gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TNF-alpha in acute cardiac transplant rejection. (1999)

Acute cardiac allograft rejection is an immune-mediated response, hallmarked by cellular infiltration and myocyte damage in the transplanted heart. Cardiac biopsy sampling has been the 'gold' standard for routinely monitoring episodes of acute rejection. As cardiac biopsy is invasive, attention has focused on other non-invasive methods, such as serum analysis, for monitoring purposes. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a lymphocyte- and macrophage-derived cytokine that is pleiotropic in its actions. Its proinflammatory functions suggest that it may play an important role in initiating and orchestrating the rejection response. Studies demonstrating a correlation in the expression of TNF-alpha with the severity of the rejection episode have placed TNF-alpha as a prime candidate marker of rejection, and have prompted further study to elucidate these findings. This review discusses the limitations of the methodologies used to identify TNF-alpha, and how intragraft expression of TNF-alpha is not reflected in the serum. Furthermore, we describe how other stimuli besides the rejection response can affect TNF-alpha production, arguing against its use as a 'rejection-specific' marker. Nevertheless, genetic studies suggest that TNF-alpha may influence transplant outcome, and offer a new tool for studying the role of TNF-alpha in acute transplant rejection
Mathematical Modeling for the Simultaneous Prediction of Rolling Force and Microstructure Evolution in the Tandem Hot Rolling of Fine Grain Steel Sheets and Plates (2002)

A new mathematical model to predict rolling force and microstructure evolution in tandem hot strip rolling of fine grain steel sheets and plates has been proposed. This model is composed by combining Orowan's theory for plastic deformation, FDM analysis temperature and incremental modeling for the evolution of microstructure. This model enables us to predict rolling force, rolling torque and microstructure simultaneously from finishing train to the run out table with quite short computing time, although flow stress is directly calculated by dislocation density and the residual dislocation of austenite is reflected to phase transformation.Proposed model has been used to characterize tandem hot rolling of fine grain steel sheets and plates. In order to manufacture fine grain steel sheets and plates, heavy reduction tandem hot rolling under low temperature is needed. As rolling force and rolling torque in finishing stands are higher than conventional rolling schedules, it is strongly requested to know whether rolling can be done within the capacity of rolling mill. The proposed model is helpful to design the best schedule to roll fine grain steel sheet and plate considering rolling reduction, rolling speed and rolling temperature.Also, there is good relationship between ferrite grain size of the hot rolled steel sheets and plates and residual dislocation density of austenite phase at the onset of phase transformation. Then, regressive equation to describe relation between them is newly proposed. This equation could be applicable to other rolling sequence such as bar rolling, because it is given by general analytical scheme for the evolution of microstructure.
Light-Controlled Selective Collection-and-Release of Biomolecules by an On-Chip Nanostructured Device (2019)

The analysis of biosamples, e.g., blood, is a ubiquitous task of proteomics, genomics, and biosensing fields; yet, it still faces multiple challenges, one of the greatest being the selective separation and detection of target proteins from these complex biosamples. Here, we demonstrate the development of an on-chip light-triggered reusable nanostructured selective and quantitative protein separation and preconcentration platform for the direct analysis of complex biosamples. The on-chip selective separation of required protein analytes from raw biosamples is performed using antibody-photoacid-modified Si nanopillars vertical arrays (SiNPs) of ultralarge binding surface area and enormously high binding affinity, followed by the light-controlled rapid release of the tightly bound target proteins in a controlled liquid media. Two important experimental observations are presented: (1) the first demonstration on the control of biological reaction binding affinity by the nanostructuring of the capturing surface, leading to highly efficient protein collection capabilities, and (2) the light-triggered switching of the highly sticky binding surfaces into highly reflective nonbinding surfaces, leading to the rapid and quantitative release of the originally tightly bound protein species. Both of these two novel behaviors were theoretically and experimentally investigated. Importantly, this is the first demonstration of a three-dimensional (3D) SiNPs on-chip filter with ultralarge binding surface area and reversible light-controlled quantitative release of adsorbed biomolecules for direct purification of blood samples, able to selectively collect and separate specific low abundant proteins, while easily removing unwanted blood components (proteins, cells) and achieving desalting results, without the requirement of time-consuming centrifugation steps, the use of desalting membranes, or affinity columns.
An Advanced Communication Toolkit for implementing the Broker pattern (2003)

The Broker pattern is a powerful solution when building middleware communication systems. Existing toolkits, such as BAST, GTS, and ACE, although useful, are insufficient to implement the Broker pattern architecture. These systems concentrate on wrappers for communication protocols, and on implementing auxiliary communication patterns, but address only some aspects of object communication. In this work we demonstrate how the Broker pattern can be easily implemented by using an Advanced Communication Toolkit (ACT). ACT model defines four layers according to the increasing degree of abstraction of exchanged information. The resulting systems are highly customizable, extensible, portable, and can communicate at any of the four layers independently. ACT supports various high-level communication protocols (e.g., HTTP, IIOP, SMTP) and can be used to implement Broker-based systems such as OMG CORBA, Java RMI, or Microsoft DCOM.
3H-3-N-methylspiperone labels D2 dopamine receptors in basal ganglia and S2 serotonin receptors in cerebral cortex (1986)

Detailed studies of the properties of 3H-3-N-methylspiperone (NMSP) binding in rat and human brain homogenates were performed at 37 degrees C. In homogenates of rat striatum and frontal cortex and human caudate and frontal cortex tissues, the specific binding was found to be saturable. Rat caudate contained 33.2 pmol/gm wet-weight tissue and displayed an equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of 8.7 X 10(-11) M; rat frontal cortex contained 18.5 pmol/gm wet-weight tissue and displayed a Kd of 1.5 X 10(-10) M. Human caudate contained 8.96 pmol/gm wet-weight tissue and displayed a Kd of 1.1 X 10(-10) M; human frontal cortex possessed 9.8 pmol/gm wet-weight tissue and a Kd of 4.4 X 10(-10) M. Kinetic studies revealed a very rapid rate of association in all the tissues studied. The rate of dissociation was relatively slow in all 4 tissue preparations; the dissociation rate was somewhat slower in rat striatum and human caudate relative to rat and human frontal cortex. This was consistent with the somewhat higher affinity, relative to frontal cortex, displayed by 3H-NMSP in rat striatal and human caudate tissue. The pharmacological properties of the specific binding in rat striatal and human caudate tissues were very similar and indicated the presence of brain D2 dopamine receptors. In rat and human frontal cortex tissue homogenates, the pharmacological characteristics of the specific binding indicated the presence of 5-HT2 receptors.
Monitoring hot-electron-induced degradation of floating-body SOI MOSFETs (1990)

A simple model relating the hot-electron-controlled device lifetime of floating-body SOI MOSFETs to the body voltage is discussed. The model is derived from the familiar relationship between the device lifetime and the substrate current of bulk MOSFETs, a relationship that cannot be measured directly in floating-body MOSFETs. The model, which allows quick estimation of the device lifetime from body-voltage measurements, is supported by measurements of hot-electron-induced degradation of floating-body SOI MOSFETs fabricated using SIMOX substrates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<scp>UV</scp> Signature Mutations (2014)

Sequencing complete tumor genomes and exomes has sparked the cancer field's interest in mutation signatures for identifying the tumor's carcinogen. This review and meta-analysis discusses signatures and their proper use. We first distinguish between a mutagen's canonical mutations—deviations from a random distribution of base changes to create a pattern typical of that mutagen—and the subset of signature mutations, which are unique to that mutagen and permit inference backward from mutations to mutagen. To verify UV signature mutations, we assembled literature datasets on cells exposed to UVC, UVB, UVA, or solar simulator light (SSL) and tested canonical UV mutation features as criteria for clustering datasets. A confirmed UV signature was: ≥60% of mutations are C→T at a dipyrimidine site, with ≥5% CC→TT. Other canonical features such as a bias for mutations on the nontranscribed strand or at the 3' pyrimidine had limited application. The most robust classifier combined these features with criteria for the rarity of non-UV canonical mutations. In addition, several signatures proposed for specific UV wavelengths were limited to specific genes or species; UV's nonsignature mutations may cause melanoma BRAF mutations; and the mutagen for sunlight-related skin neoplasms may vary between continents.
Sialochemistry in Diseases and Clinical Situations Affecting Salivary Glands (1980)

During the past few years an increasing number of investigators in a variety of disciplines have become interested in the potential of saliva as a diagnostic tool. The increase in interest reflects (in part at least) the marked proliferation in information on salivary physiology and salivary chemistry. Sialochemistry is being applied to (1) diseases of the salivary glands per se with no evidence of systemic involvement, (2) systemic diseases in which salivary glands are involved, and (3) clinical situations in which salivary flow rate and chemistry are helpful in diagnosis or monitoring patient progress (Tables 1 and 2).
Cold stress-induced recurrences of herpetic keratitis in the squirrel monkey. (1995)

A minimal temperature change produced significant recurrences in this small animal within a short time. Tissues were not damaged to produce the recurrences. This approach may provide an efficient primate model for rapid testing of drugs to prevent clinical recurrence of ocular herpetic keratitis.
The influence of epidermal growth factor on cat corneal endothelial wound healing (1991)

Using standardized freeze wounds in cat corneas, we tested the efficacy of human recombinant Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) to promote endothelial healing when solubilized in either phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 1% methylcellulose (MC), or sodium hyaluronate (NaHA), in final intraocular doses ranging from 2 micrograms to 100 micrograms of EGF. After 6 or 7 days' healing, animals were humanely sacrificed and corneal tissues were fixed and stained for light microscopy and computation of remaining wound areas. EGF in NaHA in final intraocular doses of 2 and 10 micrograms prompted significantly more complete healing of transcorneal freeze wounds to endothelium compared with endothelium of eyes treated with NaHA control solution alone. EGF in PBS or in MC in doses ranging from 2-100 micrograms/eye did not promote more complete wound healing than that seen in eyes treated with their respective vehicle solutions alone. All vehicle solutions were associated with similar degrees of wound healing, implying that they have no intrinsic healing properties.
Selective Etching of Semicrystalline Polymers:  CF<sub>4</sub> Gas Plasma Treatment of Poly(ethylene) (1999)

A series of poly(ethylene) (PE) films with different degrees of crystallinity was treated with a radio-frequency tetrafluoromethane (CF4) gas plasma (48−49 W, 0.06−0.07 mbar, and continuous vs pulsed treatment). The etching behavior and surface chemical and structural changes of the PE films were studied by weight measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), static and dynamic water contact angle measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). With increasing crystallinity (14−59%) of PE, a significant and almost linear decrease of the etching rate was found, ranging from 50 Å/min for linear low-density poly(ethylene) (LLDPE) to 35 Å/min for high-density poly(ethylene) (HDPE). XPS analysis revealed that after CF4 plasma treatment the PE surfaces were highly fluorinated up to F/C ratios of 1.6. Moreover, CF4 plasma treatment of PE resulted in extremely hydrophobic surfaces. Advancing water contact angles up to 150° were measured for treated LDPE films. Both SEM and AFM analysis revealed that pronounced surface restructuring took place during prolonged continuous plasma treatment (≥15 min). The lamellar surface structure of LDPE changed into a nanoporous-like structure with uniform pores and grains on the order of tens of nanometers. This phenomenon was not observed during plasma treatment of HDPE films. Apart from surface roughening due to selective etching, pulsed plasma treatment did not result in significant surface structural changes either. Therefore, the restructuring of continuously plasma-treated surfaces was attributed to a combined effect of etching and an increase of the surface temperature, resulting in phase separation of PE-like and poly(tetrafluoroethylene)-like material, of which the latter is surface oriented.
Total Synthesis of (−)-Kaitocephalin (2005)

[reaction: see text] Total synthesis of the potent AMPA/KA receptor antagonist (-)-kaitocephalin (1) and its three diastereomers has been accomplished. The synthesis features strictly substrate-controlled operations to alpha-formylglutamate 3 starting with alpha-hydroxymethylglutamate 4. The requisite 2R,3S,7R-stereocenters were efficiently constructed by manipulation of stereoselective reactions: dihydroxylation of 7 followed by azide substitution of the corresponding thionocarbonate 10 and Cu-mediated allylation of an acyliminium ion 21. All of the protecting groups in 26 were removed simultaneously by AlCl3/Me2S to give 1.
A Scan Chain Adjustment Technology for Test Power Reduction (2006)

Recently test power dissipation has become a more and more challenging issue. This paper proposes a technique to solve this problem through scan chain adjustment to eliminate unnecessary transitions in scan chains. An extended WTM (EWTM) metric is proposed to estimate dynamic power dissipation in circuit under test caused by transitions in test stimulus and response vectors. And the routing overhead of this methodology can be reduced through scan chain adjustment guided with our Distance of EWTM (DEWTM) metric. Experimental results on ISCAS?89 benchmarks circuits show that the proposed approach can reduce average power dissipation during scan test by 72.2% on average, with negligible routing overhead.
DUNLOP STOPS 'PUSHING' TIRES AT PLANT IN SOUTH AFRICA (2001)

SUBTITLE: OUT OF STEP WITH THE PULL OF MARKET DEMAND, THE MANUFACTURER FOUND THAT INVENTORY OPTIMIZATION SOFTWARE ENABLED IT TO ROLL OUT MORE ACCURATE FORECASTS.
Blocking, hand-off and traffic performance for cellular communication systems with mixed platforms (2003)

Cellular communication systems that support a mixture of platform types distinguished by different mobility characteristics are considered. A tractable analytical model for traffic performance analysis is developed using multidimensional birth-death processes and the method of phases. The framework allows consideration of homogeneous and nonhomogeneous systems, a broad class of dwell time distributions, and missed handoff initiations. Cut-off priority for handoffs and several platform types are considered to demonstrate the approach. The effects of different mobility parameters and of imperfect detection of handoff needs are examined. Theoretical performance characteristics are obtained. These exhibit carried traffic, handoff activity, blocking probability, and forced termination probability for each platform type. The realizable exchange of blocking for handoff performance is shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Potato D-enzyme Catalyzes the Cyclization of Amylose to Produce Cycloamylose, a Novel Cyclic Glucan (1996)

Potato D-enzyme was purified from recombinant Escherichia coli, and its action on synthetic amylose (average Mr of 320,000) was analyzed. D-enzyme treatment resulted in a decrease in the ability of the amylose to form a blue complex with iodine. Analysis of the products indicated that the enzyme catalyzes an intramolecular transglycosylation reaction on amylose to produce cyclic alpha-1,4-glucan (cycloamylose). Confirmation of the cyclic structure was achieved by demonstrating the absence of reducing and nonreducing ends, resistance to hydrolysis by glucoamylase (an exoamylase), and by "time of flight" mass spectrometry. The degree of polymerization of cycloamylose products was determined by time of flight mass spectrometry analysis and by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography following partial acid hydrolysis of purified cycloamylose molecules and was found to range from 17 to several hundred. The yield of cycloamylose increased with time and reached >95%. D-enzyme did not act upon purified cycloamylose, but if glucose was added as an acceptor molecule, smaller cyclic and linear molecules were produced. The mechanism of the cyclization reaction, the possible role of the enzyme in starch metabolism, and the potential applications for cycloamylose are discussed.
Nuclear LIM interactor, a rhombotin and LIM homeodomain interacting protein, is expressed early in neuronal development. (1996)

LIM domain-containing transcription factors, including the LIM-only rhombotins and LIM-homeodomain proteins, are crucial for cell fate determination of erythroid and neuronal lineages. The zinc-binding LIM domains mediate protein-protein interactions, and interactions between nuclear LIM proteins and transcription factors with restricted expression patterns have been demonstrated. We have isolated a novel protein, nuclear LIM interactor (NLI), that specifically associates with a single LIM domain in all nuclear LIM proteins tested. NLI is expressed in the nuclei of diverse neuronal cell types and is coexpressed with a target interactor islet-1 (Isl1) during the initial stages of motor neuron differentiation, suggesting the mutual involvement of these proteins in the differentiation process. The broad range of interactions between NLI and LIM-containing transcription factors suggests the utilization of a common mechanism to impart unique cell fate instructions.
Multi-Color Techniques for Identification and Filtering of Burst Signals in Jet Engine Pyrometers (2012)

A DARPA funded Multi-color Pyrometry (MCP) experiment was carried out on a government provided aircraft engine to study the nature of hot particulate bursts generated from the combustor at certain engine conditions. These bursts of hot particulates lead to intermittent high-voltage signal output from the line-of-sight (LOS) pyrometer which is ultimately detected and used by the onboard digital engine controller (DEC). The investigation used a high-speed MCP system designed to detect bursts and identify their properties. Results of the radiant temperature, multi-color temperature and apparent emissivity are presented. The results indicated that the apparent emissivity calculated during the signal burst was lower than that of the blade. The root cause for the signal burst was identified as soot particles generated as by-product of combustion under certain conditions. This conclusion was drawn based on both experimental and simulation results. Technical strategies to separate, reduce or remove the burst signal are proposed.
Finite difference energy techniques for arbitrary meshes applied to linear plate problems (1979)

Abstract A new energy based finite difference analytical technique is introduced. The method incorporates certain energy concepts and the ability to use arbitrary, irregular meshes within the framework of the Finite Difference Method. This formulation reduces any governing partial differential equations to a set of difference equations containing partial derivatives up to and including the second order. Further, certain strong similarities with the popular Finite Element Method are shown and the ability to solve problems with irregular boundaries is discussed. To demonstrate the Finite Difference Energy Method several plate bending problems are solved.
Fast and Efficient Intra Mode Selection for H.264/AVC (2010)

The H.264/AVC video coding standard adopts a robust rate-distortion optimization (RDO) arithmetic to select the best intra coding mode. As a result, it brings about large complexity and computational load. In this paper, a fast intra coding mode selection algorithm based on the greyscale for the H.264/AVC video coding standard is proposed. The algorithm dramatically reduces computational complexity. The experimental results verified that the proposed algorithm can save up to 26% and 60.8% of the computation time of all I frames and intra prediction coding, respectively, while still maintaining similar video quality.
The near-tip region of a fluid-driven fracture propagating in a permeable elastic solid (2003)

This paper is concerned with an analysis of the near-tip region of a fluid-driven fracture propagating in a permeable saturated rock. It focuses on the calculation of the pore fluid pressure in the tip cavity, the region corresponding to the lag between the front of the fracturing fluid and the fracture tip. In contrast to impermeable rocks where the tip cavity can be considered to be at zero pressure, the fluid pressure in the tip cavity is here unknown and not uniform as exchange of pore fluid between the cavity and the porous medium and flow of pore fluid within the cavity is taking place. Solution of the fluid pressure in the tip region requires therefore simultaneous consideration of fracture mechanics (for the aperture of the tip cavity), diffusion theory for the movement of fluid within the porous medium, and viscous flow along the crack. Construction of such a solution within the framework of some simplifying assumptions is the main objective of this paper. It is shown that the problem depends, in general, upon two numbers with the meaning of a permeability and a propagation velocity. For the asymptotic case of large propagation speed, these two numbers merge into a single parameter, while the solution becomes independent of the propagation velocity in the limit of small velocity. The particular case of large velocity is solved analytically, while both the general and the small velocity cases are computed numerically but with different techniques. The paper concludes with a comprehensive analysis of numerical results.
An Approximate Supersonic Wind-Tunnel Simulator (1947)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Allen H. Schooley; An Approximate Supersonic Wind-Tunnel Simulator. American Journal of Physics 1 March 1947; 15 (2): 164–171. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1990917 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAmerican Association of Physics TeachersAmerican Journal of Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search