gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beyond total capture (2010)

Rather than try to capture everything, system design should focus on the psychological basis of human memory.
On-line testing of globally asynchronous circuits (2005)

The problem of on-line testing of asynchronous circuits is analyzed, several infrastructures are proposed and a self-checking tree checker is designed. The checker uses on-demand self-test, which reduces power consumption and guarantees bounded self-test period. Objects under test are tested by observing protocols at their primary inputs and outputs. The checker does not slow down the functional system, as it only samples the signals. The protocols are checked by identifying enabled and refused signal transitions in each state of the system. The fault coverage of internal faults of the checker is calculated. Simulation results are included.
Root Cause Analysis - a Tool for Closer Supply Chain Integration in Construction (2001)

Perhaps more than most industries, successful construction in the UK relies on effectively bringing together a diverse range of suppliers in what is often referred to as a ‘temporary-multi organization’. Relationships and integration between the organizations within this diverse and complex supply chain are difficult to form and maintain. Frequently, relationships degenerate and become acrimonious, with companies attempting to protect their own position to the detriment of the construction project. This paper outlines the root cause analysis tool and shows, using real-life case studies, how it can be used not only to identify and resolve problems but, at the same time engender better relationships and understanding between suppliers of services and products for a construction project.
Improved compression of topology for view-dependent rendering (2004)

We present a simple and efficient representation to store and transmit connectivity data of view dependent meshes for out-of-core rendering of large datasets. Resident mesh data available for rendering is organized as vertex tree to support real-time visualization of huge models. Our approach is not restricted to manifold meshes and can be used in the presence of non topology-preserving refinement operations as well. In contrast to progressive mesh compression our representation allows selective access to relevant fractions of the refinement hierarchy. After new mesh refinements are received, the update of the resident hierarchy available for display does not rely on known topology in the neighborhood of the patches to be refined. Therefore our approach does not require dependencies. We compare our connectivity coding with an existing framework for efficient transmission of view-dependent meshes and obtained substantially better compression results.
Mapping of Atrial Activation During Sustained Atrial Fibrillation in Dogs with Rapid Ventricular Pacing Induced Heart Failure: Evidence for a Role of Driver Regions (2005)

Introduction: Dogs with rapid ventricular pacing (RVP)‐induced congestive heart failure (CHF) have inducible atrial tachycardia, flutter, and fibrillation (AF). We tested the hypothesis that rapid atrial activation in multiple regions and at different rates is responsible for sustained AF in this CHF model. Methods and Results: We studied 12 episodes of sustained (>10 minutes) AF induced in 12 dogs with CHF produced by 3–6 weeks of RVP at 230 beats/minute. High‐density mapping of AF was performed using 382 unipolar atrial electrograms recorded simultaneously from epicardial electrodes on the right (RA) and left atria (LA) and Bachmann's bundle. AF mechanisms were based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis and activation sequence mapping. A driver was defined as a rapid stable activation region with a single dominant frequency peak in FFT analysis. During AF, three FFT and activation patterns were seen: (1) a single LA driver (7.8 ± 1.1 Hz) near the pulmonary veins (PVs) with irregular activation in the rest of the atria (n = 4); (2) simultaneous, multisite, biatrial drivers at differing frequencies (LA vs RA dominant frequency gradient: 1.3 ± 0.8 Hz) near the PVs (8.4 ± 0.3 Hz) and high RA (8.5 ± 1.5 Hz) (n = 7); and (3) biatrial irregular activation with multiple and/or broadband frequency peaks without a dominant frequency. (LA: 7.1–11.4 Hz; RA: 5.9–7.7 Hz) (n = 1). Atrial drivers had either a focal activation pattern or were due to a macroreentrant circuit around the PVs. Conclusions: In this CHF model, FFT analysis and activation sequence mapping demonstrate that sustained AF is characterized by single and multiple, stable LA and RA drivers with predominant sources in the PVs and high RA causing fibrillatory conduction.
A Highly Accurate Fuel Level Measuring System (1987)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">With conventional float-type fuel level sensor's, measurement errors when the vehicle is on an incline or going around corners. Now, a highly-accurate measuring system employing an electrostatic capacity sensor is developed for practical application. This sensor is composed of multiple electrode plates formed alone a allows accurate measurement of regaining fuel even in tanks of irregular shapes. Also, since this sensor comes a unit, it is easier to replace.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The system furthermore, employs software provided with averaging, memory storage, and permittivity correction functions in order to elminate the effects of fuel level fluctuations and pressure changes within the tank during driving along with the effect of fuels with different permittivity.</div>
HFPO Trimer-Based Alkyl Triflate, a Novel Building Block for Fluorous Chemistry. Preparation, Reactions and 19F gCOSY Analysis (2008)

Triflate 4 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 2 O-CF(CF 3 )CF 2 O-CF(CF 3 )CH 2 -OTf (R FO CH 2 OTf), of the HFPO trimer-based alcohol 3 (R FO CH 2 OH) is a novel highly fluorinated building block for fluorous chemistry. In analogy to similar polyfluorinated triflates with methylene spacer, its reactivity is limited to strong and soft nucleophiles. Whereas reactions with cyanide anion, phenolate anion, enolate of diethyl malonate or lithium salt of benzaldehyde bis(phenylsulfanyl)acetal were unsuccessful, the corresponding imidazole 5 , iodide 6 or azide 7 were prepared in good yields. Reaction of imidazole 5 with (perfluorohexyl)methyl triflate ( 9 ) afforded highly fluorinated non-crystalline imidazolium salt 8 , TfO - R FO CH 2 -(C 3 H 3 N 2 ) + -CH 2 C 6 F 13 - n , which could be employed as fluorous ionic liquid or intermediate for fluorous carbenes. Complete assignment of complex 19 F NMR spectra of all compounds employed was accomplished using 19 F gCOSY NMR method.
Cloning and expression of a human choline/ethanolaminephosphotransferase: synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine (1999)

Cholinephosphotransferase catalyses the final step in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) via the Kennedy pathway by the transfer of phosphocholine from CDP-choline to diacylglycerol. Ethanolaminephosphotransferase catalyses an analogous reaction with CDP-ethanolamine as the phosphobase donor for the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn). Together these two enzyme activities determine both the site of synthesis and the fatty acyl composition of PtdCho and PtdEtn synthesized de novo. A human choline/ethanolaminephosphotransferase cDNA (hCEPT1) was cloned, expressed and characterized. Northern blot analysis revealed one hCEPT1 2.3 kb transcript that was ubiquitous and not enriched, with respect to actin, in any particular cell type. The open reading frame predicts a protein (hCEPT1p) of 416 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 46550 Da containing seven membrane-spanning domains. A predicted amphipathic helix resides within the active site of the enzyme with the final two aspartic residues of the CDP-alcohol phosphotransferase motif, DG(X)2AR(X)8G(X)3D(X)3D, positioned within this helix. hCEPT1p was successfully expressed in a full-length, active form in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells devoid of endogenous cholinephosphotransferase or ethanolaminephosphotransferase activities (HJ091, cpt1::LEU2 ept1-). In vitro, hCEPT1p displayed broad substrate specificity, utilizing both CDP-choline and CDP-ethanolamine as phosphobase donors to a broad range of diacylglycerols, resulting in the synthesis of both PtdCho and PtdEtn. In vivo, S. cerevisiae cells (HJ091, cpt1::LEU2 ept1-) expressing hCEPT1 efficiently incorporated both radiolabelled choline and ethanolamine into phospholipids, demonstrating that hCEPT1p has the ability to synthesize both choline- and ethanolamine- containing phospholipids in vitro and in vivo.
Evaluation of a scaling cascade model for temporal rain- fall disaggregation (1998)

Abstract. The possibility of modelling the temporal structure of rainfall in southern Sweden by a simple cascade model is tested. The cascade model is based on exact conservation of rainfall volume and has a branching number of 2. The weights associated with one branching are 1 and 0 with probability P(1/0), 0 and 1 with P(0/1), and Wx/x, and 1 - Wx/x, 0 < Wx/x, < 1, with P(x/x), where Wx/x is associated with a theoretical probability distribution. Furthermore, the probabilities p are assumed to depend on two characteristics of the rainy time period (wet box) to be branched: rainfall volume and position in the rainfall sequence. In the first step, analyses of 2 years of 8-min data indicates that the model is applicable between approximately 1 hour and 1 week with approximately uniformly distributed Wx/x values. The probabilities P show a clear dependence on the box characteristics and a slight seasonal nonstationarity. In the second step, the model is used to disaggregate the time series from 17- to 1-hour resolution. The model-generated data reproduce well the ratio between rainy and nonrainy periods and the distribution of individual volumes. Event volumes, event durations, and dry period lengths are fairly well reproduced, but somewhat underestimated, as was the autocorrelation. From analyses of power spectrum and statistical moments the model preserves the scaling behaviour of the data. The results demonstrate the potential of scaling-based approaches in hydrological applications involving rainfall disaggregation.
Automated packet trace analysis of TCP implementations (1997)

We describe tcpanaly, a tool for automatically analyzing a TCP implementation's behavior by inspecting packet traces of the TCP's activity. Doing so requires surmounting a number of hurdles, including detecting packet filter measurement errors, coping with ambiguities due to the distance between the measurement point and the TCP, and accommodating a surprisingly large range of behavior among different TCP implementations. We discuss why our efforts to develop a fully general tool failed, and detail a number of significant differences among 8 major TCP implementations, some of which, if ubiquitous, would devastate Internet performance. The most problematic TCPs were all independently written, suggesting that correct TCP implementation is fraught with difficulty. Consequently, it behooves the Internet community to develop testing programs and reference implementations.
A video eye tracking system based on a statistical algorithm (2002)

Presents the design and analysis of an algorithm which determines the yaw, pitch, roll and pupil diameter states of an eye viewed with a standard video camera. A maximum likelihood estimation technique tracks the location and size of the pupil in a video image to find horizontal and vertical eye position. Simulations and analyses show that the noiseless measuring resolution of horizontal and vertical movements is less than 0.05 pixel on an image. Eased on accurate measurements of pupil position, counterroll movements are calculated using cross correlations between one dimensional templates which consist of equidistant pixels on a partial annulus overlying the iris and concentric with the pupil center. Another advantage of the algorithm is a robustness with respect to intrusions of droopy eyelids and random light reflections. Analysis shows that eyelids which cover pupils by less than a third of pupil radius do nor cause a bias in pupil position estimates. Light reflections on the pupil boundary have a minimal effect on estimate bias, while light reflections embedded inside the pupil have a lesser effect. The speed of image analysis (about 10 frames per second on Macintosh IIfx computer), the robustness for eyelid cover and random light reflections, and the ability to track 4 dimensional eye movement (horizontal, vertical, counterroll movement and pupil size) are major characteristics of the algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effects of Prenatal Cocaine Exposure on Perinatal Morbidityand Postnatal Growth in the Rabbit (1991)

Prenatal cocaine (CC) exposure may result in increased fetal loss, growth retardation, altered neurodevelopment, and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). We sought to establish an animal model for prenatal cocaine exposure which (1) would allow us to distinguish the direct effects from the indirect and nutritional effects of the drug, and (2) might be used to address questions of cocaine's toxicity, specifically to the developing respiratory control system. The study design included 38 New Zealand White rabbit does among CC, pair-fed (PF), and free-fed (FF) groups. Miniosmotic pumps were implanted in each doe on day 10 of timed gestation providing continuous subcutaneous administration of either 30 mg/kg/day of cocaine HCl in H2O (CC) or sterile H2O alone (PF and FF). Mean (SEM) plasma cocaine concentration was 1.71 +/- 0.21 mumol/l (519.4 +/- 64.4 ng/ml). Pregnancy outcome compared for incidence of stillbirth, maternal death, spontaneous abortion, and gross malformation among 211 pups was significant only for increased stillbirths among CC pups (18%, p less than 0.04) as compared to PF (6%) and FF pups (7%). External and renal malformation and postnatal weight, crown-rump length, and snout-occiput head circumference for pups aged 4 and 5 days of age did not differ among groups. The direct effects of prenatal cocaine evaluated in our model do not reproduce the altered perinatal outcome observed among humans. However, our results do not determine if physiologic function has been altered. Investigation of the physiologic and pathologic abnormalities that are relevant to this human condition, specifically to the developing respiratory control system, should add clarity to the mechanism of action of cocaine during pregnancy.
Comprehensive, comprehensible, distributed and intelligent databases: current status. (1998)

frishman@mips.biochem.mpg.de
Scarcity and Compassionate Medicine in Malawi (2012)

(2012). Scarcity and Compassionate Medicine in Malawi. Anthropology Now: Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 69-72.
Notes on magnetic measurements. (1995)

These notes have been produced as an introduction to traceable magnetic measurements of
the type carried out at the National Physical Laboratory and other magnetics standards
laboratories. Outlines are given of the main principles of measurement with references to
publications giving more definitive procedures and methods. An attempt has been made to
explain the magnetic units in common usage, to cover the bases of magnetic measurements
and traceability to fundamental quantities and to set out the principl measurement
techniques for the calibration of magnetic instrumentation and materia1s.
A novel gateway selection method to maximize the system throughput of Wireless Mesh Network deployed in disaster areas (2012)

Since Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) can be easily deployed without wirelines among wireless mesh routers, they allow us to quickly recover network access services in disaster areas even if the existing network infrastructures have been enormously destroyed by terrible earthquake, tsunami, and so on. However, the performance of wireless mesh networks is largely affected by many factors, e.g., wireless mesh routers' locations, channel assignment, transmission scheduling, etc. In particular, the method of selecting gateways which has a connection to external networks significantly impacts on the network performance when the topology and routing have been fixed in the wireless mesh network. In this paper, we suppose a wireless mesh network which consists of wireless mesh routers and a base station directly connected to external networks. The base station is located at the center of the wireless mesh network chooses a certain number of wireless mesh routers as gateways, and establishes a connection with each of them. Our goal is to easily and quickly find the candidate gateways that maximize the system throughput without solving a complex optimization problem which includes a large number of parameters and involves heavy computation load. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by numerical analysis, and demonstrated through computer simulations. The results show that our proposed scheme can determine the appropriate candidate gateway with high accuracy when there is a certain variance in the amount of traffic generated by users at each wireless mesh router.
A Model Analysis of Arterial Oxygen Desaturation during Apnea in Preterm Infants (2009)

Rapid arterial O(2) desaturation during apnea in the preterm infant has obvious clinical implications but to date no adequate explanation for why it exists. Understanding the factors influencing the rate of arterial O(2) desaturation during apnea (Sa(O)₂) is complicated by the non-linear O(2) dissociation curve, falling pulmonary O(2) uptake, and by the fact that O(2) desaturation is biphasic, exhibiting a rapid phase (stage 1) followed by a slower phase when severe desaturation develops (stage 2). Using a mathematical model incorporating pulmonary uptake dynamics, we found that elevated metabolic O(2) consumption accelerates Sa(O)₂throughout the entire desaturation process. By contrast, the remaining factors have a restricted temporal influence: low pre-apneic alveolar P(O)₂causes an early onset of desaturation, but thereafter has little impact; reduced lung volume, hemoglobin content or cardiac output, accelerates Sa(O)₂during stage 1, and finally, total blood O(2) capacity (blood volume and hemoglobin content) alone determines Sa(O)₂during stage 2. Preterm infants with elevated metabolic rate, respiratory depression, low lung volume, impaired cardiac reserve, anemia, or hypovolemia, are at risk for rapid and profound apneic hypoxemia. Our insights provide a basic physiological framework that may guide clinical interpretation and design of interventions for preventing sudden apneic hypoxemia.
Generalized hydrodynamic equations for nematic liquid crystals (1998)

We present a formulation of the nematic liquid crystal hydrodynamics based on the tensor order parameter, with the spatial variations of both the director and the scalar (uniaxial and biaxial) order parameters explicitly taken into account. New length and time scales are shown to arise that can be important for the switching dynamics of thin cells subject to large external fields. The Ericksen-Leslie theory is shown to be a special limit of our formulation.
Optimized Honest-Majority MPC for Malicious Adversaries — Breaking the 1 Billion-Gate Per Second Barrier (2017)

Secure multiparty computation enables a set of parties to securely carry out a joint computation of their private inputs without revealing anything but the output. In the past few years, the efficiency of secure computation protocols has increased in leaps and bounds. However, when considering the case of security in the presence of malicious adversaries (who may arbitrarily deviate from the protocol specification), we are still very far from achieving high efficiency. In this paper, we consider the specific case of three parties and an honest majority. We provide general techniques for improving efficiency of cut-and-choose protocols on multiplication triples and utilize them to significantly improve the recently published protocol of Furukawa et al. (ePrint 2016/944). We reduce the bandwidth of their protocol down from 10 bits per AND gate to 7 bits per AND gate, and show how to improve some computationally expensive parts of their protocol. Most notably, we design cache-efficient shuffling techniques for implementing cut-and-choose without randomly permuting large arrays (which is very slow due to continual cache misses). We provide a combinatorial analysis of our techniques, bounding the cheating probability of the adversary. Our implementation achieves a rate of approximately 1.15 billion AND gates per second on a cluster of three 20-core machines with a 10Gbps network. Thus, we can securely compute 212,000 AES encryptions per second (which is hundreds of times faster than previous work for this setting). Our results demonstrate that high-throughput secure computation for malicious adversaries is possible.
Calibrated Null Circuit for Perkin-Elmer Infra-Red Spectrometer (1948)

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Cellular and Molecular Basis of Deiodinase-Regulated Thyroid Hormone Signaling1 (2008)

The iodothyronine deiodinases initiate or terminate thyroid hormone action and therefore are critical for the biological effects mediated by thyroid hormone. Over the years, research has focused on their role in preserving serum levels of the biologically active molecule T(3) during iodine deficiency. More recently, a fascinating new role of these enzymes has been unveiled. The activating deiodinase (D2) and the inactivating deiodinase (D3) can locally increase or decrease thyroid hormone signaling in a tissue- and temporal-specific fashion, independent of changes in thyroid hormone serum concentrations. This mechanism is particularly relevant because deiodinase expression can be modulated by a wide variety of endogenous signaling molecules such as sonic hedgehog, nuclear factor-kappaB, growth factors, bile acids, hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, as well as a growing number of xenobiotic substances. In light of these findings, it seems clear that deiodinases play a much broader role than once thought, with great ramifications for the control of thyroid hormone signaling during vertebrate development and metamorphosis, as well as injury response, tissue repair, hypothalamic function, and energy homeostasis in adults.
A Fully Automatic Crossword Generator (2008)

This paper presents a software system that is able to generate crosswords with no human intervention including definition generation and crossword compilation. In particular, the proposed system crawls relevant sources of the Web, extracts definitions from the downloaded pages using state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) techniques and, finally, attempts at compiling a crossword schema with the extracted definitions using a constrain satisfaction programming (CSP) solver. The crossword generator has relevant applications in entertainment, educational and rehabilitation contexts.
Low-Loss Broad-Band EHF Circulator (Short Papers) (1976)

A waveguide circulator design is reported that has resulted in a structurally rugged, thermally stable circulator with exceptional RF performance. With this design, insertion loss of less than 0.1 dB, more than 2MB isolation, and VSWR less than 1.2:1 have been achieved, each over 7 GHz of bandwidth from 27 to 34 GHz and 31 to 38 GHz.
1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction of Chromones and Coumarin with Pyridinium Ylides (1985)

1,3-Dipolar cy~loaddition reaction of N-iminopyridinium ylide (2) -with chromones (I) gave pyrazolo[l,5-alpyridines (2) in moderate yields.Similarly coumarin (4) reacted with 2 to give 8 8