gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling the heat of mixing of LiMn2O4 pouch type battery (2016)

Using Lithium-ion batteries for small scale applications such as mobile phones, laptops and cameras and camcorders are absolutely widespread. But there are challenges in their use for large scale applications, such as electric vehicles and stationary stations in thermal power plants. One of the challenges is heat generation during cycling and its effect on increasing battery temperature. Excessive increase of temperature has negative effects on the efficiency, safety, reliability, performance and lifetime of battery cell, so it should be controlled by the battery thermal management techniques that maintain temperature within an allowed domain. To improve accuracy and performance of thermal management methods, exact amount of heat generation should be determined during charging and discharging. In this work, heat of mixing as an important source of heat that continue to be generate after cutoff current, is added into thermal modeling part of Dualfoil5.1 Code in order to accurately calculate the amount of heat generated in a battery cell at any point in time. With corrected Dualfoil5.1 code, it is found that even at the low-rate current of charging and discharging, amount of heat of mixing is non-negligible.
Real-Time Fluid Dynamics for Games (2003)

Tracheal transplantation with a long-segment recellularized tracheal allograft has previously been performed without the need for immunosuppressive therapy. Recipients' mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and tracheal epithelial cells (TEC) were harvested, cultured, expanded, and seeded on a donor trachea within a bioreactor. Prior techniques used for cellular seeding have involved only static-seeding methods. Here, we describe a novel bioreactor for recellularization of long-segment tracheae. Tracheae were recellularized with epithelial cells on the luminal surface and bone marrow-derived MSC on the external surface. We used dynamic perfusion seeding for both cell types and demonstrate an increase in both cellular counts and homogeneity scores compared with traditional methods. Despite these improvements, orthotopic transplantation of these scaffolds revealed no labeled cells at postoperative day 3 and lack of re-epithelialization within the first 2 weeks. The animals in this study had postoperative respiratory distress and tracheal collapse that was incompatible with life.
Reconciliation: What does it mean? (1999)

In the last few decades, Aborigines have won freedoms long denied to them. The paternal hands of church and state have largely been removed from their lives. They now have to build a new life out of the ruins of dispossession, and with the full rights and duties of Australian citizenship. Although they are no longer strangers in their own land, their land is not the same as it was. It is immensely more bountiful and it is owned by the whole nation.This Backgrounder takes a critical look at the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation’s Draft Document. The Document seeks to place the relationship between Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders and the wider community on a new and more equitable footing. But the Council’s approach is unlikely to bring about its commendable vision of ‘a united Australia which respects this land of ours; values the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander heritage; and provides justice and equity for all’.The Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation wants Aborigines to have a unique status and the freedom to determine their own destinies somewhat comparable to the freedom they possessed before European settlement. Some aspects of the strategy of self-determination, however, may not help Aboriginal people at all, some may be unacceptable to the nation as a whole, and some may simply invite a new paternalism. If Aborigines are to recover from their long period of suffering, they may have to accept that while governments can place tools in their hands, governments cannot live their lives for them.
Integrin β3 regions controlling binding of murine mAb 7E3: Implications for the mechanism of integrin αIIbβ3 activation (2004)

Abciximab, a derivative of the murine mAb 7E3, protects against ischemic complications of percutaneous coronary interventions by inhibiting ligand binding to the alphaIIbbeta3 receptor. In this study we identified regions on integrin beta3 that control 7E3 binding. Murine/human amino acid substitutions were created in two regions of the betaA domain that previous studies found to influence 7E3 binding: the C177-C184 loop and K125-N133. The T182N substitution and a K125Q mutation reduced 7E3 binding to human beta3 in complex with alphaIIb. The introduction of both the human C177-C184 region and human W129 into murine beta3 was necessary and sufficient to permit 7E3 binding to the human alphaIIb/murine beta3 complex. Although we cannot exclude allosteric effects, we propose that 7E3 binds between C177-C184 and W129, which are within 15 A of each other in the crystal structure and close to the beta3 metal ion-dependent adhesion site. We previously demonstrated that 7E3 binds more rapidly to activated than unactivated platelets. Because it has been proposed that alphaIIbbeta3 changes from a bent to an extended conformation upon activation, we hypothesized that 7E3 binds less well to the bent than the extended conformation. In support of this hypothesis we found that 7E3 bound less well to an alphaIIbbeta3 construct locked in a bent conformation, and unlocking the conformation restored 7E3 binding. Thus, our data are consistent with alphaIIbbeta3 existing in variably bent conformations in equilibrium with each other on unactivated platelets, and activation resulting in alphaIIbbeta3 adopting a more extended conformation.
Implement of a Light-Weight Integrated Virtualized Environment Manager for Private Cloud Computing (2012)

Cloud computing is of particularly population these days, it is changing the way of delivering and consuming IT resources of kinds. Private cloud computing is more appealing and acceptable than public cloud computing at this stage since there is no security issue which is intensively concerned by all serious users. But on the one hand, currently widely used open source virtualized environment managers can not meet the requirement of private cloud especially small scale private cloud due to their overstaffed functionality and complexity, on the other hand, customized commercial managers always involve a significant mount of fees and it is hard to be integrated by other applications running in the cloud. Based on the deep investigation on virtualization technique especially on Xen, the design and implement of a light-weighted integrated virtualized environment manager (LWIV Manager) is presented in this paper. LWIV Manager provides an easy use and integration way to allocate the computing resources of CPU, memory and network in the cloud. Moreover, a plug-in which gathers public computing resources to scale the capacity of local private cloud in the case of request burst is integrated in our LWIV Manager as well.
Increased Activity of a Cationic Peroxidase Associated with an Incompatible Interaction Between <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv <i>oryzae</i> and Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>) (1992)

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar Cas 209 carries the gene Xa-10 for resistance to race 2 of Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae, the bacterial blight pathogen. When seedling leaves of Cas 209 plants were infiltrated with bacterial cell suspensions of strain PXO86(Rif) (race 2, incompatible), total peroxidase activity in extracts from extracellular spaces increased almost threefold between 16 and 24 hours after inoculation. The increase in total peroxidase activity in extracellular extracts was correlated with the appearance of a 43-kilodalton peroxidase isoenzyme with an isoelectric point of 8.6. Increases in the activities of two anionic peroxidase isoenzymes also were associated with the incompatible interaction. Later during the interactions, total peroxidase activities increased in both compatible (cv Cas 209 infiltrated with race 1, PXO61(Sm)) and control (Cas 209 infiltrated with water) treatments, but final activity levels were less than that observed in the incompatible combination. Similarly, the cationic peroxidase was detected in all three treatments by 48 hours after infiltration, but at reduced levels in compatible and water-infiltrated control treatments relative to the incompatible combination. Accumulation of this peroxidase in extracellular spaces thus may play a role in the defense response in cultivar Cas 209.
Antitumor Imidazotetrazines. 40. Radiosyntheses of [4-<sup>11</sup>C-<i>C</i><i>arbonyl</i>]- and [3-<i>N</i>-<sup>11</sup>C-<i>M</i><i>ethyl</i>]-8-carbamoyl-3-methylimidazo[5,1-<i>d</i>]-1,2,3,5-tetrazin-4(3<i>H</i>)-one (Temozolomide) for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Studies (2002)

8-Carbamoyl-3-methylimidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazin-4(3H)-one (temozolomide, 1) is an anticancer prodrug. As part of investigations to probe its postulated mode of action using PET we have developed two rapid radiosynthetic routes for the preparation of temozolomide labeled with the short-lived positron emitter, carbon-11 (t(1/2) = 20.4 min). Reaction of 5-diazoimidazole-4-carboxamide (7) with the novel labeling agent [(11)C-methyl]methyl isocyanate (8) gave [3-N-(11)C-methyl]temozolomide (9) in 14-20% radiochemical yield from [(11)C-methyl]methyl isocyanate (8) (decay corrected). The position of radiolabeling in the 3-N-methyl group was confirmed by [(11/13)C]colabeling and subsequent carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy. Similarly, the reaction of 5-diazoimidazole-4-carboxamide (7) with [(11)C-carbonyl]methyl isocyanate (10) gave [4-(11)C-carbonyl]temozolomide (11) in 10-15% radiochemical yield from [(11)C-carbonyl]methyl isocyanate (10) (decay corrected). Apyrogenic samples of [3-N-(11)C-methyl]temozolomide (9) and [4-(11)C-carbonyl]temozolomide (11), with good chemical and radiochemical purities, have been prepared and used in human PET studies.
Personalizing Oncology: Perspectives and Prospects (2013)

This article provides an overview of the research, beginning a century ago, that has led to the current use of genomically informed methods for selection of targeted therapies to treat individual patients with cancer--so-called precision cancer medicine. Until 1980, most research on cancer therapy was not targeted in the sense we use the word today. Since then, there has been an acceleration in research identifying genetic and molecular targets and in clinical trials using biomarkers that identify the presence of genetic or molecular markers in a patient's cancer to select appropriate targeted therapy. This approach has been made possible by increased knowledge of the genetic pathogenesis of cancer and by increased capacity to sequence genes and genomes in clinically useful timeframes and at a reasonable cost. However, many challenges and pitfalls remain in selecting optimal targets, interpreting data on genetic aberrations, designing effective targeted drugs and antibodies, dealing with resistance to treatments, identifying appropriate combinations of therapies, and performing the complex clinical trials that are required. Future clinical research with experimental targeted agents is likely to be more informative because of appropriate preselection of patients enrolled onto trials and performance of genetic and molecular studies on specimens of a patient's cancer before and after treatment.
Development, clinical evaluation, and post-licensure impact of RotaTeq, a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (2011)

Rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) is the leading cause of severe diarrhea in children worldwide. This paper provides an overview of the development, clinical evaluation, and postlicensure impact of RotaTeq™(Rotavirus Vaccine, Live, Oral, Pentavalent, Merck & Co., Inc.). RotaTeq, an oral vaccine, is uniquely designed to contain five human-bovine reassortant rotavirus strains expressing the human serotypes G1, G2, G3, G4, and P1A[8], which represent the most common human rotavirus serotypes responsible for ∼85% of RVGE worldwide. The development required novel solutions for manufacturing, testing, and formulation for each of the reassortants. In one of the largest vaccine clinical trials conducted, the vaccine was shown to be well tolerated and highly efficacious against severe RVGE. Efficacy has also been demonstrated in lower-income countries. In large U.S. postlicensure studies, there have been no safety signals identified, and RotaTeq has had a significant impact on reducing RVGE and its associated medical costs since licensure in 2006.
Synthesis and Claisen rearrangement of alkoxyallyl enol ethers. Evidence for a dipolar transition state (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Claisen rearrangement of alkoxyallyl enol ethers. Evidence for a dipolar transition stateRobert M. Coates, Brian D. Rogers, Steven J. Hobbs, Dennis P. Curran, and David R. PeckCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 4, 1160–1170Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00238a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00238a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1736Altmetric-Citations157LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Rate of the Photoelectrochemical Generation of Hydrogen at p‐Type Semiconductors (1977)

The current-potential relations with and without illumination, quantum efficiency-wavelength relations at several potentials, the flatband potentials, the transient behavior, and the stability of seven p-type semiconductors, i.e., ZnTe, CdTe, GaAs, InP, GaP, SiC, and Si, have been measured in 1N NaOH and 1N H2SO4. The position of the photocurrent-potential relations are related to the flatband potential and the energy gap of the semiconductor. The existence of the maximum in quantum efficiency-wavelength relation is analyzed by considering surface recombination. The stability and the transient behavior are analyzed.
Automatic delay calibration method for multi-channel CMOS formatter (2005)

This work describes the technique used for automatically calibrating vernier delay steps in Credence CMOS formatter-RIC/DICMOS. Embedded within the timing generation IC, RIC/DICMOS provides formatted levels and internal strobe markers for eight independent pin-electronics channels at up to 800 Mbps with +/-81 ps accuracy. Utilizing the on-chip, run-time auto-calibration circuit, all eight RIC/DICMOS vernier channels can be calibrated in parallel nearly 500 times faster than the prior generation formatters. Furthermore, the same calibration circuit can also provide 16-bit time-period or frequency counts for up to eight independent off-chip signals.
N-doped GeTe as performance booster for embedded Phase-Change Memories (2010)

The commercialization of Phase-Change Memories (PCM), based on the well-known GST compound, have been recently started, tailored for consumer applications. Despite other excellent performances (i.e. low-power, scalability,...), data retention is assured up to 85°C, still limited for the automotive market segment. Alternative active material able to comply with the stringent requirements of automotive applications should possibly exhibit higher crystallization temperature (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</sub> ) as well as higher Activation Energy (E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</sub> ) with respect to GST. Recent literature shows that GeTe provides better retention, while several works put in evidence how data retention is enhanced by inclusions in pure host alloys.
Effect on carbon lengthening at the side chain terminal of 1.ALPHA.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 for calcium regulating activity. (1990)

A series of analogs of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3 (1)] with alkyl substitutions in 26- and 27-positions have been tested for their activity 1) in competing with 1,25-(OH)2D3 for binding to chick intestinal cytosol receptor, 2) in ability for formation of multinucleated cells (MNC) with various osteoclastic cell characteristics from blast cells, and 3) in stimulating bone calcium mobilization in vitamin D-deficient rats. The relative potencies of 1,25-(OH)2D3, 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-26,27-dimethylvitamin D3 (2), 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-26,27-diethylvitamin D3 (3), and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-26,27-dipropylvitamin D3 (4) in competing for intestinal cytosolic binding were 1:1.1:0.25:0.05. The similar order of the abilities on formation of the multinucleated cells in the same series was observed. In a bone calcium mobilization test with vitamin D-deficient rats, 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-26,27-dimethylvitamin D3 showed slightly less activity than 1,25-(OH)2D3 at 12 h after administration, but long lasting activity was observed during time course experiments. 1 alpha,25-Dihydroxy-26,27-diethylvitamin D3, and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-26,27-dipropylvitamin D3 were found to be much less active than 1,25-(OH)2D3 in a bone calcium mobilization test.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Breast: Opportunities to Improve Breast Cancer Management (2005)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a relatively recent diagnostic tool for the breast, and the role of MRI in breast cancer management is evolving. As an adjunct to mammography and ultrasound, MRI can be a valuable addition to the work-up of a breast abnormality or biopsy-proven cancer. MRI has the advantages of providing a three-dimensional view of the breast, performing with high sensitivity in dense breast tissue and using non-ionizing radiation. MRI has significant disadvantages as well, including its high cost, variability in performance, and moderate specificity that, in combination with high sensitivity, often leads to unnecessary work-up. AsMRI findswider use, there is concern among clinicians that itmay lead tomoreaggressive treatments forbreast cancerwithout necessarily improving patient outcomes. MRI may be oversensitive, revealing noninvasive disease that may never progress, or residual disease that would be effectively treated by radiation. MRI also adds considerablecost topatient care.However, it is possible that judicious use of MRI could lead to changes in practice patterns that have been adopted based on outcomes using current methods for detecting and staging breast cancer. Many standards of care are applied broadly to groups of patients, although it is known that they benefit only a subset. The high sensitivity ofMRImay allow breast cancers to be characterized more precisely such that less invasive and better-tailored treatment options, including watchful waiting, can be used. This review discusses the current clinical applications for breast MRI and emerging areas where MRI has the potential to change and improve breast cancer management.
Astn2, A Novel Member of the Astrotactin Gene Family, Regulates the Trafficking of ASTN1 during Glial-Guided Neuronal Migration (2010)

Glial-guided neuronal migration is a key step in the development of laminar architecture of cortical regions of the mammalian brain. We previously reported that neuronal protein astrotactin (ASTN1) functions as a neuron-glial ligand during CNS glial-guided migration. Here, we identify a new Astn family member, Astn2, that is expressed at high levels in migrating, cerebellar granule neurons, along with Astn1, at developmental stages when glial-guided migration is ongoing. Biochemical and flow cytometry experiments show that ASTN2 forms a complex with ASTN1 and regulates surface expression of ASTN1. Live imaging of Venus-tagged ASTN1 in migrating cerebellar granule cells reveals the intracellular trafficking of ASTN1-Venus, with ASTN1-Venus accumulating in the forward aspect of the leading process where new sites of adhesion will form. Treatment of migrating neurons with Dynasore, a soluble noncompetitive inhibitor of Dynamin, rapidly arrests the migration of immature granule cells in a reversible manner, suggesting the critical importance of receptor trafficking to neuronal locomotion along Bergmann glial fibers in the developing cerebellum. Together, these findings suggest that ASTN2 regulates the levels of ASTN1 in the plasma membrane and that the release of neuronal adhesions to the glial fiber during neuronal locomotion involves the intracellular trafficking of ASTN1.
A Framework of Scientific Workflow Management Systems for Multi-tenant Cloud Orchestration Environment (2010)

The volumetric growth of data complexity is increasing day by day. The computational world is becoming massive and needs scalable and efficient systems. Data management is an important stage to accelerate the petabytes processing. Such environment requires scientific work flows to compose and manage those volumetric data sets. Scientific Workflow is different than general workflow. It deals with scheduling, algorithms, data flow, process, operational procedures and specially data intensive systems. The popularity of Software as a Service (SaaS) is due to the feature of multi-tenancy. The study of scientific workflow in the context of multi-tenant cloud orchestration environment provides control flow, data flow, and new requirements of system development and discovery of new services. We explore a framework of scientific workflow for multi-tenant cloud orchestration environment that deals with semantic-based workflow as well as policy-based workflow.