gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase (1996)

Bovine endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) expressed in Escherichia coli does not have the post-translational modifications found in the native enzyme and is free of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). In the presence of BH4, eNOS has an absorption maximum at 400 nm that shifts to 395 nm when the substrate L-arginine is added. The low-spin component of the spectrum of the BH4-free protein is decreased by the addition of BH4 without a corresponding increase in the high-spin component. Addition of BH4 decreases the low-spin population of eNOS even in the presence of excess L-arginine. These results indicate that BH4 directly modulates the heme environment. BH4-free eNOS is completely inactive, but catalytic activity is recovered when BH4 (EC50 approximately 200 nM) is added. The spectroscopically determined binding constants for L-arginine are approximately 1.9 microM in the presence and approximately 4.0 microM in the absence of BH4. The BH4-supplemented enzyme has an activity of 90-120 nmol of citrulline.min-1.mg-1 and Km values of 3 and 14 microM for L-arginine and N-hydroxy-L-arginine, respectively. Of particular interest is the finding by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis that BH4-free eNOS exists in a monomer-dimer equilibrium very similar to that observed with the BH4-reconstituted protein. Addition of BH4, increases the percent of the dimer by only approximately 5%. The results establish that BH4 influences the heme environment and stabilizes the protein with respect to heme loss but is not required for dimer formation.
Nd-glass thin-film waveguide: An active medium for Nd thin-film laser (1976)

We report the optical properties, fluorescence lifetime, and method of fabrication of very low-loss and high-optical-quality Nd-glass thin films. Substantial optical gain due to stimulated emission in such thin films is obtained.
The Induction of Cytolytic T Lymphocytes with Specificity for <i>p</i>-Azophenylarsonate Coupled Syngeneic Cells (1978)

Conditions are described for diazonium linkage of the hapten p-azophenylarsonate (Ar) to mouse lymphocytes for the purpose of induction of syngeneic cytolytic T lymphocytes. These cytolytic effector cells do not lyse target cells that are coupled with an unrelated hapten, trinitrophenyl. Cell lysis can be blocked by the addition of anti-Ar antiserum. Only those target cells that share H-2 K or D end antigens with the stimulating cell population are susceptible to lysis. Several methods were used in an attempt to demonstrate the presence of the Ar cross-reactive idiotype on CTL induced in A/J mice.
DCS: An Efficient Distributed-Certificate-Service Scheme for Vehicular Networks (2009)

In this paper, we propose an efficient distributed-certificate-service (DCS) scheme for vehicular networks. The proposed scheme offers flexible interoperability for certificate service in heterogeneous administrative authorities and an efficient way for any onboard units (OBUs) to update its certificate from the available infrastructure roadside units (RSUs) in a timely manner. In addition, the DCS scheme introduces an aggregate batch-verification technique for authenticating certificate-based signatures, which significantly decreases the verification overhead. Security analysis and performance evaluation demonstrate that the DCS scheme can reduce the complexity of certificate management and achieve excellent security and efficiency for vehicular communications.
Gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements and simulations for uranium mining (2018)

AREVA Mines and the Nuclear Measurement Laboratory of CEA Cadarache are collaborating to improve the sensitivity and precision of uranium concentration evaluation by means of gamma measurements. This paper reports gamma-ray spectra, recorded with a high-purity coaxial germanium detector, on standard cement blocks with increasing uranium content, and the corresponding MCNP simulations. The detailed MCNP model of the detector and experimental setup has been validated by calculation vs. experiment comparisons. An optimization of the detector MCNP model is presented in this paper, as well as a comparison of different nuclear data libraries to explain missing or exceeding peaks in the simulation. Energy shifts observed between the fluorescence X-rays produced by MCNP and atomic data are also investigated. The qualified numerical model will be used in further studies to develop new gamma spectroscopy approaches aiming at reducing acquisition times, especially for ore samples with low uranium content.
Image Restoration Subject to a Total Variation Constraint (2004)

Total variation has proven to be a valuable concept in connection with the recovery of images featuring piecewise smooth components. So far, however, it has been used exclusively as an objective to be minimized under constraints. In this paper, we propose an alternative formulation in which total variation is used as a constraint in a general convex programming framework. This approach places no limitation on the incorporation of additional constraints in the restoration process and the resulting optimization problem can be solved efficiently via block-iterative methods. Image denoising and deconvolution applications are demonstrated.
Matching of single-mode fibre to laser diode by microlenses at 1.5 µm wavelength (1994)

A theoretical and experimental comparison at 1.5 µm wavelength is made of the coupling efficiency between a laser diode and a single-mode fibre, on the end face of which a matching conical or hemispherical lens is formed. The same analysis applied to a hyperbolic microlens also gives good agreement with a recently published experimental result for this alternative matching lens.
Antifungal Drugs (1995)

IntroductionFungi have been recognized as pathogens for many years. However, the incidence of fungal infections in the pediatric population has increased substantially due to the increased use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, immunosuppressive agents, hyperalimentation products, and central venous catheters in addition to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. The physician involved with the care of children should know the agents effective against these pathogens (Table 1). Amphotericin B has a long history of both efficacy and toxicity because it was the only available systemic agent for many years. With the introduction of ketoconazole, fluconazole, and itraconazole over the past decade, the decision of which agent to use has become much more difficult. Clinical trials are underway to help answer these questions, but until these are completed, the clinician must weigh the risks and benefits of therapy for each patient individually.Amphotericin BBACKGROUNDAmphotericin B is entering its fourth decade as an antifungal agent. Since its introduction in the mid-1950s, it has been the cornerstone of management of systemic fungal infections. Even with the introduction of the azoles, it continues to be the treatment of choice for many conditions.CHEMISTRY, MECHANISM OF ACTIONStreptomyces nodosus, a soil actinomycete, is the source of the amphotericins A and B. Amphotericin B is the commercially available product, and it may contain a small amount (<5%) of amphotericin A.
Accuracy of 30 to 1000 MHz Open Site Acceptance Tests (1988)

In testing EMI radiation measuring sites simplified procedures valid for far field conditions are sometimes used in the inhomogeneous field experienced at short distances from the radiator. Theoretical and experimental errors which may result from such compromises are reviewed and possible ways for their reduction proposed.
The Use of a Novel Ferulic Acid Esterase from Lactobacillus acidophilus K1 for the Release of Phenolic Acids from Brewer's Spent Grain (2010)

In this work, an extracellular ferulic acid esterase was produced in bioreactor cultivations of Lactobacillus acidophilus K1 strain. The enzyme was partially purified using ultrafiltration (10 kDa), dialysis (4–6 kDa) and Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (Sepharose CM, Sephacryl S-300). A considerable increment of enzyme activity (31-fold) in the final preparation was achieved. Two distinct bands (approx. 21.5 kDa and 39 kDa) were obtained after SDS-PAGE. A high similarity of the purified enzyme (LC-MS/MS analysis) to tannase and ferulic acid esterase from Burkholderia ambifaria MEX-5 was obtained. The optimal pH and temperature for the enzyme activity were 6.3 and 37°C, respectively. The enzyme preparation effectively released phenolic acids (mainly ferulic and p-coumaric acid) from brewer's spent grain. This novel enzyme preparation can be used for the utilisation of a valuable and inexpensive by-product of the brewing industry.
Gold Nanoparticles Enhance DNA Damage Induced by Anti-cancer Drugs and Radiation (2009)

The chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin was chemically linked to pGEM-3Zf(-) plasmid DNA to produce a cisplatin-DNA complex, Gold nanoparticles, which bind electrostatically to pure DNA, could also be added to this complex. Dry films of pure plasmid DNA and DNA-cisplatin, DNA-gold nanoparticles and DNA-cisplatin-gold nanoparticles complexes were bombarded by 60 keV electrons. The yields of single- and double-strand breaks were measured as a function of exposure by electrophoresis. From a comparison of such yields from the different type of films, we found that the binding of only one gold nanoparticle to a plasmid-cisplatin complex containing 3197 base pairs increases by a factor of 3 the efficiency of the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin to produce double-strand breaks in irradiated DNA. Furthermore, adding two cisplatin molecules and one gold nanoparticle to DNA enhances radiation-induced DSBs by a factor of 7.5. A number of phenomena could contribute to this huge enhancement, including the higher density of low-energy electrons and reactive species around the gold nanoparticles and the weakening of bonds adjacent to cisplatin in the DNA backbone. The addition of gold nanoparticles to cisplatin and other platinum agents may therefore provide interesting avenues of research to improve the treatment of cancer by concomitant chemoradiation.
Lean angle estimation in two-wheeled vehicles with a reduced sensor configuration (2012)

Lean angle is a crucial variable in determining the dynamic behavior of two-wheeled vehicles. As such, its knowledge is needed to enhance active safety via traction, braking and stability control systems. To estimate the roll angle, this paper proposes a method that employs a reduced set of sensors with respect to existing solutions; namely, two accelerometers and a gyroscope are needed. Notably, it does not require the knowledge of the speed signal, which can be unavailable and/or affected by significant uncertainties when large accelerations/decelerations occur. The estimation performance are analyzed based on experimental data collected on a sport motorcycle at the Imola circuit.
Combination therapy with normobaric oxygen (NBO) plus thrombolysis in experimental ischemic stroke (2009)

NBO can be safely co-administered with tPA. The efficacy of tPA thrombolysis is not affected and there is no induction of brain hemorrhage or edema. These experimental results require clinical confirmation.
Subhalf-micron lithography system with phase-shifting effect (1992)

We propose in this paper a new imaging technology for the 64M DRAM, named "CQUEST” (Canon Ql/adrupole Effect for Stepper Technology). CQUEST is derived from the mathematical analysis of the partial coherence theory1. It can provide almost the same effects with conventional masks as those that result using phase shift masks. Therefore, it is a promising candidate for next generation lithography. Simulation and some experimental results will be shown to substantiate the above. As shown in the results, the 64M DRAM process can be achieved with the existing i-line technology.
Statistics Notes: Measurement error and correlation coefficients (1996)

Measurement error is the variation between measurements of the same quantity on the same individual.1 To quantify measurement error we need repeated measurements on several subjects. We have discussed the within-subject standard deviation as an index of measurement error,1 which we like as it has a simple clinical interpretation. Here we consider the use of correlation coefficients to quantify measurement error.

A common design for the investigation of measurement error is to take pairs of measurements on a group of subjects, as in table 1. When we have pairs of observations it is natural to plot one measurement against the other. The resulting scatter diagram (see figure 1 may tempt us to calculate a correlation coefficient between the first and second measurement. There are difficulties in interpreting this correlation coefficient. In general, the correlation between repeated measurements will depend on the variability between subjects. Samples containing subjects who differ greatly will produce larger correlation coefficients than will samples containing similar …
Thermal boundary conductance of transition metals on diamond (2012)

An experimental process that was used to obtain a direct measurement of thermal boundary conductance (TBC) between a diamond substrate and several transition metals, deposited by sputtering, is described. Using time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR), the critical parameters, for a proper interpretation of the results, are evaluated to be the laser spot size and the thickness of the metallic thin films. Values of TBC between Cu, Cr, Nb, Mo, W and diamond are presented and vary between 30 and 280 MW/m 2 /K. The adhesion of the layer to the substrate is seen to be critical to obtain a high TBC. Annealing in vacuum at temperatures up to 600°C does not significantly seem to change the results obtained. When diamond surface is oxygen plasma treated for better adhesion, the TBC between Cr and diamond is measured to be 325 MW/m 2 /K. This represents an 11-fold increase compared to untreated diamond.
Regulation of pancreas development by hedgehog signaling (2000)

Pancreas organogenesis is regulated by the interaction of distinct signaling pathways that promote or restrict morphogenesis and cell differentiation. Previous work has shown that activin, a TGF(beta+) signaling molecule, permits pancreas development by repressing expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh), a member of the hedgehog family of signaling molecules that antagonize pancreas development. Here we show that Indian hedgehog (Ihh), another hedgehog family member, and Patched 1 (Ptc1), a receptor and negative regulator of hedgehog activity, are expressed in pancreatic tissue. Targeted inactivation of Ihh in mice allows ectopic branching of ventral pancreatic tissue resulting in an annulus that encircles the duodenum, a phenotype frequently observed in humans suffering from a rare disorder known as annular pancreas. Shh(-)(/)(-) and Shh(-)(/)(-) Ihh(+/)(-) mutants have a threefold increase in pancreas mass, and a fourfold increase in pancreatic endocrine cell numbers. In contrast, mutations in Ptc1 reduce pancreas gene expression and impair glucose homeostasis. Thus, islet cell, pancreatic mass and pancreatic morphogenesis are regulated by hedgehog signaling molecules expressed within and adjacent to the embryonic pancreas. Defects in hedgehog signaling may lead to congenital pancreatic malformations and glucose intolerance.
Honokiol, a Multifunctional Antiangiogenic and Antitumor Agent (2009)

Honokiol is a small-molecule polyphenol isolated from the genus Magnolia. It is accompanied by other related polyphenols, including magnolol, with which it shares certain biologic properties. Recently, honokiol has been found to have antiangiogenic, antiinflammatory, and antitumor properties in preclinical models, without appreciable toxicity. These findings have increased interest in bringing honokiol to the clinic as a novel chemotherapeutic agent. In addition, mechanistic studies have tried to find the mechanism(s) of action of honokiol, for two major reasons. First, knowledge of the mechanisms of action may assist development of novel synthetic analogues. Second, mechanistic actions of honokiol may lead to rational combinations with conventional chemotherapy or radiation for enhanced response to systemic cancers. In this review, we describe the findings that honokiol has two major mechanisms of action. First, it blocks signaling in tumors with defective p53 function and activated ras by directly blocking the activation of phospholipase D by activated ras. Second, honokiol induces cyclophilin D, thus potentiating the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, and causing death in cells with wild-type p53. Knowledge of the dual activities of honokiol can assist with the development of honokiol derivatives and the design of clinical trials that will maximize the potential benefit of honokiol in the patient setting.
Expression of Human Epiregulin in E.coli. (2000)

Human epiregulin cDNA was amplified from the lung cancer cell line A549 using RT-PCR. After adding 6 His codon to its 3' end, it was cloned into a high efficient secretive Escherichia coli system with alkaline phosphatase promoter(phoA promoter)constructed in our lab and induced for expression. The product was purified one-step by Ni-NTA column. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed the identity of our product with that previously reported. The product showed strong proliferative effect on fibroblast cell line Balb/c3T3 and growth inhibitory effect on epithelial carcinoma cell line A431.
Reduction potentials of complex ions. The bis(2,6-pyridinedialdoxime)iron(III-II) system (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction potentials of complex ions. The bis(2,6-pyridinedialdoxime)iron(III-II) systemG. I. H. Hanania, M. S. Michailides, and D. H. IrvineCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1977, 81, 14, 1382–1387Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1977https://doi.org/10.1021/j100529a008RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (824 KB) Get e-Alerts
Key Reconciliation Protocols for Error Correction of Silicon PUF Responses (2017)

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are promising primitives for the lightweight authentication of an integrated circuit (IC). Indeed, by extracting an identifier from random process variations, they allow each instance of a design to be uniquely identified. However, the extracted identifiers are not stable enough to be used as is, and hence, need to be corrected first. This is currently achieved using error-correcting codes in secure sketches that generate helper data through a one-time procedure. As an alternative, we propose key reconciliation protocols. This interactive method, originating from quantum key distribution, allows two entities to correct errors in their respective correlated keys by discussing over a public channel. We believe that this can also be used by a device and a remote server to agree on two different responses to the same challenge from the same PUF obtained at different times. This approach has the advantage of requiring very few logic resources on the device side. The information leakage caused by the key reconciliation process is limited and easily computable. Results of implementation on field-programmable gate array (FPGA) targets are presented, showing that it is the most lightweight error-correction module to date.
In Vivo Radioprotection by Ocimum Flavonoids: Survival of Mice (1999)

Two flavonoids, orientin and vicenin, isolated from the leaves of the Indian plant Ocimum sanctum were tested for their radioprotective effect in mice. Both compounds provided protection against death from gastrointestinal syndrome as well as bone marrow syndrome when injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) before whole-body exposure to 11 Gy gamma radiation. The optimum drug dose for protection was 50 microg/kg body weight: An increase in the drug dose did not increase protection. No acute toxicity was observed at doses as high as 100 mg/kg body weight of either compound. Maximum protection was obtained when either compound was injected i.p. 30 min before irradiation. Changing the route of administration or the interval between drug injection (i.p.) and irradiation reduced protection. Drug treatment after irradiation was not very effective. Vicenin was slightly better than orientin in increasing survival at 30 days; protection by vicenin also lasted longer. Dose modification factors (DMFs) for the LD50 were 1.37 for vicenin and 1.30 for orientin. Radical scavenging activity has been demonstrated for both orientin and vicenin, and this appears to be one of the mechanisms of protection by these flavonoids.
Effect of the ingestion of a symbiotic yogurt on the bowel habits of women with functional constipation. (2008)

the consumption of a symbiotic yogurt by women with functional constipation showed a significant improvement in the parameters related with bowel evacuation. The use of this symbiotic food can result in a useful and safe tool for managing constipation.
Physics Informed Deep Learning (Part I): Data-driven Solutions of Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations (2017)

We introduce physics informed neural networks -- neural networks that are trained to solve supervised learning tasks while respecting any given law of physics described by general nonlinear partial differential equations. In this two part treatise, we present our developments in the context of solving two main classes of problems: data-driven solution and data-driven discovery of partial differential equations. Depending on the nature and arrangement of the available data, we devise two distinct classes of algorithms, namely continuous time and discrete time models. The resulting neural networks form a new class of data-efficient universal function approximators that naturally encode any underlying physical laws as prior information. In this first part, we demonstrate how these networks can be used to infer solutions to partial differential equations, and obtain physics-informed surrogate models that are fully differentiable with respect to all input coordinates and free parameters.