gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatial and Temporal Consistency-Aware Dynamic Adaptive Streaming for 360-Degree Videos (2019)

The 360-degree video allows users to enjoy the whole scene by interactively switching viewports. However, the huge data volume of the 360-degree video limits its remote applications via network. To provide high quality of experience (QoE) for remote web users, this paper presents a tile-based adaptive streaming method for 360-degree videos. First, we propose a simple yet effective rate adaptation algorithm to determine the requested bitrate for downloading the current video segment by considering the balance between the buffer length and video quality. Then, we propose to use a Gaussian model to predict the field of view at the beginning of each requested video segment. To deal with the circumstance that the view angle is switched during the display of a video segment, we propose to download all the tiles in the 360-degree video with different priorities based on a Zipf model. Finally, in order to allocate bitrates for all the tiles, a two-stage optimization algorithm is proposed to preserve the quality of tiles in FoV and guarantee the spatial and temporal smoothness. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed method compared with the state-of-the-art methods. That is, our method preserves both the quality and the smoothness of tiles in FoV, thus providing the best QoE for users.
The Nanochannel Delivery System for Constant Testosterone Replacement Therapy (2015)

In conclusion, we demonstrate that nDS-F1 implants represents a novel approach for the treatment of male hypogonadism. Further studies will be performed in view of translating the technology to clinical use.
Providing quality of service guarantee in Internet by a proxy method (2002)

Providing quality of service (QoS) support to TCP/IP applications is needed urgently for multimedia Internet. This paper proposes a new scheme which could offer QoS support to TCP/IP applications without rewriting legendary applications. It proposes the QoS proxy server scheme by providing a network architecture which could offer QoS support, giving the description of the method used in this scheme to identify flow and accommodate the identified flow by an appropriate ATM connection. It also gives the description of the structure of the QoS proxy server and the algorithm for bandwidth allocation. As this scheme is accomplished by a specially designed ATM edge device called QoS proxy server, and this server could work independently according to its own knowledge library without the need for signaling from hosts it serves, the legendary applications and hosts could keep intact.
How Capacity is Influenced by Ultra-dense LEO Topology in Multi-terminal Satellite Systems? (2020)

In this paper, we consider an uplink ultra-dense LEO-based multi-terminal satellite system where each ground terminal station connects to multiple satellites for data transmission. Benefited from the dense satellite constellation, high channel capacity can be achieved via the spatial diversity of multiple satellites. To evaluate the multi-satellite channel capacity performance, we first derive the lower bound and upper bound of the channel capacity in uplink LEO-based multi-terminal systems with multiple single-antenna satellites. Based on the capacity bounds, we theoretically prove that the capacity grows almost linearly with the number of satellites, and there exists an optimal LEO satellite distribution to achieve the maximum capacity of the system. We then illustrate that such statements also hold for the multi-antenna satellite case where the upper bound of the channel capacity and the lower bound of the achievable rate after receive beamforming are derived separately. Simulation results verify our theoretical analysis.
Incidence and Severity of Hand–Foot Syndrome in Colorectal Cancer Patients Treated with Capecitabine: A Single-Institution Experience (2002)

HFS is common in patients treated with capecitabine, and usually starts within the first two cycles of therapy.
Using quaternions to calculate RMSD (2004)

A widely used way to compare the structures of biomolecules or solid bodies is to translate and rotate one structure with respect to the other to minimize the root-mean-square deviation (RMSD). We present a simple derivation, based on quaternions, for the optimal solid body transformation (rotation-translation) that minimizes the RMSD between two sets of vectors. We prove that the quaternion method is equivalent to the well-known formula due to Kabsch. We analyze the various cases that may arise, and give a complete enumeration of the special cases in terms of the arrangement of the eigenvalues of a traceless, 4 x 4 symmetric matrix. A key result here is an expression for the gradient of the RMSD as a function of model parameters. This can be useful, for example, in finding the minimum energy path of a reaction using the elastic band methods or in optimizing model parameters to best fit a target structure.
Assessment of Testing Methods for Drug-Induced Repolarization Delay and Arrhythmias in an iPS Cell–Derived Cardiomyocyte Sheet: Multi-site Validation Study (2014)

A prospective comparison study across 3 independent research laboratories of a pure IKr blocker E-4031 was conducted by using the same batch of human iPS cell–derived cardiomyocytes in order to verify the utility and reliability of our original standard protocol. Field potential waveforms were recorded with a multi-electrode array system to measure the inter-spike interval and field potential duration. The effects of E-4031 at concentrations of 1 to 100 nM were sequentially examined every 10 min. In each facility, E-4031 significantly prolonged the field potential duration corrected by Fridericia’s formula and caused early afterdepolarizations occasionally resulting in triggered activities, whereas it tended to decrease the rate of spontaneous contraction. These results were qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with previous non-clinical in vitro and in vivo studies as well as clinical reports. There were inter-facility differences in some absolute values of the results, which were not observed when the values were normalized as percentage change. Information described in this paper may serve as a guide when predicting the drug-induced repolarization delay and arrhythmias with this new technology of stem cells.
A new upsampling method for mobile LiDAR data (2012)

We present a novel method to upsample mobile LiDAR data using panoramic images collected in urban environments. Our method differs from existing methods in the following aspects: First, we consider point visibility with respect to a given viewpoint, and use only visible points for interpolation; second, we present a multi-resolution depth map based visibility computation method; third, we present ray casting methods for upsampling mobile LiDAR data incorporating constraints from color information of spherical images. The experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Chromosomal translocations activating myc sequences and transduction of v-abl are critical events in the rapid induction of plasmacytomas by pristane and abelson virus. (1984)

Plasmacytomas with short latent periods can be induced in BALB/c mice by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 0.5 ml pristane followed 20-40 d later by an injection of Abelson virus. The karyotypes of 18 such tumors were determined; 10 of these had rcpt 12;15, 5 had rcpt 6;15 and 3 had no translocations, but two of these have been shown to have interstitial deletions of chromosome 15. The specific breakpoints were the same as described in pristane-induced plasmacytomas, i.e., at 15D2 /3, 6C2 , and 12F2 . Near diploid karyotypes and trisomy of chromosome 11 were frequently seen. All of the Abelson-plus-pristane-induced plasmacytomas (ABPC) were studied as transplanted tumors, contained integrated v- abl sequences, and actively transcribed v- abl mRNA. All but one of these tumors contained abundant myc RNA transcripts. The shortness of the latent periods of the ABPC suggests that the rcpt 12;15 and rcpt 6;15 occur soon after pristane administration and are present at the time Abelson virus is introduced. In this form of plasmacytomagenesis , activated v- abl genes appear to bypass other genetic changes that require a much longer period of time in pristane plasmacytomagenesis . Nonetheless, the consistent finding of chromosome-15 alterations and abundant myc expression in these plasmacytomas emphasize the apparent need for multiple events even in the genesis of some tumors induced by rapid transforming viruses.
Effect of Elicitation on Growth, Respiration, and Nutrient Uptake of Root and Cell Suspension Cultures of <i>Hyoscyamus</i> <i>muticus</i> (2002)

The elicitation of Hyoscyamus muticus root and cell suspension cultures by fungal elicitor from Rhizoctonia solani causes dramatic changes in respiration, nutrient yields, and growth. Cells and mature root tissues have similar specific oxygen uptake rates (SOUR) before and after the onset of the elicitation process. Cell suspension SOUR were 11 and 18 micromol O2/g FW x h for non-elicited control and elicited cultures, respectively. Mature root SOUR were 11 and 24 micromol O2/g FW x h for control and elicited tissue, respectively. Tissue growth is significantly reduced upon the addition of elicitor to these cultures. Inorganic yield remains fairly constant, whereas yield on sugar is reduced from 0.532 to 0.352 g dry biomass per g sugar for roots and 0.614 to 0.440 g dry biomass per g sugar for cells. This reduction in yield results from increased energy requirements for the defense response. Growth reduction is reflected in a reduction in root meristem (tip) SOUR, which decreased from 189 to 70 micromol O2/g FW x h upon elicitation. Therefore, despite the increase in total respiration, the maximum local oxygen fluxes are reduced as a result of the reduction in metabolic activity at the meristem. This distribution of oxygen uptake throughout the mature tissue could reduce mass transfer requirements during elicited production. However, this was not found to be the case for sesquiterpene elicitation, where production of lubimin and solavetivone were found to increase linearly up to oxygen partial pressures of 40% O2 in air. SOUR is shown to similarly increase in both bubble column and tubular reactors despite severe mass transfer limitations, suggesting the possibility of metabolically induced increases in tissue convective transport during elicitation.
Keratoprosthesis: a 12-year follow-up. (1977)

<p>A nonlinear magnetoresistance - called unidirectional spin-Hall magnetoresistance - is recently experimentally discovered in metallic bilayers consisting of a heavy metal and a ferromagnetic metal. To study the fundamental mechanism of unidirectional spin-Hall magnetoresistance (USMR), both ferromagnetic and heavy metallic layer thickness dependence of the USMR are presented in a Pt/Co/AlOx trilayer at room temperature. To avoid ambiguities, second harmonic Hall measurements are used for separating spin-Hall and thermal contributions to the non-linear magnetoresistance. The experimental results are fitted by using a drift-diffusion theory, with parameters extracted from an analysis of longitudinal resistivity of the Co layer within the framework of the Fuchs-Sondheimer model. A good agreement with the theory is found, demonstrating that the USMR is governed by both the spin-Hall effect in the heavy metallic layer and the metallic diffusion process in the ferromagnetic layer.</p>
A new coaxial needle for pre-operative localization of breast abnormalities (1991)

A new coaxial needle, containing a retractable anchoring wire with a helical tip, has been developed for purposes of mammographic and sonographic localization of non-palpable suspicious breast abnormalities before surgical excision. The helically shaped tip provides the needle with a number of potential advantages over other currently available localization needles. During in vitro comparisons with other needles quantitative and qualitative evidence was obtained to suggest that the new needle can be expected to have improved anchoring capability, be deflected less by tough fibrous tissue interfaces and be more visible sonographically. The anchoring wire can also be retracted and repositioned. Preliminary clinical experience with the needle was consistent with these expectations.
Design and use of a master manipulator for a micro-neurosurgical system based on motion analysis (2012)

At present, master and slave surgical assistant systems are being actively studied. However, most of the researches focus on the slave manipulator. It is very important to develop a suitable master manipulator in order to support a more comfortable surgical environment. It also could lead to an increase in the success rate of operations. In this research, a dedicated master manipulator was designed to improve the manipulability in robotic-assisted neurosurgery. This is done because the requirements to the neurosurgery such as workspace and precision are different from those of other surgeries. Therefore, the motion of neurosurgeons was first analysed. Then, this knowledge of motion was taken into account during designing phase. A link mechanism is proposed to ensure that the motion vector of the manipulator is analogous to that of the human hand. The experimental results validated that the manipulability was improved with the developed master manipulator.
Tracking of multiple people in crowds using laser range scanners (2014)

In everyday life, we can see amazing choreographies of movements of crowds of pedestrians. Pedestrians run into and avoid each other but do not seem to consciously cooperate. In this paper, we track a crowd of pedestrians in a large covered and cluttered area to understand their social behavior. Additionally, we try to analyze the characteristics of crowds of pedestrians such as traffic density, velocity, and trajectory. We introduce a stable feature extraction method based on accumulated distribution of successive laser frames. To isolate pedestrians, we propose a non-parametric method exploiting the Parzen windowing technique. We apply the new method of Rao-Blackwellized Monte Carlo data association to track a highly variable number of pedestrians. The algorithm is quantitatively evaluated through a social behavior experiment taking place in the lobby of a school. During this experiment, nearly 300 students are tracked.
How to Investigate and Prove Discrimination Based on Colour (1997)

In transcripts obtained by the New York Times, senior executives with Texaco Inc. are recorded on tapes referring to black employees as “black jelly beans” and using racial epithets. A federal jury in Richmond, Va. found that Circuit City Stores Inc. systematically discriminated against black employees in promotions in its corporate headquarters. Employees working for an Avis Rent A Car franchise stated on the CBS news programme 60 Minutes that they were told not to rent to blacks. Several black secret service agents responsible for protecting the President agreed in 1994 to a settlement to end a class action law suit against Denny's Restaurants for being refused service and racial discrimination.
Electrochemical biosensors for detection of avian influenza virus--current status and future trends. (2014)

Electrochemical biosensors have emerged as reliable analytical devices suitable for pathogen detection. Low cost, small sample requirement and possibility of miniaturization justifies their increasing development. Thus, we report in this review on the state of the art of avian influenza virus detection with genosensors and immunosensors working by an electrochemical mode. Their working principles focusing on the physical properties of the transducer, the immobilization chemistry, as well as new trends including incorporation of nanoparticles will be presented. Then, we critically review the detection of avian influenza virus in the complex matrices that use electrochemical biosensors and compare them with traditionally applied methods such as ELISA or Western blot.
Early identification of haemodynamic response to pharmacotherapy is essential for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in patients with ‘high‐risk’ varices (2009)

For primary prophylaxis, a beta-blocker is effective in 38% and addition of ISMN raises the response rate to about half of patients. The HVPG-guided 'a la carte' approach may be considered for these patients.
Large area, uniform silicon-on-insulator using a buried layer of oxidized porous silicon (1986)

We describe a process for the formation of silicon-on-insulator structures by selective anodization of a buried p-type layer to form porous silicon which is then oxidized. A buried n-type layer ensures that the flow of the anodizing current, and hence the formation of the porous silicon layer, is directed laterally rather than downwards. By this means we have produced defect-free, 200-nm-thick and 40-μm-wide silicon strips extending across the full width of device wafers and resting on 800 nm of silicon dioxide. This approach, which shows considerable promise for further enhancement, gives continuous large areas of high quality isolated silicon with minimal wafer warpage compared with most existing silicon-on-silicon dioxide technologies.
OPTIMIZATION OF CYCLOSPORINE THERAPY IN RENAL TRANSPLANTATION BY A PHARMACOKINETIC STRATEGY (1988)

Although cyclosporine (CsA) displays high immunosuppressive efficacy due to potent selective inhibition of T cell, but not nonspecific, immune functions, the pleiotropic toxicities of the drug result in a low therapeutic index. Thus for a given individual there is at best only a narrow dosage range producing immunosuppression not beclouded by toxicity. Selection of the appropriate CsA dose to achieve this state is complicated by marked inter- and intraindividual variability in drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (1). Even considering renal transplant recipients solely, pharmacokinetic variations in drug absorption, volume of distribution, and metabolism as estimated by clearance rates are so great that strategies based on median population values are not useful for a great proportion of patients. Thus it is necessary to devise a CsA strategy that tailors therapy to compensate for interindividual variations. Implementation of such a strategy not only standardizes drug therapy, but also reveals the clinical impact of interindividual differences in the profile of CsA metabolites and in pharmacodynamic effects of a given quantity of CsA, reflecting both the therapeutic actions on the immune system and toxic effects on target organs. Thus a dosing strategy that achieves uniform drug levels by compensating for pharmacokinetic variation is essential for the eventual dissection of a rational CsA regimen.
Improvement of carbon fiber/PEEK hybrid fabric composites using plasma treatment (1997)

Abstract A carbon fiber (CF)/polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composite was manufactured using hybrid fabrics composed of CF and PEEK fiber. The fiber/matrix interface was modified by low temperature oxygen plasma treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (FTIR‐ATR) were used to relate the roughness and the functionality of the CF surface with the interfacial adhesion strength of the CF/PEEK composite. Scanning electron micrographs showed that plasma treatment increased the roughness of the CF surface up to 3 min of plasma treatment time; and prolonged treatment resulted in overall smoothing. XPS results confirmed that increasing treatment time marginally increased surface functionality: treatment for more than 5 min decreased the surface functionality by removing the active site of the CF surface. In addition, flexural strength and interlaminarshear strength (ILSS) of the CF/PEEK composite were measured. Their maximum values were observed at 3 min of plasma treatment time as a result of surface roughening by plasma etching. The SEM results were correlated with mechanical properties of the CF/PEEK composite.
Using the Fisher kernel method to detect remote protein homologies. (1999)

A new method, called the Fisher kernel method, for detecting remote protein homologies is introduced and shown to perform well in classifying protein domains by SCOP superfamily. The method is a variant of support vector machines using a new kernel function. The kernel function is derived from a hidden Markov model. The general approach of combining generative models like HMMs with discriminative methods such as support vector machines may have applications in other areas of biosequence analysis as well.
Precision spectral sculpting for narrow-band amplification of broadband frequency-modulated pulses (2002)

Amplification of broadband frequency-modulated (FM) pulses in high-efficiency materials such as ytterbium-doped strontium fluorapatite results in significant gain narrowing, leading to reduced on-target bandwidths for beam smoothing and to conversion from frequency modulation to amplitude modulation (AM). To compensate for these effects, we have applied precision spectral sculpting, requiring both amplitude and phase shaping, to the amplification of broadband FM pulses in narrow-band gain media. We have demonstrated sculpting for centerline small-signal gains of 10(4), producing amplified pulses that have both sufficient bandwidths for on-target beam smoothing and temporal profiles that have no potentially damaging AM.
A mobile system for emergency health care provision via telematics support-"AMBULANCE" (2002)

Recent studies conclude that early and specialized prehospital management contributes to emergency case survival. Ambulance personnel, who usually are the first to handle emergency situations, do not have the required theoretical knowledge and experience. Financial and practical reasons do not allow the participation of specialized physicians on ambulance vehicles. Within the framework of the health telematics programme, we have developed a portable medical device that allows telediagnosis, long distance support and teleconsultation of mobile health care providers by specialized physicians. The device allows the transmission of vital biosignals and still images of the patient from the incident place to the hospital. The transmission is performed through the GSM mobile telephony network. The device can telematically "bring" a specialist doctor to the site of the medical emergency, allow him to evaluate patient data and issue directions to the emergency personnel on treatment procedures until the patient is brought to hospital. Due to the need for storing and archiving data being interchanged during the telemedicine sessions, we have equipped the consultation site with a multimedia database able to store and manage the data collected by the "AMBULANCE" system. The performance of the system has been validated in four different countries using a controlled medical protocol.
Can an enzyme cofactor be a factor in malignant progression? (2010)

Commentary to: Hypoxia induced up-regulation and function of the thiamine transporter, SLC19A3 in a breast cancer cell line Rebecca Sweet, Amber Paul and Jason Zastre