gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autism-Associated Gene Expression in Peripheral Leucocytes Commonly Observed between Subjects with Autism and Healthy Women Having Autistic Children (2011)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder which has complex pathobiology with profound influences of genetic factors in its development. Although the numerous autism susceptible genes were identified, the etiology of autism is not fully explained. Using DNA microarray, we examined gene expression profiling in peripheral blood from 21 individuals in each of the four groups; young adults with ASD, age-and gender-matched healthy subjects (ASD control), healthy mothers having children with ASD (asdMO), and asdMO control. There was no blood relationship between ASD and asdMO. Comparing the ASD group with control, 19 genes were found to be significantly changed. These genes were mainly involved in cell morphology, cellular assembly and organization, and nerve system development and function. In addition, the asdMO group possessed a unique gene expression signature shown as significant alterations of protein synthesis despite of their nonautistic diagnostic status. Moreover, an ASD-associated gene expression signature was commonly observed in both individuals with ASD and asdMO. This unique gene expression profiling detected in peripheral leukocytes from affected subjects with ASD and unaffected mothers having ASD children suggest that a genetic predisposition to ASD may be detectable even in peripheral cells. Altered expression of several autism candidate genes such as FMR-1 and MECP2, could be detected in leukocytes. Taken together, these findings suggest that the ASD-associated genes identified in leukocytes are informative to explore the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental background of ASD and might become potential tools to assess the crucial factors related to the clinical onset of the disorder.
Clinical experience of sex determination by fluorescent in-situ hybridization for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (1999)

In our centre we started using fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) technique for sexing in couples with sex-linked diseases in May 1995. Probes specific for chromosomes X, Y and 18 were applied, allowing us to detect simultaneously both gender and ploidy status. The efficiency of the FISH procedure is 90.4% per biopsied blastomere or 95.2% per biopsied blastomere with a distinct nucleus visible at spreading. Up to December 1997, we treated 15 couples (20 treatment cycles) at risk for X-linked recessive disease and two couples with Yq deletion (two treatment cycles) with the aim of transferring only female embryos. In one cycle, no embryos suitable for biopsy were obtained and in five cycles no normal female embryos were available at diagnosis. In the remaining 16 cycles, transfer was possible and six pregnancies ensued: one miscarriage has occurred and six children have been born from the other five pregnancies. The implantation rate (fetal sacs) per transferred embryo was 20.8%. In 98 (61%) of the 161 diagnosed embryos, a diploid status was observed in one or in both biopsied blastomeres. In 10 out of the 161 (6.2%) embryos a heterogeneity among the two biopsied blastomeres was found: a diploid nucleus in one blastomere and a non-diploid pattern or binuclear status in the other. In the remaining 53 (32.9%) out of 161 diagnosed embryos, the biopsied blastomeres were abnormal. The embryos that were not transferred or frozen were further analysed. When two sex chromosomes and two autosomes were present in the biopsied blastomere, the sex determination of the biopsied blastomere was never in conflict with the sex determination in the rest of the embryo. Furthermore, if the biopsied cell was diagnosed as abnormal (triploid, aneuploid, chaotic) the embryo was indeed completely abnormal or at least mosaic. A FISH error could not be excluded in two embryos (1.2%); however, a wrong gender determination did not result from this.
Channel-Compatible 6-MHz HDTV Distribution Systems (1989)

A new TV distribution that uses receiver technology deemed practical in the near future and that is intended to achieve the highest possible image quality within a given channel capacity is proposed. This system is designed to be used immediately for controlled-access systems such as cable. It is also suitable for eventual broadcasting use in a two-stage strategy in which an intermediate backward-compatible system is the first stage. Applications to FM, recording, and digital transmission are described. The efficiency of analog channel utilization is improved over NTSC by the use of double sideband quadrature modulation of two 3-MHz signals on a single carrier in the center of the band and by elimination of the retrace intervals and sound carrier. Higher perceived quality for a given transmission rate is achieved by dividing the signal into components according to both spatial and temporal frequency and transmitting the appropriate combination of components according to the degree of motion in each scene. A “smart,” programmable, openarchitecture receiver is proposed capable of decoding a wide variety of signal formats and displaying the image at higher line and frame rates than transmitted. Such a receiver can also display the backward-compatible extended-definition television (EDTV) system described in a companion paper by A. B. Lippman et al. in this issue, and it can be upgraded over time by virtue of its programmability and by adding hardware and software modules.
Problems (1983)

F. Lee Cook, Armel Mercier, Gengzhe Chang, Leslie V. Glickman, Sanjukta Hota, Kathy Williams, Aron Pinker, T. Y. Chow, Julio Castineira, L. P. S. Singh, Robert S. Stacy, Joseph Wiener, Robert E. Shafer, Chico Problem Group, Charles W. Trigg, Rick Marks, V. N. Murty, Kee-wai Lau, Bob Prielipp, Problems, The Two-Year College Mathematics Journal, Vol. 14, No. 4 (Sep., 1983), pp. 352-359
Regulation of mesangial cell growth by polypeptide mitogens. Inhibitory role of transforming growth factor beta. (1989)

Proliferation of mesangial cells is a common histologic abnormality in glomerular diseases. In vivo studies suggest a role for platelets and monocytes-macrophages in mediating glomerular hypercellularity. The authors recently reported that several peptide growth factors stimulate DNA synthesis and growth of human mesangial cells. This article reports that transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), a peptide released by inflammatory cells and platelets, inhibits DNA synthesis and growth of human mesangial cells. The stimulatory and inhibitory effects of these mitogens on DNA synthesis and growth was confirmed by autoradiography and cell counting. The inhibitory effect of TGF-beta is not mediated at the receptor level because TGF-beta did not inhibit the binding of epidermal growth factor (EGF) or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) to mesangial cells. Because peptide growth factors that stimulate DNA synthesis in mesangial cells induce expression of PDGF mRNAs, the effect of TGF-beta on PDGF mRNAs expression induced by peptide growth factors was studied. TGF-beta did not lower the increased levels of PDGF mRNAs caused by EGF or PDGF. These data show that TGF-beta is a potent inhibitor of DNA synthesis and growth of mesangial cells. The mechanism of the inhibitory effect of TGF-beta remains to be determined.
The Sorting Route of Cytochrome b 2Branches from the General Mitochondrial Import Pathway at the Preprotein Translocase of the Inner Membrane (1997)

Cytochrome b2 is synthesized in the cytosol with a bipartite presequence. The first part of the presequence targets the protein to mitochondria and mediates translocation into the mitochondrial matrix compartment; the second part contains the sorting signal that is required for delivery of the protein to the intermembrane space. The localization of the structures that recognize the sorting signal is unclear. Here we show that upon import in vivo, the sorting signal of cytochrome b2 causes an early divergence from the general matrix import pathway and thereby prevents translocation of a folded C-terminal domain into mitochondria. By co-immunoprecipitations we find that translocation intermediates of cytochrome b2 are associated with Tim23, a component of the inner membrane protein import machinery. Cytochrome b2 constructs with an alteration in the sorting signal are mistargeted to the matrix of wild-type mitochondria. In mitochondria containing a mutant form of Tim23, however, the translocation of the altered sorting signal across the inner membrane is inhibited, and cytochrome b2 is correctly sorted to the intermembrane space. We suggest that the sorting signal of cytochrome b2 is recognized within the inner membrane in close vicinity to Tim23.
Microsurgery (1966)

This review of microsurgery considers the current status of both experimental and clinical uses of microsurgery in the fields of otolaryngology, ophthalmology, gynecology, the central and peripheral nervous systems, the vascular system and transplantation. A report of studies on the microcirculation of blood vessels and nerves demonstrated the usefulness of mignification for research studies and emphasized certain factors which could be significant in selecting the best techniques for repairing nerves and blood vessels. Techniques of repair are included, for they have been changed on the basis of experimental studies. Consideration has been given to the advantages of magnification in identification and removal of tumors and vascular anomalies. A report on the use of microtechniques for repairing fallopian tubes is included. It provides a basis for reviewing the problems associated with the repair of small tubes and ducts. The need for microtechniques should increase as medical progress calls for greater precision for the fields of reparative, reimplantation and transplantation surgery.
MARC Development (1973)

The paper began with the announcement that the MARC Project, as set up in 1967, was now formally finished. The final report had been written and submitted to OSTI. The original terms of reference of the Project, which were to ‘test the feasibility of creating and using machine‐readable catalogue records’, had long been out of date. It was time to begin to regard MARC as just another service in a stable of bibliographic services.
The mechanisms of the rearrangements of allylic hydroperoxides (1988)

The suprafacial rearrangement of 3β-hydroxy-5α-hydroperoxy-Δ6-cholestene to the 7α-hydroperoxy-Δ5 isomer does not involve exchange of O2 with the atmosphere, suggesting that it proceeds by a non-dissociative mechanism; on the other hand, the slower subsequent rearrangement of the 7α-Δ5-hydroperoxide to the 7β-Δ5-hydroperoxide is susceptible to exchange, and follows a dissociative mechanism.
AlGaN Based UV Light Emitting Diodes (2003)

Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text S. Denbaars, A. Hanlon, T. m. Katona, M. Pattison, J. Kaeding, R. Sharma, M. C. Schmidt, T. Margalith, C. Moe, and S. Nakamura, "AlGaN Based UV Light Emitting Diodes," in Integrated Photonics Research, A. Sawchuk, ed., Vol. 91 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 2003), paper IMF3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Evidence based treatment of hemorrhoids (2008)

A number of different hemorrhoids' treatment modalities were introduced and discussed during last two decades. Different level of evidence supports one or another approach and new data emerge constantly. Decision to apply particular method of treatment force clinicians to make thorough judgment. The article presents the newest data about different aspects of hemorrhoids management focusing on proof of efficacy.
Diastereoselective Diels−Alder Reactions of <i>N</i>-Sulfonyl-1-aza-1,3-butadienes with Optically Active Enol Ethers:  An Asymmetric Variant of the 1-Azadiene Diels−Alder Reaction (2006)

The first detailed study of a room-temperature asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction of N-sulfonyl-1-aza-1,3-butadienes is reported enlisting a series of 19 enol ethers bearing chiral auxiliaries, with many providing highly diastereoselective (endo and facial diastereoselection) reactions, largely the result of an exquisitely organized [4+2] cycloaddition transition state. Three new, readily accessible, and previously unexplored auxiliaries rationally emerged from the studies and provide remarkable selectivities (two of these give 49:1 endo:exo and 48:1 facial selectivity) that promise to be useful in systems beyond those detailed.
Optimization of fermentation conditions for the expression of sweet-tasting protein brazzein in Lactococcus lactis (2008)

Optimized growth conditions could be used in application of brazzein expression in L. lactis. The importance of pH and OD at induction contributes to the body of knowledge of optimal recombinant protein expression in L. lactis. The new assay for brazzein quantification was introduced.
Design of series input parallel output interleaved flyback converter for 75W AC-DC adapter (2012)

In this paper, a series input parallel output (SIPO) interleaved flyback converter for 75W AC-DC adapter is designed by three methods. To improve the efficiency of the SIPO interleaved flyback converter, discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) with valley switching technique is applied to reduce the switching loss at high line, and continuous conduction mode (CCM) is applied to reduce the conduction loss at low line. Since the input voltage is divided by the series input structure, the main switch can use the low voltage-rated switch. In addition, the small size of output-filter can be used by the interleaving operation. Therefore, the SIPO interleaved flyback converter with DCM at high line and CCM at low line, achieves high efficiency and high power density for the low-cost 75W (15V–5A) AC-DC laptop adapter application.
A Functional Architecture for Autonomous Driving (2015)

As the Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) of self-driving vehicles increase, it is necessary to investigate the Electrical/Electronic(E/E) system architectures for autonomous driving, beyond proof-of-concept prototypes. Relevant patterns and anti-patterns need to be raised into debate and documented. This paper presents the principal components needed in a functional architecture for autonomous driving, along with reasoning for how they should be distributed across the architecture. A functional architecture integrating all the concepts and reasoning is also presented.
High performance communication using a commodity network for cluster systems (2002)

Proposes a scheme to realize a high-performance communication facility using a commodity network. This scheme does not require any special hardware or hardware-specific device drivers in order to adapt to many kinds of network interface cards (NICs). In this scheme, a reliable lightweight network protocol is handled directly on a data link layer called by a network device driver. An interrupt reaping technique is proposed to eliminate the hardware interrupt overhead when an application waits for a message. PM/Ethernet, an instance of the scheme, is implemented on Linux with minimal modification to the Linux kernel, and existing network device drivers are used without any modification. Using Pentium III 500-MHz PCs on Packet Engine's G-NIC II Gigabit Ethernet NIC, it achieves 77.5 MB/s bandwidth and 37.6 /spl mu/s round-trip time latency compared to that of TCP/IP, which achieves 46.7 MB/s bandwidth and 89.6 /spl mu/s round-trip time latency. The NAS parallel benchmark IS results show that MPI on PM/Ethernet achieves 75% better performance than MPI on TCP/IP and is 7.8% slower than that of MPI on Myrinet PM.
Accelerometer-assisted PPG Measurement During Physical Exercise Using the LAVIMO Sensor System (2012)

A method is presented for long-term monitoring of vital signs tested during physical exercise. The system is based on reflective photoplethysmography (PPG), whose main component is a micro-optoelectronic sensor. The sensor is sealed within a biocompatible otoplastic housing so that it can be placed in the external auditory canal. The electronic device has a Bluetooth connection which enables to record/visualize the PPG signal on a personal computer or SmartPhone. This technology was tested indoors with a subject running on a treadmill at different speeds. The PPG signal was recorded together with an ECG used as a reference, and with an accelerometer to monitor and record motor activity. Theaccelerometer data were later used to reduce motion artifacts in the PPG signal. The results show that the system has potential to monitor cardiac activity at moderate speed (up to 4 km/h), but with increasing speed (i.e. running) the motion artifacts dominate the PPG. Therefore, additional studies on signal processing are needed to actively reduce motion artifacts, including the accelerometer data.
Parallel Processing in a Restructurable Computer System (1963)

Pragmatic problem studies predict gains in computation speeds in a variety of computational tasks when executed on appropriate problem-oriented configurations of the variable structure computer. The economic feasibility of the system is based on utilization of essentially the same hardware in a variety of special purpose structures. This capability is achieved by programmed or physical restructuring of a part of the hardware. Existence of important classes of problems which the variable structure computer system promises to render practically computable, as well as use of the system for experiments in computer organization and for evaluation of new circuits and devices warrant construction of a variable structure computer. This paper describes the organization, programming, and hardware of a variable structure computer system presently under construction at UCLA.
A Study of pH Dependence in the Decarboxylation of p-Hydroxycinnamic Acid<sup>1</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Study of pH Dependence in the Decarboxylation of p-Hydroxycinnamic Acid1Louis A. Cohen and William M. JonesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 8, 1907–1911Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01493a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01493a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views594Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Radiative efficiency of state‐of‐the‐art photovoltaic cells (2011)

ABSTRACT Maximum possible photovoltaic performance is reached when solar cells are 100% radiatively efficient, with different photovoltaic technologies at different stages in their evolution towards this ideal. An external radiative efficiency is defined, which can be unambiguously determined from standard cell efficiency measurements. Comparisons between state‐of‐the‐art devices from the representative cell technologies produce some interesting conclusions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
P. J. Schraeder, Djibouti. World Bibliographical Series, Oxford; Clio Press, 1991, 280 pp., £38.00, ISBN 1 85109 084 3. (1992)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
A Single Stranded DNA-Binding Protein, ssCRE-BP/Purα, in Rat Lung and Its Increase in Allergic Airway Inflammation (1998)

ssCRE-BP/Pur alpha is a single stranded DNA-binding protein and may be involved in gene replication and transcription and in the development of morphine dependence. We found a ssCRE-BP/Pur alpha (45 kDa) in rat lung that was larger than those (40 kDa) identified in rat and mouse brains and mouse lung. Immunohistochemistry showed that ssCRE-BP/Pur alpha is primarily distributed in the lung epithelium. As allergic inflammation induces various gene expressions, we investigated the changes of Pur alpha during airway inflammation. Ovalbumin-sensitized rats were used for inducing allergic airway inflammation. The expression and DNA-binding activity of 45-kDa ssCRE-BP/Pur alpha were significantly increased in the sensitized rat lungs 24 hr after antigen challenge, but not in those of rats nonsensitized or sensitized with ovalbumin and challenged with saline. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization demonstrated that the vascular endothelial cells and numerous infiltrated eosinophils around the airways were stained with anti-Pur alpha antibody. These data suggest that rat lung and the eosinophils contain a 45-kDa ssCRE-BP/Pur alpha that is increased when airway inflammation occurs.
Embryonic development is disrupted by modest increases in vascular endothelial growth factor gene expression (2000)

Previous work has shown that heterozygocity for a null mutation of the VEGF-A gene, resulting in a 50% reduction in VEGF-A expression, is embryonic lethal at embroyonic day (E) 9.5 in mice. We now show that two- to threefold overexpression of VEGF-A from its endogenous locus results in severe abnormalities in heart development and embryonic lethality at E12.5-E14. The mutant embryos displayed an attenuated compact layer of myocardium, overproduction of trabeculae, defective ventricular septation and abnormalities in remodeling of the outflow track of the heart. In addition, aberrant coronary development was characterized by formation of oversized epicardial vessels, apparently through vasculogenesis. We infer that embryonic survival requires a narrow window of VEGF-A expression.
Zebrafish Her8a Is Activated by Su(H)-Dependent Notch Signaling and Is Essential for the Inhibition of Neurogenesis (2011)

Understanding how diversity of neural cells is generated is one of the main tasks of developmental biology. The Hairy/E(spl) family members are potential targets of Notch signaling, which has been shown to be fundamental to neural cell maintenance, cell fate decisions, and compartment boundary formation. However, their response to Notch signaling and their roles in neurogenesis are still not fully understood. In the present study, we isolated a zebrafish homologue of hairy/E(spl), her8a, and showed this gene is specifically expressed in the developing nervous system. her8a is positively regulated by Su(H)-dependent Notch signaling as revealed by a Notch-defective mutant and injection of variants of the Notch intracellular regulator, Su(H). Morpholino knockdown of Her8a resulted in upregulation of proneural and post-mitotic neuronal markers, indicating that Her8a is essential for the inhibition of neurogenesis. In addition, markers for glial precursors and mature glial cells were down-regulated in Her8a morphants, suggesting Her8a is required for gliogenesis. The role of Her8a and its response to Notch signaling is thus similar to mammalian HES1, however this is the converse of what is seen for the more closely related mammalian family member, HES6. This study not only provides further understanding of how the fundamental signaling pathway, Notch signaling, and its downstream genes mediate neural development and differentiation, but also reveals evolutionary diversity in the role of H/E(spl) genes.