gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Articles : Production of a Functional Mouse Interferon γ from Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2003)

The mouse interferon gene (MuIFN-γ) was cloned and then used to transform Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Expressed MuIFN-γ protein (MuIFN-γ) was successfully secreted into culture medium due to the presence of the signal peptide of rice amylase 1A. Two different promoters fused to MuIFN-γ were tested: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) promoter and a yeast hybrid ADH2-GPD (AG) promoter consisting of alcohol dehydrogenase II (ADH2) and GPD promoter. Using the hybrid promoter, the accumulation of MuIFN-γ transcript was the highest after 24 h cultivation, and then gradually decreased as the cultivation proceeded. However, both cell growth and recombinant MulFN-yproduction reached their peaks after the 4-day cultivation. It was possible to produce 6.5 mg/l of MuIFN-γ without any changes in cell growth. Using GPD promoter, the MuIFN-γ transcript accumulation and the recombinant MuIFN-γ production followed the same pattern as the cell growth. However, compared to that of the hybrid promoter, the production of recombinant MuIFN-γ was 0.2 mg/l. The secreted MuIFN-γ had estimated molecular masses of 21 kDa and 23 kDa, which were larger than that of the encoded size due to glycosylation. The protection assay against the viral infection indicated that the recombinant MuIFN-γ was bioactive.
Modeling of a Lithium-Ion Capacitor and Its Charging and Discharging Circuit in a Model-Based Design (2016)

For several years now, electric vehicles (EVs) have been expected to become widely available in the micro-mobility field. However, the insufficiency of such vehicles’ battery-charging and discharging performance has limited their practical use. A hybrid energy storage system, which comprises a capacitor and battery, is a promising solution to this problem; however, to apply model-based designs, which are indispensable to embedded systems, such as the electronic control units used in EVs, a simple and accurate capacitor model is required. Within this framework, a lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) model is proposed, and its charging and discharging performances are evaluated against an actual LIC. The model corresponds accurately to the actual LIC, and the results indicate that the proposed LIC model will work well when used with Model-Based Design (MBD).
Regulated ribosomal frameshifting by an RNA-protein interaction. (1996)

Ribosomal frameshifting is a translational mechanism used as an essential step in the replication cycle of retroviruses. Programmed frameshifting in retroviral translation involves two sequence elements: A heptanucleotide slippery sequence which induces a low basal level of frameshifting and a downstream RNA structure as an enhancer of the process. The precise mechanism of function of these downstream elements is still unclear, but their effect does not solely depend on their stability. Likewise, the possibility that frameshifting could be controlled by specific proteins that bind to these elements and enable or modulate their effects has yet not been substantiated. The RNA hairpin of the HIV-1 gag-pol frameshift cassette was replaced by the iron-responsive element (IRE) from ferritin mRNA, a stem-loop structure that binds iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) in dependence of the iron status of the cell. When a lacZ/luciferase reporter construct was expressed in transfected BHK-21 cells, the IRE or a point-mutated version that is unable to bind IRPs were found to functionally substitute for the HIV-1 hairpin. When cells were treated with the iron chelator desferrioxamine to stimulate IRP binding to the wild-type IRE, frameshift activity was specifically and strongly augmented by protein binding Our data establish that frameshifting can be regulated in a reversible fashion by mRNA-binding proteins.
BER Performance Analysis of Joint Tomlonson-Harashima Precoding and Frequency-Domain Equalization (2007)

The single-carrier (SC) transmission performance degrades due to inter-symbol interference (ISI) in a frequency-selective fading channel. To improve the transmission performance, joint use of Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) and frequency-domain equalization (FDE) is promising. In this paper, we derive the conditional bit error rate (BER) for the given set of channel gains in a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel. We evaluate the average BER performance by Monte-Carlo numerical computation method using the derived conditional BER. The theoretical analysis is confirmed by computer simulation of the signal transmission.
Probing the Role of the Covalent Linkage of Ferrocene into a Chloroquine Template (2006)

A new therapeutic approach to malaria led to the discovery of ferroquine (FQ, SR97276). To assess the importance of the linkage of the ferrocenyl group to a 4-aminoquinoline scaffold, two series of 4-aminoquinolines, structurally related to FQ, were synthesized. Evaluation of antimalarial activity, physicochemical parameters, and the beta-hematin inhibition property indicate that the ferrocene moiety has to be covalently flanked by a 4-aminoquinoline and an alkylamine. Current data reinforced our choice of FQ as a drug candidate.
Immunocytochemical detection of prostate specific antigen expression in human primary and metastatic melanomas. (1997)

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a 33 kD glycoprotein, was initially reported to be a tissue specific protein, detected in the seminal fluid and produced by normal and abnormal epithelial cells of the prostate gland, as well as other tissues in the human body. The expression of PSA has been described to be elevated during benign and neoplastic cell growth in the prostate, and in a number of other human malignancies. The presence and production of PSA in human primary cutaneous malignant melanomas (CMMs) and metastatic malignant melanomas (MMMs) has not been reported prior to the present study. We examined the expression of PSA employing a biotin-streptavidin based, alkaline phosphatase conjugated antigen detection technique in routine, neutral formalin fixed, paraffin-wax embedded, 3-4 microns thick tissue sections of 30 CMMs and 10 MMMs. Human postnatal thymic tissue, among others, was used as a negative tissue control, while normal prostate and prostate carcinomas (PCs) were included in the collection of antigen positive tissues. We observed the presence of PSA in 16/30 CMMs and 6/10 MMMs. The intensity of the staining was moderate (C to B) and localized to between 20% and 30% of the total tumor cell population in both CMMs and MMMs, with cells of similar immunoreactivity being clustered in groups within the tumor microenvironment. This result directly contradicts the previous opinion concerning the prostate epithelium specificity of PSA expression and production. The immunophenotype (IP) heterogeneity of malignant melanoma cells in further substantiated by the pattern of their PSA immunoreactivity. The establishment of the clinical significance of these findings necessitates further in vivo and in vitro research in malignant melanomas. PSA related, novel antineoplastic immunotherapy may also be recommended in the treatment of both CMMs and MMMs.
3-D shape measurement based on an adaptive lighting-pattern projection method (2002)

The authors have developed a sensor-combined measurement system to realize a speedy three-dimensional shape measurement at production lines. The system consists of a camera with both area and line sensors, an image input unit with two LUTs, a computer of the workstation type, and a Gray-type lighting-pattern projector with a liquid-crystal mask. The authors discuss high speed image data processing techniques to obtain the space-encoded images of a measurement space and a shape recognition analysis using a gradient histogram on space-encoded stripes of each segmented object image. Although the measurement space encoding of the area sensor image is carried out in a speedy hardware manner, that of the line sensor binary-image consisting of specified subregion images requires a specific technique to copy pertinent stripe codes. without breaking line sensor image resolution, from those of the area sensor space-encoded image. The adaptive lighting-pattern projection method is used for this purpose. Size measurement accuracy, is improved by the present system to seven times higher than that of conventional area sensor measurement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
FlexiTaint: A programmable accelerator for dynamic taint propagation (2008)

This paper presents FlexiTaint, a hardware accelerator for dynamic taint propagation. FlexiTaint is implemented as an in-order addition to the back-end of the processor pipeline, and the taints for memory locations are stored as a packed array in regular memory. The taint propagation scheme is specified via a software handler that, given the operation and the sourcespsila taints, computes the new taint for the result. To keep performance overheads low, FlexiTaint caches recent taint propagation lookups and uses a filter to avoid lookups for simple common-case behavior. We also describe how to implement consistent taint propagation in a multi-core environment. Our experiments show that FlexiTaint incurs average performance overheads of only 1% for SPEC2000 benchmarks and 3.7% for Splash-2 benchmarks, even when simultaneously following two different taint propagation policies.
Mobile Robot Navigation By Visual Sign Patterns Existing In Outdoor Environment (2005)

This paper presents a new concept, in robot visioii that we call sign pattern. Tlic sign patstern is visual pattern cliaracterizing tlie environnient. and resulting a stereotyped robot action. In other word, the sign pat,terii is a key wliicli activates t,lie robot reactive action. The visioiiguided mobile robot can iiiove on the road by detecting and following the sign patterns. Tlie sign patterns are used in tliree fiiiictioiis of the niobile robot: (1) Following. road boundaries, (2) Controlling t.he caniera posit.ion and (3) Approaching targcts. In this papcr. we describe t.he new concept of the sign pattern and image processing for detecting and tracking the sigii patterns.
Automated image-based cytometry with fluorescence-stained specimens. (1991)

The combination of digitized microscopy, algorithms for object recognition and fluorescent labeling is a promising approach for reliable, quick, automated and cost-effective screening of clinical specimens. We describe two conceptually different algorithms for detecting objects in fluorescence microscopic images. One, which is partially automated, compares a mask that represents a typical object with every position in the image; the other, which is fully automated, calculates threshold intensities to segment the image into regions of objects and background. Applications of the algorithms in conjunction with a prototype image-based cytometer are demonstrated for determining the DNA ploidy distribution of cultured human endometrial cells and determining the DNA ploidy distribution and the fraction of cells expressing the E6 antigen of human papilloma virus serotypes 16 and 18 in a PAP smear. The encouraging results from this study suggest that automated image-based cytometry utilizing fluorescent stains will be a valuable asset for clinical screening.
LEVINSTEIN MUSTARD GAS. IV. THE bis(2-CHLOROETHYL) POLYSULFIDES<sup>1</sup> (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLEVINSTEIN MUSTARD GAS. IV. THE bis(2-CHLOROETHYL) POLYSULFIDES1REYNOLD C. FUSON, CHARLES C. PRICE, DONALD M. BURNESS, ROBERT E. FOSTER, WILLIAM R. HATCHARD, and ROBERT D. LIPSCOMBCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1946, 11, 5, 487–498Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01175a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01175a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views506Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pathogenesis and antigenic characterization of a new East European subtype 3 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolate (2010)

Lena is a highly pathogenic East European subtype 3 PRRSV, which differs from European subtype 1 Lelystad and North American US5 strains at both the genetic and antigenic level.
Separation of Small Particles Suspended in Liquid by Nonuniform Traveling Field (1987)

A study of size and charge-dependent separation of small particles in liquid using a traveling-field-type electric curtain device is made. The principle of the separation is to make use of the spatial harmonic components of the rotating traveling field produced by such a device, the first harmonic propagating in one direction, which plays a dominant role in the region distant from the electrodes, and the second harmonic propagating in the opposite direction, which becomes dominant near the electrodes. Small particles brought into this field undergo circular motion and, as a result of field nonuniformity, are repelled from the electrodes and drift in the direction of the dominant harmonics. The lighter or more charged particles are strongly repelled from the electrodes and swept by the first harmonic, while the heavier or less charged particles can approach the electrodes and are transported by the second harmonic in the opposite direction, thus enabling separation by mass and charge. First a theoretical investigation of this method is made to clarify the operation conditions for the separation, then the experimental observations of particle motion are made and scaling laws of transport velocity with the applied voltage and frequency are confirmed. Finally, an example of a cell separator design using this method is presented.
Isolation of cross-linked IgE-receptor complexes from rat macrophages. (1983)

Receptors for IgE on macrophages have been characterized by binding assays (1-3), but to date there has been only one report on the isolation of this receptor from macrophages, with use of the cell line U937 (4). In that report the receptor was isolated by using a heavily absorbed polyclonal antibody raised against lymphocytes bearing receptors for IgE (5). Monomeric IgE binds so weakly to macrophages that affinity chromatography of IgE-receptor complexes, such as has been used for isolation of the receptors for IgE on basophils (6) and for IgG on macrophages (7), cannot be readily accomplished. We have used oligomers of IgE to enhance the binding of IgE to macrophages (3), but this alone would not be sufficient because--depending on whether the receptors are multi- or univalent--once the cells are solubilized, multipoint attachment would again be reduced if not abrogated. In this report we describe the use of cross-linking reagents to stabilize further the interaction between IgE and its receptor on peritoneal macrophages. With this approach we have found that the receptor is likely to be composed of two chains whose gross properties are similar to the polypeptides constituting the receptor with high affinity for monomeric IgE on rat basophilic leukemia cells and mast cells.
Glyburide inhibits the Cryopyrin/Nalp3 inflammasome (2009)

Inflammasomes activate caspase-1 for processing and secretion of the cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and IL-18. Cryopyrin/NALP3/NLRP3 is an essential component of inflammasomes triggered by microbial ligands, danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and crystals. Inappropriate Cryopyrin activity has been incriminated in the pathogenesis of gouty arthritis, Alzheimer's, and silicosis. Therefore, inhibitors of the Nalp3 inflammasome offer considerable therapeutic promise. In this study, we show that the type 2 diabetes drug glyburide prevented activation of the Cryopyrin inflammasome. Glyburide's cyclohexylurea group, which binds to adenosine triphosphatase (ATP)-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channels for insulin secretion, is dispensable for inflammasome inhibition. Macrophages lacking K(ATP) subunits or ATP-binding cassette transporters also activate the Cryopyrin inflammasome normally. Glyburide analogues inhibit ATP- but not hypothermia-induced IL-1beta secretion from human monocytes expressing familial cold-associated autoinflammatory syndrome-associated Cryopyrin mutations, thus suggesting that inhibition occurs upstream of Cryopyrin. Concurrent with the role of Cryopyrin in endotoxemia, glyburide significantly delays lipopolysaccharide-induced lethality in mice. Therefore, glyburide is the first identified compound to prevent Cryopyrin activation and microbial ligand-, DAMP-, and crystal-induced IL-1beta secretion.
Detecting and Removing Outliers in Production Data to Enhance Production Forecasting (2016)

Abstract The objective of the study summarized in this paper was to establish a robust method to detect outliers in rate and pressure data used for decline analysis and forecasting, pressure and rate transient analysis, and similar workflows. Presence of outliers contributes significantly to the uncertainty and non-uniqueness associated with the rate/pressure transient analysis workflow. In time-series data usually encountered in rate/pressure transient analysis workflows, we observed that the neighboring data points of an inlying data point will be closer to the point as compared to closeness of an outlier data point. The outlier detection method we developed exploits this observation. It relies on the concept of local density around a data point, and locality is quantified by a function of distance of the data point from its k-nearest neighbors. This concept further maps into a local outlier factor, which signifies the quantitative extent of a data point being an outlier. Outliers will have a higher value of local outlier factor than will inlying data points. A threshold value of local outlier factor is used to label the data points as outliers, and this threshold is set using the histogram of local outlier factor values. Most commonly used outlier detection methods in the industry assume that rate/pressure data follow a known model (e.g., a Gaussian probability distribution model), but outliers deviate strongly from this model. In the usual parametric-model-based approach, an a priori assumption of the correct model needs to be verified, which can limit the validity of the approach. The newly proposed outlier detection method, being non-parametric, is more robust as it is independent of the assumption that data follows a known model. We present a synthetic case study demonstrating the importance of outlier detection and outlining the limitations of currently used outlier detection methods. We then validate our method through synthetic examples generated using numerical models of multi-stage hydraulically fractured wells in unconventional reservoirs. Upon validation we demonstrate application of our method using field examples from four major shale plays.
Poly(aryl ether benzothiazoles) (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPoly(aryl ether benzothiazoles)James L. HedrickCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 23, 6361–6364Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00023a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00023a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views242Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Digital Watermarking Encryption and Decryption Using DWT (2015)

Watermarking is a technique in which pattern bits are inserted into digital image; video or audio files have copyright information such as rights authors etc. The aim of digital watermarks is to provide secured or copyright protection for intellectual property that's in digital format. Digital watermarks are completely invisible and inaudible in case of audio clips unlike printed watermarks. Apart from it, the actual bits representing the watermark must be scattered throughout the file in such a way that they cannot be identified and manipulated. The goal of watermarking is not to restrict access to the original image but to ensure the embedded data remain recoverable. The paper focuses on the MATLAB simulation of watermark decoding scheme using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The work is carried out on MATLAB 13.0, image processing tool.
Control of Protein Affinity of Bioactive Nanocellulose and Passivation Using Engineered Block and Random Copolymers (2016)

We passivated TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNF) toward human immunoglobulin G (hIgG) by modification with block and random copolymers of poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) and poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA). The block copolymers reversibly adsorbed on TOCNF and were highly effective in preventing nonspecific interactions with hIgG, especially if short PDMAEMA blocks were used. In such cases, total protein rejection was achieved. This is in contrast to typical blocking agents, which performed poorly. When an anti-human IgG biointerface was installed onto the passivated TOCNF, remarkably high affinity antibody-antigen interactions were observed (0.90 ± 0.09 mg/m(2)). This is in contrast to the nonpassivated biointerface, which resulted in a significant false response. In addition, regeneration of the biointerface was possible by low pH aqueous wash. Protein A from Staphylococcus aureus was also utilized to successfully increase the sensitivity for human IgG recognition (1.28 ± 0.11 mg/m(2)). Overall, the developed system based on TOCNF modified with multifunctional polymers can be easily deployed as bioactive material with minimum fouling and excellent selectivity.