gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of a keratan sulfate-containing proteoglycan in atherosclerotic aorta. (1992)

Proteoglycans were isolated from either grossly normal or atherosclerotic pigeon aortas after extraction with 4 M guanidine hydrochloride and purification by ion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. The small-size proteoglycans (Kav 0.4, on Sepharose CL-4B) from both normal and atherosclerotic tissue contained primarily a dermatan sulfate proteoglycan with an intact molecular size of 220-330 kd and a 45-kd core protein. In addition to the dermatan sulfate proteoglycan, the preparation contained a proteoglycan recognized by monoclonal antibody (MAb) 5-D-4, indicating the presence of sulfated poly-N-acetyllactosamine sequences common to corneal and cartilage keratan sulfate. Electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel revealed a polydisperse proteoglycan of 60-150 kd that was recognized by MAb 5-D-4. Significantly greater immunoreactivity with MAb 5-D-4 was observed for atherosclerotic compared with normal artery. After endo-beta-D-galactosidase treatment of the proteoglycan from atherosclerotic aorta, diminished MAb 5-D-4 reactivity observed by both Western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that the material was keratan sulfate. Endo-beta-D-galactosidase treatment of the intact proteoglycan generated core proteins of 28 and 38 kd. These studies suggest the presence of one or more keratan sulfate proteoglycans in grossly normal and atherosclerotic arteries. Immunochemical data suggest that sulfation of the keratan sulfate proteoglycan may be greater in atherosclerotic aorta.
Detecting Prostatic Adenocarcinoma From Digitized Histology Using a Multi-Scale Hierarchical Classification Approach (2006)

In this paper we present a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system to automatically detect prostatic adenocarcinoma from high resolution digital histopathological slides. This is especially desirable considering the large number of tissue slides that are currently analyzed manually - a laborious and time-consuming task. Our methodology is novel in that texture-based classification is performed using a hierarchical classifier within a multi-scale framework. Pyramidal decomposition is used to reduce an image into its constituent scales. The cascaded image analysis across multiple scales is similar to the manner in which pathologists analyze histopathology. Nearly 600 different image texture features at multiple orientations are extracted at every pixel at each image scale. At each image scale the classifier only analyzes those image pixels that have been determined to be tumor at the preceding lower scale. Results of quantitative evaluation on 20 patient studies indicate (1) an overall accuracy of over 90% and (2) an approximate 8-fold savings in terms of computational time. Both the AdaBoost and Decision Tree classifiers were considered and in both cases tumor detection sensitivity was found to be relatively constant across different scales. Detection specificity was however found to increase at higher scales reflecting the availability of additional discriminatory information.
Uso do plasma rico em plaquetas no tratamento de tendinites na medicina equina (2022)

Tendonitis is a common disease of athlete horses that has high rates of treatment failure, leading to relapses and early interruptions of the animal's athletic activities. Thus, in search of the best options for the treatment of these lesions, platelet rich plasma (PRP) has been used. PRP is a model that contains several therapeutic factors, which increase vascularization, modify the inflammatory response, increase collagen deposition and fiber organization, resulting in a better tendon healing process. The obtaining methods have been studied, but there isn’t consensus on the most apropriated, mainly because the varying the speed and centrifugation force, and the components present in the PRP. The application of PRP is performed intra or perilesional and may be associated with ultrasound to facilitate application in the correct place. The optimal time and optimal frequency of administration are not yet well defined, but the best results have been applied in the acute phase of the lesion, and single administration is the most common practice. Given this, PRP shows as a good alternative for the treatment of tendonitis in horses, being cheap, safe and able to reduce relapses and accelerate the return as the animal's athletic activities.
Characterization of visna virus envelope neuraminic acid (1977)

Visna virus particles inhibit influenza virus hemagglutination in an assay for neuraminic acid-containing viruses. Pretreatment of visna virus with neuraminidase abolished hemagglutination inhibition activity but did not significantly affect attachment, infectivity, or virus-induced cell fusion in sheep choroid plexus cell monolayers.
Exact response-time analysis for fixed-priority preemption-threshold scheduling (2010)

Fixed-priority preemption-threshold scheduling (FPTS) has been proposed as a generalization of fixed-priority preemptive scheduling (FPPS) and fixed-priority non-preemptive scheduling (FPNS) with the aim to improve schedulability and reduce run-time overheads. In this paper, we show that the existing worst-case response time (WCRT) analysis for FPTS is pessimistic and present an exact WCRT analysis. Moreover, we refine the task model for FPTS, making FPTS also a generalization of fixed-priority scheduling with deferred preemption (FPDS). Finally, we present exact analysis for FPTS for this refined task model and an example showing that FPTS can improve on FPPS and FPDS.
Benzimidazole derivatives with atypical antiinflammatory activity (1987)

A number of substituted 2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)sulfonyl]-1H-benzimidazoles (4) have demonstrated antiinflammatory activity that appears to have a mechanism distinct from typical cyclooxygenase inhibiting nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Several of these compounds inhibit adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats at 25 mg/kg while showing no activity in the carrageenan paw edema model at up to 100 mg/kg. Two compounds, 4a and 4b, showed no significant inhibition of cyclooxygenase in vitro at concentrations as high as 5 X 10(-5) M. All compounds 4 active in adjuvant-induced arthritis were also found to inhibit release of lysosomal enzymes from neutrophils, raising the possibility that their antiinflammatory effect is at least partially mediated by an effect on neutrophil function.
Temperature dispersion of refractive indexes in some silicate fiber glasses (1994)

Temperature coefficients of refractive indexes dn/dT determine the temperature characteristics of an optical fiber transmission system. These coefficients are analyzed critically for the first time to find refractive indexes at different temperatures for three optical fiber glasses fused silica (SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ), aluminosilicate and Vycor, and to predict therefrom the optical design parameters such as chromatic dispersion and zero-dispersion wavelength from the UV to the 1.7 μm region.
TUBERCULOSIS OF THE MIDDLE EAR AND MASTOID (1941)

Knowledge of invasion of the temporal bone by the tubercle bacillus has increased greatly in recent years. Few of the earlier textbooks on otology mentioned aural tuberculosis. References to it were usually buried in the chapter on chronic suppurations of the ear. Louis mentioned that Ménière was the first to direct attention to the destructive action of the tubercle bacillus on the tympanic membrane. This, he claimed, resulted in deafness. Ménière's observations are of interest because they were made before the discovery of the tubercle bacillus by Koch in 1882. It was during the same year that Politzer first reported his histopathologic studies of tuberculosis. In evaluating reports on tuberculosis of the middle ear and mastoid it is important to consider the age of the patient and the country from which the report emanates. There occurs a relatively large incidence of bovine tuberculous infection of the middle ear in countries
A southern hemisphere survey of the galactic plane at 5 GHz. (1978)

Seventy five maps are presented showing the 5 GHz emission from the galactic plane in the range I = 190° ~ 360° .... 40° for - 2° < b < 2° (an area of approximately 600 square egrees). The method of observing and the computer reduction of the data are discussed. the telescope resolution is 4'·1 arc to half-power points and the detection limit for point sources is better than 0·5 Jy.
Antibody persistence to meningococcal serogroups A, C, W and Y in toddlers two years after vaccination with a quadrivalent meningococcal ACWY-tetanus toxoid conjugate (MenACWY-TT) vaccine as measured by bactericidal antibody assays using rabbit or human complement (2014)

Long term protection against invasive meningococcal disease relies on persistence of bactericidal antibodies. We studied the persistence of serum bactericidal antibodies using rabbit and human complement (rSBA, hSBA assays) two years after vaccination with a meningococcal serogroup A, C, W, Y tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (MenACWY-TT, N = 253) or a licensed monovalent serogroup C conjugate vaccine (MenC-CRM197, N = 42) in Finnish toddlers who were aged 12–23 months at the time of vaccination. In 97.8–98.9% of subjects receiving MenACWY-TT, rSBA titres ⩾1:8 persisted against serogroups A, W and Y and 88.2% against serogroup C, which was according to exploratory analysis statistically significantly higher than in recipients of the MenC-CRM197 vaccine (69.0%). A total of 86.9% of subjects had persisting hSBA ⩾1:8 for serogroup C, which was statistically significantly higher than the MenC-CRM group (52.6%). Exploratory analysis also showed that the year 2 hSBA-MenC geometric mean titre was statistically significantly higher in the MenACWY-TT group than the MenC-CRM group. At least 87.0% of subjects had hSBA ⩾1:8 for serogroups W and Y at year 2, while the percentage was 23.0% for serogroup A. Using rSBA, but not hSBA, a high percentage of MenC-CRM197 recipients acquired antibody against serogroups A (82.1%), W (58.6%) and Y (80.0%). MenACWY-TT induced high level of bactericidal antibody in toddlers that persisted for at least 2 years.
Machine Vision System for Automatic Inspection of Bridges (2008)

In the bridge inspection, the information of cracks is important to maintain a bridge. Therefore, automatic crack detection is highly desirable for efficiency and objectivity of crack assessment. However, in general, it is very difficult to detect cracks automatically from noisy concrete surfaces. In this paper, we propose a machine vision system for automatic inspection of bridges. The proposed machine vision system can detect cracks in real time, and it has some utility functions for supervised manipulation. The performance of the proposed system has been evaluated with 100 noisy images. In terms of accuracy in detecting cracks, experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to the conventional methods for detecting cracks.
Rapid construction of metabolite biosensors using domain-insertion profiling (2016)

Single-fluorescent protein biosensors (SFPBs) are an important class of probes that enable the single-cell quantification of analytes in vivo. Despite advantages over other detection technologies, their use has been limited by the inherent challenges of their construction. Specifically, the rational design of green fluorescent protein (GFP) insertion into a ligand-binding domain, generating the requisite allosteric coupling, remains a rate-limiting step. Here, we describe an unbiased approach, termed domain-insertion profiling with DNA sequencing (DIP-seq), that combines the rapid creation of diverse libraries of potential SFPBs and high-throughput activity assays to identify functional biosensors. As a proof of concept, we construct an SFPB for the important regulatory sugar trehalose. DIP-seq analysis of a trehalose-binding-protein reveals allosteric hotspots for GFP insertion and results in high-dynamic range biosensors that function robustly in vivo. Taken together, DIP-seq simultaneously accelerates metabolite biosensor construction and provides a novel tool for interrogating protein allostery.
Advances in high-harmonic fast wave physics in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (2010)

Improved core high-harmonic fast wave (HHFW) heating at longer wavelengths and during start-up and plasma current ramp-up has now been obtained by lowering the edge density with lithium wall conditioning, thereby moving the critical density for perpendicular fast-wave propagation away from the vessel wall. Lithium conditioning allowed significant HHFW core electron heating of deuterium neutral beam injection (NBI) fuelled H-mode plasmas to be observed for the first time. Large edge localized modes were observed immediately after the termination of rf power. Visible and infrared camera images show that fast wave interactions can deposit considerable rf energy on the outboard divertor. HHFW-generated parametric decay instabilities were observed to heat ions in the plasma edge and may be the cause for a measured drag on edge toroidal rotation during HHFW heating. A significant enhancement in neutron rate and fast-ion profile was measured in NBI-fuelled plasmas when HHFW heating was applied.
Regulation by protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTP2 is distinct from that by PTP1 during Dictyostelium growth and development. (1994)

We have cloned a gene encoding a second Dictyostelium discoideum protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP2) whose catalytic domain has approximately 30 to 39% amino acid identity with those of other PTPs and a 41% amino acid identity with D. discoideum PTP1. Like PTP1, PTP2 is a nonreceptor PTP with the catalytic domain located at the C terminus of the protein. PTP2 has a predicted molecular weight of 43,000 and possesses an acidic 58-amino-acid insertion 24 amino acids from the N terminus of the conserved catalytic domain. PTP2 transcripts are expressed at moderate levels in vegetative cells and are induced severalfold at the onset of development. Studies with a PTP2-lacZ reporter gene fusion indicate that PTP2, like PTP1, is preferentially expressed in prestalk and anterior-like cell types during the multicellular stages of development. PTP2 gene disruptants (ptp2 null cells) are not detectably altered in growth and show a temporal pattern of development similar to that of wild-type cells. ptp2 null slugs and fruiting bodies, however, are significantly larger than those of wild-type slugs, suggesting a role for PTP2 in regulating multicellular structures. D. discoideum strains overexpressing PTP2 from the PTP2 promoter exhibit growth rate and developmental abnormalities, the severity of which corresponds to the level of PTP2 overexpression. Strains with high overexpression of the PTP2 gene grow slowly on bacterial lawns and produce small cells in axenic medium. When development is initiated in these strains, cells are able to aggregate but then stop further morphogenesis for 6 to 8 h, after which time a variable fraction of these aggregates continue with normal timing, producing diminutive fruiting bodies. These disruption and overexpression phenotypes for PTP2 are distinct from the corresponding mutant PTP1 phenotypes. Immunoprobing PTP2 mutant strains during growth and development with antiphosphotyrosine antibodies reveals several changes in the tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins in PTP2 mutant strains compared with that in wild-type cells. These changes are different from those identified in the previously characterized corresponding PTP1 disruption and overexpression mutant strains. Thus, although PTP2 and PTP1 are nonreceptor PTPs with similar spatial patterns of expression, our findings suggest that they possess distinct regulatory functions in controlling D. discoideum growth and development.
Tau PET imaging: present and future directions (2017)

Abnormal aggregation of tau in the brain is a major contributing factor in various neurodegenerative diseases. The role of tau phosphorylation in the pathophysiology of tauopathies remains unclear. Consequently, it is important to be able to accurately and specifically target tau deposits in vivo in the brains of patients. The advances of molecular imaging in the recent years have now led to the recent development of promising tau-specific tracers for positron emission tomography (PET), such as THK5317, THK5351, AV-1451, and PBB3. These tracers are now available for clinical assessment in patients with various tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease, as well as in healthy subjects. Exploring the patterns of tau deposition in vivo for different pathologies will allow discrimination between neurodegenerative diseases, including different tauopathies, and monitoring of disease progression. The variety and complexity of the different types of tau deposits in the different diseases, however, has resulted in quite a challenge for the development of tau PET tracers. Extensive work remains in order to fully characterize the binding properties of the tau PET tracers, and to assess their usefulness as an early biomarker of the underlying pathology. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the most promising tau PET tracers to date, discuss what has been learnt from these findings, and offer some suggestions for the next steps that need to be achieved in a near future.
The design of a pen-based musical input system (2002)

Computerising the task of music editing can avoid a considerable amount of tedious work for musicians, particularly for tasks such as key transposition, part extraction, and layout. However the task of getting the music onto the computer can still be time consuming and is usually done with the help of bulky equipment. This paper reports on the design of a pen-based input system that uses easily-learned gestures to facilitate fast input, particularly if the system must be portable. The design is based on observations of musicians writing music by hand, and an analysis of the symbols in samples of music. A preliminary evaluation of the system is presented, and the speed is compared with the alternatives of handwriting, synthesiser keyboard input, and optical music recognition. Evaluations suggest that the gesture-based system could be approximately three times as fast as other methods of music data entry reported in the literature.
Static tokens: using data .ow to automate concurrent pipeline synthesis (2004)

We describe a new intermediate compiler representation, static token form, that is suitable for dataflow-style synthesis of high-level asynchronous specifications. Static token form transforms variables into tokens, and simplifies the pipelining of asynchronous computations according to their dataflow graphs. We present a compiler framework that automates this synthesis method, and show how it can be applied to pipelined asynchronous FPGA architectures.
Advancing psychological jurisprudence (1993)

Abstract Recent articles and literature reviews within the field of social science and law point to the importance of developing interdisciplinary jurisprudence. An overview of psychological jurisprudence is presented. Next, three approaches to the specific construction of psychological jurisprudence are reviewed. Finally, the relationship between legal psychology and psychological jurisprudence is discussed.
Submitting DNA Sequences to the Databases (1998)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Where to Submit? What to Submit? How to Submit on the World Wide Web How to Submit with Sequin EST/STS/GSS Genome Centers Updates Concluding Remarks
An international overview of sterilization. (1977)

The optimal design of a hybrid electric vehicle can be formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem that spreads over multiple levels (technology, topology, size and control). In the last decade, studies have shown that, by integrating these optimization levels fuel benefits are obtained, which go beyond the results achieved with solely optimal control for a given topology. Due to the large number of variables for optimization, their diversity, the nonlinear and multi-objective nature of the problem, a variety of methodologies has been developed. This review article presents a comprehensive analysis of the various methodologies developed and identifies challenges for future research. Starting from a general description of the problem, with examples found in the literature, we categorize the types of optimization problems and methods used. To offer a complete analysis, we broaden the scope of the search to several sectors of transport, such as naval or ground.
Homogeneous catalysis of olefin lsomerisation. Part VI. Pent-1-ene isomerisation catalysed by solutions of dodecacarbonyltri-iron(0) and of bis(benzonitrile)dichloropalladium(II) in benzene (1974)

Isomerisation of pent-1-ene to cis- and trans-pent-2-ene is catalysed at 50 °C and above by solutions in benzene of Fe3(CO)12 and of PdCl2(C6H5CN)2. In both cases, preferential formation of trans-pent-2-ene occurs. Isomerisation of [1,2-2H2]pent-1-ene reveals that each reaction proceeds by the intramolecular transfer of hydrogen and deuterium atoms. The reaction mechanisms involve π-allylic intermediates; for the palladium-catalysed reaction bis-π-allyl complexes may also participate.
PCSK9 inhibitors in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (2016)

Reducing plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) remains the cornerstone in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, lack of efficacy and adverse effects mean that a substantial proportion of patients fail to achieve acceptable LDL-C levels with currently available lipid-lowering drugs. Over the last decade, inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to reduce residual cardiovascular disease risk. Binding of PCSK9 to the LDL receptor targets the receptor for lysosomal degradation. The recognition that inhibition of PCSK9 increases LDL receptor activity has led to the development of a number of approaches to directly target PCSK9. Numerous monoclonal antibodies against PCSK9 are currently being evaluated in phase 3 trials, involving various patient categories on different background lipid-lowering therapies. Current evidence shows reductions in LDL-C levels of up to 70 % may be achieved with PCSK9 inhibition, independent of background statin therapy. This review examines the most recent evidence and future prospects for the use of PCSK9 inhibitors in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
A polymer-dispersed liquid crystal-based dynamic gain equalizer (2005)

This paper presents results obtained with a spatial light modulator (SLM) using a polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal (LC) material to provide dynamic gain equalization (DGE) for wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks. We show the benefit of using a nonchannelized approach to adjust some physical parameters such as the ripple and the maximum obtainable attenuation slope for the spectra to be equalized. Particular attention is paid here to polarization dependence that can result from parasitic anisotropic multiple path interferences as well as induced anisotropy due to a planar transverse field when using a free-space SLM structure. In this frame, we demonstrate an original approach using a depolarizing prism that is only appropriate to such choice of material and that mitigates these effects. Finally, material engineering to widen the operating temperature range is also shortly presented in this paper.