gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prostaglandin E2 stimulates insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐4 expression and synthesis in cultured human articular chondrocytes: Possible mediation by Ca ‐calmodulin regulated processes (1997)

Insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF-1, is believed to be an important anabolic modulator of cartilage metabolism whose action is mediated by high affinity cell surface receptors and bioactivity and bioavailability regulated, in part, by IGF-1 binding proteins (IGFBPs). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulates collagen and proteoglycan synthesis in cartilage via an autocrine feedback loop involving IGF-1. We determined whether the eicosanoid could regulate IGFBP-4, a major form expressed by chondrocytes and, as such, act as a modifier of IGF-1 action at another level. Using human articular chondrocytes in high-density primary culture, Western and Western ligand blotting to measure secreted IGFBP-4 protein, and Northern analysis to monitor IGFBP-4 mRNA levels, we demonstrated that PGE2 provoked a 2.7 ± 0.3- and 3.8 ± 0.5- (n = 3) fold increase in IGFBP-4 mRNA and protein, respectively. This effect was reversed by the Ca++ channel blocker, verapamil, and the Ca++/calmodulin inhibitor, W-7. The Ca++ ionophore, ionomycin, mimicked the effects of PGE2. The phorbol ester, PMA, which activated phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) in chondrocytes, had no effect on IGFBP-4 production. Cyclic AMP mimetics and PKA activators, IBMX, and Sp-cAMP, inhibited the expression of the binding protein as did the PGE2 secretagogue, interleukin-1β (IL-β). The inhibitory effect of the latter cytokine was mediated by a erbstatin/genistein (tyrosine) sensitive kinase. Dexamethasone, an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) expression and PGE2 synthesis, down-regulated control, constitute levels of IGFBP-4 mRNA and protein, eliminating the previously demonstrated possibility of cross-talk between glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and PGE2-receptor signalling pathways. The results suggest that extracellular signals control IGFBP-4 production by a number of different transducing networks with changes in Ca++ and calmodulin activity exerting a strong positive influence, possibly maintaining the constitutivity of IGFBP-4 synthesis under basal conditions. PGE2 activation of the IGF-1/IGFBP axis may play a pivotal role in the metabolism of cartilage and possibly connective tissues in general. Eicosanoid biosynthesis may be a rate-limiting step in cartilage repair processes. J. Cell. Biochem. 65:408–419. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Hydroformylation on Solid Catalysts (2008)

Abstract The sections in this article are Fundamental Principles of Hydroformylation General Features and Scope Homogeneous Oxo Catalysts and Process Parameters A Cobalt Catalysts B Rhodium Catalysts C Catalysts other than Cobalt and Rhodium Compounds Reaction Mechanism Types of Solid Oxo Catalyst Hydroformylation with Immobilized Metal Complex Catalysts Supported Metal Complex Catalysts Supported Metal Complex Catalysts A Catalysts Anchored onto Ion‐Exchange Resins B Catalysts Prepared by Covalent Grafting C Catalysts Prepared by Coordinative Anchoring D Encapsulated Metal Complex Catalysts Hydroformylation over Supported Metal Catalysts
GC1118, an Anti-EGFR Antibody with a Distinct Binding Epitope and Superior Inhibitory Activity against High-Affinity EGFR Ligands (2016)

The EGFR-targeted monoclonal antibodies are a valid therapeutic strategy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, only a small subset of mCRC patients has therapeutic benefits and there are high demands for EGFR therapeutics with a broader patient pool and more potent efficacy. In this study, we report GC1118 exhibiting a different character in terms of binding epitope, affinity, mode of action, and efficacy from other anti-EGFR antibodies. Structural analysis of the EGFR-GC1118 crystal complex revealed that GC1118 recognizes linear, discrete N-terminal epitopes of domain III of EGFR, critical for EGF binding but not overlapping with those of other EGFR-targeted antibodies. GC1118 exhibited superior inhibitory activity against high-affinity EGFR ligands in terms of EGFR binding, triggering EGFR signaling, and proliferation compared with cetuximab and panitumumab. EGFR signaling driven by low-affinity ligands, on the contrary, was well inhibited by all the antibodies tested. GC1118 demonstrated robust antitumor activity in tumor xenografts with elevated expression of high-affinity ligands in vivo, whereas cetuximab did not. Considering the significant role of high-affinity EGFR ligands in modulating tumor microenvironment and inducing resistance to various cancer therapeutics, our study suggests a potential therapeutic advantage of GC1118 in terms of efficacy and a range of benefited patient pool. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(2); 251-63. ©2015 AACR.
Synthesis of Vitamin B<sup>12</sup> Derivatives with a Peripheral Metal Binding Site (1997)

Abstract The synthesis and structural characterization of the vitamin B 12 derivatives 9 and 10 equipped with a peripheral EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) binding site is described. It is based on the condensation of an activated ester of cobester‐ c ‐acid with ethane‐1,2‐diamine or 2‐aminoethanol followed by acylation of the resulting amines with the monoanhydride 8 of EDTA. The title compounds 9 and 10 can be used as modifiers for metal oxide semiconductor electrodes and are potential precursors for the synthesis of bimetallic, supramolecular catalysts.
Growth of calcium oxalate crystals. II. Inhibition by natural urinary crystal growth inhibitors. (1975)

A method is described for quantitatively determining the inhibitory activity of pure components, isolates, or mixtures of components (such as urine) on the growth of calcium oxalate crystals. Results with known calcium phosphate crystal growth inhibitors--magnesium, citrate, and pyrophosphate--suggest that these components contribute little to the ability to normal urine to inhibit the growth of calcium oxalate crystals. As yet unidentified urinary components seem to be responsible for most of this activity. The urinary crystal growth inhibitors appear to function by adsorbing on the surface of the growing crystals, thereby preventing the further incorporation of lattice ions. The fit of experimental data to the Langmuir absorption isotherm supports this conclusion.
A Survey on the Kinds of Leaf Rollers in Mulberry Trees (1982)

This survey was carried out at the Sericultural Experiment Station. Suweon to clarify the kinds of leaf rollers damaging mulberry leaves and determine the dominant species of them. The results obtained are as follow: 1. A total of seven species including 2 unrecorded species, Olethreutes hemiplaca MAYRICK. and Olethreutes doubledayana BARRET, were found as mulberry attacking leaf rollers. 2. The dominant species of mulberry leaf rollers in Korea was identified as O. hemiplaca M. followed by Adoxophyes orana B.
Alveolar ridge augmentation by osteoinductive materials in goats (1992)

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether alveolar ridge augmentation could be induced in goats. In 12 male goats allogenic, demineralized, and lyophilized dentin or bone was implanted subperiosteally on the buccal sides of the natural edentulous regions of the alveolar process of the mandible. Light microscopic evaluation revealed fibrous encapsulation, a few multinuclear giant cells, little inflammatory reaction, and no osteoinduction. It was concluded that no osteoinduction took place in goats.
Retracted: TaCYP78A5 regulates seed size in wheat (Triticum aestivum) (2015)

Seed size is an important agronomic trait and a major component of seed yield in wheat. However, little is known about the genes and mechanisms that determine the final seed size in wheat. Here, we isolated TaCYP78A5, the orthologous gene of Arabidopsis CYP78A5/KLUH in wheat, from wheat cv. Shaan 512 and demonstrated that the expression of TaCYP78A5 affects seed size. TaCYP78A5 encodes the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 78A5 protein in wheat and rescued the phenotype of the Arabidopsis deletion mutant cyp78a5. By affecting the extent of integument cell proliferation in the developing ovule and seed, TaCYP78A5 influenced the growth of the seed coat, which appears to limit seed growth. TaCYP78A5 silencing caused a 10% reduction in cell numbers in the seed coat, resulting in a 10% reduction in seed size in wheat cv. Shaan 512. By contrast, the overexpression of TaCYP78A5 increased the number of cells in the seed coat, resulting in seed enlargement of ~11-35% in Arabidopsis. TaCYP78A5 activity was positively correlated with the final seed size. However, TaCYP78A5 overexpression significantly reduced seed set in Arabidopsis, possibly due to an ovule development defect. TaCYP78A5 also influenced embryo development by promoting embryo integument cell proliferation during seed development. Accordingly, a working model of the influence of TaCYP7A5 on seed size was proposed. This study provides direct evidence that TaCYP78A5 affects seed size and is a potential target for crop improvement.
Quercetin exerts a neuroprotective effect through inhibition of the iNOS/NO system and pro-inflammation gene expression in PC12 cells and in zebrafish (2010)

Flavonoids have been reported to be potent antioxidants and beneficial in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases. Quercetin, a major flavonoid naturally occurring in plants, deserves attention because of its beneficial effects observed in various in vitro and in vivo neural damage models; however, the actions of quercetin are paradoxical. In an effort to confirm the neuroprotective effect of quercetin and to elucidate its mechanism of action, the neuroprotective effects of quercetin in PC12 cells and in zebrafish models were investigated. In this study, the selective dopaminergic neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), was used to induce neural damage in PC12 cells and zebrafish models. Pretreatment with quercetin offered neuroprotection against 6-OHDA-induced PC12 cell death. Moreover, quercetin could prevent 6-OHDA-induced PC12 cell apoptosis and 6-OHDA-stimulated dopaminergic neuron loss in zebrafish. Interestingly, quercetin was able to protect, but not rescue the dopaminergic neuron damage when zebrafish were treated with quercetin at different maturation stages of the blood brain barrier. A mechanistic study showed that quercetin could inhibit NO over-production and iNOS over-expression in PC12 cells and could down-regulate the over-expression of pro-inflammatory genes (e.g. IL-1ß, TNF-α and COX-2) in zebrafish, suggesting that these genes play a role in the neuroprotective effect of quercetin. The objective of this study was to provide a scientific rationale for the clinical use of quercetin, leading to its development as an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Distributed consulting in a distributed environment (1990)

Project Athena is one of the world's largest centrally-administered distributed computer environments, linking more than 1,000 workstations. Students and faculty use workstations scattered across MIT's 146-acre campus, in public clusters, private offices, and labs. Users can login to any Athena workstation on campus to access their files, mail, software, and even other systems, through the network.To serve our widespread network of workstations and more than 9000 users, with a staff of only 20 part-time consultants and 20 part-time volunteers, we've developed an efficient, distributed consulting system to match our distributed computing system.We've developed a number of tools to adapt to the fact that users, consultants, and other members of the Athena organization may be logged in anywhere on campus. We use Athena's Zephyr messaging system to locate, communicate with and coordinate with, in real time, all consultants and Network Services and Systems Support staff members. Using OLC (presented at the October '89 SIGUCCS), the on-line consulting system software, users and consultants can contact each other from any part of campus.To handle the expected 45,000 questions this year, we've modified OLC so that consultants can answer more than one question simultaneously. We also offer an answers system, accessible by users and consultants, providing answers to common questions. As the system or users' use of the systems changes, we can update these answers instantaneously.Our OLC software has been adapted for other uses. Some courses now use an “on-line teaching assistant” version (OLTA) which allows students to ask course-related questions. Instructors can review OLTA conversations to uncover common problems that have occurred.This session will cover our distributed consulting system as it exists and changes we're making to meet our ever-increasing load and to handle the integration of other systems into the Athena environment.
A new model for integrated nested task and data parallel programming (1997)

High Performance Fortran (HPF) has emerged as a standard language fordata parallel computing. However, a wide variety of scientific applications are best programmed by a combination of task and data parallelism. Therefore, a good model of task parallelism is important for continued success of HPF for parallel programming. This paper presents a task parallelism model that is simple, elegant, and relatively easy to implement in an HPF environment. Task parallelism is exploited by mechanisms for dividing processors into subgroups and mapping computations and data onto processor subgroups. This model of task parallelism has been implemented in the Fx compiler at Carnegie Mellon University. The paper addresses the main issues in compiling integrated task and data parallel programs and reports on the use of this model for programming various flat and nested task structures. Performance results are presented for a set of programs spanning signal processing, image processing, computer vision and environment modeling. A variant of this task model is a new approved extension of HPF and this paper offers insight into the power of expression and ease of implementation of this extension.
Dynamic control of worm propagation (2004)

In a computer network, network security is accomplished using elements like firewalls, hosts, servers, routers, intrusion detection systems, and honey pots. These network elements need to know the nature or anomaly of the worm in priori to detect the attack. Modern day viruses like Code red, Sapphire and Nimda spread very fast. For example, Sapphire can double its size and infect more than 90% of the vulnerable hosts within 10 minutes. Therefore it is impractical if not impossible for human mediated responses to these modern day fast spreading viruses. Several epidemic studies show that automatic tracking of resource usage and control is an effective method in containing the damage. In this paper we propose a state space feedback control model to detect and control the spread of these viruses by measuring the number of connections an infected host makes. The objective of the mechanism is to slow down the spreading velocity of a worm by controlling (delaying) the total number of connections made by an infected host. As expected, the model showed that the sooner the infection is detected the faster the reduction of the spreading velocity. Additionally, the deployment of a controller at different levels (host and firewall) has shown to be very promising.
A 5-Gb/s/pin Transceiver for DDR Memory Interface With a Crosstalk Suppression Scheme (2009)

A 5-Gb/s/pin transceiver for DDR memory interface is proposed with a crosstalk suppression scheme. The proposed transceiver implements a staggered memory bus topology and a glitch canceller to suppress crosstalk-induced distortions in a memory channel. The transceiver is implemented using 0.18 mum CMOS process and operates at 5 Gb/s. The results demonstrate widened eye diagram and lower bit error rate. The eye width and height of the proposed scheme increases 28.3% and 11.1% compared to the conventional memory transceiver, respectively. The peak-to-peak jitter of output data is 52.82 ps.
THE EFFECTS OF MORPHINE AND METHIONINE‐ENKEPHALIN ON THE RELEASE OF PURINES FROM CEREBRAL CORTEX SLICES OF RATS AND MICE (1981)

1 Slices of cerebral cortex from Wistar rats, TO mice or C57 mice were preincubated with [3H]-adenosine, and labelled purines were subsequently releases by electrical stimulation or by perfusing with ouabain, 100 micro M. 2 Electrically-evoked purine release was substantially reduced when the Ca2+ concentration in the medium was lowered from 2.4 to 0.1 mM. In both rats and mice, the electrically-evoked release was increased by morphine and methionine-enkephalin (Met-enkephalin), 10 micro M, and in rats and TO mice by morphine 1 micro M, both drug effects being prevented by naloxone. 3 Purine release evoked by ouabain was also increased by morphine 1 and 10 micro M, though not by Met-enkephalin, from slices of rat cortex. Ouabain-induced release from TO mice was reduced by morphine, and from C57 mice was unchanged. 4 The enhancement by morphine of electrically-evoked purine release may indicate that purines mediate some effects of morphine in the CNS.
Frequency domain criteria for the absence of zero-input limit cycles in nonlinear discrete-time systems, with applications to digital filters (1975)

On the basis of a theorem of Barkin, a number of criteria are derived which give sufficient conditions for the absence of zero-input limit cycles in discrete-time and especially digital systems. These criteria are formulated in the frequency domain and provide a possibility of investigating the absence of a zero-input limit cycle of a specific length <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> . Depending on the particular characteristics of the nonlinearities and the number of nonlinearities in the system, different criteria are obtained. Application of the criteria results in most cases in a linear programming problem. The solutions to this problem for the case of a second-order digital filter with one and with two quantization nonlinearities are discussed.
Saechtling Kunststoff Taschenbuch (2013)

You have accessSaechtling Kunststoff TaschenbuchOct 2013Saechtling Kunststoff TaschenbuchBaur, Brinkmann, Osswald, Rudolph, SchmachtenbergBaur, Brinkmann, Osswald, Rudolph, Schmachtenberghttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446437296.fmSectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF ShareFacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn next chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2013Pages: I-XXIVPrint ISBN: 978-3-446-43442-4eISBN: 978-3-446-43729-6 Copyright & Permissions© 2013 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF DownloadLoading ...
Ketone body metabolism in a ground squirrel during hibernation and fasting (1985)

Hibernating Belding's ground squirrels (Spermophilus beldingi) are ketotic relative to fed nonhibernators. Muscles from torpid individuals, when incubated in media containing physiological concentrations of glucose and ketone, show reduced uptake of glucose in the presence of ketone. The magnitude of the reduction is dependent on ketone concentration and reaches 60% in heart and 100% in pectoralis at 1.4 mM ketone. Fasted squirrels are also ketotic. However, ketone does not reduce glucose uptake in muscles from fed or fasted animals. Glucose utilization by muscles decreases during a long-term fast, but the reduction is independent of ketone. Thus both a long-term fast and hibernation lead to changes in muscle tissues that decrease their reliance on glucose as an energy source. Ketosis leads to glucose sparing during hibernation, whereas muscle glucose utilization is decreased independently of ketone during a fast. The glucose sparing achieved in both hibernation and fasting leads to conservation of body protein, the major source of gluconeogenic precursors in fasting mammals.
Performance limits of planar and multi-layer integrated inductors (2002)

The performance of integrated inductors is quantified, with respect to geometrical parameters and silicon process characteristics. A custom EDA tool is employed for modeling and simulating an assortment of inductor topologies under various process schemes. The aim is to outline inductor performance limits, mainly in terms of inductance, quality factor and resonant frequency. Also, guidelines are provided for their optimal physical design and for process enhancements that may benefit their performance in RF ICs.
Digital beam forming on transmit and receive with an AESA FMCW radar (2007)

This paper describes an active electronically scanned array (AESA) FMCW radar with eight transceivers. Each transceiver has its own Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) for signal generation which enables digital beam forming on transmit as well as on receive. The coherent operation of the eight transceivers and the capability to perform digital beam forming on transmit and receive is demonstrated.
Fast intra-prediction model selection for H.264 codec (2003)

We investigate the encoding speed improvement for H.264 with a special focus on fast intra-prediction mode selection in this work. It is possible to adopt the rate-distortion (RD) optimized mode in H.264 to maximize the coding gain at the cost of a very high computational complexity. To reduce the complexity associated with the intra-prediction mode selection, we propose a two-step fast algorithm. In the first step, we make a course-level decision to split all possible candidate modes into two groups: the group to be examined further and the group to be ignored. The sizes of these two groups are adaptively determined based on the block activities. Then, in the second step, we focus on the group of interest, and consider an RD model for final decision-making. It is demonstrated by experiment results that the proposed scheme performs 5 to 7 time faster than the current H.264 encoder (JM5.0c) with little degradation in the coding gain.
Deformable High Loading Liquid Metal Nanoparticles Composites for Thermal Energy Management (2021)

Abstract The emergence of soft electronics has led to the need for thermal management with deformable material. Recent efforts have focused on incorporating EGaIn microparticles ( ≈ 10 1 µm) into elastomer forming a thermal conductive composites. However, the shape deformation and coalescence of EGaIn particles under mechanical stress often lead to parasitic electrical conduction, imposing limitations on its utilization in thermal management. Increasing the loading of EGaIn nanoparticles (>20 vol%) often leads to brittleness of the composite. Herein, a strategy to obtain thermally conductive and soft elastomers with a high‐volume ratio of EGaIn nanoparticles (44 vol%) is introduced. Surface modification of EGaIn nanoparticles with carboxylic acid terminated polydimethylsiloxane (COOH‐PDMS‐COOH) coupled with the in situ formation of a PDMS matrix by crosslinking with the surface‐modified EGaIn nanoparticles leads to dense EGaIn nanoparticles in a PDMS matrix with effective thermal transport. Notably, despite the high‐volume ratio of EGaIn nanoparticles in the elastomer, the composite maintains a low elastic modulus (6.91 kPa) and remains electrically insulating even under mechanical stress. In addition, a distinctive anisotropic thermal conductivity of the elastomer is established upon stretching. This elastomer can be utilized as a thermal interface layer for thermoelectric devices. The resulting thermoelectric performance has promise in applications such as wearable thermo‐haptic or thermo‐sensing devices.