gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Predictive Capability Assessment of Probabilistic Machine Learning Models for Density Prediction of Conventional and Synthetic Jet Fuels (2021)

Machine Learning (ML) models are increasingly applied in the field of jet fuel property predictions due to their ability of modeling a high number of complex composition–property relationships directly on measurement data. Their applicability is still limited as for safety relevant use cases like synthetic fuel approval or aircraft design consequences of prediction errors might be too severe to be acceptable. For Machine Learning algorithms, the predictive capability strongly depends on the data utilized for the training of the models. Predictions for fuels that differ from the training data might have uncertainties that need to be systematically considered. We present an approach of utilizing the probabilistic ML algorithm Gaussian Process Regression to model jet fuel properties and estimate the uncertainty that results from limited training data. We apply this approach for the example of density over a range of −40 to 140 °C. To assess the influence of synthetic fuels on the predictive capability, two models are studied, one trained exclusively on conventional fuels data and the other one trained on the same conventional fuels and additional synthetic fuels. To quantify the predictive capability of the models, we introduce three metrics that measure the accuracy and precision of the prediction as well as the validity and reliability of the estimated prediction interval. Results show that prediction intervals can correctly be estimated by both models and a valid estimation of the predictive capability is possible. Furthermore, the addition of synthetic fuels data drastically improves the accuracy, reduces the uncertainty, and is necessary to achieve adequate predictions for the considered hold-out fuels.
Immobilization mechanisms in solidifiction/stabilization of cadmium and lead salts using portland cement fixing agents (1990)

We have investigated the behavior of Cd and Pb salts toward cement-based solidification using TCLP leaching tests, conduction calorimetry, and solid-state NMR as a function of time. Concentrations of Cd in leachates are very low, while Pb concentrations are considerably higher and would represent a serious threat to groundwater. The Cd/cement system involves Cd(OH)2, which provides nucleation sites for precipitation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) “gel” and calcium hydroxide, resulting in Cd being in the form of the insoluble hydroxide with a very impervious coating. On the other hand, the Pb/cement system involves hydroxide, sulfate, and nitrate mixed salts, which retard cement hydration reactions by forming an impervious coating around cement clinker grains. However, as pH in the cement pore waters undergoes fluctuations during the progress of hydration, the Pb salts undergo solubilization and reprecipitation on leachable surfaces of the cement matrix. © 1990, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
Role of nonenzymatically generated prostanoid, 8-iso-PGF2 alpha, in pulmonary oxygen toxicity (1994)

Oxygen delivery at higher than ambient concentrations is in frequent clinical use, yet prolonged exposure can produce pulmonary edema in humans and animals. The specific mediators of oxygen toxicity are unknown, although evidence suggests that oxygen-based radicals such as superoxide anion contribute to this injury. Recently, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), an F2-isoprostane formed by free radical-initiated lipid peroxidation of arachidonic acid, has been implicated in pulmonary injury. Nitric oxide (NO) also contributes to tissue oxygen radical load, and although believed to be beneficial, its metabolites may play a pathophysiological role by participating in lipid peroxidation and isoprostane formation. We hypothesized that 8-iso-PGF2 alpha and NO levels increase in high oxygen concentrations and that 8-iso-PGF2 alpha is associated with lung injury and accumulation of plasma albumin in pulmonary extravascular space. Levels of 8-iso-PGF2 alpha in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of rats exposed to 90% O2 at 1 atmosphere for 48 h (56 +/- 3 pg/ml) or 60 h (70 +/- 5 pg/ml) were significantly increased compared with levels in ambient air-exposed control rats (36 +/- 5 pg/ml). NO levels in BALF of rats exposed to 90% O2 at 1 atmosphere for 60 h were increased 50% compared with NO levels in BALF of rats exposed to ambient air or 48 h of 90% O2 (P < 0.05). Accumulation of radiolabeled plasma albumin in lung parenchyma of rats inhaling 8-iso-PGF2 alpha was also examined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Analysis of Row Hammer Attack on STTRAM (2018)

In this paper, we model and investigate the impact of Row Hammering (RH) on Spin-Transfer Torque RAM (STTRAM) by exploiting its write operation. STTRAM suffers from high write current and long write latency which can result in ground bounce. The magnitude of the bounce depends on the old data and the new data that is being written. The bounce can propagate to the nearest word-line drivers and partially turn ON the access transistors making weak current flow through the memory bitcells and reducing their thermal energy barrier. Therefore, continuous write at a particular location can force the massive number of unselected bits to suffer from degraded thermal barrier due to weak RH current. Reduced thermal barrier may lead to retention failures and make the bits sensitive to stray magnetic field/thermal noise. Those bits can also suffer from read disturb if they are read. These issues could be even worse for Short Retention NVM (SRNVM) which is suitable for Last Level Cache (LLC) and has a base retention of only few seconds. The ground bounce can also propagate to bitline/ source-line drivers and the selected cells will experience lower headroom voltage. This will lead to read failure (due to degraded sense margin) and write failure (due to increased write latency). Simulation result indicates that RH attack can flip the bits in just 30.84secs for STTRAM with base retention of 1 min. In presence of elevated temperature, the retention time can be further reduced to 2.46secs and 0.19secs for T=50C and T=75C respectively. RH attack can increase read disturb by 2.09X for bitcell with 1min base retention at T=25C. Simulation result also indicates that RH attack can cause read/write failure if the bitcell being read/written experience 306mV (for data 0)/110mV (for writing 0 –> 1) of bounce. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first RH attack study for STTRAM-based cache.
Advanced simulation of tower crane operation utilizing system dynamics modeling and lean principles (2010)

Tower cranes are one of the major equipments used in the construction of high-rise buildings. Simulation is an effective tool in modeling complex construction operations such as tower crane lifting. Lean principles combined with a simulation module can significantly reduce the cost and improve time management of construction. This paper presents an integrated system dynamics model with Lean concepts to simulate tower crane operations. This paper also presents a new type of tower crane with the following innovative futures: 1) two jibs; 2) propellers to swing the crane; and 3) wireless video monitoring technology. This double-jib crane will potentiality improve the productivity of the crane operation. A case example is presented and the results of the model are used to illustrate the advantages of utilizing a double-jib crane in the construction process. The results indicate that advance simulation techniques can minimize the resource requirements of crane operation.
The two phyto-oestrogens genistein and quercetin exert different effects on oestrogen receptor function (1999)

We compared the oestrogenic and anti-oestrogenic properties of the two well-known phyto-oestrogens, genistein and quercetin, on the oestrogen-sensitive breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Genistein exerted a biphasic effect on growth of MCF-7 cells, stimulating at low and inhibiting at high concentrations, whereas quercetin was only growth inhibitory. At doses which did not inhibit cell growth, respectively 5 and 1 microM, genistein and quercetin counteracted oestrogen- and transforming growth factor-alpha-promoted cell growth stimulation. Furthermore, genistein promoted transcription of the oestrogen-regulated genes pS2 and cathepsin-D, whereas quercetin interfered with the oestrogen-induced expression of the proteins. In in vitro binding experiments, genistein competed with oestradiol for binding to the oestrogen receptor (ER), but quercetin did not. Quercetin and genistein down-regulated cytoplasmic ER levels and promoted a tighter nuclear association of the ER, but only genistein was able to up-regulate progesterone receptor protein levels. In gel mobility assays, ER preincubation with oestradiol or with the two phyto-oestrogens led to the appearance of the same retarded band, excluding differences between the various complexes in binding to the consensus sequence. The data allowed us to conclude that quercetin acts like a pure anti-oestrogen, whereas genistein displays mixed agonist/antagonist properties, and to formulate a hypothesis on the possible mechanism of action of such phyto-oestrogens.
Trusted third party based mutual authentication in UPT system (2002)

The authentication requirements in an UPT system are analyzed in detail. As a variable authentication code mechanism is intended for local unilateral authentication, it is necessary to give solutions for mutual authentication between UPT users and the UPT system for the UPT phase 2 or later. Based on the analysis of several existing multi-pass authentication protocols, two new protocols are proposed using symmetrical and asymmetrical algorithms respectively, both including a trusted third party to provide UPT user personal mobility and network transparency.
Single‐injection paravertebral block compared to general anaesthesia in breast surgery (1999)

Single-injection paravertebral block at the level of T4 represents a suitable alternative to general anaesthesia in women undergoing breast surgery.
Aluminum based cathode structure for enhanced electron injection in electroluminescent organic devices (1998)

Cathodes made with Al–LiF or Al–CsF composites are found to greatly enhance the performance of organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). With a composite cathode, devices based on an organic bilayer structure have shown lower operating voltage, higher efficiency, and better forward light output than devices with LiF/Al, Mg, or Al cathode. Unlike devices with an Al and Li alloy cathode, OLEDs with a composite cathode can be made with good reproducibility.
Brain tumors: detection with C-11 choline PET. (1997)

C-11 choline PET can depict brain tumors effectively. This method was clinically useful in patients who had undergone surgery.
Intracellular <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and antibiotic resistance: Implications for treatment of staphylococcal osteomyelitis (2005)

antibiotic sensitivities of S. aureus do not change after exposure to the osteoblast intracellular environment. Human and mouse osteoblast cultures were infected and S. aureus cells were allowed to invade. Following times 0, 12, 24, and 48 h ( +/- the addition of erythromycin, clindamycin, and rifampin at times 0 or 12 h), the osteoblasts were lysed and intracellular bacteria enumerated. Transmission electron microscopy was performed on extracellular and intracellular S. aureus cells. In mouse osteoblasts, administration of bacteriostatic antibiotics at time 0 prevented the increase in intracellular S. aureus. If the antibiotics were delayed 12 h, this did not occur. When rifampin (bactericidal) was introduced at time 0 to human and mouse osteoblasts, there was a significant decrease in number of intracellular S. aureus within osteoblasts compared to control. If rifampin was delayed 12 h, this did not occur. Significant time-dependent S. aureus structural changes were observed after exposure to the osteoblast intracellular environment. These studies demonstrate that once S. aureus is established intracellularly for 12 h, the bacteria are less sensitive to antibiotics capable of eukaryotic cell penetration (statistically significant). These antibiotic sensitivity changes could be due in part to the observed structural changes. This leads to the rejection of our null hypotheses that the antibiotic sensitivities of S. aureus are unaltered by their location.
Hysteresis based neural oscillators for VLSI implementations (1991)

Four different hysteresis-based neural oscillator circuits are discussed. They differ basically, in the input/output relationship of the neuron: either a sharp transition between the on and off states, or a smooth sigmoidal one. Experimental results are given for the first circuit. The other three structures, which are modifications of the first one, are validated through computer circuit simulations. The use of the different structures is application dependent.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Induction of apoptosis by flavones, flavonols (3-hydroxyflavones) and isoprenoid-substituted flavonoids in human oral tumor cell lines. (2000)

Various flavones, flavonols (3-hydroxyflavones) and isoprenoid-substituted flavones (flavonols) were investigated for their cytotoxic activity. Most of these compounds were more cytotoxic against human oral squamous cell carcinoma and salivary gland tumor cell lines than human gingival fibroblasts. The cytotoxic activity of flavonoids was generally higher than that of tannin-related compounds. Flavonoids induced apoptotic cell death characterized by DNA fragmentation (as identified by TUNEL method) and activation of caspase(s) (as identified by degradation products of cytokeratin 18 with M30 monoclonal antibody). ESR spectroscopy revealed that higher concentrations of flavonoids produced radicals under alkaline conditions. However, not all of them enhanced the radical intensity of sodium ascorbate, suggesting that the redox potential of flavonoids differs considerably from samples to samples. Catalase failed to eliminate the cytotoxic activity of flavonoids, reducing the possibility of the involvement of hydrogen peroxide for the cytotoxicity induction by them.
Synthesis and antialdosterone activity of substituted 2,3,3-triphenylpropylamines (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and antialdosterone activity of substituted 2,3,3-triphenylpropylaminesBenjamin Blank, William A. Zuccarello, Suzanne R. Cohen, Gertrude J. Frishmuth, and Daniel ScaricaciottoliCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1969, 12, 5, 873–876Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1969https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00305a036RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (437 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A portable array biosensor for food safety (2004)

An array biosensor developed for simultaneous analysis of multiple samples has been utilized to develop assays for toxins and pathogens in a variety of foods. The biochemical component of the multi-analyte biosensor consists of a patterned array of biological recognition elements immobilized on the surface of a planar waveguide. A fluorescence assay is performed on the patterned surface, yielding an array of fluorescent spots, the locations of which are used to identify what analyte is present. Signal transduction is accomplished by means of a diode laser for fluorescence excitation, optical filters and a CCD camera for image capture. A laptop computer controls the miniaturized fluidics system and image capture. Results for four mycotoxin competition assays in buffer and food samples are presented.
Breastfeeding and the Risk of Childhood Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis (2004)

This meta-analysis showed that both short-term and long-term breastfeeding reduced the risk of childhood ALL and AML, suggesting that the protective effect of breastfeeding might not be limited to ALL as earlier hypothesized. Potential bias introduced by different participation rates for case and control samples that differed in SES can be minimized by implementing larger case-control studies with SES-matched, population-based controls.
Comparison Between Antigen-Antibody Binding Energies and Interfacial Free Energies (1977)

Antigen-antibody binding energies derived from equilibrium data are compared with the binding energies resulting from the interfacial free energies obtained from contact angle measurements of antigens and antibodies. From these interfacial free energies two sorts of theoretical antigen-antibody binding energies can be derived, as well as the Hamaker constants for most antigen-antibody systems. For interaction in vacuo the Hamaker constants obtained are between 4 and 6 X 10(-13) ergs, while these constants for hydrated antigen antibody interactions are less than 10(-14) ergs. For interactions in vacuo, interfacial free energies yield binding energies (delta Fa) that lie between -120 and -140 ergs/cm2. For interactions in the aqueous phase (with interstitial water still present), much lower binding energies (delta Fb) are derived, of the order of -.01 and -1 ergs/cm2. In comparison, dextran-anti-dextran interactions show a binding energy derived from equilibrium data (delta Feq) of the order of -10 ergs/cm2. In general the equilibrium binding energies delta Feq of most antigen-antibody systems would vary between -1 and -20 ergs/cm2. The implications of this comparison are discussed in the light of the influence of residual water between antigenic determinant and antibody-active site, as well as in the light of the degree of perfection of fit between these sites.
Fault-tree analysis of technological failures (2002)

The technological development process at the company level in a developing country is a complex, longitudinal process and is laden with many a failure. Failures can be either at the adoption, adaptation or innovation stages. This article, based on a field study of 89 manufacturing firms in the Indian capital goods sector, presents technological failures occurring at different stages. Results show that inappropriate selection, lack of focused adoption, and lack of focused adaptation are the primary causes of technological failures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
THE DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF PURINE INHIBITORS OF CDK2. III (2001)

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) belong to a class of enzymes that control the ability of a cell to enter into and proceed through the cell division cycle. Using purine as a scaffold, we have synthesized a number of nanomolar inhibitors of CDK-2/cyclin E. In this report, the synthesis of a series of piperidine-substituted purine analogs will be presented, as well as some of their in vitro and in vivo biological effects.
Altered State Dependence of C-Type Inactivation in the Long and Short Forms of Human Kv1.5 (2001)

Evidence from both human and murine cardiomyocytes suggests that truncated isoforms of Kv1.5 can be expressed in vivo. Using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, we have characterized the activation and inactivation properties of Kv1.5DeltaN209, a naturally occurring short form of human Kv1.5 that lacks roughly 75% of the T1 domain. When expressed in HEK 293 cells, this truncated channel exhibited a V(1/2) of -19.5 +/- 0.9 mV for activation and -35.7 +/- 0.7 mV for inactivation, compared with a V(1/2) of -11.2 +/- 0.3 mV for activation and -0.9 +/- 1.6 mV for inactivation in full-length Kv.15. Kv1.5DeltaN209 channels exhibited several features rarely observed in voltage-gated K(+) channels and absent in full-length Kv1.5, including a U-shaped voltage dependence of inactivation and "excessive cumulative inactivation," in which a train of repetitive depolarizations resulted in greater inactivation than a continuous pulse. Kv1.5DeltaN209 also exhibited a stronger voltage dependence to recovery from inactivation, with the time to half-recovery changing e-fold over 30 mV compared with 66 mV in full-length Kv1.5. During trains of human action potential voltage clamps, Kv1.5DeltaN209 showed 30-35% greater accumulated inactivation than full-length Kv1.5. These results can be explained with a model based on an allosteric model of inactivation in Kv2.1 (Klemic, K.G., C.-C. Shieh, G.E. Kirsch, and S.W. Jones. 1998. Biophys. J. 74:1779-1789) in which an absence of the NH(2) terminus results in accelerated inactivation from closed states relative to full-length Kv1.5. We suggest that differential expression of isoforms of Kv1.5 may contribute to K(+) current diversity in human heart and many other tissues.
Linewidth enhancement factor in strained quantum well lasers (1990)

The linewidth enhancement factor α in an In0.2Ga0.8As/GaAs strained-layer multiple quantum well (MQW) laser has been determined from the spontaneous emission spectra below threshold. The measured α at the lasing wavelength is found to be 1.0 compared to a value of 5 typically observed for InGaAsP/InP double-heterostructure lasers. The smaller α shows that single wavelength strained MQW lasers may have smaller chirp width under modulation and also smaller cw linewidth.
Studies on metal complex formation of environmentally friendly aminopolycarboxylate chelating agents (2008)

Aminopolykarboksyylaatteja, kuten etyleenidiamiinitetraetikkahappoa (EDTA), on käytetty useiden vuosikymmenien ajan erinomaisen metalli-ionien sitomiskyvyn vuoksi kelatointiaineena lukuisissa sovelluksissa sekä analytiikassa että monilla teollisisuuden aloilla. Näiden yhdisteiden biohajoamattomuus on kuitenkin herättänyt huolta viime aikoina, sillä niiden on havaittu olevan hyvin pysyviä luonnossa. Tämä työ on osa laajempaa tutkimushanketta, jossa on tavoitteena löytää korvaavia kelatointiaineita EDTA:lle. Tutkimuksen aiheena on kuuden kelatointiaineen metalli-ionien sitomiskyvyn kartoitus. EDTA:a paremmin luonnossa hajoavina nämä ovat ympäristöystävällisiä ehdokkaita korvaaviksi kelatointiaineiksi useisiin sovelluksiin. Työssä tutkittiin niiden kompleksinmuodostusta useiden metalli-ionien kanssa potentiometrisella titrauksella. Metalli-ionivalikoima vaihteli hieman kelatointiaineesta riippuen sisältäen magnesium-, kalsium-, mangaani-, rauta-, kupari-, sinkki-, kadmium-, elohopea-, lyijy- ja lantaani-ionit. Tutkittavat metallit oli valittu tähtäimessä olevien sovellusten, synteesissä ilmenneiden ongelmien tai ympäristönäkökohtien perusteella. Tulokset osoittavat näiden yhdisteiden metallinsitomiskyvyn olevan jonkin verran heikompi kuin EDTA:lla, mutta kuitenkin riittävän useisiin sovelluksiin kuten sellunvalkaisuprosessiin. Myrkyllisten raskasmetallien, kadmiumin, elohopen ja lyijyn kohdalla EDTA:a heikompi sitoutuminen on eduksikin, koska se yhdistettynä parempaan biohajoavuuteen saattaa alentaa tutkittujen yhdisteiden kykyä mobilisoida kyseisiä metalleja sedimenteistä. Useimmilla tutkituista yhdisteistä on ympäristönäkökulmasta etuna myös EDTA:a pienempi typpipitoisuus.