gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of electrolytic reduction of carbon-halogen bond. II. A rho sigma study (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of electrolytic reduction of carbon-halogen bond. II. A rho sigma studyJohn W. Sease, Frederick G. Burton, and Stephen L. NickolCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 10, 2595–2598Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01012a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01012a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views467Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>On-line dimensional gauge for glass and plastic containers</title> (1993)

Lens offset, an image combining prism and a shadow graph are used to meet the performance objectives of an on-line precision dimensional gauge for transparent containers using focal plane array sensors and digital image processing.
Buckling Analysis of Multi-Step Non-Uniform Columns (2000)

An analytical procedure for the elastic buckling of a multi-step nonuniform column subjected to concentrated axial compressive forces is presented in this paper. The governing differential equation for the buckling problem is established. Special solutions of the governing equation for five different types of nonuniform columns are given. The procedure for determining the fundamental solutions that satisfy the normalization conditions is proposed. using the fundamental solutions and a recurrence formula developed in this paper, the bending moment function that includes only one unknown parameter for each step column can be easily determined. Thus, it is convenient to establish the eigenvalue equation for buckling of a multi-step non-uniform column in terms of the normalized fundamental solutions of the governing equation. The eigenvalue equations for three general boundary conditions are given. A numerical example shows that the proposed procedure for determining the critical buckling force of a multi-step non-uniform column with general boundary conditions is a simple, efficient and exact method.
Modeling of the Reaction for Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of Silicon Dioxide (1985)

A reaction model developed by Hitchman and Kane for semi‐insulating polysilicon (SIPOS) deposition is adapted to the case of silicon dioxide growth on silicon wafers at low temperature and pressure. The model is used to explain the radial nonuniformities associated with the oxide deposition process and the function of a cage surrounding the wafers. The effect of providing openings in the cage for introduction of reactants is examined. The proportionality of oxide growth rate and silane flow rate, as well as a near‐linear dependence of growth rate on wafer spacing, are also interpretable in terms of the reaction model.
Ordering policies for an inventory system with three supply modes (1996)

This article explores ordering policies for inventory systems with three supply modes. This model is particularly interesting because the optimal ordering decision needs to balance the inventory and purchase costs, as well as the costs for earlier and later periods. The latter cost trade-off is present only in inventory systems with three or more supply modes. Therefore, the result not only offers guidelines for the operation of the concerned inventory systems, but also provides valuable insight into the complex cost trade-offs when more supply modes are available. We assume that the difference between the lead times is one period, and the inventory holding and shortage costs are linear. We analyze two cases and obtain the structure of the optimal ordering policy. Moreover, in the first case, explicit formulas are derived to calculate the optimal order-up-to levels. In the second case, although the optimal order-up-to levels are functions of the initial inventory state and are not obtained in closed form, their properties are discussed. We also develop heuristic ordering policies based on the news-vendor model. Our numerical experiments suggest that the heuristic policies perform reasonably well. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Limited Diversity among Human Isolates of <i>Bartonella henselae</i> (2002)

A study of 59 isolates of Bartonella henselae reveals relatively limited diversity among those of human origin (n = 28). Either of two distinct alleles of both gltA and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was found in all isolates, with a high level of congruity between 16S and gltA inheritance among proven human pathogens. Human isolates from all over Eastern Australia were most commonly 16S rDNA (Bergmans) type I, with the same gltA allele as the type strain (Houston-1). Comparable feline isolates were more commonly 16S type II, with less congruity of inheritance between 16S and gltA alleles. Previously described arbitrarily primed PCR and EagI-HhaI infrequent restriction site PCR fingerprinting techniques separated Bartonella species effectively but lacked discriminating power within B. henselae. Examination of the 16-23S intergenic spacer region revealed for several strains several point mutations as well as a repeat sequence of unknown significance which is readily detected by HaeIII restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The bacteriophage-associated papA gene was present in all isolates. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR proved to be a useful and robust typing tool and clearly separated human isolates (including imported strains) from the majority of feline isolates. Our data are consistent with published evidence and with previous suggestions of intragenomic rearrangements in the type strain and suggest that human isolates come from a limited subset of B. henselae strains. They strengthen arguments for careful exploration of genotype-phenotype relationships and for the development of a multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing-based approach to the phylogeny of B. henselae.
여성 사춘기 - 내분비학적 관점으로 - (1978)

사춘기의 정의, 호칭 및 범위는 학자에 따라 구구하며 묘연하다. 사춘기에서는 육체적으로나 정신적으로나 가장 극적변화를 하는데 그 근원은 시상하부, 성선계, 부신, 갑상선등의 내분비선발달에 귀인된다. 소아의 혈중 gonadotropin과 sex hormone 농도는 성인에 비하여 저조하므로 도래의 bioassay, 화학적 방법으로서는 측정 불가능하다. 따라서 소아기의 혈중 호르몬 동태와 그 시상하부-RIA(Radioimmuno assay)의 진보에 따라 신생아, 소아의 혈중 sex hormone의 년령적 변동 및 LH, FSH와의 관계-성선계의 변화 및 그 임상적인 성성숙과의 관계등의 지견이 연차로 보고되고 있다.
Chlorophosphate Process for Dicalcium Phosphate (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChlorophosphate Process for Dicalcium PhosphateE. J. Fox and K. G. ClarkCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1943, 35, 12, 1264–1268Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1943https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50408a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50408a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Point mutations in the inc antisense RNA gene are associated with increased plasmid copy number, expression of blaCMY-2 and resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam in Escherichia coli (2011)

These findings demonstrate that inc point mutations can be associated with increased copy number of a 100 kb IncI1 plasmid, and lead to increased bla(CMY-2) expression and piperacillin/tazobactam resistance.
The histopathology of septic acute kidney injury: a systematic review (2008)

There are no consistent renal histopathological changes in human or experimental septic AKI. The majority of studies reported normal histology or only mild, nonspecific changes. ATN was relatively uncommon.
Numerical Prediction of Car Tire Wear (2004)

Abstract Due to their many economic and ecological implications, the possibility to predict tire wear is of major importance to tire manufacturers, fleet owners and governments. Based on these observations, in 2000, a three‐year project named TROWS (Tire and Road Wear and Slip assessment) was started. One of the TROWS objectives is to provide a tool able to numerically predict tire global wear as well as to qualitatively determine the wear distribution. The proposed methodology combines a mathematical model of the tire with an experimentally determined local friction and wear law. Thus, tire abrasion due to each single maneuver can be determined. Full‐scale experimental tests were carried out with two Peugeot 406 cars on a public road course in Italy. Each car was equipped with a different set of tires: one car was equipped with four all‐season tires (from now on called A tires) and the other car was equipped with four winter tires (from now on called B tires). Both sets of tires had a 195/65 R15 size. The collected data was used to validate the model. The methodology proved to give qualitatively good tire wear predictions.
Ghost Pruning for People Localization in Overlapping Multicamera Systems (2014)

In this paper, we propose a novel ghost pruning technique for multicamera people localization in overlapping scenarios. First, synergy map is obtained from multiplanar projections across multiple overlapping cameras. Second, occupancy map is generated by back projection from the synergy map across various image layers. This back projected occupancy map is combined with constraints to remove ghosts. The novelty of this paper is the introduction of an intuitive ghost pruning technique, which does not require any temporal information. Experiments on a sequence of the PETS 2009 dataset show significant reduction in the number of ghosts. The purpose and novelty of this paper is focused to the ghost pruning module but detection metrics show results comparable to those of the complete, state-of-the-art multicamera object detection systems.
5-Amino-4-Imidazolecarboxamide Riboside Potentiates Both Transport of Reduced Folates and Antifolates by the Human Reduced Folate Carrier and Their Subsequent Metabolism (2006)

Transport is required before reduced folates and anticancer antifolates [e.g., methotrexate (MTX)] exert their physiologic functions or cytotoxic effects. The folate/antifolate transporter with the widest tissue distribution and greatest activity is the reduced folate carrier (RFC). There is little evidence that RFC-mediated influx is posttranscriptionally regulated. We show that [(3)H]MTX influx in CCRF-CEM human childhood T-leukemia cells is potentiated up to 6-fold by exogenous 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside (AICAr) in a AICAr and MTX concentration-dependent manner. Metabolism to more biologically active polyglutamate forms is also potentiated for MTX and other antifolates. That potentiation of influx by AICAr is mediated by effects on the RFC is supported by analyses +/-AICAr showing (a) similarity and magnitude of kinetic constants for [(3)H]MTX influx; (b) similarity of inhibitory potency of known RFC substrates; (c) lack of potentiation in a CCRF-CEM subline that does not express the RFC; and (d) similarity of time and temperature dependence. Potentiation occurs rapidly and does not require new protein synthesis. Effects of specific inhibitors of folate metabolism and the time and sequence of AICAr incubation with cells suggest that both dihydrofolate reductase inhibition and metabolism of AICAr are essential for potentiation. Acute folate deficiency or incubation of CCRF-CEM with AICAr-related metabolites (e.g., adenosine) does not initiate potentiation. AICAr increases growth inhibitory potency of MTX and aminopterin against CCRF-CEM cells when both AICAr and antifolate are present for the first 24 hours of a 120-hour growth period. AICAr is the first small molecule that regulates RFC activity.
Treatment of Plantar Warts by Blunt Dissection (1973)

A method is described for the treatment of plantar warts with a blunt instrument which allows complete and easy removal of warty tissue with minimal trauma and bleeding. The cure rate with one treatment was 85%, after follow-up periods averaging ten months (minimum of six months). This is compared with other therapeutic modalities. Other advantages of this method are easy control of bleeding, short duration of pain (average of three days), and absence of tender scar formation.
Vertical microvia connections achieved using a unique conductive composite material (2002)

A novel base technology applicable to all major packaging and redistribution elements in an electronic module is presented. A unique polymer/metal composite conductor family based on transient liquid phase sintering (TLPS) can be used for chip package and PWB substrate applications, in interlayer connections, and for SMT assembly. High density multilayer circuits with landless blind and buried vias are fabricated by conductor paste filling of photoimaged dielectrics and thermal processing. Via layers are similarly prepared directly on the inherently planarized circuit layer. Circuit traces as fine as 50 /spl mu/m lines/spaces and vias as small as 75 /spl mu/m have been produced. Building up layers sequentially in this way allows additive fabrication on various materials, including metal substrates. These organic-metallic Ormet/sup (R)/ composites have also been used in interlayer connections between two-sided circuits to form vertical interconnects between circuit pads. This parallel build-up approach uses a standard lamination process to achieve vertical connections. Vias less than 100 /spl mu/m have been used to connect the pads. Fine line two-sided circuits can also be attached as a patch to low density boards to provide localized high density areas. Variations of the composite conductor can also replace solder for surface mount and COB assembly. These reliable, high thermal/electrical conductivity materials are compatible with standard metal finishes of conventional technologies and can be used piecemeal as desired, but the largest reliability and cost benefit is realized when all of the elements are used together.
Use of Vancomycin, Colistimethate, Nystatin Medium to Transport Gonococcal Specimens (1970)

Mary H. Robinson, Clayton Hicks, Gary Davidson, Use of Vancomycin, Colistimethate, Nystatin Medium to Transport Gonococcal Specimens, Public Health Reports (1896-1970), Vol. 85, No. 5 (May, 1970), pp. 390-392
OIL FLAIR: Optimized interleaved fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery in 2D fast spin echo (1996)

Inversion recovery may be used to suppress signal from cerebrospinal fluid, a technique which has been named "fluid attenuated with inversion recovery" (FLAIR). This report describes interleaving a slice selective inversion pulse within a rapid spin-echo sequence to obtain the desirable contrast characteristics of FLAIR in imaging times comparable to standard rapid spin echo. Additionally, the pulse repetition time is allowed to float above a defined minimum, which can further shorten scan times and dramatically ease the optimization process. The optimized interleaved sequence is referred to as OIL FLAIR.
Adaptive Power Allocation for Cooperative Relaying System in Fading Wireless Channel (2007)

Cooperative relaying technique is a promising technique to provide high rate data transmission. In this paper, optimal power adaptation which maximizes the capacity of relaying system in time-variant wireless channel is addressed. Different from the existing power adaptation methods, where the total instantaneous transmit power of the source terminal and the relay terminal is fixed, the total transmit power is allowed to vary with the channel fading state. We develop an equivalent channel gain model for both the amplify-and- forward and the decode-and-forward relaying mode, based on the optimal power adaptation between the source and the relay. Using the equivalent channel gain model, the relaying channel is modeled as an equivalent direct transmission channel. Then, the optimal power adaptation is found by the time domain water- filling approach. With the time-varying nature of wireless fading channel exploited, our approach is capable of achieving higher channel capacity than the existing power adaptation methods.
Noise and Disturbance Reduction for Heart Sounds in Cycle-Frequency Domain Based on Nonlinear Time Scaling (2009)

Through an investigation of various clinical cases, heart sounds are found to be quasi-cyclostationary. Nonlinear time scaling from cycle-to-cycle is proposed to enhance cyclic stationarity, where nonlinear time scaling is approximated by a piecewise linear function. The techniques of cyclostationary signal processing are employed in this paper to reduce noise and disturbance in the cycle-frequency domain. Heart sounds can be theoretically recovered in the presence of additive, zero mean noise, and disturbance (perhaps non-Gaussian, nonstationary, or colored). The experimental tests in various conditions confirm the theoretical results.
Preparation of Quantized-CdS Doped Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Films. Optical and Morphological Properties (1990)

Abstract Optically transparent poly(methyl methacrylate) films incorporated with CdS quantum crystallites are prepared by using pyridine-soluble phenyl-capped CdS microcrystallites (av. 2–8 nm). The morphology of the CdS in the films is characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy and TEM, and the film doped with av. 8-nm CdS is found to have large third-order nonlinearity by degenerate four-wave mixing technique.
Novel Pyrrolo[3,2- <i>d</i> ]pyrimidine Compounds Target Mitochondrial and Cytosolic One-carbon Metabolism with Broad-spectrum Antitumor Efficacy (2019)

Folate-dependent one-carbon (C1) metabolism is compartmentalized into the mitochondria and cytosol and supports cell growth through nucleotide and amino acid biosynthesis. Mitochondrial C1 metabolism, including serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) 2, provides glycine, NAD(P)H, ATP, and C1 units for cytosolic biosynthetic reactions, and is implicated in the oncogenic phenotype across a wide range of cancers. Whereas multitargeted inhibitors of cytosolic C1 metabolism, such as pemetrexed, are used clinically, there are currently no anticancer drugs that specifically target mitochondrial C1 metabolism. We used molecular modeling to design novel small-molecule pyrrolo[3,2-<i>d</i>]pyrimidine inhibitors targeting mitochondrial C1 metabolism at SHMT2. <i>In vitro</i> antitumor efficacy was established with the lead compounds (<b>AGF291</b>, <b>AGF320</b>, <b>AGF347</b>) toward lung, colon, and pancreatic cancer cells. Intracellular targets were identified by metabolic rescue with glycine and nucleosides, and by targeted metabolomics using a stable isotope tracer, with confirmation by <i>in vitro</i> assays with purified enzymes. In addition to targeting SHMT2, inhibition of the cytosolic purine biosynthetic enzymes, β-glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase and/or 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase, and SHMT1 was also established. <b>AGF347</b> generated significant <i>in vivo</i> antitumor efficacy with potential for complete responses against both early-stage and upstage MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic tumor xenografts, providing compelling proof-of-concept for therapeutic targeting of SHMT2 and cytosolic C1 enzymes by this series. Our results establish structure-activity relationships and identify exciting new drug prototypes for further development as multitargeted antitumor agents.
Protective effects of icariin on neurons injured by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. (2005)

Icariin has protective effects on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injured neurons. And decreasing cell apoptosis, preventing intracellular calcium concentration elevation and enhancing anti-oxidant capacity may contribute to its protective effects.
Outside edge: the value of external consultancy (2005)

Sandy Brown and colleagues ask: where should the NHS find the expertise to change and improve its services?
Oral anticoagulants are effective long term after acute myocardial infarction (1999)

Three long-term studies on oral anticoagulation, the Sixty Plus trial, the WARIS study, and the ASPECT trial all meet the methodological requirements for modern stand alone clinical trials: large number of patients, double-blinded, placebo-controlled design, and intention to treat analysis. All demonstrate significant reduction in recurrent myocardial infarction, and all show reduction in the risk of total stroke. The WARIS study, however, is the only study demonstrating efficacy in terms of statistically significant reduction of all-cause mortality. These findings are confirmed by a recent meta-analysis. The overall benefit of oral anticoagulation after myocardial infarction suggests avoidance of 4-26 events per 100 patients treated for 2-3 years. Given the results from the trials applying the most adequate control of anticoagulation, avoidance of 10-14 events per 100 patients treated seems to be a realistic benefit. Provided there is sound management of the anticoagulant therapy, especially employment of suitable control methods, the incidence of bleeding may be kept at a low level.
Polymer conformation and NMR chemical shifts, 6. Alternating copolymer of α‐methylene‐γ‐butyrolactone with styrene (1982)

Abstract In view of the structural resemblance of α‐methylene‐γ‐butyrolactone to methyl methacrylate, conformation and NMR chemical shifts of poly(α‐methylene‐γ‐butyrolactone‐ alt ‐styrene). are calculated and compared with those of poly(methyl methacrylate‐ alt ‐styrene). The conformational energy surfaces for the dyad sequence models of the both copolymers are analogous to each other, as is expected from the similarity in the constituting monomeric units. Agreement of calculation with observation is satisfactory with respect to the cotacticity‐dependent splittings in the 13 C NMR spectra and is improved by the fixation of a substituent in poly(α‐methylene‐γ‐butyrolactone‐ alt ‐styrene). Calculation of 1 H chemical shifts gives an alignment of NMR signals which is in accordance with the observation.