gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Putting Home Storage Management into Perspective (CMU-PDL-06-110) (2018)

Perspective is a decentralized data management system for the growing collection of consumer electronics that store and access digital content. Perspective uses a new construct, called the view, to concisely describe which data objects each device may store and access. By knowing the views in the system, a device can know which devices may need to hear about any particular update and which devices to contact for a particular search query. By exchanging views, an ensemble of devices can coordinate and share data efficiently without relying on a centralized server; it works the same in the home or for a subset of devices outside the home. Experiments with Perspective confirm that views improve ensemble creation and search performance, by avoiding costs that are linear in the number of objects stored, without penalizing performance relative to an ideal centralized server setup.
Chemically modifying the mechanical properties of core–shell liquid metal nanoparticles (2019)

Eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) is a room temperature liquid metal that can be readily fabricated into nanoparticles which naturally form a thin, passivating gallium oxide shell. These core-shell nanoparticles are of interest for a variety of stimuli-responsive applications, which often utilize physical deformation of the particles to release the molten, conductive payload from within the gallium oxide shell. In the present work, we introduce a variety of chemical strategies to produce EGaIn nanoparticles which exhibit a wide range of gallium oxide shell thicknesses. These chemically modified oxide thicknesses are then correlated to the core-shell liquid nanoparticles' mechanical properties by subjecting the particles to orthogonal characterization techniques; XPS for measurement of the gallium oxide shell thickness and nanoindentation for measurement of particle stiffness and elastic modulus. Additionally, nanoindentation is used to determine the onset of particle rupture and resultant conductivity. Ultimately, quantification of the relationships between chemical treatment and derivative mechanical properties in liquid metal nanoparticles will enable advanced applications of these colloids, such as in tailored self-healing and responsive electronic devices.
Progesterone Levels Before and After Laparoscopic Tubal Sterilization Using Endotherm Coagulation (1983)

Tubal sterilization can be performed by several surgical methods. It has often been reported that menstrual disorders appear after the operations, probably caused by hormonal disturbance. However, there is no published systematic study of the ovarian hormonal status after sterilization. In the present prospective study therefore, the plasma progesterone level has been determined during one menstrual cycle before and one after endotherm tubal laparoscopic coagulation. Plasma progesterone was chosen as normal levels of this hormone during the luteal phase reflect ovulation and an adequate corpus luteum. The endotherm coagulation method does not appear to cause any progesterone malfunction in the ovary.
Atomic implantation of Nb in amorphous Nb2O5 by rf sputtering (1975)

It is shown that amorphous Nb2O5 films 2400 Å thick produced by anodization can be doped with Nb by rf sputtering of Nb atoms at substrate temperatures of 150°C. Large increases in electrical conductivity, reductions in thermal activation energy, and increases in capacitance as function of sputtering voltage in the range 2−5 kV support this interpretation. The high−field conduction process also changes from the Poole−Frankel mechanism often found in insulating films, where the conductance G = G0 exp(KV1/2) to the Poole mechanism where G = G0 exp(KV) found in Nb doped films. The doping concentration for 2400−Å films was calculated using the experimental values of the exponent K and found to be 1019 atoms/cm3 for films sputtered with Nb at an rf voltage of 3 kV. Capacitance variation as a function of voltage and temperature also support these conclusions. These effects are interpreted on the basis of possible implantation and temperature−aided diffusion process.
Hemispherical lens based imaging receiver for MIMO optical wireless communications (2012)

White lighting LED based systems are emerging as an important form of high data rate communications, especially for indoor applications. Two limitations of existing systems are the small field of view of typical receivers and the poor performance of optical wireless MIMO due to lack of spatial diversity. In this paper we describe a novel design which overcomes these problems by using a hemispherical lens in the receiver. We show that the new system has a wide field of view and also provides significant spatial diversity for typical MIMO visible light scenarios. Numerical results are provided for a range of LED transmitters with different half power semi-angles. Our analysis shows that systems can be designed with adequate channel gain for angles of incidence as large as 70 degrees. The optical power density is also calculated to show the received optical power distributions for the case of four LED transmitters. The results indicate that the images of the LEDs are clearly separated. This reduces the channel correlations between individual transmitters and receivers and thus promises a significant diversity order for MIMO optical wireless systems.
Carbon catabolite repression in<i>Pseudomonas</i>: optimizing metabolic versatility and interactions with the environment (2010)

Metabolically versatile free-living bacteria have global regulation systems that allow cells to selectively assimilate a preferred compound among a mixture of several potential carbon sources. This process is known as carbon catabolite repression (CCR). CCR optimizes metabolism, improving the ability of bacteria to compete in their natural habitats. This review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms responsible for CCR in the bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas, which can live in many different habitats. Although the information available is still limited, the molecular mechanisms responsible for CCR in Pseudomonas are clearly different from those of Enterobacteriaceae or Firmicutes. An understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying CCR is important to know how metabolism is regulated and how bacteria degrade compounds in the environment. This is particularly relevant for compounds that are degraded slowly and accumulate, creating environmental problems. CCR has a major impact on the genes involved in the transport and metabolism of nonpreferred carbon sources, but also affects the expression of virulence factors in several bacterial species, genes that are frequently directed to allow the bacterium to gain access to new sources of nutrients. Finally, CCR has implications in the optimization of biotechnological processes such as biotransformations or bioremediation strategies.
Erratum: Mean free path of negative ions in diode sputtering [J.Vac.Sci. Technol. 15, 1597 (1978)] (1981)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J. M. E. Harper, J. J. Cuomo, R. J. Gambino, H. R. Kaufman, R. S. Robinson; Erratum: Mean free path of negative ions in diode sputtering [J.Vac.Sci. Technol. 15, 1597 (1978)]. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 1 January 1981; 18 (1): 112. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.570687 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science and Technology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Field Emission Cathode and Vacuum Microelectronic Microwave Amplifier Development (1992)

Abstract : The objective of this report is to summarize progress, indicate problem areas that have been addressed, outline plans for future work, and to discuss, in a realistic manner, the likelihood that the proposed work will be completed in a reasonable time frame. Although we knew that the growth of the ZrO2. Y2O3-W (ZYW) composite was far from an exact science, we felt that we could build on prior work in this area and make rapid progress toward solving some problems. However, a few of these problems, particularly that of banding in the structure (discontinuities in the growth of the tungsten fibers) proved to be more recalcitrant than expected. Nevertheless, an adequate amount of material with continuous fiber growth has now been made to fabricate a sufficient supply of samples to complete the proposed work. The composite growth work is discussed. Etching of the composites also proved more difficult than anticipated. Plasma etching was investigated, which may eventually provide better, and more uniform, pin tip geometries than were ever available with the chemical etches. LVFE structure development is recounted. Most of the work on emission testing has been associated with the set-up of a vacuum test station, design and assembly of a test vehicle, and collection of the associated electrical equipment needed for both the CW and RF electrical tests of the field emission cathodes
Noise updating repeated Wiener filter and other adaptive noise smoothing filters using local image statistics (1986)

We consider the restoration of images degraded by a class of signal-uncorrelated noise, which is possibly signal-dependent. Some adaptive noise smoothing filters, which assume a nonstationary mean, nonstationary variance image model implicitly or explicitly, are reviewed, and their performances are compared by the mean-squares errors (MSES) and by the human subjective judgment. We also present a new noise smoothing technique which is called the noise updating repeated Wiener (NURW) filter. Explicit noise variance updating formulas are derived for the NURW filter. The performance is improved both in the MSE sense and in the vicinity of edges by subjective observation.
Long-Term Expression of a Foreign Gene from a Unique Position in the Latent Herpes Simplex Virus Genome (1996)

As a result of its capacity to establish and maintain a life-long latent infection in the nervous system, herpes simplex virus (HSV) has been promoted as an ideal vector for introducing DNA into mature, differentiated, post-mitotic neurons. Although delivery of foreign genes into neurons using HSV vectors has been well established, the potential of these vectors for scientific inquiry or therapeutic use has been hampered by the lack of efficient long-term expression of these foreign genes. In the few instances where expression from the latent genome has been reported, expression appears to be minimal and levels of mRNA present have not been established. Here we describe HSV viral vectors that express a foreign gene during latency in dorsal root ganglia (DRG). More particularly, we have constructed a vector that, by histochemical assays for the protein, expresses the beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal) gene for at least 18 months post infection. We have further characterized the expression of beta-Gal transcripts by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and determined that there are 32,000 copies of beta-Gal transcripts per 0.5 microgram of total RNA at 18 months post infection. The vector makes use of the mouse Moloney leukemia virus (MMLV) long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter located directly upstream from the latency-associated transcripts (LAT) promoter region and expresses mRNA from the DNA strand opposite to that expressing the LAT. Finally, the vector was constructed using a system that allows other promoter/gene constructs to be easily inserted into the viral genome. It may have utility in studying the effects of cellular or viral gene expression on establishment, maintenance or reactivation from latency or for the delivery and expression of therapeutic proteins employed in gene therapy of the nervous system.
3β-Hydroxypregnane Steroids Are Pregnenolone Sulfate-Like GABA<sub>A</sub>Receptor Antagonists (2002)

Endogenous neurosteroids have rapid actions on ion channels, particularly GABA(A) receptors, which are potentiated by nanomolar concentrations of 3alpha-hydroxypregnane neurosteroids. Previous evidence suggests that 3beta-hydroxypregnane steroids may competitively antagonize potentiation induced by their 3alpha diastereomers. Because of the potential importance of antagonists as experimental and clinical tools, we characterized the functional effect of 3beta-hydroxysteroids. Although 3beta-hydroxysteroids reduced the potentiation induced by 3alpha-hydroxysteroids, 3beta-hydroxysteroids acted noncompetitively with respect to potentiating steroids and inhibited the largest degrees of potentiation most effectively. Potentiation by high concentrations of barbiturates was also reduced by 3beta-hydroxysteroids. 3beta-Hydroxysteroids are also direct, noncompetitive GABA(A) receptor antagonists. 3beta-Hydroxysteroids coapplied with GABA significantly inhibited responses to > or =15 microm GABA. The profile of block was similar to that exhibited by sulfated steroids, known blockers of GABA(A) receptors. This direct, noncompetitive effect of 3beta-hydroxysteroids was sufficient to account for the apparent antagonism of potentiating steroids. Mutated receptors exhibiting decreased sensitivity to sulfated steroid block were insensitive to both the direct effects of 3beta-hydroxysteroids on GABA(A) responses and the reduction of potentiating steroid effects. At concentrations that had little effect on GABAergic synaptic currents, 3beta-hydroxysteroids and low concentrations of sulfated steroids significantly reversed the potentiation of synaptic currents induced by 3alpha-hydroxysteroids. We conclude that 3beta-hydroxypregnane steroids are not direct antagonists of potentiating steroids but rather are noncompetitive, likely state-dependent, blockers of GABA(A) receptors. Nevertheless, these steroids may be useful functional blockers of potentiating steroids when used at concentrations that do not affect baseline neurotransmission.
Disease severity in Danish multiple sclerosis patients evaluated by MRI and three genetic markers (HLA-DRB1*1501, CCR5 deletion mutation, apolipoprotein E) (2002)

As the understanding of the autoimmune inflammatory response in multiple sclerosis (MS) expands, polymorphic genes involved in this process become possible candidates that may determine the severity of disease. Therefore, three candidate genes DRB1*1501, CCR5 and apolipoprotein E (APOE) were examined in a population-based patient sample (n = 70) to assess an association between disease progression measured by clinical disability and MRI parameters. The total lesion area (TLA) on T2-weighted images was measured with a semi-automated threshold technique. Patients with the CCR5delta32 allele showed a non-significant trend towards a smaller lesion burden (TLA/years duration), but were not associated to a milder EDSS/years duration. Our data support previous assumptions of a modulation of severity in MS by the CCR5delta32 genotype, which may convey less inflammation and tissue destruction. Carriers of the DRB1*1501 and APOE-epsilon4 allels did not reveal more severe disease progression, neither by the EDSS/years of duration nor by the TLA/years duration. This study was performed on a population-based sample in a genetically homogeneous Danish population but, due to the limited number of patients examined, weak associations between candidate genes and disease variables cannot be excluded.
Update on Procedure-Related Risks for Prenatal Diagnosis Techniques (2009)

Experienced operators have a higher success rate and a lower complication rate. The decreasing number of prenatal invasive procedures calls for quality assurance and monitoring of operators' performance.
Evaluation of a new automated panel of assays for the detection of anti-PF4/heparin antibodies in patients suspected of having heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (2010)

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a life-threatening complication of heparin treatment; the prognosis depends on early and accurate diagnosis, and prompt start of alternative anticoagulants. Because of high sensitivity, the commercially available immunologic assays are widely used, though not suited to be run on single samples and with a turnaround time of 2-3 hours. We evaluated two new, rapid, automated, semi-quantitative chemiluminescent immunoassays in HIT suspected patients: HemosIL AcuStar HIT-IgG(PF4-H) (specific for IgG anti-PF4/heparin antibodies) and HemosIL AcuStar HIT-Ab(PF4-H) (detecting IgG, IgM and IgA anti-PF4/heparin antibodies) (both from Instrumentation Laboratory). A total of 102 patients with suspected HIT were included; HIT was diagnosed in 17 (16.7%). No false negative cases were observed using either the HemosIL AcuStar HIT-IgG(PF4-H) or the HIT-Ab(PF4-H) assay (sensitivity and negative predictive values = 100%; negative likelihood ratios <0.01). The specificity was higher for the HemosIL AcuStar HIT-IgG(PF4-H) in comparison with that of the HemosIL AcuStar HIT-Ab(PF4-H) (96.5% vs. 81.2%). Higher values of the HemosIL AcuStar HIT-IgG(PF4-H) were associated with increased probability of HIT. Patients with confirmed HIT and thrombotic complications had significantly higher levels of HemosIL AcuStar HIT-IgG(PF4-H) than those without thrombotic complications. The HemosIL AcuStar HIT-IgG(PF4-H) and HIT-Ab(PF4-H) assays showed a very high sensitivity, and therefore they can reliably be used to rule out HIT in suspected patients. The diagnostic specificity was greatly increased by using the HemosIL AcuStar HIT-IgG(PF4-H). Both the assays are reproducible (CVs <6%), rapid (turnaround time 30 minutes), automated, and semi-quantitative, and they can be run for single sample testing.
Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 Could Facilitate the Religation of Topoisomerase I-linked DNA Inhibited by Camptothecin (2005)

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is known to have an important role in camptothecin sensitivity and interacts with topoisomerase I. In the present study, the impact of PARP-1 on the topoisomerase I-DNA complex stabilized by camptothecin was assessed. It was shown that NH2 terminus-truncated topoisomerase I (amino acids 201-765) showed at least 4-fold less sensitivity to camptothecin than full-length topoisomerase I in the oligonucleotide religation assay. PARP-1 could prevent the action of camptothecin on the religation activity of full-length topoisomerase I, which is linked to DNA in a stoichiometrical manner. However, the religation activity of NH2 terminus-truncated topoisomerase I, which is linked to DNA, could not be enhanced by PARP-1 in the presence of camptothecin. Both full-length and NH2 terminus-truncated topoisomerase I interact with PARP-1. This data suggests that PARP-1 destabilizes the topoisomerase I-camptothecin-DNA complex with the participation of the NH2-terminal domain of topoisomerase I. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of topoisomerase I by PARP-1 in the presence its substrate, NAD, could also promote the religation activity of full-length topoisomerase I as well as NH2 terminus-truncated topoisomerase I. PARP-1 inhibitors (3-aminobenzamide, PJ34) could inhibit this process. Therefore, PARP-1 could facilitate the religation activity of topoisomerase I by itself through topoisomerase I-PARP-1 interaction (PARP-1 action) or by the formation of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of topoisomerase I (PARP-1/NAD action). This study also implies that PARP-1 and PARP-1/NAD actions need to be highly regulated by cellular factors for camptothecin to exert its cytotoxicity inside the cells. We propose ATP to be one of the important regulatory factors.
Optical data communication between Josephson-junction circuits and room-temperature electronics (1993)

The feasibility of optical data transmission to and from Josephson junction circuits, using metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodiodes and GaAs/AlGaAs semiconductor laser diodes with sub-mA threshold current, is demonstrated. Standard devices can be used with the exception of a cooled GaAs detector. It is shown that silicon MSM detectors compatible with Josephson junction circuits can be fabricated. While these detectors show large photoconductive effects at room temperature they behave as good-quality photodiodes at low temperatures. Power dissipation in the laser diode scales with temperature while maintaining the modulation frequency. It is also shown that the combination of a laser diode and a photodiode provides the voltage gain needed to interface Josephson-junction circuits with room-temperature electronics. Experimental results on MSM detectors and laser diodes are presented. Expected power dissipation is below 1 mW per input/output (I/O) at a data rate of 1 Gb/s.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dual codebook based multi-user MIMO precoding and scheduling scheme with limited feedback (2009)

In this article, a novel dual codebook based multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) precoding and scheduling scheme with limited feedback for downlink transmission is proposed. The proposed dual codebook based MU-MIMO scheme utilizes the first codebook for limited feedback and the second codebook for scheduling and precoding for multiple users at the BS. This paper explores a simplified scheduling function at the BS to schedule users and select the precoding matrix from the second codebook simultaneously. The dual codebook based multi-user MIMO provide significant performance improvement than single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) and outperforms the DFT codebook based MU-MIMO scheme without pairing failure at the BS.
Measurements of Electrical Polarization in Thin Dielectric Materials (1955)

Electrical polarization in thin, dielectric sheet material induced by handling or other means is not readily observed because the external field from a dipole charge layer is very weak compared with the field from net charges that are usually present. A method is described for measuring polarization in the presence of net charges by placing the dielectric sheet in contact with a grounded metal backing plate and by placing a field meter at a short distance in front of the dielectric. The grounded metal backing plate has the effect of almost completely annulling the external field of any net charge by induction, and of doubling the external field of a dipole charge layer of polarization.