gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Implement at ion of Lazy Reevaluation (1992)

Advances in distributed computing have resulted in the design of fast simulators for digital systems. A parallel, optimistically synchronized (Time Warp) digital systems simulator using VHDL as the hardware description language has been developed at the University of Cincinnati. The simulator incorporates several optimizations to the time warp mechanism, including lazy cancellation, flow control, lazy rollback, lazy reevaluation, and rollback relaxation. This paper presents an efficient implementation of lazy reevaluation which has historically been too computationally expensive for effective utilization. The realization of this optimization as proposed in this paper results in an identification of only a subset of the total forward jumps that are possible in lazy reevaluation.
Review of Nonisolated High-Step-Up DC/DC Converters in Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Applications (2010)

The photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected power system in the residential applications is becoming a fast growing segment in the PV market due to the shortage of the fossil fuel energy and the great environmental pollution. A new research trend in the residential generation system is to employ the PV parallel-connected configuration rather than the series-connected configuration to satisfy the safety requirements and to make full use of the PV generated power. How to achieve high-step-up, low-cost, and high-efficiency dc/dc conversion is the major consideration due to the low PV output voltage with the parallel-connected structure. The limitations of the conventional boost converters in these applications are analyzed. Then, most of the topologies with high-step-up, low-cost, and high-efficiency performance are covered and classified into several categories. The advantages and disadvantages of these converters are discussed. Furthermore, a general conceptual circuit for high-step-up, low-cost, and high-efficiency dc/dc conversion is proposed to derive the next-generation topologies for the PV grid-connected power system. Finally, the major challenges of high-step-up, low-cost, and high-efficiency dc/dc converters are summarized. This paper would like to make a clear picture on the general law and framework for the next-generation nonisolated high-step-up dc/dc converters.
Induction and selection of formaldehyde-based resistance inPseudomonas aeruginosa (1986)

A formaldehyde resistant (R) phenotype ofPseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from a formaldehydesensitive (S) parent by sequential treatment with 1,3,5-tris-(ethyl)hexahydro-s-triazine (ET). The resistance of the (R) strain to treatment with ET was approximately 3-fold higher than the parental (S) strain. Two modes of resistance to ET, and simultaneous resistance to formaldehyde, are demonstrated: (1) transient or induced resistance is expressed during shor-term exposure to ET, and this resistance is gradually lost during subsequent growth in the absence of ET, and (2) resistance that results from a stable phenotypic change in the (S) strain following sequential treatment with ET ((R) strain phenotype). The observed activities of three forms of the formaldehyde oxidizing enzyme, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, are strongly correlated with the relative response of the (S) and (R) strains to treatment with ET. The observed resistance of the (R) strain appears to be due to high levels of an NAD+-linked, glutathione-dependent form of formaldehyde dehydrogenase as well as a dye-linked formaldehyde dehydrogenase. The transient or induced response of the (R) strain involves an increase in activity of the dye-linked formaldehyde dehydrogenase. The induced response of the (S) strain and an ATCC strain ofP. aeruginosa, however, is correlated with the two forms of the NAD+-linked enzyme (glutathione-dependent (EC 1.2.1.1) and independent (EC 1.2.1.46)) with no contribution from the dye-linked enzyme.
Methane-driven oceanic eruptions and mass extinctions (2003)

Research Article| September 01, 2003 Methane-driven oceanic eruptions and mass extinctions Gregory Ryskin Gregory Ryskin 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Gregory Ryskin 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 20 Jan 2003 Revision Received: 29 May 2003 Accepted: 02 Jun 2003 First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2682 Print ISSN: 0091-7613 Geological Society of America Geology (2003) 31 (9): 741–744. https://doi.org/10.1130/G19518.1 Article history Received: 20 Jan 2003 Revision Received: 29 May 2003 Accepted: 02 Jun 2003 First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Gregory Ryskin; Methane-driven oceanic eruptions and mass extinctions. Geology 2003;; 31 (9): 741–744. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G19518.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract Focusing on the Permian-Triassic boundary, ca. 251 Ma, I explore the possibility that mass extinction can be caused by an extremely fast, explosive release of dissolved methane (and other dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide) that accumulated in the oceanic water masses prone to stagnation and anoxia (e.g., in silled basins). The mechanism of the explosive release is the same as in the Lake Nyos disaster of 1986, i.e., a water-column eruption caused by the interplay of buoyancy forces and exsolution of dissolved gas. The eruption brings to the surface deep anoxic waters that cause extinctions in the marine realm. Terrestrial extinctions are caused by explosions and conflagrations that follow the massive release of methane (the air-methane mixture is explosive at methane concentrations between 5% and 15%) and by the eruption-triggered floods. This scenario accounts well for the available data, and may be relevant to other phenomena. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Treatment options for stress urinary incontinence. (2004)

Treatment options for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women are designed to prevent the involuntary loss of urine from the urethra during increases in intraabdominal pressure that occur during physical activity, coughing, or sneezing. Effective nonsurgical therapies include behavioral therapy (eg, bladder training, fluid and dietary modification) and drug therapy. Surgical therapy for this condition has existed for well over 100 years. Currently, approximately 200 different surgical procedures have been described. Because of the physiologic risks inherent in surgical procedures, the cost of hospitalization, and the loss of productivity during convalescence, surgeons continue to modify their techniques to improve efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness, and to minimize invasiveness. No single procedure or intervention is optimal for all patients. Having a variety of treatment options offers the possibility of tailoring therapy to the desires and needs of the individual patient. The key to an optimal therapeutic outcome is an accurate diagnosis combined with the selection of an appropriate intervention that is acceptable to the patient after balancing multiple factors.
Resist system based on the cationic photocrosslinking of poly(4‐hydroxystyrene) and polyfunctional electrophiles (1993)

Abstract New resist systems based on acid‐catalyzed, electrophilic aromatic substitution are described. These new resists show high sensitivity to deep UV and E‐beam radiation with values approaching 2 mJ/cm 2 and 2 μC/cm 2 , respectively. The resists are based on a three component system consisting of poly(4‐hydroxystyrene), a polyfunctional, low molecular weight, latent electrophile, and a photoactive onium salt used as an acid generator. Irradiation of the resist film produces a latent image of acid dispersed in the matrix. During the postbaking step the photo‐generated acid reacts with the latent polyfunctional electrophile and releases a reactive carbocationic intermediate with concomitant liberation of acetic acid. The carbocationic intermediate then reacts with neighboring phenolic moieties in a crosslinking reaction. The substitution reaction liberates a proton, making the process catalytic in nature, thus incorporating the concept of chemical amplification. These highly sensitive materials can be used as nonswelling negative multipurpose resists that function in deep‐UV, x‐ray or E‐beam modes. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Design and commissioning of a 5 MVA, 2.5 MWh battery energy storage system (2002)

Momentary and sustained power interruptions are some of the most difficult and important power quality problems facing many industrial and commercial users. Battery energy storage systems (BESS) have the potential to provide versatile solutions to this problem for utility, industrial and commercial applications. This paper describes the design and commissioning of a 5 MVA, 2.5 MWh BESS which is now in operation at the GNB Battery Recycling Plant in Vernon, California. The BESS at Vernon provides the required power combined with both voltage and frequency control to allow the plant to tolerate disconnection from the utility grid without suffering unacceptable impacts on critical loads.
A Cutting Plane Approach to the Sequential Ordering Problem (with Applications to Job Scheduling in Manufacturing) (1993)

The sequential ordering problem (SOP) finds a minimum cost Hamiltonian path subject to certain precedence constraints. The SOP has a number of practical applications and arises, for instance, in production planning for flexible manufacturing systems. This paper presents several 0–1 models of the SOP and reports the authors’ computational experience in finding lower bounds of the optimal solution value of several real-life instances of SOP. One of the most successful approaches is a cutting plane procedure that is based on polynomial time separation algorithms for large classes of valid inequalities for the associated polyhedron.
EUROCRYPT, a successful conditional access system (1991)

EUROCRYPT, a conditioning access system for broadband networks, is used in Europe on the cable and satellite networks in association with the MAC (multiplexed analog component) broadcasting standards. It offers all the commercial modes that have been identified for pay-TV, with additional functions. It is simple, safe, user-friendly, and able to evolve; entitlements are transmitted in the signal with a large capacity. Its implementation uses the PC2 smart card. It can be used with other broadcasting standards. Since it has been specified, in March 1989, it has become more successful, and it is hoped that it will become the reference system for enhanced and high-definition television systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Manufacturing of Adeno-Associated Viruses, for Example: AAV2 (2011)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is one of the most promising vectors for gene therapy. There are several ways of producing AAV vectors but large-scale production of this vector remains a major challenge. Virovek developed a novel method of expressing the AAV Rep and Cap genes in insect cells mediated by intron-splicing mechanism and producing AAV vectors with these Rep and Cap sequences containing the artificial intron. The recombinant baculoviruses harboring these artificial intron-containing Rep and Cap sequences are very stable and the AAV vectors produced in insect cells with these recombinant baculoviruses are very infectious.
Synthesis and Some Properties of Al<sub>4</sub>SiC<sub>4</sub> (1995)

The synthesis process and the formation mechanism of Al4SiC4 were investigated using Al, Si, and C as starting materials. Properties such as hydration resistance of the synthesized Al4SiC4 were examined. SiC and Al4C3 begin to form from about 800°C and 900°C, respectively. When the temperature is above 1300°C, both products further react with each other to form Al4SiC4. With increasing temperature and time, the formation ratio of Al4SiC4 increases. The addition of Al2O3 can facilitate the formation of Al4SiC4. The hydration resistance of Al4SiC4 is excellent and sufficient for the practical use.
Teaching computer graphics visual literacy to art and computer science students (2000)

Although it is a requisite skill for success in industry, visual literacy in graphics is intimidating to computer science and art students. Computer science majors are uneasy about using their eyes to examine images while art students may not have much background in the technical terminology. This column is the second in a two-part series that discusses an interdisciplinary teaching technique that overcomes these obstacles. Part one was published in Computer Graphics 34(1) February 2000, pp. 24-26. With this approach students become more familiar with the limits and possibilities of the medium of computer graphics, learn how to analyze and talk about what visual images might mean and develop a deeper understanding of time constraints. In addition, they gain confidence with technological terminology and the idea of suggesting alternative algorithms to create a desired visual "look." As a result both computer science and art students become more able to communicate effectively about and with visual imagery.
Biosynthesis of the <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> dauer pheromone (2009)

To sense its population density and to trigger entry into the stress-resistant dauer larval stage, Caenorhabditis elegans uses the dauer pheromone, which consists of ascaroside derivatives with short, fatty acid-like side chains. Although the dauer pheromone has been studied for 25 years, its biosynthesis is completely uncharacterized. The daf-22 mutant is the only known mutant defective in dauer pheromone production. Here, we show that daf-22 encodes a homolog of human sterol carrier protein SCPx, which catalyzes the final step in peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation. We also show that dhs-28, which encodes a homolog of the human d-bifunctional protein that acts just upstream of SCPx, is also required for pheromone production. Long-term daf-22 and dhs-28 cultures develop dauer-inducing activity by accumulating less active, long-chain fatty acid ascaroside derivatives. Thus, daf-22 and dhs-28 are required for the biosynthesis of the short-chain fatty acid-derived side chains of the dauer pheromone and link dauer pheromone production to metabolic state.
Bis <i>C</i>-Glycosylated Diphenylmethanes for Stable Glycoepitope Mimetics (1999)

Bis C-glycosylated diphenylmethanes, in which two sugar units protrude from a diphenylmethane scaffold by C-glycosylated bonds, were synthesized as versatile glycoepitope mimetics using C-glycosylated aryl tins and C-glycosylated benzyl bromides. The synthetic method was applied to the synthesis of a sLeX mimetic. Besides, triphenylphosphine oxide was found to be a crucial additive in the Stille coupling reaction.
Post‐EEG Seizure Depression of Human Limbic Neurons Is Not Détérmined by Their Response to Probable Hypoxia (1977)

A subclinical EEG seizure occurred in each of 2 patients during a test that repeatedly evoked probable mild cerebral hypoxia. The firing rate of the neurons was unaffected until the EEG seizure had been ongoing for over a minute. After the EEG seizures, all neurons were profoundly depressed regardless of whether their responses to hypoxia had been an increase, decrease, or no change in firing rate. These observations indicate that the mechanism responsible for post-EEG seizure depression of neuronal firing is probably not cerebral hypoxia.
Relocalization of Nuclear ALY Proteins to the Cytoplasm by the Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus P19 Pathogenicity Protein   (2004)

Abstract The P19 protein of tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) is a multifunctional pathogenicity determinant involved in suppression of posttranscriptional gene silencing, virus movement, and symptom induction. Here, we report that P19 interacts with the conserved RNA-binding domain of an as yet uncharacterized family of plant ALY proteins that, in animals, are involved in export of RNAs from the nucleus and transcriptional coactivation. We show that the four ALY proteins encoded by the Arabidopsis genome and two ALY proteins from Nicotiana benthamiana are localized to the nucleus. Moreover, and in contrast to animal ALY, all but one of the proteins are also in the nucleolus, with distinct subnuclear localizations. Infection of plants by TBSV or expression of P19 from Agrobacterium results in relocation of three of the six ALY proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm demonstrating specific targeting of the ALY proteins by P19. The differential effects on subcellular localization indicate that, in plants, the various ALY proteins may have different functions. Interaction with and relocalization of ALY is prevented by mutation of P19 at residues previously shown to be important for P19 function in plants. Down-regulation of expression of two N. benthamiana ALY genes by virus-induced gene silencing did not interfere with posttranscriptional gene silencing. Targeting of ALY proteins during TBSV infection may therefore be related to functions of P19 in addition to its silencing suppression activity.
ASHRAE《冷风分布系统设计指南》综述 (1998)

介绍了ＡＳＨＲＡＥ授权编写的《冷风分布系统设计指南》一书的书容与应用，概述了冷风分布系统的设计步骤，其中包括计算冷负荷、确定新风量、选择冷盘管、确定保冷要求，选择空气分布末端装置与散流器、制定控制顺序等，以及冷风分布系统经济分析、计算机模拟及交工验收方面的讨论。
Screening for Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (2014)

The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for vitamin D deficiency in asymptomatic adults. (I statement).
Solvent Separation of Hydrocarbon Mixtures by Vapor-Liquid Extraction (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolvent Separation of Hydrocarbon Mixtures by Vapor-Liquid ExtractionM. R. Fenske, C. S. Carlson, and D. QuiggleCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1947, 39, 10, 1322–1328Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50454a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50454a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views140Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Excessive tidal volume from breath stacking during lung-protective ventilation for acute lung injury* (2008)

Stacked breaths occur frequently in low tidal volume ventilation despite deep sedation and result in volumes substantially above the set tidal volume. Set tidal volume has a strong influence on frequency of stacked breaths.
Dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI: Use in predicting pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer (2015)

Purpose To determine the ability of dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) to predict pathological complete response (pCR) before preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer. Materials and Methods In a prospective clinical trial, 38 enrolled patients underwent pre‐ and post‐CRT DCE‐MRI at 3.0T. The tumor length and the following perfusion parameters (K trans , k ep , v e ) were measured for the tumor and compared between the pCR group and the non‐pCR group, as well as before and after CRT. For categorical variable comparison, the Kruskal‐Wallis test was used. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results No difference in tumor length was found between the pCR and non‐pCR group pre‐ and post‐CRT ( P = 0.26 (0.15,0.45), 0.35 (0.21,0.52), respectively). Before CRT, the mean tumor K trans in the pCR group was significantly higher than in the non‐pCR group ( P = 0.01). A K trans of 0.66 emerged as the best cutoff for distinguishing pCR from non‐pCR. Regarding k ep and v e , significant differences were also observed between the pCR and non‐pCR groups ( P = 0.02, 0.01, respectively). The mean K trans , k ep , and v e values post‐CRT were lower in the pCR group than in the non‐pCR group, although there was no significant difference ( P = 0.10 (0.04,0.16), 0.11 (0.07,0.26), 0.10 (0.06,0.23), respectively). Conclusion Before neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer, DCE‐MRI can distinguish between complete and incomplete response using a K trans threshold of 0.66 with a sensitivity of 100%. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:673–680.
Alterations in membrane molecular dynamics in erythrocytes of patients with affective illness (1993)

Abstract Over the past twenty years, evidence has accumulated in support of membrane alterations in bipolar affective illness. In addition there is now substantial evidence that membrane phospholipid composition and molecular dynamics can alter the activity of membrane proteins such as receptors, channels and enzymes. The present study demonstrates distinct alterations in erythrocyte membrane molecular dynamics in medication free bipolar I patients but not in recurrent depressed patients. The findings are the same for bipolar I patients whether in the manic or depressed state (inpatients and outpatients), and do not correlate significantly with depression and mania scores or with the length of illness. It also is observed that medications can modify membrane molecular dynamics but cannot produce the alterations demonstrated. These findings suggest possible enzymatic defects which could be responsible for the molecular psychobiology of bipolar illness. Depression 1:88–100 (1993). © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.