gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
2019 American Heart Association Focused Update on Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support: Use of Advanced Airways, Vasopressors, and Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation During Cardiac Arrest: An Update to the American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care (2019)

The fundamentals of cardiac resuscitation include the immediate provision of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation combined with rapid defibrillation (as appropriate). These mainstays of therapy set the groundwork for other possible interventions such as medications, advanced airways, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and post-cardiac arrest care, including targeted temperature management, cardiorespiratory support, and percutaneous coronary intervention. Since 2015, an increased number of studies have been published evaluating some of these interventions, requiring a reassessment of their use and impact on survival from cardiac arrest. This 2019 focused update to the American Heart Association advanced cardiovascular life support guidelines summarizes the most recent published evidence for and recommendations on the use of advanced airways, vasopressors, and extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation during cardiac arrest. It includes revised recommendations for all 3 areas, including the choice of advanced airway devices and strategies during cardiac arrest (eg, bag-mask ventilation, supraglottic airway, or endotracheal intubation), the training and retraining required, the administration of standard-dose epinephrine, and the decisions involved in the application of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation and its potential impact on cardiac arrest survival.
Conjugated Polymers Based on a New Building Block: Dithienophthalimide (2011)

A new fused-ring building block dithieno[3,2-f:2′,3′-h]phthalimide was synthesized and used in synthesis of conjugated polymers. On the basis of this building block, we designed and synthesized a series of conjugated copolymers containing electron-rich unit benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene (P1 and P2) or with electron-deficient unit 2,2′-bithiazole (P3 and P4) or benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (P5) and homopolymer (P6). P1 and P4–P6 have good solubility in common organic solvents, while P2 and P3 have poor solubility. P1–P6 exhibit good thermal stability with 5% weight loss temperatures of 193–417 °C. P1–P6 in films exhibit absorption maxima of 482–532 nm with optical bandgaps of 1.88–2.25 eV and weak emission peaked at 597–721 nm. P1–P6 have estimated HOMOs of −5.3 to −6.2 eV and LUMOs of −2.8 to −3.4 eV. The optical properties and HOMO/LUMO levels are influenced by the comonomers. The polymer solar cells based on P1:PC61BM (1:1, w/w) exhibit preliminary power conversion efficiency of 0.30% under an AM 1.5 simulated solar light at 100 mW/cm2.
<b>Polymerization of Benzene to <b><i>p</i></b>-Polyphenyl by Aluminum Chloride-Cupric Chloride</b> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerization of Benzene to p-Polyphenyl by Aluminum Chloride-Cupric ChloridePeter. Kovacic and Alexander. KyriakisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 4, 454–458Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00887a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00887a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1845Altmetric-Citations405LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Analysis of the LMS Adaptive Filter Used as a Spectral Line Enhancer. (1975)

The KO(t)Bu-mediated annulation of acetonitrile with aldehyde was observed, in which the cleavage of four C(sp(3))-H bonds occurred and a total of eight new bonds were formed during the synthesis of substituted dihydropyridinones in the presence of peroxide. Furthermore, dihydropyridinones have been transformed into pyridinones using KO(t)Bu in DMSO.
Automatic Detection of Enrolled Distorted Fingerprints (2016)

The main objective of this paper achieves advanced rolled fingerprints detection in real time application based on data given and is compared with the training data which is stored. Most of the currently available attack recognition techniques do not provide any verification efficiency to get customers who access a pc. In particular, associates are able to neglect their rights without being recognized. The primary goal of this paper is to introduce and apply a novel strategy that uses the rolled fingerprints print technique to enhance a host-based attack recognition program in-order to improve its level of verification. Among all the presently employed rolled fingerprints techniques, rolled fingerprints print identification systems have obtained the most attention due to the long history of rolled fingerprints prints and their comprehensive use in 'forensics'. In this paper we propose to develop Multiple Fusion Approach (MFA) to recognize rolled fingerprints. This paper handles the issue of selection of an maximum algorithm for rolled fingerprints print related in to design a program that matches required requirements in efficiency and precision. Our experimental results show efficient and effective rolled fingerprints detection results in real time biometric application development. These results helps in comparison of both existing and our proposed advanced rolled fingerprints detection processes..
Extrinsic Notch Ligand Delta-Like 1 Regulates Tip Cell Selection and Vascular Branching Morphogenesis (2012)

Dll1 acts as an extrinsic cue involved in tip cell selection, which directs vessel sprouting and branch formation.
Molecular Bonding and Interactions at Aqueous Surfaces as Probed by Vibrational Sum Frequency Spectroscopy (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular Bonding and Interactions at Aqueous Surfaces as Probed by Vibrational Sum Frequency SpectroscopyG. L. RichmondView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 8, 2693–2724Publication Date (Web):July 27, 2002Publication History Received25 September 2001Published online27 July 2002Published inissue 1 August 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr0006876https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0006876research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5641Altmetric-Citations984LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Interfaces,Molecules,Monolayers,Surfactants Get e-Alerts
Comparison of methods for the determination of trace elements in seawater (1980)

NRC publication: Yes
DIESEL ENGINE LUBRICATION (1966)

THE following extract is taken from a paper by J. A. Pope, D.Sc, Ph.D., Wh.Sc, M.I.Mech.E. and W. Lowe, B.Sc, M.I.Mech.E. of Mirrlees National Ltd. on The Development of a Highly-rated Medium-speed Diesel Engine of 7,000–9,000 h.p. for Marine Propulsion, and given before a meeting of The Institute of Marine Engineers on Jan. 25th, 1966 in London. This described the design considerations and development tests resulting during the production of the Mirrlees-National K Major engine which has a current commercial rating of 3,000 to 7,500 b.h.p. in 6 to 18 cylinder units, and a projected future rating of 9,000 b.h.p. in 18 cylinders.
Cryostorage of Cloned Amino Acid Analog-Resistant Carrot and Tobacco Suspension Cultures (1982)

Five clones were isolated from five different amino acid analog-resistant Daucus carota L. var. Sativa and Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi cell lines. The individual clones were similar in their resistance to dl-5-methyltryptophan, S-(2-aminoethyl)-l-cysteine, or azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, and in their corresponding free amino acid levels.The cell suspensions were stored using a controlled freezing rate at -196 degrees C with concentrations up to 40% of the four cryoprotectants: mannitol, proline, dimethylsulfoxide, glycerol, and combinations of dimethyl-sulfoxide and glycerol. No less than 55% post-thaw viability, determined by phenosafranin dye exclusion, was obtained after storage using a cryoprotectant mixture of 10% glycerol and 10% dimethylsulfoxide. Growth of the cryostored cells could be obtained consistently only by using feeder plate methodology with this combination of cryoprotectants. Post-thaw viability and percentage of cells demonstrating growth, as estimated by growth kinetics, were found to be similar. This indicates that little selection occurred during the freezing and recovery process. In addition, the amino acid analog-resistant traits were unaltered following cryostorage.Suspension cultures of Datura innoxia Mill. were frozen similarly with maximum post-thaw viability of 38%, but subsequent growth was not obtained.Protoplasts of D. innoxia, tobacco and carrot were also cryostored using a mixture of 10% dimethylsulfoxide and 10% glycerol as cryoprotectants. Viabilities of no less than 40% were obtained, however, only the carrot protoplasts regenerated cell walls and underwent cell division.
Design and Characterization of Gramicidin Channels with Side Chain or Backbone Mutations (2007)

Mutations and chemical substitutions of amino acid side chains and backbone atoms have proved vital for understanding the folding, structure and function of gramicidin channels in phospholipid membranes. The channel's pore is lined by peptide backbone groups; their importance for channel structure and function is shown by a single amide-to-ester replacement within the backbone, which greatly reduces the resulting channel conductance and lifetime. The four tryptophans and the intervening leucines together govern the formation and dissociation of conducting channels from single-stranded subunits. Conducting double-stranded gramicidin conformations (channels) occur rarely in membranes--except when the sequence has been altered to permit special arrangements of tryptophans or (infrequently) in unusually thick membranes. The tryptophans anchor the single-stranded channels to the membrane/solution interface, and the indole dipoles promote cation transport through the channels. Removal of any indole dipole reduces ion conductance; whereas 5-fluorination of an indole, which increases its dipole moment, enhances ion conductance. Some sequence changes at the formyl-NH-terminus (in the membrane interior, away from the tryptophans), including fluorination of the formyl-NH-terminal valine, introduce voltage-dependent channel gating. Gramicidin channels are not just static conductors, but also dynamic entities whose structure and function can be manipulated by backbone and side chain modifications.
The Chemistry of Organic Compounds. Revised edition (Conant, James Bryant; revised with the assistance of Max Tishler) (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTThe Chemistry of Organic Compounds. Revised edition (Conant, James Bryant; revised with the assistance of Max Tishler)R. L. Shriner Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1940, 17, 2, 99Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1940Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 February 1940Published inissue 1 February 1940https://doi.org/10.1021/ed017p99.1RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views113Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (976 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Model predictive control and the optimization of power plant load while considering lifetime consumption (2002)

This paper describes a decision support system that indicates to a power plant operator the effect of daily operation on plant lifetime consumption and maintenance costs, and recommends a short-term operating strategy that optimizes plant economic performance efficiency. The recommended operating strategy is based on the optimization of an objective function that includes terms for revenues from energy sales, penalties, production costs and plant aging. Plant aging is based on models that are directly load dependent and incorporate a memory aspect, a feature that is missing from common lifetime modeling techniques. The optimization results in a tradeoff between maximization of immediate profits (i.e., earnings achieved by selling heat and power) and minimization of lifetime consumption. A model predictive control (MPC) and mixed logical dynamic (MLD) approach are used to solve the posed optimization problem and optimize this tradeoff and support the plant operator.
GaAs phase effect on interfacial drain current of a 400-μm-wide gate Si-implanted MESFET (1990)

Using substrates from different composition liquid-encapsulated Czochralski-grown crystal boules, the 1.5 μm×400-μm wide-gate metal-semiconductor field-effect-transistors (MESFETs) drain current (Id)-drain voltage (Vd) characteristic at near pinch-off bias was observed as a low-frequency oscillation (LFO) Id-Vd curve. This process indicates the interfacial behavior of the MESFET’s Id between GaAs crystal bulk and the Si-implanted electrically active channel layer. As a result, both the LFO behavior and the Id-Vd curve at the interfacial layer were dependent on the substrate GaAs composition but were not dependent on its impurity boron concentration. Large Id-LFO was observed for the substrates from near- or stoichiometric GaAs melts and compared with the Id-LFO for As-rich melts. With the As-rich melt samples, small Id-LFO was observed for both low carbon concentration (nondetectable) and high carbon concentration (≂2×1016 cm−3) in the substrates. From the result and discussion of the LFO model, Id-LFO is not caused by the deep center but by the interaction among both the electron carrier (in this case), and the deep center and electrical potential profile. This is formed by imposed electric bias force and nonbias potential profile of both the electrically active impurity doping profile of process and the mixed band structure of substrate bulk, and occurs because the Id-LFO is small on an As-rich substrate which can have many native deep-center EL2s.
Appearance-mimicking surfaces (2014)

We consider the problem of reproducing the look and the details of a 3D object on a surface that is confined to a given volume. Classic examples of such "appearance-mimicking" surfaces are bas-reliefs: decorations and artwork depicting recognizable 3D scenes using only a thin volumetric space. The design of bas-reliefs has fascinated humankind for millennia and it is extensively used on coins, medals, pottery and other art forms. We propose a unified framework to create surfaces that depict certain shapes from prescribed viewpoints, as a generalization of bas-reliefs. Given target shapes, viewpoints and space restrictions, our method finds a globally optimal surface that delivers the desired appearance when observed from the designated viewpoints, while guaranteeing exact, per-vertex depth bounds. We use 3D printing to validate our approach and demonstrate our results in a variety of applications, ranging from standard bas-reliefs to optical illusions and carving of complex geometries.
Opposing Functions of Microglial and Macrophagic TNFR2 in the Pathogenesis of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (2017)

In multiple sclerosis (MS), soluble tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is detrimental via activation of TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1), whereas transmembrane TNF is beneficial primarily by activating TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2). Here, we investigate the role of TNFR2 in microglia and monocytes/macrophages in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of MS, by cell-specific gene targeting. We show that TNFR2 ablation in microglia leads to early onset of EAE with increased leukocyte infiltration, T cell activation, and demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS). Conversely, TNFR2 ablation in monocytes/macrophages results in EAE suppression with impaired peripheral T cell activation and reduced CNS T cell infiltration and demyelination. Our work uncovers a dichotomy of function for TNFR2 in myeloid cells, with microglial TNFR2 providing protective signals to contain disease and monocyte/macrophagic TNFR2 driving immune activation and EAE initiation. This must be taken into account when targeting TNFR2 for therapeutic purposes in neuroinflammatory diseases.
A quantitative physical model for time-dependent breakdown in SiO2 (1985)

A quantitative physical breakdown model for thin SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> is developed. The physical mechanism responsible fcor oxide breakdown has been reexamined and found to be hole trapping at localized areas. A quantitative model is built on this physical understanding of the wearout mechanism. Using this model, which considers electron injection, hole generation and charge trapping during electrical stresses and their effects on oxide I-V characteristics, all commonly used reliability tests can be simulated. Results are presented for constant-voltage, constant-current and ramp-voltage stress tests. One important result of the model is that log(t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD</sub> ) of constant-voltage accelerated test is a linear function of 1/E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ox</sub> , not E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ox</sub> . The elctcric field dependence of log(Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD</sub> ) is the same as that of the hole generation rate α. The correlation between ramp-voltage stress and constant-voltage stress is treated in detail, and an analytical expression relating the two is presented. This correlation provides a method and a theoretical basis for substituting the time-consuming tBD test with the simple ramp-voltage breakdown test.
Pain management : an interdisciplinary approach (2000)

Contributors. Foreword. Preface. Acknowledgements. Section 1: Introduction to pain management. Models of pain. The nature of psychological factors. Social and cultural influences on pain and disability. Economic and occupational influences on pain and disability. The nature of disability. The origins and development of modern pain management programmes. Section 2: Assessment. General issues of assessment. Medical assessment. Assessment of pain, disability and physical function in pain management. Psychological assessment. Assessment of social, economic and occupational factors. Clinical decision making. Section 3: The pain management programme. Clinical content of interdisciplinary pain management programmes Part 1: Content of the group programme. Part 2: Medical component of the programme. Part 3: Physical activities programme content. Part 4: Psychology component. Part 5: General issues and conclusions. Maintenance of change and skill enhancement. Section 4: Issues in delivery and evaluation. Clinical service delivery (the organisation of the pain management programme). Competencies for clinically orientated pain management programmes. Evaluation of outcome. Section 5: New directions in pain management. Wider applications of the principles of pain management in health care settings. Pain management in occupational settings. Conclusions. Index
Nonalloyed ohmic contacts on low-temperature molecular beam epitaxial GaAs: Influence of deep donor band (1990)

The Ohmic nature of the nonalloyed metal contact on molecular beam epitaxial GaAs grown at 200 °C was studied. The specific contact resistances at room temperature and 120 K were 1.5×10−3 and 7.0×10−1 Ω cm2, respectively. These values are anomalously low considering that the conduction-band electron concentration in this material is less than 1011 cm−3 at room temperature. The experimental results indicate that the carrier transport at the metal/semiconductor interface is dominated by a dense (∼3×1019 cm−3) EL2-like deep donor band, rather than the usual conduction band.&lt;squeeze;1.6p&gt;