gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data-driven design of RASTA-like filters (1997)

We describe use of Linear Discriminant Analysis LDA for data-driven automatic design of RASTA-like lters.The LDA applied to rather long segments of time trajectories of critical-band energies yields FIR lters to be applied to these time trajectories in the feature extraction module.Frequency responses of the rst three discriminant v ectors are in principle consistent with the ad hoc designed RASTA, delta and double-delta lters.On a connected digit task the new features outperform the original RASTA processing.
Generator dynamic model validation and parameter calibration using phasor measurements at the point of connection (2013)

Power system model quality is key to safe and reliable electricity delivery. A novel method using disturbance data recorded by phasor measurement units (PMUs) is proposed to improve the integrity of dynamic models, which consists of both model validation and model parameter identification. In the model validation step, event playback is applied to simulate the model's response for a rigorous comparison with measured response captured by PMUs. A large mismatch indicates model deficiency. In the parameter identification step, an automatic calibration method using the extended Kalman filter (EKF) techniques and trajectory sensitivity analysis is formulated to save significant effort and time from manual tuning. Case studies are presented to demonstrate that the proposed method has adequate performance for model validation and parameter calibration in terms of accuracy, good convergence speed and robustness with respect to measurement noises. The proposed method is cost-effective and complements traditional equipment testing for improving dynamic model quality.
On-Line 1D and 2D Porous Layer Open Tubular/LC-ESI-MS Using 10-μm-i.d. Poly(styrene−divinylbenzene) Columns for Ultrasensitive Proteomic Analysis (2007)

Following on our recent work, on-line one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) porous layer open tubular/liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (PLOT/LC-ESI-MS) platforms using 3.2 mx10 microm i.d. poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) (PS-DVB) PLOT columns have been developed to provide robust, high-performance, and ultrasensitive proteomic analysis. With the use of a PicoClear tee, the dead volume connection between a 50 microm i.d. PS-DVB monolithic micro-SPE column and the PLOT column was minimized. The micro-SPE/PLOT column assembly provided a separation performance similar to that obtained with direct injection onto the PLOT column at a mobile phase flow rate of 20 nL/min. The trace analysis potential of the platform was evaluated using an in-gel tryptic digest sample of a gel fraction (15-40 kDa) of a cervical cancer (SiHa) cell line. As an example of the sensitivity of the system, approximately 2.5 ng of protein in 2 microL of solution, an amount corresponding to 20 SiHa cells, was subjected to on-line micro-SPE-PLOT/LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis using a linear ion trap MS. A total of 237 peptides associated with 163 unique proteins were identified from a single analysis when using stringent criteria associated with a false positive rate of less than 1%. The number of identified peptides and proteins increased to 638 and 343, respectively, as the injection amount was raised to approximately 45 ng of protein, an amount corresponding to 350 SiHa cells. In comparison, only 338 peptides and 231 unique proteins were identified (false positive rate again less than 1%) from 750 ng of protein from the identical gel fraction, an amount corresponding to 6000 SiHa cells, using a typical 15 cmx75 microm i.d. packed capillary column. The greater sensitivity, higher recovery, and higher resolving power of the PLOT column resulted in the increased number of identifications from only approximately 5% of the injected sample amount. The resolving power of the micro-SPE/PLOT assembly was further extended by 2D chromatography via combination of the high-efficiency reversed-phase PLOT column with strong cation-exchange chromatography (SCX). As an example, 1071 peptides associated with 536 unique proteins were identified from 75 ng of protein from the same gel fraction, an amount corresponding to 600 cells, using five ion-exchange fractions in on-line 2D SCX-PLOT/LC-MS. The 2D system, implemented in an automated format, led to simple and robust operation for proteomic analysis. These promising results demonstrate the potential of the PLOT column for ultratrace analysis.
Cascaded multilevel converter based bidirectional inductive power transfer (BIPT) system (2014)

A typical low power IPT system employs an H-Bridge converter with a simple control strategy to generate a high frequency current from DC power supply. This paper proposes a cascaded multilevel converter for bidirectional IPT (BIPT) systems, which is suitable for low to medium power applications as well as for situations such as PV cells where several individual DC sources are to be utilized. A novel modulation strategy is proposed for the multilevel converter with the aim of minimizing switching losses. Series - Series (SS) compensation circuit is adopted for the IPT system and a mathematical model is presented to minimize the coil losses of the system under varying output power. Theoretical results presented in comparison to the simulations to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed concept and the validity of the developed model. The experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed phase shift modulation.
Rapid short-duration hypothermia with cold saline and endovascular cooling before reperfusion reduces microvascular obstruction and myocardial infarct size (2008)

Rapid hypothermia with cold saline and endovascular cooling before reperfusion reduces myocardial infarct size and microvascular obstruction. A novel finding is that hypothermia at the onset of reperfusion reduces microvascular obstruction without reducing myocardial infarct size. Intravenous administration of cold saline combined with endovascular hypothermia provides a method for a rapid induction of hypothermia suggesting a potential clinical application.
Fungal Decay and Shelf Life of Oranges Coated With Chitosan and Bergamot, Thyme, and Tea Tree Essential Oils (2012)

Results of this study are a useful tool for the development of new environmental friendly and healthier commercial applications in the control of the main postharvest fungal decay of citrus fruits.
The drop from front strategy in TCP and in TCP over ATM (2002)

This paper proposes the use of a "drop from front" scheme for improving TCP performance in high bandwidth-delay product networks. In particular, for "TCP over ATM" we compare the performance when drop from front is used at the output port of ATM switches with the performance under tail drop, its variations, and with variations of random early detection (RED). In drop from front, when a cell arrives at a full buffer, the cell closest to being transmitted is dropped, thus creating space for the arriving cell. This policy causes duplicate acknowledgements to be sent one whole buffer drain time earlier than is the case under tail drop. These quicker duplicate acknowledgements cause TCP with fast retransmit to recognize losses faster and invoke congestion control actions earlier than would be the case under tail drop. This earlier reaction translates into considerable performance improvement. Hence, drop from front successfully utilizes the ability of TCP with fast retransmit to quickly recognize and react to congestion information (at the third repeat acknowledgement, as opposed to time-out). Roughly, the earlier action by the sources causes the congestion not to grow quite as severe, which prevents later over-reaction by the sources, and thus increases throughput.
Accelerated statistical reconstruction for C‐arm cone‐beam CT using Nesterov's method (2015)

The acceleration achieved through Nesterov's method combined with ordered subsets reduced IR times down to a few minutes. This improved compatibility with clinical workflow better enables broader adoption of IR in CBCT-guided procedures, with corresponding benefits in overcoming conventional limits of image quality at lower dose.
Sparse Reconstruction Using Distribution Agnostic Bayesian Matching Pursuit (2013)

A fast matching pursuit method using a Bayesian approach is introduced for sparse signal recovery. This method performs Bayesian estimates of sparse signals even when the signal prior is non-Gaussian or unknown. It is agnostic on signal statistics and utilizes a priori statistics of additive noise and the sparsity rate of the signal, which are shown to be easily estimated from data if not available. The method utilizes a greedy approach and order-recursive updates of its metrics to find the most dominant sparse supports to determine the approximate minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimate of the sparse signal. Simulation results demonstrate the power and robustness of our proposed estimator.
4-Gb/s transmission experiment over 117 km of optical fiber using a Ti:LiNbO<sub>3</sub>external modulator (1985)

We report a single-channel optical fiber data link with the largest bit-rate <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</tex> repeater spacing product achieved to date- ∼ 0.5 Tb . km/s. The multi-gigabit per second system is the first to incorporate a Ti:LiNbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> external modulator as the data encoder.
<i>Computational Ocean Acoustics</i> (1994)

Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation F. B. Jensen, W. A. Kuperman, M. B. Porter, H. Schmidt, Alexandra Tolstoy; Computational Ocean Acoustics. Physics Today 1 November 1994; 47 (11): 91–92. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2808704 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPhysics Today Search Advanced Search
Driving a capacitive load without dissipating fCV/sup 2/ (2002)

Output pad drivers often contribute a large part of the total power dissipation of a chip, due to the large capacitive load they drive. Here, we describe a driver capable of significant reduction of this dissipation, for given values of voltage swing, load capacitance, and switching frequency, without performance loss. We accomplish this by stepwise charging, an inductor-free form of adiabatic charging.
Co-ingestion of leucine with protein does not further augment post-exercise muscle protein synthesis rates in elderly men (2007)

Leucine has been suggested to have the potential to modulate muscle protein metabolism by increasing muscle protein synthesis. The objective of this study was to investigate the surplus value of the co-ingestion of free leucine with protein hydrolysate and carbohydrate following physical activity in elderly men. Eight elderly men (mean age 73 +/- 1 years) were randomly assigned to two cross-over treatments consuming either carbohydrate and protein hydrolysate (CHO+PRO) or carbohydrate, protein hydrolysate with additional leucine (CHO+PRO+leu) after performing 30 min of standardized physical activity. Primed, continuous infusions with L-[ring-(13)C(6)]phenylalanine and L-[ring-(2)H(2)]tyrosine were applied, and blood and muscle samples were collected to assess whole-body protein turnover as well as protein fractional synthetic rate in the vastus lateralis muscle over a 6 h period. Whole-body protein breakdown and synthesis rates were not different between treatments. Phenylalanine oxidation rates were significantly lower in the CHO+PRO+leu v. CHO+PRO treatment. As a result, whole-body protein balance was significantly greater in the CHO+PRO+leu compared to the CHO+PRO treatment (23.8 (SEM 0.3) v. 23.2 (SEM 0.3) micromol/kg per h, respectively; P < 0.05). Mixed muscle fractional synthetic rate averaged 0.081 (SEM 0.003) and 0.082 (SEM 0.006) %/h in the CHO+PRO+leu and CHO+PRO treatment, respectively (NS). Co-ingestion of leucine with carbohydrate and protein following physical activity does not further elevate muscle protein fractional synthetic rate in elderly men when ample protein is ingested.
Exchange-Traded Funds (2001)

The phenomenal growth of exchange–traded funds (ETFs) is a frequent topic in the financial press. These funds, with assets more than doubling each year since 1995, have been warmly embraced by most advocates of low–cost index funds. Vanguard, the leading advocate of index funds, has announced plans to add exchange–traded share classes to a number of its domestic index funds. Most of the press coverage has correctly noted the major advantages of ETFs—low–costs, intraday trading and high tax efficiency with no material premiums or discounts to the funds' intraday net asset value. However, there is a fair degree of misunderstanding about how ETFs work, what sectors of the market are good candidates for ETFs and what sectors are not, why the expense ratios tend to be low, and how most of the funds manage to avoid significant capital gains distributions. In this article, the author attempts to answer these and other questions frequently asked by investors.
Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of nicotine in healthy volunteers following single and repeated administration of different doses of transdermal nicotine systems. (1989)

Healthy nicotine-dependent smokers were applied different doses of transdermal nicotine systems (TNS) during single and repeated administrations. Plasma and urine nicotine and cotinine concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After single application of TNS, the maximal concentration (Cmax) and area under curve (AUC) of nicotine in plasma as well as the amount of nicotine excreted in urine were linearly related to the dose. The stable urinary cotinine excretion was not influenced by the amount of nicotine delivered by the TNS. The relevant 24 h plasma nicotine concentration reached after TNS application compares well with the plasma nicotine footpoints--not the peaks--observed in moderate to heavy cigarette smokers. A comparison between different nicotine doses from different TNS allowed to conclude to the functionality of the systems as regards pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. One or two hours after removal of the systems, there was a very slow decline of the nicotine concentrations. After repeated application of TNS, there was evidence for only a very limited nicotine accumulation in plasma (+14%) or in urine (+9%) over 10 days. The steady-state of nicotine was reached within 4 days. The continuous delivery of nicotine over 24 h resulted in an early morning plasma concentration which probably decreases or prevents the craving for the first cigarette.
A Single-Phase PV Quasi-Z-Source Inverter With Reduced Capacitance Using Modified Modulation and Double-Frequency Ripple Suppression Control (2015)

In single-phase photovoltaic (PV) system, there is double-frequency power mismatch existed between the dc input and ac output. The double-frequency ripple (DFR) energy needs to be buffered by passive network. Otherwise, the ripple energy will flow into the input side and adversely affect the PV energy harvest. In a conventional PV system, electrolytic capacitors are usually used for this purpose due to their high capacitance. However, electrolytic capacitors are considered to be one of the most failure prone components in a PV inverter. In this paper, a capacitance reduction control strategy is proposed to buffer the DFR energy in single-phase Z-source/quasi-Z-source inverter applications. Without using any extra hardware components, the proposed control strategy can significantly reduce the capacitance requirement and achieve low input voltage DFR. Consequently, highly reliable film capacitors can be used. The increased switching device voltage stress and power loss due to the proposed control strategy will also be discussed. A 1-kW quasi-Z-source PV inverter using gallium nitride (GaN) devices is built in the lab. Experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Study of the enhanced thermal conductivity of Fe nanofluids (2005)

Nanofluids, a mixture of nanoparticles and fluid, have enormous potential to improve the efficiency of heat transfer fluids. Fe nanofluids are prepared with ethylene glycol and Fe nanocrystalline powder synthesized by a chemical vapor condensation process. Sonication with high-powered pulses is used to improve the dispersion of nanoparticles in the preparation of nanofluids. Nanofluids exhibit an enhancement of thermal conductivity after sonication. Thermal conductivity of a Fe nanofluid is increased nonlinearly up to 18% as the volume fraction of particles is increased up to 0.55 vol. %. Comparing Fe nanofluids with Cu nanofluids, we find that the suspension of highly thermally conductive materials is not always effective to improve thermal transport property of nanofluids.
Analysis of lignite liquefaction products processed with syngas and hydrogen sulfide. [Dibenzothiophene] (1983)

A method for monitoring the presence of elemental and organic sulfur compounds in distillable low-rank coal liquefaction products utilizing column chromatography and dual detection (FID/FPD) capillary GC has been developed. The addition of H/sub 2/S to the continuous processing of Beulah, North Dakota lignite does not increase the amount or variety of sulfur-containing organic compounds in the recycle slurry ASTM-D1160 vacuum distillate products. It does, however, introduce sulfur and a variety of volatile sulfur-containing organics into the light oils condensed from the vapor phase in the reactor. The presence and variety of sulfur compounds after 12 to 14 reactor passes reflects the introduction of these components in the startup solvent. No increased mutagenicity was observed with the coal liquids processed with H/sub 2/S. The production of H-donors in the recycle slurry ASTM D-1160 distillates was enhanced by the presence of H/sub 2/S.
Insulin‐like growth‐factor‐binding protein gene expression and protein production by human tumour cell lines (1992)

The secretion of insulin-like growth-factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and expression of the genes encoding IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 have been studied in a panel of cell lines derived from breast carcinomas, Wilms' tumour, neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, colon carcinoma, liver adenocarcinoma, Burkitt's lymphoma and a non-small-cell lung carcinoma. All cell lines, with the exception of the Burkitt's lymphoma cell line, secreted IGFBPs, as detected by affinity labelling. A 34-kDa BP was present in the conditioned media of all IGFBP-secreting cell lines, whereas BPs ranging from 18 kDa to 53 kDa were variably secreted. All IGFBP-secreting cell lines expressed the IGFBP-2 gene as determined by Northern blot analysis. The Wilms' tumour, the neuroblastoma and the retinoblastoma cell line expressed the IGFBP-2 gene only. All other cell lines, with the exception of the Burkitt's lymphoma, expressed the IGFBP-2 gene and, in addition, either the IGFBP-1 gene and/or the IGFBP-3 gene. IGFBP-1 gene expression could be detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction only. IGFBP-3 gene expression was detected by Northern blot analysis, but transcripts were less abundant than IGFBP-2 mRNAs. These findings indicate that the expression of multiple BP genes and the secretion of BPs may be a common property of tumour cells.
Example-directed synthesis: a type-theoretic interpretation (2016)

Input-output examples have emerged as a practical and user-friendly specification mechanism for program synthesis in many environments. While example-driven tools have demonstrated tangible impact that has inspired adoption in industry, their underlying semantics are less well-understood: what are "examples" and how do they relate to other kinds of specifications? This paper demonstrates that examples can, in general, be interpreted as refinement types. Seen in this light, program synthesis is the task of finding an inhabitant of such a type. This insight provides an immediate semantic interpretation for examples. Moreover, it enables us to exploit decades of research in type theory as well as its correspondence with intuitionistic logic rather than designing ad hoc theoretical frameworks for synthesis from scratch. We put this observation into practice by formalizing synthesis as proof search in a sequent calculus with intersection and union refinements that we prove to be sound with respect to a conventional type system. In addition, we show how to handle negative examples, which arise from user feedback or counterexample-guided loops. This theory serves as the basis for a prototype implementation that extends our core language to support ML-style algebraic data types and structurally inductive functions. Users can also specify synthesis goals using polymorphic refinements and import monomorphic libraries. The prototype serves as a vehicle for empirically evaluating a number of different strategies for resolving the nondeterminism of the sequent calculus---bottom-up theorem-proving, term enumeration with refinement type checking, and combinations of both---the results of which classify, explain, and validate the design choices of existing synthesis systems. It also provides a platform for measuring the practical value of a specification language that combines "examples" with the more general expressiveness of refinements.
Comparison of crystal structures of human androgen receptor ligand‐binding domain complexed with various agonists reveals molecular determinants responsible for binding affinity (2006)

Androgens exert their effects by binding to the highly specific androgen receptor (AR). In addition to natural potent androgens, AR binds a variety of synthetic agonist or antagonist molecules with different affinities. To identify molecular determinants responsible for this selectivity, we have determined the crystal structure of the human androgen receptor ligand-binding domain (hARLBD) in complex with two natural androgens, testosterone (Testo) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and with an androgenic steroid used in sport doping, tetrahydrogestrinone (THG), at 1.64, 1.90, and 1.75 A resolution, respectively. Comparison of these structures first highlights the flexibility of several residues buried in the ligand-binding pocket that can accommodate a variety of ligand structures. As expected, the ligand structure itself (dimension, presence, and position of unsaturated bonds that influence the geometry of the steroidal nucleus or the electronic properties of the neighboring atoms, etc.) determines the number of interactions it can make with the hARLBD. Indeed, THG--which possesses the highest affinity--establishes more van der Waals contacts with the receptor than the other steroids, whereas the geometry of the atoms forming electrostatic interactions at both extremities of the steroid nucleus seems mainly responsible for the higher affinity measured experimentally for DHT over Testo. Moreover, estimation of the ligand-receptor interaction energy through modeling confirms that even minor modifications in ligand structure have a great impact on the strength of these interactions. Our crystallographic data combined with those obtained by modeling will be helpful in the design of novel molecules with stronger affinity for the AR.