gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thioflavin T fluoresces as excimer in highly concentrated aqueous solutions and as monomer being incorporated in amyloid fibrils (2017)

Fluorescence of thioflavin T (ThT) is a proven tool for amyloid fibrils study. The correct model of ThT binding to fibrils is crucial to clarify amyloid fibrils structure and mechanism of their formation. Although there are convincing evidences that ThT has molecular rotor nature, implying it's binding to fibrils in monomer form, speculations concerning ThT binding to fibrils in aggregated forms appear in literature so far. The elaborated approach for fluorescence intensity correction on the inner filter effects applied to ThT aqueous solutions with a wide range of concentration allowed characterizing ThT excimers fluorescence and showing its difference from that of ThT bound to fibrils. Obtained results experimentally prove the monomer model of ThT binding to amyloid fibrils and demonstrate wide capacity of the used approach in the spectroscopy of other fluorescent dyes for examination of concentration self-quenching and deformation of fluorescence spectra, dye molecules interaction, dimers and excimers formation.
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power and Square Wave Voltammetry for Assay of Low Molecular Weight Antioxidants in Blood Plasma: Performance and Comparison of Methods (2009)

The purpose of the present study was to employ two methods-square wave voltammetry (SWV) performed on screen printed sensors and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)-as suitable tools for the assay of low-molecular-weight antioxidants (LMWAs). LMWAs were assayed by both methods and the resulting data were statistically compared. Plasma samples from five Cinereous vultures accidentally intoxicated with lead were used to represent real biological matrices with different levels of LMWAs. Blood was collected from the birds prior to and one month after treatment with Ca-EDTA. SWV resulted in two peaks. The first peak, with the potential value of 466 ± 15 mV, was recognized as ascorbic and uric acids, while the second one (743 ± 30 mV) represented glutathione, tocopherol, ascorbic acid and in a minor effect by uric acid, too. Contribution of individual antioxidants was recognized by separate assays of LMWA standards. Correlation between peaks 1 and 2 as well as the sum of the two peaks and FRAP was analysed. While peak 1 and the sum of peaks were in close correlation to FRAP results (correlation coefficient of 0.97), the relation between peak 2 and FRAP may be expressed using a correlation coefficient of 0.64. The determination of thiols by the Ellman assay confirmed the accuracy of SWV. Levels of glutathione and other similar structures were stable in the chosen model and it may be concluded that SWV is appropriate for assay of LMWAs in plasma samples. The methods employed in the study were advantageous in minimal sample volume consumption and fast acquisition of results.
Growth mechanism of thin silicon oxide films on Si(100) studied by medium-energy ion scattering (1995)

The growth of ultrathin oxide films by the thermal oxidation of Si(100) at 1020--1170 K and in ${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$--${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$ Torr ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ pressure has been studied by high-resolution medium-energy ion-scattering spectroscopy (MEIS). To develop a fundamental understanding of very thin oxide film growth, we utilize sequential isotopic exposures ${(}^{18}$${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ followed by $^{16}\mathrm{O}_{2}$). MEIS readily distinguishes $^{18}\mathrm{O}$ from $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ and the depth distribution for both species can be determined quantitatively with high accuracy. Our results show that the traditional phenomenological models for silicon oxidation cannot be applied to the initial oxidation. For very thin oxide films (15--25 \AA{}), we find overlapping isotope depth profiles in the film. For thicker films (>40 \AA{}), we find that several key aspects of the Deal-Grove model (oxygen diffusion to the Si-${\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$ interface and oxide formation at and/or near that interface) are consistent with our results. We also observe $^{18}\mathrm{O}$ loss from the surface after reoxidation in $^{16}\mathrm{O}_{2}$. The complex oxidation behavior during the initial oxidation is likely to be a combination of interfacial, near-interfacial, and surface reactions.
Urban Australian Aboriginal Peoples' Experience and Use of Human Services (2003)

Indigenous Australians are significantly over-represented amongst clients of social and human services, such as social security, housing, health and community services. Reports over the past twenty years or so have indicated consistently that there are serious deficits in the manner and provisions of such services. These reports have focussed on rural and remote Aboriginal peoples and little information has been gathered regarding urban Aboriginal peoples' experiences. This paper reports on research undertaken with Aboriginal communities in Sydney regarding their human services experiences. An emancipatory Indigenous research methodology was employed using focus groups, feedback and commentary whereby the communities maintained control and ownership over the information. Interpretation of the information resulted in the emergence of some familiar, and some not so familiar themes with all having a common thread of systemic discrimination. Themes were: the use and abuse of Aboriginal liaison staff, attitudes of staff and policy makers, visibility of Aboriginal clients, poor communication, lack of access to services, client rights and lack of integration of services. Participants also suggested ways ahead. The over-riding theme though had to do with Indigenous Australians' citizenship. Their requirement, to be treated with the respect and esteem afforded Australian citizens by state services, goes to the heart of the nature of Indigenous Australians' social citizenship.
Relation between the Ion Size and Pore Size for an Electric Double-Layer Capacitor (2008)

The research on electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLC), also known as supercapacitors or ultracapacitors, is quickly expanding because their power delivery performance fills the gap between dielectric capacitors and traditional batteries. However, many fundamental questions, such as the relations between the pore size of carbon electrodes, ion size of the electrolyte, and the capacitance have not yet been fully answered. We show that the pore size leading to the maximum double-layer capacitance of a TiC-derived carbon electrode in a solvent-free ethyl-methylimmidazolium-bis(trifluoro-methane-sulfonyl)imide (EMI-TFSI) ionic liquid is roughly equal to the ion size (approximately 0.7 nm). The capacitance values of TiC-CDC produced at 500 degrees C are more than 160 F/g and 85 F/cm(3) at 60 degrees C, while standard activated carbons with larger pores and a broader pore size distribution present capacitance values lower than 100 F/g and 50 F/cm(3) in ionic liquids. A significant drop in capacitance has been observed in pores that were larger or smaller than the ion size by just an angstrom, suggesting that the pore size must be tuned with sub-angstrom accuracy when selecting a carbon/ion couple. This work suggests a general approach to EDLC design leading to the maximum energy density, which has been now proved for both solvated organic salts and solvent-free liquid electrolytes.
Structure-Activity Study on Antiviral 5-Vinylpyrimidine Nucleoside Analogs Using Wiener's Topological Index (1994)

The relationship between Wiener's topological index and the antiviral activity of a series of 5-vinylpyrimidine nucleoside analogs has been investigated. Values for more than 100 compounds were computed, and an active range was identified. The predicted activity of each compound was compared with reported antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type I. Due to significant correlation between antiviral activity and Wiener's topological index, it was possible to predict antiviral activity with an accuracy of approximately 83%.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL STABILITY OF SOYBEAN OIL‐FILLED MILK (1970)

SUMMARY Filled milks were formulated from fresh skimmilk, vegetable oils and emulsifiers. The filled milks were pasteurized at 170°F for 8 see, homogenized at 500/2,500 psi and cooled to 36°F. Studies on lipid oxidation and flavor score were made during storage at 40°F for 7 days. Soybean oil‐filled milk, prepared from lightly hydrogenated soybean oil, was quite acceptable when evaluated organoleptically at 24‐hr intervals of approximately 1 wk. Thiobarbituric acid and peroxide values revealed that very slight oxidation had occurred during storage for approximately 1 wk at 40°F. Monoglyceride emulsifiers with varying degrees of saturation were used to stabilize the emulsion of soybean oil in skimmilk. The more unsaturated monoglycerides tended to impart bitter flavors to the milk when used at a concentration of 0.1% (based on weight of product) and also were less efficient emulsifiers when compared to saturated monoglycerides. Development of a very undesirable sulfide‐like odor and flavor occurred under extremely high pasteurization temperatures. The degree of off‐flavor produced was directly proportional to time and temperature of heating.
Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power System Using Boost-HalfBridge Converter (2013)

This paper focuses on the power electronics used in the renewable energy systems especially in the photovoltaic applications. In recent years, interest in natural energy has grown in response to increased concern for the environment. Due to the limitations in the energy available from conventional sources, worldwide attention is being focused on renewable sources of energy. Especially, the energy obtained from solar arrays, becomes more and more important. In grid connected applications, a modular micro-inverter integrated with each photovoltaic (PV) panel can reduce the overall system cost and increase the system reliability and MPPT efficiency. In order to make the PV generation system more flexible and expandable, the backstage power circuit is composed of a high step-up converter and a pulse width-modulation (PWM) inverter. The traditional voltage-fed-full-bridge DC-DC converter suffers high cost, low transformer efficiency and discontinuous input current problems. A current-fed-half-bridge converter topology is utilized herewith continuous input current current, low cost and high efficiency features. A 210 W single-phase PV microinverter system with galvanic isolation is presented. By integrating microinverter to each PV panel, localized MPPT of each individual PV panel can be achieved, thus loading to fast tracking speed and higher system efficiency.
“詩言志”之本義謭論 : 讀朱自清先生《詩言志辨》札記 (2019)

朱自清先生《詩言志辨》，認為“詩言志”之基本内涵是言説思想意志用以教化，强調其思想旨趣在於政教。這個學術影響巨大的認知，其實是對漢代詩學思想的整理和提煉,與“詩言志”之本義不完全相符。本文從先秦“詩言志”之實踐和闡説、詩人自道“詩言志”之内涵以及“詩言志”訓詁三個方面，重新梳理“詩言志”之本義，以為其不僅包含“表達思想意志”之義，也包含“抒發情感”和“紀事論理”之義。 In Shiyanzhibian, Zhu Ziqing believes that the essence of shiyanzhi is that the purpose of expressing thoughts and ideas is to emphasize the significance of official propaganda. This conviction, which has major academic influence, is actually an induction of the overall poetic thoughts of Han Dynasty, rather than aiming at the essence of shiyanzhi. This essay holds this argument from three aspects: the practice and interpretation of shiyanzhi of pre-Qin period, the illustrations of shiyanzhi of poets themselves, and exegetical studies (xungu) of shiyanzhi. In doing so, this essay reevaluates the very essence of shiyanzhi, and proposes that shiyanzhi contains not only the meaning of illustrating ideological thoughts, but also includes expressing emotions and the ethics of narratives.
A cost-effective location management strategy based on movement pattern of active users in a heterogeneous system (2011)

This paper proposes a cost effective location management method for location update and paging in heterogeneous wireless systems. The proposed location update method generates dynamic location area (LA) list. It provides accurate and up-to-date location information of each user and their probabilities of visiting each LA and cells within a LA. This list is updated according to user movement. Probable short term traffic in each LA can be forecasted using the probabilistic information in the LA list. The proposed selective paging minimizes call delivery cost. Overall 48%-65% improvement in total cost in location management has been achieved than previous approaches.
Overview of the Marine <i>Roseobacter</i> Lineage (2005)

Despite the overwhelming bacterial diversity present in the world's oceans, the majority of recognized marine bacteria fall into as few as nine major clades (36), many of which have yet to be cultivated in the laboratory.Molecular-based approaches targeting 16S rRNA genes demonstrate that the Roseobacter clade is one of these major marine groups, typically comprising upwards of 20% of coastal and 15% of mixed-layer ocean bacterioplankton communities (see, e.g., references 36, 37, 42, 98, and 109).Roseobacters are well represented across diverse marine habitats, from coastal to open oceans and from sea ice to sea floor (see, e.g., references 16, 28, 37, 42, 52, and 98).Members have been found to be free living, particle associated, or in commensal relationships with marine phytoplankton, invertebrates, and vertebrates (see, e.g., references 4, 6, 7, 44, 49, 115, and 119).Furthermore, representatives of the clade stand out as representing one of the most readily cultivated of the major marine lineages (36).These isolated representatives are serving as the foundation for an improved understanding of marine bacterial ecology and physiology.
Low Loss and Low Crosstalk Waveguide Crossings Designed by Wavefront Matching Method (2006)

We designed waveguide crossings with small angles by the wavefront matching method to reduce excess loss and crosstalk. The designed waveguide crossings were fabricated using silica-based planar lightwave circuit (PLC) technology. We experimentally obtained excess loss and crosstalk values of less than 0.3 and -30 dB, respectively, for a crossing angle of 5deg, and of less than 0.1 and -38 dB, respectively, for an angle of 20deg, in the 1530-1565-nm wavelength range. The designed waveguide crossings are promising as basic circuit elements for realizing more compact PLC devices
A rare complication from prostaglandin analogue therapy (2008)

This case describes a rare complication of prostaglandin analogue eye drops used for treatment of primary open angle glaucoma. Though increase in the number, size and pigmentation of eyelashes is well-known, this case shows extensive hair growth in malar region, which can be unacceptable. This complication can be one of the causes of discontinuation of prostaglandin analogue therapy.
Molecular dynamics algorithm for multiple time scales: Systems with disparate masses (1991)

A frequently encountered problem in molecular dynamics is how to treat the long times that are required to simulate condensed systems consisting of mixtures of light and heavy particles. Standard methods require the choice of time step sufficiently small to guarantee stable solution for the low mass component with the consequence that these simulations require a very large number of central processing unit cycles to treat the relaxation of the heavier component. In this note, we present a new method that allows one to use a time step appropriate for the heavy particles. This method uses a similar idea to numerical analytical propogator algorithm, an algorithm we invented to treat high frequency oscillators interacting with low frequency baths and is based on a choice of a reference system for the light particle motions. The method is applied to the case of a liquid containing 864 Lennard-Jones spheres, 824 of these particles having a mass, M=100 and 40 spheres picked at random have a mass m=1. It is shown that molecular dynamics using the new algorithm runs seven to ten times faster than standard methods and this approach as well as suitable generalizations should be very useful for future simulations of quantum and classical condensed matter systems.
Cloning and Expression of Full-Length Trichoderma reesei Cellobiohydrolase I cDNAs in Escherichia Coli (1996)

The process of converting lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol via fermentation depends on developing economic sources of cellulases. Trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolase (CBH) I is a key enzyme in the fungal cellulase system; however, specific process application requirements make modification of the enzyme by site-directed mutagenesis (SDM) an attractive goal. To undertake SDM investigations, an efficient, cellulase-free host is required. To test the potential of Escherichia coli as a host, T. reesei CBH I cDNA was expressed in E. coli strain GI 724 as a C-terminal fusion to thermostable thioredoxin protein. Full-length expression of CBH I was subsequently verified by molecular weight, Western blot analysis, and activity on soluble substrates.
Profiling Users in GUI Based Systems for Masquerade Detection (2006)

Masquerading or impersonation attack refers to the illegitimate activity on a computer system when one user impersonates another user. Masquerade attacks are serious in nature due to the fact that they are mostly carried by insiders and thus are extremely difficult to detect. Detection of these attacks is done by monitoring significant changes in user's behavior based on his/her profile. Currently, such profiles are based mostly on the user command line data and do not represent his/her complete behavior in a graphical user interface (GUI) based system and hence are not sufficient to quickly detect such masquerade attacks. In this paper, we present a new framework for creating a unique feature set for user behavior on GUI based systems. We have collected real user behavior data from live systems and extracted parameters to construct these feature vectors. These vectors contain user information such as mouse speed, distance, angles and amount of clicks during a user session. We model our technique of user identification and masquerade detection as a binary classification problem and use support vector machine (SVM) to learn and classify these feature vectors. We show that our technique can provide detection rates of up to 96% with few false positives based on these feature vectors. We have tested our technique with various feature vector parameters and conclude that these feature vectors can provide unique and comprehensive user behavior information and are powerful enough to detect masqueraders
Development of an innovative immunoassay for CP4EPSPS and Cry1AB genetically modified protein detection and quantification (2006)

An innovative immunoassay, called enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) Reverse, based on a new conformation of the solid phase, was developed. The solid support was expressly designed to be immersed directly in liquid samples to detect the presence of protein targets. Its application is proposed in those cases where a large number of samples have to be screened simultaneously or when the simultaneous detection of different proteins is required. As a first application, a quantitative immunoassay for Cry1AB protein in genetically modified maize was optimized. The method was tested using genetically modified organism concentrations from 0.1 to 2.0%. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation of the method were determined as 0.0056 and 0.0168 (expressed as the percentage of genetically modified organisms content), respectively. A qualitative multiplex assay to assess the presence of two genetically modified proteins simultaneously was also established for the case of the Cry1AB and the CP4EPSPS (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) present in genetically modified maize and soy, respectively.
[Bcl-2, TGFbeta1, and apoptosis in placenta tissues in patients with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy]. (2007)

Apoptosis of the placental trophoblasts of pregnancies with hypertensive disorder is evidently enhanced. The TGFbeta1 expression increases and the Bcl-2 expression decreases. The imbalance between TGFbeta1 and Bcl-2 expression may induce the hypertensive disorder.
CCDC 180085: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2002)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Neue heptaen-makrolide—I : Charakterisierung und abbau (1970)

Abstract The antibiotic DJ-400 isolated from streptomyces was separated by counter current distribution into two similar components B1 and B2. Retroaldolizations yielded N-methyl-p-aminoacetophenone and 3,5-heptadienone from B1, and p-aminoacetophenone from B2. With stronger alkali an octaenal was isolated from both components. Both, B1 and B2, contain free β-ketoacid systems and the amino sugar mycosamine. Further experiments have led to partial structures 8 or 9 for the surrounding of the chromophore.
Confirmation by synthesis of ristosamine as 3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-L-ribo-hexose (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConfirmation by synthesis of ristosamine as 3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-L-ribo-hexoseWilliam W. Lee, Helen Y. Wu, John J. Marsh Jr., Carol W. Mosher, Edward M. Acton, Leon Goodman, and David W. HenryCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1975, 18, 7, 767–768Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00241a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00241a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Complexity scalable video decoding via IDCT data pruning (2002)

Resource constraint video decoding is critical for the next generation cost-driven multimedia devices. In this paper, we present a DCT-based computational complexity scalable video decoder via properly pruning the DCT data. Experimental results showed that the complexity can be scaled from 100% to 38% and the output quality is gracefully degraded.