gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Global communications network modeling tools (2003)

The authors are developing a list of requirements for a general computer-aided engineering tool which will support the design and evaluation of global communications networks into the next decade. The target applications of this tool include simulating the operation of large C/sup 3/I networks, including both terrestrial and space segments. Hierarchical modeling and specification strategies, based on those in OPNET, will be the core of the tool architecture. A key modeling requirement is the determination of link closure, based on node dynamics and orientation. Specification of satellite orbits will be based on the six classical orbital elements, and will feature graphical feedback in the form of azimuth/elevation plots. Detailed terrestrial scenario specification will be supported, including the deployment of fixed ground, mobile ground, and airborne nodes. Decision support features will generate graphical views of node and network variables, including availability plots and connectivity maps.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Novel Railway Signal Control System Based on the Internet Technology and an Assurance Technology (2008)

We have developed a novel railway signal control system that works as a distributed system. It consists of a central control unit (called LC) and terminal devices (called FC) that are distributed at the railroad wayside and operate signal devices. The Internet technologies and optical LAN technologies have been used as communication methods between the LC and the FCs. The FC is a distributed terminal device that has its own processor and placed at the railroad wayside to control the field signal devices. The LC is a centralized computer device that has software arranged by the function of the field devices. An optical network system and multiple communication paths between the LC and the FCs realize robust transmissions. Moreover, the assure performance of controls and transmissions have been investigated, and the autonomous distributed signal control system is also discussed as the next steps of the system.
Adaptive Scheduling of Data Paths using Uppaal Tiga (2009)

We apply Uppaal Tiga to automatically compute adaptive scheduling strategies for an industrial case study dealing with a state-of-the-art image processing pipeline of a printer. As far as we know, this is the first application of timed automata technology to an industrial scheduling problem with uncertainty in job arrivals.
A new implantable device for telemetric control of pulmonary blood flow (2002)

The main problem encountered in pulmonary artery banding is the difficulty in determining the optimal perimeter of the band, and sometime repeated surgical operations are required to adjust the band perimeter in order to control the pulmonary blood flow. To overcome these difficulties EndoArt S.A. (Lausanne, Switzerland) developed an externally adjustable, telemetrically controlled device for pulmonary artery banding (FloWatch), which is wireless, battery free, easy to implant and use, and we here report on the technical characteristics of the device. The preliminary acute experimental studies demonstrated the feasibility of the implant and the good functioning of the device.
Detection of acoustic solitary waves in nonlinear lithium niobate crystals (2003)

Pulses of acoustic energy that are propagating in a normal linear material have a tendency for their profile to flatten and broaden, becoming depleted and ill-defined in form; in contrast, nonlinear materials narrow the profile of the pulse envelope. However, provided there is sufficient energy in the pulse, propagation in a nonlinear and dispersive material allows these opposing wave characteristics to cancel each other out, so that a persistent packet of energy known as a solitary wave or soliton can form. Here, we provide experimental evidence for the existence of acoustic solitons and describe the instrumentation, transducers, material conditions, and appropriate solitary wave test for acoustic pulses. Our key contribution was the use of acoustic chirp profiling for verifying the formation of acoustic solitary waves over the short path lengths necessary for a practical demonstration.
The Effect of Brake System Evacuation and Fill on Initial Brake Pedal Travel (1991)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The effectiveness of a brake system evacuation and fill will be shown to be quantifiable in terms of initial brake pedal travel by way of a few simple hand calculations. This paper does not discuss the mechanics of evacuation and fill, rather, it is a study into the impact of the evacuation and fill process upon initial brake pedal travel. First, initial pedal travel due to the evacuation and fill process will be quantified by a series of calculations. Secondly, empirical data will be presented which will demonstrate the close correlation of calculated results to those obtained in actual brake system tests.</div>
Compressed K-Means for Large-Scale Clustering (2017)

Large-scale clustering has been widely used in many applications, and has received much attention. Most existing clustering methods suffer from both expensive computation and memory costs when applied to large-scale datasets. In this paper, we propose a novel clustering method, dubbed compressed k-means (CKM), for fast large-scale clustering. Specifically, high-dimensional data are compressed into short binary codes, which are well suited for fast clustering. CKM enjoys two key benefits: 1) storage can be significantly reduced by representing data points as binary codes; 2) distance computation is very efficient using Hamming metric between binary codes. We propose to jointly learn binary codes and clusters within one framework. Extensive experimental results on four large-scale datasets, including two million-scale datasets demonstrate that CKM outperforms the state-of-the-art large-scale clustering methods in terms of both computation and memory cost, while achieving comparable clustering accuracy.
Subband adaptive equaliser tracking for fractionally-sampled fading broadband MIMO channels (2005)

This paper demonstrates the performance of a subband adaptive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) equaliser tracking the inverse of a Doppler-filtered Rayleigh-fading broadband channel. The subband adaptive equaliser is shown to outperform the fullband equivalent for channels with a high spectral dynamic range and long MMSE equaliser response in terms of tracking MSE and computational cost. 1.
A Simple Method for Synthesis of 4-Dimethylamino-2,6-dimethyl-5-phenylpyrimidines (1993)

The reaction of N-(1-methyl-2-phenylvinyl)acetimidoyl chloride and its derivatives substituted at the benzene ring with N,N-dimethylcyanamide was studied. At the first stage, linear products like 1-chloro-1-dimethylamino-3,5-dimethyl-6-phenyl-2,4-diaza-1,3,5-hexatrienes were obtained. They underwent cyclization to 4-dimethylamino-2,6-dimethyl-5-phenylpyrimidines in alkaline medium at elevated temperature
Spirofungin A: Stereoselective Synthesis and Inhibition of Isoleucyl‐tRNA Synthetase (2007)

Lock it in: A temporary silicon-based configurational lock (see scheme) has enabled an efficient and fully diastereoselective assembly of the spiroketal subunit of spirofungin A. This complex natural product was synthesized in 20 steps, including a rapid polyketide assembly based on the ring-opening metathesis of a cyclopropenone acetal. It was established that spirofungin A elicited notable antiproliferative activity against several human cancer cell lines and selectively inhibited isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase in vitro.
<i>In Vivo</i> Selection of a Missense Mutation in <i>adeR</i> and Conversion of the Novel <i>bla</i> <sub>OXA-164</sub> Gene into <i>bla</i> <sub>OXA-58</sub> in Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolates from a Hospitalized Patient (2010)

The mechanism of stepwise acquired multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient was investigated. Thirteen consecutive multidrug-resistant isolates were recovered from the same patient over a 2-month period. The Vitek 2 system identified the isolates as meropenem-sensitive Acinetobacter lwoffii; however, molecular identification showed that the isolates were A. baumannii. Etest revealed that the isolates were meropenem resistant. The presence of oxacillinase (OXA)-type enzymes were investigated by sequencing. The clonal relatedness of isolates was assessed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Expression of the genes encoding the efflux pumps AdeB and AdeJ was performed by semiquantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). The adeRS two-component system was sequenced. All isolates had identical PFGE fingerprints, suggesting clonal identity. The first six isolates were positive for the novel bla(OXA-164) gene. The following seven isolates, recovered after treatment with a combination of meropenem, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and co-trimoxazole showed an increase of >7-fold in adeB mRNA transcripts and a missense mutation in bla(OXA-164), converting it to bla(OXA-58). Sequencing revealed a novel mutation in adeR. These data illustrate how A. baumannii can adapt during antimicrobial therapy, leading to increased antimicrobial resistance.
Cognitive-LPWAN: Towards Intelligent Wireless Services in Hybrid Low Power Wide Area Networks (2018)

The relentless development of the Internet of Things (IoT) communication technologies and the gradual maturity of artificial intelligence (AI) have led to a powerful cognitive computing ability. Users can now access efficient and convenient smart services in smart-city, green-IoT, and heterogeneous networks. AI has been applied in various areas, including the intelligent household, advanced health-care, automatic driving, and emotional interactions. This paper focuses on current wireless-communication technologies, including cellular-communication technologies (4G, 5G), low-power wide-area (LPWA) technologies with an unlicensed spectrum (LoRa, SigFox), and other LPWA technologies supported by 3GPP working with an authorized spectrum (EC-GSM, LTE-M, NB-IoT). We put forward a cognitive LPWA-network (Cognitive-LPWAN) architecture to safeguard stable and efficient communications in a heterogeneous IoT. To ensure that the user can employ the AI efficiently and conveniently, we realize a variety of LPWA technologies to safeguard the network layer. In addition, to balance the demand for heterogeneous IoT devices with the communication delay and energy consumption, we put forward the AI-enabled LPWA hybrid method, starting from the perspective of traffic control. The AI algorithm provides the smart control of wireless-communication technology, intelligent applications and services for the choice of different wireless-communication technologies. As an example, we consider the AIWAC emotion interaction system, build the Cognitive-LPWAN and test the proposed AI-enabled LPWA hybrid method. The experimental results show that our scheme can meet the demands of communication-delay applications. Cognitive-LPWAN selects appropriate communication technologies to achieve a better interaction experience.
The maize SBP-box transcription factor encoded by <i>tasselsheath4</i> regulates bract development and the establishment of meristem boundaries (2010)

Plant architecture consists of repeating units called phytomers, each containing an internode, leaf and axillary meristem. The formation of boundaries within the phytomer is necessary to differentiate and separate these three components, otherwise some will grow at the expense of others. The microRNA-targeted SBP-box transcription factor tasselsheath4 (tsh4) plays an essential role in establishing these boundaries within the inflorescence. tsh4 mutants display altered phyllotaxy, fewer lateral meristems and ectopic leaves that grow at the expense of the meristem. Double-mutant analyses of tsh4 and several highly branched mutants, such as ramosa1-3 and branched silkless1, demonstrated a requirement for tsh4 in branch meristem initiation and maintenance. TSH4 protein, however, was localized throughout the inflorescence stem and at the base of lateral meristems, but not within the meristem itself. Double labeling of TSH4 with the ramosa2, branched silkless1 and knotted1 meristem markers confirmed that TSH4 forms a boundary adjacent to all lateral meristems. Indeed, double labeling of miR156 showed a meristem-specific pattern complementary to that of TSH4, consistent with tsh4 being negatively regulated by this microRNA. Thus, downregulation of TSH4 by a combination of microRNAs and branching pathway genes allows the establishment of lateral meristems and the repression of leaf initiation, thereby playing a major role in defining meristem versus leaf boundaries.
Effect of antimicrobial soap containing chlorhexidine on the microbial flora of skin (1976)

The qualitative and semiquantitative changes in the aerobic microbial flora of normal skin with the prolonged use of a chlorhexidine scrub (6 months) were investigated. More samples in the chlorhexidine scrub group had gram-negative bacilli in their axilla (63 of 96, 66%) and groin (36 of 96, 38%) than the controls (32 of 66, 49%, for axilla and 7 of 66, 11%, for groin; P = 0.01). Klebsiella and Enterobacter were the predominant organisms in the control and chlorhexidine groups, respectively. The chlorhexidine scrub produced a reduction in the total aerobic counts in the axilla, groin, and between the toes and the fingers. Fewer samples from the chlorhexidine-treated areas revealed the presence of lipophilic diphtheroids than did the controls. Lipophilic diphteroids were also reduced quantitatively in the groin and axilla with chlorhexidine treatment. No consistent pattern for the other major groups of bacteria was noted between the treatments.
Dimension Reduction for the Conditional<i>k</i>th Moment in Regression (2002)

Summary The idea of dimension reduction without loss of information can be quite helpful for guiding the construction of summary plots in regression without requiring a prespecified model. Central subspaces are designed to capture all the information for the regression and to provide a population structure for dimension reduction. Here, we introduce the central kth-moment subspace to capture information from the mean, variance and so on up to the kth conditional moment of the regression. New methods are studied for estimating these subspaces. Connections with sliced inverse regression are established, and examples illustrating the theory are presented.
A 1.1 GHz Fifth Order Active-LC Butterworth Type Equalizing Filter (2007)

This paper describes architectural and design considerations for low power, GHz range wideband low-pass active filters. A series LC resonator based biquad is proposed and its power efficiency is shown to be over 7 times better than an equivalent Gm-C biquad. Reduced number of active elements and readily available bandpass and low-pass signals make this topology particularly suitable for efficient realization of equalizing functions. Also demonstrated is a common-mode feedback scheme that allows for a stable, high accuracy common-mode control with loop bandwidth which can exceed twice the filter's bandwidth. A fifth order active-LC Butterworth filter prototype is fabricated in a standard 0.18 CMOS technology. It provides a bandwidth of 1.1 GHz and features equalization gain programmable over a 0-23 dB range. It is experimentally verified to achieve 47 dB SNR and 48 dB IM3 with 250 mVpp swing while consuming 72 mW of power.
Investigation into photocatalytic decolorisation of CI Reactive Black 5 using titanium dioxide nanopowder (2011)

The photocatalytic decolorisation of CI Reactive Black 5 using titanium dioxide nanopowder as a catalyst was studied and the results obtained are discussed in terms of its decolorisation efficiency. All experiments were performed using a double‐walled quartz immersion well batch reactor in which the slurry form of the reactants was at its natural pH of 5.1. The performance of titanium dioxide nanopowder (size <25 nm; surface area 200–220 m 2 /g) was compared with that of reference titanium dioxide powder (size ca . 230 nm; surface area 11 m 2 /g); in both cases, the titanium dioxide samples were anatase. It was found that the photocatalytic decolorisation efficiencies obtained using titanium dioxide nanopowder were higher than those of the reference titanium dioxide powder, with the latter taking approximately 8 min longer to achieve almost complete decolorisation of 10 mg/l CI Reactive Black 5. The photocatalytic decolorisation rate of CI Reactive Black 5 using both titanium dioxide photocatalysts typically followed a first‐order reaction and the decolorisation kinetics were successfully fitted to a simplified Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic model. In addition, the effects of light type and intensity, catalyst loading and initial CI Reactive Black 5 concentration were investigated using titanium dioxide nanopowder as the photocatalyst in the decolorisation of the dye. This study shows that the recommended parameters for treating 10 mg/l CI Reactive Black 5 based on the experimental set‐up and operating conditions are an ultraviolet light power of 125 W (39.3 mW/cm 2 ) and a 0.3‐g/l catalyst loading.
A procedure for embedding effluent plumes into LWIR imagery (2005)

Longwave Infrared (LWIR) data sets collected from airborne platforms provide opportunities for study of atmospheric and surface features in the emissive spectral regime. The transfer of radiation for LWIR scenes can be formulated in a manner that allows recovery of the surface-leaving radiance (a result of atmospheric compensation). Using a forward radiative transfer model, a number of modifications to the atmospheric component of the scene can be made and applied to the surface-leaving radiance to predict sensor radiance that reflects a desired scenario. One such modification is the inclusion of a layer of effluent, the structure of which can be simulated by a plume model. Additionally, a different set of atmospheric conditions can be modeled and used to replace the conditions present in the scene. The resultant scene radiance field can be used to test algorithms for effluent characterization since the composition of the effluent layer and the intervening atmosphere is known. This approach allows for the embedding of a plume layer containing any combination of effluents from a set of over 400 gas spectra, the dispersion of which can be simulated using various plume models. Examples of simulated plume scenes are given, one of which contains an existing plume which is replicated using known emission information. Comparison of the real and simulated plume brightness temperatures yielded differences on the order of 0.2 K.
The Evaluation of Scan-Derived Anthropometric Measurements (2010)

The use of 3-D whole body scanners has opened new opportunities for effective anthropometric data collection and its numerous applications. Meanwhile, there is a growing concern about whether the scan-derived measurements are comparable with the manual measurements. In this paper, an experiment was first conducted with 263 human subjects to evaluate the scan-derived measurements. By comparing the mean absolute difference (MAD) between the repeated scan-derived measurements against the interobserver error of the traditional anthropometric survey, the precision of the scan-derived measurements was found to be better than that of the manual measurements. As for accuracy, the results of the paired T-test indicated that some of the scan-derived measurements were significantly different from the corresponding manual measurements. In addition, most of the MADs between the scan-derived measurement and the manual measurement exceed the ISO 20685 criteria. The unacceptable accuracy was possibly due to the variation caused by the human subject. Thus, a mannequin was utilized for a second-stage evaluation of the scan-derived measurements in which the variation of human subject was eliminated. In contrast to scanning human subjects, the experimental results showed that the scan-derived measurements produced acceptable and satisfactory accuracy and precision while scanning a mannequin. As a result, the variation caused by human subject seems to be a critical influencing factor and needs to be minimized in 3-D scanning. Moreover, some important countermeasures are proposed for enhancing the performance of 3-D scanning, including designing supporting devices to reduce body sway, training the staff with adequate measurement skill, and increasing the scanning speed and resolution of the 3-D body scanner.
Preparation and Properties of Porous Polyimide Films Prepared by the Pyrolysis of Poly(urethane-imide) Films. (1999)

Porous polyimide films were prepared by 2 steps. The first step is the preparation of poly(urethane-imide) films by a reaction between phenol-terminated polyurethane prepolymer and poly(amide acid). Polyurethane prepolymer was prepared from the reaction of polyethylene adipate and hexamethylenediisocyanate. Poly(amide acid) was obtained from pyromellitic dianhydride and oxydianiline. The second step is the pyrolysis of the poly(urethane-imide) films. Upon thermal treatment of the poly(urethane-imide) films at 300 to 400°C, the thermally less stable urethane domains decomposed, leaving porous polyimide films. The presence of pores was confirmed from the scanning electron microscope of the surface and the cross-section of the films. The size distribution of the pore was narrow. With the increase of urethane content, the size of the pore increased. Tensile measurements revealed that, with the increase of urethane component, tensile modulus did not vary so much, but elongation and thus tensile strength decreased. Viscoelastic analyses showed that all the porous polyimide films had high glass transition temperature at above 400°C, and storage moduli were maintained up to 400°C.
BVI-HD: A Video Quality Database for HEVC Compressed and Texture Synthesized Content (2018)

This paper introduces a new high-definition video quality database, referred to as BVI-HD, which contains 32 reference and 384 distorted video sequences plus subjective scores. The reference material in this database was carefully selected to optimize the coverage range and distribution uniformity of five low-level video features, while the included 12 distortions, using both original high efficiency video coding (HEVC) and HEVC with synthesis mode, represent state-of-the-art approaches to compression. The range of quantization parameters included in the database for HEVC compression was determined by a subjective study, the results of which indicate that a wider range of QP values should be used than the current recommendation. The subjective opinion scores for all 384 distorted videos were collected from a total of 86 subjects, using a double stimulus test methodology. Based on these results, we compare the subjective quality between HEVC and synthesised content, and evaluate the performance of nine state-of-the-art, full-reference objective quality metrics. This database has now been made available online, representing a valuable resource to those concerned with compression performance evaluation and objective video quality assessment.