gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel luminescent mesoporous silica/apatite composite for controlled drug release (2011)

A novel bifunctional composite, combining the mesoporous structure of MCM-48 and the self-activated strong blue luminescence of hydroxyapatite (HAp), was synthesized and employed for drug delivery and in vitrodrug release monitoring in the simulated body fluid (SBF) system. Studies have shown that this spherical composite exhibits ordered mesoscale pores, which are suitable to be a carrier for controlled drug release. Drug storage/release test indicates that this composite shows high drug loading and well controlled release capability for captopril (CapH2). Particularly, the composite loaded with CapH2 still shows strong blue emission centered at 410 nm under UV excitation, and the luminescence intensity keeps increasing when drug molecules are gradually released from the composite, which shows great potential for controlled drug delivery, in vivo monitoring, and disease diagnosis.
Lysine-Heparin Interactions in Antithrombin. Properties of K125M and K290M,K294M,K297M Variants (1994)

Lysine residues in two different regions of antithrombin have been proposed to be involved in heparin binding and heparin-mediated acceleration of proteinase inhibition. Lysine 125 has been implicated as an essential heparin binding residue from chemical modification studies [Peterson, C. B., Noyes, C. M., Pecon, J. M., Church, F. C., & Blackburn, M. N. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 8061-8065] whereas lysines 290, 294, and 297 have been proposed from model building studies to constitute the heparin binding site [Villanueva, G. B. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 2531-2536]. To evaluate both of these proposals, we have prepared two variant human antithrombins, K125M and K290M,K294M,K297M, in which these lysines have been changed by site-directed mutagenesis to methionines. The K290M,K294M,K297M variant had properties very similar to those of wild-type recombinant antithrombin in affinity for heparin, and in rates of inhibition of thrombin and factor Xa. In contrast, K125M antithrombin had reduced affinity for both heparin pentasaccharide and full-length heparin, corresponding to delta delta Gs of 3.1 and 2.0 kcal mol-1, respectively. However, this variant was still able to inhibit both thrombin and factor Xa. Whereas the rate of thrombin inhibition was similar to that of wild-type antithrombin, the rate of factor Xa inhibition was enhanced between 2- and 3-fold, suggesting a role for lysine 125 in the allosteric coupling between the heparin binding site and the reactive center region. At saturation with either heparin pentasaccharide or full-length high-affinity heparin, the rates of inhibition of both proteinases were similar to those of wild-type antithrombin for both the K125M and K290M,K294M,K297M variants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
[Effects of solid adsorbents on the emission of heavy metals during coal combustion]. (2003)

Experiments were carried out on laboratory-scale pulverized coal combustion with different adsorbents. Three solid adsorbents (calcium sulfate, limestone and bauxite) were used to control the emission of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Co, Ni) during coal combustion. Sequential extraction procedure was developed for partitioning of metals species in coal ash into five fractions: absorbable metals, exchangeable metals, metals bound to carbonate, metals bound to sulfate, residual metals. The adsorbents showed a certain adsorptive ability to heavy metals, and different adsorbent had different ability. It can be proved from the distribution of heavy metals between coarse ash residues and fine particles and also from the increment of stable speciation of heavy metals in fine particles. Calcium sulfate was effective sorbent for removal of Pb, Cd and Cu, limestone for removal of Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, and bauxite for removal of these five heavy metals. Fine adsorbents have higher adsorptive ability than coarse adsorbents.
Superconducting magnetometers and their potential for geophysical measurements (1970)

The superconductive state exhibits many useful properties. Several of these, including zero electrical resistance, magnetic flux flow and Josephson tunneling are being used in the construction of very sensitive instruments for measuring magnetic fields and field derivatives. All superconducting magnetometers are vector instruments, i.e., they are sensitive to fields directed along the magnetometer axis. The superconductive element itself can be very small, on the order of 1 mm OD by 5 mm long, and straightforward dc, audio or RF electronic circuits can be used to drive the element and sense magnetic field changes.
An SH3-binding Site Conserved in Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase and Related Tyrosine Kinases Mediates Specific Protein Interactions in Vitro and in Vivo (1995)

Mutations in Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) have been associated with immunodeficiencies in man and in the mouse. Btk and two related proteins, Itk and Tec, are members of a distinct family of tyrosine kinases. These kinases are believed to function in various receptor-mediated signaling pathways, but their specific functions are as yet undefined. Btk and its homologues share extensive sequence similarity, including a conserved region, the Tec-homology (TH) domain, that has been proposed to mediate specific intermolecular or intramolecular interactions. The TH region of Btk contains a functional SH3-binding site at residues 189-192. SH3 binding is selective: Btk is retained by the SH3 domain of Fyn but not by that of Blk, another Src-type kinase. TH-SH3 binding in vitro is abolished by specific, single amino acid substitutions within the Btk TH domain or the Fyn SH3 domain. We provide two lines of evidence that the SH3-binding site in the Btk TH domain mediates protein interactions in intact cells. First, treatment of cells with pervanadate induces an increase in the phosphotyrosine content of kinase-inactive Btk; this response is substantially reduced by a mutation that inactivates the SH3-binding site in the Btk TH domain. Second, in cell lysates Btk is found in association with an as yet unidentified 72-kDa phosphotyrosine-containing protein; this interaction requires a functional SH3-binding site in the TH domain. The TH domain may therefore interact in vivo with other proteins that regulate the phosphorylation state of Btk.
Trapezoidal Structure for Residue-Free Filling and Patterning (2006)

A trapezoidal structure is introduced to fill microchannels with a liquid by simple dip-coating without leaving any residue on the other parts of the surface. This selective filling is in turn used for patterning by direct transfer of the filled liquid onto a substrate followed by curing. This patterning leaves no residual layer that most of the lithographies based on a mold have to contend with. For the selective filling, the liquid contact angle has to be high, but a high contact angle can cause instability of the liquid filament in the channel. The trapezoidal structure widens the window of the stability in terms of the contact angle and the channel aspect ratio. A theoretical result is obtained for the stability. Experimental results are also presented to show that the selective filling and patterning can be realized for the channels with an aspect ratio lower and a contact angle higher than those allowed for rectangular channels. The surface curvature of the filled liquid can be controlled by manipulating the drawing speed in the dip coating.
Occurrence of unusual molecular species of sphingomyelin containing 28-34-carbon polyenoic fatty acids in ram spermatozoa (1987)

The high levels of very long chain fatty acids found in ram spermatozoa are located almost exclusively in one of two separable species of sphingomyelin. Mass spectral analysis, including fast atom bombardment of the purified sphingomyelin, has shown the fatty acids to have a carbon chain length of between 28 and 34, with between four and six double bonds, and to belong predominantly to the n-3 series.
Effective map-matching on the most simplified road network (2012)

The effectiveness of map-matching algorithms highly depends on the accuracy and correctness of underlying road networks. In practice, the storage capacity of certain hardware, e.g. mobile devices and embedded systems, is sometimes insufficient to maintain a large digital map for map-matching. Unfortunately, most existing map-matching approaches consider little about this problem. They only apply to environments with information-rich maps, but turn out to be unacceptable for map-matching on simplified road networks. In this paper, we propose a novel map-matching algorithm called Passby to work on most simplified road networks. The storage size of a digital map in disk or memory can be greatly reduced after the simplification. Even under the most simplified situation, i.e., each road segment only consists of a couple of intersection points and omits any other information of it, the experimental results on real dataset show that our Passby algorithm significantly maintains high matching accuracy. Benefiting from the small size of map, simple index structure and heuristic foresight strategy, Passby improves matching accuracy as well as efficiency.
Few-Layered Graphene-like Boron Nitride: A Highly Efficient Adsorbent for Indoor Formaldehyde Removal (2016)

Highly porous boron nitride (BN) composed of a flexible network of hexagonal BN nanosheets was synthesized via thermal treatment of a boric acid/urea mixture. The as-prepared sponge-like BN displayed fast adsorption rates and ultrahigh adsorption capacities for gaseous formaldehyde (HCHO), e.g., 19 mg/g in equilibrium with approximately 20 ppm of HCHO in air, which is an order of magnitude higher than those of other tested materials, including commercial hexagonal BN and various metal oxides. The superb HCHO adsorption performance of the porous BN is mainly due to its large specific surface area (627 m2/g), as well as the abundant surface hydroxyl and amine groups. Moreover, chemisorption can occur on the BN layers and contribute to the high HCHO uptake capacity via Cannizzaro-type disproportionation reactions, during which HCHO is transformed into less toxic formic acid and methanol. This porous BN is a promising adsorbent for indoor HCHO removal and may serve as the support for highly efficient HCHO decomposition catalysts.
Protein degradation in human pure pancreatic juice analyzed by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (1996)

Abstract Two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2‐DE) was used to study protein degradation in human pure pancreatic juice (PPJ) which was collected at 5 min intervals for 20 min by selective endoscopic cannulation of the main pancreatic duct. In PPJ collected from healthy subjects no significant degradation was observed by incubating PPJ at 37°C up to 6 h. By further incubation for 24 h, glycoprotein‐1, procarboxypeptidase A‐1 and lipase were nearly completely degraded, while α‐amylase and procarboxypeptidase B‐1 were not degraded under these conditions; α‐amylase became labile in the presence of 1 m M ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or 10 m M phenyl methyl sulfonyl fluoride (PMSF). Protein degradation was observed by 2‐DE of an initial fraction of PPJ collected from patients with chronic calcific pancreatitis (CCP). The 2‐DE patterns of subsequent fractions resembled those of PPJ from healthy subjects. The mixture of the last fraction with the initial fraction showed significant protein degradation, inhibited by adding aprotinin. Furthermore, the extent of protein degradation correlated with the dilatation of the main pancreatic duct as a consequence of intraductal stagnation of pancreatic juice. These findings demonstrate that protein degradation in PPJ is accelerated by intraductal activation of serine proteases in the case of patients with CCP. 2‐DE of PPJ from patients with CCP provides useful information for the evaluation of intraductal activation of zymogens and the progress of chronic pancreatitis.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Pyruvic Acid by Salicylaldehyde Method (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectrophotometric Determination of Pyruvic Acid by Salicylaldehyde MethodSvante BerntssonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1955, 27, 10, 1659–1660Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60106a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60106a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views211Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Position paper: Impact on medical and health personnel in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (2020)

La Academia Nacional de Medicina de México, como organismo académico, educativo, de reflexión, representativo de la medicina mexicana y consultivo del Gobierno Federal, ha estado atenta al desarrollo de la infección por SARS-Cov2 en el país y manifiesta su interés por contribuir a que se logren los mejores desenlaces posibles.
High Speed Rotary Pulse Width Modulated On/Off Valve (2007)

A key enabling technology to effective on/off valve based control of hydraulic systems is the high speed on/off valve. High speed valves improve system efficiency for a given PWM frequency, offer faster control bandwidth, and produce smaller output pressure ripples. Current valves rely on the linear translation of a spool or poppet to meter flow. The valve spool must reverse direction twice per PWM cycle. This constant acceleration and deceleration of the spool requires a power input proportional to the PWM frequency cubed. As a result, current linear valves are severely limited in their switching frequencies. In this paper, we present a novel fluid driven PWM on/off valve design that is based on a unidirectional rotary spool. The spool is rotated by capturing momentum from the fluid flow through the valve. The on/off functionality of our design is achieved via helical barriers that protrude from the surface of a cylindrical spool. As the spool rotates, the helical barriers selectively channel the flow to the application (on) or to tank (off). The duty ratio is controlled by altering the axial position of the spool. Since the spool no longer accelerates or decelerates during operation, the power input to drive the valve must only compensate for viscous friction, which is proportional to the PWM frequency squared. We predict that our current design, sized for a nominal flow rate of 40l/m, can achieve a PWM frequency of 84Hz. This paper presents our valve concept, design equations, and an analysis of predicted performance. A simulation of our design is also presented.
Basic Science Behind the Catastrophic Epilepsies (2004)

The major catastrophic epileptic syndromes of childhood include infantile spasms, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, and the progressive myoclonus epilepsies (PMEs). Although each of these syndromes manifests in an age-specific manner and is defined by distinct electroclinical features, they are all refractory to medical therapy and are invariably associated with psychomotor deficits, and in the most severe cases, either epileptic encephalopathy or progressive neurodegeneration. While much has been written about the clinical features and natural history of the catastrophic epilepsies, very little is known about the underlying pathophysiology. Progress in our understanding and treatment of these conditions has been hampered by the lack of suitable animal models in which putative mechanisms and novel targets for intervention could be rigorously studied. Nevertheless, recent clinical and basic investigations have identified certain mechanisms that may be relevant to their pathogenesis. In this review, three major hypotheses regarding the pathophysiology of infantile spasms are highlighted: the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) hypothesis, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) hypothesis, and the serotonin-kynurenine hypothesis. One or more of these mechanisms may be relevant in part to later-onset catastrophic epilepsies since infantile spasms can persist into later childhood and, like Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, well into adulthood. There is a profound need to develop more relevant animal models of the developmental encephalopathic epilepsies to truly develop better therapeutic strategies for these catastrophic disorders.
Multivariate curve resolution in liquid chromatography (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultivariate curve resolution in liquid chromatographyDavid W. Osten and Bruce R. KowalskiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1984, 56, 6, 991–995Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00270a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00270a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views198Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
E-beam lithography and dry processing for submicron fabrication (1990)

Open Access
Structural and vibrational properties of GaN (1999)

Structural and vibrational properties of device quality pure GaN substrate grown using a lateral epitaxial overgrowth (LEO) technique were studied using x-ray diffraction, Brillouin, Raman, and infrared spectroscopy. Lattice constants were found to be a=3.1896±0.0002 Å and c=5.1855±0.0002 Å. Comparing the results with those on GaN epilayer directly grown on sapphire substrate, it is shown that the GaN substrate is indeed of high quality, i.e., the lattice is relaxed. However the GaN substrate has a small enough but finite residual strain arising from the pileup of the lateral growth front on SiO2 masks in the course of LEO. It was also found that the elastic stiffness constants C13 and C44, are more sensitive to the residual strain than the optical phonon frequencies. The high frequency and static dielectric constants were found to be 5.14 and 9.04. The Born and Callen effective charges were found to be 2.56 and 0.50.
“Click & Seed” Approach to the Biomimetic Modification of Material Surfaces (2012)

A simple, versatile, protein-repulsive, substrate-independent biomimetic surface modification is presented that is based on the creation of a PEO brush on a polydopamine anchoring layer and its capacity for selective follow-up modifications with various ligands using a copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition reaction. The desired surface concentration of peptide biomimetic ligands can be controlled by adjusting the peptide concentration in the reaction mixture, then measuring the activity of (125)I-radiolabeled peptides that are immobilized on the substrates. The performance of the prepared substrates is tested in cell cultures with MEF cells and a human ECC line.
Self-consistent model for photon scanning tunneling microscopy: implications for image formation and light scattering near a phase-conjugating mirror (1996)

A macroscopic self-consistent model for photon scanning tunneling microscopy with an uncoated fiber tip is developed by use of integral plane-wave representations of the total electric field in two-dimensional geometry. The model framework allows one to treat the incident field with an arbitrary angular spectrum and the presence of a thin-layer medium with a subwavelength structure on the sample surface. Imaging with the photon scanning tunneling microscope and light scattering near a phase-conjugating mirror are considered with our model by use of numerical simulations. We show that the near-field optical images provided by the microscope can be quite different from the light intensity distributions that exist near the sample surface in the absence of the fiber tip. We demonstrate that the self-consistent field at the site of a scatterer placed in front of a phase-conjugating mirror can be significantly enhanced as a result of multiple phase conjugation of the scattered light.
Design and synthesis of highly selective ionophores for lithium ion based on 14-crown-4 derivatives for an ion-selective electrode (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign and synthesis of highly selective ionophores for lithium ion based on 14-crown-4 derivatives for an ion-selective electrodeKoji. Suzuki, Hiroyuki. Yamada, Kazunari. Sato, Kazuhiko. Watanabe, Hideaki. Hisamoto, Yoshito. Tobe, and Kazuya. KobiroCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 23, 3404–3410Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00071a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00071a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views771Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts