gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rethinking serializable multiversion concurrency control (2014)

Multi-versioned database systems have the potential to significantly increase the amount of concurrency in transaction processing because they can avoid read-write conflicts. Unfortunately, the increase in concurrency usually comes at the cost of transaction serializability. If a database user requests full serializability, modern multi-versioned systems significantly constrain read-write concurrency among conflicting transactions and employ expensive synchronization patterns in their design. In main-memory multi-core settings, these additional constraints are so burdensome that multi-versioned systems are often significantly outperformed by single-version systems. We propose Bohm, a new concurrency control protocol for main-memory multi-versioned database systems. Bohm guarantees serializable execution while ensuring that reads never block writes. In addition, Bohm does not require reads to perform any book-keeping whatsoever, thereby avoiding the overhead of tracking reads via contended writes to shared memory. This leads to excellent scalability and performance in multi-core settings. Bohm has all the above characteristics without performing validation based concurrency control. Instead, it is pessimistic, and is therefore not prone to excessive aborts in the presence of contention. An experimental evaluation shows that Bohm performs well in both high contention and low contention settings, and is able to dramatically outperform state-of-the-art multi-versioned systems despite maintaining the full set of serializability guarantees.
Membrane Interactions of a Constitutively Active GFP-Ki-Ras 4B and Their Role in Signaling (1999)

Membrane anchorage of Ras proteins in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane is an important factor in their signaling and oncogenic potential. Despite these important roles, the precise mode of Ras-membrane interactions is not yet understood. It is especially important to characterize these interactions at the surface of intact cells. To investigate Ras-membrane interactions in live cells, we employed studies on the lateral mobility of a constitutively active Ras isoform to characterize its membrane dynamics, and examined the effects of the Ras-displacing antagonist S-trans, trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS) (Haklai, R., Gana-Weisz, M., Elad, G., Paz, A., Marciano, D., Egozi, Y., Ben-Baruch, G., and Kloog, Y. (1998) Biochemistry 37, 1306-1314) on these parameters. A green fluorescent protein (GFP) was fused to the N terminus of constitutively active Ki-Ras 4B(12V) to generate GFP-Ki-Ras(12V). When stably expressed in Rat-1 cells, this protein was preferentially localized to the plasma membrane and displayed transforming activity. The lateral mobility studies demonstrated that GFP-Ki-Ras(12V) undergoes fast lateral diffusion at the plasma membrane, rather than exchange between membrane-bound and unbound states. Treatment of the cells with FTS had a biphasic effect on GFP-Ki-Ras(12V) lateral mobility. At the initial phase, the lateral diffusion rate of GFP-Ki-Ras(12V) was elevated, suggesting that it is released from some constraints on its lateral mobility. This was followed by dislodgment of the protein into the cytoplasm, and a reduction in the diffusion rate of the fraction of GFP-Ki-Ras(12V) that remained associated with the plasma membrane. Control experiments with other S-prenyl analogs showed that these effects are specific for FTS. These results have implications for the interactions of Ki-Ras with specific membrane anchorage domains or sites.
Computer extension and analytic continuation of Stokes’ expansion for gravity waves (1974)

Stokes’ infinitesimal-wave expansion for steady progressive free-surface waves has been extended to high order using a computer to perform the coefficient arithmetic. Stokes’ expansion has been found to be incapable of yielding the highest wave for any value of the water depth since convergence is limited by a square-root branch-point some distance short of the maximum. By reformulating the problem using a different independent parameter, the highest waves are obtained correctly. Series summation and analytic continuation are facilitated by the use of Padé approximants. The method is valid in principle for any finite value of the wavelength and solutions of high accuracy can be obtained for most values of the wave height and water depth. An alternative expansion procedure proposed by Havelock for the computation of waves short of the highest has been reconsidered and found to be defective.
Statistical circuit optimization considering device andinterconnect process variations (2007)

Process Variation has become a crucial challenge on both interconnect delay and reliability of nanometer integrated circuit designs. Furthermore, the dramatic increase of power consumption and integration density has led to high operating temperature. Temperature, as well as electromigration (EM) and power, also significantly affects the delay and reliability of interconnects. Considering process variation, we present the first work to use statistical methods to optimize the circuit area under timing, thermal and power constraints by gate and interconnect sizing optimization. We model the problem as a second-order conic program and solve it with the interior-point method. Experimental results show that our statistical algorithm can find desired solutions that satisfy all delay, power, and thermal constraints. Our statistical algorithm on average improves the circuit areas by respective 51.12%, 39.21%, and 25.60% with 70%, 84.1%, and 99.9% yields after wire and gate sizing.
Canagliflozin compared with sitagliptin for patients with type 2 diabetes who do not have adequate glycemic control with metformin plus sulfonylurea: a 52-week randomized trial. Diabetes Care 2013;36:2508–2515 (2013)

Canagliflozin compared with sitagliptin for patients with type 2 diabetes who
Amphiphilic Hydrogel Nanoparticles. Preparation, Characterization, and Preliminary Assessment as New Colloidal Drug Carriers (2005)

Inverse emulsion photopolymerization of acrylated poly(ethylene glycol)-bl-poly(propylene glycol)-bl-poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(ethylene glycol) was successfully employed to prepare stable, cross-linked, amphiphilic nanoparticles. Even at low emulsifier concentrations (2%) and high water-to-hexane weight ratios (35/65), the stability of the inverse emulsion allowed for the formation of well-defined colloidal material. Inverse emulsion characteristics and polymerization conditions could be controlled to vary the size of the nanoparticles between 50 and 500 nm. The presence of hydrophobic nanodomains within these otherwise hydrophilic nanoparticles was verified by using pyrene as a microenvironmentally sensitive probe. The hydrophobic poly(propylene glycol)-rich domains appear to be suitable for incorporation of hydrophobic drugs, encapsulating Doxorubicin up to 9.8% (w/w). We believe that the complex nano-architecture of these materials makes them a potentially interesting colloidal drug delivery carrier system and that the method should be useful for a number of amphiphilic macromolecular precursors.
A hair growth questionnaire for use in the evaluation of therapeutic effects in men (1998)

BACKGROUND: Male-pattern hair loss (androgenetic alopecia) is a common clinical condition in adult men that is often associated with negative self-perception and has been the target of a number of therapeutic interventions. Despite the importance of self-perceptions of hair growth and appearance with such interventions, no standardized validated questionnaire exists for use in clinical trials. OBJECTIVE: Develop and evaluate a questionnaire to measure patient-perceived changes in hair growth and appearance in clinical trials of medical intervention for androgenetic alopecia in men. METHODS: Literature review and focus groups with men having androgenetic alopecia initially identified 28 potential questions. These questions were assessed in an observational study (n = 204) and a placebo-controlled clinical trial (n = 181). RESULTS: The final questionnaire contained seven global questions addressing change since the start of the study in satisfaction with hair appearance (three questions), hair growth and appearance, size of the bald spot, and slowing of hair loss. Significant differences favoring active treatment over placebo were evident for all seven questions by 6 months in a clinical trial. CONCLUSIONS: This standardized questionnaire can be used to assess patient perceptions of hair growth in clinical trials of men with androgenetic alopecia.
CwpFM (EntFM) Is a <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Potential Cell Wall Peptidase Implicated in Adhesion, Biofilm Formation, and Virulence (2010)

Bacillus cereus EntFM displays an NlpC/P60 domain, characteristic of cell wall peptidases. The protein is involved in bacterial shape, motility, adhesion to epithelial cells, biofilm formation, vacuolization of macrophages, and virulence. These data provide new information on this, so far, poorly studied toxin and suggest that this protein is a cell wall peptidase, which we propose to rename CwpFM.
Multimodale Interaktion in Multi-Display-Umgebungen (2011)

Interaktive Umgebungen entwickeln sich mehr und mehr weg von Einzelarbeitsplätzen, hin zu Multi-Display-/Multi-User-Umgebungen. Diese stellen neue Anforderungen an Eingabegeräte und Interaktionstechniken. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden neue Ansätze zur Interaktion auf Basis von Handgesten und Blick als neuartige Eingabemodalitäten entwickelt und untersucht.
Sperm-egg association in animals. (1978)

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the sperm–egg fusion in mammals. Eggs fusing with spermatozoa can be obtained, by flushing the oviducts of mated females shortly after ovulation, but the chance of obtaining eggs in the initial stage of the fusion is very poor because of asynchronous sperm penetration and the rapidity of the fusion process. The fusion of a spermatozoon with an egg seems to be facilitated by the presence of numerous microvilli on the egg surface. The process of sperm–egg fusion in mammals can be readily studied by inseminating zona pellucida, free eggs, with acrosome reacted spermatozoa. The sperm membrane that initially fuses with the egg plasma membrane is the plasma membrane in the posterior region of the sperm head, not the inner acrosomal membrane. The inability of the acrosomal membrane to fuse with the egg membrane could be due to its lack of “fluidity.” The acrosome reaction appears to be essential for successful fusion of the spermatozoon with the egg. In some mammals (e.g., the hamster), the egg plasma membrane remains capable of fusing with the spermatozoa even long after the penetration of the fertilizing spermatozoon into the egg.
Multiple sclerosis in China—history and future (2009)

The clinical and epidemiological aspects of MS in China are, in general, similar to that from other populations in Asia. Epidemiological studies and national surveillance on MS are required in China.
Notes - Certain Thiazolo-Benzimidazoles and Thiazino-Benzimidazoles (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes - Certain Thiazolo-Benzimidazoles and Thiazino-BenzimidazolesAnand MisraCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 6, 897–899Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1958Publication History Published online27 May 2003Published inissue 1 June 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01100a602https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01100a602research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views200Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A pathway of coagulation on endothelial cells (1985)

Although the endothelial cell is considered antithrombogenic, endothelium has recently been shown to participate in procoagulant reactions. Factor IX bound to specific endothelial cell sites can be activated by the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of coagulation. Perturbation of endothelium results in induction of tissue factor which promotes factor VIIa-mediated activation of factors IX and X, thus initiating procoagulant events on the endothelial surface. Cell bound factor IXa, in the presence of factor VIII, promotes activation of factor X. The factor Xa formed can interact with endothelial cell factor V/Va, resulting in prothrombin activation. Thrombin then cleaves fibrinogen and a fibrin clot closely associated with the endothelial cell forms. The perturbed endothelial cell thus provides a focus of localized procoagulant events. This model suggests a simple endothelial-cell-dependent mechanism for initiation of coagulation at the site of an injured or pathological vessel.
The Future of Big-Time Football (1952)

(1952). The Future of Big-Time Football. Journal of the American Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation: Vol. 23, No. 10, pp. 12-13.
Design and application of an optimizing XROM silicon compiler (1989)

It is demonstrated that optimization techniques incorporated within a silicon compiler for read-only memories (ROMs) can achieve significant yield, power, and speed improvements by minimizing the number of transistors, drains, and metal interconnections in the ROM. Transistor minimization adopts a heuristic solution to the NP-complete graph partitioning problem with a powerful technique applicable to various ROM design styles and technologies. If diffusion mask personalization is permitted, the design can be further improved by solving the traveling salesman problem to minimize transistor source/drain regions. In table look-up ROMs compiled for 3- and 1.2- mu m CMOS with diffusion mask programming, the compiler eliminated over 45% of the transistors and drains. Test results show that 3- mu m CMOS ROMs have access times between 50 and 70 ns. ROMs with 1.2- mu m features achieve simulated access times below 20 ns. A simple interface allows the optimizing compiler to work easily with other CAD tools such as microcode assemblers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Current Sensing Techniques: A Review (2009)

This paper provides a thorough review of state-of-the-art current sensing techniques. It catalogues the current sensors according to the underlying physical principle in order to point out their strengths and weaknesses.
Influence of Helical CT Parameters on Spatial Resolution in CT Angiography Performed with a Subsecond Scanner (1999)

Collimation had the most influence on image quality in CT angiography, followed by LIA, pitch, and contrast density. Decreasing the reconstruction increment to less than one third of the TF or increasing the voltage or current beyond standard values did not improve the delineation of the stenoses. For screening examinations, the authors recommend the use of 3 mm collimation, 180 degrees LIA, and a pitch of 2.
Adaptive beamsteering for search-and-track application with Cognitive Radar Network (2011)

In this paper, we introduce the concept of a Cognitive Radar Network (CRN). The goal of the radar platforms in a CRN is to cooperate in illuminating the radar channel in an efficient manner in an effort to search for moving targets. Moreover, when a detection is declared, the CRN should incorporate the tracking requirement into the illumination strategy. That is, the beamsteering strategy must exploit the radar channel uncertainty, which is a function of probabilistic representation of the channel. The radar channel uncertainty is dynamic and as such the CRN's beamsteering strategy should be dynamic. Here, we demonstrate a CRN by utilizing two static radar platforms that form a dynamic integrated search-and-track beamsteering strategy matched to the radar channel uncertainty.
Numerical Simulation of Reactive Rectification (2008)

In this study,a reactive rectification column was simulated Inlet liquid phase flow rate was optimized to get the best operating parameters.The VOF multiphase flow model and the κ-e turbulence model were extended to the numerical simulation.A design of 45° bellows was supposed to form the reactive district of the rectification column,and the porosity was set at the rectification region and stripping region the UDF programming was proposed to indicate the reaction rate with the consideration of the impact of mass transfer to finish the second development of Fluent.The numerical simulations on cold and thermal state of reaction rectification column was done respectively, the study suggested that the best inlet liquid flow rate should be 0.1 m·s-1 by comparison of three groups of the simulation under different flow rate.
A Chemical Inhibitor of the Skp2/p300 Interaction that Promotes p53‐Mediated Apoptosis (2015)

Skp2 is thought to have two critical roles in tumorigenesis. As part of the SCF(Skp2) ubiquitin ligase, Skp2 drives the cell cycle by mediating the degradation of cell cycle proteins. Besides the proteolytic activity, Skp2 also blocks p53-mediated apoptosis by outcompeting p53 for binding p300. Herein, we exploit the Skp2/p300 interaction as a new target for Skp2 inhibition. An affinity-based high-throughput screen of a combinatorial cyclic peptoid library identified an inhibitor that binds to Skp2 and interferes with the Skp2/p300 interaction. We show that antagonism of the Skp2/p300 interaction by the inhibitor leads to p300-mediated p53 acetylation, resulting in p53-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells, without affecting Skp2 proteolytic activity. Our results suggest that inhibition of the Skp2/p300 interaction has a great potential as a new anticancer strategy, and our Skp2 inhibitor can be developed as a chemical probe to delineate Skp2 non-proteolytic function in tumorigenesis.
On the fixed-point-error analysis of several fast DCT algorithms (1993)

A fixed-point-error analysis for several 1D fast DCT algorithms is presented. For comparison, a direct-form approach is also included in the investigation. A statistical model is used as the basis for predicting the fixed-point error in implementing the algorithms, and a suitable scaling scheme is selected to avoid overflow. Closed-form expressions for both the mean and variance for fixed-point error are derived and compared with experimental results. Simulation results show close agreement between theory and experiment, validating the analysis. The results show that one of the algorithms is better than others in terms of average SNR performance. Based on the 1D analysis, attempts are made to investigate the fixed-point-error analysis of the two-column approach for 2D DCT. It is found that the fixed-point-error characteristics of the row-column approach for 2D DCTs is very similar to that of their 1D counterparts.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Automated Analysis and Prediction of Job Interview Performance (2015)

We present a computational framework for automatically quantifying verbal and nonverbal behaviors in the context of job interviews. The proposed framework is trained by analyzing the videos of 138 interview sessions with 69 internship-seeking undergraduates at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Our automated analysis includes facial expressions (e.g., smiles, head gestures, facial tracking points), language (e.g., word counts, topic modeling), and prosodic information (e.g., pitch, intonation, and pauses) of the interviewees. The ground truth labels are derived by taking a weighted average over the ratings of 9 independent judges. Our framework can automatically predict the ratings for interview traits such as excitement, friendliness, and engagement with correlation coefficients of 0.75 or higher, and can quantify the relative importance of prosody, language, and facial expressions. By analyzing the relative feature weights learned by the regression models, our framework recommends to speak more fluently, use less filler words, speak as "we" (vs. "I"), use more unique words, and smile more. We also find that the students who were rated highly while answering the first interview question were also rated highly overall (i.e., first impression matters). Finally, our MIT Interview dataset will be made available to other researchers to further validate and expand our findings.
Towards Scaling Fully Personalized PageRank: Algorithms, Lower Bounds, and Experiments (2005)

Personalized PageRank expresses link-based page quality around userselected pages in a similar way as PageRank expresses quality over the entire web. Existing personalized PageRank algorithms can, however, serve online queries only for a restricted choice of pages. In this paper we achieve full personalization by a novel algorithm that precomputes a compact database; using this database, it can serve online responses to arbitrary user-selected personalization. The algorithm uses simulated random walks; we prove that for a fixed error probability the size of our database is linear in the number of web pages. We justify our estimation approach by asymptotic worst-case lower bounds: we show that on some sets of graphs, exact personalized PageRank values can only be obtained from a database of size quadratic in the number of vertices. Furthermore, we evaluate the precision of approximation experimentally on the Stanford WebBase graph.
Contrasting the roles of the supplementary and frontal eye fields in ocular decision making (2014)

Single-unit recording in monkeys and functional imaging of the human frontal lobe indicate that the supplementary eye field (SEF) and the frontal eye field (FEF) are involved in ocular decision making. To test whether these structures have distinct roles in decision making, single-neuron activity was recorded from each structure while monkeys executed an ocular go/nogo task. The task rule is to pursue a moving target if it intersects a visible square or "go zone." We found that most SEF neurons showed differential go/nogo activity during the delay period, before the target intersected the go zone (delay period), whereas most FEF neurons did so after target intersection, during the period in which the movement was executed (movement period). Choice probability (CP) for SEF neurons was high in the delay period but decreased in the movement period, whereas for FEF neurons it was low in the delay period and increased in the movement period. Directional selectivity of SEF neurons was low throughout the trial, whereas that of FEF neurons was highest in the delay period, decreasing later in the trial. Increasing task difficulty led to later discrimination between go and nogo in both structures and lower CP in the SEF, but it did not affect CP in the FEF. The results suggest that the SEF interprets the task rule early but is less involved in executing the motor decision than is the FEF and that these two areas collaborate dynamically to execute ocular decisions.