gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Representations of Work: Bringing Designers and Users Together (1994)

Over the past several years, we have been engaged in work practice and codesign projects with users of office systems products. In order to share and make explicit our understanding of user work practices with a wide base of technology developers, much of our emphasis has been on developing ways to describe the rich and complex world of user work practices. This paper describes a variety of approaches that we are using to represent user work practices in order to inform the development of emerging technologies so that they more closely align with the needs and work practices of users of the technologies.
Design and Implementation of a Practical Quantum Secure Direct Communication System (2018)

The extensive studies on the quantum communication, which provides a novel means of secure communication, have been carried out in last decades. Among the various types of quantum communication, quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) can securely transmit message directly through a quantum channel. This paper reports a practical scheme of QSDC without quantum memory, taking advantage of the wiretap channel theory and classical coding theory. The proposed approach solves one of the biggest obstacle of practical applications of QSDC, the quantum memory, which is indispensable in original QSDC protocols. The design and detailed scheme for implementation of the proposed protocol are given.
A Methodology for Maintenance-Interval Scheduling of Equipment Considering Maintenance Effect (2007)

This paper presents a methodology for maintenance-interval scheduling of equipment considering maintenance effect. By means of an operable ordering list of maintenance effects, all elements in a system can be ranked. For different purpose, maintenance intervals of elements can be scheduled as below. In order to reduce maintenance cost remarkably within a scale of system availability decrease, maintenance intervals of some elements with smaller maintenance effects are lengthened to decrease the number of system maintenance; In order to keep original system availability while reducing maintenance cost, maintenance intervals of some elements with larger maintenance effects are shortened to increase system availability, and at the same time maintenance intervals of some elements with smaller maintenance effects are lengthened to decrease the number of system maintenance. Based on this method, the maintenance intervals of equipments in thermal power stations are scheduled by use of the actual data from Kyushu Electric Power Co. of Japan, and thereby the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. The proposed method can be adopted for many kinds of equipments or systems.
INHIBITION OF SPERM-ZONA PELLUCIDA BINDING BY A 55 kDa PIG SPERM PROTEIN<i>IN VITRO</i> (2005)

This study was conducted to evaluate the role of a 55 kDa pig sperm protein on the oocytesperm binding process, and its location in situ. For this purpose, in vitro matured oocytes were incubated with isolated and purified protein, and incubated with capacitated spermatozoa. In addition, capacitated sperm were incubated with anti-55 kDa antiserum and later with mature oocytes. Immunolocalization assays were performed using non-capacitated, capacitated and acrosome reacted sperm, which were incubated independently with anti-55 kDa protein antibodies and analyzed under fluorescence light microscopy. The 55 kDa protein concentrations correlated negatively with the amounts of sperm bound to the zona pellucida (ZP); the presence of the anti-55 kDa protein totally inhibited this binding. The immunolocalization assays revealed that fluorescence was located preferentially at the apical edge of the head in capacitated sperm, but not in acrosome reacted sperm. It would appear that the 55 kDa protein binds specifically to the oocyte ZP, and that it may be responsible for primary gamete binding during fertilization.
Vasodilator effects of sodium nitroprusside, levcromakalim and their combination in isolated rat aorta (1999)

1. The endothelial modulation of the relaxant responses to the nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and the KATP channel opener levcromakalim (LEM) and the interactions between these agents were analysed in isolated rat aorta. 2. LEM-induced relaxation was unchanged by endothelium removal or by the presence of L-NAME (10-4 M) or ODQ (10-6 M). In contrast, in KCl- (25 mM), but not in noradrenaline- (NA, 10-6 M) contracted arteries, SNP-induced relaxation was augmented by endothelium removal but not by L-NAME, indomethacin, glibenclamide nor charybdotoxin plus apamin. 3. The isobolographic analysis of the interactions between exogenously activated KATP channels and cyclic GMP using mixtures of SNP and LEM revealed that there were no interactions between both drugs at the proportions at which both drugs were active. However, the points for the SNP : LEM mixtures in proportions 10:1 and 1:10,000 (i.e. at concentrations at which LEM and SNP were inactive, respectively) fell significantly above the line of additivity indicating that there were negative interactions between both drugs at these selected proportions (about 5- and 2 fold inhibition, respectively). The former interaction was sensitive to glibenclamide, whereas the latter was insensitive ODQ. The magnitude of the 10:1 SNP:LEM interaction was smaller in endothelium-intact arteries and was absent in arteries stimulated by NA. 4. In conclusion, the relaxations induced by LEM and SNP were additive. However, the presence of endothelium and low concentrations of LEM inhibited SNP-induced relaxation. Both inhibitory effects were not additive and were only observed in KCl- and not in NA-contracted aortae.
Two-dimensional grating coupler on silicon with a high coupling efficiency and a low polarization-dependent loss (2020)

Two-dimensional grating couplers are important components for silicon photonic circuits to achieve light coupling from/to a fiber for both polarizations. A two-dimensional grating coupler structure with a high coupling efficiency and a low polarization dependent loss is demonstrated. Using two crossing ellipses as the grating scatter and a diamond-like grating lattice, the polarization dependent loss of the grating coupler can be reduced. The coupling loss is further decreased with a metal mirror, which reaches -1.73 dB theoretically at 1310 nm wavelength. Experimentally, -2.37 dB coupling loss is achieved with an 1 dB coupling bandwidth of 29 nm. The corresponding PDL was measured lower than 0.2 dB in a wavelength range of 78 nm. The proposed configuration for the metal mirror also facilitates a robust wafer-scale post-processing as well as an easy fiber alignment.
Usage Data Analytics for Human-Machine Interactions with Flexible Manufacturing Systems: Opportunities and Challenges (2017)

Analyzing data from complex production systems and processes can be used in improving existing products, processes, and services, and innovating novel offerings. We report the findings from a six-month case study with a company developing flexible manufacturing systems. During a collaborative development process of a data analytics and visualization tool, our goal was to identify potential metrics, business opportunities, and challenges when utilizing logged data of end-users' human-machine interactions in development activities. Our key contributions include a characterization of the potential usage data metrics to be logged and visualized, identification of opportunities this data entails for business, and discussion about the challenges related to usage data logging in the studied context. Finally, we propose topics that should be considered in the organization before investing in usage data logging in the context of flexible manufacturing systems.
Internal fixation of volar-displaced distal radial fractures (1994)

We reviewed a series of 79 distal radial fractures with volar displacement which had been fixed internally using a buttress plate. The fractures were classified using the Frykman and AO systems; 59% were intraarticular. Complications occurred in 40.5% of cases; malunion was most frequent (28%). Functional recovery in patients with malunion was significantly worse than in those with good anatomical restoration (p < 0.001). The AO and Frykman classifications and the degree of restoration of volar tilt were predictive of outcome.
Iterative design of moth‐eye antireflective surfaces at millimeter wave frequencies (2010)

Abstract A method for synthesizing broadband antireflective (AR) surfaces at millimeter wave frequencies is demonstrated. AR surfaces were formed by machining a multilayer subwavelength structures into nonabsorptive dielectrics. This created low‐reflected energies (<−25 dB) over large bandwidths and incidence angles. Experimental results are provided demonstrating the validity of the method. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 561–568, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24973
Wearable microfluidics: fabric-based digital droplet flowmetry for perspiration analysis (2017)

The latest development in wearable technologies has attracted much attention. In particular, collection and analysis of body fluids has been a focus. In this paper, we have reported a wearable microfluidic platform made using conventional fabric materials and laser micromachining to measure the flow rate on a patterned fabric surface, referred to as digital droplet flowmetry (DDF). The proposed wearable DDF is capable of collecting and measuring continuous perspiration with high precision (96% on average) in a real-time fashion over a defined area of skin. We have introduced a theoretical model for the proposed wearable interfacial microfluidic platform, under which various design parameters have been investigated and optimized for various conditions. The novel digitalized measurement principle of DDF provides fast responses, digital readouts, system flexibility, and continuous performance of the flow measurement. Moreover, the proposed DDF platform can be conveniently implemented on regular apparel or a wearable device, and has potential to be applied to dynamic removal, collection and monitoring of biofluids for various physiological and clinical processes.
A MULTI-CHARACTER TRANSITION STRING MATCHING ARCHITECTURE BASED ON AHO-CORASICK ALGORITHM (2012)

A hardware string matching architecture is usually used to accelerate string matching in various applications that need to lter content in high speed such as intrusion detection systems. However, the throughput of the hardware string matching architecture inspecting data character by character is limited by the achievable highest clock rate. In this paper, we present a string matching architecture based on the Aho-Corasick algo- rithm. The proposed architecture is able to inspect multiple characters simultaneously and the throughput of string matching can be multiplied. We rst describe an intuitive algorithm to construct a multi-character nite state machine (FSM) that accepts mul- tiple characters per transition based on an Aho-Corasick prex tree (AC-trie). Then we propose an architecture for multi-character transition string matching consisting of multiple matching units for processing the transition rules that are generated from the derived multi-character FSM. The design of proposed architecture utilizes the properties of the failure links of an AC-trie to reduce the transition rules derived from the failure functions linked to the initial state. As a result, the state growth rate is moderate in the number of the derived multi-character transition rules as the number of the characters inspected at a time increases. The proposed architecture was implemented on an ASIC device for evaluation and the resulting throughput can achieve 4.5 Gbps for a 4-character string matching implementation operated at 142 MHz clock.
SOILS OF SOUTHLAND COUNTY (1950)

Soil is the product of five soil-forming factors: rock, climate, vegetation, topography, and time. When one considers the wide range of each of these five factors, it is easy to visualise the large number of possible combinations. This is particularly true of New Zealand, where there are wide ranges in climate, vegetation, and, in some areas, parent material.
Theory of quantitative phase-contrast computed tomography (2002)

Phase-contrast x-ray computed tomography (CT) is an emerging imaging technique that can be implemented at third-generation synchrotron radiation sources or by using a microfocus x-ray source. Promising results have recently been obtained in materials science and medicine. At the same time, the lack of a mathematical theory comparable with that of conventional CT limits the progress in this field. Such a theory is now suggested, establishing a fundamental relation between the three-dimensional Radon transform of the object function and the two-dimensional Radon transform of the phase-contrast projection. A reconstruction algorithm is derived in the form of a filtered backprojection. The filter function is given in the space and spatial-frequency domains. The theory suggested enables one to quantitatively determine the refractive index of a weakly absorbing medium from x-ray intensity data measured in the near-field region. The results of computer simulations are discussed.
<i>Escherichia coli</i>/ADH‐A: An All‐Inclusive Catalyst for the Selective Biooxidation and Deracemisation of Secondary Alcohols (2013)

Abstract The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide regeneration system present in Escherichia coli cells was exploited for the oxidation and deracemisation of secondary alcohols with the overexpressed alcohol dehydrogenase from Rhodococcus ruber DSM 44541 ( E. coli /ADH‐A). Thus, various racemic alcohols were selectively oxidised with lyophilised or resting E. coli /ADH‐A cells without need for an external cofactor or co‐substrate. The addition of these substrates to the E. coli /ADH‐A cells in buffer afforded the corresponding ketones and the remaining enantioenriched ( R )‐alcohols. This methodology was used for the desymmetrisation of a meso ‐diol and for the synthesis of the highly valuable raspberry ketone. Moreover, a biocatalytic concurrent process was developed with the resting cells of E. coli /ADH‐A, ADH from Lactobacillus brevis , and glucose dehydrogenase for the deracemisation of various secondary alcohols, which afforded the desired enantiopure alcohols in more than 99 % ee starting from the racemic mixture. The reaction time of deracemisation of 1‐phenylethanol was estimated to be less than 30 min. The stereoinversion of ( S )‐1‐phenylethanol to its pure ( R )‐enantiomer was also achieved, which provided a biocatalytic alternative to the chemical Mitsunobu inversion reaction.
Serial propagation of Ehrlichia canis in primary canine peripheral blood monocyte cultures. (1980)

Cultures of primary canine monocytes were prepared from blood to which dextran (3%) had been added to enhance sedimentation of the erythrocytes. Homogeneous populations of monocytes were observed by 5 days after seeding, and some cultures were maintained as long as 30 days. The monocyte cultures were used successfully for the serial passage of Ehrlichia canis. After the 3rd passage, small intracytoplasmic inclusions of E canis were detected by 60 hrs after inoculation and greater than 90% of the monocytes were infected by 7 days. In vitro propagated ehrlichiae were preserved at -80 C for at least 31 months with minimal loss of infectivity. Following 125 in vitro passages E canis induced signs of ehrlichiosis in experimentally infected dogs.
Overview of photothermal characterization of optical thin film coatings (1996)

Photothermal techniques are widely used in thin film characterizations and are particularly useful in studying laser-induced damage in optical coatings. The specific applications include measuring weak absorption, characterizing thermal conductivity, detecting local defects, as well as monitoring laser-interaction dynamics and determining laser damage thresholds. In this paper we take an overview of the principle of photothermal techniques, the various detection methods, and the progress made during laser decade in applying these techniques to optical thin films. Further potential and limitations of the techniques will also be discussed, with emphasis on in-situ studies of laser-interaction with thin films and local defects.
논문 ; 영양 사료 : 목재의 사료화에 관한 연구 I. 암모니아 처리 나무 사일리지의 화학적 조성 및 발효특성 (1989)

Pseudo acacia, lespedeza spp., quercus spp. and pueraria tunbergiana of wild shrub in the mountainous area added with concentrate(50:50,W/W), and treated with 6% ammonia water. 1. Crude protein content of ammoniated wood silage, pseudo acacia, lespedeza spp., quercus spp. and pueraria tunbergina were 18.08,15.28,15.06 and 18.24% respectively, and ammoniated pueraria tunbergiana significantly increased(p $lt;.05). 2. ADF and NDF of ammoniated wood silage was significantly decreased because of ammonia treatment and concentrate. 3. PH of ammoniated wood silage was very good fermentation characteristics (pH 3.99∼4.23). Lactic acid of pueraria tunbergiana was significantly increased (1.95%, P $lt;.05), quercus spp. significantly decreased(1.11%, p $lt;.05). 4. IVDMD of ammoniated woods silage, pseudo acacia, lespedeza spp., puercus spp. and pueraria tunbergiana was 59.18, 61.11, 57.40 and 61.35% respectively pueraria tunbergiana significantly increased and quercus spp. decreased(p $lt;.05).
Index Volume 5 (2016)

Vol 5, No 1 April (2015) Message from guest editorAssist. Prof. Dr. Seyda Eraslan Taspinar New approaches in art education and the use of technologyAydın Zor, Adnan Tepecik1-09 On three dimensional perceptions in the visual ageMelek Sahan10-15 The situation of art education for disabled people in a new visual ageBülent Salderay16-24 Culture transferring by plastic arts educationNalan Okan Akın25-30 Views of students in sculpture workshop lessons regarding waste material use and recycle products Canan Demir 31-38 Vol 5, No 2 November (2015) Message from the editorProf. Dr. Ayse Cakir Ilhan A study for the impact of impressionism period’s coloring, style and mode on fashion designersFatma Ozturk, Ozlem Berksan40-45 “Beauty” and “Art” Concepts in the Books on Philosophy for ChildrenNihan Akkocaoğlu Cayır46-53 Intersection of design and art in the eyes of interior architecture studentsFunda Kurak Açici, Firdevs Kulak54-60 Tactile communication design for visually impaired people: Tactile magazine pageArzu Gurdal Dursin, Aysegul Gurdal Pamuklu61-66 New approaches in art education:Moodle learning and content management system based art educationCansu Çelebi Erol67-71
Evaluation of Non Functional Requirements in a Request for Proposal (RFP) (2012)

In the beginning of a contracted based software development project, the RFP is provided by a software user company and used as an initial system requirements specification to ask software developer companies to propose their technical plans to fulfill the requirements. In this process, it is very important to evaluate the quality of the RFP to make sure that basic user requirements are written enough. Especially, non-functional requirements (NFRs) are important since the system architecture greatly depends on the NFRs such as response time and security issues. This paper proposes a simple evaluation model of NFRs included in the RFP, mainly focusing on the user maintenance and operation issues. This model consists of NFR categories, NFR metrics, description level grading and weight to each NFR. As a case study, RFPs of 29 projects were evaluated by the proposed model. As a result, we confirmed that the model could identify poorly-written NFR aspects in the RFP, which need refinement before asking the developer company for a proposal.
The Physics of Inertial Fusion: Beam Plasma Interaction, Hydrodynamics, Hot Dense Matter (2004)

Fusion energy is produced by burning hydrogen which is available from water. It is the energy source of the sun. It produces neither greenhouses gases nor long-lived nuclear waste. Here the authors describe how to use powerful lasers to ignite the hydrogen fuel and the physics of this future energy source
Planning under uncertainty: structural assumptions and computational leverage (1996)

The problem of planning under uncertainty has been addressed by researchers in many different fields, adopting rather different perspectives on the problem. Unfortunately, these researchers are not always aware of the relationships among these different problem formulations, often resulting in confusion and duplicated effort. Many probabilistic planning or decision making problems can be characterized as a class of Markov decision processes that allow for significant compression in representing the underlying system dynamics. It is for this class of problems that we as experts in intensional representations are advantageously positioned to contribute efficient solution methods. This paper provides a general characterization of the representational requirements for this class of problems, and we describe how to achieve computational leverage using representations that make different types of dependency information explicit. Keywords: decision-theoretic planning, action repr...
Selective Inhibition of Mammalian Lanosterol 14.alpha.-Demethylase by RS-21607 in vitro and in vivo (1994)

The discovery of selective lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase inhibitors may lead to novel hypolipidemic drugs. RS-21607, (2S,4S)-cis-2[1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]-2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-4- [[(4-aminophenyl)thio]methyl]-1,3-dioxolane, was characterized as a tight-binding, competitive inhibitor of lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase purified from rat liver. The apparent Ki was determined to be 840 pM and found to be similar in hepatic microsomes from human, rat, and hamster. RS-21607, which contains two chiral centers, was a more effective lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase inhibitor than its three stereoisomers. In vitro, RS-21607 had a greater affinity for lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase than the other cytochromes P450 evaluated: CYP7, CYP27, CYP11A1, CYP19, CYP17, CYP11B1, CYP21, CYP3A4, CYP4A, CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, and 27-hydroxycholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase. The other stereoisomers were not as selective as RS-21607. Doses of 3-30 mg/kg RS-21607 given orally to hamsters caused a dose-dependent decrease in cholesterol biosynthesis with a corresponding accumulation of 24,25-dihydrolanosterol. RS-21607 inhibited the enzyme and cholesterol biosynthesis in hamster liver by 50% at 18 h following a 30 mg/kg oral dose. This was interpreted to indicate that RS-21607 is able to distribute to the site of action in hamsters and inhibit the target enzyme. In the same dose range, the plasma concentrations of testosterone, corticosterone, and progesterone, the endpoints for the cytochromes P450 involved in steroid biosynthesis, were relatively unaffected. These data show RS-21607 to be an effective and selective inhibitor of lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase, both in vivo and in vitro. RS-21607 interacted with the purified enzyme to produce a type II binding spectrum, consistent with an interaction between the imidazole moiety and the heme. The electrostatic contribution of the imidazole binding was investigated using the desimidazole analog of RS-21607. The apparent Ki for the desimidazole compound (65 microM) was similar to the apparent Km for the substrate DHL (79 microM). Together, these data confirm that the ligand attached to the imidazole in RS-21607 is a good non-sterol substitute for DHL, i.e., binding to the enzyme with similar affinity, and that the coordination of the imidazole to the heme provides a major electrostatic contribution for the inhibition of lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase by RS-21607. RS-21607 was also observed to increase the accumulation of 3 beta-hydroxy-24,25-dihydrolanost-8-en-32-al, the second intermediate in the multistep oxidation, but not the first intermediate. 24,25-dihydrolanost-8-ene-3 beta,32-diol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)