gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of patients with first‐episode schizophrenia at one‐year follow‐up: Findings from the<scp>N</scp>ational<scp>M</scp>ental<scp>H</scp>ealth<scp>R</scp>egistry in<scp>M</scp>alaysia (2012)

Abstract Introduction This first outcome study for people with first‐episode schizophrenia ( FES ) in M alaysia was based on data collected from the N ational M ental H ealth R egistry ( NMHR ). The aim of the study was to assess the outcome of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, one year after contact with mental health services; and to evaluate treatments as well as the utilization of medical and other services in the country. Methods All patients with FES registered in NMHR between 1 M arch 2004 and 28 F ebruary 2005 were included and 79 centers carried out outcome assessments. Socio‐demographic and clinical data were collected and compared with the data in NMHR that was gathered one year ago. Descriptive statistic was used to analyze the data. Results Of 2604 registered patients with FES , only 37.7% had their outcomes successfully assessed. Among those assessed, 25.5% were lost to follow‐up and 45.8% were followed‐up in different centers. Only two patients committed suicide. Increases in weight gain and body mass index were major concerns. On a positive note, employability improved. Forty percent of the patients had their antipsychotics changed over the one‐year period but about 20% of patients were on polytherapy at baseline and after one year. The use of anticholinergic medication dropped remarkably after the one‐year treatment period. Discussion This study has shown that one of the great barriers in conducting a nationwide outcome assessment of FES patients was the high attrition rate. Nevertheless, these findings provided an important glimpse into the socio‐demographic and clinical outcomes of the patients.
Micro laser plasma thrusters for small satellites (2000)

The micro laser plasma thruster ((mu) LPT) is an efficient, long- life, low-thrust pulsed rocket engine which uses a high-brightness semiconductor or glass fiber laser as a source of energy. It uses a simple, low-voltage semiconductor switch to drive the laser, resulting in zero off-state electrical power. Results are presented of the first experimental demonstration of uLPT's. We measured single impulses covering 5 orders of magnitude from 40 micro dyn-s [< 1 nano newton-s] to 2 dyn-s, specific impulse up to 1,800 seconds and coupling coefficients up to 25 dyne-s/J. Several target materials were studied. Initial applications are orientation and re-entry at end of life for micro- and nanosatellites. Anticipated lifetime output of the prototype engine now under development is about 5E7 dyn-s [500 newton-s], sufficient to re-enter a 5 kg LEO satellite.
NO<sub>x</sub> Removal with Combined Selective Catalytic Reduction and Selective Noncatalytic Reduction: Pilot-Scale Test Results (1994)

Pilot-scale tests were conducted to develop a combined nitrogen oxide (NOx) reduction technology using both selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR). A commercially available vanadium- and titanium-based composite honeycomb catalyst and enhanced urea (NH2CONH2) were used with a natural-gas-fired furnace at a NOx concentration of 110 ppm. Changes in SNCR chemical injection temperature and stoichiometry led to varying levels of post-furnace ammonia (NH3), which acts as the reductant feed to the downstream SCR catalyst. The urea-based chemical could routinely achieve SNCR plus SCR total NOx reductions of 85 percent with less than 3 ppm NH3 slip at reductant/NOx stoichiometries ranging from about 1.5 to 2.5 and SCR space velocities of 18,000 to 32,000 h−1. This pilot-scale research has shown that SNCR and SCR can be integrated to achieve high NOx removal. SNCR provides high temperature reduction of NOx followed by further removal of NOx and minimization of NH3 slip by a significantly downsized (high-space velocity) SCR.
Hydrogen sulfide and the vasculature: a novel vasculoprotective entity and regulator of nitric oxide bioavailability? (2009)

Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is a well known and pungent toxic gas that has recently been shown to be synthesised in man from the amino acids cystathionine, homocysteine and cysteine by at least two distinct enzymes; cystathionine-gamma-lyase and cystathionine-beta-synthase. In the past few years, H(2)S has emerged as a novel and increasingly important mediator in the cardiovascular system but delineating the precise physiology and pathophysiology of H(2)S is proving to be complex and difficult to unravel with disparate findings reported with cell types, tissue types and animal species reported. Therefore, in this review we summarize the mechanisms by which H(2)S has been proposed to regulate blood pressure and cardiac function, discuss the mechanistic discrepancies reported in the literature as well as the therapeutic potential of H(2)S. We also examine the methods of H2S detection in biological fluids, processes for H(2)S removal and discuss the reported blood levels of H(2)S in man and animal models of cardiovascular pathology. We also highlight the complex interaction of H(2)S with nitric oxide in regulating cardiovascular function in health and disease.
Aggregation-induced phosphorescent emission (AIPE) of iridium(<scp>iii</scp>) complexes (2007)

A novel aggregation-induced phosphorescent emission (AIPE) was observed for iridium(III) complexes. This interesting phenomenon was attributed to the intermolecular packing, resulting in a switch from the non-emissive 3LX excited state to the emissive 3MLLCT transition, which is confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies as well as theoretical calculations.
Mechanisms of long and short term immunity to plague. (1978)

Long and short term immunity to plague was produced in normal mice by using, respectively, an antibiotic resistant Yersinia pestis and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Both immunogens were used live. Passive serum transfer experiments, together with assays for the bactericidal activity of macrophages and delayed hypersensitivity tests, showed that the short term immunity was of a humoral nature and the long term immunity was cell mediated. The plague virulence markers of the two immunogens were: Y. pestis VW- F1+ P1+ P+; Y. pseudotuberculosis VW+ F1- P1- P-. The challenge organism was Y. pestis VW+ F1+ P1+ P+.
Classification of underground pipe scanned images using feature extraction and neuro-fuzzy algorithm (2002)

Pipeline surface defects such as holes and cracks cause major problems for utility managers, particularly when the pipeline is buried under the ground. Manual inspection for surface defects in the pipeline has a number of drawbacks, including subjectivity, varying standards, and high costs. Automatic inspection system using image processing and artificial intelligence techniques can overcome many of these disadvantages and offer utility managers an opportunity to significantly improve quality and reduce costs. A recognition and classification of pipe cracks using images analysis and neuro-fuzzy algorithm is proposed. In the preprocessing step the scanned images of pipe are analyzed and crack features are extracted. In the classification step the neuro-fuzzy algorithm is developed that employs a fuzzy membership function and error backpropagation algorithm. The idea behind the proposed approach is that the fuzzy membership function will absorb variation of feature values and the backpropagation network, with its learning ability, will show good classification efficiency.
The Individualized Prescriptive Foods Era Has Dawned (1993)

History will write that, approximately now, nutrition moved into a multi-decade era during which scientists eventually learned new ways of extending the quantity and enhancing the quality of life with food.
Optical Measurement of Thermal Contact Conductance Between Wafer-Like Thin Solid Samples (1999)

This paper presents a noncontact optical technique for measuring the thermal contact conductance between wafer-like thin solid samples. The technique is based on heating one solid surface by a modulated laser beam and monitoring the corresponding temperature modulation of the other solid surface across the interface using the reflectance of a probe laser beam. The phase lag between the two laser signals is independent of the optical properties of the samples as well as the laser intensities, and can be related to the thermal contact conductance. A detailed theoretical analysis is presented to estimate the thermal contact conductance as well as the thermophysical properties of the solids from the phase lag measured as a function of the modulation frequency. Closed-form solutions in the high-frequency limit are derived in order to provide a simple estimation procedure. The effect of misalignment of the two lasers is studied and the conditions for robust measurements are suggested. As a benchmark for this technique, the thermal conductivity of a single crystal silicon sample was measured to within two percent of reported values. The thermal contact conductance was measured for Al-Si samples, each about 0.22 mm thick, in the pressure range of 0.8–10 MPa. In contrast to traditional contact conductance measurement techniques that require steady-state operation and insertion of thermocouples in thick solid samples, the noncontact dynamic optical technique requires much less time and is particularly well suited for electronic packaging materials that are typically in the thickness range of 0.1–5 mm. In addition, localized conductance measurements are now possible with a spatial resolution of about four times the thickness of the solid and can be used to detect interfacial voids and defects.
Benefits of source signature measurements for multiple removal in streamer and OBC data (1999)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999Benefits of source signature measurements for multiple removal in streamer and OBC dataAuthors: Rodney JohnstonAnton ZiolkowskiRodney JohnstonThe University of Edinburgh and Anton ZiolkowskiThe University of Edinburghhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820761 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820761FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByAttenuation of free-surface multiples by up/down deconvolution for marine towed-streamer dataMariusz Majdański, Clément Kostov, Ed Kragh, Ian Moore, Mark Thompson, and Joachim Mispel10 January 2012 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 76, No. 6Green's theorem as a comprehensive framework for data reconstruction, regularization, wavefield separation, seismic interferometry, and wavelet estimation: A tutorialAdriana Citlali Ramírez and Arthur B. Weglein15 December 2009 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 74, No. 6 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1999 Pages: 2061 publication data© 1999 Copyright © 1999 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 04 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Rodney Johnston and Anton Ziolkowski, (1999), "Benefits of source signature measurements for multiple removal in streamer and OBC data," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1346-1349. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820761 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Properdin and Factor H: Opposing Players on the Alternative Complement Pathway “See-Saw” (2013)

Properdin and factor H are two key regulatory proteins having opposite functions in the alternative complement pathway. Properdin up-regulates the alternative pathway by stabilizing the C3bBb complex, whereas factor H downregulates the pathway by promoting proteolytic degradation of C3b. While factor H is mainly produced in the liver, there are several extrahepatic sources. In addition to the liver, factor H is also synthesized in fetal tubuli, keratinocytes, skin fibroblasts, ocular tissue, adipose tissue, brain, lungs, heart, spleen, pancreas, kidney, muscle, and placenta. Neutrophils are the major source of properdin, and it is also produced by monocytes, T cells and bone marrow progenitor cell line. Properdin is released by neutrophils from intracellular stores following stimulation by N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine (fMLP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). The HEP G2 cells derived from human liver has been found to produce functional properdin. Endothelial cells also produce properdin when induced by shear stress, thus is a physiological source for plasma properdin. The diverse range of extrahepatic sites for synthesis of these two complement regulators suggests the importance and need for local availability of the proteins. Here, we discuss the significance of the local synthesis of properdin and factor H. This assumes greater importance in view of recently identified unexpected and novel roles of properdin and factor H that are potentially independent of their involvement in complement regulation.
Anomalous subaortic left brachiocephalic vein in surgical cases and literature review (2010)

Anomalous subaortic left brachiocephalic vein (ASLBV) is a rare systemic venous anomaly. We review our experience with patients associated with ASLBV who underwent cardiac surgery at three institutions. From 1989 to 2009, the medical records of surgically treated patients with ASLBV were analyzed; the incidence of ASLBV, clinical characteristics, and associated anatomical findings were assessed. Fifteen patients had ASLBV. All ASLBVs coursed left lateral to the aortic arch, passed under the ascending aorta anterior to the central pulmonary artery, and joined the right brachiocephalic vein. Fourteen patients had congenital heart disease (CHD), and the remaining patient did not have cardiac anomalies. Its incidence was 0.57% (14 of 2,449) in patients with CHD and only 0.02% (1 of 4,805) in patients without CHD. In patients with CHD, 73.3% (11 of 15) of the patients had conotruncal cardiac anomalies such as tetralogy of Fallot, ventricular septal defect with pulmonary atresia, truncus arteriosus, and interruption of the aortic arch. Eight patients had aortic arch anomalies, including right aortic arch and cervical aortic arch. The deletion of chromosomal 22q11.2 was confirmed in two patients, and one patient was diagnosed with DiGeorge syndrome. ASLBV was clinically silent even without any surgical intervention. ASLBV is a very rare anomaly and is highly associated with conotruncal cardiac anomalies and aortic arch anomalies, including right aortic arch and cervical aortic arch. Preoperative diagnosis is important when any surgical interventions are intended, especially, in patients with conotruncal cardiac anomalies.
Control of Leaf Expansion Rate of Droughted Maize Plants under Fluctuating Evaporative Demand (A Superposition of Hydraulic and Chemical Messages?) (1997)

We have analyzed the possibility that chemical signaling does not entirely account for the effect of water deficit on the maize (Zea mays L.) leaf elongation rate (LER) under high evaporative demand. We followed time courses of LER (0.2-h interval) and spatial distribution of elongation rate in leaves of either water-deficient or abscisic acid (ABA)-fed plants subjected to varying transpiration rates in the field, in the greenhouse, and in the growth chamber. At low transpiration rates the effect of the soil water status on LER was related to the concentration of ABA in the xylem sap and could be mimicked by feeding artificial ABA. Transpiring plants experienced a further reduction in LER, directly linked to the transpiration rate or leaf water status. Leaf zones located at more than 20 mm from the ligule stopped expanding during the day and renewed expansion during the night. Neither ABA concentration in the xylem sap, which did not appreciably vary during the day, nor ABA flux into shoots could account for the effect of evaporative demand. In particular, maximum LER was observed simultaneously with a minimum ABA flux in the droughted plants, but with a maximum ABA flux in ABA-fed plants. All data were interpreted as the superposition of two additive effects: the first involved ABA signaling and was observed during the night and in ABA-fed plants, and the second involved the transpiration rate and was observed even in well-watered plants. We suggest that a hydraulic signal is the most likely candidate for this second effect.
Silencing of microRNA‐494 inhibits the neurotoxic Th1 shift via regulating HDAC2‐STAT4 cascade in ischaemic stroke (2019)

We demonstrated that miR-494 inhibition prevented Th1-skewed neurotoxicity through regulation of the HDAC2-STAT4 cascade.
Release of ferulic acid from sugar‐beet pulp by using arabinanase, arabinofuranosidase and an esterase from Aspergillus niger (1996)

Aspergillus niger cinnamoyl esterase (CinnAE) is shown to be active towards a wide range of feruloylated oligosaccharides derived from sugar-beet pulp (SBP). The esterase hydrolysed ferulic acid ester-linked to either C-2 of arabinose or C-6 of galactose residues, and demonstrated the highest activity towards the feruloylated arabinose trisaccharide. However, CinnAE was able to release only 0.88% of total alkali-extractable ferulic acid from SBP in 24 h when acting alone. To determine whether cell-wall-degrading enzymes could increase the release of ferulic acid by CinnAE, SBP was incubated with various carbohydrases [cellulase, polygalacturonase, endo-arabinanase, alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase, endo-(1,4-beta-D-galactanase, beta-D-galactosidase]. These were added alone and in pairs, both in the presence and absence of CinnAE. We showed that all the carbohydrases tested were free of esterase activity. When individual carbohydrases were incubated with SBP, whether in the presence or absence of CinnAE, less than 1% of the feruloyl groups were released. When incubated with a mixture of endo-arabinanase and alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase, the esterase was able to release 14 times more of the alkali-extractable ferulic acid present in the whole pulp as free acid than CinnAE alone. Ferulic acid is linked either to L-arabinose or D-galactose in SBP, but no corresponding increase in ferulic acid release was detected when SBP was incubated with CinnAE plus endo-(1,4)-beta-D-galactanase and beta-D-galactosidase (both from A. niger). Hence feruloylated arabinans in SBP are readily available for hydrolysis by arabinan-degrading enzymes, whereas feruloylated galactans are not available for hydrolysis by galactan-degrading enzymes.
Single Amino Acid Substitutions in Puroindoline-b Mutants Influence Lipid Binding Properties (2007)

External reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ER-FTIR) spectroscopy and surface pressure measurements have been used to characterize the interaction of wild-type puroindoline-b (Pin-b) and two mutant forms featuring single residue substitutions-namely, Gly-46 to Ser-46 (Pin-bH) and Trp-44 to Arg-44 (Pin-bS)-with condensed-phase monolayers of zwitterionic (L-alpha-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, DPPC) and anionic (L-alpha-dipalmitoylphosphatidyl-dl-glycerol, DPPG) phospholipids. The interaction with anionic DPPG monolayers, monitored by surface pressure isotherms, was influenced significantly by mutations in Pin-b (p < 0.05); wild-type Pin-b showed the highest surface pressure change of 10.6 +/- 1.0 mN m-1, followed by Pin-bH (7.9 +/- 1.6 mN m-1) and Pin-bS (6.3 +/- 1.0 mN m-1), and the surface pressure isotherm kinetics were also different in each case. Integrated Amide I peak areas from corresponding ER-FTIR spectra confirmed the differences in adsorption kinetics, but also showed that differences in adsorbed amount were less significant, suggesting that mutations influence the degree of penetration into DPPG films. All Pin-b types showed evidence of interaction with DPPC films, detected as changes in surface pressure (5.6 +/- 1.1 mN m-1); however, no protein peaks were detected in the ER-FTIR spectra, which indicated that the interaction was via penetration with limited adsorption at the lipid/water interface. The expression of Pin-b mutants is linked to wheat endosperm hardness; therefore, the data presented here suggest that the lipid binding properties may be pivotal within the mechanism for this quality trait. In addition, the data suggest antimicrobial activities of Pin-b mutants would be lower than those of the wild-type Pin-b, because of decreased selectivity toward anionic phospholipids.
Preparation and Electrochromic Properties of RF-Sputtered NiO<sub>x</sub> Films Prepared in Ar/O<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub> Atmosphere (1994)

The preparation of electrochromic nickel oxide ( NiO x ) films, which are colorless in an as-deposited state, has been carried out in Ar/O 2 /H 2 mixed gas by the rf-sputtering method. Highly transparent films of as-deposited nickel oxide could be prepared in the sputtering atmosphere consisting of Ar:O 2 :H 2 =50:10:40. From IR and XPS measurements, the as-deposited films were found to be hydrated and to have the component of Ni(OH) 2 . When these films were electrochemically colored, NiOOH was known to remain in the films. The coloration efficiency of the films at the wavelength of 633 nm was nearly independent of hydrogen content in sputtering atmosphere up to 40%, but it depended on sputtering pressure. The maximum value of coloration efficiency was 36 cm 2 /C for films prepared at hydrogen content of 40% and total pressure of 8 Pa.
SMT-Based Bounded Model Checking for Embedded ANSI-C Software (2009)

Propositional bounded model checking has been applied successfully to verify embedded software but is limited by the increasing propositional formula size and the loss of structure during the translation. These limitations can be reduced by encoding word-level information in theories richer than propositional logic and using SMT solvers for the generated verification conditions. Here, we investigate the application of different SMT solvers to the verification of embedded software written in ANSI-C. We have extended the encodings from previous SMT-based bounded model checkers to provide more accurate support for variables of finite bit width, bit-vector operations, arrays, structures, unions and pointers. We have integrated the CVC3, Boolector, and Z3 solvers with the CBMC front-end and evaluated them using both standard software model checking benchmarks and typical embedded software applications from telecommunications, control systems, and medical devices. The experiments show that our approach can analyze larger problems and substantially reduce the verification time.
Real‐Time Fine Morphology of Motile Human Sperm Cells is Associated With IVF‐ICSI Outcome (2002)

The aim of the present prospective study was to determine whether subtle sperm morphological characteristics affect the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and if so, to identify those that are relevant. For this purpose, we developed a new method, the motile sperm organelle morphology examination (MSOME). The examination is performed in real time using an inverted light microscope equipped with high-power Nomarski optics enhanced by digital imaging to achieve a magnification up to 6300x. MSOME was applied to the leftover sperm fraction selected for microinjection in 100 random couples referred for ICSI treatment at 3 major in vitro fertilization centers. We found that the morphological normalcy of the entire sperm cell, according to MSOME criteria, was positively associated with ICSI fertilization rate (area under the receiver operating characteristics [ROC] curve, 88%) but not with pregnancy outcome. The morphological normalcy of the sperm nucleus, defined by MSOME, was significantly and positively associated with both fertilization rate and pregnancy outcome (areas under the ROC curve, 72% and 74%, respectively). These findings indicate that ICSI-associated pregnancy rate may be affected by subtle morphological malformations of the sperm nucleus, which may remain undetected by the embryologist during the routine selection procedure.