gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microenvironment and tumor cells: two targets for new molecular therapies of hepatocellular carcinoma (2018)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is one of the most frequent human cancer and is characterized by a high mortality rate. The aggressiveness appears strictly related to the liver pathological background on which cancer develops. Inflammation and the consequent fibro/cirrhosis, derived from chronic injuries of several origins (viral, toxic and metabolic) and observable in almost all oncological patients, represents the most powerful risk factor for HCC and, at the same time, an important obstacle to the efficacy of systemic therapy. Multiple microenvironmental cues, indeed, play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis, evolution and recurrence of HCC as well as in the resistance to standard therapies observed in most of patients. The identification of altered pathways in cancer cells and of microenvironmental changes, strictly connected in pathogenic feedback loop, may permit to plan new therapeutic approaches targeting tumor cells and their permissive microenvironment, simultaneously.
Effect of Process Parameters and High-Temperature Preheating on Residual Stress and Relative Density of Ti6Al4V Processed by Selective Laser Melting (2019)

The aim of this study is to observe the effect of process parameters on residual stresses and relative density of Ti6Al4V samples produced by Selective Laser Melting. The investigated parameters were hatch laser power, hatch laser velocity, border laser velocity, high-temperature preheating and time delay. Residual stresses were evaluated by the bridge curvature method and relative density by the optical method. The effect of the observed process parameters was estimated by the design of experiment and surface response methods. It was found that for an effective residual stress reduction, the high preheating temperature was the most significant parameter. High preheating temperature also increased the relative density but caused changes in the chemical composition of Ti6Al4V unmelted powder. Chemical analysis proved that after one build job with high preheating temperature, oxygen and hydrogen content exceeded the ASTM B348 limits for Grade 5 titanium.
A general description of common-mode feedback in fully-differential amplifiers (2002)

Fully-differential amplifiers and their common-mode feedback (CMFB) loops are described, and the impact of CMFB loop mismatching on common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) noise and distortion is discussed. A set of gain parameters which are suitable for predicting the actual performance of such a balanced amplifier is defined. The presented formalism takes mismatching and nonlinearity in the CMFB loop into account. The gain parameters can easily be calculated or simulated for different circuit configurations. It is concluded that the common-mode sense circuits can have a major impact on the accuracy of the differential mode signal processing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of hydrocortisone on the production and glycosylation of an Fc‐fusion protein in CHO cell cultures (2012)

Glucocorticoids are known to modulate various cellular functions such as cell proliferation, metabolism, glycosylation, and secretion of many proteins. We tested the effect of hydrocortisone (HC) on cell growth, viability, metabolism, protein production, and glycosylation of an Fc-protein expressing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell culture. HC extended cell viability but impaired cell growth. The inhibitory effect on cell growth was dose-dependent and decreased when the glucocorticoid addition was delayed. When HC was added after 2 or 3 days of culture, an increase in glutamate consumption was observed, which was reversed by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone (Mif). Titer and specific productivity increased in the presence of HC. The increase in titer was only slightly reversed by Mif. On the other hand, Mif by itself induced an increase in titer to a level comparable to or higher than HC. Protein glycosylation was altered by the glucocorticoid in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with a shift to more acidic bands, which correlated with an increase in sialic acid moieties. This increase, which was not linked to a decrease in extracellular sialidase activity in HC-treated cultures, was reversed by Mif. Predictive models based on design of experiments enabled the definition of optimal conditions for process performance in terms of viability and titer and for the quality of the Fc-fusion protein in terms of glycosylation. The data obtained suggest a use of glucocorticoids for commercial production of Fc-fusion proteins expressed in CHO cells.
Identification of a galactose‐specific flocculin essential for non‐sexual flocculation and filamentous growth in <i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</i> (2011)

Although various mutant strains of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe exhibit non-sexual flocculation, little is known about the mechanistic basis for this phenomenon, nor have genes encoding the implicated flocculin been identified. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the transcription factor Flo8 controls expression of some of the genes involved in non-sexual flocculation. We have found that overexpression of S. cerevisiae FLO8 induced non-sexual flocculation in S. pombe. This non-sexual flocculation was Ca(2+) -dependent, and was inhibited by addition of galactose, but not by mannose, glucose or sucrose. In the FLO8-overexpressing strain, a gene designated gsf2(+) (galactose-specific flocculation) was specifically induced. The gsf2(+) gene was also highly expressed in lkh1Δ, tup12Δ and gsf1 mutants, all of which exhibited non-sexual flocculation dependent on gsf2(+) . We show that the N-terminal region of Gsf2 recognizes galactose in mediating cell-cell interaction. Disruption of gsf2(+) also abolished the adhesion phenotype and invasive growth of the wild-type strain cultured in low ammonium medium. The newly identified flocculin Gsf2 in fission yeast was not only required for non-sexual flocculation but was also required for adhesion and filamentous growth through recognition of galactose residues on cell surface glycoconjugates.
The repair of large incisional hernias. (1968)

An old technique for the repair of incisional hernias, but with the use of Marlex mesh instead of fascia lata, was used in eight cases, with good results for the limited time the patients have been observed. The operation involves the use of a multifingered sheet of Marlex mesh, a material with characteristics that make it ideal for repair of large hernias.
Cyclic electron flow is redox-controlled but independent of state transition (2013)

Photosynthesis is the biological process that feeds the biosphere with reduced carbon. The assimilation of CO2 requires the fine tuning of two co-existing functional modes: linear electron flow, which provides NADPH and ATP, and cyclic electron flow, which only sustains ATP synthesis. Although the importance of this fine tuning is appreciated, its mechanism remains equivocal. Here we show that cyclic electron flow as well as formation of supercomplexes, thought to contribute to the enhancement of cyclic electron flow, are promoted in reducing conditions with no correlation with the reorganization of the thylakoid membranes associated with the migration of antenna proteins towards Photosystems I or II, a process known as state transition. We show that cyclic electron flow is tuned by the redox power and this provides a mechanistic model applying to the entire green lineage including the vast majority of the cases in which state transition only involves a moderate fraction of the antenna.
The estrogenic activity of synthetic progestins used in oral contraceptives (1993)

Abstract Background . Oral contraceptives (OC) contain an orally active estrogen in combination with an orally active synthetic progestin derived from 19‐nortestosterone. OC have had an enormous positive impact on public health for the past three decades, and in the main, there has been a remarkably low incidence of troublesome side effects. Although estrogens are implicated in an increased incidence of breast and endometrial cancer, epidemiologic studies have not provided convincing evidence to support a direct correlation between OC use and an increase in breast cancer incidence. By contrast, OC do cause a decrease in the incidence of endometrial and ovarian carcinoma. During the past decade, several isolated reports have linked an increased incidence of breast cancer with the use of synthetic progestins. No mechanism for the proliferative potential of progestins has been offered. Therefore, the authors investigated this problem to formulate a hypothesis, based on laboratory data, that might be evaluated in populations at risk. Methods . The synthetic progestins (19‐nortestosterone derivatives) chosen for the study were norethynodrel, norethindrone, norgestrel (levonorgestrel), and gestodene. These were compared with the actions of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). To determine whether the progestins produced their effects via the ER, the cells were transfected with a chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter gene containing an estrogen response element only activated by ER. Results . The 19‐nortestosterone derivatives all stimulated the growth of estrogen receptor (ER)‐positive but not ER‐negative breast cancer cells in culture. Antiestrogens, but not the antiprogestin mifepristone (also known as RU 486), inhibited progestin‐stimulated cell proliferation. MPA did not stimulate cell proliferation. All the synthetic progestins that increased replication also activated CAT. Activation was blocked by antiestrogens but not by mifepristone; the synthetic progestin MPA was inactive. Conclusions . These studies provided direct evidence that some synthetic progestins exert estrogenic effects through the ER. The results demonstrated that progestins can have a dual effect on estrogen target tissues either to stimulate or differentiate cells. The results suggest that some beneficial estrogen‐like effects could be produced by synthetic progestins (e.g., bone preservation), but epidemiologic studies of OC use should focus of the “total estrogen” content to establish whether some formulations place some groups of women at greater risk of having breast cancer.
Reactive ion beam etching of PLZT electrooptic substrates with repeated self-aligned masking (1986)

Deep channels in electrooptic substrates are often desired for optical fiber coupling and the fabrication of embedded electrodes in waveguides and spatial light modulators. While ion beam etching can be used to form channels with vertical wall profiles, the achievable etch depth is often rate-limited by the substrate/mask etch ratio. In this paper we compare etch rates of the electrooptic material (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 under argon-ion beam etching and CF4 and C2F6 reactive ion beam etching (RIBE). Then, as an alternative to the use of thick or multilayered masks, of limited resolution, we present a method using backside exposure to apply repetitively a self-aligned photoresist mask for multiple RIBE runs. This procedure has been used to fabricate channels of 7-μm depth in the electrooptic material.
Stepped care: developing a service for people with mild symptoms (2010)

A way of providing rapid and flexible access to psychological interventions in primary care has met with approval from service users and staff. Jennifer Russell and colleagues report on the development and implementation of the service
LTERadar (2018)

Major LTE hardware vendors (e.g. Qualcomm, Ericsson), mobile service providers (e.g. Verizon, T-Mobile), and standardization bodies (e.g. LTE-U forum, 3GPP) are extending LTE networks into unlicensed spectrum bands to boost the speeds and coverage of mobile networks. However, the deployment of LTE in unlicensed has raised serious concerns regarding their adverse impact on Wi-Fi networks in the same bands. We design LTERadar, a lightweight interference detector, that runs on Wi-Fi devices and accurately detects LTE interference in real time. LTERadar is a purely software-based solution that is independent of specific hardware or technology of the LTE interferer (e.g. LTE-U, LAA, the dominant LTE unlicensed protocols). Our implementation and evaluation with off-the-shelf Wi-Fi APs show that LTERadar achieves more than 90% of the interference detection accuracy in operational networks.
Immunologic and clinical aspects of natural killer cells in human leukemia. (1990)

We have studied peripheral-blood, splenic and bone marrow natural killer (NK) activity in patients with leukemia. These studies demonstrated that leukemic patients displayed defective NK activity in all of these tissues. However, NK defect could be corrected by culture of effector cells with interleukin-2 (IL-2). The phenotypic analysis of IL-2 cultures showed clearly the heterogeneity of lymphocyte subsets. The characterization studies demonstrated that CD56+, CD3- NK cells manifested most potent lysis of leukemia, CD56+, CD3+ T cells mediated some, but low, antileukemia activity and CD56-, CD3+ T lymphocytes were devoid of cytotoxicity.
Simplifications in the synthesis of short oligonucleotide blocks (1980)

A rapid and convenient procedure has been developed for the synthesis of fully protected mono, di and trideoxyribonucleotides utilizing an aryl phosphoroditriazolide. It affords advantages over coupling strategies employing condensing reagents, such as 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzenesulfonyl tetrazolide in preparing small oligonucleotides and is relatively free of the drawbacks inherent in other approaches using bifunctional phosphorylating reagents. In particular, the synthesis of trinucleotide blocks without purification at the dimer stage is described.
Primary Tumors Limit Metastasis Formation through Induction of IL15-Mediated Cross-Talk between Patrolling Monocytes and NK Cells (2017)

Metastases are responsible for the vast majority of cancer-related deaths. Although tumor cells can become invasive early during cancer progression, metastases formation typically occurs as a late event. How the immune response to primary tumors may dictate this outcome remains poorly understood, which hampers our capacity to manipulate it therapeutically. Here, we used a two-step experimental model, based on the highly aggressive B16F10 melanoma, that temporally segregates the establishment of primary tumors (subcutaneously) and the formation of lung metastases (from intravenous injection). This allowed us to identify a protective innate immune response induced by primary tumors that inhibits experimental metastasis. We found that in the presence of primary tumors, increased numbers of natural killer (NK) cells with enhanced IFNγ, granzyme B, and perforin production were recruited to the lung upon metastasis induction. These changes were mirrored by a local accumulation of patrolling monocytes and macrophages with high expression of MHC class II and NOS2. Critically, the protective effect on metastasis was lost upon patrolling monocyte or NK cell depletion, IL15 neutralization, or IFNγ ablation. The combined analysis of these approaches allowed us to establish a hierarchy in which patrolling monocytes, making IL15 in response to primary tumors, activate NK cells and IFNγ production that then inhibit lung metastasis formation. This work identifies an innate cell network and the molecular determinants responsible for "metastasis immunosurveillance," providing support for using the key molecular mediator, IL15, to improve immunotherapeutic outcomes. <i>Cancer Immunol Res; 5(9); 812-20. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Effect of troglitazone on body fat distribution in type 2 diabetic patients. (1999)

According to our data, troglitazone appears to promote fat accumulation in the subcutaneous adipose tissue rather than in the visceral adipose tissue in mildly obese Japanese people with type 2 diabetes. This shift of energy accumulation from the visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue may greatly contribute to the troglitazone-mediated amelioration of insulin resistance.
Tumour heterogeneity and immune-modulation (2013)

Recent advances in sequencing technologies have revealed extensive intratumour heterogeneity (ITH) both within individual tumours and between primary and metastatic tumours for different cancer types. Such genetic diversity may have clinical implications for both cancer diagnosis and treatment with increasing evidence linking ITH and therapeutic resistance. Nonetheless, whilst limiting the activity of targeted agents, tumour genetic heterogeneity may provide a new therapeutic opportunity through generation of neo-antigens that could be recognised and targeted by the patient's own immune system in response to immune-modulatory therapies. Longitudinal genomic studies assessing tumour clonal architecture and its correlation with the underlying immune response to cancer in each particular patient are needed to follow tumour evolutionary dynamics over time and through therapy, in order to further understand the mechanisms behind drug resistance and to inform the development of new combinatorial therapeutic strategies.
The sandbridge SB3011 SDR platform (2006)

This paper describes the Sandbridge Sandblaster real-time software defined radio platform. Specifically we describe the SB301I system on a chip multiprocessor. We describe the software development system that enables real-time execution of communications and multimedia applications. We provide results for a number of interesting communications and multimedia systems including UMTS, DVB-H, WiMAX, WiFi, and NTSC video decoding. All results presented are from completely implemented systems from RF through baseband
Gate quality Si3N4/Si/<i>n</i>-In0.53Ga0.47As metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitors (1992)

In this letter, we report on gate quality Si3N4/Si/n-In0.53Ga0.47As capacitors representing significant improvement over that which has been previously obtained. These capacitors are formed by in situ nitride and Si layer deposition on as-grown molecular-beam epitaxy structure and are characterized by a small frequency dispersion, small hysteresis, a flat band voltage close to zero, and a minimum interface trap density of 2.4×1011 eV−1 cm−2.
Immune-system-dependent anti-tumor activity of a plant-derived polyphenol rich fraction in a melanoma mouse model (2016)

Recent findings suggest that part of the anti-tumor effects of several chemotherapeutic agents require an intact immune system. This is in part due to the induction of immunogenic cell death. We have identified a gallotannin-rich fraction, obtained from Caesalpinia spinosa (P2Et) as an anti-tumor agent in both breast carcinoma and melanoma. Here, we report that P2Et treatment results in activation of caspase 3 and 9, mobilization of cytochrome c and externalization of annexin V in tumor cells, thus suggesting the induction of apoptosis. This was preceded by the onset of autophagy and the expression of immunogenic cell death markers. We further demonstrate that P2Et-treated tumor cells are highly immunogenic in vaccinated mice and induce immune system activation, clearly shown by the generation of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) producing tyrosine-related protein 2 antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Moreover, the tumor protective effects of P2Et treatment were abolished in immunodeficient mice, and partially lost after CD4 and CD8 depletion, indicating that P2Et's anti-tumor activity is highly dependent on immune system and at least in part of T cells. Altogether, these results support the hypothesis that the gallotannin-rich fraction P2Et's anti-tumor effects are mediated to a great extent by the endogenous immune response following to the exposure to immunogenic dying tumor cells.
Transient Enhancement and Spectral Narrowing of The Photothermal Effect of Plasmonic Nanoparticles Under Pulsed Excitation (2012)

The transient 100-fold enhancement and spectral narrowing to 2 nm of the photothermal conversion by solid gold nanospheres under near-infrared excitation with a short laser pulse is reported. This non-stationary effect was observed for a wide range of optical fluences starting from 10 mJ cm(-2) for single nanospheres, their ensembles and aggregated clusters in water, in vitro and in vivo.
A Novel Detection Method of Brillouin Backscattered Light in Optical Fiber (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This paper introduces a novel Brillouin signal detection method, including its basic principle and its advantages in a distributed fiber temperature and strain sensing system based on Brillouin scattering. The detection method relies on heterodyne detection which does not need an extra reference light, and has many special advantages compared with the interference detection method. Careful and detailed experiments were performed to prove its feasibility, including: basic verification, temperature and strain experiments, all of which used a narrow linewidth source at 1.55 <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$\mu {\rm m} $</tex></formula> and produced positive and promising results. In the first experiment, a peak frequency shift due to Brillouin scattering of 10.8420 GHz is obtained, consistent with the theoretically predicted Brillouin frequency shift; in the second experiment, the temperature coefficient is obtained as 1.0843 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm MHz}/^{\circ}{\rm C} $</tex></formula>, which close to the previously reported value of 1.2 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm MHz}/^{\circ}{\rm C} $</tex></formula>; in the third experiment, the strain coefficient is obtained as 0.049 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm MHz}/\mu \varepsilon $</tex></formula>, again, in agreement with the previously reported value of 0.0496 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm MHz}/\mu \varepsilon $</tex></formula>. </para>
Kinetics and preparation of amine oxides (1994)

Abstract A kinetic model for the oxidation of dimethyllaurylamine to its amine oxide with hydrogen peroxide was developed. It is a second‐order reaction where k=.0250, .0079 and .0037 kg per mol/min at 75, 60 and 50°C, respectively. Amine oxides of N ‐lauryl morpholine, piperidine and 3‐methyl piperidine were synthesized, and their rates of formation were determined. Compared to dimethyllaurylamine, the piperidines react slower, while the morpholine reaction is much faster.
Direct Fluorination of 1,1-Diphenylethylene<sup>1,2</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect Fluorination of 1,1-Diphenylethylene1,2Richard F. MerrittCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 11, 3871–3873Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01349a524https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01349a524research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views164Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts