gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microstrip line to waveguide transition with quarter-wavelength open stubs (2017)

It is desirable for microstrip line/waveguide (MSL/WG) transitions to have low-loss, low-cost, and high-reliability. In order to suppress the unnecessary radiation which is a cause of loss, through-holes are provided in conventional transitions to surround the connection section. However, if through-holes are provided, manufacturing cost increases due to the greater complexity of the manufacturing process. In addition, since the dielectric expands and contracts due changes in temperature, problems arise involving decreased reliability, such as wire breakage due to application of tension to through-holes. Thus, this paper concerns a MSL/WG transition which simultaneously realizes low-loss, low-cost, and high-reliability by using a quarter-wavelength wavelength open stub instead of through-holes.
URI Template (2012)

A URI Template is a compact sequence of characters for describing a range of Uniform Resource Identifiers through variable expansion. This specification defines the URI Template syntax and the process for expanding a URI Template into a URI reference, along with guidelines for the use of URI Templates on the Internet.
The AlphaServer 4100 Cached Processor Module Architecture and Design (1996)

this paper describes the CPU module design in detail. Before delving into the discussion of the CPU module, however, it is necessary to briefly describe how the system bus functions.
The Use of "Canaries" for Adaptive Health Management of Electronic Systems (2010)

Reliability concerns in state-of-the-art electronic systems have led researchers and engineers to develop innovative real-time prognostics and adaptive health management methods to assure desired availability. Prognostics techniques described here use a novel concept of canaries, along with data analysis, failure mechanism models and integrated fusion techniques to determine the remaining useful life of a system. A canary is a device that provides data to generate early warning of functional degradation and impending functional failure. Three types of canaries are discussed. Expendable canaries experience accelerated degradation (compared to functional degradation) by design, so that early warning of impending failure can be generated. Sensory canaries provide early warning by observing nonfunctional manifestation of functional degradation. Conjugate-stress canaries provide measurement of life-cycle stress history so that failure models can be used to estimate consumed life and remaining life. This paper focuses on expendable canaries, in particular, and provides three examples to illustrate the underlying design concepts.
Genetic approach with a new representation for base station placement in mobile communications (2002)

In this paper, we find the best base station placement using a genetic approach. A new representation describing base station placement with a real number is proposed, and new genetic operators are introduced. This new representation can describe not only the locations of the base stations but also the number of those. Considering both coverage and economic efficiency, we also suggest a weighted objective function. Our algorithm is applied to an obvious optimization problem and then is verified. Moreover, our approach is tried in an inhomogeneous traffic density environment. The simulation result proves that the algorithm enables one to find near optimal base station placement and the efficient number of base stations.
Traffic to lymph nodes of PC-3 prostate tumor cells in nude mice visualized using the luciferase gene as a tumor cell marker. (1998)

Tumor cell traffic between intramuscular tumors experimentally induced in nude mice and lymph nodes was studied using PC-3.luc prostate adenocarcinoma cells permanently transfected with the luciferase gene as a tumor cell marker. This sensitive approach allowed the detection of 1 luminescent tumor cell mixed with 1 x 10(7) unlabeled PC-3 cells and of 1 tumor cell/lymph node. PC-3.luc cells inoculated in nude mice showed a 1000-fold expansion, accompanied by a 4.5-fold increase in tumor cell density (tumor cell number/gram of tumor), during the first 90 days of primary tumor growth. No macroscopic secondary tumors were found in organs, other than lymph nodes, by the end of the experiment. Tumor cell spread to lymph nodes was detected at Day 21, when there were 2 x 10(5) tumor cells at the inoculation sites, before discrete primary tumors could be identified. The total tumor cell burden in the tested lymph nodes was modeled by a power function of primary tumor cell number (determination coefficient R2 = 0.9472). By the end of the experiment, on Day 110, there were 1.8 metastatic cells in the studied lymph nodes for every 1000 primary tumor cells. These results suggest that empirically obtained tumor-specific indexes could be used to characterize the invasion of lymph nodes by tumor cells. The path of spread for PC-3.luc cells from intramuscular sites appears to follow the lymphatic system, and at no time during the experiment were tumor cells found in blood. An upper limit of no more than 16 blood-circulating tumor cells was established for these experiments. The observation of tumor cells that were invading the lymphatic system from the onset of tumor growth but unable to establish secondary tumors in other organs emphasizes the potential of this procedure in studying the multi-step nature of metastasis.
Micellization of a Series of Dissymmetric Gemini Surfactants in Aqueous Solution (2003)

A series of dissymmetric gemini surfactants, [CmH2m+1(CH3)2N(CH2)6N(CH3)2CnH2n+1]Br2 (designated as CmC6CnBr2, with constant m + n = 24 and m = 12, 13, 14, 16, 18), have been investigated by electrical conductivity measurement, steady-state fluorescence measurement, and time-resolved fluorescence quenching. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the micelle aggregation number (N) were determined and the micropolarity of micelle was characterized. The micelle ionization degree (α) was obtained using a combination of electrical conductivity data and N. Furthermore, the Gibbs free energy of micellization (ΔGmic) and the entropy of micellization (ΔSmic) were studied. The results have shown that the degree of dissymmetry (m/n) has an important effect on the micellization in aqueous solution. As the m/n ratio increases, the CMC value decreases linearly, the N value at the CMC increases slightly (from 22 to 30), and α decreases slightly down the series. The value of ΔGmic becomes more negative for greater m/n ratios, which supports the belief that the micellization will be more spontaneous and the contribution, per CH2 unit, to micellization increases as the m/n ratio increases. The calculated thermodynamic parameter |TΔSmic| is much larger than |ΔHmic|, which indicates that the micellization of the CmC6CnBr2 series is entropy-driven. However, the micropolarity of the micelle that is sensed by pyrene varies little, irrespective of the m/n ratio.
A practical micropower programmable bandpass filter for use in bionic ears (2003)

Subthreshold Gm-C filters offer the low power and wide tunable range required for use in fully implantable bionic ears. The major design challenge that must be met is increasing the linear range. A capacitive-attenuation technique is presented and refined to allow the construction of wide-linear-range bandpass filters with greater than 1 V/sub pp/ swings. For a 100-200 Hz fully differential filter with second-order roll off slopes and greater than 60 dB dynamic range, experimental results from a 1.5-μm, 2.8-V BiCMOS chip yield only 0.23 μW power consumption; for a 5-10 kHz filter with the same specifications the power only increased to 6.36 μW. Fully differential filters with first-order slopes had a dynamic range of 66 dB and power consumptions of 0.12 and 3.36 μW in the 100-200 Hz and 5-10 kHz cases, respectively. We show that our experimental results of noise and linear range are in good accord with theoretical estimates of these quantities.
A 60nm 6Gb/s/pin GDDR5 Graphics DRAM with Multifaceted Clocking and ISI/SSN-Reduction Techniques (2008)

Demand for high-speed DRAM in graphics application pushes a single-ended I/O signaling to operate up to 6Gb/s. To maintain the speed increase, the GDDR5 specification shifts from GDDR3/4 with respect to forwarded clocking, data training for write and read de-skewing, clock training, channel-error detection, bank group and data coding. This work tackles challenges in GDDR5 such as clock jitter and signal integrity.
Plasma Neurofilament Heavy Chain Levels Correlate to Markers of Late Stage Disease Progression and Treatment Response in SOD1G93A Mice that Model ALS (2012)

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable neurodegenerative disorder characterised by progressive degeneration of motor neurons leading to death, typically within 3-5 years of symptom onset. The diagnosis of ALS is largely reliant on clinical assessment and electrophysiological findings. Neither specific investigative tools nor reliable biomarkers are currently available to enable an early diagnosis or monitoring of disease progression, hindering the design of treatment trials.
170 MHz electrodeless quartz crystal microbalance for highly sensitive biosensors (2009)

A highly sensitive wireless-electrodeless quartz-crystal microbalance biosensor with a fundamental resonance frequency of 170 MHz was developed. A blank AT-cut quartz plate of 9.7 ¿m thick was excited by the line antenna in liquid, and its vibration signals were detected by the other line antenna, achieving the noncontacting measurement of the resonance frequency. The mass sensitivity of the 170 MHz QCM biosensor is better than that of a conventional 5 MHz QCM by three orders of magnitude. This biosensor was applied to detect human immunoglobulin G using Staphylococcus aurous protein A immobilized nonspecifically on both surfaces of the quartz plate. The detection limit is 0.5 pM.
<i>ras2</i> Controls Morphogenesis, Pheromone Response, and Pathogenicity in the Fungal Pathogen <i>Ustilago maydis</i> (2002)

Ustilago maydis, a pathogen of maize, is a useful model for the analysis of mating, pathogenicity, and the morphological transition between budding and filamentous growth in fungi. As in other fungi, these processes are regulated by conserved signaling mechanisms, including the cyclic AMP (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway and at least one mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) pathway. A current challenge is to identify additional factors that lie downstream of the cAMP pathway and that influence morphogenesis in U. maydis. In this study, we identified suppressor mutations that restored budding growth to a constitutively filamentous mutant with a defect in the gene encoding a catalytic subunit of PKA. Complementation of one suppressor mutation unexpectedly identified the ras2 gene, which is predicted to encode a member of the well-conserved ras family of small GTP-binding proteins. Deletion of the ras2 gene in haploid cells altered cell morphology, eliminated pathogenicity on maize seedlings, and revealed a role in the production of aerial hyphae during mating. We also used an activated ras2 allele to demonstrate that Ras2 promotes pseudohyphal growth via a MAP kinase cascade involving the MAP kinase kinase Fuz7 and the MAP kinase Ubc3. Overall, our results reveal an additional level of crosstalk between the cAMP signaling pathway and a MAP kinase pathway influenced by Ras2.
Plant antitumor agents. II. Structure of two new alkaloids from Camptotheca acuminata (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPlant antitumor agents. II. Structure of two new alkaloids from Camptotheca acuminataMansukhlal C. Wani and Monroe E. WallCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 5, 1364–1367Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01257a036https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01257a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views696Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cytoplasmic free-Ca2+ level rises with repellents and falls with attractants in Escherichia coli chemotaxis. (1995)

Cytoplasmic free-Ca2+ levels in Escherichia coli were measured by use of the fluorescent Ca(2+)-indicator dye fura-2. Chemotactically wild-type E. coli regulated cytoplasmic free Ca2+ at approximately 100 nM when no stimuli were encountered, but changes in bacterial behavior correlated with changes in cytoplasmic free-Ca2+ concentration. For chemotactically wild-type E. coli, addition of a repellent resulted in cells tumbling and a transient increase in cytoplasmic free-Ca2+ levels. Conversely, addition of an attractant to wild-type cells caused running and produced a transient decrease in cytoplasmic free-Ca2+ levels. Studies with mutant strains showed that the chemoreceptors were required for the observed changes in cytoplasmic free-Ca2+ levels in response to chemical stimuli.
Improved Infrared Absorption Spectra Hygrometer (1958)

An infrared hygrometer is described which utilizes a light beam as the principal sensing element. Composed of two narrow bands of infrared radiation, this beam traverses a 12-in. path through a sample atmosphere containing the humidity concentration to be measured. Wavelength isolation is by means of germanium narrow band-pass interference filters. One band, centered near a wavelength of 2.60 μ, is subject to attenuation by water vapor, the other located near 2.45 μ is not. Thus the ratio of transmitted band energies is sensitive to the concentration of water vapor in the path. This ratio is effectively maintained at unity through use of a servo-operated glass wedge which moves to compensate for energy unbalance caused by changes in absorbing vapor. Wedge position is given electrical significance through use of an appropriate transducer, calibrated in terms of vapor density, grams per cubic meter. Included in the design is a dry-gas purge standardization system whereby periodic checks of the zero point enable compensation for drift factors. Because of the potential use of the method in airborne applications, the instrument was used in tests to determine the character of pressure effects. These showed that vapor concentration (W), total pressure (P), and partial pressure (p) of water vapor, may be related to fractional absorption (A): A=CW0.5(P+p)0.23.Conditions under which other, simpler relations may be used are discussed.
Non-coherent detection in communication and radar systems (2013)

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Expert system diagnosis of wide complex tachycardia (2003)

The differentiation between ventricular tachycardia (VT) and a supraventricular tachycardia with aberrancy (SVT) in a patient with a wide complex tachycardia is often difficult. To help in this differentiation, a rule-based expert system was developed using a commercially available expert system shell running under the MS-DOS operating system. The user is queried for the presence of various abnormalities on the twelve lead electrocardiogram. From published data, each abnormality is assigned a probability based on the positive predictive value of the abnormality for VT and for SVT. By combining the positive predictive values, the expert system assigns a final probability for VT and for SVT. In addition, the expert system provides a compilation of the rules applied. In 283 tracings, the sensitivity for VT was 98% and the specificity was 60%. The sensitivity and specificity for SVT were 40% and 99%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of Physical Exercise on Renal Response to Head-Out Water Immersion. (1997)

Head-out water immersion (HOI) induces various renal functional changes, such as diuresis, natriuresis, and kaliuresis. The present study was undertaken 1) to characterize the renal response to HOI in Koreans who routinely ingest high salt diet and 2) to evaluate the impact of exercise on the renal response to HOI. Six healthy male subjects (average Na+ intake of 232 mEq.day-1) were immersed upto the neck in 34.5 degrees C water and rested in a seated position or exercised on a bicycle ergometer for 3 hours. In resting subjects, we observed a reversible increase in urine flow and a decrease in urine osmolality, with no changes in creatinine clearance. The peak urine flow observed during the second hour of immersion was 4-fold greater than the pre-immersion level. The excretion of total osmotic substances rose progressively during the 3-hour immersion, which was accompanied by a similar change in Na+ excretion. The K+ excretion was slightly elevated. The major component of the immersion diuresis was a water diuresis in the early phase and an osmotic diuresis in the late phase of immersion. In exercising subjects, the diuretic and natriuretic responses to HOI were attenuated and the kaliuretic response was potentiated. Blood hemoglobin concentration and plasma levels of renin, ADH, and aldosterone decreased during immersion-rest, but they remained unchanged or increased during immersion-exercise. These results suggest that 1) the cardiac mechanoreceptor-mediated renal responses to HOI are not changed by chronic high salt diet, and 2) excessive urinary sodium and water losses are prevented by exercise during immersion.
Version and configuration management on a software engineering database (1989)

Article Free Access Share on Version and configuration management on a software engineering database Author: I. Thomas GIE Emeraude, Bull SA, 68 Route de Versailles, 78430 Louveciennes, France GIE Emeraude, Bull SA, 68 Route de Versailles, 78430 Louveciennes, FranceView Profile Authors Info & Claims SCM '89: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Software configuration managementOctober 1989Pages 23–25https://doi.org/10.1145/72910.73341Published:01 October 1989Publication History 7citation381DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations7Total Downloads381Last 12 Months23Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
An in vitro model for the production of committed haemopoietic progenitor cells stimulated by exposure to single and combined recombinant growth factors. (1989)

A plastic-adherent mononuclear cell population in human bone marrow produces non-plastic-adherent nucleated cells in liquid cultures. These cells can be harvested from the culture medium and a proportion of them can be identified as granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells (GM-CFC) by plating them in semi-solid cultures with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The generation of GM-CFC from their plastic-adherent precursors can be amplified considerably by adding 5637 conditioned medium (CM) to the liquid phase of the adherent cell cultures. This effect of 5637 CM cannot be reproduced by recombinant (r) GM-CSF or interleukins (ILs) 1, 3 or 6 if they are added singly to the culture medium. In contrast, the combination of GM-CSF + IL-1 equalled or surpassed the activity of 5637 CM. The combinations of rGM-CSF + rIL-3 and rGM-CSF + IL-6 also mimicked the activity of 5637 CM but less effectively than GM-CSF + IL-1.
Relevant context inference (1999)

Relevant context inference (RCI) is a modular technique for flow- and context-sensitive data-flow analysis of statically typed object-oriented programming languages such as C++ and Java. RCI can be used to analyze complete programs as well as incomplete programs such as libraries; this approach does not require that the entire program be memory-resident during the analysis. RCI is presented in the context of points-to analysis for a realistic subset of C++. The empirical evidence obtained from a prototype implementation argues the effectiveness of RCI.
A Case-Study of the Careers Service Placement Function (1992)

Abstract A number of models of the placement function of the Careers Service are presented. Various hypotheses generated by the models are tested, using data collected from Careers Service records. Specifically, a multivariate analysis is performed to show which personal and social characteristics are associated with a higher probability of being submitted for a permanent vacancy. The implications of the analysis for the Careers Service are discussed.
QUARTERLY BOOK - LIST (1940)

QUARTERLY BOOK - LIST Get access EDWARD N. WATERS EDWARD N. WATERS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Musical Quarterly, Volume XXVI, Issue 2, April 1940, Pages 268–274, https://doi.org/10.1093/mq/XXVI.2.268 Published: 01 April 1940
Origin Analyses of Trapezoid-Shape Defects in 4-Deg.-off 4H-SiC Epitaxial Wafers by Synchrotron X-Ray Topography (2014)

The trapezoid-shape defects are one of the most common surface defects on current 4H-SiC epitaxial film surface since they give rise negative impact for MOS-devices. We have investigated structures and origins of the defects. It is discovered that the possible origins of the trapezoid-shape defects are basal plane dislocations (BPDs), threading edge dislocations (TEDs), threading screw dislocations (TSDs),and the short dislocation loops introduced under scratches.