gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Orthotopic treatment model of prostate cancer and metastasis in the immunocompetent mouse: Efficacy of flt3 ligand immunotherapy (2003)

We established an orthotopic treatment model of prostate cancer to generate reproducible primary and metastatic carcinoma in immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice. Using an in vivo selection scheme of intraprostatic implantation of TRAMP-C1 cells, primary prostate tumors were cultured and recycled three times by intraprostatic injection resulting in the selection and establishment of the recycled cell line TRAMP-C1P3. Prostate tumors were detected approximately 30 days post-implantation with periaortic lymph node metastasis in 19/20 (95%) of mice. Tissue culture amplification, DNA ploidy and PCR amplification of the SV40 transgene were used to detect metastatic TRAMP-C1P3 in lymph node specimens. Tissue culture amplification and DNA ploidy were as sensitive as SV40 transgene amplification by PCR in detection of early metastatic disease in draining lymph nodes. To establish the use of the orthotopic model of prostate cancer for immunotherapy, mice were injected orthotopically with TRAMP-C1P3 cells and 7 days post-implantation treated daily for 28 days with either flt3L or carrier control. Carrier-treated mice had clinically detectable prostate tumors, lymph node metastasis and were moribund at 29-35 days, whereas flt3L therapy markedly suppressed primary TRAMP-C1P3 growth and lymph node metastasis, and prolonged survival. In summary, we have established a reproducible and clinically relevant orthotopic treatment model of prostate cancer in immunocompetent mice with application to a variety of therapeutic strategies. We demonstrate that flt3L treatment suppressed orthotopic prostate tumor growth and lymph node metastasis reinforcing a role for flt3L as an immunotherapeutic strategy for prostate cancer.
Understanding in vivo carbon precursor supply for fatty acid synthesis in leaf tissue (2000)

The principal supply of carbon precursors for fatty acid synthesis in leaf tissue has been a much debated topic, with some experiments suggesting a direct supply from the C3 products of photosynthetic carbon fixation and colleagues suggesting the utilization of free acetate (for which concentrations in leaves in the range of 0.05-1.4 mM have been reported). To address this issue we first reassessed the in vivo rate of fatty acid synthesis using a new method, that of [13C]carbon dioxide labeling of intact Arabidopsis plants with the subsequent analysis of fatty acids by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This method gave an average value of 2.3 mmoles carbon atoms h-1 mg chlorophyll-1 for photosynthetic tissues. The method was extended by isotopic dilution analysis to measure the rate of fatty acid synthesis in the dark. There was negligible fatty acid synthesis (< 5% of the rate in the light) in the dark. In addition, the method allowed an estimate of the absolute rate of fatty acid degradation of about 4% of the total fatty acid content per day. With the in vivo rate of fatty acid synthesis in the light defined, if the bulk tissue acetate concentration available for fatty acid synthesis is 1 mM, this acetate pool can sustain fatty acid synthesis for approximately 60 min. When the leaves of Arabidopsis, barley and pea were given a 5 min pulse of [14C]carbon dioxide, the label rapidly appeared in fatty acids with a lag phase of less than 2-3 min. Continuous labeling with [14C]carbon dioxide, for up to 1 h, showed a similar result. Furthermore, 14C-label in free acetate was less than 5% of that in fatty acids. In conclusion, these data suggest that either the bulk pool of acetate is not involved in fatty acid synthesis or the concentration of acetate must be less than 0.05 mM under strong illumination.
A Device for On-Line Measurement of Fiber Birefringence (1994)

A device for on-line measurements of fiber birefringence is described. The system consists of a double beam detection method coupled to an interference fringe device, allowing a quasi-simultaneous measurement of the diameter. A sensitive determination of birefringence is possible using this method. An example is given of an application to a fiber spun from a solution of cellulose in aqueous N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide.
Long-Term Health Outcomes Associated with Detectable Troponin I Concentrations (2007)

Both men and women who present with possible ACS with detectable cTnI concentrations that remain below the 99th percentile are at a greater risk for future adverse events.
High‐density 3‐D MT: Swath MT and grid MT (1989)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1989High‐density 3‐D MT: Swath MT and grid MTAuthors: William H. PeltonRobert B. FurgersonWilliam H. PeltonPhoenix Geoscience Inc. and Robert B. FurgersonPhoenix Geoscience Inc.https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1889601 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1889601FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byElectromagnetic induction in geothermal fields and volcanic beltsSurveys in Geophysics, Vol. 13, No. 4-5 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1989ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1989 Pages: 1375 publication data© 1989 Copyright © 1989 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION William H. Pelton and Robert B. Furgerson, (1989), "High‐density 3‐D MT: Swath MT and grid MT," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 179-181. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1889601 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
SYNTHESIS OF CERTAIN 2′-DEOXYURIDINE DERIVATIVES CONTAINING SUBSTITUTED PHENOXY GROUPS ATTACHED TO C-5′; EVALUATION AS POTENTIAL dUTP ANALOGUES (2001)

Derivatives of 2'-deoxyuridine in which the 5'-OH group is replaced by a 2,3,6-trifluoro-5-hydroxy-4-nitrophenoxy or a 4-carboxy-2,3,6-trifluoro-5-hydroxyphenoxy group have been prepared for evaluation as possible dUTP analogues. They showed a weak ability to displace radiolabelled dUTP from a dUTP-binding antiserum. The corresponding compounds lacking the three fluorine substituents were prepared for comparison.
A NICE way to test openflow applications (2012)

The emergence of OpenFlow-capable switches enables exciting new network functionality, at the risk of programming errors that make communication less reliable. The centralized programming model, where a single con-troller program manages the network, seems to reduce the likelihood of bugs. However, the system is inherently distributed and asynchronous, with events happening at different switches and end hosts, and inevitable delays affecting communication with the controller. In this paper, we present efficient, systematic techniques for test-ing unmodified controller programs. Our NICE tool applies model checking to explore the state space of the entire system—the controller, the switches, and the hosts. Scalability is the main challenge, given the diversity of data packets, the large system state, and the many possible event orderings. To address this, we propose a novel way to augment model checking with symbolic execution of event handlers (to identify representative packets that exercise code paths on the controller). We also present a simplified OpenFlow switch model (to reduce the state space), and effective strategies for generating event interleavings likely to uncover bugs. Our prototype tests Python applications on the popular NOX platform. In testing three real applications—a MAC-learning switch, in-network server load balancing, and energy-efficient traffic engineering—we uncover eleven bugs.
Skeletal Renewal and Metabolic Bone Disease (1969)

Adrenocortical SteroidsNowhere in the study of skeletal responses is the influence of species specificity more apparent than in the responses to perturbations in circulating levels of adrenocortical steroids. The rabbit becomes markedly osteopenic when given cortisone,89 but the intact dog does not, even if very high doses of steroids are used. Increased or decreased density of metaphyseal bone can be produced in rats given exogenous cortical steroids, depending on the calcium and phosphorus intake.90 The conclusion of Follis91 that the zone of increased density in the metaphyseal area of cortisone-treated rats as compared with pair-fed controls was due to . . .
Preparation of hexamethyldisilthiane (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of hexamethyldisilthianeEdwin Louis and Grant UrryCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1968, 7, 6, 1253–1254Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50064a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50064a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
THE MINNESOTA TESTS OF CREATIVE THINKING (1965)

(1965). THE MINNESOTA TESTS OF CREATIVE THINKING. Educational Research: Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 3-14.
Range Gated Underwater Viewing (1988)

The major range limitation of artificially illuminated underwater television viewing systems is backscattered illuminant. For more than twenty-five years, experiments have been conducted to perform range-gating to defeat backscatter. Currently available off-the-shelf hardware makes the implementation of range-gated viewing much more practical than it was previously. This paper analyzes requisite system parameters and describes a developmental system employing a doubled Nd-YAG laser and a gated Intensified Charge Coupled Device (ICCD) camera.
Measuring AFM cantilever stiffness from a thermal noise spectrum (2013)

The problem of AFM cantilever calibration from a thermal noise spectrum is considered. A large volume of preliminary work is required to use this method, along with consideration of numerous factors. Use of a synchronous detector allowed us to reduce the requirements for the measuring system and increase the accuracy of spring constant measurement. The respective experimental results are presented.
Polarization mode dispersion characterization of single-mode optical fiber using backscattering technique (1998)

This paper presents a completely new method able to characterize polarization mode dispersion (PMD) properties of randomly birefringent single-mode fibers, using polarization sensitive backscattering technique. We show analytical relationships between evolution of polarization state of backscattered signal with respect to state of polarization of forward one. Our technique allows one to measure differential group delay, beat length, and correlation length at the same time over long single-mode fibers using only one fiber end. Experimental data fit very well with numerical results, confirming the capability of our technique for fast routine characterization of PMD during cabling, before and after installation.
Magnetic relaxation of iron nanoparticles (2002)

The magnetic relaxation of highly diluted monodisperse iron-based particles was measured between 10−5 and 104 s, for different temperatures and particle sizes. The decay over a very broad range of times indicated a distribution of energy barriers remained despite the narrow range of sizes. Many features of this decay could be explained using a percolation model of particles with weak dipolar interactions. However, this model did not predict the abrupt change in the decay rate at long times, which was observed for samples of both 8.0 and 5.5 nm particles below a threshold temperature.
[Experiences in dermatologic practice with combined external treatment of acne with benzoyl peroxide and erythromycin]. (1984)

Fifty patients consulting my dermatologic practice because of facial papulopustular acne varying from grade I up to grade IV (according to Plewig and Kligman) have been treated with benzoyl peroxide and erythromycin. The more severe cases (grades III and IV) received additional treatment, such as tetracycline or cyproterone acetate internally and/or, externally, removal of comedones as well as UV-A-radiation. As a result, 68 percent of all patients showed remission in at least 70 percent of their inflammatory skin eruptions.
Automatic White Balancing via Gray Surface Identification (2007)

The key to automatic white balancing of digital imagery is to estimate accurately the color of the overall scene illumination. Many methods for estimating the illumination's color have been proposed [1-6]. Although not the most accurate, one of the simplest and quite widely used methods is the gray world algorithm [6]. Borrowing on some of the strengths and simplicity of the gray world algorithm, we introduce a modification of it that significantly improves on its performance while adding little to its complexity.
Studies of the Insulin-like Actions of Thiols upon Isolated Fat Cells (1970)

Abstract Insulin or one of the following compounds—l-cysteine, reduced glutathione, 2-mercaptoethanol, or dithiothreitol—was incubated with isolated fat cells or broken fat cells from rats. In a concentration range of 0.01 to 1 mm, these effects of thiols resembled those of insulin: (a) partial suppression of lipolysis induced by epinephrine, the degree of inhibition being inversely related to the concentration of epinephrine, (b) increase of glucose utilization, with preferential utilization of glucose carbon for fatty acid synthesis and the pentose cycle, and (c) stimulation of glucose metabolism in intact, but not broken, cells. The insulin-like effects of thiols were related to their content of sulfhydryl residues. The dose-response relationships for the effects of thiols on glucose oxidation and lipolysis were parallel to those for insulin action. The effects of submaximal concentrations of insulin and cysteine together, on glucose metabolism and lipolysis, were additive. Stimulation of glucose metabolism by a supramaximal concentration of insulin (1000 µunits per ml) was not further augmented by the presence of cysteine (0.5 mm) together with the insulin. However, in the presence of 0.56 µm epinephrine, lipolysis was more strongly inhibited by insulin alone (1000 µunits per ml) than by 0.5 mm cysteine together with the insulin. In concentrations greater than 10 mm, thiols suppressed lipolysis to a greater degree than did insulin, in the presence of high concentrations of epinephrine together with caffeine. These concentrations of thiols also profoundly decreased utilization of glucose by both intact and broken cells. The thiols, in the lower concentration range, may share with insulin a common pathway of action. In higher concentrations, the thiols apparently acted at some other site (or sites).
The polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) requirement for internal initiation of translation of cardiovirus RNAs is conditional rather than absolute (1998)

Picornavirus RNAs are translated by an unusual mechanism of internal ribosome entry that requires a substantial segment of the viral 5'-untranslated region, generally known as the internal ribosome entry segment (IRES), and in some circumstances may require cellular trans-acting proteins, particularly polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB). It is shown here that for encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), the PTB dependence of IRES function in vitro is determined partly by the nature of the reporter cistron, and more especially by the size of an A-rich bulge in the IRES. With a wild-type EMCV IRES (which has a bulge of 6 As), translation is effectively independent of PTB provided the IRES is driving the synthesis of EMCV viral polyprotein. With an enlarged (7A) bulge and heterologous reporters, translation is highly dependent on PTB. Intermediate levels of PTB dependence are seen with a 7A bulge IRES driving viral polyprotein synthesis or a wild-type (6A) bulge IRES linked to a heterologous reporter. None of these parameters influenced the binding of PTB to the high-affinity site in the IRES. These results argue that PTB is not an essential and universal internal initiation factor, but, rather, that when it is required, its binding to the IRES helps to maintain the appropriate higher-order structure and to reverse distortions caused, for example, by an enlarged A-rich bulge.
Estimation of isozymes of microsomal cytochrome P-450 in rats, rabbits, and humans using immunochemical staining coupled with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleEstimation of isozymes of microsomal cytochrome P-450 in rats, rabbits, and humans using immunochemical staining coupled with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresisF. Peter Guengerich, Philip Wang, and Nancy K. DavidsonCite this: Biochemistry 1982, 21, 7, 1698–1706Publication Date (Print):March 30, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 30 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00536a035https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00536a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views257Altmetric-Citations341LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Investigation of Natural Gas Hydrates in Various Drilling Fluids (1989)

ABSTRACT This paper presents laboratory-derived equilibrium temperature and pressure data for gas hydrates in drilling fluids. Data are included for lime, sea-water gyp, polymer and dispersed muds with varying salt concentrations, as well as several experimental fluids. Equilibrium curves to determine salt requirements in deep-water drilling muds also are included.
Contact Angle and Stability of Interfacial Nanobubbles (2009)

Small bubbles of gas are known to exist at the interface between hydrophobic solids and water. Two features of these bubbles are unexplained: the very low contact angle and the stability. A self-consistent explanation of both of these effects is that there is a film of contaminant at the air-water interface that decreases the surface tension and thus the contact angle, and also hinders diffusion of gases from the bubble, thereby increasing the lifetime. If, during the lifetime of the bubble, the surface tension increases faster than the area of the air-water decreases, the interfacial energy can lead to a stabilization of the bubbles.
Study on Pulp Grade of Iron Ore Concentrate by Monte Carlo (2020)

When energy distribution X-ray fluorescence analysis method (EDXRF) is used to measure the pulp grade of iron concentrate, the parameters such as the location of radioactive source, detector, the particle size of the iron concentrate, and the concentration of the iron concentrate slurry, etc. have a greater influence on the measurement results. In order to more accurately measure the grade of iron ore pulp, the Monte Carlo method was used to study the different pulp grades of samples of the iron ore concentrate under different conditions such as the location of radioactive source, detector, the particle size of the iron concentrate, and the concentration of the iron concentrate slurry. By studying the relationship between different influencing factors and counting rate, the error of the actual measurement time and the pulp grade of iron concentrate can be reduced. The pulp grade of iron concentrate is improved, and the in-situ EDXRF analysis of iron concentrate slurry is more in line with the actual grade.
Polypeptide-Mediated Silica Growth on Indium Tin Oxide Surfaces (2004)

Herein, we describe the formation of silica structures on indium tin oxide (ITO) surfaces using poly-L-lysine (PLL) to template the condensation of silicic acid. Precisely controlled electrostatic fields were used to preposition PLL onto ITO surfaces. Subsequent polypeptide-mediated silicification resulted in the formation of silica with concentration gradients that followed the pattern of the externally applied electrostatic field used in the deposition of the PLL. The resulting silica structures were securely attached to the ITO surface. The technique described here offers an inexpensive and rapid method for the deposition of polypeptides on surfaces.
Fault tolerance in collaborative sensor networks for target detection (2004)

Collaboration in sensor networks must be fault-tolerant due to the harsh environmental conditions in which such networks can be deployed. We focus on finding algorithms for collaborative target detection that are efficient in terms of communication cost, precision, accuracy, and number of faulty sensors tolerable in the network. Two algorithms, namely, value fusion and decision fusion, are identified first. When comparing their performance and communication overhead, decision fusion is found to become superior to value fusion as the ratio of faulty sensors to fault free sensors increases. As robust data fusion requires agreement among nodes in the network, an analysis of fully distributed and hierarchical agreement is also presented. The impact of hierarchical agreement on communication cost and system failure probability is evaluated and a method for determining the number of tolerable faults is identified.
Multi-User Communication using Chaotic Frequency Modulation (2001)

In this paper we consider the use of the chaotic frequency modulation (CFM) in multi-user communications. In this scheme the base station transmits the reference signal with chaotically varying frequency. All users synchronize their chaotic oscillators to this signal and use it to generate their own information-carrying CFM signal. Using numerical simulations and experiments with electronic circuits we evaluate the BER performance of CFM.
Accuracy of Area Measurements Made from MR Images Compared with Computed Tomography (1986)

The accuracy of area measurements made on magnetic resonance (MR) and CT images with clinical general purpose scanners was compared using automatic boundary detection. Both backprojection and two-dimensional Fourier transform reconstruction were used with several pulse sequences for the MR images. Several phantoms were scanned with different receiver coils and image matrices. Errors caused by grey level variation in MR images can be reduced using local edge detection. The estimated values varied with the sequence, reconstruction algorithm, and the area under investigation. Magnetic resonance area measurements should be interpreted with caution.