gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultra Low NOx Emissions for Gas and Liquid Fuels Using Radial Swirlers (1989)

Curved blade radial swirlers using all the primary air were investigated with applications to lean burning gas turbine combustor primary zones with low NOx emissions. Two modes of fuel injection were compared, central and radial swirler pássage injection for gaseous and liquid fuels. Both fuel systems produced low NOx emissions but the upstream mixing in the swirler passages resulted in ultra low NOx emissions. A 140mm diameter atmospheric pressure combustor was used with 43% of the combustor air flow into the primary zone through the radial swirler. Radial gas composition measurements at various axial distances were made and these showed that the flame stability and NOx emissions were controlled by differences in local mixing at the base of the swirling shear layer downstream of the swirler outlet. For radial passage fuel injection it was found that a very high combustion efficiency was obtained for both propane and liquid fuels at 400K and 600K inlet temperatures. The flame stability, although worse than for central fuel injection was considerably better than for a premixed system. The NOx emissions at one bar pressure and 600K inlet temperature, compatible with a high combustion efficiency, for propane and kerosene were 3 and 6 ppm at 15% oxygen. For Gas Oil the NOx emissions were higher, but were still very low at 12ppm. Assuming a square root dependence of NOx on pressure these results indicate that NOx emissions of 48ppm for Gas Oil and less than 12ppm for gaseous fuels could be achieved at 16 bar pressure, which is typical of recent industrial gas turbines. High air flow radial swirlers with passage fuel injection have the potential for a dry solution to the NOx emissions regulations.
Polycondensation of Thermal Precursors of Aspartic Acid<sup>1</sup> (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolycondensation of Thermal Precursors of Aspartic Acid1KAORU HARADACite this: J. Org. Chem. 1959, 24, 11, 1662–1666Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01093a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01093a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Memory enhancement in healthy older adults using a brain plasticity-based training program: A randomized, controlled study (2006)

Normal aging is associated with progressive functional losses in perception, cognition, and memory. Although the root causes of age-related cognitive decline are incompletely understood, psychophysical and neuropsychological evidence suggests that a significant contribution stems from poorer signal-to-noise conditions and down-regulated neuromodulatory system function in older brains. Because the brain retains a lifelong capacity for plasticity and adaptive reorganization, dimensions of negative reorganization should be at least partially reversible through the use of an appropriately designed training program. We report here results from such a training program targeting age-related cognitive decline. Data from a randomized, controlled trial using standardized measures of neuropsychological function as outcomes are presented. Significant improvements in assessments directly related to the training tasks and significant generalization of improvements to nonrelated standardized neuropsychological measures of memory (effect size of 0.25) were documented in the group using the training program. Memory enhancement appeared to be sustained after a 3-month no-contact follow-up period. Matched active control and no-contact control groups showed no significant change in memory function after training or at the 3-month follow-up. This study demonstrates that intensive, plasticity-engaging training can result in an enhancement of cognitive function in normal mature adults.
SELFCON: An architecture for self-configuration of networks (2001)

Traditional configuration management involves complex labor-intensive processes performed by experts. The configuration tasks such as installing or reconfiguring a system, provisioning network services and allocating resources typically involve a large number of activities involving multiple network elements. The network elements may be associated with proprietary configuration management instrumentation and may also be spread across heterogeneous network domains thereby increasing the complexity of configuration management. This paper introduces an architecture for the self-configuration of networks (SELFCON). The proposed architecture involves a directory server, which is used to maintain configuration information. The configuration information stored in the directory server is modeled using the standard DEN specification thereby allowing effective exchange of network, system and configuration management data among heterogeneous management domains. SELFCON associates configuration intelligence with the components of the network, rather than limit it to a centralized management station. The network elements are notified about related changes in configuration policies, based upon which, they perform self-configuration. SELFCON is able to provide automation of configuration management and also an effective unifying framework for enterprise management.
Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Associates with Insulin Receptor and Negatively Regulates Insulin Signaling without Receptor Internalization (2004)

Phosphorylated platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor becomes internalized and then is dephosphorylated by protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 1B at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, it remains unclear where PTP1B dephosphorylates insulin receptor and inhibits its activity. To clarify how and where PTP1B could interact with insulin receptor, we overexpressed a phosphatase-inactive mutant, PTP1BC/S, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Although PDGF receptor was maximally associated with PTP1BC/S at 30 min after PDGF stimulation, the maximal association of insulin receptor with PTP1BC/S was attained at 5 min after insulin stimulation. Furthermore, dansylcadaverine, a blocker of receptor internalization, inhibited this PDGF-induced association of PTP1BC/S with its receptor. However, dansylcadaverine did not affect the insulin-stimulated association of PTP1BC/S with insulin receptor, as well as dephosphorylation of insulin receptor by PTP1B. These results indicate that PTP1B might interact with insulin receptor and deactivate it without internalization. Finally, we overexpressed the wild-type and cytosolic-form of PTP1B to determine the role of ER-anchoring of PTP1B, and found that both inhibited insulin signaling equally. Thus, our data indicate that localization of PTP1B at the ER is not needed for insulin receptor dephosphorylation by PTP1B.
Towards Security-Aware Mutation Testing (2017)

Mutation analysis forms a popular software analysis technique that has been demonstrated to be useful in supporting multiple software engineering activities. Yet, the use of mutation analysis in tackling security issues has received little attention. In view of this, we design security aware mutation operators to support mutation analysis. Using a known set of common security vulnerability patterns, we introduce 15 security-aware mutation operators for Java. We then implement them in the PIT mutation engine and evaluate them. Our preliminary results demonstrate that standard PIT operators are unlikely to introduce vulnerabilities similar to ours. We also show that our security-aware mutation operators are indeed applicable and prevalent on open source projects, providing evidence that mutation analysis can support security testing activities.
Surface Reconstruction for Computer Vision-Based Craniofacial Surgery (2005)

High-energy traumatic impact of the craniofacial skeleton is an inevitable consequence of today's fast paced society. The work presented in the paper addresses the problem of craniofacial reconstruction using two popular surface matching algorithms namely the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm and the data aligned rigidity constrained exhaustive search (DARCES) algorithm. The two algorithms are first applied individually and then in combination to achieve the desired reconstruction. The synergistic combination of the DARCES and ICP algorithms is found to yield higher reconstruction accuracy in much shorter execution time compared to the ICP algorithm used in isolation. The local surface irregularities on the fracture surfaces are exploited using a fuzzy set theoretic approach and a curvature-based method. Incorporation of the knowledge of the surface irregularities by means of two reward-penalty schemes in the hybrid DARCES-ICP algorithm is shown to result in robust and accurate surface reconstruction. Experimental results on computer tomography (CT) image data obtained from fractured human mandibles are presented.
The energy required to produce materials: constraints on energy-intensity improvements, parameters of demand (2013)

In this paper, we review the energy requirements to make materials on a global scale by focusing on the five construction materials that dominate energy used in material production: steel, cement, paper, plastics and aluminium. We then estimate the possibility of reducing absolute material production energy by half, while doubling production from the present to 2050. The goal therefore is a 75 per cent reduction in energy intensity. Four technology-based strategies are investigated, regardless of cost: (i) widespread application of best available technology (BAT), (ii) BAT to cutting-edge technologies, (iii) aggressive recycling and finally, and (iv) significant improvements in recycling technologies. Taken together, these aggressive strategies could produce impressive gains, of the order of a 50-56 per cent reduction in energy intensity, but this is still short of our goal of a 75 per cent reduction. Ultimately, we face fundamental thermodynamic as well as practical constraints on our ability to improve the energy intensity of material production. A strategy to reduce demand by providing material services with less material (called 'material efficiency') is outlined as an approach to solving this dilemma.
Temperature and pH Dependence of Fluorescein Binding within the Monoclonal Antibody 9-40 Active Site as Monitored by Hydrostatic Pressure (1996)

In a comparative study, the thermodynamic parameter, ΔV, was obtained using hydrostatic pressure-induced dissociation of fluorescein (Fl) from the active site of monoclonal antibody (mAb) 9-40 and its mutant and native derivatives equilibrated at six pH values (8.0, 7.5, 7.0, 6.5, 6.0, and 5.5) and four temperatures (35, 25, 15, and 5°C). mAb 9-40 and its Fab and single-chain Fv (scFv) derivatives at pH 8.0 were found to have identical Fl dissociation behavior under pressure as a function of temperature. The pressure dissociation at 25°C as a function of pH showed a sigmoidal dependence of ΔV with a midpoint value at pH 7.4 for mAb 9-40. Comparison of experimental results for scFv 9-40/212 with its mutant scFv 9-40/212Arg-34L indicated that the pH dependence of mAb 9-40 was due to the titration of His-34L in the active site. Iodide quenching of bound Fl showed that the hapten in this active site was solvent accessible. Imperfect packing, which leads to increased conformational dynamics, was determined as a possible cause of the low affinity for mAb 9-40. In a comparative study, the thermodynamic parameter, ΔV, was obtained using hydrostatic pressure-induced dissociation of fluorescein (Fl) from the active site of monoclonal antibody (mAb) 9-40 and its mutant and native derivatives equilibrated at six pH values (8.0, 7.5, 7.0, 6.5, 6.0, and 5.5) and four temperatures (35, 25, 15, and 5°C). mAb 9-40 and its Fab and single-chain Fv (scFv) derivatives at pH 8.0 were found to have identical Fl dissociation behavior under pressure as a function of temperature. The pressure dissociation at 25°C as a function of pH showed a sigmoidal dependence of ΔV with a midpoint value at pH 7.4 for mAb 9-40. Comparison of experimental results for scFv 9-40/212 with its mutant scFv 9-40/212Arg-34L indicated that the pH dependence of mAb 9-40 was due to the titration of His-34L in the active site. Iodide quenching of bound Fl showed that the hapten in this active site was solvent accessible. Imperfect packing, which leads to increased conformational dynamics, was determined as a possible cause of the low affinity for mAb 9-40.
Reading Multimodal Texts in the 21st Century. (2012)

Discussions concerning which literacy skills will be required of students in the 21st century have appeared in numerous educational publications recently and have been greeted with mixed reactions (Bellanca & Brandt, 2010; Trilling & Fadel, 2009). It has been proposed that the skills necessary to be a literate citizen in the new millennium have expanded from simply being able to read and write printed text to being able to consume and produce a variety of texts across traditional and new technologies and working in digital and mobile environments (Kress, 2010; Lankshear & Knobel, 2006; Luke, 1995). What needs to be emphasized in these discussions are the challenges associated with the visual and multimodal aspects of the texts readers will encounter. As the texts readers encounter grow in complexity, shifting from monomodal to multimodal, and are distributed in digital forms in addition to traditional print-based forms, the requisite skills readers will draw upon needs to expand to handle the demands of these new texts (Serafini, 2010). The texts readers encounter in and out of school are usually accompanied by visual images and design elements in addition to printed text. Readers interact with print-based texts that contain multimodal elements, for example, picturebooks, informational texts, magazines and newspapers, as well as digitally based texts that contain hyperlinks, video images, music, sound effects, and graphic designs. Paul Duncum (2004) stated, “... there is no avoiding the multimodal nature of dominant and emerging cultural sites” (p. 259). Images and texts are being combined in unique ways, and readers in the new millennium will need new skills and strategies for constructing meaning in transaction with these multimodal texts as they are encountered both in and out of school settings (Serafini, 2009b). While print-based reading materials in the form of basal readers, children’s picturebooks and novels, writer’s notebooks, and commercial worksheets have dominated classroom reading instruction (Allington & Walmsley, 1995), the texts readers encounter As the world told becomes the world shown, the texts of the 21st century will require teachers to adopt new skills, strategies, and pedagogical frameworks to support students’ transactions with multimodal texts. This shift from a focus on monomodal, print-based texts to a focus on the skills necessary for producing and consuming multimodal texts requires readers to navigate, design, interpret, and analyze texts in more complex and interactive ways. As the texts readers encounter grow in complexity, shifting from monomodal structures to multimodal ensembles, and are distributed in digital forms in addition to traditional print-based texts, the requisite skills readers draw upon will need to expand to handle the demands of these new texts and experiences.
Influence of VDT monitor positions on discomfort and performance of users with or without bifocal lenses. (1998)

The difficulty of video display terminal users with bifocal lenses through a traditional workstation increases the complaints and risks for upper extremity cumulative trauma disorders. Furthermore, the regular and no lens users also have problems with traditionally designed workstations over prolonged periods of video display terminal use. A study was conducted on 14 subjects to investigate the effect of computer monitor location for video display terminal users with or without bifocals on subjective assessment and performance. The two monitor locations were 15 degrees and 40 degrees below horizontal eye level. The experimental task consisted of reading words from computer screens and typing them from the reverse side to the next column. Each experimental session lasted one hour. Males with bifocal lenses had less discomfort in the neck, shoulders, forearms, and wrists, less tiredness and eyestrain and higher performance with a 40 degrees angle monitor than with a 15 degrees angle monitor. A similar conclusion has been reached for females. Users with bifocal lenses had significantly higher neck discomfort and lower performance than nonbifocal users. The 40 degrees angle monitor caused less neck discomfort than the 15 degrees angle monitor did. Overall, females had less physical discomfort, less tiredness, and higher performance than males.
Reactions of the Diiron Enzyme Stearoyl‐Acyl Carrier Protein Desaturase (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Diffraction grating couplers milled in Si3N4 rib waveguides with a focused ion beam (2005)

Focused ion beam milling is a processing technology which allows flexible direct writing of nanometer scale features efficiently substituting electron beam lithography. No mask need results in ability for patterns writing even on fragile micromechanical devices. In this work we studied the abilities of the tool for fabrication of diffraction grating couplers in silicon nitride waveguides. The gratings were fabricated on a chip with extra fragile cantilevers of sub micron thickness. Optical characterization of the couplers was done using excitation of the waveguides in visible range by focused Gaussian beams of different waist sizes. Influence of Ga+ implantation on the device performance was studied.
The Electrocardiogram in Duchenne Progressive Muscular Dystrophy (1968)

Interpretation of the electrocardiogram in the Duchenne form of progressive muscular dystrophy (PMD) is still debated in the literature. The group studied consisted of 106 patients with the Duchenne type of PMD, aged 3 to 29 years. The duration of the disease varied from a few months to 15 years. One hundred one patients had abnormal electrocardiograms. These were of four types: type a (64 cases) showed tall R waves in V 1 and deep Q waves in V 4-6 ; type b (24 cases), RSr' and deep Q waves in V 5-6 ; and type c (13 cases), polyphasic R waves in V 1 . The view that the electrocardiographic abnormalities in Duchenne dystrophy are a manifestation of the dystrophic process in the myocardium is discussed. The authors' material, however, failed to support this view but did support the view that the electrocardiographic abnormalities have an heredofamilial character.
bFGF‐loaded HA‐chitosan: A promising scaffold for periodontal tissue engineering (2009)

A scaffold containing growth factors promoting regeneration may be a useful device to maintain periodontal regeneration when applied with appropriate cells. The aim of this study is to evaluate the convenience of chitosan and hydroxyapatite (HA)-chitosan scaffolds loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) for periodontal tissue engineering applications. Scaffolds were fabricated by freeze-drying technique using 2 and 3% chitosan gel in the absence or presence of HA particles. Addition of HA beads to chitosan gels produced a novel scaffold in which the pore sizes and interconnectivity were preserved. The scaffolds were loaded with 100 ng bFGF by embedding technique. HA-chitosan scaffolds provide better controlled release kinetics for bFGF compared with chitosan scaffolds and total release continued up to 168 h. Cell culture studies were carried out with periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and cementoblasts. Both 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and confocal laser scanning microscope analysis revealed cells proliferating inside the scaffolds. The results demonstrated that bFGF-loaded HA-chitosan scaffolds provide a suitable three-dimensional environment supporting the cellular structure, proliferation, and mineralization.
Cloning and characterization of an up-regulated GA 20-oxidase gene in hybrid maize (2008)

Previous studies revealed that GA content and metabolism are positively correlated with a faster shoot growth rate of hybrid, and recently, genes participating in both GA biosynthesis and GA response pathways were also found to be differentially expressed between wheat hybrid and its parental inbreds. In this study, an up-regulated GA 20-oxidase gene in a maize hybrid, designated ZmGA20, was cloned. ZmGA20 contains an open reading frame (ORF) encoding 391 amino acid residues. BLASTX searches in GenBank revealed that the ZmGA20 is homologous to the sequences of GA20ox proteins from different species, and analysis also indicated that ZmGA20 had typical features of GA 20-oxidase proteins, including a “LPWKET” sequence. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that ZmGA20 was expressed in different tissues and/or organs. The expression level of ZmGA20 in the hybrid was higher than that in two parents (in roots, leaves, stems and embryo, and ears). The abundance of ZmGA20 transcript was equal to that of the highly expressed parents, which provided molecular evidence for the observed GA content heterosis in maize hybrids.
A HIGH PERFORMANCE AC ELECTRIC DRIVE SYSTEM (1967)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The recent advance in power handling capacity of semiconductor devices makes it possible to replace DC and AC commutator machines for variable speed applications by high-speed, light-weight, squirrel-cage induction motors. This paper describes the development of a high-performance electric drive system which uses squirrel-cage induction motors in which slip frequency is externally controlled. This makes it suitable for traction applications. Two systems were specifically built for installation in a battery-powered automobile and a fuel-cell powered delivery truck. The performance of these vehicles has proven the technical feasibility of an electric powered vehicle.</div>
Third Order Nonlinear Optical Molecules And The Two-Level Model (1990)

A new quadratic electrooptic ( QEO ) measuring method is used to measure polymer thin film solutions of dye compounds. The molecular |Reγ| , the real part of the microscopic electronic third order nonlinear susceptibility, is reported for several previously unmeasured molecules. Data analysis is attempted using a two-level model.
A Multicenter Randomized Masked Comparison Trial of Synthetic Surfactant Versus Calf Lung Surfactant Extract in the Prevention of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (1997)

Significant reductions in the incidence of RDS, the severity of early respiratory disease, the incidence of pulmonary air leaks associated with RDS, and the mortality attributable to RDS suggest that Infasurf is a more effective surfactant preparation than Exosurf Neonatal in the prophylaxis of RDS. However, Infasurf prophylaxis as used in this study was also associated with a greater risk of total but not severe IVH.