gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-order harmonic generation in crossed laser beams (2003)

We investigate laser high-order harmonic generation in the presence of interfering light. A relatively weak interfering pulse intersects the primary harmonic-generating laser pulse at the focus. The influence on the harmonic-generation process is studied at near-counterpropagating and at perpendicular angles. The interfering beam creates a standing intensity and phase modulation, which disrupts microscopic phase matching and shuts down local high-harmonic production. Simple quasi-phase matching is demonstrated in which the interfering light disrupts harmonic generation in a portion of the laser focus. Under poor phase-matching conditions, perpendicularly propagating light is shown to enhance the 23rd harmonic generated in argon.
Structures of dictyodial and dictyolactone, unusual marine diterpenoids (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructures of dictyodial and dictyolactone, unusual marine diterpenoidsJanet Finer, Jon Clardy, William Fenical, L. Minale, R. Riccio, Julian Battaile, Michael Kirkup, and Richard E. MooreCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 12, 2044–2047Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01326a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01326a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views360Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The Language of God: Understanding the Qur'an (2001)

The faith of Islam, one of the three great "Abrahamic" religions, as they might be called, is closely akin to the other two, Judaism and Christianity. It is tightly bound to and thoroughly permeated by its holy book, the Qur'an. Strangely, though, despite the historical and contemporary importance of Islam and despite Islam's kinship with the faith that has dominated Western civilization, neither Islam in general nor the Qur'an in particular is well known in the West. Nor do Westerners typically know very much about the founder of Islam, the Prophet Muhammad. Yet the story of Muhammad is a dramatic one, and Islam, fascinating in its own right, is both sufficiently different from Christianity and sufficiently similar to allow its study to throw intriguing light upon the faith even of non-Muslims who devote themselves to the subject. Much in the way that the study of a second language may enable students to better understand their own, reflection upon Islam, I am convinced, can profit Jews and Christians as well as Muslims.
Additive Interaction Between the Renin-Angiotensin System and Lipid Metabolism for Cancer in Type 2 Diabetes (2009)

Combined use of RAS inhibitors and statins may act synergistically to reduce cancer risk, possibly via HMGCR and IGF-1 signaling pathways in high-risk conditions such as type 2 diabetes.
Mycobactericidal Activity of Sutezolid (PNU-100480) in Sputum (EBA) and Blood (WBA) of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis (2014)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01225640.
WOFOST: a simulation model of crop production (1989)

Abstract. The WOFOST simulation model is a tool for analysing the growth and production of field crops under a wide range of weather and soil conditions. Such an analysis is important first to assess to what extent crop production is limited by the factors of light, moisture and macro‐nutrients, and second to estimate what improvements are possible. The theoretical concept of a production situation, as modelled by WOFOST, is explained, as is the hierarchy of potential production and water‐limited and nutrient‐limited production situations in the analysis. The organization of the computer files in the model, the structure of the FORTRAN source program and the available standard sets of data are described briefly.
Overlapped Decoding for a Class of Quasi-Cyclic LDPC Codes (2004)

In low-density parity-check (LDPC) code decoding with the iterative sum-product algorithm (SPA), due to the randomness of the parity-check matrix, H, the overlapping of the check node processing unit (CNU) and variable node processing unit (VNU) in the same clock cycle is difficult. The paper demonstrates that overlapped decoding can be exploited as long as the LDPC matrix is composed of identity matrices and their cyclic-shifted matrices, i.e., the parity-check matrix, H, belongs to a class of quasi-cyclic LDPC codes. It is shown that the number of clock cycles required for decoding can be reduced by 50% when overlapped decoding is applied to a (3,6)-regular LDPC code decoder.
Alive human body detection system using an autonomous mobile rescue robot (2011)

In this paper, a new approach for detecting alive humans in destructed environments using an autonomous robot is proposed. Human detection in an unmanned area can be done only by an automated system. Alive human body detection system proposed a monitoring system using ultrasonic sensors and camera to record, transmit and analyze conditions of human body. The task of identify human being in rescue operations is difficult for the robotic agent but it is simple for the human agent. In order to detect a human body, an autonomous robot must be equipped with a specific set of sensors that provide information about the presence of a person in the environment around. This work describes an autonomous robot for rescue operations. The proposed system uses an ultrasonic sensor in order to detect the existence of living humans and a low-cost camera in order to acquire a video of the scene as needed. Additional, other sensors include temperature, fire and metal detector works as bomb sensor to detect the presence of bomb in Warfield and in rescue operations. Having detected a sign of a living human, the ultrasonic sensor Triggers the camera to show live scene. The video is then displayed on the screen. This approach requires a relatively small number of data to be acquired and processed during the rescue operation. This way, the real-time cost of processing and data transmission is considerably reduced. This system has the potential to achieve high performance in detecting alive humans in devastated environments relatively quickly and cost-effectively. The detection depending on a number of factors such as the body position and the light intensity of the scene. Results show that the system provides an efficient way to track human motion. The aim of this article is to present our experience with various sensors designed and developed.
Total protein in common duct bile measured by acetonitrile precipitation and a micro bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method (1993)

Bile protein assays are complicated due to interference by other bile substances. In the present study we describe a microtiter plate method for the purification and quantification of bile proteins. The method is based on addition of acetonitrile in three steps to reconstituted freeze-dried bile, followed by ethanol washing of the precipitated proteins. Finally, protein in the precipitate is quantitated by two-point colour development using micro BCA reagents. Overall recoveries of protein in reconstituted bile spiked with exogenous protein (Seronorm) ranged from 91.0% (coefficient of variation; CV = 7.0%) to 97.1% (CV = 2.4%) by recoveries of 125I-Fibrinogen and 125I-Albumin. Bile pigments were largely removed during precipitation and washing, as verified by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Preferably the samples should be freeze-dried initially, as this lowered the blank readings. Two-point colour development with the BCA reagents were identical for standards assayed directly and standards added to protein depleted bile, and processed through all steps. Hence, no interference by either residual bile constituents nor the reagents upon the BCA protein assay could be detected. Standard curves ranged from 0.05 to 5.0 gl-1 (r > 0.98). Within day reproducibility (n = 15) was 7.8% (CV) and day to day (n = 10) was 12.1% (CV). Mean protein concentration in common duct bile from 30 patients was 1.20 gl-1 (range 0.34-3.87 gl-1). The method appears suitable for assay of bile protein, requires only limited sample volumes and allows processing of many samples within a short time.
Expression of integrins by human periodontal ligament and gingival fibroblasts and their involvement in fibroblast adhesion to enamel matrix‐derived proteins (2002)

We showed recently that human periodontal ligament (PDL) and gingival fibroblasts adhere and spread on enamel matrix protein (EMP) coatings. In the present study, we investigated whether this interaction can be attributed to integrin expression. Human PDL and gingival fibroblasts were cultured for periods up to 24 h on EMP coatings, in the presence of synthetic RGD-containing peptide or an antibody against the beta1 integrin subunit. The cells were first cultured for 24 h under serum-free conditions and then cultured on EMP coatings for 48 h. Integrin expression levels were assessed by flow cytometry analysis. It was found that attachment and spreading on EMP was inhibited by the synthetic RGD-containing peptide, but not by a synthetic RGE-peptide. Both PDL and gingival fibroblasts showed expression of the integrin subunits, alpha2, alpha5, beta1, and the integrin, alphavbeta3. Incubation with an antibody against the beta1 subunit significantly inhibited the attachment and spreading of PDL and gingival fibroblasts on EMP coatings. We conclude that integrins are involved in the interaction of PDL and gingival fibroblasts with EMP.
Muscarinic (m2/m4) receptors reduce N- and P-type Ca2+ currents in rat neostriatal cholinergic interneurons through a fast, membrane- delimited, G-protein pathway (1996)

The signaling pathways mediating the muscarinic modulation of Ca2+ currents in neostriatal cholinergic interneurons were studied by combined patch-clamp recording and single-cell reverse transcription-PCR. Cholinergic interneurons were identified by the presence of choline acetyltransferase mRNA. These neurons expressed Q-, N-, L-, P-, and R-type Ca2+ currents and the mRNA for the alpha1 subunits believed to form the channels underlying these currents (classes A, B, C, D, and E). Of the interneurons tested, nearly all expressed M2-class (m2, m4) receptor mRNAs, whereas m1 receptor mRNA was found in only a subset (approximately 30%) of the sample. The muscarinic agonist oxotremorine methiodide produced a dose-dependent reduction of N- and P-type Ba2+ currents through Ca2+ channels that was antagonized by atropine. N-ethylmaleimide eliminated the modulation, as did preincubation with pertussis toxin. The onset and offset of the modulation were rapid and dose-dependent. The modulation was also attenuated by strong depolarizing prepulses and was not observed in cell-attached membrane patches. Taken together, our results suggest that activation of M2-class muscarinic receptors in cholinergic interneurons reduces N- and P-type Ca2+ currents through a membrane-delimited pathway using a Gi/o-class G-protein. This signaling pathway provides a cellular mechanism for hetero- and homosynaptic control of interneuronal activity and acetylcholine release in the striatum.
Automated wildlife monitoring using self-configuring sensor networks deployed in natural habitats (2007)

To understand the complex interactions among animals within an ecosystem, biologists need to be able to track their location and social interactions. There are a variety of factors that make this difficult. We propose using adaptive, embedded networked sensing technologies to develop an efficient means for wildlife monitoring. This paper surveys our research; we demonstrate how a self-organizing system can efficiently conduct real-time acoustic source detection and localization using distributed embedded devices.
961. E1B-55 kD-Deleted Adenovirus Driven by Murine Oct-3/4 Promoter for Bladder Cancer Therapy (2004)

Background: Preimplantation embryonic cells are similar in phenotype to cancer cells. Both types of cell proliferation resemble stem cell state and become potentially immortal and invasive. Therefore, the embryonic genes may be re-expressed in cancer cells. We have found that transcription factor Oct-3/4 that are specifically expressed in embryonic stem cells is expressed in murine bladder tumor cells but not in normal somatic cells. Therefore, Oct-3/4 is an attractive target for tumor-specific gene therapy. Conditionally replicative adenovirus is an attractive anticancer agent as it can selectively replicate in tumor cells. One of the strategies to achieve tumor-selective replication of viruses is to use tumor-specific promoters to control the expression of essential viral genes.
Testbed for Node Communication in MANETs to Uniformly Cover Unknown Geographical Terrain Using Genetic Algorithms (2009)

Majority of research in wireless ad-hoc networks is based on software tools simulating network environment under strictly controlled conditions, mainly due to its extreme cost, difficulty of adapting real-time topological changes in the environment and complexity of implementing a realistic testbed. In this paper, we present a testbed with real wireless task-oriented autonomous MANET based on VxWorks RTOS platform using Xilinx ML310 development boards with Virtex-II Pro FPGA devices and integrated gumstix/iRobot platform running embedded linux, as well as off-the-shelf laptops and desktops. As an example experiment, we consider the task of uniformly covering an unknown geographical terrain using autonomous MANET nodes with a limited communication range, which has many military missions such as search and rescue missions, surveillance tasks, locating and mapping chemical, and biological hazards. To achieve this objective, mobile nodes exchange one-hop neighbor information to decide their speed and directions without any central coordinator. Each node runs a genetic algorithm (GA) to select fitter speed and direction among an exponentially large number of choices for a better convergence toward a uniform distribution. The testbed experiments provide an effective research tool to demonstrate that our GA delivers acceptable network area coverage.
Studies on δ-FeOOH I. Chemica l Constitution of δ-FeOOH (1964)

本研究は,Fe(OH)2(水酸化鉄(II))を過酸化水素水により急激に湿式酸化して得られるδ-FeOOH(δ-オキシ水酸化鉄)の化学組成を,できるだけ正確に求めることを目的としている。化学分析値と赤外吸収図形の検討により,実際に得られたδ-FeOOH試料は,おもにFe3+,O2-そしてOH-および微量のNa+と吸着水分などからなることがわかった。そしてこの微量のNa+は,結晶に固溶していると推定した。製造条件の異なる試料の分析値を適確に表現できる示性式として,Fe1.0～0.984Na0～0.016O1.0～0.968OH1.0～1.032 が得られた。更に各試料毎の飽和磁化の測定値の差異は,純度や組成変化によるのではないと判断した。
Optimal robot plant planning using the minimum-time criterion (1988)

A path planning technique is presented which produces time-optimal manipulator motions in a workspace containing obstacles. The full nonlinear equations of motion are used in conjunction with the actuator limitations to produce optimal trajectories. The Cartesian path of the manipulator is represented with B-spline polynomials, and the shape of this path is varied in a manner that minimizes the traversal time. Obstacle avoidance constraints are included in the problem through the use of distance functions. In addition to computing the optimal path, the time-optimal open-loop joint forces and corresponding joint displacements are obtained as functions of time. The examples presented show a reduction in the time required for typical motions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Allogeneic H-2 antigen expression is insufficient for tumor rejection. (1987)

Murine A strain (KkDdLd) sarcoma I (SaI) tumor cells have been transfected with a cloned H-2Kb gene. The resulting clones (SKB clones) stably express high levels of a molecule that is serologically and biochemically indistinguishable from the H-2Kb antigen. SKB clones are not susceptible to cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated lysis by H-2Kb-specific bulk, cloned, or H-2Kb-restricted lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-specific effectors. Survival times of A/J and B10.A mice challenged i.p. with the H-2Kb-expressing transfectants and the parental SaI cells are similar, suggesting that the presence of an allogeneic major histocompatibility complex class I antigen on the surface of this tumor line is insufficient for tumor rejection.
Who Has Published What in East Asian Studies? An Analysis of Publishers and Publishing Trends (2007)

This study examines Western-language, particularly English-language, monographs on East Asian studies published in the United States, Canada, England, Australia, and other countries from 2000 through 2005. The study provides a landscape view of the scope and trends of publications for both scholars and librarians in East Asian studies. The data for this study were collected from the YBP’s GOBI (Global Online Bibliographic Information) database, covering publications profiled by YBP from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2005. The results of data analysis shed light on scholarly currents and publishing trends in East Asian studies over that six-year period.
La política exterior Colombiana en el marco de la internacionalización del conflicto armado Colombiano a partir de la década de los noventa (2007)

Esta monografia tiene como proposito establecer la relacion entre la internacionalizacion 
del conflicto armado domestico y la politica exterior colombiana, dos variables que antes parecian 
inconexas pero que en los anos noventa se convirtieron en un binomio que ha sido articulado por 
varios factores, a saber: el trafico de drogas ilicitas, la violacion de los derechos humanos y del 
Derecho Internacional Humanitario, y el desbordamiento del conflicto armado interno, entre otros, 
que hacen del estudio y del analisis del conflicto una empresa enorme.
Use of Scanning Electron Microscopy to Demonstrate Microbial Attachment to Beef and Beef Contact Surfaces (1982)

ABSTRACT Microorganisms present on fresh beef for stew were enumerated by Aerobic Plate Count (APC) using both rinse and maceration methods. Results showed a greater recovery of microorganisms with maceration than with rinse procedures. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques were used to examine the surface of the beef for stew to demonstrate the presence of microorganisms before and after rinsing. Sterile stainless steel chips (6 mm × 6 mm) were placed on both the unrinsed and rinsed beef surfaces. Contact was maintained at 4°C for 4 and 24 hr. The contacting surfaces of the stainless steel chips were examined by SEM. Transfer of microorganisms from the beef surface was seen in all cases with the organisms demonstrating clearly defined attachment fibrils. A reference experiment, using the same beef for stew and a culture of Pseudomonas fragi (ATCC 4793) was also carried out. Similar attachment fibrils were observed with the pseudomonad.
Comparative bioavailability of a dispersible formulation of diclofenac and finding of double plasma peaks. (1995)

We carried out a comparative study of the bioavailability of a typical, enteric-coated diclofenac with regard to a new dispersible formulation whose faster dissolution results in an earlier onset of its analgesic effect. This randomized, crossover study was conducted in 12 healthy male volunteers, who received in fasting 100 mg of enteric-coated diclofenac (Dolotrén, FAES) and 100 mg of dispersible diclofenac (Dolotrén Dispersable, FAES), with one-week interval between both. Blood samples were taken at pre-established times during the 24 hours after dosing, and plasma concentrations of diclofenac were determined by HPLC. Possible adverse experiences were monitored with a check-list, and blood and urinalysis were performed for safety assessment. The dispersible formulation showed a relative extent of bioavailability between 78% and 99% (90% CI) for the AUC0-infinity, being the 90% CI for the Cmax 63%-129%. The time to Cmax (Tmax) was significantly shorter with the dispersible than with the enteric-coated formulation (95% CI for the difference = 1.5-4.25 hours) as the T0(lag) or time to measurable plasma concentrations (1.9-4.2 hours, 95% CI). A relevant feature in the study was the finding of a second peak at 2-2.5 hours post-dosing in 7 out of 11 profiles of subjects receiving the dispersible formulation. Both formulations were well tolerated in clinical and laboratory terms. In conclusion, the new dispersible formulation of diclofenac allows absorption to begin more rapidly and plasma peak is reached earlier, a fact that may be relevant to the analgesic treatment of acute pain.
Ameliorative effects of β-sitosterol on some biochemical indices of hypertension in wistar albino rats. (2014)

The study shows that BSS is effective in restoring basal liver and kidney functions in hypertensive rats.
Collaborative filtering with privacy via factor analysis (2002)

Collaborative filtering (CF) is valuable in e-commerce, and for direct recommendations for music, movies, news etc. But today's systems have several disadvantages, including privacy risks. As we move toward ubiquitous computing, there is a great potential for individuals to share all kinds of information about places and things to do, see and buy, but the privacy risks are severe. In this paper we describe a new method for collaborative filtering which protects the privacy of individual data. The method is based on a probabilistic factor analysis model. Privacy protection is provided by a peer-to-peer protocol which is described elsewhere, but outlined in this paper. The factor analysis approach handles missing data without requiring default values for them. We give several experiments that suggest that this is most accurate method for CF to date. The new algorithm has other advantages in speed and storage over previous algorithms. Finally, we suggest applications of the approach to other kinds of statistical analyses of survey or questionaire data.