gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Kinetic Study of Vanadium Dissolution During Acetic Acid Leaching of Steel Making Converter Slag (2020)

Steelmaking slags are known as the secondary product of steel making process. Regarding the high rate of slag production and the existence of a noticeable amount of toxic and valuable metals such as vanadium in this material; recovery of vanadium from this product is necessary. In this study, steel making converter slag (containing about 1.96 wt.% V2O5) was ground to a mean size of 85 µm, and recovery of vanadium was carried out using acetic acid leaching. The effects of time (in the range of 0 to 120 min) and temperature (in the range of 0 to 80 ⁰C) in fixed acetic acid concentration (1 molal) and solid to liquid weight ratio (one gram slag in 200 ml) on the leaching process were investigated. The results showed that the increase in time and decrease of temperature (activation energy was equal to -11.4 kJ/mol) increases vanadium leaching efficiency. Maximum leaching efficiency was reached at 0 ⁰C and 90 min. Kinetics studies showed that heat diffusion through the solid layer is the controlling step of vanadium dissolution in acetic acid. Furthermore, thermal conductivity (ka) decreases by increasing temperature (ka=21877.6/T3), so the heat moves away from the reaction zone to the particle's surface at a slower rate.
Surface Reactivity Control of a Borosilicate Glass Using Thermal Poling (2015)

The ability to control glass surface reactivity at different length enables key properties required for future “smart substrates”. Employing a thermal poling process on a specific borosilicate glass composition can yield a surface with tailored physical and chemical properties. This work shows that during poling, alkali contained in the glass matrix migrates from the anode to the cathode side of the specimen, yielding the formation of an alkali-depleted layer under the anode. We have shown that this process is responsible for structural changes in the glass network and the formation of a frozen electric field within the glass. Network reorganization is linked to the creation of BØ3 units, which replace BØ4– entities upon migration of the alkali ions. The resulting newly charged borate structure leads to a measurable change in the glass’ affinity to atmospheric water, being attracted to the poled anodic zone. Such spatial control of surface hydrophilicity can aid in the creation of tailored surface functionality.
Measuring range and bearing with a binaural ultrasonic sensor (2002)

Discusses the development of a binaural ultrasonic sensor for mobile robot navigation, which is capable of measuring the range and bearing angle to multiple targets. A novel aspect of the design of the sensor is that it calculates the bearing angle twice, using inter-aural time difference (ITD) and inter-aural amplitude difference (IAD). These calculations of bearing are independent of atmospheric fluctuations and the geometry of the reflecting object. These independent bearing calculations are used to solve the correspondence problem. Echo pairs whose bearings differ by more than an acceptable amount are discarded.
Structural changes induced in the sugar chains of glycoproteins by malignant transformation of producing cells and their clinical application (1988)

Altered glycosylation is widely observed in glycoproteins produced by tumors. One of the most consistently observed alterations is the increase of larger asparagine-linked sugar chains in the plasma membrane glycoproteins. This phenomenon is brought about by the increase of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V, which is responsible for the formation of the GlcNAc beta 1----6Man alpha-1----6 group. The enrichment of the complex-type sugar chains containing the -GlcNAc beta 1----6(-GlcNAc beta 1----2)Man alpha 1----6 group is correlated with tumorigenicity and metastasic potential of tumor cells. Comparative study of the sugar chains of human chorionic gonadotropin isolated from the urine of pregnant women and of patients with trophoblastic diseases including choriocarcinoma revealed that many new oligosaccharides are included in the tumor hCG. The altered glycosylation of hCG is brought about by the ectopic expression of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase IV. With use of this altered glycosylation, a novel method useful for the diagnosis of choriocarcinoma was established.
A baseband IC for 3G UMTS communications (2003)

In this paper, a software reconfigurable W-CDMA transceiver core called CDMAx/sup TM/ for 3G applications is presented. The use of reconfigurable hardware, together with the adoption of a specific parameter-independent clocking strategy allows the combination of multi-standard operation together with a low power consumption. The CDMAx/sup TM/ core combines several 3G air interfaces together with satellite navigation reception capabilities, and has the necessary flexibility to be future-proof for possible changes in the air interface standards.
Information sharing across private databases (2003)

Literature on information integration across databases tacitly assumes that the data in each database can be revealed to the other databases. However, there is an increasing need for sharing information across autonomous entities in such a way that no information apart from the answer to the query is revealed. We formalize the notion of minimal information sharing across private databases, and develop protocols for intersection, equijoin, intersection size, and equijoin size. We also show how new applications can be built using the proposed protocols.
Extrinsic Fluorescent Dyes as Tools for Protein Characterization (2008)

Noncovalent, extrinsic fluorescent dyes are applied in various fields of protein analysis, e.g. to characterize folding intermediates, measure surface hydrophobicity, and detect aggregation or fibrillation. The main underlying mechanisms, which explain the fluorescence properties of many extrinsic dyes, are solvent relaxation processes and (twisted) intramolecular charge transfer reactions, which are affected by the environment and by interactions of the dyes with proteins. In recent time, the use of extrinsic fluorescent dyes such as ANS, Bis-ANS, Nile Red, Thioflavin T and others has increased, because of their versatility, sensitivity and suitability for high-throughput screening. The intention of this review is to give an overview of available extrinsic dyes, explain their spectral properties, and show illustrative examples of their various applications in protein characterization.
MOTION DETECTION ON FIXED CAMERAS SUBJECT TO VIBRATION (2011)

This article presents a new method for detecting moving objects in fixed cameras that undergo unexpected motion due to vibration. In our approach, the vibration is automatically compensated for using a dynamically-selected set of trackable features, computing frame-to-frame homographies while preventing numerical degeneracy. One of the most noteworthy characteristics of our method is its ability to withstand occlusions. The robustness of the method is demonstrated in situations where a monitoring camera is subject to vibrations due to inclement weather conditions, such as rain or wind, or other outdoor operating conditions, including vehicles passing nearby
Asymmetric Addition of Indoles to Isatins Catalysed by Bifunctional Modified Cinchona Alkaloid Catalysts (2010)

Simple and selective: An efficient organocatalytic enantioselective method for the synthesis of substituted-3-hydroxyoxindole derivatives with a quaternary chiral carbon has been developed. The cinchona alkaloid derived catalyst catalyses the Friedel–Crafts-type addition of indole derivatives to the isatin derivatives under mild conditions to provide substituted 3-hydroxyoxindoles in good to excellent yields with high enantioselectivity (see scheme). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Prognostic Factors for Hormone Sensitive Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Impact of Disease Volume (2018)

Background and Aim: The optimal management of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer has been controversial in recent years with introduction of upfront chemohormonal treatment based on results of several Western studies. This changing landscape has renewed interest in the concept “disease volume”, the focus of the present study is the Egyptian patients. Methods: Patients with hormone sensitive metastatic prostate cancer presenting at Menoufia University Hospital, Egypt, during the period from June 2013 to May 2016, were enrolled. All received hormonal treatment. Radiologic images were evaluated and patients were stratified according to their disease volume into high or low, other clinical and pathological data that could affect survival also being collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 128 patients were included, with a median age of 70 years (53.9% ≥70). About 46% had co-morbidities, 62% having high volume disease. During the median follow up period of 28 months about half of the patients progressed and one third received chemotherapy. On univariate analysis, disease volume, performance status (PS), prostate specific antigen level (PSA) and presence of pain at presentation were identified as factors influencing overall survival. Multivariate analysis revealed the independent predictor factors for survival to be PS, PSA and disease volume. The median overall survival with 27 months was high volume versus 49 with low volume disease (hazard ratio 2.1; 95% CI 1.2 - 4.4; P=0.02). Median progression free survival was 19 months in the high volume, as compared with 48 months in the low volume disease patients (hazard ratio, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.42 – 7.4; P=0.009). Conclusions: Disease volume is a reliable predictor of survival which should be incorporated with other important factors as; patient performance status and comorbidities in treatment decision-making.
Amphisbaenic Sorting (1959)

article Free Access Share on Amphisbaenic Sorting Author: H. Nagler International Business Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y. International Business Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y.View Profile Authors Info & Claims Journal of the ACMVolume 6Issue 4Oct. 1959 pp 459–468https://doi.org/10.1145/320998.320999Online:01 October 1959Publication History 5citation332DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads332Last 12 Months16Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Evaluation of Oral Cannabinoid-Containing Medications for the Management of Interferon and Ribavirin-Induced Anorexia, Nausea and Weight Loss in Patients Treated for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (2008)

The present retrospective cohort analysis found that OC use is often effective in managing HCV treatment-related symptoms that contribute to weight loss, and may stabilize weight decline once initiated.
Recognition of multidimensional affine patterns using a constrained GA (2002)

The problem of determining an affine relation among multidimensional data points is addressed in this paper. In the first step of the illustrated procedure, the parameters for the linear manifold that fits the data are determined in closed form using a (weighted) total least squares formulation of the problem. The solution obtained, however, is highly sensitive to data points with exceptionally high noise (outliers). The problem of outliers suppression is then formulated as a constrained binary optimization problem and a genetic algorithm with nonstationary penalty function is used to solve it efficiently.
Performance of computed tomography for contrast agent concentration measurements with monochromatic x-ray beams: comparison of K-edge versus temporal subtraction (2002)

We investigated the performance of monochromatic computed tomography for the quantification of contrast agent concentrations. Two subtraction methods (K-edge subtraction and temporal subtraction) were evaluated and compared theoretically and experimentally in terms of detection limit, precision and accuracy. Measurements were performed using synchrotron x-rays with Lucite phantoms (10 cm and 17.5 cm in diameter) containing iodine or gadolinium solutions ranging from 50 microg ml(-1) to 5 mg ml(-1). The experiments were carried out using monochromators developed at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) medical beamline. The phantoms were imaged either above and below the contrast agent K-edge, or before and after the addition of the contrast agent. Both methods gave comparable performance for phantoms less than 10 cm in diameter. For large phantoms, equivalent to a human head, the temporal subtraction is more suitable for detecting elements such as iodine, keeping a reasonable x-ray dose delivered to the phantom. A good agreement was obtained between analytical calculations, simulations and measurements. The beam harmonic content was taken into account in the simulations. It explains the performance degradation with high contrast agent concentrations. The temporal subtraction technique has the advantage of energy tunability and is well suited for imaging elements, such as iodine or gadolinium, in highly absorbing samples. For technical reasons, the K-edge method is preferable when the imaged organ is moving since the two measurements can be performed simultaneously, which is mandatory for obtaining a good subtraction.
Testing additivity by kernel based methods - what is a reasonable test? (2000)

In the common nonparametric regression model with high dimensional predictor several tests for the hypothesis of an additive regression are investigated. The corresponding test statistics are either based on the differences between a fit under the assumption of additivity and a fit in the general model or based on residuals under the assumption of additivity. For all tests asymptotic normality is established under the null hypothesis of additivity and under fixed alternatives with different rates of convergence corresponding to both cases. These results are used for a comparison of the different methods. It is demonstrated that a statistic based on an empirical L2 distance of the Nadaraya Watson and the marginal integration estimator yields the (asymptotically) most efficient procedure, if these are compared with respect to the asymptotic behaviour under fixed alternatives.
A Study of Electronic Commerce Transactions of the Hospitals (2012)

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the degree of transactions of the electronic commerce in the hospitals. We created well-organized questionnaire to achieve this goal. we did telephone interviews with the hospitals, and then we reached out to the hospitals by e-mail and postal mail. We interviewed 311 hospitals, and 104 hospitals participated in this study. We conducted cross tabulations. The results are following : Among the subjects, male was 77.9%(81) and female was 22.1%(23). 51.0% of the hospitals used electronic commerce in their work purpose. The proportion of the hospitals that started their electronic commerce before 2000 years was 30.2% and after 2000 years was 69.8%. In the major electronic commerce service providers, 30.4% of the hospitals had their contract with auction, 18.4% of the hospitals had their contract with public procurement services. which is running by Korean government, and 11.8% were with EZmedicom and 10.8% were working with Carecamp. Through electronic commerce, the most high usage was office supplies 41.0% and the send area was medical supplies 11.2%. The results of this study suggest that electronic commerce in health care field is a very new area compared to other industries. There may be lots of barriers in the aspects of a way of working and norms of health care field. Electronic commerce system and contracts with their electronic commerce service providing partners.
Coupling effects in dense arrays of 3D optical metamaterials (2018)

Three-dimensional (3D) metafilms composed of periodic arrays containing single and multiple micrometer-scale vertical split ring resonators per unit cell were fabricated using membrane projection lithography. In contrast to planar and stacked planar structures such as cut wire pairs and fishnet structures, these 3D metafilms have a thickness t ~λ<sub>d</sub>/4, allowing for classical thin film effects in the long wavelength limit. The infrared specular far-field scattering response was measured for metafilms containing one and two resonators per unit cell, and compared to numerical simulations. Excellent agreement in the frequency region below the onset of diffractive scattering was obtained. The metafilms demonstrate strong bi-anisotropic polarization dependence. Further, we show that for 3D metafilms, just as in solids, complex unit cells with multiple atoms (inclusions) per unit cell possess a richer set of excitation mechanisms. The highlight of these new coupling mechanisms is the excitation of the 3D analog to the 2D cut-wire-pair magnetic response.
Cellulase Assays (1994)

Various kinetic models have been developed to determine the effectiveness of cellulase enzyme preparations on the rate and extent of cellulose hydrolysis. The assay method proposed by Sattler et al. (1) was used to compare five dilute acid treated wood sawdust samples and a control microcrystalline cellulose, Sigmacell 50. This study confirmed that where kinetic information is required for a specific biomass conversion process application, such as simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), hydrolysis kinetics must be evaluated using the actual substrate to acquire meaningful results.
Absolute and relative quantification of RNA modifications via biosynthetic isotopomers (2014)

In the resurging field of RNA modifications, quantification is a bottleneck blocking many exciting avenues. With currently over 150 known nucleoside alterations, detection and quantification methods must encompass multiple modifications for a comprehensive profile. LC-MS/MS approaches offer a perspective for comprehensive parallel quantification of all the various modifications found in total RNA of a given organism. By feeding (13)C-glucose as sole carbon source, we have generated a stable isotope-labeled internal standard (SIL-IS) for bacterial RNA, which facilitates relative comparison of all modifications. While conventional SIL-IS approaches require the chemical synthesis of single modifications in weighable quantities, this SIL-IS consists of a nucleoside mixture covering all detectable RNA modifications of Escherichia coli, yet in small and initially unknown quantities. For absolute in addition to relative quantification, those quantities were determined by a combination of external calibration and sample spiking of the biosynthetic SIL-IS. For each nucleoside, we thus obtained a very robust relative response factor, which permits direct conversion of the MS signal to absolute amounts of substance. The application of the validated SIL-IS allowed highly precise quantification with standard deviations<2% during a 12-week period, and a linear dynamic range that was extended by two orders of magnitude.
Innovative designs enable 300-V TMBS&#x00AE; with ultra-low on-state voltage and fast switching speed (2011)

A 300-V TMBS <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> (Trench MOS Barrier Schottky) rectifier with novel active-cell and termination design is first proposed and demonstrated. The device features a combination of p-transparent anode and Schottky contact, considerably reducing on-state voltage and ensuring a high degree of performance uniformity. A floating p-layer is used in termination region under a trench area to significantly enhance the blocking capability to 95% of the ideal breakdown voltage. In addition, the new termination design is area-efficient, being only 30 to 40 μm in width, which is less than 33% of the conventional guard-ring terminations. Experimental results have shown that the new 300-V TMBS structure with the novel active cell and termination design exhibits ultra-low on-state voltage of less than 0.9 V at 250 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , a fast turn-off time lower than 55 ns and a high breakdown voltage over 380 V. It is noteworthy that these new components in active and termination regions can be formed without any additional masks, and hence at no extra cost.
A Soft-Switched Hybrid-Modulation Scheme for a Capacitor-Less Three-Phase Pulsating-DC-Link Inverter (2013)

A soft-switched hybrid-modulation (HM) scheme is outlined for a dc-link-capacitor-less three-phase high-frequency (HF) pulsating-dc link (PDCL) isolated multistage inverter. The overall inverter comprises a front-end isolated dc/pulsating-dc converter followed by a pulsating-dc/ac converter. Because the two stages are directly connected without a dc-link capacitor, the intermediate link is a PDCL instead of a fixed-dc link as in conventional HF-link inverters. The HM modulates the pulsating-dc/ac converter such that, two of its converter legs are line-switched, while the third leg of the pulsating-dc/ac converter is switched under zero-voltage-switching condition. This is achieved by first modulating the dc/pulsating-dc converter to achieve a specific encoding of the PDCL signal, which in turn, is exploited by the modulation scheme of the pulsating-dc/ac converter to mitigate its switching loss without requiring any auxiliary circuit. Operation of the pulsating-dc/ac converter using the soft-switched HM scheme is validated using a prototype 1 kW, 72-V (dc)/208-V (ac) HF inverter.
Brain Bases of Reading Fluency in Typical Reading and Impaired Fluency in Dyslexia (2014)

Although the neural systems supporting single word reading are well studied, there are limited direct comparisons between typical and dyslexic readers of the neural correlates of reading fluency. Reading fluency deficits are a persistent behavioral marker of dyslexia into adulthood. The current study identified the neural correlates of fluent reading in typical and dyslexic adult readers, using sentences presented in a word-by-word format in which single words were presented sequentially at fixed rates. Sentences were presented at slow, medium, and fast rates, and participants were asked to decide whether each sentence did or did not make sense semantically. As presentation rates increased, participants became less accurate and slower at making judgments, with comprehension accuracy decreasing disproportionately for dyslexic readers. In-scanner performance on the sentence task correlated significantly with standardized clinical measures of both reading fluency and phonological awareness. Both typical readers and readers with dyslexia exhibited widespread, bilateral increases in activation that corresponded to increases in presentation rate. Typical readers exhibited significantly larger gains in activation as a function of faster presentation rates than readers with dyslexia in several areas, including left prefrontal and left superior temporal regions associated with semantic retrieval and semantic and phonological representations. Group differences were more extensive when behavioral differences between conditions were equated across groups. These findings suggest a brain basis for impaired reading fluency in dyslexia, specifically a failure of brain regions involved in semantic retrieval and semantic and phonological representations to become fully engaged for comprehension at rapid reading rates.