gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SPATIAL CONTROL OF CELL EXPANSION BY THE PLANT CYTOSKELETON (2005)

The cytoskeleton plays important roles in plant cell shape determination by influencing the patterns in which cell wall materials are deposited. Cortical microtubules are thought to orient the direction of cell expansion primarily via their influence on the deposition of cellulose into the wall, although the precise nature of the microtubule-cellulose relationship remains unclear. In both tip-growing and diffusely growing cell types, F-actin promotes growth and also contributes to the spatial regulation of growth. F-actin has been proposed to play a variety of roles in the regulation of secretion in expanding cells, but its functions in cell growth control are not well understood. Recent work highlighted in this review on the morphogenesis of selected cell types has yielded substantial new insights into mechanisms governing the dynamics and organization of cytoskeletal filaments in expanding plant cells and how microtubules and F-actin interact to direct patterns of cell growth. Nevertheless, many important questions remain to be answered.
Apremilast: a novel PDE4 inhibitor in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases (2010)

Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is a key enzyme in the degradation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and is centrally involved in the cytokine production of inflammatory cells, angiogenesis, and the functional properties of other cell types such as keratinocytes. In this review article, apremilast, a novel small molecule inhibitor of PDE4, is introduced. Apremilast has profound anti-inflammatory properties in animal models of inflammatory disease, as well as human chronic inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Apremilast blocks the synthesis of several pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 23, CXCL9, and CXCL10 in multiple cell types. In contrast to the biologics, which neutralize pro-inflammatory mediators at the protein level, apremilast modulates production of these mediators at the level of mRNA expression. Apremilast also interferes with the production of leukotriene B4, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and matrix metalloproteinase and reduces complex inflammatory processes, such as dendritic cell infiltration, epidermal skin thickening, and joint destruction. As this novel PDE4 inhibitor interferes with several key processes of inflammation, it may emerge as a promising new drug for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as those of the skin and the joints.
In silico prototyping of wetlab experiments (2002)

The background, implementation, and graphical interface of the Cybermouse simulation-dynamic information system are outlined. It is believed that simulation-dynamic information systems are the next steps in managing complex information through semi-autonomous software. In particular, by making available simulation methods based on nonlinear, event-driven dynamics, such systems show emergent behaviors derived from self-organization and are therefore useful tools in education and research.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The gustatory pathway is involved in CD36‐mediated orosensory perception of long‐chain fatty acids in the mouse (2007)

The sense of taste informs the body about the quality of ingested foods. Tastant-mediated signals are generated by a rise in free intracellular calcium levels ([Ca(2+)]i) in the taste bud cells and then are transferred to the gustatory area of brain via connections between the gustatory nerves (chorda tympani and glossopharyngeal nerves) and the nucleus of solitary tract in the brain stem. We have recently shown that lingual CD36 contributes to fat preference and early digestive secretions in the mouse. We show here that 1) the induction of an increase in [Ca(2+)]i by linoleic acid is CD36-dependent in taste receptor cells, 2) the spontaneous preference for or conversely conditioned aversion to linoleic acid requires intact gustatory nerves, and 3) the activation of gustatory neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract elicited by a linoleic acid deposition on the tongue in wild-type mice cannot be reproduced in CD36-null animals. We conclude that the CD36-mediated perception of long-chain fatty acids involves the gustatory pathway, suggesting that the mouse may have a "taste" for fatty foods. This system would constitute a potential physiological advantage under conditions of food scarcity by leading the mouse to select and absorb fatty foods. However, it might also lead to a risk of obesity and associated diseases in a context of constantly abundant food.
Porphyrin−Retinamides:  Synthesis and Cellular Studies (2007)

A series of four porphyrin-retinamides containing either all-trans- or 13-cis-retinoid acid residues, directly linked to the para-phenyl position of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin or via a low-molecular-weight PEG spacer, have been synthesized. The biological properties of these conjugates were evaluated in a model cell line, human HEp2, and in neuroblastoma SK-N-DZ cells, which exhibit moderate expression of retinoic acid receptors and retinoic acid-induced differentiation. The directly linked porphyrin-retinamides were taken up by a greater extent (20-50% more) in SK-N-DZ than in HEp2 cells. However, the PEG-containing conjugates accumulated maximally within both cell lines and approximately by the same amount, probably due to their increased amphiphilicity. Among all conjugates, the porphyrin-PEG-13-cis-retinamide accumulated the most in both cell lines (about 5 times more than the non-pegylated conjugates). None of the porphyrin-retinamide conjugates were toxic toward HEp2 cells at concentrations up to 100 microM, and only the hydrophobic non-pegylated conjugates were moderately toxic to SK-N-DZ cells [IC50 (dark) = 56-92 microM, and IC50 (at 1 J/cm2) = 6-8 microM]. All conjugates preferentially localized within cellular vesicles that correlated well to the lysosomes and, in addition, the PEG-containing porphyrin-retinamides were also found in the ER.
GSK-3 Is Activated by the Tyrosine Kinase Pyk2 during LPA<sub>1</sub>-mediated Neurite Retraction (2006)

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase that is usually inactivated by serine phosphorylation in response to extracellular cues. However, GSK-3 can also be activated by tyrosine phosphorylation, but little is known about the upstream signaling events and tyrosine kinase(s) involved. Here we describe a G protein signaling pathway leading to GSK-3 activation during lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-induced neurite retraction. Using neuronal cells expressing the LPA(1) receptor, we show that LPA(1) mediates tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of GSK-3 with subsequent phosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau via the G(i)-linked PIP(2) hydrolysis-Ca(2+) mobilization pathway. LPA concomitantly activates the Ca(2+)-dependent tyrosine kinase Pyk2, which is detected in a complex with GSK-3beta. Inactivation or knockdown of Pyk2 inhibits LPA-induced (but not basal) tyrosine phosphorylation of GSK-3 and partially inhibits LPA-induced neurite retraction, similar to what is observed following GSK-3 inhibition. Thus, Pyk2 mediates LPA(1)-induced activation of GSK-3 and subsequent phosphorylation of microtubule-associated proteins. Pyk2-mediated GSK-3 activation is initiated by PIP(2) hydrolysis and may serve to destabilize microtubules during actomyosin-driven neurite retraction.
??1-ANTITRYPSIN DEFICIENCY-ASSOCIATED PANNICULITIS (1997)

Panniculitis is a rare complication of alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency that is characterized by acute inflammatory infiltrate and fat necrosis. Different treatment strategies are used to provide symptomatic relief. Here we describe two patients with homozygous A1AT deficiency who developed panniculitis and were successfully treated with A1AT replacement. The patient who received a liver transplant experienced complete resolution of the skin lesions. The patient who received A1AT intravenously showed complete response, but the skin lesions recurred when the levels of A1AT fell below 50 mg/100 ml. Panniculitis secondary to A1AT deficiency can be successfully treated with liver transplantation or intravenous infusion of A1AT.
Identification of flavonolignans from <i>Silybum marianum</i> seeds as allosteric protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors (2018)

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is an attractive molecular target for anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, and anti-cancer drug development. From the seeds of Silybum marianum, nine flavonolignans, namely, silybins A, B (1, 2), isosilybins A, B (3, 4), silychristins A, B (5, 6), isosilychristin A (7), dehydrosilychristin A (8), and silydianin (11) were identified as a novel class of natural PTP1B inhibitors (IC<sub>50</sub> 1.3 7-23.87 µM). Analysis of structure-activity relationship suggested that the absolute configurations at C-7" and C-8" greatly affected the PTP1B inhibitory activity. Compounds 1-5 were demonstrated to be non-competitive inhibitors of PTP1B based on kinetic analyses. Molecular docking simulations resulted that 1-5 docked into the allosteric site, including α3, α6, and α7 helix of PTP1B. At a concentration inhibiting PTP1B completely, compounds 1-5 moderately inhibited VHR and SHP-2, and weakly inhibited TCPTP and SHP-1. These results suggested the potentiality of these PTP1B inhibitors as lead compounds for further drug developments.
Identification of Potent and Selective Non-covalent Inhibitors of the <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Proteasome (2014)

We have identified short N,C-capped peptides that selectively inhibit the proteasome of the malaria-causing pathogen Plasmodium falciparum. These compounds are highly potent in culture with no toxicity in host cells. One cyclic biphenyl ether compound inhibited intraerythrocytic growth of P. falciparum with an IC50 of 35 nM, and we show that even a pulse treatment with this cyclic peptide induced parasite death due to proteasome inhibition. These compounds represent promising new antimalarial agents that target the essential proteasomal machinery of the parasite without toxicity toward the host.
Crude Protein and Non-protein Nitrogen Content in Dairy Cow Milk (2014)

Abstract Milk composition is of prime economic importance for farmers. Milk total proteins are composed of casein, whey proteins and non-protein nitrogen. The objective of this work was to establish milk crude protein, non-protein nitrogen (NPN) and urea content in dairy cow milk produced in different farms in Latvia. Cow milk samples (n=30) were collected in September 2012 from four different farms breeding diverse cow breeds. Average crude protein, casein and urea content in milk varied significantly among farms. NPN content in cow milk varies among farms - from 0.194% to 0.232%. Average crude protein and casein content was significantly higher (p<0.05) for Latvia Brown breed cows, while NPN content did not differ significantly among breeds. Regression between NPN and urea content in milk was R² = 0.458. Correlation between NPN and urea content was significant (r = 0.677). This study allowed establishing that crude protein and NPN content in milk varied significantly (p<0.05) in farms with differing dairy cow housing and feeding technologies
A Real Time Hand Tracking System for Interactive Applications (2011)

In vision based hand tracking systems color plays an important role for detection. Skin color detection is widely used in different interactive applications, e.g. face and hand tracking, detecting people in video databases. This paper implements an effective hand tracking technique which is based on color detection. In this techniques based on the color distribution the segmentation of hand from background will take place in a real time. This technique provides to main benefits: The process of tracking is fast as the segmentation process is performed simultaneously in a specified area surrounding the hand. This technique is highly robust under different lightning conditions. To check the performance of the implemented technique a number of experiments have been performed. The implemented technique will be useful in various real time interactive applications, such as gesture recognition, augmented reality, virtual reality etc.
A Universal Video Decoder for fully configurable video coding Digest of Technical Papers (2010)

Fully configurable video coding is a new concept where, a universal video decoder (UVD) can be configured to execute any decoding algorithm as specified by a configuration syntax embedded in coded video stream. This paper presents a software implementation of a UVD that can efficiently construct and execute any specified video decoder at comparable speed to a pre-compiled decoder.
Human Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells: Rational for Use as a Neuroprotectant in Ischemic Brain Disease (2010)

The use of stem cells for reparative medicine was first proposed more than three decades ago. Hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow, peripheral blood and human umbilical cord blood (CB) have gained major use for treatment of hematological indications. CB, however, is also a source of cells capable of differentiating into various non-hematopoietic cell types, including neural cells. Several animal model reports have shown that CB cells may be used for treatment of neurological injuries. This review summarizes the information available on the origin of CB-derived neuronal cells and the mechanisms proposed to explain their action. The potential use of stem/progenitor cells for treatment of ischemic brain injuries is discussed. Issues that remain to be resolved at the present stage of preclinical trials are addressed.
Molybdenum: biological activity and metabolism (2005)

Molybdenum and tungsten are available to all organisms, with molybdenum having the far greater abundance and availability. Molybdenum occurs in a wide range of metalloenzymes in bacteria, fungi, algae, plants and animals, while tungsten was found to be essential only for a limited range of bacteria. In order to gain biological activity, molybdenum has to be complexed by a pterin compound, thus forming a molybdenum cofactor. In this article I will review the way that molybdenum takes from uptake into the cell, via formation of the molybdenum cofactor and its storage, to the final modification of molybdenum cofactor and its insertion into apo-metalloenzymes.
An Automatic Tool for Generating Test Cases from the System's Requirements (2007)

An automatic generator is used to generate programming codes from a specific domain. We use this concept to introduce an automatic tool for software testing, where the tool is used to generate the test cases automatically according to the system's requirements. Manual creation of test cases is time consuming and high costing. The purpose of producing the tool to generate test cases automatically is to reduce the cost of testing the system as well as to save the time of deriving test cases manually. The system's requirements are transformed using use case diagrams, flow of events and sequence diagrams. The flow of events and sequence diagrams are used to check the consistency of the use cases as well as the validity of test cases.
Validated machine learning algorithm with sub-clonal sensitivity reveals widespread pan-cancer human leukocyte antigen loss of heterozygosity (2021)

Abstract Human leukocyte antigen loss of heterozygosity (HLA LOH) allows cancer cells to escape immune recognition by deleting HLA alleles, causing the suppressed presentation of tumor neoantigens that would otherwise bind to them. Despite its importance in immunotherapy response, few methods exist to detect HLA LOH, and their accuracy is not well understood. Here, we develop DASH ( D eletion of A llele- S pecific H LAs), a novel machine learning-based algorithm to detect HLA LOH from paired tumor-normal sequencing data. Through validation with cell line mixtures and patient-specific digital PCR, we demonstrate increased sensitivity compared to previously published tools and pave the way for clinical utility. Using DASH on 611 patients across 15 tumor types, we found that 18% of patients had HLA LOH. Moreover, we show inflated HLA LOH rates compared to genome-wide LOH and correlations between CD274 (PD-L1) expression and MSI status, suggesting the HLA LOH is a key immune resistance strategy.
Neutral bimetallic macrocyclic complexes. 1. Investigation of mono- and bimetallic complexes of tetraiminato macrocyclic complexes derived from 1,3,5-triketones (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNeutral bimetallic macrocyclic complexes. 1. Investigation of mono- and bimetallic complexes of tetraiminato macrocyclic complexes derived from 1,3,5-triketonesM. Himmelsbach, R. L. Lintvedt, J. K. Zehetmair, M. Nanny, and M. J. HeegCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 26, 8003–8011Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00260a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00260a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views240Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Faith Community Nursing – A Specialty within the Profession of Nursing (2015)

This article outlines the characteristics of a profession. A discussion of how professional organizations benefit nursing is provided and the rationale for the development of Faith Community Nurses International (FCNI). The goals and future plans of FCNI are reviewed.
Rho Kinase Inhibition: A New Approach for Treating Diabetic Nephropathy? (2008)

Rho family GTPases have received increasing attention as critical regulators of cell function (1). Initially, they were shown to regulate actin dynamics, thereby modulating development, cell migration, immune responses, and cancer cell invasion and metastasis. More recent studies have shown that they are also involved in cell-cell adhesion and cell cycle progression. RhoA is one of the most widely studied of the 22 mammalian members of the family, and the serine-threonine kinase Rho kinase (ROCK) is a major RhoA effector.

RhoA/ROCK has a number of functions in the kidney. RhoA/ROCK enhances Ca2+-dependent vascular smooth muscle contraction, thereby modulating tone (2–4). The potent vasoconstrictor angiotensin II (AngII) activates ROCK in smooth muscle cells. The ROCK inhibitors fasudil and Y-27632 dilate afferent and efferent arterioles and reverse AngII-dependent arteriolar vasoconstriction. At the cellular level, RhoA/ROCK mediates cytoskeletal rearrangement in renal tubule cells, mesangial cells and podocytes and may contribute to epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation, which may be important in the development of renal fibrosis. ROCK inhibitors have renoprotective effects in a number of models of kidney damage (2). They prevent tubulointerstitial fibrosis following unilateral ureteral obstruction, and decrease structural and functional damage in hypertensive models without affecting blood pressure.

When activated, RhoA translocates from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane. RhoA translocation to …
GIS in Landscape Planning (2012)

Landscape planning supports sustainable development by creating planning prerequisites that will enable future generations to live in an ecological intact environment (Bfn, 2002). It breeds to a full-coverage strategy with the aim of maintaining landscape and nature as well as facilitating municipal and industrial development (von Haaren, 2004; BfN 2002). Contrary to the design approach (McHarg, 1969) it has been developed to an institutionalized planning system based on analytical processes (Schwarzv. Raumer & Stokman, 2011). Objectives will be derived from scientifically based analysis and normative democratically legitimized goals (Riedel & Lange, 2001; Jessel & Tobias, 2002; von Haaren, 2004 a.o.).
Clinical significance of chemokine receptor (CCR1, CCR2 and CXCR4) expression in human myeloma cells: the association with disease activity and survival. (2006)

This study indicates that the chemokine receptor expression profile of MM cells correlates with disease status and survival of MM patients. This observation might reflect impaired chemoattraction and retention of MM cells within the bone marrow microenvironment, resulting in disease progression.
Monitoring Polymerization Reactions by Near-IR Spectroscopy (1995)

The following overview is an investigative survey on the feasibility of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as an on-line process analytical technique for control and optimization. The review focuses on current developments in the field of polymerization monitoring. A brief background description on instrumentation and methods of data analysis leads to suggestions for further investigation. After NIR's introduction in the early 1950s, it remained unnoticed by polymer chemists and engineers through the 1960s and 1970s. MR recaptured chemical engineers' attention in the late 1980s for two major reasons: (1) the development of advanced optical fiber materials and solid state detectors and (2) the incorporation of recent progress on multivariate data analysis algorithms. A review of the current trends in reactor monitoring strategies comprises the last section.
Theory of the spin Seebeck effect in antiferromagnets (2016)

The spin Seebeck effect (SSE) consists in the generation of a spin current by a temperature gradient applied in a magnetic film. The SSE is usually detected by an electric voltage generated in a metallic layer in contact with the magnetic film resulting from the conversion of the spin current into charge current by means of the inverse spin Hall effect. The SSE has been widely studied in bilayers made of the insulating ferrimagnet yttrium iron garnet (YIG) and metals with large spin-orbit coupling such as platinum. Recently the SSE has been observed in bilayers made of the antiferromagnet $\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ and Pt, revealing dependences of the SSE voltage on temperature and field very different from the ones observed in YIG/Pt. Here we present a theory for the SSE in structures with an antiferromagnetic insulator (AFI) in contact with a normal metal (NM) that relies on the bulk magnon spin current created by the temperature gradient across the thickness of the AFI/NM bilayer. The theory explains quite well the measured dependences of the SSE voltage on the sample temperature and on the applied magnetic field in $\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{F}}_{2}/\mathrm{Pt}$.