gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On-Line Index Selection for Shifting Workloads (2007)

This paper introduces COLT (continuous on-line tuning), a novel framework that continuously monitors the workload of a database system and enriches the existing physical design with a set of effective indices. The key idea behind COLT is to gather performance statistics at different levels of detail and to carefully allocate profiling resources to the most promising candidate configurations. Moreover, COLT uses effective heuristics to self-regulate its own performance, lowering its overhead when the system is well tutted and being more aggressive when the workload shifts and it becomes necessary to re-tune the system. We describe an implementation of the proposed framework in the PostgreSQL database system and evaluate its performance experimentally. Our results validate the effectiveness of COLT and demonstrate its ability to modify the system configuration in response to changes in the query load.
Formulation and process development of (recombinant human) deoxyribonuclease I as a powder for inhalation (2009)

A formulation and process development study was performed to formulate recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I as a powder for inhalation. First, excipient compatibility (with bovine DNase as a model substance) was examined with a stability study at stressed conditions (60 and 85 degrees C) while monitoring for occurrence of the Maillard reaction. Next, powders for inhalation were prepared by spray drying and spray freeze drying. We found that spray drying with inulin as stabilizer resulted in the best powder for inhalation. Finally, an ex-vivo test with the spray dried rhDNase I/inulin powder significantly decreased elastic and viscous moduli of sputum from five cystic fibrosis patients.
Securing the MultiPath TCP handshake with external keys (2012)

Multipath TCP currently relies on the exchange of keys in clear during the initial handshake to authenticate the establishment of additional subflows. This document proposes a variant of the Multipath TCP handshake that allows Multipath TCP to reuse keys negotiated by the Application layer protocol above it such as SSL/TLS to authenticate the establishment of additional subflows.
Rotary Instrumentation: An Endodontic Perspective (2008)

This issue gives clinicians a knowledgebase for NiTi rotary use and aims to enable them to select a system that is most suitable for their needs. This issues also includes several clinical "Golden Rules" for NiTi rotary preperation, and overview of available NiTi instrument systems on the market and more. Incorporates 19 illustrations.
Non-volatile FCG (ferroelectric-capacitor and transistor-gate connection) memory cell with non-destructive read-out operation (2002)

A new non-volatile FCG (ferroelectric-capacitor and transistor-gate connection) memory cell, in which the ferroelectric capacitor is connected to a MOSFET gate electrode, is proposed for achieving non-destructive read-out memory operation. It is clarified that the ferroelectric capacitor area should be designed to be smaller than the MOSFET gate capacitor area to improve memory operation reliability. Nonvolatile memory operation for this FCG cell was confirmed by a Vt shift in the MOSFET, due to the ferroelectric polarization.
Evidence That Atypical Protein Kinase C-λ and Atypical Protein Kinase C-ζ Participate in Ras-mediated Reorganization of the F-actin Cytoskeleton (1999)

Expression of transforming Ha-Ras L61 in NIH3T3 cells causes profound morphological alterations which include a disassembly of actin stress fibers. The Ras-induced dissolution of actin stress fibers is blocked by the specific PKC inhibitor GF109203X at concentrations which inhibit the activity of the atypical aPKC isotypes lambda and zeta, whereas lower concentrations of the inhibitor which block conventional and novel PKC isotypes are ineffective. Coexpression of transforming Ha-Ras L61 with kinase-defective, dominant-negative (DN) mutants of aPKC-lambda and aPKC-zeta, as well as antisense constructs encoding RNA-directed against isotype-specific 5' sequences of the corresponding mRNA, abrogates the Ha-Ras-induced reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Expression of a kinase-defective, DN mutant of cPKC-alpha was unable to counteract Ras with regard to the dissolution of actin stress fibers. Transfection of cells with constructs encoding constitutively active (CA) mutants of atypical aPKC-lambda and aPKC-zeta lead to a disassembly of stress fibers independent of oncogenic Ha-Ras. Coexpression of (DN) Rac-1 N17 and addition of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors wortmannin and LY294002 are in agreement with a tentative model suggesting that, in the signaling pathway from Ha-Ras to the cytoskeleton aPKC-lambda acts upstream of PI3K and Rac-1, whereas aPKC-zeta functions downstream of PI3K and Rac-1. This model is supported by studies demonstrating that cotransfection with plasmids encoding L61Ras and either aPKC-lambda or aPKC-zeta results in a stimulation of the kinase activity of both enzymes. Furthermore, the Ras-mediated activation of PKC-zeta was abrogated by coexpression of DN Rac-1 N17.
Channel-Dependent Scheduling of an Uplink SC-FDMA System with Imperfect Channel Information (2008)

Channel-dependent scheduling (CDS) can increase the data throughput of a cellular system by exploiting multi-user diversity and frequency selectivity in the channel. In this paper, we investigate the impact of imperfect channel state information (CSI) on CDS. Specifically, we analyze the data throughput of an uplink single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) system with uncoded adaptive modulation and CDS when there is a CSI feedback delay. We consider distributed and localized subcarrier mapping schemes for resource allocation. We show that localized subcarrier mapping yields highest aggregate data throughput when we use CDS. However, we also show that localized mapping is very sensitive to the quality of CSI and the capacity gain quickly decreases when the channel changes rapidly. For high mobility users, distributed mapping with static round-robin scheduling is more suitable.
Some Thiosemicarbazide Derivatives as Corrosion Inhibitors for Aluminium in Sodium Hydroxide Solution (1988)

The effect of some thiosemicarbazide derivatives on corrosion of aluminium in 2M sodium hydroxide has been studied using thermometric, weight loss and hydrogen evolution techniques. The rate of the corrosion depends on the nature of the inhibitor and its concentration, heated of hydrogenation, mode of interaction with the metal surface and formation of metallic complexes. The compounds are weakly adsorbed on the surface of aluminium and form a monolayer of the adsorbate. Values of the Arrhenius activation energies indicate agreement with those obtained for an activation controlled process.
Pulsed-Force-Mode AFM Studies of Polyphenylene Dendrimers on Self-Assembled Monolayers (2007)

Pulsed-force-mode atomic force microscopy (PFM-AFM) with a chemically modified tip was employed to measure the topography and adhesion force images of homoaggregates of fourth generation polyphenylene and carboxylic-acid-functionalized second generation polyphenylene dendrimers on hydrophilic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Although from the AFM topographic image the dendrimers could not be discriminated, from the adhesion image, the respective homoaggregates were easily discriminated. The determination is based on the different adhesive interactions between the dendrimers and the chemically modified tip, which are related to the chemical nature of the outer-surface functional groups, and the adsorbed water layer on hydrophilic surfaces under ambient conditions. It shows that PFM-AFM with chemically modified tips has nanoscale chemical spatial resolution.
Neutron powder investigation of tetragonal and cubic stabilized zirconia, TZP and CSZ, at temperatures up to 1400 K (1993)

A comparative study of tetragonal (Y-TZP, 3 mol% Y 2 O 3 ) and cubic (CSZ, 15 mol% CaO) zirconia powder samples was carried out to learn about a possible structural origin of the superior ionic conductivity of TZP at low temperatures. Structure refinements including anharmonic temperature factors and oxygen occupancies as well as a qualitative analysis of the diffuse background revealed large differences especially of the anisotropy of thermal motion and the underlying disorder in both samples
New Legume Hosts of <i>Phakopsora pachyrhizi</i> Based on Greenhouse Evaluations (2008)

Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causal organism of soybean rust, was first found in the continental United States in 2004 and has been found on soybean, kudzu, Florida beggarweed, and three Phaseolus species in the field. The pathogen has been reported to occur on more than 90 legume species worldwide and it is likely to infect native and introduced legume species in the United States. The objective of this study was to determine if 176 species representing 57 genera of legumes, the majority of which are either native or naturalized to soybean-growing areas of the United States, could be hosts of P. pachyrhizi. Between one and three accessions of each species, a total of 264 accessions, were inoculated with a mixture of four isolates of P. pachyrhizi. Severity and sporulation were rated on a 1-to-5 scale at 14 and 28 days after inoculation. P. pachyrhizi was confirmed by the presence of sporulating uredinia and/or immunological assay on 65 new species in 25 genera; 12 of these genera have not been reported previously as hosts. Many of the newly identified hosts grow in the southern United States, and like kudzu, could serve as overwintering hosts for P. pachyrhizi.
An Integrated Movement Capture and Control Platform Applied Towards Autonomous Movements of Surgical Robots (2009)

Robotic surgery has gradually gained acceptance due to its numerous advantages such as tremor filtration, increased dexterity and motion scaling. There remains, however, a significant scope for improvement, especially in the areas of surgeon-robot interface and autonomous procedures. Previous studies have attempted to identify factors affecting a surgeon's performance in a master-slave robotic system by tracking hand movements. These studies relied on conventional optical or magnetic tracking systems, making their use impracticable in the operating room. This study concentrated on building an intrinsic movement capture platform using microcontroller based hardware wired to a surgical robot. Software was developed to enable tracking and analysis of hand movements while surgical tasks were performed. Movement capture was applied towards automated movements of the robotic instruments. By emulating control signals, recorded surgical movements were replayed by the robot's end-effectors. Though this work uses a surgical robot as the platform, the ideas and concepts put forward are applicable to telerobotic systems in general.
Clinical activity of the mutant-selective EGFR inhibitor AZD9291 in patients (pts) with EGFR inhibitor–resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (2014)

8009^ Background: AZD9291 is a selective, third generation EGFR-TKI, effective against both EGFR-TKI sensitizing and resistance T790M mutations in preclinical models. We are conducting a phase I study of AZD9291 in EGFR mutant (EGFRm+) NSCLC pts. Methods: EGFRm+ NSCLC pts, with acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs, were enrolled in a multicenter trial (NCT01802632) into dose escalation and expansion cohorts. AZD9291 was administered orally, at doses of 20–240 mg once daily. Stable brain metastases were allowed. All pts were assessed for pharmacokinetics (PK), response to therapy, and adverse events (AEs). Prospective mandatory central T790M testing was required in the expansion cohorts and was optional for dose escalation cohorts. Results: As of 16 January 2014, 199 pts (62% female, median age 60, Asian/Caucasian 65%/32%, immediate prior EGFR-TKI therapy: 57%) were enrolled including 31 across 5 dose levels in the dose escalation and 168 in 8 dose expansion cohorts. Median number of prior EGFR therapies: 1 (range, 1-5). PK was dose proportional, median t1/2 ~50 h. Plasma exposures achieved at all doses are predicted to be efficacious in preclinical models. Among all evaluable pts to date, the confirmed+unconfirmed overall response rate (c+uORR) was 51% (91/177). RECIST responses were observed at all dose levels and in brain metastases. In 132 pts with centrally confirmed T790M, the c+uORR in 89 EGFR T790M+ pts was 64% (95% CI; 53%, 74%) and in 43 EGFR T790M- pts was 23% (95% CI; 12%, 39%).The overall disease control rate (CR+PR+SD) in T790M+ pts was 96% (85/89). Among the 60 pts with a confirmed response, 97% (58/60) were ongoing at data cut-off; longest duration of response to date >8 months. No dose limiting toxicities were observed. Most common AEs (≥15%), mostly CTCAE Grade 1, were: diarrhea (30%), rash (24%), and nausea (17%). Grade 3/4 AEs occurred in 16% of pts. Six pts (3%) had dose reductions. Five reports of ILD-like events are under investigation. Conclusions: AZD9291 has robust efficacy and is well tolerated in EGFRm+ NSCLC pts with acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Pts with EGFR T790M+ tumors have higher ORR with AZD9291 compared with those with EGFR T790M- tumors. Clinical trial information: NCT01802632.
Test procedures for the evaluation of defect tolerance of electrically-stressed polymers (2002)

The influence of conductive defects, able to amplify electric field magnitude, on insulation breakdown is investigated in this paper by short-term tests. Appropriate test cells were used, made according to a Rogowski profile, where a set of semiconductive needle-shaped indents starting from the outer surface is realized. Samples of XLPE specimens were tested, differing for the types of additives used as voltage stabilizer and electrical tree retardant. The results of electric strength measurements are dealt with in the paper, with the purpose to show that the proposed test cell provides Weibull-distributed breakdown data, characterized by acceptable confidence intervals and repeatibility. This enables an effective comparison between materials, even in the case that the presence of additives does not change remarkably material performances. Moreover, the multiplicity of indents helps in averaging the considerable influence of the curvature radius of needles, which may play a fundamental role in the usual test cells realized by needle-plane electrode configuration.
Grape Seed Procyanidins Prevent Oxidative Injury by Modulating the Expression of Antioxidant Enzyme Systems (2005)

In the present paper, we report the effect of a grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) on antioxidant enzyme systems (AOEs). Gene expression was tested using the hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2 by exposing it to several GSPE doses between 0 and 100 mg/L for 24 h. We evaluated mRNA expression and enzyme activity levels using real time RT-PCR and spectrophotometry. The results suggested a transcriptional GSPE regulation of glutathione related enzymes caused by an increase both in mRNA and in enzyme activity levels overall at 15 mg/L. We also assessed the GSPE effect on AOEs in cells submitted to oxidative stress. Under oxidative conditions (1 mM H(2)O(2), 1 h), we found a decrease in GSH content and an increase in MDA, and we suggested a posttranslational regulation of GPx/GR mRNAs and a transcriptional enhancement of GST mRNA. The GSPE pretreatment (15 mg/L, 23 h) before HepG2 submission to H(2)O(2) (1 mM, 1 h) showed an increase of the mRNA of GPx/GR with respect to the H(2)O(2) group, whereas the GSH content was similar to the control group. However, the GPx/GR enzyme activities were not increased. We hypothesize that GSPE probably improves the cellular redox status via glutathione synthesis pathways instead of regulation of the GPx and/or GR activities protecting against oxidative damage.
The Effect of Nitrate and Ammonium Nitrogen on the Free Amino Acid Composition of Tomato Plants and Tomato Fruit1 (1974)

Abstract The N form had a pronounced effect on the levels of free amino acids. When compared to NO 3 , NH 4 brought about a several fold increase in free amino acids (dry basis) in the roots, while smaller increases were observed in mature, fully expanded leaves, in young growing leaves, and in tomato fruit. Plants fed a combination of the 2 N forms had intermediate levels. The pattern of response to NH 4 indicated that aspartic and glutamic acids as well as their amides were predominantly snythesized in the roots when the N source was NH 4 . The site of synthesis shifted to the leaves when the N source was NO 3 . The amino acids arginine, serine, alanine, and γ-aminobutyric acid were predominantly synthesized in the leaves irrespective of N form. Topical application of Ca on fruit grown with NH 4 resulted in amino acid levels in the fruit similar to those of NO 3 fruit. Ammonium toxicity was found to be accompanied by large increases in the levels of GABA and serine in the leaves. It is suggested that ammonium toxicity is a manifestation of intracellular Ca deficiency.
Preservation of myocardial function after adenoviral gene transfer in isolated myocardium (2000)

Adenoviral gene transfer to the heart represents a promising model for structure-function analyses. Rabbit hearts were subjected to an ex vivo perfusion protocol that achieves gene transfer in >90% of cardiac myocytes. Contractile function of isolated myocardial preparations of these hearts was then observed for 2 days in a recently developed trabecula culture system. In sham-infected hearts, the initial developed force (F(init)) (15.6 +/- 3.7 mN/mm(2); n = 12) did not change significantly after 48 h (17.0 +/- 1.9 mN/mm(2); P = 0.46). In adenovirus-infected preparations, F(init) (14.3 +/- 1. 8 mN/mm(2); n = 21) did not significantly differ from the control (P = 0.75) and was unchanged after 48 h (15.3 +/- 2.5 mN/mm(2); P = 0. 93). After 2 days of continuous contractions, we observed homogenous and high-level expression of the reporter genes LacZ coding for beta-galactosidase and Luc coding for firefly luciferase. Luciferase activity increased more than 2,500-fold from background levels of 8. 7 x 10(3 )+/- 5.0 x 10(3) relative light units (RLU)/mg protein (from hearts transfected with promotorless adenovirus with luciferase transgene construct AdNULLLuc, n = 5) to 23.4 x 10(6)+/- 11.1 x 10(6)RLU/mg protein (from hearts tranfected with adenovirus with Rous sarcoma virus promotor and luciferase transgene construct AdRSVLuc, n = 5) in infected myocardial preparations (P < 0.005). Our results demonstrate a new ex vivo approach to achieve homogenous and high-level expression of recombinant adenoviral genes in contracting myocardium without adverse functional effects.
Lest we remember (2009)

Contrary to widespread assumption, dynamic RAM (DRAM), the main memory in most modern computers, retains its contents for several seconds after power is lost, even at room temperature and even if removed from a motherboard. Although DRAM becomes less reliable when it is not refreshed, it is not immediately erased, and its contents persist sufficiently for malicious (or forensic) acquisition of usable full-system memory images. We show that this phenomenon limits the ability of an operating system to protect cryptographic key material from an attacker with physical access to a machine. It poses a particular threat to laptop users who rely on disk encryption: we demonstrate that it could be used to compromise several popular disk encryption products without the need for any special devices or materials. We experimentally characterize the extent and predictability of memory retention and report that remanence times can be increased dramatically with simple cooling techniques. We offer new algorithms for finding cryptographic keys in memory images and for correcting errors caused by bit decay. Though we discuss several strategies for mitigating these risks, we know of no simple remedy that would eliminate them.
Serum gastrin levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. (2003)

The aim of this study was to estimate the levels of serum gastrin in a group of patients with either ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease and to compare the results with those of a group of normal controls. In 108 consecutive patients with IBD (66 with ulcerative colitis, 32 with Crohn's disease and 10 with indetermined colitis) serum levels of gastrin were measured by radioimmunoassay. One hundred and eight normal people were served as controls. The levels of serum gastrin were significantly elevated in patients with Crohn's disease compared to normal controls (74.4 +/- 43.9 pg/ml vs. 47.5 +/- 32.4 pg/ml, P<0.05), irrespectively of the activity of the disease. On the contrary, patients with ulcerative colitis exhibited no significant differences compared to normal controls. Differences between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients were statistically significant (P<0.001). The rate of infection by Helicobacter pylori in patients with inflammatory bowel disease was statistically significantly lower as compared with normal controls (31.7% vs. 55.1%, P<0.001). It is concluded that patients with active or inactive Crohn's disease have increased levels of serum gastrin. This may have implications concerning the high incidence of upper GI lesions found in patients with Crohn's disease despite the very low incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection.
Target Enrichment via DNA Hybridization Capture (2011)

Recent advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies have allowed entire nuclear genomes to be shotgun sequenced from ancient DNA (aDNA) extracts. Nonetheless, targeted analyses of specific genomic loci will remain an important tool for future aDNA studies. DNA capture via hybridization allows the efficient exploitation of current high-throughput sequencing for population genetic analyses using aDNA samples. Specifically, hybridization capture allows larger data sets to be generated for multiple target loci as well as for multiple samples in parallel. "Bait" molecules are used to select target regions from DNA libraries for sequencing. Here we present a brief overview of the currently available hybridization capture protocols using either an in-solution or a solid-phase (immobilized) approach. While it is possible to purchase ready-made kits for this purpose, I present a protocol that allows users to generate their own custom bait to be used for hybridization capture.
A steerable complex wavelet construction and its application to image denoising (2005)

This work addresses the design of a novel complex steerable wavelet construction, the generation of transform-space feature measurements associated with corner and edge presence and orientation properties, and the application of these measurements directly to image denoising. The decomposition uses pairs of bandpass filters that display symmetry and antisymmetry about a steerable axis of orientation. While the angular characterization of the bandpass filters is similar to those previously described, the radial characteristic is new, as is the manner of constructing the interpolation functions for steering. The complex filters have been engineered into a multirate system, providing a synthesis and analysis subband filtering system with good reconstruction properties. Although the performance of our proposed denoising strategy is currently below that of recently reported state-of-the-art techniques in denoising, it does compare favorably with wavelet coring approaches employing global thresholds and with an "Oracle" shrinkage technique, and presents a very promising avenue for exploring structure-based denoising in the wavelet domain.