gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resistance to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) therapy in relapsing acute promyelocytic leukemia: study of in vitro ATRA sensitivity and cellular retinoic acid binding protein levels in leukemic cells [see comments] (1993)

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces leukemic cell differentiation and complete remission (CR) in a high proportion of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML3 subtype). However, relapses occur when ATRA is prescribed as maintenance therapy, and resistance to a second ATRA-induction therapy is frequently observed. An induced hypercatabolism of ATRA has been suggested as a possible mechanism leading to reduced ATRA sensitivity and resistance. CRABPII, an RA cytoplasmic binding protein linked to RA's metabolization pathway, is induced by ATRA in different cell systems. To investigate whether specific features of the AML3 cells at relapse could explain the in vivo resistance observed, we studied the CRABP levels and in vitro sensitivity to ATRA of AML3 cells before and at relapse from ATRA. Relapse-AML3 cells (n = 12) showed reduced differentiation induction when compared with "virgin"-AML3 cells (n = 31; P < .05). Dose-response studies were performed in 2 cases at relapse and showed decreased sensitivity to low ATRA concentrations. CRABPII levels and in vitro differentiation characteristics of AML3 cells before and at relapse from ATRA therapy were studied concomittantly in 4 patients. High levels of CRABPII (median, 20 fmol/mg of protein) were detected in the cells of the 4 patients at relapse but were not detected before ATRA therapy. Three of these patients showed a decrease in differentiation induction of their leukemic cells, and a failure to achieve CR with a second induction therapy of ATRA 45 mg/m2/day was noted in all patients treated (n = 3). Results from this study provide evidence to support the hypothesis of induced-ATRA metabolism as one of the major mechanisms responsible for ATRA resistance. Monitoring CRABPII levels after ATRA withdrawal may help to determine when to administer ATRA in the maintenance or relapse therapy of AML3 patients.
ScentTrails (2003)

The two predominant paradigms for finding information on the Web are browsing and keyword searching. While they exhibit complementary advantages, neither paradigm alone is adequate for complex information goals that lend themselves partially to browsing and partially to searching. To integrate browsing and searching smoothly into a single interface, we introduce a novel approach called ScentTrails. Based on the concept of information scent developed in the context of information foraging theory, ScentTrails highlights hyperlinks to indicate paths to search results. This interface enables users to interpolate smoothly between searching and browsing to locate content matching complex information goals effectively. In a preliminary user study, ScentTrails enabled subjects to find information more quickly than by either searching or browsing alone.
Applying the Residue Number System to Network Inference (2017)

This work explores the lesser studied objective of optimizing the multiply-and-accumulates executed during evaluation of the network. In particular, we propose using the Residue Number System (RNS) as the internal number representation across all layer evaluations, allowing us to explore usage of the more power-efficient RNS multipliers and adders. Using results from simulation of our RNS arithmetic block implementations, we show theoretical power advantages of using RNS for an end-to-end evaluator.
Vegetable Oils, Review of Chemistry and Research Potential of Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Oil (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVegetable Oils, Review of Chemistry and Research Potential of Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) OilN. B. Knoepfler and H. L. E. VixCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1958, 6, 2, 118–121Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60084a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60084a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views229Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inheritance of Fatty Acid Content in Peanut Oil1 (1990)

Abstract The stability or shelf-life of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) oil is related to the fatty acid content of the oil, with the major factor being the ratio of oleic (C18:1) to linoleic (C18:2) acid (O/L ratio). To obtain information needed for development of cultivars with improved oil quality, eight parents representing a range in oleic and linoleic content were crossed in diallel. Individual F1 seeds (F1 embryos) from the greenhouse and F2 bulk seed from the 56 crosses grown in the field were analyzed to determine levels of the eight major fatty acids. General combining ability (GCA) was consistently more important than specific combining ability (SCA) in both generations, suggesting that additive effects are important in the inheritance of fatty acid composition. Maternal effects were significant in the F1 but dissipated in the F2; thus the differences in the environment provided by the maternal parent was more critical to oil composition than heritable extranuclear factors. Reciprocal effects were significant in both generations suggesting an interaction between nuclear and extranuclear factors. Correlations between GCA effects and self means for O/L ratio were nonsignificant. Since no significant correlations were found between percent oil and any of the fatty acids or related variables, selection for improved fatty acid composition should not affect the oil content of seed. Of the lines studied, NC 7, NC-Fla 14, and 73–30 should be used as parents in a breeding program for oil quality.
Pharmacogenetics: the molecular genetics of CYP2D6 dependent drug metabolism. (2000)

Pharmacokinetic differences resulting from these polymorphisms show potentially important clinical consequences.
Design and Characterization of a Room Temperature All-Solid-State Electronic Source Tunable From 2.48 to 2.75 THz (2012)

We report on the design, fabrication and test of an all-solid-state, frequency agile source that produces over across the 2.48-2.75 THz band at room temperature. This frequency-multiplied source is driven by a W-band synthesizer followed by a power amplifier that delivers 350-450 mW (25.5-26.5 dBm) and a cascade of three balanced frequency triplers. The first stage tripler is based on four power-combined six-anode GaAs Schottky diode devices, and the second stage tripler is based on two four-anode GaAs devices. The output tripler uses a single unbiased device featuring two anodes monolithically integrated onto a thin GaAs membrane. The source delivers a record at 2.58 THz at room temperature. This frequency multiplied source is analyzed with a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) and the unwanted harmonics are found to be at least 29 dB below the desired signal. This source, when used as the local oscillator for a hot-electron bolometer mixer, will enable heterodyne instruments for future space missions to map the cosmologically-important 2.675 THz HD molecular line.
A deterministic fault-tolerant and deadlock-free routing protocol in 2-D meshes based on odd-even turn model (2002)

We propose a deterministic fault-tolerant and deadlock-free routing protocol in 2-dimensional (2-D) meshes based on dimension-order routing and the recently proposed odd-even turn model. The proposed protocol, called extended X-Y routing, does not use any virtual channels by prohibiting certain locations of faults and destinations. Faults are contained in a set of disjointed rectangular regions called faulty blocks. The number of faults to be tolerated is unbounded as long as nodes outside faulty blocks are connected in the mesh network. The extended X-Y routing can also be used under a special convex fault region called orthogonal faulty block, which can be derived from a given faulty block by activating some nonfaulty nodes in the block. Extensions to partial adaptive routing, traffic- and adaptivity-balanced using virtual networks, and routing without constraints using virtual channels and virtual networks are also discussed.
Backbone dynamics of the human MIA protein studied by <sup>15</sup>N NMR relaxation: Implications for extended interactions of SH3 domains (2003)

The melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) protein is a clinically valuable marker in patients with malignant melanoma as enhanced values diagnose metastatic melanoma stages III and IV. Here, we report the backbone dynamics of human MIA studied by (15)N NMR relaxation experiments. The folded core of human MIA is found to be rigid, but several loops connecting beta-sheets, such as the RT-loop for example, display increased mobility on picosecond to nanosecond time scales. One of the most important dynamic features is the pronounced flexibility of the distal loop, comprising residues Asp 68 to Ala 75, where motions on time scales up to milliseconds occur. Further, significant exchange contributions are observed for residues of the canonical binding site of SH3 domains including the RT-loop, the n-Src loop, for the loop comprising residues 13 to 19, which we refer to as the"disulfide loop", in part for the distal loop, and the carboxyl terminus of human MIA. The functional importance of this dynamic behavior is discussed with respect to the biological activity of several point mutations of human MIA. The results of this study suggest that the MIA protein and the recently identified highly homologous fibrocyte-derived protein (FDP)/MIA-like (MIAL) constitute a new family of secreted proteins that adopt an SH3 domain-like fold in solution with expanded ligand interactions.
Spinal interleukin‐1β in a mouse model of arthritis and joint pain (2008)

Our results indicate that joint pathology and pain are dependent on spinal IL-1beta, and suggest the presence of a bidirectional central nervous system-peripheral joints crosstalk that may contribute to the development, expansion, and exacerbation of arthritis.
Dress in the Third Dimension (2008)

This article is an analysis of how digital technology and the Internet are changing how we engage in practices of dress and appearance in the 21st century. An exploration of the technologically-assisted ways we see and interact with images of self and the clothing we wear is presented. Applications of body scan images for individuals and businesses to improve fit are examined as well as the interactive technologies being developed that allow individuals to view and dress their own body scans for virtual-try-on, virtual-fit, and virtual-reality applications. Although issues surrounding consumer comfort with, availability of, and profitable business models for these technologies still prevent broad-based adoption, we pose questions about the potential advantages and challenges for the digital, interactive third dimension of dress. Will dress in the third dimension have the same self-defining role that our dress has now in our everyday lives? Will the ability to create imaginary and symbolic virtual worlds affect our relationship to the world where we interact in person with others every day? Will the ability to see ourselves in three dimensions increase acceptance of normal body variations and counteract the popular media images of what constitutes a beautiful body? These are the questions we need to study as interactivity helps us become involved with our dress in new ways.
A role for preadipocytes as macrophage‐like cells (1999)

Several lines of evidence have supported a link betweeen adipose tissue and immunocompetent cells. This link is illustrated in obesity, where excess adiposity and impaired immune function have been described in both humans and genetically obese rodents. In addition, numerous factors involved in inflammatory response are secreted by both preadipocytes and macrophages. Here we show that proliferating preadipocytes in cell lines and primary cultures, develop phagocytic activity toward microorganisms. This is demonstrated by phagocytosis assays and confocal microscopy. This function disappears when preadipocytes stop proliferating and differentiate into adipocytes. After phagocytosis, preadipocytes show microbicide activity via an oxygen-dependent mechanism. In addition, preadipocytes as well as adipocytes are stained with MOMA-2, a marker of monocyte-macrophage lineage, but are negative for specific mature macrophage markers (F4/80 and Mac-1). These results suggest that preadipocytes could function as macrophage-like cells and raise the possibility of a potential direct involvement of adipose tissue in inflammatory processes.
The Fabrication of an Upright‐Standing Zinc Oxide Nanosheet for Use in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (2005)

Upright-standing nanocrystalline ZnO films, with the c-axis parallel to the substrate, are fabricated by the pyrolysis of films made of upright-standing sheets of layered hydroxide zinc carbonate (LHZC) (see Figure). Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) prepared using the ZnO films possess the highest level of conversion efficiency for 1.5 AM illumination in ZnO DSCs due to the specific morphology of the ZnO electrode.
MEROCYANINE DYES: EFFECT OF STRUCTURAL MODIFICATIONS ON PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY (1994)

Merocyanine derivatives were prepared by structural alterations at the barbituric acid or chalcogenazole moieties. The photophysical properties of the dyes were markedly influenced by the presence of selenium rather than sulfur as a substituent at position 2 of the barbiturate. In methanol, quantum yields of both triplet state (phi T) and singlet oxygen sensitization (phi delta) were increased by over an order of magnitude, with a concomitant decrease in fluorescence, when selenium was present in the molecule. Photoisomerization, one of the dominant deactivation pathways in the sulfur- or oxygen-containing analogues, was completely absent in the selenium-containing derivatives. Efficient triplet state formation was observed for selenium-containing derivatives incorporated into L1210 cells by diffuse reflectance laser flash photolysis. Cytotoxicity studies, carried out using clonogenic assays on L1210 leukemia cells, showed a good correlation with phi T and phi delta, measured in solution. Experimental evidence provided by this paper supports a triplet state-, and probably singlet oxygen-, mediated phototoxic mechanism. Photoisomerization or singlet state mechanisms can be discounted.
Identification of a Discrete Region of the G Protein γ Subunit Conferring Selectivity in βγ Complex Formation (1995)

The identification of multiple G protein beta and gamma subunit subtypes suggests a potential diversity of beta gamma heterodimers, which may contribute to the specificity of signal transduction between receptors and effectors. The assembly of beta and gamma subtypes is selective. For example, gamma 1 can assemble with beta 1 but not with beta 2, whereas gamma 2 assembles with both beta isoforms. To identify the structural features of the beta and gamma subunits governing selectivity in heterodimer assembly, a series of nonisoprenylated chimeras of gamma 1 and gamma 2 was constructed, and their interaction with beta 1 and beta 2 was assessed by their ability to direct beta expression to the cytosol in cotransfected COS cells. All of the gamma 1/gamma 2 chimeras were capable of interacting with beta 1 as judged by the cotransfection assay. Chimeras containing gamma 2 sequence near the middle of the molecule between two conserved sequence motifs were capable of interacting as well with beta 2. Among 12 divergent residues in this region, it was found that replacement of three consecutive amino acids in gamma 1, Glu-Glu-Phe (residues 38-40), with the three corresponding amino acids of gamma 2, Ala-Asp-Leu (residues 35-37), conferred the ability to assemble with beta 2. The reciprocal chimera containing Glu-Glu-Phe in the context of gamma 2 failed to assemble with beta 2. The last residue of this triplet is occupied by a leucine in all known mammalian gamma subunits except gamma 1 and appears to be a key determinant of the ability of a gamma subunit to assemble with beta 2. This locus maps to a region of predicted alpha-helical structure in the gamma subunit, likely to represent a point of physical contact with the beta subunit.
Shy Chemicals Offer a Solution (2003)

Sporting fluorine atoms where standard organic compounds have hydrogen, new touch-me-not solvents and catalysts bid to help industrial chemistry clean up its act.
Wide-Band Directional Couplers in Dielectric Waveguide (1987)

In this work, the H guide is proposed as an alternative in designing proximity directional couplers using dielectric guides in order to obtain coupling factors constant with the frequency, thus increasing the bandwidth of these devices. The propagation constants of the even and odd modes of the coupling zones are determined by means of Schelkunoff's method and the effective dielectric constant method (EDCM). Two directional couplers, 10 dB and 3 dB, made of polystyrene and Teflon respectively, were designed and measured to work in the millimetric frequency band (32-40 GHz). The inclusion of metallic walls in the curved zones avoids additional couplings and results in flat coupling. Furthermore, the metallic walls reduce the radiation losses and allow the coupling factor to be finely adjusted. The results obtained show a maximum coupling variation of +-0.5 dB for 20-percent bandwidth.
Présentation du thème des Journées de l'ECF 2009 : comment on devient psychanalyste à l'orée du XXIe siècle : perspective de politique lacanienne, seconde intervention (2009)

International audience
Medical Question Answering for Clinical Decision Support (2016)

The goal of modern Clinical Decision Support (CDS) systems is to provide physicians with information relevant to their management of patient care. When faced with a medical case, a physician asks questions about the diagnosis, the tests, or treatments that should be administered. Recently, the TREC-CDS track has addressed this challenge by evaluating results of retrieving relevant scientific articles where the answers of medical questions in support of CDS can be found. Although retrieving relevant medical articles instead of identifying the answers was believed to be an easier task, state-of-the-art results are not yet sufficiently promising. In this paper, we present a novel framework for answering medical questions in the spirit of TREC-CDS by first discovering the answer and then selecting and ranking scientific articles that contain the answer. Answer discovery is the result of probabilistic inference which operates on a probabilistic knowledge graph, automatically generated by processing the medical language of large collections of electronic medical records (EMRs). The probabilistic inference of answers combines knowledge from medical practice (EMRs) with knowledge from medical research (scientific articles). It also takes into account the medical knowledge automatically discerned from the medical case description. We show that this novel form of medical question answering (Q/A) produces very promising results in (a) identifying accurately the answers and (b) it improves medical article ranking by 40%.
Penicillin biosynthesis: multiple pathways from a modified substrate (1984)

Preparations of the enzyme isopenicillin N synthetase from Cephalosporium acremonium CO 728 convert the modified tripeptide substrate δ-(L-α-aminoadipoyl)-L-cysteingyl-D-allylgycine into penam, homoceph-3-em, hydroxycepham, and hydroxyhomocepham type products; these have been isolated and their structures established.
Nevada Renewable Energy Training Project: Geothermal Power Plant Operators (2014)

The purpose of this project was to develop and institute a training program for certified geothermal power plant operators (GPO). An advisory board consisting of subject matter experts from the geothermal energy industry and academia identified the critical skill sets required for this profession. A 34-credit Certificate of Achievement (COA), Geothermal Power Plant Operator, was developed using eight existing courses and developing five new courses. Approval from the Nevada System of Higher Education Board of Regents was obtained. A 2,400 sq. ft. geothermal/fluid mechanics laboratory and a 3,000 sq. ft. outdoor demonstration laboratory were constructed for hands-on training. Students also participated in field trips to geothermal power plants in the region. The majority of students were able to complete the program in 2-3 semesters, depending on their level of math proficiency. Additionally the COA allowed students to continue to an Associate of Applied Science (AAS), Energy Technologies with an emphasis in Geothermal Energy (26 additional credits), if they desired. The COA and AAS are stackable degrees, which provide students with an ongoing career pathway. Articulation agreements with other NSHE institutions provide students with additional opportunities to pursue a Bachelor of Applied Science in Management or Instrumentation. Job placement for COA graduates has been excellent.
Common Variants within MECP2 Confer Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2008)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a predominantly female autoimmune disease that affects multiple organ systems. Herein, we report on an X-chromosome gene association with SLE. Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) is located on chromosome Xq28 and encodes for a protein that plays a critical role in epigenetic transcriptional regulation of methylation-sensitive genes. Utilizing a candidate gene association approach, we genotyped 21 SNPs within and around MECP2 in SLE patients and controls. We identify and replicate association between SLE and the genomic element containing MECP2 in two independent SLE cohorts from two ethnically divergent populations. These findings are potentially related to the overexpression of methylation-sensitive genes in SLE.
New peptide models for studying racemization. (1978)

A new test for racemization was developed and used to assess known coupling reagents and procedures. The procedure consists of coupling between BOC-Ala-Met-Leu-OH and tert-butyl ester of amino acid [Leu, Ile or Asp (OBut)], cleaving of the resulting peptide by cyanogen bromide to form dipeptide diastereomers, and analyzing both isomers with an amino acid analyzer. The following results were obtained : 1) The DCC-additive (Eintopf) method, especially the HONB-DCC procedure, was somewhat superior to the standard azide method. 2) Even in the azide method, epimerization during peptide bond formation considerably increased in the presence of excess base. 3) Significant racemization was observed in some of the known coupling methods which have been shown, by the Young or Anderson test, to be free from racemization.