gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reactivities of some hydroperoxides toward allylic rearrangement and related reactions (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactivities of some hydroperoxides toward allylic rearrangement and related reactionsHai Shan Dang, Alwyn G. Davies, Ian G. E. Davison, and Carl H. SchiesserCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 5, 1432–1438Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00292a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00292a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views583Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Research Note: Internal/external seismic source wavefield separation and cancellation (2012)

ABSTRACT A compact representation is obtained for the separation of a scalar wavefield on a closed surface into parts due to internal and external sources. The formula assumes that the total field and its gradients are known on the surface, as is the exact Green function of the medium. The derivation involves four rather straightforward applications of Green’s theorem or the representation theorem, though it is a remarkable result in that waves from either source that traverse the boundary many times are appropriately separated. The intermediate results at the four steps of the derivation also shed light on the possibility of acoustic shielding from unwanted sources without knowledge of the Green function for the medium.
Inference in belief networks: A procedural guide (1996)

Belief networks are popular tools for encoding uncertainty in expert systems. These networks rely on inference algorithms to compute beliefs in the context of observed evidence. One established method for exact inference on belief networks is the probability propagation in trees of clusters (PPTC) algorithm, as developed by Lauritzen and Spiegelhalter and refined by Jensen et al. PPTC converts the belief network into a secondary structure, then computes probabilities by manipulating the secondary structure. In this document, we provide a self-contained, procedural guide to understanding and implementing PPTC. We synthesize various optimizations to PPTC that are scattered throughout the literature. We articulate undocumented “open secrets” that are vital to producing a robust and efficient implementation of PPTC. We hope that this document makes probabilistic inference more accessible and affordable to those without extensive prior exposure.
Alcohol, benzodiazepine-GABAA receptor complex and aggression: ethological analysis of individual differences in rodents and primates. (1993)

Research in animals has only recently been successful in reliably mimicking the long-established link between alcohol and heightened aggressive behavior. The present review highlights the large individual differences in the effects of acute low alcohol doses on aggressive behavior in rodent and primate species, paralleling the human condition. Subpopulations of both species show reliable and repeatable enhancement of aggressive behavior when administered low, acute alcohol doses. Statistical analysis of the temporal patterns of aggressive behavior indicate that alcohol prolongs aggressive bouts or "bursts" and increases the number of aggressive behaviors within each burst. However, the latency to initiate attack and the time between aggressive bursts are relatively unaltered by alcohol. These alcohol-induced increases in aggression can be potentiated by benzodiazepine agonists and prevented by antagonists. In addition, highly aggressive animals can be differentiated from nonaggressive ones at the GABAA-benzodiazepine receptor complex. These data suggest an important link between alcohol, aggression and the GABAA-benzodiazepine receptor complex.
Cyclostationary-based jammer detection for wideband radios using compressed sensing and artificial neural network (2017)

Cognitive radio is a promising technology for frequency allocation to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency of licensed bands. However, in recent years, the attention of the researchers is focused on security issues that have to be faced by cognitive radio technology. One of the most important issues consists of radio frequency jamming attacks, where adversaries can use on-the-fly reconfigurability and learning capabilities of cognitive radios in order to devise and deploy advanced jamming tactics. Jamming attacks can noticeably affect the performance of wireless communication systems and can lead to significant overhead in terms of data re-transmission and increased power consumption. In this article, a novel compressed sensing-based jammer detection algorithm is proposed using cyclic spectral analysis and artificial neural networks for wideband cognitive radios. A wideband spectrum is considered that is composed of multiple narrowband signals. Narrowband signals can be legitimate or jamming signals. Compressed sensing is used to reduce the overhead of the analog-to-digital conversion and it allows one to estimate a wideband spectrum with sub-Nyquist rate sampling. After the signal has been estimated, the second-order statistics, namely, spectral correlation function, is computed to extract cyclic features of the wideband signal. Finally, a pre-trained artificial neural network is proposed to classify each narrowband signal as a legitimate or jamming signal. Performances of proposed algorithm are shown with Monte-Carlo simulations under different empirical setups.
The CONNECT project: Combining macro- and micro-structure (2013)

In recent years, diffusion MRI has become an extremely important tool for studying the morphology of living brain tissue, as it provides unique insights into both its macrostructure and microstructure. Recent applications of diffusion MRI aimed to characterize the structural connectome using tractography to infer connectivity between brain regions. In parallel to the development of tractography, additional diffusion MRI based frameworks (CHARMED, AxCaliber, ActiveAx) were developed enabling the extraction of a multitude of micro-structural parameters (axon diameter distribution, mean axonal diameter and axonal density). This unique insight into both tissue microstructure and connectivity has enormous potential value in understanding the structure and organization of the brain as well as providing unique insights to abnormalities that underpin disease states. The CONNECT (Consortium Of Neuroimagers for the Non-invasive Exploration of brain Connectivity and Tracts) project aimed to combine tractography and micro-structural measures of the living human brain in order to obtain a better estimate of the connectome, while also striving to extend validation of these measurements. This paper summarizes the project and describes the perspective of using micro-structural measures to study the connectome.
Efficiency optimization of a direct torque controlled induction motor used in hybrid electric vehicles (2011)

The main contribution of this paper is the application of Loss Minimization control algorithm of a three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor which is used in parallel with an internal combustion engine (ICE), in hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). During steady state operation of the electric motor, the electric motor's optimal motor flux profile minimizes the electric motor losses and maximizes the overall HEV efficiency, hybridization factor (HF). During steady state operation of the direct torque controlled (DTC) induction motor, loss minimization is achieved by adjusting the magnitude of the stator flux reference as a function of the vehicle driver (pedal acceleration) and the coordinated control. The proposed stator flux optimization method initially uses a Loss Model Controller (LMC) which provides the real time fast gross approximation of the optimum motor flux and sequential uses a real time fuzzy logic search controller (FLSC). The FLSC control system, provides the real-time refinement of the motor's flux adjustment on the basis of search during the steady states. Due to the FLSC the electric motor's flux level fluctuates in steps until the measurement of electric motor's input electric power settles at a minimum. The dynamic model of the electric motor and the suggested control algorithm designed by using the MATLAB/Fuzzy Logic Toolbox®. The control algorithm is validated by numerical results by using the digital signal processor of eZdspF2812 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> . Experimental results will be available upon conclusion of the laboratory testing on a 10 hp, 500 kg HEV in which an 5 hp IM is coupled in parallel with an ICE on the drive shaft of the wheels.
Middleware for Wireless Process Control Systems (2004)

These results suggest that rabbit models of limbal stem cell deficiency must be rigorously screened for use in preclinical studies to ensure experimental homogeneity because protocols used to create limbal stem cell deficiency could be not associated with good intra-laboratory reproducibility of clinical features. Limbal stem cell deficiency, as induced herein, altered the optical anisotropic properties of the corneal stroma. Such alterations are indicative of changes in collagen packing and the spatial orientation of glycosaminoglycan chains from proteoglycans. Knowledge of these changes is important to potentiate strategies aimed at restoring the morphofunctional integrity of the corneal stroma affected by limbal stem cell deficiency.
La experiencia clínica del Dr. Du Xiao en el tratamiento con acupuntura (1999)

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a monopartite geminivirus, and one of the most devastating plant viruses in the world. TYLCV is traditionally known to encode six viral proteins in bidirectional and partially overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). However, recent studies have shown that TYLCV encodes additional small proteins with specific subcellular localizations and potential virulence functions. Here, a novel protein named C7, encoded by a newly-described ORF in the complementary strand, was identified as part of the TYLCV proteome using mass spectrometry. The C7 protein localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm, both in the absence and presence of the virus. C7 was found to interact with two other TYLCV-encoded proteins: with C2 in the nucleus, and with V2 in the cytoplasm, forming conspicuous granules. Mutation of C7 start codon ATG to ACG to block the translation of C7 delayed the onset of viral infection, and the mutant virus caused milder virus symptoms and less accumulations of viral DNAs and proteins. Using the potato virus X (PVX)-based recombinant vector, we found that ectopic overexpression of C7 resulted in more severe mosaic symptoms and promoted a higher accumulation of PVX-encoded coat protein in the late virus infection stage. In addition, C7 was also found to inhibit GFP-induced RNA silencing moderately. This study demonstrates that the novel C7 protein encoded by TYLCV is a pathogenicity factor and a weak RNA silencing suppressor, and that it plays a critical role during TYLCV infection.
Labeled Putrescine as a Probe In Brain Tumors (1983)

The polyamine metabolism of transplanted N-nitrosomethylurea-derived rat glioma was determined with radiolabeled putrescine used as a marker for malignancy. The uptake of putrescine in vivo was complete within 5 minutes and was specific for tumor tissue. The conversion of putrescine to spermine and other metabolites by the tumor was rapid, in contrast to the case for adjacent normal brain. These results suggest that putrescine labeled with carbon-11 may be used as a positron-emission tomographic tracer for the selective metabolic imaging of brain tumor and may be used in an appropriate model as a marker for tumor growth rate.
High doses of nicotinamide prevent oxidative mitochondrial dysfunction in a cellular model and improve motor deficit in a <i>Drosophila</i> model of Parkinson's disease (2008)

Nicotinamide, the principal form of niacin (vitamin B3), has been proposed to be neuroprotective in Parkinson's disease. However, the effects and mechanisms of nicotinamide on motor function in animals and on mitochondrial function in cellular systems have not been well studied. We hypothesized that niacin-derived NAD(P)H as antioxidants and enzyme cofactors could inhibit oxidative damage and improve mitochondrial function and thus protect neurodegeneration and improve motor function. In the present study, the effects of nicotinamide on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress were studied in a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced cellular model of Parkinson's disease, and the effects of improving motor dysfunction were studied in an alpha-synuclein transgenic Drosophila Parkinson's model. Mitochondrial function was tested by measuring the activity of mitochondrial complex I and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and oxidative damage was tested by measuring reactive oxygen species, DNA damage (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and Comet assay), and protein oxidation (protein carbonyls) levels. Nicotinamide at a relatively higher concentration, that is, 100-fold of the level in the cell culture medium (101 mg/L), significantly protected SK-N-MC human neuroblastoma cells from an MPP(+)-induced decrease in cell viability, complex I and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity, and an increase in oxidant generation, DNA damage, and protein oxidation. In the Drosophila model, nicotinamide at 15 and 30 mg/100 g diet significantly improved climbing ability. These results suggest that nutritional supplementation of nicotinamide at high doses decreases oxidative stress and improves mitochondrial and motor function in cellular and/or Drosophila models and may be an effective strategy for preventing and ameliorating Parkinson's disease.
CD7 is associated with CD3 and CD45 on human T cells. (1994)

The CD7 cluster of mAb identifies a 40-kDa glycopolypeptide that is present on a major subset of human T cells. CD7 Ag mediates an accessory pathway of T cell activation in that cross-linked CD7 mAb are mitogenic, and signals delivered via CD7 Ag stimulate integrin-mediated adhesion. We have found that the CD7 molecule is associated with a tyrosine kinase whose major substrate is CD45. In vitro phosphorylation of CD7, CD3, or CD45 immunoprecipitates prepared from lysates of human T cells showed a similar pattern of multiple phosphorylated polypeptides; in addition, these immunoprecipitates phosphorylated a tyrosine kinase-specific peptide. Surface-iodinated T cells were lysed and immunoprecipitated with CD7, CD3, and CD45 mAb. Bands characteristic of CD45 and CD3 were identified in CD7 immunoprecipitates. Confirmation of an association of CD7 with CD3 and CD45 was obtained from Western blotting and fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments. Furthermore, we provide evidence using immunoprecipitation and Western blotting that CD7 exists as a homodimer. These data support the hypothesis that CD7 exists in an oligomeric complex with CD3/TCR, the protein tyrosine phosphatase CD45, and a tyrosine kinase, thereby providing a physical basis for the accessory role of the CD7 molecule in T cell activation.
A digitally controlled power amplifier with neutralization capacitors for Zigbee™ applications (2012)

This paper presents a single chip CMOS power amplifier with neutralization capacitors for Zigbee™ system according to IEEE 802.15.4. A novel structure with digital interface is adopted, which allows the output power of a PA to be controlled by baseband signal directly, so there is no need for DAC. The neutralization capacitors will increase reverse isolation. The chip is implemented in SMIC 0.18 μm CMOS technology. Measurement shows that the proposed power amplifier has a 13.5 dB power gain, 3.48 dBm output power and 35.1% PAE at P1dB point. The core area is 0.73 × 0.55 mm2.
Electrochemistry of Gold in Aqueous Sulfuric Acid Solutions under Neural Stimulation Conditions (2005)

The electrochemistry of gold in 50 mM aqueous sulfuric acid solutions under conditions typical of neural stimulation (cathodic-first current pulsing at 50 Hz) was studied in oxygen-free and oxygenated solutions. As the electrode was pulsed from vs. a reference hydrogen electrode using a pulse in oxygen-free solutions, (i) the initial of injected charge was stored in the double layer, (ii) the next was accommodated by double-layer charging plus an undetermined process consuming about , and (iii) when the electrode potential reached approximately , water reduction consumed all further charge. In oxygen-saturated solution, the unrecoverable charge (associated with irreversible reactions) was not significantly different from the deaerated situation throughout the pulse period, but the electrode potential was less negative, consistent with oxygen reduction. Oxygen reduction appears reversible during a pulse, provided the electrode is clamped back to immediately after the pulse. If an open-circuit period was introduced between the current pulse and application of the reversal potential, unrecoverable charge accumulated more rapidly in oxygen-saturated solution, suggesting that processes occurring during the interpulse interval of neural stimulation may produce potentially damaging reaction products.
Critical Complications of COVID-19: A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis study (2020)

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel coronavirus infection that has spread worldwide in a short period and caused a pandemic. The goal of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the prevalence of most common symptoms and complications of COVID-19. Methods All related studies assessing the clinical complications of COVID-19 have been identified through web search databases (PubMed and Scopus). Relevant data were extracted from these studies and analyzed by stata (ver 14) random-effects model. The heterogeneity of studies were assessed by I 2 index. The publication bias was examined by Funnel plots and Egger’s test. Results 30 studies were in our meta-analysis including 6 389 infected patients. The prevalence of most common symptoms were: fever 84.30% (95% CI: 77.13-90.37; I 2 =97.74%), cough 63.01% (95% CI: 57.63-68.23; I 2 =93.73%), dyspnea 37.16% (95% CI: 27.31-47.57%; I 2 =98.32%), fatigue 34.22% (95% CI: 26.29-42.62; I 2 =97.29%) and diarrhea 11.47 %(95% CI: 6.96-16.87; I 2 =95.58%), respectively. The most prevalent complications were acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) 33.15% (95% CI: 23.35-43.73; I 2 =98.56%), acute cardiac injury 13.77% (95% CI: 9.66-18.45; I 2 =91.36%), arrhythmia 16.64% (95% CI: 9.34-25.5; I 2 =92.29%), heart failure 11.50% (95% CI: 3.45-22.83; I 2 =89.48%), and acute kidney injury (AKI) 8.40 %(95% CI: 5.15-12.31; I 2 =95.22%, respectively. According to our analysis, mortality rate of COVID-19 patients were 12.29% (95% CI: 6.20-19.99; I 2 =98.29%). Conclusion We assessed the prevalence of the main clinical complications of COVID-19 and found that after respiratory complications, cardiac and renal complications are the most common clinical complications of COVID-19. Highlights ▪ The most prevalent complication among critical cases of COVID-19 is ARDS. ▪ After pulmonary complications, cardiovascular complications (like arrhythmia, heart failure and acute cardiac injury) are the most important threats for COVID-19 patients. ▪ Renal complications (like AKI) happen as a result of COVID-19, but they are less prevalent than pulmonary and cardiovascular complications.
Tri-Phasic Size- and Janus Balance-Tunable Colloidal Nanoparticles (JNPs) (2014)

These studies show synthesis of triphasic size- and Janus balance (JB)-tunable nanoparticles (JNPs) utilizing a two-step emulsion polymerization of pentafluorostyrene (PFS) and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and <i>n</i>-butyl acrylate (nBA) in the presence of poly(methyl methacrylate (MMA)/nBA) nanoparticle seeds. Each JNP consists of three phase-separated copolymers: p(MMA/nBA) core, temperature, and pH-responsive (p(DMAEMA/nBA)) phase capable of reversible size and shape changes, and shape-adoptable (p(PFS/nBA)) phase. Due to built-in second-order lower critical solution temperature (II-LCST) transition of p(DMAEMA/nBA) copolymer, macromolecular segments collapse when temperature increases from 30 to 45 °C, resulting in size and shape changes. The p(DMAEMA/nBA) and p(MMA/nBA) phases within each JNP assume concave, flat, or convex shapes, forcing p(PFS/nBA) phase to adopt convex, planar, or concave interfacial curvatures, respectively. As a result, the JB can be tuned from 3.78 to 0.72. The presence of pH-responsive DMAEMA component also facilitates the size and JB changes due to protonation of the tertiary amine groups of p(DMAEMA/nBA) backbone. Synthesized in this manner, JNPs are capable of stabilizing oil droplets in water at high pH to form Pickering emulsions, which at lower pH values release oil phase. This process is reversible and can be repeated many times.
Prehospital Analgesia With Ketamine for Combat Wounds: A Case Series (2014)

In this small, retrospective sample of combat casualties, ketamine appeared to be a safe and effective battlefield analgesic.
Releasing eHealth Analytics into the Wild (2018)

The SPHERE project is devoted to advancing eHealth in a smart-home context, and supports full-scale sensing and data analysis to enable a generic healthcare service. We describe, from a data-science perspective, our experience of taking the system out of the laboratory into more than thirty homes in Bristol, UK. We describe the infrastructure and processes that had to be developed along the way, describe how we train and deploy Machine Learning systems in this context, and give a realistic appraisal of the state of the deployed systems.
Polyorganosilazanes (1964)

Abstract Since dialkyldichlorosilanes yield almost entirely the cyclic trimeric and tetrameric silazanes by ammonolysis, a method had to be found to convert these oligomers into polymers. This can be done by heating the cyclic compounds with a catalytic amount of ammonium halides, preferably ammonium bromide or ammonium iodide, at 160°C. or more over a period of 6–8 hr. at atmospheric pressure. During this time ammonia is evolved, and there remains an oily polymer containing some silicon–halogen bonds. These are converted into SiN bonds by treating the raw polymer in ethereal solution with gaseous ammonia, yielding colorless waxy polysilazanes after evaporation of the solvent. The structures, spectra, properties, and reactions of these new polymers are discussed.
Protection of Correlative Rights in Wyoming (1968)

the opportunity afforded the owner of each property in a pool to produce, so far as it is reasonably practicable to do so without waste, his just and equitable share of the oil or gas, or both, in the pool.