gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PAL: an intelligent help system (1990)

Article PAL: an intelligent help system Share on Author: Jane Silber System Research and Development Institute, Teijin Ltd., Urban-Net Yokohama Bldg., 9th Floor, 5-2 Nihon-odori, Naka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231, Japan System Research and Development Institute, Teijin Ltd., Urban-Net Yokohama Bldg., 9th Floor, 5-2 Nihon-odori, Naka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231, JapanView Profile Authors Info & Claims IEA/AIE '90: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Industrial and engineering applications of artificial intelligence and expert systems - Volume 2June 1990 Pages 882–889https://doi.org/10.1145/98894.98903Online:01 June 1990Publication History 0citation359DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads359Last 12 Months0Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Increased airway iron as a potential factor in the persistence of<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>infection in cystic fibrosis (2007)

Iron availability is critical to many bacteria and increased iron has been described in airway secretions in cystic fibrosis (CF). The main aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between iron in CF sputum and the quantitative bacterial burden. Iron, ferritin and total cell counts (TCC) were assessed in sputum samples obtained from 15 clinically stable CF patients chronically infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sputum samples were also obtained at the commencement of episodes of acute exacerbation in 10 subjects and analyses were repeated in six of these exacerbation cases after i.v. antibiotic treatment. The relationship between iron indices and the presence of P. aeruginosa, as well as total anaerobic bacterial load, was determined. Sputum was also obtained from 10 CF patients with no evidence of infection with P. aeruginosa and 11 normal healthy controls. Sputum iron, ferritin and TCC were significantly elevated in all CF patients, even in those not infected with P. aeruginosa, compared with healthy controls. There was a strong positive relationship between sputum iron and P. aeruginosa in clinically stable patients, but not in samples obtained during an acute exacerbation. There was no relationship between sputum iron and anaerobic bacterial load. Antibiotic treatment significantly reduced sputum TCC and anaerobic bacterial load, but not iron, ferritin or the presence of P. aeruginosa during an exacerbation. In conclusion, the present study suggests that increased airway iron may be important to Pseudomonas aeruginosa persistence in cystic fibrosis.
Human papillomavirus DNA in urine samples compared with that in simultaneously collected urethra and cervix samples (1993)

A polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the occurrence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in urine samples compared with that in urethra and cervix samples simultaneously collected with brushes. Of 138 presumably healthy military conscripts, 12 (8%) had HPV DNA-positive urethra samples and 8 (5%) had HPV DNA-positive urine samples. Both the urine and urethra cell samples of five men were positive, with identical types found in the paired specimens. Seven had HPV DNA-positive urethra samples only, and three had HPV DNA-positive urine samples only. Five of 7 urethra samples from males and 11 of 12 urethra samples from females, who were among patients consulting a clinic for adolescents, were positive for HPV DNA. Among those patients whose urethras were positive for HPV DNA, the corresponding urine samples of 3 of the 5 men and all the 11 women were also positive, with one or two HPV types being in common within the paired samples. Among female patients referred to a colposcopy clinic, 49% (241 of 489) of the cervical cell samples and 38% (187 of 489) of the urine specimens were found to be HPV DNA positive. Of the patients whose cervixes were positive for HPV DNA, 65% (158 of 241) of the simultaneously collected urine samples were also positive for HPV DNA. On the other hand, 84% (158 of 187) of the patients with HPV DNA in their urine also had HPV DNA in their cervical samples. Although not all individuals with genital HPV infections could be identified as HPV positive by analysis of urine samples, at least in epidemiological surveys in which invasive samples are difficult to obtain, such as from children, analysis of urine could be an alternative means of identifying HPV DNA.
On the Accuracy of Dense Fisheye Stereo (2016)

Fisheye cameras offer a large field of view, which is important for several robotics applications as a larger field of view allows for covering a large area with a single image. In contrast to classical cameras, however, fisheye cameras cannot be approximated well using the pinhole camera model and this renders the computation of depth information from fisheye stereo image pairs more complicated. In this work, we analyze the combination of an epipolar rectification model for fisheye stereo cameras with existing dense methods. This has the advantage that existing dense stereo systems can be applied as a black-box even with cameras that have field of view of more than 180° to obtain dense disparity information. We thoroughly investigate the accuracy potential of such fisheye stereo systems using image data from our UAV. The empirical analysis is based on image pairs of a calibrated fisheye stereo camera system and two state-of-the-art algorithms for dense stereo applied to adequately rectified image pairs from fisheye stereo cameras. The canonical stochastic model for sensor points assumes homogeneous uncertainty and we generalize this model based on an empirical analysis using a test scene consisting of mutually orthogonal planes. We show that: (1) the combination of adequately rectified fisheye image pairs and dense methods provides dense 3D point clouds at 6-7 Hz on our autonomous multicopter UAV; (2) the uncertainty of points depends on their angular distance from the optical axis; (3) how to estimate the variance component as a function of that distance; and (4) how the improved stochastic model improves the accuracy of the scene points.
Crystal Structures of Active Fully Assembled Substrate- and Product-Bound Complexes of UDP-<i>N</i>-Acetylmuramic Acid:<scp>l</scp>-Alanine Ligase (MurC) from<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> (2003)

UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid:L-alanine ligase (MurC) catalyzes the addition of the first amino acid to the cytoplasmic precursor of the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan. The crystal structures of Haemophilus influenzae MurC in complex with its substrate UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid (UNAM) and Mg(2+) and of a fully assembled MurC complex with its product UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine (UMA), the nonhydrolyzable ATP analogue AMPPNP, and Mn(2+) have been determined to 1.85- and 1.7-A resolution, respectively. These structures reveal a conserved, three-domain architecture with the binding sites for UNAM and ATP formed at the domain interfaces: the N-terminal domain binds the UDP portion of UNAM, and the central and C-terminal domains form the ATP-binding site, while the C-terminal domain also positions the alanine. An active enzyme structure is thus assembled at the common domain interfaces when all three substrates are bound. The MurC active site clearly shows that the gamma-phosphate of AMPPNP is positioned between two bound metal ions, one of which also binds the reactive UNAM carboxylate, and that the alanine is oriented by interactions with the positively charged side chains of two MurC arginine residues and the negatively charged alanine carboxyl group. These results indicate that significant diversity exists in binding of the UDP moiety of the substrate by MurC and the subsequent ligases in the bacterial cell wall biosynthesis pathway and that alterations in the domain packing and tertiary structure allow the Mur ligases to bind sequentially larger UNAM peptide substrates.
Disulfide Bond-Containing Ajoene Analogues As Novel Quorum Sensing Inhibitors of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2016)

Since its discovery 22 years ago, the bacterial cell-to-cell communication system, termed quorum sensing (QS), has shown potential as antipathogenic target. Previous studies reported that ajoene from garlic inhibits QS in opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, screening of an in-house compound library revealed two sulfur-containing compounds which possess structural resemblance with ajoene and inhibit QS in bioreporter assay. Following a quantitative structure-activity relationship (SAR) study, 25 disulfide bond-containing analogues were synthesized and tested for QS inhibition activities. SAR study indicated that the allyl group could be replaced with other substituents, with the most active being benzothiazole derivative (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.56 μM). The compounds were able to reduce QS-regulated virulence factors (elastase, rhamnolipid, and pyocyanin) and successfully inhibit P. aeruginosa infection in murine model of implant-associated infection. Altogether, the QS inhibition activity of the synthesized compounds is encouraging for further exploration of novel analogues in antimicrobial drug development.
World cities in a world-system (1995)

Evidence of the globalization of the world economy is everywhere, from supermarket shelves to clothes tags. Similarly, the dominance of a relatively small number of cities within world affairs is continually scrolled through newcasts, business reports, and popular media. At face value, there is nothing very special in this: it is widely accepted as part of the conventional wisdom about the state of the world today. Closer scrutiny, however, reveals both the globalization of the economy and its associated patterns of urbanization to involve much more than meets the eye in the supermarket or on the television news. Both rest on a complex web of interdependent and quite stealthy processes that are, collectively, of fundamental importance to the political economy of contemporary societies. In this book, the nature of world cities and their relationships with one another and with the world economy are examined within various conceptual frameworks and analysed at several spatial scales. This chapter introduces the major themes of the book, setting them within the context of different perspectives on globalization and on world cities.
Analysis of Fentanyl and 18 Novel Fentanyl Analogs and Metabolites by LC–MS-MS, and report of Fatalities Associated with Methoxyacetylfentanyl and Cyclopropylfentanyl (2018)

Methoxyacetylfentanyl and cyclopropylfentanyl are two of the newest illicit opioids that are infiltrating the heroin market. Methoxyacetylfentanyl and cyclopropylfentanyl were reported by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) in their third quarter report of 2017 to have been chemically identified seven and five times, respectively, from drug evidence analyzed by the DEA's lab system; Q3 was the first time cyclopropylfentanyl was identified by the DEA's lab system, while methoxyacetylfentanyl was reported one time in Q2 2017. A method was developed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for the quantitation of fentanyl, norfentanyl and 17 fentanyl analogs: furanylfentanyl, butyrylfentanyl, despropionylfentanyl (4-ANPP), methoxyacetylfentanyl, tetrahydrofuran fentanyl, fluoro-isobutyrylfentanyl, acrylfentanyl, para-fluorofentanyl, ortho-fluorofentanyl, carfentanil, beta-methylfentanyl, isobutyrylfentanyl, para-methylfentanyl, cyclopentylfentanyl, cyclopropylfentanyl, beta-hydroxyfentanyl and alpha-methylfentanyl. The calibration range for all compounds was 0.1-100 ng/mL. Blood samples from 42 postmortem cases involving cyclopropylfentanyl and methoxyacetylfentanyl from Florida, Illinois, Michigan and Tennessee were submitted for toxicological analysis. The mean and median concentration for the cases testing positive for cyclopropylfentanyl (n = 32) was 15.3 (±11.9) ng/mL and 12.3 ng/mL, respectively, with a range of 1.4-43.3 ng/mL. The mean (±SD) and median concentrations for the 11 cases quantitatively confirmed (3 cases were below the limit of quantitation) for methoxyacetylfentanyl was 17.7 (±11.4) ng/mL and 15.1 ng/mL respectively, with a range of 0.21-39.9 ng/mL. These novel illicit substances typically are outside the scope of routine drug testing by hospitals and toxicology laboratories or below the sensitivity levels for the detection of these substances in biological specimens. These compounds have not previously been studied in humans; therefore, it is significant to be able to associate the pharmacological effects derived from case reports to the quantitative values found in the postmortem specimens.
A new screening tool for diabetic retinopathy: the Canon CR5 45NM retinal camera with Frost Medical Software RIS-Lite digital imaging system (1997)

The introduction of the Canon CR5 45NM non-mydriatic retinal camera with the Frost Medical Software RIS-Lite digital imaging system provides a new screening tool for diabetic retinopathy with potential for remote diagnosis and telemedicine. This paper presents a description and early evaluation of the system.
Infrared Free Electron Laser, Resonator Parameters Optimization with GENESIS, OPC and GLAD Codes (2011)

A wide range-infrared free electron laser (IR-FEL) is being constructed for science and industrial applications in the Accelerator Technologies Institute, Ankara University. In the facility, in order to obtain electron beam with energy 40 MeV, 4.5 cell RF cavities are considered. IR-FEL system covers 2.5-250 µm wavelength range that based on 15-40 MeV e-linac and two undulators to generate up to 250 μm coherent infrared radiations. In this study, IR-FEL Resonator System parameters, mirror parameters, undulator parameters besides mirror diffraction losses are calculated and optimized with analytically and by using Optical Propagation Code and GENESIS 1.3. These Codes are also used to simulate beam behavior inside the resonator and along the undulator while GLAD Code is used for mirror diffraction losses.
Distinguishing DNA by Analog‐to‐Digital‐like Conversion by Using Optofluidic Lasers (2011)

Laser precision: A highly sensitive technique based on laser emission for differentiating a target DNA strand from strands that contain single base mismatches has been developed. Laser emission is used to amplify the small difference in signals that are generated by the different strands after hybridization with a molecular beacon (MB, see picture) in a conversion that is similar to analog-to-digital. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Claus Processing of Novel Acid Gas Streams (1982)

Plants to produce low-sulfur fuels from coal, oil shale, tar sands or heavy oil frequently are conceived to use the Claus process to produce byproduct sulfur. Often the plant concept imposes unacceptable technical burdens on the Claus section. This paper points out some of the problems, and some solutions. In particular, the paper discusses a Claus type process recently developed with special application to coal and oil gasification plants. The new Selectox process can achieve ninety-five percent conversion of hydrogen sulfide even though the initial H2S concentration is below the level previously feasible for Claus processing. The effects of various minor components of Claus feed are discussed.
Multiscale overlap-add sinusoidal modeling using matching pursuit and refinements (2002)

Sinusoidal models have proven useful for speech and audio analysis, modification, synthesis, and compression. We describe an adaptive multiscale overlap-add sinusoidal model based on the matching pursuit algorithm and various refinements such as conjugate pursuit and orthogonal subspace projection. The model is useful for scalable audio coding and signal modification.
Power efficient low latency survivor memory architecture for Viterbi decoder (2008)

Viterbi decoder is a common module in communication system in which power and decoding latency are constraint. Register exchange (RE) architecture has the lowest decoding latency L. However, it is not suitable for communication system because of its high power consumption. In this paper, we propose a new SMU architecture which combines the concept of the trace-forward and trace-back. The decoding latency of the proposed SMU algorithm is only L+M. Besides, we present a power efficient architecture for the proposed SMU algorithm. We implement the proposed architecture in TSMC 0.13 um technology. The power consumption of the proposed architecture is slightly higher than the 3-pointer even TB architecture.
Electron beam system of the Tevatron Electron Lens (2002)

The goal of the beam-beam compensation project at Fermalb is to improve performance of the Tevatron collider. The first of the two Tevatron Electron Lens (TEL) for betatron tune correction of individual antiproton bunches has been recently built, commissioned and installed in the Tevatron. The first series of studies demonstrated a good agreement of the tuneshift of 980 GeV protons with theory. We describe the electron beam system of the TEL, which includes vacuum system, electron gun, collector, ion and secondary electron cleaning electrodes, beam diagnostics (BPMs, current monitors, scrapers, wire scanner). The results of the electron beam studies are presented.
Di-<i>tert</i>-butylisobutylsilyl, Another Useful Protecting Group (2011)

The di-tert-butylisobutylsilyl (BIBS) protecting group offers new possibilities for synthetic processes because of its steric bulk, robustness of its derivatives, and other special properties.
Effect of Gemfibrozil Treatment in Sulfonylurea-Treated Patients with Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus* (1991)

This study was initiated to 1) assess gemfibrozil's ability to lower plasma triglyceride (TG) concentration in patients with NIDDM, and 2) determine whether this effect was associated with any changes in glycemic control. Measurements were made of mean hourly plasma glucose, insulin, TG, and FFA concentrations from 1200-1600 h in response to a test meal; hepatic glucose production (HGP); insulin-stimulated glucose uptake during a hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp study (MCR); and fasting plasma lipoprotein TG and cholesterol concentrations in 12 patients with NIDDM before and 3 months after gemfibrozil treatment. Although ambient plasma TG and FFA concentrations fell significantly, plasma glucose, insulin, HGP, concentrations fell significantly, plasma glucose, insulin, HGP, and glucose MCR did not change. However, when patients were divided into two groups, those with fasting plasma glucose levels above 9 mmol/L (fair control) and those with levels below 9 mmol/L (good control), a different phenomenon was observed. Patients in fair control had significant decreases in mean hourly plasma concentrations of glucose (15.1 +/- 1.7 to 12.6 +/- 0.9 mmol/L; P less than 0.001), insulin (523 +/- 59 to 471 +/- 75 pmol/L; P less than 0.001), FFA (652 +/- 150 to 504 +/- 76 mumol/L), and HGP (9.5 0.4 to 8.1 +/- 0.4 mumol/kg.min; P less than 0.005), and an increase in glucose MCR (2.63 +/- 0.49 to 3.72 +/- 0.54 mL/kg.min; P less than 0.07) in association with a fall in TG from 6.9 +/- 1.3 to 3.5 +/- 0.9 mmol/L (P less than 0.001). Although fasting low density lipoprotein cholesterol increased (1.8 +/- 0.2 to 2.7 +/- 0.2 mmol/L; P less than 0.05), the ratio of total to high density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased (6.84 +/- 0.88 to 5.80 +/- 1.05; P less than 0.02). Despite a significant fall in mean hourly TG concentration (4.6 +/- 0.7 to 3.8 +/- 0.7 mmol/L; P less than 0.001), neither insulin, FFA, HGP, nor glucose MCR changed in patients in good control. Furthermore, the mean hourly plasma glucose concentration increased from 9.2 +/- 0.7 to 11.7 +/- 1.4 mmol/L (P less than 0.001). Low density lipoprotein cholesterol also increased in this group (1.9 +/- 0.2 to 2.7 +/- 0.2 mmol/L; P less than 0.02), but, as before, the ratio of total to high density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased (8.15 +/- 1.93 to 6.36 +/- 1.03; P less than 0.02).
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Messenger Ribonucleic Acid and Protein in Human Endometrium1 (1992)

Although previous studies have shown that the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) gene is expressed in pregnancy decidua, it has not been determined whether this gene is transcribed or translated in the endometrium prior to implantation. To address this question and to identify cells expressing the TNF gene, samples of normal cycling human endometria were tested for TNF mRNA by in situ hybridization using a biotinylated antisense RNA probe, and the corresponding protein was localized in the same tissues by immunocytochemistry with a monoclonal antibody to TNF. Both TNF message and protein were identified in the endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle, and the same types of cells that contained transcripts also contained protein. As judged by the intensities of the hybridization signals, TNF mRNA increased during the proliferative phases, declined in the early secretory phase, and again rose during mid-to-late secretory phases, suggesting positive associations with levels of female sex hormones that show similar cyclic fluctuations. At the initiation of the cycle, transcripts were primarily localized to glandular epithelial cells whereas by the midproliferative phase, message was also present in stromal cells. Hybridization signals were consistently more intense in functionalis-region than in basalis-region stromal cells, and were frequently stronger in basalis-region glandular epithelia than in functionalis-region glands. These observations document that the TNF gene is expressed in normal cycling endometria, suggest that ovarian hormones may regulate TNF gene transcription, and identify differences in specific endometrial compartments. The findings are also consistent with the postulate that TNF is a local mediator of cellular communications in the human endometrium.
Pure and Palladium‐Loaded Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Hollow Hierarchical Nanostructures with Giant and Ultraselective Chemiresistivity to Xylene and Toluene (2015)

Pure and palladium-loaded Co3O4 hollow hierarchical nanostructures consisting of nanosheets have been prepared by solvothermal self-assembly. The nanostructures exhibited an ultrahigh response and selectivity towards p-xylene and toluene. The responses (resistance ratio) of the palladium-loaded Co3O4 hollow hierarchical nanostructures to 5 ppm of p-xylene and toluene were as high as 361 and 305, respectively, whereas the selectivity values (response ratios) towards p-xylene and toluene over interference from ethanol were 18.1 and 16.1, respectively. We attributed the giant response and unprecedented high selectivity towards methylbenzenes to the abundant adsorption of oxygen by Co3O4, the high chemiresistive variation in the Co3O4 nanosheets (thickness≈11 nm), and the catalytic promotion of the specific gas-sensing reaction. The morphological design of the p-type Co3O4 nanostructures and loading of the palladium catalyst have paved a new way to monitoring the most representative indoor air pollutants in a highly selective, sensitive, and reliable manner.