gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement uncertainty: Approaches to the evaluation of uncertainties associated with recovery† (1999)

A number of approaches for evaluating recovery and its contribution to uncertainty budgets for analytical methods are considered in detail. The recovery, R, for a particular sample is considered as comprising three elements, m, Rs and Rrep. These relate to the recovery for the method; the effect of sample matrix and/or analyte concentration on recovery; and how well the behaviour of spiked samples represents that of test samples. The uncertainty associated with R, u(R), will have contributions from u(m), u(Rs) and u(Rrep). The evaluation of these components depends on the method scope and the availability, or otherwise, of representative certified reference materials. Procedures for evaluating these parameters are considered and illustrated with worked examples. Techniques discussed include the use of certified reference materials and spiking studies, and the use of extraction profiling to predict recoveries. All the approaches discussed evaluate the recovery and its uncertainty for the analytical method as a whole. It is concluded that this is a useful approach as it reduces the amount of experimental work required. In addition, most of the required data are frequently available from method validation studies.
Arachidonic Acid Regulates Surface Expression of Epithelial Sodium Channels (2003)

Epithelial Na+ channels (ENaCs) are regulated by the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) product arachidonic acid. Pharmacological inhibition of PLA2 with aristolochic acid induced a significant increase in amiloride-sensitive currents in Xenopus oocytes expressing ENaC. Arachidonic acid or 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA), a non-metabolized analog of arachidonic acid, induced a time-dependent inhibition of Na+ transport. These effects were also observed by co-expression of a calcium-independent or a calcium-dependent PLA2. Channels with a truncated alpha, beta,or gamma C terminus were not inhibited by arachidonic acid or ETYA. Furthermore, mutation of Tyr618 in the PY motif of the beta subunit abrogated the inhibitory effect of ETYA, suggesting that intact PY motifs participate in arachidonic acid-mediated ENaC inhibition. Analyses of channels expressing a series of beta subunit C-terminal truncations revealed a second region N-terminal to the PY motif (spanning residues betaVal580-betaGly599) that allowed for ETYA-mediated ENaC inhibition. Analyses of both ENaC surface expression and ENaC trafficking with mutants that either gate channels open or closed in response to [(2-(trimethylammonium) ethyl] methanethiosulfonate bromide, or with brefeldin A, suggest that ETYA reduces channel surface expression by inhibiting ENaC exocytosis and increasing ENaC endocytosis.
Multiple Distinct Membrane Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Human Lung Fibroblasts (1989)

Heparitinase digestion of the hydrophobic membrane-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) of fetal human lung fibroblasts yields core proteins of various sizes: i.e. monomeric core proteins of 125, 90, 64, 48, and 35 kDa and a disulfide-linked dimeric core protein composed of approximately 35-kDa subunits. By immunizing BALB/c mice with liposome-incorporated HSPG, we have obtained a total of five anti-HSPG monoclonal antibodies (Mabs, i.e. Mabs S1, 1C7, 2E9, 6G12, and 10H4) with different specificities. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of 125I-labeled membrane HSPG immunoprecipitated with these Mabs revealed that Mabs 1C7 and 2E9 bind only membrane HSPG which yield a 125-kDa core protein after heparitinase digestion, whereas Mab S1-bound HSPG yield a 64-kDa core protein, and Mabs 6G12 and 10H4 retain membrane HSPG with a 48-kDa core protein. Western blotting of the heparitinase-digested proteoglycans and immunostaining with the Mabs confirmed this pattern of reactivity. However, in this assay, Mabs 6G12 and 10H4 also detected a minor approximately 90-kDa core protein in addition to the 48-kDa core protein. Except perhaps for the 10H4 epitope, the epitopes recognized by these Mabs appear to be part of the peptide moieties as they resisted complete deglycosylation of the HSPG with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. Since these data were inconsistent with a direct relationship between the major core proteins, the 48-, 64-, and 125-kDa core proteins were immunopurified and further compared by peptide mapping with Staphylococcus aureus protease V8, trypsin, and CNBr cleavage. Clearly distinct peptide patterns were obtained for the three different core proteins. These results imply that the 48-, 64-, and the 125-kDa membrane HSPG core proteins of human lung fibroblasts are derived from distinct proteoglycans.
Estimation of aortic BP waveform from noninvasive radial tonometry; validation of FFT and ARX methods (2002)

The objective of this research was to develop a method of estimating central aortic pressure (AA) waveform from the noninvasive radial tonometry (TRA) waveform. In order to attain this goal, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Auto-Regressive eXogenous (ARX) models were used to develop the transfer function (TF) between the AA (input) and TRA (output). The inverse TF was then derived to generate the AA waveform from the TRA waveform. To test the accuracy of the model, the aortic pressure waveform using a Millar catheter tip transducer and noninvasive radial artery waveform using a Colin tonometer were simultaneously obtained in 5 patients who were undergoing cardiac catheterization at Yamagata University. The inverse TF based on the FFT model did not accurately reconstruct the AA waveform. On the contrary, ARX model resulted in accurate estimate of AA with the estimation error of approximately 3% for systolic, diastolic and mean pressure levels. The noninvasive radial tonometry in combination with the ARX model may offer a potential of noninvasive estimation of aortic pressure waveform.
Phase I trial of liposomal muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine in cancer patients. (1989)

Twenty-eight evaluable patients with metastatic cancer refractory to standard therapy received escalating doses of muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE) (.05 to 12 mg/m2) in phosphatidylserine (PC):phosphatidylcholine (PS) liposomes (lipid:MTP-PE) ratio 250:1). Liposomal MTP-PE (L-MTP-PE) was infused over 1 hour twice weekly; doses were escalated within individual patients every 3 weeks as tolerated for a total treatment duration of 9 weeks. Routine clinical laboratory parameters, acute phase reactants and various immunologic tests were monitored at various time points during treatment. Toxicity was moderate (less than or equal to grade II) in 24 patients with chief side effects being chills (80% of patients), fever (70%), malaise (60%), and nausea (55%). In four patients L-MTP-PE treatment was deescalated due to severe malaise and recurrent fever higher than 38.8 degrees C. The maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) was 6 mg/m2. Significant (P less than .05) increases in WBC count, absolute granulocyte count, ceruloplasmin, beta 2-microglobulin, c-reactive protein, monocyte tumoricidal activity, and serum IL-1 beta were found. Significant decreases in serum cholesterol were also observed. Clearance of intravenously (iv)-infused technetium-99 (99mTc)-labeled liposomes containing MTP-PE in four patients was biphasic; gamma camera scans revealed uptake of radiolabel in liver, spleen, lung, nasopharynx, thyroid gland, and tumor (two patients). No objective tumor regression was seen. In view of its definite immunobiologic activity and lack of major toxicity, additional phase II and adjuvant trials of L-MTP-PE are warranted.
Accurate Analysis of Tumor Margins Using a Fluorescent pH Low Insertion Peptide (pHLIP) (2009)

The recurrence of certain cancers remains quite high due to either incomplete surgical removal of the primary tumor or the presence of small metastases that are invisible to the surgeon. Near infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging might improve surgical outcomes by providing sensitive, specific, and real-time visualization of normal and diseased tissues if agents can be found that discriminate between normal and diseased tissue and define tumor margins. We have developed a new approach for revealing tumor borders by using NIR fluorescently labeled pH Low Insertion Peptide (pHLIP) and have created a computational program for the quantitative assessment of tumor boundaries. The approach is tested in vivo by co-localization of GFP-tumors and NIR emission from the fluorescently labeled pHLIP, and it is found that boundaries are accurately reported and that sub-millimeter masses can be detected.
Safeguarding children--fit for purpose? (2009)

Communication breakdown between organisations has come under scrutiny since the death of Victoria Climbié in 2000. Lord Laming made recommendations for changes in practice and the Green Paper Every Child Matters continued the theme. Child protection professionals have faced increasing pressure to meet targets and timeframes with a reducing workforce. Efficient record keeping is hampered by increasing movement of families. The challenges of the future are daunting.
Antihemophilic Factor: Its Presence in Fibrinogen, Assay Problems and the Stability of Lyophilized AHF-Fibrinogen Preparations (1963)

Summary The thromboplastin generation test of Biggs et al. and of Pitney, and adopted by Surgenor for the assay of antihemophilic factor activity in lyophilized preparations of human fibrinogen, has been modified to yield a selfcontained statistically valid assay. This procedure was designed to serve primarily as a control procedure. The AHF activity of production lots of human fibrinogen was assayed, and the stability of AHF under different conditions of storage was determined. The procedure described in this paper is a satisfactory control procedure for AHF potency testing. In the absence of a generally recognized unit of AHF potency, it would seem most helpful to the clinician to have the potency related to the average activity in fresh normal human plasma.
A voltage instability predictor using local area measurements (VIP++) (2002)

A smart relay scheme for long term voltage instability phenomena is proposed. The method, called VIP++ is based on local area measurements and seeks to improve observability and robustness of a previously proposed voltage instability predictor (VIP) using measurements only from the bus where the relay is placed. Several strategies can be adopted to deal with the extra set of measurements from neighboring buses, and two such strategies have been explored in the paper. When the system is far from the point of collapse (PoC) the VIP++ gives an approximate distance to PoC and indicate that the distance is quite large. As the system trajectory moves closer to the actual point of collapse the method will become more accurate, and it will be more or less exact at PoC.
Application of the deconvolution method in the processing of Full-waveform Lidar data (2010)

Full-Waveform Lidar (light detection and ranging) records the entire backscatter signals of each emitted pulse, which is benefit to know the surface features. Full-waveform Lidar has strong ability in detecting the vertical structure of vegetation and terrain. The location or height information can be extracted from the received waveform. Most common extraction techniques may be invalid sometimes, such as Gaussian decomposition will be invalid when the received signal cannot be composed of pure Gaussian function combinations. In the application of processing returned signal, the method of deconvolution has the unique advantages in extracting parameters of position, amplitude range and height. It has been widely used in spectroscopy, signal recovery, signal analysis, signal modeling and so on. In this study, deconvolution was used to remove the characteristic of the transmitted waveform form the received waveform to obtain a surface response. The simulated waveforms were used to investigate the potential of deconvolution in Full-waveform Lidar data analysis. The results showed that the Gold's method of deconvolution was suitable for solving the problem.
HISTOPATHOLOGIC ANALYSIS OF HUMAN VERTEBRAL BODIES AFTER VERTEBRAL AUGMENTATION WITH POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE WITH USE OF AN INFLATABLE BONE TAMP (2005)

Srikumaran, Umasuthan BA1; Wong, Wade DO2; Belkoff, Stephen M. PhD3; McCarthy, Edward F. MD1 Author Information
GA-Net: Guided Aggregation Net for End-to-end Stereo Matching (2019)

In the stereo matching task, matching cost aggregation is crucial in both traditional methods and deep neural network models in order to accurately estimate disparities. We propose two novel neural net layers, aimed at capturing local and the whole-image cost dependencies respectively. The first is a semi-global aggregation layer which is a differentiable approximation of the semi-global matching, the second is the local guided aggregation layer which follows a traditional cost filtering strategy to refine thin structures. These two layers can be used to replace the widely used 3D convolutional layer which is computationally costly and memory-consuming as it has cubic computational/memory complexity. In the experiments, we show that nets with a two-layer guided aggregation block easily outperform the state-of-the-art GC-Net which has nineteen 3D convolutional layers. We also train a deep guided aggregation network (GA-Net) which gets better accuracies than state-of-the-art methods on both Scene Flow dataset and KITTI benchmarks.
Smart Experts for Network State Estimation (2016)

Several network protocols, services, and applications adjust their operation dynamically based on current network conditions. Consequently, keeping accurate estimates of the network and its performance as it fluctuates over time is critical. For example, both TCP and IEEE 802.11 periodically adapt some of their key operating parameters, namely, the retransmission timeout and the contention window size based on the average round trip time and the number of collisions, respectively. In this paper, we present a novel mechanism to estimate “near-future” network performance based on past network conditions. We call our approach to network performance estimation as smart experts for network state estimation (SENSE). SENSE uses a simple, yet effective, algorithm combining a machine learning method known as fixed-share with exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA). SENSE also introduces novel techniques that improve the predictability of the fixed-share framework without increasing computational complexity. SENSE is thus able to respond to network dynamics at different time scales, i.e., long- and medium-term fluctuations as well as short-lived variations. We evaluate SENSE's performance using synthetic and real datasets. Our experimental results show that, when compared to fixed-share and EWMA, SENSE yields higher estimation accuracy for all datasets due to its ability to more closely track data fluctuations.
An improved digital-dimming controller for back-light module applying frequency-shift technique (2004)

A novel simple control method to improve the ignition behavior of cold cathode fluorescent lamp in digital-dimming mode is proposed in this paper. The half-bridge resonant inverter is employed in the presented back-light system. To extend the lamp life, we realize a digital-dimming controller with frequency-shift technique (DDC-FST) to reduce the high ignition voltage and to eliminate the ignition current spike. Complete analysis and design considerations are discussed in detail in this paper. Simulation and experimental results are close to the theoretical prediction. The overall efficiency of the system achieved at the rated power is over 91%. The ignition voltage is reduced about 30% without any lamp current spike occurred under digital-dimming operation.
CLINICAL VALUE OF KETONE BODY DETERMINATIONS IN BRITTLE DIABETES (1972)

Abstract The first part of this study is a clinical investigation on the value of concomitant measurements of blood glucose and the ketone bodies for the improvement of control in 35 patients with brittle diabetes. Three groups are identified: 1) The keto resistant patient in whom only the blood glucose measurements are of value. 2) A group in whom about equally valuable information is obtained from blood glucose and the ketosis. 3) The Poulsen‐Somogyi reactors in whom both blood glucose and ketonaemia should be analysed. The level of ketosis may be judged from blood 3‐hydroxybutyrate (3‐HB) and acetoacetate (AcAc) or from breath acetone, although the latter does not change as fast as the metabolized 3‐HB and AcAc. The changes in the urinary concentrations of 3‐HB and AcAc are almost as rapid as those in the blood, and after insulin a decrease in these urinary concentrations is often seen before the blood glucose begins to decrease. The second part of the study shows the positive correlations between the increase in blood glucose above 200 mg/100 ml of blood and blood 3‐HB and AcAc and the decrease in the ratio blood 3‐HB/AcAc with decreasing blood glucose. Preliminary data are also given on the decrement of blood 3‐HB and AcAc with time, indicating an initial slower phase and a second faster one. The daily blood lactate changes were greater than expected. Initially they were parallel to the blood 3‐HB and AcAc variations. Once blood glucose concentration also fell the lactate increased a mean of 1.9 mEq/1.
Generic properties of generalized hyperbolic partial differential equations (1994)

The existence and uniqueness of solutions and convergence of successive approximations are considered as generic properties for generalized hyperbolic partial differential equations with unbounded right-hand sides.
Extraction and Demulsification of Oil From Wheat Germ, Barley Germ, and Rice Bran Using an Aqueous Enzymatic Method (2014)

Abstract An aqueous enzymatic method was developed to extract oil from wheat germ. Wheat germ pretreatment, effect of various industrial enzymes, pH, wheat germ to water ratio, reaction time and effect of various methods of demulsification, were investigated. Pretreatment at 180 °C in a conventional oven for 4 min reduced the moisture 12.8–2.2 % and significantly increased the oil yield. Adding a combination of protease (Fermgen) and cellulase (Spezyme CP) resulted in a 72 % yield of emulsified oil from wheat germ (both commercial and laboratory milled wheat germ). Using the same oil extraction conditions optimized for wheat germ, yields of 51 and 39 % emulsified oil were obtained from barley germ (laboratory milled), and rice bran, respectively. Three physical demulsification methods (heating, freeze‐thawing, and pH adjustment) and enzymatic methods (Protex 6L, Protex 7L, Alcalase, Fermgen, Lysomax and G‐zyme 999) were compared. After demulsification with Protex 6L, free oil yields of 63.8 and 59.5 % were obtained with commercial wheat germ and with laboratory milled wheat germ, respectively. Using the same demulsification conditions optimized for wheat germ, yields of 45.7 % emulsified oil and 35 % free oil were obtained for barley germ and rice bran, respectively.
From Genome to Enzyme: Analysis of Key Glycolytic and Oxidative Pentose-Phosphate Pathway Enzymes in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (2003)

Activities of glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphofructokinase (PFK), enolase, pyruvate kinase (PK) and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylase were determined in extracts of photoautotrophic, mixotrophic, and heterotrophic cultures of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Annotated genomes of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 were analyzed for the respective predicted physical properties of each enzyme investigated here. Enzymatic activity was largely unaffected by nutritional mode, with the exception of glucokinase and PK whose activities were significantly elevated in heterotrophic cultures of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. PFK activity was insensitive to bacterial PFK-A (allosteric) effectors such as PEP, implying that Synechocystis PFK should be classified as a PFK-B (non-allosteric). Immunoblot and kinetic studies indicated that irrespective of nutritional mode, the Synechocystis PK corresponds to a PK-A (AMP activated) rather than PK-F (fructose-1,6-bisphosphate activated).
Fetal pulse oximetry and wavelet analysis of the fetal heart rate in the evaluation of abnormal cardiotocography tracings (2006)

Computerized FHR and FSPO2 monitoring shows an excellent efficacy and reliability in interpreting non-reassuring FHR recordings.
High-Force Soft Printable Pneumatics for Soft Robotic Applications (2016)

This work presents a novel technique for direct 3D printing of soft pneumatic actuators using 3D printers based on fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. Existing fabrication techniques for soft pneumatic actuators with complex inner geometry are normally time-consuming and involve multistep processes. A low-cost open-source consumer 3D printer and a commercially available printing material were identified for printing soft pneumatic actuators with complex inner geometry and high degree of freedom. We investigated the material properties of the printing material, simulated the mechanical behavior of the printed actuators, characterized the performances of the actuators in terms of their bending capability, output forces, as well as durability, and demonstrated the potential soft robotic applications of the 3D printed actuators. Using the 3D printed actuators, we developed a soft gripper that was able to grasp and lift heavy objects with high pay–-to-weight ratio, which demonstrated that the actuators were able to apply high forces. To demonstrate the ability of the actuators to achieve complex movements, such as bidirectional bending movements, we also developed wearable hand and wrist exoskeletons that were able to assist finger flexion and wrist flexion–extension. The proposed technique is the first-in-class approach to directly 3D print airtight soft pneumatic actuators for soft robotic applications using FDM technology.
Coding Techniques for Microsoft Visual Basic .Net (2001)

RR2-10.1186/s13063-019-3401-9.
3D shape measurement with phase correlation based fringe projection (2007)

Here we propose a method for 3D shape measurement by means of phase correlation based fringe projection in a stereo arrangement. The novelty in the approach is characterized by following features. Correlation between phase values of the images of two cameras is used for the co-ordinate calculation. This work stands in contrast to the sole usage of phase values (phasogrammetry) or classical triangulation (phase values and image co-ordinates - camera raster values) for the determination of the co-ordinates. The method's main advantage is the insensitivity of the 3D-coordinates from the absolute phase values. Thus it prevents errors in the determination of the co-ordinates and improves robustness in areas with interreflections artefacts and inhomogeneous regions of intensity. A technical advantage is the fact that the accuracy of the 3D co-ordinates does not depend on the projection resolution. Thus the achievable quality of the 3D co-ordinates can be selectively improved by the use of high quality camera lenses and can participate in improvements in modern camera technologies. The presented new solution of the stereo based fringe projection with phase correlation makes a flexible, errortolerant realization of measuring systems within different applications like quality control, rapid prototyping, design and CAD/CAM possible. In the paper the phase correlation method will be described in detail. Furthermore, different realizations will be shown, i.e. a mobile system for the measurement of large objects and an endoscopic like system for CAD/CAM in dental industry.