gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Viscoelastic properties of ionic polymer composites reinforced by soy protein isolate (2005)

Abstract Both linear and nonlinear viscoelastic properties of ionic polymer composites reinforced by soy protein isolate (SPI) were studied. Viscoelastic properties were related to the aggregate structure of fillers. The aggregate structure of SPI is consisted of submicron size of globule protein particles that form an open aggregate structure. SPI and carbon black (CB) aggregates characterized by scanning electron microscope and particle size analyzer indicate that CB aggregates have a smaller primary particle and aggregate size than SPI aggregates, but the SPI composites have a slightly greater elastic modulus in the linear viscoelastic region than the CB composites. The composite containing 3–40 wt % of SPI has a transition in the shear elastic modulus between 6 and 8 vol % filler, indicating a percolation threshold. CB composites also showed a modulus transition at <6 vol %. The change of fractional free volume with filler concentration as estimated from WLF fit of frequency shift factor also supports the existence of a percolation threshold. Nonlinear viscoelastic properties of filler, matrix, and composites suggested that the filler‐immobilized rubber network generated a G′ maximum in the modulus‐strain curves and the SPI formed a stronger filler network than the CB in these composites. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3503–3518, 2005
Large deviations approximation for fluid queues fed by a large number of on/off sources (1995)

A general logarithmic equivalent is given for the stationary complementary distribution function of a fluid queue fed by a large number of on/off sources. Close asymptotic approximations are also provided. These approximations are numerically validated and applied to the dimensioning of an ATM multiplexer offered variable bit rate sources of general on/off type.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ability of Commercially Available “Date-Rape” Drug Test Kits to Detect Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate in Popular Drinks (2007)

Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is one of the most widely-used drugs for drink adulteration in “date-rape” cases. Several test kits have been introduced to detect GHB in drinks. These include “DrinkSafe™” cards, “DrinkSafe™” coasters, and “Drink Detective™” test kits. This work was conducted to determine how well the available kits detect GHB in a variety of beverages. Using synthetic GHB in pure water, all three test kit types gave a positive blue response. No false negatives were observed. Gamma-butyrolactone and water gave no response on any of the kits. Experiments with beverages containing GHB focussed on the “DrinkSafe™” products because they provide two test areas on each card, allowing spiked and un-spiked beverages to be compared directly. Using the original green colour of the “DrinkSafe™” products as a reference, seven of the eleven drinks gave an obvious blue reaction with the cards and nine of eleven with the coasters. In both cases, GHB-spiked Cosmopolitan and Margarita samples gave false negatives. With all beverages, however, the control drink changed the colour of the test spot. This reproducible difference in colour between the control and the spiked samples suggests that by putting an unadulterated sample of drink onto the test card, an individual could greatly increase their chances of detecting GHB in their beverage. Despite some limitations, the low cost of the kits and their apparent reliability suggest that they would be a useful screening tool for officials investigating rape cases.
Image Analysis and Visualization Software (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Image Processing Software: An Overview ImageJ Examples of Image Processing Programs Crystal Image OpenDX Wavelet-Related Software Algorithm Implementation References
On improving head-disk interface in hard disk drives using active control (2002)

How to improve head disk interface (HDI) characteristics in the mechanical design of hard disk drives (HDDs) has become increasingly important due to ever-growing demand for storage density and access speed. In the paper, an active actuation and control of the suspension structure in HDDs utilizing piezo-films is investigated. Its applications in reducing head-disk friction/wear and suppressing induced vibrations are studied. An analytical model for a cantilever beam like structure with the bonded piezo-films is presented. A direct output feedback control is proposed and its effectiveness in suppressing induced vibrations is demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally.
Characterization and expression analysis of an interleukin‐7 homologue in the Japanese pufferfish, <i>Takifugu rubripes</i> (2008)

An interleukin-7 (IL-7) gene has been cloned and sequenced within the Japanese pufferfish, Takifugu rubripes (Fugu), providing the first conclusive evidence for the existence of IL-7 in teleosts. The IL-7 cDNA was composed of 1438 bp, with a 117 bp 5'-UTR, an 826 bp 3'-UTR containing two mRNA instability motifs, and a 498 bp ORF which translates into a peptide of 166 amino acid residues. The Fugu IL-7 peptide contained a predicted signal peptide of 19 amino acid residues and the IL-7/9 family signature (Arg140-Val149). Homology analysis of Fugu IL-7 with other known IL-2 family members showed some similarity to the known mammalian IL-7 and Fugu IL-21 molecules, and phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the Fugu IL-7 clustered with the chicken and mammalian IL-7 and mammalian IL-9, away from other IL-2 family members (IL-2, IL-4, IL-15 and IL-21). The organization of the Fugu IL-7 gene was the same as in mouse, and consisted of five exons and four introns, but differed from the human gene, which is composed of six exons and five introns. Comparison of the Fugu and human genomes showed that some synteny existed around the IL-7 gene, with the presence of both the protein kinase inhibitor-alpha and chromosome 8 ORF 70 (C8orf70) genes, with IL-7 and C8orf70 having the same transcriptional orientation. The Fugu IL-7 gene was expressed within unstimulated tissues, such as the head kidney, spleen, liver, intestine, gill and muscle. Stimulation of head kidney cells with lipopolysaccharide, polyinosinic polycytidylic acid or phytohaemagglutinin increased this expression. This discovery of IL-7 in Fugu will allow a more complete analysis of fish immune responses in the future.
Deep Learning and Compressive Sensing-Based CSI Feedback in FDD Massive MIMO Systems (2020)

To fully utilize multiplexing and array gains of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), the downlink channel state information (CSI) must be acquired at the base station (BS). In frequency division duplexing (FDD) massive MIMO systems, the downlink CSI is generally estimated at the user equipment (UE) and then fed back to the BS. The huge number of antennas at the BS leads to overwhelming feedback overhead. To address this issue, we propose a framework, named CS-ReNet. In this framework, the CSI is first compressed at the UE based on the compressive sensing (CS) technology and then reconstructed at the BS using a deep learning (DL)-based signal recovery solver, named ReNet. We analyze the CSI quality at the BS in terms of the normalized mean-squared error (NMSE) and cosine similarity. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the existing CS-based and some DL-based methods.
Locality-Sensitive Hashing for Finding Nearest Neighbors [Lecture Notes] (2008)

This lecture note describes a technique known as locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) that allows one to quickly find similar entries in large databases. This approach belongs to a novel and interesting class of algorithms that are known as randomized algorithms. A randomized algorithm does not guarantee an exact answer but instead provides a high probability guarantee that it will return the correct answer or one close to it. By investing additional computational effort, the probability can be pushed as high as desired.
The potential of cinnamon to reduce blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance (2009)

Whilst definitive conclusions cannot be drawn regarding the use of cinnamon as an antidiabetic therapy, it does possess antihyperglycaemic properties and potential to reduce postprandial blood glucose levels. Further research is required to confirm a possible correlation between baseline FBG and blood glucose reduction and to assess the potential to reduce pathogenic diabetic complications with cinnamon supplementation.
Evidence that Neurokinin B Controls Basal Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Secretion but Is Not Critical for Estrogen-Positive Feedback in Sheep (2015)

NKB expression in ARC kisspeptin neurons is upregulated during the late follicular phase of the estrous cycle, when the pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/LH is maximal. When GnRH/LH secretion is minimal, central senktide infusion induces LH secretion, similar to the response to kisspeptin. Although the increase in LH in response to senktide appeared surge-like, we did not observe any change in the surge following NK3R antagonist treatment. We conclude that NKB plays a role in increasing basal GnRH/LH pulsatility in the follicular phase of the cycle but is not essential for estrogen-induced positive feedback.
A Method for Routine Determination of Plasma Triglycerides (1966)

(1966). A Method for Routine Determination of Plasma Triglycerides. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation: Vol. 18, No. 6, pp. 668-672.
ChemInform Abstract: From Peptides to Heterocyclic Peptide Mimetics ‐ Design and Synthesis of an Orally Active Fibrinogen Receptor Antagonist for the Prevention of Thrombosis. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Crystal structure and compressibility of FePt nanoparticles under high pressures and high temperatures (2004)

FePt nanoparticles with an average grain size of 4 nm and equiatomic composition of Fe and Pt was studied under high pressures in a diamond anvil cell to investigate its structural stability and compressibility under high compression. The ambient pressure disordered face-centered-cubic (fcc) phase was found to be stable to the highest pressure of 61 GPa (compression of 15%) at room temperature. The compression of Fe50Pt50 nanoparticles is closer to the compression curve for pure Pt and shows lower compressibility than what would be expected for a bulk Fe50Pt50 alloy. The nanoparticle character of Fe50Pt50 sample is maintained to the highest pressure without any observable grain coarsening effects at ambient temperature. Laser heating of disordered fcc phase at 32 GPa to a temperature of 2000 K resulted in a phase transformation to a microcrystalline phase with the distorted fcc structure.
Seed Composition and Seed Oil Antioxidant Activity of Maize Under Water Stress (2010)

Abstract The changes in seed composition and seed oil quality and antioxidant capacity in two maize cultivars Agaiti‐2002 (drought tolerant) and EV‐1098 (drought sensitive) grown under field drought conditions were assessed. Both maize varieties used in the present study are widely cultivated in Pakistan and are an important source for developing different maize hybrids. At the early vegetative stage, plants of both maize cultivars were subjected to normal irrigation and water stress conditions. Overall, seed oil, α‐, γ‐, δ‐ and total tocopherols, and flavonoids increased considerably due to water stress in both cultivars. However, oil phenolics carotenoid and DPPH scavenging activity were decreased due to water stress. By drawing on the relationship between different components of seed oil such as oil lipophilic antioxidant compounds, seed oil phenolics carotenoid and DPPH scavenging activity; it is clear that oil antioxidant activity was positively associated with oil phenolic and carotenoid contents.
Segmentation of medical images using LEGION (1999)

Advances in visualization technology and specialized graphic workstations allow clinicians to virtually interact with anatomical structures contained within sampled medical-image datasets. A hindrance to the effective use of this technology is the difficult problem of image segmentation. In this paper, we utilize a recently proposed oscillator network called the locally excitatory globally inhibitory oscillator network (LEGION) whose ability to achieve fast synchrony with local excitation and desynchrony with global inhibition makes it an effective computational framework for grouping similar features and segregating dissimilar ones in an image. We extract an algorithm from LEGION dynamics and propose an adaptive scheme for grouping. We show results of the algorithm to two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) (volume) computerized topography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) medical-image datasets. In addition, we compare our algorithm with other algorithms for medical-image segmentation, as well as with manual segmentation. LEGION's computational and architectural properties make it a promising approach for real-time medical-image segmentation.
Hybrid compliance-stiffness matrix method for stable analysis of elastic wave propagation in multilayered anisotropic media (2006)

This paper presents the hybrid compliance-stiffness matrix method for stable analysis of elastic wave propagation in multilayered anisotropic media. The method utilizes the hybrid matrix of each layer in a recursive algorithm to deduce the stack hybrid matrix for a multilayered structure. Like the stiffness matrix method, the hybrid matrix method is able to eliminate the numerical instability of transfer matrix method. By operating with total stresses and displacements, it also preserves the convenience for incorporating imperfect or perfect interfaces. However, unlike the stiffness matrix, the hybrid matrix remains to be well-conditioned and accurate even for zero or small thicknesses. The stability of hybrid matrix method has been demonstrated by the numerical results of reflection and transmission coefficients. These results have been determined efficiently based on the surface hybrid matrix method involving only a subset of hybrid submatrices. In conjunction with the recursive asymptotic method, the hybrid matrix method is self-sufficient without hybrid asymptotic method and may achieve low error level over a wide range of sublayer thickness or the number of recursive operations.
ASSOCIATION OF DONOR-SPECIFIC BLOOD TRANSFUSION ENHANCEMENT OF RAT RENAL ALLOGRAFTS WITH ACCELERATED DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIIDIOTYPIC ANTIBODIES AND REDUCED ALLOANTIBODY RESPONSES (1990)

Pretransplant donor-specific blood transfusion (DSBT) has been shown to enhance renal allograft survival in man and indefinitely prolong renal transplants among various MHC-disparate rat strains. Using PVG (RT1c) recipients and ACI (RT1a) donor-strain rats, DSBT alone was found to elicit complement-dependent cytotoxic IgM antibody (Ab) to donor class I (RT1.Aa) alloantigens that peaked at 7 days. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to measure host Ab against allospecific (idiotypic) determinants on the anti-RT1.Aa monoclonal Ab R2/10P, R2/15S, and YR1/100. Following DSBT alone, antiidiotypic Ab were detected in the circulation within 7-11 days after transfusion. Transplantation of a donor strain kidney in the presence of antiidiotypic Ab at day 7 or 11 post-DSBT resulted in enhanced graft survival and a rapid decline in circulating alloantibody, such that by days 4-6 posttransplantation little IgM or IgG alloantibody was detected. In contrast, all 6 PVG rats that were transplanted 4 days after DSBT (prior to development of detectable antiidiotypic Ab) rejected their grafts within 30 days, and 4 of 6 showed elevated alloantibody titers within 3 days posttransplantation. Control PVG rats receiving autologous blood transfusion (ABT) alone developed no alloantibody response but developed high titers of donor-specific alloantibody by 6 days posttransplantation, at the time of irreversible rejection. ABT alone did not elicit antiidiotypic Ab and ABT pretreated graft recipients developed antiidiotypic Ab only after the onset of rejection at day 4. In both DSBT and ABT groups, the antiidiotypic Ab were primarily IgM, IgG1, and IgG2c. These findings indicate that DSBT induces production of cytotoxic alloantibodies followed by an antiidiotypic Ab response at days 7-11, during which time transplanted renal allografts are not rejected and there is a reduction in circulating alloantibody. In contrast, renal allografts placed in DSBT-treated rats prior to antiidiotypic Ab development (less than or equal to 4 days) or in ABT-treated rats that do not develop any antiidiotypic Ab, elicit a rapid rise in alloantibody and are rejected.
Sexual dimorphism of arrestment and gregariousness in the bed bug ( <i>Cimex lectularius</i> ) in response to cuticular extracts from nymphal exuviae (2010)

Releaser pheromones have direct behavioural effects to arrest, attract or disperse insects, whereas interactions within groups of social insects are often influenced by primer pheromones. The behaviour of insects displaying intermediate levels of sociality is largely unexplored in this context. In the present study, both the gregariousness and arrestment (settling near the odour source) of bed bugs Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) in response to conspecific exuvial extracts are described. Adult males are arrested on filter papers with extracts derived from exuviae of fifth‐instar nymphs. Adult females and nymphs display no significant evidence for such behaviour. Adults of both sexes show no preference for extracts of male versus female fifth‐instar exuviae. Arrestment of adult males does not occur on papers treated with fourth‐instar exuvial extracts. Because the insects are assayed behaviourally in groups, an index is calculated describing how far bugs are away from being located independently of one another, as a measure of gregariousness. Adult males have lower values for this index (i.e. locations are closer to independence). Adult females, nymph cohorts and mixed age groups all have higher values for this index, which tend to increase over time. Females exhibit a clear increasing dose‐dependent relationship for this index. It is concluded that the extracts of fifth‐instar nymphal exuvia arrest males on refuges that possess the odour source. However, gregariousness is induced in females, without evidence of a tendency to assemble near the odour source.
High-Performance PEDOT:PSS/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Ionic Liquid Actuators Combining Electrostatic Double-Layer and Faradaic Capacitors (2016)

PSS/SWCNT/IL actuators.
History and development of non-intrusive electrical testing and assessment of DC traction motor armature condition and reliability during overhaul (1995)

The author describes a DC traction motor test regime which has proven highly successful for Queensland Rail (QR), Australia, over the past five years, being initially driven from the commercial view point of preventing costly operational failures of traction machines. The benefits of this policy are now starting to be realised, however, it has been a long process. Such developments are highly dependent on a detailed knowledge of the motor insulation and coil structure. This process of developing nonintrusive test indicators of traction machines is now also being applied to the stator windings of the newer three-phase asynchronous traction machines now starting service in QR. This basis for cost effective maintenance and minimisation of operational failures within QR continues. There is ongoing research into the development of these indicators. Training of QR staff and contractors, in testing for these indicators, observing unusual machine behaviour/test results and deviation from normal operation, continues.
Shape recovery performances of a deployable hinge fabricated by fiber-reinforced shape-memory polymer (2009)

A new type of fiber reinforced thermoset styrene-based shape-memory polymer composite (SMPC) is developed and analyzed. The main objective is to systematically characterize the shape recovery properties of SMPC, which is a foundation for SMPC used in deployable structures. Firstly, the deployment dynamics of cured SMPC shell is presented. Then, the shape recovery performance is investigated by finite element analysis (FEA). The deployment process of curved SMPC shell (from 0-180 degree) is simulated by the geometrically nonlinear analysis. The deployment moment increases with the increase of the thickness of curved shell, and the strain show somewhat uniform in the central part of the curved shell. Furthermore, a hinge made of SMPC is fabricated, which consists of two curved SMPC shells in opposite directs. The deployment of hinge can be achieved in about100s by applying a 20V voltage. The deployment ratio approaches approximate 100 %. Finally the deployment of a prototype of solar array actuated by the hinge is demonstrated.
Defect reduction progress in step and flash imprint lithography (2007)

Imprint lithography has been shown to be an effective method for the replication of nanometer-scale structures from a template mold. Step and Flash Imprint Lithography (S-FIL<sup>®</sup>) is unique in its ability to address both resolution and alignment. Recently overlay across a 200 mm wafer of less than 20nm, 3σ has been demonstrated. Current S-FIL resolution and alignment performance motivates the consideration of nano-imprint lithography as Next Generation Lithography (NGL) solution for IC production. During the S-FIL process, a transferable image, an imprint, is produced by mechanically molding a liquid UV-curable resist on a wafer. The novelty of this process immediately raises questions about the overall defectivity level of S-FIL. Acceptance of imprint lithography for CMOS manufacturing will require demonstration that it can attain defect levels commensurate with the requirements of cost-effective device production. This report specifically focuses on this challenge and presents the current status of defect reduction in S-FIL technology and will summarize the result of defect inspections of wafers patterned using S-FIL. Wafer inspections were performed with a KLA Tencor- 2132 (KT-2132) automated patterned wafer inspection tool. Recent results show wafer defectivity to be less 5 cm<sup>-2</sup>. Mask fabrication and inspection techniques used to obtain low defect template will be described. The templates used to imprint wafers for this study were designed specifically to facilitate automated defect inspection and were made by employing CMOS industry standard materials and exposure tools. A KT-576 tool was used for template defect inspection.