gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
House-GAN: Relational Generative Adversarial Networks for Graph-constrained House Layout Generation (2020)

This paper proposes a novel graph-constrained generative adversarial network, whose generator and discriminator are built upon relational architecture. The main idea is to encode the constraint into the graph structure of its relational networks. We have demonstrated the proposed architecture for a new house layout generation problem, whose task is to take an architectural constraint as a graph (i.e., the number and types of rooms with their spatial adjacency) and produce a set of axis-aligned bounding boxes of rooms. We measure the quality of generated house layouts with the three metrics: the realism, the diversity, and the compatibility with the input graph constraint. Our qualitative and quantitative evaluations over 117,000 real floorplan images demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms existing methods and baselines. We will publicly share all our code and data.
Initiation of radical polymerization with N‐acyloxytrialkylammonium tetraphenylborates (1970)

Abstract In order to clarify the initiation mechanism of vinyl polymerization initiated with tertiary amine/acyl peroxide systems and with tertiary amine/acid anhydride systems, some N‐acyloxytrialkylammonium salts, which are known as intermediates in these reactions, were prepared and used as initiators for the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA). N‐benzoyloxytriethylammonium tetraphenylborate was isolated from the reactions of benzoyl peroxide with triethylamine and of benzoic anhydride with triethylamine oxide, in the presence of sodium tetraphenylborate, at low temperature. Similarly N‐benzoyloxytrimethylammonium and N‐toluyloxytrimethylammonium tetraphenylborates were also isolated. All of these salts showed activity as initiator in the polymerization of MMA. From the kinetic study of this polymerization and from the result of copolymerization with styrene, the polymerizations initiated with N‐benzoyloxytriethylammonium tetraphenylborate were found to proceed via a radical mechanism. From the results obtained, it was concluded that the initiation mechanism for vinyl polymerizations with tertiary amine/acyl peroxide and tertiary amine oxide/acid anhydride systems which was proposed previously, is valid, i.e. these reactions proceed via an N‐acyloxytrialkylammonium intermediate which is then capable of a homolytic decomposition of its N⊕ –O bond into radicals to initiate the radical polymerization.
Resonance and the Perception of Musical Meter (1994)

Abstract Many connectionist approaches to musical expectancy and music composition let the question of ‘What next?’ overshadow the equally important question of ‘When next?’. One cannot escape the latter question, one of temporal structure, when considering the perception of musical meter. We view the perception of metrical structure as a dynamic process where the temporal organization of external musical events synchronizes, or entrains, a listener's internal processing mechanisms. This article introduces a novel connectionist unit, based upon a mathematical model of entrainment, capable of phase- and frequency-locking to periodic components of incoming rhythmic patterns. Networks of these units can self-organize temporally structured responses to rhythmic patterns. The resulting network behavior embodies the perception of metrical structure. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of our approach for theories of metrical structure and musical expectancy.
Treatment of IM-9 cells with human growth hormone (GH) promotes rapid disulfide linkage of the GH receptor (1994)

Human GH (hGH) is believed to elicit its signal by promoting dimerization of the hGH receptor (hGHR). In this study, we examined a covalent linkage of receptors induced by hGH treatment of IM-9 cells. hGH induced a time- and concentration-dependent appearance of a disulfide-linked species of 215-230 kilodaltons, designated p215-230, that at 37 C was long-lived (> 1 h). p215-230 was confirmed to contain the hGHR (115-140 kilodaltons) as at least one of its constituents by two-dimensional diagonal sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. hGH induction of p215-230 required intact cells and was inhibitable by pretreatment of cells with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), a sulfhydryl-reactive alkylating agent. NEM pretreatment did not, however, prevent hGH-dependent formation of a nondisulfide-linked p215-230 form, which was detected in NEM-pretreated hGH-stimulated cells by chemical cross-linking of detergent cell extracts. The disulfide-linked form of the hGHR accounted for a substantial fraction of the receptors that became tyrosine phosphorylated early into hGH treatment. However, formation of the disulfide-linked hGHR was not blocked by attenuation of tyrosine kinase activation, in that pretreatment of cells with staurosporine (1.25 microM) prevented detectable hGH-induced tyrosine phosphorylation without preventing the appearance of p215-230. These findings indicate that hGH induces its receptor to form a noncovalently associated complex, which then undergoes a rapid transition to a disulfide-linked form. These processes may have relevance to hGH signaling and/or hGHR trafficking.
High Temperature Epsilon-Near-Zero and Epsilon-Near-Pole Metamaterial Emitters for Thermophotovoltaics (2013)

We introduce a class of artificial media: high temperature Epsilon-near-Pole metamaterials consisting of plasmonic materials with high melting point and show that they can be used as efficient narrowband omnidirectional thermal emitters in thermophotovoltaic systems.
Optical phase modulation using a hybrid carbon nanotube-liquid-crystal nanophotonic device (2009)

The carbon nanotube-liquid-crystal (CNT-LC) nanophotonic device is a class of device based on the hybrid combination of a sparse array of multiwall carbon nanotube electrodes grown on a silicon surface in a liquid-crystal cell. The multiwall carbon nanotubes act as individual electrode sites that spawn an electric-field profile, dictating the refractive index profile within the liquid crystal and hence creating a series of graded index profiles, which form various optical elements such as a simple microlens array. We present the refractive index and therefore phase modulation capabilities of a CNT-LC nanophotonic device with experimental results as well as computer modeling and potential applications.
Mechanisms of sarcopenia of aging. (1999)

Age-related sarcopenia is characterized by decreased muscle mass and muscle strength, and increased muscle fatigability. A decrease in synthesis rates of mixed muscle proteins (average of all muscle proteins), myosin heavy chain (responsible for adenosine triphosphatase action) and mitochondrial proteins (site of adenosine triphosphate production) have been described with aging. Most of these changes start by middle age, thus contributing to the progressive decline in muscle size and function. How closely these changes are related to lifestyle and the decline in several hormones, particularly growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone, remains to be clearly defined. The ability to measure the specific effects of different types of exercise training on muscle protein metabolism has only recently become available. Thus, future investigations will continue to improve our understanding of protein metabolism in aging skeletal muscles. The development and assessment of successful countermeasures to age-related sarcopenia will hopefully follow these discoveries.
Film formation of latex in dry coating films (2007)

The objective of this master thesis was to investigate the possibility to measure the gain in stiffness of the dry coating due to film formation of latex with a Dynamic Mechanic Thermal Analyzer (DMTA). This could tell when and to which extent the latex forms a film after the drying process. Two latices with different Tg was used for the experiments, one with a Tg of 36°C, denoted hard, and the one with a Tg of 8°C, denoted soft. The hard latex was used to make coating samples that would not form a film when dried at room temperature and the soft latex was used as a reference to the coating with hard latex since it would form a film at room temperature. It was shown that a gain in stiffness due to film formation of latex in coating can be measured with a DMTA. It was also shown that that the film forming of latex in coatings depend on time, temperature and the history of the sample. Further investigations were carried out to try to determine the time for film formation to be completed at a certain temperature.. These investigations showed that this type of trials cannot be carried out in a DMTA directly since the stiffness seemed to increase monotonically during a very ling time. This might be due to the rearrangements in the pigment structure that might affect the gain in stiffness. Therefore, a method involving oven curing was developed. Only one series of test were performed with this method due to lack of time but the method showed promising results.
Ultraviolet laser crystallized ZnO:Al films on sapphire with high Hall mobility for simultaneous enhancement of conductivity and transparency (2014)

One of the most challenging issues in transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) is to improve their conductivity without compromising transparency. High conductivity in TCO films often comes from a high carrier concentration, which is detrimental to transparency due to free carrier absorption. Here we show that UV laser crystallization (UVLC) of aluminum-doped ZnO (AZO) films prepared by pulsed laser deposition on sapphire results in much higher Hall mobility, allowing relaxation of the constraints of the conductivity/transparency trade-off. X-ray diffraction patterns and morphological characterizations show grain growth and crystallinity enhancement during UVLC, resulting in less film internal imperfections. Optoelectronic measurements show that UVLC dramatically improves the electron mobility, while the carrier concentration decreases which in turn simultaneously increases conductivity and transparency. AZO films under optimized UVLC achieve the highest electron mobility of 79 cm2/V s at a low carrier concentration of 7.9 × 10+19 cm−3. This is realized by a laser crystallization induced decrease of both grain boundary density and electron trap density at grain boundaries. The infrared (IR) to mid-IR range transmittance spectrum shows UVLC significantly enhances the AZO film transparency without compromising conductivity.
Expression of multiple <i>γ</i>-glutamyltransferase genes in man (1994)

In clinical and pharmacological laboratories, the assay for gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity is an important diagnostic test, but one with high biological variability. Although the human genome contains multiple GGT genomic sequences, the diagnostic tests generally assume that only a single GGT gene is active. In the current study, segments encompassing parts of seven different potential human GGT genes have been molecularly cloned. Based on sequence determination of exons within these distinct genomic clones, oligonucleotide primers were designed which would prime and PCR-amplify putative mRNA of all seven potential GGT genes, if expressed. Gene-specific oligonucleotide probes were then utilized to assay the transcriptional status of the seven possible GGT genes in a wide variety of human RNAs. Our results show that a single GGT gene exhibits ubiquitous expression in all RNAs tested, including those from fetal and adult liver. A surprisingly large number of four additional GGT genes is expressed in man. Interestingly, these novel GGT genes are expressed in a tissue-restricted manner, which suggests that their corresponding gene products exhibit distinct functions in these specific tissues.
Epoxide Studies. I. The Ring Opening of cis- and trans- N,N-Diethylphenylglycidamide (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEpoxide Studies. I. The Ring Opening of cis- and trans- N,N-DiethylphenylglycidamideC. C. Tung and A. J. SpezialeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 8, 2009–2012Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01043a014https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01043a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views163Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis, structure determination and properties of MIL-53as and MIL-53ht: the first Criii hybrid inorganic–organic microporous solids: Criii(OH)·{O2C–C6H4–CO2}·{HO2C–C6H4–CO2H}xElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: crystal data, atomic coordinates and metrical parameters for MIL-53as and MIL-53ht. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b2/b201381a/ (2002)

The first three-dimensional chromium(III) dicarboxylate compounds have been isolated and their structures solved from powder X-ray diffraction data; the flexible framework of these materials delimits large pores.
cDNA cloning, characterization, and tissue-specific expression of human xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase. (1993)

We isolated cDNAs encoding xanthine dehydrogenase (XD; xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.204) from a human liver cDNA library. The complete nucleotide sequence of human XD was determined; the deduced amino acid sequence encoded a protein of 1336 amino acid residues of M(r) 147,782. Human XD possessed many of the signature sequences typical of XDs from flies and rodents, including an unusual cysteine distribution, a potential 2Fe/2S binding site, and a putative molybdopterin cofactor binding domain. Analysis of potential NAD binding sites suggested a simple hypothesis for the conversion of human XD into the oxygen metabolite forming xanthine oxidase (XO; xanthine:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.3.22). Using a human XD complementary RNA hybridization probe, we found a 5100-base RNA in human liver by RNA blot-hybridization analysis. This RNA exhibited tissue-specific distribution that may be pertinent to XD- and XO-mediated oxygen radical injury in ischemia/reperfusion and inflammation. A second 4500-base RNA was detected in some tissues and may arise through differential transcription termination.
Antimutagenic effects of ellagic acid, rutin andpsoralen against aflatoxin B1 (1998)

Aflatoxin Bl (AFB1) is frequently found in food and feedstuffs. It is a potent mutagenic and carcinogenic (e.g. hepatocellular carcinoma) mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus and A. nomius. At the cellular level, after appropriate metabolism of AFB1 in cytochrome P450-dependent reactions, the resulting epoxide binds to DNA and induces point mutations. Using a Salmonella microsuspension assay we have examined: (1) mutagenic activity of AFB1 in the presence of the S9 fraction in TA98 and TA100 tester strains, (2) antimutagenic activity of ellagic acid (EA), rutin (RU) and psoralen (PS) against AFB1. The result of our investigations, was that the TA98 strain was more sensitive than the TA100 to mutagenic action of AFB1 and antimutagenic action of EA, RU and PS. Among the three compounds PS showed the highest anti-AFBl activity; 20 ng of PS inhibited the response to 10 ng of AFB1 by 90%, while the same amount of EA inhibited AFB1 by 82%, and RU was less potent still (only 60% inhibition).
Congenital abnormalities and childhood cancer (2005)

The significant relative risks found in the current study provided evidence of links between the presence of abnormalities and the development of cancer. Some "cancer-prone" abnormalities were identified in the current study. Such anomalies may be markers of other exposures or processes that increase the risk of developing cancer.
Ultra-high-speed optical coherence tomography with a stretched pulse supercontinuum source (2006)

We introduce a new high-speed Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) scheme based on a stretched pulse supercontinuum source. A wide-band short pulse of a supercontinuum source of which output spectrum spanned a wavelength range from 1,200 nm to 1,550 nm was stretched to a long pulse of 70-ns duration by using a dispersive fiber due to the group-velocity dispersion, and it was used directly as frequency-swept light for FD-OCT. The OCT spectral interferogram was acquired in the time domain and converted into the spectral domain by the pre-calibrated time-to-wavelength relation. Using this stretched-pulse OCT (SP-OCT) scheme, we have demonstrated an ultrahigh-speed axial-line scanning rate of 5 MHz. The axial resolution of 8 microm was achieved without re-calibration of the sweep characteristic owing to the passive nature of the frequency-sweeping mechanism.
Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy in Precision Feed Formulation (1997)

Because of the problems inherent in determining the digestible amino acid content of batches of feedstuffs used for the formulation of feeds, feed manufactures routinely over-formulate for digestible amino acids. A producer wishing to assure that no more than 20% of the batches of feed produced are nutritionally inadequate must over-formulate by 7.5% for a feed containing 65% maize, 25% soybean meal, and 5% poultry by-products when using randomly-selected batches of these feedstuffs. Selecting batches based on protein content allows for a reduction of this safety margin to 6.3%, since protein is a predictor, albeit a poor one, for digestible amino acid content. Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) was evaluated as a tool to directly predict the digestible amino acid content of animal meals with the objective to develop a nutritionally relevant quality control tool. Using a database containing 78 animal meals, we developed calibrations that explained 70-90% of the variation in digestible amino acid content. Achieving such a degree of accuracy for all feedstuffs of interest would permit over-formulation to be reduced to 3%. The precision of NIRS technology and its short sample analysis time would give feed mills an efficient, economical quality control tool for producing feeds that more accurately match the nutritional profile calculated.
The dependence of the spontaneous polarization on the molecular structure (1991)

The spontaneous polarization Ps of homologous liquid crystalline thiadiazole derivatives was investigated. By elongation of the alkyloxy group attached near to the asymmetric carbon atom Ps increases from the methoxy to the hexyloxy derivative and decreases by further extension of the alkyloxy part. By chemical variation of the polarity and the molecular shape we demonstrate the importance of the steric relations for Ps.
Growth Factor-Induced Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Hrs, a Novel 115-Kilodalton Protein with a Structurally Conserved Putative Zinc Finger Domain (1995)

The activation of growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of many intracellular proteins which are thought to play crucial roles in growth factor signaling pathways. We previously showed that tyrosine phosphorylation of a 115-kDa protein is rapidly induced in cells treated with hepatocyte growth factor. To clarify the structure and possible function of the 115-kDa protein (designated Hrs for hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate), we purified this protein from B16-F1 mouse melanoma cells by anti-phosphotyrosine immunoaffinity chromatography and determined its partial amino acid sequences. On the basis of the amino acid sequences, we molecularly cloned the cDNA for mouse Hrs. The nucleotide sequence of the cDNA revealed that Hrs is a novel 775-amino-acid protein with a putative zinc finger domain that is structurally conserved in several other proteins. This protein also contained a proline-rich region and a proline- and glutamine-rich region. The expression of Hrs mRNA was detected in all adult mouse tissues tested and also in embryos. To analyze the Hrs cDNA product, we prepared a polyclonal antibody against bacterially expressed Hrs. Using this antibody, we showed by subcellular fractionation that Hrs is localized to the cytoplasm; we also showed that that tyrosine phosphorylation of Hrs is induced in cells treated with epidermal growth factor or platelet-derived growth factor. These results suggest that Hrs plays a unique and important role in the signaling pathway of growth factors.
Direct silicidation of Co on Si by rapid thermal annealing (1987)

Rapid thermal annealing is used to form cobalt silicide directly on unimplanted as well as B-, As-, and P-implanted wafers. The films are characterized by sheet resistance, X-ray diffraction, SEM, TEM, SIMS, and contact resistance measurements. The direct silicidation of Co on Si by rapid thermal annealing yields smooth low-resistivity films with minimal dopant redistribution.
Electrochemical Behavior of Fluorinated Boron-Doped Diamond (2003)

The surface properties and the electrochem. behavior of a fluorinated B-doped diamond (F-BDD) electrode prepd. by plasma treatment in CF4-He mixt. was studied by XPS and cyclic voltammetry in acidic media. The results showed C-F bonding (C-CF and C-F) on the surface of F-BDD, which made the surface more hydrophobic. Also hydrogen evolution was shifted to more cathodic potentials for fluorinated diamond, as compared with untreated BDD. Finally, the higher cathodic overpotential for hydrogen evolution permitted Ni deposition and nitrate redn. [on SciFinder (R)]
Feasibility Evaluation of a Novel Method for Destruction of Organics (1991)

Based on previous theoretical studies performed by the author, a possibility of the cementation induced oxidation-reduction of organics has been postulated. Experiments with pure aqueous solutions of selected refractory and hazardous organics and industrial wastewater have confirmed such a possibility and demonstrated very high process rates and efficiencies.
A rocking motion sensor for the blind. (1976)

Rocking motion is an unconscious and often unwanted phenomenon exhibited by the blind. It is usually manifested in oscillatory back and forth, side to side, or rotatory movements of the upper torso or head at about 1 Hz rate. Subjects desiring to function unobtrusively in the world of the sighted need to be alerted when rocking so they can control it. The rocking motion sensor incorporates biofeedback and records rock occurrences. A miniature body mounted accelerometer senses body accelerations exceeding 0.1g. These motions during a given period, compared with a presettable "rock threshold", discriminate rocking from normal activities. Sound biofeedback alerts the subject that he has exceeded threshold. Another counting and timing subsystem determines "end of rock" and resets the system. A recorder is provided that records signals only during rocking. Timing information is provided on a separate channel to permit later time line analysis. The rocking motion sensor system utilizes primarily solid state CMOS circuits with a combination of synchronous-asynchronous timing. The recorder is a modified commercial unit. The two units are separate, portable, and belt mounted. Tests have been made and results will be presented.