gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Up-and-Down Methodology Applied to Statistically Planned Experiments (1993)

Abstract Twenty-four modified small sample up-and-down tests were conducted to estimate the median endurance limits of unplated and cadmium-plated ½-13NC 2A machine screws of SAE Grades 2, 5, and 8, each fastened using standard geometry SAE Grade 2 zincplated nuts or Ranged SAE Grade 8 nuts (termed toolmarker's nuts). The test program was a split-plot experimental design with six mainplots (three grades of machine screws, each unplated or cadmium-plated) and two split-plots (nut-type) within each main-plot. This test program was repeated to form two time-blocks, each time-block involving twelve modified small sample up-and-down fatigue test sequences conducted under test conditions that were as uniform as practical. Based on prior test data, the effect of the split-plot factor, nut-type, was of primary interest in this study. Two statistical analyses are discussed herein: the standard (parametrie), analysis of variance and an alternative nonparametric analysis. Recommendations are made on how to conduct similar multifactor test programs involving up-and-down test sequences to estimate the median endurance limits of interest.
Three-Dimensional Acromioclavicular Joint Motions During Elevation of the Arm (2008)

Significant motion occurs at the acromioclavicular joint during active humeral elevation, contributing to scapular motion on the thorax. This information provides a foundation for understanding normal acromioclavicular joint motion as a basis for further investigation of pathology and rehabilitation approaches.
Informatics Solutions for Smart Metering Systems Integration (2015)

In this paper different aspects regarding smart metering systems integration have been depicted. Smart metering systems, renewable energy sources integration and advanced tariff systems implementation require informatics solution that could automatically collect and process data, forecast the behavior of electricity consumers, analyze trends regarding electricity prices, optimize the consumption of consumers, provide friendly interfaces, etc. They are advanced technologies that represent solutions for insufficient conventional primary energy sources, gas emissions, dependency on energy sources located outside European Union and issues related to energy efficiency. This paper mainly describes several informatics solutions correlated with operational requirements for smart metering system and our proposal for simplified architecture of smart metering systems, with three distinct levels (base level, middle level and top level) and load profile calculation methods.
Mapping with limited sensing (2007)

For a mobile robot to interact with its environment in meaningful ways, it must possess a model of the environment, i.e., a map. In most cases it is infeasible for an accurate map to be constructed by hand and provided to the robot prior to deployment. Therefore, the robot must construct a map online. Most mapping algorithms assume the availability of frequent, high fidelity feedback from the environment acquired using sensors such as scanning laser rangefinders. Such sensors provide dense, accurate, and long-range data at great expense: they typically cost thousands of (US) dollars, consume significant power and space resources, and require the use of powerful computers for data processing. These sensors are therefore unsuitable for deployment in many applications, e.g., consumer-level robots, disposable robots for search and rescue or hazardous material detection, or mobile sensor networks. The proposed thesis will develop and demonstrate algorithms for mapping with more limited sensors such as infrared rangefinder arrays, which are inexpensive, low-power, and small. The tradeoff of using such sensors is that they give only low-resolution, short-range feedback
A 69.8 dB SNDR 3<sup>rd</sup>-order Continuous Time Delta-Sigma Modulator with an Ultimate Low Power Tuning System for a Worldwide Digital TV-Receiver (2010)

This paper presents a 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> -order continuous time delta-sigma modulator for a worldwide digital TV-receiver whose SNDR is 69.8 dB. An ultimate low power tuning system using RC-relaxation oscillator is developed in order to achieve high yield against PVT variations. A 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> -order modulator with modified single opamp resonator contributes to cost reduction by realizing very compact circuit. The mechanism to occur 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> -order harmonic distortion at current feedback DAC was analyzed and a reduction scheme of the distortion enabled the modulator to achieved FOM of 0.18 pJ/conv-step.
Exchange‐Coupled Bimagnetic Wüstite/Metal Ferrite Core/Shell Nanocrystals: Size, Shape, and Compositional Control (2009)

Iron oxide-based exchange-coupled nanomagnets consisting of antiferromagnetic wüstite (FexO) cores covered by ferrimagnetic metal ferrite shells (see figure) are chemically synthesized in a simple one-pot procedure. The synthesis allows independent size, shape, and compositional control. The strong exchange coupling at the core/shell interface results in unique magnetic properties.
Lock-free linked lists using compare-and-swap (1995)

Article Lock-free linked lists using compare-and-swap Share on Author: John D. Valois Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteView Profile Authors Info & Claims PODC '95: Proceedings of the fourteenth annual ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computingAugust 1995 Pages 214–222https://doi.org/10.1145/224964.224988Online:20 August 1995Publication History 168citation2,567DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations168Total Downloads2,567Last 12 Months98Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
A Review on 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; and 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; Generation Bioethanol Production-Recent Progress (2016)

Today’s society is based on the use of fossil resources for transportation fuels. The result of unlimited consumption of fossil fuels is a severe depletion of the natural reserves and damage to the environment. Depleting fossil reserves and increasing demand for energy together with environmental concerns have motivated researchers towards the development of alternative fuels which are eco-friendly, renewable and economical. Bioethanol is one such dominant global renewable transport biofuel which can readily substitute fossil fuels. Conventionally, bioethanol has been produced from sucrose and starch rich feedstocks (edible agricultural crops and products) known as 1st generation bioethanol; however this substrate conflicts with food and feed production. As an alternative to 1st generation bioethanol, currently there is much focus on advancing a cellulosic bioethanol concept that utilizes lignocellulosic residues from agricultural crops and residues (such as bagasse, straw, stover, stems, leaves and deoiled seed residues). Efficient conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into bioethanol remains an area of active research in terms of pretreatment of the biomass to fractionate its constituents (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin), breakdown of cellulose and hemicellulose into hexose and pentose sugars and co-fermentation of the sugars to ethanol. The present review discusses research progress in bioethanol production from sucrose, starch and cellulosic feedstocks. Development of efficient technology to convert lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars and optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis using on-site/ in-house enzyme preparation are the key areas of development in lignocellulosic bioethanol production. Moreover, finding efficient fermenting microorganisms which can utilize pentose and hexose sugars in their metabolism to produce ethanol together with minimum foam and glycerol formation is also an important parameter in fermentation. Research has been focusing on the application of genetically modified strains, thermoanaerobes and mixed cultures of different strains in bioethanol production from sucrose, starch and lignocellulosic feedstocks.
Anhydrous Milk Fat Fractionation with Continuous Countercurrent Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (1993)

ABSTRACT A continuous pilot‐scale supercritical carbon dioxide system was designed and built for separation and fractionation up to 400 g/hr of anhydrous milk fat. This fat was separated into five fractions (S1‐S5) in the pressure range 24.1–3.4 MPa at 40–75°C. The solvent/feed ratio was 62 with extraction yield 78 wt%. The short‐chain (C4‐C8) and medium‐chain (C10‐C12) fatty acids increased from S1S5. The long‐chain and unsaturated fatty acids (C14‐C18) decreased gradually from S1‐S5. The triglycerides followed the same trend as fatty acids. Cholestrol content decreased by 51% and β‐carotene concentration increased by 145% in the raffinate (S1).
Artificial intelligence and financial services (1991)

The author surveys key requirements and specific design techniques for artificial intelligence (AI) applications in the financial services industry. After discussing some of the fundamental challenges which the financial services industry presents for decision technology, the motivations for the use of AI are related to a number of typical applications, which are broadly categorized into suitable development and delivery environments and generic domain utilities required from shells or customized systems for that industry. Markets and trades are then shown to be well described in terms of knowledge representation and data structures, by object-oriented features embedded into logic programming environments. Conflict resolution strategies, preference aggregation and revealed beliefs are studied. A formal analysis of investment decision criteria is given. An example from currency risk management exemplifies this area. Intelligent information screens are presented to stress the need for knowledge-based techniques in financial information retrieval.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Brönsted Acid-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Indoles from <i>o</i>-Aminobenzyl Alcohols and Furans (2013)

Brönsted acid-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of indoles from o-aminobenzyl alcohols and furans has been developed. This method operates via the in situ formation of aminobenzylfuran, followed by its recyclization into the indole core. The method proved to be efficient for substrates possessing different functional groups, including -OMe, -CO2Cy, and -Br. The resulting indoles can easily be transformed into diverse scaffolds, including 2,3- and 1,2-fused indoles, and indoles possessing an α,β-unsaturated ketone moiety at the C-2 position.
The Inversion Spectra of NH<sub>3</sub>, CH<sub>3</sub>Cl and CH<sub>3</sub>Br at High Pressures (1950)

The absorption due to the inversion spectrum of ammonia has been studied at pressures up to 6 atmospheres between wavelengths of 8 cm. and 8 mm. The resonant frequency is found to shift downwards from 0.78 cm-1 as the pressure rises, becoming substantially zero above 2 atmospheres. The line width rises less rapidly than the pressure in the transition region, but ultimately becomes proportional to the pressure with an effective ` collision diameter ' of 7.7 A. These effects are attributed to multiple collisions, which become dominant at the higher pressures; the resonant inversion is then destroyed by the molecular interaction.
<title>Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) Trackers For High Accuracy Guidance Applications</title> (1979)

Recent advances in large area charge coupled device (CCD) imaging detectors and high speed microprocessors have prompted the development of a new class of electro-optical tracking instruments at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). These instruments are designed for standardized NASA-wide usage and are characterized by their extremely high pointing accuracy and stability and performance capabilities which are largely software defined and thus easily adapted to a variety of mission requirements. This paper presents an examination of the methods by which CCD detectors are being incorporated in star tracker instruments and the performance capa-bilities that can be expected from currently available devices. The multi-function sensor concept, in which a single sensor can function in a variety of guidance applications, is described. Software algorithms designed to provide efficient extraction of guidance information from both point and extended images are also presented. CCD star tracker implementations currently underway at JPL are described, and performance data obtained during laboratory testing is presented and discussed.
Multifunctional 2.5D metastructures enabled by adjoint optimization (2019)

Optical metasurfaces are two-dimensional arrays of meta-atoms that modify different characteristics of light such as phase, amplitude, and polarization. One intriguing feature that distinguishes them from conventional optical components is their multifunctional capability. However, multifunctional metasurfaces with efficiencies approaching those of their single-functional counterparts require more degrees of freedom. Here we show that 2.5D metastructures, which are stacked layers of interacting metasurface layers, provide sufficient degrees of freedom to implement efficient multifunctional devices. The large number of design parameters and their intricate intercoupling make the design of multifunctional 2.5D metastructures a complex task, and unit-cell approaches to metasurface design produce suboptimal devices. We address this issue by designing 2.5D metastructures using the adjoint optimization technique. Instead of designing unit cells individually, our technique considers the structure as a whole, accurately accounting for inter-post and inter-layer coupling. As proof of concept, we experimentally demonstrate a double-wavelength metastructure, designed using adjoint optimization, that has significantly higher efficiencies than a similar device designed with a simplified approach conventionally used in metasurface design. The 2.5D metastructure architecture empowered by the optimization-based design technique is a general platform for realizing high-performance multifunctional components and systems.
Quality of Life in Individuals with Physical Disabilities (1998)

The disability per se did not decrease the disabled individual's quality of life. The individual's capacity to cope with everyday life was of great importance. Occupation or meaningful occupational activities as well as social integration at different stages of life should be taken into account when planning intervention programmes in the future.
Can recycled kraft fibres benefit from chemical addition before they are first dried (2002)

The goal of this work is to overcome the loss of bonding strength experienced by kraft fibres when they are dried and reslurried. Paper strength was compared in the presence or absence of chemical pretreatments of the refined, never-dried pulp. Polyelectrolytes of relatively high molecular mass had the greatest beneficial effect on the compression strength of recycled unbleached kraft paper. Results were consistent with the persistent nature of charged complexes formed by polyelectrolytes at fibre surfaces, and the contribution of such complexes to inter-fibre bonding, even after drying and recycling. Differing effects of certain chemicals on compression versus tensile tests suggest that chemicals can affect not only the extent, but also the physical properties of inter-fibre bond sites.
MAGNETIC AFTEREFFECTS OF CO-&gamma;-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> FINE PARTICLES (1991)

Magnetic aftereffect constant, Sv, and rotational hysteresis integral, Rh, of CO-γ-Fe2O3 particles, whose particle mean volume, V, is especially fine, and of VHS tapes produced on a trial basis using these particles were measured for a comparative study with those of metal and Ba-ferrite. The activation volume, v, calculated from Sv and Hc had a relationship of Hc ∼v-0.67. V/v was approximately 4. The results were nearly the same as those with metal particles. CO-γ-Fe2O3 and metal particles showed the trends by which the more v and V/v decreased, the closer the coherent rotation mode became. In the case of Ba-ferrite, as Hc increases Rh decreases, to gradually approach the coherent rotation mode. The mechanism of magnetization reversal have a close relationship with v and V.
Electrospun Polymer Nanofibrous Membrane for Filtration (2009)

Modern processing techniques in fiber technology combined with novel polymer materials results in new products. Electrospinning is one of the methods to prepare nanofibers of polymer or polymer composite materials. Membranes made out of these nanofibers can be used in variety of applications like filtration, tissue engineering, drug delivery etc. The membrane properties are governed by their surface properties and pore distribution, as well as their morphology. In this paper we are reporting the preparation and characterization of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) nanofibers and membrane made out of these fibers. The surface and cross sectional morphologies are characterized using scanning electron microscopy. Further the membrane is characterized for pore size distribution and pure water permeability. This work can be extended for exploring the use of electrospinning nanofibrous membranes for filter application.
Prevention and Treatment of Influenza (2000)

Influenza is a disease known since antiquity that continues to afflict large numbers of people and cause many deaths throughout the world. The annual epidemic and the continued threat of a pandemic constitute a major infectious-disease problem.18 Although the prevention of the spread of virus by ill persons and the removal of virus in transit in the environment could theoretically contribute to the control of influenza, effective control requires the optimal use of vaccines and antiviral drugs. At present, a vaccine and four antiviral drugs are approved in the United States and many other countries for the prevention and . . .
Effect of acute nerve root compression on endoneurial fluid pressure and blood flow in rat dorsal root ganglia (2004)

The objective of the current study was to test the hypothesis that crush injury to nerve root increases endoneurial fluid pressure (EFP) and decreases blood flow in the associated dorsal root ganglion (DRG). A total of 21 adult, female Sprague-Dawley rats had their left L5 nerve root and DRG exposed. The L5 nerve root was clamped for 2 s with a vascular suture clip just proximal to the DRG (compression group). Sham-operated animals without compression were used for control (control group). EFP was recorded with a servo-null micropipette system using a glass micropipette with tip diameter of 4 mum before and after 3 h of treatment. After the final measurement of EFP, DRG was excised and processed for histology. Blood flow in the DRG was continuously monitored by laser Doppler flow meter for 3 h. Three hours after treatment, EFP was 4.7+/-2.7 cm H(2)O in the compression group and 2.2+/-1.2 cm H(2)O in the control group (P<0.05). Edema was the principal pathologic findings seen consistently in the DRG from animals in the compression group. Blood flow in the compression group was reduced 10 min after compression. This reduction was statistically significant compared with that of the control (P<0.01). An acute compression to the nerve root increased endoneurial edema, increased EFP in the associated DRG, and reduced DRG blood flow. This combination of increased EFP and decreased blood flow in the DRG may result in neuronal ischemia and sensory dysfunction. These acute pathophysiologic changes may thus have a role in the pathogenesis of low back pain and sciatica due to disc herniation and spinal canal stenosis.
Vinylcyclopropanone Cyclic Acetal-Synthesis, Polymerization, Structure of the Polymer and Mechanism of the Polymerization (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVinylcyclopropanone Cyclic Acetal-Synthesis, Polymerization, Structure of the Polymer and Mechanism of the PolymerizationFumio Sanda, Toshikazu Takata, and Takeshi EndoCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 5, 1099–1111Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00083a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00083a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views387Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Age Related Differences in Electroencephalographic and Cardiac Arousal at the Termination of Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea. (2000)

Our findings suggest that the differences in EEG and cardiac arousal, and the pattern of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) between middle-aged and elderly patients with SDB might be a physiological phenomenon of aging.
Rectal delivery system for insulin. (1988)

The purpose of this investigation was to first screen for potential effectiveness several rectal gels as insulin delivery systems and to select one promising dosage form as candidate for further evaluation in rabbits and man. Criteria for effectiveness were the "pharmacologic availability", determined as the ratio between the total area under the percent glucose reduction versus time curves upon rectal administration and the standard (I.V. for rabbits and S.C. for man), the maximum reduction in glucose blood concentration, the time to reach the maximum and the mean residence time of glucose reduction. The rectal gels consisted of emulsion systems prepared from pH 8 buffer solution containing insulin, an oleaginous phase, a surface active agent (bile salts, Myrj or Brij), and a viscosity increasing agent. The finally selected rectal gel was tested in rabbits both in a parallel and a crossover design in nondiabetic and diabetic animals. The selected rectal gel in nondiabetic and diabetic rabbits resulted in a pharmacologic availability of about 25%. By addition of Azone the pharmacologic availability was further increased, although not significantly (small n). In nondiabetic man the pharmacologic availability was about 32%, whereas the bioavailability (measured from plasma insulin) was only about 11%. Drugs undergoing hepatic first-pass metabolism and for which the liver is the biophase, should show increased pharmacologic availability with decreased bioavailability (if the latter one is due to first-pass effect).