gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Subdomain Folding of the Coiled Coil Leucine Zipper from the bZIP Transcriptional Activator GCN4 (1994)

One popular model for protein folding, the framework model, postulates initial formation of secondary structure elements, which then assemble into the native conformation. However, short peptides that correspond to secondary structure elements in proteins are often only marginally stable in isolation. A 33-residue peptide (GCN4-p1) corresponding to the GCN4 leucine zipper folds as a parallel, two-stranded coiled coil [O'Shea, E.K., Klemm, J.D., Kim, P.S., & Alber, T.A. (1991) Science 254, 539-544]. Deletion of the first residue (Arg 1) results in local, N-terminal unfolding of the coiled coil, suggesting that a stable subdomain of GCN4-p1 can form. N- and C-terminal deletion studies result in a 23-residue peptide, corresponding to residues 8-30 of GCN4-p1, that folds as a parallel, two-stranded coil with substantial stability (the melting temperature of a 1 mM solution is 43 degrees C at pH 7). In contrast, a closely related 23-residue peptide (residues 11-33 of GCN4-p1) is predominantly unfolded, even at 0 degrees C, as observed previously for many isolated peptides of similar length. Thus, specific tertiary packing interactions between two short units of secondary structure can be energetically more important in stabilizing folded structure than secondary structure propensities. These results provide strong support for the notion that stable, cooperatively folded subdomains are the important determinants of protein folding.
Feasibility of water injection into the turbine coolant to permit gas turbine contingency power for helicopter application (1983)

A system which would allow a substantially increased output from a turboshaft engine for brief periods in emergency situations with little or no loss of turbine stress rupture life is proposed and studied analytically. The increased engine output is obtained by overtemperaturing the turbine; however, the temperature of the compressor bleed air used for hot section cooling is lowered by injecting and evaporating water. This decrease in cooling air temperature can offset the effect of increased gas temperature and increased shaft speed and thus keep turbine blade stress rupture life constant. The analysis utilized the NASA-Navy-Engine-Program or NNEP computer code to model the turboshaft engine in both design and off-design modes. This report is concerned with the effect of the proposed method of power augmentation on the engine cycle and turbine components. A simple cycle turboshaft engine with a 16:1 pressure ratio and a 1533 K (2760 R) turbine inlet temperature operating at sea level static conditions was studied to determine the possible power increase and the effect on turbine stress rupture life that could be expected using the proposed emergency cooling scheme. The analysis showed a 54 percent increse in output power can be achieved with no loss in gas generator turbine stress rupture life. A 231 K (415 F) rise in turbine inlet temperature is required for this level of augmentation. The required water flow rate was found to be .0109 kg water per kg of engine air flow.
Dynamic soft drusen remodelling in age-related macular degeneration (2010)

Dynamic remodelling processes of drusen resorption and new drusen formation are distinct disease activities that can occur simultaneously and are not captured by change in total drusen load. Dynamic changes occur at rates more than twice that of net changes, and may be a useful marker of disease activity.
Enhanced sialylation of recombinant erythropoietin in CHO cells by human glycosyltransferase expression. (2008)

Sialylation, the attachment of sialic acid residues to a protein, can affect the biological activity and in vivo circulatory half-life of glycoproteins. Human alpha2,3- sialyltransferase (alpha2,3-ST) and beta1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta1,4-GT) are responsible for terminal sialylation and galactosylation, respectively. Enhanced sialylation of human erythropoietin (EPO) by the expression of alpha2,3-ST and beta1,4-GT was achieved using recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells (EC1). The sialic acid content and sialylation of N-glycans were evaluated by HPLC. When alpha2,3-ST was expressed in CHO cells (EC1-ST2), the sialic acid content (moles of sialic acid/mole of EPO) increased from 6.7 to 7.5. In addition, the amount of trisialylated glycans increased from 17.3% to 26.1%. When alpha2,3-ST and beta1,4-GT were coexpressed in CHO cells (EC1-GTST15), the degree of sialylation was greater than that in EC1-ST2 cells. In the case of EC1-GTST15 cells, the sialic acid content increased to 8.2 and the proportion of trisialylated glycans was markedly increased from 17.3% to 35.5%. Interestingly, the amount of asialoglycans decreased only in the case of GTST15 cells (21.4% to 14.2%). These results show that coexpression of alpha2,3- ST and beta1,4-GT is more effective than the expression of alpha2,3-ST alone. Coexpression of alpha2,3-ST and beta1,4-GT did not affect CHO cell growth and metabolism or EPO production. Thus, coexpression of alpha2,3-ST and beta1,4-GT may be beneficial for producing therapeutic glycoproteins with enhanced sialylation in CHO cells.
Ethidium bromide changes the nuclease-sensitive DNA binding sites of the antitumor drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II). (1982)

Exonuclease III has been shown previously to reveal the binding sites of the antitumor drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) on DNA. Pretreatment of the same DNA with the intercalator ethidium bromide causes new platinum binding sites to be detected by the exonuclease III method. In particular, a 5'd(G6-D-G2)3' sequence in a 165-base-pair restriction fragment of plasmid pBR322 becomes a preferred site for exonuclease III-detectable cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)binding. This switching of nuclease-sensitive platinum binding to new sites by the influence of another drug, ethidium bromide, offers an explantation at the molecular level for the phenomenon of synergism in combination chemotherapy.
<I>Liposomes as Carriers of Cisplatin into the Central Nervous System</I> (1990)

The anticancer agent cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cisplatin) has several disadvantages, including extreme nephrotoxicity, rapid binding to plasma proteins, and poor penetration of the central nervous system. In this study liposomes, which can cross the blood-brain barrier, were investigated for their potential in delivering therapeutic agents to brain tumors. Liposomes prepared from egg phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol in a 3:1 molar ratio were divided into 1-ml aliquots and either labeled with 14C or treated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The preparations were administered via the carotid artery to rats bearing 9L glioma. Radioactive uptake by brain tumor and normal tissues was measured with a liquid scintillation counter. The presence of HRP-containing liposomes in capillary endothelium and brain tumor cells was demonstrated by light and electron microscopic histochemical techniques. Thirty minutes after injection of 14C-labeled liposomes, radioactive uptake was higher in the spleen than in normal brain, brain tumor, liver, and kidney. Also uptake was greater in brain tumor and lower in kidney than that of cisplatin given alone. Light microscopy showed HRP-containing liposomes in brain tumor tissue 30 minutes after injection. On electron microscopy, liposomes were found to be regularly distributed in surface invaginations and vesicles of capillary endothelial cells. They were also observed within tumor cells. These results indicate that liposomes can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and hold promise as drug carriers in the treatment of brain tumors with cisplatin.
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN TETANUS (1942)

Journal Article The Central Nervous System in Tetanus Get access A. B. Baker, M.D. A. B. Baker, M.D. Minneapolis *From the Division of Nervous and Mental Diseases, University of Minnesota. Assistance in the accumulation of these data was furnished by the personnel of Work Projects Administration, Official number 165-1-71-124, sub-project numbers 249 and 288. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, Volume 1, Issue 4, October 1942, Pages 394–405, https://doi.org/10.1097/00005072-194210000-00004 Published: 01 October 1942
Transportation Resources Information Processing System (TRIPS) (1991)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">California's Department of Transportation (CALTRANS) is developing a plan to team with public and private organizations, domestic and foreign, to develop a Transportation Resources Information Processing System (TRIPS) which will permit urban, suburban and rural communities to use the public telephone network to better manage their local transportation resources. TRIPS will use computers and telecommunications to provide drivers, riders, and other local transportation decision-makers with better information about local travel alternatives, including new types of low-cost, door-to-door public transportation services. Preliminary research indicates that TRIPS could greatly increase the productivity of local transportation systems at a low cost to taxpayers.</div>
Characteristics of spin-valve films with non-magnetic oxide layers for specular-scattering (2001)

We found a new spin-valve structure in which low coercivity coexists with high GMR ratio is substrate/Ta/NiFe/PtMn/CoFe/Ru/Ox/CoFe/Cu/CoFe/Cu/Ta-O. "Ox" means that Ru layer surface was exposed to oxygen gas. In this structure, the free layer is separated from the top specular layer by a copper layer and shows no increase in coercivity. Furthermore, the free layer was well oriented due to the thin oxide layer in the bottom pinned layer and the coercivity did not increase. After annealing at 295/spl deg/C, GMR and the exchange-bias field showed little change, which meant the oxide layers were stable. For the structure glass/Ta [3 nm]/NiFe [2 nm]/PtMn [10 nm]/CoFe [1.5 nm]/Ru [0.8 nm]/Ox/CoFe [2 nm]/Cu [2 nm]/CoFe [2 nm]/Cu [1 nm]Ta-O [1 nm], GMR ratio of 14.9% and change in sheet resistance of 3.3 ohms were obtained. The coercivity of the free layer exhibited 0.4 Oe.
Error Rate Analysis of Labeling by Crowdsourcing (2013)

Crowdsourcing label generation has been a crucial component for many real-world ma-chine learning applications. In this paper, we provide finite-sample exponential bounds on the error rate (in probability and in ex-pectation) of hyperplane binary labeling rules for the Dawid-Skene (and Symmetric Dawid-Skene) crowdsourcing model. The bounds can be applied to analyze many commonly used prediction methods, including the ma-jority voting, weighted majority voting and maximum a posteriori (MAP) rules. These bound results can be used to control the error rate and design better algorithms. In particu-lar, under the Symmetric Dawid-Skene model we use simulation to demonstrate that the data-driven EM-MAP rule is a good approx-imation to the oracle MAP rule which ap-proximately optimizes our upper bound on the mean error rate for any hyperplane bi-nary labeling rule. Meanwhile, the average error rate of the EM-MAP rule is bounded well by the upper bound on the mean error rate of the oracle MAP rule in the simulation. 1.
FDA Approves Phase III Clinical Trial of Tocilizumab for COVID-19 Pneumonia (2020)

The FDA has approved a phase III clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of intravenous tocilizumab (Actemra) plus standard of care in hospitalized adult patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
Interactions between PBEF and oxidative stress proteins – A potential new mechanism underlying PBEF in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (2008)

Identification of pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor (PBEF) interacting partners may reveal new molecular mechanisms of PBEF in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI). The interactions between PBEF and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1(ND1), ferritin light chain and interferon induced transmembrane 3 (IFITM3) in human pulmonary vascular endothelial cells were identified and validated. ND1, ferritin and IFITM3 are involved in oxidative stress and inflammation. Overexpression of PBEF increased its interactions and intracellular oxidative stress, which can be attenuated by rotenone. The interaction modeling between PBEF and ND1 is consistent with the corresponding experimental finding. These interactions may underlie a novel role of PBEF in the pathogenesis of ALI.
Correlation between central corneal thickness, applanation tonometry, and direct intracameral IOP readings (2001)

There is no systematic error of applanation tonometry with increasing CCT. Therefore it is inadequate to recalculate IOP based on regression formula of applanatory IOP versus CCT.
A security mediator for health care information. (1996)

The TIHI (Trusted Interoperation of Healthcare Information) project addresses a security issue that arises when some information is being shared among collaborating enterprises, although not all enterprise information is sharable. It assumes that protection exists to prevent intrusion by adversaries through secure transmission and firewalls. The TIHI system design provides a gateway, owned by the enterprise security officer, to mediate queries and responses. The latter are typically transmitted via the Internet. The enterprise policy is determined by rules provided to the mediator. We show examples of typical rules. The problem and our solution, although developed in a healthcare context, is equally valid among collaborating enterprises.
The<i>Growth Arrest-Specific</i>Gene Product Gas6 Promotes the Survival of Human Oligodendrocytes via a Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Dependent Pathway (2003)

Microarray analysis revealed that transcripts for the Axl and Mer receptor tyrosine kinases are expressed at high levels in O4+-immunopanned oligodendrocytes isolated from second trimester human fetal spinal cord. In humans the sole known ligand for the Axl/Rse/Mer kinases is growth arrest-specific gene 6 (Gas6), which in the CNS is secreted by neurons and endothelial cells. We hypothesized that Gas6 is a survival factor for oligodendrocytes and receptor activation signals downstream to the phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3)-kinase/Akt pathway to increase cell survival in the absence of cell proliferation. To test this hypothesis, we grew enriched human oligodendrocytes for 6 d on a monolayer of NIH3T3 cells stably expressing Gas6. CNP+ oligodendrocytes on Gas6-secreting 3T3 cells had more primary processes and arborizations than those plated solely on 3T3 cells. Also, a twofold increase in CNP+ and MBP+ oligodendrocytes was observed when they were plated on the Gas6-secreting cells. The effect was abolished in the presence of Axl-Fc but remained unchanged in the presence of the irrelevant receptor fusion molecule TrkA-Fc. A significant decrease in CNP+/TUNEL+ oligodendrocytes was observed when recombinant human Gas6 (rhGas6) was administered to oligodendrocytes plated on poly-L-lysine, supporting a role for Gas6 signaling in oligodendrocyte survival during a period of active myelination in human fetal spinal cord development. PI3-kinase inhibitors blocked the anti-apoptotic effect of rhGas6, whereas a MEK/ERK inhibitor had no effect. Thus Gas6 sustains human fetal oligodendrocyte viability by receptor activation and downstream signaling via the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway.
Anaerobic decomposition of DDT in soil accleration by volatile components of alfalfa (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnaerobic decomposition of DDT in soil accleration by volatile components of alfalfaWylie D. BurgeCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1971, 19, 2, 375–378Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60174a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60174a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Area Decomposition Algorithm for Large Region Maritime Search (2020)

In this paper, an area decomposition algorithm is presented that is suitable for multiple vessels and multiple aircraft participating in maritime searches over a large region. The algorithm can decompose the entire sea region to be searched (deemed as polygonal area) into nonoverlapping subpolygons (search subareas) according to the sizes of the areas covered by various search facilities while considering their search capabilities as well as their corresponding commence search points. The algorithm draws on the concept of a polygon division algorithm in computational geometry. The main novelty in this study is the optimization of the classic polygon division algorithm by introducing a “maximizing-minimum-angle” strategy, which can effectively compensate for the deficiency of the traditional algorithm, as reflected in the area decomposition result. This improved algorithm can produce rectangle-like subareas, especially for a rectangular search region, which is commonly used in maritime search operations. For nonrectangular search regions, a right-angle division can be achieved so that the shapes of the search subareas are more conducive to planning specific search routes for search facilities. Fast maritime search coverage over a large region can be achieved. The effectiveness of the algorithm is validated by comparing decomposition results before and after the improvement.
Trauma-Induced Protein in Rat Tissues: A Physiological Role for a "Heat Shock" Protein? (1981)

Hyperthermic shock induces the synthesis of a novel protein (P71) in many rat tissues in vivo. In incubated rat tissue slices P71 is the major protein synthesized even though it is undetectable in the tissues of a normal, unstressed rat. P71 is "heat shock" protein, and it may be induced in vivo by stimuli other than hyperthermia. These results indicate that caution must be used in studies of protein synthesis in tissue explants, since the pattern of proteins synthesized by rat tissue slices is characteristic of stressed tissue.
An efficient image similarity measure based on approximations of KL-divergence between two gaussian mixtures (2003)

We present two new methods for approximating the Kullback-Liebler (KL) divergence between two mixtures of Gaussians. The first method is based on matching between the Gaussian elements of the two Gaussian mixture densities. The second method is based on the unscented transform. The proposed methods are utilized for image retrieval tasks. Continuous probabilistic image modeling based on mixtures of Gaussians together with KL measure for image similarity, can be used for image retrieval tasks with remarkable performance. The efficiency and the performance of the KL approximation methods proposed are demonstrated on both simulated data and real image data sets. The experimental results indicate that our proposed approximations outperform previously suggested methods.
Effect of deposition conditions and post deposition anneal on reactively sputtered titanium nitride thin films (2015)

Titanium nitride (TiNx) was deposited by reactive sputtering using a titanium target in a nitrogen ambient. Nitrogen flow rate during deposition was varied in order to investigate its effect on film resistivity. Conductivity is found to improve with increasing nitrogen content. Films were then annealed, varying the time and temperature of the anneal. Resistivity was found to decrease with longer annealing time and higher temperature during post deposition annealing. TiNx films showed good thermal and electrical stability upon annealing and did not show any silicon diffusion. It was found that film orientation can influence the resistivity, with [111] oriented films more resistive than [200] oriented films. Moreover, re-crystallization effects brought on by post deposition annealing cause the resistivity to decrease. Films deposited above 20% nitrogen flow rates during deposition were all stoichiometric TiN. However, TiNx deposited at very high nitrogen flow rate was found to be electrically, thermally and morphologically more stable than the ones deposited at low nitrogen flow rates.
Growth Inhibitors Against Tumor Cells in Cordyceps sinensis Other than Cordycepin and Polysaccharides (1994)

Cordyceps sinensis is a parasitic fungus that has been used as a Chinese medicine for a long time. In the present study, inhibitory effects of crude methanolic extracts of C. sinensis fruiting bodies on various tumor cell lines were demonstrated. The crude methanolic extracts were fractionated into 15 fractions by silica gel column chromatography. Two of the 15 fractions (CS-36-39 and CS-48-51) significantly inhibited the growth of K562, Vero, Wish, Calu-1, and Raji tumor cell lines. The inhibitory activities were not due to the polysaccharides, which have been removed in the extracting process. The polarities of these two fractions indicated that they were different from that of cordycepin. Therefore, it is suggested that tumor cell growth inhibitors, other than cordycepin and polysaccharides, are contained in C. sinensis.
Polyester Polyols from Waste PET Bottles for Polyurethane Rigid Foams (2003)

This paper describes a modified process to produce polyester polyols from PET wastes derived from the “bottle fraction residue” of the German Dual System (DSD) [11] employing a waste oligoester condensate of the polyesterification process with the addition of some glycols of longer chain and occasional modification with further dicarboxylic acids to produce polyester polyols of a broad range of properties which are further reacted to form polyurethane or polyisocyanurate rigid foams for insulation, construction materials, or coatings.