gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dimeric Benzylcalcium Complexes:  Influence of THF in Stereoselective Styrene Polymerization (2002)

Two dimeric benzylcalcium complexes were prepared and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction: {(Me3Si-fluorenyl)[o-(dimethylamino)benzyl]Ca}2 (6) and {(EtMe4Cp)[o-(dimethylamino)benzyl]Ca}2 (8). Both complexes show a core of Ca2+ ions that are symmetrically bridged by benzyl anions. Fluorenyl or cyclopentadienyl ligands are bonded in terminal positions. The Me2N groups coordinate each on a different Ca2+ ion. Their dimeric nature is preserved in apolar solvents (benzene, toluene), and addition of THF results in cleavage of the dimer in THF-solvated monomers. The THF-free dimeric benzylcalcium complex 6 initiates the living polymerization of styrene. Polymers enriched in syndiotactic sequences are obtained (ca. 85% r-diads). Addition of equimolar amounts of THF (Ca/THF ratio is 1:1) does not disturb the stereocontrol in the polymerization reaction. A Ca/THF ratio of 1:4, however, significantly impairs the stereocontrol. We propose an insertion step that proceeds with a high degree of syndiotactic selectivity and an inversion mechanism that racemizes the chiral chain-ends. Excess THF increases the rates of inversion of the chiral carbanionic chain-ends, thus destroying the stereoregularity in the polymer chain.
Analyzing and eliminating the causes of fault sensitivity analysis (2014)

Fault Sensitivity Analysis (FSA) is a new type of side-channel attack that exploits the relation between the sensitive data and the faulty behavior of a circuit, the so-called fault sensitivity. This paper analyzes the behavior of different implementations of AES S-box architectures against FSA, and proposes a systematic countermeasure against this attack. This paper has two contributions. First, we study the behavior and structure of several S-box implementations, to understand the causes behind the fault sensitivity. We identify two factors: the timing of fault sensitive paths, and the number of logic levels of fault sensitive gates within the netlist. Next, we propose a systematic countermeasure against FSA. The countermeasure masks the effect of these factors by intelligent insertion of delay elements. We evaluate our methodology by means of an FPGA prototype with built-in timing-measurement. We show that FSA can be thwarted at low hardware overhead. Compared to earlier work, our method operates at the logic-level, is systematic, and can be easily generalized to bigger circuits.
Improvement of Chronic Back Pain or Failed Back Surgery with Vitamin D Repletion: A Case Series (2009)

This article reviews 6 selected cases of improvement/resolution of chronic back pain or failed back surgery after vitamin D repletion in a Canadian family practice setting. Pub Med was searched for articles on chronic back pain, failed back surgery, and vitamin D deficiency. Chronic low back pain and failed back surgery may improve with repletion of vitamin D from a state of deficiency/insufficiency to sufficiency. Vitamin D insufficiency is common; repletion of vitamin D to normal levels in patients who have chronic low back pain or have had failed back surgery may improve quality of life or, in some cases, result in complete resolution of symptoms.
Efficient stereo video coding based on frame skipping for real-time mobile applications (2008)

An efficient stereo video coding algorithm based on frame skipping is proposed for real-time mobile applications in this work. Based on the binocular suppression theory, the proposed algorithm skips a selected set of frames to save the encoding complexity and the transmission bit rate. At the decoder side, we reconstruct those skipped frames faithfully using the advanced bilateral interpolation method. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm provides better PSNR performances than the conventional stereo coding algorithm, while achieving realtime encoding and decoding.
Glass transitions in native silk fibres studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (2016)

Silks are a family of semi-crystalline structural materials, spun naturally by insects, spiders and even crustaceans. Compared to the characteristic β-sheet crystalline structure in silks, the non-crystalline structure and its composition deserves more attention as it is equally critical to the filaments' high toughness and strength. Here we further unravel the structure-property relationship in silks using Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA). This technique allows us to examine the most important structural relaxation event of the disordered structure the disordered structure, the glass transition (GT), in native silk fibres of the lepidopteran Bombyx mori and Antheraea pernyi and the spider Nephila edulis. The measured glass transition temperature Tg, loss tangent tan δ and dynamic storage modulus are quantitatively modelled based on Group Interaction Modelling (GIM). The "variability" issue in native silks can be conveniently explained by the different degrees of structural disorder as revealed by DMTA. The new insights will facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the structure-property relations for a wide range of biopolymers.
Synthesis of (<i>R</i>)‐Sulforaphane Using [cpru(<i>R, R</i>)‐CHIRAPHOS)]<sup>+</sup> as Chiral Auxiliary (1997)

Abstract A new enantioselective (80% ee ) synthesis of ( R )‐sulforaphane and its epimer ( S )‐sulforaphane is described, which makes use of the pseudo‐tetrahedral complex fragment [CpRu‐(CHIRAPHOS)] + as a chiral auxiliary. Reaction of the chloride complexes [CpRu(L–L)Cl] [L–L = 1,‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe), (2 S ,3 S )‐and (2 R ,3 R )‐bis(diphenylphosphino)‐butane (( S , S )‐ and ( R, R )‐CHIRAPHOS, respectively)] with phthalimidobutyl methyl sulfide gives the thioether complexes [CpRu(L–L)(MeSC 4 H 8 NPhth)]PF 6 . Oxygen transfer from dimethyldioxirane (DMD) produces the corresponding sulfoxide complexes in high yield and high diastereoselectivity. Cleavage of the phthaloyl group with aqueous hydrazine and subsequent reaction with thiophosgene yields the sulforaphane complexes [CpRu(L–L)(MeS(O)C 4 H 8 NCS)]PF 6 . Treatment of these with sodium iodide finally liberates the sulforaphane without noticeable racemization.
Accuracy, integrity, and security in computerized vote-tallying (1988)

Recommendations are provided to promote accuracy, integrity, and security in computerized vote-tallying, and to improve confidence in the results produced.
Constance Spry: A Millionaire for a Few Pence (2005)

Constance Spry: A Millionaire for a Few Pence September 17 to November 28 2004, Design Museum, London, UK
The Shortest Path Algorithm Based on Hierarchical Road Network (2006)

The shortest path algorithm is one basic theoretic problem in ITS which has already been an indispensable function in different kinds of navigation systems, monitor and control systems, and other analysis aided decision systems. Firstly Dijkstra algorithm and heuristic algorithm will be analyzed in this paper. Secondly the shortest path algorithm based on hierarchical road network will be put forward. Finally a test will be implemented on the traffic map of Chengdu in China whose result will be satisfactory.
A study of variation of normal of polygons created by point cloud data for architectural renovation field (2011)

Acquiring current 3D space data of cities, buildings, and rooms rapidly and in detail has become indispensable. When the point cloud data of an object or space scanned by a 3D laser scanner is converted into polygons, it is an accumulation of small polygons. When object or space is a closed flat plane, it is necessary to merge small polygons to reduce the volume of data, and to convert them into one polygon. When an object or space is a closed flat plane, each normal vector of small polygons theoretically has the same angle. However, in practise, these angles are not the same. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify the variation of the angle of a small polygon group that should become one polygon based on actual data. As a result of experimentation, no small polygons are converted by the point cloud data scanned with the 3D laser scanner even if the group of small polygons is a closed flat plane lying in the same plane. When the standard deviation of the extracted number of polygons is assumed to be less than 100, the variation of the angle of the normal vector is roughly 7 degrees.
The Oxidation of Amines with Peracetic Acid (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Oxidation of Amines with Peracetic AcidWilliam D. EmmonsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 20, 5528–5530Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01577a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01577a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1615Altmetric-Citations89LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pressure Distribution Within a Stepped Parallel Bore Hydrodynamic Pressure Unit (2000)

In this paper a solution has been developed for the pressure distribution within a stepped parallel bore unit taking account of the changes in the viscosity of the polymer melt during wire drawing and coating process. Theoretical results are obtained for different wire speeds and geometrical parameters of the pressure unit in terms of the changes in viscosity and pressure distributions within the unit. These results are compared with experimental results from the literature.
Pain Associated with. Osteoarthritis* (1960)

Journal Article Pain Associated with. Osteoarthritis: First Case History Get access Ivan Kline, B.S. Ivan Kline, B.S. Chief Physical Therapist 1Baptist Memorial Hospital, Jacksonville, Florida. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Physical Therapy, Volume 40, Issue 5, May 1960, Page 374, https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/40.5.374 Published: 01 May 1960
Identification and Characterization of a Potent Antibacterial Agent, NH125 against Drug-resistant Bacteria (2000)

New imidazole compounds were synthesized to develop a novel and effective antibacterial agent (1-benzyl-3-cetyl-2-methylimidazolium iodide, NH125). In vitro experiments demonstrated that NH125 effectively inhibited a number of different histidine protein kinases. Furthermore, oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE), penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRS), and other Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were found to be very sensitive to NH125.
Fall Detection System based Internet of Things (2015)

낙상은 시간과 장소에 상관없이 언제든지 발생할 수 있으며 특히 65세 이상 고령자의 경우 사망에 까지 이를 수 있는 위험요소 중 하나이다. 최근 사물인터넷을 기반으로 하는 스마트 헬스케어 서비스로서 낙상 감지 기술에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 스마트 센서로 동작하는 아두이노와 스마트 디바이스를 연동하여 낙상을 감지하기 위한 시스템을 제안한다. 스마트 센서의 가속도 센서 정보를 블루투스 저전력 기술을 이용하여 전송하면 스마트 디바이스가 이 정보를 가공 및 분석하여 낙상 상황을 판단한다. 스마트 센서와 스마트 디바이스를 이용한 사물인터넷 기반 낙상 감지 시스템은 활동성과 휴대성의 제약을 극복할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. Falling can happen to anyone, anywhere at anytime and especially it is one of the risk factor that can lead causes of death of persons aged 65 and over. Recently, the study of fall detection mechanisms as a smart healthcare service based on the IoT(Internet of Things) are being actively investigated. In this paper, we implement a fall detection system using arduino as a smart sensor communicates with a smart device. When transmitting the information of the acceleration on a sensor smart sensor with a BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy), the smart device processing and analyzing this information. and determines a fall situation. A fall detection system based on the Internet of Things which using smart sensor and smart device, has the advantage of being able to overcome the mobility and portability constraints.
SOME CULTURAL, IMMUNOLOGICAL, AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF <i>PROGENITOR CRYPTOCIDES</i>* (1974)

A bstract Guinea pigs became skin‐positive to test doses of PPD (purified protein derivative‐Seibert) and to other related PPD preparations in various degrees following immunization with phenolized cultures of Progenitor cryptocides , an intermittently acid‐fast pleomorphic filterable Actinomycete isolated from human cancer patients. This reactivity, indicative of the relationship to M. tuberculosis as well as to several other related microbes, may account for the effective treatment of some types of human cancer with BCG (Bacillus Calmette Guérin). Another property of P. cryptocides is the production in vitro of a parahormone immunologically and biologically related to human chorionic gonadotropin. Since the cancer patient often exhibits various types of hormonal imbalance, the microbic exogenous production of this hormone may explain the neoplastic parahormone syndrome in man. There are some biological differences in experimental animals between the microbic and human chorionic gonadotropin, but the in vitro and radioimmunological tests are identical. The microbic hormone appears to play an important role in human cancer, since it not only is present in tumors, body tissues, and fluids but may be excreted in large amounts in the urine. The amount excreted is variable, depending upon the rate of microbic production of the hormone in vivo and the resistance of the host as expressed through immunological and metabolic degradation systems.
A Comprehensive and Efficient Handoff Procedure for IPv6 Mobility Support (2006)

Handoff performance with mobile IPv6 route optimization strongly depends on the efficiency of IP-layer auto-configuration mechanisms as well as the flexibility of mobile nodes to schedule and parallelize their signaling. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the handoff performance with the standard IPv6 protocol suite and mobile IPv6, and it identifies several sources for delay. While some of the delays are already well known, an optimized and widely applicable handoff approach is yet to be found. The paper hence proceeds to discuss existing and new optimization proposals, some of which are currently under standardization within the IETF, and elaborates how a combination of those can significantly improve handoff experience
In-Vitro Development of Aggregates of Bovine Inner Cell Mass Cells or Bovine Mammary Cells and Putative Tetraploid Embryos Produced by Electrofusion. (1999)

The present study was carried out to establish aggregation procedures of bovine inner cell mass (ICM) cells and tetraploid embryos to produce cloned cattle in a different way from nuclear transfer. Bovine two-cell embryos produced by in vitro fertilization were exposed to the electric pulse to fuse 2 blastomeres resulting in tetraploid embryos. Nine (18.8%) of 48 embryos fused by electrofusion developed to blastocyst stage. Three (16.7%) aggregates consisting of two putative tetraploid embryos and one clump of ICM cells developed to blastocyst. And the aggregates which were aggregated with a clump of bovine mammary cells and a clump of ICM cells which were stained with Hoechst also developed to blastocysts. These blastocysts were illuminated by UV, overall or some parts of all ICM of the aggregates treated were observed to luminesce. This raises the possibility that the clumps of the cells can form some parts of ICM of the aggregates. These results indicate that the aggregates of a clump of ICM cells or mammary cells and tetraploid embryos developed to blastocyst stage and that some parts of ICMs of the aggregates were originated from the clump of cells.
The Role of NF‐κB in Protein Breakdown in Immobilization, Aging, and Exercise: From Basic Processes to Promotion of Health (2005)

Between the ages of 20 and 80 years, humans lose about 20-30% of their skeletal muscle weight. This phenomenon has been termed sarcopenia of old age and is directly involved in the well-being of the aged. With aging, people tend to be less mobile and are frequently bedridden, which exacerbates the muscle weight loss. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the muscle protein breakdown during immobilization in aging have been studied in our laboratory in a model of 24-month-old Wistar rats, immobilized for 4 weeks. Subsequently we investigated the activation of the intracellular and extracellular proteolytic systems in the immobilized muscles. A similar group of young (6-month-old) rats was examined and compared to the older rats. The involvement of NF-kappaB transcription factor in muscle atrophy was assessed in immobilized muscles of young and old animals. There were marked differences in the kinetics and the pattern of NF-kappaB activation in young versus old muscles. It seems that in both young and old animals in the early stages of limb immobilization, an alternative pathway of NF-kappaB activation can be observed. However, in late stages of immobilization, the canonic pathway of NF-kappaB activation (p65/p50 complex with I-kappaB alpha degradation) is predominant. Interestingly, the canonic activation pathway is more prominent in muscles from old animals compared to young ones. The activation of NF-kappaB has been observed also in muscles subjected to acute and intense exercise, implying that inflammatory processes may take place under the conditions of intense exercise. This may cause muscle damage and protein breakdown. Therefore, using NF-kappaB pathway inhibitors may prove beneficial in attenuating NF-kappaB-associated muscle damage in both disuse atrophy and strenuous exercise.
The QCDSP project —a status report (1998)

We give a brief overview of the massively parallel computer project underway for nearly the past four years, centered at Columbia University. A 6 Gflops and a 50 Gflops machine are presently being debugged for installation at OSU and SCRI respectively, while a 0.4 Tflops machine is under construction for Columbia and a 0.6 Tflops machine is planned for the new RIKEN Brookhaven Research Center.
Therapeutic recommendations in polycythemia vera based on Polycythemia Vera Study Group protocols. (1986)

The PVSG was organized in 1967 to establish effective diagnostic criteria for polycythemia vera, to study the natural history of the disease and to define the optimal treatment. Although polycythemia vera and the other myeloproliferative diseases are relatively uncommon, the PVSG was able to accumulate well over 1,000 patients with these various disorders and to study them according to a total of 15 different protocols. PVSG-01, a long-term randomized controlled study of phlebotomy alone compared with the myelosuppressive agents, 32P or chlorambucil supplemented by phlebotomy, continues to receive follow-up data on 93% of surviving patients 18 years after initiation of the study. During its lifetime, PVSG has developed a widely accepted and highly effective set of criteria for the specific diagnosis of polycythemia vera as well as useful criteria for the diagnosis of essential thrombocythemia. It has gathered an enormous volume of data on the natural history of the myeloproliferative diseases and in particular on the nature of the prevalent complications, such as thrombotic events and hematologic and nonhematologic malignancies. With respect to the final question, the optimal treatment for polycythemia vera, it is apparent that the expectation of a single optimal therapy that would apply to all patients at all ages and stages of the disease was naive. Nevertheless considerable progress has been made. Moreover, the group has defined more precisely than ever before the nature of the complications of the disease and the association of the risks of specific complications with specific forms of therapy. It thus has made it possible to pose the next series of therapeutic questions that must be addressed in this disorder with a greater degree of sophistication than was previously possible.
Dermal Lymphatic Invasion and Inflammatory Breast Cancer Are Independent Predictors of Outcome After Postmastectomy Radiation (2009)

DLI and IBC are independent predictors of poor outcome after postmastectomy radiation. DLI is associated with an increased risk for LRR, and IBC with worse rates of DM and OS. Patients with both features have worse outcome than those with either alone.
Synthesis and characterization of an antihuman T-lymphocyte saporin immunotoxin (OKT1-SAP) with in vivo stability into nonhuman primates (1988)

The authors conjugated, by a disulphide bond, the antihuman T- lymphocyte (CD5) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) OKT1 to the saporin-6 (SAP) ribosome-inactivating protein of the plant Saponaria officinalis. The resulting OKT1-SAP immunotoxin bound to CD5-expressing target cells and under standard culture conditions specifically suppressed mitogen- induced-T-lymphocyte DNA and protein synthesis in a dose-related manner. T-lymphocyte killing was achieved by five-minute exposure of the target cells to OKT1-SAP. The concentration inhibiting 50% (IC50) of T-lymphocyte DNA synthesis was 0.32 nmol/L. The potency of OKT1-SAP was moderately enhanced by amantadine (IC50 0.08 nmol/L) but not by ammonium chloride or chloroquine. Whole blood components did not interfere with the efficacy of OKT1-SAP, as in vitro treatment of fresh whole blood resulted in effective elimination of clonable peripheral blood T-lymphocytes assessed by a limiting dilution assay. Because these characteristics of T-lymphocyte killing by OKT1-SAP (ie, rapidity of action, potency also without potentiators) and lack of inhibition by whole blood components may be relevant for the use of an immunotoxin as a therapeutic agent in humans, the authors evaluated the stability in vivo and the circulatory clearance of OKT1-SAP in cynomolgus monkeys. Following a single intravenous (IV) injection of nontoxic dosages (0.16 to 1.3 mg/kg), an initial rapid decline (t1/2 alpha = 1.0 to 4.1 hours) was followed by a long-lasting slower decrease (t1/2 beta = 11.6 to 20.6 hours) of OKT1-SAP plasma concentrations as detected by double- antibody solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay. Not only did OKT1-SAP remain intact immunologically but it also retained its biological activity, as measured by the ability of plasma samples from monkeys given immunotoxin to inhibit DNA synthesis in human T-lymphocytes. Taken together the findings presented in this article indicate the feasibility of using OKT1-SAP as a therapeutic tool and provide information that will facilitate the rational use of immunotoxins as a treatment modality in humans.
EASY ENGLISH, A LANGUAGE FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL THROUGH A REMOTE TYPEWRITER CONSOLE (1967)

Abstract : Easy English is a natural command language designed to simplify communication between man and machine through a remote typewriter console. It is made up of readily recognized sentences of the English language, sentences which any layman might be expected to use in everyday requests for services or articles from a familiar source. Easy English was developed as a command language for retrieval of documents from a computerized data base, specifically from the Moore School Information Systems Laboratory (MSISL) files. It is intended for all information retrieval systems using remote typewriter consoles in a conversational mode.