gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The processing of sheepskin for use as a dermal collagen graft--an experimental study. (1987)

In search of a biological mesh-prosthesis, sheepskin was processed according to established methods in the manufacture of leather. The dermal collagen fibre-mesh of sheepskin was purified by a proteolytic enzyme treatment after which the skins were split, providing a split-skin graft corresponding to the reticular layer of the dermis. The split-skin graft was subsequently tanned with a buffered glutaraldehyde solution (1.5% w/w, pH = 8, time of exposure 2 1/2 hrs, temp. 20 degrees C). Tannage was assessed by determination of the hydrothermal shrinkage temperature (Ts) of the grafts. Ts of the untanned grafts was 44.5 degrees C (n = 43, SD = 4.8). Glutaraldehyde tannage resulted in an elevation of Ts to 74.8 degrees C (n = 36, SD = 0.8). Untanned and tanned specimens were implanted subcutaneously in rats. Short-term (3-21 days) and long-term (6-36 weeks) survival periods were studied. The untanned graft evoked a minimal tissue-response consisting of host fibroblasts and blood-vessels which had reinhabited the graft. In contrast, the tanned graft elicited a moderate degree of foreign body reaction and a greater fibroblastic and vascular response. The untanned graft had been absorbed by the 36th week, whereas the tanned graft had persisted, concurrently invoking the deposition of newly formed, fibrous collagen. The intended practical application of the glutaraldehyde tanned dermal collagen graft in surgery includes its use as a mesh-prosthesis, a wound dressing, a tendon or ligament substitute and as a vascular conduit.
Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer into kidney glomeruli using an ex vivo and in vivo kidney perfusion system - first steps towards gene therapy of Alport syndrome. (1996)

In order to develop gene therapy for Alport syndrome, we have examined the efficiency of adenovirus-mediated transfer of the beta-galactosidase gene into cultured cells and intact glomeruli in vitro, and developed an organ perfusion system for gene transfer into kidney ex vivo and in vivo. Human endothelial and mesangial cells, as well as isolated human glomeruli, were readily infected and exhibited expression of the reporter gene. Single or multiple injections of the virus solution into the renal artery of pig in vivo did not lead to significant gene transfer and expression of the reporter gene in kidney cells. To increase the exposure time of kidney cells to the virus we perfused kidneys ex vivo and in vivo for up to 12 and 2 h, respectively. The perfusion system consisted of a perfusate container, a peristaltic pump and an artificial membrane lung gassed with carbogen. Using this system, intense expression of the reporter gene could be achieved in up to about 85% of the glomeruli after perfusion of an explanted kidney ex vivo and about the same efficiency of gene transfer could be obtained in glomerular cells after 2-h perfusion in vivo. Some expression was observed in other vascular endothelial cells following the perfusion, but no expression was observed in cells of the Bowman's capsule or epithelial cells of the tubuli. The X chromosome-linked form of Alport syndrome is caused by defects in the gene for the type IV collagen of alpha5 chain, which is primarily expressed in the kidney in glomerular cells. The present results demonstrated that efficient gene transfer can be achieved into glomerular cells, a prerequisite for gene therapy of this disease. The organ perfusion method developed in this study might also be applicable for gene therapy of other diseases.
Improved red blood cell counting in thin blood smears (2011)

Quantification of the extent of malaria parasite infection (parasitaemia) continues to rely on time-consuming manual microscopy of Giemsa-stained blood smears. We present an algorithm that counts red blood cells in thin blood smear images, the first step in the determination of malaria parasitaemia. Morphological methods and iterative thresholding are used for red blood cell segmentation, and boundary curvature calculations and Delaunay triangulation for red blood cell clump splitting. Our results compare well with those of published semi-automated methods, with an absolute error of 2.8% between manual and automatic counting of red blood cells.
Sub-Modular Circuit Design for Self-Balancing Series-Connected IGBTs in a Modular Multilevel Converter (2019)

Series-connected IGBTs, when properly controlled, operate similarly to a single device with a much higher voltage capacity. Integrating series IGBTs into a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) can reduce its complexity without compromising the voltage capacity. This paper presents the circuit design on the sub-modular level of a MMC in which all the switching devices are series-connected IGBTs. The voltage sharing among the series IGBTs are regulated in a self-balancing manner. Therefore, no central series IGBT controller is needed, which greatly reduces the sensing and communication complexities, increasing the flexibility and expandability. Hardware experiment results demonstrate that the series IGBTs are able to self-regulate the voltage sharing in a fast and accurate manner and the system can operate similarly to a sub-module in a MMC.
Phase Space-variance Correction Method for Missile-borne Bistatic Forward-looking SAR Based on Equivalent Range Equation (2016)

As a new and special bistatic SAR imaging mode, Missile-borne Bistatic Forward-Looking SAR (MBFL-SAR) can perform Two-Dimensional (2D) imaging during the terminal diving period of missile. However, double square root and high order terms in range history make it difficult to obtain its 2D frequency spectrum effectively. The changing heights and different velocities of the transmitter and the receiver yield to the space variant characteristic of echo signal phase. This paper presents a phase space-variance correction method for MBFL-SAR based on the revised equivalent range equation. In this method, the range equation containing double square root and high order terms is equivalent and simplified to one only containing single square root, based on which 2D frequency spectrum with high precision is gained using the principle of stationary phase. Then, the space variant phase terms of 2D frequency spectrum are compensated accurately through high order polynomial fitting, followed by the focus of the imaging scene. This method can perform imaging with high precision and is more efficient than the traditional algorithm. Finally, the simulation experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Cognition commands change. (1981)

Problematic behavior can be viewed as the result of the interaction between parents and children as guided by operating assumptions. Preliminary research suggests that enduring and generalized adaptive changes in problematic behavior are engendered when behavior modification techniques like praise are augmented with cognitive techniques like self talk. The changes may be more enduring and generalized when these techniques are used not only with children but also with and by parents. However, research is needed to validate this working hypothesis as well as to determine the most effective behaviors and cognitions of parents necessary to bring about and maintain change. Until this research has been validated, clinicians may utilize these techniques both with and by parents and with children on the bases of face validity and of extending logically the findings in the areas of behavior modification and cognitive-behavioral techniques.
Enhancement of Immunologic Tumor Regression by Intratumoral Administration of Dendritic Cells in Combination with Cryoablative Tumor Pretreatment and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Cell Wall Skeleton Stimulation (2006)

This novel dendritic cell immunotherapy with i.t. administration of BCG-CWS-treated dendritic cells following tumor cryoablation could be used for the therapy of cancer patients with multiple metastases.
A Novel Test-Bed for Immersive and Interactive Broadcasting Production Using Augmented Reality and Haptics (2006)

In this paper, we demonstrate an immersive and interactive broadcasting production system with a new haptically enhanced multimedia broadcasting chain. The system adapts Augmented Reality (AR) techniques, which merges captured videos and virtual 3D media seamlessly through multimedia streaming technology, and haptic interaction technology in near real-time. In this system, viewers at the haptic multimedia client can interact with AR broadcasting production transmitted via communication network. We demonstrate two test applications, which show that the addition of AR- and haptic-interaction to the conventional audio-visual contents can improve immersiveness and interactivity of viewers with rich contents service.
The Epidemiology of Human Telomeres: Faults and Promises (2008)

There are neglected but growing problems in the epidemiological field of telomere biology. The focus of the field has been on leukocyte telomere dynamics, which ostensibly register the accruing burden of oxidative stress and inflammation. Important as they are, studies that have examined associations between leukocyte telomere length and indices of aging and diseases of aging also include many that are compromised by poor epidemiological and laboratory methodology. The shortcomings of these studies muddle findings, undermine conclusions, and compromise the ability of the field to attain its goals, which include a better understanding of human aging. Specific steps are delineated to resolve these problems. They include a call for an impartial evaluation of the two major methods (Southern blots and quantitative polymerase chain reaction) currently in use to measure telomere parameters and a proposal for a working model to test the potential connections of leukocyte telomere dynamics with human aging and longevity.
Website Quality Indicators for Consumers (2005)

DISCERN has potential as an indicator of content quality when used either by experts or by consumers. Google PageRank shows some promise as an automatic indicator of quality.
A selective epitaxial SiGe/Si planar photodetector for Si-based OEICs (2002)

This paper reports, for the first time, a P-i-N SiGe/Si superlattice photodetector with a planar structure for Si-based OEICs (Opto-Electronic Integrated Circuits). To make the planar structure, a novel SiGe/Si selective epitaxial growth technology by a cold wall UHV (Ultra-High-Vacuum)/CVD is newly developed. The P-i-N planar SiGe/Si photodetector exhibits a high external quantum efficiency (/spl eta//sub ext/) of 25%-29% with a low dark current of 0.5 pA//spl mu/m/sup 2/ and responds up to 10 Gbit/s at /spl lambda/=0.98 /spl mu/m.
Natural resistance to infection with intracellular pathogens: Cross‐talk between <i>Nramp1</i> and <i>Lps genes</i> (1997)

This study was designed to analyze the association of Nramp1 and/or Lps genes with differential protein expression in macrophages in order to select candidate proteins that might be related to resistance/susceptibility to various microbial infections under the control of the Nramp1 and/or Lps genes. The macrophage cell lines derived from bone marrow of Nramp1 or Lps congenic mice were utilized and high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoreis (2-DE), separating proteins according to their charge and size, was used as a window into alterations in gene expression and a means to compare the macrophages carrying a resistant allele of Nramp1 gene and/or normal allele of Lps gene, with their counterparts carrying either a susceptible allele of Nramp1 or defective allele of the Lps gene. We demonstrate that the changes of constitutive levels of two proteins named according to their isoelectric point/molecular weight (pI/Mr), p6.6/25 and p7.0/22, discriminate satisfactorily not only the macrophages congenic at the Nramp1 gene but also the macrophages congenic at the Lps gene, thus reflecting their common genotype (Nramp1r, Lps[n]). Furthermore, the decreased constitutive levels of these proteins in macrophages carrying a defective allele of Lps but preserving a resistant allele of Nramp1 can be, at least in part, restored by stimulation with interferon gamma or lipopolysaccharide. 2-DE immunoblot analysis identified the p7.0/22 protein as manganese superoxide dismutase. Bcl-2 appears to be the best candidate for p6.6/25 as suggested by 2-DE quantitative alterations and Western blot analysis. These proteins are important in the regulation of intracellular redox balance and the regulation of apoptosis in macrophages and their alterations might reflect closely the transport functions of ions or other charged substrates suggested for Nramp1 protein.
Age of first breeding, dispersal and survival of Red Kites Milvus milvus in Wales (1989)

Twenty‐nine Red Kites, that were tagged as nestlings in Wales, bred for the first time at 2–7 years old (mean 3–6). A minimum of 41% of tagged young had entered the breeding population by the 7th year. Individuals moved up to 22 km between birthplace and breeding place and, having bred, most stayed in the same locality from year to year. No differences in these various respects were found between the sexes, though two long movements by territorial birds both involved females. Annual survival of adult breeders was estimated at around 95%.
Telomere-Led Premeiotic Chromosome Movement in Fission Yeast (1994)

The movement of chromosomes that precedes meiosis was observed in living cells of fission yeast by fluorescence microscopy. Further analysis by in situ hybridization revealed that the telomeres remain clustered at the leading end of premeiotic chromosome movement, unlike mitotic chromosome movement in which the centromere leads. Once meiotic chromosome segregation starts, however, centromeres resume the leading position in chromosome movement, as they do in mitosis. Although the movement of the telomere first has not been observed before, the clustering of telomeres is reminiscent of the bouquet structure of meiotic-prophase chromosomes observed in higher eukaryotes, which suggests that telomeres perform specific functions required for premeiotic chromosomal events generally in eukaryotes.
Sarcoidosis: TNF- α Release from Alveolar Macrophages and Serum Level of sIL-2R Are Prognostic Markers (1997)

Abstract At the time of diagnosis, many sarcoidosis patients have no clinical indication for corticosteroid therapy, and prognostic parameters predicting deterioration are missing. In the present study, we investigated parameters derived from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and serum in 77 patients with recently diagnosed sarcoidosis to test their predictive value. Patients were divided into a group with (Group A, n = 37) and a group without (Group B, n = 40) indications for therapy, and the course of the disease was evaluated after 5.7 ± 0.4 mo. The CD4+/CD8+ lymphocyte ratio and percentage of BAL lymphocytes were of no predictive value. Release of tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ) from cultured alveolar macrophages (AM) was significantly increased in both groups (Group A = 1,872 ± 428 pg/ml; Group B = 1,561 ± 449 pg/ml) as compared with controls (220 ± 37 pg/ml). In Group B, however, patients with a high level of TNF- α release had a significantly greater risk of disease progression than did those with normal TNF- α release (43.8% versus 8.3%, respectively). From the serologic parameters investigated, consisting of neopterin, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), only the last was of significant predictive value; 42.1% of sarcoidosis patients in Group B with a high level of sIL-2R experienced disease progression, whereas none of those with a normal level did. We conclude that TNF- α release and sIL-2R are suitable parameters for predicting disease progression in sarcoid patients who have no indication for therapy at the time of disease diagnosis.
4 2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors on Dopaminergic Neurons Mediate Nicotine Reward and Anxiety Relief (2011)

Nicotine is the primary psychoactive substance in tobacco, and it exerts its effects by interaction with various subtypes of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the brain. One of the major subtypes expressed in brain, the α4β2-nAChR, endogenously modulates neuronal excitability and thereby, modifies certain normal as well as nicotine-induced behaviors. Although α4-containing nAChRs are widely expressed across the brain, a major focus has been on their roles within midbrain dopaminergic regions involved in drug addiction, mental illness, and movement control in humans. We developed a unique model system to examine the role of α4-nAChRs within dopaminergic neurons by a targeted genetic deletion of the α4 subunit from dopaminergic neurons in mice. The loss α4 mRNA and α4β2-nAChRs from dopaminergic neurons was confirmed, as well as selective loss of α4β2-nAChR function from dopaminergic but not GABAergic neurons. Two behaviors central to nicotine dependence, reward and anxiety relief, were examined. α4-nAChRs specifically on dopaminergic neurons were demonstrated to be necessary for nicotine reward as measured by nicotine place preference, but not for another drug of addiction, cocaine. α4-nAChRs are necessary for the anxiolytic effects of nicotine in the elevated plus maze, and elimination of α4β2-nAChRs specifically from dopaminergic neurons decreased sensitivity to the anxiolytic effects of nicotine. Deletion of α4-nAChRs specifically from dopaminergic neurons also increased sensitivity to nicotine-induced locomotor depression; however, nicotine-induced hypothermia was unaffected. This is the first work to develop a dopaminergic specific deletion of a nAChR subunit and examine resulting changes in nicotine-related behaviors.
NTP PICS PROFORMA - For the Network Time Protocol Version 3 (1994)

This RFC describes a PICS Proforma translated into an Internet acceptable form. The Original document was developed according to ISO 9646 for conformance test purposes. This document is intended for both developers and users of the NTP (Network Time Protocol). This document contains specific information and performance characteristics for the use of NTP within the context of Internet usage. It is suggested, that users wishing to use the synchronization capabilities of the Internet abide by the characteristics set within this document.
[The characteristics of the reproduction of time intervals and the individual structure of the EEG in man]. (1997)

The perception of time by humans was studied by the method of time reproduction. The EEG was recorded in Os, Od, Cs, Cd, Fs and Fd derivations. The relative EEG spectral power was determined in the delta-1, delta-2, theta, alpha, beta-1, and beta-2 ranges. All the subjects were divided in two groups: I--those who reproduced time-intervals with a delay, and II--those who were ahead in their reproduction. The spectral power of the delta-rhythm was significantly lower and that of the beta-rhythm higher in the subjects of the I than of the II group. In subjects of the II group total power of the beta range (beta-1 + beta-2) was significantly less than that in the delta-range (delta-1 + delta-2). This ratio was inverse in subjects of the I group. The described relationships were expressed both in the background EEG and during functional loads in all the studied derivations.
Cloning, genetic mapping, and expression analysis of a mouse renal sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter (1995)

Renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate is critical to the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis in mammals, and the brush-border membrane Na-P(i) cotransport systems in proximal tubules play a major role in this process. We have isolated a cDNA encoding a mouse sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein (Npt1), which is expressed primarily in the kidney. This protein is highly similar to its human and rabbit homologues, based on nucleotide and amino acid comparisons. The presence of potential Asn-linked glycosylation and protein kinase C phosphorylation sites that are conserved among all three homologues suggests that these sites may be important in the function and regulation of this protein. The Npt1 gene was mapped to mouse chromosome 13, close to the Tcrg locus. By both in situ hybridization and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Npt1 mRNA was localized predominantly to the proximal tubule.
Sign-sign LMS convergence with independent stochastic inputs (1990)

The sign-sign adaptive least-mean-square (LMS) identifier filter is a computationally efficient variant of the LMS identifier filter. It involves the introduction of signum functions in the traditional LMS update term. Consideration is given to global convergence of parameter estimates offered by this algorithm, to a ball with radius proportional to the algorithm step size for white input sequences, specially from Gaussian and uniform distributions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Molecular fluorescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence spectrometry (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular fluorescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence spectrometryLinda B. McGownLinda B. McGownMore by Linda B. McGown and Isiah M. WarnerIsiah M. WarnerMore by Isiah M. WarnerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 12, 255–267Publication Date (Print):June 15, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00211a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00211a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views264Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts