gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The CONSORT statement checklist in allergen‐specific immunotherapy: a GA<sup>2</sup>LEN paper (2009)

The methodology of randomized clinical trials is essential for the critical assessment and registration of therapeutic interventions. The CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) statement was developed to alleviate the problems arising from the inadequate reporting of randomized controlled trials. The present article reflects on the items that we believe should be included in the CONSORT checklist in the context of conducting and reporting trials in allergen-specific immunotherapy. Only randomized, blinded (in particular blinding of patients, health care providers, and outcome assessors), placebo-controlled Phase III studies in this article. Our analysis focuses on the definition of patients' inclusion and exclusion criteria, allergen standardization, primary, secondary and exploratory outcomes, reporting of adverse events and analysis.
Catheter‐Associated Bacteriuria: A Controlled Trial with the Bardex<sup>R</sup> Urinary Drainage System (1986)

In a randomized trial, the Bardex Urinary Drainage System was tested against a routine system consisting of a silicone-coated 16F Latex Foley catheter and exchangeable 1 500 ml collecting bags. The Bardex system consists of an all-silicone balloon catheter preconnected and sealed to the drainage tube with tape. The tube is united with a 2,000 ml collecting bag via a vented drip chamber. It has an extremely hydrophilic coating (BN-74) resembling the natural glycosaminoglycans lining the urothelium. This coating is intended to minimize urethral irritation and bacterial migration and also to cause slow release of water-soluble antiseptics applied to the surface. In the present study, isobetadine 10% was applied prior to the insertion and reapplied daily after pulling gently on the catheter. Forty female patients aged 31 to 85 years completed the study. In the Bardex group of patients, bacteriuria developed in none by the third day of catheterization and in 5% by the fourth day. In the Foley group, the bacteriuria rate was significantly higher, with 35% on the third day (p less than 0.01) and 45% on the fourth day (p less than 0.02). No difference between the two drainage systems was found concerning incontinence beside the catheter, urethral pain or burning, meatal reddishness or urethral discharge. No conclusion regarding the advantages or disadvantages of the BN-74 coating and the isobetadine application can be drawn from the present study.
Oversampling gain in adaptive normalised matched filter detector (2011)

In radar target detection, the adaptive normalised matched filter (ANMF) detector is often used to detect moving targets in sea and land clutter environment. Its performance depends on estimation of clutter covariance matrix. The sample covariance matrix (SCM) estimator has been thoroughly analysed for independent and identically distributed Gaussian clutter vectors. Many radar systems on service use range-oversampling receivers. Referred to the range-oversampling model in the weather and oceanic radars, the spatial correlation model of range-oversampled clutter vectors is established, the error of the SCM estimator is analysed, and the range-oversampling gain, relevant to the oversampling factor and the receiver's bandwidth, is derived. The experiments using raw radar clutter data are made to verify the range-oversampling gain, showing that the range oversampling improves the performance of the ANMF detector.
Potential applications of hyperthermal atomic oxygen for treatment of materials and structures (1995)

Abstract Many polymer‐based materials degrade in low earth orbit (LEO), mainly due to the damaging environmental effects of hyperthermal or fast atomic oxygen of energy E ∼ 5 eV and solar vacuum ultraviolet radiation. Fast atomic oxygen fluxes of similar energies are generated now in ground‐based facilities that are used for accelerated testing of materials. This paper presents a brief overview of the effects of interaction of fast atomic oxygen fluxes with polymer‐based materials in the LEO space environment and in ground‐based simulators, and discusses a few possible applications of fast atomic oxygen fluxes. Such applications can lead to considerable advantages over plasma treatment, aimed at improvement of adhesion‐related and optical properties of polymer‐based materials, high‐quality precise photoresist etching and passivative oxidation of advanced semiconductor materials, and modified or entirely new surface properties of biomaterials and chemical sensors.
Declarative peephole optimization using string pattern matching (1999)

Peephole optimisation as a last step of a compilation sequence capitalises on significant opportunities for removing low level code slackness left over by the code generation process. We have designed a peephole optimiser that operates using a declarative specification of the optimisations to be performed. The optimiser's implementation is based on string pattern matching using regular expressions. We used this approach to prototype an optimiser to convert target machine instruction sequences containing conditional execution of instructions inside loop bodies into code that adaptively executes the optimum branch instructions according to the program's branch behaviour.
Correlation between growth inhibition and intranuclear doxorubicin and 4'-deoxy-4'-iododoxorubicin quantitated in living K562 cells by microspectrofluorometry. (1989)

Intranuclear drug concentration in cells treated with doxorubicin (DXR) or with 4'-deoxy-4'-iododoxorubicin (IDX) was measured by means of a quantitative microspectrofluorometric technique recently developed by us. Resolution of free and bound drug contributions in fluorescence emission spectra, as collected from a microvolume of single living cell nuclei, provided concentration data with about 10% indetermination. Uptake of DXR and IDX into the nucleus of K562 cells and DXR-resistant K562/DXR cells could then be studied with a sensitive, nondestructive technique. Growth inhibitory concentrations of K562 and K562/DXR cells, when measured with respect to drug content in the medium, differed by a factor of 25 in the case of DXR and by a factor of three in the case of IDX. By contrast, intranuclear drug concentrations measured at corresponding growth inhibitory concentrations are found to be nearly constant, i.e., independent of cellular-resistant phenotype and of anthracycline structure. This result supports an identical mechanism of action for the two drugs, most probably targeted to the nucleus, and ascribes to intracellular transport the different potency of the two drugs in the two cell lines.
Prostatic steroid-binding protein. Isolation and characterization of C3 genes. (1983)

Prostatic steroid-binding protein, whose expression is stimulated by androgens, consists of two subunits, one containing the polypeptides C1 and C3 and the other containing the polypeptides C2 and C3. We have isolated and sequenced cDNA clones specific for C3 mRNA and used them to isolate and characterize genomic clones for two C3 genes. Both genes are 3.2 kilobases with identical exon/intron arrangements, which is similar to the organization of the C1 and C2 genes, suggesting that they may have arisen by duplications of an ancestral gene. Finally, homologous human genes have not been detected.
Incremental Optical Encoder Based on a Sinusoidal Transmissive Pattern (2021)

In this paper, a high-precision rotary encoder based on a sinusoidal transmissive pattern (STP) is proposed for detecting shaft rotation. The STP disk can be realized by coating bell-shaped transmissive area on a transparent glass. We optimize the STP design shape and parameters to achieve sinusoidal transmissive characteristics. The STP-based encoder consists of a light-emitting diode, a STP disk, and a photodetector array. Experimentally, the produced STP disk had a diameter of 60 mm. 256 columns of STPs were arranged on the circumference of this disk to provide a detection pitch of 1.40625°. Each column consisted of 50 bell-shaped STPs. In principle, an incident beam from a blue-ray light emitting diode illuminates the STP of the disk, and the angle of rotation is decoded from the sinusoidal distribution of transmissive spots on the PD. Compared with a conventional incremental rotary encoder, the proposed STP-based encoder achieves a superior angular resolution.
Comparison of bone levels after intramuscular administration of cephradine ('Velosef') or flucloxacillin/ampicillin in hip replacement. (1984)

Serum and bone levels of antibiotics were measured after the intramuscular injection of either 1 g cephradine or 500 mg flucloxacillin plus 500 mg ampicillin in 48 patients undergoing total hip replacement. The results showed that both regimens produced adequate blood levels, but that the levels after cephradine were higher and more prolonged. Bone levels of cephradine were significantly higher than for flucloxacillin or ampicillin. In half of the patients studied, flucloxacillin bone levels were below the limit of detection in both cancellous and cortical bone samples. In all 24 patients, cortical levels of cephradine were satisfactory for anti-staphylococcal activity although cancellous levels were unsatisfactory in 4 patients. The penetration of the antibiotics was greater into cortical bone than into cancellous bone.
Effect of loop delay on phase margin of first-order and second-order control loops (2005)

This paper analyzes the phase margin of first-order and second-order control loops in the presence of a loop delay and establishes rules of thumb on the maximum permissible delay for a given phase margin. Both discrete-time and continuous-time loops are considered. Results are applicable, for example, to adaptive filters and to first-order and second-order phase-locked loops.
Shoot the Moon (2000)

In 1991, the Japanese Hiten mission used a low energy transfer with a
ballistic capture at the Moon which required less ΔV than a standard
Hohmann transfer to the Moon. In this paper, we apply the same dynamical
systems techniques used to produce the “Petit Grand Tour” of Jovian moons
to reproduce a Hiten-like mission. We decouple the Sun-Earth-Moon-
Spacecraft 4-body problem into two 3-body problems. Using the invariant
manifold theory of the Lagrange points of the 3-body systems, we are able to
construct low energy transfer trajectories from the Earth and ballistic capture
trajectories at the Moon. The techniques used in the design and construction
of this trajectory may be applied in many situations.
Diastereo- and Enantioselective Hydrogenative Aldol Coupling of Vinyl Ketones:  Design of Effective Monodentate TADDOL-Like Phosphonite Ligands (2008)

We report the first enantioselective reductive aldol couplings of vinyl ketones, which were achieved through the design of a novel monodentate TADDOL-like phosphonite ligand. Specifically, hydrogenation of commercially available methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) or ethyl vinyl ketone (EVK) in the presence of aldehydes 1a-7a using cationic rhodium catalysts modified by chiral TADDOL-like phosphonite ligands AP-I and AP-IV produces aldol adducts 1b-7b and 1c-7c with excellent control of relative and absolute stereochemistry. The absolute stereochemical assignments of the aldol adducts are made in analogy to that determined for the 5-bromophthalimido derivative of aldol adduct 1b and the 2-bromo-5-nitrobenzoate of 3b, which were established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis using the anomalous dispersion method.
Error-in-variables likelihood functions for motion estimation (2004)

Over-determined linear systems with noise in all measurements are common in computer vision, and particularly in motion estimation. Maximum likelihood estimators have been proposed to solve such problems, but except for simple cases, the corresponding likelihood functions are extremely complex, and accurate confidence measures do not exist. This paper derives the form of simple likelihood functions for such linear systems in the general case of heteroscedastic noise. We also derive a new algorithm for computing maximum likelihood solutions based on a modified Newton method. The new algorithm is more accurate, and exhibits more reliable convergence behavior than existing methods. We present an application to affine motion estimation, a simple heteroscedastic estimation problem.
Effect of higher-level independent generator outages in composite-system adequacy evaluation (1987)

Adequacy evaluation of a composite power system normally only considers independent outages of elements such as generating units and transmission lines/transformers. The adequacy indices are calculated after examining a predetermined sequence of outage events. The computation time increases tremendously, if the number of outage events is large. It may be possible to avoid examining high-level contingencies in relatively small power-system networks. As the size of the system increases, testing of higher-level simultaneous independent outages, particularly those of generating units, becomes an important factor. The computation time increases tremendously as the system size increases because of both the number of outages that are to be examined and the time required to solve the network under each outage situation. It becomes important therefore to appreciate the effect of contingency level selection on the calculated adequacy indices. This paper illustrates the effect of including higher-level outages on the adequacy of three power systems, a small hypothetical 6-busbars test system, the standard IEEE Reliability Test System (RTS) and a model of the existing power-system network of the Saskatchewan Power Corporation in Canada.
Chemie der Metall-Koordinations-Verbindungen, II. (1964)

Technisches Nickelsulfid reagiert mit Diphenylacetylen, Phenylmethylacetylen und Butin-2 unter Bildung von neuartigen Komplexen, in denen die im freien Zustand monomer im allgemeinen nicht existenzfähigen Aryl-, Aralkyl- und Alkyl-α,β-dithiodiketone als Liganden vorliegen. Die gleichen Komplexe entstehen auch bei der Reaktion der Alkine mit Schwefel in Gegenwart von Nickelmetall, Ni (CO) 4 oder Ni(CO) 2 · 2 P (C 6 H 5 ) 3 . Bei diesen Reaktionen tritt vermutlich intermediär ein hochreaktionsfähiges Nickelpersulfid auf, das die Alkine nicht nur in Dithiodiketone zu überführen vermag, sondern sogar die C≡C-Bindung im Diphenylacetylen unter Bildung von Dithiobenzoat spaltet. Einige Eigenschaften und Reaktionen der Nickelkomplexe und die Darstellung analoger Verbindungen des Chroms, Molybdäns und Wolframs werden mitgeteilt. Die Elektronenstruktur und Absorptionsspektren der Nickelkomplexe werden im Rahmen der LCAO-MO-Theorie diskutiert.
A training package for zone III Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) (2014)

Background Non-compressible haemorrhage is the leading cause of preventable trauma death, with pelvic and groin haemorrhage associated with mortality rates approaching 50% [1,2]. Trauma systems expedite access to haemorrhage control, however, the majority of patients who die, exsanguinate before control can be achieved. REBOA is an innovative technique that provides the opportunity for meaningful improvements in the outcome of these patients. It involves the positioning of a balloon at the aortic bifurcation (Zone III) as a means of temporary in-flow control and afterload augmentation in patients with severe distal haemorrhage [3]. Our aim is to describe the training package developed to introduce zone III REBOA at a UK Major Trauma Centre.
THE EFFECTS OF PHENOXYBENZAMINE ON IMMEDIATE-EARLY GENE EXPRESSION AFTER HYPOTHERMIC CIRCULATORY ARREST (1998)

Introduction. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA) can cause significant neurologic complications in infants, including seizures, developmental delays, choreoathetosis, and diminished intelligence. Brain injury is multifactorial, but the pathophysiology is due to diminished substrate supply to neurons and the excessive release of excitatory amino acids within the brain. [1,2] Our institution routinely uses the long-acting alpha-blocker, phenoxybenzamine (PB), in all neonates and infants receiving blood primes. This study evaluated the effects of PB on postoperative metabolic acidosis and the expression of the ischemia/stress-associated immediate-early gene, c-fos, in neurons of neonatal lambs subjected to CPB and HCA. Methods. Neonatal lambs (4-6 kg) anesthetized with isoflurane were cannulated for CPB via the right atrium and ascending aorta. Group A (n=12) received saline vehicle and Group B (n=6) received PB, 1 mg/kg iv, prior to CPB. The animals were cooled to 16[degree sign]C and subjected to 90 or 120 mins of HCA. CPB was resumed, the animals were rewarmed to 38[degree sign]C, and weaned from CPB. Arterial blood gas samples were obtained before and after CPB. One hour after terminating CPB, the brains were perfusion-fixed, removed, and analyzed for Fos-related proteins using immunohistochemistry techniques. Neurons positive for intranuclear Fos were identified and quantitated within the subregions of the hippocampal formation, the area of the brain most vulnerable to ischemic injury after CPB and HCA. Results. All animals survived the CPB and HCA. Cooling times and mean blood pressure on bypass were the same in both groups. Pump flows on CPB were significantly higher (p < 0.01) at 20[degree sign]C in PB-treated animals averaging 200 ml/kg compared to 75 ml/kg in vehicle-treated animals. PB treated animals had significantly less (p < 0.05) metabolic acidosis than Group A animals 15 min after weaning from CPB: base excess -2.5 +/- 2 vs. -7.2 +/- 3, respectively. Fos related proteins were expressed in neurons throughout the hippocampal formation after 90 and 120 min of HCA in Group A. PB significantly reduced Fos protein expression in CA1 and CA3 neurons after 90 and 120 min HCA. Discussion. PB facilitated higher flows at the same mean blood pressure on CPB at all temperatures. PB-treated animals had significantly less metabolic acidosis following CPB and HCA and decreased expression of immediate-early genes associated with cellular stress. We speculate that PB increases blood flow in the cerebral microcirculation maintaining substrate supply more effectively during hypothermic CPB and enhances the restoration of cerebral blood flow after HCA.
THE VIRULENCE OF GROUP C HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI OF ANIMAL ORIGIN (1939)

A non-antigenic mucoid polysaccharide similar to that described by Kendall, Heidelberger, and Dawson was isolated from group C hemolytic streptococci. A simple method for its quantitative estimation is described. By means of this quantitative method, as well as by the direct isolation of the carbohydrates, the size and persistence of capsules in young cultures of various strains have been related to the non-antigenic mucoid polysaccharide. Similarly, invasiveness in different strains has been related to the mucoid polysaccharide. Data indicating the non-haptene nature of this material are presented. An autolytic process, accelerated by bile, is involved in the loss of capsular material from young streptococci.
Carbohydrate-containing cell wall polymers of some strains of the Bacillus subtilis group (2011)

A comparative study of the structures of carbohydrate-containing cell wall polymers isolated from the strains of the Bacillus subtilis group was performed by means of chemical and NMR spectroscopic meth ods. Polymers of different structure were revealed, namely, 1,3-poly(glycerol phosphates) with β-glucopyranose in Bacillus subtilis strains VKM B-520, VKM B-723, and VKM B-763 (= VKM B-911); 1,5-poly(ribitol phosphate) with α-glucopyranose in B. subtilis strains VKM B-722 and VKM B-922 (the structure is reported for the first time); and simultaneously two polymers in B. subtilis VKM B-761, 1,5-poly(ribitol phosphate) with β-glucopyranose and the disaccharide 1-phosphate polymer with the following repeating unit: -6)-α-D-Galp-(1-P-4)-gB-D-GlcpNAc-(1-, in which the hydroxyls at C3 and C6 of glucosamine residues are partially O-acetylated (the structure is reported for the first time). Heterogeneity of the B. subtilis group is con firmed by variations in the structure and composition of the cell wall polymers. The cell surface polymers are useful for discrimination of closely related bacilli strains and are cell wall marker components that may be an indispensable element of the Bacillus subtilis group taxonomy along with the genomosystematic methods.
Inverse Association of Soy Product Intake With Serum Androgen and Estrogen Concentrations in Japanese Men (2000)

The cross-sectional relationships of soy product intake and serum testosterone, estrone, estradiol, sex hormone-binding globulin, and dihydrotestosterone were examined in 69 Japanese men. Soy product intake was estimated from a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum estradiol concentration was significantly inversely correlated with soy product intake (r = -0.32, p = 0.009), and serum estrone concentration was nonsignificantly inversely correlated with soy product intake (r = -0.24, p = 0.05) after controlling for age, body mass index, smoking status, and ethanol intake. Total and free testosterone concentrations were inversely correlated with soy product intake after controlling for the covariates, but these correlations were of border line significance (r = -0.25, p = 0.05 and r = -0.25, p = 0.06, respectively). Similar correlations were observed for these hormones with isoflavone intake from soy products. The data suggest that soy product intake may be associated with the endogenous hormone levels in Japanese men.
Klasse- en sekse-specificiteit in de waardering van conformiteit en zelfbepaling. Enkele ervaringen met de schaal van Kohn (1983)

Parental preferences for conformity or self-direction in children are explored, using a scale developed by M. L. Kohn (Class and Conformity, Homewood: Dorsey Press, 1969) as modified by G. W. Meijen (Maatschappelijke achtergronden van intellectuele ontwikkeling, [Scientific Background of Intellectual Development], Groningen: Wolters-Noordhoof, 1977). Interviews with 32 pairs of parents revealed significant differences in the orientation of fathers & mothers, & in orientations toward M & F children. The expected r with SC was present. Data from 161 mothers & 117 fathers scored using a different procedure reveal the existence of two distinct dimensions in the scale, conformity & self-direction, which are only weakly correlated. Of these, only conformity correlates with indicators of SC or with a scale of sex-role conservatism. 5 Tables. Modified HA.
Radionuclide Demonstration of Relative Increased Blood Flow in Uniappendicular Secondary Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy (1978)

A rare case of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HO) limited to one lower extremity is described in a male with a history of familial polyposis coli and bilateral aortofemoral grafts. The precise etiology remains unknown. Radiography depicted the HO, but 99m Tc-methylene diphosphonate imaging showed more extensive involvement. An intra-aortic injection of 99m Tc-macroaggregates of albumin portrayed a larger blood flow to the involved limb compared to the contralateral extremity. The major part of this increase was in bone rather than in the adjacent soft tissue.
Nitazoxanide Kills Replicating and Nonreplicating <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> and Evades Resistance (2009)

We report here that nitazoxanide (NTZ) and its active metabolite kill replicating and nonreplicating M. tuberculosis at low microg/mL levels. NTZ appears to evade resistance, as we were unable to recover resistant colonies, using up to 10(12) colony forming units. Therefore, NTZ is a novel lead compound that kills replicating and nonreplicating M. tuberculosis by a novel mechanism of action, which appears to bypass the development of resistance.