gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: implementation of a fluid dynamic model for position determination of victims (2015)

Bloodstain Pattern Analysis is a forensic discipline in which, among others, the position of victims can be determined at crime scenes on which blood has been shed. To determine where the blood source was investigators use a straight-line approximation for the trajectory, ignoring effects of gravity and drag and thus overestimating the height of the source. We determined how accurately the location of the origin can be estimated when including gravity and drag into the trajectory reconstruction. We created eight bloodstain patterns at one meter distance from the wall. The origin's location was determined for each pattern with: the straight-line approximation, our method including gravity, and our method including both gravity and drag. The latter two methods require the volume and impact velocity of each bloodstain, which we are able to determine with a 3D scanner and advanced fluid dynamics, respectively. We conclude that by including gravity and drag in the trajectory calculation, the origin's location can be determined roughly four times more accurately than with the straight-line approximation. Our study enables investigators to determine if the victim was sitting or standing, or it might be possible to connect wounds on the body to specific patterns, which is important for crime scene reconstruction.
Laser-polarized {sup 129}Xe: A new direction for in vivo magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (1996)

While the recent demonstrations of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging using laser-polarized {sup 3}He are impressive, there is great interest in utilizing the technique for {sup 129}Xe. The high solubility of {sup 129}Xe in tissue (10-20mM) and the large chemical shift separation between gas and solution environments (200 ppm) make spectroscopic differentiation of gas phase and tissue compartments facile. To understand the physicological and magnetic behavior of {sup 129}Xe, for imaging, the authors have obtained MR spectra from the mouse thorax in vivo using laser-polarized {sup 129}Xe. These show many peaks and much detail: (1) Alveolar gas phase {sup 129}Xe shows intensity and frequency fluctuations correlated with breathing-induced variations in bulk magnetic susceptibility (BMS) of the lung. (2) {sup 129}Xe dissolved in the lung parenchyma also shows BMS correlated variation as well as very rapid T{sub 2} relaxation (< 20ms), attributable to BMS broadening and respiratory motion. (3) Blood and thoracic muscle components are easily distinguished by their different frequencies and intensity buildup rates. These show T{sub 2} times of 60 and 80 ms, respectively. (4) Effective T{sub 1} relaxation times, (including {sup 129}Xe washout) are long in all tissue environments, about 25-30 s. The authors will discuss these resultsmore » as well as advances toward systems capable of producing large quantities of laser-polarized {sup 129}Xe.« less
Efficacy of various disinfectants in killing a resistant strain of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa by comparing zones of inhibition: implications for endoscopic equipment reprocessing (1998)

The alcohol-containing disinfectants had the largest zones of inhibition against resistant P. aeruginosa. These compounds may be more effective than glutaraldehyde for endoscopic equipment reprocessing.
Total Synthesis of the <i>Escherichia coli</i> O111 <i>O</i>‐Specific Polysaccharide Repeating Unit (2013)

The first total synthesis of the O-antigen pentasaccharide repeating unit from Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli O111 was achieved starting from four monosaccharide building blocks. Key to the synthetic approach was a bis-glycosylation reaction to combine trisaccharide 10 and colitose 5. The colitose building block (5) was obtained de novo from non-carbohydrate precursors. The pentasaccharide was equipped at the reducing end with an amino spacer to provide a handle for subsequent conjugation to a carrier protein in anticipation of immunological studies.
Combination of dietary factors in relation to breast‐cancer occurrence (1991)

Combinations of dietary factors were studied in relation to breast-cancer occurrence among 133 breast cancer cases and 289 population controls in The Netherlands. Dietary factors were classified according to their possible mechanism of action, i.e., relating either to the intestinal microflora (total fat, fiber, fermented milk products) or to the anti-oxidant hypothesis (beta-carotene, selenium and polyunsaturated fatty acids). From 6 interactions evaluated, the combination of high fiber intake and high intake of fermented milk products was the only one suggesting synergistic protection (age-and-fat-adjusted OR for interaction = 0.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.21 - 1.13). In order to estimate the extent to which the above dietary factors together might be related to breast cancer, subjects with a supposedly favorable dietary pattern (low fat intake, high fiber intake, high intake of fermented milk products; high intake of beta-carotene and selenium, low intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids) were compared with subjects with an unfavorable dietary pattern. This resulted in an age-adjusted odds ratio of 0.40 (95% CI = 0.14 - 1.15), which was largely attributable to the combination of low intake of fat and high intake of fermented milk products and fiber (age-adjusted OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.15 - 0.73). The other factors did not appreciably affect the odds ratio. These analyses show in a quantitative way that a dietary pattern which combines low intake of fat and high intake of fiber and fermented milk products might provide substantial protection against breast cancer.
The Siderochromes of Non-fluorescent Pseudomonads: Production of Nocardamine by Pseudomonas stutzeri (1980)

When Pseudomonas stutzeri was grown in iron-deficient conditions it excreted a colourless compound which was identified as nocardamine, a trihydroxamate, which is produced in similar conditions by actinomycetes. The production of this compound (which is related to the ferric iron content of the culture medium), as well as its ability to form very stable Fe(III) complexes, suggest that it is a desferri-siderophore.
Novel symmetrical and mixed carbamoyl and aminopolysulfanes by reactions of (alkoxydichloromethyl)polysulfanyl substrates with N-methylaniline (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel symmetrical and mixed carbamoyl and aminopolysulfanes by reactions of (alkoxydichloromethyl)polysulfanyl substrates with N-methylanilineAlayne L. Schroll and George BaranyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 10, 1866–1881Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00360a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00360a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views962Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
An efficient and accurate algorithm for non‐linear inversion of geoeletric data following Occam's inversion scheme (2003)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2003An efficient and accurate algorithm for non‐linear inversion of geoeletric data following Occam's inversion schemeAuthors: V. P. DimriNimisha VedantiRavi P. SrivastavaV. P. DimriNational Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad 500 007 India, Nimisha VedantiNational Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad 500 007 India, and Ravi P. SrivastavaNational Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad 500 007 Indiahttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817963 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817963FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2003ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2003 Pages: 2452 publication data© 2003 Copyright © 2003 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 03 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION V. P. Dimri, Nimisha Vedanti, and Ravi P. Srivastava, (2003), "An efficient and accurate algorithm for non‐linear inversion of geoeletric data following Occam's inversion scheme," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 534-536. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817963 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Submerged Cultivation of Mycelium with High Ergothioneine Content from the Culinary-Medicinal Golden Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus citrinopileatus (Higher Basidiomycetes) (2015)

The optimization of submerged culture of the culinary-medicinal golden oyster mushroom, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, was studied using a one-factor-at-a-time, two-stage stimulation and central composite rotatable design to produce mycelia with high ergothioneine content. The optimal culture conditions for mycelia harvested at day 22 were a temperature of 25°C, an inoculation ratio of 5%, 2% glucose, 0.5% yeast extract, and adjustment of the initial pH value to 10. The biomass and ergothioneine content were 8.28 g/L and 10.65 mg/g dry weight (dw), respectively. The addition of an amino acid precursor increased the ergothioneine content of mycelia; cysteine was the most effective. In addition, the results obtained from central composite rotatable design showed that the recommended combination for cysteine, histidine, and methionine was 8, 4, and 0.5 mmol/L, respectively. The predicted ergothioneine content was 13.90 mg/g dw, whereas the experimental maximal ergothioneine content was 14.57 mg/g dw. With the addition of complex precursors and under optimal culture conditions, mycelia harvested at days 16-20 had higher ergothioneine content. Accordingly, the information obtained could be used to produce mycelia with high ergothioneine content.
5: Allergy and the skin: eczema and chronic urticaria (2006)

Eczema is common, occurring in 15%-20% of infants and young children. For some infants it can be a severe chronic illness with a major impact on the child's general health and on the family. A minority of children will continue to have eczema as adults. The exact cause of eczema is not clear, but precipitating or aggravating factors may include food allergens (most commonly, egg) or environmental allergens/irritants, climatic conditions, stress and genetic predisposition. Management of eczema consists of education; avoidance of triggers and allergens; liberal use of emollients or topical steroids to control inflammation; use of antihistamines to reduce itch; and treatment of infection if present. Treatment with systemic agents may be required in severe cases, but must be supervised by an immunologist. Urticaria ("hives") may affect up to a quarter of people at some time in their lives. Acute urticaria is more common in children, while chronic urticaria is more common in adults. Chronic urticaria is not life-threatening, but the associated pruritus and unsightly weals can cause patients much distress and significantly affect their daily lives. Angioedema coexists with urticaria in about 50% of patients. It typically affects the lips, eyelids, palms, soles and genitalia. Management of urticaria is through education; avoidance of triggers and allergens (where relevant); use of antihistamines to reduce itch; and short-term use of corticosteroids when antihistamine therapy is ineffective. Referral is indicated for patients with resistant disease.
Synthetic antibacterials. 4. Nitrofurylvinylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic antibacterials. 4. Nitrofurylvinylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivativesSadao Nishigaki, Kazuko Ogiwara, Shinobu Fukazawa, Misuzu Ichiba, Noriko Mizushima, and Fumio YonedaCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1972, 15, 7, 731–734Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00277a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00277a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
CD8+ T-Cell Responses to Trypanosoma cruzi Are Highly Focused on Strain-Variant trans-Sialidase Epitopes (2006)

CD8+ T cells are crucial for control of a number of medically important protozoan parasites, including Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of human Chagas disease. Yet, in contrast to the wealth of information from viral and bacterial infections, little is known about the antigen specificity or the general development of effector and memory T-cell responses in hosts infected with protozoans. In this study we report on a wide-scale screen for the dominant parasite peptides recognized by CD8+ T cells in T. cruzi-infected mice and humans. This analysis demonstrates that in both hosts the CD8+ T-cell response is highly focused on epitopes encoded by members of the large trans-sialidase family of genes. Responses to a restricted set of immunodominant peptides were especially pronounced in T. cruzi-infected mice, with more than 30% of the CD8+ T-cell response at the peak of infection specific for two major groups of trans-sialidase peptides. Experimental models also demonstrated that the dominance patterns vary depending on the infective strain of T. cruzi, suggesting that immune evasion may be occurring at a population rather than single-parasite level.
Dipole-stabilized carbanions. Direct lithiation of the methyl group of a methyl ester (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDipole-stabilized carbanions. Direct lithiation of the methyl group of a methyl esterPeter Beak and B. Gary McKinnieCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 15, 5213Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00457a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00457a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views385Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Balloon Replacement of Fetal Membranes to Facilitate Emergency Cervical Cerclage (2001)

In Brief BACKGROUND Emergency cerclage can be used in cases of cervical incompetence, even when fetal membranes bulge through the dilated cervix. To facilitate the procedure we used a balloon device to replace the fetal membranes. TECHNIQUE With the patient in a steep Trendelenburg position, after epidural anesthesia, the fetal membranes were replaced into the uterine cavity with an inflated balloon of the type used for endoscopic preperitoneal dissection. Cervical cerclage was done by the McDonald technique. EXPERIENCE We have done 25 emergency cerclages with this technique. The following maternal and perinatal outcomes were assessed retrospectively: age, medical history, gestational age at inclusion and delivery, cervical dilatation at admission, preterm rupture of membranes, clinical or histologic chorioamnionitis, birth weight, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, neonatal death, and postnatal course. CONCLUSION Replacing prolapsed fetal membranes with an inflated balloon is a convenient technique that allows gestation to be prolonged for an average of 31 days. Cerclage was feasible when the cervix was widely dilated (more than 4 cm); it was associated with prolongation of gestation by a median of 9 days. A balloon designed for endoscopic preperitoneal dissection allowed replacement of fetal membranes in cases of cervical incompetence, facilitating placement of a purse-string suture.
A Self-Tuning Iterative Calculation Approach for the Forward Kinematics of a Stewart-Gough Platform (2006)

In order to solve the forward kinematics problem of a Stewart-Gough platform, we propose a self-tuning iterative calculation approach based on the inverse kinematics of the Stewart-Gough platform and the self-tuning method. The novelty of this approach is the use of two weighting factors, which are constructed via an exponential attenuation function by using the self-tuning method. With the employment of these two weighting factors, the number of iterative calculations is significantly reduced, and the efficiency of the proposed approach is thus substantially improved. Moreover, for convenience of implementation, the relationship between the values of the weighting factors and the number of iterative calculations is analyzed, and the values of the weighting factors are determined. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach can significantly improve calculation efficiency and reduce the time required for calculations compared with conventionally used iterative approaches
Shape-Dependent Thermal Switching Behavior of Superparamagnetic Nanoislands (2004)

The thermal switching behavior of individual perpendicularly magnetized nanoscale Fe islands consisting of 200-600 atoms only is studied by low-temperature spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. Our results reveal that the switching rate is strongly affected by the particle shape; i.e., elongated islands switch much more rapidly than compact islands of the same volume. This observation is explained by different processes of magnetization reversal. Our results suggest that compact magnetic particles are an ideal choice for future perpendicular magnetic recording media because they are robust against thermal magnetization reversal.
Photophysical and Redox Properties of Dinuclear Ru(II) Complexes Prepared from the Photosensitizing Unit [Ru(bpy)<sub>2</sub>(dppz-NH<sub>2</sub>)]<sup>2+</sup>(dppz-NH<sub>2</sub>: 7-amino-dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c] phenazine) (2014)

H-NMR spectra.As the synthetic strategy, within the complex, the Ru(II)polyimine center had the excell ent excited state functionalitysuitable for the photosensitizing unit. While, 7-amino-dppzhad a rigid and extended  conjugation system suitable forthe relay unit in the photoinduced energy/electron transfersystem.Absorption spectra of the complexes (1.00 × 10
Transparent amorphous silicon channel waveguides and high-Q resonators using a damascene process (2009)

We demonstrate a damascene process for fabricating amorphous silicon (a-Si), single-mode optical channel waveguides and high-Q racetrack resonators. This process is compatible with thermal budget limitations for a-Si phase stability. It offers improved optical transmission and facilitates hydrogen encapsulation for process integration of a-Si waveguide cores. At 1,550 nm, the average measured transmission loss coefficient is 2.5+/-0.1 dB/cm for the TE mode, comparable with high-quality single crystalline silicon counterparts. The racetrack resonators have mid-10(4) to 10(5) quality factors (Q) and extinction ratios as high as 25 dB.
Temperature dependence of stereospecificity in the radical polymerization of di-n-butyl itaconate in bulk (2000)

The stereospecificity in the radical polymerization of di-n-butyl itaconate was examined with varying polymerization temperatures in bulk. In this communication, we describe the preliminary results concerning the large temperature dependence of the stereospecificity in itaconate polymerization.
1D NMR methods for determination of degree of cross-linking and BDDE substitution positions in HA hydrogels (2016)

Hyaluronic acid polymers cross-linked with BDDE are today among the most used hydrogels for biomedical applications. The physical properties of the hydrogels depend, among other parameters, on the degree of cross-linking of HA. Another parameter likely to affect the physical properties is the substitution position of the linker on the HA functional groups. A NMR-based method for the determination of these parameters in hyaluronic acid hydrogels is presented. The method is based on the degradation of HA cross linked hydrogels by chondroitinase ABC followed by one-dimensional <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR analysis. The necessary structural information to obtain both the degree of cross-linking and the substitution positions can be obtained from the same NMR sample and no chromatographic separation step is required prior to NMR analysis.
An Optimal Scheduling Model for a Hybrid Energy Microgrid Considering Building Based Virtual Energy Storage System (2016)

An optimal scheduling model for a hybrid energy microgrid considering the building based virtual energy storage system (VSS) is developed in this paper. The VSS model is developed by utilizing the building thermal equilibrium equation taking the heat storage characteristics of building into consideration. Firstly, mathematical models of various energy systems and VSS in the hybrid energy microgrid are developed. Then, an optimal scheduling model is developed to minimize the operation costs of the microgrid. Numerical studies demonstrate that the proposed optimal scheduling model can provide the microgrid with an effective and economical scheduling scheme and reduce the operation costs.