gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy sets, fuzzy logic, and fuzzy systems : selected papers (1996)

This book consists of selected papers written by the founder of fuzzy set theory, Lotfi A Zadeh. Since Zadeh is not only the founder of this field, but has also been the principal contributor to its development over the last 30 years, the papers contain virtually all the major ideas in fuzzy set theory, fuzzy logic, and fuzzy systems in their historical context. Many of the ideas presented in the papers are still open to further development. The book is thus an important resource for anyone interested in the areas of fuzzy set theory, fuzzy logic, and fuzzy systems, as well as their applications. Moreover, the book is also intended to play a useful role in higher education, as a rich source of supplementary reading in relevant courses and seminars.The book contains a bibliography of all papers published by Zadeh in the period 1949-1995. It also contains an introduction that traces the development of Zadeh's ideas pertaining to fuzzy sets, fuzzy logic, and fuzzy systems via his papers. The ideas range from his 1965 seminal idea of the concept of a fuzzy set to ideas reflecting his current interest in computing with words — a computing in which linguistic expressions are used in place of numbers.Places in the papers, where each idea is presented can easily be found by the reader via the Subject Index.
New Watermarking Technique for Relational Databases (2009)

The need for watermarking database relations to deter their piracy, identify the unique characteristics of relational data which pose new challenges for watermarking, and provide desirable properties of a watermarking system for relational data. Proving ownership rights on outsourced relational databases is a crucial issue in today's Internet-based application environments and in many content distribution applications. In this paper, new mechanism is proposed for proof of ownership based on the secure embedding of a robust imperceptible watermark in relational data. The steps of the proposed mechanism of watermarking relational database mainly involve decoding and encoding on numerical attribute of relational database. The first phase is to partition the original data and assign partition number to each and every tuple of the relation using cryptographic hashing function (MD5). In the second phase, while changing the data, select the desired watermark and bit bi is selected from the partitioned data and then that bit bi is changed using watermark W. When the original value of data gets changed due to the watermark bit, it always checks the data usability constraints. In the third phase, after inserting the watermark in the partition, merge all partitions and get the complete watermarked data. While decoding, use majority voting algorithm to get the correct watermark. Detecting the watermark neither requires access to the original data nor the watermark. The watermark can be detected even in a small subset of a watermarked relation as long as the sample contains some of the marks. Our technique also handles the attack on database like tuple deletion, alteration and insertion.
Dynamic light scattering distributions by any means (2021)

Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is an essential technique for nanoparticle size analysis and has been employed extensively for decades, but despite its long history and popularity, the choice of weighting and mean of the size distribution often appears to be picked ad-hoc to bring the results into agreement with other methods and expectations <i>by any means necessary</i>. Here, we critically discuss the application of DLS for nanoparticle characterization and provide much-needed clarification for ambiguities in the mean-value practice of commercial DLS software and documentary standards. We address the misleading way DLS size distributions are often presented, that is, as a logarithmically-scaled histogram of measured relative quantities. Central values obtained incautiously from this representation often lead to significant interpretation errors. Through the measurement of monomodal nanoparticle samples having an extensive range of sizes (5 nm to 250 nm) and polydispersity, we similarly demonstrate that the default outputs of a frequently-used DLS inversion method are ill chosen, as they are regularizer-dependent and significantly deviate from the cumulant z-average size. The resulting discrepancies are typically larger than 15 % depending on the polydispersity index of the samples. We explicitly identify and validate the harmonic mean as the central value of the intensity-weighted DLS size distribution that expresses the inversion results consistently with the cumulant results. We also investigate the extent to which the DLS polydispersity descriptors are representative of the distributional quality and find them to be unreliable and misleading, both for monodisperse reference materials and broad-distribution biomedical nanoparticles. These results overall are intended to bring essential improvements and to stimulate reexamination of the metrological capabilities and role of DLS in nanoparticle characterization.
Miniaturized high frequency fundamental MCF for IF filters in mobile radio systems (2002)

This paper describes a miniaturized high frequency fundamental monolithic crystal filter (HFF-MCF), which is suitable for the intermediate frequency (IF) filter in the mobile phones. Miniaturization of this HFF-MCF has been achieved with a face-down bonding technique. HFF-MCF chips are housed in a ceramic package with a cantilevered beam structure using a silicone-based conductive paste. Miniaturized HFF-MCFs of 71 MHz to 110 MHz are housed in ceramic packages with external dimensions of 3.8 mm/spl times/3.8 mm/spl times/0.9 mm. Results of frequency responses, thermal characteristics and reliability tests for the face-down HFF-MCFs are shown in this paper. For higher frequency applications, a 265 MHz HFF-MCF is also presented, which is housed in a package of 3.0 mm/spl times/3.0 mm/spl times/0.8 mm.
Toward self-policing: Detecting drunk driving behaviors through sampling CAN bus data (2017)

In this paper, we propose a method to detect drunk driving patterns using only basic car sensors, available through off the shelf OBD-II dongles. The sensor data include standard OnBoard Diagnostic sensor information along with an accelerometer sensor and GPS coordinates which are provided by the dongle. We collect the information through drive tests of normal driving behavior and controlled drunk driving behavior. The controlled driving emulation reflects the most common cues relating to drunk driving. After datasets are collected, a window-based approached was used for data smoothing and feature extraction. Finally, our approach makes use of a machine learning algorithm (Logistic Regression) for classification to achieve an accuracy of 82%.
New reaction. Stereospecific vicinal oxyamination of olefins by alkyl imido osmium compounds (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew reaction. Stereospecific vicinal oxyamination of olefins by alkyl imido osmium compoundsK. Barry Sharpless, Donald W. Patrick, Larry K. Truesdale, and Scott A. BillerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 8, 2305–2307Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00841a071https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00841a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1449Altmetric-Citations99LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Increased glutathione peroxidase activity in a human sarcoma cell line with inherent doxorubicin resistance. (1991)

Several mechanisms of drug resistance have been defined using cell lines selected for resistance in vitro. However, the relevance of these to tumor cell resistance in vivo remains unclear. We established tumor cell lines from biopsies of human sarcomas before and after doxorubicin therapy. One pretreatment sarcoma line, STSAR90, was 6-fold less sensitive to doxorubicin than was a normal fibroblast line, AG1522. The sensitivities of six other sarcoma lines were similar to that of AG1522. STSAR90 cells did not overexpress P-glycoprotein mRNA, by Northern analysis with the pCHP1 complementary DNA fragment. Photoaffinity labeling with the vinblastine analogue N-(p-azido-3-125I-salicyl)-N'-beta-aminoethylvindesine did not show increased P-glycoprotein concentrations. Accumulation of [3H]daunomycin was not decreased in STSAR90 compared with a less resistant sarcoma line, STSAR11, nor was the doxorubicin sensitivity of STSAR90 increased by coincubation with verapamil. Glutathione levels were twice as high in STSAR90 as in STSAR11, and glutathione peroxidase activity was 3.5- to 6-fold higher. This was due mostly to an increase in selenium-dependent peroxidase activity. After exposure to doxorubicin, STSAR90 cells formed only half as much measurable hydroxyl radical as STSAR11, as detected by electron spin resonance spectrometry. Doxorubicin sensitivity was increased in STSAR90 cells when intracellular glutathione levels were reduced by buthionine sulfoximine. These results indicate that multidrug resistance due to P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux is not the only mechanism of doxorubicin resistance that occurs in sarcomas and that glutathione peroxidase-dependent detoxification of doxorubicin-induced oxygen radicals may contribute to clinical doxorubicin resistance.
Broadband relaxation-optimized polarization transfer in magnetic resonance (2004)

Many applications of magnetic resonance are limited by rapid loss of spin coherence caused by large transverse relaxation rates. In NMR of large proteins, increased relaxation losses lead to poor sensitivity of experiments and increased measurement time. In this article, we develop broadband relaxation-optimized pulse sequences that approach fundamental limits of coherence transfer efficiency in the presence of very general relaxation mechanisms that include cross-correlated relaxation. These broadband transfer schemes use techniques of chemical shift refocusing (specific trajectory adapted refocusing echoes) that are tailored to specific trajectories of coupled spin evolution. We present simulations and experimental data indicating significant enhancement in the sensitivity of multidimensional NMR experiments of large molecules through these methods.
Current status of radiation in the treatment of breast cancer. (2001)

Radiation therapy in combination with lumpectomy and axillary dissection has remained standard therapy for early-stage disease since the 1970s. Although there has been no definitive trial in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ, the data suggest that excision plus radiation therapy is a viable option. The local management of early-stage breast cancer includes modified radical mastectomy, with or without reconstruction, or breast-conserving therapy. Six prospective randomized trials compared mastectomy with breast-conserving therapy, and all have shown equivalent survival. Despite efforts to identify subgroups of patients with invasive disease who do not require breast irradiation, based on current data, this modality remains standard treatment after conservative surgery in all patients. Ongoing multicenter studies may clarify the role of brachytherapy, which may provide advantages in some patients after breast-conserving therapy. Axillary radiation is a viable option for patients who fail to undergo sampling of the axilla and may be a future option for patients who have a positive sentinel node but no further dissection. The ability of postmastectomy radiation to affect survival has long been controversial.
Micro-Burst in Data Centers: Observations, Analysis, and Mitigations (2018)

Micro-burst traffic is not uncommon in data centers. It can cause packet dropping, which results in serious performance degradation (e.g., Incast problem). However, current solutions that attempt to suppress micro-burst traffic are extrinsic and ad hoc, since they lack the comprehensive and essential understanding of micro-burst's root cause and dynamic behavior. On the other hand, traditional studies focus on traffic burstiness in a single flow, while in data centers micro-burst traffic could occur with highly fan-in communication pattern, and its dynamic behavior is still unclear. To this end, in this paper, we re-examine the microburst traffic in typical data center scenarios. We find that evolution of micro-burst is determined by both TCP's self-clocking mechanism and bottleneck link. Besides, dynamic behaviors of micro-burst under various scenarios can all be described by the slope of queue length evolution. Our observations also implicate that conventional solutions like absorbing and pacing are ineffective to mitigate micro-burst traffic. Instead, senders need to slow down as soon as possible. Inspired by the findings and insights from experimental observations, we propose S-ECN policy, which is an ECN marking policy leveraging the slope of queue length evolution. Transport protocols utilizing S-ECN policy can suppress the sharp queue length increment by over 2×, and reduce the average query completion time by ~12-27%.
The Drugstore Li-Ion Cell (2005)

Lithium-ion batteries store the greatest energy per volume or per mass of any rechargeable battery technology compatible with portable electronics. They have excellent performance and storage characteristics, long charge-discharge cycle life, no memory effect, and are available at low lost. As such, they have become the power source of choice for portable electronic devices like laptop computers, cell phones, digital cameras, etc.
Effects of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, α-adducin, and other candidate gene polymorphisms on blood pressure response to hydrochlorothiazide (2003)

Although we reject the null hypothesis of no genetic effects on BP response to hydrochlorothiazide, the influence of variation at single sites is likely to be small. More extensive characterization of genetic variation is required for pharmacogenetic approaches to become clinically useful in tailoring antihypertensive drug therapy for individual patients.
An assessment of conflict dynamics and options for supporting the peace process (2005)

On August 15th, the Government of Indonesia (GoI) and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) signed a peace accord in Helsinki aimed at ending a thirty year old armed conflict which has resulted in almost 15,000 deaths. Changes in the political environment - and in the demands of both sides - has allowed for the development of an agreement that many see as being the best hope for peace in Aceh for years. Lessons from the failed Cessation of Hostilities Agreement (COHA) of 2002-2003 have been learned. The current agreement appears to represent a more comprehensive strategy for bringing peace to Aceh, with many of the social, political and economic factors that have kept Aceh in a state of perpetual war since the failure of the last agreement, considered, if not fully addressed. The improvement in security that the peace process, if successful, will bring, provides new opportunities for reaching some of the poorest people in Aceh. The Helsinki agreement represents the best chance for peace Aceh has had for years. The World Bank, and others, should devote resources (human and financial) to helping to make sure that it succeeds.
Structure of the protein core of the glypican Dally-like and localization of a region important for hedgehog signaling (2011)

Glypicans are heparan sulfate proteoglycans that modulate the signaling of multiple growth factors active during animal development, and loss of glypican function is associated with widespread developmental abnormalities. Glypicans consist of a conserved, approximately 45-kDa N-terminal protein core region followed by a stalk region that is tethered to the cell membrane by a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchor. The stalk regions are predicted to be random coil but contain a variable number of attachment sites for heparan sulfate chains. Both the N-terminal protein core and the heparan sulfate attachments are important for glypican function. We report here the 2.4-Å crystal structure of the N-terminal protein core region of the Drosophila glypican Dally-like (Dlp). This structure reveals an elongated, α-helical fold for glypican core regions that does not appear homologous to any known structure. The Dlp core protein is required for normal responsiveness to Hedgehog (Hh) signals, and we identify a localized region on the Dlp surface important for mediating its function in Hh signaling. Purified Dlp protein core does not, however, interact appreciably with either Hh or an Hh:Ihog complex.
Rearrangement of 3,3-Disubstituted Indolenines and Synthesis of 2,3-Substituted Indoles (2006)

Synthesis of 2,3-substituted indoles from phenylhydrazine and alpha-branched aldehydes via rearrangement of 3,3-disubstituted indolenine intermediates is reported. [reaction: see text]
Distribution and activation of eosinophils in inflammatory bowel disease using an improved immunohistochemical technique (2001)

Eosinophils are a recognized feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but their tissue distribution and functional importance in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) remain obscure. This study describes an improved immunohistochemical protocol to identify eosinophils in full thickness bowel wall specimens of IBD (n=40) and their in situ relationships with the chemoattractants eotaxin and RANTES. Eosinophils were identified using immunohistochemistry with a combination of monoclonal antibodies (EG1+EG2+MBP), an ultrasensitive technique superior to other methodologies, and their tissue distributions were related to those for eotaxin, RANTES, mast cells and neutrophils. Increased numbers of eosinophils (up to 400 cells/mm(2)) were observed in active, fulminant inflammation in both CD and UC, this being related to the severity of inflammation and not the diagnosis of the two disorders. The chemoattractants eotaxin (CCL11) and RANTES (CCL5) were upregulated in IBD tissues showing eosinophilia. Neutrophils and mast cells were commonly associated with eosinophil accumulations. Eosinophil numbers and their in situ activation are increased in active rather than chronic IBD. The observations strongly suggest a pivotal role for the eosinophil and its potent mediators in many pathophysiological symptoms of CD and UC, where it represents the major proportion of all granulocytic cells in active inflammatory bowel disease.
C-erb-B2 gene amplification and serum level of c-erb-B2 oncoprotein at primary breast cancer diagnosis. (1995)

We studied c-erb-B2 gene amplification of DNA of primary breast tumours without distant metastasis from 236 women admitted to our institute during 1992. For 125 of them, we had a serum sample at diagnosis, before any treatment. C-erb-B2 gene amplification (> or = 2 copies) was observed in 26% (62/236) of the cases. There was a correlation with higher histological grades (p < 0.03) and with absence of hormone receptors: ER-(p < 0.0001). PgR-(p < 0.0001), association ER- and PgR-(p < 0.0000). Large tumours T3 and T4 taken together tended to present more c-erb B2 gene amplifications (p < 0.08). There was no correlation with age, histological type or nodal status. At diagnosis, mean concentration of serum c-erb-B2 oncoprotein was 8.5 +/- 18 U/ml with a median of 4 U/ml (4-150). Choosing a cut-off value of 8 U/ml gave a sensitivity of 21% (26/125). Serum levels of c-erb-B2 oncoprotein were correlated with tumour spread: large tumours T3-T4 (p < 0.001), nodal involvement (N+) (p < 0.01), association T3-T4 and N+(p < 0.0005), high levels of CA 15:3 (normal value < 25 IU/ml) (p < 0.05). There was no other correlation, particularly with age, histological type, hormone receptors or c-erb-B2 gene amplification. c-erb-B2 oncoprotein serum levels could be helpful to detect recurrences. Assessment of c-erb-B2 oncoprotein serum concentration, before treatment, as an independent prognostic factor is necessary.
A Highly Selective Colorimetric Aqueous Sensor for Mercury (2008)

A new colorimetric mercury sensor is reported based on binding to terpyridine derivatives. It is able to selectively detect Hg II ions over a number of environmentally relevant ions including Ca II, Pb II, Zn II, Cd II, Ni II, Cu II, and others. The response time upon exposure to Hg II is instantaneous. By the "naked eye," the detection limit of Hg II is 2 ppm (25 microM) in solution. With a spectrometer, this detection limit is increased down to 2 ppb (25 nM), which is the current EPA standard for drinking water. The significant problem of mercury poisoning requires new methods of detection that are sensitive and selective. Here we report a new simple system that takes advantage of the unique optical properties generated by terpyiridine-Hg complexes.
False Assignment of Familial Antithrombin III Deficiency with the von Kaulla Assay (1983)

As a serum assay, the von Kaulla assay for antithrombin III has been criticized on the grounds that consumption of antithrombin III during in vitro blood clotting may lead to falsely low assay values. Use of the assay to screen a Utah pedigree for familial antithrombin III deficiency lends support to this criticism. In all, the assay was performed on 150 persons. Low values on the assay were corroborated by performing an alternative coagulation assay, an amidolytic assay, and an immunoassay. While all persons with historic evidence for a diagnosis of familial antithrombin III deficiency had low assay values, eight of 23 persons with low values had normal values on the other assays.
An integrative approach to investigate the respective roles of single-nucleotide variants and copy-number variants in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (2016)

Many studies have attempted to investigate the genetic susceptibility of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but without much success. The present study aimed to analyze both single-nucleotide and copy-number variants contributing to the genetic architecture of ADHD. We generated exome data from 30 Brazilian trios with sporadic ADHD. We also analyzed a Brazilian sample of 503 children/adolescent controls from a High Risk Cohort Study for the Development of Childhood Psychiatric Disorders, and also previously published results of five CNV studies and one GWAS meta-analysis of ADHD involving children/adolescents. The results from the Brazilian trios showed that cases with de novo SNVs tend not to have de novo CNVs and vice-versa. Although the sample size is small, we could also see that various comorbidities are more frequent in cases with only inherited variants. Moreover, using only genes expressed in brain, we constructed two "in silico" protein-protein interaction networks, one with genes from any analysis, and other with genes with hits in two analyses. Topological and functional analyses of genes in this network uncovered genes related to synapse, cell adhesion, glutamatergic and serotoninergic pathways, both confirming findings of previous studies and capturing new genes and genetic variants in these pathways.