gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of High-Power SiC MOSFET Modules in Comparison to Si IGBT Modules (2018)

The higher voltage blocking capability and faster switching speed of silicon-carbide (SiC) mosfets have the potential to replace Si insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) in medium-/low-voltage and high-power applications. In this paper, a state-of-the-art commercially available 325 A, 1700 V SiC mosfet module has been fully characterized under various load currents, bus voltages, and gate resistors to reveal their switching capability. Meanwhile, Si IGBT modules with similar power ratings are also tested under the same conditions. From the test results, several interesting points have been obtained: different to the Si IGBT module, the over-shoot current of the SiC mosfet module increases linearly with the increase of the load current and it has been explained by a model of the over-shoot current proposed in this paper; the induced negative gate voltage due to the complementary device turn-off (crosstalk effect) is more harmful to the SiC mosfet module than the induced positive gate voltage during turn-on when the gate off-voltage is -6 V; the maximum dv/dt and di/dt (electromagnetic interference) during switching transients of the SiC mosfet module are close to those of the Si IGBT module when the gate resistance is larger than 8 Ω but the switching loss of the SiC mosfet module is much smaller; the switching losses of the Si IGBT module are greater than those of the SiC mosfet module even when the gate resistance of the former is reduced to zero. An accurate power loss model, which is suitable for a three-phase two-level converter based on SiC mosfet modules considering the power loss of the parasitic capacitance, has been presented and verified in this paper. From the model, a 96.2% efficiency can be achieved at the switching frequency of 80 kHz and the power of 100 kW.
Excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists block the cardiovascular and anxiety responses elicited by gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor blockade in the basolateral amygdala of rats. (1997)

Blockade of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptors in the anterior basolateral amygdala (BLA) with bicuculline methiodide results in an increase in heart rate, blood pressure and "anxiety" in rats. Glutamate receptors in the BLA are also reported to be involved in eliciting anxiety responses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction between GABAergic inhibition and glutamatergic excitation in the BLA. Male Wistar rts were implanted with femoral arterial catheters and bilateral chronic microinjection cannulae into the BLA. Each animal was injected with either artificial cerebrospinal fluid (100 nl), bicuculline methiodide (10 pmol/100 nl) or bicuculline methiodide + one dose of an antagonist of either the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor [AP5 (20 and 100 pmol) and dizocilpine (25 and 125 pmol)] or the non-N-methyl-D-aspartate ionotropic receptor [CNQX (10 and 50 pmol) and GYKI 52466 (50 and 250 pmol)]. Increases in heart rate, blood pressure and "anxiety" (as measured in the social interaction test) observed in rats after bicuculline methiodide injections into the BLA were blocked in a dose dependent manner with the concurrent injections of either N-methyl-D-aspartate or non-N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists, suggesting that activation of both subtypes of glutamate ionotropic receptors may be necessary for the responses elicited by GABAA receptor blockade in the basolateral amygdala.
An Engineered R-Type Pyocin Is a Highly Specific and Sensitive Bactericidal Agent for the Food-Borne Pathogen <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 (2009)

Some strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa produce R-type pyocins, which are high-molecular-weight phage tail-like protein complexes that have bactericidal activity against other Pseudomonas strains. These particles recognize and bind to bacterial surface structures via tail fibers, their primary spectrum determinant. R-type pyocins kill the cell by contracting a sheath-like structure and inserting their hollow core through the cell envelope, resulting in dissipation of the cellular membrane potential. We have retargeted an R-type pyocin to Escherichia coli O157:H7 by fusing a tail spike protein from an O157-specific phage, phiV10, to the pyocin tail fiber. The phiV10 tail spike protein recognizes and degrades the O157 lipopolysaccharide. This engineered pyocin, termed AVR2-V10, is sensitive and specific, killing 100% of diverse E. coli O157:H7 isolates but no other serotypes tested. AVR2-V10 can kill E. coli O157:H7 on beef surfaces, making it a candidate agent for the elimination of this pathogen from food products. All rare AVR2-V10-resistant mutants isolated and examined have lost the ability to produce the O157 antigen and are expected to have compromised virulence. In addition, E. coli O157:H7 exposed to and killed by AVR2-V10 do not release Shiga toxin, as is often the case with many antibiotics, suggesting potential therapeutic applications. The demonstration that a novel R-type pyocin can be created in the laboratory by fusing a catalytic tail spike from the family Podoviridae to a tail fiber of a member of the family Myoviridae is evidence that the plasticity observed among bacteriophage tail genes can, with modern molecular techniques, be exploited to produce nonnatural, targeted antimicrobial agents.
Intelligent Adaptive Services for On-demand Systems Integration (2007)

The paper presents a collaborative and adaptive approach to process online information sources through software resources plug-ins. It uses self-described XML based business logic modules dynamically interacting with online information sources through adaptive services. The adaptive services are based on the plug-ins technology, which are extended to support both software components and information sources. Processing efficiency has been analyzed of the new approach with the traditional approach on a common business data set of significant volumes.
Photocatalytic Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> with Re-Pyridyl-NHCs (2015)

A series of Re(I) pyridyl N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes have been synthesized and examined in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using a simulated solar spectrum. The catalysts were characterized through NMR, UV-vis, cyclic voltammetry under nitrogen, and cyclic voltammetry under carbon dioxide. The complexes were compared directly with a known benchmark catalyst, Re(bpy) (CO)3Br. An electron-deficient NHC substituent (PhCF3) was found to promote catalytic activity when compared with electron-neutral and -rich substituents. Re(PyNHC-PhCF3) (CO)3Br was found to exceed the CO production of the benchmark Re(bpy) (CO)3Br catalyst (51 vs 33 TON) in the presence of electron donor BIH and photosensitizer fac-Ir(ppy)3. Importantly, Re(PyNHC-PhCF3) (CO)3Br was found to function without a photosensitizer (32 TON) at substantially higher turnovers than the benchmark catalyst Re(bpy) (CO)3Br (14 TON) under a solar simulated spectrum.
An iterative multichannel method for blind Volterra system equalization (2003)

Blind channel equalization is a challenging problem in modern communication systems, where the transmission of a training sequence may not be possible. In this paper a blind multichannel equalizer design procedure is proposed for Volterra (nonlinear) channels. Knowledge of the exact lengths of the system kernels is not necessary, and perfect reconstruction of the input is possible in the noise-free case. Simulations demonstrate the performance of the algorithm on a third-order baseband Volterra system.
Effects of protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors on voltage‐operated calcium channel currents in vascular smooth muscle cells and pp60<sup>c‐src</sup> kinase activity (2000)

Tyrosine kinases have been proposed as regulators of voltage‐operated calcium channels. The effects of a range of structurally different inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) were examined on voltage‐operated calcium channel currents (I Ba ) and pp60 c‐src kinase (c‐src) activity in vitro . I Ba was measured in single myocytes isolated from rabbit ear artery by conventional whole cell voltage‐clamp techniques. The activity of purified human c‐src was measured in vitro using a non‐radioactive assay. Bath application of tyrphostin‐23 and genistein (non‐selective PTK inhibitors), bistyrphostin (a receptor‐PTK‐selective inhibitor) and PP1 (a src family‐selective inhibitor) inhibited I Ba in a concentration‐dependent manner over a range of test membrane potentials. Intracellular application of peptide‐A, a peptide inhibitor of c‐src also inhibited currents. Inhibitor potency series against I Ba was PP1 > genistein > tyrphostin 23 > bistyrphostin. Tyrphostin‐23, genistein, PP1, and peptide‐A shifted the steady‐state inactivation curves in a hyperpolarized direction without altering their slope. The inhibitors had no significant effects on I Ba activation calculated from current‐voltage relationships. The agents inhibited c‐src activity in a concentration‐dependent manner. The order of potency was PP1 > genistein > peptide‐A > tyrphostin‐23 > bistyrphostin. The IC 50 for inhibition of c‐src activity was similar to the IC 50 for inhibition of I Ba in all cases. Western blot analysis with a specific antibody to c‐src showed the presence of this cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase in rabbit ear artery cells. A range of structurally dissimilar inhibitors of PTKs inhibit I Ba and c‐src activity with similar potency. These data provide further evidence implicating endogenous c‐src in the modulation of L‐type calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. British Journal of Pharmacology (2000) 129 , 1347–1354; doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703186
The effect of acriflavine on complement sensitive and resistant strains of Escherichia coli and on complement resistant mutants. (1970)

Complement sensitive and resistant smooth strains of Escherichia coli have been distinguished by their different reaction with acriflavine analysed spectrophotometrically. Resistant mutants of sensitive strains were obtained and found to react like wild type resistant strains.
On parallel execution of multiple pipelined hash joins (1994)

In this paper we study parallel execution of multiple pipelined hash joins. Specifically, we deal with two issues, processor allocation and the use of hash filters, to improve parallel execution of hash joins. We first present a scheme to transform a bushy execution tree to an allocation tree, where each node denotes a pipeline. Then, processors are allocated to the nodes in the allocation tree based on the concept of synchronous execution time such that inner relations (i.e., hash tables) in a pipeline can be made available approximately the same time. In addition, the approach of hash filtering is investigated to further improve the overall performance. Performance studies are conducted via simulation to demonstrate the importance of processor allocation and to evaluate various schemes using hash filters. Simulation results indicate that processor allocation based on the allocation tree significantly outperforms that based on the original bushy tree, and that the effect of hash filtering becomes prominent as the number of relations in a query increases.
The Diabetes-associated 3243 Mutation in the Mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) Gene Causes Severe Mitochondrial Dysfunction without a Strong Decrease in Protein Synthesis Rate (1999)

Cells harboring patient-derived mitochondria with an A-to-G transition at nucleotide position 3243 of their mitochondrial DNA display severe loss of respiration when compared with cells containing the wild-type adenine but otherwise identical mitochondrial DNA sequence. The amount and degree of leucylation of tRNA(Leu(UUR)) were both found to be highly reduced in mutant cells. Despite the low level of leucyl-tRNA(Leu(UUR)), the rate of mitochondrial translation was not seriously affected by this mutation. Therefore, decrease of mitochondrial protein synthesis as such does not appear to be a necessary prerequisite for loss of respiration. Rather, the mitochondrially encoded proteins seem subject to elevated degradation, leading to a severe reduction in their steady state levels. Our results favor a scheme in which the 3243 mutation causes loss of respiration through accelerated protein degradation, leading to a disequilibrium between the levels of mitochondrial and nuclear encoded respiratory chain subunits and thereby a reduction of functional respiratory chain complexes. The possible mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of mitochondrial diabetes is discussed.
Methyltransferase Inhibitors: Changing the Treatment Algorithm for Myelodysplastic Syndromes (2004)

An updated algorithm for management of myelodysplastic syndromes incorporates newer effective treatment options.
<sup>99M</sup>Tc‐C‐Deoxyglucose: Synthesis, cellular uptake, biodistribution and scintigraphic imaging (2001)

Abstract This study was aimed to synthesize 99m Tc‐ethylenedicysteine‐deoxyglucose (EC‐DG) and determine in vitro cellular uptake and in vivo biodistribution and imaging feasibility in tumor‐bearing rodents. Experimental: Synthesis of EC‐deoxyglucose (EC‐DG) was carried out by reacting EC with glucosamine using carbodiimide as a coupling agent. After dialysis the chemical yield was 70%. By adding pertechnetate in the presence of tin chloride (0.1 mg) to EC‐DG (20–100 mg), the radiochemical yield was achieved 70–100% as determined by radio‐TLC. Hexokinase assays of EC‐DG were performed at UV wavelength 340 nm. In vitro cellular uptake assay was conducted by using a human lung cancer cell line (A549). Each well containing 80,000 cells was added d‐ and 1‐glucose (1 mg and 2.0 mg) along with 2μCi of 99m Tc‐EC‐deoxyglucose and 18 F‐FDG. After incubation, the cells were washed. A gamma counter counted the cells. To determine whether blood glucose level could be induced by EC‐DG and suppressed by insulin, normal Fischer 344 rats were fasting overnight prior to the experiments. The baseline of blood glucose level (mg/dl) was measured by a glucose meter. Each rat was administered 1.2 mmol/kg (i.v.) of glucosamine, FDG and EC‐deoxyglucose. In a separate experiment, rats were administered EC‐DG and FDG, and then insulin (5 units) was administered after 30 minutes. Blood samples were collected from tail vein every 30‐min up to 6 hrs post‐administration. For breast tumor‐bearing animal model, female Fischer 344 rats (150±25 g) were inoculated with tumor cells (10 6 cells/rat, s.c. derived from DMBA‐induced tumor cell line) into the hind legs. For lung tumor‐bearing animal model, each athymic nude mouse (20–25g) was inoculated (s.c.) with 0.1 ml of human lung tumor cells from the A549 tumor cell line suspension into the hind legs. Studies performed 17 to 21 days after implantation when tumors reached approximately 0.6–1.0 cm diameter. Each animal was injected (i.v.) with 10 μCi (per rat) or 1 μCi (per mouse) of 99m Tc‐EC, 99m Tc‐EC‐DG and FDG (standard) (n=3/time point). The injected mass of 99m Tc‐EC‐DG was 1 mg per rodent. Following administration of the radiotracers, the rodents were sacrificed at 0.5–4 hrs and the selected tissues were excised, weighed and counted for radioactivity. Scintigraphic images were obtained 0.5–4 hours after i.v. injection of 100 μCi of the radiotracer. Results: EC‐DG showed positive hexokinase assay. By adding d‐glucose, a decreased uptake of 99m Tc‐EC‐DG and 18 F‐FDG was observed. Blood glucose level was induced by glucosamine, FDG and EC‐DG. This increased blood glucose level could be suppressed by co‐administration of EC‐DG or FDG and insulin. Compare to 99m Tc‐EC and free 99m Tc, tumor‐to tissue count density ratios increased as a function of time in 99m Tc‐EC‐DG group. Brain and heart uptake was less than FDG. Tumor/brain and tumor/muscle ratios were higher than FDG. Tumor could be visualized well when compared to 99m Tc‐EC (control group).
Comparative evaluation of tamper-proof mouse bait stations (1988)

A method for the evaluation of mouse control using tamper-proof mouse bait stations was developed and efficacy trials conducted to determine if house mice (Mus musculus) would visit and consume rodenticidal baits located within these stations. All stations were rapidly investigated by mice. Variation seen between the individual stations related to animal variation and did not appear to be related to differences in the stations themselves. Station placement was more critical to mouse investigation and subsequent bait consumption from the station than were the various features used to prohibit nontarget access.
DRAM-Latency Optimization Inspired by Relationship between Row-Access Time and Refresh Timing (2015)

It is widely known that relatively long DRAM latency forms a bottleneck in computing systems. However, DRAM vendors are strongly reluctant to decrease DRAM latency due to the additional manufacturing cost. Therefore, we set our goal to reduce DRAM latency without any modification in the existing DRAM structure. To accomplish our goal, we focus on an intrinsic phenomenon in DRAM: electric charge variation in DRAM cell capacitors. Then, we draw two key insights: i) DRAM row-access latency of a row is a function of the elapsed time from when the row was last refreshed, and ii) DRAM row-access latency of a row is also a function of the remaining time until the row is next refreshed. Based on these two insights, we propose two mechanisms to reduce DRAM latency: NUAT-1 and NUAT-2. NUAT-1 exploits the first key insight and NUAT-2 exploits the second key insight. For evaluation, circuit- and system-level simulations are performed, which show the performance improvement for various environments.
Valve hysteresis compensation considering flow conditions for digital valve positioner (2004)

This paper analyzes the behavior of a pneumatic control valve/digital positioner system that has a large hysteresis due to a tightened grand packing and examines its control scheme in an effort to improve the system performance. The authors have confirmed that introducing a PID control action with a gap in the integrator of the position control and a minor feedback control of the diaphragm pressure is an effective way to ensure the stability and dynamic response of the system. In order to further improve the behavior under this cascading control against small changes of the position set point, this paper proposes a valve hysteresis compensation algorithm considering flow conditions. In this compensation, the diaphragm pressure is controlled with feedforward so that the stem immediately starts to move against the large valve hysteresis including the fluid resistance. Through experimental investigations, the effectiveness of this compensation algorithm is confirmed.
Mifepristone for ectopic ACTH secretion in metastatic endocrine carcinomas: report of two cases. (2008)

Ectopic adrenocorticotropin secretion (EAS) remains a therapeutic challenge whenever the tumor responsible for the syndrome is not amenable to curative resection. Two cases of EAS related to metastatic foregut-derived endocrine carcinomas led us to use mifepristone, an antagonist of both progesterone and glucocorticoids. Mifepristone clearly improved skin lesions and diabetes associated with hypercorticism. The beneficial effect lasted for about 10 months. In both cases, recurrent hypertension and hypokalemia eventually required adrenalectomy.
GeoSAC - Scalable address autoconfiguration for VANET using geographic networking concepts (2008)

In this paper, we propose a novel mechanism for application of an IPv6 automatic address configuration technique to vehicular ad-hoc networks. The solution consists of combining standardized IPv6 schemes with geographic routing functionalities, which enables the matching of geographically-scoped network partitions to single IPv6 multicast-capable links. Unlike existing solutions described in this paper and mostly derived from MANET approaches, our proposal explicitly targets automotive requirements, which we identify and analyze based on a real system architecture and its target applications. Furthermore, we examine the solutionpsilas timely aspects both analytically and experimentally with laboratory tests and compare the results. Finally, we outline intended future work on extending the proposed scheme.
Monoclonal antibodies against GA<sub>13</sub>‐imide recognize the endogenous plant growth regulator, GA<sub>4</sub>, and related gibberellins (1986)

Monoclonal antibody(MAB)‐secreting hybridomas were selected from fusions of spleen cells derived from Balb/c mice immunized with the BSA conjugate of GA 13 ‐19,20‐imide‐β‐alanine 7‐methyl ester with the myeloma line X63.Ag8.653. Selection based on [1,2‐ 3 H]GA 4 methyl ester binding capacity yielded two stable hybridoma clones that secreted antibodies of the IgGl subclass. These MAB exhibited high affinities for GA 4 methyl ester (3.2 × 10 8 and 1.0 × 10 9 M −1 ) which allowed quantitation by HPLC‐RIA of nanogram or sub‐nanogram amounts of the gibberellins A 2 , A 3 , A 4 A 7 and A 9 as the methyl esters, in biological fluids.
Sealed 100-Hz CO2 TEA laser using high CO2 concentrations and ambient-temperature catalysts (1982)

There is a growing interest in the development of compact sealed CO 2 TEA lasers emitting high peak output powers and capable of operating at high pulse repetition frequencies for long periods without need of gas replenishment. Although there has been sealed operation of CO 2 TEA lasers, it has not hitherto been possible to achieve this with high concentrations of CO 2 (needed to produce maximum peak power output per unit discharge volume) without use of heated catalysts.
Quantitation of prenylcysteines by a selective cleavage reaction. (1991)

The allylic thioether bond of the prenylcysteines of prenylated proteins has been shown to be cleaved by 2-naphthol under alkaline conditions to yield substituted naphthopyrans. These products are readily resolved from interfering materials by HPLC and have a strongly absorbing chromophore. Thus, this reaction is suitable for quantitative analysis of prenyl substituents of proteins, and we have examined a number of tissues for their content of prenylcysteines. These amino acids are present in mammalian tissues at a concentration of 0.36-1.4 nmol/mg of protein, with a ratio of geranylgeranylcysteine to farnesylcysteine in the range of 4 to 10. Prenylcysteines were also found in the cytosolic fraction of two mouse tissues at about one-third the concentration of the whole organ. The level of these modified amino acids was found to be significantly less in a yeast, a fungus, a brown alga, a higher plant, and an insect. Again, geranylgeranylcysteine is predominant. Prenylcysteines were absent from Escherichia coli but present in an archaebacterium. The prenylcysteine content of mammalian tissue is about 1% of that of cholesterol and about equal to that of ubiquinones and dolichols. Calculations indicate that about 0.5% of all proteins are prenylated.