gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hardware-based IP routing using partitioned lookup table (2005)

We present a search algorithm implementable by a parallel architecture based on partitioned forwarding table. This scheme effectively reduces the complexity of finding "the longest prefix match" problem to "a prefix match" problem. The main feature of this algorithm is twofold. First, it advocates intelligent partitioning of the forwarding table to enhance and parallelize the lookup operation. Second, it takes advantage of ternary CAM to achieve low lookup time. The resulting architecture has better throughput and much better update time than the traditional TCAM. Our experimental results show that such features can significantly elevate the flexibility and scalability of the next generation packet processing devices.
WEE1 Kinase Inhibitor AZD1775 Has Preclinical Efficacy in LKB1-Deficient Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2017)

G<sub>1</sub>-S checkpoint loss contributes to carcinogenesis and increases reliance upon the G<sub>2</sub>-M checkpoint for adaptation to stress and DNA repair, making G<sub>2</sub>-M checkpoint inhibition a target for novel therapeutic development. AZD1775, an inhibitor against the critical G<sub>2</sub>-M checkpoint protein WEE1, is currently in clinical trials across a number of tumor types. AZD1775 and DNA-damaging agents have displayed favorable activity in several preclinical tumor models, often in the molecular context of <i>TP53</i> loss. Whether AZD1775 efficacy is modulated by other molecular contexts remains poorly understood. The tumor suppressor serine/threonine kinase 11 (<i>LKB1/STK11</i>) is one of the most frequently mutated genes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is commonly comutated with oncogenic <i>KRAS</i> mutations. We investigated the preclinical effects of AZD1775 in the context of <i>KRAS</i>/<i>LKB1</i> in NSCLC. Using NSCLC cell lines, we found that AZD1775 alone and in combination with DNA-damaging agents (e.g., cisplatin and radiation) decreased tumor cell viability in <i>LKB1</i>-deficient NSCLC cells. <i>In vitro, LKB1</i> deficiency enhanced DNA damage and apoptosis in response to AZD1775 exposure compared with wild-type <i>LKB1</i> cells. In a genetically engineered mouse model of mutant <i>Kras</i> with concomitant loss of <i>Lkb1</i>, combined AZD1775 and cisplatin extended overall survival compared with cisplatin alone. Our data suggest that lack of phosphorylation of LKB1 by ATM was involved in AZD1775-mediated cytotoxicity. Collectively, these findings provide a clinical application for AZD1775 with DNA-damaging agents in <i>KRAS</i>/<i>LKB1</i> NSCLC. <i>Cancer Res; 77(17); 4663-72. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Data Analytics and the Erosion of the Work/Nonwork Divide (2019)

Numerous statutes and common law doctrines conceive of a dividing line between work time and nonwork time and delineate the activities that must be compensated as work. While technological innovations and increasing desires for workplace flexibility have begun to erode this divide, it persists, in part, because of the ways in which the division protects employers and employees alike. Nonetheless, the explosion of data analytics programs that allow employers to monitor and rely upon a worker's off‐duty conduct will soon weaken the dividing line between work and nonwork in dramatically greater and more troubling ways than ever before. The emergence of programs allowing employers to track, predict, rely upon, and possibly control nonwork activities, views, preferences, and emotions represents a major blurring of the line between work and nonwork. This article contends that these advances in data analytics suggest a need to reexamine the notion of work versus nonwork time and to question whether existing protections adequately consider a world in which these lines are so significantly muddled. As a society, we need to acknowledge the implications of the availability of massive quantities of employees’ off‐duty data and to decide whether and how to regulate its use by employers. Whether we, as a society, decide to allow market forces to dictate acceptable employer behavior, choose to regulate and restrict the use of off‐duty data for adverse employment decisions, or find some middle ground that requires disclosure and consent, we should choose our own course rather than allowing the technology to be the guide.
Survey of the South Carolina shrimp baiting fishery, 1992 (1993)

Information on the 1992 shrimp baiting fishery was obtained from a postseason mailout survey sent to 26.6% of the 11,571 permit holders. The return rate at the end of the designated three-week response period was 42.3%. ·An estimated 10,105 permit holders and 21,707 assistants participated in the fishery, making 62,459 trips to catch 2.35 million pounds of whole shrimp. Permit holders made an average of 6.12 trips per individual. Residents of coastal counties represented 73% of the permit holders, expended 81% of the effort, and caught 78% of the shrimp. The metropolitan Charleston area received relatively less effort and contributed a smaller portion of the total catch than in previous years. The statewide catch rate (25.4 quarts/trip) was a little above average for the last six years. About 94% of the respondents indicated that they would purchase a permit in 1993.
Thresholds for detection of a change in the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of a synthesized sound-emitting source (1994)

An experiment was conducted to determine if listeners, when judging the velocity and acceleration of a sound-emitting source, merely infer these quantities from overall source displacement. The acoustic waveform of a high-velocity source was reconstructed over headphones using principles of sound radiation and propagation from the moving source, an interaural time difference method, and a diffraction model of a spherical head. An adaptive 2IFC procedure was used to measure thresholds for detection of a change in the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the source passing directly in front of the listener in a linear trajectory from left to right. The source traveled at 50 m/s for 4 s, at a distance of 5 m from the center of the head, point of closest approach. Thresholds for a rightward displacement showed little variability across listeners, averaging about 7 m. Velocity and acceleration thresholds varied from one listener to the next, but were in some cases less than the minimum value that could be inferred given the 7-m threshold for displacement. The results are discussed in terms of cues for discrimination related to changes in intensity, interaural delay, and Doppler effect. [Research supported by NIDCD.]
CHARACTERISTICS OF CYCLOSPORINE INDUCTION OF INCREASED PROSTAGLANDIN LEVELS FROM HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONOCYTES (1984)

Human monocytes (M phi) exposed to 0.5-20 micrograms/ml of cyclosporine (CsA) produced levels of prostaglandins of the E series (PGE) that were 2-3-fold greater than control M phi cultured in medium alone. Maximal PGE levels were obtained at 24-48 hr incubation, and the failure to observe a linear increase of PGE levels at higher CsA concentrations appeared partially related to cytotoxic effects. CsA was considerably less effective than phorbol myristate acetate or bacterial lipopolysaccharide in increasing PGE production, but the PGE levels achieved with CsA approximated those known to suppress immune responsiveness. Other experiments showed that, although the increased PGE production with CsA was indomethacin-sensitive, CsA mostly functioned to increase the availability of free arachidonic acid (AA) instead of accelerating AA conversion by the cyclooxygenase pathway. Thus CsA can alter M phi physiology, and these alterations might inhibit quite early events during the induction phase of immune responses.
Rapid Approach to Biobased Telechelics through Two One-Pot Thiol−Ene Click Reactions (2010)

The application of environmentally friendly thiol-ene chemistry to the preparation of biobased telechelics is presented in this work. This methodology is based on two one-pot photoinitiated thiol-ene click processes: step-growth polymerization using a 3,6-dioxa-1,8-octanedithiol and end-group postpolymerization modification with three functional thiols: 2-mercaptoethanol, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, and 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane. We applied this approach to a potentially 100% biomass-derived monomer, allyl ester of 10-undecenoic acid (UDA). To show the generality and scope of this methodology, a series of well-defined telechelics with molecular weight ranging from 1000-3000 g/mol and hydroxyl, carboxyl, or trimethoxysilyl groups at the polymer terminus were prepared. An exhaustive (1)H NMR and MALDI-TOF MS analyses demonstrates the highly end-group fidelity of this methodology being an interesting procedure for the accelerated preparation of telechelics derived from divinyl monomers. UDA-based thelechelic diol prepared using this methodology was reacted with 4,4'-methylenebis(phenylisocyanate) and 1,4-butanediol as the chain extender to obtain multiblock poly(ester urethane).
Decarbonization of Cities: You’re Dreaming! (2015)

Societal and technological transformation in the face of climate change will be won or lost in our cities and urban communities. This is not just because of the global urban demographic shift with more than 50 percent of the population now living in urban conditions, or because cities contribute around 70 to 80 percent of greenhouse gas emissions, but it is as much to do with the growing economic and political importance of cities. Patterns of production and consumption are defined for—and increasingly shaped by—urban living. In spite of having no formal standing as actors within global processes to address climate change, cities have stepped up as powerful voices and a loci for action.
Stress-Induced Mobility Enhancement for Integrated Power Transistors (2007)

It is for the first time shown that integrated power transistors can benefit from mobility enhancement due to strained silicon, an effect that is usually only reported for deep submicron CMOS. Experimental validation is done by mu-Raman spectroscopy (muRS) measurements on a transistor cross- section. The silicon stress is measured to be in the order of several hundreds of MPa, yielding a reduction in drift resistance (Ron) of approximately 20%. A novel theoretical model relating Ron to V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">bd</sub> , and including stress-induced mobility enhancement, is provided.
Printed straight F antennas for WLAN and Bluetooth (2004)

Miniaturized printed-circuit-board antennas are proposed in PCMCIA cards for WLAN and Bluetooth applications. The proposed antenna is a straight F in shape printed on a FR4 substrate together with the rest of the circuit components, providing a low-cost antenna solution. The straight F antenna resembles a printed inverted F antenna, but the inductive tuning arm is in the same side of the capacitive arm, resulting in further reduced overall antenna area. The proposed antenna occupies an area of about 9 mm by 7 mm. Several prototype antennas are designed and fabricated. Reasonable impedance bandwidth and good range of coverage are found.
Interval VTI and orthorhombic anisotropic parameter estimates from walkaway/3D VSP data (2009)

The purpose of this paper is to present a new method for accurate interval VTI anisotropic parameter estimation from walkaway VSP data. The method creates a virtual horizontal reflector at each receiver depth by calculating reflected traveltimes as the sum of first arrival times from the two symmetrical source points. A three‐term NMO approximation function is used to estimate NMO velocity and a non‐hyperbolic parameter. Assuming that the interval vertical velocity is known from zero‐offset VSP data, Dix‐type inversion is applied to the three parameters to invert them to generate interval anisotropic parameters ε, δ. Modeling results show that different approximations have different accuracy for different VTI models.
Aroma Compounds of Fresh Milk from New Zealand Cows Fed Different Diets (2001)

Volatile compounds were extracted from fresh milk produced by New Zealand cows using the newly developed solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) technique. The two samples that were used came from cows that had been fed on different diets and represented the considerably different flavors of Northern hemisphere and New Zealand milk. Using gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O), 71 aroma compounds were found from the milk extracts, 66 of which were identified. Nearly all of the aroma compounds were common to both extracts, despite the two milk samples having quite different flavors. Only one compound, gamma-12:2 lactone, was significantly odor-active for the extract of milk from cows fed a supplement diet, but was not found for the extract of milk from cows fed a pasture diet. Thus, differences in milk flavor are primarily caused by concentration differences of a common set of flavor compounds, rather than by the occurrence of compounds uniquely associated with a particular feed.
Effect of actin C-terminal modification on tropomyosin isoforms binding and thin filament regulation (2008)

Tropomyosins, a family of actin-binding regulatory proteins, are present in muscle and non-muscle cells. Multiple tropomyosin (TM) isoforms differ in actin affinity and regulatory properties, but little is known about the molecular bases of these differences. The C-terminus of actin stabilizes contacts between actin subunits in the filament and interacts with myosin and regulatory proteins. The goal of this work was to reveal how structural changes in actin and differences between TM isoforms affect binding between these proteins and affect thin filament regulation. Actin proteolytically truncated by three C-terminal amino acids exhibited 1.2-1.5 fold reduced affinity for non-muscle and smooth muscle tropomyosin isoforms. The truncation increased the cooperativity of myosin S1-induced tropomyosin binding for short tropomyosins (TM5a and TM1b9a), but it was neutral for long isoforms (smTM and TM2). Actin modification affected regulation of actomyosin ATPase activity in the presence of all tropomyosins by shifting the filament into a more active state. We conclude that the integrity of the actin C-terminus is important for actin-tropomyosin interactions, however the increased affinity of tropomyosin binding in the S1-induced state of the filament appears not to be involved in the tropomyosin isoform-dependent mechanism of the actomyosin ATPase activation.
Ptosis of submental skin (2004)

Age-related changes of the skin's mechanical properties and of the various underlying skin tissues would explain this phenomenon. This new method and procedure should allow objective evaluation of the efficacy of any treatments (cosmetic, medical or surgical) proposed for rendering the appearance of people younger.
Factors Influencing the Dielectric Properties of Agricultural and Food Products (2012)

Dielectric properties of materials are defined, and the major factors that influence these properties of agricultural and food materials, namely, frequency of the applied radiofrequency or microwave electric fields, and water content, temperature, and density of the materials, are discussed on the basis of fundamental concepts. The dependence of measured dielectric properties on these factors is illustrated graphically and discussed for a number of agricultural and food products, including examples of grain, peanuts, fruit, eggs, fresh chicken meat, whey protein gel, and a macaroni and cheese preparation. General observations are provided on the nature of the variation of the dielectric properties with the major variables.
Optically powered data link for power system applications (1989)

The practicability of an optically powered data link has been demonstrated. The link has moderate bandwidth (1 kHz), accuracy (1%) and dynamic range (>60 dB) over a useful range of ambient temperatures. The link uses commercially available components, including a photodiode array fabricated using the dielectric isolation process in silicon. An application to the measurement of current in a high voltage line by means of a linear coupler is described, and experimental results are presented. Power transmission efficiency is presently low, at about 0.3% overall (electrical-to-electrical) and 5% optical-to-electrical.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mining valuable minerals from seawater: a critical review (2016)

Methods of extracting valuable minerals from seawater and seawater brines generated in desalination plants are critically reviewed in this paper.
IKK2 Inhibition Attenuates Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization (2014)

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is aberrant angiogenesis associated with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness in the elderly. Inflammation has been suggested as a risk factor for AMD. The IKK2/NF-κB pathway plays a key role in the inflammatory response through regulation of the transcription of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and angiogenic factors. We investigated the functional role of IKK2 in development of the laser-induced CNV using either Ikk2 conditional knockout mice or an IKK2 inhibitor. The retinal neuronal tissue and RPE deletion of IKK2 was generated by breeding Ikk2(-/flox) mice with Nestin-Cre mice. Deletion of Ikk2 in the retina caused no obvious defect in retinal development or function, but resulted in a significant reduction in laser-induced CNV. In addition, intravitreal or retrobulbar injection of an IKK2 specific chemical inhibitor, TPCA-1, also showed similar inhibition of CNV. Furthermore, in vitro inhibition of IKK2 in ARPE-19 cells significantly reduced heat shock-induced expression of NFKBIA, IL1B, CCL2, VEGFA, PDGFA, HIF1A, and MMP-2, suggesting that IKK2 may regulate multiple molecular pathways involved in laser-induced CNV. The in vivo laser-induced expression of VEGFA, and HIF1A in RPE and choroidal tissue was also blocked by TPCA-1 treatment. Thus, IKK2/NF-κB signaling appears responsible for production of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factors in laser-induced CNV, suggesting that this intracellular pathway may serve as an important therapeutic target for aberrant angiogenesis in exudative AMD.
O-GlcNAcylation and Inflammation: A Vast Territory to Explore (2015)

O-GlcNAcylation is a reversible post-translational modification that regulates the activities of cytosolic and nuclear proteins according to glucose availability. This modification appears to participate in several hyperglycemia-associated complications. An important feature of metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity is the presence of a low-grade chronic inflammation that causes numerous complications. Hyperglycemia associated with the metabolic syndrome is known to promote inflammatory processes through different mechanisms including oxidative stress and abnormally elevated protein O-GlcNAcylation. However, the role of O-GlcNAcylation on inflammation remains contradictory. O-GlcNAcylation associated with hyperglycemia has been shown to increase nuclear factor κB (NFκB) transcriptional activity through different mechanisms. This could contribute in inflammation-associated diabetic complications. However, in other conditions such as acute vascular injury, O-linked N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) also exerts anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of the NFκB pathway, suggesting a complex regulation of inflammation by O-GlcNAc. Moreover, whereas macrophages and monocytes exposed to high glucose for a long-term period developed a pro-inflammatory phenotype, the impact of O-GlcNAcylation in these cells remains unclear. A future challenge will be to clearly establish the role of O-GlcNAcylation in pro- and anti-inflammatory functions in macrophages.
Solubilization of ionized and un‐ionized flavopiridol by ethanol and polysorbate 20 (1999)

Because the ionized species is more polar than its un-ionized counterpart, it is often assumed that the ionized species of the drug does not make a meaningful contribution to solubilization by either cosolvents or surfactants. This report extends previous studies on solubilization of the ionic species by a combination of pH control and complexation to pH control and micellization and to pH control and cosolvency. The total aqueous solubility is expressed as the addition of the concentration of all contributing species: free un-ionized drug [Du], free ionized drug [Di], un-ionized drug micelle [DuM], and ionized drug micelle [DiM] for surfactant, and free un-ionized drug [Dcu] and free ionized drug [Dci] for cosolvent. The equations indicate that under certain conditions the ionized species can be more important in determining the drug total solubility than the un-ionized species. Flavopiridol, a weak base, is used to test these newly generated equations. As expected, the micellar partition coefficient and solubilization power for ionized flavopiridol are both less than those of the un-ionized species. However, at acidic pH, the solubilities of the ionized drug in surfactant micelles [DiM] and in cosolvent-water [Dci] are both much greater than that of the un-ionized drug. This difference is because the solubilization of the ionized drug is proportional to its aqueous solubility, and its solubility [Di] can be as much as 24-fold greater than that of the free un-ionized species [Du].
ContinuStreaming: Achieving high playback continuity of Gossip-based Peer-to-Peer streaming (2008)

Gossip-based peer-to-peer (P2P) streaming has been proved to be an effective and resilient method to stream qualified media contents in dynamic and heterogeneous network environments. Because of the intrinsic randomness of gossiping, some data segments cannot be disseminated to every node in time, which seriously affects the media playback continuity. In this paper we describe the design of ContinuStreaming, a gossip-based P2P streaming system which can maintain high resilience and low overhead while bring a novel and critical property - full coverage of the data dissemination. With the help of DHT, data segments which are likely to be missed by the gossip-based data scheduling can be quickly fetched by the on-demand data retrieval so as to guarantee continuous playback. We discuss the results of both theoretical analysis and comprehensive simulations on various real-trace overlay topologies to demonstrate the effectiveness of our system. Simulation results show that ContinuStreaming outperforms the existing representative gossip-based P2P streaming systems by increasing the playback continuity very close to 1.0 with only 4% or less extra overhead.
<i>Arabidopsis CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON3</i> Regulates Postembryonic Shoot Meristem and Organ Boundary Formation (2006)

Overall shoot architecture in higher plants is highly dependent on the activity of embryonic and axillary shoot meristems, which are produced from the basal adaxial boundaries of cotyledons and leaves, respectively. In Arabidopsis thaliana, redundant functions of the CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON genes CUC1, CUC2, and CUC3 regulate embryonic shoot meristem formation and cotyledon boundary specification. Their functional importance and relationship in postembryonic development, however, is poorly understood. Here, we performed extensive analyses of the embryonic and postembryonic functions of the three CUC genes using multiple combinations of newly isolated mutant alleles. We found significant roles of CUC2 and CUC3, but not CUC1, in axillary meristem formation and boundary specification of various postembryonic shoot organs, such as leaves, stems, and pedicels. In embryogenesis, all three genes make significant contributions, although CUC3 appears to possess, at least partially, a distinct function from that of CUC1 and CUC2. The function of CUC3 and CUC2 overlaps that of LATERAL SUPPRESSOR, which was previously shown to be required for axillary meristem formation. Our results reveal that redundant but partially distinct functions of CUC1, CUC2, and CUC3 are responsible for shoot organ boundary and meristem formation throughout the life cycle in Arabidopsis.