gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sorafenib inhibits the angiogenesis and growth of orthotopic anaplastic thyroid carcinoma xenografts in nude mice (2007)

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) remains one of the most lethal human cancers. We hypothesized that sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor of the BRaf, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta kinase, would decrease tumor growth and angiogenesis in an orthotopic model of ATC. The in vitro antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of sorafenib on ATC cell lines were examined. To study the in vivo effects of sorafenib on orthotopic ATC tumors in nude mice, sorafenib was given p.o. at 40 or 80 mg/kg daily. Intratumoral effects were studied using immunohistochemical analysis. The effect of sorafenib on survival of the mice was also studied. Sorafenib inhibited the in vitro proliferation of ATC cell lines. Sorafenib also significantly inhibited tumor angiogenesis via the induction of endothelial apoptosis in an orthotopic model of thyroid cancer. As result, the growth of orthotopic ATC xenografts was reduced and the survival of the test animals was improved. Sorafenib exerts significant antitumor activity in an orthotopic xenograft model of ATC via a potent antiangiogenic effect. The antiangiogenic effects of sorafenib suggest that its use in clinical setting may not depend on the BRAF mutational status of thyroid tumors. Given the lack of curative options for patients with ATC, sorafenib warrants further study as a therapeutic agent against ATC.
APPLICATION OF INERTIAL LOAD TO A LOSS OF GENERATOR POSTMORTEM (1995)

ABSTRACT The inertial load flow technique [2] is applied to a dynamic equivalent [1] derived from a NERC (North American Electric Reliability Council) data base to compute maximum tie line power flows for a 1980 MW loss of generation at the Nanticoke station in the Ontario Hydro system. The results were compared with a transient stability simulation and recorded tie line power and frequency measurements. The inertial load flow results were more accurate in capturing the filtered measurements of power flows during the first three to five seconds after a loss of generation contingency than the transient stability simulation. The transient stability simulation was shown to contain both synchronizing oscillations between generators as well as the quasi steady-state behavior captured by the filtered power measurements and inertial load flow. The inertial load flow is an excellent tool for estimating proximity to voltage collapse since the field current limiters on exciters utilize filtered measurements of the inertial response that occurs 3-5 seconds after a loss of generation contingency. The loss of voltage control and reactive generation supply due to action of field current limiters is a principle cause of loss of voltage stability in power systems. The inertial response is shown to capture a filtered estimate of the peak of the deceleration wave that propagates from the point of disturbance and would indicate whether the filtered estimate of these peak real power flows would incur sufficient filtered generator field current levels to cause field current limiters to act. Generator field current levels rise in an attempt to counteract voltage decline and increase in reactive losses caused by the peak power flows that are observed in the inertial response. The action of the field current limiter reduces field current and reactive supply to prevent thermal damage to the generator. The action of field current limiters initiates the voltage decline that can result in voltage collapse.
Lipoprotein(a) Serum Concentrations and Apolipoprotein(a) Phenotypes in Mild and Moderate Renal Failure (2000)

High lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) serum concentrations and the underlying apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) phenotypes are risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the general population as well as in patients with renal disease. Lp(a) concentrations are markedly elevated in patients with end-stage renal disease. However, nothing is known about the changes of Lp(a) depending on apo(a) size polymorphism in the earliest stages of renal impairment. In this study, GFR was measured by iohexol technique in 227 non-nephrotic patients with different degrees of renal impairment and was then correlated with Lp(a) serum concentrations stratified according to low (LMW) and high (HMW) molecular weight apo(a) phenotypes. Lp(a) increased significantly with decreasing GFR. Such an increase was dependent on apo(a) phenotype. Only renal patients with HMW apo(a) phenotypes expressed higher median Lp(a) concentrations, i.e., 6.2 mg/dl at GFR >90 ml/min per 1.73 m2, 14.2 at GFR 45 to 90 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and 18.0 mg/dl at GFR <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2. These values were markedly different when compared with apo(a) phenotype-matched control subjects who had a median level of 4.4 mg/dl (ANOVA, linear relationship, P < 0.001). In contrast, no significant differences were observed at different stages of renal function in patients with LMW apo(a) phenotypes when compared with phenotype-matched control subjects. The elevation of Lp(a) was independent of the type of primary renal disease and was not related to the concentration of C-reactive protein. Multiple linear regression analysis found that the apo(a) phenotype and GFR were significantly associated with Lp(a) levels. Non-nephrotic-range proteinuria modified the association between GFR and Lp(a) levels. In summary, an increase of Lp(a) concentrations, compared with apo(a) phenotype-matched control subjects, is seen in non-nephrotic patients with primary renal disease even in the earliest stage when GFR is not yet subnormal. This change is found only in subjects with HMW apo(a) phenotypes, however.
Elastic Convolver Using Planar Prism Waveguide Couplers (1980)

An elastic convolver has been built on YZ LiNbO3 using p lanar prism structures f or coupling surface a coustic waves with a 60 wavelength beamwidth into a three wavelength wide acoustic waveguide. The coupler, which is analogous in operation to the optical prism coupler, is a planar metallic film pattern approximately one centimeter long and spaced 0.8 wavelength from the waveguide. include: Selective excitation of a single waveguide mode, no bulk wave interference in the convolver from the transducers, and ease of fabrication. The measured coupler efficiency for the prisms is within 1 dB of the theoretical maximum 80%. The convolver has a center frequency of 300 MHz and an external e fficiency factor F = -73 dBm. Coupling characteristics of the present prism coupler d esign limit the 3 dB bandwidth to less than 50 MHz. The method used for designing the prism couplers is described as well as a technique for broadening the coupler bandwidth in future designs. Advantages of the prism coupler
Organic Peroxides. IV. Higher Dialkyl Peroxides (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic Peroxides. IV. Higher Dialkyl PeroxidesFrank Welch, Homer R. Williams, and Harry S. MosherCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 3, 551–554Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1955https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01608a011RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views244Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (464 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effectiveness of Postmilking Teat Dips (1972)

Two experimental approaches were used to estimate the relative efficacy of three germicidal preparations as postmilking teat dips. In successive trials of 17 and 7 months, ehlorhexidine (.2%) and a commercial iodophor (1% available iodine) each reduced the overall new intramammary infection to 4 to 5 per hundred cows per month. Compared to the incidence among control cows, reductions due to teat dipping were 81 and 90% for staphylococci, 80 and 0% for streptococci (chiefly S. uberis), and 0~ for coliforms and Pseudomonas species.
Single‐shot two‐echo technique for simultaneous measurement of GABA and creatine in the human brain in vivo (2004)

A single-shot, two-echo method for the simultaneous detection of multiple-quantum (MQ)-filtered gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and creatine (Cr) was developed and demonstrated in the human brain in vivo at 3 Tesla. The simultaneously measured Cr singlet served as a navigator for the spectral phase of GABA and any frequency shift during measurements due to drift in the static magnetic field (B(0)) or subject movement, as well as an internal concentration reference. In addition, the use of a double-band frequency-selective MQ filter for C(3) and C(4) methylene protons of GABA provided a very robust measurement of GABA, with excellent suppression of overlapping metabolites such as Cr and glutathione (GSH) in each single scan. Contamination from overlapping macromolecules was also demonstrated to be negligible with this method. The GABA-to-Cr ratio was 0.09 +/- 0.03 (mean +/- SD, N = 17) and the estimated concentration of GABA in the frontoparietal region of the human brain in vivo was 0.66 +/- 0.19 micromol/g (mean +/- SD, N = 17) with the internal reference method, and 0.69 +/- 0.18 micromol/g (mean +/- SD, N = 17) with the external reference method. The observed pattern of GABA doublet was consistent among all subjects, with a frequency separation of approximately 13 Hz.
Disrupted Social Hierarchy in Prenatally Valproate-Exposed Autistic-Like Rats (2020)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impaired socio-communicational function, repetitive and restricted behaviors. Valproic acid (VPA) was reported to increase the prevalence of ASD in humans as a consequence of its use during pregnancy. VPA treatment also induces autistic-like behaviors in the offspring of rats after prenatal exposure; hence it is a preclinical disease model with high translational value. In the present study, our aim was to characterize ASD relevant behaviors of socially housed, individually identified male rats in automated home cages. The natural behavior of rats was assessed by monitoring their visits to drinking bottles in an environment without human influence aiming at reducing interventional stress. Although rodents normally tend to explore their new environment, prenatally VPA-treated rats showed a drastic impairment in initial and long-term exploratory behavior throughout their stay in the automated cage. Furthermore, VPA rats displayed psychogenic polydipsia (PPD) as well as altered circadian activity. In the competitive situation of strict water deprivation controls switched to an uneven resource sharing and only a few dominant animals had access to water. In VPA animals similar hierarchy-related changes were completely absent. While the control rats secured their chance to drink with frequent reentering visits, thereby "guarding" the water resource, VPA animals did not switch to uneven sharing and displayed no evidence of guarding behavior.
Adaptive single snapshot beamforming: a new concept for the rejection of nonstationary and coherent interferers (1992)

An approach to adaptive beamforming (adaptive reconstruction of a desired signal in the presence of interferers and noise) that uses just a single snapshot to calculate the antenna weights is presented. As in previous studies, a structured and grouped array of sensor elements is assumed. The concept exploits the induced special data structure, which can be described as a generalized rank-one eigenvalue problem and can be solved by means of a linear (overdetermined) system solver. Arbitrary signal statistics are allowed and no difficulties with nonstationary, and coherent interferers arise. Furthermore, the algorithm does not exhibit any transient behavior. Simulations verify its good performance in comparison with the optimum beamformer.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Clinical experience with the novel levodopa formulation entacapone + levodopa + carbidopa (Stalevo®) (2004)

Levodopa is the main pharmacologic treatment for Parkinson's disease. However, the long-term administration of levodopa is associated with the development of motor complications which can seriously compromise patient function. Increasing evidence indicates that such problems are related to abnormal pulsatile stimulation of striatal dopamine receptors and that treatments providing more continuous stimulation reduce the risk of motor complications. It is possible that administering levodopa with a reversible catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitor at frequent intervals might reduce the risk of these complications. Stalevo (Orion) combines levodopa, the dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor carbidopa and the catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitor entacapone in a single tablet. This review provides an overview of the initial clinical experience gained with Stalevo during clinical trials, including several case studies.
Design of Improved Performance Voltage Controlled Ring Oscillator (2015)

Voltage Controlled Oscillator is one of the most important basic building block for analog, digital as well as in mixed signal circuits. This paper presents a new technique to improve the performance of ring oscillator. The VCO is based on single ended ring oscillator. The circuit is designed using 0.13 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">μm</i> CMOS technology with supply voltage of 3.3 V. A VCO with high frequency range from 2.26GHz to 3.50 GHz is achieved by using this technique. Simulation results reveal the better performance of the proposed design as compared to existing current staved ring VCO in terms of oscillation frequency and power consumption.
LQG control of steam temperature in power plants (2003)

This paper presents an application of LQG control to the regulation of steam temperature in a power plant. The (simulation) results are compared to those obtained with optimised PID controllers, and it is shown that LQG yields much tighter setpoint control especially during transients. It is shown that these improved control performance have significant positive economic repercussions.
Do Waves Carrying Orbital Angular Momentum Possess Azimuthal Linear Momentum? (2013)

All beams are a superposition of plane waves, which carry linear momentum in the direction of propagation with no net azimuthal component. However, plane waves incident on a hologram can produce a vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum that seems to require an azimuthal linear momentum, which presents a paradox. We resolve this by showing that the azimuthal momentum is not a true linear momentum but the azimuthal momentum density is a true component of the linear momentum density.
Egyptians aim to improve nurse image (2004)

Recently I read the article on why we love to nurse (features June 30), which was morale boosting. I fully support the Nursing the Future campaign to enhance the image and reputation of nursing and midwifery.
Automatically assessing the post quality in online discussions on software (2007)

Assessing the quality of user generated content is an important problem for many web forums. While quality is currently assessed manually, we propose an algorithm to assess the quality of forum posts automatically and test it on data provided by Nabble.com. We use state-of-the-art classification techniques and experiment with five feature classes: Surface, Lexical, Syntactic, Forum specific and Similarity features. We achieve an accuracy of 89% on the task of automatically assessing post quality in the software domain using forum specific features. Without forum specific features, we achieve an accuracy of 82%.
2D FT-ICR MS of Calmodulin: A Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approach (2016)

Two-dimensional Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (2D FT-ICR MS) allows data-independent fragmentation of all ions in a sample and correlation of fragment ions to their precursors through the modulation of precursor ion cyclotron radii prior to fragmentation. Previous results show that implementation of 2D FT-ICR MS with infrared multi-photon dissociation (IRMPD) and electron capture dissociation (ECD) has turned this method into a useful analytical tool. In this work, IRMPD tandem mass spectrometry of calmodulin (CaM) has been performed both in one-dimensional and two-dimensional FT-ICR MS using a top-down and bottom-up approach. 2D IRMPD FT-ICR MS is used to achieve extensive inter-residue bond cleavage and assignment for CaM, using its unique features for fragment identification in a less time- and sample-consuming experiment than doing the same thing using sequential MS/MS experiments. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Efficient Integration of Fixed Beamformers and Speech Separation Networks for Multi-Channel Far-Field Speech Separation (2018)

Speech separation research has significantly progressed in recent years thanks to the rapid advances in deep learning technology. However the performance of recently proposed single-channel neural network-based speech separation methods is still limited especially in reverberant environments. To push the performance limit, we recently developed a method of integrating beamforming and single-channel speech separation approaches. This paper proposes a novel architecture that integrates multi -channel beamforming and speech separation in a much more efficient way than our previous method. The proposed architecture comprises a set of fixed beamformers, a beam prediction network, and a speech separation network based on permutation invariant training (PIT). The beam prediction network takes in the beamformed audio signals and estimates the best beam for each speaker constituting the input mixture. Two variants of PIT-based speech separation networks are proposed. Our approach is evaluated on reverberant speech mixtures under three different mixing conditions, covering cases where speakers partially overlap or one speaker's utterance is very short. The experimental results show that the proposed system significantly outperforms the conventional single-channel PIT system, producing the same performance as a single-channel system using oracle masks.
Comparative effectiveness of Bacillus spp. possessing either dual or single growth-promoting traits for improving phosphorus uptake, growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (2011)

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Bacillus spp. simultaneously carrying dual traits such as P solubilization and ACC deaminase activity with Bacillus spp. having any one of these traits for improving growth, yield and P uptake by wheat crop. Six Bacillus strains having predominantly either ACC deaminase activity (KA1 and KA2) or P solubilizing activity (KP3 and KP4) or simultaneously both of these traits (KAP5 and KAP6) were evaluated for improving growth of wheat cv. Bhakar-2002 using rock phosphate (RP) as an exclusive P-source. Under axenic conditions, the bacterial strains with dual plant growth-promoting activities were superior in improving growth of wheat as compared to the strains possessing single trait. Similarly, these dual traits bacterial strains were more effective than single trait strains under soil conditions (pot trial) in increasing root weight (up to 3.9-fold) and root elongation (up to 3.8-fold), dry shoot weight (up to 37.6%), number of tillers (up to 56%), grain yield (up to 38.5%) and P uptake in grain (up to 77.4%) of wheat grown in the presence of P applied as diammonium phosphate (DAP), RP (rock phosphate) or RP-enriched compost. An almost similar trend was observed when the same trial was repeated under field conditions. Inoculation in the presence of RP-enriched compost resulted in promoting various growth parameters almost comparable to that recorded in the case of DAP. It was concluded that the simultaneous presence of two superior plant growth-promoting traits in the bacteria could have an additive effect not only on growth and yield of wheat but also on P uptake. The performance of Bacillus strains possessing dual traits was distinctly superior to that of the single trait strains. These bacteria exhibited an excellent effectiveness in utilizing RP as the source of P in the growth medium as well as in soil.
A New, Efficient and Recyclable Lanthanum(III) Oxide‐ Catalyzed CN Cross‐Coupling (2010)

Abstract A new and efficient protocol for the CN cross‐coupling of aryl halides with heteroaromatic amines in the presence of lanthanum(III) oxide (10 mol%) as a recyclable catalyst, N,N′ ‐dimethylethylenediamine (DMEDA) (20 mol%) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a base in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 110 °C has been developed. This inexpensive catalytic system is highly effective towards the amination of aryl halides with various nitrogen nucleophiles and is significantly tolerant towards other functional groups in the substrates.
Photoremovable Protecting Groups (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stiripentol, a Putative Antiepileptic Drug, Enhances the Duration of Opening of GABA<sub>A</sub>‐Receptor Channels (2006)

At clinically relevant concentrations, STP enhances central GABA transmission through a barbiturate-like effect, suggesting that STP should possess an antiepileptic effect by itself.
Purification and properties of a new enzyme, DL-2-haloacid dehalogenase, from Pseudomonas sp (1982)

A new enzyme, DL-2-haloacid dehalogenase, was isolated and purified to homogeneity from the cells of Pseudomonas sp. strain 113. This enzyme catalyzed non-stereospecific dehalogenation of both of the optical isomers of 2-chloropropionate through an SN2 type of reaction; L- and D-lactates were formed from D- and L-2-chloropropionates, respectively. The enzyme acted on 2-halogenated aliphatic carboxylic acids whose carbon chain lengths were less than five. It also dehalogenated trichloroacetate to form oxalate and showed maximum activity at pH 9.5. The Michaelis constants for substrates were as follows: 5.0 mM for monochloroacetate, 1.1 mM for L-2-chloropropionate, and 4.8 mM for D-2-chloropropionate. DL-2-Haloacid dehalogenase was inhibited by HgCl2, ZnSO4, and MnSO4, but was not affected by thiol reagents, such as p-chloromercuribenzoate and iodoacetamide. This enzyme had a molecular weight of about 68,000 and appeared to be composed of two subunits identical in molecular weight.