gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VCSEL-based swept source for low-cost optical coherence tomography (2017)

We present a novel wavelength-swept laser source for optical coherence tomography (OCT) which is based on the conventional laser diode technology of the vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). In our self-heating sweep VCSEL (SS-VCSEL), a VCSEL device is simply driven by ramped pulses of currents in direct intensity modulation. The intrinsic property of VCSEL produces a frequency-swept output through the self-heating effect. By the injected current, the temperature of the active region is gradually increased in this effect. Consequently, it changes the wavelength of the laser output by itself. In this study, various characteristics of our SS-VCSEL were experimentally investigated for low-cost instrumentation of a swept source OCT system. A low-cost SS-VCSEL-based OCT system was demonstrated in this research that provided an axial resolution of 135 μm in air, sensitivity of −91 dB and a maximum imaging range longer than 10 cm when our source was operated at a sweep repetition rate of 5 kHz with an output power of 0.41 mW. Based on the experimental observations, we believe that our SS-VCSEL swept source can be an economic alternative in some of low-cost or long-range applications of OCT.
DESCENTRALIZACION Y COMPETITIVIDAD, BASES PARA FORTALECER LA DEMOCRACIA (1994)

DURANTE SU PARTICIPACION EN EL ENCUENTRO DE EXPERTOS DE BANCA DE DESARROLLO, REALIZADO EN LA UNIDAD DE SEMINARIOS IGNACIO CHAVEZ, PEDRO SORENSE, VICEPRESIDENTE EJECUTIVO DE LA CORPORACION ANDINA DE FOMENTO (CAF), SE REFERIO A LA ECONOMIA DE AMERICA LATINA. SENALO QUE LAS NACIONES LATINOAMERICANAS ESTAN COMPROMETIDAS CON UNA PROFUNDA TRANSFORMACION Y TIENDEN AL MEJORAMIENTO DE LAS CONDICIONES SOCIALES.
3-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-1-ylamines by Ti-Mediated Intramolecular Reductive Cyclopropanation of α-(N-Allylamino)-Substituted N,N-Dialkylcarboxamides and Carbonitriles (2002)

A variety of tris- and monoprotected derivatives with the 1-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane and 1-amino-3-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane skeleton 10 have been synthesized by intramolecular reductive cyclopropanation of α-(N-allylamino)-substituted N,N-dialkylcarboxamides 6, 8, and 9. Starting from derivatives of the naturally occurring amino acid serine (4a, 4b), the enantiomerically pure compounds 10a and 10b were obtained with endo/exo ratios of 2.5:1 (a) and 2:1 (b), in 26 and 30% overall yields, respectively. The unprotected bicyclic amines 11aa, 11ab, 11ba, and 11ad have been prepared by palladium-catalyzed hydrogenative deprotection of 10aa, 10ab, 10ba and 10ad, respectively, under acidic conditions, in 91, 95, 96, and 99% yields, respectively. X-ray crystal structure analyses of 10aa and 10ad in each case found an equatorial position of the N-benzyl group on the heterocycle and a common boat conformation for the 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane and 3-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane skeletons as a whole. One-step preparations of the bicyclic diamines 11ac (41% yield) and 14a (48% yield) have been performed by application of the Kulinkovich−de Meijere procedure to the nitriles 12a and 12b. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002)
Inkjet‐Printed Flexible Gold Electrode Arrays for Bioelectronic Interfaces (2015)

Bioelectronic interfaces require electrodes that are mechanically flexible and chemically inert. Flexibility allows pristine electrode contact to skin and tissue, and chemical inertness prevents electrodes from reacting with biological fluids and living tissues. Therefore, flexible gold electrodes are ideal for bioimpedance and biopotential measurements such as bioimpedance tomography, electrocardiography (ECG), electroencephalography (EEG), and electromyography (EMG). However, a manufacturing process to fabricate gold electrode arrays on plastic substrates is still elusive. In this work, a fabrication and low‐temperature sintering (≈200 °C) technique is demonstrated to fabricate gold electrodes. At low‐temperature sintering conditions, lines of different widths demonstrate different sintering speeds. Therefore, the sintering condition is targeted toward the widest feature in the design layout. Manufactured electrodes show minimum feature size of 62 μm and conductivity values of 5 × 10 6 S m −1 . Utilizing the versatility of printing and plastic electronic processes, electrode arrays consisting of 31 electrodes with electrode‐to‐electrode spacing ranging from 2 to 7 mm are fabricated and used for impedance mapping of conformal surfaces at 15 kHz. Overall, the fabrication process of an inkjet‐printed gold electrode array that is electrically reproducible, mechanically robust, and promising for bioimpedance and biopotential measurements is demonstrated.
Volatile components of peel cold-pressed oils of two cultivars of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) from Ethiopia (2000)

Cold-pressed fruit peel essential oils of two cultivars of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck), Valencia and Hamlin, from Ethiopia were analyzed by capillary GC and GC–MS, without prior separation, and compared with each other. On two different GC columns, 58 components representing an average of 99.9% of the total volatile fraction were positively identified. Trans-carveol was proved for the first time as one of the components in cold-pressed orange oils. Monoterpene hydrocarbons followed by aldehydes and alcohols were the predominate quantitative composition of the volatile part in both the Valencia and Hamlin oils. Their percentage compositions, respectively, were 98.61% and 99.14% in total monoterpene hydrocarbons, 0.76% and 0.49% in aliphatic and terpenic aldehydes, and 0.47% and 0.18% in total alcohol concentration. In the cold-pressed oil of Valencia, oxygenated volatiles amounted to 1.26%, while in Hamlin amounted to only 0.70%. Compared to the same cultivars recently reported from other countries, high concentration of neral (0.09%) and geranial (0.16%) were found in Valencia orange oil. The major aliphatic aldehydes quantified in both oils are n-octanal and n-decanal, which are especially important character-impact constituents of sweet orange oils. Values for individual components like n-octanal, n-decanal and linalol were above, below or within values reported earlier. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The virology and developments toward control of human enterovirus 71 (2011)

Enterovirus 71 (EV71), a member of the Enterovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family, was first recognized as a dermotrophic virus that usually cause mild, self-limiting hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD). However, EV71 infection can sometimes induce a variety of severe neurological complications and even death. Current large outbreaks of EV71 make this virus being a major public health issue. Intense effort has been made to address its underlying pathogenesis and to develop effective means for combating EV71 infections. Here, we aimed to provide an overview of cellular mechanisms underlying EV71 infection and to assess potential agents for prevention and treatment of EV71 infections.
Monolithically integrated enhancement/depletion-mode AlGaN/GaN HEMTs SRAM unit and voltage level shifter using fluorine plasma treatment (2016)

A GaN-based E/D mode direct-couple logic 6 transistors SRAM unit and a voltage level shifter were designed and fabricated. E-mode and D-mode AlGaN/GaN HEMTs were integrated in one wafer using fluorine plasma treatment and using a moderate AlGaN barrier layer heterojunction structure. The 6 transistors SRAM unit consists of two symmetrical E/D mode inverters and two E-mode switch HEMTs. The output low and high voltage of the SRAM unit are 0.95 and 0.07 V at a voltage supply of 1 V. The voltage level shifter lowers the supply voltage using four Ni-AlGaN Schottky diodes in a series at a positive supply voltage of 6 V and a negative supply voltage of −6 V. By controlling the states of inverter modules of the level shifter in turn, the level shifter offers two channel voltage outputs of −0.5 and −5 V. The flip voltage of the level shifter is 0.76 V. Both the SRAM unit and voltage shifter operate correctly, demonstrating the promising potential for GaN-based E/D mode digital and analog integrated circuits. Several considerations are proposed to avoid the influence of threshold voltage degradation of D-mode and E-mode HEMT on the operation of the circuit.
Joint Raindrop and Haze Removal From a Single Image (2020)

In a recent study, it was shown that, with adversarial training of an attentive generative network, it is possible to convert a raindrop degraded image into a relatively clean one. However, in real world, raindrop appearance is not only formed by individual raindrops, but also by the distant raindrops accumulation and the atmospheric veiling, namely haze. Current methods are limited in extracting accurate features from a raindrop degraded image with background scene, the blurred raindrop regions, and the haze. In this paper, we propose a new model for an image corrupted by the raindrops and the haze, and introduce an integrated multi-task algorithm to address the joint raindrop and haze removal (JRHR) problem by combining an improved estimate of the atmospheric light, a modified transmission map, a generative adversarial network (GAN) and an optimized visual attention network. The proposed algorithm can extract more accurate features for both sky and non-sky regions. Experimental evaluation has been conducted to show that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms on both synthetic and real-world images in terms of both qualitative and quantitative measures.
A locus of the candidate gene family for azoospermia factor (YRRM2) is polymorphic with a null allele in Japanese males (1994)

Journal Article A locus of the candidate gene family for azoospermia factor (YRRM2) is polymorphic with a null allele in Japanese males Get access Y. Nakahori, Y. Nakahori Department of Human Genetics, School of International Health, University of Tokyo3-7-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K. Kobayashi, K. Kobayashi Department of Human Genetics, School of International Health, University of Tokyo3-7-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Komaki, R. Komaki Department of Human Genetics, School of International Health, University of Tokyo3-7-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar I. Matsushita, I. Matsushita Department of Human Genetics, School of International Health, University of Tokyo3-7-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Y. Nakagome Y. Nakagome * Department of Human Genetics, School of International Health, University of Tokyo3-7-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 3, Issue 9, September 1994, Page 1709, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/3.9.1709 Published: 01 September 1994
Fibrinolytic Defects and Recurrent Miscarriage (2007)

Factor XII deficiency is associated with recurrent miscarriage. Data on the other factors either fail to show association or are quite limited.
A single transition state in the reaction of aryl diphenylphosphinate esters with phenolate ions in aqueous solution (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA single transition state in the reaction of aryl diphenylphosphinate esters with phenolate ions in aqueous solutionNicholas. Bourne, Edwin. Chrystiuk, Andrew M. Davis, and Andrew. WilliamsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 6, 1890–1895Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00214a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00214a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views173Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Enhanced sensitivity to dielectric function and thickness of absorbing thin films by combining total internal reflection ellipsometry with standard ellipsometry and reflectometry (2013)

International audience
Tool wear predictability estimation in milling based on multi-sensorial data (2015)

The safe and reliable operations in industrial manufacturing processes play a crucial role in the economic productivity. Machining process disturbances such as collision, overload, breakdown, and tool wear tend to cause production system failures. The current study aims at investigating the limitations of tool wear prediction on the milling of CGI 450 plates, through the simultaneous detection of acceleration and spindle drive current sensor signals. Tool wear prediction has been accomplished, by utilizing the experimental results that derived from third degree regression models and pattern recognition systems. These results indicate that predictability is affected by the mean signal energy, acquired from the vibration acceleration signals.
GridMapper: a tool for visualizing the behavior of large-scale distributed systems (2003)

Grid applications can combine the use of computation, storage, network, and other resources. These resources are often geographically distributed, adding to application complexity and thus the difficulty of understanding application performance. We present GridMapper, a tool for monitoring and visualizing the behavior of such distributed systems. GridMapper builds on basic mechanisms for registering, discovering, and accessing performance information sources, as well as for mapping from domain names to physical locations. The visualization system itself then supports the automatic layout of distributed sets of such sources and animation of their activities. We use a set of examples to illustrate how the system can provide valuable insights into the behavior and performance of a range of different applications.
The role of the matrix calcium level in the enhancement of mitochondrial pyruvate carboxylation by glucagon pretreatment. (1992)

The effect of Ca2+ on the rate of pyruvate carboxylation was studied in liver mitochondria from control and glucagon-treated rats, prepared under conditions that maintain low Ca2+ levels (1-3 nmol/mg of protein). When the matrix-free [Ca2+] was low (less than 100 nM), the rate of pyruvate carboxylation was not significantly different in mitochondria from control and glucagon-treated rats. Accumulation of 5-8 nmol of Ca2+/mg, which increased the matrix [Ca2+] to 2-5 microM in both preparations, significantly enhanced pyruvate carboxylase flux by 20-30% in the mitochondria from glucagon-treated rats, but had little effect in control preparations. Higher levels of Ca2+ (up to 75 nmol/mg) inhibited pyruvate carboxylation in both preparations, but the difference between the mitochondria from control and glucagon-treated animals was maintained. The enhancement of pyruvate dehydrogenase flux by mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake was also significantly greater in mitochondria from glucagon-treated rats. These differential effects of Ca2+ uptake on enzyme fluxes did not correlate with changes in the mitochondrial ATP/ADP ratio, the pyrophosphate level, or the matrix volume. Arsenite completely prevented 14CO2 incorporation when pyruvate was the only substrate, but caused only partial inhibition when succinate and acetyl carnitine were present as alternative sources of energy and acetyl-CoA. Under these conditions, mitochondria from glucagon-treated rats were less sensitive to arsenite than the control preparations, even at low Ca2+ levels. We conclude that the Ca(2+)-dependent enhancement of pyruvate carboxylation in mitochondria from glucagon-treated rats is a secondary consequence of pyruvate dehydrogenase activation; glucagon treatment is suggested to affect the conditions in the mitochondria that change the sensitivity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex to dephosphorylation by the Ca(2+)-sensitive pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase.
Molecular and cytogenetic analyses of stably and unstably expressed transgene loci in tobacco. (1997)

To study the influence of genomic context on transgene expression, we have determined the T-DNA structure, flanking DNA sequences, and chromosomal location of four independent transgene loci in tobacco. Two of these loci were stably expressed in the homozygous condition over many generations, whereas the other two loci became unstable after several generations of homozygosity. The stably expressed loci comprised relatively simple T-DNA arrangements that were flanked on at least one side by plant DNA containing AT-rich regions that bind to nuclear matrices in vitro. Of the unstably expressed loci, one consisted of multiple incomplete T-DNA copies, and the second contained a single intact T-DNA; in both cases, however, binary vector sequences were directly contiguous to a right T-DNA border. Fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated that the two stably expressed inserts were present in the vicinity of telomeres. The two unstably expressed inserts occupied intercalary and paracentromeric locations, respectively. Results on the stability of transgene expression in F1 progeny obtained by intercrossing the four lines and the sensitivity of the four transgene loci to inactivation in the presence of an unlinked "trans-silencing" locus are also presented. The findings are discussed in the context of repetitive DNA sequences and the allotetraploid nature of the tobacco genome.
The Mini-Mental State Examination (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In response (Archives1982;39:1443-1445) to a letter by Ganguli and Saul (Archives1982;39:1442-1443), Robins and Helzer noted that the Mini-Mental State Examination,<sup>1</sup>incorporated into the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) to assess cognitive impairment, had been reported by Folstein et al to differentiate between pseudodementia and true organic brain syndromes. We would like to make that statement more specific. The Mini-Mental State Examination was designed as a clinical method for grading cognitive impairment. It produces a score that can be used to follow the course of patients or as a case detection technique after cutoff scores are established. In a clinical psychiatric setting, a low Mini-Mental score can be associated with many disorders including mental retardation, delirium, manicdepressive disorder, and schizophrenia, as illustrated by Folstein et al in their pre-<i>DSM-III</i>article in 1975.<sup>1,2</sup>However, on a medical unit like the one from which Ganguli and
Human PMS2 deficiency is associated with impaired immunoglobulin class switch recombination (2008)

Immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch recombination (CSR) deficiencies are rare primary immunodeficiencies characterized by the lack of switched isotype (IgG/IgA/IgE) production. In some cases, CSR deficiencies can be associated with abnormal somatic hypermutation. Analysis of CSR deficiencies has helped reveal the key functions of CSR-triggering molecules, i.e., CD40L, CD40, and effector molecules such as activation-induced cytidine deaminase and uracil N-glycosylase. We report a new form of B cell-intrinsic CSR deficiency found in three patients with deleterious, homozygous mutations in the gene encoding the PMS2 component of the mismatch repair machinery. CSR was found partially defective in vivo and markedly impaired in vitro. It is characterized by the defective occurrence of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) in switch regions and abnormal formation of switch junctions. This observation strongly suggests a role for PMS2 in CSR-induced DSB generation.
Network Design and Implementation using Emulation-Based Analysis (2007)

Current network design and implementation processes employ simulation for analysis at the network design phase and directly step into prototyping based on this analysis followed by physical testbed analysis and full scale deplopyment. Due to abstractions in the simulated models of the network protocols, it is difficult to maintain accurate predictability of the network performance as the process moves into the detailed design and the subsequent prototyping phase. This paper presents an emulation-based approach for network design and implementation and aims to bridge the gap between simulation and the prototuyping phase. Emulation-based analysis uses emulations of protocols and applications in real-time, together with high fidelity simulation models of physical hardware, environement effects and mobility. This paper provides an overview of the approach and presents a case study to highlight its ability to allow for accurate predicability of the network performance as the network matures from design to deployment.
The Architecture of Long-Range Haplotypes Shared within and across Populations (2011)

Homologous long segments along the genomes of close or remote relatives that are identical by descent (IBD) from a common ancestor provide clues for recent events in human genetics. We set out to extensively map such IBD segments in large cohorts and investigate their distribution within and across different populations. We report analysis of several data sets, demonstrating that IBD is more common than expected by naïve models of population genetics. We show that the frequency of IBD pairs is population dependent and can be used to cluster individuals into populations, detect a homogeneous subpopulation within a larger cohort, and infer bottleneck events in such a subpopulation. Specifically, we show that Ashkenazi Jewish individuals are all connected through transitive remote family ties evident by sharing of 50 cM IBD to a publicly available data set of less than 400 individuals. We further expose regions where long-range haplotypes are shared significantly more often than elsewhere in the genome, observed across multiple populations, and enriched for common long structural variation. These are inconsistent with recent relatedness and suggest ancient common ancestry, with limited recombination between haplotypes.
A Share-Correctable Protocol for the Shamir Threshold Scheme and Its Application to Participant Enrollment. (2005)

Verifiable secret sharing schemes proposed so far can only allow participants to verify whether their shares are correct or not. In this paper, we propose a new protocol which can allow participants not only to verify the correctness of their shares but also to revise the faulty shares. It is achieved in a cooperative way by participants, but without any assistance from the dealer. This protocol, to the best of our knowledge, is the first one providing such kind of ability. Correcting shares by participants instead of the dealer is important in many situations. In addition, this protocol is also useful for adding new participants without the dealer’s assistance.