gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new airborne Earth observing system and its applications (2002)

A new airborne Earth observing system has been developed in China directed by the Expert Group for Information Acquisition and Processing Technology, Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China during the period from 1996 to 2000. The system is composed of 5 remote sensing sensors, including a 128-band modular imaging spectrometer with high spectral resolution, 244-band hyperspectral imaging spectrometer, an area array CCD digital camera with high spatial resolution, a 3 D imager with real time imaging capability, and an L-band SAR with 3m resolution. These sensors are installed onto different aircraft according to their performance, therefore, forming a set of distributive airborne Earth observing system. Since 1998, demonstrative applications study using the system has been conducted, and remote sensing imagery over 10 test sites have been acquired. These data after processing and analysis have achieved very satisfactory application results in rice classification, urban planning, water pollution and desertification monitoring, natural hazards monitoring, mineral exploration and other fields. These demonstrate the roles and application potentials of the new airborne system for Earth observation.
Isolation-Improved Dual-Band MIMO Antenna Array for LTE/WiMAX Mobile Terminals (2014)

A compact dual-band multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array with eight elements is proposed for the Long Term Evolution (LTE)/Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) mobile applications. The dual-band MIMO array consists of four U-slit etched planar inverse-F antennas (PIFAs) and four L-slit etched PIFAs. The two types of PIFAs are placed orthogonally to reduce mutual coupling between them. With the presented decoupling methods in the design including the disconnection of ground plane, the parasitic resonant strips, and also the modified PIFAs, the excellent element isolation (above 20 dB) and other good MIMO performance are achieved. The overall dimension of the MIMO system is only 140 × 70 × 9.55 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , and good return loss (above 10 dB) is achieved across the operating bands (2.6-2.8 and 3.4-3.6 GHz) for all the PIFA elements. The radiation patterns and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of MIMO system are also studied, showing quasi-omnidirectional radiation and accepted envelope correlation coefficient across the dual-band operation for mobile communications.
Primary structure of rat ceruloplasmin and analysis of tissue-specific gene expression during development. (1990)

cDNA clones corresponding to rat ceruloplasmin were isolated from newborn rat lung and liver cDNA libraries and the nucleotide sequence was obtained. The derived amino acid sequence of rat ceruloplasmin is 93% homologous to the corresponding human sequence and contains a 19-amino acid leader peptide plus 1040 amino acids of mature protein. Southern blot analysis indicates that the ceruloplasmin gene exists as a single copy in the rat haploid genome. Using these cDNA clones in RNA blot analysis, a single 3.7-kilobase ceruloplasmin-specific transcript is detected in fetal rat liver and lung by day 15 of gestation. During fetal development the abundance of this transcript increases selectively in these two tissues and at birth is 60% of that found in the adult liver. Postnatally the temporal pattern of ceruloplasmin gene expression in lung and liver differs. Within the first 3 weeks postpartum ceruloplasmin mRNA content decreases in lung to undetectable levels, while that in the liver reaches adult levels. Primer extension reveals a single identical start site of ceruloplasmin gene transcription in lung and liver and biosynthetic studies indicate that each tissue synthesizes a ceruloplasmin protein which is qualitatively similar to that synthesized by adult liver. Ceruloplasmin mRNA is also detected in human fetal lung explant and a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line suggesting that a similar pattern of expression occurs in the developing human lung. These data indicate that lung is the predominant extrahepatic site of ceruloplasmin gene expression during fetal development and suggest that this protein may play a previously unappreciated role in lung development or pulmonary antioxidant defense.
Performance Evaluation of Augmented Reality based 3D Modelling Furniture Application (2018)

The advances in information and computer technology allows humans to interact with both real and virtual world objects. Augmented Reality (AR) is one such technology that integrates digital information with the users' environment in real time. It superimposes virtual objects such as information, computer generated images etc. on the users' view of the real world. In this paper, we propose to develop and evaluate an android app with augmented reality based system “AR Furniture App”; which makes use of Kudan SDK to put the AR content onto natural features detected from the surroundings. Using this application the user can visualize how the furniture would look in the real world, offering preview of furniture in one's real environment. By the usage of this application, the furniture sellers can win competitive edge in the market. The system also prevents revenue loss to the business, spoilt brand image of the service provider, customer attrition and deterioration of stakeholders' interests as the customers can try visualizations of furniture placements in the available space before purchasing them.
Therapeutic advances in ankylosing spondylitis (2001)

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a systemic inflammatory rheumatic disease involving spinal and sacroiliac joints. This condition is responsible for back pain, stiffness, but also loss of functional capacity with socio-economic consequences. The management of AS includes patient education, rest, a programme of regular physical exercise, together with the use of NSAIDs. Second-line treatments are required in cases of severe or refractory AS, however only sulfasalazine has proven to benefit AS patients with peripheral arthritis. In spite of this management, the disease may not be adequately controlled, mainly for patients with refractory axial disease, enthesopathy or extra-articular features. Thus, new innovative treatments are needed for AS. It is likely that the new NSAIDs or COX-2 specific inhibitors will certainly take the place of the conventional NSAIDs, with regard to their superior tolerability. Methotrexate is a therapeutic option for AS treatment, but its usefulness in this disease remains to be established in adequate controlled studies. Finally, the TNF-alpha targeting drugs, namely thalidomide and the anti-TNF-alpha mAb, infliximab, have given promising results in the treatment of severe and/or refractory AS patients, however further controlled studies are required. In addition, the long-term use (efficacy and tolerability) of these two agents deserves attention.
Pilot-scale ultrasound-assisted extraction of protein from soybean processing materials shows it is not recommended for industrial usage (2017)

Unit operations to enhance protein extraction within the food industry are vital to improve current processes, especially for cost reductions and sustainability. Here a study of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) from soy slurry and okara produced at pilot-scale and further processed using a lab or pilot-scale probe system is presented. Confocal imaging and particle size measurements were used to study the physical effects of UAE on these soy processing materials. Ultrasound at pilot-scale was infeasible for soy slurry, in contrast to lab-scale. UAE from okara solution significantly increased protein yield by 4.2% at pilot-scale (p < 0.05). Okara solution flow rate and okara concentration also significantly improved the protein extraction yield. During lab-scale sonication of okara solution, a greater energy intensity resulted in a higher yield of up to 40% after 15 min treatment. Considering total extraction yields at pilot-scale during soybase production, ultrasound is not considered viable for industrial processing.
Log files: an extended file service exploiting write-once storage (1987)

A log service provides efficient storage and retrieval of data that is written sequentially (append-only) and not subsequently modified. Application programs and subsystems use log services for recovery, to record security audit trails, and for performance monitoring. Ideally, a log service should accommodate very large, long-lived logs, and provide efficient retrieval and low space overhead. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of the Clio log service. Clio provides the abstraction of log files : readable, append-only files that are accessed in the same way as conventional files. The underlying storage medium is required only to be append-only; more general types of write access are not necessary. We show how log files can be implemented efficiently and robustly on top of such storage media—in particular, write-once optical disk. In addition, we describe a general application software storage architecture that makes use of log files. This work was supported in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under contracts N00039-84-C-0211 and N00039-86-K-0431, by National Science Foundation grant DCR-83-52048, and by Digital Equipment Corporation, Bell-Northern Research and AT&T Information Systems.
Orchestrated structure evolution: accelerating direct-write nanomanufacturing by combining top-down patterning with bottom-up growth (2010)

Direct-write nanomanufacturing with scanning beams and probes is flexible and can produce high quality products, but it is normally slow and expensive to raster point-by-point over a pattern. We demonstrate the use of an accelerated direct-write nanomanufacturing method called 'orchestrated structure evolution' (OSE), where a direct-write tool patterns a small number of growth 'seeds' that subsequently grow into the final thin film pattern. Through control of seed size and spacing, it is possible to vary the ratio of 'top-down' to 'bottom-up' character of the patterning processes, ranging from conventional top-down raster patterning to nearly pure bottom-up space-filling via seed growth. Electron beam lithography (EBL) and copper electrodeposition were used to demonstrate trade-offs between process time and product quality over nano- to microlength scales. OSE can reduce process times for high-cost EBL patterning by orders of magnitude, at the expense of longer (but inexpensive) copper electrodeposition processing times. We quantify the degradation of pattern quality that accompanies fast OSE patterning by measuring deviations from the desired patterned area and perimeter. We also show that the density of OSE-induced grain boundaries depends upon the seed separation and size. As the seed size is reduced, the uniformity of an OSE film becomes more dependent on details of seed nucleation processes than normally seen for conventionally patterned films.
Microarray Analyses of Peripheral Blood Cells Identifies Unique Gene Expression Signature in Psoriatic Arthritis (2005)

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic and erosive form of arthritis of unknown cause. We aimed to characterize the PsA phenotype using gene expression profiling and comparing it with healthy control subjects and patients rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Peripheral blood cells (PBCs) of 19 patients with active PsA and 19 age- and sex-matched control subjects were used in the analyses of PsA, with blood samples collected in PaxGene tubes. A significant alteration in the pattern of expression of 313 genes was noted in the PBCs of PsA patients on Affymetrix U133A arrays: 257 genes were expressed at reduced levels in PsA, and 56 genes were expressed at increased levels, compared with controls. Downregulated genes tended to cluster to certain chromosomal regions, including those containing the psoriasis susceptibility loci PSORS1 and PSORS2. Among the genes with the most significantly reduced expression were those involved in downregulation or suppression of innate and acquired immune responses, such as SIGIRR, STAT3, SHP1, IKBKB, IL-11RA, and TCF7, suggesting inappropriate control that favors proin-flammatory responses. Several members of the MAPK signaling pathway and tumor suppressor genes showed reduced expression. Three proinflammatory genes--S100A8, S100A12, and thioredoxin--showed increased expression. Logistic regression and recursive partitioning analysis determined that one gene, nucleoporin 62 kDa, could correctly classify all controls and 94.7% of the PsA patients. Using a dataset of 48 RA samples for comparison, the combination of two genes, MAP3K3 followed by CACNA1S, was enough to correctly classify all RA and PsA patients. Thus, PBC gene expression profiling identified a gene expression signature that differentiated PsA from RA, and PsA from controls. Several novel genes were differentially expressed in PsA and may prove to be diagnostic biomarkers or serve as new targets for the development of therapies.
Enhanced Delivery of Oncolytic Adenovirus by Neural Stem Cells for Treatment of Metastatic Ovarian Cancer (2018)

Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising approach for treating recurrent and/or drug-resistant ovarian cancer. However, its successful application in the clinic has been hampered by rapid immune-mediated clearance or neutralization of the virus, which reduces viral access to tumor foci. To overcome this barrier, patient-derived mesenchymal stem cells have been used to deliver virus to tumors, but variability associated with autologous cell isolations prevents this approach from being broadly clinically applicable. Here, we demonstrate the ability of an allogeneic, clonal neural stem cell (NSC) line (HB1.F3.CD21) to protect oncolytic viral cargo from neutralizing antibodies within patient ascites fluid and to deliver it to tumors within preclinical peritoneal ovarian metastases models. The viral payload used is a conditionally replication-competent adenovirus driven by the survivin promoter (CRAd-S-pk7). Because the protein survivin is highly expressed in ovarian cancer, but not in normal differentiated cells, viral replication should occur selectively in ovarian tumor cells. We found this viral agent was effective against cisplatin-resistant ovarian tumors and could be used as an adjunct treatment with cisplatin to decrease tumor burden without increasing toxicity. Collectively, our data suggest NSC-delivered CRAd-S-pk7 virotherapy holds promise for improving clinical outcome, reducing toxicities, and improving quality of life for patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
Production of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (1985)

In an effort to develop new approaches to the study and control of infectious diarrhea, we prepared murine monoclonal antibodies to the Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (STa). The toxin was purified from E. coli culture media and conjugated to bovine serum albumin. The STa-bovine serum albumin conjugate was used to immunize BALB/c mice, and the immune spleen cells from these mice were fused with SP2/0 myeloma cells. Resultant hybridomas were screened in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay protocol against 500 ng of STa-bovine serum albumin bound to microtiter wells as the solid-phase antigen. Five stable clones were selected and grown further in ascites fluid, which demonstrated anti-STa activity at dilutions of up to 1:500,000 in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for heat-stable enterotoxin. In a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay format, the antibodies recognized several human and porcine strains of STa to various extents, but did not recognize E. coli heat-labile toxin, cholera toxin, or staphylococcal enterotoxin B. The antibodies were all able to bind lactoperoxidase-labeled [125I]STa, and antibody 20B3 was also able to dissociate [125I]STa bound to toxin receptors on rat jejunal villous cells. Preincubation of STa with antibodies 20B3 or 20F5 led to a concentration-dependent neutralization of toxin activity in a suckling mouse intestinal secretion assay. These antibodies are likely to provide new tools for the continued study of STa structure-function relationships and may lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of E. coli-induced infectious diarrhea.
Metallic nano-cavity lasers at near infrared wavelengths (2009)

There has been considerable interest in nano-cavity lasers, both from a scientific perspective for investigating fundamental properties of lasers and cavities, and also to produce smaller and better lasers for low-power applications. Light confinement on a wavelength scale has been reported in photonic crystal nano-cavities. Even stronger light confinement can be achieved in metallic cavities which can confine light to volumes with dimensions considerably smaller than the wavelength of light. It was commonly believed, however, that the high losses in metals are prohibitive for laser operation in metallic nano-cavities. Recently we have reported lasing in a metallic nano-cavity filled with an electrically pumped semiconductor. Importantly, the manufacturing approach employed for these devices permits even greater miniaturization of the laser. In particular Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) waveguides with dimensions well below the diffraction limit can be fabricated using our techniques. Experimental results from such MIM waveguide lasers will be presented. In theory it is shown that it is possible to reduce the semiconductor gain medium dimensions of these MIM waveguide devices down to a few tens of nanometers in size. Finally, latest results for the fabrication of MIM type waveguide devices will also be examined.
Mice with a targeted disruption of the Fanconi anemia homolog Fanca (2000)

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a hereditary chromosomal instability syndrome with cancer predisposition. Bone marrow failure resulting in pancytopenia is the main cause of death of FA patients. Diagnosis of FA is based on their cellular hypersensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents and chromosome breakages. Somatic complementation experiments suggest the involvement of at least eight genes in FA. The gene for complementation group A (FANCA) is defective in the majority of FA patients. We show here that mice deficient of FANCA: are viable and have no detectable developmental abnormalities. The hematological parameters showed a slightly decreased platelet count and a slightly increased erythrocyte mean cell volume in mice at young age, but this did not progress to anemia. Consistent with the clinical phenotype of FA patients, both male and female mice showed hypogonadism and impaired fertility. Furthermore, embryonic fibroblasts of the knock-out mice exhibited spontaneous chromosomal instability and were hyper-responsive to the clastogenic effect of the crosslinker mitomycin C.
Endothelin-converting Enzyme 1 and β-Arrestins Exert Spatiotemporal Control of Substance P-induced Inflammatory Signals (2014)

Although the intracellular trafficking of G protein-coupled receptors controls specific signaling events, it is unclear how the spatiotemporal control of signaling contributes to complex pathophysiological processes such as inflammation. By using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer and superresolution microscopy, we found that substance P (SP) induces the association of the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) with two classes of proteins that regulate SP signaling from plasma and endosomal membranes: the scaffolding proteins β-arrestin (βARRs) 1 and 2 and the transmembrane metallopeptidases ECE-1c and ECE-1d. In HEK293 cells and non-transformed human colonocytes, we observed that G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 and βARR1/2 terminate plasma membrane Ca(2+) signaling and initiate receptor trafficking to endosomes that is necessary for sustained activation of ERKs in the nucleus. βARRs deliver the SP-NK1R endosomes, where ECE-1 associates with the complex, degrades SP, and allows the NK1R, freed from βARRs, to recycle. Thus, both ECE-1 and βARRs mediate the resensitization of NK1R Ca(2+) signaling at the plasma membrane. Sustained exposure of colonocytes to SP activates NF-κB and stimulates IL-8 secretion. This proinflammatory signaling is unaffected by inhibition of the endosomal ERK pathway but is suppressed by ECE-1 inhibition or βARR2 knockdown. Inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A, which also contributes to sustained NK1R signaling at the plasma membrane, similarly attenuates IL-8 secretion. Thus, the primary function of βARRs and ECE-1 in SP-dependent inflammatory signaling is to promote resensitization, which allows the sustained NK1R signaling from the plasma membrane that drives inflammation.
Fluorescence Anisotropy: Theory and Applications of Rotational Depolarization (1993)

Abstract This review article presents the principal problems of fluorescence emission anisotropy in rigid and liquid isotropic solutions, as well as in partially ordered fluid systems (membranes), and indicates possible practical uses of these phenomena in physicochemical and biophysical investigations. It has been shown that fluorescence anisotropy provides a quantity of information on photophysical processes that occur in complex molecules. Thus, conclusions can be drawn with respect to molecular structure and properties, e.g., shapes, dimensions and conformational changes, electric dipole moments in excited states, relaxation of local temperature of excited molecules, as well as on the structure and internal dynamics of molecular systems.
Mathematical theory of medial axis transform (1997)

The medial axis of a plane domain is defined to be the set of the centers of the maximal inscribed disks. It is essentially the cut loci of the inward unit normal bundle of the boundary. We prove that if a plane domain has finite number of boundary curves each of which consists of finite number of real analytic pieces, then the medial axis is a connected geometric graph in R 2 with finitely many vertices and edges. And each edge is a real analytic curve which can be extended in the C 1 manner at the end vertices. We clarify the relation between the vertex degree and the local geometry of the domain. We also analyze various continuity and regularity results in detail, and show that the medial axis is a strong deformation retract of the domain which means in the practical sense that it retains all the topological informations of the domain. We also obtain parallel results for the medial axis transform.
Cytotoxic Isoprenylated Flavans of <i>Broussonetia</i> <i>k</i><i>azinoki</i> (1998)

Two new prenylflavans [kazinols Q (1) and R (2)] and five known compounds [kazinols D (3), K (4), and H, 7,4'-dihydroxyflavan (5), and oleanolic acid] were isolated from the root bark of Broussonetia kazinoki. The cytotoxic activity of 1-5 was evaluated against several different cell lines.