gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nicotinamide inhibits the early stage of carcinogen‐induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice and suppresses human hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth (2011)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can cause severe complications, resulting in a high incidence of recurrence after treatment of the primary tumor. Recently, we have shown that nicotinamide effectively inhibits the growth and progression of bladder tumors by up-regulating RUNX3 and p300 expression. Therefore, in this study, the efficacy and inhibitory mechanisms of nicotinamide against HCC were investigated in mice and HCC cell lines, respectively. To evaluate the inhibitory effects of nicotinamide on HCC development, mice were injected with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and simultaneously treated with 1% nicotinamide. Also, the effect of nicotinamide on human HCC cell lines was assessed by measuring caspase activity, cell proliferation, and DNA content using immunoblot analysis and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. It was found that nicotinamide significantly inhibited the development of pre-neoplastic lesions (foci and adenomas) during the early stages of HCC. Furthermore, nicotinamide inhibited cell proliferation and induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in HCC cell lines. It also increased the expression of p21, and the expression and acetylation of p53. These results strongly suggest that nicotinamide inhibits the progression of early-stage HCC and may contribute to the induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of proliferation of HCC cells. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that nicotinamide is a potential chemopreventive agent, i.e., it may prevent the progression of early HCC development and/or the recurrence of HCC after primary treatment.
Recording Simulation of Patterned Media Toward 2 Tb/in$^{2}$ (2007)

Recording simulation of bit patterned media for recording densities toward 2 Tb/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> was studied. The magnetic dot was modeled as 10 nm long, 15 nm wide, and 5 nm thick with m <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> =1000 emu/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . The dots were arranged in densities of 1-2 Tb/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> on a soft magnetic underlayer with a 25-nm cross track pitch. A head field of a shielded planar head with a pole size of 14times45 nm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and a head-medium spacing of 6 nm was used. When the switching timing of the head field was properly chosen, a 2 Tb/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> pattern was successfully recorded on a track but the obtained switching window was only 2.5 nm due to increased magnetostatic interaction between the dots. Introduction of the exchange coupling between the neighboring dots by connecting the dots was found to increase the switching window up to 6 nm along with an increase in cross track shift margin
Estimation of atrial fibrillatory waves from one-lead ECGs using principal component analysis concepts (2005)

In this contribution is presented a new method for estimating the atrial activity (AA) from one-lead atrial fibrillation (AF) ECGs. This methodology is appropriate for holter signals, where the reduced number of leads is insufficient to exploit the spatial information of the ECG. The proposed approach is based on principal component analysis (PCA) concepts, taking advantage from the time dependence of ventricular and atrial components. The principal components are extracted from the analysis of the ECG at successive cardiac beats, obtaining ventricular and nonventricular related components. The AA is then reconstructed by mapping back all nonventricular components at each cardiac beat. This methodology has been tested and validated using a significative database with simulated and real AF recordings. Its main advantage respect to adaptive template subtraction is its robustness to variations in the QRST shape, thus minimizing the QRST residual in the estimated AA.
Mononuclear, dinuclear, and trinuclear ruthenium(II) complexes of a tris(bipyridine) bridging ligand: syntheses, absorption spectra, redox potentials, and photophysical properties (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMononuclear, dinuclear, and trinuclear ruthenium(II) complexes of a tris(bipyridine) bridging ligand: syntheses, absorption spectra, redox potentials, and photophysical propertiesLuisa De Cola, Peter Belser, Frank Ebmeyer, Francesco Barigelletti, Fritz Voegtle, Alex Von Zelewsky, and Vincenzo BalzaniCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 3, 495–499Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00328a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00328a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views296Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Economic Class and Redistribution of Income Through Spousal Benefits Under Social Security (2001)

Abstract As the public debates Social Security reform, the provision of spousal benefits will become an important issue. Under the Social Security program, the spouse with lower lifetime earnings is guaranteed at least 50 percent of the benefit of the spouse with higher lifetime earnings. Given the increasing financial problems of the Social Security program, spousal benefits will be scrutinized as a cost-cutting measure. Who benefits from the provision of spousal benefits, and how much? Is there a difference between the spousal benefits that lower-income and higher-income married couples receive? This article presents findings from an empirical study that investigated these questions and discusses their policy implications.
Lactols in an asymmetric aldol-desymmetrization sequence: access to tetrahydro-4H-furo[2,3-b]pyran-2-one and tetrahydro-4H-furo[2,3-b]furan-2-one derivatives (2017)

An asymmetric aldol-desymmetrization sequence was developed which provided highly efficient access to important bicyclic oxygen-containing scaffolds with multiple chiral centers and one is a quaternary stereogenic center containing a free hydroxy group. Moreover, starting from racemic precursors, the final products were obtained as two separable diastereomers by flash chromatography. Several other heterocycles could also be easily generated with this strategy.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Undoped Lead Titanate Ceramics via Sol—Gel Processing. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Isolation and Characterization of the Human Inter-  -Trypsin Inhibitor Family Heavy Chain-Related Protein (IHRP) Gene (ITIHL1) (1996)

Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) family heavy chain-related protein (IHRP) is a novel human glycoprotein that shows significant homology in amino acid sequence to proteins of the ITI family heavy chains from human plasma. Three overlapping clones that encode the human inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor family heavy chain-related protein (IHRP) gene (ITIHL1) were isolated and characterized. The IHRP gene spans 15 kb and is composed of 24 exons from 27 to 207 bp in size with consensus splice sites. The gene codes for the precursor of IHRP, which is similar to inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) family heavy chains. Two major transcription initiation sites were identified in the 5'-flanking region. They contain putative promoter elements, but no typical TATA box. Some exons of this gene showed significant similarities to those of the ITI-H1 gene in nucleotide length and in intron phasing. The tissue-specific transcription of this gene may be due to the presence of binding sites for the hepatocyte nuclear factors LF-A1, HNF-5, NF-IL6, and C/EBP. This gene was found to be localized very close to another unknown gene related to EST (GenBank accession #: R54643, R50663, R50563, H27139, and R54913).
Species evenness and productivity in experimental plant communities (2004)

In nature, plant biomass is not evenly distributed across species, and naturally uncommon species may differ from common species in the probability of loss from the community. Understanding relationships between evenness and productivity is therefore critical to understanding changes in ecosystem functioning as species are lost from communities. We examined data from a large multi‐site grassland experiment (BIODEPTH) for relationships between evenness of species composition (proportional abundance of biomass) and total biomass of communities. For plots which started with the same and even species composition, but which diverged in evenness over time, those with lower evenness had a significantly greater biomass. The relationship between evenness and biomass across all plots was also negative. However, for communities where the most common species represented one of the three largest species in monoculture at that site (inclusion of a large dominant species), the relationship was neutral. Path analyses indicated that three paths contributed to this negative relationship. First, higher species richness decreased evenness, but increased biomass (primarily through an increase in maximum plant size). Contrary to predictions, maximum plant size had either no effect on evenness, or a positive effect (in year 3 plots with a large dominant species), thereby reducing this relationship. In year 2, large variation among species in plant size (as measured in monoculture) both decreased evenness and increased biomass, thus increasing the strength of the negative relationship between evenness and biomass. However, the former effect was only found in plots with a large dominant species, the latter only in plots without a large dominant species. When species richness, maximum plant size, and variation in size were accounted for, in year 2 evenness positively affected biomass in plots that included a large dominant species. Our results are consistent with the view that naturally uncommon species may be unaffected by (or even benefit from) the presence of a large naturally common species, and that uncommon plants may have little ability to increase productivity in the absence of such a species. We conclude that the observed negative relationship between evenness and biomass resulted from multiple direct and indirect effects, the relative strength of which depended in part on the presence of large dominant species.
A multi-processor system for video coding applications (2002)

Image coding is imperative for successful implementation of visual communications applications. With the emergence of enhanced multimedia technology, numerous video applications have emerged like multimedia conferencing, video on demand and DVDs. Coding is an essential component of all video applications and it becomes necessary to have improved coding techniques for faster applications. This paper discusses how parallel video coding on load balanced multi-processor systems can help in incorporating efficient coding techniques like vector quantization into practical applications. Two parallel processing platforms will be discussed namely the heterogeneous network of workstations and the TI C40 DSP chips. The software platforms used for these are the Parallel Virtual Machines (PVM) programming model and Parallel C respectively. An integration of the two programming models by using a PVM to Parallel C translation and the effect of load balancing for improved performance will also be discussed.
AAV-Mediated Gene Transfer to Mouse Lungs (2004)

The ability of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors to promote persistent gene expression in nondividing cells in multiple somatic tissues of animals (1-4) makes them excellent tools for gene transfer. One tissue of interest for gene transfer is the lung epithelium, which is afflicted in cystic fibrosis (CF). However, although initial animal studies done with vectors based on AAV type 2 have demonstrated transduction in multiple cells types in the lung, the rates were modest in alveolar cells and much lower rates in airway epitheila and required high particle numbers (5-7). In contrast, an AAV6 encapsidated vector showed preferential transduction of epithelial cells in large and small airways (8) at rates that exceeded the 5% efficiency rate predicted to have a therapeutic value for CF gene therapy (9). In fact, recent studies using vectors based on other AAV types showed that types 1-6 have different tissue tropisms (10-15), and that types 5 and 6 are more efficient than type 2 in lung epithelium (8,14). In mouse lung, an AAV2 vector gave modest transduction rates.
Growth of improved quality 3C-SiC films on 6H-SiC substrates (1990)

Previously reported chemical vapor deposition of 3C-SiC on 6H-SiC has resulted in films with a high density of double positioning boundaries (DPBs). We have found that growth on as-grown faces of 6H-SiC crystals can yield films that are largely free of DPBs. The (111) 3C-SiC films, up to 12 μm thick, were evaluated by optical and electron microscopy and low-temperature photoluminescence (LTPL). The LTPL spectra of the films were similar to those of high quality Lely-grown 3C-SiC.
Combination of Multiple predictors to Improve Confidence Measure Based on Local Posterior Probabilities (2006)

Recently local word posterior probabilities computed from word expansion during stack decoding search was proposed to be a confidence measure under real-time condition. However, much approximation in its computation limits its quality. In this paper, we intend to improve its performance by using a decision tree to combine it with other real-time predictors. A series of other predictors are constructed and the experiments on different combination of predictors using the decision tree are carried out. The experimental results show that confidence measure based on local word posterior probability can be improved significantly (18.9% confidence error rate improvement relatively in our experiments) by combining with other real-time predictors. The experiments also show that local posterior probabilities of adjacent words are relatively effective predictors.
Ultrasonic device for the noninvasive diagnosis of compartment syndrome (2003)

An ultrasonic device for the diagnosis of acute compartment syndrome is described and results on six human cadaveric legs are presented. The ultrasonic device uses a pulsed phase locked loop (PPLL) to measure sub-micrometer displacements of the fascia wall. These displacements occur as a result of volume expansion of the muscle compartment of the lower leg and are related to changes in intramuscular pressure (IMP). In the cadaveric tests, the PPLL detected changes in compartment diameter resulting from IMP changes of 1 mmHg and from infusions of 0.25 ml saline increments. Based on these results, the ultrasonic PPLL appears to have the potential to become a low-cost, portable and noninvasive alternative to current methods for diagnosing acute compartment syndrome.
Elastic waves in plates with periodically placed inclusions (1994)

We calculated the frequency ω versus the wave vector K for elastic waves propagating in both thick and thin plates consisting of solid inclusions placed periodically in the host material. We were particularly interested in the possible creation of spectral gaps (stop bands) in all directions of propagation for bending waves. We found that Mo, Fe, steel, or Pb inclusions forming a two dimensional hexagonal lattice in a Lucite host give rise to spectral gaps.
Microfabrication of molecular scale microstructures (1987)

Microfabrication techniques have been used to prepare a new class of molecular scale microporous materials. These materials are formed by chemically etching slots into alternate layers of a lithographically exposed amorphous superlattice cross section. The slot width is accurately controllable from 10 Å to more than 500 Å.
Chemical and Textural Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Effect on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate (2015)

Abstract Metal oxide nanoparticles have been used as burning rate catalysts for ammonium perchlorate (AP) decomposition in composite solid propellants. Though most papers point to the efficiency of different sizes, shapes and compositions, the texture of the agglomerated particles plays an important role in the catalytic efficiency, but this aspect is not always discussed. In this paper, iron oxide and composite iron oxide/silica powders were synthesized in microemulsion systems and their effect on the decomposition of AP was investigated. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) showed that the synthesized powders have an amorphous to nanocrystalline pattern, with Fe 2 O 3 composition. The use of different FT‐IR spectroscopic techniques – transmission, diffuse reflectance (DRIFT) and universal attenuated total reflectance (UATR) – allied to electron microscopy analysis allowed the characterization of the samples’ surface, indicating that silicon oxide forms a thick matrix that covers the iron oxide nanoparticles. Adsorption of N 2 , light scattering and electron microscopy pointed that all samples are formed by mesoporous agglomerated nanoparticles containing micropores indicating that silicon oxide forms a thick matrix that covers the iron oxide nanoparticles. Adsorption of N 2 , pointed that all samples show different microstructures and light scattering indicated results refer to agglomerated particles. Finally, the catalytic effect of the samples on the decomposition of AP was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis coupled to differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), showing that only the high temperature decomposition step of AP was affected by the catalyst, shifting to lower temperatures the higher the surface area of the synthesized iron oxide sample, regardless of the presence of the silica matrix.
Fast assessment of the effect of preventive wide area emergency control (2013)

This paper describes an approach to quick assessment of the effect that a suggested countermeasure would have on the system generators stability margins in respect to aperiodic rotor angle small signal stability. The approach ensures that computational demanding simulations can be avoided to determine whether the suggested counteraction is sufficient to avoid system instability during severely critical operating conditions. The fast assessment of the effect that a countermeasure has on system stability provides an important decision support for the control room personnel in emergency situations. The validity of the suggested approach is proved on the 8 bus test system and IEEE30 bus test system.
Unveiling Access Point Signal Instability in WiFi-Based Passive Sensing (2017)

In the last few years, there has been a growing interest on the usage of passive WiFi signals for detecting and classifying human behavior activities. In most generality, the idea underlying most state of the art approaches is to monitor changes in the Channel State Information (CSI) or equivalent spectral metrics, caused by the different multi- path conditions (and their temporal variations) induced by human activity. The (implicit) underlying intuitive assumption is that, in a static environment, i.e. with no moving humans, the multi-path conditions do not vary, and hence the CSI gathered at the passive receiver side should remain substantially stable in time. Goal of this paper is to document, with an extensive set of experimental measurements, a perhaps surprising result: with modern multi-antenna 802.11n/ac access points, such an intuitive assumption does not seem to hold anymore. Rather, the measured CSI time pattern, which differs for different access point brands, appears to be affected by access points' implementation artifacts. Indeed, our measurements unveil frequent fluctuations of the CSI pattern among multiple ``modes". Albeit still preliminary and, at least in part, still requiring a more thorough understanding (that only the reverse engineering of the access points' implementation may ultimately provide), our measurements unveil a phenomenon which may play havoc with several CSI-based human behavior detection approaches proposed in past works, and especially with those based on CSI measured on data frames, opposed to those based on relatively more stable (but still to be reconsidered in sight of our results) Beacon frames.
Enaminones in the mannich reaction. Part 2. Further investigations of internal mannich reactions (1979)

The reactions of two 3-aminocyclohex-2-enones with formaldehyde have been investigated in detail. The course of each reaction has been followed by u.v. spectroscopy and the conclusions confirmed by chromatography. The gem-dimethyl group of the dimedone derivative directs the reaction to give exclusively the spiran formed by an internal Mannich reaction, but the unsubstituted cyclohexanedione enaminone gives mixtures of spiran and acridinedione derivatives. The results are rationalised on the basis of the different rates of hydrolysis of fhe enaminones.
E-business diffusion among Australian horticulture firms (2009)

The aim of this paper is to understand the extent of e-business utilisation in the horticulture supply chain, an area where there is little research coverage. To achieve this, we assess the current and planned adoption of e-business technologies and functions. Data were collected through a survey of Australian horticulture growers, service providers and industry associations. The findings indicate that, while farm management systems (such as computerised accounting) and mobile technologies are widely diffused, the uptake of e-supply chain technologies is limited. Correspondingly, existing e-business functions are by and large informational and there is a general lack of sense, monitor, track and supply chain coordination and collaboration e-business capabilities. The future doesn't look promising as most of the respondents have neither a plan nor an intention for upgrading the implementation of e-business. Some of the reasons appear to be lack of pressure from market forces and the fact that respondents are yet to be convinced about the value of e-business to generate efficiency and return on investment. The results have established a benchmark that provides an understanding of developments in e-business in agribusiness. Some implications of the results are discussed.