gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controllable Template Synthesis of Superconducting Zn Nanowires with Different Microstructures by Electrochemical Deposition (2005)

A systematic study was conducted on the fabrication, structural characterization, and transport properties of Zn nanowires with diameters between 40 and 100 nm. Zinc nanowires were fabricated by electrodepositing Zn into commercially available polycarbonate (PC) or anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes. By controlling the electrodeposition process, we found that the nanowires can be single-crystal, polycrystalline Zn, crystalline Zn/nanocrystalline ZnO composites, or entirely ZnO. The microstructure and chemistry was characterized by using transmission electron microscopy. Transport studies on single-crystal or polycrystalline Zn nanowire arrays embedded inside the membrane showed that the superconducting transition temperature, Tc, is insensitive to the nanowire diameter and morphology. The superconductivity shows a clear crossover from bulklike to quasi-1D behavior, as evidenced by residual low-temperature resistance, when the diameter of the wires is reduced to 70 nm (20 times smaller than the bulk coherence length).
Feasibility of personalized nonparametric analytics for predictive monitoring of heart failure patients using continuous mobile telemetry (2013)

Nonparametric model-based analytics personalized to the physiology of each patient are investigated for predictive monitoring of exacerbation in heart failure patients at home. Multivariate vital sign data are provided by means of continuous bio-signal acquisition with a mobile phone-based wearable sensor system worn by patients for several hours a day in the home ambulatory environment. Perturbation analysis demonstrates that individual patient physiological behavior is indeed effectively learned by the analytics, with high sensitivity to changes in physiological dynamics. Comparison of the analytics results with absence of unplanned medical events and self-reported wellness during regular patient follow-up demonstrate a very low false alert burden, suggesting this approach is efficient for remote clinical surveillance.
Protein Kinase C-mediated Phosphorylation and Functional Regulation of Dopamine Transporters in Striatal Synaptosomes (1997)

Dopamine transporters (DATs) are members of a family of Na+- and Cl--dependent neurotransmitter transporters responsible for the rapid clearance of dopamine from synaptic clefts. The predicted primary sequence of DAT contains numerous consensus phosphorylation sites. In this report we demonstrate that DATs undergo endogenous phosphorylation in striatal synaptosomes that is regulated by activators of protein kinase C. Rat striatal synaptosomes were metabolically labeled with [32P]orthophosphate, and solubilized homogenates were subjected to immunoprecipitation with an antiserum specific for DAT. Basal phosphorylation occurred in the absence of exogenous treatments, and the phosphorylation level was rapidly increased when synaptosomes were treated with the phosphatase inhibitors okadaic acid or calyculin. Treatment of synaptosomes with the protein kinase C activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also increased the level of phosphate incorporation. This occurred within 10 min and was dosedependent between 0.1 and 1 microM PMA. DAT phosphorylation was also significantly increased by two other protein kinase C activators, (-)-indolactam V and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol. The inactive phorbol ester 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate at 10 microM was without effect, and PMA-induced phosphorylation was blocked by treatment of synaptosomes with the protein kinase C inhibitors staurosporine and bisindoylmaleimide. These results indicate that DATs undergo rapid in vivo phosphorylation in response to protein kinase C activation and that a robust mechanism exists in synaptosomes for DAT dephosphorylation. Dopamine transport activity in synaptosomes was reduced by all treatments that promoted DAT phosphorylation, with comparable dose, time, and inhibitor characteristics. The change in transport activity was produced by a reduction in Vmax with no significant effect on the Km for dopamine. These results suggest that synaptosomal dopamine transport activity is regulated by phosphorylation of DAT and present a potential mechanism for local neuronal control of synaptic neurotransmitter levels and consequent downstream neural activity.
Synthesis and properties of novel electrophosphorescent polymers from quinoline‐ and pyridine‐end‐capped polyfluorenes with rhenium(I) chromophores (2007)

Abstract Novel electrophosphorescent polymers were prepared from quinoline‐ and pyridine‐end‐capped polyfluorenes reacted with 4,4′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridyl (tricarbonyl)rhenium(I) chloride. Fourier transform infrared and photoluminescence spectroscopy confirmed that the rhenium complex was successfully incorporated into the polymer backbones. The energy transfer could be reached by an efficient intramolecular process. The emission contributions of the polyfluorene and organic complex were found from the electroluminescence spectra. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1492–1498, 2007
Structure elucidation of yersiniabactin, a siderophore from highly virulent <i>Yersinia</i> strains (1995)

Abstract From cultures of Yersinia enterocolitica H1852, an iron‐complexing and iron‐transporting compound named yersiniabactin was isolated. The structure of the siderophore was determined by a variety of spectroscopic methods, including 2D NMR experiments on the metal‐free ligand as well as its gallium complex. The metal‐free ligand, derivatives, as well as iron and gallium complexes were examined by high‐resolution FAB‐MS, API‐MS, API‐MS/MS and GC‐MS. The novel siderophore contains a benzene and a thiazolidine ring, as well as two thiazoline rings (Figure 1). Its stereochemistry is noteworthy for the presence of five chiral centers, one of which is considerably epimerized. The compound forms stable complexes with trivalent cations such as ferric iron and gallium.
Managing Canada Geese in Urban Environments (2000)

This manual complements the video, Suburban Goose Management, Searching for Balance, which can be obtained from the Cornell University Resource Center. Phone 607-255-2080 or email resctr@cornell.edu.
Über pflanzliche Herzgifte, XIX. Mitteil.: Die Glykoside der Uzara‐Wurzel (1952)

Abstract Aus dem Extrakt der Uzara‐Wurzel wurden neben dem bekannten Uzarin 3 neue Glykoside isoliert, die die Bezeichnung Xysmalorin, Urezin und Uzarosid erhielten. Letzteres ist ein Triglucosid des Uzarigenins, während die beiden erstgenannten Glykoside sich von 2 neuen Aglykonen, Xysmalogenin und Urezigenin C 23 H 34 O 4 , ableiten. Beide sind mit Uzarigenin isomer und die dazugehörigen Glykoside enthalten wie Uzarin 2 Moll. Glucose. Urezigenin ist das 3(α)‐Isomere des Uzarigenins, beide Aglykone geben das gleiche Keton, während Xysmalogenin sich vom Uzarigenin an wenigstens 2 Asymmetriezentren zu unterscheiden scheint, deren Stellung noch näher zu ermitteln bleibt. Vermutlich ist eine Umkehr sowohl an C 3 wie C 14 erfolgt. Die Abspaltung der Glucose ließ sich in jedem Fall durch Fermentpräparate aus Aspergillus oryzae bewirken. Xysmalorin fand sich auch als die Komponente einer Glykosid‐Fraktion aus Xysmalobium undulatum R. Br. neben Uzarin.
Expression of luteinizing hormone genes in bovine conceptuses (2002)

RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that bovine conceptuses at days 16, 23 and 30 expressed LH-beta-like and glycoprotein hormone alpha-like transcript sequences; adult kidney, liver and brain produced predominantly unspliced products. Sequencing of the LH-beta-like fragment (from conceptuses at day 30) indicated complete homology with the published sequence. In addition, ribonuclease protection assay of RNA samples from bovine conceptuses at day 30 with a bovine LH-beta probe revealed the presence of protected molecules that appeared to be full length. Northern blot analysis of total RNA from conceptuses at day 30 failed to demonstrate the presence of LH-beta or glycoprotein alpha subunit transcripts, whereas both transcripts were readily detected in adult pituitary RNA. Administration of hCG into the uterus of heifers from day 14 to day 16 of the oestrous cycle did not affect circulating progesterone concentrations, whereas the same dose increased progesterone concentrations (P < 0.05) when administered intravenously. These results indicate that the early bovine conceptus transcribes genes encoding LH-alpha and -beta subunits, but at a level unlikely to be of physiological consequence.
Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Central Nervous System: A Focus on Alzheimer's Disease (2018)

The role of diet and gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, has recently come under intense investigation. Studies suggest that human gut microbiota may contribute to the modulation of several neurochemical and neurometabolic pathways, through complex systems that interact and interconnect with the central nervous system. The brain and intestine form a bidirectional communication axis, or vice versa, they form an axis through bi-directional communication between endocrine and complex immune systems, involving neurotransmitters and hormones. Above all, studies suggest that dysbiotic and poorly diversified microbiota may interfere with the synthesis and secretion of neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, gammaaminobutyric acid and N-methyl D-Aspartate receptors, widely associated with cognitive decline and dementia. In this context, the present article provides a review of the literature on the role of the gutbrain axis in Alzheimer's disease.
Perceptual Learning Incepted by Decoded fMRI Neurofeedback Without Stimulus Presentation (2011)

It is controversial whether the adult primate early visual cortex is sufficiently plastic to cause visual perceptual learning (VPL). The controversy occurs partially because most VPL studies have examined correlations between behavioral and neural activity changes rather than cause-and-effect relationships. With an online-feedback method that uses decoded functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals, we induced activity patterns only in early visual cortex corresponding to an orientation without stimulus presentation or participants' awareness of what was to be learned. The induced activation caused VPL specific to the orientation. These results suggest that early visual areas are so plastic that mere inductions of activity patterns are sufficient to cause VPL. This technique can induce plasticity in a highly selective manner, potentially leading to powerful training and rehabilitative protocols.
Exploring the maximum efficiency in infrared-to-visible converting phosphors activated with Er and sensitized with Yb (1971)

Recently developed visible solid state light sources made by coating infrared light emitting diodes with infrared-to-visible converting phosphors appear technologically interesting. However, the maximum achievable performance of these devices has been uncertain since there was no accurate method for extrapolating the nonlinear characteristics of the phosphors. We have developed techniques for exploring the maximum possible efficiencies of these phosphors by exciting them with a tightly focused YA1G:Nd laser operating at 1.06µ. The results of a series of measurements on the brightest phosphor materials available indicate that the ultimate efficiencies are strongly dependent on the host crystal material. Of the materials we have examined, the most efficient hosts are barium yttium fluoride, BaYF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> , and yttrium fluoride, YF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> . The highest attainable efficiency of the latter, defined as the ratio of visible emitted power to incident infrared excitation power, is in excess of 24%. Based on these results and the known performance of GaAs infrared light emitting diodes, we conclude that the overall performance of infrared-to-visible converting phosphor-diode devices should be comparable to the direct visible emitting GaP devices.
Performance Evaluation of Microporous Separator in Fe/V Redox Flow Battery (2013)

The newly developed Fe/V redox flow battery has demonstrated attractive cell performance. However, the deliverable energy density is relatively low. To compete with other redox flow battery systems, cost reduction of the Fe/V system is necessary. This paper describes evaluation of hydrocarbon-based Daramic microporous separators for use in the Fe/V system. Separator B having ion exchange capacity demonstrated excellent capacity retention capability, which exhibited energy efficiency above 65% over a broad temperature range of 5-50 o C and at current densities up to 80mA∙cm -2 . Therefore, this separator shows great potential to replace the highly expensive Nafion membrane. This will drive down the capital cost making the Fe/V system a more promising low-cost energy storage option.
The Elements of a Design Entity (2005)

Any type of organism can be identified by examination of DNA sequences unique to that species. DNA is a substance carrying an organism’s genetic information. My definition of DNA is Designing New Architecture. The purpose is to examine the DesignInc entity to look for the specific features that make up the organisation where the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. As human beings we are 99 per cent similar but the one per cent difference is so complex that it allows for us all to be unique. This is the same for design-based practices, where superficially many firms of architects and urban and interior designers look very similar. In fact, the process and opportunities of design initiatives are so complex that vast differences can be detected if a careful investigative analysis is undertaken.
A Minimal Mathematical Model of Calcium Homeostasis (2002)

A mathematical model of calcium homeostasis is presented in which the controlling factors are the plasma concentrations of calcium, PTH, and calcitriol, and the effector organs are the parathyroids, bone, kidney, and intestine. Other factors can be added as the need arises. The model is aimed at simulating what happens in a single individual, but its parameters and variables were adjusted to the corresponding published average values. Simulations of published observations in humans undergoing the infusion of calcium or its chelators are presented. With a single exception, these simulations provided a good fit to the data. The response of the system to extrinsic perturbations was characterized by simulating chronic infusions of calcium, PTH, and calcitriol. Finally, the steady state response to perturbations in some of its parameters (the secretory mass of the parathyroids and the affinity and/or sensitivity of the calcium, PTH, and calcitriol receptors) and to renal failure were also investigated in an attempt to analyze the pathogenesis of clinical hypo- or hypercalcemias. In its present form the model cannot be used to base clinical decisions in individual cases. However, it requires modest computational resources, and clinicians with a modest mathematical background can manipulate it. It is a useful tool for the analysis of general mechanisms of the diseases of calcium metabolism and for the design of clinical experiments aimed at characterizing these diseases. The model can also be the core of future autoadaptive extensions to be used in individual patients.
DO BIRDS GET HOOKED ON HAND-OUTS? (1994)

Bird lovers opposed to the welfare state can rest easy. American ecologists have found that if you feed birds in the winter, they will not, as most people believe, end up dependent on hand-outs and unable to fend for themselves. Margaret Brittingham and Stanley Temple, of the University of Wisconsin at Madison observed birds visiting a feeder one winter. They found that regular visitors coped with finding food just as well as birds that had never used a feeder (Journal of Field Ornithology, vol 63, p 190).
Anthrax Lethal Toxin Blocks MAPK Kinase-Dependent IL-2 Production in CD4+ T Cells (2005)

Anthrax lethal toxin (LT) is a critical virulence factor that cleaves and inactivates MAPK kinases (MAPKKs) in host cells and has been proposed as a therapeutic target in the treatment of human anthrax infections. Despite the potential use of anti-toxin agents in humans, the standard activity assays for anthrax LT are currently based on cytotoxic actions of anthrax LT that are cell-, strain-, and species-specific, which have not been demonstrated to occur in human cells. We now report that T cell proliferation and IL-2 production inversely correlate with anthrax LT levels in human cell assays. The model CD4+ T cell tumor line, Jurkat, is a susceptible target for the specific protease action of anthrax LT. Anthrax LT cleaves and inactivates MAPKKs in Jurkat cells, whereas not affecting proximal or parallel TCR signal transduction pathways. Moreover, anthrax LT specifically inhibits PMA/ionomycin- and anti-CD3-induced IL-2 production in Jurkat cells. An inhibitor of the protease activity of anthrax LT completely restores IL-2 production by anthrax LT-treated Jurkat cells. Anthrax LT acts on primary CD4+ T cells as well, cleaving MAPKKs and leading to a 95% reduction in anti-CD3-induced proliferation and IL-2 production. These findings not only will be useful in the development of new human cell-based bioassays for the activity of anthrax LT, but they also suggest new mechanisms that facilitate immune evasion by Bacillus anthracis. Specifically, anthrax LT inhibits IL-2 production and proliferative responses in CD4+ T cells, thereby blocking functions that are pivotal in the regulation of immune responses.
Narrow-Flow-Channel-Driven EHD Gas Pump for an Advanced Thermal Management of Microelectronics (2010)

In order to study the feasibility of applying electrohydrodynamic (EHD) gas pumps for advanced thermal management of microelectronics, an experimental investigation was conducted to drive gas flow through a narrow flow channel by an EHD gas pump. The net gas flow induced by corona discharge was generated by a push-fan (PF)-type EHD gas pump with and without a partially covered corona wire and nonparallel ground plate electrodes to transfer gas through millimeter-order circular channels. Therefore, it is important to know the effect of a narrow channel on the characteristics of the EHD gas pump with the corona wire electrode covered. The results show that the effects of narrow circular flow channels significantly influence the flow characteristics of the PF-type EHD gas pump and that the use of an insulator on the corona wire electrode can significantly enhance the current flux density and the pump performance under dc positive applied voltage.
Mechanism for Regulation of the Putrescine Utilization Pathway by the Transcription Factor PuuR in Escherichia coli K-12 (2012)

In Escherichia coli, putrescine is metabolized to succinate for use as a carbon and nitrogen source by the putrescine utilization pathway (Puu pathway). One gene in the puu gene cluster encodes a transcription factor, PuuR, which has a helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif. DNA microarray analysis of an E. coli puuR mutant, in which three amino acid residues in the helix-turn-helix DNA binding motif of PuuR were mutated to alanine to eliminate DNA binding of PuuR, suggested that PuuR is a negative regulator of puu genes. Results of gel shift and DNase I footprint analyses suggested that PuuR binds to the promoter regions of puuA and puuD. The binding of wild-type PuuR to a DNA probe containing PuuR recognition sites was diminished with increasing putrescine concentrations in vitro. These results suggest that PuuR regulates the intracellular putrescine concentration by the transcriptional regulation of genes in the Puu pathway, including puuR itself. The puu gene cluster is found in E. coli and closely related enterobacteria, but this gene cluster is uncommon in other bacterial groups. E. coli and related enterobacteria may have gained the Puu pathway as an adaptation for survival in the mammalian intestine, an environment in which polyamines exist at relatively high concentrations.
In Vitro Study of Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamics in a Shaken Basal Cistern after Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (2012)

From this in vitro study can be inferred that patient or head shaking with large shaking angles at low frequency is a promising therapeutic strategy to increase blood clearance from the subarachnoid space.
Electrochemical vehicle power plants (1968)

The requirement of high energy density for vehicle applications leads to the selection of battery systems made up of light, highly reactive metals found in the upper-left-hand corner of the periodic table for one electrode and the light oxidizers found in the top-right-hand corner of the periodic table for the other electrode. Many of these reactive materials will react with water and hence water-based electrolytes cannot be used in such systems. Electric vehicles also require the battery to have a high power density, which further limits the use of water-based electrolytes. The parameters relevant to achieving high-energy, high-power batteries are discussed in general terms and several systems presently being studied are reviewed.
Massive model visualization using realtime ray tracing (2008)

In the last years real-time ray tracing has become an attractive alternative to rasterization based rendering, particularly for highly complex datasets including both surface and volume data. Ray tracing [7, 15] is a much more flexible rendering algorithm than triangle rasterization found in most of todays graphics cards. Employing it in a real-time context might at first sound a bit surprising as ray tracing is mostly known for its application in high-quality off-line image generation, as e.g. in the motion picture industry. Infamous for its long rendering times, ray tracing was not used for interactive purposes until recently [13, 14, 19]. What makes it attractive for massive model rendering is not only its simplicity and robustness, but especially its versatility.