gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lysosomal Transmembrane Protein LAPTM4B Promotes Autophagy and Tolerance to Metabolic Stress in Cancer Cells (2011)

Amplification of chromosome 8q22, which includes the gene for lysosomal associated transmembrane protein LAPTM4B, has been linked to de novo anthracycline resistance in primary breast cancers with poor prognosis. LAPTM4B overexpression can induce cytosolic retention of anthracyclines and decrease drug-induced DNA damage. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that LAPTM4B may contribute to tumor cell growth or survival in the absence of a chemotherapeutic exposure. In mammary cells, LAPTM4B protein was localized in lysosomes where its depletion increased membrane permeability, pH, cathepsin release, and cellular apoptosis. Loss of LAPTM4B also inhibited later stages of autophagy by blocking maturation of the autophagosome, thereby rendering cells more sensitive to nutrient deprivation or hypoxia. Conversely, enforced overexpression of LAPTM4B promoted autophagic flux and cell survival during in vitro starvation and stimulated more rapid tumor growth in vivo. Together, our results indicate that LAPTM4B is required for lysosome homeostasis, acidification, and function, and that LAPTM4B renders tumor cells resistant to lysosome-mediated cell death triggered by environmental and genotoxic stresses.
Ancient Dunes along the Coast of the Japan Sea (1975)

Ancient Dunes along the coast of Japan Sea are distributed on the frontal edge of the coastal plain and basically restrict the formation of the plain along the coast of Japan Sea.It is believed that the formational ages of the Ancient Dunes are related to those of the terraces. The formation of the Ancient Dunes which develop widely along the coast of Japan Sea followed that of the middle terraces and this fact is observed from Northern Kyushu to Aomori Prefecture, the northernmost Honshu.In Niigata Prefecture, the Ancient Dunes develop in two horizons: the formational ages of high terrace and middle terrace. The former is Syozyojiyama sand bed. The latter is Katamachi sand bed and Banjin sand bed. Syozyojiyama sand bed consists of yellowish grey medium sand with two red soil beds. The sand bed of Ancient Dunes which correlates to Syozyojiyama sand bed has not been reported anywhere on Japan Sea coast.
Bis(diisopropylamino)silylene and Its Dimer (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTBis(diisopropylamino)silylene and Its DimerShinobu Tsutsui, Kenkichi Sakamoto, and Mitsuo KiraView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 38, 9955–9956Publication Date (Web):September 15, 1998Publication History Received2 January 1998Published online15 September 1998Published inissue 1 September 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja980008xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja980008xrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views938Altmetric-Citations96LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Absorption,Chemical structure,Group 14 compounds,Oligomers,Spectroscopy Get e-Alerts
Antitumor activity of metabolites of 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil and related compounds against L1210 leukemia in vivo and L5178Y lymphoma cells in vitro. (1980)

Antitumor activity of metabolites of 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil (HCFU) and related compounds was examined in vivo and in vitro. Carboxypentyl and carboxypropyl carbamoyl derivatives of 5-fluorouracil (FU) were moderately active against L1210 by oral administration but less active by intraperitoneal administration. However, 5-hydroxy- and 5-oxo-hexylcarbamoyl derivatives of FU were markedly or moderately active against the leukemia by both oral and intraperitoneal administrations. Therapeutic ratios for the metabolites were less than that for HCFU by both oral and intraperitoneal administrations. Metabolites of HCFU had growth inhibitory activity against L5178Y in vitro similar to alkylcarbamoyl derivatives of FU. Activity of metabolites was lower than that of FU and higher than that of HCFU in vitro. It means that HCFU is converted into FU through active intermediate metabolites in vivo.
Ghrelin secretion stimulated by β <sub>1</sub> -adrenergic receptors in cultured ghrelinoma cells and in fasted mice (2010)

Ghrelin, an octanoylated peptide hormone produced in the stomach, rises dramatically in mouse plasma during chronic severe calorie deprivation, an event that is essential to maintain life. The mechanism for this increase is not understood. Here, we study the control of ghrelin secretion in tissue culture cells derived from mice bearing ghrelinomas induced by a tissue-specific SV40 T-antigen transgene. We found that the ghrelin-secreting cells express high levels of mRNA encoding beta(1)-adrenergic receptors. Addition of norepinephrine or epinephrine to the culture medium stimulated ghrelin secretion, and this effect was blocked by atenolol, a selective beta(1)-adrenergic antagonist. When WT mice were treated with reserpine to deplete adrenergic neurotransmitters from sympathetic neurons, the fasting-induced increase in plasma ghrelin was blocked. Inhibition was also seen following atenolol administration. We conclude that ghrelin secretion during fasting is induced by adrenergic agents released by sympathetic neurons and acting directly on beta(1) receptors on the ghrelin-secreting cells of the stomach.
An Improved Synthesis of a Hydroxymethyl Tricyclic Ketone from Cyclohexanone, the Key Processes for the Synthesis of a Highly Potent Anti-inflammatory and Cytoprotective Agent (2013)

An improved synthesis of hydroxymethyl tricyclic ketone, (±)-(4a<i>S</i>,8a<i>S</i>)-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,4a-trimethyl-3,4,4a,6,7,8,8a,9,10,10a-decahydrophenanthren-2(1<i>H</i>)-one, in five steps (34% yield) from cyclohexanone has been successfully established. Accordingly, 10 grams of a highly potent anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective agent, (±)-(4b<i>S</i>,8a<i>R</i>,10a<i>S</i>)-10a-ethynyl-4b,8,8-trimethyl-3,7-dioxo-3,4b,7,8,8a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-2,6-dicarbonitrile (TBE-31), was obtained in 15 steps (9.2% overall yield) via the hydroxymethyl tricyclic ketone from 32 grams of cyclohexanone.
Temperature-humidity-bias-behavior and acceleration model for InP planar PIN photodiodes (1996)

The reliability of InP planar PIN photodiodes in humid ambients has been studied. The dependence of the degradation rate in temperature, humidity and bias was determined by aging devices at temperatures between 50 and 150/spl deg/C, humidities between 50 and 85% RH, and biases between 2 and 25 V. Failure occurred as a result of a sudden increased dark current. This increase in dark current had little affect on the device responsivity. At all aging conditions the failure distributions were well represented by a lognormal distribution in time with a dispersion of less than 0.3. From these data, an acceleration factor (AF) was developed and is given by AF=exp(E/kT)exp[A(RH)/sup 2/]exp[B(V)] where E=-0.42 eV, A=-4.6/spl times/10/sup -4/, and B=-6.7/spl times/10/sup -2//V. Extensive failure mode analysis was done on more then 500 failed devices. Based on this, a failure mechanism was proposed. The model requires ingress of moisture to the InP surface. The moisture is reduced at the p-contact region of the device region, giving off hydrogen. Under negative bias In and P react with the hydrogen to form gaseous IH and PH/sub 3/. This lead to the semiconductor erosion. The erosion continues until device failure occurs. The worst case concentrate of PH/sub 3/ which if created would produce less than 0.1 ppb PH/sub 3/ per cm/sup 3/ of air. Thus it is not a fire or health hazard. Finally, we present reliability prediction for nonhermetic PIN's encapsulated in an optically clear silicone based polymer. We estimate a 20 year hazard rate of less than 100 FIT's for devices operating at an ambient of 45/spl deg/C/50% RH. For comparison, the hermetic counterparts of similar design have a 20 year hazard rate of less than 10 FIT's.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks Following Cervical Spine Surgery (2008)

Background: A cerebrospinal fluid leak during cervical spine surgery is a feared complication. However, little is known about the prevalence, management, and long-term course of these events. Methods: The medical records of 1994 patients who had elective cervical spine surgery during an eleven-year period (1994 through 2005) were reviewed. Patients with cervical cerebrospinal fluid leaks identified at the time of surgery were followed both clinically and radiographically for an average of 5.4 years postoperatively. The prevalence, etiology, management, and outcome of all of the cervical cerebrospinal fluid leaks were analyzed. Results: The overall prevalence of cerebrospinal fluid leaks was 1%. The prevalence of cerebrospinal fluid leaks was higher in patients with a diagnosis of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (12.5%), patients having a revision anterior procedure (1.92%), men (1.56%), and patients undergoing an anterior cervical corpectomy and arthrodesis (1.77%). Conclusions: Many cervical dural tears can be managed by observation alone or by placement of a lumbar cerebrospinal fluid shunt either during the index procedure or in the postoperative period. At an average follow-up of 5.4 years, there were no long-term sequelae of the cervical dural tears in our series. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Abnormal Monocyte Chemotactic Response in Cancer Patients (1974)

The in vitro monocyte chemotactic response (MCR) was used to measure effector cell function in 44 cancer patients. Twenty-four of the 44 cancer patients had decreased MCR's, compared to 3 ot 22 normal individuals and 2 of 24 control patients with valvular heart disease. There was a significantly higher incidence of local infection and/or previous granulomatous disease in the cancer patient group with normal MCR's compared to those with low MCR's. This suggests that infection in cancer patients may raise a low MCR to the normal range. Many common medications had no effect on the MCR, with the possible exception of dipyridamole. Abnormal MCR's occurred rarely in patients with minimal disease (stage I), but were found at all other stages. In melanoma patients with recurrent metastatic disease, the appearance of nodal metastases was delayed in patients with normal MCR. Thus decreased MCR is an abnormality that can appear early in the natural history of cancer in humans and may be one indicator ot the effectiveness of host response to the disease.
Introduction (2015)

Abstract The introduction begins with the provision of the 1998 Belfast Agreement in relation to policing and the subsequent Independent Commission on policing for Northern Ireland. It sets out the central issue tackled in the book as to whether the new beginning to policing, as envisaged in the report of the Independent Commission has indeed been delivered. The introduction credits three other expert contributors to the book – Edgar Jardine, Dr Sydney Elliott and Fraser Sampson each of whom wrote part or all of a chapter. It stresses how the work of the Policing Board positively influenced both the peace and political processes in Northern Ireland. Further, it highlights four themes in the book – representativeness in the police service’s composition, human rights policing, holding a police service effectively to account, and dealing with the legacy of over 3,500 deaths during the Troubles. It notes that the detailed issues relating to and arising from the Police Ombudsman’s investigation of the 1998 Omagh bombing, as well as the Ombudsman’s Office are matters for another book. The introduction records that the book is largely written on the basis of the Policing Board’s papers, and should be seen as a tribute to all who have played a part in the progress of policing over the past 15 years.
Micro-perforated structures as sound absorbers - a review and outlook (2006)

Sound absorbers employing micro-perforated panels or foils have long been used as attractive measures in room acoustics. So far, however, all applications have tried to activate the holes in such structures as fluid mass elements in a Helmholtz-resonator arrangement in front of a rigid backing with an air cushion in between acting as a spring element. With a slightly modified realization of the geometry of the micro-holes it now becomes possible to use micro-perforated surface structures as stand-alone, bilaterally active acoustic elements with some obvious practical benefits for their users: the new absorbers function with a minimum of space, material and costs required. Maa's ingenious idea of a sound absorber, which can do without any damping material incorporated in it, has thus found a very useful extension "with immense possibilities ahead" as he put it when reading the manuscript.
Structure Elucidation of Longikaurin G: A New Minor Diterpenoid from<i>Rabdosia longituba</i> (1988)

From the leaves of RABDOSIA LONGITUBA, a new minor diterpenoid, named longikaurin G was isolated and the structure was elucidated as ENT-7beta,20-epoxy-6alpha, 7alpha, 11beta, 14alpha-tetrahydroxykaur-16-en-15-one ( 1) on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.
Crown-ether functionalized fullerene as a solution-processable cathode buffer layer for high performance perovskite and polymer solar cells (2015)

A solution-processable PCBC cathode buffer layer improves the PCE of planar p–i–n perovskite solar cells based on CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3−x</sub>Cl<sub>x</sub>to 15.08%.
Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution of Hydrogen in the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds (1991)

Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution of Hydrogen (VNS) is a valuable tool in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. Its application to the introduction of a variety of substituents to heteroarenes and to the synthesis of heterocyclic rings, such as indoles or quinolines, covering representative examples of reactions, is reviewed. 1. Introduction 2. General Description of the VNS Reaction 3. VNS of Hydrogen in Heteroarenes 3.1. VNS of Hydrogen in the Nitro Derivatives of Heteroarenes 3.2. VNS of Hydrogen in Heteroarenes that do not Contain Activating Substituents 4. Heterocyclic compounds as Nucleophilic Partners in VNS Reactions 5. Synthesis of Heterocyclic Rings via the VNS Reaction
The Rise and Fall of a Dot-Com (2006)

This case study describes the rise and fall of a dot-com in the U.S. furniture industry. Despite its highly trafficked innovative website and deployment of sophisticated technology, it ran into problems coping with overspending, integrating its technology with its subsidiary, suppliers who were wary of channel conflict and customers who were slow to adopt to buying furniture online.
Highly Stretchable and Sensitive Strain Sensors Using Fragmentized Graphene Foam (2015)

Stretchable electronics have recently been extensively investigated for the development of highly advanced human‐interactive devices. Here, a highly stretchable and sensitive strain sensor is fabricated based on the composite of fragmentized graphene foam (FGF) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). A graphene foam (GF) is disintegrated into 200–300 μm sized fragments while maintaining its 3D structure by using a vortex mixer, forming a percolation network of the FGFs. The strain sensor shows high sensitivity with a gauge factor of 15 to 29, which is much higher compared to the GF/PDMS strain sensor with a gauge factor of 2.2. It is attributed to the great change in the contact resistance between FGFs over the large contact area, when stretched. In addition to the high sensitivity, the FGF/PDMS strain sensor exhibits high stretchability over 70% and high durability over 10 000 stretching‐releasing cycles. When the sensor is attached to the human body, it functions as a health‐monitoring device by detecting various human motions such as the bending of elbows and fingers in addition to the pulse of radial artery. Finally, by using the FGF, PDMS, and μ‐LEDs, a stretchable touch sensor array is fabricated, thus demonstrating its potential application as an artificial skin.
Antitumour imidazotetrazines. Part 37. Conjugation of the DNA major-groove alkylating imidazotetrazine mitozolomide to peptide motifs recognizing the minor groove. (1999)

Methods have been developed to conjugate the antitumour imidazotetrazines mitozolomide and temozolomide to DNA minor and major groove-binding peptidic motifs by solid phase peptide synthesis. Side chain deprotection and resin cleavage steps were accomplished under acidic conditions to maintain the structural integrity of the imidazotetrazine nucleus. When mitozolomide was conjugated to the DNA minor groove-binding peptide (SPKK)2-NH2 (3) a strong preference for binding with [dA-dT]2 sequences was observed by circular dichroism studies, consistent with the construct making non-covalent interactions within the minor groove. This conjugate showed a > 100-fold DNA alkylating activity compared with the free imidazotetrazine as measured by a Taq polymerase assay. Unexpectedly, alkylation patterns of all conjugates were nearly identical to those elicited by the major groove interactive agents cisplatin and the unconjugated imidazotetrazines temozolomide and mitozolomide, indicating that covalent modification was restricted to guanine sites in the major groove of DNA irrespective of the targeting property of the peptidic ligand. The electrophilic reactive chloroethyldiazonium ion intermediate formed in the breakdown of the imidazotetrazine ring of mitozolomide (methyldiazonium ion from temozolomide) must be liberated from the DNA-bound conjugate prior to the alkylation event, and must diffuse to and react with more nucleophilic sites in the major groove.
HDL Cholesterol Level Predicts Survival in Men After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery : 20-Year Experience From The Cleveland Clinic Foundation (2000)

HDL-C is an important predictor of survival in post-CABG patients. In this study of >8500 patient-years of follow-up, HDL-C was the most important metabolic predictor of post-CABG survival. One third fewer patients survive at 15 years if their HDL-C levels are </=35 mg/dL at the time of CABG. The measurement of HDL-C provides a compelling strategy for the identification of high-risk subsets of patients who undergo CABG.
MOF-5 Metal−Organic Framework as Sorbent for In-Field Sampling and Preconcentration in Combination with Thermal Desorption GC/MS for Determination of Atmospheric Formaldehyde (2010)

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are one kind of highly porous crystalline materials, which are constructed by metal-containing inorganic nodes and organic linkers. With large surface area and high thermal stability, MOFs have great potential as sorbents for the preconcentration of trace analytes. However, such application of MOFs to the analysis of real samples has not been reported before. Here we report the utilization of MOF-5 as sorbent for in-field sampling and preconcentration of atmospheric formaldehyde before thermal desorption (TD) GC/MS (TD-GC/MS) determination without the need for any chemical derivatization. MOF-5 gave a 53 and 73 times better concentration effect than Tenax TA (organic polymers) and Carbograph 1TD (graphitized carbon black), respectively, for TD-GC/MS determination of formaldehyde. MOF-5 showed good performance for in-field sampling and preconcentration of formaldehyde from air samples with a relative humidity less than 45%. The collected formaldehyde on MOF-5 sorbent was stable for at least 72 h at room temperature before TD-GC/MS analysis. One tube packed with 300 mg of MOF-5 lasted 200 cycles of adsorption/TD without significant loss of collection efficiency. The breakthrough volume of such a tube was 1.2 L of 28.35 mg m(-3) formaldehyde at a sampling flow rate of 100 mL min(-1). The use of MOF-5 for in-field sampling and preconcentration in combination with TD-GC/MS for the determination of formaldehyde offered a linear range covering 3 orders of magnitude, and a detection limit of 0.6 microg m(-3). The precision for six replicate cycles of in-field sampling and preconcentration for TD-GC/MS determination using one 300 mg MOF-5 packed tube ranged from 2.8% to 5.3%. The tube-to-tube reproducibility of three MOF-5 tubes prepared in parallel was 7.7%. The developed method was applied to analysis of local indoor and outdoor air samples for formaldehyde and validated by the standard method TO-11A of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The concentration of formaldehyde and the recovery of spiked formaldehyde in the air samples ranged from 12 to 48 microg m(-3), and from 93% to 107%, respectively.
Large‐Area Organic Solar Cells: Material Requirements, Modular Designs, and Printing Methods (2018)

The printing of large-area organic solar cells (OSCs) has become a frontier for organic electronics and is also regarded as a critical step in their industrial applications. With the rapid progress in the field of OSCs, the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) for small-area devices is approaching 15%, whereas the PCE for large-area devices has also surpassed 10% in a single cell with an area of ≈1 cm<sup>2</sup> . Here, the progress of this fast developing area is reviewed, mainly focusing on: 1) material requirements (materials that are able to form efficient thick active layer films for large-area printing); 2) modular designs (effective designs that can suppress electrical, geometric, optical, and additional losses, leading to a reduction in the PCE of the devices, as a consequence of substrate area expansion); and 3) printing methods (various scalable fabrication techniques that are employed for large-area fabrication, including knife coating, slot-die coating, screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, flexographic printing, pad printing, and brush coating). By combining thick-film material systems with efficient modular designs exhibiting low-efficiency losses and employing the right printing methods, the fabrication of large-area OSCs will be successfully realized in the near future.
Tree Slotted Aloha: a New Protocol for Tag Identification in RFID Networks (2006)

In this paper, we approach the problem of identifying a set of objects in an RFID network. We propose a modified version of slotted aloha protocol to reduce the number of transmission collisions. All tags select a slot to transmit their ID by generating a random number. If there is a collision in a slot, the reader broadcasts the next identification request only to tags which collided in that slot. Simulation results show that our approach performs better than framed slotted aloha and query tree based protocols, in terms of number of slots needed to identify all tags, which is a commonly used metric, strictly related to delay