gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant effects of nonionic block polymer surfactants on liposome-induced humoral immune response. (1987)

The ability of several surface-active agents to stimulate the humoral immune response in mice against haptenated liposomes was tested. The surfactants were block copolymers of hydrophilic polyoxyethylene (POE) and hydrophobic polyoxypropylene (POP) that differed in m.w., percentage of POE, and mode of linkage of POP to POE. The liposomes were haptenated with tripeptide-enlarged dinitrophenyl coupled to phosphatidylethanolamine, which was incorporated into the liposomal membrane. Additional injection of mice with surfactant stimulated serum hemagglutination titers and splenic plaque-forming cell (PFC) numbers to varying extents. Block polymers with POP chains flanking a POE center, as well as polymers with POE chains flanking a POP center, displayed high adjuvant activity. These block polymers stimulated the antibody response in a dose-dependent manner. They stimulated the antibody response with both high and low antigen doses. Furthermore, the addition of one of these adjuvants (25R1) reduced the amount of carrier lipid required in the liposome in order to obtain an optimal antibody response. The surfactants, which displayed high adjuvant activity, did not interfere with liposome stability as measured with a liposome lysis assay. Moreover, in vitro preincubation of liposomes with a block polymer did not affect their immunogenicity. Optimal adjuvant activity was observed when both adjuvant and liposomes were administered by the same route. Simultaneous injection of both components, however, is not a prerequisite. Conclusively, it can be stated that nonionic block polymer surfactants are potent adjuvants for stimulation of the antibody response against haptenated liposomes.
Nested Configuration of Silicon Microring Resonator With Multiple Coupling Regimes (2013)

We propose and demonstrate a nested configuration of a silicon microring resonator possessing multiple coupling regimes in one passive device. For different resonance notches of the transmission intensity spectrum, diverse notch depths and bandwidths owing to multiple coupling regimes are designed and experimentally achieved. The phase response of the proposed configuration is also investigated. Experimental observation of fast and slow lights at different resonance wavelengths further verifies the realization of multiple coupling regimes.
Quantitative Evaluation of Voltage-Induced Magnetic Anisotropy Change by Magnetoresistance Measurement (2011)

International audience
Collaborative visualization and modeling (2002)

Rapid advances in computing hardware (workstations, PCs), infrastructure (networks, cable, telephone), product development software (geometric modeling, process simulations, graphics), and business models (emerging economies, international currency exchange) have provided the raw material to support true globalization of product development. This globalization in turn raises a strong need for members of an enterprise (design, manufacturing maintenance, sales, management) to exchange product information in a concurrent manner and collaborate throughout the life cycle of families of products. We summarize some of the key issues in computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) related to product development, and then cover some of our ongoing work in collaborative visualization and modeling. On visualization, we cover the collaborative aspects of: (a) geometry based rendering (3DIX) and (b) image based rendering (PanoramIX), and on modeling: (c) solid modeling (procedural solids, shape control), (d) real time reverse engineering (3D reconstruction), and (e) product data management (PM).
Variance with alternative scramblings of digital nets (2003)

There have been many proposals for randomizations of digital nets. Some of those proposals greatly reduce the computational burden of random scrambling. This article compares the sampling variance under different scrambling methods. Some scrambling methods adversely affect the variance, even to the extent of deteriorating the rate at which variance converges to zero. Surprisingly, a new scramble proposed here, has the effect of improving the rate at which the variance converges to zero, but so far, only for one dimensional integrands. The mean squared L 2 discrepancy is commonly used to study scrambling schemes. In this case, it does not distinguish among some scrambles with different convergence rates for the variance.
High-power picosecond fiber amplifier based on nonlinear spectral compression (2005)

We report on the rare-earth-doped fiber-based generation of nearly transform-limited 10-ps pulses based on self-phase-modulation-induced spectral compression. An ytterbium-doped low nonlinearity photonic crystal fiber is used as a gain medium. An average power of as much as 97 W at a repetition rate of 47 MHz, corresponding to a peak power as high as 200 kW, was obtained. Furthermore, efficient second-harmonic generation by application of this high-power laser source is discussed.
SPMF: a Java open-source pattern mining library (2014)

We present SPMF, an open-source data mining library offering implementations of more than 55 data mining algorithms. SPMF is a cross-platform library implemented in Java, specialized for discovering patterns in transaction and sequence databases such as frequent itemsets, association rules and sequential patterns. The source code can be integrated in other Java programs. Moreover, SPMF offers a command line interface and a simple graphical interface for quick testing. The source code is available under the GNU General Public License, version 3. The website of the project offers several resources such as documentation with examples of how to run each algorithm, a developer's guide, performance comparisons of algorithms, data sets, an active forum, a FAQ and a mailing list.
Effectiveness of Offshore Three-Dimensional Seismic Surveys: Case Histories: ABSTRACT (1985)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Electrochemical Behavior of Lithium Carbonate in KCl-LiCl Melt (2005)

The electrochemical behavior of Li_2CO_3 in KCl-LiCl melt was investigated by continuous pulse-oscillograph and potential sweep. It was found that there is a peak of oxidation current ahead of the potential at which the negative chlorine ions precipitate and the current peak is caused by the CO_2 which is produced by the O~(2-) ionic discharge due to Li_2CO_3 addition. In the KCl-LiCl system the back EMF increases with increasing current density, but the back EMF will decrease greatly at the same current density if adding Li_2CO_3. Using Li_2CO_3 instead of LiCl as the raws material in metallic lithium production by galvanolysis is regarded as the new trend of lithium galvanolysis because Li_2CO_3 will not only minimize the environmental pollution but also reduce the cost.
Restoration of Circadian Rhythmicity in Circadian Clock-Deficient Mice in Constant Light (2006)

In mammals, circadian rhythms in behavior and physiology are controlled by a central pacemaker, the SCN, and subordinated clocks throughout the body. On the molecular level, these clocks are based on transcriptional/translational feedback loops involving a set of clock genes that regulate their own transcription. Among the components driving the mammalian circadian clock are the Period 1 and 2 (Per1 and Per2) and Cryptochrome 1 and 2 (Cry1 and Cry2) genes. In the present study, the authors characterize the behavioral and molecular rhythms of Per2/Cry1 double mutant mice under 3 different lighting conditions. In an LD cycle, the activity of these animals is masked by light, while in DD, the mutants lose circadian rhythmicity but exhibit strong ultradian rhythms. In LL of higher intensity, circadian rhythms are restored on the behavioral level with a drastically shortened endogenous period. Furthermore, both in the SCN and in the periphery, clock gene rhythms are restored. Based on these observations and also on the fact that light-mediated induction of Per gene expression is preserved in these mutants, the authors propose a mechanism by which endogenous ultradian rhythms may relay timed light exposure to the SCN, leading to a reinitiation of self-sustained circadian rhythms in LL.
Exploration of the speleotherapeutic potential through the cellular and molecular biology techniques- (2011)

Objective: Exploring the speleotherapy effects on morphology and physiology of dermal and pulmonary fibroblast obtained from Wistar rats tissue in normal conditions and after induction of experimental “astma” awareness with ovalbumin. Materials and methods: Before initiation of dermal and pulmonary fibroblast cultures, 60 of Wistar rats 75-100 g were divided into two groups: control and sensitized with ovalalbumin. 10 animals of each group were sent to Cacica and Dej salt mines and maintained in a speleotherapy regime. Another 10 animals in each group were monitored separately in INRMFB Biobase . Dermal and pulmonary fibroblast cultures were initiated by enzymatic techniques from appropriate tissue taken of each group Wistar rats. Morphological monitoring was done by phase contast microscopy; biochemical and molecular changes of cultures obtained from animals treated speleothropic compared to control, was experimental establised by electrophoresis and Western Blotting techniques.Results: Experimental data revealed the expression of several proteins after the speleotherapeutic treatment. These data were analysed compared with control, using a specific software.Conclusions: Speleotherapeutic treatment of Wistar rats caused significant differences in morphology and protein expression of dermal and pulmonary fibroblatst grown in the laboratory. These differences support the protective effects of speleotherapy compared with data obtained from animals untreated and sensitized with ovalbumin, having induced experimental asthma status.
Managing Trusted Keys in Internet-Scale Systems (2009)

This paper considers a fundamental problem facing all applications that rely on public key cryptography: how to obtain, verify, and maintain the set of trusted public keys. Without some notion of where to find the right keys or which keys can be trusted, an adversary can create false keys, trick users into accepting the false keys, and impersonate legitimate online parties. Unfortunately, the problem of obtaining and managing trusted keys is made challenging by Internet's lack of a central authority: Generally speaking, there is no single point of authority to issue lists of trusted PGP keys, or SSL certificates, or DNSSEC keys for the entire Internet. In this work we explore a new direction to address the challenge of distributing and maintaining trusted keys. First, we note many of today's more successful Internet cryptographic systems (such as the SSL and PGP) use various forms of locally trusted key lists.
Use of the Articulation Index to Design a Wavelet Packet-Based Method for Improving Speech Intelligibility (2007)

Speech transients are important cues for identifying and discriminating speech sounds, and several studies have suggested that selective amplification of these transients can improve the intelligibility of speech in noise. This paper describes an improved version of a wavelet-based method for extracting transient speech that we described in [9] and the use of the articulation index to select optimal parameters for the method. The new method combines subband decomposition by wavelet packets and transition rate characterization based on the first derivative of short-time energy. The method also incorporates a threshold which, when varied, controls the amount of quasi-steady-state activity that is included in the transient speech signal. The speech modification scheme is optimized and intelligibility improvement is estimated using the articulation index.
Evidence for common binding sites for ferrichrome compounds and bacteriophage phi 80 in the cell envelope of Escherichia coli (1975)

Mutants ton A and ton B of Escherichia coli K12, known to be resistant to bacteriophage phi80, were found to be insensitive as well to albomycin, an analogue of the specific siderochrome ferrichrome. Ferrichrome at micromolar concentrations strongly inhibited plaque production by phi80. Preincubation with ferrichrome did not inactivate the phage. At a concentration at which ferrichrome allowed 90% inhibition of plaque formation, the chromium analogue of ferrichrome showed no detectable activity. Similarly, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ferrichrome A, and certain siderochromes structurally distinct from ferrichrome, such as ferrioxamine B, schizokinen, citrate, and enterobactin, did not show detectable inhibitory activity. However, rhodotorulic acid showed moderate activity. A host range mutant of phi80, phi80h, was also inhibited by ferrichrome, as was a hybrid of phage lambda possessing the host range of phi80. However, phage lambdacI- and a hybrid of phi80 possessing the host range of lambda were not affected by ferrichrome. Finally, ferrichrome and chromic deferriferrichrome were shown to inhibit adsorption of phi80 to sensitive cells, ferrichrome giving 50% inhibition of adsorption at a minimal concentration of 8 nM. It is suggested that a component of the ferrichrome uptake system may reside in the outer membrane of E. coli K12 and may also function as a component of the receptor site for bacteriophage phi80, and that ferrichrome inhibition of the phage represents a competition for this common site.
Epidermal growth factor receptor analyses in colorectal cancer: A comparison of methods (2006)

EGFR immunohistochemistry (IHC) status is not a reliable predictive marker for response to EGFR-targeted therapies. The present study compares the EGFR status at DNA, RNA and protein level. Blood samples, corresponding normal colon and colorectal cancer tissue were collected from 199 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. EGFR status was evaluated by FISH analysis, real-time RT-PCR, ELISA and IHC. A polymorphism in the EGFR promoter was evaluated by PCR analysis. The EGFR levels by different methods were mutually compared. Seventy-eight percent of primary tumours and corresponding lymph nodes had equivalent EGFR status (28/34). There was a tendency to higher median protein level (by ELISA) in IHC positive patients compared to IHC negative patients (p=0.086). The median EGFR gene expression level was significantly lower in tumours than in the normal colon with no difference according to IHC status. No tumours had increased gene copy number by FISH. EGFR Sp1-216 polymorphism analysis showed a tendency for different EGFR tumour protein levels and gene expression levels according to the different genotypes. The results show a poor correlation between EGFR status at DNA, RNA and protein level. The predictive value of a combination of methods needs further evaluation in the clinical setting.
Cepacidine A, a novel antifungal antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas cepacia. I. Taxonomy, production, isolation and biological activity. (1994)

Cepacidine A is a potent antifungal antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas cepacia AF 2001. The compound was isolated from the fermentation broth with 1 vol isopropyl alcohol, followed by the collection of the precipitation formed upon concentration of the extract. Purification was effected by chromatography on Diaion HP-20, alumina and reversed phase C18 followed by TLC on silica gel. These techniques afforded the two closely related compounds, cepacidine A1 and cepacidine A2. A mixture of these two compounds called capacidine A, showed high in vitro antifungal activity against the various animal and plant pathogenic fungi. The activity was diminished by the presence of serum. No antibacterial activity was demonstrable.
Channel Estimation in Broadband Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems With Few-Bit ADCs (2017)

We develop a broadband channel estimation algorithm for millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems with few-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Our methodology exploits the joint sparsity of the mmWave MIMO channel in the angle and delay domains. We formulate the estimation problem as a noisy quantized compressed-sensing problem and solve it using efficient approximate message passing (AMP) algorithms. In particular, we model the angle-delay coefficients using a Bernoulli-Gaussian-mixture distribution with unknown parameters and use the expectation-maximization forms of the generalized AMP and vector AMP algorithms to simultaneously learn the distributional parameters and compute approximately minimum mean-squared error (MSE) estimates of the channel coefficients. We design a training sequence that allows fast, fast Fourier transform based implementation of these algorithms while minimizing peak-to-average power ratio at the transmitter, making our methods scale efficiently to large numbers of antenna elements and delays. We present the results of a detailed simulation study that compares our algorithms to several benchmarks. Our study investigates the effect of SNR, training length, training type, ADC resolution, and runtime on channel estimation MSE, mutual information, and achievable rate. It shows that, in a mmWave MIMO system, the methods we propose to exploit joint angle-delay sparsity allow 1-bit ADCs to perform comparably to infinite-bit ADCs at low SNR, and 4-bit ADCs to perform comparably to infinite-bit ADCs at medium SNR.
Sul "Soft Power": Alcune Osservazioni (2015)

Few categories of the social sciences have been so successful as “soft power” to become a household word among politicians, political commentators, and practitioners of (what today is called) public diplomacy in such a short time. Coined by Joseph Nye in the late 1980s, “soft power” seeks to conceptualize a dimension of power that does not rest on carrots and sticks (that is, on the ability to coerce or induce through rewards), but on attraction, and it does so in order to explain the ability of actors in the international system, mainly states, to guide and lead others. This essay provides a brief outline of Nye’s theoretical propositions before discussing an inherent vagueness, which (we argue) tends to lead to conceptual blurriness when “soft power” is put to analyze phenomena in the real world, including inter- American relations. There are very good reasons for “soft power” to have found ready acceptance well beyond the academic community, we suggest, but in the end this approach does not provide the analytical tools it seems to promise.
Effect of surface treatment on the shear bond strength of a resin-based cement to porcelain (2006)

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength of a resin-based cement to porcelain. Sixty pairs of 50% aluminous porcelain discs were fabricated. In each pair, one disc measured 6 mm in diameter X 3 mm thickness (A) and the other measured 3 mm in diameter X 3mm thickness (B). The specimens were randomly assigned to 6 groups (n=10 pairs of discs), according to the surface treatment: etching with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 2 or 4 min (G1 and G2); 50-microm particle aluminum oxide sandblasting for 5 s (G3); sandblasting followed by etching for 2 or 4 min (G4 and G5) and control--no treatment (G6). A silane agent was applied to the treated surface of both discs of each pair. Bistite II DC dual-cure resin cement was applied and the B discs were bonded to their respective A discs. Specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 h and were tested in shear strength at a crosshead speed of 2 mm/min. Means in MPa were: G1: 14.21 +/- 4.68; G2: 8.92 +/- 3.02; G3: 10.04 +/- 2.37; G4: 12.74 +/- 5.15; G5: 10.99 +/- 3.35; G6: 6.09 +/- 1.84. Data were compared by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at 5% significance level. Bond strength recorded after 2-min acid etching was significantly higher than 4-min etching (p<0.05) and control (p<0.05), but did not differ significantly from sandblasting alone (p>0.05) or followed by etching for 2 or 4 min (p>0.05). Within the limitations of an in vitro study, it may be concluded that 2-min hydrofluoric acid etching produced a favorable micromechanical retention that enhanced resin cement bond strength to porcelain.
Mismatch Repair Balances Leading and Lagging Strand DNA Replication Fidelity (2012)

The two DNA strands of the nuclear genome are replicated asymmetrically using three DNA polymerases, α, δ, and ε. Current evidence suggests that DNA polymerase ε (Pol ε) is the primary leading strand replicase, whereas Pols α and δ primarily perform lagging strand replication. The fact that these polymerases differ in fidelity and error specificity is interesting in light of the fact that the stability of the nuclear genome depends in part on the ability of mismatch repair (MMR) to correct different mismatches generated in different contexts during replication. Here we provide the first comparison, to our knowledge, of the efficiency of MMR of leading and lagging strand replication errors. We first use the strand-biased ribonucleotide incorporation propensity of a Pol ε mutator variant to confirm that Pol ε is the primary leading strand replicase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We then use polymerase-specific error signatures to show that MMR efficiency in vivo strongly depends on the polymerase, the mismatch composition, and the location of the mismatch. An extreme case of variation by location is a T-T mismatch that is refractory to MMR. This mismatch is flanked by an AT-rich triplet repeat sequence that, when interrupted, restores MMR to > 95% efficiency. Thus this natural DNA sequence suppresses MMR, placing a nearby base pair at high risk of mutation due to leading strand replication infidelity. We find that, overall, MMR most efficiently corrects the most potentially deleterious errors (indels) and then the most common substitution mismatches. In combination with earlier studies, the results suggest that significant differences exist in the generation and repair of Pol α, δ, and ε replication errors, but in a generally complementary manner that results in high-fidelity replication of both DNA strands of the yeast nuclear genome.
Interfacial and annealing effects on magnetic properties of CoFeB thin films (2006)

The interfacial and annealing effects on magnetic properties of CoFeB thin films with Ta and Ru interfaces were investigated. It is found that the thickness of magnetically dead layer of as-deposited CoFeB film strongly depends on the interfaces. After annealing above 150°C boron atoms seem to diffuse out of CoFeB film and the effective saturation magnetization of CoFeB film increases with annealing temperature and annealing time. In addition, CoFeB film with Ta interfaces remains amorphous while that with Ru interfaces starts to crystallize during the annealing above 250°C. Furthermore, the annealing-induced anisotropy field of CoFeB film can be modified by using different seed and capping materials.
Effects of Halogen Introduction at the C5 Position of the Imidacloprid Pyridine Ring upon Insecticidal Activity (2005)

Following a recent report of unexpectedly high affinity of 5-azidoimidacloprid to insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, derivatives with four halogen atoms and cyano and nitro were prepared, and the insecticidal effect was evaluated in American cockroaches by injection alone and with synergists, piperonyl butoxide and propargyl propyl benzenephosphonate. The log (1/MLD) value, the minimal lethal dose in mol, was 8.96 for imidacloprid, and 8.82 for the fluoro derivative. The other derivatives were less active. Synergists enhanced the activity of all compounds. The log (1/MLD) value for 5-azidoimidacloprid, 7.37 without or 8.18 with synergists, was not striking in this experiment. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan