gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The variable response of plaque psoriasis after a single treatment with topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (1997)

We have investigated the clinical response of 22 patients with plaque psoriasis to photodynamic therapy using topical application of 5-aminolaevulinic acid followed by a single exposure to broad-band visible radiation. Light doses in the range 2-16 J/cm2 delivered at dose of 10-40 mW/ cm2 resulted in a variable clinical response. Seven (35%) patients showed clearing of psoriasis at some treated sites. The intensity of protoporphyrin IX fluorescence was recorded before, during and after treatment. Pre-illumination fluorescence intensity varied considerably between sites on the same patient and between patients. Protoporphyrin IX fluorescence recovered and persisted after treatment for up to 14 days and became higher than preillumination levels at 25% of sites. The rate of protoporphyrin IX photo-oxidation during treatment was proportional to both initial fluorescence intensity and incident light dose rate and was almost complete after 16 J/cm2. We have defined the photodynamic dose as the product of time-dependent protoporphyrin IX concentration and light dose and demonstrated that only in those patients who showed clearance of psoriasis was there a relationship between photodynamic dose and clinical response. Discomfort ranged from stinging through to burning, was significant in some patients and tended to be more severe with increasing photodynamic dose but was not predictable. Efficacy may improve by achieving consistent protoporphyrin IX levels or by using multiple treatments.
The TUM Approach to the MediaEval Music Emotion Task Using Generic Affective Audio Features (2013)

This paper describes the TUM approach for the MediaEval Emotion in Music task which consists of non-prototypical music retrieved from the web, annotated by crowdsourcing. We use Support Vector Machines and BLSTM recurrent neural networks for static and dynamic arousal and valence regression. A generic set of acoustic features is used that has been proven effective for affect prediction across multiple domains. In the result, the best models explain 64 and 48 % of the annotations ’ variance for arousal and valence in the static case, and an average Kendall’s tau with the songs’ emotion contour of.18 and.12 is achieved in the dynamic case. 1.
Successful Treatment of Kaposi's Sarcoma with a Combination of Antiviral Drug Therapy and Chemotherapy: Two Case Reports (1998)

successful treatment of KS with a combination of chemotherapy Successful Treatment of Kaposi's Sarcoma with a and an antiviral drug, as confirmed by the failure to detect HHV-Combination of Antiviral Drug Therapy and 8 DNA in PBMCs with use of PCR, and by the remission of
Fundamental limits to EUV photoresist (2007)

Recent experimental results indicate that current resists lack the ability to simultaneously meet the 2005 International Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) goals for Resolution, Line Edge Roughness (LER) and Sensitivity (RLS). This RLS tradeoff has also been demonstrated through modeling work. Here we use a model to explore the impact on the RLS tradeoff of anisotropic acid diffusion and increased quantum yield. We show that both these effects can significantly improve the RLS tradeoff.
Nitrophorin-2:  A Novel Mixed-Type Reversible Specific Inhibitor of the Intrinsic Factor-X Activating Complex (1998)

Nitrophorin-2 (NP-2), isolated from salivary glands of the blood-sucking insect Rhodnius prolixus, has been shown to be a specific inhibitor of the intrinsic factor X-(FX)-activating complex. The inhibitory effect of NP-2 is most potent in the presence of both FVIIIa and phospholipids (artificial phospholipid vesicles or activated human platelets). Detailed kinetic analyses of the inhibitory mechanism of NP-2 demonstrated a decrease in both Vmax and K(m) of activated FIX-(FIXa)-catalyzed FX activation in the presence of FVIIIa and phospholipid vesicles, characteristic of a hyperbolic mixed-type reversible inhibitor. NP-2 exhibits a higher binding affinity for the enzyme-substrate complex, i.e., FIXa/FVIIIa/ Ca2+/phospholipids/FX complex (Ki' = 6.2 nM) than for the enzyme complex, i.e., FIXa/FVIIIa/Ca2+/ phospholipids (Ki = 16.5 nM). The same inhibitory kinetic mechanism is valid in platelet-mediated FIXa-catalyzed FX activation (Ki' = 5.9 nM and Ki = 12.6 nM, respectively). The fact that NP-2 increases the concentrations (EC50) of FIXa, FVIIIa, and phospholipid vesicles required for half-maximal rates of FX activation suggests that NP-2 interferes with the functioning of all three major components of the intrinsic FX-activating complex. NP-2 was found to inhibit FX activation when either phospholipids or FVIIIa are present, but not in the absence of both factors. Taken together, we conclude that NP-2 is a unique, potent, and highly specific inhibitor of the intrinsic FX-activating complex that inhibits FIXa bound either to the phospholipid or activated platelet surface or to the cofactor FVIIIa by interfering with the assembly of FX-activating complex on these surfaces.
Usefulness of VeSTIC devices for low-noise and radiation hard 3D integrated circuits (2014)

VeSTIC technology [1, 2] is a very promising concept of digital, analog and mixed mode ICs design, providing very large scale of integration, extreme layout regularity, as well as the possibility of manufacturing cost reduction and of fully three-dimensional integration. These features seem to be very attractive also in the case of MEMS systems, in particular MAP sensors. With regard to prospective applications, a first insight to noise spectra and radiation hardness of the field-effect VeSTIC devices has been performed and confirms their usefulness.
Pseudo-peptides in drug discovery (2004)

Preface.List of Contributors.1. Versatile Oligo(N-Substituted) Glycines: The Many Roles of Peptoids in Drug Discovery (J. Patch, et al.). 2. s-Peptides, y-Peptides and Isosteric Backbones: New Scaffolds with Controlled Shapes for Mimicking Protein Secondary Structure Elements (G. Guichard).3. Regulation of Gene Expression with Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamides (P. Dervan, et al.).4. Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA): A Pseudo-peptide with DNA-like Properties (P. Nielsen, et al.). 5. a-Helical Peptide Nucleic Acids (aPNAs) (P. Garner, et al.). 6. DNA and RNA-cleaving Pseudo-peptides (A. Scarso & P. Scarso).Subject Index.
Animal Models of Restenosis: Myth or Reality (1996)

Recurrent atherosclerotic plaque growth, restenosis, continues to be a significant problem, severely limiting the usefulness of interventions such as balloon angioplasty. Percutaneous angioplasty is designed to open narrowed or occluded arteries that cause acute heart attacks, but 30-50% of angioplasty vessels reocclude within 6 months. In this paper we review the animal models of atherosclerosis and restenosis. None of the models currently in use is entirely acceptable or accurate for the study of new therapeutic approaches to the treatment of restenosis. In this review we discuss the basis of native and induced atherosclerosis for each animal model and the success rate for each model in the prediction of clinical efficacy is then examined. The issues of single versus multiple arterial injury models as well as coronary versus peripheral arterial models are also examined. We also address the potential use of in vitro organ and cell coculture testing of new anti-restenosis agents. We have concluded after this extensive review that there is no animal model system with proven predictive accuracy in testing new agents. Further, the use of multiple injury models versus single injury models is not established. The swine and nonhuman primate models have the highest predictive accuracy, but the primate model has many inherent difficulties. The rat, rabbit, and avian models have selective use for assessment of new pharmaceutical agents and interventional devices. Final analysis of any agent as a treatment for restenosis requires clinical testing for a assessment of efficacy.
Gold Nanoparticle/Polyphenylene Dendrimer Composite Films: Preparation and Vapor‐Sensing Properties (2002)

Layer-by-layer assembly of gold nanoparticle/dendrimer composite films is described in this article. Crosslinking the nanoparticles through disulfide-functionalized polyphenylene dendrimers enables well-controlled film deposition and serves to mechanically reinforce the film material. Chemiresistors based on such films (see Figure) display short response times, high sensitivity to volatile organic compounds, and a desirable low sensitivity to humidity.
MK2 inhibitor reduces alkali burn-induced inflammation in rat cornea (2016)

MK2 activation by p38 MAPK selectively induces inflammation in various diseases. We determined if a MK2 inhibitor (MK2i), improves cornea wound healing by inhibiting inflammation caused by burning rat corneas with alkali. Our study, for the first time, demonstrated that MK2i inhibited alkali burn-induced MK2 activation as well as rises in inflammation based on: a) blunting rises in inflammatory index, inflammatory cell infiltration, ED1(+) macrophage and PMN(+) neutrophil infiltration; b) suppressing IL-6 and IL-1β gene expression along with those of macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1); c) reducing angiogenic gene expression levels and neovascularization (NV) whereas anti-angiogenic PEDF levels increased. In addition, this study found that MK2i did not affect human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) proliferation and migration and had no detectable side effects on ocular surface integrity. Taken together, MK2i selectively inhibited alkali burn-induced corneal inflammation by blocking MK2 activation, these effects have clinical relevance in the treatment of inflammation related ocular surface diseases.
Study of a CPW inductively coupled slot antenna (1999)

Coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed slot antennas are attractive due to fabrication simplicity and ease of integration with active devices. A new concept for exciting slots with a CPW line based on inductive coupling is presented. It is described how this coupling structure can be designed to tune the impedance of the antenna over a wide range. Single elements and arrays designed for 5- and 25-GHz operation are described. Simulated and measured characteristics are presented. This new coupling topology is particularly suitable for series-fed array configurations and broad-band design.
Failure of Talc Pleurodesis Is Associated with Increased Pleural Fibrinolysis (1995)

Diffuse pleural inflammation and fibrin deposition following the instillation of the sclerosing agent is considered necessary for a successful pleural symphysis. We hypothesized that an impairment in fibrin formation or an increased endopleural fibrinolysis would lead to failure of pleurodesis. To investigate changes in the pleural coagulation/fibrinolysis balance, we studied 75 consecutive patients who underwent thoracoscopy. Fifty-four of these patients with malignant pleural effusions and four with a benign recurrent effusion underwent thoracoscopic talc pleurodesis. Another four patients with malignancy and 13 with benign effusions had no talc poudrage performed and were included as a control group. Serial determinations of thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), and D-dimer were made in pleural fluid samples taken at the beginning of thoracoscopy (baseline), immediately after thoracoscopic biopsies had been done (postbiopsy), 3 h after thoracoscopy--either with talc poudrage or without--and 24 and 48 h after the procedure, as well as in cases of recurrence of effusions (farline). Successful pleurodesis was obtained in 42 of 52 patients who could be evaluated (81%), and failure was seen in 10. Strong activation of coagulation and production of PAI was observed in all groups, including the control (no talc) group. Fibrinolytic activity (as expressed by D-dimer levels) showed a clear decline 24 h after talc poudrage in patients with a good outcome of pleurodesis, as oppossed to those with bad results and to the control group, and returned to the baseline by 15 d. We conclude that increased pleural fibrinolytic activity is associated with failure of pleurodesis, despite significant inhibitory activity of PAI in all groups.
Input precision for gaze-based graphical passwords (2010)

Click-based graphical passwords have been proposed as alternatives to text-based passwords, despite being potentially vulnerable to shoulder-surfing, where an attacker can learn passwords by watching or recording users as they log in. Cued Gaze-Points (CGP) is a graphical password system which defends against such attacks by using eye-gaze password input, instead of mouse-clicks. A first user study revealed that CGP's unique use of eye tracking required special techniques to improve gaze precision. In this paper, we present two enhancements that we developed and tested: a nearest-neighbour gaze-point aggregation algorithm and a 1-point calibration before each password entry. We found that these enhancements made a substantial improvement to users' gaze accuracy and system usability.
Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species by A Nonpeptidyl Mimic of Superoxide Dismutase Cures Acetaminophen–Induced Acute Liver Failure in the Mouse (2001)

Drug-induced acute liver failure (ALF) is a devastating and often fatal disease mainly caused by poisoning by acetaminophen (APAP). The toxic metabolite, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone-imine (NAPQI), that leads to gluthatione depletion has been suspected to be the main effector of hepatocyte apoptosis during APAP-induced ALF. We have investigated whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) also play a role in APAP-induced ALF, and whether manganese III tetrakis (5,10,15,20 benzoic acid) (MnTBAP), a mimic of superoxide dismutase (SOD) with catalase-like activity, can treat the disease in mice. The effects of MnTBAP were tested on APAP-intoxicated mice and on isolated hepatocytes incubated with APAP. MnTBAP preventively and curatively administered significantly improved survival times, and dramatically reduced serum transaminase activity levels and parenchymal lesions in APAP-intoxicated mice. Whereas pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) prevented ALF in a dose-dependent manner, the molecule was ineffective when curatively administered. The significant increase in glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) activity following APAP administration, and the beneficial effects of MnTBAP suggested that ROS were produced during APAP-induced ALF. A direct evidence of ROS generation was provided by flow cytometry of isolated hepatocytes incubated with APAP. In vitro, ROS production was associated with mitochondrial damage characterized by the collapse of transmembrane potential and the loss of cardiolipin content. In livers of intoxicated mice, ALF was associated with cytochrome c release that led to the activation of caspases-9 and -3. The capacity of MnTBAP to abrogate all those alterations suggests that ROS play a role in APAP-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes, and explains the beneficial effects of MnTBAP, which could be of interest in APAP-induced ALF in humans.
Political Polarization on Twitter (2011)

This is the training data used to produce the results shown in the paper listed below. Source: Sampled public tweets from Twitter streaming API. Date range: 6 weeks prior to the 2010 Congressional midterm elections. Contains: Three networks of political communication between Twitter users Please cite: Michael Conover, Jacob Ratkiewicz, Matthew Francisco, Bruno Goncalves, Alessandro Flammini, and Filippo Menczer. Political Polarization on Twitter. Proc. 5th International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media ICWSM, 2011.
Technologies for rapid prototyping of multi-chip modules (2002)

Component technologies are described to be used in the maskless customization of multi-chip modules (MCMs) including: laser processes for linking and cutting conductors; an interconnect net routing tool; and MCM assembly, test, and electrical characterization methods. Each component technology was successfully demonstrated through independent tests. The first integrated demonstration of these technologies is the customization of a three-chip MCM centered around a Motorola 88100-based chip set.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Poly(propylene)/Clay Nanocomposites Prepared by Reactive Compounding with an Epoxy Based Masterbatch (2005)

Abstract Summary: Poly(propylene) (PP)/clay nanocomposites have been prepared via a novel reactive compounding approach, in which an epoxy based masterbatch consisting of 20 wt.‐% clay was introduced to poly(propylene) with the aid of a maleic anhydride grafted PP (MAPP). The masterbatch was prepared using a recently developed “slurry compounding” technique. After melt compounding, most clay particles have been exfoliated and dispersed into small stacks with several clay layers. WAXD data shows that the dispersion of clay is better at low clay content or high MAPP content. Due to the novelty of the preparation process and complication of the system, the tensile properties of nanocomposites exhibit some unique tendencies with varying the content of MAPP or masterbatch. It is believed that the yield strength and Young's modulus can be dramatically improved after minimizing the excess of unreacted epoxy and optimizing the dispersion of clay. TEM micrograph of PP/clay nanocomposites prepared with epoxy based masterbatch. magnified image TEM micrograph of PP/clay nanocomposites prepared with epoxy based masterbatch.
The oral effects of orotracheal intubation in prematurely born preschoolers. (1993)

This cross-sectional study of fifty-two prematurely-born children, ages two to five years, evaluated the long-term effects of oral intubation at birth on palatal architecture, crossbite malocclusion, and enamel structure. Seventy percent showed a high palatal vault, with palatal grooving in 25 percent; 36 percent had enamel defects in the maxillary primary incisors; and 17 percent had posterior crossbites. The mean palatal depth was 12.9 mm, as compared to 11.4 mm for a group of 45 nonintubated, normal healthy children (the difference was significant at alpha = 0.05). There are significant iatrogenic defects from prolonged neonatal intubation with this sample of preschoolers.
Strategies of mixed substrate utilization in microorganisms (1982)

In natural and man-made environments microorganisms often grow in the presence of a diversity of functionally similar substrates. The pattern of utilization of these mixed substrates is generally dependent upon their concentration. When substrates are present in high (not growth-limiting) concentrations, sequential utilization and diauxic growth is often observed and the substrate that supports the highest growth rate is utilized preferentially from the mixture. When the substrate concentrations are growth-limiting, simultaneous utilization of the various compounds present in the mixture appears to be the general response. Recent studies on mixed substrate utilization in both batch and continuous cultures have thrown light on the strategies of the control mechanisms that, in microbes, govern the utilization of the various substrates. But perhaps more importantly these studies have indicated the possible significance of mixed substrate utilization in microbial competition in nutrient-limited natural ecosystems.
Stepwise Synthesis of Fullerene Cyclopentadienide R<sub>5</sub>C<sub>60</sub><sup>-</sup> and Indenide R<sub>3</sub>C<sub>60</sub><sup>-</sup>. An Approach to Fully Unsymmetrically Substituted Derivatives (2000)

Fullerene cyclopentadienide (PhCH(2))(2)Ph(3)C(60)(-) and indenide (PhCH(2))(2)PhC(60)(-), each bearing two different organic groups, were efficiently synthesized through regioselective reactions of 1,4-(PhCH(2))(2)C(60) with an organocopper reagent (PhMgBr/CuBr.SMe(2)) or a Grignard reagent (PhMgBr) followed by deprotonation with KO(t)()Bu.
Tenacity©, fracture mechanics, and unknown coater web breaks (1995)

A web break model, based on fracture mechanics, was used to investigate unknown coater web breaks. Runnability was defined as Lb , the length between breaks. The model includes the size distribution of defects (holes and light spots, for example), web strength and web tension. Defects, such as boles, were most detrimental to Lb.
Colloidal InSb Nanocrystals (2012)

We report the colloidal synthesis of monodisperse nanocrystals (NCs) of InSb, which is an important member of III-V semiconductor family. Colloidal InSb NC quantum dots showed well-resolved excitonic transitions in the near-infrared spectral range, with the optical band gaps tunable from ∼1.03 eV (1200 nm) to ∼0.71 eV (1750 nm) corresponding to 3.3 and 6.5 nm InSb NCs, respectively. We observed size-tunable band edge photoluminescence that could be significantly enhanced by growing InSb/CdSe or InSb/CdS core-shell nanostructures. Films of InSb NCs capped with S(2-) ions showed ambipolar charge transport.
Plasma and processing effects of electrode spacing for tungsten etchback using a bipolar electrostatic wafer clamp (1994)

A tungsten etchback process has been developed using a bipolar electrostatic clamp (ESC) in a parallel-plate, single wafer etcher with a 13.56 MHz power applied to the top electrode. The transfer of a SF6/N2 etchback process from a mechanically clamped to a bipolar electrostatically clamped system was not straightforward. Initially, the ESC system produced more tungsten residue and a lower etch rate than a mechanically clamped system. By optimizing the rf grounding circuit of the ESC, the residue was reduced. A Langmuir probe study demonstrated that the ion current profile varied strongly with electrode spacing for SF6 but not for gases such as Cl2 or Ar. Both the tungsten residue and the anomaly in the ion current profile were eliminated by the proper choice of electrode spacing. Energetic electrons have been proposed as the cause of the unusual ion current profile. Process results have been optimized with the new electrode spacing, allowing the fabrication of submicrometer tungsten plugs on 200 mm wafers. The tungsten plug recess, which is controllable by wafer temperature and process conditions, is typically 0.1 μm.
Strongly coupled surface plasmon-exciton excitations in small-diameter carbon nanotubes (2008)

We study theoretically the interactions of excitonic states with surface electromagnetic modes of a single-walled carbon nanotube. We show that these interactions result in the exciton-plasmon coupling that is significant in its strength due to the presence of weakly-dispersive low-energy (~0.5-2 eV) interband surface plasmon modes and large exciton excitation energies ~1 eV in small-diameter nanotubes. We estimate the exciton-plasmon Rabi splitting to be ~0.1 eV which is close to that in organic semiconductors and much larger than that in hybrid semiconductor-metal nanoparticle molecules. We calculate the exciton absorption lineshape and show the line splitting effect as the exciton is tuned to the nearest interband surface plasmon resonance of the nanotube.
Efficacy and Safety of Sirolimus in Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (2011)

In patients with LAM, sirolimus stabilized lung function, reduced serum VEGF-D levels, and was associated with a reduction in symptoms and improvement in quality of life. Therapy with sirolimus may be useful in selected patients with LAM. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others; MILES ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00414648.).