gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Organoselenium Coating on Cellulose Inhibits the Formation of Biofilms by<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>and<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2009)

Among the most difficult bacterial infections encountered in treating patients are wound infections, which may occur in burn victims, patients with traumatic wounds, necrotic lesions in people with diabetes, and patients with surgical wounds. Within a wound, infecting bacteria frequently develop biofilms. Many current wound dressings are impregnated with antimicrobial agents, such as silver or antibiotics. Diffusion of the agent(s) from the dressing may damage or destroy nearby healthy tissue as well as compromise the effectiveness of the dressing. In contrast, the antimicrobial agent selenium can be covalently attached to the surfaces of a dressing, prolonging its effectiveness. We examined the effectiveness of an organoselenium coating on cellulose discs in inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Colony biofilm assays revealed that cellulose discs coated with organoselenium completely inhibited P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilm formation. Scanning electron microscopy of the cellulose discs confirmed these results. Additionally, the coating on the cellulose discs was stable and effective after a week of incubation in phosphate-buffered saline. These results demonstrate that 0.2% selenium in a coating on cellulose discs effectively inhibits bacterial attachment and biofilm formation and that, unlike other antimicrobial agents, longer periods of exposure to an aqueous environment do not compromise the effectiveness of the coating.
Screw seismic sources (1992)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1992Screw seismic sourcesAuthors: Kevin DaviesGary HampsonHelmut JakubowiczJohn OdegaardKevin DaviesTaxaco Ltd., England, Gary HampsonTaxaco Ltd., England, Helmut JakubowiczTaxaco Ltd., England, and John OdegaardOdegaard and Danneskiold‐Samsoe ApS, Denmarkhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822196 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822196FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byContinuous monitoring of the depth of the water-mud interface using distributed acoustic sensing26 April 2022 | Journal of Soils and Sediments, Vol. 22, No. 11The effects of source and receiver motion on seismic data1Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 43, No. 2 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1992ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1992 Pages: 1410 publication data© 1992 Copyright © 1992 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Kevin Davies, Gary Hampson, Helmut Jakubowicz, and John Odegaard, (1992), "Screw seismic sources," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 710-711. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822196 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Sulfinyl- and Sulfonyl-Substituted2-Benzylbenzoxazoles and 2-Benzylbenzothiazoles as PotentialPhotochromic Compounds (2003)

Some novel 2-benzylbenzoxazoles and 2-benzylbenzothiazoles, substituted at the 2′ position by electron-withdrawing groups, were synthesized via the lithiation of the benzoxazole or benzothiazole ring. The expected reversible photoinduced proton-transfer reaction of such compounds was studied.
Role of Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapy in Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2017)

On the basis of several randomized trials and meta-analyses, adjuvant chemotherapy is the accepted standard of care for certain patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with stage II, IIIA, or large (≥ 4 cm) IB tumors are candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy. The survival improvement with adjuvant chemotherapy is approximately 5% at 5 years, though certain trials have suggested that it can be 8% to 10%. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy also has shown a survival advantage, though the volume of data with this approach is far less than that of adjuvant chemotherapy. The combination of cisplatin and vinorelbine is the most well-studied regimen, but current consensus is to use four cycles of any of the platinum-based chemotherapy regimens commonly used as front-line therapy for patients with advanced-stage NSCLC. Trials to define biomarkers that can predict benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy have not been successful, but results of other such trials are still awaited. On the basis of the benefit observed with targeted agents in patients with advanced-stage disease and driver genetic alterations in their tumors, ongoing trials are evaluating the utility of these targeted agents as adjuvant therapy. Similarly, clinical benefit observed with checkpoint inhibitors has prompted assessment of these drugs in patients with early-stage NSCLC. It is very likely, in the future, that factors other than the anatomy of the tumor will be used to select patients with early-stage NSCLC for systemic therapy and that the choice of systemic therapy will extend beyond platinum-based chemotherapy.
The antenna properties of optical heterodyne receivers (1966)

An optical heterodyne receiver is, in effect, both a receiver and an antenna. As an antenna it has an effective aperture or capture cross section A <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</inf> (Ω) for plane wave signals arriving from any direction Ω. The wavefront alignment between signal and local-oscillator (LO) beams required for effective optical heterodyning may be summarized in the "antenna theorem" ∫∫A <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</inf> (Ω)dΩ = [η <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /η <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ]λ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> where the moments of the quantum efficiency η are evaluated over the photosensitive surface. Thus, an optical heterodyne having effective aperture A <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</inf> for signals arriving within a single main antenna lobe or field of view of solid angle Ω <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</inf> is limited by the constraint A <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</inf> Ω <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</inf> ≈ λ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Optical elements placed in the signal and/or LO beam paths can vary the trade-off between A <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</inf> and Ω <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</inf> but cannot change their product. It is also noted that an optical heterodyne is an insensitive detector for thermal radiation, since a thermal source filling the receiver's field of view must have a temperature T ≈ [In (1 + η)] <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> hf/k to be detected with S/N ≈ 1. Optical heterodyning can be useful in practical situations, however, for detecting Doppler shifts in coherent light scattered by liquids, gases, or small particles. Another antenna theorem applicable to this problem says that in a scattering experiment the received power will be ≲ Nσλ/4π times the transmitted power, where N is the density of scatterers and σ is the total scattering cross section of a single scatterer. The equality sign is obtained only when a single aperture serves as both. transmitting and receiving aperture, or when two separate apertures are optimally focused at short range onto a common volume.
Mutant feedback-resistant phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase associated with purine overproduction and gout. Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate and purine metabolism in cultured fibroblasts. (1975)

We have reported previously two siblings with gout and uric acid lithiasis associated with excessive purine production. In the erythrocytes of these patients, phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) synthetase exhibited resistance to feedback-inhibition by normal cell constituents such as guanosine-5'-diphosphate (GDP) and adenosine-5'-diphosphate (ADP), resulting in superactivity of the mutant enzyme and consequently in increased PRPP content and availability for nucleotide synthesis. Erythrocyte PRPP content and availability were normal in the propositus' parents, his healthy brother and three sons, and they all had normal serum level and urinary excretion of uric acid, except for the mother who was hyperuricosuric. To further characterize this mutation we studied PRPP and purine metabolism in cultured fibroblasts of the affected family. PRPP synthetase in dialyzed lysates of fibroblasts from the propositus and his mother exhibited increased specific activity, more markedly at low inorganic phosphate concentration, and decreased sensitivity to inhibition by ADP and GDP, PRPP content and availability and the rate of de novo purine nucleotide synthesis were markedly increased in the fibroblasts of the propositus and to a lesser extent in the fibroblasts of his mother but were normal in the fibroblasts of the other family members investigated. The fibroblast studies demonstrate the following sequence of abnormalities: feedback-resistance of PRPP synthetase; superactivity of this enzyme in normal physiological milieu; increased availability of PRPP; and increased de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides. The pattern of inheritance of this disorder is compatible with both an X-linked recessive and autosomal dominant traits.
Sintering of Low‐Density Glasses: III, Effect of a Distribution of Pore Sizes (1977)

The sintering model presented in Part I is extended by considering a Gaussian distribution of pore sizes in the body. The effect of the breadth of the distribution on the densification kinetics is demonstrated; this effect is small except for very broad distributions. The greatest change occurs in the last few percents of shrinkage since the largest pores close relatively slowly. The range of pore sizes typically found in flame hydrolysis preforms or silica gel is narrow enough that the sintering kinetics are adequately described in terms of a single pore size. The specific surface area is shown to be independent of the breadth of the distribution.
Software Adaptation through Dynamic Updating (2012)

Software systems evolve continuously. They need to be updated to fix bugs, to improve their performance or to adapt their functionality to new user requirements. In their first approaches, these updating techniques required that the corresponding program was not in use, substituting it with its new version and using such new version thereafter. This is still a valid procedure for single-user programs being run in personal computers. However, there are other kinds of software that should be always available, demanding a dynamic (i.e., at run-time) software update. This paper surveys the regular goals and currently existing mechanisms able to drive a dynamic software updating procedure.
Scalability of Macroblock-level Parallelism for H.264 Decoding (2009)

This paper investigates the scalability of MacroBlock (MB) level parallelization of the H.264 decoder for High Definition (HD) applications. The study includes three parts. First, a formal model for predicting the maximum performance that can be obtained taking into account variable processing time of tasks and thread synchronization overhead. Second, an implementation on a real multiprocessor architecture including a comparison of different scheduling strategies and a profiling analysis for identifying the performance bottlenecks. Finally, a trace-driven simulation methodology has been used for identifying the opportunities of acceleration for removing the main bottlenecks. It includes the acceleration potential for the entropy decoding stage and thread synchronization and scheduling. Our study presents a quantitative analysis of the main bottlenecks of the application and estimates the acceleration levels that are required to make the MB-level parallel decoder scalable.
Physical properties of zinc doped tin oxide films prepared by spray pyrolysis technique (2008)

The structural and optical properties of pure and zinc doped tin oxide (SnO2) thin films have been studied in detail. Thin films of pure and zinc doped tin oxide (Zn : SnO2) were prepared on Si(1 0 0) and quartz substrates by the spray pyrolysis technique at a substrate temperature of 400 °C. The zinc dopant concentration was varied from 0 to 25 wt%. The films were systematically characterized by different methods to understand their structural and optical property variations, and the results were correlated. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) method shows that pure SnO2 films possess tetragonal crystalline structure with the preferred (1 1 0) orientation. Upon increasing the zinc concentration the preferred orientation changes from the (1 1 0) plane to the (2 0 0) plane, and at the same time the crystalline quality was found to be deteriorated. The Raman measurements also confirm the tetragonal structure of the films for the entire range of Zn doping. High resolution scanning electron microscopy measurements reveal that upon increasing the Zn concentration, the surface morphology of the films changes continuously and the grains also deteriorate. The elemental analysis of the films measured by energy dispersive XRD spectroscopy shows that the Zn concentration in the solid film is slightly less than that of the starting solution. Optical transmittance measurements of the films reveal that the films are fully transparent in the visible region. Upon increasing the Zn concentration, the band gap of the films decreases from 3.85 to 3.57 eV. Thus, the structural study performed by XRD and Raman spectroscopy clearly indicates the incorporation of Zn ion into SnO2 lattice, and the change in the optical properties of the films was directly attributed to the effect of Zn ion incorporation into SnO2 lattice.
Wideband local networks exploiting single-mode fiber (1986)

Between 1980 and 1985 single-mode fiber replaced multimode GI as the standard long-haul transmission medium. Despite the large investment in multimode technology, single-mode succeeded because of its greater range, its bandwidth versatility, and its impact on system costs. Installation difficulties were accepted since single-mode was clearly the better investment.
Pvr expression regulators in equilibrium signal control and maintenance of Drosophila blood progenitors (2014)

Blood progenitors within the lymph gland, a larval organ that supports hematopoiesis in Drosophila melanogaster, are maintained by integrating signals emanating from niche-like cells and those from differentiating blood cells. We term the signal from differentiating cells the 'equilibrium signal' in order to distinguish it from the 'niche signal'. Earlier we showed that equilibrium signaling utilizes Pvr (the Drosophila PDGF/VEGF receptor), STAT92E, and adenosine deaminase-related growth factor A (ADGF-A) (Mondal et al., 2011). Little is known about how this signal initiates during hematopoietic development. To identify new genes involved in lymph gland blood progenitor maintenance, particularly those involved in equilibrium signaling, we performed a genetic screen that identified bip1 (bric à brac interacting protein 1) and Nucleoporin 98 (Nup98) as additional regulators of the equilibrium signal. We show that the products of these genes along with the Bip1-interacting protein RpS8 (Ribosomal protein S8) are required for the proper expression of Pvr.
Engineering Intramolecular π‐Stacking Interactions of Through‐Space Charge‐Transfer TADF Emitters for Highly Efficient OLEDs with Improved Color Purity (2022)

Abstract Purely organic compounds with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) are promising sustainable emitters for organic light‐emitting diodes. But the simultaneous realization of a high efficiency, short lifetime, and good color purity in single TADF molecule remains challenging. Herein it is reported that the confinement of rigid and planar N‐ and B‐centered donor and acceptor in sandwich‐type structures, named BNB‐m and BNB‐p , can lead to green TADF emissions with up to unity efficiency and improved color purity from through‐space charge‐transfer excited states. The full width at half maximum of 58 nm (0.28 eV) for BNB‐m is significantly smaller than those for most of the TADF emitters having a twisted donor‐acceptor structure. Single‐crystal structures, NMR spectroscopy, and theoretical simulations manifest the presence of strong noncovalent π‐stacking interactions in BNB‐m which account for the reduced intramolecular motions and enhanced through‐space electronic coupling. With a relatively short delayed fluorescence lifetime of 11 µs, the emitter BNB‐m demonstrates attractive green electroluminescence with a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 34.9% and an EQE of 27.4% at 1000 cd m −2 . This work validates a promising molecular design to TADF emitters which can realize a balanced emission property in terms of color purity and emission lifetime.
Computer-assisted neurosurgery by using a noninvasive vacuum-affixed dental cast that acts as a reference base: another step toward a unified approach in the treatment of brain tumors (2000)

Because of its noninvasive, rigid, reliable, and reproducible connection to the patient's head, the VBH vacuum-affixed mouthpiece grants the registration device an accuracy comparable to invasive fiducial markers.
Sexuality, Authenticity, and Modernity (1995)

In his Journals for 26 December 1921, André Gide wrote: The borrowed truths are the ones to which one clings most tenaciously, and all the more so since they remain foreign to our intimate self. It takes much more precaution to deliver one's own message, much more boldness and prudence, than to sign up with and add one's voice to an already existing party .... I believed that it is above all to oneself that it is important to remain faithful. This celebration of fidelity to oneself gives voice to a central theme of modern consciousness: the search for authenticity. The idea that there is an ‘intimate self’ whose needs cannot be fulfilled by following ‘borrowed truths’ is a familiar modern notion and one that contrasts sharply with traditional outlooks. In many pre-modern societies value was believed to be less responsive to the individual: gods, natures, or history were the sort of things that inscribed value on states of affairs, and thus on our lives. Living well was not, therefore, a matter of being true to ourselves, but being true to our creators, natures, or traditions. Moral truths were precisely those things that were borrowed; that was what made them true
Development of a chaotic signal radar system for vehicular collision-avoidance (2003)

The paper describes the development of a new type of radar system called Chaotic Signal Radar (CSR), which utilises truly random signals for the modulation and a novel implicit sampling averaging algorithm in the receiver. The paper presents the results of simulation study in conjunction with the real measurements using a prototype CSR.
The texture analyser (1972)

SUMMARY The texture analyser is an apparatus for making morphological measurement which starts from a TV scan and specific hardware. We have conceived and realized this machine at the Centre de Morphologie Mathématique of the School of Mines of Paris. It inaugurates a new generation of apparatus in this field. It is based upon a new conceptual background, using the random set theory of G. Matheron, and the hit‐or‐miss transformation. Its sophisticated hardware is accessible but with the help of specific software. Thus, besides traditional measurements (e.g. lengths of intercepts) it allows the determination of new and useful parameters: radius of curvature, bi‐dimensional size distribution, covariance matrix, bi‐dimensional clumping measurements, and numerous other new parameters.
Effect of cultural conditions on production of eicosapentaenoic acid byPythium irregulare (1991)

The effect of culture conditions upon lipid content and fatty acid composition of mycelia of Pythium irregulare was investigated with particular attention to increasing the yield of 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5; omega-3)(EPA). All experiments were done by shake flask culture using a yeast extract + malt extract medium. The maximum growth rate was obtained at 25 degrees C, but maximum EPA production was obtained at 12 degrees C. The highest EPA production was 76.5 micrograms EPA/ml 13 days fermentation at 12 degrees C. Addition of glucose during fermentation increased the yield considerably. The highest yield was 112 micrograms/ml, obtained at 13 days fermentation with spiking on day 11. Fermentation time could be shortened by initial incubation at 25 degrees C for 2 days, followed by incubation at 12 degrees C for 6 days. The culture also produced arachidonic acid and other omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. EPA production was also obtained with lactose or sweet whey permeate, a by-product of cheese manufacture that contains lactose as the main carbohydrate.
A feasability study of drowsiness detection using driving behaviour parameters (2012)

One of the main causes of car accidents is drowsiness. There have been many studies regarding driving monitoring systems in the past few years, although most of them are focused in simulator environments. This paper presents a system to detect drowsiness patterns in real driving environments, where many external conditions need to be taken into account. Initial tests were done in simulator, followed by tests in real vehicles. Although two different approaches have been developed, this paper is focused in the inadequate driving identification based on the steering movements. Its sub-modules are also presented, with a special focus on the active driving detector.
Managing patients with coeliac disease during a hospital stay (2018)

This article has been double-blind peer reviewedAbstractCoeliac disease is a relatively common autoimmune disease that is managed through a strict lifelong gluten-free diet to avoid symptom reoccurrence and long-term complications. When people are admitted to hospital, they temporarily lose control
Reverse transcriptase reads through a 2′–5′ linkage and a 2′-thiphosphate in a template (1995)

Avian myeloblastosis virus and Maloney murine leukemia virus RNase H-reverse transcriptases pause when they encounter a 2'-5' linkage or a 2'-thiophosphate in their template RNAs, but eventually read through these backbone modifications. Both reverse transcriptases pause after the 2'-5' linkage but before the 2'-thiophosphate. These results suggest that in the absence of precise information concerning the behavior of a given reverse transcriptase with respect to a particular lesion or modification, caution should be exercised in the interpretation of primer extension data that is being used to determine the existence of, or map the position of, a crosslink, site of chemical modification or non-standard linkage in an RNA template.