gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amphiphilic Polymer Supports for the Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Amino Acid Precursors in Water (2003)

This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of a new class of amphiphilic, water-soluble diblock copolymers based on 2oxazoline derivatives with pendent (2S,4S)-4-diphenylphosphino-2-(diphenylphosphinomethyl)pyrrolidine (PPM) units in the hydrophobic block. The synthetic strategy involves the preparation of a diblock copolymer precursor with ester functionalities in the side chain; which were converted into carboxylic acids in a polymer-analogous step and finally reacted with the PPM ligand. The structures of the copolymers were characterized by (1)H and (31)P NMR spectroscopy and GPC measurements. Subsequently, these polymers were successfully utilized as a polymeric support for the asymmetric hydrogenation of 1) (Z)-alpha-acetamido cinnamic acid and 2) methyl (Z)-alpha-acetamido cinnamate in water, showing 90 % substrate conversion at 25 degrees C within 20 minutes at atmospheric H(2) pressure (1 bar) for methyl (Z)-alpha-acetamido cinnamate.
<i>Salmonella</i> Secreted Factor L Deubiquitinase of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> Inhibits NF-κB, Suppresses IκBα Ubiquitination and Modulates Innate Immune Responses (2008)

Salmonella enterica translocates virulent factors into host cells using type III secretion systems to promote host colonization, intracellular bacterial replication and survival, and disease pathogenesis. Among many effectors, the type III secretion system encoded in Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 translocates a Salmonella-specific protein, designated Salmonella secreted factor L (SseL), a putative virulence factor possessing deubiquitinase activity. In this study, we attempt to elucidate the mechanism and the function of SseL in vitro, in primary host macrophages and in vivo in infected mice. Expression of SseL in mammalian cells suppresses NF-kappaB activation downstream of IkappaBalpha kinases and impairs IkappaBalpha ubiquitination and degradation, but not IkappaBalpha phosphorylation. Disruption of the gene encoding SseL in S. enterica serovar typhimurium increases IkappaBalpha degradation and ubiquitination, as well as NF-kappaB activation in infected macrophages, compared with wild-type bacteria. Mice infected with SseL-deficient bacteria mount stronger inflammatory responses, associated with increased production of NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines. Thus, SseL represents one of the first bacterial deubiquitinases demonstrated to modulate the host inflammatory response in vivo.
Loss of heterozygosity from the short arm of chromosome 8 is associated with invasive behavior in breast cancer (1996)

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) from the short arm of chromosome 8 (8p) is frequent in many human cancers, including breast, colon, prostate, and bladder cancers. LOH occurs in two regions of 8p, 8p21 and 8p22, and suggests the presence of two separate tumor suppressor genes. In breast cancers, 8p LOH occurs in both early and late clinical stage tumors, while in colon, prostate, and bladder cancers, there is an association between 8p LOH and advanced clinical stage. We investigated this discrepancy by comparing 8p LOH in infiltrating ductal carcinomas (IDC) to breast cancers of earlier clinical stage, i.e., tumors with no invasion [ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)-only tumors]. We used three markers which sample several reported loci of 8p LOH. We microdissected tumor from paraffin blocks of 39 IDC and 23 DCIS-only breast cancers and amplified tumor/normal DNA pairs for the microsatellite markers D8S254 (8p22), D8S133 (8p21.3), and NEFL (8p21). All cases of IDC were informative with at least one marker, with a combined rate of LOH of 46%. The results for each marker were [no. LOH/no. informative (%)]: D8S254, 8/26 (31%); D8S133 12/31 (39%), and NEFL, 9/25 (36%). In the DCIS-only group, all 23 were informative for at least one marker, but 8p LOH was absent. We conclude that 8p LOH from 8p21-22 is frequent in IDC of the breast, but absent in DCIS-only cases, and may play a role in breast cancer progression by conferring invasive ability.
원심성 수축 운동 후 지연 된 근육통과 근력, CPK ALD의 상관관계에 대한 연구 (1999)

The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation coefficients between delayed muscle soreness after eccentric exercise, muscle strength, CPK, and ALD. Subjects of this study were 9 male students. CPK, ALD that known as the indicators of muscle damage and eccentric strength of the Lt elbow flexors were measured prior to exercise. After measurements they perform an isokinetic eccentric exercise of flexor group of Lt elbow(10 repetitions 3 bouts) by make use of KIN-COM isokinetic device. After exercise, CPK, ALD, and peak torque of elbow flexor group was measured at the just after exercise, 24hr after, 48hr after, 72hr after. Also muscle soreness level was evaluated at same intervals by make use of VAS(visual analog scale). The results were as follows: 1. There was significant differences of muscle soreness, CPK, ALD, peak torque with the passage of recovery time(p$lt;0.001). 2. There was negative correlation coefficients between CPK and peak torque at 24hr after(p$lt;0.05). 3. There was positive correlation coefficients between ALD and CPK at 24hr after(p$lt;0.05). 4. There was no correlation coefficients between other variables but ALD was the most important factors that can be explains the muscle sor eness very well.
Impairment in Task-Specific Modulation of Muscle Coordination Correlates with the Severity of Hand Impairment following Stroke (2013)

Significant functional impairment of the hand is commonly observed in stroke survivors. Our previous studies suggested that the inability to modulate muscle coordination patterns according to task requirements may be substantial after stroke, but these limitations have not been examined directly. In this study, we aimed to characterize post-stroke impairment in the ability to modulate muscle coordination patterns across tasks and its correlation with hand impairment. Fourteen stroke survivors, divided into a group with severe hand impairment (8 subjects) and a group with moderate hand impairment (6 subjects) according to their clinical functionality score, participated in the experiment. Another four neurologically intact subjects participated in the experiment to serve as a point of comparison. Activation patterns of nine hand and wrist muscles were recorded using surface electromyography while the subjects performed six isometric tasks. Patterns of covariation in muscle activations across tasks, i.e., muscle modules, were extracted from the muscle activation data. Our results showed that the degree of reduction in the inter-task separation of the multi-muscle activation patterns was indicative of the clinical functionality score of the subjects (mean value = 26.2 for severely impaired subjects, 38.1 for moderately impaired subjects). The values for moderately impaired subjects were much closer to those of the impaired subjects (mean value = 46.1). The number of muscle modules extracted from the muscle activation patterns of a subject across six tasks, which represents the degree of motor complexity, was found to be correlated with the clinical functionality score (R = 0.68). Greater impairment was also associated with a change in the muscle module patterns themselves, with greater muscle coactivation. A substantial reduction in the degrees-of-freedom of the multi-muscle coordination post-stroke was apparent, and the extent of the reduction, assessed by the stated metrics, was strongly associated with the level of clinical impairment.
Potential Stability of All-Solid-State Ion-Selective Electrodes Using Conducting Polymers as Ion-to-Electron Transducers (1999)

Demanding analytical applications such as on-line process analysis and clinical analysis require robust, reliable, and maintenance-free ion sensors of high potential stability. In this work the stability of the electrode potential of all-solid-state ion-selective electrodes using conducting polymers as ion-to-electron transducers is critically evaluated by using chronopotentiometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This study is focused on the relationship between the potential stability of the electrode and the capacitance of the solid contact where ion-to-electron transduction takes place. The influence of this capacitance on the potential stability of all-solid-state ion-selective electrodes is studied experimentally by using conducting polymer layers of different thickness as solid contacts in potassium ion-selective electrodes based on a solvent polymeric membrane. Because of its excellent environmental stability, the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is used as a model compound for the solid contact material. Chronopotentiometry is found to be a convenient and fast experimental method to critically evaluate the potential stability of different types of ion-selective electrodes.
Notes and Observations (1950)

Journal Article Notes and Observations Get access G. B. G. B. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar English: Journal of the English Association, Volume 8, Issue 43, Spring 1950, Page 1, https://doi.org/10.1093/english/8.43.1 Published: 01 March 1950
Rethinking the Mobile Food Journal (2015)

Food choices are among the most frequent and important health decisions in everyday life, but remain notoriously difficult to capture. This work examines opportunities for lightweight photo-based capture in mobile food journals. We first report on a survey of 257 people, examining how they define healthy eating, their experiences and challenges with existing food journaling methods, and their ability to interpret nutritional information that can be captured in a food journal. We then report on interviews and a field study with 27 participants using a lightweight, photo-based food journal for between 4 to 8 weeks. We discuss mismatches between motivations and current designs, challenges of current approaches to food journaling, and opportunities for photos as an alternative to the pervasive but often inappropriate emphasis on quantitative tracking in mobile food journals.
Synthesis and characterization of bioaffinity interactive heterobifunctional polyethylene glycols (1996)

Novel methods for synthesis of monoprotected homobifunctional polyethylene glycols and subsequent synthesis and application of heterobifunctional derivatives in protein immobilization and separation is described. In addition, modification of proteins with PEG and properties of the conjugates are presented. Heterobifunctional PEG derivatives having a chelate at one end and at the other one specific ligands for proteins have been synthesized. Metal binding constants and kinetic parameters of these bifunctional chelate polymers were found in excellent correlation with the binding affinities shown by corresponding unconjugated groups. These heterobifunctional PEG derivatives were used to characterize the partitioning behavior of several proteins in Affinity Two-Phase Partitioning, ATPP, at different conditions. Both sides of these bioaffinity chelating polymers were found to be effective in the partitioning of these model proteins. These modified heterobifunctional affinity chelating polymers were also adsorbed in aqueous media to different chelating adsorbents used in IMAC separation. In this scheme an IMA-adsorbent could be transformed to a more selective affinity separation mode, by adding an affinity-chelating ligand. The attached ligand could be removed by weakening the metal interactions between the two chelates in the system which allow the column to operate again in the original IMAC mode, if desired. The amount of these bioligands bound to the columns were a function of the type of the IMA-adsorbents, pH, salts and the metal immobilized on the gels. Trypsin and avidin were bound on columns loaded with a PAB-PEG-chelate and a biotin-PEG-chelate respectively. As a typical example, bound trypsin was eluted from the columns with the trypsin inhibitor, benzamidine, acting as a competitive ligand. The bioligands were eluted reversibly from the IMA-adsorbents, using free IDA as a competitive ligand, using low pH buffers or EDTA. PEG derivatives of 5000 daltons, were chemically fixed to non essential groups on trypsin through amidation with amino groups using two different methods. Kinetic studies were performed upon modification to determine the activity and stability of the modified biomolecule under these conditions. In both cases the modified enzyme adduct, retained their original biological activities and showed substantial changes in properties.
Chiral Bimetallic Boronic Esters: A Donor–Acceptor Coexisting Receptor for Amines (1996)

Abstract A chiral bimetallic Lewis acid, 2,2′-(1,2-phenylene)bis[(4R,5R)-4,5-diphenyl-1,3,2-ioxaborolane] (1a), has been synthesized. The exceptionally strong binding of 1a with benzylamine was demonstrated by titrations. The complex formation ratio of 1a : amine = 1 : 2 was determined by a Job plot. The binding constants, K1 and K2, were determined by non-linear curve fitting to be K1 &lt;&lt; K2. The results can be explained in terms of an allosteric effect. The first amine molecule coordinates with one of the two boron atoms of 1a; at the same time, one NH proton interacts with one of the two oxygen atoms in the other dioxaborolane ring to form a hydrogen bond. As a result, the two dioxaborolane rings are conformationally fixed by two-point binding to provide a preferable binding site for the second amine molecule. Although only a small chiral recognition of 1-phenylethylamine has been obtained with 1a, the clear separation of the peaks of the amine provides the possibility to use 1a as an NMR chiral-shift reagent.
Evaluating the Partial Derivatives of Some Types of Multivariable Functions (2014)

This paper takes the mathematical software Maple as the auxiliary tool to study the partial differential problem of three types of multivariable functions. We can obtain the infinite series forms of any order partial derivatives of these multivariable functions by using differentiation term by term theorem, and hence greatly reduce the difficulty of calculating their higher order partial derivative values. On the other hand, we propose some examples to do calculation practically. The research methods adopted in this study involved finding solutions through manual calculations and verifying these solutions by using Maple.
Metasurface-Enabled Remote Quantum Interference (2015)

An anisotropic quantum vacuum (AQV) opens novel pathways for controlling light-matter interaction in quantum optics, condensed matter physics, etc. Here, we theoretically demonstrate a strong AQV over macroscopic distances enabled by a judiciously designed array of subwavelength-scale nanoantennas-a metasurface. We harness the phase-control ability and the polarization-dependent response of the metasurface to achieve strong anisotropy in the decay rate of a quantum emitter located over distances of hundreds of wavelengths. Such an AQV induces quantum interference among radiative decay channels in an atom with orthogonal transitions. Quantum vacuum engineering with metasurfaces holds promise for exploring new paradigms of long-range light-matter interaction for atom optics, solid-state quantum optics, quantum information processing, etc.
Evaluation of radioiodinated vesamicol analogs for sigma receptor imaging in tumor and radionuclide receptor therapy (2009)

It has been reported that sigma receptors are highly expressed in a variety of human tumors. In this study, we selected (+)-2-[4-(4-iodophenyl)piperidino] cyclohexanol [(+)-pIV] as a sigma receptor ligand and evaluated the potential of radioiodinated (+)-pIV for tumor imaging and therapy. (+)-[(125/131)I]pIV was prepared by an iododestannylation reaction under no-carrier-added conditions with radiochemical purity over 99% after HPLC purification. Biodistribution experiments were performed by the intravenous injection of (+)-[(125)I]pIV into mice bearing human prostate tumors (DU-145). Blocking studies were performed by intravenous injection of (+)-[(125)I]pIV mixed with an excess amount of unlabeled sigma ligand into DU-145 tumor-bearing mice. For therapeutic study, (+)-[(131)I]pIV was injected at a dose of 7.4 MBq followed by measurement of the tumor size. In biodistribution experiments, (+)-[(125)I]pIV showed high uptake and long residence in the tumor. High tumor to blood and muscle ratios were achieved because the radioactivity levels of blood and muscle were low. However, the accumulations of radioactivity in non-target tissues, such as liver and kidney, were high. The radioactivity in the non-target tissues slowly decreased over time. Co-injection of (+)-[(125)I]pIV with an excess amount of unlabeled sigma ligand resulted in a significant decrease in the tumor/blood ratio, indicating sigma receptor-mediated tumor uptake. In therapeutic study, tumor growth in mice treated with (+)-[(131)I]pIV was significantly inhibited compared to that of an untreated group. These results indicate that radioiodinated (+)-pIV has a high potential for sigma receptor imaging in tumor and radionuclide receptor therapy.
On-Line Mid-IR Spectroscopy as a Real-Time Approach in Monitoring Hydrogenation Reactions (2000)

The use of mid-IR spectroscopy as a real-time monitoring tool for hydrogenation reactions is illustrated. This technique was used for both qualitative and quantitative purposes to monitor the hydrogenation of three different functional groups. The results show that this technique can be successfully used as an alternative to traditional off-line methods to monitor the reaction endpoint and the formation of impurities.
Establishment and application of wound model of full-thickness skin defect in minipigs (2002)

Objective To establish an experimental model of full thickness skin defect in minipigs and to investigate the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on wound healing.Motheds After the skin on back of the minipigs was shaved, the cut skin in each side of spinal column was removed with a specific traumatoqenic apparatus (18?mm in diameter) to achieve a full thickness skin defect wound. The wounds were randomly divided into two groups (n=16): the wounds treated with bFGF served as the experimental group, while those not treated with bFGF as the control group. At the 3rd, 7th and 14th day after injury, the area of the wounds and wound volume were measured and the histological examination was performed to evaluate the wounds healing.Results Three and 7 days after injury, in the bFGF treated group, the area of wounds was decreased to (1.81±0.15)?cm 2 and (0.51±0.10)?cm 2 respectively, significantly less than in the blank control group (2.00±0.21)?cm 2 and (0.61±0.11)?cm 2 respectively) (P0.05);The wound volume in the bFGF treated group was significantly decreased to (0.49±0.07)?ml and (0.02±0.04)?ml respectively, significantly smaller than in the non treated group (0.61±0.17)?ml and (0.14±0.16)?ml respectively) (P0.05). Histological examination revealed that most of the wounds in the experimental group were re epithelialization at the 14th day, but in control group most of the wounds were not healed on day 14 after operation.Conclusion The wound model of full thickness skin defect in minipig holds good to study the effects of medicine for external use on wound healing. bFGF can promote the wound healing.
Localization Using Radial Basis Function Networks and Signal Strength Fingerprints in WLAN (2009)

Fingerprinting localization techniques provide reliable location estimates and enable the development of location aware applications especially for indoor environments, where satellite based positioning is infeasible. In our approach we utilize received signal strength (RSS) fingerprints collected in known locations and employ a radial basis function (RBF) neural network to approximate the function that maps fingerprints to location coordinates. We present a clustering scheme to reduce the size and computational complexity of the RBF architecture and demonstrate the applicability of this approach in a real-world WLAN setup. Experimental results indicate that the RBF based method is an efficient approach to the location determination problem that outperforms existing techniques in terms of the positioning error.
In Vivo Tibial Fit and Rotational Analysis of a Customized, Patient-Specific TKA versus Off-the-Shelf TKA (2018)

In total knee arthroplasty (TKA), surgeons often face the decision of maximizing tibial component fit and achieving correct rotational alignment at the same time. Customized implants (CIMs) address this difficulty by aiming to replicate the anatomical joint structure, utilizing data from patient-specific knee geometry during the manufacturing. We intraoperatively compared component fit in four tibial zones of a CIM to that of three different off-the-shelf (OTS) TKA designs in 44 knees. Additionally, we assessed the rotational alignment of the tibia using computed tomography (CT)-based computer aided design model analysis. Overall the CIM device showed significantly better component fit than the OTS TKAs. While 18% of OTS designs presented an implant overhang of 3 mm or more, none of the CIM components did (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was a larger percentage of CIMs seen with optimal fit (≤1 mm implant overhang to ≤1 mm tibial bone undercoverage) than in OTS TKAs. Also, OTS implants showed significantly more component underhang of ≥3 mm than the CIM design (37 vs. 18%). The rotational analysis revealed that 45% of the OTS tibial components showed a rotational deviation of more than 5 degrees and 4% of more than 10 degrees to a tibial rotational axis described by Cobb et al. No deviation was seen for the CIM, as the device is designed along this axis. Using the medial one-third of the tibial tubercle as the rotational landmark, 95% of the OTS trays demonstrated a rotational deviation of more than 5 degrees and 73% of more than 10 degrees compared with 73% of CIM tibial trays with more than 5 degrees and 27% with more than 10 degrees. Based on our findings, we believe that the CIM TKA provides both better rotational alignment and tibial fit without causing overhang of the tibial tray than the three examined OTS implants.
Rubber, 5. Solution Rubbers (2011)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Synthesis by Anionic Polymerization 1.1. Solution 1,3‐Butadiene ‐ Styrene Rubber (S‐SBR) and Styrene ‐ Isoprene ‐ Butadiene Rubber (S‐SIBR) 1.1.1. Properties, Grades, and Applications 1.1.2. Basic Chemistry and Production Processes 1.1.3. Producers and Production Capacities 1.2. Lithium ‐ Butadiene (Li‐BR) and Lithium ‐ Isoprene (Li‐IR) Rubber 1.2.1. Properties, Grades, and Applications 1.2.2. Basic Chemistry and Production Processes 1.2.3. Producers and Production Capacities 2. Synthesis by Ziegler ‐ Natta Polymerization 2.1. Polybutadiene and Polyisoprene Rubber 2.1.1. Properties, Grades, and Applications 2.1.2. Basic Chemistry and Production Processes 2.1.3. Producers and Production Capacities 2.2. Ethylene ‐ Propene Elastomers (EPM, EPDM) 2.2.1. Properties, Grades, and Applications 2.2.2. Basic Chemistry and Production Processes 2.2.3. Producers and Production Capacities 3. Synthesis of Butyl Rubber by Cationic Polymerization 3.1. Properties, Grades, and Applications 3.1.1. Properties 3.1.2. Grades 3.1.3. Specialty Rubbers 3.1.4. Applications 3.2. Basic Chemistry and Production Processes 3.2.1. Basic Chemistry 3.2.2. Industrial Production 3.3. Producers and Production Capacities 3.4. Storage and Transportation 3.5. Legal Aspects 3.6. Toxicology and Occupational Health