gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nuclear Receptor TLX Regulates Cell Cycle Progression in Neural Stem Cells of the Developing Brain (2007)

TLX is an orphan nuclear receptor that is expressed exclusively in vertebrate forebrains. Although TLX is known to be expressed in embryonic brains, the mechanism by which it influences neural development remains largely unknown. We show here that TLX is expressed specifically in periventricular neural stem cells in embryonic brains. Significant thinning of neocortex was observed in embryonic d 14.5 TLX-null brains with reduced nestin labeling and decreased cell proliferation in the germinal zone. Cell cycle analysis revealed both prolonged cell cycles and increased cell cycle exit in TLX-null embryonic brains. Increased expression of a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and decreased expression of cyclin D1 provide a molecular basis for the deficiency of cell cycle progression in embryonic brains of TLX-null mice. Furthermore, transient knockdown of TLX by in utero electroporation led to precocious cell cycle exit and differentiation of neural stem cells followed by outward migration. Together these results indicate that TLX plays an important role in neural development by regulating cell cycle progression and exit of neural stem cells in the developing brain.
Glioma Tissue Obtained by Modern Ultrasonic Aspiration with a Simple Sterile Suction Trap for Primary Cell Culture and Pathological Evaluation (2014)

Utilization of this material may facilitate pathological interpretation by providing a more representative sample of tumor histology as well as an adequate and sterile biosource of material for tissue culture studies.
Patient-Clinician Eye Contact: Social Neuroscience and Art of Clinical Engagement (2009)

Clinical encounters with patients are a form of social engagement. A critical and implicit component of meaningful engagement with patients is eye contact. Researchers in the rapidly growing, multidisciplinary field of social neuroscience have discovered a great deal about this "first-contact" aspect of human relating that is of direct and practical relevance to the practicing clinician. Findings reviewed in this article include aspects of the neurobiology of social attention, the role of certain neurochemicals (eg, serotonin, oxytocin) in eye contact, and the diagnostic importance of eye contact and gaze in various diagnostic entities. Clinically, these findings underscore the important role of eye contact in 1) establishing meaningful rapport; 2) supplying implicit information about a patient's emotional state; 3) providing diagnostic clues to common psychiatric disorders; 4) delivering impactful clinical messages; and 5) provisioning hope and embodied empathy. Current neuroscience research in this area highlights why mindful attention to this facet of social engagement is part of the repertoire of an effective, empathic clinician.
Adaptive Learning Network Approach to Defect Characterization (1975)

The overall objective of this work was to demonstrate feasibility of adaptive nonlinear signal processing techniques applied to characterization of ultrasonic nondestructive testing (UNDT) waveforms for accurate inferences of flat -bottom hole sizes. The classified waveforms were ultrasonic pulse echoes obtained from two different sets of 7075-T6 aluminum area-amplitude test blocks and three different transducers. The eight flat- bottom hole defect sizes ranged from 1/64 to 8/64 inch in steps of l/64 inch
Advanced adaptability and profile management framework for the support of flexible mobile service provision (2003)

The long-term vision of beyond 3G wireless communications describes a mobile service provision environment dramatically different from that of today. Users are expected to raise their demands to a significantly higher level, towards the situation-aware provision of ubiquitous personalized multimedia services. From this perspective, the need is emerging to apply, in a systematic way, adaptability and reconfigurability concepts for service delivery in largely diverse contexts. Generic dynamically extensible adaptation mechanisms that can be employed in a wide variety of situations and are independent of the subject and criteria of adaptation is a significant step in this direction. Moreover, effective profile representation and management becomes an increasingly important issue. In the present article we introduce an advanced adaptability and profile management framework aiming to fulfill these requirements. The proposed system has been designed, implemented, and incorporated in a distributed middleware platform for next-generation mobile service provision.
ES is more than just a traditional finite-difference approximator (2018)

An evolution strategy (ES) variant based on a simplification of a natural evolution strategy recently attracted attention because it performs surprisingly well in challenging deep reinforcement learning domains. It searches for neural network parameters by generating perturbations to the current set of parameters, checking their performance, and moving in the aggregate direction of higher reward. Because it resembles a traditional finite-difference approximation of the reward gradient, it can naturally be confused with one. However, this ES optimizes for a different gradient than just reward: It optimizes for the average reward of the entire population, thereby seeking parameters that are robust to perturbation. This difference can channel ES into distinct areas of the search space relative to gradient descent, and also consequently to networks with distinct properties. This unique robustness-seeking property, and its consequences for optimization, are demonstrated in several domains. They include humanoid locomotion, where networks from policy gradient-based reinforcement learning are significantly less robust to parameter perturbation than ES-based policies solving the same task. While the implications of such robustness and robustness-seeking remain open to further study this work's main contribution is to highlight such differences and their potential importance.
Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis Manifesting as Intractable Headache and Accompanied By Acute Cerebral Infarction: Case Report (2004)

Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungus infection and cerebral invasion is a very rare complication of this condition. A 70-year-old man suffered from a severe left temporal pricking headache, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea and facial pain, and was admitted under the impression of intractable headache and acute sinusitis. Blindness in the left eye, and mucosal eschar over the left side of the hard palate were found. Then the patient developed a consciousness change. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was not detected, but hyperglycemia was noted. Nasal biopsy revealed mucormycosis and inflammation. Systemic antifungal therapy with Amphotericin B administration was immediately begun but his family refused extensive surgical debridement due to his critical condition and the treatment was unsuccessful. Although relatively rare, a diagnosis of a rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis should be taken into consideration in the evaluation of unexplained temporal headache with mucosal eschar or ulcer over the palate, especially in an immunocompromised host with fever and symptoms of sinusitis.
Relationships between cognitive variables, memory and phonological awareness in children with a specific reading difficulty (2002)

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between verbal short‐term memory, phonemic awareness, and reading ability, in children with a specific reading difficulty. The results confirmed the frequently reported finding that most, if not all children with a specific reading difficulty have poor phonological awareness. In addition, poor phonological awareness in the reading‐difficulty group was associated with significantly poorer nonword reading ability, and with poorer phonological memory. When the reading‐difficulty group was further subdivided with respect to Digit Span performance there was no difference in nonword reading with respect to this overall verbal short‐term memory measure. However, poor short‐term memory, regardless of phonological awareness level, was significantly associated with a lower WISC III Verbal IQ, in particular, significantly poorer performance on the WISC III Vocabulary, Comprehension and Similarities subtests, as well as with significantly poorer reading comprehension. In addition, poor short‐term memory regardless of phonological awareness ability was associated with poorer spelling and arithmetic performance.
Catabolism of 5-chlorosalicylate by a Bacillus isolated from the Mississippi River (1979)

A strain of Bacillus brevis isolated from a polluted section of the Mississippi River was shown to utilize 5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoate (5-chlorosalicylate) as a sale source of carbon and energy. Enzymic analyses of cell-free extracts prepared from 5-chlorosalicylate-grown cells demonstrated that the initial step in the pathway involved cleavage of the aromatic ring between C1 and C2 by a specific 5-chlorosalicylate 1,2-dioxygenase. Loss of chloride from the growth substrate occurred after ring fission and was probably enzyme mediated. An intermediate chlorolactone apparently lost chloride by enzymatic hydrolysis with formation of maleylpyruvate. Maleylpyruvate was further degraded by both glutathione-dependent and glutathione-independent mechanisms, with these reactions being identical to the terminal reactions of the gentisate pathway. It was suggested that this novel 5-chlorosalicylate pathway may have evolved by recruitment of enzymes from an ancestral gentisate pathway.
A versatile 3.3/2.5/1.8-V CMOS I/O driver built in a 0.2-μm, 3.5-nm Tox, 1.8-V CMOS technology (1999)

This I/O driver supports 3.3/2.5/1.8-V interfaces in a 3.5-nm Tox, 1.8-V CMOS technology. A bias generator, its switch capacitors, and a level shifter with protection network guarantee reliability and improve noise rejection. Measured output timing degradation is 2.5 ps per I/O switching. Buried resistors limit variation in output impedance. Interface delay of 2 ns with worst case I/O switching allows 400-MHz operation.
Age-related ocular blood flow changes. (1996)

The data revealed that as age increased, PA decreased in all three series of measurements. POBF decreased with age, and in subjects older than 50 years, the decrease was more evident. These findings are especially noticeable after IOP increase with suction cup. It must be considered that the age-related value of POBF is a fundamental parameter to evaluate correctly the hemodynamic aspects of the pathologies affecting the eye.
Increased Cell Surface Expression of Receptors for Transforming Growth Factor-β on Osteoblasts from Patients with Osteogenesis imperfecta (2000)

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable connective tissue disorder usually characterized by either a reduction in the production of normal collagen I or the synthesis of abnormal collagen. The variability in the clinical phenotype is not in each case sufficiently explained by the underlying mutation in the collagen I genes. Also, biochemical differences between mutant collagen from different tissues suggest additional regulatory mechanisms possibly involved in matrix deposition and maturation, two processes in which transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) plays an important role. We, therefore, studied the cell surface expression and functional properties of TGF-beta receptors I, II and III on osteoblasts from a group of OI patients compared to healthy controls. Receptor number and affinity were determined by Scatchard analysis of binding data and TGF-beta receptor II gene expression was assessed by RT-PCR. Ligand-induced downregulation of TGF-beta receptors was analyzed to demonstrate the dynamic response to exogenous stimuli. All experiments were performed in parallel in human osteoblastic cells from OI patients and from age-matched controls. TGF-beta receptors I, II and III (betaglycan) were present on osteoblasts from both healthy donors and OI patients. The receptor numbers were significantly higher (29,000 per cell) on OI osteoblasts than on age-matched control osteoblasts (12,000 per cell) in spite of similar steady state levels for TGF-beta receptor II mRNA in OI and control cells. Furthermore, receptor affinity was not significantly different in OI osteoblasts (181 vs. 177 nM(-1)), and the receptor number did not depend on the culture substrate. With respect to dynamic adaption, ligand-induced downregulation of TGF-beta receptors was reduced in OI osteoblasts. In conclusion, the human osteoblastic cells from patients with OI investigated all have an elevated number of cell surface receptors for TGF-beta, without any evidence for a transcriptional regulation of TGF-beta receptor II. On the functional level, there is some evidence for an impaired adaptive behavior of receptor presentation, whereas receptor affinity is unchanged.
Differential 14-3-3 Affinity Capture Reveals New Downstream Targets of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Signaling (2009)

We devised a strategy of 14-3-3 affinity capture and release, isotope differential (d(0)/d(4)) dimethyl labeling of tryptic digests, and phosphopeptide characterization to identify novel targets of insulin/IGF1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling. Notably four known insulin-regulated proteins (PFK-2, PRAS40, AS160, and MYO1C) had high d(0)/d(4) values meaning that they were more highly represented among 14-3-3-binding proteins from insulin-stimulated than unstimulated cells. Among novel candidates, insulin receptor substrate 2, the proapoptotic CCDC6, E3 ubiquitin ligase ZNRF2, and signaling adapter SASH1 were confirmed to bind to 14-3-3s in response to IGF1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling. Insulin receptor substrate 2, ZNRF2, and SASH1 were also regulated by phorbol ester via p90RSK, whereas CCDC6 and PRAS40 were not. In contrast, the actin-associated protein vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein and lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor, which had low d(0)/d(4) scores, bound 14-3-3s irrespective of IGF1 and phorbol ester. Phosphorylated Ser(19) of ZNRF2 (RTRAYpS(19)GS), phospho-Ser(90) of SASH1 (RKRRVpS(90)QD), and phospho- Ser(493) of lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (RPRARpS(493)LD) provide one of the 14-3-3-binding sites on each of these proteins. Differential 14-3-3 capture provides a powerful approach to defining downstream regulatory mechanisms for specific signaling pathways.
The Study of Methods for the Estimation of Rainfall Recharge to and Evaporation from Shallow Groundwater Systems (1994)

Rainfall infiltration and evaporation from water table are the two major hydrological parameters of recharge and discharge of shallow groundwater systems. In this paper, based on theory of soil water dynamics and numerical simulation, as well as analysis of groundwater regime observation data, factors effecting rainfall recharge Pr and the traditional concept of antecedent rainfall Pa and reduction factor K adapted to the calculation of recharge to groundwater are clarified. A new method for estimating rainfall recharge from the relationship between rainfall plus antecedent rainfall P + Pa, water table depth D and rainfall recharge Pr, P + Pa D Pr, is proposed and verified by observed data obtained in a water balance pilot area. Numerical and empirical methods for estimating evaporation from shallow water table are also introduced.
Genomic imprinting: review and relevance to human diseases. (1990)

This paper will first examine the evidence concerning genomic imprinting which has been accumulated over the past few years and then explore how it may relate to human development and human diseases
Stochastic analysis and design of CONWIP controlled production systems (2008)

Purpose This paper aims to present a model of a multi‐phase multi‐product manufacturing system considering a CONstant work‐in‐process (CONWIP) control mechanism and using continuous‐time Markov chain modelling approach. Design/methodology/approach The model includes defining a state space then constructing the rate matrix, which contains the transition rates, followed by formulating the transition matrix. The time‐dependent probabilities that a product is in a particular state at a certain time are characterized. Performance measures related to the statistics on the waiting time and average number of work‐in‐process in the production system have been determined. Consequently, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the computations of different model aspects. Findings The analyses explain a foundation needed for analyzing the steady state behavior of manufacturing systems. Results have shown how production data can be easily modified for what‐if analyses by the use of Excel add‐in tool. Practical implications The multi‐level model outlines a framework that provides a practical tool for production engineers seeking to enhance the performance of their production system by selecting the best order release mechanism. Originality/value A novel aspect of the work reported in this paper is the application of Chapman‐Kolmogrov mathematics and CONWIP ordering theory, which is developed for evaluating and managing CONWIP controlled production systems.
Thermal Decomposition of Sodium Carbonate Solutions. (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal Decomposition of Sodium Carbonate Solutions.Authur M. Thomas Jr.Cite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1963, 8, 1, 51–54Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60016a014https://doi.org/10.1021/je60016a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views997Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
077-V drive voltage electro-optic modulator with bandwidth exceeding 67  GHz (2014)

A 0.77-V drive voltage (V(π)) electro-optic modulator with bandwidth exceeding 67 GHz is described. Modulator is a compound semiconductor device fabricated using substrate removal technology. This allows placement of metal electrodes on both sides of an optical waveguide containing a p-i-n diode. Hence ohmic losses are reduced significantly. Electrode gap is essentially the same as i layer thickness, which can be kept very uniform and small. Waveguide core also contains a MQW, which improves electro-optic efficiency. Lack of p doping in the waveguide and large detuning between MQW absorption peak and operating wavelength keep the propagation loss low. Large size of the waveguide also helps to keep coupling loss low. Modulator is designed as a traveling wave device using the loaded line approach, which is used for velocity matching. Combination of these approaches yields a device with the lowest V(π) and widest bandwidth.
Effect of chain microstructure on modulus of ethylene–α‐olefin copolymers (1994)

Abstract A family of copolymers of ethylene and α‐olefin resins with homogeneous branching distribution, which behaves as elastomers at high short‐chain branching levels and acts as typical thermoplastics at low short‐chain branching levels, is now available. Control of this broad range of properties stems from the ability to control the molecular architecture more effectively using Dow's INSITE Trademark of The Dow Chemical Co. technology than in the past. Due to the unique combination of narrow short‐chain branching distribution (SCBD) and narrow molecular weight distribution (MWD), these resins provide a unique opportunity to model structure/property relationships in branched ethylene‐α‐olefin copolymers. The modulus in branched ethylene‐α‐olefin copolymers with aliphatic branches is shown to be primarily dictated by crystallinity. It is shown that the branch distribution and the branch type have an insignificant effect on the modulus of ethylene copolymers containing aliphatic branches at a given crystallinity. Modulus data have been successfully modeled in such systems using a lamellar fiber‐reinforced amorphous matrix composite model. Switching from aliphatic branches to cyclic branches significantly affected the modulus at similar crystallinities. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A simple fluorimetric method for the estimation of free 11-hydroxycorticoids in human plasma (1962)

A simple fluorimetric method is described for measuring free 11-hydroxycorticoids in human plasma. Only 2 ml. of plasma is required for each estimation and the fluorescence is read in a standard direct reading fluorimeter. Six estimations can be completed in one and a half hours. It thus compares favourably with the methods in current use for estimating urinary steroids, and has the added advantage of not being dependent on the accurate collection of 24-hour urine samples.
Production of C2–C4 diols from renewable bioresources: new metabolic pathways and metabolic engineering strategies (2017)

C2-C4 diols classically derived from fossil resource are very important bulk chemicals which have been used in a wide range of areas, including solvents, fuels, polymers, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Production of C2-C4 diols from renewable resources has received significant interest in consideration of the reducing fossil resource and the increasing environmental issues. While bioproduction of certain diols like 1,3-propanediol has been commercialized in recent years, biosynthesis of many other important C2-C4 diol isomers is highly challenging due to the lack of natural synthesis pathways. Recent advances in synthetic biology have enabled the de novo design of completely new pathways to non-natural molecules from renewable feedstocks. In this study, we review recent advances in bioproduction of C2-C4 diols, focusing on new metabolic pathways and metabolic engineering strategies being developed. We also discuss the challenges and future trends toward the development of economically competitive processes for bio-based diol production.
Optimization of input protection diode for high speed applications (2002)

Optimization of input protection diodes for high-speed applications including RF and Internet receivers is examined. The key parameters used to rate the diodes are the RC time constant and the failure point defined by HBM failure voltage per unit of capacitance. Minimizing the RC time constant for stripe diodes includes looking at tapered metal, wide ground stripes, slot contacts, background doping, and the length of the stripes. Maximizing the failure point includes looking at tapered metal, contacts, and proximity effects.