gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total Daily Pill Burden in HIV-Infected Patients in the Southern United States (2014)

The need for antiretroviral therapy coupled with treatment of chronic co-morbidities places HIV-infected patients at risk for polypharmacy. However, few studies have described overall pill burden among HIV-infected patients. HIV-infected outpatients of the UNC Infectious Diseases Clinic were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Subjects were contacted prior to a scheduled appointment and asked to bring all their medications to the visit. Daily total pill burden and medication type were recorded. 151 subjects were recruited: 76% male, 58% African American, 97% receiving antiretrovirals (ARVs). Median age was 48 (IRQ: 42-54) years. The median number of medications per subject was 8 (IQR: 6-11), and the median individual daily pill burden was 8 pills (IQR: 5-15): 3 pills (range: 2-5) for ARVs and 6 (range: 3-12.5) pills for non-ARVs. Duration of ART (per 2 years increase) and more than 3 co-morbidities was significantly associated with high pill burden (over 10 pills per day) with adjusted OR of 2.09 (95% CI, 1.14-3.84) and 8.04 (95% CI, 2.30-28.15), respectively. As patients with HIV age, strategies to reduce pill burden and number of medications will become increasingly critical to maintaining adherence, preventing medication errors, and serious drug-drug interactions.
<title>SMA recentering devices for seismic isolation of civil structures</title> (2001)

Two similar full scale seismic isolation SMA prototype devices, with 600 KN maximum force and 200 KN supplemental recentering force were the final product of the MANSIDE (Memory Alloys for New Seismic Isolation DEvices) project funded by the European Commission. Exploiting the superelastic behaviour of NiTi wires, they have full recentering and some energy dissipation capabilities, as well as high resistance to large strain cycle fatigue and great durability. They can be used for both bridges and building structures. Their applicability is demonstrated by an experimental application made on a small building in Italy. The building was subjected to a release test, by moving it 150 mm and then suddenly releasing it to measure free oscillations. A description of the devices, their applicability and the relevant experimental tests is provided in the paper.
Post-tensioned single wythe concrete masonry walls. (1986)

This study investigates post-tensioning as a means of increasing the flexural strength of single wythe concrete masonry walls. Wall panels are constructed of conventional concrete masonry units and mortar, the properties of which are determined. The wall panels are post-tensioned and grouted solid. Three groups of wall panels are post-tensioned with a different amount of post- tensioning force. A reinforced masonry wall panel is also constructed. The panels are tested in flexure. Each post-tensioned panel is tested twice. Based on strain data obtained during the first test, cracking moment is determined. In the second test, several panels are tested to failure. The flexural behavior of reinforced and post-tensioned masonry observed during testing is discussed. The deformation of the masonry caused by grouting, shrinkage and creep in two panel is monitored or a period of 90 days. The procedure used to design the post-tensioned wall panels is discussed. The construction of a post-tensioned wall in actual practice is examined.
Red blood cell sodium-proton exchange in hypertensive blacks with insulin-resistant glucose disposal. (1993)

To define the potential pathogenic role of hyperinsulinemia as a mediator of alterations in sodium transport, we have examined red blood cell Na(+)-H+ and Na(+)-Li+ exchanges in a young adult black population characterized for blood pressure and insulin-mediated glucose disposal. Normotensive and mildly hypertensive blacks (blood pressure, 120 +/- 2/76 +/- 2 and 139 +/- 3/94 +/- 2 mm Hg, respectively) with a mean age of 26.1 years were studied for insulin sensitivity with the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (molar index of insulin sensitivity, M/I = moles glucose metabolized/insulin in milliliters of plasma). Na(+)-H+ exchange (U = mmol/L cell.h) was measured before and after the insulin clamp as a function of cell pH to determine the maximum transport rate. In the normotensive subjects, 18 were insulin sensitive (M/I = 9.37 +/- 0.6 x 10(4)) and 4 were insulin resistant (M/I = 3.64 +/- 0.6 x 10(4)). In the hypertensive subjects, 4 were insulin sensitive (M/I = 9.15 +/- 1.1 x 10(4)) and 16 were insulin resistant (M/I = 3.02 +/- 0.3 x 10(4)). The maximum rate of Na(+)-H+ exchange was significantly higher in all hypertensive vs normotensive individuals (35 +/- 3 vs 23 +/- 3 U, P < .005). Na(+)-H+ exchange activity was higher in insulin-resistant vs insulin-sensitive hypertensive subjects (40 +/- 3 vs 20 +/- 2 U, P < .001) but not in insulin-resistant normotensive subjects. Na(+)-Li+ exchange was not different in hypertensive and normotensive individuals but was higher in all insulin-resistant compared with all insulin-sensitive subjects (0.26 +/- 0.03 vs 0.16 +/- 0.02 U, P < .01). Na(+)-Li+ exchange also was higher in insulin-resistant vs insulin-sensitive normotensive subjects (0.35 +/- 0.03 vs 0.15 +/- 0.02 U, P < .001) and in insulin-resistant hypertensive subjects vs insulin-sensitive normotensive subjects (0.24 +/- 0.03 vs 0.15 +/- 0.02 U, P < .001). A stepwise multiple regression analysis for all variables revealed that with Na(+)-H+ exchange as a dependent variable the main determinant was blood pressure, which in turn had insulin sensitivity as the main determinant. In conclusion, these results indicate that in hypertensive blacks, insulin-resistant glucose disposal is strongly associated with elevated red blood cell Na(+)-H+ exchange activity. Thus, despite impaired insulin-mediated glucose disposal, cellular Na+ gain via enhanced activity of Na(+)-H+ exchange is not blunted in hypertensive blacks.
A novel immunoglobulin superfamily receptor (19A) related to CD2 is expressed on activated lymphocytes and promotes homotypic B-cell adhesion (2002)

A novel lymphocyte-specific immunoglobulin superfamily protein (19A) has been cloned. The predicted 335-amino-acid sequence of 19A represents a Type 1 membrane protein with homology with the CD2 family of receptors. A molecular model of the two predicted extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains of 19A has been generated using the crystal structure of CD2 as a template. In isolated lymphocytes, expression of 19A is induced by various activation stimuli, and enforced expression of the 19A gene promotes homotypic cell adhesion in a B-cell-line model. Collectively these data imply that the 19A protein plays a role in regulation of lymphocyte adhesion.
Protective ability and specificity of convalescent serum from calves with Haemophilus somnus pneumonia (1987)

The ability of convalescent serum to passively protect calves against Haemophilus somnus-induced pneumonia was studied. Preimmune and convalescent serum were obtained from calves before or after recovery from experimental chronic H. somnus pneumonia. Passive protection was assessed in another group of calves by intrabronchial inoculation of H. somnus that had been incubated with preimmune or convalescent serum. Each calf was inoculated with each treatment in alternating caudal lung lobes. Twenty-four hours after inoculation almost no pneumonia was present in lungs inoculated with bacteria incubated with convalescent serum, whereas severe pneumonia was present in lungs inoculated with bacteria incubated with preimmune serum. Quantitation of calf pneumonia in both treatment groups indicated a significantly different protective capacity between convalescent serum and preimmune serum (P less than 0.0005). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by Western blotting of purified H. somnus lipopolysaccharide resulted in intense reactivity with convalescent serum, but no reactivity was detected with preimmune serum. After sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of H. somnus outer membrane-enriched fractions, Western blots with convalescent serum gave intense reactions against H. somnus outer membrane antigens with apparent molecular masses of 78 and 40 kilodaltons and weaker reactions with 60-, 34-, 31-, 29-, 18-, and 15-kilodalton outer membrane antigens. No reactivity was detected with preimmune serum. Antibodies eluted from H. somnus after adsorption of convalescent serum reacted almost identically to unadsorbed convalescent serum in Western blots against bacterial outer membrane-enriched fractions. Thus, most of the antigens recognized by convalescent serum are likely to be on the bacterial surface and accessible to antibody. Surface antigens recognized by protective convalescent serum are candidate antigens for a subunit vaccine against H. somnus pneumonia.
Percutaneous aspiration of cystic lesions of the spinal cord (1970)

✓ Four patients are presented, each of whom had percutaneous aspiration of an intramedullary cyst of the spinal cord performed as a therapeutic measure. This method, its advantages, and its limitations are discussed.
Silencing of hypoxia-inducible adrenomedullin using RNA interference attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth in vivo (2014)

Adrenomedullin (ADM) is an angiogenic peptide that has been shown to increase the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and to promote tumor cell survival following hypoxia. ADM may induce microvessel proliferation and partially decrease hypoxia in solid tumors, thus contributing to the proliferation of tumor cells, as well as tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the impact of hypoxia‑induced ADM expression on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells requires further elucidation. In the present study it was found that the levels of ADM mRNA in tumor tissue from patients with HCC were significantly increased compared with the mRNA levels in adjacent non‑tumorous liver tissue. Under hypoxic conditions, the mRNA and protein levels of ADM, as well as those of the cancer‑promoting genes vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia‑inducible factor 1α, were significantly elevated in a time‑dependent manner in three human HCC cell lines. In addition, knockdown of ADM expression using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) in SMMC‑7721 cells resulted in apoptosis that was not observed in untransfected cells. Furthermore, combined treatment with cisplatin and ADM‑shRNA significantly decreased tumor growth in vivo compared with treatment with cisplatin or ADM‑shRNA alone. These data demonstrate that ADM acts as a critical promoter of cell cycle progression in HCC and that the inhibition of ADM may be an effective interventional therapeutic strategy in HCC.
Acrolein Determination by Means of Tryptophane. A Colorimetric Micromethod (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcrolein Determination by Means of Tryptophane. A Colorimetric MicromethodSidney J. Circle, Leonard Stone, and C.S. BoruffCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 1945, 17, 4, 259–262Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i560140a021https://doi.org/10.1021/i560140a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views763Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
MR in the far field: From mode transformation and holography to quasi-optics (2011)

Fundamental properties of holography such as storage, recall and matched filtering, arising out of momentum matching considerations of the propagating excitation fields, have been experimentally demonstrated for the first time in MR. As the wavelength of the MR scanner becomes commensurate or smaller than the geometrical thickness of the sample, new phenomena common in quantum optics but hitherto unknown in MR. Far field concept such as interference and diffraction, will become prevalent with the use of propagating excitation fields in MRI. This realization of holographic principles in MR can be fruitful in designing MR imaging and spectroscopic techniques such as phase conjugate imaging for correcting image distortions caused by field inhomogeneities, as well as new spatial encoding schemes based on a holographic grating encoding. In addition, it has potential to lead to new concepts for information storage and processing at MR frequencies.
High Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion Properties of High Entropy Superalloys (2016)

The present work investigates the high temperature oxidation and corrosion behaviour of high entropy superalloys (HESA). A high content of various solutes in HESA leads to formation of complex oxides, however the Cr and Al activities of HESA are sufficient to promote protective chromia or alumina formation on the surface. By comparing the oxidation and corrosion resistances of a Ni-based superalloy—CM247LC, Al2O3-forming HESA can possess comparable oxidation resistance at 1100 °C, and Cr2O3-forming HESA can exhibit superior resistance against hot corrosion at 900 °C. This work has demonstrated the potential of HESA to maintain surface stability in oxidizing and corrosive environments.
Investigation of electrostatic interactions in two-stranded coiled-coils through residue shuffling (1996)

The effects of electrostatic interactions on the stability of coiled-coils were investigated using the strategy of shuffling the sequence without changing the overall content of amino acid residues in the peptides. Shuffling the sequence provides peptides with thermodynamically similar unfolded states. Therefore, the unfolded state can be used as a universal reference state in comparing the thermodynamic properties of the folded coiled-coil structure of the peptides, while varying the configuration of ionized groups, that is, changing the types and number of potential electrostatic interactions. The relative stabilities of these states were determined by monitoring the temperature-induced folding/unfolding of the peptides in solutions with different pH and ionic strength by circular dichroism spectroscopy and scanning microcalorimetry. It was found that, in solutions with low ionic strength, ionic pairs contribute significantly to the stability of the coiled-coil conformation. The stability increases with an increase in the number of ionized groups in the peptide upon changing pH from acidic to neutral. In contrast, in the solutions with high ionic strength, the coiled-coil becomes less stable at neutral pH than at acidic pH. Most surprisingly, the increase in Gibbs energy of stabilization of the coiled-coil state with increasing pH at low ionic strength proceeds with a decrease in the enthalpy and entropy of unfolding. This observation can be explained only by hydration of ionized groups upon unfolding of coiled-coils which is associated with significant negative enthalpy and entropy effects.
Layout-aware pseudo-functional testing for critical paths considering power supply noise effects (2010)

When testing delay faults on critical paths, conventional structural test patterns may be applied in functionally-unreachable states, leading to over-testing or under-testing of the circuits. In this paper, we propose novel layout-aware pseudo-functional testing techniques to tackle the above problem. Firstly, by taking the circuit layout information into account, functional constraints related to delay faults on critical paths are extracted. Then, we generate functionally-reachable test cubes for every true critical path in the circuit. Finally, we fill the don't-care bits in the test cubes to maximize power supply noises on critical paths under the consideration of functional constraints. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is verified with large ISCAS'89 benchmark circuits.
Self-Paced (Asynchronous) BCI Control of a Wheelchair in Virtual Environments: A Case Study with a Tetraplegic (2007)

The aim of the present study was to demonstrate for the first time that brain waves can be used by a tetraplegic to control movements of his wheelchair in virtual reality (VR). In this case study, the spinal cord injured (SCI) subject was able to generate bursts of beta oscillations in the electroencephalogram (EEG) by imagination of movements of his paralyzed feet. These beta oscillations were used for a self-paced (asynchronous) brain-computer interface (BCI) control based on a single bipolar EEG recording. The subject was placed inside a virtual street populated with avatars. The task was to "go" from avatar to avatar towards the end of the street, but to stop at each avatar and talk to them. In average, the participant was able to successfully perform this asynchronous experiment with a performance of 90%, single runs up to 100%.
A 76 MHz programmable logic sequencer (2003)

The authors describe a BiCMOS programmable logic sequencer which provides reduced power, has functional density and flexibility similar to that of CMOS, and maintains speed as high as that of bipolar devices. The device is organized as 16 inputs, 48 product terms, and 8 registered outputs. Both logic AND and OR arrays are designed for user-programmability, enabling any chosen product term to be shared as a common sum-of-products by all of the outputs without resorting to a large number of product terms. A separate BiCMOS programming path test chip, compatible with this device, was manufactured simultaneously and evaluated separately. The equivalent gate count for this device is approximately 1000 gates. A maximum operating frequency of 76 Mhz, with 6-ns clock to output delay and 7-ns input setup time at a power dissipation of 370 mW, has been achieved. The process used to fabricate this device is a merged bipolar and CMOS technology featuring 1.9- mu m L/sub eff/ and 1.2- mu m*3- mu m emitter, three-layer metal and single-layer polycide for interconnections, TiW fuses, PtSi Schottky diodes, and polysilicon resistors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The use of mechanical restraint and seclusion in patients with schizophrenia: a comparison of the practice in Germany and Switzerland. (2007)

The results showed different patterns in the use of seclusion and mechanical restraint across Swiss and German hospitals. For future European research on the use of compulsory measures in routine psychiatric care, there is a need for uniformed definitions, reliable documentation of coercive measures as well as for an identical way of data analysis. To meet these conditions is the first step to achieve European standards for the use of coercive measures.
Protecting data privacy in private information retrieval schemes (1998)

Private Information Retrieval (PIR) schemes allow a user to retrieve the i-th bit of a data string 2, replicated in k 2 2 databnaes (in the information-theoretic setting) or k 2 1 databnses (in the computational setting), while keeping the value of i private, The main cost measure for such a scheme io its communication complexity.
Cyclins and <i>Cdc2</i> Kinases in <i>Drosophila</i> : Genetic Analyses in a Higher Eukaryote (2007)

Cyclin proteins and the kinases with which they associate are encoded by gene families in multicellular eukaryotes. A variety of cyclin/kinase complexes with different functions may exist. We have started a genetic dissection of this complexity in Drosophila. We have done experiments to investigate a potential functional overlap between two kinases (Dmcdc2 and Dmcdc2c) and two cyclins (cyclin A and cyclin B). No functional overlap was observed between the Dmcdc2 and the Dmcdc2c kinases. The phenotype resulting from mutations in Dmcdc2 was not affected by altering the level of Dmcdc2c. Our results concerning cyclin A and cyclin B strongly suggest that these two cyclins have largely overlapping functions. Cell proliferation was observed in the absence of either cyclin A or cyclin B, but not if both cyclins were absent. Cyclin A also has essential functions that cannot be taken over by cyclin B, but these functions appear to be required at defined developmental stages in specific tissues only.
Determination of Residual Stress Profile Using a Strain Gage Technique (1990)

A simple beam theory analysis is presented for the determination of residual stress patterns in beams or plates using a strain gage technique. The analysis is valid for a general stress distribution which need not be symmetric with respect to the neural axis. The experimental approach consists of attaching a strain gage on the surface of a beam or a plate and then grinding off the other side. The recorded strain vs thickness ground off data can be used to determine the corresponding stress profile.
SAMP14, a Novel, Acrosomal Membrane-associated, Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored Member of the Ly-6/Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Receptor Superfamily with a Role in Sperm-Egg Interaction (2003)

We report a new member of the Ly-6/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) superfamily of receptors, SAMP14, which is retained on the inner acrosomal membrane of the human spermatozoan following the acrosome reaction and may play a role in fertilization. The SAMP14 sequence predicted a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein with a signal peptide, a transmembrane domain near the carboxyl terminus, and a putative transamidase cleavage site in the proprotein. Attachment of SAMP14 to the membrane by a lipid anchor was confirmed by its sensitivity to phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C. SAMP14 has a single functional domain similar to the Ly-6 and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor superfamily of proteins, and the gene mapped to 19q13.33, near the PLAUR locus for uPAR at 19q13.2. Northern and dot blotting showed that SAMP14 expression was testis-specific. Indirect immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy with antisera to purified recombinant SAMP14 localized the protein to outer and inner acrosomal membranes as well as the acrosomal matrix of ejaculated human sperm. Acrosome-reacted sperm demonstrated SAMP14 immunofluorescence, indicating its retention on the inner acrosomal membrane following the acrosome reaction. However, SAMP14 localized to the entire sperm when unwashed swim-up sperm from the ejaculate were stained, indicating that some SAMP14 is loosely associated with the plasma membrane. Antibodies against recombinant SAMP14 inhibited both the binding and the fusion of human sperm to zona free hamster eggs, suggesting that SAMP14 may have a role in sperm-egg interaction. SAMP14 represents a GPI-anchored putative receptor in the Ly-6/uPAR family that is exposed on the inner acrosomal membrane after the acrosome reaction.