gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Location- and Person-Independent Activity Recognition with WiFi, Deep Neural Networks, and Reinforcement Learning (2021)

In recent years, Channel State Information (CSI) measured by WiFi is widely used for human activity recognition. In this article, we propose a deep learning design for location- and person-independent activity recognition with WiFi. The proposed design consists of three Deep Neural Networks (DNNs): a 2D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) as the recognition algorithm, a 1D CNN as the state machine, and a reinforcement learning agent for neural architecture search. The recognition algorithm learns location- and person-independent features from different perspectives of CSI data. The state machine learns temporal dependency information from history classification results. The reinforcement learning agent optimizes the neural architecture of the recognition algorithm using a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). The proposed design is evaluated in a lab environment with different WiFi device locations, antenna orientations, sitting/standing/walking locations/orientations, and multiple persons. The proposed design has 97% average accuracy when testing devices and persons are not seen during training. The proposed design is also evaluated by two public datasets with accuracy of 80% and 83%. The proposed design needs very little human efforts for ground truth labeling, feature engineering, signal processing, and tuning of learning parameters and hyperparameters.
Optical Inter-Orbit Communication Technology:Future Space Communication Infrastructure (2011)

Optical free-space communication is a promising technology as a key element of future space
Effect of Dietary Animal Tallow and Vegetable Oil on Fatty Acid Composition of Egg Yolk, Adipose Tissue and Liver of Laying Hens (1973)

Effect of four levels of dietary animal tallow, soybean oil, sunflower oil and rapeseed oil on the changes in the fatty acid composition of liver, egg yolk and adipose tissue of laying hens was studied. Changes in the fatty acid composition were generally proportional to the respective fatty acid patterns of dietary fat. Linoleic acid from soybean, sunflower oil and rapeseed oil source was preferentially deposited in tissue and egg yolk with a simultaneous depression of oleic and palmitoleic deposition. Constant or increasing level of long chain saturated acid was found irrespective of dietary stearic acid level when hens were fed high linoleic acid diets. Animal tallow or low-fat decreased linoleic acid and increased oleic acid in tissue and egg yolk, indicating that linoleic acid was conserved in the body fat of laying hens and that oleic acid was preferentially synthesized from non-fat or fat precursors. High dietary levels of rapeseed oil suppressed the linoleic acid deposition and increased the oleic acid in the liver. Erucic acid of the diet was deposited in substantial amount in egg yolk and liver, whereas none was detected in adipose tissue. Linolenic acid from soybean oil was more actively deposited in egg yolk and tissue than from rapeseed oil. The metabolic fate of individual fatty acids from different fat sources and their interaction due to the fatty acid make-up of dietary oils were discussed.
hnRNP H and hnRNP F Complex with Fox2 To Silence Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Exon IIIc (2008)

The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H (hnRNP) family of proteins has been shown to activate exon inclusion by binding intronic G triplets. Much less is known, however, about how hnRNP H and hnRNP F silence exons. In this study, we identify hnRNP H and hnRNP F proteins as being novel silencers of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 exon IIIc. In cells that normally include this exon, we show that the overexpression of either hnRNP H1 or hnRNP F resulted in the dramatic silencing of exon IIIc. In cells that normally skip exon IIIc, skipping was disrupted when RNA interference was used to knock down both hnRNP H and hnRNP F. We show that an exonic GGG motif overlapped a critical exonic splicing enhancer, which was predicted to bind the SR protein ASF/SF2. Furthermore, the expression of ASF/SF2 reversed the silencing of exon IIIc caused by the expression of hnRNP H1. We show that hnRNP H and hnRNP F proteins are present in a complex with Fox2 and that the presence of Fox allows hnRNP H1 to better compete with ASF/SF2 for binding to exon IIIc. These results establish hnRNP H and hnRNP F as being repressors of exon inclusion and suggest that Fox proteins enhance their ability to antagonize ASF/SF2.
Automatically Annotating Text with Linked Open Data. (2011)

paper presents and evaluates two existing word sense disambiguation approaches which are adapted to annotate text with several popular Linked Open Data datasets. One of the algorithms is based on relationships between resources, while the other one takes advantage of resource definitions provided by the datasets. The aim is to test their applicability when annotating text with resources from WordNet, OpenCyc and DBpedia. The experiments expose several shortcomings related to the current approaches, which are mostly connected to overfitting the datasets. Based on the findings, we indicate future work directions regarding text annotation with Linked Open Data resources, which can bridge these shortcomings.
Detection of Myocardial Infarction Using Delayed Enhancement Dual-Energy CT in Stable Patients (2017)

In this study, delayed enhancement DECT allowed the detection of myocardial infarcts in stable patients.
Social stress and the reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus type 1 (1998)

Psychological stress is thought to contribute to reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus (HSV). Although several animal models have been developed in an effort to reproduce different pathogenic aspects of HSV keratitis or labialis, until now, no good animal model existed in which application of a psychological laboratory stressor results in reliable reactivation of the virus. Reported herein, disruption of the social hierarchy within colonies of mice increased aggression among cohorts, activated the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and caused reactivation of latent HSV type 1 in greater than 40% of latently infected animals. However, activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis using restraint stress did not activate the latent virus. Thus, the use of social stress in mice provides a good model in which to investigate the neuroendocrine mechanisms that underlie behaviorally mediated reactivation of latent herpesviruses.
CoPoMo: a context‐aware power consumption model for LTE user equipment (2013)

ABSTRACT Increasing the battery lifetime of power‐hungry mobile devices has become a major research target for mobile operators. Based on extensive measurement campaigns with the most recent Long Term Evolution (LTE) devices, we introduce a new Markovian power consumption model, which takes into account the chosen system parameters (such as the number of physical resource blocks) as well as the context of a user in terms of radio channel conditions and service characteristics (non‐real‐time vs. real time). One key advancement of this generic model is its stochastic nature, which allows for determining the average power consumption of a device based on usage profiles including location information and service statistics. We have conducted comprehensive system simulations using realistic channel characteristics derived from ray‐tracing analyses and validated the new model. Finally, we show that the proposed context‐aware power consumption model enables quantitative analyses of the trade‐off between network resource allocation and enhanced battery lifetime. © 2013 The Authors. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exercise for intermittent claudication (2008)

Exercise programmes were of significant benefit compared with placebo or usual care in improving walking time and distance in selected patients with leg pain from IC.
Flow cytometry immunophenotypic analysis of philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms: Correlation with histopathologic features (2014)

MPNs exhibit frequent immunophenotypic alterations, more pronounced in cases with adverse histopathologic features. These findings illustrate that immunophenotypic alterations are a part of constellational findings in MPN, and correlate progressively with disease stage. The study results also suggest a role of FCI in diagnosis of MPN and monitoring disease over time and after therapy.
The determination of glycopeptides by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry with collision-induced dissociation (1992)

Glycopeptides derived from ribonuclease B and ovomucoid have been subjected to collisioninduced dissociation (CID) in the second quadrupole of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Doubly charged parent ions gave predictable fragmentation that yielded partial sequence information of the attached oligosaccharide as Hex and HexNAc units. Common oxonium ions are observed in the product ion mass spectra of the glycopeptides that correspond to HexNAc(+) (m/z 204) and HexHexNAc(+) (m/z 366). A strategy for locating the glycopeptides in the proteolytic digest mixtures of glycoproteins by ions spray liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) is described by utilizing CID in the declustering region of the atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer to produce these characteristic oxonium ions. This LC/CID/MS approach is used to identify glycopeptides in proteolytic digest mixtures of ovomucoid, asialofetuin, and fetuin. LC/CID/MS in the selected ion monitoring mode may be used to identify putative glycopeptides from the proteolytic digest of fetuin.
A Bayesian network framework for reject inference (2004)

Most learning methods assume that the training set is drawn randomly from the population to which the learned model is to be applied. However in many applications this assumption is invalid. For example, lending institutions create models of who is likely to repay a loan from training sets consisting of people in their records to whom loans were given in the past; however, the institution approved loan applications previously based on who was thought unlikely to default. Learning from only approved loans yields an incorrect model because the training set is a biased sample of the general population of applicants. The issue of including rejected samples in the learning process, or alternatively using rejected samples to adjust a model learned from accepted samples only, is called reject inference.The main contribution of this paper is a systematic analysis of different cases that arise in reject inference, with explanations of which cases arise in various real-world situations. We use Bayesian networks to formalize each case as a set of conditional independence relationships and identify eight cases, including the familiar missing completely at random (MCAR), missing at random (MAR), and missing not at random (MNAR) cases. For each case we present an overview of available learning algorithms. These algorithms have been published in separate fields of research, including epidemiology, econometrics, clinical trial evaluation, sociology, and credit scoring; our second major contribution is to describe these algorithms in a common framework.
Dissimilatory Reduction of Fe(III) and Other Electron Acceptors by a <i>Thermus</i> Isolate (1999)

A thermophilic bacterium that can use O2, NO3-, Fe(III), and S0 as terminal electron acceptors for growth was isolated from groundwater sampled at a 3.2-km depth in a South African gold mine. This organism, designated SA-01, clustered most closely with members of the genus Thermus, as determined by 16S rRNA gene (rDNA) sequence analysis. The 16S rDNA sequence of SA-01 was >98% similar to that of Thermus strain NMX2 A.1, which was previously isolated by other investigators from a thermal spring in New Mexico. Strain NMX2 A.1 was also able to reduce Fe(III) and other electron acceptors. Neither SA-01 nor NMX2 A.1 grew fermentatively, i.e., addition of an external electron acceptor was required for anaerobic growth. Thermus strain SA-01 reduced soluble Fe(III) complexed with citrate or nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA); however, it could reduce only relatively small quantities (0.5 mM) of hydrous ferric oxide except when the humic acid analog 2,6-anthraquinone disulfonate was added as an electron shuttle, in which case 10 mM Fe(III) was reduced. Fe(III)-NTA was reduced quantitatively to Fe(II); reduction of Fe(III)-NTA was coupled to the oxidation of lactate and supported growth through three consecutive transfers. Suspensions of Thermus strain SA-01 cells also reduced Mn(IV), Co(III)-EDTA, Cr(VI), and U(VI). Mn(IV)-oxide was reduced in the presence of either lactate or H2. Both strains were also able to mineralize NTA to CO2 and to couple its oxidation to Fe(III) reduction and growth. The optimum temperature for growth and Fe(III) reduction by Thermus strains SA-01 and NMX2 A.1 is approximately 65 degrees C; their optimum pH is 6.5 to 7.0. This is the first report of a Thermus sp. being able to couple the oxidation of organic compounds to the reduction of Fe, Mn, or S.
UV‐curable systems containing perfluoropolyether structures: Synthesis and characterisation (1997)

Abstract The synthesis of new functionalised macromers containing perfluoropolyether structures (PFPE) is reported. They are obtained by reaction of bis‐CH 2 OH terminated PFPE with isocyanato‐ethyl methacrylate (EIM), giving rise to the formation of perfluoropolyether bisurethane methacrylate (PFEUMA) oligomers. The products are characterised by NMR and FTIR analyses. The thermal behaviour reveals two amorphous phases, corresponding to the fluorinated and the hydrogenated moieties, while a crystalline phase can be present depending on the macromer structure. The functionalised macromers are UV‐cured in the presence of a photoinitiator and the complete disappearance of the double bonds is obtained. The cured films are characterised by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) confirming the presence of a multiphasic structure. Moreover the optical properties and the surface properties of the cured systems are investigated and discussed.
Novel FSK heterodyne single-filter detection system using no IF frequency lock (1989)

A frequency-shift keyed (FSK) modulation/single-filter detection system which does not require an intermediate-frequency (IF) locking loop is reported. This system utilizes a laser frequency-locked to an atomic line (krypton 2p/sub 8/-3d/sub 1/" transition at 1.5224 mu m) as both transmitter and local oscillator. As a result, communication can be initiated without any manual adjustment to match the wavelengths of transmitter and local oscillator lasers. No significant degradation in the receiver sensitivity was observed due to the slight frequency dither used to lock the laser frequency to an atomic transition line.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
NFAT in Lymphocytes: A Factor for All Events? (2007)

A typical immune response to infection by a microbe results in rapid amplification and subsequent differentiation of a few antigen-specific naïve lymphocytes into many effector lymphocytes. Upon antigen exposure, these effector T or B cells rapidly secrete large amounts of either lymphokines (cytokines produced by lymphocytes) or soluble antibodies, respectively. Although the vast majority of these effector cells die after antigen clearance, some cells survive as memory cells and give lifelong protection to the host against a second infection by the same microbe. It has been appreciated for years that memory cells respond more rapidly than do naïve lymphocytes; however, the molecular mechanisms controlling memory cells remain largely unknown. A study now shows that abundance of the transcription factors nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 and c2 (NFATc1 and NFATc2) is much higher in memory (and effector) T cells than in naïve T cells. This suggests that NFATs have an important function in memory T cells but leaves open the questions of which transcription factors control interleukin-2 (IL-2) synthesis in naïve T cells and which mechanisms generate the high abundance of NFAT in memory T cells.
Novel carboranyl amino acids and peptides: reagents for antibody modification and subsequent neutron-capture studies (1991)

A new alpha-amino acid derivative incorporating the 1,2-dicarba-closo- dodecarborane(12) cage, namely 5-(2-methyl-1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecarborane(12)-1-yl)- 2-aminopentanoic acid (2), was synthesized by the alkylation of the benzophenone Schiff's base of glycine methyl ester with 3-(2-methyl-1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane(12)-1-yl)pr opyl iodide (8). This amino acid was employed in the synthesis of peptide derivatives such as 19-21 using solid-phase Merrifield methods. Dipeptide 19 was converted to a water-soluble ionic derivative by the pyrrolidine-mediated carborane cage degradation reaction followed by cation exchange to afford sodium salt 22. Dansylation of 22 with dansyl chloride yielded fluorescence-labeled dipeptide 23. Undecapeptide 21 was dansylated while still anchored to the Merrifield resin. Following its cleavage from the resin with hydrogen fluoride, product 25 was acetylated to block the free amino group on the lysine residue and then converted to water-soluble derivative 27. Trial conjugations of dipeptide 23 and undecapeptide 27 to T84.66, an anti-CEA antibody, were carried out by means of carboxyl activation with N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide and N,N-diisopropylcarbodiimide. Studies of the chemical syntheses of these and other peptide derivatives and the conjugation of 23 and 27 to the antibody are described.
The <i>I</i>-<i>V</i> characteristics of double-barrier resonant tunneling diodes: Observation and calculation on their temperature dependence and asymmetry (1991)

We report a calculation on the current-voltage characteristics of double-barrier resonant tunneling diodes. The results can well-explain experimental observations, in particular, the temperature dependence of both the absolute current amplitude and the resonant voltage positions. Our calculation takes into account the self-consistent Poisson equation, quantum mechanical tunneling, and band-gap offset at the heterojunctions. In addition, the calculation includes a realistic scattering-induced broadening effect, with which a quantitative fit throughout the entire negative differential resistance (NDR) region is demonstrated. Finally, we show that the differential resistance in the NDR region can be tuned, when asymmetrical tunneling barriers are used.
Primary Platelet Adhesion Receptors (2005)

Thrombotic diseases such as heart attack and stroke remain a major health concern in the Western world despite existing anti-thrombotic drugs. Current studies are revealing structure-function relationships of primary platelet adhesion receptors mediating adhesion, activation and aggregation, and the molecular mechanisms underlying platelet thrombus formation. Platelet adhesion is relevant not only to thrombotic disease, but there is increasing evidence of a specific role for platelets in vascular processes such as inflammation and atherogenesis. This review focuses on recent advances in understanding the molecular basis for platelet thrombus formation, in particular the receptors, glycoprotein (GP)Ib-IX-V and GPVI, that initiate platelet adhesion and activation at high shear stress.
Allocating transmission loss to loads and generators through complex power flow tracing (2007)

This paper presents a new method for complex power flow tracing that can be used for allocating the transmission loss to loads or generators. Two algorithms for upstream tracing (UST) and downstream tracing (DST) of the complex power are introduced. UST algorithm traces the complex power extracted by loads back to source nodes and assigns a fraction of the complex power flow through each line to each load. DST algorithm traces the output of the generators down to the sink nodes determining the contributions of each generator to the complex power flow and losses through each line. While doing so, active- and reactive-power flows as well as complex losses are considered simultaneously, not separately as most of the available methods do. Transmission losses are taken into consideration during power flow tracing. Unbundling line losses are carried out using an equation, which has a physical basis, and considers the coupling between active- and reactive-power flows as well as the cross effects of active and reactive powers on active and reactive losses. The tracing algorithms introduced can be considered direct to a good extent, as there is no need for exhaustive search to determine the flow paths as these are determined in a systematic way during the course of tracing. Results of application of the proposed method are also presented.
<title>Airborne ground illuminator for hyperspectral validation and calibration</title> (1996)

A major difficulty in accurately quantifying various of the Earth's geophysical and biophysical features from the multi- spectral reflectance data acquired from space is the lack of extensive and reliable validation measurements from good ground truth. A new, active airborne sensor system, AVIS (airborne vegetation index sensor), addresses that problem. AVIS uses a flash lamp mounted on a NASA helicopter to illuminate the Earth with a 15 by 35 mrad spot. The visible and near-IR backscattered radiation is then received hyperspectrally and can be analyzed. Initially designed for validation of theories on vegetation index determination, AVIS has broad application as a simulator for solar illumination for remote surface analysis. Its primary advantage is the reduction or elimination of atmospheric scattering and solar angle effects, and the removal of shadowing. It also provides repeatability for time analysis over the same sites.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Latency-Associated Transcripts Suppress Viral Replication and Reduce Immediate-Early Gene mRNA Levels in a Neuronal Cell Line (1998)

ABSTRACT During herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latent infection in human dorsal root ganglia, limited viral transcription, which has been linked to HSV-1 reactivation ability, takes place. To study the involvement of this transcription in HSV-1 replication in neuronal cells and consequently in viral latency, we constructed stably transfected neuronal cell lines containing (i) the entire HSV-1 latency transcriptionally active DNA fragment, (ii) the same DNA sequence with deletions of the latency-associated transcript (LAT) promoters, or (iii) the DNA coding sequence of the LAT domain. Replication of HSV-1 or a LAT-negative mutant was markedly repressed in the LAT-expressing cells, a phenomenon mediated by the LATs. To study the mechanism responsible for this effect, we examined LAT influence upon expression of HSV-1 immediate-early (IE) genes ICP0, ICP4, and ICP27, by Northern blot analysis. Following infection of a LAT-expressing neuronal cell line with a LAT-negative mutant, the steady-state levels of all three IE mRNAs were reduced compared to those for control cells. Transient transfections into a neuronal cell line indicated that the LAT suppressive effect upon ICP0 mRNA was mediated directly and was not due to the LAT effect upon the ICP0 promoter. We therefore propose that the LATs may repress viral replication in neuronal cells by reducing IE gene mRNA levels and thus facilitate the establishment of HSV-1 latency in nervous tissue.
Oral and Vaginal Tenofovir for Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Shedding in Immunocompetent Women: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Cross-over Trial (2015)

NCT01448616.