gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nickel/Nickel(II) Oxide Nanoparticles Anchored onto Cobalt(IV) Diselenide Nanobelts for the Electrochemical Production of Hydrogen (2013)

Not noble but effective: A novel Ni/NiO/CoSe2 hybrid material has been synthesized as an efficient catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER; see picture). This new catalyst has a cathodic onset potential at −0.03 V, a Tafel slope of 39 mV per decade, and represents currently the best Pt-free electrocatalyst for the HER in acidic medium. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
An Analytical Model for Prediction of Tool Temperature Fields during Continuous and Interrupted Cutting (1994)

An analytical model for prediction of tool temperature fields in metal cutting processes is developed. The model can be applied to any continuous or interrupted three-dimensional cutting process. To accurately represent the heating and cooling cycles encountered during interrupted cutting, the analysis predicts time dependent heat fluxes into the cutting tool. A time history of this heat flux is obtained by performing an energy balance on the chip formation zone. The variation with time of the tool temperature fields is determined from a heat transfer analysis with prescribed heat generation rate. The analysis requires the cutting forces as inputs. The model tool-chip interface temperatures agree well with the experimental tests reported in the literature, for all cutting conditions and work materials investigated. The results indicate that the tool-chip interface temperature increases with cutting speed during both continuous and interrupted cutting.
The ploidy of plants obtained from anther culture of cauliflowers (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> var. <i>botrytis</i>) (1988)

SUMMARY Anther culture of four cultivars of autumn cauliflower gave embryo yields of 100 embryos (per 100 anthers cultured) for one cultivar, eight embryos for a second cultivar, and almost zero for the two other cultivars. From 986 embryos which were grown on, 418 plants were regenerated. The ploidy of the regenerants was assessed by measuring guard cell lengths, pollen size, and by chromosome counts at meiosis. Only 1% of the regenerants were haploid, 41% diploid, 5% triploid and 53% tetraploid. One octoploid plant was also found. The results are discussed in relation to equivalent results for Brussels sprouts, and the use of anther culture in the breediing of cauliflowers.
Identification of Absolute Helical Structures of Aromatic Multilayered Oligo(<i>m</i>-phenylurea)s in Solution (2009)

The oligomeric aromatic ureas bearing N,N'-dimethylated urea bonds such as 3 have aromatic multilayered structure, based on the (cis,cis)-urea structure, and also have dynamic helical structure (all-R or all-S axis chirality) when the benzene rings are connected at the meta positions. The absolute helical structure of oligo(m-phenylurea)s were identified by the empirical and theoretical studies on the CD and vibrational CD (VCD) spectra. Thus, each enantiomer of the oligo(m-phenylurea)s 4 bearing a chiral N-2-(methoxyethoxyethoxy)propyl group were synthesized. Intense dispersion-type CD spectra of 4 were observed, which indicated the induction of handedness in the helical structure. In the VCD spectra of 4 in the film state, the signals due to the carbonyl and aromatic ring vibrations were seen with negative and positive values for compounds 4a and 4b, respectively. The calculations of both CD and VCD spectra of oligo(m-phenylurea)s 3 without any chiral N-substituent gave the same assignment about the axis chirality of 4. Thus, the absolute configurations of 4a and 4b are all-R and all-S structures, respectively.
A general purpose software for distance monitoring and diagnosis of electrical machines (2003)

This paper is mainly about the development of a virtual platform structure, on the design of the data-processing environment, the data standard, the design of the different acquisition and data processing systems, the database development for the management and the exchange of information. The main features are: user friendly interface, low maintenance source code, modularity to facilitate the integration of new computation and decision techniques, a standardized database for electrical machines monitoring and diagnosis to improve the knowledge of a large scientific community as well.
Binding, internalization, and processing of bombesin by rat pancreatic acini (1991)

The binding and subsequent fate of 125I-labeled bombesin was studied in rat pancreatic acini. At both 37 degrees C and 4 degrees C binding occurred to a single saturable site, with Kd equal to 1.7 nM. The amount of steady-state tracer binding was reduced at 4 degrees C (5.7%/mg protein) compared with 37 degrees C (8.7%/mg), with a similar relative change in calculated binding capacity. With the use of an acid wash procedure to remove surface bound ligand, 55% of cell-associated 125I-bombesin was internalized in the steady state at 37 degrees C but only 5% at 4 degrees C. Preincubation at 4 degrees C followed by an increase to 37 degrees C led to rapid internalization of bound bombesin, which was blocked by the metabolic inhibitor antimycin. 125I-bombesin was found to be degraded by two acinar systems. One was not related to receptor binding but could be inhibited with bacitracin. The other occurred after internalization and was partially blocked with chloroquine. Thus, after binding, bombesin is internalized, and the degradation products are released from the cell. Exposure to bombesin is also accompanied by a subsequent decrease in cell surface binding (54% after 1 h exposure to 100 nM bombesin), suggesting that the bombesin receptor may also be internalized in a ligand-dependent manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Functions Containing at Least One Group 15 Element (and No Halogen or Chalcogen) (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of covalent antithrombin-heparin complex on developmental mechanisms in the lung (2008)

We have developed a potent antithrombin (AT)-heparin conjugate (ATH) that is retained in the lung to prevent pulmonary thrombosis associated with respiratory distress in premature newborns. During continuing maturation, pulmonary angiogenesis in premature infants would be a crucial process in lung development. A naturally occurring latent form of antithrombin (L-AT) has antiangiogenic effects on lung vascularization. However, impact of latent ATH (L-ATH) on developing lung vascularization is unknown. Thus, effects of L-AT and L-ATH on fetal murine lung development were compared. Lung buds from embryonic day 11.5 (E11.5) Tie2-LacZ mouse embryos were incubated in DMEM plus FBS supplemented with PBS, AT, L-AT, heparin, ATH, or L-ATH. Vasculature of cultured explants was quantified by X-galactosidase staining. RNA was analyzed with murine gene probes for angiopoietin (Ang)-1, Ang-2, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). FGF2-supplemented medium was used to test contribution to effects of L-AT and L-ATH on angiogenesis. Epithelial branching morphogenesis was inhibited by L-AT (P = 0.003) and heparin (P < 0.001). L-AT and heparin decreased relative vascular area compared with PBS, ATH, and L-ATH. Expressions of all genes studied were downregulated by L-AT. However, L-AT and L-ATH inhibited branching morphogenesis and vasculature with added FGF2. These findings indicate that covalent linkage of AT to heparin negates disruptive effects of these moieties on lung morphology, vascularization, and growth factor gene expression. ATH may have enhanced safety as an anticoagulant during vascular development.
16-Gbit/s time- and polarization-division-multiplexed system using a novel compensation technique (1994)

Polarization multiplexing has proven to be a useful technique for extending maximum achievable bit rate. However, combining and interleaving data streams, along with low-frequency limitations, often result in amplitude variations and an eye-closure penaky. Since polarization cross talk also results in eye-pattern degradation, it is important when combining multiplexing schemes to keep all sources of eye-pattern degradation to a minimum. This paper describes the demonstration of a 16-Gbids time- and polarization-division-multiplexing system. Time-division multiplexing is performed in the electrical do-main by logically combining, two 4-Gbitls return-to-zero (KZ) data streams. The resultiny 8-Gbids data streams are then po-larization multiplexed. A novel limiter using the nonlinear behavior of the Mach-Zehnder (MZ) in conjunction with the proper output drive of the MZ amplifier was implemented. This limiter compensated amplitude variation caused by low-frequency limitations and nonideal multiplexing of the driver/ encoder circuitry, resulting in a robust system with a sensitivity of - 19.6 dBm when a 215 - 1 pseudorandom-number (PRN) hit pattern was used.
Gendered Pronoun Resolution using BERT and an Extractive Question Answering Formulation (2019)

The resolution of ambiguous pronouns is a longstanding challenge in Natural Language Understanding. Recent studies have suggested gender bias among state-of-the-art coreference resolution systems. As an example, Google AI Language team recently released a genderbalanced dataset and showed that performance of these coreference resolvers is significantly limited on the dataset. In this paper, we propose an extractive question answering (QA) formulation of pronoun resolution task that overcomes this limitation and shows much lower gender bias (0.99) on their dataset. This system uses fine-tuned representations from the pre-trained BERT model and outperforms the existing baseline by a significant margin (22.2% absolute improvement in F1 score) without using any hand-engineered features. This QA framework is equally performant even without the knowledge of the candidate antecedents of the pronoun. An ensemble of QA and BERT-based multiple choice and sequence classification models further improves the F1 (23.3% absolute improvement upon the baseline). This ensemble model was submitted to the shared task for the 1st ACL workshop on Gender Bias for Natural Language Processing. It ranked 9th on the final official leaderboard.
Formation of Bicontinuous Phase on Egg White Protein/agar Co-gels and their Fracture Properties (2013)

卵白·寒天共存ゲルにおいて，連続相構造と破断特性の相関を明らかにすることを目的とした．卵白濃度が減少，寒天濃度が上昇するにつれ，卵白連続相·寒天分散相から卵白·寒天どちらもが連続相となる両連続相，さらに卵白分散相·寒天連続相へと転相し，3つの異なる連続相構造を形成した．破断特性においても応力-歪曲線の破断点および応力値によるクラスター分析から，3つのグループに分類され，それぞれの3種類の連続相のグループと一致した．卵白連続相および寒天連続相は，共存ゲルの破断物性においてその連続相を形成している成分の単独での性質を示した．また，両連続相構造は，卵白相-寒天相の領域面積の比率が約1 : 1の時に形成され，両成分の性質を合わせ持った新規な破断特性を示した．以上のことから，卵白·寒天共存ゲルの物性には連続相を形成する成分の性質が大きく寄与していることが明らかとなった．
Theoretical investigation of fabrication-related disorder on the properties of photonic crystals (1995)

How various deviations in perfect photonic crystals, which may arise during fabrication, can affect the size of photonic band gaps is investigated theoretically. The emphasis is on determining the effects of misalignment of basic structural elements and overall surface roughness, because of their general fabrication relevance. As an example, calculations on a newly proposed three-dimensional photonic crystal are performed. It is shown that the size of the gap is tolerant to significant amounts of deviation from the perfect structure.
Can Energy Research Learn to Dance to a Livelier Tune? (2006)

Turning basic research into commercial technology has never been easy. But it's especially hard in the energy sector, where problems such as cutting greenhouse gas emissions and finding less-polluting energy sources resist easy solutions despite laboratory breakthroughs by the country's best minds.
Interactions of tetracyclines with RNA (2001)

The tetracyclines (Fig. 1) are secondary metabolites produced by Gram-positive bacteria from the generaStreptomycesorNocardia.They act as antibiotics and inhibit protein biosynthesis by interfering with binding of the aminoacyltRNA-EF-Tu-GTP ternary complex to the ribosomal A-site [1]. Gram-positive bacteria, cell wall free mycoplasmas, rickettsiae, chlamydiae and protozoan parasites.
A Platform for Delivering Multimedia Presentations on Cultural Heritage (2010)

In this paper we present a platform for delivering multimedia presentations on cultural heritage. The platform aims to enhance cultural knowledge discovery by increasing access to museums' digital content. The platform generates rich media presentations considering the personal profile of the audience as well as its interests. The presentations may include text, images, video and sound and can be delivered via network. They can be attended either inside the museum or even outside of it e.g. in schools during a preparation class prior to a museum visit. The platform supports creation and editing of slides and presentations, updating existing presentations and projecting them, considering different roles and access levels for archeologists, tourist guides, educators and individuals.
Clearance of anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies: The natural immune complex clearance mechanism (2000)

Transfer of AHP-anti-dsDNA ICs from erythrocyte CR1 to model phagocytes occurs by a mechanism that is similar to the natural mechanism of IC clearance, involving recognition by FcgammaRI and removal of erythrocyte CR1 as key steps.
Drenching sweats as an off phenomenon in parkinson's disease: Treatment and relation to plasma levodopa profile (1995)

We followed 4 patients with Parkinson's disease and severe, intermittent, drenching sweats. One patient was studied with serial plasma levodopa levels and simultaneous clinical examinations. She was observed during a severe sweating episode; this was associated with subtherapeutic plasma levodopa levels (low dopa state). All 4 patients' sweats responded favorably to the institution of agonist therapy. Drenching sweats should be considered part of the spectrum of off-period levodopa-related fluctuations in Parkinson's disease.
Line-of-Sight Communications with Antenna Misalignments (2021)

Line-of-sight (LOS) communications are becoming one of the promising use cases in the near future’s wireless communications thanks to the potential use of very high carrier frequency, for example tera-hertz band. However, most traditional communication techniques have been developed assuming abundant reflected multipaths, and there is relatively not enough in-depth study regarding LOS communications. Therefore, this paper considers LOS communications from the aspect of antenna misalignments assuming multiple-in multiple-out (MIMO) is available. We propose a communication system that utilizes antenna subarrays for estimating the antenna misalignments and other necessary parameters to achieve the best performance in LOS channels. This information is fed back to the transmitter for deriving the optimal precoder. We exploit multiple techniques for enhancing the estimation performance for stable system performance. The results indicate that the performance with ideal information can be closely achieved with the proposed techniques. The proposed techniques are also shown to be flexibly applicable to any shape of Tx antenna arrays.
Linear scan register allocation on SSA form (2010)

The linear scan algorithm for register allocation provides a good register assignment with a low compilation overhead and is thus frequently used for just-in-time compilers. Although most of these compilers use static single assignment (SSA) form, the algorithm has not yet been applied on SSA form, i.e., SSA form is usually deconstructed before register allocation. However, the structural properties of SSA form can be used to simplify the algorithm.
Ras, Protein Kinase Cζ, and IκB Kinases 1 and 2 Are Downstream Effectors of CD44 During the Activation of NF-κB by Hyaluronic Acid Fragments in T-24 Carcinoma Cells (2000)

We have investigated the ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) fragments to activate the transcription factor NF-kappa B. HA fragments activated NF-kappa B in the cell lines T-24, HeLa, MCF7, and J774. Further studies in T-24 cells demonstrated that HA fragments also induced I kappa B alpha phosphorylation and degradation, kappa B-linked reporter gene expression, and ICAM-1 promoter activity in an NF-kappa B-dependent manner. The effect of HA was size dependent as neither disaccharide nor native HA were active. CD44, the principal cellular receptor for HA, was critical for the response because the anti-CD44 Ab IM7.8.1 blocked the effect on NF-kappa B. HA fragments activated the I kappa B kinase complex, and the effect on a kappa B-linked reporter gene was blocked in T-24 cells expressing dominant negative I kappa B kinases 1 or 2. Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) was required because calphostin C inhibited NF-kappa B activation and I kappa B alpha phosphorylation. In particular, PKC zeta was required because transfection of cells with dominant negative PKC zeta blocked the effect of HA fragments on kappa B-linked gene expression and HA fragments increased PKC zeta activity. Furthermore, damnacanthal and manumycin A, two mechanistically distinct inhibitors of Ras, blocked NF-kappa B activation. Transfection of T-24 cells with dominant negative Ras (RasN17) blocked HA fragment-induced kappa B-linked reporter gene expression, and HA fragments activated Ras activity within 5 min. Taken together, these studies establish a novel signal transduction cascade emanating from CD44 to Ras, PKC zeta, and I kappa B kinase 1 and 2.
Micro-optical sensor system for birefringence characterization of textile fibers (2003)

We report a micro-optical sensor system for the on-line characterization of the textile-fiber birefringence in spinning machines. The measurement set-up is using the method of Senarmont but does not require any moving parts in the optical path. This has been achieved by usage of different micro-optical elements in combination with optical fibers for illumination and signal capturing. One of the key-components is an array of micropolarizers made of subwavelength-period metal-stripe gratings fabricated by e-beam direct writing and ion-beam etching. Having a total height of only 6mm the sensor system is extremely flat and thus applicable also in special spinning equipment.
Stronger password authentication using browser extensions (2005)

We describe a browser extension, PwdHash, that transparently produces a different password for each site, improving web password security and defending against password phishing and other attacks. Since the browser extension applies a cryptographic hash function to a combination of the plaintext password entered by the user, data associated with the web site, and (optionally) a private salt stored on the client machine, theft of the password received at one site will not yield a password that is useful at another site. While the scheme requires no changes on the server side, implementing this password method securely and transparently in a web browser extension turns out to be quite difficult. We describe the challenges we faced in implementing PwdHash and some techniques that may be useful to anyone facing similar security issues in a browser environment.
Therapeutic effects of cell-permeant peptides that activate G proteins downstream of growth factors (2015)

In eukaryotes, receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and trimeric G proteins are two major signaling hubs. Signal transduction via trimeric G proteins has long been believed to be triggered exclusively by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). This paradigm has recently been challenged by several studies on a multimodular signal transducer, Gα-Interacting Vesicle associated protein (GIV/Girdin). We recently demonstrated that GIV's C terminus (CT) serves as a platform for dynamic association of ligand-activated RTKs with Gαi, and for noncanonical transactivation of G proteins. However, exogenous manipulation of this platform has remained beyond reach. Here we developed cell-permeable GIV-CT peptides by fusing a TAT-peptide transduction domain (TAT-PTD) to the minimal modular elements of GIV that are necessary and sufficient for activation of Gi downstream of RTKs, and used them to engineer signaling networks and alter cell behavior. In the presence of an intact GEF motif, TAT-GIV-CT peptides enhanced diverse processes in which GIV's GEF function has previously been implicated, e.g., 2D cell migration after scratch-wounding, invasion of cancer cells, and finally, myofibroblast activation and collagen production. Furthermore, topical application of TAT-GIV-CT peptides enhanced the complex, multireceptor-driven process of wound repair in mice in a GEF-dependent manner. Thus, TAT-GIV peptides provide a novel and versatile tool to manipulate Gαi activation downstream of growth factors in a diverse array of pathophysiologic conditions.
Design concepts of an application platform for traffic law enforcement and vehicles registration comprising RFID technology (2012)

The article describes design concepts of a novel application platform for vehicles identification and traffic rules violations registration. The platform adopts different equipment including RFID-readers, video-cameras and speed-radars. The platform supports both wired and wireless interfaces for data transmission and can provide police stations with up to date data about traffic rules violators. Design background and key features of the platform are presented. We also discuss the platform internal structure, key functional elements and protocols. Finally, we provide some results on testing the system and its key components.