gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Segments in the C-terminal Folding Domain of Lipoprotein Lipase Important for Binding to the Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein and to Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans (1997)

Lipoprotein lipase (LpL) can mediate cellular uptake of chylomicron and VLDL remnants via binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) and the endocytic alpha2-macroglobulin receptor/low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (alpha2MR/LRP). Whereas it is established that the C-terminal folding domain binds to alpha2MR/LRP, it remains uncertain whether it binds to heparin and to HSPG. To identify segments important for binding to alpha2MR/LRP and to clarify possible binding to heparin, we produced constructs of the human C-terminal folding domain, LpL-(313-448), and of the fragment LpL-(347-448) in Escherichia coli. In addition to binding to alpha2MR/LRP, LpL-(313-448) displayed binding to heparin with an affinity similar to that of the LpL monomer, whereas it bound poorly to lipoprotein particles. Moreover, LpL-(313-448) displayed heparin sensitive binding to normal, but not to HSPG deficient Chinese hamster ovary cells. LpL-(313-448) and LpL-(347-448) showed similar affinities for binding to both purified alpha2MR/LRP and to heparin. Deletion of LpL residues 380-384 abolished the binding to LRP, whereas binding to heparin was unperturbed. The binding to both heparin and alpha2MR/LRP was essentially abolished following deletion of residues 404-430, and pretreatment of CHO cells with the peptide comprising aa 402-423 inhibited the binding of LpL-(313-448). We conclude that the C-terminal folding domain of human LpL has a site for binding to heparin and to HSPG, presumably involving amino acids within residues 404-430. Two segments of the domain are necessary for efficient binding to alpha2MR/LRP, one comprising residues 380-384 and another overlapping the segment important for binding to heparin.
Isolated bias power supply for IGBT gate drives using the fly-buck converter (2015)

For high power IGBTs in the AC motor drive and inverter applications, the reliable gate drive bias supply is critical to the robust performance of the system. This paper introduces the Fly-Buck DC/DC converter to generate isolated bias rails for the IGBT gate driver. Comparing to the traditional isolated switched power supply topologies, the Fly-Buck converter offers several advantages such as good cross regulation, line transient response and low EMI, whilst its design is kept simple and flexible for multiple output configuration. It is suitable to provide positive/negative voltage rails for single or multiple IGBTs to ensure the stable turn on/off of the IGBT. In the paper, the operation analysis and design of the Fly-Buck is presented, and its application and benefits in supplying IGBT gate drive are discussed.
Investigation of a Flexible Disk Rotating Near a Rigid Surface (1988)

A flexible disk rotating in close proximity to a flat rigid surface has been studied experimentally and theoretically. A bump is located on the surface to create a non-axisymmetric disturbance. The gas film between the disk and the rigid surface is represented by an incompressible Reynolds equation with inertial effects included. The general equations of a disk including both membrane and bending effects with displacement dependent tension distributions are presented. Numerical results are developed where the effects of displacement on the tension distributions and of bending in the disk are not included.
Energy cost of proofreading to increase fidelity of transfer ribonucleic acid aminoacylation (1979)

The paradox of relatively error free function in biological systems composed of relatively error prone components has recently come under intensive investigation. In the case of tRNA aminoacylation, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were discovered to have a separate function that allows misacylated molecules to be hydrolyzed more rapidly than correctly acylated molecules. This additional function of the synthetases provides a proofreading or verification mechanism that is believed to improve significantly the overall accuracy of tRNA aminoacylation. In this paper we provide an explicit relationship between the accuracy achieved by proofreading and the energy cost. Experimental data available in the literature are examined in light of this relationship. The following are the principal conclusions from our study: (1) high-accuracy proofreading of tRNA aminoacylation has a high energy cost, as much as 100 times greater than indications from early experimental work; (2) the minimum net error derived in previous theoretical studies is never actually reached; (3) mechanisms in which misacylation and subsequent proofreading occur on the surface of the same synthetase molecule achieve a much higher accuracy than mechanisms in which these functions occur on the surface of different synthetase molecules.
Simple and efficient method for specularity removal in an image (2009)

For dielectric inhomogeneous objects, the perceived reflections are the linear combinations of diffuse and specular reflection components. Specular reflection plays an important role in the fields of image analysis, pattern recognition, and scene synthesis. Several methods for the separation of the diffuse and the specular reflection components have been presented based on image segmentation or local interaction of neighboring pixels. We propose a simple and effective method for specularity removal in a single image on the level of each individual pixel. The chromaticity of diffuse reflection is approximately estimated by employing the concept of modified specular-free image, and the specular component is adjusted according to the criterion of smooth color transition along the boundary of diffuse and specular regions. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is promising when compared with other state-of-the-art techniques, in both separation accuracy and running speed.
Origin and Molecular Evolution of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases with Immunoglobulin-Like Domains (2006)

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are involved in the control of fundamental cellular processes in metazoans. In vertebrates, RTK could be grouped in distinct classes based on the nature of their cognate ligand and modular composition of their extracellular domain. RTK with immunoglobulin-like domains (IG-like RTK) encompass several RTK classes and have been found in early metazoans, including sponges. Evolution of IG-like RTK is characterized by extended molecular and functional diversification, which prompted us to study their evolutionary history. For that purpose, a nonredundant data set including annotated protein sequences of IG-like RTK (n = 85) was built, representing 19 species ranging from sponges to humans. Phylogenetic trees were generated from alignment of conserved regions using maximum likelihood approach. Molecular phylogeny strongly suggests that IG-like RTK diversification occurred according to a complex scenario. In particular, we propose that specific cis duplications of a common ancestor to both platelet-derived growth factor receptor (class III) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (class V) families preceded two trans duplications. In contrast, other IG-like RTK genes, like Musk and PTK7, apparently did not evolve by duplications, whereas fibroblast growth factor receptors (class IV) evolved through two rounds of trans duplications. The proposed model of IG-like RTK evolution is supported by high bootstrap values and by the clustering of genes encoding class III and class V RTKs at specific chromosomal locations in mouse and human genomes.
Synthesis of indoles from 4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindoles. II. Introduction of substituents into the 4 and 5 positions (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of indoles from 4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindoles. II. Introduction of substituents into the 4 and 5 positionsWilliam A. Remers, Reta H. Roth, Gabriel J. Gibs, and Martin J. WeissCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 9, 1232–1240Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00808a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00808a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views623Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Application of Users' Collective Experience for Crafting Suitable Search Engine Query Recommendations (2007)

Search engines have turned into one of the most important services of the Web that are frequently visited by any user. They assist their users in finding appropriate information. Among the many challenging issues in the design of Web search engines that is mostly related to the design of an adaptive interface is recommending suitable query phrases to the end-users. This has two major benefits: firstly the users can more easily interact with the Web search engine and secondly get hints on what is more apt to look for in cases where they may not have any clue. In this paper, we propose a graph based query recommendation algorithm that sequentially recommends query terms to its users. The most important notion behind the design of the algorithm is that the past behavior of previous users of a search engine is mined and a multi-segmented graph is built. Recommendation is made based on the relative similarity of query terms, their frequency and conceptual closeness in the graph.
Comparison of Thermal and Non-Thermal Processing of Swine Feed and the Use of Selected Feed Additives on Inactivation of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) (2016)

Infection with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes diarrhea, vomiting, and high mortality in suckling pigs. Contaminated feed has been suggested as a vehicle of transmission for PEDV. The objective of this study was to compare thermal and electron beam processing, and the inclusion of feed additives on the inactivation of PEDV in feed. Feed samples were spiked with PEDV and then heated to 120-145°C for up to 30 min or irradiated at 0-50 kGy. Another set of feed samples spiked with PEDV and mixed with Ultracid P (Nutriad), Activate DA (Novus International), KEM-GEST (Kemin Agrifood), Acid Booster (Agri-Nutrition), sugar or salt was incubated at room temperature (~25°C) for up to 21 days. At the end of incubation, the virus titers were determined by inoculation of Vero-81 cells and the virus inactivation kinetics were modeled using the Weibull distribution model. The Weibull kinetic parameter delta represented the time or eBeam dose required to reduce virus concentration by 1 log. For thermal processing, delta values ranged from 16.52 min at 120°C to 1.30 min at 145°C. For eBeam processing, a target dose of 50 kGy reduced PEDV concentration by 3 log. All additives tested were effective in reducing the survival of PEDV when compared with the control sample (delta = 17.23 days). Activate DA (0.81) and KEM-GEST (3.28) produced the fastest inactivation. In conclusion, heating swine feed at temperatures over 130°C or eBeam processing of feed with a dose over 50 kGy are effective processing steps to reduce PEDV survival. Additionally, the inclusion of selected additives can decrease PEDV survivability.
Signal Delay in RC Tree Networks (1981)

In MOS integrated circuits, signals may propagate between stages with fanout. The MOS interconnect may be modeled by an RC tree. Exact calculation of signal delay through such networks is difficult. However, upper and lower bounds for delay that are computationally simple are presented here. The results can be used (1) to bound the delay, given the signal threshold; or (2) to bound the signal voltage, given a delay time; or (3) to certify that a circuit is fast enough, given both the maximum delay and the voltage threshold.
Student teachers' perceptions of science learning Licenciados: las percepciones al aprender ciencia (2009)

This study examined first-year primary student teachers’ perceptions about teaching science and the vocabulary used in primary science. The study utilised a questionnaire to examine students’ perceptions before they had received any formal science education instruction at the tertiary level. Perceptions of students’ self-competence to teach primary science was related to their perceptions to explain selected vocabulary used in primary science. Similar relations existed between their explained meanings of the vocabulary and their ability to explain selected phenomena. There was a weaker relationship between students’ perceived ability and actual performance. Interviews were used to explore their perceptions, understandings and explanations. Students’ uses of oral genres were examined. Finally, areas of greatest assistance in developing students’ further understanding of science were identified.
Human detection and localization at indoor environment by home robot (2002)

The system introduced in the paper estimates the 3D position of a human's head and face by using the depth from focus method. First the system locates the human's head and face by using motion detection, Hough transform and a statistical color model. Then by changing pan, tilt and zoom of camera we put the face in the center of the camera's field of view. Then we use information from focusing the ring of an autofocus camera to measure the distance between the human face and the camera. By having information about the absolute position of the camera and its pan and tilt angles we can compute the absolute position of the person in the room. In the case of a person with small motions, this system measures distance with less than a 10 cm error. The measurable distance range is from 90 cm up to 340 cm.
Role of calmodulin and myosin light-chain kinase in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (1996)

It is generally accepted that microvascular permeability is controlled by intercellular endothelial cell gap size. This process is controlled in endothelial cell monolayers and peripheral blood vessels by calmodulin (CaM)-dependent myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK), which phosphorylates MLC20 with subsequent actin-myosin interaction. In the present study both CaM and MLCK blockers were studied during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced injury in isolated buffer-perfused rat lungs. The effects of a calcium ionophore (CaI) were tested in isolated intact rat lungs to compare the effects of increasing intracellular Ca2+ to I/R-induced damage. Because protein kinase C (PKC) could also be a mediator of I/R injury, a PKC inhibitor was studied in lungs subjected to either I/R or CaI. In lungs subjected to I/R alone, a fivefold increase in microvascular permeability occurred after 30 min of reperfusion (P < 0.001), and a tenfold increase was present after an additional 60 min of reperfusion (P < 0.01). Pretreatment of the I/R lungs with a CaM inhibitor (trifluoperazine, 100 microM) or with a MLCK inhibitor (ML-7,500 nM) blocked the microvascular damage at both 30 and 90 min of reperfusion. When the CaM inhibitor was introduced into the venous reservoir after 46 min of reperfusion, after the microvascular damage was present, no further increase in microvascular permeability occurred. Pretreatment of the lungs with a PKC inhibitor (staurosporine, 100 nM) did not alter the magnitude of the increased microvascular permeability produced by I/R or the time course of the damage. The calcium ionophore A23187 (7.5 microM) caused increases in Kfc values similar to those produced by I/R. Pretreatment of A23187-treated lungs with a CaM inhibitor produced no protective effect on the microvascular injury at 30 min after administration. Pretreatment of the CaI-challenged lungs with staurosporine significantly increased the microvascular barrier injury at 30 min compared with that occurring with I/R. When a beta-adrenergic receptor agonist (isoproterenol, 10 microM) was introduced to the lung after CaI-induced damage had occurred, no further increase in microvascular permeability was observed, and a trend toward reversal of injury occurred. We conclude from these studies that CaM/MLCK/MLC20 system is involved in our model of I/R-induced rat lung injury but is not involved in lung injury associated with Ca2+ entering the cell.
The Unseen Seer, or Proteus in the City: Aspects of a Nineteenth-Century Parisian Myth (1988)

Journal Article THE UNSEEN SEER, OR PROTEUS IN THE CITY: ASPECTS OF A NINETEENTH-CENTURY PARISIAN MYTH Get access RICHARD D. E. BURTON RICHARD D. E. BURTON SUSSEX Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies, Volume XLII, Issue 1, January 1988, Pages 50–68, https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/XLII.1.50 Published: 01 January 1988
Primary care physicians as gatekeepers in managed care. Primary care physicians' and dermatologists' skills at secondary prevention of skin cancer. (1996)

Primary care residents may not be ready to assume a gatekeeper role for lesions suspicious for skin cancer. Because of the seriousness of missed diagnoses, especially of malignant melanomas, we need to improve the triage skills of PCPs. Future studies should evaluate whether primary care training allows sufficient time for PCPs to learn the necessary skills. Until we can show that PCPs are prepared to triage optimally, managed care plans should reduce the threshold for referrals to dermatologists of potential skin cancers.
Delay reduction via Lagrange multipliers in stochastic network optimization (2010)

In this paper, we consider the problem of reducing network delay in stochastic network utility optimization problems. We start by studying the recently proposed quadratic Lyapunov function based algorithms (QLA, also known as the MaxWeight algorithm). We show that for every stochastic problem, there is a corresponding deterministic problem, whose dual optimal solution “exponentially attracts” the network backlog process under QLA. In particular, the probability that the backlog vector under QLA deviates from the attractor is exponentially decreasing in their Euclidean distance. This is the first such result for the class of algorithms built upon quadratic Lyapunov functions. The result quantifies the “network gravity” role of Lagrange Multipliers in network scheduling. It not only helps to explain how QLA achieves the desired performance but also suggests that one can roughly “subtract out” a Lagrange multiplier from the system induced by QLA.
Extending the schematic protection model. I. Conditional tickets and authentication (2002)

The Schematic Protection Model, SPM, allows us to specify the protection structure of a system and gives an algorithm to reason about the transmission of privileges in the system. This paper extends the SPM model to include for conditional tickets and to provide authentication. We also extend the decision algorithm of the safety problem to take into account these modifications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Diaziridines. III. Reactions of some 1-alkyl- and 1,1-dialkyl-1H-diazirino[1,2b]phthalazine-3,8-diones (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiaziridines. III. Reactions of some 1-alkyl- and 1,1-dialkyl-1H-diazirino[1,2b]phthalazine-3,8-dionesHarold W. Heine, Robert Henrie, Larry Heitz, and Sudarsana R. KovvaliCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 22, 3187–3191Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00936a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00936a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views259Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Human profilin. Molecular cloning, sequence comparison, and chromosomal analysis. (1988)

Profilin is an ubiquitous 12-15-kDa actin monomer-binding protein, the amino acid sequence of which was previously reported for the cow and Acanthamoeba. In the latter species, two isoforms of profilin have been identified. We have isolated full-length profilin cDNA clones from a human HepG2 library. All clones have the same nucleotide sequence, and Northern blot and RNase protection analyses of human tissues indicate that all tissues have the same approximately 850 base message, and provide no evidence of alternative message splicing. This result strongly implies a single profilin isoform in human cells, although differential post-translational modifications have not been excluded. Northern blot analysis extends the tissue distribution of profilin to include epithelial, muscle, and renal tissues. Comparison of the predicted human profilin amino acid sequence with that of published bovine profilin indicates 90% identity with a single 3-residue deletion in the human sequence. Southern blot analysis of somatic cell hybrid DNA indicates at least four dispersed genetic loci in the human genome hybridize with the profilin cDNA as well as untranslated region fragments, suggesting several of these loci represent pseudogenes of recent evolutionary origin. In addition, 5' and 3' untranslated regions are conserved between humans and rodents, implying a functional role for these regions of the profilin gene.