gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Specific immobilization of electropolymerized polypyrrole thin films onto interdigitated microsensor electrode arrays (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpecific immobilization of electropolymerized polypyrrole thin films onto interdigitated microsensor electrode arraysA. Guiseppi-Elie, A. M. Wilson, J. M. Tour, T. W. Brockmann, P. Zhang, and D. L. AllaraCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 5, 1768–1776Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00005a055https://doi.org/10.1021/la00005a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views478Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A synthetic peptide corresponding to human FSH beta-subunit 33-53 binds to FSH receptor, stimulates basal estradiol biosynthesis, and is a partial antagonist of FSH (1990)

We have previously shown that hFSH-beta 34-37 (KTCT) and 49-52 (TRDL) inhibit binding of 125I-hFSH to FSH receptor in calf testis membranes and that hFSH-beta 33-53, which encompasses these tetrapeptides, inhibits binding with increased potency. hFSH-beta 33-53 rapidly dimerizes under conditions utilized in the receptor binding assay (pH 7.5) so that the binding inhibition reported earlier was due to the hFSH-beta 33-53 dimer rather than the monomer. At pH 6.5, conversion to dimer does not occur, and binding inhibition could be unequivocally attributed to the monomer. Radioiodinated and alkylated hFSH-beta 33-53 binds to the FSH receptor with a Kd = (5.5 +/- 1.4) X 10(-5) M. The biological activity of hFSH-beta 33-53 was assessed by its ability to affect the conversion of androstenedione to estradiol in rat Sertoli cells cultures. FSH-beta 33-53 behaved as a partial antagonist of the FSH-induced estradiol synthesis. The required incubation medium, however, contains cystine as well as cystine, which rapidly forms a hFSH-beta Cys-(51)-S-S-Cys derivative at the pH of the incubation, 7.4. When hFSH-beta 33-53 was converted either to the hFSH-beta Cys(51)-S-S-Cys or to a carboxymethylated derivative, inhibition of FSH-induced estradiol synthesis still was observed. This result demonstrates that the free R-SH group at Cys51 is not responsible for the inhibition. FSH-beta 33-53 also significantly stimulated basal levels of estradiol synthesis, but not to maximal levels observed with FSH (partial agonist). Neither the carbohydrate content of hFSH-beta nor the alpha subunit of FSH appears to be essential for signal transduction and expression of the hormone effect of FSH-beta 33-53.
Wave propagation in nonlinear photonic band-gap materials (1996)

We study theoretically the propagation of electromagnetic waves through periodic structures consistent of layered materials with an intensity-dependent dielectric constant. We find the transmission properties to be strongly modulated by both frequency and intensity in the presence of nonlinearity. The transmission diagram in the frequency versus amplitude plane exhibits distinctive features depending upon whether the Kerr coefficient is positive or negative. These features, though complicated, can be understood through the analysis of stable periodic orbits of the corresponding nonlinear mapping. These systems exhibit bistability and multistability most strongly near the upper band edges and between the basins of stable periodic orbits. Resonance transmissions via soliton formation are analyzed through a simple mechanical analogy. We also discuss the switching threshold and the feasibility of making a switch utilizing such a structure. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Ultrasound array transmitter architecture with high timing resolution using embedded phase-locked loops (2012)

Coarse time quantization of delay profiles within ultrasound array systems can produce undesirable side lobes in the radiated beam profile. The severity of these side lobes is dependent upon the magnitude of phase quantization error--the deviation from ideal delay profiles to the achievable quantized case. This paper describes a method to improve interchannel delay accuracy without increasing system clock frequency by utilizing embedded phase-locked loop (PLL) components within commercial field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). Precise delays are achieved by shifting the relative phases of embedded PLL output clocks in 208-ps steps. The described architecture can achieve the necessary interelement timing resolution required for driving ultrasound arrays up to 50 MHz. The applicability of the proposed method at higher frequencies is demonstrated by extrapolating experimental results obtained using a 5-MHz array transducer. Results indicate an increase in transmit dynamic range (TDR) when using accurate delay profiles generated by the embedded-PLL method described, as opposed to using delay profiles quantized to the system clock.
Schematic Eye Models for Simulation of Patient Visual Performance (2001)

Visual performance can be simulated by eye models. The simple single surface Indiana Eye with no spherical aberration best modeled both high and low contrast visual acuity.
Trace oblivious computation (2015)

In recent years, execution trace obliviousness has become an important security property in various applications in the presence of side channels. On the one hand, a cryptographic protocol called Oblivious RAM (ORAM) has been developed as a generic tool to achieve obliviousness, while incurring an overhead. On the other hand, customized oblivious algorithms with better performance have been developed. This method, however, is not scalable in terms of human efforts. This thesis work adopts a language design approach to facilitate users to develop efficient oblivious applications. I will study sequential and parallel programs and different channels. I will design languages and security type systems to support efficient algorithm implementations, while formally enforcing obliviousness. My study for the secure computation application shows that using our compiler, one PhD student can develop an oblivious algorithm in one day which took a research group of 5 researchers 4 months to develop in 2013, while achieving 10* to 20* better performance.
Operation, administration and maintenance systems of the optical fiber loop (2002)

The authors discuss the concept of operation, administration, and maintenance (OA&M) systems of the transmission media network in large single-mode (SM) optical fiber loops to be constructed in the next century. The structure of efficient OA&M systems for large-scale networks is described. The optical fiber loop OA&M system has three layers. The functions in these layers are investigated. The characteristics of the optical fiber loop are outlined. The loop has sensors and matrix switches, and it can remotely and automatically be operated, administered, and maintained through a remote switching module, a supervisory module, and an automatic testing module. As the first stage in the introduction of the OA&M systems, the automatic testing system has been developed. This system can realize automatic tests and in-service measurement of optical fibers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Do changes in light direction affect absorption profiles in leaves? (2010)

Leaf anatomy plays a functional role in propagating light through the leaf; palisade mesophyll has been shown to facilitate the channelling of collimated light deeper into the spongy mesophyll. Direct measurements of the propagation of diffuse light into the leaf, however, are absent. Using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging of leaf cross-sections, we measured light absorption profiles in leaves under direct (collimated), diffuse and low-angle monochromatic light. Low-angle and diffuse light was absorbed closer to the irradiated surface than direct light perpendicular to the surface. The shapes of internal absorption profiles indicated that leaves were influenced by the directional quality of the incident light. In addition, absorption profiles revealed that leaves were not simple light absorbing objects and that cellular anatomy influences the direction of light travelling into the mesophyll. These findings also suggest a mechanism for previously measured differences in leaf level photosynthesis under opposing light regimes.
Comparative Study of FinFET Versus Quasi-Planar HTI MOSFET for Ultimate Scalability (2010)

The FinFET is compared against the quasi-planar trigate bulk MOSFET with high-permittivity (high- <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$k$</tex></formula> ) dielectric trench isolation (HTI MOSFET) for low-standby-power applications, at dimensions near the end-of-roadmap (11-nm half-pitch). It is found that the optimal transistor structure depends on the fin aspect ratio (AR) and the HTI dielectric constant <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\varepsilon_{\rm HTI}$</tex></formula> : for sufficiently high <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\varepsilon_{\rm HTI}$</tex></formula> , the HTI MOSFET can provide comparable or lower delay as the FinFET, for AR up to <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\sim$</tex></formula> 2.5. Thus, the development of high- <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$k$</tex></formula> dielectric and/or high-AR fin formation technologies will ultimately determine which transistor design is more advantageous.
Benzocyclobutene (BCB) based intracortical neural implant (2004)

A novel structure for chronically implantable cortical electrodes using new Benzocyclobutene (BCB) bio-polymer was devised, which provides both flexibility for micro-motion compliance between brain tissues and skull and stiffness for better surgical handling. BCB is very attractive polymer for stable long-term implant function, because it has flexibility, biocompatibility, low moisture uptake (<0.2 wt%), and low dielectric constant (/spl sim/2.6). For easy operation during surgical insertion, a 5/spl sim/10/spl mu/m thick silicon backbone layer is attached to the desired region of the electrode to increase the stiffness. It is then followed by 1 mm of flexible part of the electrode without silicon backbone layer designed to absorb stress from any micro-motion between the brain tissue and the electrode. The fabricated implants have tri-shanks with 5 recording sites (20x20/spl mu/m) and 2 vias (40x40/spl mu/m) on each shank. BCB electrodes with 5/spl mu/m and 10/spl mu/m thick backbone silicon penetrated pia of rat brain without buckling.
Nanoplasmonic Terahertz Photoconductive Switch on GaAs (2012)

Low-temperature (LT) grown GaAs has a subpicosecond carrier response time that makes it favorable for terahertz photoconductive (PC) switching. However, this is obtained at the price of lower mobility and lower thermal conductivity than GaAs. Here we demonstrate subpicosecond carrier sweep-out and over an order of magnitude higher sensitivity in detection from a GaAs-based PC switch by using a nanoplasmonic structure. As compared to a conventional GaAs PC switch, we observe 40 times the peak-to-peak response from the nanoplasmonic structure on GaAs. The response is double that of a commercial, antireflection coated LT-GaAs PC switch.
Aberrant response to commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in Crohnʼs disease (2010)

We provide the first ex vivo data to support the notion that aberrant mucosal recognition of commensal bacteria may contribute to pediatric CD. While IL-8 responses to O42 and LGG varied with disease status and anatomical location, B. theta consistently induced significant IL-8 both in ileal and colonic CD tissue, which was not seen in control, healthy tissue.
Destruction of Fungal Melanins by Ligninases of<i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i>and Other White Rot Fungi (1998)

Ligninases produced by white rot fungi degraded fungal and synthetic melanins. Ligninases, thus, function as melaninases. Microscopic and chemical evidence showed that this ligninase/melaninase activity was associated with extensive destruction of otherwise resistant melanized cells of the black yeast Phaeococcomyces sp. Each of three isolates of white rot fungi degraded melanins. The ligninase enzyme manganese peroxidase was an efficient degrader of melanins. Synthetic and natural fungal melanins were bleached by cloned manganese peroxidase expressed in a bacterium, indicating that this ligninase alone is capable of melanin degradation. Our findings indicate that melanin‐degrading fungi could be a component of the biological control of some plant pathogens that overwinter as propagules that are protected by melanin.
The influence of several factors on the efficiency of androgenesis in carrot. (2005)

The influence of cultivar, donor plant and culture procedure on the efficiency of androgenesis was studied in carrot anther culture. Experiments were carried out on five carrot cultivars: CxC 9900 F1, Lucky B F1, HCM, Beta III and Perfekcja, which were chosen because of their high carotene contents. Two procedures of anther culture were compared: (1) incubation in darkness for two weeks, followed by exposure to continuous light and transfer onto a fresh medium of the same composition; and (2) incubation in darkness until embryos appeared, without transfer onto a fresh medium. Temperature was +27 degrees C all the time. Genotype played an important role in the process of androgenesis in carrot anther culture. The efficiency was the highest in cv. HCM - 5.6 embryos per 100 anthers. Considerable differences in the capacity for androgenesis were observed between individual donor plants. The ratio of embryos obtained per 100 anthers for cv. HCM varied from 0.0 to 48.9. The second procedure of anther culture proved to be more efficient, cheaper and less complicated.
Comorbidities and Charlson score in resected stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer (2005)

Patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been shown to have a higher prevalence of comorbidity associated with age and tobacco consumption. The objective of the present study was to determine the impact of comorbidity on survival after surgery of stage I NSCLC. In total, 588 consecutive patients operated on for a pathological stage I NSCLC between January 1, 1979 and December 31, 2003 were studied. Comorbidities were analysed individually. Overall comorbidity was assessed using the Charlson index of comorbidity (CCI). Survival data were collected for each patient from the date of operation, with a median duration of follow-up of 104 months. Survival analyses and Cox proportional hazards model analyses were used. The mean age of patients was 62.7 yrs, and 529 (89%) patients were male. The distribution of overall comorbidity severity was as follows. CCI grade 0: 47.1%; grade 1-2: 43.7%; grade 3-4: 8.3%; and grade > or =5: 0.8%. The 2, 3 and 5 yrs survival were 69, 62 and 50%, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that T stage, age, a concomitant history of moderate-to-severe liver disease, a past history of cured cancer, cerebrovascular disease and CCI were independent predictors of survival (Hazard Ratio for CCI grade >2: 1.81; 95% confidence interval 1.25-2.63). In conclusion, comorbidity has a significant impact on survival after surgical resection of patients with stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer. The use of a validated index of comorbidity in prognostic analyses of resected nonsmall cell lung cancer is recommended.
Correlation Between IL‐3 Receptor Expression and Growth Potential of Human CD34 <sup>+</sup> Hematopoietic Cells from Different Tissues (1999)

CD123 (-subunit of IL-3 receptor) expression on primitive and committed human hematopoietic cells was studied by multicolor sorting and single-cell culture. The sources of cells included fetal liver (FLV), fetal bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, adult bone marrow and mobilized peripheral blood. Three subsets of CD34 + cells were defined by the levels of surface CD123: CD123 negative , CD123 low , and CD123 bright . Coexpression of lineage markers showed that a majority of CD34 + CD123 bright cells were myeloid and B-lymphoid progenitors, while erythroid progenitors were mainly in the CD34 + CD123 negative subset. The CD34 + CD123 low subset contained a heterogeneous distribution of early and committed progenitor cells. Single CD34 + cells from the CD123 subsets were cultured in a cytokine cocktail of stem cell factor, interleukin 3 (IL-3), IL-6, GM-CSF, erythropoietin, insulin-like growth factor-1, and basic fibroblast growth factor. After 14 days of incubation, a higher cloning efficiency (CE) was observed in the CD34 + CD123 negative and CD34 + CD123 low fractions (37 23% and 44 23%, respectively) than in the CD34 + CD123 bright fraction (15 21%). Using previously published criteria that colonies containing dispersed, translucent cells (dispersed growth pattern, DGP) were derived from primitive cells and that colonies composed solely of clusters were from committed cells, early precursors were distributed evenly in the CD34 + CD123 negative and CD34 + CD123 low subsets. When CD38 and CD90 (Thy-1) were used for further characterization of CD34 + cells from FLV, CE increased from 37 23% in CD123 negative to 70 19% in CD123 negative CD38and from 44 23% in CD123 low to 66 19% in CD123 low CD38 -. No significant increase in CE or DGP progenitors was observed when CD34 + cells were sorted by CD90 and CD123. We concluded that: A) high levels of CD123 were expressed on B-lymphoid and myeloid progenitors; B) early erythroid progenitors had little or no surface CD123, and C) primitive hematopoietic cells are characterized by CD123 negative/low expression.
Danazol Suppression of Luteinizing Hormone in the Rat: Evidence for Mediation by both Androgen and Estrogen Receptors (1990)

Previous studies had indicated that the effects of danazol on rat peripheral tissues were mediated through both androgen and estrogen receptors. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of androgen and estrogen receptors in danazol suppression of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the rat. The estrogen receptor antagonist, LY 156758, partially antagonized the suppressed levels of LH observed 3-5 hr after administration of danazol to ovariectomized rats. In contrast, the androgen receptor antagonist, flutamide, had no effect on suppressed LH levels 3-5 hr after danazol, but did partially reverse the inhibition of LH 24 hr after danazol administration to ovariectomized rats. Danazol also increased pituitary progesterone receptor levels, an estrogen-sensitive end point. These data indicate that the suppressed levels of LH following danazol treatment resulted from the functional activation of both androgen and estrogen receptors.
Intranuclear cascade model for a comprehensive description of spallation reaction data (2002)

A new version of the Li\`ege intranuclear cascade (INC) model is proposed for the description of spallation reactions. Compared to the previous version, it incorporates new features: (i) it can accommodate a diffuse nuclear surface, (ii) the treatment of the Pauli blocking effect is improved, removing unphysical features linked with the use of statistical blocking factors, (iii) collisions between moving spectator nucleons are explicitly suppressed, (iv) pion dynamics is improved, especially concerning the delta lifetime, (v) it can accommodate light ions as incoming projecticles, (vi) the remnant angular momentum is included in the output of the model. Another important feature is the self-consistent determination of the stopping time, i.e., the time at which the INC calculation is terminated and coupled to evaporation. The predictions of the model, used with the Schmidt evaporation code, are tested against a large body of experimental data, in the 200-MeV--2-GeV range for incident energy per nucleon, including total reaction cross sections, neutron, proton, pion, and composite double differential cross sections, particle multiplicities, residue mass and charge distributions, and residue recoil velocity distributions. Good agreement is generally obtained without additional varying parameters. It is shown that the introduction of a diffuse surface considerably improves the description of the total reaction cross sections, of the intensity of the quasielastic peak in proton and neutron double differential cross sections and of the residue production yield for isotopes close to the target. High energy neutron spectra are found to be sensitive to details of the deuteron structure in deuteron-induced reactions. The shape of the fragmentation peaks in residue mass spectra is shown to be closely related to the shape of the distribution of the excitation energy left after the cascade stage. The longitudinal residue recoil velocity and its fluctuations display typical random-walk characterics, which are interpreted as a direct consequence of the independence of successive binary collisions occurring during the cascade process and therefore provide a strong support of the basic hypotheses of the INC model. Small but systematic discrepancies between model predictions and experiment are identified and possible further improvements to reduce them are discussed. The influence of the evaporation model is investigated. A comparison with similar approaches is presented.
A low stray light, high current, low energy electron source (1999)

A design of an electron gun system is presented whose stray light emission is reduced by about three orders of magnitude compared to a regular low-energy electron diffraction gun. This is achieved by a combination of a BaO cathode run at rather low temperature and a 30° tandem parallel-plate analyzer used as an optical baffle. The system provides a high beam current of several microampers at 50 eV beam energy. The system can be used down to ∼10 eV.
Selected Chinese Patent Cases (2014)

About the Chief Editor. About the Translators. Foreword. Preface. Translator's Preface. The Commentary Committee. Acknowledgments. CHAPTER 1 Introduction to the Chinese Patent System CHAPTER 2 Administrative Patent Invalidity Cases. CHAPTER 3 Patent Infringement Cases. APPENDICES.