gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Goals and status of the German National Research Initiative BRIOLAS (brilliant diode lasers) (2007)

High power diode lasers play an important role in laser and systems technology. Over the past years the necessity arose to improve power and beam quality (i.e. brilliance) of the high power diode lasers. This is not only for building pump sources but also to provide appropriate light sources for various direct applications of high power diode lasers. The funding initiative "BRIOLAS" launched by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) is the answer to this demand. In ten projects diode technology, manufacturing technology, quality, pump applications, materials processing applications, medical systems and applications and also applications in the display technology are intensively investigated; the results shall be basis for new applications, for new products and for new ideas in the field of high power diode laser technology. The individual projects are vertically structured and in each project the entire technology chain necessary for the final success is represented by the participants. The first project has been launched end of 2004 in frame BMBF's funding program "Optical Technologies", the last one was started just recently. The BMBF is supporting the BRIOLAS-initiative with about 30 M€. This article provides a general overview over the target and the actual status of the initiative.
Inferring mobile trajectories using a network of binary proximity sensors (2011)

Understanding human mobility in an environment can be approached in many forms, one of which is to recover the underlying structure of user movement. In our work, we show that we can use a network of binary proximity sensors to detect paths between nodes and also extract highly popular trajectories users take. We show that with sufficient amount of these binary data, even with no prior knowledge of the location of these sensors, we can capture a correlation between the detection timestamps in the case where a physical path exists between any two nodes. Our algorithm also generates characteristics of the path, such as the distribution of transition times and volume. We further show that with sampling techniques we can estimate the underlying trajectories that generated the time stamps. We have tested our algorithm on a simulator and two sensor network deployments. We found that, despite the lack of position information about the sensor nodes, with timestamps alone our algorithm can accurately detect the trajectories and is robust enough to use in a real-world office building.
ACK with Interference Detection Technique for ZigBee Network under Wi-Fi Interference (2013)

Recent studies have shown that the low-power ZigBee based wireless sensor networks (WSN) are vulnerable to the interference of Wi-Fi wireless local area networks (WLAN). From our experimental studies on this coexistence issue, it is found that there are a large number of acknowledgement (ACK) packet losses in the ZigBee packet transmission process, which, in turn, generates large number of unnecessary packet retransmissions, wasting precious channel bandwidth and energy. To address this issue, in this paper, a novel technique named ACK with Interference Detection (ACK-ID) that can effectively reduce the ACK losses and consequently reduce ZigBee packet retransmissions is proposed and implemented in the Crossbow MICAz motes of our testbed. The experimental performance evaluation results show that the proposed ACK-ID can significantly improve the performance of ZigBee packet transmission in terms of ACK delivery rate and packet retransmission rate while operating under interference from the collocated WLAN.
Keratin‐based peptide: biological evaluation and strengthening properties on relaxed hair (2012)

A peptide based on a fragment of hair keratin type II cuticular protein, keratin peptide (KP), was studied as a possible strengthening agent for weakened relaxed hair. The peptide was prepared both in aqueous water formulation (WF) and organic solvent formulations (OF), to determine the effect of organic solvents on peptide interaction with hair and the differences in hair recovery. Both peptide formulations were shown to improve mechanical and thermal properties of weakened hair with peptide in OF showing the stronger effect. As a potential new hair care product, and so would necessitate contact with skin, the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the peptide were also evaluated through different methodologies (Alamar Blue assay, 2'-7'-dichlorofluorescein probe, cell morphology and growth and evaluation of DNA damage by an alkaline version of the comet assay) in skin fibroblasts. These tests are indicators of the potential of peptide to cause irritation on skin or to be carcinogenic, respectively. The peptide in WF did not cause cytotoxicity or genotoxicity in any of the concentrations tested. The presence of OF, however, induced a 20% decrease in cell viability in all of the range of concentrations used after 72-h incubation. Moreover, OF inhibited cell growth and was considered genotoxic at first contact with cells. The peptide was therefore considered a promising strengthening agent for hair and was shown to be innocuous when applied in WF.
Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study of a slow-release formulation of furosemide in man. (1983)

A slow-release formulation of 40 mg furosemide as capsules (Eutensin) was investigated for its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties in comparison with conventional tablets containing 40 mg furosemide (Lasix) in a single-blind clinical pharmacological trial in 6 healthy subjects. The following results were obtained: 1. The AUC0-24 after the administration of slow-release (SR) furosemide was about 42% of that after furosemide tablets. 2. Urine volume and urinary excretion of Na and Cl were significantly greater after furosemide tablets than after SR furosemide during the first 10 h after administration. No significant difference was observed between the two formulations in the urinary excretion of K, creatinine and uric acid. No significant difference was noted in every tested pharmacodynamic parameter during the cumulative 24 h after administration. It was concluded that SR furosemide may be used in the treatment of hypertension due to its characteristics of a slow-release diuretic feature, delayed peak blood concentration, delayed maximum diuretic effect and prolonged duration of action.
Structure of the multiple functional domains from coronavirus nonstructural protein 3 (2020)

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are potential pandemic pathogens that can infect a variety of hosts and cause respiratory, enteric, hepatic and neurological diseases. Nonstructural protein 3 (nsp3), an essential component of the replication/transcription complex, is one of the most important antiviral targets. Here, we report the first crystal structure of multiple functional domains from porcine delta-coronavirus (PDCoV) nsp3, including the macro domain (Macro), ubiquitin-like domain 2 (Ubl2) and papain-like protease (PLpro) catalytic domain. In the asymmetric unit, two of the subunits form the head-to-tail homodimer with an interaction interface between Macro and PLpro. However, PDCoV Macro-Ubl2-PLpro mainly exists as a monomer in solution. Then, we conducted fluorescent resonance energy transfer-based protease assays and found that PDCoV PLpro can cleave a peptide by mimicking the cognate nsp2/nsp3 cleavage site in peptide substrates and exhibits deubiquitinating and de-interferon stimulated gene(deISGylating) activities by hydrolysing ubiquitin-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (Ub-AMC) and ISG15-AMC substrates. Moreover, the deletion of Macro or Macro-Ubl2 decreased the enzyme activity of PLpro, indicating that Macro and Ubl2 play important roles in maintaining the stability of the PLpro domain. Two active sites of PLpro, Cys260 and His398, were determined; unexpectedly, the conserved site Asp412 was not the third active site. Furthermore, the motif "NGYDT" (amino acids 409-413) was important for stabilizing the enzyme activity of PLpro, and the N409A mutant significantly decreased the enzyme activity of PLpro. These results provide novel insights into the replication mechanism of CoV and new clues for future drug design.
Repression of <i>recA</i> Induction by RecX Is Independent of the RecA Protein in <i>Deinococcus radiodurans</i> (2010)

Besides inhibiting RecA activity at the protein level, Deinococcus radiodurans RecX can suppress RecA induction at the transcriptional level. The regulation of RecX on recA induction is independent of RecA activity, and its N terminus is involved in this process.
Extraction of Circles from Arcs Segmented into Short Straight Lines (2002)

This paper presents a new method that is capable of extracting circles from complicated and heavily corrupted images, which is not based on the Hough transform (HT). The proposed method consists of three parts. First, we approximately detect short straight lines from the image by using a fast line extraction algorithm. Second, it uses a least squares fitting algorithm for arc segments. The arc segments are used to calculate accurate circle parameters instead of using a parameter space. Finally, by using the segmented arcs we extract circles. Tests performed on synthetic and real-world images show that the algorithm quickly and accurately extracts circles from complicated and heavily corrupted images.
Uni-directional hypercubes (2002)

Two unidirectional hypercube topologies are proposed. Both have short diameter, short average distance, efficient routing, and multiple paths characteristics, and can accommodate a large number of nodes. They simplify the communication port hardware from bidirectional to unidirectional, and hence allow one to build larger VLSI hypercubes as well as to implement hypercube-based MANs (metropolitan area networks) with optical fibers. Improvements to and optimizations of the proposed schemes are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Force field calculations (MM2) of carbon lattices (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTForce field calculations (MM2) of carbon latticesG. Laqua, H. Musso, W. Boland, and R. AhlrichsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 20, 7391–7392Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00176a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00176a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views84Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
BCL-2 Is Phosphorylated and Inactivated by an ASK1/Jun N-Terminal Protein Kinase Pathway Normally Activated at G<sub>2</sub>/M (1999)

Multiple signal transduction pathways are capable of modifying BCL-2 family members to reset susceptibility to apoptosis. We used two-dimensional peptide mapping and sequencing to identify three residues (Ser70, Ser87, and Thr69) within the unstructured loop of BCL-2 that were phosphorylated in response to microtubule-damaging agents, which also arrest cells at G(2)/M. Changing these sites to alanine conferred more antiapoptotic activity on BCL-2 following physiologic death signals as well as paclitaxel, indicating that phosphorylation is inactivating. An examination of cycling cells enriched by elutriation for distinct phases of the cell cycle revealed that BCL-2 was phosphorylated at the G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle. G(2)/M-phase cells proved more susceptible to death signals, and phosphorylation of BCL-2 appeared to be responsible, as a Ser70Ala substitution restored resistance to apoptosis. We noted that ASK1 and JNK1 were normally activated at G(2)/M phase, and JNK was capable of phosphorylating BCL-2. Expression of a series of wild-type and dominant-negative kinases indicated an ASK1/Jun N-terminal protein kinase 1 (JNK1) pathway phosphorylated BCL-2 in vivo. Moreover, the combination of dominant negative ASK1, (dnASK1), dnMKK7, and dnJNK1 inhibited paclitaxel-induced BCL-2 phosphorylation. Thus, stress response kinases phosphorylate BCL-2 during cell cycle progression as a normal physiologic process to inactivate BCL-2 at G(2)/M.
Cooperative Transmission Strategy for Downlink Distributed Antenna Systems over Time-Varying Channel (2014)

The channel state information (CSI) is used to optimise data transmission in time division duplex (TDD) systems, which is obtained at the time of channel estimation. The actual channel of data transmission at downlink time slot is different from the estimated channel due to channel variation in user movement environment. In this paper the impact of different user mobility on TDD downlink multiuser distributed antenna system is investigated. Based on mobility state information (MSI), an autocorrelation based feedback interval technique is proposed and updates CSI and mitigate the performance degradation imposed by the user speed and transmission delay. Cooperative clusters are formed to maximize sum rate and a channel gain based antenna selection and user clustering based on SINR threshold is applied to reduce computational complexity. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme can provide improved sum rate over the non cooperative system and no MSI knowledge. The proposed technique has good performance for wide range of speed and suitable for future wireless communication systems.
18F-FDG labelling of human leukocytes (2000)

Radiolabelled leukocytes are useful for the imaging of inflammation and infection, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) is known to concentrate in metabolically active cells. We evaluated the feasibility of leukocyte labelling with 18F-FDG using ACD and heparin anticoagulants at 20 degrees C and 37 degrees C, with and without gentle mixing during incubation. With leukocytes (WBC) harvested from 20 ml blood, studies were performed using 18F-FDG in concentrations of 3.7-74 MBq (0.1-2.0 mCi). 18F-FDG WBC stability in platelet-poor plasma was assessed at 1-4 h. Satisfactory labelling efficiency was achieved with incubation in heparin-saline at 37 degrees C for 30 min (62.7+/-1.6%), and was further enhanced by mixing during incubation (78.1+/-3.9%). Cell labelling was predominantly of granulocytes (78.5+/-1.4%). 18F-FDG WBC was relatively stable in platelet-poor plasma for up to 4 h, and no cell staining was observed in viability studies using trypan blue. These results indicate the feasibility of leukocyte labelling with 18F-FDG, providing an approach that may be useful in PET imaging of inflammation and infection.
Ozone Sensitivity in Sweet Corn (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Plants: A Possible Relationship to Water Balance (1981)

Stomatal characteristics affecting gas exchange were compared in two sweet corn hybrids (var. Bonanza and Monarch Advance) which differ in foliar ozone sensitivity. No significant differences were observed in stomatal frequencies, guard cell lengths, or conductances to water vapor diffusion.When plant water status was compared, leaf-water potentials for the ozone-resistant cultivar, Bonanza, were lower. A comparison of the relationship between soil- and leaf-water potential indicated that the leaf-water potential of Bonanza was more sensitive to declines in soil-water potential. Additionally, a comparison of stomatal conductance to water vapor diffusion as soil moisture declined and following root detachment indicated that stomata of Bonanza were, likewise, more sensitive to increasing water stress. Data suggest that these differences are attributable to a greater shoot-to-root fresh weight ratio and higher resistance to water movement in the water-conducting tissues for Bonanza.Our observations suggest that root and water delivery system characteristics play a major contributory role in the determination of foliar ozone sensitivity in this species.
Board level JTAG/boundary scan test solution (2014)

The In-circuit-Tester (ICI) demands large volume of physical test points on PCB, which makes the PCB size bigger and also the cost of ICT test technology is very high, so there is a need for low cost PCB test technology, which allows the miniaturization of PCBs with simple design rules[1]. The solution is `Boundary Scan'. Implementation of IEEE1149.1boundary scan test standard into the ICs contributed drastically to the miniaturization of PCB assembly. This paper presents the applications of JTAG boundary scan test solution and the development of Boundary scan test solution using JTAG Provision for `Main Processor Unit'(MPU). MPU contains Altera's one number EP3C40, two numbers EP3C2S FPGAs, four numbers Analog device's ADSP-BFS48 and One Marvels 88E1111 PHY Boundary scan compatible ICs. From the experiments, it is observed that boundary scan test solution to MPU reduces the test time from several hours to 1 min 52 seconds compared to conventional testing.
Impact of the Synthesis Conditions on the Performance of LiNi<sub>x</sub>Co<sub>y</sub>Al<sub>z</sub>O<sub>2</sub> with High Ni and Low Co Content (2018)

One way to lower the cost of lithium ion batteries using LiNixMnyCozO2 (NMC) or LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 is to lower the Co content in the positive electrode materials. This work systematically studied the impact of the synthesis conditions on the performance of LiNixCoyAlzO2 (x ≥ 0.8, z ≤ 0.05 and x + y + z = 1) (NCA) with high Ni and low Co content. The impacts of oxygen flow rate, sintering temperature, initial Li/TM ratio and sintering time on the structural and electrochemical properties of NCA were systematically studied. The conditions when impurity phases such as Li2CO3 and Li5AlO4 appear were carefully examined. The impact of residual lithium compounds on the electrochemical performance was also discussed. It was found that the synthesis conditions, which affect the a-axis, c-axis and NiLi content of the NCA samples, have strong impacts on the lithium diffusion at low and high states of charge based on differential capacity vs. voltage (dQ/dV vs. V) measurements at various rates and temperatures. Additionally, the reversible capacity and cycling stability correlated strongly with the intensity of the dQ/dV vs V peak at 3.5 V (discharge) measured with a C/20 rate at 30°C.
Size and function in conifer tracheids and angiosperm vessels (2006)

The wide size range of conifer tracheids and angiosperm vessels has important consequences for function. In both conduit types, bigger is better for conducting efficiency. The gain in efficiency with size is maximized by the control of conduit shape, which balances end-wall and lumen resistances. Although vessels are an order of magnitude longer than tracheids of the same diameter, they are not necessarily more efficient because they lack the low end-wall resistance of tracheids with torus-margo pits. Instead, vessels gain conducting efficiency over tracheids by achieving wider maximum diameters. End-walls contributed 56-64% to total xylem resistance in both conduit types, indicating that length limits conducting efficiency. Tracheid dimensions may be more limited by unicellularity and the need to supply strength to homoxylous wood than by the need to protect against cavitation. In contrast, the greater size of the multicellular vessel is facilitated by fibers that strengthen heteroxylous wood. Vessel dimensions may be most limited by the need to restrict intervessel pitting and cavitation by air-seeding. Stressful habitats that promote narrow vessels should favor coexistence of conifers and angiosperms. The evolution of vessels in angiosperm wood may have required early angiosperms to survive a phase of mechanic and hydraulic instability.
Neutrophil extracellular traps in ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced myocardial no-reflow: therapeutic potential of DNase-based reperfusion strategy (2014)

Emerging evidence suggests a potential role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in linking sterile inflammation and thrombosis. We hypothesized that NETs would be induced during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), and NET-mediated microthrombosis may contribute to myocardial "no-reflow". Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into I/R control, DNase (DNase I, 20 μg/rat), recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA, 420 μg/rat), DNase + rt-PA, and sham control groups after 45-min myocardial ischemia. In situ NET formation, the anatomic "no re-flow" area, and infarct size were evaluated immediately after 3 h of reperfusion. Long-term left ventricular (LV) functional and histological analyses were performed 45 days after operation. Compared with the I/R controls, the DNase + rt-PA group exhibited reduced NET density [8.38 ± 1.98 vs. 26.86 ± 3.07 (per 200 × field), P < 0.001] and "no-flow" area (15.22 ± 0.06 vs. 34.6 ± 0.05%, P < 0.05) in the ischemic region, as well as reduced infarct size (38.39 ± 0.05 vs. 71.00 ± 0.03%, P < 0.001). Additionally, compared with the I/R controls, DNase + rt-PA treatment significantly ameliorated I/R injury-induced LV remodeling (LV ejection fraction: 64.22 ± 3.37 vs. 33.81 ± 2.98%, P < 0.05; LV maximal slope of the LV systolic pressure increment: 3,785 ± 216 vs. 2,596 ± 299 mmHg/s, P < 0.05). The beneficial effect was not observed in rats treated with DNase I or rt-PA alone. Our study provides evidence for the existence of NETs in I/R-challenged myocardium and confirms the long-term benefit of a novel DNase-based reperfusion strategy (DNase I + rt-PA), which might be a promising option for the treatment of myocardial I/R injury and coronary no-reflow.
Interference aspects of terahertz transmission (2009)

In this paper, interference aspects of terahertz transmission are considered. Possible interference effects in indoor THz communication are experimentally proved using a THz photomixer setup. The method of coherent homodyne detection is applied to explain the problem. Fourier Transform is used for precise analysis of the interference effects and calculations of the optical path changes. The paper explains the problem of multipath communications in the terahertz range.