gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimally allocating processing time variability on a synchronous assembly line. (1993)

Processing time variability exists in assembly lines for many reasons including several models of a product being assembled on the same line, optional product features, changing product mix over time, disruptions due to machine or tool failures, variation in worker skill and experience across different tasks, and natural human variation in a repetitive manual work environment. This dissertation examines how to allocate processing time variability on a synchronous assembly line where jobs with incomplete tasks are reworked at the end of the line. The allocation of processing time variability refers to determining the processing time variance at each station on the line given a fixed amount of total variability. Being able to determine the optimal allocation of variability is critical for the design, planning, and improvement of assembly lines. Two objectives for the cost of rework are examined. The first objective assumes that rework cost is proportional to the amount of work not completed on a job, also known as the work overload. The second objective assumes that rework cost only depends upon whether or not a job requires rework. Each objective depends on several factors including the mean processing time at each station, the number of stations on the line, the cycle time of the line, the total variability in the system, and the allocation of variance. Three models are examined for each objective. The first model assumes that the mean processing time at each station is the same. The second model assumes that the mean processing time at each station is not the same. The last model assumes that both processing time mean and variance can be allocated. For each of these models it is shown that beyond certain levels of reasonable variability, most of the variability should be isolated at as few stations as possible. Stations that do have significant variability should be compensated for this high variability via lower average processing requirements when possible. For both objectives, such an approach for allocating variability leads to significant improvements in performance over a line where each station is allocated the same processing time mean and variance.
High Throughput Screens Yield Small Molecule Inhibitors of Leishmania CRK3:CYC6 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (2011)

The pharmacophores identified from the high throughput screens, and the derivatives synthesised, selectively target the parasite enzyme and represent compounds for future hit-to-lead synthesis programs to develop therapeutics against Leishmania species. Challenges remain in identifying specific CDK inhibitors with both target selectivity and potency against the parasite.
PILOT PLANTS. Diammonium Phosphate (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPILOT PLANTS. Diammonium PhosphateH. L. Thompson, Philip Miller, P. M. Johnson, I. W. McCamy, and George HoffmeisterCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1950, 42, 10, 2176–2182Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50490a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50490a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views226Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Polarization state and phase noise insensitive POLSK phase-diversity homodyne system in coherent optical communications (2003)

The authors propose a polarization shift keying (POLSK) phase-diversity homodyne system insensitive both to the polarization state and phase noise in coherent optical communications. The proposed system can reduce the influence of state-of-polarization (SOP) fluctuations on the receiver sensitivity by using multiplying detection with in-phase and quadrature optical signal components of two orthogonal polarizations. The proposed system is insensitive to phase noise and is attractive for high speed transmission since the receiver is of the homodyne type. The most attractive features of the proposed system are that neither a polarization controller nor an electronic feedback loop for matching the SOPs is needed and that two problems, polarization state and phase noise, are solved. The authors theoretically analyze the receiver sensitivity considering the influence due to the elliptical SOP of received optical signals and the power penalty of the proposed system in the case of the unbalanced optical 90 degrees hybrid.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reversal of Interferon-γ-Resistant Phenotype by Poly(I:C): Possible Involvement of ISGF2 (IRF1) in Interferon-γ-Mediated Induction of the IDO Gene (1994)

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is induced in many cell lines by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) treatment. IDO mRNA increases rapidly from 4 h after IFN-gamma treatment to at least 24 h after treatment in ME180 cells. The IFN-gamma-resistant mutant of ME180, IR3B6B, expresses only one-sixth the amount of IDO message after IFN-gamma treatment and very low levels of IDO. However, pretreatment of these mutants with poly(I:C) restores normal levels of IDO mRNAs and IDO activity. Since IRF1 mRNA induction is also low in IR3B6B cells after IFN-gamma treatment, we examined whether there was any relationship between IRF1 induction and IDO induction by IFN-gamma. The steady-state level of IRF1 mRNA was elevated by treating IR3B6B cells with poly(I:C) and IFN-gamma. Poly(I:C)-mediated reversal of IFN-gamma-resistant phenotype and induction of IDO and IRF1 messages are inhibited by 2-aminopurine. Transient transfection of IRF1 cDNA in ME180 cells resulted in activation of IDO transcription. Nuclear extracts prepared from IFN-gamma-treated ME180 and IR3B6B cells affected differently the mobility of a 80-bp DNA fragment of the 5' regulatory region of IDO gene. Pretreatment of IR3B6B cells with poly(I:C) and addition of IFN-gamma resulted in increased DNA binding of nuclear proteins to the DNA. Pre- and post-treatment of nuclear extract of IFN-gamma-treated ME180 cells with anti-IRF1 antibody resulted in a super shift in mobility of the probe with the abolishment of normal gel-shift pattern.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Update on the genetics of Parkinson's disease (2007)

Over the last few years, several genes for monogenic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been mapped and/or cloned. Mutations have been identified in the gene for alpha-synuclein in rare families with dominant PD, indicating that aggregation of this protein in Lewy bodies is probably a crucial step in the molecular pathogenesis of the disorder. A much more common cause for dominant PD, mutations in the gene for leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), has recently been identified. Mutations in the parkin gene, in DJ-1 and PINK1 all cause autosomal recessive parkinsonism of early onset. These genes have been implicated in the proteasomal protein degradation pathway, in the oxidative stress response and mitochondrial function. Mutations in recessive genes probably are pathogenic through loss-of-function mechanisms, suggesting that their wildtype products protect dopaminergic cells against a variety of insults. Evidence is emerging that at least some of these genes may play a direct role in the etiology of the common sporadic form of PD. Further, it is likely that the cellular pathways identified in rare monogenic variants of the disease also shed light on the molecular pathogenesis in typical sporadic PD.
Treatment With a Fusion Protein of the Extracellular Domains of NKG2D to IL-15 Retards Colon Cancer Growth in Mice (2014)

Tumor-targeted cytokines are a new class of pharmaceutical anticancer agents often considered superior to the corresponding unconjugated cytokines for therapeutic purposes. We generated a new fusion protein, dsNKG2D-IL-15, in which double NKG2D extracellular domains were fused to IL-15, in Escherichia coli. This fusion protein promoted the activation, proliferation, and cytotoxicity of NK cells, and bound to NKG2D ligand-positive tumor cells. These tumor cells were also more susceptible to NK-cell attack when decorated with dsNKG2D-IL-15. The administration of mouse dsNKG2D-IL-15 protein in vivo significantly retarded the growth of transplanted colon cancers and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Treatment with dsNKG2D-IL-15 increased the frequencies of NK and CD8 T cells in spleen and tumor tissues. The antitumor effect mediated by dsNKG2D-IL-15 was significantly decreased with in vivo depletion of NK cells or CD8 T cells. Recombinant dsNKG2D-IL-15 thus inhibited NKG2D ligand-positive tumor growth effectively by activating lymphocytes. This new biological fusion protein could potentially be used to elicit immunity in tumor-targeting treatments.
Clonal Dynamics Reveal Two Distinct Populations of Basal Cells in Slow-Turnover Airway Epithelium (2015)

Epithelial lineages have been studied at cellular resolution in multiple organs that turn over rapidly. However, many epithelia, including those of the lung, liver, pancreas, and prostate, turn over slowly and may be regulated differently. We investigated the mouse tracheal epithelial lineage at homeostasis by using long-term clonal analysis and mathematical modeling. This pseudostratified epithelium contains basal cells and secretory and multiciliated luminal cells. Our analysis revealed that basal cells are heterogeneous, comprising approximately equal numbers of multipotent stem cells and committed precursors, which persist in the basal layer for 11 days before differentiating to luminal fate. We confirmed the molecular and functional differences within the basal population by using single-cell qRT-PCR and further lineage labeling. Additionally, we show that self-renewal of short-lived secretory cells is a feature of homeostasis. We have thus revealed early luminal commitment of cells that are morphologically indistinguishable from stem cells.
Passive active resonant coupler platform with taperedpassive waveguide (2000)

The authors demonstrate an ultra-compact, low-loss vertical mode transfer between a 1.55 µm InGaAsP QW active waveguide and a well-confined passive waveguide using a 100 µm long taper on both the active and passive waveguide. The radiation loss during the transfer was measured to be less than 0.5 dB. The device was fabricated using a single epitaxial growth and conventional fabrication schemes. This approach will improve the new platform technology for integrating active and passive photonic devices reported earlier.
CMOS Photonics&amp;#8482; -- SOI Learns a New Trick (2006)

Luxtera has used Freescale Semiconductor's production 0.13/spl mu/m SOI process to implement optical communications capability for high bandwidth LAN, SAN, shelf-to-shelf and chip-to-chip communications. These optical transceiver cores operate at 10Gbps and offer superior reach, power consumption, latency, die area, and scalability compared to emerging standards for electrical interconnect. They are monolithically fabricated alongside SOI CMOS circuitry in the same die. Thus, for the first time in history, high speed optical communications directly between silicon die can be accomplished at a price/performance point superior to traditional electrical interconnect.
The effectiveness of anti-TNF-  therapies when used sequentially in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2010)

Sequential TNF-α inhibitor use is likely to lead to treatment benefit in terms of the signs and symptoms of disease and physical function. There is also some evidence to suggest that the probability of achieving a response is lower, and the average magnitude of response is lower than the first use. Further evidence from randomized controlled trials is required to confirm and further quantify the role specific anti-TNF-α agents have when used sequentially.
A method of determining electrical potential gradient across mitochondrial membrane in perfused rat hearts (1993)

The electrical potential gradient across the mitochondrial membrane (delta psi m) in perfused rat hearts was estimated by calculating the equilibrium distribution of the lipophilic cation tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP+), using measured kinetic constants of uptake and release of TPP+. First-order rate constants of TPP+ uptake were measured during 30-min perfusions of intact rat hearts with tracer amounts (5.0 nM) of tritium-labeled TPP+ ([3H]TPP+) in the perfusate. This was followed by a 30-min washout, during which the first-order rate constant of efflux was estimated. Values of [3H]TPP+ outside the heart and total [3H]TPP+ inside the heart at equilibrium were calculated. From this information and separately estimated time-averaged plasma membrane potentials (delta psi c) it was possible to calculate free cytosolic [3H]TPP+ at equilibrium. It was also possible to calculate free intramitochondrial [3H]TPP+ at equilibrium as the difference between total tissue [3H]TPP+ minus free cytosolic TPP+ and the sum of all the bound [3H]TPP+. Bound [3H]TPP+ was determined from [3H]TPP+ binding constants measured in separate experiments, using both isolated mitochondria and isolated cardiac myocytes under conditions where both delta psi m and delta psi c were zero. Delta psi m was calculated from the intramitochondrial and cytosolic free TPP+ concentrations using the Nernst equation. Values of delta psi m were 144.9 +/- 2.0 mV in hearts perfused with 5 mM pyruvate and 118.2 +/- 1.4 mV in hearts perfused with 11 mM glucose, in good agreement with delta psi m obtained from isolated rat heart mitochondria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Synthesis of an isotopically labeled dilactam-bridged tetrapeptide (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of an isotopically labeled dilactam-bridged tetrapeptideNick J. Manesis and Murray GoodmanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 24, 5342–5349Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00233a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00233a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views769Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Measurement and Characterization of Helicopter Noise at Different Altitudes (2016)

This paper presents an overview of a flight test campaign performed at different test sites whose altitudes ranged from 0 to 7000 feet above mean sea level (AMSL) between September 2014 and February 2015. The purposes of this campaign were to: investigate the effects of altitude variation on noise generation, investigate the effects of gross weight variation on noise generation, establish the statistical variability in acoustic flight testing of helicopters, and characterize the effects of transient maneuvers on radiated noise for a medium-lift utility helicopter. In addition to describing the test campaign, results of the acoustic effects of altitude variation for the AS350 SD1 and EH-60L aircraft are presented. Large changes in acoustic amplitudes were observed in response to changes in ambient conditions when the helicopter was flown at constant indicated airspeed and gross weight at the three test sites. However, acoustic amplitudes were found to scale with ambient pressure when flight conditions were defined in terms of the non-dimensional parameters, such as the weight coefficient and effective hover tip Mach number.
Randomized Phase II Study of the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Ghrelin During the Postoperative Period of Esophagectomy (2014)

Postoperative ghrelin administration was effective for inhibiting inflammatory mediators and improving the postoperative clinical course of patients with esophageal cancer.
Hepatitis C virus genotyping using 5′ nuclease real-time PCR and probes with oligodeoxyinosine linkers (2009)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of severe liver disease including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Genotyping became fundamental in the clinical assessment of patients with hepatitis C because the genotype of the hepatitis C virus determines the chance of therapeutic response and duration of treatment. We developed a new real-time PCR assay for genotyping of HCV with increased specificity due to a novel approach to dual-labeled probe design using oligodeoxyinosine linkers. The assay allows genotypes 1, 2, 3 to be distinguished and genotypes 4-6 with high specificity to be blocked. The analytical sensitivity (150 IU/ml) can be implemented. Of the 285 clinical samples genotyped using the developed assay, 45% were genotype 1; 6%, genotype 2; 49%, genotype 3. No discordant results with 5-UTR sequencing and commercial genotyping assays were obtained.
Using geometric constraints through parallelepipeds for calibration and 3D modeling (2005)

This paper concerns the incorporation of geometric information in camera calibration and 3D modeling. Using geometric constraints enables more stable results and allows us to perform tasks with fewer images. Our approach is motivated and developed within a framework of semi-automatic 3D modeling, where the user defines geometric primitives and constraints between them. It is based on the observation that constraints, such as coplanarity, parallelism, or orthogonality, are often embedded intuitively in parallelepipeds. Moreover, parallelepipeds are easy to delineate by a user and are well adapted to model the main structure of, e.g., architectural scenes. In this paper, first a duality that exists between the shape parameters of a parallelepiped and the intrinsic parameters of a camera is described. Then, a factorization-based algorithm exploiting this relation is developed. Using images of parallelepipeds, it allows us to simultaneously calibrate cameras, recover shapes of parallelepipeds, and estimate the relative pose of all entities. Besides geometric constraints expressed via parallelepipeds, our approach simultaneously takes into account the usual self-calibration constraints on cameras. The proposed algorithm is completed by a study of the singular cases of the calibration method. A complete method for the reconstruction of scene primitives that are not modeled by parallelepipeds is also briefly described. The proposed methods are validated by various experiments with real and simulated data, for single-view as well as multiview cases.
Studies of ester‐containing surfactants: Effect of position of ester group on surface tension (1974)

Abstract The properties in aqueous solution of the series of sodium sulfoalkyl alkanoates of general formula C n H 2n+1 COO(CH 2 ) m SO 3 Na (where n=9,10, and 11; m=2,3, and 4) have been investigated by measurements of surface tension. According to the Gibbs absorption isotherm equation, the slope of the curves of the surface tension vs. logarithm concentration gives the amount of surfactant adsorbed. The surface tension of sodium 4‐sulfobutyl ester derivatives was lower than that of sodium 2‐sulfoethyl and 3‐sulfopropyl ester derivatives in the region below the critical micelle concentration. The areas occupied/molecule for sodium 2‐sulfoethyl and 3‐sulfopropyl ester derivatives were in the range 51–56 Å 2 , which agreed with the value 50 Å 2 obtained for the sodium dodecyl sulfate. However, the values of the areas occupied/molecule for sodium 4‐sulfobutyl ester derivatives were 63–65 Å 2 , which was large compared with that of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The effect of the ester group in the sodium 4‐sulfobutyl ester derivatives on the orientation of the molecule at the air‐water interface is different from the effect of the ester group in the sodium 2‐sulfoethyl and 3‐sulfopropyl ester derivatives on the orientation of the molecule at the air‐water interface.
The British Cotton Industry and International Competitive Advantage: The State of the Debates (1990)

(1990). The British Cotton Industry and International Competitive Advantage: The State of the Debates. Business History: Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 9-65.
Glioblastoma Resistance to Anti-VEGF Therapy: Has the Challenge Been MET? (2013)

In glioblastoma cells the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met is upregulated in response to bevacizumab and plays an important role in promoting invasion and tumor recurrence. These data support novel links between VEGF-A and hepatocyte growth factor and suggest that c-Met and its signaling effectors may be effective targets for anti-invasive therapies.
A Boosting Algorithm for Classification of Semi - Structured Text (2004)

The focus of research in text classification has expanded from simple topic identification to more challenging tasks such as opinion/modality identification. Unfortunately, the latter goals exceed the ability of the traditional bag-of-word representation approach, and a richer, more structural representation is required. Accordingly, learning algorithms must be created that can handle the structures observed in texts. In this paper, we propose a Boosting algorithm that captures sub-structures embedded in texts. The proposal consists of i) decision stumps that use subtrees as features and ii) the Boosting algorithm which employs the subtree-based decision stumps as weak learners. We also discuss the relation between our algorithm and SVMs with tree kernel. Two experiments on opinion/modality classification confirm that subtree features are important.