gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Examination of the Pest Status of Corn-Infesting Ulidiidae (Diptera) (2012)

Larvae of 11 species of picture-winged flies (Diptera: Ulididae) are known to feed on corn plants (Zea mays L.) in the western hemisphere. Larvae emerge from eggs deposited in leaf axils and corn silk to feed mostly within ears, but the primary versus secondary nature (i.e., pest status) of their infestation is not known for all of these species. Choice and no-choice tests by using a split-plot design were conducted in greenhouse and field trials to determine the pest status on sweet corn of three of these species found in Florida: Chaetopsis massyla (Walker), Euxesta eluta Loew, and E. stigmatias Loew. The main treatments (uninfested ears and ears experimentally infested with either Spodoptera frugiperda [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae] or E. eluta larvae) were applied at first silk. The subtreatments (C. massyla, E. eluta, or E. stigmatias adults caged on ears) were applied 7 d later and maintained for 10 d. All three fly species were reared from uninfested and experimentally infested ears in both choice and no-choice tests in greenhouse and field trials confirming both primary and secondary modes of ear infestation. More flies of all three species emerged from ears that were preinfested with S. frugiperda compared with uninfested ears suggesting either preference for or greater survival within ears previously infested by S. frugiperda. Fewer E. eluta and E. stigmatias emerged from ears preinfested with E. eluta in no-choice field tests, suggesting that previous infestation by this fly may negatively affect oviposition or that older fly larvae affect survival of neonate larvae. All three species studied here should be considered primary pests that can render unprotected sweet corn ears unmarketable.
Robust Prediction of Fault-Proneness by Random Forests (2005)

Accurate prediction of fault prone modules (a module is equivalent to a C function or a C+ + method) in software development process enables effective detection and identification of defects. Such prediction models are especially beneficial for large-scale systems, where verification experts need to focus their attention and resources to problem areas in the system under development. This paper presents a novel methodology for predicting fault prone modules, based on random forests. Random forests are an extension of decision tree learning. Instead of generating one decision tree, this methodology generates hundreds or even thousands of trees using subsets of the training data. Classification decision is obtained by voting. We applied random forests in five case studies based on NASA data sets. The prediction accuracy of the proposed methodology is generally higher than that achieved by logistic regression, discriminant analysis and the algorithms in two machine learning software packages, WEKA [I. H. Witten et al. (1999)] and See5. The difference in the performance of the proposed methodology over other methods is statistically significant. Further, the classification accuracy of random forests is more significant over other methods in larger data sets.
0.3-μm pitch random interconnect patterning with node connection phase-shifting mask: experiments and simulations (2000)

The effectiveness of node-connection phase-shifting mask (PSM) was investigated experimentally. In this method, the original design patterns are decomposed into several alternating PSM sub-patterns bas don geometrical rules, and multiple-exposure of these masks reconstructs the original design patterns. This is suitable for random logic interconnects, where wire features are on the 'DA-grid'. We applied this method to patterning a 0.3-micrometers pitch random interconnect with a conventional DUV exposure tool Random interconnect patterns with 0.3-micrometers pitch random interconnect with a conventional DUV exposure tool. Random interconnect patterns with 0.3-micrometers pitch were decomposed using in-house geometrical Boolean operators into three PSMs and were multiply exposed onto the same region of wafer using a KrF exposure tool. Though this is preliminary experiment without mask/process optimization, it shows a possibility of below 0.3-micrometers pitch logic interconnect with KrF tools. Thus, combining this with the phase-edge PSMs or some 'slimming' technologies for shrinking gate-length, the 0.1-micrometers generation logic LSIs are expected to be achieved with conventional DUV exposure tools.
Development of line interactive type UPS using a novel control system (2003)

A line interactive type UPS using a novel control system is described. The dynamic output characteristics have responded to tolerance band of the ITI (CBEMA) curve by using the proposed control system. Moreover, whereas voltage dip (<about 1 cycle), sag or surge occurs, a storage battery does not discharge due to charge from an inner capacitor and output characteristics are kept within the tolerance band. Therefore, the developed line interactive type UPS is satisfied with the recent needs from the global and environmental perspective, such as high reliability, high efficiency, space saving and low cost. In order to satisfy with the tolerance band of the ITI curve, the developed line interactive type UPS is suitable for information equipments.
Site-Specific RNase A Activity Was Dramatically Reduced in Serum from Multiple Types of Cancer Patients (2014)

Potent RNase activities were found in the serum of mammals but the physiological function of the RNases was never well illustrated, largely due to the caveats in methods of RNase activity measurement. None of the existing methods can distinguish between RNases with different target specificities. A systematic study was recently carried out in our lab to investigate the site-specificity of serum RNases on double-stranded RNA substrates, and found that serum RNases cleave double-stranded RNAs predominantly at 5'-U/A-3' and 5'-C/A-3' dinucleotide sites, in a manner closely resembling RNase A. Based on this finding, a FRET assay was developed in the current study to measure this site-specific serum RNase activity in human samples using a double stranded RNA substrate. We demonstrated that the method has a dynamic range of 10(-5) mg/ml- 10(-1) mg/ml using serial dilution of RNase A. The sera of 303 cancer patients were subjected to comparison with 128 healthy controls, and it was found that serum RNase activities visualized with this site-specific double stranded probe were found to be significantly reduced in patients with gastric cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer, ovary cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, kidney cancer and lung cancer, while only minor changes were found in breast and colon cancer patients. This is the first report using double stranded RNA as probe to quantify site-specific activities of RNase A in a serum. The results illustrated that RNase A might be further evaluated to determine if it can serve as a new class of biomarkers for certain cancer types.
Modeling quality adaptation capabilities of audio-visual data (2002)

Describes the modeling part of the project CODAC (Modeling and Querying COntent Description and Quality Adaptation Capabilities of Audio-Visual Data). One of the CODAC project aims is the definition of a common framework for modeling content information and quality adaptation capabilities of audio-visual data. Descriptions which are indexed, i.e. stored in the meta-database, will be encoded as an MPEG-7 description. Such a model enables us to provide active components with valuable information to govern or enhance their media scaling, buffering, and caching policies on the delivery path to the client (network routers and proxy caches).
Activation of Plasminogen by Staphylokinase Reduces the Severity of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Systemic Infection (2010)

The results suggest that expression of SAK followed by activation of plg alleviates the course of S. aureus sepsis.
Silylated Coumarin Dyes in Sol−Gel Hosts. 1. Structure and Environmental Factors on Fluorescent Properties (1998)

Several silylated coumarin dyes with different linkages and degrees of functionality have been synthesized and incorporated in both SiO2 xerogels and various solvent hosts. The absorption and fluorescence spectra were examined to explore selected structural and environmental effects on the optical properties of these dyes. Silylated dyes (also referred to as grafted or functionalized dyes) are dye molecules that have been chemically altered to provide alkoxysilane functionality allowing the active molecule to be covalently bonded to the host. Silylation of dye molecules had little effect on the absorption and fluorescence spectra in neutral solvent environments. The optical spectra of silylated dyes compared to those of their conventional counterpart were less influenced by the local chemical environment (e.g., pH) and thus allow for greater control and stability of the fluorescent properties of the dyes in different host environments. Spectroscopy during the drying/gelling of a derCoum xerogel film containing a silylated coumarin dye illustrate changes in the chemical forms of the dye molecules associated with changes in the local chemical environment of the dye.
Semantic Web-Based Digital Content Management in Grid Computing (2008)

Grid computing has been noticed as a solution for digital content management. But, existing grid computing-based digital content management systems cannot meet complex and detailed requirements of a grid user due to the simple search mechanism base on few keywords. Therefore, this paper constructs a digital content ontology that represents digital content information. And, this paper proposes a semantic Web-based digital content management system. In the system, a semantic Web agent analyzes user requirements and infers a proper digital content from the digital content ontology. And, the system selects a grid resource with the cheapest and fastest data service among grid resources which can provide the inferred digital content. Digital content data is transferred from the selected grid resource to the grid user through a local grid resource agent.
Effect of Project Management in Requirements Engineering and Requirements Change Management Processes for Global Software Development (2018)

Presently, global software development (GSD) is growing very rapidly. However, it is not an easy and straightforward process. Requirements engineering (RE) and requirements change management (RCM) both are considered as very challenging activities due to demanding rich communications. Because it is necessary to address geographical and cultural differences in GSD, this requirement makes RE and RCM challenging. This paper investigates the importance of project management in RE and RCM processes. First, the frameworks with the phenomena of specialized project management are proposed for RE and RCM. Then, a survey and blind interviews of the experts are conducted to validate the proposed frameworks. Finally, statistical tools are applied to analyze the collected data. By utilizing the analyzed data, our results show the significant impacts of both frameworks (i.e., RE and RCM) in the GSD environment.
Performance analysis of multiplexed medical data transmission for mobile emergency care over the UMTS channel (2005)

In this paper, a third-generation universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) solution for the delivery of biomedical information from an ambulance to a hospital is presented. The joint transmission of voice, real-time video, electrocardiogram signals, and medical scans in a realistic cellular multiuser simulation environment is considered, taking into account the advantages and particularities of UMTS technology for such transmission. The accomplishment of quality of service constraints for different services is investigated and quantitative results are provided in order to demonstrate the feasibility of using UMTS technology for emergency care services on high-speed moving ambulance vehicles.
An evaluation of thermally-induced structural disturbances of spacecraft solar arrays (2002)

Spacecraft have experienced attitude disturbances as a result of thermally-induced motions of flexible appendages for over 30 years. Thermally-induced deformations of appendages such as deployable booms and solar arrays may result in significant disturbance torques. These effects lead to a decrease in pointing accuracy, an increase in pointing jitter and in extreme cases may affect the stability of the entire spacecraft. Examples of recent satellites whose performance has been degraded by thermally-induced structural disturbances are the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS). This paper presents an evaluation of thermally-induced structural disturbances of solar arrays, including: (1) identification of disturbances sources and classifications; (2) assessment of the susceptibility of different types of solar array to the disturbances; and (3) discussion of potential methods for mitigating the effects of the disturbances.
Resolution of cutaneous leishmaniasis: interleukin 12 initiates a protective T helper type 1 immune response. (1993)

Resistance to Leishmania major in mice is associated with the appearance of distinct T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 subsets. T cells from lymph nodes draining cutaneous lesions of resistant mice are primarily interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)-producing Th1 cells. In contrast, T cells from susceptible mice are principally Th2 cells that generate interleukin 4 (IL-4). Although existing evidence is supportive of a role for IFN-gamma in the generation of Th1 cells, additional factors may be required for a protective response to be maintained. A potential candidate is IL-12, a heterodimeric cytokine produced by monocytes and B cells that has multiple effects on T and natural killer cell function, including inducing IFN-gamma production. Using an experimental leishmanial model we have observed that daily intraperitoneal administration at the time of parasite challenge of either 0.33 micrograms IL-12 (a consecutive 5 d/wk for 5 wk) or 1.0 micrograms IL-12 per mouse (only a consecutive 5 d) caused a > 75% reduction in parasite burden at the site of infection, in highly susceptible BALB/c mice. Delay of treatment by 1 wk had less of a protective effect. Concomitant with these protective effects was an increase in IFN-gamma and a decrease in IL-4 production, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of supernatants generated from popliteal lymph node cells stimulated with leishmanial antigen in vitro. The reduction in parasite numbers induced by IL-12 therapy was still apparent at 10 wk postinfection. In addition, we observed that the administration of a rabbit anti-recombinant murine IL-12 polyclonal antibody (200 micrograms i.p. every other day for 25 d) at the time of infection to resistant C57Bl/6 mice exacerbated disease. These effects were accompanied by a shift in IFN-gamma production in vitro by antigen-stimulated lymph node cells indicative of a Th2-like response. These findings suggest that IL-12 has an important role in initiating a Th1 response and protective immunity.
The Low pH in Trans-Golgi Triggers Autocatalytic Cleavage of Pre-α-inhibitor Heavy Chain Precursor (2000)

Pre-alpha-inhibitor is a plasma protein whose physiological function is still unknown, but in vitro studies suggest that it might be involved in inflammatory reactions. Pre-alpha-inhibitor consists of a 25- and a 75-kDa polypeptide: bikunin and heavy chain 3 (H3), respectively. H3 is synthesized with a 30-kDa C-terminal extension, which is released in the Golgi complex through cleavage between an Asp and a Pro residue. We now provide evidence that this cleavage is triggered by the low pH in the late Golgi and occurs through an intramolecular process. First, incubation in vitro of the H3 precursor (proH3) at pH 6.0 or lower results in rapid cleavage of the protein. Second, the rate of the cleavage reaction does not depend on the concentration of proH3 and is not affected by the presence of various protease inhibitors. Third, raising the pH in organelles of cells producing proH3 abolishes cleavage during secretion. The amino acid residues near the cleavage site of proH3 differ from those of previously described self-cleaving proteins, indicating that the mechanisms of scission are different.
User Profiling for Web Page Filtering (2005)

To help address pressing problems with information overload, researchers have developed personal agents to provide assistance to users in navigating the Web. To provide suggestions, such agents rely on user profiles representing interests and preferences, which makes acquiring and modeling interest categories a critical component in their design. Existing profiling approaches have only partially tackled the characteristics that distinguish user profiling from related tasks. The authors' technique generates readable user profiles that accurately capture interests, starting from observations of user behavior on the Web.
Molecular phylogenetic analysis of a soil microbial community in a soybean field (1995)

Summary We report here the phylogenetic characterization of small subunit rRNA gene sequences obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of mixed population DNA extracted directly from soil in a soybean field without culturing the organisms. The phylogenetic analysis of 17 soil clones by the neighbour‐joining method shows that the soil sample contained broadly diverse prokaryotes; a clone related to archaea, a clone to gram‐positive bacteria with high G+C contents, two clones to green sulphur bacteria, four clones to proteobacteria, and nine clones were not in clusters of any previously reported bacterial groups, which suggests they belong to members of novel groups in Bacteria. In addition, the archaeal sequence, FIE16, is phylogenetically similar to ANTARCTIC 12, a clone obtained from surface waters of Antarctica by PCR. Their occurrence in both the ocean and soil suggests a global distribution of this archaeal group. In conclusion, rRNA gene sequences recovered from soil biomass document the occurrence of many more bacterial lingeages than have been recognized previously through cultivation‐based techniques.
Design of air circuit disinfection against COVID-19 in the conditions of airliners (2020)

The current full-range problem posed by the COVID-19 virus is being fought in every area, from health care, through economics, to technology. Designers in various fields are known for technological measures to reduce the restrictions resulting from measures against the spread of the virus. Aviation has suffered from the grounding of aircraft and the cessation of air traffic perhaps the most, so there is an effort to restart the operation of aircraft. The present article deals with the design of the implementation of air disinfection in the cockpit, to ensure the maximum possible safety during flight. During the research, the authors focused on the use of disinfection using ultraviolet radiation and its possibility of incorporation into the ventilation system of aircraft. The research results represent specific proposals and design of the installation for the aircraft Airbus A320 and represent specific proposals for general installation in aviation. Such a system could in the future increase the safety of flying due to the spread of viruses and bacteria in the cockpit of the aircraft and allow the resumption of air traffic.
A Stable Clock Error Model Using Coupled First and Second Order Gauss-Markov Processes (2008)

Long data outages may occur in applications of global navigation satellite system technology to orbit determination for missions that spend significant fractions of their orbits above the navigation satellite constellation(s). Current clock error models based on the random walk idealization may not be suitable in these circumstances, since the covariance of the clock errors may become large enough to overflow flight computer arithmetic. A model that is stable, but which approximates the existing models over short time horizons is desirable. A coupled first- and second-order Gauss-Markov process is such a model.
Recent Advances in Deflection Yoke Design (1999)

Abstract Advances in deflection yoke design in recent years are reviewed with emphasis on yokes for color monitors, yokes for CRTs with flat panels and some developmental works with promise. The future of yoke technology is speculated from both technical and business points of view.
Development of a High-Throughput Assay for Two Inositol-Specific Phospholipase Cs Using a Scintillation Proximity Format (2003)

Inositol-specific PLCs comprise a family of enzymes that utilize phosphoinositide substrates, e.g., PIP(2), to generate intracellular second messengers for the regulation of cellular responses. In the past, monitoring this reaction has been difficult due to the need for radiolabeled substrates, separation of the reaction products by organic-phase extraction, and finally radiometric measurements of the segregated products. In this report, we have studied the enzymatic characteristics of two novel PLCs that were derived from functional genomic analyses using a phospholipid-modified solid scintillating support. This method allows for the hydrophobic capture of the [(3)H]phosphoinositide substrate on a well defined scintillation surface and the homogenous measurement of the enzymatic hydrolysis of the substrate by proximity effects. Our results show that the assay format is robust and well suited for this class of lipid-metabolizing enzymes.
Data Efficient Voice Cloning from Noisy Samples with Domain Adversarial Training (2020)

Data efficient voice cloning aims at synthesizing target speaker's voice with only a few enrollment samples at hand. To this end, speaker adaptation and speaker encoding are two typical methods based on base model trained from multiple speakers. The former uses a small set of target speaker data to transfer the multi-speaker model to target speaker's voice through direct model update, while in the latter, only a few seconds of target speaker's audio directly goes through an extra speaker encoding model along with the multi-speaker model to synthesize target speaker's voice without model update. Nevertheless, the two methods need clean target speaker data. However, the samples provided by user may inevitably contain acoustic noise in real applications. It's still challenging to generating target voice with noisy data. In this paper, we study the data efficient voice cloning problem from noisy samples under the sequence-to-sequence based TTS paradigm. Specifically, we introduce domain adversarial training (DAT) to speaker adaptation and speaker encoding, which aims to disentangle noise from speech-noise mixture. Experiments show that for both speaker adaptation and encoding, the proposed approaches can consistently synthesize clean speech from noisy speaker samples, apparently outperforming the method adopting state-of-the-art speech enhancement module.
Dendritic cells: Multiple subtypes, multiple origins, multiple functions (2000)

The dendritic cells (DC) of the mouse are surprisingly heterogeneous by surface phenotype and may be segregated based on expression of CD4 and CD8. These DC subtypes appear to differ in developmental origin and display some differences in biological function, including regulation of the cytokine production of the T cells that they activate. This presentation reviews the attempts of one laboratory to understand this complex DC system.