gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blind estimation of reverberation time (2003)

The reverberation time (RT) is an important parameter for characterizing the quality of an auditory space. Sounds in reverberant environments are subject to coloration. This affects speech intelligibility and sound localization. Many state-of-the-art audio signal processing algorithms, for example in hearing-aids and telephony, are expected to have the ability to characterize the listening environment, and turn on an appropriate processing strategy accordingly. Thus, a method for characterization of room RT based on passively received microphone signals represents an important enabling technology. Current RT estimators, such as Schroeder's method, depend on a controlled sound source, and thus cannot produce an online, blind RT estimate. Here, a method for estimating RT without prior knowledge of sound sources or room geometry is presented. The diffusive tail of reverberation was modeled as an exponentially damped Gaussian white noise process. The time-constant of the decay, which provided a measure of the RT, was estimated using a maximum-likelihood procedure. The estimates were obtained continuously, and an order-statistics filter was used to extract the most likely RT from the accumulated estimates. The procedure was illustrated for connected speech. Results obtained for simulated and real room data are in good agreement with the real RT values.
The synthesis of indan-1-ones and isocoumarins (1981)

A flexible synthetic route leading via indan-1-ones to variously methylated and oxygenated isocoumarins is described. The indanones are prepared by alternative routes involving intramolecular Friedel–Crafts cyclisation of aryl-propionic acids or pericyclic ring closure of acrylophenones. The influence of substitution on the rate of the pericyclic reaction is assessed.
A Round-Robin Bloom Filter for stateful control over event streams (2013)

We propose a novel Bloom filter variant for time windowed systems, where elements of an event stream need to be differentiated according to the time slots they first arrived in. In our analysis we derive lower bounds on the false positive probability and the filter length. We show that our new Round-Robin Bloom Filter scheme significantly outperforms a comparable Decaying Bloom Filter setup.
Novel Isoxazole Derivatives with Potent FXR Agonistic Activity Prevent Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury (2018)

Acetaminophen misuse is a leading cause of acute liver failure and liver transplantation for which therapy is poorly effective. FXR ligands have shown effective in reducing liver injury in several experimental and clinical settings. In this Letter, we have elaborated on the structure of GW4064, the first nonsteroidal agonist for FXR, to identify novel isoxazoles endowed with FXR agonistic activity and improved ADME properties. The pharmacological characterization and molecular docking studies for the structure-activity rationalization allowed the identification of several FXR agonists with nanomolar potency in transactivation and SRC-1 recruitment assays. This characterization resulted in the identification of a potent FXR agonist, compound <b>20</b> that was orally active, and rescued mice from acute liver failure caused by acetaminophen overdose in a FXR-dependent manner.
Impact of Mutual Coupling and Antenna Efficiencies on Adaptive Switching Between MIMO Transmission Strategies (2007)

Previous research has shown that adaptive switching between multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission strategies like spatial multiplexing and beamforming increases link reliability and capacity gains, as compared to fixed transmission strategies. To get the full benefit of adaptive switching it is necessary to obtain accurate estimates of the SNR values when we switch between the transmission strategies. In this paper, it is shown that (relatively more) accurate switching point estimates can be obtained by taking into account real-life effects like mutual coupling and antenna efficiencies, for switching between statistical beamforming and spatial multiplexing. Using simulations, it is shown that accounting for these effects can make the switching point estimate more accurate by as much as 12 dB, compared to the case when the practical effects are not considered.
Use of a Fluorometric Microplate Assay to Assess the Activity of Prebiotics and Probiotics against Uropathogenic <i>E. coli</i> Adherence to Human Uroepithelial Cells (2015)

Urinary tract infections impact ~40-50% of women in the US. Probiotics have gained interest as an alternative treatment as they may compete with pathogens for adherence and colonization of mucosal surfaces. We used a fluorometric microplate assay to determine the ability of prebiotics and probiotics to inhibit E. coli adherence to human uroepithelial cells (UEC). Probiotic bacteria and p-fimbriated E. coli were labeled for 30 min with 400 μM BacLight Red or Green; E. coli adherence to UEC was measured after pre- (exclusion), co- (competition), and post-incubation (displacement) of probiotics with UEC. Probiotics inhibited E. coli adherence in a dose dependent manner. B. infantis reduced E. coli adherence up to 80, 77, and 27% for exclusion, competition, and displacement. In addition, L. plantarum reduced E. coli adherence up to 62, 70, and 41% and L. rhamnosus GR-1 inhibited E. coli adherence up to 45, 61, and 25% for exclusion, competition, and displacement, respectively. Incubation of probiotics with fructooligosaccharides, inulin, and pectin further reduced E. coli adherence; however, these prebiotics did not increase probiotic adherence to UEC. Probiotics inhibited the adherence of uropathogenic E. coli to human UEC; the addition of prebiotics further promoted this anti-E. coli adhesion activity, but did not increase probiotic adherence to UEC. Therefore, probiotics may produce metabolites that are inhibitory to urinary tract pathogens. Supported by the ARC, Washington State University.
PARADIGM: a buoy-based system for AUV navigation and tracking (2002)

A large variety of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are currently under development or in production. In order for an AUV to be useful, its self-navigation capabilities must support the mission requirements. Often, underwater acoustic navigation techniques must be utilized in order to meet the navigational accuracy requirements. In addition to vehicle self-navigation, most AUV operators also require a method of tracking the vehicle while it is underway, so that its progress may be monitored, and also so that it may be located easily upon surfacing, or in the event of a vehicle failure. The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) has developed a buoy-based system that simultaneously provides for both vehicle self-navigation and external tracking. This system has been used extensively by WHOI to support the REMUS AUV operations, and has also been used by the Naval Oceanographic Office to support sea-trials of the LAZARUS vehicle system. Long Baseline Acoustic Navigation is often the preferred subsea navigation method. It is generally accomplished by deploying two or more acoustic transponders, moored to the seafloor, near the desired area of operations. The vehicle then interrogates the transponders, determines its range to each, and finds its position using triangulation techniques. WHOI has developed a radio-controlled buoy, which can serve as a navigation transponder for the vehicle, and can also be commanded via the radio link to interrogate the AUV and report the measured travel time back to the operator. This paper describes the PARADIGM (Portable Acoustic RADio Geo-referenced Monitoring) system architecture, and presents data describing results achieved.
Ensuring correctness over untrusted private database (2008)

In this paper we address the problem of ensuring the correctness of query results returned by an untrusted private database. The database owns the data and may modify it at any time. The querier is allowed to execute queries over this database; however it may not learn anything more than the result of these legal queries. The querier does not necessarily trust the database and would like the owner to furnish proof that the data has not been modified in response to recent events such as the submission of the query. We develop two metrics that capture the correctness of query answers and propose a range of solutions that provide a trade-off between the degree of exposure of private data, and the overhead of generation and verification of the proof. Our proposed solutions are tested on real data through implementation using PostgreSQL.
Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization on Gold at Ambient Temperature (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSurface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization on Gold at Ambient TemperatureJong-Bum Kim, Merlin L. Bruening, and Gregory L. BakerView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Center for Sensor Materials Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 31, 7616–7617Publication Date (Web):July 25, 2000Publication History Received17 May 2000Published online25 July 2000Published inissue 1 August 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja001652qhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja001652qrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3597Altmetric-Citations239LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Gold,Organic compounds,Polymer brushes,Polymer chains,Radical polymerization Get e-Alerts
An explicit method of \(C^3\) interpolation using splines (1994)

Not available.
Tetrachloro‐substituted Perylene Bisimide Dyes as Promising n‐Type Organic Semiconductors: Studies on Structural, Electrochemical and Charge Transport Properties (2004)

Twisted π-systems: The highly twisted 1,6,7,12-tetrachloro-substituted perylene bisimides possess an improved electron affinity. The nonplanar nature of these molecules facilitates a slipped brickstone-type rather than a columnar stacking of the π-systems, with a potentially useful two dimensional contact feature. These compounds show isotropic charge carrier mobilities as high as up to 0.14 cm2 V−1 s−1 (see graphic).
Effects of antiparkinsonian agents on β-amyloid and α-synuclein oligomer formation in vitro (2013)

The aggregation of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and α-synuclein (αS) are hypothesized to be the key pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Lewy body diseases (LBD), with oligomeric assemblies thought to be the most neurotoxic. Inhibitors of oligomer formation, therefore, could be valuable therapeutics for patients with AD and LBD. Here, we examined the effects of antiparkinsonian agents (dopamine, levodopa, trihexyphenidyl, selegiline, zonisamide, bromocriptine, peroxide, ropinirole, pramipexole, and entacapone) on the in vitro oligomer formation of Aβ40, Aβ42, and αS using a method of photo-induced cross-linking of unmodified proteins (PICUP), electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The antiparkinsonian agents except for trihexyphenidyl inhibited both Aβ and αS oligomer formations, and, among them, dopamine, levodopa, pramipexole, and entacapone had the stronger in vitro activity. Circular dichroism and thioflavin T(S) assays showed that secondary structures of Aβ and αS assemblies inhibited by antiparkinsonian agents were statistical coil state and that their seeding activities had disappeared. The antiparkinsonian agents could be potential therapeutic agents to prevent or delay AD and LBD progression.
In vitro activities of amifloxacin and two of its metabolites (1989)

Amifloxacin and two of its metabolites, N-desmethyl amifloxacin and amifloxacin N-oxide, were evaluated by a microdilution MIC susceptibility test against 500 clinical isolates and compared with ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, aztreonam, and imipenem. Of the Staphylococcus species isolates, 208 were methicillin resistant; the MICs for 78 of the isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae were greater than or equal to 64 micrograms of cefazolin, ampicillin, piperacillin, and mezlocillin per ml. Based on our results, amifloxacin had activity equivalent to those of norfloxacin and lomefloxacin but was less active than ciprofloxacin. The N-oxide metabolite was the least active; however, for the majority of gram-negative bacteria, N-desmethyl amifloxacin was as active as amifloxacin.
A Review of Double-Walled and Triple-Walled Carbon Nanotube Synthesis and Applications (2016)

Double- and triple-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs and TWNTs) consist of coaxially-nested two and three single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). They act as the geometrical bridge between SWNTs and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), providing an ideal model for studying the coupling interactions between different shells in MWNTs. Within this context, this article comprehensively reviews various synthetic routes of DWNTs’ and TWNTs’ production, such as arc discharge, catalytic chemical vapor deposition and thermal annealing of pea pods (i.e., SWNTs encapsulating fullerenes). Their structural features, as well as promising applications and future perspectives are also discussed.
Structure versus Function in Glaucoma: An Application of a Linear Model (2007)

A linear model that relates RNFL thickness to losses in SAP sensitivity describes the results for arcuate regions of glaucomatous visual fields. The linear model provides a framework for assessing the relative efficacy of structural and functional tests throughout the course of the disease.
High-T/sub c/-superconductor-sapphire microwave resonator with extremely high Q-values up to 90 K (1992)

A theoretical analysis was performed for an extremely high-Q resonator formed by a sapphire rod sandwiched by a pair of high-T/sub c/ superconductor (HTS) films. A number of these HTS-sapphire-HTS resonators at C-band and Ka-band were designed, fabricated, and tested. At 5.552 GHz, Q/sub 0/ reached 2*10/sup 6/ at 90 K, 3*10/sup 6/ at 80 K and 1.4*10/sup 7/ at 4.2 K with circulating power up to 500 kW. Formulas for calculating the resonant frequency and Q-value derived from the theoretical analysis were verified by experimental data with good agreement. Three different thin-film HTS materials-Tl/sub 2/Ba/sub 2/CaCu/sub 2/O/sub 8/, YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7- delta / and Tl/sub 0.5/Pb/sub 0.5/Sr/sub 2/CaCu/sub 2/O/sub 7/-were tested. The sensitivity of the high Q-value and the parasitic coupling to the case modes are discussed. Applications such as frequency stabilized oscillators, filters, and HTS film characterization are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Networks and their architectures (1991)

Computer and data networks are the mechanism by which information systems are interconnected. The underlying techology and the principles of design for the architectures of such networks are still limited but the demands placed upon them are of continually increasing sophistication. The paper reviews the ways in which a classification of networks can be determined, thereby providing a perspective for the designers of modern communication networks. It is the classification of networks (based upon wide-area networks, metropolitanarea networks and local-area networks) which causes great confusion and so the paper sets out to explain how the ‘spirit’ of classification should be used and not necessarily the ‘law’ in order to appreciate the characteristics of the various types of network.
Efficacy of Some Insecticides as Foliar Sprays Against Soybean Stemfly, Melanagromyza Phaseoli (Tryon) (1987)

The efficacy of seven insecticides viz. phosphamidon, endosulfan, quinalphos, dimethoate, methyl demeton, monocrotophos and carbaryl plus molasses was evaluated in field trials at Sagar (M.P.) during 1983 and 1984 against the stemfly. Melanagromyza phaseoli (Tryon) on soybean. On the basis of per cent plant infestation, stem length tunnelled and the yield of infested plants, monocrotophos (0.04%) followed by methyl demeton (0.05%) and dimethoate (0.03%) were found to be effective. Endosulfan (0.07%) and carbaryl plus molasses (0.05%) proved least effective.
Mitochondrial stress and the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy (2010)

Diabetic neuropathy is a major complication of diabetes that affects the sensory and autonomic nervous systems and leads to significant morbidity and impact on quality of life of patients. Mitochondrial stress has been proposed as a major mediator of neurodegeneration in diabetes. This review briefly summarizes the nature of sensory and autonomic nerve dysfunction and presents these findings in the context of diabetes-induced nerve degeneration mediated by alterations in mitochondrial ultrastructure, physiology and trafficking. Diabetes-induced dysfunction in calcium homeostasis is discussed at length and causative associations with sub-optimal mitochondrial physiology are developed. It is clear that across a range of complications of diabetes that mitochondrial physiology is impaired, in general a reduction in electron transport chain capability is apparent. This abnormal activity may predispose mitochondria to generate elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), although experimental proof remains lacking, but more importantly will deleteriously alter the bioenergetic status of neurons. It is proposed that the next five years of research should focus on identifying changes in mitochondrial phenotype and associated cellular impact, identifying sources of ROS in neurons and analyzing mitochondrial trafficking under diabetic conditions.
Direct PCR of whole blood and hair shafts by microwave treatment. (1994)

We report a simple and rapid method for DNA preparation suitable for PCR by microwave irradiation. When mouse whole blood and hair shafts were directly irradiated and subjected to PCR, a unique gene such as the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene was reproducibly amplified. This method was useful for screening a transgene sequence in transgenic mice.
Dynamics of orientation tuning in cat V1 neurons depend on location within layers and orientation maps (2007)

Analysis of the timecourse of the orientation tuning of responses in primary visual cortex (V1) can provide insight into the circuitry underlying tuning. Several studies have examined the temporal evolution of orientation selectivity in V1 neurons, but there is no consensus regarding the stability of orientation tuning properties over the timecourse of the response. We have used reverse-correlation analysis of the responses to dynamic grating stimuli to re-examine this issue in cat V1 neurons. We find that the preferred orientation and tuning curve shape are stable in the majority of neurons; however, more than forty percent of cells show a significant change in either preferred orientation or tuning width between early and late portions of the response. To examine the influence of the local cortical circuit connectivity, we analyzed the timecourse of responses as a function of receptive field type, laminar position, and orientation map position. Simple cells are more selective, and reach peak selectivity earlier, than complex cells. There are pronounced laminar differences in the timing of responses: middle layer cells respond faster, deep layer cells have prolonged response decay, and superficial cells are intermediate in timing. The average timing of neurons near and far from pinwheel centers is similar, but there is more variability in the timecourse of responses near pinwheel centers. This result was reproduced in an established network model of V1 operating in a regime of balanced excitatory and inhibitory recurrent connections, confirming previous results. Thus, response dynamics of cortical neurons reflect circuitry based on both vertical and horizontal location within cortical networks.
High Speed Optical Stopped-Flow Apparatus (1968)

A stopped flow apparatus for the study of fast reactions in solution is described. The measured dead time was 270 μsec with an uncertainty in the measurement of 50 μsec. At 410 mμ and an optical density of about 0.09 a change of 0.0044 optical density units could be observed at a flow velocity of 30 m/sec through a 3.0 mm observation tube. Ten milliliters of each of the two reagents are required to fill the system, and less than 1.0 ml of each needs to be expended per experiment.
Synthesis of Sterically Hindered Ortho-Substituted Tetraphenylethenes. Electronic Effects in the McMurry Olefination Reaction (2006)

[reaction: see text] Contrary to literature consensus, the McMurry olefination reaction can be extended to the direct synthesis of sterically encumbered tetrakis(2-substituted) tetraphenylethenes from the corresponding 2,2'-disubstituted benzophenones. The reaction exploits previously unrecognized substrate-based electronic effects that dominate over otherwise controlling steric considerations and provides highly efficient access to derivatives of tetrakis(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethene, a novel preorganized ligand system for polymetallic coordination chemistry and catalysis.
Primary treatment of the prostate improves local palliation in men who ultimately develop castrate‐resistant prostate cancer (2013)

The present retrospective analysis supports the hypothesis that primary local prostatic treatment gives palliative benefit to men who later develop CRPC. RRP was associated with the lowest local complication rate experienced at the stage of metastatic disease.