gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Giant Negative Thermal Expansion in Bonded MnCoGe-Based Compounds with Ni<sub>2</sub>In-Type Hexagonal Structure (2015)

MnCoGe-based compounds undergo a giant negative thermal expansion (NTE) during the martensitic structural transition from Ni2In-type hexagonal to TiNiSi-type orthorhombic structure. High-resolution neutron diffraction experiments revealed that the expansion of unit cell volume can be as large as ΔV/V ∼ 3.9%. The optimized compositions with concurrent magnetic and structural transitions have been studied for magnetocaloric effect. However, these materials have not been considered as NTE materials partially due to the limited temperature window of phase transition. The as-prepared MnCoGe-based compounds are quite brittle and naturally collapse into powders. By using a few percents (3-4%) of epoxy to bond the powders, we introduced residual stress in the bonded samples and thus realized the broadening of structural transition by utilizing the specific characteristics of lattice softening enforced by the stress. As a result, giant NTE (not only the linear NTE coefficient α but also the operation-temperature window) has been achieved. For example, the average α̅ as much as -51.5 × 10(-6)/K with an operating temperature window as wide as 210 K from 122 to 332 K has been observed in a bonded MnCo0.98Cr0.02Ge compound. Moreover, in the region between 250 and 305 K near room temperature, the α value (-119 × 10(-6)/K) remains nearly independent of temperature. Such an excellent performance exceeds that of most other materials reported previously, suggesting it can potentially be used as a NTE material, particularly for compensating the materials with large positive thermal expansions.
Templated syntheses of cyclic acetylacetone hosts, their affinities for divalent ions, and an example of a slow proton transfer from enol to hydroxide ion (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTemplated syntheses of cyclic acetylacetone hosts, their affinities for divalent ions, and an example of a slow proton transfer from enol to hydroxide ionAlbert H. Alberts and Donald J. CramCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 11, 3880–3882Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00453a079https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00453a079research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views100Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Immunopharmacological studies on picrorhiza kurroa Royle-Ex-Benth. Part V: Anti-inflammatory action: relation with cell types involved in inflammation. (1988)

Relative importance of various cells involved in inflammation and in anti-inflammatory action of P. kurroa extract (PK) was investigated in albino rats. Effects of chemical depletion of macrophages and polymorphs and a functional deprivement of mast cells and platelets were examined on carrageenin induced pedal inflammation as well as on anti-inflammatory effect of PK treatment in this test. Such depletions/functional deprivements altered the inflammatory response in conformity with the known role of these cells. The anti-inflammatory effect of PK treatment was counteracted at 1 hr, 3 hr and 5 hr post-insult intervals by mast cell, neutrophil and macrophage depletion respectively. Manipulation of platelets was without effect.
Design and evaluation of a testbed for mobile TV networks (2012)

This article presents the design of a complete, open-source, testbed for broadcast networks that offer mobile TV services. Although basic architectures and protocols have been developed for such networks, detailed performance tuning and analysis are still needed, especially when these networks scale to serve many diverse TV channels to numerous subscribers. The detailed performance analysis could also motivate designing new protocols and algorithms for enhancing future mobile TV networks. Currently, many researchers evaluate the performance of mobile TV networks using simulation and/or theoretical modeling methods. These methods, while useful for early assessment, typically abstract away many necessary details of actual, fairly complex, networks. Therefore, an open-source platform for evaluating new ideas in a real mobile TV network is needed. This platform is currently not possible with commercial products, because they are sold as black boxes without the source code. In this article, we summarize our experiences in designing and implementing a testbed for mobile TV networks. We integrate off-the-shelf hardware components with carefully designed software modules to realize a scalable testbed that covers almost all aspects of real networks. We use our testbed to empirically analyze various performance aspects of mobile TV networks and validate/refute several claims made in the literature as well as discover/quantify multiple important performance tradeoffs.
Solid Phase Synthesis of Small Molecule Libraries (1998)

The solid phase synthesis of small molecule libraries was reviewed in this paper, which included heterocycle libraries and nonheterocycle libraries.
Bcl-2 antisense therapy in multiple myeloma. (1999)

Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell tumor localised in the bone marrow. During chemotherapy drug resistance develops in almost all patients. We have indications that the anti-apoptopic protein Bcl-2 is a key element in multi drug resistance in myeloma. Reduction of Bcl-2 renders the tumor cell susceptible to drug induced apoptosis. This suggests that therapies directed at lowering Bcl-2 levels in myeloma cells in vivo, like Bcl-2 antisense treatment, might chemosensitize the tumor cells and therefore might be applicable for therapeutic use.
Diastereoisomers of formaldehyde derivatives of tetrahydrofolic acid and tetrahydroaminopterin (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiastereoisomers of formaldehyde derivatives of tetrahydrofolic acid and tetrahydroaminopterinSusan B. Horwitz, Gregory Kwok, Leslie Wilson, and Roy L. KisliukCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1969, 12, 1, 49–51Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00301a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00301a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views51Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Research on quaternion-quintic spherical B&#x00E9;zier spline interpolation algorithm for 5-axis machining (2009)

5-axis machines are important in a number of industries ranging from aerospace to consumer-mold machining. The conventional interpolation algorithms for 5-axis CNC machining are focused on studying techniques to design position, orientation, and feedrate curves in such a way using isoparametric correspondence as to avoid excessive angular velocities. However, it is difficult to guarantee such correspondence. To help alleviate such difficulties, a research on interpolation algorithm for 5-axis tool paths generated using quaternion-quintic spherical Bezier spline for tool positioning and orientation was presented in this paper. The proposed algorithm was verified by Matlab platform. The analysis of results was also provided in this paper.
Divergent anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity and anabolic phosphorylation of 2‘,3‘-dideoxynucleoside analogs in resting and activated human cells. (1994)

The mechanism of divergent anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity of various 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside analogs (ddNs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) was studied. We demonstrate that the in vitro anti-HIV-1 activity of various ddNs varies profoundly and that the divergent antiviral activity is related to the extent of anabolic phosphorylation of each ddN and its counterpart 2'-deoxynucleoside (dN). We also show that certain ddNs cause a reduction of their counterpart dNTP formation in PBM in the following order: 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC) >> 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (d4T), 3'-thia-2',3'-dideoxycytidine (3TC), 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI), 2',3'-dideoxyguanosine (ddG) > 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT) > 2'-beta-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine (F-ara-ddA). Based on the phosphorylation profiles, anti-HIV-1 ddNs can be classified into two groups: (i) cell-activation-dependent ddNs such as AZT and d4T that are preferentially phosphorylated, yield higher ratios of ddNTP/dNTP, and exert more potent anti-HIV-1 activity in activated cells than in resting cells; and (ii) cell-activation-independent ddNs including ddI (and 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine), F-ara-ddA, ddG, ddC, and 3TC that produce higher ratios of ddNTP/dNTP and exert more potent anti-HIV-1 activity in resting cells. These data should provide a basis for the elucidation of the mechanism of the divergent antiretroviral activity of ddNs.
Low-insertion-loss, tunable wavelength multiplexer on lithium niobate (1987)

Integrated-optical dual-channel multi/demultiplexers with a wavelength periodic transmission characteristic are fabricated on X-cut LiNbO3. The devices are designed for the wavelength range λ = 1300-1600nm. Channel separations as low as 30nm, far-end crosstalk attenuation up to 40dB and an insertion loss of fibre-coupled devices below 3dB are achieved. The transmission characteristic can be tuned electro-optically at a rate of 2.5 nm/V.
Novel Polyphenol Oxidase Mined from a Metagenome Expression Library of Bovine Rumen (2006)

RL5, a gene coding for a novel polyphenol oxidase, was identified through activity screening of a metagenome expression library from bovine rumen microflora. Characterization of the recombinant protein produced in Escherichia coli revealed a multipotent capacity to oxidize a wide range of substrates (syringaldazine > 2,6-dimethoxyphenol > veratryl alcohol > guaiacol > tetramethylbenzidine > 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol > 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) >> phenol red) over an unusually broad range of pH from 3.5 to 9.0. Apparent Km and kcat values for ABTS, syringaldazine, and 2,6-dimetoxyphenol obtained from steady-state kinetic measurements performed at 40 °C, pH 4.5, yielded values of 26, 0.43, and 0.45 μm and 18, 660, and 1175 s-1, respectively. The Km values for syringaldazine and 2,6-dimetoxyphenol are up to 5 times lower, and the kcat values up to 40 times higher, than values previously reported for this class of enzyme. RL5 is a 4-copper oxidase with oxidation potential values of 745, 400, and 500 mV versus normal hydrogen electrode for the T1, T2, and T3 copper sites. A three-dimensional model of RL5 and site-directed mutants were generated to identify the copper ligands. Bioinformatic analysis of the gene sequence and the sequences and contexts of neighboring genes suggested a tentative phylogenetic assignment to the genus Bacteroides. Kinetic, electrochemical, and EPR analyses provide unequivocal evidence that the hypothetical proteins from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and from E. coli, which are closely related to the deduced protein encoded by the RL5 gene, are also multicopper proteins with polyphenol oxidase activity. The present study shows that these three newly characterized enzymes form a new family of functional multicopper oxidases with laccase activity related to conserved hypothetical proteins harboring the domain of unknown function DUF152 and suggests that some other of these proteins may also be laccases.
Adsorptive properties of polymer carbons. Part 1.—Comparative data (1960)

J. J. Kipling and R. B. Wilson, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1960, 56, 557 DOI: 10.1039/TF9605600557
Water Oxidation Catalysis: Electrocatalytic Response to Metal Stoichiometry in Amorphous Metal Oxide Films Containing Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel (2013)

Photochemical metal-organic deposition (PMOD) was used to prepare amorphous metal oxide films containing specific concentrations of iron, cobalt, and nickel to study how metal composition affects heterogeneous electrocatalytic water oxidation. Characterization of the films by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed excellent stoichiometric control of each of the 21 complex metal oxide films investigated. In studying the electrochemical oxidation of water catalyzed by the respective films, it was found that small concentrations of iron produced a significant improvement in Tafel slopes and that cobalt or nickel were critical in lowering the voltage at which catalysis commences. The best catalytic parameters of the series were obtained for the film of composition a-Fe20Ni80. An extrapolation of the electrochemical and XPS data indicates the optimal behavior of this binary film to be a manifestation of iron stabilizing nickel in a higher oxidation level. This work represents the first mechanistic study of amorphous phases of binary and ternary metal oxides for use as water oxidation catalysts, and provides the foundation for the broad exploration of other mixed-metal oxide combinations.
99mTc-E-selectin binding peptide for imaging acute osteomyelitis in a novel rat model (2001)

(99m)Tc-IMP-178 allows imaging of an acute osteomyelitic lesions, presumably by interaction of (99m)Tc-IMP-178 with activated upregulated vascular endothelium.
Single‐Shot GRASE Imaging without Fast Gradients (1992)

Based on the CPMG sequence, gradient- and spin-echo (GRASE) echo train length is limited by T2 decay rather than the T2* decay and phase error in echo-planar techniques, permitting a longer image acquisition period. An ultrafast GRASE sequence, utilizing a single excitation, generates a 128 x 56 true T2-weighted image in 200 ms on an unmodified commercial scanner without fast gradient switching, extreme field homogeneity, or fat signal suppression.
Parity space based FDI-scheme for vehicle lateral dynamics (2005)

In this paper, a model-based FDI-scheme for the detection and isolation of sensor faults in the vehicle lateral dynamics control system ESP is presented. The main objective is to handle the model uncertainties and to isolate faults. In order to reduce false alarm rate on the one hand and to ensure fault detectability on the other hand, a parity space based solution is presented. To achieve a numerical stable online realization on an electronic control unit (ECU), the FDI system is realized in an observer structure. The FDI-scheme has been tested using real driving data
Fuzzy filtering for mixed noise removal during image processing (1994)

Presents a new nonlinear fuzzy filter for image processing in a mixed noise environment, where both additive Gaussian noise and nonadditive impulsive noise may be present. Averaging filters can effectively remove the Gaussian noise and order statistics filters or median filters can effectively remove the impulsive noise. However, it is difficult to combine these filters to remove mixed noise in an image processing environment without blurring the image details or edges. Trying to distinguish between noise and edge information in the image is an inherently ambiguous problem and naturally leads to the development of a fuzzy filter. We use local statistics to train the membership function of a fuzzy filter for image processing to remove both Gaussian noise and impulsive noise while preserving edges. We show that such a fuzzy filter gives superior results when compared to averaging filters, median filters, and other fuzzy filters. We also demonstrate the robustness of this filtering technique.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Automatic Control System of a Microfluidic Blood Sampler for Quantitative microPET Studies in Small Laboratory Animals (2006)

Quantitative microPET imaging provides the capability of performing biochemical and physiological investigations. The collection of multiple blood samples over time is necessary for quantitative analysis. The procedure is challenging because the amount of blood volume is small in rats and mice. To overcome this issue, an automatic blood sampling system was developed using a novel microfluidic chip design to take serial blood samples (<0.25 muL per sample; 18 blood samples in current design) at precise times from rats and mice. In this work, we utilize a National Instruments DAQPad 6507 digital output computer interface to control the sampling on the chip via mini-pneumatic valves. The system provides a user-friendly GUI programmed by LabVIEW to setup the sampling information, which includes mouse ID, tracer selection and sampling volume and time sequences. It can be easily reconfigured to utilize new microfluidic chip designs as well as changes in the sampling protocol. Real-time sampling status and the output of sampling information is continually displayed. Our initial implementation of this design can automatically collect ~0.185 muL blood samples within less than 2 second intervals from a small rodent.
IMDGuard: Securing implantable medical devices with the external wearable guardian (2011)

Abstract—Recent studies have revealed security vulnerabilities in implantable medical devices (IMDs). Security design for IMDs is complicated by the requirement that IMDs remain operable in an emergency when appropriate security credentials may be unavailable. In this paper, we introduce IMDGuard, a compre-hensive security scheme for heart-related IMDs to fulfill this requirement. IMDGuard incorporates two techniques tailored to provide desirable protections for IMDs. One is an ECG based key establishment without prior shared secrets, and the other is an access control mechanism resilient to adversary spoofing attacks. The security and performance of IMDGuard are evaluated on our prototype implementation. I.
The Confluence of Gangis and Eos Chasmas (5-12 deg S, 31-41 deg W): Geologic, Hydrologic, and Exobiologic Considerations for Landing Site at the East End of Valles Marineris (1999)

Over its 3,500 km length, Valles Marineris exhibits an enormous range of geologic and environmental diversity. At its western end, the canyon is dominated by the tectonic complex of Noctis Labyrinthus; while in the east it grades into an extensive region of chaos where scoured channels and streamlined islands provide evidence of catastrophic floods that spilled into the northern plains. In the central portion of the system, debris derived from the massive interior layered deposits of Candor and Ophir Chasmas spills into the central trough. In other areas, 6 km-deep exposures of Hesperian and Noachian-age canyon wall stratigraphy have collapsed in massive landslides that extend many tens of kilometers across the canyon floor. Ejecta from interior craters, aeolian sediments, and possible volcanics emanating from structurally controlled vents along the base of the scarps, further contribute to the canyon's geologic complexity. Following the initial rifting that gave birth to Valles Marineris, water appears to have been a principal agent in the canyon's geomorphic development an agent whose significance is given added weight by its potential role in both sustaining and preserving evidence of past life. In this regard, the interior layered deposits of Candor, Ophir, and Hebes Chasmas, have been identified as possible lucustrine sediments that may have been laid down in long-standing ice-covered lakes. The potential survival and growth of native organisms in such an environment, or in the aquifers whose disruption gave birth to the chaotic terrain and outflow channels to the north and east of the canyon, raises the possibility that fossil indicators of life may be present in the local sediment and rock. Because of the enormous distances over which these diverse environments occur, identifying a single landing site that maximizes the opportunity for scientific return is not a simple task. However, given the fluvial history and narrow geometry of the canyon, the presence of a single exit at its eastern end provides an opportunity for sampling that appears unequaled elsewhere in the system.