gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of General Esterases from Methyl Parathion-Resistant and -Susceptible Populations of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (2003)

Journal Article Characterization of General Esterases from Methyl Parathion-Resistant and -Susceptible Populations of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Get access Xuguo Zhou, Xuguo Zhou Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael E. Scharf, Michael E. Scharf 1 Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583 1Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1158. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lance J. Meinke, Lance J. Meinke Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Laurence D. Chandler, Laurence D. Chandler 2 Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583 2Red River Valley Experiment Station, USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND 58105. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Blair D. Siegfried Blair D. Siegfried 3 Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583 3E-mail: bsiegfried1@unl.edu. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 96, Issue 6, 1 December 2003, Pages 1855–1863, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/96.6.1855 Published: 01 December 2003
The Interference between Beams from the Opposite Ends of a Ruby Optical Maser (1962)

A pulsed ruby optical maser has been constructed which allows the beams from opposite ends to be superimposed. Interference fringes have been observed which can be interpreted to show that the coherence predicted by theory is, in fact, obtained, and also that the relative spatial distribution of the light over the ruby face is essentially constant even though the light is emitted in short bursts.
A novel priority queue scheme for handoff procedure (2002)

Priority queues and their applications in handoff procedure are discussed in detail. A new priority scheme called "lowest power first serve is introduced. A idle channel is assigned for a handoff attempt whose received power from current base station is closest to the receiver threshold in the scheme. The results of computer simulations show that the probability of forced to termination in the proposed priority scheme decreases compared with some priority schemes used currently while similar probability of blocking origination calls is kept.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Association of an extracellular protein (chondrocalcin) with the calcification of cartilage in endochondral bone formation. (1984)

We examined bovine fetal epiphyseal and growth plate cartilages by immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy using monospecific antibodies to a newly discovered cartilage-matrix calcium-binding protein that we now call chondrocalcin. Chondrocalcin was evenly distributed at relatively low concentration in resting fetal epiphyseal cartilage. In growth plate cartilage, it was absent from the extracellular matrix in the zone of proliferating chondrocytes but was present in intracellular vacuoles in proliferating, maturing and upper hypertrophic chondrocytes. The protein then disappeared from the lower hypertrophic chondrocytes and appeared in the adjoining extracellular matrix, where it was selectively concentrated in the longitudinal septa in precisely the same location where amorphous mineral was deposited in large amounts as demonstrated by von Kossa staining and electron microscopy. Mineral then spread out from these "nucleation sites" to occupy much of the surrounding matrix. Matrix vesicles were identified in this calcifying matrix but they bore no observable morphological relationship to these major sites of calcification where chondrocalcin was concentrated. Since chondrocalcin is a calcium-binding protein and has a strong affinity for hydroxyapatite, these observations suggest that chondrocalcin may play a fundamental role in the creation of nucleation sites for the calcification of cartilage matrix in endochondral bone formation.
A Large Self-Annotated Corpus for Sarcasm (2017)

We introduce the Self-Annotated Reddit Corpus (SARC), a large corpus for sarcasm research and for training and evaluating systems for sarcasm detection. The corpus has 1.3 million sarcastic statements -- 10 times more than any previous dataset -- and many times more instances of non-sarcastic statements, allowing for learning in both balanced and unbalanced label regimes. Each statement is furthermore self-annotated -- sarcasm is labeled by the author, not an independent annotator -- and provided with user, topic, and conversation context. We evaluate the corpus for accuracy, construct benchmarks for sarcasm detection, and evaluate baseline methods.
Water flux through blends from waste materials: Cellulose acetate (from sugar cane bagasse) with polystyrene (from plastic cups) (2005)

Abstract In the present work we blended cellulose acetate (taken from sugar cane bagasse) (CA) with polystyrene (taken from postconsumer plastic cups) (PS). The blends were produced in the following ratios (w/w) of the polymers: CA 50%/PS 50%, CA 90%/PS 10%, and CA 10%/PS 90%, using dichloromethane as solvent. The blends were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction. The results show that the presence of polystyrene hinders the organization of regions responsible for the crystallinity originally existing in pure cellulose acetate. We also made measurements of water flux through blends, using the Payne cup technique. The flux properties were compared with those obtained for commercial membranes by Osmonix: nanofiltration (SG) and reverse osmosis (CG). The results show that the blend CA 90%/PS 10% presents water vapor flux comparable with that of commercial membranes for nanofiltration (SG). © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 516–522, 2005
Learning from Labeled and Unlabeled Data using Graph Mincuts (2018)

Many application domains suffer from not having enough labeled training data for learning. However, large amounts of unlabeled examples can often be gathered cheaply. As a result, there has been a great deal of work in recent years on how unlabeled data can be used to aid classification. We consider an algorithm based on finding minimum cuts in graphs, that uses pairwise relationships among the examples in order to learn from both labeled and unlabeled data.
Guidelines for the treatment of autoimmune neuromuscular transmission disorders (2006)

Important progress has been made in our understanding of the cellular and molecular processes underlying the autoimmune neuromuscular transmission (NMT) disorders; myasthenia gravis (MG), Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) and neuromyotonia (peripheral nerve hyperexcitability; Isaacs syndrome). To prepare consensus guidelines for the treatment of the autoimmune NMT disorders. References retrieved from MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were considered and statements prepared and agreed on by disease experts and a patient representative. The proposed practical treatment guidelines are agreed upon by the Task Force: (i) Anticholinesterase drugs should be the first drug to be given in the management of MG (good practice point). (ii) Plasma exchange is recommended as a short-term treatment in MG, especially in severe cases to induce remission and in preparation for surgery (level B recommendation). (iii) Intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg) and plasma exchange are equally effective for the treatment of MG exacerbations (level A Recommendation). (iv) For patients with non-thymomatous autoimmune MG, thymectomy (TE) is recommended as an option to increase the probability of remission or improvement (level B recommendation). (v) Once thymoma is diagnosed TE is indicated irrespective of the severity of MG (level A recommendation). (vi) Oral corticosteroids is a first choice drug when immunosuppressive drugs are necessary in MG (good practice point). (vii) In patients where long-term immunosuppression is necessary, azathioprine is recommended together with steroids to allow tapering the steroids to the lowest possible dose whilst maintaining azathioprine (level A recommendation). (viii) 3,4-diaminopyridine is recommended as symptomatic treatment and IvIg has a positive short-term effect in LEMS (good practice point). (ix) All neuromyotonia patients should be treated symptomatically with an anti-epileptic drug that reduces peripheral nerve hyperexcitability (good practice point). (x) Definitive management of paraneoplastic neuromyotonia and LEMS is treatment of the underlying tumour (good practice point). (xi) For immunosuppressive treatment of LEMS and NMT it is reasonable to adopt treatment procedures by analogy with MG (good practice point).
Determining the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mi>P</mml:mi></mml:math>Properties of the Higgs Boson (2008)

The search and the probe of the fundamental properties of Higgs boson(s) and, in particular, the determination of their charge conjugation and parity (CP) quantum numbers, are the main tasks of future high-energy colliders. We demonstrate that the CP properties of a standard model-like Higgs particle can be unambiguously assessed by measuring just the total cross section and the top polarization in associated Higgs boson production with top quark pairs in e(+)e(-) collisions.
Deletion of the Anaerobic Regulator HlyX Causes Reduced Colonization and Persistence of<i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i>in the Porcine Respiratory Tract (2005)

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the etiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, is able to persist on respiratory epithelia, in tonsils, and in the anaerobic environment of encapsulated lung sequesters. We have demonstrated previously that putative HlyX-regulated genes, coding for dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) reductase and aspartate ammonia lyase, are upregulated during infection and that deletions in these genes result in attenuation of the organism. The study presented here investigates the role of HlyX, the fumarate nitrate reductase regulator (FNR) homologue of A. pleuropneumoniae. By constructing an isogenic A. pleuropneumoniae hlyX mutant, the HlyX protein is shown to be responsible for upregulated expression of both DMSO reductase and aspartate ammonia lyase (AspA) under anaerobic conditions. In a challenge experiment the A. pleuropneumoniae hlyX mutant is shown to be highly attenuated, unable to persist in healthy lung epithelium and tonsils, and impaired in survival inside sequestered lung tissue. Further, using an A. pleuropneumoniae strain carrying the luxAB genes as transcriptional fusion to aspA on the chromosome, the airway antioxidant glutathione was identified as one factor potentially responsible for inducing HlyX-dependent gene expression of A. pleuropneumoniae in epithelial lining fluid.
Denaturation of Either <i>Manduca sexta</i> Aminopeptidase N or <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> Cry1A Toxins Exposes Binding Epitopes Hidden under Nondenaturing Conditions (2002)

The effect of polypeptide denaturation of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A toxins or purified Manduca sexta 120-kDa aminopeptidase N on the specificities of their interactions was investigated. Ligand and dot blotting experiments were conducted with (125)I-labeled Cry1Ac, Cry1Ac mutant (509)QNR-AAA(511) (QNR-AAA), or 120-kDa aminopeptidase N as the probe. Mutant QNR-AAA does not bind the N-acetylgalactosamine moiety on the 120-kDa aminopeptidase. Both (125)I-Cry1Ac and (125)I-QNR-AAA bound to 210- and 120-kDa proteins from M. sexta brush border membrane vesicles and purified 120-kDa aminopeptidase N on ligand blots. However, on dot blots (125)I-QNR-AAA bound brush border vesicles but did not bind purified aminopeptidase except when aminopeptidase was denatured. In the reciprocal experiment, (125)I-aminopeptidase bound Cry1Ac but did not bind QNR-AAA. (125)I-aminopeptidase bound Cry1Ab to a limited extent but not the Cry1Ab domain I mutant Y153D or Cry1Ca. However, denatured (125)I-aminopeptidase detected each Cry1A toxin and mutant but not Cry1Ca on dot blots. The same pattern of recognition occurred with native (nondenatured) (125)I-aminopeptidase probe and denatured toxins as the targets. The broader pattern of toxin-binding protein interaction is probably due to peptide sequences being exposed upon denaturation. Putative Cry toxin-binding proteins identified by the ligand blot technique need to be investigated under native conditions early in the process of identifying binding proteins that may serve as functional toxin receptors.
A Counter-based Read Circuit Tolerant to Process Variation for 0.4-V Operating STT-MRAM (2016)

In this paper, in order to realize 0.4V operation of STT-MRAM, we propose the counter base read circuit. The proposed read circuit has tolerance for process variation and temperature fluctuation by changing dynamically the load curve in a time-axis at the read operation. We confirmed that the proposed read circuit can operate at the conditions of five process corners (TT, FF, FS, SF, and SS) and three temperatures (-20°C, 25°C, and 100°C) by HSPICE simulations. At the condition of TT corner and 25°C, read time of the proposed circuit is 271ns, and energy consumption is 1.05pJ at “1” read operation and 1.23pJ at “0” read operation.
When the pond turtle followed the reindeer: effect of the last extreme global warming event on the timing of faunal change in Northern Europe (2010)

Faunal communities have been shaped in different ways by past climatic change. The impact of the termination of the last Glacial and the onset of the present (Holocene) Interglacial on large-scale faunal shifts, extinction dynamics and gene pools of species are of special interest in natural sciences. A general pattern of climate-triggered range expansion and local extinction of vertebrate species is known for Europe, and shows that in the modern temperate zone the main faunal change took place mainly during the Late Glacial (14 700–11 700 years ago) and Early Holocene (11 700–9 100 years ago). Based on large datasets of new radiocarbon data, we present precise temporal dynamics of climate-driven disappearance and appearance of reindeer and pond turtle in southern Sweden. These two species are significant climate indicators in Late Quaternary biostratigraphy. Our data reveal that the reindeer disappeared from southern Sweden ca. 10 300 years ago, whereas the pond turtle colonized the area ca. 9 860 years ago, with a 450-year gap between each species. This provides evidence for a sudden environmental turnover, causing the replacement of an arctic faunal element by a thermophilic species. The postglacial range dynamics of pond turtle and reindeer are a unique model case, allowing insights into the faunal turnover of other vertebrates during the last dramatic natural global warming event at the Pleistocene–Holocene transition.
Rapid and Specific Genotyping System for Hepatitis B Virus Corresponding to Six Major Genotypes by PCR Using Type-Specific Primers (2001)

A simple and precise genotyping system based on PCR using type-specific primers was developed for the determination of genotypes A through F of hepatitis B virus (HBV). This assay system is considered to be a useful tool for the molecular diagnosis of HBV infection and for large-scale surveys.
A new synthesis of pyrroles and porphyrins fused with aromatic rings (1996)

Pyrroles fused with aromatic rings (isoindole derivatives) have been readily prepared by the reaction of aromatic nitro compounds with ethyl isocyanoacetate in the presence of DBU. The ease of this reaction depends on the aromaticity of the starting nitro aromatics. Polycyclic aromatic nitro compounds such as 1-nitroacenaphthylene or 9-nitrophenanthrene are more reactive than simple nitro aromatics such as nitrobenzene or nitronaphthalenes and give the corresponding pyrroles in good yields. Pyrroles prepared by this method have been converted into porphyrins fused with various aromatic rings by the reduction with LiAlH4 followed by treatment with an acid catalyst and oxidation with chloranil or oxygen. Tetra-1,2-naphthoporphyrin has been prepared by the reaction of 2-nitro-3,4-dihydronaphthalene or 1-nitronaphthalene with ethyl isocyanoacetate followed by reduction, tetramerization and oxidation. Thus, highly conjugated porphyrins are readily prepared starting from aromatic nitro compounds, and their electronic and optical properties can be controlled by choice of the starting aromatic nitro compound.
Dynamic model of dual layer neural network for vertebrate retina (1989)

A neural network model was formulated to describe the spatiotemporal properties of the photoreceptor and horizontal cell responses to light in the vertebrate retina. The model consists of two layers, one of which represents the photoreceptor syncytium and the other the horizontal cell syncytium. Each syncytium is an array of elemental neurons, each of which is expressed by the coupling resistance between neighboring cells and membrane impedance. Corresponding elements of each syncytium interact reciprocally with synaptic weighting functions. The analytical solutions of the voltage responses to extrinsically applied current, which corresponds to the light-induced current, were obtained in the frequency domain. The model provides a computational framework of the early visual processing in the vertebrate retina.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Hierarchical Framework for Modeling and Forecasting Web Server Workload (2005)

Proactive management of web server farms requires accurate prediction of workload. An exemplary measure of workload is the amount of service requests per unit time. As a time series, the workload exhibits not only short-term random fluctuations, but also prominent periodic (daily) patterns that evolve randomly from one period to another. A hierarchical framework with multiple time scales is proposed to model such time series. This framework leads to an adaptive procedure that provides both long-term (in days) and short-term (in minutes) predictions with simultaneous confidence bands that accommodate not only serial correlation, but also heavy tailedness, heteroscedasticity, and nonstationarity of the data.
Wishful Thinking and Rocket Science (1998)

One of the great uncertainties of revenue management is estimating total demand for a given date. That estimate is essential to determining which rate classes to open or close on that date. The estimate of total, or unconstrained, demand is the sum of room-nights from guests wanting to arrive on that day plus room-nights generated by guests who would arrive earlier and stay through. The difficulty in making such an estimate is in determining the latent demand—comprising guests who might stay at the property but cannot. Some would-be guests never stay at the hotel because they are denied a room due to a sold-out rate class; others regretfully decline to book when they are told the price. The denied guest is part of latent demand, while the regretful guest is probably not. Another problem in determining latent demand is the potential for double counting reservation requests as a result of customers' behavior (such as shopping for rooms and checking several times for rates). Most operators use computer algorithms to make the complicated calculations to make a reasonable estimate of latent demand.
Cross-Correlation Aided Ensemble of Classifiers for BCI Oriented EEG Study (2019)

Recently, Brain-computer interface (BCI) oriented electroencephalographic (EEG) studies have received due attention for decoding human brain signals corresponding to a specific mental state and providing an alternate solution to the disabled or paralyzed persons for communicating with the computer, robotic arm, or various neural prostheses. In this paper, we propose a two-phase approach to distinguish EEG signals of different mental tasks. The first phase combines the cross-correlation features and slow cortical potentials mean extracted from the most significant channels to form feature vectors. The second phase performs a classification of these feature vectors using SVM and KNN classifiers. It further boosts the classification performance by creating an ensemble of SVM classifiers trained with complementary feature sets extracted during the first phase. EEG signals generated for the same mental task are similar in shape to each other and dissimilar to other activities. The basic principle of cross-correlation is to measure the similarity in shape between two signals which makes it suitable for the EEG analysis. We test the performance of the proposed approach on the BCI competition II dataset Ia representing the cursor movement EEG data for a healthy subject. Experimental results on this dataset demonstrate a significant improvement in the classification accuracy compared to other reported results. Moreover, the proposed work requires fewer channels and features compared to the recent study, which uses all six channels and 42 features, manifesting the efficacy of the proposed work.
Commentary—Theory and Practice for Interior-Point Methods (1994)

The last decade has been a fascinating time for researchers interested in linear programming and its extensions. It opened with Narendra Karmarkar's theoretical paper on the computational complexity of linear programming problems and his claims that his method solved problems 50 times faster than the simplex method. After 10 years of development in both interior-point and simplex methods, we are now at a point at which both approaches can handle problems that seemed intractable before, but where interior-point methods seem to be superior to simplex algorithms for many very large-scale sparse linear programming problems. Lustig, Marsten, and Shanno (LMS) provide an excellent overview of these advances, particularly with respect to their computational significance. Of course, they have been major contributors to the development of interior-point algorithms as well as of sophisticated implementations with their OB1 code. Their experience leads to many interesting insights and also raises some questions: why does the primal-dual method allow such long steps (99.95% of the way to the whereas primal or dual affine-scaling methods seem limited to, say, 95%)? Do the primal and dual “help each other?” And why does the primal-dual affine-scaling algorithm perform poorly, while even tiny centering components render it highly efficient? In these remarks I want to try to indicate the interplay between theory and computational practice, highlight theoretical developments with (potentially) important consequences and point out some major remaining tasks. INFORMS Journal on Computing, ISSN 1091-9856, was published as ORSA Journal on Computing from 1989 to 1995 under ISSN 0899-1499.