gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Default Router Preferences and More-Specific Routes (2005)

This document describes an optional extension to Router Advertisement
messages for communicating default router preferences and more-
specific routes from routers to hosts. This improves the ability of
hosts to pick an appropriate router, especially when the host is
multi-homed and the routers are on different links. The preference
values and specific routes advertised to hosts require administrative
configuration; they are not automatically derived from routing tables.
[STANDARDS-TRACK]
Intramolecular C–C agostic complexes: C–C sigma interactions by another name (2013)

In this comprehensive review the developments in the synthesis, characterization and reactivity of complexes (s-, d- and f-block) in which a C-C single bond interacts with a metal centre are discussed: so called C-CM agostic complexes. Such species are of significant interest with regard to structure and bonding, the activation of C-C single bonds and, thus, catalytic methods of C-C bond formation (or activation). Examples of C-C agostic complexes of early and later transition metals, actinides and group 1 metals are discussed, along with C-C agostic interactions in metallacyclobutanes. Examples of Si-Si∙∙∙M, B-C∙∙∙M and B-B∙∙∙M agostic interactions are also presented. Throughout, the structural, spectroscopic and computational markers that indicate the likely presence of a C-C∙∙∙M agostic interaction in a complex are highlighted.
A NOVEL METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF SYMMETRICAL AND UNSYMMETRICAL ETHERS. TRITYL PERCHLORATE PROMOTED REDUCTION OF CARBONYL COMPOUNDS WITH TRIETHYLSILANE (1985)

Abstract In the presence of a catalytic amount of trityl perchlorate, symmetrical ethers are prepared from aldehydes and triethylsilane, and unsymmetrical ethers are also obtained from carbonyl compounds, alkoxytrimethylsilanes and triethylsilane, in good yields, respectively.
Does Antithrombotic Therapy Influence Residual Thrombus After Thrombolysis of Platelet-Rich Thrombus? (1996)

Thrombin inhibition with heparin or r-hirudin significantly accelerated thrombolysis of occlusive platelet-rich thrombosis, but only the best antithrombotic therapy (r-hirudin) eliminated or nearly eliminated residual thrombus.
Container-Based Microservices SDN Control Plane for Open Disaggregated Optical Networks (2019)

Optical networks are undergoing a massive transformation heading the open optical systems with services automation. The Software Defined Networking (SDN), Open Line System (OLS) disaggregation and standardization of data models including IETF, OpenConfig, OpenROADM, Transport-API, are the key factors driving this transformation. In this paper, we first introduce the evolution of optical networks, then we present a container-based microservices SDN control platform and explain how this optical network control platform as a service supports this evolution. Finally, a demonstration of the container-based microservices platform with 4-step scenario is presented and validated.
Electrical and Chemical Effects of β-Radiation in Polystyrene<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrical and Chemical Effects of β-Radiation in Polystyrene1Paul Yen-hsiung Feng and Joseph W. KennedyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 4, 847–851Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01609a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01609a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analog Coupled Oscillator Based Weighted Ising Machine (2019)

We report on an analog computing system with coupled non-linear oscillators which is capable of solving complex combinatorial optimization problems using the weighted Ising model. The circuit is composed of a fully-connected 4-node LC oscillator network with low-cost electronic components and compatible with traditional integrated circuit technologies. We present the theoretical modeling, experimental characterization, and statistical analysis our system, demonstrating single-run ground state accuracies of 98% on randomized MAX-CUT problem sets with binary weights and 84% with 5-bit weight resolutions. Solutions are obtained within 5 oscillator cycles, and the time-to-solution has been demonstrated to scale directly with oscillator frequency. We present scaling analysis which suggests that large coupled oscillator networks may be used to solve computationally intensive problems faster and more efficiently than conventional algorithms. The proof-of-concept system presented here provides the foundation for realizing such larger scale systems using existing hardware technologies and could pave the way towards an entirely novel computing paradigm.
Effect of Tensile Waves on Impact Erosion at Solid/Liquid Interface (2003)

The impact erosion tests were carried out in mercury by using the direct tension test apparatus converted the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar method to investigate the formation behavior of the pits. The stainless steel specimen that was screwed at the end of the elastic bar was immersed in mercury. The polished surface of the specimen was eroded by tensile waves propagating through the interference of the solid and liquid metals. The relationship between the mass loss due to the pits formation and the shot number was described with a linear function in logarithm graph, and the mass loss depends on the applied stress level. The maximum pits were present around the center of the specimen and the pit was developed with the increase of the shot number. The distribution of the relatively large pits was very dependent on the position of specimen in the mercury container.
On the Limits of Provable Anonymity. (2013)

We study provably secure anonymity. We begin with rigorous definition of anonymity against wide range of computationally bounded attackers, including eavesdroppers, malicious peers, malicious destinations, and their combinations. Following [21], our definition is generic, and captures different notions of anonymity (e.g., unobservability and sender anonymity). We then study the feasibility of ultimate anonymity: the strongest-possible anonymity requirements and adversaries. We show there is a protocol satisfying this requirement, but with absurd (although polynomial) inefficiency and overhead. We show that such inefficiency and overhead are unavoidable for ‘ultimate anonymity’. We then present a slightly-relaxed requirement and present feasible protocols for it.
COPD Overdiagnosis and Its Effect on 30-Day Hospital Readmission Rates (2020)

COPD was overdiagnosed in our cohort of subjects; this was true whether the FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC < 0.70 standard or the lower limit of normal standard was used. Furthermore, this overdiagnosis artificially inflated the 30-d readmission rate. These results illustrate the caution providers should use when making a COPD diagnosis.
Waveguide matching crossed-slot (2003)

A matching crossed-slot, which is accommodated at the shorted end of a waveguide crossed-slot array and radiates all the residual power with circular polarisation in an array beam direction, is analysed and designed by the method of moments (MoM). The eigenmode functions for a crossed-slot derived numerically by the edge-based finite element method (FEM) are utilised as the basis functions in the MoM. The mechanism of circular polarisation is interpreted in terms of two modes each radiating linear polarisation. A matching crossed-slot is designed and tested at 3.6 GHz. The measured reflection is suppressed below –15 dB over a 5.6% bandwidth from 3.5 GHz to 3.7 GHz. The calculated and measured axial ratios in a direction of 50 degrees are 0.32 dB and 1.5 dB, respectively.
Evaluation of the newly synthesized linoleic acid derivative DCP-LA as a potential anti-dementia drug (2014)

We synthesized the linoleic acid derivative 8-[2-(2-pentyl-cyclopropylmethyl)-cyclopropyl]-octanoic acid (DCP-LA) with cyclopropane rings instead of cis-double bonds. Here, we introduce DCP-LA as a novel anti-dementia drug. DCP-LA selectively and directly activated protein kinase C-ε (PKCε) to enhance the activity of presynaptic α7 acetylcholine (ACh) receptors by promoting receptor translocation to the cell surface and increasing presynaptic glutamate release. This action of DCP-LA caused a long-lasting facilitation of hippocampal synaptic transmission, which improved learning and memory impairments in animal models. DCP-LA could be developed as a promising anti-dementia drug, offering new hope for treating dementias including Alzheimer disease.
파일롯 규모의 토양세척장치 개발 (1998)

탄화수소계 화합물이나 중금속 잔류물 등으로 오염된 토양은 토양세척방법에 의해 효과적 으로 처리할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 토양세척공정을 개발하는데 있어 토양으로부터 오염물을 분리하기 위한 몇 가지 주요 핵심 공정기술들은 채광기술과 화학공정기술의 접목을 통하여 점차적으로 개선되어 얻어졌다. 본 파일롯 규모의 토양세척장치는 공정 상 크게 네 부분으로 이루어져 있다. 1) 기계적 마찰, 2) 세척수를 이용한 세탁작용, 3) 최종세정, 4) 오염된 세척수의 재생. 장치는 현장에서 오염토양을 시간당 5톤 속도로 처리하기 위한 규모로 설계하였다. 오염된 토양 덩어리는 먼저 1차 세척부인 회전 마찰 분쇄 관을 통과하면서 개개의 토양입자로 부셔지고 다음, 교반날이 설치된 2차 세척부에서 세척수와의 강한 마찰효과에 의해 오염물의 탈착이 이루어지게 된다. 최종 단계인 3차 세척부에선 세척된 토양을 최종적으로 물분사장치를 이용하여 세정하고 오염된 세척수와 정화된 토양을 역방향으로 분리하여 각각 배출시킨다. 세척수를 연속적으로 재사용하기 위하여 오염된 세척수는 미세토의 응집, 침전과 기름성분의 부상분리가 이루어지는 세척수 처리조를 거쳐 세척부로 다시 반송되도록 하였다. 추후 이동과 운전비용을 줄이면서 현장에 적합한 토양세척장치의 적용성을 얻기 위하여 트레일러에 탑재된 이동형 토양세척장치개발에 대한 연구를 진행할 것이다. 【Soils contaminated with hydrocarbons and residual metals can be effectively treated by soil washing. In developing the soil washing process several major effects for separating contaminants from coarse soils progressively improved upon combinations of mining and chemical processing approaches. The pilot-scale soils washing process consists of the four major parts : 1) abrasive scouring, 2) scrubbing action using a washwater that is sometimes augmented by surfactants or other agents, 3) rinsing, and 4) regenerating the contaminated washwater. The plant was designed based upon the treatment capacity > 5 ton/hr on site. The lumpy contaminated soil fractions first experience deagglomeration and desliming passing through a rolling mill pipe. In the second unit the attrition scrubbing module equipped with paddles uses high-energy to remove contaminants from the soils. And a final rinsing system is assembled to separate the washwater containing the contaminants and very fine soils from the washed coarse soils. For recycling the contaminated washwater passes through a washwater clarifier specifically designed for flocculation, sedimentation and gravity separation of fine as well as flotation and separation of oils from the washwater. In order to more rapidly assess the applicability of soil washing at a potential site while minimizing the expense of mobilization and operation, a mobile-type soil washing process which is self-contained upon a trailer will be further developed.】
Participation of CYP2A in Cocaine‐Induced Hepatotoxicity in Female Mice (2000)

Abstract: Female ICR mice were treated with cocaine either alone or in combination with one of several cytochrome P450 (CYP) inducers, i.e. phenobarbital, β‐ionone, dexamethasone and β‐naphthoflavone. Cocaine‐induced hepatotoxicity was first observed by pretreatment with phenobarbital, β‐ionone or dexamethasone in accordance with significant elevation of cocaine N‐demethylation, the first step of cocaine bioactivation. The hepatic lesions occured in the periportal region (zone 1) by phenobarbital and β‐ionone and in the perivenular region (zone 3) by dexamethasone. The activities of the enzyme specific for CYP isozyme were determined to elucidate the effects of pretreatment with CYP inducers. β‐Naphthoflavone induced CYP1A and 2B but had no effects on hepatotoxicity by cocaine. On the other hand, β‐ionone enhanced hepatotoxicity without induction of CYP3A. Activities of cocaine N‐demethylase correlated well with CYP2A (r=0.83) and CYP2B (r=0.81). Cocaine N‐demethylation was inhibited particularly by addition of the CYP2A specific inhibitor, 8‐methoxypsoralen. Moreover, pretreatment with 8‐methoxypsoralen produced a marked inhibition of the hepatotoxicity induced by cocaine in phenobarbital‐treated mice. These results suggest that cocaine‐induced hepatotoxicity in female mice was mediated in part by CYP2A, participating in cocaine N‐demethylation.
Non-secretion of mutant proteins of the glaucoma gene myocilin in cultured trabecular meshwork cells and in aqueous humor (2001)

Until recently, very little was known about the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Mutations in the glaucoma gene myocilin (MYOC, GLC1A) are associated with elevated intraocular pressure and the development of autosomal dominant juvenile glaucoma and a subset of adult-onset glaucoma. MYOC is expressed in the trabecular meshwork (TM), a tissue responsible for drainage of aqueous humor from the eye, and the tissue involved in elevated intraocular pressure associated with glaucoma. To better understand the role of MYOC in glaucoma pathogenesis, we examined the expression of normal and mutant myocilin in cultured ocular (TM) and non-ocular cells as well as in the aqueous humor of patients with and without MYOC glaucoma. Normal myocilin was secreted from cultured cells, but very little to no myocilin was secreted from cells expressing five different mutant forms of MYOC. In addition, no mutant myocilin was detected in the aqueous humor of patients harboring a nonsense MYOC mutation (Q368X). Co-transfection of cultured cells with normal and mutant myocilin led to suppression of normal myocilin secretion. These studies suggest that MYOC glaucoma is due either to insufficient levels of secreted myocilin or to compromised TM cell function caused by congestion of the TM secretory pathway.
Structural and Environmental Requirements for Quenching of Singlet Oxygen by Cyanine Dyes † (2000)

Singlet-oxygen quenching constants were measured for 19 cyanine dyes in acetonitrile. The most efficient quenchers were 1-butyl-2-[2-[3-[(1-butyl-6-chlorobenz-[cd]indol-2(1H)- ylidene)ethylidene]-2-chloro-1-cyclohexen-1-yl]ethenyl]-6-chlorobenz[cd] indolium and 6-chloro-2-[2-[3-(6-chloro-1-ethylbenz[cd]indol-2(1H)-ylidene) ethylidene]-2-phenyl-1-cyclopenten-1-yl]ethenyl]-1-ethyl-benz[cd]indolium, having quenching constants with diffusion-controlled values of 2.0 +/- 0.1 x 10(10) and 1.5 +/- 0.1 x 10(10) M-1 s-1, respectively. There was a trend toward increased quenching constants for cyanine dyes with the absorption band maxima at longer wavelengths. However, the quenching constants correlated better with the oxidation potentials of the cyanine dyes, suggesting that quenching proceeds by charge transfer rather than energy transfer. The quenching constants for 1,1',3,3,3',3'-hexamethylindotricarbocyanine perchlorate and 1,1'-diethyl-4,4'-carbocyanine iodide were measured in several solvents as well as in aqueous solutions of detergent micelles. In different solvents, the quenching constants varied by as much as a factor of 50. The quenching constants were largest in solvents with the highest values on the pi* scale of Kamlet, Abboud, Abraham and Taft. This was consistent with quenching occurring by charge transfer. Within cells, cyanine dyes concentrate in membrane-bound organelles. The quenching constants were substantial within detergent micelles. To the extent that micelles are models for biological membranes, cyanine dyes may be effective biological singlet-oxygen quenchers.
Intra block copy masking (2015)

The intra block copy method improves coding efficiency of still picture and video codecs by enabling patches of already decoded picture area to be used as prediction for later areas in the same picture. However, due to practical reasons block copying is typically restricted to use a certain predefined prediction block grid. This leads to suboptimal performance as especially in the case of high frequency content, like text and graphics, the sample prediction process typically copies some residue on the block boundaries in addition to the actual texture of interest. The proposed technique improves the intra block copy method by allowing the codec to clean up unwanted residual signal at the block boundaries.
Bromelain: A Literature Review and Discussion of its Therapeutic Applications (1996)

First introduced as a therapeutic compound in 1957, bromelain’s actions include: (1) inhibition of platelet aggregation; (2) fibrinolytic activity; (3) anti-inflammatory action; (4) anti-tumor action; (5) modulation of cytokines and immunity; (6) skin debridement properties; (7) enhanced absorption of other drugs; (8) mucolytic properties; (9) digestive assistance; (10) enhanced wound healing; and (11) cardiovascular and circulatory improvement. Bromelain is well absorbed orally and available evidence indicates that it’s therapeutic effects are enhanced with higher doses. Although all of its mechanisms of action are still not completely resolved, it has been demonstrated to be a safe and effective supplement.
Thoracic Disease Identification and Localization with Limited Supervision (2018)

Accurate identification and localization of abnormalities from radiology images play an integral part in clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Building a highly accurate prediction model for these tasks usually requires a large number of images manually annotated with labels and finding sites of abnormalities. In reality, however, such annotated data are expensive to acquire, especially the ones with location annotations. We need methods that can work well with only a small amount of location annotations. To address this challenge, we present a unified approach that simultaneously performs disease identification and localization through the same underlying model for all images. We demonstrate that our approach can effectively leverage both class information as well as limited location annotation, and significantly outperforms the comparative reference baseline in both classification and localization tasks.
Genetic decreases in atrial natriuretic peptide and salt-sensitive hypertension [published erratum appears in Science 1995 Mar 24;267(5205):1753] (1995)

To determine if defects in the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) system can cause hypertension, mice were generated with a disruption of the proANP gene. Homozygous mutants had no circulating or atrial ANP, and their blood pressures were elevated by 8 to 23 millimeters of mercury when they were fed standard (0.5 percent sodium chloride) and intermediate (2 percent sodium chloride) salt diets. On standard salt diets, heterozygotes had normal amounts of circulating ANP and normal blood pressures. However, on high (8 percent sodium chloride) salt diets they were hypertensive, with blood pressures elevated by 27 millimeters of mercury. These results demonstrate that genetically reduced production of ANP can lead to salt-sensitive hypertension.
Introduction (1977)

Encore une étude sur Érasme ! On serait tenté de croire que tout a été dit sur le Prince des Humanistes. Mais la matière est infinie ! L'œuvre et la correspondance d'Érasme constituent une source inépuisable pour l'histoire du xvie siècle, l'histoire de l'humanisme et de la Réforme. La bibliographie érasmienne, encore fort incomplète, établie par J.-C. Margolin, montre que l'humaniste hollandais a essentiellement inspiré des recherches portant sur sa biographie et sa doctrine. Moins nombreuse...
Self-Assembly, Antipolyelectrolyte Effect, and Nonbiofouling Properties of Polyzwitterions (2006)

An explanation of the unique nonbiofouling properties of polyzwitterions (PZ) is proposed [in this paper, the term "polyzwitterion" is preferred to "polybetain"]. The existence of an osmotic component of the driving force of the antipolyelectrolyte effect (APE) and the parameters governing this phenomenon are quantitatively established. The correlation between this effect, which is specific of PZ only, and the PZ nonbiofouling properties is grounded.
MIMO transmission over a time-varying channel using SVD (2003)

The performance of a system using singular value decomposition (SVD) over the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel depends on the accuracy of the channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter and the receiver. Time division duplex (TDD) systems can provide easily the CSI at both ends of the wireless link, but the CSI is incorrect due to delay between estimation of the CSI and its use. Two new architectures are proposed to correct this impairment of the CSI, and allow transmission at a rate just one bit lower than the capacity of the channel at a FdT=0.038, corresponding to a speed of 2 m.s/sup -1/ and the Hyperlan 2 standard (FdT is the product of the Doppler frequency and the time delay between estimation and usage of the CSI). The proposed systems are different hybrid combinations of the zero-forcing (ZF) and SVD methods. A key feature is the preprocessing (precoding) of the transmit data by an estimation of the unitary V matrix. Both architectures outperform simpler systems without processing at the transmitter.
Synthesis and secretion of hemolysin by Escherichia coli (1980)

Hemolytic Escherichia coli cells were found to synthesize and secrete significant amounts of hemolysin into a mineral salt-glucose medium containing hemoglobin. The release of de novo-synthesized hemolysin was stopped in the presence of energy metabolism inhibitors such as 2,4-dinitrophenol, sodium azide, or potassium cyanide, resulting in an accumulation of intracellular hemolysin. A similar effect was observed in the presence of procaine, a neuroactive drug which inhibits the processing of exoproteins. Small amounts of hemolysin were secreted into the medium within approximately 10 min of inhibition of protein synthesis by chloramphenicol. This represented the final release of preformed periplasmic hemolysin en route to secretion through the outer membrane and was not caused by adsorption of external hemolysin to the cell surface. This secretion was not energy dependent but was inhibited above pH 8 and at low temperatures (10 to 20 degrees C). We concluded that two transport processes are involved in hemolysin secretion. De novo-synthesized hemolysin is extruded by an energy-dependent process through the cytoplasmic membrane and probably requires processing. In the periplasmic space a small internal pool of preformed hemolysin is accumulated temporarily before being transported through the outer membrane. Release of hemolysin through the outer membrane does not require energy or de novo protein synthesis.