gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microalgae—novel highly efficient starch producers (2010)

The freshwater alga Chlorella, a highly productive source of starch, might substitute for starch-rich terrestrial plants in bioethanol production. The cultivation conditions necessary for maximizing starch content in Chlorella biomass, generated in outdoor scale-up solar photobioreactors, are described. The most important factor that can affect the rate of starch synthesis, and its accumulation, is mean illumination resulting from a combination of biomass concentration and incident light intensity. While 8.5% DW of starch was attained at a mean light intensity of 215 µmol/(m2 s1), 40% of DW was synthesized at a mean light intensity 330 µmol/(m2 s1). Another important factor is the phase of the cell cycle. The content of starch was highest (45% of DW) prior to cell division, but during the course of division, its cellular level rapidly decreased to about 13% of DW in cells grown in light, or to about 4% in those kept in the dark during the division phase. To produce biomass with high starch content, it is necessary to suppress cell division events, but not to disturb synthesis of starch in the chloroplast. The addition of cycloheximide (1 mg/L), a specific inhibitor of cytoplasmic protein synthesis, and the effect of element limitation (nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus) were tested. The majority of the experiments were carried out in laboratory-scale photobioreactors, where culture treatments increased starch content to up to about 60% of DW in the case of cycloheximide inhibition or sulfur limitation. When the cells were limited by phosphorus or nitrogen supply, the cellular starch content increased to 55% or 38% of DW, respectively, however, after about 20 h, growth of the cultures stopped producing starch, and the content of starch again decreased. Sulfur limited and cycloheximide-treated cells maintained a high content of starch (60% of DW) for up to 2 days. Sulfur limitation, the most appropriate treatment for scaled-up culture of starch-enriched biomass, was carried out in an outdoor pilot-scale experiment. After 120 h of growth in complete mineral medium, during which time the starch content reached around 18% of DW, sulfur limitation increased the starch content to 50% of DW.
Correlation and function in Cerec 3. (2000)

The Correlation and Function modes are valuable assistants for an anatomical occlusal surface design in the Cerec method. Because of the extensive improvements of the Cerec 3 software, particularly the Correlation mode considerably simplifies the clinical procedure. Correlation works so accurately that even with small restorations, provided that the initial situation is anatomically correct, a second exposure is worthwhile, since the intraoral corrections on the occlusal surface are reduced to a minimum by the use of Correlation. The Correlation algorithm also brings somewhat incongruent exposures into exact alignment. With this principle and the enormous progress made in the hardware, further exceptional development of the Cerec occlusal surface can be expected.
High‐Triplet‐Energy Poly(9,9′‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)‐3,6‐fluorene) as Host for Blue and Green Phosphorescent Complexes (2008)

A novel polyfluorene with high triplet energy level the soluble conjugated homopolymer poly(9,9′-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,6-fluorene)) (P36EHF) is successfully synthesized and characterized. Preliminary results indicate that P36EHF could be a good host material for green and blue phosphorescent complexes (see figure), making it a wide-bandgap conjugated polymer host suitable for blue- or green-phosphorescent polymer LEDs. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2008/adma200800213_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Developments towards an artificial kidney (2006)

This article reviews the present state of renal failure and its treatment in the industrialized world. Novel and experimental therapies for the treatment of renal failure are covered, with special emphasis on a hybrid bioartificial kidney currently undergoing clinical trials in the USA. Preclinical data, results from human trials and work on miniaturization of the bioartificial kidney for implantation are presented. Research on microfluidics and nanotechnology applied to dialysis is ongoing in many academic centers, and several promising approaches are discussed. After 10 years of incremental improvements in end-stage renal disease care, several revolutionary technologies are on the horizon and approaching the marketplace.
Efficient Restoration of the Dystrophin Gene Reading Frame and Protein Structure in DMD Myoblasts Using the CinDel Method (2016)

The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a great revolution in biology. This technology allows the modification of genes in vitro and in vivo in a wide variety of living organisms. In most Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients, expression of dystrophin (DYS) protein is disrupted because exon deletions result in a frame shift. We present here the CRISPR-induced deletion (CinDel), a new promising genome-editing technology to correct the DMD gene. This strategy is based on the use of two gRNAs targeting specifically exons that precede and follow the patient deletion in the DMD gene. This pair of gRNAs induced a precise large additional deletion leading to fusion of the targeted exons. Using an adequate pair of gRNAs, the deletion of parts of these exons and the intron separating them restored the DMD reading frame in 62% of the hybrid exons in vitro in DMD myoblasts and in vivo in electroporated hDMD/mdx mice. Moreover, adequate pairs of gRNAs also restored the normal spectrin-like repeat of the dystrophin rod domain; such restoration is not obtained by exon skipping or deletion of complete exons. The expression of an internally deleted DYS protein was detected following the formation of myotubes by the unselected, treated DMD myoblasts. Given that CinDel induces permanent reparation of the DMD gene, this treatment would not have to be repeated as it is the case for exon skipping induced by oligonucleotides.
Directed regiospecificity of 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of 2‐diazopropane to 4‐ and 5‐substituted pyridazin‐3(2<i>H</i>)‐ones (1991)

Abstract 6‐Methoxy‐2‐methylpyridazin‐3(2 H )‐one ( 1 ) gave with 2‐diazopropane ( 8 ) a mixture of 3 H ‐pyrazolo[3,4‐ d ]‐pyridazin‐4(5 H )‐one derivative 12 , as the main product, and ‐7(6 H )‐one derivative 10 , as the minor product. On the other hand, 4‐substituted pyridazin‐3(2 H )‐ones 2, 3 , and 4 gave 3 H ‐pyrazolo[3,4‐ d ]pyridazin‐7(6 H )‐one 10 , exclusively, while 5‐substituted pyridazin‐3(2 H )‐ones 5, 6 , and 7 produced only the isomeric 3 H ‐pyrazolo[3,4‐ H ]pyridazin‐4(5 H )‐one 12 . The 5‐phenylsulfonyl derivative 13 gave with 8 by elimination of a molecule of nitrogen, followed by rearrangement, 1,2‐diazepine derivative 15 and with an excess of 8 3 H ‐pyrazolo[3,4‐ d ][1,2]diazepine derivative 16. 1 ,2‐Dimethylpyridazine‐3,6‐(1 H ,2 H )‐dione and its derivatives 18 and 19 produced 3 H ‐pyrazolo[3,4‐ d ]pyridazine‐4,7(5 H ,6 H )‐dione derivative 23 , while from 17 and 1‐diazoindane ( 24 ) the spiro compound 27 was obtained. The 1,2‐dihydro and 3a,7a‐dihydro intermediates 21 and 25 were isolated.
A Bayes coding algorithm using context tree (2002)

The context tree weighting (CTW) algorithm [Willems et al., 1993] has high compressibility for universal coding with respect to FSMX sources. The present authors propose an algorithm by reinterpreting the CTW algorithm from the viewpoint of Bayes coding. This algorithm can be applied to a wide class of prior distribution for finite alphabet FSMX sources. The algorithm is regarded as both a generalized version of the CTW procedure and a practical algorithm using a context tree of the adaptive Bayes coding which has been studied in Mataushima et al. (1991). Moreover, the proposed algorithm is free from underflow which frequently occurs in the CTW procedure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
PD113,618 and PD118,309, new pactamycin analogs. (1986)

Two antibiotics were isolated from culture broths of a Streptomyces sp. and identified as 8"-hydroxypactamycin and 7-deoxypactamycin. The latter antibiotic was shown to be identical to cranomycin. An additional compound, 8"-hydroxypactamycate, was also isolated.
Comparison of Dry Development Techniques using O<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub>/O<sub>2</sub> Low-Pressure Plasmas (1994)

A parametric study of the pattern transfer step in a trilevel resist system using oxygen-based plasmas has been performed using a distributed electron cyclotron resonance reactor with independent rf biasing. In pure oxygen plasmas, critical dimension loss is always present. The mechanisms most likely to be responsible for these defects during the pattern transfer process are presented and discussed. A novel plasma etching process based on sidewall passivation by sulfur is proposed using SO 2 /O 2 mixtures. Perfect anisotropy with negligiable critical dimension loss is obtained at room temperature.
A randomized, split-face, histomorphologic study comparing a volumetric calcium hydroxylapatite and a hyaluronic acid-based dermal filler. (2014)

CaHA resulted in more active, physiologic remodeling of the extracellular matrix than HA by stimulating a two-step process whereby collagen type I gradually replaced type III. Increased elastin stimulated by CaHA also indicates active remodeling. The results of this study suggest that, in the first 9 months after treatment, by reconstituting tissue homeostasis without inducing inflammation suggests CaHA has more desirable characteristics for a dermal filler than HA.
Access control infrastructure for on-demand provisioned virtualised infrastructure services (2011)

Cloud technologies are emerging as a new way of provisioning virtualised computing and infrastructure services on-demand for collaborative projects and groups. Security in provisioning virtual infrastructure services should address two general aspects: supporting secure operation of the provisioning infrastructure, and provisioning a dynamic access control infrastructure as part of the provisioned on-demand virtual infrastructure. The paper refers to the architectural framework for on-demand infrastructure services provisioning and defines the general security requirements to the security infrastructure. Dynamically provisioned access control infrastructure (DACI) reveals a wide spectrum of problems related to the distributed access control, policy and related security context management. Consistent security services design, deployment and operation require continuous security context management during the whole security services lifecycle, which is aligned to the main provisioned services lifecycle. The paper discusses conceptual issues, basic requirements and practical suggestions for provisioning dynamically configured access control services. The paper discusses security mechanisms that are required for consistent DACI operation, in particular use of authorisation tokens for access control and authorisation session context exchange between infrastructure services and providers. The proposed security infrastructure implementation is based on the GAAA-Toolkit that provides rich security session context management functionality with authorisation tickets and tokens. The defined Common Security Services Interface (CSSI) allows uniform call to security services both in the provisioning and virtual infrastructures.
An Equivalent Vector Optimization Problem for Nonsmooth Multiobjective Programming Problem (2007)

In this paper, a new approach for a solution of a invex nonsmooth programming problem is introduced. An equivalent eta-approximated vector optimization problem is constructed by a modification of the objective and the constraint functions in the original multiobjective programming problem and its equivalent etamiddotapproximated vector optimization problem is proved. In this way, optimally conditions for nonsmooth constrained multi-objective programming problems having generalized invex objective and constraint functions (with respect to the same function etamiddot)are obtained.
Generalized software for translating data (1976)

Many data processing installations are confronted with the problem of data conversion. Some of the conversion problems are conversion of files foreign to the installation, conversion of files into a data base management system format, and conversion of all data to upgrade hardware or software. Simple file organizations pose few conversion problems, while logically and physically complex data bases emphasize many conversion problems. The current approach of writing specific translation programs is time consuming and frequently inaccurate; a new approach is desirable.To address these conversion problems, The University of Michigan Data Translation Project has developed a generalized translation methodology. This methodology has been applied in the development of several prototype data translators. These translators have progressively advanced the physical transformation capabilities (reformatting) and the logical transformation capabilities (restructuring). The reformatting capabilities of the translators include the ability to access and modify the physical storage structures which support sequential, indexed sequential, and network organizations. The restructuring capabilities allow complex restructuring of lists, trees, and networks.Future extensions to the translation methodology include the decomposition of the translation process into small, but specific steps. Languages would be developed to address each of these small translations, and could lead to a generalized accessing mechanism and a data interchange form.
Inkjet-printed transparent nanowire thin film features for UV photodetectors (2015)

Stable nanowire suspensions are inkjet-printed to form the all-printed transparent UV photodetectors with fast responses.
Probabilistic Power Flow Analysis Based on the Stochastic Response Surface Method (2015)

This paper proposes a probabilistic power flow analysis technique based on the stochastic response surface method. The probability distributions and statistics of power flow responses can be accurately and efficiently estimated by the proposed method without using series expansions such as the Gram-Charlier, Cornish-Fisher, or Edgeworth series. The stochastic continuous input variables following normal distributions such as loads or non-normal distributions such as photovoltaic generation and wind power and their multiple correlations can be easily modeled. The correctness, effectiveness and adaptability of the proposed method are demonstrated by comparing the probabilistic power flow analysis results of the IEEE 14-bus and 57-bus standard test systems obtained from the proposed method, the point estimate method, and the Monte Carlo simulation method.
Combined first trimester nuchal translucency and second trimester biochemical screening tests among normal pregnancies (2000)

We prospectively examined whether first trimester nuchal translucency (NT) and second trimester triple test (TT) results are correlated, and determined overlapping and mutual screen-positive rates. Results of NT, TT, amniocentesis and pregnancy outcome were obtained in 508 normal pregnancies. Inter-test correlation was performed by comparing the likelihood ratios (LR). Overlapping of screen-positive cases, of NT and TT, was determined by comparing mutual risks for Down syndrome (DS) livebirth of > or = 1:380. Combined screen-positive rates were evaluated by using summation risk (NT and/or TT exhibiting a risk > or = 1:380) and calculated risk (new risk > or / =1:380, based on multiplication of LR(NT) and LR(TT)). Screen-positive rates between NT and TT differed significantly and when either test showed an increased risk for DS, the probability of the other to predict the same was negligible (p<0.001). Overall screen-positive rates, at a risk > or = 1:380, were 2% and 5.7% for NT and TT, respectively. Summation and calculated combining methods were associated with 7.5% and 2.0% screen-positive rates, respectively. Amniocentesis was performed on 20.7% of the cases, mostly screen-negative ones. Our results showed that, in normal pregnancies, NT and TT do not correlate and that their combined calculated risk in normal pregnancies is associated with a low screen-positive rate of 2.0%.
Poly(ester imide)s Possessing Low Coef-cient of Thermal Expansion and Low Water Absorption (2006)

The film properties of polyimides (PIs) containing para-ester linkages in the main chains, poly(ester imide)s (PEsI) are reported in this paper. An ester-containing dianhydride monomer (TAHQ) was synthesized from hydroquinone and trimellitic anhydride chloride. PEsIs derived from TAHQ and various diamines with stiff/linear structures, p-phenylenediamine (PDA), trans-1,4-cyclohexanediamine (CHDA), 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (TFMB), 4-aminophenyl-4′-aminophenylbenzoate (APAB), and 4,4′-daminobenzanilide (DABA), exhibited extremely low linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) values, for example, CTE = 3.2 ppm K -1 for TAHQ/PDA and 3.3 ppm K -1 for TAHQ/APAB. The results revealed that the para-ester linkages behave as a rod-like segment favorable for thermal imidization-induced in-plane orientation. Copolymerization with flexible 4,4′-oxydianiline made precise CTE matching possible between PEsI/copper substrate and the significant improvement of film toughness at the same time. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurements showed that some of the PEsIs examined are semi-crystalline. The present work proposes novel high temperature insulation materials suitable for the substrates for flexible printed circuit, possessing not only a copper-level low CTE but also high film toughness, high dimensional stability, and low water absorption. PEsIs were compared with the corresponding amide-containing PIs. Highly transparent PEsIs are also reported.
Transport of gamma-glutamyl amino acids: role of glutathione and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. (1979)

This work relates to the hypothesis that one of the mechanisms that mediates amino acid translocation across cell membranes involves the action of membrane-bound gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase on intracellular glutathione and extracellular amino acids to form gamma-glutamyl amino acids. According to this idea, the latter are translocated into the cell where the gamma-glutamyl moiety is removed to yield free amino acids. Previous studies in this laboratory showed that intracellular glutathione is translocated out of many cells. We have now directly examined the transport of gamma-glutamyl amino acids into tissues in the mouse by use of the model substrate L-gamma-glutamyl-L-[14C]methionine sulfone. Of 11 tissues examined, only the kidney showed strong and preferential uptake of the substrate. A substantial amount of the administered L-gamma-glutamyl-L-[14C]methionine sulfone was found intact in the kidney; the total uptake of this compound was greater (by about 2-fold) than that of free L-methionine sulfone. Studies with a number of other gamma-glutamyl amino acids and gamma-glutamyl compounds indicate that the kidney has a relatively specific transport system for gamma-glutamyl amino acids. Small but significant amounts of gamma-glutamylmethionine sulfone were found in the liver and pancreas, suggesting that other tissues may also have this system. Transport of gamma-glutamylmethionine sulfone into the kidney was inhibited by inhibitors of glutathione synthesis and of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The results suggest that both the transpeptidase and glutathione may be involved in transport of gamma-glutamyl amino acids.
The Promulgation of the Authoritative Text of the Hebrew Bible (1953)

Research Article| March 01 1953 The Promulgation of the Authoritative Text of the Hebrew Bible M. H. Segal M. H. Segal Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of Biblical Literature (1953) 72 (1): 35–47. https://doi.org/10.2307/3261628 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation M. H. Segal; The Promulgation of the Authoritative Text of the Hebrew Bible. Journal of Biblical Literature 1 March 1953; 72 (1): 35–47. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3261628 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveSBL PressJournal of Biblical Literature Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Effect of heavy metal intoxication on macrophage metabolic activity of mice infected with Ascaris suum (2014)

Abstract The effect of heavy metal intoxication on superoxide anion (O2 −) production and larval burden during experimental Ascaris suum infection was studied. Mice were chronically intoxicated with lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) or mercury (Hg) and subsequently infected with A. suum. The metabolic activity of peritoneal macrophages in mice intoxicated with Pb was suppressed and subsequent parasitic infection did not change this inhibition. Cd intoxication increased the superoxide production and also stimulated the activity of this oxygen radical after A. suum infection. Intoxication with Hg had a stimulative effect on the macrophage metabolic activity and subsequent A. suum infection moderately reduced this activity. Parasite burden was different depending on a type of heavy metal intoxication. Pb intoxication moderately increased the parasite burden in the liver and lungs of intoxicated mice. In contrast, Cd and Hg intoxication triggered a marked reduction of A. suum larvae in the liver and lungs of intoxicated mice, respectively. Monitored heavy metals differed in their immunomodulatory effect on metabolic activity of macrophages what also altered the intensity of the parasite infection in the hosts.
Sex and the Single Cell (2004)

Hepatocytes obtained from animals partially hepatectomized (72 h before the experiment) have a diminished responsiveness to alpha 1-adrenergic amines, vasopressin, angiotensin and glucagon and an increased responsiveness to beta-adrenergic amines. Administration of inositol or tri-iodothyronine to the hepatectomized animals induced a recovery in the hepatocyte responsiveness to the Ca2+-dependent hormones and abolished that to beta-adrenergic amines; the response to glucagon was not improved.
Monitoring the Soot Emissions of Passing Cars (2006)

We report on the first application of a novel fast on-road sensing method for measurement of particulate emissions of individual passing passenger cars. The studywas motivated by the shift of interest from gases to particles in connection with strong adverse health effects. The results correspond very much to findings by Beaton et al. (Science, May 19,1995) for gaseous hydrocarbon and CO emissions: A small percentage of "superpolluters" (here 5%) account for a high percentage (here 43%) of the pollution (here elemental carbon). We estimate that up to 50% of the particulate emissions of vehicles could be avoided on the basis of the present legislation, if on-road monitoring would be applied to enforce maintenance. Our fast sensing method for particles is based on photoelectron emission from the emitted airborne soot particles in combination with a CO2 sensor delivering a reference.