gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of oxygen incorporation in semi-insulating (Al<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>)<i>y</i>In1−<i>y</i>P (1992)

Oxygen-doped, semi-insulating layers of (AlxGa1−x)yIn1−yP with x=0.4 were grown on GaAs using organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE). Secondary-ion mass spectrometry measurements show that the oxygen incorporation is proportional to the flow rate of O2 into the OMVPE reactor. Two-terminal metal-insulator-semiconductor devices were fabricated and used to evaluate the electrical characteristics of the (AlxGa1−x)yIn1−yP. Traps into the (AlxGa1−x)yIn1−yP bulk behave like DX centers, and are believed to be related to residual Si contamination. Increasing the oxygen concentration in the (AlxGa1−x)yIn1−yP layer decreases the trap concentration by the formation of oxygen complexes with the Si atoms.
The paramyxovirus polymerase complex as a target for next-generation anti-paramyxovirus therapeutics (2015)

The paramyxovirus family includes major human and animal pathogens, including measles virus, mumps virus, and human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), as well as the emerging zoonotic Hendra and Nipah viruses. In the U.S., RSV is the leading cause of infant hospitalizations due to viral infectious disease. Despite their clinical significance, effective drugs for the improved management of paramyxovirus disease are lacking. The development of novel anti-paramyxovirus therapeutics is therefore urgently needed. Paramyxoviruses contain RNA genomes of negative polarity, necessitating a virus-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) complex for replication and transcription. Since an equivalent enzymatic activity is absent in host cells, the RdRp complex represents an attractive druggable target, although structure-guided drug development campaigns are hampered by the lack of high-resolution RdRp crystal structures. Here, we review the current structural and functional insight into the paramyxovirus polymerase complex in conjunction with an evaluation of the mechanism of activity and developmental status of available experimental RdRp inhibitors. Our assessment spotlights the importance of the RdRp complex as a premier target for therapeutic intervention and examines how high-resolution insight into the organization of the complex will pave the path toward the structure-guided design and optimization of much-needed next-generation paramyxovirus RdRp blockers.
Raising the Conductivity of Crystalline Polymer Electrolytes by Aliovalent Doping (2005)

Polymer electrolytes, salts dissolved in solid polymers, hold the key to realizing all solid-state devices such as rechargeable lithium batteries, electrochromic displays, or SMART windows. For 25 years conductivity was believed to be confined to amorphous polymer electrolytes, all crystalline polymer electrolytes were thought to be insulators. However, recent results have demonstrated conductivity in crystalline polymer electrolytes, although the levels at room temperature are too low for application. Here we show, for the first time, that it is possible to raise significantly the level of ionic conductivity by aliovalent doping. The conductivity may be raised by 1.5 orders of magnitude if the SbF6- ion in the crystalline conductor poly(ethylene oxide)6:LiSbF6 is replaced by less than 5 mol % SiF6(2-), thus introducing additional, mobile, Li+ ions into the structure to maintain electroneutrality.
Discovery of meaningful associations in genomic data using partial correlation coefficients (2004)

Supplementary information can be found at: URL to be decided.
Time series data mining methods (2015)

Heutzutage sind die Möglichkeiten der Datensammlung und -Speicherung unvorstellbar weitreichend und somit können Zeitreihendatensätze mittlerweile bis zu einer Billion Beobachtungen enthalten. Die Aufgabe von Data Mining ist es, versteckte Informationen aus dieser Datenschwemme herauszufiltern. Während es für Querschnittsdaten viele verschiedene und sehr gut entwickelte Techniken gibt, hinken die Zeitreihen Data Mining Methoden weit hinterher. Die Forschungspraxis hat sich in diesem Bereich noch nicht auf standardisierte Vorgehensweisen geeinigt. Dieser Literaturüberblick stellt zunächst die typischen Probleme, die Zeitreihen mit sich bringen, dar und systematisiert daraufhin die von der Forschungsgemeinde vorgeschlagenen Lösungsansätze hierfür. Die wichtigsten Ansätze werden anhand von Google Trends Daten illustriert. Darüber hinaus werfen wir einen Blick auf aktuelle Forschungsströme und zeigen noch offene Forschungsfragen auf.
Vaccines against drugs of abuse: where are we now? (2014)

Drug addiction is a serious problem worldwide. One therapy being investigated is vaccines against drugs of abuse. The antibodies elicited against the drug can take up the drug and prevent it from reaching the reward centers in the brain. Few such vaccines have entered clinical trials, but research is going on apace. Many studies are very promising and more clinical trials should be coming out in the near future.
Total recall: system support for automated availability management (2004)

Availability is a storage system property that is both highly desired and yet minimally engineered. While many systems provide mechanisms to improve availability - such as redundancy and failure recovery - how to best configure these mechanisms is typically left to the system manager. Unfortunately, few individuals have the skills to properly manage the trade-offs involved, let alone the time to adapt these decisions to changing conditions. Instead, most systems are configured statically and with only a cursory understanding of how the configuration will impact overall performance or availability. While this issue can be problematic even for individual storage arrays, it becomes increasingly important as systems are distributed - and absolutely critical for the wide-area peer-to-peer storage infrastructures being explored.

This paper describes the motivation, architecture and implementation for a new peer-to-peer storage system, called TotalRecall, that automates the task of availability management. In particular, the TotalRecall system automatically measures and estimates the availability of its constituent host components, predicts their future availability based on past behavior, calculates the appropriate redundancy mechanisms and repair policies, and delivers user-specified availability while maximizing efficiency.
High-Q microwave acoustic resonators and filters (1993)

The authors present recent experimental and modeling results for high-Q microwave acoustic resonators and filters for use in oscillators and other frequency control applications. Overmoded resonators have exhibited an FQ product greater than 1*10/sup 14/ Hz (e.g., Q=68,000 at 1.6 GHz) with a strong inductive response suitable for one-port and two-port oscillator feedback circuits. Ladder filters fabricated with overmoded resonators have loaded Qs greater than 40,000 with 76-kHz bandwidth at 1.6 GHz. Aluminum nitride films were used for transduction on Z-cut sapphire and lithium niobate substrates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hybrid Approach to Collaborative Context-Aware Service Platform for Pervasive Computing (2008)

International audience
Optimal file designs and reorganization points (1982)

A model for studying the combined problems of file design and file reorganization is presented. New modeling techniques for predicting the performance evolution of files and for finding optimal reorganization points for files are introduced. Applications of the model to hash-based and indexed-sequential files reveal important relationships between initial loading factors and reorganization frequency. A practical file design strategy, based on these relationships, is proposed.
Functional Interaction between Class II Histone Deacetylases and ICP0 of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (2004)

This study describes the physical and functional interactions between ICP0 of herpes simplex virus type 1 and class II histone deacetylases (HDACs) 4, 5, and 7. Class II HDACs are mainly known for their participation in the control of cell differentiation through the regulation of the activity of the transcription factor MEF2 (myocyte enhancer factor 2), implicated in muscle development and neuronal survival. Immunofluorescence experiments performed on transfected cells showed that ICP0 colocalizes with and reorganizes the nuclear distribution of ectopically expressed class I and II HDACs. In addition, endogenous HDAC4 and at least one of its binding partners, the corepressor protein SMRT (for silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid receptor), undergo changes in their nuclear distribution in ICP0-transfected cells. As a result, during infection endogenous HDAC4 colocalizes with ICP0. Coimmunoprecipitation and glutathione S-transferase pull-down assays confirmed that class II but not class I HDACs specifically interacted with ICP0 through their amino-terminal regions. This region, which is not conserved in class I HDACs but homologous to the MITR (MEF2-interacting transcription repressor) protein, is responsible for the repression, in a deacetylase-independent manner, of MEF2 by sequestering it under an inactive form in the nucleus. Consequently, we show that ICP0 is able to overcome the HDAC5 amino-terminal- and MITR-induced MEF2A repression in gene reporter assays. This is the first report of a viral protein interacting with and controlling the repressor activity of class II HDACs. We discuss the putative consequences of such an interaction for the biology of the virus both during lytic infection and reactivation from latency.
Novel gas sensors based on thin film bulk acoustic resonators (2006)

The paper describes the application of thin film bulk acoustic resonators (TFBAR) with an operating frequency around 2 GHz as gas sensors. The sensor consists of a solidly mounted thin film ZnO resonator fabricated on a silicon substrate covered with a gas sensitive polymer receptor. The sensitivity of the device for vapors and gases, like humidity or carbon dioxide, has been measured. The TFBAR sensitivity is up to two orders of magnitude higher compared to conventional quartz microbalance sensors. The sensitivity for a given target gas depends in a nonlinear way on the receptor thickness. Furthermore, the characteristics of the sensitivity versus receptor-thickness curve depends significantly on the target gas and allows a discrimination between gases. The TFBAR-gas sensor performance and the novel observation of a thickness dependent selectivity of receptor material are discussed.
Force feedback based gripper control on a robotic arm (2016)

Telemanipulation (master-slave operation) was developed in order to replace human being in hazardous environment, with using a slave device (e.g. robot). In this paper many kind of master devices are studied, for the precise control. Remote control needs much information about remote environment for good and safe human-machine interaction. Existing master devices with vision system or audio feedback lacks most of such information, therefor force feedback, called haptics become significant recently. In this paper we propose a new concept of force feedback. This system can overcome the bottlenecks of other feedback system in a user friendly way. Force sensor and laser distance sensor communicates the information from the gripper's status to the teleoperator by using force feedback module on a glove. Pneumatic pressure gives the operator distance information, while a Magnetorheological Fluid (MR-Fluid) based actuator presents the gripper's force. The experiment result shows the possibility of usage of such force feedback glove in combination with a robotic arm.
The methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins of Escherichia coli. Identification of the multiple methylation sites on methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein I. (1982)

The methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) are integral membrane proteins that undergo reversible methylation during adaptation of bacterial cells to environmental attractants and repellents. The numerous methylated forms of each MCP are seen as a pattern of multiple bands on polyacrylamide gels. We have characterized the methylation sites in MCPI by analyzing methyl-accepting tryptic peptides. At least two different tryptic peptides accept methyl esters; one methyl-accepting peptide contains methionine and lysine and may be methylated a maximum of four times. The second methyl-accepting tryptic peptide contains arginine and may be methylated twice. Base-catalyzed demethylations of tryptic peptides and analysis of the charge differences between the different methylated forms of MCPI show that MCPI molecules may be methylated a total of six times. The two methyl esters on the methyl-accepting arginine peptide appear to be preferentially methylated in most of the forms of MCPI in attractant-stimulated cells. The ability to acquire six methylations on MCPI allows the bacterial cells to adapt to a broad range of attractant and repellent concentrations.
Formation and Stability of Nitric Oxide Myoglobin. II. Studies on Meat (1967)

SUMMARY— Results in model Mb solutions were confirmed by tests on pork samples treated with the mentioned additives and heated. The content of nitric oxide chromogen (DNOMb) in the samples was determined according to Hornsey. It was found that optimum DNOMb formation required not less than 5 mols nitrite per mol Mb; this may be due partly to side reactions with cysteine and other components of meat. In the presence of sufficient sodium ascorbate (200 mols per mot Mb), 3 mols nitrite per mol Mb was optimum. A large excess of nitrite (500 mols per mol Mb) induced the formation of green pigments, and appreciably less DNOMb was found. Reheating meat containing denatured Mb with nitrite converted Mb to a red pigment, but the color intensity so obtained was 40–60% of that obtained with normal nitrite treatment before heating. Potassium nitrate did not influence the DNOMb formation. The higher the temperature to which meat is heated, the lower its DNOMb content. Exclusion of oxygen by means of carbon dioxide during the treatment of meat improved the final DNOMb content. Irradiation by light of meat containing DNOMb showed that the concentration of nitrite necessary for optimal DNOMb formation in the absence of ascorbate (5 mols nitrite to 1 mol Mb) also caused optimum stability to irradiation in air. Potassium nitrate did not affect this stability. The breakdown of DNOMb increased with the light intensity. In a carbon dioxide atmosphere the breakdown of DNOMb is much slower than in air and it is independent of the light intensity.
Disruption of protein precipitates during shear in Couette flow and in pumps (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDisruption of protein precipitates during shear in Couette flow and in pumpsMichael Hoare, Thrinayani J. Narendranathan, Jonathan R. Flint, Deborah Heywood-Waddington, Donald J. Bell, and Peter DunnillCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1982, 21, 4, 402–406Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i100008a015https://doi.org/10.1021/i100008a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views220Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Low-frequency noise in polysilicon emitter bipolar transistors (1995)

The low-frequency noise in polysilicon emitter bipolar transistors is investigated. Transistors with various geometries and various properties of the oxide layer at the monosilicon polysilicon interface are studied. The main 1/f noise source proved to be located in the oxide layer. This source causes both 1/f noise in the base current S/sub Ib/ and 1/f noise in the emitter series resistance S/sub re/ The magnitude of the 1/f noise source depends on the properties of the oxide layer. The 1/f noise is ascribed to barrier height fluctuations of the oxide layer resulting in transparency fluctuations for both minority and majority carriers in the emitter, giving rise to S/sub Ib/ and S/sub re/ respectively. It is also shown that a low transparency of the oxide layer also reduces the contribution of mobility fluctuations to S/sub Ib/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of TSV interposer on the thermal performance of FCBGA package (2009)

In this paper, the effect of TSV (Through Silicon Via) parameters on the equivalent thermal conductivity of TSV interposer and the effect of the TSV interposer on the thermal performance of the package have been elaborated. The modeling approach using in this paper includes compact modeling for the package and detailed modeling for the TSV interposer. The objective of compact modeling is to study the effect of TSV interposer on thermal performance of the package, while the objective of detailed modeling is to extract the equivalent thermal conductivity of TSV interposer which is used for compact modeling. The proposed package in this study includes a large die with fine pitch, a silicon interposer with TSV, a 1-2-1 buildup substrate and a PCB board. In addition, to evaluate the thermal performance of the proposed package, a similar package without the TSV interposer is also modeled in this study for comparison. The results of detailed modeling show that the equivalent thermal conductivity of TSV interposer can be increased by reducing the pitch and via ratio of TSV, as well as increasing the plating thickness of partial filled TSV and using highly conductive filler material. Furthermore, the results of compact modeling reveal that the proposed TSV interposer improves the thermal performance of the package. The thermal resistance of the package decreases when the interposer size and thickness increase, and the equivalent thermal conductivity of TSV interposer has negligible effect on thermal performance of the package.
Food safety and its impact on domestic and export markets (1997)

The issue of food safety in the United States has been fomented in recent years by highly publicized outbreaks of foodborne disease. These outbreaks have stimulated revision of Federal regulations for food inspection in packing plants, and spawned consumer groups advocating the control of foodborne pathogens in animal production systems. The United States has recently become a net exporter of pork, and quality assurance of product is becoming a focus of competition in export markets. This paper examines historic and current controversies over Trichinella and United States pork exports to Europe in the 19th century, bovine spongioform encephalopathy in the United Kingdom, Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the United States, and organochlorine residues in Australian beef to illustrate the profound effects that perceptions of food safety can have on consumer attitudes, government regulations, and market access. The implications of the United States HACCP/Pathogen Reduction Act of July 1996, recent international agreements promoting free trade (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade [GATT], North American Free Trade Agreement [NAFTA]), and implementation of quality assurance programs by leading pork-exporting nations are discussed in the context of industry competition in domestic and international markets.
Adaptive arrays—An introduction (1976)

Adaptive array antenna systems are currently the subject of intense interest and investigation/development for radar and communications applications. The principal reason for the interest is their ability to automatically steer nulls onto undesired sources of interference, thereby reducing output noise and enhancing the detection of desired signals. These systems usually consist of an array of antenna elements and a real-time adaptive receiver-processor which has feedback control over the element weights. This paper provides a tutorial introduction to adaptive arrays from the viewpoint of antenna beam-forming and null steering. The particular vehicle chosen for discussion is the Howells-Applebaum analog servo-control-loop processor. This processor derives feedback control error signals from the correlations between element signals, i.e., on the basis of the covariance matrix of the set of system inputs. A simple two-element array with a single adaptive control loop is addressed first, in order to set the stage for analysis of a basic K-element linear array with K adaptive control loops. The set of linear differential equations associated with the controlloop network can be solved by a Q-matrix transformation into orthonormal eigenvector space. The purely mathematical Q-matrix is interpreted in terms of orthogonal beam-forming networks, similar in principle to a Butler matrix beam-forming network. The Q-matrix network produces a set of K orthogonal normalized eigenvector beams whose output powers are proportional to the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix. These beams are utilized in a convenient expression for calculating the time-dependent output pattern function for the array. Performance characteristics have been calculated for different distributions of interference sources to demonstrate the effects of power level, source location with respect to the quiescent beam pattern, source spacing in terms of array resolution, source bandwidth, continuous source distributions, and the array "degrees of freedom" captured. Two modifications of the basic system are also included: the addition of a hard-limiter in the control loops, and a change in the antenna aperture element arrangement to a circular array with an omni "mainbeam."
Antibiotic Prescribing in Ambulatory Pediatrics in the United States (2011)

Broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing in ambulatory pediatrics is extremely common and frequently inappropriate. These findings can inform the development and implementation of antibiotic stewardship efforts in ambulatory care toward the most important geographic regions, diagnostic conditions, and patient populations.
Growth of highly strained germanium dots on Si(001) covered by a silicon nitride layer (2002)

We show that germanium dots can be directly grown by molecular beam epitaxy on a silicon (001) surface covered by a very thin (1.5 nm thick) silicon nitride layer. We describe the experimental procedure, which induces the growth of nano-metric size, isolated germanium dots. The germanium dots are in epitaxy with the silicon substrate. Using grazing incidence x-ray diffraction we show that for very small dots the in-plane lattice parameter inside the dots is very close to the silicon lattice parameter while a strong lattice relaxation and/or silicon inter-diffusion take place with increasing dot size.