gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
API Oilwell Cementing Practices (1990)

ABSTRACT API Cement Standardization Committee 10 has striven through the years to provide the worldwide drilling industry with the latest technology as applied to cement specifications and testing of down hole materials. In addition to publishing 22 editions of these standards and specifications, this group has published over 25 technical papers and bulletins as a mechanism of keeping the industry informed. Perhaps the most significant achievement of this committee has been the preparation of a new textbook covering worldwide cementing practices. Individual chapters deal with everything from primary cementing to the plugging of wells and were authored by recognized experts of major companies' personnel, most of whom are active in API work. This book also contains a complete bibliography of published literature covering papers and patents to 1989. Noteworthy in the text is a survey of over 200 fields, worldwide, covering casing programs, drilling fluids and cementing practices. Many worthwhile and useful statistics may also be found therein. The paper and oral presentation will highlight the latest in cementing and findings from these worldwide surveys of drilling and completion practices. INTRODUCTION Several thousand wells are drilled and completed annually throughout the world--some productive of oil or gas while some are dry--yet during this drilling and completion process most of these wells are cased, with the casing set in the borehole, surrounded by cement. Cementing technology in the literature dates from the early 1920's. The major part of this cementing information, however, represents practices used after World War II. In 1937 the American Petroleum Institute established the first committee to study the use of cement down hole. There were already a few cement testing laboratories equipped with strength-measuring apparatus and stirring devices to determine the fluidity or pumpability of cement slurries at down hole temperatures. Since these early events in our industry, many changes have taken place in cement standardization, in cement testing, and in field practices, particularly in drilling below 10,000 feet. API Cement Standardization Committee 10 and its members have played a significant role in the research and development of all phases of cement technology. In 1989, experts within the industry and from Committee 10 finalized an up-to-date text entitled "Worldwide Cementing Practices." This book attempts to mold all the various cementing technologies used today. It is also significant to note that the processes of "cementing a well" are very similar in most parts of the world. Nomenclature and terminology may vary from one area to another, however, the basic process is about the same worldwide. Highlights of the various chapters and authors' opinions are summarized herein.
The KRAS-Variant and miRNA Expression in RTOG Endometrial Cancer Clinical Trials 9708 and 9905 (2014)

The KRAS-variant may be a genetic marker of risk for type 2 endometrial cancers. In addition, tumor miRNA expression appears to be associated with patient age, lymphovascular invasion and the KRAS-variant, supporting the hypothesis that altered tumor biology can be measured by miRNA expression, and that the KRAS-variant likely impacts endometrial tumor biology.
Development of wave power generating system with water valve rectifier (2001)

This paper describes the composition of wave power generating system with water valve rectifier and presents the results of experimental test for practical use which has been carrying out at Haramachi site since 1996. It is confirmed that electric power is generated under both surf and backwash conditions by rectifying the alternative air flow through the water valve. A maximum output power of over 130 kW is obtained.
Drugs Five Years Later: Bleomycin (1979)

Bleomycin was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1975 for therapy against squamous cell carcinomas, testicular cancers, and malignant lymphomas. An extensive bibliography on this drug indicates that there is little evidence of activity against other malignancies. Although initially used exclusively as a single agent, bleomycin has been considered recently for use in combination chemotherapy. Because of associated toxicity involving the lung and mucous membranes, bleomycin should be used cautiously by physicians, particularly in noninvestigational settings.
Selective area metalorganic molecular-beam epitaxy of GaN and the growth of luminescent microcolumns on Si/SiO2 (1999)

We demonstrate the selective area growth of gallium nitride on patterned Si(111)/GaN/SiO2 wafers by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy using triethyl gallium as a Ga source. We show that such selective area deposition may be used to grow isolated microcolumns of GaN with lateral dimensions of tens of nanometers on Si/SiO2 wafers. Via high resolution cathodoluminescence imaging we show that such microcolumn structures are highly luminescent inspite of a large surface to volume ratio, indicating that nonradiative recombination at free surfaces is not a significant issue in this system.
Quantities, Units, and Symbols in Physical Chemistry: 3rd edition (2007)

The first IUPAC Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units (the Green Book) of which this is the direct successor, was published in 1969, with the object of 'securing clarity and precision, and wider agreement in the use of symbols, by chemists in different countries, among physicists, chemists and engineers, and by editors of scientific journals'. Subsequent revisions have taken account of many developments in the field, culminating in the major extension and revision represented by the 1988 edition under the simplified title Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. This 2007, third edition, is a further revision of the material which reflects the experience of the contributors with the previous editions. The book has been systematically brought up to date and new sections have been added. It strives to improve the exchange of scientific information among the readers in different disciplines and across different nations. In a rapidly expanding volume of scientific literature where each discipline has a tendency to retreat into its own jargon this book attempts to provide a readable compilation of widely used terms and symbols from many sources together with brief understandable definitions. This is the definitive guide for scientists and organizations working across a multitude of disciplines requiring internationally approved nomenclature.
Stepped-Impedance Band-Pass Filters with Improved Selectivity (2019)

Rectangular waveguide stepped-impedance structures have been recently proposed to achieve band-pass filters with reduced sensitivity to fabrication tolerances and routing capabilities. In this paper, a novel method is presented to enhance their selectivity. The design technique preserves the advantages of the baseline filter while allowing the inclusion of transmission zeros in its band-pass frequency response. This is achieved by introducing λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> /4-stubs in some of the filter sections following a modular design process which implies a quick redesign of the sections affected only. The inclusion of the transmission zeros does not alter the good in-band behavior of the original filter and the method avoids cumbersome optimization processes. The technique has been tested by designing a Ku-band filter with two transmission zeros, one on each side of the passband.
The Antibody/Antiserum as an Analytical Reagent in Quantitative Immunoassays (1991)

Antibodies and antisera have been successfully employed as diagnostic tools for many years. However, there has always been a problem in reproducing the quality of an antiserum, once its usefulness in a diagnostic test has been established. After the introduction of monoclonal antibodies it was hoped that this problem could be circumvented and that more reliable reagents of higher specificity could be obtained. This assumption has proved basically right, although some pitfalls remain when using monoclonal antibodies. Whereas reactions with polyclonal antibodies or antisera are of statistical nature, monoclonal antibodies react with epitopes in a very defined and restricted manner. This makes the antibody-antigen reaction more susceptible to physical and chemical changes of the antigen and antibody structure and also to "environmental" influences. Association and dissociation kinetics are important features of antibody-antigen reactions, especially if tests are run in an non equilibrium mode. Alterations in cross-reactivity, dependent on reaction kinetics, are frequently more prominent with monoclonal than with polyclonal antibodies. When attempting to standardize immunoassays all this has to be kept in mind, and will finally lead to a demand for agreed reference methods. Singular reference materials cannot take care of the entire intricate network of variables in an immunoassay; they are only one step in the right direction.
A method of increasing the range of 1.65µm long range OTDR system based on Raman amplification (1997)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text H. H. Kee, G. P. Lees, and T. P. Newson, "A method of increasing the range of 1.65µm long range OTDR system based on Raman amplification," in 12th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, Vol. 16 of 1997 OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1997), paper OThC32. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Polyfluoroalkyl derivatives of nitrogen. Part XXXVI. Photochemical reaction of N-bromo- and N-chloro-bistrifluoromethylamine with cis- or trans-but-2-ene, and the synthesis of 1,2-di(bistrifluoromethylamino)- difluoroethylene and 2-bromo-1,2-difluoro-NN-bistrifluoromethylvinylamine (1972)

Photochemical reactions of N-bromobistrifluoromethylamine with cis- or trans-but-2-ene gives the 1:1 adducts erythro- and threo-2-bromo-1-methyl-NN-bistrifluoromethylpropylamine in the ratios 17:83 and 77:23, respectively. The corresponding N-chloro-amine reactions afford the erythro- and threo- 1:1 adducts in the ratios 10:90 and 87:13, respectively. A thermal reaction of the N-bromo-amine with 1,2-difluoro-NN-bistrifluoromethylvinylamine gives 1,2-di(bistrifluoromethylamino)-2-bromo-1,2-difluoroethane in high yield, which is dehydrobrominated to give 1,2-di(bistrifluoromethylamino)difluoroethylene. The synthesis of cis- and trans-2-bromo-1,2-difluoro-NN-bistrifluoromethylvinylamine is described.
N,N-Dialkylated monophenolic trans-2-phenylcyclopropylamines: novel central 5-hydroxytryptamine-receptor agonists (1988)

N,N-Dialkylated monophenolic derivatives of trans-2-phenylcyclopropylamine were synthesized and tested for central 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) receptor stimulating activity by use of a biochemical test method in rats. A hydroxy substituent in the 2- or 3-position of the phenyl ring was required for 5-HT-receptor stimulation. N,N-Diethyl or N,N-di-n-propyl substitution gave the most potent 5-HT-receptor agonists. The 4-hydroxy and 3,4-dihydroxy derivatives of trans-2-phenyl-N,N-di-n-propylcyclopropylamine were inactive at central DA and 5-HT receptors. In contrast, the corresponding 3-hydroxy derivative 18 and some of its derivatives weakly affected both DA and NE synthesis. Two of the most potent 5-HT-receptor agonists, trans-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-N,N-di-n-propylcyclopropylamine (8) and the 3-hydroxy isomer 18 were resolved into the enantiomers. The 1R,2S enantiomers of 8 and 18 displayed 5-HT activity, while the 1S,2R enantiomers were inactive. Compound (1R,2S)-18, but not (1R,2S)-8, weakly affected rat brain DA and NE synthesis.
A scalable bit-sequential SIMD array for nearest-neighbor classification using the city-block metric (2002)

We present a fully scalable SIMD array architecture for a most efficient implementation of pattern classification by nearest-neighbor algorithms using the city-block metric. The elementary accumulator cell is highly optimized for a sequential accumulation of absolute integer differences, so that several hundreds of them can be easily integrated on a single chip. A two-dimensional M/spl times/N array structure, reflecting an inherent two-fold data parallelism of the applications, reduces the data transfer to off-chip memory from O(M/spl times/N) to O(M+N). Here, we discuss the realization of a VLSI structure, the system architecture, and large networks of associative blocks as possible applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A design and experimental verification methodology for an energy harvester skin structure (2011)

This paper presents a design and experimental verification methodology for energy harvesting (EH) skin, which opens up a practical and compact piezoelectric energy harvesting concept. In the past, EH research has primarily focused on the design improvement of a cantilever-type EH device. However, such EH devices require additional space for proof mass and fixture and sometimes result in significant energy loss as the clamping condition becomes loose. Unlike the cantilever-type device, the proposed design is simply implemented by laminating a thin piezoelectric patch onto a vibrating structure. The design methodology proposed, which determines a highly efficient piezoelectric material distribution, is composed of two tasks: (i) topology optimization and (ii) shape optimization of the EH material. An outdoor condensing unit is chosen as a case study among many engineered systems with harmonic vibrating configuration. The proposed design methodology determined an optimal PZT material configuration on the outdoor unit skin structure. The designed EH skin was carefully prototyped to demonstrate that it can generate power up to 3.7 mW, which is sustainable for operating wireless sensor units for structural health monitoring and/or building automation.
Laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing of metals; physics, computational, and materials challenges (2015)

The production of metal parts via laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing is growing exponentially. However, the transition of this technology from production of prototypes to production of critical parts is hindered by a lack of confidence in the quality of the part. Confidence can be established via a fundamental understanding of the physics of the process. It is generally accepted that this understanding will be increasingly achieved through modeling and simulation. However, there are significant physics, computational, and materials challenges stemming from the broad range of length and time scales and temperature ranges associated with the process. In this paper, we review the current state of the art and describe the challenges that need to be met to achieve the desired fundamental understanding of the physics of the process.
A new multi-variance method for the oscillator noise analysis (2003)

Since the noise altering the output signal of oscillators may be modeled as power laws in the spectral density of frequency deviation, the oscillator noise analysis is the measurement of the level of each power law noise. The principle of this new multivariance method consists in obtaining the noise type contributions with different variances and different integration time values. The data obtained from the different variances with the different integration times are then operated simultaneously. The most probable measurement, in the sense of the least squares is obtained for each type of noise. This method lends itself to estimation of uncertainty of the noise type contribution measurement, taking into account the dispersion of the variance results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEOSIDES, XXIV. IMPROVED SYNTHESES OF LUMAZINE NUCLEOSIDES (1977)

Abstract In vergleichenden Untersuchungen werden Lumazine, wie z.B. (I), als Silyloxyderivate (II) bzw. (VI) nach verschiedenen Methoden ribosidiert.
Web based collaborative visualization of distributed and parallel simulation (1999)

This paper presents an interaction model to support collaborative scientific visualization. Relevant prior work is presented to contextualize the model and its import. An implementation of the model is presented within a collaborative system that supports flexible collaborative coupling of multi-user applications. An example application is presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the model. The implementation is Web based, fully supports multi-user interfaces, uses VRML and compresed VRML for three dimensional graphic display, and is implemented in Java with CORBA support for external server access. An example experiment involving multiple users is described.
Sharing of Semantically Enhanced Information for the Adaptive Execution of Business Processes (2013)

Motivated from the Context Aware Computing, and more particularly from the Data-Driven Process Adaptation approach, we propose the Semantic Context Space (SCS) Engine which aims to facilitate the provision of adaptable business processes. The SCS Engine provides a space which stores semantically annotated data and it is open to other processes, systems, and external sources for information exchange. The specified implementation is inspired from the Semantic TupleSpace and uses the JavaSpace Service of the Jini Framework (changed to Apache River lately) as an underlying basis. The SCS Engine supplies an interface where a client can execute the following operations: (i) write: which inserts in the space available information along with its respective meta-information, (ii) read: which retrieves from the space information which meets specific meta-information constrains, and (iii) take: which retrieves and simultaneously deletes from the space information which meets specific meta-information constrains. In terms of this thesis the available types of meta-information are based on ontologies described in RDFS or WSML. The applicability of the SCS Engine implementation in the context of data-driven process adaptation has been ensured by an experimental evaluation of the provided operations. Ultimately, we refer to open issues which could be addressed to enrich the proposed Engine with additional features.
Sugar transport. 2nducer exclusion and regulation of the melibiose, maltose, glycerol, and lactose transport systems by the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system. (1976)

The bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) can repress the synthesis of certain catabolic enzyme systems in Salmonelly typhimurium and Escherichia coli. The present studies are concerned with an explanation of PTS-mediated repression by studying induction of the catabolic systems required for utilization of the non-PTS sugars glycerol, maltose, melibiose, and lactose. Repression of synthesis of these enzyme systems by various concentrations of PTS sugars was studied in wild type cells, in pts mutants, and in pts crr double mutants described in the accompanying reports (Saier, M. H., Jr., Simoni, R. D., and Roseman, S (1976) J. Biol. Chem. 251, 6584-6597: Saier, M. H., Jr., and Roseman, S. (1976) J. Biol. Chem., 6598-6605). The extent of repression was found to correlate with the degree of inhibition of uptake of the inducing non-PTS sugars. In both uninduced cells and cells fully induced for the respective transport system listed above, PTS sugars inhibited these transport systems. With both induced and uninduced cell types pts mutants were much more sensitive than wild type cells, while pts crr double mutants were completely resistant to the effects of the PTS sugars. Kinetic studies with the fully induced cells indicated that inhibition of transport by PTS sugars was reversible, that it affected the Vmax rather than the Km of entry, and that PTS sugars did not inhibit the efflux of the non-PTS sugars. These and other results indicate that inhibition did not result from competition between the PTS and non-PTS sugars for the transport systems, nor to competition for metabolic energy. Inhibition appears to require interaction of the PTS sugar with its membrane-bound Enzyme II complex, but whether concomitant uptake and phosphorylation of trace quantities of the PTS sugars is also required remains to be determined.
Thin Ply Composites (2005)

Large tows of carbon fiber can be spread by a simple, non-intrusive process from which plies down to 1/6 of the conventional 5-mil thickness can be obtained. Laminates made from such plies showed remarkable resistance to micro cracking, delamination and splitting under both static and fatigue loading. With thick-thin ply hybrids, superior performance, lower cost and lower minimum gage can all lead to applications not feasible with 5-mil thick plies.
Differences in the leucine aminopeptidase activity in extracts from human prostatic carcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia (1991)

Extracts of tissue showed that prostatic carcinomas contain less leucine aminopeptidase activity than benign prostatic hyperplasia. This is true when activity is expressed as specific activity (P = 0.0033), specific activity/% epithelium (P = 0.0007), activity/wet weight of tissue (P = 0.0028), or activity/wet weight of tissue/% epithelium (P = 0.0005). Almost all histochemically demonstrable activity is located in the epithelium. Enzymatic activities in extracts and in histochemical preparations showed similar differences between carcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia and were related (R = -0.38, P = 0.0400) to Gleason's grades. The transurethrally resected prostate cancers studied contained no well-differentiated tumors and a high proportion of poorly differentiated tumors. Histochemical activity is absent in most prostatic carcinomas and decreased in others. This observation is particularly interesting in view of the growing knowledge of tumor suppressor genes.
Enhanced Culture Assay for Detection and Quantitation of Latently Infected, Resting CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T-Cells Carrying Replication-Competent Virus in HIV-1-Infected Individuals (2005)

Highly active antiretroviral therapy can decrease plasma HIV-1 levels to below the limit of detection. However, HIV-1 persists in latently infected resting-memory CD4+ T-cells carrying an integrated copy of the viral genome. The pool of latently infected cells is extremely stable and represents a major barrier to HIV-1 eradication. Identification and characterization of this reservoir required the development of methods for purifying resting CD4+ T-cells from HIV-1-infected individuals, activating the cells to induce virus production, and detecting and quantitating cells capable of releasing infectious virus. The development of an enhanced viral culture assay to quantitate the number of latently infected cells carrying replication competent virus is described here.