gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molsidomine for the prevention of vasospasm-related delayed ischemic neurological deficits and delayed brain infarction and the improvement of clinical outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a single-center clinical observational study (2015)

OBJECT Delayed ischemic neurological deficits (DINDs) and cerebral vasospasm (CVS) are responsible fora poor outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), most likely because of a decreased availability of nitric oxide (NO) in the cerebral microcirculation. In this study, the authors examined the effects of treatment with the NO donor molsidomine with regard to decreasing the incidence of spasm-related delayed brain infarctions and improving clinical outcome in patients with SAH. METHODS Seventy-four patients with spontaneous aneurysmal SAH were included in this post hoc analysis. Twenty-nine patients with SAH and proven CVS received molsidomine in addition to oral or intravenous nimodipine. Control groups consisted of 25 SAH patients with proven vasospasm and 20 SAH patients without. These patients received nimodipine therapy alone. Cranial computed tomography (CCT) before and after treatment was analyzed for CVS-related infarcts. A modified National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (mNIHSS) and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were used to assess outcomes at a 3-month clinical follow-up. RESULTS Four of the 29 (13.8%) patients receiving molsidomine plus nimodipine and 22 of the 45 (48%) patients receiving nimodipine therapy alone developed vasospasm-associated brain infarcts (p < 0.01). Follow-up revealed a median mNIHSS score of 3.0 and a median mRS score of 2.5 in the molsidomine group compared with scores of 11.5 and 5.0, respectively, in the nimodipine group with CVS (p < 0.001). One patient in the molsidomine treatment group died, and 12 patients in the standard care group died (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS In this post hoc analysis, patients with CVS who were treated with intravenous molsidomine had a significant improvement in clinical outcome and less cerebral infarction. Molsidomine offers a promising therapeutic option in patients with severe SAH and CVS and should be assessed in a prospective study.
Augmented Mobile Devices through Cyber Foraging (2011)

There is increased demand to run applications on mobile devices in recent years. Although many of these alluring applications are resource-intensive, they expect to get the same performance on mobile devices as on powerful non-mobile computers. On the other hand, considerations such as weight, size, and mobility impose constraints on mobile devices and restrict their processor speed, memory size and battery lifetime. Cyber foraging ameliorates this performance disparity by utilizing nearby non-mobile computers called surrogates to run the whole or parts of applications, which are offloaded from mobile devices. However, cyber foraging is not suitable for all circumstances. In this paper, we propose a mechanism to determine the best location, either a mobile device or best surrogate(s) around, to run an application by calculating the cost of offloading the task of running the application to each location according to the context's metrics such as specifications of mobile device, surrogates, network, and application. Experimental results show that our proposed mechanism almost always selects the best one between local execution of the application on the mobile device and task offloading to surrogate(s) according to the current input size of the application, with respect to latency and energy consumption.
Maize Somatic Embryogenesis: Recent Features to Improve Plant Regeneration (2012)

Plant regeneration capacity is maintained through the life of a plant by the stem cell niche present in the meristems. Stem cells are capable of differentiating into any plant organ, allowing propagation of new plants by different techniques. Among them, somatic embryogenesis is a widely used technique characterized by a complex process that involves coordinated expression of genes, mediated by the influence of specific hormones, nutrients, stress, and/or environmental signals. This tool is particularly relevant in the propagation of genetically improved crops. The intrinsic embryogenic potential of the explant used as starting material for plant in vitro cultures varies depending on the genotype of each plant species. Particularly in maize, the regeneration capacity is lost during the course of tissue maturation, since embryogenic callus (E) is almost exclusively obtained from immature zygotic embryos. In this chapter, the latest advances in the literature for maize somatic embryogenesis process are reviewed. Further, a detailed procedure for maize plant regeneration from E callus is described. The callus obtained from immature zygotic embryos is capable to generate somatic embryos that germinate and develop into fertile normal plants.
The effect of storage time and freeze-thaw cycles on the stability of serum samples (2013)

As a result, common clinical chemistry analytes, with considering the variability of unstable analytes, showed adequote stability after 3 months of storage in sera at -20 degrees C, or up to ten times of freeze-thaw cycle. All the same, such analysis can only be performed for exceptional cases, and this should be taken into account while planning studies.
Semaphore queues: modeling multilayered window flow control mechanisms (1990)

An open queuing network for analyzing multilayered window flow control mechanisms consisting of different subnetworks is presented. The number of customers in each subnetwork is controlled by a semaphore queue. The queuing network is analyzed approximately using decomposition and aggregation. The approximation was validated against exact numerical and simulation data, and it was found to have an acceptable relative error. The queuing model is easy to implement, and it can be included in a software package. Using this queuing network, a case study involving the modeling and analysis of the ISO X25 flow control mechanism is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Computational and Experimental Analysis of Spacecraft Propellant Tanks Implemented with Flexible Diaphragms (2013)

Oscillating liquid propellant within a spacecraft’s propellant tank is of concern when considering the attitude stability of the vehicle. As the oscillating liquid comes into contact with the sidewalls of the propellant tank, it releases small amounts of kinetic energy on the molecular level. The totality of this energy dissipation produces small forces and torques on the sidewalls of the tank resulting from the “fuel slosh”; namely the oscillating movement of liquid propellant taking place on the surface of the liquid. Fuel slosh, if not properly mitigated, has the ability to threaten the spacecraft’s attitude control system (ACS) and compromise the validity of the spacecraft. Thus, initial spacecraft design requirements incorporate propellant management devices (PMD’s) such as diaphragms into the propellant tanks. The diaphragms couple to the surface of the liquid and dampen the fuel slosh as it is taking place. Current research is directed at computationally modeling spherical propellant tanks implemented with an ATK flexible diaphragm. Upon acquiring sufficient and acceptable results from computational tests, similar models are created for experimental testing in the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Fuel Slosh Test Facility. Using the single axis linear actuator and fuel tank set-up in the test facility, experimental simulations are conducted with the intent to replicate the respective computational simulations. The research investigation aims at accurately correlating the results of the computational simulations with the results of the experimental tests. Similar results between the two types of simulations would add validity to computational methods becoming the primary means for modeling fuel slosh in initial spacecraft design. Additionally, by collecting data from a wide range of tests, the ERAU fuel slosh database can be populated with new results and correlations can be made from past and current simulations to better understand fuel slosh and its adverse effects on spacecraft.
Improving Position Accuracy of Robot Manipulators Using Neural Networks (2006)

A neural network algorithm is proposed to estimate the positional errors in a robot manipulator calibration process. The position errors at various points within the calibration space are first obtained by a camera or other measurement devices. A window consisted of multiple cells surrounding the interpolated position is used to form the input and output pairs of training data set. A neural network model is utilized to extract the local feature of the error surface. The target pose is then compensated by the position errors obtained by neural network model. Numerical experiment is performed based on a common industrial setup. A significant improvement in accuracy is obtained by the proposed techniques in comparison with traditional analytical methods.
Harsh environments : space radiation environment, effects, and mitigation (2008)

Radiation effects in solid-state microelectronics can be split into two general categories: cumulative effects and single-event effects (SEEs). Cumulative effects produce gradual changes in the operational parameters of the devices, whereas SEEs cause abrupt changes or transient behavior in circuits. The space radiation environment provides a multitude of trapped, solar, and cosmic ray charged particles that cause such effects, interfere with space-system operation, and, in some cases, threaten the survival of such space systems. This article will describe these effects and how their impact may be mitigated in silicon-based microcircuits.
Een zendmast in je tuin kan geen kwaad (2010)

Bij de Fysicawinkel krijgen particulieren en kleine bedrijven tegen een geringe vergoeding antwoord op hun natuurkundige vragen. Onlangs konden de 'winkeliers' de buurtvereniging van het Veldhovense Zeelst geruststellen: de nieuwe tv-mast in hun wijk zendt zijn straling op vellige hoogte boven hun hoofden uit.
Patch-Based Image Inpainting via Two-Stage Low Rank Approximation (2017)

To recover the corrupted pixels, traditional inpainting methods based on low-rank priors generally need to solve a convex optimization problem by an iterative singular value shrinkage algorithm. In this paper, we propose a simple method for image inpainting using low rank approximation, which avoids the time-consuming iterative shrinkage. Specifically, if similar patches of a corrupted image are identified and reshaped as vectors, then a patch matrix can be constructed by collecting these similar patch-vectors. Due to its columns being highly linearly correlated, this patch matrix is low-rank. Instead of using an iterative singular value shrinkage scheme, the proposed method utilizes low rank approximation with truncated singular values to derive a closed-form estimate for each patch matrix. Depending upon an observation that there exists a distinct gap in the singular spectrum of patch matrix, the rank of each patch matrix is empirically determined by a heuristic procedure. Inspired by the inpainting algorithms with component decomposition, a two-stage low rank approximation (TSLRA) scheme is designed to recover image structures and refine texture details of corrupted images. Experimental results on various inpainting tasks demonstrate that the proposed method is comparable and even superior to some state-of-the-art inpainting algorithms.
Analysis of Malware Behaviour: Using Data Mining Clustering Techniques to Support Forensics Investigation (2014)

The proliferation of malware in recent times have accounted for the increase in computer crimes and prompted for a more aggressive research into improved investigative strategies, to keep up with the menace. Recent techniques and tools that have been developed and adopted to keep up in an arms race with malware authors who have resorted to the use of evasive techniques to avoid analysis during investigation is an on-going concern. Exploring dynamic analysis is unarguably, a positive step to supporting static evidence with malware dynamic behaviour logs. In view of this, analysing this huge generated reports raises concerns about speed, accuracy and performance. This research proposes an Automated Malware Investigative Framework Model, a component based approach that is designed to support investigation by integrating both malware analysis and data mining clustering techniques as part of an effort to solve the problem of overly generated reports. Thus, grouping analysed suspicious samples that exhibit similar behavioural features to make investigation easy and more intuitive. The focus of this paper however, is on implementing sub-components of the framework that directly deals with the problem at hand.
Fluorescence studies of multiple-photon ionization processes: Four- and five-photon ionization of Sr at wavelengths of 558<i>–</i>590 nm (1989)

An ``all-optical'' technique is presented for the study of multiphoton-ionization processes, based on fluorescence detection of the ions which are produced. A vapor is utilized in a moderate-density regime (\ensuremath{\sim}${10}^{11}$--${10}^{15}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$) such that collisional effects are negligible. The technique is applied to multiple-photon ionization of Sr in the wavelength range of 558--590 nm at laser intensities \ensuremath{\sim}1--50 GW/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$. Fine-structure-resolved emission of the ${\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}$ (5${p}^{2}$${P}_{3/2/,1/d}^{0}$) ions which are formed is observed at \ensuremath{\lambda}=407.8 and 421.5 nm, following either four- or five-photon absorption. No emission is observed from higher ionic states, with a detection sensitivity \ensuremath{\sim}${1:10}^{3}$ with respect to the ionic-resonance emission.
Measurements and Discussion of a Balanced Photonic Link Utilizing Dual-Core Optical Fiber (2019)

The use of dual-core optical fibers in balanced photonic links is explored. The gain and noise performance improvements are demonstrated. The optical crosstalk is measured as a function of frequency, and the balanced phase tolerance as a function of temperature is discussed.
Human Lumbosacral Spinal Cord Interprets Loading During Stepping (1997)

Studies suggest that the human lumbosacral spinal cord can generate steplike oscillating electromyographic (EMG) patterns, but it remains unclear to what degree these efferent patterns depend on the phasic peripheral sensory information associated with bilateral limb movements and loading. We examined the role of sensory information related to lower-extremity weight bearing in modulating the efferent motor patterns of spinal-cord-injured (SCI) subjects during manually assisted stepping on a treadmill. Four nonambulatory subjects, each with a chronic thoracic spinal cord injury, and two nondisabled subjects were studied. The level of loading, EMG patterns, and kinematics of the lower limbs were studied during manually assisted or unassisted stepping on a treadmill with body weight support. The relationships among lumbosacral motor pool activity [soleus (SOL), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and tibialis anterior (TA)], limb load, muscle-tendon length, and velocity of muscle-tendon length change were examined. The EMG mean amplitude of the SOL, MG, and TA was directly related to the peak load per step on the lower limb during locomotion. The effects on the EMG amplitude were qualitatively similar in subjects with normal, partial, or no detectable supraspinal input. Responses were most consistent in the SOL and MG at load levels of < 50% of a subject's body weight. The modulation of the EMG amplitude from the SOL and MG, both across steps and within a step, was more closely associated with limb peak load than muscle-tendon stretch or the velocity of muscle-tendon stretch. Thus stretch reflexes were not the sole source of the phasic EMG activity in flexors and extensors during manually assisted stepping in SCI subjects. The EMG amplitude within a step was highly dependent on the phase of the step cycle regardless of level of load. These data suggest that level of loading on the lower limbs provides cues that enable the human lumbosacral spinal cord to modulate efferent output in a manner that may facilitate the generation of stepping. These data provide a rationale for gait rehabilitation strategies that utilize the level of load-bearing stepping to enhance the locomotor capability of SCI subjects.
Synthesis of Intermediates for the Lactone Moiety of Mevinic Acids via Tellurium Chemistry (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Intermediates for the Lactone Moiety of Mevinic Acids via Tellurium ChemistryArchana Kumar and Donald C. DittmerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 17, 4760–4764Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00096a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00096a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views438Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A family of design patterns for application-level gateways (1996)

Developers of communication software must confront recurring design challenges involving robustness, efficiency, and extensibility. Many of these challenges are independent of the application-specific requirements. Successful developers resolve these challenges by applying appropriate design patterns. However, these patterns have traditionally been locked in the minds of expert developers or buried within complex system source code. The primary contribution of this article is to describe a family of design patterns that underlie many object-oriented communication software systems. In addition to describing each pattern separately, the article illustrates how knowledge of the relationships and trade-offs among patterns helps guide the construction of reusable communication software frameworks. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Generation of Replication-Defective Virus-Based Vaccines That Confer Full Protection in Sheep against Virulent Bluetongue Virus Challenge (2011)

The reverse genetics technology for bluetongue virus (BTV) has been used in combination with complementing cell lines to recover defective BTV-1 mutants. To generate a potential disabled infectious single cycle (DISC) vaccine strain, we used a reverse genetics system to rescue defective virus strains with large deletions in an essential BTV gene that encodes the VP6 protein (segment S9) of the internal core. Four VP6-deficient BTV-1 mutants were generated by using a complementing cell line that provided the VP6 protein in trans. Characterization of the growth properties of mutant viruses showed that each mutant has the necessary characteristics for a potential vaccine strain: (i) viral protein expression in noncomplementing mammalian cells, (ii) no infectious virus generated in noncomplementing cells, and (iii) efficient replication in the complementing VP6 cell line. Further, a defective BTV-8 strain was made by reassorting the two RNA segments that encode the two outer capsid proteins (VP2 and VP5) of a highly pathogenic BTV-8 with the remaining eight RNA segments of one of the BTV-1 DISC viruses. The protective capabilities of BTV-1 and BTV-8 DISC viruses were assessed in sheep by challenge with specific virulent strains using several assay systems. The data obtained from these studies demonstrated that the DISC viruses are highly protective and could offer a promising alternative to the currently available attenuated and killed virus vaccines and are also compliant as DIVA (differentiating infected from vaccinated animals) vaccines.
Integrity of the network sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle requires small ankyrin 1 (2011)

Small ankyrin 1 (sAnk1; Ank1.5) is a ~20 kDa protein of striated muscle that concentrates in the network compartment of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (nSR). We used siRNA targeted to sAnk1 to assess its role in organizing the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of skeletal myofibers in vitro. siRNA reduced sAnk1 mRNA and protein levels and disrupted the organization of the remaining sAnk1. Sarcomeric proteins were unchanged, but two other proteins of the nSR, SERCA and sarcolipin, decreased significantly in amount and segregated into distinct structures containing sarcolipin and sAnk1, and SERCA, respectively. Exogenous sAnk1 restored SERCA to its normal distribution. Ryanodine receptors and calsequestrin in the junctional SR, and L-type Ca(2+) channels in the transverse tubules were not reduced, although their striated organization was mildly altered. Consistent with the loss of SERCA, uptake and release of Ca(2+) were significantly inhibited. Our results show that sAnk1 stabilizes the nSR and that its absence causes the nSR to fragment into distinct membrane compartments.
<title>Performance improvement of a laser communication link incorporating adaptive optics</title> (1998)

Adaptive optics can be used to improve the performance of a near-ground laser communication link by reducing intensity scintillation of an optical carrier collected by a down- range receiver. Such an adaptive optics system may include a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor to measure the wavefront of a beacon laser, and a deformable mirror to apply the appropriate conjugate wavefront to a transmitted communication beam. In this paper, we investigate the performance of such an adaptive optics system using multiple phase screen Monte Carlo computer simulations. Specifically, we consider the effects of intensity dynamic range of the wavefront sensor and of the aperture size of the adaptive optics on the mean and variance of the received intensity.
Optimal feature learning and discriminative framework for polarimetric thermal to visible face recognition (2016)

A face recognition system capable of day- and night-time operation is highly desirable for surveillance and reconnaissance. Polarimetric thermal imaging is ideal for such applications, as it acquires emitted radiation from skin tissue. However, polarimetric thermal facial imagery must be matched to visible face images for interoperability with existing biometric databases. This work proposes a novel framework for polarimetric thermal-to-visible face recognition, where polarimetric features are optimally combined to facilitate training of a discriminant classifier. We evaluate its performance on imagery collected under different expressions and at different ranges, and compare with recent deep perceptual mapping, coupled neural network, and partial least squares techniques for cross-spectrum face matching.