gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimating Angle-of-Arrival and Time-of-Flight for Multipath Components Using WiFi Channel State Information (2018)

Channel state information (CSI) collected during WiFi packet transmissions can be used for localization of commodity WiFi devices in indoor environments with multipath propagation. To this end, the angle of arrival (AoA) and time of flight (ToF) for all dominant multipath components need to be estimated. A two-dimensional (2D) version of the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm has been shown to solve this problem using 2D grid search, which is computationally expensive and is therefore not suited for real-time localisation. In this paper, we propose using a modified matrix pencil (MMP) algorithm instead. Specifically, we show that the AoA and ToF estimates can be found independently of each other using the one-dimensional (1D) MMP algorithm and the results can be accurately paired to obtain the AoA⁻ToF pairs for all multipath components. Thus, the 2D estimation problem reduces to running 1D estimation multiple times, substantially reducing the computational complexity. We identify and resolve the problem of degenerate performance when two or more multipath components have the same AoA. In addition, we propose a packet aggregation model that uses the CSI data from multiple packets to improve the performance under noisy conditions. Simulation results show that our algorithm achieves two orders of magnitude reduction in the computational time over the 2D MUSIC algorithm while achieving similar accuracy. High accuracy and low computation complexity of our approach make it suitable for applications that require location estimation to run on resource-constrained embedded devices in real time.
Preparation and Characterization of Some Lithium Insertion Anodes for Secondary Lithium Batteries (1990)

The ambient temperature preparation and characterization of , , and with potential applications as alternative anodes for secondary Li batteries are described. Both α and γ forms of were found to insert a maximum of six both electrochemically and chemically. The potential plateaus associated with the electrochemical reduction of the two forms of varied slightly. Both and were amorphous and showed a practically useful rechargeable capacity of about 1 equiv of Li at the moderate rate of 0.5 mA/cm2. also loses substantial crystallinity upon Li insertion. However, most of the crystallinity was regained upon removal of this Li. It was found to be capable of cycling nearly 1 equiv of Li at low rates. Several Li‐Al alloys having the structure were prepared at ambient temperature from Al powder and Li‐naphthalide. The rechargeability of the chemically prepared was poor.
Serotonin uptake, storage, and synthesis in an immortalized committed cell line derived from mouse teratocarcinoma. (1990)

We report the isolation and characterization of a serotoninergic cell line, 1C11, derived from a mouse teratocarcinoma. The clone 1C11 was immortalized through the expression of the simian virus 40 oncogenes. 1C11 presents two states: an immature epithelial-like state (1C11 precursor) and a more differentiated state (1C11). After induction by dibutyryl cyclic AMP and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, almost 100% of 1C11 cells continue to divide and have acquired a neural-like phenotype. 1C11* cells coexpress several neural markers, such as synaptophysin (the membrane constituent of synaptic vesicles), the neuropeptide [Met5]enkephalin, and the neurotransmitter serotonin. 1C11* cells store endogenous serotonin and are able to synthesize serotonin from L-tryptophan and to catabolize it by monoamine oxidase B. Moreover, the cells take up serotonin by a carrier-mediated mechanism very similar to that of serotoninergic neurons. The expression of the simian virus 40 oncogenes, which promoted immortalization, does not therefore prevent further differentiation. This inducible cell line constitutes a valuable model for cellular and molecular studies concerning the physiology and the pharmacological modulation of the serotoninergic phenotype.
Efficient FPGA Implementation of Softmax Function for DNN Applications (2018)

Deep learning, as a significant class of machine learning, is a rapidly expanding research field with immense potential. Particularly, deep neural networks (DNN), spawning millions of applications including image and speech recognition, natural language processing, have gained global research attention. A DNN is an artificial neural network with multiple layers between input and output layers. The Softmax function is often used in the final layer of DNN-based classifier. Softmax function contains massive exponential and division operations, resulting in high resource usage when implemented as hardware. In this paper we present an efficient hardware implementation of Softmax function with 16-bit fixed-point input and output. During Softmax calculation, we exploit the combination of lookup table and multi-segment linear fitting to handle the exponential operations of integer and fractional parts, respectively. Furthermore, we adopt radix-4 Booth-Wallace-based 6-stage pipeline multiplier and modified shift-compare divider for high efficiency. The overall architecture features a 13-stage pipelined design, in order to improve the operating frequency. Our proposed FPGA implementation attains the precision of magnitude of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> , and the frequencies of FPGA and ASIC implementation (45nm technology) reach 396.040MHz and 3.3GHz, respectively.
Cryomilling as environmentally friendly synthesis route to prepare nanomaterials (2020)

The milling of materials at cryogenic temperature has gained importance both in academic as well as the industrial community in the last two decades, primarily because of distinct advantages of this technique as compared to milling at room temperature; environmental friendly nature, cost-effectiveness, rapid grain refinement, less contamination, and large scale production capability of various nanomaterials. Scientifically, milling at cryo-temperature exhibits several distinct material related phenomena; suppression of recovery and recrystallisation, predominant fracture over cold welding, significantly low oxidation, and contamination, leading to rapid grain refinement. Cryomilling has extensively been used to obtain finer scale powder of spices for the preservation of aroma, medicines for effective dissolution, or amorphisation. It has been considered an environmentally friendly process as it utilises benign liquid nitrogen or argon without discharging any toxic entity. The present review is intended to provide various scientific as well as technological aspects of cryomilling, environmental impact, and future direction.
Asparagine transaminase from rat liver. (1977)

The apparent K, for glycylglycine was found
The Use of Antimalarial Drugs against Viral Infection (2020)

In recent decades, drugs used to treat malaria infection have been shown to be beneficial for many other diseases, including viral infections. In particular, they have received special attention due to the lack of effective antiviral drugs against new emerging viruses (i.e., HIV, dengue virus, chikungunya virus, Ebola virus, etc.) or against classic infections due to drug-resistant viral strains (i.e., human cytomegalovirus). Here, we reviewed the in vitro/in vivo and clinical studies conducted to evaluate the antiviral activities of four classes of antimalarial drugs: Artemisinin derivatives, aryl-aminoalcohols, aminoquinolines, and antimicrobial drugs.
Demonstration of an InGaN/GaN-based optically pumped multiquantum well distributed feedback laser using holographically defined third-order gratings (1998)

We demonstrate an optically pumped InGaN/GaN-based multiquantum well distributed feedback laser in the blue spectral region. The third-order grating providing feedback was defined holographically and dry etched into the upper waveguiding layer by chemically assisted ion-beam etching. When aligning the stripe-shaped pump beam either parallel or perpendicular to the grating grooves, we found a considerably lower pumping threshold, higher slope efficiency, a slightly longer emission wavelength, and a much narrower linewidth for the geometry with the pump beam orthogonal to the grating lines. A nearly constant emission wavelength of 400.85 nm and a linewidth of 0.7 Å were observed under various pump intensities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the narrowest linewidth ever reported for an optically pumped device in this material system.
Prioritized token-based mutual exclusion for distributed systems (2002)

A number of solutions have been proposed for the problem of mutual exclusion in distributed systems. Some of these approaches have since been extended to a prioritized environment suitable for real-time applications but impose a higher message passing overhead than our approach. We present a new protocol for prioritized mutual exclusion in a distributed environment. Our approach uses a token-based model working on a logical tree structure, which is dynamically modified. In addition, we utilize a set of local queues whose union would resemble a single global queue. Furthermore, our algorithm is designed for out-of-order message delivery, handles messages asynchronously and supports multiple requests from one node for multi-threaded nodes. The prioritized algorithm has an average overhead of O(log(n)) messages per request for mutual exclusion with a worst-case overhead of O(n), where n represents the number of nodes in the system. Thus, our prioritized algorithm matches the message complexity of the best non-prioritized algorithms while previous prioritized algorithms have a higher message complexity, to our knowledge. Our concept of local queues can be incorporated into arbitrary token-based protocols with or without priority support to reduce the amount of messages. Performance results indicate that the additional functionality of our algorithm comes at the cost of 30% longer response times within our test environment for distributed execution when compared with an unprioritized algorithm. This result suggests that the algorithm should be used when strict priority ordering is required.
Urinary N-acetyl- beta-D-glucosaminidase activities in patients with renal disease. (1975)

Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities were assayed in every urine void throughout 24 hours in 17 normal people and in four patients with renal disease. The variation in NAG activity due to changing rates of urine flow was almost eliminated by factoring enzyme activity by the urinary creatinine concentration. Random samples of urine may thus be used for assay. The results of NAG assay in 36 patients with acute and chronic renal diseases showed that NAG was a sensitive indicator of renal damage. This simple test may be valuable in detecting or monitoring renal disease.
The role of movement in the development of a digital flexor tendon (1977)

D-tubocurarine was injected into the air sac of 8-day chick embryos to prevent movement of the digits of the hind limb. The embryos were paralyzed from the tenth to the eighteenth day, when the experiment was terminated. The immobilization of the flexor digitorum profundus tendons in the tarsus resulted in a loss of specialized structures around and on this tendon, as determined by light and electron microscopy. Specialized areas observed in the normal chick (synovial cavity, fibrocartilaginous area, and elastic vinculum) failed to form, as a result of the paralysis of the digit. Several authors have shown previously that movement is a requirement for the molding and maintenance of joint cavities in vivo, in ovo and in vitro (see text for references). We have shown that movement of the tendon is required to produce a functional tendon apparatus in the embryo and predict that movement is also required for regeneration after injury.
Multiple Linear Regression for Index SNP Selection on Unphased Genotypes (2006)

The search for the association between complex diseases and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) or haplotypes has recently received great attention. Recent successes in high throughput genotyping technologies drastically increase the length of available SNP sequences. This elevates the importance for the use of a small subset of informative SNPs, called index SNPs, accurately representing the rest of the SNPs (i.e., the rest of the SNPs can be highly predicted from the index SNPs). Index SNP selection achieves the compaction of huge unphased genotype data (obtained, e.g., from Affimetrix Map Array) in order to make feasible fine genotype analysis. In this paper we propose a novel index SNP selection on unphased genotypes based on multiple linear regression (MLR) SNP prediction. We measure the quality of our index SNP selection algorithm by comparing actual SNPs with the SNPs computationally predicted from chosen index SNPs. We obtain an extremely good prediction rates and compression. For example, for region ENm010 (123 SNPs), we can use 2% of SNPs for representing all SNPs with 93.5% accuracy. An experimental study on 4 ENCODE regions from HapMap shows that our method uses significantly fewer index SNPs (e.g., up to two times less index SNPs to reach 90% prediction accuracy) than the state-of-the-art method of Halperin et al. for genotypes.
A quantitative description of the activation and inhibition of CFTR by potentiators: Genistein (2005)

The CFTR, encoded by the gene mutated in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, is responsible for cAMP dependent chloride transport in epithelia. Substances that activate CFTR have been suggested as possible CF therapy. Most substances investigated so far exert a dual effect on the CFTR: low concentrations stimulate CFTR, whereas higher concentrations inhibit CFTR. Besides, the CFTR phosphorylation level determines the apparent affinity of the drug. We have studied the properties of genistein, the well known CFTR potentiator, by measuring apical membrane current on epithelia formed by cells stably transfected with CFTR and stimulated with different concentrations of CPTcAMP. We propose a quantitative model to describe the activatory and inhibitory effect of genistein, accounting also for the cAMP dependent activation.
Optical Single Sideband Modulation Using Strong Optical Injection-Locked Semiconductor Lasers (2007)

We report on the experimental demonstration of optical single sideband (SSB) modulation using a directly modulated semiconductor laser under strong optical injection-locking. Modulation sidebands with 15-dB power ratio between the lower and upper sidebands have been achieved. The longer wavelength sideband is resonantly amplified by the injection-locked laser cavity mode. The radio-frequency performance of the optical SSB after 80-km fiber transmission is significantly improved compared with a typical symmetric sideband modulation of a free-running laser. A 622-Mb/s data transmission on a 20-GHz subcarrier is demonstrated over an 80-km fiber link.
Rigid-Body Attitude Control (2011)

Rigid-body attitude control is motivated by aerospace applications that involve attitude maneuvers or attitude stabilization. The set of attitudes of a rigid body is the set of 3 X 3 orthogonal matrices whose determinant is one. This set is the configuration space of rigid-body attitude motion; however, this configuration space is not Euclidean. Since the set of attitudes is not a Euclidean space, attitude control is typically studied using various attitude parameterizations. Motivated by the desire to represent attitude both globally and uniquely in the analysis of rigid-body rotational motion, this article uses orthogonal matrices exclusively to represent attitude and to develop results on rigid-body attitude control. An advantage of using orthogonal matrices is that these control results, which include open-loop attitude control maneuvers and stabilization using continuous feedback control, do not require reinterpretation on the set of attitudes viewed as orthogonal matrices. The main objec tive of this article is to demonstrate how to characterize properties of attitude control systems for arbitrary attitude maneuvers without using attitude parameterizations.
Effects of omega-3 carboxylic acids on lipoprotein particles and other cardiovascular risk markers in high-risk statin-treated patients with residual hypertriglyceridemia: a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial (2015)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01408303.
Coping with the disfiguring effects of vitiligo: A preliminary investigation into the effects of cognitive‐behavioural therapy (1999)

Vitiligo is a progressive condition involving a loss of pigmentation in the skin; it can be disfiguring and no effective treatment or cure exists. Although vitiligo's medical effects have been studied extensively, little attention has been paid to its psychological impact or to the effects of psychological state on the illness itself. To address these issues, the present study examined the effect of cognitive behavioural therapy on coping with vitiligo and adaptation to the negative effects on body image, quality of life and self-esteem in adult patients. The study also examined whether any psychological gains acquired from psychological therapy would influence the progression of the condition itself. Two matched groups of vitiligo patients were compared, one of which received cognitive-behavioural therapy over a period of 8 weeks, while the other received no changes to their treatment status. All patients were assessed on self-esteem, body image and quality of life, prior to, immediately following and 5 months following the end of therapy. The progression of the condition was assessed by photographing patients prior to the start of counselling and 5 months following counselling. Results suggest that patients can benefit from cognitive behavioural therapy in terms of coping and living with vitiligo. There is also preliminary evidence to suggest that psychological therapy may have a positive effect on the progression of the condition itself. Implications for incorporating psychological counselling into patient care and management are discussed.
A scalable architecture for performance measurement in broadband networks (2015)

Given the competitive nature of the broadband network market, providing better service to consumers in terms of measurably superior end-user experience is crucial for Internet Service providers (ISPs). The large scale and heterogeneity of network infrastructure pose a challenge in collecting data and in assessing performance metrics in such a system of systems. This paper presents our broad architecture called the Network Measurement and Monitoring Architecture (NMMA) and some key implementation details for the measurement of network performance metrics, their collection, aggregation, analysis and presentation. The work presented here was performed for a major ISP and complements the draft standards proposed by the Internet Engineering Task Force's working group on Large-Scale Measurement of Broadband Performance (IETF-LMAP). Our NMMA architectural framework and implementation details expand on the IETF-LMAP working group's framework and thus provide a reference implementation. Although not a direct concern of the proposed LMAP draft framework, our implementation also provides guidance for a uniform visual presentation of data collected from the network, for analysis purposes.
Actuation of biologically inspired intelligent robotics using artificial muscles (2003)

Humans throughout history have always sought to mimic the appearance, mobility, functionality, intelligent operation, and thinking processes of biological creatures. Advancements in artificial muscles, artificial intelligence, artificial vision and many other biomimetic related fields are leading to many benefits for humankind. One of the newest among these fields is the artificial muscle, which is the moniker for electroactive polymers. The potential of these materials is enormous and, as challenges are addressed and new effective materials are introduced, capabilities that were considered as science fiction are becoming engineering reality. This paper covers the current state‐of‐the‐art and challenges to make biomimetic robots use artificial muscles.
Limiting laws and counterion condensation in polyelectrolyte solutions. 8. Mixtures of counterions, species selectivity, and valence selectivity (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLimiting laws and counterion condensation in polyelectrolyte solutions. 8. Mixtures of counterions, species selectivity, and valence selectivityGerald S. ManningCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 26, 6654–6661Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150670a030https://doi.org/10.1021/j150670a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views651Altmetric-Citations131LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Nonphotic entrainment of the circadian body temperature rhythm by the selective ORL1 receptor agonist W‐212393 in rats (2005)

We synthesized a small-molecule opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL1) receptor agonist, 2-{3-[1-((1R)-acenaphthen-1-yl)piperidin-4-yl]-2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-benzimidazol-1-yl}-N-methylacetamide (W-212393), and investigated its effect on the circadian body temperature rhythm of rats. W-212393 has high affinity for ORL1 receptors in the rat cerebral cortex and human ORL1 receptors expressed in HEK293 cells with K(i) values of 0.76 and 0.50 nM, respectively. W-212393 concentration-dependently stimulated GTPgamma(35)S binding and its efficacy was similar to nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ), suggesting that W-212393 is a full agonist at ORL1 receptors. W-212393 dose-dependently occupied ORL1 receptors following intraventricular or intraperitoneal administration, suggesting that W-212393 is a brain-penetrating compound. W-212393 (100 nM) and N/OFQ (100 nM) significantly suppressed the activity of spontaneously firing rat suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons. These suppressive effects were blocked by an ORL1 receptor antagonist, J-113397 (1 microM). W-212393 (3 mg kg(-1), i.p.) induced a significant phase advance at circadian time 6 (CT6) and CT9, but not at other CTs. The magnitude of the W-212393 (0.3-3 mg kg(-1), i.p.)-induced phase advance was dose-dependent and greater than those produced by 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (0.3-3 mg kg(-1), i.p.) or melatonin (0.3-3 mg kg(-1), i.p.). The W-212393 (3 mg kg(-1), i.p.)-induced phase advance was antagonized by J-113397 (10 mg kg(-1), i.p.).W-212393 (3 mg kg(-1), i.p.) significantly accelerated the re-entrainment of the body temperature rhythm to a 6 h advanced light-dark cycle. These results indicate that activation of ORL1 receptors contributes to the circadian entrainment and W-212393 may represent an interesting agent for the study of circadian rhythms.