gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Phase 1 Study of Ribavirin in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients (1990)

An open phase 1 study comparing two daily doses of oral ribavirin (1200 and 1600 mg) for 12 weeks was conducted at a single site. Eight human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adult men with lymphadenopathy or early AIDS-related complex (ARC) symptoms were enrolled in each treatment group. No anti-HIV effect was observed as evaluated by coculture of patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells or by the level of serum p24 antigenemia. Neither enhancement of two functional lymphocyte markers (specific antigen-induced blastogenesis or interferon-gamma production) nor reduction in serum beta 2-microglobulins was noted. Mild clinical adverse reactions and anemia were observed in both treatment groups. Significant reductions in total lymphocytes, T lymphocytes (CD2 cells), and T lymphocyte subsets (CD4 and CD8 cells) were most notable in the 1600-mg group. Reduction in the lymphocyte populations was most likely due to a direct ribavirin lymphotoxic effect. These observations indicate that ribavirin had no demonstrable beneficial effect on virologic or immunologic HIV surrogate markers at daily doses associated with adverse reactions.
Data augmentation-assisted deep learning of hand-drawn partially colored sketches for visual search (2017)

In recent years, image databases are growing at exponential rates, making their management, indexing, and retrieval, very challenging. Typical image retrieval systems rely on sample images as queries. However, in the absence of sample query images, hand-drawn sketches are also used. The recent adoption of touch screen input devices makes it very convenient to quickly draw shaded sketches of objects to be used for querying image databases. This paper presents a mechanism to provide access to visual information based on users' hand-drawn partially colored sketches using touch screen devices. A key challenge for sketch-based image retrieval systems is to cope with the inherent ambiguity in sketches due to the lack of colors, textures, shading, and drawing imperfections. To cope with these issues, we propose to fine-tune a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) using augmented dataset to extract features from partially colored hand-drawn sketches for query specification in a sketch-based image retrieval framework. The large augmented dataset contains natural images, edge maps, hand-drawn sketches, de-colorized, and de-texturized images which allow CNN to effectively model visual contents presented to it in a variety of forms. The deep features extracted from CNN allow retrieval of images using both sketches and full color images as queries. We also evaluated the role of partial coloring or shading in sketches to improve the retrieval performance. The proposed method is tested on two large datasets for sketch recognition and sketch-based image retrieval and achieved better classification and retrieval performance than many existing methods.
Multicellular tumor spheroid formation by breast cancer cells isolated from different sites. (1978)

In this paper we investigate and explore the stability and operating regime of modelocking\n(ML) in 4mm long Fabry-Perot type lasers, corresponding to a roundtrip\nfrequency of 10GHz. The devices are fabricated on InAs/InP quantum dot material,\noperating at wavelengths around 1.5um, and are HR-coated at the absorber side. In\norder to find the stable ML region of operation in these devices, we have performed\nsweep-scans on the injection current of the gain section, and the reverse bias voltage on\nthe absorber section. We will present the optical and electrical spectrum of devices with\ndifferent absorber length. These results will be compared with the performance of\nearlier devices without HR coating.
Stereoscopic watermarking by horizontal noise mean shifting (2012)

Depth-image-based rendering (DIBR) is a method to represent a stereoscopic content. The DIBR consists of a monoscopic center view and an associated per-pixel depth map. Using these two components and given depth condition from a user, the DIBR renders left and right views. The advantages of DIBR are numerous. The user can choose not only the monoscopic or stereoscopic view selectively, but also the depth condition what he prefers when he watches a stereoscopic content. However, in the view of copyright protection, since not only the center view but also each left or right view can be used as a monoscopic content when they are illegally distributed, the watermark signal which is embedded in the center view must have an ability to protect the respective three views. In this study, we solve this problem by exploiting the horizontal noise mean shifting (HNMS) technique. We exploit the fact that the objects in the view are shifted only to horizontal way when the center view renders to the left and right views. Using this fact, the proposed stereoscopic watermarking scheme moves the mean of horizontal noise histogram which is invariant to horizontal shifting, and we achieve good performance as shown in the experimental results.
Mitochondrial Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Prevents Neural Apoptosis and Reduces Ischemic Brain Injury: Suppression of Peroxynitrite Production, Lipid Peroxidation, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction (1998)

Oxidative stress is implicated in neuronal apoptosis that occurs in physiological settings and in neurodegenerative disorders. Superoxide anion radical, produced during mitochondrial respiration, is involved in the generation of several potentially damaging reactive oxygen species including peroxynitrite. To examine directly the role of superoxide and peroxynitrite in neuronal apoptosis, we generated neural cell lines and transgenic mice that overexpress human mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). In cultured pheochromocytoma PC6 cells, overexpression of mitochondria-localized MnSOD prevented apoptosis induced by Fe2+, amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta), and nitric oxide-generating agents. Accumulations of peroxynitrite, nitrated proteins, and the membrane lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) after exposure to the apoptotic insults were markedly attenuated in cells expressing MnSOD. Glutathione peroxidase activity levels were increased in cells overexpressing MnSOD, suggesting a compensatory response to increased H2O2 levels. The peroxynitrite scavenger uric acid and the antioxidants propyl gallate and glutathione prevented apoptosis induced by each apoptotic insult, suggesting central roles for peroxynitrite and membrane lipid peroxidation in oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Apoptotic insults decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential and energy charge in control cells but not in cells overexpressing MnSOD, and cyclosporin A and caspase inhibitors protected cells against apoptosis, demonstrating roles for mitochondrial alterations and caspase activation in the apoptotic process. Membrane lipid peroxidation, protein nitration, and neuronal death after focal cerebral ischemia were significantly reduced in transgenic mice overexpressing human MnSOD. The data suggest that mitochondrial superoxide accumulation and consequent peroxynitrite production and mitochondrial dysfunction play pivotal roles in neuronal apoptosis induced by diverse insults in cell culture and in vivo.
Influence of Pyridoxal-5′-phosphate on the Determination of the Alanine Aminotransferase and Aspartate Aminotransferase of Commercial Test Sera (1979)

Article Influence of Pyridoxal-5′-phosphate on the Determination of the Alanine Aminotransferase and Aspartate Aminotransferase of Commercial Test Sera was published on January 1, 1979 in the journal Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) (volume 17, issue 4).
Advanced evaluation algorithms for standard and dual plane particle image velocimetry. (1998)

The widely-used evaluation algorithms for PIV recording have some short comings, in that they introduce superfluous statistical and systematical errors. For example, they introduce the so-called &quot;peak-locking&quot; effect. These errors can be significantly reduced by using better algorithms. The following considerably improved analysis and algorithms will be described and demonstrated on real PIV recordings: - Analysis of errors of CCD's and the electric transmisson of the video signal. - A FFT-based cross correlation algorithm using completely free-shaped and free-sized interrogation windows which exhibits the same accuracy as an optimally programmed direct correlation. - A Gaussian fit algorithm using different weights for the values in the correlation plane due to the error distribution of correlation coefficients.
Gradient Domain Guided Image Filtering (2015)

Guided image filter (GIF) is a well-known local filter for its edge-preserving property and low computational complexity. Unfortunately, the GIF may suffer from halo artifacts, because the local linear model used in the GIF cannot represent the image well near some edges. In this paper, a gradient domain GIF is proposed by incorporating an explicit first-order edge-aware constraint. The edge-aware constraint makes edges be preserved better. To illustrate the efficiency of the proposed filter, the proposed gradient domain GIF is applied for single-image detail enhancement, tone mapping of high dynamic range images and image saliency detection. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results prove that the proposed gradient domain GIF can produce better resultant images, especially near the edges, where halos appear in the original GIF.
ALLogeneic Heart STem Cells to Achieve Myocardial Regeneration (ALLSTAR) Trial: Rationale and Design (2016)

Autologous cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) were the first therapeutic modality to demonstrate myocardial regeneration with a decrease in scar size and an increase in viable, functional tissue. Widespread applicability of autologous CDC therapy is limited by the need for patient-specific myocardial biopsy, cell processing, and quality control, resulting in delays to therapy and inherent logistical and economic constraints. Preclinical data had demonstrated equivalent efficiency of allogeneic to autologous CDCs. The ALLogeneic Heart STem Cells to Achieve Myocardial Regeneration (ALLSTAR) trial is a multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1/2 safety and efficacy trial of intracoronary delivery of allogeneic CDCs (CAP-1002) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic left ventricular dysfunction. The phase 1 safety cohort enrolled 14 patients in an open-label, nonrandomized, dose-escalation safety trial. The phase 2 trial is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial that will compare intracoronary CDCs to placebo in a 2:1 allocation and will enroll up to 120 patients. The primary endpoint for both phases is safety at 1 month. For phase 2, the primary efficacy endpoint is relative change from baseline in infarct size at 12 months, as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. The ALLSTAR trial employs a "seamless" WOVE 1 design that enables continuous enrollment from phase 1 to phase 2 and will evaluate the safety of intracoronary administration of allogeneic CDCs and its efficacy in decreasing infarct size in post-MI patients.
Hierarchical scene change detection in an MPEG-2 compressed video sequence (2002)

In this paper, we propose an efficient scene change detection algorithm for direct processing of MPEG-2 video bitstreams. The proposed algorithm utilizes the hierarchical structure of the compressed bitstreams and statistical characteristics of the coded parameters, thus greatly reducing computational requirement compared to pixel domain processing with full decompression. Occurrence of scene change is checked first in a GOP level, and if the result is affirmative it is checked again in lower levels: sub-GOP and each picture. We used several metrics for different levels: variance of DC images for I-pictures, number of macroblock types for P-pictures and motion vector types for B-pictures.
A 128-Pixel System-on-a-Chip for Real-Time Super-Resolution Terahertz Near-Field Imaging (2018)

This paper presents a fully integrated system-on-achip for real-time terahertz super-resolution near-field imaging. The chip consists of 128 sensing pixels with individual crossbridged double 3-D split-ring resonators arranged in a 3.2 mm long 2 × 64 1-D array. It is implemented in 0.13-μm SiGe bipolar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology and operated at around 550 GHz. All the functions, including sensor illumination, near-field sensing, and detection, are co-integrated with a readout integrated circuit for real-time image acquisition. The pixels exhibit a permittivity-based imaging contrast with a worst case estimated relative permittivity uncertainty of 0.33 and 10-12-μm spatial resolution. The sensor illumination is provided with on-chip oscillators feeding four-way equal power divider networks to enable an effective pixel pitch of 25 μm and a dense fill factor of 48% for the 1-D sensing area. The oscillators are equipped with electronic chopping to avoid 1/f-noise-related desensitization for the SiGe-heterojunction bipolar transistor power detectors integrated at each pixel. The chip features both an analog readout mode and a lock-in-amplifier-based digital readout mode. In the analog readout mode, the measured dynamic range (DR) is 63.8 dB for a 1-ms integration time at an external lock-in amplifier. The digital readout mode achieves a DR of 38.5 dB at 28 f/s. The chip consumes 37-104 mW of power and is packaged into a compact imaging module. This paper further demonstrates real-time acquisition of 2-D terahertz super-resolution images of a nickel mesh with 50-μm feature size, as well as a biometric human fingerprint.
Rate-determining steps in Michael-type additions and E1cb reactions in aqueous solution (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRate-determining steps in Michael-type additions and E1cb reactions in aqueous solutionChristina K. M. Heo and John W. BuntingCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 13, 3570–3578Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00039a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00039a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views674Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
DEFICITS FOLLOWING NONOPERATIVE TREATMENT OF DISPLACED MIDSHAFT CLAVICULAR FRACTURES (2006)

Background: Displaced fractures of the midpart of the clavicular shaft are generally treated nonoperatively, and few functional deficits have been reported. Whereas prior investigators have presented radiographic and surgeon-based outcomes, we used a patient-based outcome questionnaire and objective muscle-strength testing to evaluate a series of patients who had received nonoperative care for a displaced midshaft fracture of the clavicle. Methods: We identified thirty patients (twenty-two men and eight women with a mean age of thirty-seven years) who had sustained a displaced midshaft fracture of the clavicle. All patients were treated nonoperatively. At a mean of fifty-five months, and a minimum of twelve months, outcomes were measured with the Constant shoulder score and the DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) patient questionnaire. In addition, objective shoulder muscle-strength testing was performed with the Baltimore Therapeutic Equipment Work Simulator, with the uninjured arm serving as a control. Results: The range of motion was well maintained, with flexion averaging 170° ± 20° and abduction averaging 165° ± 25°. Compared with the strength of the uninjured shoulder, the strength of the injured shoulder was reduced to 81% for maximum flexion, 75% for endurance of flexion, 82% for maximum abduction, 67% for endurance of abduction, 81% for maximum external rotation, 82% for endurance of external rotation, 85% for maximum internal rotation, and 78% for endurance of internal rotation (p < 0.05 for all values). The mean Constant score was 71 points, and the mean DASH score was 24.6 points, indicating substantial residual disability. Conclusions: Traditionally, good results with minimal functional deficits have been reported following nonoperative treatment of clavicular fractures. However, surgeon-based methods of evaluation may be insensitive to loss of muscle strength. We detected residual deficits in shoulder strength and endurance in this patient population, which may be related to the significant level of dysfunction detected by the patient-based outcome measures. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The difference between the two methods for myocardial performance index in children (2006)

Purpose:The object of this study was to determine the difference between two methods for myocardial performance index(MPI) in children, using the conventional and pulsed Doppler echocardiography. Methods:A total of 27 children with anatomically normal hearts were enrolled for the study. all were examined by conventional and pulsed Doppler echocardiography at Gangneung Asan Hospital between December, 2005 and February, 2006. First, we measured the time interval(a1) between the mitral inflows from apical 4-chamber view, and the ejection time(ET1) from apical 5-chamber view. And then, we calculated MPI1, isovolumic contraction time(ICT1) and isovolumic relaxation time (IRT1). Secondly, we measured ICT2, ET2 and IRT2 from apical 5-chamber view with a Dopper signal placed at just below junction between mitral and aortic valve at the same cardiac cycle. And then, we calculated MPI2. We compared MPI1 to MPI2. All MPIs were calculated by using the formula, MPI=(ICT＋IRT)/ET. Results:The mean age was 5.7±2.2 years old(M:F=15:12). The MPI2 was higher than MPI1: 0.277±0.083 vs. 0.428±0.081(MPI1 vs MPI2, P=0.000). Also, the ICT2 was higher than ICT1: 56±15 msec vs 97±18 msec(ICT1 vs ICT2, P=0.000) and the IRT2 was higher than IRT1: 42±8 msec vs 53±9 msec(IRT1 vs IRT2, P=0.000). But, the ET2 was lower than ET1: 260±16 msec vs 254±14 msec (ET1 vs ET2, P=0.01). There was, as well, positive linear correlation between MPI1 and MPI2. Conclusion:This study showed that there is a difference between MPI1 and MPI2 in connection with estimating methods. However, the two MPIs had a positive linear correlation. Judging from our results, the MPI of the new method might be a useful index of venticular global function in children
Toxicity of Penicillamine (1978)

A retrospective study of penicillamine toxicity in 156 patients yielded a high incidence of toxic reaction (62%), necessitating discontinuation of the drug therapy in 36% of the patients. Of the total group, proteinuria occurred in 14%, hematologic toxic reaction in 11%, mucocutaneous toxic reaction in 28%, and gastrointestinal intolerance in 12%.
The Elements of Medical Malpractice: An Overview (1996)

Most physicians will be involved in a medical malpractice case sometime in their career in one of several capacities, such as defendant, a treating physician, or an expert witness. Providing that malpractice has been committed is based on substantiation of a variety of elements and issues. This article offers an overview of the basic theories or types of claims of malpractice: 1) lack of due care; 2) lack of informed consent/battery; 3) vicarious liability/respondent superior/negligent supervision; 4) injury to third parties; and 5) abandonment. While these elements hold true in general, the laws of malpractice, the procedures involved, and the judicial process vary from state to state and from country to country.
Effects of a verbal and visual feedback system on running technique, perceived exertion and running economy in female novice runners (1989)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a verbal and visual feedback system on running technique, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and running economy. Twenty-two female novice runners were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 11) and control (n = 11) groups. The experimental subjects received verbal and visual feedback concerning their running technique prior to and during each training run. Training involved 15 20-min treadmill running sessions over a 5-week period. The control group adhered to the same training routine but did not receive feedback concerning their running technique. High-speed (100 Hz) photography was used to collect biomechanical data. A submaximal oxygen consumption test and Borg's RPE scale were used to collect data concerning running economy and perceived exertion, respectively. Statistical analysis using ANCOVA revealed that the proposed feedback system had a significant (P less than 0.01) effect on the experimental group's running technique by affecting the following desired changes relative to the control group: greater relative stride lengths, shorter support time, greater ankle dorsiflexion during support and greater knee flexion during support and non-support. There were no significant differences between the groups in submaximal VO2 or RPE. The results of this study suggest that verbal and visual feedback are effective means of eliciting modifications in running style in female novice runners. The link between modifications in running style and improvements in running economy and perceived exertion remains unclear.
American City Government. By William Anderson and Edward W. Weidner. (New York: Henry Holt and Co. Rev. ed. 1950. Pp. xiii, 625. $4.25.) (1950)

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