gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High- UHF Micromechanical Radial-Contour Mode Disk Resonators (2005)

Abstract—A micromechanical, laterally vibrating disk resonator, fabricated via a technology combining polysilicon surface-micromachining and metal electroplating to attain submicron lateral capacitive gaps, has been demonstrated at frequencies as high as 829 MHz and with ’s as high as 23 000 at 193 MHz. Furthermore, the resonators have been demonstrated operating in the first three radial contour modes, allowing a significant frequency increase without scaling the device, and a 193 MHz resonator has been shown operating at atmospheric pressure with a of 8,880, evidence that vacuum packaging is not necessary for many applications. These results represent an important step toward reaching the frequencies required by the RF front-ends in wireless transceivers. The geometric dimensions necessary to reach a given frequency are larger for this contour-mode than for the flexural-modes used by previous resonators. This, coupled with its unprecedented value, makes this disk resonator a choice candidate for use in the IF and RF stages of future miniaturized transceivers. Finally, a number of measurement techniques are demonstrated, including two electromechanical mixing techniques, and evaluated for their ability to measure the performance of sub-optimal (e.g., insufficiently small capacitive gap, limited dc-bias), high-frequency, high- micromechanical resonators under conditions where parasitic effects could otherwise mask motional output currents. [1051] Index Terms—Electromechanical coupling, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), microelectromechanical devices,
Human lupus‐type inclusions in umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (1990)

Mononuclear cells purified from umbilical cord blood activated oligoadenylate synthetase and formed human lupus-type inclusions (LI) when cultured with the purified recombinant human leukocyte interferon, IFLrA. LI frequencies increased from 0% to a low of 0.75% and a high of 6.25% in 4-day cultures with IFLrA (100 units/ml). These interferon-induced responses in the mononuclear cells of neonates indicate that LI are solely an intrinsic product of normal cells, and not an exogenous virus or some other environmental agent.
Sound Pressure in Insert Earphone Couplers and Real Ears (1977)

It is known that sound pressure, measured in couplers via a probe-tube microphone, often shows a pressure vs frequency response that drops sharply at a single frequency. In this study sound pressure was theoretically determined at various locations within a hard-walled cylindrical cavity, driven by a constant-volume velocity source with circular symmetry. At each location in the volume, a transfer impedance was defined as the ratio of pressure to inlet-volume velocity. In the region around the inlet, the transfer impedance passes through zero as it changes from negative to positive reactance with increasing frequency. Two hard-walled cavity examples were examined in detail (1) the main cavity of a 2-cm 3 HA-2 coupler, and (2) a cavity having dimensions approximately equal to the occluded ear canal between an earmold tip and the eardrum. Contours of constant minimum sound pressure vs frequency are given for these two cylindrical volumes with experimental verification. Implications for probe microphone calibration and measurement of sound pressure in ears are discussed.
<i>Fritillaria cirrhosa</i>, <i>Anemarrhena asphodeloides</i>, Lee‐Mo‐Tang and Cyclosporine a Inhibit Ovalbumin‐Induced Eosinophil Accumulation and Th2‐Mediated Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness in a Murine Model of Asthma (2007)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by excess production of Th2 cytokines and eosinophil accumulation in the lungs. Fritillaria cirrhosa, Anemarrhena asphodeloides and Lee-Mo-Tang are well-known herbs used in oriental medicine for the treatment of asthma and bronchial inflammation. To clarify the anti-asthmatic effects of Fritillaria cirrhosa bulbus, Anemarrhena rhizoma and Lee-Mo-Tang, we examined the development of pulmonary eosinophilic accumulation, control of Th2 cytokine, immunoglobulin E (IgE) and histamine productions in a murine model of asthma. Eosinophil cell proliferation was performed by [(3)H]thymidine uptake, eosinophilic accumulation. Cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were investigated by means of fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis and control of Th2 cytokine, IgE and histamine productions were investigated by RT-PCR and ELISA. Moreover, lung tissue was histologically analysed. The suppressive effects of Fritillaria cirrhosa bulbus, Anemarrhena rhizoma and Lee-Mo-Tang on eosinophil recruitment and airway inflammation were demonstrated throughout the reduction of eosinophil numbers. This result correlated with a marked reduction IL-5, IL-13 and IL-4 levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Ovalbumin-specific IgE levels were also decreased in serum. Fritillaria cirrhosa bulbus, Anemarrhena rhizoma and Lee-Mo-Tang have deep inhibitory effects on airway inflammation by suppression of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13), IgE, histamine production, reduction eosinophilic accumulation and increase of interferon-gamma production.
Functional group diversity in enzymic oxygenation reactions catalyzed by bacterial flavin-containing cyclohexanone oxygenase (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFunctional group diversity in enzymic oxygenation reactions catalyzed by bacterial flavin-containing cyclohexanone oxygenaseBruce P. Branchaud and Christopher T. WalshCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 7, 2153–2161Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00293a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00293a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views866Altmetric-Citations127LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electron Microscopic Study of Alloying Behavior or Au on GaAs (1979)

Still and in-situ electron microscopic studies of the deposition and the alloying behavior of Au on GaAs have been made. Au was found to react with GaAs at ∼470°C forming new compound with composition very close to Au7Ga2 (and/or GaAu with Ga=21 at%). The higher alloying temperature and longer alloying time (∼2–3 min. at 600°C) resulted in large size of the alloyed region. Asymmetric etching of the (001) GaAs surfaces during high temperature treatment was also observed to take place; this was attributed to the asymmetric nature of [110] and [10] directions on the (001) surfaces.
A silent tragedy: Parasites and the exotic fishes of Australia (1998)

Australian freshwaters have undergone marked deterioration since European settlement, due mostly to our ignorance of fragile natural systems and continued exploitation for short-term gain. Exotic fishes are able to exploit these disturbed systems and dominate fish communities, sometimes to the exclusion of unique native species. Given these facts, it is surprising that the parasites of exotic fishes in Australia are essentially unknown. This is important given that parasites 1, have the potential to control exotic fish populations; and 2, have the potential to cross into native fish populations and further inhibit them in the struggle against disturbance and exotic fishes. Sometimes, however, it is the parasites that exotic fishes have not brought with them that make the difference. Poeciliid fishes in SE Qld, for example, have far fewer parasite species than native fishes and have acquired fewer still since their arrival. The lack of parasites in exotic fishes seemingly puts them at a distinct advantage when engaging in competition with native fishes. Often when exotic fishes do bring parasites with them, however, they are of a type which is more likely to be able to infect a native host, because of events associated with the introduction and establishment process. The transfer of parasites from exotic to native fishes can have severe consequences for the native fishes because the native host and the exotic parasite have not had the evolutionary time to evolve an equilibrium relationship. In this way exotic fishes can inadvertently `use' parasites as biological `weapons' against native fish species. Native fishes are disadvantaged by most interactions with parasite communities of exotic fish; intervention is necessary to alleviate some of the damage that has resulted from this silent tragedy, or at least to prevent future disturbance in the form of new species introductions.
Spider toxin (JSTX) on the glutamate synapse. (1984)

A new neurotoxin (JSTX) was separated from spider (Nephila clavata, Joro spider) venom. JSTX irreversibly suppressed the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) and the glutamate potential in the lobster neuromuscular junction with high degree of specificity. The threshold concentration for suppressing EPSPs corresponds to a small fraction of the toxin in a venom gland, roughly estimated as low as 10(-10) M/l. 10(-10) M/l. In the giant synapse of squid stellate ganglion JSTX suppressed EPSPs without affecting the antidromic response. Glutamate-induced membrane depolarization was blocked by JSTX. In mammalian brain slice preparation, JSTX suppressed the orthodromic spike response but failed to affect on the antidromic spike in the hippocampal pyramidal neuron of CA1 and CA3 region. The above results strongly support the view that the squid giant synapse and synapses in the hippocampal pyramidal neuron are mediated by glutamate.
Chapter 3. Class III Lantibiotics – an Emerging Family of Thioether-Containing Peptides (2012)

The term ‘lantibiotic’ was introduced in 1988 to describe lanthionine-containing peptides displaying antibacterial activities.1 Lanthionine is a diamino diacid which is reminiscent of the amino acid cystin, with the difference that it contains a thioether moiety in place of the disulfide (Figure 3.1...
Effects of neuromedin U-8 on the rat pituitary-adrenocortical axis. (1994)

A single subcutaneous injection of 6 micrograms/100 g body wt. of neuromedin U-8 (NMU8) resulted in a transient increase in ACTH blood concentration (between 3 and 12 h) and a sustained (24 h) elevation of plasma corticosterone (B) concentration (PBC). After a 2-day subcutaneous administration of NMU8 (2 or 6 micrograms/100 g/day) blood ACTH level remained unchanged, but PBC was notably raised. Adrenal glands were atrophic, due to a marked loss of parenchymal cells, but in spite of this their basal in vitro output of B did not differ from that of control glands. These findings indicate that NMU8 stimulates pituitary-adrenocortical axis in rats. Furthermore, they suggest that, in addition to the enhancement in ACTH release, other mechanism(s) must be involved in the adrenocortical secretagogue effect of NMU8.
The Antiparasitic Moxidectin: Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics in Humans (2003)

A study in healthy male volunteers was completed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of the antiparasitic moxidectin (MOX). This drug is registered worldwide as a veterinary antiparasitic agent for use in companion and farm animals. This is the first study of MOX in humans. All subjects were between the ages of 18 and 45 years, with normal cardiac, hematologic, hepatic, and renal function. Doses of MOX studied were 3, 9, 18, and 36 mg in cohorts of 6 subjects each (5:1, MOX:placebo). At the 9-mg and 36-mg doses, two separate cohorts were completed, one in the fasted state and one after the consumption of a high-fat breakfast. For all other cohorts, administration was in the fasted state. Safety and tolerability were assessed by physical examinations, ongoing evaluation of adverse events (AEs), and measurement of laboratory values. Pharmacokinetic (PK) samples were collected just prior to dosing and at various time points until 80 days postdose. Safety assessments from all dose groups studied suggested that MOX was generally safe and well tolerated, with a slightly higher incidence of transient, mild, and moderate central nervous system AEs as the dose increased as compared to placebo. The PKs of MOX were dose proportional within the dose range studied, and the elimination half-life (t1/2 elim) was long (mean: 20.2-35.1 days). At the 9-mg and 36-mg doses, a high-fat breakfast was shown to delay and increase the overall absorption but did not increase maximal concentrations when compared to administration in the fasted state. In summary, the results from this study indicate that MOX is safe and well tolerated in humans between the doses of 3 mg and 36 mg.
Micro Thermal Diode with Glass Thermal Insulation Structure Embedded in Vapor Chamber (2013)

This paper reports a novel micro thermal diode with an embedded micro glass thermal insulation structure. The diodicity is given by wettability-driven one-way fluid circulation mechanism without any external force. The water circulation only occurs in "forward" mode, resulting in low thermal resistance. The glass thermal insulation structure enhances thermal insulation in "reverse" mode. The thermal insulation in forward and reverse mode, Rf and Rr, were measured as 2.06±0.34 K/W and 3.04±0.38 K/W, respectively. Therefore, the performance index, Rr/Rf, was 1.47±0.14.
Algorithm 887 (2008)

CHOLMOD is a set of routines for factorizing sparse symmetric positive definite matrices of the form A or AA T , updating/downdating a sparse Cholesky factorization, solving linear systems, updating/downdating the solution to the triangular system Lx = b , and many other sparse matrix functions for both symmetric and unsymmetric matrices. Its supernodal Cholesky factorization relies on LAPACK and the Level-3 BLAS, and obtains a substantial fraction of the peak performance of the BLAS. Both real and complex matrices are supported. CHOLMOD is written in ANSI/ISO C, with both C and MATLAB TM interfaces. It appears in MATLAB 7.2 as x = A\b when A is sparse symmetric positive definite, as well as in several other sparse matrix functions.
Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of Ferulic and Gallic Acids Against Pathogenic Bacteria (2013)

The increased resistance of pathogenic microorganisms is frequently attributed to the extreme and inadequate use of antibiotics and transmission of resistance within and between individuals. To counter the emergence of resistant microorganisms, considerable resources have been invested in the search for new antimicrobials. Plants synthesize a diverse array of secondary metabolites (phytochemicals) known to be involved in defense mechanisms, and in the last few years it is recognized that some of these molecules have health beneficial effects, including antimicrobial properties. In this study, the mechanism of action of gallic (GA) and ferulic (FA) acids, a hydroxybenzoic acid and a hydroxycinnamic acid, was assessed on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. The targets of antimicrobial action were studied using different bacterial physiological indices: minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), membrane permeabilization, intracellular potassium release, physicochemical surface properties, and surface charge. It was found that FA and GA had antimicrobial activity against the bacteria tested with MIC of 500 μg/mL for P. aeruginosa, 1500 μg/mL for E. coli, 1750 μg/mL for S. aureus, and 2000 μg/mL for L. monocytogenes with GA; 100 μg/mL for E. coli and P. aeruginosa, 1100 μg/mL and 1250 μg/mL for S. aureus and L. monocytogenes, respectively, with FA. The MBC for E. coli was 2500 μg/mL (FA) and 5000 (GA), for S. aureus was 5000 μg/mL (FA) and 5250 μg/mL (GA), for L. monocytogenes was 5300 μg/mL (FA) and 5500 μg/mL (GA), and 500 μg/mL for P. aeruginosa, with both phytochemicals. GA and FA led to irreversible changes in membrane properties (charge, intra and extracellular permeability, and physicochemical properties) through hydrophobicity changes, decrease of negative surface charge, and occurrence of local rupture or pore formation in the cell membranes with consequent leakage of essential intracellular constituents. The overall study emphasizes the potential of plant-derived molecules as a green and sustainable source of new broad spectrum antimicrobial products.
[Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. IV. Synthesis and pharmacologic activity of aroylthiopheneacetic acids with a pyrrole group]. (1986)

The synthesis of new antiinflammatory aroylthiopheneacetic acids bearing a pyrrole moiety is described. These compounds can be regarded as analogues of thiaprofen and related isosteres. The antiinflammatory activity of the new pyrryl derivatives has been evaluated in comparison with indomethacin, tolmetin and the unknown 5-(2-chlorobenzoyl)thiophene-2-acetic acid. Among tested derivatives the compounds containing the pyrrole ring were devoid of analgesic-antiinflammatory activities.
Dynamic imaging of neutrophil migration in three dimensions: mechanical interactions between cells and matrix (1997)

Fluorescence confocal microscopy was used to obtain three-dimensional (3-D) images of human neutrophils migrating through a 3-D matrix of amniotic membrane with a temporal resolution of 30-60 s and a spatial resolution of approximately 2 microm in the z-dimension. Neutrophils migrating in response to a chemoattractant gradient within a 3-D matrix were apparently able to generate traction by use of lateral pseudopods inserted into footholds in the matrix as evidenced by matrix distortion. Similar anchored pseudopods were seen in cells migrating across polycarbonate membranes with 0.8-microm pores; the presence of these pores increased cell polarization and migration compared with cells on membranes without pores. Expansion of pseudopods distal to narrow constrictions in the matrix and porous filters was observed and appeared to be used to pull cells through the openings. Neutrophils deformed parts of the elastic amnion matrix during migration without permanently altering the substrate. Contact guidance of neutrophils crawling along matrix fibrils was also observed. These observations show that neutrophils migrating in 3-D are able to utilize mechanical structures in the matrix, not present on 2-D surfaces, to generate traction for locomotion.
Cache Sharing Management for Performance Fairness in Chip Multiprocessors (2009)

Resource sharing can cause unfair and unpredictable performance of concurrently executing applications in Chip-Multiprocessors (CMP). The shared last-level cache is one of the most important shared resources because off-chip request latency may take a significant part of total execution cycles for data intensive applications. Instead of enforcing performance fairness directly, prior work addressing fairness issue of cache sharing mainly focuses on the fairness metrics of cache miss numbers or miss rates. However, because of the variation of cache miss penalty, fairness on cache miss cannot guarantee performance fairness. Cache sharing management which directly addresses performance fairness is needed for CMP systems. This paper introduces a model to analyze the performance impact of cache sharing, and proposes a mechanism of cache sharing management to provide performance fairness for concurrently executing applications. The proposed mechanism monitors the actual penalty of all cache misses and dynamically estimates the cache misses with dedicated caches when the applications are actually running with a shared cache. The estimated relative slowdown for each core from dedicated environment to shared environment is used to guide cache sharing in order to guarantee performance fairness. The experiment results show that the proposed mechanism always improves the performance fairness metric, and can provide no worse throughput than the scenario without any management mechanism.
Studies on the Structure of Water Using Two-Dimensional Near-Infrared Correlation Spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis (2001)

The structure of water molecules in the pure liquid state has been subjected to extensive research for several decades. Questions still remain unanswered, however, and no single model has been found capable of explaining all the anomalies of water. In the present study, near-infrared spectra of water in the temperature region 6-80 degrees C have been analyzed by use of principal component analysis and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy in order to study the dynamic behavior of a band centered around 1,450 nm at room temperature, which is due to the combination of symmetric and antisymmetric O-H stretching modes (first overtone) of water. It has been found that the wavelengths 1,412 and 1,491 nm account for more than 99% of the spectral variation, representing two major water species with weaker and stronger hydrogen bonds, respectively. A third species located at 1438 nm, whose concentration was relatively constant as a function of temperature, is also indicated. A somewhat distorted two-state structural model for water is suggested.
BASIC AMIDES AS ANTISPASMODIC AGENTS. II. (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBASIC AMIDES AS ANTISPASMODIC AGENTS. II.W. B. WHEATLEY, W. F. MINOR, W. M. BYRD, W. E. FITZGIBBON JR., M. E. SPEETER, L. C. CHENEY, and S. B. BINKLEYCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1954, 19, 5, 794–801Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01370a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01370a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views117Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts