gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Near-duplicate keyframe retrieval by nonrigid image matching (2008)

Near-duplicate image retrieval plays an important role in many real-world multimedia applications. Most previous approaches have some limitations. For example, conventional appearance-based methods may suffer from the illumination variations and occlusion issue, and local feature correspondence-based methods often do not consider local deformations and the spatial coherence between two point sets. In this paper, we propose a novel and effective Nonrigid Image Matching (NIM) approach to tackle the task of near-duplicate keyframe retrieval from real-world video corpora. In contrast to previous approaches, the NIM technique can recover an explicit mapping between two near-duplicate images with a few deformation parameters and find out the correct correspondences from noisy data effectively. To make our technique applicable to large-scale applications, we suggest an effective multi-level ranking scheme that filters out the irrelevant results in a coarse-to-fine manner. In our ranking scheme, to overcome the extremely small training size challenge, we employ a semi-supervised learning method for improving the performance using unlabeled data. To evaluate the effectiveness of our solution, we have conducted extensive experiments on two benchmark testbeds extracted from the TRECVID2003 and TRECVID2004 corpora. The promising results show that our proposed method is more effective than other state-of-the-art approaches for near-duplicate keyframe retrieval.
MATLAB Parallelization through Scalarization (2011)

While the popularity of using high-level programming languages such as MATLAB for scientific and engineering applications continues to grow, its poor performance compared to traditional languages such as Fortran or C continues to impede its deployment in full-scale simulations and data analysis. Additionally, its poor memory performance limits its performance. To ameliorate performance, we have been developing a MATLAB and Octave compiler that improves performance of MATLAB code by performing type inference and using the resulting type information to remove common bottlenecks. We observe that unlike past results, scalarizing array statements, instead of vectorizing scalar statements, is more fruitful when compiling MATLAB to C or C++. Two important situations where such scalarization helps is in expressions containing array subscripts and sequences of related array statements. In both cases, it is possible to generate fused loops and replace array temporaries by scalars, thus reducing the memory bandwidth pressure. Additional array temporaries are obviated in the case of array subscripts. Further, starting with vectorized statements guarantees that the resulting loops can be parallelized, creating opportunities for a mix of thread-level and instruction-level parallelism as well as GPU execution. We have implemented this strategy in a MATLAB compiler that compiles portions of MATLAB to C++ or CUDA C. Evaluation results on a set of benchmarks selected from diverse domains shows speed improvements ranging from 1.5x to almost 17x on an eight-core Intel Core 2 Duo machine.
Influence of Photoperiods upon the Differentiation of Meristems and the Blossoming of Biloxi Soy Beans (1938)

1. Young Biloxi soy beans were grown for about a month on a long photoperiod. These long-day plants were divided into eight series, each receiving a different short photoperiod. Plants from each series were returned to natural day after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 10 days. 2. Stimulation of two short photoperiods was sufficient to alter the course of development of the growing points in such a way that differentiation of flower primordia resulted. 3. The length of the photoperiod influenced the time of blossoming, since the plants receiving intermediate photoperiods blossomed earlier than those receiving either the extremely long or short photoperiods used in this experiment. 4. The number of days that the plants received these various treatments influenced the time of blossoming. Plants treated for 8 days blossomed earlier than those treated for only 6 days. 5. Meristems of plants growing on long day are described and compared with the meristems of those growing on short day. 6. The first visible response to short photoperiod occurred in the axil of the fourth leaf primordium from the tip of the main stem and in a similar position in certain axillary buds. 7. The region of quickest morphological response at the time the treatment is applied is an undifferentiated meristem. 8. An after-effect of photoperiodic treatment expresses itself in the total number of compound leaves produced on the main stem. 9. Treatments of less than 8 days did not suppress the addition of compound leaves. 10. Biochemical and biophysical studies which may throw light on these phenomena are in progress.
Long‐term stroke risk in children with sickle cell disease screened with transcranial doppler (1997)

Stroke is an important complication of sickle cell disease. Stroke prediction is clinically important because it offers the possibility of primary prevention. In 1992, transcranial Doppler (TCD) evidence of elevated intracranial internal carotid or middle cerebral artery velocity was demonstrated to be associated strongly with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. This study extends the original study and includes 125 more children, longer follow-up, and intracranial hemorrhage in the stroke-risk model. Elevated time averaged mean maximum blood flow velocity, especially when velocity is 200 cm/sec or greater by TCD, was associated strongly with stroke risk. The cases not predicted by TCD point to the need for more information on the optimal timing of TCD surveillance for stroke risk.
Surface Chemistry of Oil Recovery From Fractured, Oil-Wet, Carbonate Formation (2003)

Abstract Oil recovery by water flooding in fractured formations is often dependent on spontaneous imbibition. However, spontaneous imbibition is usually insignificant in oil-wet, carbonate rocks. Sodium carbonate and anionic surfactant solutions are evaluated for enhancing oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition from oil-wet carbonate rocks. Crude oil samples must be free of surface-active contaminants to be representative of the reservoir. Calcite, which is normally positively charged, can be made negative with sodium carbonate. The ease of wettability alteration is a function of the aging time and temperature and the surfactant formulation.
Quasi-exactly solvable quartic potential (1998)

A new two-parameter family of quasi-exactly solvable quartic polynomial potentials $V(x)=-x^4+2iax^3+(a^2-2b)x^2+2i(ab-J)x$ is introduced. Until now, it was believed that the lowest-degree one-dimensional quasi-exactly solvable polynomial potential is sextic. This belief is based on the assumption that the Hamiltonian must be Hermitian. However, it has recently been discovered that there are huge classes of non-Hermitian, ${\cal PT}$-symmetric Hamiltonians whose spectra are real, discrete, and bounded below [physics/9712001]. Replacing Hermiticity by the weaker condition of ${\cal PT}$ symmetry allows for new kinds of quasi-exactly solvable theories. The spectra of this family of quartic potentials discussed here are also real, discrete, and bounded below, and the quasi-exact portion of the spectra consists of the lowest $J$ eigenvalues. These eigenvalues are the roots of a $J$th-degree polynomial.
A 7-kDa region of the bacteriophage T7 gene 4 protein is required for primase but not for helicase activity. (1988)

Bacteriophage T7 gene 4 protein, purified from phage-infected cells, consists of a mixture of 56- and 63-kDa species that provides helicase and primase activities required for T7 DNA replication. The 56-kDa species has been purified independently of the colinear 63-kDa species. Like a mixture of the two proteins, the 56-kDa protein binds single-stranded DNA in the presence of dTTP, catalyzes DNA-dependent hydrolysis of dTTP, and has helicase activity. In contrast to the mixture, the 56-kDa protein cannot catalyze template-dependent RNA primer synthesis. In the absence of a DNA template, both the 56-kDa protein and the mixture of the two species synthesize low levels of diribonucleotide. A putative "zinc finger" present near the amino terminus of the 63-kDa protein but absent from the 56-kDa protein may play a major role in the recognition of primase sites in the template.
Design considerations for low switching voltage crossing channel switches (1988)

Demonstrates both theoretically and experimentally that low switching voltage, in comparison to those characterizing other modulators, can be obtained with single-mode crossing channel structures at the wavelength of 1.32 mu m. Design considerations for obtaining the low switching voltage are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Sucrose Esters (2014)

Carbohydrates are polyhydric alcohols which, when reacted with non-polar fatty acids, produce a diversity of surface-active materials which find uses as emulsifiers and/or fat replacers. The type of fatty acids that are reacted with the hydroxyl groups on sucrose can also influence the properties of sucrose esters. This chapter discusses the wide range of emulsification properties, other functional properties and applications of sucrose esters. It focuses on the uses of sucrose fatty acid esters as emulsifiers. There have been many attempts to produce sucrose esters on a commercial scale. The main stumbling block to commercialization has been an effective route to purification both from a functionality requirement and, more specifically, from a food safety perspective. Sucroglycerides and sucrose ester detergents had limited commercial success. The chapter outlines the functional properties, physico-chemical properties, food applications and legal status of sucrose esters.
Antimicrobial Peptides Isolated from Insects (2014)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) which kill microbes by a fundamentally different mechanism of action than do traditional antibiotics are a new category of compounds capable of fighting resistant pathogens. The cationic AMP isolated from insects comprise a significant group among those 2000 peptides already registered in The Antimicrobial Peptide Database. The novel AMP include lucifensins  the insect defensins isolated from medicinal larvae of flies which are routinely used in maggot therapy and AMP ranking among ?-helical amphipathic peptides isolated from the venom of stinging hymenopterans. The AMP isolated from the venom show strong antimicrobial activities and low or moderate toxicity to eukaryotic cells. Systematic structure modification of these naturally occurring AMP resulted in their analogs with enhanced antimicrobial activities.
Minimally invasive spine surgery (2008)

INCE its inception, minimally invasive spine surgery has been a field in evolution. The modernization of tools and techniques for minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has recently enabled spine surgeons to expand patient selection and candidacy to include a growing array of spinal disorders such as degenerative disc disease and herniation, fractures, tumors, infections, instability, and deformity. Despite an expanding literature database, many traditional spine surgeons remain skeptical of the role for MIS in the spine. This skepticism is in part due to the lack of substantial prospective randomized trials comparing open and minimally invasive techniques in a scholarly fashion. The potential benefits of MIS include limited blood loss, decreased postoperative narcotics, reduced hospital stay, and quicker return to work. A prominent role has emerged for MIS techniques as a mainstay in the modern day treatment of spinal disorders. This issue of Neurosurgical Focus is intended to provide the means to share the vast knowledge and experience gained by contemporary spine surgeons who have negotiated the learning curve of minimally invasive spine surgery techniques.
Complexity of terminal airspace geometry assessed by lung computed tomography in normal subjects and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1999)

Increases in the low attenuation areas (LAA) of chest x-ray computed tomography images in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been reported to reflect the development of pathological emphysema. We examined the statistical properties of LAA clusters in COPD patients and in healthy subjects. In COPD patients, the percentage of the lung field occupied by LAAs (LAA%) ranged from 2.6 to 67.6. In contrast, LAA% was always <30% in healthy subjects. The cumulative size distribution of the LAA clusters followed a power law characterized by an exponent D. We show that D is a measure of the complexity of the terminal airspace geometry. The COPD patients with normal LAA% had significantly smaller D values than the healthy subjects, and the D values did not correlate with pulmonary function tests except for the diffusing capacity of the lung. We interpret these results by using a large elastic spring network model and find that the neighboring smaller LAA clusters tend to coalesce and form larger clusters as the weak elastic fibers separating them break under tension. This process leaves LAA% unchanged whereas it decreases the number of small clusters and increases the number of large clusters, which results in a reduction in D similar to that observed in early emphysema patients. These findings suggest that D is a sensitive and powerful parameter for the detection of the terminal airspace enlargement that occurs in early emphysema.
Decision Tree-Based Contextual Location Prediction from Mobile Device Logs (2018)

Contextual location prediction is an important topic in the field of personalized location recommendation in LBS (location-based services). With the advancement of mobile positioning techniques and various sensors embedded in smartphones, it is convenient to obtain massive human mobile trajectories and to derive a large amount of valuable information from geospatial big data. Extracting and recognizing personally interesting places and predicting next semantic location become a research hot spot in LBS. In this paper, we proposed an approach to predict next personally semantic place with historical visiting patterns derived from mobile device logs. To address the problems of location imprecision and lack of semantic information, a modified trip-identify method is employed to extract key visit points from GPS trajectories to a more accurate extent while semantic information are added through stay point detection and semantic places recognition. At last, a decision tree model is adopted to explore the spatial, temporal, and sequential features in contextual location prediction. To validate the effectiveness of our approach, experiments were conducted based on a trajectory collection in Guangzhou downtown area. The results verified the feasibility of our approach on contextual location prediction from continuous mobile devices logs.
Electron Scattering and Related Phenomena in Scattering with Angular Limitation Projection Electron Lithography (SCALPEL<sup>*</sup>) (2000)

Scattering with angular limitation projection electron lithography (SCALPEL) is a unique charged-particle projection imaging technique that employs a scattering mask with the pattern segmented between supporting struts. An aperture installed in the back-focal plane of the projection lens filters out the electrons scattered at large angles in the patterned area of the mask producing a high contrast aerial image. Various scattering phenomena involved with the energetic (100 keV) electrons carrying the mask pattern information to the wafer through the projection optics are responsible for the aerial image formation in SCALPEL. These phenomena can be grouped into three major categories: (i) electron elastic scattering in the mask responsible for the aerial image intensity and contrast; (ii) electron inelastic scattering in the mask-membrane that might have negative effects, such as membrane charging, beam chromatic blur generation, mask heating, etc.; (iii) Coulomb interactions of electrons in the beam (space charge effect) generating a beam blur that links the system throughput and resolution. Analytical models developed to describe and quantitatively evaluate these phenomena are briefly reviewed. The implication of these models to the design and optimization of the electron projection lithography systems are discussed.
Application of genome-wide insertion/deletion markers on genetic structure analysis and identity signature of Malus accessions (2020)

The identity signatures of Malus accessions can be used to determine distinctness, uniformity, and stability. The results of this study may also provide better insight into the genetic relationships among Malus species.
Effects of short-range order on the electrical resistivity of plastically deformed PdAg and PdAgFe alloys (1986)

A detailed study of the influence of plastic deformation on the electrical resistivity of Pd100−xAgx (x = 25, 30, 40, 45, and 50), Pd50Ag50 with 2 at% Fe, and Pd67Ag33 with 1 and 2 at% Fe alloys at the liquid nitrogen temperature under various heat treatments is reported. The initial drop in the electrical resistivity, known as the “K-effect”, has been described as a manifestation of the effect of plastic strain on the short-range order in these systems. An interesting correlation between the “K-effect” and the spin glass behavior has been found for the PdAgFe system. Es wird über eine detaillierte Untersuchung des Einflusses einer plastischen Deformation auf den elektrischen Widerstand von Legierungen Pd100−xAgx (x = 25, 30, 40, 45 und 50), Pd50Ag50 mit 2 at% Fe und Pd67Ag33 mit 1 und 2 at% Fe bei der Temperatur des flüssigen Stickstoffs berichtet. Der anfängliche Abfall des elektrischen Widerstandes, bekannt als „K-Effekt”︁, wird als Manifestation des Effektes plastischer Spannung auf die Nahordnung in diesen Systemen beschrieben. Für das System PdAgFe wird eine interessante Korrelation zwischen „K-Effekt”︁ und Spinglas-Verhalten gefunden.
Comprehensive database of diameter-based biomass regressions for North American tree species (2004)

A database consisting of 2,640 equations compiled from the literature for predicting the biomass of trees and tree components from diameter measurements of species found in North America. Bibliographic information, geographic locations, diameter limits, diameter and biomass units, equation forms, statistical errors, and coefficients are provided for each equation, along with examples of how to use the database. The CD-ROM included with the paper version of this publication contains the complete database (Table 3) in spreadsheet format (Microsoft Excel 2002� with Windows XP�). The database files can also be viewed in both spreadsheet and pdf formats by directing your browser to the Global Change page at http://www.fs.fed.us/ne/global/pubs/books/index.html
Dark formation detection using neural networks (2008)

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images are extensively used for dark formation detection in marine environment, as they are not affected by local weather conditions and cloudiness. Dark formations can be caused by man-made actions (e.g. oil spills) or natural ocean phenomena (e.g. natural slicks and wind front areas). Radar backscatter values for oil spills are very similar to backscatter values for very calm sea areas and other ocean phenomena because they dampen the capillary and short gravity sea waves. Thus, traditionally, dark formation detection is the first stage of the oil-spill detection procedure and in most studies is performed manually or using a fixed size window in which a threshold value is adopted. In high-resolution imagery, dark formation detection may fail due to the nonlinear behaviour of the pixel values contained in the dark formation and in the area around it. In this paper, we examine the ability of two feed-forward\nneural network families, i.e. Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and the Radial Basis Function (RBF) networks, to detect dark formations in high-resolution SAR images. The general objective of this paper is to test the potential of artificial neural networks for dark formation detection using SAR high-resolution satellite images. Both the type and the architecture of the network are subjects of research. The inputs into the networks are the original SAR images. Each network is called to classify an area of the image as dark area or sea. The group of MLP networks can be recognized as the most suitable group for dark formation detection, as it presents reliable stable results for all the examined accuracies. Nevertheless, in terms of single topology, there is no an MLP topology that performs significantly better than the others.
Bus Tickets Sales Forecasting Using Neuro-Genetic Methods (2012)

This paper describes the applications of an enhanced neuralnetwork and genetic algorithm for bus tickets sales forecasting.The proposed approach has several significant advantagesover conventional prediction methods. The major advantage ofthe approach is that no assumptions need to be made about theunderlying function or model, since the neural network is ableto extract hidden infonnation from the historical data. Althoughneural networks represent a promising altemative forforecasting, the problem of network design remains and couldimpair widespread applications in practice. The genetic algorithmis used to evolve neural network architectures automatically,thus eliminating the pitfalls associated with human engineeringapproach.
When and Why Ruppert's Algorithm Works. (2003)

The claim has been advanced that children with severe reading disability are generally deficient in word retrieval compared with normal readers. Support for the claim is based largely on studies of rapid naming of repetitively presented pictured objects or other nameable stimuli, a task which is apparently more sensitive to retrieval problems than the confrontation naming of items presented singly. The purpose of this study was to examine whether there is a general relationship between word retrieval speed and reading ability in beginning readers. Although such a relationship has not been detected with confrontation naming, repetitive naming may provide a more sensitive test. Accordingly, second-grade children were required to name as rapidly as possible repeated presentations of five pictured items drawn from a single category. Separate naming tests were made for objects, colors, animals, letters, and words. The results showed that there was no relationship between reading ability and naming times when the test items were selected from sets of objects, colors, or animals, whereas on letters and words, a significant relationship was found. The less-skilled readers were not, therefore, consistently slower in all repetitive naming situations. Instead their word retrieval deficits extended only to the orthographic materials.
Herbicides and Plant Metabolism (1990)

This volume provides a review of the most important areas of the biochemistry of herbicide action. The introductory chapter is a review of the field of herbicide discovery, and this is followed by chapters dealing with the herbicidal inhibition of photosynthesis, carotenoid biosynthesis, lipid biosynthesis, and amino acid biosynthesis. The metabolism of herbicides is discussed with particular reference to the formation of toxic components from non-toxic chemicals, and also the inactivation of toxic chemicals as a basis for selectivity. The final chapters are concerned with mechanisms of herbicide resistance in plants and the possibility of transferring resistance to susceptible crops. The book is completed with a glossary of the most important herbicidal chemicals mentioned in the text. The volume is suitable for senior undergraduates and graduates in agriculture, horticulture, applied biology and plant biochemistry and for M.Sc. students in crop protection; it will also appeal to industrial research scientists involved in herbicide development.