gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Joint inversion of time-lapse crosswell seismic and production data for reservoir monitoring and characterization (2013)

Abstract We present a fluid-flow constrained inversion approach for joint interpretation of time-lapse seismic and production data. In this approach, the full-wave formseismic inversion is integrated into the traditional history-matching process. Hence, the interpretation of time-lapse seismic data is constrained by the fluid-flow physics in the reservoir. The key component in the workflow is a fluid-flow simulator, which computes not only the production data in the wells, but also the temporal and spatial distribution of fluid properties, such as fluid saturation and pressure. These fluid properties, together with prior rock properties, can be transformed to acoustic properties using the prescribed petro-elastic model. A finite-difference frequency-domain acoustic solver is then used to simulate the time-lapse seismic responses on the reservoir. We use a multiplicative-regularized Gauss-Newton scheme to update the reservoir mode literatively until good match between measured and simulated data is achieved. The derivative of seismic data with respect to acoustic properties is calculated using the adjoint method, and then connected to reservoir parameter susing a chain rule derived from the petro-elastic model, while the derivative of production data with respect to reservoir parameters is calculated using the gradient- simulator method. A synthetic crosswell example is employed to demonstrate that the estimation of permeability and flooding front movement can be significantly improved from the joint inversion of time-lapse seismic and production data.
Representaciones sociales del alcoholismo y las drogodependencias en el medio laboral portugués (2006)

A review of 114 thoracic empyema cases attended in the thoracic unit of the Muhimbili Medical Centre from July 1986 to July 1990 is presented. 87.7% of the cases were males. Their ages ranged from 9 to 79 years with a mean of 32 years. Tuberculosis was the major cause accounting for 63.2% of all the cases. 53.4% of the patients underwent either open chest drainage decortication or thoracoplasty. The duration of hospital stay ranged from 2-8 months with a mode around 3.5 months. A 7% mortality was noted.
Wavelets for computer graphics: a primer. 2 (1995)

Presents the mathematical theory of multiresolution analysis, develops bounded-interval spline wavelets and describes their use in multiresolution curve and surface editing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reliability Improvement Approach Based on Flatness Control of Parallel-Connected Inverters (2016)

In this paper, a global study in terms of control architecture is applied to parallel voltage-source inverters. Parallelism of inverters represents very interesting advantages for the industrial applications to meet the high-power requirements, and it is possible to apply maintenance during the operation without interruptible operation. The main objective of this paper is to guarantee a reliable operation of the parallel inverters system during healthy and faulty conditions due to full disconnection of any inverter. Special precautions are recommended to avoid the negative effects of the circulating currents, which are caused essentially by the asynchronous pulse width modulation or existence of dispersion of the system component characteristics. To deal with this crucial problem, one-loop flatness-based control is proposed to the control of N parallel inverters and allows obtaining low total harmonic distortion. The proposed control uses the advantages of the flatness to ensure high power quality at the point of common coupling and equal currents distribution between the parallel inverters and minimize the impact of a full disconnection of any inverter on the performance. The proposed algorithm is theoretically analyzed and validated experimentally.
MATLAB / SIMULINK based and simulation of power quality disturbances (2014)

The continuous monitoring of power quality (PQ) disturbances in electrical power distribution system has become an important issue for utilities and customers. The power system operation can be improved and maintained by analyzing the PQ disturbances systematically. In this paper, an attempt has been made to review the modeling and simulation of the PQ disturbances due to the exploitation of various types of loads. The PQ disturbances are created by using parametric equations as well as electrical power distribution system models in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The PQ disturbances of voltage magnitude variation such as sag, swell and interruption are created by applying different types of faults and heavy load in the power distribution model. The frequency variation types of PQ disturbances like harmonics are generated by applying power electronic converter. The non-stationary or transient PQ disturbances are produced by applying a capacitor switching bank in distribution model. The results of PQ disturbance waveforms obtained by both techniques are very similar to realtime PQ signals. The PQ waveforms obtained are suitable for checking the performance of the new automatic classification algorithms.
Size Distribution of Fat Globules in Human Colostrum, Breast Milk, and Infant Formula (2005)

Only a few results are available on the size of human milk fat globules (MFG), despite its significance regarding fat digestion in the infant, and no data are available at <24 h postpartum (PP). We measured the MFG size distribution in colostrum and transitional human milk in comparison with fat globules of mature milk and infant formula. Colostrum and transitional milk samples from 18 mothers were collected regularly during 4 d PP and compared with mature milk samples of 17 different mothers and 4 infant formulas. The size distribution was measured by laser light scattering. For further characterization, the zeta-potential of some mature MFG was measured by laser Doppler electrophoresis. The MFG diameter decreased sigmoidally in the first days. At <12 h PP, the mode diameter was 8.9 +/- 1.0 microm vs 2.8 +/-0.3 microm at 96 h PP. Thus, the surface area of MFG increased from 1.1 +/-0.3 to 5.4 +/-0.7 m2/g between colostrum and transitional milk. In mature milk, the MFG diameter was 4 microm on average and increased with advancing lactation, whereas the droplets in infant formula measured 0.4 microm. The zeta potential of mature MFG was -7.8 +/- 0.1 mV. The fat globules are larger in early colostrum than in transitional and mature human milk and in contrast with the small-sized fat droplets in infant formula. Human MFG also have a low negative surface charge compared with bovine globules. These structural differences can be of nutritional significance for the infant.
On the modeling of the sensor fusion process for concealed weapons detection (2002)

Summary form only given. Multisensor information fusion is one of the key technologies required to make significant advances in information processing and utilization in a distributed information environment. The data fusion process model proposed by the US Joint Directors of Laboratories (JDL) is accepted widely for military applications. There have been other models such as a three level model proposed by the Defense Evaluation and Research Agency (DERA) of the United Kingdom. There is an ongoing research and development program in the area of concealed weapons detection sponsored by Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and National Institute of Justice (NIJ). The main objectives of this program are twofold: development of efficient sensors and signal processing technologies for the detection of civilian applications. Data collected by different sensors needs to be combined intelligently to enhance detection performance for concealed weapons. Toward this goal we have developed several novel image/signal processing algorithms. These include algorithms for image registration, image enhancement, image fusion, denoising, and object extraction. While great strides in the CWD program have been made, its relationship with the data fusion process models has not been investigated. The goal of this presentation is to examine this relationship.
College Students versus College Counseling Center Clients (2003)

Abstract Studies often equate mental health with the presence of psychological symptoms. Contemporary views are now focusing on well-being and life functioning rather than solely on symptomatic distress. The current study compared college counseling center clients, college students not in treatment, adults in outpatient psychotherapy, and adults not in treatment. The two student groups demonstrated differences in patterns of presenting problems. In addition, adults not in treatment (healthiest), college students, college counseling center clients, and adult outpatients (most distressed/dysfunctional) differed on severity of well-being, psychological symptoms, life-functioning, and global mental health. Implications for treatment planning and outreach programs for those working with college populations are discussed.
The occurrence of polyenoic fatty acids with greater than 22 carbon atoms in mammalian spermatozoa (1986)

Fatty acids with carbon chain lengths greater than 22 (VLCFA) have been detected in boar, ram, bull and human spermatozoa. Saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids were present in all spermatozoa but, except for human spermatozoa, polyenoic fatty acids were quantitatively the most important components. Marked differences in polyenoic fatty acid composition were observed. Whereas human spermatozoa contain predominantly di-, tri- and tetraenoic fatty acids with up to 32 carbon atoms, boar, ram and bull spermatozoa also contain pentaenoic and/or hexaenoic acids with up to 34 carbon atoms. Human and boar spermatozoa differ markedly from those of the ram and bull in that only n-6 series acids are present.
A class act (1998)

Regular meetings with school nurse colleagues have proved supportive and are professionally beneficial, as Shirley Raven reports
Characterization of Device Isolation in GaAs MESFET Circuits by Boron Implantation (1987)

The use of boron implantation for the electrical isolation of MESFET's and other electronic components in high speed digital IC's has been investigated. The sheet isolation resistance was measured as a function of the implantation energy and dose and of the anneal temperature and time.
Role of Antibodies in Developing Drugs That Target G‐Protein‐Coupled Receptor Dimers (2010)

G-protein-coupled receptors are important molecular targets in drug discovery. These receptors play a pivotal role in physiological signaling pathways and are targeted by nearly 50% of currently available drugs. Mounting evidence suggests that G-protein-coupled receptors form dimers, and various studies have shown that dimerization is necessary for receptor maturation, signaling, and trafficking. However, the physiological implications of dimerization in vivo have not been well explored because detection of GPCR dimers in endogenous systems has been a challenging task. One exciting new approach to this challenge is the generation of antibodies against specific G-protein-coupled receptor dimers. Such antibodies could be used as tools for characterization of heteromer-specific function; as reagents for their purification, tissue localization, and regulation in vivo; and as probes for mapping their functional domains. In addition, such antibodies could serve as alternative ligands for G-protein-coupled receptor heteromers. Thus, heteromer-specific antibodies represent novel tools for the exploration and manipulation of G-protein-coupled receptor-dimer pharmacology.
Van Atta Array Reflector (2005)

Abstract The Van Atta array reflector has the simplest structure for retrodirective arrays, which has found many applications in wireless communications, RF identification (RFID), and intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). The antennas of the Van Atta array are paired and connected by transmission lines with equal length or length differences equal to multiples of a guided wavelength. No active device is required in the basic type; thus this array is much simpler than other kinds of retrodirective arrays. In this literature, the operation principle and a brief development history of the Van Atta array are first described. The theoretical analysis to predict the scattering field pattern in both monostatic and bistatic cases and experimental results of the Van Atta array reflectors is depicted in detail in Section 2. In Section 3, several design examples including one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional Van Atta reflector arrays are introduced. The design concept and operational performance of different kinds of Van Atta arrays are given. Besides passive ones, various active Van Atta reflector arrays are also depicted in this section. Section 4 briefly discusses the applications of the Van Atta arrays, especially in the field of vehicle‐mounting reflectors associated with the ITS. A detailed description of using the Van Atta reflector to enhance the radar cross section (RCS) in vehicle collision warning radar systems and to compose a transponder in the electronic toll collection (ETC) system is conducted. Two examples of transponders using the Van Atta array are introduced in this section. Finally, Section 5 gives a brief summary of the study.
Design of freeform mirrors in Czerny-Turner spectrometers to suppress astigmatism (2009)

Astigmatism is left uncorrected in traditional Czerny-Turner spectrometers with spherical mirrors, which leads to low throughput of modern instruments applying line-array detectors. By gradually varying the sagittal curvature, freeform mirrors are introduced to suppress astigmatism for a wide wavelength range simultaneously. So as not to reduce spectrum resolution, further calculations of the light path are performed for extra coma compensation. A design example is presented with optimized parameters. The ray-tracing result has revealed a reduction in sagittal spot size from several hundred micrometers to around 10 microm in the wavelength range from 200 nm to 800 nm.
[Determination and comparison of beta-glucuronidase activity among strains of B. fragilis and E. coli]. (1991)

We determined and compared the beta-glucuronidase (beta-G) activity among strains of B. fragilis and E. coli under the optimum condition. Results showed that the mean beta-G activity of strain B. fragilis ATCC25285 was 94.7u. B. fragilis ATCC25285 strain was selected as the model strain to establish the animal model of bilirubin gallstones because its beta-G activity was obviously higher than that of B. fragilis CDC14462 and E. coli 3362 (O157K88) strain.
Cholinergic vesicular transporters in progressive supranuclear palsy (2002)

These results confirm selective and marked degenerations of basal ganglia cholinergic and dopaminergic terminals in PSP. Striatal VAChT reduction may provide a unique neurochemical imaging marker for distinction of PSP from other types of basal ganglia neurodegeneration.
Liposomes in Immunology: Impairment of the Adjuvant Effect of Liposomes by Incorporation of the Adjuvant Lysolecithin and the Role of Macrophages (1979)

The immune response against HSA (human serum albumin) was studied in rabbits after intravenous injection of various HSA preparations. When HSA was injected one day after, together with or coupled to lysolecithin, a late response was found in twelve out of thirteen rabbits, whereas a minority of the rabbits responded when lysolecithin was omitted. These results confirm the adjuvant activity of lysolecithin. A rapid response starting on day 6 was found in rabbits injected with HSA entrapped in liposomes which had been composed of lecithin, phosphatidic acid and cholesterol (PPC liposomes). The response against liposome entrapped HSA was delayed for about one day when the phospholipid adjuvant lysolecithin was incorporated in the liposomes (LPPC liposomes). Results lend support to the hypothesis that the adjuvant activity of lysolecithin and its opposite inhibition of the adjuvant activity of liposomes are mediated by the same mechanism, i.e. inhibition of enzymatic digestion in lysosomes of macrophages.
LXA<sub>4</sub>, aspirin-triggered 15-epi-LXA<sub>4</sub>, and their analogs selectively downregulate PMN azurophilic degranulation (1999)

The eicosanoid lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is biosynthesized in vivo by cells present at inflammatory sites and appears to be an endogenous anti-inflammatory mediator. Further, in the presence of aspirin, the 15-epimer of LXA4 (15-epi-LXA4) is biosynthesized and may mediate some of aspirin's desirable bioactions. LXA4, 15-epi-LXA4, and their stable analogs inhibit inflammation in established animal models, indicating that these compounds may be useful for treating inflammatory disease states. To investigate the cellular mechanisms by which these lipid mediators downregulate inflammation, we investigated whether these eicosanoids could influence receptor-mediated degranulation of human neutrophils, an event thought to play a major causative role in several inflammatory disease states. LXA4, 15-epi-LXA4, and their stable analogs potently (IC50 < 1 nM) and selectively downregulated neutrophil release of azurophilic granule contents but did not affect other neutrophil secretory functions. Thus the cellular basis of action of these natural off-switches to inflammation appears to involve downregulation of neutrophil azurophilic granule release.
Antioxidant activity of tocopherols, ascorbyl palmitate, and ascorbic acid and their mode of action (1974)

Abstract In the quest to use antioxidant compounds occurring in nature or related compounds, extensive studies have been made on vegetable oils, animal fats, apocarotenal, and vitamin A as substrates with ascorbyl palmitate, tocopherols, and ascorbic acid as antioxidants. Antioxidant efficiency varies with the substrate. Ascorbyl palmitate at a level of 0.01% provides a useful increase in the shelf‐life of vegetable oils. Alone it is better than butylated hydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyanisole and in combinations with other known antioxidants improves the shelf‐life of all vegetable oils, as well as potato chips. Solubility problems with ascorbyl palmitate and other esters of ascorbic acid are discussed. The tocopherols have their greatest effect in protection of animal fats, carotenoids, and vitamin A. Experiments utilizing tocopherols and tocopherol combinations are presented. The activity of ascorbic acid, an excellent scavenger of oxygen, is reviewed. Quenchers of singlet oxygen do not inhibit the direct oxidation of fats and oils under the conditions used.
Natural Killer Cell Frequency and Serum Cytokine Levels in Monoclonal Gammopathies: Correlation of Bone Marrow Granular Lymphocytes to Prognosis (1997)

The percent of granular lymphocytes of total bone marrow lymphocytes was 12.5% in controls, 15% in myeloma and 27% in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). A good correlation was found between the percent of granular lymphocytes in the bone marrow lymphocytes at diagnosis (Y) and the years of survival (X) from the diagnosis of either the IgG- or IgA-type myeloma. The linear regression equation calculated for the IgG-type myeloma was Y = 1.6X + 7.42, and for the IgA-type myeloma Y = 4.25X + 4.75. For the purpose of analyzing in detail the granular lymphocyte behavior, two-color analyses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the serum levels of cytokines were performed. The absolute number of CD3+ cells, CD4+CD45RA+ cells and CD4+CD29+ cells was lower in the multiple myeloma (MM) cases than that of MGUS or controls (p < 0.01). The CD57+CD16+ natural killer (NK) cells were lower in MM cases than in MGUS cases. The serum levels of IL-1, which may activate NK cells, were higher in the MGUS cases than in either myeloma cases or controls (p < 0.01). The IL-10 levels, which may inhibit the proliferation of NK cells, were higher in the myeloma cases than in the MGUS cases (p < 0.05). Detailed understanding of the cytokine network of myeloma patients and their NK cell frequency may be important for the investigation of M proteinemias and for the future strategic planning of biological modulation therapies of myeloma patients.
Impact of Rural-urban Labour Migration on Education of Children: A Case Study of Left behind and Accompanied Migrant Children in India (2015)

In developing countries, seasonal labour migration from rural to urban or from backward to developed region is a household livelihood strategy to cope with poverty. In this process, the children of those migrants are the worst affected whether they accompany their parents or are left behind in the villages. The present paper explores the impact of temporary labour migration of parent(s) on school attendance of the children between 6–14 years and their dropping out from the school through an analysis of the cases from both the ends of migration stream in India. Data was collected from thirteen construction sites of Varanasi Uttar Pradesh and nine villages of Bihar by applying both qualitative and quantitative techniques. It is evident from the study that the migrants through remittances improve school accessibility for the left behind children and bridge gender gap in primary school education. However, among the accompanying migrant children of construction workers, many remain out of school and many are forced to drop out and some of them become vulnerable to work as child labour due to seasonal mobility of their parents. Thus, mainstreaming these children in development process is a big challenge in attaining the goal of universal primary education and inclusive growth in the country like India.
Cellular oxidative stress and the control of apoptosis by wild-type p53, cytotoxic compounds, and cytokines. (1996)

Apoptosis induced by wild-type p53 or cytotoxic compounds in myeloid leukemic cells can be inhibited by the cytokines interleukin 6, interleukin 3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and interferon gamma and by antioxidants. The antioxidants and cytokines showed a cooperative protective effect against induction of apoptosis. Cells with a higher intrinsic level of peroxide production showed a higher sensitivity to induction of apoptosis and required a higher cytokine concentration to inhibit apoptosis. Decreasing the intrinsic oxidative stress in cells by antioxidants thus inhibited apoptosis, whereas increasing this intrinsic stress by adding H2O2 enhanced apoptosis. Induction of apoptosis by wild-type p53 was not preceded by increased peroxide production or lipid peroxidation and the protective effect of cytokines was not associated with a decrease in these properties. The results indicate that the intrinsic degree of oxidative stress can regulate cell susceptibility to wild-type p53-dependent and p53-independent induction of apoptosis and the ability of cytokines to protect cells against apoptosis.