gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
West Coast Summit: Oracy to Literacy Education, Practice, and Policy: Introduction (1998)

No AccessPerspectives on Language Learning and EducationArticle1 May 1998West Coast Summit: Oracy to Literacy Education, Practice, and Policy: Introduction Katharine Butler Katharine Butler San Jose UniversitySan Jose, CA Google Scholar More articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1044/lle5.1.19 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In "West Coast Summit: Oracy to Literacy Education, Practice, and Policy: Introduction." Perspectives on Language Learning and Education, 5(1), pp. 19–20 Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 5Issue 1May 1998Pages: 19-20 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in issue: May 1, 1998 Metrics Topicsasha-topicsleader-topicsasha-article-typesasha-sigsCopyright & Permissions© 1998 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationPDF DownloadLoading ...
Knowledge and Pain (2012)

Pain studies, both in exact sciences and in the humanities, are a fast-shifting field. This volume condenses a spectrum of recent views of pain through the lens of humanistic studies. Methodologically, the volume is an interdisciplinary study of the questions pertaining to the accessibility of pain (physical or emotional) to understanding and of the possible influence of suffering on the enhancement of knowledge in private experience or public sphere. Undeterred by the widespread belief that pain cannot be expressed in language and that it is intransmissible to others, the authors of the essays in the collection show that the replicability of records and narratives of human experience provides a basis for the kind of empathetic attention, dialogue, and contact that can help us to register the pain of another and understand its conditions and contexts. Needless to say, the improvement of this understanding may also help map the ways for the ethics of response to (and help for) pain. Whereas the authors of the volume tend to share the view of pain as a totally negative phenomenon (the position taken in Elaine Scarry’s The Body in Pain), they hold this view applicable mainly to the attitudes to the pain of others and the imperative of minimise the causes of another’s suffering. They also consider this view to be culturally and temporally circumscribed. The volume suggests that one’s own personal experience of suffering, along with the awareness of the seriality of such experience among fellow sufferers, can be conducive to emotional and intellectual growth. The reading of literature dealing with pain can lead to similar results through vicariously experienced suffering, whose emotional corollaries and intellectual consequences may be conveyed through artistic rather than discursive means. The distinctive features of the volume are that it processes these issues in a historicising way, deploying the history of the ideas of pain from the Middle Ages to the present day, and that it makes use of the methodology of different disciplines to do so, arriving to similar conclusions through, as it were, different paths. The disciplines include analytic philosophy, historiography, history of science, oral history, literary studies, and political science.
Handicaps to Host Defense: Effects of Hyperglycemia on C3 and <i>Candida albicans</i> (1990)

The hyperglycemic patient remains persistently at risk for infectious complications. Whether ascribable to diabetes mellitus, to the administration of glucocorticoids, or to the infusion of hyperalimentation fluids, hyperglycemia may impair several mechanisms of humoral host defense, including such varied neutrophil functions as adhesion, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis. In addition, binding of glucose to the biochemically active site of the third component of complement C3 inhibits the attachment of this protein to the microbial surface and thereby impairs opsonization. Last, several pathogens frequently encountered in hyperglycemic patients possess unique mechanisms of virulence that flourish in the hyperglycemic environment. Most notable in this regard is the yeast Candida albicans, which expresses a glucose-inducible protein that is structurally and functionally homologous to a complement receptor on mammalian phagocytes. This protein promotes adhesion in the yeast and subverts phagocytosis by the host. Thus, hyperglycemia serves as a central mechanism in the predisposition of hyperglycemic patients to infection.
Nugent Score Related to Vaginal Culture in Pregnant Women (2001)

In Brief OBJECTIVE To relate Gram-stained smears, using the Nugent criteria, to quantitative and qualitative vaginal cultures in pregnant women. METHODS Two independent evaluators using the Nugent criteria, a standardized method of Gram-stain interpretation designed to detect bacterial vaginosis, scored 104 vaginal smears from pregnant women. The quantitative and qualitative vaginal cultures were assessed at the same time and the results expressed as log10 colony-forming units per gram of vaginal secretion. The Nugent scores were compared with the microbiologic findings. RESULTS The prevalence of normal, intermediate, or bacterial vaginosis vaginal flora as determined by Gram stain was 68%, 21%, and 11%, respectively. A comparison of the mean bacterial counts with the Nugent score showed a weak negative correlation for Lactobacillus species and a positive correlation for gram-variable and gram-negative rods. Additional analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between the mean bacterial counts analyses of Peptostreptococcus, a genus not included in the Nugent scoring system, and the Nugent score. In addition, the Prevotella counts correlated strongly with both the Nugent score and the Peptostreptococcus counts. The quantitative counts for Lactobacillus did not vary significantly among the three defined groups of vaginal microflora; however, significant increases in the concentrations of Gardnerella vaginalis and Prevotella were found as the Nugent score increased. CONCLUSION A strong correlation was found among the gram-variable and gram-negative genera comprised by the Nugent score. Peptostreptococcus also correlated strongly with the Nugent score and with the Prevotella counts, suggesting that this genus may play a role in determining vaginal health. The Nugent score in pregnant women has a weak negative correlation with Lactobacillus and a strong positive correlation with Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella, and Peptostreptococcus.
Characterization of Amyloid Protein AA and Its Serum Precursor SAA in the Horse (1986)

Amyloid was extracted from the liver of a horse that had developed amyloidosis after being used for several years for the production of antibodies to bacterial antigens. The amyloid fibrils were shown to be of the AA type. Two AA proteins with molecular weights of 9000 and 11,000 and with identical partial N-terminal amino acid sequences were identified. Marked structural homology with AA from other species including man was seen, although clear species-related antigenic specificity was observed. SAA isolated from an acute phase (septic abortion) horse serum was identical to AA with respect to antigenicity and the 10 first N-terminal amino acid residues that have been studied up to now. The bulk of SAA was present in the high-density lipoprotein complex in serum. Also SAA was heterogeneous with respect to size, most molecules having a molecular weight of 11,000, and a minority 9000.
Reducing-Agent-Free Instant Synthesis of Carbon-Supported Pd Catalysts in a Green Leidenfrost Droplet Reactor and Catalytic Activity in Formic Acid Dehydrogenation (2016)

The development of green synthesis methods for supported noble metal catalysts remains important challenges to improve their sustainability. Here we first synthesized carbon-supported Pd catalysts in a green Leidenfrost droplet reactor without reducing agents, high-temperature calcination and reduction procedures. When the aqueous solution containing Pd nitrate precursor, carbon support, and water is dripped on a hot plate, vapor layer is formed between a solution droplet and hot surface, which allow the solution droplet to be levitated on the hot surface (Leidenfrost phenomena). Subsequently, Pd nanoparticles can be prepared without reducing agents in a weakly basic droplet reactor created by the Leidenfrost phenomena, and then the as-prepared Pd nanoparticles are loaded on carbon supports during boiling down the droplet on hot surface. Compared to conventional incipient wetness and chemical synthetic methods, the Leidenfrost droplet reactor does not need energy-consuming, time-consuming, and environmentally unfriendly procedures, which leads to much shorter synthesis time, lower carbon dioxide emission, and more ecofriendly process in comparison with conventional synthesis methods. Moreover, the catalysts synthesized in the Leidenfrost droplet reactor provided much better catalytic activity for room-temperature formic acid decomposition than those prepared by the incipient wetness method.
‘Sensory‐efferent’ neural control of mucus secretion: characterization using tachykinin receptor antagonists in ferret trachea <i>in vitro</i> (1994)

1. We characterized the tachykinin receptor(s) mediating 'sensory-efferent' neural control of release of 35SO4-labelled macromolecules (mucus) from ferret trachea in vitro in Ussing chambers using selective tachykinin antagonists. Secretion was induced by substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA), capsaicin, the NK1 tachykinin receptor agonist [Sar9, Met(O2)11]substance P ([Sar9]SP), or acetylcholine (ACh), or by electrical stimulation of nerves. Antagonists used were FK888 and L-668,169, selective for the NK1 receptor, SR 48968, selective for the NK2 receptor, and FK224, a dual antagonist at NK1 and NK2 receptors. The selectivity of FK888 and SR 48968 was examined on NKA-induced contraction of ferret tracheal smooth muscle in vitro. 2. SP (1 microM) increased mucus secretion by 695% above vehicle controls. FK888 (0.1 microM-30 microM) inhibited SP-induced secretion in a dose-dependent manner, with complete inhibition at 10 microM and an IC50 of 1 microM. L-668,169 (1 microM) also completely inhibited SP-induced secretion. 3. NKA (1 microM) significantly increased mucus secretion by 271% above baseline, a response which was completely inhibited by FK888 (10 microM) or L-668,169 (microM). Secretion induced by ACh (10 microM: 317% above baseline) was not inhibited by FK888 but was inhibited by atropine. Capsaicin (10 microM)-induced secretion (456% above vehicle controls) was significantly inhibited by FK888 and by L-668,169 (111% and 103% inhibition respectively). 4. Electrical stimulation (50 V, 10 Hz, 0.5 ms, 5 min) increased mucus output above baseline (increased by 12 to 26 fold), a response blocked by tetrodotoxin (0.1 microM). FK888 (10 microM) inhibited the increase in secretion due to electrical stimulation by 47%. Atropine, propranolol and phentolamine in combination(APP) inhibited the response to electrical stimulation by 48%. The remaining NANC response, i.e. in the presence of APP, was further reduced by 66% with FK888. FK224 (10 microM) inhibited neurally evoked secretion by 73%. SR 48968 (0.1 fLM) had no effect on electrically-stimulated or [Sar9]SP-induced secretion.5. NKA (10nM- 1O microM: in the presence of DMSO control vehicle) induced tracheal smooth muscle contraction in a concentration-dependent manner with a maximal contraction of 30% of the maximal response to ACh (10 mM) and an ECm of 0.3 JAM. SR 48968 (0.1 microM in DMSO) inhibited the NKA induced contraction whereas FK888 did not. Neither antagonist had any inhibitory effect on ACh induced contraction.6. We conclude that 'sensory-efferent' neurogenic mucus secretion in ferret trachea in vitro is mediated via tachykinin NK, receptors with no involvement of NK2 receptors. Potent and selective tachykinin antagonists may have therapeutic potential in bronchial diseases such as asthma and chronic bronchitis in which neurogenic mucus hypersecretion may be aetiologically important.
Cloning and characterization of a Bacillus subtilis transcription unit involved in ATP-dependent DNase synthesis (1988)

By insertional mutagenesis, 36 transformation-deficient, mitomycin C-sensitive Bacillus subtilis mutants were isolated, 16 of which were ATP-dependent DNase (ADD) deficient. PBS1 transduction showed that the mutations were closely linked to the metD marker and weakly linked to the glyB marker. With the aid of one of the mutants, a transcription unit involved in ADD synthesis was cloned. The chromosomal location of the transcription unit was established at the restriction site level by determining the presence or absence of ADD in transformants of wild-type cells obtained with various DNA fragments inserted in pUC derivatives. The transcription unit complemented a mutant in which the add transcription unit had been deleted.
Post- and pre-processing in coding of image sequences using filters with motion compensated history (2003)

To increase the performance of image coding of sequences it is beneficial to apply temporal prefiltering before coding to increase redundancy. To reduce the subjective impact of coding artifacts also temporal postfiltering can be applied after decoding. A problem with both of these techniques however (and of the more general techniques of image sequence enhancement using temporal filters) is that severe distortion may appear in moving objects. The author presents a method to avoid these artifacts of temporal filtering by introducing movement compensated temporal filtering. This technique yields an anisotropic, non-stationary 3-dimensional transfer function, which locally 'tracks' moving objects. The effect is that the problem of unsharp moving objects is significantly reduced, which allows for much lower cut-off frequencies than stationary filters do. The approach works both with FIR- and IIR-type filters. If a linear phase FIR filter is used for postfiltering, combined with a sampling rate increase, it can be seen as a motion compensated interpolator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Single-molecule orientations determined by direct emission pattern imaging (2004)

We demonstrate a new method of determining the three-dimensional dipole orientations of single molecules by direct imaging of the emission patterns in the back focal plane of a high-numerical-aperture objective lens. We compare the reconstructed emission-dipole orientations with a previously established method of absorption-dipole mapping. We find that, for a given number of emitted photons, emission pattern imaging provides better accuracy (1°–2°) than absorption-dipole mapping of single molecules. Compared with some other methods for emission-dipole mapping, the presented method is (1) less sensitive to optical aberrations and adjustment and (2) data analysis is simplified because radiation patterns can be expressed in a simple analytical form.
ABSTRACT: Feasibility study of Seismic-While-Drilling using hammer drilling technology (2000)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
IP route lookups as string matching (2002)

An IP route lookup can be considered as a string matching problem on the destination address. Finite state automata (FSA) are a flexible and efficient way to match strings. This paper describes how a routing table can be encoded as an FSA and how, through a process of state reduction, we can obtain an optimal representation. This gives insights into the basic properties of the longest-prefix match problem.
TREK‐1, a K+ channel involved in neuroprotection and general anesthesia (2004)

TREK-1 is a two-pore-domain background potassium channel expressed throughout the central nervous system. It is opened by polyunsaturated fatty acids and lysophospholipids. It is inhibited by neurotransmitters that produce an increase in intracellular cAMP and by those that activate the Gq protein pathway. TREK-1 is also activated by volatile anesthetics and has been suggested to be an important target in the action of these drugs. Using mice with a disrupted TREK-1 gene, we now show that TREK-1 has an important role in neuroprotection against epilepsy and brain and spinal chord ischemia. Trek1-/- mice display an increased sensitivity to ischemia and epilepsy. Neuroprotection by polyunsaturated fatty acids, which is impressive in Trek1+/+ mice, disappears in Trek1-/- mice indicating a central role of TREK-1 in this process. Trek1-/- mice are also resistant to anesthesia by volatile anesthetics. TREK-1 emerges as a potential innovative target for developing new therapeutic agents for neurology and anesthesiology.
Multiple Beams From Planar Arrays (2013)

The paper describes a general theory of Multiple Beams from Planar Arrays establishing necessary and sufficient conditions for admitting a realizable lossless beamforming network. The developed theory applies concepts deriving from the Whittaker-Kotelnikov-Shannon (WKS) sampling theory, and from its multidimensional extension due to Miyakawa- Petersen- Middleton (MPM), to the problem of generating simultaneous multiple beams from planar phased arrays with generic periodicity and layout. It is proven that the multiple beams positions must satisfy certain reciprocal lattice conditions and that the phase steering vectors of the lossless beamforming network must correspond to the multi-dimensional discrete Fourier transform (MD-DFT). The nontrivial Hermitian orthogonality of the steering vectors, as well as of the multiple beams, is also proven.
The validity of the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register and Causes of Death Register data on coronary heart disease (2005)

Background and design The recent introduction of sensitive markers of myocardial injury is likely to affect the epidemiology of coronary heart disease (CHD). The American Heart Association together with other societies and research agencies have recently published a new definition on acute CHD to improve consistency in epidemiological and clinical studies (referred here as the '2003 definition'). Methods In this study we compare the data on CHD events in the Finnish National Hospital Discharge Register (HDR) and the Causes of Death Register (CDR) with the population-based myocardial infarction (MI) register, FINMONICA/FINAMI. The FINMONICA/FINAMI events were classified according to the 2003 definition. The relevant International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes from the HDR and CDR were used. Results Using the 2003 definition as the reference, the overall sensitivity of the ICD codes for MI in the combined HDR and CDR was 83% and the positive predictive value (PPV) was 90%. When the ICD codes for unstable angina were added to the analyses, the sensitivity improved to 85% and the PPV declined to 83%. In the age group 35–74 the sensitivity of the MI codes improved over time, in men from 64% in 1988–1992 to 81% in 1998–2002, and in women from 61 to 78%, respectively. The oldest age group, 75 years or older, had sensitivity and PPV values comparable to those of the younger. Conclusion Diagnoses of fatal and non-fatal CHD events in the Finnish HDR and Causes of Death register were reasonably valid indicators for hard CHD events when compared with the FINMONICA/FINAMI register data. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 12: 132–137 © 2005 The European Society of Cardiology
Mammalian APH-1 Interacts with Presenilin and Nicastrin and Is Required for Intramembrane Proteolysis of Amyloid-β Precursor Protein and Notch (2002)

Presenilin and nicastrin are essential components of the gamma-secretase complex that is required for the intramembrane proteolysis of an increasing number of membrane proteins including the amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) and Notch. By using co-immunoprecipitation and nickel affinity pull-down approaches, we now show that mammalian APH-1 (mAPH-1), a conserved multipass membrane protein, physically associates with nicastrin and the heterodimers of the presenilin amino- and carboxyl-terminal fragments in human cell lines and in rat brain. Similar to the loss of presenilin or nicastrin, the inactivation of endogenous mAPH-1 using small interfering RNAs results in the decrease of presenilin levels, accumulation of gamma-secretase substrates (APP carboxyl-terminal fragments), and reduction of gamma-secretase products (amyloid-beta peptides and the intracellular domains of APP and Notch). These data indicate that mAPH-1 is probably a functional component of the gamma-secretase complex required for the intramembrane proteolysis of APP and Notch.
http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jrme/papers/Vol-7%20Issue-1/Version-4/D0701042226.pdf (2017)

The Higher Education landscape is undergoing tremendous transformation to meet the socioeconomic and technological changes of the 21 st century. In order keep abreast and meet the diverse needs of adult learners, Higher Education Institutions (HEI's) are compelled to re-visit and re-shape their teaching and learning strategies. The Business Studies Unit (BSU) operates in a highly turbulent market with many challenges. This study has been instigated in order to address the concerns of a group of dissenting students on the contentious issue of the teaching methodology employed at the BSU not being conducive to adult learning. The importance of this research is to garner information to enable the evaluation of the teaching methodology at the BSU. To set the tone, a change management strategy is recommended to the BSU. This will help address the challenges experienced at the BSU in terms of the decrease in the enrolment numbers resulting in the loss of funding opportunities.
Rapid Transcriptome Changes Induced by Cytosolic Ca2+ Transients Reveal ABRE-Related Sequences as Ca2+-Responsive<i>cis</i>Elements in<i>Arabidopsis</i> (2006)

The regulation of gene expression by cellular calcium is crucial for plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the number of genes known to respond to specific transient calcium signals is limited, and as yet there is no definition of a calcium-responsive cis element in plants. Here, we generated specific cytosolic calcium transients in intact Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and linked them to early transcriptome changes, followed by bioinformatic analysis of the responsive genes. A cytosolic calcium transient induced by calmodulin antagonists and blocked by lanthanides was characterized using aequorin-based luminometry and photon imaging. Analysis of transcriptome changes revealed 230 calcium-responsive genes, of which 162 were upregulated and 68 were downregulated. These include known early stress-responsive genes as well as genes of unknown function. Analysis of their upstream regions revealed, exclusively in the upregulated genes, a highly significant occurrence of a consensus sequence (P < 10(-13)) comprising two abscisic acid-specific cis elements: the abscisic acid-responsive element (ABRE; CACGTG[T/C/G]) and its coupling element ([C/A]ACGCG[T/C/G]) [corrected] Finally, we show that a tetramer of the ABRE cis element is sufficient to confer transcriptional activation in response to cytosolic Ca(2+) transients. Thus, at least for some specific Ca(2+) transients and motif combinations, ABREs function as Ca(2+)-responsive cis elements.