gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Odorants of the same odor class activate different second messenger pathways (1991)

Journal Article Odorants of the same odor class activate different second messenger pathways Get access H. Breer, H. Breer University Stuttgart-Hohenheim, Department of ZoophysiologyGarbenstrasse 30, 7000 Stuttgart 70, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar I. Boekhoff I. Boekhoff University Stuttgart-Hohenheim, Department of ZoophysiologyGarbenstrasse 30, 7000 Stuttgart 70, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Chemical Senses, Volume 16, Issue 1, February 1991, Pages 19–29, https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/16.1.19 Published: 01 February 1991 Article history Received: 12 February 1990 Accepted: 15 July 1990 Published: 01 February 1991
Geometric primitive extraction using tabu search (1996)

In this paper, we propose a novel method for extracting the geometric primitives from geometric data. Specifically, we use tabu search to solve geometric primitive extraction problem. In the best of our knowledge, it is the first attempt that tabu search is used in computer vision. Our tabu search (TS) has a number of advantages: (1) TS avoids entrapment in local minima and continues the search to give a near-optimal final solution; (2) TS is very general and conceptually much simpler than either SA or GA; (3) TS is very easy to implement and the entire procedure only occupies a few lines of code; (4) TS is a flexible framework of a variety of strategies originating from artificial intelligence and is therefore open to further improvement.
Anticodon Domain Methylated Nucleosides of Yeast tRNA<sup>Phe</sup> Are Significant Recognition Determinants in the Binding of a Phage Display Selected Peptide (2001)

The contributions of the natural modified nucleosides to RNA identity in protein/RNA interactions are not understood. We had demonstrated that 15 amino acid long peptides could be selected from a random phage display library using the criterion of binding to a modified, rather than unmodified, anticodon domain of yeast tRNA(Phe) (ASL(Phe)). Affinity and specificity of the selected peptides for the modified ASL(Phe) have been characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy of the peptides' tryptophans. One of the peptides selected, peptide t(F)2, exhibited the highest specificity and most significant affinity for ASL(Phe) modified with 2'-O-methylated cytidine-32 and guanosine-34 (Cm(32) and Gm(34)) and 5-methylated cytidine-40 (m(5)C(40)) (K(d) = 1.3 +/- 0.4 microM) and a doubly modified ASL(Phe)-Gm(34),m(5)C(40) and native yeast tRNA(Phe) (K(d) congruent with 2.3 and 3.8 microM, respectively) in comparison to that for the unmodified ASL(Phe) (K(d) = 70.1 +/- 12.3 microM). Affinity was reduced when a modification altered the ASL loop structure, and binding was negated by modifications that disfavored hairpin formation. Peptide t(F)2's higher affinity for the ASL(Phe)-Cm(32),Gm(34),m(5)C(40) hairpin and fluorescence resonance energy transfer from its tryptophan to the hypermodified wybutosine-37 in the native tRNA(Phe) placed the peptide across the anticodon loop and onto the 3'-side of the stem. Inhibition of purified yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (FRS) catalyzed aminoacylation of cognate yeast tRNA(Phe) corroborated the peptide's binding to the anticodon domain. The phage-selected peptide t(F)2 has three of the four amino acids crucial to G(34) recognition by the beta-structure of the anticodon-binding domain of Thermus thermophilus FRS and exhibited circular dichroism spectral properties characteristic of beta-structure. Thus, modifications as simple as methylations contribute identity elements that a selected peptide specifically recognizes in binding synthetic and native tRNA and in inhibiting tRNA aminoacylation.
Micropropagation of rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) (1998)

Tissue cultures were established from newly expanded leaves and axillary buds of rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.). Calli formed from these explants, but no regeneration occurred. Shoots were obtained from axillary buds cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium (Physiol. Plant. 15: 473-497, 1962) supplemented with 1.0 mg/l kinetin, 1.0 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 20 g/l sucrose and 4 g/l Difco agar. Formation of a root similar to a tap root was induced on MS medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 3.0 mg/l indolylbutyric acid (IBA), 50 g/l sucrose and 4 g/l Difco agar. Several types of explants were used in attempts to recover complete rubber tree plants with well-developed tap roots. Leaf explants and axillary buds formed calli on MS basic medium with different combinations of kinetin, benzylaminopurine (BAP), 2,4-D, IBA, NAA and indolylacetic acid (IAA). The antibiotic tetracycline was also used to control possible bacterial infections. However, no antibiotic effect was noted. Calli formation was abundant, but no regeneration was observed when the calli from different media was transferred to MS medium without growth hormones. On this basic medium, callus cultures became necrotic and died. Shoots developed from axillary buds, rooted vigorously when cultured on MS medium with NAA, IAA, and IBA. Based on these results, further studies with commercially important clones should lead to a feasible micropropagation technique.
Topographical Thickness of the Epithelium and Total Cornea after Hydrogel and PMMA Contact Lens Wear with Eye Closure (2003)

This study shows that corneal swelling is dependent on lens type and corneal location when eyes are closed, but epithelial thickness across the horizontal corneal meridian does not change during lens wear with eyes closed. OCT is an efficient method of measuring topographical corneal and epithelial thickness in response to contact lens wear.
ERISdb: A Database of Plant Splice Sites and Splicing Signals (2013)

Splicing is one of the major contributors to observed spatiotemporal diversification of transcripts and proteins in metazoans. There are numerous factors that affect the process, but splice sites themselves along with the adjacent splicing signals are critical here. Unfortunately, there is still little known about splicing in plants and, consequently, further research in some fields of plant molecular biology will encounter difficulties. Keeping this in mind, we performed a large-scale analysis of splice sites in eight plant species, using novel algorithms and tools developed by us. The analyses included identification of orthologous splice sites, polypyrimidine tracts and branch sites. Additionally we identified putative intronic and exonic cis-regulatory motifs, U12 introns as well as splice sites in 45 microRNA genes in five plant species. We also provide experimental evidence for plant splice sites in the form of expressed sequence tag and RNA-Seq data. All the data are stored in a novel database called ERISdb and are freely available at http://lemur.amu.edu.pl/share/ERISdb/.
Using method lookup caches and register windowing to speed up dynamically-bound object-oriented applications (2002)

The implementation of dynamically bound object oriented programming languages require the ability to quickly bind a logical reference to a method and to quickly allocate a context for the invoked method. In this paper we examine how a method lookup cache (MLC) and a register windowing mechanism can speed up method binding and context allocation. We also show how the MLC can be incorporated into a contemporary pipelined datapath. A detailed register level simulation of the proposed scheme, driven by a set of fairly intensive object-oriented applications, show that a relatively small method lookup cache with only 64 or 128 entries reduces the average execution time of the applications by about 50%. With register windowing and the MLC, execution time reduces by 76% to 87% with respect to the base machine.
Myostatin expression in porcine tissues: tissue specificity and developmental and postnatal regulation (1998)

The objective of this study was to establish the developmental pattern and tissue specificity of porcine myostatin expression and to evaluate expression in skeletal muscle during circumstances in which muscle growth was altered. Northern blot analysis revealed two transcripts (1.5 and 0.8 kb). Myostatin mRNA was detected in whole fetuses at 21 and 35 days and was markedly increased (P < 0.05) by 49 days. At birth, mRNA abundance in longissimus muscle had declined significantly (P < 0.05) from that at day 105 of gestation and continued to decrease (P < 0.05) to its lowest level 2 wk postnatally (4 kg body wt). Myostatin expression was higher (P < 0. 05) at 55, 107, and 162 kg body wt than at 4 kg body wt. Postnatally, myostatin mRNA was detected in skeletal muscle and mammary gland. Expression at birth was 65% higher (P < 0.04) in longissimus muscle of low-birth-weight piglets (0.57 +/- 0.052 kg body wt) vs. normal (1.37 +/- 0.077 kg body wt) littermates, irrespective of gender. However, suppression of longissimus muscle growth by food deprivation (3 days) did not alter (P > 0.15) myostatin expression in either 4- or 7-wk-old piglets. Additionally, myostatin mRNA abundance was not changed by porcine growth hormone administration in growing animals. These data indicate that myostatin expression in skeletal muscle peaks prenatally and that greater expression is associated with low birth weight. Expression in mammary gland indicates a possible role for myostatin in mammary gland development and/or lactation.
Pulsed bias effect on crystallinity and nano-roughness of Ti6Al4V-N films deposited by grid assisted magnetron sputtering system (2014)

This paper reports the effect of pulsed bias in comparison with DC bias on reactive deposition of Ti6Al4V-N films, obtained by Grid Assisted Magnetron Sputtering. The results obtained by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (EDX) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) show that bias condition affects the crystalline texture and change the roughness and morphology of the films. The DC bias favors the film crystallinity, however the pulsed bias produces smoother films.
Backscatter Relay Communications Powered by Wireless Energy Beamforming (2018)

The integration of wireless power transfer (WPT) with the low-power backscatter communications provides a promising way to sustain battery-less wireless networks. In this paper, we consider a backscatter communication network wirelessly powered by a power beacon station (PBS). Each backscatter radio uses the harvested energy to power its data transmissions, in which some other radios can help as the wireless relays with an aim to improve throughput performance by cooperative transmission. Under this setting, we formulate a throughput maximization problem to jointly optimize WPT and the relay strategy of the backscatter radios. An iterative algorithm with reduced complexity and communication overhead is proposed to decompose the original problem into two sub-problems distributed at the PBS and the backscatter receiver. Moreover, we take uncertain channel information into consideration and formulate robust counter-parts of the throughput maximization problem when either the backscatter or relay channel is subject to estimation errors. The difficulty of the robust counter-part lies in the coupling of the PBS' power allocation and relay strategy in matrix inequalities, which is addressed by alternating optimization with guaranteed convergence. Numerical results reveal that the cooperative relay strategy of the backscatter radios significantly improves the throughput performance.
Global Cardiovascular Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (2012)

A s part of a series of reports on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention, this review provides a global perspective on the needs and opportunities for effective public health action.The global burden, disparities, and costs of CVD have been a mounting concern in recent decades, with repeated calls for action to arrest and reverse this global epidemic.Over the past decade, attention to the challenge and opportunity for meaningful intervention has grown.This is due in part to improved estimates of the magnitude of the problem; forecasts of its increasing adverse impact not only on health but also on social and economic development, especially in low-and middle-income countries; and assessments of the cost-effectiveness of feasible interventions.The case for CVD prevention and long-established intervention strategies are reviewed as background to recent developments.An extensive review and recommendations reported by the Institute of Medicine in 2010 signaled important potential changes in approaches to CVD prevention globally.In the current context of global health, CVD is seen not in isolation but as a major component of the leading noncommunicable diseases (NCDs): CVDs, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes mellitus.Accordingly, the broader arena of NCD prevention and control has come to predominate over CVD alone.From this viewpoint, 3 recent developments are of central importance: the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals (MDGs; which omitted reference to NCDs), the global response that led to the historic High-Level Meeting of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) on NCDs in September 2011, and currently proposed policies and recommendations on NCD prevention.The charge from the UNGA to the World Health Organization (WHO) in the declaration from the September 2011 meeting establishes an aggressive timeline for progress.Options for intervention are to be presented by the end of 2012, and an extensive review of progress is planned for 2014.Several opportunities, in principle, for the CVD community to contribute to this process in the interest of cardiovascular health (CVH) promotion and CVD prevention conclude this report.
Reactions of oxomolybdenum compounds with nitrogen donor ligands and related computational calculational calculations (2009)

Reactions of the dioxomolybdenum(VI) compound, MoCl2O2 with phenylenediamine derivatives the bidentate N-N nitrogen ligands 1-8 (ophenylenediamine, N-phenyl-o-phenylenediamine, 4-Methyl-o-phenylenediamine, 4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, 2,6- dichloro-p-phenylenediamine, 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, respectively) have been examined under nitrogen in THF solution. The novel dioxomolybdenum complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. In addition, molecular mechanics and quantum chemical calculations including semi empirical PM3 and DFT methods were carried out to discuss the stability of the compounds.
We Need Both Exploratory and Confirmatory (1980)

Abstract We often forget how science and engineering function. Ideas come from previous exploration more often than from lightning strokes. Important questions can demand the most careful planning for confirmatory analysis. Broad general inquiries are also important. Finding the question is often more important than finding the answer. Exploratory data analysis is an attitude, a flexibility, and a reliance on display, NOT a bundle of techniques, and should be so taught. Confirmatory data analysis, by contrast, is easier to teach and easier to computerize. We need to teach both; to think about science and engineering more broadly; to be prepared to randomize and avoid multiplicity. Key Words: Exploratory data analysisConfirmatory data analysisParadigms of science and engineeringSources of ideasRandomizationMultiplicity
Tpr directly binds to Mad1 and Mad2 and is important for the Mad1–Mad2-mediated mitotic spindle checkpoint (2008)

The mitotic arrest-deficient protein Mad1 forms a complex with Mad2, which is required for imposing mitotic arrest on cells in which the spindle assembly is perturbed. By mass spectrometry of affinity-purified Mad2-associated factors, we identified the translocated promoter region (Tpr), a component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), as a novel Mad2-interacting protein. Tpr directly binds to Mad1 and Mad2. Depletion of Tpr in HeLa cells disrupts the NPC localization of Mad1 and Mad2 during interphase and decreases the levels of Mad1-bound Mad2. Furthermore, depletion of Tpr decreases the levels of Mad1 at kinetochores during prometaphase, correlating with the inability of Mad1 to activate Mad2, which is required for inhibiting APC(Cdc20). These findings reveal an important role for Tpr in which Mad1-Mad2 proteins are regulated during the cell cycle and mitotic spindle checkpoint signaling.
The role of ethnicity in cancer susceptibility gene polymorphisms: the example of CYP1A1 (1998)

Individual susceptibility to cancer from environmental agents may be influenced by polymorphic metabolic genes such as CYP1A1. The CYP1A1 gene contains four major polymorphisms identified to date. A modern nomenclature system, used with other genes, is presented to clarify the identity of these polymorphisms. The various CYP1A1 alleles exhibit population frequencies that depend on ethnicity. The association of these alleles with cancer at several sites has also been found to depend on racial or ethnic origin of the study population. Statistical considerations, such as the need for large studies when the power to detect a rare polymorphism is low, and ethnic differences in genetic linkage disequilibrium are among possible reasons for ethnic-specific effects on cancer susceptibility related to metabolic gene polymorphisms. New efforts to determine population frequencies of such polymorphisms are essential for future research in this area.
New Insights into the Central PACAPergic System from the Phenotypes in PACAP‐ and PACAP Receptor‐Knockout Mice (2006)

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a structurally highly conserved neuropeptide and displays pleiotropic activity, including functioning as a neurotransmitter, neuromodulator, and neurotrophic factor. A series of recent experiments, including genetic manipulation of PACAP and its receptors, has led to better understanding of both normal and pathological processes in which PACAP has been proposed to play a role, and sheds light on previously uncharacterized functions of endogenous PACAP. The aim of this article is to briefly review the recent advances in understanding the role of PACAP in the central nervous system from PACAP- and PACAP receptor-deficient mice, particularly with respect to behavioral and neurological features, including psychomotor behavior, feeding, stress responses, memory performance, ethanol sensitivity, chronic pain, and circadian rhythms. This article also discusses their potential involvement in human diseases.
Moisture Nonuniformity and Sampling Errors in Large Cheddar Cheese Blocks (2001)

A study was made of the impact of nonuniform moisture distribution in 290 kg blocks of cheese on the accuracy of sampling the cheese for moisture content. The range of moisture from center to outside surfaces of the blocks was about 5%. The temperature gradient, developed in the first 24-48 h after cheese making, drove the moisture migration from warm to cold areas in the cheese blocks during initial cooling. The moisture gradient from center to outside of each block, the non-symmetrical nature of the gradient, and the actual length of the core sample all contributed to random and systemic error in sampling within a single cheese plant. It was concluded that average moisture differences from vat to vat in a factory were small, and large variations in moisture tests were due to sampling errors.
Early-Life Stress Reduces DNA Methylation of the Pomc Gene in Male Mice (2014)

Early-life stress (ELS) increases the vulnerability thresholds for stress-related diseases such as major depression and anxiety by inducing alterations in the structure and function of neural circuits and endocrine pathways. We previously demonstrated the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms to the long-term programming of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis activity following ELS exposure in male mice. Here, ELS comprising daily separation of pups from their dams on postnatal days 1-10 was observed to up-regulate the expression of the pituitary proopiomelanocortin (Pomc) gene; POMC serves as a prohormone for ACTH, a key mediator of the adrenocortical response to stress. Detailed analysis revealed that the increase in Pomc mRNA levels results from a reduction in DNA methylation at a critical regulatory region of the Pomc gene; interestingly, this change occurs with some delay after ELS and persists for up to 1 year. Using a Pomc-expressing pituitary cell line (AtT20), we confirmed a role for DNA methylation in restraining Pomc expression under resting conditions: specifically, we show that CpG site-specific methylation of the Pomc promoter represses Pomc mRNA transcription. Further, we show high-affinity binding of methyl-CpG binding protein-2 to the distal promoter of Pomc, suggesting that methyl-CpG binding protein-2 acts in association with the chromatin modifiers histone deacetylase 2 and DNA methyltransferase 1 to repress Pomc gene expression. Collectively, these experiments contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms through which environmental cues are translated into stable changes ("cellular memory") in neuroendocrine cells.
Characterization of Platelet Lysate Cultured Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Potential Use in Tissue-Engineered Osteogenic Devices for the Treatment of Bone Defects (2009)

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), seeded onto a scaffold and associated with platelet-gel, may represent an innovative treatment to improve bone repair. The preparation of MSCs for clinical use requires the fulfillment of Good Manufacturing Practice indications. The aim of this study was to validate a Good Manufacturing Practice-grade protocol of tissue engineering for bone regeneration, seeding platelet lysate (PL)-cultured MSCs onto an hydroxyapatite clinical-grade scaffold. Six large-scale experiments were performed. MSC expansions were performed comparing fetal bovine serum 10% and PL 5%. We demonstrated that PL lots contain high levels of growth factors possibly responsible of accelerated growth rate, since the number of colony-forming unit-fibroblast and population doublings were always significantly higher in PL cultures. MSCs were characterized for their phenotype and multilineage differentiation capacity, demonstrating appropriate features for both conditions. Gene expression analysis revealed higher expression of typical osteogenic genes of PL-cultured MSCs, when compared to fetal bovine serum MSCs. Cell transformation was excluded by analysis of karyotype, absence of growth without anchorage, and p53/c-myc gene expression. Scaffolds were precoated with retronectin before MSC seeding. MSC adhesion, distribution, and proliferation were demonstrated through the whole surface of the scaffold by scanning electron microscopy analysis or by immunofluorescence and MSC osteogenic differentiation through quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of typical osteogenic genes. The present report offers a model of an MSC-based bioengineered device, using an hydroxyapatite clinical-grade scaffold, and supports its potential use in tissue engineering to repair bone defects.