gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Early Diagnosis of Dengue Infection Using a Commercial Dengue Duo Rapid Test Kit for the Detection of NS1, IGM, and IGG (2010)

A commercial Dengue Duo rapid test kit was evaluated for early dengue diagnosis by detection of dengue virus NS1 antigen and immunoglobulin M (IgM)/IgG antibodies. A total of 420 patient serum samples were subjected to real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in-house IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hemagglutination inhibition assay, and the SD Dengue Duo rapid test. Of the 320 dengue acute and convalescent sera, dengue infection was detected by either serology or RT-PCR in 300 samples (93.75%), as compared with 289 samples (90.31%) in the combined SD Duo NS1/IgM. The NS1 detection rate is inversely proportional, whereas the IgM detection rate is directly proportional to the presence of IgG antibodies. The sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing acute dengue infection in the SD Duo NS1/IgM were 88.65% and 98.75%, respectively. The assay is sensitive and highly specific. Detection of both NS1 and IgM by SD Duo gave comparable detection rate by either serology or RT-PCR.
TSC2 modulates actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion through TSC1-binding domain and the Rac1 GTPase (2004)

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) 1 and TSC2 are thought to be involved in protein translational regulation and cell growth, and loss of their function is a cause of TSC and lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). However, TSC1 also activates Rho and regulates cell adhesion. We found that TSC2 modulates actin dynamics and cell adhesion and the TSC1-binding domain (TSC2-HBD) is essential for this function of TSC2. Expression of TSC2 or TSC2-HBD in TSC2-/- cells promoted Rac1 activation, inhibition of Rho, stress fiber disassembly, and focal adhesion remodeling. The down-regulation of TSC1 with TSC1 siRNA in TSC2-/- cells activated Rac1 and induced loss of stress fibers. Our data indicate that TSC1 inhibits Rac1 and TSC2 blocks this activity of TSC1. Because TSC1 and TSC2 regulate Rho and Rac1, whose activities are interconnected in a reciprocal fashion, loss of either TSC1 or TSC2 function may result in the deregulation of cell motility and adhesion, which are associated with the pathobiology of TSC and LAM.
Doppler Satellite Surveying System (1978)

The Doppler Satellite System has become an indispensable tool for the surveyor. Because of its portability, all weather capabilities, reasonable cost, and accuracies at the sub-meter level, the Doppler satellite surveying technique is increasingly being used by surveyors around the world to meet control requirements for a variety of applications. The National Geodetic Survey which has utilized Doppler positioning since 1973 has found that with improved tracking instrumentation, field operating procedures, and refinements in the data reduction programs, positional rms errors are now less than 50 cm for 40-pass solutions and 10-cm to 25-cm for differential positions. While studies are continuing to determine the limiting accuracy of the present Doppler system, improved Doppler satellite surveying using the Global Positioning System (GPS) is being researched. Preliminary studies indicate this system may be more practical and cost effective in meeting the needs of the worldwide surveying community by giving better than 10-cm accuracy within a day's observations.
A Direct Synthetic Approach to Tripodal Imidazole Compounds. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Relationship of Circulating Antibody to the Local Inflammatory Reaction to Antigen (the Arthus Phenomenon) (1935)

Summary The results shown in this paper indicate that the presence of circulating precipitin is necessary for local inflammatory reactions of the type described by Arthus. The severity of the Arthus reaction in the skin is directly correlated with the amount of antibody in the blood. When the circulating precipitin disappears with time or is eliminated by an intravenous injection of antigen from an actively sensitized animal known to be capable of giving an Arthus reaction, that animal is no longer sensitive to the skin test. The injection of an amount of antigen just sufficient to remove all the circulating antibody results immediately in the loss of skin sensitivity. All of the evidence obtained indicates that tissue hypersensitiveness in an actively sensitized animal is dependent upon the formation of antibody by the animal and is reflected by the presence of precipitin in the circulation. The importance of antibody in the Arthus test is further brought out in the experiments upon passive transfer of hypersensitiveness. When the precipitin is absorbed from an antiserum, that antiserum loses its power to sensitize passively a normal animal. Such a serum is also unable to elicit a reaction on injection into the skin of a normal animal which has been injected intravenously with the specific antigen. The tissue sensitizing substance in an antiserum appears to be inseparable from and, probably, identical with the precipitin. Several of these observations are contrary to those reported by Kahn in his numerous publications upon the subject and cast doubt upon the conclusions to which Kahn has been led. The existence in the skin or other organs of any sensitizing agency other than the antibody appears not to be essential for an explanation of the mechanism of the Arthus reaction. Such an agency has, furthermore, thus far not been demonstrated. The data here offered supports entirely the contention of Opie that the union of antibody with antigen is responsible for the Arthus reaction.
Affinement expérimental de l'isotherme Al-Fe-Si à 1000 K (2004)

With more than fifteen reported stable binary and ternary compounds, the Al-Fe-Si phase diagram is rather complex. To get a better insight into that diagram, experiments were carried out by isothermal diffusion and thermal analysis. The results of these experiments have been combined with previous data to provide a refined Al-Fe-Si section at 1000 K.
Ractopamine hydrochloride improves growth performance and carcass composition in immunocastrated boars, intact boars, and gilts (2009)

The beta-agonist ractopamine is a dietary ingredient that improves growth and increases the lean mass with little change in fat mass in gilts and barrows. Limited data in boars indicate that dietary ractopamine may increase lean tissue and decrease fat deposition, whereas there are no data for immunocastrated boars. The aims of this investigation were 1) to assess whether the growth performance of all sexes could be maintained over 31 d by using a step-up dietary ractopamine feeding program of 5 mg/kg of ractopamine for the first 14 d, then increasing the dose to 10 mg/kg for a further 17 d, and 2) to determine if dietary ractopamine would increase lean mass in all sexes and decrease fat mass in boars and immunocastrated boars. The study involved 286 pigs randomized and proportionally allocated by breed into 24 groups of 11 or 12 pigs at 17 wk of age, with equal groups of boars, immunocastrated boars, and gilts. Dietary ractopamine decreased (P = 0.005) ADFI during the first 2 wk, particularly in the intact and immunocastrated boars, with the reduction in ADFI being maintained in the immunocastrated boars after the increment in dietary ractopamine. Daily BW gain was not altered by dietary ractopamine during the first 2 wk, but was increased (P < 0.001) after the increment in dietary ractopamine. Dietary ractopamine decreased (P < or = 0.033) feed conversion ratio in all sexes with the response being greater after the increase in dietary ractopamine. Carcass weight was increased (P < 0.001) by dietary ractopamine in all sexes, whereas back fat tended (P = 0.076) to be reduced in the immunocastrated boars. Dietary ractopamine increased (P = 0.018) lean tissue mass by 4.0, 4.8, and 6.5 kg in the intact boars, gilts, and immunocastrated boars, respectively. In the entire and immunocastrated boars, the increase in lean tissue was accompanied with a decrease (P = 0.004) in fat mass. There was little effect of dietary ractopamine on fat mass in gilts. However, carcass percent fat was decreased (P = 0.004) and percent lean increased (P = 0.006) in all sexes. Immunocastration caused a decrease in lean tissue mass and an increase in fat mass and an increase in ADFI in the last one-half of the study. Dietary ractopamine may decrease fat mass in intact and immunocastrated boars and offers an excellent means of maximizing the effects of immunocastration and minimizing the increase in fat mass sometimes observed in immunocastrated boars.
Matching error based criterion of region merging for joint motion estimation and segmentation techniques (2002)

This paper describes a region merging method for joint motion estimation and segmentation of digital video sequences. The region merging criterion is based on the measure of the matching error for a region when applying a previously estimated motion to it. A region adjacency graph is used for data representation, which allows a scan independent processing and gives a high-level view. The method is simple-shape object-oriented and starts from a block-based segmentation. The aim of the proposed technique is to define simple shaped objects in a scene using motion information and a simple test.
CSMT: Simultaneous Multithreading for Clustered VLIW Processors (2009)

Simultaneous MultiThreading (SMT) is a well-known technique that improves resource utilization by exploiting thread-level parallelism at the instruction grain level. However, implementing SMT for VLIWs requires complex structures, which is contrary to the VLIW philosophy of hardware simplicity. In this paper, we propose Cluster-level Simultaneous MultiThreading (CSMT) to allow some degree of SMT in clustered VLIW processors with low hardware cost and complexity. CSMT considers the set of operations that execute simultaneously in a given cluster as the assignment unit. To minimize cluster conflicts between threads, a very simple hardware-based cluster renaming mechanism is proposed. The hardware required to implement CSMT is cheap, realistic, and practical for a clustered VLIW processor. An analysis of the hardware required to implement CSMT shows that it is quite scalable, with up to eight threads easily supported at low hardware cost. The experimental results show that CSMT significantly improves performance when compared with other multithreading approaches suited for VLIW. For instance, with four threads, CSMT shows an average speedup of 110 percent over a single-thread VLIW architecture and 40 percent over Interleaved MultiThreading (IMT). In some cases, speedup can be as high as 225 percent over single-thread architecture and 84 percent over IMT.
Effect of Electromagnetic Vibrations on Fe-Co-B-Si-Nb Bulk Metallic Glasses (2006)

It is known that cooling rate from the liquid state is an important factor for producing the bulk metallic glasses. However, almost no other factors such as electric and/or magnetic fields were investigated. The present authors have reported that a new method for producing Mg-Cu-Y bulk metallic glasses by using electromagnetic vibrations is effective in forming the metallic glass phase. Moreover, the present authors have reported that the glass-forming ability of Fe-Co-B-Si-Nb alloys also is enhanced with increasing the electromagnetic vibration force. Thus, this study aims to investigate effects of the electromagnetic vibrations on Fe-Co-B-Si-Nb bulk metallic glasses in order to investigate further. Half round lines which consist of fine crystal particles in a glassy phase were observed in the boundary part of the molybdenum electrode for the alloy with the electromagnetic vibrations. It was considered that the reactants of the molybdenum electrode which were solid at 1573 K were moved into the sample by the electromagnetic vibrations and caused the nuclei of crystal particles which composed the half round lines. If tungsten was used as the electrodes, there was no influence of electrodes in the center of the samples. When molybdenum or tungsten was used as the electrodes, the effect of the electromagnetic vibrations was found to be the same, namely the electromagnetic vibrations act on decreasing the number of crystal nuclei.
Computer Aided Analysis and Optimization of Mechanical System Dynamics (1985)

These proceedings contain lectures presented at the NATO-NSF-ARO sponsored Advanced Study I stitute on Computer Aided Analysis and Optimization of Mechanical System Dynamics held in Iowa City, Iowa, 1-12 August, 1983. Lectures were presented by free world leaders in the field of machine dynamics and optimization. Participants in the Institute were specialists from throughout NATO, many of whom presented contributed papers during the Institute and all of whom participated actively in discussions on technical aspects of the subject. The proceedings are organized into five parts, each addressing a technical aspect of the field of computational methods in dynamic analysis and design of mechanical systems. The introductory paper presented first in the text outlines some of the numerous technical considerations that must be given to organizing effective and efficient computational methods and computer codes to serve engineers in dynamic analysis and design of mechanical systems. Two substantially different approaches to the field are identified in this introduction and are given attention throughout the text. The first and most classical approach uses a minimal set of Lagrangian generalized coordinates to formulate equations of motion with a small number of constraints. The second method uses a maximal set of cartesian coordinates and leads to a large number of differential and algebraic constraint equations of rather simple form. These fundamentally different approaches and associated methods of symbolic computation, numerical integration, and use of computer graphics are addressed throughout the proceedings.
Relationships Between Flavoring Capabilities, Bacterial Composition, and Geographical Origin of Natural Whey Cultures Used for Traditional Water-Buffalo Mozzarella Cheese Manufacture (2003)

Natural whey cultures (NWC) (n = 29) used for traditional water-buffalo Mozzarella cheese manufacture and arising from different geographical areas of production were characterized and grouped on the basis of their capability to develop neutral volatile compounds and according to their microbial diversity as revealed by molecular analysis. The flavoring properties of NWC were studied in dairy microcosms resembling the specific technological procedure used in the traditional water-buffalo Mozzarella cheese-making. Neutral volatile compounds were identified by high-resolution gas chromatography (HRGC)-mass spectrometry analysis while information on the microbial diversity occurring in the NWC was retrieved by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of 16S rDNA after direct DNA extraction. Neoformation volatile substances (n = 27) were found; 23 were identified and some of them recognized as odor-conferring molecules. Eight different bands, referable to eight microbial species, were obtained by PCR-DGGE analysis of the NWC. Statistical analyses were applied to PCR-DGGE and HRGC data. Interestingly, the flavoring capabilities and the microbial diversity of the NWC proved to be closely linked and both related to the geographical origin of the NWC. These results suggested a possible use of the molecular characterization of the dairy products to support the traceability criteria of typical dairy products like water-buffalo Mozzarella cheese.
Salt waste treatment from a LiCl-KCl based pyrochemical spent fuel treatment process (2008)

Spent nuclear fuel may be treated using molten salt electrochemical techniques to separate fission products and actinide metals. Salt waste arising from the electrorefining process contains alkali metals, alkaline-earth and rare earth fission products, along with residual actinides. The removal of fission product elements has been investigated using zeolite ion exchange and phosphate precipitation, which allow the salt electrolyte to be recycled back into the main electrorefining vessel. Recycling the salt minimizes the volume of high level waste (HLW) generated and yields the fission products in a form more amenable to immobilization in a final disposal matrix. Several sets of experiments have been completed, all of which have significant implications for the use of these techniques on an industrial scale, as well as their ability to clean up the salt, and potentially produce robust and durable waste forms.
Micronuclei and chromatid buds are the result of related genotoxic events (2001)

Chromatin buds (CHB), broken eggs, or budding cell nuclei are structures similar to micronuclei (MN) in shape, structure, and size, which are linked to the main nuclei of cells by a thread or stalks of chromatin. They have been observed in numerous cell types and there are reports of their existence relating them with MN or with genotoxic events. However, there is no systematic study reporting their frequency and no experiment has been done to ascertain whether they are really induced by genotoxins. Furthermore, they have been discarded as genotoxic events with the argument that they are not formed in dividing cells. Studies are presented here that indicate that CHB can be considered as genotoxic events and that their origin is comparable to that of MN. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was used to label proliferating lymphocytes, which were later identified by means of an immunohistochemical method, using the H2O2-DAB stain. The results show that CHB are consistently formed where MN are seen. CHB were induced by the clastogen mitomycin C (MMC) as well as by the aneuploidogen colcemid, with frequencies similar to MN in both cases, and to multinucleated cells in the case of colcemid. CHB occur in lymphocytes of smokers with frequencies similar to those of MN, and we found that the infection with Taenia solium metacestodes induced a comparable increase of both MN and CHB frequency in lymphocytes from pigs.
Birefringence data analysis (2006)

This paper describes the mathematics and numerical implementation in Matlab for analyzing birefringence data to assess laser damage of glass. The physical system under consideration is silica glass (SiO2) for lenses used in photolithography for computer chip manufacture. The 193-nm light used in current photolithography systems is known to damage the glass over time (with billions of pulses of exposure). One feature of the damage is a permanent structural change with an associated density change that produces permanently altered optical properties. When the optical property change exceeds roughly 10 −6, the smallest features on a silicon wafer cannot be resolved. It is of interest to characterize the laser-induced damage with precise measurements. One method to characterize damage involves exposing a bar of glass using a controlled exposure (through an aperture) and measuring the birefringence periodically through the course of the exposure. The birefringence is measured in the direction of exposure on a two-dimensional grid of points. This paper describes how to analyze the resulting map of birefringence using a calculation of the strain field in the glass following exposure and a calculation of the related strain-induced birefringence. The methods are implemented in a set of Matlab routines that manage the reading of experimental data, subtraction of a birefringence baseline after aligning the baseline with the raw data, calculation of the theoretical birefringence using Finite Element Analysis, accounting for the measurement resolution, and finally calculation of a single overall scale factor (the unconstrained density change) that characterizes the level of damage. All these manipulations are automated and managed within a convenient Graphical User Interface that also provides for plotting both experimental and theoretical results.
Physical structure, optical resonance, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering of silver-island films on suspended polymer latex particles (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhysical structure, optical resonance, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering of silver-island films on suspended polymer latex particlesPaula A. Schueler, Jeffrey T. Ives, Fern. DeLaCroix, William B. Lacy, Patricia A. Becker, Jianmin. Li, Karin D. Caldwell, Barney. Drake, and Joel M. HarrisCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 22, 3177–3186Publication Date (Print):November 15, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00070a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00070a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views457Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Slow maxillary expansion with nickel titanium. (1999)

requires expansion of the palate by a combination of orthopedic and orthodontic tooth movements. Initially, transverse forces will tip the buccal segments laterally.1 With proper appliance design, 3rd-order moments will induce bodily translation.2-5 If the force is strong enough, separation occurs at the maxillary suture. The amount of orthopedic vs. orthodontic change depends greatly on the patient’s age. Normal palatal growth is nearly complete by age 6,6 and increasing interdigitation of the suture makes separation difficult to achieve after puberty.7-15 The rationale for sutural expansion, assuming the problem is diagnosed early enough, is twofold. First, a skeletal discrepancy should be treated by orthopedic correction whenever possible. Second, dental compensation by buccal translation or tipping is undesirable, because the thin layer of bone covering the roots of the buccal segments is prone to penetration. The objective of rapid palatal expansion is to reduce undesirable orthodontic tooth movement and tipping while producing enough force to overcome the tendency of the anchor teeth to move, thereby maximizing the orthopedic response by causing separation at the suture.16-18 RPE appliances require frequent activations and generate heavy forces—as much as 2-5kg per quarter-turn, with accumulated loads of more than 9kg.19 Although sutural separation is relatively easy to obtain with RPE, implant data indicate that sutural expansion accounts for only about 50% of the overall expansion. In more than 30% of Krebs’s sample of 23 patients, sutural expansion was less than one-third of the total expansion.20 Buccal tipping, even of the amount produced by RPE, is highly unstable and prone to relapse quickly.21 According to Haas, fixed retention after RPE can virtually eliminate sutural relapse.22 However, using the same split-palateexpanding appliance, Krebs found that the distance between implants in the hard palate and infrazygomatic ridge decreased during retention by 10-15%.23 This relapse was found to occur as late as four or five years after fixed retention.