gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phenylphosphatrioxa-adamantanes: bulky, robust, electron-poor ligands that give very efficient rhodium(i) hydroformylation catalysts (2005)

The cage phosphines 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-6-phenyl-2,4,8-trioxa-6-phosphaadamantane (1a) and 1,3,5,7-tetraethyl-6-phenyl-2,4,8,trioxa-6-phosphaadamantane (1b) have been made by the acid catalysed addition of PhPH(2) to the appropriate beta-diketones; the acid used (HCl, H(3)PO(4) or H(2)SO(4)) and its concentration affect the rate and selectivity of these condensation reactions. Phosphines 1a and 1b react with [PdCl(2)(NCPh)(2)] to form complexes trans-[PdCl(2)(1a)(2)](2a) and trans-[PdCl(2)(1b)(2)](2b) as mixtures of rac and meso diastereoisomers. The platinum(II) chemistry is more complicated and when 1a or 1b is added to [PtCl(2)(cod)], equilibrium mixtures of trans-[PtCl(2)L(2)] and [Pt(2)Cl(4)L(2)](L = or ) are formed in CH(2)Cl(2) solution. Meso/rac mixtures of trans-[MCl(CO)(1a)(2)] M = Ir (6a) or Rh (7a) are formed upon treatment of MCl(3).nH(2)O with an excess of 1a and the anionic cobalt complex [NHEt(3)][CoCl(3)(1a)](9) was isolated from the product formed by CoCl(2).6H(2)O and 1a. The nu(CO) values from the IR spectra of 6a and 7a suggest that 1a resembles a phosphonite in its bonding to Rh and Ir. Crystal structures of meso-2a, meso-2b, rac-6a and 9 are reported and in each case a small intracage C-P-C angle of ca. 94 degrees is observed; this may partly explain the bonding characteristics of ligands 1a and 1b. The cone angles for 1a and 1b are similar and large (ca. 200 degrees). Rhodium complexes of ligands 1a and 1b are hydroformylation catalysts with similarly high activity to catalysts derived from phosphites. The catalysts derived from 1a and 1b gave unusually low linear selectivity in the hydroformylation of hexenes. This feature has been further exploited in quaternary-selective hydroformylations of unsaturated esters; catalysts derived from 1a give better yields and regioselectivities than any previously reported catalyst.
Structure of drawn polyethylene terephthalate (1958)

Abstract Measurements of birefringence, infrared dichrosim, and x‐ray diffraction have been made on crystallized and uncrystallized polyethylene terephthalate films stretched up to 500%. The results show that, at high elongations, stretching induces high linear orientation of the chain molecules parallel to the direction of stretch. In the uncrystallized samples, a biaxial orientation in which the plane of the molecules tends to be parallel to the plane of the film can be detected in the x‐ray diffraction patterns and from the birefringence measurements. This higher orientation, as well as the usual linear orientation, is enhanced by crystallization, owing to directional crystal growth on oriented crystal nuclei which develop during the stretching operation. At low extension, pronounced tipping of the crystalline regions occurs during crystallization. As a result, the preferred direction for the fiber axis of the crystallites varies from a direction approximately perpendicular to the direction of stretch at low extension, to a direction almost parallel to the direction of stretch at the highest extensions.
The role of membrane-membrane interactions in the regulation of endothelial cell growth. (1985)

A cell surface preparation from confluent endothelial cells can inhibit DNA synthesis of actively growing endothelial cells. The decrease in the rate of [3H]thymidine incorporation is concentration dependent and levels off at 47% of the control. The preparation has no affect on the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells. A similar preparation from smooth muscle cells does not show inhibitory activity with either endothelial or smooth muscle cells. The inhibition of growth can also be demonstrated by a decrease in thymidine index and growth rate. The inhibition is transient and after 48 h, the growth rate is similar to that of the control. In a wound edge assay, both migration and proliferation are inhibited. The inhibitory activity is partially labile to trypsin and abolished by pepsin, heating at 100 degrees C, or reduction. Cell surface iodination and analysis of the proteins removed by urea treatment by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis show at least 11 bands with apparent molecular weights from 250,000 to 18,000. These radiolabeled proteins, as well as the active component of the cell surface preparation, are sedimentable at 100,000 g for 1 h. They are both solubilized in 30 mM octyl glucoside but not by treatment with 0.1 M sodium carbonate, pH 11.5. These results suggest that the activity is due to a cell-surface membrane fraction and may provide a basis for studying the mechanism of density-dependent inhibition of growth in a normal cell of defined origin.
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC OUTPUT POWER FORECASTING USING BACK PROPAGATION NEURAL NETWORK (2016)

Solar Energy is an important renewable and unlimited source of energy. Solar photovoltaic power forecasting, is an estimation of the expected power production, that help the grid operators to better manage the electric balance between power demand and supply. Neural network is a computational model that can predict new outcomes from past trends. The artificial neural network is used for photovoltaic plant energy forecasting. The output power for solar photovoltaic cell is predicted on hourly basis. In historical dataset collection process, two dataset was collected and used for analysis. The dataset was provided with three independent attributes and one dependent attributes. The implementation of Artificial Neural Network structure is done by Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and training procedure for neural network is done by error Back Propagation (BP). In order to train and test the neural network, the datasets are divided in the ratio 70:30. The accuracy of prediction can be done by using various error measurement criteria and the performance of neural network is to be noted.
Robust Generation of Cardiomyocytes from Human iPS Cells Requires Precise Modulation of BMP and WNT Signaling (2014)

Various strategies have been published enabling cardiomyocyte differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. However the complex nature of signaling pathways involved as well as line-to-line variability compromises the application of a particular protocol to robustly obtain cardiomyocytes from multiple iPS lines. Hence it is necessary to identify optimized protocols with alternative combinations of specific growth factors and small molecules to enhance the robustness of cardiac differentiation. Here we focus on systematic modulation of BMP and WNT signaling to enhance cardiac differentiation. Moreover, we improve the efficacy of cardiac differentiation by enrichment via lactate. Using our protocol we show efficient derivation of cardiomyocytes from multiple human iPS lines. In particular we demonstrate cardiomyocyte differentiation within 15 days with an efficiency of up to 95 % as judged by flow cytometry staining against cardiac troponin T. Cardiomyocytes derived were functionally validated by alpha-actinin staining, transmission electron microscopy as well as electrophysiological analysis. We expect our protocol to provide a robust basis for scale-up production of functional iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes that can be used for cell replacement therapy and disease modeling.
Inositolphosphoglycan Mediators Structurally Related to Glycosyl Phosphatidylinositol Anchors: Synthesis, Structure and Biological Activity (2000)

The preparation of the pseudopentasaccharide 1a, an inositol-phosphoglycan (IPG) that contains the conserved linear structure of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol anchors (GPI anchors), was carried out by using a highly convergent 2+3-block synthesis approach which involves imidate and sulfoxide glycosylation reactions. The preferred solution conformation of this structure was determined by using NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations prior to carrying out quantitative structure--activity relationship studies in connection with the insulin signalling process. The ability of 1a to stimulate lipogenesis in rat adipocytes as well as to inhibit cAMP dependent protein kinase and to activate pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase was investigated. Compound 1a did not show any significant activity, which may be taken as a strong indication that the GPI anchors are not the precursors of the IPG mediators.
Overcomplete source separation using Laplacian mixture models (2005)

The authors explore the use of Laplacian mixture models (LMMs) to address the overcomplete blind source separation problem in the case that the source signals are very sparse. A two-sensor setup was used to separate an instantaneous mixture of sources. A hard and a soft decision scheme were introduced to perform separation. The algorithm exhibits good performance as far as separation quality and convergence speed are concerned.
The effect of a dentifrice containing zinc citrate and Triclosan on developing gingivitis (1989)

A partial mouth experimental gingivitis model was employed to establish the potential efficacy of a dentifrice containing a zinc salt and the antimicrobial agent Triclosan to prevent or delay the development of gingivitis over a period of 28 days. Initially, gingival health was established in 34 subjects following a 6-week period of professional tooth cleaning and oral hygiene instruction. A toothshield was constructed to fit 4 posterior mandibular teeth. Undiluted test or placebo dentifrice was applied to the experimental teeth via the toothshield, which also prevented plaque removal from these teeth during habitual brushing of the remainder of the dentition. The presence of plaque, bleeding after probing and visual signs of inflammation were independently assessed. Plaque accumulated rapidly and gingivitis developed in both groups. At the 2-wk assessments, lower mean plaque scores were recorded for the group using the test dentifrice. At the 4-wk assessment a significantly lower level of gingivitis was recorded for the test group. It is concluded that (a) the model can be used to establish the potential efficacy of a dentifrice to maintain gingival health, (b) the dentifrice containing zinc citrate and Triclosan was efficacious and (c) the Gingival Index possibly overestimates the proportion of healthy gingival sites.
Side Impact Structures (1969)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">New side safety structural changes have been developed for some 1969 model General Motors cars. The research covered two years, during which time crash situations were simulated and analyzed, field data were studied, and various approaches to side protection were investigated.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">A low-weight, high-strength steel beam was developed and positioned horizontally in the door. In addition, the supporting body structures were reinforced. The resultant structure reduced penetration into the passenger compartment during side collision tests by causing a deflecting action between the two cars, and by preventing ride-over of the striking vehicle into the struck car.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Fisher Body has recently developed the basis for a static laboratory technique of testing that measures the strength of side impact structure in such a way as to allow tryouts of designs early in the program. Because of the number of GM cars designed each year, this will curtail the extensive time and cost factors previously involved in dynamic testing.</div>
The Immune Response to Tumors (2009)

The immune response to tumors is complex. Cells of the immune system can inhibit tumor growth and progression through the recognition and rejection of malignant cells, a process referred to as immunoediting. Yet, immune responses can also promote tumor cell growth, survival, and angiogenesis through the induction of oncogenic inflammation. Immunodeficiency can predispose to the development of spontaneous and virally induced cancer, and established tumors often generate immunosuppressive microenvironments that can block productive antitumor immunity, serving as a substantial barrier to effective immune therapy. Through a deeper understanding of the complicated relationship between tumors and the immune system, tumor immunology strives to harness the immune system to generate protective antitumor responses in patients.
A common SCN5A polymorphism modulates the biophysical effects of an SCN5A mutation (2003)

Our understanding of the genetic basis of disease has expanded with the identification of rare DNA sequence variations ("mutations") that evoke inherited syndromes such as cystic fibrosis, congenital epilepsy, and cardiac arrhythmias. Common sequence variants ("polymorphisms") have also been implicated as risk factors in multiple diseases. Mutations in SCN5A, the cardiac Na(+) channel gene, that cause a reduction in Na(+) current may evoke severe, life-threatening disturbances in cardiac rhythm (i.e., Brugada syndrome), isolated cardiac conduction disease, or combinations of these disorders. Conduction disease is manifest clinically as heart rate slowing (bradycardia), syncope, or "lightheadedness". Recent electrophysiologic studies reveal that mutations in particular families exhibiting cardiac conduction disease cause marked effects on several competing voltage-dependent gating processes, but nonetheless cause a mild "net" reduction in Na(+) current. Here we show that a common SCN5A polymorphism (H558R) in the Na(+) channel I-II interdomain cytoplasmic linker, present in 20% of the population, can mitigate the in vitro effects of a nearby mutation (T512I) on Na(+) channel function. The mutation and the polymorphism were both found in the same allele of a child with isolated conduction disease, suggesting a direct functional association between a polymorphism and a mutation in the same gene.
Daisy Chain Necklace:  Tri[2]rotaxane Containing Cyclodextrins (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTDaisy Chain Necklace: Tri[2]rotaxane Containing CyclodextrinsTaiki Hoshino, Masahiko Miyauchi, Yoshinori Kawaguchi, Hiroyasu Yamaguchi, and Akira HaradaView Author Information Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 40, 9876–9877Publication Date (Web):September 21, 2000Publication History Received25 May 2000Revised9 August 2000Published online21 September 2000Published inissue 1 October 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja0018264https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0018264rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2255Altmetric-Citations148LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Macrocyclic compounds,Oligosaccharides,Polymers,Reaction products,Supramolecular structures and assemblies Get e-Alerts
Role of endosomal Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase and cardiac steroids in the regulation of endocytosis (2007)

Plasma membrane Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, which drives potassium into and sodium out of the cell, has important roles in numerous physiological processes. Cardiac steroids (CS), such as ouabain and bufalin, specifically interact with the pump and affect ionic homeostasis, signal transduction, and endocytosed membrane traffic. CS-like compounds are present in mammalian tissues, synthesized in the adrenal gland, and considered to be new family of steroid hormones. In this study, the mechanism of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase involvement in the regulation of endocytosis is explored. We show that the effects of various CS on changes in endosomal pH are mediated by the pump and correspond to their effects on endosomal membrane traffic. In addition, it was found that CS-induced changes in endocytosed membrane traffic were dependent on alterations in [Na(+)] and [H(+)] in the endosome. Furthermore, we show that various CS differentially regulate endosomal pH and membrane traffic. The results suggest that these differences are due to specific binding characteristics. Based on our observations, we propose that Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase is a key player in the regulation of endosomal pH and endocytosed membrane traffic. Furthermore, our results raise the possibility that CS-like hormones regulate differentially intracellular membrane traffic.
Immunophenotype analysis of dendritic cells and lymphocytes associated with cutaneous malignant melanomas. (1995)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between changes in density and distribution of dendritic cells, both in epidermis and in peritumoral infiltrate, and lymphocyte subset variations in malignant melanomas (MM) of patients belonging to different risk groups. The collective immunoreactive expression of six markers (S100 protein, CD1-a, HLA-DR, CD4, CD8 and CD25) was analyzed in 13 cutaneous malignant melanomas. Changes were observed in density and distribution of Langerhans cells (LC) (S100+, CD1-a+) in the epidermis overlying the tumor, as well as in peritumoral and intratumoral locations, independently of the tumor-invasion level. A decrease was recorded in LC (S100+, CD1-a+) in the epidermis overlying six tumors, whereas most of the MM studied showed an increase of LC (S100+, CD1-a+) in peritumoral infiltrate. The expression of HLA-DR in tumor cells was controversial; it was observed in three moderate-risk MM, but it was negative in high-risk tumors. The percentage of CD4+ cells was in most cases greater than that of CD8+ in the peritumoral infiltrate, irrespective of the degree of histopathological malignancy. The concomitant expression of the lymphocytic activation marker CD25 (receptor for interleukin 2) in lymphocytic infiltrate was variable. Peritumoral infiltrate in three high risk MM contained few CD25+ cells, and a concomitant decrease was recorded in LC. This preliminary report shows that alterations in the density and distribution of LC may be responsible for determining the degree or T lymphocyte activation, and this may be critical for the development of effective tumor-directed immunity. Further studies are required to demonstrate these hypothetical interrelations.
Protection by quercetin and quercetin 3-<i>O</i>-β-<scp>D</scp>-glucuronide of peroxynitrite-induced antioxidant consumption in human plasma low-density lipoprotein (2001)

Effect of quercetin and its conjugated metabolite quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucuronide (Q3GA), on peroxynitrite-induced consumption of lipophilic antioxidants in human plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was measured to estimate the role of dietary flavonoids in the defense system against oxidative modification of LDL based on the reaction of nitric oxide and superoxide anion. Synthesized peroxynitrite-induced consumption of endogenous lycopene beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol was effectively suppressed by adding quercetin aglycone into LDL solution. Q3GA also inhibited the consumption of these antioxidants effectively. These results indicate that dietary quercetin is capable of inhibiting peroxynitrite-induced oxidative modification of LDL in association with lipophilic antioxidants present within this lipoprotein particle.
Comparative Study for the Dissolution of Bone Ash-Derived and Artificial Hydroxyapatite (2012)

Hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics were prepared from the bone ash which is mostly used as animal feeds or raw materials. Dissolving behaviors of the HA in buffered water were investigated and compared with commercial HA for further use as biomaterials. HA ceramics were prepared by soaking the bone ash in 0.1 M of NaOH solution at 80°C for 4 h. The ash was calcined at 800°C for 1 h to completely remove organics, and then sintered at 1200°C for 1 h under moisture protection. The bone ash derived-HA consists of mostly HA and small amounts of α-tricalcium phosphate, calcium oxide phosphate, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide. After polishing the HA ceramics, they were immersed in buffered water at 37°C for 3 and 7 days. We previously found that grain boundaries of synthetic HA were intensively dissolved in buffered water. On the other hand, the bone ash derived-HA shows high stability in liquid environment with immersion time compared with commercial HA.
Nuclear analogs of β-lactam antibiotics. VIII. Synthesis of 3-acetoxymethyl-Δ<sup>3</sup>-<i>O</i>-2-isocephems (1978)

The synthesis of 7β-(-2′-thienylacetamido)-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ 3 -O-2-isocepheni-4-carboxylic acid (17) is described. Thus treatment of enol mesylate 3a or triflate 3b with triethylamine gave the allene 4 which gave the diiodide upon treatment with iodine. The diiodide gave benzyl 7β-azido-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ 3 -O-2-isocephem-4-carboxylate (12) on treatment with potassium acetate in DMF. Hydrogenolysis of 12 gave the amino acid 16 which was converted to 17 upon treatment with 2-thienylacetyl chloride. Resolution of 17 into its optical antipodes was carried out. The antibiotic activities of racemic 17 and each antipode is compared to that of cephalothin. Antibiotic activity was found to reside in the dextrorotatory isomer.
Microwave optical filters using in-fiber Bragg grating arrays (1996)

A novel multitap optical transversal signal processor based on wavelength multiplexed Bragg grating arrays is presented. This structure enables the realization of a large number of taps for obtaining sharp bandpass filtering with high resolution and also enables arbitrary tap weight profiles to be obtained. Results on a 4-GHz, 29-tap filter demonstrates a sharp bandpass filter response, and windowing techniques on the tap profiles are demonstrated to enhance the sidelobe suppression characteristics.
Protein Kinase C-dependent Protein Kinase D Activation Modulates ERK Signal Pathway and Endothelial Cell Proliferation by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (2005)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential for many angiogenic processes both in normal conditions and in pathological conditions. However, the signaling pathways involved in VEGF-induced angiogenesis are not well defined. Protein kinase D (PKD), a newly described serine/threonine protein kinase, has been implicated in many signal transduction pathways and in cell proliferation. We hypothesized that PKD would mediate VEGF signaling and function in endothelial cells. Here we found that VEGF rapidly and strongly stimulated PKD phosphorylation and activation in endothelial cells via VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2). The pharmacological inhibitors for phospholipase Cgamma (PLCgamma) and protein kinase C (PKC) significantly inhibited VEGF-induced PKD activation, suggesting the involvement of the PLCgamma/PKC pathway. In particular, PKCalpha was critical for VEGF-induced PKD activation since both overexpression of adenovirus PKCalpha dominant negative mutant and reduction of PKCalpha expression by small interfering RNA markedly inhibited VEGF-induced PKD activation. Importantly, we found that small interfering RNA knockdown of PKD and PKCalpha expression significantly attenuated ERK activation and DNA synthesis in endothelial cells by VEGF. Taken together, our results demonstrated for the first time that VEGF activates PKD via the VEGFR2/PLCgamma/PKCalpha pathway and revealed a critical role of PKD in VEGF-induced ERK signaling and endothelial cell proliferation.