gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The chondrogenesis of rib perichondrial grafts for repair of full thickness articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model: A one year postoperative assessment (1988)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the results or rib perichondrial grafting after the creation of a full thickness articular cartilage defect. In a rabbit model, rib perichondrium was used to repair defects created in the femoral condyle. The formation of repair tissue (neocartilage) and its chondrogenesis into a tissue resembling articular cartilage was found over time. The gross, histological and biochemical characteristics of the neocartilage were evaluated at intervals of 6, 12, 18, 26 and 52 weeks post transplant, and compared to normal articular cartilage. The neocartilage was characterized by the early formation of relatively large amounts of glycosaminoglycans. A steady increase in the proportion of type II collagen over the time periods was also observed. Improved attachment of the neocartilage to host tissues was seen over the period of 6 to 52 weeks. Successful grafts were seen to proliferate to fill the articular defect and to undergo a chondrogenesis over a post transplant time period of one year.
Design and implementation of the wisconsin storage system (1985)

Abstract We describe the implementation of a flexible data storage system for the UNIX environment that has been designed as an experimental vehicle for building database management systems. The storage component forms a foundation upon which a variety of database systems can be constructed including support for unconventional types of data. We describe the system architecture, the design decisions incorporated within its implementation, our experiences in developing this large piece of software, and the applications that have been built on top of it.
Concentration of Hyaluronic Acid in Synovial Fluid (1959)

Abstract 1. The concentration of hyaluronic acid in synovial fluid was determined by a modification of the Dische carbazole method for the determination of uronic acids. 2. The results of this determination in 80 specimens of normal and abnormal synovial fluid confirmed values reported by other methods. 3. An inverse relationship between the hyaluronic acid in the synovial fluid and the degree of synovitis was suggested.
Electrical control of gas flows in combustion processes (1968)

Abstract The theory of the ionic wind is developed for flame ions travelling towards electrodes of various configurations so that entrainment as well as main stream gas velocities can be predicted. It is shown that, by confining entrainment to specified regions, large flow velocities can be induced at the flame itself, where they can be used to modify a variety of combustion processes. Theoretical maximum values of the flow parameters are calculated for several configurations likely to be of practical use and these are compared with results of experiment. The experiments are designed to test the general theory and to determine to what extent the theoretically deduced maxima are altered by inevitable practical complications such as entrainment of hot gas, deposition of soot and other specks on the electrodes and convergence of lines of force on to individual strands of gauze-electrodes. The potentialities of varying parameters such as geometry, temperature, pressure and composition as well as super­-imposing magnetic fields are also examined. A variety of practical examples is considered in the light of this theory. Experiments confirm that confined entrainment can be used to aerate diffusion flames in an accurately controllable manner without risking flash-back or requiring an air supply, metering and mixing systems. Similarly, it is demonstrated that combustion intensity can be increased by field-induced recirculation of hot products, thereby minimizing random turbulence and heat losses to the large obstacles usually employed for this purpose.
Translation of the humeral head on the glenoid with passive glenohumeral motion. (1990)

We have demonstrated that certain passive motions of the glenohumeral joint are reproducibly accompanied by translation of the head of the humerus on the glenoid. We investigated the relationship of these translations to the position of the glenohumeral joint and to applied torques and forces in seven isolated glenohumeral joints from fresh cadavera, using a six-degrees-of-freedom position sensor and a six-axis force and torque transducer. Reproducible and significant translation occurred in an anterior direction with glenohumeral flexion and in a posterior direction with extension. We also observed translation with cross-body movement. The translation occurring with flexion was obligate in that it could not be prevented by the application of an oppositely directed force of thirty to forty newtons. Operative tightening of the posterior portion of the capsule increased the anterior translation on flexion and cross-body movement and caused it to occur earlier in the arc of motion compared with the intact glenohumeral joint. Operative tightening of the posterior part of the capsule also resulted in significant superior translation with flexion of the glenohumeral joint.
Removal of background label in immunocytochemistry with the apolar lowicryls by using washed protein A–gold‐precoupled antibodies in a one‐step procedure (1989)

Antiserum mixed with protein A-gold produces aggregates that can be washed by centrifugation and redissociated by ultrasonication. These precoupled antibodies are used for immunocytochemical labeling in a one-step procedure and reveal a very low background on sections of material embedded in polar and apolar Lowicryls. Controls have shown that the background label stems from serum components with only one protein A binding site and is discarded during the wash steps of the precoupling procedure.
Phenotypic Characterization of the Rice Blast Resistance Gene<i>Pi-2(t)</i> (1996)

The spectrum of resistance conditioned by the blast resistance gene Pi-2(t) in rice was characterized. Near-isogenic line (NIL) C101A51 carrying Pi-2(t) in the genetic background of the indica rice cultivar CO39 was resistant to 455 Philippine isolates of Pyricularia grisea when inoculated in greenhouse tests. The P. grisea isolates, collected mainly from 1983 to 1992, represented at least 18 lineages based on DNA fingerprinting data. The NIL C101A51 was planted at two sites used by the International Rice Research Institute for the evaluation of blast resistance, and for which the P. grisea populations had been analyzed by DNA fingerprinting. After initial resistance at the two sites, C101A51 eventually showed susceptible lesions. All isolates (n = 60) collected from C101A51 at the two sites were identified as belonging to a single lineage (more than 95% band similarity using the repetitive DNA probe MGR586), distinct (less than 80% band similarity) from the approximately 2,000 Philippine isolates previously subjected to DNA fingerprinting. The group of isolates, designated lineage 44, was inoculated to a set of NILs in the CO39 genetic background in greenhouse tests. Lineage 44 was found to be compatible to lines carrying Pi-2(t) (in C101A51 and 5173, the donor of Pi-2(t)), Pi-4 a (t) (in C102PKT), Pi-4 a (t) + Pi-? (in C105TTP-4-L23), and CO39. C101A51 was found to be resistant in nursery tests at 24 of the 40 sites in 16 countries in which it was tested during 1991 to 1993 through the International Network for the Genetic Evaluation of Rice. These results suggested that Pi-2(t) could condition resistance to many lineages of P. grisea and could be useful if pyramided or otherwise deployed with genes that condition resistance to lineage 44.
Mechanisms of Thermolytic Rearrangement of cis-Bis(silylmethyl)platinum(II) Complexes: .beta.-Carbon Transfer Predominates over Hydrogen Transfer (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanisms of Thermolytic Rearrangement of cis-Bis(silylmethyl)platinum(II) Complexes: .beta.-Carbon Transfer Predominates over Hydrogen TransferBernardeta C. Ankianiec, Victor Christou, David T. Hardy, S. Katherine Thomson, and G. Brent YoungCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 22, 9963–9978Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00101a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00101a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views259Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Detection of profile injection attacks in social recommender systems using outlier analysis (2017)

As systems based on social networks grow, they get affected by huge number of fake user profiles. Particularly, social recommender systems are vulnerable to profile injection attacks where malicious profiles are injected into the rating system to affect user's opinion. The objective of attackers is to inject a large set of biased profiles that provide favorable or unfavorable recommendations for a product. In this paper, we propose a classification technique for detection of attackers. First, we define the attributes that provide the likelihood of a user having a profile of that of an attacker. Using user-item rating matrix, user-connection matrix, and similarity between users, we find if the ratings are abnormal and if there are random connections in the network. Then, we use fc-means clustering to categorize users into authentic users and attackers. To evaluate our framework, we use Epinions dataset and inject intelligent push and nuke attacks. These attacks make arbitrary connections to existing users and provide biased ratings. To evaluate the performance, we use precision and recall to show that fc-means clustering can identify the attackers with high accuracy and low false positives.
Membrane-Anchored DNA Assembly for Energy and Electron Transfer (2009)

In this work we examine the trapping and conversion of visible light energy into chemical energy using a supramolecular assembly. The assembly consists of a light-absorbing antenna and a porphyrin redox center, which are covalently attached to two complementary 14-mer DNA strands, hybridized to form a double helix and anchored to a lipid membrane. The excitation energy is finally trapped in the lipid phase of the membrane as a benzoquinone radical anion that could potentially be used in subsequent chemical reactions. In addition, in this model complex, the hydrophobic porphyrin moiety acts as an anchor into the liposome positioning the DNA construct on the lipid membrane surface. The results show the suitability of our system as a prototype for DNA-based light-harvesting devices, in which energy transfer from the aqueous phase to the interior of the lipid membrane is followed by charge separation.
Finding Motifs in Biological Sequences Using the Micron Automata Processor (2014)

Finding approximately conserved sequences, called motifs, across multiple DNA or protein sequences is an important problem in computational biology. In this paper, we consider the (l, d) motif search problem of identifying one or more motifs of length l present in at least q of the n given sequences, with each occurrence differing from the motif in at most d substitutions. The problem is known to be NP-hard, and the largest solved instance reported to date is (26, 11). We propose a novel algorithm for the (l, d) motif search problem using streaming execution over a large set of Non-deterministic Finite Automata (NFA). This solution is designed to take advantage of the Micron Automata Processor, a new technology close to deployment that can simultaneously execute multiple NFA in parallel. We estimate the run-time for the (39, 18) and (40, 17) problem instances using the resources available within a single Automata Processor board. In addition to solving larger instances of the (l, d) motif search problem, the paper serves as a useful guide to solving problems using this new accelerator technology.
Recognizing Human Activities User-independently on Smartphones Based on Accelerometer Data (2012)

Real-time human activity recognition on a mobile phone is presented in this article. Unlike in most other studies, not only the data were collected using the accelerometers of a smartphone, but also models were implemented to the phone and the whole classification process (preprocessing, feature extraction and classification) was done on the device. The system is trained using phone orientation independent features to recognize five everyday activities: walking, running, cycling, driving a car and sitting/standing while the phone is in the pocket of the subject's trousers. Two classifiers were compared, knn (k nearest neighbors) and QDA (quadratic discriminant analysis). The models for real-time activity recognition were trained offline using a data set collected from eight subjects and these offline results were compared to real-time recognition rates, which are obtained by implementing models to mobile activity recognition application which currently supports two operating systems: Symbian^3 and Android. The results show that the presented method is light and, therefore, suitable for be used in real-time recognition. In addition, the recognition rates on the smartphones were encouraging, in fact, the recognition accuracies obtained are approximately as high as offline recognition rates. Also, the results show that the method presented is not an operating system dependent.
Does Impaired Left Ventricular Relaxation Affect P Wave Dispersion in Patients with Hypertension? (2003)

This study suggests that impaired LV relaxation contributes to the heterogeneous atrial conduction in hypertensive patients.
High plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein levels may favour reduced incidence of cardiovascular events in men with low triglycerides (2007)

Relatively high plasma CETP may favour reduced CVD risk in the context of low triglycerides.
Synthesis and Photochromic Properties of Molecules Containing [<i>e</i>]-Annelated Dihydropyrenes. Two and Three Way π-Switches Based on the Dimethyldihydropyrene−Metacyclophanediene Valence Isomerization (2003)

The syntheses of several new simple negative, a simple positive, and multiple negative photochromes containing the dihydropyrene-cyclophanediene photochromic system are described. The photo-openings of the negative photochromes, the [e]-annelated benzo (7), naphtho (9), anthro (11), furano (19), and triphenyleno (15) derivatives of the parent 2,7-di-tert-butyl-trans-10b,10c-dimethyl-dihydropyrene (5), as well as its 4,5-dibromo derivative (13), are described to give the corresponding cyclophanedienes, as well as their photoclosures and thermal closures back to the dihydropyrenes. These are compared to the results obtained for the positive photochrome dibenzo[e,l]dihydropyrene (21) and to the bis(dihydropyreno)chrysene (44) and the (dihydropyrenobenzo)(benzo)metacyclophanediene (47) photochromes, which have more than one photochromic switch present and thus have more than a simple "on-off" state. Thermodynamic data are obtained for the thermal closing reactions. The anthrodihydropyrene (12) has the fastest thermal closing (tau(1/2) = 20 min), while the furanodihydropyrene (19') has the slowest (tau(1/2) = 63 h) at 46 degrees C. An electrochemical readout of the state of the switch is demonstrated for the benzodihydropyrene (7).
A GNU Radio based testbed implementation with IEEE 1609 WAVE functionality (2009)

Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) is comprised of multiple IEEE standards, including 1609.1 through 4 and 802.11p. In this paper, a testbed implementation of the 1609.3 and 1609.4 standards will be discussed. GNU Radio and the USRP version 1 will be used to implement a 802.11p-like physical layer, the application management of 1609.3, and the channelization features of the 1609.4 draft which are unique to the WAVE stack. This implementation is meant to provide a testbed for testing communication between multiple single transceiver WAVE devices. GNU Radio allows us to easily modify different layers in the protocol stack as the drafts continue to be standardized and its modularity allows us to easily breakdown the complex WAVE stack into manageable pieces. While it should be possible to implement a standard-compliant version of 1609.4 (and above) with GNU Radio, only a low bitrate version of the physical layer can be implemented due to communication limitations between the processing PC and the USRP.
A 22 nm All-Digital Dynamically Adaptive Clock Distribution for Supply Voltage Droop Tolerance (2013)

An all-digital dynamically adaptive clock distribution mitigates the impact of high-frequency supply voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CC</sub> ) droops on microprocessor performance and energy efficiency. The design integrates a tunable-length delay prior to the global clock distribution to prolong the clock-data delay compensation in critical paths during a V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CC</sub> droop. The tunable-length delay prevents critical-path timing-margin degradation for multiple cycles after the V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CC</sub> droop occurs, thus allowing a sufficient response time for dynamic adaptation. An on-die dynamic variation monitor detects the onset of the V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CC</sub> droop to proactively gate the clock at the end of the tunable-length delay to eliminate the clock edges that would otherwise degrade critical-path timing margin. In comparison to a conventional clock distribution, silicon measurements from a 22 nm test chip demonstrate simultaneous throughput gains and energy reductions of 14% and 3% at 1.0 V, 18% and 5% at 0.8 V, and 31% and 15% at 0.6 V, respectively, for a 10% V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CC</sub> droop.
Diffusion-enhanced energy transfer shows accessibility of ribonucleic acid polymerase inhibitor binding sites (1981)

Rifamycin and Cibacron Blue F3GA are powerful inhibitors of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) dependent ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase. In addition, both inhibitors strongly absorb visible light, making them suitable for use as acceptors in energy-transfer experiments. Transfer of energy to these acceptors from freely diffusing energy donors with long excited-state lifetimes (approximately 10(-3) s) depends strongly on whether donor and acceptor can make direct intermolecular contact. We observe that the rate constant for energy transfer from a small terbium chelate to enzyme-bound rifamycin is 1 X 10(7) M-1 s-1, which is about half as large as the rate constant observed for free rifamycin in solution. This relatively small change upon binding indicates that enzyme-bound rifamycin is highly accessible to small molecules in the solvent. In the case of Cibacron Blue, under conditions where approximately 90% of this inhibitor is bound to RNA polymerase, the small amount of unbound inhibitor accounts for practically all of the observed energy transfer. This implies that enzyme-bound Cibacron Blue is relatively inaccessible to energy donors in the solution. The dependence of energy transfer on the accessibility of the acceptor is illustrated by using simple geometric models. synthesis of a stable, electrically neutral terbium chelate which can be efficiently excited with UV radiation is also described.
Proteome studies of human cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue using a preparative two-dimensional electophoresis approach prior to mass spectrometry (2001)

A preparative proteomic approach, involving liquid phase isoelectric focusing (IEF) in combination with one-dimensional electrophoresis and electroelution followed by mass spectrometry and database searches, was found to be an important tool for identifying low-abundant proteins (microgram/L) in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and membrane proteins in human frontal cortex. Several neuron-related proteins, such as amyloid precursor-like protein, chromogranins A and B, glial fibrillary acid protein, beta-trace, transthyretin, ubiquitin, and cystatin C, were identified in CSF. Several types of proteins were also characterized from a detergent-solubilized human frontal cortex homogenate including membrane proteins such as synaptophysin, syntaxin and Na+/K+ ATPase. One-third of the identified proteins have not previously been identified in human CSF or human frontal cortex using proteomic techniques. The absence of these proteins in two-dimensional electrophoresis maps might be due to insufficient amounts or low solubility. The advantages of using preparative liquid phase electrophoretic separations for identifying proteins from complex biological mixtures are speed of analysis, high loadability in the IEF separation, nondiscrimination of membrane proteins or low abundance proteins, yielding sufficient amounts for characterization by mass spectrometry. The use of this strategy in proteome studies of CSF/brain tissue is expected to offer new perspectives in studies of the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases, and reveal new potential markers for brain disorders.
Polymer Nucleation (2013)

This chapter introduces classical nucleation theory (CNT), describes experimental approaches, and discusses the results of direct observation of nanonucleation. Kinetic parameters, such as surface free energies of nano‐nucleus, were obtained from the analysis of nano‐nucleation. The scientific goal of nucleation study is to obtain an experimental real image of nano‐nucleation and to propose a correct nucleation theory that can explain and predict the nucleation. The chapter describes two case studies by synchrotron radiation. The first is the small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) observation of nano‐nucleation of polyethylene (PE). The second is the <I>t</I> revolution of <I>f</I>(<I>N, t</I>). It highlights that the nucleation mechanism discontinuously changes from heterogeneous nucleation to elongational flow‐induced homogeneous nucleation for elongational strain rate becoming larger than critical strain rate. Finally, it focuses on effect of entanglement density on the nucleation rate.