gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Text Classifier Using Weighted Average Word Embedding (2018)

In this paper, we propose a new technique for text representation by generating a sentence vector using a weighted average of words representation where Naive Bayes log count ratio is used as the weight of each word. The quality of this representation is measured in a text classification task using FastText and Word2Vec models. Results show accuracy improvement over unweighted average techniques using the same models. Also, we compare our results to other traditional text representation and classification techniques such as Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and Naive Bayes Support Vector Machine (NBSVM).
Synthesis and Reactions of Some New Oxazolo[4,5-b]Pyridines and Related Compounds (2000)

Abstract A series of 2-heterocyclicalkylthiooxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines have been prepared through the reaction of 2-(hydrazinocarbomethylthio)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine with the appropriate reagents. 2-Ethylthiooxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine has been successfully employed to synthesize some fused- triheterocyclic compounds.
2,2'-Biphosphinines and 1,4-Diphosphadienes as 8-Electron Donors toward Manganese Carbonyl (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2,2'-Biphosphinines and 1,4-Diphosphadienes as 8-Electron Donors toward Manganese CarbonylPascal Le Floch, Nicole Maigrot, Louis Ricard, Claude Charrier, and Francois MatheyCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 20, 5070–5072Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00124a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00124a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views143Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Limited longitudinal sliding of the median nerve in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (1995)

During normal movements or changes in position of the limbs, nerve structures must accommodate the resulting changes in length of the nerve path. In patients with carpal tunnel syndrome, we monitored electrophysiologically the longitudinal adjustment of the median nerve to positions of extreme flexion and extreme extension of the wrist and elbow, by measuring the differences induced in the latency of the sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) recorded in the forearm and upper arm. In patients, the latency difference was significantly shorter than in normal subjects (0.196 +/- 0.084 ms vs. 0.088 +/- 0.059 ms in the forearm, and 0.485 +/- 0.122 ms vs. 0.129 +/- 0.086 ms in the upper arm). These results indicate that the displacement of the source of the median nerve SNAP with movements of flexion and extension is limited in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Such an abnormality may partly underlie the pathophysiology of entrapment syndromes.
Construction of an Improved Tandem Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometer for Photodissociation of Ions Generated by Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI) (2005)

An improved tandem time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer for the photodissociation (PD) study of ions generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI), MALDI-TOF-PD-TOF, has been designed and constructed. Recording a full spectrum with better than unit mass resolution even in low mass range has been achieved without reflectron voltage stepping which was needed in the previous version. Other aspects of the improvement, such as those in the data system which now allow 10-100 times faster spectral acquisition than with the previous instrument, are described. Rationale for the ideas which have led to the improvements is presented also.
Effects of Varying Levels of Vegetable Juice Powder and Incubation Time on Color, Residual Nitrate and Nitrite, Pigment, pH, and Trained Sensory Attributes of Ready‐to‐Eat Uncured Ham (2007)

Vegetable juice powder (VJP) and a starter culture containing Staphylococcus carnosus have been identified as necessary ingredients for the manufacture of uncured, no-nitrate/nitrite-added meat products with quality and sensory attributes similar to traditional cured products. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of varying concentrations of VJP and incubation time (MIN-HOLD) on quality characteristics, including lipid oxidation, color, and cured meat pigment concentrations, of ham over a 90-d storage period, compare residual nitrate and nitrite content, and determine if differences exist in sensory properties of finished products. Four ham treatments (TRT) (TRT 1: 0.20% VJP, 0 MIN-HOLD; TRT 2: 0.20% VJP, 120 MIN-HOLD; TRT 3: 0.35% VJP, 0 MIN-HOLD; TRT 4: 0.35% VJP, 120 MIN-HOLD) and a sodium nitrite-added control (C) were used for this study. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed between TRTs and C for CIE L*, a*, b*, and cured color measured by reflectance ratio. Lipid oxidation (TBARS) for combined TRTs and C revealed little change over time while the C had less (P < 0.05) lipid oxidation than TRTs 2 and 4 for combined days. No differences (P > 0.05) were reported for cured pigment concentration between TRTs and C. Trained sensory panel intensity ratings for ham and vegetable aroma, and flavor, color, and firmness showed that a high concentration (0.35%) of VJP resulted in the highest scores for undesirable vegetable aroma and flavor. Treatment combinations with a low concentration (0.20%) of VJP were comparable to the C for all sensory attributes.
Derivation of endometrial gland organoids from term post-partum placenta (2019)

ABSTRACT A major limitation of recently developed methods for the generation of endometrial gland organoids is their reliance on decidua isolated from endometrial biopsies or elective termination of pregnancies. Here we report the successful establishment of endometrial gland organoids from decidua isolated from term placental membranes, as well as the identification of potential survival factors for the co-culture of gland organoids and endometrial stromal fibroblasts. These modifications facilitate the generation of patient-specific endometrial gland organoids with known pregnancy outcomes, such as term vs. preterm birth.
Halogeno-o-phenylenediamines and derived heterocycles. Part I. Reductive fission of benzotriazoles to o-phenylenediamines (1968)

4,5,6,7-Tetrachlorobenzotriazole and its 1-hydroxy-derivative have been reduced with zinc and hydrochloric acid to give 3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-o-phenylenediamine (II; R = Cl) in good yield. The corresponding diamines (II; R = Me or F) were obtained similarly from 4,5,7-trichloro-6-methyl(or fluoro)benzotriazole. Alternative syntheses of the tetrachloro- and methyltrichloro-phenylenediamines are described. Benzimidazoles, quinoxalines, and other heterocycles derived from the diamines, especially from tetrachloro-o-phenylenediamine, are reported.
Simulation of internal short circuits in lithium ion cells (2013)

Understanding the root causes and mitigating the safety hazards associated with internal short circuits in lithium ion cells is an active area of research and a needed update for battery safety standards. For battery safety standards, there is a need for a practical, safe and reliable test method for battery safety standards that can assess the safety performance of lithium ion cells under the conditions of an internal short circuit. In this paper, we provide details of proposed test method which relies on external, localized indentation of cell casing to induce an internal fault that might simulate some field failures.
Effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone Supplementation on Cognitive Function and Quality of Life: The DHEA and Well‐Ness (DAWN) Trial (2008)

DHEA supplementation has no benefit on cognitive performance or well-being in healthy older adults, and it should not be recommended for that purpose in the general population.
Synchronous dynamics of a coupled shaft/bearing/housing system with auxiliary support from a clearance bearing: Analysis and experiment (1992)

This study examines the response of a flexible rotor supported by load sharing between linear bearings and an auxiliary clearance bearing. The objective is to develop a better understanding of the dynamical behavior of a magnetic bearing supported rotor system interacting with auxiliary bearings during a critical operating condition. Of particular interest is the effect of coupling between the bearing/housing and shaft vibration on the rotordynamical responses. A simulation model is developed and a number of studies are performed for various parametric configurations. An experimental investigation is also conducted to compare and verify the rotordynamic behavior predicted by the simulation studies. A strategy for reducing synchronous shaft vibration through appropriate design of coupled shaft/bearing/housing vibration modes is identified.
Rule-Based Platform for Web User Profiling (2006)

This paper discusses a research project: rule-based Web user profiling platform. In this platform, usage data are encoded as a sequence of events, each of which represents an action performed by a user on a Web service at a given time. An event template is proposed to define event models for different Web services. The platform is rule-based. Rules define profile metrics and determine how to compute profile metrics from usage events. A prototype of the platform was implemented and was applied to generate profiles from page view events. The major contribution of the work is the rule-based approach to user profiling. It is the rules and the event template that provide the flexibility to allow the platform to be configured for different Web services.
Cystatin C versus Creatinine in Determining Risk Based on Kidney Function (2013)

The use of cystatin C alone or in combination with creatinine strengthens the association between the eGFR and the risks of death and end-stage renal disease across diverse populations. (Funded by the National Kidney Foundation and others.).
EFFECT OF MELATONIN AND SHORT PHOTOPERIOD ON Δ4-REDUCTASE ACTIVITY IN LIVER AND HYPOTHALAMUS OF THE HAMSTER AND THE RAT (1974)

SUMMARY Adult, male hamsters exposed to a photoperiod of 1 h light: 23 h darkness for either 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, or 10 weeks exhibited significantly lower testicular weights than did controls after 3 and 4 weeks of exposure to 14 h light: 10 h darkness. Liver Δ 4 -reductase activity was significantly decreased by 4 weeks of exposure to the short photoperiod. Exogenous melatonin decreased Δ 4 -reductase activity when incubated with either hamster liver (at 10 −7 and 10 −5 mol melatonin/l) or hamster hypothalamus (at 10 −6 mol melatonin/l). In contrast, exogenous melatonin stimulated Δ 4 -reductase activity in preparations of rat liver (at 10 −7 and 10 −6 mol/l) and rat hypothalamus (at 10 −9 , 10 −8 , 10 −7 , and 10 −6 mol/l). The possible role of melatonin in influencing the testosterone: dihydrotestosterone ratio is discussed in relation to possible regulation of gonadotrophin release.
Sweet Success: Ionic Liquids Derived from Non‐Nutritive Sweeteners. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Therapeutic approaches for corneal neovascularization (2017)

Angiogenesis refers to new blood vessels that originate from pre-existing vascular structures. Corneal neovascularization which can lead to compromised visual acuity occurs in a wide variety of corneal pathologies. A large subset of measures has been advocated to prevent and/or treat corneal neovascularization with varying degrees of success. These approaches include topical corticosteroid administration, laser treatment, cautery, and fine needle diathermy. Since the imbalance between proangiogenic agents and antiangiogenic agents primarily mediate the process of corneal neovascularization, recent therapies are intended to disrupt the different steps in the synthesis and actions of proangiogenic factors. These approaches, however, are only partially effective and may lead to several side effects. The aim of this article is to review the most relevant treatments for corneal neovascularization available so far.
Comprehensive Study of the Biliary Bile Acid Composition of Patients With Cystic Fibrosis and Associated Liver Disease Before and After Udca Administration (1990)

The biliary bile acid composition was determined for patients with cystic fibrosis and associated liver disease before and after the administration of ursodeoxycholic acid (10 to 15 mg/kg body wt/day). Bile acids were analyzed by fast atom bombardment ionization-mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after individual bile acids were separated according to their mode of conjugation using the lipophilic anion exchanger, diethylaminohydroxypropyl Sephadex LH-20. More than 50 individual bile acids were identified in the bile of cystic fibrosis patients and these acids were predominantly secreted as glycine and taurine conjugates. Small proportions (less than 8% of the total) of unconjugated and sulfate conjugates were present. Of interest was the identification of two side-chain-elongated (C25) bile acids, homocholic and homochenodeoxycholic acids. After ursodeoxycholic acid was administered, duodenal bile became enriched with the conjugated species of ursodeoxycholic acid (accounting for 11.9% to 32.5% of the total biliary bile acids), but to a lesser extent than reported previously for patients with other liver diseases or gallstones who received comparable doses of ursodeoxycholic acid, and this presumably occurs because of bile acid malabsorption that is a feature of cystic fibrosis. The mean glycine/taurine ratio increased from 2.4 before ursodeoxycholic acid administration to 5 after ursodeoxycholic acid administration even though these patients also received taurine. Despite the relatively low enrichment of the bile by ursodeoxycholic acid, biochemical indices of liver function all improved in these patients after ursodeoxycholic acid administration.
Self‐assembled Dynamic 3D Fingerprints in Liquid‐Crystal Coatings Towards Controllable Friction and Adhesion (2014)

Chiral-nematic polymer network coatings form a "fingerprint" texture through self-assembly. For this purpose the molecular helix of the coating is oriented parallel to the substrate. The coating has a flat surface but when actuated by light in the presence of a copolymerized azobenzene compound, 3D fingerprint structures appear in the coating. The helix forms protrusions at the positions where the molecules are aligned parallel to the surface and withdraws at the positions where the orientation is perpendicular. This process proceeds rapidly and is reversible, that is, the fingerprint-shaped protrusions disappear when the light is switched off. The texture in the on-state resembles that of a human fingerprint and is used to manipulate the gripping friction of a robotic finger. The friction coefficient drops by a factor of four to five when the fingerprint switched on because of reduced surface contacts.
Rate-Distortion Optimized Interactive Light Field Streaming (2007)

High-quality, photorealistic image-based rendering datasets are typically too large to download entirely before viewing, even when compressed. It is more suitable to instead stream the required image data to a remote user who can start interacting with the dataset immediately. This paper presents an interactive light field streaming system and proposes packet scheduling for transmitting the encoded image data in a rate-distortion optimized manner. An interactive light field streaming system must have low user latency. The system presented in this paper predicts the future user viewing trajectory to mitigate the effects of the low-latency constraints. Experimental results show that view prediction can improve performance, and that this improvement is limited by the prediction accuracy. The proposed packet scheduling algorithm considers network conditions and rate-distortion cost, knowledge of sent and received images, and the distortion for a set of images, to optimize the rendered image quality for the remote user. Rate-distortion optimized scheduling can be implemented either at the receiver or the sender. It is shown that this rate-distortion optimized packet scheduling can significantly improve performance over a heuristic scheduling approach. Experimental results also show that the encoding prediction dependency structure affects streaming performance both through the compression efficiency of the encoding and also through any decoding dependencies that may be introduced
Gas sensor test chip (2002)

A new test chip has been developed to characterize conducting polymers used in gas sensors. The chip, a seven layer cofired alumina substrate with gold electrodes, contains 11 comb and U-bend test structures. The structures are designed to measure the sheet resistance, conduction anisotropy, and peripheral conduction of spin coated films that are not subsequently patterned. The resistance of the polypyrrole films change by a few percent in response to various alcohols. Results from the test chip revealed that the vapor response depends on electrode geometry.
Controlling the Emerging Data Dilemma (2011)

Software as a service (SaaS) is rapidly emerging as the dominant delivery model for meeting the needs of enterprise IT services. However, most enterprises are still uncomfortable with the SaaS model due to lack of visibility about the way their data is stored and secured. According to the Forrester study, “e State of Enterprise Software: 2009,” security concerns are the most commonly cited reason why enterprises aren’t interested in SaaS. Consequently, addressing enterprise security concerns has emerged as the biggest challenge for the adoption of SaaS applications.
The Arabidopsis Mei2 homologue AML1 binds AtRaptor1B, the plant homologue of a major regulator of eukaryotic cell growth (2005)

AML1 interacts with AtRaptor1B, homologue of a protein that recruits substrates for phosphorylation by the major cell-growth regulator TOR. Identification of AML1 as a putative downstream effector of TOR gives valuable insights into the plant-specific mode of action of this critical growth regulator.
Overexpression of a glutamate receptor (GluR2) ligand binding domain in <i>Escherichia coli</i> : Application of a novel protein folding screen (1997)

Expression of the S1S2 ligand binding domain [Kuusinen, A., Arvola, M. & Keinänen, K. (1995) EMBO J. 14, 6327-6332] of the rat alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid-selective glutamate receptor GluR2 in Escherichia coli under control of a T7 promoter leads to production of >100 mg/liter of histidine-tagged S1S2 protein (HS1S2) in the form of inclusion bodies. Using a novel fractional factorial folding screen and a rational, step-by-step approach, multiple conditions were determined for the folding of the HS1S2 alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid binding domain. Characterization of the HS1S2 ligand binding domain showed that it is water-soluble, monomeric, has significant secondary structure, and is sensitive to trypsinolysis at sites close to the beginning of the putative transmembrane regions. Application of a fractional factorial folding screen to other proteins may provide a useful means to evaluate E. coli as an economical and convenient expression host.
Cold‐activation of <i>Brassica napus BN115</i> promoter is mediated by structural changes in membranes and cytoskeleton, and requires Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx (2001)

Previous studies on cold-triggered events leading to Ca2+ influx during cold acclimatization have been conducted on either unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis or plant cell suspensions, and used transcript levels of cold-induced genes as end-point markers. Whether the results of these studies are valid for intact plants or their organs is not known. Here we examine cold signaling in transgenic Brassica napus seedlings carrying, in addition to the endogenous cold-inducible BN115 gene, the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene placed under control of the BN115 promoter. The activity of BN115 promoter was monitored at the transcriptional and translational levels by determining accumulation of BN115 transcripts and by histochemical assay of GUS activity. Cold-activation of BN115 was strongly inhibited by the membrane fluidizer benzyl alcohol, but mimicked at 25 degrees C by the membrane rigidifier dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The cold induction of BN115 was also inhibited by stabilizers of microtubules and actin microfilaments, taxol and jasplakinolide, respectively, but was mimicked at 25 degrees C by microtubule destabilizer oryzalin or colchicine, or by microfilament destabilizer latrunculin B. Gd3+ or ruthenium red prevented the cold activation of BN115, but Ca2+ ionophore A23187 or cyclic ADP-ribose activated it at 25 degrees C. Inhibitors of tyrosine kinases, protein kinase C and phosphoinositide kinases prevented the cold activation of BN115, but inhibitors of protein phosphatases (PP) 1 and 2 A activated BN115 at 25 degrees C. Constitutively expressed GUS activity in another transgenic line of the same cultivar of B. napus, was not affected by cold or any of the chemical treatments used in the experimentation. Activation of BN115 at 25 degrees C by DMSO, Ca2+ ionophore, cADPR, and by inhibitors of PP1 and 2A was accompanied by an increased freezing tolerance. It was concluded that the cold-activation of BN115 requires membrane rigidification, cytoskeleton reorganization, Ca2+ influx and action of several types of protein kinases.