gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Motions and Load Characteristics of an Attenuator Type Wave Energy Converter in Longitudinal Waves (2018)

This paper experimentally investigated motions and loads characteristics of an attenuator type wave energy converter (AWEC) in longitudinal waves. The AWEC model consists of a set of cylindrical floats linked by two-degree-of-freedom joints. The power take-off (PTO) system of the AWEC model is a linear spring and damper system. Several conditions of the PTO system, such as power production conditions and fault conditions, were tested by the tank test. From the test results, response amplitude of the joint angle between cylindrical floats changes with the PTO system conditions both in regular and in irregular waves. As the load characteristics acting on the joints were affected by the PTO system conditions, it is important for the safety assessments of the AWEC to consider the conditions of the PTO system. The AWEC's simulation model based on a commercial code, the Orcaflex, was constructed and the simulated results were compared to the measured ones in regular waves. The model reasonably explained measured motions for each tested PTO conditions and measured loads on the AWEC if the PTO system was set to the power production condition or the fault condition that the joints were free to rotate.
Statistical Validation Framework for Automotive Vehicle Simulations Using Uncertainty Learning (2021)

The modelling and simulation process in the automotive domain is transforming. Increasing system complexity and variant diversity, especially in new electric powertrain systems, lead to complex, modular simulations that depend on virtual vehicle development, testing and approval. Consequently, the emerging key requirements for automotive validation involve a precise reliability quantification across a large application domain. Validation is unable to meet these requirements because its results provide little information, uncertainties are neglected, the model reliability cannot be easily extrapolated and the resulting application domain is small. In order to address these insufficiencies, this paper develops a statistical validation framework for dynamic systems with changing parameter configurations, thus enabling a flexible validation of complex total vehicle simulations including powertrain modelling. It uses non-deterministic models to consider input uncertainties, applies uncertainty learning to predict inherent model uncertainties and enables precise reliability quantification of arbitrary system parameter configurations to form a large application domain. The paper explains the framework with real-world data from a prototype electric vehicle on a dynamometer, validates it with additional tests and compares it to conventional validation methods. It is published as an open-source document. With the validation information from the framework and the knowledge deduced from the real-world problem, the paper solves its key requirements and offers recommendations on how to efficiently revise models with the framework’s validation results.
Increased accuracy of absorption cytophotometric DNA values by control of stain intensity. (1981)

A method of improving absorption cytophotometric cellular DNA values by making measurements on Feulgenstained cells at optimal stain absorbances has been developed. Stain intensity can be controlled either by alteration of the Feulgen staining reaction or by selection of "off-peak" wavelengths of light for cytometry. The use of chicken red blood cells as an internal standard, and of a computerized cytometer for the measurements, allows selection of the appropriate off-peak light wavelengths, correction for staining variability at different sites on the same slide, and rapid calculation of cellular DNA values. Cytometry can also be performed at controlled absorbance levels on autoradiographs of 3H-thymidine-labeled cells to allow direct study of the DNA content of nonlabeled G1/G0 and G2/M cells. Use of this technique on mixtures of mouse thymocytes, spleen cells, bone marrow cells, and liver cells gave essentially identical values for G1/G0 cellular DNA content, with coefficients of variation of less than 3%.
Design of sparse FIR filters using linear programming (2002)

More efficient use of multipliers in finite impulse response (FIR) filters can be achieved at the expense of a slight increase in delay by designing sparse FIR filters. Two new methods of designing sparse linear phase FIR filters are reported. One results in sparse direct-form filters for a particular class of filters, and is based on Fourier analysis. The second method is heuristic in nature, and gives a relatively simple approach to designing sparse cascaded filters. Both methods use linear programming for the design.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
INTEGRATING SCAT DATA AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS TO SUPPORT SHORELINE CLEANUP OPERATIONS (1997)

ABSTRACT An analysis of the work performed by the various teams involved in shoreline cleanup operations has been applied to the design of an approach for the integration of data collected by the SCAT process with electronic maps produced by geographical information system (GIS) technology. This has led to the implementation of a PC-based system that incorporates a database of SCAT information, a knowledge base on oil behavior and shoreline cleanup, and a GIS. The system provides support to data collection using the SCAT approach for field teams and to map-based data analysis for planners and managers. In the course of this work, a set of the maps that are considered the most useful for summarizing information about shoreline conditions was designed and evaluated. This evaluation initially involved consultation with individuals experienced in shoreline cleanup. The applicability of the map representation for decision making was further tested during spill drills. SCAT surveys generate a large volume of data that need to be captured and integrated. There is a risk that this large amount of information might overwhelm decision makers involved in the management of shoreline cleanup operations. The paper describes the various modifications that were made to the SHORECLEAN software package to provide some solutions to these problems. These include providing specialized SCAT data entry forms, automating the links between a SCAT database and a GIS, and producing map representations that provide clear, useful, and nonmisleading information for decision makers.
rpoN, mmoR and mmoG, genes involved in regulating the expression of soluble methane monooxygenase in Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b (2003)

The methanotrophic bacterium Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b converts methane to methanol using two distinct forms of methane monooxygenase (MMO) enzyme: a cytoplasmic soluble form (sMMO) and a membrane-bound form (pMMO). The transcription of these two operons is known to proceed in a reciprocal fashion with sMMO expressed at low copper-to-biomass ratios and pMMO at high copper-to-biomass ratios. Transcription of the smmo operon is initiated from a sigma(N) promoter 5' of mmoX. In this study the genes encoding sigma(N) (rpoN) and a typical sigma(N)-dependent transcriptional activator (mmoR) were cloned and sequenced. mmoR, a regulatory gene, and mmoG, a gene encoding a GroEL homologue, lie 5' of the structural genes for the sMMO enzyme. Subsequent mutation of rpoN and mmoR by marker-exchange mutagenesis resulted in strains Gm1 and JS1, which were unable to express functional sMMO or initiate transcription of mmoX. An rpoN mutant was also unable to fix nitrogen or use nitrate as sole nitrogen source, indicating that sigma(N) plays a role in both nitrogen and carbon metabolism in Ms. trichosporium OB3b. The data also indicate that mmoG is transcribed in a sigma(N)- and MmoR-independent manner. Marker-exchange mutagenesis of mmoG revealed that MmoG is necessary for smmo gene transcription and activity and may be an MmoR-specific chaperone required for functional assembly of transcriptionally competent MmoR in vivo. The data presented allow the proposal of a more complete model for copper-mediated regulation of smmo gene expression.
Properties of liposomes coated with hydrophobically modified chitosan in oral liposomal drug delivery. (2006)

Chitosan (CS) has been widely used as an adhesive coating polymer for oral liposomal drug delivery systems because of its adhesive properties on mucous layers. The coating mechanism or interaction of chitosan and liposomes or mucin mainly depends on electrostatic forces. Thus, to enhance the adhesive properties of chitosan, a hydrophobically modified chitosan, i.e., dodecylated chitosan (DC), was synthesized. BIACORE results showed that both CS and DC could interact with mucin. Differences in sensorgram patterns between chitosan-mucin and dodecylated chitosan-mucin were observed and tentatively attributed to differences in binding kinetics. The zeta potential of dodecylated chitosan-coated liposomes (DC-Lip) showed positive values in both liposomal formulations, i.e., negatively charged and neutral-charge liposomes. These results indicated that DC could be considered a more suitable polymer for coating neutral-charge liposomes than CS because the hydrophobic side chain of DC inserts itself into the lipid bilayer of liposomes. Moreover, CS seemed to be less effective in the coating of a neutral-charge liposome because of the low positive values of its zeta potential. CS provided solely electrostatic forces when used for coating liposomes while DC provided electrostatic and hydrophobic forces due to the long alkyl chain in its backbone. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) images indicated that both chitosan-coated liposomes (CS-Lip) and DC-Lip could adhere to and penetrate through the small intestine of rats after oral administration. The pharmacological results showed that DC-Lip had a greater effect in decreasing blood calcium concentration during the first 12 h compared with CS-Lip. Therefore, it can be concluded that dodecylated chitosan can be useful in designing oral liposomal drug delivery systems.
Comparative studies of thermogels in preventing post-operative adhesions and corresponding mechanisms (2014)

Post-surgical peritoneal adhesions constitute a classic problem in surgery, and thus anti-adhesion materials are much required. In this study, a series of polyester-PEG-polyester triblock copolymers with different biodegradable polyester compositions were synthesized, their properties were examined, and the in vivo efficacies as anti-adhesion biomaterials were evaluated in a comparative way for the first time. These samples not only exhibited various morphologies in the bulk state, but also possessed different stabilities in the sol state. All the polymer aqueous solutions with appropriate compositions and concentrations underwent sol-gel transitions with increase of temperature and formed semi-solid hydrogels at body temperature. The efficacy of PEG/polyester thermogels (25 wt%) for preventing post-operative abdominal adhesions was investigated and compared in a rabbit model of sidewall defect-bowel abrasion. Different efficacies of anti-adhesion were observed, possible mechanisms were discussed, and the importance of viscoelasticity was suggested for the first time. These results illustrated that appropriate properties of PEG/polyester thermogels including viscoelastic matrix, hydrophilic surface and moderate in vivo persistence played crucial roles in enabling an effective device to prevent post-surgical peritoneal adhesions.
Properties of the Solid State (1988)

The physical properties of the solid state of both drugs and adjuvants are of considerable interest as they can affect both the production of dosage forms and the biological behaviour of the finished form. Powders, as Pilpell reminds us, ‘can float like a gas, flow like a solid or support a weight in the same way as hard-packed snow’. We deal with aerosolised powders in chapter 9, and some properties of compacted solids in chapter 6, but here our main interest is in the effect of crystallinity and particle size on drug behaviour especially dissolution and bioavailability.
Application of BBU+RRU Based Comp System to LTE-Advanced (2009)

LTE-Advanced system which based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) can eliminate intra-cell interference but still can not mitigate inter-cell interference (ICI). Coordinated Multi-Point transmission/reception (CoMP) is one of the candidate techniques for LTE-Advanced systems to increase the cell average and cell edge user throughput in the both uplink and downlink. Although CoMP naturally increases system complexity, it has potentially significant capacity and coverage benefits, making it worth a more detailed consideration. In this paper, we present our initial views on the application of BBU+RRU based CoMP system to LTE-Advanced. Furthermore, simulation results for uplink show that the CoMP joint processing can bring significant gains to both the average sector throughput and the 5% of user throughput.
Physical Chemistry: Developing a Dynamic Curriculum. (1993)

Part 1 Today's physical chemistry classroom: computational chemistry in the physical chemistry laboratory - ab initio molecular orbital calculations, Franklin B. Brown state-to-state dynamics, Richard W. Schwenz atmospheric chemistry, Don Stedman aspects of surface science for emphasis in the physical chemistry curriculum, A.W. Czanderna. Part 2 Why modernise the laboratory?: a consortium-based approach to laboratory modernization - the Pew physical chemistry project, Colin F. MacKay. Part 3 Laser experiments: a hands-on helium-neon user for teaching the principles of laser operation, William F. Polik basic laser spectroscopy for the physical chemistry laboratory, Jack K. Steehier three applications of a nitrogen-user-pumped dye laser in the undergraduate laboratory - from spectroscopy to photochemistry, Julio C. de Paula et al flash photolysis of benzophenone, Patrick L. Holt laser photo-oxidative chemistry of quadricyclane, Joseph J. BetBruno multiphoton ionization spectroscopy of cesium atoms, Charles S. Feigerle and Robert N. Compton picosecond user spectroscopy, Weining Wang et al experiments in user Raman spectroscopy for the physical chemistry laboratory, Robert J. Moore et al. Part 4 Laser experiments in thermodynamics: time-resolved thermal lens calorimetry with a helium-neon laser, J.E. Salcido et al determination of thermodynamic excess functions by combination of several techniques including laser Light scattering, Gerald R. Van Hecke. Part 5 Fluorescence probes: fluorescence probes of b-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, Virginia M. Indivero and Thomas A. Stephenson measurements of fluorescence intensity and Lifetime, Lee K. Fraiji et al. Part 6 A new look at classical topics: Huckel molecular orbitals, Richard S. Moog measurement of the photoelectric effect, Andrew Loomis and Richard W. Schwenz high-resolution vibration-rotation spectra of deuterated acetylenes, J.I. Steinfeld and Keith A. Nelson NMR relaxation times, Kathryn R. Williams and Roy W. King. Part 7 Polymer experiments: polymers in the physical chemistry laboratory - an integrated experimental programme, Donald A. Tarr et al determination of polymer molecular weight in an aqueous-based solvent system by gel permeation chromatography, Susan Mathison et al thermodynamic properties of elastomers, Kathryn R. Williams. Part 8 Incorporating modern instrumentation: oxygen binding to haemoglobin, Betty J. Gaffney and Paul J. Dagdigian mass spectrometer or mass selective detector used to study gas-phase reactions, Colin F. MacKay an introductory experiment in cyclic voltammetry.
Targeting renal dipeptidase (dehydropeptidase I) for inactivation by mechanism-based inactivators (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTargeting renal dipeptidase (dehydropeptidase I) for inactivation by mechanism-based inactivatorsYong Qian Wu and Shahriar MobasheryCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1991, 34, 6, 1914–1916Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00110a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00110a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views150Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE DIELS‐ALDER REACTION OF HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE WITH CYCLIC DIENOPHILES. XVI. SYNTHESIS OF N‐ARYLIMIDES OF ENDO‐ AND EXO‐BICYCLO(2.2.1)HEPT‐5‐ENE‐2,3‐DICARBOXYLIC ACID AND THEIR ADDUCTS WITH HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE (1980)

Abstract Die1s‐Alder‐Reaktionen von (II) bzw. (V) ( 1 H‐NMR‐Spektren) mit Hexachlorcyclopentadien liefern die Addukte (III) und (VI) (Kinetik).
Effects of Substrate Protection on Immobilized Glucose Isomerase Reactor (1993)

The effect of substrate protection on enzyme deactivation was studied in a differential bed and a packed bed reactor using a commercial immobilized glucose isomerase (Swetase, Nagase Co.). Experimental data obtained from the differential bed reactor were analysed based on Briggs-Haldane kinetics in which enzyme deactivation accompanying the protection of substrate was considered. The mathematical analysis describing the performance of a packed bed reactor under the considerations of the effects of substrate protection, diffusion resistance, and enzyme deactivation was studied. Based on the effect of substrate protection, a better operation policy could be theoretically found for promoting productivity in long-term operation.
ICA-ANN method in fault diagnosis of rotating machinery (2012)

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is a powerful tool for redundancy reduction and nongaussian data analysis. And, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), especially the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) based on unsupervised learning is a kind of excellent method for pattern clustering and recognition. By combining ICA with ANN, we proposed a novel compound neural network for fault diagnosis. First, two neural ICA algorithms were applied to fusion of multi-channel measurements by sensors. Moreover, a unit for further feature extraction was used to capture statistical features higher than second order, which embedded into the measurements. Second, certain a typical neural classifier such as Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Radial Basis Function (RBF) or SOM was trained for the final pattern classification. The results from contrast experiments in fault diagnosis show that the proposed compound neural network with ICA based feature extraction can classify various fault patterns at considerable accuracy, and be constructed in simpler way, both of which imply its great potential in pattern classification.
Mechanisms of uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> persistence and eradication from the urinary tract (2006)

Recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) are a source of considerable morbidity in women. The infecting bacteria in both rUTIs and a de novo acute infection have been thought to originate from an extraurinary location. Here, we show in a murine model of UTI that uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) established quiescent intracellular reservoirs (QIRs) in Lamp1+ endosomes within the urinary bladder epithelium. Depending on the integrity of the urothelial barriers at the time of initial infection, these QIRs were established within terminally differentiated superficial facet cells and/or underlying transitional epithelial cells. Treatment of infected bladders harboring exclusively superficial facet cell QIRs with the cationic protein, protamine sulfate, led to epithelial exfoliation and eradication of bacteria in 100% of treated animals. However, when the bacterial QIRs were harbored in underlying transitional cells, stimulation of epithelial turnover triggered reemergence of viable organisms and recurrence of infection. Thus, our results suggest (i) that bacterial QIRs within the bladder may be a previously unappreciated source of recurrent UTIs and (ii) that inducing epithelial exfoliation may be a therapeutic avenue for treating this heretofore recalcitrant disease.
A community recommendation method based on social networks for web 2.0-based IPTV (2009)

Web 2.0-based IPTV is a new Internet protocol television (IPTV) infrastructure that allows users to participate in content creation and consumption through Web-based communities that are formed based on user interests. However, there are some limitations in making users actively participate in creating and utilizing communities. First, users need to explicitly create and manage their communities. In addition, it is difficult for users to identify and join communities that meet their needs. This paper proposes a method to identify and recommend potential IPTV communities for users by using their social relationships and preferences. The main goal of this method is to motivate users to actively participate in creating and sharing their contents through recommended communities. We have implemented a prototype of Web 2.0-based IPTV that allows users to share their contents and build relevant knowledge regarding the contents through blogs and Wiki-based communities.
Particle contamination characterization in a helicon plasma etching tool (1996)

There is much current interest regarding the formation, transport, charging, and behavior of particulate contamination in high density plasma tools, as these tools are generally regarded as the future of plasma processing for the semiconductor industry due to the need to obtain greater anisotropy and faster process rates concurrently with reduced surface damage. Because of the low pressures in which these tools typically operate (&lt;5 mTorr), the likelihood of homogeneous nucleation processes leading to particle contamination problems is low. Similarly, the effect of ion drag is also expected to be greater, possibly leading to reduced particle trapping effects. Yet, few laser light scatter studies have been performed in high density plasma tools. This study is the first in situ characterization of particle contamination in a plasma etching tool using a helicon source. It was performed during normal process conditions for poly-Si etching and also under intentionally altered process conditions designed to produce particles. The effect of a bipolar, electrostatic chuck on wafer particle deposition was also investigated. Results showed that under normal process conditions, few particles were deposited onto the wafer; those that were observed were attributed to thermal stress effects resulting in flaking of deposition films, probably on the quartz bell jar of the source. Results also suggest that the electrostatic chuck increased particle deposition when the clamping voltage was applied. No trapping was observed over the wafer or near the source. However, some trapped particles were observed below the wafer platform. These particles showed unusual motion, but probably have minimal effect on wafer contamination. The issues pertaining to particle contamination formation and transport in this high density plasma tool are discussed.