gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Changes in Outer Membrane Proteins of Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (1988)

Five individual colonies of Haemophilus influenzae were isolated from each of one to three cultures of sputum collected from 18 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The isolates were studied to investigate whether the major outer membrane proteins (MOMPs) changed during persistence. The relationship between isolates was analyzed by fingerprinting their chromosomal DNA. The fingerprints of eight strains (isolated from eight patients) with various MOMP compositions were different, whereas fingerprints of isolates with identical MOMP compositions were indistinguishable. In 12 patients, two or more strains with different MOMP compositions were found; one strain was isolated from the sputum samples of each of the six remaining patients. In seven of the 12 patients, strains with different MOMPs but with indistinguishable fingerprints were found. The differences were found in proteins b,c (five patients) and d (five patients). In patients with COPD, the MOMPs of H. influenzae are subject to changes that may enable this bacterium to escape immunological defense mechanisms.
Evidence of intercellular coupling between co‐cultured adult rabbit ventricular myocytes and myofibroblasts (2007)

Intercellular coupling between ventricular myocytes and myofibroblasts was studied by co-culturing adult rabbit ventricular myocytes with previously prepared layers of cardiac myofibroblasts. Intercellular coupling was examined by: (i) tracking the movement of the fluorescent dye calcein; (ii) immunostaining for connexin 43 (Cx43); and (iii) measurement of intracellular [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i). The effects of stimulating ventricular myocytes on the underlying myofibroblasts was examined by confocal measurements of [Ca2+]i using fluo-3. When ventricular myocytes were preloaded with calcein and co-cultured with myofibroblasts for 24 h, calcein fluorescence was detected in 52+/-4% (n=8 co-cultures) of surrounding myofibroblasts. Treatment with the gap junction uncoupler heptanol significantly reduced the movement of calcein (12+/-3%, n=6 co-cultures). Immunostaining showed expression of Cx43 in co-cultured myofibroblasts and myocytes. Field stimulation of ventricular myocytes co-cultured with myofibroblasts increased myofibroblast [Ca2+]i, no response was observed after treatment with heptanol or stimulation of fibroblasts in the absence of ventricular myocytes. Action potential parameters of ventricular myocytes in co-culture were similar to control values. However, application of the hormone sphingosine-1-phosphate (S-1-P) to the co-culture caused a depolarization of ventricular myocytes to approximately -20 mV. Sphingosine-1-phosphate had no effect on ventricular myocytes alone. Voltage-clamp measurements of isolated myofibroblasts indicated that S-1-P activated a significant quasi-linear current with a reversal potential of approximately -40 mV. In conclusion, this study shows that stimulation of the ventricular myocyte influences the intracellular Ca2+ of the linked myofibroblast via connexons. These intercellular links also allow the myofibroblasts to influence the electrical activity of the myocyte. This work indicates the nature of the gap junction-mediated bi-directional interactions that occur between ventricular myocyte and myofibroblast.
Membrane Receptors of Mouse Lymphocytes for Various Lectins1 (1977)

The major glycoproteins which bind various lectins (Bauhinia purpurea, Lens culinaris, Pisum sativum, Ricinus communis, and wheat germ hemagglutinins) were isolated from splenic lymphocytes of DD-mice. The surface of the cells was radioiodinated using the enzyme lactoperoxidase and the crude membranes (microsomal fraction) were isolated from the radioiodinated cells. These membranes were solubilized with Triton X-100 and subjected to affinity chromatography on affinity adsorbents prepared by coupling the lectins to activated Sepharose 4B. The glycoproteins specifically eluted with haptenic sugars from the affinity adsorbents were analyzed according to their mobility on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate. The mitogenic lectins (P. sativum, L. culinaris) and R. communis hemagglutinin, which preferentially interact with the sugar chains of the type found in serum glycoproteins (serum glycoprotein-type sugar chains), bind strongly membrane glycoproteins with molecular weights ranging from 80,000 to 20,000, whereas the other lectins, which can interact with sugar chains such as those of mucins (mucin-type sugar chains), bind membrane glycoproteins with molecular weights higher than 100,000. To characterize the receptor sites for mitogenic lectins on the surface of lymphocytes, the membrane glycoproteins of C3H/He-mouse splenic lymphocytes, which were specifically eluted from a column of P. sativum-Sepharose 4B, were further identified by immunoprecipitation with specific antisera. Immunoglobulins, possibly immunoglobulins M and D, and the histocompatibility-2-complex proteins (H-2D, H-2K, and Ia antigens) were found to be major receptor sites.
Combining of power control commands during soft handover in WCDMA (2004)

This paper discusses the TPC detection performance in soft handover in WCDMA. A simple TPC commands combining method is evaluated and an improved TPC combining method is proposed. Results show that although the simple combining method fulfills the 3GPP requirements, it does not perform well from the system performance perspective. The proposed combining method significantly improves the system performance.
A simple method for the study of scale pattern and effects of a moisturizer-qualitative and quantitative evaluation by D-Squame® tape compared with parameters of epidermal hydration (1989)

A new tape (D-Squame tape) made for scale pattern assessments was used to study epidermal effects of an oil-in-water emulsion applied at random to forearm skin of 16 volunteers. The contralateral forearm served as an untreated control. The emulsion was applied twice daily for 7 days. Tapes were assessed visually in a medical viewer, and a special system for measurement of optical transmission of the tapes was established. Visual evaluation showed (Day 7) an altered pattern in nine volunteers with an absence of flakes on the treated side, which was not seen on the control side. The optical transmission of the tapes from the 16 volunteers was significantly increased in samples from the test side (P less than 0.001). One week after cessation of treatment the transmission was still increased (P less than 0.02), and one volunteer presented an altered scale pattern according to visual grading. Measurements of electrical conductance and capacitance, both parameters of epidermal hydration, gave similar results, i.e., increased values on Day 7 and increased conductance 1 week later. Thus, the epidermal effects of the emulsion were protracted. Evaluation of the tape method showed this to be reproducible and valid. The method is easy to use and suited for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of variations in the scale pattern of human skin.
Retinoid activation of retinoic acid receptor but not retinoid X receptor is sufficient to rescue lethal defect in retinoic acid synthesis (2003)

Two isomers of retinoic acid (RA) may be necessary as ligands for retinoid signaling: all-trans-RA for RA receptors (RARs) and 9-cis-RA for retinoid X receptors (RXRs). This was explored by using retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (Raldh)2-/- mouse embryos lacking mesodermal RA synthesis that display early growth arrest unless rescued by all-trans-RA administration. Because isomerization of all-trans-RA to 9-cis-RA can occur, it is unclear whether both ligands are needed for rescue. We show here that an RAR-specific ligand can rescue Raldh2-/- embryos as efficiently as all-trans-RA, whereas an RXR-specific ligand has no effect. Further, whereas all-trans-RA was detected in embryos, 9-cis-RA was undetectable unless a supraphysiological dose of all-trans-RA was administered, revealing that 9-cis-RA is of pharmacological but not physiological significance. Because 9-cis-RA is undetectable and unnecessary for Raldh2-/- rescue, and others have shown that 4-oxo-RA is unnecessary for mouse development, all-trans-RA emerges as the only ligand clearly necessary for retinoid receptor signaling.
Size-dependent efficiency and efficiency droop of blue InGaN micro-light emitting diodes (2012)

The mechanisms of size-dependent efficiency and efficiency droop of blue InGaN micro-pixel light emitting diodes (μLEDs) have been investigated experimentally and by simulation. Electrical characterisation confirms the improvement of current spreading for smaller μLEDs, which enables the achievement of the higher efficiency at high injection current densities. Owing to the higher ratio of sidewall perimeter to mesa area of smaller μLEDs, a lower efficiency was observed at a low injection current density, resulting from defect-related Shockley-Read-Hall non-radiative recombination. We demonstrate that such sidewall etch defects can be partially recovered by increased thermal annealing time, consequently improving the efficiency at low current densities.
Screen-Printing Fabrication and Characterization of Stretchable Electronics (2016)

This article focuses on the fabrication and characterization of stretchable interconnects for wearable electronics applications. Interconnects were screen-printed with a stretchable silver-polymer composite ink on 50-μm thick thermoplastic polyurethane. The initial sheet resistances of the manufactured interconnects were an average of 36.2 mΩ/◽, and half the manufactured samples withstood single strains of up to 74%. The strain proportionality of resistance is discussed, and a regression model is introduced. Cycling strain increased resistance. However, the resistances here were almost fully reversible, and this recovery was time-dependent. Normalized resistances to 10%, 15%, and 20% cyclic strains stabilized at 1.3, 1.4, and 1.7. We also tested the validity of our model for radio-frequency applications through characterization of a stretchable radio-frequency identification tag.
Electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole (1979)

The electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole on platinum produces a strongly adhered, durable film with enhanced conductivity and good electrode properties.
OLTIPRAZ PROVIDES PROTECTIOTO SWISS ALBIO MICE AGAIST GAMMA RADIATIO. (2010)

Summary In the present study Radiation protection from Oltipraz (5-[2-pyrazinyl]-4-methyl-1, 2-dithiol-3-thione) has been evaluated in Swiss albino mice. The oral administration of Oltipraz (100 mg/kg/day dissolved in 10% Tween 80) was given to 6-8 week old Swiss albino mice (25±2gm) for 2 consecutive days prior to irradiation. A regression analysis of survival data yielded LD 50/30 as 5.82 and 8.38 Gy for the control (radiation alone) and experimental (Oltipraz + radiation) groups, respectively, yielding a dose reduction factor of 1.44. The results of the present study suggest that Oltipraz provides protection against gamma radiation induced alterations in Swiss albino mice.
DEVELOPMENT OF NIOBIUM-BASE ALLOYS (1961)

The effect of oxygen and nitrogen additions on the hardness, workability, strain-hardening characteristics, and recrystallization behavior of niobium was determined. Nitrogen additions were found to be detrimental to cold rolling characteristics. Hardness, workability, and mechanical property data for Nb-C alloys were obtained. Grain boundary carbides were found to be very detrimental to cold workability. Carbon additions increased the ductile-brittle transition temperature range of niobium. Mechanical property data were obtained for many binary, ternary and quaternary niobium base alloys. Re, W, and Mo additions increased the ductile-brlttle transition of niobium. A number of alloys were prepared by the consumable-electrode arc-melting process. Ingot breakdown was accomplished by high energy rate extrusion (Dynapak). The results of Dynapak extrusion were very encouraging. Several high strength alloys were investigated. One alloy, Nb-l0W-5V-lZr, had excellent room temperature ductility and ultimate tensile strengths of 64,800 psi and 29,450 psi at l205 and l3l5 deg C, respectively. Welding data for a number of Nb-base alloys are presented. (auth)
Long-haul coherent optical fiber communication systems using optical amplifiers (1991)

Studies on long-haul coherent optical fiber communication systems with in-line optical amplifier repeaters are made theoretically and experimentally. By theoretical calculation it was found that coherent systems can achieve wider dynamic range for an amplifier input power as compared with the intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM-DD) systems. The feasibility of such systems using traveling-wave semiconductor laser amplifiers (TWSLAs) and erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) was investigated, and 546 km, 140 Mb/s CPFSK transmission using TWSLAs and 1028-km, 560-Mb/s CPFSK transmission using EDFAs were successfully demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Encapsulation (1974)

Currently a certifiably secure multiuser operating system does not exist; no operating system has been able to withstand mallcious attacks by skilled penetrators. While there is a strongly felt need in both the military and civilian sectors for reliably secure operating system software, any solution to the security problem must also take into account the enormous investment in existing equipment and software.In the present paper, hypervisors are discussed as one approach to retrofitting security, but rejected due to the high cost and complexity of installing them on existing equipment. Encapsulation, an alternative solution proposed for batch and remote batch entry applications, requires only a small amount of additional hardware and verified software. The resulting system can be certified to be secure, and is thus suitable for stringent military requirements. The solution is applicable---essentially unchanged---to a wide class of hardware and software, and it is not sensitive to special versions of (or changes to) operating system code. Operating efficiency and construction costs of the encapsulation method are discussed to demonstrate its feasibility.This work has been performed under Advanced Research Projects Agency Contract DAHC15 72 C 0308. It is part of a larger effort to provide securable operating systems in DOD environments.
Pharmacological Targeting of Neuronal Kv7.2/3 Channels: A Focus on Chemotypes and Receptor Sites (2017)

In the present work we have attempted to show the current status and growing potential of the Kv7 pharmacology field. We anticipate a bright future for the field, and express our hopes that the efforts herein reviewed will result in an improved treatment of hyperexcitability (or any other) diseases.
Functional Electrical Stimulation Enhancement of Upper Extremity Functional Recovery During Stroke Rehabilitation: A Pilot Study (2007)

Upper extremity task-oriented training that begins soon after stroke that incorporates FES may improve upper extremity functional use in patients with mild/moderate paresis more than task-oriented training without FES.
Summaries of Justice Raymond L. Sullivan's Majority Opinions on the Supreme Court of California (1994)

This appendix lists all of the opinions written by Justice
Enhanced light–matter interaction at nanoscale by utilizing high-aspect-ratio metallic gratings (2013)

We report the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of high-aspect-ratio metallic gratings integrated with nanoscale semiconductor structures, which enable efficient light-matter interaction at the nanoscale over interaction lengths as long as two times of the effective optical wavelength. The efficient light-matter interaction at the nanoscale is enabled by excitation of the guided modes of subwavelength slab waveguides formed by the high-aspect-ratio metallic gratings. By controlling the height of the high-aspect-ratio gratings, the wavelength of the guided modes through the nanoscale semiconductor structures is determined.
InGaAsP Lasers on GaAs Fabricated by the Surface Activated Wafer Direct Bonding Method at Room Temperature (1998)

1.3 µm InGaAsP/InP strained-layer quantum wells ridge waveguide lasers have been successfully fabricated on a GaAs substrate by the surface activated wafer direct bonding method at room temperature. In this method, the surfaces of two wafers are activated by Ar fast atom beam irradiation and mated in a high vacuum. A high bonding strength was attained. No microcracks and voids were found under transmission electron microscopy(TEM). A threshold current density of 500 A/cm 2 was achieved. This technique is very promising to realize a monolithic of optoelectronic integrated circuits for optical communications and interconnections.
Prevalence and characterization of Clostridium perfringens from the faecal microbiota of elderly Irish subjects (2012)

The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity and composition of the intestinal microbiota of elderly subjects using a combination of culture-dependent techniques and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The study was performed as part of the ELDERMET project, in which 368 faecal samples were assessed for viable numbers of Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae on selective agar. However, the Bifidobacterium selective medium used also supported the growth of Clostridium perfringens, which appeared as distinct colonies and were subsequently characterized phenotypically and genotypically. All the isolates were confirmed as toxin biotype A producers. In addition, three isolates tested also had the genetic determinants for the β2 toxin. Of the 368 faecal samples assessed, C. perfringens was detected in 28 samples (7.6%). Moreover, C. perfringens was observed in samples from subjects in all the residence locations assessed but was most prevalent in subjects from long-stay residential care, with 71.4% of the samples (63.2% of the subjects) being from this residence location, and with a shedding level in excess of 10(6) c.f.u. (g faeces)(-1). Microbiota profiling revealed some significant compositional changes across both the family and genus taxonomic levels between the C. perfringens-positive and -negative datasets. Levels of culturable Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the C. perfringens-positive samples. Sequence-based methods also confirmed a significant difference in the Bifidobacterium spp. level (P<0.05) between both datasets. Taken together, these data suggest that a high viable count [>10(6) c.f.u. (g faeces)(-1)] of C. perfringens in stool samples may be indicative of a less healthy microbiota in the intestine of elderly people in long-stay residential care.
Electrical Noise from Instrument Cables Subjected to Shock and Vibration (1952)

Existing information on the reduction of spurious signals from instrument cables is reviewed. A tentative theory is formulated to account for the known data. Subsequent experiments confirm this theory and allow the formulation of a detailed mechanism of noise generation in cables. The noise may be eliminated for practical purposes (reduced by a factor of 500 or more in some cases) by having continuous electrical conduction between both surfaces of the insulating dielectric and the adjacent conductors. A simple procedure is outlined to make short lengths of this cable for laboratory use, and an industrially applicable method is suggested. There appears to be no limit on how small the diameter of such cables could be made.
On Kinetics of Cholesterol Oxidase from<i>Brevibacterium sterolicum</i>in the Presence of Detergents (1978)

Journal Article On Kinetics of Cholesterol Oxidase from Brevibacterium sterolicum in the Presence of Detergents Get access Takayuki Uwajima, Takayuki Uwajima Tokyo Research Laboratory, Kyowa Hakko Co., Ltd., Machida-shi, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Osamu Terada Osamu Terada Tokyo Research Laboratory, Kyowa Hakko Co., Ltd., Machida-shi, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 42, Issue 7, 1 July 1978, Pages 1453–1454, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1978.10863186 Published: 01 July 1978 Article history Received: 17 April 1978 Published: 01 July 1978
Real-time driver's eye state detection (2006)

Driver's eye state is a key factor for identifying the driver's visual attention. This paper proposes a real-time system to detect the driver's eye state. The system combines several basic image processing techniques which can achieve better performance than other single arithmetic. And we contrive different methods to detect the eye state in the daytime and at night. Firstly, the system combines the skin-color matching & vertical projection in the daytime and applies the intensity adjusting & vertical projection at night to detect and track the face region, and then validates it by geometric symmetry of face; secondly, we apply the horizontal projection to detect the eye position and validate it by some facial features; Lastly, a new complexity function is employed to judge the eye state, and the frequency of eye closure is registered. The method in our paper can detect whether the eyes are close more efficient than many other methods and it is more real-time with less computation. The experiment results show that this method is a robust and real-time one.
Doped optical claddings for waveguide devices with electrooptical polymers (1992)

Optical claddings used with electrooptical polymer waveguides were doped with organic salts. The resulting decrease in resistivity was used to increase the electrical field strength across the electrooptical polymer. Relative poling fields were increased by a factor of 3.1 near the T/sub g/ temperature, and the V/sub pi / was decreased by a factor of 2.8.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Edge Focusing (1987)

Edge detection in a gray-scale image at a fine resolution typically yields noise and unnecessary detail, whereas edge detection at a coarse resolution distorts edge contours. We show that ``edge focusing'', i.e., a coarse-to-fine tracking in a continuous manner, combines high positional accuracy with good noise-reduction. This is of vital interest in several applications. Junctions of different kinds are in this way restored with high precision, which is a basic requirement when performing (projective) geometric analysis of an image for the purpose of restoring the three-dimensional scene. Segmentation of a scene using geometric clues like parallelism, etc., is also facilitated by the algorithm, since unnecessary detail has been filtered away. There are indications that an extension of the focusing algorithm can classify edges, to some extent, into the categories diffuse and nondiffuse (for example diffuse illumination edges). The edge focusing algorithm contains two parameters, namely the coarseness of the resolution in the blurred image from where we start the focusing procedure, and a threshold on the gradient magnitude at this coarse level. The latter parameter seems less critical for the behavior of the algorithm and is not present in the focusing part, i.e., at finer resolutions. The step length of the scale parameter in the focusing scheme has been chosen so that edge elements do not move more than one pixel per focusing step.