gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Prussian Blue Using Citrate and Electrochromic Property (2019)

Metal organic frameworks(MOFs), consisting of metal ions or metal ion clusters and organic ligands, has unique structural and functional properties due to its porous structure. Recently, Prussian blue(PB) received attention for their applications in sensor, energy storage, electrochromic, and drug delivery field. In PB, iron, which is a transition metal, exists in two oxidation states, and charge and electron transfer between the two oxidation states is possible and electrochromic property is exhibited. However, in order to apply the selective electrochromic property, it is necessary to make a thin film by modifying the PB surface. In this paper, Fe<sub>4</sub>[Fe(CN<sub>6</sub>)]<sub>3</sub> porous samples synthesize with citrate and citric acid as dispersant in a water and ethanol solvent at room temperature. The structure and morphology of Fe<sub>4</sub>[Fe(CN<sub>6</sub>)]<sub>3</sub> can be controlled by adjusting number of precursor, precursor solution, amount of additives, ratio of additives. Synthesized materials were analyzed by XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and EIS.
Mechanisms Underlying the Frequency Dependence of Contraction and [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> Transients in Mouse Ventricular Myocytes (2002)

In most mammalian species force of contraction of cardiac muscle increases with increasing rate of stimulation, i.e. a positive force-frequency relationship. In single mouse ventricular cells, both positive and negative relationships have been described and little is known about the underlying mechanisms. We studied enzymatically isolated single ventricular mouse myocytes, at 30 degrees C. During field stimulation, amplitude of unloaded cell shortening increased with increasing frequency of stimulation (0.04 +/- 0.01 Delta L/L(0) at 1 Hz to 0.07 +/- 0.01 Delta L/L(0) at 4 Hz, n = 12, P < 0.05). During whole cell voltage clamp with 50 microM [K5-fluo-3](pip), both peak and baseline [Ca(2+)](i) increased at higher stimulation frequencies, but the net Delta[Ca(2+)](i) increased only modestly from 1.59 +/- 0.08 Delta F/F(0) at 1 Hz, to 1.71 +/- 0.11 Delta F/F(0) at 4 Hz (n = 17, P < 0.05). When a 1 s pause was interposed during stimulation at 2 and 4 Hz, [Ca(2+)](i) transients were significantly larger (at 4 Hz, peak F/F(0) increased by 78 +/- 2 %, n = 5). SR Ca(2+) content assessed during caffeine application, significantly increased from 91 +/- 24 micromol l(-1) at 1 Hz to 173 +/- 20 micromol l(-1) at 4 Hz (n = 5, P < 0.05). Peak I(Ca,L) decreased at higher frequencies (by 28 +/- 6 % at 2 Hz, and 45 +/- 8 % at 4 Hz), due to slow recovery from inactivation. This loss of I(Ca,L) resulted in reduced fractional release. Thus, in mouse ventricular myocytes the [Ca(2+)](i)-frequency response depends on a balance between the increase in SR content and the loss of trigger I(Ca,L). Small changes in this balance may contribute to variability in frequency-dependent behaviour. In addition, there may be a regulation of the contractile response downstream of [Ca(2+)](i).
A 1-mil/SUP 2/ single-transistor memory cell in n silicon-gate technology (1973)

For a comparison of different single-transistor cell designs and sense/refresh amplifier designs figures of merit are derived from the quasi-static behavior of the memory circuit during sensing. The principles of the different cell designs are discussed. A cell with the most favorable design has been realized with a standard n silicon-gate process sequence and contact photolithography. It uses aluminum word lines of 5 /spl mu/m width and separation, a contact hole with a size of 4 /spl mu/m to 6 /spl mu/m, and diffused bit lines with a width of 4 /spl mu/m. For the 1-mil/SUP 2/ memory cell a sense/refresh amplifier based on the gated flip-flop principle has been realized. The sensitivity of this amplifier, which is determined by the integrated circuit element tolerances is estimated and measured.
Influence Maximization with Viral Product Design (2014)

Product design and viral marketing are two popular concepts in the marketing literature that, although following different paths, aim at the same goal: maximizing the adoption of a new product. While the effect of the social network is nowadays kept in great consideration in any marketing-related activity, the interplay between product design and social influence is surprisingly still largely unexplored. In this paper we move a first step in this direction and study the problem of designing the features of a novel product such that its adoption, fueled by peer influence and “word-of-mouth” effect, is maximized. We model the viral process of product adoption on the basis of social influence and the features of the product, and devise an improved iterative scaling procedure to learn the parameters that maximize the likelihood of our novel feature-aware propagation model. In order to design an effective algorithm for our problem, we study the property of the underlying propagation model. In particular we show that the expected spread, i.e., the objective function to maximize, is monotone and submodular when we fix the features of the product and seek for the set of users to target in the viral marketing campaign. Instead, when we fix the set of users and try to find the optimal features for the product, then the expected spread is neither submodular nor monotone (as it is the case, in general, for product design). Therefore, we develop an algorithm based on an alternating optimization between selecting the features of the product, and the set of users to target in the campaign. Our experimental evaluation on real-world data from the domain of social music consumption (LastFM) and social movie consumption (Flixster) confirms the effectiveness of the proposed framework in integrating product design in viral marketing.
An arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus significantly modifies the soil bacterial community and nitrogen cycling during litter decomposition (2013)

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) perform an important ecosystem service by improving plant nutrient capture from soil, yet little is known about how AMF influence soil microbial communities during nutrient uptake. We tested whether an AMF modifies the soil microbial community and nitrogen cycling during litter decomposition. A two-chamber microcosm system was employed to create a root-free soil environment to control AMF access to (13) C- and (15) N-labelled root litter. Using a 16S rRNA gene microarray, we documented that approximately 10% of the bacterial community responded to the AMF, Glomus hoi. Taxa from the Firmicutes responded positively to AMF, while taxa from the Actinobacteria and Comamonadaceae responded negatively to AMF. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that AMF may influence bacterial community assembly processes. Using nanometre-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) we visualized the location of AMF-transported (13) C and (15) N in plant roots. Bulk isotope ratio mass spectrometry revealed that the AMF exported 4.9% of the litter (15) N to the host plant (Plantago lanceolata L.), and litter-derived (15) N was preferentially exported relative to litter-derived (13) C. Our results suggest that the AMF primarily took up N in the inorganic form, and N export is one mechanism by which AMF could modify the soil microbial community and decomposition processes.
Superior Performance of Aptamer in Tumor Penetration over Antibody: Implication of Aptamer-Based Theranostics in Solid Tumors (2015)

Insufficient penetration of therapeutic agents into tumor tissues results in inadequate drug distribution and lower intracellular concentration of drugs, leading to the increase of drug resistance and resultant failure of cancer treatment. Targeted drug delivery to solid tumors followed by complete drug penetration and durable retention will significantly improve clinical outcomes of cancer therapy. Monoclonal antibodies have been commonly used in clinic for cancer treatment, but their limitation of penetrating into tumor tissues still remains because of their large size. Aptamers, as "chemical antibodies", are 15-20 times smaller than antibodies. To explore whether aptamers are superior to antibodies in terms of tumor penetration, we carried out the first comprehensive study to compare the performance of an EpCAM aptamer with an EpCAM antibody in theranostic applications. Penetration and retention were studied in in vitro three-dimensional tumorspheres, in vivo live animal imaging and mouse colorectal cancer xenograft model. We found that the EpCAM aptamer can not only effectively penetrate into the tumorsphere cores but can also be retained by tumor sphere cells for at least 24 h, while limited tumor penetration by EpCAM antibody was observed after 4 h incubation. As observed from in vivo live animal imaging, EpCAM aptamers displayed a maximum tumor uptake at around 10 min followed by a rapid clearance after 80 min, while the signal of peak uptake and disappearance of antibody appeared at 3 h and 6 h after intravenous injection, respectively. The signal of PEGylated EpCAM aptamers in xenograft tumors was sustained for 26 h, which was 4.3-fold longer than that of the EpCAM antibody. Consistently, there were 1.67-fold and 6.6-fold higher accumulation of PEGylated aptamer in xenograft tumors than that of antibody, at 3 h and 24 h after intravenous administration, respectively. In addition, the aptamer achieved at least a 4-time better tumor penetration in xenograft tumors than that of the antibody at a 200 μm distances from the blood vessels 3 h after intravenous injection. Taken together, these data indicate that aptmers are superior to antibodies in cancer theranostics due to their better tumor penetration, more homogeneous distribution and longer retention in tumor sites. Thus, aptamers are promising agents for targeted tumor therapeutics and molecular imaging.
1,4‐Dinitrocubane and Cubane under High Pressure (1991)

Abstract The effects of pressure on the chemical reactivity, phase behaviour and thermal decomposition of energetic materials can be studied by a combination of measurement techniques in conjunction with a high pressure diamond anvil cell and the ruby fluorescence method of pressure measurement. These techniques include: (1) optical polarizing microscopy and (2) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Recent results on the study of 1,4‐dinitrocubane and cubane will be presented.
Replicated data management for transactions sharing in distributed database (2000)

A new technique called transaction sharing quorum technique (TSQT) is proposed to manage replicated data in a distributed database system. This technique provides high availability for read and write operations by taking into account a number of transactions sharing on data copies. We start by generalising this technique subject to the transactions sharing data item in common in order to evaluate a majority quorum for both read and write operations. The majority quorum under TSQT is based on two types, in which for type I, transactions are accessing the same data item at the same time at any point of time, and for type II, it is based on specific time interval. Compared to other protocols, both types under TSQT require significantly lower communication costs for an operation, while providing higher data availability.
Whatever happened to NSC--? An analysis of clinical results of discontinued anticancer agents. (1977)

Twenty-six investigational anticancer drugs formerly supplied by the National Cancer Institute are no longer available due to the lack of requests for their use in clinical trials. This report examines the data on these drugs to determine how well they were clinically evaluated. Generally, the studies are incomplete, and 34% of the compounds have not been studied beyond phase I trials. Clinical pharmacology data were not obtained for most of the drugs. In addition, the information available for drugs that did undergo phase II trials is grossly inadequate and does not permit a confident decision to withdraw them from investigational use. Instances of "hints" of activity and interesting drug properties are cited to stimulate further study. Finally, a list of compounds scheduled for future termination is given within the framework of this analysis to provoke thought toward obtaining more phase II data before these drugs fall into disuse.
Placental growth factor (PLGF): – Ein prädiktiver Marker für Präeklampsie? (2009)

Einleitung: Die Präeklampsie ist eine der Hauptursachen maternaler, fetaler und neonataler Mortalität. Eine veränderte Angiogenese scheint eine ursächliche Bedeutung in der Entstehung einer Präeklampsie zu haben. Placental growth factor (PLGF) ist ein wichtiger Regulator in der plazentaren Entwicklung und potenziert die angiogenetische Aktivität des Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Der korrespondierende Rezeptor, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, hat antiangiogenetische Aktivität. Seit kurzem ist ein PLGF-ELISA Kit für Routinediagnostik erhältlich, der ggfs. neue Möglichkeiten in der Früherkennung einer Präeklampsie eröffnet.
Recent progress on arrayed-waveguide gratings for WDM applications (1999)

Wavelength filters with high channel numbers and a narrow channel spacing have become quite important for dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems. Silica-based AWG, in particular, have many advantages in terms of extension to large scale devices, reproducibility, fabrication cost, and hybrid integration with semiconductor devices. In this paper, we describe recent progress on silica-based AWG for DWDM applications. The crosstalk in a 64-channel AWG with a 50 GHz channel spacing was about -4O dB. We also consider a temperature insensitive athermal AWG and a 16/spl times/16 AWG router.
Evaluation of the limestone dual alkali prototype System plant Scholz: system design and program plan. Final report Oct 78-Mar 80 (1981)

The report describes the (Phase I) design of both a limestone dual alkali system at Gulf Power Co.'s Scholz steam plant and a related test program. The limestone dual alkali process will be tested at an existing 20 MWe prototype facility at the Scholz plant. The intent of the project is not only to demonstrate the technical feasibility of the process at a prototype level but also to supply technical and cost information related to the implementation of the process at a full commercial scale. The project is being carried out in three phases: Phase I, project planning; Phase II, procurement, recommissioning, and construction; and Phase III, startup, teating, decommissioning, and data analysis. Recommissioning costs at Scholz were about $800,000. Capital and operating costs (in 1979 dollars) projected for a new 500 MW limestone dual alkali system based on the prototype experience are estimated to be $95/kW and 4.5 mills/kWh, respectively. The process was developed by Combustion Equipment Associates, Inc. and Arthur D. Little, Inc.; CEA's Air Pollution Division was sold to Thyssen-CEA Environmental Systems, Inc. in late 1980.
Alkaline hydrolysis of p-nitroacetanilide and p-formylacetanilide (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkaline hydrolysis of p-nitroacetanilide and p-formylacetanilideMyron L. Bender and Ralph M. PollackCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 24, 7190–7194Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00727a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00727a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views779Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Visual tracking of human visitors under variable-lighting conditions for a responsive audio art installation (2012)

For a responsive audio art installation in a skylit atrium, we introduce a single-camera statistical segmentation and tracking algorithm. The algorithm combines statistical background image estimation, per-pixel Bayesian segmentation, and an approximate solution to the multi-target tracking problem using a bank of Kalman filters and Gale-Shapley matching. A heuristic confidence model enables selective filtering of tracks based on dynamic data. We demonstrate that our algorithm has improved recall and F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -score over existing methods in OpenCV 2.1 in a variety of situations. We further demonstrate that feedback between the tracking and the segmentation systems improves recall and F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -score. The system described operated effectively for 5-8 hours per day for 4 months; algorithms are evaluated on video from the camera installed in the atrium. Source code and sample data is open source and available in OpenCV.
Fabrication of endothelialized tube in collagen gel as starting point for self‐developing capillary‐like network to construct three‐dimensional organs in vitro (2006)

A possible strategy for creating three-dimensional (3D) tissue-engineered organs in vitro with similar volumes to the primary organs is to develop a capillary network throughout the constructs to provide sufficient oxygenation and nutrition to the cells composing them. Here, we propose a novel approach for the creation of a capillary-like network in vitro, based on the spontaneous tube-forming activity of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) in collagen gel. We fabricated a linear tube of 500 microm in diameter, the inner surface of which was filled with bovine carotid artery vascular endothelial cells (BECs), in type I collagen gel as a starting point for the formation of a capillary-like network. The BECs exposed to a medium containing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) migrated into the ambient gel around the tube. After 2 weeks of VEGF exposure, the distance of the migration into the ambient gel in the radial direction of the tube reached approximately 800 microm. Cross-sections of capillary-like structures composed of the migrating BECs, with a lumen-like interior space, were observed in slices of the gel around the tube stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E). These results demonstrate that this approach using a pre-established tube, which is composed of ECs, as a starting point for a self-developing capillary-like network is potentially useful for constructing 3D organs in vitro.
ORGANIC ACIDS CONCENTRATION IN CITRUS JUICE FROM CONVENTIONAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING (2012)

ISHS XXVIII International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People (IHC2010): International Symposium on Organic Horticulture: Productivity and Sustainability ORGANIC ACIDS CONCENTRATION IN CITRUS JUICE FROM CONVENTIONAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING
A complex 3D transition zone survey in the Patagonian Desert: A case history (1997)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997A complex 3D transition zone survey in the Patagonian Desert: A case historyAuthors: Rodolfo EliaN. MoldoveanuM. BeattieD. VighRodolfo EliaYPE Argentina, N. MoldoveanuGeco‐Prakla Schlumberger, M. BeattieGeco‐Prakla Schlumberger, and D. VighGeco‐Prakla Schlumbergerhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1886155 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1886155FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByReferences29 April 2013 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1997 Pages: 2067 publication data© 1997 Copyright © 1997 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Rodolfo Elia, N. Moldoveanu, M. Beattie, and D. Vigh, (1997), "A complex 3D transition zone survey in the Patagonian Desert: A case history," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 87-90. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1886155 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Low power and high speed bipolar switching with a thin reactive Ti buffer layer in robust HfO2 based RRAM (2008)

A novel HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -based resistive memory with the TiN electrodes is proposed and fully integrated with 0.18 mum CMOS technology. By using a thin Ti layer as the reactive buffer layer into the anodic side of capacitor-like memory cell, excellent memory performances, such as low operation current (down to 25 muA), high on/off resistance ratio (above 1,000), fast switching speed (5 ns), satisfactory switching endurance (>10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> cycles), and reliable data retention (10 years extrapolation at 200degC) have been demonstrated in our memory device. Moreover, the benefits of high yield, robust memory performance at high temperature (200degC), excellent scalability, and multi-level operation promise its application in the next generation nonvolatile memory.
Cactus Alkaloids, LXI. Identification of Mescaline and Related Compounds in Eight Additional Species Using Tlc and Ms/ms (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCactus Alkaloids, LXI. Identification of Mescaline and Related Compounds in Eight Additional Species Using Tlc and Ms/msW. W. Ma, X. Y. Jiang, R. G. Cooks, J. L. McLaughlin, A. C. Gibson, F. Zeylemaker, and C. N. OstolazaCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1986, 49, 4, 735–737Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50046a050https://doi.org/10.1021/np50046a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views330Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts