gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and structure of a new family of cuprate superconductors: LnSr2Cu2GaO7 (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and structure of a new family of cuprate superconductors: LnSr2Cu2GaO7J. T. Vaughey, J. P. Thiel, E. F. Hasty, D. A. Groenke, Charlotte L. Stern, K. R. Poeppelmeier, B. Dabrowski, D. G. Hinks, and A. W. MitchellCite this: Chem. Mater. 1991, 3, 5, 935–940Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00017a032https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00017a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views357Altmetric-Citations105LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Observation of Individual Chemical Reactions in Solution (1995)

Discrete chemical reaction events occurring in solution have been observed by single photon detection of a bimolecular, chemiluminescent reaction. The reactants were generated from 9,10-diphenylanthracene in acetonitrile with potential pulses applied to an ultramicroelectrode. Electrogenerated radical ions of opposite sign react to yield the excited singlet state of the parent compound. The chemical reactions were restricted to a 20-femtoliter volume adjacent to the electrode by the use of rapid potential pulses. Individual chemical reaction events were stochastic and followed the Poisson distribution, and the interarrival time between successive reaction events was exponentially distributed.
Synthetic LXR agonist attenuates plaque formation in apoE-/- mice without inducing liver steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia (2008)

Liver X receptors (LXRs) are important regulators of cholesterol and lipid metabolism. LXR agonists have been shown to limit the cellular cholesterol content by inducing reverse cholesterol transport, increasing bile acid production, and inhibiting intestinal cholesterol absorption. Most of them, however, also increase lipogenesis via sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP1c) and carbohydrate response element-binding protein activation resulting in hypertriglyceridemia and liver steatosis. We report on the antiatherogenic properties of the steroidal liver X receptor agonist N,N-dimethyl-3beta-hydroxy-cholenamide (DMHCA) in apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient mice. Long-term administration of DMHCA (11 weeks) significantly reduced lesion formation in male and female apoE-null mice. Notably, DMHCA neither increased hepatic triglyceride (TG) levels in male nor female apoE-deficient mice. ATP binding cassette transporter A1 and G1 and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase mRNA abundances were increased, whereas SREBP1c mRNA expression was unchanged in liver, and even decreased in macrophages and intestine. Short-term treatment revealed even higher changes on mRNA regulation. Our data provide evidence that DMHCA is a strong candidate as therapeutic agent for the treatment or prevention of atherosclerosis, circumventing the negative side effects of other LXR agonists.
In vitro fertilization of horse follicular oocytes matured in vitro (1990)

In vitro fertilizing ability of stallion spermatozoa was assessed using horse follicular oocytes matured in vitro. After collection, stallion spermatozoa were either: 1) washed and incubated in TALP medium with 3 mg/ml bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 10 micrograms/ml heparin for 4h, 2) washed and incubated in TALP with 3 mg/ml BSA for 3 h and cultured for a further 1 h with 1 mM caffeine and 5 mM dbcAMP, 3) washed and incubated in TALP medium with 3 mg/ml BSA at pH 7.9-8.2 for 2-4 h, or 4) diluted and incubated in TALP medium with 10 mg/ml BSA and 7.14 microM calcium ionophore A 23187 for 5-10 min followed by washing. After a given pretreatment, suspensions were diluted into B2 medium to a concentration of 5 x 10(6) sperm/ml and co-incubated with oocytes for 12 h or 24-48 h. In the ionophore-treated group, 18 of 54 oocytes (33%) were fertilized by 12 h, and 11 of 45 (24%) cleaved by 24-48 h. Evidence of fertilization was not found in the oocytes incubated with spermatozoa from other treatment procedures.
Back to the future: The human protein index (HPI) and the agenda for post-proteomic biology (2001)

The effort to produce an index of all human proteins (the human protein index, or HPI) began twenty years ago, before the initiation of the human genome program. Because DNA sequencing technology is inherently simpler and more scalable than protein analytical technology, and because the finiteness of genomes invited a spirit of rapid conquest, the notion of genome sequencing has displaced that of protein databases in the minds of most molecular biologists for the last decade. However, now that the human genome sequence is nearing completion, a major realignment is under way that brings proteins back to the center of biological thinking. Using an influx of new and improved protein technologies--from mass spectrometry to re-engineered two-dimensional (2-D) gel systems, the original objectives of the HPI have been expanded and the time frame for its execution radically shortened. Several additional large scale technology efforts flowing from the HPI are also described.
Minimum Deadline Calculation for Periodic Real-Time Tasks in Dynamic Priority Systems (2008)

Real-time systems are often designed using a set of periodic tasks. Task periods are usually set by the system requirements, but deadlines and computation times can be modified in order to improve system performance. Sensitivity analysis in real-time systems has focused on changes in task computation times using fixed priority analysis. Only a few studies deal with the modification of deadlines in dynamic-priority scheduling. The aim of this work is to provide a sensitivity analysis for task deadlines in the context of dynamic-priority, preemptive, uniprocessor scheduling. In this paper, we present a deadline minimization method that computes the shortest deadline of a periodic task. As undertaken in other studies concerning computation times, we also define and calculate the critical scaling factor for task deadlines. Our proposal is evaluated and compared with other works. The deadline minimization proposed strongly reduces jitter and the response time of control tasks, which can lead to a significant improvement in system performance.
The Surface Area and Catalytic Activity of Aluminum Oxide (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Surface Area and Catalytic Activity of Aluminum OxideWallace S. Brey and K. A. KriegerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 11, 3637–3641Publication Date (Print):November 19, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 19 November 1949https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01179a016RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views652Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (497 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sol‐Gel Synthesized Magnetic MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Spinel Ferrite Nanoparticles as Novel Catalyst for Oxidative Degradation of Methyl Orange (2013)

The MnFe 2 O 4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles with sensitive magnetic response properties and high specific surface area were prepared from metal nitrates by the sol‐gel process as catalysts for oxidative degradation of methyl orange (MO). The nanoparticles were characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET surface area analysis, H 2 ‐Temperature programmed reduction (H 2 ‐TPR), X‐ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and vibration sample magnetometer (VSM). The catalytic activity experimental results showed that the MnFe 2 O 4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles possess very high MO degradation activity. It is expected that this kind of MnFe 2 O 4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles has a potential application in water treatment fields due to its sensitive magnetic response properties and high catalytic activity.
Bone marrow cells adopt the cardiomyogenic fate <i>in vivo</i> (2007)

The possibility that adult bone marrow cells (BMCs) retain a remarkable degree of developmental plasticity and acquire the cardiomyocyte lineage after infarction has been challenged, and the notion of BMC transdifferentiation has been questioned. The center of the controversy is the lack of unequivocal evidence in favor of myocardial regeneration by the injection of BMCs in the infarcted heart. Because of the interest in cell-based therapy for heart failure, several approaches including gene reporter assay, genetic tagging, cell genotyping, PCR-based detection of donor genes, and direct immunofluorescence with quantum dots were used to prove or disprove BMC transdifferentiation. Our results indicate that BMCs engraft, survive, and grow within the spared myocardium after infarction by forming junctional complexes with resident myocytes. BMCs and myocytes express at their interface connexin 43 and N-cadherin, and this interaction may be critical for BMCs to adopt the cardiomyogenic fate. With time, a large number of myocytes and coronary vessels are generated. Myocytes show a diploid DNA content and carry, at most, two sex chromosomes. Old and new myocytes show synchronicity in calcium transients, providing strong evidence in favor of the functional coupling of these two cell populations. Thus, BMCs transdifferentiate and acquire the cardiomyogenic and vascular phenotypes restoring the infarcted heart. Together, our studies reveal that locally delivered BMCs generate de novo myocardium composed of integrated cardiomyocytes and coronary vessels. This process occurs independently of cell fusion and ameliorates structurally and functionally the outcome of the heart after infarction.
On the retrieval of moment tensors from borehole data (2007)

ABSTRACT The complete moment tensors of seismic sources in homogeneous or vertically inhomogeneous isotropic structures cannot be retrieved using receivers deployed in one vertical borehole. The complete moment tensors can be retrieved from amplitudes of P‐waves, provided that receivers are deployed in at least three boreholes. Using amplitudes of P‐ and S‐waves, two boreholes are, in principle, sufficient. Similar rules also apply to transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry. In the case of limited observations, the inversion can be stabilized by imposing the zero‐trace constraint on the moment tensors. However, this constraint is valid only if applied to observations of shear faulting on planar faults in isotropic media, which produces double‐couple mechanisms. For shear faulting on non‐planar faults, for tensile faulting, and for shear faulting in anisotropic media, the zero‐trace constraint is no longer valid and can distort the retrieved moment tensor and bias the fault‐plane solution. Numerical modelling simulating the inversion of the double‐couple mechanism from real data reveals that the errors in the double‐couple and non‐double‐couple percentages of the moment tensors rapidly decrease with increase in the number of boreholes used. For noisy P‐ and S‐wave amplitudes with noise of 15% of the top amplitude at each channel and for a velocity model biased by 10%, the errors in the double‐couple percentage attain 25, 13 and 6% when inverting for the double‐couple mechanism from one, two and three boreholes.
Deviation of immune response to Chlamydia psittaci outer membrane protein in lipopolysaccharide-hyporesponsive mice (1995)

The outcome of infection is determined by both the quantity and the quality of an induced immune response. In particular, it has been demonstrated for selected pathogens that induction of TH1 or TH2 type helper T-cell subsets determines whether an immune response gives rise to protective immunity or disease-associated immunopathology. The nature of the antigen and the type of antigen-presenting cells recruited in the induction of a response are critical factors that influence the quality of the immune response. Of particular interest in this respect is the immune response to bacterial particles and the impact of cell wall-associated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on that response. Nonspecific activation of macrophages and B lymphocytes by LPS could skew the phenotype of activated antigen-presenting cells and selectively alter the immunoglobulin isotypes and helper T-cell subsets that are induced following infection. In an initial attempt to detect immune deviation associated with LPS stimulation, we have compared the immunoglobulin isotypes of antibodies specific for the cysteine-rich outer membrane protein Omp2 induced in normal and LPS-hyporesponsive mice following immunization with Chlamydia psittaci strain guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis whole elementary bodies. We report that there is a dramatic shift of Omp2-specific antibody from predominantly immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) isotype in LPS-hyporesponsive mice to high levels of IgG1 isotype in LPS-responder strains. The dependence of the IgG1 isotype shift on the LPS responder status is linked to the structure of the antigen and its natural processing pathway since LPS-hyporesponsive mice are not, in general, deficient in IgG1 antibody production. In particular, the antibody response to purified recombinant Omp2 is predominantly of the IgG1 isotype even in LPS-hyporesponsive mice.
H/sub ∞/-force control of a hydraulic servo-actuator with environmental uncertainties (2002)

This paper deals with the application of the H/sub /spl infin//-approach to robustly control the force exerted by a hydraulic servo-actuator on its environment. In order to evaluate the system stability and the performance, large environmental uncertainties and disturbances are introduced by use of a particular workpiece. The major nonlinearities of the system are pointed out through experimental tests and parameters estimation results. Then, a linear time-invariant model for control is defined with respect to both system dynamics and application requirements. Experimental and simulation control results are presented and the achievement of a stability/performance trade-off is discussed.
Feeling Bumps and Holes without a Haptic Interface: the Perception of Pseudo-Haptic Textures (2004)

We present a new interaction technique to simulate textures in desktop applications without a haptic interface. The proposed technique consists in modifying the motion of the cursor on the computer screen -- i.e. the Control/Display ratio. Assuming that the image displayed on the screen corresponds to a top view of the texture, an acceleration (or deceleration) of the cursor indicates a negative (or positive) slope of the texture. Experimental evaluations showed that participants could successfully identify macroscopic textures such as bumps and holes, by simply using the variations of the motion of the cursor. Furthermore, the participants were able to draw the different profiles of bumps and holes which were simulated, correctly. These results suggest that our technique enabled the participants to successfully conjure a mental image of the topography of the macroscopic textures. Applications for this technique are: the feeling of images (pictures, drawings) or GUI components (windows&apos; edges, buttons), the improvement of navigation, or the visualization of scientific data.
Cancer testis antigens in human melanoma stem cells: Expression, distribution, and methylation status (2008)

Neoplastic populations with stem cell potential have been most recently identified in human cutaneous melanoma, and initially characterized for their phenotypic profile. Being melanoma stem cells (MSC) the most desirable target of therapeutic intervention, we asked whether they express the epigenetically-regulated cancer testis antigens (CTA) on which melanoma immunotherapy is increasingly focusing. Reverse transcription-PCR analyses identified the presence of the large majority of investigated CTA (i.e., MAGE, GAGE, NY-ESO, and SSX families) in different MSC populations. MSC expressed MAGE-A proteins as detected by western blot; noteworthy, the distribution of MAGE-A proteins was highly homogeneous within given MSC populations as shown by confocal immunofluorescence. Promoter methylation studies unveiled a homogeneously-demethylated MAGE-A3 promoter that paired MAGE-A3 expression in MSC. Altogether these findings demonstrate that MSC can be efficiently targeted by CTA-directed immunotherapeutic approaches, and suggest that epigenetic patterns most likely drive the expression of CTA in MSC as previously shown for melanoma cells.
Some Properties of Cellulose Esters of Homologous Fatty Acids (1935)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleSome Properties of Cellulose Esters of Homologous Fatty AcidsS. E. SheppardS. E. SheppardMore by S. E. Sheppard and P. T. NewsomeP. T. NewsomeMore by P. T. NewsomeCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1935, 39, 1, 143–152Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1935https://doi.org/10.1021/j150361a011Request reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (394 KB) Get e-Alerts
Simple and effective algorithm for automatic tracking of a single object using a pan-tilt-zoom camera (2003)

This paper presents a simple but effective algorithm for a pan-tilt-zoom camera to automatically track a single moving object. The proposed tracking algorithm is suitable for but not limited to stationary background, and it can tolerate reasonable noise and light change. The main idea is to initially capture the background information and to calculate the difference between incoming frame and background buffer. Block-based processing is adopted to reduce computation and to alleviate noise effects. Skin-color detection is combined with spatial and temporal information to let the camera more likely to focus on human faces. Even more, the tracking algorithm can be integrated with region-of-interest video coding, which allocates more bits for human faces to produce better subject views. Many practical situations have been tested and the simulation results show that the proposed tracking algorithm is useful for surveillance systems.
Cell Surface Immunoglobulin. XXII. Reappearance of Surface IgM and IgD on Murine Splenocytes after Removal by Capping (1977)

Abstract The binding of polyvalent antigens or divalent anti-Ig antibody to antigen-specific receptors on B lymphocytes results in capping followed by shedding or endocytosis of the complexes (1). After the loss of surface Ig, adult lymphocytes reexpress their receptors (2–4), whereas neonatal cells appear to be permanently modulated (3, 4). Splenocytes from neonatal mice bear only IgM, whereas the vast majority of adult B cells express both IgM and IgD (5, 6). It is not known whether IgD and IgM on adult splenocytes are reexpressed at the same rate after capping. To investigate this question, we removed both IgM and IgD from splenocytes of adult mice and examined the reappearance of both isotypes at intervals after cell culture. The results demonstrate that both isotypes reappear on the cell surface at a similar rate. Materials and Methods. Antisera. The preparation and specificity of rabbit antimouse Ig (RAMIg),2 rabbit anti-µ (RAµ), and goat anti-rabbit Ig (GARIg) have been described previously (7).
Sequential Energy and Electron Transfer in an Artificial Reaction Center:  Formation of a Long-Lived Charge-Separated State (2000)

A novel molecular triad, representing an artificial reaction center, was synthesized via linking a fullerene moiety to an array of two porphyrins (i.e., a zinc tetraphenyl porphyrin (ZnP) and a free base tetraphenyl porphyrin (H2P)). In this ZnP−H2P−C60 triad, the ZnP performs as an antenna molecule, transferring its singlet excited state energy to the energetically lower lying H2P. In benzonitrile, this energy transfer (k = 1.5 × 1010 s-1) is followed by a sequential electron-transfer relay evolving from the generated singlet excited state of H2P to yield ZnP−H2P•+−C60•- and subsequently ZnP•+−H2P−C60•- with rate constants of 7.0 × 109 s-1 and 2.2 × 109 s-1, respectively. The final charge-separated state, formed in high yield (0.4), gives rise to a remarkable lifetime of 21 μs in deoxygenated benzonitrile and decays directly to the singlet ground state. In contrast, in nonpolar toluene solutions the deactivation of the porphyrin chromophores (ZnP and H2P) takes place via singlet−singlet energy transfer leading to the fullerene singlet excited state. This stems from the unfavorable free energy changes for an intramolecular electron-transfer event in toluene from the singlet excited state of H2P to the adjacent fullerene acceptor.
New Editors Appointed for <i>Water Resources Research</i> (2009)

Praveen Kumar (University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign), the newly appointed editor in chief of Water Resources Research (WRR), heads the new team of editors for the journal. The other editors are Tom Torgersen (University of Connecticut, Groton), who continues his editorship; Tissa Illangasekare (Colorado School of Mines, Golden); Graham Sander (Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK); and John Selker (Oregon State University, Corvallis).
High temperature friction and wear properties of graphene oxide/polytetrafluoroethylene composite coatings deposited on stainless steel (2016)

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating is known as a low friction material that is often used as a solid lubricant coating.