gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of Inhaled Heparin/N-acetylcystine in Inhalation Injury: Does it help? (2008)

Inhaled heparin/N-acetylcystine (AHA) has been reported to decrease mortality in children with inhalation injury. The use of AHA therapy in adult burn patients with inhalation injury has not been evaluated. We hypothesized that patients who received AHA therapy in the management of inhalation injury would have better pulmonary mechanics and better clinical outcomes than patients who did not. This study is a retrospective chart review of pulmonary mechanics and clinical outcomes in all inpatients identified in the institutional ABA/TRACS database as having sustained inhalation injury from 1999 to 2005. Patients were not assigned to a treatment group. One hundred and fifty patients with inhalation injury were identified. Sixty-two patients were treated with AHA during the first 72 hours of admission. Treatment occurred mostly in patients admitted after 2002, with only 18 patients receiving AHA from 1999 through 2002. Treated and untreated patients did not differ in age or TBSA burn injury, nor did any studied clinical outcome differ between treated and untreated groups. In addition, there was no difference in pulmonary findings at 1 week after injury between treated and untreated patients. Although best Pao2 was higher in treated patients during the first 72 hours, this was not a durable finding, and the best Pao2/Fio2 ratio was unaffected by treatment. Importantly, the use of AHA in adults with inhalation injury did not affect clinical outcomes. A prospective, randomized trial would be of benefit to delineate the clinical benefits of AHA treatment for inhalation injury.
Novel Regulation of Type IV Collagenase (Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and -2) Activities by Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines (1999)

The type IV collagenases/gelatinases matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 play a variety of important roles in both physiological and pathological processes and are regulated by various growth factors, including transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), in several cell types. Previous studies have suggested that cellular control of one or both collagenases can occur through direct transcriptional mechanisms and/or after secretion through proenzyme processing and interactions with metalloproteinase inhibitors. Using human prostate cancer cell lines, we have found that TGF-beta1 induces the MMP-9 proenzyme; however, this induction does not result from direct effects on gene transcription but, instead, through a protein synthesis-requiring process leading to increased MMP-9 mRNA stability. In addition, we have examined levels of TGF-beta1 regulation of MMP-2 in one prostate cancer cell line and found that TGF-beta1 induces higher secreted levels of this collagenase through increased stability of the secreted 72-kDa proenzyme. These results identify two novel nontranscriptional pathways for the cellular regulation of MMP-9 and MMP-2 collagenase gene expression and activities.
Glucose metabolism and insulin release in mouse beta HC9 cells, as model for wild-type pancreatic beta-cells (1996)

Glucose metabolism and its relationship with glucose-induced insulin release were studied in beta HC9 and beta TC3 cells to identify and characterize key factors controlling the intermediary metabolism of glucose and glucose-induced insulin release. The beta HC9 cell line, derived from pancreatic islets with beta-cell hyperplasia, is characterized by a normal concentration-dependency curve for glucose-stimulated insulin release, whereas the beta TC3 cell line, derived from pancreatic beta-cell tumors, shows a marked leftward shift of this curve. Maximum velocity and the Michaelis-Menten constant of glucose uptake in beta HC9 and beta TC3 cells were similar, even though GLUT-2 expression in these two cell lines differed. In both cell lines, the kinetic characteristics of glucose usage, glucose oxidation, and glucose-induced oxygen consumption were similar to those of glucose phosphorylation, indicating that the kinetics of glucose metabolism from the glucose phosphorylation step in the cytosol to the mitochondrial process of oxidative phosphorylation are determined by the glucose-phosphorylating enzyme, that is, by glucokinase in beta HC9 cells and by hexokinase in beta TC3 cells. Thus beta HC9 cells provide an opportunity for the quantitative analysis of glucose metabolism, the associated generation of coupling factors, and other essential beta-cell functions involved in glucose sensing and insulin secretion.
16-channel (1- to 16-GHz) microwave spectrum analyzer device based on a phased array of GaAs/AlGaAs electro-optic waveguide delay lines (1998)

We demonstrate a sixteen channel, GaAs/AlGaAs staring spectrum analyzer device based on a phased-array of sixteen electro-optic waveguide delay lines. The device is effectively a high resolution version of the widely reported optical wavelength division multiplexer phased-array devices, using electro-optic waveguides to adjust the optical phases across the array. The device comprises: a 1- to-16 way multimode interference coupler; 16 electro-optic phase controllers; 16 folded waveguide delay lines, from 0 to 1 nanosecond in equal steps; and a waveguide phased array output. By making use of novel waveguide and corner designs we demonstrate the device as a spectrum analyzer, the RF signal to be analyzed was superimposed on an optical carrier using a GaAs/AlGaAs electro-optic waveguide push-pull Mach Zehnder interferometer, and the intensity modulated light was then passed through the phased-array chip. The spectrum of the RF input signal was displayed in the far field of the phased-array as diffraction lines on either side of the main diffraction lines. By biasing the modulator to extinction, the CW carrier could be removed from the far field diffraction pattern so that only the RF spectrum was displayed. In this presentation we describe the device design, fabrication and testing including measurements of the dynamic range and resolution.
Evidence for the existence of ganglioside molecules in the antigen of <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> (1996)

Gangliosides were found to be present in Entamoeba histolytica. They were extracted from lyophilized trophozoites of the pathogenic strain HM-1:IMSS and purified by high performance thin-layer chromatography. Two resorcinol-positive bands, comigrating with GM2 and GD1a were demonstrated, revealing the existence of ganglioside molecules in Entamoeba histolytica. The GM2 content, determined as lipid-bound sialic acid, was 1.5 micrograms/10(8) amoebae, the content of the GD1a comigrating band was 0.32 microgram/10(8) amoebae. The identity of the GM2 comigrating band was confirmed by TLC immunostaining, using the monoclonal anti-GM2 antibody GMB28. Furthermore, six out of ten anti-amoeba positive sera selectively reacted with the GM2 comigrating band, as revealed by immunostaining on TLC plates. Absorption tests revealed that preincubation of anti-amoeba positive sera with standard GM2 was followed by a significant decrease in the reaction with amoeba trophozoites by indirect immunofluorescence. These results demonstrate that a GM2 comigrating component of Entamoeba histolytica may be one of the antigens responsible for the appearance of circulating antibodies in patients with amoebiasis.
Preparation and properties of alginate superabsorbent filament fibers crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (2000)

Superabsorbent filament fibers based on sodium alginate were prepared using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent. Alginate was extruded into an aqueous hydrochloric acid coagulation bath to form continuous alginic acid gel fibers via a wet-spinning method. The alginic acid gel fibers were dehydrated by exchanging water with dioxane, crosslinked, then neutralized for better absorbency. Crosslinked alginate filaments exhibited a high saline solution and synthetic urine absorbencies, maintaining the integrity of the fiber structure. Maximum synthetic urine absorbency was obtained with the fiber crosslinked at a lower glutaraldehyde concentration compared with that required for maximum saline solution absorbency. This appears to be due to the crosslinking effect of calcium ions in the synthetic urine solution being absorbed. Strain and tenacity of the crosslinked alginate fibers decreased with an increasing amount of glutaraldehyde used in the crosslinking reaction. The decrease in tenacity was not significant while the strain showed an extensive decrease. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 1797–1804, 2000
Optical Packet Switch with Partially Shared Buffers: Design Principles (2001)

We analyze the performance of an optical packet switch with partially shared buffers and we show that dimensioning of the switch predominantly depends on the number of packets that need to be buffered.
Radio frequency identification of Hurricane Katrina victims (2006)

There have been reports that the US Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Team and health officials in Mississipi's Harrison County have been implanting human cadavers with radio frequency identification (RFID) chips as part of the effort to speed up the identification process of Hurricane Katrina victims. Motivated by the interest generated by this report, this paper comments on the technology, applications, challenges, performance, and individual and societal implications of RFID
Electrochemical Detection of NADH, Cysteine, or Glutathione Using a Caffeic Acid Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode (2013)

Abstract A modified electrode was prepared using electrodeposition methods to immobilize caffeic acid (CAF) onto the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to create a polymer suitable for biosensor development. The polymer film coverage of the surface bound species was further optimized using electrodeposition methods, thus increasing the surface coverage to ca. 10 −9 mol cm −2 . Using cyclic voltammetry, the modified carbon electrode was used to facilitate and observe the electrocatalytic oxidation of coenzymes such as NADH, cysteine, and glutathione at different concentrations. A calibration curve was determined in each case within the concentration range; 300 nM to 10 mM, with the limits of detection ( LOD ) of 246 µM, 99 µM, 2.2 µM for NADH, cysteine, and glutathione respectively.
Telomerase Activity Reconstituted in Vitro with Purified Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase and Human Telomerase RNA Component (2000)

Telomerase is a specialized reverse transcriptase that catalyzes elongation of the telomeric tandem repeat, TTAGGG, by addition of this sequence to the ends of existing telomeres. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) has been identified as a catalytic enzyme involved in telomere elongation that requires telomerase RNA, human telomerase RNA component (hTR), as an RNA template. We established a new method to express and purify soluble insect-expressed recombinant hTERT. The partially purified FLAG-hTERT retained the catalytic activity of telomerase in a complementation assay in vitro to exhibit telomerase activity in telomerase-negative TIG3 cell extract and in a reconstitution assay with FLAG-hTERT and purified hTR in vitro. FLAG-hTERT (D712A) with a mutation in the VDV motif exhibited no telomerase activity, confirming the authentic catalytic activity of FLAG-hTERT. The reconstituted complex of FLAG-hTERT and hTR in vitro was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and its activity was stimulated by more than 30-fold by TIG3 cell extract. This suggested that some cellular component(s) in the extract facilitated the reconstituted telomerase activity in vitro. Geldanamycin had no effect on the reconstituted activity but partially reduced the stimulated activity of the reconstituted telomerase by the TIG3 cell extract, suggesting that Hsp90 may contribute to the stimulatory effect of the cellular components.
Software reliability-growth test and the software reliability-testing platform (2002)

Software users are interested in the MTTF value of software. The rules of /spl lambda/ Pareto diagrams are in general quite different from one software to another. We cannot get an analytical expression to describe the pattern of /spl lambda/ Pareto diagram and be generally suitable to all software. We have constructed a software reliability testing platform (SRTP) which can automatically produce random input points for software following the rule of the f(P). This platform will check the output. If a failure happens, the software will be examined and the defect will be removed, then the reliability of the software will be increased. If the time interval I of software reliability growth test (SRGT) is not quite long, the failure rates of defects appearing within one interval may have no significant differences. If we assume that these /spl lambda//sub i/s are mutually equal to each other we find that the later failure data are closely in compliance with the Duane model. Some authors point out that in some cases they achieve an unreasonable result: the total number of defects N estimated is much less than n (the number of defects appeared). Dr. Song proves that, N has at most n roots and there is only one root which lies between n-1 and /spl infin/ in practical cases. The numerical results of SRGT for a software tested by Dr. Gong and Prof. Zhou are taken as an example. Taking the "zero-failure test" as the verification test of software reliability, the zero-failure test time T needed is T=/spl theta//sub 1//C, where /spl theta//sub 1/ is the minimum acceptable MTTF value, C=-1/ln(1-/spl gamma/), and /spl gamma/ is the s-confidence level.
Electrochemically Controlled Thinning of Silicon (1970)

A method for precision thinning silicon integrated circuit slices has been developed whereby either n or p type regions may be selectively removed from material of opposite conductivity. The existence of a simple and economical means to attain precise thickness control permits more complete advantage to be taken of many silicon IC structures. For example, precise thickness control, together with anisotropic <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> etching of isolation/separation slots, is expected to permit economical fabrication of high component density, air-isolated monolithic <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> integrated circuits.
Diagnostic markers for neonatal sepsis (2006)

Serial measurements and use of combinations of markers have been reported to improve sensitivity and negative predictive value of these tests. Current markers are not infallible, however, and do not permit neonatologists to withhold antibiotics in sick infants with suspected infection. Thus, many have emerged as useful indicators for early discontinuation of unnecessary antimicrobial therapy. Some infection markers are also useful for identifying infants with severe infection and adverse prognosis. Advances in flow cytometry have allowed simultaneous measurement of key markers using only minimal blood volume. Judicious selection of a panel of markers with complementary properties could greatly increase the ability of neonatologists to diagnose infection and discern valuable prognostic information.
Cost-of-illness studies in heart failure: a systematic review 2004–2016 (2018)

Our review highlights the considerable and growing economic burden of heart failure on the health care systems. The cost-of-illness studies included in this review show large variations in methodology used and the cost results vary consequently. High quality data from cost-of-illness studies with a robust methodology applied can inform policy makers about the major cost drivers of heart failure and can be used as the basis of further economic evaluations.
A SUPPLEMENT TO THE REVISION OF AUSTRALIAN <i>PRISTOMYRMEX</i> SPECIES (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) (1968)

i Two new Pristomyrmex species are described from Mt. Lewis, N. Queensland, and Acacia Plateau, N.S.W. New distributional and biological data on several older species are presented.
The Pro-Th1 Cytokine IL-12 Enhances IL-4 Production by Invariant NKT Cells: Relevance for T Cell-Mediated Hepatitis (2007)

IL-12 is essential for invariant NKT (iNKT) cells because it can maintain a functionally active population and promote a cytokine profile that is assumed to be mainly of the pro-Th1 type. We used the murine concanavalin A (Con A)-induced hepatitis model, in which iNKT cells, IL-12, IL-4, and IFN-gamma are equally requisite, to reevaluate this issue. We demonstrate that IL-12 interacts directly with iNKT cells, contributes to their recruitment to the liver, and enhances their IL-4 production, which is essential for disease onset. IL-12-deficient mice were less susceptible to experimental hepatitis and their iNKT cells produced less IL-4 than their wild-type counterpart. A normal response could be restored by IL-12 injection, revealing its importance as endogenous mediator. In accordance with this observation, we found that iNKT cells expressed the IL-12R constitutively, in contrast to conventional T cells. Furthermore, the physiological relevance of our data is supported by the lower susceptibility to disease induction of NOD mice, known for their inherent functional and numerical abnormalities of iNKT cells associated with decreased iNKT cell-derived IL-4 production and low IL-12 secretion. Taken together, our findings provide the first evidence that IL-12 can enhance the immune response through increased IL-4 production by iNKT cells, underscoring once more the functional plasticity of this subset.
Stable room temperature deposited amorphous InGaZnO4 thin film transistors (2008)

Enhancement-mode amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (α-IGZO) channel thin film transistors (TFTs) with a 6μm gate length and a 100μm gate width were fabricated on glass substrates by rf magnetron sputtering near room temperature. The resistivities of the α-IGZO films were controlled from 10−1to103Ωcm by varying the deposition power of 75–300W. The n-type carrier concentration in the channel was 6.5×1017cm−3. The gate oxide was 90-nm-thick SiNx, deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition at 70°C. The bottom-gate TFTs had saturation mobility of ∼17cm2V−1s−1 and the drain current on-to-off ratio of ∼&gt;105, a subthreshold gate-voltage swing of ∼0.5Vdecade−1, and a threshold voltage of 2.1V. In the TFT with a gate length of 6μm and a gate width of 100μm, the relative change of saturation mobility and threshold voltage was less than ±1.5% after 500h aging time at room temperature. This demonstrates that α-IGZO films are promising semiconductor materials for long-term-stable transparent TFT applications.
A multiobjective gradient-based dose optimization algorithm for external beam conformal radiotherapy (2001)

A multiobjective gradient-based algorithm has been developed for the purpose of dose distribution optimization in external beam conformal radiotherapy. This algorithm is based on the concept of gathering the values of all objectives into a single value. The weighting factors of the composite objective values are varied in different steps, allowing the reconstruction of the trade-off surfaces (three or more objectives) or curves (two objectives) which define the boundary between the feasible and non-feasible domain regions. The analysis of these curves allows the decision-maker to select the solution that best fits the clinical goals. In contrast to all the other algorithms, our method provides not a single solution but a sample of solutions representing all possible clinical importance factors (weights) for the objectives used. The application of this algorithm to two test cases shows that a correct selection for the importance factors to multiply the individual objectives in the global objective value is not trivial and that the location and shape of the boundary region between the feasible and non-feasible solution regions are case dependent. Provided that the individual objective functions are analytically differentiable and that the number of objectives is the range of two to three, the computation times are acceptable for clinical use. Furthermore, the optimization for a unique combination of importance factors within the aggregate objective function is performed in less than 1 min.
Formation of porous layers on InSb(100) by anodization (2003)

The present work deals with anodization processes of n-type InSb(100). Preferential etching of InSb can be electrochemically initiated in HCl HBr and HF solutions. Except for etch features also the formation of porous layers can be observed. The resulting features were characterized by SEM and AES measurements. Due to the narrow bandgap of the material the results of the anodization process are neither sensitive to illumination of the n-type material nor to the doping level. The morphology of the attack depends strongly on the electrochemical conditions and the type of halogen acid present in the electrolyte. In HCl and HBr a black porous layer can be formed that is likely to consist to a certain extent of an antimony-oxo-chloride or antimony-oxo-bromide. In HF, however, polarization under a wide range of electrochemical conditions leads to a uniform etching of the InSb surface.
Selfsourcing personal tasks (2014)

Large tasks can be overwhelming. For example, many people have thousands of digital photographs that languish in unorganized archives because it is difficult and time consuming to gather them into meaningful collections. Such tasks are hard to start because they seem to require long uninterrupted periods of effort to make meaningful progress. We propose the idea of selfsourcing as a way to help people to perform large personal information tasks by breaking them into manageable microtasks. Using ideas from crowdsourcing and task management, selfsourcing can help people take advantage of existing gaps in time and recover quickly from interruptions. We present several achievable selfsourcing scenarios and explore how they can facilitate information work in interruption-driven environments.
Production of Cellulose from<scp>D</scp>-Arabitol by<i>Acetobacter xylinum</i>KU-1 (1995)

Journal Article Production of Cellulose from D-Arabitol by Acetobacter xylinum KU-1 Get access Tadao Oikawa, Tadao Oikawa Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Takafumi Morino, Takafumi Morino Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Minoru Ameyama Minoru Ameyama Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, Volume 59, Issue 8, 1 January 1995, Pages 1564–1565, https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.59.1564 Published: 01 January 1995 Article history Received: 28 November 1994 Published: 01 January 1995
Red upconversion Yb-sensitised Pr fluoride fibre laser pumped in 0.8 μm region (1991)

Room temperature upconversion lasing has been obtained at 635 nm in Yb : Pr codoped fluoride fibre pumped in the 0.8μm region. Yb3+ is excited by ground state absorption and transfers energy to the 1G4 level of Pr3+, which is then brought into the 3P0 level by excited state absorption. Extracted powers in excess of 20 mW at 635 nm and a slope efficiency of 10% were observed for 840–850 nm.