gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HIGHLY EFFICIENT TITANIUM OXIDE–BASED PHOTOFUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2005)

▪ Abstract Recent research trends of the preparation and characterization of highly efficient titanium oxide–based photocatalysts are reviewed on the basis of studies done in our laboratory. Special attention is focused on the preparation and characterization of active sites of highly dispersed titanium oxide species within mesoporous matrices and on titanium oxide–based binary catalysts such as Ti/Si and Ti/B oxides and unique visible light-responsive second-generation TiO 2 photocatalysts prepared by an advanced metal-ion-implantation and RF magnetron sputtering deposition method. Highly dispersed titanium oxide species within mesoporous frameworks and titanium oxide–based binary catalysts exhibit high and unique photocatalytic activities for various reactions, such as the direct decomposition of NO x . These species also have photo-induced superhydrophiric properties. It is of significance that visible light-responsive TiO 2 photocatalysts can be applied to the decomposition of NO x in air and the degradation of pollutants in water, as well as to the splitting of water under UV and visible light irradiation.
Increased Sensitivity of the Antiestrogen-Resistant MCF-7/LY2 Human Breast Carcinoma Cell Line to Apoptosis Induced by the Novel Microtubule Stabilizing Agent (+)-Discodermolide (1998)

Abstract: (+)-Discodermolide is a sponge-derived natural product with the most potent microtubule stabilizing activity yet discovered. Its actions parallel that of the promising antibreast cancer agent paclitaxel despite the lack of any apparent similarities in the drugs' structures. To complement our previous studies on human breast cancer cells, we compared the effects of the two drugs against the estrogen receptor positive but tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7/LY2 line. Growth inhibition, cell, and nuclear morphological, electrophoretic, and flow cytometric analyses were performed. (+)-Discodermolide potently inhibited the growth of the cells (e.g., 48-hours IC50 of 1.5 nM) at concentrations similar to those observed with paclitaxel, and somewhat lower than the values observed previously with estrogen responsive MCF-7 cells and estrogen nonresponsive MDA-MB231 cells. (+)-Discodermolide-treated MCF-7/LY2 cells had condensed and highly fragmented nuclei, as well as micronuclei, suggesting mitotic block and the induction of apoptosis. Flow cytometric comparison of cells treated with either drug at 10 nM showed both caused accumulation into the G2/M portion of the cell cycle as well as induction of a pronounced hypodiploid cell population, with (+)-discodermolide yielding a greater effect. The timing and type of high molecular weight DNA fragmentation induced by the two agents was fully consistent with induction of apoptosis, again with (+)-discodermolide showing an advantage over paclitaxel in this regard. More extensive DNA fragmentation was noted in MCF-7/LY2 than has been observed in MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 cells. These in vitro results, coupled with those obtained previously, suggest that (+)-discodermolide might have promise as a new chemotherpeutic agent against breast cancers. In addition, its novel and synthetically approachable structure make (+)-discodermolide a promising lead compound for design and discovery of new microtubule stabilizing agents as alternatives to taxoids.
Ni‐free Zr–Cu–Al–Nb–Pd bulk metallic glasses with different Zr/Cu ratios for biomedical applications (2012)

Zr-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) possess attractive properties for prospective biomedical applications. The present study designs Ni-free Zr-Cu-Al-Nb-Pd BMGs and investigates their in vitro biocompatibility by studying mechanical properties, bio-corrosion resistance, and cellular responses. The Ti-6Al-4V alloy is used as a reference material. It is found that the Zr-based BMGs exhibit good mechanical properties, including high strengths above 1600 MPa, high hardness over 4700 MPa, and low elastic moduli of 85-90 GPa. The Zr-based BMGs are corrosion resistant in a simulated body environment, as revealed by wide passive regions, low passive current densities, and high pitting overpotentials. The formation of ZrO(2)-rich surface passive films of the Zr-based BMGs contributes to their high corrosion resistance, whereas their pitting corrosion in the phosphate buffered saline solution can be attributed to the sensitivity of the ZrO(2) films to the chloride ion. The general biosafety of the Zr-based BMGs is revealed by normal cell adhesions and cell morphologies. Moreover, the Zr/Cu content ratio in the alloy composition affects the biocompatibility of the Zr-based BMGs, by increasing their corrosion resistance and surface wettability with the increase of the Zr/Cu ratio. Effects of Zr/Cu ratios can be used to guide the future design of biocompatible Zr-based BMGs.
REVIEWS (1950)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access William Mason: A Study in Eighteenth-Century Culture. By JOHN W. DRAPER, The New York University Press. 1924. Pp. xvi. + 397. $6.50. EDITH J. MORLEY EDITH J. MORLEY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of English Studies, Volume I, Issue 4, October 1950, Pages 497–498, https://doi.org/10.1093/res/I.4.497 Published: 01 October 1950
Characteristics of hydrogenated aluminum nitride films prepared by radio frequency reactive sputtering and their application to surface acoustic wave devices (1997)

Hydrogenated aluminum nitride (AlN:H) films have been deposited on silicon wafers by the rf reactive magnetron sputtering method with H2 gas addition to Ar-N2 gas mixture. The changes of physical properties of AlN:H films with different H2 gas addition have been examined by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters with wavelength of 60 μm using these films have been fabricated and their SAW velocities and electromechanical coupling coefficients have also been measured by a network analyzer. It is found that as the amount of H2 addition increases, the surface of film becomes smooth, the stress is relieved, the concentration of nitrogen atom increases and that of oxygen atom decreases. We also found that AlN/AlN:H/AlN tri-layered films can prevent the blistering phenomena of AlN:H film. By measuring SAW characteristics of AlN/AlN:H/AlN tri-layered films, the SAW velocity is calculated to be 5280 m/s and electromechanical coupling coefficient is 1.35% which is the highest value reported so far.
Synthesis and structural analysis of dehydrophenylalanine cyclophanes (2002)

The syntheses and structures of three cyclophanes containing two (Z)-dehydrophenylalanine residues are reported; the length of the tethers between the two amino acid residues is easily altered and changing this parameter has a significant effect on the solid state structures of the cyclophanes.
Robust superhydrophobic polyurethane sponge as a highly reusable oil-absorption material (2013)

The fabrication of robust superhydrophobic 3D porous materials is of great importance for both academic research and industrial applications. The main challenge is the poor adhesion between porous substrates and superhydrophobic coatings. In this study, a robust superhydrophobic polysiloxane layer was coated onto the surface of 3D porous polyurethane sponges through a one-step solution immersion method. The durability of the resulting sponges was investigated by repeated mechanical compressions, ultrasonication in polar solvents, and strong acid/alkali attacks. Results revealed that the superhydrophobic sponges showed excellent elasticity, high mechanical durability and good chemical stability. By combining the special wettability and high porosity, the sponges exhibited high oil-absorption capacity and high selectivity when they were employed as absorptive materials for cleaning oils on the water surface. More importantly, the superhydrophobic sponges could be reused for oil–water separation for more than 300 cycles without losing their superhydrophobicity, exhibiting the highest reusability and durability among the reported counterparts. Therefore, the present study offers a simple and low-cost strategy for large-scale fabrication of robust superhydrophobic 3D porous materials that might be applied to the cleanup of oil spills on the water surface.
Problems related to the interpretation of autoradiographic data on gene expression using common constitutive transcripts as controls (1993)

The 28S rRNA, a ribosomal RNA, and the ACTB and GAPD mRNAs, coding respectively for beta-actin and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), are frequently presented as controls of modulated gene expression. These transcripts were quantified by replicate slot-blot autoradiography and image analysis in mammary epithelial cells and fibroblasts from breast tissues. Each cell-type group comprised strains with different pathological backgrounds, growth rates, antigenic phenotypes and culture histories. The effects of a differentiating agent (cholera toxin) and/or a tumor promoter (12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate) were also examined. Despite the impression that visual examination of autoradiographs might create, image analysis suggests that 28S rRNA, ACTB and GAPD are substantially and independently influenced by the above biological factors and by the drugs. Therefore, these transcripts represent specifically regulated cellular activities and may not be taken as alternative indicators of the overall transcription rate or of the amount of material being examined. Instead, such nonspecific variation may be accurately measured and removed from quantitative data using a principal component function. A methodology that allows comparison of expression (or amplification) patterns between genes, between experiments or, even, between laboratories is presented with an example of quantification of transcripts related to cell-growth, differentiation, signaling and cancer.
Bacterial Communications in Implant Infections: A Target for an Intelligence War (2007)

The status of population density is communicated among bacteria by specific secreted molecules, called pheromones or autoinducers, and the control mechanism is called ""quorum-sensing"". Quorum-sensing systems regulate the expression of a panel of genes, allowing bacteria to adapt to modified environmental conditions at a high density of population. The two known different quorum systems are described as the LuxR-LuxI system in gram-negative bacteria, which uses an N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) as signal, and the agr system in gram-positive bacteria, which uses a peptide-tiolactone as signal and the RNAIII as effector molecules. Both in gram-negative and in gram-positive bacteria, quorum-sensing systems regulate the expression of adhesion mechanisms (biofilm and adhesins) and virulence factors (toxins and exoenzymes) depending on population cell density. In gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, analogs of signaling molecules such as furanone analogs, are effective in attenuating bacterial virulence and controlling bacterial infections. In grampositive Staphylococcus aureus, the quorum-sensing RNAIII-inhibiting peptide (RIP), tested in vitro and in animal infection models, has been proved to inhibit virulence and prevent infections. Attenuation of bacterial virulence by quorum-sensing inhibitors, rather than by bactericidal or bacteriostatic drugs, is a highly attractive concept because these antibacterial agents are less likely to induce the development of bacterial resistance.
The transition state for peptide bond formation reveals the ribosome as a water trap (2010)

Recent progress in elucidating the peptide bond formation process on the ribosome has led to notion of a proton shuttle mechanism where the 2'-hydroxyl group of the P-site tRNA plays a key role in mediating proton transfer between the nucleophile and leaving group, whereas ribosomal groups do not actively participate in the reaction. Despite these advances, the detailed nature of the transition state for peptidyl transfer and the role of several trapped water molecules in the peptidyl transferase center remain major open questions. Here, we employ high-level quantum chemical ab initio calculations to locate and characterize global transition states for the reaction, described by a molecular model encompassing all the key elements of the reaction center. The calculated activation enthalpy as well as structures are in excellent agreement with experimental data and point to feasibility of an eight-membered "double proton shuttle" mechanism in which an auxiliary water molecule, observed both in computer simulations and crystal structures, actively participates. A second conserved water molecule is found to be of key importance for stabilizing developing negative charge on the substrate oxyanion and its presence is catalytically favorable both in terms of activation enthalpy and entropy. Transition states calculated both for six- and eight-membered mechanisms are invariably late and do not involve significant charge development on the attacking amino group. Predicted kinetic isotope effects consistent with this picture are similar to those observed for uncatalyzed ester aminolysis reactions in solution.
Gas permeation in a dry Nafion membrane (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGas permeation in a dry Nafion membraneJeffrey S. Chiou and Donald R. PaulCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27, 11, 2161–2164Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00083a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00083a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1913Altmetric-Citations133LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Growth inhibition of glioblastoma cells by human Purα (2001)

Pur(alpha) is a multifunctional DNA- and RNA-binding protein implicated in a variety of biological events including transcription and replication. Further, this protein has the ability to form a complex with several cellular proteins which are important for cell proliferation including the transcription factor, E2F-1. Pur(alpha) has a modular structure highlighted by alternating three basic aromatic class I and two acidic leucine-rich class II repeats in the central region of the protein. Here, we demonstrate that ectopic overexpression of Pur(alpha) suppresses proliferation of a variety of transformed and tumor cells including human glioblastoma. By utilizing various deletion mutants of Pur(alpha) in colony formation assay, we identified the region spanning the first class II repeat (residues 107-131) and the second class I repeat (residues 148-170) of Pur(alpha) which participate in growth inhibitory action of Pur(alpha). Results from protein transduction experiments using the synthetic peptides representing residues 109-131 and 123-154 of Pur(alpha) in fusion with the arginine rich domain of HIV-1 Tat revealed cellular internalization and nuclear appearance of the Tat-Pur(alpha) fusion peptide after 2 h and its detection in nuclei up to 24 h after treatment. Glioblastoma cells treated with Tat-Pur(alpha) (109-131) and Tat-Pur(alpha) (123-154) exhibited 41 and 47% decrease, respectively, in proliferation. Altogether these results illustrate the efficacy of Pur(alpha) in suppressing glioblastoma cell growth and provide evidence for the potential use of this protein and its derivative(s) in blocking proliferation of tumor cells.
Cyclopentadienyl(triphenylphosphine)ethylenerodium and related compounds (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclopentadienyl(triphenylphosphine)ethylenerodium and related compoundsW. A. G. Graham and A. J. OliverCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1971, 10, 6, 1165–1169Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50100a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50100a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Elimination of broad-host range plasmid vectors in<i>Escherichia coli</i>by curring agents (1991)

A comparative study was made of the susceptibility of broad-host range vector plasmids belonging to Inc P1 and Q groups in Escherichia coli to various curing agents. Plumbagin and SDS eliminated RP4 (Inc P1 group) plasmid whereas pKT231 (Inc Q) and pRK2013 (having ColE1 replicon) were eliminated by hexamine ruthenium (III) chloride, alpha-santonin, coumermycin A1 and cis-dichloro diamine platinum (II). The curing activity of these agents was specific.
Staphylococcal Infection, Antibiotic Resistance and Therapeutics (2012)

Staphylococci have a special relationship with the eye. On one hand, almost all species of staphylococci may be present in the lid margins or conjunctiva as normal commensals without causing disease and on the other hand, they may cause severe eye infections which may result in irreversible blindness. Colonization by resident bacteria on the ocular surface can provide a defense by inhibiting the growth of virulent bacterial strains However, in cases of trauma, or alteration of ocular tissue, indigenous flora may cause significant external and internal ocular infection In previous studies, native ocular flora has been shown to be predominantly Staphylococcus species While normal ocular flora has been well established in the developed world, there have been very few publications from rest of the world. In a study of the normal conjunctiva from Rajasthan, India, 86% of eyes were culture positive for bacteria and 12% positive for fungi. The most common bacterial isolates were S. albus (32%) followed by S. aureus (28%) (Tomar et al., 1971). In another study from Masungbo, Sierra Leone where analysis of conjunctival swabs obtained from healthy eyes of 276 residents showed presence of coagulase-negative staphylococci (28.6%), fungus (26.0%) and S. aureus (19.9%) Many studies have not speciated the staphylococci from normal lids and conjunctiva, however, S. epidermidis is reported to be the most common species
A Novel And Efficient Packaging Technology For RF-MEMS Devices (2007)

RF MEMS technology shows great promise for wireless communication and other RF applications. However, the packaging of RF MEMS devices becomes one of the most important issues in MEMS device fabrication and presents challenges due to the unique requirements. Special precautions are not only required to allow assembly processes after releasing the delicate structures but also to ensure the structures to operate in a stable atmosphere during its entire lifetime. These requirements come on top of the other well-known requirements for cell phone components: cost, size and height. NXP Semiconductors has developed an efficient packaging technology for RF-MEMS devices in close cooperation with the Fraunhofer Institute in Itzehoe (ISiT). This paper presents a summary of several major aspects of our development activities in order to generate this new packaging technology.
Algorithms for the nonuniform acquisition and subsequent reconstruction of data (2003)

Algorithms are presented for the purposes of nonuniform sampling and reconstruction of data. The sampling procedure is based on the Adams-Bashforth-Moulton multistep predictor-corrector method for the solution of ordinary differential equations, with Newton backward differencing interpolation formulae facilitating sample rate changes. It is necessary to store 2n + 1 equispaced past values of t and the corresponding values of y, where y = g(t), and n is the order of the Adams methods. The technique is demonstrated using third order methods and the results compared with those obtained using second and fourth order forms. The data reconstruction algorithm for unevenly spaced data is based on a Lagrange cubic polynomial.
Covalent Insertion of Antioxidant Molecules on Chitosan by a Free Radical Grafting Procedure (2009)

In this work, the synthesis of gallic acid-chitosan and catechin-chitosan conjugates was carried out by adopting a free radical-induced grafting procedure. For this purpose, an ascorbic acid/hydrogen peroxide redox pair was employed as radical initiator. The formation of covalent bonds between antioxidant and biopolymer was verified by performing UV, FT-IR, and DSC analyses, whereas the antioxidant properties of chitosan conjugates were compared with that of a blank chitosan, treated in the same conditions but in the absence of antioxidant molecules. The good antioxidant activity shown by functionalized materials proved the efficiency of the reaction method.
SOCIAL NETWORKS, HOST RESISTANCE, AND MORTALITY: A NINE-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY RESIDENTS (1979)

The relationship between social and community ties and mortality was assessed using the 1965 Human Population Laboratory survey of a random sample of 6928 adults in Alameda County, California and a subsequent nine-year mortality follow-up. The findings show that people who lacked social and community ties were more likely to die in the follow-up period than those with more extensive contacts. The age-adjusted relative risks for those most isolated when compared to those with the most social contacts were 2.3 for men and 2.8 for women. The association between social ties and mortality was found to be independent of self-reported physical health status at the time of the 1965 survey, year of death, socioeconomic status, and health practices such as smoking, alcoholic beverage consumption, obesity, physical activity, and utilization of preventive health services as well as a cumulative index of health practices.