gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Air, Surface Environmental, and Personal Protective Equipment Contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) From a Symptomatic Patient (2020)

This study documents results of SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of environmental surfaces and personal protective equipment surrounding 3 COVID-19 patients in isolation rooms in a Singapore hospital.
Heat Transfer in the Entrance Region of a Straight Channel: Laminar Flow With Uniform Wall Heat Flux (1977)

Technical Briefs Heat Transfer in the Entrance Region of a Straight Channel: Laminar Flow With Uniform Wall Heat Flux M. S. Bhatti, M. S. Bhatti Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp., Granville, Ohio Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C. W. Savery C. W. Savery Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pa. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and Article Information M. S. Bhatti Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp., Granville, Ohio C. W. Savery Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pa. J. Heat Transfer. Feb 1977, 99(1): 142-144 (3 pages) https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3450640 Published Online: February 1, 1977 Article history Received: August 19, 1976 Online: August 11, 2010
Central Nervous System Delivery and Biodistribution Analysis of an Antibody–Enzyme Fusion for the Treatment of Lafora Disease (2019)

Lafora disease (LD) is a fatal juvenile epilepsy characterized by the accumulation of aberrant glucan aggregates called Lafora bodies (LBs). Delivery of protein-based therapeutics to the central nervous system (CNS) for the clearance of LBs remains a unique challenge in the field. Recently, a humanized antigen-binding fragment (hFab) derived from a murine systemic lupus erythematosus DNA autoantibody (3E10) has been shown to mediate cell penetration and proposed as a broadly applicable carrier to mediate cellular targeting and uptake. We report studies on the efficacy and CNS delivery of VAL-0417, an antibody-enzyme fusion composed of the 3E10 hFab and human pancreatic α-amylase, in a mouse model of LD. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been developed to detect VAL-0417 post-treatment as a measure of delivery efficacy. We demonstrate the robust and sensitive detection of the fusion protein in multiple tissue types. Using this method, we measured biodistribution in different methods of delivery. We found that intracerebroventricular administration provided robust CNS delivery when compared to intrathecal administration. These data define critical steps in the translational pipeline of VAL-0417 for the treatment of LD.
OWL-T: An Ontology-based Task Template Language for Modeling Business Processes (2007)

With the growth of business demands, it becomes crucial to compose existing services in order to create new value added applications. Some languages like BPEL, WSCI enable creating complex composite services but they only allow static, manual composition. Basing on semantic technologies, many researchers have proposed (semi-)automatic methods for service composition, which often rely on a close world assumption and are not scalable for complex systems. In essence, these approaches lack a means for users expressing their complex business demands in a form that facilitates systems automatically generating a composite service. In this paper, we introduce our approach to provide an ontology/language based on the OWL, called OWL-T, for formally and semantically defining task templates that capture business demands at a high-level abstraction. Therefore, with a complex business demand expressed in terms of structured tasks, users need not to care about technical details of composition languages and an automatic composition method can be used to transform task templates into executable processes. In addition, based on semantic technologies, the OWL-T ontology also enhances the interoperability for better sharing and reuse of task templates in various domains of discourse.
Large scale author name disambiguation in digital libraries (2014)

Person name disambiguation is essential to distinguish between persons that share the same name where unique identifiers are not present. In many domains this is a common problem including digital libraries where the same name can refer to multiple unique authors. Correctly attributing work and citations requires the digital library's database to be disambiguated. In this work we describe a large scale framework for disambiguating author names efficiently and effectively. The framework uses a density based clustering algorithm with a random forest based distance function to clusters unique authors. Effective use of blocking functions allows the clustering algorithm to be run in parallel. In our experiments we show that the framework disambiguates authors of more than 4 million papers in 24 hours.
Specificity of kidney-bound antibodies in Goodpasture's syndrome. (1989)

The specificity of kidney-bound antibodies in Goodpasture's syndrome was studied and compared with the specificity of circulating anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies. Antibodies were eluted from kidneys of two patients with Goodpasture's syndrome and from one normal human kidney. Their specificity was studied by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, ELISA and immunoblotting using purified GBM components as antigens. It was shown that the reactivity of the eluted antibodies was very similar to those of the circulating anti-GBM antibodies. Both showed major reactivity against the M2 subunit of the globular domain of collagen IV. Competitive inhibition of the binding of 125I-labelled serum antibodies from a patient with Goodpasture's syndrome to the Goodpasture antigen by the eluted antibodies and those from their respective sera further supported that the circulating and the kidney-bound anti-GBM antibodies have similar specificity. These observations extend the support to the clinical usage of plasmapheresis and more recently, immunoadsorption using staphylococcal protein A as the effective therapeutic measure for the removal of circulating anti-GBM antibodies in the management of Goodpasture's syndrome.
Dialect and Special-Interest Domains: Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Collecting a Medical Lexicon (1992)

At the same time, and often unbeknownst to those who read their final survey reports, field-workers often struggle with the determination of where a dialect form ends and where some other special category of language use begins. In the real world of language variation, the boundaries between DIALECT and JARGON, ARGOT, SLANG, STYLE, and so forth, are not nearly as neat as they are made out to be in our extrapolated dialect descriptions. In many cases, the discreteness imputed to these sociolinguistic categories of language variation does not derive from the data itself but from an arbitrary decision on the part of the analyst to present uncontaminated dialect data. In reality, there is considerable overlap and indeterminacy among these categories of language variation. The collection of dialect data in particular topical domains (realizing that the domains themselves cannot be rigorously defined) is further constrained by cultural values and conventions. Not all things can be talked
Di‐<i>tert</i>‐butylhydroxylated flavonoids protect endothelial cells against oxidized LDL‐induced cytotoxicity (2001)

The protective effect of di-tert-butylhydroxylated flavonoids (chalcones and arylidenes) against minimally oxidized LDL (mO-LDL)-induced cytotoxicity was studied in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. Most of the tested compounds decreased aldehydes formation in medium containing mO-LDL, but their capacity to inhibit LDL oxidation in the cellular medium was not sufficient to totally reduce the cellular toxicity of mO-LDL. Most of the tested flavonoids improved the integrity of cells exposed to mO-LDL, whereas butylated hydroxytoluene was ineffective and quercetin worsened the toxicity of mO-LDL. Moreover these flavonoids induced an increase in GSH cellular levels and their protective effects might be because of their inability to reduce metal ion. Arylidene 6 substituted at position 7 by a hydroxyl group was the most potent compound.
Overexpression of wild-type androgen receptor in muscle recapitulates polyglutamine disease (2007)

We created transgenic mice that overexpress WT androgen receptor (AR) exclusively in their skeletal muscle fibers. Unexpectedly, these mice display androgen-dependent muscle weakness and early death, show changes in muscle morphology and gene expression consistent with neurogenic atrophy, and exhibit a loss of motor axons. These features reproduce those seen in models of Kennedy disease, a polyglutamine expansion disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the AR gene. These findings demonstrate that toxicity in skeletal muscles is sufficient to cause motoneuron disease and indicate that overexpression of the WT AR can exert toxicity comparable with the polyglutamine expanded protein. This model has two clear implications for Kennedy disease: (i) mechanisms affecting AR gene expression may cause neuromuscular symptoms similar to those of Kennedy disease and (ii) therapeutic approaches targeting skeletal muscle may provide effective treatments for this disease.
Das 2-Oxazolinsystem als Schutzgruppe für die sterisch gehinderte Carboxylfunktion bei Grignard-Reaktionen: Synthese phosphororganischer Verbindungen mit einem o-Carboxyphenylrest / The 2-Oxazoline System as a Protecting Group for the Sterically Hindered Carboxyl Function in Grignard-Reactions: The Synthesis of Organophosphorus Compounds with an o-Carboxyphenyl Rest (1977)

Abstract The efficiency of the 2-oxazoline system as a protecting group for the sterically hindered carboxyl function is demonstrated in the case of Grignard-reactions of certain organophosphorus compounds. Thereby, organophosphorus species with an o-carboxyphenyl group are easily accessible. Additionally, the enantiomer separation of an unsymmetrically substituted tertiary phosphine oxide with an o-carboxyphenyl group is described.
Separation of the Components in Black Tea Infusion by Chromatography on Toyopearl® (1982)

Journal Article Separation of the Components in Black Tea Infusion by Chromatography on Toyopearl® Get access Tetsuo Ozawa Tetsuo Ozawa Institute of Applied Biochemistry, The University of Tsukuba, Sakura-mura, Niihari-gun, Ibaraki 305, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 46, Issue 4, 1 April 1982, Pages 1079–1081, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1982.10865200 Published: 01 April 1982 Article history Received: 10 September 1981 Published: 01 April 1982
Safety of orogastric tubes in foregut and bariatric surgery (2018)

The complication rates between the traditional bougie and novel devices vary in number and severity, with the GastriSail™ having the highest reported complication rate. Despite rigorous testing for FDA approval, ongoing research into performance of new medical devices in the general population remains important.
Control and manipulation of the phosphodolichol pathway of protein<i>N</i>-glycosylation (1982)

Review Article| April 01 1982 Control and manipulation of the phosphodolichol pathway of protein N-glycosylation: Review F. W. Hemming F. W. Hemming 1Department of Biochemistry, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biosci Rep (1982) 2 (4): 203–221. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01136719 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation F. W. Hemming; Control and manipulation of the phosphodolichol pathway of protein N-glycosylation: Review. Biosci Rep 1 April 1982; 2 (4): 203–221. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01136719 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBioscience Reports Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1982 The Biochemical Society1982 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Bose-Einstein Condensation of Excitons (1962)

This note discusses the question as to whether quasi-particles, such as excitons, i.e., nonlocalized excited states of solids, can fulfill necessary conditions for a Bose-Einstein condensation, and whether such condensation can be observed. Although uncertainties of present data on excitons preclude precise numerical predictions, it is concluded that under certain experimentally attainable circumstances excitons fulfill the necessary conditions, i.e., condensation is possible. Ways of detecting the condensation are considered, and a specific experiment is proposed.
A new thin film head which doubles the flux through the coil (1993)

An inductive thin film head which doubles the effective number of turns by weaving the yoke through the coil twice is discussed. The process for producing the head is identical to that of a conventional thin film head with the same number of actual coil layers. This approach results in a head that achieves a large number of effective turns with low resistance, inductance, and process complexity. The large number of turns is beneficial to small diameter drives with low velocity. The low inductance per effective turn squared is a benefit in high frequency applications that are resonance limited. The low resistance per effective turn squared produces low noise in all applications. A version of this head with 23 actual turns on a two layer spiral coil has been produced in volume. Its signal to noise exceeds that of equivalent two and three coil layer conventional thin film heads.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Feature Selection Using a Piecewise Linear Network (2006)

We present an efficient feature selection algorithm for the general regression problem, which utilizes a piecewise linear orthonormal least squares (OLS) procedure. The algorithm 1) determines an appropriate piecewise linear network (PLN) model for the given data set, 2) applies the OLS procedure to the PLN model, and 3) searches for useful feature subsets using a floating search algorithm. The floating search prevents the "nesting effect." The proposed algorithm is computationally very efficient because only one data pass is required. Several examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Two-Faced Reactivity of Alkenes:  <i>cis</i>- versus <i>trans-</i>Aminopalladation in Aerobic Pd-Catalyzed Intramolecular Aza-Wacker Reactions (2007)

A number of different PdII catalyst systems have been reported recently for the Wacker-type aerobic oxidative cyclization of alkenes bearing tethered nitrogen nucleophiles. This study examines the stereochemistry of the aminopalladation step with five different catalyst systems: Pd(OAc)2/DMSO (A), PdX2/pyridine [X = OAc (B), O2CCF3 (C)], Pd(IMes)(O2CCF3)2(OH2) (D), and Pd(O2CCF3)2/(-)-sparteine (E). Use of a stereospecifically deuterated cyclopentene substrate reveals that four of the five catalyst systems (A, B, C, and E) promote exclusive cis-aminopalladation of the alkene, whereas both cis- and trans-aminopalladation occur with the N-heterocyclic-carbene (NHC) catalyst system. If stoichiometric Brønsted base (NaOAc, Na2CO3) is added to the latter reaction conditions, however, only cis-aminopalladation is observed. The identity of the nitrogen nucleophile also affects the aminopalladation pathway, with results ranging from exclusively cis- to exclusively trans-aminopalladation. These results have important implications for ongoing efforts to develop enantioselective methods for Pd-catalyzed oxidative amination of alkenes.
Comparison of angle decomposition methods for wave-equation migration (2013)

Angle domain common image gathers offer advantages for subsurface image analysis in complex media. We compare two angle decomposition methods using extended images and wave propagation directions based on Poynting vectors of the source and receiver wavefields. We evaluate the ability of each method to produce accurate and efficient angle gathers for wave-equation migration in the presence of multi-arrivals and in the subsalt environment. Both methods are characterized by features that make them attractive in different situations.
Rapid Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Types 1 and 2 by Use of an Improved Piezoelectric Biosensor (2013)

Disasters can create situations in which blood donations can save lives. However, in emergency situations and when resources are depleted, on-site blood donations require the rapid and accurate detection of blood-borne pathogens, including human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2). Techniques such as PCR and antibody capture by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for HIV-1 and HIV-2 are precise but time-consuming and require sophisticated equipment that is not compatible with emergency point-of-care requirements. We describe here a prototype biosensor based on piezoelectric materials functionalized with specific antibodies against HIV-1 and HIV-2. We show the rapid and accurate detection of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in both simple and complex solutions, including human serum, and in the presence of a cross-confounding virus. We report detection limits of 12 50% tissue culture infective doses (TCID50s) for HIV-1 and 87 TCID50s for HIV-2. The accuracy, precision of measurements, and operation of the prototype biosensor compared favorably to those for nucleic acid amplification. We conclude that the biosensor has significant promise as a successful point-of-care diagnostic device for use in emergency field applications requiring rapid and reliable testing for blood-borne pathogens.
Acceleration of Detailed Chemical Kinetics Using Multi-zone Modeling for CFD in Internal Combustion Engine Simulations (2012)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Detailed chemical kinetics, although preferred due to increased accuracy, can significantly slow down CFD combustion simulations. Chemistry solutions are typically the most computationally costly step in engine simulations. The calculation time can be significantly accelerated using a multi-zone combustion model. The multi-zone model is integrated into the CONVERGE CFD code. At each time-step, the CFD cells are grouped into zones based on the cell temperature and equivalence ratio. The chemistry solver is invoked only on each zone. The zonal temperature and mass fractions are remapped onto the CFD cells, such that the temperature and composition non-uniformities are preserved. Two remapping techniques published in the literature are compared for their relative performance. The accuracy and speed-up of the multi-zone model is improved by using variable bin sizes at different temperature and equivalence ratios. In addition, a general n-dimensional zoning strategy is developed to include other cell variables such as pressure, mass fractions of different species, etc. to improve the performance of the zoning strategy. This paper discusses the savings in computational time achieved and the accuracy of the results using the multi-zone model for a range of scenarios. Gasoline and Diesel engine simulations are performed. Test cases are run for single fuel and multi-component fuels. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) scenarios are also tested.</div></div>
Cardioprotective actions of thromboxane receptor antagonism in ischemic atherosclerotic rabbits (1988)

Atherosclerosis was induced in New Zealand White rabbits by feeding them a 0.5% cholesterol-enriched rabbit chow for 10-12 wk. Half of the cholesterol-fed rabbits were given BM 13505, a specific thromboxane A2/endoperoxide (TxA2/PGH2) receptor antagonist, and the other half were given its vehicle (i.e., 2% Na2CO3). At the end of 10-12 wk, the rabbits underwent experimental myocardial ischemia or an identical sham operation, except that the coronary artery was not occluded. BM 13505 was shown to protect the ischemic rabbit myocardium by three different methods: 1) maintenance of myocardial tissue creatine kinase (CK) activity in the ischemic myocardium; 2) reduced loss of free amino nitrogen-containing compounds from the myocardium; and 3) blunting the rise of plasma CK activity. Part of the mechanism for these effects may be due to inhibition of platelet aggregation and blockade of the vasoconstrictor effect of TxA2. However, these protective effects were not due to differences in myocardial oxygen demand among the groups. Finally, BM 13505 exhibited an antiatherogenic effect by reducing the deposition of cholesterol in the aortic wall and by retarding plaque formation in coronary arteries. However, it does not achieve this antiatherogenic effect by lowering plasma cholesterol concentrations or by scavenging superoxide free radicals. Thus blockade of TxA2 receptors exerts a variety of beneficial effects that reduce the severity of ischemic damage resulting from myocardial ischemia.
Solitons in Nonlinear Diatomic Lattices (1981)

We have obtained soliton solutions in the optical and acoustic branches by considering the long wavelength or continuum limit of diatomic lattices in three nonlinear potential regimes: cubic, both cubic and quartic, as well as fourth and sixth order nonlinearity in the nearest neighbour interactions. In the first two cases we get in the acoustic region KdV-type solitons and in the optical region nonlinear Schrödinger type amplitude dulated envelope solitons, where as in the later case we get MKdV-type acoustic solitons and tanh-kink-antikink optical solitons. These tanh-kink solitary waves can be used to account for the structural phase transition in perovskite ferroelectrics.
Rho Kinase Inhibitor Improves Motor Dysfunction and Hypoalgesia in a Rat Model of Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis (2007)

Activated Rho may play an important role in nerve damage in the cauda equina in SCS. Rho kinase inhibitor may be a useful tool in determining the pathomechanism of cauda equina syndrome caused by SCS.
High Dynamic Range Image Reconstruction with Spatial Resolution Enhancement (2007)

For the last two decades, two related approaches have been studied independently in conjunction with limitations of image sensors. The one is to reconstruct a high-resolution (HR) image from multiple low-resolution (LR) observations suffering from various degradations such as blur, geometric deformation, aliasing, noise, spatial sampling and so on. The other one is to reconstruct a high dynamic range (HDR) image from differently exposed multiple low dynamic range (LDR) images. LDR is due to the limitation of the capacitance of analogue-to-digital converter and the nonlinearity of the imaging system's response function. In practical situations, since observations suffer from limitations of both spatial resolution and dynamic range, it is reasonable to address them in a unified context. Most super-resolution (SR) image reconstruction methods that enhance the spatial resolution assume that the dynamic ranges of observations are the same or the imaging system's response function is already known. In this paper, the conventional approaches are overviewed and the SR image reconstruction, which simultaneously enhances spatial resolution and dynamic range, is proposed. The image degradation process including limited spatial resolution and limited dynamic range is modelled. With the observation model, the maximum a posteriori estimates of the response function of the imaging system as well as the single HR image and HDR image are obtained. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional approaches that perform the HR and HDR reconstructions sequentially with respect to both objective and subjective criteria.