gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bilayer structures in cholesteric, cyclic-siloxane liquid crystals (1991)

Abstract X-ray diffraction has been used to investigate a series of commercially available liquid crystals based on a cyclic penta(methylsiloxane) with combinations of cholesteryl-4′-allyloxybenzoate and biphenyl-4′-allyloxybenzoate mesogens pendant on the siloxane ring. A lamellar, (smectic-like) structure is indicated in the mesophase and quenched glassy solid state. Extended molecular dimensions of the mesogens generally account for the observed d spacings. The mesogens may interdigitate within lamellae but the packing and extent of interdigitation is dependent on the ratio of cholesteryl to biphenyl mesogens. There is probably also a structural contribution from the nano-aggregated (nano-phase separated), immiscible, siloxane-rich layer delineating the lamellae interfaces as this mesophase shows unusually good definition; diffraction patterns exhibit high order reflections (up to 6th order). The lamellae have a macroscopic helicoidal twist about an axis lying in the plane of the lamellae, a cholesteric supramolecular structure, which derives from the chiral, steroid mesogenic component. Surprisingly, this mesophase composed of low molar mass cyclic siloxanes may be drawn into fibres tens of metres in length, to give a morphology having the lamellae normal to the fibre axis.
A New Method of SAR Image Target Recognition based on AdaBoost Algorithm (2008)

We propose a novel target recognition algorithm for classification of three types of ground vehicles in the moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition public release database. Algorithms that produce classifiers with large margins, such as support vector machines (SVMs), AdaBoost, etc. are receiving more and more attention in the literature. A real application of AdaBoost for synthetic aperture radar automatic target recognition is presented and the result is compared with conventional classifiers. And we also describe how AdaBoost algorithm can be used as a multiclass classification method as well as a feature fusion method. Results are presented to verify that, the performance of the recognition system is improved significantly, and the method presented in this paper is an effective method for SAR images feature fusion and target recognition.
The Gene Ontology project (2005)

Abstract The main goal of the Gene Ontology (GO) project is to support the construction and use of structured, controlled vocabularies to address the growing need for meaningful annotation of genes and their products in different organisms. There are three key aspects of the GO project: the development of dynamic, controlled vocabularies that can be applied to all organisms even as knowledge of the roles of gene products is accumulating and changing; the application of GO terms in annotating genes or gene products; and the development and maintenance of databases and software for querying, displaying, and manipulating ontologies and associated annotation sets. The GO vocabularies are four nonoverlapping, structured networks of terms that describe key aspects of biology. Molecular function describes the activities or tasks performed by individual gene products at the molecular level; biological process describes broad biological goals that are accomplished by ordered assemblies of molecular functions; cellular component encompasses subcellular structures, locations, and macromolecular complexes; sequence ontology includes genome feature terms. The GO project's resources are available to the public at http://www.geneontology.org .
Sequence of Human Galanin and Its Inhibition of Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion From RIN Cells (1992)

Human progalanin cDNA was cloned with polymerase chain reaction techniques. The cDNA sequence predicts that the human form of galanin has a substitution of the glycine residue found at position 30 in other species and thus is likely to retain this residue during posttranslational processing and not be amidated at the COOH terminus. Furthermore, the cDNA sequence predicts three additional amino acid substitutions compared with known galanins. Human galanin was synthesized, and its bioactivity was compared with porcine and rat galanin based on inhibition of insulin release from a glucose-responsive rat insulinoma (RIN) cell line. Human galanin inhibited glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in a dose-dependent manner in RIN cells. Human, porcine, and rat galanin exhibited similar activity with ED50 less than 1 nM.
Optical formula to predict outcomes after implantation of accommodating intraocular lenses (2004)

The obtained formula could guide selection of candidates for accommodating IOL implantation.
Synthesis, Structures, and Properties of Disubstituted Heteroacenes on One Side Containing Both Pyrrole and Thiophene Rings (2008)

A new series of ladder-type heteroacenes containing both pyrrole and furan rings, 5,6-disubstituted diindolo[3,2-b:4,5-b']thiophenes (DITs), were effectively synthesized from N-functionalized 3,3'-dibromo-2,2'-biindoles undergoing intramolecular cyclization with bis(phenylsulfonyl) sulfide and organolithium. Single-crystal X-ray results demonstrate that 5,6-dipropyldiindolo[3,2-b:4,5-b']thiophene (4b) forms a herringbone-type of packing motif and 5,6-di(p-tolyl)diindolo[3,2-b:4,5-b']thiophene (4d) forms a parallel packing motif. Both of them have S-S contacts, enhancing the electronic transport between molecules. Their photophysical properties suggest that the skeleton of diindolo[3,2- b:4,5-b']thiophene is more favorable to aggregate in solid than that of indolo[3,2-b]carbazole. The large band gaps and low-lying HOMO energy levels could result in much better stability.
Prothrombin Contributes to the Assembly of the Factor Va-Factor Xa Complex at Phosphatidylserine-containing Phospholipid Membranes (1995)

The activation of prothrombin is catalyzed by prothrombinase, a complex of factor Xa and factor Va assembled on a negatively charged phospholipid membrane. We used a tubular flow reactor to identify the relative contributions of factor Va, prothrombin, and the negatively charged phosphatidylserine to the assembly of prothrombinase. Perfusion of phospholipid-coated capillaries with a mixture of factor Xa, factor Va, and prothrombin resulted in a steady-state rate of thrombin production that increased with (i) the phosphatidylserine content of the phospholipid bilayer, (ii) the factor Va concentration, and, most interestingly, (iii) the prothrombin concentration of the perfusion solution. Incorporation of 20 mol % phosphoatidylethanolamine, a phospholipid with poor ability to promote prothrombinase activity, into a 5 mol % phosphatidylserine membrane also increased the steady-state rate of thrombin production. Direct measurements of the amount of prothrombinase in the flow reactor demonstrated that increased catalytic activities were the result of an increased steady-state amount of membrane-associated prothrombinase. Thus, similar turnover numbers of prothrombin activation (3100 min-1) were calculated, irrespective of the phosphatidylserine content of the membrane. We established for membranes with low phosphatidylserine content (< 10 mol%) a linear relationship between the prothrombinase activity and the arithematical product of the factor Va concentration in the perfusion solution and the prothrombin concentration near the catalytic surface. Our results indicate that, in addition to factor Va, prothrombin also is essential to the assembly of prothrombinase at macroscopic surfaces with low phosphatidylserine content. The data further suggest that the prothrombin concentration near the surface, controlled by the prothrombinase activity and mass transfer, is an important regulator of the prothrombinase surface density.
<title>Surface-micromachined electrostatic diaphragm micropump</title> (1999)

An electrostatic diaphragm micropump for fluids and gases has been designed and fabricated by silicon surface micromachining. Diaphragm structures are bridge-type, cantilever-type and fan-type polysilicon, and sacrificial layers are low-temperatures oxide on polysilicon substrates. The developed anhydrous HF gas-phase etching of sacrificial oxide on polysilicon substrates has been employed to release polysilicon microstructures. The fabricated micropump with size of the order of 1 mm<SUP>2</SUP> operates at square wave voltage of 10V and 2Hz under near room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure.
FAIRING ARC SPLINE AND DESIGNING BY USING CUBIC BÉZIER SPIRAL SEGMENTS (2012)

This paper considers how to smooth three kinds of G 1 biarc models, the C-, S-, and J-shaped transitions, by replacing their parts with spiral segments using a single cubic Bézier curve. Arc spline is smoothed to G 2continuity. Use of a single curve rather than two has the benefit because designers and implementers have fewer entities to be concerned. Arc spline is planar, tangent continuous, piecewise curves made of circular arcs and straight line segments. It is important in manufacturing industries because of its use in the cutting paths for numerically controlled cutting machinery. Main contribution of this paper is to minimize the number of curvature extrema in cubic transition curves for further use in industrial applications such as non-holonomic robot path planning, highways or railways, and spur gear tooth designing.
Novel synthetic reactions using bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)triphenylphosphorane (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel synthetic reactions using bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)triphenylphosphoraneToshio Kubota, Satoshi Miyashita, Tomoya Kitazume, and Nobuo IshikawaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 25, 5052–5057Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01313a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01313a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1320Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Blood‐borne interleukin‐1 alpha is transported across the endothelial blood‐spinal cord barrier of mice. (1994)

1. Previous work has shown that one mechanism by which blood-borne interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1) may be able to affect the central nervous system (CNS) is by direct transport into the brain across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB of the brain consists of endothelial (between blood and interstitial fluid) and ependymal (between blood and cerebrospinal fluid) barriers. Which of these barriers IL-1 can cross has not previously been investigated. At the spinal cord, which could be the site of action for some of the effects of IL-1 such as analgesia, the BBB consists only of the endothelial barrier. 2. We show here that IL-1 labelled with 125I (I-IL) is transported across the BBB of the spinal cord by a saturable system similar to the one previously described for the brain. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that most of the material entering the spinal cord represented intact I-IL. The BBB of the spinal cord was no more leaky to radioactively labelled albumin than the BBB of the brain and was not disrupted by 50 micrograms kg-1 of IL-1. 3. Capillary depletion showed that most of the I-IL entered the parenchymal-interstitial fluid space of the spinal cord with only a modest amount being sequestered by the endothelial cells of its BBB. 4. I-IL entered the cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord equally well. I-IL entering at the brain and diffusing caudally was estimated only to account for about 1% of the total radioactivity found in the spinal cord after i.v. injection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Delayed precise invalidation-a software cache coherence scheme (2002)

Software-based cache coherence scheme is very desirable in scalable multiprocessor as well as massively parallel processor designs. We propose a software-based cache coherence scheme named delayed precise invalidation. The delayed precise invalidation is based on compiler time markings of references and a hardware-based local explicit invalidation of stale data in parallel and selectively. With a small amount of additional hardware and a small set of cache management instructions, the delayed precise invalidation provides more cacheability and allows invalidation of partial elements in an array, overcoming some of the inefficiencies and deficiencies of previous schemes. A correctness proof and a qualitative performance evaluation of the proposed scheme are also presented. Finally, the simulated cache hit ratios of the delayed precise invalidation and the parallel explicit invalidation scheme are given. Simulation results show that the delayed precise invalidation outperforms the parallel explicit invalidation scheme by 1O%.
Spatial compression of Seasat SAR imagery (1988)

The results of a study of the techniques for spatial compression of synthetic-aperture-radar (SAR) imagery are summarized. Emphasis is on image-data volume reduction for archive and online storage applications while preserving the image resolution and radiometric fidelity. A quantitative analysis of various techniques, including vector quantization (VQ) and adaptive discrete cosine transform (ADCT), is presented. Various factors such as compression ratio, algorithm complexity, and image quality are considered in determining the optimal algorithm. The compression system requirements are established for electronic access of an online archive system based on the results of a survey of the science community. The various algorithms are presented and their results evaluated considering the effects of speckle noise and the wide dynamic range inherent in SAR imagery. >
Effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha on cerebral oxygen uptake, cerebrospinal fluid lactate, and cerebral blood flow in the rabbit: role of nitric oxide. (1995)

Among the important pathophysiologic alterations in the brain in bacterial meningitis are abnormalities of cerebral circulation and metabolism; however, the precise mechanisms by which these disturbances occur are not completely delineated. It has been recently recognized that cytokines are produced by tissues in the central nervous system in meningitis and play a critical role in the host inflammatory response. Because these mediators are involved in circulatory and metabolic disturbances in other tissues in sepsis, we investigated the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the central nervous system in a rabbit model. We found that injection of recombinant human TNF into the cisterna magna in the rabbit led to an acute reduction in cerebral oxygen uptake and a more prolonged reduction in cerebral blood flow. This was accompanied by an increase in intracranial pressure and an increase in cerebrospinal fluid lactate. Reduction in oxygen uptake and increases in intracranial pressure and CSF lactate were blocked by pretreatment with L-NAME, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. Reduction in cerebral blood flow was not affected by L-NAME treatment and was due to increased cerebrovascular resistance and reduced oxygen demand. These results suggest that TNF may be a critical mediator of changes in cerebral circulation and metabolism and that some of these changes occur via the nitric oxide pathway.
On Communicating Finite-State Machines (1983)

A model of commumcations protocols based on finite-state machines is investigated. The problem addressed is how to ensure certain generally desirable properties, which make protocols "wellformed," that is, specify a response to those and only those events that can actually occur. It is determined to what extent the problem is solvable, and one approach to solving it ts described.
Bolting and flowering control in sugar beet: relationships and effects of gibberellin, the bolting gene B and vernalization (2010)

In sugar beet, GA acts independently of the B allele and photoperiod to induce bolting. Vernalization enables GA action independently of the B allele; hence, the dominant B allele may not directly participate in vernalization-induced bolting.
Don't Forget Dengue! Clinical Features of Dengue Fever in Returning Travellers (1998)

Dengue virus infection should be considered in all febrile travellers who have recently returned from areas where the disease is endemic and in whom tests for malaria are negative.
Genetic analysis of zebrafish<i>gli1</i>and<i>gli2</i>reveals divergent requirements for<i>gli</i>genes in vertebrate development (2003)

Gli proteins regulate the transcription of Hedgehog (Hh) target genes. Genetic studies in mouse have shown that Gli1 is not essential for embryogenesis, whereas Gli2 acts as an activator of Hh target genes. In contrast, misexpression studies in Xenopus and cultured cells have suggested that Gli1 can act as an activator of Hh-regulated genes, whereas Gli2 might function as a repressor of a subset of Hh targets. To clarify the roles of gli genes during vertebrate development, we have analyzed the requirements for gli1 and gli2 during zebrafish embryogenesis. We report that detour (dtr) mutations encode loss-of-function alleles of gli1. In contrast to mouse Gli1 mutants, dtr mutants and embryos injected with gli1 antisense morpholino oligonucleotides display defects in the activation of Hh target genes in the ventral neuroectoderm. Mutations in you-too (yot) encode C-terminally truncated Gli2. We find that these truncated proteins act as dominant repressors of Hh signaling, in part by blocking Gli1 function. In contrast, blocking Gli2 function by eliminating full-length Gli2 results in minor Hh signaling defects and uncovers a repressor function of Gli2 in the telencephalon. In addition, we find that Gli1 and Gli2 have activator functions during somite and neural development. These results reveal divergent requirements for Gli1 and Gli2 in mouse and zebrafish and indicate that zebrafish Gli1 is an activator of Hh-regulated genes, while zebrafish Gli2 has minor roles as a repressor or activator of Hh targets.
Studies in Low Concentration Chemistry. X. Further Observations on Yttrium (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies in Low Concentration Chemistry. X. Further Observations on YttriumGeorge K. Schweitzer and Harrison E. ScottCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 10, 2753–2755Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01615a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01615a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Controlling als Instrument der Unternehmensführung (1990)

ZusammenfassungDer Einladung zum Frankfurter Betriebswirtschaftlichen Forum zu folgen, ist mir eine Freude. Zunächst einmal versteht sich die AEG als “Frankfurter” internationales Unternehmen. Wir sehen es daher als unsere Pflicht an, unseren Beitrag zum Gemeinwesen zu leisten, in dem die Universität eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Den zweiten Grund meiner Freude könnte man fast als ein wenig eigennützig bezeichnen. Ich bin ein großer Anhänger des Dialogs — des Gespächs zwischen verschiedenen Gruppen, die zunächst einmal verschiedene Perspektiven haben. Des Gesprächs, das einen Austausch zwischen diesen Blickwinkeln ermöglicht. Einer argumentativen Auseinandersetzung, die schließlich zu einer Annäherung führt. Ich bin ein Anhänger des Gesprächs zwischen Praktikern aus der Wirtschaft und Ihnen, die Sie sich überwiegend aus der Perspektive des Wissenschaftlers bzw. des Studenten mit Fragen des “Wirtschaftens” auseinandersetzen. In einer Zeit, in der der Korridor immer enger wird, auf dem wir uns bewegen, in der seine Wände in Form von außenwirtschaftlichen Abhängigkeiten, zunehmendem internationalen Wettbewerb, rasantem technologischen Wandel und Arbeitslosigkeit immer mehr zusammenrücken, wird dieses Gespräch immer wichtiger. Wir müssen voneinander lernen, “profitieren”, wenn wir unsere gemeinsame Zukunft erfolgreich bewältigen wollen. Insofern ist es auch ein Stück Eigennutz, wenn ich gern zu diesem Gespräch zu Ihnen komme.
Anti-heart autoantibodies in ischaemic heart disease patients. (1976)

One hundred and ninety-nine ischaemic heart disease (IHD) patients were studied with regard to the prevalence of anti-heart autoantibodies (AHA). The incidence of AHA in IHD patients was 1%: one out of 102 patients who suffered acute myocardial infarction (AMI), one out of seventy-two patients who suffered from acute coronary insufficiency (ACI), and none out of twenty-five patients with other signs and symptoms of IHD, had AHA in their sera. An additional 2% of patients who suffered from AMI developed detectable antibody levels during a follow-up period of 15 days. In comparison,, 53% of patients (eight out of fifteen) who underwent heart surgery and who had no AHA prior to operation, developed these antibodies in their sera during 1-2 weeks following operation.
Maximum Efficiency Point Tracking for Adjustable-Speed Small Hydro Power Plant (2008)

The paper presents the general scheme and the relevant implementation of a Maximum Efficiency Point Tracking (MEPT) system for a Small Hydro Power (SHP) plant equipped with a variable-speed generator. This last consists of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) and a power electronic converter that independently controls both the rotor speed and the generator power factor. The MEPT is designed to be used with a propeller turbine with adjustable runner blade angle and it is coupled with the headwater level regulator. Such a regulator imposes the water flow to the turbine. The conceived MEPT periodically tries to improve the production efficiency by solving a constrained optimization problem, subject to the feasibility operating constraint of the SHP unit and to the equality constraint which forces to meet the water flow value provided by the headwater regulator.