gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloning, Sequencing, Mapping and Hyperexpression of the <i>ribC</i> Gene Coding for Riboflavin Synthase of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1996)

The gene coding for riboflavin synthase of Escherichia coli has been cloned by marker rescue on a 6-kb fragment that has been sequenced. The riboflavin synthase gene is identical to the ribC locus and codes for a protein of 213 amino acids with a mass of 23.4 kDa. It was mapped to a position at 37.5 min on the physical map of the E. coli chromosome. The 3' end of the ribC gene is directly adjacent to the cfa gene, which codes for cyclopropane-fatty-acid synthase. This gene is followed by two open reading frames designated ydhC and ydhB, which are predicted to code for putative proteins with 403 amino acids and 310 amino acids, respectively. The gene ydhC is similar to genes coding for resistance against various antibiotics (cmlA, bcr) and probably codes for a transmembrane protein. The protein specified by ydhB shows sequence similarity to a large family of DNA-binding proteins and probably represents a helix-turn-helix protein. The ydhB gene is directly adjacent to the regulatory gene purR. A 288-bp segment of the cfa gene has earlier been mapped incorrectly to a position adjacent to greA at 67 min. The ribC gene was hyperexpressed in recombinant E. coli strains to a level of about 30% of cellular protein. The protein was purified to homogeneity by chromatography. The specific activity was 26000 nmol.mg-1.h-1. The protein sediments at a velocity of S20 = 3.8 S. Sedimentation-equilibrium centrifugation indicated a molecular mass of 70 kDa, consistent with a trimer structure. The primary structure of riboflavin synthase is characterized by internal sequence similarity (25 identical amino acids in the C-terminal and N-terminal parts suggesting two structurally similar folding domains.
Analysis of a Randomized Dynamic Timetable Handshake Algorithm (2008)

International audience
Large-Scale Modal Analysis on Multi-Core Architectures (2012)

We propose here a subspace augmented Rayleigh-Ritz conjugate gradient method (SaRCG) for solving large-scale eigen-value problems. The method is highly scalable and well suited for multi-core architectures since it only requires sparse matrix-vector multiplications (SpMV). As a specific application, we consider the modal analysis of geometrically complex structures that are discretized via non-conforming voxels. The voxelization process is robust and relatively insensitive to geometric complexity, but it leads to large eigen-value problems, that are difficult to solve via standard eigen-solvers such as block-Lanczos. Such problems are easily solved via the proposed SaRCG, where one can, in addition, exploit the voxelization structure to render the SpMV assembly-free. As the numerical experiments indicate, the resulting implementation on multi-core CPUs, and graphics-programmable-units is a practical solution to automated eigen-value estimation during early stages of design.
[Tasks of socialist society in creating favorable living conditions for the population]. (1978)

During prolonged application of a gate bias, organic field-effect transistors show an instability involving a gradual shift of the threshold voltage toward the applied gate bias voltage. We propose a model for this instability in p-type transistors with a silicon-dioxide gate dielectric, based on hole-assisted production of protons in the accumulation layer and their subsequent migration into the gate dielectric. This model explains the much debated role of water and several other hitherto unexplained aspects of the instability of these transistors.
7 Fidelity of DNA Replication (1996)

The six billion nucleotides of the diploid human genome are replicated in only a few hours while generating so few errors that the spontaneous mutation rate may be less than 1 mutation per genome per cell division (Loeb 1991). This incredible accuracy results from three major error-avoidance processes: the high selectivity of DNA polymerases, exo-nucleolytic proofreading, and postreplication mismatch repair. In this chapter, we review our current understanding of the first two of these processes. Readers interested in eukaryotic mismatch repair are referred to a recent review (Modrich 1994). We begin by describing the steps in the polymerization reaction cycle that discriminate against base substitution errors, then review studies of the substitution fidelity of the five classes of eukaryotic DNA polymerases. We then consider several ways to make errors by template-primer slippage and review what is known about eukaryotic DNA polymerase frameshift error rates. Finally, we present information on the fidelity with which the multiprotein replication machinery replicates undamaged DNA and DNA containing adducts of known carcinogens. BASE SUBSTITUTION FIDELITY Discrimination Steps in a Polymerization Cycle The error discrimination steps that operate during incorporation of a single nucleotide have been worked out primarily with prokaryotic and viral DNA polymerases. The steps (Fig. 1) include binding of the polymerase to the DNA, formation of a ternary complex with the incoming deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP), a conformational change in this complex to position the substrates for phosphodiester bond formation, the chemical reaction step to form the bond, a second conformational change following the...
Synthesis of Well‐Defined Figure‐of‐Eight‐Shaped Polymers by a Combination of ATRP and Click Chemistry (2008)

Abstract Well‐defined figure‐of‐eight‐shaped (8‐shaped) polystyrene (PS) with controlled molecular weight and narrow polydispersities has been prepared by the combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and click chemistry. The synthesis involves two steps: 1) Preparation of a linear tetrafunctional PS with two azido groups, one at each end of the polymer chain, and two acetylene groups at the middle of the chain. 2) Intramolecular cyclization of the linear tetrafunctional PS at a very low concentration by a click reaction to produce the 8‐shaped polystyrenes. The resulting intermediates and the target polymers were characterized by 1 H NMR and FT‐IR spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. The glass transition temperatures ( T g s) were determined by differential scanning calorimetry and it was found that the decrease in chain mobility by cyclization resulted in higher T g s for 8‐shaped polystyrenes as compared to their corresponding precursors. magnified image
Collateral sensitivity to methotrexate in cells resistant to adriamycin. (1979)

Abstract Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, maintained and treated in log-phase growth, are extremely sensitive to Adriamycin but are very resistant to methotrexate-induced cell killing. The survival response to Adriamycin is biphasic, with the sensitive population showing a D 0 of 0.08 µg/ml for 1 hr, while essentially no cell killing is produced by methotrexate treatments of up to 500 µg/ml for either 1 or 13 hr. Cells surviving Adriamycin treatment (5 µg/ml for 1 hr) and isolated in colony form were more resistant ( D 0 = 0.2 µg/ml) to subsequent treatments with Adriamycin than were the parental population, although the survival response was still biphasic. These Adriamycin-resistant cells (CHO-R/ADR), however, had become sensitive to methotrexate, with a nearly 50% cell killing achieved by treatment with 5 µg/ml for 1 hr. Uptake studies indicate that the acquired Adriamycin resistance is not due to a decrease in Adriamycin uptake, whereas the increase in methotrexate sensitivity is, in part, due to an increased uptake and a lower efflux of methotrexate. Levels of dihydrofolate reductase activity in the Adriamycin-sensitive methotrexate-resistant CHO cells are substantially higher (34%) than levels in Adriamycin-resistant (CHO-R/ADR) cultures. Titration of CHO cells with methotrexate doses of up to 500 µg/ml (for only 1 hr) reduced the dihydrofolate reductase activity to the level found in CHO-R/ADR cells treated with doses up to 5 µg/ml for 1 hr. Survival studies confirmed that Adriamycin resistance could be conferred to the CHO cells in a dose-dependent fashion by pretreating normal cultures with methotrexate. These and other data suggest that the collateral methotrexate sensitivity in the CHO-R/ADR cells is on the basis of both decreased levels of dihydrofolate reductase and increased net uptake of methotrexate. Dihydrofolate reductase levels seem to be a measure of Adriamycin sensitivity. These results may have important implications in the use of these two drugs, either alone or in combination, in cancer chemotherapy.
Extra‐nigral pathological conditions are common in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: An <i>in vivo</i> positron emission tomography study (2014)

Cholinergic denervation has been associated with falls and slower gait speed and β-amyloid deposition with greater severity of axial motor impairments in Parkinson disease (PD). However, little is known about the association between the presence of extra-nigral pathological conditions and freezing of gait (FoG). Patients with PD (n = 143; age, 65.5 ± 7.4 years, Hoehn and Yahr stage, 2.4 ± 0.6; Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, 25.9 ± 2.6) underwent [(11) C]methyl-4-piperidinyl propionate acetylcholinesterase and [(11) C]dihydrotetrabenazine dopaminergic PET imaging, and clinical, including FoG, assessment in the dopaminergic "off" state. A subset of subjects (n = 61) underwent [(11) C]Pittsburgh compound-B β-amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Normative data were used to dichotomize abnormal β-amyloid uptake or cholinergic deficits. Freezing of gait was present in 20 patients (14.0%). Freezers had longer duration of disease (P = 0.009), more severe motor disease (P < 0.0001), and lower striatal dopaminergic activity (P = 0.013) compared with non-freezers. Freezing of gait was more common in patients with diminished neocortical cholinergic innervation (23.9%, χ(2) = 5.56, P = 0.018), but not in the thalamic cholinergic denervation group (17.4%, χ(2) = 0.26, P = 0.61). Subgroup analysis showed higher frequency of FoG with increased neocortical β-amyloid deposition (30.4%, Fisher Exact test: P = 0.032). Frequency of FoG was lowest with absence of both pathological conditions (4.8%), intermediate in subjects with single extra-nigral pathological condition (14.3%), and highest with combined neocortical cholinopathy and amyloidopathy (41.7%; Cochran-Armitage trend test, Z = 2.63, P = 0.015). Within the group of freezers, 90% had at least one of the two extra-nigral pathological conditions studied. Extra-nigral pathological conditions, in particular the combined presence of cortical cholinopathy and amyloidopathy, are common in PD with FoG and may contribute to its pathophysiology. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Color Constancy using Natural Image Statistics (2007)

Although many color constancy methods exist, they are all based on specific assumptions such as the set of possible light sources, or the spatial and spectral characteristics of images. As a consequence, no algorithm can be considered as universal. However, with the large variety of available methods, the question is how to select the method that induces equivalent classes for different image characteristics. Furthermore, the subsequent question is how to combine the different algorithms in a proper way. To achieve selection and combining of color constancy algorithms, in this paper, natural image statistics are used to identify the most important characteristics of color images. Then, based on these image characteristics, the proper color constancy algorithm (or best combination of algorithms) is selected for a specific image. To capture the image characteristics, the Weibull parameterization (e.g. texture and contrast) is used. Experiments show that, on a large data set of 11,000 images, our approach outperforms current state-of-the-art single algorithms, as well as simple alternatives for combining several algorithms.
Abiraterone and Novel Antiandrogens: Overcoming Castration Resistance in Prostate Cancer (2012)

Suppression of gonadal androgens by medical or surgical castration remains the mainstay of treatment for patients with advanced prostate cancer. However, the response to treatment is not durable, and transition to a "castration-resistant" state is invariable. Recent advances in our understanding of the androgen receptor signaling pathway have led to the development of therapeutic strategies to overcome castration resistance. This article reviews current concepts and challenges behind targeting continued androgen receptor signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer and provides an overview of recently completed and ongoing clinical trials of novel hormonal agents, with a focus on abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide (MDV3100).
Threshold current density dependence on p-doping in AlGaInP laser (1990)

Minimum threshold current density (Jth) less than 2.OkA/cm2 is obtained at optimum hole concentration in the Zn-doped cladding layer (NH) of 3"4x 1O'7ca3 in the AlGaInP laser diodes. At NM lower than optimum one, Jth increases gradually due to poor electron confinement in the active layer. At NH higher than optimum one, Jth also increases due to Zn diffusion from the Zn-doped cladding layer to the active layer during epitaxial growth. One of the reasons is that Zn atoms act as nonradiative recombination centers in the active layer. By optimizing NH in the index guide AlGaInP laser diodes with 6u a width stripe, threshold current of 4OmA and astigmatism smaller than 8 m are achieved.
DNA Chips Come Of Age (1996)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTDNA Chips Come Of AgeAfter period of gestation, technology for genetic analysis is blossomingSTU BORMANCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1996, 74, 50, 42–43Publication Date (Print):December 9, 1996Publication History Published online12 November 2010Published inissue 9 December 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v074n050.p042https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v074n050.p042newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views3Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Genetics Get e-Alerts
The design and use of a dual-frequency surface coil providing proton images for improved localization in <sup>3</sup> <sup>1</sup>P spectroscopy of small lesions (1986)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of small lesions is restricted by the difficulties of localizing the surface coil with respect to the lesion and the problem of ensuring that signal is only obtained from the lesion and not from surrounding tissue. A double-tuned coil has been developed that permits NMR proton images to be obtained from a region of interest, prior to carrying out 31P spectroscopy of the same region with the same coil, without the need for further adjustment. The coil provides a means of accurately localizing the region from which the 31P signal is obtained, whilst offering a means of accurately applying 31P signal localization methods, and the possibility of making corrections for the nonuniform sensitivity of a given surface coil. The coil makes use of two parallel resonant circuits, with independent rf connections, but sharing a common coil. Simulated shorted and open circuit lambda /4 cables are used, respectively, to open circuit each circuit at the resonant frequency of the other circuit and ensure that the simulated lambda /4 line is short circuited for each circuit at the circuit's resonant frequency. At 63.6 MHz, the Q of the coil was 190 unloaded and 90 loaded, and at 25.7 MHz the Q was 210 unloaded and 140 loaded, for a 4-cm-diam coil. The coil has been used to obtain proton images and 31P spectra. A circuit employing only one input was also developed.
Hydro-Elastic Modelling of an Electro-Active Wave Energy Converter (2013)

Since 2009, SBM Offshore has been developing the S3 Wave Energy Converter (S3 WEC). It consists in a long flexible tube made of an Electro-Active Polymer (EAP). Thus, the structural material is also the Power Take Off (PTO). In order to optimize the S3 WEC, a hydro-elastic numerical model able to predict the device dynamic response has been developed. The inner flow, elastic wall deformations and outer flow are taken into account in the model under the following assumptions: Euler equation is used for the inner flow. The flow is also assumed to be uniform. Elastic deformation of the wall tube is linearized. The outer flow is modeled using linear potential theory. These equations have been combined in order to build the numerical model. First, they are solved in the absence of the outer fluid in order to obtain the modes of response of the device. Secondly, the outer fluid is taken into account and the equation of motion is solved by making use of modal expansion. Meanwhile, experimental validation tests were conducted in the ocean basin at Ecole Centrale De Nantes. The scale model is 10m long tube made of EAP. The tube deformations were measured using the electro-active polymer. The model was also equipped with sensors in order to measure the inner pressure. Comparisons of the deformation rate between the numerical model and experimental results show good agreement, provided that the wall damping is calibrated. Eventually, results of a technico-economical parametric study of the dimensions of the device are presented.
Is<i>Cutibacterium</i>(previously<i>Propionibacterium</i>)<i>acnes</i>a potential pathogenic factor in the aetiology of the skin disease progressive macular hypomelanosis? (2020)

Progressive macular hypomelanosis (PMH) is a skin condition that normally causes symmetrically distributed hypopigmented macules on the front and back of the trunk, but rarely the face. To date, the pathophysiology of the condition is not well understood, but a role for the anaerobic skin bacterium Cutibacterium (previously Propionibacterium) acnes in the development of the disease has been proposed due to its sole presence within lesional, but not normal peri-lesional, skin. The success of antimicrobials in the treatment of PMH also provides circumstantial evidence that this association may be causal, although this is still to be proven. More recent culture and metagenomic typing studies indicate that strains of C. acnes subsp. elongatum (type III) may be important in the aetiology of the condition, which would help to explain why PMH does not normally affect the face since such strains are rarely present there, and why no association between this condition and acne vulgaris is found; acne appears to primarily involve type IA<sub>1</sub> strains from C. acnes subsp. acnes (type I). In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the relationship between C. acnes and PMH, and re-examine previous challenges to the view that the bacterium plays a role in the condition against the backdrop of newly emerged data.
High performance communications and tracking multi-beam antennas (2006)

Next generation multimedia satellite systems will need to deliver optimal performance while being lighter, smaller and less costly than current systems. Current systems often have four reflector antennas for transmit and another four reflector antennas for receive. A more optimal solution can be obtained by combining transmit and receive on each reflector antenna, thus halving the required number of reflectors and feed chains. Several enabling technologies had to be developed to alleviate, and often eliminate, the resulting RF performance degradation. These technologies include high efficiency feed chains, methods of equalizing transmit and receive beam widths, and RF sensing systems to minimize pointing error. This paper describes these technologies and how they address the needs of the next generation of multimedia satellites.
Isolation and characterization of BanLec-I, a mannoside-binding lectin from <i>Musa paradisiac</i> (banana) (1990)

A lectin (BanLec-I) from banana (Musa paradisiac) with a binding specificity for oligomannosidic glycans of size classes higher than (Man)6GlcNAc was isolated and purified by affinity chromatography on a Sephadex G-75 column. It did not agglutinate untreated human or sheep erythrocytes, but it did agglutinate rabbit erythrocytes. BanLec-I stimulated T-cell proliferation. On size-exclusion chromatography, BanLec-I has a molecular mass of approx. 27 kDa, and on SDS/PAGE the molecular mass is approx. 13 kDa. The isoelectric point is 7.2-7.5. BanLec-I was found to be very effective as a probe in detecting glycoproteins, e.g. on nitrocellulose blots.
Antibody cross-linking and target elution protocols used for immunoprecipitation significantly modulate signal-to noise ratio in downstream 2D-PAGE analysis (2011)

Careful choice of Ig cross-linker as well as efficient elution of target protein in SDS prior to downstream 2D-PAGE may be key factors to analyze low-abundance proteins enriched by magnetic bead immunoprecipitation.
Effects of Different Forms of Chromium Supplements on Serum Glucose, Insulin and Lipids in Rats (2004)

This study evaluated the effects of different forms of chromium supplements on serum glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations in rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly assigned to one of three dietary groups and fed AIN-76 semi-purified basal diets supplemented with 300 ppb Cr from Cr methionine (CrMet) and Cr chloride (CrCl₃) or without Cr (control). By the end of the 4^(th) week, all rats were decapitated, blood collected, and serum glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations were determined. The CrMet and CrCl₃ supplementation did not affect weight gain and feed efficiency ratio. However, feed intake was significantly higher in CrMet groups than control (p＜0.05). CrMet-supplemented rats had markedly increased insulin levels (p＜0.05) compared with controls. Serum lipids were not significantly different between the control and the CrMet groups. CrCl₃ supplementation decreased total cholesterol and triglyceride, but the decreases were only significant for the control group. CrCl₃ supplementation was associated with significant decreases in total cholesterol compared with CrMet supplementation. These results indicate that CrMet supplementation is effective for increasing serum insulin, and CrCl₃ may improve lipid concentrations, because we observed decreased serum total cholesterol and an improved total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio (THR).
Augmentation of Road Surfaces with Subsurface Utility Model Projections (2018)

Subsurface utility work planning would benefit from augmented reality. Unfortunately, the exact pipe location is rarely known, which produces unreliable augmentations. We proposed an augmentation technique that drapes 2D pipe maps onto the road surface and aligns them with corresponding features in the physical world using a pre-captured 3D mesh. Resulting augmentations are more likely to be displayed at the true pipe locations.