gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proximal Rotational Metatarsal Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus (PROMO) (2018)

Background: Hallux valgus deformity consists of a lateral deviation of the great toe, metatarsus varus, and pronation of the first metatarsal. Most osteotomies only correct varus, but not the pronation of the metatarsal. Persistent postoperative pronation has been shown to increase deformity recurrence and have worse functional outcomes. The proximal rotational metatarsal osteotomy (PROMO) technique reliably corrects pronation and varus through a stable osteotomy, avoiding fusing any healthy joints. The objective of this research is to show a prospective series of the PROMO technique. Methods: Twenty-five patients (30 feet) were operated with the PROMO technique. The sample included 22 women and 3 men, average age 46 years (range 22-59), for a mean prospective follow-up of 1 year (range 9-14 months). Inclusion criteria included symptomatic hallux valgus deformities, absence of severe joint arthritis, or inflammatory arthropathies, with a metatarsal malrotation of 10 degrees or more, with no tarsometatarsal subluxation or arthritis on the anteroposterior or lateral foot radiograph views. The mean preoperative and postoperative Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) score, metatarsophalangeal angle, intermetatarsal angle, metatarsal malrotation, complications, satisfaction, and recurrence were recorded. Results: The mean preoperative and postoperative LEFS scores were 56 and 73. The median pre-/postoperative metatarsophalangeal angle was 32.5/4 degrees and the intermetatarsal angle 15.5/5 degrees. The metatarsal rotation was satisfactorily corrected in 24 of 25 patients. An Akin osteotomy was needed in 27 of 30 feet. All patients were satisfied with the surgery, and no recurrence or complications were found. Conclusions: PROMO is a reliable technique, with good short-term results in terms of angular correction, satisfaction, and recurrence. Long-term studies are needed to determine if a lower hallux recurrence rate occurs with the correction of metatarsal rotation in comparison with conventional osteotomies. Level of evidence: IV, prospective case series.
D. H. 로렌스의 「섬을 사랑한 사나이」와 세계시민주의 (2012)

D. H. Lawrence, in his Man Who Loved Islands, challenges against Kant`s separation of space from time and geographical unification. The story, as if accommodated in fable-like narrative, is invested with the author`s philosophical investigation on the Kantian geographical cosmopolitanism. Harvey`s critical engagement with the Kantian geography casts new light on Lawrence`s reflection on space and time in the story. Lawrence, who lived in the twentieth century cosmopolitan Europe and mediated on the possible implications and manifestations of cosmopolitanism, foresees the fatal conflation of cosmopolitanism and universalism and its catastrophic impact on human psychology.
Expression of herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcripts in the trigeminal ganglia of mice during acute infection and reactivation of latent infection (1988)

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) establishes a latent infection in the trigeminal ganglia of mice infected via the eye. In these ganglia three viral transcripts, of 2.0, 1.5, and 1.45 kilobases (kb), which are at least partially colinear, have been identified by Northern (RNA) blot analysis. These RNAs partially overlap ICPO, but are transcribed in the opposite direction (J. G. Spivack and N. W. Fraser, J. Virol. 61:3841-3847, 1987). The accumulation of these latency-associated transcripts, as well as other viral RNAs, was studied during an acute infection and the reactivation of a latent HSV-1 infection in mice. The 2.0-kb latency-associated transcript was detected in trigeminal ganglia of mice as early as 4 days postinfection, and the 1.45- and 1.5-kb RNA doublet was detected at 14 days postinfection. The levels of these latency-associated transcripts increased steadily over a 60-day period. In contrast, other HSV-1 transcripts were detected at 2 to 3 days postinfection, reached a peak on day 4, and rapidly declined below detectable levels by day 7. The data indicate that the temporal expression of the latency-associated genes during acute infection in the trigeminal ganglia of mice is different from the temporal expression of genes involved in HSV-1 replication. During the reactivation of latent HSV-1 from explanted trigeminal ganglia, the latency-associated RNAs decreased about twofold, but were present at significant levels even after HSV-1 DNA increased and infectious virus was recovered. The decrease of the latency-associated transcripts occurred when reactivation was blocked by phosphonoacetic acid or novobiocin, which suggests that this decrease may be an early event in the entry of latent HSV-1 into the viral replication cycle.
Distinct Roles of MDMX in the Regulation of p53 Response to Ribosomal Stress (2007)

Approximately 50% of protein and RNA synthesis in proliferating cells are devoted to ribosomal biogenesis. Coordination between ribosome biogenesis, growth, and proliferation is critical for maintenance of homeostasis and tumor suppression. Aberrant rRNA expression and processing is sensed by p53. Ribosomal stress increases the binding between MDM2 and ribosomal proteins L5, L11, and L23, resulting in p53 stabilization. Our recent study showed that p53 activation by ribosomal stress also involves degradation of MDMX in an MDM2-dependent fashion. Failure to eliminate MDMX due to overexpression results in the sequestration of p53 into inactive complexes, severely impairing p53-dependent cell cycle arrest during ribosomal stress. Furthermore, MDMX overexpression promotes resistance to the chemotherapeutic agent 5-FU, which at low concentrations activates p53 by inhibiting RNA metabolism. Therefore, MDMX is an important regulator of p53 response to ribosomal stress. MDMX overexpression in tumors may significantly influence response to chemotherapy agents that target rRNA biogenesis.
A 20 ns 64K CMOS static RAM (1984)

A 64K-word by 1-bit CMOS static RAM with a 20-ns typical address access time and 70-mW active power dissipation is described. Third-generation CMOS (Hi-CMOSIII) technology is also described. In this technology, n-channel and p-channel MOS transistors having 1.3 /spl mu/m typical gate length and 1.3 /spl mu/m design rule are used. Good RAM performance is achieved by use of a pulsed-word-line technique and double p-well bipolar-CMOS circuitry.
A시 B특수학교의 인공와우 이식 아동 대상 e-러닝 활용 교수방법에 대한 질적 사례연구 (2012)

본 연구는 인공와우 이식 청각아동이 증가하면서 통합교육이 가속화되고 있지만 통합 학교에서는 일반적인 교육과정에 따른 교수방법으로 특수학교에서는 일반적인 청각장애아 동과 같은 형태로 수업을 진행하고 있을 뿐 이들에 대한 별도의 교수방법은 전무한 상황이다. 인공와우 이식 아동들의 특징을 고려하지 않은 교수방법으로 인하여 의사소통측면에서 지속적인 어려움을 가지게 되는 한편, 고학년으로 올라가면서 학업 및 사회-정서적측면에서 어려움이 가중됨에 따라 e-러닝을 활용한 교수방법을 통하여 교사와의 상호작용을 증진하고, 교과목의 이해를 도와 도울 수 있는 방법을 모색하고자 하여 e-러닝 우수시 범학교로 선정된 A시 B학교의 e-러닝 활용교육 사례를 통하여 인공와우 이식 아동들을 위한 효율적인 교수방법을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 A시 B청각학교의 교사들과의 면담을 통하여 얻은 데이터를 통하여 질적인 분석을 실시함으로써 인공와우 이식 아동들의 교과 이해능력 향상을 위한 e-러닝 활용 교수방법을 제안하고자 하였다.
A ten-year follow-up study of our first one hundred consecutive Charnley total hip replacements. (1981)

This study concerns the fate of the first 100 Charnley total hip replacements done in ninety ninety patients at The Hospital for Special Surgery. At the time of this study, the follow-up of the surviving sixty-seven patients ranged from nine and one-half to eleven and one-half year (average, ten years). When studied at an average of ten years after the initial operation, twenty-six of the original 100 hips that had been operated on had been lost to follow-up due to death, and seven could not be traced. Of the remaining sixty-seven hips that were available for clinical evaluation, thirty-seven were rated as excellent; twenty-two, as good; four, as fair; and four, as poor, according to The Hospital for Special Surgery scoring system. The radiographs of fifty-four of the sixty-seven hips were available for this evaluation. Twenty-three of these hips showed radiographic signs of problems that appeared to have no significant bearing on the quality of their clinical results. There was loosening of the femoral component in five hips which occurred within the first three years after operation and then apparently stabilized. One required reoperation eight years after the original surgery. There was one fracture of the femoral stem eight years after the original operation, requiring reoperation. Six hips demonstrated so-called calcar resorption, the greatest measuring fourteen and thirty millimeters. Ten acetabular components showed wear of more than one millimeter, the maximum being five millimeters in both components of a patient with bilateral hip replacement. Two acetabular components migrated, one requiring reoperation due to progressive bone loss nine and one-half years after the original procedure. All three reoperations have been successful to date.
Chemical Tools for Biomolecular Imaging (2007)

The visualization of biologically relevant molecules and activities inside living cells continues to transform cell biology into a truly quantitative science. However, despite the spectacular achievements in some areas of cell biology, the majority of cellular processes still operate invisibly, not illuminated by even our brightest laser beams. Further progress therefore will depend not only on improvements in instrumentation but also increasingly on the development of new fluorophores and fluorescent sensors to target these activities. In the following, we review some of the recent approaches to generating such sensors, the methods to attach them to selected biomolecules, and their applications to various biological problems.
Shape-Controlled Growth and Shape-Dependent Cation Site Occupancy of Monodisperse Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles (2011)

The shape control and formation mechanism of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by a modified hot-injection method were investigated. Monodisperse Fe3O4 nanocubes terminated at {100} planes with the average size of 16.1 ± 0.9 nm were synthesized by injecting Fe precursor into reaction solution at 290 °C with a slow injection rate of 10 mL/h. When we increased the monomer concentration in solution by increasing the injection rate to 20 mL/h or doubling the precursor concentration with the same reaction time, the main terminated planes of Fe3O4 NPs became {100} and {110} planes leading to a rhombicuboctahedral shape. The shape of NPs was strongly affected by the monomer concentration and the intrinsic surface energy of Fe3O4. The shape-induced crystallographic orientation-ordered superlattices were obtained in both cubic and rhombicuboctahedral Fe3O4 NPs. On the other hand, the shape-dependent occupancy of the cation sites was clearly observed, measured by using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra. The octahedral sites were occupied by more ferric ions, Fe3+, when the shape of Fe3O4 NPs became cubic.
On-Surface Self-Assembly of Stimuli-Responsive Metallo-Organic Films: Automated Ultrasonic Spray-Coating and Electrochromic Devices (2019)

We demonstrate the on-surface formation of homogeneous and uniform electrochromic films via ultrasonic spray coating. This fully automated process is capable of fabricating metallo-organic films on transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) on glass or flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) with surface areas of up to 36 cm<sup>2</sup> and film thicknesses of half a micron. The assembly process involves alternatingly spray-coating dilute solutions of structurally well-defined iron polypyridyl ([Fe(mbpy-py)<sub>3</sub>]<sup>2+</sup>) complexes and bis(benzonitrile)palladium dichloride (Pd(PhCN)<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>) onto conductive substrates, where the latter palladium salt was used as the inorganic cross-linker. The on-surface self-assembled three-dimensional networks are intensely colored and were subsequently integrated into laminated electrochromic devices (ECDs) containing a lithium-based gel electrolyte. The ECDs retain their intense color in the ground state, having a Δ T<sub>max</sub> of 40-49% at λ<sub>max</sub> ≈ 600 nm, and can be operated for up to 1500 redox cycles. The fluorine-doped tin oxide counter electrode coated with poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as a charge-storage layer resulted in these stable devices. A significant decrease in the potential window of Δ E ≈ 2.5 V was achieved by using a metal grid on PET as the counter electrode. The operation of the electrochromic films is diffusion-controlled, and the diffusion coefficients ( D<sub>f</sub>) reflect their molecular densities. During these studies, we found that ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup> is a suitable counterion of the lithium-based electrolytes for optimal ECD performance.
Über Verbindungen mit Urotropin‐Struktur, XLIII. Neue Möglichkeiten der Direktsubstitution am Adamantan (1969)

Abstract Durch Direktsubstitution des Adamantans mit Thionylchlorid in Gegenwart von Aluminiumchlorid gelingt die Darstellung von Adamantan‐sulfinsäure‐(1)‐chlorid ( 4 ), dessen Struktur bewiesen wird. 4 wird zur Darstellung einiger Ester und Amide der Adamantan‐sulfinsäure‐(1) herangezogen, die mit Kaliumpermanganat in siedendem Aceton zu den entsprechenden Sulfonsäureestern bzw. ‐amiden oxydiert werden können. Ferner gelingt die Synthese von Adamantan‐sulfonsäure‐(1)‐chlorid ( 15 ) durch Chlorierung des Natriumsalzes der Sulfinsäure mit elementarem Chlor.
Cardiac Efficiency Is Improved After Ischemia by Altering Both the Source and Fate of Protons (1996)

Cardiac efficiency is decreased in hearts after severe ischemia. We determined whether reducing the production of H+ from glucose metabolism or inhibiting the clearance of H+ via Na(+)-H+ exchange could increase cardiac efficiency during reperfusion. This was achieved using dichloroacetate (DCA) to stimulate glucose oxidation and 5-(N,N-dimethyl)-amiloride (DMA) to inhibit Na(+)-H+ exchange, respectively. Isolated working rat hearts were subjected to 30 minutes of global ischemia and 60 minutes of reperfusion. Glycolysis and oxidation rates of glucose, lactate, and palmitate were measured. Recovery of cardiac work, O2 consumption (MVO2), and rates of acetyl-coenzyme A and ATP production during reperfusion were determined. After ischemia, cardiac work recovered to 35 +/- 5% of preischemic values in control hearts (n = 23), although MVO2, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity, and ATP production from glycolysis and oxidative metabolism rapidly recovered to preischemic levels. This decrease in cardiac efficiency was accompanied by a substantial production of H+ from glucose metabolism DCA caused a 2.2-fold increase in glucose oxidation, a 46 +/- 17% decrease in H+ production, a 1.6-fold increase in cardiac efficiency, and a 2.0-fold increase in cardiac work during reperfusion (n = 17). Inhibition of Na(+)-H+ exchange with DMA did not alter TCA cycle activity and ATP production rates but did result in a 1.8-fold increase in cardiac efficiency and a 1.7-fold increase in cardiac work (n = 12). These data show that cardiac efficiency and the contractile function after ischemia can be improved by either reducing the rate of H+ production from glucose metabolism during reperfusion or inhibiting the clearance of H+ via Na(+)-H+ exchange. Our data suggest that an increased requirement for ATP to restore ischemia-reperfusion-induced alterations in ion homeostasis contributes to the decrease in cardiac efficiency and contractile function after ischemia.
NTSC and MAC Television Signals in Noise and Interference Environments (1984)

Future direct broadcast satellite (DBS) systems will be governed by two main limiting factors: noise and interference. This article presents the results of a two-phase measurement program to evaluate the effect of noise and interference on the quality of TV pictures. The first phase evaluated the effects on the FM-NTSC television signal, and the results were used to set the technical parameters for planning the DBS service at the RARC-83. The second phase concentrated on the new Multiplexed Analog Components (MAC) encoding proposed in Europe as the signal format for 625-line DBS systems, which is also gaining importance in North America. Preliminary results of the comparison study on the susceptibility of MAC and NTSC signals to system noise as a function of over-deviation, as well as co-channel and adjacent-channel interference, are reported.
Transient Triglyceridemia Decreases Vascular Reactivity in Young, Healthy Men Without Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease (1997)

Transient triglyceridemia decreases vascular reactivity, presumably by both endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent mechanisms.
The infrared frequencies of DNA bases: science and art (1999)

If we could hear the body, delve into its rhythms and frequencies, what might it sound like? Would we recognize patterns pleasing to the ear, consider them beautiful, musical? Is our biology harmonically ordered in any way? And if so, so what? There are many ways to explore such questions, and one direct way is to access the frequencies of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the primary carrier of genetic information for all living organisms. In 1988 the author, a composer, posed these questions to Dr. David Deamer, a cell biologist. One significant constraint with. this project required that, rather than mapping, or assigning arbitrary pitches to hear patterns, the actual vibrational frequencies were to be collected directly from the molecular realm. These frequencies would then be arranged as scales of tones and used as the basis for musical composition. In 1990 the cassette version of Sequencia was recorded, and in 1994 the CD with additional music was produced. Sequencia consists of three performances of original music-Eikos, Sequencia, and Pataphysical Thymine-performed on traditional instruments plus electronic keyboard, based entirely on a tuning system derived from certain frequencies that occur naturally in DNA.
SUCCESSFUL ANASTOMOSIS BETWEEN TISSUE-ENGINEERED INTESTINE AND NATIVE SMALL BOWEL1,2 (1999)

Anastomosis between tissue-engineered intestine and native small bowel resulted in no complications after the operation, kept a high patency rate, and maintained mucosal continuity between the tissue-engineered intestine and native small bowel. Furthermore, anastomosis had a positive effect on cyst size and development of the mucosa in the tissue-engineered intestine.
Detection of Pulmonary Embolism: Comparison of Paddlewheel and Coronal CT Reformations—Initial Experience (2003)

In five patients with acute multilobar pulmonary embolism (PE) who were imaged with multi-detector row CT angiography, maximum intensity projection images were reformatted from axial images into rotated paddlewheel and coronal planes with three slab thicknesses and were reviewed for evidence of PE on a per-vessel basis with consensus of two readers. Paddlewheel reformations had a significantly higher percentage of overall detection of PE than did coronal reformations obtained with equivalent slab thickness (P <.0001). Paddlewheel reformations with 5.0-mm slab thickness had no significantly different percentage of overall detection of PE compared with that of axial images obtained with 2.5-mm collimation.
Formation of Buffer Layers around the Coherent Interface of Precipitates (1988)

Etude par microscopie electronique en haute resolution de la structure atomique des couches riches en cuivre formees autour de l'interface eds precipites de phase θ' dans des alliages dilues Al-Cu.Analyse de la distribution des atomes de solute dans l'interface.
Towards energy awareness in Hadoop (2014)

With the rise in the use of data centers comprised of commodity clusters for data-intensive applications, the energy efficiency of these setups is becoming a paramount concern for data center operators. Moreover, applications developed for Hadoop framework, which has now become a de-facto implementation of the MapReduce framework, now comprise complex workflows that are managed by specialized workflow schedulers, such as Oozie. These schedulers assume cluster resources to be homogeneous and often consider data locality to be the only scheduling constraint. However, this is increasingly not the case in modern data centers. The addition of low-power computing devices and regular hardware upgrades have made heterogeneity the norm, in that clusters are now comprised of several logical sub-clusters each with its own performance and energy profile. In this paper we present eSched, a workflow scheduler that profiles the performance and the energy characteristics of applications on each hardware sub-cluster in a heterogeneous cluster in order to improve the application-resource match while ensuring energy efficiency and performance related Service Level Agreement (SLA) goals. eSched borrows from our earlier work, φSched, a hardware-aware scheduler, that improves the resource--application match to improve application performance. We evaluate eSched on three clusters with different hardware configurations and energy profiles, where each sub-cluster comprises of five homogeneous nodes. Our evaluation of eSched shows that application performance and power characteristics vary significantly across different hardware configurations. We show that the hardware-aware scheduling can perform 12.8% faster, while saving 21% more power than hardware oblivious scheduling for the studied applications.
Computer puppetry (2001)

Computer puppetry maps the movements of a performer to an animated character in real-time. In this article, we provide a comprehensive solution to the problem of transferring the observations of the motion capture sensors to an animated character whose size and proportion may be different from the performer's. Our goal is to map as many of the important aspects of the motion to the target character as possible, while meeting the online, real-time demands of computer puppetry. We adopt a Kalman filter scheme that addresses motion capture noise issues in this setting. We provide the notion of dynamic importance of an end-effector that allows us to determine what aspects of the performance must be kept in the resulting motion. We introduce a novel inverse kinematics solver that realizes these important aspects within tight real-time constraints. Our approach is demonstrated by its application to broadcast television performances.
Trapping Effects of Green and Black Tea Extracts on Peroxidation-Derived Carbonyl Substances of Seal Blubber Oil (2009)

Green and black tea extracts were employed to stabilize seal blubber oil at 60 degrees C for 140 h. On the basis of the headspace SPME-GC-MS analysis, with the addition of green/black tea extracts, the contents of acetaldehyde, acrolein, malondialdehyde, and propanal, four major lipid peroxidation products, were reduced. The inhibition rates of acrolein formation by green tea and black tea extracts were 98.40 and 96.41% respectively, and were 99.17 and 98.16% for malondialdehyde, respectively, much higher than the inhibition of the formation of acetaldehyde and propanal. Because malondialdehyde and acrolein are reactive carbonyl species (RCS) and recent studies have suggested that phenolics can directly trap RCS, this study also investigated whether green tea polyphenols can trap acrolein or not. Acrolein was reduced by 90.30% in 3 h of incubation with (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Subsequent LC-MS analysis revealed the formation of new adducts of equal molars of acrolein and EGCG. The reaction site for acrolein was elucidated to be the A ring of EGCG as evidenced by LC-MS/MS analysis and by testing of the acrolein-trapping capacities of the analogous individual A, B, and C rings of EGCG. Thus, EGCG's direct trapping of RCS may also contribute to the significant reduction of acrolein and other aldehydes in the peroxidation of seal blubber oil.