gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipase-Catalyzed Polyester Synthesis (1996)

Abstract The use of lipase as biocatalyst in polyesterification of aliphatic diacids or their derivatives, and diols in an organic solvent has been discussed. We have demonstrated that bis(2-chloroethyl) esters of succinic, fumaric, and maleic acid, and bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) sebacate and -dodecanedioate can be polymerized by lipase-catalyzed polytransesterification. Maleate was isomerized to fumarate even under mild reaction conditions, resulting in poly(1,4-butyl fumarate). In order to obtain a high mass-average molar mass of the polyester, solid Mucor miehei lipase was found to be the best lipase and diphenyl ether the best solvent of several investigated. There was no clear relationship with the log P value of the solvent and the polyesterification activity of lipase. The highest degree of polymerization (DP = 184) of poly(1,4-butyl sebacate) with a mass-average molar mass of 46,600 g·mol−1 was obtained in polytransesterification of bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) sebacate and 1,4-butanediol using a programmed vacuum profile. However, a mass-average molar mass as high as about 42,000 g·mol−1 (DP = 167) was also obtained with free sebacic acid when vacuum was employed to remove the water formed during esterification. The mass average molar mass of the polyester increased with an increase in the relative quantity of lipase up to 1 g per 1.5 mmol of diacid, with an increase in the molar mass of the aliphatic diol up to 1,5-pentanediol, and with an increase in the concentration of substrates up to 0.83 M. Key Words: Aliphatic diolsDiphenyl etherLipasePoly(1,4-Butyl sebacate)PolyesterPolyesterificationPolytransesterificationSebacic acid
Thermal diffusivity and structural relaxation in a supercooled liquid by a holographic grating technique (1996)

The decay of a spatial transient temperature grating created within the molecular glass former phenolphthalein-dimethylether (PDE) relates to the hydrodynamic heat diffusion and the dynamics of local density fluctuations. The characteristics of the latter process agree well with the structural α relaxation observed by photon correlation and dielectric spectroscopy near and above the glass transition temperature Tg. When the α-relaxation time approaches the experimental timescale set-in by the thermal diffusivity the specific heat undergoes a dispersion. In either side of this dynamic regime, heat diffusion and α relaxation are independent modes. ‘‘Two fluid’’ models of the vitreous state conform to the experimental observations.
From rags to riches – creating and benefiting from thefashion own‐brand (1995)

The UK retail fashion sector has been metamorphosed in the past decade with the emergence of new UK players, increased foreign participation and the reformulation of image, and buying strategies by the established fashion retailers. In a market characterized by produce with little generic differentiation, the fashion own‐brand has emerged as the cornerstone of the marketing strategies of the major retail fashion players. Involving representatives of 11 major UK fashion retail companies, seeks to identify the mechanisms by which own‐brands are created and maintained. Key ingredients identified include a sound customer knowledge, the development of an own‐brand image representing a discernible array of lifestyle images through brand advertising and promotion. Also recognizes a cluster of important retailer benefits attributable to own‐branding. Concludes with the assertion that own‐branding is likely to remain a key aspect of the UK fashion market, and questions the future for manufacturer fashion brands.
An Investigation of Laser-Supported Detonation Waves (1973)

ED SURFACES TO 4.5 X 10 TO THE 7TH POWER WATTS/SQ CM FOR SILICA AT STANDARD ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE. Such a detonation wave is found to change features late in the laser pulse becoming a subsonic absorption wave with a long luminous column of plasma filling the laser beam. Time-resolved interferometry with an argon laser and interferograms with a pulsed ruby laser show the ignition, growth, and decay of both the detonation wave itself and of the radial shock waves which are produced. Spectroscopic studies have been made showing both time-integrated and time-resolved temperatures. These measurements indicate the radial and time-dependence of the shock waves on the target surface. Theoretical calculations of the propagation of subsonic laser- supported combustion waves have been performed using analytical techniques and approximations to thermodynamic and transport properties of air.
Selective Carbonylation of Dimethyl Ether to Methyl Acetate Catalyzed by Acidic Zeolites (2006)

A simpler way: Acidic zeolites catalyze dimethyl ether carbonylation to methyl acetate at low temperatures with high selectivity and catalyst stability. This approach provides a halide-free heterogeneous catalytic route to acetic acid and methyl acetate.
Novobiocin Analogues That Inhibit the MAPK Pathway (2016)

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibition by modulation of its N- or C-terminal binding site has become an attractive strategy for the development of anticancer chemotherapeutics. The first Hsp90 C-terminus inhibitor, novobiocin, manifested a relatively high IC50 value of ∼700 μM. Therefore, investigation of the novobiocin scaffold has led to analogues with improved antiproliferative activity (nanomolar concentrations) against several cancer cell lines. During these studies, novobiocin analogues that do not inhibit Hsp90 were identified; however, these analogues demonstrated potent antiproliferative activity. Compound 2, a novobiocin analogue, was identified as a MAPK pathway signaling disruptor that lacked Hsp90 inhibitory activity. In addition, structural modifications of compound 2 were identified that segregated Hsp90 inhibition from MAPK signaling disruption. These studies indicate that compound 2 represents a novel scaffold for disruption of MAPK pathway signaling and may serve as a useful structure for the generation of new anticancer agents.
Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Patients with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (1997)

Until recently, long-term regimens consisting of daily intravenous infusions of ganciclovir or foscarnet were the only available treatments for patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, a sight-threatening complication that affects approximately one third of patients in the United States with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).1,2 In the past three years, the results of 11 randomized clinical trials of four new treatments for AIDS-related CMV retinitis have been reported.313 Thus, there are now new therapies from which clinicians can choose.Incidence and Natural History of CMV RetinitisCMV end-organ disease has emerged as one of the most common serious complications . . .
The use of Bayesian networks to support context aware mobile devices. (2006)

Mobile communications technology has increasingly become integrated into modern day life and the rate of this integration is growing rapidly. However, many mobile devices including personal digital assistants (PDA) and mobile phones are predominantly passive, lacking a facility for automated information handling. For example, a mobile phone cannot automatically detect a user's context and react to support that situation. In this thesis, we present a context aware system that automatically detects mobile users' activity context through information gathered from a mobile phone. The thesis contains two main contributions: the development of the context prediction model and the implementation of a context aware system. The development of the context prediction model involves the use of Bayesian networks to solve the uncertainty regarding a user current activity, along with the prediction of possible future activities. A Bayesian probabilistic network is a comprehensive probabilistic computational framework for reasoning under conditions of uncertainty. In this research, we utilise Bayesian networks as a modelling tool to support context reasoning and activity prediction within the context aware domain. A further contribution of this work is the development of a real world context aware system based upon our above theoretical contribution. A Sony Ericsson P910i mobile phone alongside a context aware engine server has been implemented to demonstrate the theoretical principles. The mobile phone is used to capture contextual information from a user and interact with the context engine server. Using a probabilistic approach and uncertainty metric, the Bayesian context prediction network (which is located on the context engine server) predicts a user's likely activity, and contextual information is provided to the user via their mobile phone. A dataset of real-life user activities has been collected to evaluate the accuracy of the predicted activities. The results of the evaluation demonstrated encouraging levels of accuracy for this approach.
DuraLith Alkali-Aluminosilicate Geopolymer Waste Form Testing for Hanford Secondary Waste (2011)

The primary objective of the work reported here was to develop additional information regarding the DuraLith alkali aluminosilicate geopolymer as a waste form for liquid secondary waste to support selection of a final waste form for the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant secondary liquid wastes to be disposed in the Integrated Disposal Facility on the Hanford Site. Testing focused on optimizing waste loading, improving waste form performance, and evaluating the robustness of the waste form with respect to waste variability.
The spreading of a non-isothermal liquid droplet (1999)

The effect of the slip coefficient and the mobility capillary number on the spreading of a thin axisymmetric liquid droplet with uniform heating/cooling of the solid surface is examined. The results show that increasing the slip coefficient reduces the spreading/shrinking behavior of the droplet and that the final equilibrium states are slip dependent. These results are explained by the development of a return flow inside the droplet. We show how a speed-dependent slip coefficient can be used to remove the dependence of the final state on the slip coefficient. It is also shown that increasing the mobility capillary number decreases the spreading/shrinking rate of the droplet. For thermocapillary-driven droplets, there is a capillary-number-dependent time delay for the onset of motion. The entire effect of the mobility capillary number on the spreading process is explained in terms of the deformability of the free surface.
Linearized Field Theory of a Smith–Purcell Traveling Wave Tube (2004)

A linearized field theory of a grating-coupled Smith-Purcell traveling-wave tube (TWT) is presented. The configuration describes the propagation of a magnetized, sheet electron beam through a parallel-plate waveguide in which two opposing faces of the waveguide consists of either 1) a pair of identical diffraction gratings (referred to as a double-sided configuration) or 2) a diffraction grating along one face and a flat plate along the opposing face (referred to as a single-sided configuration). This is a two-dimensional formulation since we assume the configuration is uniform in the direction parallel to the slots in the grating. For each of these configurations, we derive the linearized dispersion equations for the vacuum structures and the wave-particle interaction in both the infinitely strong magnetic field limit and for an arbitrary (solenoidal) magnetic field. A discussion of the extraction efficiency based on phase-trapping arguments is also presented. An example of a W-band Smith-Purcell TWT is discussed.
Radioligand assay for gonadotropin-releasing hormone: relative potencies of agonists and antagonists. (1980)

A radioligand assay employing tritiated gonadotropin-releasing hormone, [3H-Pro9]GnRH or [3H-pGlu1]GnRH is used to investigate the binding of GnRH, its agonists, and its antagonists to male rat anterior pituitary homogenates. The tritiated GnRH purified by high pressure liquid chromatography and stored in 10 mM HOAc is stable for binding for at least 14 weeks. It is found that there is at least one high affinity site with an observed Kd of congruent to 2 nM and another low affinity site whose Kd is congruent to 1 microM. Only approximately 25% of the total specific binding is to the low affinity site. At room temperature, the binding is reduced to 50% of that at 0 C, and at 37 C, there is no measurable binding. Bacitracin has no effect on the binding at any temperature. Maximum binding occurs between pH 7.5--8.5. Quantitative relative binding potencies of several agonists and antagonists are given. These potencies closely parallel their biological potencies, but all antagonists have higher absolute binding affinities when compared to their potencies to inhibit GnRH-mediated LH secretion in vitro.
Genomic Drug Discovery for Apoptosis Regulation Using a New Computer Screening Amino Acid Complement Wave Method (2004)

A novel caspase-3-specific inhibitory peptide and an agonistic peptide that binds to the Fas molecule were discovered using our computer screening strategy called the amino acid complement wave (ACW) method, which is based on the complementarities of interacting amino acids between comprehensive testing peptides and a target protein surface pocket. The precise binding configurations of the designed peptides on the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the target protein and the prediction of binding affinities (DeltaG) are determined by the molecular docking program. A designed novel tetrapeptide inhibitor of caspase-3, Ac-DNLD-CHO, was revealed to have potent and specific inhibitory activity. When a designed Fas ligand mimic peptide (Fas reactive peptide-4, FRAP-4) was multimerized by carboxyl terminal linkages of polylysine branches (MAP), the octamer (FRAP-4)(8)-MAP effectively induced apoptosis of human ovarian cancer cell line NOS4 cells. Thus the ACW method for structure-based design of optimized small peptides can be used to further develop small peptidomimetic and nonpeptidic organic forms into a new generation of effective pharmaceuticals.
K-pulse for a thin circular loop (1985)

Based on the pole-elimination concept, a time-limited input waveform, the K-pulse, is obtained for a thin conducting circular loop. The resultant response waveforms are also found to be time-limited (TL). Therefore, by employing the K-pulse input waveform, the resonant ringing associated with the circular loop has been eliminated. The concept and procedure for deriving the K-pulse are discussed.
Changes in Resting Neural Connectivity during Propofol Sedation (2010)

This neuroanatomical signature resembles that of non-REM sleep, and may be evidence for a system that reduces its discriminable states and switches into more stereotypic patterns of firing under sedation.
Fission yeast decaprenyl diphosphate synthase consists of Dps1 and the newly characterized Dlp1 protein in a novel heterotetrameric structure (2003)

The analysis of the structure and function of long chain-producing polyprenyl diphosphate synthase, which synthesizes the side chain of ubiquinone, has largely focused on the prokaryotic enzymes, and little is known about the eukaryotic counterparts. Here we show that decaprenyl diphosphate synthase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe is comprised of a novel protein named Dlp1 acting in partnership with Dps1. Dps1 is highly homologous to other prenyl diphosphate synthases but Dlp1 shares only weak homology with Dps1. We showed that the two proteins must be present simultaneously in Escherichia coli transformants before ubiquinone-10, which is produced by S. pombe but not by E. coli, is generated. Furthermore, the two proteins were shown to form a heterotetrameric complex. This is unlike the prokaryotic counterparts, which are homodimers. The deletion mutant of dlp1 lacked the enzymatic activity of decaprenyl diphosphate synthase, did not produce ubiquinone-10 and had the typical ubiquinone-deficient S. pombe phenotypes, namely hypersensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, the need for antioxidants for growth on minimal medium and an elevated production of H2S. Both the dps1 (formerly dps) and dlp1 mutants could generate ubiquinone when they were transformed with a bacterial decaprenyl diphosphate synthase, which functions in its host as a homodimer. This indicates that both dps1 and dlp1 are required for the S. pombe enzymatic activity. Thus, decaprenyl diphosphate from a eukaryotic origin has a heterotetrameric structure that is not found in prokaryotes.
[Report of a case of congenital plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency]. (2004)

It is the first patient with congenital PAI-1 deficiency reported in China. The PAI-1 deficiency in the patient may be caused by compound heterozygosity, one of which is the G to A transition at nt43, a new mutation in congenital PAI-1 deficiency.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoisomerization Dynamics of Stilbenes (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Time migration decomposition: A tool for velocity determination (1996)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1996Time migration decomposition: A tool for velocity determinationAuthors: Walter SöllnerWalter SöllnerFederal University of Pará, Brazilhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1826303 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1826303FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1996ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1996 Pages: 2106 publication data© 1996 Copyright © 1996 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Walter Söllner, (1996), "Time migration decomposition: A tool for velocity determination," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1172-1175. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1826303 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Energy-aware placement of VMs in a datacenter (2013)

In the recent years many applications were moved to Cloud and the Cloud computing became more popular. For being able to satisfy all the clients resource demands, the Cloud service providers are continuously increasing their data centers. The recent studies has shown that a data center can be very costly due to the energy power consumption so the cloud service providers may have issues in cost recovering. In this paper we propose a framework that aims to reduce the energy consumption of a data center. There are many resources that are not used at their maximum capacity or even worst, there are many resources that are not used at all. This research objective is to migrate some resources between different data centers in order to turn off some hosts that are not used. The cost can be reduced significantly if some hosts are turned off.
Synthesis of Steroid 'Antedrugs' for Evaluation as Safe Treatments for Asthma: Practical Synthesis of the Inhaled Steroid GR250495X (2002)

The inhaled steroid antedrug candidate GR250495X was discovered at Glaxo Wellcome for the treatment of asthma. In order to fully evaluate the clinical potential of GR250495X an efficient synthesis of the drug candidate was required. Herein is described the development of an efficient and robust synthesis in which the key step is the coupling of 2(S)-mercapto-γ-butyrolactone (19) with the steroid acid (15).
Evolution of networks with aging of sites (2000)

We study the growth of a network with aging of sites. Each new site of the network is connected to some old site with probability proportional (i) to the connectivity of the old site as in the Barabasi-Albert's model and (ii) to tau(-alpha), where tau is the age of the old site. We find both from simulation and analytically that the network shows scaling behavior only in the region alpha<1. When alpha increases from -infinity to 0, the exponent gamma of the distribution of connectivities [P(k) approximately k(-gamma) for large k] grows from 2 to the value for the network without aging. The ensuing increase of alpha to 1 causes gamma to grow to infinity. For alpha>1, the distribution P(k) is exponentional.
Voltammetric Responses of Surface-Bound and Solution-Phase Anthraquinone Moieties in the Presence of Unbuffered Aqueous Media (2010)

The voltammetry of solution-phase redox species involving proton transfer are known to be qualitatively altered under conditions of nonbuffered media (Quan, M. et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 12847−12856). We now report first the voltammetric response of solution-phase anthraquinone monosulphonate on a gold macroelectrode in the presence of a limited concentrations of protons; further we provide quantitative analysis of the voltammetry under unbuffered conditions whereby it is possible to demonstrate through simulation that in some conditions the pH at the electrode may alter by up to 5−6 pH units as compared to that of the bulk solution. This change in local environment adjacent to the electrode is caused by the consumption of protons during the electrochemical process. As a result, in conditions of low buffering the electrochemical reduction is limited by the availability of protons, leading to a measured voltammetric signal with two voltammetric waves. Second the work is developed through the study of an anthraquinone modified pyrolytic graphite electrode under conditions of finite proton concentration. We demonstrate experimentally how analogous split wave results occur for surface confined species. These results provide physical insight into the consumption of protons during the electrochemical process and highlight how methods of pH measurement based upon the use of redox modified electrode surfaces are nonpassive.
Design of software security detection system based on system call sequences (2010)

The sequences of system calls can indicate the running behavior feature of application software, so it can be used in software security detection. In this paper, by researching and analyzing system call sequences in the process of software execution, a software security detection system based on system call sequences is designed. Basic system call sequences are mined by association rules, and then they are transformed to equivalent call sequence set to build knowledge base for software security detection. The experiment shows detection capability of the detection system is better by sufficient training data.
Die Wachstumsformen von Einkristallhalbkugeln bei der thermischen Zersetzung von Molybdän‐ und Wolframhalogeniden (1967)

Abstract An Einkristall‐Halbkugeln von Molybdän und Wolfram wurde durch thermische Zersetzung von Chloriden und Bromiden die Anfangswachstumsform bestimmt. Unter Versuchsbedingungen, bei denen nur {110} zur Gleichgewichtsform gehört, wachsen die {110}‐Flächen makroskopisch glatt, während {100}, {211} und {111} durch mit {110}‐Flächen begrenzte Subindividuen vergröbern. Bei höheren Übersättigungen gehört auch {100} zur Gleichgewichtsform, so daß {100} makroskopisch glatt wird und {100} ebenfalls an Subindividuen erscheint. Die Ausbildung der glatten und der vergröberten Flächen variiert mit dem Zersetzungssystem sowie der Abscheidungstemperatur. Die Erscheinungen hängen von der Lage des Reaktionsgleichgewichts ab und werden auf einen Einfluß der Adsorption der Halogenidkomponente zurückgeführt.
Activation of the type I interferon system in primary Sjögren's syndrome: A possible etiopathogenic mechanism (2005)

Patients with primary SS have an activated type I IFN system. Although virus may initiate the production of IFN, the continued IFNalpha synthesis is caused by RNA-containing immune complexes that activate PDCs to prolong IFNalpha production at the tissue level. This IFNalpha promotes the autoimmune process by a vicious circle-like mechanism, with increased autoantibody production and formation of more endogenous IFNalpha inducers.