gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell immunity is maintained at 6 months following primary infection (2020)

Abstract The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is critical in both controlling primary infection and preventing re-infection. However, there is concern that immune responses following natural infection may not be sustained and that this may predispose to recurrent infection. We analysed the magnitude and phenotype of the SARS-CoV-2 cellular immune response in 100 donors at six months following primary infection and related this to the profile of antibody level against spike, nucleoprotein and RBD over the previous six months. T-cell immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 were present by ELISPOT and/or ICS analysis in all donors and are characterised by predominant CD4+ T cell responses with strong IL-2 cytokine expression. Median T-cell responses were 50% higher in donors who had experienced an initial symptomatic infection indicating that the severity of primary infection establishes a ‘setpoint’ for cellular immunity that lasts for at least 6 months. The T-cell responses to both spike and nucleoprotein/membrane proteins were strongly correlated with the peak antibody level against each protein. The rate of decline in antibody level varied between individuals and higher levels of nucleoprotein-specific T cells were associated with preservation of NP-specific antibody level although no such correlation was observed in relation to spike-specific responses. In conclusion, our data are reassuring that functional SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses are retained at six months following infection although the magnitude of this response is related to the clinical features of primary infection.
Celastrol and an EGCG pro-drug exhibit potent chemosensitizing activity in human leukemia cells (2010)

Chemotherapy remains the staple of treatment for many types of leukemia. Despite the positive impact on extending overall survival in patients with hematological malignancies, new treatment strategies are needed to reduce the nonspecific toxicity and improve the efficacy of treatment. Celastrol, derived from the 'Thunder God Vine' and Pro-EGCG, a pre-drug version of green tea polyphenol EGCG have shown potent biological activity in vitro and in vivo. Whether these natural products augment the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy in the treatment of leukemia cells has yet to be demonstrated. Here we demonstrate that these natural products could sensitize the effect of chemotherapy in both K-562 and Jurkat T human leukemia cells. Accordingly, this potent biological activity was associated with increased levels of leukemia cell killing, caspase 3 activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Furthermore, the higher levels of apoptotic indices were associated with decreased levels of Bcr-Abl oncoprotein in K-562 cells. Taken together, our findings present a compelling rationale for the development of combination strategies using natural products in the treatment of hematological malignancies.
One-electron reduction of nitrobenzenes by .alpha.-hydroxyalkyl radicals via addition/elimination. An example of an organic inner-sphere electron-transfer reaction (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOne-electron reduction of nitrobenzenes by .alpha.-hydroxyalkyl radicals via addition/elimination. An example of an organic inner-sphere electron-transfer reactionV. Jagannadham and S. SteenkenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 22, 6542–6551Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00334a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00334a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views537Altmetric-Citations99LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Plasmid-mediated gene therapy for cardiovascular disease (2011)

Gene transfer within the cardiovascular system was first demonstrated in 1989 yet, despite extensive basic-science and clinical research, unequivocal benefit in the clinical setting remains to be demonstrated. Potential reasons for this include the fact that recombinant viral vectors, used in the majority of clinical studies, have inherent problems with immunogenicity that are difficult to circumvent. Attention has turned therefore to plasmid vectors, which possess many advantages over viruses in terms of safety and ease of use, and many clinical studies have now been performed using non-viral technology. This review will provide an overview of clinical trials for cardiovascular disease using plasmid vectors, recent developments in plasmid delivery and design, and potential directions for this modality of gene therapy.
A PSO-based Mobile Sensor Network for Odor Source Localization in Dynamic Environment: Theory, Simulation and Measurement (2006)

This paper presents a problem of odor source localization in a dynamic environment, which means the odor distribution is changing over time. Most work on chemical sensing with mobile robots assume an experimental setup that minimizes the influence of turbulent transport by either minimizing the source-to-sensor distance in trail following or by assuming a strong unidirectional air stream in the environment, including our previous work. However, not much attention has been paid to the natural environment problem. Modification Particle Swarm Optimization is a well-known algorithm, which can continuously track a changing optimum over time. PSO can be improved or adapted by incorporating the change detection and responding mechanisms for solving dynamic problems. Charged PSO, which is another extension of the PSO, has also been applied to solve dynamic problems. Odor source localization is an interesting application in dynamic problems. We will adopt two types of PSO modification concepts to develop a new algorithm in order to control autonomous vehicles. Before applying the algorithm for real implementation, some important hardware conditions must be considered. Firstly, to reduce the possibility of robots leaving the search space, a limit to the value of velocity vector is needed. The value of vector velocity can be clamped to the range [-V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</inf> , V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</inf> ]; in our case for the MK-01 Robot, the maximum velocity is 0.05 m/s. Secondly, in the standard PSO algorithm there is no collision avoidance mechanism. To avoid the collision among robot we add some collision avoidance functions.
Fucofullerenes as tight ligands of RSL and LecB, two bacterial lectins (2015)

A series of water-soluble glycofullerenes containing up to 24 fucose residues have been prepared. These compounds were tested against the two bacterial fucose-binding lectins LecB and RSL, and C60(E)12 bearing 24 fucose residues appeared to be the best known inhibitor of both lectins to date. We have shown that increasing both the valency and the length of the spacer between the central core and the peripheral sugars can be beneficial for the affinity.
Transition Metal‐Catalysed, Direct and Site‐Selective N1‐, C2‐ or C3‐Arylation of the Indole Nucleus: 20 Years of Improvements (2009)

Abstract magnified image The direct and site‐selective transition metal‐catalysed N1‐, C2‐ or C3‐arylations of indoles have been the subject of almost continuous improvements since their discovery in early 1980s. This research area is mainly motivated by the biological relevance of this class of compounds in order to propose catalytic alternative syntheses to the well known methodologies involving the formation of the indole ring like the Fischer, Larock, Cacchi, Lautens etc. reactions. Since the late 1990s it has experienced new impulses related to the intensive development of catalytic CH activation. Today, through the intensive studies of Buchwald and Hartwig, the N1‐arylation of indoles has reached sufficient maturity for both academic and industrial applications. On the other hand, the selective C2‐ or C3‐arylation of indoles, initiated by Ohta in the middle 1980s, has become a hot research area these last years following the reports of Sames. Surprisingly, only few reports concern the use of heterogeneous catalysts; however, the application of these emerging methodologies seems to be related to the discovery of industrially attractive systems.
Compact wavelength multiplexer using optical-fiber pieces (1980)

The optical-wavelength-division multiplexer reported here is composed of three multimode fiber pieces with dielectric multilayers evaporated on the ends of the fibers, which have been polished obliquely or squarely. The working faces of these fibers are bonded together in a crossed V groove to duplex two wavelengths (lambda = 0.82 and 1.2 microm). The far ends of the joined fiber pieces are left intact for splicing with fiber cables or are terminated with connector ferrules for connection. The multiplexer is small (1 cm square) and lightweight (1.5-3 g). It also shows low insertion loss (1 dB) and cross-talk level (below -40 dB). We have estimated that the cost of this type of component can be reduced to I order of magnitude lower than that of conventional lens and mirror types.
Path Planning for Complete and Efficient Coverage Operation of Mobile Robots (2007)

This paper presents a complete and efficient coverage path planning method for mobile robots. Its applications include robots for de-mining, cleaning, painting and so on. When a mobile robot performs area coverage task, completeness and efficiency of coverage are important factors. To achieve completeness easily, we adopt a divide and conquer strategy. We developed a novel cell decomposition algorithm that divides a given area into several cells. To achieve efficiency, each cell is covered by a robot motion that requires minimum time to cover the cell. The effectiveness of the method is verified using simulations.
Navigation Training Simulators (1972)

Honeywell is currently designing and manufacturing the Undergraduate Navigator Training System (UNTS) for the U.S. Air Force Aeronautical Systems Division and the Air Training Command. This paper describes the design and human factors philosophy of the UNTS, an all-digital trainer that simulates a complete array of air navigation instruments. The discussion emphasizes in particular the training objectives to be met and how the trainer is designed to meet these objectives, and the simulation concepts employed to activate the navigation instruments.
One-step Conversion of CO32−LDH (Layered Double Hydroxide) into Anion-exchangeable LDHs Using an Acetate-buffer/Salt Method (2010)

Abstract By carrying out decarbonation of CO32−-type MgAl-LDH (layered double hydroxide) using an acetate-buffer/salt solution under N2 flow, CO32−LDH was successfully converted into ClO4− and NO3−LDHs, which contain only a little residual CO32−, in one step under mild conditions. Due to the superior anion-exchangeability, they serve as suitable intermediates for the preparation of LDH hybrids.
Financing Innovation: Markets and the Structure of Risk. (2004)

Over the past two decades, Australia has failed to build significant positions in the technological revolution that has transformed the global economy. In high-tech industries such as software and electronics Australia has been left behind, and in emerging sectors such as biotechnology, it threatens to be.\n\nThere is no intrinsic reason for Australia's poor innovation performance. Australia is not less entrepreneurial than other developed countries or less scientifically creative. We have the human and financial resources. The challenge is to ensure policy settings provide the right incentives to encourage and develop frontier technologies such as biotechnology and nanotechnology, as well as ensuring the diffusion and upgrading of new technologies within established industries.\n\nThe CEDA report contains analysis of Australia's recent innovation performance by a group of leading innovation experts. \n\nThe report argues that an effective national innovation system plays a central role in enhancing competitive capability. If current weaknesses in Australia's innovation track record are not addressed, our future economic development will be seriously impeded.
N-glycosylation in sugarcane (2001)

The N-linked glycosylation of secretory and membrane proteins is the most complex posttranslational modification known to occur in eukaryotic cells. It has been shown to play critical roles in modulating protein function. Although this important biological process has been extensively studied in mammals, much less is known about this biosynthetic pathway in plants. The enzymes involved in plant N-glycan biosynthesis and processing are still not well defined and the mechanism of their genetic regulation is almost completely unknown. In this paper we describe our first attempt to understand the N-linked glycosylation mechanism in a plant species by using the data generated by the Sugarcane Expressed Sequence Tag (SUCEST) project. The SUCEST database was mined for sugarcane gene products potentially involved in the N-glycosylation pathway. This approach has led to the identification and functional assignment of 90 expressed sequence tag (EST) clusters sharing significant sequence similarity with the enzymes involved in N-glycan biosynthesis and processing. The ESTs identified were also analyzed to establish their relative abundance.
Activin at parturition: changes of maternal serum levels and evidence for binding sites in placenta and fetal membranes. (1994)

The present studies indicate that vaginal or cesarean delivery following spontaneous labor is characterized by increased activin A levels and that activin receptors are present on trophoblast and fetal membranes.
The Effect of Low-Back Pain on Lumbar Spinal Movements Measured by Three-Dimensional X-Ray Analysis (1985)

Back pain patients have restricted spinal movements, and the pattern of disturbance from normal movements may indicate the pathology and the functioning of the lumbar spine. Biplanar radiography was used to measure the three-dimensional intervertebral movements of patients with back pain alone and with back pain plus nerve tension signs demonstrated by restricted straight leg raise. Statistically significant decreases in flexion/extension compared with a normal control group were demonstrated for both groups. Accompanying coupled movements were increased only in those patients without nerve tension signs indicating asymmetrical muscle action, while those with tension signs had symmetric splinting particularly of the lower levels. Conservative treatments had no effect either clinically or on the movements. Caudal epidural injections produced clinical improvement and increased movements demonstrating relaxation of muscle splinting. Biplanar radiography, although capable of differentiating between the groups was not able to provide clinically useful information concerning individual patients with this type of back pain.
Experimental validation of deuterium oxide—mediated antitumoral activity as it relates to apoptosis in murine malignant astrocytoma cells (2002)

The authors found that D2O is cytotoxic to malignant astrocytoma cells. The mechanism of D2O-mediated cytotoxicity involved the induction of apoptosis and cell accumulation during the G2/M phase. This D2O-induced apoptosis is modulated through the caspase activation pathway.
Chloroquine inhibits glutamate‐induced death of a neuronal cell line by reducing reactive oxygen species through sigma‐1 receptor (2011)

Chloroquine, a widely used anti-malarial and anti-rheumatoid agent, has been reported to induce apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death. Accumulating evidence now suggests that chloroquine can sensitize cancer cells to cell death and augment chemotherapy-induced apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy. However, chloroquine is reported to induce GM1 ganglioside accumulation in cultured cells at low μM concentrations and prevent damage to the blood brain barrier in mice. It remains unknown whether chloroquine has neuroprotective properties at concentrations below its reported ability to inhibit lysosomal enzymes and autophagy. In the present study, we demonstrated that chloroquine protected mouse hippocampal HT22 cells from glutamate-induced oxidative stress by attenuating production of excess reactive oxygen species. The concentration of chloroquine required to rescue HT22 cells from oxidative stress was much lower than that sufficient enough to induce cell death and inhibit autophagy. Chloroquine increased GM1 level in HT22 cells at low μM concentrations but glutamate-induced cell death occurred before GM1 accumulation, suggesting that GM1 induction is not related to the protective effect of chloroquine against glutamate-induced cell death. Interestingly, BD1047 and NE-100, sigma-1 receptor antagonists, abrogated the protective effect of chloroquine against glutamate-induced cell death and reactive oxygen species production. In addition, cutamesine (SA4503), a sigma-1 receptor agonist, prevented both glutamate-induced cell death and reactive oxygen species production. These findings indicate that chloroquine at concentrations below its ability to inhibit autophagy and induce cell death is able to rescue HT22 cells from glutamate-induced cell death by reducing excessive production of reactive oxygen species through sigma-1 receptors. These results suggest potential use of chloroquine, an established anti-malarial agent, as a neuroprotectant against oxidative stress, which occurs in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases.
Two-Dimensional Aggregation of a Long-Chain Thiacarbocyanine Dye Monolayer on Polyanion Subphases (1996)

Two-dimensional aggregation of a long-chain thiacarbocyanine dye 5,5‘-dichloro-3,3‘-dioctadecyl-9-ethylthiacarbocyanine perchlorate in the monolayers on subphases containing different synthetic polyanions were studied. The aggregation process of the dye in the monolayers was followed by the in situ measurement of the absorption spectra of the monolayers. Two J aggregates were observed at 648 and 666 nm in the monolayer on a plain water surface at all the surface pressures. On the subphase containing poly(acrylic acid), sodium (PAA), and poly(vinyl sulfonic acid), potassium salt (PVS) subphases, the J aggregates were formed at relative high surface pressures (15 and 17.5 mN/m, respectively). On the PVS subphase, an H aggregate at 472 nm was also observed at higher surface pressure (>40 mN/m). On the poly(styrenesulfonic acid), sodium salt (PSS) subphase, neither J nor H aggregates were observed even at higher surface pressures. Models were proposed to explain these interactions between the positively charged dye monolayers and polyanions.
Suggestive evidence for association of the circadian genes <i>PERIOD3</i> and <i>ARNTL</i> with bipolar disorder (2006)

Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) is suspected to arise in part from malfunctions of the circadian system, a system that enables adaptation to a daily and seasonally cycling environment. Genetic variations altering functions of genes involved with the input to the circadian clock, in the molecular feedback loops constituting the circadian oscillatory mechanism itself, or in the regulatory output systems could influence BPAD as a result. Several human circadian system genes have been identified and localized recently, and a comparison with linkage hotspots for BPAD has revealed some correspondences. We have assessed evidence for linkage and association involving polymorphisms in 10 circadian clock genes (ARNTL, CLOCK, CRY2, CSNK1epsilon, DBP, GSK3beta, NPAS2, PER1, PER2, and PER3) to BPAD. Linkage analysis in 52 affected families showed suggestive evidence for linkage to CSNK1epsilon. This finding was not substantiated in the association study. Fifty-two SNPs in 10 clock genes were genotyped in 185 parent proband triads. Single SNP TDT analyses showed no evidence for association to BPAD. However, more powerful haplotype analyses suggest two candidates deserving further studies. Haplotypes in ARNTL and PER3 were found to be significantly associated with BPAD via single-gene permutation tests (PG = 0.025 and 0.008, respectively). The most suggestive haplotypes in PER3 showed a Bonferroni-corrected P-value of PGC = 0.07. These two genes have previously been implicated in circadian rhythm sleep disorders and affective disorders. With correction for the number of genes considered and tests conducted, these data do not provide statistically significant evidence for association. However, the trends for ARNTL and PER3 are suggestive of their involvement in bipolar disorder and warrant further study in a larger sample.
Molecular Background of Leak K<sup>+</sup>Currents: Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channels (2010)

Two-pore domain K(+) (K(2P)) channels give rise to leak (also called background) K(+) currents. The well-known role of background K(+) currents is to stabilize the negative resting membrane potential and counterbalance depolarization. However, it has become apparent in the past decade (during the detailed examination of the cloned and corresponding native K(2P) channel types) that this primary hyperpolarizing action is not performed passively. The K(2P) channels are regulated by a wide variety of voltage-independent factors. Basic physicochemical parameters (e.g., pH, temperature, membrane stretch) and also several intracellular signaling pathways substantially and specifically modulate the different members of the six K(2P) channel subfamilies (TWIK, TREK, TASK, TALK, THIK, and TRESK). The deep implication in diverse physiological processes, the circumscribed expression pattern of the different channels, and the interesting pharmacological profile brought the K(2P) channel family into the spotlight. In this review, we focus on the physiological roles of K(2P) channels in the most extensively investigated cell types, with special emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of channel regulation.
Shot noise limited heterodyne detection of CARS signals (2007)

We demonstrate heterodyne detection of CARS signals using a cascaded phase-preserving chain to generate the CARS input wavelengths and a coherent local oscillator. The heterodyne amplification by the local oscillator reveals a window for shot noise limited detection before the signal-to-noise is limited by amplitude fluctuations. We demonstrate an improvement in sensitivity by more than 3 orders of magnitude for detection using a photodiode. This will enable CARS microscopy to reveal concentrations below the current mMolar range.
High-speed picosecond pulse generation in semiconductor lasers with incoherent optical feedback: erratum (1992)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Kenju Otsuka and Jyh-Long Chern, "High-speed picosecond pulse generation in semiconductor lasers with incoherent optical feedback: erratum," Opt. Lett. 17, 763-763 (1992) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article