gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of pepsin pretreatment of herbage on the prediction of dry matter digestibility from solubility in fungal cellulase solutions (1975)

Abstract Cellulase preparations from different fungi differed markedly in their ability to solubilise herbage and cellulose; T. viride cellulase was the most active, solubilising 70% of cellulose paper in 24 h. The correlation of cellulase solubility with the in vivo and in vitro dry matter digestibility of grasses, and with the in vitro digestibility of legumes was markedly improved by pretreatment of the herbage with acid pepsin. Using the two stage technique, closely similar regression lines were obtained for predicting the in vitro digestibility of both grasses and legumes. Use of the pepsin treatment also enabled a less active Basidiomycete cellulase to be used with results very similar to those obtained with the T. viride enzyme. The technique is proposed as a more rapid, convenient and precise method of predicting digestibility than the usual in vitro procedure.
Mesoporous, Three-Dimensional Wood Membrane Decorated with Nanoparticles for Highly Efficient Water Treatment (2017)

Wood, an earth-abundant material, is widely used in our everyday life. With its mesoporous structure, natural wood is comprised of numerous long, partially aligned channels (lumens) as well as nanochannels that stretch along its growth direction. This wood mesostructure is suitable for a range of emerging applications, especially as a membrane/separation material. Here, we report a mesoporous, three-dimensional (3D) wood membrane decorated with palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs/wood membrane) for efficient wastewater treatment. The 3D Pd NPs/wood membrane possesses the following advantages: (1) the uniformly distributed lignin within the wood mesostructure can effectively reduce Pd(II) ions to Pd NPs; (2) cellulose, with its abundant hydroxyl groups, can immobilize Pd NPs; (3) the partially aligned mesoporous wood channels as well as their inner ingenious microstructures increase the likelihood of wastewater contacting Pd NPs decorating the wood surface; (4) the long, Pd NP-decorated channels facilitate bulk treatment as water flows through the entire mesoporous wood membrane. As a proof of concept, we demonstrated the use and efficiency of a Pd NPs/wood membrane to remove methylene blue (MB, C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>18</sub>N<sub>3</sub>ClS) from a flowing aqueous solution. The turnover frequency of the Pd NPs/wood membrane, ∼2.02 mol<sub>MB</sub>·mol<sub>Pd</sub><sup>-1</sup>·min<sup>-1</sup>, is much higher than the values reported in the literature. The water treatment rate of the 3D Pd NPs/wood membrane can reach 1 × 10<sup>5</sup> L·m<sup>-2</sup>·h<sup>-1</sup> with a high MB removal efficiency (>99.8%). The 3D mesoporous wood membrane with partially aligned channels exhibits promising results for wastewater treatment and is applicable for an even wider range of separation applications.
A New Photo Consistency Test for Voxel Coloring (2005)

Volumetric scene reconstruction is an important task for many vision applications. Most voxel coloring or space carving techniques required for this purpose suffer from the coupled problems of visibility and photo consistency. We propose a new photo consistency measurement that implicitly solves the visibility problem, thus permitting an efficient, single-scan voxel inspection that can be parallelized.
Preparation of monodisperse PEG hydrogel composite microspheres via microfluidic chip with rounded channels (2013)

An effective microfluidic method to fabricate monodisperse polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel composite microspheres with tunable dimensions and properties is reported in this paper. A T-junction microfluidic chip equipped with rounded channels and online photopolymerization system is applied for the microsphere microfabrication. The shape and size of the microspheres are well controlled by the rounded channels and PEG prepolymer/silicon oil flow rate ratios. The obtained PEG/aspirin composite microspheres exhibit a sustained release of aspirin for a wide time range; the obtained PEG/Fe3O4?nanocomposite microspheres exhibit excellent magnetic properties; and the obtained binary PEG/dye composite microspheres show the ability to synchronously load two functional components in the same peanut-shaped or Janus hydrogel particles.
THE THERMOGENIC EFFECT AND METABOLIC FATE OF ETIOCHOLANOLONE IN MAN* (1958)

The intramuscular administration in man of etiocholanolone (3α-hydrox-etiocholane-17-one), a metabolite of testicular and adrenocortical hormones, consistently provoked pyrogenic and inflammatory reactions. The thermogenic response following single injections of small amounts of this steroid was characterized by the development of high fever over a period of four to twelve hours, with equally rapid defervescence. Leukocytosis, local inflammatory reactions and a variety of transient constitutional symptoms were observed as well. The reaction is structurally specific and the pyrogenic response appears to be a direct effect of the molecule itself, since metabolic studies revealed that the steroid was excreted in large part unaltered and recovery of administered compound was high. The epimeric steroid, 3β-etiocholanolone was inert with respect to production of fever. The metabolic pattern was in contrast with that of etiocholanolone, in that there was significant transformation of the 3β to the 3α-hydroxy der...
Evaluation of thin wafer processing using a temporary wafer handling system as key technology for 3D system integration (2010)

In this paper we describe the process integration of a temporary wafer handling system for wafer thinning and thin wafer backside processing. Thin wafer handling is a key technology and enabler for the wafer level fabrication of through silicon via (TSV) based 3D architectures. The work was done as evaluation study to prove the compatibility of a thin wafer handling system with standard processes used for thinning and backside processing of “via-first” TSV wafers as well as for thinning of bumped wafers. The used thin wafer handling system is based on perforated carrier wafers, which are bonded by an adhesive to the customer wafer and de-bonded by solvent release of the adhesive. All wafers used in this work had 200 mm format. The evaluation was run systematically in three major phases. In the first phase the main process scenarios, which require thin wafer handling, were defined. In a second phase setup trials for bonding, thinning, backside processing and de-bonding were run on monitor wafers with different types of front side topography, but without TSVs. After finishing the setup trials in a third phase, the monitor wafers were replaced by wafers with copper filled TSVs, which were fabricated in “via-first” technology. Using the established thin wafer handling and processing sequence, silicon interposer wafers with 55 µm thickness were manufactured. The measured via chains have via pitches of 28 µm using 15 µm via diameter.
Ventilatory responses to rebreathing in infants exposed to maternal smoking (2001)

The study did not confirm the postulate that infants of mothers who smoked during pregnancy have a reduced ventilatory response or raised waking thresholds.
Domain Adaptation for CNN Based Iris Segmentation (2017)

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown great success in solving key artificial vision challenges such as image segmentation. Training these networks, however, normally requires plenty of labeled data, while data labeling is an expensive and time-consuming task, due to the significant human effort involved. In this paper we propose two pixel-level domain adaptation methods, introducing a training model for CNN based iris segmentation. Based on our experiments, the proposed methods can effectively transfer the domains of source databases to those of the targets, producing new adapted databases. The adapted databases then are used to train CNNs for segmentation of iris texture in the target databases, eliminating the need for the target labeled data. We also indicate that training a specific CNN for a new iris segmentation task, maintaining optimal segmentation scores, is possible using a very low number of training samples.
Towards fully automated testing and characterization for photonic compact modeling on 300-mm wafer platform (2021)

We demonstrate a fully automated and flexible wafer level photonic device testing and characterization with wavelength, optical power, temperature, and voltage dependencies. High precision setup and data analysis tools are developed for photonic compact modeling.
Synthèse d'émission spatio-temporelle pour l'imagerie acoustique (2010)

Finding a compromise between frame rate and image quality is a major issue in the definition of new coherent imaging methods. The objective of this thesis is to propose new imaging mode taking most benefit from hardware platforms. The applications are ultrasonic imaging and underwater acoustics. The manuscript first proposes a formal framework to the problem of frame rate versus contrast compromise and demonstrates the optimality of synthetic aperture methods. The equivalence, in terms of contrast and resolution, between synthetic aperture and focus imaging is then established. The problem of signal to noise ratio is solved by the use of transmission matrix maximizing the acoustic energy (Hadamard matrix). We introduced a new method, called "synthesis reduction", allowing a significant improvement of the frame rate. For this, we search the optimum matrix in terms of maximizing transmission beams energy on the imaging area. This optimum is a matrix composed of prolate spheroidal sequences. Then we introduced the "Spheroidal Synthetic Aperture" that exploits the properties of the matrix and moves the frame rate versus contrast compromise in a frame rate versus image size compromise. The last part of this manuscript is devoted to the measurement and correction of the platform motions by micronavigation methods. The results of this work are subject of experimental validation on a programmable 128-channel ultrasound scanner and a synthetic aperture sonar.
Memantine for dementia (2006)

Memantine has a small beneficial effect at six months in moderate to severe AD. In patients with mild to moderate dementia, the small beneficial effect on cognition was not clinically detectable in those with vascular dementia and was detectable in those with AD. Memantine is well tolerated.
Memory Management in the Tera MTA Computer System (1994)

Abstract : This paper describes memory scheduling for the Tera MTA (Multi Threaded Architecture) computer system. The Tera MTA is intended to support a mixture of large and small tasks running in parallel, and ensure that they all make progress commensurate with their importance. We describe the memory scheduling algorithms used to schedule these tasks fairly. Some of the issues encountered and solutions proposed are novel, due in part to the highly multiprogrammed nature of our architecture. In particular, we present an algorithm for swapping a set of tasks to and from memory that achieves minimal overhead, largely independent of the order in which tasks are swapped.
Palladium-catalyzed syntheses of conjugated polyenes (1981)

Abstract
The Mechanism of the Dendritic Electrocrystallization of Zinc (1969)

Measurements have been made of the growth rate of zinc dendrites in alkaline zincate solutions as a function of overpotential (η), concentration , and temperature . The tip radii have been measured by electron microscopy. At constant potential, an initiation time of between 5 and 100 min is observed, depending on η, c, and T. The dendrite grows linearly with time, at a rate depending on η, c, and T. The total current to base and dendrite was independent of time until a time , where (the time for initiation obtained from the growth rate vs. time relation). Thereafter, . A critical overpotential was determined, . Below this , sponge was formed. Dendrites were observed up to ; above this the deposition was heavy sponge. At a given , the growth rate of a given dendrite increased with η according to an exponential law. The growing tip is parabolic, where . No twinning was observed.
High-level productivity of <i>α,ω</i>-dodecanedioic acid with a newly isolated <i>Candida viswanathii</i> strain (2017)

α,ω-Dicarboxylic acids (DC) are versatile chemical intermediates with different chain lengths, which are well-known as polymer building block. In this work, a new strain with high productivity of DC was isolated from oil-contaminated soil. Based on the morphology and phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer sequences, it was characterized as Candida viswanathii. It was found that the contribution of carbon flux to the cell growth and DC production from n-dodecane could be regulated by the sucrose and yeast extract concentrations in the medium, and besides the broth pH, a suitable proportioning of sucrose and yeast extract was the key to achieve the optimal transition from cell growth phase to DC production phase. By optimizing culture conditions in a 7.5-L bioreactor, a higher DC productivity of 1.59 g·L<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> with a corresponding concentration of 181.6 g/L was obtained. After the purification of DC from the culture, the results from gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy and <sup>1</sup>H-NMR showed that α,ω-dodecanedioic acid (DC<sub>12</sub>) was the major product of C. viswanathii ipe-1 using pure n-dodecane as substrate. For the first time, we reported that a high productivity of DC<sub>12</sub> could be produced by C. viswanathii.
Water Drop Freezing: Ejection of Microdroplets (1970)

The ejection of microdroplets from the surface of a freezing supercooled water drop has been observed and photographed. The fragmentation of a freezing drop in the forms of splintering, shattering, or bursting has been known for some time. This newly observed phenomenon of the ejection of numerous microdroplets, the duration of their ejection, and the electrical properties of these droplets suggest a possible mechanism of charge generation in thunderstorms.
A development framework for ultra-dependable automotive systems based on a time-triggered architecture (2002)

Today by-wire systems are well-known and utilised in the area of aircraft construction. In the last few years there has been an endeavour in the automotive industry to realise by-wire applications without mechanical or hydraulic backup systems in vehicles. The required electronic systems must be highly reliable and cost-effective due to the constraints of mass production. A time-triggered architecture is a new approach that satisfies these requirements. The backbone of communication in this architecture is the fault-tolerant Time-Triggered Protocol (TTP), developed by the Vienna University of Technology and the Daimler-Benz Research. The TTP protocol has been designed due to the class C SAE classification for safety critical control applications, like brake-by-wire or steer-by-wire. For time-triggered architectures a new development process is required to handle the complexity of the systems, accelerate the development and increase the reliability. In this paper we present an approach for the development of distributed fault-tolerant systems based on TTP. The present approach is evaluated by a brake-by-wire case study.
Phase II study of volociximab (M200), an α5β1 anti-integrin antibody in refractory metastatic clear cell renal cell cancer (RCC) (2006)

4535 Background: Blocking angiogenesis has been shown to be an effective strategy for controlling tumor growth in RCC. Tumor angiogenesis occurs when pro-angiogenic growth factors are released, stimulating endothelial cell proliferation and migration to form neovessels. M200 is an IgG4 chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets α5β1, thereby inducing apoptosis of proliferating endothelial cells. M200 activity is independent of growth factor stimulus, suggesting that binding of fibronectin to α5β1 occurs downstream of growth factor signalling, and is possibly a final common pathway for the development of neovasculature. Methods: This is a multicenter, open label, single cohort pilot phase II study of 40 patients (pts) with RCC. Pts received no more than 2 prior regimens. Pts received M200 10 mg/kg IV every 2 weeks until disease progression. Pts were evaluated for efficacy every 8 weeks by objective response using RECIST criteria. An independent data safety monitoring board was utilized to review safety data. Results: A total of 40 pts were enrolled. All pts were evaluable for safety and 37 pts for objective response (to date). Median age was 62.8 years. ECOG score was 0 in 27 (67.5%) and 1 in 13 (32.5%) pts. Prior nephrectomy occured in 39 (97%) pts. Other prior treatment included IL-2 in 15 (37.5%), interferon alpha in 6 (15%), IL-2 + interferon in 2 (5%) pts. Most frequent side effects were fatigue 37.5%, nausea 15% and hypertension 7.5%. Five pts died in the study, four with progressive disease (PD) and 1 with arrhythmia (unrelated to M200). SD was observed in 32/37 (87%) of pts. No changes in hematological, renal and hepatic parameters were noted. Median time to progression was 113+ days. The average peak and trough concentrations of circulating M200 following 6 weeks of treatment were 390 μg/mL and 140 μg/mL, respectively. There were no detectable immune responses to M200. Conclusions: M200 is well tolerated at 10 mg/kg Q2W. Stable disease is noted in 87% of pts. Follow-up continues. A higher dose level is being evaluated. [Table: see text]
The Book of Xen: A Practical Guide for the System Administrator (2009)

Xen, the open source virtualization tool, is a system administrator's dream. Xen is a free, high-performance virtual machine monitor that lets you consolidate your hardware and finally put those unused cycles to usewithout sacrificing reliability, performance, or scalability. The Book of Xen explains everything you need to know in order to use Xen effectively, including installation, networking, memory management, and virtualized storage. You'll also learn how to use Xen and standard Linux tools to take snapshot backups, perform QoS operations on network traffic, and limit over-aggressive disk users. Authors Chris Takemura and Luke S. Crawford show you how to: Provide virtual hosting for dozens of users, each with their own individual needs Install and manage multiple guests, including various flavors of Linux, NetBSD, Solaris, and Windows Choose the right virtual storage options for your needs Migrate your systems seamlessly and create new images Tune and benchmark your systems to make them as fast as possible Troubleshoot Xen's most common problems like network and memory management Expert advice is priceless when it comes to running a complicated open source virtualization technology like Xen. You'll get the advice you need in The Book of Xen.
Virtual phase CCD technology (1979)

In this article a new concept of a single phase CCD, called "virtual phase", is described. Virtual phase technology employs only a single level gate electrode structure. This technology represents a new approach to fabrication of large area CCD devices which have both high performance and high yield. An example of the application of virtual phase technology to the fabrication of a 490 × 328 CCD imager is presented, and several important design and performance parameters are discussed.
Recent Developments in Bell System Relays - Particularly Sealed Contact and Miniature Relays (1964)

Relays are among the most important electromechanical devices. They have been in use for many years and continue, in modern form, to be Essential elements in modern Bell System and military applications, including electronic switching systems. The most important recent developments are miniaturization, sealed contact relays using glass-enclosed contacts, and “remanent” type devices. Ferreed and bipolar ferreed coordinate arrays and individual units are new and important switching elements. These devices make use of miniature glass-enclosed contacts in combination with “square loop” magnetic material <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∗</sup> such as ferrite or certain iron alloys. They are magnetic “latching” units and are operated or released by short pulses.
Evaluation of cardiovascular systemic function in uraemia patients by wave intensity (2016)

Objective
To investigate the clinical value of wave intensity technique in evaluating cardiovascular system function in uraemia patients.


Methods
Thirty patients with uraemia (uraemia group) in Renal Department of Internal Medicine and 30 healthy individuals (normal control group) in Health examination center underwent examination by wave intensity in this study in Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from January 2014 to June. Cardiac function and arterial elasticity parameters were evaluated by this technology. The following heart parameters were obtained, including instantaneous acceleration wave intensity (W1), instantaneous deceleration wave intensity (W2), negative wave area (NA), the time between electrocardiogram R wave apex and W1 wave apex (R-W1) and internal time between W1-W2 wave (W1-W2). And the arterial elasticity parameters were stiffness parameter (β), elastic coefficient (Eρ), pulse wave velocity (PWVβ), compliance (AC) and argumentation index (AI). At the same time LVDd, IVS, LVPWT and LVEF were measured by M-mode ultrasonography in left ventricular long-axis view. KVMI was calculated. Independent samples t-test was used to compare the changes of WI curve parameters in uraemia group and normal control group.


Results
In uraemia group LVDd, LVPWT, LVMI, W1, W2, NA, β, Eρ and PWVβ were significantly higher than those in the normal control group [(52.23±6.25) mm vs (44.20±2.20) mm, (10.67±1.45) mm vs (8.90±1.06) mm, (177034.05±44729.42) g/m2 vs (97542.50±15278.82) g/m2, (15.14±8.76) mmHg•m/s3 vs (6.75±4.13) mmHg•m/s3, (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (3.55±2.92) mmHg•m/s3 vs (1.53±1.00) mmHg•m/s3, (78.28±58.08) mmHg•m/s2 vs (41.10±24.47) mmHg•m/s2, 9.35±4.13 vs 5.98±1.53, (146.66±74.06) kPa vs (75.72±19.63) kPa, (7.16±1.60) m/s vs (5.41±0.66) m/s, (t=6.638, 5.393, 9.211, 4.900, 3.703, 3.274, 4.334, 5.237, 5.718, all P 0.05].


Conclusion
Wave intensity technique can noninvasively detect cardiac function, peripheral resistance, as well as elasticity of artery, and can also provide important clinical information for progress and intervention treatment of uraemia.


Key words: 
Ultrasonography; Uraemia; Heart; Arteries
Nitric Oxide Acts as a Postsynaptic Signaling Molecule in Calcium/Calmodulin-Induced Synaptic Potentiation in Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons (1999)

Postsynaptic injection of Ca(2+)/calmodulin (Ca(2+)/CaM) into hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons induces synaptic potentiation, which can occlude tetanus-induced potentiation (Wang and Kelly, 1995). Because Ca(2+)/CaM activates the major forms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to produce nitric oxide (NO), NO may play a role during Ca(2+)/CaM-induced potentiation. Here we show that extracellular application of the NOS inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or postsynaptic co-injection of L-NAME with Ca(2+)/CaM blocked Ca(2+)/CaM-induced synaptic potentiation. Thus, NO is necessary for Ca(2+)/CaM-induced synaptic potentiation. In contrast, extracellular perfusion of membrane-impermeable NO scavengers N-methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate/ferrous sulfate mixture (MGD-Fe) or 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5, 5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (carboxy-PTIO) did not attenuate Ca(2+)/CaM-induced synaptic potentiation, even though MGD-Fe or carboxy-PTIO blocked tetanus-induced synaptic potentiation. This result indicates that NO is not a retrograde messenger in Ca(2+)/CaM-induced synaptic potentiation. However, postsynaptic co-injection of carboxy-PTIO with Ca(2+)/CaM blocked Ca(2+)/CaM-induced potentiation. Postsynaptic injection of carboxy-PTIO alone blocked tetanus-induced synaptic potentiation without affecting basal synaptic transmission. Our results suggest that NO works as a postsynaptic (intracellular) messenger during Ca(2+)/CaM-induced synaptic potentiation.