gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computationally-Enriched 'Piles' for Managing Digital Photo Collections (2005)

We explore and extend the metaphor of "piles" to include computationally-enriched piles, portable regions of automation in Dynapad, a multiscale workspace. We describe these collection-management tools and how their design was informed by observing people organizing collections of personal digital photographs
Sparse modulation coding for increased capacity in volume holographic storage (2000)

In page-oriented memories, data pages commonly consist of comparable numbers of on and off pixels. Data-page sparsity is defined by reduction of the number of on pixels per page, leading to an increased diffracted power into each pixel. When page retrieval is dominated by a fixed noise floor, the number of pages in the memory is limited by the pixel diffraction efficiency. Sparsity increases the number of storable pages while reducing the amount of user information per page. A detailed analysis of sparsity in volume holographic memories shows that the total memory capacity can be increased by 15% by use of data pages that contain on average 25% on pixels. Sparsity also helps to reduce the effects of interpixel cross talk by strongly reducing the probability that worst-case pixel patterns (e.g., blocks of on pixels with a center off pixel) will occur in the data page. Enumeration block coding techniques provide construction of sparse-data pages with minimal overhead. In addition, enumeration coding offers maximum-likelihood detection with low encoding-decoding latency. We discuss the theoretical advantages of data-page sparsity. We also present experimental results that demonstrate the proposed capacity gain. The experiment verifies that it is practical to construct and use sparse-data pages that result in an overall user capacity gain of 16% subject to a page retrieval bit-error rate of 10(-4).
Noninvasive routes of proteins and peptides drug delivery. (2011)

Recent advances in the field of pharmaceutical biotechnology have led to the formulation of many protein and peptide-based drugs for therapeutic and clinical application. The route of administration has a significant impact on the therapeutic outcome of a drug. The needle and syringe is a well established choice of protein and peptide delivery which has some drawback related to patient and to formulation such as pain, cost, sterility etc. Thus, the noninvasive routes which were of minor importance as parts of drug delivery in the past have assumed added importance in protein and peptide drug delivery and these include nasal, ophthalmic, buccal, vaginal, transdermal and pulmonary routes. The pharmaceutical scientists have some approaches to develop the formulations for protein and peptide delivery by noninvasive routes. But, due to the physiochemical instability and enzymatic barrier of proteins and peptides there are several hurdle to develop suitable formulation. So there is need of penetration enhancers, enzyme inhibitors and suitable vehicles for noninvasive delivery to increase the bioavailability. In this review, the aim is to focus on the approaches to formulation of protein and peptide based drug administration by noninvasive route.
Parallel storage and retrieval of pixmap images (2002)

To fulfill the requirement of rapid access to huge amounts of uncompressed pixmap image data, a parallel image server architecture is proposed, based on arrays of intelligent disk nodes, with each disk node composed of one processor and one disk. It is shown how images can be partitioned into extents and efficiently distributed among available intelligent disk nodes. The image server's performance is analyzed according to various parameters such as the number of cooperating disk nodes, the sizes of image file extents, the available communication throughput, and the processing power of disk node and image server processors. Important image access speed improvements are obtained by image extent caching and image part extraction in disk nodes. With T800 transputer-based technology, a system composed of eight disk nodes offers access to three full-color 512*512 pixmap image parts per second (2.4 megabytes per second). For the same configuration but with the recently announced T9000 transputer, image access throughput is eight images per second (6.8 megabytes per second).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Induction of transcriptional activity of AP-1 and NF-κB in the gastric mucosa during aging (2000)

Although aging enhances expression and tyrosine kinase activity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the gastric mucosa, there is no information about EGFR signaling cascades. We examined the age-related changes in mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) [extracellular signal-related kinases (ERKs), c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinases (JNKs), and p38], an EGFR-induced signaling cascade, and activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) transcriptional activity in the gastric mucosa of 4- to 6-, 12- to 14-, and 22- to 24-mo-old Fischer 344 rats. AP-1 and NF-kappaB transcriptional activity in the gastric mucosa rose steadily with advancing age. This can be further induced by transforming growth factor-alpha. The age-related activation of AP-1 and NF-kappaB in the gastric mucosa was associated with increased levels of c-Jun, c-Fos, and p52, but not p50 or p65. Total and phosphorylated IkappaBalpha levels in the gastric mucosa were unaffected by aging. Aging was also associated with marked activation of ERKs (p42/p44) and JNK1. In contrast, aging decreased p38 MAPK activity in the gastric mucosa. Our observation of increased activation of ERKs and JNK1 in the gastric mucosa of aged rats suggests a role for these MAPKs in regulating AP-1 and NF-kappaB transcriptional activity. These events may be responsible for the age-related rise in gastric mucosal proliferative activity.
Respiratory effects of inhaled isocyanates (1986)

Numerous industrial chemicals are known to cause allergic reactions in the lung. Prominent among such chemicals are isocyanates, the starting material in the production of polyurethanes. In view of the extensive worldwide production of isocyanates (1.5 million metric tons per year), and the diversity of products manufactured from isocyanates (i.e., cars, airplanes, furniture, bedding, etc.) there is considerable potential for adverse health effects associated with exposure to isocyanates. Syndromes of immediate respiratory reactivity, delayed-onset sensitivity, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis have all been associated with isocyanate exposure. However, little is known concerning how sensitivity develops, which individuals are most likely to become sensitized, or how to best detect early sensitivity. Answers to such questions are beginning to emerge from the recent development of animal models of lung sensitivity. These models will be discussed together with their application to clinical situations.
The Etiology of Community‐Acquired Pneumonia in Australia: Why Penicillin plus Doxycycline or a Macrolide Is the Most Appropriate Therapy (2008)

The vast majority of patients with CAP can be treated successfully with narrow-spectrum beta-lactam treatment, such as penicillin combined with doxycycline or a macrolide. Greater use of such therapy could potentially reduce the emergence of antibiotic resistance among common bacterial pathogens.
Effects of linoleic acid on sweet, sour, salty, and bitter taste thresholds and intensity ratings of adults (2007)

Evidence supporting a taste component for dietary fat has prompted study of plausible transduction mechanisms. One hypothesizes that long-chain, unsaturated fatty acids block selected delayed-rectifying potassium channels, resulting in a sensitization of taste receptor cells to stimulation by other taste compounds. This was tested in 17 male and 17 female adult (mean +/- SE age = 23.4 +/- 0.7 yr) propylthiouracil tasters with normal resting triglyceride concentrations (87.3 +/- 5.6 mg/day) and body mass index (23.3 +/- 0.4 kg/m(2)). Participants were tested during two approximately 30-min test sessions per week for 8 wk. Eight stimuli were assessed in duplicate via an ascending, three-alternative, forced-choice procedure. Qualities were randomized over weeks. Stimuli were presented as room-temperature, 5-ml portions. They included 1% solutions of linoleic acid with added sodium chloride (salty), sucrose (sweet), citric acid (sour), and caffeine (bitter) as well as solutions of these taste compounds alone. Participants also rated the intensity of the five strongest concentrations using the general labeled magnitude scale. The suprathreshold samples were presented in random order with a rinse between each. Subjects made the ratings self-paced while wearing nose clips. It was hypothesized that taste thresholds would be lower and absolute intensity ratings or slopes of intensity functions would be higher for the stimuli mixed with the linoleic acid. Thresholds were compared by paired t-tests and intensity ratings by repeated measures analysis of variance. Thresholds were significantly higher (i.e., lower sensitivity) for the sodium chloride, citric acid, and caffeine solutions with added fatty acid. Sweet, sour, and salty intensity ratings were lower or unchanged by the addition of a fatty acid. The two highest concentrations of caffeine were rated as weaker in the presence of linoleic acid. These data do not support a mechanism for detecting dietary fats whereby fatty acids sensitize taste receptor cells to stimulation by taste compounds.
Who Will Enroll? Predicting Participation in a Phase II AIDS Vaccine Trial (2001)

Although other factors not captured by stated WTP may also influence future enrollment, prospectively assessing stated WTP may augment the validity of the informed consent process, help prevent underenrollment, and clarify the population from which the study sample is drawn.
Reversal of liver fibrosis (2009)

Hepatic fibrosis is a scarring process associated with an increased and altered deposition of extracellular matrix in the liver. It is caused by a variety of stimuli and if fibrosis continues unopposed, it would progress to cirrhosis which poses a significant health problem worldwide. At the cellular and molecular level, this progressive process is characterized by cellular activation of hepatic stellate cells and aberrant activity of transforming growth factor-beta with its downstream cellular mediators. Liver biopsy has been the reference test for assessment of hepatic fibrosis, but because of its limitations, noninvasive markers of liver fibrosis were developed. Liver fibrosis or cirrhosis was considered irreversible in the past but progress of research on the molecular pathogenesis of liver fibrosis has shown that hepatic cellular recovery is possible. Currently, no acceptable therapeutic strategies exist, other than removal of the fibrogenic stimulus, to treat this potentially devastating disease.
Initiating biodegradation of polyvinylpyrrolidone in an aqueous aerobic environment (2012)

A synthetic polymer, Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP E 1201) primarily finds applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries due to its resistance and zero toxicity to organisms. After ingestion, the substance passes through the organism unchanged. Consequently, it enters the systems of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) without decomposing biologically during the waste treatment process, nor does it attach (through sorption) to particles of activated sludge to any significant extent, therefore, it passes through the system of a WWTP, which may cause the substance to accumulate in the natural environment. For this reason the paper investigates the potential to initiate aerobic biodegradation of PVP in the presence of activated sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The following agents were selected as the initiators of the biodegradation process co-substrates: acrylamide, N-acethylphenylalanine and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, a substance with a similar structure to PVP monomer. The biodegradability of PVP in the presence of co-substrates was evaluated on the basis of biological oxygen demand (BOD) as determined via a MicroOxymax O2/CO2/CH4 respirometer. The total substrate concentration in the suspension equaled 400 mg·dm, with the ratio between PVP and the co-substrate being 1:1, while the concentration of the dry activated sludge was 500 mg·dm. Even though there was no occurrence of a significant increase in the biodegradation of PVP alone in the presence of a co-substrate, acrylamide appeared to be the most effective type of co-substrate. Nevertheless, a recorded decrease in the slope of biodegradation curves over time may indicate that a process of primary decomposition was underway, which involves the production of metabolites that inhibit activated sludge microorganisms. The resulting products are not identified at this stage of experimentation.
A symbolic simulation-based ANSI/IEEE Std 1149.1 compliance checker and BSDL generator (2002)

The paper shows how to extract the boundary-scan circuitry from an IC (Integrated Circuit), verify its compliance to IEEE Std 1149.1 and generate its BSDL (Boundary Scan Description Language) description. This work applies to the 75% of boundary-scan ICs that have hand-generated or macro-cell based boundary-scan circuity. It also applies to boundary-scan ICs designed using RTL (Register Transfer Level) synthesis.
A combination of polyunsaturated fatty acid, nonribosomal peptide and polyketide biosynthetic machinery is used to assemble the zeamine antibiotics (2014)

The zeamines are a unique group of antibiotics produced by <i>Serratia plymuthica</i> RVH1 that contain variable hybrid peptide-polyketide moieties connected to a common pentaamino-hydroxyalkyl chain. They exhibit potent activity against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Here we report a combination of targeted gene deletions, high resolution LC-MS(/MS) analyses, <i>in vitro</i> biochemical assays and feeding studies that define the functions of several key zeamine biosynthetic enzymes. The pentaamino-hydroxyalkyl chain is assembled by an iterative multienzyme complex (Zmn10-13) that bears a close resemblance to polyunsaturated fatty acid synthases. Zmn14 was shown to function as an NADH-dependent thioester reductase and is proposed to release a tetraamino-hydroxyalkyl thioester from the acyl carrier protein domain of Zmn10 as an aldehyde. Despite the intrinsic ability of Zmn14 to catalyze further reduction of aldehydes to alcohols, the initially-formed aldehyde intermediate is proposed to undergo preferential transamination to produce zeamine II. In a parallel pathway, hexapeptide-monoketide and hexapeptide-diketide thioesters are generated by a hybrid nonribosomal peptide synthetase-polyketide synthase multienzyme complex (Zmn16-18) and subsequently conjugated to zeamine II by a stand-alone condensing enzyme (Zmn19). Structures for the resulting prezeamines were elucidated using a combination of high resolution LC-MS/MS and 1- and 2-D NMR spectroscopic analyses. The prezeamines are hypothesized to be precursors of the previously-identified zeamines, which are generated by the action of Zmn22, an acylpeptide hydrolase that specifically cleaves the N-terminal pentapeptide of the prezeamines in a post-assembly processing step. Thus, the zeamine antibiotics are assembled by a unique combination of nonribosomal peptide synthetase, type I modular polyketide synthase and polyunsaturated fatty acid synthase-like biosynthetic machinery.
10-Gbit/s on-chip optical interconnect module using silicon-based 45° micro-reflectors terminated polymer waveguides (2013)

In this paper, we propose a 10-Gbit/s optical interconnect module realized on the silicon optical bench (SiOB) using the silicon-based 45° micro-reflectors terminated the polymer waveguides. The silicon-based 45° micro-reflectors are fabricated on an orientation-defined (100) silicon substrate by using anisotropic chemical wet etching. The VCSEL and PD chips are assembled at the input and output ports of proposed module to demonstrate an out-of-plane optical coupling for the on-chip optical interconnects. The transmission efficiency of as high as -2.8 dB is experimentally obtained with a polymer-waveguide length of 0.5 cm. The clearly 10-Gbit/s electrical eye pattern is obtained and verifies that such a proposed module is suitable for the optical interconnects.
Evading amplifier noise in nonlinear oscillators (1994)

Resonators driven to self-oscillation via active feedback play an important role in technology. Among the stochastic processes driving phase diffusion in such oscillators is noise from the feedback amplifier. Here a technique is described by which phase diffusion due to this noise can be suppressed. We have achieved a 10 dB reduction in phase diffusion by using the technique on an oscillator whose frequency-controlling element is a nonlinear mechanical resonator. The technique, in principle, provides a quantum nondemolition method of tracking a resonator's phase.
The Shifting Heart (1999)

A partir d'une recherche de terrain effectuee apres-guerre, dans les annees 1990, au sud Vietnam, l'A. examine la complexite du processus d'ecriture ethnographique qui transforme une experience personnelle en compte-rendu analytique. Il centre son analyse sur le processus d'objectivation dans une situation d'ethnographie multi-situee, ou l'ethnologue est affecte directement et implique alternativement par une pluralite de perspectives dont l'enjeu s'inscrit dans une instrumentalisation politique de la modernite. Afin de rendre perceptible cette experience particuliere d'une recherche multi-situee, il abandonne le registre discursif de l'ethnographie classique, marque par la neutralite emotionelle, pour un recit utilisant le registre de l'ironie, sous forme de journal. Il soutient notamment que si l'experience ethnographique est multi-situee, l'experience d'ecriture se realise le plus souvent a partir d'un site unique determine par l'ethnographe.
Thermal and optical properties of glasses of the system Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> – B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (2003)

Abstract In the binary system Bi 2 O 3 – B 2 O 3 glasses were prepared in the composition range 57.5 mol% ‐ 80 mol% B 2 O 3 by defined slow cooling of large melt samples (about 75 cm 3 , each). Temperatures of crystallization, of melting and of glass transition were determined and density data of the glasses were derived using the hydrostatic weighting method. Thermal expansion coefficients and high precision refractive indices, together with their dispersion, were measured. The measured physical properties indicate subtle discontinuous structural changes of the glasses with glass composition, that match with the ranges of existence of the crystalline compounds of the binary system Bi 2 O 3 – B 2 O 3 . Thermal investigations together with X‐ray powder diffraction analyses of crystallized glass samples prove the so far doubtful existence of a borate compound named “BiBO 3 ” in the PDF within the composition range 52.5 – 57.5 mol% B 2 O 3 .
Carbon fibre composites for aerospace structures (1969)

The structural use of fibre reinforced composite materials in the aerospace industry is not new. Glass fibre reinforced plastics in particular have been steadily developed over the years and are currently to be found in such applications as rocket motor casings, drop tanks, fairings, radomes and other secondary structures of various kinds.
Role of endogenous peroxynitrite in pulmonary injury and fibrosis induced by bleomycin A5 in rats. (2003)

Endogenous ONOO- mediated BLM-A5-induced pulmonary toxicity. The therapeutic potential of AG for pulmonary injury and fibrosis was realized partly by reducing ONOO- formation.
Low-cost LCD video display for optical processing (1986)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Matt Young, "Low-cost LCD video display for optical processing," Appl. Opt. 25, 1024-1026 (1986) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Classification of voice disorder in children with cochlear implantation and hearing aid using multiple classifier fusion (2011)

Result of this study may help speech pathologists follow up voice disorder recovery in children with cochlear implantation or hearing aid who are in the same age range.
Novel Anti-collision Algorithms for Fast Object Identification in RFID System (2006)

We propose two ALOHA-based Dynamic Framed Slotted ALOHA algorithms (DFSA) using Tag Estimation Method (TEM), which estimates the number of tags around the reader, and Dynamic Slot Allocation (DSA), which dynamically allocates the frame size for the number of tags. We compare the performance of the proposed DFSA with the conventional Framed Slotted ALOHA algorithm (FSA) using simulation. According to the analysis, two proposed DFSA algorithms show better performance than FSA algorithm regardless of the number of tags.
NBI-5788, an altered MBP83-99 peptide, induces a T-helper 2-like immune response in multiple sclerosis patients (2000)

We assessed the immune response induced in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who had received NBI-5788, an altered peptide ligand (APL) designed from an immunodominant region (83-99) of the neuroantigen myelin basic protein (MBP) (5, 10, or 20 mg subcutaneously weekly for 4 weeks). The mean frequency of NBI-5788-responsive T cells (stimulation index > 3) in MS patients treated with the APL was 35.8 +/- 12.8% (n = 7) compared with a mean frequency of 6.2 +/- 1.3% (n = 7) for the untreated patients. The mean frequency of whole MBP-responsive T cells in MS patients treated with the APL was not significantly different from that of untreated patients (16.4 +/- 5.7% vs 18.0 +/- 6.3%, respectively). NBI-5788-reactive T-cell lines generated from NBI-5788-treated patients exhibited an increased frequency of cross-reactivity with MBP peptide 83-99 compared with NBI-5788-reactive lines from control MS patients. Cytokine secretion by APL-reactive T-cell lines from NBI-5788-treated MS patients was more frequently T-helper 2-like compared with T-cell lines from untreated MS patients. These results demonstrate that subcutaneous administration of a soluble APL based on the MBP peptide 83-99 in MS patients can induce an APL-reactive immune response in which T lymphocytes cross-reactive with the immunodominant neuroantigen MBP secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines. The significant heterogeneity in immune response between individuals indicates the need for clinical laboratory correlation during the course of therapeutic trials.