gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase as the Optimal Herbicide Site in the Porphyrin Pathway (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO BOOKPREVChapterNEXTProtoporphyrinogen Oxidase as the Optimal Herbicide Site in the Porphyrin PathwayStephen O. DukeStephen O. Duke Southern Weed Science Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776More by Stephen O. Duke, Ujjana B. NandihalliUjjana B. Nandihalli Hazleton Laboratories, Madison, WI 53707More by Ujjana B. Nandihalli, Hee Jae LeeHee Jae Lee Southern Weed Science Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776More by Hee Jae Lee, and Mary V. DukeMary V. Duke Southern Weed Science Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776More by Mary V. DukeDOI: 10.1021/bk-1994-0559.ch014Publication Date (Print):April 15, 1994Publication History Published online23 July 2009Published inprint 15 April 1994RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSPorphyric PesticidesChapter 14pp 191-204ACS Symposium SeriesVol. 559ISBN13: 9780841229235eISBN: 9780841224810 Copyright © 1994 American Chemical SocietyChapter Views52Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSChapter Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) SUBJECTS:Peptides and proteins,Pest control,Pyrroles Get e-Alerts
Cortisol—cause and cure for metabolic syndrome? (2006)

Similarities between the metabolic syndrome and Cushing's syndrome, and reversibility of the features of Cushing's syndrome, suggest that cortisol may contribute to the pathophysiology of both conditions and that reducing cortisol action may provide a novel therapeutic approach in the metabolic syndrome. There is substantial evidence that circulating cortisol concentrations are higher in people with hypertension and glucose intolerance. The basis for this activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis remains uncertain, but it may be attributable to 'programming' effects of events in early life, since it is associated with low birth weight. In obese people, intracellular cortisol levels within adipose tissue are further amplified by increased local regeneration of cortisol by the enzyme 11beta-HSD type 1. In mice, transgenic manipulations of 11beta-HSD1 have potent effects on obesity and associated features of the metabolic syndrome. Promising preclinical data suggest that novel 11beta-HSD1 inhibitors will have a role in lowering intracellular cortisol levels as a treatment for the metabolic syndrome. In addition to their metabolic effects, glucocorticoids act in the blood vessel wall. Pharmacoepidemiological studies suggest that glucocorticoid excess is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Recent data suggest that 11beta-HSD1 within the blood vessel wall influences vascular remodelling and angiogenesis, for example in the myocardium following coronary artery occlusion. Thus, glucocorticoid signalling provides a potentially tractable system to influence both risk factors for, and the outcome of, Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
The efflux of <sup>86</sup>Rb and [<sup>3</sup>H]5‐HT from human platelets during continuous perfusion: Effects of potassium‐induced membrane depolarization and thrombin stimulation (1991)

In order to study the ionic efflux or granule release from human platelets following pulse exposure to various stimuli, a method for continuous perfusion of platelets was developed. The method was applied to compare the effects of membrane depolarization and thrombin stimulation on the release of 86Rb and [3H]5-HT. Washed and preloaded human platelets were placed on a membrane filter in a temperature controlled polypropylene chamber, and subsequently perfused with buffer. After an initial washout period the efflux of 86Rb or [3H]5-HT reached steady, low levels. K+ induced concentration dependent increases in 86Rb efflux, corresponding to a depolarization of the membrane potential, whereas the efflux of [3H]5-HT was unaltered. Thrombin induced concentration dependent increases in the efflux of both 86Rb and [3H]5-HT. Pretreatment with K+ 12 or 30 mM did not alter the [3H]5-HT efflux induced by thrombin 0.1 U ml-1. Scanning electron micrographs of platelets on the filter showed that the unstimulated platelets had regular shape, whereas after addition of thrombin there was formation of pseudopods and minor aggregates. The effect of potassium-induced membrane depolarization on platelet aggregation was also studied. High concentration of K+ did not induce aggregation or shape change during 2 or 10 minutes of incubation. K+ had little or no effect on aggregation induced by ADP 2 microM or thrombin 0.4 U ml-1. The results from release experiments and aggregation tests argue against an immediate coupling between membrane potential and platelet reactivity.
Génération de supercontinuum dans les fibres optiques microstructurées air-silice : potentialités pour l'émission UV cohérente (2006)

Les fibres microstructurees air-silice (FMAS), apparues dans le milieu des annees 90 a l’Universite de Southampton [1] (Royaume-Uni), ont demontre un potentiel d’applications extremement vaste dans des domaines tres varies allant des telecommunications a la biophotonique, en passant par les capteurs ou les sources laser UV. Le laboratoire XLIM (ex-IRCOM, Institut de Recherche en Communications Optiques et Microondes) s’est engage, depuis 1998, dans la conception, la fabrication et la caracterisation de tels guides de lumiere. Nous presentons dans cet article les defis technologiques a relever dans la fabrication des FMAS ainsi qu’une des applications marquantes de ces fibres qu’est la generation de supercontinuum, dans les domaines infrarouge, visible et ultraviolet.
Prospective Industrial Applications of the One Atmosphere Uniform Glow Discharge Plasma (2014)

Abstract- The majority of industrial plasma processing is conducted with glow discharges at pressures below 10 torr. This tends to limit plasma processing applications to high value workpieces as a result of the high capital cost of vacuum systems and the production constraints of batch processing. It has long been recognized that glow discharges would play a much larger industrial role if they could be generated at one atmosphere, and in ambient air. The One Atmosphere Uniform Glow Discharge Plasma (OAUGDP) has these capabilities. The OAUGDP is a non-thermal, “cold ” RF glow discharge plasma that operates on displacement currents and has the time-resolved characteristics of a classical low pressure DC normal glow discharge. Exploratory tests have been conducted on a variety of prospective industrial applications of the OAUGDP, all at one atmosphere using air as the working gas. These applications include subsonic plasma aerodynamic effects, including flow acceleration and flow re-attachment and the electrohydrodynamic (EDH) flow control of neutral working gas; increasing the surface energy and wettability of fabrics, films, and solid surfaces; sterilizing medical equipment and air filters; stripping of photoresist and directional etching of possible microelectronic relevance; and plasma deposition.
Review: Peripheral Arterial Disease and Diabetes: A Clinical Update (2009)

Peripheral arterial disease is characterized by a gradual reduction in blood to the extremities secondary to atherosclerosis. In diabetes, the pattern of atherosclerotic occlusion typically shows a propensity toward the infrapopliteal vessels. Additionally, impairment of the microcirculation manifests in diminished vasoreactivity and a functional ischemia that is not always correctable with surgery. However, when a nonhealing wound is complicated by peripheral arterial disease, revascularization is paramount to wound healing. Revascularization can be accomplished through traditional bypass surgery or newer endovascular interventions, such as angioplasty and stenting. These less invasive techniques of revascularization offer the advantages of quicker recovery and lower morbidity but durability may be compromised. Ultimately, the choice of revascularization procedure should be based on the clinical characteristics of the atherosclerotic lesion along with the individual patient history.
Cephalosporanic acids: a new look at reactions at the C-3' position (1980)

Nucleophilic displacement of the acetoxy group of cephalosporanic acids by thiols in aqueous solution at neutral pH provides 3-thiomethyl-substituted compounds with a broad spectrum of antibiotic activity. The aqueous displacement reaction is often destructive of much of the cephalosporanic acid, and products generally require extensive purification. Displacements at a lower pH are complicated by unwanted lactone formation. However, reactions conducted under acid conditions in a variety of anhydrous organic solvents give 3-thiomethyl-substituted compounds in very high yield and quality; no lactone formation is observed. The kinetics of the reaction support an SN1 mechanism. Protonation of the departing acetoxy group appears therefore critical; the more basic solvents, e.g. dimethylsulphoxide and N,N-dimethylformamide, significantly retard the rate of reaction.
Dengue Virus Capsid Protein Usurps Lipid Droplets for Viral Particle Formation (2009)

Dengue virus is responsible for the highest rates of disease and mortality among the members of the Flavivirus genus. Dengue epidemics are still occurring around the world, indicating an urgent need of prophylactic vaccines and antivirals. In recent years, a great deal has been learned about the mechanisms of dengue virus genome amplification. However, little is known about the process by which the capsid protein recruits the viral genome during encapsidation. Here, we found that the mature capsid protein in the cytoplasm of dengue virus infected cells accumulates on the surface of ER-derived organelles named lipid droplets. Mutagenesis analysis using infectious dengue virus clones has identified specific hydrophobic amino acids, located in the center of the capsid protein, as key elements for lipid droplet association. Substitutions of amino acid L50 or L54 in the capsid protein disrupted lipid droplet targeting and impaired viral particle formation. We also report that dengue virus infection increases the number of lipid droplets per cell, suggesting a link between lipid droplet metabolism and viral replication. In this regard, we found that pharmacological manipulation of the amount of lipid droplets in the cell can be a means to control dengue virus replication. In addition, we developed a novel genetic system to dissociate cis-acting RNA replication elements from the capsid coding sequence. Using this system, we found that mislocalization of a mutated capsid protein decreased viral RNA amplification. We propose that lipid droplets play multiple roles during the viral life cycle; they could sequester the viral capsid protein early during infection and provide a scaffold for genome encapsidation.
Jitter and error performance analysis of QPR-TCM and neural network equivalent systems over mobile satellite channels (2002)

In this paper, to improve bandwidth efficiency and error performance, partial response signaling (PRS) and trellis coded modulation (TCM) are combined together and named as QPR-TCM. The emphasis in this paper is on the jitter and error performance of QPR-TCM and neural network equivalent models in the fading environment with ideal channel state information (CSI) and no side information exist on the phase noise process. Analytical upper bounds are derived using Chernoff bounding technique, combined with the modified generating functional approach. One interesting result is that the bit error probability upper bounds of the proposed scheme is better than 4QAM-TCM for SNR values greater than a threshold, which have the best error performance till now. Neural network models of QPR-TCM schemes are introduced for the first time in the literature for fading channels and the bit error event curves are derived using the back propagation algorithm. It is shown that neuro-computing results confirm the analytical approach.
Sulfonyl 3-Alkynyl Pantetheinamides as Mechanism-Based Cross-Linkers of Acyl Carrier Protein Dehydratase (2013)

Acyl carrier proteins (ACPs) play a central role in acetate biosynthetic pathways, serving as tethers for substrates and growing intermediates. Activity and structural studies have highlighted the complexities of this role, and the protein-protein interactions of ACPs have recently come under scrutiny as a regulator of catalysis. As existing methods to interrogate these interactions have fallen short, we have sought to develop new tools to aid their study. Here we describe the design, synthesis, and application of pantetheinamides that can cross-link ACPs with catalytic β-hydroxy-ACP dehydratase (DH) domains by means of a 3-alkynyl sulfone warhead. We demonstrate this process by application to the Escherichia coli fatty acid synthase and apply it to probe protein-protein interactions with noncognate carrier proteins. Finally, we use solution-phase protein NMR spectroscopy to demonstrate that sulfonyl 3-alkynyl pantetheinamide is fully sequestered by the ACP, indicating that the crypto-ACP closely mimics the natural DH substrate. This cross-linking technology offers immediate potential to lock these biosynthetic enzymes in their native binding states by providing access to mechanistically cross-linked enzyme complexes, presenting a solution to ongoing structural challenges.
Dietary carotenoids, vitamins A, C, and E, and advanced age-related macular degeneration. Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate the relationships between dietary intake of carotenoids and vitamins A, C, and E and the risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of irreversible blindness among adults. <h3>Design.</h3> —The multicenter Eye Disease Case-Control Study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Five ophthalmology centers in the United States. <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 356 case subjects who were diagnosed with the advanced stage of AMD within 1 year prior to their enrollment, aged 55 to 80 years, and residing near a participating clinical center. The 520 control subjects were from the same geographic areas as case subjects, had other ocular diseases, and were frequency-matched to cases according to age and sex. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —The relative risk for AMD was estimated according to dietary indicators of antioxidant status, controlling for smoking and other risk factors, by using multiple logistic-regression analyses. <h3>Results.</h3> —A higher dietary intake of carotenoids was associated with a lower risk for AMD. Adjusting for other risk factors for AMD, we found that those in the highest quintile of carotenoid intake had a 43% lower risk for AMD compared with those in the lowest quintile (odds ratio, 0.57; 95% confidence interval, 0.35 to 0.92;<i>P</i>for trend=.02). Among the specific carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, which are primarily obtained from dark green, leafy vegetables, were most strongly associated with a reduced risk for AMD (<i>P</i>for trend=.001). Several food items rich in carotenoids were inversely associated with AMD. In particular, a higher frequency of intake of spinach or collard greens was associated with a substantially lower risk for AMD (<i>P</i>for trend<.001). The intake of preformed vitamin A (retinol) was not appreciably related to AMD. Neither vitamin E nor total vitamin C consumption was associated with a statistically significant reduced risk for AMD, although a possibly lower risk for AMD was suggested among those with higher intake of vitamin C, particularly from foods. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Increasing the consumption of foods rich in certain carotenoids, in particular dark green, leafy vegetables, may decrease the risk of developing advanced or exudative AMD, the most visually disabling form of macular degeneration among older people. These findings support the need for further studies of this relationship. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:1413-1420)
Clinical application and quantitative evaluation of generator-produced copper-62-PTSM as a brain perfusion tracer for PET. (1994)

Although 62Cu-PTSM can be used widely for evaluation of brain perfusion with PET, kinetic analysis and correction may be needed to quantify regional CBF.
Phonated speech reconstruction using twin mapping models (2015)

Computational speech reconstruction algorithms have the ultimate aim of returning natural sounding speech to aphonic and dysphonic individuals. These algorithms can also be used by unimpaired speakers for communicating sensitive or private information. When the glottis loses function due to disease or surgery, aphonic and dysphonic patients retain the power of vocal tract modulation to some degree but they are unable to speak anything more than hoarse whispers without prosthetic aid. While whispering can be seen as a natural and secondary aspect of speech communications for most people, it becomes the primary mechanism of communications for those who have impaired voice production mechanisms, such as laryngectomees. In this paper, by considering the current limitations of speech reconstruction methods, a novel algorithm for converting whispers to normal speech is proposed and the efficiency of the algorithm is discussed. The proposed algorithm relies upon twin mapping models and makes use of artificially generated whispers (called whisperised speech) to regenerate natural phonated speech from whispers. Through a training-based approach, the mapping models exploit whisperised speech to overcome frame to frame time alignment problem in the speech reconstruction process.
Third-generation cholecystectomy by natural orifices: transgastric and transvesical combined approach (with video) (2006)

A transgastric and transvesical combined approach is feasible, and it was particularly useful to perform a cholecystectomy through exclusive natural orifices.
Study on Object Operating System for Service Robot Based on Artificial Marks (2007)

Object operating is one of the important tasks of service robot. There are still some difficulties in the implement of this task, due to the structureless of home environment and complex properties of objects and their poses, as well as the limitation of related technology level. The objects operating system in home environment is analyzed. An intelligent space framework based on artificial mark system is proposed, and the configuration of the artificial mark system is described in detail. Also, the implementation of object operating by service robot based on the intelligent space framework and the artificial mark system is given.
Thermal-mechanical effects on rotating internally pressured cylindrical shell irradiated by laser beam (2006)

The thermal-mechanical effects on rotating internally pressured cylindrical shell irradiated by the laser beam have been calculated by using finite element method,and the physical parameters are obtained,such as temperature,stress,strain,and displacement of the shell wall.The double time step method,which includes one main time step and many sub time steps,is presented.This method can overcome the difficulty in the numerical calculation of the moving heat-flux loads.Some examples indicate that the double time step method can improve the calculation precision and efficiency.The numerical results show that the damage-threshold time of rotating internally pressured cylindrical shell depends closely on the rotating frequency and the power density of the laser beam,and the cracked point occurs first in the initial laser-hit region.
Hankel Determinant for a Subclass of Alpha Convex Functions (2014)

In the present investigation, the upper bound of second Hankel determinant 2 3 4 2 a a a − for functions belonging to the subclass of analytic functions is studied. Results presented in this paper would extend the corresponding results of various authors. () B A M , ; α
Chronic Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Associated with Fever and Interstitial Pneumonitis (1986)

Two patients developed fever, interstitial pneumonitis, and pancytopenia associated with extremely high titers of antibody to replicative antigens of the Epstein-Barr virus. In contrast to most patients seropositive for Epstein-Barr virus, neither patient had an antibody response to the Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen K polypeptide. In addition, virus isolated from one patient had a deletion of the B95-8 type in the EcoRI C region of the genome. An etiologic relation between Epstein-Barr virus replication and the clinical manifestations of this syndrome is further shown by the response of each patient to acyclovir therapy. These patients have a new Epstein-Barr-virus-associated syndrome and provide additional evidence that acyclovir may play a role in therapy for selected patients with Epstein-Barr virus infection.
Microprocessor Control of a Cycloconverter (1985)

This paper examines in some detail the problem of controlling a single-phase cycloconverter using a multimicroprocessor system. The cycloconverter must operate with a frequency- and voltage-wild input waveform. A new control scheme based upon input areas has been devised to enable successful operation under such circumstances. Both the hardware and software aspects of the microprocessor controller are described, including details of the area algorithms.
Nonstop: continuous multimedia streaming in wireless ad hoc networks with node mobility (2003)

Guaranteeing continuous streaming of multimedia data from service providers to the users is a challenging task in wireless ad hoc networks, particularly when node mobility is considered. The topological dynamics introduced by node mobility are further exacerbated by the natural grouping behavior of mobile users, which leads to frequent network partitioning. Network partitioning poses significant challenges to the provisioning of continuous multimedia streaming services in wireless ad hoc networks, since the partitioning disconnects many mobile users from the centralized streaming service. In this paper, we propose NonStop, a collection of novel middleware-based run-time algorithms that ensures the continuous availability of such multimedia streaming services, while minimizing the overhead involved. The network-wide continuous streaming coverage is achieved by partition prediction and service replication on the streaming sources and assisted by distributed selection of streaming sources on regular mobile nodes and users. The proposed algorithms are validated by extensive results from performance evaluations.