gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression and tissue distribution of rat sulfated glycoprotein-1 (prosaposin). (1996)

Sulfated glycoprotein-1 (SGP-1/prosaposin) exists as a sulfated secreted protein or as a lysosomal precursor of four smaller saposin molecules. The protein exhibits ubiquitous expression, evolutionary conservation, and diverse tissue inducibility. The lysosomal form of SGP-1 plays a role in the hydrolysis of glycolipids and sphingomyelin. The function of the secreted form of SGP-1 is still unclear. However, it could act as a glycolipid transfer protein, since several gangliosides (a series) were found to bind with high affinity to prosaposin. To identify cell types that produce SGP-1 mRNA, we constructed an SGP-1 cDNA and used for screening of different rat tissues by Northern blot analysis. To localize the translation product of SGP-1 transcripts, we immunostained the same tissues with an anti-SGP-1 antibody. The SGP-1 cDNA construct was generated by amplifying a rat testicular Zap cDNA library by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) with two synthetic oligonucleotide primers. A positive signal of 1.7 KB was isolated, subcloned into the pGEM-7Zf (+). Sequence analysis showed a near-identical nucleotide and amino acid similarity to a previous rat SGP-1 cDNA. The majority of the heterogeneites were conservative substitutions. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that all examined rat tissue and organs have SGP-1 mRNA. Immunocytochemistry identified two staining patterns in the cytoplasm of positive cells: (a) a granular reaction characteristic of lysosomes in the supranuclear and basal regions of epithelial cells and in the perinuclear region of neurons; and (b) a homogeneous reaction in the cytoplasm of Sertoli cells, Type II pneumocytes, macrophages, and epithelial cells lining the choroid plexus. The latter staining pattern could be characteristic of cells that exhibit a secretory routing of SGP- 1. The production of SGP-1 by a variety of specialized cells lining fluid compartments suggests that its secreted form has a role in the transport of lipids in biological fluids, possibly by the formation of soluble complexes with glycolipids. Similarly, the lysosomal form of SGP-1/prosaposin and their derived saposins also solubilizes certain glycolipids to promote their degradation by specific hydrolases.
Effects of Single-Dose Intravenous Omeprazole and Ranitidine on Gastric pH During General Anesthesia (1992)

We conducted a comparative trial of the gastric proton pump inhibitor omeprazole and the H2-receptor antagonist ranitidine on gastric pH in 50 adult patients scheduled for elective gynecologic surgery. The drugs were administered intravenously in random fashion after induction of general anesthesia and placement of a gastric electrode for continuous pH monitoring. The two drugs caused significant increases in gastric pH that did not differ significantly when compared with one another, yet there were significant differences from the control group, which did not receive either of the two drugs. A gastric pH of 2.5 was reached within median 34 and 26 min after administration of omeprazole (40 and 80 mg, respectively) and within median 32 and 26 min after administration of ranitidine (50 and 100 mg, respectively). After injection of omeprazole, a gastric pH of 3.5 was reached after median 41 and 34 min; injection of ranitidine (50 and 100 mg) produced a pH of 3.5 after median 43 and 48 min, respectively. We conclude that the intravenous administration of a single dose of omeprazole or ranitidine causes a similar increase, both in magnitude and time of onset, in gastric pH during general anesthesia.
Über die Oxydation von Mangan(II)‐hydroxyd mit molekularem Sauerstoff (1945)

Abstract 1. Es wird die Oxydation von Mangan(II)‐hydroxyd und von ammoniakalischen Mangan(II)‐salzlösungen mit Sauerstoff und Wasserstoffperoxyd verfolgt. Röntgenographisch und analytisch sind die folgenden Oxydationsprodukte festgestellt worden: oxydiertes Manganhydroxyd, Mangan(II(, (III)‐Doppelhydroxyd, Hausmannit, Hydrohausmannit, α, β, γ‐MnOOH, Mangan(II)‐manganit. Die Bedingungen, unter denen sich diese Verbindungen bilden, werden im einzelnen beschrieben.
Combining Immature and Total Neutrophil Counts to Predict Early Onset Sepsis in Term and Late Preterm Newborns (2014)

Calculating the I/T could enhance prediction of early onset sepsis, but the complete blood counts will remain helpful mainly when done at >4 hours of age and when the pretest probability of infection is close to the treatment threshold.
Channel Estimator for Multiple Co-channel Demodulation in TDMA Mobile Systems (1997)

The suppression of the dominant co-channel interference by joint demodulation is a potential tech- nique to enhance the performance of the future TDMA based mobile systems. The requirements for joint de- modulation are that the dominant interfering signal is identified in the receiver and reliable channel estimates are provided for both co-channel signals. In practice to meet both requirements the channel estimation should be based on unique training sequences transmitted in each co-channel. In this paper, we propose new opti- mised training sequence sets and an algorithm for the identification of the dominant interferer. The perform- ance of the sequences is analysed in terms of the bit error rate after joint channel estimation and detection using the GSM platform. correlation but only autocorrelation properties. This causes problems for the joint channel estimation as well as identi- fication of dominant interfering signal. In this paper, we propose new training sequence sets constructed from two basic families for the purpose of in- terference cancellation. In addition an algorithm for the identification of the dominant interferer is presented. The first family consists of the length 31 Gold sequences and the second family consists of length 20-bit sequences. The latter sequence set has an advantage that they fit to the GSM frame structure. The paper is organised as follows. The co-channel communication system considered in this paper is first de- scribed. Next the joint channel estimation and joint detec- tion algorithms are shortly presented. Then the methodol- ogy for selecting the sequence sets is described and appro- priate training sequence sets are proposed. Next the domi- nant interferer identification algorithm is presented and its performance is analysed. After that the performance of the sequence sets is analysed by link level simulations. Finally, the results are discussed and conclusions are drawn.
Insect Pathogenic Properties of Serratia marcescens: Phage-resistant Mutants with a Decreased Resistance to Cecropia Immunity and a Decreased Virulence to Drosophila (1980)

A non-pigmented strain of Serratia marcescens (Db10) was isolated from moribund Drosophila flies. From this strain were isolated spontaneous mutants resistant to streptomycin (Db11) and nalidixic acid (Db12). Mutant Db11 was used for the isolation of two phages, phi J and phi K, which grew on Db10, Db11 and Db12, but not on three reference strains of S. marcescens. Mutant Db11 was demonstrated to fulfil koch's postulates. Strain Db10 and its antibiotic-resistant derivatives were lethal to Drosophila whether given in the food or by injection. Evidence for toxin(s) was found only in sterile supernatants from 7 d cultures. Such extracts contained proteolytic activity and inactivated the antibacterial activity in immune haemolymph from Cecropia. Phages phi J and phi K were used to isolate phage-resistant mutants of Db11. Three such mutants and their parental strain were investigated for their susceptibility to immune haemolymph from Cecropia. The parental strain was resistant to incubation with 90% haemolymph for 2 h at 37 degrees C; all phage-resistant mutants were susceptible to the immune haemolymph with "killing times" (i.e. the time required to kill 90% of the viable cells) ranging from 15 to 55 min. When the same strains were compared for their virulence to Drosophila, the phage-resistant mutants had significantly reduced virulence. It is concluded that resistance to insect immunity plays an important role in the overall pathogenicity of S. marcescens.
The natural product honokiol induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells (2005)

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) remains an incurable disease that requires innovative new approaches to improve therapeutic outcome. Honokiol is a natural product known to possess potent antineoplastic and antiangiogenic properties. We examined whether honokiol can overcome apoptotic resistance in primary tumor cells derived from B-CLL patients. Honokiol induced caspase-dependent cell death in all of the B-CLL cells examined and was more toxic toward B-CLL cells than to normal mononuclear cells, suggesting greater susceptibility of the malignant cells. Honokiol-induced apoptosis was characterized by the activation of caspase-3, -8, and -9 and cleavage of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Exposure of B-CLL cells to honokiol resulted in up-regulation of Bcl2-associated protein (Bax) and down-regulation of the expression of the key survival protein myeloid-cell leukemia sequence 1 (Mcl-1), which is associated with response to treatment in B-CLL patients. In addition, B-CLL cells pretreated with interleukin-4 (IL-4), a cytokine known to support B-CLL survival, underwent apoptosis when subsequently incubated with honokiol, indicating that honokiol could also overcome the prosurvival effects of IL-4. Furthermore, honokiol enhanced cytotoxicity induced by fludarabine, cladribine, or chlorambucil. These data indicate that honokiol is a potent inducer of apoptosis in B-CLL cells and should be examined for further clinical application either as a single agent or in combination with other anticancer agents.
Detecting heterogeneity in single-cell RNA-Seq data by non-negative matrix factorization (2016)

Single-cell RNA-Sequencing (scRNA-Seq) is a cutting edge technology that enables the understanding of biological processes at an unprecedentedly high resolution. However, well suited bioinformatics tools to analyze the data generated from this new technology are still lacking. Here we have investigated the performance of non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) method to analyze a wide variety of scRNA-Seq data sets, ranging from mouse hematopoietic stem cells to human glioblastoma data. In comparison to other unsupervised clustering methods including K-means and hierarchical clustering, NMF has higher accuracy even when the clustering results of K-means and hierarchical clustering are enhanced by t-SNE. Moreover, NMF successfully detect the subpopulations, such as those in a single glioblastoma patient. Furthermore, in conjugation with the modularity detection method FEM, it reveals unique modules that are indicative of clinical subtypes. In summary, we propose that NMF is a desirable method to analyze heterogeneous single-cell RNA-Seq data, and the NMFEM pipeline is suitable for modularity detection among single-cell RNA-Seq data.
Antidepressant-like activity of (4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl) (quinoxalin-2-yl) methanone (4a), a novel 5-HT <sub>3</sub> receptor antagonist: An investigation in behaviour-based rodent models of depression (2012)

These preliminary investigations confirm that 4a exhibits antidepressant-like activity in behaviour based rodent models of depression.
Non-Invasive Fetal Monitoring: A Maternal Surface ECG Electrode Placement-Based Novel Approach for Optimization of Adaptive Filter Control Parameters Using the LMS and RLS Algorithms (2017)

This paper is focused on the design, implementation and verification of a novel method for the optimization of the control parameters (such as step size μ and filter order N) of LMS and RLS adaptive filters used for noninvasive fetal monitoring. The optimization algorithm is driven by considering the ECG electrode positions on the maternal body surface in improving the performance of these adaptive filters. The main criterion for optimal parameter selection was the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). We conducted experiments using signals supplied by the latest version of our LabVIEW-Based Multi-Channel Non-Invasive Abdominal Maternal-Fetal Electrocardiogram Signal Generator, which provides the flexibility and capability of modeling the principal distribution of maternal/fetal ECGs in the human body. Our novel algorithm enabled us to find the optimal settings of the adaptive filters based on maternal surface ECG electrode placements. The experimental results further confirmed the theoretical assumption that the optimal settings of these adaptive filters are dependent on the ECG electrode positions on the maternal body, and therefore, we were able to achieve far better results than without the use of optimization. These improvements in turn could lead to a more accurate detection of fetal hypoxia. Consequently, our approach could offer the potential to be used in clinical practice to establish recommendations for standard electrode placement and find the optimal adaptive filter settings for extracting high quality fetal ECG signals for further processing. Ultimately, diagnostic-grade fetal ECG signals would ensure the reliable detection of fetal hypoxia.
Field-induced optical effect in a five-step asymmetric coupled quantum well with modified potential (1998)

A five-step asymmetric coupled quantum well (FACQW) is demonstrated and analyzed for its field-induced optical effect. A strong combined exciton absorption peak is caused by e1hh2 and e2hh1 transitions for the TE mode and e1lh2 and e2lh1 for the TM mode at a small negative applied electric field, while two separated exciton absorption peaks appear at positive applied electric field. The large change of the exciton absorption strength produces large positive refractive index change whose value is larger by over one order of magnitude compared to that in a rectangular quantum well (RQW) when the operation wavelength is away from the absorption edge. A tensile-strained FACQW is employed to improve the polarization dependence. The difference of the refractive index change for TE and TM modes is under 2% while that in the unstrained FACQW is larger than 50%. A modified FACQW structure is also studied for a negative refractive index change. The strong combined exciton absorption peak without a red shift is observed in the measurement of photocurrent spectra of the FACQW at room temperature. The absorption properties of the FACQW under high applied electric field are also observed and analyzed. The measured results are in good agreement with bur numerical analysis. Finally, ridge-waveguide Mach-Zehnder modulators have been fabricated by using the FACQW and RQW structures. The half-wave voltage of the FACQW modulator is as low as 3 V while that of the RQW modulator is 8 V. The result proves that the FACQW structure indeed has larger refractive index change than that of the RQW structure. These properties obtained with the FACQW family have a great potential for application to ultrafast and low-voltage optical modulators and switches.
Improved Survival from Acute Renal Failure after Treatment with Intravenous Essential L-Amino Acids and Glucose (1973)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Improved Survival from Acute Renal Failure after Treatment with Intravenous Essential L-Amino Acids and Glucose — Results of a Prospective, Double-Blind Study
THE <i>b</i><sup>1</sup>Σ<sup>+</sup>–<i>X</i><sup>3</sup>Σ<sup>−</sup> BAND SYSTEM OF NCl (1967)

When a mixture of N 2 and Cl 2 is pumped rapidly through a mild microwave discharge, an orange afterglow is observed downstream from the discharge. The spectrum of this weak emission consists of a prominent double-headed band, the strongest head lying at 6 648.6 Å, and a number of weaker similar bands forming three sequences. Observed isotopic shifts have been used to identify the emitter as NCl. The rotational analysis of the strongest (0–0) band, photographed with high resolution, shows that these bands represent the b 1 Σ + –X 3 Σ − transition of the NCl molecule. The vibrational and rotational constants were determined for both states; we find ω e ′ = 935.6 cm −1 , ω o″ = 827.0 cm −1 , γ 0 ′ = 1.565 3 Å, and γ 0 ″ = 1.608 3 Å.
Cigarette smoke promotes HIV infection of primary bronchial epithelium and additively suppresses CFTR function (2018)

Recurrent lung infections are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV and this is exacerbated in smokers even when administered combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). The incidence of pneumonia is increased with smoking and treatment interruption and is directly dependent on viral load in patients when adjusted for CD4 counts. CFTR dysfunction plays an important role in aberrant airway innate immunity as it is pivotal in regulating mucociliary clearance (MCC) rates and other antibacterial mechanisms of the airway. In our earlier work, we have demonstrated that bronchial epithelium expresses canonical HIV receptors CD4, CCR5 and CXCR4 and can be infected with HIV. HIV Tat suppresses CFTR mRNA and function via TGF-β signaling. In the present study, we demonstrate that cigarette smoke (CS) potentiates HIV infection of bronchial epithelial cells by upregulating CD4 and CCR5 expression. HIV and CS individually and additively suppress CFTR biogenesis and function, possibly explaining the increased incidence of lung infections in HIV patients and its exacerbation in HIV smokers.
Synthesis, characterization and biocompatibility of novel biodegradable poly[((<i>R</i>)‐3‐hydroxybutyrate)‐<i>block</i>‐(<scp>D</scp>,<scp>L</scp>‐lactide)‐<i>block</i>‐(ε‐caprolactone)] triblock copolymers (2008)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Biodegradable block copolymers have attracted particular attention in both fundamental and applied research because of their unique chain architecture, biodegradability and biocompatibility. Hence, biodegradable poly[(( R )‐3 ‐hydroxybutyrate)‐ block ‐( D , L ‐lactide)‐ block ‐(ε‐caprolactone)] (PHB‐PLA‐PCL) triblock copolymers were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for their biocompatibility. RESULTS: The results from nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography and thermogravimetric analysis showed that the novel triblock copolymers were successfully synthesized. Differential scanning calorimetry and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction showed that the crystallinity of PHB in the copolymers decreased compared with methyl‐PHB (LMPHB) oligomer precursor. Blood compatibility experiments showed that the blood coagulation time became longer accompanied by a reduced number of platelets adhering to films of the copolymers with decreasing PHB content in the triblocks. Murine osteoblast MC3T3‐E1 cells cultured on the triblock copolymer films spread and proliferated significantly better compared with their growth on homopolymers of PHB, PLA and PCL, respectively. CONCLUSION: For the first time, PHB‐PLA‐PCL triblock copolymers were synthesized using low molecular weight LMPHB oligomer as the macroinitiator through ring‐opening polymerization with D , L ‐lactide and ε‐caprolactone. The triblock copolymers exhibited flexible properties with good biocompatibility; they could be developed into promising biomedical materials for in vivo applications. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Genetic Modification of Natural Killer Cells For Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapy (2009)

Immunotherapy of cancer is a rapidly developing field; one such development is the manipulation and use of natural killer (NK) cells. These cells with 'killer instincts' are an attractive cell to utilize, as they are directly reactive toward tumor and could potentially activate the endogenous adaptive immune system. Their employment in adoptive cell transfer treatments has yielded important results and discoveries, although effective antitumor responses are limited. To address these limitations, NK cells are the target of a new generation of immunotherapy involving gene transfer. The gene modification of immune cells is a relatively recent technique and some groups have targeted NK cells for gene modification to improve their antitumor efficacy. This review will investigate studies describing the gene modification of NK cells and their encouraging antitumor effects.
Differential turnover of tyrosinated and detyrosinated microtubules. (1987)

Turnover of tyrosinated and detyrosinated microtubules ([Tyr]MTs and [Glu]MTs, respectively) was analyzed by the combined use of hapten-mediated immunocytochemistry and peptide-specific antibodies. Cells were microinjected with hapten-labeled tubulin and then processed for triple-label immunofluorescence to determine the pattern of incorporation of the injected subunits into [Tyr]- and [Glu]-MTs. Within 2 min of microinjection, hapten-labeled domains were present at the ends of virtually all [Tyr]MTs but were absent from most [Glu]MTs, demonstrating that [Tyr]MTs grew, whereas most [Glu]MTs did not. After 1 hr of incubation, all [Tyr]MTs analyzed were copolymers of endogenous and hapten-labeled subunits, indicating complete and rapid turnover of these MTs. However, the majority of [Glu]MTs were not hapten-labeled, indicating that they had not turned over. Even 16 hr after injection, cells that had not divided retained a small proportion of [Glu]MTs lacking hapten, implying that some had persisted for most of a cell generation. At mitosis, all MTs were hapten-labeled, indicating that the stable interphase [Glu]MTs had depolymerized. The results establish that the MT network is heterogeneous in its turnover rate, being composed of at least two populations: [Tyr]MTs that turn over rapidly and [Glu]MTs that turn over slowly.
A novel low-thermal-budget approach for the co-production of ethylene and hydrogen<i>via</i>the electrochemical non-oxidative deprotonation of ethane (2018)

A novel non-oxidative approach to convert ethane into ethylene and pure hydrogen electrochemically at 400 °C with low-thermal-budget and low-carbon-footprint.
UVR2 ensures transgenerational genome stability under simulated natural UV-B in Arabidopsis t haliana (2016)

Ground levels of solar UV-B radiation induce DNA damage. Sessile phototrophic organisms such as vascular plants are recurrently exposed to sunlight and require UV-B photoreception, flavonols shielding, direct reversal of pyrimidine dimers and nucleotide excision repair for resistance against UV-B radiation. However, the frequency of UV-B-induced mutations is unknown in plants. Here we quantify the amount and types of mutations in the offspring of Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and UV-B-hypersensitive mutants exposed to simulated natural UV-B over their entire life cycle. We show that reversal of pyrimidine dimers by UVR2 photolyase is the major mechanism required for sustaining plant genome stability across generations under UV-B. In addition to widespread somatic expression, germline-specific UVR2 activity occurs during late flower development, and is important for ensuring low mutation rates in male and female cell lineages. This allows plants to maintain genome integrity in the germline despite exposure to UV-B.
CDSP: an application-specific digital signal processor for third generation wireless communications (2002)

This paper presents an application-specific digital signal processor for third generation wireless communications. The processor architecture and instruction set are specially designed for the WCDMA system. These features make the proposed DSP outperform prior arts in terms of several crucial operations of wireless applications.