gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quality Assessment for Crowdsourced Object Annotations (2011)

As computer vision datasets grow larger the community is increasingly relying on crowdsourced annotations to train and test our algorithms. Due to the heterogeneous and unpredictable capability of online annotators, various strategies have been proposed to “clean” crowdsourced annotations. However, these strategies typically involve getting more annotations, perhaps different types of annotations (e.g. a grading task), rather than computationally assessing the annotation or image content. In this paper we propose and evaluate several strategies for automatically estimating the quality of a spatial object annotation. We show that one can significantly outperform simple baselines, such as that used by LabelMe, by combining multiple image-based annotation assessment strategies.
Analysis of television picture using eye movement. (1986)

画像から受ける各種心理効果を生体信号によって客観的に評価する研究を進めている.その中でも最も情報量の多い客観指標である視線の動きに注目し, テレビ画像の見方について分析を行った.この論文では, このために開発した注視点情報分析装置 (Vision Analyser) を紹介するとともに, これを用いて行った実験結果を示す.まずステレオ音像によって視線が誘導され注視点分布が広がること, また, ハイビジョンの見方の分析では, ハイビジョンの “きめ細かでワイドな映像” の効果が実際の視線の動きにも充分反映され, 大きな画面を広く見るために視線は画面全体を大きく速く動く一方で, 興味のあると思われる部分については低速で細かく動くことがわかった.このようなハイビジョンの見方の特徴について分析を行った結果から, ハイビジョンでは “生” で見たときの視線の動きに一歩近づくことなどが明らかとなった.
The effects of lithium and anticonvulsants on brain structure in bipolar disorder (2010)

Lithium treatment in BD has a significant effect on brain structure particularly in limbic/paralimbic regions associated with emotional processing.
Interaction of a Liver-Specific Nuclear Factor with the Fibrinogen and α <sub>1</sub> -Antitrypsin Promoters (1987)

The orderly and sequential activation of genes during development is hypothesized to be related to the selective expression of groups of regulatory proteins acting primarily at the level of transcription. A nuclear protein was found in hepatocytes, but not other cell types, that binds to a sequence required for hepatocyte-specific transcription of the gene for the beta chain of fibrinogen. This protein, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 (HNF1), also interacts with homologous sequences required for optimal promoter function of the genes for the alpha chain of fibrinogen and alpha 1-antitrypsin. The promoter or enhancer regions for several viral and cellular genes not expressed in the liver did not compete for this binding. The restricted expression of HNF1 and its selective interaction with the control regions of several liver-specific genes indicate that it is involved in developmentally regulated gene expression in the liver.
NM23-H1 and NM23-H2 Repress Transcriptional Activities of Nuclease-hypersensitive Elements in the Platelet-derived Growth Factor-A Promoter (2002)

The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A promoter is regulated by a number of GC-rich regulatory elements that possess non-B-form DNA structures. Screening of a HeLa cDNA expression library with the C-rich strand of a PDGF-A silencer sequence (5-S1 nuclease-hypersensitive site (SHS)) yielded three cDNA clones encoding NM23-H1, a protein implicated as a suppressor of metastasis in melanoma and breast carcinoma. Recombinant human NM23-H1 cleaved within the 3-portions of both 5-SHS strands in either singlestranded or duplex forms. In contrast, NM23-H2, known as a transcriptional activator with a DNA cleavage function, cleaved within the 5-portions of both strands, revealing that NM23-H1 and NM23-H2 cleave at distinct sites of the 5-SHS and by different mechanisms. NM23-H1 and NM23-H2 also cleaved within the PDGF-A basal promoter region, again exhibiting preferences for cleavage within the 5-and 3-portions of the element, respectively. Transient transfection analyses in HepG2 cells revealed that both NM23-H1 and -H2 repressed transcriptional activity driven by the PDGF-A basal promoter (82 to 8). Activity of the negative regulatory region (1853 to 883), which contains the 5-SHS, was also inhibited modestly by NM23-H1 and NM23-H2. These studies demonstrate for the first time that NM23-H1 interacts both structurally and functionally with DNA. They also indicate a role for NM23 proteins in repressing transcription of a growth factor oncogene, providing a possible molecular mechanism to explain their metastasis-suppressing effects.
Anatomic and Technical Considerations of Pedicle Screw Fixation (1992)

Pedicle screw systems provide significant and, in many cases, improved and previously unattainable spinal fixation. However, pedicle screw systems represent difficult surgical techniques involving several potential problems and complications. Only by detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the spine, with a clear understanding of the pedicle screw systems implementation, can the risks of complications be minimized.
Clustering Experiments on Big Transaction Data for Market Segmentation (2014)

This paper addresses the Volume dimension of Big Data. It presents a preliminary work on finding segments of retailers from a large amount of Electronic Funds Transfer at Point Of Sale (EFTPOS) transaction data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a work on Big EFTPOS Data problem has been reported. A data reduction technique using the RFM (Recency, Frequency, Monetary) analysis as applied to a large data set is presented. Ways to optimise clustering techniques used to segment the big data set through data partitioning and parallelization are explained. Preliminary analysis on the segments of the retailers output from the clustering experiments demonstrates that further drilling down into the retailer segments to find more insights into their business behaviours is warranted.
Immunochemical differences between oral and nonoral strains of Bacteroides asaccharolyticus (1980)

We undertook a morphological and immunochemical comparison of purified outer membrane antigens from oral and nonoral isolates of Bacteroides asaccharolyticus. Electron micrographs of thin sections of whole bacteria revealed a compact, electron-dense capsule external to the outer membrane of oral strains. A loose, web-like material was noted on the surface of several nonoral strains that was distinct from the dense capsule seen on oral strains. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed distinct differences in the protein band pattern between oral and nonoral isolates; sugar composition was similar with a few exceptions. An indirect fluorescent-antibody test utilizing antiserum to a purified capsular antigen from a single oral strain cross-reacted with all of numerous oral and nonoral strains of B. asaccharolyticus, thereby demonstrating a shared antigen that is species specific for B. asaccharolyticus. However, antibodies to an oral strain-derived capsular antigen were detectable by enzyme immunoassay only in serum from rabbits immunized with oral strains. Thus, definite morphological and immunochemical differences were found between oral and nonoral isolates of B.asaccharolyticus.
Study of caspase inhibitors for limiting death in mammalian cell culture (2002)

Apoptosis in mammalian cell culture is associated with decreased bioproduct yields and can be inhibited through altering the intracellular signaling pathways mediating programmed cell death. In this study, we evaluated the capacity to inhibit caspases to maintain high viable cell numbers in CHO and 293 cultures. Two genetic caspase inhibitors, XIAP and CrmA, were examined along with a mutant of each, XIAP-BIR123NC, which contains three BIR domains but lacks the RING finger, and CrmA-DQMD, which has CrmA's pseudosubstrate site replaced with that of another caspase inhibitor, p35. Stable CHO pooled and 293 clonal cell lines expressing each protein were exposed to apoptotic insults, including spent medium, Sindbis virus, and etoposide. For each insult the mutated protein resulted in higher viabilities than its wild-type counterpart. However, the mutants provided different levels of protection, depending on the insult considered. CrmA-DQMD was the preferred inhibitor for spent medium-induced apoptosis, whereas XIAP-BIR123NC conferred better protection for etoposide-induced death. Addition of Z-VAD.fmk to the genetically engineered cells enhanced viabilities in the presence of spent medium or etoposide; however, the largest increases in viability were experienced by the control cells, indicating an overlap in caspase inhibition between the genetic and chemical inhibitors. Finally, parental 293 cells were treated with caspase-8 and -9 inhibitors, Z-IETD.fmk and Z-LEHD.fmk, in concert with spent medium or etoposide exposure. Spent medium-induced death was delayed more readily with the caspase-8 inhibitors, CrmA-DQMD and Z-IETD.fmk, and etoposide-induced death was stalled more so with XIAP-BIR123NC and Z-LEHD.fmk. These results suggest that the apoptosis pathways induced and the level of protection afforded by a particular caspase inhibitor may vary with the insult considered.
Evaluating Sketchiness as a Visual Variable for the Depiction of Qualitative Uncertainty (2012)

We report on results of a series of user studies on the perception of four visual variables that are commonly used in the literature to depict uncertainty. To the best of our knowledge, we provide the first formal evaluation of the use of these variables to facilitate an easier reading of uncertainty in visualizations that rely on line graphical primitives. In addition to blur, dashing and grayscale, we investigate the use of `sketchiness' as a visual variable because it conveys visual impreciseness that may be associated with data quality. Inspired by work in non-photorealistic rendering and by the features of hand-drawn lines, we generate line trajectories that resemble hand-drawn strokes of various levels of proficiency-ranging from child to adult strokes-where the amount of perturbations in the line corresponds to the level of uncertainty in the data. Our results show that sketchiness is a viable alternative for the visualization of uncertainty in lines and is as intuitive as blur; although people subjectively prefer dashing style over blur, grayscale and sketchiness. We discuss advantages and limitations of each technique and conclude with design considerations on how to deploy these visual variables to effectively depict various levels of uncertainty for line marks.
Semiconductor opening switch research at IEP (2002)

This paper describes the physical principles of operation of semiconductor opening switches (SOS). The SOS effect occurs at a current density of up to 60 kA/cm/sup 2/ in silicon p/sup +/-p-n-n/sup +/ structures filled with residual electron-hole plasma with the concentration between 10/sup 16/ and 10/sup 17/ cm/sup -3/. On the basis of a theoretical model developed for plasma dynamic calculation the mechanism by which the current passes through the structure at the stage of high conduction and the processes that occur at the stage of current interruption have been investigated. Dynamics of the electron-hole plasma were calculated with allowance for real distribution of impurity doping in the structures. Experimentally obtained current density-time, and current density-interruption time dependencies of semiconductor opening switches are discussed. Applications of the SOS effect in pulsed power is also be demonstrated.
Comparison of inhaled salmeterol and oral zafirlukast in asthmatic patients using concomitant inhaled corticosteroids. (2001)

For asthmatic patients who remain symptomatic on inhaled corticosteroids, augmenting the therapy with additional long-term control medication is advocated. Long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists and leukotriene modifiers are 2 therapeutic alternatives in the long-term controller class.To compare the addition of a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist to the addition of an oral leukotriene modifier for asthma therapy in patients who remain symptomatic on inhaled corticosteroids.Double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group, multicenter clinical studies.54 outpatient clinical centers.429 male and female patients with asthma 12 years of age and older who were symptomatic while taking inhaled corticosteroids.Salmeterol xinafoate 42 mcg via metered dose inhaler twice daily or oral zafirlukast 20 mg twice daily.Pulmonary function, asthma symptoms, supplemental albuterol use, asthma quality of life scores, and adverse events.Inhaled salmeterol provided significantly greater improvement in pulmonary function as well as significantly greater relief of both daytime and nighttime asthma symptoms compared with oral zafirlukast in patients concurrently treated with inhaled corticosteroids. The use of supplemental albuterol was reduced to a greater extent with salmeterol compared with zafirlukast. Patients treated with salmeterol showed significantly greater improvement in Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) scores and were satisfied with how fast, how long, and how well the medication worked compared with patients in the zafirlukast group. Both treatments were well tolerated and demonstrated similar safety profiles.In patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma not sufficiently controlled with inhaled corticosteroids alone, the combination of inhaled salmeterol and inhaled corticosteroids is superior to the combination of oral zafirlukast and inhaled corticosteroids as stepwise therapy.
Poverty and Health in the United States (1969)

It is bad enough that a man should be ignorant for it cuts him off from the commerce of other men's minds. It is perhaps worse that a man should be poor for this condemns him to a life of stint and scheming in which there is no time for dreams and no respite from weariness. But what is surely the worst is that a man should be ill for this prevents his doing anything much about either his poverty or his ignorance. (Nash, R. M., Amer. J. Public Health 58: 167, 1968, from George Kimble, Tropical Africa.)
The NADPH Oxidase NOX4 Drives Cardiac Differentiation: Role in Regulating Cardiac Transcription Factors and MAP Kinase Activation (2006)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by the NOX family of NADPH oxidases have been described to act as second messengers regulating cell growth and differentiation. However, such a function has hitherto not been convincingly demonstrated. We investigated the role of NOX-derived ROS in cardiac differentiation using mouse embryonic stem cells. ROS scavengers prevented the appearance of spontaneously beating cardiac cells within embryoid bodies. Down-regulation of NOX4, the major NOX isoform present during early stages of differentiation, suppressed cardiogenesis. This was rescued by a pulse of low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide 4 d before spontaneous beating appears. Mechanisms of ROS-dependent signaling included p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and nuclear translocation of the cardiac transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C). Our results provide first molecular evidence that the NOX family of NADPH oxidases regulate vertebrate developmental processes.
Polymers with Acid-amplifying Side Chains as Positive-type Photoresists (2004)

Novel polymers substituted with acid-amplifying units in their side chain are described, aiming at developing photoresist materials exhibiting both of the suppression of the mobility of generated acids and the enhancement of photosensitivity. The thermal decomposition of pinanediol monosulfonate groups tethered covalently to polymer backbones derived from 2-hydroxypinanyl-3 p-styrenesulfonate proceeds non-linearly and involves the autocatalytic process to generate sulfonic acid groups in the side chains. Photoresists comprised of the homopolymer or a copolymer of a high loading (62 %) of the acid-amplifying unit and a photoacid generator exhibited no alikaline developability probably because of a dissolution inhibitory effect of rearranged product(s) from the acid-amplifying unit. On the other hand, copolymers of the acid-amplifying monomer of 10% and 42% loadings with tert-butyl methacrylate gave positive-tone photoresists developable with an aqueous alkali to display high photosensitivity.
e-Learning en la formación a distancia y en los nuevos contextos corporativos (2003)

este articulo, de marcado caracter divulgativo, pretende dar una vision de la inclusion del e-Learning en los procesos de formacion considerados como tradicionales (formacion a distancia y presencial); no obstante se abordaran casos practicos donde se puedan ver los resultados de dicha aplicacion en el marco de las llamadas ?unidades emprendedoras?, pequenos grupos de investigacion y departamentos promovidos por Universidades que estan aplicando entre sus profesores y alumnos acciones innovadoras.
APOE4 predicts amyloid-β in cortical brain biopsy but not idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (2012)

Kuopio NPH Registry (http://www.uef.fi/nph).
Measurement of surface tension and contact angle using entropic edge detection (2001)

This paper presents a new method to measure the surface tension and the contact angle of a liquid. The measurement procedure comprises three steps: acquisition of the liquid drop image, image segmentation to obtain the contour of the drop and surface-tension and contact-angle calculation by the ADSA method. In the second step a new segmentation method is used based on the Jensen-Shannon divergence, an entropic measurement of coherence among distribution probabilities. The advantages of using this entropic edge-detection method are shown; it is especially suitable when the source image of the drop is affected by any kind of noise, blur or low-contrast effect. Results reveal a better performance than other methods used in this field.
Systematic review of genetic influences on the prognosis of colorectal cancer (2004)

Conflicting evidence exists as to the prognostic significance of genes commonly implicated in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma. Possible causes for such discrepancy include differences in study methods and laboratory techniques, variable duration of follow-up, statistical differences in study power, and heterogeneity in study populations. Future studies should adopt standardized protocols to define clinically relevant genetic observations.
Mining Requirements From Closed-Loop Control Models (2015)

Formal verification of a control system can be performed by checking if a model of its dynamical behavior conforms to temporal requirements. Unfortunately, adoption of formal verification in an industrial setting is a formidable challenge as design requirements are often vague, nonmodular, evolving, or sometimes simply unknown. We propose a framework to mine requirements from a closed-loop model of an industrial-scale control system, such as one specified in Simulink. The input to our algorithm is a requirement template expressed in parametric signal temporal logic: a logical formula in which concrete signal or time values are replaced with parameters. Given a set of simulation traces of the model, our method infers values for the template parameters to obtain the strongest candidate requirement satisfied by the traces. It then tries to falsify the candidate requirement using a falsification tool. If a counterexample is found, it is added to the existing set of traces and these steps are repeated; otherwise, it terminates with the synthesized requirement. Requirement mining has several usage scenarios: mined requirements can be used to formally validate future modifications of the model, they can be used to gain better understanding of legacy models or code, and can also help enhancing the process of bug finding through simulations. We demonstrate the scalability and utility of our technique on three complex case studies in the domain of automotive powertrain systems: a simple automatic transmission controller, an air-fuel controller with a mean-value model of the engine dynamics, and an industrial-size prototype airpath controller for a diesel engine. We include results on a bug found in the prototype controller by our method.
Ein neues Verfahren zur Darstellung von Thio- und Thioxowolframaten / A Novel Preparation of Thio- and Thioxotungstates (1973)

Salts of the anions WS 4 2 -, WOS 3 2 - and WO 2 S 2 2 - can be obtained from ethanol by sulfanolysis of tungsten(VI)oxidetetraethoxide, WO(OC 2 H 5 ) 4 , in the presence of bases.
Decentralized motion planning for multiple robots subject to sensing and communication constraints (2003)

We address the problem of planning the motion of a team of mobile robots subject to constraints imposed by sensors and the communication network. Our goal is to develop a decentralized motion control system that leads each robot to their individual goals while keeping connectivity with the neighbors. We present experimental results with a group of car-like robots equipped with omnidirectional vision systems.
Enhancement of reverberant speech using LP residual (2002)

In this paper we propose a new method of processing speech degraded by reverberation. The method is based on analysis of short (2 ms) segments of data to enhance the regions in the speech signal having high signal to reverberant component ratio (SRR). The short segment analysis shows that SRR is different in different segments of speech. The processing method involves identifying and manipulating the linear prediction residual in three different regions of the speech signal, namely, the high SRR region, the low SRR region and only the reverberation component region. A weighting function is derived to modify the LP residual. The weighted residual samples are used to excite the time-varying LP all-pole filter to obtain perceptually enhanced speech.
Combined inhibition of the cell cycle related proteins Wee1 and Chk1/2 induces synergistic anti-cancer effect in melanoma (2015)

These data provide a rationale for further evaluation of the combination of Wee1 and Chk1/2 inhibitors in malignant melanoma.
Virtual Private Grid: A Command Shell for Utilizing Hundreds of Machines Efficiently (2003)

We design and implement Virtual Private Grid (VPG), a shell that can easily and securely utilize a large number of machines distributed over multiple administrative domains. Today, many people have an access to a large number of machines across multiple subnets or geographically distributed places. These machines are managed by different administrators, and for the sake of security and administration cost, they impose various restrictions on their use. Methods to work around these restrictions are found on a case-by-case basis and require human intervention. There-fore, it increases the user's cost to utilize remote machines significantly, and consequently decreases the utilization of computational resources. VPG works around these restrictions automatically and can easily utilize a large number of machines in multiple administrative domains. We run VPG on approximately 100 nodes (270 CPUs). Experimental results show that VPG utilizes remote machines more efficiently than other job submission tools.
Computer Performance Modeling Handbook (1983)

review of licensees' codes and performance of audit calculations, and resolution of other Further information about obtaining these computer codes can be found by The capability exists to model thermal hydraulic phenomena in both The toolbox is essentially an electronic handbook with limited computational. bining performance and reliability. In this case, the performance levels can be incorporated into the failure-repair model to study overall system behavior. Computer Science Principles performance tasks and AP Exam. ▷ develop models and simulations of natural and artificial phenomena, use them.
Association of Genetic Variants Related to CETP Inhibitors and Statins With Lipoprotein Levels and Cardiovascular Risk (2017)

Combined exposure to variants in the genes that encode the targets of CETP inhibitors and statins was associated with discordant reductions in LDL-C and apoB levels and a corresponding risk of cardiovascular events that was proportional to the attenuated reduction in apoB but significantly less than expected per unit change in LDL-C. The clinical benefit of lowering LDL-C levels may therefore depend on the corresponding reduction in apoB-containing lipoprotein particles.