gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aerospace Communications for Emergency Applications (2011)

In this paper, the current trends and the most recent advancements in the utilization of aerospace communications for emergency rescue applications will be discussed, with a special focus on the integration of the aerospace segment with terrestrial backbones and ad hoc terrestrial networks for both data connections and assisted localization (information about position is essential in emergency relief).
Harmonic Based Diagnostics for Aging Lithium-Ion Battery (2019)

This paper proposes a new battery diagnostic method based on harmonic analysis. The proposed diagnostic method applies the designed sinusoidal signal to the battery. The designed sinusoidal signal is distorted as it passes through the battery. The distorted signals contain harmonic components, which vary in amplitude and pattern depending on the degree of aging battery. In comparison with the simulation and the experiment results, harmonics profile changes between normal battery and aging battery are confirmed and represent nonlinear characteristic of the degradation of battery performance. As a result, the harmonic analysis of aging battery provides a new aging indicator in battery diagnostics.
Linear High Molecular Weight Ladder Polymer via Fast Polycondensation of 5,5′,6,6′‐Tetrahydroxy‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethylspirobisindane with 1,4‐Dicyanotetrafluorobenzene (2008)

Abstract A high molecular weight ladder polymer based on 5,5′,6,6′‐tetrahydroxy‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethylspirobisindane and 1,4‐dicyanotetraflurobenzene has been synthesized by polycondensation under high‐intensity mixing conditions at about 155 °C and cyclic‐free products were obtained in high yield with low molecular weight distribution (1.7–2.3). The reaction could be completed within a few minutes. The polymer properties were characterized by GPC, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, F NMR, FT‐IR, and MALDI‐TOF MS. In addition, the mechanical properties, apparent surface areas and gas permeability are also reported. This procedure can also be used for the synthesis of other ladder polymers by irreversible polycondensations of tetraphenols with activated tetrafluoro aromatics. magnified image
Secure Communications Using Blockchain Technology (2018)

A secure communications infrastructure featuring email, chat, and a MIPR application was developed to a proof of concept level using a blockchain database to store the contents. The blockchain, which already provides a completely secure method of exchanging cryptocurrencies, can be extended to any transactional or communications paradigm. Email applications are described in which application-level standard protocols (e.g. SMTP, POP3, IMAP) were enhanced to optionally allow messages to be routed through a blockchain using familiar client applications such as MS Outlook or Thunderbird. Chat applications are discussed similarly, using the IRC protocol and a custom web-based protocol based on Socket. IO. A MIPR application is also featured where the ability of multiple parties to sign documents and release funds is illustrated. The integrity of the blockchain, inherent in its distributed nature, is discussed along with enhanced software to enable quick recovery from a breach.
HEVC Compression Artifact Reduction with Generative Adversarial Networks (2019)

Video compression technology is significant to video transmission and storage. However, compression artifacts arise in videos. Specifically, coarse quantization eliminates video details and degrades visual quality. Most of artifact reduction methods use filter processing or Mean Square Error (MSE)loss that leads to over-smoothing results. Moreover, most of the methods target to reduce single image compression artifact instead of video artifact. In this paper, we present an adversarial learning method with recurrent framework called Video Artifact Reduction Generative Adversarial Network (VRGAN). Our network contains a generator with recurrent framework that improves video consistency, a dense block that enhances receptive field for large transform unit, and a relativistic discriminator that evaluates the relationship between the generated frames and the original high-quality frames. Our VRGAN is able to generate more realistic videos. The effectiveness in reducing video compression artifacts of the method has been demonstrated qualitatively and quantitatively. The performance comparison with previous works shows the superiority of the proposed method.
Further Characterization of the Impaired Bactericidal Function of Granulocytes in Patients with Poorly Controlled Diabetes (1978)

Granulocytes of patients with diabetes mellitus have an impaired capability to engulf bacteria, but it is not clear whether subsequent intracellular killing, which has separate energy sources, is also defective. We separately assayed engulfment and intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus 502a by granulocytes of 17 diabetic patients with fasting hyperglycemia to better characterize the phagocytic defect. Diabetic granulocytes engulfed a smaller proportion than controls of a 106 inoculum of bacteria after 20 minutes of incubation in vitro (56.8 ± 9.4 per cent versus 72.4 ± 3.6 per cent, mean ± S.E. of 10 patients and paired controls, p &lt; 0.05), but after 60 minutes of incubation this defect had disappeared. Intracellular killing of staphylococci by granulocytes from seven diabetics (68.6 ± 8.9 per cent of a 106 inoculum) was less (p &lt; 0.01) than that of paired controls (80.3 ± 4.5 per cent) after two hours of incubation. Seven patients were retested during a period of improved diabetes' control; intracellular killing of staphylococci by granulocytes of six of the seven increased considerably and either exceeded the paired control value or approached it to within 75 per cent. These data suggest that a primary defect exists in intracellular killing of staphylococci by granulocytes from poorly controlled diabetics in addition to that previously shown in engulfment. This bactericidal activity becomes more efficient when the diabetes is brought under better control.
Advances in remineralization for early carious lesions: a comprehensive review. (2014)

A greater understanding of the dental caries process and improved and more diverse methodologies to assess early demineralization and caries has enabled development of a new class of remineralizing therapeutics. Hence, an emerging goal of modern dentistry is to manage non-cavitated carious lesions non-invasively through remineralization in an effort to prevent disease progression and improve strength, esthetics, and function of teeth. A critical element fundamental to this current therapeutic philosophy is the need for new and highly efficacious technologies for enamel remineralization. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of new compositions and to review contemporary nonfluoridated systems in terms of their basic composition, mode of delivery, and currently available evidence.
Effects of Novel Polymorphisms in the RAGE Gene on Transcriptional Regulation and Their Association With Diabetic Retinopathy (2001)

Interactions between advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the receptor for AGE (RAGE) are implicated in the vascular complications in diabetes. We have identified eight novel polymorphisms, of which the -1420 (GGT)n, -1393 G/T, -1390 G/T, and -1202 G/A were in the overlapping PBX2 3' untranslated region (UTR), and the -429 T/C (66.5% TT, 33.5% TC/CC), -407 to -345 deletion (99% I, 1% I/D, 0% D), -374 T/A (66.4% TT, 33.6% TA/AA), and +20 T/A were in the RAGE promoter. To evaluate the effects on transcriptional activity, we measured chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter gene expression, driven by variants of the -738 to +49 RAGE gene fragment containing the four polymorphisms identified close to the transcriptional start site. The -429 C, -374 A, and 63-bp deletion alleles resulted in a mean increase of CAT expression of twofold (P < 0.0001), threefold (P < 0.001), and fourfold (P < 0.05), respectively, with the -374 T and A alleles yielding highly differential binding of nuclear protein extract from both monocyte- and hepatocyte-derived cell lines. The prevalence of the functional polymorphisms were investigated in subjects with type 2 diabetes (106 with and 109 without retinopathy), with the -429 C allele showing an increase in the retinopathy group (P < 0.05). These data suggest that the polymorphisms involved in differences in RAGE gene regulation may influence the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications.
Sox2 signaling in prosensory domain specification and subsequent hair cell differentiation in the developing cochlea (2008)

Sox2 is a high-mobility transcription factor that is one of the earliest markers of developing inner ear prosensory domains. In humans, mutations in SOX2 cause sensorineural hearing loss and a loss of function study in mice showed that Sox2 is required for prosensory formation in the cochlea. However, the specific roles of Sox2 have not been determined. Here we illustrate a dynamic role of Sox2 as an early permissive factor in prosensory domain formation followed by a mutually antagonistic relationship with Atoh1, a bHLH protein necessary for hair cell development. We demonstrate that decreased levels of Sox2 result in precocious hair cell differentiation and an over production of inner hair cells and that these effects are likely mediated through an antagonistic interaction between Sox2 and the bHLH molecule Atoh1. Using gain- and loss-of-function experiments we provide evidence for the molecular pathway responsible for the formation of the cochlear prosensory domain. Sox2 expression is promoted by Notch signaling and Prox1, a homeobox transcription factor, is a downstream target of Sox2. These results demonstrate crucial and diverse roles for Sox2 in the development, specification, and maintenance of sensory cells within the cochlea.
Insights in costing of continuous broadband internet on trains to allow delivering value via services (2013)

Continuous broadband Internet on trains is at the moment being deployed worldwide but not always profitable. Solely providing internet for travellers will have a negative return on investment. But, different service providers could be interested to share the unused capacity of resources deployed to offer other services. In this way, resources and their costs are shared over several services and revenues may rise above the total cost. Service operators should therefore be able to make well informed decisions based on an ex-ante estimate of the cost of a service. Using activity based costing (ABC), we investigate on the one hand how to determine the total cost of resources supplied and on the other how to estimate the cost of consumed resources of a service. Our results show that ABC can adequately cope with the case specific nature of the rollout of services on a train. ABC provides insights in the contributors to the cost per service and the unused capacity. Moreover, obtained results can be used to distribute the cost based on the usage of resources, activities and services, evaluate the service mix and identify candidates for outsourcing. Still, ABC does not give insight in how the unused capacity of a resource should be allocated. The optimal allocation of unused capacity will therefore remain the focus of future work.
Monounsaturated fats and immune function (1998)

Animal studies suggest that olive oil is capable of modulating functions of cells of the immune system in a manner similar to, albeit weaker than, fish oils. There is some evidence that the effects of olive oil on immune function in animal studies are due to oleic acid rather than to trace elements or antioxidants. Importantly, several studies have demonstrated effects of oleic acid-containing diets on in vivo immune responses. In contrast, consumption of a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-rich diet by humans does not appear to bring about a general suppression of immune cell functions. The effects of this diet in humans are limited to decreasing aspects of adhesion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, although there are trends towards decreases in natural killer cell activity and proliferation. The lack of a clear effect of MUFA in humans may be attributable to the higher level of monounsaturated fat used in the animal studies, although it is ultimately of importance to examine the effects of intakes which are in no way extreme. The effects of MUFA on adhesion molecules are potentially important, since these molecules appear to have a role in the pathology of a number of diseases involving the immune system. This area clearly deserves further exploration.
Nervous system agents (2003)

1. ADRENERGICS AND ADRENERGIC-BLOCKING AGENTS (Robert K. Griffith, West Virginia University, School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, West Virginia).2. CHOLINERGICS (Joseph G. Cannon, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa).3. ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS (B. V. Rama Sastry, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee).4. CNS STIMULANTS (David E. Nichols, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences, Purdue University, Indiana, West Lafayette).5. SEDATIVE-HYPNOTICS (Julius Vida, Vida International Pharmaceutical Consultants, Greenwich, Connecticut Joseph Yevich, Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut).6. ANTICONVULSANTS (Kenneth R. Scott, School of Pharmacy, Howard University, Washington, DC).7. NARCOTIC ANALGESICS (Jane V. Aldrich, Sandra C. Vigil-Cruz, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas).8. ANTIDEPRESSANTS (Leslie Iversen, University of Oxford, Department of Pharmacology, Oxford, United Kingdom Richard A. Glennon, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia).9. ANTIANXIETY AGENTS (Kevin S. Currie, Neurogen Corporation, Branford, Connecticut).10. ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS (C. Anthony Altar, Psychiatric Genomics, Inc., Department of Gene Discovery, Gaithersburg, Maryland Arnold R. Martin, University of Arizona, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, Arizona Andrew Thurkauf, Neurogen Corporation, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Branford, Connecticut).11. INVESTIGATIVE AGENTS FOR USE IN NEURODEGENERATIVE CONDITIONS (James David Adams Jr., Department of Molecular, Pharmacology and Toxicology, USC School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, California Thomas F. Woolf, HyBar BioScience, LLC, Ann Arbor, Michigan).12. THERAPEUTIC AND DIAGNOSTIC AGENTS FOR PARKINSON'S DISEASE (John L. NeumeyerRoss J. Baldessarini, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts Raymond G. Booth, School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina).13. ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: SEARCH FOR THERAPEUTICS (W. Janusz Rzeszotarski, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland).14. COGNITION ENHANCERS (Clark N. Eid, Jr., Yong-Jin Wu, Division of Central Nervous System Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wallingford, Connecticut Gene G. Kinney, Department of Neuroscience, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania).15. DRUGS TO TREAT EATING AND BODY WEIGHT DISORDERS (Philip A. Carpino, John R. Hadcock, Pfizer Global Research & Development-Groton Labs, Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Groton, Connecticut).INDEX.CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Dynamic Surface Tension Measurement of Water Surfactant Solutions (2009)

Dynamic surface tension data for the mixture water + 1-octanol and water + 2-ethyl-1-hexanol with an alcohol mass fraction between 1.6·10−5 and 10−3 at (20, 40, and 60) °C were measured. The age of the surface was varied between (0.005 and 50) s. A correlation of the data is given. It has been found that the surface tension of water + 2-ethyl-1-hexanol relaxes faster with respect to time than the surface tension of water + 1-octanol. The results are discussed with respect to the use in absorption chillers.
Emission and Detection of Terahertz Radiation Using Two-Dimensional Electrons in III–V Semiconductors and Graphene (2013)

Recent advances in emission and detection of terahertz radiation using two-dimensional (2D) electron systems in III–V semiconductors and graphene are described. First the 2D plasmon resonance is presented to demonstrate intense broadband terahertz emission and detection from InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs and InAlAs/InGaAs/InP material systems. The device structure is based on a high-electron mobility transistor and incorporates the author's original asymmetrically interdigitated dual-grating gates. Second topic focuses on graphene, a monolayer carbon-atomic honeycomb lattice crystal, exhibiting peculiar carrier transport and optical properties owing to massless and gapless energy spectrum. Theoretical and experimental studies toward the creation of graphene terahertz injection lasers are described.
Partially overlapped channels not considered harmful (2006)

Many wireless channels in different technologies are known to have partial overlap. However, due to the interference effects among such partially overlapped channels, their simultaneous use has typically been avoided. In this paper, we present a first attempt to model partial overlap between channels in a systematic manner. Through the model, we illustrate that the use of partially overlapped channels is not always harmful. In fact, a careful use of some partially overlapped channels can often lead to significant improvements in spectrum utilization and application performance. We demonstrate this through analysis as well as through detailed application-level and MAC-level measurements. Additionally, we illustrate the benefits of our developed model by using it to directly enhance the performance of two previously proposed channel assignment algorithms --- one in the context of wireless LANs and the other in the context of multi-hop wireless mesh networks. Through detailed simulations, we show that use of partially overlapped channels in both these cases can improve end-to-end application throughput by factors between 1.6 and 2.7 in different scenarios, depending on wireless node density. We conclude by observing that the notion of partial overlap can be the right model of flexibility to design efficient channel access mechanisms in the emerging software radio platforms.
Prostate Cancer Molecular Imaging Standardized Evaluation (PROMISE): Proposed miTNM Classification for the Interpretation of PSMA-Ligand PET/CT (2017)

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-ligand PET imaging provides unprecedented accuracy for whole-body staging of prostate cancer. As PSMA-ligand PET/CT is increasingly adopted in clinical trials and routine practice worldwide, a unified language for image reporting is urgently needed. We propose a molecular imaging TNM system (miTNM, version 1.0) as a standardized reporting framework for PSMA-ligand PET/CT or PET/MRI. miTNM is designed to organize findings in comprehensible categories to promote the exchange of information among physicians and institutions. Additionally, flowcharts integrating findings of PSMA-ligand PET and morphologic imaging have been designed to guide image interpretation. Specific applications, such as assessment of prognosis or impact on management, should be evaluated in future trials. miTNM is a living framework that evolves with clinical experience and scientific data.
Conformational origin of a difficult coupling in a human growth hormone releasing factor analog. (1992)

During the solid-phase synthesis of the human growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) analog [Ala15, Leu27, Asn28] -GRF(1-32)-OH, incorporation of Boc-Gln16 was determined to be incomplete. While aggregation of growing resin-bound peptide chains with concomitant beta-sheet formation and "precipitation" has been proposed to account in general for such "difficult coupling," no feature of sequence in the Gln16 region of this GRF analog provided an immediate rationale for this result. We now report 500 MHz 1H NMR spectra of a series of resin-bound GRF segments surrounding the Gln16 position (19-32 through 14-32), swelled in dimethylsulfoxide-d6 solutions [GRF(14-32) = Leu14-Ala-Gln-Leu-Ser(Bzl)-Ala-Arg(Tos)-Lys(CIZ)-Leu- Leu-Gln-Asp(OcHex)-Ile-Leu-Asn-Arg(Tos)-Gln-Gln-Gly32-PAM resin]. While relatively sharp spectra are observed for GRF(19-32), components with resonances broadened by an order-of-magnitude appear in spectra of the 18-32 and 17-32 peptide-resin, and the entire spectrum of 16-32 is ill-resolved and highly broadened. Subsequent spectra sharpen again (15-32, 14-32). These combined synthesis/spectroscopic experimental results, in conjunction with predictive analyses using standard Chou-Fasman 2 degrees structure parameters, suggest that the completeness of the Gln16 coupling is hindered by formation of a specific, folded beta-sheet/beta-turn structure in GRF(16-32) (with the turn located at 18-21, "upstream" of the difficult coupling site), and accompanying aggregation of peptide chains. This analysis suggests that awareness of such potential beta-sheet/beta-turn sequences can guide analog choices, and/or facilitate pre-programming of synthesis steps in anticipation of problem couplings.
Suppression by Azelastine Hydrochloride of NF-/.KAPPA.B Activation Involved in Generation of Cytokines and Nitric Oxide. (1997)

The influence of the anti-allergy agent azelastine hydrochloride (Azeptin) on NF-kappa B activation associated with the generation of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) was investigated in various kinds of human and mouse cells. Azeptin dose-dependently suppressed both DNA and protein synthesis in human gingival fibroblasts (HF) and also suppressed blastogenesis of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Generation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1-beta, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-6 from 10(-5) M Azeptin-treated PBL and human monocytes (HM) was decreased to approximately 1/3 to 2/3 of the control levels. In parallel with the decreased cytokine generation, each cytokine mRNA was less expressed in the presence of 10(-5) M Azeptin. In addition, both inducible nitric oxide synthase-mRNA level and NO generation in mouse peritoneal macrophages were suppressed by 10(-5) M Azeptin. Being compatible with those results, Azeptin (10(-5) M) suppressed activation of NF-kappa B in PBL, HM and HF. These results appear to indicate that suppression of cytokine and NO generation by Azeptin results at least partially from the inhibition of NF-kappa B activation.
Antiepileptic Drugs during Pregnancy in Primary Care: A UK Population Based Study (2012)

Lamotrigine has been increasingly prescribed in pregnancy over older AEDs namely carbamazepine and sodium valproate. Pregnancy is a strong determinant for the discontinuation of AED prescribing particularly for women with bipolar disorder.
Suppression of Prostaglandin E1-Induced Pain by Dilution of the Drug with Lidocaine before Intracavernous Injection (1992)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Oct 1992Suppression of Prostaglandin E1-Induced Pain by Dilution of the Drug with Lidocaine before Intracavernous Injection M. Schouman, P. Lacroix, and M. Amer M. SchoumanM. Schouman More articles by this author , P. LacroixP. Lacroix More articles by this author , and M. AmerM. Amer More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)36885-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Suppression of Prostaglandin E1-Induced Pain by Dilution of the Drug with Lidocaine before Intracavernous Injection." The Journal of Urology, 148(4), p. 1266 © 1992 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 148Issue 4October 1992Page: 1266 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1992 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information M. Schouman More articles by this author P. Lacroix More articles by this author M. Amer More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...