gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Method for Enhancing the Performances of Conventional B-Geometry ECR Ion Sources (2005)

The viability of the “volume”‐effect for enhancing the high‐charge‐state populations and intensities of beams extracted from ECR ion sources has been clearly demonstrated at several laboratories. Enlarged ECR zones have been achieved by engineering the central magnetic field so that it is flat and in resonance with single‐frequency rf power or alternatively, by using multiple frequency or broadband techniques to enlarge the ECR volumes within these sources. For example, the performances of conventional B‐geometry sources have been ameliorated at several laboratories through the use of multiple frequency rf power sources. Although the multiple‐discrete frequency method is a very effective means for enhancing the performances of traditional‐B geometry sources, the practical application of the technique is very costly, requiring multiple independent single‐frequency rf power supplies and serious modification to the rf injection systems of these sources. Broadband sources of rf power offer an low‐cost and more effective alternative for increasing the physical sizes of the ECR volumes within these sources. Although, previously suggested, here‐to‐fore, broadband microwave power sources have not been available for use to the ECR ion source community. A special programmable additive “white” Gaussian noise generator (AWGNG) system for injecting broadband rf power into these sources has been conceived and developed in conjunction with a commercial firm for such applications. The noise generator, in combination with an external local oscillator, can be used to generate broadband microwave radiation for amplification with a TWT without having to modify the injection systems of these sources. The AWGNG and its use for enhancing the performances of conventional B‐geometry ECR ion sources will be described in this document.
Protective Effect of Lactosucrose on Intracolonic Indomethacin-Induced Small-Intestinal Ulcers in Rats (1999)

These results suggest that LS has some protective effects on indomethacin-induced enteropathy and that this protective effect is in part due to the maintenance of intestinal microflora.
Linear 0.20 GHz modulation with a 1*2 directional coupler (1991)

The design and performance of a traveling-wave 1*2 directional coupler modulator are described. A 0-20 GHz response (-4 dB/sub e/) was achieved for Ti:LiNbO/sub 3/ devices at the 1.3- mu m wavelength. From experimental determinations of coupling coefficient and interarm intrinsic phase-mismatch for several modulators, linear dynamic ranges of, on average, 78 dB and voltage sensitivities of down to 9 mu V are determined (for 1-mW detector power, 3-kHz bandwidth, 50- Omega detector load). The dependence of sensitivity on the coupling coefficient is described, and the effect of the buffer layer thickness on the optical bandwidth and sensitivity is demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Purification and properties of "N.ALPHA.-benzyloxycarbonyl amino acid urethane hydrolase III" from Lactobacillus casei .EPSILON. ATCC 7469. (1985)

"Nα-Benzyloxycarbonyl amino acid urethane hydrolase III" was purified from the cell-free extract of Lactobacillus casei ε ATCC 7469. The enzyme was purified 583-fold with an activity yield of 50%, and its homogeneity was confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the native enzyme is about 230000, and the isoelectric point is 4.60. The enzyme activity was inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (PCMB) and dithiothreitol (DTT). The presence of divalent cations (i.e., Co2+ or Zn2+) is essential for its activity. The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of the urethane bonds of Z-Gly, Z-Ala and Z-Ser.
A partially purified polypeptide fraction from rat liver cell conditioned medium with multiplication‐stimulating activity for embryo fibroblasts (1973)

Abstract A polypeptide fraction with multiplication‐stimulating activity for chicken and rat embryo fibroblasts was partially purified from serum‐free medium conditioned by the growth of a line of rat liver cells. The specific multiplication‐stimulating activity of this fraction was 27,000 times that of serum. The rat liver cell multiplication‐stimulating activity had a molecular weight of approximately 10,000 daltons and was inactivated by mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol. It had sulfation factor and non‐suppressible insulin‐like activities, but did not have anti‐trypsin activity. The rat liver cell multiplication‐stimulating activity resembled both multiplication‐stimulating activity from calf serum and somatomedin.
Transport of gases in high-frequency ventilation (1984)

We found that the transport of gases in oscillating gas columns was proportional to oscillation frequency and the square of oscillation amplitude. When these results were applied to high-frequency oscillation and high-frequency jet ventilation in dogs, alveolar ventilation was proportional to frequency and to the square of tidal volume, and inversely proportional to anatomic dead space.
CuO Nanowire-Based Humidity Sensor (2011)

The authors report the growth of CuO nanowires on an oxidized Cu wire and the fabrication of a CuO nanowire humidity sensor. It was found that we could transform a Cu wire into CuO/Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O/Cu core-shell tri-layers covered with high density CuO nanowires by thermal annealing. It was also found that steady state currents of the sensor were about 2.44, 2.32, 2.23, and 2.15 μA , respectively, when measured with 20, 40, 60, and 80% relative humidity. Furthermore, it was found that sensing property of the fabricated device was stable and reproducible.
An online gene expression assay for determining adjuvant therapy eligibility in patients with stage 2 or 3 colon cancer (2010)

the prognostic gene expression signature is able to stratify stage 2 and 3 colon cancer patients into groups with significant differences in 5-year DFS, information that may ultimately reduce deaths from colon cancer. Further validation work is required and at this stage the assay is available for evaluation at www.ChipDX.com.
Scope: automated generation of graphical interfaces (1989)

We describe the design and prototype implementation of Scope, a system that generates graphical user interfaces for applications programmed in C++. The programmer chooses application data objects and functions that define the capabilities of the interface. At runtime, an interface design component, implemented as a set of production system rules, transforms this semantic specification into an interface built using a window system, an associated user interface toolkit, and the hardware input devices available on the system. The rules match application requirements against a semantic description of the toolkit, selecting virtual devices for input, output, and layout. Thus, Scope uses design rules to create interfaces from high-level programming semantics that are customized both for the application and the run-time environment.
Approximate Three-Dimensional Head Fields for Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (2004)

This paper proposes a method for obtaining approximate, but very accurate, three-dimensional (3-D) head fields for perpendicular magnetic recording heads. The method uses an assumed form for the scalar magnetic potential variation between a pole or shield and the underlayer to give the potential in the head/shields-face plane. It then uses this approximate air-bearing surface potential to find the potential or field components at any other position of interest. The approach is illustrated here by applying it to a symmetric double-shielded single-pole head with an underlayer and with side shields.
Local Retinal Regions Control Local Eye Growth and Myopia (1987)

In chicks, visual deprivation leads to myopia and enlargement of the vitreous chamber of the eye. When chicks were raised with white translucent occluders over their eyes so that either the nasal half, the temporal half, or all of the retina was visually deprived, the resulting myopia (median = -15 diopters) was limited to the deprived part of the retina, regardless of which half of the retina was visually deprived; the nondeprived part remained nearly emmetropic. Correspondingly, the vitreous chamber was elongated only in the region of the visual deprivation, resulting in eyes with different asymmetric shapes depending on which retinal region was deprived. These results argue for a local regulation of ocular growth that is dependent on vision and suggest a hypothesis to explain the epidemiological association of myopia in humans with large amounts of reading. Because most nonfoveal retinal neurons have large receptive fields, they cannot resolve the individual letters on the printed page; this may lead to their activity being less during reading than during most other forms of visual stimulation. Thus, the impoverished stimulus situation of reading may lead to myopia, as do other types of visual form deprivation.
Nonrandom chromosomal change (trisomy 11) in murine plasmacytomas induced by an ABL-MYC retrovirus. (1995)

Trisomy of chromosome 11 (Ts11) is the second most frequent nonrandom chromosomal change in murine plasmacytomas (PCTs). The frequency of Ts11 is significantly higher in PCTs induced in pristane-conditioned mice infected by Abelson-murine leukemia virus (52%) compared to those induced by pristane alone (8.1%). Although the significance of Ts11 in mouse plasmacytomagenesis is not clearly understood it is hypothesized that a gene or genes located on chromosome (Chr) 11 may specifically promote the development of PCTs in which both oncogenes, c-myc and v-abl, are abundantly expressed. To test this assumption we induced PCTs by three highly effective plasmacytomagenic retroviruses: ABL-MYC, J3V1, and RIM. Nearly 90% of PCTs that arose in BALB/c, (BALB/c x DBA/2N)F1, BALB/c-nu/nu, and 5-month-old SCID mice infected with ABL-MYC virus were trisomic for Chr 11. In contrast, < 10% of PCTs induced by J3V1 or RIM retroviral constructs encompassing either v-myc and v-raf or c-myc and v-Ha-ras oncogenes, respectively, contained Ts11. We have also investigated whether the entire Chr 11 or any particular subregion is preferentially duplicated in the process of ABL-MYC plasmacytomagenesis. By inducing PCTs in F1 heterozygous mice that are carriers of reciprocal translocations involving Chr 11 we found that the duplicated chromosomal region is located distal to the T4Dn breakpoint (11B5 band) on the telomeric segment of Chr 11. The regular duplication of this chromosomal segment strongly suggests the presence of a gene or genes whose amplification is of critical importance for v-abl associated murine plasmacytomagenesis.
Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization: synthesis and characterization of unsaturated poly[carbo(dimethyl)silanes] (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcyclic diene metathesis polymerization: synthesis and characterization of unsaturated poly[carbo(dimethyl)silanes]K. B. Wagener and D. W. Smith Jr.Cite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 23, 6073–6078Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00023a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00023a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views489Altmetric-Citations93LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Surface Interactions of Arsenite and Arsenate on Soil Colloids (2013)

This work presents a comprehensive picture of As adsorption on a range of soil colloidal particles in comparable conditions of pH and ionic strength to allow a direct comparison of the surface interactions, including surface charging phenomena. The highest adsorption capacity for arsenite [As(III)] was shown by the iron minerals, with a clear shift in the surface charge. Pure ferrihydrite could retain over 5.3 μmol m-2 of As(III); the adsorption density was reduced to 3.36 μmol m-2 when ferrihydrite was a covering film on kaolinite surfaces. Goethite adsorbed up to 2.3 μmol m-2, but this amount was nearly halved on Al-substituted goethite and was much lower for hematite. Arsenite adsorption on a poorly ordered Al hydroxide was lower than on poorly ordered and crystalline Fe (hydr)oxides, and its adsorption on gibbsite, kaolinite and calcite was almost negligible. When arsenate [As(V)] was added, a similar adsorption capacity for surface unit was shown by both Fe and Al minerals and, differently from As(III), As(V) was adsorbed also on kaolinite and calcite. The adsorption of As(V) on all adsorbents and of As(III) on Fe minerals were observed to be exothermic reaction. The differences in the affinity for As(III) and As(V) adsorption shown by the different soil components were explained in terms of differences in Lewis hardness/softness of adsorbate and adsorbents. These results provide a comparison between possible adsorbents to be used for remediation, and also to assess the As adsorption capacity of soils from their composition.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel <i>N</i><sup>9</sup>-heterobivalent β-carbolines as angiogenesis inhibitors (2019)

A series of novel N<sup>9</sup>-heterobivalent β-carbolines has been synthesized. All the novel compounds were tested for their anticancer activity against six tumour cell lines in vitro. Among these molecules, compounds 5b, and 5w exhibited strong cytotoxic activities with IC<sub>50</sub> value of lower than 20 μM. Acute toxicities and antitumor efficacies of the selected compounds in mice were also evaluated, compounds 5b and 5w exhibited that tumour inhibition rate of over 40% in the Sarcoma 180 and Lewis lung cancer animal models. Preliminary structure-activity relationships (SARs) analysis indicated that: (1) C<sup>1</sup>-methylation and C<sup>7</sup>-methoxylation were favorable for increased activities; (2) 3-Pyridyl or 2-thienyl group substituent into position-1 of the β-carboline core, and the aryl substituent into another β-carboline ring might be detrimental to cytotoxic effects of this class compounds. Investigation of the preliminary mechanism of action demonstrated that compound 5b had obvious angiogenesis inhibitory effects in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.
Neuropeptide Y (1998)

Sympathetic nerves have long been suspected of trophic activity, but the nature of their angiogenic factor has not been determined. Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a sympathetic cotransmitter, is the most abundant peptide in the heart and the brain. It is released during nerve activation and ischemia and causes vasoconstriction and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Here we report the first evidence that NPY is angiogenic. At low physiological concentrations, in vitro, it promotes vessel sprouting and adhesion, migration, proliferation, and capillary tube formation by human endothelial cells. In vivo, in a murine angiogenic assay, NPY is angiogenic and is as potent as a basic fibroblast growth factor. The NPY action is specific and is mediated by Y1 and Y2 receptors. The expression of both receptors is upregulated during cell growth; however, Y2 appears to be the main NPY angiogenic receptor. Its upregulation parallels the NPY-induced capillary tube formation on reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel); the Y2 agonist mimics the tube-forming activity of NPY, whereas the Y2 antagonist blocks it. Endothelium contains not only NPY receptors but also peptide itself, its mRNA, and the "NPY-converting enzyme" dipeptidyl peptidase IV (both protein and mRNA), which terminates the Y1 activity of NPY and cleaves the Tyr1-Pro2 from NPY to form an angiogenic Y2 agonist, NPY3-36. Endothelium is thus not only the site of action of NPY but also the origin of the autocrine NPY system, which, together with the sympathetic nerves, may be important in angiogenesis during tissue development and repair.
A Probabilistic Reasoning in Incomplete Knowledge for Theorem Proving (2001)

We present a probabilistic reasoning method for inferring knowledge about mathematical truth before an automated theorem prover completes a proof. We use a Bayesian analysis to update beleif in truth, given theorem-proving progress, and show how decision-theoretic methods can be used to determine the value of continuing to deliberate versus taking immediate action in time-critical situations.
Expanding the phenotype of <i>LMNA</i> mutations in dilated cardiomyopathy and functional consequences of these mutations (2003)

For the first time, a specific phenotype characterised by early atrial fibrillation is associated with LMNA mutation. Conversely, mutations in LMNA appear as a rare cause of isolated dilated cardiomyopathy. The variable phenotypes observed in LMNA-DCM might be explained by the variability of functional consequences of LMNA mutations.
Primary structure of and immunoglobulin E response to the repeat subunit of gp15/400 from human lymphatic filarial parasites (1993)

We have isolated and sequenced clones encoding the repeated subunit of the surface-associated glycoprotein gp15/400 from the two nematode species predominantly responsible for lymphatic filariasis in humans: Brugia malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti. The amino acid sequence of the 15-kDa subunit, derived from the nucleotide sequence of the gene fragment from B. malayi, is identical to that previously reported for B. pahangi, whereas the derived W. bancrofti protein sequence differs in only 7 of 132 residues. The identity of the protein in the two Brugia species allowed us to use a recombinant from B. pahangi to examine the serological response of adult Indonesian subjects infected with B. malayi. The polymerase chain reaction-amplified subunit was expressed in Escherichia coli via the pDS56/RBS11 plasmid and purified by nickel-chelating chromatography. A significant proportion of individuals produced antigen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE). This was most pronounced in the individuals with elephantiasis, with 14 of 15 showing elevated titers and a mean of 3.2 ng of specific IgE ml-1. Only 2 of 15 microfilaremic individuals possessed elevated titers of specific IgE, with a mean of 0.045 ng ml-1 for the group as a whole. Asymptomatic amicrofilaremic residents showed approximately equal numbers of responders (defined as having a value in the radioimmunoassay greater than two standard deviations above controls) and nonresponders, with a group mean of 1.2 ng of antigen-specific IgE ml-1.
A simple method, the -history method, of determining the heat of fusion, specific heat and thermal conductivity of phase-change materials (1999)

A simple method of determining the melting point, heat of fusion, specific heat and thermal conductivity of phase-change materials (PCMs) is presented. Compared with other methods, such as conventional calorimetric methods, differential thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry methods, it has the following salient features: the experimental unit is simple, able to measure the heat of fusion, specific heat and thermal conductivity of several samples of PCMs simultaneously and allows one to observe the phase-change process of each PCM sample. Using the method, the thermophysical properties of various salt hydrates, paraffin and some PCMs developed by us were measured. For the PCMs whose thermophysical properties are available in the literature, our results gave fairly good agreement. The method is especially useful for the selection of lots of candidate PCMs used for the purpose of engineering and for preparing new PCMs.
Plasmonically enhanced emission from a group-III nitride nanowire emitter (2007)

The plasmonic response from a nanotextured silver coating was utilized to enhance the transfer of ultraviolet light generated in a group-III nitride nanowire emitter. A two-step approach was developed in a metal–organic chemical vapour deposition system to grow nanowires initially vertically by the vapour–liquid–solid mechanism and, subsequently, laterally by increasing the growth temperature and the group-V/III reactant ratio. This controllably produced a 20 nm GaN:Si core with a 200 nm outer-diameter AlGaN:Mg sheath structure. Solvothermal chemistry based on an ethylene glycol solvent was employed to deposit a silver coating that approximated a dense packing of metallic nanospheres. Nanoscale emission and plasmonically enhanced transfer of this energy were simulated to aid the development and understanding of this system.
Radiation Doses and Cancer Risks from Breast Imaging Studies (2010)

A single BSGI or PEM study is associated with a fatal radiation-induced cancer risk higher than or comparable to that of annual screening mammography in women aged 40-80 years.
The Offset Wave-Guide Junction as a Reactive Element (1951)

A new type of wave-guide circuit element has been described that has a number of desirable electrical and mechanical properties. These include ease and accuracy of adjustment, and simple analytical expressions for some of the more important properties. The capacitive junction allows the practical construction of capacitively coupled resonant cavities. Such cavities have a relatively constant band width over their tuning range, as compared with the more commonly used inductively coupled cavities.
Electrochemical Conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> into Negative Electrode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries (2014)

Abstract The capture and electrochemical conversion of CO 2 in molten LiCl–Li 2 CO 3 salt is proposed. By using an inert platinum anode and a tungsten cathode, the CO 3 2− could be easily converted into carbon and oxygen gas, as well as O 2− . The released O 2− was responsible for the further capture of CO 2 . Also, CO 2 could be effectively absorbed in such chloride melts with a low content of oxygen ion dissolved. In addition, the produced carbon displayed good performance as a negative electrode material for Li‐ion batteries, suggesting that the process is an environmentally friendly way to convert CO 2 into energy‐storage materials.