gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purification and properties of cytochrome P-450 (SCC) from pig testis mitochondria (1991)

Cytochrome P-450 was purified from pig testis mitochondria to a specific content of 13.1 n mol/mg of protein. The purified preparation was found to contain a single species of P-450, on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with an apparent molecular weight of about 53000 +/- 2000. The cholesterol side chain-cleavage system could be reconstituted by mixing the purified cytochrome P-450, adrenodoxin reductase, adrenodoxin, cholesterol and NADPH. The rate of conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone was 6.2 n mol/min/n mol of P-450 under the conditions employed. The absorption spectrum of the oxidized cytochrome P-450 had maxima at 416, 530 and 568 nm. The reduced CO-complex of the cytochrome P-450 exhibited an absorption maximum at 448 nm. The purified P-450 was subjected to microsequence analysis and its NH2-terminal amino acid sequence was found to show considerable homology with that of bovine adrenal P-450 (SCC).
Silicon Instrinsic Gettering Technology: Understanding and Practice (2004)

Metallic impurities, such as Fe, Cu, and Au, become generation and recombination centers for minority carriers when combined with oxide precipitates or silicon self-interstitial clusters. As these centers may cause leakage and discharge in silicon devices, their prevention through gettering of the metallic impurities is an important issue. In this article, key aspects of intrinsic gettering, such as oxygen control, wafer cleaning, device area denudation, and bulk oxygen precipitation are discussed, and a practical method of implementing intrinsic gettering is outlined.
Smart Tool System Boosts Performance of Intervention Operations (2007)

Abstract In these times of record operating costs, stakeholders place paramount importance on avoiding unnecessary, unproductive trips in the well. In well intervention applications such as milling, cutting, washing over and casing exit work, the lack of accurate information about downhole conditions often leads to wasted time and money. As wells become deeper, more tortuous and technically challenging to intervene, the need to know more about what is actually occurring at the downhole tools becomes even more critical. Traditional surface-based indicators and gauges often provide inaccurate readings of the forces exerted at and around downhole tools. This paper discusses a new, MWD-style "smart" intervention performance sub that contains a variety of sensors and electronics that gather critical downhole measurements and transmit them to surface. The smart tool affords the operator a completely new level of control with real-time decision-making capabilities that can lead to more efficient and reliable wellbore intervention jobs and significantly reduce operators’ risk exposure. The paper will describe the smart tool and present several case histories where the smart intervention performance sub was integrated into well intervention bottomhole assemblies. Data from the smart tool was then transmitted using mud pulse telemetry and viewed at surface. The same data was also transmitted onshore to a real-time operating center, thus allowing a broader audience of experts to witness the early field trial applications. The field trials verified several capabilities. Vacuum filter operation could be observed in real time, casing windows could be quantified with a window quality indicator, lightweight fish could be identified in real time at the bottom of deep, deviated wells, and packer setting forces and overpull could be accurately monitored downhole in a variety of depths and deviations. This summarizes the capabilities explored during deepwater system integration tests.
Silicone die bond adhesive and clean in-line cure for copper lead frame (1990)

Stress analysis by the finite-element method and a die bonding experiment were performed indicating that a die bond adhesive having a very low Young's modulus is effective in reducing thermal stress. A silicone elastomer adhesive and an in-line cure process named the clean cure process were developed. In this process, the adhesive is cured quickly on a heat column, thus volatile organic species which affect the yield and reliability of devices are reduced significantly during cure. The bonding of large silicon dice to copper lead frames was successfully performed using this technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Understanding the trade-offs associated with sharing protection (2002)

Judging by the nine node example, a significant percentage of OEO conversions can be eliminated by using an all optical network (AON) architecture. A protection scheme based on BLSRs, called P-cycles, has been proposed to be able to share protection within the AON architecture. The P-cycle approach had fewer OEO conversions and used fewer wavelength kilometers than the dedicated model without suffering a significant availability penalty. P-cycles were found to be nearly as effective as mesh algorithms at reducing bandwidth requirements while requiring 46% fewer OEO conversions.
Registration of intraoperative 3D ultrasound with preoperative MRI data for navigated surgery - first results at the knee (2007)

The trend towards minimally invasive surgery leads to an increasing demand for navigation systems. Image based navigation provides the surgeon a three dimensional orientation to control the position of the instruments within preoperative data of the patient.
Of mice and men: neurogenesis, cognition and Alzheimer’s disease (2013)

Neural stem cells are maintained in the subgranular layer of the dentate gyrus and in the subventricular zone in the adult mammalian brain throughout life. Neurogenesis is continuous, but its extent is tightly regulated by environmental factors, behavior, hormonal state, age, and brain health. Increasing evidence supports a role for new neurons in cognitive function in rodents. Recent evidence delineates significant similarities and differences between adult neurogenesis in rodents and humans. Being context-dependent, neurogenesis in the human brain might be manifested differently than in the rodent brain. Decline in neurogenesis may play a role in cognitive deterioration, leading to the development of progressive learning and memory disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. This review discusses the different observations concerning neurogenesis in the rodent and human brain, and their functional implications for the healthy and diseased brain.
How Efficient is Dynamic Pricing for Sport Events? Designing a Dynamic Pricing Model for Bayern Munich (2016)

Major League Baseball's (MLB) San Francisco Giants introduced dynamic pricing to the sports industry in 2009, and researchers have been showing interest in this new pricing approach ever since. The currently available studies, however, either have pursued the subject solely from a managerial perspective or have focused exclusively on analyzing already-existent dynamic pricing models in MLB. This paper is the first study to apply the mathematical theory of dynamic pricing in order to design a dynamic pricing model for a sports club, Bayern Munich, in a country where this pricing approach has not been applied thus far. The necessary demand functions for the model are estimated based on an evaluation of the ticket auctioning on ebay.de that occurred throughout the second half of the 2013-14 Bundesliga season. Results suggest that the stadium attendees’ willingness to pay is significantly higher than Bayern Munich's current ticket price. Furthermore, a Monte Carlo simulation indicates that a dynamic pricing approach is significantly more efficient than an optimal fixed price approach.
Pattern Reconfigurable Cubic Antenna (2009)

A new single-feed reconfigurable antenna for pattern diversity is presented in this paper. The proposed structure is based on a metallic cubic cavity which radiates through rectangular slots. The pattern reconfiguration is achieved with PIN diode switches by short-circuiting slots in their center. The designed antenna can switch between three different radiation patterns which radiate in a 4pi steradian range and can receive any incident field polarizations. A prototype of the antenna, including PIN diodes and operating in the 5 GHz band, has been built to demonstrate the feasibility of the concept. Measurements have been conducted and three-dimensional radiation patterns are provided. Diversity performances are evaluated by calculating the envelope correlation coefficient.
The impact of new accreditation and certification standards for secondary computer science teachers on university computer science departments (1992)

The establishment of accreditation and certification standards for secondary computer science teachers has been taking place over the past 5 years. The ACM has taken the lead in developing certification standards for adoption by states and the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) has taken the lead in developing national accreditation standards for teacher preparation programs through affiliation with NCATE, the accrediting body for professional education units in the USA. The impact of institutionalizing these new standards is discussed, and the role that university computer science departments should now take in the teacher preparation process is described.
Applications of Slender-Body Theory in Ship Hydrodynamics (1970)

The field of fluid mechanics is rapidly advancing, driven by unprecedented volumes of data from experiments, field measurements, and large-scale simulations at multiple spatiotemporal scales. Machine learning (ML) offers a wealth of techniques to extract ...Read More
Increased Tumorigenicity and Sensitivity to Ionizing Radiation upon Loss of Chromosomal Protein HMGN1 (2005)

We report that loss of HMGN1, a nucleosome-binding protein that alters the compaction of the chromatin fiber, increases the cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation and the tumor burden of mice. The mortality and tumor burden of ionizing radiation-treated Hmgn1-/- mice is higher than that of their Hmgn1+/+ littermates. Hmgn1-/- fibroblasts have an altered G2-M checkpoint activation and are hypersensitive to ionizing radiation. The ionizing radiation hypersensitivity and the aberrant G2-M checkpoint activation of Hmgn1-/- fibroblasts can be reverted by transfections with plasmids expressing wild-type HMGN1, but not with plasmids expressing mutant HMGN proteins that do not bind to chromatin. Transformed Hmgn1-/- fibroblasts grow in soft agar and produce tumors in nude mice with a significantly higher efficiency than Hmgn1+/+ fibroblasts, suggesting that loss of HMGN1 protein disrupts cellular events controlling proliferation and growth. Hmgn1-/- mice have a higher incidence of multiple malignant tumors and metastases than their Hmgn1+/+ littermates. We suggest that HMGN1 optimizes the cellular response to ionizing radiation and to other tumorigenic events; therefore, loss of this protein increases the tumor burden in mice.
Plasmon-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition (2006)

We introduce a new chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process that can be used to selectively deposit materials of many different types. The technique makes use of the plasmon resonance in nanoscale metal structures to produce the local heating necessary to initiate deposition when illuminated by a focused low-power laser. We demonstrate the technique, which we refer to as plasmon-assisted CVD (PACVD), by patterning the spatial deposition of PbO and TiO(2) on glass substrates coated with a dispersion of 23 nm gold particles. The morphology of both oxide deposits is consistent with local laser-induced heating of the gold particles by more than 150 degrees C. We show that temperature changes of this magnitude are consistent with our analysis of the heat-loss mechanisms. The technique is general and can be used to spatially control the deposition of virtually any material for which a CVD process exists.
Molecular characterization of a novel glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase from potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) (2000)

We describe a novel G6PD cDNA from potato. The deduced amino acid sequence shares 77% identity with the known chloroplast enzyme, but only 47% with the corresponding cytosolic G6PDH. The sequence comprises the two cysteine residues conserved in other redox-regulated chloroplast G6PDH and a transit peptide capable of directing a GFP fusion protein to chloroplasts, demonstrating that the cDNA codes for a second plastidic G6PD isoform. The mature part was expressed in E. coli. When synthesized with a C-terminal Strep tag, the enzyme retained G6PDH activity upon affinity purification. In the presence of reductively activated spinach thioredoxin, G6PDH activity decreased by about 50%. This protein-mediated activity loss was completely reversed by addition of oxidant. In contrast to the chloroplast enzyme (P1), the presence of reduced dithiothreitol alone destroyed the activity of the new G6PDH (P2), and incubation with GSH had no effect. The Km values determined for both substrates were significantly lower compared to those of P1. The high Vmax and Ki [NADPH] values indicate that the P2 enzyme is more active than P1 and less susceptible to feedback inhibition by its product NADPH. At the level of mRNA accumulation, differences between the two plastid-localized isoforms are most prominent in roots and growing tissues. Immunoblot analyses of isolated plastid preparations revealed that the two plastidic enzymes are present in both root and leaf tissue. The data obtained indicate that we have characterized a second plastidic G6PDH with distinct biochemical features.
Will Latanoprost Be the 'Wonder' Drug of the '90s for the Treatment of Glaucoma? (1996)

One OF the challengeswe have as clinicians who treat patients with glaucoma is to encourage the use of antiglaucoma medications on a long-term basis. It is difficult enough to remember to take medications daily. Noncompliance among our patients remains an ongoing issue. The adverse effects that are associated with many of these antiglaucoma medications can be intolerable for a large segment of the affected population and do not endear our patients to continue their therapy. Ocular burning, irritation, headaches, blurred vision, and wheezing are a few of the symptoms that may be noted on periodic visits. Consider also the changes that can occur in pulse rate and the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the interaction with systemic medications that the patient may already be using on a daily basis. It is no wonder that the Moorfield 1 study found that in patients with glaucoma, surgery was more effective
Client Security User Interface Requirements for RTCWEB (2011)

This document calls for a requirement to be imposed on RTCWEB client
user interfaces whereby the user may inspect the current media
security status.
Communicative competence and the Bernstein perspective (1979)

For two decades, Basil Bernstein has been a major contributor to the literature on language and society. A framework is presented/or casting Bernstein's work at a level of abstraction appropriate for assessing communicative competence. The concepts of cultural matrix, primary social experience, and role and situation repertoires are central to this framework, it is argued that analysis of four role constellations and four aspects important to social role formation are a good basis from which to describe and explain any person's range of communicative competencies. Research strategies for investigating communicative competence are suggested.
Alternative splicing of c-fos pre-mRNA: contribution of the rates of synthesis and degradation to the copy number of each transcript isoform and detection of a truncated c-Fos immunoreactive species (2007)

We demonstrate that: (i) The c-fos-2 transcript is ubiquitously synthesized either in vivo or in vitro, in amounts that are higher or similar to those of mRNAs coding for other Fos family members, like FosB, DeltaFosB, Fra-1 or Fra-2. (ii) Intron 3 confers to c-fos-2 an outstanding destabilizing effect of about 6-fold. (iii) Major determinant of c-fos-2 steady-state levels in cultured cells is its remarkably high rate of synthesis. (iv) Rapid changes in the synthesis and/or degradation rates of both c-fos transcripts in serum-stimulated cells give rise to rapid and transient changes in their relative proportions. Taken as a whole, these findings suggest a co-ordinated fine-tune of the two c-fos transcript species, supporting the notion that the alternative processing of the precursor mRNA might be physiologically relevant. Moreover, we detected a c-Fos immunoreactive species corresponding in mobility to the predicted truncated variant.
A 2-MHz 6-kVA voltage-source inverter using low-profile MOSFET modules for low-temperature plasma generators (1999)

This paper presents a 2 MHz 6 kVA voltage-source inverter for low-temperature plasma generators. A new MOSFET module referred to as a "mega pack" is specially designed and fabricated for high-frequency high-power applications. It has a low-profile package equipped with four terminal plates. The main circuit consists of a single-phase full-bridge inverter using the four new modules. The layout of the modules is characterized by two modules, which are placed back-to-back with each other, forming a half bridge. Both device and circuit designs achieve great reduction of stray inductance in the main circuit. A prototype inverter shows stable operation around frequencies as high as 2 MHz.
Phytochemical Profiling with Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Screening of &lt;i&gt;Amaranthus viridis&lt;/i&gt; L. Leaf and Seed Extracts (2013)

Methanol extracts of the dried leaves and seeds of Amaranthus viridis were collected and used for phytochemicals and antibacterial analysis. By detecting the MIC and zone inhibition, the antibacterial activity was determined against different bacterial and fungal strains. The extract yields from the leaves and seeds ranged 5.5-6.1 and 2.42%-3.72% w/w, respectively. Phytochemical investigation of this plant determines that tanins (6.07%-5.96%), saponins (53%-32%), alkaloids (13.14% - 11.42%), protiens (16.76%-24.51%) and glycosides (63.2%-32.3%) were rich in leaves. The extracts also contained appreciable levels of total phenolic contents (2.81-3.61 GAE, g/100 g), total flavanoid contents (18.4-5.42 QE, g/100 g) and DPPH free radical scavenging activity, showing IC50 (83.45-75.95 μg/mL) along with reducing power was calculated. The MIC of extracts ranged 178 - 645 μg/mL. The results of this study suggest the possibility of using the methanolic extracts in treating the diseases caused by the test organisms.
Optimal power allocation for relay assisted F/TDMA ad hoc networks (2005)

In this paper, we study the power allocation problem at the relay nodes for two-hop F/TDMA networks with multiple sources and destinations. Considering the sum capacity as the performance metric, we solve the problem of optimally allocating the total power of each relay node between the transmissions it is assisting. We consider regenerative decode-and-forward (RDF), nonregenerative decode-and-forward (NDF), amplify-and-forward (AF) and compress-and-forward (CF) at the relay nodes. We observe that the optimum power allocation for the RDF and NDF cases are modified water-filling solutions. In RDF, the optimum power allocation considers both the direct links of the users and the relay to destination links, whereas the optimal power allocation for the NDF relaying considers only the relay to destination links. We also observe that relay nodes employing AF or CF may provide higher sum capacities than relay nodes employing DF techniques when sufficient power is available at the relay nodes. Motivated by the optimum power allocation identified for each case, we provide insights to relay selection strategies for relay assisted F/TDMA networks.
Eimeria tenella: incidence, distribution, and anticoccidial drug resistance of isolants in major broiler-producing areas. (1974)

Coccidia were propagated from 1052 (91.9%) of 1145 litter samples from all major broiler-producing regions of the United States. Eimeria tenella was obtained from 308 (29.3%) of the farms which yielded coccidia. This species was nonrandomly distributed, being most prevalent in the southeastern and south-central regions. Incidence of E. tenella was high in flocks medicated with Nidrafur or Zoamix, and much lower in flocks medicated with Amprol Plus, Bonaid, Coyden, or Deccox. Tests of 201 of the E. tenella isolants showed that their drug sensitivity had been reduced by field exposure to the anticoccidials. Reciprocal cross-resistance to Bonaid and Deccox was high among the quinoline-resistant isolants. The distribution of multiple drug-resistance phenotypes among the E. tenella isolants emphasized that a complete drug-resistance profile of strains of coccidia is necessary for determining the anticoccidial drug(s) that would control them most effectively.
MECHANISM OF ACTION OF WASHOUT SOLUTIONS FOR KIDNEY PRESERVATION (1973)

SUMMARY We have investigated the effect of inhibition of cellular swelling on subsequent renal function in the presence of marked loss of tissue potassium during 24 hr of simple cold storage of dog kidneys. This was done by initially perfusing kidneys with a solution which contains 130 HIM sucrose and 5 m potassium. Postoperative renal function was equal to that achieved with the “intracellular” solution, C3, which contains 140 DIM glucose and 115 m potassium. Analysis of tissue electrolytes and water showed that the cortex of kidneys stored in the sucrose solution lost the same amount of potassium as the cortex of kidneys stored in lactated Ringer's solution. But while the cortex of kidneys stored in lactated Ringer's solution was swollen by 30%, sucrose cortex, like C3 cortex, lost weight. We also compared the osmotic effect of glucose and sucrose on the water content of anoxic slices of renal cortex at 4 C. Sucrose was the more effective osmotic agent. Finally, we studied the effect of high concentrations of MgSO4 and MgCl2 on changes in cortical potassium and water. Magnesium did not prevent the loss of potassium. But magnesium as well as sulfate did inhibit cellular swelling. We conclude that, during storage, cellular swelling, and not potassium loss or sodium gain, is the primary cause of poor renal function after transplantation. Because “intracellular” C3 solution contains in high concentration several nonpermeable solutes such as gluocse, sulfate, and magnesium, its main beneficial effect during renal storage is not maintenance of cellular potassium, but is, instead, inhibition of cellular swelling.
Drusen detection by confocal aperture-modulated infrared scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (2012)

In this pilot study, drusen number and area grades were significantly higher using the AR and AL in which the laterally scattered light is captured (retromode). Use of the lateral confocal aperture may highlight subclinical drusen and aid in monitoring disease progression and response to emerging non-neovascular AMD therapies.