gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiresidue Determination of Acidic Pesticides in Water by HPLC-DAD with Confirmation by GC-MS Using Conversion to the Methyl Ester with Trimethylsilyldiazomethane (2003)

A multiresidue pesticide methodology is studied and results for acidics are reported here, with base/neutral to follow. This work studies a literature procedure as a possible general approach to many pesticides and potentially other analytes that are considered to be liquid chromatographic (LC) candidates, rather than gas chromatographic (GC) ones. The analysis of the sewage effluent of a major southwestern U.S. city serves as an example of the application of the methodology to a real sample. Recovery studies were also conducted to validate the proposed extraction step. A gradient elution program was followed for the high-performance LC (HPLC) leading to a general approach for acidics. Confirmation of identity was by electron ionization-GC-mass spectrometry (MS) after conversion of the acids to the methyl ester (or other appropriate methylation) by means of trimethylsilyldiazomethane. The 3,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is used as an internal standard to monitor the reaction, and polychlorobiphenyl #19 is used for the quantitation internal standard. Although others have reported similar analyses of acids, conversion to the methyl ester is by means of diazomethane itself, rather than by the more convenient and safe trimethylsilyldiazomethane. Thus, the present paper supports the use of trimethylsilyldiazomethane with all of these acids (trimethylsilyldiazomethane has been used in environmental work with some phenoxyacetic acid herbicides) and further supports the usefulness of this reagent as a potential replacement for diazomethane. The HPLC approach here could also serve as the separation basis for an LC-MS solution for confirmation of identity, as well as quantitation.
Arzanol, an Anti-inflammatory and Anti-HIV-1 Phloroglucinol α-Pyrone from <i>Helichrysum </i><i>italicum</i> ssp. <i>microphyllum</i> (2007)

An acetone extract of Helichrysum italicum ssp. microphyllum afforded the phloroglucinol alpha-pyrone arzanol (1a) as a potent NF-kappaB inhibitor. Arzanol is identical with homoarenol (2a), whose structure should be revised. The phloroglucinol-type structure of arzanol and the 1,2,4-trihydroxyphenyl-type structure of the base-induced fragmentation product of homoarenol could be reconciled in light of a retro-Fries-type fragmentation that triggers a change of the hydroxylation pattern of the aromatic moiety. On the basis of these findings, the structure of arenol, the major constituent of the clinically useful antibiotic arenarin, should be revised from 2b to 1b, solving a long-standing puzzle over its biogenetic derivation. An alpha-pyrone (micropyrone, 7), the monoterpene rac-E-omega-oleoyloxylinalol (10), four known tremetones (9a-d), and the dimeric pyrone helipyrone (8) were also obtained. Arzanol inhibited HIV-1 replication in T cells and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated primary monocytes, qualifying as a novel plant-derived anti-inflammatory and antiviral chemotype worth further investigation.
Neuroleptic medications inhibit complex I of the electron transport chain (1993)

Neuroleptic medications are prescribed to millions of patients, but their use is limited by potentially irreversible extrapyramidal side effects. Haloperidol shows striking structural similarities to the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, which produces parkinsonism apparently through inhibition of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. We now report that haloperidol, chlorpromazine, and thiothixene inhibit complex I in vitro in rat brain mitochondria. Clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic reported to have little or no extrapyramidal toxicity, also inhibits complex I, but at a significantly higher concentration. Neuroleptic treated patients have significant depression of platelet complex I activity similar to that seen in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Complex I inhibition may be associated with the extrapyramidal side effects of these drugs.
QoS burstification for optical burst switched WDM networks (2003)

In this paper, we propose a QoS burstification (QBT) mechanism on the basis of a new notion window. The QBT mechanism efficiently emulates the burst behavior by exerting simple FIFO service within the window and weight-proportional service at the window boundary. As will be shown, QBT achieves fairness and mean-burstification-delay guarantees among various traffic classes.
DNA based prenatal testing for the skin blistering disorder epidermolysis bullosa simplex (2000)

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is a skin fragility disorder in which mild physical trauma leads to blistering. The phenotype of the disorder is variable, from relatively mild affecting only the hands and/or feet, to very severe with widespread blistering. For the severest forms of EBS there is a demand for prenatal diagnosis which until now has involved a fetal skin biopsy in the second trimester. The identification of mutations in the genes encoding keratins K5 and K14 as the cause of EBS opens up the possibility of much earlier diagnosis of the disease. We report here four cases in which prenatal testing was performed. In three of the cases the genetic lesions were unknown at the start of the pregnancy, requiring the identification of the causative mutation prior to testing fetal DNA. In two of the four cases novel mutations were identified in K14 and in the two remaining families, a previously identified type of mutation was found. Fetal DNA, obtained by chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis, was analysed for the identified mutations. Three of the DNA samples were found to be normal; a mutant K14 allele was identified in the fourth case and the pregnancy was terminated. These results demonstrate the feasibility of DNA-based prenatal testing for EBS in families where causative mutations can be found. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Magnetic and other properties and sputtering behavior of Co-base amorphous alloy films (1987)

Magnetic and other properties of Co-base amorphous alloy films prepared by sputtering are investigated. A detailed magnetic phase diagram with saturation magnetic flux density, crystallization temperature, and zero-magnetostrictive line on Co-Ta-Zr amorphous alloys were obtained, and the technical knowhow to make a film with well-reproducible characteristics by widely changing the sputtering conditions was related with these physical properties. Especially on alloy sputtering, a phenomenological model for elucidating a composition difference between film and target is presented. After these studies, the film characteristics of Bs=12 kG, Tx=450 °C, ‖λs‖&lt;10−8, Hc&lt;10 mOe, and permeabilities of μ(1 MHz)=7000, μ(100 MHz)=2000 for the single film of 2 μm in thickness and of μ(1 MHz)=4000, μ(100 MHz)=800 for the insulator-sandwiched multilayered film of 10 μm are obtained, and these well-balanced values enable us to apply the materials for high-frequency recording head.
Efficient gradient projection optimization for manipulators with multiple degrees of redundancy (2002)

An efficient gradient projection optimization scheme is presented for manipulators with multiple degrees of redundancy. This is an extension of the gradient projection scheme presented by R.B. Dubey et al. (Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, p.28-36, 1989) for manipulators with one degree of redundancy. The feasibility and effectiveness of this scheme are tested through simulations of the seven-degree-of-freedom NASA Laboratory Telerobotic Manipulator (LTM). Only the position of the LTM end effector is controlled, which requires only three degrees of freedom. The remaining joints, except for the wrist roll joint, which does not contribute to the end-effector linear velocity, provide three degrees of redundancy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pd-catalysed coupling reactions in supercritical carbon dioxide and under solventless conditions (2002)

The homocoupling of iodoarenes catalysed by Pd(OCOCF3)2/P(2-furyl)3 occurs best in scCO2 and under solventless reaction conditions, and provides an attractive alternative to previously reported procedures. A comparison of the results in these cases suggests interesting preferential solvation effects are occurring in scCO2. Each of the methods investigated has advantages and disadvantages which need to be carefully considered before the method of choice is determined.
High-level primitives for recursive maximum likelihood estimation (1996)

This paper proposes a high-level language constituted of a small number of primitives and macros for describing recursive maximum likelihood (ML) estimation algorithms. This language is applicable to estimation problems involving linear Gaussian models or processes taking values in a finite set. The use of high-level primitives allows the development of highly modular ML estimation algorithms based on simple numerical building blocks. The primitives, which correspond to the combination of different measurements, the extraction of sufficient statistics, and the conversion of the status of a variable from unknown to observed, or vice versa, are first defined for linear Gaussian relations specifying mixed deterministic/stochastic information about the system variables. These primitives are used to define other macros and are illustrated by deriving new filtering and smoothing algorithms for linear descriptor systems. The primitives are then extended to finite state processes and used to implement the Viterbi ML state sequence estimator for a hidden Markov model.
The Structure of a New Sesquiterpene Glycoside from the Flowers of <i>Pittosporum tobira</i> (1988)

Abstract A new sesquiterpene glycoside, named pittosporatobiraside, was isolated from the flowers of Pittosporum tobira. The structure of the pittosporatobiraside was elucidated to be 12-angeloyloxy-6,14-dimethyl-2-methylene-9-(1-methylethyl)-15,17-dioxatricyclo[8.7.0.011,16]heptadec-5-en-13-one by physico-chemical methods. This is a new type of glycoside, i.e., 3-angeloyloxy-2,6-dideoxy- xylo-4-hexosulopyranoside, of a germacrane-type sesquiterpene alcohol.
Mg doping and alloying in Zn<inf>3</inf>P<inf>2</inf> heterojunction solar cells (2010)

Zinc phosphide (Zn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) is a promising and earth-abundant alternative to traditional materials (e.g. CdTe, CIGS, a-Si) for thin film photovoltaics. We report the fabrication of Mg/Zn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Schottky diodes with VOC values reaching 550 mV, JSC values up to 21.8 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and photovoltaic efficiency reaching 4.5%. Previous authors have suggested that Mg impurities behave as n-type dopants in Zn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , but combined Hall effect measurements and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) show that 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">17</sup> to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> Mg impurities compensate p-type doping to form highly resistive Zn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . Further device work with modified ITO/Mg/Zn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> heterojunctions suggests that the ITO capping layer improves a passivation reaction between Mg and Zn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> to yield high voltages > 500 mV without degradation in the blue response of the solar cell. These results indicate that at least 8-10% efficiency cell is realizable by the optimization of Mg treatment in Zn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> solar cells.
Med-Tree: A user knowledge graph framework for medical applications (2013)

The field of context and intelligence, as a topic of pervasive computing, has been gaining considerable momentum. Typically, context-aware intelligence is applied to understand the situation of the users and their behavior with the objective of providing adaptive services that are closely associated with that context. In this work, we have taken an orthogonal approach wherein we attempt to aggregate knowledge and cognition, of the user, on a given topic to build models out of them. The model thus created is analyzed to derive inferences about the user, where the analysis is performed on a graph model comprising topics based information obtained by mining domain specific personal data sources and from certain facts on which the user has expressed fair level of belief. We have explored the possibility of deriving beneficial information by provisioning an appropriate representation of knowledge as belief-graph with specific orientation in healthcare and call this model as Med-Tree. Subject to privacy conditions, we open up the belief-graph model to establish objective based social connections that gets contextually bound. As a next step, such contextually bound ad-hoc networks are subjected to advanced querying process resulting in useful information extraction and inferences. Leveraging on user's knowledge or the belief-graph, the proposed Med-Tree could help derive benefits towards better personal healthcare and disease management.
Access probability aware cell reselection for load balancing (2009)

In LTE, AC barring check is performed by UEs before initiating an RRC connection. In some cells with a low access probability, the UEs may have to keep retrying access in the serving cell which results in higher connection failure and longer access delay. We therefore propose balancing the UEs by adjusting the cell reselection criteria based on the access probability in the serving cell and neighboring cells, so that the UEs in a serving cell with a lower access probability shall be more encouraged to reselect a cell with a higher access probability. The proposed methods are analyzed in a simplified model and further validated using computer simulation. They both show the significant advantage over existing criteria in LTE.
Artificial human vision (2005)

Can vision be restored to the blind? As early as 1929 it was discovered that stimulating the visual cortex of an individual led to the perception of spots of light, known as phosphenes [1] . The aim of artificial human vision systems is to attempt to utilize the perception of phosphenes to provide a useful substitute for normal vision. Currently, four locations for electrical stimulation are being investigated; behind the retina (subretinal), in front of the retina (epiretinal), the optic nerve and the visual cortex (using intra- and surface electrodes). This review discusses artificial human vision technology and requirements, and reviews the current development projects.
The Monoclonal Nature of Lymphocytes in Multiple Myeloma (1975)

Despite the increased amounts of serum immumoglobulins (Ig) in multiple myeloma, the percentage of bone marrow-dependent (B) cells carrying surface Ig in the peripheral blood compartment were decreased, when compared with that in control patients with polyclonal gammopathy or with that in normals (5 plus or minus 2% in patients with multiple myeloma and 19 plus or minus 5% or 22 plus or minus 7% in controls). Most circulating B cells in patients with multiple myeloma were shown to carry individually specific idiotypic Ig. The monoclonal idiotypic nature of the surface Ig was shown by using antiserums raised against the monoclonal Ig. The idiotypic antiserum was capable of actively binding to and stimulating the idiotypic lymphocytes to divide in vitro. Commercial anti-Ig antiserums raised against normal Ig did not bind to the myeloma lymphocytes. After chemotherapy, lymphocytes carrying the idiotypic Ig decreased in numbers, and this correlated with other variables of clinical improvements. Its role in the pathogenesis of myeloma and its importance for diagnosis and follow-up of patients with myeloma are discussed.
Hydrogen peroxide effects on ionic and non-ionic permeability of the rabbit corneal endothelium. (1991)

Perfusion of the isolated rabbit corneal endothelium with 0.3 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) caused an increased passive permeability to bicarbonate relative to control tissues. This was accompanied by a reduction in the active flux that resulted in a reduced net bicarbonate flux. Perfusion with 0.3 mM H2O2 resulted in a marked increase in the active and net flux of sodium beginning at two hours. By four hours the net sodium flux had increased by nine-fold over control values. Perfusion with 0.3 mM H2O2 resulted in a 16% and 30% increase in endothelial permeability to inulin and dextran, respectively. Suppression of catalase activity by in vivo pretreatment with intravenous 3-aminotriazole (3AT) did not result in an increased sensitivity of the corneal endothelium to 0.2 mM H2O2: both bicarbonate and sodium fluxes were normal. Inhibition of glutathione synthesis with intravitreal buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) increased the sensitivity of the corneal endothelium to 0.2 mM H2O2 only in the case of sodium flux, with a 4.8-fold increase in net sodium flux at 3 hours after initiation of perfusion. Bicarbonate fluxes were unaffected after BSO pretreatment. The data show that ionic and non-ionic fluxes are altered by H2O2, that pretreatment with 3AT has a minimal effect on ion fluxes while BSO markedly alters sodium flux without changing bicarbonate fluxes, and that sodium and bicarbonate movement are not locked in a symport.
The novel compound STK405759 is a microtubule-targeting agent with potent and selective cytotoxicity against multiple myeloma <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> (2016)

Despite advances in treatment, multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable. Here we propose the use of STK405759, a novel microtubule targeting agent (MTA) and member of the furan metotica family for MM therapy.STK405759 inhibited tubulin polymerization in a cell-free system and in myeloma cells. This molecule had potent cytotoxic activity against several MM cell lines and patient-derived MM cells. Moreover, STK405759 demonstrated cytotoxicity against drug-resistant myeloma cells that overexpressed the P-glycoprotein drug-efflux pump. STK405759 was not cytotoxic to peripheral blood mononuclear cells, including activated B and T lymphocytes. This compound caused mitotic arrest and apoptosis of myeloma cells characterized by cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and caspase-8, as well as decreased protein expression of mcl-1. The combination of STK405759 with bortezomib, lenalidomide or dexamethasone had synergistic cytotoxic activity. In in vivo studies, STK405759-treated mice had significantly decreased MM tumor burden and prolonged survival compared to vehicle treated- mice.These results provide a rationale for further evaluation of STK405759 as monotherapy or part of combination therapy for treating patients with MM.
Metal‐Free Dual Modal Contrast Agents Based on Fluorographene Quantum Dots (2016)

Nonfunctionalized and functionalized fluorographene systems are studied of which acid functionalized system shows greater magnetic moment. This is experimentally verified and the hysteresis and low temperature studies reveal paramagnetic behaviour. The inherent paramagnetism along with the fluorine content is utilized in its development as a dual modal agent for proton and 19F MRI. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Is respiratory sinus arrhythmia present in atrial fibrillation? A study using two quantitative methods (1994)

Two quantitative techniques have been evaluated to examine whether respiratory sinus arrhythmia can be detected in atrial fibrillation. Cyclical changes in heart rate during deep breathing indicating respiratory sinus arrhythmia were seen in 11/15 control patients, but only 1/44 patients with atrial fibrillation. Power spectrum analysis suggested that more subtle variations in heart rate with breathing may be present in some patients with atrial fibrillation where it was not detectable by simpler techniques. These results support the hypothesis that although respiratory sinus arrhythmia is not detectable in atrial fibrillation by conventional means, there may still be some mediation of heart rate either by vagal or extravagal mechanisms.
ZnO-based nonvolatile memory thin-film transistors with polymer dielectric/ferroelectric double gate insulators (2007)

The authors report on the fabrication of a top-gate ZnO thin-film transistor (TFT) with a polymer dielectric/ferroelectric double-layer gate insulator that was formed on patterned ZnO through a sequential spin-casting process of 450-nm-thick poly-4-vinylphenol (PVP) and 200-nm-thick poly(vinylidene fluoride/trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF/TrFE)]. Compared to the single P(VDF/TrFE) layer, double layer shows remarkably reduced leakage current with the aid of the PVP buffer. TFT with the PVP/P(VDF/TrFE) double layer exhibits a field effect mobility of 0.36cm2∕V and a large memory hysteresis in the transfer characteristics due to the ferroelectric P(VDF/TrFE). The retention of the device lasted over 2h.
Virus-Neutralizing Antibody Titers against 8 Avian Adenovirus Serotypes in Breeder Hens in Georgia by a Microneutralization Procedure (1977)

Serums from 16 chicken-breeder flocks in Georgia were tested for virus-neutralizing antibody to 8 serotypes of avian adenovirus. Titers to all 8 serotypes were demonstrated in 8 of the flocks, titers to 7 in 6, and titers to fewer than 7 in the other 2 flocks. Although titers were high overall to some serotypes (types 2 and 8) and low to others (types 1, 4, and 5), with statistically significant differences between many titers, the data were difficult to interpret because of possible heterotypic responses of chickens infected with avian adeno-viruses. Used for titrations of serum antibody was a microneutralization procedure that is inexpensive. It proved also to provide reproducibility since titers from replicate tests differed by less than 3 twofold dilutions. In addition, there was a strong linear relation between titers obtained with the microneutralization procedure and a conventional plaque-assay titration procedure. The microneutralization procedure was less sensitive than the conventional procedure by a factor of about 5.5, but that was considered a disadvantage only with low-titered serums.