gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impedance Spectroscopy of Nonactive Metal Electrodes at Low Potentials in Propylene Carbonate Solutions: A Comparison to Studies of Li Electrodes (1994)

Surface films formed on nonactive metals (nickel, gold, and silver) in propylene carbonate solutions were investigated using impedance spectroscopy. The salts used included , , , and , and the impact of their concentration on the properties of the surface films was explored. In addition, the influence of the presence of additives such as, , and in solutions and the potential of formation on the properties of these surface films was rigorously studied. Using simple methods and simulation programs, it was possible to separate the time constants of the impedance spectra, relate them to different parts of the metal‐solution interface, and to calculate the thickness of these surface films from the interfacial capacitances. Following variations of the thickness calculated for the surface films formed in the different systems as a function of applied potential and solution composition, it was possible to study the stability of the surface films, their dissolution rates and the influence of different additives on their stability. For a few systems, ex situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (external reflectance mode) was also applied. The results thus obtained were correlated to previous studies of Li electrodes in the same solutions.
Metabotropic glutamate receptors and cancerous growth (2011)

G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) represent a class of therapeutic targets that have been widely exploited for drug designs and development. Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) belong to Class C GPCRs and are predominantly involved in maintaining cellular homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS). The surprising accumulating evidence suggesting other functional roles of mGluRs in human malignancies in addition to synaptic transmission has presented intriguing possibilities to make mGluRs putative novel targets for human cancers. Since our group first described the aberrant expression of mGluR1 as the driving force in melanomagenesis in transgenic mouse models, other subtypes of mGluRs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancer types such as malignant gliomas and medulloblastomas. As such, increased efforts have been generated to elucidate the mechanisms by which mGluRs confer oncogenic potentials. Current knowledge on the participation of various mGluRs in several human cancers suggests that mGluRs are "druggable" members of the GPCR superfamily and their oncogenic implications in cancer, so further understanding on anti-mGluR strategies will be beneficial.
T1 Template Brain (2014)

<strong>If you make use of this data, please cite:</strong> <strong>Cellular Organization of the Neural Circuit that Drives Drosophila Courtship Behavior</strong><br> Jai Y. Yu, Makoto I. Kanai, Ebru Demir, Gregory S. X. E. Jefferis, Barry J. Dickson<br> http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2010.08.025 A nrrd version of the original intersex template brain available from http://brainbase.imp.ac.at/bbweb, consisting of an average of 45 brains. Voxel size: (0.5488761, 0.5488761, 1) microns.
Vibrational Studies of Different Modifications of the Sodium Hydrogen Sulphate Crystals (1999)

Abstract Three modifications of the sodium hydrogen sulphate (NaHSO4·H2O, A-NaHSO4, B-NaHSO4) have been prepared. Their vibrational spectra have been measured. The results are discussed in relation to the structures of crystals. The good agreement between the crystal structure, selection rules and vibrational spectra is observed for NaHSO4·H2O crystal. However, the careful analysis of the infrared spectra of both anhydrous modifications (A-NaHSO4, B-NaHSO4) show that neither of them correspond to β-NaHSO4 form. On the other hand, the infrared spectra of A-NaHSO4 and B-NaHSO4 modifications show that each of them contain some amount of the α-NaHSO4 phase.
Deep Representation Learning in Speech Processing: Challenges, Recent Advances, and Future Trends (2020)

Research on speech processing has traditionally considered the task of designing hand-engineered acoustic features (feature engineering) as a separate distinct problem from the task of designing efficient machine learning (ML) models to make prediction and classification decisions. There are two main drawbacks to this approach: firstly, the feature engineering being manual is cumbersome and requires human knowledge; and secondly, the designed features might not be best for the objective at hand. This has motivated the adoption of a recent trend in speech community towards utilisation of representation learning techniques, which can learn an intermediate representation of the input signal automatically that better suits the task at hand and hence lead to improved performance. The significance of representation learning has increased with advances in deep learning (DL), where the representations are more useful and less dependent on human knowledge, making it very conducive for tasks like classification, prediction, etc. The main contribution of this paper is to present an up-to-date and comprehensive survey on different techniques of speech representation learning by bringing together the scattered research across three distinct research areas including Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), Speaker Recognition (SR), and Speaker Emotion Recognition (SER). Recent reviews in speech have been conducted for ASR, SR, and SER, however, none of these has focused on the representation learning from speech -- a gap that our survey aims to bridge.
A mixed-signal X-band SiGe multi-function control MMIC for phased array radar applications (2009)

In this paper is reported the design, fabrication and test of a mixed-signal SiGe X-band multi-function control MMIC for phased array radar applications. Said MMIC, fabricated, with the ST-Microelectronics BiCMOS7RF SiGe technology, comprises a 5-bit phase shifter, 5-bit attenuator, SPDT switches, several gain amplifiers and a digital serial to parallel converter to reduce the number of MMIC I/O control lines. The gain amplifiers are implemented using SiGe HBTs, while phase shifter, attenuator and SPDT switches are based on CMOS transistors. The measurement results show a return loss better than 15 dB and a gain of 17 dB, equal in both RX and TX state. In RX mode the obtained noise figure is lower than 10 dB, while in TX mode the output P <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1dB</inf> is higher than 12 dBm. The achieved RF performance, the low power consumption and associated low cost, make this SiGe control-chip an attractive solution for high performance/low cost Tx/Rx components for phased array radar applications.
Membrane Bioreactors for Industrial Wastewater Treatment: A Critical Review (2012)

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has been extensively employed for various industrial wastewater treatments due to its distinct advantages over conventional technologies. To provide present state and development trends of MBR technology used for industrial wastewater treatments, the authors reviewed and analyzed more than 300 scientific publications. They present an overview of the most recent development of MBR technology for treatment of industrial wastewaters (e.g., food processing, pulp and paper, textile, tannery, landfill leachate, pharmaceutical, oily and petrochemical wastewaters). Moreover, they discuss the operational characteristics, fouling characteristics, fouling control strategies, and costs of MBRs in industrial wastewater treatments. Based on the present information on MBR technology, the authors discuss further research aspects of MBRs in industrial wastewater treatments.
Thermoelectric power generation systems recovering heat from combustible solid waste in Japan (2002)

The status and future prospects on the development of thermoelectric power generation systems utilizing heat from the municipal solid waste in Japan are reviewed in this paper. Two ongoing research and development programs related to this application in Japan are briefly introduced. The characteristics of heat from the solid waste processing system lead to the peculiar concept of thermoelectric power generation system. The theoretical and experimental studies including small scale onsite experiment are shown to discuss several technological problems and the guideline for the development of such systems.
Macao's Return: Issues and Concerns (1999)

issues: first, how the Macao Basic Law is interpreted and implemented; and second, whether the Chinese Government will honor its commitments, as embodied in the Macao Basic Law, to maintain the existing legal, political, and economic systems for fifty years.To maintain Macao's stability and prosperity, the Chinese Government must recognize Macao's unique history and culture, accept the differences between the Macanese and Chinese legal and social systems, and respect Macao's autonomy, judicial independence, and its people's human rights, in accordance with the Macao Basic Law.Part II of this Article briefly discusses the history of Macao's separation from China.Part III provides an overview of the Macao Basic Law and the Joint Declaration, which are the two primary legal documents governing the transition process and Macao's future.Part IV discusses various issues and concerns arising from the Joint Declaration, including deploying Chinese troops in Macao, localizing law and civil services, maintaining social order and public security, appropriating the fiscal reserve, and designating an official language.Part V focuses on the interpretation of some of the Macao Basic Law's critical provisions and their potential impact on Macao.Part VI concludes that the Chinese Government must recognize the historical, legal, and cultural differences between China and Macao, respect Macao's culture and legal tradition, and resolve the differences in the spirit of the Basic Law. II. MACAO'S SEPARATIONMacao is a free seaport, located outside of the Pearl River, west of Hong Kong.It includes the Macao Peninsula, Taipa Island and Coloane Island.Covering 20.96 square kilometers, Macao is but one sixty-third the size of Hong Kong. 12Its current population of 450,000 consists of ninety-six percent ethnic Chinese, three China and the Government of the Republic of Portugal on the Question of Macao, Apr. 13
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 1‐Nitroanthraquinone with Hexamethylenetetramine. (1987)

Abstract The reaction between 1‐nitroanthraquinone (I) and hexamethylenetetramine (II) yields the anthraquinone derivatives (III)‐(V).
Receptor-Mediated Introduction of Pepstatin-Asialofetuin Conjugate into Lysosomes of Rat Hepatocytes (1983)

Pepstatin was linked through a carboxyl group to asialofetuin (PS-ASF). An analysis by separation of hepatocytes from nonparenchymal cells showed that PS-ASF was taken up by hepatocytes, following intravenous injection into rats. After the injection of PS-ASF, pepstatin concentration in the liver reached a maximum at 2 h and then decreased. In an analysis by differential centrifugation of the liver homogenate from rats injected with PS-ASF, pepstatin showed a lysosomal type subcellular distribution pattern. Isolation studies of tritosomes clearly demonstrated the exclusive accumulation of pepstatin within the lysosomes of livers from rats given PS-ASF (at 2 h after administration). Pepstatin contained in tritosomes was in a free form, as determined by column chromatography of Sephadex G-15. The activity of cathepsin D in the livers was markedly inhibited in rats given PS-ASF. However, the treatment of rats with PS-ASF had no effect on the hepatic lysosomal degradation of endocytosed FITC-labeled asialofetuin (FITC-ASF). Introduction of PS-ASF into the hepatocytes was followed by the immediate and time-dependent excretion of free pepstatin into the bile. Quantification of pepstatin excreted into the bile revealed that the biliary excretion route can account for the disappearance of pepstatin from the liver.
Deadlock Prediction: Easy and Difficult Cases (1978)

The subject of this paper is the computational complexity of the deadlock prediction problem for resource allocation. This problem is the question “Is deadlock avoidable?” i.e. “Is there a feasible sequence in which to allocate all the resource requests?” given the current status of a resource allocation system. This status is defined by (1) the resource vector held by the banker, i.e. the quantity of resources presently available for allocation, and (2) the resource requests of the processes: Each process is required to make a termination request of the form “Give me resource vector y and I will eventually terminate and return resource vector z.” Also, each process can make any number of partial requests of the form “If you can’t give me y, then give me a smaller resource vector $y'$ and I will be able to reach a point at which I can halt and temporarily return to $z'$, although I will still need need $y - y' + z'$ to terminate.” If (1) the resources are reusable and (2) partial requests are not allowed, then Habermann’s well known “banker’s algorithm” solves the deadlock prediction problem in polynomial time. The results of this paper are as follows: If either constraint (1) or constraint (2) is removed, then the deadlock prediction problem is NP-complete. A generalization of the banker’s algorithm solves this problem with the following constraint: For each process, the 0 vector and the profitability vectors $(z - y)$ of its partial and termination requests are linearly ordered with respect to size. This case includes systems with one type of resource or with Hansen’s (1973) hierarchically partitioned reusable resources.
Fast result normalization in FP adder (2008)

Floating-point adders use double-path structure to reduce the latency. In the present implementation there are two paths: NORMALIZING and ROUNDING. The NORMALIZING path includes significand adder, normalization shift amount generator, normalizer, result exponent correction adder. The MSBs of the shift amount for result normalization are anticipated, and the LSBs of the shift amount are detected. Both parts of the shift amount generator take into account the maximum shift amount implied by the ANSI/IEEE Standard No 754. That makes possible to implement gradual underflow mode in hardware with small area and latency overhead. The presented leading zeroes anticipation analyzes input operand rather than the summands of the adder. A method of inexact anticipation correction has been proposed that delivers the exact result without extra logical levels. Area and critical paths have been evaluated.
Indoor navigation for an automatic guided vehicle with beacon based relative distance estimation (2016)

When an autonomous guided vehicle (AGV) rotates its direction in a narrow indoor environment, overlapped zone or dead zone may happen depending on either sensing multiple landmarks or no sensing landmark. We present a self-localization of an AGV based on artificial beacons. With this approach, the position of an AGV is determined by its relative distance to a beacon, whose location is known in advance. A promising range of acquiring the best beacon signal strength should be known to us and thus this reliable location information will be used to control the AGV more precisely.
A Novel Solution of Distributed Memory NoSQL Database for Cloud Computing (2011)

The traditional relational database to online storage are becoming increasingly problematic: the low performance do not gracefully meet the needs of mass data, the storage approaches of massive data are still not perfect presents. NoSQL and distributed memory database technologies have the potential to simplify or eliminate many of these challenges. NoSQL database technologies can provide Key-value style of data storage and largely ensure high performance. Distributed memory database technologies provide a means for easily store mass data in cloud in a dynamic and scalable manner. This paper argues for a new architecture called CDSA, which is a distributed memory NoSQL database architecture for Cloud computing to improve the performance of querying data and ensure mass data storage in cloud by using rational strategy. Furthermore, add or deleted any node from the distributed database cluster, the others node can work without stop service. We believe that CDSA can provide durable storage with high throughput and lower access latency.
Radiation-Induced Adaptive Response for Protection against Micronucleus Formation and Neoplastic Transformation in C3H 10T1/2 Mouse Embryo Cells (1994)

We have monitored the end points of cellular survival, micronucleus formation and neoplastic transformation frequency to assess adaptation to ionizing radiation in the C3H 10T1/2 mouse embryo cell system. Plateau-phase cells were pre-exposed to an adapting dose of 0.1 to 1.5 Gy low-dose-rate gamma radiation 3.5 h prior to an acute challenge dose of 4 Gy. No adapting dose improved clonogenic survival detectably, whether the cells were plated immediately after the acute exposure or held in plateau phase for 3.5 h before plating. However, all chronic adapting doses resulted in both a reduction in micronucleus frequency in binucleate cells and about a twofold reduction in neoplastic transformation frequency per viable cell when cells were subsequently exposed to the 4-Gy challenge dose. Our data suggest that a low-dose-rate pre-exposure to ionizing radiation induces an adaptive response in C3H 10T1/2 cells, and that this response enhances DNA double-strand break repair when cells are subsequently exposed to a second radiation dose. This enhanced repair appears to be error-free since these adapted cells are also less susceptible to radiation-induced neoplastic transformation.
Dynamically coated PLOT [porous layer open tubular] columns (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDynamically coated PLOT [porous layer open tubular] columnsJ. G. NikellyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1973, 45, 13, 2280–2282Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60335a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60335a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views98Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The similarity metric (2003)

A new class of metrics appropriate for measuring effective similarity relations between sequences, say one type of similarity per metric, is studied. We propose a new "normalized information distance", based on the noncomputable notion of Kolmogorov complexity, and show that it minorizes every metric in the class (that is, it is universal in that it discovers all effective similarities). We demonstrate that it too is a metric and takes values in [0, 1]; hence it may be called the <i>similarity metric</i>. This is a theory foundation for a new general practical tool. We give two distinctive applications in widely divergent areas (the experiments by necessity use just computable approximations to the target notions). First, we computationally compare whole mitochondrial genomes and infer their evolutionary history. This results in a first completely automatic computed whole mitochondrial phylogeny tree. Secondly, we give fully automatically computed language tree of 52 different language based on translated versions of the "Universal Declaration of Human Rights".
Anergic T Lymphocytes Selectively Express an Integrin Regulatory Protein of the Cytohesin Family (2000)

It has been proposed that the maintenance of T cell anergy depends on the induction of negative regulatory factors. Differential display of reverse transcribed RNA was used to identify novel genes that might mediate this function in anergic Th1 clones. We report that anergic Th1 clones do indeed express a genetic program different from that of responsive T cells. Moreover, one gene, the general receptor of phosphoinositides 1 (GRP1), was selectively induced in anergic T cells. The GRP1, located in the plasma membrane, regulated integrin-mediated adhesion and was invariably associated with unresponsiveness in multiple models of anergy. T cells expressing retrovirally transduced GRP1 exhibited normal proliferation and cytokine production. However, GRP1-transduced T cells were not stable and rapidly lost GRP1 expression. Thus, although GRP1 may not directly mediate T cell anergy, it regulates cell expansion and survival, perhaps through its integrin-associated activities.
Oligosaccharide and Sucrose Complexes of Amylosucrase (2002)

The glucosyltransferase amylosucrase is structurally quite similar to the hydrolase alpha-amylase. How this switch in functionality is achieved is an important and fundamental question. The inactive E328Q amylosucrase variant has been co-crystallized with maltoheptaose, and the structure was determined by x-ray crystallography to 2.2 A resolution, revealing a maltoheptaose binding site in the B'-domain somewhat distant from the active site. Additional soaking of these crystals with maltoheptaose resulted in replacement of Tris in the active site with maltoheptaose, allowing the mapping of the -1 to +5 binding subsites. Crystals of amylosucrase were soaked with sucrose at different concentrations. The structures at approximately 2.1 A resolution revealed three new binding sites of different affinity. The highest affinity binding site is close to the active site but is not in the previously identified substrate access channel. Allosteric regulation seems necessary to facilitate access from this binding site. The structures show the pivotal role of the B'-domain in the transferase reaction. Based on these observations, an extension of the hydrolase reaction mechanism valid for this enzyme can be proposed. In this mechanism, the glycogen-like polymer is bound in the widest access channel to the active site. The polymer binding introduces structural changes that allow sucrose to migrate from its binding site into the active site and displace the polymer.
Psychological assessment of patients with Menière's disease (2006)

The objective of this study was to evaluate daily stressors, coping, personality, physical and mental health, and quality of life in Menière patients. 110 consecutive patients with definite Menière's disease were assessed using the Dutch Daily Hassles List, Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS), Symptoms Checklist 90 (SCL-90), NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and the Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36). Duration and subjective severity of symptoms were scored using a self-report questionnaire. It was shown that Menière patients had more daily stressors, used certain coping strategies less often, and had more psychopathology (e.g. anxiety and depression), and a worse quality of life compared to healthy reference groups. No abnormalities in personality were found. Patients with more severe symptoms had more psychopathology and a worse quality of life than patients with mild symptoms. The psychological profile of Menière patients seems comparable to patients with other chronic diseases. The outcomes should be used to intensify psychological support in patients with this disabling disease.