gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Human Escort Protein Hep Binds to the ATPase Domain of Mitochondrial Hsp70 and Regulates ATP Hydrolysis (2008)

Hsp70 escort proteins (Hep) have been implicated as essential for maintaining the function of yeast mitochondrial hsp70 molecular chaperones (mtHsp70), but the role that escort proteins play in regulating mammalian chaperone folding and function has not been established. We present evidence that human mtHsp70 exhibits limited solubility due to aggregation mediated by its ATPase domain and show that human Hep directly enhances chaperone solubility through interactions with this domain. In the absence of Hep, mtHsp70 was insoluble when expressed in Escherichia coli, as was its isolated ATPase domain and a chimera having this domain fused to the peptide-binding domain of HscA, a soluble monomeric chaperone. In contrast, these proteins all exhibited increased solubility when expressed in the presence of Hep. In vitro studies further revealed that purified Hep regulates the interaction of mtHsp70 with nucleotides. Full-length mtHsp70 exhibited slow intrinsic ATP hydrolysis activity (6.8+/-0.2 x 10(-4) s(-1)) at 25 degrees C, which was stimulated up to 49-fold by Hep. Hep also stimulated the activity of the isolated ATPase domain, albeit to a lower maximal extent (11.5-fold). In addition, gel-filtration studies showed that formation of chaperone-escort protein complexes inhibited mtHsp70 self-association, and they revealed that Hep binding to full-length mtHsp70 and its isolated ATPase domain is strongest in the absence of nucleotides. These findings provide evidence that metazoan escort proteins regulate the catalytic activity and solubility of their cognate chaperones, and they indicate that both forms of regulation arise from interactions with the mtHsp70 ATPase domain.
Self-organized color image quantization for color image data compression (2002)

A neural network approach to image color quantization and hence to image data compression is presented. Self-organizing feature maps form a basis for general vector quantization, and this is applied to the tristimulus color values of image pixels. For image telecommunication systems such as videoconferencing, it is desirable to constrain the encoder to a single pass of the image using the normal raster scan. This conflicts with the training requirements of a self-organized network. By the appropriate choice of codebook size this limitation can be turned into an advantage. The network performs a mix of vector quantization and run-length coding, thus compressing the image data in two ways.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Variability and evolution of the plant RNA virus pepper mild mottle virus (1989)

The RNA genomes of 26 isolates of pepper mild mottle virus were compared by their RNase T1 fingerprints. Twenty-three isolates came from epidemic outbreaks in greenhouse-grown peppers in Almería (southeastern Spain) from 1983 to 1987; three other isolates, from 1980, came from Sicily (Italy) and Zaragoza (central Spain). The 26 fingerprints can be classified into 10 different types; nucleotide substitution rates show them to be very similar. Cluster and cladistic analyses group types corresponding to the Almería isolates separate from those of 1980. Intraannual and interannual nucleotide differences were estimated. An evolutionary model for pepper mild mottle virus built on these data indicates a highly stable population, maintaining its diversity through time, with a main prevailing haplotype from which closely related variants arise that do not replace it. This high stability could be due to strong functional constraints on variation, as suggested by the high proportion of invariant versus polymorphic sites in fingerprints.
EXTRACTION OF Am FROM NITRIC ACID BY CARBAMOYL-PHOSPHORYL EXTRACTANTS: THE INFLUENCE OF SUBSTITUENTS ON THE SELECTIVITY OF Am OVER Fe AND SELECTED FISSION PRODUCTS (1986)

A number of neutral extractants containing the P(0)(CH2)nC(0)N raolety were evaluated for their ability to extract Am from nitric acid and their selectivity for Am over Fe and selected fission products. Extractants containing alkoxy, alkyl, and aryl substltuents were evaluated. Tetrachloroethylene was used as a diluent. Fission products selected for study were Y, Zr, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sra, and Eu. The conclusions drawn were that the most efficient and selective Am extractant contains a single carbon bridging group, one or two phenyl groups attached to the phosphorus atom and l9obutyl groups attached to the amide nitrogen.
Automated measurement of strabismic deviations using a remote haploscope and an infrared television-based eye tracker. (1987)

A large concave mirror used in a specular display arrangement provides a remote mirror haploscope having superimposed visual fields subtending 50° × 50° at a viewing distance of 80 cm. Strabismic d...
Disorders of the Placenta, Fetus, and Neonate: Diagnosis and Clinical Significance (1992)

The ancient mechanisms that regulate human reproductive performance environmental influences on the embryo and early foetus maternal nutrition and pregnancy outcome foetal growth, effects of maternal cigarette smoking on the foetus and neonate disorders of the umbilical cord disorders of the placenta and decidua disorders of the foetal membranes preterm birth disorders of twins disorders of the central nervous system differing effects of male and female foetuses on pregnancy outcome being an expert witness - claims of birth injury.
Evaluation of Acoustic Characteristics for Various Composite Ventilation Material by Using Impedance Tube (2014)

With the development of techniques, the acoustic performance of 3C electroacoustic products, such as earphone, headphone, microspeaker and etc., will be paid much attention. Ventilation material which is often used in the front and rear side of the product is also an important component to affect the acoustic performance. Depending on the diverse manufacture processes and materials, there are many kinds of ventilation materials, including paper, mesh, poron, nonwoven and etc.. This study aims to investigate acoustic characteristics of these ventilation materials, including air permeability, reflection coefficient, and acoustic impedance. The result indicates that mesh with different code number shows similar air permeability. Meanwhile, the reflection coefficients of each mesh material have no significant variation with the frequency. For the lower frequencies, the level of acoustic impedance is much related to the structure or material used. With the increment of frequency, the acoustic impedance of all the materials will converge to a certain value even for the higher density material.
Ruxolitinib for the Treatment of Patients with Steroid-Refractory GVHD: An Introduction to the REACH  Trials (2018)

For patients with hematologic malignancies and disorders, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation offers a potentially curative treatment option. Many patients develop graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a serious complication and leading cause of nonrelapse mortality. Corticosteroids are the standard first-line treatment for GVHD; however, patients often become steroid-refractory or remain corticosteroid-dependent. New second-line treatment options are needed to improve patient outcomes. Here we review the role of JAK1 and JAK2 in acute and chronic GVHD. We also describe the study designs of the Phase II REACH1 (NCT02953678) and the Phase III REACH2 (NCT02913261) and REACH3 (NCT03112603) clinical trials that are currently recruiting patients to evaluate the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib in patients with corticosteroid-refractory acute or chronic GVHD.
Anxious personality predicts an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (2010)

We studied the association of three personality traits related to neuroticism with the subsequent risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) using a historical cohort study. We included 7,216 subjects who resided within the 120-mile radius centered in Rochester, MN, at the time they completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) for research at the Mayo Clinic from 1962 to 1965. We considered three MMPI personality scales (pessimistic, anxious, and depressive traits). A total of 6,822 subjects (94.5%) were followed over four decades either actively or passively. During follow-up, 227 subjects developed parkinsonism (156 developed PD). An anxious personality was associated with an increased risk of PD [hazard ratio (HR), 1.63; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.16-2.27]. A pessimistic personality trait was also associated with an increased risk of PD but only in men (HR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.20-3.07). By contrast, a depressive trait was not associated with increased risk. Analyses combining scores from the three personality scales into a composite neuroticism score showed an association of neuroticism with PD (HR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.10-2.16). The association with neuroticism remained significant even when the MMPI was administered early in life (ages 20-39 years). By contrast, none of the three personality traits was associated with the risk of non-PD types of parkinsonism grouped together. Our long-term historical cohort study suggests that an anxious personality trait may predict an increased risk of PD developing many years later.
Micro reactors: a new tool for the synthetic chemist (2007)

This review focuses on the use of micro reactors as tools in synthetic organic chemistry, aiming to highlight the many advantages associated with their use, in particular their ability to synthesise products in high yield, purity and, where relevant, selectivity.
Phase 2, multicenter, open‐label study of tigatuzumab (CS‐1008), a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting death receptor 5, in combination with gemcitabine in chemotherapy‐naive patients with unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer (2013)

Tigatuzumab is the humanized version of the agonistic murine monoclonal antibody TRA-8 that binds to the death receptor 5 and induces apoptosis of human cancer cell lines via the caspase cascade. The combination of tigatuzumab and gemcitabine inhibits tumor growth in murine pancreatic xenografts. This phase 2 trial evaluated the efficacy of tigatuzumab combined with gemcitabine in 62 chemotherapy-naive patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer. Patients received intravenous tigatuzumab (8 mg/kg loading dose followed by 3 mg/kg weekly) and gemcitabine (1000 mg/m(2) once weekly for 3 weeks followed by 1 week of rest) until progressive disease (PD) or unacceptable toxicity occurred. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) at 16 weeks. Secondary end points included objective response rate (ORR) (complete responses plus partial responses), duration of response, and overall survival (OS). Safety of the combination was also evaluated. Mean duration of treatment was 18.48 weeks for tigatuzumab and 17.73 weeks for gemcitabine. The PFS rate at 16 weeks was 52.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 39.3-64.1%). The ORR was 13.1%; 28 (45.9%) patients had stable disease and 14 (23%) patients had PD. Median PFS was 3.9 months (95% CI, 2.2-5.4 months). Median OS was 8.2 months (95% CI, 5.1-9.6 months). The most common adverse events related to tigatuzumab were nausea (35.5%), fatigue (32.3%), and peripheral edema (19.4%). Tigatuzumab combined with gemcitabine was well tolerated and may be clinically active for the treatment of chemotherapy-naive patients with unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Effects of sulfated polysaccharides on tumour biology (2006)

Sulfated polysaccharides can act not only as anticoagulants but also as tumour inhibitors. Recent studies suggest that sulfated polysaccharides could affect tumour cells directly. Sulfated polysaccharides could inhibit the metastasis and proliferation of tumour cells by binding to growth factors and cell adhesion molecules. Moreover, sulfated polysaccharides could inhibit heparanase, which cleaves heparan sulfate chains of heparan sulfate proteoglycans and cause release of growth factors sequestered by heparan sulfate chains. Some sulfated polysaccharides can induce apoptosis and differentiation of tumour cells, but the mechanism is uncertain. In addition, sulfated polysaccharides can enhance the innate and adaptive immune response for tumour cells. Thus, the anti-tumour mechanism of sulfated polysaccharides can be explained, at least partly, through the effects on tumour biology directly.
Novel Ag<sup>+</sup>‐zeolite/polymer mixed matrix membranes with a high CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> selectivity (2007)

Abstract A novel silver ion‐exchange treatment of zeolite was introduced in this work to change the physical and chemical adsorption properties of penetrants in the zeolite. EDX data confirm the complete replacement of sodium ion in zeolite NaA by silver ion, whereas XRD patterns and BET results show no changes in some physical properties of zeolite after the silver ion‐exchange treatment. Polyethersulfone (PES)‐zeolite NaA mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) and PES–zeolite AgA MMMs were fabricated at high processing temperatures with different zeolite loadings. Cross‐sectional SEM images of these two types of MMMs indicate the interface between polymer and zeolite phases is comparable before and after the silver ion‐exchange treatment. The effects of silver ion‐exchange treatment of zeolite and zeolite loadings on the gas separation performance of these MMMs were investigated. CO 2 permeability of PES–zeolite AgA MMMs is higher than that of PES–zeolite NaA MMMs, whereas their CH 4 permeability is lower than that of PES–zeolite NaA MMMs. This trend is the result of the reversible reaction between silver ion and CO 2 molecule. CO 2 and CH 4 permeability of PES–zeolite AgA MMMs decreases with increasing zeolite content arising from the effects of partial pore blockage of zeolite and polymer chain rigidification, whereas their CO 2 /CH 4 selectivity increases with an increase in zeolite loadings and the highest value reaches 59.6 at 50 wt % zeolite loading because of a combined effect of the facilitated transport mechanism of silver ion and the molecular sieving mechanism of zeolite. Both CO 2 ‐induced plasticization test and CO 2 /CH 4 mixed gas measurement were performed to examine the applicability of these developed PES–zeolite AgA MMMs in industry. Results prove that this type of composite membrane material is a superior candidate for the practical separation of natural gas. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007
Diapause, voltinism, and foodplants of Automeris io (Saturniidae) in the southeastern United States (1993)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
The conical spiral antenna over the ground (2002)

The two-arm, conical spiral antenna (CSA) is a well-known antenna that has several desirable features when isolated in free space, such as uniform input impedance, gain, and circular polarization over a broad frequency range. This antenna is investigated when placed directly over the ground with its axis normal to the surface of the ground. In this configuration, the CSA may be useful for applications in which signals must be transmitted into the ground and/or received from within the ground, such as communication links to underground tunnels and ground-penetrating radars. First, the performance of the CSA in free space is reviewed, and then qualitative arguments based on the geometrical and electrical properties of the isolated antenna are used to predict the performance when this antenna is placed over the ground. Next, results from a complete analysis of the CSA over the ground, performed with the finite-difference time-domain method, are used to quantitatively verify these predictions. The paper ends with an illustrative example in which the CSA is used in a monostatic ground-penetrating radar.
Neuronally expressed anti-tau scFv prevents tauopathy-induced phenotypes in Drosophila models (2020)

We have derived single-chain variable fragments (scFv) from tau antibody hybridomas and previously shown their promise as imaging diagnostic agents. Here, we examined the therapeutic potential of anti-tau scFv in transgenic Drosophila models that express in neurons wild-type (WT) human tau (htau) or the human tauopathy mutation R406W. scFv expressing flies were crossed with the tauopathy flies and analyzed. Overall, the survival curves differed significantly (p < .0001). Control flies not expressing htau survived the longest, whereas R406W expressing flies had the shortest lifespan, which was greatly prolonged by co-expressing the anti-tau scFv (p < .0001). Likewise, htau WT expressing flies had a moderately short lifespan, which was prolonged by co-expressing the anti-tau scFv (p < .01). In addition, the htau expression impaired wing expansion after eclosion (p < .0001), and caused progressive abdomen expansion (p < .0001). These features were more severe in htau R406W flies than in htau WT flies. Importantly, both phenotypes were prevented by co-expression of the anti-tau scFv (p < .01-0.0001). Lastly, brain analyses revealed scFv-mediated tau clearance (p < .05-0.01), and its prevention of tau-mediated neurotoxicity (p < .05-0.001). In summary, these findings support the therapeutic potential of an anti-tau scFv, including as gene therapies, and the use of Drosophila models for such screening.
Study of the thermal field and thermal stress field of typical BGA packaging by numerical simulation (2014)

A typical 3D-BGA packaging model was set up and numerical simulation method was used to study its thermal field and thermal stress field distribution when chip works on a given power. Different heat convection coefficients and packaging materials had been applied to study their effects on the temperature and stress field. The results show that the influence on the temperature and stress field decreases with the increasing heat convection coefficients. On the study of the thermal stress and strain field, the maximum strain occurs at the edges region of the packaging, but the maximum stress appears on the top surface of sub-center ball because of the structural design with a cover shell, and it limits the occurrence of large deformation in some extent. This paper shows the general rules when BGA packaging model works, and helps to design advanced and reliable packaging structure.
Leptin: Genes, Concepts and Clinical Perspective (1996)

Obesity is a complex disease which results from the interaction of multiple genes and the environment. The recently discovered genes for leptin (ob gene) and the leptin receptor appear to play a major regulatory role in body energy balance and adipose tissue deposition. Furthermore, defects in the ob gene and leptin receptor gene have been demonstrated to be the cause of obesity in several rodent models. These observations raise the possibility that human obesity may also be due to defects in the leptin signal system. This review will summarize the current findings on the ob gene, leptin and the leptin receptor in both animals and humans. These observations will be discussed in the context of potential defects in the system and the possibility that these defects result in obesity in humans.
Hepatitis C Virus Hypervariable Region 1 Variants Presented on Hepatitis B Virus Capsid-Like Particles Induce Cross-Neutralizing Antibodies (2014)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is still a serious global health burden. Despite improved therapeutic options, a preventative vaccine would be desirable especially in undeveloped countries. Traditionally, highly conserved epitopes are targets for antibody-based prophylactic vaccines. In HCV-infected patients, however, neutralizing antibodies are primarily directed against hypervariable region I (HVRI) in the envelope protein E2. HVRI is the most variable region of HCV, and this heterogeneity contributes to viral persistence and has thus far prevented the development of an effective HVRI-based vaccine. The primary goal of an antibody-based HCV vaccine should therefore be the induction of cross-reactive HVRI antibodies. In this study we approached this problem by presenting selected cross-reactive HVRI variants in a highly symmetric repeated array on capsid-like particles (CLPs). SplitCore CLPs, a novel particulate antigen presentation system derived from the HBV core protein, were used to deliberately manipulate the orientation of HVRI and therefore enable the presentation of conserved parts of HVRI. These HVRI-CLPs induced high titers of cross-reactive antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies. The combination of only four HVRI CLPs was sufficient to induce antibodies cross-reactive with 81 of 326 (24.8%) naturally occurring HVRI peptides. Most importantly, HVRI CLPs with AS03 as an adjuvant induced antibodies with a 10-fold increase in neutralizing capability. These antibodies were able to neutralize infectious HCVcc isolates and 4 of 19 (21%) patient-derived HCVpp isolates. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the induction of at least partially cross-neutralizing antibodies is possible. This approach might be useful for the development of a prophylactic HCV vaccine and should also be adaptable to other highly variable viruses.
Stabilization of zwitterionic aryltrifluoroborates against hydrolysis (2010)

The presence of a proximal cationic group in zwitterionic aryltrifluoroborates such as o-(Ph(2)MeP)C(6)H(4)(BF(3)) stabilizes these compounds against hydrolysis.
Injection Locking of Spin-Torque Nano-Oscillators (2014)

We demonstrated the phase locking of a spin-torque oscillator (STO) to an alternating current (ac) using macrospin and micromagnetic simulations. We found that the locking properties of both approaches agree with each other. The phase difference between the STO and the injected ac stabilizes at Δφ ≈ 90° and is not sensitive to the initial phase difference, which provides potential application of STO for microwave generation.
Tensile Strength and Stiffness of Spliced Mechanically Laminated Posts (1992)

Thirty, spliced, mechanically laminated posts were evaluated in tension to determine their tensile strength and stiffness. The 30 posts consisted of five replicates of six designs fabricated with No. 1 Dense Southern Pine lumber. The strength of all six designs was controlled by the strength of the mechanical fasteners used to laminate the assemblies. The allowable tensile strength of unspliced posts, as calculated according to NFPA National Design Specifications, was shown to be 6.6 to 7.4 times greater than the calculated design tensile strength of spliced nail-laminated posts without butt joint reinforcement. With proper use of butt joint reinforcement, post strength was substantially increased. Finite element methods of analysis can be used to predict the distribution of tensile forces in spliced posts. However, the accuracy of such predictions was shown to be highly dependent on the load-slip parameters used to model the behavior of mechanical connections.
Analysis of improved adiabatic pseudo-domino logicfamily (1998)

The authors show that when an improved adiabatic pseudo-domino logic circuit is used to perform complex logic, the circuit is susceptible to switching noise and logic failure.