gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of amino acid substitution by sited-directed mutagenesis on the carbohydrate recognition and stability of human 14-kDa beta-galactoside-binding lectin. (1991)

The roles of selected amino acid residues of human 14-kDa beta-galactoside-binding lectin were studied by site-directed mutagenesis. Ten mutant lectin proteins were produced, in each of which one of the residues regarded as possibly related to the stability of the lectin (6 cysteine residues) or one of those highly conserved in the vertebrate beta-galactoside-binding lectin family (Asn46, Trp68, Glu71, and Arg73), was substituted. All the mutant lectins in which one of the cysteine residues had been substituted with serine (C2S, C16S, C42S, C60S, C88S, and C130S) proved to have sugar binding ability comparable with that of the wild-type lectin. In addition, one of the mutants in which Cys2 was substituted (C2S) was found to have become considerably more stable under non-reducing conditions. It retained asialofetuin binding activity for over a week in the absence of beta-mercaptoethanol, while the wild-type lectin lost it within a day. This suggests that oxidation of Cys2 could be a key process in the inactivation of human 14-kDa lectin. Substitution of highly conservative Trp68 to tyrosine (W68Y) slightly reduced lactose binding ability, but the mutant was still adsorbed strongly on asialofetuin-agarose. Other mutant lectins in which conservative hydrophilic amino acids were substituted (N46D, E71Q, and R73H) failed to bind to the asialofetuin agarose, with no sign of retardation. Thus, conservative hydrophilic residues proved to be more important in carbohydrate recognition than the cysteine and tryptophan residues, contrary to the widely accepted concept that these latter residues are essential.
A high power-density and high efficiency insulated metal substrate based GaN HEMT power module (2017)

Industry is adopting GaN HEMTs in 3kW or higher power systems, which exhibit excellent figure of merit compared to conventional Silicon devices. Thermal considerations as well as circuit parasitics in high power and high density GaN-based systems play a significant role in achieving overall performance. A high density and high efficiency Insulated Metal Substrate (IMS) based GaN HEMT power module design is proposed in this paper. FEM simulation and experiments are performed to verify the thermal and electrical performance. Excellent consistency has been shown between the simulation and experimental results.
The Role of PD-1 in Acute and Chronic Infection (2020)

PD-1 as an immune checkpoint molecule down-regulates T cell activity during immune responses in order to prevent autoimmune tissue damage. In chronic infections or tumors, lasting antigen-exposure leads to permanent PD-1 expression that can limit immune-mediated clearance of pathogens or degenerated cells. Blocking PD-1 can enhance T cell function; in cancer treatment PD-1 blockade is already used as a successful therapy. However, the role of PD-1 expression and blocking in the context of acute and chronic infections is less defined. Building on its success in cancer therapy leads to the hypothesis that blocking PD-1 in infectious diseases is also beneficial in acute or chronic infections. This review will focus on the role of PD-1 expression in acute and chronic infections with virus, bacteria, and parasites, with a particular focus on recent studies regarding PD-1 blockade in infectious diseases.
A plate oscillating across a liquid interface: effects of contact-angle hysteresis (1987)

We consider the oscillatory motion of a solid plate into and out of a bath of liquid. Assuming that the displacement amplitude of the plate motion is small and that the capillary number is small, the problem reduces to solving an interfacial boundaryvalue problem for the response of the contact line. The characteristic contact angle versus contact-line speed relationship includes contact-angle hysteresis which is assumed small and comparable to the amplitude of the plate motion. Sinusoidal and square-wave plate motions are considered. We find that the contact line moves with the plate if the contact line is fixed, but has relative motion otherwise. It would then advance part of the time, recede part of the time, and remain stationary in the transition periods. Further, we find that both contact-angle hysteresis and steepening of the contact angle with increasing contact-line speed are dissipative effects.
The spectrum of natural hydrogen sulfide between 2150 and 2950 cm<sup>−1</sup> (1984)

Spectra of hydrogen sulfide have been recorded between 2150 and 2950 cm −1 with a Fourier transform spectrophotometer at a resolution of 0.01 cm −1 . Most of the absorption in this region is due to the 2ν 2 , ν 1 , and ν 3 bands of H 2 32 S, H 2 33 S, and H 2 34 S observed in natural abundance. A careful analysis of the spectra, combined with recent data on the ground states of the three isotopic species, led to an improved and extended set of rotational energy levels of the (020), (100), and (001) vibrational states of these isotopes. The rovibrational levels have been subjected to a least squares fit, using a Hamiltonian which takes the effects of Coriolis resonance explicitly into account, and precise rotational and coupling parameters have been determined.About 529 individual line intensities have been measured and from them it has been possible to deduce the expansion of the transformed transition moment operators of the three bands 2ν 2 , ν 1 , and ν 3 and to determine the first derivatives of the dipole moment[Formula: see text]Finally, a complete list of line positions and intensities of natural hydrogen sulfide has been computed which should be of interest for the analysis of infrared spectra of the giant planets and for pollution studies.
“One-pot” fabrication of clickable monoliths for enzyme reactors (2013)

A simple, novel "one-pot" approach was developed for the preparation of organic-silica hybrid monoliths. Two clickable monoliths functionalized with either azido or alkynyl moieties were prepared. The clickable monoliths were further used for the fabrication of enzyme reactors via "click chemistry".
A new glucocerebrosidase-gene missense mutation responsible for neuronopathic Gaucher disease in Japanese patients. (1991)

We have identified a new T-to-A single-base substitution at nucleotide 3548 (in the genomic sequence) in exon 6 in the glucocerebrosidase gene from a patient with Gaucher disease type 3. This mutation caused a substitution of isoleucine for phenylalanine at amino acid residue 213 (of 497 residues in the mature protein). By in vitro expression study in cultured mammalian cells, this mutation resulted in deficient activity of glucocerebrosidase. By allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization of selectively PCR-amplified DNA from eight unrelated Japanese Gaucher disease patients, this mutant allele was observed in other neuronopathic Japanese Gaucher disease patients, in moderately frequent occurrence (three of six neuronopathic patients). This observation suggests that this allele was one of severe [corrected] alleles which were related to the development of neurological manifestations of Gaucher disease.
Tumor‐infiltrating, interleukin‐33–producing effector‐memory CD8+ T cells in resected hepatocellular carcinoma prolong patient survival (2015)

Infiltration of HCCs by IL-33(+) and CD8(+) cells is independently associated with prolonged patient survival. We suggest that this is due to an induction of highly effective, cytotoxically active CD8(+) CD62L(-) KLRG1(+) CD107a(+) effector-memory cells producing IL-33. Based on these two independent factors, we established an HCC immune score that provides risk stratification for HCC patients and can be used in the clinical setting.
Engineering design of a radiative divertor for DIII-D (1994)

A new divertor configuration is being developed for the DIII-D tokamak. This divertor will operate in the radiative mode. Experiments and modeling form the basis for the new design. The Radiative Divertor reduces the heat flux on the divertor plates by dispersing the power with radiation in the divertor region. In addition, the Radiative Divertor structure will allow density control in plasma shapes required for advanced tokamak operation. The divertor structure allows for operation in either double-null or single-null plasma configurations. Four independently controlled divertor cryopumps will enable pumping at either the inboard (upper and lower) or the outboard (upper and lower) divertor plates. An upgrade to the DIII-D cryogenic system is part of this project. The increased capabilities of the cryogenic system will allow delivery of liquid helium and nitrogen to the three new cryopumps. The Radiative Divertor design is very flexible, and will allow physics studies of the effects of slot width and length. Radiative Divertor diagnostics are being designed in parallel to provide comprehensive measurements for diagnosing the divertor. The Radiative divertor installation is scheduled for late 1996. Engineering experience gained in the DIII-D Advanced Divertor program form a foundation for the design work on the Radiative Divertor.
Compounds Affecting the Central Nervous System. III. Substituted 1,1-Diaryl-t-aminopropanols and Related Compounds (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCompounds Affecting the Central Nervous System. III. Substituted 1,1-Diaryl-t-aminopropanols and Related CompoundsD. I. Barron, G. H. Hall, I. L. Natoff, H. F. Ridley, R. G. W. Spickett, and D. K. VallanceCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1965, 8, 6, 836–841Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00330a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00330a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cellulose Nanofibril Aerogels: Synergistic Improvement of Hydrophobicity, Strength, and Thermal Stability via Cross-Linking with Diisocyanate (2017)

A facile gelation cross-linking approach was devised to fabricate meso- and macroporous cellulose nanofibril (CNF) aerogels with multiple improved properties. CNF hydrogels made using a freezing-thawing method with a 94 kPa modulus were solvent exchanged with acetone and then cross-linked with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) to produce aerogels with significantly improved compressive properties that follow a power law increment against aerogel density with impressive 1.69, 2.49, and 1.43 scaling factors for Young's modulus, yield stress, and ultimate stress, respectively. The optimally cross-linked aerogels had nearly tripled specific surface area (228 m<sup>2</sup>/g) and doubled pore volume (1 m<sup>3</sup>/g) from numerous new 9-12 nm wide mesopores as well as significantly improved thermal stability (43% char residue at 500 C vs 9.1% for un-cross-linked aerogel). Cross-linking also made the amphiphilic CNF aerogel highly hydrophobic and capable of completely separating chloroform from water via simple filtration. These nanocellulose aerogels show great promise for efficient and continuous separation of oils and hydrophobic liquids from water.
Design techniques for a CMOS low-power low-voltage fully differential flash analog-to-digital converter (2004)

A CMOS 8-bit, 33.3 MS/s flash ADC with /spl plusmn/1.5 V power supply is developed through the use of a CMOS low-power high-speed fully differential comparator. To achieve good signal-to-(noise and distortion) ratio in the presence of noisy digital circuitry, the architecture of the ADC is fully differential. The differential nonlinearity error in dynamical operation is less than /spl plusmn/0.3 LSB. Signal-to-(noise and distortion) ratio is 46.2 dB at a sampling rate of 33.3 MS/s and input frequency of 4 MHz. The power dissipation is 106 mW at 33.3 MS/s with /spl plusmn/1.5 V power supply.
Functional roles of melatonin in plants, and perspectives in nutritional and agricultural science (2011)

The presence of melatonin in plants is universal. Evidence has confirmed that a major portion of the melatonin is synthesized by plants themselves even though a homologue of the classic arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) has not been identified as yet in plants. Thus, the serotonin N-acetylating enzyme in plants may differ greatly from the animal AANAT with regard to sequence and structure. This would imply multiple evolutionary origins of enzymes with these catalytic properties. A primary function of melatonin in plants is to serve as the first line of defence against internal and environmental oxidative stressors. The much higher melatonin levels in plants compared with those found in animals are thought to be a compensatory response by plants which lack means of mobility, unlike animals, as a means of coping with harsh environments. Importantly, remarkably high melatonin concentrations have been measured in popular beverages (coffee, tea, wine, and beer) and crops (corn, rice, wheat, barley, and oats). Billions of people worldwide consume these products daily. The beneficial effects of melatonin on human health derived from the consumption of these products must be considered. Evidence also indicates that melatonin has an ability to increase the production of crops. The mechanisms may involve the roles of melatonin in preservation of chlorophyll, promotion of photosynthesis, and stimulation of root development. Transgenic plants with enhanced melatonin content could probably lead to breakthroughs to increase crop production in agriculture and to improve the general health of humans.
Effect of Base Monomer's Refractive Index on Curing Depth and Polymerization Conversion of Photo-cured Resin Composites (2005)

In this study, we examined the effect of the transmitted amount of visible light through a resin composite on the curing depth and polymerization conversion. Transmitted amount of visible light was strongly dependent on the magnitude of refractive index difference that existed between the resin and silica filler. More specifically, the differences arose from the type of base monomer used. The transmitted amount of visible light exhibited a good correlation with the curing depth and Knoop hardness ratio of the bottom surface against the top surface of the resin composite. To improve the polymerization conversion of the cavity floor, it is important to reduce the refractive index difference that exists between the base resin and silica filler.
Data converters (1991)

In this chapter, after an initial discussion of the basic static and dynamic parameters which characterise data converters, conventional conversion approaches and specific techniques used in CMOS technology are described. Non-conventional and more advanced solutions are considered in two successive chapters.
Cytoskeletal Derangements Following Central Nervous System Injury: Modulation by Neurotrophic Gene Transfection (1995)

This paper reviews important new evidence indicating that traumatic brain injury can produce more widespread derangements to the neuronal cytoskeleton than previously recognized. Although cytoskeletal derangements in axons have long been documented, recent data suggest that traumatic brain injury can produce structural derangements to dendrites and cell bodies as well. Many of these investigations have employed in vivo models to provide important insights into mechanisms possibly mediating the acute loss of cytoskeletal proteins, including disturbances in calcium homeostasis and activation of calcium-dependent proteolytic enzymes. However, we have little understanding of processes mediating the recovery of cytoskeletal proteins following injury. This paper provides recent evidence from in vitro models of central nervous system injury that neurotrophic proteins can enhance the recovery of the neuronal cytoskeleton. Neurotrophin-based therapy could employ either administration of exogenous neurotrophic proteins and/or transfection of cDNA for appropriate neurotrophins.
Examining the Chirality, Conformation and Selective Kinase Inhibition of 3-((3<i>R</i>,4<i>R</i>)-4-methyl-3-(methyl(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-<i>d</i>]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile (CP-690,550) (2008)

Here, we examine the significance that stereochemistry plays within the clinically relevant Janus kinase 3 (Jak3) inhibitor 1 (CP-690,550). A synthesis of all four enantiopure stereoisomers of the drug was carried out and an examination of each compound revealed that only the enantiopure 3R,4R isomer was capable of blocking Stat5 phosphorylation (Jak3 dependent). Each compound was profiled across a panel of over 350 kinases, which revealed a high level of selectivity for the Jak family kinases for these related compounds. Each stereoisomer retained a degree of binding to Jak3 and Jak2 and the 3R,4S and 3S,4R stereoisomers were further revealed to have binding affinity for selected members of the STE7 and STE20 subfamily of kinases. Finally, an appraisal of the minimum energy conformation of each stereoisomer and molecular docking at Jak3 was performed in an effort to better understand each compounds selectivity and potency profiles.
Point-mass filter and Cramer-Rao bound for terrain-aided navigation (2002)

The nonlinear estimation problem in navigation using terrain height variations is studied. The optimal Bayesian solution to the problem is derived. The implementation is grid based, calculating the probability of a set of points on an adaptively dense mesh. The Cramer-Rao bound is derived. Monte Carlo simulations over a commercial map shows that the algorithm, after convergence, reaches the Cramer-Rao lower bound.
Magnetic Force-Driven Graphene Patterns to Direct Synaptogenesis of Human Neuronal Cells (2017)

Precise control of axonal growth and synaptic junction formation are incredibly important to repair and/or to mimic human neuronal network. Here, we report a graphene oxide (GO)-based hybrid patterns that were proven to be excellent for guiding axonal growth and its consequent synapse formation of human neural cells. Unlike the previous method that utilized micro-contacting printing technique to generate GO patterns, here, GO-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles were first synthesized and utilized as core materials wherein the external magnetic force facilitated the transfer of GO film to the desired substrate. Owing to the intrinsic property of GO that provides stable cell attachment and growth for long-term culture, human neuronal cells could be effectively patterned on the biocompatible polymer substrates with different pattern sizes. By using magnetic force-driven GO hybrid patterns, we demonstrated that accumulation and expression level of Synaptophysin of neurons could be effectively controlled with varying sizes of each pattern. The synaptic network between each neuron could be precisely controlled and matched by guiding axonal direction. This work provides treatment and modeling of brain diseases and spinal cord injuries.
Characterization of the viscoelastic behavior of complex fluids using the piezoelastic axial vibrator (2005)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jérôme J. Crassous, Raphael Régisser, Matthias Ballauff, Norbert Willenbacher; Characterization of the viscoelastic behavior of complex fluids using the piezoelastic axial vibrator. Journal of Rheology 1 July 2005; 49 (4): 851–863. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.1917843 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
XML conceptual modeling with XUML (2006)

As XML has become the standard format for representing structured and semi-structured data on the Web, the methods for designing XML schemas is becoming more and more important. XML schemas represent the logical models of the documents. In order to design or integrate XML schemas, it is necessary to first design the conceptual structures with a proper conceptual model. We thus specify a XML conceptual model, XUML, which has following characteristics comparing with the existing XML conceptual models: 1) expressing the containment semantics more explicitly; 2) supporting the concept of Business Components; 3) specifying the data dependencies in multiple contexts. XUML is defined based on the UML2 standard, so it will be more friendly and practical for those who have had knowledge and experience on UML. Based on XUML, we further present a framework of the methodology which is dedicated to the design of XML documents and XML databases. In this paper, the focus is put on XUML.
Nickel-Catalyzed Cross Couplings of Benzylic Ammonium Salts and Boronic Acids: Stereospecific Formation of Diarylethanes via C–N Bond Activation (2012)

We have developed a nickel-catalyzed cross coupling of benzylic ammonium triflates with aryl boronic acids to afford diarylmethanes and diarylethanes. This reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions and with exceptional functional group tolerance. Further, it transforms branched benzylic ammonium salts to diarylethanes with excellent chirality transfer, offering a new strategy for the synthesis of highly enantioenriched diarylethanes from readily available chiral benzylic amines.
Innate Inflammation Induced by the 8-Oxoguanine DNA Glycosylase-1–KRAS–NF-κB Pathway (2014)

8-Oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1) is the primary enzyme for repairing 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) via the DNA base excision repair pathway (OGG1-BER). Accumulation of 8-oxoG in the genomic DNA leads to genetic instability and carcinogenesis and is thought to contribute to the worsening of various inflammatory and disease processes. However, the disease mechanism is unknown. In this study, we proposed that the mechanistic link between OGG1-BER and proinflammatory gene expression is OGG1's guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity, acquired after interaction with the 8-oxoG base and consequent activation of the small GTPase RAS. To test this hypothesis, we used BALB/c mice expressing or deficient in OGG1 in their airway epithelium and various molecular biological approaches, including active RAS pulldown, reporter and Comet assays, small interfering RNA-mediated depletion of gene expression, quantitative RT-PCR, and immunoblotting. We report that the OGG1-initiated repair of oxidatively damaged DNA is a prerequisite for GDP → GTP exchange, KRAS-GTP-driven signaling via MAP kinases and PI3 kinases and mitogen-stress-related kinase-1 for NF-κB activation, proinflammatory chemokine/cytokine expression, and inflammatory cell recruitment to the airways. Mice deficient in OGG1-BER showed significantly decreased immune responses, whereas a lack of other Nei-like DNA glycosylases (i.e., NEIL1 and NEIL2) had no significant effect. These data unveil a previously unidentified role of OGG1-driven DNA BER in the generation of endogenous signals for inflammation in the innate signaling pathway.