gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microphotonics devices based on silicon microfabrication technology (2005)

This work presents our recent progress in the development of an Si wire waveguiding system for microphotonics devices. The Si wire waveguide promises size reduction and high-density integration of optical circuits due to its strong light confinement. However, large connection and propagation losses had been serious problems. We solved these problems by using a spot-size converter and improving the microfabrication technology. As a result, propagation losses as low as 2.8 dB/cm for a 400/spl times/200 nm waveguide and a coupling loss of 0.5 dB per connection were obtained. As we have the technologies for the fabrication of complex, practical optical devices using Si wire waveguides, we used them to make microphotonics devices, such as a ring resonator and lattice filter. The devices we made exhibit excellent characteristics because of the microfabrication with the precision of a few nanometers. We have also demonstrated that Si wire waveguides have great potential for use in nonlinear optical devices.
Electron Dynamics in Chemically Amplified Resists (2004)

As fabrication dimension has ever shrunk, the understanding of reaction mechanism has become essential for the development of chemically amplified resists. On the exposure to ionizing radiation such as electron beam, most of the radiation energy is deposited on base polymers through ionization processes. The acid generation in chemically amplified electron beam resists involves the radical cations of base polymers and electrons, both of which are generated via the ionization of base polymers. This leads to the spatial separation between protons and counter anions. In this paper, the spatiotemporal dynamics of electrons in chemically amplified resists were investigated using benzene as a model compound of aromatic polymers such as poly(4-hydroxystyrene) and novolak. The separation intrinsic to the reaction mechanism of chemically amplified resists is not negligible in the nanoscale fabrication.
Clinical-scale expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells: a large banking experience (2016)

In conclusion, despite low passage cultures, we have been able to create an allogeneic "off-the-shelf" MSC bank with a large number of frozen aliquots and report here an efficient clinical-grade MSC banking activity in place for more than 7 years. Our challenge now is to produce MSC in compliance with good manufacturing practices (GMP) as, in the meantime, MSC have become considered as advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP). Another significant challenge remains the development of relevant potency assay.
<title>Guided-Wave Acousto-Optics-Fundamentals And Wideband Applications</title> (1978)

The fundamentals of noncollinear coplanar guided-wave acoustooptics and some of the more recent progress on application of the resulting devices are summarized in this paper. First, basic interaction mechanisms, configurations, and key acoustical and optical parameters are discussed. A number of wideband device configurations which employ isotropic/anisotropic Bragg diffractions and multiple surface acoustic waves together with the results obtained using optical waveguides in Y-cut LiNb0<sub>3</sub> substrate are then described. Finally, typical performance figures that have been obtained with applications using the resulting wideband devices, emphasizing those being carried out at the author's institution, including high-resolution light beam deflectors, very high-scanning rate light beam deflectors, spectrum analyzers, convolvers, pulse compressors, and tunable optical filters are given. Further improvements in performance figures as well as implementation of other types of signal processors are possible. These applications constitute some of the attractive ones in future wideband multichannel integrated/fiber optic communication and signal processing systems.
Pharmacologic characterization of the oxytocin receptor in human uterine smooth muscle cells (2000)

[(3)H]-oxytocin was used to characterize the oxytocin receptor found in human uterine smooth muscle cells (USMC). Specific binding of [(3)H]-oxytocin to USMC plasma membranes was dependent upon time, temperature and membrane protein concentration. Scatchard plot analysis of equilibrium binding data revealed the existence of a single class of high-affinity binding sites with an apparent equilibrium dissociation constant (K(d)) of 0.76 nM and a maximum receptor density (B(max)) of 153 fmol mg(-1) protein. The Hill coefficient (n(H)) did not differ significantly from unity, suggesting binding to homogenous, non-interacting receptor populations. Competitive inhibition of [(3)H]-oxytocin binding showed that oxytocin and vasopressin (AVP) receptor agonists and antagonists displaced [(3)H]-oxytocin in a concentration-dependent manner. The order of potencies for peptide agonists and antagonists was: oxytocin>[Asu(1,6)]-oxytocin>AVP= atosiban>d(CH(2))(5)Tyr(Me)AVP>[Thr(4),Gly(7)]-oxytocin>dDAVP, and for nonpeptide antagonists was: L-371257>YM087>SR 49059>OPC-21268>SR 121463A>OPC-31260. Oxytocin significantly induced concentration-dependent increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and hyperplasia in USMC. The oxytocin receptor antagonists, atosiban and L-371257, potently and concentration-dependently inhibited oxytocin-induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase and hyperplasia. In contrast, the V(1A) receptor selective antagonist, SR 49059, and the V(2) receptor selective antagonist, SR 121463A, did not potently inhibit oxytocin-induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase and hyperplasia. The potency order of antagonists in inhibiting oxytocin-induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase and hyperplasia was similar to that observed in radioligand binding assays. In conclusion, these data provide evidence that the high-affinity [(3)H]-oxytocin binding site found in human USMC is a functional oxytocin receptor coupled to [Ca(2+)](i) increase and cell growth. Thus human USMC may prove to be a valuable tool in further investigation of the physiologic and pathophysiologic roles of oxytocin in the uterus. British Journal of Pharmacology (2000) 129, 131 - 139
The Punctiform Technique in Hair Transplantation (2005)

I first presented micrografts for hair restoration surgery in 1982, combining to hide the anterior hairline of the temporo-parieto-occipital (TPO) flaps. Later, in 1986 and 1991 respectively, I introduced megasessions with micrografts and minigrafts. At that point, I created my own surgical routine, introducing a “stick-and-place” method, named the punctiform technique, which was published in several magazines, Congressional annals, and books. Hair-micrografting is a simple, yet refined, technique that requires three assistants and lasts 2 to 3 hours; the result is a natural-looking transplant with small incidence of risk or postoperative complications.
On cost-aware monitoring for self-adaptive load sharing (2010)

Monitoring is an essential part of any self-adaptive management loop. While providing the necessary information for making management decisions, monitoring itself incurs a cost in terms of the system and network resources committed to this management task. Thus, one can pose a generic question: what is the right amount of monitoring that maximizes its utility for management? This question turns out to be difficult to answer in general. In this paper we focus on quantifying the utility of monitoring for self-adaptive load sharing, where a stream of jobs arrives at a collection of n identical servers. We propose a novel model, that we dubbed an Extended Supermarket Model (ESM) to study the tradeoff between the usefulness of the monitoring information and the cost of obtaining it. We show that for each service request rate, there exists an optimal number of servers that should be monitored to obtain minimal average service time at an optimal cost. Using these findings, we present self-adaptive load-sharing algorithms both for centralized and fully distributed settings and evaluate these algorithms using simulations and a real testbed. Our results show that in realistic scenarios, where monitoring cost is not negligible, the self-adaptive load balancing is clearly superior to any cost-oblivious load-sharing mechanisms. We also demonstrate that in a fully distributed setting, where no dedicated monitoring component is employed, our self-adaptive heuristics perform very well with respect to the current common practice.
Rett Syndrome: Coming to Terms with Treatment (2014)

Rett syndrome (RTT) has experienced remarkable progress over the past three decades since emerging as a disorder of worldwide proportions, particularly with discovery of the linkage of RTT to MECP2 mutations. The advances in clinical research and the increasing pace of basic science investigations have accelerated the pattern of discovery and understanding. Clinical trials are ongoing and others are planned. A review of these events and the prospects for continued success are highlighted below. The girls and women encountered today with RTT are, overall, in better general, neurologic, and behavioral health than those encountered earlier. This represents important progress worldwide from the concerted efforts of a broadly based and diverse clinical and basic research consortium as well as the efforts of parents, family, and friends.
Levodopa in Parkinson’s Disease: Current Status and Future Developments (2017)

New LD formulations, oral compounds as well as routes have been tested in the last years, with two main targets: achieve continuous dopaminergic stimulation and find an instant deliver route for LD.
Memory, delusions, and the development of acute posttraumatic stress disorder-related symptoms after intensive care (2001)

We propose that the development of acute PTSD-related symptoms may be related more to recall of delusions alone. This study suggests that even relatively unpleasant memories for real events during critical illness may give some protection from anxiety and the later development of PTSD-related symptoms when memories of delusions are prominent.
B Cell Repertoire Diversity and Clonal Expansion in Multiple Sclerosis Brain Lesions (1999)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions in the CNS are characterized by disseminated demyelination with perivascular infiltrates of macrophages, T cells, and B cells. To investigate the origin and characteristics of the B cell population found in MS plaque tissue, we performed molecular studies in 10 MS patients and 4 non-MS control samples. Ig transcripts from the perivascular infiltrated brain lesions were analyzed by complementary-determining region 3 spectratyping to ascertain the B cell heavy chain gene rearrangement repertoire expressed in MS brains. Significant rearrangement diversity and deviation from the normal Ig heavy (H) chain repertoire was observed. The cloning and sequencing of RT-PCR products from families VH1 and VH4 showed a correlation with the profiles obtained by spectratyping. Generally, restricted spectratyping patterns concurred with repetition of in-frame complementary-determining region 3 identical sequences. The analysis of heavy chain variable (VH), diversity (D), and joining (JH) gene segments revealed the increased usage of VH1-69, VH4-34, and VH4-39. Similarly, gene segments from families D2, D3, and JH4 were over-represented. The presence of restricted patterns of rearranged Ig mRNA within the plaque lesion suggests that Ab production in the demyelinating plaque is a local phenomenon and supports the idea that in MS an Ag-driven immune response might be responsible for demyelination.
Reduction of Tumorigenicity of Cigarette Smoke (1965)

A study of different types of cigarettes has demonstrated that the tumorigenic activity of cigarette smoke condensate for the experimental animal can be significantly reduced through practical means. It has been shown that a combination of modifications in the makeup of cigarettes, with respect to reduction of total smoke condensate yield, selective reduction of tumorigenic agents, and selective reduction of ciliotoxic agents, can significantly lower the tumorigenic as well as the ciliotoxic activity of cigarette smoke condensate established to a variety of animals and animal tissue. It has been stressed that long-term epidemiologic studies on man are necessary to determine the effect of these changes on the development of those types of cancer considered to be associated with cigarette smoking.
OPTICAL SWITCHES WITH A SUBSTRATE-MODE GRATING STRUCTURE (1994)

Polarization-selective substrate-mode grating pairs have been designed and fabricated. Based on these devices, we propose the structures of optical switches for two-sided network and one-sided network applications, respectively. These compact and light-weight optical switches with normally incident and output coupling provide better flexibility and easier alignment for system applications
Intrinsic Image Decomposition Using a Sparse Representation of Reflectance (2013)

Intrinsic image decomposition is an important problem that targets the recovery of shading and reflectance components from a single image. While this is an ill-posed problem on its own, we propose a novel approach for intrinsic image decomposition using reflectance sparsity priors that we have developed. Our sparse representation of reflectance is based on a simple observation: Neighboring pixels with similar chromaticities usually have the same reflectance. We formalize and apply this sparsity constraint on local reflectance to construct a data-driven second-generation wavelet representation. We show that the reflectance component of natural images is sparse in this representation. We further propose and formulate a global sparse constraint on reflectance colors using the assumption that each natural image uses a small set of material colors. Using this sparse reflectance representation and the global constraint on a sparse set of reflectance colors, we formulate a constrained l₁-norm minimization problem for intrinsic image decomposition that can be solved efficiently. Our algorithm can successfully extract intrinsic images from a single image without using color models or any user interaction. Experimental results on a variety of images demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
Growth, Adipose, Brain, and Skin Alterations Resulting from Targeted Disruption of the Mouse Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor β(δ) (2000)

To determine the physiological roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta (PPARbeta), null mice were constructed by targeted disruption of the ligand binding domain of the murine PPARbeta gene. Homozygous PPARbeta-null term fetuses were smaller than controls, and this phenotype persisted postnatally. Gonadal adipose stores were smaller, and constitutive mRNA levels of CD36 were higher, in PPARbeta-null mice than in controls. In the brain, myelination of the corpus callosum was altered in PPARbeta-null mice. PPARbeta was not required for induction of mRNAs involved in epidermal differentiation induced by O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). The hyperplastic response observed in the epidermis after TPA application was significantly greater in the PPARbeta-null mice than in controls. Inflammation induced by TPA in the skin was lower in wild-type mice fed sulindac than in similarly treated PPARbeta-null mice. These results are the first to provide in vivo evidence of significant roles for PPARbeta in development, myelination of the corpus callosum, lipid metabolism, and epidermal cell proliferation.
Speaker adaptation techniques for speech recognition using probabilistic models (2005)

Abstract In speech recognition, speaker adaptation refers to the range of techniques whereby a speech recognition system is adapted to the acoustic features of a specific user using a small sample of utterances from that user. In recent years the practical development of speaker‐independent speech recognition systems using continuous density hidden Markov models has seen significant progress; however, the recognition performance of these systems has not yet reached that of speaker‐dependent speech recognition systems in which a user's speech is registered beforehand. Much hope has therefore been placed on the establishment of speaker adaptation techniques that can bring performance of a speaker‐independent system up to that of a speaker‐dependent one using the smallest amounts of data. In this paper we present a survey of previous research into speaker adaptation techniques focusing particularly on three important approaches in this area: maximum a posteriori (MAP) parameter estimation, maximum likelihood linear regression (MLLR), and eigenvoices. We also discuss approaches that combine these techniques in a lateral fashion. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 88(12): 25–42, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/ ecjc.20207
Green fluorescent nanodiamond conjugates and their possible applications for biosensing (2010)

Various nanoparticles play a prominent role in modern biosciences and medicine. Especially fluorescent cellular biomarkers are a prospective material for diagnostics and therapy. Nevertheless, most of the available biomarkers have some drawbacks due to either physical and optical or cytotoxic properties. Here we investigated the potential of green fluorescent nanodiamonds as extra- and intracellular biomarkers for living cells. We characterized the structure of the used detonation synthesized nanodiamonds (DND) by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the optical properties by fluorescence and infrared spectroscopy. For the extracellular attachment the nanodiamonds were functionalized by attaching antibodies that target extracellular structures such as membrane. Transfections were mediated by dendrimers, cationic liposomes and protamine sulfate. Using fluorescence microscopy, we confirmed successful extracellular binding on and transfection of the nanodiamonds into prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, nanodiamonds can be targeted selectively to intracellular structures. Therefore, nanodiamonds are a promising tool for biosensing.
Characterization of graphene-based nano-antennas in the terahertz band (2012)

Graphene-enabled wireless communications constitute a novel paradigm which has been proposed to implement wireless communications at the nanoscale. Indeed, graphene-based nano-antennas just a few micrometers in size have been predicted to radiate electromagnetic waves at the terahertz band. In this work, the performance of a graphene-based nano-patch antenna in transmission and reception is numerically analyzed. The resonance frequency of the nano-antenna is calculated as a function of its length and width, both analytically and by simulation. The influence of a dielectric substrate with a variable size, and the position of the patch with respect to the substrate is also evaluated. Finally, the radiation pattern of a graphene-based nano-patch antenna is compared to that of an equivalent metallic antenna. These results will prove useful for designers of future graphene-based nano-antennas, which will enable wireless communications at the nanoscale.
Endosperm Mucilages of Legumes (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEndosperm Mucilages of LegumesErnest AndersonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1949, 41, 12, 2887–2890Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50480a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50480a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views280Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The Reel Pipelay Ship - A New Concept (1975)

ABSTRACT To insure economic success, technological development must blaze the trail of any undertaking in the field of offshore oil production. In order to meet the requirements and challenges of pipelaying in deep and rough waters, the team who designed, constructed, and is successfully operating the world's first and only column-stabilized lay barges, have concentrated a massive effort to design the Reel Ship - a new concept, which is presented in this paper. Following a discussion of the application, advantages and special features of the ship the paper describes the details of the Reel Ship system pipe lay operation. Following that, the paper presents the design criteria and features of the vessel, and, finally, a description of the various components of the pipe-handling equipment and the design procedures which led to their selection. The Reel Ship described herein is an engineering breakthrough which, without a doubt, will have a significant impact on future offshore development and production operations. INTRODUCTION 1. General Analysis of the requirements of the Offshore Oil Industry revealed the following general trends: (Available In Full Paper) Operational and economic analyses of the above trends led Santa Fe Engineering and Construction Co. to the development of the Reel Pipe-lay Ship discussed in this presentation. The engineering effort for the design of the ship and its systems was undertaken by Santa Fe Engineering Services Co. in late 1973. Utilizing the experience and know how acquired by the Company in pipe laying in rough sea conditions as well as operating the world's only reel pipe-lay barges. Santa Fe Engineering Services Co. designed the ship and is currently negotiating a contract for its construction. The design and preparation of the pipe- handling system and the final bid package preparation was the result of a massive effort by Santa Fe engineers, aided by number of subcontractor engineering firms. 2. Advantages of the Reel Ship The primary advantage of the Reel Ship is attributed to the speed with which the pipe can be discharged at sea. This is due to the patented technique of straightening the pipe during unspooling and discharging operations. Another unique advantage of the Reel Ship is the welding of the pipe into continuous strings onshore, the x-ray examination and the corrosion protective coating applied irrespective of sea conditions and space constraints experienced by conventional barges. The Reel Ship also has an advantage in being able to discharge pipe in very deep waters where it is extremely difficult or impossible for conventional welding barges to operate. This advantage stems from the peculiar geometry of the ship which allows the pipe to enter the water at very steep angles (up to 50°)while conventional barges are limited to about a 15 entry angle. This also allows the Reel Ship to work without a stinger, which is required by conventional barges.