gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrolysis of .alpha.,.alpha.-dimethoxydihydromenthofuran (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrolysis of .alpha.,.alpha.-dimethoxydihydromenthofuranJerry A. Hirsch and Richard H. EastmanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 9, 2915–2916Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01284a067https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01284a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views84Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Spatial Occupancy of Vessels and Facial Nerve in the Facial Canal (1982)

The vascularity and spatial relationships of the content of the labyrinthine portion of the facial canal were studied by measuring the diameters of arteries, the areas of the arteries, veins, facial nerve, and canal; and by expressing these areas as percentage of the areas of the facial canal facial nerve. These results were compared for each of these segments of the facial canal. Using temporal bone sections which contained transverse or oblique sections of the three representative (labyrinthine, tympanic , and mastoid) portions of the facial canal, the size of the largest artery, and the area of the sectioned vessels, facial nerve, and facial canal were measured. Relative values of measured areas were calculated as an index of spatial occupancy of vessels and facial nerve in the canal. By comparing these results in three portions, we could demonstrate that, in the labyrinthine portion, the internal diameter of the main artery was less than four tenths of the diameter of the arteries in the other portions, and that the ratio of spatial occupancy of the vessels to the canal and to the nerve in the labyrinthine portion was extremely small compared with that in the other two portions. We also found that the labyrinthine and tympanic portions of the canal have less extra space for the nerve than does the mastoid portion. Considering both the vascularity of the three portions of the facial canal, and the spatial relationships of elements in the canal in each of the three segments of the canal, we feel that the facial nerve in the labyrinthine portion of the facial canal is indeed anatomically the most vulnerable portion of the nerve in its course through the temporal bone.
A Performance Isolation Analysis of Disk-Intensive Workloads on Container-Based Clouds (2015)

The popularity of Cloud computing due to the increasing number of customers has led Cloud providers to adopt resource-sharing solutions to meet growing demand for infrastructure resources. As the adoption of resource-sharing/consolidation in Cloud computing became arguably a well-established solution, the ability the underlying virtualization systems of preventing performance interferences from customers must also be understood. Virtualization systems based on containers, such as LXC, are the basis of the next-generation of Cloud computing and have become the most popular solution under PaaS/IaaS Cloud platforms with the rise of Docker -- an open platform for developers and sysadmins to build, ship, and run distributed applications. Such platforms have enticed many attentions globally, since they leverage container-based virtualization systems to offer high scalability while low performance overheads, the performance might be solely aggravated if the customers' workloads are consolidated onto the same hardware and the isolation layer does not properly isolate the shared resources. Performance isolation is an inherent concern of such systems due to the nature as they are conceived and is still an unexplored and open research topic, the consequences might influence in the adoption under shared Cloud computing platforms where Quality-of-Service is a crucial factor that cannot be disregarded. In this paper we analyze the performance interference suffered by disk-intensive workloads within very noisy-perturbed containers (different hardware components stressed). Our results show workload combinations whose performance degradation goes up to 38%, but in contrast we expose a workload-balanced scenario wherein the performance does not suffer any interference.
Human platelets release a paf‐acether: Acetylhydrolase similar to that in plasma (1993)

Intact washed human platelets aggregated in response to paf-acether (paf) and did not metabolize [3H]paf at concentrations up to 10 nM. However, when platelets were lysed by exposure to pH 9.5, resulting in 37.5 +/- 2.5% (mean +/- SD, n = 3) lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release, 20.5 +/- 5.7% of the radioactivity was detected as labeled lyso paf and 5.7 +/- 3.1% as labeled alkylacylglycerophosphocholine. When platelets were aggregated with 0.5 IU/mL thrombin or high concentrations of paf (100 nM), they released a part of their acetylhydrolase without releasing LDH. In supernatants obtained from aggregated platelets, 21 +/- 2% or 10 +/- 2% (n = 3), respectively, of the total platelet acetylhydrolase activity was detected vs. none in supernatants of resting cells. The release of acetylhydrolase was concentration- and time-dependent and paralleled the release of PF 4, a marker for alpha-granules. The acetylhydrolase affinity for paf (Km) measured in sonicates of resting and thrombin-activated platelets was 8.3 +/- 1.5 microM vs. 10.6 +/- 1.5 microM, n = 5, n.s. in a "Mann Whitney" test. The latter Km was slightly but significantly different (P < 0.05, n = 5) from that of the thrombin-released acetylhydrolase (7.9 +/- 1.5 microM) and that of the latter was itself different from plasma acetylhydrolase (5.3 +/- 0.5, P < 0.05, n = 5). Addition of plasma (acid-treated to inactivate acetylhydrolase) decreased the Km value of supernatant acetylhydrolase to 6.1 +/- 1.4 microM. All preparations of acetylhydrolase exhibited similar pH requirements and sensitivity to various inhibitors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Research of transparent films for RF electromagnetic shielding (2005)

The interest in the development of lightweight transparent electromagnetic shields for the RF range has been growing in recent years. Application of thin films is wide and attractive. Nanotechnology is introduced and makes it possible for transparent metal to appear. A complete study of transparent metal is performed, from design to fabrication. Finally some recent experimental results are summarized and analyzed.
Reduction of the azo food dyes FD and C Red 2 (Amaranth) and FD and C Red 40 by thermally degraded D-fructose and D-glucose (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of the azo food dyes FD and C Red 2 (Amaranth) and FD and C Red 40 by thermally degraded D-fructose and D-glucoseKenneth D. RossCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1975, 23, 3, 475–478Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60199a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60199a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views355Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Loudness-Based Level Correction of Audio Entertainment Signals in Automotive Environments (2012)

Information and entertainment signals presented through a vehicle's sound system are superposed by environmental noises. Consequently, a mixture of dynamically changing audio signals and dynamically changing noises is received by the listener's ears in the car cabin. In addition to this variant character of signal-to-noise ratio - making audibility and speech intelligibility extremely difficult - today's vehicle infotainment systems offer the capability to reproduce a wide variety of entertainment signal sources. As a result, signals fed to the infotainment-system through the air, by cable, or by data storage media feature wide ranges of input levels and dynamic compressions. Additionally, human perception of loudness is not linearly dependent on level. Elaborate methods are necessary for comfortable listening in cars, ensuring no need of continuous re-adjusting of volume settings. This paper presents an approach to solve these issues by dynamical alignment of sound sig nals to an average loudness, depending on surrounding noises and input audio signal loudness. The method guarantees all audio signals being presented within a loudness corridor while preserving the dynamics of music. Only gain is adjusted, since signal analysis and alignment is done in full band processing. As a result no spectral coloration or dynamic compression artefacts are generated by the algorithm; a computationally cheap implementation was realized, as also depicted in [1] and [2]. This work was performed at the department "Center of Competence Multimedia", Harman/Becker Automotive Systems, Karlsbad, Germany. Â© VDE VERLAG GMBH â¢ Berlin â¢ Offenbach.
Study of <i>MECP2</i> gene in Rett syndrome variants and autistic girls (2003)

Mutations in MECP2 gene account for approximately 80% of cases of Rett syndrome (RTT), an X-linked severe developmental disorder affecting young girls, as well as for most cases of Preserved Speech Variant (PSV), a mild RTT variant in which autistic behavior is common. The aim of this study is to determine whether MECP2 mutations are responsible for PSV only or may cause other forms of autistic disorders. We screened for mutations by SSCP 19 girls with a clinical diagnosis of autism, two of them fulfilling the PSV criteria. A pathogenic mutation was found only in the latter two cases (R133C and R453X). A long follow-up of these two girls revealed a unique clinical course. They initially developed the first three stages of RTT, they were severely retarded and had autistic behavior. Over the years their abilities increased progressively and by early adolescence they lost autistic behavior, becoming adequately accustomed to people and reaching an IQ close to 45. These results confirm previous clinical studies suggesting that a wide spectrum of RTT exists including girls with mental abilities considerably higher than in classic RTT. We conclude that MECP2 mutations (missense or late truncating) can be found in girls with an IQ close to 45 and a clinical history of PSV of Rett syndrome. Furthermore, MECP2 mutations are not found in patients in which autism remains stable over the years.
Intensity Sensitive Modulation Effect of Theta Burst Form of Median Nerve Stimulation on the Monosynaptic Spinal Reflex (2015)

The effects of electrical stimulation of median nerve with a continuous theta burst pattern (EcTBS) on the spinal H-reflex were studied. Different intensities and durations of EcTBS were given to the median nerve to 11 healthy individuals. The amplitude ratio of the H-reflex to maximum M wave (H/M ratio), corticospinal excitability and inhibition measured using motor evoked potentials (MEPs), short-interval intracortical inhibition and facilitation (SICI/ICF), spinal reciprocal inhibition (RI), and postactivation depression (PAD) were measured before and after EcTBS. In result, the H/M ratio was reduced followed by EcTBS at 90% H-reflex threshold, and the effect lasted longer after 1200 pulses than after 600 pulses of EcTBS. In contrast, EcTBS at 110% threshold facilitated the H/M ratio, while at 80% threshold it had no effect. Maximum M wave, MEPs, SICI/ICF, RI, and PAD all remained unchanged after EcTBS. In conclusion, EcTBS produced lasting effects purely on the H-reflex, probably, through effects on postsynaptic plasticity. The effect of EcTBS depends on the intensity and duration of stimulation. EcTBS is beneficial to research on mechanisms of human plasticity. Moreover, its ability to modulate spinal excitability is expected to have therapeutic benefits on neurological disorders involving spinal cord dysfunction.
Capsule depolymerase overexpression reduces Bacillus anthracis virulence (2010)

Capsule depolymerase (CapD) is a gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and a product of the Bacillus anthracis capsule biosynthesis operon. In this study, we examined the effect of modulating capD expression on B. anthracis capsule phenotype, interaction with phagocytic cells and virulence in guinea pigs. Transcriptional fusions of capD were made to the genes encoding heat-shock protein 60 (hsp60) and elongation factor Tu (EFTu), and to capA, a B. anthracis capsule biosynthesis gene. Translation signals were altered to improve expression of capD, including replacing the putative ribosome-binding site with a consensus sequence and the TTG start codon with ATG. CapD was not detected by immunoblotting in lysates from wild-type B. anthracis Ames but was detected in strains engineered with a consensus ribosome-binding site for capD. Strains overexpressing capD at amounts detected by immunoblotting were found to have less surface-associated capsule and released primarily lower-molecular-mass capsule into culture supernatants. Overexpression of capD increased susceptibility to neutrophil phagocytic killing and adherence to macrophages and resulted in reduced fitness in a guinea pig model of infection. These data suggest that B. anthracis may have evolved weak capD expression resulting in optimized capsule-mediated virulence.
A high-frequency electrospray driven by gas volume charges (2005)

High-frequency (&gt;10kHz) ac electrospray is shown to eject volatile dielectric liquid drops by an entirely different mechanism from dc sprays. The steady dc Taylor conic tip is absent and continuous spraying of submicron drops is replaced by individual dynamic pinchoff events involving the entire drop. We attribute this spraying mechanism to a normal Maxwell force produced by an undispersed plasma cloud in front of the meniscus that produces a visible glow at the spherical tip. The volume charge within the cloud is formed by electron-induced gas ionization of the evaporated liquid and produces a large normal field that is much higher than the nominal applied field such that drop ejection occurs at a voltage (at high frequencies) that is as much as ten times lower than that for dc sprays. The ejection force is sensitive to the liquid properties (but not its electrolyte composition), the ac frequency and trace amounts of inert gases, which are believed to catalyze the ionization reactions. As electroneutral drops are ejected, due to the large (&gt;100) ratio between individual drop ejection time and the ac frequency, this mechanism can produce large (microns) electroneutral drops at relatively low voltages.
Epidemiological assessment of diet: a comparison of a 7-day diary with a food frequency questionnaire using urinary markers of nitrogen, potassium and sodium (2001)

The regression dilution with the FFQ is considerably greater than with the 7DD and also, for the nutrients considered, greater than would be inferred if validation studies were based solely on record or diary type instruments.
Immunogenicity of a recombinant fusion protein of tandem repeat epitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus type Asia 1 for guinea pigs. (2002)

In this study, the sequences of capsid protein VPI regions of YNAs1.1 and YNAs1.2 isolates of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) were analyzed and a peptide containing amino acids (aa) 133-158 of VP1 and aa 20-34 of VP4 of FMDV type Asia I was assumed to contain B and T cell epitopes, because it is hypervariable and includes a cell attachment site RGD located in the G-H loop. The DNA fragments encoding aa 133-158 of VP1 and aa 20-34 of VP4 of FMDV type Asia 1 were chemically synthesized and ligated into a tandem repeat of aa 133-158-20 approximately 34-133-158. In order to enhance its immunogenicity, the tandem repeat was inserted downstream of the beta-galactosidase gene in the expression vector pWR590. This insertion yielded a recombinant expression vector pAS1 encoding the fusion protein. The latter reacted with sera from FMDV type Asia 1-infected animals in vitro and elicited high levels of neutralizing antibodies in guinea pigs. The T cell proliferation in immunized animals increased following stimulation with the fusion protein. It is reported for the first time that a recombinant fusion protein vaccine was produced using B and T cell epitopes of FMDV type Asia 1 and that this fusion protein was immunogenic. The fusion protein reported here can serve as a candidate of fusion epitopes for design of a vaccine against FMDV type Asia 1.
Evolution of PKI ecosystem (2017)

Technologies get introduced, adapted and fade away after their time. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) got introduced as a technology for establishing trust over an insecure electronic medium, but over a time span of 20+ years, it has evolved as a reliable and de-facto ecosystem for establishing trust-worthy systems. The components that makeup the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) ecosystem today, their strengths and weaknesses, and the emerging technology trends are discussed.
Strategic impact of broadband telecommunications in insurance, publishing, and health care (1992)

The business environment of the insurance, publishing, and health care industries is described, and key points to their operations where broadband telecommunications can play a role are identified. Broadband applications are analyzed as to whether they provide both an operational and strategic benefit to innovating organizations in each of the three industries. The following impacts of broadband are identified: fast, efficient, and differentiated service to customers, reduced costs, targeted marketing, and market expansion. The traffic characteristics of the applications in terms of bandwidth and business are analyzed and shown to map on to the rollout of North American public network services by first implementing the less bursty, lower bandwidth applications requiring the interconnections of a small number of sites, and later those involving more bursty, higher bandwidth traffic and more numerous sites.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Survey and analysis of disk scheduling methods (2011)

Performance of many important computer applications depends on the performance of Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) . Disk capacities and transfer rates have been increasing rapidly, but the improvement in disk access time is disappointingly slow. Caching and prefetching are two method to alleviate this delay, which is 6-7 orders of magnitude longer than the processor cycle time. Disk scheduling is desirable when the data is not cached and a disk access is required. This paper is concerned with the analysis of two disk arm scheduling methods: SATF (shortest access time first) which outperforms SCAN, while both methods outperform FCFS scheduling. We propose improvements to a recent analysis of the SCAN policy and carry out an empirical investigation of SATF performance to derive a relationship between the queue-length and mean service time. A review of variations of SCAN and SATF is provided, since they have been utilized in conjunction with multilevel disk scheduling methods. We also discuss recent developments to improve the performance of high capacity HDDs, which allow multiple tracks to be accessed without incurring seeks.
Sporopollenin capsules at fluid interfaces: particle-stabilised emulsions and liquid marbles (2011)

Hollow particles of sporopollenin from spores of the plant Lycopodium clavatum have been prepared. These particles possess ionisable groups on their surface such that they become increasingly negatively charged with an increase in pH. The particles adsorb to both air–water and oil–water interfaces, stabilising liquid marbles and emulsions respectively. Water marbles can be formed at all pH values between 2 and 10 and for salt concentrations up to 1 M NaCl. Their stability to evaporation is greater than the equivalent bare water drop. Deformation and buckling of the marbles occur as water is lost due to the solid-like nature of the liquid surface. Transitional phase inversion of emulsions occurs from water-in-oil to oil-in-water with increasing pH, with that corresponding to inversion depending on the oil type. Emulsion drops of millimetre size are stable to coalescence due to a close packed layer of particles at their surfaces.
The Making of the Russian Intelligentsia (1990)

When the Bolsheviks came to power in October 1917 their aim was not simply to reform the old regime or institute a new political and social order. Their ultimate goal was to reshape human nature, or, more precisely, to release it from the pressures that were distorting it. Freed from the tyranny of the ruling class and its enslaving fetish of private property, people would begin to live, for the first time, free and integrated lives. The revolution would bring to an end what Marx had called, referring to all that had happened until then, the pre-history of human society.1 Like many of the deeper purposes of the Bolsheviks, this aim was not widely known at the time of the revolution and had attracted serious attention from only a handful of party activists. None the less, it was a real dimension of the revolution and was, even for those who paid little attention to it, the unexamined matrix into which the actual revolution had to be fitted.
Parental medication use and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2002)

The findings of this study suggest that certain parental medication use immediately before and during the index pregnancy may influence risk of ALL in offspring.
A continuous-flow trace vapour source (1976)

A continuous mode device for generating mixtures of air and the vapour of a high boiling-point substance is described. Such a device is useful for calibration purposes in vapour trace detection work. Two streams of air, one containing the vapour and a second one diluting it, are mixed in an adjustable ratio so that low-level concentrations of the vapour in an air stream can be obtained. Concentrations can be kept constant over a wide range extending to the sub-PPB region. The vapour source has been used to generate the vapours of various explosives and pesticides; the results for ethylene glycol dinitrate, dinitrotoluene and fenitrothion are presented in this paper.