gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative Effects of Phosphoenolpyruvate, a Glycolytic Intermediate, as an Organ Preservation Agent with Glucose and N-Acetylcysteine against Organ Damage during Cold Storage of Mouse Liver and Kidney (2013)

We evaluated the usefulness of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), a glycolytic intermediate with antioxidative and energy supplementation potentials, as an organ preservation agent. Using ex vivo mouse liver and kidney of a static cold storage model, we compared the effects of PEP against organ damage and oxidative stress during cold preservation with those of glucose or N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, histological changes, and oxidative stress parameters (measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and glutathione content) were determined. PEP (100 mM) significantly prevented an increase in LDH leakage, histological changes, such as tubulonecrosis and vacuolization, and changes in oxidative stress parameters during 72 h of cold preservation in mouse liver. Although glucose (100 mM) partly prevented LDH leakage and histological changes, no effects against oxidative stress were observed. By contrast, NAC inhibited oxidative stress in the liver and did not prevent LDH leakage or histological changes. PEP also significantly prevented kidney damage during cold preservation in a dose-dependent manner, and the protective effects were superior to those of glucose and NAC. We suggest that PEP, a functional carbohydrate with organ protective and antioxidative activities, may be useful as an organ preservation agent in clinical transplantation.
A Novel Approach to Transplanting Bone Marrow Stem Cells to Repair Human Myocardial Infarction: Delivery via a Noninfarct‐relative Artery (2010)

Bone marrow stem cells are able to repair infarcted human myocardium following intracoronary transplantation via the infarct-relative artery. However, traditional reperfusion strategies fail to open the artery in some patients, making effective delivery impossible. Our previous study demonstrated a safe and efficient approach to delivering bone marrow stem cells via a noninfarcted artery in an animal myocardial infarction model. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation via such an approach in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Sixteen patients with anterior AMI who had successfully undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were enrolled in this pilot, randomized study. Three weeks after PCI, cultured bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were injected into the myocardium via either the infarct-relative artery (left anterior descending branch artery, LAD) or a noninfarct-relative artery (right coronary artery, RCA). The safety and feasibility of the cell infusion were evaluated during the procedure and during 6 months of follow-up. In addition, 2D echocardiography, technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) and 18F-deoxyglucose single photon emission computed tomography were employed to examine cardiac function, myocardial perfusion, and viable cardiomyocytes, respectively, at day 4 after PCI and 6 months after the cell infusion. There were no arrhythmia and any other side-effects, including infections, allergic reactions or adverse clinical events, during, immediately after, or 6 months after cell transplantation. Cardiac function and myocardial perfusion had improved 6 months after PCI/bone marrow stem cells transplantation. Viable cardiomyocytes metabolism was detected in the infarcted areas in both groups after the cell infusion, as demonstrated by 18F-deoxyglucose. Intracoronary infusion of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via a noninfarct-relative artery appears safe and feasible in the treatment of patients with AMI.
Ferric oxide nanoparticles decorated carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers: From synthesis to enhanced removal of phenol (2015)

In this work, ferric oxide nanoparticle decorated carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes (CNF/Fe2O3 and CNT/Fe2O3) were synthesized and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), zeta potential and BET surface area analyzer. The prepared nanocomposites were evaluated or the removal of phenol ions from aqueous solution. The effects of experimental parameters, such as shaking speed, pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage and initial concentration, were evaluated for the phenol removal efficiency. The adsorption experimental data were represented by both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The Langmuir isotherm model best fitted the data on the adsorption of phenol, with a high correlation coefficient. The adsorption capacities, as determined by the Langmuir isotherm model were 0.842, 1.098, 1.684 and 2.778 mg/g for raw CNFs, raw CNTs, CNF–Fe2O3 and CNT–Fe2O3, respectively.
Interfacial Microbial Mats and Biofilms (2001)

Abstract Biofilms and microbial mats can be defined as surface-associated layers of microbial cells embedded in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS; Characklis and Marshall, 1989; Stal and Caumette, 1994). Biofilms cover solid surfaces, while mats cover sediments. Biofilms range from a few cell layers to a maximum of a few mmillimeters in thickness, and microbial mats range from &lt;1 mm to several centimeters in thickness. Furthermore, most microbial mats are characterized by high population densities of photoautotrophic microorganisms that act as primary producers in the top millimeters and build up the mat matrix, while many biofilms are heterotrophic and rely on substrate supply from the surface or the surrounding water. Despite these fundamental differences, biofilms and microbial mats share many characteristics, and both represent communities with complex strategies for microbial life at surfaces where steep gradients of physicochemical variables are found (chapters 8 and 14).
Pathogenicity, Transmissibility, and Tissue Distribution of Avian Pneumovirus in Turkey Poults (2002)

The pathogenicity, transmissibility, tissue distribution, and persistence of avian pneumovirus (APV) in turkey poults were investigated in three experiments. In the first experiment, we inoculated 2-wk-old commercial turkey poults oculonasally with APV alone or in combination with Bordetella avium. In the dually infected group, clinical signs were more severe, the virus persisted longer, the bacteria invaded more respiratory tissues, and the birds had higher antibody titer than the group exposed to APV or B. avium alone. In the second experiment, we studied the distribution of APV in different tissues in experimentally inoculated 2-wk-old commercial turkey poults. Only samples from sinuses, tracheas, and lungs were positive for APV by both reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and virus isolation. In the third experiment, we studied the ability of APV to spread among birds in 1-wk-old commercial turkey poults inoculated oculonasally. The virus was isolated and the viral RNA was detected in the inoculated and direct contact birds. The virus was not isolated, viral RNA was not detected, and no antibodies were detected in the indirect contact birds. These birds were placed in different cages in the same room where the airflow was directed from the infected toward the uninfected indirect contact group.
Phase I dose de-escalation trial of alpha-difluoromethylornithine in patients with grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. (1998)

alpha-Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) is a suicide inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase and potent antiproliferative chemopreventive agent. We conducted a dose de-escalation Phase I trial of DFMO in patients with grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia to determine an optimal dose of DFMO using ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamine modulation as surrogate biomarkers and to evaluate its toxicity. Thirty patients with biopsy-confirmed grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were assigned sequentially to one of five DFMO doses (1.000, 0.500, 0.250, 0.125, or 0.060 g/m2) given daily for 31 days. One patient was excluded from analysis for protocol violation. Polyamine levels were assessed in cervical tissue, plasma, and RBCs. Tissue and blood samples were obtained before and after treatment with DFMO. All patients underwent loop excision of the cervix at the end of the study for complete histological evaluation and definitive treatment of the premalignant condition. No major clinical toxicity was observed at any DFMO dose. A reduction in tissue spermidine to spermine (SPD:SPM) ratio and an increase in plasma arginine levels were observed among patients receiving 1.000 g/m2/day (P < 0.05). A nonsignificant reduction in SPD:SPM ratio was also observed in the 0.500 g/m2/day dose group, and a nonsignificant increase in plasma arginine level was observed down to the 0.125 g/m2/day dose level. There was no evidence of modulation of other polyamines or precursors. Fifteen patients experienced a complete (5 patients) or partial (10 patients) histological response. In conclusion, DFMO was well tolerated and significantly modulated tissue SPD:SPM ratio and plasma arginine level at the dose of 1.000 g/m2/day. To clarify whether DFMO has activity at lower doses, these results will be tested in a three-armed double-blinded Phase II study using placebo and DFMO doses of 0.500 and 0.125 g/m2/day.
Stilbene compounds: from the grapevine to wine. (1999)

Stilbenes are natural compounds occurring in a number of plant families, including Vitaceae and (within this family) Vitis vinifera L., which is the most important species grown worldwide for grape and wine production. Stilbenes (resveratrol and viniferins) are present in grapevine as constitutive compounds of the woody organs (roots, canes, stems) and as induced substances (in leaves and fruit) acting as phytoalexins in the mechanisms of grape resistance against certain pathogens. Resveratrol (3, 5, 4'-trihydroxystilbene) was also detected in wine and it was thought to be the active principle of red wines that were shown to reduce heart diseases. This paper reviews data, obtained by the Viticulture Institute of the Catholic University at Piacenza and taken from the literature, on some aspects of stilbene physiology in grapevine and on their relation to resveratrol wine levels. Constitutive stilbene contents of woody organs are reported, as well as the possible role of cluster stems as a source of resveratrol for wine. The accumulation of stilbenes in grape berries infected by grey mould (Botrytis cinerea Pers.) has been investigated and the effects of environmental factors on resveratrol grape and wine levels will be discussed. An unidentified new hydroxystilbene was detected in wine.
Electronic communities (2000)

This workshop brings together four related areas of research and practice:• Electronic communities in CSCW (e.g., [5, 6])• Communities of practice in management science (e.g., [2, 4])• Places and spaces as constructed venues for collaborative work (e.g., [3])• Boundaries and boundary objects as crucial areas for communication, collaboration, and articulation work (e.g., [1, 7, 8])
B-Pack: A Bluetooth-based Wearable Sensing Device for Nursing Activity Recognition (2006)

This paper presents a wearable sensing device called "B-Pack", which is designed to capture nursing activities in real hospitals. To provide usability and flexibility, B-Pack features wireless connectivity using Bluetooth and a rechargeable battery with on-board charging circuitry. Furthermore, to acquire synchronized data on distributed parts of wearer's body, B-Pack features a time synchronization protocol. Through experiments and interviews, we confirmed that the data from each body part was appropriately collected for nursing activity recognition and that the design is suitable for a real nursing environment.
On the study of microbial transcriptomes using second- and third-generation sequencing technologies (2016)

Second-generation sequencing technologies transformed the study of microbial transcriptomes. They helped reveal the transcription start sites and antisense transcripts of microbial species, improving the microbial genome annotation. Quantification of genome-wide gene expression levels allowed for functional studies of microbial research. Ever-evolving sequencing technologies are reshaping approaches to studying microbial transcriptomes. Recently, Oxford Nanopore Technologies delivered a sequencing platform called MinION, a third-generation sequencing technology, to the research community. We expect it to be the next sequencing technology that enables breakthroughs in life science fields. The studies of microbial transcriptomes will be no exception. In this paper, we review microbial transcriptomics studies using second- generation sequencing technology. We also discuss the prospect of microbial transcriptomics studies with thirdgeneration sequencing.
The Post-hope Prime Minister (2010)

President Obama and former Prime Minister Kevin Rudd both catapulted to power principally by harnessing the politics of hope. But, as recent events have shown, in politics, hope can turn to hopeless pretty quickly.
Altered regulation of tomato and tobacco pigmentation genes caused by the <i>delila</i> gene of <i>Antirrhinum</i> (1995)

Summary Delila ( del ), a regulatory gene of Antirrhinum , alters anthocyanin pigmentation when introduced into two Solanaceous species. In tomato, pigmentation in vegetative tissues is strongly increased while in tobacco, intensification of pigment is restricted to flowers. Although del transcripts are ubiquitous in the transgenic plants, transcript levels of host anthocyanin biosynthetic genes are only increased in pigmented regions. Constructs carrying the maize transposon Ac , inserted at the 3′ end of the 35S promoter prior to the start of translation of the del gene, give variegated leaves in tomato, suggesting that del acts cell‐autonomously and that it may be used as a phenotypic marker. In Arabidopsis, del has no strong phenotypic effects, suggesting that del may not be able to function effectively in all plant hosts.
London Types (2000)

This study considers the ways in which a group of paintings and illustrations in the 1890s and 1900s represented urban 'types', especially women, in terms which effectively displaced contemporary middle-class anxieties about racial degeneration, deprivation and the problems of modern life. London provided the real text for those who wished to depict the shifting experiences of modern life. In this depiction, the 'cockney' coster girl came to occupy a central role, drawing on traditions of representation that included Hogarth as well as other artists. Despite fears about racial degeneration, coster girls were represented neither as feeble or degenerate. Although often depicted as bawdy, they were not seen as threatening. At the same time, parallels with traditional representations of London street life emphasised how the cockney 'type' persisted despite a rapidly changing urban environment. By insisting on past conventions it was possible for artists and spectators to overlook actual diversity and poverty, both of which constituted the new geographies of late nineteenth-century London.
SELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF ETHANOL OVER Rh–Ti–Fe–Ir/SiO2 CATALYST AT HIGH PRESSURE SYNGAS CONVERSION (1985)

Abstract A high performance catalyst for ethanol production -has been developed. Ethanol was produced with more than 50% selectivity from syngas over Rh–Ti–Fe–Ir/SiO2 under the condition of 50 atm and 260 °C. The roles of additives were discussed from the point of the reaction behavior and physical property of this catalyst.
Finishing Techniques for Silicon Nitride Bearings (1976)

Abstract : Strength, surface finish and rolling contact fatigue life were determined on two grades of hot pressed silicon nitride after a total of twenty- seven different surface finishing procedures. Rolling contact fatigue lives of silicon nitride with selected smoother finishes tested at 800 ksi Hertz stress were an order of magnitude longer than those obtained on the M50 bearing steel controls and more than twice as long as the best results previously obtained on silicon nitride.
IFSAR for the rapid terrain visualization demonstration (2002)

The Rapid Terrain Visualization Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (RTV-ACTD) is designed to "demonstrate the technologies and infrastructure to meet the Army requirement for rapid generation of digital topographic data to support emerging crisis or contingencies". The primary sensor for this mission is an interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR) designed at Sandia National Laboratories. This paper will outline the design of the system and its performance, and show some flight test results. The RTV IFSAR will meet DTED level III and IV specifications by using a multiple-baseline design and high-accuracy differential and carrier-phase GPS navigation. It includes innovative near-real-time DEM production on-board the aircraft. The system is being flown on a deHavilland DHC-7 Army aircraft.
Combined RF phase extraction and digitization (2002)

Phase-tracking problems are ubiquitous in communication systems, and the trend toward digital signal processing is rapidly necessitating the juxtaposition of RF phase-tracking and analog-to-digital conversion. A new technique for simultaneously performing these functions is presented. The approach offers the potential of reduced analog circuit complexity and cost over the traditional method of performing the functions separately.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Adrenal Disorders and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (1992)

Adrenal hyperandrogenism is a common feature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO). It is controversial whether the noncongenital adrenal hyperplasia disorders represent some sort of primary defect within the adrenal gland or are secondary to the effects of the abnormal hormonal milieu on adrenal enzyme activity, either the high androgen or luteinizing hormone levels. Adrenal androgens, both directly and by their aromatization to oestrogens, can cause the clinical and biochemical syndrome of PCO.
Structural basis of the abscess-modulating polysaccharide A2 from<i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> (2000)

Zwitterionic capsular polysaccharides from pathogenic bacteria have peculiar immunological properties. They are capable of eliciting T-cell proliferation and modulating the course of abscess formation. To understand the molecular basis of this characteristic immune response, we are conducting detailed structure-function studies on these polysaccharides. We have identified, purified, and characterized an abscess-modulating polysaccharide, PS A2, from the clinical strain Bacteroides fragilis 638R. Here, we report the elucidation of both the chemical and three-dimensional structures of PS A2 by NMR spectroscopy, chemical methods, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and restrained molecular dynamics calculations. PS A2 consists of a pentasaccharide repeating unit containing mannoheptose, N-acetylmannosamine, 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxyglucose, 2-amino-4-acetamido-2,4,6-trideoxygalactose, fucose, and 3-hydroxybutanoic acid. PS A2 is zwitterionic and carries one cationic free amine and one anionic carboxylate in each repeating unit. It forms an extended right-handed helix with two repeating units per turn and a pitch of 20 A. Positive and negative charges are exposed on the outer surface of the polymer in a regularly spaced pattern, which renders them easily accessible to other molecules. The helix is characterized by repeated large grooves whose lateral boundaries are occupied by the charges. The three-dimensional structure of PS A2 explicitly suggests mechanisms of interaction between zwitterionic polysaccharides and proteins.
Hierarchical Clustering for Image Databases (2006)

The organization of an image database is one of the important issues in efficient storage and retrieval of images. Most of the existing image databases are based on flat structures, with the possibility of an index into the database that can help in narrowing down the images to be searched. In this paper, the author presents a technique to create a hierarchical data structure based on the clustering approach such that a user can select or discard a number of images for subsequent operations. The presented technique is based on application of wavelet analysis to scale the images in hierarchy, and can take advantage of the structure of compressed images in the JPEG 2000 standard
Molecular Characterization of Astroviruses by Reverse Transcriptase PCR and Sequence Analysis: Comparison of Clinical and Environmental Isolates from South Africa (2003)

A comparative analysis was performed with 25 isolates of astroviruses (AstVs) detected in sewage sources and 22 concurrently identified clinical AstV isolates from the Tshwane (Pretoria) Metropolitan Area in South Africa. The samples and specimens were screened for AstVs by using an enzyme immunoassay and/or a reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) for the highly conserved untranslated region (3' end) of the genome. The RT-PCR results were confirmed by oligonucleotide probe dot blot hybridization. Viable viruses were propagated in cell cultures for amplification when a minimal specimen was available or indeterminate sequences were obtained. AstV strains were characterized by RT-PCR and partial sequence analysis of the capsid region. The presence of multiple human AstV (HAstV) types in a single sewage sample complicated identification of individual strains, and additional type-specific RT-PCR and sequence analyses of the capsid region were required for characterization. Amplification and characterization of one genotype from a sample, therefore, did not preclude the possibility that a sample harbored additional different genotypes. Genotype and sequence information obtained from AstVs in wastewater samples were compared to information obtained from AstV strains from human stools. HAstV type 1 (HAstV-1), as well as HAstV-3, -5, -6, and -8, were identified among the clinical isolates, and HAstV-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -7, and -8 were identified among the environmental samples. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that HAstV-1, -3, -5, and -8, which were present in human stool and sewage samples, clustered together, indicating that these viruses are closely related. The concurrent presence of identical HAstV strains in wastewater samples and in hospitalized patients suggests that AstVs present in the environment pose a potential risk to communities in which fecally contaminated water is used for recreational and domestic purposes.
Paramagnetic effect of supplemental oxygen on CSF hyperintensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MR images. (2004)

Inhalation of increased levels of oxygen led to readily detectable CSF hyperintensity on FLAIR images of healthy volunteers. No significant synergetic effect of albumin and oxygen was noted.
Tongue Paresthesia and Dysgeusia following Operative Microlaryngoscopy (2006)

Alterations in tongue sensation and taste, most likely due to lingual nerve injury, are common after microlaryngoscopy, especially in female patients. They also tend to be associated with longer operative times. Although transient in nearly every case, lingual paresthesia and dysgeusia should form part of the preoperative discussion with the patient.