gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Au–Pd supported nanocrystals prepared by a sol immobilisation technique as catalysts for selective chemical synthesis (2008)

Catalysis by gold and gold-palladium nanoparticles has attracted significant research attention in recent years. These nanocrystalline materials have been found to be highly effective for selective and total oxidation, but in most cases the catalysts are prepared using precipitation or impregnation. We report the preparation of Au-Pd nanocrystalline catalysts supported on carbon prepared via a sol-immobilisation technique and these have been compared with Au-Pd catalysts prepared via impregnation. The catalysts have been evaluated for two selective chemical syntheses, namely, oxidation of benzyl alcohol and the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide. The catalysts have been structurally characterised using a combination of scanning transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The catalysts prepared using the sol immobilisation technique show higher activity when compared with catalysts prepared by impregnation as they are more active for both hydrogen peroxide synthesis and hydrogenation, and also for benzyl alcohol oxidation. The method facilitates the use of much lower metal concentrations which is a key feature in catalyst design, particularly for the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide.
Effect of Yeast Strain and Type of Sulfur Compound on Hydrogen Sulfide Production (1972)

A sensitive method for measuring H<sub>2</sub>S was used to study the production of this compound in defined media and in grape musts given differential treatment with sulfur-containing fungicides in the vineyard. Hydrogen sulfide formation in defined media was found to be affected by both yeast strain and the type of inorganic sulfur compound present. In musts, the H<sub>2</sub>S concentration was shown to be affected by the type of fungicide used in the vineyard.
End-to-End Data Deduplication for the Mobile Web (2011)

The emergence of affordable mobile devices with rich interfaces and high-bandwidth wireless connectivity has revolutionized the mobile Web. However, such new trends also imply downloading larger data volumes from the Web, with considerable battery and, often, monetary costs that inevitably degrade user experience. The mobile Web calls for end-to-end data deduplication that is able to achieve both high precision and negligible computational cost on the battery-constrained client side. We propose dedupHTTP, a novel deduplication solution that leverages the generic approach of Cache-Based Compaction to achieve the above requirements. Using a full-fledged implementation of dedupHTTP with real workloads from popular Web sites, we obtained savings in traffic consumption of up to 94,5% when comparing to plain HTTP transfer.
Generalized absorber theory and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox (1980)

A generalized form of Wheeler-Feynman absorber theory is used to explain the quantum-mechanical paradox proposed by Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen (EPR). The advanced solutions of the electromagnetic wave equation and of relativistic quantum-mechanical wave equations are shown to play the role of "verifier" in quantum-mechanical "transactions," providing microscopic communication paths between detectors across spacelike intervals in violation of the EPR locality postulate. The principle of causality is discussed in the context of this approach, and possibilities for experimental tests of the theory are examined.
Activation of nuclear factor κB in inflammatory bowel disease (1998)

In both IBDs, but particularly Crohn's disease, increased activation of NF kappa B may be involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response. Inhibition of NF kappa B activation may represent a mechanism by which steroids exert an anti-inflammatory effect in IBD.
SWAP: Mitigating XSS attacks using a reverse proxy (2009)

Due to the increasing amount of Web sites offering features to contribute rich content, and the frequent failure of Web developers to properly sanitize user input, cross-site scripting prevails as the most significant security threat to Web applications. Using cross-site scripting techniques, miscreants can hijack Web sessions, and craft credible phishing sites. Previous work towards protecting against cross-site scripting attacks suffers from various drawbacks, such as practical infeasibility of deployment due to the need for client-side modifications, inability to reliably detect all injected scripts, and complex, error-prone parameterization. In this paper, we introduce SWAP (secure Web application proxy), a server-side solution for detecting and preventing cross-site scripting attacks. SWAP comprises a reverse proxy that intercepts all HTML responses, as well as a modified Web browser which is utilized to detect script content. SWAP can be deployed transparently for the client, and requires only a simple automated transformation of the original Web application. Using SWAP, we were able to correctly detect exploits on several authentic vulnerabilities in popular Web applications.
Logic synthesis and circuit customization using extensive external don't-cares (2010)

Traditional digital circuit synthesis flows start from an HDL behavioral definition and assume that circuit functions are almost completely defined, making don't-care conditions rare. However, recent design methodologies do not always satisfy these assumptions. For instance, third-party IP blocks used in a system-on-chip are often overdesigned for the requirements at hand. By focusing only on the input combinations occurring in a specific application, one could resynthesize the system to greatly reduce its area and power consumption. Therefore we extend modern digital synthesis with a novel technique, called SWEDE, that makes use of extensive external don't-cares. In addition, we utilize such don't-cares present implicitly in existing simulation-based verification environments for circuit customization. Experiments indicate that SWEDE scales to large ICs with half-million input vectors and handles practical cases well.
Early‐life determinants of overweight and obesity: a review of systematic reviews (2010)

The aim of this paper was to review the evidence for early-life (from conception to 5 years of age) determinants of obesity. The design is review of published systematic reviews. Data sources included Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO. Identification of 22 eligible reviews from a database of 12,021 independent publications. Quality of selected reviews assessed using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews score. Articles published after the reviews were used to confirm results. No review was classified as high quality, 11 as moderate and 11 as low. Factors associated with later overweight and obesity: maternal diabetes, maternal smoking, rapid infant growth, no or short breastfeeding, obesity in infancy, short sleep duration, <30 min of daily physical activity, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. Other factors were identified as potentially relevant, although the size of their effect is difficult to estimate. Maternal smoking, breastfeeding, infant size and growth, short sleep duration and television viewing are supported by better-quality reviews. It is difficult to establish a causal association between possible determinants and obesity, and the relative importance of each determinant. Future research should focus on early-life interventions to confirm the role of protective and risk factors and to tackle the high burden obesity represents for present and future generations.
CASA - a framework for dynamically adaptive applications (2007)

a Doktorvater (a German word for Doctoral advisor, which literally means Doctor-Father) to me, giving me the freedom to explore new ideas, and, at the same time, providing his able guidance and motivation to keep me focussed on such an interesting research topic.His analytically deep questions and attention to details have helped me greatly in identifying critical research issues, and in finding solutions to both our satisfaction.He has also been a source of inspiration by way of his thorough and flawless working style.I would like to
A Current-Mode Wheatstone Bridge Employing Only Single DO-CDTA (2008)

This article proposes a topology of current-mode improved Wheatstone bridge based on dual-output current differencing transconductance amplifier (DO-CDTA). The features of the proposed configuration are that: magnitude of output signal can be controlled via the input bias currents; the proposed circuit is low temperature sensitive, the circuit description is very simple. The circuit performances are depicted through PSPICE simulations, they show good agreement to theoretical anticipation and provide ability to measure small resistance changes at a wide range of frequency (more than 60 MHz). The power consumption is approximately 4.55 mW at ~1.5 V supply voltages.
Chemical Process for Making Dialdehyde Starch (1971)

Abstract A practical, strictly chemical process has been developed for the periodic acid oxidation of starch to dialdehyde starch. In the procedure spent oxidant is converted by alkaline hypochlorite to insoluble sodium paraperiodate, which is recovered in high yield for recycling. The process is suitable for small‐scale production of dialdehyde starches of various carbonyl contents.
Synthesis of a New Macromonomer from 2‐(Dimethylamino)ethyl Methacrylate Bearing 1‐(Isopropenylphenyl)‐1,1‐dimethylmethyl Isocyanate Group (2004)

Abstract Summary: The telomerization of 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) with 2‐mercaptoethanol in acetonitrile shows that the telogen can react with the monomer by nucleophilic addition. It is to say that the tertiary amino group leads to nucleophilic addition rather than telomerization. The oligomers thus obtained were functionalized with 1‐(isopropenylphenyl)‐1,1‐dimethylmethyl isocyanate (TMI) in anhydrous toluene to afford macromonomers. These macromonomers were copolymerized with styrene and the r 1 , r 2 ratio was determined according to Jaacks and Macret's methods. It was thereby demonstrated that the r 1 value for this type of monomer is close to zero. Structure of the model molecule. magnified image Structure of the model molecule.
Screening Potato for Resistance to Potato Tuberworm1 (1982)

From 3,747 accessions of primitive cultivars and 452 accessions of wild potato species screened for resistance to Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), 22 primitive and 21 wild potato accessions were identified as highly resistant. These accessions were found resistant to both tuber damage and successful pupation and are now being used in breeding resistance into potentially high-yielding potato varieties adapted to lowland tropics. Resistance is attributed to antibiosis.
Pharmacology of the effects of bradykinin, serotonin, and histamine on the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from C-fiber terminals in the rat trachea (1993)

The effects of inflammatory substances, bradykinin (BK), 5-HT, and histamine (HIS), on the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from the peripheral terminals of sensory afferents in the rat trachea were examined ex vivo. With intralumenal perfusion, the isolated rat trachea displays low but measurable secretion of CGRP (32 +/- 4.6 fmol/10 min fraction). The addition of BK (10(-6) to 10(-4) M) to the superfusate resulted in an immediate, concentration-dependent increase in the level of CGRP (5-30-fold increase above baseline) in the perfusates, and this effect showed a concentration-dependent tachyphylaxis. [Des-Arg10]-kallidin, a B1 receptor agonist, at concentrations of up to 10(-4) M did not induce any significant increase in CGRP outflow from the rat trachea. HIS at 10(-4) M caused a modest but progressive augmentation in the release of CGRP. 5-HT at 10(-4) M had no effect upon the resting efflux of CGRP, but at a concentration of 10(-6) M significantly enhanced the release of CGRP evoked by capsaicin (10(-6) M). Similar conditioning studies carried out with HIS and BK showed no augmentation. BK-evoked CGRP efflux was significantly inhibited by [D-Arg0, Hyp3, Thi5,8, D-Phe7]-BK (B2 antagonist) and indomethacin. While [Des-Arg9, Leu8]-BK (B1 antagonist) also caused a reduction of BK-induced release, its effect did not reach statistical significance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, inhibin, and activin in human placenta: evidence for a common cellular localization (1992)

The human placenta produces several hypophysiotropic factors that participate in the control of local hormone secretion. In particular, previous reports showed that inhibin and activin modulate both GnRH release and hormonal effect in cultured human placental cells. The present study evaluated the possible correlations among the synthesis and cellular distribution of inhibin, activin, and GnRH in placental villi at term. mRNA coding for inhibin alpha- and beta A-subunits and GnRH were localized in human placenta at term by in situ hybridization using the corresponding cDNA probes. Autoradiograms revealed that some placental cells express inhibin alpha- and beta A-subunit and GnRH mRNAs. A common localization of the three hormonal mRNAs has been found in the inner part of the villi. Using affinity-purified polyclonal antisera, immunocytochemical studies confirmed that in placental villi at term, immunoreactive inhibin alpha- and beta A-subunits and GnRH had a distribution that was superimposable in several areas. Both the outer layer and the inner trophoblasts contained immunoreactive hormonal products. The present data show that some placental cells at term can produce and release inhibin, activin, and/or GnRH. This complement of hypophysiotropic factors may, thus, represent a local paracrine/autocrine control mechanism within the placenta.
Relationship of maternal milk expected progeny differences to actual milk yield and calf weaning weight (1993)

Calf weaning weights and estimates of 205-d milk yield (n = 317) were obtained from 90 Polled Hereford (PH) and 80 Simmental (SM) cows to evaluate the relationship of these measures with maternal milk and total maternal EPD from national cattle evaluations. An inverse parabolic exponential function predicted 205-d milk yields for each cow from five estimates of daily milk yield taken once per month via calf weigh-suckle-weigh. Changes in calves' 205-d adjusted weights were greater than predicted (P < .02) by maternal milk EPD of PH and SM dams and PH maternal grandsires (MGS) but were similar to changes predicted by SM MGS (P > .50). These changes were also greater than those predicted by total maternal EPD of PH dams and MGS (P < .02) but were similar to those predicted in SM dams and MGS (P > .38). Interactions of maternal milk and total maternal EPD with sex of calf and year did not influence calves' 205-d adjusted weights (P > .10). A positive relationship was found in both breeds between 205-d milk yield EPD (calculated from 205-d milk yield estimates) and maternal milk EPD from national cattle evaluations. Objectively assessing the magnitude of this relationship was hindered by problems in estimating heritability and interpreting correlations between EPD. These data indicate that maternal milk and total maternal EPD from national cattle evaluations are reasonably good predictors of genetic differences in milk yield and weaning weight.
A Single-Chip Tri-Band (2100, 1900, 850/800 MHz) WCDMA/HSDPA Cellular Transceiver (2006)

This paper describes the design and performance of the first tri-band (2100, 1900, 800/850 MHz) single-chip 3G cellular transceiver IC for worldwide use. The transceiver has been designed to meet all narrowband blocker, newly proposed Adjacent Channel II, and Category 10 HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) requirements. The design is part of a reconfigurable reference platform for multi-band, multi-mode (GSM/EDGE + WCDMA) radios. The zero-IF receiver is comprised of a novel multi-band quadrature mixer, seventh-order baseband filtering, and a novel DC offset correction scheme, which exhibits no settling time or peak switching transients after gain steps. The receiver lineup is designed to optimize HSDPA throughput and minimize sensitivity to analog baseband filter bandwidth variations. The direct-launch transmitter is made up of a third-order baseband filter, an I/Q modulator with variable gain, an integrated transformer, an RF variable gain amplifier, and a power amplifier driver. At +9.5-dBm output power, the transmitter achieves an error vector magnitude (EVM) of 4%. Fractional-N synthesizers achieve fast lock times of 50 /spl mu/s (150 /spl mu/s) within 20 ppm (0.1 ppm). Automatically calibrated, integrated VCOs achieve a 1.6-GHz tuning range to facilitate coverage over all six 3GPP frequency bands. The IC draws 34 mA in receive (18-mA receiver plus 16-mA fractional-N PLL/VCO) and 50 to 62 mA in transmit (-76 dBm to +9.5 dBm), including PLL/VCO, using a 2.775-V supply voltage. The RF transceiver is integrated with the baseband signal processing and associated passives in a 165-pad package, resulting in the first tri-band 3G radio transceiver with a digital interface which requires no external components.
The Synthesis of the 2,4-Dihydroxymethylphenylalanines and the Possible Sites of the Linkages between Tyrosinase and Substrate<sup>1</sup> (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of the 2,4-Dihydroxymethylphenylalanines and the Possible Sites of the Linkages between Tyrosinase and Substrate1J. P. LambooyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 4, 771–774Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01585a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01585a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views613Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Saliency Detection via Absorbing Markov Chain (2013)

In this paper, we formulate saliency detection via absorbing Markov chain on an image graph model. We jointly consider the appearance divergence and spatial distribution of salient objects and the background. The virtual boundary nodes are chosen as the absorbing nodes in a Markov chain and the absorbed time from each transient node to boundary absorbing nodes is computed. The absorbed time of transient node measures its global similarity with all absorbing nodes, and thus salient objects can be consistently separated from the background when the absorbed time is used as a metric. Since the time from transient node to absorbing nodes relies on the weights on the path and their spatial distance, the background region on the center of image may be salient. We further exploit the equilibrium distribution in an ergodic Markov chain to reduce the absorbed time in the long-range smooth background regions. Extensive experiments on four benchmark datasets demonstrate robustness and efficiency of the proposed method against the state-of-the-art methods.
Smoke detection in endoscopic surgery videos: a first step towards retrieval of semantic events (2014)

The irregular movement of smoke was captured robustly by the proposed features, which could also be employed for interpretation of other semantic occurrences in surgical videos.
Advanced secondary power system for transport aircraft (1985)

A concept for an advanced aircraft power system was identified that uses 20-kHz, 440-V, sin-wave power distribution. This system was integrated with an electrically powered flight control system and with other aircraft systems requiring secondary power. The resulting all-electric secondary power configuration reduced the empty weight of a modern 200-passenger, twin-engine transport by 10 percent and the mission fuel by 9 percent.
End-to-End Identity Important in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) (2009)

This document surveys existing mechanisms in the Session Initiation
Protocol (SIP) for identifying and authenticating the source of a SIP
request (or caller identification). It describes how identification
and authentication are not always end-to-end and the problems that
this can lead to, particularly since media security based on
techniques such as DTLS-SRTP is dependent on end-to-end authenticated
identification of parties. This work is being discussed on the
sip@ietf.org mailing list.
Effects of Lubricants on Seal Elastomers (1987)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Oil Resistant elastomers are used in a wide variety of applications for the retention of lubricant and/or the exclusion of contaminants. These elastomers are formulated to produce specific static and dynamic properties. However, at elevated temperatures, the lubricants that the elastomer components are designed to seal can cause long term property deterioration of the elastomer. This paper will focus on the effects of lubricants on seal elastomers with emphasis on base oil trends, specific additive effects, synthetic lubricants, and the combined effects of high temperature, lubricant and oxygen.</div>
Bilingual Nurse Education Program:<i>Applicant Characteristics that Predict Success</i> (2012)

Nurses are in great demand across the United States, but those fluent in both Spanish and English are in particularly short supply. This study examined three cohorts of students that entered a Spanish-English nursing education program to determine characteristics of applicants that produced student success. Unlike many nursing programs, entrance requirements for this bilingual program did not include a minimal grade point average (GPA) or previous course completions. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between five different characteristics of entering students and their later success in the program. Success was measured in terms of program persistence and performance on the NCLEX-PN and NCLEX-RN exams. Incoming students with relatively high GPAs (M = 3.2) were significantly more likely to persist through the entire nursing 0ronram and oass the NCLEX-RN exam (t < .05) than those with lower GPAs (M = 2.5).
A Convenient Synthesis of Substituted Pyrazolidines and Azaproline Derivatives through Highly Regio- and Diastereoselective Reduction of 2-Pyrazolines (2007)

The synthesis of substituted N-acetyl- and N-aroyl-2-pyrazolines via intramolecular Michael addition of alpha,beta-unsaturated hydrazones generated through olefination of phosphinyl and phosphonyl hydrazones with carbonyl compounds is reported. The regioselective reduction of the C-N double bond in these 2-pyrazolines using Superhydride (Et3BHLi) gives pirazolidine derivatives with excellent levels of cis-diastereoselectivity. These 2-pyrazolines can also be obtained in one-pot reaction from allenes, hydrazides, and aldehydes; and pyrazolidines, after reduction, from allenes, hydrazides, and aldehydes. This synthetic route was developed to provide a new approach to substituted azaproline derivatives in a diastereoselective fashion.