gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV)--a new clinical tool for the otologist. (1996)

We describe a laser Doppler system (LDS) that can be used clinically for the measurement of tympanic membrane (TM), malleus and prosthesis head displacement in response to sound inputs of 80-to 100-dB sound-pressure level (SPL). It also has the potential for use in the operating room to perform measurements of prosthesis and stapes displacement. The information provided by such testing gives the otologist knowledge of TM and ossicular function that is unique in evaluating middle ear function; it should help select the best type of reconstruction in a given case and direct us toward new and better methods of TM and ossicular reconstruction. The results of umbo displacement measurements in 95 human ears are reported. Examples are provided of LDS measurements in representative ears and how they can be of help to the clinician. The potential of multisite TM-displacement testing is demonstrated in two temporal bones, including before and after partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP) insertion.
Non-invasive Indices for the Estimation of the Anaerobic Threshold of Oarsmen (2010)

This study compared four common non-invasive indices with an invasive index for determining the anaerobic threshold (AT) in 22 adult male rowers using a Concept2 rowing ergometer. A criterion-standard progressive incremental test (invasive method) measured blood lactate concentrations to determine the 4 mmol/l threshold (La4-AT) and Dmax AT (Dm-AT). This was compared with three indices obtained by analysis of respiratory gases and one that was based on the heart rate (HR) deflection point (HRDP) all of which used the Conconi test (non-invasive methods). In the Conconi test, the HRDP was determined whilst continuously increasing the power output (PO) by 25 W/min and measuring respiratory gases and HR. The La4-AT and Dm-AT values differed slightly with respect to oxygen uptake, PO and HR however, AT values significantly correlated with each other and with the four non-invasive methods. In conclusion, the non-invasive indices were comparable with the invasive index and could, therefore, be used in the assessment of AT during rowing ergometer use. In this population of elite rowers, Conconi threshold (Con-AT), based on the measurement of HRDP tended to be the most adequate way of estimating AT for training regulation purposes.
Metal oxocations (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal oxocationsJoel Selbin Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 2, 86Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1964Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 February 1964Published inissue 1 February 1964https://doi.org/10.1021/ed041p86RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views271Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (5 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Distributed Fiber-Optic Sensors for Vibration Detection (2016)

Distributed fiber-optic vibration sensors receive extensive investigation and play a significant role in the sensor panorama. Optical parameters such as light intensity, phase, polarization state, or light frequency will change when external vibration is applied on the sensing fiber. In this paper, various technologies of distributed fiber-optic vibration sensing are reviewed, from interferometric sensing technology, such as Sagnac, Mach-Zehnder, and Michelson, to backscattering-based sensing technology, such as phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer, polarization-optical time domain reflectometer, optical frequency domain reflectometer, as well as some combinations of interferometric and backscattering-based techniques. Their operation principles are presented and recent research efforts are also included. Finally, the applications of distributed fiber-optic vibration sensors are summarized, which mainly include structural health monitoring and perimeter security, etc. Overall, distributed fiber-optic vibration sensors possess the advantages of large-scale monitoring, good concealment, excellent flexibility, and immunity to electromagnetic interference, and thus show considerable potential for a variety of practical applications.
Gate-induced band-to-band tunneling leakage current in LDD MOSFETs (1992)

Theoretical and experimental studies are presented to model the gate-induced drain leakage(GIDL) current due to band-to-band tunneling, which is one of the major leakage components in off-state MOSFETs. The model shows a good agreement with the experimental data for more than 7 decades of current magnitudes. Therefore the impact of this tunneling leakage current can be correctly evaluated. Based on this model, the impact of GIDL on low off-state leakage drain engineering and on oxide scaling is investigated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Monoclonal Antibodies Specific for the Different Subunits of Asymmetric Acetylcholinesterase from Chick Muscle (1988)

The asymmetric (20S) acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) from 1-day-old chick muscle, purified on a column on which was immobilised a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to chick brain AChE, was used to immunise mice. Eight mAbs against the muscle enzyme were hence isolated and characterised. Five antibodies (4A8, 1C1, 10B7, 7G8, and 8H11) recognise a 110-kilodalton (kDa) subunit with AChE catalytic activity, one antibody (7D11) recognises a 72-kDa subunit with pseudocholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE, EC 3.1.1.8) catalytic activity, and two antibodies (6B6 and 7D7) react with the 58-kDa collagenous tail unit. Those three polypeptides can be recognised together in the 20S enzyme used, which is a hybrid AChE/BuChE oligomer. Antibodies 6B6 and 7D7 are specific for asymmetric AChE. Four of the mAbs recognising the 110-kDa subunit were reactive with it in immunoblots. Sucrose density gradient analysis of the antibody-enzyme complexes showed that the anti-110-kDa subunit mAbs cross-link multiple 20S AChE molecules to form large aggregates. In contrast, there is only a 2-3S increase in the sedimentation constant with the mAbs specific for the 72-kDa or for the 58-kDa subunit, suggesting that those subunits are more inaccessible in the structure to intermolecular cross-linking. The 4A8, 10B7, 7D11, and 7D7 mAbs showed cross-reactivity to the corresponding enzyme from quail muscle; however, none of the eight mAbs reacted with either enzyme type from mammalian muscle or from Torpedo electric organ. All eight antibodies showed immunocytochemical localisation of the AChE form at the neuromuscular junctions of chicken twitch muscles.
Synthetic reactions by complex catalysts. XIX. Copper-catalyzed cycloaddition reactions of isocyanides. Novel synthesis of .DELTA.1-pyrroline and .DELTA.2-oxazoline (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic reactions by complex catalysts. XIX. Copper-catalyzed cycloaddition reactions of isocyanides. Novel synthesis of .DELTA.1-pyrroline and .DELTA.2-oxazolineTakeo Saegusa, Yoshihiko Ito, Hideo Kinoshita, and Shimpei TomitaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 22, 3316–3323Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1971https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00821a011RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views885Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (795 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Power Tools for Pro Tools 8.0 (2009)

Power Tools for Pro Tools is the in-depth guide to Digidesign's digital-audio-workstation software, the industry standard in recording applications. Includes advanced tips and tricks for using Pro Tools software (on both HD and LE-based systems) and easy-to-follow examples. Topics include MIDI and audio sequencing, editing, looping, Elastic Audio, and the entirely new graphical interface. The accompanying CD-ROM includes audio examples and features QuickTime movies to show readers techniques previously known only to experienced Pro Tools users.
Facile Preparation of Superparamagnetic Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>/Poly(St-co-MPS)/SiO<SUB>2</SUB> Composite Particles with High Magnetization by Introduction of Silanol Groups (2009)

Fe3O4/poly(St-co-MPS) particles were prepared by encapsulation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles into copolymers of styrene (St) and 3-trimethoxysilylpropylmethacrylate (MPS) (poly(St-co-MPS)) prepared by miniemulsion copolymerization. It is found that the structure of the Fe3O4/poly(St-co-MPS)/SiO2 composite particles prepared by direct silica deposition on surface of the Fe3O4/poly(St-co-MPS) particles is dependent on the volume fraction of MPS used in the copolymerization. It is identified that the surface of the Fe3O4/poly(St-co-MPS) particles becomes more negatively charged with increased volume fraction of MPS used in the copolymerization, attributed to the increased amount of the silanol groups on the particles surface. Introduction of silanol groups on the particle surface is effective to improve the dispersibility of the Fe3O4/poly(St-co-MPS) particles and their compatibility with silica, allowing the facile preparation of Fe3O4/poly(St-co-MPS)/SiO2 composite particles with defined core-shell structure. The as-prepared Fe3O4/poly(St-co-MPS)/SiO2 composite particles show high magnetization, for example, saturation magnetization of the particles with average size of 140 nm and 6 nm silica shell is as high as 45 emu/g at 300 K.
Future research and therapeutic applications of human stem cells: general, regulatory, and bioethical aspects (2010)

There is much to be investigated about the specific characteristics of stem cells and about the efficacy and safety of the new drugs based on this type of cells, both embryonic as adult stem cells, for several therapeutic indications (cardiovascular and ischemic diseases, diabetes, hematopoietic diseases, liver diseases). Along with recent progress in transference of nuclei from human somatic cells, as well as iPSC technology, has allowed availability of lineages of all three germ layers genetically identical to those of the donor patient, which permits safe transplantation of organ-tissue-specific adult stem cells with no immune rejection. The main objective is the need for expansion of stem cell characteristics to maximize stem cell efficacy (i.e. the proper selection of a stem cell) and the efficacy (maximum effect) and safety of stem cell derived drugs. Other considerations to take into account in cell therapy will be the suitability of infrastructure and technical staff, biomaterials, production costs, biobanks, biosecurity, and the biotechnological industry. The general objectives in the area of stem cell research in the next few years, are related to identification of therapeutic targets and potential therapeutic tests, studies of cell differentiation and physiological mechanisms, culture conditions of pluripotent stem cells and efficacy and safety tests for stem cell-based drugs or procedures to be performed in both animal and human models in the corresponding clinical trials. A regulatory framework will be required to ensure patient accessibility to products and governmental assistance for their regulation and control. Bioethical aspects will be required related to the scientific and therapeutic relevance and cost of cryopreservation over time, but specially with respect to embryos which may ultimately be used for scientific uses of research as source of embryonic stem cells, in which case the bioethical conflict may be further aggravated.
Surface functionalization of 3D-printed plastics via initiated chemical vapor deposition (2017)

3D printing is a useful fabrication technique because it offers design flexibility and rapid prototyping. The ability to functionalize the surfaces of 3D-printed objects allows the bulk properties, such as material strength or printability, to be chosen separately from surface properties, which is critical to expanding the breadth of 3D printing applications. In this work, we studied the ability of the initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) process to coat 3D-printed shapes composed of poly(lactic acid) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. The thermally insulating properties of 3D-printed plastics pose a challenge to the iCVD process due to large thermal gradients along the structures during processing. In this study, processing parameters such as the substrate temperature and the filament temperature were systematically varied to understand how these parameters affect the uniformity of the coatings along the 3D-printed objects. The 3D-printed objects were coated with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers. Contact angle goniometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the functionalized surfaces. Our results can enable the use of iCVD to functionalize 3D-printed materials for a range of applications such as tissue scaffolds and microfluidics.
Hydrologic Inventory of the Uintah Study Unit (1970)

The 1963 Utah State Legislature authorized the Utah Water and Power Board (now the Utah Division of Water Resources) to develop a state water plan in order to give coordination and direction to the activities of all state and federal agencies concerned with Utah's water resources. To facilitate the development of this plan, a proposal was submitted through the State Planning Coordinator in the Governor's Office to the Urban Renewal Administration of the Housing and Home Finance Agency. Funding was approved effective May 19, 1966, under the Urban Planning Assistance Program authorized by Section 701 of the Housing Act of 1954, as amended. Matching funds for the necessary land use and hydrologic investigations have been provided by the Utah Division of Water Resources and the Utah Water Research Laboratory. A better understanding of the state's water resources, the way in which the water resources are being used, and the opportunities for further water conservation is an essential foundation in the development of a water plan. This understanding can be obtained only by careful study of each stream basin using recognized hydrologic techniques. Such a study must be designed to account for the water which appears as runoff, to isolate opportunities for improvement in water management, and to indicate opportunities for increasing the effective supply by eliminating nonproductive uses. Water planning must be based upon a reasonably good appraisal of the water supply and its quality at points within the system. In addition, since any proposed change in the place or type of water use will have an effect upon the total hydrologic system, this effect must be appraised before any possible development plan can be recommended.
Basal cortisol levels and cognitive deficits in human aging (1994)

A group of 19 healthy elderly subjects previously shown to differ in terms of their cortisol levels over a 4 year period were administered a neuropsychological test battery assessing memory, attention, and language. Correlational analyses performed on various corticosteroid measures showed that the slope of the change in cortisol levels over time predicted cognitive deficits in this elderly population. Aged subjects showing a significant increase in cortisol levels with years and with high current basal cortisol levels were impaired on tasks measuring explicit memory and selective attention when compared to aged subjects presenting either decreasing cortisol levels with years or increasing cortisol levels with moderate current basal cortisol levels. We further showed that subjects presenting a decrease in cortisol levels with years performed as well as young healthy subjects with regard to cognitive performance. Thus, impaired cognitive performance was associated with recent evidence of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) dysregulation and elevated basal cortisol levels. These results are consistent with recent animal studies showing the existence of subpopulations of aged rats that differ in HPA activity and cognitive performance. Finally, the pattern of cognitive results related to the cortisol history of subjects is in agreement with a role played by the hippocampus in age-related HPA dysfunction and cognitive performance.
Detection of Phosphorylated Peptides in Proteomic Analyses Using Microfluidic Compact Disk Technology (2004)

A compact disk (CD)-based microfluidic method for selective detection of phosphopeptides by mass spectrometry is described. It combines immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) and enzymatic dephosphorylation. Phosphoproteins are digested with trypsin and processed on the CD using nanoliter scale IMAC with and without subsequent in situ alkaline phosphatase treatment. This is followed by on-CD matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. Dephosphorylation of the IMAC-enriched peptides allows selective phosphopeptide detection based on the differential mass maps generated (mass shifts of 80 Da or multiples of 80 Da). The CD contains 96 microstructures, each with a 16 nL IMAC microfluidic column. Movement of liquid is controlled by differential spinning of the disk. Up to 48 samples are distributed onto the CD in two equal sets. One set is for phosphopeptide enrichment only, the other for identical phosphopeptide enrichment but combined with in situ dephosphorylation. Peptides are eluted from the columns directly into MALDI target areas, still on the CD, using a solvent containing the MALDI matrix. After crystallization, the CD is inserted into a MALDI mass spectrometer for analysis down to the femtomole level. The average success rate in phosphopeptide detection is over 90%. Applied to noncharacterized samples, the method identified two novel phosphorylation sites, Thr 735 and Ser 737, in the ligand-binding domain of the human mineralocorticoid receptor.
Effects of Some Gastrointestinal Peptides on Isolated Human and Rabbit Gastric Glands (1991)

The isolated gastric gland preparation, with aminopyrine accumulation as an index of the parietal cell response, has been used to study the effects of somatostatin (S-14), gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), cholecystokinin (CCK-8), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and peptide YY (PYY) on the in vitro acid secretion in human and rabbit oxyntic mucosa. Somatostatin was able to inhibit the parietal cell response to histamine in both human and rabbit isolated gastric glands (maximal inhibition, 22% and 34%, respectively) but failed to inhibit the parietal cell response to db-cAMP. However, other peptides capable of inhibiting gastric acid secretion in vivo, such as CCK, VIP, and PYY, were unable to induce any inhibition of the parietal cell response to db-cAMP or histamine in the isolated gastric gland preparation irrespective of the species studied. GRP was not able to induce a parietal cell response, a finding that is in accord with the assumption that the stimulatory effect of GRP on gastric acid secretion in vivo is by releasing gastrin from antral G-cells.
Contrast-improving methods for Digital Micromirror Device projectors (2003)

This paper discusses contrast degradation in projection displays that use the Digital Micromirror DeviceTM (DMDTM) of Texas Instruments. Various possible mechanisms for the degradation of the contrast ratio are investigated by using optical ray-trace simulations and performing some experiments. It is found that the scattering of light at the DMD is the principal source of contrast degradation. This scattering is implemented in our simulations of the DMD projector in the optical ray-trace program ASAP. This enables us to simulate the contrast ratio in a realistic way. Two methods to improve the contrast ratio are proposed. Both methods, however, reduce the total light transmission of the projector. These methods are illustrated with our simulation model, and quantitative results are given.
Characterization of a top-illuminated <i>p</i>-<i>i</i>-<i>n</i> diode with an indium tin oxide contact (1989)

The characteristics of a new type of AlGaAs/GaAs p-i-n photodiode are reported. Indium tin oxide forms the contact to the upper AlGaAs layer and serves also as an antireflection coating. Our devices show very low dark currents (20–300 pA at 5 V reverse bias for devices of 20–200 μm diameter), high speed (full width at half maximum &lt;60 ps), and high sensitivity (61% external quantum efficiency) at 1 V bias. A microwave analysis of the diode is presented.
Factors affecting the production of foot-and-mouth disease virus in deep suspension cultures of BHK21 Clone 13 cells (1967)

For maximum utilization of deep cultures to produce FMD virus it was important to have adequate control of culture temperature and pH. Culture temperature should be controlled within the range 34·25°7–35°C. and culture pH at 7·2. The culture system became less efficient as the cell concentration was increased from 1 × 10 6·0 to 9 × 10 6·0 cells/ml. A cell concentration of 2·5 × 10 6·0 cells/ml. represented a working compromise between efficiency and antigen titre/ml. for inactivated FMD vaccine production. The input virus/cell ratio had no effect on the time or titre of peak virus yield in the range 1:1 to 1:320. This makes the production of seed virus from small numbers of monolayer cultures feasible and economical. Virus yield was improved by the addition of 5% serum. It would be more satisfactory if a serum-free cell strain could be developed.