gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Innovation and exploration of diversified teaching patterns for Biochemical Reaction Engineering under the new engineering education background]. (2021)

Biochemical Reaction Engineering is a professional discipline with emphasis on both theory and practice. It is the core course in the curriculum provision for students majoring in bioengineering and plays an important role in the cultivation of professional talents. However, there are so much theory knowledge, such as formulas and deduction, that students showed poor efficiency in their study. Herein, to cater the objective command of innovative talents under new education background, and to improve the practical teaching efficiency and the students' enthusiasm as well as the practical innovation capability, the teaching team innovated and explored the teaching pattern, the teaching method as well as the teaching technologies. The teaching efficiency has been remarkably improved by introducing the virtual simulate technology, the micro-lecture, the case teaching pattern attempts and the scientific platform, which can be used as reference by other peers.
Security analysis for key generation systems using face images (2005)

In this paper, we analyze the security problem of user information associated key generation (UIAKG) systems. We consider three kinds of attacks from the hacker: the exhaustive search attack, the authentic key statistics attack and the device key statistics attack. Under each attack, we give the estimate of the number of guesses the hacker has to make in order to access the system. Such analysis provides useful guidelines in designing a UIAKG system. The analysis also suggests that a user-dependent UIAKG is more secure than a user-independent one. Two UIAKG systems using face images as inputs are designed and compared to support the above theoretical analysis.
The Arterial System in Hypertension (1995)

Hypertension has long been considered a hemodynamic disorder, the hallmark of which is an increased total peripheral resistance that is more or less uniformly distributed in the arterioles of the component organ circulations. In recent years, because of the introduction of innovative technologies and methods, it is now possible to obtain a meaningful assessment of the physiological role of the larger arteries, thereby providing an index of arterial distensibility and compliance and a new means to assess the role of pulsatile pressure and arterial stiffening in hypertension and its comorbid diseases (eg, arteriosclerosis, diabetes mellitus). This discussion addresses these newer methodological aspects in assessing arterial stiffening in systemic hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders. In addition, the epidemiological, the molecular biological, and genetic, as well as certain therapeutic, aspects of pulse pressure in these circumstances are discussed.
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis: a disease commoner in non-smokers. (1977)

The smoking habits of 18 patients with extrinsic allergic alveolitis, 22 with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, and 75 patients with sarcoidosis were compared with the smoking habits of the normal population of the Prairie Region for 1973. The patients were diagnosed at the same two hospitals over the four-year period November 1971--75 and were of comparable age. Non-smoking was significantly associated with allergic alveolitis in men and the three cases in women were all non-smokers. For the other two diseases, smoking habits were similar to those of the local population.
Mechanical properties of the abdominal wall and biomaterials utilized for hernia repair (2017)

Abdominal wall hernias are one of the most common and long-standing surgical applications for biomaterials engineering. Yet, despite over 50 years of standard use of hernia repair materials, revision surgery is still required in nearly one third of patients due to hernia recurrence. To date, hernia mesh designs have focused on maximizing tensile strength to prevent structural failure of the implant. However, most recurrences occur at the biomaterial-tissue interface. There is a fundamental gap in understanding the degree to which a mechanical mismatch between hernia repair materials and host tissue contributes to failure at this interface. This review summarizes the current literature related to the anatomy and mechanics of both human and animal abdominal wall tissues, as well as the mechanical properties of many commonly-utilized hernia repair materials. The studies reviewed here reported greater compliance of the linea alba, larger strains for the intact abdominal wall, and greater stiffness for the rectus sheath and umbilical fascia when the tissues were loaded in the longitudinal direction compared to transverse. Additionally, greater stresses were observed in the linea alba when loaded in the transverse direction compared to longitudinal. Given these trends, a few recommendations can be made regarding orientation of mesh. The most compliant axis of the biomaterial should be oriented in the cranio-caudal (longitudinal) direction, and the strongest axis of the biomaterial should be oriented in the medial-lateral (transverse) direction. The human abdominal wall is also anisotropic, with anisotropy ratios as high as 8-9 reported for the human linea alba. Current biomaterial designs exhibit anisotropy ratios in the range of 1-3, and it is unclear whether an ideal ratio exists for optimal match between mesh and tissue. This is likely dependent on implantation location as the linea alba, rectus sheath, and other tissues of the abdominal wall exhibit different characteristics. Given the number of unknowns yet to be addressed by studies of the human abdominal wall, it is unlikely that any single biomaterial design currently encompasses all of the ideal features identified. More data on the mechanical properties of the abdominal wall will be needed to establish a full set of guidelines for ideal mesh mechanics including strength, compliance, anisotropy, nonlinearity and hysteresis.
Affective Disorders and Aggression Disorders: Evidence for a Common Biological Mechanism (1986)

Ever since the discovery that the classical antidepressants--tricyclics and MA oxidase inhibitors--exert an influence on central 5-HT, this neurotransmitter has been studied in depression, particularly in those forms responsive to this type of treatment. This chapter reviews the evidence in favor of a relationship between depression and central 5-HT dysfunctions. Most of the findings have been derived from patients with depression as the principal diagnosis. Some data have originated from patients suffering from a somatic illness and from depression as well. Both peripheral and central data are discussed. Although no single 5-HT-related finding in depression has so far been unequivocally established, the available evidence, in balance, justifies the tentative conclusion that disturbances in 5-HT metabolism can occur in depression. Lowered CSF 5-HIAA, the major indicator of disturbed central 5-HT metabolism in depression, has also been reported in aggression disorders, both in patients who had committed suicidal acts and in those with outward-directed aggression. The finding can not be explained by a concomitant state of depression. Rather than to discard the classical 5-HT-depression hypothesis, in favor of a 5-HT-aggression hypothesis, the hypothesis is launched that disturbances in serotonergic regulation can give rise to both mood and aggression disorders. This would provide a biological explanation for the clinical observation that those disorders frequently go hand in hand.
IV. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease abnormalities in macrophage function and cytokines (2002)

Macrophage products, such as cytokines, prostanoids, nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen intermediates, influence the function and viability of macrophages and neighboring cells. Given that the liver has one of the largest resident macrophage populations in the body, it is not surprising that hepatic macrophages [i.e., Kupffer cells (KC)] are involved in the pathogenesis of many kinds of liver disease. This review summarizes the abnormalities that have been demonstrated in bone marrow, peritoneal and hepatic macrophage of leptin-resistant (fa/fa) rats and leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice, two animal models for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Evidence supports the concept that altered KC function influences the viability of other cells, such as lymphocytes and hepatocytes, in fatty livers, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of NAFLD in animals with reduced leptin activity. Further work is needed to determine whether KC dysfunction is a component of more generalized mechanisms that lead to NAFLD.
Model for hysteresis and kink behavior of MOS transistors operating at 4.2 K (1988)

The hysteresis and kink characteristics of MOS transistors (MOSTs) operating at 4.2 K have been investigated. The response time of a MOST depends exponentially on the inverse of the drain voltage. A model is proposed that explains both the transient and kink behavior of the devices. It is based on the forced formation of the depletion layer caused by the avalanche-generated substrate current. The model is compared with previous models published in the literature.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A 20 Gb/s 1:4 DEMUX Without Inductors and Low-Power Divide-by-2 Circuit in 0.13 $\mu{\hbox {m}}$ CMOS Technology (2008)

In this paper, a 20 Gb/s 1:4 DEMUX without inductors is presented. A coupled latch with shared current source and buffer insertion scheme improves the signal bandwidth. A divide-by-2 circuit with a static frequency divider and a delay-locked loop achieves low power consumption and enhanced timing margin without the degradation of the divider sensitivity. A horizontal eye opening is 71.3%, and a vertical eye opening is 52%. The test chip fabricated in a 0.13 mum process consumes 210 mW from 1.2 V logic supply.
Selection for Herbicide Resistance at the Whole-Plant Level (1987)

We have isolated single, nuclear, dominant mutations in whole plants of the small crucifer Arabidopsis thaliana which confer a high level of resistance to a sulfonylurea herbicide. The ease and rapidity with which such mutations can be isolated using A.thaliana suggests that the approach may be of broad utility for studies of herbicide resistance and mode of action.
»Kunsthistoriker«, »Kunstkenner« und »Museumsleute«: Die deutschen Kollegen von Adolfo Venturi im Übergang zwischen dem 19. und 20. Jahrhundert (1991)

»Kunsthistoriker«, »Kunstkenner« und »Museumsleute«: Die deutschen Kollegen von Adolfo Venturi im Übergang zwischen dem 19. und 20. Jahrhundert was published in Kunstliteratur als Italienerfahrung on page 288.
A Study on the Profit Model of We Media in China (2017)

This study aims to analyze the profit model of We media in mainland of China. Specifically, there are three main research questions. First, what are the main profit models used by We media in China? Second, what are the types that those profit models belong to? Third, how can we evaluate those profit models? Based on the in-depth interview about nine people (three college faculties, three journalists and three employees of We media), this study draws such conclusions. 1. There are totally six profit models used by We media in mainland of China, Specifically, advertising, paid reading, membership, profit-sharing model, e-commerce, and derivative service. 2. These six profit models can be divided into four types. Advertising belongs to “direct and high profit”, e-commerce belongs to “indirect and high profit”, derivative service belongs to “indirect and low profit”, the remaining three profit models, paid reading, membership and profit-sharing model belong to “direct and low profit”. 3. We can evaluate the profit model of We media through two main aspects. On the one hand, we need to recognize We media’s profit models in China are very rich. In other words, We media can make money by many different ways, which is a good condition for We media’s improvement. While on the other hand, there is a feature of We media’s profit models, which is direct and low profit method accounts for the high level of proportion. It means We media’s actual profitability is not very strong, so most of We media can only gain low profit in practice.
Pressure-Sensitive Tape and Techniques for its Removal (1983)

The history of the
development of pressure-sensitive tape is outlined from its
invention in 1845 to the present. The aging properties of different
tapes are described. The efficacy and testing of various organic
solvents are examined with regard to appropriate solvent selection
for tape removal. Specific techniques for the removal of tape by
immersion, poultice, and suction are discussed. AATA No.: 22-517
Human growth hormone-stimulated growth of human cultured lymphocytes (IM-9) and its inhibition by phorbol diesters through down-regulation of the hormone receptors. Possible involvement of phosphorylation of a 55,000 molecular weight protein associated with the receptor in the down-regulation. (1990)

We report in this paper that human growth hormone (hGH) stimulates the growth of human cultured IM-9 lymphocytes in a low concentration (3%) of serum. The hormone-stimulated growth was inhibited with the phorbol diesters phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and phorbol 12,13-dibutylate (PDBu). The binding experiments of 125I-hGH to the phorbol diester-treated cells and to their detergent-solubilized receptors revealed that the phorbol diesters caused internalization of the hGH receptors from the cell surfaces but did not significantly affect their affinity (Ka = 8.5 x 10(9) M-1). About half of the receptors (1.4 x 10(3)/cell) were internalized in 30 min at 37 degrees C, and the half-effective doses of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and PDBu were 5 and 35 nM, respectively. When culture was continued after washing with the culture medium, the phorbol diester-treated cells recovered their hGH-responsive growth, and the number of the surface hGH receptors was restored. The down-regulation of the hormone receptor was also induced with another phorbol diester, phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, but not with the phorbol or phorbol monoesters phorbol 12-myristate and phorbol 13-acetate. The synthetic activators of protein kinase C 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol and N-(6-phenyl-hexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide had an effect similar to that of the phorbol diesters. Staurosporine and sphingosine, inhibitors of protein kinase C, inhibited the phorbol diester-caused down-regulation with a half-inhibitory dose (IC50) of 8 nM and 130 microM, respectively. This suggests that protein kinase C was involved in the reaction. When 32Pi-loaded IM-9 cells were stimulated with PDBu at 37 degrees C, the phosphorylation of Mr 55,000, 88,000, and 114,000 proteins increased rapidly. The PDBu-stimulated phosphorylation of 55,000 protein was also inhibited by staurosporine at 10 nM, which was a comparable concentration to inhibit the phorbol diester-induced down-regulation of hGH receptors. Furthermore, among these proteins, the 55,000 protein was specifically coisolated with the hGH receptors by three different experiments: 1) immunoprecipitation by anti-hGH antibody; 2) immunoisolation using protein A-cellulose columns; and 3) affinity purification by hGH-fixed agarose gel. These results suggest that phorbol diesters reduce the hGH-stimulated growth of cultured IM-9 lymphocytes by the down-regulation of hGH receptors and that the receptor-associated 55,000 protein may be involved in this regulation through phosphorylation by protein kinase C.
A robust hybrid iris localization technique (2009)

In this paper, a new iris localization method is presented. An iris recognition system acquires a human eye image, segments the iris region from the rest of the image, normalizes this segmented image and encodes features to get a compact iris template. Performance of all subsequent stages in an iris recognition system is highly dependent on correct detection of pupil-iris and iris-sclera boundaries in the eye images. In this paper, we present one such system which finds pupil boundary using image gray levels but uses edge detection and circular Hough transform to locate iris boundary. We introduce a number of optimizations to traditional Hough transform based methods. Experimental evaluation shows that the proposed system is accurate and efficient enough for real life applications.
The selective suppression of immunogenicity by hyaluronic acid. (1986)

A hyaluronidase-sensitive component of human peritoneal fluid from a patient with Wilms' tumor when injected into rabbits has been shown to suppress the formation of humoral precipitating antibodies to certain major classes of proteins present in the fluid. Furthermore, it has been found that hyaluronic acid, when included with certain test antigens (serum albumin, fetuin) or antigen mixtures (tumor isolates or mixtures of albumin, immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M), produces a marked distortion or complete blockage of immunoelectrophoresis precipitin arcs, as well as altered gel chromatography elution profiles. These findings that hyaluronic acid can interfere profoundly with both the elicitation of a complete antibody response and the formation of "normal" patterns of antigen-antibody precipitates in laboratory tests supports the possibility that this polysaccharide may play an immuno-regulatory role by masking potential immunogens. Consideration of the mechanisms for these in vivo and in vitro effects suggests that there may be some common basis in an "excluded volume" property of the hyaluronate, but this does not appear sufficient to explain the complexity and selectivity of the observed phenomena.
Aluminium layers as nonalloyed contacts to <i>p</i>-type GaAs (1993)

We have investigated the electrical characteristics of a metallic aluminum layer, deposited on top of heavily doped p-type GaAs, as a means of fabricating nonalloyed ohmic contacts to epitaxial semiconductor structures. The aluminum layer was deposited immediately after growth by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) of a beryllium-doped GaAs layer, i.e., without exposing the sample to air, or by deposition of an aluminum layer on the same sample in conventional vacuum evaporation equipment. Both types of structures were characterized via the transmission line model (TLM) to obtain the contact resistivity of such nonalloyed ohmic contacts. It appears that planar tunneling contacts grown entirely in an MBE process show contact resistance values which are comparable to alloyed contacts.
Quantitative studies of single-cell properties in monkey striate cortex. III. Spatial frequency (1976)

1. The response properties of single cells in monkey striate cortex were examined using moving bars, square-wave gratings, and sine-wave gratings. 2. The moving of cells studied were not selective for bar width or for the spatial frequency of square-wave gratings. 3. Most cells responded selectively to the spatial frequency of the sine-wave gratings. 4. The spatial frequency of the sine-wave grating eliciting the optimal response could not be predicted from the organization of the receptive field of each cell as determined by stationary or moving stimuli. 5. The sharpness of spatial-frequency selectivity is only slightly more pronounced in S-type cells than in CX-type cells. 6. S-type and CX-type cells differ significantly in the temporal modulation of their discharges to gratings. S-type cells discharge in sharp bursts to each cycle which traverses the receptive field. CX-type cells discharge in a rather continuous fashion. This measure can be used reliably to classify cells as S or CS type.
On CBR service (2002)

We investigate the performance of CBR traffic in the context of large-scale networks, where many connections and switches coexist and interact. We develop a framework for simulating such networks, decoupling the influence of breadth and depth. Our results are briefly as follows: we found that a Poisson stream is a good approximation to a superposition of many CBR streams with differing phases and bandwidths. Delays incurred by a reference stream with cross traffic composed of many CBR streams with different bandwidths and phases do not exceed a few cell times even under heavy load, which means that buildout buffers of 10 to 20 cells seem to be sufficient after traversing 20 switches. CBR traffic can be efficiently served by the first come first served (FCFS) scheduling discipline, which has the least implementation cost. Surprisingly, the round robin (RR) and weighted round robin (WRR) disciplines perform worse than the FCFS, despite their greater implementation complexity. We also compare an analytical approximation method based on the multiclass parametric decomposition method, with the simulation results and found it to be suitable for estimating the end-to-end delays for the FCFS discipline.
SELECTIVE PROTECTION OF THE SIDE CHAIN HYDROXY GROUP IN BILE ALCOHOL DERIVATIVES (1986)

(1986). SELECTIVE PROTECTION OF THE SIDE CHAIN HYDROXY GROUP IN BILE ALCOHOL DERIVATIVES. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 18, No. 5, pp. 345-352.
Toxic Waste Disposal in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2002)

About 10% of the nalidixic acid-resistant (Nal(r)) mutants in a transposition-induced library exhibited a growth factor requirement as the result of cysH, icdA, metE, or purB mutation. Resistance in all of these mutants required a functional AcrAB-TolC efflux pump, but the EmrAB-TolC pump played no obvious role. Transcription of acrAB was increased in each type of Nal(r) mutant. In the icdA and purB mutants, each of the known signaling pathways appeared to be used in activating the AcrAB-TolC pump. The metabolites that accumulate upstream of the blocks caused by the mutations are hypothesized to increase the levels of the AcrAB-TolC pump, thereby removing nalidixic acid from the organism.
THE EPIDEMICS OF COVID-19 (2020)

Due to modernization and industrialization the whole world population is under the threat of new diseases. With the passage of every day even every moment the diseases are taking the world by large. Recently, there is a new public health issue which started from China and has raised the eyebrow of the whole world population. The reversal and modified coronavirus, known as novel coronavirus leading to acute Respiratory syndrome coronavirus, (SAR-CoV-2) is causing deaths throughout the world. This Virus has been originated and usually found in bats with an ability to be transmitted to humans or animals through various unknown intermediate vectors from Wuhan, The Hubei Province of China ( December 2019). This virus has been named as COVID-19, which spread through inhalation or even through contacting with the infected person. The survival and the incubation period of this virus have been found to be ranged from 2-14days. Most one of the three people suffering are found to be asymptomatic, act as carrier and they are source of transmitting it to the healthy people. The disease has been found to be remained mild in most of the people with symptoms which are usually in the form of cough, fever, fatigue, sore throat, malaise, breathlessness lack of taste and among others, it may lead to pneumonia, multi-organ dysfunction and severe respiratory disorders, the fatality rate is 2-3%. It can be diagnosed by respiratory secretion through molecular test. The tomographic scan of chest has been found abnormal in most of cases, even among those patients who have been suffered with mild or no symptoms. Antiviral agents are being used in treating the disease due to lack of solid medicine in the market. It has been recommended to isolate the person with mild, severe of chronic symptoms and to take possible precautionary measures as the virus spread faster than its two previous strains as SAR CoV and Middle East Respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MER-CoV) which had low fatality rate.