gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcription of the Escherichia coli recE gene from a promoter in Tn5 and IS50 (1994)

Six sbc::Tn5 insertions and one sbc::IS50 insertion, which cause recE expression in Escherichia coli, have been cloned, and their DNA sequences have been determined. The sites of insertion are found at three positions in a 10-bp region: 58, 63, and 68 bp upstream of recE. Primer extension experiments with the cloned Tn5 insertions demonstrate that recE transcripts start adjacent to the insertion elements of five of these mutations and both adjacent and one nucleotide within the insertion element for the sixth mutation. This supports the hypothesis that these mutations have inserted a promoter, and PCR analysis reveals an outward promoter within the distal 69 nucleotides of Tn5. Primer extension analysis of RNA from the uncloned Tn5 and IS50 mutants reveals three additional insertion sites close to the others. Because all the insertions lie in the spacer region between racC and recE, transcribed in sbcA6 and sbc-23 strains, we propose that these insertions be renamed recEs::Tn5 and recEs::IS50.
Effect of Fuel Composition on Performance of Single-Step Cofired SOFCs (2007)

Anode-supported planar solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) were successfully fabricated employing a single-step cofiring process. The cells were comprised of a -stabilized zirconia (YSZ) anode, a YSZ electrolyte, a Ca-doped cathode active layer, and an LCM cathode current collector layer. The fabrication process involved tape casting of the anode, screen printing of the electrolyte and the cathode, and single-step cofiring of the green-state cell in the temperature range of for . The maximum power densities were at , at , and at , with humidified hydrogen as fuel and air as oxidant. The experimentally measured voltage-current density (V-i) curves were fitted into a polarization model to obtain the area specific ohmic resistance, exchange current density (anodic and cathodic), anodic limiting current density, cathodic limiting current density, and effective binary diffusivity of hydrogen and water vapor in the anode as well as that of oxygen and nitrogen in the cathode. The cell was also tested at with various compositions of humidified hydrogen to simulate the effect of practical fuel utilization on the performance of single cells. The V-i curves obtained in various fuel compositions were successfully modeled by fitting only the exchange current density. Anodic and cathodic activation polarizations and the exchange current densities at various fuel compositions were determined. An analytical model describing reaction at the anode triple-phase boundaries was postulated based on the relationship between the anodic exchange current density and the hydrogen partial pressure in the fuel. The model predicted that the formation of water molecules from adsorbed hydrogen and hydroxyl radical was the rate-determining step in the anodic reaction.
A Viscosity Correlation for Gas-Saturated Crude Oils (1959)

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 216, 1959, pages 23–25. Abstract A correlation is presented for predicting the viscosity of gas-saturated crude oils under reservoir conditions. It is based on the dead oil viscosity and the solution GOR. The correlation was developed from a study which showed that at a fixed solution GOR, the relation between the gas-saturated oil viscosities and the corresponding dead oil viscosities is a straight line on logarithmic coordinates. Data from 457 crude oil samples from the major producing areas of the U.S., Canada and South America were used. The best straight lines through the data were fitted by the method of least squares with a digital computer. The correlation is presented in the form of an equation and also in a convenient graphical form. Introduction The viscosity of gas-saturated crude oils under reservoir conditions is an important physical property used in reservoir engineering calculations. Many difficulties are inherent in the sampling of gas-saturated oils and in the laboratory measurement of their viscosities. Therefore, it is frequently neither possible nor convenient to obtain measured values, so the viscosity must be estimated from other, more readily available data. This paper presents a correlation for predicting the viscosity of gas-saturated crude oils. The correlation is based on the amount of gas in solution and the viscosity of the dead oil at the temperature of interest. A previous correlation of these variables was presented by Bear. In comparison, the correlation presented here extends to a higher GOR and to a lower dead oil viscosity. Over the range of variables covered by both, this correlation is based on approximately 11 times as many oil samples. Development of Correlation A study was made of the variables or parameters which could be used to relate the viscosity of a gas-saturated oil to its dead oil viscosity. Preference was given to those variables which are easily and commonly measured in the field or in the laboratory. It was found that either the differential liquid formation volume factor or the solution GOR of the gas-saturated oil could be used as a correlating parameter. The solution GOR was selected for the correlation because of its simplicity and availability.
Resistance mechanisms in<i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> (2013)

Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of food-borne gastroenteritis worldwide. While mortality is low, morbidity imparted by post-infectious sequelae such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, Reiter syndrome/reactive arthritis and irritable bowel syndrome is significant. In addition, the economic cost is high due to lost productivity. Food animals, particularly poultry, are the main reservoirs of C. jejuni. The over-use of antibiotics in the human population and in animal husbandry has led to an increase in antibiotic-resistant infections, particularly with fluoroquinolones. This is problematic because C. jejuni gastroenteritis is clinically indistinguishable from that caused by other bacterial pathogens, and such illnesses are usually treated empirically with fluoroquinolones. Since C. jejuni is naturally transformable, acquisition of additional genes imparting antibiotic resistance is likely. Therefore, an understanding of the antibiotic resistance mechanisms in C. jejuni is needed to provide proper therapy both to the veterinary and human populations.
Real-Time Embedded Implementation of the Binary Mask Algorithm for Hearing Prosthetics (2013)

In this paper, we present a real-time embedded implementation of the binary masking algorithm, which has been shown to significantly improve speech-in-noise intelligibility. Our real-time implementation relies on a balance of parallel processing and hardware pipelining. We have tested and evaluated our implementation on a Spartan 3A FPGA. The measured latency was 8.5 ms . The highest measured improvement in short-time objective intelligibility was 85%.
Microwave ablation for tachycardia (2003)

Application of microwave energy delivered through a probe and a catheter in open- and closed-chest dogs to induce atrio-ventricular block is described. Several microwave antennas/catheters with a preferential power deposition at the tip were designed, constructed and tested. These antennas were designed for operation at 2450 MHz. Measurements in saline and tissue-equivalent liquid phantoms showed greatly increased heating at the tips of these antennas. The antenna consisted of flexible coaxial cables (1.78 mm OD) with a thin, semigrid brass sleeve just proximal to the tip. The entire antenna was insulated except for the tip and could be used for recording bipolar electrograms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Low-order optical whispering-gallery modes in hexagonal nanocavities (2005)

We present a detailed numerical analysis of the lowest-order resonant modes of a hexagonal dielectric cavity. Our investigations include resonant wave numbers, linewidths, mode patterns, and their dependency on the refractive index. On the basis of our theoretical results, we are able to simulate the resonance spectra of individual hexagonal zinc oxide nanocavities without a free parameter. A superposition of Lorenzian resonance lines leads to perfect agreement with experimental data obtained from polarization-resolved micro-photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. Series of radially higher-order modes are theoretically predicted and experimentally observed. Therefore, we present a consistent description of the resonance behavior of a hexagonal dielectric optical cavity on nanoscopic scale.
Depression and the dynamics of smoking. A national perspective (1990)

Data from multiple studies suggest that depression plays a role in cigarette smoking. To obtain a national perspective on the role of depression in the dynamics of smoking, we analyzed data from the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. We used the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale to assess symptoms of depression and used the standard cutoff (score, greater than or equal to 16) for defining persons as depressed. The cross-sectional analysis of the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey showed that the prevalence of current smokers increased as the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score increased, whereas the quit ratio (former smokers/ever smokers) decreased as the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score increased. Among the cohort of smokers in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, the estimated incidence of quitting after 9 years of follow-up was 9.9% for depressed smokers and 17.7% for nondepressed smokers. When we adjusted for amount smoked, sex, age, and educational attainment by means of a Cox proportional hazards model, we found that depressed smokers were 40% less likely to have quit compared with nondepressed smokers (relative risk, 0.6). These findings suggest that depression plays an important role in the dynamics of cigarette smoking in the United States.
Automatically detecting deceptive criminal identities (2004)

The criminal mind is no match for some of the latest technology designed to determine fact from fiction in suspect identities.
The Trialkylborane-initiated Graft Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate onto Hemoglobin (1971)

Abstract The graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate by trialkylborane onto hemoglobin has been studied at 37°C. In aqueous media, graft copolymers were obtained in the form of a light brown powder or granules, while no grafting occurred in organic solvents, such as cyclohexanone, n-hexane, tetrahydrofuran, and toluene. The presence of water seems to be essential to the grafting. The hydrogen peroxide-decomposing property of hemoglobin was well preserved in the graft copolymers so obtained. The mechanism of the initiation is discussed.
Principled Approaches to the Design of Multi-Robot Systems (2004)

Coordinated multi-robot systems (MRS) have been successfully demonstrated in a variety of task domains. However, the design of these systems is typically ad hoc and centered around resource-intensive trial-and-error design processes. To fully exploit the power and potentials of MRS, the community is in need of additional principled design methodologies. In this paper, we present an overview of our ongoing work on three different principled methodologies, each of which addresses a different type of MRS, based on the scale of the system or mechanisms by which coordination is achieved. First, we present a formal study and analysis of task allocation in MRS, including a domain-independent taxonomy of multi-robot task allocation (MRTA) problems. Second, we present a principled controller design methodology for MRS executing sequential tasks. This design methodology provides a formal framework which serves as the foundation for an integrated set of systematic MRS controller synthesis and analysis methods. Third, we discuss the application of a formal analytical approach to the study of large-scale MRS motivated by work from the physics community. Through the use of principled methods such as these, we hope to provide a formal footing for the design of MRS. I.
Characterization of the microflora of the human axilla (2003)

It is widely accepted that axillary malodour is attributable to the microbial biotransformation of odourless, natural secretions into volatile odorous products. Consequently, there is a need to understand the microbial ecology of the axilla in order that deodorant products, which control microbial action in this region, can be developed in the appropriate manner. A detailed characterization of the axillary microflora of a group of human volunteers has been performed. The axillary microflora is composed of four principal groups of bacteria (staphylococci, aerobic coryneforms, micrococci and propionibacteria), and the yeast genus Malassezia. Results indicated that the axillary microflora was dominated by either staphylococcal or aerobic coryneform species. Comparisons between axillary bacterial numbers and levels of axillary odour demonstrated the greatest association between odour levels and the presence of aerobic coryneforms in the under-arm. As the taxonomy of cutaneous aerobic coryneforms is poorly understood, a further study was conducted to characterize selected axillary aerobic coryneform isolates. Using the molecular technique of 16S rDNA sequencing, selected genomic sequences of a number of axillary aerobic coryneform isolates were obtained. Comparisons with sequence databases indicated the likely presence of a range of Corynebacterium species on axillary skin, although the majority of isolates were most similar to either Corynebacterium G-2 CDC G5840 or C. mucifaciens DMMZ 2278. Although for a panel of individuals differences in the carriage of Corynebacterium species were noted, similar species were carried by a number of panellists. All isolates examined in this limited evaluation failed to demonstrate the capability to metabolize long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) to shorter chain, more volatile products. The application of this modern molecular phylogenetic technique has increased understanding of the diversity of aerobic coryneform carriage in the axilla, and on human skin. The application of this technique in other studies to assess the ethnic differences in cutaneous bacterial ecology, or the effects on the microflora of specific product use, will assist in the future development of novel deodorant systems.
The Self-Organizing Symbiotic Agent (1998)

In [N. A. Baas, Emergence, Hierarchies, and Hyper-structures, in C.G. Langton ed., Artificial Life III, Addison Wesley, 1994.] a general framework for the study of Emergence and hyper-structure was presented. This approach is mostly concerned with the description of such systems. In this paper we will try to bring forth a different aspect of this model we feel will be useful in the engineering of agent based solutions, namely the symbiotic approach. In this approach a self-organizing method of dividing the more complex "main-problem" to a hyper-structure of "sub-problems" with the aim of reducing complexity is desired. A description of the general problem will be given along with some instances of related work. This paper is intended to serve as an introductory challenge for general solutions to the described problem.
Fabrication of Thin Film LiCo0.5Ni0.5 O 2 Cathode for Li Rechargeable Microbattery (1996)

thin film cathodes were fabricated by electron beam evaporation and postannealing in oxygen atmosphere. As‐deposited film showed almost amorphous characteristics, but included some crystalline phases. Hexagonal phase of was formed in the films annealed between 500 and 700°C. The crystallinity of the film was improved as the annealing temperature increased to 700°C. Open‐circuit voltage (OCV) curves were measured. Especially, the film annealed at 700°C for 10 min showed a similar OCV curve to that of bulk powder cathode. It can be suggested that thin film is suitable for the cathode of Li rechargeable microbattery.
Wetting Mode Evolution of Steam Dropwise Condensation on Superhydrophobic Surface in the Presence of Noncondensable Gas (2011)

It is well known that heat transfer in dropwise condensation (DWC) is superior to that in filmwise condensation (FWC) by at least one order of magnitude. Surfaces with larger contact angle (CA) can promote DWC heat transfer due to the formation of “bare” condensation surface caused by the rapid removal of large condensate droplets and high surface replenishment frequency. Superhydrophobic surfaces with high contact angle (> 150°) of water and low contact angle hysteresis (< 5°) seem to be an ideal condensing surface to promote DWC and enhance heat transfer, in particular, for the steam-air mixture vapor. In the present paper, steam DWC heat transfer characteristics in the presence of noncondensable gas (NCG) were investigated experimentally on superhydrophobic and hydrophobic surfaces including the wetting mode evolution on the roughness-induced superhydrophobic surface. It was found that with increasing NCG concentration, the droplet conducts a transition from the Wenzel to Cassie-Baxter mode. And a new condensate wetting mode—a condensate sinkage mode—was observed, which can help to explain the effect of NCG on the condensation heat transfer performance of steam-air mixture on a roughness-induced superhydrophobic SAM-1 surface.
The coaxial transistor (1949)

The success of the earlier types of transistors led to the exploration of other forms of similar amplifiers, one of which is the coaxial transistor. A description of its construction, characteristics, and many advantages are contained in this article.
Pilot, Prospective, Randomized, Double-masked, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial of an Omega-3 Supplement for Dry Eye (2010)

Dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids in dry eye showed no significant effect in meibum lipid composition or aqueous tear evaporation rate. On the other hand, the average tear production and tear volume was increased in the omega-3 group as indicated by both Schirmer testing and fluorophotometry.
New measure of coding gain for space-time trellis codes (2002)

The existing measures of coding gain for the space-time trellis code do not adequately evaluate coding gain for frame error rate. In this paper, a new measure of coding gain is proposed. The space-time trellis code having the largest proposed measure of coding gain is obtained through computer search.
Effect of Stress on Certain Pork Carcass Characteristics and Eating Quality (1962)

Data were presented which indicate that the stress from periodic electrical stimulation prior to slaughter significantly increased the following: the pH of the psoas major and quadriceps femoris muscles; the tenderness scores of fresh ham slices, psoas major and quadriceps femoris muscles; the texture score of the fresh psoas major muscle; the juiciness scores of the fresh psoas major and quadriceps femoris muscles; and the aroma score of fresh quadriceps femoris muscle. This treatment significantly decreased the following: the aroma score of fresh loin chops, the evaporation loss in cooking the psoas major and quadriceps femoris muscles; the shear force value of the psoas major and quadriceps femoris muscles, the total water loss and dry matter loss in cooking all three muscles; the time for rigor to set in; the two-tone score of the ham; and the yield of the shoulder. These studies support the conclusion that stress prior to slaughter has no detrimental effect on the eating quality of pork.
Adhesion of diamond-like carbon films on polymers: an assessment of the validity of the scratch test technique applied to flexible substrates (1994)

The validity of the scratch test as a method of assessing the adhesion of diamond-like carbon (DLC) on polymers has been studied. Sheets of 12 μm thick polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and 100 μm thick polypropylene (PP) were adhesively bonded to glass slides in order to perform the scratch tests. The critical load is defined as the load at which tensile cracks occur in the coating homogeneously throughout the scratch. It is shown that the type and the thickness of the adhesive used have an influence on the critical load value. However, the calculated values of the interfacial shear strength do not depend on the adhesive thickness, and qualitative results in agreement with the literature have thus been obtained. The influence of a nitrogen plasma pretreatment on the adhesion of DLC films on PET and PP has been determined by both scratch test and tensile test techniques. The results follow the same trend and show that the scratch test technique is a good tool for semi-quantitative comparisons.
The efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy with <i>Dermatophagoides farinae</i> vaccine in a murine atopic dermatitis model (2014)

The mouse model induced by Der f allergen extract reflected the typical hallmarks of human AD. In the Der f allergens-sensitized mice, SLIT treatment with Der f vaccine was shown to significantly inhibit AD symptoms through correction of Th2 and Th1 cytokine predominance. Our study suggested that SLIT could be considered as an attractive treatment for patients with extrinsic AD.
Why the market is ready for a non-isolated DC/DC power module standard (2004)

The migration to intermediate bus architectures (IBAs) is driving an increase in the use of nonisolated DC/DC power modules. Footprint standardization could be the next evolutionary step in the nonisolated power module industry. This paper will discuss why the market is ready for standardization and describe the effort by industry leading power module manufacturers to introduce a standard footprint.