gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
4-D spatial perception established through hypercube recognition tasks using interactive visualization system with 3-D screen (2015)

We have developed an interactive 4-D visualization system that employed the principal vanishing points operation as a method to control the movement of the eye-point and the change in the viewing direction in 4-D space. Different from conventional 4-D visualization and interaction techniques, the system can provide intuitive observation of 4-D space and objects by projecting them onto 3D space in real time from various positions and directions in 4-D space. Our next challenge is to examine whether humans are able to develop a spatial perception of 4-D space and objects through 4-D experiences provided by the system. In this paper, as the first step toward our aim, we assessed whether participants were able to get intuitive spatial understanding of 4-D objects. In the evaluation experiment, firstly, the participants learned a structure of a hypercube. Then, we evaluated their spatial perception developed in the learning period by tasks of controlling the 4-D eye-point and reconstructing the hypercube from a set of its 3-D projection drawings. The results indicated evidence for that humans were able to get 4-D spatial perception by operating the system.
SONYC (2019)

SONYC integrates sensors, machine listening, data analytics, and citizen science to address noise pollution in New York City.
A novel continuous time ternary encoding based SS-OCT calibration (2016)

In this paper we exhibit a low-complexity asynchronous sampling technique for calibration of swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) systems. In the proposed scheme, the amplitude content of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) signal is equalized by means of a square law envelope detector. Continuous time ternary encoding (CT-TE) is then performed on this constant amplitude MZI signal to generate a k-linear sampling clock used to non-uniform sample a simultaneously captured interferometer signal at the correct time instances. This scheme allows the SS-OCT system operator to determine the required number of points for image reconstruction without the need for hardware modification. Simulation shows tant amount results with Hilbert transform based calibration techniques, while maintaining a lower computational complexity rendering it suitable for real-time applications.
Pathogenesis and etiology of osteoporosis (2001)

Osteoporosis is the most common generalized disorder of bone and affects hundreds of millions of women and men worldwide. But it involves more men than women and its morbidity varies with age. The causes of primary steoporosis may be of estrogen deficiency, effects of cytokines, elevated level of parathyroid hormone, insufficiency of vitamin D, lowered level of calcitonin and insufficiency of androgen, etc.Nutritional factors can also cause osteoporosis, for instance, long term deficiency of calcium and protein.Uselessness of bone and inheritance also have relation with osteoporosis. Therefore,combined therapy and methods should be rsed for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
Direct Observation of Atomic Scale Graphitic Layer Growth (2008)

The demand for better understanding of the mechanism of soot formation is driven by the negative environmental and health impact brought about by the burning of fossil fuels. While soot particles accumulate most of their mass from surface reactions, the mechanism for surface growth has so far been characterized primarily by measurements of the kinetics. Here we provide atomic-scale scanning tunneling microscope images of carbon growth by chemistry similar to that of importance in soot formation. At a temperature of 625 K, exposure of the surface of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite to 1 Langmuir of acetylene leads to the formation of both graphitic and amorphous carbonaceous material at the edges of nanoscale pits. Given the similarity of the electronic structure at these graphite defect sites to that of soot material growing in flames at higher temperatures, the present studies shed light on the mechanism for soot growth. These experiments also suggest that healing of defect sites in graphene nanostructures, which are of considerable interest as novel electronic devices, should be possible at modest surface temperatures by exposure of defected graphene to unsaturated hydrocarbons.
一路问情，一路灌水——一路问情自动灌水机破解分析 (2007)

一路问情？其实并不真的是问情，它是一个论坛名称!一路灌水，当然是一路灌水了，不然哪来那么多灌水狂？这一次的目标是一路问情出品的一个论坛自动灌水机，相信很多人都用过此类灌水机。闲来无事，偶然发现这么一款灌水机，很自然的就想看看它的注册验证机制，于是就有了本文。
CORTICOSTEROID INVOLVEMENT IN THE CHANGES IN NORADRENERGIC RESPONSIVENESS OF TISSUES FROM RATS MADE HYPERTENSIVE BY SHORT‐TERM ISOLATION (1978)

1 The responses to noradrenaline and to noradrenergic nerve stimulation of spontaneously beating right atria, electrically driven left atria and vasa deferentia taken from rats made hypertensive by short-term isolation have been compared with the responses of tissues from normotensive, group-housed animals.2 Adrenocortical activity of isolated animals was assessed by plasma corticosterone determinations and measurement of adrenal weights.3 The hearts of the isolated animals were weighed and the myocardial contents of water, sodium, potassium and calcium were measured.4 Spontaneously beating right atria from isolated animals showed a lower resting rate, no difference in the response to nerve stimulation but a greater sensitivity to noradrenaline compared to atria from group-housed animals.5 Vasa deferentia from isolated animals showed a decreased maximal response to noradrenaline, but no change in noradrenaline sensitivity or in the response to transmural stimulation.6 There were indications of hyperactivity of the adrenals throughout a 5 week period of isolation, manifest as elevated plasma corticosteroid levels and increased adrenal weights.7 Myocardial levels of sodium and calcium were elevated at the same time as the tissue level of potassium was reduced, but heart weights did not significantly change.8 It is possible that adrenal steroid action caused the changes in tissue ionic balance. These ionic disturbances may have been responsible for some of the changes in tissue sensitivity found in the isolated hypertensive animals.
Identification and purification of a 62,000-dalton protein that binds specifically to the polypyrimidine tract of introns. (1989)

A protein of molecular size 62,000 daltons (p62) was detected in HeLa cell nuclear extracts by UV cross-linking to mRNA precursors. p62 binds specifically to the polypyrimidine tract of the 3' splice site region of introns. p62 purified to homogeneity binds the polypyrimidine tract of pre-mRNAs. This binding does not require the AG dinucleotide at the 3' splice site. Alterations in the polypyrimidine tract that reduce the binding of p62 yield a corresponding reduction in the efficiency of formation of a U2 snRNP/pre-mRNA complex and splicing. The p62 protein is retained in the spliceosome, where it remains bound to the pre-mRNA. This polypyrimidine tract binding protein (pPTB) is proposed to be a critical component in recognition of the 3' splice site during splicing.
Low-noise high gain dispersion compensating broadband Raman amplifier (2002)

Raman gain module compensating for both loss and dispersion of a 40 km standard telecommunication fiber span over the 1510-1565 nm band is reported. The optimized configuration ensures a low signal-spontaneous noise figure and negligible double Rayleigh scattering noise. The high gain margin of the amplifier makes it applicable for compensation of an 80 km span.
Overlapped digital subarray architecture for multiple beam phased array rada (2011)

MIT Lincoln Laboratory is conducting a technology demonstration of affordable Multifunction Phased Array Radar (MPAR) technology for Next Generation air traffic control and national weather surveillance services. Aggressive cost and performance goals have been established for the system. The array architecture and its realization using custom Transmit and Receive Integrated Circuits and a panel-based Line Replaceable Unit (LRU) will be presented. A program plan for risk reduction and system demonstration will be outlined.
The Matrix Attachment Region-Binding Protein SATB1 Participates in Negative Regulation of Tissue-Specific Gene Expression (1997)

The nuclear matrix has been implicated in several cellular processes, including DNA replication, transcription, and RNA processing. In particular, transcriptional regulation is believed to be accomplished by binding of chromatin loops to the nuclear matrix and by the concentration of specific transcription factors near these matrix attachment regions (MARs). A number of MAR-binding proteins have been identified, but few have been directly linked to tissue-specific transcription. Recently, we have identified two cellular protein complexes (NBP and UBP) that bind to a region of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) long terminal repeat (LTR) previously shown to contain at least two negative regulatory elements (NREs) termed the promoter-proximal and promoter-distal NREs. These NREs are absent from MMTV strains that cause T-cell lymphomas instead of mammary carcinomas. We show here that NBP binds to a 22-bp sequence containing an imperfect inverted repeat in the promoter-proximal NRE. Previous data showed that a mutation (p924) within the inverted repeat elevated basal transcription from the MMTV promoter and destabilized the binding of NBP, but not UBP, to the proximal NRE. By using conventional and affinity methods to purify NBP from rat thymic nuclear extracts, we obtained a single major protein of 115 kDa that was identified by protease digestion and partial sequencing analysis as the nuclear matrix-binding protein special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1). Antibody ablation, distamycin inhibition of binding, renaturation and competition experiments, and tissue distribution data all confirmed that the NBP complex contained SATB1. Similar types of experiments were used to show that the UBP complex contained the homeodomain protein Cux/CDP that binds the MAR of the intronic heavy-chain immunoglobulin enhancer. By using the p924 mutation within the MMTV LTR upstream of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene, we generated two strains of transgenic mice that had a dramatic elevation of reporter gene expression in lymphoid tissues compared with reporter gene expression in mice expressing wild-type LTR constructs. Thus, the 924 mutation in the SATB1-binding site dramatically elevated MMTV transcription in lymphoid tissues. These results and the ability of the proximal NRE in the MMTV LTR to bind to the nuclear matrix clearly demonstrate the role of MAR-binding proteins in tissue-specific gene regulation and in MMTV-induced oncogenesis.
Konzentrationspolarisation bei vorgelagerter chemischer Reaktion im Elektrolyten und ihr Anteil am stationären Polarisationswiderstand beim Gleichgewichtspotential (1951)

Article Konzentrationspolarisation bei vorgelagerter chemischer Reaktion im Elektrolyten und ihr Anteil am stationären Polarisationswiderstand beim Gleichgewichtspotential was published on April 1, 1951 in the journal Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie (volume 197, issue 1).
Augmentation of Limb Perfusion and Reversal of Tissue Ischemia Produced by Ultrasound-Mediated Microbubble Cavitation (2015)

Increases in muscle blood flow during high-power ultrasound are markedly amplified by the intravascular presence of microbubbles and can reverse tissue ischemia. These effects are most likely mediated by cavitation-related increases in shear and activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
Interpreting communicative goals in constrained domains using generation and interactive negotiation (2004)

This article presents an approach to interpret the content of documents in constrained domains at the level of communicative goals. The kind of knowledge used contains descriptions of well-formed document contents and texts that can be produced from them. The automatic analysis of text content is followed by an interactive negotiation phase involving an expert of the class of documents. Motivating reasons are given for an application of this approach, document normalization, and an implemented system is briefly introduced.
Anti-inflammaging and antiglycation activity of a novel botanical ingredient from African biodiversity (Centevita&trade;) (2013)

These results qualify C. asiatica purified extract as an antiaging ingredient, addressing skin damage caused by inflammaging and glycation by relying on the synergy of triterpens and polyphenolics.
Using independent open-to-closed transitions to simplify aggregated Markov models of ion channel gating kinetics (2005)

Deducing plausible reaction schemes from single-channel current traces is time-consuming and difficult. The goal is to find the simplest scheme that fits the data, but there are many ways to connect even a small number of states (>2 million schemes with four open and four closed states). Many schemes make identical predictions. An exhaustive search over model space does not address the many equivalent schemes that will result. We have found a canonical form that can express all reaction schemes for binary channels. This form has the minimal number of rate constants for any rank (number of independent open-closed transitions), unlike other canonical forms such as the well established “uncoupled” scheme. Because all of the interconductance transitions in the new form are independent, we refer to it as the manifest interconductance rank (MIR) form. In the case of four open and four closed states, there are four MIR form schemes, corresponding to ranks 1-4. For many models proposed in the literature for specific ion channels, the equivalent MIR form has dramatically fewer links than the uncoupled form. By using the MIR form we prove that all rank 1 topologies with a given number of open and closed states make identical predictions in steady state, thus narrowing the search space for simple models. Moreover, we prove that fitting to canonical form preserves detailed balance. We also propose an efficient hierarchical algorithm for searching for the simplest possible model consistent with a given data set.
Molecular cloning and expression pattern of genes from a 470 Kb region near BRCA1 locus on chromosome 17q21. (1995)

We have used direct cDNA selection to isolate expressed sequences from a set of four overlapping YACs, spanning approximately 470 kb of the chromosomal interval 17q21 centromeric to BRCA1 gene. Thirty-eight nonoverlapping unique cDNA fragments were identified in this region. Twenty-two of the selected cDNAs showed complete identity with known genes and expressed sequence tags. Two of these cDNAs shared sequence homology with genes known to encode potential DNA binding motifs and hence could function in transcriptional regulation. The remaining 16 unique cDNA fragments showed no significant similarity to sequences in the databases and could potentially encode novel genes. Northern analysis of the novel cDNAs showed differential expression in various tissues, supporting the transcribed nature of these sequences. Our results place the gene for a G-protein coupled receptor (GPR2) previously mapped to 17q within a 400 kb region on 17q21.
Toward moving public safety networks (2016)

Fourth generation LTE has been selected by U.S. federal and EU authorities to be the technology for public safety networks that would allow first responders to seamlessly communicate between agencies and across geographical locations in tactical and emergency scenarios. From Release 11 on, 3GPP has been developing and specifying dedicated nationwide public safety broadband networks that will be scalable, robust, and resilient, and can address the specific communication needs of emergency services. In this realm, the requirements and scenarios for isolated E-UTRAN with no or limited backhaul access to the core network are still in progress. In this article, we survey possible public safety use cases with the induced network topologies, discuss the current status of the 3GPP standards, and highlight future challenges. We further elaborate on the need to support mobile backhauling in moving-cell scenarios and describe two LTEbased solutions to enable dynamic meshing among the base stations.
Medical Cannabis Laws and Opioid Analgesic Overdose Mortality in the United States, 1999-2010 (2014)

Medical cannabis laws are associated with significantly lower state-level opioid overdose mortality rates. Further investigation is required to determine how medical cannabis laws may interact with policies aimed at preventing opioid analgesic overdose.
Some Observations on the Kroll Process for Titanium (1954)

A series of small‐scale Kroll process reductions, carried to varying degrees of completion, were opened and examined to obtain information concerning the mechanism of the reduction. Experiments made to determine the cause of zonal variations of hardness in the crude sponge made by the Kroll process indicate this effect is due largely to impurities in the magnesium.
A Metal–Carbene Carbohydrate Amphiphile as a Low‐Molecular‐Mass Organometallic Gelator (2003)

Stranded solvents: The aminocarbene chromium complex shown forms fiberlike aggregates of several μm length by self-assembly through noncovalent interactions. These strands allow an efficient immobilization of organic solvents in the form of a gel. The carbohydrate head group may induce supramolecular chirality in the aggregates.
What's in a Translation Rule (2004)

Abstract : We propose a theory that gives formal semantics to word-level alignments defined over parallel corpora. We use our theory to introduce a linear algorithm that can be used to derive from word-aligned, parallel corpora the minimal set of syntactically motivated transformation rules that explain human translation data.
TrialDB: A web-based Clinical Study Data Management System. (2003)

Clinical Study Data Management Systems (CSDMSs) are a class of software that support centralized management of data generated during the conduct of clinical studies. Commercial CSDMSs include Oracle Clinical, ClinTrial and MetaTrial. Such systems, which are typically deployed at an institutional or organizational level, must accommodate diverse types of data from different clinical domains that is generated by different groups of clinical investigators. Large-scale CSDMSs typically employ a high-end database engine that is usually accessed over an intranet or the Internet using Web-based technologies. CSDMSs in institution-wide use for a variety of clinical domains are best served by entity-attribute-value (EAV) modeling for the clinical data: all the commercial CSDMSs that we are aware of use EAV design. However, de novo development of EAV databases for data management is a challenging task. A large body of generic metadata-driven code must be developed before a basic EAV application can be written. Clearly, the availability of pre-existing software with the requisite functionality would be very valuable. We will discuss the benefits of such software being in open-source form.
Demonstration of adaptive PMD compensation at 40 Gb/s (2002)

We report for the first time the full experimental assessment of an adaptive PMD compensator at 40 Gb/s over realistic PMD statistics. Results, consolidated by numerical simulations, show that the PMD limit is raised from 4 to 8 ps with the compensator.
Progression of carcinoma cells is associated with alterations in chromatin structure and factor binding at the E-cadherin promoter in vivo. (1995)

E-cadherin has been identified as a tumor (invasion) suppressor gene, which is mutated in 50% of diffuse-type human gastric carcinomas. In other carcinomas, the expression of E-cadherin is down-regulated in the poorly differentiated cells such as from breast, bladder, lung and colon. We have here examined the in vivo properties of the genomic E-cadherin promoter in well and poorly differentiated carcinoma cell lines in order to gain insights into the mechanisms of E-cadherin down-regulation in tumors. In vivo footprinting analysis revealed that positive regulatory elements of the E-cadherin promoter (a GC-rich region, the CCAAT-box and a palindromic element) are specifically bound by transcription factors in E-cadherin-expressing but not in non-expressing cells. The tested cell systems include more than a dozen carcinomas cell lines as well as mammary epithelial cells where E-cadherin expression can be switched off by activation of a Fos-estrogen receptor fusion protein and rhabdomyosarcoma cells where E-cadherin expression was induced by transfection with E1A. Mapping of DNase I hypersensitive sites showed that the chromatin structure in the promoter region is loosened in expressing but condensed in non-expressing cells. Furthermore, the endogenous E-cadherin promoter is specifically methylated at CpG sites in the undifferentiated cells. We also show that the in vivo properties of the promoter in E-caherin-negative carcinoma cells are similar as in mesenchymal cells, i.e. fibroblasts or sarcoma cells. These data suggest that silencing of the E-cadherin promoter during epithelialmesenchymal transition and tumor progression is due to a loss of factor binding in vivo and to chromatin rearrangement in the regulatory region.
Ultrasound elastography: How can it help in differentiating breast lesions? (2018)

Introduction: Elastography is considered a non-invasive imaging modality which determines the tumors according to their stiffness. Strain images representing the stiffness of the lesions compared to that of the surrounding normal tissue. Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the real-time sonoelastography together with B-mode US for distinguishing benign from malignant breast lesions. Methods: The study was conducted on 80 patients, each patient was subjected to complete history taking, thorough clinical examination. All patients had conventional US and elastography using Hitachi 7.5 MHz linear probe (Hitachi hi vision avirus ultrasound), while only in 68 patients mammography was done. Results: Among the 80 patients, sensitivity and specificity of the elastography test of breast lesions according to the elastography score were 80% and 80.95% respectively, while sensitivity and specificity of conventional B mode US were 80% and 76% respectively and the combined B mode US and US elastography showed higher sensitivity and specificity of 86.6% and 90.4% respectively. Conclusion: Elastography is a non-invasive imaging technique which is done in the same session of ultrasound in an attempt to increase and improve the accuracy of diagnostic efficiency of ultrasound. Keywords: Sonoelastography (SE), Breast cancer, Ultrasound, Strain ratio (SR)
Introduction (2014)

Teacher educators in Australia and around the world must endure the pervasive presence of their critics. As those working in Australian teacher education are all too well aware, there has been a major state or national inquiry into teacher education almost yearly for the last 30 (Dinham & Scott, 2012). In fact, there have been so many critiques and inquiries into Australian teacher education that Louden (2008) wrote of the “101 damnations” of teacher education.
Issues, Problems and Solutions in Sharing X Clients on Multiple Displays (1994)

Many computer conferencing systems based on the X Window System have recently emerged. While these systems hold the promise for fostering collaboration among groups of geographically separated individuals, they are, at present, difficult to build because the X programming model does not support conferencing. This paper describes the salient problems that face the designers of X-based shared window systems and provides solutions and implementation principles for addressing the problems. The enumeration of issues and solutions is based on our experiences with XTV — an X-based shared window system we have developed.