gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nucleophilic addition to olefins. 6. Structure-reactivity relationships in the reactions of substituted benzylidene Meldrum's acids with water, hydroxide ion, and aryloxide ions (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleophilic addition to olefins. 6. Structure-reactivity relationships in the reactions of substituted benzylidene Meldrum's acids with water, hydroxide ion, and aryloxide ionsClaude F. Bernasconi and Gianni D. LeonarduzziCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 19, 5133–5142Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00383a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00383a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Joint Digital Signal Processing for Superchannel Coherent Optical Systems: Joint CD Compensation for Joint ICI Cancellation (2012)

A joint digital signal processing strategy for superchannel systems is introduced and demonstrated to improve system performance over 1280-km SSMF. Joint chromatic dispersion compensation is shown to enable joint inter-channel interference cancellation dramatically reducing spectral generation and detection constraints within superchannel systems.
Raw materials for the fruit juice industry (2010)

The constant availability of raw materials for the fruit juice industry during the 2009 period, did not run as smoothly as some would have predicted. And the prospects for 2010 are definitely no different - just more challenging!
TRIM25 in the Regulation of the Antiviral Innate Immunity (2017)

TRIM25 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase enzyme that is involved in various cellular processes, including regulation of the innate immune response against viruses. TRIM25-mediated ubiquitination of the cytosolic pattern recognition receptor RIG-I is an essential step for initiation of the intracellular antiviral response and has been thoroughly documented. In recent years, however, additional roles of TRIM25 in early innate immunity are emerging, including negative regulation of RIG-I, activation of the melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5-mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein-TRAF6 antiviral axis and modulation of p53 levels and activity. In addition, the ability of TRIM25 to bind RNA may uncover new mechanisms by which this molecule regulates intracellular signaling and/or RNA virus replication.
Scaffold-hopping and hybridization based design and building block strategic synthesis of pyridine-annulated purines: discovery of novel apoptotic anticancer agents (2015)

A set of novel pyridine annulated purines are considered as potential anticancer agents based on scaffold-hopping and hybridization of known drugs and bioactive agents.
Labeled clustering a unique method to label unsupervised classes (2013)

According to the characteristics of nonlinear, multivariable and multiple constraint of the optimization of reactor, a modified differential evolution algorithm is proposed based on hybrid mutation and diversity-guided strategy. The algorithm carries out two forms of hybrid mutation in a given probability. The search of the individual is guided by the diversity information when carrying out the mutation, namely we change the search direction of the individual and make it escape the center point when the distance between the individual in differential vector or recombinant vector and the center point is less than the given lower limit. The simulation results of separated dry-type air-core reactor show that the HMDGDE algorithm is of stronger global search ability and better stability than the initial differential evolution (DE) algorithm and DE/rand/1/either-or algorithm.
Fault diagnosis and logic debugging using Boolean satisfiability (2005)

Recent advances in Boolean satisfiability have made it an attractive engine for solving many digital very-large-scale-integration design problems. Although useful in many stages of the design cycle, fault diagnosis and logic debugging have not been addressed within a satisfiability-based framework. This work proposes a novel Boolean satisfiability-based method for multiple-fault diagnosis and multiple-design-error diagnosis in combinational and sequential circuits. A number of heuristics are presented that keep the method memory and run-time efficient. An extensive suite of experiments on large circuits corrupted with different types of faults and errors confirm its robustness and practicality. They also suggest that satisfiability captures significant characteristics of the problem of diagnosis and encourage novel research in satisfiability-based diagnosis as a complementary process to design verification.
Longitudinal image deblurring in spiral CT. (1994)

In longitudinal spiral CT reformations, blurring along the longitudinal axis can be reduced by Wiener filtering or constrained iterative deconvolution.
Photoluminescence and wettability control of NiFe/ZnO heterostructure bilayer films (2015)

This work demonstrates the controllability of the physical characteristics of NiFe/ZnO heterostructures which provide valuable multifunctional behaviors for potential novel magnetoelectric applications.
Pharmacogenetic Association of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism on Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk in Relation to Antihypertensive Treatment (2005)

ACE I/D genotype group was not a predictor of CHD, nor did it modify the response to antihypertensive treatment. We conclude that the ACE I/D polymorphism is not a useful marker to predict antihypertensive treatment response.
Statistical issues in randomized trials of cancer screening (2002)

The proposed guidelines combine recent methodological work on screening endpoints and noncompliance/contamination with a new adaptive method to adjust for dilution in a study where follow-up continues after the last screen. These guidelines ensure good practice in the design and analysis of randomized trials of cancer screening.
Expedient Synthesis of Potent Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist (‐)‐CP55,940. (2005)

A stereocontrolled synthesis of (−)-CP55,940, a potent cannabinoid receptor agonist, has been attained using a novel aldolization/retro-aldolization interconversion strategy, in which a temporarily generated chiral aldol motif plays essential roles.
Tagging French (1995)

In this paper we compare two competing approaches to part-of-speech tagging, statistical and constraint-based disambiguation, using French as our test language. We imposed a time limit on our experiment: the amount of time spent on the design of our constraint system was about the same as the time we used to train and test the easy-to-implement statistical model. We describe the two systems and compare the results. The accuracy of the statistical method is reasonably good, comparable to taggers for English. But the constraint-based tagger seems to be superior even with the limited time we allowed ourselves for rule development.
Diazo coupling of catecholamines with poly(organophosphazenes) (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiazo coupling of catecholamines with poly(organophosphazenes)H. R. Allcock, W. C. Hymer, and P. E. AustinCite this: Macromolecules 1983, 16, 9, 1401–1406Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00243a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00243a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Error probabilities for adaptive multichannel reception of binary signals (1962)

Description and performance are given for two slightly different forms of an adaptive receiver that is used with binary signaling in a multichannel communication system. Each channel has a non-dispersive, nonfading propagation path and additive white gaussian noise that is independent of, and equal in intensity to, the other channel noises. Either phase-independent orthogonal signaling (such as FSK) or phase-reversal-comparison signaling is employed to convey to the receiver both the message and information about the path strengths and phases. The receiver measures the path parameters and applies the results to the detection processing as though they were perfectly accurate; it is shown that this procedure is a natural extension of non-adaptive reception. Results are given without derivation for the probability of binary decision error, which depends on the type of signaling, the ratio of the total noise-exclusive signaling energy received to the noise intensity, the number of channels, and the ratio of the effective measurement time to the binary signal duration. The distribution of the received signaling energy among the channels is immaterial. Graphs of error probability are presented for selected system parameters. A novel by-product of the study is an error-probability expression for non-adaptive multichannel reception of quite general binary signaling. Optimal adjustment of the adaptive receiver for fading-path situations is also considered, but corresponding error probabilities have not yet been derived.
Further observations on the efficacy of phenylalanine mustards against mouse melanoma. (1961)

Summary Four phenylalanine nitrogen mustards were tested against the S91 Cloudman melanoma in young male mice. Two of the mustards carried the di(2-chloroethyl)amino group in the meta position but differed in respect to the location of the amino group in the alanine side chain. Likewise, two of the mustards carried the di(2-chloroethyl)-amino group in the para position, again differing, however, in location of the amino group in the alanine side chain. The most effective of the four was the meta mustard derivative of phenyl-dl-a-alanine. The two isomers containing the side chain amino group in the beta position instead of the alpha were of low toxicity and could be employed at much higher dosage levels but were of relatively low potency. In general, the observations reported confirm the findings of Gram, Mosher, and Baker on the appreciably higher potency of the alpha meta mustard as compared with the known potency of the alpha para mustard.
Co-combustion of biomass fuels with coal in a fluidised bed combustor. (2006)

Co-combustion of biomass with coal has been investigated in a 0.15 m diameter and
2.3 m high fluidised bed combustor under various fluidisation and operating
conditions. Biomass materials investigated were chicken waste, rice husk, palm
kernel shells and fibres, refuse derived fuel and wood wastes. These were selected
because they are produced in large quantities particularly in the Far East.
The carbon combustion efficiency was profoundly influenced by the operating and
fluidising parameters in the decreased following order: fuel properties (particle size
and density), coal mass fraction, fluidising velocity, excess air and bed temperature.
The smaller particle size and lower particle density of the fuels (i.e. coal/chicken
waste, coal/rice husk and coal/wood powder), the higher carbon combustion
efficiency obtained in the range of 86-90%, 83-88%, 87-92%, respectively. The
carbon combustion efficiency increases in the range of 3% to 20% as the coal fraction
increased from 0% to 70%, under various fluidisation and operating conditions.
Also, the carbon combustion efficiency increases with increasing excess air from 30-
50% in the range of 5 - 12 % at 50% coal mass fraction in the biomass mixture.
However, further increased of excess air to 70% will reduced the carbon combustion
efficiency. Relatively, increasing fluidising velocity contributed to a greater particle
elutriation rate than the carbon to CO conversion rate and hence increased the
unburned carbon. Furthermore, the bed temperature had insignificant influence of
carbon combustion efficiency among the biomass fuels. Depending upon excess air
ranges, fluctuations of CO emissions between 200 - 1500 ppm were observed when
coal added to almost all biomass mixtures.
In ash analyses, the percentages of unburned carbon were found to have increased in
the range 3 to 30% of the ash content with the increases of coal fraction in the coal!
biomass mixture. Furthermore, no fouling, ash deposition and bed agglomeration was
observed during the combustion runs for all tests due to lower operating bed
temperature applied. Lastly, a simple model was developed to predict the amount of
combustion in the freeboard.
This study demonstrated the capability of co-firing biomass with coal and also
demonstrated the capability to be burnt efficiently in existing coal-fired boilers with
minimum modification.
Peptides as antigens. Importance of orientation. (1986)

Factors known to be important in producing protein-reactive peptide antibodies include the accessibility of the region from which the peptide sequence is derived, the hydrophilic-phobic character of the sequence, and the length of the peptide. The data presented here indicate that the orientation of the peptide coupled to a carrier protein also influences the binding pattern of peptide antibodies. An octapeptide, representing a sequence from the alpha chain of the human acetylcholine receptor, was coupled either through an N- or C-terminal cysteine-glycine-glycine linker to a carrier protein and used to immunize rabbits. The resulting antisera reacted at comparable titers to the uncoupled immunizing peptides, but did not crossreact with the identical but opposite-linked peptide. Characterization of the binding to other homologous peptides showed that immunization with the N-terminal-linked peptide induced antibodies reactive specifically with the C-terminal amino acid(s). Immunization with the C-linked peptide resulted in antibodies reactive with a site of the peptide near the C-terminus.
Robust protein–protein interactions in crowded cellular environments (2007)

The capacity of proteins to interact specifically with one another underlies our conceptual understanding of how living systems function. Systems-level study of specificity in protein-protein interactions is complicated by the fact that the cellular environment is crowded and heterogeneous; interaction pairs may exist at low relative concentrations and thus be presented with many more opportunities for promiscuous interactions compared with specific interaction possibilities. Here we address these questions by using a simple computational model that includes specifically designed interacting model proteins immersed in a mixture containing hundreds of different unrelated ones; all of them undergo simulated diffusion and interaction. We find that specific complexes are quite robust to interference from promiscuous interaction partners only in the range of temperatures T(design) > T > T(rand). At T > T(design), specific complexes become unstable, whereas at T < T(rand), formation of specific complexes is suppressed by promiscuous interactions. Specific interactions can form only if T(design) > T(rand). This condition requires an energy gap between binding energy in a specific complex and set of binding energies between randomly associating proteins, providing a general physical constraint on evolutionary selection or design of specific interacting protein interfaces. This work has implications for our understanding of how the protein repertoire functions and evolves within the context of cellular systems.
Chapter 2: Types of Formats to be Housed (2009)

How do libraries handle a proliferation of non-book items? This issue identifies strategies for smart shelving investments. The author reports on the performance of various shelves and how to plan a versatile, cost-effective shelving system that will provide flexibility for the future.
mTORC1 Inhibition Is an Effective Treatment for Sporadic Renal Angiomyolipoma (2017)

We propose mTORC1 inhibition as an effective treatment option for patients with sporadic AML, which represents the vast majority of patients with this tumor.
Macroporous Polystyrene-Supported Palladium Catalyst Containing a Bulky <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand for Suzuki Reaction of Aryl Chlorides (2008)

Macroporous polystyrene (MPS)-supported 1-mesitylimidazolium chloride resin was prepared by reacting macroporous chloromethyl polystyrene with 1-mesitylimidazole as a supported N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursor for the immobilization of a palladium catalyst. This MPS-supported NHC precursor readily formed a stable complex with Pd(OAc)2, which effectively catalyzed the Suzuki reaction of aryl iodide and bromides at room temperature and even aryl chlorides at elevated temperatures (100 degrees C). This catalyst showed reusability in the Suzuki reaction of aryl bromide.
[Clinicopathologic significance of chromosomal DNA sequence copy number aberrations in patients with colorectal carcinoma]. (2007)

Our findings indicate that genetic aberrations detected by CGH may predict outcome in patients with CRC, and may provide useful information for clinical treatment. Comparative genomic hybridization;
Interferon-signaling pathway: associations with colon and rectal cancer risk and subsequent survival (2011)

Interferons (IFNs) are proteins involved in many functions including antiviral and antimicrobial response, apoptosis, cell cycle control and mediating other cytokines. IFN gamma (IFNG) is a proinflammatory cytokine that modulates many immune-related genes. In this study we examine genetic variation in IFNG, IFNGR1, IFNGR2 and interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) to determine associations with colon and rectal cancer and survival after diagnosis. We include data from two population-based incident studies of colon cancer (1555 cases and 1956 controls) and rectal cancer (754 cases and 959 controls). Five tagSNPs in IFNG, IRF2 and IRF3 were associated with colon cancer and eight tagSNPs in IFNGR1, IFNGR2, IRF2, IRF4, IRF6 and IRF8 were associated with rectal cancer. IRF3 rs2304204 was associated with the strongest direct association and IRF2 3775554 with the strongest inverse association for colon cancer [odds ratios (ORs) 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-1.82 for recessive model and 0.52, 95% CI 0.28-0.97 for unrestricted model]. For rectal cancer, IFNGR1 rs3799488 was directly associated with risk (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.04-5.09 for recessive model), whereas IRF6 rs861020 was inversely associated with risk (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.95). Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms interacted significant with both NF-κB1 and IL6 and with aspirin/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cigarette smoking. Using a summary score to estimate mutational load, we observed a hazard rate ratio (HRR) close to 5.00 (95% CI 2.73-8.99) for both colon and rectal (HRR 4.83, 95% CI 2.34-10.05) cancer for those in the category having the most at-risk genotypes. These data suggest the importance of IFN-signaling pathway on colon and rectal cancer risk and survival after diagnosis.
Developmental expression of a candidate müllerian inhibiting substance type II receptor. (1996)

We have isolated a candidate Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS) type II receptor complementary DNA from an embryonic rat urogenital ridge library and have studied its binding to MIS, its developmental pattern of expression and tissue distribution. By in situ hybridization with a full-length riboprobe, the receptor is expressed in the mesenchymal cells surrounding the Müllerian duct at embryonic days 14, 15, and 16 and in tubular and follicular structures of the rat fetal gonads. Expression of the messenger RNA was also seen in the granules cells and seminiferous tubules of pubertal gonads. Northern analysis revealed that the MIS type II receptor messenger RNA is highly expressed in embryonic, pubertal, and adult testes and ovaries, as well as in the gravid uterus. The timing of expression in the gonads of both sexes was also analyzed by Northern analyses that showed high levels of expression at the time of Müllerian duct regression, much lower levels neonatally and prepubertally and then increased expression again with sexual maturation. The tissue and developmental specificity of expression of this receptor, which make it likely that this is the functional MIS type II receptor, can be used to advantage in therapeutic targeting strategies and to decipher the function of MIS in the gonads.
On precision droplet-based net-form manufacturing technology (2001)

High-precision droplet-based net-form manufacturing of structural components is gaining considerable academic and industrial interest owing to the promise of improved component quality resulting from rapid solidification processing and the economic benefits associated with fabricating a structural component in one integrated operation. A droplet-based net-form manufacturing technique is under development by the authors which is termed precision droplet-based net-form manufacturing (PDM). As the technique exploits the capillary instability phenomenon of liquid jets for producing uniform liquid metal droplets, it allows for a greater control of the thermal state and mass flux of the droplets and thus the microstructure of the deposit can be readily tailored. The principle and the associated technical issues are described and discussed in detail in this paper. Recent progress in the development of PDM is also presented. The preliminary results demonstrated the following four important facts: (a) molten aluminium droplet streams can be generated on a repeatable basis and travel 50.0cm in an inert environment with little degradation in stream stability, (b) components of significant size can be fabricated (i.e. the horizontal square tube is 11.0cm in height), (c) fully dense components can be fabricated with no post-treatment and (d) measured hardness is consistently higher than the raw stock.