gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dose-finding study of interferon alfa-n3 in hepatitis (1997)

Normal Heterozygotes Homozygotes TotalA significant association between genetic hemochromato-A1ATD, liver disease 33 (82.5%) 7 (17.5%)0 (0%) 40 sis (GH) and a 1 -antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD) has been A1ATD, no liver reported by Rabinovitz et al. 1 in patients with severe liver disease 32 (82.1%) 7 (17.9%)0 (0%) 39 disease.It has been suggested that there is an additive effect Controls 159 (86.9%) 22 (12.0%) 2 (1.1%) 183 of hepatic iron storage and hepatocyte damage from the ab-Published data 5 326 (88.6%) 40 (10.9%) 2 (0.5%) 368normally folded PiZ or PiS protein.There could also be some interaction of the mutant A1ATD gene and the hemochromatosis gene by a previously undescribed mechanism, involving a third gene, resulting in liver disease even before hematolog-There is no difference between the hemochromatosis muical evidence of iron accumulation. 1However, Fargion et al. 2 tation frequency in those A1ATD patients with liver disease reported no relationship between these conditions identi-(17.5%) and without liver disease (17.9%).It is of interest fying GH by hematological indices and liver biopsy in pathat the frequency of heterozygotes in patients with A1ATD tients with and without cirrhosis.(17.7%) is higher than in individuals without A1ATD.How-Ninety percent of patients from Britain with GH are homoever, this difference does not reach statistical significance (% zygous for the C282Y (845G r A) mutation in the hemochrodifference: 5.5%; 95% confidence interval: 7.2%-18.2%).Our matosis (HLA-H) gene.Homozygosity for GH is estimated control heterozygote frequency is higher than that published at up to 5 per 1,000 in Europe, 3 with a carrier frequency of for the U.K. British population and represents local popula-10% to 17%.tion variation.To investigate the possibility of an interaction between the These results show that possession of the hemochromatotwo conditions resulting in chronic liver disease, we used sis mutation is not a risk factor for liver disease in A1ATD.molecular biological techniques to study 79 A1ATD patients in the United Kingdom with the PiZZ or PiSZ mutations Acknowledgment: Supported by grant 179, The Children's confirmed by isoelectric focusing.Forty patients were reappeal, Sheffield, UK (to M.J.S.).The authors thank Dr. S. ferred in childhood because of liver disease, and were found Povey for donation of DNA from A1ATD patients and Dr. D. to have fibrosis or cirrhosis on liver biopsy.Thirty-nine indi-Curtis for her assistance with development of the molecular viduals had no evidence of liver disease into adult life, 21 biology techniques.were clinically normal, and 18 had emphysema.We used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restric-MARK J. SHARRARD, M.R.C.P. tion fragment length polymorphism to investigate these pa-MIRANDA DURKIE, B.SC. tients for the C282Y mutation.A modified PCR was devel-M.
[From repressor to aggregulate]. (1993)

In eukaryotic organisms as in prokaryotes, gene expression is controlled mainly at the transcription level. In many cases, this regulation is performed by aggregates of transcription factors for which the name aggregulate is proposed.
Dynamic Model of Peak Period Traffic Congestion with Elastic Arrival Rates (1986)

The paper develops a dynamic model of peak period traffic congestion that considers a limited number of bottlenecks. The model predicts the temporal distribution of traffic volumes with an elastic demand model. In response to changes in the traffic conditions travelers can switch to a different mode, divert to an alternate route, or shift the trip forward or backward in time to avoid a long delay. A simple example would be the case of two parallel routes with travelers jointly selecting route and departure time. The choice of route and mode are dependent on travel times and travel costs. The choice of departure time is based on the trade-off between travel time and schedule delay which is the difference between the actual and the desired arrival times. The delays at the bottlenecks are modeled with a deterministic queueing model that determines waiting time as a function of the length of the queue at the time of arrival at the bottleneck. The day to day adjustment of the distribution of traffic is derived from a dynamic Markovian model. The model is used to perform simulation experiments. The results demonstrate the response of the traffic conditions at the bottlenecks to a change in the system. The model is used to analyze the impacts of alternative pricing policies and preferential treatment of high occupancy vehicles.
Retrospective Analysis of Bacterial and Viral Co-Infections in Pneumocystis spp. Positive Lung Samples of Austrian Pigs with Pneumonia (2016)

Aim of this study was the retrospective investigation of viral (porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), torque teno sus virus type 1 and 2 (TTSuV1, TTSuV2)) and bacterial (Bordetella bronchiseptica (B. b.), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. h.), and Pasteurella multocida (P. m.)) co-infections in 110 Pneumocystis spp. positive lung samples of Austrian pigs with pneumonia. Fifty-one % were positive for PCV2, 7% for PRRSV, 22% for TTSuV1, 48% for TTSuV2, 6% for B. b., 29% for M. h., and 21% for P. m. In 38.2% only viral, in 3.6% only bacterial and in 40.0% both, viral and bacterial pathogens were detected. In 29.1% of the cases a co-infection with 1 pathogen, in 28.2% with 2, in 17.3% with 3, and in 7.3% with 4 different infectious agents were observed. The exposure to Pneumocystis significantly decreased the risk of a co-infection with PRRSV in weaning piglets; all other odds ratios were not significant. Four categories of results were compared: I = P. spp. + only viral co-infectants, II = P. spp. + both viral and bacterial co-infectants, III = P. spp. + only bacterial co-infectants, and IV = P. spp. single infection. The evaluation of all samples and the age class of the weaning piglets resulted in a predomination of the categories I and II. In contrast, the suckling piglets showed more samples of category I and IV. In the group of fattening pigs, category II predominated. Suckling piglets can be infected with P. spp. early in life. With increasing age this single infections can be complicated by co-infections with other respiratory diseases.
SOME RECENT TRENDS IN THE THEORY OF SPECTRAL SENSITIZATION (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSOME RECENT TRENDS IN THE THEORY OF SPECTRAL SENSITIZATIONW. WestCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1962, 66, 12, 2398–2403Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1962https://doi.org/10.1021/j100818a020Request reuse permissions Article Views28Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (894 KB) Get e-Alerts
Genome architecture and the role of transcription (2010)

During development or in response to environmental stimuli, eukaryotic genes change both their expression and position in 3D nuclear space. Then, is a gene transcribed because of its position, or is position determined by transcription? Are genes stochastically or deterministically engaged in transcription cycles? Recent results confirm that RNA polymerases and their transcription factors play central roles in genome organization, and that stochastic events can give rise to apparently deterministic expression. As is so often the case in biology, structure both determines function and is influenced by it.
Min-net winner-take-all CMOS implementation (1993)

A charge-based winner-take-all (WTA) circuit is proposed. This WTA circuit is a min-net capable of selecting the minimum value among its input nodes and gives only one low voltage for the corresponding output node. The chargebased circuit uses a power supply of 3 V, with low power dissipation due to the lack of static DC current involved. The WTA circuit is used in associative neural networks.
Palmar Hyperhidrosis and its Surgical Treatment (1977)

One hundred patients with primary palmar hyperhidrosis (HH) underwent bilateral upper dorsal sympathectomy (UDS) by the supraclavicular approach. Pre-operative epidemio-logical and clinical data are described. The immediate and late results, as well as the complications and side-effects are detailed. Follow-up was completed on 93 patients between four and 50 months after the operation (average 18 months). Of 93 patients, 91 had drying of the hands. In 58% some moisture returned to the hands but in no case did the hyperhidrotic state recur. Subjective patient evaluation was excellent or good in 83 patients (89%) and only one patient (a technical failure) was completely dissatisfied. Reasons for some degree of dissatisfaction with the operation were mainly compensatory HH in non-denervated areas, and Horner's syndrome. Compensatory HH usually decreased with passage of time and, permanent Horner's syndrome occurred in 8% of patients (4% of procedures). Technical failure can be avoided by use of frozen section examination intraoperatively. For severe cases of palmar HH that cause social, professional and emotional embarassment, bilateral simultaneous UDS by the supraclavic-ular approach is the procedure of choice: Morbidity is small, and almost all patients enjoy improved quality of life after the operation.
Third-Order Nonlinear Guided-Wave Optics (1987)

During the past few years, new concepts for nonlinear optical signal processing have spurred interest in nonlinear optical devices based on third-order susceptibilities. As a result, there has been an increase in materials fabrication and processing development, particularly in semiconductors. For many applications) <sup>1, 2</sup> these semiconductor materials are particularly attractive because of their large nonlinearities and their compatibility with existing opto-electronic technology. However, the resonant-type processes responsible for the large nonlinear response of these materials yield absorption coefficients that cause thermal problems and also limit the speed of response (recovery) of the material to optical signals. Thus the driving force behind some of the nonlinear organic materials development is the need for good optical quality, highly nonlinear optical materials with low absorption coefficients.
Ultra-compact silicon photonics switch with high-density thermo-optic heaters (2019)

Miniaturization of silicon photonics switches is essential for both dense integration and low-loss operation. However, it has remained unclear how small the switches can be made while using thermo-optic (TO) element switches. In this paper, the minimum possible distance between adjacent TO phase shifter arms was first examined. Next, the architecture for a switch matrix for the high-density arrangement of TO switches that includes multi-layer electrical wirings for compact electrical wire-out was proposed and demonstrated. As a result, we achieved 1/23 miniaturization of an 8 × 8 silicon photonics switch for the PIC part when compared with our previous design.
Carbonic anhydrase activity in different placenta types: A comparative study of pig, horse, cow, mink, rat, and human (1997)

The placenta has multiple functions, being the organ which provides oxygen and nutrients to the developing conceptus. In the placenta, the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) may provide ions for exchange with Na+, K+, and Cl- in transepithelial movement of ions and fluid, as well as facilitating carbon dioxide diffusion. It can also be active in intermediary metabolism, such as gluconeogenesis, urea, and fatty acid synthesis. Placental material from pig, horse, cow, mink, rat, and human was therefore investigated, representing placenta types with variations in shape, internal architecture, and nature of the interhemal barrier. After glutaraldehyde fixation, sections were stained by a histochemical CA-method demonstrating all active isozymes. The most striking feature in common was a positive reaction in the maternal capillaries, when present, as in pig, horse, cow, and mink. In the maternal epithelium, the activation of CA was only observed in the pig, which also exhibited the strongest activity at the maternal interface, which reacted moderately in rat, weakly in horse, and was not visible in cow and human. The trophoblast was positive in pig and rat, whereas it was negative in horse, cow, human, and mink placentae except for few scattered trophoblast cells in pig, horse, and cow, which showed very intense activity. In the fetal capillaries, a positive reactivity was only observed in mink and human. The utilization of CA in placental transfer and metabolism is thus highest in the pig, rat, and mink, compared with horse, cow, and human. It can therefore be concluded that the activation and localization of CA in the placental interhemal barrier varies considerably among species.
Tree-structured speaker clustering for fast speaker adaptation (2002)

The paper proposes a tree-structured speaker clustering algorithm and discusses its application to fast speaker adaptation. By tracing the clustering tree from top to bottom, adaptation is performed step-by-step from global to local individuality of speech. This adaptation method employs successive branch selection in the speaker clustering tree rather than parameter training and hence achieves fast adaptation using only a small amount of training data. This speaker adaptation method was applied to a hidden Markov network (HMnet) and evaluated in Japanese phoneme and phrase recognition experiments, in which it significantly outperformed speaker-independent recognition methods. In the phrase recognition experiments, the method reduced the error rate by 26.6% using three phrase utterances (approximately 2.7 seconds).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Concurrently optimized cooperative pulses in robust quantum control: application to broadband Ramsey-type pulse sequence elements (2014)

A general approach is introduced for the efficient simultaneous optimization of pulses that compensate each others imperfections within the same scan. This is applied to Ramsey-type experiments for a broad range of frequency offsets and scalings of the pulse amplitude, resulting in pulses with significantly shorter duration compared to individually optimized broadband pulses. The advantage of the cooperative pulse approach is demonstrated experimentally for the case of two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy. In addition to the general approach, a symmetry-adapted analysis of the optimization of Ramsey sequences is presented. Furthermore, the numerical results led to the disovery of a powerful class of pulses with a special symmetry property, which results in excellent performance in Ramsey-type experiments. A significantly different scaling of pulse sequence performance as a function of pulse duration is found for characteristic pulse families, which is explained in terms of the different numbers of available degrees of freedom in the offset dependence of the associated Euler angles.
T cells expressing both L-selectin and CD44 molecules increase in number in peritoneal exudate cells and in vitro-stimulated spleen cells from mice immunized intraperitoneally with Listeria monocytogenes. (1993)

L-selectin, which was first reported as MEL-14 antigen in mice, is a type of animal lectin and expressed on lymphocytes, neutrophils and macrophages. L-selectin has been reported to be a homing receptor of lymphocytes to peripheral lymph nodes and to have an important role in initial adhesion of lymphocytes and neutrophils to endothelial cells activated by inflammatory cytokines. On the other hand, it has been reported that naive T cells express L-selectin while memory T cells and in vitro antigen-stimulated T cells lose its expression. If all memory T cells lack L-selectin, trafficking of memory T cells into inflammatory sites would be difficult. To know whether all memory T cells lack L-selectin expression, kinetics of expression of L-selectin was analysed on memory T-cell subsets, which are detected by expression of CD44, in mice after intraperitoneal immunization with a sublethal dose of viable Listeria monocytogenes. T cells expressing both L-selectin and CD44 were detected in splenocytes and peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) from untreated mice, though at low levels. L-selectin+ CD44+ T cells increased in PEC, which are known to be highly enriched in antigen-primed T cells, and reached maximum level on day 14 after immunization. Furthermore, we found increases not only of L-selectin- CD44+ but also of L-selectin+ CD44+ T cells by in vitro Listeria antigen stimulation of Listeria-immune spleen cells on day 14. These results showed that T cells expressing both L-selectin and CD44 increase after antigen stimulation in vivo and in vitro. The L-selectin+ CD44+ T cells may be a subset of memory T cells which retain their capacity of trafficking to inflammatory sites.
Semi-transparent vision for driving assistance (2012)

A lack of recognition with blind spots of driver's view is one of causes of traffic accidents. In this research, we propose a visual assistance system that can assist the driver's vision obstructed by the preceding large vehicle by making the blind spots semi-transparent. Under the use of this system, each vehicle should be equipped with in-vehicle stereo camera which captures forward. And in-vehicle camera images are shared with inter-vehicle communication to supplement other vehicle driver's vision. The assistance images for drivers are generated from shared preceding vehicle camera images and reconstructed by cutting the blind spot region and positioning with estimated relation using computer vision techniques. In this paper, we describe the methods of estimation of the relative positions and generation of the assistance images. Further, we indicate the prototype implementation of proposed system and the assistance presentation result of it.
Elimination of poly-Si gate depletion for sub-65-nm CMOS technologies by excimer laser annealing (2005)

Pulsed excimer laser annealing (ELA) is used to reduce the poly-Si gate depletion effect (to <0.1 nm). Low resistivity (0.58 m/spl Omega//spl middot/cm) and high active boron concentration (4/spl times/10/sup 20/ cm/sup -3/) at the gate-oxide interface are achieved while preserving the gate oxide quality and avoiding boron penetration, to meet International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors requirements for sub-65-nm CMOS technology nodes. ELA is compatible with high-/spl kappa/ dielectric (HfO/sub 2/) and results in significantly lower gate leakage current density as compared with rapid thermal annealing (RTA).
Synchronization with DMT modulation (1999)

In a digital transmission system, synchronization is an essential receiver function. Accurate timing information must be known to the demodulator in order to produce reliable estimates of the transmitted data sequence. In this article, synchronization for discrete multitone transmission (DMT) is examined. The effect of imperfect timing on the receiver performance is investigated. An overview of timing estimation and correction circuits based on data-aided and non-data-aided algorithms derived from maximum-likelihood estimation theory is given.
The Mobile Hub concept: Enabling applications for the Internet of Mobile Things (2015)

Few studies have investigated and proposed a middleware solution for the Internet of Mobile Things (IoMT), where the smart things (Smart Objects) can be moved, or else can move autonomously, and yet remain accessible and controllable remotely from any other computer over the Internet. Examples of mobile Smart Objects include vehicles of any kind, wearable devices, sensor tags, mobile robots, etc, anyhing with embedded sensors and/or actuators. In this context of general mobility of objects, mobile personal devices (smart phones, tablets, etc.) are well suited as the universal providers of Internet connectivity and location information for simpler smart objects that lack location sensors and have only short-range wireless interfaces. This paper describes Mobile Hub (M-Hub), a generic mobile middleware for IoMT, its design and prototype implementation for Android and Bluetooth. The Mobile Hub extends our previous mobile-cloud communication middleware SDDL, so that it is able to provide scalable and reliable mobile communication and data processing capabilities to mobile smart objects. Preliminary experiments have shown that our implementation of M-Hub delivers good mobility responsiveness and that the concept is suitable for IoT applications that require opportunistic discovery and connection to a variety of mobile Smart Objects.
Gas-discharge Color Panel with Ultra Low Reflectance (1988)

カラー表示放電パネルでは, 高精細化と高発光効率 (高輝度) 化を両立させるのは困難である.明るい部屋で視ることを仮定するとパネルの表面反射率を下げてコントラストを上げる方が良い画質を得る上で有効である.そこで, セルの発光色のみを透過する吸収型のフィルタを各セルの前面板側に設けたパネルを提案し, 実験した.この構成にすると, 発光出力は低下しないが外来光に対する反射率は著しく下る.まず, 最適なフィルタ材料を見い出すために, パネル製作上さけられない400℃以上の工程に耐えられる, 約300種の無機材料とその処理法を検討した結果, 赤フィルタはイオン交換法, 緑と青は色ガラス厚膜 (4～10μm) 法で作るのが最適だった.大型化が比較的容易なパネルにパルスメモリー駆動でテレビ画像を表示し次の結果を得た.セルピッチ;0.7mm, セル数;60×60, フィルタ透過率;約70%, 反射率;2.6%, 発光効率;0.15lm/W, 輝度;70cd/m2, 階調;8ビット, コントラスト (200lx照明下);40.
Pathogenicity of four Pythium species to wheat, barley, peas and lentils (1990)

Pythium heterothallicum, P. irregulare, P. torulosum and P. ultimum var. sporangiiferum were compared for pathogenicity to seedlings of winter wheat, spring barley, lentils and peas in growth chambers at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 C. These four fungi are among the most commonly isolated Pythium species from wheat roots and wheat‐field soils in eastern Washington and northern Idaho, USA, where wheat, spring barley, lentils and peas are grown in various rotations. Pathogenicity was determined in artificially infested soils (500 propagules per g) based on ability to cause pre‐emergence death and post‐emergence stunting of seedlings. P. ultimum var. sporangiiferum caused significant pre‐emergence death of the wheat at 15–25 C, lentils at 10–25 C. and peas at 5 25 C. P. irregulare caused pre‐emergence death only of peas and only at 5 C. With the possible exception of lentils at 25 C, P. heterothallcum and P. torulosum caused no pre‐emergence death of any of the four plant species. None of the species caused pre‐emergence death of spring barley. P. ultimum var. sporangiiferum caused the most post‐emergence stunting of wheat, peas and lentils at 10 C and above. Pythium irregulare caused as much or more stunting than P. ultimum var. sporangiiferum on wheat, lentils and peas at 5 C, and was the most pathogenic species on barley at 10, 20 and 25 C. P. irregulare caused significantly more post‐emergence stunting of wheat at 5 C with than without chaff (added as a food base for the pathogen); this was not offset by adding ammonium sulphate with the chaff.
A 2 μm Hi-CMOS II Technology (1981)

A high performance CMOS.( Hi-CMOS ) technology was first developed to overcome the power dissipation limitation of MOS LSIs.l) The low power, high speed 4K and 16K static memories have been developed by Hi-CMOS technology.2) 3) In this paper, a second generation high performance CMOS( Hi-CMOS II ) process and device technologies are described.