gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The sorption of krypton and xenon in zeolites at high pressures and temperatures II. Comparison and analysis (1972)

Abstract Absolute and Gibbs excess sorption isotherms of Kr and Xe have been measured at a range of temperatures between 0 and 450 °C and at high pressures in zeolites X and Y (near-faujasites); zeolite A; H-Zeolon and Na-Zeolon (near mordenites); chabazite; and an active carbon, to compare their efficiencies in reducing the rare gas pressures in high-temperature, high-pressure systems. At 450 °C the best sorbents for the purpose were chabazite and the carbon. The isotherms have been analysed to give distribution equilibrium constants for absolute sorption and associated standard thermodynamic quantities (ΔA⊖, ΔE⊖ and ΔS⊖). Isosteric heats have been derived and compared as functions of amount sorbed both for absolute and for Gibbs excess uptakes. These heats differ substantially for larger uptakes, but converge as the uptake decreases. Differential entropies of the intracrystalline rare gas have been calculated for absolute sorption. They decline monotonically with amount sorbed and have temperature coefficients which appear not very different from values expected for classical oscillators.
Univalence of Bessel functions (1960)

In particular we shall first determine a radius of univalence for the normalized Bessel functions [J,(z) ]1Iv for values of v belonging to the region G defined by the inequalities (i v} >0, I arg v| <7r/4. Then we shall determine the radius of univalence of the functions z1-vJ,(z) for values of v belonging to a subset of the closure of G. When v is real and positive we shall determine the exact radius of star-likeness of both of the above-mentioned classes of normalized Bessel functions. Our results concerning the functions zl-vJ(z) sharpen those of Kreyszig and Todd [I] when v_ 0 and extend their results for complex values of v.
Herbicide Control Strategies for <i>Ventenata dubia</i> in the Intermountain Pacific Northwest (2016)

Ventenata dubia is an exotic annual grass that has become increasingly invasive in various perennial grass systems throughout the Intermountain Pacific Northwest. Currently, little information is available to landowners about herbicide control options. In our first field study, we evaluated V. dubia control efficacy and perennial grass tolerance of herbicides applied pre-emergence (PRE) at two locations and as an early postemergence (EPOST) application at four different conservation reserve grasslands, with each grassland dominated by different perennial grass species. Treatments included flufenacet plus metribuzin (303 + 76 g ai ha −1 [0.27 + 0.07 lb ai ac −1 ]), propoxycarbazone-sodium (49 g ai ha −1 [0.04 lb ai ac −1 ]), rimsulfuron (53 g ai ha −1 [0.05 lb ai ac −1 ]), sulfosulfuron (53 g ai ha −1 [0.05 lb ai ac −1 ]), and imazapic (105 g ai ha −1 [0.09 lb ai ac −1 ]). Rimsulfuron and flufenacet plus metribuzin applied PRE provided > 90% control 10 mo after treatment (MAT). Rimsulfuron and sulfosulfuron applied EPOST provided > 90% control 9 MAT. Herbicide injury to bluebunch and intermediate wheatgrass was negligible across treatments. Imazapic and sulfosulfuron applied EPOST resulted in significant injury to smooth brome and timothy. In our second study, we addressed the following question: Will fall herbicide plus fertilizer treatments improve V. dubia control compared with herbicide treatments alone? We imposed fall herbicide treatments in main plots and fertilizer treatments (fall N, fall P, fall K, fall PK, spring N, NPK) in split plots at three study locations. Herbicide treatments resulted in high levels of V. dubia control. Differences in V. dubia abundance among fertilizer treatments were negligible 9 MAT. Within herbicide control plots, spring N and NPK treatments resulted in significant increases in perennial grass cover and decreases in V. dubia cover (9 MAT). This result indicates that spring N applications timed to the onset of perennial grass growth could be utilized as a component of an integrated management strategy for V. dubia in invaded perennial grass systems.
Answering List Questions using Co-occurrence and Clustering. (2008)

Although answering list questions is not a new research area, answering them automatically still remains a challenge. The median F-score of systems that participated in TREC 2007 Question Answering track is still very low (0.085) while 74 % of the questions had a median F-score of 0. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to answering list questions. This approach is based on the hypothesis that answer instances of a list question co-occur in the documents and sentences related to the topic of the question. We use a clustering method to group the candidate answers that co-occur more often. To pinpoint the right cluster, we use the target and the question keywords as spies to return the cluster that contains these keywords. 1.
Accuracy of chest radiography for positioning of the umbilical venous catheter (2016)

Anteroposterior radiography of the chest alone is not able to safely define the umbilical venous catheter position. Echocardiography allows direct visualization of the catheter tip in relation to vascular structures and, whenever possible, should be considered to identify the location of the umbilical venous catheter.
Photodynamic Therapy: Current Evidence and Applications in Dermatology (2011)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the activation of a photosensitizing drug, which preferentially localizes to diseased skin, by irradiation with light to cause selective cytotoxic damage. Since its discovery in the early 20th century and the development of topical photosensitizers 2 decades ago, PDT is increasingly being used in dermatology for a wide range of neoplastic, inflammatory, and infectious cutaneous conditions. Topical 5-aminolevulinic acid and methyl aminolevulinic acid, the most commonly used agents in PDT, have received Food and Drug Administration approval for the treatment of actinic keratoses, and many second-generation photosensitizers are under investigation. Compared with conventional therapies, PDT has the advantage of being noninvasive and capable of field treatment. It is also associated with quicker recovery periods and excellent cosmetic results. Because of these benefits, PDT is being evaluated as a potential treatment option for many dermatologic conditions and has been shown to be effective for certain nonmelanoma skin cancers. Although research is still limited, PDT might also have a therapeutic benefit for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, acne, psoriasis, leishmaniasis, and warts, among others. This article is a review of the clinical applications of PDT in dermatology and summarizes the current evidence in literature describing its efficacy, safety, and cosmetic outcome.
Tendency of Evolution Supervised by Genetic Algorithms (2010)

A genetic algorithm had been developed and implemented in order to identify the optimal determination coefficient of using a multiple linear regression approach for structure-activity relationships. An experiment was conducted using Molecular Descriptors Family as genetic material and a sample of 206 polychlorinated biphenyls with measured octanol-water partition coefficients as environment of adaptation. The GA was repeated for 46 times for every pair of survival and selection strategies from proportional, tournament and deterministic ones. The Fisher-Tippett distribution was found suitable to characterize a moment of evolution. Tendency models of distribution were constructed from the pool of all Fisher-Tippett distributions in every recorded generation from 1 to 20000.
Static field anode corona characteristics in sulphur hexafluoride (1976)

This paper reports the results of an experimental investigation of the static field anode corona characteristics in SF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</inf> over a wide range of gas pressures and field non-uniformities. In addition to the experimental study the theoretical streamer onset voltages of the various test gap geometry-pressure configurations were calculated and these are compared with the experimentally determined breakdown voltages and onset levels of the various stages of prebreakdown current activity. Also discussed is a method of estimating the minimum gas. pressure at which breakdown occurs in the absence of positive DC corona in a non-uniform field.
<scp>l</scp>‐Alanin‐<scp>l</scp>‐glutamine supplementation improves the outcome after colorectal surgery for cancer (2007)

Supplementation of parenteral Gln decreased the postoperative complications and hospital stay and in the patients undergoing the colorectal surgery for cancer.
Protease‐activated receptor 4: from structure to function and back again (2016)

Protease-activated receptors are a family of four GPCRs (PAR1-PAR4) with a number of unique attributes. Nearly two and a half decades after the discovery of the first PAR, an antagonist targeting this receptor has been approved for human use. The first-in-class PAR1 antagonist, vorapaxar, was approved for use in the USA in 2014 for the prevention of thrombotic cardiovascular events in patients with a history of myocardial infarction or with peripheral arterial disease. These recent developments indicate the clinical potential of manipulating PAR function. While much work has been aimed at uncovering the function of PAR1 and, to a lesser extent, PAR2, comparatively little is known regarding the pharmacology and physiology of PAR3 and PAR4. Recent studies have begun to develop the pharmacological and genetic tools required to study PAR4 function in detail, and there is now emerging evidence for the function of PAR4 in disease settings. In this review, we detail the discovery, structure, pharmacology, physiological significance and therapeutic potential of PAR4. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on Molecular Pharmacology of G Protein-Coupled Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v173.20/issuetoc.
Endocytosis of the apical junctional complex: mechanisms and possible roles in regulation of epithelial barriers (2005)

Tight junctions (TJ) and adherens junctions (AJ) regulate cell–cell adhesion and barrier function of simple polarized epithelia. These junctions are positioned in the apical end of the lateral plasma membrane and form the so-called apical junctional complex (AJC). Although initially seen as purely structural features, the AJC is now known to play important roles in cell differentiation and proliferation. The AJC is a highly dynamic entity, undergoing rapid remodeling during normal epithelial morphogenesis and under pathologic conditions. There is growing evidence that remodeling of the AJC is mediated by internalization of junctional proteins. This review summarizes what is known about endocytic pathways, intracellular destinations and signaling cascades involved in internalization of AJC proteins. Potential biological roles for AJC endocytosis in maintaining functional apical junctions, reversible opening of epithelial barrier and disruption of intercellular adhesion are also discussed. BioEssays 27:356–365, 2005. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New Red Cell Parameters on the Sysmex XE-2100<sup>TM</sup> as Potential Markers of Functional Iron Deficiency (2001)

<b>Background:</b>The ideal approach to monitor the haematological response of patients with anaemia associated with chronic renal failure during erythropoietin therapy is controversial. The reticulocyte haemoglobin content (CHr) and percentage hypochromic red cells (% Hypo) may be used as sensitive and specific indicators of functional iron deficiency in clinical situations with otherwise normal red cell indices. In the reticulocyte channel of a new blood cell counter using fluorescence flow cytometry, the Sysmex XE-2100, two novel parameters are determined (RBC-Y and RET-Y) by measuring the mean value of the forward scatter histograms of red cells and reticulocytes. These values seem to equate with red cell/reticulocyte haemoglobin content. <b>Material and Methods:</b>40 normal healthy males, 70 patients with iron deficiency (selected by indices), 90 patients with chronic renal failure before the start of dialysis or receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and 115 patients on long-term haemodialysis were studied on two different blood cell counters. A soluble transferrin receptor assay and measurements of ferritin were used to assess iron status. <b>Results:</b>A normal and iron-deficient range for RBC-Y and RET-Y has been defined and compared to the values for CHr and % Hypo. Excellent correlation between CHr and RET-Y (r = 0.94) is obtained in all groups and reasonable correlation with % Hypo and RBC-Y (r = 0.84). The soluble transferrin receptor had similar correlation with RET-Y and RBC-Y (r = 0.68) and % Hypo (r = 0.66) but less good with CHr (r = 0.55). Ferritin was an unreliable indicator of functional iron deficiency. <b>Conclusions</b>The two new parameters on the XE-2100 seem to indicate functional iron deficiency, correlate with soluble transferrin receptor levels and are acceptable alternatives to CHr and % Hypo on a routine haematology analyser.
Interictal spikes on intracranial recording: Behavior, physiology, and implications (2008)

These observations confirm and extend previous reports, suggesting a general effect of AED withdrawal, and a more specific effect of medial temporal lobe seizures, on IIS rate. AED mechanisms and efficacy might be demonstrated by quantifying IIS with changes in AEDs. Furthermore, variability in IIS rate after seizures distinguishes localization of seizure onset in medial temporal versus neocortical locations.
H.264-Based Compression of Bayer Pattern Video Sequences (2008)

Most consumer digital cameras use a single light sensor which captures color information using a color filter array (CFA). This produces a mosaic image, where each pixel location contains a sample of only one of three colors, either red, green or blue. The two missing colors at each pixel location must be interpolated from the surrounding samples in a process called demosaicking. The conventional approach to compressing video captured with these devices is to first perform demosaicking and then compress the resulting full-color video using standard methods. In this paper two methods for compressing CFA video prior to demosaicking are proposed. In our first method, the CFA video is directly compressed with the H.264 video coding standard in 4:2:2 sampling mode. Our second method uses a modified version of H.264, where motion compensation is altered to take advantage of the properties of CFA data. Simulations show both proposed methods give better compression efficiency than the demosaick-first approach at high bit rates, and thus are suitable for applications, such as digital camcorders, where high quality video is required.
Generalist and specialty physicians: supply and access, 2009-2010. (2012)

As the overall population ages, policy makers are focusing on the current and growing shortage of the primary care workforce (1–3), particularly as provisions of the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) expand health insurance coverage. This report presents selected trends in physician shortage measures and access to care measures for generalist physicians and specialists. Generalists are those in the specialties of family practice, general practice, internal medicine, and pediatrics, whereas specialists comprise all other specialties. Estimates are based on physicians who participated in the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) by providing data on visits.
The Na+/K+-ATPase α2-isoform regulates cardiac contractility in rat cardiomyocytes (2007)

The alpha2-isoform of the NKA is functionally coupled to the NCX and can regulate Ca2+ handling without changing global [Na+]i.
In vitro translation and processing of rat kidney gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. (1984)

Rat kidney gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase is composed of two nonidentical glycosylated subunits. The enzyme is localized on the lumenal surface of the brush-border membranes of proximal tubule epithelial cells; it is attached to the membranes via an NH2-terminal segment of the larger of the two subunits. Tissue-labeling experiments followed by immunoprecipitation with antibodies directed against the enzyme and its two subunits demonstrate that a glycosylated single chain precursor (Mr = 78,000), containing the elements of both the subunits, is initially synthesized. Pulse-chase studies in the presence of pactamycin, and inhibitor of protein synthesis initiation, indicate that the larger of the two subunits is located at the NH2 terminus of the Mr = 78,000 precursor. The initial events in the biosynthesis and processing of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase were investigated by in vitro translation of rat kidney mRNA. Such translation results in the synthesis of a Mr = 63,000 unglycosylated polypeptide which has been shown immunologically to contain the domains for both subunits. The Mr = 63,000 species is processed to a Mr = 78,000 core-glycosylated polypeptide when translation of mRNA is carried out in the presence of dog pancreas microsomes. This processing does not appear to be associated with cleavage of an NH2-terminal leader sequence. The Mr = 78,000 polypeptide is integrated into the microsomal membranes with an orientation that is analogous to that found on the brush-border membranes. Glycosylation and membrane integration of transpeptidase are cotranslational events. Upon longer incubation, the Mr = 78,000 species sequestered within the microsomal vesicles is cleaved to species corresponding in size to the two subunits of the kidney enzyme.
Inorganic coordination polymers. VIII. Cobalt(II) and zinc(II) phosphinate polymers and copolymers (1966)

Abstract The preparation, properties, x‐ray powder patterns, and TGA curves are given for cobalt(II) dimethyl‐, methylphenyl‐ and diphenylphosphinate. The polymeric character of cobalt(II) methylphenylphosphinate is demonstrated by its colligative properties and melt indexes. These cobalt(II) phosphinates along with hybrid copolymers of zinc(II) or cobalt(II) were prepared by the reaction of the metal acetate with the appropriate phosphinic acid or mixture of phosphinic acids. A consideration of the hybrid copolymers leads to the conclusion that both the zinc(II) and cobalt(II) dimethyl‐ and diphenylphosphinates are likewise polymeric. Thermal stability is discussed in terms of the structures suggested, and it is shown that crystallinity is related to polymer symmetry.
Libraries: Education Statistics: Higher Education (2007)

This guide points to a select number of databases and web sites providing statistical information for Education.
Utility of AdaBoost to Detect Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome From Single-Channel Airflow (2015)

SAHS detection might be simplified through the only use of single-channel AF data.
THE CONTINUOUS SUBMERGED CULTIVATION OF PLANT TISSUE AS SINGLE CELLS (1956)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Design for Existential Crisis in the Anthropocene Age (2017)

What should be our orientation to the socio-technical as climate predictions worsen; ecological crises and wars escalate mass migration and refugee numbers; right-wing populism sweeps through politics; automation threatens workers' jobs and austerity policies destabilize society? What is to be done when it is not "business as usual" and even broken concepts of progress seem no longer to be progressing? We ask how to design for the common good, focusing on human needs for meaning, fulfillment, dignity and decency, qualities which technology struggles to support but can easily undermine. We juxtapose the design of computing that offers hope with that which offers only distraction, propose four modes to design for (being attentive, critical, different and in it together) and conclude with a plea to avoid tools that encourage a blinkered existence at a time of great uncertainty and change.
Systematic practical approach to the study of bearing damage in a large oil-ring-lubricated induction machine (2000)

The demand for self-contained hydrodynamic bearing assemblies has increased as a result of their lower cost and increased reliability compared to bearings with an external lubrication system. The oil-ring lubrication system is the most popular lubricant circulating system used in self-contained bearings. Motors with such a lubrication system tend to experience bearing damage when the shaft current is sufficiently large. An industry-university research partnership program was instituted to study the shaft current phenomenon in an eight-pole 2611-kW oil-ring-lubricated sleeve bearing induction machine. The study reviewed all the possible causes of the bearing damage. A series of experimental tests was carried out to determine the cause(s) of the shaft current. These tests included oil analysis, bearing damage analysis, and no-load running tests. The tests were conducted using a novel method of shaft current measurement. In addition to the test results, this paper presents a simplified pictorial representation of the significance of joints due to lamination segmentation on the occurrence of shaft current. The paper also includes shaft voltage prediction rules.
Functional Loss of the <i>γ-Catenin</i> Gene through Epigenetic and Genetic Pathways in Human Prostate Cancer (2005)

Gamma-catenin is a cell adhesion molecule and a candidate mediator of Wnt signal transduction. We hypothesized that impaired regulation of gamma-catenin through genetic and epigenetic pathways is associated with the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. To test this hypothesis, cytosine-phosphate-guanine methylation, loss of heterozygosity (LOH), and mutation status of the gamma-catenin gene were analyzed in cultured prostate cancer cell lines, 180 localized prostate cancers, 69 benign prostatic hyperplasias, and 11 hormone refractory prostate cancers (HRPC). In prostate cancer cell lines (DuPro, LNCaP, ND-1, and PC3), gamma-catenin mRNA transcripts were increased after 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment. In localized prostate cancer, gamma-catenin expression was lower but prevalence of gamma-catenin methylation was higher compared with benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, gamma-catenin methylation did not correlate with Gleason sum, pT category, or capsular penetration. Among localized prostate cancers with positive gamma-catenin methylation, the presence of LOH at chromosome 17q21 was closely related to down-regulation of gamma-catenin mRNA expression. The gamma-catenin mutations were not found in localized prostate cancers, whereas six mutations were found in five HRPCs within or close to the GSK-3beta consensus motif phosphorylation site, among which four HRPCs showed strong nuclear gamma-catenin accumulation. In these four HRPCs, Bcl-2 expression was increased, whereas the target of the Wnt signal, c-myc, was only expressed in one HRPC. Therefore, although epigenetic gamma-catenin methylation is an early event in the development of prostate cancer, simultaneous events of epigenetic cytosine-phosphate-guanine methylation and genetic LOH may be responsible for functional loss of gamma-catenin. The gamma-catenin mutation related to Bcl-2 overexpression has a significant effect on the pathogenesis of HRPC. This is the first report to characterize the epigenetic and genetic regulation of gamma-catenin in human prostate cancer.