gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An architecture for wireless sensors in distributed management of electrical distribution systems (2004)

This thesis presents a distributed architecture for the use of wireless sensors in the management of electrical distribution systems. Although the general concept of using wireless sensors for measuring quantities of power lines has previously been introduced, the proposed solutions have not been well integrated within the power system equipment and the automation system. This has severely compromised the applicability of the sensors in the field. However, wireless sensors have several features that make them an attractive instrumentation solution in the harsh environment of electrical distribution networks. Wireless sensors do not need signal or power cables and they are therefore easy to install and use in system refurbishment. They thus provide an interesting and cost effective alternative that is worth studying.\n\nIn this thesis, the concept developed for enhancing the applicability and integration of wireless sensors within the power distribution system is based on an architecture that uses the properties of the system itself to preserve functionality and to minimise the power consumption and thus the size and weight of the wireless sensors. In this architecture the following essential components and aspects are identified.\n\nFirst, a time synchronisation method for wireless sensors is developed. The main goal with this method is to provide energy optimised means to determine the phase angle in wireless sensor cells where several sensors measure phase current and one sensor measures voltage. Secondly, a fault detection and location method with wireless sensors is proposed. This method enables implementation of fault management using wireless sensors that operate autonomously and asynchronously and measure only phase current. With this approach the hardware and software implementation of a sensor can be simplified compared to previous solutions. The combination of these developed methods enables the construction of lighter, smaller and more flexible wireless sensors. Consequently, the ability to integrate the sensors within components and equipment as well as their robustness and functionality are enhanced.\n\nThird, an architecture for the distributed management of electrical distribution networks is developed. The primary intention with this architecture is to provide a distributed computing platform that integrates the wireless sensors within the automation system and manages the related functionality in a controlled and simple way. The developed architecture also creates a generic concept for distributed and local control in the management of electrical distribution systems. This concept will be valuable in the future when the vast amount of data produced by sensors must be locally processed to avoid saturating the communication and computational resources of the control centre.
Studies on the Development of Photoreceptor in the Nonchromatophore Organisms (IV) -Effect of organic compound and metal ion influx of light-induced Mitochondrial ATP synthase in Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing- (1987)

Effects of organic compounds, photosensitizers and influx of metal ions on the light-induced mitochondrial ATP synthase in Lentinus edodes purified by stepped sucrose density gradient centrifugation were studied. In our previous work, the activation wavelength and the illumination time of mitochondrial ATP synthase were 470 nm and 15 sec, respectively. This enzyme was activated 85% by 1 mmole 2,6-dichlorophenol indopheol and inhibited by 1 mmole 2,-4-dinitrophenol, 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide and oligomycin per ml of ethanol. Particularly, the enzyme was activated 414% by 10 mmole phenazine methosulfate as photosensitizer at 470 nm light. In the influx effects of and ion, the activity of the above enzyme increased under the optimal light condition compared with nonillumination state.
Studies on the effects of oral administration of nutrient mixture, quercetin and red onions on the bioavailability of epigallocatechin gallate from green tea extract (2009)

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a main anticancer component in green tea, has a poor bioavailability in rats and humans due to oxidation, metabolism and its efflux. It was hypothesized that nutrients that address these problems might result in increased bioavailability. Plasma concentrations of EGCG at various time intervals were determined to calculate and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters after oral administration of green tea extract (GTE) or GTE as a nutrient mixture (E) or E + quercetin (Q)/red onions. In rat studies, supplementation of GTE with other nutrients (E) or E + Q raised the plasma C(max) from 55.29 +/- 1.70 to 61.94 +/- 1.70 ng/mL and 94.44 +/- 1.59 ng/mL, respectively. The corresponding t((1/2)) elimination was 2.04 +/- 0.2 h, 3.63 +/- 0.66 h and 2.28 +/- 0.049 h. The AUC(0-24h) were 510.16 +/- 9.88 for GTE, 601.72 +/- 19.10 ng.h/mL for E and 794.08 +/- 15.27 ng x h/mL (p < or = 0.05) for E + Q. In human studies when GTE was fed as GTE or E or E + red onions, the C(max) values were 348.4 +/- 76.6, 384.0 +/- 78.5 ng/mL and 468.4 +/- 131.4. AUC(0-8h) was 1784.1 +/- 56.06 (GTE), 1971.5 +/- 566.5 ng x h/mL (E) and 2490 +/- 878.1 (E + Q), but the change in t((1/2)) elimination was not significant.In conclusion, it is possible to increase the bioavailability of EGCG by supplementing it with nutrients and quercetin.
Comparison of parametric and non-parametric approaches for vehicle speed prediction (2014)

Predicting the future speed of the ego-vehicle is a necessary component of many Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) applications, in particular for safety and energy management systems. In the last four decades many parametric speed prediction models have been proposed, the most advanced ones being developed for use in traffic simulators. More recently non-parametric approaches have been applied to closely related problems in robotics. This paper presents a comparative evaluation of parametric and non-parametric approaches for speed prediction during highway driving. Real driving data is used for the evaluation, and both short-term and long-term predictions are tested. The results show that the relative performance of the different models vary strongly with the prediction horizon. This should be taken into account when selecting a prediction model for a given ITS application.
Inhibition of Adenosine Triphosphatases in Vitro by Silver Nitrate and Silver Sulfadiazine (1984)

Inhibition of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) by silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) in vitro was studied in microsomal fractions or tissue homogenates of canine brain and kidney and human kidney. In microsomal fractions, AgNO 3 was an indiscriminate inhibitor of ouabain-sensitive (Na + + K + ATPase) and ouabain-insensitive (Mg 2+ ATPase) activities, with 50% inhibition obtaining at concentrations on the order of 10 –7 to 10 –6 M. Changing the concentrations of Na + , K + , H + , Mg 2+ , and ATP did not alter the fractional inhibition of Na + + K + ATPase by a constant concentration of AgNO 3 . An aqueous suspension of silver sulfadiazine had an inhibitory potency similar to AgNO 3 . It was concluded that silver gives a different pattern of Na + + K + ATPase inhibition than other metallic inhibitors of the enzyme so far examined.
Thermistors. Part I. Static Characteristics (1950)

The fundamental thermistor equations are presented as functions only of electrical quantities and constants, and independent of temperature measurements. The universal curves allow one to predict the static characteristics of thermistors as circuit elements. The two most significant characteristics are the power coefficient of resistance, and the negative incremental resistance. These can be computed, or read from the universal curves, if the resistance and four parametric constants are known. These five values can be determined from six convenient measurements: the resistance and change of resistance with current at very low current, at the maximum voltage point, and at maximum current.
Ex vivo optical properties of human colon tissue (1994)

Using a spectrophotometer equipped with an internal integrating sphere, the absorption (mu a) and the reduced scattering (microseconds') coefficients of ex vivo human colon tissues were evaluated from reflectance and transmittance measurements. Mu a and microseconds' varied from 47.7 to 1.0 cm-1 and from 14.2 to 6.2 cm-1, respectively, on passing from 300 nm to 800 nm. These results can be used to estimate the optical penetration depths when photodynamic therapy or light-induced fluorescence procedures are used.
Reduced expression of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter causes learning deficits in mice (2008)

Storage of acetylcholine in synaptic vesicles plays a key role in maintaining cholinergic function. Here we used mice with a targeted mutation in the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) gene that reduces transporter expression by 40% to investigate cognitive processing under conditions of VAChT deficiency. Motor skill learning in the rotarod revealed that VAChT mutant mice were slower to learn this task, but once they reached maximum performance they were indistinguishable from wild-type mice. Interestingly, motor skill performance maintenance after 10 days was unaffected in these mutant mice. We also tested whether reduced VAChT levels affected learning in an object recognition memory task. We found that VAChT mutant mice presented a deficit in memory encoding necessary for the temporal order version of the object recognition memory, but showed no alteration in spatial working memory, or spatial memory in general when tested in the Morris water maze test. The memory deficit in object recognition memory observed in VAChT mutant mice could be reversed by cholinesterase inhibitors, suggesting that learning deficits caused by reduced VAChT expression can be ameliorated by restoring ACh levels in the synapse. These data indicate an important role for cholinergic tone in motor learning and object recognition memory.
Constructions of MDS codes via random Vandermonde and Cauchy matrices over small fields (2015)

Vandermonde and Cauchy matrices are commonly used in the constructions of maximum distance separable (MDS) codes. However, when additional design constraints are imposed on the code construction in addition to the MDS requirement, a Vandermonde or Cauchy matrix may not always suffice. We discuss some related coding problems of that nature that arise in different practical settings. We present a useful technique to tackle the constrained coding problems that includes random selection of the evaluation points of a Vandermonde or a Cauchy matrix. Our solutions require small finite fields whose sizes are polynomial in the dimensions of the generator matrices. We believe that this technique will be useful for solving a broad range of coding problems.
Particle-induced x-ray emission in stainless steel using 30keV Ga+ focused ion beams (2009)

Characteristic x-ray emission from a well grounded stainless steel specimen using standard 30keV Ga+ focused ion beam instrumentation is demonstrated. X-ray yields are found to be on the order of 10−10 per incident ion, consistent with previous studies of low energy, high mass ion-solid interactions. X-ray yields were found to be highest for low energy transitions or low atomic number target atoms. Bremsstrahlung x-ray emission was found to be minimal, possibly increasing detectability compared with electron beam induced x-rays. Yields were also estimated to be on the order of 10−11 per sputtered atom, or approximately one x-ray per sputtered monolayer. While velocity coupling between the primary ion beam and target atom electrons is not possible under these experimental conditions, it is argued that x-ray emission is, in fact, due to recoil effects of the ion-solid interaction.
Effect of plasma N2 and thermal NH3 nitridation in HfO2 for ultrathin equivalent oxide thickness (2013)

Two methods of HfO2 nitridation including plasma N2 nitridation and thermal NH3 anneal were studied for ultrathin HfO2 gate dielectrics with &lt;1 nm equivalent oxide thickness (EOT). The detailed nitridation mechanism, nitrogen depth profile, and nitrogen behavior during the anneal process were thoroughly investigated by XPS and SIMS analysis for the two types of nitridation processes at different process conditions. Intermediate metastable nitrogen was observed and found to be important during the plasma nitridation process. For thermal NH3 nitridation, pressure was found to be most critical to control the nitrogen profile while process time and temperature produced second order effects. The physical analyses on the impacts of various process conditions are well correlated to the electrical properties of the films, such as leakage current, EOT, mobility, and transistor bias temperature instability.
Vitamin Intake and Health: A Scientific Review (1990)

Describes the biochemical and physiological effects of most of the clinically important vitamins, and presents indications of the health benefits of vitamin intake beyond the levels currently established as recommended daily allowance by the National Academy of Science. The analysis focuses primaril
Importance of geometry in reconstructing endocardial electrograms from noncontact multielectrode cavitary probe data (1997)

Solving the inverse problem to reconstruct endocardial electrograms from cavitary probe data requires measuring cavitary electrograms and determining probecavity geometry. To identify the importance of geometry. endocardial electrograms were computed using two geometric models of the endocardium: (1) realistic. and (2) idealized. Endocardial electrograms were computed during pacing and were compared to directly measured electrograms at 8 sites during each paced rhythm. Using realistic geometry. computed electrograms were in excellent agreement with measured electrograms (r = 0.88; error in activation time = 4.7 ms). Whereas, the idealized geometry significantly increased the error in computed electrograms (r = 0.75; error in activation time = 9.9 ms). Therefore. in situ determination of realistic geometry is essential to successfully solve the inverse problem.
Natural killer cells mediate protection induced by a Salmonella aroA mutant (1992)

We have previously shown that an avirulent strain of Salmonella typhimurium, SL3235, blocked in aromatic synthesis, confers high levels of resistance to challenge with virulent Salmonella as early as 3 days postvaccination. In the present studies, it was found that immunization with SL3235 resulted in high levels of natural killer (NK) cell activity in the spleens and peritoneal cavities of C3H/HeJ mice, as measured by cytotoxicity against YAC-1 targets. NK cell activity was at its maximum 2 to 4 days after immunization and was ablated by in vivo or in vitro treatment with anti-asialo GM1. In vivo treatment with anti-asialo GM1 during the first week after immunization with SL3235 depleted NK cell activity and markedly increased mortality in mice challenged with a virulent Salmonella strain. These results are compatible with a role for NK cells as one important component in the resistance against virulent Salmonella infection induced by a live, attenuated vaccine.
Efficient Control of Population Structure in Model Organism Association Mapping (2008)

Genomewide association mapping in model organisms such as inbred mouse strains is a promising approach for the identification of risk factors related to human diseases. However, genetic association studies in inbred model organisms are confronted by the problem of complex population structure among strains. This induces inflated false positive rates, which cannot be corrected using standard approaches applied in human association studies such as genomic control or structured association. Recent studies demonstrated that mixed models successfully correct for the genetic relatedness in association mapping in maize and Arabidopsis panel data sets. However, the currently available mixed-model methods suffer from computational inefficiency. In this article, we propose a new method, efficient mixed-model association (EMMA), which corrects for population structure and genetic relatedness in model organism association mapping. Our method takes advantage of the specific nature of the optimization problem in applying mixed models for association mapping, which allows us to substantially increase the computational speed and reliability of the results. We applied EMMA to in silico whole-genome association mapping of inbred mouse strains involving hundreds of thousands of SNPs, in addition to Arabidopsis and maize data sets. We also performed extensive simulation studies to estimate the statistical power of EMMA under various SNP effects, varying degrees of population structure, and differing numbers of multiple measurements per strain. Despite the limited power of inbred mouse association mapping due to the limited number of available inbred strains, we are able to identify significantly associated SNPs, which fall into known QTL or genes identified through previous studies while avoiding an inflation of false positives. An R package implementation and webserver of our EMMA method are publicly available.
Achieving autonomous power management using reinforcement learning (2013)

System level power management must consider the uncertainty and variability that come from the environment, the application and the hardware. A robust power management technique must be able to learn the optimal decision from past events and improve itself as the environment changes. This article presents a novel on-line power management technique based on model-free constrained reinforcement learning (Q-learning). The proposed learning algorithm requires no prior information of the workload and dynamically adapts to the environment to achieve autonomous power management. We focus on the power management of the peripheral device and the microprocessor, two of the basic components of a computer. Due to their different operating behaviors and performance considerations, these two types of devices require different designs of Q-learning agent. The article discusses system modeling and cost function construction for both types of Q-learning agent. Enhancement techniques are also proposed to speed up the convergence and better maintain the required performance (or power) constraint in a dynamic system with large variations. Compared with the existing machine learning based power management techniques, the Q-learning based power management is more flexible in adapting to different workload and hardware and provides a wider range of power-performance tradeoff.
Design of the Burroughs B1700 (1972)

Procrustes was the ancient Attican malefactor who forced wayfarers to lie on an iron bed. He either stretched or cut short each person's legs to fit the bed's length. Finally, Procrustes was forced onto his own bed by Theseus.
Controlling Liquid Load-Up with "Continuous Gas Circulation" (1997)

abstract "Continuous Gas Circulation" (CGC) is a new method of controlling liquid load-up in gas wells. CGC uses a compressor to continuously circulate the wellbore gas (down the tubing-casing annulus and up the tubing), increasing the velocity of the gas flowing up the tubing. The higher velocity carries liquid to the surface and prevents an accumulation in the wellbore. Accumulating liquid increases the hydrostatic gradient, increases backpressure on the formation and reduces production.
High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Fe-22%Cr-5.8%Al Alloy (2011)

This study investigated the high temperature oxidation behavior of Fe-22%Cr-5.8%Al alloy and the oxidation kinetics of the alloy were discussed. Bulk samples were prepared by VAM (vacuum arc melting) and hot forging. High temperature oxidation testes were isothermally conducted up to 100 hours in 79%<TEX>$N_2$</TEX>+21%<TEX>$O_2$</TEX> environment at three different temperatures (<TEX>$900^{\circ}C$</TEX>, <TEX>$1000^{\circ}C$</TEX>, <TEX>$1100^{\circ}C$</TEX>). The weight gain was measured after oxidation according to oxidation time (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 60, 80, 100 hours). The weight gain significantly increased with increasing oxidation temperature. As the temperature increased, the oxidized samples showed sequential formation of <TEX>$Al_2O_3$</TEX>, Cr-rich oxide, Fe-rich oxide. The activation energy of high temperature oxidation was obtained as 306.63 KJ/mol. <TEX>$Al_2O_3$</TEX> were developed on the surface in the early stage of oxidation, representing protective role of oxidation. However, Fe-based and Cr-based oxides leaded to breakaway of oxide layer, thus resulted in the significant increase of additional oxidation.
Multi-Terminal Superconducting Nonequilibrium Device With a Ferromagnetic Screen (2010)

We have fabricated and characterized double-barrier multi-terminal superconducting transistor-like devices with the Nb/Al/AlO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> /Al/Nb/Ni/Al/AlO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> /Al/Nb (S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> IS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> FIS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) structure, where S, I, and F refer to superconducting, insulating, and ferromagnetic layers, respectively. A thin ferromagnetic Ni layer screens the superconductivity of the middle Nb layer on the injector-barrier side, so that the Nb/Ni bilayer manifests itself as a superconductor in the current-voltage characteristic (I-V curve) of the acceptor S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> IS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> junction, but as a normal metal in the I-V curve of the injector S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> FIS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> junction. It is shown that this property allows for considerable improvement of the input-output isolation of the quasiparticle-injection devices as compared with that for the formerly reported quiteron.
Quality of Service Scheduling for 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Systems (2006)

IEEE 802.16, the specification for fixed, portable and even mobile broadband wireless access (BWA) systems, is promising to support heterogeneous classes of traffic with differentiated quality of service (QoS). The proposed medium access control (MAC) protocol defines a wide variety of mechanisms for bandwidth allocation and QoS provision. However, the details of how to schedule traffic are left unspecified so that the vendor may differentiate their product through implementation. In this paper, a new and efficient QoS scheduling strategy based on the hierarchical and distributed architecture is proposed for 802.16 BWA systems. Analytical and simulation results show that the proposed scheduling architecture can provide QoS guarantees for all types of traffic as defined in the standard
The Utility of a Virtual Reality Locomotion Interface for Studying Gait Behavior (2007)

This study provides a basis for developing simple VR locomotion interface setups for gait research.
Indexing and Data Access Methods for Database Mining (2001)

Most of today&apos;s techniques for data mining and association rule mining (ARM) in particular, can be aptly termed &quot;flat file mining&quot;, since the database is typically transformed to a flat file that is input to the mining software. Previous research in the integration of ARM with databases looked largely at exploiting language (SQL) as a tool for implementing mining algorithms. In this paper we explore an alternative approach, using various data access methods and systems programming techniques to study the efficiency of mining data.