gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Integrin-Linked Kinase–Binding Protein, Affixin, Is Involved in the Early Stage of Cell–Substrate Interaction (2001)

Focal adhesions (FAs) are essential structures for cell adhesion, migration, and morphogenesis. Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), which is capable of interacting with the cytoplasmic domain of beta1 integrin, seems to be a key component of FAs, but its exact role in cell-substrate interaction remains to be clarified. Here, we identified a novel ILK-binding protein, affixin, that consists of two tandem calponin homology domains. In CHOcells, affixin and ILK colocalize at FAs and at the tip of the leading edge, whereas in skeletal muscle cells they colocalize at the sarcolemma where cells attach to the basal lamina, showing a striped pattern corresponding to cytoplasmic Z-band striation. When CHO cells are replated on fibronectin, affixin and ILK but not FA kinase and vinculin concentrate at the cell surface in blebs during the early stages of cell spreading, which will grow into membrane ruffles on lamellipodia. Overexpression of the COOH-terminal region of affixin, which is phosphorylated by ILK in vitro, blocks cell spreading at the initial stage, presumably by interfering with the formation of FAs and stress fibers. The coexpression of ILK enhances this effect. These results provide evidence suggesting that affixin is involved in integrin-ILK signaling required for the establishment of cell-substrate adhesion.
Acute inflammation in gram-negative infection: endotoxin, interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor, and neutrophils. (1987)

Experimental bacterial infection of the dermis induced with gram-negative microorganisms is associated with an acute inflammatory reaction, which represents the principal local defense against spread of the infection. When the inflammatory reaction is quantitated with radiolabeled cells and proteins, the kinetics resemble acute inflammation induced with other agents, such as immune complexes or chemotaxins. There is an interrelationship between the components or events of the inflammatory reaction; inasmuch as vascular injury is neutrophil-dependent, neutrophils must migrate to the site where the bacteria multiply. In neutropenic animals there is no such emigration and bacterial multiplication is not inhibited. The microorganisms shed endotoxin, which in turn induces secretion of interleukin 1 (IL 1) and probably tumor necrosis factor. Endotoxin is the most potent agent (10(-15) mol vs. 10(-12) mol of C5ades Arg) capable of inducing a neutrophil influx. Desensitization or tachyphylaxis of the tissues (probably of postcapillary venular endothelium) to IL 1 seems to control cessation of the neutrophil influx (also in vitro evidence). Phagocytosis of the bacteria by neutrophils is associated with release of oxygen radicals and lysosomal proteases from the neutrophils. These are instrumental in eliciting microvascular injury, which is characterized by enhanced vasopermeability, hemorrhage, and thrombosis.
Simultaneous Class Discovery and Classification of Microarray Data Using Spectral Analysis (2009)

Classification methods are commonly divided into two categories: unsupervised and supervised. Unsupervised methods have the ability to discover new classes by grouping data into clusters or tree structures without using the class labels, but they carry the risk of producing noninterpretable results. On the other hand, supervised methods always find decision rules that discriminate samples with different class labels. However, the class label information plays such an important role that it confines supervised methods by defining the possible classes. Consequently, supervised methods do not have the ability to discover new classes. To overcome the limitations of unsupervised and supervised methods, we propose a new method, which utilizes the class labels to a less important role so as to perform class discovery and classification simultaneously. The proposed method is called SPACC (SPectral Analysis for Class discovery and Classification). In SPACC, the training samples are nodes of an undirected weighted network. Using spectral analysis, SPACC iteratively partitions the network into a top-down binary tree. Each partitioning step is unsupervised, and the class labels are only used to define the stopping criterion. When the partitioning ends, the training samples have been divided into several subsets, each corresponding to one class label. Because multiple subsets can correspond to the same class label, SPACC may identify biologically meaningful subclasses, and minimize the impact of outliers and mislabeled data. We demonstrate the effectiveness of SPACC for class discovery and classification on microarray data of lymphomas and leukemias. SPACC software is available at http://icbp.stanford.edu/software/SPACC/.
Lateral photoeffect in thin amorphous superlattice films of Si and Ti grown on a Si substrate (1986)

The lateral photoeffect in a new type of amorphous superlattice film, consisting of 6 Å of Ti and 13 Å of Si grown on a Si substrate, is discussed. The photovoltage varies extremely linearly with light spot position and can thus be used in accurate position sensitive detectors.
The development, growth, and distribution of public and private medical resources in the Philippines (1993)

Abstract A striking feature of primary health programmes, and more generally of government health planning, is a failure to realize that the government is one among many providers of health services in developing countries.
Can adults adequately convert alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) to eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3)? (1998)

A diet including 2-3 portions of fatty fish per week, which corresponds to the intake of 1.25 g EPA (20:5n-3) + DHA (22:6n-3) per day, has been officially recommended on the basis of epidemiological findings showing a beneficial role of these n-3 long-chain PUFA in the prevention of cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. The parent fatty acid ALA (18:3n-3), found in vegetable oils such as flaxseed or rapeseed oil, is used by the human organism partly as a source of energy, partly as a precursor of the metabolites, but the degree of conversion appears to be unreliable and restricted. More specifically, most studies in humans have shown that whereas a certain, though restricted, conversion of high doses of ALA to EPA occurs, conversion to DHA is severely restricted. The use of ALA labelled with radioisotopes suggested that with a background diet high in saturated fat conversion to long-chain metabolites is approximately 6% for EPA and 3.8% for DHA. With a diet rich in n-6 PUFA, conversion is reduced by 40 to 50%. It is thus reasonable to observe an n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio not exceeding 4-6. Restricted conversion to DHA may be critical since evidence has been increasing that this long-chain metabolite has an autonomous function, e.g. in the brain, retina and spermatozoa where it is the most prominent fatty acid. In neonates deficiency is associated with visual impairment, abnormalities in the electroretinogram and delayed cognitive development. In adults the potential role of DHA in neurological function still needs to be investigated in depth. Regarding cardiovascular risk factors DHA has been shown to reduce triglyceride concentrations. These findings indicate that future attention will have to focus on the adequate provision of DHA which can reliably be achieved only with the supply of the preformed long-chain metabolite.
Visualizing features and tracking their evolution (1994)

We describe basic algorithms to extract coherent amorphous regions (features or objects) from 2 and 3D scalar and vector fields and then track them in a series of consecutive time steps. We use a combination of techniques from computer vision, image processing, computer graphics, and computational geometry and apply them to data sets from computational fluid dynamics. We demonstrate how these techniques can reduce visual clutter and provide the first step to quantifying observable phenomena. These results can be generalized to other disciplines with continuous time-dependent scalar (and vector) fields.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
α<sub>1</sub>-Adrenergic Receptor Coupling With G<sub>h</sub>in the Failing Human Heart (1996)

The results of the present study clearly demonstrate that the alpha 1-adrenergic receptor in human heart couples with Gh (TGase II) and indicate that downregulation of hhG alpha h activity is associated with human cardiac failure but that the mechanism differs between ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathies.
Histone deacetylase inhibitor FK228 enhances adenovirus-mediated p53 family gene therapy in cancer models (2008)

Therapeutic replacement of the wild-type p53 gene has been pursued as a potential gene therapy strategy in a variety of cancer types; however, some cancer models are resistant to p53 in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, to improve p53 gene therapy, it is important to overcome the resistance to p53-mediated apoptosis. Histone deacetylase inhibitors are a novel class of chemotherapeutic agents that are able to reverse the malignant phenotype of transformed cells. A natural histone deacetylase inhibitor, FK228, is reported to enhance adenovirus infection due in part to the up-regulation of coxsackievirus adenovirus receptor expression. In this study, preclinical experiments were done to establish a mechanistic rationale for the combination of adenovirus-mediated p53 family gene transfer and FK228 pretreatment in future clinical trials. Pretreatment with FK228 enhanced apoptosis in human cancer cells through enhanced transduction of Ad-p53. FK228 also induced hyperacetylation of the p53 protein and specifically enhanced p53-mediated Noxa expression. Additionally, the combination of FK228 and Ad-p53 induced Bax translocation to the mitochondria. The double knockdown of Bax and Noxa expression by small interfering RNA antagonized the synergistic effect of Ad-p53 and FK228 on apoptosis induction. In human cancer xenograft models, FK228 significantly increased the therapeutic effectiveness of p53 as well as p63 gene therapy. These results provide a strong rationale for combining p53 gene therapy and FK228 pretreatment in cancer therapy.
Agonist Regulation of D2 Dopamine Receptor/G Protein Interaction (2001)

The D(2) dopamine receptor has been expressed in Sf21 insect cells together with the G proteins G(o) and G(i2), using the baculovirus system. Expression levels of receptor and G protein (alpha, beta, and gamma subunits) in the two preparations were similar as shown by binding of [(3)H]spiperone and quantitative Western blot, respectively. For several agonists, binding data were fitted best by a two-binding site model in either preparation, showing interaction of expressed receptor and G protein. For some agonists, binding to the higher affinity site was of higher affinity in D(2)/G(o) than in the D(2)/G(i2) preparation. Some agonists exhibited binding data that were best fitted by a two-binding site model in D(2)/G(o) and a one-binding site model in D(2)/G(i2). Therefore, receptor/G protein interaction seemed to be stronger in the D(2)/G(o) preparation. Agonist stimulation of [(35)S]GTP gamma S (guanosine 5'-3-O-(thio)triphosphate) binding in the two preparations also gave evidence for higher affinity D(2)/G(o) interaction. In the D(2)/G(o) preparation, agonist stimulation of [(35)S]GTP gamma S binding occurred at higher potency for several agonists, and a higher stimulation (relative to dopamine) was achieved in D(2)/G(o) compared with D(2)/G(i2). Some agonists were able to stimulate [(35)S]GTP gamma S binding in the D(2)/G(o) preparation but not in D(2)/G(i2). The extent of D(2) receptor selectivity for G(o) over G(i2) is therefore dependent on the agonist used, and thus agonists may stabilize different conformations of the receptor with different abilities to couple to and activate G proteins.
DsbB Catalyzes Disulfide Bond Formation de Novo (2002)

DsbA and DsbB are responsible for disulfide bond formation. DsbA is the direct donor of disulfides, and DsbB oxidizes DsbA. DsbB has the unique ability to generate disulfides by quinone reduction. It is thought that DsbB oxidizes DsbA via thiol disulfide exchange. In this mechanism, a disulfide is formed across the N-terminal pair of cysteines (Cys-41/Cys-44) in DsbB by quinone reduction. This disulfide is then transferred on to the second pair of cysteine residues in DsbB (Cys-104/Cys-130) and then finally transferred to DsbA. We have shown here the redox potential of the two disulfides in DsbB are -271 and -284 mV, respectively, and considerably less oxidizing than the disulfide of DsbA at -120 mV. In addition, we have found the Cys-104/Cys-130 disulfide of DsbB to actually be a substrate for DsbA in vitro. These findings indicate that the disulfides in DsbB are unsuitable to function as the oxidant of DsbA. Furthermore, we have shown that mutants in DsbB that lack either pair or all of its cysteines are also capable of oxidizing DsbA. These unexpected findings raise the possibility that the oxidation of DsbA by DsbB does not occur via thiol disulfide exchange as is widely assumed but rather, directly via quinone reduction.
The Protease as a Cleansing Agent and Its Stabilization by Chemical Modification. (1993)

The effect of protease as a cleansing agent and the improvement of protease stability by chemical modification with polyethylene glycol derivatives were studied. The proteolytic actions of Bioprase and papain on keratins and sweat proteins, which are major proteinic impurities on the skin, were compared. Bioprase degraded both more effectively than papain. Although Bioprase possesses potential usefulness as a cosmetic material, it has a defect: low staility in a system containing water. This defect prevents the application of Bioprase to various preparations except for powder-type preparations. To improve the stability of the native Bioprase, it was chemically modified with copolymers of α-allyl-ω-methoxy polyoxyethylene and maleic anhydride. The stability of Bioprase was extremely improved by the modification. The modified Bioprase was further stabilized by adding such polyols as 1, 3-butylene glycol, glycerin, and propylene glycol. Some nonionic surfactants did not decrease the stability of the modified Bioprase. This method for stabilization allows the application of enzyme to various preparations. By continual use of a cleansing preparation containing the modified Bioprase, skin conditions improved.
A group-technology-coded literature review of semiconductor manufacturing operations publications: the MASMLAB bibliography web site (1999)

Modeling and simulation of semiconductor manufacturing operations is a rapidly developing area with a supporting published literature that is exploding in size. In this paper, we present a study of that literature which we use to build a searchable database that is implemented as an Internet site (http://www.eas.asu.edu/masmlab/Biblio.html). The semiconductor manufacturing modeling community needs a focused, electronically accessible, and better structured bibliographic resource. To accomplish this, we have developed a database that uses a group technology coding of articles based upon index searching. The importance of this database is not only in collecting many pertinent articles for users, but also in classifying them. The objectives of this site are to be useful to industrial practitioners, faculty members, students, and software developers, and to be widely available, economically feasible, and easily managed. The user can search the database by problem type, measurement metric, modeling technique, organization decision level, publication year, and publication type to find desirable article lists within a short time. The Modeling and Analysis of Semiconductor Manufacturing Laboratory (MASMLAB) database currently contains 559 coded articles relevant to the modeling and analysis of semiconductor manufacturing.
RDS gene mutations causing retinitis pigmentosa or macular degeneration lead to the same abnormality in photoreceptor function. (1994)

Patients with the Gly167Asp and Pro210Ser mutations in the peripherin/RDS gene have widely different clinical phenotypes but show the same abnormality, slowed dark adaptation, of rod and cone photoreceptor function. The similarities of the characteristics of the adaptational abnormalities in the two genotypes suggest that, in addition to the structural roles normally assumed for it, peripherin influences or participates in the function of the visual cycle.
Mycophenolate mofetil therapy in the management of inflammatory bowel disease — A retrospective case series and review (2014)

Mycophenolate mofetil may represent a promising treatment for inducing and maintaining remission in IBD patients intolerant of thiopurines. It may be of more value and relevance in ulcerative colitis, since less alternative proven therapies are available.
Does Chatter Really Matter? Dynamics of User-Generated Content and Stock Performance (2012)

This study examines whether user-generated content (UGC) is related to stock market performance, which metric of UGC has the strongest relationship, and what the dynamics of the relationship are. We aggregate UGC from multiple websites over a four-year period across 6 markets and 15 firms. We derive multiple metrics of UGC and use multivariate time-series models to assess the relationship between UGC and stock market performance. Volume of chatter significantly leads abnormal returns by a few days (supported by Granger causality tests). Of all the metrics of UGC, volume of chatter has the strongest positive effect on abnormal returns and trading volume. The effect of negative and positive metrics of UGC on abnormal returns is asymmetric. Whereas negative UGC has a significant negative effect on abnormal returns with a short “wear-in” and long “wear-out,” positive UGC has no significant effect on these metrics. The volume of chatter and negative chatter have a significant positive effect on trading volume. Idiosyncratic risk increases significantly with negative information in UGC. Positive information does not have much influence on the risk of the firm. An increase in off-line advertising significantly increases the volume of chatter and decreases negative chatter. These results have important implications for managers and investors.
Course of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in the Middle Ear Fluid of the Guinea Pig Otitis Media Model Induced by Nonviable <i>Haemophilus Influenzae</i> (1999)

To characterize the local response in acute otitis media, courses of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha in middle ear fluid (MEF) of the guinea pig otitis media model induced by nonviable Haemophilus influenzae were investigated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The IL-1beta concentration in H. influenzae-inoculated ears peaked 24 hours after inoculation. The IL-8 concentration was significantly higher in H. influenzae-inoculated ears than in controls 48 and 96 hours after inoculation. The TNF-alpha concentration in H. influenzae-inoculated ears had an initial peak 6 hours after inoculation and had significant late increases 48 and 96 hours after inoculation. The results suggest that IL-1beta and TNF-alpha were produced by middle ear mucosa in the early stage of the experiment by stimulation of bacterial inoculation, which caused subsequent inflammatory cell accumulation, and that IL-8 and TNF-alpha were produced in the late stage by accumulating inflammatory cells.
A phase management framework for event-driven dextrous manipulation (1998)

Multifingered robotic hands have not yet made significant inroads into practical applications, partly due to the complexity of dextrous manipulation tasks, and also due to control software shortcomings. High level task controllers exist, as do low level grasp controllers, but neither of these fully address the problems of changing kinematic and dynamic constraints that arise during a grasping and manipulation task. This paper develops a framework, utilizing phases, events, and transitions, that bridges the gap between highand low-level control. Results from constraint handling and transition experiments conducted with a two-fingered hand are included.
Synthesis and flavor properties of some alkyl-substituted .alpha.-pyrone derivatives (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and flavor properties of some alkyl-substituted .alpha.-pyrone derivativesAlan O. Pittet and Eric M. KlaiberCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1975, 23, 6, 1189–1195Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60202a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60202a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views397Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Measurement of Transfer Functions of Photographic Objectives by Means of a Polarizing Shearing Interferometer (1963)

A polarizing interferometer has been constructed for the measurement of transfer functions of photographic objectives. The polarizing system of the interferometer consists of a modified Savart plate of effectively varying thickness to obtain a continuous lateral shift of the aperture of the objective and of a Soleil–Babinet compensator for the accurate measurement of the phase of the function. Fringes have also been observed whose deformations represent lateral aberrations. Comparisons were made between the experimental results and those which were obtained by geometric-optical calculations from the lateral aberrations.
Autoinhibition of Jak2 Tyrosine Kinase Is Dependent on Specific Regions in Its Pseudokinase Domain (2003)

Jak tyrosine kinases have a unique domain structure containing a kinase domain (JH1) adjacent to a catalytically inactive pseudokinase domain (JH2). JH2 is crucial for inhibition of basal Jak activity, but the mechanism of this regulation has remained elusive. We show that JH2 negatively regulated Jak2 in bacterial cells, indicating that regulation is an intrinsic property of Jak2. JH2 suppressed basal Jak2 activity by lowering the V(max) of Jak2, whereas JH2 did not affect the K(m) of Jak2 for a peptide substrate. Three inhibitory regions (IR1-3) within JH2 were identified. IR3 (residues 758-807), at the C terminus of JH2, directly inhibited JH1, suggesting an inhibitory interaction between IR3 and JH1. Molecular modeling of JH2 showed that IR3 could form a stable alpha-helical fold, supporting that IR3 could independently inhibit JH1. IR2 (725-757) in the C-terminal lobe of JH2, and IR1 (619-670), extending from the N-terminal to the C-terminal lobe, enhanced IR3-mediated inhibition of JH1. Disruption of IR3 either by mutations or a small deletion increased basal Jak2 activity, but abolished interferon-gamma-inducible signaling. Together, the results provide evidence for autoinhibition of a Jak family kinase and identify JH2 regions important for autoregulation of Jak2.