gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anthranilate Deteriorates the Structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms and Antagonizes the Biofilm-Enhancing Indole Effect (2015)

Anthranilate and indole are alternative degradation products of tryptophan, depending on the bacterial species. While indole enhances the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we found that anthranilate, the tryptophan degradation product of P. aeruginosa, had an opposite effect on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation, in which anthranilate deteriorated the mushroom structure of biofilm. The anthranilate effect on biofilm formation was differentially exerted depending on the developmental stage and the presence of shear force. Anthranilate slightly accelerated the initial attachment of P. aeruginosa at the early stage of biofilm development and appeared to build more biofilm without shear force. But anthranilate weakened the biofilm structure in the late stage, deteriorating the mushroom structure of biofilms with shear force to make a flat biofilm. To investigate the interplay of anthranilate with indole in biofilm formation, biofilms were cotreated with anthranilate and indole, and the results showed that anthranilate antagonized the biofilm-enhancing effect of indole. Anthranilate was able to deteriorate the preformed biofilm. The effect of anthranilate and indole on biofilm formation was quorum sensing independent. AntR, a regulator of anthranilate-degrading metabolism was synergistically activated by cotreatment with anthranilate and indole, suggesting that indole might enhance biofilm formation by facilitating the degradation of anthranilate. Anthranilate slightly but significantly affected the cyclic diguaniylate (c-di-GMP) level and transcription of major extracellular polysaccharide (Psl, Pel, and alginate) operons. These results suggest that anthranilate may be a promising antibiofilm agent and antagonize the effect of indole on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation.
Electrostatic Charging of Aerial Spray Over Cotton (1995)

Electrostatically charged aerial spray studies were carried out over cotton fields. The study was planned and structured to obtain needed engineering information regarding the role and domain of applicability of this technology/methodology for aerial application. Spray deposition measured directly and separately from the top and bottom surface of cotton leaves was used to quantitatively evaluate three charging protocols: (1) bipolar, (2) alternating polarity, and (3) no-charge. The bipolar spray charging protocol gave significantly higher deposits on the cotton leaves than the no-charge or alternating polarity protocol. Mean deposit levels were 4.3 times higher with bipolar charged spray (Q/M = 2.64 mC/kg) compared to no-charge spray (Q/M = 0 mC/kg). Bipolar charging also showed a 3.0-fold increase in deposit over the alternating polarity protocol (Q/M = 2.64 mC/kg @ 0.29 Hz). Bipolar charging was also demonstrated to be effective in increasing plant canopy penetration and exhibiting a leaf wrap-around effect.
Natural Killer Cells Are Involved in Acute Lung Immune Injury Caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (2011)

ABSTRACT It is known that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in young children. RSV infection often leads to severe acute lung immunopathology, but the underlying immune mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated. Here, we found that RSV infection induced severe acute lung immune injury and promoted the accumulation and activation of lung natural killer (NK) cells at the early stage of infection in BALB/c mice. Activated lung NK cells highly expressed activating receptors NKG2D and CD27 and became functional NK cells by producing a large amount of gamma interferon (IFN-γ), which was responsible for acute lung immune injury. NK cell depletion significantly attenuated lung immune injury and reduced infiltration of total inflammatory cells and production of IFN-γ in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). These data show that NK cells are involved in exacerbating the lung immune injury at the early stage of RSV infection via IFN-γ secretion.
Synthesis of Cholesteryl Supports and Phosphoramidite for Automated DNA Synthesis of Triple-Helix Forming Oligonucleotides (Tfos) (1993)

Abstract DMT-Cholesteryl succinylamino solid supports (CPG, loading: 33 μmole/gram and TentaGel loading: 152 μmole/gram) and DMT-cholesteryl phosphoramidite were prepared for use in automated DNA synthesis of cholesteryl modified TFOs in the synthesis scales from 0.2 to 300 μmole. The modified TFOs were found to have a 5 to 50 fold increase in their uptake properties.
Ozonation: An Economic Choice for Water Treatment (1986)

A five‐year pilot‐plant study at the Hackensack (N.J.) Water Company showed that coagulation, ozonation, and direct filtration could be used successfully to treat water from the Oradell Reservoir, producing a finished water with fewer dissolved solids and improved taste and odor. The proposed expansion of the Haworth Filtration Plant, using preozone treatment and direct filtration, will substantially reduce the use of alum, chlorine, and caustic soda. In addition, less sludge will be produced in the treatment process and sludge disposal will be less costly.
Detection of <i>Lawsonia Intracellularis</i> in Swine using Polymerase Chain Reaction Methodology (1999)

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was evaluated for its usefulness as a diagnostic tool to detect Lawsonia (ileal symbiont) intracellularis. Porcine ilea were collected from swine cases submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory between December 1, 1994, and June 30, 1995. Sampling was random, with no regard to health status. There were 621 ileum scrapings evaluated using the PCR technique. Thirty-five of the samples were positive, either by PCR or conventional diagnostic methods such as histology and Warthin-Starry silver stain. These 35 samples were further evaluated by Warthin-Starry silver stain and indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) to confirm the presence of L. intracellularis in the tissue sections. Of the 26 samples positive by PCR, 22 were positive by IFAT. Sixteen of the 22 were also positive when stained with Warthin-Starry and evaluated microscopically for typical bacteria. Nine of the original samples were negative by all 3 techniques. PCR appears more sensitive and specific for L. intracellularis detection than Warthin-Starry stain and IFAT. This study provides evidence that PCR may be useful as a reference standard for the detection of L. intracellularis. PCR may be an appropriate monitoring tool for swine herds because it is a rapid procedure that could be applied to batch testing. Although the test is currently too laborious and expensive for routine diagnostic use, there may be situations in which it is justified because of the advantages of greater sensitivity and specificity.
Antagonism of <i>Erwinia herbicola</i> towards <i>Leptosphaeria maculans</i> causing blackleg disease of <i>Brassica napus</i> (1994)

Phyllosphere micro-organisms of Brassica napus were isolated and their antagonism against Leptosphaeria maculans, causal agent of blackleg disease, was tested in vitro. In paired culture, Erwinia herbicola was found to be highly antagonistic to L. maculans. Bioassay of the culture filtrate of the bacterium against the test fungus revealed that Erw. herbicola secretes an antifungal substance into the culture medium. This substance was partially thermolabile and markedly reduced the germination and germ tube length of L. maculans. Aqueous bacterial suspensions and cold-sterilized culture filtrates, when applied to the seedlings prior to inoculation, significantly reduced the severity of blackleg disease.
ChordNet: A Chord-based self-organizing super-peer network (2011)

Chord has proved to be a robust and efficient self-organizing structured Peer-to-Peer overlay. In this paper, we show that with the addition of super-peers, bidirectional communications, and two novel routing improvements, Chord can safely operate in environments with firewall-protected peers at a considerably reduced end-to-end message delay. Our concept, ChordNet, is suitable for high-traffic applications including video streaming supporting broadcast, multicast and high-volume point-to-point communications created automatically on demand. We demonstrate by means of simulation that ChordNet is superior to related approaches including bidirectional Chord.
An analysis of sensitivity distribution using two differential excitation potentials in ECT (2011)

The investigation of this work is to analysis the sensitivity distributions using two differential excitation potentials, in order to improve the situation of: (1) non-uniform sensitivity distribution: (2) less sensitivity in the central area and (3) non-linear change in ECT (Electrical Capacitance Tomography) system. Simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics is developed in order to obtain the changes in capacitance inter-electrodes and the permittivity of the dielectric material when two differential excitation potentials were injected. The MATLAB simulation is used to obtain the sensitivity distribution inside the closed pipe from the sensor. Generated phantoms and measured values are presented. Simulation is verified using available experimental data through the existing system, 16- segmented ECT sensor electrodes by PROTOM Research Group UTM, MALAYSIA. By using this technique the linear relationship between the capacitances measured to inter-electrodes and the permittivity dramatically improved and the sensitivity distribution for an opposing electrode pair was increased thus gives the sensitivity distribution in the central area increased. The use of this technique does increase the level of detection signals and the SNR(signal noise to ratio) compared to those achieved using standard single-voltage source method.
A Guide to Human Zinc Absorption: General Overview and Recent Advances of In Vitro Intestinal Models (2020)

Zinc absorption in the small intestine is one of the main mechanisms regulating the systemic homeostasis of this essential trace element. This review summarizes the key aspects of human zinc homeostasis and distribution. In particular, current knowledge on human intestinal zinc absorption and the influence of diet-derived factors on bioaccessibility and bioavailability as well as intrinsic luminal and basolateral factors with an impact on zinc uptake are discussed. Their investigation is increasingly performed using in vitro cellular intestinal models, which are continually being refined and keep gaining importance for studying zinc uptake and transport via the human intestinal epithelium. The vast majority of these models is based on the human intestinal cell line Caco-2 in combination with other relevant components of the intestinal epithelium, such as mucin-secreting goblet cells and in vitro digestion models, and applying improved compositions of apical and basolateral media to mimic the in vivo situation as closely as possible. Particular emphasis is placed on summarizing previous applications as well as key results of these models, comparing their results to data obtained in humans, and discussing their advantages and limitations.
Immunotoxicity of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate and the Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha (2008)

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are environmentally widespread and persistent chemicals with multiple toxicities reported in experimental animals and humans. These compounds can trigger biological activity by activating the alpha isotype of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate gene expression; however, some biological effects may occur independently of the receptor. Activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) modulates lipid and glucose homeostasis, cell proliferation and differentiation, and inflammation. Reported immunomodulation in experimental animals exposed to PFOA and PFOS has included altered inflammatory responses, production of cytokines and other proteins, reduced lymphoid organ weights, and altered antibody synthesis. Mounting experimental animal evidence suggests PPARalpha independence of some immune effects. This evidence originates primarily from studies with PPARalpha knockout models exposed to PFOA that demonstrate hepatic peroxisome proliferation, reduced lymphoid organ weights, and altered antibody synthesis. As human PPARalpha expression is significantly less than that of rodents, potential PPARalpha independence indicates that future research must explore mechanisms of action of these compounds, including PPARalpha-dependent and -independent pathways. This multiauthored review contains brief descriptions of current and recently published work exploring immunomodulation by PFOA and PFOS, as well as a short overview of other PPARalpha ligands of therapeutic and environmental interest.
Maximum likelihood estimator approach to determine the target angular co-ordinates in presence of main beam interference: application to live data acquired with a microwave phased array radar (2005)

This paper illustrates the application of the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) technique to determine the target direction of arrival (TDoA) in presence of main beam directional interference (MBI). Application to target plus noise-like interference live data are also considered. MLE technique, which is the best in terms of achievable performance, is a possible candidate as an alternative to the more conventional monopulse usually implemented in multifunctional and surveillance radar. Multifunctional radars are required to detect, locate and track targets in presence of natural (clutter) and intentional RF directional interference. The interference might impinge on the side lobes as well as on the main beam of the antenna pattern. A possible definition of side lobes (SLI) and main beam (MBI) or skirt (SKI) interference is given. Concerning the location capabilities of the radar, the requirements can be summarized as follows: (1) the estimation of the Target Direction of Arrival (TDoA) has to be unbiased; and (2) the accuracy of the angular co-ordinates has to be a suitable fraction of the -3 dB beamwidth depending on the target and the interference conditions. The paper contains the derivation of an algorithm to estimate the TDoA, via the MLE technique, against side lobes as well as MBI. To test the validity of the MLE approach, data have been recorded in the recent years with a ground based microwave phased array test-bed radar equipped with the conventional three high gain beams: the sum, the difference in azimuth and the difference in elevation. The experimental set-up is described and the achieved TDoA estimation in presence of a MBI is presented; in addition to this, the estimation of the target power and Doppler frequency is also presented.
A Physical Map for the Heliothis zea SNPV Genome (1984)

SUMMARY Restriction sites on the Heliothis zea nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HzSNPV) genome were mapped for the endonucleases BamHI, EcoRI, HindIII, SstI, XhoI and KpnI. XhoI-F was used as the zero-point of the physical map because it hybridized to the HindIII-V fragment which codes for the 3′ end of the polyhedrin gene of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV). The DNA homology between eight AcMNPV cloned fragments and HzSNPV DNA was mapped using Southern hybridization and the locations of HzSNPV DNA sequences sharing homology with AcMNPV gene sequences are discussed.
Synthesis of Zeolitic Mesoporous Materials by Dry Gel Conversion under Controlled Humidity (2003)

A new variation to the dry gel conversion method for the preparation of zeolite is introduced, where the conversion to zeolite was accomplished under water vapor below the saturation condition. The dry gel was made either by vacuum concentration or by surfactant flocculation from a silica precursor sol after the preliminary hydrothermal step. Depending of the humidity under which the conversion took place, mesoporous structures with varying MFI crystallinity, BET, and crystalline external surface areas were produced. The effects of precursor preparation and surfactant flocculation conditions on mesoporosity and crystallinity of the final product, as well as the steam stability of the product, were also investigated. The approach could find general application in the synthesis of other zeolites as well as metal oxides.
Measuring lift quality in database marketing (2000)

article Measuring lift quality in database marketing Share on Authors: Gregory Piatetsky-Shapiro Xchange Inc., One Lincoln Plaza, 89 South Street, Boston, MA Xchange Inc., One Lincoln Plaza, 89 South Street, Boston, MAView Profile , Sam Steingold Xchange Inc., One Lincoln Plaza, 89 South Street, Boston, MA Xchange Inc., One Lincoln Plaza, 89 South Street, Boston, MAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGKDD Explorations NewsletterVolume 2Issue 2Dec. 2000 pp 76–80https://doi.org/10.1145/380995.381018Online:01 December 2000Publication History 32citation403DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations32Total Downloads403Last 12 Months20Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Dynamic Water Injection Profiling in Intelligent Wells Using Distributed Acoustic Sensor with Multimode Optical Fibers (2015)

Abstract A distributed temperature senor (DTS), that uses a multimode fibre, has been used historically for flow profiling in intelligent wells. In horizontal oil production wells, it is difficult to determine the flow profile due to lack of geothermal gradient. In water injector wells, the DTS can be used to monitor the warm-back temperature changes after the well has been shut-in. If the water injector has been continuously operating over a long period of time, the warm-back may take several days or months, which is not practical. The intelligent Distributed Acoustic Sensor (DAS) system, that commonly uses single-mode fiber, is a very promising technology for inflow monitoring. In intelligent well completions the acoustic energy generated across inflow control valves (ICVs) and inflow control devices (ICDs) can propagate up through the production tubing. Using an array processing the speed of sound can be measured to monitor the fluid composition. In addition, the flow velocity can be measured by evaluating the Doppler shift between up-going and down-going acoustic waves. The DAS system was retrofitted to existing optical fibers that were already installed along several wells in Saudi Arabia. The acoustic noise energy generated across the inflow devices and propagating along the wellbore tubing was recorded. The acoustic noise spectrum can be used to monitor the fluid flow through the inflow devices. Using array processing, the speed of sound can be determined over several sections of the tubing to identify the fluid composition and the velocity. In this paper we report on a horizontal open hole water injector equipped with ICDs. This well was previously instrumented with a multimode fiber for distributed temperature sensor (DTS) measurement. We retrofitted the DAS system to the existing multimode fiber and recorded both amplitude and phase of the sounds waves in real time. The dynamic flow profiles across the ICDs zone were observed as the injection rate was varied from 100% to 31% by changing the surface choke settings. The downhole injection rates were quantified by determining the Doppler shift between up-going and down-going speed of sound propagating along well above the ICDs. A good correlation was observed with a surface flowmeter. The DAS system can be used with single-modes and multimode fibers and it can be used for dynamic water injection profiling and optimization.
Downlink beamforming for DS-CDMA mobile radio with multimedia services (1999)

Downlink beamforming is a promising technique for DS-CDMA systems with multimedia services to effectively reduce strong interferences induced by high data rate users. In this paper, we first proposed a new downlink beamforming algorithm which converts the downlink beamforming problem to a virtual uplink one and takes into account the data rate information of all users. Since the main complexity of this algorithm is due to existence of the multipath effect, a simplified algorithm is suggested using an equivalent one-path channel vector (EOCV) to replace multipath channel vectors. Computer simulation results are given to evaluate downlink capacity of DS-CDMA systems using a base station antenna array and the new algorithms proposed in this paper.
Antidepressant-like effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in an animal model of depression (2011)

Increased synaptic serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) levels may underlie antidepressant-like effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) that may be more prominent in subjects with mood disturbance. The Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) strain is an important animal model of depression. These rats are more immobile in the forced swimming test (FST), and their immobility is reversed by known antidepressants after prolonged administration. The objective of this study was to determine whether MDMA administration has a dose-dependent antidepressant-like effect in this animal model of depression. The effects of MDMA at 5 and 10 mg/kg following single and repeated administration were assessed in FSL rats using the FST. Sprague-Dawley rats were used as a control. During both FST sessions, saline-treated FSL rats were significantly more immobile than Sprague-Dawley rats (P<0.001). Acute MDMA administration had a dose-dependent antidepressant-like effect in FSL rats, which was most evident after 10 mg/kg. This effect was diminished after repeated administration. Methamphetamine 2 mg/kg, which was used as a positive control for locomotor activity induction, did not affect the depressive-like state in FSL rats. There were no changes in the cortical levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid after treatments. It is concluded that MDMA exhibited an antidepressant-like effect in FSL rats, which was most evident following acute administration.
Characterization of dielectric spheres by spiral imaging (2012)

We study the spiral spectra scattered off transparent dielectric spheres when probed by different Laguerre-Gaussian light beams, carrying nested topological wavefront dislocations. We show that such scattering data may be employed to determine geometrical properties of the spheres, such as their position. The technique is a generalization of standard Mie scattering, and it can be extended to study and to characterize nanospheres.