gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytically Deposited Silver Nanoparticles on Mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> Films (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPhotocatalytically Deposited Silver Nanoparticles on Mesoporous TiO2 FilmsElias Stathatos, Panagiotis Lianos, Polykarpos Falaras, and A. SiokouView Author Information Engineering Science Department, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece Institute of Physical Chemistry, NCSR ''Demokritos", 15310 Athens, Greece ICEHT/FORTH, P.O. Box 1414, University Campus, 26500 Rion, Patras, Greece Cite this: Langmuir 2000, 16, 5, 2398–2400Publication Date (Web):January 22, 2000Publication History Received31 December 1998Revised22 June 1999Published online22 January 2000Published inissue 1 March 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la981783thttps://doi.org/10.1021/la981783tbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3693Altmetric-Citations251LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Adsorption,Metal nanoparticles,Nanoparticles,Oxides,Silver Get e-Alerts
Dynamically weighted time-delay neural networks for functional approximation (2002)

The existing multilayer neural networks are not ideally suited for functional approximation of biological activities as they do not capture the time-related dynamics of biological events. We present a dynamically weighted time-delay neural network (DWTDNN) which is more suited for computations on temporal patterns from biological events. We use this network for modeling the time-series data from fMRI experiments and compare the results with those obtained using existing models of fMRI response.
Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Wound Healing in Mice in Relation to Oxidative Damage (2012)

It has been established that low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) are produced in wounds and is required for optimal healing. Yet at the same time, there is evidence that excessive oxidative damage is correlated with poor-healing wounds. In this paper, we seek to determine whether topical application of H(2)O(2) can modulate wound healing and if its effects are related to oxidative damage. Using a C57BL/6 mice excision wound model, H(2)O(2) was found to enhance angiogenesis and wound closure at 10 mM but retarded wound closure at 166 mM. The delay in closure was also associated with decreased connective tissue formation, increased MMP-8 and persistent neutrophil infiltration. Wounding was found to increase oxidative lipid damage, as measured by F(2)-isoprostanes, and nitrative protein damage, as measured by 3-nitrotyrosine. However H(2)O(2) treatment did not significantly increase oxidative and nitrative damage even at concentrations that delay wound healing. Hence the detrimental effects of H(2)O(2) may not involve oxidative damage to the target molecules studied.
Acquisition and analysis of the impedance cardiogram (ICG) in the detection of ventricular arrhythmias (2002)

Discusses the use of the impedance cardiogram (ICG) obtained from a two electrode system in comparison with the standard 4 electrode configuration. Improved sensitivity and specificity when the ICG is synchronised with the R wave component of the ECG suggests that it can be a valuable discriminating factor in detecting 'shockable' ventricular arrhythmias especially ventricular tachycardia.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Nuclear Pre-mRNA Splicing in Plants (2001)

Referee: Dr. Gabor Lazar, Chief, Dept. of Molecular Biology, Massachsetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Wellman Eleven, Boston, MA 02114 The coding regions of about 80% of plant nuclear genes contain one or more noncoding intervening sequences (introns). The transcription of these genes results in a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) with coding sequences (exons) and introns. The noncoding intervening sequences are then accurately removed and the coding regions are joined in the nucleus to generate functional mRNAs by a process called pre-mRNA splicing. In addition to basic/constitutive splicing, many plant pre-mRNAs, like metazoan pre-mRNAs, undergo alternative splicing, thereby contributing to proteomic complexity. The splicing of pre-mRNAs takes place in a large RNA-protein complex named the spliceosome, which is made up of several small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) particles and other associated proteins. Until recently, it was thought that there is only one type of spliceosome in all eukaryotes. However, it is now established that most metazoans have a second (minor) type of spliceosome that is compositionally different from the widely studied major spliceosome and functions in splicing of some rare introns. Based on the conservation of many components of major and minor spliceosomes in plants, it is likely that plants contain both types of spliceosomes and the basic mechanisms involved in spliceosome formation and intron removal are likely to be similar between plants and animals. However, a number of reports using in vivo splicing assays have shown that the cis-elements that are necessary for intron recognition and proper splicing of plant introns differ considerably from yeast and animals. These studies suggest that the mechanisms of intron recognition in plants are likely to differ from yeast and animals and involve novel proteins that recognize the plant-specific cis-elements. In recent years, several proteins that are implicated in plant pre-mRNA splicing have been characterized, including some novel ones that are not present in metazoans. The recent completion of the Arabidopsis and other eukaryotic genomes sequence should facilitate the identification of plant orthologs of various animal spliceosomal proteins in the near future. However, identification and functional analysis of the splicing proteins that are specific to plants will demand novel approaches.
Preparation of Interesterified Plastic Fats from Fats and Oils Free of <i>Trans</i> Fatty Acid (2008)

Interesterified plastic fats were produced with trans-free substrates of fully hydrogenated soybean oil, extra virgin olive oil, and palm stearin in a weight ratio of 10:20:70, 10:40:50, and 10:50:40, respectively, by lipase catalysis. The major fatty acids of the products were palmitic (32.2-47.4%), stearic (12.0-12.4%), and oleic acid (33.6-49.5%). After storage at 5 degrees C (refrigerator temperature) or 24 degrees C (room temperature) for 16 h, the physical properties were evaluated for solid fat content, texture, melting, and crystallization behavior, viscoelastic properties, crystal polymorphism, and crystal microstructure. The interesterified fats contained desirable crystal polymorphs (beta' form) as determined by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. They exhibited a wide plastic range of solid fat content of 52-58% at 10 degrees C and 15% at 40 degrees C. The physical properties were influenced by the ratio of palm stearin and olive oil. Harder and more brittle texture, crystallization and melting at higher temperature, higher solid fat contents, and more elastic (G') or viscous (G') characteristics were observed in the produced fats containing a higher content of palm stearin and lower content of olive oil. The produced fats stored at 5 degrees C consisted mostly of beta' form crystal together with a small content of beta form, while those at 24 degrees C had only beta' form. The produced fat with a higher amount of palm stearin appeared to have more beta' form crystal and small size crystal clusters. Thus, the physical properties of the produced plastic fats may be desirable for use in a bakery product.
<scp>M</scp> ajor <scp>H</scp> istocompatibility <scp>C</scp> omplex ( <scp>MHC</scp> ) (2017)

The major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) encoded class I and II molecules are the most important components of a vertebrate's immune system regarding “self/nonself” recognition by presenting peptides to lymphocytes, which then may initiate an immune reaction. Thus the MHC plays a significant role, not only for transplantation and control of infectious diseases but also for nearly all immunologically related processes and in reproduction immunology. While the MHC regions of different nonhuman primate species are comparable to each other in terms of their general features, their genes differ with regard to the degree of allelic and/or copy number variation, as well as transcription levels, which may lead in turn to certain genes having different functions. These species‐specific MHC structures are the result of evolutionary processes, the aims of which involve survival of the species.
Platelet-Activating Factor and Platelet-Activating Factor Antagonists in Acute Pancreatitis (1999)

Our understanding of the pathology of systemic complications, and of a central role of PAF in mediating an inappropriate inflammatory response has improved in recent years. Confirmation of clinical findings with lexipafant will indicate an effective new therapy for the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis.
Inference graphs: a computational structure supporting generation of customizable and correct analysis components (2003)

Amalia is a generator framework for constructing analyzers for operationally defined formal notations. These generated analyzers are components that are designed for customization and integration into a larger environment. The customizability, and efficiency of Amalia analyzers owe to a computational structure called an inference graph. This paper describes this structure, how inference graphs enable Amalia to generate analyzers for operational specifications, and how we build in assurance. On another level, this paper illustrates how to balance the need for assurance, which typically implies a formal proof obligation, against other design concerns, whose solutions leverage design techniques that are not (yet) accompanied by mature proof methods. We require Amalia-generated designs to be transparent with respect to the formal semantic models upon which they are based. Inference graphs are complex structures that incorporate many design optimizations. While not formally verifiable, their fidelity with respect to a formal operational semantics can be discharged by inspection.
Ancestry and Pathology in King Tutankhamun's Family (2010)

Using a multidisciplinary scientific approach, we showed the feasibility of gathering data on Pharaonic kinship and diseases and speculated about individual causes of death.
Progress in Episodic Memory Research (2016)

Episodic memory refers to the ability of humans and animals to remember personal experiences in terms of what happened and where and when it happened. Humans are also able to remember the specific perceptions, emotions and thoughts they had during a particular experience. This highly sophisticated and unique memory system is extremely sensitive to cerebral aging, neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. The field of episodic memory research is a continuously expanding and fascinating area that unites a broad spectrum of scientists who represent a variety of research disciplines including neurobiology, medicine, psychology and philosophy. Nevertheless, important questions still remain to be addressed. This research topic on the Progress in Episodic Memory Research is intended to cover past and current directions in research dedicated to the neurobiology, neuropathology, development, measurement and treatment of episodic memory. We welcome original and review articles, as well as theoretical, opinion, methods, and modeling papers from both human and animal research disciplines.
Computation of the Frequency Response of a Class of Symmetric<i>N</i>-Way Power Dividers (1980)

Symmetric n-way power dividers (and combiners) are needed to feed multi-element antennas and to combine the output powers of a number of solid-state amplifiers and oscillators over a broad frequency range. We present a unified method of analysis for computing the frequency responses of symmetric, n-way power dividers of the Wilkinson, radial, and fork types, whose transmission lines are allowed to be coupled and nonuniform and may be surrounded by an inhomogeneous dielectric medium. The method is based on the analysis of a simple one- or two-port network for each of the n eigenmodes of the power-divider structure, resulting in a considerable improvement in the speed of computation, as well as a sizable reduction in storage requirements, as compared to a standard method of nodal analysis. Furthermore, the aforementioned one- and two-port networks facilitate the design and optimization of the power dividers over a desired frequency band.
Structural and morphological characterization of Nb2O5 thin films deposited by reactive sputtering (1994)

Amorphous Nb2O5 thin films of three different thicknesses (10, 100, 400 nm) were deposited onto SiO2/Si substrates by reactive sputtering in an Ar–O2 plasma. Thermal treatments were performed at different temperatures between 500 and 1100 °C. The structural and morphological evolution with temperature is shown to be dependent on the film thickness. At 600 °C, the films essentially crystallize in the TT phase. On the thickest films, the T phase also appears. Annealing at higher temperature progressively increases the concentration of the T phase. The films show large flat grains extending over the whole film thickness. In addition, a large number of polyhedral bubbles is present in the 100 and 400 nm films due to Ar atoms trapped during sputtering. After annealing at 1100 °C the Ar bubbles are no longer present and partial diffusion of the films into the substrate is observed. The modification at high temperature, explained either by the M or the H phase, is favored on the thickest films and leads to plate shaped grains.
Comparison of LDPE/corn stalk with eco degradant and LDPE/corn stalk with MAPE: Influence of coupling agent and compatibiliser on mechanical properties (2020)

This study investigated the effect of corn stalk (CSP) content with different coupling agents, namely eco-degradant and Maleic Anhydride Polyethylene (MAPE), on tensile properties, as well as the morphology of Low Density Polyethylene/Corn Stalk (LPDE/CSP) biocomposites. It was found that increment of CSP content decreased both tensile strength. The dispersion and interfacial adhesion between CS filler and thermoplastic emerged as significant factors that affected the tensile properties of biocomposites system. In order to improve interfacial adhesion, incorporation of eco-degradant and Maleic Anhydride Polyethylene (MAPE) into LDPE/CS composites is recommended. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and analysis displayed improvements to the interfacial adhesion between LDPE as matrix and corn stalk powder (CSP) filler with the presence of eco-degradant and Maleic Anhydride Polyethylene (MAPE). FTIR spectra for both biocomposites was investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis (FTIR).
In Situ Thermal Preparation of Polyimide Nanocomposite Films Containing Functionalized Graphene Sheets (2010)

Graphene oxides (GO) were exfoliated in N,N-dimethylformamide by simple sonication treatment of the as-prepared high quality graphite oxides. By high-speed mixing of the pristine poly(amic acid) (PAA) solution with graphene oxide suspension, PAA solutions containing uniformly dispersed GO can be obtained. Polyimide (PI) nanocomposite films with different loadings of functionalized graphene sheets (FGS) can be prepared by in situ partial reduction and imidization of the as-prepared GO/PAA composites. Transmission electron microscopy observations showed that the FGS were well exfoliated and uniformly dispersed in the PI matrix. It is interesting to find that the FGS were highly aligned along the surface direction for the nanocomposite film with 2 wt % FGS. Tensile tests indicated that the mechanical properties of polyimide were significantly enhanced by the incorporation of FGS, due to the fine dispersion of high specific surface area of functionalized graphene nanosheets and the good adhesion and interlocking between the FGS and the matrix.
Silica Hollow Spheres with Ordered and Radially Oriented Amino-Functionalized Mesochannels (2009)

Using anionic surfactant as templates, ordered mesoporous silica hollow spheres (MSHSs) with radially oriented mesochannels were synthesized with the aid of ultrasonic irradiation. The product was consisted of intact and dispersed hollow spheres with the diameter mostly in the range of 100−500 nm. The hollow spheres possessed uniform shell with the thickness of 35−40 nm, and the shell with radially oriented mesopores exhibited well-ordered structure as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. After extraction of the anionic surfactant templates by solvent, silica hollow spheres with ordered and radially oriented amino-functionalized mesochannels were obtained. Moreover, by adjustment of the sonochemical processing time, the shell thickness, mesostructure (hexagonal, radial, or disordered), and shape of the inner cavity (hexagonal or spherical shape) of the hollow spheres could be facilely tuned. The formation process of the radially ordered mesostructure could be attributed to a relatively slow cooperative realignment process of the silica/surfactant hybrid mesophase in this anionic surfactant templating system. The effectiveness of the radially aligned mesopores was validated by a drug (flurbiprofen) release experiment, in which the hollow spheres exhibited relatively high drug storage capacity (>1000 mg g−1) and much faster drug release rate than that of the flakelike mesoporous SBA-15 particles.
Abrogation of B16 Melanoma Metastases by Long-Term Low-Dose Interleukin-6 Therapy (1993)

We investigated the antitumor effects of human recombinant interleukin-6 (hrIL-6) on the highly metastatic B16 melanoma clone F10.9. These tumor cells were found to have very low levels of IL-6 receptors and in vitro IL-6 had no effect on cell proliferation or on the expression of MHC class I antigens. However, in vivo IL-6 was active against the metastatic growth of this tumor in mice, presumably through indirect immune effects. Low-dose IL-6 (1-10 micrograms/day), in three daily injections, 4 days a week, for 3 weeks, strongly inhibited the formation of experimental lung metastases following intravenous tumor cell inoculation. IL-6 therapy could be started even 10 days after tumor injection, when metastases are already established. Moreover, IL-6 treatment of mice bearing F10.9 tumors in the footpads resulted in complete protection against pulmonary spontaneous metastasis and in long-term survival. Histology confirmed the absence of micrometastases in most of the IL-6-treated animals. Analysis of the cytolytic activity of splenocytes at different times during therapy of tumor-bearing mice revealed significant lysis (up to 42%) of the melanoma F10.9 cells in the mice receiving IL-6 but not in the control mice.
Besting Testing Hysteria: Reasonable Preparation for Standardized Tests. (2000)

The results suggest that, in general, cognitive processing deficits are more strongly related to the degree than to the type of maladaptive behavior. Furthermore, response variability and working memory may serve as potential markers for identifying high-risk children and response inhibition as an indicator of the type of maladaptive behavior.
Measurement of internal forces in superconducting accelerator magnets with strain gauge transducers (1989)

An improved method has been developed for the measurement of internal forces in superconducting accelerator magnets, in particular the comprehensive stresses in coils and the end restraint forces on the coils. The transducers have been designed to provide improved sensitivity to purely mechanical strain by using bending mode deflections for sensing the applied loads. Strain gauge resistance measurements are made with a new system that eliminates sources of errors due to spurious resistance changes in interconnecting wiring and solder joints. The design of the transducers and their measurement system is presented along with a discussion of the method of compensation for thermal and magnetic effects, methods of calibration with typical calibration data, and measured effects in actual magnets of the thermal stress changes from cool-down and the Lorentz forces during magnet excitation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Continuous Synthesis of Optically Activa α-Hydroxynitriles (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTContinuous Synthesis of Optically Activa α-HydroxynitrilesWolfgang Becker and Emanuel PfeilCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 18, 4299–4300Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00970a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00970a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ruthenium anticancer compounds: myths and realities of the emerging metal-based drugs (2011)

Ruthenium anticancer drugs have attracted an increasing interest in the last 20 years and two of them have entered clinical trials. Compared to platinum drugs, the complexes based on ruthenium are often identified as less toxic and capable of overcoming the resistance induced by platinum drugs in cancer cells. These activities were attributed to the transportation to tumour cells by transferrin and to the selective activation to more reactive species by the reducing environment of solid tumours as compared to healthy tissues. Ruthenium anticancer drugs have been almost always designed to mimic platinum drugs, particularly for targeting DNA. Indeed, none of the above properties has never been clearly demonstrated even for the ruthenium drugs that entered clinical trials. The suggestion for the future is to change the perspective when designing new chemical entities, abandoning the philosophy that guided the actual panel of ruthenium drugs and to look further into the fine mechanism by which the most relevant ruthenium complexes available kill the target tumour cells, then focusing on targets selective of tumour cells and responsible for cell growth and malignancy.