gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Research on Current Situation and Development Trend of FM in Japan (2007)

The principles of Facilities Management (FM) have only recently been adopted in Asia which were initially developed in the United States and then accepted world-wide. This paper gives an overview and a conception of the FM system and introduces the content, the necessity and the effect of FM. Then, an example of Japan Facilities Management Promotion Association (JFMA) is taken to analyze the current situation and development trend of FM in Japan. The possible form and development of FM in the future is also predicted. JFMA is an organization established for the promotion and establishment of FM practice in Japan, and for the skill development of the facilities managers. There are various seminars for the advanced research that cover wide range of FM-related fields and subjects. The research on it will have a positive influence on the future study in the field of FM
User Behavior Analysis by Cross-Domain Log Data Fusion (2019)

Modern mass customization production allows user interaction activities to be distributed in the full product life cycle via multiple information systems. Investigating user behaviors across the boundaries of different domains helps to deeply integrate isolated fragmental profiles into a comprehensive one, and therefore can provide multi-dimensional, high-quality and valuable services. However, traditional user behavior analysis models are based on individual user profile information derived from separate domains, such as requirement analysis, design, supply chain, logistics, marketing, <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">etc.</i> , which have not considered the whole complexity of mass customization manufacturing. In this paper, we introduce the concept of multi-dimensional semantic activity space, where user behavior features are merged and represented as combined vectors. User behavior patterns are discovered by mining action data extracted from log files in different subsystems in the corresponding domains. We also identify distinct categories of user behaviors in various modules and subsystems in the context of an intelligent manufacturing environment. Experiment results show a strong indication that the proposed approach can be applied to reveal variations in typical behavioral aspects of cross-domain participants, in terms of patterns in resource access, operation tasks, performance assessment, <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">etc.</i>
Confocal slit divided-aperture microscope: applications in ear research (1994)

A confocal, scanning slit microscope that uses separate portions of the objective aperture for illumination and imaging rays achieves a high degree of optical sectioning. This capability permits visualization of individual cells within the intact inner ear in guinea pigs and cats, and it facilitates directing a laser heterodyne interferometer beam so that vibration of selected cells can be measured. A concentric singlet lens is added to the front of a long-working-distance microscope objective to increase the numerical aperture from 0.4 to 0.53 while retaining a working distance of 6 mm. The measured optical-sectioning capability is compared with the theoretical performance and with the calculated curve for a full-aperture pinhole confocal system.
Power System Static-State Estimation, Part III: Implementation (1970)

The static state of an electric power system is defined as the vector of the voltage magnitudes and angles at all network buses. The static-state estimator is a data processing algorithm for converting redundant meter readings and other available information into an estimate of the static-state vector. Discussions center on implementation problems associated with computation time requirements, dimensionality resulting from a large number of buses, and the actual time-varying (nonstatic) character of power systems. Various potentially useful approaches are discussed and compared.
Synthetic Genetic Polymers Capable of Heredity and Evolution (2012)

Genetic information storage and processing rely on just two polymers, DNA and RNA, yet whether their role reflects evolutionary history or fundamental functional constraints is currently unknown. With the use of polymerase evolution and design, we show that genetic information can be stored in and recovered from six alternative genetic polymers based on simple nucleic acid architectures not found in nature [xeno-nucleic acids (XNAs)]. We also select XNA aptamers, which bind their targets with high affinity and specificity, demonstrating that beyond heredity, specific XNAs have the capacity for Darwinian evolution and folding into defined structures. Thus, heredity and evolution, two hallmarks of life, are not limited to DNA and RNA but are likely to be emergent properties of polymers capable of information storage.
Negotiation process in water resource management (2008)

The standard tools used in water negotiations are intended to favour the mutual comprehension of the stakes by participants and facilitate the construction of more robust agreements in this way. But the organizers of the consultation procedures also need a support to establish the negotiation structure. We illustrate here the utility of a bargaining model to simulate and compare negotiation rules. The applicability of this tool is illustrated by two experimental examples.The standard tools used in water negotiations are intended to favour the mutual comprehension of the stakes by participants and facilitate the construction of more robust agreements in this way. But the organizers of the consultation procedures also need a support to establish the negotiation structure. We illustrate here the utility of a bargaining model to simulate and compare negotiation rules. The applicability of this tool is illustrated by two experimental examples.
Mobile Wireless Sensor Network: Architecture and Enabling Technologies for Ubiquitous Computing (2007)

A mobile wireless sensor network owes its name to the presence of mobile sink or sensor nodes within the network. The advantages of mobile WSN over static WSN are better energy efficiency, improved coverage, enhanced target tracking and superior channel capacity. In this paper we present and discuss hierarchical multi-tiered architecture for mobile wireless sensor network. This architecture is proposed for the future pervasive computing age. We also elaborate on the impact of mobility on different performance metrics in mobile WSN. A study of some of the possible application scenarios for pervasive computing involving mobile WSN is also presented. These application scenarios will be discussed in their implementation context. While discussing the possible applications, we also study related technologies that appear promising to be integrated with mobile WSN in the ubiquitous computing. With an enormous growth in number of cellular subscribers, we therefore place the mobile phone as the key element in future ubiquitous wireless networks. With the powerful computing, communicating and storage capacities of these mobile devices, the network performance can benefit from the architecture in terms of scalability, energy efficiency and packet delay, etc.
Microbes and Microbial Toxins: Paradigms for Microbial- Mucosal Interactions II. The integrated response of the intestine to<i>Clostridium difficile</i>toxins (2001)

Clostridium difficile, the major etiologic factor of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis, mediates its effects by releasing two large protein exotoxins, toxins A and B. A major toxin effect is related to the disassembly of actin microfilaments, leading to impairment of tight junctions in human colonocytes. The mechanism of actin disaggregation involves monoglucosylation of the signaling proteins Rho A, Rac, and Cdc 42, which control stress fiber formation directly by toxins A and B. An important aspect of C. difficile infection is the acute necroinflammatory changes seen in patients with pseudomembranous colitis. The early mechanism of toxin-mediated inflammation involves toxin effects on cellular mitochondria, release of reactive oxygen species, and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB. Injection of toxin A into animal intestine triggers secretion of fluid and intestinal inflammation characterized by epithelial cell destruction and neutrophil activation. A critical feature of C. difficile enterotoxicity is communication between enterocytes and lamina propria nerves, macrophages, and mast cells mediated via release of neuropeptides and proinflammatory cytokines.
Serum ApoA4 levels predicted the progression of renal impairment in T2<scp>DM</scp> (2018)

Abstract Background Among multiple causes, diabetic nephropathy ( DN ) is the major underlying renal disease that leads to end‐stage renal disease ( ESRD ), and early diagnosis can effectively prevent or delay the progression to ESRD . Therefore, the current study aimed to develop noninvasive, accurate detection markers. Materials & Methods For this study, 62 diabetes mellitus ( DM ) patients, 59 DN patients and 21 healthy controls ( HC s) were recruited. All participants’ serum samples were subjected to concavanalin (Con) A affinity chromatography, which utilizes glycoproteins to discover potential markers. Results From nano LC ‐ MS and Western blot analysis, apolipoprotein A‐ IV (ApoA4) was selected which featured a gradual, almost twofold increase in the order of HC , DM and DN . In the Con A‐based ELISA , the DM group was 1.91‐fold higher than the HC group, while the DN group was 2.56‐fold higher than the HC s and 1.33‐fold higher than the DM group. In addition, significant positive correlations were observed between ApoA4 and blood urea nitrogen levels and between ApoA4 and creatine levels, while significant negative correlations were seen between serum protein levels and between serum albumin levels in comparisons of DM and DN samples. Conclusions Serum Con A‐bound ApoA4 levels were higher in the DM group than in HC s, and further increased in the DN group. Levels of ApoA4 were positively correlated with blood urea nitrogen and creatine, but negatively correlated with serum protein and albumin. This evidence supports serum Con A‐bound ApoA4 as a circulating marker for predicting the progression of renal impairment in DM patients.
Microglia: Lifelong modulator of neural circuits (2019)

Microglia, the sole immune cells in the brain, are the key player for synaptic regulation required for our brain function in both developing and adult brain. They have highly motile processes to detect synaptic functions. Recent accumulated studies have unveiled the mechanism underlying synapse detection and pruning / formation by microglia. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of various microglial machinery recruited in synaptic modulation in the different life stages and contexts.
Pegylated Wortmannin and 17-Hydroxywortmannin Conjugates as Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Inhibitors Active in Human Tumor Xenograft Models (2006)

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is an important target for cancer chemotherapy due to the deregulation of its signaling pathway in a wide spectrum of human tumors. Wortmannin and its analogues are potent PI3K inhibitors whose therapeutic use has been impeded by inherent defects such as instability and toxicity. Pegylation of wortmannin and 17-hydroxywortmannin gives rise to conjugates with improved properties, including a higher therapeutic index. Pegylated 17-hydroxywortmannin (8, PWT-458) has been selected for further development.
Quantitative analysis of user-generated content on the Web (2008)

User-generated content (UGC) is becoming the most popular and valuable information available on the WWW. However, little serious research has been conducted to measure the properties of its production process. This paper presents an in-depth quantitative analysis of 9 popular websites that are based on different UGC types. The Information Production Process is used as a framework for the analysis. The findings provide for first time strong scientific evidence for previously anecdotic knowledge: UGC production follows “long-tail” distributions and it is marked with a strong “participation inequality”. Also, the analysis arrived to unexpected findings: not all the UGC types follow the inverse power-law distribution, and large content collections could be dominated by the presence of ultra-productive users. The analysis results also have implications for the administration of UGC-based websites.
Phosphorylation of IκBα in the C-Terminal PEST Domain by Casein Kinase II Affects Intrinsic Protein Stability (1996)

The NF-kappaB/Rel transcription factors participate in the activation of immune system regulatory genes and viral early genes including the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat. NF-kappaB/Rel proteins are coupled to inhibitory molecules, collectively termed IkappaB, which are responsible for cytoplasmic retention of NF-kappaB. Cell activation leads to the phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaBalpha, permitting NG-kappaB/Rel translocation to the nucleus and target gene activation. To further characterize the signaling events that contribute to IkappaBalpha phosphorylation, a kinase activity was isolated from Jurkat T cells that specifically interacted with IkappaBalpha in an affinity chromatography step and phosphorylated IkappaBalpha with high specificity in vitro. By using an in-gel kinase assay with recombinant IkappaBalpha as substrate, two forms of the kinase (43 and 38 kDa) were identified. Biochemical criteria and immunological cross-reactivity identified the kinase activity as the alpha catalytic subunit of casein kinase II (CKII). Deletion mutants of IkappaBalpha delta1 to delta4) localized phosphorylation to the C-terminal PEST domain of IkappaBalpha. Point mutation of residues T-291, S-283, and T-299 dramatically reduced phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha by the kinase in vitro. NIH-3T3 cells that stably expressed wild-type IkappaBalpha (wtIkappaB), double-point-mutated IkappaBalpha (T291A, S283A), or triple-point-mutated IkappaBalpha (T291A, S283A, T299A) under the control of the tetracycline-responsive promoter were generated. Constitutive phosphorylation of the triple point mutant was eliminated in vivo, although tumor necrosis factor-inducible IkappaBalpha degradation was unaffected. In cell lines and in transiently transfected cells, mutation of the CKII sites in IkappaBalpha resulted in a protein with increased intrinsic stability. Together with results demonstrating a role for N-terminal sites in inducer-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaBalpha, these studies indicate that CKII sites in the C-terminal PEST domain are important for constitutive phosphorylation and intrinsic stability of IkappaBalpha.
Diagnosis of Elaphostrongylus cervi infection in New Zealand red deer (Cervus elaphus) quarantined in Canada, and experimental determination of a new extended prepatent period. (1994)

A modified Baermann assay was used to recover dorsal-spined, first stage larvae of Elaphostrongylus cervi from feces and lungs of red deer (Cervus elaphus elaphus) from three of four herds imported from New Zealand into Canadian quarantine facilities. Tests done on a series of fecal collections showed that larval output from infected red deer was low and sporadic, casting doubt on the efficacy of the Baermann assay to detect all infected individuals in the herds. The animals had passed repeated preembarkation Baermann tests for E. cervi in New Zealand. Seven larvae recovered from these red deer were used to establish a patent infection in a naive red deer. The prepatent period was 206 days and larval shedding was intermittent. Elaphostrongylus cervi is a foreign animal parasite in continental North America, which could become irrevocably established if it were introduced. The data reported indicates that there is currently no reliable method for the detection of E. cervi infection.
Cathodic Inhibition Effects during NiFe and ZnNi Alloy Deposition (2002)

Cathodic inhibition effects of nickel and iron ions on the proton reduction reaction are demonstrated in chloride, sulfate, and perchlorate solutions. They are not caused by metal hydrolysis but are induced electrochemically and linked to the anomalous codeposition of NiFe alloys. The addition of zinc ions to a nickel electrolyte also inhibits the reduction of protons and nickel ions, but this effect is not caused by an electrochemical reaction. Therefore it is suggested that the anomalous codeposition of ZnNi proceeds via a different mechanism than the anomalous electrodeposition of NiFe.
Flow cytometric measurement of cell cycle kinetics in rat Walker‐256 carcinoma following in vivo and in vitro pulse labelling with bromodeoxyuridine (1991)

Flow cytometric measurements of total DNA content, cell cycle distribution, and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) uptake were made in rat Walker-256 carcinoma cells. After both in vivo and in vitro pulse labelling with BrdUrd, Walker-256 tumor cells were stained with propidium iodide (PI) to estimate the total DNA content and a monoclonal antibody against BrdUrd to estimate the relative amount of cells in S phase. BrdUrd-labelled single cell suspensions were harvested at different time intervals to determine the movement of these cells within the cell cycle. To increase BrdUrd uptake, fluorodeoxyuridine (FDU), a thymidine antagonist, was also applied in vivo and in vitro. The results indicated exponential growth characteristics for this tumor between days 5 and 8 after implantation. Tumor doubling times, derived from changes in tumor volume in vivo and from the increase in cell number in vitro were similar. The mean time for DNA synthesis was estimated from the relative movement of BrdUrd-labelled cells towards G2. The percent of cells labelled with BrdUrd and the DNA synthesis time were similar regardless of the mode of BrdUrd administration. This study demonstrates that BrdUrd labelling of rat Walker-256 carcinoma cells in vitro yields kinetic estimates of tumor proliferation during exponential growth similar to those with the administration of BrdUrd in the intact tumor-bearing rat.
A known photoinitiator for a novel technology: 2-(4-methoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine for near UV or visible LED (2014)

2-(4-Methoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine (R–Cl) appears as a versatile high-performance photoinitiator (PI) under LED exposure at 385, 395 or 405 nm (intensities in the range ∼9–140 mW cm−2). It has been used as an efficient Type I cleavable PI for the free radical photopolymerization (FRP) of (meth)acrylates under near UV or visible LED irradiation. When combined with various additives (i.e. amine, iodonium salt, or N-vinylcarbazole), the R–Cl based photoinitiating systems can exhibit an even higher efficiency than R–Cl alone. Remarkably, R–Cl alone as well as the R–Cl/additive systems lead to a photoinitiation ability for the FRP of methacrylate under air at 405 nm that is better than that of well-known commercial photoinitiators (e.g. bisacylphosphine oxide (BAPO), 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphineoxide (TPO), or 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)-butanone-1 (BDMB)). In addition, the R–Cl/iodonium salt/N-vinylcarbazole combination can also initiate the cationic polymerization of epoxides in the 385–405 nm range. Moreover, the photochemistry of these systems has been investigated by steady state photolysis, molecular orbital (MO) calculations, and electron spin resonance spin trapping techniques.
3D-IC BISR for stacked memories using cross-die spares (2012)

3D ICs based on Through-Silicon-Vias (TSVs) enable the stacking of logic and memory dies to manufacture chips with higher performance, lower power, and smaller form factor. To improve the yield of the memory dies in 3D ICs, this paper proposes a Built-In Self-Repair (BISR) architecture which allows the sharing of spares between different layers of dies. The corresponding pre-bond (before the memory dies are bonded together) and post-bond (after the memory dies are bonded together) test flow is presented as well. In order to maximize the yield gain introduced by the cross-die spares, a die matching algorithm is proposed to determine which dies should be stacked together, so that the spare sharing can be most efficient. Experimental results show that the area overhead of the proposed BISR circuit is only 2.43%, which can be smaller if larger logic and memory dies are adopted, and the yield gain achieved by cross-die spare sharing can be up to 23%.
Multiply functionalized dendrimers: protective-group-free synthesis through sequential thiol-epoxy ‘click’ chemistry and esterification reaction (2015)

A protective-group-free synthetic route to multiply functionalized dendrimers is presented.
3D Printing of a Dual-Curing Resin with Cationic Curable Vegetable Oil (2020)

The development and fabrication of high-performance renewable 3D objects with moderate elongation and high mechanical strength via 3D printing are highly desirable in the ongoing transition toward a circular economy. Here, urethane epoxidized soybean oil (SBO-URE) was compounded with acrylates to obtain hybrid resins for stereolithographic 3D printing. The photoinitiated process of the printing formulation was investigated by real-time FT-IR. After printing, the part was thermally cured at an elevated temperature to yield an interpenetrating network (IPN). The effects of postcuring and the SBO-URE content on the printed objects were investigated by a series of tests. The results showed that the addition of SBO-URE can increase mechanical strength without seriously sacrificing the elongation, revealing that the IPN structure offers certain improvement in the general properties. In addition, the hybrid resins lead to high-resolution prototypes with a complex microarchitecture and excellent surface finishing, indicating that sustainable bio-based resins can be applied in stereolithographic 3D printing.
Non-invasive assessment of local arterial pulse pressure: comparison of applanation tonometry and echo-tracking (2001)

Pulse pressure obtained from alternatively calibrated tonometer-derived pressure waves and echo-tracking-derived distension waves demonstrates good accuracy. Accuracy of pulse pressure from internally calibrated applanation tonometer readings at the carotid artery is poor.
Public Information: From Nosy Neighbors to Cultural Evolution (2004)

Psychologists, economists, and advertising moguls have long known that human decision-making is strongly influenced by the behavior of others. A rapidly accumulating body of evidence suggests that the same is true in animals. Individuals can use information arising from cues inadvertently produced by the behavior of other individuals with similar requirements. Many of these cues provide public information about the quality of alternatives. The use of public information is taxonomically widespread and can enhance fitness. Public information can lead to cultural evolution, which we suggest may then affect biological evolution.