gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A pattern reconfigurable printed quasi-Yagi antenna with slots in the directors (2010)

In this paper, a pattern reconfigurable printed quasi-Yagi antenna with slots in the directors is presented. The simulation results show that the impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is excellent, and the gain variation within operating bandwidth is relatively small. By controlling the states of the switches, the main beam of the proposed antenna in the xoy plane can be shifted to the one of four angles. The antenna is also fabricated and measured. There is a good agreement between the simulated and measured results. The proposed antenna has the potential for modern wireless communication.
Oxidant-Switchable Selective Synthesis of 2-Aminobenzimidazoles via C–H Amination/Acetoxylation of Guanidines (2014)

The iodine(III) compound promoted C-H amination and tandem C-H amination/acetoxylation of guanidines are achieved for the first time to provide efficiently 2-aminobenzimidazoles and acetoxyl-substituted 2-aminobenzimidazoles, respectively. The amount and type of iodine(III) compounds control the selective syntheses of two types of 2-aminobenzimidazoles. This reaction shows good regioselectivity when unsymmetrical substrates are used.
Down-Regulation of Mcl-1 by Small Interfering RNA Sensitizes Resistant Melanoma Cells to Fas-Mediated Apoptosis (2008)

Resistance of malignant melanoma cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis is among the mechanisms by which they escape immune surveillance. However, the mechanisms contributing to their resistance are not completely understood, and it is still unclear whether antiapoptotic Bcl-2-related family proteins play a role in this resistance. In this study, we report that treatment of Fas-resistant melanoma cell lines with cycloheximide, a general inhibitor of de novo protein synthesis, sensitizes them to anti-Fas monoclonal antibody (mAb)-induced apoptosis. The cycloheximide-induced sensitization to Fas-induced apoptosis is associated with a rapid down-regulation of Mcl-1 protein levels, but not that of Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL. Targeting Mcl-1 in these melanoma cell lines with specific small interfering RNA was sufficient to sensitize them to both anti-Fas mAb-induced apoptosis and activation of caspase-9. Furthermore, ectopic expression of Mcl-1 in a Fas-sensitive melanoma cell line rescues the cells from Fas-mediated apoptosis. Our results further show that the expression of Mcl-1 in melanoma cells is regulated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and not by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway. Inhibition of ERK signaling with the mitogen-activated protein/ERK kinase-1 inhibitor or by expressing a dominant negative form of mitogen-activated protein/ERK kinase-1 also sensitizes resistant melanoma cells to anti-Fas mAb-induced apoptosis. Thus, our study identifies mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK/Mcl-1 as an important survival signaling pathway in the resistance of melanoma cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis and suggests that its targeting may contribute to the elimination of melanoma tumors by the immune system.
Combination of Machine Translation Systems via Hypothesis Selection from Combined n-best lists (2008)

Different approaches in machine translation achieve similar translation quality with a variety of translations in the output. Recently it has been shown, that it is possible to leverage the individual strengths of various systems and improve the overall translation quality by combining translation outputs. In this paper we present a method of hypothesis selection which is relatively simple compared to system combination methods which construct a synthesis of the input hypotheses. Our method uses information from n-best lists from several MT systems and features on the sentence level which are independent from the MT systems involved to improve the translation quality.
A line matching method based on local and global appearance (2011)

This paper proposes a line matching method based on both local neighborhood gradient and global structure information of lines. Firstly we generate an initial set of line segment correspondences using our improved Mean Standard Deviation Line Descriptor (MSLD). Then candidate matches those violate the global topological structure of lines are removed to eliminate wrong matches. Finally iterative topological filter is used to search for more matches, whilst global angle constrains are implemented to get rid of wrong matches and make the algorithm more efficient. Experiments show that the proposed method is highly robust under the conditions of heavy illumination change, rotation, image blur, viewpoint change, scale change, etc. Comparisons on image database demonstrate that our method greatly outperforms the state-of-art methods in matching accuracy and efficiency.
Electron paramagnetic resonance study of the diphenylketyl radical at low temperatures (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron paramagnetic resonance study of the diphenylketyl radical at low temperaturesHisao Murai, Mamoru Jinguji, and Kinichi ObiCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1976, 80, 4, 429–430Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100545a018https://doi.org/10.1021/j100545a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views31Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Oxaliplatin elicits mechanical and cold allodynia in rodents via TRPA1 receptor stimulation (2011)

Platinum-based anticancer drugs cause neurotoxicity. In particular, oxaliplatin produces early-developing, painful, and cold-exacerbated paresthesias. However, the mechanism underlying these bothersome and dose-limiting adverse effects is unknown. We hypothesized that the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a cation channel activated by oxidative stress and cold temperature, contributes to mechanical and cold hypersensitivity caused by oxaliplatin and cisplatin. Oxaliplatin and cisplatin evoked glutathione-sensitive relaxation, mediated by TRPA1 stimulation and the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from sensory nerve terminals in isolated guinea pig pulmonary arteries. No calcium response was observed in cultured mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons or in naïve Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells exposed to oxaliplatin or cisplatin. However, oxaliplatin, and with lower potency, cisplatin, evoked a glutathione-sensitive calcium response in CHO cells expressing mouse TRPA1. One single administration of oxaliplatin produced mechanical and cold hyperalgesia in rats, an effect selectively abated by the TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031. Oxaliplatin administration caused mechanical and cold allodynia in mice. Both responses were absent in TRPA1-deficient mice. Administration of cisplatin evoked mechanical allodynia, an effect that was reduced in TRPA1-deficient mice. TRPA1 is therefore required for oxaliplatin-evoked mechanical and cold hypersensitivity, and contributes to cisplatin-evoked mechanical allodynia. Channel activation is most likely caused by glutathione-sensitive molecules, including reactive oxygen species and their byproducts, which are generated after tissue exposure to platinum-based drugs from cells surrounding nociceptive nerve terminals.
Changes in beta-adrenoceptors in heart failure due to myocardial infarction are attenuated by blockade of renin-angiotensin system. (2004)

Earlier studies have revealed an improvement of cardiac function in animals with congestive heart failure (CHF) due to myocardial infarction (MI) by treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Since heart failure is also associated with attenuated responses to catecholamines, we examined the effects of imidapril, an ACE inhibitor, on the β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) signal transduction in the failing heart. Heart failure in rats was induced by occluding the coronary artery, and 3 weeks later the animals were treated with 1 mg/(kg·day) (orally) imidapril for 4 weeks. The animals were assessed for their left ventricular function and inotropic responses to isoproterenol. Cardiomyocytes and crude membranes were isolated from the non-ischemic viable left ventricle and examined for the intracellular concentration of Ca(2+) [Ca(2+)]i and β-ARs as well as adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity, respectively. Animals with heart failure exhibited depressions in ventricular function and positive inotropic response to isoproterenol as well as isoproterenol-induced increase in [Ca(2+)]i in cardiomyocytes; these changes were attenuated by imidapril treatment. Both β1-AR receptor density and isoproterenol-stimulated AC activity were decreased in the failing heart and these alterations were prevented by imidapril treatment. Alterations in cardiac function, positive inotropic effect of isoproterenol, β1-AR density and isoproterenol-stimulated AC activity in the failing heart were also attenuated by treatment with another ACE inhibitor, enalapril and an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, losartan. The results indicate that imidapril not only attenuates cardiac dysfunction but also prevents changes in β-AR signal transduction in CHF due to MI. These beneficial effects are similar to those of enalapril or losartan and thus appear to be due to blockade of the renin-angiotensin system. (Mol Cell Biochem 263: 11-20, 2004).
Safe Trajectory Planning of Autonomous Vehicles (2006)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006.
Optimisation of a lithium magnesiate for use in the non-cryogenic asymmetric deprotonation of prochiral ketones (2013)

A study has been conducted to determine whether lithium magnesiates are feasible candidates for the enantioselective deprotonation of 4-alkylcyclohexanones. The commercially available chiral amine (+)-bis[(R)-1-phenylethyl]amine (2-H) was utilised to induce enantioselection. When transformed to its lithium salt and combined with (n)Bu2Mg, improved enantioselective deprotonation of 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone (with respect to the monometallic lithium amide) at 20 °C was observed. In an attempt to optimise the reaction further, different additives were added to the lithium amide. The best performing deprotonations at 0 °C were those in which (Me3SiCH2)2Mg (er pro-S 74 : 26) and (Me3SiCH2)2Mn (er pro-S 72 : 28) were added, hence the lithium magnesiate "LiMg(2)(CH2SiMe3)2" was used in the remainder of the study. The optimum solvent for the reaction was found to be THF. NMR spectroscopic studies of a D8-THF solution of "LiMg(2)(CH2SiMe3)2" appear to show that this mono-amide bis-alkyl species is in equilibrium with a bis-amide mono-alkyl compound (and a tris-alkyl lithium magnesiate). When a genuine bis-amide lithium magnesiate solution is used, the deprotonation results were essentially identical to those obtained for "LiMg(2)(CH2SiMe3)2". By adding LiCl to "LiMg(2)(CH2SiMe3)2" the er at 0 °C improved to 81 : 19. At -78 °C good yields and an er of 93 : 7 were obtained. This LiCl-containing base was used to successfully deprotonate other 4-alkylcyclohexanones.
Interaction of cyclohexyl isocyanate with oxoruthenium(V) 2-alkyl-2-hydroxybutyrates (1992)

The interaction of the tetra-n-propylammonium salts of the oxoruthenium(V) anions [RuO{OCEt(R)C(O)O}2]–(R = Me or Et) with excess of cyclohexyl isocyanate in toluene or tetrahydrofuran forms salts of the amidoruthenium(IV) anions [Ru{NH(C6H11)}{OCEt(R)(O)O}2]–. Interaction of these amido species with dioxygen affords the corresponding paramagnetic imidoruthenium(V) anions. The crystal structure of the amido complex with R = Et has been determined by X-ray diffraction. The Ru atom is trigonal bipyramidally co-ordinated by two chelating OCEt2C(O)O ligands and a terminal NH(C6H11) ligand; the carboxylate oxygen atoms are axial, while the deprotonated hydroxy groups and the amido ligand are equatorial. The Ru–N–C angle of 132.1° is consistent with an amido ligand; although the amido H atom could not be located crystallographically, its presence is clearly indicated by IR, 1H NMR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Acute Retinal Ischemia Inhibits Endothelium-Dependent Nitric Oxide–Mediated Dilation of Retinal Arterioles via Enhanced Superoxide Production (2011)

Endothelium-dependent NO-mediated dilation of retinal arterioles is impaired by 90 minutes of ischemia induced by elevated IOP. The inhibitory effect appears to be mediated by the alteration of NO signaling via vascular superoxide.
A scan-line hidden surface removal procedure for constructive solid geometry (1983)

This paper presents a new methodology for resolving visible surface images of solid models derived from Boolean combinations of volumetric building blocks. The algorithm introduced here is an extension of well-established scan-line hidden surface removal procedures, and it integrates knowledge of a Boolean construction tree in the surface resolution process. Several hidden surface coherence properties are discussed in terms of their possible exploitation in the intricate solid model visualization process. While many of the earlier coherence techniques depend on a polygon environment in which surfaces and volumes do not intersect, the Boolean process can not afford that luxury because it is inherently required to handle intersecting volumes and surfaces. Initial tests indicate that substantial performance improvements over previous methods can be achieved with the algorithm described in this paper, and that these improvements increase as model complexity increases. An underlying philosophy of a dual solid modeling system is proposed in this paper. It suggests that two solid modelers are necessary to successfully satisfy both analytical precision requirements and user interface visualization requirements. The visual solid modeling task addressed in this paper provides greatly improved response capabilities, as compared to other systems, by striving to optimize the constructive solid model (CSG) solid model computations specifically for display purposes.
Mitochondrially localized ERK2 regulates mitophagy and autophagic cell stress (2008)

Degenerating neurons of Parkinson's disease (PD) patient brains exhibit granules of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) that localize to autophagocytosed mitochondria. Here we show that 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) elicits activity-related localization of ERK1/2 in mitochondria of SH-SY5Y cells, and these events coincide with induction of autophagy and precede mitochondrial degradation. Transient transfection of wildtype (WT) ERK2 or constitutively active MAPK/ERK Kinase 2 (MEK2-CA) was sufficient to induce mitophagy to a degree comparable with that elicited by 6-OHDA, while constitutively active ERK2 (ERK2-CA) had a greater effect. We developed green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion constructs of WT, CA, and kinase-deficient (KD) ERK2 to study the role of ERK2 localization in regulating mitophagy and cell death. Under basal conditions, cells transfected with GFP-ERK2-WT or GFP-ERK2-CA, but not GFP-ERK2-KD, displayed discrete cytoplasmic ERK2 granules of which a significant fraction colocalized with mitochondria and markers of autophagolysosomal maturation. The colocalizing GFP-ERK2/mitochondria granules are further increased by 6-OHDA and undergo autophagic degradation, as bafilomycin-A, an inhibitor of autolysosomal degradation, robustly increased their detection. Interestingly, increasing ERK2-WT or ERK2-CA expression was sufficient to promote comparable levels of macroautophagy as assessed by analysis of the autophagy marker microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3). In contrast, the level of mitophagy was more tightly correlated with ERK activity levels, potentially explained by the greater localization of ERK2-CA to mitochondria compared to ERK2-WT. These data indicate that mitochondrial localization of ERK2 activity is sufficient to recapitulate the effects of 6-OHDA on mitophagy and autophagic cell death.
The Effects of Vitex agnus castus Extract and its Interaction with Dopaminergic System on LH and Testosterone in Male Mice (2007)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the probable effects of Vitex agnus castus (Vac.) on the male reproductive physiology. It is a well known fact that LH secretion from the anterior pituitary of mammals is controlled by many neurotransmiters such as dopamine. In this experiment, we have studied the effect of Vac. extract on the LH and testosterone hormones and its interaction with the dopaminergic system on male mice. In order to evaluate these effects, we used the hydroalcoholic Vac. extract (for extraction we used percolation technique) injection with the following doses: 65, 165, 265, 365 and 465 mg kg-', bromocriptine as a dopamine receptor agonist (5, 10, 20 mg kg(-1)) and haloperidol as a dopamine receptor antagonist (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 mg kg(-1)). To study the interaction between Vac. extract and dopaminergic system, we injected the optimum doses of Vac. with bromocriptine or haloperidol at the same time. Intraperitoneal injections were applied in all experiments, once a day for 30 days. The control group remained intact and the sham group received vehicle. After the last injection, we collected the animal blood serums for hormonal assays. LH and testosterone were measured by Radio Immuno Assay (RIA). LH and testosterone, showed significant decrease in bromocriptine group and haloperidol increased these hormones. Vac. extract decreased significantly the LH and testosterone levels. The coadministration of Vac. extract and bromocriptine decreased LH and testosterone. Coadministration of Vac. extract and haloperidol decreased LH and testosterone levels. These results suggest: dopamine regulates the gonadotroph-leydig cells axis. It appears that Vac. exertes effects through dopaminergic system and other pathways. The findings of this study show we can use Vac. extract for pathological cases of increasing LH and testosterone.
CD56bright cells differ in their KIR repertoire and cytotoxic features from CD56dim NK cells (2001)

In this study we present new differential characteristics of NK cells expressing CD56 surface antigen in low (CD56dim) or high (CD56bright) density. In contrast to CD56bright NK cells CD56dim cells express killer cell immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptors (KIR) such as CD158a, CD158b, and NKB1. However, c-type lectin-like receptors (KLR) CD94/NKG2 and CD161 are present on both subsets. The ability to form conjugates with susceptible targets is approximately twice as strongly pronounced in CD56dim vs. CD56bright NK cells. Last but not least, granules of CD56dim cells contain about tenfold more perforin and granzyme A enabling potentially more effective cytolysis compared to CD56bright NK cells. On the other hand, CD56bright NK cells are superior in producing the proinflammatory cytokines IFN-gamma (28.5% vs. 20.8%, p<0.05) and TNF-alpha (28% vs. 15.8%, p<0.001). The different NK cell populations retained their specific phenotype in vitro during culture in the presence of IL-2 contradicting that they simply display different stages of maturity. Taken together our data support the view that CD56bright cells are specialized NK cells that regulate immunological response mechanisms rather by cytokine supply than by their cytotoxic potential. The poor cytolytic capacity of CD56bright NK cells can be explained by weak ability in forming conjugates with target cells and low contents of perforin and granzyme A in their granules.
Linearity and stability of the AVL and Nova magnesium and calcium ion-selective electrodes (1996)

We studied the stability and linearity of the AVL and Nova Mg and Ca ion-selective electrodes and the relation between the ionized Ca and ionized Mg results reported by each analyzer. The response of the electrodes to different concentrations of Mg and Ca was determined for saline solutions, aqueous solutions, and serum samples. The electrodes from both manufacturers demonstrated acceptable stability for the time of the study. The response of the electrodes was linear within the range specified by each manufacturer, but relative nonlinearity and the values for the linear limits differed between the AVL and Nova analyzers. The ionized Mg results varied with the concentration of Ca. The relation between ionized Ca and ionized Mg results was nonlinear and differed between the AVL and Nova electrodes. Intermethod comparison between the electrodes showed poor agreement for ionized Mg results, especially at low and high concentrations of total Ca and total Mg.
Acute Hypersensitivity of Pluripotent Testicular Cancer-Derived Embryonal Carcinoma to Low-Dose 5-Aza Deoxycytidine Is Associated with Global DNA Damage-Associated p53 Activation, Anti-Pluripotency and DNA Demethylation (2012)

Human embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells are the stem cells of nonseminoma testicular germ cells tumors (TGCTs) and share remarkable similarities to human embryonic stem (ES) cells. In prior work we found that EC cells are hypersensitive to low nanomolar doses of 5-aza deoxycytidine (5-aza) and that this hypersensitivity partially depended on unusually high levels of the DNA methyltransferase, DNMT3B. We show here that low-dose 5-aza treatment results in DNA damage and induction of p53 in NT2/D1 cells. In addition, low-dose 5-aza results in global and gene specific promoter DNA hypomethylation. Low-dose 5-aza induces a p53 transcriptional signature distinct from that induced with cisplatin in NT2/D1 cells and also uniquely downregulates genes associated with pluripotency including NANOG, SOX2, GDF3 and Myc target genes. Changes in the p53 and pluripotency signatures with 5-aza were to a large extent dependent on high levels of DNMT3B. In contrast to the majority of p53 target genes upregulated by 5-aza that did not show DNA hypomethylation, several other genes induced with 5-aza had corresponding decreases in promoter methylation. These genes include RIN1, SOX15, GPER, and TLR4 and are novel candidate tumors suppressors in TGCTs. Our studies suggest that the hypersensitivity of NT2/D1 cells to low-dose 5-aza is multifactorial and involves the combined activation of p53 targets, repression of pluripotency genes, and activation of genes repressed by DNA methylation. Low-dose 5-aza therapy may be a general strategy to treat those tumors that are sustained by cells with embryonic stem-like properties.GEO NUMBER FOR THE MICROARRAY DATA: GSE42647.