gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Gene Expression by Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Requires Nuclear Translocation of the Kinase: Identification of a Nuclear Localization Signal (1997)

We recently demonstrated that cyclic GMP (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase (G-kinase) activates the human fos promoter in a strictly cGMP-dependent manner (T. Gudi et al., J. Biol. Chem. 271:4597-4600, 1996). Here, we demonstrate that G-kinase translocates to the nucleus by an active transport mechanism which requires a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and is regulated by cGMP. Immunofluorescent staining of G-kinase was predominantly cytoplasmic in untreated cells, but intense nuclear staining appeared in 8-bromo (Br)-cGMP-treated cells. We identified a putative NLS in the G-kinase ATP binding domain which resembles the NLS of the interleukin-1alpha precursor. Fusion of the G-kinase NLS to the N terminus of beta-galactosidase produced a chimeric protein which localized to the nucleus. Mutation of a single amino acid residue (K407-->E) within the G-kinase NLS produced an enzyme with normal cGMP-dependent activity in vitro which did not translocate to the nucleus and did not transactivate the fos promoter in the presence of 8-Br-cGMP in vivo. In contrast, N-terminally truncated versions of G-kinase with constitutive, cGMP-independent activity in vitro localized to the nucleus and transactivated the fos promoter in the absence of 8-Br-cGMP. These results indicate that nuclear localization of G-kinase is required for transcriptional activation of the fos promoter and suggest that a conformational change of the kinase, induced by cGMP binding or by removal of the N-terminal autoinhibitory domain, functionally activates an otherwise cryptic NLS.
Detection of<i>Clostridium tyrobutyricum</i>spores using polyclonal antibodies and flow cytometry (2009)

This study describes the basis for the development of a method suitable for analysis of milk destined for cheese manufacture that would permit the detection of Cl. tyrobutyricum spores in a short period. This would enable the industry to use contaminated milk for dairy products other than cheese where Cl. tyrobutyricum does not cause a problem.
Massage Therapy Attenuates Inflammatory Signaling After Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage (2012)

Massage therapy is commonly used during physical rehabilitation of skeletal muscle to ameliorate pain and promote recovery from injury. Although there is evidence that massage may relieve pain in injured muscle, how massage affects cellular function remains unknown. To assess the effects of massage, we administered either massage therapy or no treatment to separate quadriceps of 11 young male participants after exercise-induced muscle damage. Muscle biopsies were acquired from the quadriceps (vastus lateralis) at baseline, immediately after 10 min of massage treatment, and after a 2.5-hour period of recovery. We found that massage activated the mechanotransduction signaling pathways focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), potentiated mitochondrial biogenesis signaling [nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α)], and mitigated the rise in nuclear factor κB (NFκB) (p65) nuclear accumulation caused by exercise-induced muscle trauma. Moreover, despite having no effect on muscle metabolites (glycogen, lactate), massage attenuated the production of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and reduced heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) phosphorylation, thereby mitigating cellular stress resulting from myofiber injury. In summary, when administered to skeletal muscle that has been acutely damaged through exercise, massage therapy appears to be clinically beneficial by reducing inflammation and promoting mitochondrial biogenesis.
Iterative 3D surface modelling from a sparse set of matched feature points (2003)

We present an iterative algorithm to reconstruct a 3D object surface from a sparse set of matched feature points on the input stereo images of the object. The initial matches are sparse and do not have to be accurate. The reconstructed 3D surface is represented in terms of triangular polygons whose vertices are initially the 3D points corresponding to these matched feature points. In order to render photorealistic images of the surface, these feature points are iteratively updated. New feature points are added into the feature point set as well as the depth estimates of the feature points are refined. Experimental results showing the updated correspondences, reconstructed surfaces and virtual views rendered from new directions are presented.
An Online Context-Aware Machine Learning Algorithm for 5G mmWave Vehicular Communications (2018)

Millimeter-Wave (mmWave) bands have become the de-facto candidate for 5G vehicle-to-everything (V2X) since future vehicular systems demand Gbps links to acquire the necessary sensory information for (semi)-autonomous driving. Nevertheless, the directionality of mmWave communications and its susceptibility to blockage raise severe questions on the feasibility of mmWave vehicular communications. The dynamic nature of 5G vehicular scenarios and the complexity of directional mmWave communication calls for higher context-awareness and adaptability. To this aim, we propose an online learning algorithm addressing the problem of beam selection with environment-awareness in mmWave vehicular systems. In particular, we model this problem as a contextual multi-armed bandit problem. Next, we propose a lightweight context-aware online learning algorithm, namely fast machine learning (FML), with proven performance bound and guaranteed convergence. FML exploits coarse user location information and aggregates the received data to learn from and adapt to its environment. Furthermore, we demonstrate the feasibility of a real-world implementation of FML by proposing a standard-compliant protocol based on the existing architecture of cellular networks and the forthcoming features of 5G. We also perform an extensive evaluation using realistic traffic patterns derived from Google Maps. Our evaluation shows that FML enables mmWave base stations to achieve near-optimal performance on average within 33 mins of deployment by learning from the available context. Moreover, FML remains within ~ 5% of the optimal performance by swift adaptation to system changes (i.e., blockage, traffic).
Determinants of nicotine intake while chewing nicotine polacrilex gum (1987)

Nicotine polacrilex gum is widely used as substitution therapy during cigarette smoking cessation. We studied circadian blood nicotine concentrations, daily intake of nicotine, and extraction of nicotine from gum in smokers switched experimentally to 2 or 4 mg nicotine gum, 12 pieces per day. Nicotine levels and intake were much lower while chewing gum than during ad libitum smoking. Extraction of nicotine from gum by the chewer was incomplete, averaging 53% and 72% for 2 and 4 mg gum, and variable (more than twofold) among individuals. The systemic dose of nicotine was less than expected based on analysis of nicotine in the chewed gum. Disproportionately higher metabolite-to-nicotine ratios while chewing gum compared with smoking suggested that some nicotine was swallowed and underwent first-pass metabolism. Nicotine and metabolite data were used to estimate buccal vs. gastrointestinal absorption. Relative buccal absorption vs. swallowing of nicotine appears to be an important determinant of systemic nicotine intake.
Chemistry of <i>meso</i> -Dimethylaminopropenyl- porphyrins and -bisporphyrins: the Synthesis of Australochlorin, a Benzochlorin Isomer. (1997)

The nickel(II) complex of meso -dimethylaminoprop-1-enyloctaethylporphyrin (2c) was converted by quaternization and thermolysis into a pair of novel isomeric macrocyclic complexes (3) and (4). These have a fused six-membered ring, and an exocyclic double bond on the neighbouring ß-position, and have been named ‘australochlorins’. Heating these compounds in acetic acid leads to the known nickel(II) octaethylbenzochlorin (1) and a novel ß-(1-acetoxyethyl)benzochlorin (5). Trifluoroacetic acid promotes the regioselective formation of benzochlorin/porphyrin species from the mononickel(II) complexes of the acrolein derivatives of bis(octaethylporphyrinyl)ethane and trans -ethene.
Color correction of uncalibrated images for the classification of human skin color (2007)

Images of a scene captured with multiple cameras will have different color values due to variations in capture and color rendering across devices. We present a method to accurately retrieve color information from uncalibrated images taken under uncontrolled lighting conditions with an unknown device and no access to raw data, but with a limited number of reference colors in the scene. The method is used to assess skin tones. A subject is imaged with the calibration target in the scene. This target is extracted and its color values are used to compute a color correction transform that is applied to the entire image. We establish that the best mapping is done using a target consisting of skin colored patches representing a range of human skin colors. We show that color information extracted from images is well correlated with color data derived from spectral measurements of skin. We also show that skin color can be consistently measured across cameras with different color rendering and resolutions ranging from 0.1 Mpixels to 4.0 Mpixels.
A simple method for estimation of gastric mucus and effects of antiulcerogenic agents on the decrease in mucus during water-immersion stress in rats. (1986)

In the present study Corne's technique that has been commonly used to quantify the gastric mucus in situ using the dye, Alcian blue, has been improved. Furthermore, the effects of antiulcerogenic agents on the decrease in gastric mucus gel during water-immersion stress were also studied. In order to increase the extraction of dye-recovery, we used 30% dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (docusate sodium, DSS) instead of 0.5 mol/l MgCl2 used in Corne's technique. The control values of the dye-recovery extracted with DSS were about 5 times higher than those with MgCl2. Indomethacin (20 mg/kg s.c.) failed to influence dye-recovery with DSS and MgCl2, while reserpine (5 mg/kg i.p.) significantly decreased the dye-recovery in both extractions. Water-immersion stress for 2 h decreased the dye-recovery with DSS but the dye-recovery with MgCl2 decreased only 15 min after water-immersion. These results suggest that extraction with DSS reflects the mucus gel secretion, and that dye-recovery with DSS is more sensitive to alteration of mucus gel than that with MgCl2. Bombesin (10 micrograms/kg), secretin (100 U/kg) and mild irritants increased the dye-recovery with DSS. Cimetidine remarkably reduced the mucus secretion and failed to improve the decrease in mucus during water-immersion stress. Pirenzepine and atropine dose-dependently prevented the decrease in the dye-recovery during water-immersion stress.
Detection of labile zinc-binding ligands in biological fluids by modified gel filtration chromatography (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetection of labile zinc-binding ligands in biological fluids by modified gel filtration chromatographyGary W. Evans, Phyllis E. Johnson, John G. Brushmiller, and Richard W. AmesCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 7, 839–843Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50043a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50043a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views180Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cartilage markers and their association with cartilage loss on magnetic resonance imaging in knee osteoarthritis: the Boston Osteoarthritis Knee Study (2007)

We used data from a longitudinal observation study to determine whether markers of cartilage turnover could serve as predictors of cartilage loss on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We conducted a study of data from the Boston Osteoarthritis of the Knee Study (BOKS), a completed natural history study of knee osteoarthritis (OA). All subjects in the study met American College of Rheumatology criteria for knee OA. Baseline and follow-up knee magnetic resonance images were scored for cartilage loss by means of the WORMS (Whole Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score) semiquantitative grading scheme. Within the BOKS population, 80 subjects who experienced cartilage loss and 80 subjects who did not were selected for the purposes of this nested case control study. We assessed the baseline levels of cartilage degradation and synthesis products by means of assays for type I and II cleavage by collagenases (Col2:3/4C(short) or C1,2C), type II cleavage only with Col2:3/4C(longmono) (C2C), type II synthesis (C-propeptide), the C-telopeptide of type II (Col2CTx), aggrecan 846 epitope, and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). We performed a logistic regression to examine the relation of levels of each biomarker to the risk of cartilage loss in any knee. All analyses were adjusted for gender, age, and body mass index (BMI); results stratified by gender gave similar results. One hundred thirty-seven patients with symptomatic knee OA were assessed. At baseline, the mean (standard deviation) age was 67 (9) years and 54% were male. Seventy-six percent of the subjects had radiographic tibiofemoral OA (Kellgren & Lawrence grade of greater than or equal to 2) and the remainder had patellofemoral OA. With the exception of COMP, none of the other biomarkers was a statistically significant predictor of cartilage loss. For a 1-unit increase in COMP, the odds of cartilage loss increased 6.09 times (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34 to 27.67). After the analysis of COMP was adjusted for age, gender, and BMI, the risk for cartilage loss was 6.35 (95% CI 1.36 to 29.65). Among subjects with symptomatic knee OA, a single measurement of increased COMP predicted subsequent cartilage loss on MRI. The other biochemical markers of cartilage synthesis and degradation do not facilitate prediction of cartilage loss. With the exception of COMP, if changes in cartilage turnover in patients with symptomatic knee OA are associated with cartilage loss, they do not appear to affect systemic biomarker levels.
Quantitation of spironolactone in the presence of canremone using high-performance liquid chromatography (1991)

Two stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography methods have been developed to quantify spironolactone in the presence of its product(s) of decomposition. Both methods are accurate and precise with percent relative standard deviation of 0.7 based on 5 readings using microC18 column and 0.9 using microphenyl column. By using different wavelengths, the sensitivity of the methods to quantify spironolactone or canrenone (the major product of decomposition of spironolactone) can be increased many times. Spironolactone appears to be relatively stable between pH values of about 3.4-5.2. In the acidic pH, the decomposition is slower than on the basic side of the pH. Even at pH 7.3, the decomposition was about 3.1 times faster than at pH 2.3.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF STABLE CLOSO‐ AND NIDO‐COBALTABORANES FROM NA(+)B5H8(‐) COMPLEXES OF THE FORMAL B4H8(2‐) AND B4H6(4‐) LIGANDS (1973)

Abstract Die Reaktion von überschüssigem CoCl 2 und Na‐cyclopentadienid in THF mit einer THF‐Lösung von Na‐oktahydridopentaborat bei ‐196°C liefert beim Erwärmen auf Raumtemperatur neben einer Reihe nicht identifizierter Produkte die Cobaltaborane (I)‐(III), die säulen‐ und dünnschichtchromatographisch getrennt werden und von denen (I) vorherrschend ist.
The Ratio of Aspartate Aminotransferase to Alanine Aminotransferase: Potential Value in Differentiating Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis From Alcoholic Liver Disease (1999)

The AST to ALT ratio appears to be a useful index for distinguishing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from alcoholic liver disease. Although values < 1 suggest NASH, a ratio of > or = 2 is strongly suggestive of alcoholic liver disease.
Nitrogen-containing Compounds from Brachystemma calycinum (2001)

Six compounds including five nitrogen-containing compounds and one possible artifact have been isolated from the ethanol extract of Brachystemma calycinum, a folk medicine in Yunnan Province. Their structures were identified as brachystemoside A (1),which was a new compound , together with five known compounds namely methyl L-pyroglutamate (2), adenosine (3), 2-minaline (4), 3'-furfuryl-pyrrole-2-carboxylate(5)and ethyl α-D-glucopyranoside(6)by spectral and chemical means respectively.
A wide-band direct conversion receiver for WCDMA applications (2003)

Current digital mobile communications systems, such as GSM, are specified for voice-band applications. The channel bandwidths up to some hundreds of kHz limit data transfer to low bit rates, in applications such as electronic mail. The 3rd-generation global mobile system is in development under the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). It will be capable of transmitting various services from voice to multimedia with different quality requirements for single or multiple users in the same frequency band. Data rates from 8 to 384 kb/s in wide-area applications, and even 2 Mb/s indoors, will be possible. The flexibility comes from use of the wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) scheme in the radio interface.
Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains Isolated from Peruvian Children (2010)

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of childhood diarrhea. The present study sought to determine the prevalence and distribution of toxin types, colonization factors (CFs), and antimicrobial susceptibility of ETEC strains isolated from Peruvian children. We analyzed ETEC strains isolated from Peruvian children between 2 and 24 months of age in a passive surveillance study. Five E. coli colonies per patient were studied by multiplex real-time PCR to identify ETEC virulence factors. ETEC-associated toxins were confirmed using a GM1-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Confirmed strains were tested for CFs by dot blot assay using 21 monoclonal antibodies. We analyzed 1,129 samples from children with diarrhea and 744 control children and found ETEC in 5.3% and 4.3%, respectively. ETEC was more frequently isolated from children >12 months of age than from children <12 months of age (P < 0.001). Fifty-two percent of ETEC isolates from children with diarrhea and 72% of isolates from controls were heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) positive and heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) negative; 25% and 19%, respectively, were LT negative and ST positive; and 23% and 9%, respectively, were LT positive and ST positive. CFs were identified in 64% of diarrheal samples and 37% of control samples (P < 0.05). The most common CFs were CS6 (14% and 7%, respectively), CS12 (12% and 4%, respectively), and CS1 (9% and 4%, respectively). ST-producing ETEC strains caused more severe diarrhea than non-ST-producing ETEC strains. The strains were most frequently resistant to ampicillin (71%) and co-trimoxazole (61%). ETEC was thus found to be more prevalent in older infants. LT was the most common toxin type; 64% of strains had an identified CF. These data are relevant in estimating the burden of disease due to ETEC and the potential coverage of children in Peru by investigational vaccines.
Moving Forward (2011)

In 1962, when the airport now known as Washington Dulles International Airport opened, it featured an innovative system of mobile lounges to transfer passengers from the iconic main terminal building to aircraft waiting on the tarmac. Today, the new Aerotrain automated people mover system at Dulles is designed both to replace the outdated lounges and to accommodate future growth under the airport’s ambitious expansion plan.
Circular paraboloid reflection cell for laser spectroscopic trace gas analysis (2016)

Absorption cells with circular geometry are a class of multipass reflection cells consisting of a single, circular mirror. They can be particularly favorable for trace gas measurements because of their mechanical robustness, simplicity, and their optical versatility. In this article, we present detailed theoretical considerations and ray tracing simulations for the optimization of the optical design of circular multipass reflection cells. A parabolic mirror shape in a confocal arrangement is found to be most suitable for long optical paths in a small volume. We experimentally demonstrate more than 12 m optical path in a 14.5 cm diameter gas cell and NO<sub>2</sub> concentration measurements in ambient air with a measurement precision better than 0.1 ppb.
Silicon particles as trojan horses for potential cancer therapy (2014)

Porous silicon particles (PSiPs) have been used extensively as drug delivery systems, loaded with chemical species for disease treatment. It is well known from silicon producers that silicon is characterized by a low reduction potential, which in the case of PSiPs promotes explosive oxidation reactions with energy yields exceeding that of trinitrotoluene (TNT). The functionalization of the silica layer with sugars prevents its solubilization, while further functionalization with an appropriate antibody enables increased bioaccumulation inside selected cells. We present here an immunotherapy approach for potential cancer treatment. Our platform comprises the use of engineered silicon particles conjugated with a selective antibody. The conceptual advantage of our system is that after reaction, the particles are degraded into soluble and excretable biocomponents. In our study, we demonstrate in particular, specific targeting and destruction of cancer cells in vitro. The fact that the LD50 value of PSiPs-HER-2 for tumor cells was 15-fold lower than the LD50 value for control cells demonstrates very high in vitro specificity. This is the first important step on a long road towards the design and development of novel chemotherapeutic agents against cancer in general, and breast cancer in particular.
Gastric ischemia after epinephrine injection in a patient with liver cirrhosis (2013)

Endoscopic epinephrine injection is relatively easy, quick and inexpensive. Furthermore, it has a low rate of complications, and it is widely used for the management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. There have been several case reports of gastric ischemia after endoscopic injection therapy. Inadvertent intra-arterial injection may result in either spasm or thrombosis, leading to subsequent tissue ischemia or necrosis, although the stomach has a rich vascular supply and the vascular reserve of the intramural anastomosis. In addition to endoscopic injection therapy, smoking, hypertension and atherosclerosis are risk factors of gastric ischemia. We report a case of gastric ischemia after submucosal epinephrine injection in a 51-year-old woman with hypertension and liver cirrhosis.