gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells express neuronal phenotypes. (2004)

The data support the hypothesis that adipose tissue contains stem cells capable of differentiating into neurons. These stem cells can overcome their mesenchymal commitment, and may represent an alternative autologous stem cell source for CNS cell transplantation.
<title>Thermal considerations for fiber optic communication components</title> (2002)

The tight tolerances imposed on photonic components for standardized integration into DWDM systems requires that some form of temperature stabilization must be incorporated. Frequently this involves the use of traditional temperature sensors integrated into a classic control-feedback scheme involving thermo-electric coolers. While easy to implement, such a scheme is hardly novel and may result in an inefficient use of electrical power. A technique using flexible thermal tape configured into packages applicable for thermal stabilization of DWDM compliant laser diode sources and tunable filters is described.
Development of a phenotypic assay for characterisation of ethanologenic yeast strain sensitivity to inhibitors released from lignocellulosic feedstocks (2014)

Inhibitors released by the breakdown of plant cell walls prevent efficient conversion of sugar into ethanol. The aim of this study was to develop a fast and reliable inhibitor sensitivity assay for ethanologenic yeast strains. The assay comprised bespoke 96-well plates containing inhibitors in isolation or combination in a format that was compatible with the Phenotypic Microarray Omnilog reader (Biolog, hayward, CA, USA). A redox reporter within the assay permits analysis of inhibitor sensitivity in aerobic and/or anaerobic conditions. Results from the assay were verified using growth on spot plates and tolerance assays in which maintenance of viability was assessed. The assay allows for individual and synergistic effects of inhibitors to be determined. It was observed that the presence of both acetic and formic acid significantly inhibited the yeast strains assessed, although this impact could be partially mitigated by buffering to neutral pH. Scheffersomyces stipitis, Candida spp., and Pichia guilliermondii demonstrated increased sensitivity to short chain weak acids at concentrations typically present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. S. cerevisiae exhibited robustness to short chain weak acids at these concentrations. However, S. stipitis, Candida spp., and P. guilliermondii displayed increased tolerance to HMF when compared to that observed for S. cerevisiae. The results demonstrate that the phenotypic microarray assay developed in the current study is a valuable tool that can be used to identify yeast strains with desirable resistance to inhibitory compounds found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates.
Electronic cash on the Internet (2002)

It is generally realized that the Internet will not be able to offer full-fledged electronic marketplace capabilities without a suitable electronic mechanism for processing payments. The electronic payment mechanism that is presented offers a variety of features that are believed to be particularly appealing in this respect. To participate, an Internet user must interface to his computer a tamper-resistant device with an ordinary 8-bit microprocessor, typically a PCMCIA card, and install some software. Internet service providers do not need special hardware. Payments can be made off-line, and are untraceable and unlinkable. Multiparty security is guaranteed without parties having to trust other parties. Transaction processing speeds are such that even modestly equipped computers would be able to meet the performance levels required by demanding Internet payment applications. One particularly interesting such application is click-and-pay ability when travelling World-Wide-Web links.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Address assignment combined with scheduling in DSP code generation (2002)

One of the important issues in embedded system design is to optimize program code for the microprocessor to be stored in ROM. In this paper, we propose an integrated approach to the DSP address code generation problem for minimizing the number of addressing instructions. Unlike previous work in which code scheduling and offset assignment are performed sequentially without any interaction between them, our approach tightly couples the offset assignment problem with code scheduling to exploit scheduling on minimizing addressing instructions more effectively. We accomplish this by developing a fast but accurate two-phase procedure which, for a sequence of code schedules, finds a sequence of memory layouts with minimum addressing instructions. Experimental results with benchmark DSP programs show improvements of 13%-33% in the address code size over Solve-SOA/GOA.
Adhesion molecules in skeletogenesis: II. Neural cell adhesion molecules mediate precartilaginous mesenchymal condensations and enhance chondrogenesis (1993)

Neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) was expressed transiently by mesenchymal cells in precartilaginous condensations of the embryonic chicken limb but was lost upon differentiation into cartilage. Consequently, NCAM was present in the periphery of the limb anlagen but was absent in the cartilaginous center of the growing limb. To determine NCAM function in limb bud chondrogenesis we incubated dissociated stage 22/23 distal mesenchymal limb bud cells with Fab' fragments of antibodies to NCAM. Cell aggregation was inhibited by incubating the cells with anti-NCAM Fab'. These results suggest that NCAM may mediate the formation of precartilaginous condensations. This hypothesis was further tested using micromass cultures. NCAM expression in micromass cultures in vitro recapitulated that in vivo. NCAM was enriched in condensations of 2 day cultures, but was diminished and concentrically distributed around cartilage nodules in 4 day cultures. Anti-NCAM Fab' fragments reduced the area occupied by precartilaginous condensations and the degree of chondrogenic differentiation. Control antibody against chicken embryo fibroblasts had no effect. The effect of overexpressing NCAM was analyzed by electroporating expression vectors directing the synthesis of chicken NCAM. Limb bud cells cultured after electroporation with an NCAM expression vector displayed larger cartilage nodules and greater chondrogenic differentiation than cells electroporated with vector alone. The expression of NCAM in electroporated cells also increased. Control experiments using plasmids encoding beta-galactosidase indicated that approximately 10% of the limb bud cells were transfected under these conditions. The results suggest that NCAM is involved in the chondrogenesis pathway by mediating the formation of precartilaginous condensations.
Acetamidine Hydrochloride (2003)

Abstract Acetamidine hydrochloride product: acetamidine hydrochloride product: benzamidine hydrochloride
Cluster-based instance selection for machine classification (2011)

Instance selection in the supervised machine learning, often referred to as the data reduction, aims at deciding which instances from the training set should be retained for further use during the learning process. Instance selection can result in increased capabilities and generalization properties of the learning model, shorter time of the learning process, or it can help in scaling up to large data sources. The paper proposes a cluster-based instance selection approach with the learning process executed by the team of agents and discusses its four variants. The basic assumption is that instance selection is carried out after the training data have been grouped into clusters. To validate the proposed approach and to investigate the influence of the clustering method used on the quality of the classification, the computational experiment has been carried out.
Extraction of memory forensic artifacts from windows 7 RAM image (2013)

Memory Forensics is a novel and fast growing field in computer forensics, providing access to volatile information unavailable from a disk image. The memory forensics commenced when malware writers began reducing their footprints on the victim's hard disk and instead started storing crucial information within the machine's Random Access Memory. Windows 7 claims to be the most secure version of windows yet, thereby causing the forensic investigations a tedious one. Identification of kernel variables, running processes and extraction of process memory from a Windows 7 memory dump is more difficult when compared with previous versions of Windows. This paper discusses various windows kernel data structures and provides a methodology for extracting the list of running processes from 32-bit and 64-bit Windows 7 memory dump. The paper also presents a method for recovering process memory of running processes from a Windows 7 memory dump.
Tetrahydro-1,8-naphthyridinol Analogues of α-Tocopherol as Antioxidants in Lipid Membranes and Low-Density Lipoproteins (2007)

Recently we demonstrated that the C(7)-unsubstituted tetrahydro-1,8-naphthyridin-3-ol has more than an order of magnitude better peroxyl radical trapping activity than alpha-tocopherol (alpha-TOH) in inhibited autoxidations in benzene. In order to prepare analogues more structurally related to alpha-TOH for further studies in vitro and in vivo, we developed synthetic approaches to C(7)-monoalkyl and C(7)-dialkyl analogues using a sequence involving (1) AgNO3-mediated hydroxymethyl radical addition to 1,8-naphthyridine, (2) regioselective alkyllithium addition by cyclic chelation in a nonpolar solvent, (3) iodination of the naphthyridine at C(3), and (4) CuI-medidated benzyloxylation of the aryl iodide followed by catalytic hydrogenolysis. An alpha-TOH isostere was prepared by a Wittig coupling of a C16 side chain identical to that of alpha-TOH to the naphthyridinols. The C(7)-mono- and dialkyl analogues exhibited more than an order of magnitude higher antioxidant activity (k(inh) = (5.3-6.1) x 10(7) M(-1) s(-1)) than alpha-TOH (k(inh) = 0.35 x 10(7) M(-) s(-1)) in benzene, as determined by a newly developed peroxyl radical clock. In addition to the strong antioxidant activity in benzene, the closest alpha-TOH analogue (naphthyridinol-based tocopherol, N-TOH) showed excellent inhibition of the oxidation of cholesteryl esters in human low-density lipoprotein and spared endogenous alpha-TOH in these experiments. Lateral diffusion of N-TOH in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes was comparable to that of alpha-TOH, suggesting that it will have good antioxidant characteristics in both membranes and lipoproteins. Furthermore, a binding assay using a fluorescent tocopherol analogue showed that N-TOH binds to recombinant human tocopherol transfer protein better than alpha-TOH itself, suggesting that distribution of unnatural antioxidants such as N-TOH in vivo is possible.
GPFS-based implementation of a hyperconverged system for software defined infrastructure (2014)

The need for an increasingly dynamic and more cost-efficient data-center infrastructure has led to the adoption of a software defined model that is characterized by: the creation of a federated control plane to judiciously allocate and control appropriate heterogeneous infrastructure resources in an automated fashion, the ability for applications to specify criteria, such as performance, capacity, and service levels, without detailed knowledge of the underlying infrastructure; and the migration of data-plane capabilities previously embodied as purpose-built devices or firmware into software running on a standard operating systems in commercial off-the-shelf servers. This last trend of hardware-based capabilities migrating to software is enabling yet another shift to hyperconvergence, which refers to merger of traditionally separate networking, compute, and storage capabilities in integrated system software. This paper examines the convergence of the software defined infrastructure stack, and introduces a hyperconverged compute and storage architecture, in which the IBM General Parallel File System (GPFS®) implements the software defined data plane that dynamically supports workloads ranging from high-I/O virtual desktop infrastructure applications to more compute-oriented analytics applications. The performance and scalability characteristics of this architecture are evaluated with a prototype implementation.
Tetrahydro iso-Alpha Acids from Hops Improve Glucose Homeostasis and Reduce Body Weight Gain and Metabolic Endotoxemia in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice (2012)

Obesity and related metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are associated with a low-grade inflammatory state possibly through changes in gut microbiota composition and the development of higher plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, i.e. metabolic endotoxemia. Various phytochemical compounds have been investigated as potential tools to regulate these metabolic features. Humulus lupulus L. (hops) contains several classes of compounds with anti-inflammatory potential. Recent evidence suggests that hops-derived compounds positively impact adipocyte metabolism and glucose tolerance in obese and diabetic rodents via undefined mechanisms. In this study, we found that administration of tetrahydro iso-alpha acids (termed META060) to high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese and diabetic mice for 8 weeks reduced body weight gain, the development of fat mass, glucose intolerance, and fasted hyperinsulinemia, and normalized insulin sensitivity markers. This was associated with reduced portal plasma LPS levels, gut permeability, and higher intestinal tight junction proteins Zonula occludens-1 and occludin. Moreover, META060 treatment increased the plasma level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 and decreased the plasma level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. In conclusion, this research allows us to decipher a novel mechanism contributing to the positive effects of META060 treatment, and supports the need to investigate such compounds in obese and type 2 diabetic patients.
Constrained power control in cellular radio systems (2002)

High system capacities can be achieved by controlling the transmitter power in multiuser radio systems. Power control with no constraint on the maximum power level has been studied extensively in earlier work. Transmitter power is at a premium in radio systems such as cellular systems and PCS. There is a limit on the maximum transmitter power especially at the terminals (e.g. mobile units and handsets) since the power comes from a battery. In this paper we study power control that maximizes the minimum carrier to interference ratio (CIR), with a constraint on the maximum power. The optimal power vector solution lies on the boundary of the constrained power vector set and achieves a balance in the CIR's. Results indicate that the constraints do not induce any stability problems. A distributed scheme with favourable convergence properties and close to optimum performance is presented. Simulation results show that the algorithm tries to maximize the number of terminals served with CIR greater than or equal to the target CIR, while conserving power.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multiview and light-field reconstruction algorithms for 360° multiple-projector-type 3D display (2013)

Both multiview and light-field reconstructions are proposed for a multiple-projector 3D display system. To compare the performance of the reconstruction algorithms in the same system, an optimized multiview reconstruction algorithm with sub-view-zones (SVZs) is proposed. The algorithm divided the conventional view zones in multiview display into several SVZs and allocates more view images. The optimized reconstruction algorithm unifies the conventional multiview reconstruction and light-field reconstruction algorithms, which can indicate the difference in performance when multiview reconstruction is changed to light-field reconstruction. A prototype consisting of 60 projectors with an arc diffuser as its screen is constructed to verify the algorithms. Comparison of different configurations of SVZs shows that light-field reconstruction provides large-scale 3D images with the smoothest motion parallax; thus it may provide better overall performance for large-scale 360° display than multiview reconstruction.
A Two-Step Scheduling Algorithm to Support Dual Bandwidth Allocation Policies in an Ethernet Passive Optical Network (2004)

In this paper, we design a two-step scheduling algorithm to support multiple bandwidth allocation policies for upstream channel access in an Ethernet passive optical network. The proposed scheduling algorithm allows us a simultaneous approach for multiple access control policies: static bandwidth allocation for guaranteed bandwidth service and dynamic bandwidth allocation for on-demand, dynamic traffic services. In order to reduce the scheduling complexity, we separate the process of the transmission start- time decision from the process of grant generation. This technique does not require the timing information of other bandwidth allocation modules, so respective modules are free from a heavy amount of timing information or complex processing.
Liquid/Solid Interface of Ultrathin Ionic Liquid Films: [C<sub>1</sub>C<sub>1</sub>Im][Tf<sub>2</sub>N] and [C<sub>8</sub>C<sub>1</sub>Im][Tf<sub>2</sub>N] on Au(111) (2011)

Ultrathin films of two imidazolium-based ionic liquids (IL), [C(1)C(1)Im][Tf(2)N] (= 1,3-dimethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl)imide) and [C(8)C(1)Im][Tf(2)N] (= 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl)imide) were prepared on a Au(111) single-crystal surface by physical vapor deposition in ultrahigh vacuum. The adsorption behavior, orientation, and growth were monitored via angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS). Coverage-dependent chemical shifts of the IL-derived core levels indicate that for both ILs the first layer is formed from anions and cations directly in contact with the Au surface in a checkerboard arrangement and that for [C(8)C(1)Im][Tf(2)N] a reorientation of the alkyl chain with increasing coverage is found. For both ILs, geometry models of the first adsorption layer are proposed. For higher coverages, both ILs grow in a layer-by-layer fashion up to thicknesses of at least 9 nm (>10 ML). Moreover, beam damage effects are discussed, which are mainly related to the decomposition of [Tf(2)N](-) anions directly adsorbed at the gold surface.
Aerobic uranium (VI) bioprecipitation by metal‐resistant bacteria isolated from radionuclide‐ and metal‐contaminated subsurface soils (2007)

In this study, the immobilization of toxic uranium [U(VI)] mediated by the intrinsic phosphatase activities of naturally occurring bacteria isolated from contaminated subsurface soils was examined. The phosphatase phenotypes of strains belonging to the genera, Arthrobacter, Bacillus and Rahnella, previously isolated from subsurface soils at the US Department of Energy's (DOE) Oak Ridge Field Research Center (ORFRC), were determined. The ORFRC represents a unique, extreme environment consisting of highly acidic soils with co-occurring heavy metals, radionuclides and high nitrate concentrations. Isolates exhibiting phosphatase-positive phenotypes indicative of constitutive phosphatase activity were subsequently tested in U(VI) bioprecipitation assays. When aerobically grown in synthetic groundwater (pH 5.5) amended with 10 mM glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P), phosphatase-positive Bacillus and Rahnella spp. strains Y9-2 and Y9602 liberated sufficient phosphate to precipitate 73% and 95% of total soluble U added as 200 microM uranyl acetate respectively. In contrast, an Arthrobacter sp. X34 exhibiting a phosphatase-negative phenotype did not liberate phosphate from G3P or promote U(VI) precipitation. This study provides the first evidence of U(VI) precipitation via the phosphatase activity of naturally occurring Bacillus and Rahnella spp. isolated from the acidic subsurface at the DOE ORFRC.
Arylsulfatase from Klebsiella pneumoniae Carries a Formylglycine Generated from a Serine (1998)

Eukaryotic sulfatases share an unusual posttranslational protein modification, which converts a cysteine into alpha-formylglycine. The alpha-formylglycine is essential for the catalytic activity. Klebsiella pneumoniae expresses an inducible arylsulfatase for which the DNA predicts a serine at the position occupied by the alpha-formylglycine residue in eukaryotic sulfatases. Structural analysis showed that the majority of the arylsulfatase polypeptides from K. pneumoniae carries the alpha-formylglycine, whereas the remaining arylsulfatase polypeptides contain the predicted serine residue. This demonstrates the evolutionary conservation between prokaryotes and eukaryotes of this novel protein modification that so far has been found only in sulfatases. alpha-Formylglycine in Klebsiella is generated from a serine and not from a cysteine as in eukaryotes.
Evaluation of a Cleavable Stable Isotope Labeled Synthetic Peptide for Absolute Protein Quantification Using LC−MS/MS (2004)

Protein cleavage coupled with isotope dilution mass spectrometry (PC-IDMS) has the potential to provide the absolute concentration of a specific protein, or multiple proteins, in complex mixtures. However, PC-IDMS differs from standard IDMS since the internal standard is a different molecule than the analyte at the start of the experiment, more specifically, the internal standard is a peptide and the analyte is a protein prior to cleavage. It is not until after the cleavage process that the stable isotope labeled synthetic peptide has the same physicochemical behavior as the peptide cleaved from the protein. The work presented here evaluates the use of tryptic cleavage sites incorporated into the internal standard synthetic peptide in an attempt to create an internal standard that has cleavage characteristics more similar to the protein being quantified. Results presented here suggest that an internal standard synthetic peptide incorporating internal cleavage sites does not improve the accuracy and precision of the values obtained when performing PC-IDMS.
Inhibition of macrophage-mediated antigen presentation by hemolysin-producing Listeria monocytogenes (1988)

T lymphocytes and macrophages from Listeria-infected mice were used to evaluate the processing and presentation of live Listeria monocytogenes in vitro. Antigen presentation to T cells was quantitated by interleukin-2 production. In contrast to inert antigens such as heat-killed Listeria, live bacteria were processed and presented poorly. To evaluate the role of hemolysin (Hly), we used isogenic pairs of Hly+ and Hly- Listeria as antigens. In contrast to live Hly- bacteria, which were presented as well as heat-killed Listeria, live Hly+ bacteria were presented poorly. Hly+ bacteria also inhibited the presentation of heat-killed Listeria. This effect was apparent with as few as 10 bacteria/macrophage and was not due to loss of macrophage viability or decreased Ia expression after exposure to the live bacteria. With respect to murine listeriosis, the LD50 values for the Hly- strains were at least 1000 times higher than those for the Hly+ strains. These results suggest that the ability of Hly+ bacteria to inhibit antigen processing and presentation may be an important determining factor in Listeria infection and immunity.