gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fluorinated fullerenes (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorinated fullerenesH. Selig, C. Lifshitz, T. Peres, J. E. Fischer, A. R. McGhie, W. J. Romanow, J. P. McCauley Jr., and A. B. Smith IIICite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 14, 5475–5476Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00014a061RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views400Altmetric-Citations188LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (276 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Biology of the Soybean Aphid, <I>Aphis glycines</I> (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the United States (2011)

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a significant insect pest of soybean in the northcentral region of the United States and southern Canada, and if left untreated can reduce yield value by $2.4 billion annually. The soybean aphid is native to eastern Asia, where soybean was first domesticated, and was first detected in the United States in 2000. It quickly spread within 4 years of its discovery across 22 states and three provinces of Canada. Heavy infestations can result in a covering of sooty mold, yellow and wrinkled leaves, stunted plants, and aborted pods leading to significant yield loss of 40% or more. It can also transmit plant viruses such as Soybean mosaic virus and Alfalfa mosaic virus. The soybean aphid has a complex life cycle that involves different physical forms, sexual stages, and two host plant species-soybean and buckthorn (the overwintering host). Plant nutrition, natural enemies, climate, and weather all affect population growth rate, but the typical population doubling time is 6 -7 days. Though at present management is primarily through broad-spectrum insecticides, biological control has a significant impact on soybean aphid population growth, and aphid-resistant soybean varieties are becoming increasingly available.
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists and Synthesis Inhibitors Reverse Survival in Eosinophils of Asthmatic Individuals (2000)

Eosinophilia is a feature of airway inflammation associated with asthma. Leukotriene antagonists provide therapeutic benefit in asthma, but their potential antiinflammatory actions have not been fully explored. We have examined the role of eosinophil-derived cysteinyl leukotrienes in the maintenance of eosinophil survival, and the involvement of leukotrienes in the paracrine stimulation of eosinophil survival by mast cells and lymphocytes. We obtained eosinophils and autologous lymphocytes from peripheral blood of asthmatic subjects. Leukotriene (LT)-B(4), LTC(4) and LTD(4), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and fibronectin promoted eosinophil survival. LTD(4) (10(-)(6) M) was as effective as GM-CSF (5 ng/ml) and fibronectin (400 ng/ml) in promoting survival. Lymphocytes and conditioned medium from a human mast cell line (HMC-1) induced eosinophil survival. Blockade of cysteinyl leukotriene receptors with SKF 104353 (pobilukast, 3 nM), and inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) with BW A4C (1 microM) and of 5-LO activating protein with MK 886 (1 microM), all increased basal rates of eosinophil apoptosis and reversed GM-CSF-induced eosinophil survival. Fifty percent reversal of GM-CSF- induced survival was achieved with SKF 104353 at 0.3 nM. The potency of SKF 104353 was two orders of magnitude greater than that of the LTB(4) receptor antagonist SB 201146. Mast cell- and lymphocyte-induced eosinophil survival were completely reversed by SB 201146, SKF 104353, BW A4C, and MK 886. These findings provide evidence for the involvement of an autocrine cysteinyl leukotriene pathway that supports eosinophil survival in response to a range of survival stimuli. They also suggest that LTB(4) could act as a paracrine stimulus of eosinophil survival.
Plant cell wall degrading enzyme complexes from the cellulolytic rumen bacterium <i>Ruminococcus flavefaciens</i> (1998)

Conference Article| May 01 1998 Plant cell wall degrading enzyme complexes from the cellulolytic rumen bacterium Ruminococcus flavefaciens Jim Kirby; Jim Kirby 1Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Vincenzo Aurilia; Vincenzo Aurilia 1Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Sheila I. McCrae; Sheila I. McCrae 1Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Jennifer C. Martin; Jennifer C. Martin 1Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Harry J. Flint Harry J. Flint 1Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1998) 26 (2): S169. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst026s169 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Jim Kirby, Vincenzo Aurilia, Sheila I. McCrae, Jennifer C. Martin, Harry J. Flint; Plant cell wall degrading enzyme complexes from the cellulolytic rumen bacterium Ruminococcus flavefaciens. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1998; 26 (2): S169. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst026s169 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1998 Biochemical Society1998 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Precipitation in aluminium-copper alloys containing germanium additions (1973)

Abstract Zone formation and θ’ precipitation have been studied in an Al 2 at% Cu alloy containing 0·4 at% germanium, or combined additions of 0·4 at% germanium + 0·4 at % magnesium. The germanium addition retards zone formation and enhances θ’ precipitation. These effects are explained by assuming that groupings of germanium-solute atoms interact strongly with quenched-in vacancies. The combined addition of germanium and magnesium has a similar, but more potent, effect on precipitation in this alloy system.
Metyrapone in long-term management of Cushing's disease. (1977)

Metyrapone was used in the long-term management of 13 patients with pituitary-dependent bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (Cushing's disease). The total length of treatment ranged from two to 66 months, with a mean of 21 months. The clinical features of the disease rapidly improved on metyrapone and this improvement was maintained. Although plasma ACTH concentrations rose in all patients, the increase was insufficient to overcome the adrenal blockade induced by the drug. Eight of the 13 patients had additional external pituitary irradiation as definitive treatment of their disease and one underwent a transfrontal hypophysectomy. Radiotherapy cured one patient, and after three years metyrapone was withdrawn. Slight hirsuties was noted in four of the seven women who received the drug for six months or more. A fifth woman had more severe hirsuties and this led to bilateral adrenalectomy. Other than hirsuties, side effects were few and the routine use of metyrapone is recommended as an adjunct to more definitive treatment in all patients who present with Cushing's syndrome, irrespective of aetiology.
Efficient validation input generation in RTL by hybridized source code analysis (2011)

We present HYBRO, an automatic methodology to generate high coverage input vectors for Register Transfer Level (RTL) designs based on branch-coverage directed approach. HYBRO uses dynamic simulation data and static analysis of RTL control flow graphs (CFGs). A concrete simulation is applied over a fixed number of cycles. Instrumented code records the branches covered. The corresponding symbolic trace is extracted from the CFG with an RTL symbolic execution engine. A guard in the symbolic expression is mutated. If the mutated guard has dependent branches that have not already been covered, it is mutated and passed to an SMT solver. A satisfiable assignment generates a valid input vector. We implement the Verilog RTL symbolic execution engine and show that the notion of branch-coverage directed exploration can avoid path explosion caused by previous path-based approach to input vector generation and achieve full branch and more than 90% functional (assertion) coverage quickly on ITC99 benchmark and several Openrisc designs. We also describe two types of optimizations a) dynamic UD chain slicing b) local conflict resolution to speed up HYBRO by 1.6-12 times on different benchmarks.
Copper passivation of boron in silicon and boron reactivation kinetics (1991)

Copper passivation of substitutional boron in single-crystal silicon and the reactivation kinetics of the passivated boron have been investigated with the use of Schottky-barrier structures formed by the deposition of copper on boron-doped silicon at room temperature. It is found that passivation of the boron acceptors occurs after copper deposition. The results suggest that the fast-diffusing interstitial ${\mathrm{Cu}}^{+}$ passivates the boron acceptors by forming neutral B-Cu complexes, rather than by direct compensation. No compensating donor levels associated with Cu are observed. These results are consistent with recent theoretical predictions. The reactivation kinetics are first order with an activation energy of 0.89 eV, and the annealing process is found to be controlled by long-range diffusion, rather than by pure dissociation. The thermal dissociation of the B-Cu complexes is driven by the formation of the copper silicide \ensuremath{\eta}'-${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$Si, indicating the importance of silicide formation in the reactivation of the boron acceptors.
Enhanced responses in matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of peptides derivatized with arginine via a C‐terminal oxazolone (2004)

We have developed a novel method for enhancing the response of a peptide in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) by activating the C-terminal carboxyl group through an oxazolone with which is coupled an amine containing a functional group to help ionize the peptide. The reactions consist of dehydration with acetic anhydride to give an oxazolone, followed by aminolysis with an appropriate amino acid derivative such as arginine methyl ester. The MALDI signal of Ac-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-OMe, thus converted from leucine-enkephalin, was detected while completely excluding the responses of arginine-deficient peptides coexisting in the reaction mixture. Some less intense peaks corresponding to a few sequential degradation products, also terminated with the arginine derivative, were also observed. The side-chain groups potentially that are reactive were conveniently protected by acetylation simultaneous with the C-terminal activation, and those that remained unprotected were reduced to virtually negligible proportions when the reaction was conducted in a peptide solution of concentration less than 1 mM. The greatly increased responses of such arginine-terminated peptides could possibly be exploited to discern the C-terminal tryptic peptide of a protein that is otherwise almost insensitive to MALDI-MS in general. The simplicity of the post-source decay spectrum of enkephalin derivatized by arginine methyl ester characteristically accentuated z- and b-type ions, and this should facilitate sequencing of such derivatized peptides. Remaining problems with practical applications of this approach are discussed.
Enhanced and diminished visuo-spatial information processing in autism depends on stimulus complexity (2005)

Visuo-perceptual processing in autism is characterized by intact or enhanced performance on static spatial tasks and inferior performance on dynamic tasks, suggesting a deficit of dorsal visual stream processing in autism. However, previous findings by Bertone et al. indicate that neuro-integrative mechanisms used to detect complex motion, rather than motion perception per se, may be impaired in autism. We present here the first demonstration of concurrent enhanced and decreased performance in autism on the same visuo-spatial static task, wherein the only factor dichotomizing performance was the neural complexity required to discriminate grating orientation. The ability of persons with autism was found to be superior for identifying the orientation of simple, luminance-defined (or first-order) gratings but inferior for complex, texture-defined (or second-order) gratings. Using a flicker contrast sensitivity task, we demonstrated that this finding is probably not due to abnormal information processing at a sub-cortical level (magnocellular and parvocellular functioning). Together, these findings are interpreted as a clear indication of altered low-level perceptual information processing in autism, and confirm that the deficits and assets observed in autistic visual perception are contingent on the complexity of the neural network required to process a given type of visual stimulus. We suggest that atypical neural connectivity, resulting in enhanced lateral inhibition, may account for both enhanced and decreased low-level information processing in autism.
Dynamically Crosslinked Gold Nanoparticle – Hyaluronan Hydrogels (2010)

Bioprinting consists of automated deposition of cells and biomaterials to mimic the architecture of a tissue. Gold nanoparticles act as dynamic, multivalent crosslinkers for thiol-modified hyaluronic acid and gelatin. The resulting synthetic extracellular matrix can be bioprinted into tubular constructs that support cell proliferation and matrix remodeling. The figure shows a view of a tissue construct (containing a fluorescent dye) in the x-y plane, and the inset shows the print head used. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
High-Dose Recombinant Interleukin-2 Alone: A Regimen With Limited Activity in the Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (1990)

Journal Article High-Dose Recombinant Interleukin-2 Alone: A Regimen With Limited Activity in the Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Get access Jeffrey S. Abrams, Jeffrey S. Abrams * Division of Medical Oncology, University of Maryland Cancer CenterBaltimore, Md *Correspondence to : Jeffrey S. Abrams, M.D., Division of Medical Oncology, University of Maryland Cancer Center, 22 S. Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anthony A. Rayner, Anthony A. Rayner University of California at San FranciscoSan Francisco, Calif Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Peter H. Wiernik, Peter H. Wiernik Albert Einstein Cancer CenterNew York, NY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David R. Parkinson, David R. Parkinson Tufts-New England Medical CenterBoston, Mass Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mario Eisenberger, Mario Eisenberger Division of Medical Oncology, University of Maryland Cancer CenterBaltimore, Md Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Frederick R. Aronson, Frederick R. Aronson University of California at San FranciscoSan Francisco, Calif Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rasim Gucalp, Rasim Gucalp Albert Einstein Cancer CenterNew York, NY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael B. Atkins, Michael B. Atkins Tufts-New England Medical CenterBoston, Mass Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael J. Hawkins Michael J. Hawkins Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, Md Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 14, 18 July 1990, Pages 1202–1206, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.14.1202 Published: 18 July 1990 Article history Received: 26 January 1990 Revision received: 18 April 1990 Accepted: 26 April 1990 Published: 18 July 1990
Multilevel coded modulation for unequal error protection and multistage decoding. II. Asymmetric constellations (2000)

In this paper, multilevel coded asymmetric modulation with multistage decoding and unequal error protection (UEP) is discussed. These results further emphasize the fact that unconventional signal set partitionings are more promising than traditional (Ungerboeck-type) partitionings, to achieve UEP capabilities with multilevel coding and multistage decoding. Three types of unconventional partitionings are analyzed for asymmetric 8-PSK and 16-QAM constellations over the additive white Gaussian noise channel to introduce design guidelines. Generalizations to other PSK and QAM type constellations follow the same lines. Upper bounds on the bit-error probability based on union bound arguments are first derived. In some cases, these bounds become loose due to the large overlappings of decision regions associated with asymmetric constellations and unconventional partitionings. To overcome this problem, simpler and tighter approximated bounds are derived. Based on these bounds, it is shown that additional refinements can be achieved in the construction of multilevel UEP codes, by introducing asymmetries in PSK and QAM signal constellations.
HGT-DB: a database of putative horizontally transferred genes in prokaryotic complete genomes (2003)

The Horizontal Gene Transfer DataBase (HGT-DB) is a genomic database that includes statistical parameters such as G+C content, codon and amino-acid usage, as well as information about which genes deviate in these parameters for prokaryotic complete genomes. Under the hypothesis that genes from distantly related species have different nucleotide compositions, these deviated genes may have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer. The current version of the database contains 88 bacterial and archaeal complete genomes, including multiple chromosomes and strains. For each genome, the database provides statistical parameters for all the genes, as well as averages and standard deviations of G+C content, codon usage, relative synonymous codon usage and amino-acid content. It also provides information about correspondence analyses of the codon usage, plus lists of extraneous group of genes in terms of G+C content and lists of putatively acquired genes. With this information, researchers can explore the G+C content and codon usage of a gene when they find incongruities in sequence-based phylogenetic trees. A search engine that allows searches for gene names or keywords for a specific organism is also available. HGT-DB is freely accessible at http://www.fut.es/~debb/HGT.
Distribution of winners in local lateral inhibition (2003)

The dynamics of an iterative local lateral inhibition system are analyzed. The study of lateral inhibition is generalized in two significant ways. First, the inhibition range from each neuron is limited to a subset of the neurons, called the neighborhood. The only requirement for these neighborhoods in the discussion is that they be symmetric. That is, if a is a neighbor of b, then b is a neighbor of a. Second, a positive feedback is added to the model as part of the nonlinear normalization function. This normalization function has only to satisfy some very broad requirements. When the neighborhood relaxation expands to all pairs of neurons, the system becomes complete lateral inhibition, and the common winner-take-all consequence should be expected. It is proved that those assignments with a winner in the neighborhood of each loser are asymptotically stable fixed points, and other fixed points are unstable.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Long-Term Prognostic Significance of Extent of Rectal Cancer Response to Preoperative Radiation and Chemotherapy (2002)

These data suggest that a marked response to preoperative RT +/- chemo may be associated with good long-term outcome but was not predictive of RFS. The presence of poor histopathologic features and positive nodal status are the most important prognostic indicators after neoadjuvant therapy.
Unexploded ordnance detection using Bayesian physics-based data fusion (2003)

Detection of unexploded ordnance (UXO) represents a major challenge on closed, closing, and transferred military ranges as well as on active installations. On sites contaminated with UXO, extensive surface and sub-surface clutter is also present. Tra
Dynamic Question Ordering in Online Surveys (2017)

Abstract Online surveys have the potential to support adaptive questions, where later questions depend on earlier responses. Past work has taken a rule-based approach, uniformly across all respondents. We envision a richer interpretation of adaptive questions, which we call Dynamic Question Ordering (DQO), where question order is personalized. Such an approach could increase engagement, and therefore response rate, as well as imputation quality. We present a DQO framework to improve survey completion and imputation. In the general survey-taking setting, we want to maximize survey completion, and so we focus on ordering questions to engage the respondent and collect hopefully all information, or at least the information that most characterizes the respondent, for accurate imputations. In another scenario, our goal is to provide a personalized prediction. Since it is possible to give reasonable predictions with only a subset of questions, we are not concerned with motivating users to answer all questions. Instead, we want to order questions to get information that reduces prediction uncertainty, while not being too burdensome. We illustrate this framework with two case studies, for the prediction and survey-taking settings. We also discuss DQO for national surveys and consider connections between our statistics-based question-ordering approach and cognitive survey methodology.