gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of endoplasmic reticulum and cytochrome P-450 in hepatocytes from rats injected with methylcholanthrene. (1997)

To examine whether the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) proliferates in hepatocytes from animals treated with methylcholanthrene (MC) frequently used as an inducer for the enzymes of the microsomal mono-oxygenase system, we estimated the area of (smooth and rough) ER per unit cytoplasmic volume by morphometry in periportal, midzonal and perivenular hepatocytes from rats injected with 25 mg/kg MC once a day for 3 days. In addition, immunostaining intensity of major MC-inducible cytochrome P-450 (P-450) forms (1A1/1A2) and total P-450 content in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in the three zones were measured by microphotometry to ascertain whether P-450 is sufficiently induced in each sublobular zone by the administration. In spite of significant increase in the staining intensity of P-450 1A1/1A2 and amount of total P-450, the proliferation of SER (and RER) did not occur in the three-zone hepatocytes from rats injected with MC. In perivenular hepatocytes, constitutive forms of P-450 other than 1A1/1A2 decreased (to 10%) instead of marked increase in P-450 1A1/1A2 (about 20 times), while the constitutive forms decreased to 50% in midzonal hepatocytes and remained unchanged in periportal hepatocytes after MC administration. In addition, the present results show divergence between biochemical and immumohistochemical results previously reported on MC-inducible P-450 after MC administration to be due primarily to a curvilinear relationship between content and intensity.
High performance lithium–sulfur batteries with a permselective sulfonated acetylene black modified separator (2016)

In this paper, a sulfonated carbon coated separator is proposed with high permselectivity to lithium ions against polysulfide anions for improving the overall performance of Li–S batteries.
Alterations of the Lymphocyte-Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase (p56<sup><i>lck</i></sup>) during T-Cell Activation (1988)

The lymphocyte-specific tyrosine protein kinase p56lck is abundantly expressed in L3T4+ (CD4+) and Lyt-2+ (CD8+) T-lymphocytes, where it is predominantly phosphorylated in vivo on the carboxy-terminal tyrosine residue 505 (Y-505). Upon exposure to activating signals (mitogenic lectins, antibodies to the T-cell receptor), the p56lck expressed in normal cloned murine T-cells is modified into a product which migrates at approximately 59 kilodaltons on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels and which possesses several amino-terminal serine phosphorylations. The changes in both mobility and amino-terminal phosphorylation can be reproduced by known activators of protein kinase C (4 alpha-phorbol 12 beta-myristate, dioctanoylglycerol), suggesting that this signal transduction pathway (or related pathways) mediates at least part of these events. Interestingly, agents raising intracellular calcium (such as A23187) cause the appearance of several of these amino-terminal phosphorylation changes but do not cause the pronounced shift in electrophoretic mobility. These data suggest that at least two serine kinase systems are implicated in the alterations of p56lck associated with T-cell activation and that the lck gene product plays a critical role in normal T-cell physiology.
Comparison of the Effects of Valsartan and Felodipine on Plasma Leptin and Insulin Sensitivity in Hypertensive Obese Patients (2005)

Aim of this study was to compare the effect of valsartan and felodipine on blood pressure (BP), plasma leptin (L), insulin sensitivity and plasma norepinephrine (NE) in obese hypertensive patients. Ninty-six obese patients (body mass index [BMI] > or = 30 kg/m2) with mild to moderate essential hypertension (diastolic blood pressure [DBP] > 90 and < 110 mmHg, as evaluated with an appropriately sized cuff) aged 31-60 years, were randomized to a valsartan (80 mg/day for 16 weeks; n = 48) or felodipine (5 mg/day for 16 weeks; n = 48) treatment group after a 2-week wash-out period. After the first 4 weeks of treatment there was a titration with dose-doubling in non responder patients (DBP > 90 mmHg). At the end of the placebo period and of active treatment period, BP and BMI were evaluated and a venous sample was drawn at the same hour in the morning to evaluate plasma L and NE. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. No dietary advice was prescribed. Both valsartan and felodipine significantly decreased BP values (-19.3/15 mmHg and -18.9/13.6 mmHg, respectively p < 0.001 vs. placebo), with no difference between treatments. However, felodipine increased plasma NE (+124 pg/ml, +38.2%, p < 0.05 vs. placebo and < 0.01 vs. valsartan) and had no effect on L, body weight and HOMA-IR index, while valsartan did not modify NE and produced a significant reduction in L (-3.7 ng/ml, -10.1%, p < 0.05 vs. placebo), BMI (-1.7 kg/m2, -4.7%, p < 0.01 vs. placebo) and HOMA-IR index (-1.6, -20%, p < 0.05 vs. placebo). These results suggest that in hypertensive obese subjects, treatment with valsartan might offer an advantage over treatment with felodipine, since valsartan may help to improve obesity-related disorders in addition to lowering BP.
Space-charge-limited conduction for the determination of the midgap density of states in amorphous silicon: Theory and experiment (1984)

The density of states (DOS) in amorphous silicon is a key parameter in assessing the performances of photocells made of this material. The principle of the determination of the DOS by the study of the space-charge-limited current (SCLC) had first been given by den Boer in an approximate but very physical model. We have found that a precise determination of the DOS in amorphous silicon by this method requires special precautions, both theoretical and experimental: it is only after elimination of most of the pollution by the electrodes and walls of the chamber that we have found that the "scaling law" is valid with good precision, and only for films thicker than $d=1.5$ \ensuremath{\mu}m; in the usual experimental conditions (current density 1 ${\mathrm{A}/\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}}^{2}$), the situation is intermediate between the low-injection condition (Ohm's law) and the high-injection condition, so that the asymptotic solutions given by the "regional approximation," as used by previous authors, are not valid. By comparing the experimental curves with the exact solutions obtained by numerical integration of the SCLC equations, we have determined the DOS in amorphous silicon films with an estimated uncertainty of 15%. The application of the method to a series of films produced by capacitive glow discharge shows the following: (a) the DOS at the Fermi level is very sensitive to the quality of the pumping system (pollution by air, ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$O, pumping oil), the best value obtained in our films being $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{15}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$${\mathrm{eV}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$; (b) for films produced in identical conditions, there is a well-defined minimum of the DOS at a preparation temperature ${T}_{s}=260\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$, which explains why most of the best photocells are prepared at this temperature; (c) the DOS in the first 2000-4000 \AA{} of the films is larger by a factor of 3-10 than that in the rest of the film. This has a direct implication for the fabrication of photocells which have a thickness only 2-3 times this perturbed region. The cause of this effect, whether it is an intrinsic surface effect or external effect, corrected by self-cleaning after a few minutes of plasma, remains to be determined.
Improvements In Optical Fiber Reliability Via High Fatigue Resistant Composition (1987)

The strength and fatigue data for Corning's single mode fiber (standard fiber) whose surface composition is 100% SiO<sub>2</sub> are compared with those of Corning's HFR fiber (developmental fiber) whose surface composition is predominantly SiO<sub>2</sub> but doped with a minor amount of another oxide. The modification of surface composition of the latter fiber results in a substantially higher fatigue constant n which is principally responsible for observed improvements in both the short-term and long-term reliability of HFR fiber relative to standard fiber. The strength data, both in tension and bending, in various environments are compared for short gage lengths of both types of fiber and found to be consistent with their compositional differences. The dynamic fatigue constant of 10 m long fibers, under tensile loading in 100% RH, is found to be 30% higher for HFR fiber than that for standard fiber, consistent with the measurements for bulk glasses of same compositions. Similarly, the static fatigue data in two point bending of both types of fiber in 80°C liquid water yield orders of magnitude longer lifetimes for HFR fiber than for standard fiber for a given strain level. The corresponding n value in bending is also higher for HFR fiber than for standard fiber. Thus, both the tensile and bending fatigue data are consistent with surface compositional differences pointing out another way for improving fiber reliability in service. Furthermore, the bending fatigue data for HFR fiber do not show the presence of a "knee" in failure time vs. flexural strain plot, unlike standard fiber.
Design and test of an ironless, three degree-of-freedom, magnetically levitated linear actuator with moving magnets (2005)

This paper concerns the design and test of a ironless three degree-of-freedom linear actuator. The motor consists of stationary coils and a translator with permanent magnets. The translator is magnetically levitated (z-direction) and provides long-stroke motion along the x-axis and limited rotation about the y-axis. The three degree-of-freedom motor is a preliminary study for a six degree-of-freedom planar motor. The actuator is designed using a tool, which is based on the analytical magnetic field solution of a permanent magnet and numerical integration over the coil volumes. Both force and EMF measurements and finite element analysis show the accuracy of the design tool
THE MISSING <i>TROILUS</i> FRAGMENT (1982)

Journal Article THE MISSINGTROILUSFRAGMENT Get access D. C. BAKER D. C. BAKER Boulder Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Library, Volume s6-4, Issue 1, March 1982, Pages 35–38, https://doi.org/10.1093/library/s6-4.1.35 Published: 01 March 1982
Sorption Behavior of Low Molecular Weight Organic Vapors on β-Cyclodextrin Polyurethane Resins (1981)

Abstract The sorption behavior of low molecular weight organic vapors on β-cyclodextrin polyurethane resins was estimated from desorption or breakthrough experiments and compared with that on the commercially available resins. Temperature-programmed desorption patterns show that the β-cyclodextrin resins interact strongly with benzene vapor in a nitrogen or air stream. This strong interaction presumably results from the hydrophobic interaction of benzene with the β-cyclodextrin cavity. From the breakthrough experiments using the gas stripping method, it was found that the resin prepared by reacting β-cyclodextrin with 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, β-H6XDI-P-6.0-M, retains the polar volatile organic compounds more than Amberlite XAD-7 does.
Titration and Exchange Studies of Liver Fatty Acid-Binding Protein with <sup>13</sup>C-Labeled Long-Chain Fatty Acids (2002)

Uniformly (13)C-labeled long-chain fatty acids were used to probe ligand binding to rat liver fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP), an atypical member of the fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) family that binds more than one molecule of long-chain fatty acid, accommodates a variety of diverse ligands, and exhibits diffusion-mediated lipid transport to membranes. Two sets of (1)H-(13)C resonances were found in a titration series of NMR spectra for oleate-LFABP complexes, indicating that two molecules of the fatty acid are situated in the protein cavity. However, no distinct resonances were observed for the excess fatty acid in solution, suggesting that at least one ligand undergoes rapid exchange with oleate in the bulk solution. An exchange rate of 54 +/- 6 s(-1) between the two sets of resonances was measured directly using (13)C z,z-exchange spectroscopy. In light of these NMR measurements, possible molecular mechanisms for the ligand-exchange process are evaluated and implications for the anomalous fatty acid transport mechanism of LFABP are discussed.
2-Ethynylaziridines as Chiral Carbon Nucleophiles:  Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,3-Amino Alcohols with Three Stereocenters via Allenylindium Reagents Bearing a Protected Amino Group (2001)

Allenylindium reagents bearing a protected amino group were effectively prepared from N-protected 3-alkyl-2-ethynylaziridines by treatment with InI in the presence of Pd(PPh(3))(4) and H(2)O. Stereoselective addition of the allenylindium to aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes affords 1,3-amino alcohols bearing three contiguous chiral centers: while 2,3-trans-2-ethynylaziridines yield syn,syn-2-ethynyl-1,3-amino alcohols predominantly, 2,3-cis-aziridines give anti,syn isomers selectively. Synthesis of highly substituted ethynylazetidines is also described.
Theoretical Study of the Hydrogen Bond Energy of Base Pairs Formed between Substituted 1-Methylcytosine Derivatives and 9-Methylguanine (2001)

The substitution effect on hydrogen bond energy of the Watson−Crick type base pair between 9-methylguanine and chemically modified 1-methylcytosine derivatives was evaluated by an ab initio molecular orbital theory. A remarkable tendency was observed, namely, that cytosine derivatives possessing an electron-donating group form a stable base pair with guanine. Nevertheless, neither the hydrogen bond distance nor the charge distribution was a valid index for the hydrogen bond status in CX−G base pairing. An intramolecular hydrogen bond between the substituent and the exo-cyclic amino moiety also had an important role in the substitution effect of the base pair stability.
Progress in III-nitride based white light sources (2002)

We review two complementary approaches to the development of white light solid-state sources. The first approach, which involves polychromatic LED modules, is targeted at advanced optimization of spectral power distribution in order to establish an optimal trade-off between luminous efficacy and color rendering. We apply a stochastic method of optimization of a white-light source that relies on additive color mixing of the emissions from colored primary LEDs. We present the results on optimized spectra for all-semiconductor lamps composed of four primary LEDs with the line widths typical of present AlGaInP and AlInGaN technologies. We point out the problem of the lack of efficient yellow-green (570 nm) emitters required for polychromatic lamps with four and more primary LEDs. The second approach is based on the development of AlInGaN-based UV emitters that can be tailored to directly excite different phosphors without sensitizers. AlInGaN materials system demonstrated potential for making UV LEDs with a high power and short wavelengths required for such applications. This has been achieved by using Strain Energy Band Engineering (SEBE) and Pulsed Atomic Epitaxy (PALE) techniques. SEBE relies on quaternary AlGaInN compounds for controlling strain and band offset and for producing UV emitters with improved device performance. PALE allows us to incorporate the required significant amount of indium (few percent) in AlGaN, since it can be performed at lower growth temperatures required for In incorporation. Further improvements in materials quality of AlInGaN layers with a high molar fraction of Al will be achieved by using bulk AlN substrates.
Enhancing cobalt dispersion in supported Fischer-Tropsch catalysts via controlled decomposition of cobalt precursors (2009)

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is a part of Gas-to Liquids (GTL), Biomass-to-Liquids (BTL) and Coal to Liquids (CTL) technologies, which produce alternatives clean fuels from natural gas, biomass and coal. The catalytic performance of cobalt catalysts in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis strongly depends on the size of cobalt particles in nanoscale range (6-30 nm). Cobalt catalysts are usually prepared via incipient wetness impregnation using cobalt salts (cobalt precursors). Catalyst preparation involves several important steps. The paper shows that decomposition of cobalt precursors is often a crucial step in the catalyst design; slower rate of decomposition of cobalt precursors favors smaller size of cobalt particles, higher cobalt dispersion and enhances catalytic performance in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.
A rapid and versatile combined DNA/RNA extraction protocol and its application to the analysis of a novel DNA marker set polymorphic between Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes Col-0 and Landsberg erecta (2005)

To facilitate high-throughput linkage mapping and other genomic applications, our nucleic acid isolation protocol yields sufficient quality of DNA and RNA templates for PCR and RT-PCR reactions, respectively. This new technique requires considerably less time compared to other purification methods, and in combination with a new polymorphic PCR marker set dramatically reduces the workload required for linkage mapping of mutations in A. thaliana utilizing crosses between Col-0 and Landsberg erecta (Ler) ecotypes.
Demonstration of virtually-imaged phased-array device for tunable dispersion compensation in 16×10 Gb/s WDM transmission over 480 km standard fiber (2002)

A tunable dispersion compensation device based on a virtually-imaged phased-array technology with greater than 50 nm optical bandwidth is demonstrated and compared to DCF in a WDM experiment transmitting 16/spl times/10 Gb/s NRZ signals over 6/spl times/80 km of conventional fiber.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of the intermetallic alloy Ti-45Al-6(Nb, Mo)-0.2B (2008)

The microstructure and tensile properties of the intermetallic γ-TiAl + α2-Ti3Al alloy Ti-45Al-6(Nb, Mo)-0.2B are studied after various heat and thermomechanical treatments. Its cast state is found to be characterized by a homogeneous, relatively fine-grained structure in the cases of both a model 30-g ingot and a bulk laboratory ∅120 × 180-mm ingot. The cast material subjected to heat treatment with furnace cooling and aging at T = 1100°C exhibits strength properties at T = 20–900°C that are relatively high for cast γ + α2 alloys. Due to the rational choice of the alloy, its thermomechanical treatment is facilitated, a fine-grained structure can easily be formed upon hot deformation, and a superplastic state with elongations in the test-temperature range T = 900–1000°C that are very large for γ + α2 alloys is reached. However, the high contents of niobium and molybdenum in the Ti-45Al-6(Nb, Mo)-0.2B alloy hinder the formation of an equilibrium lamellar structure upon heat treatment, and an increase in the aging temperature to T = 1100°C leads to the development of the α2 → ß(B2) phase transformation, which makes it impossible to reach a high level of the mechanical properties in the temperature range of the potential application of γ + α2 alloys. Our study has revealed that the compositions of the γ + α2 alloys need further optimization of the way of refining the niobium and molybdenum contents.
Implementing Ant Colony Optimization for Test Case Selection and Prioritization (2011)

Regression Testing is an inevitable and a very costly activity to be performed, often in a time and resource constrained environment. Thus we use techniques like Test Case Selection and Prioritization, to select and prioritize a subset from the complete test suite, fulfilling some chosen criteria. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is a technique based on the real life behavior of ants. This paper presents an implementation of an already introduced Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm for Test Case Selection and Prioritization. Graph representation and example runs explained in the paper show how the random nature of ACO helps to explore the possible paths and choose the optimal from them. Results show that ACO leads to solutions that are in close proximity with optimal solutions.
Synthesis and Activity of the Glutathione Analogue γ‐(L‐γ‐Oxaglutamyl)‐L‐cysteinyl‐glycine (1996)

An efficient synthesis of the backbone modified glutathione analogue gamma-(L-gamma-oxaglutamyl)-L-cysteinyl-glycine (7), characterized by the presence of an urethane O-CO-NH linkage replacing the gamma-glutamylic CH2CO-NH fragment is described. The new analogue has been fully characterized by 1H- and 13C-NMR, and FAB-MS. Compound 7 was tested for inhibition of gamma-glutamyl-transferase activity and was found to be a non-competitive inhibitor of hog kidney gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2).
Self-assembly and self-repair method for a distributed mechanical system (1999)

We propose a self-assembly and self-repair method for a homogeneous distributed mechanical system. We focus on a category of distributed systems composed of numbers of identical units which can dynamically change connections among themselves. Each unit has an onboard microprocessor, and local communication between neighboring units is possible. We discuss a distributed method for a group of such units to metamorphose from an arbitrary configuration into a desired configuration through cooperation by the units. This process, called self-assembly, is realized by identical software on each unit with local inter-unit communication. An extension of self-assembly, self-repair, is also examined. In this process, an occasional cut-off of an arbitrary part of the system is assumed. When some part of the system detects damage, the whole system degenerates and reconstructs itself. Computer simulations show the feasibility of self-assembly and self-repair.
Link Stability Based Hybrid Routing Protocol for Software Defined Vehicular Networks (2018)

The dynamic nature of vehicular networks imposes a lot of challenges in multi-hop data transmission as links are vulnerable in their existence. Thus, the packets frequently find it difficult to get through to the destination as links only exist for a limited amount of time. The broadcasting based conventional routing protocols struggle to cope with these situations due to the lack of global network information. But, with the novel Software Defined Vehicular Network (SDVN) architecture, link stability can be better scrutinized pertaining to the availability of global network view. However, due to the imperfections in the SDVN architectures and dynamicity in vehicular networks, the control plane may not possess all the network information at a given point in time. Considering all these factors, in this paper, we introduce a novel routing framework for SDVN which is composed of both centralized and distributed routing mechanisms. The resulting hybrid routing framework focuses on finding stable multiple short routes that can deliver a given number of packets, and in case of uncertain network conditions, a broadcasting approach is adopted. The overall problem is formulated as a minimum cost capacitated flow problem and the effectiveness is demonstrated comparatively via extensive simulations.
Calculation of Essential Oil Yield without Prior Extraction—Application to the Genus<i>Forsythia</i>Vahl. (Oleaceae) (1994)

ABSTRACT A morphological, macroscopic and microscopic study of the leaves of 42 Forsythia (Oleaceae) taxa was performed in parallel with the extraction of essential oil from leaves of the same taxa. Statistical analysis of yield with stepwise multiple linear regression was used to model the variable in a mathematical equation compiled from a different data. The essential oil yield can thus be calculated by assessment of the secretory hair index without oil extraction.