gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of spiroorthocarbonate volume modifier co-monomers on the in vitro toxicology of trial non-shrinking dental epoxy co-polymers. (1994)

A major improvement in dental restoratives is possible through the development of biomaterials that do not shrink upon polymerization, hence, avoid leakage and subsequent breakdown. Polymers containing spiroorthocarbonates (SOCs) show promise in this respect, but their toxicology in copolymerized materials has not been explored. In this study, the in vitro toxicology of these materials in homopolymer form and in two trial non-shrinking epoxy co-polymers was evaluated for cytotoxicity and mutagenicity. Cytotoxicity was determined by the MTT test to measure the lethality effect on mouse L929 cells. Mutagenicity was evaluated using the Ames-Salmonella Test. For comparison, commercial composite and adhesive materials as well as several other materials of current interest in dentistry were also evaluated. Epoxy resin samples containing 5% of either T/T SOC or Dp SOC reduced the cytotoxicity (TC50) from approximately 400 to 800 micrograms/200 microliters. The epoxy-spiro copolymers had more favorable TC50 values than the commercial product Super-Bond. They showed TC50 values on the order of 35% greater than Super-Bond and 45% less than Scotchbond 2, the latter two being materials currently used in the clinic. These two comparatives demonstrated dose response curves with lower doses at maximum cell kill values than the spiro materials. The epoxy formulations all showed weak mutagenesis, but this is attributed to the epoxy formulation and not the SOCs. Although considerable toxicology is yet be conducted, these in vitro results suggest that biocompatible copolymer formulations for spiroorthocarbonates are a developmental reality.
Gated viewing laser imaging with compressive sensing (2012)

We present a prototype of gated viewing laser imaging with compressive sensing (GVLICS). By a new framework named compressive sensing, it is possible for us to perform laser imaging using a single-pixel detector where the transverse spatial resolution is obtained. Moreover, combining compressive sensing with gated viewing, the three-dimensional (3D) scene can be reconstructed by the time-slicing technique. The simulations are accomplished to evaluate the characteristics of the proposed GVLICS prototype. Qualitative analysis of Lissajous-type eye-pattern figures indicates that the range accuracy of the reconstructed 3D images is affected by the sampling rate, the image's noise, and the complexity of the scenes.
A Generalized Common-Mode Current Cancelation Approach for Power Converters (2015)

The interwinding parasitic capacitance of transformers and the parasitic capacitance between semiconductor switches and the ground are two major contributors to the common-mode (CM) noise currents in switched mode power converters. In this paper, a generalized CM current cancelation approach is proposed for the reduction of CM noise in isolated power converters. The approach is demonstrated in a forward converter. In this approach, the total effect of the two parasitic capacitances on CM noise is represented with an equivalent parasitic capacitance (EPC) at low frequencies. With this EPC, different CM current cancelation techniques can be efficiently organized to simultaneously cancel the low-frequency CM noise caused by these two parasitic capacitances. Furthermore, the EPC can be used to evaluate and quantify the performance of CM noise reduction techniques. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed approach is easy to implement and can significantly attenuate low frequency CM noise and therefore greatly reduce CM filter size and cost.
PET Study of Methionine Accumulation in Glioma and Normal Brain Tissue (1987)

Five patients with glioma were examined with positron emission tomography using ([11C]methyl)-L-methionine. The study was repeated while the patient was being infused with branched chain amino acids (BCAA), 250 mumol/min. The accumulation rates of methionine in tumor tissue and in normal brain tissue were compared without and with the infusion of amino acids. Both tumor tissue and normal brain tissue showed a reduction in the methionine accumulation by 35% while the patient received the infusion. In one patient with a severe blood-tissue barrier disruption the tumor accumulation rate was unaffected. It is concluded that in gliomas without severe blood-tissue barrier disruption, the accumulation of methionine is governed by processes exhibiting similar properties regarding competition with BCAA as in normal brain tissue.
A Non-unit Protection Scheme for DC Microgrid Based on Local Measurements (2016)

This paper proposes a nonunit protection scheme for DC microgrids (DC MGs) utilizing only local measurements. This scheme is developed based on the natural characteristics of DC current and its first and second derivatives under fault transients. Since it is based on local measurements, the problems associated with the communication delay are avoided. The selected protection scheme detects and discriminates the faults within a few microseconds of its inception. In this paper, a method to calculate the thresholds, used for the protection scheme, is also discussed. The proposed scheme is validated on a ring-type DC MG architecture under different fault scenarios and tested through MATLAB/Simulink simulations.
Automatic Detection of 2D Human Postures Based on Single Images (2011)

Estimating human pose in static images is a challenging task due to the high dimensional state space, presence of image clutter and ambiguities of image observations. In this paper we propose a method to automatically detect human poses in a single image, based on a 2D model combined with anthropometric data. Furthermore, we use artificial neural networks to detect high level information about the human posture. Experimental results showed that the proposed technique performs well in non trivial images.
Unipolar resistive switching characteristics of pnictogen oxide films: Case study of Sb2O5 (2012)

Resistive switching (RS) and electrical endurance characteristics of amorphous Sb2O5 films in Pt/Sb2O5/Pt and Sb/Sb2O5/Pt structures were examined. Although both structures showed unipolar RS characteristics with power consumption smaller than those of other various transition metal oxides by ∼ two orders of magnitude, enhanced electrical endurance was obtained when Sb was employed as the top electrode than when Pt was employed as the top electrode. This improvement was explained by the creation of Sb clusters in the Sb2O5 films through the diffusion of oxygen from Sb2O5 to the Sb layer and the suppression of excessive oxygen loss during conducting filament formation process by the Sb top electrode. Metallic Sb clusters in pristine Sb2O5 films were confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profiling measurements and Auger electron spectroscopy. From the results of current density variation as a function of sample area, it was confirmed that the RS properties of Sb2O5 were controlled by the localized conducting filament in Sb2O5; this finding was in agreement with the result of high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The RS properties of this pnictogen oxide material are discussed with the RS properties of other transition metal oxide materials.
EFFICIENT ULTRAVIOLET LASER EMISSION IN ELECTRON-BEAM-EXCITED ZnS (1966)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation C. E. Hurwitz; EFFICIENT ULTRAVIOLET LASER EMISSION IN ELECTRON‐BEAM‐EXCITED ZnS. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1 August 1966; 9 (3): 116–118. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1754669 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Optical properties of silicon nanocrystals synthesized in supercritical fluids (2002)

We developed a supercritical solution phase synthesis of silicon nanocrystals. High temperature and pressure (500°C, >140 bar) conditions allow a wet chemical approach to this challenging synthesis. Diphenylsilane was used as a silicon precursor and long chain thiols and alcohols were used to sterically stabilize the luminescent nanocrystals. Moderate size separation was achieved via size exclusion chromatography using crosslinked styrene divinylbenzene beads. Size separated fractions of silicon nanocrystals exhibit quantum efficiencies of 12% while polydisperse samples have quantum efficiencies of 5%. Nanocrystal size distributions have been determined with transmission electron microscopy and further characterized with atomic force microscopy (AFM). These silicon nanocrystals have size tunable photoluminescence as indicated by their ensemble spectroscopy and further verified through AFM and single nanocrystal photoluminescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence intermittency (characteristic of single CdSe nanocrystals) is present in our isolated silicon nanocrystals and is one of the criteria used to distinguish single crystals from clusters of particles.
Deoxidation of graphene oxide nanosheets to extended graphenites by “unzipping” elimination (2008)

Low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy on alkyl-surface-functionalized graphene oxide nanosheets reveals the formation of low-dimensional graphenite nanostructures with extended pi-conjugation at deoxidation temperatures above 150 degrees C. The elimination of these alkyl chains from the surface of the nanosheets does not occur uniformly, but in distinctive patterns that correspond to the formation of an underlying network of graphenite one-dimensional "tracks" and "dots." Atomic-resolution imaging of these graphenite regions reveals a defective honeycomb lattice characteristic of single-layer graphenes. These extended graphenite structures percolate the nanosheet even for moderate levels of deoxidation and regraphenization of the basal plane. The formation of extended conjugation indicates a regioselective rather than random elimination of the oxygen atoms and alkyl chains. The resultant network morphology allows bandlike transport of charge carriers across the sheets despite defects and disorder. The sub-meV apparent activation energies for the field-effect mobilities at low temperatures (70-30 K) for both electrons and holes rule out significant electron-phonon coupling. This suggests a remarkable potential for electronic applications of these solution-processable functionalized graphene oxide nanosheets.
A scanning electron microscope based microindentation system (1994)

The design and characterization of a scanning electron microscope based microindentor is presented. Dynamic, high magnification imaging of the indentor–specimen contact zone is possible, permitting observation of indent events. Applied load as a function of indentor tip displacement is continuously monitored during indentation. The maximum applied load capability of 20 N is measured to a resolution of 1 mN with a piezoelectric transducer mounted on the indentor shaft. Displacement is measured with a specially developed capacitance gauge that is again mounted on the indentor shaft near the indentor tip and records tip displacement with respect to the specimen surface to a resolution of 10 nm over a 100 μm range. The instrument is vacuum compatible, capable of remote operation, has a short measurement loop, and a potentially high bandwidth response. Results from a fiber push-down test on a SiC fiber reinforced glass ceramic are reported to illustrate the capability of the instrument in performing measurements across the nanoindentation and microindentation ranges.
Contemporary Management of Early Pregnancy Failure (2007)

Early pregnancy failure is a common pregnancy complication. This paper reviews the terminology, diagnosis, and treatment of early pregnancy failure. Although surgical curettage has been the standard of care for more than 50 years, additional treatment options exist which appear to be satisfactory to patients. Manual vacuum curettage in the office is an effective alternative to electric vacuum curettage in an operating room. Nonsurgical treatments, including expectant and medical management, are reasonable alternatives depending on the clinical situation and the patient's desires. Clinicians need to understand how these options compare to provide appropriate counseling to patients.
Evidence for an unusual association between two cations in aqueous solution (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvidence for an unusual association between two cations in aqueous solutionHenrique E. Toma and John M. MalinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 11, 4039–4040Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00766a078https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00766a078research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views60Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Coordination chemistry of microbial iron transport compounds: rhodotorulic acid and iron uptake in Rhodotorula pilimanae (1978)

The mechanism by which iron uptake is facilitated by the siderophore rhodotorulic acid (RA) in the yeast Rhodotorula pilimanae was investigated with radioactively labeled Fe and RA and kinetically inert, chromic-substituted RA complexes. The weight of the evidence supports a model in which RA mediates iron transport to the cell but does not actually transport iron into the cell. It is proposed that RA exchanges the ferric ion at the cell surface with a membrane-bound chelating agent that completes the active transport of iron into the cell. Uptake of 55Fe in ferric rhodotorulate was much more rapid than uptake of RA itself. Two exchange-inert chromic complexes of RA showed no uptake.
Coordination for efficient transport over water (2015)

Transport over water plays an important role in the transport of goods in Europe. More than 37,000 kilometers of waterways connect hundreds of cities and industrial regions. Nowadays, the European Commission aims to promote and strengthen the competitive position of transport over water in the transport system and to facilitate its integration into the intermodal logistic chain due to its reliability, low environmental impact and ample capacity available for increased exploitation. The objective of this paper is to propose a new integrated framework for improving the efficiency of transport over water at both tactical and operational levels. Research directions addressing main problems at these levels are discussed in this paper: vessel rotation planning and path following for waterborne AGVs. Moreover, this paper presents perspectives regarding future research directions to develop this integrated framework.
The potential and challenges of inferring thermal comfort at home using commodity sensors (2015)

For decades, researchers have investigated ways to infer human thermal comfort. Studies have usually required cumbersome sensors and human observers, making them inappropriate for use in naturalistic settings such as the home. Emerging wearable and smart home sensing devices offer the opportunity to develop new models of thermal comfort based on data collected in-situ. To explore this opportunity, we deployed a sensing system in seven homes and collected self-report data from 11 participants for four weeks. Our system captures many factors employed in previous thermal comfort research, as well as new factors (e.g., activity level, sweat level). Machine learning-based models derived from the collected data show improvement over previous techniques, however significant prediction errors remain. In analyzing these errors we identify six problems that pose challenges for inferring comfort in the wild. Based on our findings, we suggest techniques to improve future in-situ thermal comfort modeling efforts.
Established methodological issues in electronic nose research: how far are we from using these instruments in clinical settings of breath analysis? (2015)

Electronic noses (e-noses) represent an easy and cheap method for exhaled volatile compound analysis. Various electronic noses are available which differ in material and thus analytical performance. In this review, we describe a wide range of electronic noses and summarize data on the methodological issues in electronic nose research. We also review studies which show the ability of electronic noses to distinguish pulmonary and extrapulmonary disorders from health.
Operating SECDED-based caches at ultra-low voltage with FLAIR (2013)

Voltage scaling is often limited by bit failures in large on-chip caches. Prior approaches for enabling cache operation at low voltages rely on correcting cache lines with multi-bit failures. Unfortunately, multi-bit Error Correcting Codes (ECC) incur significant storage overhead and complex logic. Our goal is to develop solutions that enable ultra-low voltage operation while incurring minimal changes to existing SECDED-based cache designs. We exploit the observation that only a small percentage of cache lines have multi-bit failures. We propose FLexible And Introspective Replication (FLAIR) that performs two-way replication for part of the cache during testing to maintain robustness, and disables lines with multi-bit failures after testing. FLAIR leverages the correction features of existing SECDED code to greatly improve on simple two-way replication. FLAIR provides a Vmin of 485mv (similar to ECC-8) and maintains robustness to soft-error, while incurring a storage overhead of only one bit per cache line.
Preoperative Hemodialysis Fistula Evaluation: Angiography, Ultrasonography and Other Studies, Are They Useful? (2008)

In the quest to optimize fistula use, study results examining the value of angiography and ultrasonography demonstrate that there is currently no universal application of specific cut-offs on vessel diameter or even measures of distensibility and vessel mechanics. It is clear, however, that implementing programs that include imaging to increase fistula creation do achieve their goal. Conversely, in other settings, fistula failure rates have increased without significantly increasing the numbers of fistulae. The impact of preoperative diagnostic angiography and ultrasonography rests in part on identifying the underlying disease process involving arteries and veins that may change treatment decisions preoperatively. In many clinical settings where the dialysis population is becoming increasingly elderly, diabetic and with more vascular disease, these additional studies may be very useful. Given the variation in clinical study outcome and variations in patient populations, presently these methods will be used most effectively in the setting of strong quality assurance programs, and wherever feasible under study protocols for the purpose of improving practice patterns.
Hearing Loss and Erythromycin Pharmacokinetics in a Patient Receiving Hemodialysis (1983)

A left upper lobe pneumonia developed in a patient who was receiving hemodialysis; he was treated intravenously with 1 g of erythromycin lactobionate every six hours. After five doses, hearing loss was noted; this was later documented by audiogram. Erythromycin serum concentrations as high as 100 mg/L and a half-life more than three times longer than normal were observed. To our knowledge, this represents the first report of reversible hearing loss associated with elevated serum erythromycin concentrations and prolonged serum half-life.
Palliative regional anesthesia for hospitalized patients (1994)

Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia *Anesthesia and Pain Clinic, Hospital Espanol de Mexico, Universidad Nacional de Mexico, Mexico City DF, Mexico
M-CSF elevates c-Fos and phospho-C/EBPα(S21) via ERK whereas G-CSF stimulates SHP2 phosphorylation in marrow progenitors to contribute to myeloid lineage specification (2009)

The role of hematopoietic cytokines in lineage commitment remains uncertain. To gain insight into the contribution of cytokine signaling to myeloid lineage specification, we compared granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) signaling in Ba/F3 cells expressing both the G-CSF and M-CSF receptors and in lineage-negative murine marrow cells. G-CSF and M-CSF serve as prototypes for additional cytokines that also influence immature myeloid cells. G-CSF specifically activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and induced Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 (SHP2) phosphorylation, whereas M-CSF preferentially activated phospholipase Cgamma2, and thereby extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), to stabilize c-Fos and stimulate CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)alpha(S21) phosphorylation. In contrast, activation of Jun kinase or c-Jun was similar in response to either cytokine. Inhibition of ERK prevented induction of c-Fos by M-CSF and reduced C/EBPalpha phosphorylation and formation of colony-forming unit-monocytes. SHP2 inhibition reduced ERK activation in G-CSF, but not M-CSF, and reduced colony-forming unit-granulocytes, underscoring divergent pathways to ERK activation. Phorbol ester mimicked the effect of M-CSF, activating ERK independent of SHP2. In summary, M-CSF activates ERK more potently than G-CSF, and thereby induces higher levels of c-Fos and phospho-C/EBPalpha(S21), which may directly interact to favor monopoiesis, whereas G-CSF activates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and SHP2, potentially shifting the balance to granulopoiesis via gene induction by C/EBPalpha homodimers and via effects of SHP2 on regulators besides ERK.