gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Highly Reactive and Enantioselective Bifunctional Organocatalyst for the Methanolytic Desymmetrization of Cyclic Anhydrides: Prevention of Catalyst Aggregation (2008)

Unprecedented reactivity and high stereoselectivity were observed in the ring opening of meso anhydrides under mild conditions with a cinchona-alkaloid-based sulfonamide catalyst (see scheme). Computation of the catalyst–transition-state analogue (right; gray C, white H, green F, blue N, red O, yellow S) provided insight into the origin of the stereoselectivity. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z801636_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Dengue NS1 antigen contributes to disease severity by inducing interleukin (IL)-10 by monocytes (2015)

Both dengue NS1 antigen and serum interleukin (IL)-10 levels have been shown to associate with severe clinical disease in acute dengue infection, and IL-10 has also been shown to suppress dengue-specific T cell responses. Therefore, we proceeded to investigate the mechanisms by which dengue NS1 contributes to disease pathogenesis and if it is associated with altered IL-10 production. Serum IL-10 and dengue NS1 antigen levels were assessed serially in 36 adult Sri Lankan individuals with acute dengue infection. We found that the serum IL-10 levels correlated positively with dengue NS1 antigen levels (Spearman's r = 0·47, P < 0·0001), and NS1 also correlated with annexin V expression by T cells in acute dengue (Spearman's r = 0·63, P = 0·001). However, NS1 levels did not associate with the functionality of T cell responses or with expression of co-stimulatory molecules. Therefore, we further assessed the effect of dengue NS1 on monocytes and T cells by co-culturing primary monocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), with varying concentrations of NS1 for up to 96 h. Monocytes co-cultured with NS1 produced high levels of IL-10, with the highest levels seen at 24 h, and then declined gradually. Therefore, our data show that dengue NS1 appears to contribute to pathogenesis of dengue infection by inducing IL-10 production by monocytes.
The influence of motor reacceleration on voltage sags (1995)

The assumption that a voltage sag is rectangular is not correct in a power system with large induction motor loads. The motors decelerate during the short circuit. After fault-clearing, they will accelerate again, drawing a high reactive current from the supply, causing a prolonged postfault voltage sag. This is aggravated by the removal of branches by the protection. The resulting shape of some voltage sags in an example power system is shown and discussed. For the example power system, a stochastic voltage sag table is determined. This table gives the expected number of sags of different depth and duration. The influence of faster protection and of reduced transformer impedance on the table is presented. A simple motor model is implemented in a method for including interruptions due to voltage sags in the reliability analysis of power systems. This model is presented briefly and used to show the influence of motor parameters on the number of sags that lead to an interruption of plant operation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development of optimized cryptic peptides for immunotherapy. (2009)

Specific immunotherapy is based on the use of tumor-specific antigens to induce an efficient antitumor immune response. Although tumors are known to be weakly immunogenic and therefore capable of escaping immune surveillance, the objective of tumor vaccination is to induce a frequent, strong and long-lasting antitumor immune response based mainly on the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. However, as widely expressed tumor antigens (universal tumor antigens) often correspond to normal proteins expressed not only by tumor cells but also by normal cells and tissues, these antigens are generally tolerated by the immune system. Thus, circumventing self tolerance to universal tumor antigens is a major goal of cancer vaccine research. Disappointing results obtained to date with most tumor vaccines has led to a shift in research toward determining ways of stimulating the immune response through the use of new adjuvants, immunostimulants and delivery vectors. However, although these aspects are clearly crucial to vaccine development, breakthroughs in the field may lie in the use of strong antigens as optimized cryptic peptides derived from universal tumor antigens, combined with a potent adjuvant. Targeting cryptic tumor peptides/antigens is an efficient way of overcoming tolerance. Indeed, the first vaccine based on an optimized cryptic peptide induced strong antitumor immunity and demonstrated promising clinical activity.
Effect of Senegin-II on Blood Glucose in Normal and NIDDM Mice. (1995)

The hypoglycemic effect of senegin-II, the main component of Polygala senega (Polygalaceae), was examined in normal and KK-Ay mice, one of the model animals of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Senegin-II (2.5 mg/kg) reduced the level of blood glucose in normal mice from 220 +/- 8 to 131 +/- 5 mg/dl 4 hours after intraperitoneal administration (P < 0.001), and also significantly lowered the blood glucose of KK-Ay mice from 434 +/- 9 to 142 +/- 6 mg/dl under similar conditions (P < 0.001).
Kinetics of interaction of HIV reverse transcriptase with primer/template (1993)

Intrinsic protein fluorescence of reverse transcriptases from HIV-1 and HIV-2 provides a sensitive signal for monitoring the interaction of the enzymes with primer/template duplex molecules. Kd values for 18/36-mer DNA/DNA duplexes were found to be in the range of a few nanomolar (about 3 times higher for the enzyme from HIV-2 than for that from HIV-1). The quenching of protein fluorescence induced on binding primer/template, together with an increase in extrinsic fluorescence on interaction with primer/template containing a fluorescent nucleotide at the 3'-end of the primer, was used to investigate the kinetics of interaction with reverse transcriptase from HIV-1. The results can be explained in terms of a two-step binding model, with a rapid diffusion-limited initial association (k(ass) = ca. 5 x 10(8) M-1 s-1) followed by a slow isomerization step (k = ca. 0.5 s-1). These (forward) rate constants are increased in the presence of a non-nucleoside inhibitor (S-TIBO) of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, while the reverse rate constant for the second step is decreased, leading to an increase in affinity between the enzyme and primer/template by a factor of at least 10 when S-TIBO is bound. The results are discussed in terms of present knowledge of the structure of reverse transcriptase.
Improved vocabulary-independent sub-word HMM modelling (1991)

The authors describe two techniques for improving the performance of subword recognition on open vocabularies using vocabulary-independent training. The first uses a subtriphone unit called a phonicle to allow triphones which have not been encountered in the training data to be built from contexts which have been sufficiently trained. The second uses linear discriminant analysis to improve discrimination between sound classes. The two techniques have been evaluated for speaker-dependent operation on an open vocabulary task. The recognizer is based on hidden Markov modeling (HMM) using continuous probabilities. The results obtained show that both techniques lead to improved recognition performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
CorelDRAW 7 : the official guide (1997)

From the Publisher:
Written by Corel-certified instructors and best-selling authors Foster D. Coburn III and Peter McCormick, CorelDRAW 9: The Official Guide gives you in-depth coverage of the product and shows you how to take full advantage of version 9's new and improved features. Plus, you'll get 16 pages of full-color CorelDRAW-generated images to spark your imagination, as well as valuable software and utilities on the book's CD to help you take advantage of CorelDRAW's features!.
Part‐time Employment and Performance at A‐level (1992)

Summary How many sixth‐formers have part‐time paid employment, and does this affect their performance at A‐level? This article describes how one teaching institution set up a project to collect and analyse data in an attempt to find answers to these questions.
Bacteriophage isolation from human saliva (2003)

Phage therapy as a way to control oral bacteria might be considered.
Visual reverse engineering using SPNs for automated testing and diagnosis of digital circuits (2002)

This paper presents a new methodology, which leads to the development of a prototype system for the automated testing and faults diagnosis of digital circuits. The methodology presented here is based on an automated visual reverse engineering process, which assists the extraction of the functional behavior of a digital circuit and for the detection and diagnosis of faults and defects on it. The visual information extracted from a PCB (printed circuit board) or a digital circuit is represented by SPN (stochastic Petri-net) forms in order to maintain both its structural and functional characteristics.
B-cell activation and differentiation by HIV-1 antigens among volunteers vaccinated with VaxSyn HIV-1. (1992)

The generation of memory B cells in response to vaccination with a baculovirus-derived recombinant gp160 candidate AIDS vaccine, VaxSyn HIV-1, was investigated in 12 healthy human volunteers who were immunized with VaxSyn HIV-1, hepatitis B vaccine, or alum adjuvant alone on days 1, 28, 180, and 540. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected pre- and post-immunization and cultured unstimulated or with pokeweed mitogen (PWM), VaxSyn HIV-1 (rgp160), or HIV-1 lysate (iHIV-1) for 7 days before polyclonal and HIV-1-specific IgG production in culture supernatants (SNs) were measured. No differences were seen in the spontaneous or PWM-induced IgG production in SN from vaccinees and controls. Only vaccinee SN contained higher-than-normal levels of polyclonal IgG after stimulation with either rgp160 or iHIV-1, especially after the second and third booster immunizations on days 180 and 540, respectively. There were also contemporaneous increases in HIV-1-specific antibody in SN of all vaccinees, albeit at different time points throughout the study. We conclude that VaxSyn HIV-1 induces antigen-specific B-cell responses with the generation of memory B cells in vivo that can be reactivated in vitro to deliver an anamnestic response.
Studies on Cell Binding and Internalization of Human Lymphoblastoid (Namalva) Interferon (1985)

The binding of iodinated human lymphoblastoid Namalva interferon to Namalva cells, to a human fibroblast cell strain (FS11), and to a bovine kidney cell line (MDBK) was characterized. Scatchard analysis of the binding data indicated the presence of about 1000-2000 receptors per cell and dissociation constants of the order of 0.1 to 0.01 nM. Two subspecies of Namalva interferon (16 K and 20 K), which differ in their antiviral activity toward bovine and human cells, were found to bind with the same affinity toward bovine MDBK cells but to differ in their affinity to human cells. Experimental results indicated that at 37 degrees C the bound interferon is internalized within 15 min after binding to Namalva cells, and then degraded in the lysosomes. Exposure of Namalva cells to interferon resulted in a 40% reduction of the number of cell surface receptors (down-regulation).
ChemInform Abstract: The Wittig Reaction Using Potassium‐tert‐butoxide. High Yield Methylenations of Sterically Hindered Ketones. (1986)

Abstract Bei der Wittig‐Reaktion sterisch gehjnderter Ketone (I) werden mit dem Phosphonium‐bromid (II) und Kalium‐tert‐butanolat die Ole‐ ?ne (III) in Ausbeuten 2 9o "/2 erhalten.
[Mechanical properties of polylactic acid/beta-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffold with double channels based on three-dimensional printing technique]. (2014)

The double-channel composite scaffolds fabricated by 3-D printing technique have controlled complex micropipes and can significantly enhance mechanical properties, which is a promising strategy to solve the contradiction of strength and high-porosity of the ceramic scaffolds for the bone tissue engineering application.
Analysis of purine and strychnos alkaloids by high-speed liquid chromatography (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalysis of purine and strychnos alkaloids by high-speed liquid chromatographyCheng-Yi. Wu and Sidney. SiggiaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1972, 44, 8, 1499–1501Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60316a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60316a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views38Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
STUDIES ON ADAPTATION (1937)

In a preliminary publication (1) attention has been called to a syndrome which appears when a severe injury is inflicted upon the organism. This syndrome is independent of the nature of the damaging agent and represents rather a response to damage as such. Exposure to cold, traumatic injuries, excessive muscular exercise, spinal shock, acute infections, and intoxications with various drugs will evoke this syndrome if they damage the organism sufficiently. The course of this reaction, which we have interpreted as an expression of general defence, may be divided into three stages. During the first, or acute stage, observed in the rat ordinarily 6 to 48 hours after the initial injury, one notes a rapid decrease in the size of the thymus, spleen, lymph glands and liver; disappearance of fat tissue; edema formation, especially in the thymus and loose retroperitoneal connective tissue; accumulation of pleural and peritoneal transudate; loss of muscular tone; fall of body temperature; formation of acute erosions in the digestive tract, particularly in the stomach, small intestine and appendix; loss of cortical lipoids and chromaffin substance from the adrenals; and sometimes hyperemia of the skin, exophthalmos, increased lachrymation and salivation.
Synthesis and Thermoelectric Properties of Bi2Se3 Nanostructures (2010)

Bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) nanostructures were synthesized via solvothermal method. The crystallinity of the as-synthesized sample has been analyzed by X-ray diffraction, which shows the formation of rhombohedral Bi2Se3. Electron microscopy examination indicates that the Bi2Se3 nanoparticles have hexagonal flake-like shape. The effect of the synthesis temperature on the morphology of the Bi2Se3 nanostructures has also been investigated. It is found that the particle size increases with the synthesis temperature. Thermoelectric properties of the Bi2Se3 nanostructures were also measured, and the maximum value of dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) of 0.096 was obtained at 523 K.
Biodistribution of polysorbate 80-coated doxorubicin-loaded [<sup>14</sup>C]-poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles after intravenous administration to glioblastoma-bearing rats (2006)

It was recently shown that doxorubicin (DOX) bound to polysorbate-coated nanoparticles (NP) crossed the intact blood-brain barrier (BBB), and thus reached therapeutic concentrations in the brain. Here, we investigated the biodistribution in the brain and in the body of poly(butyl-2-cyano[3-(14)C]acrylate) NP ([(14)C]-PBCA NP), polysorbate 80 (PS 80)-coated [(14)C]-PBCA NP, DOX-loaded [(14)C]-PBCA NP in glioblastoma 101/8-bearing rats after i.v. injection. The biodistribution profiles and brain concentrations of radiolabeled NP were determined by radioactivity counting after i.v. administration in rats. Changes in BBB permeability after tumour inoculation were assessed by i.v. injection of Evans Blue solution. The accumulation of NP in the tumour site and in the contralateral hemisphere in glioblastoma bearing-rats probably was augmented by the enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR effect) that may have been becoming instrumental due to the impaired BBB on the NP delivery into the brain. The uptake of the NP by the organs of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) was reduced after PS 80-coating, but the addition of DOX increased again the concentration of NP in the RES.
Analysis and Design of an Automatic-Current-Sharing Control Based on Average-Current Mode for Parallel Boost Converters (2006)

This paper presents an automatic-current-sharing control method based on average-current mode for parallel boost converters. With the proposed method, the second-order system of the external loop of boost converter is reduced to a first-order in low frequency, which makes the design of the control circuit easy and improves the dynamic response of parallel boost converters. This paper presents detail analysis and improved design guidelines for the proposed control system. The multi-module parallel number is limitless in theory. Two 40 V/120 V/4.2 A boost converters have been designed for parallel experiment, verifying the correctness of the theory analysis
Synthesis of Monodisperse Nanoparticles of Barium Titanate:  Toward a Generalized Strategy of Oxide Nanoparticle Synthesis (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSynthesis of Monodisperse Nanoparticles of Barium Titanate: Toward a Generalized Strategy of Oxide Nanoparticle SynthesisStephen O'Brien, Louis Brus, and Christopher B. MurrayView Author Information Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics 200 SW Mudd Building, 500 West 120th Street, and Department of Chemistry, Columbia University Havemeyer Hall, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027 IBM Corp. T. J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218 Route 134, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 48, 12085–12086Publication Date (Web):November 7, 2001Publication History Received11 June 2001Published online7 November 2001Published inissue 1 December 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja011414ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja011414arapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views10059Altmetric-Citations422LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Lattices,Metal oxide nanoparticles,Nanoparticles,Oxides,Polarization Get e-Alerts
<i>Escherichia coli</i> Induces DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Eukaryotic Cells (2006)

Transient infection of eukaryotic cells with commensal and extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli of phylogenetic group B2 blocks mitosis and induces megalocytosis. This trait is linked to a widely spread genomic island that encodes giant modular nonribosomal peptide and polyketide synthases. Contact with E. coli expressing this gene cluster causes DNA double-strand breaks and activation of the DNA damage checkpoint pathway, leading to cell cycle arrest and eventually to cell death. Discovery of hybrid peptide-polyketide genotoxins in E. coli will change our view on pathogenesis and commensalism and open new biotechnological applications.
Synergy: an old wisdom, a new paradigm for pharmacotherapy (2009)

Synergy is one of the governing principles of the natural world, and is one of the reasons for the increasing complexity of the evolutionary process. Broadly speaking, it relates to the cooperative effects produced by the interaction between various forces, elements, parts or individuals in a given context. Since the last century, some clinical studies have described the increased efficiency of a combination of drugs. To study the effects of the drug interactions, the most commonly cited model is that of Loewe, and the classical graphical representation is the iso-effect curve (isobologram). Plants contain an enormous diversity of specialized micromolecules, therefore there is a high likelihood of interactions between them. Through recent synergy studies, various synergistic interactions have been demonstrated among extracts of different plants, and between components of the same extract.
A 128K wordx8 bit dynamic RAM (1984)

A 1-Mb DRAM with 128K/spl times/8 bit organization is described. In designing the circuit, half V/SUB cc/ bit line precharge with dummy reverse circuits was adopted for noise reduction. The noise is estimated using a three-dimensional capacitance calculation. In realizing the chip, a 1-/spl mu/m NMOS process with double-level aluminum wiring was used.
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces c-jun during the regenerative response to liver injury (1994)

After liver injury, remaining hepatocytes proliferate to regenerate the liver. Although the precise mechanisms that initiate and localize regeneration are unknown, local induction of c-jun is a critical, early step in the response. Treatment of rats with antibodies to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a mediator of liver injury, inhibits regenerative induction of jun nuclear kinase activity and nuclear c-jun expression and alters the DNA binding activity of the c-jun transcription factor, AP-1, in liver. Pretreatment with anti-TNF antibodies does not affect pulmonary or renal c-jun expression or AP-1 binding activity post-partial hepatectomy. In primary hepatocyte cultures, TNF-alpha directly promotes the proliferative actions of mitogens, supporting in vivo evidence that it sensitizes hepatocytes to mitogens. Thus local release of TNF may act in a paracrine fashion to initiate regeneration in the injured liver by promoting induction of critical growth-related genes, such as c-jun.