gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microstructural changes in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy: A diffusion tensor imaging study (2010)

Our findings, cautiously interpreted, demonstrate the advantage of using a functional imaging technique to aid in the specificity of defining more precisely the pathological processes taking place in white and gray matter regions in PSP.
Insight and perspectives for content delivery networks (2006)

Striking a balance between the costs for Web content providers and the quality of service for Web customers.
FORMATION OF ANTHROPOGENOUS PROCESSES AT THE WEST KAZAKHSTAN OIL FIELDS (1996)

A survey to assess variations in management and outcome of patients admitted with epistaxis was conducted. A questionnaire was sent to all consultant otolaryngologists working at NHS hospitals in England and Wales requesting information about management of patients admitted with epistaxis over a 3 month period. Data analysis of information provided by 102 consultants for a total of 933 patients was performed. The average number of patients admitted with epistaxis over a period of 3 months per consultant was 10.2. More than 70% of the patients were aged 60 years or over. Approximately 75% of the patients required nasal packing; the most common pack used was BIPP (Bismuth Iodine Paraffin Paste). Of the patients, 5.6% required general anaesthesia, with less than 1% requiring formal arterial ligation. The mean duration of stay in hospital was 2.9 days. Few complications were reported. Patients admitted with epistaxis were generally managed conservatively, with very few requiring surgical intervention. There was remarkable consensus in various aspects of management of patients admitted with epistaxis.
Increase in p53 protein half-life in mouse keratinocytes following UV-B irradiation (1994)

Exposure of mammalian cells to UV radiation and other DNA-damaging agents triggers a response known as the UV response. This induction response involves a large number of genes including c-jun, cell-cycle regulatory proteins, specific repair enzymes, and the tumor suppressor gene p53. Altered expression of these genes following DNA damage is hypothesized to result in G1 arrest, thereby allowing cells to repair DNA damage prior to cell division. In the present study, we investigated expression of the p53 gene in mouse keratinocyte cell line 308 after exposure to UV-B light at a biologically relevant dose. Irradiation of 308 cells with 40 J/m2 UV-B resulted in a 4- to 10-fold induction in the level of p53 protein, peaking at 5 h post-irradiation. Northern blot analysis of RNA from UV-B irradiated cells showed no change in the steady-state level of p53 mRNA following irradiation. However, the half-life of p53 protein in UV-B irradiated 308 cells was extended approximately 7-fold, from 30 to 200 min. Additional studies were performed with specific anti-p53 monoclonal antibodies to establish whether UV-B irradiation induced a conformational change in p53 protein in irradiated cells. Metabolic labeling with 35S-methionine followed by immunoprecipitation with p53 monoclonal antibody PAb246, which recognizes the wild-type murine p53 protein, demonstrated that the p53 protein present in 308 cells possessed the wild-type conformation both before and after UV-B irradiation. In contrast, p53 antibody PAb240, which recognizes a 'conformation-dependent' epitope, was not reactive with the p53 protein present in 308 cells. Therefore, we conclude that the induction of p53 protein in mouse keratinocytes following UV-B irradiation occurred posttranscriptionally, and was due to a significant increase in p53 protein half-life.
An efficient reactive model for resource discovery in DHT-based peer-to-peer networks (2006)

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks have become prevalent recently, thanks in large part to the publicity surrounding file-sharing networks, but P2P is evolving to encompass a wide-ranging set of applications. For many of these, a resource discovery mechanism is an essential basic service, but the properties of P2P networks make provision of this a non-trivial task. Solutions proposed have included central indexes, flooding and message forwarding, but the most promising appears to be the use of Distributed Hash Tables (DHTs). DHTs have been used to provide data lookup within logarithmic message costs whilst only requiring maintenance of limited amounts of routing state. One of the most widely known DHTs is Chord, which provides lookup in typically O(log n) hops across the network, where n is the number of nodes in the structure. Understanding that this message cost is proportional to the network size, our contribution is ROME (Reactive Overlay Monitoring and Expansion), a set of processes which run on top of the Chord DHT to provide control over network size. Every node acts as an
A novel NIR fluorescent turn-on sensor for the detection of pyrophosphate anion in complete water system (2011)

A novel fluorescent sensor DCAA-Cu(2+) was developed, showing turn-on fluorescence in NIR region with high selectivity to pyrophosphate anion in 100% aqueous solution.
Control Oriented Modeling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Auxiliary Power Unit for Transportation Applications (2009)

This paper reports on the development of a control-oriented model for simulating a hybrid auxiliary power unit (APU) equipped with a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack. Such a work is motivated by the strong interest devoted to SOFC technology due to its highly appealing potentialities in terms of fuel savings, fuel flexibility, cogeneration, low-pollution and low-noise operation. In this context, the availability of a model with acceptable computational burden and satisfactory accuracy can significantly enhance both system and control strategy design phases for APUs destined to a wide application area (e.g., mild-hybrid cars, trains, ships, and airplanes). The core part of the model is the SOFC stack, surrounded by a number of ancillary devices: air compressor/blower, regulating pressure valves, heat exchangers, prereformer, and postburner. Since the thermal dynamics is clearly the slowest one, a lumped-capacity model is proposed to describe the response of SOFC and heat exchangers to load (i.e., operating current) variation. The stack model takes into account the dependence of stack voltage on operating temperature, thus adequately describing the typical voltage undershoot following a decrease in load demand. On the other hand, due to their faster dynamics the mass transfer and electrochemistry processes are assumed instantaneous. The hybridizing device, whose main purpose is to assist the SOFC system (i.e., stack and ancillaries) during transient conditions, consists of a lead-acid battery pack. Battery power dependence on current is modeled, taking into account the influence of actual state of charge on open circuit voltage and internal resistance. The developed APU model was tested by simulating typical auxiliary power demand profiles for a heavy-duty truck in parked-idling phases. Suited control strategies also were developed to avoid operating the SOFC stack under severe thermal transients and, at the same time, to guarantee a charge sustaining operation of the battery pack. In order to assess the benefits achievable by introducing the SOFC-APU on board of a commercial truck, the simulated fuel consumption was compared with the fuel consumed by idling the thermal engine. From the simulation carried out, it emerges how the SOFC-APU allows achieving a potential reduction in fuel consumption of up to 70%.
Rooting the Eukaryote Tree by Using a Derived Gene Fusion (2002)

Single-gene trees have failed to locate the root of the eukaryote tree because of systematic biases in sequence evolution. Structural genetic data should yield more reliable insights into deep phylogenetic relationships. We searched major protist groups for the presence or absence of a gene fusion in order to locate the root of the eukaryote tree. In striking contrast to previous molecular studies, we show that all eukaryote groups ancestrally with two cilia (bikonts) are evolutionarily derived. The root lies between bikonts and opisthokonts (animals, Fungi, Choanozoa). Amoebozoa either diverged even earlier or are sister of bikonts or (less likely) opisthokonts.
Nanotailored Crystalline Morphology in Hexagonally Perforated Layers of a Self-Assembled PS-<i>b</i>-PEO Diblock Copolymer (2002)

Nanoscale tailored polymer crystalline morphology is studied in a polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) diblock copolymer with number-average molecular weights for the PS and PEO blocks being 17 000 and 11 000 g/mol, respectively. The PEO volume fraction is 0.39. After large amplitude planar reciprocating shear, a hexagonally perforated layer (HPL) structure is obtained. Since the glass transition temperature of the PS blocks (72 °C) is higher than the PEO crystal melting temperature (∼51 °C when the crystallization temperature, Tc, is lower than 40 °C), the PEO block crystallization is confined within the HPL structure. The PEO crystal (the c axis) orientation within this complex confined environment is investigated using simultaneous synchrotron two-dimensional small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) methods. The PEO crystal orientations with respect to the layer plane (or the {000l}) of the HPL structure have been found to be dependent upon Tc. At very low Tcs (below −50 °C), the PEO crystals have a random orientation. Between −50 °C ≤ Tc ≤ −10 °C, the PEO crystal c axes preferentially orient parallel to the layer plane. Above Tc = 0 °C, the crystal c axes orient inclined to the layer plane of the HPL structure, and the tilt angle with respect to the layer plane increases with Tc. Contrary to the confined polymer crystallization in nanolamellar structure, however, the c axis orientation perpendicular to the layer plane is not found at least up to Tc = 40 °C in this HPL confined environment. Meanwhile, the ribbonlike PEO crystal growth is specifically tailored along the {101̄0} planes of the hexagonal PS perforations. Apparent crystallite size analyses using the Scherrer equation confirm the one-dimensional crystal growth at high Tcs. Using time-resolved WAXS experiments, the crystal orientation is observed to occur in the early stage of crystallization with a crystallinity of ∼7 wt %. Based on the results of specifically designed self-seeding experiment, the crystal orientation is determined by the crystal growth (surface nucleation) in the confined HPL phase rather than the preorientation of primary nuclei.
Psychometric assessment of the Chinese language version of the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire in Taiwanese patients with bronchial asthma. (2001)

This study demonstrated that the Chinese language version of the SGRQ has internal consistency and validity with strong evidence of content, concurrent, and discriminating validity in Taiwanese asthma patients. These findings suggest that it is a useful measure of quality of life in Taiwanese asthma patients.
Obtaining vector magnetic field maps from single‐component measurements of geological samples (2009)

Maxwell's equations can be used to demonstrate that the components of a static magnetic field in a region of space devoid of sources are not independent. This means that magnetometers that measure a single component of the magnetic field can potentially obtain all of three components of the field external to a source. Here we present an improved technique in the Fourier domain which can obtain the complete vector field planar map from just the planar map of one component. This technique is fast, robust, does not rely on any specific source type or configuration, and does not require the formulation of an inverse problem. An in‐depth analysis of the advantages and shortcomings of the technique is presented, demonstrating that high‐quality three‐component field maps with virtually no information loss can be obtained when proper sensor and mapping configurations are used. Several results derived from both synthetic and experimental data are presented. In particular, practical cases are shown where vector maps can assist the analysis of magnetic properties of geological samples. MATLAB ® routines implementing the basic vector map calculation algorithm are available as auxiliary materials and can be readily adapted for processing magnetic data obtained from a variety of magnetic sensors.
Relative Permeability Modification in Gas-Liquid Systems Through Wettability Alteration to Intermediate Gas-Wetting (2000)

Abstract The wettability of Berea and chalk samples for gas-oil and gas-water fluids were altered from strong liquid-wetting to intermediate gas-wetting. Two polymers, FC-722 and FC-759, were used to alter the wettability. FC-759 is soluble in water and some 20 times less expensive than FC-722. Gas and liquid relative permeabilities were measured before and after wettability alteration. The results demonstrated a significant increase in liquid-phase relative permeability. Gas-phase relative permeability for a fixed saturation may increase or decrease. However, because of the very high liquid mobility and reduced liquid saturation, the gas mobility also increased for a fixed pressure drop. A number of liquid injectivity tests were also carried out. The results revealed that the liquid-phase mobility could increase significantly when the wettability of rocks was altered from strong liquid-wetting to intermediate gas-wetting. All the results show clearly that the application of wettability alteration to intermediate gas-wetting may significantly increase deliverability in gas condensate reservoirs.
Adhesion characteristics of carbon/epoxy composites treated with low- and atmospheric pressure plasmas (2003)

Although an adhesive joint can distribute load over a larger area than a mechanical joint, requires no holes, adds very little weight to structures and has superior fatigue resistance, it requires careful surface preparation of adherends for reliable joining and low susceptibility to service environments. The load transmission capability of adhesive joints can be improved by increasing the surface free energy of the adherends with suitable surface treatments. In this study, two types of surface treatment, namely the low pressure and the atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, were performed to enhance the mechanical load transmission capabilities of carbon/epoxy composite adhesive joints. The suitable surface treatment conditions for carbon/epoxy composite adhesive joints for both low and atmospheric pressure plasma systems were experimentally investigated with respect to chamber pressure, power intensity and surface treatment time by measuring the surface free energies of the specimens. The change in surface topography of carbon/epoxy composites was measured with AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) and quantitative surface atomic concentrations were determined with XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) to investigate the failure modes of composite adhesive joints with respect to surface treatment time. From the XPS investigation of carbon/epoxy composites, it was found that the ratio of oxygen concentration to carbon concentration for both low and atmospheric pressure plasma-treated carbon/epoxy composite surfaces was maximum after about 30 s treatment time, which corresponded with the maximum load transmission capability of the composite adhesive joint.
A privacy and authentication protocol for mobile RFID system (2014)

Since information communication via radio transmission can be easily eavesdropped, therefore, many radio frequency identification (RFID) security mechanisms for location privacy protection have been proposed recently. However, most of previously proposed schemes do not conform to the EPC Class-1 GEN-2 standard for passive RFID tags as they require the implementation of hash functions on the tags. In 2013, Doss et al. proposed the mutual authentication for the tag, the reader, and the back-end server in the RFID system. Their scheme is the first quadratic residues based to achieve compliance to EPC Class-1 GEN-2 specification and the security of the server-reader channel may not be guaranteed. However, this article will show that the computational requirements and bandwidth consumption are quite demanding in Doss et al.'s scheme. To improve Doss et al.'s protocol, this article proposes a new efficient RFID system where both the tag-reader channel and the reader-server channel are insecure. The proposed method is not only satisfies all the security requirements for the reader and the tag but also achieve compliance to EPC Class-1 GEN-2 specifications. Moreover, the proposed scheme can be used in a large-scale RFID system.
Chronic high fat feeding restricts islet mRNA translation initiation independently of ER stress via DNA damage and p53 activation (2017)

Under conditions of high fat diet (HFD) consumption, glucose dyshomeostasis develops when β-cells are unable to adapt to peripheral insulin demands. Few studies have interrogated the molecular mechanisms of β-cell dysfunction at the level of mRNA translation under such conditions. We sought to address this issue through polyribosome profile analysis of islets from mice fed 16-weeks of 42% HFD. HFD-islet analysis revealed clear trends toward global reductions in mRNA translation with a significant reduction in the polyribosome/monoribosome ratio for Pdx1 mRNA. Transcriptional and translational analyses revealed endoplasmic reticulum stress was not the etiology of our findings. HFD-islets demonstrated evidence of oxidative stress and DNA damage, as well as activation of p53. Experiments in MIN-6 β-cells revealed that treatment with doxorubicin to directly induce DNA damage mimicked our observed effects in islets. Islets from animals treated with pioglitazone concurrently with HFD demonstrated a reversal of effects observed from HFD alone. Finally, HFD-islets demonstrated reduced expression of multiple ribosome biogenesis genes and the key translation initiation factor eIF4E. We propose a heretofore unappreciated effect of chronic HFD on β-cells, wherein continued DNA damage owing to persistent oxidative stress results in p53 activation and a resultant inhibition of mRNA translation.
Rapid Displacement of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> Type 1 by Type 2 in Mixed Infections in Piglets (2003)

Genotypes 1 and 2 of Cryptosporidium parvum are the primary types associated with infections in humans, with type 1 being by far the predominant genotype. The frequency of mixed infection with both genotypes in humans is relatively rare, while type 1, which experimentally infects other mammals, has been found to naturally infect almost exclusively humans. One possible explanation for the absence of type 1 in other mammals and the low frequency of mixed infections in humans is the inability of type 1 to compete with type 2 in nature when both occur simultaneously. To investigate this, we challenged gnotobiotic piglets with equal number of oocysts of type 1 and type 2, given either simultaneously or with type 2 given 24 or 48 h after type 1. The genotype of the oocysts excreted in feces and the relative distribution of each of the genotypes throughout the gut at necropsy were determined. Regardless of the time interval between challenges with the two genotypes, type 2 invariably displaced type 1. The rate of displacement was rapid when both genotypes were given simultaneously, after which no traces of type 1 were detected in the feces or in gut sections by PCR. Infection with type 1 24 or 48 h before challenge with type 2, while permitting type 1 to become established, was still rapidly eliminated within 3 days after challenge with type 2. These observations have major implications regarding the relative perpetuation and survival of these two genotypes in mammals.
Ultra-low detection limits for an organic dye determined by fluorescence spectroscopy with laser diode excitation (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUltra-low detection limits for an organic dye determined by fluorescence spectroscopy with laser diode excitationPaul A. Johnson, Tye E. Barber, Benjamin W. Smith, and James D. WinefordnerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 8, 861–863Publication Date (Print):April 15, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 April 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00183a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00183a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views305Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry for Multielement Pollution Analysis (1974)

This paper outlines the elementary principles of energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with special reference to multielement analysis of pollutants. Typical equipment, using radioisotope sources for X-ray excitation, is described and some results are given for analysis of air particulates, wear debris in oils and suspended and dissolved solids in fresh water. The use of "thin" specimens is discussed for reducing interelement and particle size effects, increasing sensitivity and simplifying preparation of standards and samples.
Cyber-Physical System Security With Deceptive Virtual Hosts for Industrial Control Networks (2014)

A challenge facing industrial control network administrators is protecting the typically large number of connected assets for which they are responsible. These cyber devices may be tightly coupled with the physical processes they control and human induced failures risk dire real-world consequences. Dynamic virtual honeypots are effective tools for observing and attracting network intruder activity. This paper presents a design and implementation for self-configuring honeypots that passively examine control system network traffic and actively adapt to the observed environment. In contrast to prior work in the field, six tools were analyzed for suitability of network entity information gathering. Ettercap, an established network security tool not commonly used in this capacity, outperformed the other tools and was chosen for implementation. Utilizing Ettercap XML output, a novel four-step algorithm was developed for autonomous creation and update of a Honeyd configuration. This algorithm was tested on an existing small campus grid and sensor network by execution of a collaborative usage scenario. Automatically created virtual hosts were deployed in concert with an anomaly behavior (AB) system in an attack scenario. Virtual hosts were automatically configured with unique emulated network stack behaviors for 92% of the targeted devices. The AB system alerted on 100% of the monitored emulated devices.