gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased Interleukin-17 Production Both in Helper T Cell Subset Th17 And CD4-Negative T Cells in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (2007)

Interleukin (IL)-17 is produced mainly by activated CD4(+) T cells, currently known as Th17. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pathogenesis leads to CD4(+) T cell depletion. This is the first report of IL-17 in HIV infection. We assessed IL-17 expression in the CD4(+) T cells (Th17) of 40 asymptomatic HIV-infected treatment-naive patients compared with 40 HIV-seronegative volunteers. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), with/without phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)/ionomycin stimulation, were stained with CD3, CD4, IL-17, and interferon (IFN)-gamma antibodies and analyzed by four-color flow cytometry. Both groups had comparable baseline data, except for age (mean+/-SD): 36 +/- 9 versus 30 +/- 9 yr (p= 0.001), CD4(+) T cell counts (median): 218 versus 623 cells/microL (p < 0.0001), CD8(+) T cell counts (median): 875.5 versus 382.5 cells/microL ((p) < 0.0001), and CD4(+)/CD8(+) cell ratios (median): 0.225 versus 1.45 (p< 0.0001). Without stimulation, the percentages of IL-17(+) CD3(+) CD4() and IL-17(+) CD3(+) CD4() cells among HIV-seropositive and -seronegative volunteers (median) were as follows: 0.68 versus 0.12% (p< 0.0001) and 0.92 versus 0.09% (p< 0.0001), respectively. With PMA/ionomycin stimulation, the percent IL-17 expression in CD4(+) cells (median) was 1.45 versus 0.65 (p< 0.0001) and in CD4() T cells it was 1.0 versus 0.12 (p< 0.0001). In conclusion, HIV infection is associated with a significant increase in IL-17 production in both CD4(+) and CD4() T cells in peripheral blood. IL-17 expression was further inducible by PMA/ionomycin stimulation in vitro only in CD4(+) T cells. The roles of IL-17 and Th17 in HIV viral replication and immunopathogenesis are under further investigation.
Application of supercritical fluid chromatography to the analysis of hydrophobic metabolites (2008)

This review describes the usefulness of supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) in the analysis of hydrophobic metabolites. The use of SFC for the analysis of naturally occurring polyprenols markedly improves the chromatographic resolution of polyprenol homologues and their geometric isomers as compared to conventional HPLC. Under optimized SFC conditions, individual homologues with 10-100-mers were separated. Furthermore, we established an analytical system for the fingerprinting and profiling of diverse lipids through the usage of SFC-MS. When a cyanopropylated silica gel packed column was used for the separation, 14 lipids were successfully detected, and the time required for analysis was less than 15 min. The use of an octadecylsilylated column for the separation depended on the differences in the fatty acid side chains. SFC is a useful separation technology for hydrophobic metabolites, which are difficult to be separated by HPLC.
The nitrogen vacancy in aluminium nitride (2006)

We have carried out a computational study for the nitrogen vacancy in charge states +3, +2 and +1 in AlN in the metastable zinc-blende phase. The vacancy and its four nearest-neighbour Al ions are treated as a molecular cluster, embedded in an infinite classical shell-model crystal. The following ground state properties, all of which are determinable from experiment, have been calculated: total spin, nearest-neighbour displacement, electron spin density at nearest-neighbour nuclei and breathing-mode force constant. The issue of disproportionation among the three charge states is also addressed. Most importantly, the optical excitation energies are evaluated. © 2006 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Synchrophasor data analytics in distribution grids (2017)

The deployment of high-fidelity, high-resolution sensors in distribution systems will play a key role in enabling increased resiliency and reliability in the face of a changing generation landscape. In order to leverage the full potential of such a rich dataset, it is necessary to develop an analytics framework capable of both detecting and analyzing patterns within events of interest. This work details the foundation of such an infrastructure. Here, we present an algorithm for detecting events, in the form of edges in voltage magnitude time series data, and an approach for clustering sets of events to reveal unique features that distinguish different events from one another (e.g. capacitor bank switching from transformer tap changes). We test the proposed infrastructure on distribution synchrophasor data obtained from a utility in California over a one week period. Our results indicate that event detection and clustering of archived data reveals features unique to the operation of voltage regulation equipment. The chosen data set particularly highlights the value of the derivative of the localized voltage angle as a distinguishing feature.
Tuning sensitivity of liquid refractive index sensor based on side-polishing fiber Bragg gratings (2008)

A tuning sensitivity of side-polished fiber Bragg grating sensors for measuring liquid refractive index is presented. Experimental result shows the variation of liquid refractive index as a function of reflection power of the surrounding medium.
Renal and cardiovascular characterization of COX-2 knockdown mice (2009)

Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors (coxibs) increase the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Complete disruption of the murine gene encoding COX-2 (Ptgs2) leads to renal developmental problems, as well as female reproductive anomalies and patent ductus arteriosus of variable penetrance in newborns, thus rendering this genetic approach difficult to compare with coxib administration. Here, we created hypomorphic Ptgs2 (COX-2(Neo/Neo)) mice in which COX-2 expression is suppressed to an extent similar to that achieved with coxibs, but not eliminated, in an attempt to circumvent these difficulties. In LPS-challenged macrophages and cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells obtained from COX-2(Neo/Neo) mice, COX-2 expression was reduced 70-90%, and these mice developed a mild renal phenotype compared with COX-2 mice possessing an active site mutation (COX-2(Y385F/Y385F)), with minimal signs of renal dysfunction as measured by FITC-inulin clearance and blood urea nitrogen. These COX-2 knockdown mice displayed an increased propensity for thrombogenesis compared with their wild-type (COX-2(+/+)) littermates observed by intravital microscopy in cremaster muscle arterioles upon ferric chloride challenge. Measurement of urinary prostanoid metabolites indicated that COX-2(Neo/Neo) mice produced 50% less prostacyclin but similar levels of PGE(2) and thromboxane compared with COX-2(+/+) mice in the absence of any blood pressure and ex vivo platelet aggregation abnormalities. COX-2(Neo/Neo) mice, therefore, provide a genetic surrogate of coxib therapy with disrupted prostacyclin biosynthesis that predisposes to induced arterial thrombosis.
Diagnostic value of circulating free DNA for the detection of EGFR mutation status in NSCLC: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2014)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is a reliable and sensitive biomarker for EGFR-TKI therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, detection of EGFR mutation in tissues has obvious limitations. Circulating free DNA (cfDNA) has been reported as an alternative approach for the detection of EGFR mutations. This systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to assess the diagnostic performance of cfDNA, compared with tissues. True-positive (TP), false-positive (FP), false-negative (FN), and true-negative (TN) values were extracted or calculated for each study. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated. A summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) and area under curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the overall diagnostic performance. 20 eligible studies involving 2012 cases were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR were 0.674 (95%CI: 0.517-0.800), 0.935 (95%CI: 0.888-0.963), 10.307 (95%CI: 6.167-17.227), 0.348 (95%CI: 0.226-0.537), and 29.582 (95%CI: 4.582-60.012), respectively. The AUC was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.90-0.95). The meta-analysis suggests that detection of EGFR mutation by cfDNA is of adequate diagnostic accuracy and cfDNA analysis could be a promising screening test for NSCLC.
Correction Scheme for a Post-Objective Optical Scanner (1986)

A simple method of correcting the cylindrically curved field caused by the motion of the scan mirror in a post-objective optical scanner without introducing bow distortion is presented.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Gaseous Formaldehyde Using TiO<sub>2</sub> Film (1998)

The photocatalytic degradation of gaseous formaldehydea major cause of sick building syndromewas studied using a TiO2 thin film. TiO2 thin films have many unique photoinduced properties, for example, self-cleaning, anti-fouling, and anti-bacterial functions. UV illumination of the TiO2 thin film placed in a gaseous formaldehyde/air environment resulted in the total mineralization of formaldehyde to CO2 and H2O. We invoked a Langmuir−Hinshelwood kinetic model to analyze the dependence of reaction rates on the concentration of formaldehyde. In addition, the overall decomposition rate constant for formaldehyde was comparable to that of acetaldehyde (a standard test reactant) for initial concentrations of up to 1000 ppmv. However, the apparent adsorption constant Kapp of formaldehyde onto TiO2 was ca. 2.5 times larger than that of acetaldehyde. Thus in the low concentration regime, the reactivity of formaldehyde appeared to be greater than that of acetaldehyde. In like manner, a dark adsorption experiment also showed the high adsorption capacity of TiO2 for formaldehyde. Therefore, we conclude that TiO2 serves as both a good adsorbent and a photocatalyst for the elimination of gaseous formaldehyde.
Chirality-Sensing Supramolecular Systems (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTChirality-Sensing Supramolecular SystemsGuy A. Hembury, Victor V. Borovkov, and Yoshihisa InoueView Author Information Japan Science and Technology Agency and Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 1, 1–73Publication Date (Web):December 21, 2007Publication History Received16 March 2007Published online21 December 2007Published inissue 1 January 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr050005khttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr050005kresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views13792Altmetric-Citations925LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Chirality,Pyrroles,Solvents,Supramolecular structures and assemblies Get e-Alerts
ADVANCED REGENERABLE HEPA FILTERS BASED ON CERAMIC HONEYCOMB MATERIALS (2004)

High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters are used in many industrial and governmental applications. While standard pleated fiberglass HEPA filters are adequate for many of these applications, the Department of Energy (DOE) has many nuclear air cleaning examples in which enhanced thermal, chemical, mechanical, or in situ filter cleaning capabilities would be useful. The CeraMem™ HEPA filter is a membrane-coated porous ceramic honeycomb monolith modified to serve as a dead-end, wall-flow filter. CeraMem has developed new filters with lower airflow resistance as compared to those previously reported while maintaining HEPA filtration efficiency, filter cleanability, and thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability. CeraMem has evaluated its ceramic HEPA filters in demanding applications, two of which are described. In the first, CeraMem investigated a two-step high-temperature HEPA filtration/catalytic oxidation process for reducing dioxin and furan emissions from incinerator off-gas streams. This HEPA filter process was shown to be very effective in reducing the formation of toxic dioxins and furans and to reduce the level of dioxin and furan contamination of incinerator ash. In the second, the ceramic HEPA filters were evaluated as prefilters prior to a fiberglass HEPA filter for eliminating the atmospheric discharge of fine radioactive particulate calcine from transport air in a pneumatic transport system. The filters were repeatedly cleaned and no increase in pressure drop was observed for the downstream HEPA filter. The ceramic honeycomb HEPA filter technology provides for an alternative to conventional fiberglass HEPA filters or could be used as prefilters prior to conventional HEPA filters in applications that require enhanced ruggedness and in situ cleanability. These applications include nuclear materials handling and waste destruction and extend to protection against chemical, biological and radioactive weapons.
A Small Molecular Scaffold for Selective Inhibition of Wip1 Phosphatase (2007)

Inhibiting Wip1. Using a pyrrole-based scaffold, we developed a series of small molecules that mimic the three-dimensional arrangement of the polar and hydrophobic functional groups of the best cyclic peptide inhibitor. Iterative optimization cycles of design, synthesis, and kinetic testing has lead to a selective inhibitor of Wip1. The picture shows the structure of the best inhibitor bound to the active site of the enzyme. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2452/2008/z700281_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
An efficient algorithm for sparse matrix computations (1992)

A new representation of a sparse matrix is introduced that is very efficient for matrix multiplication when the non-zero elements are partially or fully adjacent to one another as in band or triangular matrices. Space complexity is better than that of the existing algorithms when the number of the groups of adjacent non-zero elements is less than two-thirds of the total number of non-zero elements. Time complexity is better or much better than that of existing algorithms depending on the number of groups of non-zero adjacent elements in the factor matrices.
Efficiency of various bile salt preparations for stimulation of Clostridium difficile spore germination (1983)

Taurocholate, desoxycholate, and cholate stimulated germination of Clostridium difficile spores in broth medium and enhanced recovery of C. difficile spores on a selective agar medium. Desoxycholate and some crude taurocholate preparations also inhibited multiplication of vegetative cells. At a concentration of 1.2 X 10(-2) M, sodium cholate inhibited multiplication of vegetative cells, but at concentrations of 1.2 X 10(-3) to 2.4 X 10(-3) M, it stimulated germination without inhibiting cell multiplication. Thus, pure sodium taurocholate and sodium cholate may effectively be incorporated in cefoxitin-cycloserine-fructose agar, whereas some crude preparations of sodium taurocholate decrease recovery on this medium.
Polyclonal antibodies to mannan from yeast also recognize the carbohydrate structure of gp120 of the AIDS virus (1990)

This study initiates a new method of developing an antigen which might be useful in the prevention of HIV-1 infection. Using a mannan preparation from Saccharomyces cerevisiae neutralizing antiserum was raised in rabbits which prevents HIV-1 infection in vitro up to a titre of 1:128. The corresponding antibody preparation neutralized the in vitro infectivity down to a concentration of 5 micrograms/ml. Analytical studies suggest that the antibodies are directed against the mannose residues of the HIV-1 glycoprotein (gp) 120 and its precursor gp 160.
Optical trapping of nanotubes with cylindrical vector beams (2012)

We use laser beams with radial and azimuthal polarization to optically trap carbon nanotubes. We measure force constants and trap parameters as a function of power showing improved axial trapping efficiency with respect to linearly polarized beams. The analysis of the thermal fluctuations highlights a significant change in the optical trapping potential when using cylindrical vector beams. This enables the use of polarization states to shape optical traps according to the particle geometry, as well as paving the way to nanoprobe-based photonic force microscopy with increased performance compared to a standard linearly polarized configuration.
Distributed scheduling based on due dates and buffer priorities (1991)

Several distributed scheduling policies are analyzed for a large semiconductor manufacturing facility, where jobs of wafers, each with a desired due date, follow essentially the same route through the manufacturing system, returning several times to many of the service centers for the processing of successive layers. It is shown that for a single nonacyclic flow line the first-buffer-first-serve policy, which assigns priorities to buffers in the order that they are visited, is stable, whenever the arrival rate, allowing for some burstiness, is less than the system capacity. The last-buffer-first-serve policy (LBFS), where the priority ordering is reversed, is also stable. The earliest-due-date policy, where priority is based on the due date of a part, as well as another due-date-based policy of interest called the least slack policy (LS), where priority is based on the slack of a part, defined as the due date minus an estimate of the remaining delay, are also proved to be stable.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Value of Tropical Plant Diversity (2019)

This new 5-page document discusses plant diversity at the UF/IFAS Tropical Research and Education Center, environmental factors and human activities affecting these plants, assemblages of species based on levels of disturbance, human choice, and other factors, and the diverse needs these plants meet. Written by Cliff G. Martin and Zachary T. Brym, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, June 2019. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ag435
Metabolic Profiling Approach To Explore Compounds Related to the Umami Intensity of Soy Sauce (2014)

A metabolic profiling approach was employed to explore the compounds that affect the intensity of umami taste in soy sauce. Twenty-five kinds of soy sauces were analyzed using GC-MS and LC-MS, wherein measurement data for 427 compounds were obtained. The umami taste intensity of each soy sauce sample was also quantitated by sensory evaluation and a projection to latent structure (PLS) regression analysis was conducted using the compounds' measurements and umami taste intensity data. Variable importance for the projection (VIP) value obtained via PLS was used for the estimation of the relevance for umami taste intensity. N-(1-Deoxyfructos-1-yl)glutamic acid (Fru-Glu) had the highest VIP value, and addition of Fru-Glu to soy sauce increased umami taste intensity better than glutamic acid at the same concentration as confirmed by sensory evaluation. This study showed that the combination of metabolic profiling approach and sensory evaluation can be used effectively to determine compounds related to taste.
A review of performance evaluation measures for hierarchical classifiers (2007)

Criteria for evaluating the performance of a classifier are an important part in its design. They allow to estimate the behavior of the generated classifier on unseen data and can be also used to compare its performance against the performance of classifiers generated by other classification algorithms. There are currently several performance measures for binary and flat classification problems. For hierarchical classification problems, where there are multiple classes which are hierarchically related, the evaluation step is more complex. This paper reviews the main evaluation metrics proposed in the literature to evaluate hierarchical classification models.
Single crystal Si layers on glass formed by ion cutting (2002)

The process of ion cutting was used to integrate single crystalline Si layers on glass for potential active matrix flat panel display and other applications. It was found that p-Si wafers implanted at 100–150 °C with H with a dose in the order of a few times 1016 cm−2 could be readily bonded to glass substrates when both of the surfaces were properly treated and activated. The as-implanted Si wafer surface was converted from p type to n type. Upon bonding at room temperature, annealing (300 °C) and exfoliation (450 °C), the transferred Si layer on glass and the as-exfoliated surface of the implanted Si wafer remained n type. A highly defective region was observed near the top of the Si layer on glass, however the crystalline quality was nearly defect free in the deeper region of the layer. Annealing at sequentially higher temperatures led to the recovery of p type conductivity at ∼600–650 °C. The type conversion and the subsequent annealing behavior observed on the samples were rationalized in terms of ion enhanced oxygen diffusion and the presence of H-related shallow donors in the Si.
Relationship of serum estradiol and progesterone concentrations to the excretion profiles of their major urinary metabolites as measured by enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay (1991)

Paired daily blood and urine samples were collected from 10 apparently healthy premenopausal women to compare the hormone profiles of estradiol (E2) and progesterone in serum with those of estrone conjugates (E1Conj) and pregnanediol-3-glucuronide (PdG) in urine. Serum hormones were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) kits, whereas the urinary steroid metabolites were assessed by both RIA and enzyme immunoassay (EIA). RIA and EIA values for urinary E1Conj and PdG were not different, and both methods produced urinary profiles that paralleled the profile of the parent steroid in serum. However, the simplicity, flexibility, and economy of EIA will make this method more widely applicable. Mean E1Conj values lagged behind concentrations of serum E2 by one day or less, whereas daily urinary PdG profiles lagged behind serum progesterone by one to two days. Mean urinary profiles of E1Conj were similar whether or not creatinine was used to adjust for urine volume; however, creatinine indexing was beneficial when urinary profiles in individual cycles were compared with changes of serum E2.
Identification of sodium channel subtypes induced in cultured retinal pigment epithelium cells (1995)

Recent electrophysiological experiments have shown that retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells begin to produce neuronal-type voltage-dependent sodium currents when placed in dissociated cell culture. In this study, the sodium channel types induced in cultured rat RPE cells were identified. Sodium channel mRNAs encoding two distinct alpha subunits were detected in the cultured RPE cells, brain type II/IIA, and a novel rat mRNA which we have termed RET1. These two sodium channel types may correspond to the TTX-sensitive and TTX-insensitive components of sodium current reported previously in cultured rat RPE cells.