gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The$p$-Sphere Encoder: Peak-Power Reduction by Lattice Precoding for the MIMO Gaussian Broadcast Channel (2006)

A vector precoding scheme has been recently proposed for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Gaussian broadcast channel. This technique minimizes the instantaneous transmitted power of linearly precoded signals, but does not take into account the peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR). In this paper, we present a modified vector precoding scheme where a perturbation vector is chosen in order to take into account both the instantaneous power and the instantaneous peak power of the transmitted signal. This is obtained by minimizing the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$rho$</tex> -norm of the transmitted signal, for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$rhogeq 2$</tex> . For this reason, the scheme is referred to as the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$rho$</tex> -sphere encoder. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed scheme applied to a MIMO i.i.d. Rayleigh fading downlink channel with simple channel inversion. We show that by choosing <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$rhogeq 2$</tex> , the proposed <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$rho$</tex> -sphere encoder yields a tradeoff between power efficiency, PAPR reduction, and complexity. In particular, with eight antennas, the proposed algorithm significantly reduces the tail of the PAPR distribution with very small degradation terms of bit-error rate with respect to standard vector precoding.
Preparation and Reactions of Trialkyltinlithium (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Reactions of TrialkyltinlithiumChrist Tamborski, Frederic E. Ford, and Edward J. SoloskiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 1, 237–239Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01036a516https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01036a516research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views637Altmetric-Citations126LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tai Chi for the elderly patients with COVID-19 in recovery period (2021)

PEROSPERO CRD42020220128.
Production of Odd-Carbon Dicarboxylic Acids in <i>Escherichia coli</i> Using an Engineered Biotin–Fatty Acid Biosynthetic Pathway (2017)

Dicarboxylic acids are commodity chemicals used in the production of plastics, polyesters, nylons, fragrances, and medications. Bio-based routes to dicarboxylic acids are gaining attention due to environmental concerns about petroleum-based production of these compounds. Some industrial applications require dicarboxylic acids with specific carbon chain lengths, including odd-carbon species. Biosynthetic pathways involving cytochrome P450-catalyzed oxidation of fatty acids in yeast and bacteria have been reported, but these systems produce almost exclusively even-carbon species. Here we report a novel pathway to odd-carbon dicarboxylic acids directly from glucose in Escherichia coli by employing an engineered pathway combining enzymes from biotin and fatty acid synthesis. Optimization of the pathway will lead to industrial strains for the production of valuable odd-carbon diacids.
Characterization of latent recombinant TGF‐β2 produced by chinese hamster ovary cells (1991)

Latent recombinant transforming growth factor-beta 2 (LrTGF-beta 2) complex has been purified from serum-free media conditioned by Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with a plasmid encoding the TGF-beta 2 (414) precursor. Under neutral conditions, LrTGF-beta 2 had an apparent molecular weight of 130 kDa. The complex contained both mature and pro-region sequences. Acidification of LrTGF-beta 2 resulted in the release of mature 24 kDa TGF-beta 2 from the high molecular weight pro-region-containing complex, suggesting that TGF-beta 2 was non-covalently associated with this complex. These results were confirmed by crosslinking experiments performed on partially purified LrTGF-beta 2. Protein sequence analysis of the purified TGF-beta 2 pro-region indicated that signal peptide cleavage occurred between ser(20) and leu(21). The pro-region, which previously was found to contain mannose-6-phosphate, bound to the mannose-6-phosphate receptor. Proteolytic cleavage of mature TGF-beta 2 from pro-TGF-beta 2 was inhibited by monensin and chloroquine suggesting that binding to this receptor and subsequent transport to acidic vesicles may be involved in the processing of rTGF-beta 2 precursor.
Structures and energetics of hydrogen-terminated silicon nanowire surfaces (2005)

The analysis and density-functional tight-binding simulations of possible configurations of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) enclosed by low-index surfaces reveal a number of remarkable features. For wires along <100>, <110>, and <111> directions, many low-index facet configurations and cross sections are possible, making their controlled growth difficult. The 112 wires are the most attractive for research and applications because they have only one configuration of enclosing low-index facets with a rectangular cross section, enclosed with the most stable (111) facet and the (110) facet next to it. In general, the stability of the SiNWs is determined by a balance between (1) minimization of the surface energy gamma(111)<gamma(110)<gamma(001), and (2) minimization of the surface-to-volume ratio [svr; svr(hexagonal)>svr(rectangular)>svr(triangular)]. The energy band gaps follow the order of <100>wires > <112>wires > <111>wires > <110>wires. The results are compared with our recent scanning tunneling microscopy and transmission electron microscopy data.
Reception Analysis of Liquor Advertisement for Female Consumer Based on Priming Effect (2007)

본 연구는 여성 소비자가 소비에 있어 제품을 선택하고, 구입하는데 큰 영향을 미친다는 점에서 시작하였다. 여러 제품 중 아직까지는 여성보다 남성의 소비가 많은 주류를 차지하지만 소주의 "웰빙과 저도화"에 따라 점차 여성의 음주 인구 편입이 늘어나고 있는 추세이다. 그동안 남성 위주로 제작된 주류 광고가 어떻게 여성 소비자에게 다가갈 수 있으며 구매까지 영향력을 끼칠 수 있는지 점화효과를 통해 간접적으로 측정하고 검증하였다. 이 실험을 통해 피실험자들은 실험 영상과 간섭 영상이 의미적으로 연관이 있을 경우 부분적으로 점화효과가 있었음을 알 수 있었다. 짧은 시간동안 스쳐 지나가는 광고의 한 장면일지라도 그것이 의미적으로 비슷한 환경이나 여건이 되어 노출될 경우 점화효과가 일어나 광고 중에 나타난 행동을 긍정적으로 생각하게 되는 것이다. 주류 외에 자동차와 같은 남성 중심적 제품의 광고가 여성 소비자에게 어필하기 위해서는 광고가 점화효과를 일으킬 수 있는 상황적 요소가 맞아야 할 것이다. 이러한 점화효과를 광고 제작과 편성에 이용한다면 보다 쉽게 여성 소비자에게 다가갈 수 있을 것이다. This study started from the point that female consumers have powerful effects on selection and purchase of products. Liquor is consumed by men more than women, but a population of women drinking liquor is increasing due to "wellbeing and a tendency to lower alcoholicity" of soju. Through priming effects, this study estimated and tested how liquor advertising which had been made focusing on male consumers could appeal to female consumers and affect their purchase. The results of this study revealed that the subjects were partially influenced by priming effects when the experimental image and the interference image were connected to each other in terms of their meaning. This study showed that if scenes in advertising, no matter how short they were, were in a similar situation, priming effects occurred and consumers had a positive attitude toward behavior which appeared in the advertising. In order that advertising of male-dominated products such as cars in addition to liquor may appeal to female consumers, situational factors have to be suitable to create priming effects. If such priming effects are advertising making and arrangement, advertising can appeal to female consumers more easily.
“Don’t Phos Over Tau”: recent developments in clinical biomarkers and therapies targeting tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer’s disease and other tauopathies (2021)

Phosphorylation is one of the most prevalent post-translational modifications found in aggregated tau isolated from Alzheimer's disease (AD) patient brains. In tauopathies like AD, increased phosphorylation or hyperphosphorylation can contribute to microtubule dysfunction and is associated with tau aggregation. In this review, we provide an overview of the structure and functions of tau protein as well as the physiologic roles of tau phosphorylation. We also extensively survey tau phosphorylation sites identified in brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid from AD patients compared to age-matched healthy controls, which may serve as disease-specific biomarkers. Recently, new assays have been developed to measure minute amounts of specific forms of phosphorylated tau in both cerebrospinal fluid and plasma, which could potentially be useful for aiding clinical diagnosis and monitoring disease progression. Additionally, multiple therapies targeting phosphorylated tau are in various stages of clinical trials including kinase inhibitors, phosphatase activators, and tau immunotherapy. With promising early results, therapies that target phosphorylated tau could be useful at slowing tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation in AD and other tauopathies.
Coronary CT Angiography–derived Fractional Flow Reserve (2017)

Invasive coronary angiography (ICA) with measurement of fractional flow reserve (FFR) by means of a pressure wire technique is the established reference standard for the functional assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) ( 1 , 2 ). Coronary computed tomographic (CT) angiography has emerged as a noninvasive method for direct assessment of CAD and plaque characterization with high diagnostic accuracy compared with ICA ( 3 , 4 ). However, the solely anatomic assessment provided with both coronary CT angiography and ICA has poor discriminatory power for ischemia-inducing lesions. FFR derived from standard coronary CT angiography (FFR<sub>CT</sub>) data sets by using any of several advanced computational analytic approaches enables combined anatomic and hemodynamic assessment of a coronary lesion by a single noninvasive test. Current technical approaches to the calculation of FFR<sub>CT</sub> include algorithms based on full- and reduced-order computational fluid dynamic modeling, as well as artificial intelligence deep machine learning ( 5 , 6 ). A growing body of evidence has validated the diagnostic accuracy of FFR<sub>CT</sub> techniques compared with invasive FFR. Improved therapeutic guidance has been demonstrated, showing the potential of FFR<sub>CT</sub> to streamline and rationalize the care of patients suspected of having CAD and improve outcomes while reducing overall health care costs ( 7 , 8 ). The purpose of this review is to describe the scientific principles, clinical validation, and implementation of various FFR<sub>CT</sub> approaches, their precursors, and related imaging tests. <sup>©</sup> RSNA, 2017.
Simplified NaCl Based <sup>68</sup>Ga Concentration and Labeling Procedure for Rapid Synthesis of <sup>68</sup>Ga Radiopharmaceuticals in High Radiochemical Purity (2012)

A simple sodium chloride (NaCl) based (68)Ga eluate concentration and labeling method that enables rapid, high-efficiency labeling of DOTA conjugated peptides in high radiochemical purity is described. The method utilizes relatively few reagents and comprises minimal procedural steps. It is particularly well-suited for routine automated synthesis of clinical radiopharmaceuticals. For the (68)Ga generator eluate concentration step, commercially available cation-exchange cartridges and (68)Ga generators were used. The (68)Ga generator eluate was collected by use of a strong cation exchange cartridge. 98% of the total activity of (68)Ga was then eluted from the cation exchange cartridge with 0.5 mL of 5 M NaCl solution containing a small amount of 5.5 M HCl. After buffering with ammonium acetate, the eluate was used directly for radiolabeling of DOTATOC and DOTATATE. The (68)Ga-labeled peptides were obtained in higher radiochemical purity compared to other commonly used procedures, with radiochemical yields greater than 80%. The presence of (68)Ge could not be detected in the final product. The new method obviates the need for organic solvents, which eliminates the required quality control of the final product by gas chromatography, thereby reducing postsynthesis analytical effort significantly. The (68)Ga-labeled products were used directly, with no subsequent purification steps, such as solid-phase extraction. The NaCl method was further evaluated using an automated fluid handling system and it routinely facilitates radiochemical yields in excess of 65% in less than 15 min, with radiochemical purity consistently greater than 99% for the preparation of (68)Ga-DOTATOC.
Performance evaluation of checksum-based ABFT (2002)

In algorithm-based fault tolerance (ABFT), fault tolerance is tailored to the algorithm performed. Most of the previous studies that compared ABFT schemes considered only error detection and correction capabilities. Some previous studies looked at the overhead but no previous work compared different recovery schemes for data processing applications considering throughput as the main metric. We compare the performance of two recovery schemes: recomputing and ABFT correction, for different error rates. We consider errors that occur during computation as well as those that occur during error detection, location and correction processes. A metric for performance evaluation of different design alternatives is defined. Results show that multiple error correction using ABFT has poorer performance than single error correction even at high error rates. We also present, implement and evaluate early detection in ABFT. In early detection, we try to detect the errors that occur in the checksum calculation before starting the actual computation. Early detection improves throughput in cases of intensive computations and cases of high error rates.
Phase imaging flow cytometry using a focus-stack collecting microscope (2012)

This letter introduces a fluidics-based focus-stack collecting microscope. A microfluidic device transports cells through the focal plane of a microscope, resulting in an efficient method to collect focus stacks of large collections of single cells. Images from the focus stacks are used to reconstruct the quantitative phase of cells with the transport-of-intensity-equation method. Using the phase imaging flow cytometer, we measure three-dimensional shape variations of red blood and leukemia cells.
Non-Thermal Plasma Exhaust Aftertreatment: A Fast Rise-Time Concept (1997)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Increases in efficiency may be possible by a new technique for non-thermal plasma aftertreatment of exhaust gases. The new technique involves very short risetimes (40ps) high frequency (5Ghz) high power bursts of low duty factor microwaves to generate a dielectric barrier discharge. The technique is illustrated in the simplified example of the dissociation of NO in N<sub>2</sub>. Electric field distributions and enhancing improvements are briefly described for a number of configurations.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The technique is meant to be used in conjunction with material catalyst and can, for a class of catalysts, cause a significant reactivity on the catalyst surface.</div>
Anamorelin Hydrochloride in the Treatment of Cancer Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome (2014)

Anamorelin hydrochloride is an orally active ghrelin receptor agonist in development by Helsinn, for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cachexia. In preclinical and clinical studies, the potent affinity of anamorelin for the ghrelin receptor is associated with significant appetite-enhancing activity and resultant improvements in body weight, lean body mass, and handgrip strength compared with placebo. The accompanying stimulatory effects on growth hormone and IGF-1 are not associated with tumor growth, and overall survival in patients with cancer is not compromised. Anamorelin is well tolerated with no dose-limiting toxicities identified to date. The findings of ongoing Phase III studies are needed to confirm the significant potential of anamorelin to treat NSCLC cachexia.
Role of pagL and lpxO in Bordetella bronchiseptica Lipid A Biosynthesis (2011)

ABSTRACT PagL and LpxO are enzymes that modify lipid A. PagL is a 3-O deacylase that removes the primary acyl chain from the 3 position, and LpxO is an oxygenase that 2-hydroxylates specific acyl chains in the lipid A. pagL and lpxO homologues have been identified in the genome of Bordetella bronchiseptica , but in the current structure for B. bronchiseptica lipid A the 3 position is acylated and 2-OH acylation is not reported. We have investigated the role of B. bronchiseptica pagL and lpxO in lipid A biosynthesis. We report a different structure for wild-type (WT) B. bronchiseptica lipid A, including the presence of 2-OH-myristate, the presence of which is dependent on lpxO . We also demonstrate that the 3 position is not acylated in the major WT lipid A structures but that mutation of pagL results in the presence of 3-OH-decanoic acid at this position, suggesting that lipid A containing this acylation is synthesized but that PagL removes most of it from the mature lipid A. These data refine the structure of B. bronchiseptica lipid A and demonstrate that pagL and lpxO are involved in its biosynthesis.
Diaphragm Pacing in Infants and Children (1988)

Since 1976 we have implanted bilateral diaphragm pacers in 34 infants and children: 26 with central hypoventilation syndrome (CHS), three with myelomeningocele, and five with quadriplegia. Compared to adults, several modifications have been necessary to achieve effective ventilation in infants and younger children. In all instances, a tracheostomy has been necessary due to impaired neuromuscular control of upper airway patency during pacing. Bilateral pacing has been necessary to achieve adequate ventilation; in the CHS children with normal awake ventilation, bilateral pacing during sleep eliminates the need for positive pressure ventilation. For the remaining children, adequate awake ventilation is achieved with bilateral pacing, thus permitting substantially greater mobility and limiting use of the ventilator to sleep time. Our longest survivor has now been paced for 10.7 years, and in no instance has phrenic nerve damage occurred secondary to electrical stimulation. Our current pacing regime is characterized by moderate respiratory rates (21 breaths/min), long interpulse intervals (95 ms), and short inspiratory times (0.6 sec), resulting in 50%-75% fewer stimuli/min compared to our previous regime. For all infants and children requiring 24-hour ventilatory assistance, our recent successes in maintaining ventilation using significantly fewer stimuli suggest that long-term continuous pacing is a realistic future goal.
A Scientific Hypothesis on the Role of Nutritional Supplements for Effective Management of Hair Loss and Promoting Hair Regrowth (2018)

Our quest for establishing a cause and effect relationship has lead us to accept that only androgens and DHT causes hair loss. However there are various other internal and external factors resulting in hair loss due to dysregulation of the hair growth cycles. There are non hormonal factors that influence and carry out metabolic interactions maintaining a cellular environment to ensure the intricate balance of hair growth cycles. Oxidative stress generated by ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) from external exposure to pollution, smoking, pesticides in foods, contamination of soil, water, etc. as well as excessive ROS formation due to internal metabolic derangements, can lead to hair loss. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies have been clinically detected in hair loss patients and are known to alter the immune response. Though the prevalence of nutritional deficiencies is common these are covert deficiencies. The nutrient deficiencies cannot always be detected clinically as the deficiencies are masked and compensated by self regulating processes of redistributing the utilization of nutrients in the body, arresting hair growth during stress, sickness, exertion, recovery, etc. which we know as telogen effluvium, and by novel mechanisms like autophagy. In deficiency states body conserves the nutrients by restricting hair growth. It is worthy to note that apparent deficiency of a single nutrient has a cascading effect on optimum utilization of multiple other nutrients and functioning of other body systems. When we desire to stimulate or ensure hair growth it is logical to ensure a supply of building blocks, which are the necessary nutrients, in order to support cell division and growth. We have been investigating hair loss all the time. Let us now change our perspective and direct our efforts on how to strengthen the hair roots to withstand the onslaught of damage and enhance hair growth. In the present review, a low dose comprehensive cyclical nutrient therapy, for hair growth utilized in our practice is included. Here we propose the hypothesis and discuss the scientific basis and mechanism of how to achieve hair growth with the use of nutritional supplements.
Complete catalytic oxidation of volatile organics (1989)

Revue de la litterature sur l'oxydation catalytique heterogene des composes volatils organiques: principes scientifiques fondamentaux de toutes les oxydations catalytiques et application aux composes volatils organiques
Diseño y género: Las aventuras de venus en el reino de la razón (2002)

En el lejano numero 0 de On Diseno se publico un articulo de Anna Balletbo sobre las relaciones entre las mujeres y el diseno. Casi veinticinco anos despues, las reflexiones propuestas por Isabel Campi centran de nuevo el debate entre aquella disciplina metodologica y la mujer; desde opciones claramente feministas, la autora propone una amplia exposicion de algunas de las situaciones de conflicto que se producen entre la mujer y la arquitectura, el diseno y el urbanismo, centradas fundamentalmente en la critica del entorno, la revision del Movimiento Moderno y la recuperacion del papel de las disenadoras y las arquitectas.
Compounds of the triphenyltin(II) ion (1981)

Ionic compounds R+SnPh3-, where R = Me4N, (Ph3P)2N, Na(15-crown-5) or K(18-crown-6), are prepared from alkali metal derivatives, Ph3SnM, by reactions in liquid ammonia which yield the products as yellow crystalline solids, soluble in a weakly basic solvent. N.m.r. and vibrational spectra of the Ph3Sn- anion, a pyramidal species with C3V symmetry, and the cationic complexes [M(crown)]+, are reported and assigned.
Distributed strain measurement using BOTDR improved by taking account of temperature dependence of Brillouin scattering power (1997)

We successfully improved the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) measurement of distributed strain along optical fibers, which previously only took the strain dependence of the Brillouin frequency shift into consideration. This improvement was achieved by including an evaluation of the temperature dependence of spontaneous Brillouin backscattering power, in order to separate the thermal effects from the frequency dependence.