gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermocapillary actuation by optimized resistor pattern: bubbles and droplets displacing, switching and trapping (2010)

We report a novel method for bubble or droplet displacement, capture and switching within a bifurcation channel for applications in digital microfluidics based on the Marangoni effect, i.e. the appearance of thermocapillary tangential interface stresses stemming from local surface tension variations. The specificity of the reported actuation is that heating is provided by an optimized resistor pattern (B. Selva, J. Marchalot and M.-C. Jullien, An optimized resistor pattern for temperature gradient control in microfluidics, J. Micromech. Microeng., 2009, 19, 065002) leading to a constant temperature gradient along a microfluidic cavity. In this context, bubbles or droplets to be actuated entail a surface force originating from the thermal Marangoni effect. This actuator has been characterized (B. Selva, I. Cantat, and M.-C. Jullien, Migration of a bubble towards a higher surface tension under the effect of thermocapillary stress, preprint, 2009) and it was found that the bubble/droplet (called further element) is driven toward a high surface tension region, i.e. toward cold region, and the element velocity increases while decreasing the cavity thickness. Taking advantage of these properties three applications are presented: (1) element displacement, (2) element switching, detailed in a given range of working, in which elements are redirected towards a specific evacuation, (3) a system able to trap, and consequently stop on demand, the elements on an alveolus structure while the continuous phase is still flowing. The strength of this method lies in its simplicity: single layer system, in situ heating leading to a high level of integration, low power consumption (P < 0.4 W), low applied voltage (about 10 V), and finally this system is able to manipulate elements within a flow velocity up to 1 cm s(-1).
Tumorigenicity of human T-cell leukemia virus type I-infected cell lines in severe combined immunodeficient mice and characterization of the cells proliferating in vivo (1995)

The mechanism involved in leukemogenesis and neoplastic cell growth of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) still remains unclear. We examined the tumorigenicity of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-infected cell lines in an in vivo cell proliferation model using severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Eleven HTLV-I-infected cell lines were injected into SCID mice and we found that 4 of them were capable of proliferating in SCID mice. Three of four transplantable cell lines are derived from the leukemic cell clone and 6 of 6 HTLV-I-infected cell lines of nonleukemic cell origin could not engraft in SCID mice. Interestingly, it was shown that some HTLV-I-infected and interleukin-2 (IL-2)-dependent cell lines could successfully engraft in SCID mice. The expression of IL-2 mRNA was not detected in these cell lines growing either in vivo or in vitro. HTLV-I viral products were not detected in 3 of 4 transplantable cell lines proliferating in vivo. Peripheral blood T cells immortalized by introduction of tax gene of HTLV-I were found to have no tumorigenic potential in SCID mice. These data suggest that (1) HTLV-I-infected cell lines of nonleukemic cell origin do not have enough leukemogenic changes to acquire the tumorigenic potential in SCID mice; (2) the IL-2 autocrine mechanism is not directly involved in the tumor cell growth; (3) viral gene expression is not needed for the maintenance of neoplastic cell growth; and (4) the expression of tax gene is not sufficient for the neoplastic cell growth in vivo.
Co-Occurrence Models in Music Genre Classification (2006)

Music genre classification has been investigated using many different methods, but most of them build on probabilistic models of feature vectors x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> which only represent the short time segment with index r of the song. Here, three different co-occurrence models are proposed which instead consider the whole song as an integrated part of the probabilistic model. This was achieved by considering a song as a set of independent co-occurrences (s, x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r </sub> ) (s is the song index) instead of just a set of independent (x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> )'s. The models were tested against two baseline classification methods on a difficult 11 genre data set with a variety of modern music. The basis was a so-called AR feature representation of the music. Besides the benefit of having proper probabilistic models of the whole song, the lowest classification test errors were found using one of the proposed models
A movable user interface based on a simple x-window like protocol (2005)

All contemporary operating systems support a logical device name that is a synonym for the activating terminal (eg /dev/tty on UNIX, and T1. on RSX-11M+1. The startup procedures also ensure that one or more files are open to this device when any process begins execution. This mechanism has one significant limitation -- user interaction is bound to one physical terminal, and the user may not move to another without disrupting the process. This paper describes the implementation of a movable user interface (MUI) on the RSX LIM+ operating system. MUI is an environment in which a process user has unlimited flexibility of location. The terminal I/O of a process may be relocated by the user to different terminals with complete continuity. Neither the programs nor the operating system have to be modified to use MUl.
Robust Multi-Modality Multi-Object Tracking (2019)

Multi-sensor perception is crucial to ensure the reliability and accuracy in autonomous driving system, while multi-object tracking (MOT) improves that by tracing sequential movement of dynamic objects. Most current approaches for multi-sensor multi-object tracking are either lack of reliability by tightly relying on a single input source (e.g., center camera), or not accurate enough by fusing the results from multiple sensors in post processing without fully exploiting the inherent information. In this study, we design a generic sensor-agnostic multi-modality MOT framework (mmMOT), where each modality (i.e., sensors) is capable of performing its role independently to preserve reliability, and further improving its accuracy through a novel multi-modality fusion module. Our mmMOT can be trained in an end-to-end manner, enables joint optimization for the base feature extractor of each modality and an adjacency estimator for cross modality. Our mmMOT also makes the first attempt to encode deep representation of point cloud in data association process in MOT. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed framework on the challenging KITTI benchmark and report state-of-the-art performance. Code and models are available at https://github.com/ZwwWayne/mmMOT.
Neural network error correcting decoders for block and convolutional codes (2002)

The use of neural networks as error correcting decoders is described. It is shown that the neural networks may offer advantages in electronic countermeasure (ECM) environments in which the convolutional design assumptions of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and a binary symmetric channel (BSC) are violated. Some results of preliminary studies and benefits of the neural-based decoder approach are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Early osseointegration to hydrophilic and hydrophobic implant surfaces in humans (2011)

While healing showed similar characteristics with bone resorptive and appositional events for both SLActive and SLA surfaces between 7 and 42 days, the degree of osseointegration after 2 and 4 weeks was superior for the SLActive compared with the SLA surface.
Structure of Cholesterol in Lipid Rafts (2014)

Rafts, or functional domains, are transient nano-or mesoscopic structures in the plasma membrane and are thought to be essential for many cellular processes such as signal transduction, adhesion, trafficking, and lipid or protein sorting. Observations of these membrane heterogeneities have proven challenging, as they are thought to be both small and short lived. With a combination of coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations and neutron diffraction using deuterium labeled cholesterol molecules, we observe raftlike structures and determine the ordering of the cholesterol molecules in binary cholesterol-containing lipid membranes. From coarse-grained computer simulations, heterogenous membranes structures were observed and characterized as small, ordered domains. Neutron diffraction was used to study the lateral structure of the cholesterol molecules. We find pairs of strongly bound cholesterol molecules in the liquid-disordered phase, in accordance with the umbrella model. Bragg peaks corresponding to ordering of the cholesterol molecules in the raftlike structures were observed and indexed by two different structures: a monoclinic structure of ordered cholesterol pairs of alternating direction in equilibrium with cholesterol plaques, i.e., triclinic cholesterol bilayers.
A Maximum-Eye-Tracking CDR with Biased Data-Level and Eye Slope Detector for Optimal Timing Adaptation (2019)

In this paper, a maximum-eye-tracking CDR (MET-CDR) for minimum bit error rate (BER) is presented. The proposed CDR does not require a BER counter or eye-opening monitor to find the optimal sampling phase. The biased data-level obtained from the weighted sum of UP and DN is proposed to extract the actual eye height information considering the precursor ISI. Two error samples with small time spacing detect the current eye height and the slope of the eye height so that the CDR tracks the maximum eye height where the slope becomes zero. Measured results prove that the maximum eye height phase and the minimum BER phase matches well. A prototype receiver fabricated in 28-nm CMOS process operates at 26Gb/s with an eye-opening of 25% UI and consumes 87mW while equalizing 21dB of loss at 13GHz.
Optical pumping of IV-VI semiconductor multiple quantum well materials using a GaSb-based laser with emission at λ=2.5μm (2005)

Room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) measurements of IV-VI semiconductor multiple quantum well (MQW) structures using diode laser optical pumping at two different excitation wavelengths, 2.5 and 0.91μm, are described. Active region temperatures during continuous-wave optical pumping were determined from blueshifts in PL emission energies. Temperatures were between 22.7 and 29.5°C lower for 2.5-μm pumping as compared to 0.91-μm pumping at the same power level of 100mW. Heating effects are also shown to be smaller for MQW samples with more narrow PbSe wells.
Global jumping and domain-specific intersegment transfer between DNA cognate sites of the multidomain transcription factor Oct-1 (2008)

At high DNA concentration, as found in the nucleus, DNA-binding proteins search for specific binding sites by hopping between separate DNA strands. Here, we use (15)N(z)-exchange transverse relaxation optimized NMR spectroscopy to characterize the mechanistic details of intermolecular hopping for the multidomain transcription factor, human Oct-1. Oct-1 is a member of the POU family of transcription factors and contains two helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domains, POU(HD) and POU(S), connected by a relatively short flexible linker. The two domains were found to exchange between specific sites at significantly different rates. The cotranscription factor, Sox2, decreases the exchange rate and equilibrium dissociation constant for Oct-1 > or = 5-fold and approximately 20-fold, respectively, by slowing the exchange rate for the POU(S) domain. DNA-dependent exchange rates measured at physiological ionic strength indicate that the two domains use both an intersegmental transfer mechanism, which does not involve the intermediary of free protein, and a fully dissociative or jumping mechanism to translocate between cognate sites. These data represent an example of dissecting domain-specific kinetics for protein-DNA association involving a multidomain protein and provide evidence that intersegmental transfer involves a ternary intermediate, or transition state in which the DNA-binding domains bridge two different DNA fragments simultaneously.
A FRET-based indicator for imaging mitochondrial zinc ions (2011)

A strategy based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to transform a red-emitting fluorophore into a ratiometric indicator for mitochondrial Zn(II) is demonstrated.
Energetic Oxygen in the Upper Atmosphere and the Laboratory (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnergetic Oxygen in the Upper Atmosphere and the LaboratoryTom G. Slanger and Richard A. CopelandView Author Information Molecular Physics Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, California 94025 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 12, 4731–4766Publication Date (Web):November 8, 2003Publication History Received1 April 2003Published online8 November 2003Published inissue 1 December 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr0205311https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0205311research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1300Altmetric-Citations207LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Energy,Lasers,Oxygen,Quantum mechanics,Recombination Get e-Alerts
Activation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 Sustains Angiogenesis and Bcl-2 Expression Via the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway in Endothelial Cells (2003)

Vascular insufficiency and retinal ischemia precede many proliferative retinopathies and stimulate secretion of various vasoactive growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placenta growth factor (PlGF). It is unclear, however, how PlGF, which is elevated in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and is a VEGF homolog that binds only to VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-1, promotes pathological angiogenesis. When primary microvascular endothelial cells were grown on collagen gels, PlGF-containing ligands upregulated Bcl-2 expression and stimulated the formation of capillary-like tube networks that were retained for up to 14 days in culture. The inhibition of VEGFR-1 results in a dramatic decrease in the number of capillary connections, indicating that VEGFR-1 ligands promote branching angiogenesis. In contrast, VEGF-induced tube formations and Bcl-2 expression were significantly decreased at the end of this period. Flow cytometry analysis of annexin-V/propidium iodide-stained cells revealed that PlGF and PlGF/VEGF heterodimer inhibited apoptosis in serum-deprived endothelial cells. These two growth factors stimulated a survival signaling pathway phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), as identified by increased Akt phosphorylation and because blocking PI3K signalling by adenovirus-mediated overexpression of wild-type phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10 (PTEN) disrupted angiogenesis and decreased Bcl-2 expression by PlGF and PlGF/VEGF heterodimer, whereas a dominant-negative PTEN mutant enhanced endothelial sprout formation and Bcl-2 expression. Together, these findings indicate that PlGF-containing ligands contribute to pathological angiogenesis by prolonging cell survival signals and maintaining vascular networks.
Roles of Replication Fork-interacting and Chk1-activating Domains from Claspin in a DNA Replication Checkpoint Response (2005)

Claspin is essential for the ATR-dependent activation of Chk1 in Xenopus egg extracts containing incompletely replicated DNA. Claspin associates with replication forks upon origin unwinding. We show that Claspin contains a replication fork-interacting domain (RFID, residues 265-605) that associates with Cdc45, DNA polymerase epsilon, replication protein A, and two replication factor C complexes on chromatin. The RFID contains two basic patches (BP1 and BP2) at amino acids 265-331 and 470-600, respectively. Deletion of either BP1 or BP2 compromises optimal binding of Claspin to chromatin. Absence of BP1 has no effect on the ability of Claspin to mediate activation of Chk1. By contrast, removal of BP2 causes a large reduction in the Chk1-activating potency of Claspin. We also find that Claspin contains a small Chk1-activating domain (residues 776-905) that does not bind stably to chromatin, but it is fully effective at high concentrations for mediating activation of Chk1. These results indicate that stable retention of Claspin on chromatin is not necessary for activation of Chk1. Instead, our findings suggest that only transient interaction of Claspin with replication forks potentiates its Chk1-activating function. Another implication of this work is that stable binding of Claspin to chromatin may play a role in other functions besides the activation of Chk1.
Engineering Sugar Utilization and Microbial Tolerance toward Lignocellulose Conversion (2015)

Production of fuels and chemicals through a fermentation-based manufacturing process that uses renewable feedstock such as lignocellulosic biomass is a desirable alternative to petrochemicals. Although it is still in its infancy, synthetic biology offers great potential to overcome the challenges associated with lignocellulose conversion. In this review, we will summarize the identification and optimization of synthetic biological parts used to enhance the utilization of lignocellulose-derived sugars and to increase the biocatalyst tolerance for lignocellulose-derived fermentation inhibitors. We will also discuss the ongoing efforts and future applications of synthetic integrated biological systems used to improve lignocellulose conversion.
Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Inhibits Bone Resorption in Humans (2014)

We conclude that GIP reduces bone resorption in humans, interacting with a possible effect of hyperglycemia.
Acquired Deficiency of von Willebrand Factor-Cleaving Protease in a Patient With Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (1998)

Plasma of patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) has been shown to contain unusually large von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers that may cause platelet agglutination in vivo. Fresh frozen plasma infusions and plasma exchange represent the most efficient therapy of acute TTP. A specific protease responsible for cleavage of vWF multimers has been recently isolated from normal human plasma and was found to be deficient in four patients with chronic relapsing TTP. We examined the activity of the vWF-cleaving protease in plasma samples collected over a period of 400 days from a further patient with recurrent episodes of TTP who was treated by plasma exchange, plasma infusion, vincristine, corticosteroid therapy, and splenectomy. Complete deficiency of the vWF-cleaving protease was established during the first episode of TTP. The ensuing normalization of the platelet count was associated with the appearance of the protease activity. Three months after remission from the initial TTP event, the vWF-cleaving protease again disappeared and the platelet count gradually decreased. Relapses of severe thrombocytopenia occurred 7 and 11 months after the first acute episode of TTP. Deficient protease activity was associated with the presence in the patient plasma of an inhibitor that was found to be an IgG. Plasma exchange/infusion was followed by a temporary increase in the antibody titer, whereas treatment with vincristine led to a recovery of the platelet count without affecting the inhibitor concentration. Splenectomy and corticosteroid treatment resulted in disappearance of the autoantibody and normalization of the protease activity and of the platelet count. Our data suggest that the thrombocytopenia in this patient with TTP was associated with a lack of the vWF-cleaving protease activity depleted by an autoimmune mechanism. This case, together with our previously reported patients, leads us to conclude that acquired as well as constitutional deficiency of the vWF-cleaving protease may predispose to TTP.
Adding or Switching Antipsychotic Medications in Treatment-Refractory Schizophrenia (2007)

Objective-This study compared patients with schizophrenia whose antipsychotic medications were switched to manage treatment-resistant positive psychotic symptoms with those for whom another antipsychotic was added.Psychiatrists' characteristics and perceptions of effectiveness of the medication change on clinical outcomes were also reported.Methods-Psychiatrists participating in a nationally representative mailed survey (N=209) reported on the clinical features, management, and response to the change in antipsychotic medication (added versus switched) of one adult patient with treatment-refractory schizophrenia under their care for at least one year.Results-Thirty-three percent of patients were treated with an added antipsychotic medication.Compared with patients whose antipsychotic medications were switched, those with an added antipsychotic medication were more likely to be female, to have received care from the same psychiatrist for more than two years, and to have been recently prescribed an antidepressant.Compared with psychiatrists who switched antipsychotic prescriptions, those who added an antipsychotic reported that the change was less likely to reduce positive symptoms, improve functioning, and prevent hospitalization.Psychiatrists who added rather than switched antipsychotics reported more frequent attendance at educational programs sponsored by a pharmaceutical company. Conclusions-Consistent with other lines of research and practice guideline recommendations, psychiatrists perceive antipsychotic polypharmacy to be a generally ineffective strategy for DisclosuresThe other authors report no competing interests.