gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inverse Association of H2O2-Producing Lactobacilli and Vaginal Escherichia coli Colonization in Women with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (1998)

Women with recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) often demonstrate persistent vaginal colonization with Escherichia coli. Since strains of lactobacilli that produce hydrogen peroxide inhibit the growth of E. coli, the absence of these strains may predispose to E. coli colonization and to UTI. To test this hypothesis, vaginal introital cultures were obtained from 140 women, 65 with recurrent UTI (case-patients) and 75 without (controls). Vaginal E. coli colonization was significantly more frequent in case-patients than controls (35% vs. 11%; P < .001) and in women without H2O2-positive lactobacilli than in women with (odds ratio [OR], 4.0; P = .01). Spermicide use was associated with greater risk of vaginal E. coli colonization (OR, 12.5; P < .001) and with absence of H2O2-positive lactobacilli (OR, 2.9; P = .04). The inverse association between H2O2-positive lactobacilli and vaginal E. coli colonization remained in case-patients after controlling for spermicide use (OR, 6.5; P = .02). Thus, absence of H2O2-positive lactobacilli may be important in the pathogenesis of recurrent UTI by facilitating E. coli introital colonization.
Relations between the Neural Bases of Dynamic Auditory Processing and Phonological Processing: Evidence from fMRI (2001)

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine how the brain responds to temporal compression of speech and to determine whether the same regions are also involved in phonological processes associated with reading. Recorded speech was temporally compressed to varying degrees and presented in a sentence verification task. Regions involved in phonological processing were identified in a separate scan using a rhyming judgment task with pseudowords compared to a lettercase judgment task. The left inferior frontal and left superior temporal regions (Broca's and Wernicke's areas), along with the right inferior frontal cortex, demonstrated a convex response to speech compression; their activity increased as compression increased, but then decreased when speech became incomprehensible. Other regions exhibited linear increases in activity as compression increased, including the middle frontal gyri bilaterally. The auditory cortices exhibited compression-related decreases bilaterally, primarily reflecting a decrease in activity when speech became incomprehensible. Rhyme judgments engaged two left inferior frontal gyrus regions (pars triangularis and pars opercularis), of which only the pars triangularis region exhibited significant compression-related activity. These results directly demonstrate that a subset of the left inferior frontal regions involved in phonological processing is also sensitive to transient acoustic features within the range of comprehensible speech.
In-Situ Stress Determination At Great Depth By Means Of Hydraulic Fracturing (1969)

One of the main functions of rock mechanics research has been to find ways of determining in situ stresses. Most methods usually employ some instrumentation for the purpose of measuring hole deformation. The method of hydraulic fracturing has been suggested, because it has been shown that the recorded pressures can be theoretically related to magnitudes of the principal in situ stresses; the orientation of the fracture can often be used to determine the direction of the principal stresses. The advantage of hydraulic fracturing over the present in situ stress determination methods is simplicity: no sophisticated instrumentation is required inside the borehole; hence, the stresses can be measured at any depth. If the formation is impermeable to the fracturing fluid, no elastic constants of the rock are required in calculating the stresses, a factor that not only simplifies the problem, but renders the results more reliable. The theoretical considerations are discussed. A laboratory experimental program was undertaken to verify some of the assumptions and results stated in the theoretical section. The equipment is described. (19 refs.)
Aminophosphonic and Aminoboronic Acids as Key Elements of a Transition State Analogue Inhibitor of Enzymes (1997)

Amino acid analogues are of considerable interest as inhibitors of enzymes involved in amino acid and peptide metabolism. In particular, α-aminoalkylphosphonic acids and α-aminoalkylboronic acids, in which the carboxyl group of amino acids is replaced by a phosphonic acid or boronic acid function, respectively, constitute a unique class of amino acid mimics from which a number of potent enzyme inhibitors have been prepared. The inhibitory activity mainly stems from the fact that the tetrahedral phosphonic moiety or the tetrahedral adduct of electrophilic boronic acid is a good mimic of the putative tetrahedral transition state or intermediate encountered in the enzymatic hydrolysis or formation of peptides. Since the peptide hydrolysis and formation invariably involves the tetrahedral high energy species in the course of the reaction, these amino acid mimics serve as a general key element for inhibitors of a broad spectrum of proteases and peptide ligases. The transition state analogy of aminophosphonic- and aminoboronic acid-derived inhibitors also gives a clue to the detailed reaction mechanisms of the enzymes by X-ray crystallographic and NMR analysis of the enzyme-inhibitor complex.
Virtual currency and reputation-based cooperation incentives in user-centric networks (2012)

Cooperation incentives are essential in user-centric networks to motivate users to share services and resources (including bandwidth, computational power, and storage space) and to avoid selfish nodes to hinder the functioning of the entire system. Virtual currency and reputation mechanisms are commonly adopted in online communities to boost participation, but their joint application has not been deeply explored, especially in the context of wireless communities, where not only the services, but even the enabling infrastructure is opportunistically built by community members. This paper investigates the combined use of virtual currency and reputation-based incentives in the specific context of a community of users with Wi-Fi enabled devices capable of establishing ad-hoc connections.
Design of high speed data acquisition system based on FPGA and DSP (2010)

A high speed data acquisition system based on FPGA and DSP is introduced in the paper. In this system, we use EP2C5Q208 FPGA of Cyclone II which belongs to Altera. Data is captured by AD and be send to FPGA for advance data processing. And then data will be Processed in DSP. In the end, they will reach the PC for record and display by PCI. The simping speed of the system can reach 150MSPS, it is suitable for applications in most of the high speed data acquisition Situation.
How Visual Motion Cues Can Influence Sickness For In-Car VR (2017)

This video demonstrates our research into the use of VR Head Mounted Displays (HMDs) in-car and in-motion. Immersive HMDs offer new possibilities for entertainment and productivity during travel. However, their use is confounded by motion sickness, caused in-part by the conflict between visually and physically perceived motion. We examine how visual conveyance of motion affects motion sickness during in-car VR.
Hollow cathode plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition of crystalline AlN, GaN and Al<sub>x</sub>Ga<sub>1−x</sub>N thin films at low temperatures (2014)

The authors report on the use of hollow cathode plasma for low-temperature plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition (PA-ALD) of crystalline AlN, GaN and Al<sub>x</sub>Ga<sub>1−x</sub>N thin films with low impurity concentrations.
Two-dimensional photonic crystals constructed with a portion of photonic quasicrystals (2007)

Photonic quasicrystals (PQs) can produce interesting photonic properties but the lack of periodicity in structures makes exact prediction on their photonic band structures (PBSs) a fundamental challenge currently. Here, we propose a kind of complex two-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) structures constructed with a small portion of different PQs for the purposes of overcoming the difficulty of numerical calculations on the PBSs but maintaining photonic properties of the original PQs owned. Theoretically calculated results on PBSs of the complex PC with a local feature consistent with 12-fold rotational symmetry show that, in the cases of dielectric cylinders in air, air-holes in a dielectric, and metal cylinders in air, respectively, the complex PC can indeed produce similar photonic properties of the original 12-fold PQ such as uniform or isotropic PBGs under much lower dielectric contrast etc. The complex PCs can be constructed with the local parts of n-fold symmetric PQs and should provide a way for creating novel photonic functional materials.
Long-term follow-up of the thyroid gland after treatment with <sup>131</sup>I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine in children with neuroblastoma: Importance of continuous surveillance (2013)

Despite protection with KI during exposure to (131) I-MIBG in childhood, the occurrence of thyroid disorders is high and increases in time. Continuous screening for thyroid dysfunction and nodules in these survivors is recommended. Other ways to protect the thyroid gland should be further evaluated.
Quasinormal modes of charged, dilaton black holes (2001)

In this paper we study the perturbations of the charged, dilaton black hole, described by the solution of the low energy limit of the superstring action found by Garfinkle, Horowitz and Strominger. We compute the complex frequencies of the quasi-normal modes of this black hole, and compare the results with those obtained for a Reissner-Nordstr\"om and a Schwarzschild black hole. The most remarkable feature which emerges from this study is that the presence of the dilaton breaks the isospectrality of axial and polar perturbations, which characterizes both Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes.
High-frequency photodiode characterization using a filtered intensity noise technique (1994)

Optical filtering of amplified spontaneous emission improves measurement dynamic range for frequency response measurements of optoelectronic receivers. For high bandwidth receivers, a novel periodically filtered intensity noise technique is proposed. Response measurements using these techniques on a 1 GHz and 30 GHz receiver are demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
PROLIFERATION INHIBITION AND APOPTOSIS INDUCTION ON HUMAN HEPATO-CARCINOMA HepG-2 CELLS BY UNDARIA PINNATIFIDA POLYSACCARIDES (2007)

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of Undaria pinnatifida polysaccharides (UPPS) on hepatocellular carcinoma HepG-2 cells and its possible mechanism. Method: The effect of inhibiting proliferation and inducting apoptosis of UPPS were determined by means of MTT and FCM. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins was immunohis to chemcally evaluated after treatment of UPPS. Results: UPPS inhibited HepG-2 cells growth in vitro , significantly higher than the negative control group (P 0.01), and induced apoptosis after UPPS treatment 24～48h, with decreased expression of Bcl-2 and increased expression of Bax. Conclusion: UPPS inhibits the proliferation of HepG-2 cells by apoptosis, perhaps associated with the change of expression of Bax and Bcl-2.
Homozygous protein C deficiency: identification of a novel missense mutation that causes impaired secretion of the mutant protein C. (1992)

We analyzed the promoter region and all the coding exons and exon-intron boundaries of the protein C gene in a Japanese patient with recurrent thromboembolism and complete protein C deficiency. By sequencing these fragments we identified a previously undescribed mutation. A guanine residue was replaced by an adenine residue converting Gly-292 (GGC) to Ser (AGC) in the last exon coding for the catalytic domain. Substitution of this key amino acid, invariably conserved in the serine protease superfamily to which protein C belongs, probably leads to destabilization of the tertiary structure. In a transient expression assay with COS 7 cells, the protein C level was extremely low in the culture medium of the cells transfected with the mutated protein C expression vector, as compared with the normal vector. In contrast, the cell extracts contained similar amounts of mutant and normal protein C, suggesting impaired secretion of the mutant protein C. Using mutagenic primers to introduce a new PvuII site into the mutant allele, we made a study of the family members in this patient's pedigree, revealing that the mutant allele had been inherited in the affected individuals in this pedigree.
Characterization and Description of Hyphomicrobium denitrificans sp. nov. (1995)

The Hyphomicrobium strains which we examined in this study are gram negative and facultatively methylotrophic and utilize methanol and monomethylamine, but not methane, by the serine pathway with activated formaldehyde incorporation. The cellular fatty acids include a large amount of straight-chain unsaturated C18:1 acid, and the hydroxy fatty acids include large amounts of 3-OH C14:0 and 3-OH C16:0 hydroxy acids. The major ubiquinone is ubiquinone Q-9. However, the DNA base compositions of these Hyphomicrobium strains are heterogeneous, ranging from 58 to 66 mol% guanine plus cytosine. Strains TK 0415T (T = type strain), TK 0414, TK 0416, and TK 0441 were distinguished from other Hyphomicrobium strains on the basis of physiological characteristics and DNA-DNA hybridization data. A new species, Hyphomicrobium denitrificans, is proposed for these organisms; the type strain of H. denitrificans is TK 0415 (= DSM 1869 = NCIB 11706 = Attwood and Harder strain X).
Average profile and limiting distribution for a phrase size in the Lempel-Ziv parsing algorithm (1995)

Consider the parsing algorithm developed by Lempel and Ziv (1978) that partitions a sequence of length n into variable phrases (blocks) such that a new block is the shortest substring not seen in the past as a phrase. In practice, the following parameters are of interest: number of phrases, the size of a phrase, the number of phrases of given size, and so forth. In this paper, we focus on the size of a randomly selected phrase, and the average number of phrases of a given size (the so-called average profile of phrase sizes). These parameters can be efficiently analyzed through a digital search tree representation. For a memoryless source with unequal probabilities of symbols generation (the so-called asymmetric Bernoulli model), we prove that the size of a typical phrase is asymptotically normally distributed with mean and variance explicitly computed. In terms of digital search trees, we prove the normal limiting distribution of the typical depth (i.e., the length of a path from the root to a randomly selected node). The latter finding is proved by a technique that belongs to the toolkit of the "analytical analysis of algorithms", and it seems to be novel in the context of data compression.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Femtodynamics: Optimizing Femtosecond Laser Settings and Procedure Techniques to Optimize Outcomes (2007)

International Ophthalmology Clinics: Winter 2008 - Volume 48 - Issue 1 - p 41-50 doi: 10.1097/IIO.0b013e31815eba62
Experimental Investigation on Environmental Aging Durability of CFRP in Different Regions (2010)

The experiment of natural aging durability of carbon fiber reinforced plastic(CFRP) from the same batch of specimens in the Northwest region(Xinjiang),North China(Beijing) and the Southeast region(Quanzhou) under different environmental conditions is carried out.The result shows that the effect of environment in the three regions on the CFRP is little,but the effect on two resins is obvious.The rank of environmental effect from large to small is: southeast,north,northwest China.The temperature in southeast China is the highest,then its effect on the CFRP is the greatest.
Predicting Protein Composition, Biochemical Properties, and Dough‐Handling Properties of Hard Red Winter Wheat Flour by Near‐Infrared Reflectance (1998)

ABSTRACT Breadmaking quality in wheat is one of several considerations that plant breeders face when developing new cultivars. In routine breeding programs, quality is assessed by small‐scale dough‐handling and bake tests, and to some extent, by biochemical analysis of gluten proteins. An alternative, not yet fully examined, method for wheat flour quality assessment is near‐infrared reflectance (NIR) spectrophotometry. The present study was performed on 30 genotypes of hard red winter wheat grown during two crop years at eight to nine locations in the Great Plains area of the United States. Biochemical testing consisted of measuring protein fractions from size‐exclusion HPLC ( M r > 100k, M r 25–100k, and M r < 25k designated as glutenin, gliadins, and albumin and globulins, respectively), pentosan content, and SDS sedimentation volume. Dough‐handling properties were measured on a mixograph and recorded as the time to peak dough development, the peak resistance, the width of the mixing curve, and the width of the curve at 2 min past peak. Partial least squares analyses on diffuse NIR spectra (1,100–2,498 nm) were developed for each constituent or property. When applied to a separate validation set, NIR models for glutenin content, gliadin content, SDS sedimentation volume, and mixograph peak resistance demonstrated reference vs. predicted correlations ranging from r = 0.87 to r = 0.94. Such models were considered sufficiently accurate for screening purposes in breeding programs. NIR spectra were responsive to each constituent or property at a level higher than expected from a correlation between the constituent or property and protein content (recognizing that protein content is modeled by NIR with high accuracy).
The development of the CIE 2000 colour‐difference formula: CIEDE2000 (2001)

Abstract A colour‐difference equation based on CIELAB is developed. It includes not only lightness, chroma, and hue weighting functions, but also an interactive term between chroma and hue differences for improving the performance for blue colours and a scaling factor for CIELAB a * scale for improving the performance for gray colours. Four reliable colour discrimination datasets based upon object colours were accumulated and combined. The equation was tested together with the other advanced CIELAB based equations using the combined dataset and each individual dataset. It outperformed CMC and CIE94 by a large margin, and predicted better than BFD and LCD. The equation has been officially adopted as the new CIE colour‐difference equation. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 26, 340–350, 2001
The big picture on small screens delivering acceptable video quality in mobile TV (2009)

Mobile TV viewers can change the viewing distance and (on some devices) scale the picture to their preferred viewing ratio, trading off size for angular resolution. We investigated optimal trade-offs between size and resolution through a series of studies. Participants selected their preferred size and rated the acceptability of the visual experience on a 200ppi device at a 4:3 aspect ratio. They preferred viewing ratios similar to living room TV setups regardless of the much lower resolution: at a minimum 14 pixels per degree. While traveling on trains people required videos with a height larger than 35mm.
Applicability of Process Viewing Patterns in Business Process Management (2010)

Process views are an emerging concept for coping with the increasing complexity of process models. We understand a process view as the result of specific transformations applied to a process model. In this paper we discuss concrete scenarios of process view transformations for providing assistance in business process management. We show how elementary patterns of view transformations can be combined to support the design, deployment, monitoring and analysis of business processes. The process views proposed in this paper are technology independent and can be applied to any process language which can be represented by a process graph, such as the Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) and Event-driven Process Chains (EPC).
Synthesis of 4-Substituted Methyl 3-(2,3-Epoxy)propoxythiophene-2-carboxylates (1996)

The synthesis of Csubstituted methyl 3-hydroxythiophene-2carboxylates is reported.The selective 0-alkylation by two methods of these compounds gives the correspondent epoxy derivatives.
Enzyme immunoassay for detection of Giardia lamblia cyst antigens in formalin-fixed and unfixed human stool (1988)

An antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay employing rabbit and mouse antisera to Giardia lamblia cyst antigens was developed for the diagnosis of Giardia infection through detection of G. lamblia-specific stool antigens in cell-free aqueous eluates of human stool. This is the first report of the use of anti-cyst antibodies in an enzyme immunoassay for G. lamblia. The assay gave a positive result with 54 of 59 stools from patients with symptomatic, clinically diagnosed giardiasis, giving the test a sensitivity of 91.5%. A negative reading was obtained with all of 25 stools from G. lamblia-negative control patients. The assay could detect as few as 20 sonicated cysts added to control stool eluate. The assay was more sensitive to cyst-derived antigens than to trophozoite-derived antigens. With two exceptions, the assay gave a negative result with stools from patients infected with Entamoeba histolytica (seven), Cryptosporidium sp. (four), or Blastocystis hominis (seven) and thus appears to be specific for G. lamblia antigens. Storage of stool eluates for more than 6 months at 4 degrees C as unpreserved aqueous eluates or as formalinized eluates did not affect the ability of the assay to detect the giardial antigens. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay proved useful for monitoring the levels of G. lamblia-specific stool antigens in the stool of patients undergoing antigiardial chemotherapy.
A structure-based model of RIG-I activation (2012)

A series of high-resolution crystal structures of RIG-I and RIG-I:dsRNA cocrystals has recently been reported. Comparison of these structures provides considerable insight into how this innate immune pattern recognition receptor is activated upon detecting and binding a certain class of viral RNAs.
Locally Trained Piecewise Linear Classifiers (1980)

We describe a versatile technique for designing computer algorithms for separating multiple-dimensional data (feature vectors) into two classes. We refer to these algorithms as classifiers. Our classifiers achieve nearly Bayes-minimum error rates while requiring relatively small amounts of memory. Our design procedure finds a set of close-opposed pairs of clusters of data. From these pairs the procedure generates a piecewise-linear approximation of the Bayes-optimum decision surface. A window training procedure on each linear segment of the approximation provides great flexibility of design over a wide range of class densities. The data consumed in the training of each segment are restricted to just those data lying near that segment, which makes possible the construction of efficient data bases for the training process. Interactive simplification of the classifier is facilitated by an adjacency matrix and an incidence matrix. The adjacency matrix describes the interrelationships of the linear segments {£i}. The incidence matrix describes the interrelationships among the polyhedrons formed by the hyperplanes containing {£i}. We exploit switching theory to minimize the decision logic.