gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clostridium perfringens α-Toxin and NetB Toxin Antibodies and Their Possible Role in Protection Against Necrotic Enteritis and Gangrenous Dermatitis in Broiler Chickens (2012)

Necrotic enteritis (NE) and gangrenous dermatitis (GD) are important infectious diseases of poultry. Although NE and GD share a common pathogen, Clostridium perfringens, they differ in other important aspects such as clinical signs, pathologic symptoms, and age of onset. The primary virulence factors of C perfringens are its four major toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon, iota) and the newly described NE B-like (NetB) toxin. While neutralizing antibodies against some C perfingens toxins are associated with protection against infection in mammals, the serologic responses of NE- and GD-afflicted birds to these toxins have not been evaluated. Therefore, we measured serum antibody levels to C perfringens alpha-toxin and NetB toxin in commercial birds from field outbreaks of NE and GD using recombinant toxin-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Initially, we used this ELISA system to detect antibody titers against C perfringens alpha-toxin and NetB toxin that were increased in birds experimentally coinfected with Eimeria maxima and C perfringens compared with uninfected controls. Next, we applied this ELISA to field serum samples from flock-mated birds with or without clinical signs of NE or GD. The results showed that the levels of antibodies against both toxins were significantly higher in apparently healthy chickens compared to birds with clinical signs of NE or GD, suggesting that these antitoxin antibodies may play a role in protection against NE and GD.
ThermoSense (2013)

In order to achieve sustainability, steps must be taken to reduce energy consumption. In particular, heating, cooling, and ventilation systems, which account for 42% of the energy consumed by US buildings in 2010 [8], must be made more efficient. In this paper, we demonstrate ThermoSense, a new system for estimating occupancy. Using this system we are able to condition rooms based on usage. Rather than fully conditioning empty or partially filled spaces, we can control ventilation based on near real-time estimates of occupancy and temperature using conditioning schedules learned from occupant usage patterns. ThermoSense uses a novel multisensor node that utilizes a low-cost, low-power thermal sensor array along with a passive infrared sensor. By using a novel processing pipeline and sensor fusion, we show that our system is able measure occupancy with a RMSE of only ≈0.35 persons. By conditioning spaces based on occupancy, we show that we can save 25% energy annually while maintaining room temperature effectiveness.
Absence of IL-1 Receptor Antagonist Impaired Wound Healing along with Aberrant NF-κB Activation and a Reciprocal Suppression of TGF-β Signal Pathway (2006)

Although enhanced expression of IL-1 family proteins, including IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) during wound healing has been observed, the pathophysiological roles of these factors, particularly IL-1ra, still remain elusive. We explored skin wound-healing processes in IL-1ra-deficient mice. Compared to wild-type (WT) mice, IL-1ra-deficient mice exhibited impaired wound healing, as evidenced by attenuated collagen deposition and delayed neovascularization. In contrast, neutrophil recruitment was significantly exaggerated, with the augmented expression of IL-1s, TNF-alpha, and CXC chemokines, MIP-2 and KC, in IL-1ra-deficient mice compared with WT mice. Because the transcription of these proinflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines requires the activation of NF-kappaB, a major target of IL-1- and TNF-alpha-mediated signal pathway, we examined the activation states of NF-kappaB. Nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB p65 was significantly enhanced and prolonged in IL-1ra-deficient mice, compared to that in WT mice. The cross-talk between NF-kappaB and TGF-beta-mediated signals has been proposed based on in vitro observations. Indeed, compared to WT mice, the amounts of total and phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad3 were decreased with a reciprocal increase in the amount of Smad7 in skin wound sites of IL-1ra-deficient mice. Moreover, the gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, a target gene of TGF-beta1, was decreased in IL-1ra-deficient mice. Thus, the absence of IL-1ra may suppress TGF-beta-mediated signaling pathway, which is crucial for collagen deposition and vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated neovascularization in wound healing.
Melatonin známe 50 let. Co o něm víme a jak jej můžeme použít (2008)

Melatonin je hormon tvořený v epifýze během tmave (nocni) periody. Jeho hlavnim ukolem je přenos informace o rytmu světla a tmy do celeho organizmu. Nocni sekrece melatoninu je velmi robustni signal. Měřenim hladiny melatoninu lze hodnotit, v jake fazi 24hodinoveho rytmu se vysetřovaný naleza, a zda nema poruchu cirkadianniho řizeni. Aplikaci exogenniho melatoninu lze spanek navodit, resp. jeho zacatek uspisit. Je tak možne lecit některe poruchy cirkadianniho rytmu a insomnii. Dalsi potencialni využiti melatoninu je uvedeno v textu.
Polymeric flow through fibrous media (1992)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Lambros Skartsis, Bamin Khomami, John L. Kardos; Polymeric flow through fibrous media. J. Rheol. 1 May 1992; 36 (4): 589–620. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.550365 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Influence of Epicardial Patches on Defibrillation Threshold With Nonthoracotomy Lead Configurations (1995)

Inactive epicardial patches can significantly increase the defibrillation energy requirements for nonthoracotomy lead configurations. This negative impact may be due to an insulating effect of the patches and to a disturbance of the potential gradient field under the patches. If the same holds true in patients, these results have clinical implications. Functioning epicardial patch leads should be incorporated in the defibrillation lead system if already present. If the LV patch is nonfunctioning, such as because of a lead fracture, the marked increase in DFT due to an inactive LV patch calls for thorough DFT testing during surgery and, in selected patients, may necessitate patch removal to produce an effective transvenous-based system.
Compression of next-generation sequencing reads aided by highly efficient de novo assembly (2012)

We present Quip, a lossless compression algorithm for next-generation sequencing data in the FASTQ and SAM/BAM formats. In addition to implementing reference-based compression, we have developed, to our knowledge, the first assembly-based compressor, using a novel de novo assembly algorithm. A probabilistic data structure is used to dramatically reduce the memory required by traditional de Bruijn graph assemblers, allowing millions of reads to be assembled very efficiently. Read sequences are then stored as positions within the assembled contigs. This is combined with statistical compression of read identifiers, quality scores, alignment information, and sequences, effectively collapsing very large datasets to less than 15% of their original size with no loss of information. Availability: Quip is freely available under the BSD license from http://cs.washington.edu/homes/dcjones/quip.
Temperature gradient sensor based on a long-fiber Bragg grating and time-frequency analysis (2014)

A photonic sensor based on a 10-cm-long fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is presented and experimentally validated that is dedicated to detect the presence and the position of a temperature gradient. The system is based on the measurement of the central frequency distribution of the grating based on time-frequency domain analysis. A short optical pulse, having duration much shorter than the transit time along the grating, is coupled into the FBG, and the back-reflected pulse is scanned by means of an oscilloscope. A spatial resolution of 1 mm, given by half the input pulse duration, is achieved. The proposed sensor is based on a simple configuration and presents a sensing range of 10 cm, which could be further enhanced by fabricating a longer grating.
Investigations on novel coaxial transmission line structures on MCM-L (2002)

This paper presents recent investigations on a novel transmission line structure with improved RF-performance and increased shielding capability based on MCM-L interconnect technology. Three key issues are addressed: Maximization of usable interconnect bandwidth, reproducibility of the characteristic electrical properties in large-volume production, and minimization of inter-signal and electromagnetic interference. Thanks to recent improvements of MCM-L technology this new structure is processable in a cost-effective roll-to-roll production cycle. The electrical properties of the new structure are deduced from the well-known coaxial and triplate transmission line models. Furthermore, FEM-simulation results provide an estimation of the limitations of the proposed structure, which are caused by conductor and dielectric losses. The design of a test-vehicle intended for verification of the simulation results is presented. And finally, measurement results obtained from TDR/TDT and VNA measurement setups are reported and compared to the theoretical estimations.
Observations on Typing from 136 Million Keystrokes (2018)

We report on typing behaviour and performance of 168,000 volunteers in an online study. The large dataset allows detailed statistical analyses of keystroking patterns, linking them to typing performance. Besides reporting distributions and confirming some earlier findings, we report two new findings. First, letter pairs that are typed by different hands or fingers are more predictive of typing speed than, for example, letter repetitions. Second, rollover-typing, wherein the next key is pressed before the previous one is released, is sur- prisingly prevalent. Notwithstanding considerable variation in typing patterns, unsupervised clustering using normalised inter-key intervals reveals that most users can be divided into eight groups of typists that differ in performance, accuracy, hand and finger usage, and rollover. The code and dataset are released for scientific use.
Differential effect and interaction of monocytes, hyperimmune sera, and immunoglobulin G on the growth of asexual stage Plasmodium falciparum parasites. (1999)

Using a flow cytometry-based parasite growth inhibition assay (GIA) and an antibody-dependent cellular inhibition (ADCI) assay, we have assessed the differential effect and interaction of monocytes, immune sera, and purified immunoglobulins from Kenyan adults on the growth of Plasmodium falciparum parasites in vitro. We found that monocytes from 14 different normal, healthy, non-malaria-exposed donors had varying effects on parasite growth, i.e., inhibition or enhancement of parasitemia, suggesting heterogeneity in anti-parasitic activities of monocytes from individual donors. Twenty-two serum samples collected from clinically immune adults from western Kenya inhibited growth of P. falciparum after 48 hr in culture. In contrast, all IgG preparations, except one, purified from the same serum samples enhanced parasite growth. In ADCI experiments, of the 22 purified IgG samples used, 11 showed ADCI activities with specific growth inhibition (SGI) of more than 10%, with the highest at 27.6%, and the remaining 11 IgG samples had an SGI of less than 10%. Our results also showed that the ratio of IgG1 to IgG3 antibodies, as determined by an indirect immunofluorescence assay, was higher in the high ADCI response group than in the low response group, suggesting that a higher concentration of IgG1 antibodies with a higher IgG1/IgG3 ratio might be associated with ADCI activities. The present study has resulted in the development of simple, reproducible flow cytometry-based GIA and ADCI assays, and also provides baseline information for further investigation of the role of ADCI activity in naturally acquired immune protection against malaria.
Epicatechin oligomers longer than trimers have anti-cancer activities, but not the catechin counterparts (2017)

Since procyanidins (oligomeric catechin or epicatechin) were reported to exhibit health benefits, much attention has been paid to the synthesis of these compounds, especially those that are longer than trimers. In the present study, syntheses of cinnamtannin A3 (epicatechin pentamer), A4 (epicatechin hexamer), catechin tetramer, pentamer, arecatannin A2 (epicatechin-epicatechin-epicatechin-catechin) and A3 (epicatechin-epicatechin-epicatechin-epicatechin-catechin) were achieved. The key reaction was a Lewis acid mediated equimolar condensation. The antitumor effects of these synthesized compounds against a human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) were investigated. Among the tested compounds, cinnamtannin A3, A4 and arecatannin A3, which possess epicatechin oligomers longer than tetramers as the basic scaffold, showed significant activities for suppression of cell growth, invasion and FABP5 (fatty acid-binding protein 5) gene expression. Effects on cell cycle distribution showed that cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase was induced. Furthermore, these epicatechin oligomers suppressed significantly the expression of the cancer-promoting gene, FABP5, which is related to cell proliferation and metastasis in various cancer cells. Interestingly, the suppressive activities were associated with the degree of oligomerization of epicatechin. Thus, synthetic studies clearly demonstrate that epicatechin oligomers longer than trimers have significant anti-tumorigenic activities, but not the catechin counterparts.
Hexamethyldisilathiane: Its Use in the Conversion of Aromatic and Heteroaromatic Azides to Amines (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHexamethyldisilathiane: Its Use in the Conversion of Aromatic and Heteroaromatic Azides to AminesAntonella Capperucci, Alessandro Degl'Innocenti, Maria Funicello, Giacomo Mauriello, Patrizia Scafato, and Piero SpagnoloCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 7, 2254–2256Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00112a054https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00112a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2028Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Endogenous nitric oxide as a probable modulator of pulmonary circulation and hypoxic pressor response in vivo (1990)

The objective of this study was to investigate the role of endogenous nitric oxide, formed from L-arginine, in the regulation of pulmonary circulation in vivo, with special reference to the hypoxic pressor response. In artificially ventilated open-chest rabbits, pulmonary vascular resistance at normoxic ventilation (FIO2 = 21%) was 78 +/- 16 cmH2O ml-1 min 1000-1 (mRUL). Hypoxic ventilation (FIO2 = 10%) increased pulmonary vascular resistance to 117 +/- 17 mRUL. N omega-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, increased pulmonary vascular resistance at normoxic ventilation to 192 +/- 28 mRUL and during hypoxic ventilation to 462 +/- 80 mRUL. During N omega-nitro-L-arginine methylester infusion there was also an increase in mean arterial blood pressure as well as a decrease in cardiac output that was even more pronounced during hypoxic ventilation. L-arginine reversed the effect of N omega-nitro-L-arginine methylester on pulmonary vascular resistance at normoxic ventilation to 140 +/- 26 mRUL and at hypoxic ventilation to 239 +/- 42 mRUL. In spontaneously breathing closed-chest rabbits, N omega-nitro-L-arginine methylester evoked a marked decrease in arterial PO2 and increases in respiration frequency and central venous pressure, while blood pH, PCO2 and base excess remained unchanged. Taken together these findings indicate that endogenous nitric oxide, formed from L-arginine, might be a regulator of ventilation-perfusion matching at normoxic ventilation, and that nitric oxide acts as an endogenous modulator of the hypoxic pressor response.
Prebiotic effects of inulin and oligofructose (2002)

Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that target certain components within the microbiota of the human large intestine. Efficient prebiotics need to have a specific fermentation therein and thereby have the ability to alter the faecal microflora composition towards a more 'beneficial' community structure. This should occur by the stimulation of benign or potentially health promoting genera but not the harmful groups. Because of their positive attributes bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are the most frequent target organisms. Both inulin and oligofructose have been demonstrated to be effective prebiotics. This has been shown through both in vitro and in vivo assessments in different laboratories. Because of their recognised prebiotic properties, principally the selective stimulation of colonic bifidobacteria, both inulin and oligofructose are increasingly used in new food product developments. Examples include drinks, yoghurts, biscuits and table spreads. Because of the recognised inhibitory effects that bifidobacteria can exert against gut pathogens, one of the most important aspects of prebiotic ingestion is fortification of the gut flora to resist acute infections.
Noninvasive Coronary Imaging Using Electron Beam CT: Surface Rendering Versus Volume Rendering (2003)

Our experience in the comparison of both techniques shows that because of intrinsic problems associated with surface rendering, volume rendering produces better image quality.
Size and Levels of mRNA for Acid Invertase in Ripe Tomato Fruit (1990)

Poly(A)+RNA was isolated from ripe tomato fruit and translated in a wheat germ cell-free translation system. A 74-kDa polypeptide was detected as a putative precursor of acid invertase by immunoprecipitation with antiserum raised against SDS-treated acid invertase (denatured form) from tomato fruit. The molecular mass of the mRNA for acid invertase was estimated to be about 8 × 105 Da (2.4 k nucleotides) by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Mature, green tomato fruit contained very low levels of invertase mRNA. When mature, green tomato fruit were stored at 22°C, levels of invertase mRNA per gram fresh weight increased to a maximum after four days and then declined.
Integration of multiple signals through a complex hormone response unit in the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene promoter. (1994)

Transcription of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene is stimulated by glucocorticoids, retinoic acid, and cAMP and is dominantly inhibited by insulin and phorbol esters. The glucocorticoid response is mediated by a complex regulatory unit that consists of two glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding sites (GR1 and GR2) and two adjacent accessory factor elements (AF1 and AF2). Deletion of either the AF1 or the AF2 element results in a 50-75% reduction of the glucocorticoid response. In addition to their accessory role in glucocorticoid action, the AF1 and AF2 elements mediate retinoic acid and insulin/phorbol ester effects, respectively. Site-directed mutagenesis was performed on AF1 and AF2 to precisely locate the sequences responsible for accessory activity in each element. The glucocorticoid accessory activity of the AF1 element maps to the same 12-base pair sequence (TGACCTTTGGCC) involved in the response of the PEPCK gene to retinoic acid. The glucocorticoid accessory activity of the AF2 region maps to the same 10-base pair sequence (TGGTGTTTTG) responsible for mediating the insulin and phorbol ester responses through this element. The AF1 and AF2 elements bind different sets of nuclear proteins, and this binding is not qualitatively or quantitatively affected by treatment of the rat H4IIE hepatoma cells with retinoic acid (AF1) or insulin (AF2). AF2 functions in a heterologous context (a consensus glucocorticoid response element and the thymidine kinase promoter), whereas AF1 functions in this context only if the retinoic acid receptor is overexpressed in the cells. These results show that the AF1 and AF2 elements affect the glucocorticoid response through different protein DNA interactions, and that a small sequence in each serves multiple functions. Together with GR1 and GR2, they form a complex hormone response unit which provides an integrated response of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene to a variety of positive and negative signals.
An Electrical Method for Compounding Sine Functions (1940)

An electrical device is described for evaluating the series ΣAi sin aix. For each term in the series there is constructed one compounding element composed of three coils; a long solenoid acting as a primary (60-cycle a.c.) within which are mounted two short secondary coils, one a rotor (order of 1/5 r.p.m.) and the other a stator. The mutual inductance between the primary and rotor varies as the sine of the angle aix of rotation while the primary current is held proportional to Ai. The vector sum of the peak voltages induced in the rotor and stator varies about a constant value proportional to Ai sin aix. Thus the variations of the resultant voltage from all of the elements about a constant value are proportional to the sum of the series. A record of the sum is made on photographic paper by means of a vacuum tube voltmeter circuit. Satisfactory tests have been made on a machine containing two elements. The application to structure determinations of gas molecules by electron diffraction is presented.
Switching Action of the Eccles-Jordan Trigger Circuit (1939)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Hershel Toomim; Switching Action of the Eccles‐Jordan Trigger Circuit. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 June 1939; 10 (6): 191–192. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1751524 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The effects of Maraviroc on liver fibrosis in HIV/HCV co‐infected patients (2014)

The data above shows a benefit over fibrosis progression with MVC, expressed by fibrosis serum marker tests in HIV/HCV co-infected patients with CCR5 tropism. The prolong treatment with MVC (over two years) has a better effect on liver fibrosis.