gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>In vitro</i> antioxidant activity of protein hydrolysates prepared from corn gluten meal (2008)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Corn gluten meal (CGM), a major by‐product of corn wet milling, is mainly used as forage in China. Because of its particular amino acid composition, in which there are large amounts of hydrophobic amino acids such as leucine, alanine and phenylalanine, CGM protein was thought to be a good resource to obtain antioxidant peptides. CGM protein was hydrolysed with a biochemical grade alcalase and the derived hydrolysates were assessed for their antioxidant properties in different in vitro assay systems, including inhibiting activity on lipid peroxidation, by reducing power, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and DPPH radical scavenging activity. The effects of concentration and molecular weight (MW) of hydrolysates on antioxidant activity were investigated. RESULTS: The results showed that CGM hydrolysates were effective antioxidants, and there was a dose‐dependent relationship between hydrolysate concentration and antioxidant activity; the highest antioxidant activity was found in peptides 500–1500 Da, and the antioxidant activity of peptides below 500 Da or peptides above 1500 Da were all lower than that of total hydrolysates. CONCLUSIONS: The finding showed that the antioxidant activity of CGM hydrolysates was related to molecular weight and hydrolysate concentration, and the active antioxidant fraction should be in the peptides fraction of 500–1500 Da. CGM protein hydrolysates can be a source of natural antioxidant and used as a food additive. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Targeted and exome sequencing identified somatic mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma (2016)

These results suggest that targeted sequencing and exome sequencing enable the identification of putative oncogenic driver mutations during the development of hepatocarcinoma.
Network slicing with flexible mobility and QoS/QoE support for 5G Networks (2017)

Network slicing is an emerging area of research, featuring a logical arrangement of resources to operate as individual networks, thus allowing for massively customizable service and tenant requirements. The focus of this paper is to present the design of a flexible 5G architecture for network slicing, building on SDN and NFV technologies as enablers. More specifically, we place the emphasis on techniques that provide efficient utilization of substrate resources for network slicing, ultimately optimizing network performance. The key areas of consideration in our architecture revolve around flexible service-tailored mobility, service-aware QoS/QoE control as well as network-wide orchestration.
IRON ABSORPTION. IV. THE ABSORPTION OF HEMOGLOBIN IRON* (1962)

The absorption of radioiron in rabbit hemoglobin, hemin, and ferritin has been compared to that of ferrous salt in healthy volunteers and in subjects with iron-deficiency anemia. At a dosage level of 5 mg elemental iron, hemoglobin iron was as well or better absorbed than ferrous salts in the normal subject. Absorption of hemoglobin iron increased less, however, in the iron-depleted or iron-deficient subject. In contrast to the absorption of ferrous salts, that of hemoglobin iron was not decreased by food or by phytate nor increased by ascorbic acid. The absorption of hemin iron was also not decreased by food. Iron absorbed from hemoglobin appeared in the plasma later than that from ferrous salts, but was found to be similarly dialyzable at acid pH with EDTA. These findings suggest that iron in heme complexes is absorbed as a porphyrin complex without conversion to the free ionized form. It is further apparent that there is less effective mucosal regulation of absorption of iron in this form. Finally, the present hypothesis of iron absorption based on the behavior of iron salts is not adequate for all types of food iron.
A low-power 10-bit continuous-time CMOS ΣΔ A/D converter (2004)

This paper presents the design of a third-order low-pass /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ analog-to-digital converter (ADC) employing a continuous-time (CT) loop filter. The loop filter is implemented using G/sub m/ - C integrators, where the transconductors are implemented using CMOS transistors only. System level as well as transistor level design issues for power efficiency is discussed. A prototype /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ ADC intended for weak biological signals restricted to bandwidths below 4 kHz has been manufactured in a standard 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. The ADC has a measured resolution of 10 bits and a dynamic range (DR) of 67 dB at a sampling rate of f/sub s/ = 1.4 MHz, while drawing a bias current of 60 /spl mu/A from a modest supply voltage of 1.8 V, thus consuming 108 /spl mu/W of power.
Current Progress on the Chemical Modification of Carbon Nanotubes (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTCurrent Progress on the Chemical Modification of Carbon NanotubesNikolaos Karousis*, Nikos Tagmatarchis, and Dimitrios Tasis*View Author Information Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 116 35 Athens, Greece Department of Materials Science, 26504 Rio Patras, Greece* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: +30 210 7273822 (N.K.); +30 2610 969811 (D.T.). Fax: +30 210 7273794 (N.K.); +30 2610 969368 (D.T.). E-mail: [email protected] (N.K.); [email protected] (D.T.).Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 9, 5366–5397Publication Date (Web):June 14, 2010Publication History Received19 January 2010Published online14 June 2010Published inissue 8 September 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr100018ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr100018greview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views24821Altmetric-Citations1117LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Carbon nanotubes,Functionalization,Metal nanoparticles,Salts,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Overview of Potential Mutagenic Problems Posed by Some Pesticides and Their Trace Impurities (1978)

This review principally addresses a number of aspects of usage of pesticides as well as populations at potential risk and attempts to highlight categories of pesticides whose structures or those of their metabolites and/or trace impurities, degradation and transformation products suggest an a priori mutagenic and/or carcinogenic risk. The pesticides considered include: DDT, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), 2,4,5-T, pentachlorophenol, and various herbicidal precursors (e.g., carbamates, triazines) of nitrosamines and nitroso derivatives. Structural features of a number of halo-unsaturated pesticides (e.g., dichloropropenes) were also reviewed from a viewpoint of contrasting their potential mutagenicity with that of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride. Additionally the mutagenicity of the organophosphorus pesticide Trichlorophon is contrasted with that of its degradation products.
ESTIMATION OF PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY AT MOUSE IMPLANTATION SITES BY THE GELATIN DIGESTION METHOD (1970)

Summary. A faint proteolysis without any appreciable peak intensity on Days 5 to 9 of normal pregnancy surrounds the implantation sites in mice. Neither the antimesometrial trophoblastic zone nor the ectoplacental cone showed more activity than the rest of the tissue. Uterine epithelium during this period showed a slightly stronger and more distinctly localized proteolysis. No epithelial activity was found during early pregnancy. Day-4 blastocysts, studied in vitro, showed no activity. It is concluded that the uterine epithelium at the time of implantation has an intrinsic ability to undergo autolysis and that the autolysis can be elicited by the trophoblast.
Biomechanical Loading as an Alternative Treatment for Tremor: A Review of Two Approaches (2012)

<strong>Background:</strong> Tremor is the most common movement disorder and strongly increases in incidence and prevalence with aging. Although not life threatening, upper-limb tremors hamper the independence of 65% of people suffering from them affected persons, greatly impacting their quality of life. Current treatments include pharmacotherapy and surgery (thalamotomy and deep brain stimulation). However, these options are not sufficient for approximately 25% of patients. Therefore, further research and new therapeutic options are required to effectively manage pathological tremor. <strong>Methods:</strong> This paper presents findings of two research projects in which two different wearable robots for tremor management were developed based on force loading and validated. The first consisted of a robotic exoskeleton that applied forces to tremulous limbs and consistently attenuated mild and severe tremors. The second was a neuroprosthesis based on transcutaneous neurostimulation. A total of 22 patients suffering from parkinsonian or essential tremor (ET) of different severities were recruited for experimental validation, and both systems were evaluated using standard tasks employed for neurological examination. The inclusion criterion was a postural and/or kinetic pathological upper-limb tremor resistant to medication. <strong>Results:</strong> The results demonstrate that both approaches effectively suppressed tremor in most patients, although further research is required. The work presented here is based on clinical evidence from a small number of patients (n=10 for robotic exoskeleton and n=12 for the neuroprosthesis), but most had a positive response to the approaches. In summary, biomechanical loading is non-invasive and painless. It may be effective in patients who are insufficiently responsive (or have adverse reactions) to drugs or in whom surgery is contraindicated. <strong>Discussion:</strong> This paper identifies and evaluates biomechanical loading approaches to tremor management and discusses their potential.
A comparison of the performance of TCP-Reno and TCP-Vegas over MANETs (2006)

IETF MANET (mobile ad hoc network) working group has standardized AODV (ad hoc on-demand distance vector) and OLSR (optimized link state routing) as its reactive and proactive routing protocols, respectively. In addition, from the transport layer's perspective, TCP (transmission control protocol) is still needed for MANET since it is widely used in the current Internet and suitable for smooth integration with the fixed Internet. Particularly, TCP has its variants, namely TCP-Reno and TCP-Vegas. However, there has been no research work on extensive performance comparison of TCP-Reno and TCP-Vegas over AODV and OLSR. Through extensive simulations, we found that the selected routing protocols is more important than the selected TCP variant, because the performance difference between TCP-Reno and TCP-Vegas over any selected routing protocol is not relevant.
Mathematical Handbook of Formulas and Tables (1969)

Supplying a collection of mathematical formulas and numerical tables, this text covers elementary concepts in algebra, geometry and more advanced concepts in differential equations and vector analysis.
NUMERICAL TAXONOMIC ANALYSES OF ALLOZYMIC VARIATION IN <i>CAPSICUM</i> (SOLANACEAE) (1979)

Summary Starch gel electrophoresis has been employed to produce allozyme profiles of 966 individual plants representing twelve morphologically defined domestic and wild taxa of Capsicum. A total of 63 alleles representing 23 enzyme loci has been recognized. These alleles were used as characters in numerical taxonomic analyses, by way of cluster analysis and principal coordinates analysis, of patterns of variation within and between these taxa. The results demonstrate that in some cases there is good agreement between morphological and allozymic patterns of variation while in other cases there is little such agreement. The major groups of taxa, i.e., the white‐flowered and purple‐flowered groups, are easily discernible but there are problems within these groups. For example, C. pubescens is easily separable from C. cardenasii and C. eximium yet the latter two are indistinguishable. The same pattern is noted, although not so clearly, in the C. baccatum‐C. praetermissum complex. Whereas these two taxa can be separated, the two varieties ( baccatum and pendulum ) of C. baccatum cannot. Additionally, there is complete overlap among the members of what may be called the C. annuum complex, i.e., C. annuum v. annuum, C. a. v. aviculare, C. chinense , and C. frutescens. Finally, the inclusion of two other wild taxa, C. chacoense and C. tovari , permits speculation on the systematic relationships between these taxa and the other wild and domestic taxa.
Protective effect of adenosine in diabetic neuropathic pain is mediated through adenosine A1-receptors. (2009)

Diabetic neuropathic pain is generally considered to be one of the most troublesome complications affecting diabetic patients and current therapy provides inadequate pain relief. In the present study, the effect of adenosine was investigated in a model of diabetic neuropathic pain. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, ip) in male Sprague Dawley rats and subjected to thermal (cold and hot) and chemical (formalin) stimuli. Diabetic rats developed hyperalgesia by the end of six weeks in thermal and chemical stimuli test. Adenosine (100, 200 and 500 mg/kg, ip) produced significant reversal of responses to thermal and chemical stimuli in diabetic rats. 8-Cyclopentyl-1, 3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX 1 mg/kg, ip), an adenosine A1-receptor antagonist, but not 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX 1 mg/kg, ip), an adenosine A2A-receptor antagonist, reversed the protective effect of adenosine. These results indicate that adenosine is an effective analgesics in a model of diabetic neuropathy, and the protection produced by adenosine is via stimulation of adenosine A1-receptors.
CA 125 Serum Levels Correlated With Second-Look Operations Among Ovarian Cancer Patients (1986)

CA 125, which is an antigenic determinant expressed by many epithelial ovarian cancers, is measured in serum using a solid phase immunoradiometric assay. Sera from 55 patients who were in clinical remission and underwent a second-look operation to assess disease status after chemotherapy were studied prospectively. All patients had the CA 125 assay performed within one week before their second-look operation. Twenty-four patients (44%) had no histologic or cytologic evidence of disease, seven patients (13%) had microscopic disease, 13 patients (24%) had disease measuring 1 mm to 1.5 cm, and ten patients (18%) had disease greater than or equal to 1.5 cm in maximum tumor dimension. None of the 24 patients with a negative second-look operation had a positive CA 125 antigen level (greater than or equal to 35 U/mL), compared with six of 20 patients (30%) with less than 1.5 cm disease, and six of ten (60%) with greater than or equal to 1.5 cm disease (P less than .0001). All 12 patients with an elevated CA 125 antigen level (greater than or equal to 35 U/mL) had disease discovered at their second-look operation. Thus, in this setting the predictive value of a positive CA 125 titer (greater than or equal to 35 U/mL) was 100%. The predictive value of a negative CA 125 antigen level (less than 35 U/mL) was 56%, ie, the test did not exclude the presence of disease in 44% of patients with a positive second look. The maximum tumor size associated with at least one prior negative antigen level was 1.9 cm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Eliminating covert flows with minimum typings (2002)

A type system is given that eliminates two kinds of covert flows in an imperative programming language. The first kind arises from nontermination and the other from partial operations that can raise exceptions. The key idea is to limit the source of nontermination in the language to constructs with minimum typings, and to evaluate partial operations within expressions of try commands which also have minimum typings. A mutual progress theorem is proved that basically states that no two executions of a well-typed program can be distinguished on the basis of nontermination versus abnormal termination due to a partial operation. The proof uses a new style of programming language semantics which we call a natural transition semantics.
Multielemental analysis of prehistoric animal teeth by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (2010)

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and laser ablation (LA) inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometry (MS) were utilized for microspatial analyses of a prehistoric bear (Ursus arctos) tooth dentine. The distribution of selected trace elements (Sr, Ba, Fe) was measured on a 26 mm×15 mm large and 3 mm thick transverse cross section of a canine tooth. The Na and Mg content together with the distribution of matrix elements (Ca, P) was also monitored within this area. The depth of the LIBS craters was measured with an optical profilometer. As shown, both LIBS and LA-ICP-MS can be successfully used for the fast, spatially resolved analysis of prehistoric teeth samples. In addition to microchemical analysis, the sample hardness was calculated using LIBS plasma ionic-to-atomic line intensity ratios of Mg (or Ca). To validate the sample hardness calculations, the hardness was also measured with a Vickers microhardness tester.
Automated Fraudulent Phone Call Recognition through Deep Learning (2020)

Several studies have shown that the phone number and call behavior generated by a phone call reveal the type of phone call. By analyzing the phone number rules and call behavior patterns, we can recognize the fraudulent phone call. The success of this recognition heavily depends on the particular set of features that are used to construct the classifier. Since these features are human-labor engineered, any change introduced to the telephone fraud can render these carefully constructed features ineffective. In this paper, we show that we can automate the feature engineering process and, thus, automatically recognize the fraudulent phone call by applying our proposed novel approach based on deep learning. We design and construct a new classifier based on Call Detail Records (CDR) for fraudulent phone call recognition and find that the performance achieved by our deep learning-based approach outperforms competing methods. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Specifically, in our accuracy evaluation, the obtained accuracy exceeds 99%, and the most performant deep learning model is 4.7% more accurate than the state-of-the-art recognition model on average. Furthermore, we show that our deep learning approach is very stable in real-world environments, and the implicit features automatically learned by our approach are far more resilient to dynamic changes of a fraudulent phone number and its call behavior over time. We conclude that the ability to automatically construct the most relevant phone number features and call behavior features and perform accurate fraudulent phone call recognition makes our deep learning-based approach a precise, efficient, and robust technique for fraudulent phone call recognition.
Coal conversion technology (1976)

This book provides readily accessible and concise data on all major activities in coal conversion technology. The many processes and techniques of coal conversion have as a basic concept the transmutation of coal into forms acceptable to transportation and heating equipment. To accomplish this, high-sulfur coals must be desulfurized, high-ash coals must be demineralized, and solid coal must be depolymerized into liquid and Gaseous Products that can be ignited and burned with facility. Over 100 processes in various stages of development are discussed. Other information provided includes acronyms and a glossary of terms. The data are given in three main sections: Section I, Coal Conversion Processes for the Production of Solid, Liquid, and gaseous products; Section II, High-Btu Coal Gasification Processes; and Section III, Low- and Medium-Btu Coal Gasification Processes. Additional information is provided on patented processes not in a significant stage of development at present. Separate appendixes cover the following: major governmental, semi-governmental and private agencies sponsoring coal conversion research programs; alphabetical listing of companies holding major coal conversion patents; coal conversion processes for the production of liquid solid and gaseous products; and coal gasification processes for the production of substitute natural gas. (MCW)
(3<i>R</i>,4<i>S</i>,4a<i>R</i>,10a<i>S</i>)-5,10-Diacetyl-3,4,4a,5,6,7,10,10a-octahydro-8-methoxy-6-oxo-2<i>H</i>-pyrano[3,2-<i>g</i>]pteridin-3,4-diyl diacetate (1999)

The structure and stereochemistry of the title compound, C 18 H 22 N 4 O 9 , have been determined. The H atoms at the A/B ring fusion are in the cis position. There is one hydrogen bond in the structure, N7-H7...O51 [N...O 2.886 (4) A], which links the molecules into infinite chains along the a axis.
Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine 1 (MIC-1/GDF15) Decreases Food Intake, Body Weight and Improves Glucose Tolerance in Mice on Normal & Obesogenic Diets (2012)

Food intake and body weight are controlled by a variety of central and peripheral factors, but the exact mechanisms behind these processes are still not fully understood. Here we show that that macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1/GDF15), known to have anorexigenic effects particularly in cancer, provides protection against the development of obesity. Both under a normal chow diet and an obesogenic diet, the transgenic overexpression of MIC-1/GDF15 in mice leads to decreased body weight and fat mass. This lean phenotype was associated with decreased spontaneous but not fasting-induced food intake, on a background of unaltered energy expenditure and reduced physical activity. Importantly, the overexpression of MIC-1/GDF15 improved glucose tolerance, both under normal and high fat-fed conditions. Altogether, this work shows that the molecule MIC-1/GDF15 might be beneficial for the treatment of obesity as well as perturbations in glucose homeostasis.