gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Degradation Mitigation in Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Using Cerium Oxide as a Regenerative Free-Radical Scavenger (2008)

The efficacy of nanoparticles in mitigating free-radical-induced polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) degradation is investigated. Commercially obtained and nanoparticles synthesized in-house were incorporated within a recast Nafion membrane. Membrane electrode assemblies were prepared using Nafion and composite membranes (0.5, 1, and ). The composite membranes exhibited very similar proton conductivities and hydrogen crossover as Nafion. However, the fluoride emission rate (from accelerated tests) was lowered by more than 1 order of magnitude upon addition of into the Nafion membrane, suggesting that nanoparticles have tremendous potential to greatly enhance membrane durability.
Inside Cover: A Heterodimeric Glucuronide Prodrug for Cancer Tritherapy: the Double Role of the Chemical Amplifier (ChemMedChem 12/2011) (2011)

The inside cover picture shows a nontoxic targeting system programmed for the selective delivery of three different cytotoxic agents to the tumor site. This system includes a chemical amplifier that transforms a single tumor-associated enzymatic triggering event into the release of a highly toxic drug cocktail. For more details, see the Communication by Sébastien Papot et al. on p. 2137 ff.
High quality audio coding using a novel hybrid WLP-subband coding algorithm (2003)

In this paper, a high quality audio coding scheme based on a novel hybrid algorithm combining warped linear prediction (WLP) and subband coding is proposed. In the proposed scheme, subband coding is used to quantize the WLP residual. A modified bit allocation algorithm is used for subband bit allocation so that the overall quantization noise to masking threshold ratio (NMR) in the coded signal is minimized. The proposed codec is capable of providing high quality audio output at low bit rate. Subjective tests have shown that the proposed codec is able to provide a performance comparable to that of the MPEG audio layer II while operating at a lower bit rate.
Tissue specific sequence motifs in the enhancer of the leukaemogenic mouse retrovirus SL3-3 (1988)

The long terminal repeat (LTR) of the retrovirus SL3-3 determines its tropism for T-lymphocytes and its ability to induce T-cell lymphomas in mice. We have studied the ability of different DNA sequences located upstream of the "TATA" box in the LTR of SL3-3 to enhance transcription in T-lymphocyte cell lines and other cell lines, employing a transient assay and quantitative S1 nuclease mapping. The enhancer was found to be composed of many DNA domains which determines different activities in different cell lines. We find enhancer sequence motifs with a high T-lymphocyte specificity in the DNA repetitions of the LTR, and other enhancer motifs active in a broader range of cells in the surrounding DNA segments. The localization of sequences preferentially active in T-cells within the repeated sequences containing differences between SL3-3 and the very closely related Akv virus, which is without the T cell tropism and leukaemogenicity of SL3-3, supports the notion that the enhancer sequence motifs with T-cell preferences are primary determinants of these properties.
Involvement of the TCR Cβ FG Loop in Thymic Selection and T Cell Function (2002)

The asymmetric disposition of T cell receptor (TCR) Cbeta and Calpha ectodomains creates a cavity with a side-wall formed by the rigid Cbeta FG loop. To investigate the significance of this conserved structure, we generated loop deletion (betaDeltaFG) and betawt transgenic (tg) mice using the TCR beta subunit of the N15 CTL. N15betawt and N15betaDeltaFG H-2(b) animals have comparable numbers of thymocytes in S phase and manifest developmental progression through the CD4(-)CD8(-) double-negative (DN) compartment. N15betaDeltaFG facilitates transition from DN to CD4(+)8(+) double-positive (DP) thymocytes in recombinase activating gene (RAG)-2(-/-) mice, showing that pre-TCR function remains. N15betaDeltaFG animals possess approximately twofold more CD8(+) single-positive (SP) thymocytes and lymph node T cells, consistent with enhanced positive selection. As an altered Valpha repertoire observed in N15betaDeltaFG mice may confound the deletion's effect, we crossed N15alphabeta TCR tg RAG-2(-/-) with N15betaDeltaFG tg RAG-2(-/-) H-2(b) mice to generate N15alphabeta RAG-2(-/-) and N15alphabeta.betaDeltaFG RAG-2(-/-) littermates. N15alphabeta.betaDeltaFG RAG-2(-/-) mice show an 8-10-fold increase in DP thymocytes due to reduced negative selection, as evidenced by diminished constitutive and cognate peptide-induced apoptosis. Compared with N15alphabeta, N15alphabeta.betaDeltaFG T cells respond poorly to cognate antigens and weak agonists. Thus, the Cbeta FG loop facilitates negative selection of thymocytes and activation of T cells.
Analytical modelling of wind speed deficit in large offshore wind farms (2006)

Abstract The proposed model for the wind speed deficit in wind farms is analytical and encompasses both small wind farms and wind farms extending over large areas. As is often the need for offshore wind farms, the model handles a regular array geometry with straight rows of wind turbines and equidistant spacing between units in each row and equidistant spacing between rows. Firstly, the case with the flow direction being parallel to rows in a rectangular geometry is considered by defining three flow regimes. Secondly, when the flow is not in line with the main rows, solutions are suggested for the patterns of wind turbine units corresponding to each wind direction. The presentation is an outline of a model complex that will be adjusted and calibrated with measurements in the near future. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differential Regulation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6, Evidence that CDK4 Might Not Be Activated by CDK7, and Design of a CDK6 Activating Mutation (2009)

The homologous cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) CDK4 and CDK6 integrate mitogenic and oncogenic signaling cascades with the cell cycle. Their activation requires binding to a D-type cyclin and then T-loop phosphorylation at T172 and T177 (respectively) by the only CDK-activating kinase identified in animal cells, cyclin H-CDK7. At odds with the existing data showing the constitutive activity of CDK7, we have recently identified the T172 phosphorylation of cyclin D-bound CDK4 as a crucial cell cycle regulatory target. Here we show that T172 phosphorylation of CDK4 is conditioned by its unique proline 173 residue. In contrast to CDK4, CDK6 does not contain such a proline and, unexpectedly, remained poorly phosphorylated and active in a variety of cells. Mutations of proline 173 did not adversely affect CDK4 activation by CDK7, but in cells they abolished CDK4 T172 phosphorylation and activity. Conversely, substituting a proline for the corresponding residue of CDK6 enforced its complete, apparently cyclin-independent T177 phosphorylation and dramatically increased its activity. These results lead us to propose that CDK4 might not be phosphorylated by CDK7 in intact cells but is more likely phosphorylated by another, presumably proline-directed kinase(s). Moreover, they provide a new model of a potentially oncogenic activating mutation of a CDK.
Three-Dimensional in vivo Reflectance and Fluorescence Imaging by a Handheld Dual-Axes Confocal Microscope (2007)

We demonstrate reflectance and fluorescence imaging with a handheld dual-axes confocal microscope based on a two-dimensional microelectromechanical system scanner. Three-dimensional imaging capability is shown in tissue, and in vivo imaging of a mouse is performed.
Tools and techniques for video performance evaluation (2002)

We outline a reconfigurable video performance evaluation resource (ViPER), which provides an interface for ground truth generation, metrics for evaluation and tools for visualization of video analysis results. A key component is that the approach provides the basic infrastructure, and allows users to configure data generation and evaluation. Although ViPER can be used for any type of data, we focus on applications which require video content.
Time Optimal Contour Tracking for Machine Tool Controllers (1990)

A decomposition procedure is applied to the optimization of feedrate and voltage control of biaxial contouring systems. The optimization procedure takes into account the contour error, voltage, and current constraints while tracking the contour in minimum time. The decomposition procedure used in this paper consists of two phases. The first phase is the feedrate optimization phase. In this phase, the tracking time is minimized with respect to the feedrate profile using a nominal LQR-type controller. The second phase is the controller tuning phase. Using the feedrate profile obtained in the first phase, the controller is tuned by minimizing a certain objective function with respect to the Q and R weighting matrices. The process is repeated until no further improvements can be obtained in tracking time. The iterative decomposition procedure is used to prevent any mismatch in sensitivity since the feedrate profile has dominant effects on the constraints and tracking time while the weighting matrices have dominant effects only on the constraints. The procedure is tested and evaluated using a model of a representative biaxial DC motor system.
Identification and sequence analysis of the Bacillus subtilis W23 xylR gene and xyl operator (1989)

The xyl operator of Bacillus subtilis W23 was identified by deletion analysis of the xyl regulatory region as a 25-base-pair (bp) sequence located 10 bp downstream from the xyl promoter. The outer 10 bp of the xyl operator exhibit perfect palindromic symmetry, while 5 central bp are nonpalindromic. It was demonstrated that the penultimate base pair near the end of this sequence is important for repressor binding. The location of the xylR gene encoding the repressor was determined by its ability to mediate xylose-dependent repression of a xyl-cat fusion on a multicopy plasmid. The nucleotide sequence of 1,355 bp from this DNA was analyzed and contains an open reading frame with a coding capacity for 384 amino acids leading to a protein with a calculated molecular weight of 42,270. A mutant with a deletion in this reading frame showed no repression of the xyl-cat fusion. The coding sequence is preceded by a suitable ribosome-binding sequence and uses GTG as a start codon and TAA as a stop codon. The relationship of these results to corresponding data obtained from B. subtilis 168 is discussed.
Rope shovel environment mapping for improved operation using millimetre wave radar (2005)

The use of large rope shovels in open-pit mining and quarrying is ubiquitous across Australia. Their efficient operation is profoundly influenced by their interaction with the surrounding environment and infrastructure. For instance, to maintain an efficient transfer of material from the face to the bucket, an optimum distance from the bucket to the face should be sustained. This is difficult to judge and requires a well trained operator due to poor visibility and lack of perspective clues. Similar problems of alignment exist during dump component of the cycles whereas misjudgements are more critical and may result in damaged infrastructure and even injury to the truck operator, if appropriate precautions are not taken. One promising avenue of investigation to improve operator’s awareness of the surroundings while maintaining a safe working environment is the use of millimetre wave radar, which acquires and processes information pertaining to: face profile, shovel distance to the dig face, position of any infrastructure in the vicinity of the shovel, bucket content, and the number of the dipper’s missing teeth. This paper describes research studies conducted by CRC Mining in the application of the millimetre wave radar technology to mapping rope shovel working environment, with special application to bucket material imaging during normal rope shovel operation. The ultimate aim of the environment mapping is to provide the shovel operator with knowledge of machine/operator performance and to improve overall shovel operation.
Censoring Sensitive Data from Images (2016)

In the recent years, the vast volume of digitalimages available enabled a large range of learning methods tobe applicable, while making human input obsolete for manytasks. In this paper, we are addressing the problem of removingprivate information from images. When confronted with arelatively big number of pictures to be made public, one mayfind the task of manual editing out sensitive regions to beunfeasible. Ideally, we would like to use a machine learningapproach to automate this task. We implement and comparedifferent architectures based on convolutional neural networks, with generative and discriminative models competing in anadversarial fashion.
Thermotropic polyesters, copolyesters and model compounds based on terephthalic acid and 4,4′‐alkylenediphenols (1987)

Abstract Main chain thermotropic polyesters 1a and 1b and random copolyesters 1ab , based on terephthalic acid and 4,4′‐hexamethylenediphenol ( 5a ) or 4,4′‐decamethylenediphenol ( 5b ) were synthesized in good yields by a solution reaction in presence of benzenesulfonyl chloride. A mechanism is discussed. Low molar mass models 4a and 4b and oligomers 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b , with the same mesogenic unit and end groups comparable to the spacers used in polymers 1 , were synthesized and their liquid‐crystalline properties compared to those of polymers. Models with at least two mesogenic units and polymers exhibit both smectic and nematic mesophases. Increasing spacer length decreases dramatically the stability of the nematic mesophases, but lowers only slightly the melting points. The phase diagram for random copolyesters 1ab were determined by DSC. Broad endotherms with overlapping multiple peaks were found for most of the copolymers. Monomeric units of 1a and 1b cocrystallize in 1ab , which leads only to slight melting point depression. The variations of nematic‐isotropic transition versus composition of copolymers are linear, while the smectic phase stability appreciably decreases.
The expression of inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) is altered in prostate cancer cells and reverses the transformed phenotype of the LNCaP prostate tumor cell line. (2001)

Inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) has been shown to be an important mediator of cAMP antiproliferative activity. In this report, it was found that cAMP retards LNCaP cell growth; in contrast, cAMP inhibits the growth of PC-3 and DU-145 cells. ICER protein levels were markedly reduced in prostate cancer epithelial cells and undetectable and uninducible by cAMP in LNCaP and DU 145 cells. Forced expression of ICER in LNCaP cells caused inhibition of cell growth and thymidine incorporation and halted cells at the G(1) phase of the cell cycle. These ICER-bearing LNCaP cells were rendered unable to grow in soft agar and unable to form tumors in nude mice. These results suggest that deregulation of ICER expression may be related to carcinogenesis of the prostate gland.
Triangular Mesh Deformation based on Dimensions (2008)

Computer-Aided Design and Applications is an international journal on the applications of CAD and CAM. It publishes papers in the general domain of CAD plus in emerging fields like bio-CAD, nano-CAD, soft-CAD, garment-CAD, PLM, PDM, CAD data mining, CAD and the internet, CAD education, genetic algorithms and CAD engines. The journal is aimed at all developers and users of CAD technology to ptovide CAD solutions for various stages of design and manufacturing. The journal publishes all about Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided technologies.
Design and realization of an FPGA-based generator for chaotic frequency hopping sequences (2001)

Chaos-based pseudonoise (PN) sequences for spread spectrum (SS) communications ranks amongst the most promising applications of chaos to communications. This paper deals with the design and realization of a chaotic frequency hopping (FH) sequence generator that is compatible with current FH/SS technologies. A simplistic generator architecture adopting nonlinear auto-regressive (AR) filter structures is proposed, which is based on the random sequence model and the metric entropy criterion for generation of random sequences. Conventional PN sequences are employed to perturb the generator such that the resulted sequences fulfil the FH requirements on period and family size. In addition, a chaos-based FH sequence generator prototype is realized in field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and various tests are performed. The generator produces long period FH sequences with uniform distribution over the available bandwidth, large linear complexity as well as suboptimal Hamming correlation properties. Bit error rate (BER) performance of the chaos-based asynchronous FH/CDMA system is evaluated by means of computer simulation. These results suggest that the cost-effective and well-performing generator has the potential to be incorporated into existing FH systems.
Synthesis and Characterization of Allyl(β-ketoiminato)palladium(II) Complexes:  New Precursors for Chemical Vapor Deposition of Palladium Thin Films (1999)

Treatment of β-ketoiminates with [(allyl)Pd(μ-Cl)]2 affords volatile, air-stable allyl(β-ketoiminato)palladium(II) complexes. The structure of [(methallyl)Pd(Phacac)] (Phacac = MeCOCHCMeNPh) was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In solution 1H NMR analyses indicate either a direct rotation of a planar allyl ligand about the allyl−palladium axis or a solvent-assisted exchange process involving the transient formation of a monodentate ketoiminato ligand. The physical properties of the complexes were modified by altering the β-ketoiminato or the η3-allyl ligands. Some derivatives are liquid at room temperature and were known to be suitable for chemical vapor deposition of Pd thin films.
Fast feature identification for holographic tracking: the orientation alignment transform (2014)

The concentric fringe patterns created by features in holograms may be associated with a complex-valued orientational order field. Convolution with an orientational alignment operator then identifies centers of symmetry that correspond to the two-dimensional positions of the features. Feature identification through orientational alignment is reminiscent of voting algorithms such as Hough transforms, but may be implemented with fast convolution methods, and so can be orders of magnitude faster.
Katheterembolisation von metastasierten Nierenkarzinomen mit Butyl-2-Cyanoacrylat (1976)

Embolisation with butyle-2-cyano-acrylate was carried out in four inoperable renal carcinomas. By mixing this tissue adhesive with 50% glucose it remains suitable for embolisation for eight to ten minutes. Contact with blood produces the desired effect of immediate and permanent vascular occlusion. Since the material adheres to the vessel wall, it is not carried to any other vascular areas. No complications due to this material have been observed.
Microwave Acoustic Wave Devices: Recent Advances on Architectures, Modeling, Materials, and Packaging (2018)

This paper reviews applications of acoustic wave devices in mobile communication. After a general and historical introduction to bulk acoustic wave (BAW) and surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices, a review is given on the architectures where acoustic wave devices are applied driving the requirements on the SAW and BAW components. Following this, we discuss the progress in technology important materials. Next, an overview on the modeling and characterization of SAW and BAW at high power levels is given. Finally an overview of packaging technologies and an outlook to future developments is provided. Finally, an outlook to future developments is provided.
Emended Description of the Genus Pseudonocardia Henssen and Description of a New Species Pseudonocardia spinosa Schafer (1971)

Acropetal hyphal budding and production of blastospores characteristic of the genus Pseudonocardia Henssen and designated as Pseudonocardia-type were studied by time-lapse photography. The formation of cross walls in the aerial hyphae of Pseudonocardia thermophila was reexamined. Not all segments of the articulated hyphae are limited by septa. The new species Pseudonocardia spinosa Schäfer is described. The type strain of this species is MB SF-1 (ATCC 25924, CBS 818.70). P. spinosa corresponds with the type species of the genus in the acropetal budding of the hyphae, in the formation of blastospores, in the composition of the cell wall (type IV), and in the occurrence of a yellow pigment; it differs mainly in being mesophilic and in possessing spiny spores.
Cross-Border Data Flows, the GDPR, and Data Governance (2020)

Today, cross-border data flows are an important component of international trade and an element of digital service models. However, they are impeded by restrictions on cross-border personal data transfers and data localization legislation. This Article focuses primarily on these complexities and on the impact of the new European Union (“EU”) legislation on personal data protection — the GDPR. First, this Article introduces its discussion of these flows by placing them in their economic and geopolitical setting, including a discussion of the results of a lack of international harmonization of law in the area. In this framework, rule overlap and rival standards are relevant. Once this situation is established, this Article turns to an analysis of the legal measures that have filled the gap left by the lack of international regulation and the failure to harmonize law: extraterritorial laws in the European Union (regional legislation) and the United States (state legislation); and data localization laws in China and Russia. Specific provisions restricting cross-border personal data transfers are detailed under EU legislation, as are the international agreements that have been invaluable in allowing flows between the United States and the European Union to continue — first the Safe Harbor, and now the Privacy Shield. Finally, in this context, the role of data governance is investigated, both in the context of data controllers’ accountability for the actions of other actors in global supply chains under EU law and under the Privacy Shield. Thus, this Article goes beyond the law itself, to place requirements in the context of the globalized business world of data flows, and to suggest ways that companies may improve their compliance position worldwide.
Time series prediction with ensemble models (2005)

We describe the use of ensemble methods to build proper models for time series prediction. Our approach extends the classical ensemble methods for neural networks by using several different model architectures. We further suggest an iterated prediction procedure to select the final ensemble members.
Identification of Two Neutralizing and 8 Non-Neutralizing Epitopes on Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Envelope Using Monoclonal Antibodies (1992)

Ten new monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to SIV envelope were produced and characterized. Using a panel of 28 MAbs, 10 antibody binding sites on SIV envelope protein were identified. Seven sites were located in gp120 and three in gp41. Five sites in gp120 and two in gp41 were defined by overlapping peptides. The remaining two sites on gp120 and one on gp41 were distinguished by competition binding assays but could not be defined by overlapping peptides, suggesting that they were discontinuous or conformational epitopes. Five of the 28 MAbs consistently and reliably neutralized the infectivity of SIVmac251. Two of these bound to a peptide (aa171-190) in the V2 region. The remaining three MAbs bound to a conformational epitope on gp120. These two neutralizing epitopes on SIV are analogous to similar epitopes recently described in HIV-1. In contrast, three MAbs binding to the V3 region of SIV failed to neutralize infectivity, suggesting that this region in SIV may by functionally different from the V3 loop in HIV-1.