gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and reactions of (.eta.5-cyclopentadienyl)tricarbonylhydridovanadate. A comparative mechanistic study of its organic halide reduction reactions with those of tri-n-butyltin hydride (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and reactions of (.eta.5-cyclopentadienyl)tricarbonylhydridovanadate. A comparative mechanistic study of its organic halide reduction reactions with those of tri-n-butyltin hydrideRobert J. Kinney, William D. Jones, and Robert G. BergmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 25, 7902–7915Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00493a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00493a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views875Altmetric-Citations114LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Some studies on the wear resistance of artificial teeth in presence of amorphous SiO2 and TiO2 fillers (2011)

A set of composite materials were developed by blending polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) with different amounts of micro-fine amorphous silica and titanium dioxide for application as artificial teeth. Wear resistances of these composites were measured with the help of a modified pin-on-disc tribometer and compared with commercial artificial teeth sample in the presence of artificial saliva. It has been observed that under the similar biological condition the powder fillers improved the wear resistances of the artificial teeth as compared to the commercial one under identical condition.
Benzyldimethyl[3-(miristoylamino)-propyl]ammonium chloride stabilized silver nanoparticles (Argumistin™) in medicine: results of clinical trials for treatment of infectious diseases of dogs and perspectives for humans (2016)

Abstract Increased interest in nanosilver during the last 10 years is mainly explained by the emergence and spread of pathogenic microorganisms with multiple drug resistance, including resistance to last-generation antibiotics. In this article, we for the first time, give a description of large-scale clinical trials of a new nanosilver based antibacterial drug [containing two active components: silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (10–50 ppm) and benzyldimethyl[3-(miristoylamino)-propyl]ammonium chloride (100 ppm)] registered in Russia in 2015 as a veterinary drug under the brand name Argumistin™. This drug has been approved for application in a diluted dosage form – as eye drops, intranasal drops and orally; it has also been approved for application in a more concentrated dosage form (up to 50 ppm of nanosilver) as ear drops and as an antiseptic during demodicosis and gum disease treatment, open wound treatment, etc. We have registered the high therapeutic effectiveness of Argumistin™ during treatment of infectious conjunctivitis, gingivitis, parodontosis and enteritis of dogs. Application of this antibacterial drug gives considerable (up to 70% in case of periodontal diseases) reduction in the treatment period and prevention of complications. The results of clinical trials in the treatment of infectious diseases of dogs makes Argumistin™ a promising candidate for an effective antibacterial drug for human medicine.
Expression of matrix metalloproteinases in spontaneous regression of liver fibrosis. (2001)

Resolution of liver fibrosis began within 10 days but only to 70%. Gene expression kinetics suggested metalloproteinase-13 might play a more important role in the resolution because it surged more markedly at peak fibrosis and returned to nearly basal levels in the recovery periods in parallel with liver collagen content.
Conditional ablation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor-TrkB signaling impairs striatal neuron development (2012)

Neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), are associated with the physiology of the striatum and the loss of its normal functioning under pathological conditions. The role of BDNF and its downstream signaling in regulating the development of the striatum has not been fully investigated, however. Here we report that ablation of Bdnf in both the cortex and substantia nigra depletes BDNF in the striatum, and leads to impaired striatal development, severe motor deficits, and postnatal lethality. Furthermore, striatal-specific ablation of TrkB, the gene encoding the high-affinity receptor for BDNF, is sufficient to elicit an array of striatal developmental abnormalities, including decreased anatomical volume, smaller neuronal nucleus size, loss of dendritic spines, reduced enkephalin expression, diminished nigral dopaminergic projections, and severe deficits in striatal dopamine signaling through DARPP32. In addition, TrkB ablation in striatal neurons elicits a non-cell-autonomous reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase protein level in the axonal projections of substantia nigral dopaminergic neurons. Thus, our results establish an essential function for TrkB in regulating the development of striatal neurons.
General introduction to altitude adaptation and mountain sickness (2008)

The key elements in acclimatization aim at securing the oxygen supply to tissues and organs of the body with an optimal oxygen tension of the arterial blood. In acute exposure, ventilation and heart rate are elevated with a minimum reduction in stroke volume. In addition, plasma volume is reduced over 24-48 h to improve the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, and is further improved during a prolonged sojourn at altitude through an enhanced erythropoiesis and larger Hb mass, allowing for a partial or full restoration of the blood volume and arterial oxygen content. Most of these adaptations are observed from quite low altitudes [approximately 1000 m above sea level (m a.s.l.)] and become prominent from 2000 m a.s.l. At these higher altitudes additional adaptations occur, one being a reduction in the maximal heart rate response and consequently a lower peak cardiac output. Thus, in spite of a normalization of the arterial oxygen content after 4 or more weeks at altitude, the peak oxygen uptake reached after a long acclimatization period is essentially unaltered compared with acute exposure. What is gained is a more complete oxygenation of the blood in the lungs, i.e. SaO(2) is increased. The alteration at the muscle level at altitude is minor and so is the effect on the metabolism, although it is debated whether a possible reduction in blood lactate accumulation occurs during exercise at altitude. Transient acute mountain sickness (headache, anorexia, and nausea) is present in 10-30% of subjects at altitudes between 2500 and 3000 m a.s.l. Pulmonary edema is rarely seen below 3000 m a.s.l. and brain edema is not seen below 4000 m a.s.l. It is possible to travel to altitudes of 2500-3000 m a.s.l., wait for 2 days, and then gradually start to train. At higher altitudes, one should consider a staged ascent (average ascent rate 300 m/day above 2000 m a.s.l.), primarily in order to sleep and feel well, and minimize the risk of mountain sickness. A new classification of altitude levels based on the effects on performance and well-being is proposed and an overview given over the various modalities using hypoxia and altitude for improvement of performance.
Versatile Three Component Coupling for the Synthesis of Pyrazolopyridines and Other Pyrido Fused Systems (2008)

A new unexpected reaction of 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4pyridyl)ethanone 2 with 3-aminopyrazole, involving loss of a 4-pyridylmethyl group, afforded 4,6-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 1 in good yields.Investigation of the features of this cyclization led to the development of a new three component coupling for the synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines, from a ketone, an aldehyde and a 3-aminopyrazole in the presence of acid catalysis and a protic solvent.The study of the scope of this reaction showed its remarkable versatility and its usefulness in the preparation of other bicyclic systems, such as thieno[3,2-b]pyridines, pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridines, imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines, furo[2,3-b]pyridines, isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridines and, isothiazolo[5,4-b]pyridines.The three component nature of this reaction makes it suitable for the preparation of combinatorial libraries since scaffold decoration can be easily achieved in one step.
Modem Design using Continuous Phase Modulation with Coding (1985)

The combination of coding and low index modulation can result in both bandwidth and power efficient modem design. The low index modulation format is obtained by using a frequency division and multiplication network to alter the modulation index of ½ for convertioned MSK to a lower value. This lower value modulation index in concert with restricted range encoding provides a system that can achieve a 2 bits/sec/Hz bandwidth efficiency at a power level equivalent to that required for MSK. The design concepts are such that data rates in the hundreds of megabits/second are practical.
Hydergine enhances memory in mice. (1985)

Moderate improvement of cognitive function has been reported in many clinical studies of Hydergine (HYD) but in only a few controlled dose-response studies in animals. We therefore evaluated the effects of HYD upon one-week retention of training by T-maze active avoidance and by one-trial passive avoidance in a stepthrough apparatus. HYD satisfied seven criteria for a memory enhancing drug, as follows. Post-training subcutaneous injection improved memory recall scores; the dose-response curve was the inverted-U typical of many memory enhancers. Post-training intracerebral injection showed a similar effect, indicating a central mechanism of action. Pre-testing subcutaneous injection had a similar effect, indicating enhancement of retrieval processes. Pre-training subcutaneous injection had a similar effect, at much lower doses than post-training injection. HYD did not improve acquisition of T-maze active avoidance, indicating that its effects were on memory processing rather than learning per se. Enhancement by post-training injection declined as the training-to-injection interval increased; this temporal gradient is typical of memory-enhancing drugs. Subcutaneous HYD reversed the amnestic effects of anisomycin (a protein synthesis inhibitor) and of scopolamine (an anticholinergic drug). The results characterize HYD as an effective enhancer of memory processing and of memory retrieval, in the mouse paradigms of active avoidance and passive avoidance.
The Synergy Between Object-Oriented Programming and Open System Interconnection (1991)

The software engineering practice of building distributed object-oriented applications can be improved dramatically by exploiting the powerful synergism between object-oriented programming (OOP) and Open System Interconnection (OSI). The synergy arises because there are corresponding and complementary elements in both OOP and OSI; these elements are detailed and the synergism resulting from their integration is explained. The architecture of a prototype implementation, the goal of Project Synergy, is described. The environment created by Project Synergy supports application development using classes which are defined in an implementation-independent manner, implemented in possibly different programming languages, and executed in a distributed system on possibly heterogeneous processor architectures.
Demand Assignment Multiple Access Schemes in Broadcast Bus Local Area Networks (1984)

Local area communications networks based on packet broadcasting techniques provide simple architectures and efficient and flexible operation. Various ring systems and CSMA contention bus systems have been in operation for several years. More recently, a number of distributed demand assignment multiple access (DAMA) schemes suitable for broadcast bus networks have emerged which provide conflict-free broadcast communications by means of various scheduling techniques. Among these schemes, the Token-Passing Bus Access method uses explicit tokens, i.e., control messages, to provide the required scheduling. Others use implicit tokens, whereby stations in the network rely on information deduced from the activity on the bus to schedule their transmissions. In this paper we present many implicit-token DAMA schemes in a unified manner grouped according to their basic access mechanisms, and compare them in terms of performance and other important attributes.
Traffic-aware decentralized AP selection for multi-rate in WLANs (2010)

AP selection problem is one of the major issues in infrastructure WLANs. Recently, many authors in the literatures have proposed a novel AP selection scheme which can provide better performance (e.g. aggregated throughput, load balancing) than RSS-based legacy scheme. However, they have presented the schemes with non-practical assumptions, e.g. they have assumed that adjacent APs are configured with orthogonal channels and each station transmits the data frame using a single data rate. As we have studied, adjacent BSSs' transmission and multiple transmission rates impact the network's performance. In this paper, we propose a practical traffic-aware AP selection scheme considering the factors previously mentioned. By exploiting the Retry field in the MAC header as feedback about channel conditions, we can infer the network conditions, and each client can select the ‘best’ AP in terms of expected throughput. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our solution by comparing to existing approaches through ns-2 simulation.
Osteoinductive biomaterials: current knowledge of properties, experimental models and biological mechanisms (2011)

In the past thirty years, a number of biomaterials have shown the ability to induce bone formation when implanted at heterotopic sites, an ability known as osteoinduction. Such biomaterials--osteoinductive biomaterials--hold great potential for the development of new therapies in bone regeneration. Although a variety of well characterised osteoinductive biomaterials have so far been reported in the literature, scientists still lack fundamental understanding of the biological mechanism underlying the phenomenon by which they induce bone formation. This is further complicated by the observations that larger animal models are required for research, since limited, if any, bone induction by biomaterials is observed in smaller animals, including particularly rodents. Besides interspecies variation, variations among individuals of the same species have been observed. Furthermore, comparing different studies and drawing general conclusions is challenging, as these usually differ not only in the physico-chemical and structural properties of the biomaterials, but also in animal model, implantation site and duration of the study. Despite these limitations, the knowledge of material properties relevant for osteoinduction to occur has tremendously increased in the past decades. Here we review the properties of osteoinductive biomaterials, in the light of the model and the conditions under which they were tested. Furthermore, we give an insight into the biological processes governing osteoinduction by biomaterials and our view on the future perspectives in this research field.
Evidence for coxsackievirus infection in primary Sjögren's syndrome (2004)

We provide evidence that primary SS may be associated with coxsackievirus infection of the MSG epithelial cells and focal lymphocytic infiltrates. Our findings are formulated in a hypothesis concerning the possible role of coxsackieviruses in the induction and maintenance of autoimmunity in primary SS.
Runtime Prediction Based Grid Scheduling of Parameter Sweep Jobs (2008)

This paper examines the problem of predicting job runtimes by exploiting the properties of parameter sweeps. A new parameter sweep prediction framework GIPSy (grid information prediction system) is introduced. Predictions are made based on prior runtime information and the parameters used to configure each job. The main objective is providing a tool combining development, simulation and application of prediction models within one framework. The different kinds of available sample selectors and models are discussed in detail. Results are presented for a quantum physics problem. A previously introduced scheduling technique and the implementation called PGS (prediction based grid scheduling) is improved and presented in combination with GIPSy to obtain a real-world grid implementation that optimizes the distribution of parameter sweeps.
Self-organizing control of urban traffic signal network (2002)

This paper proposes a self-organizing control strategy of a signal network for urban traffic flows. The signal network is described using a system of nonlinear oscillators with the nearest neighborhood coupling. The natural frequency, split and coupling constants of the signals are adjusted dynamically according to local information of traffic flows so that the desired network offset patterns are self-organized through mutual entrainment. We provide a preliminary analysis of the coupled oscillator system. Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method under dynamical environmental changes.
Enhanced trajectory planning for machining with industrial six-axis robots (2010)

This paper presents a practical approach to adapt the trajectory planning stage for industrial robots to realize continuous machining operations. Firstly, L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> interpolation is introduced to generate efficiently the tool-paths in the form of shape-preserving quintic splines. Then, the tool-tip feedrate planning in Cartesian space is done using a smooth jerk limited pattern and taking into account the joints kinematics constraints. Experimental validations conducted on a 6-axis industrial robot demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology of trajectory planning in the context of machining.
Synthesis and Swelling Behaviors of graftcopolymer Based on Chitosan-g-poly(AA-co-HEMA) (2010)

In this work, Acrylic acid (AA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) monomers were directly grafted onto chitosan using ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator and methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinking agent under an inert atmosphere. A mechanism for hydrogel formation was proposed and the structure of the product was established using FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The water absorbency increased with increasing the AA amount in the monomer feed due to formation of polyelectrolyte. Results indicated that the swelling capacity decreased with an increase in the ionic strength of the swelling medium. Furthermore, the swelling of superabsorbing hydrogels was examined in solutions with pH values ranging between 1 and 13. The Chitosan-g-poly(Acrylic acid-co-HEMA) hydrogel exhibited a pH-responsive swelling-deswelling behavior in acidic and alkalin solution.
Nerve Growth Factor Gene Therapy Using Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors Prevents Cardiomyopathy in Type 1 Diabetic Mice (2011)

Diabetes is a cause of cardiac dysfunction, reduced myocardial perfusion, and ultimately heart failure. Nerve growth factor (NGF) exerts protective effects on the cardiovascular system. This study investigated whether NGF gene transfer can prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice. We worked with mice with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes and with nondiabetic control mice. After having established that diabetes reduces cardiac NGF mRNA expression, we tested NGF gene therapies with adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs) for the capacity to protect the diabetic mouse heart. To this aim, after 2 weeks of diabetes, cardiac expression of human NGF or β-Gal (control) genes was induced by either intramyocardial injection of AAV serotype 2 (AAV2) or systemic delivery of AAV serotype 9 (AAV9). Nondiabetic mice were given AAV2-β-Gal or AAV9-β-Gal. We found that the diabetic mice receiving NGF gene transfer via either AAV2 or AAV9 were spared the progressive deterioration of cardiac function and left ventricular chamber dilatation observed in β-Gal-injected diabetic mice. Moreover, they were additionally protected from myocardial microvascular rarefaction, hypoperfusion, increased deposition of interstitial fibrosis, and increased apoptosis of endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes, which afflicted the β-Gal-injected diabetic control mice. Our data suggest therapeutic potential of NGF for the prevention of cardiomyopathy in diabetic subjects.
Learning control of finite Markov chains with an explicit trade-off between estimation and control (1988)

An efficient scheme is presented for a learning control problem of finite Markov chains with unknown dynamics, i.e. with unknown transition probabilities. The scheme is designed to optimize the asymptotic system performance and for easy application to models with relatively many states and decisions. In this scheme a control policy is determined each time through maximization of a simple performance criterion that explicitly incorporates a tradeoff between estimation of the unknown probabilities and control of the system. The policy determination can be easily performed even in the case of large-size models, since the maximizing operation can be greatly simplified by use of the policy-iteration method. It is proven that this scheme becomes epsilon -optimal as well as optimal by suitable choice of control parameter values in the sense that a relative frequency coefficient of making optimal decisions tends to the maximum.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ions and Aggregates of Tetra-<i>n</i>-Butylammonium Picrate in Nonaqueous Solvents: A Thermodynamic Study (1971)

Values of ΔG 0 , ΔH 0 , and ΔS 0 at 25 °C were obtained by distribution studies and by calorimetry, for the dimerization and trimerization of tetra-n-butylammonium picrate (1) in anhydrous benzene, chlorobenzene, and o-dichlorobenzene. The standard enthalpy of sublimation of 1 was calculated. The values of ΔG 0 for the ionization, dimerization, and trimerization of 1 were linear functions of the reciprocal of the dielectric constant of the solvent. The intercepts and slopes of these graphs are interpreted; partial desolvation of the ions, and of the monomers on association is invoked. A simple potential function is used with the data, in order to deduce suitable models of the dimer and the trimer of 1.
Diisopropylethylamine/hexafluoroisopropanol‐mediated ion‐pairing ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry for phosphate and carboxylate metabolite analysis: utility for studying cellular metabolism (2016)

A rapid, sensitive, and specific IP-RP-UHPLC/NESI-MS method was used to quantify metabolites from several biochemical pathways. IP with DIPEA and HFIP increased the sensitivity and improved chromatographic separation when used with reversed-phase UHPLC.
Ulcerative Colitis (2011)

Ulcerative colitis is the most common form of inflammatory bowel disease. Its course is often mild, with few complications, and it can be cured by colectomy. Our current understanding of its pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment is reviewed.