gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bienes artísticos e históricos de la Iglesia (2002)

To separate the contributions of cellular and basement membrane components of the alveolar capillary barrier to the increased microvascular permeability induced by high pulmonary venous pressures (Ppv), we subjected isolated rat lungs to increases in Ppv, which increased capillary filtration coefficient (Kfc) without significant hemorrhage (31 cmH2O) and with obvious extravasation of red blood cells (43 cmH2O). Isoproterenol (20 microM) was infused in one group (Iso) to identify a reversible cellular component of injury, and residual blood volumes were measured to assess extravasation of red blood cells through ruptured basement membranes. In untreated lungs (High Ppv group), Kfc increased 6.2 +/- 1.3 and 38.3 +/- 15.2 times baseline during the 31 and 43 cmH2O Ppv states. In Iso lungs, Kfc was 36.2% (P < 0.05) and 64.3% of that in the High Ppv group at these Ppv states. Residual blood volumes calculated from tissue hemoglobin contents were significantly increased by 53-66% in the high Ppv groups, compared with low vascular pressure controls, but there was no significant difference between High Ppv and Iso groups. Thus isoproterenol significantly attenuated vascular pressure-induced Kfc increases at moderate Ppv, possibly because of an endothelial effect, but it did not affect red cell extravasation at higher vascular pressures.
FAD-dependent lysine-specific demethylase-1 regulates cellular energy expenditure (2012)

Environmental factors such as nutritional state may act on the epigenome that consequently contributes to the metabolic adaptation of cells and the organisms. The lysine-specific demethylase-1 (LSD1) is a unique nuclear protein that utilizes flavin adenosine dinucleotide (FAD) as a cofactor. Here we show that LSD1 epigenetically regulates energy-expenditure genes in adipocytes depending on the cellular FAD availability. We find that the loss of LSD1 function, either by short interfering RNA or by selective inhibitors in adipocytes, induces a number of regulators of energy expenditure and mitochondrial metabolism such as PPARγ coactivator-1α resulting in the activation of mitochondrial respiration. In the adipose tissues from mice on a high-fat diet, expression of LSD1-target genes is reduced, compared with that in tissues from mice on a normal diet, which can be reverted by suppressing LSD1 function. Our data suggest a novel mechanism where LSD1 regulates cellular energy balance through coupling with cellular FAD biosynthesis.
Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation in the 21st Century (2020)

Accompanying the aging of populations worldwide, and increased survival with chronic diseases, the incidence and prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) are rising, justifying the term global epidemic. This multifactorial arrhythmia is intertwined with common concomitant cardiovascular diseases, which share classical cardiovascular risk factors. Targeted prevention programs are largely missing. Prevention needs to start at an early age with primordial interventions at the population level. The public health dimension of AF motivates research in modifiable AF risk factors and improved precision in AF prediction and management. In this review, we summarize current knowledge in an attempt to untangle these multifaceted associations from an epidemiological perspective. We discuss disease trends, preventive opportunities offered by underlying risk factors and concomitant disorders, current developments in diagnosis and risk prediction, and prognostic implications of AF and its complications. Finally, we review current technological (eg, eHealth) and methodological (artificial intelligence) advances and their relevance for future prevention and disease management.
Bottom Topography Mapping via Nonlinear Data Assimilation (2011)

Abstract A variational data assimilation method is described for bottom topography mapping in rivers and estuaries using remotely sensed observations of water surface currents. The velocity field and bottom topography are related by the vertically integrated momentum and continuity equations, leading to a nonlinear inverse problem for bottom topography, which is solved using a Picard iteration strategy combined with a nonlinear line search. An illustration of the method is shown for Haverstraw Bay, in the Hudson River, where the known bottom topography is well reconstructed. Once the topography has been estimated, currents and water levels may be forecast. The method makes feasible 1) the estimation of bottom topography in regions where in situ data collection may be impossible, dangerous, or expensive, and 2) the calibration of barotropic shallow-water models via control of the bottom topography.
<title>Framework for efficient processing of content-based fuzzy Cartesian queries</title> (1999)

It has become increasingly important for multimedia databases to provide capabilities for content-based retrieval of multi-modal data at multiple abstraction levels for various decision support applications. These decision support applications commonly require the evaluation of fuzzy spatial or temporal Cartesian product of objects that have been retrieved based on their similarity to the target object in terms of color, shape or texture features.
Adaptive chromatic dispersion controller based on an electro-optically chirped arrayed-waveguide grating (2002)

We propose an electro-optically chirped arrayed-waveguide grating for adaptive chromatic dispersion control. Simulations show /spl plusmn/4460 ps/nm compensation for a 8.8 mm active-section length LiNbO/sub 3/ device. Typical operating voltage is <10 V with 10 /spl mu/m electrode spacing.
An optimal transformation for discriminant and principal component analysis (1988)

A general method is proposed to describe multivariate data sets using discriminant analysis and principal-component analysis. First, the problem of finding K discriminant vectors in an L-class data set is solved and compared to the solution proposed in the literature for two-class problems and the classical solution for L-class data sets. It is shown that the method proposed is better than the classical method for L classes and is a generalization of the optimal set of discriminant vectors proposed for two-class problems. Then the method is combined with a generalized principal-component analysis to permit the user to define the properties of each successive computed vector. All the methods were tested using measurements made on various kinds of flowers (IRIS data).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Essay: Fifty Years of Condensed Matter Physics (2008)

Since the birth of Physical Review Letters fifty years ago, condensed matter physics has seen considerable growth, and both the journal and the field have flourished during this period. In this essay, I begin with some general comments about condensed matter physics and then give some personal views on the conceptual development of the field and list some highlights. The focus is mostly on theoretical developments.
F-QPSK-a superior modulation technique for mobile and personal communications (1993)

A brief review of the principles and properties of F-QPSK (quadrature phase shift keying) modulation is given. Its spectral efficiency is compared with that of Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK) using adjacent channel interference (ACI) as a parameter. It is established that in a noncellular environment, hardlimited F-QPSK has a spectral efficiency of 1.42 b/s/Hz, which is up to 51% more spectrally efficient than GMSK BT=0.5 for ACI=20 dB. F-QPSK's BER performance in AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels is shown to be superior to that of GMSK. The spectral efficiency of the modulations in cellular/microcellular environments where frequency is reused in geographically separate cells to achieve higher capacity is compared. It is shown that the application of F-QPSK in such environment would leads to a 95% increase of system capacity compared to GMSK. It is concluded that the power and spectrally efficient F-QPSK make it an excellent candidate for future high-capacity personal communication system (PCS) networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis and central nervous system depressant activity of some bicyclic amides (1976)

A series of aryl bicyclic analogs of succinimide and glutarimide was prepared and evaluated for CNS depressant activity. The 8a-aryl-3,4,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2H-pyrrolo[2,1-beta][1,3]oxazin-6-ones possessed the best overall spectrum of activity relative to the standard agents glutethimide and phenobarbital.
Formation of Crystalline Cadmium Selenide Nanowires (2011)

Highly crystalline, continuous parallel arrays of CdSe nanowires have been generated through electrodeposition using photoresist templates. Easy soft imprint nanolithography (ESINL) was used to pattern a commercially available photoresist, Norland Optical Adhesive 60 (NOA 60), deposited onto the ITO substrates, prior to electrodeposition. Using the exposed ITO layer as an electrode, a thin film of CdSe was electrodeposited from an electrolyte containing CdCl2, SeO2, and HCl on the substrate, and the resist was subsequently removed in an alkaline developer solution. The resulting CdSe nanowires were 100 nm in thickness, 300–500 nm in width, and several centimeters in length. Imprinted templates were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The SEM analysis confirmed the formation of parallel arrays of nanowires unaffected by the resist lift-off, and the XRD results showed that the CdSe nanowires had a hexagonal structure and that the crystalline structure was unaffected by the photoresist removal.
Acoustooptic modulator intensity servo (1979)

A device has been constructed that combines optical isolation and amplitude noise reduction by the use of a servo controlled acoustooptic intensity modulator. The isolation can, in principle, be perfect while the noise reduction can be significant up to about 100 kHz and as large as 80 dB at low frequency. This performance is accomplished by applying negative feedback around an acoustooptic modulator, servoing the intensity of the Bragg diffracted beam to a constant value.
Structural Similarities between MutT and the C-Terminal Domain of MutY (2000)

One of the functions of MutY from Escherchia coli is removal of adenine mispaired with 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), a common lesion in oxidatively damaged DNA. MutY is composed of two domains: the larger N-terminal domain (p26) contains the catalytic properties of the enzyme while the C-terminal domain (p13) affects substrate recognition and enzyme turnover. On the basis of sequence analyses, it has been recently suggested that the C-terminal domain is distantly related to MutT, a dNTPase which hydrolyzes 8-oxo-dGTP [Noll et al. (1999) Biochemistry 38, 6374-6379]. We have studied the solution structure of the C-terminal domain of MutY by NMR and find striking similarity with the reported solution structure of MutT. Despite low sequence identity between the two proteins, they have similar secondary structure and topology. The C-terminal domain of MutY is composed of two alpha-helices and five beta-strands. The NOESY data indicate that the protein has two beta-sheets. MutT is also a mixed alpha/beta protein with two helices and two beta-sheets composed of five strands. The secondary structure elements are similarly arranged in the two proteins.
Sensitization to different species of Aspergillus in bakery workers and general atopic population. (1998)

Six species of Aspergillus predominant in the bakery environment--Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, A. ochraceous, A. sydowi and A. versicolor--were studied for their role in causing Type 1 hypersensitivity among bakery workers and atopic patients from the general population (PGP). Antigenic extracts from the above species were prepared for in vivo and in vitro studies. The IEF, SDS-PAGE, skin test, ELISA and immunoblot techniques were performed to detect the biochemical- and clinico-immunological characteristics of these species. Among those tested, the important fungal sensitizers among the bakery workers and patients from the general population were A. sydowi, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans and A. ochraceous. The protein fractions of different species were in the acidic region (pI 3.0-6.5) and in the molecular weight range of 13.0-91.0 kDa. The protein fraction of 44.0 kDA of A. flavus and 20.0 and 70.0 kDa for A. fumigatus showed IgE binding in the sera of bakery workers only. Significantly, raised IgG antibodies to different species were recorded among the bakery workers as compared to the PGP group. The study showed that different species of Aspergillus are of potential allergenic significance in bakery workers and the general atopic population.
Anaplasma marginale in tick cell culture. (1989)

Anaplasma marginale was propagated in a tick cell line derived from Dermacentor variabilis embryos. The rickettsial organism was identified and monitored in culture by transmission electron microscopy and the indirect immunofluorescence technique, using specific monoclonal antibodies. Inoculation of the embryonic tick cell line with midguts of infected adult ticks (culture 1), nymphal ticks (culture 2) and adult ticks that were infected as nymphs and dissected as adults (culture 3) resulted in 3 continuous cultures of A marginale. Culture 1 had been maintained through 22 passages over a 11-month period; cultures 2 and 3 had been maintained for 18 passages over a 9-month period. Growth of A marginale in the cell line began in the area of the nuclear membrane at approximately 4 days after inoculation or transfer. Thereafter, the organisms were observed in inclusions scattered throughout the cytoplasm of the host cells. Maximal growth of the organism occurred at 7 to 14 days, after which numbers of inclusions rapidly decreased to minimal or undetectable levels. The organism began new cycles of growth with each 1:5 to 1:10 split and transfer of the host cells. Electron microscopy of recently infected cells revealed a morphology of the organism that closely resembled that observed in marginal bodies of infected erythrocytes. After several passages, A marginale organisms had a varied morphology and resembled the organism described in midgut cells of naturally infected ticks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Extending and simulating the quantum binomial options pricing model (2009)

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1641-5388
Adaptive Beamforming and Spatial Multiplexing of Unicast and Multicast Services (2006)

This paper evaluates and compares different adaptive antenna techniques applied in the context of multicast services and presents a methodology for performing the spatial multiplexing of both unicast and multicast users. It is seen that adaptive beamforming is able to provide good results even for large groups of multicast users. A fair multicast beamforming algorithm is proposed, which focuses on the performance of the worst multicast user and particularly benefits from scenarios with strong line-of-sight. Additionally, grouping strategies that allow the allocation of the same resources to unicast and multicast users, and which make use of the proposed spatial multiplexing procedure, are shown to be more efficient than allocating separate resources to unicast and multicast users.
미국의 동아시아 전략과 동북아 지역안보: 현황과 전망 (2004)

냉전 해체 이후 동북아에서도 미약한 수준에서나마 다자주의적 안보 거버넌스의 출현 가능성이 제기되고 있다. 그러나 부시정부의 등장과 9.11 테러 이후 미국의 세계전략은 신보수주의로 기울고 있고, 미국은 더욱 적극적이고 공세적인 확신-단념-억지-패배에 입각한 동아시아 안보 전략 개념을 도입하였다. 따라서 동북아에서의 다자주의 안보레짐의 미래는 민족주의의 부활과 한국문제의 미해결이라는 이중적 제약조건에 처해 있다. 이러한 제약 조건에서 한국의 외교적 선택은 한미동맹을 강화할 필요가 있다. 왜냐하면 첫째, 중국의 신패권주의와 일본의 재무장을 제어하고 둘째, 북핵 문제 해결 이후에도 지속적으로 대북포용정책을 추진하고 셋째, 동북아 평화번영의 중추를 실현할 수 있기 때문이다.
Mid-Infrared Volume Phase Gratings Manufactured using Ultrafast Laser Inscription (2013)

We report on the ultrafast laser inscription (ULI) of volume phase gratings inside gallium lanthanum sulphide (GLS) chalcogenide glass substrates. The effect of laser pulse energy and grating thickness on the dispersive properties of the gratings is investigated, with the aim of improving the performance of the gratings in the mid-infrared. The grating with the optimum performance in the mid-infrared exhibited a 1st order absolute diffraction efficiency of 61% at 1300 nm and 24% at 2640 nm. Based on the work reported here, we conclude that ULI is promising for the fabrication of mid-infrared volume phase gratings, with potential applications including astronomical instrumentation and remote sensing.
Tioga: Providing Data Management Support for Scientific Visualization Applications (1993)

We present a user interface paradigm for database management systems motivated by scientific visualization applications. Our graphical user interface includes a &quot;boxes and arrows&quot; notation for database access and a flight simulator model of movement through information space. We also provide means to specify a hierarchy of abstracts of data of different types and resolutions. In addition, multiple portals on data may be related as master and slaves. The underlying DBMS support for this system includes the compilation of query plans into megaplans, new algorithms for data buffering, and provisions for a guaranteed rate of delivery. 1 Introduction Scientific visualization applications often deal with data objects of very large sizes. Examples include large regular arrays such as those found in global circulation models[Mech91] as well as in remote sensing applications[Dozi89]. Also prevalent are large data structures modeling roads, drainage networks, vegetation patterns, etc. that are...
Translation Control by Protein Kinase R Restricts Minute Virus of Mice Infection: Role in Parvovirus Oncolysis (2010)

The relevance of translational control in the gene expression and oncotropism of the autonomous parvoviruses was investigated with MVMp, the prototype strain of minute virus of mice (MVM), infecting normal and transformed rodent and human cells of different tissue origins. Mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) and NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were resistant to MVMp infection, but 3T3 fibroblasts derived from double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase R (PKR) knockout mice (PKR(o/o)) behaved in a manner that was highly permissive to productive MVMp replication. NIH 3T3 resistance correlated with significant phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) occurring at early time points after infection. Permissive PKR(o/o) cells were converted to MVMp-restrictive cells after reintroduction of the PKR gene by transfection. Conversely, regulated expression of the vaccinia virus E3 protein, a PKR inhibitor, in MEFs prevented eIF2alpha phosphorylation and increased MVMp protein synthesis. In vitro-synthesized genome-length R1 mRNA of MVMp was a potent activator of PKR. Virus-resistant primary MEFs and NIH 3T3 cells responded to MVMp infection with significant increases in eIF2alpha phosphorylation. In contrast, virus-permissive mouse (PKR(o/o), BHK21, and A9) and human transformed (NB324K fibroblast, U373 glioma, and HepG2 hepatoma) cells consistently showed no significant increase in the level of eIF2alpha phosphorylation following MVMp infection. The synthesis of the viral NS1 protein was inversely correlated with the steady-state PKR levels. Our results show that the PKR-mediated antiviral response is an important mechanism for control of productive MVMp infection, and its impairment in human transformed cells allowed efficient MVMp gene expression. PKR translational control may therefore contribute to the oncolysis of MVMp and other autonomous parvoviruses.
Thermal conductivities of naked and monolayer protected metal nanoparticle based nanofluids: Manifestation of anomalous enhancement and chemical effects (2003)

Thermal conductivities of two kinds of Au nanoparticles were measured in water and toluene media. The water soluble particles, 10–20 nm in mean diameter, made with citrate stabilization showed thermal conductivity enhancement of 5%–21% in the temperature range of 30–60 °C at a loading of 0.000 26 (by volume). The effect was 7%–14% for Au particles stabilized with a monolayer of octadecanethiol even for a loading of 0.011%. Comparatively lower thermal conductivity enhancement was observed for larger diameter Ag particles for significantly higher loading. Effective enhancement of 9%, even at vanishing concentrations, points to additional factors in the thermal conductivity mechanism in nanofluids. Results also point to important chemical factors such as the need for direct contact of the metal surface with the solvent medium to improve enhancement.
High-Accuracy DNA Sequence Variation Screening by DHPLC (2000)

Genetic maps based on biallelic single-nucleotide polymorphisms amenable to microarray-based genotyping have significantly accelerated the mapping of mono- and multigenic traits in model organisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana. This advance needs to be matched by highly accurate, inexpensive and robust methodology for fine-structure mapping of the candidate region(s) and the eventual identification of the causative mutation(s). To establish the usefulness of denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) for those purposes, we have amplified 476 fragments from two A. thaliana ecotypes with an average length of 563 bp covering various candidate regions on chromosomes 1, 2 and 4. Parallel analysis by DHPLC and dye terminator sequencing showed that DHPLC detected 165 out of 166 polymorphic fragments with only four false positives, amounting to a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 99.4%, 98.7% and 99%, respectively. It proved beneficial to analyze the fragments not only at the highest but also at the lower temperatures recommended by the algorithm freely available at http:¿insertion.stanford.edu/melt.html.
Changes in Activities of Enzymes Related to Malate-Aspartate Shuttle in Leukocytes from Dogs Given a Herb Supplement. (2001)

Changes in activities of enzymes related to the malate-aspartate shuttle were measured in leukocytes (WBC) from dogs given food supplemented with 2 mg/kg of herb powder, Echevaria glauca, every day for 4 weeks. There were no significant differences in plasma concentrations of glucose, immunoreactive insulin, free fatty acids and triglyceride between dogs given food with or without the herb supplementation. Activities of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the malate-aspartate shuttle increased remarkably in mitochondria of WBC from dogs fed the herb supplementation. It is suggested that Echevaria glauca herb supplementation might activate NADH shuttle systems and mitochondrial energy metabolism in dogs.
Cluster-based probability model applied to image restoration and compression (2002)

The performance of a statistical signal processing system is determined in large part by the accuracy of the probabilistic model it employs. Accurate modeling often requires working in several dimensions, but doing so can introduce dimensionality-related difficulties. A previously introduced model circumvents some of these difficulties while maintaining accuracy sufficient to account for much of the high-order, nonlinear statistical interdependence of samples. Properties of this model are reviewed, and its power demonstrated by application to image restoration and compression. Also described is a vector quantization (VQ) scheme which employs the model in entropy coding a Z/sup N/-lattice. The scheme has the advantage over standard VQ of bounding maximum instantaneous errors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>