gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Control of omini-directional mobile vehicle for obstacle avoidance using potential function method (2013)

This paper proposes a tracking controller for obstacle avoidance of an omni-directional mobile vehicle (OMV) using potential function method through a ceiling-mounted camera system. To do this task, the followings were done. At first, for image processing, a ceiling-mounted camera system was installed to get images. The goal point and obstacles were separated and recognized by a color recognition method. Second, potential function method was proposed to generate the shortest path to avoid obstacles from the start point to the goal point. The mobile platform is a mecanum wheel omni-directional vehicle. Third, the tracking controller is designed for the OMV to track a trajectory generated by a path planning algorithm based on the backstepping method using Lyapunov function. Finally, the simulation results were presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed trajectory planning algorithm and tracking controller for obstacle avoidance of the OMV.
An environment for runtime power monitoring of wireless sensor network platforms (2005)

Wireless sensor networks emerged as a key technology for prolonged, unsupervised monitoring in a wide spectrum of applications, from biological and environmental to civil and military. The sensor networks should operate autonomously for a long period of time under stringent resource and energy constraints. Energy conservation and power-awareness have become a focus of a number of research efforts, as sensor network nodes must operate on batteries or use energy extracted from the environment, such as solar energy or vibrations. Runtime power measurements and characterization of real existing systems are crucial for studies that target power optimizations, including techniques for dynamic adaptation based on the current energy status. This paper introduces an environment for unobtrusive real-time power monitoring that could be used for a number of wireless sensor platforms. We describe our methodology for calibration and validation of the environment and give empirical data for the Telos wireless sensor platform when it runs a subset of representative applications.
Regulation of Glucosyl- and Fructosyltransferase Synthesis by Continuous Cultures of Streptococcus mutans (1979)

Streptococcus mutans strains Ingbritt, and its derivative B7 which had been passaged through monkeys, have been used to investigate how the synthesis of extracellular glucosyl- and fructosyltransferases is regulated. The most active enzyme from carbon-limited continuous cultures was a fructosyltransferase; enzymes catalysing the formation of water-insoluble glucans from sucrose were relatively inactive. Dextransucrase (EC 2.4.1.5), which catalyses soluble glucan synthesis, was most active in the supernatant fluid from cultures grown with excess glucose, fructose or sucrose, but full activity was detected only when the enzyme was incubated with both sucrose and dextran. Little dextransucrase activity was detected in carbon-limited cultures. It is concluded that glucosyl- and fructosyltransferases are constitutive enzymes in that they are synthesized at similar rates during growth with an excess of the substrate or of the products of the reactions which they catalyse. Although the Ingbritt strain was originally isolated from a carious lesion, it is now a poor source of glucosyltransferase activity. Glucosyltransferases were extremely active in cultures of a recent clinical isolate, strain 3209, and were apparently induced during growth with excess glucose.
A Study of Thermal Transpiration for the Development of a New Type of Gas Pump (1969)

Thermal transpiration, the phenomenon of the flow of gases through porous media under the influence of a temperature gradient, can be utilized as a driving force in a new type of gas pump. A parametric study for determining conditions for the optimum performance of such a pump requires, in addition to the thermal transpiration measurements, appropriate independent measurements for determining the geometric properties of the porous media. Experiments were carried out on five porous ceramics and two Millipore fillers of different geometric properties. It was found that a maximum reduced efficiency of about 1 percent can be achieved with a thermal pump under optimum conditions. Equations based on the methods of nonequilibrium thermodynamics and the dusty-gas theory satisfactorily explain the experimental results and thus allow the prediction of pump performance for given conditions.
In the Absence of Endogenous Mouse Apolipoprotein E, Apolipoprotein E*2(Arg-158 → Cys) Transgenic Mice Develop More Severe Hyperlipoproteinemia than Apolipoprotein E*3-Leiden Transgenic Mice (1996)

Apolipoprotein E*2(Arg-158 --> Cys) (APOE*2) transgenic mice were generated and compared to the previously generated apolipoprotein E*3-Leiden (APOE*3-Leiden) transgenic mice to study the variable expression of hyperlipoproteinemia associated with these two APOE variants. In the presence of the endogenous mouse Apoe gene, the expression of the APOE*3-Leiden gene resulted in slightly elevated levels of serum cholesterol as compared with control mice (2.7 +/- 0. 5 versus 2.1 +/- 0.2 mmol/liter, respectively), whereas the expression of the APOE*2(Arg-158 --> Cys) gene did not affect serum cholesterol levels, even after high/fat cholesterol feeding. The extreme cholesterol level usually found in apoE-deficient mice (Apoe-/- mice; 23.6 +/- 5.0 mmol/liter) could be rescued by introducing the APOE*3-Leiden gene (APOE*3-Leiden.Apoe-/-; 3.6 +/- 1. 5 mmol/liter), whereas the expression of the APOE*2(Arg-158 --> Cys) gene in Apoe-/- mice minimally reduced serum cholesterol levels (APOE*2.Apoe-/-; 16.6 +/- 2.9 mmol/liter). In vivo very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) turnover studies revealed that APOE*2.Apoe-/- VLDL and APOE*3-Leiden.Apoe-/- VLDL display strongly reduced fractional catabolic rates as compared with control mouse VLDL (4.0 and 6.1 versus 22.1 pools/h). In vitro low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor binding studies using HepG2 and J774 cells showed that APOE*2. Apoe-/- VLDL is completely defective in binding to the LDL receptor, whereas APOE*3-Leiden.Apoe-/- VLDL still displayed a considerable binding activity to the LDL receptor. After transfection of APOE*2.Apoe-/- and APOE*3-Leiden.Apoe-/- mice with adenovirus carrying the gene for the receptor-associated protein (AdCMV-RAP), serum lipid levels strongly increased (15.3 to 42.8 and 1.4 to 15.3 mmol/liter for cholesterol and 5.0 to 35.7 and 0.3 to 20. 7 mmol/liter for triglycerides, respectively). This indicates that RAP-sensitive receptors, possibly the LDL receptor-related protein (LRP), mediate the plasma clearance of both APOE*2.Apoe-/- and APOE*3-Leiden. Apoe-/- VLDL. We conclude that in vivo the APOE*2 variant is completely defective in LDL receptor binding but not in binding to LRP, whereas for the APOE*3-Leiden mutant both LRP and LDL receptor binding activity are only mildly affected. As a consequence of this difference, APOE*2.Apoe-/- develop more severe hypercholesterolemia than APOE*3-Leiden.Apoe-/- mice.
Short Related Sequences in the Cytoplasmic Domains of CD4 and CD8 Mediate Binding to the Amino-Terminal Domain of the p56 <i> <sup>lck</sup> </i> Tyrosine Protein Kinase (1990)

We report that the cytoplasmic domains of the T-lymphocyte glycoproteins CD4 and CD8 alpha contain short related amino acid sequences that are involved in binding the amino-terminal domain of the intracellular tyrosine protein kinase, p56lck. Transfer of as few as six amino acid residues from the cytoplasmic domain of the CD8 alpha protein to the cytoplasmic domain of an unrelated protein conferred p56lck binding to the hybrid protein in HeLa cells. The common sequence motif shared by CD4 and CD8 alpha contains two cysteines, and mutation of either cysteine in the CD4 sequence eliminated binding of p56lck.p56lck also contains two cysteine residues within its CD4-CD8 alpha-binding domain, and both are critical to the interaction with CD4 or CD8 alpha. Because the interaction does not involve disulfide bond formation, a metal ion could stabilize the complex.
Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Sewage Sludge and Concentrated Soluble Wastewaters (1993)

The anaerobic treatment of sewage sludges (primary and secondary) mixed to concentrated soluble wastes (olive mill effluents, cheese whey and landfill leacheate) in conventional once-through and anaerobic contact digesters, has been investigated in laboratory scale reactors. Experimental results indicate that it is possible to increase appreciably (100 %) the volumetric loading rate of sludge digesters (anaerobic contact) by addition of soluble substrates and keep stable operating conditions. The proposed treatment is economically very attractive if the load due to high strength wastewaters is of the same magnitude as the sludge load, as it does not require additional reactor volume.
Sequential Dengue Virus Infections in the White-Handed Gibbon (Hylobates Lar) (1970)

Gibbons (Hylobates lar) were used for the study of sequential dengue infections with the four dengue serotypes in an attempt to determine the extent of heterologous immunity conferred by infection. Thirty-three splenectomized young adult and six normal juvenile gibbons were infected with low-passage strains of each of the four dengue viruses in various sequences. It was found that in gibbons infected initially with dengue-2, 3, or 4 virus a second viremia developed after heterologous challenge with dengue-1, 2, or 4 virus but not with dengue-3 virus. In gibbons infected initially with dengue-1 virus no viremia developed on heterologous challenge, but all animals showed a significant increase in HI-antibody level after such challenge. In all instances gibbons were immune to homologous challenge. Third viremias could be induced regularly with a dengue-2-4-1 infection sequence. Neutralizing and HI antibodies to the challenge virus were present in all animals at the time of challenge. These antibodies were of low titer except for the gibbons infected initially with dengue-1 virus. No correlation was found between the antibody titer at the time of challenge and the development of a second viremia. No clinical signs that could be definitely attributed to the infection were noted in any of the infected gibbons.
<p>New Insights into the Mechanism of Action of Viloxazine: Serotonin and Norepinephrine Modulating Properties</p> (2020)

Viloxazine's ability to increase 5-HT levels in the PFC and its agonistic and antagonistic effects on certain 5-HT receptor subtypes, which were previously shown to suppress hyperlocomotion in animals, indicate that 5-HT modulating activity of viloxazine is an important (if not the predominant) component of its MoA, complemented by moderate NET inhibition. Supported by clinical data, these findings suggest the updated psychopharmacological profile of viloxazine can be best explained by its action as a serotonin norepinephrine modulating agent (SNMA).
Total Synthesis of Lipoteichoic Acid of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (2010)

Mixed signals: The glycophospholipid 1, consisting of two cholinylphospho-GalNAc units, two 2-acetamino-4-amino-2,4,6-trideoxygalactose rings, three glucose residues each with different linkages to other sugar units, and a ribitolphosphate residue, has been synthesized. Target 1 is recognized by the immune system, but not by the TLR-2 signaling receptor as previously postulated. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Phosphate Bound Universal Linker for DNA Synthesis (1999)

A uridine-based linker immobilized onto polystyrene beads at the 5' terminus via a phosphodiester group and then used as a universal DNA synthesis support gives post synthesis DNA cleavage in 8 hrs or less without alkali metal salts. DNA produced with the new support was analyzed by HPLC, MALDI mass spectroscopy and PAGE. Each analysis showed DNA of equivalent quality to that produced with standard CPG supports, without contaminating materials resulting from linker or support backbone decomposition.
An Efficient Synthesis of Optically Active Physostigmine from Tryptophan via Alkylative Cyclization (2000)

[reaction: see text] A new and efficient synthetic route to physostigmine is described. Corey-Kim reagent reacted with tryptamine or tryptophan carbamates to give 3a-(methylthiomethyl)hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole skeletons. Formal total synthesis of racemic and chiral physostigmine was accomplished in excellent overall yields, in short steps.
Intershell Conductance of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (2002)

Multiprobe electrical transport measurements on individual multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are described. Using a method by which single carbon shells can be removed from a MWNT [1,2], the intershell contributions to the conductance can be separated from the intrashell contributions. This measurement directly probes the electronic coupling between shells, and clearly demonstrates the Arrhenius temperature dependence of this coupling.
Flow Behaviour of Magnetorheological Fluids, Considering the Challenge of Sealing in Blank Hydroforming in the Flange Area with Rectangular Leakage Area Cross-Sections (2011)

The need of light weight constructions and parts with tailored or even more homogeneous mechanical properties especially for structural components leads to the use of alternative forming technologies. These forming processes like sheet metal hydroforming are established to gain more flexibility and to increase the forming limits. But to apply this forming technology successfully, it is necessary to overcome some obstacles. One typical challenge for hydroforming of blanks, which has prevented further application of this technology, is the sealing of the cavity in the flange area. Nowadays there are a lot of basic approaches to accomplish a sealing in this tool area. Commonly a sealing can be reached by increasing the contact pressure in the outer region of the blank. This approach reduces the possible blank draw in and hence abates the possible realisation of complex part geometries. One possible approach to increase the ratio between cavity pressure and contact pressure in the flange area is the choice of a capable active fluid medium. The aim is to reduce the contact pressure in the flange area and nevertheless ensure a complete sealing. In this case the magnetorheological fluid (MR-fluid) BASF Basonetic 5030 is used as a pressure medium for hydroforming. For characterizing this fluid under different amounts of magnetic flux density and in comparison to a common hydraulic medium, an experimental setup was built up to gain process relevant data for hydroforming processes. Therefore different experiments were carried out with different media and different flux densities for the MR-fluid. To get more information about the mode of action and the accessible amounts of cavity pressure and related contact pressures in the flange area, these two process parameters were varied.
Event Driven Monitoring of Composite Services (2013)

The Future Internet will be populated by not just data and devices, but also services. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) approaches are allowing new ways for users and developers to manage, control and benefit from the services that are being made available. However, SOA-based applications are highly dynamic and liable to change significantly at runtime. This justifies the need for monitoring composed services throughout the lifetime of service execution. In this paper we present a novel framework for monitoring services at runtime and ensuring that services behave as they have promised. The framework enables monitoring of both atomic and composite services and offers high flexibility through the use of Complex Event Processing (CEP). Services are defined as Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) processes which can then be monitored during execution. The use of CEP and monitoring points that are inserted automatically between services allows the method to be more flexible and accurate than existing techniques.
A System-level Mixed DFT-TAM Structure For SoC Design (2005)

With the increasing complexity and chip scale of SoC, the test problem is becoming more difficult and important. Adding DFT (design for testability) in SoC design period has become the main method for solving the test problem. Based on analyzing some common DFT structures such as Fscan-Bscan, Fscan-Tbus, and the standard for embedded core test (SECT) IEEE P1500, a system-level mixed DFT-TAM (test access mechanism) structure has been presented in this paper. In this structure, different DFT methods are applied in different characteristic IP (intellectual property) cores to pursue the reasonable testing cost, then, a more flexible TAM is built in the system level for achieving every IP core test and testing the connection faults between two IP cores. By some experiments with the programmable video add data (VAD) SoC introduced in this paper, the higher fault coverage and lower test cost could be gotten
Artifact-Free In-Stent Lumen Visualization by Standard Magnetic Resonance Angiography Using a New Metallic Magnetic Resonance Imaging Stent (2002)

The examined prototypes of fully MR-compatible MRI stents allow artifact-free visualization of the stent lumen with phase-contrast and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted angiography, as well as phase-contrast flow measurements in the stented area.
A novel antagonist of prostaglandin D<sub>2</sub> blocks the locomotion of eosinophils and basophils (2008)

AZ11665362 is a potent CRTH2 antagonist that is capable of blocking the migration of eosinophils and basophils, and the rapid mobilization of eosinophils from bone marrow. AZ11665362 might hence be useful for the treatment of allergic diseases.
Characterization of Desmoglein Expression in the Normal Prostatic Gland. Desmoglein 2 Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Aggressive Prostate Cancer (2014)

Here we report for the first time that a low DSG2 expression phenotype is a useful prognostic biomarker of tumor aggressiveness and may serve as an aid in identifying patients with clinically significant prostate cancer.
Recovery of the 3-D shape of the left ventricle from echocardiographic images (1995)

A computational method is reported which allows the fully automated recovery of the three-dimensional shape of the cardiac left ventricle from a reduced set of apical echo views. Two typically ill-posed problems have been faced: 1) the detection of the left ventricle contours in each view, and 2) the integration of the detected contour points (which form a sparse and partially inconsistent data set) into a single surface representation. The authors' solution to these problems is based on a careful integration of standard computer vision algorithms with neural networks. Boundary detection comprises three steps: edge detection, edge grouping, and edge classification. The first and second steps (which are typical early-vision tasks not involving specific domain-knowledge) have been performed through fast, well-established algorithms of computer vision. The higher level task of left ventricle-edge discrimination, which involves the exploitation of specific knowledge about the left ventricle silhouette, has been performed by feedforward neural networks. Following the most recent results in the field of computer vision, the first step in solving the problem of recovering the ventricle surface has been the adoption of a physically inspired model of it. Basically, the authors have modeled the left ventricle surface as a closed, thin, elastic surface and the data as a set of radial springs acting on it. The recovery process is equivalent to the settling of the surface-plus-springs system into a stable configuration of minimum potential energy. The finite element discretization of this model leads directly to an analog neural-network implementation. The efficiency of such an implementation has been remarkably enhanced through a learning algorithm which embeds specific knowledge about the shape of the left ventricle in the network. Experiments using clinical echographic sequences are described. Four apical views (each with a different rotation of the probe) have been acquired during a heartbeat from a set of seven normal subjects. These images have been utilized to set the various processing modules and test their capabilities.
Novel rubidium atomic beam with an alkali dispenser source (2004)

We describe a novel atomic beam apparatus with a resistively heated alkali dispenser source and a cold-pumped intermediate chamber. Using laser fluorescence spectroscopy we have measured the atomic density to be 3×1011atoms∕m3 and the total flux to be 5×108atoms∕s in a 0.3cm diameter beam. We have also characterized the velocity distribution of the source based on the Doppler-shifted fluorescence spectrum. The compact geometry, flexibility, and simplicity of the beam may make it useful as an optical frequency reference or for experiments on atom-cooling.
miR‐181b modulates multidrug resistance by targeting BCL2 in human cancer cell lines (2010)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA molecules, which posttranscriptionally regulate genes expression and play crucial roles in diverse biological processes, such as development, differentiation, apoptosis and proliferation. Here, we investigated the possible role of miRNAs in the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in human gastric and lung cancer cell lines. We found that miR-181b was downregulated in both multidrug-resistant human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/vincristine (VCR) and multidrug-resistant human lung cancer cell line A549/cisplatin (CDDP), and the downregulation of miR-181b in SGC7901/VCR and A549/CDDP cells was concurrent with the upregulation of BCL2 protein, compared with the parental SGC7901 and A549 cell lines, respectively. In vitro drug sensitivity assay demonstrated that overexpression of miR-181b sensitized SGC7901/VCR and A549/CDDP cells to anticancer drugs, respectively. The luciferase activity of a BCL2 3'-untranslated region-based reporter construct in SGC7901/VCR and A549/CDDP cells suggests that a new target site in the 3'UTR of BCL2 of the mature miR-181s (miR-181a, miR-181b, miR-181c and miR-181d) was found. Enforced miR-181b expression reduced BCL2 protein level and sensitized SGC7901/VCR and A549/CDDP cells to VCR-induced and CDDP-induced apoptosis, respectively. Taken together, our findings suggest that miR-181b could play a role in the development of MDR in both gastric and lung cancer cell lines, at least in part, by modulation of apoptosis via targeting BCL2.
A constraint-based scheduler for batch manufacturing (1997)

Batch manufacturing poses unique challenges to schedulers. The manufacturing processes are unpredictable, the environment is dynamic, and the required task and resource models are complicated. The Honeywell batch scheduler uses constraint envelope scheduling to address these needs, offering support for both schedule modifications and rescheduling. The authors are reimplementing the scheduler as production quality software. They describe the process of building the scheduler and lessons learned during this process.