gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human-resources practices of TQM hotels (1996)

Aligning human-resources practices with total-quality initiatives requires fundamental changes in the way hotel organizations train, empower, evaluate, and reward individuals and teams. Total quality management is more than simply another operations-improvement program. Instead it must be ingrained in a company's culture at all levels. Interviews with human-resources professionals, general managers, and TQM experts in eight hotel companies that belong to the AH&MA's Committee for Quality reveal that specific HR practices are needed to support a TQM culture. Among the key practices are employee involvement in operating decisions, appropriate measurement and rewards for accomplishments, training for TQM, and a secure, safe working environment. Even though these hotel organizations are recognized for their TQM achievements, respondents identified needed improvements in HR practices regarding selection, promotion, career development, and tracking of measurable outcomes.
A review of the therapeutic uses of thrombin (2004)

Thrombin is the product of the hemostatic response essential to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. In addition, it is also responsible for the aggregation of blood platelets in the formation of the "platelet plug" as well as the activation of factor VIII, factor V, factor XI, factor XIII and protein C. The action of thrombin is not confined to the hemostatic response as it also has a critical function in the wound healing process by stimulating 'mitogenic' events through interaction with cell surface receptors. In this review, we consider the various biological activities of thrombin as they relate to current therapeutic use. While there has been considerable interest in the development of fibrin sealant products, there has been considerably less interest in documenting the continuing use of thrombin as a therapeutic. The use of thrombin for topical hemostasis and the treatment of pseudoaneurysms will be discussed in detail. It is concluded that the use of thrombin as a drug will not only continue but also will significantly increase. However, the availability of a safe human thrombin preparation will be critical for the continued use of thrombin as a therapeutic.
Functional dependency for verification reduction (2004)

Abstract. The existence of functional dependency among the state variables of a state transition system was identified as a common cause of inefficient BDD representation in formal verification. Eliminating such dependency from the system compacts the state space and may significantly reduce the verification cost. Despite the importance, how to detect functional dependency without or before knowing the reachable state set remains a challenge. This paper tackles this problem by unifying two closely related, but scattered, studies — detecting signal correspondence and exploiting functional dependency. The prior work on either subject turns out to be a special case of our formulation. Unlike previous approaches, we detect dependency directly from transition functions rather than from reached state sets. Thus, reachability analysis is not a necessity for exploiting dependency. In addition, our procedure can be integrated into reachability analysis as an on-the-fly reduction. Preliminary experiments demonstrate promising results of extracting functional dependency without reachability analysis. Dependencies that were underivable before, due to the limitation of reachability analysis on large transition systems, can now be computed efficiently. For the application to verification, reachability analysis is shown to have substantial reduction in both memory and time consumptions. 1
Postmenopausal spinal osteoporosis: flexion versus extension exercises. (1984)

Fifty-nine women with postmenopausal spinal osteoporosis and back pain were instructed in a treatment program that included extension exercises (E) for 25 patients, flexion exercises (F) for 9, combined (E + F) exercises for 19, or no therapeutic exercises (N) for 6. Ages ranged from 49 to 60 years (mean, 56 years). Follow-up ranged from one to six years (means for the groups, 1.4 to 2 years). All patients had spine x-ray studies before treatment and at follow-up, at which time any further wedging and compression fractures were recorded. Additional fractures occurred as follows: group E, 16%; F, 89%; E + F, 53%; and N, 67%. In comparison with group E, the occurrence of wedging or compression fractures was significantly higher in group F (p less than 0.001) and group E + F (p less than 0.01). This study suggests that a significantly higher number of vertebral compression fractures occur in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis who followed a flexion exercise program compared with those using extension exercises. Extension or isometric exercises seem to be more appropriate for patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.
A Pathway for Conformational Diversity in Proteins Mediated by Intramolecular Chaperones (1999)

Conformational diversity within unique amino acid sequences is observed in diseases like scrapie and Alzheimer's disease. The molecular basis of such diversity is unknown. Similar phenomena occur in subtilisin, a serine protease homologous with eukaryotic pro-hormone convertases. The subtilisin propeptide functions as an intramolecular chaperone (IMC) that imparts steric information during folding but is not required for enzymatic activity. Point mutations within IMCs alter folding, resulting in structural conformers that specifically interact with their cognate IMCs in a process termed "protein memory." Here, we show a mechanism that mediates conformational diversity in subtilisin. During maturation, while the IMC is autocleaved and subsequently degraded by the active site of subtilisin, enzymatic properties of this site differ significantly before and after cleavage. Although subtilisin folded by Ile-48 --> Thr IMC (IMCI-48T) acquires an "altered" enzymatically active conformation (SubI-48T) significantly different from wild-type subtilisin (SubWT), both precursors undergo autocleavage at similar rates. IMC cleavage initiates conformational changes during which the IMC continues its chaperoning function subsequent to its cleavage from subtilisin. Structural imprinting resulting in conformational diversity originates during this reorganization stage and is a late folding event catalyzed by autocleavage of the IMC.
A scalable control topology for multicast communications (2002)

Large-scale multicast applications for the Internet require the availability of multicast protocols that enhance the basic connectionless IP multicast service. A critical requirement of such protocols in their ability to support a large group of simultaneous users. In this paper, we present a new approach for distributing control information within a multicast group. The goal of our approach is to scale to very large group sizes (in excess of 100,000 users). Multicast group members are organized as a logical n-dimensional hypercube, and all control information is transmitted along the edges of the hypercube. We analyze the scalability of the hypercube control topology and show that the hypercube balances the load per member for processing control information better than existing topologies.
A Distributorless Ignition System - Solid State High Voltage Distribution with Low RFI Emissions (1978)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">By utilizing high voltage diodes, a special ignition coil, and a special electronic module, a distributorless ignition system (DIS) having solid state high voltage distribution has been designed and constructed. The ignition coil has two opposite polarity high voltage outputs that alternate in phase upon each firing. Each high voltage terminal is connected to two spark plugs through a pair of high voltage diodes that are arranged in back-to-back polarity. The basic DIS package is suitable for igniting a four cylinder engine. DIS has significant advantages in the areas of RFI emissions, packaging, and “rotor registration”.</div>
Wrist ambulatory monitoring system and smart glove for real time emotional, sensorial and physiological analysis (2005)

Improvement of the quality and efficiency of the quality of health in medicine, at home and in hospital becomes more and more important Designed to be user-friendly, smart clothes and gloves fit well for such a citizen use and health monitoring. Analysis of the autonomic nervous system using non-invasive sensors provides information for the emotional, sensorial, cognitive and physiological analysis. MARSIAN (modular autonomous recorder system for the measurement of autonomic nervous system) is a wrist ambulatory monitoring and recording system with a smart glove with sensors for the detection of the activity of the autonomic nervous system. It is composed of a "smart tee shirt", a "smart glove", a wrist device and PC which records data. The smart glove is one of the key point of MARSIAN. Complex movements, complex geometry, sensation make smart glove designing a challenge. MARSIAN has a large field of applications and researches (vigilance, behaviour, sensorial analysis, thermal environment for human, cognition science, sport, etc...) in various fields like neurophysiology, affective computing and health monitoring.
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 stimulates mesenchymal growth and regulates epithelial branching during morphogenesis of the rat metanephros (1999)

Development of the embryonic kidney results from reciprocal signaling between the ureteric bud and the metanephric mesenchyme. To identify the signaling molecules, we developed an assay in which metanephric mesenchymes are rescued from apoptosis by factors secreted from ureteric bud cells (UB cells). Purification and sequencing of one such factor identified the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) as a metanephric mesenchymal growth factor. Growth activity was unlikely due to TIMP-2 inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases because ilomastat, a synthetic inhibitor of these enzymes, had no mesenchymal growth action. TIMP-2 was also involved in morphogenesis of the ureteric bud, inhibiting its branching and changing the deposition of its basement membrane; these effects were due to TIMP-2 inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases, as they were reproduced by ilomastat. Thus, TIMP-2 regulates kidney development by at least 2 distinct mechanisms. In addition, TIMP-2 was secreted from UB cells by mesenchymal factors that are essential for ureteric bud development. Hence, the mesenchyme synchronizes its own growth with ureteric morphogenesis by stimulating the secretion of TIMP-2 from the ureteric bud.
Development of test instrumentation to measure the leakage resistance of a single fastener in trackwork (2002)

During normal operation of transit vehicles, currents drawn by traction motors in the vehicle cause a voltage to develop on the running rails, causing leakage currents to flow to ground over the rail fastener surfaces which may be contaminated with dirt and moisture. These leakage currents can cause extensive damage, including erosion of the rails, fasteners and structural metals. The total leakage current in a system may be readily measured, and may be tens to hundreds of amperes. However, determining the electrical resistance of a selected fastener in situ requires measuring the leakage current of that individual fastener, which is extremely difficult since the fasteners are electrically connected by the low impedance of the continuously welded running rails. Commercial equipment for measuring the leakage resistance of one fastener in the field is currently unavailable. A previous paper presented a development procedure and system analysis to measure the leakage current of one fastener in situ in the BART system without any modification of the rails, and presented computer simulations to optimize circuit parameters including test voltage and frequency. This paper describes a method to measure the leakage current of a single fastener in trackwork in the BART system without any modification of the rails. The paper also presents a test instrument using state-of-the-art current transducers to perform this function, with no cutting of the track or use of insulated joints. The proposed test instrumentation is bench tested, and the relatively high accuracy obtained in measuring leakage resistance of one fastener in place using the proposed test instrument, clearly demonstrates the feasibility of such an instrument.
Sigmoid-weighted linear units for neural network function approximation in reinforcement learning (2018)

In recent years, neural networks have enjoyed a renaissance as function approximators in reinforcement learning. Two decades after Tesauro's TD-Gammon achieved near top-level human performance in backgammon, the deep reinforcement learning algorithm DQN achieved human-level performance in many Atari 2600 games. The purpose of this study is twofold. First, we propose two activation functions for neural network function approximation in reinforcement learning: the sigmoid-weighted linear unit (SiLU) and its derivative function (dSiLU). The activation of the SiLU is computed by the sigmoid function multiplied by its input. Second, we suggest that the more traditional approach of using on-policy learning with eligibility traces, instead of experience replay, and softmax action selection can be competitive with DQN, without the need for a separate target network. We validate our proposed approach by, first, achieving new state-of-the-art results in both stochastic SZ-Tetris and Tetris with a small 10 × 10 board, using TD(λ) learning and shallow dSiLU network agents, and, then, by outperforming DQN in the Atari 2600 domain by using a deep Sarsa(λ) agent with SiLU and dSiLU hidden units.
Characterization of two new plasmid DNAs found in mitochondria of wild-type Neurospora intermedia strains (1982)

Mitochondria from two Neurospora intermedia strains (P4O5-Labelle and Fiji N6-6) were found to contain plasmid DNAs in addition to the standard mitochondrial DNA species. The plasmid DNAs consist of monomeric circles (4.1-4.3 kbp and 5.2-5.3 kbp for Labelle and Fiji, respectively) and oligomers in which monomers are organized as head-to-tail repeats. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments showed that the plasmids have no substantial sequence homology to mtDNA, to each other, or to a previously characterized mitochondrial plasmid from N. crassa strain Mauriceville-lc (Collins et al. Cell 24, 443-452, 1981). The intramitochondrial location of the plasmids was established by cell fractionation and nuclease protection experiments. In sexual crosses, the plasmids showed strict maternal inheritance, the same as Neurospora mitochondrial DNA. The plasmids may represent a novel class of mitochondrial genetic elements.
Prediction of Potato Processing Quality by near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy of Ground Raw Tubers (2011)

The technique of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy was tested to predict the processing quality of potatoes by scanning (850–2500 nm) ground raw potatoes ( n = 2517) from nine growing seasons and four to five locations. Calibration equations were developed for dry matter, starch, reducing sugars, sucrose and total sugar as well as lightness of dehydrated potatoes and potato crisps, and quality score of finished French fries. Two strategies in modelling were compared, an annually repeated (incremental) and a retrospective calculation at the end of the project with inclusion or removal of spectral outliers. The best coefficients of determination ( r 2 ) within independent validation sets were about 0.99 for dry matter, 0.96 for starch, 0.43 for reducing sugars, 0.71 for sucrose and 0.66 for total sugar. The RPD statistic (ratio of standard error of prediction to sample standard deviation) was up to 8.5 and 5.4 (dry matter and starch content, respectively), but was unacceptably low in the case of reducing sugars (1.7) and low for sucrose (2.4) and total sugar (2.3). Direct prediction of processing quality resulted in r 2 values of 0.52 for dehydrated potatoes, 0.69 for potato crisps and 0.56 for French fries, but the RPD of these models were too low even for screening purposes ( RPD < 2.0).
Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-aryl-2-.alpha.-piperidyl-1,3-dioxanes (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-aryl-2-.alpha.-piperidyl-1,3-dioxanesPaul Aeberli, William J. Houlihan, and Edward I. TakesueCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1969, 12, 1, 51–54Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1969https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00301a014Request reuse permissionsArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (487 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[An in vitro study on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells protecting nucleus pulposus cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in a co-culture system of no direct cellular interaction]. (2010)

In a co-culture system without direct cellular interactions, the oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of human NPCs was ameliorated by BMSCs. The enhanced anti-apoptosis ability of NPCs preconditioned by co-culturing with BMSCs might come from the decreased Bax/Bcl-2 gene transcription ratio.
Macromedia Dreamweaver 8 for Windows & Macintosh: Visual QuickStart Guide (2005)

Even if you've never used Macromedia Dreamweaver before, this Visual QuickStart Guide will have you up and running with Macromedia's popular Web authoring program in no time. In this completely updated edition of our best-selling guide to Macromedia Dreamweaver, leading technology authors Tom Negrino and Dori Smith use their trademark crystal-clear instructions and friendly prose to introduce you everything that's new in Dreamweaver 8. Filled with step-by-step, task-based instructions and loads of visual aids, this book explains how to use all of the program's visual layout tools, application development features, and code editing support to create stunning, accessible Web sites. Along the way, you'll find extensive coverage of all the program's new features: drag-and-drop integration of XML data feeds, improved CSS support, advanced style rendering toolbar, the industry's first integrated Web accessibility evaluation tool for Section 508 and WCAG 2 checkpoints, and more!
Characteristics of the Oxidation Barrier Layers for Copper Metallization (1994)

Characteristics of the oxidation barrier layers for copper metallization were investigated. Thin films of Cr, TiN and Al were used as the oxidation barrier layers for Cu. Ultrathin Al film was found to prevent the oxidation of Cu up to the highest annealing temperature (600 °C) among the barriers layers tested in this study. Topographical features of Cu/Al film were better than those of Cu/Cr and Cu/TiN after an oxidation annealing treatment. It was found that oxygen did not diffuse into Cu because of the ultrathin Al 2 O 3 layer formed on the Cu surface, and consequently ultrathin (25 A) Al film could be a good oxidation barrier layer for Cu metallization
Silicon Molecular Layer Epitaxy (1990)

This paper reports on recent results of silicon molecular layer epitaxy (MLE) using and hydrogen. Growth conditions for monomolecular layers by the monomolecular layer deposition process have been investigated as a function of substrate temperature, pressure in the growth chamber, gas injection time, and vacuum evacuation time. The substrate temperature of 825°C was best suited to the monomolecular layer growth where the film thickness per cycle is saturated with the injection pressure. From the results obtained by mass spectrometry and IR spectroscopy, we may conclude that in the MLE growth the most predominant surface‐adsorbed migrating species on silicon is . Also, the auto‐doping profiles of boron and other impurities have been measured by SIMS.
Design and Control of the Side Reactor Configuration for Production of Ethyl Acetate (2008)

Despite some potential advantages of reactive distillation (RD), reactive distillation may suffer from maintenance/design problems such as catalyst deactivation/replacement and equipment design. In this work, an alternative design, a side reactor configuration, is sought and the process of interest is production of ethyl acetate via esterification. The reactive distillation study by Tang et al. (2005) reveals that almost 90% conversion takes place in the column base of the RD. This naturally suggests a coupled reactor/distillation configuration where all of the catalyst is packed in the bottoms base, denoted as single-reactive tray reactive distillation (RD-SRT). This mitigates the maintenance problem associated with conventional RD. However, simulation results show that, with the same amount of catalyst loading, the SRT configuration cannot achieve the same performance as the RD (∼93% conversion). Another alternative is adding external reactors to the SRT, and this is termed the side reactor configuration (SRC). A systematic design procedure is devised for the SRC design, and the objective function to be minimized is the total annual cost (TAC). The results show that the TAC of the SRC only increases by 5% as compared to that of the RD. A plantwide control structure is developed followed by process identification and controller tuning. The results show that reasonable control performance can be achieved using simple temperature control for the feed flow rate and feed composition disturbances.
Dual Catalysis Sees the Light: Combining Photoredox with Organo‐, Acid, and Transition‐Metal Catalysis (2014)

The photoredox activation of organic substrates with visible light is a powerful methodology that generates reactive radical species under very mild conditions. When combined with another catalytic process in a dual catalytic system, novel, visible-light-promoted transformations have been realized that do not proceed using either catalyst in isolation. In this minireview, the state of the art in organic reactions mediated by dual catalytic systems merging photoredox activation with organo-, acid or metal catalysis is discussed.
Oil and Fatty Acid Profiles of Soybeans (Maturity Groups IV, V, and VI) (2005)

Scope and Method of Study: The objective of this research was to evaluate the relationship between grain yield, oil content, and fatty acids composition in soybean cultivars and experimental lines in maturity groups IV, V, and VI. Data were collected at three locations: the Vegetable Research Station at Bixby, OK, the Eastern Research Station at Haskell, OK, and the South Central Research Station at Chickasha, OK. The oil content was determined by using the Soxtec extraction system. Profiles on the percentage of the fatty acids were made by using the AOCS Official Method (Ce2-66) for sampling and analysis of commercial fats and oils. Significant genotype effects and variances were determined by using the PROC MIXED procedure and correlations were determined by using the PROC CORR procedure.