gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and evaluation of team work in distributed collaborative virtual environments (2003)

We present a framework for the design and evaluation of distributed, collaborative 3D interaction focussing on projection based systems. We discuss the issues of collaborative 3D interaction using audio/video for face-to-face communication and the differences in using rear projection based Virtual Environments. Further, we explore how the use of video/audio, input device representations and other disturbance factors typical of projection-based virtual environments affect co-presence, co-working and co-knowledge in distributed CVEs. We present results from co-presence and co-working evaluation sessions of about 60 users of various profiles. An extensive statistical, group and variation group analysis of the results is carried out. The findings and the resulting design guidelines are presented in this paper in respect to the above factors.
De-interlacing of video data using motion vectors and edge information (2003)

EDDI (edge dependent de-interlacing) is a new method for effectively removing jagged edges from interlaced video. It detects and quantifies edges for optimal image interpolation, with applications in high-end as well as in economy de-interlacing.
On the growth of Internet application flows: A complex network perspective (2011)

Internet structure possesses many properties of complex networks. However, existing studies are often constrained to deriving web connections based on partial data collected, and the actual Internet traffic and user behaviors are far from being understood. With detailed traffic flow records collected through powerful hardware-based monitors, we study from the perspective of complex network the characteristics of four types of traffic: P2Pdownload, HTTP, Instant Messaging and overall traffic. Based on the data analysis and comparison of different applications, we confirm that both the distributions of node degree and strength of nodes/edges follow power law but they have significant different exponents. Specifically, taking advantage of the strict timing of the records, we study the dynamics of flow graphs. The growth of edges upon nodes is nonlinear. Edges formed between existing nodes, instead of the ones arriving with new nodes dominate the growth. We also observe linear preferential attachment behaviors in the flow graphs.
Design and fabrication of random phase diffusers for extending the depth of focus (2007)

We present a method for designing non-absorbing optical diffusers that, when illuminated by a converging beam, produce a specified intensity distribution along the optical axis. To evaluate the performance of the diffusers in imaging systems we calculate the three-dimensional distribution of the mean intensity in the neighborhood of focus. We find that the diffusers can be used as depth-of-focus extenders. We also propose and implement a method of fabricating the designed diffusers on photoresist-coated plates and present some experimental results obtained with the fabricated diffusers.
Optimal turbine spacing in fully developed wind farm boundary layers (2011)

ABSTRACT As wind farms become larger, the asymptotic limit of the ‘fully developed’, or ‘infinite’, wind farm has been receiving an increased interest. This limit is relevant for wind farms on flat terrain whose length exceeds the height of the atmospheric boundary layer by over an order of magnitude. Recent computational studies based on large eddy simulation have identified various mean velocity equilibrium layers and have led to parameterizations of the effective roughness height that allow the prediction of the wind velocity at hub height as a function of parameters such as wind turbine spacing and loading factors. In the current paper, we employ this as a tool in making predictions of optimal wind turbine spacing as a function of these parameters, as well as in terms of the ratio of turbine costs to land surface costs. For realistic cost ratios, we find that the optimal average turbine spacing may be considerably higher than that conventionally used in current wind farm implementations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inhibition of topoisomerase II by antitumor agents bis(2,6-dioxopiperazine) derivatives. (1991)

Several recently developed derivatives of bis(2,6-dioxopiperazine) have been shown to be new antitumor agents and are currently under clinical trials. We found that the mother compound of the bis(2,6-dioxopiperazine)s, ICRF-154, and its derivatives, ICRF-159, ICRF-193, and MST-16, are all inhibitors of mammalian type II DNA topoisomerase. By decatenation assay using kinetoplast DNA from Crithidia fasciculata, inhibition of purified calf thymus topoisomerase II by these compounds was investigated. Potency of inhibition was in the following order: ICRF-193 greater than ICRF-154 = ICRF-159 greater than MST-16. The doses giving 50% inhibition were 2, 13, 30 and 300 microM, respectively, for these compounds. ICRF-193, the most potent inhibitor, however, did not inhibit topoisomerase I at concentrations up to 300 microM. Addition of excess enzyme, but not of the substrate DNA, overcame the inhibition by ICRF-193. The drug did not stimulate the formation of cleavable complex between DNA and the enzyme. Furthermore, ICRF-193 even inhibited the formation of enzyme-mediated DNA cleavage induced by etoposide or 4'-[9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide. These observations, together with the finding that ICRF-193 did not intercalate into DNA, suggest that ICRF-154 and related compounds are specific inhibitors of topoisomerase II with different modes of action: i.e., they interfere with some step(s) before the formation of the intermediate cleavable complex in the catalytic cycle. This is a property quite distinct from previously known cleavable complex-forming type topoisomerase II-targeting antitumor agents such as acridines, anthracyclines, and epipodophyllotoxins, but rather, mechanistically similar to the recently reported group of inhibitors that includes merbarone, aclarubicin, and fostriecin.
An Electric Field Pretouch system for grasping and co-manipulation (2010)

Pretouch sensing is longer range than contact, but shorter range than vision. The hypothesis motivating this work is that closed loop feedback based on short range but non-contact measurements can improve the reliability of manipulation. This paper presents a grasping system that is guided at short range by Electric Field (EF) Pretouch. We describe two sets of experiments. The first set of experiments involves human-to-robot and robot-to-human handoff, including the use of EF Pretouch to detect whether or not a human is also touching an object that the robot is holding, which we call the “co-manipulation state.” In the second set of experiments, the robot picks up standalone objects. We describe a number of techniques that servo the arm and fingers in order to both collect relevant geometrical information, and to actually perform the manipulation task.
Priority image and video encoding transmission based on a discrete radon transform (2007)

This paper presents an instance of priority encoding transmission system based on an exact and discrete Radon transform called the Mojette transform. The system includes an optimization process constrained jointly by the hierarchy of the source and by the channel property. In the framework of JPEG2000 image wireless transmission, the hierarchy is characterized by a perceptual objective quality assessment which is well correlated with the human judgement and the channel estimation is performed by an exponential loss profile. The solution is compared with the JPEG2000 Wireless (JPWL) system based on the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) criterion and the Reed- Solomon codes. We also propose an extension of this work to H.264/AVC videos.
Current status of nanotechnology patents in traditional Chinese medicine (2015)

With the advancement of modernization in traditional Chinese medicine, the application of nanotechnology in traditional Chinese medicine has been paid increasing attention. This article outlines the current status of nanotechnology patents in traditional Chinese medicine, and indicates that the awareness of intellectual property rights protection in the field of traditional Chinese medicine has been weak in China. This article also analyzes the characteristics and directions of development of nanotechnology-related patents in traditional Chinese medicine, and points out that university-industry cooperation should be strengthened to accelerate the industrialization of the patents.

Key words: 
Patents; Intellectual property rights; Traditional Chinese medicine; Nanotechnology
Prediction of Co-Regulated Gene Groups through Gene Ontology (2007)

Gene ontology (GO) is organized in three principles, cellular component, biological process and molecular function. analysis of GO annotations of a list of differentially expressed genes on microarrays became a common approach in helping with their biological interpretation. Earlier studies in GO analysis are based on a single principle, mostly Biological Process; valuable information in the other two principles is neglected. This paper proposes a novel approach to investigate gene co-regulation based on GO annotations from all three principles. We used the semantic similarity of GO annotations as a measure to partition genes into functionally related clusters and developed a performance index (PI) that consolidates GO annotations from all three principles to measure the quality of each cluster. We successfully applied our algorithm to yeast dataset. Our results indicate that PI is a good measure of the likelihood of a cluster being co-regulated by one or more TFs. Another analysis based on individual GO principle indicates that gene annotations in biological process are the most informative and those in cellular component are the least informative with regard of gene co-regulation. However, none of the analyses based on an individual principle could provide satisfactory classification. It is important to consider gene annotations in all three principles
Data analysis and bioinformatics tools for tandem mass spectrometry in proteomics (2008)

Data processing is a central and critical component of a successful proteomics experiment, and is often the most time-consuming step. There have been considerable advances in the field of proteomics informatics in the past 5 years, spurred mainly by free and open-source software tools. Along with the gains afforded by new software, the benefits of making raw data and processed results freely available to the community in data repositories are finally in evidence. In this review, we provide an overview of the general analysis approaches, software tools, and repositories that are enabling successful proteomics research via tandem mass spectrometry.
Further understanding of cervical dystonia (2017)

Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal, often repetitive, movements, postures, or both. Botulinum toxin (BTX) has been recommended as the first-line treatment choice for the most common subtype, i.e. cervical dystonia. But some patients respond poor to BTX injection. In the new "collum-caput (COL-CAP)" concept, which is generated based on cervical functional anatomy, the abnormal postures of cervical dystonia are divided into 8 basic types instead of previous 4. The concept is helpful for clinicians to analyze the abnormal posture precisely, and improve the efficacy of BTX injection thereafter. <strong>DOI: </strong>10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.02.005
Core Clinical Skills (2001)

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Letter to the EditorFull AccessCore Clinical SkillsJerald Kay, M.D.Jerald Kay, M.D.Published Online:3 Aug 2001https://doi.org/10.1176/pn.36.15.0026In his Viewpoints article in the June 15 issue, my colleague, Dr. Sidney Weissman, criticized the APA Commission on the Practice of Psychotherapy by Psychiatrists (COPP) as being interested only in intensive psychotherapy. It might be helpful to APA members, therefore, to review the interests of those on COPP and the activities we have sponsored in the recent past.COPP has members from diverse clinical orientations, including experts on cognitive-behavioral, interpersonal, child and adolescent, family, psychodynamic, and group therapies, to name but a few. We have sponsored symposia at the APA annual meetings, Institute on Psychiatric Services, and other national meetings on a variety of topics including brief therapies of all theoretical persuasions, combined psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, supervision of psychotherapy, self-reflection in psychotherapies, and the neurobiological bases of psychotherapy.The commission has published scientific papers in APA's Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research and published white papers on psychotherapy effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. We have also assisted APA's Office of Research in constructing more useful data on the practice of psychotherapy as measured in the Practice Research Network surveys and have been very active in maintaining the importance of psychotherapy by psychiatrists within the confines of managed care. Last, but not least, COPP has worked closely with those involved in establishing and teaching the new core competencies in psychotherapy, which include brief, supportive, cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychodynamic, and combined treatment.As always, COPP welcomes suggestions from APA members about important issues in keeping psychotherapy as a core clinical skill in our field.Chair, Commission on Psychotherapy By Psychiatrists ISSUES NewArchived
ChemInform Abstract: Diazoaldehyde Chemistry. Part 3. Synthesis of 4‐Acyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole Derivatives. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Inhibiting Polymerization (2004)

The Z variant of alpha1-antitrypsin (Z-AT) is present in 4% of Northern Europeans and is associated with liver cirrhosis and emphysema. Polymers accumulate within the hepatocyte and the subsequent plasma deficiency of AT renders the lungs susceptible to proteolysis and early onset emphysema. We have previously demonstrated that the Phe-Leu-Glu-Ala-Ile-Gly (6 mer) peptide specifically binds to Z-AT and inhibits polymerization. Here we present the first detailed biochemical study of the purified Z-AT-6 mer binary complex. Biochemical studies indicated that this complex was inactive as a proteinase inhibitor and the peptide annealed to beta-sheet A of Z-AT. Removal of the N-acetyl terminus of the 6 mer peptide did not affect the peptide's ability to prevent polymer formation. However, the nonacetylated 6 mer-Z-AT complex dissociated at a rate 2.75 x faster than the acetylated 6 mer-Z-AT complex to yield an active inhibitor; Koff 5.5 +/- 1.07 versus 2.0 +/- 0.25 10(6) s(-1), respectively. These biochemical data indicate a potential therapeutic approach whereby polymerization is prevented in the liver, with the gradual release of the peptide from the binary complex restoring proteinase inhibitory function within the tissues. Thus, it raises the novel prospect of ameliorating both the cirrhosis and the emphysema associated with Z-AT.
Formation of porous magnetite in the initial stages of solid state reduction of hematite by metallic iron. (1989)

Large scale migration of iron ions during oxidation of iron or reduction of iron oxides leads to porous products. It is mathematically proved that a porous magnetite is formed during the initial stages of solid state reduction of hematite by iron.
ChemInform Abstract: HYDROSILYLATION OF 3‐ARYLAMINO‐1‐BUTYNES AND THEIR N‐ACYL DERIVATIVES (1983)

Abstract Die 3‐Arylamino‐butinderivate (I) addieren Hydridosilane (II) zu β‐Addukten wie (III).
Inner volume MR imaging: technical concepts and their application. (1985)

Although cross-sectional magnetic resonance examination of the head and body is useful for screening large regions of tissue, subsectional regions of the head and body often need to be examined. Orthogonally directed, selectively irradiated planes with different flip angles produce a spatially limited signal region from which two- or three-dimensional volume images can be reconstructed. Images with limited fields-of-view can be acquired in reduced imaging time. We present a general description of this technique. These subsectional or "inner volume" images eliminate respiratory motion artifacts by excluding moving tissues from the imaged volume. A result of this technique is a high signal from rapid pulsatile blood flow, produced without cardiac gating the pulse sequence.
Level Set Based Nonlocal Surface Restoration (2008)

In this paper we extend nonlocal smoothing techniques for image regularization in [G. Gilboa and S. Osher, Multiscale Model. Simul., 6 (2007), pp. 595–630] to surface regularization, with surfaces represented by level set functions. We test our algorithm on both phantom and observed surfaces, including city terrain and cortical surfaces.
Neuroendocrine Neoplasia (2000)

Feyrter, a German pathologist, developed the concept of the "diffuse neuroendocrine system" more than 60 years ago, in a thoughtful attempt to unify tumors in diverse topographic sites that had potential secretory activity and similar histologic attributes. 1 Since then, his model has been refined and renamed by others, and a variety of diagnostic terms for "neuroendocrine" lesions has come into the clinical sphere.In fact, there is, perhaps, no other single facet of neuroendocrine neoplasia that is as confusing as the nomenclature that has been attached to it.This commentary shall attempt to provide a simplified and modern approach to such terminology, with direct clinical ramifications.In addition, it summarizes selected etiologic factors and current pathologic diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors.
Mechanism‐Based Design of a ROMP Catalyst for Sequence‐Selective Copolymerization (2005)

Back and forth like a metronome is how the carbene moiety swings in a dual-site catalyst which produces a predominantly alternating copolymer of norbornene and cyclooctene from a one-pot reaction of appropriate mixtures of the two monomers (see scheme). The alternating sequence of the polymer was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and gel-permeation gravimetric analysis. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z502606_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A new method for islanding detection of utility-connected wind power generation systems (2005)

The existing islanding detection techniques are generally classified into passive and active categories. Nevertheless, it has been demonstrated that "non-detection zones" (NDZ) still exist for some specific load impedances. A new algorithm using differential voltage correlation (DVC) method is hence proposed in this paper to alleviate this problem. To verify the proposed approach for islanding detection of a dispersed wind power generation system (DWPGS), it has been evaluated using different scenarios. Impacts of various loads, wind-speed abrupt changes, and power-quality (PQ) disturbances on the detection performance are also examined under conditions of both loss of grid-interconnection and parallel operations. From the test results, the effectiveness of the approach to reduce non- detection zone and improve the detection accuracy has been demonstrated.