gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Light Induced Manganese Oxidation and Long-Lived Charge Separation in a Mn<sub>2</sub><sup>II,II</sup>−Ru<sup>II</sup>(bpy)<sub>3</sub>−Acceptor Triad (2005)

The photoinduced electron-transfer reactions in a Mn2II,II-RuII-NDI triad (1) ([Mn2(bpmp)(OAc)2]+, bpmp = 2,6-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)aminomethyl]-4-methylphenolate and OAc = acetate, RuII = tris-bipyridine ruthenium(II), and NDI = naphthalenediimide) have been studied by time-resolved optical and EPR spectroscopy. Complex 1 is the first synthetically linked electron donor-sensitizer-acceptor triad in which a manganese complex plays the role of the donor. EPR spectroscopy was used to directly demonstrate the light induced formation of both products: the oxidized manganese dimer complex (Mn2II,III) and the reduced naphthalenediimide (NDI*-) acceptor moieties, while optical spectroscopy was used to follow the kinetic evolution of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ intermediate states and the NDI*- radical in a wide temperature range. The average lifetime of the NDI*- radical is ca. 600 micros at room temperature, which is at least 2 orders of magnitude longer than that for previously reported triads based on a [Ru(bpy)3]2+ photosensitizer. At 140 K, this intramolecular recombination was dramatically slowed, displaying a lifetime of 0.1-1 s, which is comparable to many of the naturally occurring charge-separated states in photosynthetic reaction centra. It was found that the long recombination lifetime could be explained by an unusually large reorganization energy (lambda approximately 2.0 eV), due to a large inner reorganization of the manganese complex. This makes the recombination reaction strongly activated despite the large driving force (Delta-G degrees = 1.07 eV). Thus, the intrinsic properties of the manganese complex are favorable for creating a long-lived charge separation in the "Marcus normal region" also when the charge separated state energy is high.
G<sub>i-1</sub>/G<sub>i-2</sub>-dependent signaling by single-transmembrane natriuretic peptide clearance receptor (2000)

Single-transmembrane natriuretic peptide clearance receptor (NPR-C), which is devoid of a cytoplasmic guanylyl cyclase domain, interacts with pertussis toxin (PTx)-sensitive G proteins to activate endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expressed in gastrointestinal smooth muscle cells. We examined the ability of NPR-C to activate other effector enzymes in eNOS-deficient tenia coli smooth muscle cells; these cells expressed NPR-C and NPR-B but not NPR-A. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), the selective NPR-C ligand cANP-(4-23), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) inhibited (125)I-ANP and (125)I-VIP binding to muscle membranes in a pattern indicating high-affinity binding to NPR-C. Interaction of VIP with NPR-C was confirmed by its ability to inhibit (125)I-ANP binding to membranes of NPR-C-transfected COS-1 cells. In tenia muscle cells, all ligands selectively activated G(i-1) and G(i-2); VIP also activated G(s) via VIP(2) receptors. All ligands stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis, which was inhibited by ANP-(1-11), PTx, and antibodies to phospholipase C-beta3 (PLC-beta3) and Gbeta. cANP-(4-23) contracted tenia muscle cells; contraction was blocked by U-73122 and PTx and by antibodies to PLC-beta3 and Gbeta in intact and permeabilized muscle cells, respectively. VIP and ANP contracted muscle cells only after inhibition of cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinases. ANP and cANP-(4-23) inhibited forskolin-stimulated cAMP in a PTx-sensitive fashion. We conclude that NPR-C is coupled to activation of PLC-beta3 via betagamma-subunits of G(i-1) and G(i-2) and to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase via alpha-subunits.
Fragrances in Oolong Tea That Enhance the Response of GABA<sub>A</sub>Receptors (2004)

We electrophysiologically investigated the effect of some fragrant compounds in oolong tea on the response of ionotropic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors (GABAA receptors) which were expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Of the tested fragrances in oolong tea, cis-jasmone, jasmine lactone, linalool oxide and methyl jasmonate significantly potentiated the response. Among these, cis-jasmone and methyl jasmonate potently potentiated the response, having a respective dissociation constant of the compound (Kp) and maximum potentiation (Vm) of 0.49 mM and 322% for cis-jasmone, and 0.84 mM and 450% for methyl jasmonate. Inhalation of 0.1% cis-jasmone or methyl jasmonate significantly increased the sleeping time of mice induced by pentobarbital, suggesting that these fragrant compounds were absorbed by the brain and thereby potentiated the GABAA receptor response. Both of these compounds may therefore have a tranquillizing effect on the brain.
Thermal imaging of cucumber leaves affected by downy mildew and environmental conditions (2006)

Pathogenesis of Pseudoperonospora cubensis causing downy mildew of cucumber resulted in changes in the metabolic processes within cucumber leaves including the transpiration rate. Due to the negative correlation between transpiration rate and leaf temperature, digital infrared thermography permitted a non-invasive monitoring and an indirect visualization of downy mildew development. Depending on the stage of pathogenesis and the topology of chloroses and necroses, infection resulted in a typical temperature pattern. Spatial heterogeneity of the leaf temperature could be quantified by the maximum temperature difference (MTD) within a leaf. The MTD increased during pathogenesis with the formation of necrotic tissue and was related to disease severity as described by linear and quadratic regression curves. Under controlled conditions, changes in temperature of infected leaves allowed the discrimination between healthy and infected areas in thermograms, even before visible symptoms of downy mildew appeared. Environmental conditions during thermographic measurement, in particular air temperature and humidity, as well as water content and age of the leaf influenced the temperature of its surface. Conditions enhancing the transpiration rate facilitated the detection of changes in leaf temperature of infected leaves at early stages of infection. As modified by environmental conditions, MTD alone is not suitable for the quantification of downy mildew severity in the field.
Analysis of magnetic resonance imaging–based blood and cerebrospinal fluid flow measurements in patients with Chiari I malformation: a system approach (2001)

Magnetic resonance imaging measurement of transcranial CSF and blood flow may lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of Chiari malformations and may prove to be an important diagnostic tool for guiding for the treatment of patients with Chiari I malformation.
Do Appealing Hospital Rooms Increase Patient Evaluations of Physicians, Nurses, and Hospital Services? (2003)

This article investigates the effects of appealing hospital rooms on patient evaluations of hospital services. A field study contrasting appealing and typical rooms finds that appealing rooms result in more positive patient evaluations of physicians and nurses, as well as more favorable patient judgments of the service.
Synthesis and crystal structure of zeolite W, resembling the mineral merlinoite (1996)

Zeolite W, K10.3[Si21.7Al10.3O64]·20H2O, was synthesized and the influences of excess alkalinity and the K/(K + Na) ratio on the synthesis products were studied. This synthetic zeolite is very similar to the mineral merlinoite. Its crystal structure was refined by the Rietveld method using X-ray powder diffraction data. The crystal structures of merlinoites from two locations and of two rather different synthetic zeolites of MER framework topology are known so far. Even though the chemistry of the pore filling is very different in the four compounds, the geometry and the density of their frameworks are remarkably similar.
Preparation and Properties of Serum and Plasma Proteins. XXIII. Hydrogen Ion Equilibria in Native and Modified Human Serum Albumins<sup>1a, 1b</sup> (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Properties of Serum and Plasma Proteins. XXIII. Hydrogen Ion Equilibria in Native and Modified Human Serum Albumins1a, 1bCharles TanfordCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 1, 441–451Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01157a119https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01157a119research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations154LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Facial marks: Soft biometric for face recognition (2009)

We propose to utilize micro features, namely facial marks (e.g., freckles, moles, and scars) to improve face recognition and retrieval performance. Facial marks can be used in three ways: i) to supplement the features in an existing face matcher, ii) to enable fast retrieval from a large database using facial mark based queries, and iii) to enable matching or retrieval from a partial or profile face image with marks. We use Active Appearance Model (AAM) to locate and segment primary facial features (e.g., eyes, nose, and mouth). Then, Laplacian-of-Gaussian (LoG) and morphological operators are used to detect facial marks. Experimental results based on FERET (426 images, 213 subjects) and Mugshot (1,225 images, 671 subjects) databases show that the use of facial marks improves the rank-1 identification accuracy of a state-of-the-art face recognition system from 92.96% to 93.90% and from 91.88% to 93.14%, respectively.
Nucleotide sequence of human rotavirus genome segment 10, an RNA encoding a glycosylated virus protein (1984)

The complete nucleotide sequence of human rotavirus (Wa strain) genome segment 10 was determined by using a cloned DNA copy. The sequence data indicated that segment 10 is A + T rich (65%) and consists of 750 base pairs. The positive strand of segment 10 contains a single open reading frame that extends 175 codons from the first AUG triplet (residues 42 through 44). The amino acid sequence of the segment 10 product was deduced from the nucleotide sequence. There are two distinct glycosylation sites at the N-terminal hydrophobic region, consistent with previous findings that this protein exists in a glycosylated form. The apparent molecular weight (20,000) of the unglycosylated, precursor polypeptide is in good agreement with the one calculated from the predicted amino acid sequence. Structural analysis of the positive strand (mRNA from segment 10) showed that it could form, like mRNA from segment 11, a stable panhandle structure involving the 5' and 3'-terminal regions. The nucleotide sequence of segment 10 from simian rotavirus, recently determined by Both et al. (J. Virol. 48:335-339, 1983) was found to be highly homologous to, and to share several important features with, segment 10 of human rotavirus.
Anticoagulation of Juvenile Sheep and Goats With Heparin, Warfarin, and Clopidogrel (2007)

Little data exist on anticoagulation of young sheep and goats. We tested the effect of heparin, warfarin, and clopidogrel in two sheep and two goats weighing 17-35 kg. Each animal received heparin boluses of 80, 100, and 200 units/kg; goats also received 300, 350, and 400 units/kg. All animals received continuous heparin 40, 60, and 80 units/kg/hour; oral warfarin 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mg/kg/day; and oral clopidogrel 75 and 150 mg/day (2.8-3.4 and 5.6-6.9 mg/kg/day). Results were in the form of complete blood counts, activated clotting times (ACT), partial thromboplastin times, prothrombin times, thromboelastograms, and whole-blood lumiaggregometry. After heparin boluses of 200 units/kg, sheep and goats reached mean peak ACTs over 400 seconds. After continuous infusions of 40, 60 and 80 units/kg/hour, sheep and goats exceeded our therapeutic range for ACTs (195-215 seconds for sheep, 155-175 seconds for goats). For warfarin therapy, both sheep and goats required treatment with >0.6 mg/kg/day to achieve INRs over 2.5. Clopidogrel treatment, after 14-17 days of 75-150 mg/day, inhibited sheep platelets by 25-36% and goat platelets by 35-46%. We conclude that young sheep and goats can be safely and effectively anticoagulated with heparin and warfarin, and can also show a modest antiplatelet response to clopidogrel. Doses for each drug were generally higher than those used for humans, and warfarin therapy in sheep may be unpredictable. These results should be useful for developing anticoagulation protocols to test pediatric mechanical circulatory support devices.
Dissecting the Interaction of SHP-2 with PZR, an Immunoglobulin Family Protein Containing Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Inhibitory Motifs (2000)

Tyrosine phosphorylation of membrane proteins plays a crucial role in cell signaling by recruiting Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing signaling molecules. Recently, we have isolated a transmembrane protein designated PZR that specifically binds tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2, which has two SH2 domains (Zhao, Z. J., and Zhao, R. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 29367-29372). PZR belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Its intracellular segment contains four putative sites of tyrosine phosphorylation. By site-specific mutagenesis, we found that the tyrosine 241 and 263 embedded in the consensus immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs VIYAQL and VVYADI, respectively, accounted for the entire tyrosine phosphorylation of PZR. The interaction between PZR and SHP-2 requires involvement of both tyrosyl residues of the former and both SH2 domains of the latter, since its was disrupted by mutating a single tyrosyl residue or an SH2 domain. Overexpression of catalytically inactive but not active forms of SHP-2 bearing intact SH2 domains in cells caused hyperphosphorylation of PZR. In vitro, tyrosine-phosphorylated PZR was efficiently dephosphorylated by the full-length form of SHP-2 but not by its SH2 domain-truncated form. Together, the data indicate that PZR serves not only as a specific anchor protein of SHP-2 on the plasma membrane but also as a physiological substrate of the enzyme. The coexisting binding and dephosphorylation of PZR by SHP-2 may function to terminate signal transduction initiated by PZR and SHP-2 and to set a threshold for the signal transduction to be initiated.
Binary hard-sphere crystals with the cesium chloride structure (2001)

The possibility of binary hard-sphere colloids crystallizing with the cesium chloride (CsCl) structure was examined experimentally using poly (methyl methacrylate) particles dispersed in organic solvents. Towards this end, two dispersions were prepared that contained particles with a radius ratio alpha=R(B)/R(A), where A refers to the large particles and B the small, of 0.736. This is close to the optimum ratio of 0.732 at which this structure is predicted to form as determined by space-filling calculations. The phases found within the binary mixture were examined using laser light crystallography and scanning electromicroscopy, and some were shown to have the CsCl structure. Over a period of time some of the CsCl crystals disappeared indicating that they were metastable and that this structure may not be the most enduring phase at this size ratio.
Nonsuppressible insulin-like activity and thyroid hormones: major pituitary-dependent sulfation factors for chick embryo cartilage. (1976)

Serum from hypothyroid hypophysectomized rats did not stimulate sulfation or incorporation of amino acids into chick embryo sterna. When such rats were treated for a short time with growth hormone (somatotropin), their serum stimulated incorporation both of sulfate and of amino acids. The different actions of the two types of sera were not due to changes in thyroid state. The results support the existence in serum of a sulfation factor for chick embryo cartilage that is dependent upon growth hormone. Highly purified preparations of nonsuppressible insulin-like activity from human serum stimulated incorporation of amino acids, and of uridine into RNA, in chick embryo sterna in vitro; chondrocytes prepared from this tissue had specific high-affinity binding sites for this insulin-like activity. However, sulfate incorporation was stimulated very little, unless serum from hypothyroid hypophysectomized rats was also present. When L-3,5,3'-triiodothyronine was added as well, the stimulation was enhanced further. From these and other experiments, we conclude that (i) nonsuppressible insulin-like activity or a closely related peptide is the growth-hormone-dependent growth and sulfation factor for chick embryo cartilage: (ii) a second, unidentified factor must be present for the insulin-like activity to stimulate sulfation; and (iii) stimulation of sulfation by thyroid hormones in vitro is additive to that of nonsuppressible insulin-like activity.
A Comparative Study between GMLAN Speed and GPS Reported Vehicle Speed by Vehicle Maneuver (2013)

Some GM (General Motors) vehicles are using a GMLAN (General Motors Local Area Network) communication protocol for control and diagnostics. The airbag control module uses vehicle speed information from the GMLAN to record the vehicle speed as pre-crash information. In order to use the vehicle speed information for crash reconstruction purposes, it helps to be able to understand the accuracy of the data. The actual vehicle speed is not expected to be the same as the GMLAN indicated speed in some situations like a spin or if there is hard braking. This paper compares the actual vehicle speed and vehicle speed information during specific vehicle maneuvers. Actual vehicle speed is calculated from a GPS sensor, while GMLAN vehicle speed is calculated from transmission output sensor by the Engine control module (ECM). Vehicle maneuvers defined as Mode #1, Mode #2, Mode #3. The Mode #1 maneuver simulates wheel lock-up and skidding during Hard-braking at a specific speed. The Mode #2 maneuver simulates a 90 degree turn using a J-turn maneuver at a specific speed. The Mode #3 maneuver simulates a 180 degree turn using a spin type of maneuver at a specific speed. The study then compares the GMLAN speed and GPS speed to see what speed difference exists between them. The results of this paper are applicable to GM vehicles only. This paper catalogs the performance and limitations of two vehicles as useful reference for crash reconstructions where there is a need to understand the speed indicated in the pre-crash section of the SDM data.
Methods in stomatal research (1990)

Plant material theoretical background gravimetric and potometric methods mass-flow potometer diffusion potometers determining stomatal aperture responses of stomata in leaf pieces and discs epidermal strips protoplasts guard cells and sub-cellular fractions.
An optoelectronic/microfluidic inclination sensor for vestibular implants (2009)

We present a MEMS device fabricated in the SensoNor MultiMEMS process to replicate the tilt sensing function of the human vestibular system. Our device uses opaque fluid movement within a cavity to govern the amount of light that reaches strategically placed photosensing regions. In addition to the device we have included various structures so that we can determine the performance of various photodiode structures. The photodiodes were tested both to obtain their intrinsic current-voltage relationship without optical illumination and for their photo-sensitive characteristics by providing varying levels of optical excitation. The forward bias turn-on voltage was approximately 700 mV and varied across different device doping.
Multiple neural states of representation in short-term memory? It’s a matter of attention (2014)

Short-term memory (STM) refers to the capacity-limited retention of information over a brief period of time, and working memory (WM) refers to the manipulation and use of that information to guide behavior. In recent years it has become apparent that STM and WM interact and overlap with other cognitive processes, including attention (the selection of a subset of information for further processing) and long-term memory (LTM-the encoding and retention of an effectively unlimited amount of information for a much longer period of time). Broadly speaking, there have been two classes of memory models: systems models, which posit distinct stores for STM and LTM (Atkinson and Shiffrin, 1968; Baddeley and Hitch, 1974); and state-based models, which posit a common store with different activation states corresponding to STM and LTM (Cowan, 1995; McElree, 1996; Oberauer, 2002). In this paper, we will focus on state-based accounts of STM. First, we will consider several theoretical models that postulate, based on considerable behavioral evidence, that information in STM can exist in multiple representational states. We will then consider how neural data from recent studies of STM can inform and constrain these theoretical models. In the process we will highlight the inferential advantage of multivariate, information-based analyses of neuroimaging data (fMRI and electroencephalography (EEG)) over conventional activation-based analysis approaches (Postle, in press). We will conclude by addressing lingering questions regarding the fractionation of STM, highlighting differences between the attention to information vs. the retention of information during brief memory delays.
Subsea Downhole Motion Compensator: Field History, Enhancements, and the Next Generation (2000)

Abstract Since its successful debut in the North Sea, the Subsea Downhole Motion Compensator (SDMC™) has performed flawlessly in numerous milling runs in recent Latin America and North Sea projects. During one North Sea project, rig heave resulted in downtime during nonmilling runs. However, during milling runs in which the SDMC was used, there was no downtime spent waiting on weather (WOW), even when rig heave was as high as 13 ft. Design enhancements to the SDMC include increased allowable operating loads, the addition of a landing ring, and an automatic downhole reset feature. Benefits to the operator and driller are as follows: ability to safely sustain larger operating loads by accommodating greater rig heave longer operating life of high-wear internal parts, achieved by the sacrificial landing ring, which protects the wear bushing during planned or unplanned milling operations ease of handling, resulting in greater safety and more efficient operations overall rig-time savings The next-generation SDMC offers the operator many additional capabilities and features, and improved operational performance. The tool is completely automatic: from the time that the SDMC makes initial downhole contact (landed position) on the wear bushing, it is never necessary to return it to the surface. The tool is fully resettable at the wellhead for each complete stroke of the piston, and it continually strokes new pipe through the tool without being retrieved from the wellhead. Virtually unlimited stands of drillpipe may be installed conventionally on the rig floor and fed through the rotary table and through the SDMC to perform unlimited exploration, drilling, and completion operations without any downtime spent WOW. This paper introduces the operating principles and new design features of the SDMC. It also recaps case histories of successful jobs that resulted in cost savings and reduced downtime for the operator.