gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Packing of Generic, Three-Dimensional Components Based on Multi-Resolution Modeling (1996)

Abstract A method of optimizing layouts of three-dimensional objects of arbitrary geometry with simulated annealing is presented in this paper. Using multi-resolution models, this approach is able to generate optimal layouts of three-dimensional objects in reasonable time. An example of packing highly non-convex objects illustrates the power of this method.
The reasons why clinical cardiologists disregard reperfusion arrhythmias (1993)

Journal Article The reasons why clinical cardiologists disregard reperfusion arrhythmias Get access J T Lie J T Lie UC Davis Medical Center (PAT-1), 2315 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA: Professor J T Lie. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 11, November 1993, Page 1906, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.11.1906 Published: 01 November 1993
Ceramide Inhibits Inwardly Rectifying K<sup>+</sup>Currents via a Ras- and Raf-1-Dependent Pathway in Cultured Oligodendrocytes (1998)

Ceramide is a lipid mediator implicated in apoptosis induced by proinflammatory cytokines in many cell types, including oligodendrocytes (OLGs). To determine whether ceramide modulates transmembrane signaling events in OLGs, we studied its effect on intracellular Ca2+ (Cai), resting membrane potential and inwardly rectifying K+ currents (IKir) in cultured neonatal rat OLGs. We report here that (1) exposure to C2-ceramide (cer) rarely increases OLG Cai, whereas sphingosine elicits sustained increase in Cai; (2) cer causes OLG depolarization, an effect mimicked by sphingosine-1-phosphate but not by sphingosine; and (3) cer, but not its inactive analog dihydroceramide, inhibits OLG IKir. The cer effect is attenuated by Ras antibody Y13-259, by protein kinase C inhibitory peptide (19-36), and by suppression of c-Raf-1 expression with antisense raf-1 oligonucleotides. We conclude that cer-induced OLG depolarization is mediated via inhibition of IKir by a Ras- and raf-1-dependent pathway, which results in the phosphorylation of the inward rectifier K+ channel protein.
A New Approach to Disk Scheduling Using Fuzzy Logic (2013)

Disk scheduling is one of the main responsibilities of Operating System. OS manages hard disk to provide best access time. All major Disk scheduling algorithms incorporate seek time as the only factor for disk scheduling. The second factor rotational delay is ignored by the existing algorithms. This research paper considers both factors, Seek Time and Rotational Delay to schedule the disk. Our algorithm Fuzzy Disk Scheduling (FDS) looks at the uncertainty associated with scheduling incorporating the two factors. Keeping in view a Fuzzy inference system using If-Then rules is designed to optimize the overall performance of disk drives. Finally we compared the FDS with the other scheduling algorithms.
Development of diamond-based power devices (2013)

省エネルギーのカギとなるパワー半導体分野で、群を抜いた材料特性から、SiCを上回る低損失電力変換デバイス用材料として期待されているダイヤモンドの、デバイス応用に向けた先導研究を行った。高い絶縁破壊電界の実証、ドリフト層エピ成長改善によるキラー欠陥撲滅、高温動作を可能にする超耐熱ショットキー電極開発、電界緩和構造用語1や高電流素子の実現等の一連の開発である。その結果、250 ℃で30万時間以上動作可能な耐熱ショットキーバリアダイオードを開発し、高速スイッチング特性を確認し、ダイヤモンドのパワーデバイス用材料としての可能性を実証することができた。冷却フリーという新しいコンセプトの低損失デバイス実現に向けた、大型ウェハと大電力デバイスの研究が急がれる。
Reduction of Dynamic Response of a Wind Tunnel Sting Mount Using a Hub Damper Unit (2010)

This paper presents the design and prototype testing of a hub damper unit for reducing the dynamic response of a wind tunnel sting mount by adding passive damping. Several configurations for the hub damper were examined analytically before choosing the best performing design for prototype hardware development and testing. Fixed base laboratory testing showed that significant damping could be added to the sting mount with the hub damper. Subsequent testing of the hub damper in a wind tunnel confirms enhanced dynamic performance in an operational environment. Limitations in the wind tunnel test setup, however, led this enhanced performance to be less than might have been expected from the fixed base testing.
Modulation of Oncogenic Transcription and Alternative Splicing by β-Catenin and an RNA Aptamer in Colon Cancer Cells (2006)

Activated beta-catenin regulates the transcription of oncogenic target genes and is critical for tumorigenesis. Because nuclear functions are frequently coupled, we investigated whether it also has a role in alternative splicing of oncogenic genes. We showed that stabilized beta-catenin caused alternative splicing of estrogen receptor-beta pre-mRNA in colon cancer cells. To establish a direct role of beta-catenin in regulated splicing, we selected a high-affinity RNA aptamer that associated with beta-catenin in vivo. Nuclear localized aptamer inhibited beta-catenin-dependent transcription of cyclin D1 and c-myc in colon cancer cells; thus, cells stably expressing the aptamer exhibited cell cycle arrest and reduced tumor forming potential. Most significantly, the aptamer prevented the alternative splicing induced by stabilized beta-catenin. Taken together, our results establish that beta-catenin has an important role in both transcription and splicing, and that its action can be modulated by a high-affinity RNA aptamer. The RNA aptamer could be further developed as a specific inhibitor for cancer therapeutics.
Random telegraph signals in a radiation-hardened CMOS active pixel sensor (2002)

The random telegraph signal (RTS) behavior of the dark current has been studied in a radiation-hardened CMOS active pixel sensor (APS). Several devices have been irradiated with protons of different energies and up to different fluences. The influence of the proton energy, fluence, and operating temperature on the amplitude, time constants, and occurrence of the RTS is investigated. Mechanisms for this behavior are discussed and several suggestions are made for possible defect types.
Variance in the Mean of a Sequence of Partially Correlated Measurements (1990)

The variance in the mean of a sequence of partially correlated measurements is obtained in terms of the transfer function for a system whose input is a steady signal plus white noise. Two new expressions are derived in the frequency domain and shown to be equivalent to the time domain expression. These expressions are amenable to approximation and computation, show clearly the effect of aliasing, and are useful in devising strategies to reduce the variance. Their usefulness is demonstrated by considering the ideal averaging filter and the RC filter. The application of these results to the use of radiometers for the measurement of power is discussed.
Single shot high dynamic range imaging using power law transformation and exposure fusion (2016)

High Dynamic Range Imaging (HDRI) is an emerging technique for the generation of high quality images. Most commonly adopted method for generating HDR images is the fusion of multiple exposure Low Dynamic Range (LDR) images. But in such cases the output image can get affected by certain artifacts such as image misalignments, ghosting etc. Single shot HDR Imaging is an efficient approach to overcome these artifacts. In this paper, we propose a method for the generation of high dynamic range image from a single input image using power law transformation. Power law transformation generates differently exposed images by varying the gamma value of the input image. Once the multiple exposure images are generated, they are fused together based on certain quality measures such as contrast, saturation, well exposedness etc. The result shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach which is verified qualitatively and quantitatively.
Photoreflectance of InN and InN:Mg layers: An evidence of Fermi level shift toward the valence band upon Mg doping in InN (2008)

Photoreflectance (PR) has been applied to study the energy-gap related absorption in undoped and Mg-doped InN layers. This technique, due to its sensitivity to built-in electric fields, enables studies of the Fermi level position inside an InN bulk. Narrow PR resonance at 0.68 eV has been observed in the unintentionally doped n-InN layer at 10 K. Due to Mg doping this resonance broadens drastically and exhibits the Franz–Keldysh oscillations typical for band-to-band absorption in a region with strong band bending. Such changes in PR spectra are evidences of a strong Fermi level shift toward the valence band due to Mg doping in the probed bulklike region of a sample.
Chemical Modification of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes by Vacuum Ultraviolet Irradiation Dry Process (2006)

We developed a fast dry oxidation process for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) using short-wavelength UV [vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light (λmax=172 nm)] irradiation. We introduced carboxyl groups as many as 3% of carbon atoms within 1 min at room temperature using this process. MWNTs with the carboxyl groups were analyzed by attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The attachment of the carboxyl groups was further confirmed by reacting ferritin molecules with the MWNTs. The developed dry process with a high reaction rate is a powerful tool for the applications of carbon nanotubes in nanoelectronics.
On the Way to Selective PARP‐2 Inhibitors. Design, Synthesis, and Preliminary Evaluation of a Series of Isoquinolinone Derivatives (2008)

PARP-1 and PARP-2 are members of the family of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases, which are involved in the maintenance of genomic integrity under conditions of genotoxic stimuli. The different roles of the two isoforms under pathophysiological conditions have not yet been fully clarified, and this is partially due to the lack of selective inhibitors. We report herein the synthesis and preliminary pharmacological evaluation of a large series of isoquinolinone derivatives as PARP-1/PARP-2 inhibitors. Among them, we identified the 5-benzoyloxyisoquinolin-1(2 H)-one derivative as the most selective PARP-2 inhibitor reported so far, with a PARP-2/PARP-1 selectivity index greater than 60.
Lateral positioning at the dorsal midline: Slit and Roundabout receptors guide <i>Drosophila</i> heart cell migration (2006)

Heart morphogenesis requires the coordinated regulation of cell movements and cell-cell interactions between distinct populations of cardiac precursor cells. Little is known about the mechanisms that organize cardiac cells into this complex structure. In this study, we analyzed the role of Slit, an extracellular matrix protein and its transmembrane receptors Roundabout (Robo) and Roundabout2 (Robo2) during morphogenesis of the Drosophila heart tube, a process analogous to early heart formation in vertebrates. During heart assembly, two types of progenitor cells align into rows and coordinately migrate to the dorsal midline of the embryo, where they merge to assemble a linear heart tube. Here we show that cardiac-specific expression of Slit is required to maintain adhesion between cells within each row during dorsal migration. Moreover, differential Robo expression determines the relative distance each row is positioned from the dorsal midline. The innermost CBs express only Robo, whereas the flanking pericardial cells express both receptors. Removal of robo2 causes pericardial cells to shift toward the midline, whereas ectopic robo2 in CBs drives them laterally, resulting in an unfused heart tube. We propose a model in which Slit has a dual role during assembly of the linear heart tube, functioning to regulate both cell positioning and adhesive interactions between migrating cardiac precursor cells.
A novel fluorescent pH indicator for the acidic range. (1992)

Reaction of a commercial preparation of lissamine-rhodamine B sulfonyl chloride with primary amines gives rise to two sulfonamide derivatives, of which one behaves as a pH indicator with maximal fluorescence emission in the acidic range and a pKa of about 4.6. The structure of this derivative and the mechanism of fluorescence dependence on pH, elucidated by means of NMR, is presented.
Phosphorylation in Transcription: The CTD and More (2001)

Phosphorylation appears to be one mechanism in the regulation of transcription. Indeed, a multitude of factors involved in distinct steps of transcription, including RNA polymerase II, the general transcription factors, pre-mRNA processing factors, and transcription activators/repressors are phosphoproteins and serve as substrates for multiple kinases. Among these substrates, most attention has been paid in recent years to the phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II and its role in transcription regulation. Kinases responsible for such CTD phosphorylation that are associated with RNA polymerase II at distinct steps of transcription, such as cdk7 and cdk8, also phosphorylate some other components of the transcription machinery in a regulatory manner. These observations enlighten the pivotal role of such kinases in an entangled regulation of transcription by phosphorylation. Summarizing the phosphorylation of various components of the transcription machinery, we point out the variety of steps in transcription that are regulated by such protein modifications, envisioning an interconnection of the several stages of mRNA synthesis by phosphorylation.
E‐cadherin and its downstream catenins are proteolytically cleaved in human HaCaT keratinocytes exposed to UVB (2006)

It has been reported that ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation causes the loss of E-cadherin of melanocytes, leading them to escape from neighboring keratinocytes during melanoma development. However, little has been paid on its effect on E-cadherin of keratinocytes. In the present study we therefore focus on whether UVB affects expression of E-cadherin-catenin complex in human HaCaT keratinocytes. We found that E-cadherin, beta-, and gamma-catenin but not alpha-catenin were proteolytically cleaved in UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes. The effect was only observed in keratinocyte undergoing apoptosis. Cleavage of beta- and gamma-catenin was fully abolished by caspase-3 and caspase-8 inhibitors, whereas cleavage of E-cadherin was inhibited by neither caspase nor metalloproteinase inhibitors. Functional analysis showed that the cleavage resulted in the disruption of the physical association between E-cadherin and catenins, indicating that E-cadherin signaling was compromised in UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes. Because E-cadherin in keratinocytes plays important roles in mediating cell-cell adhesion in epidermis of skin, the loss of E-cadherin and signaling components in keratinocytes may lead to the disruption of skin integrity after UVB exposure.
Fast approximation of range images by triangular meshes generated through adaptive randomized sampling (2002)

This paper describes and evaluates an efficient technique that allows the fast generation of 3D triangular meshes from range images avoiding optimization procedures. Such a tool is advantageous in order to integrate range imagery into world models based on scattered representations. Furthermore, this technique can also be used as a fast preprocessing stage of registration, segmentation or recognition algorithms, owing to its abstraction capabilities that tend to eliminate redundant information. The proposed method has two stages: 1) the vertices of the mesh are computed through adaptive randomized sampling of the range image based on curvature estimations; and 2) the mesh is generated by triangulating the sampled vertices through an efficient 2 1/2 D Delaunay algorithm. The sampling process concentrates points in areas of large curvature and tends to preserve surface and orientation discontinuities. Multiresolution representations are supported in a natural way. The proposed technique is evaluated with several real range images that include both free-form and polyhedral surfaces.
Hardware-accelerated regular expression matching at multiple tens of Gb/s (2012)

Hardware acceleration of regular expression matching is key to meeting the throughput requirements of state-of-the-art network intrusion detection systems (NIDSs) dictated by fast growing link speeds. This paper presents extensions to a programmable state machine, called B-FSM, which was initially optimized for string matching. These extensions enable direct support in hardware for essential regular expression features, such as character classes and case insensitivity. Moreover, they also allow the exploitation of regular expression properties that show up at the data structure level as common transitions shared between multiple states, resulting in storage reductions of up to 95% for five NIDS pattern sets analyzed. Additional instruction support based on a flexible integration within the B-FSM data structure increases the processing capabilities and enables the scaling to larger pattern collections. The new IBM Power Edge of Network <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> processor employs the B-FSM technology to provide scanning capabilities at typical rates of 20-40 Gb/s.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF NON-UNIFORM GAS DIFFUSION LAYER POROSITY EFFECT ON POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL PERFORMANCE (2007)

Gas diffusion layers are essential components of proton exchange membrane fuel cell since the reactants should pass through these layers. Mass transport in these layers is highly dependent on porosity. Many of simulations have assumed, for simplicity, the porosity of GDL is constant, but in practice, there is a considerable variation in porosity along gas diffusion layers. In the present study the porosity variation in GDL is calculated by considering the applied pressure and the amount of water generated in the cell. A two dimensional mathematical model is developed to investigate the effect of stack compression and water generation on porosity of GDL and cell performance. The validity of the model is assessed by comparing the computed results with experimental data. The results show that when the electrical current density is low, the porosity variation in the gas diffusion layer has no significant influence on the level of polarization whereas at higher current density the influence is very significant. It is also shown that, the electrical current has a sharp gradient across the catalyst layer. Therefore, the better cell performance could be achieved by adding a certain amount of catalyst loading to each electrode, with respect to the reactant concentration.
Targeting HIF2 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (2016)

Inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor-suppressor protein (pVHL) is the signature "truncal" event in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, which is the most common form of kidney cancer. pVHL is part of a ubiquitin ligase the targets the α subunit of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription factor for destruction when oxygen is available. Preclinical studies strongly suggest that deregulation of HIF, and particularly HIF2, drives pVHL-defective renal carcinogenesis. Although HIF2α was classically considered undruggable, structural and chemical work by Rick Bruick and Kevin Gardner at University of Texas Southwestern laid the foundation for the development of small molecule direct HIF2α antagonists (PT2385 and the related tool compound PT2399) by Peloton Therapeutics that block the dimerization of HIF2α with its partner protein ARNT1. These compounds inhibit clear cell renal cell carcinoma growth in preclinical models, and PT2385 has now entered the clinic. Nonetheless, the availability of such compounds, together with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-based gene editing approaches, has revealed a previously unappreciated heterogeneity among clear cell renal carcinomas and patient-derived xenografts with respect to HIF2 dependence, suggesting that predictive biomarkers will be needed to optimize the use of such agents in the clinic.
Recognition and assessment of different factors which affect flicker in wind turbines (2015)

Similar to other distributed generation sources, wind turbines cause power quality disturbances (PQDs) issues in power systems. One of the most important PQDs that has bad effects on sensitive loads is flicker. In this study, an algorithm is presented for assessment and recognition of different factors causing flicker of wind turbines. Some aerodynamic factors (wind shear and tower shadow) and some mechanical factors (blade pitching errors, gearbox tooth crash and turbine blade break down) are modelled using fixed speed wind turbines. Then, wavelet transform and S‐transform are used to extract some dominant features voltage. Then, in order to avoid large dimension of feature vector, Relieff feature selection method is applied to extracted features. The probabilistic neural network (PNN) is used to classify above‐mentioned factors. The only adjusted parameter of the PNN classifier is determined by using the particle swarm optimisation technique. Moreover, the short‐term severity of flicker (Pst) is calculated for each type of fault as extra features to increase the severability of extracted features. Results show that the classifier can detect different causes of flicker event with high detection accuracy.
The Estrogen Receptor Relative Binding Affinities of 188 Natural and Xenochemicals: Structural Diversity of Ligands (2000)

We have utilized a validated (standardized) estrogen receptor (ER) competitive-binding assay to determine the ER affinity for a large, structurally diverse group of chemicals. Uteri from ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats were the ER source for the competitive-binding assay. Initially, test chemicals were screened at high concentrations to determine whether a chemical competed with [3H]-estradiol for the ER. Test chemicals that exhibited affinity for the ER in the first tier were subsequently assayed using a wide range of concentrations to characterize the binding curve and to determine each chemical's IC50 and relative binding affinity (RBA) values. Overall, we assayed 188 chemicals, covering a 1 x 10(6)-fold range of RBAs from several different chemical or use categories, including steroidal estrogens, synthetic estrogens, antiestrogens, other miscellaneous steroids, alkylphenols, diphenyl derivatives, organochlorines, pesticides, alkylhydroxybenzoate preservatives (parabens), phthalates, benzophenone compounds, and a number of other miscellaneous chemicals. Of the 188 chemicals tested, 100 bound to the ER while 88 were non-binders. Included in the 100 chemicals that bound to the ER were 4-benzyloxyphenol, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, and 2,2'-methylenebis(4-chlorophenol), compounds that have not been shown previously to bind the ER. It was also evident that certain structural features, such as an overall ring structure, were important for ER binding. The current study provides the most structurally diverse ER RBA data set with the widest range of RBA values published to date.
Removal of Dibenzofuran, Dibenzo- <i>p</i> -Dioxin, and 2-Chlorodibenzo- <i>p</i> -Dioxin from Soils Inoculated with <i>Sphingomonas</i> sp. Strain RW1 (1999)

Removal of dibenzofuran, dibenzo-p-dioxin, and 2-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2-CDD) (10 ppm each) from soil microcosms to final concentrations in the parts-per-billion range was affected by the addition of Sphingomonas sp. strain RW1. Rates and extents of removal were influenced by the density of RW1 organisms. For 2-CDD, the rate of removal was dependent on the content of soil organic matter (SOM), with half-life values ranging from 5.8 h (0% SOM) to 26.3 h (5.5% SOM).