gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Photoresponsive Organic−Inorganic Polymer Hybrids from Azobenzene-Modified Poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTSynthesis of Photoresponsive Organic−Inorganic Polymer Hybrids from Azobenzene-Modified Poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)Yusuke Imai, Kensuke Naka, and Yoshiki ChujoView Author Information Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-01, Japan Cite this: Macromolecules 1998, 31, 2, 532–534Publication Date (Web):January 1, 1998Publication History Received25 March 1997Revised2 December 1997Published online1 January 1998Published inissue 1 January 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma970407xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma970407xrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views340Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Absorption,Azobenzene,Isomerization,Organic polymers,Polymers Get e-Alerts
High affinity interaction of mibefradil with voltage‐gated calcium and sodium channels (2000)

Mibefradil is a novel Ca(2+) antagonist which blocks both high-voltage activated and low voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels. Although L-type Ca(2+) channel block was demonstrated in functional experiments its molecular interaction with the channel has not yet been studied. We therefore investigated the binding of [(3)H]-mibefradil and a series of mibefradil analogues to L-type Ca(2+) channels in different tissues. [(3)H]-Mibefradil labelled a single class of high affinity sites on skeletal muscle L-type Ca(2+) channels (K(D) of 2.5+/-0.4 nM, B(max)=56.4+/-2.3 pmol mg(-1) of protein). Mibefradil (and a series of analogues) partially inhibited (+)-[(3)H]-isradipine binding to skeletal muscle membranes but stimulated binding to brain L-type Ca(2+) channels and alpha1C-subunits expressed in tsA201 cells indicating a tissue-specific, non-competitive interaction between the dihydropyridine and mibefradil binding domain. [(3)H]-Mibefradil also labelled a heterogenous population of high affinity sites in rabbit brain which was inhibited by a series of nonspecific Ca(2+) and Na(+)-channel blockers. Mibefradil and its analogue RO40-6040 had high affinity for neuronal voltage-gated Na(+)-channels as confirmed in binding (apparent K(i) values of 17 and 1.0 nM, respectively) and functional experiments (40% use-dependent inhibition of Na(+)-channel current by 1 microM mibefradil in GH3 cells). Our data demonstrate that mibefradil binds to voltage-gated L-type Ca(2+) channels with very high affinity and is also a potent blocker of voltage-gated neuronal Na(+)-channels. More lipophilic mibefradil analogues may possess neuroprotective properties like other nonselective Ca(2+)-/Na(+)-channel blockers.
The LSU Reciprocation-Gait Orthosis (1983)

The LSU reciprocation-gait orthosis is a lightweight bracing device that gives structural support to the lower trunk and lower limbs of the paralytic patient while allowing, through a cable-coupling system, proper hip joint motion for walking.
Influence of vasopressin and calcium on electrolyte transport across isolated colonic mucosa of the rat. (1983)

Vasopressin enhanced the absorption of water and Na+ across everted sacs of rat colon descendens but had no effect on absorption across the colon ascendens. The short-circuit current (Isc) and open-circuit potential difference (p.d.) across the colon descendens were dose-dependently decreased by vasopressin. Isc and p.d. across the colon ascendens were not altered by vasopressin. In the colon descendens the decrease in Isc and p.d. was significant at 1 microu. vasopressin/ml and reached a maximum at 1 mu./ml. Propranolol and phentolamine or naloxone did not alter the decrease in Isc and p.d. to a submaximal dose of vasopressin. Vasopressin increased the mucosal to serosal flux of Na+ and Cl- and decreased the serosal to mucosal flux of Cl- across short-circuited colon descendens. Consequently these changes increased the net flux of Na+ and Cl-. Adenylate cyclase activity in homogenates of the colon descendens was not altered by vasopressin. Omission of Ca2+ from the serosal bathing solution reversibly decreased Isc and p.d. and increased Na+ and Cl- absorption across the colon descendens in a similar way as did vasopressin. The results suggest that the effect of vasopressin on the colon descendens may be due to a decrease in intracellular Ca2+ activity.
Two key chiral intermediates in a new 4-hydroxyisoleucine synthesis (2000)

We present the crystal and molecular structure of two key compounds of a new synthesis strategy for isomers of natural (2S,3R, 4S)-4-hydroxyisoleucines, 2,3,5,6,7, 8-hexahydro-3-(1-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-oxopropyl)-6,8-methano-7,7, 8a-trimethyl-5H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-one, C(16)H(23)NO(4), and 2,3,5,6,7, 8-hexahydro-3-(1-methyl-2-oxopropyl)-6,8-methano-7,7, 8a-trimethyl-5H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-one, C(16)H(23)NO(3). A new optically pure chiral oxazinone auxiliary derived from (1R,2R, 5R)-2-hydroxypinan-3-one was used.
Local treatment of malignant gliomas by direct infusion of specific monoclonal antibodies labeled with 131I: comparison of the results obtained in recurrent and newly diagnosed tumors. (1995)

Two murine monoclonal antibodies, BC-2 and BC-4, raised against tenascin and labeled with 131I were infused locally in the site of neoplastic disease by means of a removable (16 patients) or indwelling (34 patients) catheter. Fifty patients bearing a malignant glioma were treated. Twenty-six of these were suffering from recurrent disease; their tumors relapsed within 9 months (median) after treatment. The remaining 24 cases had a newly diagnosed tumor, and local radioimmunotherapy (RIT) was given immediately after surgery and radiochemotherapy. All efforts were made to reduce the tumor before the infusion of the radiopharmaceutical. Therefore, 22 cases with relapsing glioma underwent additional debulking surgery, which led to total or subtotal removal of tumor in 9 of the patients. Altogether, 28 patients had intralesional RIT when the disease was minimal or microscopic. Conversely, 22 cases underwent local RIT with a tumor the diameter of which was > 2 cm. In many cases, the infusions were repeated up to six times to achieve complete destruction of the neoplastic tissue. The local treatment did not give rise to systemic or to cerebral adverse effects. The labeled monoclonal antibodies, given directly in the site of the lesion, concentrated in very high amount in the neoplastic tissue and remained fixed in the target for a long period of time. For these reasons, the radiation dose to the tumor was remarkable (on average > 30,000 cGy/cycle) and consequently led to promising results. The median survival was, in total, 20 months (18 in recurrent tumors and 23 in newly diagnosed lesions). Moreover, median survival was 17 months in patients with bulky tumors (both recurrent and newly diagnosed tumors) and 26 months in patients with minimal or microscopic disease. The median time to progression was 3 months in recurrent and 7 months in newly diagnosed gliomas. Finally, RIT produced 3 CRs (all in recurrent tumors), 6 PRs (4 in recurrent and 2 in newly diagnosed), and 11 stabilizations of disease (4 in recurrent and 7 in newly diagnosed). In 19 cases (13 recurrent and 6 newly diagnosed) the progression of tumor was recorded. Eleven patients (2 recurrent and 9 newly diagnosed) who were treated by RIT when their disease was minimal and nondetectable by radiological methods remained disease-free and were classified as NED. The overall response rate (NED plus CR plus PR) was 40% (34.6% recurrent and 45.8% newly diagnosed).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Involvement of Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Member A1 activation in the irritation and pain response elicited by skin-lightening reagent hydroquinone (2017)

Hydroquinone (HQ) is one of the most frequently used and effective skin-lightening products to treat skin hyperpigmentation disorders, including postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma and solar lentigines. HQ is also widely used in cosmetic products for skin whitening. However, HQ treatment can evoke substantial skin irritation, a side effect that remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that HQ is an activator of the peripheral irritant receptor transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel member A1 (TRPA1). HQ failed to activate TRPV1, TRPV4 or TRPM8. HQ-induced TRPA1 activation was dependent on essential redox-sensitive cysteine and lysine residues within N-terminus of channel protein. HQ elicited Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx in a subpopulation of mouse sensory neurons sensitive to the TRPA1 agonist, mustard oil. HQ-induced neuronal responses were significantly reduced by TRPA1 inhibitors, and reduced in neurons isolated from Trpa1-deficient mice. In mice, intraplantar injection of HQ at clinically relevant concentrations elicited both acute pain and persistent mechanical hyperalgesia which were almost completely abolished by TRPA1 inhibitors. These findings identify TRPA1 as a molecular target for HQ and provide insights into the mechanism of HQ-induced skin irritation. These findings also suggest that selective TRPA1 antagonists may be useful to counteract HQ-induced skin irritation.
연구논문 : 스트레스이론의 비교 및 노인의 역할변화 연구에의 적용 (2002)

본 연구에서는 스트레스에 대한 사회적, 심리적 이론의 차이점을 스트레스 과정론(stress process)적 관점에서 분석하였다. 사회적 관점의 스트레스이론과 심리적 관점의 스트레스이론의 대표적인 차이는 스트레스원(stressors)과 스트레스의 매개변수(mediators)다. 사회적 스트레스이론의 대표적인 특성은 사회적인 여러 상황을 스트레스의 원인으로 또는 스트레스의 매개변수로 본다. 사회적 스트레스이론은 역할변화로 인한 스트레스인 역할긴장에 영향을 주는 상황적인 여러 요건들, 즉 연령, 성별, 사회계층 등을 고려해야 한다는 것이고 이러한 스트레스를 해소 시켜주는 매개체로 사회적 지지와 극복자원을 중요한 요소로 본다. 반면에 스트레스이론의 심리적 접근은 외부의 상황이 어떠하던지 간에 개인이 외부의 요구를 자신이 갖고있는 자원과 비교하여 어떻게 인지하느냐에 따라서 같은 사건을 놓고도 개인에 따라 스트레스에 대한 반응의 정도는 다르게 나타나게 된다. 심리적 스트레스이론의 중요한 점은 개인의 평가나 감정의 성향인 신념, 태도, 동기 등이나 개인이 상황을 어떻게 인지하고 해석하느냐는 것이다. 이와 같이 심리적 스트레스는 개인의 인지과정이 스트레스에 대한 반응을 나타내는 중요한 매개변수라는 것이다. 학자의 관심영역에 따라서 사용하는 이론이 다양하겠지만 노인의 역할변화(role change)로 인한 역할긴장(role strain)은 사회적 역할과 관련된 사회적 요인에 의한 스트레스다. 인간이 사회환경을 떠나서 존재할 수 없고 이러한 역할긴장으로 인한 스트레스가 사회적 상황으로 인하여 영향을 받기 때문에 사회적인 스트레스이론에 근거하여 역할긴장으로 인한 스트레스를 분석하고 그에 따른 스트레스의 해소방안을 사용할 때 효과적인 스트레스의 분석과 해소가 가능하리라고 볼 수 있을 것이다. 그러나 사회적인 스트레스이론과 심리적인 스트레스이론을 상호배타적으로 볼 수는 없을 것이다.
A batteryless wireless system uses ambient heat with a reversible-power-source compatible CMOS/SOI DC-DC converter (2003)

A 1mW, self-powered wireless system that utilizes ambient heat is described. A switched-capacitor DC-DC converter composed of fully-depleted SOI MOSFETs and a microthermoelectric module makes use of such heat possible. An experimental 300MHz band short-range wireless transmitter transmits from a distance of 5m using only heat from a hand or from water. The chip is fabricated in a 0.8/spl mu/m fully-depleted SOI process.
An analysis of EUV-resist outgassing measurements (2007)

Optics contamination is a concern for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. To protect EUV optics, all materials used in EUV vacuum exposure chambers must be screened prior to use. Photoresists are a concern since a freshly coated wafer will be introduced into the chamber approximately every minute in a high volume production tool. SEMATECH and the International EUV Initiative (IEUVI) have begun a resist outgassing benchmarking experiment to compare different outgassing methodologies. Samples of the same batch of resist were sent to eight researchers. The results show a large variation of four orders of magnitude in the amount of measured outgassing products. The next steps are to correlate outgassing measurements to witness plate experiments.
Diffraction losses and mode structure of equivalent TEM_00 optical resonators (1981)

A general description is given which allows one to determine the diffraction losses and mode structure (intensity and phase distribution) of any arbitrary TEM(00) laser resonator lying in the stable region of the stability diagram. By means of equivalence] relations and adaption of the aperture size to the size of the undisturbed Gaussian beam it is possible to reduce the number of characterizing parameters to two: the adapting factor s, the product (g(1) . g(2)). Numerical results are shown. The intensity pattern of the far field is discussed.
A New Protocol to Digest Human IgM with Papain that Results in Homogeneous Fab Preparations that Can Be Routinely Crystallized (1987)

A method has been developed for the routine production of Fab fragments from human IgM in high yield. After the IgM is purified at physiological pH, it is digested with papain in the presence of cysteine at room temperature for 16 hours. The Fab fragments are purified initially by gel filtration and then by ion exchange chromatography. The yield of Fab has been 60-80%. Some heterogeneity in the size of the Fabs from the different monoclonal IgMs has been observed. Fab fragments from four different IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) have been crystallized after such digestion and purification, in a variety of conditions including phosphate buffer alone or with the precipitating agents ammonium sulfate, polyethylene glycol or methylpentanediol. This modified papain digestion method has also been used for another non-RF monoclonal human IgM with equally good yield. Biological activity can be detected in the purified Fab fragment indicating that this procedure does not destroy the native conformation of the molecule.
Antitumor Effect of Docetaxel-Loaded Lipid Microbubbles Combined With Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Activation on VX2 Rabbit Liver Tumors (2010)

Docetaxel-loaded lipid microbubbles combined with UTMA could inhibit the growth of VX2 rabbit liver tumors by deferring proliferation and promoting apoptosis, which may provide a novel targeted strategy for chemotherapy of liver carcinoma.
Gold Particles as Templates for the Synthesis of Hollow Polymer Capsules. Control of Capsule Dimensions and Guest Encapsulation (1999)

A method for synthesizing hollow nanoscopic polypyrrole and poly(N-methylpyrrole) capsules is described. The method employs gold nanoparticles as templates for polymer nucleation and growth. Etching the gold leaves a structurally intact hollow polymer capsule with a shell thickness governed by polymerization time (ca. 5 to >100 nm) and a hollow core diameter dictated by the diameter of the template particle (ca. 5−200 nm). Transport rates of gold etchant through the polymer shell to the gold core were found to depend on the oxidation state of the polymer, those rates being a factor of 3 greater for the reduced form of the polymer. We show for the first time that not only is the particle a useful template material but also that it can be employed to deliver guest molecules into the capsule core. For example, ligands attached to the gold surface prior to poly(N-methylpyrrole) formation remained trapped inside the hollow capsule following polymer formation and gold etching.
Which Elasticity Tensors are Realizable? (1995)

It is shown that any given positive definite fourth order tensor satisfying the usual symmetries of elasticity tensors can be realized as the effective elasticity tensor of a two-phase composite comprised of a sufficiently compliant isotropic phase and a sufficiently rigid isotropic phase configured in an suitable microstructure. The building blocks for constructing this composite are what we call extremal materials. These are composites of the two phases which are extremely stiff to a set of arbitrary given stresses and, at the same time, are extremely compliant to any orthogonal stress. An appropriately chosen subset of the extremal materials are layered together to form the composite with elasticity tensor matching the given tensor.
Overview and development trends in the field of MEMS packaging (2001)

Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) packaging is expensive and product and application specific. Single chip packages for IC's are only for some microsystems applicable. Cost efficient MEMS packaging focuses wafer level packaging (WLP). An identical trend is observed in IC packaging. Chip size packages (CSP) are fabricated by WLP. Future microelectronic system will be fabricated by wafer level assembly of multiple components on a base chip. System on package (SOP) techniques including 3D cubic integration will be used. For MEMS packaging a Modular MEMS system integration (MOMEMS) is proposed. Cubic integration by stacking of CSP packaged MEMS modules contribute to an economic realization of low volume microsystems.
Integral Membrane Protein Sorting to Vacuoles in Plant Cells: Evidence for Two Pathways (1998)

Plant cells may contain two functionally distinct vacuolar compartments. Membranes of protein storage vacuoles (PSV) are marked by the presence of alpha-tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP), whereas lytic vacuoles (LV) are marked by the presence of gamma-TIP. Mechanisms for sorting integral membrane proteins to the different vacuoles have not been elucidated. Here we study a chimeric integral membrane reporter protein expressed in tobacco suspension culture protoplasts whose traffic was assessed biochemically by following acquisition of complex Asn-linked glycan modifications and proteolytic processing, and whose intracellular localization was determined with confocal immunofluorescence. We show that the transmembrane domain of the plant vacuolar sorting receptor BP-80 directs the reporter protein via the Golgi to the LV prevacuolar compartment, and attaching the cytoplasmic tail (CT) of gamma-TIP did not alter this traffic. In contrast, the alpha-TIP CT prevented traffic of the reporter protein through the Golgi and caused it to be localized in organelles separate from ER and from Golgi and LV prevacuolar compartment markers. These organelles had a buoyant density consistent with vacuoles, and alpha-TIP protein colocalized in them with the alpha-TIP CT reporter protein when the two were expressed together in protoplasts. These results are consistent with two separate pathways to vacuoles for membrane proteins: a direct ER to PSV pathway, and a separate pathway via the Golgi to the LV.
Ecologically seIective coIoured traps (1984)

Abstract. 1. This paper analyses catches of flower thrips, grass thrips and predatory flies in water‐traps of seven colours. 2. A correlation is demonstrated between type of host‐plant of thrips and the relative numbers caught by traps of different colours. 3. The literature is reviewed and some general relationships with the effectiveness of different trap colours are hypothesized for: non‐grass foliage insects and their predators and parasites; grass foliage insects; flower‐dwelling insects; predators and parasites not associated with foliage; biting insects; and wood‐borers. 4. This may permit trap colours to be chosen, in particular circumstances, that are ecologically selective for different types of insect.
Induction of dsRNA-activated protein kinase links mitochondrial unfolded protein response to the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation (2011)

PKR integrates mtUPR into the disease-relevant ER UPR via eIF2α phosphorylation and AP1 activation. Induction of mtUPR and PKR was observed in IECs from murine models and patients with IBDs. The authors' results indicate that PKR might link mitochondrial stress to intestinal inflammation.
International Asset Allocation with Time-Varying Correlations (1999)

It is widely believed that correlations between international equity markets tend to increase in highly volatile bear markets. This has led some to doubt the benefits of international diversification. This article solves the dynamic portfolio choice problem of a US investor faced with a time-varying investment opportunity set which may be characterized by correlations and volatilities that increase in bad times. We model the state dependance of US, UK, and German equity returns using a regime-switching model and find evidence for the existence of a high volatility regime, in which returns are more highly correlated and have lower means. Solving the dynamic asset allocation problem for a CCRA investor, we show international diversification is still valuable with regime changes. Currency hedging imparts further benefit. The costs of ignoring the regimes are small for moderate levels of risk aversion, and the intertemporal hedging demands induced by time-varying correlations are negligible.
Fast and efficient phase conflict detection and correction in standard-cell layouts (2005)

Alternating-aperture phase shift masking (AAPSM), a form of strong resolution enhancement technology (RET) is used to image critical features on the polysilicon layer at smaller technology nodes. This technology imposes additional constraints on the layouts beyond traditional design rules. Of particular note is the requirement that all critical features be flanked by opposite-phase shifters, while the shifters obey minimum width and spacing requirements. A layout is called phase-assignable if it satisfies this requirement. Phase conflicts between shifters have to be removed to enable the use of AAPSM for layouts that air not phase-assignable. Previous work has sought to detect a suitable set of phase conflicts to be removed, as well as correct them as well as correct them. This paper has two key contributions: (1) a new computationally efficient approach to detect a minimal set of phase conflicts, which when corrected produces a phase-assignable layout; (2) a novel layout modification scheme for correcting these phase conflicts in standard-cell blocks. Unlike previous formulations of this problem, the proposed solution for the conflict detection problem does not frame it as a graph bipartization problem. Instead, a simpler and more computationally efficient reduction is proposed. This simplification greatly improves the runtime, while maintaining the same improvements ill the quality of results. An average runtime speedup of 5.9/spl times/ is achieved using the new flow. A new layout modification scheme for correcting phase conflicts in large standard-cell blocks is also proposed. The proposed layout modification scheme can handle all phase conflicts in large standard-cell blocks with small increases in area. Our experiments show that the percentage area increase for making typical standard-cell blocks phase-assignable ranges from 3.4-9.1%.