gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Germanium-73 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of germanium tetrahalides (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGermanium-73 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of germanium tetrahalidesR. G. Kidd and H. G. SpinneyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 1, 88–90Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00782a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00782a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Organogenesis from Helianthus annuus Inbreds and Hybrids from the Cotyledons of Zygotic Embryos (1987)

Dormant mature and immature zygotic embryos of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) inbreds and hybrids were dissected and cultured on modified Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA), 0.5 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), adenine sulfate, and casamino acids. For certain inbreds and hybrids, adventitious shoot formation occurred from callused cotyledonary tissue, particularly along the cut edges. The developmental stage of the zygotic embryo was critical. Eighty percent of immature H. annuus ‘Mammoth Russian’ embryos produced adventitious shoots from cotyledons, while mature embryos did not. The organogenic potential of mature cotyledons diminished as soon as one day after germination was initiated. Different forms of regeneration were observed in two inbred lines, and when these were crossed, both forms of regeneration were observed at a lower frequency from the immature embryos of the hybrid. Rooted shoots were successfully grown to maturity in a greenhouse.
Estimation of the Roll Angle in a Spinning Guided Munition Shell (2006)

A projectile in flight follows a trajectory defined by an interaction of gravity, aerodynamics, and mechanical forces due to spin, shape and possible steering fins. The projectile’s flight phases can be described in terms of a pre-launch phase, launch phase, and ballistic phase. Generally the navigation system cannot navigate through the high-g launch phase. However, after the high-g launch phase, at the start of the ballistic phase, the navigation system has to be aligned before it can navigate. Pre-launch, parameters such as elevation angle, muzzle velocity, heading and typical spin rate for the type of shell are known. After the short launch phase these pre-launch parameters’ errors are still small enough in pitch and heading to adequately initialize the navigation system. Due to the projectile's spin, its rapidly changing roll angle is however not known. The process of estimating the roll angle in a spinning projectile is usually referred to as ‘upfinding’. Honeywell has developed innovative methods to provide solutions to the upfinding problem in spinning projectiles by using Phase-Lock Loop and correlator algorithms that can be enhanced with complementary filters to dampen aerodynamic effects. This paper presents a new upfinding solution that is simple and work by using either gyro data or a combination of both accelerometer and gyro data in the upfinding process. This solution establishes the roll angle to a degree that is sufficient for a successful subsequent fine alignment and navigation phase. This algorithm can be applied to gun-launched guidance and navigation systems in ballistic trajectories to align the inertial navigation system.
Effects of indole alkaloids from Gardneria nutans Sieb. et Zucc. and Uncaria rhynchophylla Miq. on a guinea pig urinary bladder preparation in situ. (1979)

The effects of six indole alkaloids on parasympathetic ganglionic transmission were studied in a preparation of the guinea pig urinary bladder in situ. The effect of hirsutine on spontaneous movement of the organ was also examined. Among these alkaloids, gardneramine and hirsutine most potently inhibited the contraction of the urinary bladder induced by electrical stimulation of the pelvic nerves. Their potency was about one-half of that of hexamethonium. The effect of gardneramine was of short duration. Both alkaloids depressed the contraction induced by intraarterial dimethylphenylpiperazinium, with no antagonizing action to the acetylcholine-induced contraction. Hirsutine showed a local anesthetic action in the isolated frog sciatic nerve preparation, while other alkaloids had only a weak effect. Hirsutine, isorhynchophylline, and gardnerine elevated the tone of the spontaneous movement of the organ and augmented its amplitude. The stimulating action of hirsutine was not affected by pretreatment with tetrodotoxin, atropine, diphenhydramine, or hexamethonium.
Mechanical Property Modification and Morphology of Poly(styrene-b-hydrogenated butadiene-b-styrene)/ Poly(hydrogenated butadiene) Blends (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanical Property Modification and Morphology of Poly(styrene-b-hydrogenated butadiene-b-styrene)/ Poly(hydrogenated butadiene) BlendsJ. P. Baetzold, I. Gancarz, X. Quan, and J. T. KobersteinCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 19, 5329–5340Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00097a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00097a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fibroblast growth factor regulation of neovascularization (2008)

Although fibroblast growth factors are potent angiogenic factors, they may indirectly control neovascularization in concert with other growth factors. Thus, the unique role played by fibroblast growth factors might be organization of various angiogenic pathways and coordination of cell-cell interactions in this process.
Ontology-based knowledge management (2002)

The Web's very popularity is making it more difficult to find, present, and maintain the data that users with a wide range of tasks and computer skills need. Existing document management systems use keyword matching as a search method, combined with information retrieval rather than query answering. In addition, these systems offer limited information-sharing facilities, and they do not support different views on documents or information maintenance. To address these weaknesses, a European consortium formed the On-to-Knowledge Project to build an ontology-based tool suite that efficiently processes the many heterogeneous, distributed, and semistructured documents typically found in intranets and on the Web. The consortium's approach integrates Semantic Web search technology, document exchange via transformation operators, automated information extraction, and systematic support for information maintenance and user-specific views. The paper considers how On-to-Knowledge's tools exploit the power of ontologies to provide automated support for acquiring, maintaining, and accessing weakly structured information sources.
Standardization in the United Kingdom (1959)

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is served by the British Standards Institution (BSI) as the recognized national organization for the preparation and publication of national standards.
Modeling of the curing kinetics of an acrylic bone cement modified with hydroxyapatite (2003)

In this work, setting kinetics of a poly(methylmethacrylate-co-styrene) bone cement with and without hydroxyapatite filler were studied. Three types of hydroxyapatite with different morphologies were used. Polymerization kinetics were followed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). A modification to the Maffezoli kinetic model for bone cement curing process is presented. The proposed kinetic model can predict the whole curing kinetics process of the bone cements studied here. It clearly follows the delay in the "autoacceleration effect" caused by the hydroxyapatites and can predict the behavior of k t , as the system approaches limiting conversion.
Sulforaphane enhances temozolomide‐induced apoptosis because of down‐regulation of miR‐21 via Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in glioblastoma (2015)

Temozolomide (TMZ) has been widely used in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM), although inherent or acquired resistance restricts the application. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sulforaphane (SFN) to TMZ-induced apoptosis in GBM cells and the potential mechanism. Biochemical assays and subcutaneous tumor establishment were used to characterize the function of SFN in TMZ-induced apoptosis. Our results revealed that β-catenin and miR-21 were concordantly expressed in GBM cell lines, and SFN significantly reduced miR-21 expression through inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin/TCF4 pathway. Furthermore, down-regulation of miR-21 enhanced the pro-apoptotic efficacy of TMZ in GBM cells. Finally, we observed that SFN strengthened TMZ-mediated apoptosis in a miR-21-dependent manner. In conclusion, SFN effectively enhances TMZ-induced apoptosis by inhibiting miR-21 via Wnt/β-catenin signaling in GBM cells. These findings support the use of SFN for potential therapeutic approach to overcome TMZ resistance in GBM treatment. Our studies indicate that sulforaphane (SFN) enhances temozolomide (TMZ)-induced apoptosis because of down-regulation of miR-21 through Wnt/β-catenin signaling in glioblastoma (GBM) cells. These findings demonstrate SFN could be considered as a potential adjuvant therapeutic agent in treating GBM patients combined with TMZ in the future to affect resistance emergence. The further explorations are essential for the clinical application of SFN in GBM patients, and our results reveal an important mechanism of SFN chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity. Chr17, chromosome 17.
Current closure for the electrodynamic tether (2002)

Summary form only given, as follows. One of the outstanding issues in the operation of an electrodynamic tether in space is the collection and return of electrons by the payload. In the tethered-satellite-system experiment, the tethered satellite is expected to collect electrons, and the collected current is returned from the shuttle using an electron gun. Is a current closure involving the collected and returned electrons essential for the operation of the electrodynamic tether? Since the tether system moves with an orbital velocity of about 8 km/s, the current closure leading to the neutralization of the space charges created by the collection of electrons by the satellite and the ejection of the current from the shuttle occurs behind the system in the wake region. On the other hand, the electron collection occurs from the fresh plasma into which the satellite continually ploughs through. If the collected current is efficiently ejected using the electron gun from the shuttle, the problem of current collection is separated from that of current closure behind the system. The space charges left behind in the wake should be neutralized by appropriate current system set up in the infinitely large volume of the space plasma. Both these problems of current collection and charge neutralization are simulated using particle-in-cell (PIC) codes. Both 2.5-D and fully 3-D codes are employed to study the problems. Results from such simulations are presented.
Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>· xH<sub>2</sub>O Catalytic Esterification of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids with Alcohols (1998)

Abstract Treatment of various alcohols with aliphatic carboxylic acids in the presence of a catalytic amount of Fe2(SO4)3 · xH2O to give the corresponding esters in good yields.
Endothelin Signaling and Actions in the Renal Mesangium (2011)

Endothelins (ETs), and particularly ET-1, activate a complex network of interconnected signaling cascades in mesangial glomerular cells, which play an important role in the physiology and pathophysiology of the glomerulus. Excessive stimulation of ET-1 production by mesangial cells results in activation of a wide variety of signaling pathways in the renal mesangium, which is at least partially responsible for glomerular damage in the setting of diabetes, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis. Mesangial cells express both types of ET receptors (ET(A)-R and ET(B)-R), which are G protein-coupled receptors. ET-1 induces mobilization of Ca(2+); activation of phospholipases A, C, and D; activation of protein kinase C; GTP-loading of several families of small GTPases; and activation of intracellular tyrosine kinases resulting in protein tyrosine phosphorylation of adaptor, scaffolding, and signaling proteins. ET-1-triggered posttranslational modification of signaling molecules sets the base for the formation of multiunit signaling complexes which define the specificity of ET signaling. Long-term effects of ET-1 are also mediated via increased expression of particular signaling proteins. It is likely that ET-1 acts via ET(A)-R to trigger the contraction of mesangial cells, which decreases glomerular filtration area and reduces the glomerular filtration rate, promoting impaired renal function. Proliferation of mesangial cells is observed in the progress of several types of glomerulonephritis. ET-1 is a potent mitogen of mesangial cells and the ability of ET-1 to support mesangial cell proliferation is likely to be associated with both recruitment of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases which activate the Shc-Sos-Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling pathway and transactivation of the EGF receptor. The guanine nucleotide exchange factor βPix and the adaptor protein p66(Shc) are important players in Akt-independent inactivation of FOXO3a transcription factor. This results in the depletion of the inhibitor of cell cycle progression p27(kip1), and promotion of mesangial cell proliferation. Plentiful evidence suggests an essential role of ET-1-signaling and action in the renal mesangium for renal biology and pathobiology.
A novel rabbit model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy generated by CRISPR/Cas9 (2018)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked muscle-wasting disorder caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene, with an incidence of 1 in 3500 in new male births. <i>Mdx</i> mice are widely used as an animal model for DMD. However, these mice do not faithfully recapitulate DMD patients in many aspects, rendering the preclinical findings in this model questionable. Although larger animal models of DMD, such as dogs and pigs, have been generated, usage of these animals is expensive and only limited to several facilities in the world. Here, we report the generation of a rabbit model of DMD by co-injection of Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA targeting exon 51 into rabbit zygotes. The <i>DMD</i> knockout (KO) rabbits exhibit the typical phenotypes of DMD, including severely impaired physical activity, elevated serum creatine kinase levels, and progressive muscle necrosis and fibrosis. Moreover, clear pathology was also observed in the diaphragm and heart at 5 months of age, similar to DMD patients. Echocardiography recording showed that the DMD KO rabbits had chamber dilation with decreased ejection fraction and fraction shortening. In conclusion, this novel rabbit DMD model generated with the CRISPR/Cas9 system mimics the histopathological and functional defects in DMD patients, and could be valuable for preclinical studies.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
MIMO Cross-Layer Secure Communication Architecture Based on STBC (2010)

The wireless networks lack a physical boundary due to the broadcasting nature of wireless transmissions. The security has become a critical concern in the physical layer of wireless networks. In this work, we present a cross-layer security scheme for STBC system. By introducing a distort signal set the sender randomly flip-flops between the distort signal set and the orthogonal code set to confuse the attacker. The physical-layer security is enhanced as a result. In the proposed scheme the physical-layer may rely on upper-layer encryption techniques for security, which results in a cross-layer security scheme.
Bipyridyl ligands as photoactivatable mono- and bis-alkylating agents capable of DNA cross-linking (2006)

The photoactivation of 6,6'-bis-CH2X-[2,2']bipyridinyl-5,5'-diol ligands as mono and bis-alkylating agents has been investigated, detecting transient heterocyclic quinone methides.
Candidiasis: Detection by Gas-Liquid Chromatography of D-Arabinitol, a Fungal Metabolite, in Human Serum (1979)

D-Arabinitol was identified as a major metabolite of Candida species in human subjects. Gas-liquid chromatography was used to measure the concentration of D-arabinitol in serum. The study included subjects who were healthy and cancer patients who had proven invasive candidiasis or were colonized with Candida. D-Arabinitol concentrations greater than 1.0 microgram per milliliter were found in serum from patients with invasive infection. This technique may prove valuable in the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis.
Novel methode of state-of-charge estimation using in-situ impedance measurement: Single cells in-situ impedance measurement based state-of-charge estimation for LiFePO<sub>4</sub> — Li<sub>2</sub>TO<sub>3</sub> Battery Cells with a real BMS (2014)

The major tasks of Battery Management Systems (BMS) are to guaranty safe operation conditions and to maintain every single cell of the whole battery pack. These tasks require measurements and balancing processes for each cell. Especially new lithium ion cell chemistries reveal hard conditions on the BMS to estimate hardly measurable state variables like the State of Charge (SoC) or the State of Health (SoH). The capability to exactly estimate these conditions represents the fundamental requirement for the economical operation of the battery pack This paper describes a method to estimate the SoC for every single cell based on impedance spectroscopy measurements. For that purpose a genetic algorithm (GA) is developed running on an electronic control unit (ECU) of the BMS to determine significant parameters which offer the opportunity to estimate the actual SoC. In this paper the impedance spectroscopy is measured in the laboratory. Future work will include an measurement electronic on the BMS to determine the impedance in-situ.
The next software revolution (2003)

We are on the threshold of another revolution in software technology. Previous revolutions have made it dramatically easier for people to write, distribute, use and reuse software. This revolution will provide software agents with the ability to do things for themselves. More specifically, it will provide the means for making software agents autonomous (so that burdensome managerial superstructures become unnecessary) and collaborative (so agents can work together in large groups on big and difficult tasks).
Anti-tumor and anti-vascular effects of the novel tubulin-binding agent combretastatin A-1 phosphate. (2003)

The combretastatins are derived from an African medicinal plant Combretum caffrum (Combretaceae). They have previously been shown to be potent inhibitors of microtubule assembly that cause marked haemorrhagic necrosis in murine subcutaneous tumors. Promising clinical trial results with combretastatin A-4 phosphate led to this investigation of the anti-tumor and anti-vascular effects of a close structural analog, combretastatin A-1 phosphate. This compound caused identical disruption of the tubulin cytoskeleton in HUVECs in vitro at similar concentrations and duration of exposure as combretastatin A-4 phosphate. Treatment of a well-vascularised murine colon adenocarcinoma (MAC 29) with an effective dose (150 mg/kg) of combretastatin A-1 phosphate resulted in a dramatic decrease in functional vascular volume 2 hours after administration. Vascular shutdown was complete within 4 hours after treatment apart from in small areas of the tumor periphery. Morphological examination of hepatic deposits of HT29 and DLD-1 human colon tumors in nude mice demonstrated that combretastatin A-1 phosphate displays greater anti-tumor effects than the A-4 analog at the same dose and this order of activity (A-1 > A-4) is mirrored in the subcutaneous site with the same tumor type. In summary, combretastatin A-1 phosphate can exert its anti-tumor action via an anti-vascular mechanism. The results indicate that, despite having similar in vitro anti-tubulin properties, combretastatin A-1 phosphate seems to have greater in vivo anti-tumor activity than combretastatin A-4 phosphate at the same doses and may therefore be more successful in the clinic.
Measurement of a reciprocal four‐port transmission line structure using the 16‐term error model (2007)

Abstract A new method to measure reciprocal four‐port structures, using a 16‐term error model, is presented. The measurement is based on 5 two‐port calibration standards connected to two of the ports, while the network analyzer is connected to the two remaining ports. Least‐squares‐fit data reduction techniques are used to lower error sensitivity. The effect of connectors is deembedded using closed‐form equations. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 1511–1515, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22498
Long range E-0 Reconnaissance System And Flight Test Results (1985)

Beginning 1977, Fairchild Weston Systems developed a long-range E-0 Reconnaissance System. The goal was to develop and experimentally demonstrate the capabilities of a sensor using Charge Coupled Device (CCD) Time Delay and Integration, (TM) technology. It was shown to be possible to electronically subtract the background, due to haze, from each picture element (PIXEL) and amplify the remaining differences to enhance the reproduced scene. The large image signal-to-noise ratio required was ob-tained through the use of a TDI. An optically contiguous focal plane, built up of TDI chips, was integrated into a long focal length camera, which was test-flown. This paper describes the experiment and the results obtained.