gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interleukin 9 induces expression of three cytokine signal inhibitors: cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein, suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS)-2 and SOCS-3, but only SOCS-3 overexpression suppresses interleukin 9 signalling (2000)

Interleukin 9 (IL-9) is a cytokine preferentially produced by T helper type 2 lymphocytes and active on various cell types such as T- and B-lymphocytes, mast cells and haemopoietic progenitors. The IL-9 receptor (IL-9R) belongs to the haemopoietic receptor superfamily and its signal transduction involves mainly the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway. Here we studied the implication of a novel family of suppressors of cytokine signalling (called CIS, for cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein, and SOCS, for suppressor of cytokine signalling) in IL-9 signal attenuation. In BW5147 T-cell lymphoma, IL-9 induced the rapid expression of CIS, SOCS-2 and SOCS-3 with a peak after 2h of stimulation. Using IL-9R mutants, we showed that STAT activation is required for CIS/SOCS induction: CIS and SOCS-2 expression was induced either via STAT1 and/or STAT3 or via STAT5 but only STAT1 and/or STAT3 were involved in SOCS-3 expression. The effect of these three proteins on IL-9 signal transduction was assessed by transient transfection in HEK-293 cells expressing the components of the IL-9 signalling pathway and a STAT-responsive reporter construct. These experiments showed that only SOCS-3 is able to inhibit IL-9-induced signal transduction; neither CIS nor SOCS-2 exerted any effect. Stable transfection of CIS and SOCS-3 in BW5147 lymphoma cells showed that only overexpression of SOCS-3 had an inhibitory activity on STAT activation, gene induction and the anti-apoptotic activity of IL-9. By contrast, CIS failed to affect the IL-9 response.
Based digital signal processor to develop the M3S novel kernel system (2004)

The multiple masters multiple slave (M3S) is an intelligent protocol. It provides the disable a concrete integral control for his movement, working, environment control and communication. This is an integrated real time control capability protocol. It is a plug and play device interface. Once plug-in, the new device with integrate and communicate with existing devices in use. Our proposal is aim at this purpose. We intend to design and develop a M3S protocol that meets the requirement lay down in the M3S working group. Integrating different types of tools will absolutely bring lots of comforts to the disable. We set up the system using equipments purchase from the market, tested the system and ready it to be tested by other subgroups.
Impaired Platelet Production of Nitric Oxide Predicts Presence of Acute Coronary Syndromes (1998)

In summary, aggregating platelets from patients with acute coronary syndromes produce less NO. Since platelet aggregation and thrombus formation are implicated in unstable angina and myocardial infarction, impaired platelet-derived NO production may contribute to the development of acute coronary syndromes.
Determinants of Self-Selected Walking Pace Across Ages 19 to 66 (1982)

To describe the association between self-selected speeds of walking, and age, maximal aerobic power, and body size, 84 men aged 19 to 66 years were asked to walk at four self-selected paces, from rather slowly to as fast as possible. Speed of walking was measured over a 240-m indoor course. Maximal oxygen uptake was determined on a treadmill. The speed of walking was significantly slower in the oldest (55 to 66 years) compared with the youngest group (19 to 29 years) at the normal fast, and as fast as possible speeds. However, when age, weight, height, and fatness were held constant in a multiple regression model, VO2 max was significantly related to speed of walking at the three fastest walking paces. Age was not significantly related to speed of walking at any pace. Thus, this study indicated that the speed of self-selected walking paces was associated with maximal aerobic power independent of age.
The Green’s Function (2005)

The criterion $$ ||u_0 ||_1 < 4\pi $$ is sharp for Tmax = +8∞ the simplified system of the (N) field, 5.1 $$ \begin{gathered} u_t = \nabla \cdot \left( {\nabla u - u\nabla \left( {v{\text{ + }}\log {\mathbf{ }}W} \right)} \right){\mathbf{ }}{\text{in}}{\mathbf{ }}\Omega \times \left( {{\text{0,}}T} \right), \hfill \\ 0 = \Delta v - av{\text{ + }}u{\mathbf{ }}{\text{in}}{\mathbf{ }}\Omega \times \left( {{\text{0,}}T} \right), \hfill \\ \frac{\partial } {{\partial v}}u - u\frac{\partial } {{\partial v}}\left( {v{\text{ + }}\log W} \right) = 0{\mathbf{ }}{\text{on}}{\mathbf{ }}\partial \Omega \times \left( {{\text{0,}}T} \right), \hfill \\ \frac{{\partial v}} {{\partial v}} = 0{\mathbf{ }}{\text{on}}{\mathbf{ }}\partial \Omega \times \left( {{\text{0,}}T} \right), \hfill \\ u|_{t = 0} = u_0 \left( x \right){\mathbf{ }}{\text{in}}{\mathbf{ }}\Omega \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ and in this chapter we prove the following theorem [146].
Stability analysis of double EWMA run-to-run control with metrology delay (2002)

The double exponentially weighted moving average (d-EWMA) feedback controller is a popular algorithm for controlling semiconductor manufacturing processes which have a deterministic drift. Like all controllers, a poorly tuned d-EWMA controller can result in system instabilities. This paper examines stability bounds for the tuning parameters of both single input-single output (SISO) and multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) d-EWMA controllers when there is plant-model mismatch and delay between product manufacturing and product metrology. In addition, a simulation of chemical mechanical planarization run-to-run (R2R) control is included to illustrate the importance of performing stability analysis in choosing d-EWMA tuning parameters.
Japanese attitudes toward English accents (1995)

ABSTRACT: In Japan, students seem to resort to American English when it comes to deciding the model for their English. This study focuses on the attitudes of Japanese university students toward varieties of spoken English. The study is based on the results of our previous research (Matsuura et al. 1994), which showed the preference for American English among Japanese students. The aim of this study is to examine the relation between the acceptance of varieties of English spoken by native and non‐native speakers and the attitudes toward people, culture, and English learning. The results obtained have demonstrated the following points: first, subjects with more instrumental motivation are more positive towards non‐native English accents than those with less instrumental motivation; second, the level of subjects’ respect for indigenous languages affects their attitudes toward non‐native English accents; and third, the subjects’ familiarity with accents has an influence on their acceptance of varieties of English.
Zirconium and Zirconium Compounds (2013)

Abstract Zirconium occurs naturally as a silicate in zircon, the oxide baddeleyite, and in other oxide compounds. Zircon has been known as a gem material since biblical times. Zirconium is a highly active metal and is resistant to corrosion by water, steam, mineral acids,alkalies, salts, etc. Zirconium is highly refractory and the ore is cracked with only strong reagents and high temperatures. Various processes accomplish this, such as electric furnace, cautic fusion, chlorination, fluorosilicate fusion. Zirconium and hafnium always occur together in natural minerals and separation of the two are discussed. Zirconium is not considered a hazard to the environment. Zircon ceramics, opacifiers, refractories, foundry application are the leading end uses for zirconium. Other end uses include abrasives, chemicals, metal alloys, and welding rod coatings. There are many zirconium compounds in the form of hydrides, carbides, nitrides, oxides, halides, organometallics, chalcogenides, oxides, etc. Information is given on many of these compounds.
Fine Chemical Synthesis – Homogeneous (2002)

Abstract Use of homogeneous catalysis for fine chemical production is rapidly expanding. Advantages of its use are high chemo‐, regio‐, and enantioselectivity, which can be tuned by ligand design. Use of catalysis also leads to cleaner production processes. A third adavantage are the mild conditions that are often possible, which allows the application of homogeneous catalysis as a late step in a total synthesis. Often protective groups are unnecessary. While in the past homogeneous catalysis was mainly used for second‐generation processes of rather large products, it is now increasingly used in the first production processes. This is related to an increased availability of catalysts with sufficient rate and stability. In addition, high throughput experimentation allows rapid screening of these catalysts. While several hundred reactions are known that are catalyzed by homogeneous transition metal catalysts, only a limited number of these are applied for fine chemical production. They can be subdivided into four main classes: hydrogenation, carbon–carbon bond formation, carbon–heteroatom bond formation, and isomerization reactions. Important requirements are rate of the reaction, expressed as turnover frequency (TOF) and catalyst stability, expressed as turnover number (TON). Examples are given of many processes on scales varying from 1 to 10,000 ton/year. Recycle of catalysts is rarely practiced in fine chemical production, as the extra unit operations involved does not outweigh the gains of a reuse of the catalyst. Immobilization of homogeneous transition metal catalysts often leads to loss of activity and selectivity. In addition catalyst deactivation makes this an unattractive option. Emphasis is on the development of very fast catalysts. The metal is usually sent to the producer for reclaiming and refining. Two‐phase catalysis might be a viable option for catalyst recycle. Double digit growth is expected in the coming years for the application of homogeneous catalysis in the production of fine chemicals.
CodY Is a Nutritional Repressor of Flagellar Gene Expression in<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (2003)

Expression of the sigma(D)-dependent flagellin gene, hag, is repressed by the CodY protein in nutrient-rich environments. Analysis of a codY mutant bearing a hag-lacZ reporter suggests that the availability of amino acids in the environment is the specific signal that triggers this repression. Further, hag-lacZ expression appears to be sensitive to intracellular GTP levels, as demonstrated by increased expression upon addition of decoyinine. This result is consistent with the postulate that the availability of amino acids in the environment effects intracellular GTP levels through the stringent response. However, the levels of hag-lacZ measured upon the addition of subsets of amino acids suggest an additional mechanism(s). CodY is a DNA binding protein that could repress flagellin expression directly by binding to the hag promoter region, or indirectly by binding to the fla/che promoter region that governs expression of the sigma(D) transcriptional activator required for hag gene expression. Using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, we have demonstrated that purified CodY protein binds specifically to both the hag and fla/che promoter fragments. Additionally, CodY acts as a nutritional repressor of transcription from the fla/che promoter region that contains two functional promoters. CodY binds to both the sigma(D)- and sigma(A)-dependent promoters in this region, as demonstrated by DNase I footprint analyses. Footprint analyses of the hag gene demonstrated that CodY binds downstream of its sigma(D)-dependent promoter. Taken together, these results identify new members of the CodY regulon that encode motility functions in Bacillus subtilis and are controlled by the sigma(D) alternate sigma factor.
Una regla de economía dramática: las imágenes organizadoras en el teatro de Diego Sánchez Badajoz (1994)

Los autores de teatro religioso del siglo XVI concebían a menudo su trabajo, animado con intenciones didácticas, como una puesta en imagen de la Sagrada Escritura, es decir de la fuente bíblica misma o del texto normativo del dogma católico. El teatro religioso se inscribe así en la tradición plástica del fresco, de los capiteles, vidrieras o lienzos didácticos que adornan las iglesias, pero con el evidente mayor efectismo conferido, en el teatro mudo primitivo, por la gesticulatoria escénica...
Relation of Polymer Chemical Composition to Acoustic Damping (1990)

Acoustic damping in polymers is shown to be dominated by the glass transition occurring in the amorphous portions of the polymer. Thus to tailor damping characteristics for a particular application requires an understanding of the relation between chemical composition and glass transition temperature. Glass transition temperature depends on a number of variables, including backbone flexibility, steric effects, polarity, pendant groups, crystallinity, plasticizers, crosslink density, and co-polymerization. While the glass transition damping peak can be located at almost any desired temperature, there are limitations on the height and width that can be achieved in any real polymer.
Benefits of Dairy Product Consumption on Blood Pressure in Humans: A Summary of the Biomedical Literature (2000)

The inverse relationship between intake of dairy products and blood pressure levels was first suggested by several epidemiologic surveys in the early 1980's that revealed low calcium intake in populations with increased prevalence of hypertension. Subsequent laboratory and clinical investigations provided further evidence of the association between calcium and blood pressure, but the results of these studies were often inconsistent due to variations in study design and methods, study participants and calcium sources. The recently published results of the large and carefully executed Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Study, "DASH," which demonstrated a dramatic blood-pressure lowering effect of diets rich in dairy products, fruits and vegetables, addressed many of the issues contributing to the inconsistencies in the blood pressure-calcium data. In the following review, we discuss the evolution of the scientific evidence of the association between dietary calcium intake and blood pressure, the findings and significance of the DASH trial and the consensus that now exists among health professionals regarding the importance of adequate dairy product intake for optimal blood pressure regulation.
DITHIONITE- AND OXALATE-EXTRACTABLE Fe AND Al AS AIDS IN DIFFERENTIATING VARIOUS CLASSES OF SOILS (1966)

Iron and aluminum were determined in acid ammonium oxalate extracts and in dithionite–citrate–bicarbonate extracts of a wide range of Canadian soils, several oxide and silicate minerals, and some amorphous preparations of iron or aluminum and silica. The oxalate extraction dissolved much of the iron and aluminum from the amorphous materials but very little from crystalline oxides, whereas the dithionite extraction dissolved a large proportion of the crystalline iron oxides as well as much of the amorphous materials. Oxalate-extractable iron and aluminum gave a useful indication of Bf horizon development in many soils, even if the parent materials were high in iron oxides. In one class of Gleysolic soils, however, the Bfg horizons were high in dithionite-extractable iron and low in oxalate-extractable iron. An accumulation of goethite was found in the Bfg horizon of some of these soils. In some other Gleysolic soils iron was depleted in the A horizon but there was no horizon of iron accumulation. Extraction of soils with oxalate as well as with dithionite is useful in differentiating certain classes of soils and in identifying horizons of accumulation of secondary sesquioxides.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Dehalorespiring Bacterium <i>Desulfitobacterium hafniense</i> Y51 and Comparison with <i>Dehalococcoides ethenogenes</i> 195 (2006)

Desulfitobacterium strains have the ability to dechlorinate halogenated compounds under anaerobic conditions by dehalorespiration. The complete genome of the tetrachloroethene (PCE)-dechlorinating strain Desulfitobacterium hafniense Y51 is a 5,727,534-bp circular chromosome harboring 5,060 predicted protein coding sequences. This genome contains only two reductive dehalogenase genes, a lower number than reported in most other dehalorespiring strains. More than 50 members of the dimethyl sulfoxide reductase superfamily and 30 paralogs of the flavoprotein subunit of the fumarate reductase are encoded as well. A remarkable feature of the genome is the large number of O-demethylase paralogs, which allow utilization of lignin-derived phenyl methyl ethers as electron donors. The large genome reveals a more versatile microorganism that can utilize a larger set of specialized electron donors and acceptors than previously thought. This is in sharp contrast to the PCE-dechlorinating strain Dehalococcoides ethenogenes 195, which has a relatively small genome with a narrow metabolic repertoire. A genomic comparison of these two very different strains allowed us to narrow down the potential candidates implicated in the dechlorination process. Our results provide further impetus to the use of desulfitobacteria as tools for bioremediation.
Free Radicals as Mediators of Tissue Injury and Disease (1993)

A radical is any molecule that contains one or more unpaired electrons. Radicals are normally generated in many metabolic pathways. Some of these radicals can exist in a free form and subsequently interact with various tissue components resulting in dysfunction. The potential role of oxygen- or xenobiotic-derived free radicals in the pathology of several human diseases has stimulated extensive research linking the toxicity of numerous xenobiotics and disease processes to a free radical mechanism. However, because free radical-mediated changes are pervasive and often poorly understood, the question of whether such species are a major cause of tissue injury and human disease remains equivocal. This review discusses cellular sources of various radical species and their reactions with vital cellular constituents. Examples of purported free radical-mediated disorders are discussed in detail to provide insights into the controversy over whether free radicals are important mediators of tissue injury.
Design of Power and Area Efficient Approximate Multipliers (2017)

Approximate computing can decrease the design complexity with an increase in performance and power efficiency for error resilient applications. This brief deals with a new design approach for approximation of multipliers. The partial products of the multiplier are altered to introduce varying probability terms. Logic complexity of approximation is varied for the accumulation of altered partial products based on their probability. The proposed approximation is utilized in two variants of 16-bit multipliers. Synthesis results reveal that two proposed multipliers achieve power savings of 72% and 38%, respectively, compared to an exact multiplier. They have better precision when compared to existing approximate multipliers. Mean relative error figures are as low as 7.6% and 0.02% for the proposed approximate multipliers, which are better than the previous works. Performance of the proposed multipliers is evaluated with an image processing application, where one of the proposed models achieves the highest peak signal to noise ratio.
A dual structured data base system (1973)

article Free Access Share on A dual structured data base system Authors: W. O. Clark Arizona State University Arizona State UniversityView Profile , L. L. Shannon Honeywell Information Systems Inc. Honeywell Information Systems Inc.View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGPLAN NoticesVolume 10Issue 1January 1975 pp 131–143https://doi.org/10.1145/951787.951774Published:04 November 1973Publication History 0citation185DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads185Last 12 Months15Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
A pseudomorphic AlGaAs/n/sup +/-InGaAs metal-insulator-doped channel FET for broad-band, large-signal applications (1991)

Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown L/sub g/=1.7- mu m pseudomorphic Al/sub 0.38/Ga/sub 0.62/As/n/sup +/-In/sub 0.15/Ga/sub 0.85/As metal-insulator-doped channel FETs (MIDFETs) are presented that display extremely broad plateaus in both f/sub T/ and f/sub max/ versus V/sub GS/, with f/sub T/ sustaining 90% of its peak over a gate swing of 2.6 V. Drain current is highly linear with V/sub GS/ over this swing, reaching 514 mA/mm. No frequency dispersion in g/sub m/ up to 3 GHz was found, indicating the absence of electrically active traps in the undoped AlGaAs pseudoinsulator layer. These properties combine to make the pseudomorphic MIDFET highly suited to linear, large-signal, broadband applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Polymerization of Ion-Pair Comonomers of Related Structures (1985)

Abstract Two ion-pair comonomers of 2-methacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl-ammonium 2-methacryloyloxyethanesulfonate (METMAMES) and 3-acrylamido-3-methylbutyltrimethylammonium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate have been synthesized. The spontaneous and radical homocopolymerizations of these monomer pairs, wherein no nonpolymerizable counterions are present, have also been studied. Moreover, the intrinsic viscosity of the homocopolymer derived from METMA MES was found to increase with increasing KCl concentration in aqueous solutions.
Effect of Halogen-Based Neutral Beam on the Etching of Ge2Sb2Te5 (2011)

In this work, the degradation of the GST surface after etching by a neutral beam was investigated and compared with that in the case of inductively coupled plasma etching, using Cl2 and HBr. The XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) compositional depth profiling of the blank etched GST shows a shift of the peaks related to Ge, Sb and Te to a higher energy, indicating the degradation of GST in the case of both ICP etching and neutral beam etching. Cl2 showed more severe degradation compared to HBr for both etching systems due to the higher reactivity of Cl2 with GST than HBr. However, the neutral beam etched GST showed less surface halogenation and less change of the surface composition. In addition, when the compositional change on the etched sidewall of the patterned GST feature was investigated after etching using Cl2, the significant degradation of the GST sidewalls by halogenation was observed for the ICP etched GST while no significant degradation was observed for the neutral beam etched GST. The lower degradation of the neutral beam etched GST is believed to be due to the higher ratio of energetic vertical particle flux to random halogen radical flux to the GST compared to the ICP etching.