gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Strong Electroactive Biodegradable Shape Memory Polymer Networks Based on Star-Shaped Polylactide and Aniline Trimer for Bone Tissue Engineering (2015)

Preparation of functional shape memory polymer (SMP) for tissue engineering remains a challenge. Here the synthesis of strong electroactive shape memory polymer (ESMP) networks based on star-shaped polylactide (PLA) and aniline trimer (AT) is reported. Six-armed PLAs with various chain lengths were chemically cross-linked to synthesize SMP. After addition of an electroactive AT segment into the SMP, ESMP was obtained. The polymers were characterized by (1)H NMR, GPC, FT-IR, CV, DSC, DMA, tensile test, and degradation test. The SMP and ESMP exhibited strong mechanical properties (modulus higher than GPa) and excellent shape memory performance: short recovery time (several seconds), high recovery ratio (over 94%), and high fixity ratio (almost 100%). Moreover, cyclic voltammetry test confirmed the electroactivity of the ESMP. The ESMP significantly enhanced the proliferation of C2C12 cells compared to SMP and linear PLA (control). In addition, the ESMP greatly improved the osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblast cells compared to PH10 and PLA in terms of ALP enzyme activity, immunofluorescence staining, and relative gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). These intelligent SMPs and electroactive SMP with strong mechanical properties, tunable degradability, good electroactivity, biocompatibility, and enhanced osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells show great potential for bone regeneration.
Selective liquid phase epitaxy and defect reduction in GaAs grown on GaAs-coated silicon by molecular beam epitaxy (1987)

This letter reports the first successful liquid phase epitaxial (LPE) growth of GaAs on GaAs-coated Si grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The LPE growth was found to be strongly dependent on the width of the oxide stripe window which defined the area of the sample that was accessible to the LPE melt. Uniform single-crystal layers of GaAs were obtained when the stripe was narrower than 20 μm; in contrast, meltback of the GaAs layers was observed in larger stripes. The minimum dislocation density of the LPE layer that was determined from cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy was about 2–5×106 cm−2. This value was about two orders of magnitude lower than the dislocation density that was observed in the MBE GaAs-on-Si layer which served as a substrate for the LPE growth.
Embryonic ventral mesencephalic grafts to the substantia nigra of MPTP‐treated monkeys: Feasibility relevant to multiple‐target grafting as a therapy for Parkinson's disease (2001)

Transplantation of embryonic dopamine (DA) neurons is being studied as an experimental replacement therapy for the DA-deficiency characteristic of Parkinson's disease. Some studies suggest that one of the limitations of this approach is that intrastriatal placement of implants fails to consistently restore completely normal movement. One potential cause of this suboptimal therapeutic outcome is that changes in the neural activity of several structures in the basal ganglia circuitry resulting from striatal DA depletion is not adequately normalized by graft-derived DA replacement in striatum alone. In the present study, we assessed the feasibility of grafting embryonic DA neurons into the substantia nigra (SN) of adult parkinsonian monkeys as an approach to restoration of the DA modulation of striatal-nigral afferents that is lost after degeneration of SN neurons. Sixteen St. Kitts African green monkeys treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) received implants of embryonic monkey ventral mesencephalon (VM), or sham implants, aimed at the rostral SN. At 6 months after grafting, staining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) indicated that grafted DA neurons survived at this site, albeit often in reduced numbers compared with VM grafts to striatum. Grafted neurons extended neurites into the parenchyma of the SN, but there was no evidence of lengthy extension of graft-derived neurites rostrally along the trajectory of the mesostriatal fiber system. A region-specific, modest increase in DA levels and TH-positive fiber density in the ventral-medial putamen was detected, accompanied by modest but significant decreases in parkinsonian behaviors at 5-6 months after grafting. Our findings support the view that grafting embryonic tissue to the SN is a feasible procedure in nonhuman primates that provides a modest but detectable benefit of its own. These results encourage the further development of multiple-target grafting strategies as a means of restoring modulation of anatomically widespread basal ganglia structures relevant to treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Controlled decoherence in an atom interferometer (2003)

Abstract We observe controlled decoherence in an atom interferometer, in which exposure to one environment changes the rate of decoherence in a subsequent environment.
Neutrophil activation by anti-<i>β</i>2 glycoprotein I monoclonal antibodies via Fcγ receptor II (1995)

Murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to human beta 2-glycoprotein I (beta 2GPI), a plasma protein required for the binding of some antiphospholipid antibodies, have been shown to possess lupus anticoagulant properties and to activate platelets via Fc gamma receptor (Fc gamma R) crosslinking. Here we investigated their ability to induce polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) functional responses. The six mAbs (IgG1 isotype) tested in combination with beta 2GPI led to a concentration-dependent activation of human PMNs as appreciated by granule release, H2O2 production, and cytosolic Ca2+ increase. This activation process was accompanied by the enhancement of PMN-mediated heparan sulfate loss from the endothelial cell line EA.hy 926 without evidence for cell lysis or detachment. F(ab')2 fragments of one of the mAbs bound to PMNs in a beta 2GPI-dependent manner but were devoid of activating effects. Carbamylated beta 2GPI was unable to mediate PMN-antibody binding and subsequent activation. In addition, cationization of beta 2GPI or removal of its sialic acid groups led to higher efficiency in binding to the PMN surface and triggering activation in comparison with the untreated protein. Thus, the process of PMN activation depends on mAb binding to these cells through both Fab (via beta 2GPI) and Fc domains, as confirmed by the suppression of all responses upon treatment with an anti-Fc gamma RII, but not anti-Fc gamma RIII, antibody. Our data suggest a model of cellular activation by beta 2GPI-dependent antiphospholipid antibodies.
Properties of Liposomal Membranes Containing Lysolecithin (1976)

Liposomes have been prepared with lysolecithin (1-acyl-sn-3-glycerylphosphorylcholine), egg lecithin (3-sn-phosphatidylcholine), dicetyl phosphate, and cholesterol. The ability to function as a barrier to the diffusion of glucose marker and the sensitivities of the liposomes to hypotonic treatment and other reagents which modified the permeability were examined. Generally, lysolecithin incorporation decreased the effectiveness of the membranes as a barrier to glucose and made the membranes more "osmotically fragile." Cholesterol incorporation counteracted the effect of incorporated lysolecithin. The more cholesterol incorporated into liposomes, the more lysolecthin could be incorporated into the membrane without loss of function as a barrier. With more than 50 mole% of colesterol, lysolecithin alone could form membranes which were practically impermeable to glucose. The hemolytic activity of lysolecithin was affected by mixing with various lecithins or cholesterol. Liposomes containing lysolecithin, which have the ability to trap glucose marker, showed poor hemolytic activity, while lipid micelles with lysolecithin (which could trap little glucose) showed almost the same hemolytic activity as lysolecithin itself. There seems to be a close correlation between hemolytic activity and barrier function of lipid micelles.
Hepatitis G Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection: Response to Interferon‐α Therapy (1999)

The prevalence and consequences of hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection were determined in 180 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (predominantly male homosexuals) who participated in a trial that compared treatment with zidovudine versus interferon (IFN)-alpha versus the combination. HGV RNA levels were measured by branched DNA signal amplification assay. Initially, 66 (37%) had HGV RNA. Sexual transmission was the sole risk factor for infection in all but 4 subjects. Pretreatment clinical features were similar between HGV RNA-positive and -negative patients. After 6 months, only 5% treated with zidovudine became HGV RNA negative, compared with 95% who received IFN-alpha alone and 66% on combination therapy with low-dose IFN-alpha. After therapy, HGV RNA levels returned to baseline in most subjects. Thus, HGV infection is common among HIV-infected homosexual males but does not appear to influence clinical features in early HIV infection. HGV RNA levels are suppressed by IFN but not by zidovudine.
Issues on Multi-Device Multi-Player Gaming. (2004)

The current advances in mobile technology, has made it possible for traditional pc games to be ported to the mobile device. The development of multi-user games on mobile devices has presented many challenges and issues. This paper presents the different issues that must be tackled when creating a viable multi-user, multi-device game. We tackled issues ranging from user interaction issues , graphics quality to bandwidth constraints. The paper presents different configurations depending on the type of game to be created.
Signal processing for hyperspectral image exploitation (2002)

Electro-optical remote sensing involves the acquisition of information about an object or scene without coming into physical contact with it. This is achieved by exploiting the fact that the materials comprising the various objects in a scene reflect, absorb, and emit electromagnetic radiation in ways characteristic of their molecular composition and shape. If the radiation arriving at the sensor is measured at each wavelength over a sufficiently broad spectral band, the resulting spectral signature, or simply spectrum, can be used (in principle) to uniquely characterize and identify any given material. An important function of hyperspectral signal processing is to eliminate the redundancy in the spectral and spatial sample data while preserving the high-quality features needed for detection, discrimination, and classification. This dimensionality reduction is implemented in a scene-dependent (adaptive) manner and may be implemented as a distinct step in the processing or as an integral part of the overall algorithm. The most widely used algorithm for dimensionality reduction is principal component analysis (PCA) or, equivalently, Karhunen-Loeve transformation.
Losing my mind: an intimate look at life with Alzheimer's (2003)

In Losing My Mind: An Intimate Look at Life with Alzheimer's, Thomas DeBaggio records in heartbreaking detail an experience that few have recounted and no one hopes to share: the onset of Alzheimer's disease. Diagnosed one beautiful spring day at the age of 57, longtime journalist DeBaggio initially viewed the condition as a death sentence, but also knew he had a story he ought to tell. While keeping up with his family-run herb and plant business, he began work on his new project immediately, writing in his journal to capture the personal angle and researching the latest scientific information on a still poorly understood disease. This book is the devastating result.
The expression and function of a <i>Bacteroides gingivalis</i> hemagglutinin gene in <i>Escherichia coll</i> (1989)

Eight Escherichia coli JM 109 transformants generated from a clone bank of Bacteroides gingivalis 381 genomic DNA, were found to express B. gingivalis antigens. Quantitation of antigen expression by ELISA indicated that isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) was not necessary for antigen expression for any of the clones but that expression in 2 of the clones, ST 2 and ST 3, was increased in cells grown in the presence of IPTG. Western blot analysis revealed that the expressed protein of clone ST 2 has a molecular weight of 125,000 Dal. and that clone ST 3 contains multiple bands of 30 to 50 kdal which react with the anti-B. gingivalis antiserum. Three of the transformants were found to agglutinate sheep erythrocytes. Polyclonal monospecific antiserum to one of the transformants, clone ST 2, was found to react to 2 major bands of MWs 43,000 and 38,000 and minor bands of 115,000, 105,000, 32,000, and 30,000 Dal. present in B. gingivalis cell lysate preparations. Adsorption of anti B. gingivalis antiserum with cells of clone ST 2 reduced the hemagglutination inhibition activity of the antiserum 4-fold whereas antiserum to the clone itself inhibited B. gingivalis hemagglutination at a titer of 8 times that of normal rabbit serum. Immunoelectronmicroscopic studies using the antiserum to clone ST 2 indicate that the product of the cloned gene (hemagglutinin) is located on the B. gingivalis cell surface. A restriction map generated of the cloned B. gingivalis DNA fragment confirms the insert to be 3.2 kbases and indicates the possibility of a repeated sequence in the fragment.
Dynamic chromatographic systems for the determination of rare earths and thorium in samples from uranium ore refining processes (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDynamic chromatographic systems for the determination of rare earths and thorium in samples from uranium ore refining processesD. J. Barkley, Marcia. Blanchette, R. M. Cassidy, and Steve. ElchukCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 11, 2222–2226Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00124a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00124a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views259Altmetric-Citations94LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel Method for Monitoring and Controlling Asphaltene Deposition in Crude Oil (2001)

Abstract Baker Petrolite has developed a new proprietary method of detecting the asphaltene content of crude oil. The method employs a spectroscopic probe detection technique that measures the amount of dissolved asphaltenes in the crude directly without sample preparation. The device is suitable for both discrete or continuous in-process sample measurements. Laboratory and field test data are presented. The new technique compares with traditional methods of asphaltene characterization including IP-143 extraction gravimetric analysis and ADT spectroscopic methods. This technique, combined with asphaltene inhibitor/dispersant injection control, provides a novel method for the control of asphaltene deposition in crude oil production systems.
Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Overactive Bladder — Focus on Bladder Sensory Innervation (2006)

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are highly prevalent, especially among elderly men and women, with a negative impact on health-related quality of life. LUTS are associated with great emotional costs for individuals and substantial economic costs for society. Recent investigation of LUTS in men noted that bladder dysfunction plays an important role in addition to bladder outlet obstruction. The urothelial release of neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine (ACh), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the neuropeptide substance P, and the expression of TRPV1 and P2X3 receptors strongly imply a role for the urothelium in human bladder mechanosensation. An abundance of suburothelial sensory nerves and vesicles containing ACh and ATP in nerve fiber terminals have been found in the human bladder wall, suggesting the lamina propria of the bladder plays an important role in the transmission of a sensation of bladder fullness and in the bladder response to stretch. In addition, nerve growth factor levels have been shown to be elevated in the bladder tissues of men with bladder outlet obstruction, patients with overactive bladders, and women with interstitial cystitis. Based on the results from recent investigations, bladder disorders like neurogenic detrusor overactivity, idiopathic detrusor overactivity, interstitial cystitis, overactive bladder due to bladder outlet obstruction and urothelial dysfunction might have a common pathway in the abnormality of expression of sensory receptors or release of transmitters in the suburothelial nerves or interstitial cells. In this regard, inhibition of receptor expression or transmitter release in the sensory nerve terminals in the suburothelial space might provide good therapeutic effects in the treatment of sensory urgency, interstitial cystitis and detrusor overactivity.
An AutoPC for supporting in-vehicle navigation and location-based multimedia services (2003)

With the rapid progress in the development of wireless technology, the bandwidth of wireless local area network (WLAN) is getting higher and its outdoor transmission distance is also getting longer. It becomes feasible to build a regional communication infrastructure in local areas, e.g., in the campus of an institute or a university, using WLAN. Thus, the design of new generation on-board PCs aims not only to provide conventional navigation services in rural or urban areas, but also to deploy integrated multimedia services in regional areas such as campuses. In this paper we present our design of in-vehicle navigation and location-based multimedia applications in an 802.11b wireless environment. It supports mobile communication based on IETF mobile IP standards with route optimization, smooth handoff, and fast handoff. Furthermore, in order to encourage fast deployment and to reduce system costs, we utilized open technologies in designing our prototype system. The developed AutoPC is a real-time embedded system platform on a single-board PC with GPS, featured by a downsized embedded Linux and a bilingual windows system. The platform supports applications such as in-vehicle navigation, real-time traffic information, MP3 player, and MPEG-4 streaming through mobile IPv4. This prototype is evaluated on a campus-wide 802.11b network, where two neighboring access points are placed about 150 meters apart from each other along the roadside such that a road in the campus is fully covered by 802.11b radio signals. Our preliminary experiments show that the low handoff overhead makes it possible for an in-vehicle AutoPC to run video streaming application seamlessly on the road even when the car speed is up to 50 km/hr. Besides, a 486-level platform is powerful enough to support in-vehicle navigation and to play MP3 smoothly, but a more powerful CPU is required to run our RTP-based MPEG-4 video streaming applications.
Joint Institute for Nanoscience Annual Report 2004 (2005)

Due to the inherently interdisciplinary nature of nanoscience and nanotechnology, research in this arena is often significantly enhanced through creative cooperative activities. The Joint Institute for Nanoscience (JIN) is a venture of the University of Washington (UW) and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to encourage and enhance high impact and high quality nanoscience and nanotechnology research that leverages the strengths and capabilities of both institutions, and to facilitate education in these areas. This report summarizes JIN award activities that took place during fiscal year 2004 and provides a historical list of JIN awardees, their resulting publications, and JIN-related meetings. Major portions of the JIN efforts and resources are dedicated to funding graduate students and postdoctoral research associates to perform research in collaborations jointly directed by PNNL staff scientists and UW professors. JIN fellowships are awarded on the basis of applications that include research proposals. They have been very successful in expanding collaborations between PNNL and UW, which have led to many excellent joint publications and presentations and enhanced the competitiveness of both institutions for external grant funding. JIN-based interactions are playing a significant role in creating new research directions and reshaping existing research programs at both the UW and PNNL. The JIN also co-sponsors workshops on Nanoscale Science and Technology, four of which have been held in Seattle and one in Richland. In addition to involving PNNL staff in various UW nanoscience courses and seminars, a National Science Foundation grant, Development of UW-PNL Collaborative Curriculums in Nano-Science and Technology, has allowed the development of three intensive short courses that are taught by UW faculty, PNNL staff, and faculty from other institutions, including Washington State University, the University of Idaho, Stanford University, and the University of Alaska. The JIN agreement recognizes that cooperation beyond UW and PNNL is highly valuable. Starting in early 2003, efforts were initiated to form a regional communication link called the Northwest Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Network (N4). In concept, N4 is a tool to encourage communication and help identify regional resources and nanoscience and technology activities.
Biocatalytic Synthesis of Poly(δ-Valerolactone) Using a Thermophilic Esterase from Archaeoglobus fulgidus as Catalyst (2012)

The ring-opening polymerization of δ-valerolactone catalyzed by a thermophilic esterase from the archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus was successfully conducted in organic solvents. The effects of enzyme concentration, temperature, reaction time and reaction medium on monomer conversion and product molecular weight were systematically evaluated. Through the optimization of reaction conditions, poly(δ-valerolactone) was produced in 97% monomer conversion, with a number-average molecular weight of 2225 g/mol, in toluene at 70 °C for 72 h. This paper has produced a new biocatalyst for the synthesis of poly(δ-valerolactone), and also deeper insight has been gained into the mechanism of thermophilic esterase-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization.
Electrostatic Analog for Finding Nonintersecting Paths (1979)

An application of analog simulation in synthesis of paths is given. In this method, nonintersecting paths are obtained by routing them along the lines of force in a two-dimensional potential field. As an example, a computer program which automatically generates paths on a printed circuit is included. The material of this paper can be introduced in an engineering classroom as an excercise b electrostatics as well as for drawing the student's attention toward interdisciplinary applications of his knowledge.