gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vibrations in orthopedics. (1988)

Measurements of various mechanical properties of skeletal material using vibration techniques have been reported. The purposes of such investigations include the monitoring of pathogenic disorders such as osteoporosis, the rate and extent of fracture healing, and the status of internal fixations. Early investigations pioneered the application of conventional vibration measurement equipment to biological systems. The more recent advent of the microcomputer has made available to research groups more sophisticated techniques for data acquisition and analysis. The economical advantages of such equipment has led to the development of portable research instrumentation which lends itself to use in a clinical environment. This review article reports on the developments and progression of the various vibrational techniques and theories as applied to musculoskeletal systems.
Formation and removal of DNA cross-links induced by melphalan and nitrogen mustard in relation to drug-induced cytotoxicity in human melanoma cells. (1987)

The formation and removal of nitrogen mustard (HN2)- and melphalan-induced DNA cross-links (DNA interstrand and DNA-protein cross-links) in a human melanoma cell line (RPMI 8322), as determined by alkaline elution of DNA, was compared and related to the cytotoxic effect of each drug. HN2 was considerably more cytotoxic than melphalan as determined by inhibition of colony formation. Immediately following exposure to HN2 maximum levels of DNA cross-links were found. Melphalan, in contrast, caused a protracted induction of DNA cross-links with maximum levels obtained 6-12 h following drug exposure. HN2 induced approximately 13 times higher peak levels of DNA cross-links compared to equal concentrations of melphalan. Removal of DNA cross-links following exposure to both drugs followed an exponential time course. The rate of removal of HN2-induced DNA cross-links was, however, 1.5-2.4 times more rapid than that of melphalan-induced cross-links. A strong correlation was obtained between the cytotoxicity of both drugs and the total area under the curve for DNA interstrand cross-links, indicating that both the initial induction of as well as the rate of removal of DNA interstrand cross-links are important for the cytotoxic effects of bifunctional alkylating agents.
Photoconductive properties of PVK-based photorefractive polymer composites doped with fluorinated styrene chromophores (1999)

We have synthesized nine anisotropic chromophores, with different degrees of fluorination, and studied the effect of the chromophore's ionization potential on charge-transfer complexation, photoconductivity, and response time in photorefractive polymer mixtures based on poly(vinylcarbazole). (2,4,7-Trinitrofluoren-9-ylidene)malononitrile (TNFDM) or C 60 provided the sensitization. We have found evidence of strong complexation between TNFDM and the chromophore. At high electric fields, the photoconductivity decays during illumination and reaches a limiting value that correlates with the chromophore's ionization potential. A buildup of C 60 – radical anions is observed simultaneously. The strong decline in photoconductivity correlates with an increase in the photorefractive grating buildup time.
<title>Planar Doped Barriers By Molecular Beam Epitaxy For Millimeter Wave Devices</title> (1982)

A novel electrostatic barrier concept, known as a planar doped barrier (PDB), has been demonstrated in GaAs crown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The PDB structure has an n+-i-o+-i-n+ configuration in which a thin acceptor layer (50A) is placed within an undoped semiconductor region bounded by donor layers. Since the PDB is a majority carrier semicon-ductor structure with electron conduction by thermionic emission, it can be operated at extremely high frequencies. The key features of the PDB are that the zero-bias barrier height and the dearee of asymmetry in the rectifying I-V characteristics can be continually and in-dependently controlled. The zero-bias barrier height can be effectively varied from zero to sliahtly less than the bandgap of the semiconductor. In addition, the capacitance of the PDB is virtually constant over the entire operating voltage range. In contrast to Schottky barriers, the ability to design the electrical, properties of planar doped barriers can be used to optimize the performance of many electronic devices. The PDB concept has very important applications in high-frequency microwave and millimeter wave devices. PDB mixer diodes have been made which utilize low barrier heights for high sensitivity and low local oscillator power requirements. Very high speed PDB photodiodes have been demonstrated with subnanosecond response times. In addition, a revolutionary new planar doped barrier transistor (PDBT) is currently being developed for three-terminal am-plification in the millimeter wave frequency range. These devices will have sianificant im-pact in defense-related secure communications and miniaturized high-resolution radar systems.
The Lightweight Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) Profile for High-Volume Environments (2007)

This specification defines a profile of the Online Certificate Status
Protocol (OCSP) that addresses the scalability issues inherent when
using OCSP in large scale (high volume) Public Key Infrastructure
(PKI) environments and/or in PKI environments that require a
lightweight solution to minimize communication bandwidth and client-
side processing. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Prenatal diagnosis in a subset of trichothiodystrophy patients defective in DNA repair (1992)

Trichothiodystrophy (TTD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by brittle hair with reduced sulphur content, and mental and physical retardation. Numerous additional clinical features may be present, producing a very heterogeneous syndrome. Many cases exhibit ichthyosis and photosensitivity. Cells from photosensitive TTD patients show reduced DNA repair levels similar to those found in xeroderma pigmentosum. TTD patients have a short life expectancy, and no treatment is known or envisaged. We report the prenatal diagnosis of TTD in two French families, based on DNA repair measurements in trophoblasts or amniotic cells, with later confirmation by microscopic analysis of the fetal hairs. Although the DNA repair defect was less marked in the fetal cells when compared with fibroblasts from the index case, measurement of DNA repair by unscheduled DNA synthesis provided unambiguous evidence of defective DNA repair in the fetal cells. This method is therefore a suitable prenatal diagnostic test for those TTD families in which a DNA repair defect has been identified.
Physics of Photonic Devices (2009)

The most up-to-date book available on the physics of photonic devices This new edition of Physics of Photonic Devices incorporates significant advancements in the field of photonics that have occurred since publication of the first edition (Physics of Optoelectronic Devices). New topics covered include a brief history of the invention of semiconductor lasers, the Lorentz dipole method and metal plasmas, matrix optics, surface plasma waveguides, optical ring resonators, integrated electroabsorption modulator-lasers, and solar cells. It also introduces exciting new fields of research such as:
Aliquoting structure for centrifugal microfluidics based on a new pneumatic valve (2008)

We present a new microvalve that can be monolithically integrated in centrifugally driven lab-on-a-chip systems. In contrast to existing operation principles that use hydrophobic patches, geometrically defined capillary stops or siphons, here we present a pneumatic principle. It needs neither additional local coatings nor expensive micro sized geometries. The valve is controlled by the spinning frequency and can be switched to be open when the centrifugal pressure overcomes the pneumatic pressure inside an unvented reaction cavity. We designed and characterized valves ranging in centrifugal burst pressure from 6700 Pa to 2100 Pa. Based on this valving principle we present a new structure for aliquoting of liquids. We experimentally demonstrated this by splitting 105 muL volumes into 16 aliquots with a volume CV of 3 %.
Synthesis of Antifungal Agents from Xanthene and Thiazine Dyes and Analysis of Their Effects (2016)

Indoor fungi growth is an increasing home health problem as our homes are more tightly sealed. One thing that limits durability of the antifungal agents is the scarcity of reactive sites on many surfaces to attach these agents. In order to increase graft yield of photosensitizers to the fabrics, poly(acrylic acid-<i>co</i>-styrene sulfonic acid-<i>co</i>-vinyl benzyl rose bengal or phloxine B) were polymerized and then grafted to electrospun fabrics. In an alternative process, azure A or toluidine blue O were grafted to poly(acrylic acid), which was subsequently grafted to nanofiber-based and microfiber-based fabrics. The fabrics grafted with photosensitizers induced antifungal effects on all seven types of fungi in the order of rose bengal > phloxine B > toluidine blue O > azure A, which follows the quantum yield production of singlet oxygen for these photoactive dyes. Their inhibition rates for inactivating fungal spores decreased in the order of <i>P. cinnamomi</i>, <i>T. viride</i>, <i>A. niger</i>, <i>A. fumigatus</i>, <i>C. globosum</i>, <i>P. funiculosum</i>, and <i>M. grisea</i>, which is associated with lipid composition in membrane and the morphology of fungal spores. The antifungal activity was also correlated with the surface area of fabric types which grafted the photosensitizer covalently on the surface as determined by the bound color strength.
A Method of Recognition of Arabic Cursive Handwriting (1987)

In spite of the progress of machine recognition techniques of Latin, Kana, and Chinese characters over the two past decades, the machine recognition of Arabic characters has remained almost untouched. In this correspondence, a structural recognition method of Arabic cursively handwritten words is proposed. In this method, words are first segmented into strokes. Those strokes are then classified using their geometrical and topological properties. Finally, the relative position of the classified strokes are examined, and the strokes are combined in several steps into a string of characters that represents the recognized word. Experimental results on texts handwritten by two persons showed high recognition accuracy.
Requirements of src family kinase activity associated with CD45 for myeloma cell proliferation by interleukin-6 (2002)

Specific intracellular signals mediated by interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor complexes, such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT 3) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, are considered to be responsible for inducing a variety of cellular responses. In multiple myeloma, IL-6 only enhanced the proliferation of CD45+ tumor cells that harbored the IL-6-independent activation of src family kinases even though STAT3 and ERK1/2 could be activated in response to IL-6 in both CD45+ and CD45(minus sign) cells. Furthermore, the IL-6-induced proliferation of CD45+ U266 myeloma cells was significantly suppressed by Lyn-specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotides or a selective src kinase inhibitor. These results indicate that the activation of both STAT3 and ERK1/2 is not enough for IL-6-induced proliferation of myeloma cell lines that require src family kinase activation independent of IL-6 stimulation. Thus, the activation of the src family kinases associated with CD45 expression is a prerequisite for the proliferation of myeloma cell lines by IL-6. We propose a mechanism for IL-6-induced cell proliferation that is strictly dependent upon the cellular context in myelomas.
Hydrazine Hydrate and Dissolved Oxygen-Triggered Near-Infrared Chemiluminescence from CuInS<sub>2</sub>@ZnS Nanocrystals for Bioassays (2021)

The overwhelming majority of commercially available chemiluminescence (CL) assays are conducted in the eye-visible region. Herein, a near-infrared (NIR) aqueous CL strategy was proposed with CuInS<sub>2</sub>@ZnS nanocrystals (CIS@ZnS NCs) as emitters. Hydrazine hydrate (N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O) could inject electrons into the conduction band of the CIS@ZnS NCs and simultaneously transformed to the intermediate radical N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub><sup>•</sup>. N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub><sup>•</sup> reduced dissolved oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) to O<sub>2</sub><sup>-•</sup>, while the O<sub>2</sub><sup>-•</sup> could inject holes into the valence band of the CIS@ZnS NCs. The recombination of electrons and holes at Cu<sup>+</sup> defects in CIS@ZnS NCs eventually yielded efficient NIR CL at around 824.1 nm, which is the longest waveband for NCs CL to the best of our knowledge. The NIR CL could be conveniently performed in the neutral aqueous medium (pH 7.0) with a quantum yield of 0.0155 Einstein/mol and was successfully employed for constructing a signal-off CL biosensor with ascorbic acid as the analyte as well as a signal-on CL biosensor for determining ascorbate oxidase, which indicates that this NIR CL system has a promising potential for bioassays in diverse ways.
Wall effects in laminar flow of fluids through packed beds (1981)

Abstract A model which accounts for the effect of a confining wall and the resulting voidage variations near it on the flow behavior in packed columns is proposed. The model, which is restricted to columns randomly packed with spheres of uniform size, reasonably describes the pressure drop‐flow rate relationship for both linear and non‐Newtonian fluids. The mass flux distribution is also studied in order to provide an insight into processes in which the flow behavior near the wall may be important.
Preliminary Results of a Limited Thoracotomy: New Approach to Treat Atrial Fibrillation (2007)

Limited thoracotomy epicardial bipolar RF antrum isolation, verified by PV recordings, with GP ablation, guided by GP mapping, is effective treatment for AF and should be considered in patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF.
A low-power 16-bit 500 kS/s ADC (2005)

A 6.2 mW 16-bit 500 kSps charge redistribution self calibrating successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is described. It has an input range of 2 V, a resolution of 16 bits and operates with +/- 1.5 V supplies. Simulations show a signal-to-noise ratio of 95 dB for an effective accuracy of 15 bits in 0.25 mum CMOS technology. A novel interleaving architecture and an improved comparator design contribute to reducing the power while maintaining the accuracy and speed. The ADC is intended to digitize the amplified neurophysiological signals from a companion 16-channel sensor IC
Advances in Functional Solution Processed Planar 1D Photonic Crystals (2018)

Abstract An overview on the properties and applications of polymer and inorganic planar 1D photonic crystals fabricated from solution is provided here. In the last decades, photonic crystals became technologically relevant for light management, photovoltaics, sensing, and lasing. Such structures are traditionally produced by lithographic and vacuum techniques, but the need to reduce costs and to scale‐up the fabrication have lead the research toward new materials, simplified structures, and low‐cost mass scale growth processes. In this regard, polymer and inorganic mesoporous distributed Bragg reflectors fabricated from solution attracted considerable technological interest. This review focuses on the properties of such structures, concentrating on state‐of‐the‐art fabrication and applications.
Relative Lewis Basicities of Six Al(ORF)4− Superweak Anions and the Structures of LiAl{OCH(CF3)2}4 and [1-Et-3-Me-1,3-C3H3N2][Li{Al{OCH(CF3)2}4}2] (2001)

The relative Lewis basicities of six Al(ORF)4- ions, Al[OC(CH3)(CF3)2]4-, Al(OC(CF3)3]4-, Al(OCPh(CF3)2]4-, Al[OC[4-C6H4(tBu)](CF3)2]4-, Al(OC(Cy)(CF3)2]4-, and Al(OCPh2(CF3)]4-, have been determined by measuring their relative coordinating abilities towards Li+ in dichloromethane. The relative Li- Lewis basicities of the Al(ORF)4- ions are linearly related to the aqueous pKa values of the corresponding parent HORF fluoroalcohols. The Lewis basicity of Al[OCH(CF3)2]4- could not be measured because two of these anions can coordinate to one Li+ cation. The structures of LiAl[OCH(CF3)2]4 and [1-Et-3-Me-1,3-C3H3N2][Li[Al[OCH(CF3)2)4]2] were determined.
Electrolytic decarboxylation reactions. I. Electrosynthesis of .gamma.-substituted butyrolactones and .gamma.-substituted .alpha.,.beta.-butenolides from .gamma.-substituted paraconic acids (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrolytic decarboxylation reactions. I. Electrosynthesis of .gamma.-substituted butyrolactones and .gamma.-substituted .alpha.,.beta.-butenolides from .gamma.-substituted paraconic acidsSigeru Torii, Tsutomu Okamoto, and Hideo TanakaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 17, 2486–2488Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00931a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00931a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views210Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The ZrO/W(100) Schottky cathode: Morphological modification and its effect on long term operation (2011)

An investigation of the change in various geometric and emission parameters over the life cycle of nine ZrO/W(100) Schottky cathodes was performed. The initial shape for all emitters was “Stage 1,” i.e., a large square, low work function (100) facet intersected by four (112) and (110) facets. The ending shape for all emitters was “Stage 0,” i.e., a round central (100) facet with four side (110) planes. Change in geometric parameters such as emitter apex radius r, cone angle α, central (100) facet size f, and neck size L were measured at the beginning and after 10 000 to 18 000 h of cathode operation. For a particular end form (or Stage), f scaled linearly with emitter radius r. In addition, emission parameters such as the axial angular current density I′, total current It, work function ϕ, electric field F, and extraction voltage Ve were monitored continuously. Of the nine sources investigated four experienced collapsing net planes (ring collapse) on the central (100) crystal facet. The emitters with ring collapse events had the largest increase in r and a corresponding reduction in the field factor β = F/Ve. For the most part β, ϕ, and r remained unchanged for those emitters not having ring collapse events. The ending I′ values mostly decreased at a constant Ve, but less so for those emitters with no ring collapse. Experimental results showed that for I′ ≤ 0.3 mA/sr and T = 1800 K ring collapse occurs. In contrast, for I′ ≥ 0.3 mA/sr ring collapse does not occur. For all emitters investigated, the parameters exhibiting the largest increase over the course of the life test were L and It, whereas α was typically unchanged.
Structural Characterization of Layered Li<sub>x</sub>Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (0 < x ≤ 2) Oxide Electrodes for Li Batteries. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ernæringsforhold og det sorte marked i Danmark under besættelsen (2005)

Artiklen beskriver betydningen af den sorte bors for danskernes ernaeringsforhold under Besaettelsen. Grundet en forholdsvis gunstig forsyningssituation udviklede den sorte bors, i modsaetning til i mange andre lande, sig aldrig til noget marked for livsvigtige varer. Under Besaettelsen forblev den sorte bors et alternativt, om end udbredt, illegalt marked, hvor danskerne kunne supplere deres forbrug med isaer sukker, smor og tobaksvarer.
Femtosecond laser studies of the <i>cis</i>-stilbene photoisomerization reactions (1993)

Femtosecond laser studies have been performed on the photoisomerization reactions of cis-stilbene to obtain the most detailed understanding to date of a polyatomic isomerization reaction in a condensed phase environment. These experiments demonstrate that vibrationally hot product molecules are formed within a few hundred femtoseconds of the escape of the molecule from the cis* region of the potential energy surface. Although the cis to trans reaction may proceed via a twisted intermediate structure, this intermediate is not intercepted on the ∼150 fs time scale. The frictional effects on the cis to trans reaction coordinate are found to be important and account for the anisotropy of the trans product molecules. Specific experiments presented in detail are the absorption spectrum of electronically excited cis molecules (cis*); the anisotropy decays for cis* showing motion along the reaction coordinate; the detection of the trans-stilbene product using transient fluorescence and transient absorption, confirming that the reaction generates hot product states and that the Franck–Condon modes are largely spectators in the reaction; the anisotropy (alignment) of trans product molecules illustrating the effect of friction coupling overall motion to the reaction coordinate; and a theoretical treatment of three-pulse anisotropy experiments.
Pharmacological inhibition of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis is associated with induction of phosphatidylinositol accumulation and cytolysis of neoplastic cell lines. (2000)

De novo production of phosphatidic acid (PA) in tumor cells is required for phospholipid biosynthesis and growth of tumor cells. In addition, PA production by phospholipase D has been cited among the effects of certain oncogenes and growth factors. In this report, it has been demonstrated that enhanced phospholipid metabolism through PA in tumor cells can be exploited pharmacologically for development of anticancer agents, such as CT-2584, a cancer chemotherapeutic drug candidate currently in Phase II clinical trials. By inhibiting CTP:choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (CT), CT-2584 caused de novo phospholipid biosynthesis via PA to be shunted away from phosphatidylcholine (PC) and into phosphatidylinositol (PI), the latter of which was doubled in a variety of CT-2584-treated tumor cell lines. In contrast, cytotoxic concentrations of cisplatin did not induce accumulation of PI, indicating that PI elevation by CT-2584 was not a general consequence of chemotherapy-induced cell death. Consistent with this mechanism of action, propranolol, an inhibitor of PA phosphohydrolase and phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis, was also cytotoxic to tumor cell lines, induced PI accumulation, and potentiated the activity of CT-2584 in cytotoxicity assays. As expected from biophysical properties of anionic phospholipids on cellular membranes, CT-2584 cytotoxicity was associated with disruption and swelling of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. We conclude that CT-2584 effects a novel mechanism of cytotoxicity to cancer cells, involving a specific modulation of phospholipid metabolism.