gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical packet switches based on a single arrayed waveguide grating (2004)

Optical packet/burst switching is a very interesting approach to cope with some of the disadvantages of wavelength routed optical networks: static, coarse bandwidth assignment. Key components in that technology are the network nodes: fast optical packet switches. Apart from performance, cost and upgradability are also important issues. The paper proposes some different architectures, all based on a single AWG as the central building block. The different node architectures are assessed on their qualities and shortcomings.
Studies of the Thermal Stability and Degradation Mechanisms of Acrylic Acid Polymers and Ionomers (1990)

This research is concerned with the preparation, characterisation and thermal degradation of acrylic acid based polymers and copolymers. The alkali (Na and K), alkaline earth (Mg and Ca) and some transition metal salts (Zn and Co) of acrylic acid monomer and polymers together with the copolymers of styrene-acrylic acid and their sodium and potassium salts were prepared, characterised and their thermal behaviour were also studied under programmed and isothermal heating experiments using TVA, TG and DTA techniques. Degradation products were identified by spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, GC and GC-MS techniques. A brief discussion about ionic polymers including ionomers and polyelectrolytes is presented in Chapter One. This chapter also reviews briefly the definition and classification of polymer degradation. Chapter Two presents an introduction to the thermal analysis techniques mostly employed in this work, with emphasis on the thermal volatilisation analysis as a more sophisticated technique. The techniques which were used to identify the degradation products are briefly described. The preparation, characterisation and polymerisation of monomers, polymers and copolymers are explained in detail in Chapter Three. The thermal degradation of poly(acrylic acid) samples (lab-prepared and commercial sample) is the subject of Chapter Four. Programmed and isothermal heating experiments were employed to investigate the thermal behaviour of these materials. It is found that the thermal degradation of PAA commences with a dehydration reaction occurring by intramolecular cyclisation of adjacent monomer units to give six-membered anhydride ring structures. Decarboxylation becomes important under programmed heating conditions at about 250
Alcoholism and Alleles of the Human D2 Dopamine Receptor Locus (1991)

The association of the A1 allele of the D2 dopamine receptor gene with alcoholism was examined by comparing 32 unrelated white alcoholics with 25 unrelated white controls and by analysis of 17 nuclear families in multigenerational pedigrees of alcoholics in whom the A1 allele was segregating. All subjects had structured psychiatric interviews. Clinical assessment and genotyping were carried out independently. Thirteen (41%) of the 32 alcoholics carried the A1 allele compared with three (12%) of the 25 controls. The association with the A1 allele was significant when controls were compared with a subset of 10 alcoholics with severe medical problems (60% vs 12%), but not less severe cases. However, regardless of clinical severity or subtype, there was no evidence of linkage or cosegregation of the A1 allele and increased susceptibility to alcoholism in informative pedigrees. The possible association in the general population without linkage in families may be explained either by chance variation in our small samples or a modifying effect of the A1 allele that increases severity. Further study of the role of the D2 receptor gene in alcoholism is warranted.
Free‐radical copolymerizations of 1,2‐dichloroethylenes. Evidence for chain transfer by chlorine atom elimination (1969)

Abstract Trialkylboron–oxygen, an active, low‐temperature free‐radical initiator, has been employed to investigate the effects of very low temperatures on the copolymerizations of vinyl acetate with cis and trans ‐1,2‐dichloroethylenes. The low temperatures favor the propagation rate relative to the transfer rate, such that high molecular weight copolymers containing substantial quantities of 1,2‐dichloroethylene can be prepared. The molecular weights of the copolymers depend only on the amounts of 1,2‐dichloroethylene in the copolymers, regardless of the isomer which takes part in the copolymerization. Since the double bond of the trans isomer is about six times as reactive as that of the cis isomer, this indicates that the dominating chain transfer reaction occurs by chlorine atom elimination subsequent to the addition of the dichloroethylene unit to the growing free radical chain. It is suggested that a similar chain‐transfer mechanism occurs in the polymerization of vinyl chloride, wherein an infrequent head‐to‐head placement of monomer unit is followed by ejection of a chlorine atom to form an olefinic bond and termination of that growing chain. The presence of the 1,2‐dichloroethylene unit in the copolymer increases the glass transition temperature approximately 1°C per weight per cent copolymerized with the vinyl acetate.
Oral salmon calcitonin reduces Lequesne's algofunctional index scores and decreases urinary and serum levels of biomarkers of joint metabolism in knee osteoarthritis (2006)

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effects of oral salmon calcitonin (sCT) on Lequesne's algofunctional index scores and on biomarkers of joint metabolism in knee osteoarthritis. Methods In this randomized, double‐blind trial, patients received either placebo (n = 18), 0.5 mg of sCT (n = 17), or 1 mg of sCT (n = 18) daily for 84 days. Biomarkers included C‐telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX‐II), type II collagen neoepitope C2C, collagenases (matrix metalloproteinase 1 [MMP‐1], MMP‐8, and MMP‐13), stromelysin (MMP‐3), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 1 and 2, and hyaluronan. Statistical analysis included nonparametric tests. Results A total of 41 patients completed the study (13 in the group receiving 0.5 mg of sCT and 14 in each of the other 2 other groups). Although, on day 84, patients in both the placebo group and the group receiving 1 mg of sCT exhibited a similar significant decrease in pain scores, a significant reduction in the function score was observed only in the 2 sCT groups. On day 84, there was no significant decrease in biomarker levels in the placebo group, whereas significant reductions in the levels of both MMP‐3 and hyaluronan were observed in the 2 sCT groups. The group of patients receiving 1 mg of sCT exhibited significant decreases in the levels of CTX‐II, C2C, and MMP‐13. Conclusion By improving functional disability and by reducing levels of biomarkers that are thought to be predictive of joint space narrowing (and thus cartilage loss), oral sCT at a dose of 1 mg might be a useful pharmacologic agent in human knee OA.
Pseudochaining in hash tables (1978)

This paper presents pseudochaining as a new collision-resolution method. Pseudochaining is half way between open addressing and chaining. It owes its name to the fact that link fields are present in each cell of the hash table which permits “chaining” of the first overflow items in the table. The efficiency of the method is derived and a tradeoff analysis is given.
Effect of different dietary levels of salt-mixtures on growth and body composition in carp. (1984)

A 56-day feed trial was conducted to examine the effect of feeding graded levels of a saltmixture (0-6%), as compared with an established mineral supplement (4%, McCOLLUM'S saltmixture no. 185 plus trace elements), on the growth and body composition of carp. Fish fed the ration containing 4% McCOLLUM'S salt-mixture plus trace elements displayed the highest overall growth response and feed efficiency over the experimental test period. For those fish fed graded levels of the salt-mixtures, maximum growth was obtained at the 2% incilusion level. In contrast to fish fed mineral supplemented rations, fish fed a ration containing no mineral supplement displayed reduced growth, low feed effciency, loss of muscle tone, decreased heamatocrit, decreased haemoglolbin and serum glucose concentration, elevated carcass moisture, Ca, P and Na content, and reduced carcass protein, lipid Mg, Fe, Zn and Cu content. The data present indicates the necessity of a dietary mineral supplement for carp fed a purified ration based on casein, potato starch, dextrin and lipid.
Protein C and the Endothelium (1988)

With the continued accumulation of clinical and animal studies, it is becoming abundantly clear that the protein C anticoagulant pathway plays a critical role in the regulation of coagulation. Investigations also indicate that this pathway is intimately involved in the interaction of the coagulation and inflammatory systems. Although no direct information is presently available, the function of this pathway is likely depressed in the regions of atherosclerotic plaque. It is clear that monocytes accumulate in this region and release many growth factors and monokines that are capable of endothelial function perturbation. Perturbation of the protein C anticoagulant pathway is one viable mechanism for the hypercoagulable state in this disease. As indicated here, the endothelial cells of the vessel wall play a critical role in the initiation, and possibly expression, of this pathway. Any injury to these cells that affects the proper expression of thrombomodulin, synthesis of protein S, or Factor Va inactivation complex formation could potentially lead to a hypercoagulable state and thrombotic complications. As has been discussed, several inflammatory mediators are already known that fulfill the criteria of endothelial cell perturbants that may lead to such a state. What other entities might have similar effects, either directly or indirectly through induction of cytokines, is not known at this time. A more complete understanding of this critical pathway and the effects of vascular disease on it should lead to a better understanding of many diverse disease processes and potential therapeutic strategies in the future.
Structure-Activity Relation of N-alkyl Tetracaine Derivatives as Neurolytic Agents for Sciatic Nerve Lesions  (1998)

When n-alkylation is 4-6, n-alkyl tetracaine appeared as a strong neurolytic agent. Neurolytic derivatives retained their local anesthetic activity and elicited rapid onset of nerve block after injection. Such derivatives are potential local anesthetic-neurolytic dual agents for chemical lesions of the sciatic nerve.
Slack Stealing Job Admission Control Scheduling (1998)

In this paper, we present Slack Stealing Job Admission Control (SSJAC)---a methodology for scheduling periodic firm-deadline tasks with variable resource requirements, subject to controllable Quality of Service (QoS) constraints. In a system that uses Rate Monotonic Scheduling, SSJAC augments the slack stealing algorithm of Thuel et al with an admission control policy to manage the variability in the resource requirements of the periodic tasks. This enables SSJAC to take advantage of the 31\\% of utilization that RMS cannot use, as well as any utilization unclaimed by jobs that are not admitted into the system.\n \n Using SSJAC, each task in the system is assigned a resource utilization threshold that guarantees the minimal acceptable QoS for that task (expressed as an upper bound on the rate of missed deadlines). Job admission control is used to ensure that (1) only those jobs that will complete by their deadlines are admitted, and (2) tasks do not interfere with each other, thus a job can only monopolize the slack in the system, but not the time guaranteed to jobs of other tasks.\n \n We have evaluated SSJAC against RMS and Statistical RMS (SRMS). Ignoring overhead issues, SSJAC consistently provides better performance than RMS in overload, and, in certain conditions, better performance than SRMS. In addition, to evaluate optimality of SSJAC in an absolute sense, we have characterized the performance of SSJAC by comparing it to an inefficient, yet optimal scheduler for task sets with harmonic periods.
Preparation and characterization of acrylic polymers based on a novel acrylic monomer produced from vegetable oil (2009)

Abstract To prepare polymers based on the vegetable oils, an acrylic monomer with long alkyl chain, (2‐(acryloyloxy) ethyl oleate) (AEO)), was prepared by the reaction of hydroxyl ethyl acrylate (HEA) with methyl oleate (MO), in which the MO, having very similar structure to the bio‐diesel, was the one derived from Linseed oil. For the formation of the AEO, Novozyme‐435, the Candida antarctica lipase B loaded on the acrylic resin, was used as a catalyst. To optimize its reaction condition, effects of experimental factors, such as, different enzymes, reaction temperature, water activity of enzyme, concentration of enzyme used, and molar ratio of HEA and MO, were studied. The AEO was then, after characterization using several analytical methods, polymerized by the radical polymerization, using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as a catalyst. The M n of the polymers prepared under different experimental conditions was in the range from 20,000 to 30,000 g/mol. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Fluoroalkyl azide chemistry (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluoroalkyl azide chemistryCarl G. KrespanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 3, 332–337Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00353a011RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views437Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (820 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Optimization of flexible substrate for COF (chip on flexible) LED packaging (2009)

The poor thermal design of high brightness light-emitting diodes (HB-LEDs) package for the automotive exterior lighting system causes the degradation of the optical and reliability performance, also the deterioration of the cost-effectiveness. We design the flexible package substrate with the thick heat-spreading layer and thermal via-hole fully filled with the copper (FFC) for the conventional process of flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) and the extraction methodology of the heat flow is presented. Effective heat flow for thermal simulation is compensated for the optical loss between the internal and external quantum efficiency. The vertical blue LED is attached on metal core printed circuit board (MCPCB) without the molding process, and then heat distribution and optical power is, respectively, measured by using infrared camera and optical LED tester as increasing the magnitude of the input power. Detailed thermal performance of FPCB and MCPCB is verified with the heat distribution and the thermal resistance. The effects of the main factors of FPCB with filled via-holes are discussed using design of experiment (DOE) methodology. The thermal resistance and junction temperature of FPCB is, respectively, over two times and 10 degC lower than that of MCPCB.
Ultrasonic transceiver with the possibilities of the data communication and the two-point distance measurement (2016)

This paper deals with the problem of the short distance measurement between two (or more) moving points with the ability of a simple data communication. Different possibilities were explored and using the ultrasonic transceiver was then chosen for a future development. The article describes a solution which uses ultrasonic transceivers and allows the distance measurement between two moving points (model master-slave) up to 5 m with the simultaneous communication (bit rate 100 bit/s). The paper also proposes a possible future development to extend the model to more than 2 points distance measurement and communication.
Passive component based multifunctional Jones matrix swept source optical coherence tomography for Doppler and polarization imaging (2012)

We present a fiber based multifunctional Jones matrix swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system for Doppler and polarization imaging. Jones matrix measurement without using active components such as electro-optic modulators is realized by incident polarization multiplexing based on independent delay of two orthogonal polarization states and polarization diversity detection. In addition to polarization sensitivity, this system measures Doppler flow without extra hardware for phase stabilized SS-OCT detection. An eighth-wave plate was measured to demonstrate the polarization detection accuracy. The optic nerve head of a retina was measured in vivo. Detailed vasculature and birefringent structures were investigated simultaneously.
Latency-driven design of multi-purpose systems-on-chip (2002)

Deep submicron technology has two major ramifications on the design process: (i) critical paths are being dominated by global interconnect rather than gate delays and (ii) ultra high levels of integration mandate designs that encompass numerous intra-synchronous blocks with decreased functional granularity and increased communication demands. These factors emphasize the importance of the on-chip bus network as the crucial high-performance enabler for future systems-on-chip. By using independent functional blocks with programmable connectivity, designers are able to build systems-on-chip capable of supporting different applications with exceptional levels of resource sharing. To address challenges in this design paradigm, we have developed a methodology that enables efficient bus network design with approximate timing verification and floorplanning of multi-purpose systems-on-chip in early design stages. The design platform iterates system synthesis and floorplanning to build min-area floorplans that satisfy statistical time constraints of applications. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our bus network design approach using examples from a multimedia benchmark suite.
The centre of Victoria (2015)

Informally, the centroid or moment centroid of a two-dimensional region can be thought of as the point at which a uniformly thin cut-out of the region balances on the tip of a pencil. It coincides with the centre of mass of the cut-out, and can be regarded as the 'average' position of all the points in the region. Cardboard cut-out illustrating the centroid of Victoria.
Surface Structure and High-Voltage Charging/Discharging Performance of Low-Content Zr-Oxide-Coated LiNi<sub>1/3</sub>Co<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (2015)

The surface structures, high-voltage charging/discharging performances, and Li-ion transfer at the electrode/electrolyte interface of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 coated with small amounts of Zr oxide by the sol-gel method were investigated. Island-like ZrO2 grains as well as grain-free (sea-like) zones were observed on the surfaces of the coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 samples. The ratio of the area of these sea-like zones to the total surface area of the LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 sample increased from 44 to 85% when the Zr oxide content was decreased from 1.0 to 0.125 wt%. A compound oxide phase containing Zr, Ni, Co, and Mn was formed uniformly on the sea-like zones; the depth of this phase was approximately 2 nm. The initial discharge capacities of the coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 samples were equal to that of bare LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2. Further, the cycling performances of the coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 samples were significantly higher, as were their discharge capacities and discharge voltages, while their charge-transfer resistances (Rct) were lower. It was also found that the coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 samples had lower activation energies (Ea) for charge transfer than the bare LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2. Thus, it can be surmised that the area and structure of the sea-like zones determined the Rct and Ea values and cycling performances of the coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 samples.
Guidelines for the Selection of Weighting Functions for H-Infinity Control (1992)

This report provides insight into the selection of H-Infinity (H.) Control weighting functions that help shape the performance and robustness characteristics of systems designed using the Hoo and V-Synthesis Control methods. Background material regarding sensitivity functions, loopshaping, and Hoo Control is followed by a discussion of general engineering guidelines for the design of Hoo Control weighting functions. In addition, unresolved design issues and alternatives are presented. Thus, this report presents practical rules-of-thumb and identifies issues and alternatives in the design of weighting functions for Hoo Control.
Synthesis of Chain‐end Functionalized Polyolefins and Polyolefin Diblock Copolymers via the Combination of Metallocene Catalysts and Reactive Chain Transfer Agents (2002)

Abstract This paper discusses a facile route to prepare chain‐end functionalized polyolefins containing a terminal functional group (OH, COOH, NH 2 , etc.), and polyolefin diblock copolymers containing a polyolefin block and a functional polymer block. The chemistry is centered at an in situ chain transfer reaction during metallocene‐mediated α‐olefin polymerization using two reactive chain transfer (CT) agents, including dialkylborane (R 2 B‐H) and styrenic molecule/H 2 , to form polyolefin containing a reactive alkylborane and styrenic terminal group, respectively. With the appropriate choice of metallocene catalyst, the polymer formed shows narrow molecular weight distribution ( M w / M n ∼2), and the polymer molecular weight is inversely proportional to the molar ratio of [CT agent]/[α‐olefin]. In turn, the terminal borane group is very versatile in interconversion to various polar groups. More importantly, it can be quantitatively transformed to a living radical initiator for chain extension reaction with functional monomers. On the other hand, the terminal styrenic group was then selectively metallated and transformed to a stable polymeric anion for living anionic polymerization. The overall diblock co‐polymer process resembles a transformation reaction from metallocene‐mediated α‐olefin polymerization to a living free radical or a living anionic polymerization of functional monomers.
Indexing of technical manual document databases (1995)

Indexing or retrieving information from a database of images in response to a query is an important problem in the on-line maintenance of large volumes of documents depicting images, graphics and text. A key component of image indexing is the selection of image regions that are likely to contain the queried object. In this paper we propose attentional selection as a paradigm for selection during image indexing. Specifically, we present an implementation of a model of attentional selection to perform indexing in the domain of technical manual documents depicting line drawing images of physical equipment. The indexing system developed selects regions containing a 3D machine part in relevant pages of the manual in response to a query describing the part. Model-based object recognition then confirms the presence of the part at that location by solving for the pose of the queried object.