gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An acidic fibroblast growth factor protein generated by alternate splicing acts like an antagonist. (1992)

Polymerase chain reaction amplification of cDNA for acidic fibroblast growth factor in several lines of cultured human cells revealed two forms of mRNA. The novel smaller mRNA lacks the entire second coding exon of the acidic fibroblast growth factor gene, whereas the previously identified mRNA consists of three coding exons. The truncated variant of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF') is only 60 amino acids long with an apparent molecular mass of 6.7 kD on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels in contrast to 18 kD for the full-length acidic fibroblast growth factor. aFGF' elicits only minimal fibroblast proliferation and antagonizes the effects of acidic fibroblast growth factor when added exogenously to or when coexpressed with aFGF in BALB/c/3T3 fibroblasts. Thus, the truncated variant of acidic fibroblast growth factor may provide fibroblasts with a unique mechanism for endogenous regulation of their responses to acidic fibroblast growth factor.
Triacylglycerol Synthesis by Purified Triacylglycerol Synthetase of Rat Intestinal Mucosa. (1995)

The activities of the proposed triacylglycerol synthetase complex, acyl-CoA ligase, acyl-CoA acyltransferase (AAT), monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MGAT), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT), coeluted upon Cibacron blue 3GA-agarose affinity chromatography of detergent-solubilized rat intestinal microsomes. The AAT activity is associated with a 54-kDa protein, that binds covalently an acyl group from acyl-CoA via a thiol ester linkage (Lehner, R. and Kuksis, A. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 24726-24733). Reagents that prevent the acyl-AAT formation inhibit triacylglycerol synthesis as does the removal of AAT from the complex by immunoprecipitation. In the absence of mono- and diacylglycerol acceptors, the acyl group is transferred to water. It is proposed that triacylglycerol synthesis proceeds via a sequential transfer of acyl groups from acyl-CoA ligase to the AAT, from which they are passed to the mono- and diacylglycerol acyltransferases for incorporation into the di- and triacylglycerols depending on the availability of the acyl acceptors.
A Study on Drain System Development for Stability Increase of Cutting Slope (2005)

Moutain side ditch is constructed at the top of cutting slopes around road and it drains the surface water that flowed from upper part. About 70% of a country is composed of mountains so occurrence of cutting face by road general observation is necessary. Instability of cutting face is increased by permeation of underground water by rainfall the summer, pore water pressure increases. However, moutain side ditch is constructed on the top of cutting slopes has some troubles. For example, difficulty of qualify control and lack of drainage faculty. Therefore, stability variation of cutting slope is analyzed by hydraulic conductivity and construction depth of mountain side ditch and effective depth of mountain side ditch is decided in this paper.
Advanced phase-change materials for passive solar storage applications: Final report. [C-16 to C-24 alkyl hydrocarbons] (1986)

Our current and most promising series of candidate phase-change materials (PCM) is the crystalline alkyl hydrocarbons. Ultra-pure C-16 to C-24 alkyl hydrocarbons that melt and freeze sharply in the temperature range desired for solar-passive applications are available from Humphrey Chemical at a premium price. These alkyl hydrocarbons have heats of fusion (..delta..Hf) of 55 to 60 cal/gm, are self-nucleating, and exhibit little or no supercooling. However, paraffin waxes are commercially available at much lower cost from several petroleum refining companies (Witco, Shell, Exxon, Union Oil, Phillips Petroleum) that have melting points ranging from 15 to 80/sup 0/C, and are available at a quoted price of $0.28/lb ($0.15/lb for some grades) in tank-car quantities. We are working with Witco to further refine the commercial material in order to develop a wax that will meet our needs at an economical price. One possibly important facet of the use of the alkyl hydrocarbon PCM in cement and plaster is that these structural materials can be waterproofed simultaneously. As is well known, containment costs and attendant problems have been the bane of many of the PCM systems developed in the past. During the past year, we have preliminarily defined economic and effective methods ofmore » packaging the candidate PCMs in common construction materials. Importantly, the containment methods appear to also provide a means of adequate heat transfer; and the processes are of the type that could be rapidly implemented by commercial manufacturers of building materials. 99 figs., 81 tabs.« less
Copy number alterations and neoplasia‐specific mutations in <i>MELK</i>, <i>PDCD1LG2, TLN1</i>, and <i>PAX5</i> at 9p in different neoplasias (2014)

Genetic alterations affecting 9p are commonly present in many cancer types and many cancer-related genes are located in this chromosomal region. We sequenced all of the genes located in a 32Mb region of 9p by targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) in 96 patients with different cancer types, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, bone malignant fibrous histiocytoma/undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, and lung carcinoma. Copy number alterations (CNA), and mutations were studied from the NGS data. We detected a deletion at the CDKN2A locus as being the most frequent genetic alteration in all cancer types. In addition to this locus, NGS also identified other small regions of copy number loss and gain. However, different cancer types did not reveal any statistically significant differences with regard to CNA frequency or type. Of the 191 genes within the target region, two novel recurrent mutations were found in the MELK and PDCD1LG2 genes. The most commonly mutated gene in sarcomas was TLN1 (8%) and PAX5 in ALL (9%). Mutations in PAX5, and RUSC2, were seen exclusively in ALL patients and those in KIAA1432, CA9, TLN1, and MELK only in sarcomas (MFH, FS, EFT). Thus using targeted NGS of the 9p region, in addition to commonly deleted CDKN2A locus, we were able to identify a number of small deletions and gains, as well as novel recurrent mutations in different cancer types. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Model-Based Lane Detection and Lane Following for Intelligent Vehicles (2010)

A robust model-based lane detection and tracking algorithm has been studied. Initially, Dynamic programming (DP) and Hough transform are employed to detect lane boundaries. The Dynamic programming is known to be a powerful algorithm for optimal path finding on a cost field. Utilizing the intensities of edge image as costs of the DP, most likely road boundaries are obtained in this paper. An improved Hough Transform is applied to detect practically useful road boundaries with straight line segments. In the following stage, based on the prior information of lane boundaries in the detection procedure, the road boundary region has been obtained. A linear lane model has been employed with an energy function in tracking algorithm. Experiment results in inter-frame processing describe the proposed method can fit for real condition on expressway.
Whole-cell inactivated Leptospirosis vaccine: Future prospects (2013)

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease of worldwide distribution that is caused by pathogenic spirochete bacteria of the genus Leptospira. It is transmitted by the urine of an infected animal and contagious in a moist environment. Epidemiological studies indicate that infection is commonly associated with certain occupational workers such as farmers, sewage workers, veterinarians, and animal handlers. The annual incidence is estimated at 0.1-1 per 100,000 in temperate climates to 10-100 per 100,000 in the humid tropics. A disease incidence of more than 100 per 100,000 is encountered during outbreaks and in high-exposure risk groups. The 11 countries in South-East Asia (SEA) together have a population of more than 1.7 billion and a work force of about 770 million with more than 450 million people engaged in agriculture. Because of the large number of serovars and infection sources and the wide differences in conditions of transmission, the control of leptospirosis is complicated and will depend on local conditions. The available leptospirosis vaccines are mono- or polyvalent cellular suspensions. These cells are inactivated by chemical agents like formaldehyde and phenol, or by physical agents like heat. The vaccine confers protection for not longer than about one year, while there are cases that need revaccination six months later during epidemic periods.
Randomized Controlled Trial Testing the Effects of Weight Loss on Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (2009)

Weight reduction achieved through lifestyle intervention leads to improvements in liver histology in NASH.
Selective signal transduction through the CD3 or CD2 complex is required for class II MHC expression by human T cells. (1990)

Ag-dependent activation of human T cells results in high level expression of class II MHC molecules. As part of this process, Ag recognition by TCR generates a series of second signals including protein kinase C, tyrosine kinase, and Ca2+ mobilization. To investigate the role of these second messengers in class II MHC expression, purified T cells were first stimulated by PMA, ionomycin, OKT3 accompanied by IL-2, or the mitogenic anti-CD2 antibodies T112 and T113 and were then stained with FITC-conjugated anti-class I and -class II MHC antibodies for analysis by flow cytometry. OKT3 and IL-2 induced optimal expression of HLA-DR (DR) on 70% of T cells with high density. Despite their high mitogenicity, induction of class II MHC expression by PMA, even with co-stimulation by ionomycin, was reduced to less than 20% of T cells, with an intensity 50-fold lower than in OKT3/IL-2-stimulated T cells. Furthermore, PMA inhibited class II MHC expression by OKT3/IL-2-stimulated T cells in a dose-dependent manner and additional stimuli, such as IL-1, IL-4, IFN-gamma, TCR cross-linkers, or monocytes, did not restore class II MHC expression by PMA-activated T cells. DR beta mRNA analysis showed that the low induction of class II molecules by PMA extends to the transcriptional level. Interestingly, anti-T112 and anti-T113 induced not only proliferation of T cells but also DR expression on more than 90% of T cells. These results indicate that transduction of a specific signal, probably selective phosphorylation of the CD3 molecule, contributes to class II MHC induction in the process of T cell activation.
Performance of P-type epitaxial silicon millimeter-wave IMPATT diodes (1974)

A series of p-type IMPATT diodes (p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> pn <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> ) have been fabricated from epitaxially grown silicon for operation as oscillators at K <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a</inf> -band frequencies. A maximum CW output power level of 700 mW at 29.6 GHz, a maximum conversion efficiency of 10.9 percent, and a minimum FM noise parameter, M, of 25 dB have been measured on this series of p-type diodes. A diode oscillating in a variable height radial disk cavity was frequency tuned from 27.5 to 40 GHz, covering the entire K <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a</inf> -band, with a 1.4 dB power variation over the tuning range. The minimum CW output power of this tunable oscillator was 360 mW at 6.5 percent efficiency.
Exosomes in Mesenchymal Stem Cells, a New Therapeutic Strategy for Cardiovascular Diseases? (2015)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are still a major cause of people deaths worldwide, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation holds great promise due to its capacity to differentiate into cardiovascular cells and secrete protective cytokines, which presents an important mechanism of MSCs therapy for CVDs. Although the capability of MSCs to differentiate into cardiomyocytes (CMCs), endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has been well recognized in massive previous experiments both in vitro and in vivo, low survival rate of transplanted MSCs in recipient hearts suggests that therapeutic effects of MSCs transplantation might be also correlated with other underlying mechanisms. Notably, recent studies uncovered that MSCs were able to secret cholesterol-rich, phospholipid exosomes which were enriched with microRNAs (miRNAs). The released exosomes from MSCs acted on hearts and vessels, and then exerted anti-apoptosis, cardiac regeneration, anti-cardiac remodeling, anti-inflammatory effects, neovascularization and anti-vascular remodeling, which are considered as novel molecular mechanisms of therapeutic potential of MSCs transplantation. Here we summarized recent advances about the role of exosomes in MSCs therapy for CVDs, and discussed exosomes as a novel approach in the treatment of CVDs in the future.
Molecular cloning of the 3' half of the Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin gene and demonstration that this region encodes receptor-binding activity (1989)

Clostridium perfringens type A enterotoxin (CPE) causes the symptoms associated with C. perfringens food poisoning. To determine whether the C-terminal half of CPE contains receptor-binding activity, the 3' half of the cpe structural gene was cloned with an Escherichia coli expression vector system. E. coli lysates containing the expressed C-terminal CPE fragment (CPEfrag) were then assayed for CPE-like serologic, receptor-binding, and cytotoxic activities. CPEfrag was shown to contain an epitope located at or near the receptor-binding domain of the CPE molecule. Competitive-binding studies showed specific competition for CPE receptors between CPE and CPEfrag lysates. CPEfrag lysates did not cause cytotoxicity in Vero (African green monkey kidney) cells. However, preincubation with CPEfrag lysates specifically protected Vero cells from subsequent CPE challenge. This indicates that CPEfrag recognizes the physiologic receptor which mediates CPE cytotoxicity. Collectively, these studies indicate that the C-terminal half of CPE contains a receptor-binding domain but additional amino acid sequences appear to be required for CPE cytotoxicity.
Anion Influence on Some Soil Physical Properties (1960)

Abstract Addition of HCl, H 2 SO 4 , and H 3 PO 4 to montmorillonite clay and a montmorillonitic soil had little effect on the liquid limit of these materials over a wide range of concentrations. The liquid limit of a kaolinitic soil clay was reduced markedly by both HCl and H 2 SO 4 , whereas H 3 PO 4 decreased the liquid limit value at lower concentrations and increased it at higher ones. These results are discussed in light of the charge variability and of anion retention by the kaolinitic soil.
Role of Ceramide in Mediating the Inhibition of Telomerase Activity in A549 Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells (2001)

This study was designed to analyze whether ceramide, a bioeffector of growth suppression, plays a role in the regulation of telomerase activity in A549 cells. Telomerase activity was inhibited significantly by exogenous C(6)-ceramide, but not by the biologically inactive analog dihydro-C(6)-ceramide, in a time- and dose-dependent manner, with 85% inhibition produced by 20 microm C(6)-ceramide at 24 h. Moreover, analysis of phosphatidylserine translocation from the inner to the outer plasma membrane by flow cytometry and of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase degradation by Western blotting showed that ceramide treatment (20 microm for 24 h) had no apoptotic effects. Trypan blue exclusion, [(3)H]thymidine incorporation, and cell cycle analyses, coupled with clonogenic cell survival assay on soft agar, showed that ceramide treatment with a 20 microm concentration at 24 h resulted in the cell cycle arrest of the majority of the cell population at G(0)/G(1) with no detectable cell death. These results suggest that the inhibition of telomerase by ceramide is not a consequence of cell death but is correlated with growth arrest. Next, to determine the role of endogenous ceramide in telomerase modulation, A549 cells were transiently transfected with an expression vector containing the full-length bacterial sphingomyelinase cDNA (b-SMase). The overexpression of b-SMase, but not exogenously applied purified b-SMase enzyme, resulted in significantly decreased telomerase activity compared with controls, showing that the increased endogenous ceramide is sufficient for telomerase inhibition. Moreover, treatment of A549 cells with daunorubicin at 1 microm for 6 h resulted in the inhibition of telomerase, which correlated with the elevation of endogenous ceramide levels and growth arrest. Finally, stable overexpression of human glucosylceramide synthase, which attenuates ceramide levels by converting ceramide to glucosylceramide, prevented the inhibitory effects of C(6)-ceramide and daunorubicin on telomerase. Therefore, these results provide novel data showing for the first time that ceramide is a candidate upstream regulator of telomerase.
An LSTM-Based Deep Learning Approach for Classifying Malicious Traffic at the Packet Level (2019)

Recently, deep learning has been successfully applied to network security assessments and intrusion detection systems (IDSs) with various breakthroughs such as using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to classify malicious traffic. However, these state-of-the-art systems also face tremendous challenges to satisfy real-time analysis requirements due to the major delay of the flow-based data preprocessing, i.e., requiring time for accumulating the packets into particular flows and then extracting features. If detecting malicious traffic can be done at the packet level, detecting time will be significantly reduced, which makes the online real-time malicious traffic detection based on deep learning technologies become very promising. With the goal of accelerating the whole detection process by considering a packet level classification, which has not been studied in the literature, in this research, we propose a novel approach in building the malicious classification system with the primary support of word embedding and the LSTM model. Specifically, we propose a novel word embedding mechanism to extract packet semantic meanings and adopt LSTM to learn the temporal relation among fields in the packet header and for further classifying whether an incoming packet is normal or a part of malicious traffic. The evaluation results on ISCX2012, USTC-TFC2016, IoT dataset from Robert Gordon University and IoT dataset collected on our Mirai Botnet show that our approach is competitive to the prior literature which detects malicious traffic at the flow level. While the network traffic is booming year by year, our first attempt can inspire the research community to exploit the advantages of deep learning to build effective IDSs without suffering significant detection delay.
Ventricular Fibrillation Causes Sudden Death in Southeast Asian Immigrants (1984)

Young, male, Southeast Asian immigrants living in the United States have a high incidence of unexplained, sudden, nocturnal death. We report the cases of three patients, two Laotians and one Filipino, who were resuscitated and subsequently studied extensively. Each patient was having ventricular fibrillation when first examined by paramedics outside the hospital, and episodes of fibrillation recurred in the early hospital course. Clinical evaluation found no significant coronary atherosclerosis or structural cardiac disease. One patient is asymptomatic after 2 years; the second patient died suddenly at 4 months; and the third is asymptomatic but had inducible ventricular tachycardia on electrophysiologic testing 6 months after resuscitation. The mechanism of sudden death in young Southeast Asian men appears to be ventricular fibrillation. The cause of the arrhythmia is unclear, although in our patients the arrhythmia was not an isolated event; underlying predispositions to further cardiac arrest persisted.
Competitive Pricing for Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Dynamic Game, Inefficiency of Nash Equilibrium, and Collusion (2008)

We address the problem of spectrum pricing in a cognitive radio network where multiple primary service providers compete with each other to offer spectrum access opportunities to the secondary users. By using an equilibrium pricing scheme, each of the primary service providers aims to maximize its profit under quality of service (QoS) constraint for primary users. We formulate this situation as an oligopoly market consisting of a few firms and a consumer. The QoS degradation of the primary services is considered as the cost in offering spectrum access to the secondary users. For the secondary users, we adopt a utility function to obtain the demand function. With a <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Bertrand game </i> model, we analyze the impacts of several system parameters such as spectrum substitutability and channel quality on the Nash equilibrium (i.e., equilibrium pricing adopted by the primary services). We present distributed algorithms to obtain the solution for this dynamic game. The stability of the proposed dynamic game algorithms in terms of convergence to the Nash equilibrium is studied. However, the Nash equilibrium is not efficient in the sense that the total profit of the primary service providers is not maximized. An optimal solution to gain the highest total profit can be obtained. A collusion can be established among the primary services so that they gain higher profit than that for the Nash equilibrium. However, since one or more of the primary service providers may deviate from the optimal solution, a punishment mechanism may be applied to the deviating primary service provider. A repeated game among primary service providers is formulated to show that the collusion can be maintained if all of the primary service providers are aware of this punishment mechanism, and therefore, properly weight their profits to be obtained in the future.
Segments Graph-Based Approach for Document Capture in a Smartphone Video Stream (2017)

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the problem of document boundaries detection in images and in a video stream. The paper proposes an algorithm for obtaining the position of the document, consisting of very reliable segments of a document boundaries extraction and a construction of an intersection graph that satisfies the projective model of the rectangle. An online algorithm for selecting and integrating possible document positions in a video stream based on the Kalman filter is proposed. The analysis of possible modifications of the algorithm and their effect on the final result are provided. Evaluation of the quality of the document at ICDAR'15 Smartphone Document Capture competition's dataset [1] showed a mean result of 95.5% in Jaccard index of projectively corrected document quadrangles and a 3rd place in the competition.