gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SDR (systems defined radio): how do we get there from here? (2002)

The SDR, which normally means software defined radio, is a major change from earlier radios. Functionality is predominantly realized in software (SW). SDR hardware (HW) is predominantly computers and data buses rather than RF/IF elements. SDRs are complex "do everything" radios. Object oriented analysis/object oriented design (OOA/OOD) has become a mainstream SW methodology over the past decade. These changes make definition of radio requirements, translation of these requirements into radio architecture and design, and description of SDR functionality more difficult. The modern radio is in fact a complex system and needs to be treated as such if these challenges are to be successfully met. An approach to achieving this is presented that marries conventional top-down functional decomposition with OOA/OOD.
A Deep Learning Network for Right Ventricle Segmentation in Short:Axis MRI (2016)

The segmentation of the right ventricle (RV) myocardium on MRI is a prerequisite step for the evaluation of RV structure and function, which is of great importance in the diagnose of most cardiac diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension, congenital heart disease, coronary heart disease, and dysplasia. However, RV segmentation is considered challenging, mainly because of the complex crescent shape of the RV across slices and phases. Hence this study aims to propose a new approach to segment RV endocardium and epicardium based on deep learning. The proposed method contains two subtasks: (1) localizing the region of interest (ROI), the biventricular region which contains more meaningful features and can facilitate the RV segmentation, and (2) segmenting the RV myocardium based on the localization. The two subtasks are integrated into a joint task learning framework, in which each task is solved via two multilayer convolutional neural networks. The experiments results show that the proposed method has big potential to be further researched and applied in clinical diagnosis.
Synthesis of MoS<sub>2</sub>/C Submicrosphere by PVP-Assisted Hydrothermal Method for Lithium Ion Battery (2012)

Molybdenum disulfide/carbon (MoS2/C) submicrosphere was synthesized through a PVP-assisted hydrothermal reaction of sodium molybdate and thiourea (CS(NH2)2), The structure and morphology of MoS2 composites were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The lithium intercalation/de-intercalation behavior of as-prepared MoS2 submicrosphere electrode was also investigated. It was found that the MoS2 submicrosphere electrode exhibited the best electrochemical performance, retaining a specific capacity of 575mAh/g after 100 cycles, with higher first charge capacity (1037 mAh/g), which was better than those of the MoS2 prepared without PVP
pH-sensitive cationic lipopeptides for the design of drug-delivery systems (2006)

Lipopeptides on the basis of L-glutamic acid and glutamine di- and monoesters with aliphatic alcohols of various lengths that contain L-arginine, L-ornithine, and L-lysine were synthesized. The behavior of these amphiphiles in aqueous medium was shown to depend on their structure.
Generation and cloning of stable human IgE-secreting cells that have rearranged the C epsilon gene (1991)

Although the secretion of Ig isotypes other than IgM is generally accompanied by a DNA rearrangement that deletes C mu (and the other IgCH genes located between VDJ and the expressed CH gene), a system has recently been described that generates a high frequency of IgE-secreting cells that have failed to delete IgCH genes or to rearrange their C epsilon genes. These cells, derived from EBV-transformed human PBMC, secrete IgM and IgD as well as IgE. To determine whether the absence of C epsilon rearrangement and CH gene deletion is a general phenomenon for human IgE-secreting cells, we have characterized IgE-secreting cells that are generated by culturing purified human B cells with EBV plus IL-4 in the presence of irradiated human PBMC. In contrast to the earlier observation, we have not been able to detect any cells that demonstrate cytoplasmic staining for IgE and concurrently stain for a second Ig isotype. Stable IgE-secreting cell lines and clones produced by this method have rearranged one of their C epsilon genes and have deleted both C mu genes. These observations demonstrate that the generation of human IgE-secreting cells can involve the same gene rearrangement and deletional mechanisms that lead to the generation of cells that secrete other isotypes.
Current-Induced Effective Fields Detected by Magnetotrasport Measurements (2013)

We show that the angle-dependent Hall measurement is an effective method to determine the current-induced effective fields by investigating MgO/Fe/Ta and MgO/Fe/Pt/Ta multilayer structures. The experimentally obtained Hall resistance under a relatively large dc electrical current is well described by considering two components of current-induced effective fields, which may be related to the spin Hall effect and the Rashba effect. The directions of the effective fields are consistent with and their magnitudes are comparable to those reported previously for similar multilayer structures.
Software Engineering Expert System for Global Development (2006)

Software project control and software process improvement both depend on the ability to measure software development status. This paper introduces the software engineering expert system (SEES) tool where the software professional can gather metrics from CASE tool databases to reconstruct all activities in a software project from project initiation to project termination. SEES is Internet based and can be applied to help manage globally distributed projects
Visual obstacle detection for automatically guided vehicles (2002)

A stereo obstacle detection system has been developed for automatically guided vehicles that operate on flat (factory) floors. The system does not attempt to reconstruct the 3D environment visually but simply tries to detect obstacles on the floor in the vehicle's path. The approach to stereo image processing uses inverse perspective mappings to facilitate matching of the binocular field of vision against the expected 3D structure of the environment. Assuming a known relative camera model, a geometrical image transformation is computed which essentially compensates the stereo disparities for the image points of the floor. After the mapping operation the images are compared and local mismatches are interpreted as possible obstacle locations. The system has been successfully tested in a factory environment. The implementation runs on standard microprocessor hardware in real time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fuel management: Natural gas/fuel oil (1996)

Fuel accounts for 50--80% of all expenses at powerplants, hence managing its acquisition and efficient use represents the front line of defense in a competitive environment. More communication, cooperation among electric and gas/oil interests will help ensure these fuels get to where they are needed across the nation. This article discusses the management of natural gas and fuel oils from the wellhead to the end user. The topics of the article include issues besides price, maintaining fuel flexibility, domestic supplies, unconventional supplies, long-term liquid natural gas, transportation problems, combustion technologies, gas co-firing, full-scale conversion, reburning technology, and early reburn testing.
Genes involved in forebrain development in the zebrafish, <i>Danio rerio</i> (1996)

We identified four zebrafish mutants with defects in forebrain induction and patterning during embryogenesis. The four mutants define three genes: masterblind (mbl), silberblick (slb), and knollnase (kas). In mbl embryos, the anterior forebrain acquires posterior forebrain characteristics: anterior structures such as the eyes, olfactory placodes and the telencephalon are missing, whereas the epiphysis located in the posterior forebrain is expanded. In slb embryos, the extension of the embryonic axis is initially delayed and eventually followed by a partial fusion of the eyes. Finally, in kas embryos, separation of the telencephalic primordia is incomplete and dorsal midline cells fail to form a differentiated roof plate. Analysis of the mutant phenotypes indicates that we have identified genes essential for the specification of the anterior forebrain (mbl), positioning of the eyes (slb) and differentiation of the roof plate (kas). In an appendix to this study we list mutants showing alterations in the size of the eyes and abnormal differentiation of the lenses.
Molecular biology of rotaviruses. III. Isolation and characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of bovine rotavirus (1982)

Twenty-six temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of United Kingdom tissue culture-adapted bovine rotavirus were isolated and characterized. Fourteen of these mutants were determined to be ts both by efficiency of plating and by virus yield at the nonpermissive temperature of 39.5 degrees C as compared with that at the permissive temperature of 32 degrees C. The remaining mutants were only ts by the criterion of efficiency of plating. High-frequency recombination (gene reassortment) was observed when some pairs of mutants were crossed, and this allowed the classification of the mutants into five separate recombination groups. Groups III and V have prototype ts mutants (ts34 and ts115, respectively) that do not synthesize RNA or polypeptides at 39.5 degrees C. The other groups, I, II, and IV, have prototype mutants (ts17, ts7, and ts6, respectively) that synthesize both RNA and polypeptides at 39.5 degrees C, although ts17 does so only at a reduced level.
Gastrin induces c-<i>fos</i>gene transcription via multiple signaling pathways (1999)

We previously observed that the trophic actions of gastrin (G17) on the AR42J rat acinar cell line are mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-induced c-fos gene transcription via protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent and -independent pathways. In this study, we further investigated the signaling pathways that target c-fos in response to G17. G17 led to a sixfold induction in luciferase activity in cells transfected with plasmids containing the -356+109 sequence of the murine c-fos promoter, which includes the Sis-inducible element (SIE), serum response element (SRE), and the Ca2+/cAMP response element (CRE) regulatory elements. Addition of either the selective PKC inhibitor GF-109203X or the MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor PD-98059 resulted in an 80% reduction in luciferase activity. G17 induced the transcriptional activity of both Elk-1 and Sap-1a, transcription factors that bind to the E26 transformation specific (Ets) DNA sequence of the SRE, and this effect was inhibited by both GF-109203X and PD-98059. Point mutations in the Ets sequence led to a 4-fold induction of c-fos transcription stimulated by G17 and to a 1.3-fold induction in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF). In contrast, mutations in the CA rich G (CArG) sequence of the SRE prevented transcriptional activation by both G17 and EGF. G17 induction of the Ets mutant construct was unaffected by either GF-109203X or PD-98059. Because activation of the SRE involves the small GTP-binding protein Rho A, we examined the role of Rho A in G17 induction of c-fos transcription. Inactivation of Rho A by either the specific inhibitor C3 or by expression of a dominant negative Rho A gene inhibited G17 induction of both the wild-type and the Ets mutant constructs by 60%. C3 also inhibited G17-stimulated AR42J cell proliferation. Thus G17 targets the c-fos promoter CArG sequence via Rho A-dependent pathways, and Rho A appears to play an important role in the regulation of the trophic action of G17.
E-Cube: Multi-dimensional event sequence processing using concept and pattern hierarchies (2010)

Many modern applications including tag based mass transit systems, RFID-based supply chain management systems and online financial feeds require special purpose event stream processing technology to analyze vast amounts of sequential multi-dimensional data available in real-time data feeds. Traditional online analytical processing (OLAP) systems are not designed for real-time pattern-based operations, while Complex Event Processing (CEP) systems are designed for sequence detection and do not support OLAP operations. We will demonstrate a novel E-Cube model that combines CEP and OLAP techniques for multi-dimensional event pattern analysis at different abstraction levels. A London transit scenario will be given to demonstrate the utility and performance of this proposed technology.
Multistate outbreak of<i>Salmonella</i>serotype Typhimurium infections associated with consumption of restaurant tomatoes, USA, 2006: hypothesis generation through case exposures in multiple restaurant clusters (2012)

Multiple salmonellosis outbreaks have been linked to contaminated tomatoes. We investigated a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium infections among 190 cases. For hypothesis generation, review of patients' food histories from four restaurant-associated clusters in four states revealed that large tomatoes were the only common food consumed by patients. Two case-control studies were conducted to identify food exposures associated with infections. In a study conducted in nine states illness was significantly associated with eating raw, large, round tomatoes in a restaurant [matched odds ratio (mOR) 3·1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·3-7·3]. In a Minnesota study, illness was associated with tomatoes eaten at a restaurant (OR 6·3, mid-P 95% CI 1·05-50·4, P=0·046). State, local and federal regulatory officials traced the source of tomatoes to Ohio tomato fields, a growing area not previously identified in past tomato-associated outbreaks. Because tomatoes are commonly eaten raw, prevention of tomato contamination should include interventions on the farm, during packing, and at restaurants.
INTERVAL (1978)

INTERVAL William Cooke William Cooke Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar English: Journal of the English Association, Volume 27, Issue 127, Spring 1978, Page 25, https://doi.org/10.1093/english/27.127.25 Published: 01 March 1978
The ubiquitin-proteasome system and endocytosis. (1999)

International audience
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha-subunit gene (Pdgfra) is deleted in the mouse patch (Ph) mutation. (1991)

Platelet-derived growth factor receptors are composed of two subunits (alpha and beta) that associate with one another to form three functionally active dimeric receptor species. The two subunits are encoded by separate loci in humans and other species. In this study, we used conventional interspecific backcross mapping and an analysis of a deletional mutation to establish close linkage between the alpha-subunit gene (Pdgfra) and the dominant spotting (W) locus on mouse chromosome 5. Further, by analyzing the restriction fragment length polymorphisms in interspecific F1 hybrids, we were able to demonstrate that the closely associated patch (Ph) locus carries a deletion in Pdgfra. This observation was confirmed by both DNA and RNA analysis of 10.5-day fetuses produced from crosses between Ph heterozygotes. Out of 16 fetuses analyzed, Pdgfra genomic sequences were absent and no mRNA for the receptor was detected in 6 fetuses that were developmentally abnormal (the presumptive Ph homozygotes). We also determined that the deletion associated with the Ph mutation does not extend into the coding sequences of the adjacent Kit gene, by analysis of the genomic DNA from both the interspecific F1 hybrids and the presumptive Ph homozygotes. The absence of Pdgfra genomic sequences and the lack of detectable message associated with the Ph mutation should make this mutant a valuable asset for understanding the role of the receptor alpha subunit during mammalian development.
Infrared Absorption of Lanthanum, Scandium, and Indium Borate and the Force Constants of Borate Ion (1956)

The infrared absorption spectra of LaBO3, InBO3, and ScBO3 have been observed as crystalline powders in the wavelength range from 7 to 20 microns. The borates had a B10/B11 ratio varying from the natural abundance (18/82) up to about 96/4. The four fundamental frequencies for B10 fell within the ranges, ω1 = 939, ω2 = 740–790, ω3 = 1265–1330, ω4 = 606–675, all in cm—1. The totally symmetric frequency, ω1 is observed only in LaBO3, which has less than threefold site symmetry, unlike the other two salts. The GVF force constants have been calculated and are compared with those of BF3. A very strong specific coupling of the out-of-plane bending mode (ω2) is observed in LaBO3, but the fine structure is not well resolved, and only a rough estimate of the coupling constant and dipole derivative can be made.
Serum vascular endothelial growth factor‑C levels predict lymph node metastasis and prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer (2018)

Lymph node metastasis is the primary site of metastasis for patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC). Vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) has been implicated in the control of lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in various malignant tumors. However, the function of circulating VEGF-C is unclear and it is often difficult to evaluate lymph node metastasis and provide a prognosis for GBC. In the present study, ELISA was used to measure the preoperative serum VEGF-C (sVEGF-C) levels of 51 patients with GBC, 15 patients with chronic cholecystitis and 10 healthy volunteers. The results revealed a significantly increased sVEGF-C level in patients with GBC compared with the healthy donors, however no statistically significant difference was identified between patients with GBC and chronic cholecystitis. sVEGF-C levels were associated with lymph node metastasis in GBC and presented a positive correlation with VEGF-C expression and lymphatic vessel density (LVD) in patients with GBC. The mean survival time with high sVEGF-C was significantly reduced compared with low sVEGF-C. A similar result was also observed for VEGF-C expression and LVD. In summary, sVEGF-C levels may predict lymph node metastasis and the prognosis of patients with GBC.
Experimental Vaccines Against Potentially Pandemic and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses (2012)

Influenza A viruses continue to emerge and re-emerge, causing outbreaks, epidemics and occasionally pandemics. While the influenza vaccines licensed for public use are generally effective against seasonal influenza, issues arise with production, immunogenicity, and efficacy in the case of vaccines against pandemic and emerging influenza viruses, and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in particular. Thus, there is need of improved influenza vaccines and vaccination strategies. This review discusses advances in alternative influenza vaccines, touching briefly on licensed vaccines and vaccine antigens; then reviewing recombinant subunit vaccines, virus-like particle vaccines and DNA vaccines, with the main focus on virus-vectored vaccine approaches.
Lack of association between COPD and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFB1) genetic polymorphisms in Koreans. (2006)

These results differ from previous reports involving Caucasians, and might reflect racial differences in the pathogenesis of COPD.
Photoluminescent Diamond Nanoparticles for Cell Labeling: Study of the Uptake Mechanism in Mammalian Cells (2009)

Diamond nanoparticles (nanodiamonds) have been recently proposed as new labels for cellular imaging. For small nanodiamonds (size <40 nm), resonant laser scattering and Raman scattering cross sections are too small to allow single nanoparticle observation. Nanodiamonds can, however, be rendered photoluminescent with a perfect photostability at room temperature. Such a remarkable property allows easier single-particle tracking over long time scales. In this work, we use photoluminescent nanodiamonds of size <50 nm for intracellular labeling and investigate the mechanism of their uptake by living cells. By blocking selectively different uptake processes, we show that nanodiamonds enter cells mainly by endocytosis, and converging data indicate that it is clathrin-mediated. We also examine nanodiamond intracellular localization in endocytic vesicles using immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. We find a high degree of colocalization between vesicles and the biggest nanoparticles or aggregates, while the smallest particles appear free in the cytosol. Our results pave the way for the use of photoluminescent nanodiamonds in targeted intracellular labeling or biomolecule delivery.
Endoscopic Surgery Training: Application of an in Vitro Trainer and in Vivo Swine Model (1993)

The development of endoscopic surgical procedures is changing general surgery, with many operations such as cholecystectomy, appendectomy, and hernia repair being performed using laparoscopic surgical techniques. Training and credentialing of surgeons are key issues for the safe and ethical introduction of these new procedures. This article reviews techniques employed at our institution for laparoscopic surgical training and certification including didactic instruction, an in-vitro model for learning instrumentation and hand-eye coordination, and in-vivo training using the porcine animal model.
Design Methodology for Selection of Horizontal Open-Hole Sand Control Completions Supported by Field Case Histories (2000)

Abstract Reservoirs requiring sand control pose a major challenge for selection of a suitable completion method. Horizontal open-hole completions have been successfully utilised in such reservoirs to eliminate sand production, while maximising productivity/injectivity and well deliverability throughout the expected life of the completion and minimising risk and complexity. Although horizontal open hole sand control completions have been applied widely in the last decade, ranging from preperforated/slotted liners to gravel packs, and many case histories have been discussed in the literature, a systematic methodology for selecting these completion methods remains to be documented. It is the objective of this paper to propose such a design methodology by unifying the broad experience and understanding from a global and technically integrated perspective. The paper first discusses a generalised and unified methodology for determining when to install sand control, what to install for sand control and how to install sand control in horizontal open-hole completions. Specific factors recognised as affecting "when" are in-situ stresses and pore pressure decline (sand prediction), expected well life, production rate, hydrocarbon and well type, gross product value, sand tolerance capacity, environmental limitations and intervention capabilities, whilst the integration of all these factors have an impact on the overall risk analysis. In addition to many of the previous factors, critical drivers affecting "what" are identified as wellbore architecture, reservoir lithology and petrophysical properties, and sandface equipment reliability. Additional parameters impacting "how" are reservoir drilling fluid, displacement and cleanup methodology, screen type, operational implementation/assurance (risk management, operational timing and location logistics), torque and drag analysis, and gravel placement simulations. Secondly, examples of this methodology are presented in detailed case histories pertaining to different types of horizontal openhole sandface completions including slotted liners, standalone screens (including expandable) and gravel packs as well as various integrated cleanup methods, along with a summary of lessons learnt by each company.