gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-purity gold nanocrystal dimers: scalable synthesis and size-dependent plasmonic and Raman enhancement (2013)

We report a method for the solution synthesis of directly-fused dimers of gold nanocrystals, including both homo-dimers (two nanocrystals of the same size) and hetero-dimers (two nanocrystals of significantly different sizes) with high purity and high yield. The first key issue in this seeded solution synthesis was the tight integration of the “reduction” of the precursors to form tiny nanocrystals in solution and “random attachment” of these newly formed tiny nanocrystals onto the tips of existing nanocrystals. The second key issue was to decouple the “intra-particle ripening” from the “reduction” and “random attachment”. This new approach was found to be capable of yielding different types of dimers by judiciously tuning the time sequence of “reduction”, “random attachment”, and “intra-particle ripening” in one synthesis. UV-Vis absorption measurements unambiguously demonstrated a two-band feature for the resulting high-purity dimers, indicating strong plasmonic enhancement due to the formation of “hot spots” within the dimers. The two-band absorption spectra of the dimers were further found to be strongly size dependent and intra-particle distance dependent. Consistent with the observation of the formation of “hot spots” by absorption measurements, very strong and size-dependent surface-enhanced Raman scattering was observed for these high-purity, directly fused, and stable dimers of gold nanocrystals.
Touch screen mobile application as part of testing and verification system (2012)

In this paper it is presented one approach for creating testing environment of devices based on touch screens. Focused subject is testing of Android based devices, precisely required software to perform it. Android application has been developed that detects touches on screen, then packs them in formatted messages and sends them to central point where they are interpreted. Beside this paper proposes model of complete testing environment that would proved fast, inexpensive automated solution for verification of touch screen devices. Base for this paper is previous research done on stimulation boards that provide fast and controlled way of simulation touch events based on electric capabilities of capacitive touch screen. Implemented environment has been tested using commercial Android mobile phone to confirm software functionality and to analyze behavior of stimulation boards.
Agro-industrial lignocellulosic biomass a key to unlock the future bio-energy: A brief review (2014)

From the last several years, in serious consideration of the worldwide economic and environmental pollution issues there has been increasing research interest in the value of bio-sourced lignocellulosic biomass. Agro-industrial biomass comprised on lignocellulosic waste is an inexpensive, renewable, abundant and provides a unique natural resource for large-scale and cost-effective bio-energy collection. To expand the range of natural bio-resources the rapidly evolving tools of biotechnology can lower the conversion costs and also enhance target yield of the product of interest. In this background green biotechnology presents a promising approach to convert most of the solid agricultural wastes particularly lignocellulosic materials into liquid bio based energy-fuels. In fact, major advances have already been achieved to competitively position cellulosic ethanol with corn ethanol. The present summarized review work begins with an overview on the physico-chemical features and composition of agro-industrial biomass. The information is also given on the multi-step processing technologies of agro-industrial biomass to fuel ethanol followed by a brief summary of future considerations.
Progress toward low-cost titanium (1993)

Although titanium has impressive mechanical and corrosion properties, designers and engineers simply do not think of it as a cost-effective, viable alternative to aluminum and steel. Moreover, the history and use of titanium have been solidly wedded to the aerospace industry. This explains why titanium's price rises and falls cyclically with the demand for civilian and military aircraft. Although the titanium industry is temporarily depressed, developing prospects may offer reason for optimism: several non-aerospace industries are interested in using titanium. Unfortunately, the decision makers in these industries are more than cautious, remembering titanium's reputation for down today, up tomorrow seesaw prices. The US Army and Navy are two of the new and potentially large customers for titanium. Lessons from the recent conflict in Panama and the Gulf War have spurred interest in the development of lighter, more efficient, more maneuverable vehicles and artillery. Other promising nonmilitary, non-aerospace applications include suspension springs and engine parts for cars and trucks, marine and offshore oil-rig components that currently are made of stainless steels and nickel-base alloys, and piping and reactor parts for the pulp-and-paper and chemical processing industries. Existing markets, such as tubing for shell-and-tube heat exchangers, are expected to grow. For themore » future, the Bureau of Mines - in cooperation with the US Army Tank/Automotive Command, Warren, Michigan, and other government and industry organizations - is planning a comprehensive, five-year program on low-cost titanium that will consist of several projects that seek not only to further reduce costs, but to improve ballistic protection and other mechanical and wear properties.« less
Properties and localization of the homoglutathione synthetase from <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i> leaves (1988)

The synthesis of homoglutathione (hGSH) by several plants of the tribe Phaseoleae is shown to be catalysed by a β‐alanine‐specific hGSH synthetase, Properties of the enzyme from Phaseolus coccineus L. cv. Preisgewinner were studied, using ammonium sulfate precipitates of primary leaf extracts. The hGSH synthetase showed a broad pH optimum at pH 8–9, an absolute requirement for Mg 2+ , a stimulation by K + , and a high affinity for γ‐glutamylcysteine [K m (app.) 73 μ M ]. The enzyme exhibited a high specificity for β‐alanine [K m (app.) 1.34 m M ] compared to glycine [K m (app.) 98 m M ]. Chloroplasts, isolated from the leaves of Phaseolus coccineus , contained about 17% of the hGSH synthetase activity in the leaf cells.
Characterization of Amyloid β Peptides in Cerebrospinal Fluid by an Automated Immunoprecipitation Procedure Followed by Mass Spectrometry (2007)

Pathogenic events in Alzheimer's disease are believed to involve an imbalance between the production and clearance of the neurotoxic 42 amino acid form of the beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta1-42). Although much is known about the production of Abeta1-42, many questions remain about its degradation. Here, we describe an optimized automated immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry method that enables accurate and rapid monitoring of the major Abeta isoforms in cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, we describe a technique of antibody immobilization, minimizing background signals. The identities of these Abeta products were confirmed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and nanoflow liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry with a hybrid linear trap Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer. Finally, we report the finding of two novel Abeta peptides (Abeta2-17 and Abeta3-17).
ChemInform Abstract: STRUCTURAL INSTABILITY IN SR4MTAO8 WITH THE POTASSIUM NICKEL FLUORIDE (K2NIF4) STRUCTURE (M = IRON, COBALT) (1985)

Abstract Unter Lufteinwirkung wird eine lntensitätsabnahme und Verbreiterung der (hkD‐XRD‐ Reflexionen mit l a1: Ofestgestellt.
Structural characterization and artificial fiber formation of <i>Bombyx mori</i> silk fibroin in hexafluoro‐iso‐propanol solvent system (2003)

High-resolution solution (13)C-NMR and CD studies of Bombyx mori silk fibroin revealed the presence of an ordered secondary structure 3(10)-helix, in hexafluoro-iso-propanol (HFIP). The solid-state structure of the silk fibroin film prepared by drying it gently from the HFIP solution still keep the structure, 3(10)-helix, which was studied with high-resolution solid state (13)C-NMR. The structural transition from the 3(10)-helix to silk II structure, heterogeneous structure including antiparallel beta-sheet, occurred during the artificial spinning from the HFIP solution. The wide-angle x-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry thermograms of the artificial spinning fiber after postspinning treatments were observed together with the stress-strain curves. The results emphasize that the molecular structures, controlled morphology, and mechanical properties of the protein-based synthetic polymers can be modulated for enhancing biocompatibility.
High resolution face sequences from a PTZ network camera (2011)

We propose here to acquire high resolution sequences of a person's face using a pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) network camera. This capability should prove helpful in forensic analysis of video sequences as frames containing faces are tagged, and within a frame, windows containing faces can be retrieved. The system starts in pedestrian detector mode, where the lens angle is set widest, and detects people using a pedestrian detector module. The camera then changes to the region of interest (ROI) focusing mode where the parameters are automatically tuned to put the upper body of the detected person, where the face should appear, in the field of view (FOV). Then, in the face detection mode, the face is detected using a face detector module, and the system switches to an active tracking mode consisting a control loop to actively follow the detected face with two different modules: a tracker to track the face in the image, and a camera control module to adjust the camera parameters. During this loop, our tracker learns online the face appearance in multiple views under all condition changes. It runs robustly at 15 fps and is able to reacquire the face of interest after total occlusion or leaving FOV. We compare our tracker with various state-of-the-art tracking methods in terms of precision and running time performance. Extensive experiments in challenging indoor and outdoor conditions are also demonstrated to validate the complete system.
Low-Frequency Characterization of Switched dc-dc Converters (1973)

Averaging techniques are developed to represent buck, boost, and buck-boost types of switched dc-dc converters by approximate continuous models. Simple analytical expressions in terms of the circuit components are derived for the characteristic transient and frequency responses of time-average(continuous) power-stage models for use in designing and understanding the behavior of corresponding switched power stages. Novel conclusions include the dependence of effective circuit component values upon switch duty ratio and the existence of a real positive zero in certain transfer functions. Responses from analog computer simulations of the switched and averaged powerstages agree well and, in turn, confirm the analytic predictions. High-order systems can be analyzed by the averaging technique without a commensurate increase in complexity.
A Mechanical Device for the Rapid Sexing ofAedes aegyptiPupae1 (1961)

Journal Article A Mechanical Device for the Rapid Sexing of Aedes aegypti Pupae Get access Elmo M. Mccray, Jr. Elmo M. Mccray, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 54, Issue 4, 1 August 1961, Page 819, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/54.4.819 Published: 01 August 1961 Article history Accepted: 30 March 1961 Published: 01 August 1961
Identification and sequencing of two isopentenyladenosine-modified transfer RNAs from Chinese hamster ovary cells (1998)

To determine the presence and identity of isopentenyladenosine-containing transfer RNAs (tRNAs) in a mammalian cell line, we adopted a novel method to isolate, clone and sequence these RNAs. This method was based on 3' polyadenylation of the tRNA prior to cDNA synthesis, PCR amplification, cloning and DNA sequencing. Using this unique procedure, we report the cloning and sequencing of the selenocysteine-tRNA and mitochondrial tryptophan-tRNA from Chinese hamster ovary cells which contain this specific tRNA modification. This new method will be useful in the identification of other tRNAs and other small RNAs where the primary sequence is unknown.
Direct Wafer Bonding and Its Application to Waveguide Optical Isolators (2012)

This paper reviews the direct bonding technique focusing on the waveguide optical isolator application. A surface activated direct bonding technique is a powerful tool to realize a tight contact between dissimilar materials. This technique has the potential advantage that dissimilar materials are bonded at low temperature, which enables one to avoid the issue associated with the difference in thermal expansion. Using this technique, a magneto-optic garnet is successfully bonded on silicon, III-V compound semiconductors and LiNbO₃. As an application of this technique, waveguide optical isolators are investigated including an interferometric waveguide optical isolator and a semileaky waveguide optical isolator. The interferometric waveguide optical isolator that uses nonreciprocal phase shift is applicable to a variety of waveguide platforms. The low refractive index of buried oxide layer in a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide enhances the magneto-optic phase shift, which contributes to the size reduction of the isolator. A semileaky waveguide optical isolator has the advantage of large fabrication-tolerance as well as a wide operation wavelength range.
The Chemical Constituents and Biological Activity of Essential Oil of Lavandula stoechas ssp. stoechas (2002)

The composition of essential oil of the leaves of Lavandula stoechas ssp. stoechas, was analyzed by means of capillary GC-MS. The main components of L. stoechas ssp. stoechas oil were pulegone (40.4%), menthol (18.1%), menthone (12.6%). The essential oil of the plant was evaluated for antibacterial and a panel cytotoxic activities.
Differences in carbohydrate content of low density lipoproteins associated with low density lipoprotein subclass patterns (1990)

The neutral carbohydrate content of both the protein (apoB) and lipid fractions of low density lipoproteins (LDL) from subjects with a predominance of small, dense LDL (subclass pattern B) was found to be lower than in subjects with larger LDL (subclass pattern A): 45 +/- 12 versus 64 +/- 13 mg/g apoLDL, and 58 +/- 8 versus 71 +/- 8 mg/g apoLDL (P less than 0.0005 for both). Sialic acid content of LDL lipids, but not apoB, was also reduced in subclass pattern B. ApoB and glycolipid carbohydrate content of total LDL and LDL density subfractions declined with increasing LDL density and decreasing particle diameter. Moreover, in LDL subfractions from pattern B subjects, carbohydrate content of LDL apoB, but not LDL glycolipid, was significantly lower in comparison with particles of similar size from pattern A subjects. Thus, in LDL subclass pattern B, reductions in LDL carbohydrate content are associated both with reduced concentrations of larger carbohydrate-enriched LDL subclasses, and with reduced glycosylation of apoB in all LDL particles. LDL glycolipids may vary with overall lipid content of LDL particles, but variation in apoB glycosylation may indicate differences in pathways for LDL production, and reduced apoB glycosylation may reflect the altered metabolic state responsible for LDL subclass pattern B.
Support Vector Machines Used to Estimate the Battery State of Charge (2013)

The aim of this study is to estimate the state of charge (SOC) of a high-capacity lithium iron manganese phosphate (LiFeMnPO <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$_{4}$</tex></formula> ) battery cell from an experimental dataset using a support vector machine (SVM) approach. SVM is a type of learning machine based on statistical learning theory. Many applications require accurate measurement of battery SOC in order to give users an indication of available runtime. It is particularly important for electric vehicles or portable devices. In this paper, the proposed SOC estimator extracts model parameters from battery charging/discharging testing cycles, using cell current, cell voltage, and cell temperature as independent variables. Tests are carried out on a 60 Ah lithium-ion cell with the dynamic stress test cycle to set up the SVM model. The SVM SOC estimator maintains a high level of accuracy, better than 6% over all ranges of operation, whether the battery is charged/discharged at constant current or it is operating in a variable current profile.
BIOSYNTHESIS OF THYROGLOBULIN: RELATIONSHIP TO RNA-TEMPLATE AND PRECURSOR PROTEIN (1963)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Effect of Corrugation Angle on Heat Transfer Studies of Viscous Fluids in Corrugated Plate Heat Exchangers (2015)

In the present investigation heat transfer studies are conducted in corrugated plate heat exchangers (PHEs) having three different corrugation angles of 300, 400 and 500. The plate heat exchangers have a length of 30 cm and a width of 10 cm with a spacing of 5 mm. Water and 20% glycerol solution are taken as test fluids and hot fluid is considered as heating medium. The wall temperatures are measured along the length of exchanger at seven different locations by means of thermocouples. The inlet and outlet temperatures of test fluid and hot fluid are measured by means of four more thermocouples. The experiments are conducted at a flowrate ranging from 0.5 lpm to 6 lpm with the test fluid. Film heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number are determined from the experimental data. These values are compared with different corrugation angles. The effects of corrugation angles on heat transfer rates are discussed.
Site-directed Mutagenesis Study of the Ile140 in Conserved Hydrophobic Core of Bcl-xL (2012)

The hydrophobic core in Bcl-x(L) composed of Trp137, Ile140, Trp181, Ile182, Trp188 and Phe191 is highly conserved and essential for protein folding, protein stability and binding affinity with BH3-peptide. 9 mutants of Ile140 residue were constructed and characterized in order to get better understanding of the effect of the hydrophobic core. Binding assay demonstrated that binding affinities between 4 charged mutants and BH3-peptide were significantly weakened or lost, suggesting that the integrity of the hydrophobic core has close relationship with binding. The CD spectroscopy results indicated that disruption of the hydrophobic core may affect local conformation within the protein and result in intrinsic inactivity. Further chemical-induced protein folding results on these 4 mutants revealed that the conserved hydrophobic core is also important for the protein stability.
Cross product line analysis (2013)

Due to increase in market competition and merger and acquisition of companies, different software product lines (SPLs) may exist under the same roof. These SPLs may be developed applying different domain analysis processes, but are likely not disjoint. Cross product line analysis aims to examine the common and variable aspects of different SPLs for improving maintenance and future development of related SPLs. Currently different SPL artifacts, or more accurately feature models, are compared, matched, and merged for supporting scalability, increasing modularity and reuse, synchronizing feature model versions, and modeling multiple SPLs for software supply chains. However, in all these cases the focus is on creating valid merged models from the input feature models. Furthermore, the terminology used in all the input feature models is assumed to be the same, namely similar features are named the same. As a result these methods cannot be simply applied to feature models that represent different SPLs. In this work we offer adapting similarity metrics and text clustering techniques in order to enable cross product line analysis. This way analysis of feature models that use different terminologies in the same domain can be done in order to improve the management of the involved SPLs. Preliminary results reveal that the suggested method helps systematically analyze the commonality and variability between related SPLs, potentially suggesting improvements to existing SPLs and to the maintenance of sets of SPLs.
Mast cell chymase expression in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>‐associated gastritis (2003)

These observations suggest that mast cell chymase may be an important mediator in the inflammatory processes of human H. pylori-associated gastritis.
Bayesian sensor image fusion using local linear generative models (2001)

We present a probabilistic method for fusion of images pro- duced by multiple sensors. The approach is based on an image forma- tion model in which the sensor images are noisy, locally linear functions of an underlying true scene (latent variable). A Bayesian framework then provides for maximum-likelihood or maximum a posteriori estimates of the true scene from the sensor images. Least-squares estimates of the parameters of the image formation model involve (local) second-order image statistics, and are related to local principal-component analysis. We demonstrate the efficacy of the method on images from visible-band and infrared sensors. © 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. (DOI: 10.1117/1.1384886)
High efficiency CMOS rectifier circuits for UHF RFIDs using Vth cancellation techniques (2009)

Two types of CMOS rectifier circuits for UHF RFIDs have been proposed. Large power conversion efficiency (PCE) has been achieved by Vth cancellation techniques. In the Self-Vth-Cancellation (SVC) CMOS rectifier, the threshold voltage of MOSFETs is cancelled by gate bias voltage generated from the output voltage of the rectifier itself, resulting in excellent PCE. The differential-drive CMOS rectifier has a cross-coupled bridge configuration and is driven by a differential RF input. A differential-drive scheme realizes an active gate bias mechanism and simultaneously enables both low ON-resistance and small reverse leakage of diode-connected MOS transistors, resulting in large PCE, especially under small RF input power conditions. Test circuits for both types of rectifiers were fabricated and the measured performances were compared with those of conventional rectifiers.