gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Simple Method for the Synthesis of 1-Substituted β-Carboline Derivatives from Tryptamine and Carboxylic Acids in Polyphosphoric Acid (2005)

A number of 1-substituted 3,4-dihydro-9H-β-carboline derivatives (4) with high purity and yields have been synthesized by treating of tryptamine (1) with carboxylic acids (2) in polyphosphoric acid.3,4-Dihydro-9H-β-carbolines (4) were successfully transformed to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9H-β-carbolines (5) and 9H-β-carbolines (6).
Application of a Variable Valve Event and Timing System to Automotive Engines (2000)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes a new variable valve system that enables continuous control of valve events, i.e. time periods when the valve is open. In this system, valve events are controlled by varying the camshaft angular speed by means of an offset between the center of the camshaft and that of the medium member that transfers crankshaft torque to the camshaft. The medium member, a rotating disk, has a drive pin to enable the transfer of torque. The system has a mechanism that produces an offset between the center of the rotating disk and that of the camshaft as well as an actuator that drives the mechanism. This makes it possible to develop a compact system that can be installed in existing DOHC direct-acting valve train engines without making any major cylinder head modifications. Test results verified that valve events could be broadly controlled through the use of an electronically controlled hydraulic actuator, and that control could be achieved up to the low speed region with the use of engine oil pressure.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The system was applied to a 4-cylinder, 1.6L engine, and test results showed that torque improved from 10 to 15% and by 10% at maximum power. We also confirmed that both fuel economy and exhaust emissions at part-load were substantially improved when using the system.</div>
Inverse kinematics of a redundant manipulator for cam integration. An industrial perspective of implementation (2009)

Current CAM (computer aided manufacturing) platforms store the toolpath information as a set of positions and orientations of the milling tool in a cartesian coordinated system defined in the working space, being the most standardized both G code (DIN 66025) and APT code (DIN 66215). These platforms come prepared for the control and postprocessing of up to a maximum of 5-axis trajectories (i.e., three positioning coordinates and two orientation angles of the milling tool), which supposes no indecisions in conventional CNC machines. In the case of manipulating the milling tool by means of redundant workcells, a profuse kinematic analysis of the robotic system is required before any work is carried out. In this article, the inverse kinematics of a complex KUKA robotic system for milling works is described, consisting of one robotic manipulator (KUKA KR15/2 with 6 rotary joints) mounted on a linear axis and synchronized with a rotary table. Thus, the possible effective control to carry out trough the commercial controller KUKA KRC2 is also faced up, in order to analyze the postprocessing possibilities from NXtrade's CAM platform. As main contribution, after studying the capabilities of the set, a functional postprocessor is programmed inside the CAM, improving the communication between software and manipulator. It is easily applicable on any industrial robot by the same guidelines.
Differences in enzymic properties of five recombinant xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) proteins of Arabidopsis thaliana (2010)

Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTHs) are cell wall enzymes that are able to graft xyloglucan chains to oligosaccharides or to other available xyloglucan chains and/or to hydrolyse xyloglucan chains. As they are involved in the modification of the load-bearing cell-wall components, they are believed to be very important in the regulation of growth and development. Given the large number (33) of XTH genes in Arabidopsis and the overlapping expression patterns, specific enzymic properties may be expected. Five predominantly root-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana XTHs belonging to subgroup I/II were analysed here. These represent two sets of closely related genes: AtXTH12 and 13 on the one hand (trichoblast-enriched) and AtXTH17, 18, and 19 on the other (expressed in nearly all cell types in the root). They were all recombinantly produced in the yeast Pichia pastoris and partially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation before they were subsequently all subjected to a series of identical in vitro tests. The kinetic properties of purified AtXTH13 were investigated in greater detail to rule out interference with the assays by contaminating yeast proteins. All five proteins were found to exhibit only the endotransglucosylase (XET; EC 2.4.1.207) activity towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic (XEH; EC 3.2.1.151) activity. Their endotransglucosylase activity was preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and, in some cases, water-soluble cellulose acetate, rather than to mixed-linkage β-glucan. Isoforms differed in optimum pH (5.0-7.5), in temperature dependence and in acceptor substrate preferences.
Thickness-Shear and Flexural Vibrations of Crystal Plates (1951)

The theory of flexural motions of elastic plates, including the effects of rotatory inertia and shear, is extended to crystal plates. The equations are solved approximately for the case of rectangular plates excited by thickness-shear deformation parallel to one edge. Results of computations of resonant frequencies of rectangular, AT-cut, quartz plates are shown and compared with experimental data. Simple algebraic formulas are obtained relating frequency, dimensions, and crystal properties for resonances of special interest in design.
Production of a Novel Monoclonal Antibody to Porcine Adipocyte Plasma Membrane (1990)

The adipocyte plasma membrane is composed of specific intrinsic, integral, and extrinsic proteins. The study of adipocyte development, morphology, and metabolism has been limited by a lack of characterization of these proteins. It seems likely that the adipocyte plasma membrane possesses adipocyte-specific proteins which may be linked to the unique identity of adipose tissues. To study the composition of the adipocyte plasma membrane, we produced a panel of monoclonal antibodies to purified adipocyte plasma membranes. Nineteen anti-adipocyte hybridoma cell lines were identified using fluorescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblotting, and indirect immunofluorescence. A monoclonal antibody (designated LA-1) with reactivity toward a porcine adipocyte plasma membrane component was used for further adipocyte characterization. LA-1 reacted with a species-specific 64-kDa protein expressed in adipocyte plasma membranes but not in hepatocyte, erythrocyte, skeletal muscle, heart, spleen, kidney, stomach, small intestine, or large intestine plasma membranes. The LA-1 antibody provides a specific probe for this adipocyte surface protein marker.
Adjuvant oral chemotherapy to prevent recurrence after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (1996)

Adjuvant oral chemotherapy was studied in 67 patients with stage II hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent curative resection between May 1988 and December 1990. Patients were stratified into two groups according to preoperative liver dysfunction: 55 had stage I disease (mild dysfunction) and 12 had stage II (moderate dysfunction). A randomized controlled study of postoperative oral administration of 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil (HCFU) was conducted in each group. From October 1994 HCFU administration was suspended because of side-effects in nine patients with stage I liver dysfunction and in three with stage II dysfunction who had received the drug for more than 4 weeks. Cumulative survival and recurrence-free survival rates of patients with stage I disease in the treatment group were higher (P = 0.08 and P = 0.04 respectively) than those in the control group. However, in patients with stage II disease no significant difference was observed (P = 0.77 and P = 1.0 respectively). This study suggests that the potential benefits of HCFU on tumour recurrence should be weighed against the risk of adverse reactions in patients with mild liver dysfunction.
Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents, and Biological Activities of<i>Bixa orellana</i>L.: A Review (2014)

Bixa orellana L., popularly known as "urucum," has been used by indigenous communities in Brazil and other tropical countries for several biological applications, which indicates its potential use as an active ingredient in pharmaceutical products. The aim of this work was to report the main evidence found in the literature, concerning the ethnopharmacology, the biological activity, and the phytochemistry studies related to Bixa orellana L. Therefore, this work comprises a systematic review about the use of Bixa orellana in the American continent and analysis of the data collected. This study shows the well-characterized pharmacological actions that may be considered relevant for the future development of an innovative therapeutic agent.
Uptake of Liposomes Surface-Modified with Glycyrrhizin by Primary Cultured Rat Hepatocytes. (1994)

Previously, we synthesized 30-stearyl glycyrrhizin (GLOSt) and reported that small unilamellar liposomes containing GLOSt (GLOSt-SUV) accumulated in the liver several times more than the control liposomes (control-SUV). In the present study, to determine the interaction between GLOSt-SUV and hepatocytes, in vitro uptake experiments were achieved with primary cultured rat hepatocytes. The uptake amount of GLOSt-SUV by rat hepatocytes was considerably higher compared to the control-SUV, while GLOSt-SUV showed about a 10-fold higher uptake level than the control-SUV during 2 h of incubation. It was assumed that GLOSt-SUV not only bind to the surface of the hepatocytes but are internalized and degraded in the cells, because at 37 degrees C, GLOSt-SUV were taken up and the level of the degradable marker was lower than the inert marker, and this did not occur at 4 degrees C. Since the uptake of GLOSt-SUV was inhibited by glycyrrhizin (GL), it was suggested that a binding-site for GL is present on the surface of hepatocytes, and GLOSt-SUV are likely to be internalized via this site by the hepatocytes. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the efficacy of GLOSt on liposomes is not affected by the fluidity of the liposomal membrane.
Thermoreversible gelation of polymers and biopolymers (1992)

Part 1: gel formation thermal behaviour and phase diagrams. Part 2: gel morphology and molecular structure gelation mechanisms. Part 3: mechanical properties.
Bearing currents in converter operation (2010)

The basic inter-relationships, which are required to investigate the cross-system subject of “bearing currents in converter operation”, are discussed in this paper. In order to obtain an integrated overview of the situation, it is decisive that the main points of investigation that are discussed are combined and viewed holistically. Results from the parameter test area and their link with the overall situation are shown. A higher-level systematic to simulate electric currents flowing through a bearing is outlined, taking into account the various processes that take place in the bearing. The paper is completed by presenting a new type of bearing current sensor system. A review of the steps still required is provided in the conclusion.
Intraspecific variation in the <i>Populus balsamifera</i> drought transcriptome (2010)

Drought is a major limitation to the growth and productivity of trees in the ecologically and economically important genus Populus. The ability of Populus trees to contend with drought is a function of genome responsiveness to this environmental insult, involving reconfiguration of the transcriptome to appropriately remodel growth, development and metabolism. Here we test hypotheses aimed at examining the extent of intraspecific variation in the drought transcriptome using six different Populus balsamifera L. genotypes and Affymetrix GeneChip technology. Within a given genotype there was a positive correlation between the magnitude of water-deficit induced changes in transcript abundance across the transcriptome, and the capacity of that genotype to maintain growth following water deficit. Genotypes that had more similar drought-responsive transcriptomes also had fewer genotypic differences, as determined by microarray-derived single feature polymorphism (SFP) analysis, suggesting that responses may be conserved across individuals that share a greater degree of genotypic similarity. This work highlights the fact that a core species-level response can be defined; however, the underpinning genotype-derived complexities of the drought response in Populus must be taken into consideration when defining both species- and genus-level responses.
[Induction of cell damage and change of miR-133b expression by paraquat in PC12 cells]. (2011)

Paraquat may cause cell damage and induce apoptosis in PC12 cells, and induce miR-133b expression.
Structure of the enzyme-acyl carrier protein (ACP) substrate gatekeeper complex required for biotin synthesis (2012)

Although the pimeloyl moiety was long known to be a biotin precursor, the mechanism of assembly of this C7 α,ω-dicarboxylic acid was only recently elucidated. In Escherichia coli, pimelate is made by bypassing the strict specificity of the fatty acid synthetic pathway. BioC methylates the free carboxyl of a malonyl thioester, which replaces the usual acetyl thioester primer. This atypical primer is transformed to pimeloyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) methyl ester by two cycles of fatty acid synthesis. The question is, what stops this product from undergoing further elongation? Although BioH readily cleaves this product in vitro, the enzyme is nonspecific, which made assignment of its physiological substrate problematical, especially because another enzyme, BioF, could also perform this gatekeeping function. We report the 2.05-Å resolution cocrystal structure of a complex of BioH with pimeloyl-ACP methyl ester and use the structure to demonstrate that BioH is the gatekeeper and its physiological substrate is pimeloyl-ACP methyl ester.
Ataxia Telangiectasia-mutated Gene Product Inhibits DNA Damage-induced Apoptosis via Ceramide Synthase (1999)

DNA double-stranded breaks (dsb) activate surveillance systems that identify DNA damage and either initiate repair or signal cell death. Failure of cells to undergo appropriate death in response to DNA damage leads to misrepair, mutations, and neoplastic transformation. Pathways linking DNA dsb to reproductive or apoptotic death are virtually unknown. Here we report that metabolic incorporation of 125I-labeled 5-iodo-2'deoxyuridine, which produces DNA dsb, signaled de novo ceramide synthesis by post-translational activation of ceramide synthase (CS) and apoptosis. CS activation was obligatory, since fumonisin B1, a fungal pathogen that acts as a specific CS inhibitor, abrogated DNA damage-induced death. X-irradiation yielded similar results. Furthermore, inhibition of apoptosis using the peptide caspase inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp fluoromethylketone did not affect CS activation, indicating this event is not a consequence of induction of apoptosis. ATM, the gene mutated in ataxia telangiectasia, is a member of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase family that constitutes the DNA damage surveillance/repair system. Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B cell lines from six ataxia telangiectasia patients with different mutations exhibited radiation-induced CS activation, ceramide generation, and apoptosis, whereas three lines from normal patients failed to manifest these responses. Stable transfection of wild type ATM cDNA reversed these events, whereas antisense inactivation of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated gene product in normal B cells conferred the ataxia telangiectasia phenotype. We propose that one of the functions of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated gene product is to constrain activation of CS, thereby regulating DNA damage-induced apoptosis.
Molecular cloning and functional expression of Ca<sub>v</sub>3.1c, a T‐type calcium channel from human brain (2000)

Low voltage-activated T-type calcium channels are encoded by a family of at least three genes, with additional diversity created by alternative splicing. This study describes the cloning of the human brain alpha1G, which is a novel isoform, Ca(v)3.1c. Comparison of this sequence to genomic sequences deposited in the GenBank allowed us to identify the intron/exon boundaries of the human CACNA1G gene. A full-length cDNA was constructed, then used to generate a stably-transfected mammalian cell line. The resulting currents were analyzed for their voltage- and time-dependent properties. These properties identify this gene as encoding a T-type Ca(2+) channel.
Pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide is an intrinsic regulator of Treg abundance and protects against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (2009)

Pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a widely expressed neuropeptide originally discovered in the hypothalamus. It closely resembles vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a neuropeptide well known to inhibit macrophage activity, promote Th2-type responses, and enhance regulatory T cell (Treg) production. Recent studies have shown that administration of PACAP, like VIP, can attenuate dramatically the clinical and pathological features of murine models of autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and collagen-induced arthritis. However, specific roles (if any) of endogenous VIP and PACAP in the protection against autoimmune diseases have not been explored. Here, we subjected PACAP-deficient mice to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG(35-55))-induced EAE. MOG immunization of PACAP-deficient mice triggered heightened clinical and pathological manifestations of EAE compared to wild-type mice. The increased sensitivity was accompanied by enhanced mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNFalpha, IL-6, IFN-gamma, IL-12p35, IL-23p19, and IL-17), chemokines (MCP-1/CCL2, MIP-1alpha/CCL3, and RANTES/CCL5), and chemotactic factor receptors (CCR1, CCR2, and CCR5), but downregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-beta) in the spinal cord. Moreover, the abundance of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Tregs in lymph nodes and levels of FoxP3 mRNA in the spinal cord were also diminished. The reduction in Tregs was associated with increased proliferation and decreased TGF-beta secretion in lymph node cultures stimulated with MOG. These results demonstrate that endogenous PACAP provides protection in EAE and identify PACAP as an intrinsic regulator of Treg abundance after inflammation.
USING SENSORY TOOL HOLDER DATA FOR OPTIMIZING PRODUCTION PROCESSES (2019)

Today's highly automated manufacturing specifies the service time of a tool in a way that the tooling costs are balanced against the potential costs of a tool failure. However, the potential cost induced by a tool malfunctioning are rather high. Therefore, the current state-of-the art tackles this issue by replacing the tools prematurely at fixed intervals. To tap into the potential of under-utilized tool runtime this work purposes the use of sensory-tool holders and an interfering feedback loop to the machine tool control system. Besides its real-time closed loop control, to avoid tool failure, it also provides data in the context of (a) the work order, (b) the produced part, (c) the NC-block and command line, on (d) specific machines. Based on this data an ex-post analysis to optimize tool-life and productivity scenarios becomes possible, e.g. custom NC-programs for certain work-orders, configurations and machines. Furthermore, downstreamed work steps can be changed e.g. only to measure produced workpieces if abnormal vibrations are reported by in-process-monitoring.
Effects of vertical misalignment of superconducting coils in cyclotrons (2001)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jong-Won Kim; Effects of vertical misalignment of superconducting coils in cyclotrons. AIP Conf. Proc. 12 December 2001; 600 (1): 405–407. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1435289 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
How to Build Templates for RDF Question/Answering (2015)

A challenging task in the natural language question answering (Q/A for short) over RDF knowledge graph is how to bridge the gap between unstructured natural language questions (NLQ) and graph-structured RDF data (GOne of the effective tools is the "template", which is often used in many existing RDF Q/A systems. However, few of them study how to generate templates automatically. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose a join approach for template generation. Given a workload D of SPARQL queries and a set N of natural language questions, the goal is to find some pairs q, n, for q∈ D ∧ n ∈, N, where SPARQL query q is the best match for natural language question n. These pairs provide promising hints for automatic template generation. Due to the ambiguity of the natural languages, we model the problem above as an uncertain graph join task. We propose several structural and probability pruning techniques to speed up joining. Extensive experiments over real RDF Q/A benchmark datasets confirm both the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach.
Room temperature continuous-wave operation of InAsSb quantum-dot distributed feedback lasers (2005)

InAsSb self-assembled quantum-dot (QD) distributed feedback (DFB) lasers based on (001) InP substrate have been grown by metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy. A highly tensile-strained InGaAs was used as the barrier layer for InAsSb QDs. Single-mode emissions near 1.87μm have been demonstrated from narrow ridge waveguide DFB lasers in continuous-wave operation at temperatures up to 320K (47°C), with a characteristics temperature of 55K up to temperature of 310K.
Expression of Cysteine Protease Cathepsin L is Increased in Endometrial Cancer and Correlates With Expression of Growth Regulatory Genes (2012)

Proteases contribute to tumor invasion and metastasis by degrading basement membranes and extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we compared gene expression levels of two proteases, cysteine protease Cathepsin L2 (CTSL2) and matrix metalloproteinase MMP11, in human endometrium and endometrial cancer. Our data demonstrate CTSL2 transcript levels to be strongly elevated in endometrial cancer, particularly in G3 tumors. Furthermore, we observed a highly significant positive correlation of CTSL2 with expression of growth regulatory genes Ki-67, cyclin B1, MYBL2, p21/WAF, and HER2 receptor tyrosine kinase. Our data suggest that CTSL2 might be involved in progression of endometrial cancer.