gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast RobustSTL: Efficient and Robust Seasonal-Trend Decomposition for Time Series with Complex Patterns (2020)

Many real-world time series data exhibit complex patterns with trend, seasonality, outlier and noise. Robustly and accurately decomposing these components would greatly facilitate time series tasks including anomaly detection, forecasting and classification. RobustSTL is an effective seasonal-trend decomposition for time series data with complicated patterns. However, it cannot handle multiple seasonal components properly. Also it suffers from its high computational complexity, which limits its usage in practice. In this paper, we extend RobustSTL to handle multiple seasonality. To speed up the computation, we propose a special generalized ADMM algorithm to perform the decomposition efficiently. We rigorously prove that the proposed algorithm converges approximately as standard ADMM while reducing the complexity from O(N2) to O(N log N) for each iteration. We empirically study our proposed algorithm with other state-of-the-art seasonal-trend decomposition methods, including MSTL, STR, TBATS, on both synthetic and real-world datasets with single and multiple seasonality. The experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of our decomposition algorithm in terms of both effectiveness and efficiency.
The effect of apparatus, extraction time, and solvent type on lipid extractions of snow geese (1985)

Variability in apparatus, solvent type, and extraction time for lipid extractions is common in the literature. To investigate the effect of this methodological variability on the amount and type of material extracted, equal subsamples of snow goose (Chen caerulescens) homogenate were extracted in Soxhlet and Goldfisch fat extractors with petroleum ether, diethyl ether, chloroform–methanol, and a petroleum ether–chloroform–methanol mixture for 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. The type of solvent used had the largest effect on the amount of material that was extracted. Petroleum ether and diethyl ether extracted few nonlipids, but chloroform–methanol extracted relatively large amounts of nonlipids. We conclude that chloroform–methanol, when used in a Goldfisch or Soxhlet fat extractor, is an inappropriate solvent for studies dealing with body composition.
Tandem mass spectrometric study on fragmentation in fast atom bombardment mass spectra of prenylated flavonoids. (1989)

It was directly proved that the molecular ion M+ produced under FAB condition results in an EI-like fragmentation, and the protonated molecule (M+H)+ a CI-like fragmentation, by using a four-sector tandem mass spectrometer. The result was confirmed by comparing the B2/E2 linked scan FAB (B2/E2 tandem FAB) mass spectra of three prenylated flavonoids with the corresponding B/E linked scan EI (B/E-EI) and B/E-CI mass spectra.
Relationship between gene expression and observed intensities in DNA microarrays--a modeling study (2006)

A theoretical study of the physical properties which determine the variation in signal strength from probe to probe on a microarray is presented. A model which incorporates probe-target hybridization, as well as the subsequent dissociation which occurs during stringent washing of the microarray, is introduced and shown to reasonably describe publicly available spike-in experiments carried out at Affymetrix. In particular, this model suggests that probe-target dissociation during the stringent wash plays a critical role in determining the observed hybridization intensities. In addition, it is demonstrated that non-specific hybridization introduces uncertainties which significantly limit the ability of any model to accurately quantify absolute gene expression levels while, in contrast, target folding appears to have little effect on these results. Finally, for data from target spike-in experiments, our model is shown to compare favorably with an existing statistical model in determining target concentration levels.
A Study on Evaluation of Circularity and Related Features for Eccentric Cam Shaft (2nd Report) (1993)

This paper presents the technique to get circularity, eccetricity and its orientation of eccentric cam shaft by applying the iterative least-square method to measured data. At first, it is shown that the off-set error of probe is computed from data measured under the condition of eccentricity e≥1.5mm by means of the new technique. Although the circularity grows worse by the off-set error of probe, this circularity is corrected by using the technique to compensate the off-set error. On the other hand, it is made clear that the eccentricity and its orientation are precisely obtained by the iterative least-square method.
Oxaloacetate enhances neuronal cell bioenergetic fluxes and infrastructure (2016)

We tested how the addition of oxaloacetate (OAA) to SH-SY5Y cells affected bioenergetic fluxes and infrastructure, and compared the effects of OAA to malate, pyruvate, and glucose deprivation. OAA displayed pro-glycolysis and pro-respiration effects. OAA pro-glycolysis effects were not a consequence of decarboxylation to pyruvate because unlike OAA, pyruvate lowered the glycolysis flux. Malate did not alter glycolysis flux and reduced mitochondrial respiration. Glucose deprivation essentially eliminated glycolysis and increased mitochondrial respiration. OAA increased, while malate decreased, the cell NAD+/NADH ratio. Cytosolic malate dehydrogenase 1 protein increased with OAA treatment, but not with malate or glucose deprivation. Glucose deprivation increased protein levels of ATP citrate lyase, an enzyme which produces cytosolic OAA, whereas OAA altered neither ATP citrate lyase mRNA nor protein levels. OAA, but not glucose deprivation, increased cytochrome oxidase subunit 2, PGC1α, PGC1β, and PGC1 related co-activator protein levels. OAA increased total and phosphorylated SIRT1 protein. We conclude that adding OAA to SH-SY5Y cells can support or enhance both glycolysis and respiration fluxes. These effects appear to depend, at least partly, on OAA causing a shift in the cell redox balance to a more oxidized state, that it is not a glycolysis pathway intermediate, and possibly its ability to act in an anaplerotic fashion. We examined how oxaloacetate (OAA) affects bioenergetic fluxes. To advance the understanding of how OAA mediates these changes, we compared the effects of OAA to malate, pyruvate, and glucose deprivation. We further examined how OAA affects levels of enzymes that facilitate its cytosolic metabolism, and found OAA increased the expression of malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1-cytosolic). We propose the following: OAA supports both glycolysis and respiration fluxes, shifts the cell redox balance toward a more oxidized state, and acts in an anaplerotic fashion. Abbreviations not defined in the text: MDH2, malate dehydrogenase 2 (mitochondrial).
Functionalized Silk Materials (2010)

Abstract : The significance of the project is that a new family of functional materials and coatings derived from the silk systems will be generated, with the silk component serving as the organizing moiety and the functional domains added to the silk providing enhanced properties for the materials--thus, light weight materials, electronic properties and related features are anticipated through the precise control of functional domains within and on the silk well-defined material templates. As examples, light weight strong porous matrices formed from silks and silk composites, by exploitation of silk gelation features will be pursued. A next generation set of robust materials for a range of functional applications of potential relevance to Air Force needs is envisioned with the technology under study.
Polymerization of bismaleimide and maleimide catalyzed by nanocrystalline titania (1999)

Polymerization of 4,4′-bismaleimidediphenyl methane and N-phenylmaleimide was conducted in dimethyl formamide, catalyzed by nanocrystalline titania. The monomers and polymers involved were characterized with infrared spectroscopy, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR, respectively. The mechanism of the catalyzed polymerization was discussed as well. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 665–669, 1999
Platelets: New Understanding of Platelet Glycoproteins and Their Role in Disease (2000)

This review covers new developments and their clinical implications in three areas: platelet antigen polymorphisms, inhibition of platelet glycoprotein IIb-IIIa, and autoimmune thrombocytopenia (ITP). In Section I, Dr. Kunicki reviews platelet polymorphisms and their clinical implications. A current tabulation of the numerous platelet antigens, both those that are platelet specific and not platelet specific, are summarized. The immunogenic clinical implications of these polymorphisms are considered, including fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, post transfusion purpura, and refractoriness to platelet transfusion. The functional relationship to hemostasis and thrombosis is also discussed, in particular whether one haplotype of the PIA1/PIA2 (HPA-1a/1b) polymorphism predisposes to myocardial infarction. Finally, novel investigations of polymorphisms will be considered, including hormonal induction of certain polymorphisms. In Section II, Dr. Michelson reviews the newest generation of platelet inhibitors, those blocking glycoprotein IIB/IIIA, from the point of view of the hematologist who might be consulted about a patient receiving this form of treatment. The current use of available IIb-IIIa inhibitors and those in trial and the accepted and possible future indications for their use are addressed. The mechanism of action and actual and theoretical advantages and disadvantages of each inhibitor are explored. Scenarios that prompt consultation with a hematologist are presented, including management of bleeding, thrombocytopenia, and management of the patient requiring emergency surgery. In Section III, Dr. Bussel reviews controversies in ITP, looking at both the current state of the art and the potential for the future. Case presentations are used to illustrate the issues in both children and adults. Three primary areas are addressed: 1) the diagnosis of ITP, 2) when and for which patient to recommend splenectomy, and 3) the management of the refractory splenectomized patient who still has a low platelet count and bleeding symptoms.
Hierarchical Feature Based Block Motion Estimation for Ultrasound Image Sequences (2006)

This paper presents a method for feature based block motion estimation that uses multi -resolution image sequences to obtain the panoramic images in the continuous ultrasound image sequences. In the conventional block motion estimation method, the centers of motion estimation blocks are set at the predetermined and equally spaced locations. This requires the large blocks to include at least one feature, which inevitably requires long estimation time. In this paper, we propose an adaptive method which locates the center of the motion estimation blocks at the feature points. This make it possible to reduce the block size while keeping the motion estimation accuracy The Harris-Stephen corner detector is used to get the feature points. The comer points tend to group together, which cause the error in the global motion estimation. In order to distribute the feature points as evenly as Possible, the image is firstly divided into regular subregions, and a strongest corner point is selected as a feature in each subregion. The ultrasound Images contain speckle patterns and noise. In order to reduce the noise artifact and reduce the computational time, the proposed method use the multi-resolution image sequences. The first algorithm estimates the motion in the smoothed low resolution image, and the estimated motion is prolongated to the next higher resolution image. By this way the size of search region can be reduced in the higher resolution image. Experiments were performed on three types of ultrasound image sequences. These were shown that the proposed method reduces both the computational time (from 77ms to 44ms) and the displaced frame difference (from 66.02 to 58.08).
The clinically approved drugs amiodarone, dronedarone and verapamil inhibit filovirus cell entry (2014)

The ion channel blockers amiodarone, dronedarone and verapamil inhibit filoviral cell entry.
Regulation of the tyrosine kinase-dependent adhesion pathway in human lymphocytes through CD45 (1993)

Cell-cell adhesive interactions involve numerous receptor/ligand interactions that play a crucial role in the development of immune function. Engagement of multiple cell-surface molecules on B lymphocytes generates intracellular signals through a tyrosine kinase-dependent pathway that activates cell-surface adhesion receptors and thereby induces homotypic cell-cell adhesion. Homotypic adhesion is mediated in part through LFA-1/ICAM-1 and other heretofore unknown adhesion receptors. In this study, evidence of a regulatory role for CD45 in the induction of homotypic adhesion is suggested. A new mAb (HAB-1) was developed that inhibits homotypic adhesion in B cell lines induced through MHC class I and class II, CD19, CD20, CD21, CD40, and Leu-13 cell-surface molecules. Although binding of this mAb strongly inhibited cell-surface Ag-induced homotypic adhesion at mAb concentrations as low as 0.1 microgram/ml, it exhibited no effect on homotypic adhesion induced by phorbol esters. Binding of the HAB-1 mAb to lymphocytes altered the pattern of cellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation, but did not have a global inhibitory effect on cell activation because it did not have major effects on the growth of mitogen-activated lymphocytes. Immunoprecipitation studies revealed that the HAB-1 mAb identified an epitope present on all isoforms of CD45. The HAB-1 mAb may identify a unique epitope of CD45 because this mAb had a unique staining pattern when assessed by indirect immunofluorescence staining. The HAB-1 mAb was similar to some other CD45 mAb that have the capacity to amplify CD2-induced proliferation of blood lymphocytes. However, only 1 of 12 other anti-CD45 mAb tested had a similar inhibitory effect on adhesion. Homotypic adhesion of lymphocytes may therefore be governed by a regulatory system of cell-surface molecules that generate positive and negative signals that either trigger adhesion or, like CD45, directly down-regulate adhesion. This highlights the significance of adhesive events that result from surface molecules being engaged by their natural ligands during lymphocyte activation.
Immunoelectron microscopic localization of neural cell adhesion molecules (L1, N-CAM, and MAG) and their shared carbohydrate epitope and myelin basic protein in developing sciatic nerve. (1986)

The cellular and subcellular localization of the neural cell adhesion molecules L1, N-CAM, and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), their shared carbohydrate epitope L2/HNK-1, and the myelin basic protein (MBP) were studied by pre- and post-embedding immunoelectron microscopic labeling procedures in developing mouse sciatic nerve. L1 and N-CAM showed a similar staining pattern. Both were localized on small, non-myelinated, fasciculating axons and axons ensheathed by non-myelinating Schwann cells. Schwann cells were also positive for L1 and N-CAM in their non-myelinating state and at the onset of myelination, when the Schwann cell processes had turned approximately 1.5 loops. Thereafter, neither axon nor Schwann cell could be detected to express the L1 antigen, whereas N-CAM was found in the periaxonal area and, more weakly, in compact myelin of myelinated fibers. Compact myelin, Schmidt-Lanterman incisures, paranodal loops, and finger-like processes of Schwann cells at nodes of Ranvier were L1-negative. At the nodes of Ranvier, the axolemma was also always L1- and N-CAM-negative. The L2/HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope coincided in its cellular and subcellular localization most closely to that observed for L1. MAG appeared on Schwann cells at the time L1 expression ceased. MAG was then expressed at sites of axon-myelinating Schwann cell apposition and non-compacted loops of developing myelin. When compaction of myelin occurred, MAG remained present only at the axon-Schwann cell interface; Schmidt-Lanterman incisures, inner and outer mesaxons, and paranodal loops, but not at finger-like processes of Schwann cells at nodes of Ranvier or compacted myelin. All three adhesion molecules and the L2/HNK-1 epitope could be detected in a non-uniform staining pattern in basement membrane of Schwann cells and collagen fibrils of the endoneurium. MBP was detectable in compacted myelin, but not in Schmidt-Lanterman incisures, inner and outer mesaxon, paranodal loops, and finger-like processes at nodes of Ranvier, nor in the periaxonal regions of myelinated fibers, thus showing a complementary distribution to MAG. These studies show that axon-Schwann cell interactions are characterized by the sequential appearance of cell adhesion molecules and MBP apparently coordinated in time and space. From this sequence it may be deduced that L1 and N-CAM are involved in fasciculation, initial axon-Schwann cell interaction, and onset of myelination, with MAG to follow and MBP to appear only in compacted myelin. In contrast to L1, N-CAM may be further involved in the maintenance of compact myelin and axon-myelin apposition of larger diameter axons.
The Physical Oceanography of Two Rings Observed by the Cyclonic Ring Experiment. Part II: Dynamics (1980)

Data from the 1977 Cyclonic Ring Experiment is used to examine the, density, velocity, vorticity and energy distributions in a Gulf Stream cyclonic ring. A time series on ring BOB provides information on the temporal changes in these parameters. The rings are shown to have an interior in near-solid-body rotation surrounded by a frontal jet exhibiting a maximum in potential vorticity. There is evidence that the baroclinic structure of the rings extends to the bottom and that there is significant energy in vertical modes higher than the first baroclinic mode. Calculations of available potential energy (APE) and kinetic energy are presented along with the time rates of change in the APE. The APE is partitioned into the energy in the mean ring and a set of perturbations about the mean. The temporal variations in the perturbation APE are large enough to be important to the adjustment and decay of mean APE in the ring. Ring spindown is discussed in terms of the observations and several ring models proposed by other authors. Finally, new initial conditions for numerical ring models are suggested.
Binding of Fc fragments of IgG from human and seven animal species to Mycoplasma salivarium cells. (1993)

Mycoplasma salivarium cells were demonstrated to bind human IgG Fc fragments. The binding capacity was 78.8% enhanced by incubation of the cell suspension in PBS with 0.25% trypsin at 37 degrees C for 1 h, but tended to fall after incubation with higher concentrations of the enzyme, and was 95.5% lower after incubation of the suspension without trypsin. Fc fragments of IgG from rat, swine, sheep, rabbit, goat, cow and mouse also bound to the organism cells with increasing affinity in this order. The affinity of human IgG Fc fragments was almost comparable with those of sheep and rabbit. Antigen specific IgG from goat (specific for gamma-chain of human IgG, and mu-chain of human IgM) and rabbit (specific for whole molecules of goat IgG) bound to the cells. Binding of goat IgG Fc fragment was inhibited in the presence of antigen specific goat IgG (specific for gamma-chain of human IgG). These results suggest that M. salivarium cells bind IgG from a variety of animal species via the Fc fragment.
Expression of bovine leukemia virus<i>ENV</i>glycoprotein in insect cells by recombinant baculovirus (1998)

The gp51-p30 glycoprotein constituting BLV envelope was expressed in Sf-21 insect cells by means of recombinant baculoviruses. Post-infection cell lysates were analyzed, in order to define the immunologic reactivity of recombinant products. Oligosaccharide chains, containing N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, galactose and sialic acid were found on recombinant gp51-p30. In order to investigate the timing of transcription and translation of the glycoprotein, kinetic assays were carried out on cell lysates and directly in situ on Sf-21 cells during the course of baculovirus infection. The use of different solubilizing reagents was also evaluated in order to rescue recombinant glycoprotein from its subcellular location.
Spatio-temporal sensor data management for context-aware services (2006)

How various kinds of sensor devices are handled, and how numerous lower-level sensor data are managed and integrated into higher-level context representations are important issues to realize context-aware services. We have been developing Sensor-Event-Driven Service Coordination Middleware (SENSORD) to fill coordination gaps between higher-level services and lower-level sensors. The SENSORD system obtains and stores sensor data into an in-memory data container to achieve fast, complex analysis of the sensed data. The facility of real-time analysis, which includes periodical evaluations of spatio-temporal conditions, enables application developers to outsource context-aware mechanisms. As described in this paper, we first examine middleware of context-aware services and our approaches. We then show the outline of SENSORD and an exemplary application: an indoor emergency response system in our laboratories. Preparing for emergency situations, such as fire emergencies, it manages sensor devices (thermometers, hygrometers, vision systems, microphone arrays, etc.) to detect emergent situations.
Efficient memory virtualization for Cross-ISA system mode emulation (2014)

Cross-ISA system-mode emulation has many important applications. For example, Cross-ISA system-mode emulation helps computer architects and OS developers trace and debug kernel execution-flow efficiently by emulating a slower platform (such as ARM) on a more powerful plat-form (such as an x86 machine). Cross-ISA system-mode emulation also enables workload consolidation in data centers with platforms of different instruction-set architectures (ISAs). However, system-mode emulation is much slower. One major overhead in system-mode emulation is the multi-level memory address translation that maps guest virtual address to host physical address. Shadow page tables (SPT) have been used to reduce such overheads, but primarily for same-ISA virtualization. In this paper we propose a novel approach called embedded shadow page tables (ESPT). EPST embeds a shadow page table into the address space of a cross-ISA dynamic binary translation (DBT) and uses hardware memory management unit in the CPU to translate memory addresses, instead of software translation in a current DBT emulator like QEMU. We also use the larger address space on modern 64-bit CPUs to accommodate our DBT emulator so that it will not interfere with the guest operating system. We incorporate our new scheme into QEMU, a popular, retargetable cross-ISA system emulator. SPEC CINT2006 benchmark results indicate that our technique achieves an average speedup of 1.51 times in system mode when emulating ARM on x86, and a 1.59 times speedup for emulating IA32 on x86_64.
CD5-negative mantle cell lymphoma of the breast (2017)

![Figure][1] 

A 30-year-old woman presented with a breast mass, and a biopsy was performed. Flow cytometry detected a predominant monotypic B-cell population positive for CD20, CD19, and kappa while negative for CD5, CD10, and CD23 (panels A and B). Histopathology revealed a nodular and