gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased amounts of cholesterol precursors in lipoproteins after ileal exclusion (1988)

Serum cholesterol precursor sterols reflect the activity of cholesterol synthesis. In this study, squalene, methyl sterol and lathosterol contents were studied in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia patients without and with ileal bypass. The contents of lathosterol and all methyl sterols (lanosterol, delta 8,24-dimethylsterol, delta 8-dimethylsterol, delta 8-methostenol and methostenol), but not of squalene were increased in all lipoproteins by ileal bypass. The increase in the free methyl sterols was more marked than that in the esterified ones. The percentage esterification of the methyl sterols was highest in HDL and lowest in VLDL. Lipoprotein methyl sterol contents were positively correlated with each other and with cholesterol synthesis. The methyl sterols were slightly concentrated in LDL, and squalene strongly concentrated in VLDL. It is concluded that long-term stimulation of cholesterol synthesis increases the methyl sterols in all lipoproteins.
Viral hepatitis-related acute liver failure (2003)

Viral hepatitis has previously been the major cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in the United States. We aimed to determine the incidence of viral hepatitis-related ALF and to compare the outcome and clinical and biochemical variables in patients with hepatitis A and B.A total of 354 patients with ALF from multiple centers were screened for possible acute viral etiology.Forty-three patients (12.1% of all ALF cases) had acute viral hepatitis: hepatitis A (n = 16), hepatitis B (n = 26), and herpes simplex virus infection (n = 1). There was no difference between groups with regard to age, gender, body mass index, admission or peak coma grade, symptom duration, admission mean arterial pressure, temperature, or biochemical liver tests, creatinine, arterial pH, or rate of infections. Platelet count was significantly higher in hepatitis A patients than in hepatitis B patients. The transplantation-free (spontaneous) survival rate was significantly higher for hepatitis A patients (69%) than for hepatitis B patients (19%, p = 0.007), whereas the liver transplantation rate was higher in hepatitis B patients (62%) than in hepatitis A patients (19%, p = 0.017). Spontaneous survivors had significantly higher mean arterial pressure, higher platelet count, and lower AST/ALT ratio than patients who did not survive spontaneously.Viral hepatitis now comprises only one-eighth of all ALF cases in the United States. The marked difference in spontaneous survival between hepatitis A and B cannot be explained by the severity of hepatic dysfunction on admission but may rather be an inherent feature of the infections or a bias toward transplanting patients with hepatitis B.
The Virtual Brain Integrates Computational Modeling and Multimodal Neuroimaging (2013)

Brain function is thought to emerge from the interactions among neuronal populations. Apart from traditional efforts to reproduce brain dynamics from the micro- to macroscopic scales, complementary approaches develop phenomenological models of lower complexity. Such macroscopic models typically generate only a few selected-ideally functionally relevant-aspects of the brain dynamics. Importantly, they often allow an understanding of the underlying mechanisms beyond computational reproduction. Adding detail to these models will widen their ability to reproduce a broader range of dynamic features of the brain. For instance, such models allow for the exploration of consequences of focal and distributed pathological changes in the system, enabling us to identify and develop approaches to counteract those unfavorable processes. Toward this end, The Virtual Brain (TVB) ( www.thevirtualbrain.org ), a neuroinformatics platform with a brain simulator that incorporates a range of neuronal models and dynamics at its core, has been developed. This integrated framework allows the model-based simulation, analysis, and inference of neurophysiological mechanisms over several brain scales that underlie the generation of macroscopic neuroimaging signals. In this article, we describe how TVB works, and we present the first proof of concept.
A First Evaluation of the Natural High Molecular Weight Polymeric Lumbricus terrestris Hemoglobin as an Oxygen Carrier (1997)

Lumbricus terrestris hemoglobin (LtHb), an unusually stable Hb (MW approximately 4x10(6) Da) with respect to dissociation and oxidation, circulates extracellularly in the earthworm and at neutral pH exhibits oxygen affinity and cooperativity similar to that of human HbA. Results suggest that LtHb may serve as a model for a high molecular weight extracellular oxygen carrier. Mice and a rat model partially exchanged with LtHb showed no apparent behavioral and physical changes. 31P NMR spectroscopy of perfused guinea pig hearts, used to assess phosphocreatine levels as an indication of the ability of LtHb to serve as an oxygen carrier to the heart, demonstrated that LtHb provides oxygen to the tissue and maintains the energy metabolism significantly better than the control non-Hb perfusion media. One day after infusion, video enhanced microscopy imaging of the mice cremaster muscle vasculature reveals temporal adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelial walls with temporal infiltration of leukocytes to the surrounding tissue, correlated with dosage. Exchanged mice rechallenged with LtHb show no overt allergic response or death. Further evaluation of this natural extracellular Hb as a potential polymeric Hb blood substitute/perfusion agent is warranted.
Optical Transmission in Disordered Media (1987)

The scale dependence of transmission in wedged random media containing titania microstructures is measured. The diffusion coefficient and absorption length are determined from the total transmission versus thickness. These parameters are observed to determine the scale dependence of the correlation frequency of fluctuations in intensity within the transmitted speckle pattern as the laser frequency is scanned. Mean free paths as short as 1.4 and 0.35 \ensuremath{\mu}m are observed.
SmartShuttle: Optimizing off-chip memory accesses for deep learning accelerators (2018)

Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) accelerators are rapidly growing in popularity as a promising solution for deep learning based applications. Though optimizations on computation have been intensively studied, the energy efficiency of such accelerators remains limited by off-chip memory accesses since their energy cost is magnitudes higher than other operations. Minimizing off-chip memory access volume, therefore, is the key to further improving energy efficiency. However, we observed that sticking to minimizing the accesses of one data type as many prior work did cannot fit the varying shapes of convolutional layers in CNNs. Hence, there exists a dilemma of minimizing the accesses of which data type. To overcome the problem, this paper proposed an adaptive layer partitioning and scheduling scheme, called SmartShuttle, to minimize off-chip memory accesses for CNN accelerators. Smartshuttle can adaptively switch among different data reuse schemes and the corresponding tiling factor settings to dynamically match different convolutional layers. Moreover, SmartShuttle thoroughly investigates the impact of data reusability and sparsity on the memory access volume. The experimental results show that SmartShuttle processes the convolutional layers at 434.8 multiply and accumulations (MACs)/DRAM access for VGG16 (batch size = 3), and 526.3 MACs/DRAM access for AlexNet (batch size = 4), which outperforms the state-of-the-art approach (Eyeriss) by 52.2% and 52.6%, respectively.
Crystallization and preliminary diffraction analysis of the CAL PDZ domain in complex with a selective peptide inhibitor (2011)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with loss-of-function mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), which regulates epithelial fluid and ion homeostasis. The CFTR cytoplasmic C-terminus interacts with a number of PDZ (PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1) proteins that modulate its intracellular trafficking and chloride-channel activity. Among these, the CFTR-associated ligand (CAL) has a negative effect on apical-membrane expression levels of the most common disease-associated mutant ΔF508-CFTR, making CAL a candidate target for the treatment of CF. A selective peptide inhibitor of the CAL PDZ domain (iCAL36) has recently been developed and shown to stabilize apical expression of ΔF508-CFTR, enhancing net chloride-channel activity, both alone and in combination with the folding corrector corr-4a. As a basis for structural studies of the CAL-iCAL36 interaction, a purification protocol has been developed that increases the oligomeric homogeneity of the protein. Here, the cocrystallization of the complex in space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 35.9, b = 47.7, c = 97.3 Å, is reported. The crystals diffracted to 1.4 Å resolution. Based on the calculated Matthews coefficient (1.96 Å(3) Da(-1)), it appears that the asymmetric unit contains two complexes.
Governing millions meters data (2015)

With the deployment of advance metering infrastructure (AMI) worldwide, millions meter data are inflowing to the meter data management system (MDMS). The large and ever-continuing AMI data challenge the MDMS as an online system to simultaneously import AMI meter data to the system as well as distribute meter information to various utility applications. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a multi-threaded AMI data pre-storing VEE (validation, estimation, and editing) approach and an event-based infrastructure to efficiently import and distribute meter information. The effectiveness of the solution is validated against scenarios extracted from practical utility applications.
Fluorescent tracer additives as a nondestructive inspection technique for leak testing (1993)

Fluorescent tracers used for leak testing procedures are by no means a new idea - they've been around the last four decades or so. Current, pending, or proposed regulations from the Environmental Protection Agency and state and local governments address leaks and emissions. This development, as well as increasing customer demand for leak-free environmentally friendly' products, is giving inspection and service groups a reason to take another look at these back to basic' tools. While CFC leak detection involving fluorescent dyes has perhaps received the most notoriety due to the ozone depletion and CFC phase-out issue - it is by no means the only application getting renewed attention. Fluorescent tracers compatible with hydraulic oil are now used by fluid power manufacturers as an aid to visual inspection quality assurance procedures. Several other uses are also given.
Response of excluder, indicator, and hyperaccumulator plants to nickel availability in soils (2004)

Availability is a key property for the assessment of soil-to-plant transfer of heavy metals. This work was conducted to determine whether the available pool of Ni differs according to the ability of plants to take up and accumulate the metal. An excluder plant species (Triticum aestivum L.), an indicator (Trifolium pratense L.), and 3 populations of the Ni-hyperaccumulator Alyssum murale (Waldst. & Kit.) were grown for 90 days on 4 soils with a gradient of concentrations of total and available Ni. Isotopic exchange methods with 63Ni ions were used to measure the exchangeable soil Ni (E-value, intensity, and capacity factors), to monitor its uptake by plants and to determine the size of the available pool (L-value). Results showed that, for a given soil, the L-values were similar for all plant species, showing that they all access the same Ni exchangeable pool regardless of their Ni uptake capacity. Also, L-values for a given soil were equal to the E-value calculated for a 90-day period, demonstrating that plant Ni originated from the isotopically exchangeable soil Ni. This pool can be accurately and simply determined with the isotopic exchange kinetic methods run on soil–solution batch systems without plants. Moreover, the results indicate that the plant species take up Ni as a response to ‘intensity’, ‘capacity’, and ‘quantity’ soil factors and that E-value alone is not enough to predict plant uptake. This work suggests a uniform behaviour of the plants tested towards soil Ni and may have practical applications in phytoextraction and phytomining, as the plants removed Ni exclusively from the exchangeable pool.
Two-Site Expression Immunoassay Using a Firefly Luciferase-coding DNA Label (1999)

The use of the newly developed DNA label in a two-site immunoassay was demonstrated for the first time. The assay was applied successfully to the measurement of serum PSA.
Molecular Orbital Basis for Yellow Curry Spice Curcumin's Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease (2006)

It is demonstrated by using high-level ab initio computations that the yellow curcumin pigment, bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-diene-3,5-dione, in the east Indian root plant turmeric (Curcuma longa) exhibits unique charge and bonding characteristics that facilitate penetration into the blood-brain barrier and binding to amyloid beta (Abeta). Alzheimer's disease is caused by Abeta accumulation in the brain cells combined with oxidative stress and inflammation. Consistent with the recent experimental work by Cole and co-workers (Yang, F., et al. J. Biol. Chem. 2004, 280, 5892-5901) that demonstrates curcumin pigment's binding ability to Abeta both in vivo and in vitro, it is shown here that curcumin possesses suitable charge and bonding features to facilitate the binding to Abeta. In addition, curcumin's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are also attributed to electronic and structural features. It is shown that the presence of an enolic center and two phenolic polar groups separated by an essentially hydrophobic bridge of a conjugated network provides both hydrophobic and hydrophilic features to the curcumin pigment, thereby facilitating penetration into the blood-brain barrier through the former property and then binding to Abeta oligomer through the latter property. Both density functional and Møller-Plesset perturbation (MP2) computations have been carried out on the curcumin pigment to obtain fully optimized geometries in the gas phase and aqueous solution and also the atomic charges. Different isomers (keto and enol forms) have been considered to show that the enol form is the most favored and has all of the properties for an ideal antioxidant with also features to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and to bind to Abeta. This is demonstrated with natural bond charges, highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, dipole moments, and Laplacian plots. The computed ionization potential and electron affinity show that curcumin has a low molecular hardness and thus has a propensity to dissociate its phenolic -OH, and the resulting charge undergoes delocalization throughout the structure, resulting in excitonic features. This feature seems to be also important for its binding capability to human proteins such as human serum albumin and Abeta.
Low voltage operation of sub-quarter micron W-polycide dual gate CMOS with non-uniformly doped channel (2002)

A 0.25 /spl mu/m W-polycide dual gate CMOS has been newly developed for a logic in DRAM under low voltage operation. A novel gate electrode can eliminate inter-diffusion and the gate depletion using a barrier oxide film against dopant diffusion, so that a dual gate CMOS can be fabricated with sufficient thermal budget. Moreover, low threshold voltage and high current drivability can be obtained by a non-uniformly doped channel structure formed by the oblique rotational ion implantation utilizing W-polycide gate as a mask. As a result, a high performance has been achieved.
On two-dimensional adaptive channel estimation in OFDM systems (2005)

In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, two-dimensional (both time and frequency) minimum mean square error (2D-MMSE) channel estimation is optimum. However, accurate channel statistics are required to realize it, which are often unavailable in practice. In contrast, two-dimensional adaptive channel estimation based on a two-dimensional least mean square (2D-LMS) algorithm does not require any channel statistics, and at the same time can make full use of the time and frequency-domain correlations of the frequency response of time-varying dispersive fading channels. In this paper, we further study two-dimensional adaptive channel estimation in OFDM systems. We derive two-dimensional normalized least mean square (2D-NLMS) algorithm and find that the 2D-LMS algorithm with the optimum step-size parameter is just its special case. Furthermore, a parallel 2D-(N)LMS channel estimation scheme is proposed to solve the realtime realization problem due to high computational complexity encountered by two-dimensional adaptive channel estimation. Finally, we apply two-dimensional adaptive channel estimation to multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) OFDM systems.
Reductive coupling of two carbon monoxide ligands to form a coordinated alkyne (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReductive coupling of two carbon monoxide ligands to form a coordinated alkynePatricia A. Bianconi, Ian D. Williams, Mary P. Engeler, and Stephen J. LippardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 2, 311–313Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00262a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00262a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views526Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A Quadruple Knockout of lasIR and rhlIR of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 That Retains Wild-Type Twitching Motility Has Equivalent Infectivity and Persistence to PAO1 in a Mouse Model of Lung Infection (2013)

It has been widely reported that quorum-sensing incapable strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are less virulent than wild type strains. However, quorum sensing mutants of P. aeruginosa have been shown to develop other spontaneous mutations under prolonged culture conditions, and one of the phenotypes of P. aeruginosa that is frequently affected by this phenomenon is type IV pili-dependent motility, referred to as twitching motility. As twitching motility has been reported to be important for adhesion and colonisation, we aimed to generate a quorum-sensing knockout for which the heritage was recorded and the virulence factor production in areas unrelated to quorum sensing was known to be intact. We created a lasIRrhlIR quadruple knockout in PAO1 using a published technique that allows for the deletion of antibiotic resistance cartridges following mutagenesis, to create an unmarked QS knockout of PAO1, thereby avoiding the need for use of antibiotics in culturing, which can have subtle effects on bacterial phenotype. We phenotyped this mutant demonstrating that it produced reduced levels of protease and elastase, barely detectable levels of pyoverdin and undetectable levels of the quorum sensing signal molecules N-3-oxododecanoly-L-homoserine lactone and N-butyryl homoserine lactone, but retained full twitching motility. We then used a mouse model of acute lung infection with P. aeruginosa to demonstrate that the lasIRrhlIR knockout strain showed equal persistence to wild type parental PAO1, induced equal or greater neutrophil infiltration to the lungs, and induced similar levels of expression of inflammatory cytokines in the lungs and similar antibody responses, both in terms of magnitude and isotype. Our results suggest, in contrast to previous reports, that lack of quorum sensing alone does not significantly affect the immunogenicity, infectiveness and persistence of P. aeruginosa in a mouse model of acute lung infection.
Comparison of driver models for the computer-aided analysis of electronic packages (2002)

A study of the different models available for the simulation of a driver/receiver circuit is discussed. The four models discussed are based on (1) devices, (2) look-up tables, (3) behavioral equations, and (4) simple RC equivalents. These models are tested for their suitability for analysis of driver/receiver circuits of electronic packages. The speed of computation, output accuracy, and delay calculations are tested and compared.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Induction of murine B cell proliferation by insolubilized anti-immunoglobulins. (1980)

This study demonstrates that intact antibodies specific for mu, delta, or light chains when coupled to Sepharose are effective in delivering proliferative signals to B cells. Furthermore, using Sepharose-coupled anti-delta antibodies, we have shown that hybridoma anti-delta (that is not active as soluble protein) is as effective as rabbit anti-delta in activating murine B cells. However, antibodies directed against two other surface molecules, I-A and H-2K, were not mitogenic. Thus, sIgM and sIgD are comparable in their ability to transmit a proliferative signal to the B cell and sIg seems to play a unique role in this regard.
Static Analysis for Application-Level Checkpointing of MPI Programs (2008)

Application-level checkpointing is a promising technology in the domain of large-scale scientific computing. The consistency of global checkpoint must be carefully guaranteed in order to correctly restore the computation. Usually, some complex coordinated protocols are employed to ensure the consistency of global checkpoint, which require logging orphan or in-transit messages during checkpointing. These protocols complicate the recovery of the computation and increase the checkpoint overhead due to logging message. In this paper, a new method which ensures the consistency of global checkpoint by static analysis is proposed. The method identifies the safe checkpointing regions in MPI programs, where the global checkpoint is always strongly consistent. All checkpoints are located in those safe checkpoint regions. During checkpointing, the method will not log any messages and introduce no extra overhead. The method was implemented and integrated into ALEC, which is a source-to-source precompiler for automating application-level checkpointing. The experimental results show that our method is effective.