gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitrile complexes of zerovalent nickel (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNitrile complexes of zerovalent nickelChadwick A. TolmanCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1971, 10, 7, 1540–1541Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50101a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50101a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views117Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Improved procedure for crystallization of Clostridium botulinum type A toxic complexes (1977)

A modified protocol for the preparation of botulinum type A toxic crystals is decribed. The essential change was the substitution of chromatography on diethylaminoethyl-Sephadex for the step in which toxin was precipitated with ethanol. Colored materials and nucleic acids were removed by the chromatography so that crystal lots of greater uniformity could be produced. Significantly more of toxin in the starting culture was recovered as crystals. The lots of crystals obtained initially by either the original or the modified method contained an antigen that was eliminated when the lots were recrystallized.
GABA induces the differentiation of small into large cholangiocytes by activation of Ca2+/CaMK I-dependent adenylyl cyclase 8 (2013)

GABA damages large, but not small, cholangiocytes that differentiate into large cholangiocytes. The differentiation of small into large cholangiocytes may be important in the replenishment of the biliary epithelium during damage of large, senescent cholangiocytes.
Role of Proinflammatory CD68 <sup>+</sup> Mannose Receptor <sup>−</sup> Macrophages in Peroxiredoxin-1 Expression and in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Humans (2012)

These findings suggest that the proteins or mRNAs expressed by the proinflammatory CD68(+)MR(-) macrophages may contribute to aneurysmal pathology.
High-pressure synthesis and properties of aliphatic-aromatic polyimides via nylon-salt-type monomers derived from aliphatic diamines and benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid (1998)

Aliphatic polyimides (P-XBTA) having inherent viscosities of 0.4–1.4 dL/g were readily synthesized by the high-pressure polycondensation of the salt monomers, composed of aliphatic diamines having various methylene chain lengths (X = 4–12) and 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid (BTA), under 200–250 MPa at 200–320°C. The salt monomers with odd-numbered methylene units were found to be more susceptible to crosslinking than those containing even-numbered methylene chains. The polyimides having even-numbered methylene units were highly crystalline, whereas those with odd-numbered methylene chains were crosslinked and therefore amorphous with only one exception, i.e., P-11BTA. The thermal behavior of these polymers was also studied. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 39–47, 1998
Exact Analysis of Different Detector Algorithms for NDA Carrier Phase Recovery of 16-APSK Signals (2007)

In the new digital video broadcasting standard for satellite communications (DVB-S2), 16-ary amplitude-phase shift keying (APSK) is recommended as modulation scheme, together with 2/4/8-PSK and 32-APSK as alternatives. For carrier phase recovery with feedback loops, decision-directed (DD) and non- data aided (NDA) detector algorithms are basically applicable to 16-APSK schemes. In a recent paper, however, a hybrid NDA/DD solution has been suggested although not analyzed in detail. Motivated by this fact, the latter is to be investigated in terms of open-loop detector characteristic (S-curve) and jitter variance as the main figures of merit in this respect, but with an additional design parameter introduced for optimization purposes. On the other hand, for comparison reasons, results of power-law and monomial-based Viterbi and Viterbi trackers, as classical NDA solutions, are considered as well.
A re-examination of Palaemonetes sinensis (Sollaud, 1911) (Crustacea; Decapoda; Palaemonidae) (1994)

The aberrant species of Palaemonetes, P. sinensis (Sollaud, 1911) is re-examined.Its unusual mouthparts are described and illustrated in further detail.Its position in the genus Palaemonetes Heller, 1869, is confirmed.The distribution of some species of Palaemonetes is discussed.
How2: A Large-scale Dataset for Multimodal Language Understanding (2018)

In this paper, we introduce How2, a multimodal collection of instructional videos with English subtitles and crowdsourced Portuguese translations. We also present integrated sequence-to-sequence baselines for machine translation, automatic speech recognition, spoken language translation, and multimodal summarization. By making available data and code for several multimodal natural language tasks, we hope to stimulate more research on these and similar challenges, to obtain a deeper understanding of multimodality in language processing.
Expression of CCL5/RANTES by Hodgkin and Reed‐Sternberg cells and its possible role in the recruitment of mast cells into lymphomatous tissue (2003)

HL is a malignant lymphoma characterized by a small number of malignant HRS cells among a major population of infiltrating reactive cells, e.g., lymphocytes and eosinophils. We previously reported that mast cells are present in HL-affected lymph nodes and therein are the predominant CD30L-expressing cells. The CD30L expressed on mast cells is functionally active and can provide stimulatory signals to HRS cells. Thus, mast cells constitute an important portion of the infiltrating reactive cells that contribute to tumor progression in HL. Control of the recruitment of this previously unrecognized cell and its interactions with tumor cells are essentially unknown. To elucidate if mast cells might be specifically attracted to the tumor area by chemokines produced by HRS cells, we investigated chemokine expression in HL cell lines and in vivo. By RNase protection assay, mRNA expression of several chemokines could be detected in the cell lines. Despite the heterogeneous expression profile exhibited by the cell lines, 4 of 5 expressed CCL5 (RANTES) mRNA. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry confirmed expression of CCL5 in vivo. Furthermore, secreted CCL5 was detected in conditioned media from 3 of the cell lines. In a migration assay, we found that CCL5 present in conditioned medium could induce mast cell migration. Taken together, our results suggest that CCL5 produced by HRS cells is one mechanism by which mast cells can be attracted into the tumor tissue in HL.
Reliability and Validity of the Cantonese Version of Mini-Mental State Examination-A Preliminary Study (1994)

Forming stable gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-modified surface is important for a number of applications including sensing and electrocatalysis. Herein, tethering AuNPs to glassy carbon (GC) surfaces using surface bound diazonium salts is investigated as a strategy to produce stable AuNP surfaces. GC electrodes are first modified with 4-aminophenyl (GC-Ph-NH(2)), and then the terminal amine groups are converted to diazonium groups by incubating the GC-Ph-NH(2) interface in NaNO(2) and HCl solution to form a 4-phenyl diazonium chloride-modified interface (GC-Ph-N(2)(+)Cl(-)). Subsequently AuNPs are immobilized on the interface by electrochemical reduction to give a 4-phenyl AuNP-modified interface (GC-Ph-AuNP). For comparison, 4-aminophenyl AuNP- and 4-thiophenol AuNP-modified GC interfaces (GC-Ph-S-AuNP and GC-Ph-NH-AuNP), in which AuNPs are tethered to the surfaces by forming S-Au and NH-Au bond, respectively, were also prepared. Cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy are used to characterize these fabricated interfaces. The AuNP on GC-Ph-AuNP surfaces demonstrate good stability under sonication in Milli-Q water, during electrochemical treatment in 0.05 M H(2)SO(4) solution, and over several weeks. By contrast, the GC-Ph-NH-AuNP and GC-Ph-S-AuNP surfaces showed significant particle losses under equivalent conditions.
Phosphorescent Square‐Planar Platinum(II) Complexes of 1,3‐Bis(2‐pyridylimino)isoindoline with a Monodentate Strong‐Field Ligand (2013)

Abstract A series of platinum(II) complexes bearing 1,3‐bis(2‐pyridylimino)isoindoline (BPI) derivatives as ligand have been prepared by substitution of the coordinated Cl in precursors [Pt(L)Cl] [L = L1 ( 1 ), L2 ( 2 ), L3 ( 3 )] by a monodentate strong‐field ligand such as CN – , CN‐cyclohexyl, PPh 3 , NCS – , PhS – , or N(CN) 2 – . Most of these compounds display orange‐to‐red luminescence in both the solid state and solution at ambient temperature. Compared with precursors 1 – 3 , both low‐energy absorption and emission bands in ligand‐substituted platinum(II) complexes 4 – 13 exhibit distinct blueshifts. The emission of platinum(II) complexes with CN‐containing monodentate ligands shows progressive blueshifts with increasing ligand field strength: 609 ( 10 , NCS – ) → 603 [ 12 , N(CN) 2 – ] → 590 ( 4 , CN – ) → 581 nm ( 7 , C≡N‐cyclohexyl). The emission of complexes 4 – 9 originates mainly from the 3 [π → π*(BPI)] 3 IL triplet excited state, mixed with some 3 [dπ(Pt) → π*(BPI)] 3 MLCT character. In contrast, the emission of 10 – 13 arises from a clearly increased 3 [π(L) → π*(BPI)] 3 LLCT state with reduced 3 [π → π*(BPI)] 3 IL and 3 [5d(Pt) → π*(BPI)] 3 MLCT character. Noticeably, dicyanamido‐linked dinuclear complex 13 displays a significant ligand–ligand electronic interaction between the two BPI across the Pt–N≡C–N–C≡N–Pt bridge with remarkable LLCT character from one BPI to the other.
The structures of<i>Escherichia coli</i>O-polysaccharide antigens (2006)

Escherichia coli is usually a non-pathogenic member of the human colonic flora. However, certain strains have acquired virulence factors and may cause a variety of infections in humans and in animals. There are three clinical syndromes caused by E. coli: (i) sepsis/meningitis; (ii) urinary tract infection and (iii) diarrhoea. Furthermore the E. coli causing diarrhoea is divided into different 'pathotypes' depending on the type of disease, i.e. (i) enterotoxigenic; (ii) enteropathogenic; (iii) enteroinvasive; (iv) enterohaemorrhagic; (v) enteroaggregative and (vi) diffusely adherent. The serotyping of E. coli based on the somatic (O), flagellar (H) and capsular polysaccharide antigens (K) is used in epidemiology. The different antigens may be unique for a particular serogroup or antigenic determinants may be shared, resulting in cross-reactions with other serogroups of E. coli or even with other members of the family Enterobacteriacea. To establish the uniqueness of a particular serogroup or to identify the presence of common epitopes, a database of the structures of O-antigenic polysaccharides has been created. The E. coli database (ECODAB) contains structures, nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts and to some extent cross-reactivity relationships. All fields are searchable. A ranking is produced based on similarity, which facilitates rapid identification of strains that are difficult to serotype (if known) based on classical agglutinating methods. In addition, results pertinent to the biosynthesis of the repeating units of O-antigens are discussed. The ECODAB is accessible to the scientific community at http://www.casper.organ.su.se/ECODAB/.
Representing Bipolar And Complex Imagery In Noncoherent Optics Image Processing Systems: Comparison Of Approaches (1981)

Noncoherent-optics systems are linear in irradiance, which is a nonnegative, real quantity; bipolar and complex data must be indirectly represented. We compare spatial representation methods and evaluate their relative merits.
Geometric Burrows-Wheeler Transform: Linking Range Searching and Text Indexing (2008)

We introduce a new variant of the popular Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT) called geometric Burrows-Wheeler transform (GBWT). Unlike BWT, which merely permutes the text, GBWT converts the text into a set of points in 2-dimensional geometry. Using this transform, we can answer to many open questions in compressed text indexing: (1) can compressed data structures be designed in external memory with similar performance as the uncompressed counterparts? (2) Can compressed data structures be designed for position restricted pattern matching [16]? We also introduce a reverse transform, called Points2Text; which converts a set of points into text. This transform allows us to derive the first known lower bounds in compressed text indexing. We show strong equivalence between data structural problems in geometric range searching and text pattern matching. This provides a way to derive new results in compressed text indexing by translating the results from range searching.
Bcl-XL Inhibits Membrane Permeabilization by Competing with Bax (2008)

Although Bcl-XL and Bax are structurally similar, activated Bax forms large oligomers that permeabilize the outer mitochondrial membrane, thereby committing cells to apoptosis, whereas Bcl-XL inhibits this process. Two different models of Bcl-XL function have been proposed. In one, Bcl-XL binds to an activator, thereby preventing Bax activation. In the other, Bcl-XL binds directly to activated Bax. It has been difficult to sort out which interaction is important in cells, as all three proteins are present simultaneously. We examined the mechanism of Bax activation by tBid and its inhibition by Bcl-XL using full-length recombinant proteins and measuring permeabilization of liposomes and mitochondria in vitro. Our results demonstrate that Bcl-XL and Bax are functionally similar. Neither protein bound to membranes alone. However, the addition of tBid recruited molar excesses of either protein to membranes, indicating that tBid activates both pro- and antiapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family. Bcl-XL competes with Bax for the activation of soluble, monomeric Bax through interaction with membranes, tBid, or t-Bid-activated Bax, thereby inhibiting Bax binding to membranes, oligomerization, and membrane permeabilization. Experiments in which individual interactions were abolished by mutagenesis indicate that both Bcl-XL-tBid and Bcl-XL-Bax binding contribute to the antiapoptotic function of Bcl-XL. By out-competing Bax for the interactions leading to membrane permeabilization, Bcl-XL ties up both tBid and Bax in nonproductive interactions and inhibits Bax binding to membranes. We propose that because Bcl-XL does not oligomerize it functions like a dominant-negative Bax in the membrane permeabilization process.
Pretreatment With 1,25(OH)2D3 Protects From Cytoxan-Induced Alopecia Without Protecting the Leukemic Cells From Cytoxan (1995)

The authors previously demonstrated that pretreatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 protects from Cytoxan-induced alopecia in the rat model. The current study was designed to investigate whether 1,25(OH)2D3 protects the transplantable rat chloroleukemia (C51) cells from the cytotoxic effects of Cytoxan. In vitro, 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide had a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on C51 cells. In separate experiments, preincubation with 1,25(OH)2D3 did not protect the C51 cells from the cytotoxic effects of 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide. In vivo, 4 groups of 10 5-day-old rats were treated as follows: Groups 1 and 2 received 0.2 micrograms of 1,25(OH)2D3 topically in ethanol daily starting on day 5 through day 10. Groups 3 and 4 received ethanol topically similarly. On day 7, all rats received 1 x 10(5) C51 cells intraperitoneally. On day 11, groups 1 and 3 received 35 mg/kg Cytoxan intraperitoneally. All rats in groups 2 and 4 were dead of leukemia by day 34. In groups 1 and 3, only 1 of 10 and 2 of 10 rats died of leukemia, respectively. Alopecia developed in all rats in group 3. In contrast, all rats in group 1 were protected from Cytoxan-induced alopecia. These results indicate that, in vivo, pretreatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 does not protect the rat chloroleukemia cells from the cytotoxic effect of Cytoxan, while protecting from Cytoxan-induced alopecia.
Power efficient compressive sensing for continuous monitoring of ECG and PPG in a wearable system (2016)

We demonstrate an end-to-end system prototype using Compressive Sensing (CS) to power-efficiently compress continuous bio-signals in a wearable body sensor network (BSN). We use a variant of a Binary Permuted Block Diagonal (P-BPBD) matrix encoder and pad the input signal symmetrically to achieve high compression ratios for ECG and PPG signals. In our approach, the gateway dynamically tunes compression parameters to adapt to changing signal sparsity levels during continuous monitoring and transmits them to the sensor node. We show that the power consumed by our encoder on a 32MHz Intel® Curie™ compute module is much lower than that consumed by a standard Wavelet-based (DWT) encoder. We also show how CS can simultaneously de-noise ECG signals during reconstruction. After evaluating multiple reconstruction algorithms, we demonstrate real-time signal recovery via an implementation of the Alternating Direction algorithm on a 500MHz Intel® Edison board, used as a gateway.
Studies on Yeast Hemoglobin (1973)

Among the Candida species, C. mycoderma and C. roubsta possess significant amounts of a hemoglobin‐like pigment. This pigment is identified as yeast hemoglobin by its spectroscopic properties and its ability of reversible binding with oxygen. The oxygen affinity of yeast hemoglobin in the respiring and nonrespiring cells is 0.02 μM which is identical to the value observed with an isolated yeast hemoglobin. Yeast hemoglobin in the cell can be decomposed specifically by pretreatment of the cells with ethyl hydrogen peroxide. Comparison of the hemoglobin‐free cells with the intact cells indicates that a lack of yeast hemoglobin does not cause any significant delay of cell multiplication. Neither the rate of cell respiration nor the behaviors of the redox states of mirochondrial cytochromes responding to the changes of oxygen concentration between 1 and 0.01 μM is affected by the presence or absence of yeast hemoglobin.
Static Malware Detection System Using Data Mining Methods (2013)

A serious threat today is malicious executables. It is designed to damage computer system and some of them spread over network without the knowledge of the owner using the system. Two approaches have been derived for it i.e. Signature Based Detection and Heuristic Based Detection. These approaches performed well against known malicious programs but cannot catch the new malicious programs. Different researchers have proposed methods using data mining and machine learning for detecting new malicious programs. The method based on data mining and machine learning has shown good results compared to other approaches. This work presents a static malware detection system using data mining techniques such as Information Gain, Principal component analysis, and three classifiers: SVM, J48, and Nave Bayes. For overcoming the lack of usual anti-virus products, we use methods of static analysis to extract valuable features of Windows PE file. We extract raw features of Windows executables which are PE header information, DLLs, and API functions inside each DLL of Windows PE file. Thereafter, Information Gain, calling frequencies of the raw features are calculated to select valuable subset features, and then Principal Component Analysis is used for dimensionality reduction of the selected features. By adopting the concepts of machine learning and data-mining, we construct a static malware detection system which has a detection rate of 99.6%.
Investigation of thrasher compression fittings on BPA's direct current transmission line (1991)

An attempt was made to predict thrasher fittings' future performance and develop a reinforcement design. Fitting test data, field experience, and design parameters were correlated into an analytical tool, Bennett number, capable of ranking relative fitting performance. Bennett number also has potential as a design tool for establishing minimum fitting diameter and electrical size. Bennett number, laboratory data, and field experience were used to identify the thrasher fittings and five other fitting designs used at BPA as suspected or demonstrated marginal performers over their design lives. The thrasher fittings could exhibit unacceptable performance before the end of their expected life. Based on laboratory tests, the thrasher fittings have an estimated remaining life of approximately 30 years. It is concluded that the best way to mitigate a failed or marginal thrasher fitting is by reinforcement. The reinforcement design is a helical shunt which acts both as a current shunt and heat shed enhancer.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
NEW POWER SOURCES AND ENERGY CONVERTERS (1962)

Progress in the development of portable electrical power sources is reported. A comparison of the power output of the different power systems as a function of service time (projected to the 1965-70 period when the newer systems should be available) is given. The curves show typical performance, but a wide variation in performance is to be expected, depending on the power level, the specific electrical requirements, shielding, environmental requirements, space or ground applications, and other design factors. The chemical systems show up well for the short duration requirement or, as a secondary battery, for energy storage or for handling peak load requirements. The fuel cell and chemical-thermal systems will fulfill requirements in the medium life range. The solar and nuclear reactor systems are good for long periods of operation. The photovoltaic deviees will be important at the lower power levels up to 1 kw, the solar-thermal systems from 100 w to 10 kw, and the reactor systems for the higher power levels. (N.W.R.)