gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of the SERCA Ca<sup>2+</sup> pumps by curcumin (2001)

Curcumin is a compound derived from the spice, tumeric. It is a potent inhibitor of the SERCA Ca2+ pumps (all isoforms), inhibiting Ca2+-dependent ATPase activity with IC50 values of between 7 and 15 microm. It also inhibits ATP-dependent Ca2+-uptake in a variety of microsomal membranes, although for cerebellar and platelet microsomes, a stimulation in Ca2+ uptake is observed at low curcumin concentrations (<10 microm). For the skeletal muscle isoform of the Ca2+ pump (SERCA1), the inhibition of curcumin is noncompetitive with respect to Ca2+, and competitive with respect to ATP at high curcumin concentrations ( approximately 10-25 microm). This was confirmed by ATP binding studies that showed inhibition in the presence of curcumin: ATP-dependent phosphorylation was also reduced. Experiments with fluorescein 5'-isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled ATPase also suggest that curcumin stabilizes the E1 conformational state. The fact that FITC labels the nucleotide binding site of the ATPase (precluding ATP from binding), and the fact that curcumin affects FITC fluorescence indicate that curcumin must be binding to another site within the ATPase that induces a conformational change to prevent ATP from binding. This observation is interpreted, with the aid of recent structural information, as curcumin stabilizing the interaction between the nucleotide-binding and phosphorylation domains, precluding ATP binding.
Comparison of Higher-Dose Intradermal Hepatitis B Vaccination to Standard Intramuscular Vaccination of Healthcare Workers (2000)

Higher-dose ID vaccination (3 vs 1 microg per injection) uses one sixth of the dose required for standard IM vaccination. It is a cost-effective way to vaccinate populations against hepatitis B virus, but the long-term efficacy of the ID route must still be investigated.
Design and optimization of a XY compliant mechanical displacement amplifier (2013)

Abstract. Piezoelectric actuators are increasingly becoming popular for the use in various industrial, pharmaceutical, and engineering applications. However, their short motion range limits their wide applications. This shortcoming can be overcome by coupling the piezoelectric actuators with a mechanical displacement amplifier. In this paper, a new design for a XY planar motion compliant mechanical displacement amplifier (CMDA) based on the design of a symmetric five-bar compliant mechanical amplifier is introduced. Detailed analysis with Finite Element Method (FEM) of static and dynamic characteristics of the proposed XY CMDA design is also provided. Finally, the optimization process and results to increase the Amplification Ratio (AR) of the proposed XY compliant mechanism with minimal compromise in Natural Frequency (NF) is discussed.
Electropolymerization of glutaraldehyde observed by scanning tunneling microscopy and its implications for scanning tunneling microscopy imaging of organic material (1991)

Here we show an example of scanning tunneling microscopy triggering and subsequently investigating a chemical reaction on a nanometer scale. It is observed that applying a high electric field to a graphite substrate homogeneously coated with a thin film of glutaraldehyde causes the glutaraldehyde molecules to form clusters ranging from 5 to 15 molecules in size. Studies on the lateral distribution of the clusters suggest that a lateral flux of charge between the negatively biased tip and the grounded substrate causes a type of electropolymerization of these molecules. We believe that a significant current flows due to charged species which have been created by the primary tunneling electrons and which subsequently diffuse over a large distance. We therefore propose that, in general, lateral charge transfer may play an essential role in imaging low-conductivity molecules by distributing the current between tip and substrate over a large sample area, thereby considerably reducing the current density.
Recirculation Neural Networks (1998)

(1998). Recirculation Neural Networks. Substance Use & Misuse: Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 383-388.
Polyimides: Fundamentals and Applications (1996)

Introduction History of the Invention and Development of the Polyimides, C. E. Sroog Synthesis Synthesis of Polyimides, Tohru Takekoshi Synthesis of Polyamideimides, Yoshio Imai Synthesis of Fluorinated Polyimides, Shigekuni Sasaki and Shiro Nishi Photosensitive Polyimides, Molecular Design and Synthesis, Toshihiko Omote Chemistry and Kinetics of Polyimide Formation, James M. Sonnett and Thomas P. Gannett Vapor Phase Deposition of Polyimides, Thomas Strunskus and Michael Grunze Bulk Properties and Modifications Thermal Curing in Polyimide Films and Coatings, John C. Coburn and Michael T. Pottinger Infrared Curing of Polyimides, John G. Stephanie and Paul G. Rickerl Sorption and Diffusion of Water Vapor in Polyimide Films, Ken-ichi Okamoto Charge Transfer in Aromatic Polyimides, Joseph M. Salley and Curtis W. Frank Dielectric Properties of Polyimides and Factors Influencing Such Properties, Ressano De Souza-Machado, Shien-Yang Wu, and Denice D. Denton Degradation and Stability of Polyimides, James A. Cella Surface Characterization, Modification, and Adhesion Aspects Surface Characterization of Polyimides, Fabio Garbassi, Marco Morra, and Ernesto Occhiello Plasma Surface Modification and Etching of Polyimides, Frank D. Egitto and Luis J. Matienzo Laser Ablation of Polyimides, George H. Pettit Ion Beam Modification of Polyimides, Eal H. Lee Wet Chemical Modification of Polyimide Surfaces: Chemistry and Application, Kang-Wook Lee and Alfred Viehbeck Tribological Behavior of Polyimides, U.S. Tewari and J. Bijwe Adhesion of Polyimides to Various Substrates, L. Paivikki Buchwalter Adhesion of Metal Films to Polyimides, Luis J. Matienzo and William N. Unertl Applications Polyimides for Gas Separation, Michael Langsam Applications of Polyimides as Photosensitive Materials, Jean-Marc Bureau and Jean-Paul Droguet Polyimides in High-Performance Electronics Packaging and Optoelectronic Applications, Claudius Feger and Hilmar Franke Polyimides as Langmuir-Blodgett Films, Mitsumasa Iwamoto and Masa-aki Kakimoto
Surgical Removal of Adipose Tissue Alters Feeding Behavior and the Development of Obesity in Rats (1977)

Lipectomized and sham-operated rats were fed a high-fat diet to induce hyperphagia and rapid fat accumulation. Lipectomized rats with 25% fewer adipocytes were less hyperphagic and accumulated less fat, but their adipocytes remained equal in size to adipocytes of controls. A role for adipocyte size in fat storage regulation and food intake control is postulated.
Heterodyned Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy of Solvent-Dependent Conformations of Acetylproline-NH<sub>2</sub> (2001)

Heterodyned femtosecond infrared two-pulse and three-pulse photon echoes of the dipeptide acetylproline-NH2 in D2O and CDCl3 have been measured and the results have been compared with force field calculations of the peptide structures. The heterodyned two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectra obtained from the measurements exhibit diagonal peaks and cross-peaks that are determined by the structures and vibrational dynamics of the acetylproline-NH2 molecule. The two-pulse measurements are analogous to 2D COSY experiments in NMR spectroscopy. In CDCl3, the 2D IR spectra from the two-pulse experiments resolve two acetyl amide I bands and two amino amide I bands that are not resolved in the linear spectrum. Thus, acetylproline-NH2 must have at least two structures in CDCl3. The angles between the amide I transition dipoles of the structures were determined to be <20° and 35° from polarized 2D IR measurements. A single structure is found in D2O with an angle of <20°. The infrared analogue to 2D NMR NOESY experiments has also been performed utilizing three-pulse photon echoes. In these three-pulse experiments, the cross-peak intensities and polarizations are found to change with the waiting time between the second and third pulses. By comparison to the changes in the diagonal peaks, these effects are attributed to population and coherence transfer processes. The vibrational dynamics and inhomogeneous distributions at the acetyl and amino ends of acetylproline-NH2 are observed to be different.
An overview on saffron, phytochemicals, and medicinal properties (2013)

Saffron is the most valuable medicinal food product because of its importance in Iran's agricultural economy. The dried stigmas of the plant Crocus sativus (Iridaceae) are processing to produce saffron as a well-known spice which has some other importance in pharmaceutics, cosmetics, perfumery, and textile dye-producing industries. Recently, reports about the pharmacological activity of this plant increase its importance in the world. The world's annual saffron production is estimated around 300 tons per year (Iran produces 76% of total) and also saffron is considered to be the most expensive spice in the world; hence, there are efforts for its artificial production or defraud. Therefore, the quality conservation of saffron needs to certify in the international trade market following international ISO or the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) criteria and standards. In this paper, the recent (or sometimes less documented) reports on phytochemistry, pharmacology, and standard methods for quality evaluation of saffron, as a medicinal food spice, from field cultivation to market are reviewed.
Anion Complexation by Glycocluster Thioureamethyl Cavitands: Novel ESI‐MS‐Based Methods for the Determination of <i>K</i><sub>a</sub> Values (2004)

A series of saccharide-thiourea functionalized cavitands was prepared in good yields (72-86 %) by reaction of a tetrakis(aminomethyl) cavitand with the thiocyanate derivatives of acetylated glucose, galactose, and cellobiose. The anion complexation behavior of the acetylated and deacetylated glycocluster thioureamethyl cavitands was studied with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) in acetonitrile and in a 1:1 acetonitrile/water mixture, respectively. All compounds show a preference for Cl(-). A linear relationship was found between the square root of the intensity and the concentration of the formed host-guest complex. Based on this relationship, novel methods have been developed to determine K(a) values, by means of direct titration and competition experiments.
Base-catalyzed carboxylation of organic halides by nickel carbonyl in protic media (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBase-catalyzed carboxylation of organic halides by nickel carbonyl in protic mediaElias J. Corey and L. S. HegedusCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 5, 1233–1234Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01033a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01033a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views755Altmetric-Citations112LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Recurrent abnormalities of chromosome bands 10q23–25 in non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (1992)

Many nonrandom chromosome abnormalities have been associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). Some of these are nonspecific changes seen in many different histologic subtypes. We describe a series of abnormalities of chromosome bands 10q23-25 seen in 159 consecutive NHL patients with abnormal cytogenetic findings. The proportion of karyotypes with abnormalities of 10q varied from 3% among the immunoblastic lymphomas to 67% in the diffuse large cleaved cell lymphomas. Seventeen (10.7%) had abnormalities of 10q23-25. All but one of these were B-cell tumors. The abnormalities consisted of six deletions and 11 translocations. Sixteen of the 17 patients had the 10q abnormality when cells were first karyotyped. The remaining patient acquired the 10q abnormality in the third of a series of biopsies. In the follicular histologic subtypes [follicular small cleaved cell (FSC), follicular mixed small cleaved and large cell (FM), and follicular large cell noncleaved (FL-NC)], abnormalities of 10q were found in nine patients, all in association with abnormalities of 14q32. Seven of these were associated with the t(14;18)(q32;q21). Overall, 10q23-25 abnormalities were observed in 11.9% (8/67) of low-grade [small lymphocytic (SL), FSC, and FM] lymphoma cases. DNA was available from five patients with abnormalities of 10q and was probed for rearrangements with the HOXII (TCL3) oncogene probe. As expected, we did not find such rearrangements in these five patients with B-cell tumors. Abnormalities of 10q23-25 have been reported previously in NHL but not at this frequency.
Industrial and Laboratory Alkylations (1977)

The alkylation of C3, C4 and C5 olefins with isobutane in sulfuric acid is a large scale commercial process. The reaction has been extensively studied and its general features are well understood and documented in several lucid reviews (1-3).
Contact Charging between Nonconductors and Metal (1954)

An investigation has been made of the charging of fused quartz and borosilicate glass spheres rolling on a clean nickel surface. The results indicate that the process of acquiring charge depends only upon the nature and surface condition of the materials in contact and is independent of the pressure of an atmosphere of dry N2. The total charge, however, is limited by gaseous discharge to the metal and therefore does depend upon the pressure. Such gaseous discharge has been verified by the observation of individual discharge pulses. The rate of acquiring charge and maximum charge in vacuum has been found to depend upon rolling speed, both reaching a maximum at an intermediate speed, and to decrease with increasing surface conductivity. Since both fused quartz and borosilicate glass charge negatively in contact with clean nickel, it is inferred that both have higher effective work functions than nickel. The surface conductivity of borosilicate glass has been found to be three of four orders of magnitude higher than that of quartz. Therefore, since the charging of the two materials is of the same order of magnitude, the effective work function of the glass appears to be considerably higher than that of fused quartz.
In Vitro Development of the Isolated Shoot Apical Meristem of Angiosperms (1970)

Development of complete plants was achieved from isolated shoot apical meristems of Nicotiana tabacum L., Daucus carota L., Nicotiana glauca Grah., Tropaeolum majus L., and Coleus blumei Benth. The explants consisted of only meristematic dome tissue with no visible leaf primordia. A simple nutrient medium composed of the Murashige and Skoog salt mixture, 100 mg/liter myo-inositol, 0.4 mg/liter thiamin-HCl, 1-2 mg/liter IAA, 30 g/liter sucrose, and 1% agar was adequate. Histologically there occurred principally tissue enlargement during the first 3-6 days, followed by appearance of bipolar organization in 6-9 days and formation of a well-defined root apex and initiation of first leaf primordium by 12 days.
Photoelectrochemistry of Highly Zn‐Doped Pyrite as Compared with Isostructural FeS2 (1999)

Incorporation of small quantities of into (pyrite) leads to a significant change of relevant photoelectrochemical properties: the width of the forbidden energy gap, the quantum efficiency for the generation of photocurrents, and the photocurrent spectrum. In addition, the photocurrent ratio for the electron transfer from and , respectively, controlled by ion‐specific reaction sites, is modified. The phenomena obviously result from a partial substitution of Zn for Fe in the pyrite lattice. Zn atoms on Fe lattice sites seem to be responsible for both the significant changes in the electronic structure and the restructuring of interfacial pathways for electron transfer. This interpretation is supported by state‐of‐the‐art augmented spherical wave band structure calculations. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Optical gain and carrier lifetime of InGaN multi-quantum well structure laser diodes (1996)

InGaN multi-quantum well (MQW) structure laser diodes (LDs) with various different cavity lengths were fabricated on sapphire substrates with (112̄0) orientation (A face). The external differential quantum efficiency was obtained as a function of the cavity length. An internal quantum efficiency of 86%, an intrinsic loss of 54 cm−1 and a threshold gain of 110 cm−1 were obtained. Measuring the pulse response of the LDs, a carrier lifetime of 2.5 ns was obtained. A threshold carrier density was calculated as 1.3×1019/cm3. The emission wavelength of the LDs was around 406 nm.
A review of clinical characteristics and genetic backgrounds in Alport syndrome (2018)

Alport syndrome (AS) is a progressive hereditary renal disease that is characterized by sensorineural hearing loss and ocular abnormalities. It is divided into three modes of inheritance, namely, X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS), autosomal recessive AS (ARAS), and autosomal dominant AS (ADAS). XLAS is caused by pathogenic variants in COL4A5, while ADAS and ARAS are caused by those in COL4A3/COL4A4. Diagnosis is conventionally made pathologically, but recent advances in comprehensive genetic analysis have enabled genetic testing to be performed for the diagnosis of AS as first-line diagnosis. Because of these advances, substantial information about the genetics of AS has been obtained and the genetic background of this disease has been revealed, including genotype-phenotype correlations and mechanisms of onset in some male XLAS cases that lead to milder phenotypes of late-onset end-stage renal disease (ESRD). There is currently no radical therapy for AS and treatment is only performed to delay progression to ESRD using nephron-protective drugs. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors can remarkably delay the development of ESRD. Recently, some new drugs for this disease have entered clinical trials or been developed in laboratories. In this article, we review the diagnostic strategy, genotype-phenotype correlation, mechanisms of onset of milder phenotypes, and treatment of AS, among others.
Mechanism for the Regulation of Cell Division in<i>Agmenellum</i> (1973)

We describe a nonlethal temperature-conditional mutant of Agmenellum quadruplicatum which allows dissociation of the processes of growth and cell division. With this system, evidence has been obtained for the regulation of one step in the process of cell division by a small effector molecule. The effector molecule is apparently released into the surrounding medium and can be obtained from lyophilized spent medium by extraction with 80% ethanol. The addition of this extract to serpentine filaments of the SN29 mutant strain stimulates cell division in these filaments and leads to the production of cells approximating normal dimensions within one generation time. The degree of stimulation of cell division is directly related to the amount of extract added. A general hypothesis is presented for the positive regulation of the initiation of cell wall and cell membrane invagination in this organism.
A CMOS Subbandgap Reference Circuit With 1-V Power Supply Voltage (2004)

A CMOS subbandgap reference circuit with 1-V supply voltage is described. To obtain subbandgap reference voltages with a 1-V supply voltage, threshold voltage reduction and subthreshold operation techniques are used. Large /spl Delta/V/sub BE/ (100 mV) as well as a 90-dB operational amplifier are used to circumvent the amplifier offset. A power-on-reset (POR) circuit is used as startup. This circuit has been implemented using a standard 0.5-/spl mu/m CMOS process, and its size is 940 /spl mu/m/spl times/1160/spl mu/m. The temperature coefficient is 17 ppm from -40/spl deg/C to 125/spl deg/C after resistor trimming and the minimum power supply voltage is 0.95 V. The measured total current consumption is below 10 /spl mu/A and the measured output voltage is 0.631 V at room temperature.
Syscoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System with Blockchain-Based Services for E-Business (2017)

While Bitcoin (Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash) [Nak]solved the double spend problem and provided work withtimestamps on a public ledger, it has not to date extendedthe functionality of a blockchain beyond a transparent andpublic payment system. Satoshi Nakamoto's original referenceclient had a decentralized marketplace service which was latertaken out due to a lack of resources [Deva]. We continued withNakamoto's vision by creating a set of commercial-grade ser-vices supporting a wide variety of business use cases, includinga fully developed blockchain-based decentralized marketplace,secure data storage and transfer, and unique user aliases thatlink the owner to all services controlled by that alias.
Low Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) (2001)

Multi-channel recordings of scalp electric potential differences (EEG/ ERPs) provide insufficient information for determining uniquely the three-dimensional distribution of electric neuronal activity in the brain. This means that infinitely many possible solutions exist for this inverse problem. Many particular solutions have been published in the literature, each one characterized by its own set of assumptions.
Using multispectral satellite imagery to estimate leaf area and response to silvicultural treatments in loblolly pine stands (2006)

The relationship between leaf area index (LAI) of loblolly pine plantations and the broadband simple ratio (SR) vegetation index calculated from Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data was examined. An equation was derived to estimate LAI from readily available Landsat 7 ETM+ data. The equation developed to predict LAI with Landsat 7 ETM+ data was tested with ground LAI measurements taken in 12 plots. The root mean square error of prediction was 0.29, an error of approximately 14% in prediction. The ability of Landsat 7 ETM+ data to consistently estimate SR over time was tested using two scenes acquired on different dates during the winter (December to early March). Comparison between the two images on a pixel-by-pixel basis showed that approximately 96% of the pixels had a difference of <0.5 units of SR (approximately 0.3 units of LAI). When the comparison was made on a stand-by-stand basis (average stand SR), a maximum difference of 0.2 units of SR (approximately 0.12 units of LAI) was found. These results suggest that stand LAI of loblolly pine plantations can be accurately estimated from readily available remote sensing data and provide an opportunity to apply the findings from ecophysiological studies in field plots to forest management decisions at an operational scale.