gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interaction of hydrogen and water with diamond (100): Infrared spectroscopy (1993)

We report the first investigation of the adsorption of water on diamond (100) by infrared multiple-internal-reflection spectroscopy using a natural type IIa diamond internal reflection element. The first direct evidence of the diamond surface hydride structures, obtained by deuterium substitution, is also presented. Infrared evidence was seen for both monohydride and dihydride surface structures, with one or two hydrogen atoms per surface carbon atom (δCD mode at 901 cm−1 and δCD2 mode at 1125 cm−1, respectively). Following exposure to water at elevated temperature, infrared modes were detected at 1280, 1200, 1125, 1080, and 720 cm−1, and are assigned to ether (C—O—C), hydroxyl (C—OH), and carbonyl (≥C=O) modes. The substantial observed reactivity of diamond with water suggests a potentially important role for surface hydroxyl and oxide species in the surface chemistry and morphological development of diamond films grown by chemical vapor deposition.
Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Regulations of the<i>HLA-G</i>Gene (2014)

HLA-G has a relevant role in immune response regulation. The overall structure of the HLA-G coding region has been maintained during the evolution process, in which most of its variable sites are synonymous mutations or coincide with introns, preserving major functional HLA-G properties. The HLA-G promoter region is different from the classical class I promoters, mainly because (i) it lacks regulatory responsive elements for IFN-γ and NF-κB, (ii) the proximal promoter region (within 200 bases from the first translated ATG) does not mediate transactivation by the principal HLA class I transactivation mechanisms, and (iii) the presence of identified alternative regulatory elements (heat shock, progesterone and hypoxia-responsive elements) and unidentified responsive elements for IL-10, glucocorticoids, and other transcription factors is evident. At least three variable sites in the 3' untranslated region have been studied that may influence HLA-G expression by modifying mRNA stability or microRNA binding sites, including the 14-base pair insertion/deletion, +3142C/G and +3187A/G polymorphisms. Other polymorphic sites have been described, but there are no functional studies on them. The HLA-G coding region polymorphisms might influence isoform production and at least two null alleles with premature stop codons have been described. We reviewed the structure of the HLA-G promoter region and its implication in transcriptional gene control, the structure of the HLA-G 3'UTR and the major actors of the posttranscriptional gene control, and, finally, the presence of regulatory elements in the coding region.
Measuring Employment Demand Using Internet Search Data (2018)

We are in a transitional economic period emphasizing automation of physical jobs and the shift towards intellectual labor. How can we measure and understand human behaviors of job search, and how communities are adapting to these changes? We use internet search data to estimate employment demand in the United States. Starting with 225 million raw job search queries in 2015 and 2016 from a popular search engine, we classify queries into one of 15 fields of employment with accuracy and F-1 of 97%, and use the resulting query volumes to estimate per-sector employment demand in U.S. counties. We validate against Bureau of Labor Statistics measures, and then demonstrate benefits for communities, showing significant differences in the types of jobs searched for across socio-economic dimensions like poverty and education level. We discuss implications for macroeconomic measurement, as well as how community leaders, policy makers, and the field of HCI can benefit.
An EEPROM for microprocessors and custom logic (1985)

An EEPROM extension to a 2.5-/spl mu/ n-well CMOS technology has been developed. In this technology an EEPROM has been designed that is suitable for integration with (existing) microprocessors in a baseline 5 V technology. A 2K EEPROM memory module, usable as a building block in a cell library for custom logic, measures 3.2 mm/SUP 2/ with a memory cell area of 440 /spl mu/m/SUP 2/.
Disruption of the 11-<i>cis</i>-Retinol Dehydrogenase Gene Leads to Accumulation of <i>cis</i>-Retinols and<i>cis</i>-Retinyl Esters (2000)

To elucidate the possible role of 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase in the visual cycle and/or 9-cis-retinoic acid biosynthesis, we generated mice carrying a targeted disruption of the 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase gene. Homozygous 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase mutants developed normally, including their retinas. There was no appreciable loss of photoreceptors. Recently, mutations in the 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase gene in humans have been associated with fundus albipunctatus. In 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase knockout mice, the appearance of the fundus was normal and punctata typical of this human hereditary ocular disease were not present. A second typical symptom associated with this disease is delayed dark adaptation. Homozygous 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase mutants showed normal rod and cone responses. 11-cis-Retinol dehydrogenase knockout mice were capable of dark adaptation. At bleaching levels under which patients suffering from fundus albipunctatus could be detected unequivocally, 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase knockout animals displayed normal dark adaptation kinetics. However, at high bleaching levels, delayed dark adaptation in 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase knockout mice was noticed. Reduced 11-cis-retinol oxidation capacity resulted in 11-cis-retinol/13-cis-retinol and 11-cis-retinyl/13-cis-retinyl ester accumulation. Compared with wild-type mice, a large increase in the 11-cis-retinyl ester concentration was noticed in 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase knockout mice. In the murine retinal pigment epithelium, there has to be an additional mechanism for the biosynthesis of 11-cis-retinal which partially compensates for the loss of the 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase activity. 11-cis-Retinyl ester formation is an important part of this adaptation process. Functional consequences of the loss of 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase activity illustrate important differences in the compensation mechanisms between mice and humans. We furthermore demonstrate that upon 11-cis-retinol accumulation, the 13-cis-retinol concentration also increases. This retinoid is inapplicable to the visual processes, and we therefore speculate that it could be an important catabolic metabolite and its biosynthesis could be part of a process involved in regulating 11-cis-retinol concentrations within the retinal pigment epithelium of 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase knockout mice.
<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> regulates flagellar motility gene expression through MogR, a transcriptional repressor required for virulence (2004)

Previous studies have shown that Listeria monocytogenes flagellar motility genes, including flaA, encoding flagellin, are transcriptionally down-regulated at 37 degrees C. For some L. monocytogenes strains, temperature-dependent motility gene expression is less stringent. By using flaA-lacZ transcriptional fusions, we identified regions upstream of the -35/-10 promoter elements that are necessary for temperature-dependent expression of flaA in L. monocytogenes strain EGDe. Whereas the sequence of the flaA promoter region was identical in L. monocytogenes strain 10403S, transcriptional activity was only partially down-regulated at 37 degrees C in 10403S. This finding suggested that a transacting regulatory protein with differential expression or activity in EGDe might be involved in temperature-dependent transcription of flaA. Indeed, a protein factor capable of specifically binding to the flaA promoter region was identified in cytoplasmic extracts of EGDe by using affinity purification and MS. Deletion of the factor-encoding gene (lmo0674) resulted in loss of temperature-dependent flaA expression and an increase in flaA promoter activity. Expression of other motility genes was also deregulated in the lmo0674 deletion. We have designated lmo0674 as mogR, indicating its role as a motility gene repressor. In tissue culture models, MogR repression of flaA during intracellular infection was independent of temperature and a deletion of mogR reduced the capacity for cell-to-cell spread. During in vivo infection, a deletion of mogR resulted in a 250-fold decrease in virulence. These studies indicate that regulation of flagellar motility gene expression and/or other genes controlled by MogR is required for full virulence of L. monocytogenes.
Effective ad targeting with concealed profiles (2012)

In an ad targeting system, an advertiser specifies the profiles of the users to whom it is interested in showing an ad. The underlying ad distribution system would like to use profiles of users, if available, to match advertisers to users in an optimal manner. Availability of the needed profile information very much depends on whether users opt-in to have their profile information revealed. When some set of users opt-out of having their profile information revealed, possibly for privacy reasons, an ad distribution system needs methods to match advertisers to the right users despite the system itself not having full knowledge of the users' profiles. In this paper, we propose solutions to this problem thereby expanding the universe of users to whom ad targeting becomes feasible. Ads can be targeted to opt-in users, whose profiles are therefore known to the ad targeting system, using now known approaches. Our solution enables targeting of ads to users who have chosen to not opt-in to reveal their profiles. Such users keep their true interest profiles to themselves (locally on their equipment). Ads to be displayed are selected locally and ad scheduling is done using a guaranteed approximation online algorithm that uses only statistically falsified profile information and not the true profiles. Despite the use of statistically falsified information, accurate targeting can be done. We show both analytically and experimentally that the performance of the ad scheduler is quite close to optimal.
Water Distribution System Monitoring and Decision Support Using a Wireless Sensor Network (2013)

Water distribution systems comprise labyrinthine networks of pipes, often in poor states of repair, that are buried beneath our city streets and relatively inaccessible. Engineers who manage these systems need reliable data to understand and detect water losses due to leaks or burst events, anomalies in the control of water quality and the impacts of operational activities (such as pipe isolation, maintenance or repair) on water supply to customers. Water Wise is a platform that manages and analyses data from a network of wireless sensor nodes, continuously monitoring hydraulic, acoustic and water quality parameters. Water Wise supports many applications including rolling predictions of water demand and hydraulic state, online detection of events such as pipe bursts, and data mining for identification of longer-term trends. This paper illustrates the advantage of the Water Wise platform in resolving operational decisions.
Secondary intraoral herpes brought about by antineoplasyc chemotherapy clinical report (1997)

We present clinical report of a male, 10 years of age, diagnosticated of hepatoblatoma. After chemotherapy pre and post surgery, had developed an intraoral herpes.
We describe many circunstances that meeting in this patient and we suggest therapeutic actions that can be adopted to prevent these type of complications in the oncologic treatment.
Characterization of a novel microwave stripper (1992)

A microwave downstream reactor has been designed and constructed for use as a photoresist stripper. The reactor incorporates a cylindrical resonant cavity with a 19 mm wide quartz tube along its axis. The geometry of the cavity is designed to excite the TE112 cavity mode. An oxygen plasma is generated in the quartz tube and the afterglow of the plasma is used to strip the wafer. We have measured removal rates up to 3.5 μm/min on a 150 mm wafer. The removal rates were measured as a function of flow in the range of 0.5–5 slm, wafer temperature in the range of 75–345 °C, and power in the range of 350–700 W. Analysis of the data resulted in an activation energy of 7 kcal/mol.
Formation Process of SOI(silicon-on-insulator) Structures Utilizing High Dose Oxygen Implantation Technology. (1994)

SIMOX (separation by implanted oxygen)は,通常の単結晶シリコン基板の内部に高濃度の酸素イオンを注入した後,高温での熱処理を行うことによってSOI (silicon-on-insulator)構造を形成する技術である。シリコン基板の表面近傍に注入された酸素原子とシリコン原子の化学反応によってSiO2層が合成される間に,このSiO2層の上部では固相エピタキシャル成長が進行し,見事な単結晶シリコン薄膜と急峻なSi/SiO2界面を有するSOI構造が形成される。この表面現象では,酸素原子とシリコン原子の再配列過程が絶妙な速度バランスを保って進行するのである。本稿では,SIMOX技術によるSOI構造形成過程の一端を紹介する。
Phylogenetic relationships among members of the Comamonadaceae, and description of Delftia acidovorans (den Dooren de Jong 1926 and Tamaoka et al. 1987) gen. nov., comb. nov. (1999)

The phylogenetic relationships among members of the family Comamonadaceae and several unclassified strains were studied by direct sequencing of their PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, members of the family formed a coherent group. The closest relatives are species of the Rubrivivax sub-group: Leptothrix discophora, Ideonella dechloratans and Rubrivivax gelatinosus. The genus Hydrogenophaga formed two subclusters, as did the species of Acidovorax, whereas the five species of the genus [Aquaspirillum] were polyphyletic. Comamonas acidovorans was phylogenetically distant from the type species of Comamonas, Comamonas terrigena. On the basis of this work and previous studies, Comamonas acidovorans is removed from the genus Comamonas and renamed as Delftia acidovorans gen. nov., comb. nov. Descriptions of the new genus Delftia and of the type species Delftia acidovorans, for which the type strain is ATCC 15668T, are presented.
SIRT1 promotes endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation by activating endothelial nitric oxide synthase (2007)

Reduced caloric intake decreases arterial blood pressure in healthy individuals and improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in obese and overweight individuals. The SIRT1 protein deacetylase mediates many of the effects of calorie restriction (CR) on organismal lifespan and metabolic pathways. However, the role of SIRT1 in regulating endothelium-dependent vasomotor tone is not known. Here we show that SIRT1 promotes endothelium-dependent vasodilation by targeting endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) for deacetylation. SIRT1 and eNOS colocalize and coprecipitate in endothelial cells, and SIRT1 deacetylates eNOS, stimulating eNOS activity and increasing endothelial nitric oxide (NO). SIRT1-induced increase in endothelial NO is mediated through lysines 496 and 506 in the calmodulin-binding domain of eNOS. Inhibition of SIRT1 in the endothelium of arteries inhibits endothelium-dependent vasodilation and decreases bioavailable NO. Finally, CR of mice leads to deacetylation of eNOS. Our results demonstrate that SIRT1 plays a fundamental role in regulating endothelial NO and endothelium-dependent vascular tone by deacetylating eNOS. Furthermore, our results provide a possible molecular mechanism connecting the effects of CR on the endothelium and vascular tone to SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of eNOS.
An improved technology for eliminating polarization dispersion in integrated phasar demultipliers (1997)

An improved technology for realizing high quality phased array waveguides (PHASAR)s is reported compatible with the integration of electro-optical switches, this technology is demonstrated in a 16-channel polarization independent low loss (
GPU-Accelerated Real-Time Gastrointestinal Diseases Detection (2016)

The process of finding diseases and abnormalities during live medical examinations has for a long time depended mostly on the medical personnel, with a limited amount of computer support. However, computer-based medical systems are currently emerging in domains like endoscopies of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In this context, we aim for a system that enables automatic analysis of endoscopy videos, where one use case is live computer-assisted endoscopy that increases disease-and abnormality-detection rates. In this paper, a system that tackles live automatic analysis of endoscopy videos is presented with a particular focus on the system's ability to perform in real time. The presented system utilizes different parts of a heterogeneous architecture and can be used for automatic analysis of high-definition colonoscopy videos (and a fully automated analysis of video from capsular endoscopy devices). We describe our implementation and report the system performance of our GPU-based processing framework. The experimental results show real-time stream processing and low resource consumption, and a detection precision and recall level at least as good as existing related work.
Microtubules tune mechanotransduction through NOX2 and TRPV4 to decrease sclerostin abundance in osteocytes (2017)

The adaptation of the skeleton to its mechanical environment is orchestrated by mechanosensitive osteocytes, largely by regulating the abundance of sclerostin, a secreted inhibitor of bone formation. We defined a microtubule-dependent mechanotransduction pathway that linked fluid shear stress to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) signals that led to a reduction in sclerostin abundance in cultured osteocytes. We demonstrated that microtubules stabilized by detyrosination, a reversible posttranslational modification of polymerized α-tubulin, determined the stiffness of the cytoskeleton, which set the mechanoresponsive range of cultured osteocytes to fluid shear stress. We showed that fluid shear stress through the microtubule network activated NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-generated ROS that target the Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel TRPV4 to elicit Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx. Furthermore, tuning the abundance of detyrosinated tubulin affected cytoskeletal stiffness to define the mechanoresponsive range of cultured osteocytes to fluid shear stress. Finally, we demonstrated that NOX2-ROS elicited Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals that activated the kinase CaMKII to decrease the abundance of sclerostin protein. Together, these discoveries may identify potentially druggable targets for regulating osteocyte mechanotransduction to affect bone quality.
A SUGGESTIVE RELATIONSHIP OF NERVE CELL RNA WITH SPECIFIC SYNAPTIC SITES (1965)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
The effects of clothing on gender classification using LIDAR data (2012)

In this paper we describe preliminary efforts to extend previous gender classification experiments using feature histograms extracted from 3D point clouds of human subjects. The previous experiments used point clouds drawn from the Civilian American and European Surface Anthropometry Project (CAESAR anthropometric database provided by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Human Effectiveness Directorate and SAE International). This database contains approximately 4,400 high-resolution LIDAR whole body scans of carefully posed human subjects. Features are extracted from each point cloud by embedding the cloud in series of cylindrical shapes and computing a point count for each cylinder that characterizes a region of the subject. These measurements define rotationally invariant histogram features that are processed by a classifier to label the gender of each subject. The recognition results with the tightly control CAESAR database reached levels of over 90% accuracy. A smaller secondary point cloud data set was generated at Wright State University to allow experimentation on clothed subjects that was not possible with the CAESAR data. We present the preliminary results for the transition of classification software using different combinations of training and tests sets taken from both the CAESAR and clothed subject data sets. As expected, the accuracy achieved with clothed subjects fell short of the earlier experiments using only the CAESAR data. Nevertheless, the new results provide new insights for more robust classification algorithms.
Chest wall motion and distribution of inspired gas in anesthetized supine dogs (1980)

Changes in the anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral diameters of the rib cage and abdomen were assessed by magnetometry in seven anesthetized supine dogs during spontaneous respiration (SR) and mechanical ventilation after muscle paralysis (MV). Regional distribution of inspired gas was measured for both modes of ventilation by determining regional 133Xe clearances. Marked differences in chest wall motion were observed between SR and MV: during MV, the changes in lateral rib cage diameter from FRC to end inspiration were larger, and the changes in both abdominal diameters smaller than during SR. AP rib cage diameter changes were similar for both modes of ventilation. Inward motion of the lateral rib cage during initial inspiration was observed in four dogs during SR; it disappeared consistently with MV. Regional 133Xe clearances were not significantly different: there was no cephalocaudal gradient, and the vertical gradient in regional ventilation was similar with MV and SR. We conclude that significant changes in chest wall motion and shape are not necessarily associated with detectable differences in the distribution of regional ventilation.
Relative Merits of Size, Field, and Current on Ignited Tokamak Performance (1988)

A simple global analysis is developed to examine the relative merits of size (L = a or R0), field (B0), and current (I) on ignition regimes of tokamaks under various confinement scaling laws. Scalings of key parameters (nτE, β, Paux, Pfus, etc.) with L, B0, and I are presented at several operating points, including (a) optimal path to ignition (saddle point), (b) ignition at minimum beta, (c) ignition at 10 keV, and (d) maximum performance at the limits of density (nmax ∼ B0/R0) and beta (βcrit ∼ I/aB0). Expressions for the saddle point and the minimum conditions needed for ohmic ignition are derived analytically for any confinement model of the form τE ∼ nxTy. For a wide range of confinement models, the “figure of merit” parameters and I are found to give a good indication of the relative performance of the devices, where q* is the cylindrical safety factor. As an illustration, the results are applied to representative “CITs” (a class of compact, high-field ignition tokamaks) and “Super-JETs” [a class of large-size (few × JET), low-field, high-current (≳20-MA) devices].
‘Inductive' Charges on Atoms in Proteins:  Comparative Docking with the Extended Steroid Benchmark Set and Discovery of a Novel SHBG Ligand (2005)

We have developed a novel iterative approach for calculation of partial charges in proteins within the framework of the 'molecular capacitance' model. The method operates by an effective 'inductive' electronegativity scale derived from a number of the conventional charge systems including CHARMM, AMBER, MMFF, OPLS, and PEOE among others. Our novel 'inductive' electronegativity equalization procedure allows rapid and conformation sensitive computation of adequate partial charges in proteins. Accuracy of the 'inductive' values was confirmed by their correlation with DFT-computed partial charges in common amino acids. A comparative docking study with an extended steroid data set not only illustrated the adequacy of 'inductive' protein charges but also demonstrated their superior performance compared to several conventional protein charging systems. Subsequent docking with 'inductive' charges resulted in identification of five potential leads as human Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) ligands from a commercial library of natural compounds. When the selected substances were evaluated for their ability to bind SHBG in vitro, three of them displaced testosterone from the SHBG steroid-binding site, and with one compound this was achieved at micromolar concentrations.