gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cocamidopropyl Betaine Allergy (2001)

Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a surfactant, and reports of allergic contact dermatitis to this chemical have been reported in the literature. Although most commonly found in rinse-off products, the chemical nonetheless has been shown to induce allergy. The actual component responsible for allergic reaction may be the final compound itself, CAPB, or one of the substances used in its synthesis that may be present as an impurity. Allergy to CAPB is most commonly seen in a head and neck distribution, although other patterns have been identified.
Comparisons between Distributed Connections and Centralized Connections of Multimedia Streams for Computer-based Audio-Video Teleconferences (1996)

To support various multimedia applications. MuX server produces object-oriented and consistent interfaces for creation, copying, splitting, mixing and interleaving of streams. In this paper, we describes distributed connection structures and centralized connection structures which can be used in building a teleconferencing system using basic objects of MuX and compares merits and demerits of each structure from the viewpoint of multimedia related performance like delay and synchronization.
Effect of epinephrine on the ability of end-tidal carbon dioxide readings to predict initial resuscitation from cardiac arrest (1992)

Although epinephrine administration may decrease end-tidal CO2 tensions in cardiac arrest, it does so unpredictably in individual patients, and it does not eliminate the predictive value of this measurement.
The nuclear membrane leukotriene synthetic complex is a signal integrator and transducer (2012)

Leukotrienes (LTs) are lipid-signaling molecules derived from arachidonic acid (AA) that initiate and amplify inflammation. To initiate LT formation, the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) enzyme translocates to nuclear membranes, where it associates with its scaffold protein, 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP), to form the core of the multiprotein LT synthetic complex. FLAP is considered to function by binding free AA and facilitating its use as a substrate by 5-LO to form the initial LT, LTA(4). We used a combination of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, cell biology, and biochemistry to identify discrete AA-dependent and AA-independent steps that occur on nuclear membranes to control the assembly of the LT synthetic complex in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The association of AA with FLAP changes the configuration of the scaffold protein, enhances recruitment of membrane-associated 5-LO to form complexes with FLAP, and controls the closeness of this association. Granulocyte monocyte colony-stimulating factor provides a second AA-independent signal that controls the closeness of 5-LO and FLAP within complexes but not the number of complexes that are assembled. Our results demonstrate that the LT synthetic complex is a signal integrator that transduces extracellular signals to modulate the interaction of 5-LO and FLAP.
Overexpression of CALNUC (Nucleobindin) Increases Agonist and Thapsigargin Releasable Ca2+ Storage in the Golgi (1999)

We previously demonstrated that CALNUC, a Ca2+-binding protein with two EF-hands, is the major Ca2+-binding protein in the Golgi by 45Ca2+ overlay (Lin, P., H. Le-Niculescu, R. Hofmeister, J.M. McCaffery, M. Jin, H. Henneman, T. McQuistan, L. De Vries, and M. Farquhar. 1998. J. Cell Biol. 141:1515-1527). In this study we investigated CALNUC's properties and the Golgi Ca2+ storage pool in vivo. CALNUC was found to be a highly abundant Golgi protein (3.8 microg CALNUC/mg Golgi protein, 2.5 x 10(5) CALNUC molecules/NRK cell) and to have a single high affinity, low capacity Ca2+-binding site (Kd = 6.6 microM, binding capacity = 1.1 micromol Ca2+/micromol CALNUC). 45Ca2+ storage was increased by 2.5- and 3-fold, respectively, in HeLa cells transiently overexpressing CALNUC-GFP and in EcR-CHO cells stably overexpressing CALNUC. Deletion of the first EF-hand alpha helix from CALNUC completely abolished its Ca2+-binding capability. CALNUC was correctly targeted to the Golgi in transfected cells as it colocalized and cosedimented with the Golgi marker, alpha-mannosidase II (Man II). Approximately 70% of the 45Ca2+ taken up by HeLa and CHO cells overexpressing CALNUC was released by treatment with thapsigargin, a sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) (Ca2+ pump) blocker. Stimulation of transfected cells with the agonist ATP or IP3 alone (permeabilized cells) also resulted in a significant increase in Ca2+ release from Golgi stores. By immunofluorescence, the IP3 receptor type 1 (IP3R-1) was distributed over the endoplasmic reticulum and codistributed with CALNUC in the Golgi. These results provide direct evidence that CALNUC binds Ca2+ in vivo and together with SERCA and IP3R is involved in establishment of the agonist-mobilizable Golgi Ca2+ store.
Proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane cell adhesion molecule L1 by extracellular matrix molecule Reelin is important for mouse brain development (2017)

The cell adhesion molecule L1 and the extracellular matrix protein Reelin play crucial roles in the developing nervous system. Reelin is known to activate signalling cascades regulating neuronal migration by binding to lipoprotein receptors. However, the interaction of Reelin with adhesion molecules, such as L1, has remained poorly explored. Here, we report that full-length Reelin and its N-terminal fragments N-R2 and N-R6 bind to L1 and that full-length Reelin and its N-terminal fragment N-R6 proteolytically cleave L1 to generate an L1 fragment with a molecular mass of 80 kDa (L1-80). Expression of N-R6 and generation of L1-80 coincide in time at early developmental stages of the cerebral cortex. Reelin-mediated generation of L1-80 is involved in neurite outgrowth and in stimulation of migration of cultured cortical and cerebellar neurons. Morphological abnormalities in layer formation of the cerebral cortex of L1-deficient mice partially overlap with those of Reelin-deficient reeler mice. In utero electroporation of L1-80 into reeler embryos normalised the migration of cortical neurons in reeler embryos. The combined results indicate that the direct interaction between L1 and Reelin as well as the Reelin-mediated generation of L1-80 contribute to brain development at early developmental stages.
Unsteady Rotating Flow in a Cylinder With a Free Surface (1968)

The investigation deals with the “spin-up” of the liquid partially filling a right circular cylinder which is impulsively accelerated from rest to a constant angular velocity. By application of certain simplifying assumptions, a simplification of the Navier-Stokes equations is obtained and numerically solved, obtaining the unsteady angular velocity distribution of the liquid and the configuration of the liquid’s free surface, as it approaches, asymptotically with time, a paraboloid. The simplifying assumptions are qualitatively verified by experiment. Measurement of the theoretically predicted free-surface configuration is obtained by an electrohydraulic servosystem designed and developed for the problem. Good agreement between experiment and theory is obtained.
SUPER RESOLUTION LASER RADAR WITH BLINKING ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES ---- APPLICATION TO INTERACTING FLYING INSECTS (Invited Paper) (2014)

Assessment of biodiversity of pollinators on the landscape scale or estimation of fluxes of disease-transmitting biting midges constitutes a major technical challenge today. We have developed a laser-radar system for field entomology based on the so called Scheimpflug principle and a continuouswave laser. The sample-rate of this method is unconstrained by the round-trip time of the light, and the method allows assessment of the fast oscillatory insect wing-beats and harmonics over kilometers range, e.g., for species identification and relating abundances to the topography. Whereas range resolution in conventional lidars is limited by the pulse duration, systems of the Scheimpflug type are limited by the diffraction of the telescopes. However, in the case of sparse occurrence of the atmospheric insects, where the optical cross-section oscillates, estimation of the range and spacing between individuals with a precision beyond the diffraction limit is now demonstrated. This enables studies of insect interaction processes in-situ.
Room-temperature 1.54 μm electroluminescence from Er-doped silicon-rich silicon oxide films deposited on n+-Si substrates by magnetron sputtering (2001)

Room-temperature 1.54 μm electroluminescence (EL) was compared for Au/SiO2:Er/n+-Si and Au/SiOx:Si:Er/n+-Si diodes under reverse bias. The 18 nm thick SiO2:Er and SiOx:Si:Er films were deposited by the magnetron sputtering technique. The maximum of the EL intensity was reached after annealing at 900 °C (SiO2:Er) and 800 °C (SiOx:Si:Er). The threshold potential of the EL was about 4 and 6 V for the Au/SiOx:Si:Er/n+-Si and Au/SiO2:Er/n+-Si diodes, respectively. The power efficiency was larger for the Au/SiOx:Si:Er/n+-Si diode than that for the Au/SiO2:Er/n+-Si diode by six times. Our experimental results demonstrate that the existence of Si nanoclusters reduces the threshold potentials of the EL and strongly enhances the power efficiency for Er3+ EL.
Human-Serum Cholinesterase Subunits and Number of Active Sites of the Major Component (1976)

The major C4 component of human serum cholinesterase was highly purified by a two-step procedure involving chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and preparative disc electrophoresis. The final product was about 8 000-fold purified with a yield of 64%. The subunit structure was determined by 8M urea polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis and by the sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation method in 5M guanidine hydrochloride. It was found that the C4 enzyme has a tetrameric structure. The subunits are equal in size and charge and a molecular weight comparable to that of the C1 enzyme from native serum. The major C4 enzyme and the minor C1 enzyme were subjected to an 'active enzyme centrifugation'. It was found that the C4 enzyme was a tetramer and the C1 enzyme was a monomer in the presence of substrate. The number of diisopropylphosphofluoridate-binding sites was measured from the molar ratio of bound diisopropylphosphate to protein. A value close to two binding sites was found for the C4 enzyme.
Visualizing Experimental Designs for Balanced ANOVA Models using<i>Lisp-Stat</i> (2005)

The structure, or Hasse, diagram described by Taylor and Hilton (1981, American Statistician) provides a visual display of the relationships between factors for balanced complete experimental designs. Using the Hasse diagram, rules exist for determining the appropriate linear model, ANOVA table, expected means squares, and F-tests in the case of balanced designs. This procedure has been implemented in Lisp-Stat using a software representation of the experimental design. The user can interact with the Hasse diagram to add, change, or delete factors and see the effect on the proposed analysis. The system has potential uses in teaching and consulting.
Synthesis and Structure Characterization of a Stable Nonatwistacene (2012)

A clean reaction strategy based on thermally eliminating lactam bridges from a soluble acene precursor through a retro-Diels–Alder reaction, led to the synthesis and characterization of a novel, stable, green crystalline 6,8,10,17,19,21-hexaphenyl-1.22,4.5,11.12,15.16-tetrabenzononatwistacene. An analysis of the single crystal structure of the nonatwistacene indicates that this molecule is twisted at an angle of 25.44°. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A case study of network characteristics based optimal pricing and dispatch (1999)

In this paper, the nodal pricing and dispatch function of the independent system operator (ISO) in a pool based electricity market is modeled and solved using a new algorithm based on linear convex optimisation. The algorithm finds optimal nodal prices, and real and reactive power dispatch considering line flow limits, real power loss along the lines and reactive power capability of generators. The price-quantity bids by the generators and consumers are used to model a piece-wise linear objective function for real power dispatch. Real and reactive power are dispatched using a decoupled load flow method and an adjustment algorithm is used to handle decoupling errors. The algorithm was used to solve a 17-node test problem. Dispatch depends on the security constraints and the total industry surplus decreased with line flow restrictions. Impact of switching some real power bids to the reserve market depends on the location of the bid switching.
Synthesis of Polyenes. I. Retrovitamin A Methyl Ether. Spectral Relationships between the β-Ionylidene and Retroionylidene Series (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Polyenes. I. Retrovitamin A Methyl Ether. Spectral Relationships between the β-Ionylidene and Retroionylidene SeriesWilliam Oroshnik, George Karmas, and Alexander D. MebaneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 2, 295–304Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01122a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01122a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views130Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reflection-grating photorefractive self-pumped ring mirror (1991)

A reflection-grating self-pumped passive ring mirror is experimentally fabricated in a photorefractive KNbO(3) crystal. The observed values of nonlinear reflectivity are as much as 50%, and the response time of the mirror is several milliseconds.
Epidermal Growth Factor in Human Seminal Plasma (1987)

In the present study, we have partially purified a characterized epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like substance(s) from human seminal plasma, and determined the concentrations of immunoreactive (IR)-hEGF in seminal plasma from normal and infertile males. Competitive binding curves of seminal plasma extracts were parallel to those of standard hEGF in both radioimmunoassay and receptor assay. Seminal IR-hEGF was similar to standard hEGF by gel exclusion chromatography, isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The concentrations of IR-hEGF in normal seminal plasma (48 +/- 9 ng/ml) did not differ from those of infertile males (41 +/- 3 ng/ml); the concentrations of seminal plasma IR-hEGF did not correlate with density, motility or morphology of sperm. These data clearly demonstrate the presence of hEGF in human seminal plasma indistinguishable from hEGF of urinary origin, and suggest that it may not play an important role in the sperm function. The tissue(s) of its origin and its physiological function in the male reproductive organs remain undetermined.
Light scattering and shine measurements of human hair: A sensitive probe of the hair surface (1993)

In this paper, an instrumental method for measuring hair shine is presented and shown to exhibit excellent correlation with a large series of subjective evaluations of shine. In addition to providing shine values, the light-scattering methods developed are shown, in many cases, to provide a sensitive means of following changes to the hair surface, including deposition (soiling), particle removal (cleaning), and even interactions on the fiber surface. Employing the developed methods, the effect of washing hair tresses with a series of commercial shampoos is investigated. The effects examined are shown to fall into three classes: Shampoos without highly substantive ingredients left hair in its cleanest and shiniest state. Shampoos containing ingredients substantive to hair (polycationics and soap) left deposits on the fiber surface and dulled the hair. The worst dulling was observed when particles deposited on the hair from one shampoo formed a complex with particles contained in a second product.
Identification of the endogenous smooth muscle myosin phosphatase-associated kinase (2001)

Ca(2+) sensitization of smooth muscle contraction involves inhibition of myosin light chain phosphatase (SMPP-1M) and enhanced myosin light chain phosphorylation. Inhibition of SMPP-1M is modulated through phosphorylation of the myosin targeting subunit (MYPT1) by either Rho-associated kinase (ROK) or an unknown SMPP-1M-associated kinase. Activated ROK is predominantly membrane-associated and its putative substrate, SMPP-1M, is mainly myofibrillar-associated. This raises a conundrum about the mechanism of interaction between these enzymes. We present ZIP-like kinase, identified by "mixed-peptide" Edman sequencing after affinity purification, as the previously unidentified SMPP-1M-associated kinase. ZIP-like kinase was shown to associate with MYPT1 and phosphorylate the inhibitory site in intact smooth muscle. Phosphorylation of ZIP-like kinase was associated with an increase in kinase activity during carbachol stimulation, suggesting that the enzyme may be a terminal member of a Ca(2+) sensitizing kinase cascade.
A Novel SVM-Based Blind Super-Resolution Algorithm (2006)

In this paper, we propose a novel Support Vector Machines (SVM)-based method of blind Super-Resolution (SR) image restoration. First, a blur identification method is proposed to identify the blur parameter of the acquisition system from the compressed/uncompressed low-resolution image. In this method, SVM is used to classify feature vectors extracted from the training images by Sobel operator and local variance, the acquired mapping between the vectors and corresponding blur parameter provides the identification of the blur. After blur identification, a super-resolution image is reconstructed by a learning-based method in which Image Euclidean Distance (IMED) is used as a distance measurement during patch matching and different color channels are treated unequally to reduce the computation complexity. Experiments on both synthetic and real images demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our method.
A clinical evaluation of "Y-flap" laser epithelial keratomileusis (2006)

Objective To compare clinical outcomes between routine and Y-flap LASEK procedures in correction of myopic. Methods Fifty myopic patients (100 eyes) were randomly assigned to 2 groups. In group 1, an intact epithelial flap was made and retracted after the corneal surface was treated by 20% ethyl alcohol. Laser ablation was performed at the stromal bed, followed by rolling-back of the flap onto the ablated area. In group 2, a Y-incision was made through the full thickness epithelium of the cornea followed by the procedures identical to those in group 1, resulting in 3 epithelial valves covering the ablated area. A bandage contact lens (Acuvue 2 Johnson & Johnson) was applied to the top of the epithelial flap followed by topical administration of eye drop of ofloxacin and lodoxamide for 3 days. These two LASEK procedures were evaluated in flap integrity, time spent on formation of the flap, ocular irritation (limbal hyperemia and corneal edematous response), subjective evaluation of comfort (score 0 to 5: poor to excellent) and un-corrected visual acuity (UCVA) for 3 months post-surgically. Results The mean time required for flap creation was 5.36 ± 1.18 minutes in group 1 and 2.89 ± 0.46 minutes in group 2. An intact flap was achieved in 88 % of the subjects in group 1 and 94 % of the subjects in group 2. Corneal irritation was mild in the two groups postsurgically and this completely disappeared within 5 weeks. There was no significant difference in the score of subjective evaluation of comfort (1st week: 3.1 ±0.69 in group 1 vs 3.2 ± 0.64 in group 2 and 3 months: 4.3±0.66 in group 1 vs4.3 ± 0.63 in group 2) and UCVA (1st week: 0.21±0.13 in group 1 vs 0.22± 0.12 in group 2 and 3 months: 0.01 ± 0.08 in groups 1 and 0.01 ± 0.06 in group 2). The UCVA approached the pre-surgical best corrected visual acuity in both the groups at 3 months of the surgery. Conclusion The Y-type flap for LASEK surgery is easier to be created with a higher successful rate and does not compromise the post-surgical outcomes when compared to the routine LASEK procedure.

Key words: 
laser subepithelial keratomileusis;  Y-taye flap;  myopia;  cornea
The clinical anatomy of the internal thoracic veins. (2007)

The branching pattern and adequacy of the internal thoracic veins (ITV) are important factors, providing useful information on the availability of vessels and their appropriateness as an option for anastomoses in plastic and reconstructive surgery. During 100 cadaveric examinations of the anterior thoracic wall it was observed that ITVs were formed by the venae commitantes of ITAs, which united to form a single vein (one for the right side and one for the left) draining into the right and left brachiocephalic veins. The tributaries of ITVs corresponded to the branches of ITA. The right internal thoracic vein bifurcated at the 2(nd) rib in 36% of the specimens, at the 3(rd) rib in 30% of the specimens, at the 4(th) rib in 10% of the specimens and in 24% of the specimens it remained a single vein. The left internal thoracic vein bifurcated at the 3(rd) rib in 52% of specimens, at the 4(th) rib in 20% of specimens and in 28% of the specimens it remained as a single vein. In addition, it was observed that in 78% of specimens ITVs were connected to each other by a venous arch. This arch displayed four distinct morphologies: transverse (n = 7), oblique (n = 16), U-shaped (n = 51) and double-arched (n = 4). All 78 arches were posterior to the xiphisternal joint and no artery accompanied them. In the remaining specimens, RITV and LITV exhibited a venous plexus formation. The distance from the sternum to ITV gradually decreased as the vessel passed caudally; the diameter of the vessel similarly decreased along the vein's caudal course. The frequent appearance of two concomitant veins on both sides of the thorax may offer the opportunity to reduce venous congestion by two vein anastomoses. More detailed knowledge of the anatomy of ITV may prove useful in planning surgical procedures in the anterior thorax in order to avoid unexpected bleeding.