gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fexinidazole: A Potential New Drug Candidate for Chagas Disease (2012)

Fexinidazole is an effective oral treatment of acute and chronic experimental CD caused by benznidazole-susceptible, partially resistant, and resistant T. cruzi. These findings illustrate the potential of fexinidazole as a drug candidate for the treatment of human CD.
4D light field segmentation with spatial and angular consistencies (2016)

In this paper, we describe a supervised four-dimensional (4D) light field segmentation method that uses a graph-cut algorithm. Since 4D light field data has implicit depth information and contains redundancy, it differs from simple 4D hyper-volume. In order to preserve redundancy, we define two neighboring ray types (spatial and angular) in light field data. To obtain higher segmentation accuracy, we also design a learning-based likelihood, called objectness, which utilizes appearance and disparity cues. We show the effectiveness of our method via numerical evaluation and some light field editing applications using both synthetic and real-world light fields.
Electron-transfer catalysis of olefin epoxidation with nitrogen dioxide (dinitrogen tetroxide) (1993)

The novel epoxidation of diadamantylidene 1 and related hindered olefins with NO2 proceeds by way of the cation radical 1+˙ generated during the electron-transfer chain (ETC) catalysis initiated by nitrosonium.
A Cytosolic Acyltransferase Contributes to Triacylglycerol Synthesis in Sucrose-Rescued Arabidopsis Seed Oil Catabolism Mutants   (2012)

Triacylglycerol (TAG) levels and oil bodies persist in sucrose (Suc)-rescued Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings disrupted in seed oil catabolism. This study set out to establish if TAG levels persist as a metabolically inert pool when downstream catabolism is disrupted, or if other mechanisms, such as fatty acid (FA) recycling into TAG are operating. We show that TAG composition changes significantly in Suc-rescued seedlings compared with that found in dry seeds, with 18:2 and 18:3 accumulating. However, 20:1 FA is not efficiently recycled back into TAG in young seedlings, instead partitioning into the membrane lipid fraction and diacylglycerol. In the lipolysis mutant sugar dependent1and the β-oxidation double mutant acx1acx2 (for acyl-Coenzyme A oxidase), levels of TAG actually increased in seedlings growing on Suc. We performed a transcriptomic study and identified up-regulation of an acyltransferase gene, DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE3 (DGAT3), with homology to a peanut (Arachis hypogaea) cytosolic acyltransferase. The acyl-Coenzyme A substrate for this acyltransferase accumulates in mutants that are blocked in oil breakdown postlipolysis. Transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana confirmed involvement in TAG synthesis and specificity toward 18:3 and 18:2 FAs. Double-mutant analysis with the peroxisomal ATP-binding cassette transporter mutant peroxisomal ABC transporter1 indicated involvement of DGAT3 in the partitioning of 18:3 into TAG in mutant seedlings growing on Suc. Fusion of the DGAT3 protein with green fluorescent protein confirmed localization to the cytosol of N. benthamiana. This work has demonstrated active recycling of 18:2 and 18:3 FAs into TAG when seed oil breakdown is blocked in a process involving a soluble cytosolic acyltransferase.
Glass slides to DNA microarrays (2004)

A tremendous interest in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) characterization tools was spurred by the mapping and sequencing of the human genome. New tools were needed, beginning in the early 1990s, to cope with the unprecedented amount of genomic information that was being discovered. Such needs led to the development of DNA microarrays; tiny gene-based sensors traditionally prepared on coated glass microscope slides. The following review is intended to provide historical insight into the advent of the DNA microarray, followed by a description of the technology from both the application and fabrication points of view. Finally, the unmet challenges and needs associated with DNA microarrays will be described to define areas of potential future developments for the materials researcher.
Contrasting effects of N5-substituted tetrahydrobiopterin derivatives on phenylalanine hydroxylase, dihydropteridine reductase and nitric oxide synthase (2000)

Tetrahydrobiopterin [(6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-L-biopterin, H(4)biopterin] is one of several cofactors of nitric oxide synthases (EC 1.14.13.39). Here we compared the action of N(5)-substituted derivatives on recombinant rat neuronal nitric oxide synthase with their effects on dihydropteridine reductase (EC 1.6.99.7) and phenylalanine hydroxylase (EC 1.14.16.1),the well-studied classical H(4)biopterin-dependent reactions. H(4)biopterin substituted at N(5) with methyl, hydroxymethyl, formyl and acetyl groups were used. Substitution at N(5) occurs at a position critical to the redox cycle of the cofactor in phenylalanine hydroxylase/dihydropteridine reductase. We also included N(2)'-methyl H(4)biopterin, a derivative substituted at a position not directly involved in redox cycling, as a control. As compared with N(5)-methyl H(4)biopterin, N(5)-formyl H(4)biopterin bound with twice the capacity but stimulated nitric oxide synthase to a lesser extent. Depending on the substituent used, N(5)-substituted derivatives were redox-active: N(5)-methyl- and N(5)-hydroxyl methyl H(4)biopterin, but not N(5)-formyl- and N(5)-acetyl H(4)biopterin, reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol. N(5)-Substituted H(4)biopterin derivatives were not oxidized to products serving as substrates for dihydropteridine reductase and,depending on the substituent, were competitive inhibitors of phenylalanine hydroxylase: N(5)-methyl- and N(5)-hydroxymethyl H(4)biopterin inhibited phenylalanine hydroxylase, whereas N(5)-formyl- and N(5)-acetyl H(4)biopterin had no effect. Our data demonstrate differences in the mechanism of stimulation of phenylalanine hydroxylase and nitric oxide synthase by H(4)biopterin. They are compatible with a novel, non-classical, redox-active contribution of H(4)biopterin to the catalysis of the nitric oxide synthase reaction.
Production of Antifungal and Antibacterial Substances by Fungi; Preliminary Examination of 166 Strains of Fungi Imperfecti (1947)

SUMMARY: One hundred and sixty-six strains of Fungi Imperfecti have been examined primarily for the production of antifungal substances, though antibacterial substances have also been sought in most cases. Antifungal substances were produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, Fusarium caeruleum, Metarrhizium glutinosum, Stachybotrys atra, Tri-choderma viride, Gliocladium catenulatum and Trichothecium roseum. Antibacterial substances were produced by species of Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Stachybotrys and Trichoderma. The chemical nature of the substances responsible for this activity is known or can be suggested in some cases, but others are worthy of further investigation.
Exchange of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyrate in a Lactobacillus strain (1997)

Lactobacillus sp. strain E1 catalyzed the decarboxylation of glutamate (Glu), resulting in a nearly stoichiometric release of the products gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) and CO2. This decarboxylation was associated with the net synthesis of ATP. ATP synthesis was inhibited almost completely by nigericin and about 70% by N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD), without inhibition of the decarboxylation. These findings are consistent with the possibility that a proton motive force arises from the cytoplasmic proton consumption that accompanies glutamate decarboxylation and the electrogenic Glu/GABA antiporter and the possibility that this proton motive force is coupled with ATP synthesis by DCCD-sensitive ATPase.
Rapid detection of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations with multiplex PCR and primer extension in lung cancer (2010)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase domain mutations hyperactivate the kinase and confer kinase addiction of the non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor cells. Almost all of these mutations are located within exons 18-21. The -216 single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region is associated with increased EGFR production. We present a method for detecting these common mutations in 81 cases of NSCLC. The protocol is based on the multiplex amplification of promoter region and exons 18-21 of the EGFR genes in a single tube, followed by primer extension of the PCR products using various sizes of primers to detect base changes at -216 promoter region and codons 719, 746-750, 790, 858 of the EGFR gene. We compared the results with that from direct sequencing for detecting EGFR mutations in 81 cases of NSCLC. The two methods identified the same 26 mutations, but our method is superior to direct sequencing in terms of the amount of work and time required. We presented a simple and fast method to detect mutations of EGFR genes in NSCLC.
ChemInform Abstract: A Safe Low Temperature Route to InAs Nanofibers. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reducing multiple pregnancy in assisted reproduction technology: towards a policy of single blastocyst transfer in younger women (2008)

Single blastocyst transfer followed by transfer of a frozen blastocyst if the preceding fresh cycle was unsuccessful resulted in a better cumulative live birth and lower twin pregnancy in young women. In older women, two fresh blastocysts gave better results than one fresh followed by a frozen cycle. Older women should have the option of replacing two fresh blastocysts as this optimises their chances of taking home a baby.
The Etiopathogenesis of Parkinson Disease and Suggestions for Future Research. Part II (2007)

We are at a critical juncture in our knowledge of the etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). It is clear that PD is not a single entity simply resulting from a dopaminergic deficit; rather it is most likely caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Although there is extensive new information on the etiology and pathogenesis of PD, which may advance its treatment, new syntheses of this information are needed. The second part of this two-part, state-of-the-art review by leaders in PD research critically examines the research field to identify areas for which new knowledge and ideas might be helpful for treatment purposes. Topics reviewed in Part II are genetics, animal models, and oxidative stress.
Modifiers in WordNet (1998)

This chapter contains sections titled: Adjectives, Adverbs, The Wordnet Interface, Conclusion, References
Metamaterial Transmission Line and its Applications (2010)

Metamaterial structures have found a wide interest around the world since the properties of left-handed media were proposed for the first time in 1967 by a Soviet physicist Veselago. Besides many successful investigations on three-dimensional metamaterials, e.g. invisible cloaks and perfect lens, there are many researches on two-dimensional and one-dimensional metamaterials. Homogeneous negative index transmission lines or left-handed transmission lines are, generally speaking, metamaterial transmission lines, which belong to onedimensional metamaterials. They do not exist in nature, and have to be approached by some artificial structures, which are usually constructed from a series of discontinuous sections operating in a restricted frequency range. A typical realization of metamaterial transmission line is found in a quasi-lumped transmission line with elementary cells consisting of a series capacitor and a shunt inductor. As in practice, the normal shunt capacitance and series inductance cannot be avoided, the concept of the composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line was developed, and a number of novel applications have been demonstrated. In this chapter, we focus on metamaterial transmission line designs and applications. Firstly, the concept of metamaterial transmission line is introduced briefly. Secondly, the circuit models, which facilitate the analysis of metamaterial transmission lines, are discussed. The relations between composite right/left-handed transmission line and band-pass filters are analyzed. Finally, some applications of metamaterial transmission lines in microwave components, e.g. diplexers, baluns, and power dividers, are presented.
Erasable digital audio disk system (1986)

Following the popularization of the compact disc, much attention has been paid to development of an erasable optical disk. A magnetooptical disk has proved the most useful in our development of a digital audio disk system which cannot only play and record but also has erase and rewrite disks. This system using MO disks is capable of playing 45-min PCM sound on a CD format which makes high-fidelity sound with a low word error rate of 10−9 (after error correction). This system can also be used for the compact disk playback.
Computational fluid dynamics modelling of UR-UVGI lamp effectiveness to promote disinfection of airborne microorganisms (2012)

This paper focuses on using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling methods to study the effectiveness of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UR-UVGI) lamps in healthcare facilities. This work develops and uses simplifications for boundary conditions in CFD, while details of UR-UVGI lamps and microorganism characteristics were obtained from existing experimental studies. Three approximation methods were developed to implement the effects of UR-UVGI lamps on microorganism dispersion patterns represented with the Eulerian and the Lagrangian methods in CFD simulations. Then, a non-dimensional parameter, the UR-UVGI effectiveness, was introduced to study the effectiveness of UR-UVGI lamp(s) disinfection process with respect to the combined effect of UR-UVGI lamp(s) and ventilation systems. Although comparisons of results obtained from CFD simulations and experimental data show that local microorganism numbers/concentrations depend on boundary condition modelling methods, global variables such as the fraction of remaining microorganisms remain relatively unchanged and in a good agreement with the measured data.
Oxidation‐Based Model for Thermal Barrier Coating Life (1984)

A procedure is described for modeling the lives of thermal barrier coatings subjected to high‐temperature environments. The model is used to calculate cycles‐to‐failure as a function of heating cycle duration. It is based on the presumption that oxidation is the single important time‐dependent factor which limits the life of these coatings, and that oxidation‐induced strains combine with cyclic strains to promote slow crack growth in the ceramic layer. Good agreement is obtained between calculated and experimental lives for specimens tested in a furnace. This shows that an oxidation‐based approach is promising. The importance of reproducible specimen preparation is also discussed.
The Role of Cytokines in Monocyte Apoptosis (1999)

Survival or apoptosis, activation and differentiation, phagocytosis and antigen presentation, migration or participation in granuloma formation are features of freshly recruited blood-borne monocytes in the local environment. In this presentation we describe that human monocytes undergo spontaneous apoptosis in vitro which involves Fas/FasL interactions, and that proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-1beta and granulocyte-monocyte-colony-stimulating factor prevent spontaneous apoptosis. In vitro infection of purified monocytes with low numbers of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv prevents spontaneous apoptosis. The apoptosis-preventing effect is correlated to the release of TNFalpha and not due to phagocytosis per se. Furthermore, the minor subset of CD64-negative monocytes is found to be less susceptible to recall antigen-activated CD4-positive T cell-mediated apoptosis than CD64-positive monocytes. Finally, recent findings of our group indicate that the chemokine platelet factor 4 protects monocytes from spontaneous apoptosis and induces the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages. From these findings we conclude that monocyte recruitment, their survival, their differentiation and their functional activity at the site of inflammation are regulated by a cytokine network which needs to be further analyzed in order to design strategies for immune intervention.
Deformable Optical Elements With Feedback (1958)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Horace W. Babcock, "Deformable Optical Elements With Feedback," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 48, 500-500 (1958) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
<i>Oops</i> (2019)

The massive increase of IoT devices and their collected data raises the question of how to analyze all that data. Edge computing provides a suitable compromise, but the question remains: How much processing should be done locally vs. offloaded to other devices? The diverse application requirements and limited resources at the edge extend the challenges. We propose Oops , an optimization framework to adapt the resource management at runtime distributedly. It orchestrates the IoT devices and adapts their operation mode with respect to their constraints and the gateway’s limited shared resources. Oops reduces runtime overhead significantly while increasing user utility compared to state-of-the-art.
The Use of Cultured Epithelial Autograft in a Patient with Idiopathic Pyoderma Gangrenosum (1991)

Pyoderma gangrenosum is an ulcerative cutaneous disorder that remains a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. Several medical therapies have been tried in treating the disorder. We report a patient with idiopathic pyoderma gangrenosum treated with the application of cultured epithelial autograft.
Evaluating the extent of cell death in 3D high frequency ultrasound by registration with whole‐mount tumor histopathologya) (2010)

The method provided metrics of comparison between the volume of cell death assessed from histology and that assessed from ultrasound images. It was applied here to evaluate the capability of ultrasound imaging to assess early tumor response to radiotherapy in mouse tumors. Similarly, it can be applied in the future to evaluate the capability of ultrasound imaging to assess early tumor response to other modalities of cancer treatment. The study contributes to an understanding of the capabilities and limitation of ultrasound imaging at noninvasively detecting cell death. This provides a foundation for future developments regarding the use of ultrasound in preclinical and clinical applications to adapt treatments based on tumor response to cancer therapy.
Speech recognition in impulsive noise (2002)

This paper presents experimental results on the use of noise compensation schemes with hidden Markov model (HMM) speech recognition systems operating in the presence of impulsive noise. A measure of signal to impulsive noise ratio is introduced, and the effects of varying the percentage of impulsive noise contamination, and the power of impulsive noise, on speech recognition are investigated. For the modelling of an impulsive noise process, an amplitude-modulated binary sequence model and a binary-state HMM are considered. For impulsive noise compensation a front-end method and a noise-adaptive method are evaluated. Experiments demonstrate that the noise compensation methods achieve a substantial improvement in speech recognition accuracy across a wide range of signal to impulsive noise ratios.
MRI Measurements of Breast Tumor Volume Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Recurrence-Free Survival (2005)

MRI tumor volume was more predictive of RFS than tumor diameter, suggesting that volumetric changes measured using MRI may provide a more sensitive assessment of treatment efficacy.
Educational Finance (2008)

The American system of government-financed education is decentralized among 50 states and more than 15,000 local school districts. Local funds are derived from local property taxes, and this system tends to make local spending unequal. State- government efforts to equalize education spending involve manipulating the local ‘tax price’ with matching grants. School districts with low tax prices are not, however, necessarily populated by rich people, so the distribution of state funds may penalize many low-income districts with large amounts of non-residential property.
Arab Women in Arab News: Old Stereotypes and New Media (2012)

This book addresses east-west understandings of Arab women as portrayed through translated media. The vast majority of media studies on Arab women are western-based. They study the effect of western stereotypes in western media depictions of Arab women. There is a vast scholarly literature tracing western stereotypes of Arab women from medieval times to the present. From 1800, the dominant western stereotype of Arab women depicts them as and oppressed. Thirty years of social science media research in the west has shown that media images of Arab women reinforce this two hundred year old stereotype. Much of this research has studied silent image bites of Arab women, where women are pictured in veils and their own voices are replaced by western captions or voice-overs. This book sets out to answer this question. To answer it, we contracted with a global news translation service from the Middle East to collect and translate a sample of 22 months of new summaries from 103 Arab media sources belonging to 22 Arab countries. Filtering the summaries that contained one or more female keywords (e.g., woman, mother, aunt, sister, she) yielded 2, 061 summaries between September 2005 and June of 2007. Using the 2,061 summaries as input data, a coding scheme was developed for active and passive female behaviors based on verb-phrase analysis and conventions of English-language news-reporting.
Genetic evidence for the <i>in planta</i> role of phloem-specific plasma membrane sucrose transporters (2000)

A major question in plant physiology is how the large amount of sucrose made in leaves is transported to the rest of the plant. Although physiological, biochemical, and anatomical investigations have been performed in this field, to date there have been very few genetic studies. Using a reverse genetic screen, we have identified mutant Arabidopsis plants containing transferred DNA insertions in the gene encoding a phloem-specific sucrose transporter, SUC2. SUC2 is thought to function in loading sugar from the apoplast into the conducting sieve tubes. In the homozygous state, these mutations resulted in stunted growth, retarded development, and sterility. The source leaves of mutant plants contained a great excess of starch, and radiolabeled sugar failed to be transported efficiently to roots and inflorescences. These data provide genetic proof that apoplastic phloem loading is critical for growth, development, and reproduction in Arabidopsis and that SUC2 is at least partially responsible for this step.
THICKNESS MEASUREMENTS USING EDDY-CURRENT TECHNIQUES. (1972)

the clad core interface contains formation concerning the thickness of the clad. The echo has a positive peak followed by a small negative peak. The ''crossing point'' between the positive and negative peak or the amplitude of the echo can be used to determine clad thickness. One of the difficult problems with this technique is the extreme sensitivity to variations in probe-to-metal spacing. Methods for eliminating or minimizing this effect have been tried, with some success. (auth)
A pilot study of rizatriptan and visually-induced motion sickness in migraineurs (2009)

These pilot data suggest that rizatriptan does not consistently reduce visually-induced motion sickness in migraineurs. Rizatriptan may diminish motion sickness potentiation by cranial pain.