gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthetically useful dianions via reductive lithiation of tetrahydrofurans by aromatic radical anions (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetically useful dianions via reductive lithiation of tetrahydrofurans by aromatic radical anionsBoguslaw Mudryk and Theodore CohenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 5, 1866–1867Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00005a080https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00005a080research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views456Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Novel Genetic Risk Markers for Ulcerative Colitis in the IL2/IL21 Region Are in Epistasis With IL23R and Suggest a Common Genetic Background for Ulcerative Colitis and Celiac Disease (2009)

Similar to other autoimmune diseases such as celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, Graves' disease, and psoriatic arthritis, genetic variation in the chromosome 4q27 region predisposes to UC, suggesting a common genetic background for these diseases.
Estimating Clay Liner and Cover Permeability Using Computational Neural Networks (1994)

The ability to provide a quick estimate of the permeability value to be expected in laboratory testing (of field samples) would help to predict potential problems in meeting the permeability standards imposed on compacted clay liners. We present some preliminary results that indicate the potential of artificial neural networks as a practical engineering tool for estimation and prediction of expected field permeability.
Competitive nephelometric immunoassay of carbamazepine and its epoxide metabolite in patient blood plasma. (1981)

We have prepared anti-carbamazepine antiserum and developed a competitive nephelometric immunoassay for the determination of carbamazepine and its epoxide metabolite in patient blood plasma. The antiserum was raised by immunization of a rabbit with a carbamazepine (bovine serum albumin) conjugate. A carbamazepine-(human serum albumin) conjugate was used as an assay reagent. Carbamazepine and its epoxide inhibited competitively and almost equally the immunoprecipitation of the carbamazepine-(human serum albumin) conjugate. Therefore carbamazepine and its epoxide could be determined by the measurement of the scattered light from the immunoprecipitate in assay solution on a laser nephelometer. Patient plasma specimens were analyzed, and the values correlated well to those determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography. The epoxide concentrations were considerably lower than therapeutic carbamazepine concentrations, which was certified by the chromatographic results. This immunoassay was rapid (incubation time: within 20 min), simple and precise (coefficient of variation: less than 6%), and required as little as 6 microliters of plasma, and seemed suitable for routine monitoring of carbamazepine.
The Multiple Subset Sum Problem (2000)

In the {\em multiple subset sum problem} (MSSP) items from a given ground set are selected and packed into a given number of identical bins such that the sum of the item weights in every bin does not exceed the bin capacity and the total sum of the weights of the items packed is as large as possible. This problem is a relevant special case of the multiple knapsack problem, for which the existence of a polynomial-time approximation scheme (PTAS) is an important open question in the field of knapsack problems. One main result of the present paper is the construction of a PTAS for MSSP. For the bottleneck case of the problem, where the minimum total weight contained in any bin is to be maximized, we describe a 2/3-approximation algorithm and show that this is the best possible approximation ratio. Moreover, PTASs are derived for the special cases in which either the number of bins or the number of different item weights is constant. We finally show that, even for the case of only two bins, no fully PTAS exists for both versions of the problem.
Thermodynamic Analyses Reveal Role of Water Release in Epitope Recognition by a Monoclonal Antibody against the Human Guanylyl Cyclase C Receptor (1999)

The thermodynamics of a monoclonal antibody (mAb)-peptide interaction have been characterized by isothermal titration microcalorimetry. GCC:B10 mAb, generated against human guanylyl cyclase C, a membrane-associated receptor and a potential marker for metastatic colon cancer, recognizes the cognate peptide epitope HIPPENIFPLE and its two contiguous mimotopes, HIPPEN and ENIFPLE, specifically and reversibly. The exothermic binding reactions between 6.4 and 42 degrees C are driven by dominant favorable enthalpic contributions between 20 and 42 degrees C, with a large negative heat capacity (DeltaC(p)) of -421 +/- 27 cal mol(-1) K(-1). The unfavorable negative value of entropy (DeltaS(b)(0)) at 25 degrees C, an unusual feature among protein-protein interactions, becomes a positive one below an inversion temperature of 20.5 degrees C. Enthalpy-entropy compensation due to solvent reorganization accounts for an essentially unchanged free energy of interaction (DeltaDeltaG(b)(0) congruent with 0). The role of water molecules in the recognition process was tested by coupling an osmotic stress technique with isothermal titration microcalorimetry. The results provide direct and compelling evidence that GCC:B10 mAb recognizes the peptides HIPPENIFPLE, HIPPEN, and ENIFPLE differentially, with a concomitant release of variable and nonadditive numbers of water molecules (15, 7, and 3, respectively) from the vicinity of the binding site.
Economic Reforms in Hungary: A summary view and assessment (1985)

In the early 1950s, Hungary -like the other East European countries -intro duced a copycat version of the economic system Stalin introduced during 1928-32 in Soviet Russia. The essence of this system was: -Nationalizing all but small handicraft industries.
Morphological Control of Highly Ordered Mesoporous Silica SBA-15 (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTMorphological Control of Highly Ordered Mesoporous Silica SBA-15Dongyuan Zhao, Jinyu Sun, Quanzhi Li, and Galen D. StuckyView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106 Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2000, 12, 2, 275–279Publication Date (Web):February 2, 2000Publication History Received6 September 1999Revised21 October 1999Published online2 February 2000Published inissue 1 February 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm9911363https://doi.org/10.1021/cm9911363rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views21658Altmetric-Citations1013LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Copolymers,Morphology,Physical and chemical processes,Silica Get e-Alerts
État des lieux et perspectives des transports de personnes dans la région Rhône-Alpes. Rapport n° 1 : L'état des lieux (1991)

Ce document a pour objet de proposer un repérage des grandes tendances et des enjeux de l'évolution des transports de personnes dans la région Rhône-Alpes aux horizons 2000 et 2010.
The Antibiotic Dehydrophos Is Converted to a Toxic Pyruvate Analog by Peptide Bond Cleavage in Salmonella enterica (2011)

The metabolic processing of dehydrophos, a broad-spectrum peptide antibiotic containing an unusual vinyl-phosphonate moiety, was examined by using a panel of Salmonella enterica mutants deficient in peptide uptake and catabolism. Dehydrophos bioactivity is lost in opp tpp double mutants, demonstrating a requirement for uptake via nonspecific oligopeptide permeases. Dehydrophos bioactivity is also abolished in a quadruple Salmonella mutant lacking the genes encoding peptidases A, B, D, and N, showing that hydrolysis of the peptide bond is required for activity. (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to assess the fate of dehydrophos following in vitro digestion of the antibiotic with purified PepA. The results suggest that the initial product of peptidase processing is 1-aminovinyl-phosphonate O-methyl ester. This phosphonate analogue of dehydroalanine undergoes rearrangement to the more stable imine, followed by spontaneous hydrolysis to yield O-methyl-acetylphosphonate, a structural analogue of pyruvate. This compound is a known inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase and pyruvate oxidase and is probably the active species responsible for dehydrophos bioactivity.
A comparative study of several color models for color image invariant retrieval (1996)

this paper, our goal is to analyze and evaluate various color features to be used for the purpose of image retrieval by color-metric histogram matching independent of varying imaging conditions. In theory, we will examine the effect of a change in camera viewpoint, object surface orientation, illumination intensity, and illumination color for the various color features under a simple reflection model. To evaluate photometric color invariance in practice, experiments have been carried out on a database consisting of 500 images taken from multicolored manmade objects in real world scenes. Images in the database show a considerable amount of noise, shadows, shading and specularities resulting in a good representation of views from everyday life as it appears in home video and consumer photography in general. 1 Introduction
Learning-based object detection in cardiac MR images (1999)

An automated method for left ventricle detection in MR cardiac images is presented. Ventricle detection is the first step in a fully automated segmentation system used to compute volumetric information about the heart. Our method is based on learning the gray level appearance of the ventricle by maximizing the discrimination between positive and negative examples in a training set. The main differences from previously reported methods are feature definition and solution to the optimization problem involved in the learning process. Our method was trained on a set of 1,350 MR cardiac images from which 101,250 positive examples and 123,096 negative examples were generated. The detection results on a test set of 887 different images demonstrate an excellent performance: 98% detection rate, a false alarm rate of 0.05% of the number of windows analyzed (10 false alarms per image) and a detection time of 2 seconds per 256/spl times/256 image on a Sun Ultra 10 for an 8-scale search. The false alarms ore eventually eliminated by a position/scale consistency check along all the images that represent the same anatomical slice.
Pseudoaneurysm of the Internal Iliac Artery: a Rare Cause of Bilateral Lumbosacral Plexopathy (2014)

Pseudoaneurysms of the internal iliac artery are uncommon and are usually associated with trauma. Rarely, they expand subclinically for years and cause significant compression of adjacent vital structures. We report an unusual case of delayed onset bilateral lumbosacral plexopathy resulting from direct compression due to a right internal iliac artery pseudoaneurysm. The neurological symptoms of the patient began 2 years after a stab injury to the right gluteal region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bilateral lumbosacral plexopathy secondary to a solitary internal iliac artery pseudoaneurysm that manifested clinically 2 years after the injury. This report illustrates how a pseudoaneurysm of the internal iliac artery (an extraspinal pathology) has the potential to cause lumbosacral plexopathy, and describes relevant imaging findings.
AUTOMATED GENERATION OF VIRTUAL SCENARIOS IN DRIVING SIMULATOR FROM HIGHWAY DESIGN DATA (2010)

"The current project explored ways to create custom roadway segments for use in the TTI driving simulator. The project initially attempted to use AutoCAD Civil 3D roadway drawings and export them for use in the simulator."
Flux Force/Condensation Scrubbing (1974)

Considerations for the engineering design of flux force/condensation (FF/C) scrubbers are reviewed. Fine par-ticulate removal in multiple sieve plate FF/C scrubbers is predicted, using mathematical design models. Results of experimental studies of two multiple sieve plate scrubbers for the removal of submicron particles are given. The published experimental data on FF/C scrubber performance are summarized. A preliminary analysis of the economics of FF/C scrubbers, compared to the conventional high energy scrubbers, defines the most favorable operating conditions for the application of FF/C scrubbers.
Stacking-order dependent transport properties of trilayer graphene (2011)

We report markedly different transport properties of ABA- and ABC-stacked trilayer graphenes. Our experiments in double-gated trilayer devices provide evidence that a perpendicular electric field opens an energy gap in the ABC trilayer, while it causes the increase of a band overlap in the ABA trilayer. In a perpendicular magnetic field, the ABA trilayer develops quantum Hall plateaus at filling factors of $\ensuremath{\nu}=2,4,6,...$ with a step of $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\nu}=2$, whereas the inversion-symmetric ABC trilayer exhibits plateaus at $\ensuremath{\nu}=6$ and 10 with fourfold spin and valley degeneracy.
Challenges for Pervasive RFID-Based Infrastructures (2007)

The success of RFID in supply chain management is leading many to consider more personal and pervasive deployments of this technology. Unlike industrial settings, however, deployments that involve humans raise new and critical problems related to privacy, security, uncertainty, and a more diverse and evolving set of applications. At the University of Washington, we are deploying a building-wide RFID-based infrastructure with hundreds of antennas and thousands of tags. Our goal is to uncover the issues of pervasive RFID deployments and devise techniques for addressing these issues before such deployments become common place. In this paper, we present the challenges encountered and lessons learned during a smaller-scale pilot deployment of the system. We show some preliminary results and, for each challenge, discuss how we addressed it or how we are planning on addressing it
Retroviral Particles Produced from a Stable Human-Derived Packaging Cell Line Transduce Target Cells with Very High Efficiencies (1997)

The goal of this work was to determine whether a stable 293 amphotropic packaging line, which we have designated 293-SPA, is useful for the production of high-titer stable virus by comparison to the murine psiCRIP line. Here, we report our unexpected findings that particles derived from the 293-SPA line transduce target cells (both NIH-3T3 cells and primary melanoma cells) with greatly enhanced efficiencies (at least 10-fold) compared to particles derived from the psiCRIP packaging line. We show that the presence of a transferable inhibitor in the psiCRIP line at least partially accounts for this dramatic difference in transduction efficiency. This work has important implications for improving the efficiency of retrovirus-mediated gene transfer in general as well as in the design of new packaging cell lines.
Lower and upper bounds for approximation of the Kullback-Leibler divergence between Gaussian Mixture Models (2012)

Many speech technology systems rely on Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs). The need for a comparison between two GMMs arises in applications such as speaker verification, model selection or parameter estimation. For this purpose, the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is often used. However, since there is no closed form expression to compute it, it can only be approximated. We propose lower and upper bounds for the KL divergence, which lead to a new approximation and interesting insights into previously proposed approximations. An application to the comparison of speaker models also shows how such approximations can be used to validate assumptions on the models.
Characteristics of human T-cell clones from BCG and killed<i>M. leprae</i>vaccinated subjects and tuberculosis patients (1986)

A total of 121 human T-cell clones from 9 BCG vaccinated healthy subjects , 42 T-cell clones from 6 normal volunteers vaccinated with killed M. leprae and 52 T-cell clones from 4 tuber culosis patients were raised from peripheral blood mononuclear cells CPBMC). Irrespective of the group of subjects, all the proliferating clones were CD4+ CD8-. Some clones were specific to the antigens against which they were raised and others were limited to broadly crossreactive in proliferative assays. Antigen specificity of 3 M. leprae specific T-cell clones tested, was also manitained in lymphokine and cytotoxicity assays. Responses of the clones to BCG and M. tuberculosis H37Rv parallelled closely. Although, 68 % and 63 % of M. lep rae raised T-cell clones responded to BCG and M. tuberculosis, respectively, only 9 % BCG raised T-cell clones and 23 % M. tuberculosis raised T-cell clones responded to M. leprae. Twenty four T-cell clones from BCG vaccinated subjects, 22 T-cell clones from M. leprae vaccinated volunteers and all the 52 T-cell clones from tuberculosis patients were tested for their reactivity to recombinant antigens of M. leprae and M. tuberculosis identified by mono clonal antibodies. Five specific clones from 2 M. leprae vaccinated subjects recognized an epitope on the M. leprae 1 8K protein, and one nonspecific clone from a third individual reacted to both the M. leprae and M. tuberculosis 65K proteins. From tuberculosis patients , one specific clone responded to the M. tuberculosis 65K protein while another limited cross reactive clone proliferated to the M. tuberculosis 19K protein. None of the 24 BCG induced T-cell clones responded to the recombinant antigens.
Non-ginsenoside nicotinic activity in ginseng species (1999)

Amongst the many different therapeutic applications of ginseng are beneficial effects on age-related cognitive impairments. Ageing in the brain is associated with a loss of nicotinic receptor binding and receptor stimulation increases binding. Stimulation of the CNS (central nervous system) nicotinic receptor is considered to be beneficial in relation to symptomatic treatment and neuroprotection in age-associated cognitive disorders which involve a further receptor loss. We assessed Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium and several chemical constituents of these plants for nicotinic activity based on displacement of 3H-(-)nicotine from human brain cerebral cortex membranes in vitro. Dose-dependent displacement was evident in crude ethanol extracts of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolium. Assay of an extract of Panax ginseng showed the plant to have affinity for both the nicotinic receptor, and to a lesser extent the muscarinic receptor (IC50 2.12 mg/mL and 5.25 mg/mL respectively). Activity was largely conserved after the extraction of choline and other water soluble quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC), indicating that the activity of the plant extracts was not due to choline. Displacement binding assay of some purified chemical constituents, including a number of ginsenosides, showed that these were not primarily responsible for Panax activity. The active chemical constituent has yet to be identified, but the demonstrated nicotinic activity of ginseng warrants further investigation with reference to therapeutic activity in age-related conditions such as dementia.
Expression and Folding of Recombinant Bovine Prethrombin-2 and Its Activation to Thrombin (1995)

Bovine prethrombin-2 has been produced in Escherichia coli using a T7 expression system. The expressed prethrombin-2 formed intracellular inclusion bodies which were solubilized by reversible sulfonation of the cysteines in the presence of 7 M guanidine hydrochloride. Sulfonated prethrombin-2 was refolded in the presence of 4 M guanidine hydrochloride, using oxidized and reduced glutathione as the redox couple. The folded protein was purified by heparin affinity chromatography and activated to thrombin with Echis carinatus snake venom. The resulting thrombin was also purified by heparin affinity chromatography. Kinetic constants were determined for the hydrolysis of H-D-phenylalanyl-L-pipecolyl-L-arginine-p-nitroaniline by recombinant thrombin (kcat = 123 +/- 10 s-1 and Km = 2.91 +/- 0.3 microM). These values are in good agreement with those determined for wild-type thrombin (kcat = 97 +/- 8 s-1 and Km = 2.71 +- 0.25 microM). From the thrombin-mediated release of fibrinopeptide A from fibrinogen, kcat/Km was found to be the same for recombinant (17.3 +/- 1.2 microM-1 s-1) and wild-type (16.7 +/- 2.0 microM-1 s-1) thrombin. These results, taken together with circular dichroism spectra and the elution position of prethrombin-2 from a heparin affinity resin, indicate that prethrombin-2 was folded into a conformation similar to that of the wild-type protein. In addition, since E. coli produces deglycosylated enzymes, these findings suggest that the carbohydrate on the B chain of wild-type thrombin does not affect the amidolytic and fibrinolytic activities of thrombin. Finally, this expression system can be used to prepare mutants of prethrombin-2 for future structure-function studies involving thrombin and its substrates; some preliminary results of this type are presented here.
Noise Reduction for CFA Image Sensors Exploiting HVS Behaviour (2009)

This paper presents a spatial noise reduction technique designed to work on CFA (Color Filtering Array) data acquired by CCD/CMOS image sensors. The overall processing preserves image details using some heuristics related to the HVS (Human Visual System); estimates of local texture degree and noise levels are computed to regulate the filter smoothing capability. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed technique. The method is also suitable for implementation in low power mobile devices with imaging capabilities such as camera phones and PDAs.
Microsoft ASP.NET AJAX入門 (2008)

第１部 ＡＳＰ．ＮＥＴ ＡＪＡＸオーバービュー（ＡＪＡＸ革命；ＡＪＡＸを実現するクライアントライブラリ） 第２部 ＷｅｂサイトへのＡＪＡＸ機能の追加（ＡＳＰ．ＮＥＴ ＡＪＡＸの心臓部；部分的なページレンダリング；ＡＪＡＸ Ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ Ｔｏｏｌｋｉｔ） 第３部 クライアント中心の開発（組み込みのアプリケーションサービス；ＡＳＰ．ＮＥＴ ＡＪＡＸによるリモートメソッド呼び出し；ＡＳＰ．ＮＥＴによるＡＪＡＸアプリケーションの構築）