gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Redox behaviour of SnO2 nanoparticles encapsulated in the pores of zeolites towards reductive gas atmospheres studied by in situ diffuse reflectance UV/Vis and Mössbauer spectroscopy (2001)

Nanoparticles of SnO2 have been embedded in the pores of faujasite-type NaY zeolites by chemical vapour deposition, ion exchange or impregnation followed by hydrolysis. By transmission electron microscopy and from blue-shifts in optical spectra (diffuse reflectance (DR-UV/Vis)) the sizes of the SnO2 nanoparticles formed by impregnation were determined to be about 3 nm. These samples exhibit the most distinct decreases in the diffuse reflectance and highest rates for changes in the reflectance intensity during reduction with CO. The optical changes can be correlated to the number of oxygen vacancies in the particles, i.e. the deviations from the original stoichiometry SnO2. In contrast to the reduction with H2, after reduction with CO all optical changes are completely reversible by addition of oxygen. The different redox behaviour towards CO and H2 is also confirmed by in situ 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy and might be interpreted by the presence of a core of SnO in the nanoparticles prevented against further oxidation by a dense shell of SnO2.
Modeling of Thermel Transport for GMAW (2012)

Investigation of temperature distribution of submerged arc welded plates is essential while designing submerged arc welding joint because the key parameter for the change of weld bead geometry dimension, thermal stress, residual stress, tensile stress, hardness, and so forth is heat input, and heat input is the function of temperature distribution of GMAW process. An attempt is made in this paper to find out the exact solution of the thermal field induced in a semi‐infinite body by a moving heat source with Gaussian distribution by selecting appropriate inside volume for submerged arc welding process. It has been revealed that for GMAW, best suitable heat source shape is a combination of semispherical and semioval.
Pesquisas sobre o urbano amazônico: diretrizes disciplinares X tradição interdisciplinar (2014)

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a relevância da pesquisa na área dos estudos urbanos e regionais, do planejamento urbano e do urbanismo na Amazônia e sobre o potencial de contribuição da pós-graduação para a atualização das estratégias de desenvolvimento pensadas para essa região. O artigo se estrutura em torno da contraposição de dados oriundos das políticas de C&T formatadas para a região amazônica, com as diretrizes que levaram à criação do Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (Naea), em 1973, primeiro do gênero na região. Destaca-se nesta revisão bibliográfica e de análise de dados a trajetória da expansão da pós-graduação na Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) nas áreas que poderiam ter a discussão das cidades ou da urbanização como foco de interesse. Constata-se que, em vez de incluir as cidades em uma possível agenda de desenvolvimento da Amazônia, o caráter disciplinar das diretrizes impostas à região pode estar consolidando uma tradição de tratamento segmentado das questões urbanas, em detrimento da histórica e necessária visão interdisciplinar.
Acoustic confinement and stimulated Brillouin scattering in integrated optical waveguides (2013)

We examine the effect of acoustic mode confinement on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in optical waveguides that consist of a guiding core embedded in a solid substrate. We find that SBS can arise due to coupling to acoustic modes in three different regimes. First, the acoustic modes may be guided by total internal reflection; in this case, the SBS gain depends directly on the degree of confinement of the acoustic mode in the core, which is in turn determined by the acoustic V parameter. Second, the acoustic modes may be leaky but may nevertheless have a sufficiently long lifetime to have a large effect on the SBS gain; the lifetime of acoustic modes in this regime depends not only on the contrast in acoustic properties between the core and the cladding but is also highly dependent on the waveguide dimensions. Finally, SBS may occur due to coupling to free modes, which exist even in the absence of acoustic confinement; we find that the cumulative effect of coupling to these nonconfined modes results in significant SBS gain. We show how the different acoustic properties of core and cladding lead to these different regimes and discuss the feasibility of SBS experiments using different material systems.
Action-Sound Latency: Are Our Tools Fast Enough? (2020)

The importance of low and consistent latency in interactive music systems is well-established. So how do commonly-used tools for creating digital musical instruments and other tangible interfaces perform in terms of latency from user action to sound output? This paper examines several common configurations where a microcontroller (e.g. Arduino) or wireless device communicates with computer-based sound generator (e.g. Max/MSP, Pd). We find that, perhaps surprisingly, almost none of the tested configurations meet generally-accepted guidelines for latency and jitter. To address this limitation, the paper presents a new embedded platform, Bela, which is capable of complex audio and sensor processing at submillisecond latency.
Keeping narratives of a desktop to enhance continuity of on-going tasks (2008)

We describe a novel interface by which a user can browse, bookmark and retrieve previously used working environments, i.e., desktop status, enabling the retention of the history of use of various sets of information. Significant tasks often require reuse of (sets of) information that was used earlier. Particularly, if a task involves extended interaction, then the task's environment has been through a lot of changes and can get complex. Under the current prevailing desktop-based computing environment, after an interruption to the task users can gain little assistance to get back to the context that they previously worked on. A user thus encounters increased discontinuity in continuing extended tasks.
Inhibition of hepatitis B virus by retroviral vectors expressing antisense RNA (2001)

Objective: To study the effects of dual target antisense RNA against HBV infection. Methods:Recombinant retroviral vector expressing dual target antisense RNA complementary to HBV X(1400 1430), P(2375 2405) was used to infect the 2.2.15 cells. ELISA method was used to test the expression of HBV antigens. Results: The results showed that the inhibitory rates of HBsAg in the 2.2.15 cells when incubated at 3, 5, 7, and 9 days after infected by pLXSN+Xpos/Ppos group were 1%, 5%, 5%, and 11% respectively; by pLXSN+X group were 16%, 45%, 44%, and 38% respectively, pLXSN+P group were 34%, 59%, 55%, 51% respectively, pLXSN+X/P group were 73%, 83%, 81%, 79% respectively, and by the control group (pLXSN) were 5%, 4%, 6%, and 4% respectively .The inhibitory rates of HBeAg in the 2.2.15 cells when incubated 3, 5, 7, and 9 days after infected by pLXSN+Xpos/Ppos group were 6%,0,0,0 respectively, by pLXSN+X group were 13%, 53%, 52%, and 45% respectively, by pLXSN+P group were 21%, 57%, 56%, and 49% respectively; by pLXSN+X/P group were 62%, 87%, 84%, and 79% respectively. The inhibitory effects of all antisense RNA groups were higher than those of other groups and there was significant difference( P 0.01),especially in dual antisense RNA group (pLXSN+X/P) and no inhibitory effect between pLXSN and dual target sense RNA(pLXSN+Xpos/Ppos )groups. The viability of transduced 2.2.15 cells was not affected as indicated by MTT assays. Conclusion: The inhibitory effects of dual target antisense RNA group was higher than those of the single target antisense RNA group. Therefore the dual target antisense RNA may be potentially useful for anti HBV gene therapy than the single target antisense RNA.
5-Lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid stimulate isolated osteoclasts to resorb calcified matrices (1993)

Bone resorption requires cooperation between osteoclasts and mononuclear accessory cells by mechanisms which have not been elucidated. Since multinucleated cells in giant cell tumors of bone have many phenotypic and functional characteristics of normal osteoclasts, we have examined the interaction between the bone-resorbing multinucleated cells and the distinct mononuclear stromal cells from these tumors. We have found that these mononuclear cells produce an activity which stimulates both giant cells from giant cell tumors and rodent osteoclasts to resorb bone in vitro. We have identified the activity and found that it represents several products of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism, namely 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and the leukotrienes. These data indicate that 5-lipoxygenase metabolites stimulate isolated osteoclasts to resorb bone in vitro and may represent a mechanism by which mononuclear stromal cells in human giant cell tumors communicate with the giant cells. In addition, these results may explain a possible mechanism for communication between accessory cells and osteoclasts involved in normal bone resorption.
In-band bootstrapping in database-driven multi-hop cognitive radio networks (2014)

Obtaining spectrum information efficiently is key to cognitive radio networks (CRNs). The database-driven approach has emerged recently as an alternative or supplement for spectrum sensing, and has been quickly adopted by the government and the industry. Within database-driven CRNs, master devices obtain spectrum information by direct connection to a spectrum database, while slave devices can only access spectrum information indirectly via masters. Out-of-band connections with a second network interface which do not depend on the primary spectrum channels can be used for the communication of spectrum information among masters and slaves. Alternatively, the in-band approach completely based on primary spectrum channels can be used, which eliminates the need for out-of-band connections and eases the adoption of the database-driven spectrum sharing. In this paper, we study the in-band bootstrapping process for database-driven multi-hop CRNs, where master/slave devices form a multi-hop networks and slaves need multi-hop communications to obtain spectrum information from the master during bootstrapping. We propose several protocols to reduce the bootstrapping time and protocol overhead. According to the analysis and simulation results, our proposed protocols can greatly improve the performance.
New European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology definition on pollen season mirrors symptom load for grass and birch pollen‐induced allergic rhinitis (2018)

Based on our analysis, the validity of the EAACI definitions on pollen season is confirmed. Their use is recommended in future clinical trials on AIT as well as in daily routine for optimal patient care.
Enhanced bus invert encodings for low-power (2003)

The advent of portable digital devices has made low power CMOS circuit design an increasingly important research area. Till now, most efforts in low-power CMOS design have focused on reducing the power dissipated dynamically by reducing the number of transitions inside the CMOS circuit. It has been known that a significant power reduction can be achieved by using a bus encoding to reduce the number of transitions on high capacitance I/O lines at the cost of increasing the number of transitions inside the CMOS circuit on low capacitance lines. In this paper we extend the ideas of bus invert encoding and propose two enhanced encoding schemes which further reduce the number of transitions on I/O lines. We provide a set of comparisons among the three schemes in the light of the average number of transitions, additional area overhead, encoding/decoding cost, and delay.
An automated vertebra identification and segmentation in CT images (2010)

In this paper, we propose a new 3D framework to identify and segment VBs and TBs in clinical computed tomography (CT) images without any user intervention. The Matched filter is employed to detect the VB region automatically on axial axis. To identify the VB on coronal and sagittal axis, we use a new developed approach based on 4 points automatically placed on cortical shell. To segment the identified VB, the graph cuts method which integrates a linear combination of Gaussians (LCG) and Markov Gibbs Random Field (MGRF) are used. Then, the cortical and trabecular bones are segmented using local volume growing methods. Experiments on the data sets show that the proposed segmentation approach is more accurate than other known alternatives.
Implementation of a motion editing system (2002)

Human animation is a rapidly progressing research area in computer graphics. It has become possible to generate a human animation using motion capture which is a process of capturing human movement and transforming it into motion data by using position and/or orientation sensors attached to the body. One of the most important merits of motion capture systems is that one can acquire natural and realistic motion data, while the fact that the systems' cost is high and modifying or editing captured motion data is difficult are critical demerits. The paper introduces our motion editing system, Marionette version 0.1, and technical problems which have arisen when implementing various motion modifications and editing techniques. Providing essential motion editing tools including real-time inverse kinematics and simple graphical user interface, Marionette enables us to reuse and modify existing motion data freely and easily at our own will.
Combination Therapy with CC-5013 (Lenalidomide; Revlimid™) Plus Dexamethasone (Rev/Dex) for Newly Diagnosed Myeloma (MM). (2004)

Abstract Background: Increasingly thalidomide (Thal) plus dexamethasone (Dex) is being used as initial therapy for multiple myeloma (MM), but there is a need to minimize non-hematologic toxicity with this regimen. CC-5013 (lenalidomide; Revlimid™) is a more potent analog of thalidomide with significantly fewer non-hematologic toxicities that has shown promising results in relapsed refractory myeloma. We report the initial results of the first phase II trial using the combination of CC-5013 plus Dex (Rev/Dex) as initial therapy for newly diagnosed MM. Methods: The trial is designed to accrue 31 eligible patients; 13 patients (pts) (11 male and 2 female) were analyzed in this interim report. Patients were enrolled between February 2004 and July 2004. CC-5013 was given orally at a dose of 25 mg daily on days 1–21 of a 28-day cycle. Dex was given orally at a dose of 40 mg daily on days 1–4, 9–12, 17–20 of each cycle. Patients also received an aspirin once daily as thrombosis prophylaxis. Response was defined as a decrease in serum monoclonal (M) protein by 50% or higher and a decrease in urine M protein by at least 90% or to a level less than 200 mg/24 hours. Responses were assessed on an intent to treat basis. Results: The median age was 61 years (range, 32–78). 8 patients (62%) had Stage III myeloma. 11 of the 13 patients achieved an objective response yielding a response rate of 85% within 1–2 months of therapy. So far 6 patients have experienced grade 3 adverse events. These include one episode each of CD4-count < 200/mm3, anemia, neutropenia, increased liver enzymes, muscle weakness, agitation, hyperglycemia, cardiac arrhythmia, pneumonitis, and colonic perforation (underlying diverticulitis and dexamethasone suspected). No deep vein thrombosis or grade 4 or higher adverse events have been observed so far. Conclusions: Rev/Dex appears active and well tolerated in the treatment of newly diagnosed MM and is a potential alternative to Thal/Dex. However, these results are preliminary and responses are still being evaluated and need to be confirmed in the final analysis of this trial. A large randomized trial using Rev/Dex as initial therapy for MM is expected to be activated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group later this year.
ChemInform Abstract: Dietary Phenolics: Chemistry, Bioavailability and Effects on Health (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Table-based linear transformation filters usingOTA-C techniques (1994)

Linear transformation (LT) active filters using operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) and capacitors are presented. Based on the LT, two simple and systematic design tables are given to realise OTA-C filters efficiently. Using the proposed design tables, the synthesised all-pole and elliptic filters employ minimum numbers of OTAs and only grounded capacitors. As an example, a new third-order elliptic lowpass filter is realised. Experimental results are obtained to verify the theoretical analysis.
Serum hyaluronate in malignant pleural mesothelioma (1987)

The diagnostic value of hyaluronate concentration in effusions of malignant mesothelioma has been extensively reported but no information is available about serum hyaluronate in patients with this cancer. Using a new enzymoimmunologic assay based on hyaluronate-hyaluronectin interaction, serum levels of hyaluronate were measured in 16 patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma, 50 patients with other pleural effusions, and 94 healthy blood donors. The mean serum hyaluronate level in patients with mesothelioma (mean, 750 micrograms/l; range, 29 to 5833 micrograms/l) was significantly higher than in patients with other pleural effusions (mean, 56 micrograms/l; range, 4 to 137 micrograms/l) and than in blood donors (mean, 24 micrograms/l; range, 0 to 94 micrograms/l). Comparison of serum hyaluronate values observed in mesotheliomas with the clinical course of the disease suggests that serum hyaluronate might increase only at an advanced stage of the cancer. Therefore, serum hyaluronate determination has probably no clinical value for early detection of malignant mesothelioma, but might be useful to evaluate the clinical course of this malignancy.
Comparison of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining and BrdUrd‐labelling index under different proliferative conditions <i>in vitro</i> by flow cytometry (1995)

PC10 is a monoclonal antibody against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The staining pattern in immunochemistry depends on fixation and detergent extraction treatment. The aim of this study was to validate the flow cytometric PCNA assay against Bromodeoxyuridine-labelling index (BrdUrd-LI) under different proliferative conditions in vitro. Expression of PCNA in methanol fixed cells with, and without, prior detergent extraction with EDTA/Triton was compared to BrdUrd-labelling index in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts and human Caski tumour cells in exponential phase and under confluent conditions. Serum stimulation and serum starvation conditions were studied. The results for BrdUrd-LI and PCNA-index after extraction showed good correlation for 3T3 fibroblasts and for Caski cells, with some differences for serum withdrawn Caski cells. There was no correlation between the number of cells that were positive for PCNA without extraction and BrdUrd-LI. Spheroid cells with G1-DNA-content showed an almost synchronous recruitment and progression through the cell cycle after trypsination and replating. Tightly bound PCNA paralleled this synchronicity whereas total PCNA did not change significantly. The results demonstrate that immunochemical detection of non-extractable PCNA-index gives similar results as compared with BrdUrd-labelling index under different proliferative conditions in vitro for different monolayer cell lines, whereas without extraction PCNA does not correlate with BrdUrd-LI in these fast growing cell lines due to its long half-life. PCNA expression parallels the progression through the cell cycle in V79 spheroids, a primitive model of tumour growth.
Digitally Controlled Absolute Voltage Division (1975)

In this paper, a principle for absolute voltage division is presented. The division ratio of a voltage divider on this principle does not depend on the values of its elements but depends exclusively on the configuration of the divider network. Hence, calibration is not necessary and not even possible. Absolute voltage division is obtained by cyclically shifting the network elements along all positions in the divider network. Each position is maintained for an equally long time interval. The average output voltage of such a dynamic divider is identical to that of a static divider with the same network configuration but composed of elements which all have the same value. To verify the principle in practice, a digitally controlled resistive voltage divider has been built. It has been realized with easily available electronic components, such as carbon resistors with ± 5-percent tolerance, junction field-effect transistors as electronic switches and digital integrated circuits for the generation of the switch drive signals. The inaccuracy of this divider is less than 5 ×10-6 and the temperature coefficient of the division ratio is less than 5 × 10-8/°C from 0°C to 40°C. It is expected that the performance, of this prototype can be improved.
Cadmium tolerance mediated by the yeast AP-1 protein requires the presence of an ATP-binding cassette transporter-encoding gene, YCF1. (1994)

Elevations in gene dosage of the transcriptional regulatory protein yAP-1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can elicit pronounced phenotypic increases in tolerance of a variety of drugs including the toxic heavy metal cadmium. While a large elevation in cadmium tolerance occurs in response to overproduction of yAP-1, the target genes under yAP-1 control have not yet been identified that are responsible for this increase. We show here that the YCF1 gene, encoding a likely integral membrane protein, is required for yAP-1 to exert its normal effects on cadmium tolerance. Mutant strains of yeast that lack the YCF1 gene are hypersensitive to cadmium and this hypersensitivity is epistatic to yAP-1 overexpression. YCF1 mRNA levels and the expression of a YCF1-lacZ reporter construct positively correlates with changes in YAP1 gene dosage. A set of 5' truncation derivatives of the YCF1-lacZ fusion gene identified the region from -201 to +47 as being sufficient for the yAP-1-dependent increase in expression. DNase I footprinting using a probe from this segment of the YCF1 promoter showed that bacterially-produced yAP-1 protein was capable of binding a novel DNA element we have designated the yAP-1 response element. Insertion of the yAP-1 response element upstream of a CYC1-lacZ gene fusion led to the production of beta-galactosidase in a yAP-1-dependent fashion. These data establish that an important physiological target of yAP-1 transcriptional regulation is the YCF1 structural gene.
Fibril formation in <i>in situ</i> composites of a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer in a thermoplastic matrix (1993)

Abstract Blends of a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer, Vectra B950, and a matrix of poly (phenylene ether) and a polystyrene were extruded through a capillary designed to yield a converging flow with a constant elongational rate of strain. Fibril formation of the Vectra phase, initially dispersed as spherical droplets, was studied as a function of strain rate and blend composition. It was found that for blends with low Vectra contents, i.e., small Vectra particles, or below a minimum strain rate, no fibril formation takes place. These phenomena could be explained by the balance between interfacial tension and shear stress in the flow field. The critical conditions for fibril formation, estimated from these experiments, are comparable to the literature data. Furthermore, the elongational viscosity of the blends was calculated from the pressure gradient over the capillary. The elongational viscosity was found to decrease with Vectra content, to observe power‐law behavior, and to be three orders of magnitude larger than the shear viscosity of the blends. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.