gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
N‐ and C‐terminal isoforms of arg quantified by real‐time PCR are specifically expressed in human normal and neoplastic cells, in neoplastic cell lines, and in HL‐60 cell differentiation (2005)

The human ABL2 (or ARG) gene codes for a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase is involved in translocation with the ETV6 gene in human leukemia and has an altered expression in several human carcinomas. Two isoforms of Arg with different N-termini (1A and 1B) have been described. The C-terminal domain of Arg contains two F-actin-binding sequences that perform a number of actions related to cell morphology and motility by interacting with actin filaments. We have identified different-sized specific cDNAs in hematopoietic, epithelial, nervous, and fibroblastic cells by means of the reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of human Arg mRNA. Some of these cDNAs showed an adjunctive alternative splice event involving the 63 bp sequence of exon II, thus leading to four cDNA types with different N-termini: 1A long and short, and 1B long and short. Other cDNAs lacked a 309 bp sequence in the last exon involving one of the C-terminal F-actin binding domains, thus giving rise to two cDNA types: C-termini long and short. Quantified by real-time PCR-quantitative RT-PCR-these Arg transcript isoforms have specific expression patterns not only in different normal and tumor cell types, but also during cell differentiation and growth arrest. These isoforms maintained the open reading frames, and eight putative proteins were predicted. The different C-termini isoforms seem to retain the same quantitative reciprocal ratio of their respective transcripts. The Arg protein isoforms with different C-terminal actin-binding domains and different N-termini might have specific cellular localizations/concentrations, and differently regulated catalytic activity with different implications in normal and neoplastic cells.
Multiresolution Path Planning Via Sector Decompositions Compatible to On-Board Sensor Data (2008)

Copyright © 2008 by Panagiotis Tsiotras and Efstathios Bakolas. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., with permission.
Physics of liquid crystals (1974)

This review discusses the physical properties of nematic, cholesteric, and smectic liquid crystals. Molecular theories of the liquid crystal phases are discussed and the molecular field theories of the phase transitions between the various liquid crystal phases are presented. The elastic theory and hydrodynamics of liquid crystals is developed. A wide variety of phenomena in liquid crystals, including elastic distortions, disclinations, flow properties, fluctuations, light scattering, wave propagation, nuclear magnetic resonance, effects of magnetic and electric fields, electrohydrodynamics, and optical properties, is discussed.
Room temperature photochromic liquid crystal [3H]-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans—photochromism in the mesomorphic state (2004)

Photochromic liquid crystals based on [2H]-chromenes functionalised in the 3,3[prime or minute]-positions by phenyl groups linked to 4-cyano-4[prime or minute]-hydroxybiphenyl groups via alkyl and siloxane spacers as chromophore were synthesised and the photochromic and mesomorphic behaviour was investigated.
A class of lagrangian relaxation algorithms for the multidimensional assignment problem (1995)

The focal problem for centralized multisensor/multitarget tracking is the data association problem of partitioning the observations into tracks and false alarms so that an accurate estimate of the true tracks can be recovered. Large classes of these association problems can be formulated as N-dimensional assignment problems, which are known to be NP-hard for $N\ge3.$ These assignment problems are large scale, have noisy cost coefficients due to various error sources, and must be solved in real-time. This dissertation reviews a class of Lagrangian relaxation based algorithms that are used to construct high quality suboptimal solutions for the assignment problem. Of the many possible choices available, this work introduces an implementation that iteratively constructs feasible solutions, one dimension at a time, using the enumerations provided by the solutions to $N-1$ assignment problems, $N-2$ of which are NP-hard. This algorithm resolves some of the difficulties associated with prior relaxation based approaches. Two relaxation-based local search methods are then introduced, each of which can be used to improve feasible solution quality. These new algorithms are compared to existing solvers, which include two greedy-based methods (randomized greedy and max regret), the Poore/Rijavec relaxation algorithm, branch-and-bound, two-exchange and variable depth exchange. Studies are performed for randomly generated problems and for problems that arise in tracking scenarios. The numerical results show that the new relaxation algorithm consistently provides high quality feasible solutions and excellent duality gap approximations in real-time.
Temperature tuning of the stop band in transmission spectra of liquid-crystal infiltrated synthetic opal as tunable photonic crystal (1999)

Nematic liquid crystals and smectic liquid crystals can be infiltrated into a three-dimensional periodic array of interconnected nanosize voids in opal films prepared by sedimentation of SiO2 spheres of various diameters. The optical stop band in the transmission spectra of opals shifts drastically by the infiltration of liquid crystals. The stop band is also found to shift at the phase transition points with changing temperature. This effect enables the tuning of optical properties of opals as a prototype tunable photonic crystal. This phenomenon can also be used as a measurement method for the refractive index.
Effect of finite thickness of magnetic substrate on planar inductors (1990)

The effect of finite thickness of magnetic substrate or film on the inductance of planar inductors is studied using the method of current images. The results obtained reduce to previous results in the limit of infinite thickness. It is found that the thickness and permeability play complementary roles in the enhancement of inductance, with the normalized inductance determined roughly by the product of permeability and thickness in the most interesting region of parameter space. The results derived allow determination of the required minimum thickness of the substrate which will produce maximum inductance enhancement for a given permeability of the substrate material. The same results can also be used to determine the permeability of a magnetic film or substrate quickly and are directly applicable to the design of planar inductors in cofireable ceramic, hybrid, and thin-film technologies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
587 (2012)

Introduction: Centhaquin is being developed as a small volume hypotensive resuscitative agent. It has significant resuscitative effect and improves the survival of hemorrhaged rats. However, its mechanism of action is not known. Hypothesis: Centhaquin will be an effective resuscitative agent which acts through a unique mechanism of action mediated through α2adrenergic receptors. Methods: Rats were anaesthetized with urethane and the femoral vein and artery were isolated and cannulated. A pressure transducer (SPR-320) and pressure-volume (P-V) transducer (SPR-869) were placed into the femoral artery and left ventricle, respectively. P-V loop data were acquired using PowerLab 16/30 data acquisition system (AD Instruments) and analyzed using LabChart-7.00 and PVAN program (Millar Instruments). After completion of surgery, induction of hemorrhage was initiated by withdrawing blood from the right femoral artery to maintain the mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 35 mmHg for 30 minutes. Arterial blood pO2, pCO2, pH, glucose, and lactate were measured using a blood gas analyzer (GEM Premier 3000). We determined the involvement of α2 adrenergic receptors in the resuscitative effect of centhaquin using specific α2adrenergic antagonists, yohimbine and atipamezole. Results: Hematocrit decreased by about 32 to 35% in all the groups following hemorrhage. Centhaquin (0.05 mg/kg) reduced blood lactate, improved cardiac output and blood pressure of hemorrhaged rats. The time for blood pressure to fall back to 35 mmHg was increased by three folds in centhaquin treated rats compared to vehicle. Centhaquin significantly decreased blood lactate levels (mmol/L) from 10.1 ± 0.7 at hemorrhage to 4.5 ± 0.4 at 60 min following resuscitation. However, in yohimbine treated rats blood lactate levels were10.3 ± 1.5 at hemorrhage, and 8.4 ± 0.8 at 60 min following resuscitation; while in atipamezole treated rats blood lactate levels were 10.8 ± 0.4 at hemorrhage, and 7.7 ± 1.0 at 60 min following resuscitation. Conclusions: Centhaquin is an effective resuscitative agent and both yohimbine and atipamezole antagonized the resuscitative effect of centhaquin indicating that α2 adrenergic receptors are involved in the resuscitative effect of centhaquin.
Hierarchical Nanostructure Control in Rod−Coil Block Copolymers with Magnetic Fields (2007)

Magnetic field alignment of rod-coil block copolymers is shown to proceed through coupling to the diamagnetic moment of individual rod blocks. Block copolymer self-assembly then leads to alignment of the interfaces perpendicular to the field lines and long range order on a 10 nm lengthscale. This is in contrast to previously demonstrated alignment techniques, which couple to the block copolymer interfaces rather than individual molecules. Furthermore, alignment occurs without direct physical contact to samples millimeters in size.
AN INTELLIGENT TRAFFIC CONTROLLER BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC (2013)

Traffic light plays an important role in the urban traffic management. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the traffic controller for effective traffic management and better traffic flow leading to greener environment. In this paper, an intelligent traffic light controller is proposed, utilising the fuzzy logic technology and image processing technique. A fuzzy logic control has been implemented to provide the attribute of intelligence to the system. For realtime image acquisition, the process is further linked to the fuzzy logic controller which generates a unique output for each input pattern. Here image processing and fuzzy logic tool boxes of MATLAB are used where the final output is sent to Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC) microcontroller to drive the traffic signals in the desired manner. The results obtained show an improvement of 26% in the overall outcome of traffic management as compared to the conventional traffic controller, marking great feasibility and practicality of the current model.
Replication factor-A from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is encoded by three essential genes coordinately expressed at S phase. (1991)

Replication factor-A (RF-A) is a three-subunit protein complex originally purified from human cells as an essential component for SV40 DNA replication in vitro. We have previously identified a functionally homologous three-subunit protein complex from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we report the cloning and characterization of the genes encoding RF-A from S. cerevisiae. Each of the three subunits is encoded by a single essential gene. Cells carrying null mutations in any of the three genes arrest as budded and multiply budded cells. All three genes are expressed in a cell-cycle-dependent manner; the mRNA for each subunit peaks at the G1/S-phase boundary. A comparison of protein sequences indicates that the human p34 subunit is 29% identical to the corresponding RFA2 gene product. However, expression of the human protein fails to rescue the rfa2::TRP1 disruption.
Potential of Fortified Fibrin/Hyaluronic Acid Composite Gel as a Cell Delivery Vehicle for Chondrocytes (2009)

Numerous treatment methods have been applied for use in cartilage repair, including abrasion, drilling, and microfracture. Although chondrocyte transplantation is the preferred treatment, it has some shortcomings, such as difficulty of application (large and posterior condylar regions), poor chondrocyte distribution, and potential cell leakage from the defect region. The cell delivery system of the tissue engineering technique can be used to overcome these shortcomings. We chose fibrin/hyaluronan (HA) composite gel as an effective cell delivery system to resolve these issues. Both components are derived from natural extracellular matrix. In the first trial, fortified fibrin/HA composite gels with rabbit chondrocytes were tested by implantation in nude mice. At 4 weeks, glycosaminoglycan contents in the fibrin/HA composite (0.186 +/- 0.006 mg/mg) were significantly higher than those in the presence of fibrin alone (0.153 +/- 0.017 mg/mg). As a next step, we applied the fibrin/HA composite gel to animal cartilage defects using full thickness cartilage defect rabbit models. The fibrin/HA composite gel with rabbit chondrocytes (allogenic) was implanted into the experimental group, and the control group was implanted with the fibrin/HA composite gel alone. Implanted chondrocytes with the fibrin/HA composite showed improved cartilage formation. In conclusion, the key to successful regeneration of cartilage is to provide the repair site with a sufficient supply of chondrogenic cells with a suitable delivery vehicle to ensure maximal differentiation and deposition of the proper extracellular matrix. This study suggests the feasibility of tissue-engineered cartilage formation using fibrin/HA composite gel.
Evolution of the reverse link of CDMA-based systems to support high-speed data (2003)

Development of an upcoming release of the CDMA2000 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∗</sup> family of standards is expected to focus on enhancing the reverse link (RL) operation to support high-speed packet data applications. The challenge is to design a system that yields substantial throughput gain while causing only minimal perturbations to the existing standard. We are proposing a system that evolves features already present in the CDMA2000 Release B and IS-856 (1xEV-DO) standards and reuses concepts and capabilities that have been introduced for high-speed packet data support on the forward link (FL) in Release C of the CDMA2000 standard. The RL of Release C of the CDMA2000 standard supports a relatively slow scheduled operation of this link using signaling messages. Scheduling with shorter latencies can be achieved by moving this functionality to the physical layer. Concurrently, both the FL and RL channel conditions may be tracked, and users may be scheduled based on this knowledge. To further manage the power and bandwidth cost on the FL, that is, of scheduling users' transmissions on the RL, the mobile station (MS) is permitted to operate in either a scheduled mode or an autonomous mode. A capability is provided for the MS station to switch the mode of operation. Performance impact of, and gain from, some of the system features is characterized through simulation results.
Recombinant BCG ΔureC hly+ Induces Superior Protection Over Parental BCG by Stimulating a Balanced Combination of Type 1 and Type 17 Cytokine Responses (2011)

Our findings identify a general immunologic pathway for improved vaccination strategies against TB that can also be harnessed by other vaccine candidates.
Variations in recorded acoustic gunshot waveforms generated by small firearms (2011)

Analysis of recorded acoustic gunshot signals to determine firearm waveform characteristics requires an understanding of the impulsive signal events, how the waveforms vary among different sources, and how the waveforms are affected by the environment and the recording system. This paper presents empirical results from waveforms produced by different small firearms and an analysis of their variations under different and controlled conditions. Acoustic signals were generated using multiple firearm makes and models firing different ammunition types. Simultaneous recordings from the microphones located at different distances from the source and at different azimuth angles (from the line-of-fire) were used to study source characteristics and sound propagation effects. The results indicate that recorded gunshot waveforms generally consist of multiple acoustic events, and these are observable depending on the received distance and azimuth angle. The source blast size, microphone distance, and microphone azimuth angle are the primary factors affecting the recorded muzzle blast characteristics. Ground or object reflections and ballistic shockwaves and their reflections can interfere with the muzzle blast waveform and its measurements. This experiment confirmed and quantified the wide range of correlation results between waveforms recorded from different source, microphone distance, and microphone angle configurations.
Quaternary InAlGaN quantum‐dot ultraviolet light‐emitting diode emitting at 335 nm fabricated by anti‐surfactant method (2008)

Abstract In order to realize high‐efficiency ultraviolet (UV) light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) or low threshold current UV laser diodes (LDs), group‐III nitride quantum dots (QDs) are very attractive. We fabricated quaternary InAlGaN quantum dots (QDs) using an anti‐surfactant method. The InAlGaN‐QDs were grown by low‐pressure metal‐organic chemical‐vapor deposition (MOCVD) on an InAlGaN buffer surface treated by a silicon anti‐surfactant. The lateral size and height of the self‐assemble InAlGaN QDs were 8‐18 nm and 5‐8 nm respectively as observed by the atomic force microscope (AFM). We observed intense photoluminescence (PL) from the InAlGaN QDs at room temperature (RT). We also fabricated an InAlGaN‐QD UV‐LED on a high‐quality AlN/AlGaN buffer template grown on a sapphire substrate. We obtained current injection emission of the InAlGaN‐QD UV‐LED with the wavelength of 335nm under RT CW operation. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Acquisition of<i>stcE,</i>a C1 Esterase Inhibitor–Specific Metalloprotease, during the Evolution of<i>Escherichia coli</i>O157:H7 (2003)

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a source of foodborne illness, causing diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. E. coli O157:H7 secretes, via the etp type II secretion system, a metalloprotease, StcE, that specifically cleaves the serpin C1 esterase inhibitor. We determined by hybridization techniques the prevalence of stcE and etpD, a type II secretion gene, among diarrheagenic E. coli strains. stcE and etpD are ubiquitous among the O157:H7 serotype and are found in some enteropathogenic E. coli O55:H7 strains but are absent from other diarrheagenic E. coli. stcE was acquired on a large plasmid early in the evolution of E. coli O157:H7, before the inheritance of the Shiga toxin prophage. Other plasmidborne virulence factors, such as ehxA, katP, and espP, were acquired later by the enterohemorrhagic E. coli 1 complex in a stepwise manner. These data refine the sequential model of E. coli O157:H7 evolution proposed elsewhere.
Mindfulness and Counseling Self‐Efficacy: The Mediating Role of Attention and Empathy (2009)

This study examined the predictive relationship between mindfulness and counseling self‐efficacy and the potential mediating effects of attention and empathy. Master's‐level counseling interns and doctoral counseling students ( N = 179) were surveyed to determine levels of mindfulness, attention, empathy, and counseling self‐efficacy. Pearson product‐moment correlation coefficients revealed significant pairwise relationships between the 4 variables of interest. A multiple‐mediator path analysis supported the hypotheses that mindfulness is a significant predictor of counseling self‐efficacy and that attention is a mediator of that relationship. Results suggest that mindfulness may be an important variable in the development of key counselor preparation outcomes.
Mechanism of action of the anticonvulsant felbamate: Opposing effects on <i>N</i>‐methyl‐<scp>D</scp>‐aspartate and γ‐aminobutyric acid<sub><scp>A</scp></sub> receptors (1994)

Felbamate is a promising new antiepileptic drug whose mechanism of action is unknown. In whole-cell voltage clamp recordings from cultured rat hippocampal neurons, clinically relevant concentrations of felbamate (0.1-3 mM) inhibited N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) responses and potentiated gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) responses. Single-channel recordings indicated that the effect on NMDA responses occurred via a channel blocking mechanism. Felbamate is the first anticonvulsant drug with dual actions on excitatory (NMDA) and inhibitory (GABA) brain mechanisms. This unique combination of effects could account for felbamate's broad spectrum of anticonvulsant activity in animal seizure models and its distinctive clinical efficacy and safety profile.
Cell Penetrant Inhibitors of the KDM4 and KDM5 Families of Histone Lysine Demethylases. 2. Pyrido[3,4-<i>d</i>]pyrimidin-4(3<i>H</i>)-one Derivatives (2016)

Following the discovery of cell penetrant pyridine-4-carboxylate inhibitors of the KDM4 (JMJD2) and KDM5 (JARID1) families of histone lysine demethylases (e.g., 1), further optimization led to the identification of non-carboxylate inhibitors derived from pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one. A number of exemplars such as compound 41 possess interesting activity profiles in KDM4C and KDM5C biochemical and target-specific, cellular mechanistic assays.
Connexin: a potential novel target for protecting the central nervous system? (2015)

Connexin subunits are proteins that form gap junction channels, and play an important role in communication between adjacent cells. This review article discusses the function of connexins/hemichannels/gap junctions under physiological conditions, and summarizes the findings regarding the role of connexins/hemichannels/gap junctions in the physiological and pathological mechanisms underlying central nervous system diseases such as brain ischemia, traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, epilepsy, brain and spinal cord tumor, migraine, neuroautoimmune disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like disease, spastic paraplegia and maxillofacial dysplasia. Connexins are considered to be a potential novel target for protecting the central nervous system.
GATA-1 binding sites mapped in the β-globin locus by using mammalian chIp-chip analysis (2002)

The expression of the beta-like globin genes is intricately regulated by a series of both general and tissue-restricted transcription factors. The hemapoietic lineage-specific transcription factor GATA-1 is important for erythroid differentiation and has been implicated in regulating the expression of the erythroid-specific genes including the genes of the beta-globin locus. In the human erythroleukemic K562 cell line, only one DNA region has been identified previously as a putative site of GATA-1 interaction by in vivo footprinting studies. We mapped GATA-1 binding throughout the beta-globin locus by using chIp-chip analysis of K562 cells. We found that GATA-1 binds in a region encompassing the HS2 core element, as was previously identified, and an additional region of GATA-1 binding upstream of the gammaG gene. This approach will be of general utility for mapping transcription factor binding sites within the beta-globin locus and throughout the genome.