gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Cardiac Inward Rectifier Potassium Current (IK1) by Synapse-associated Protein-97 (2010)

Synapse-associated protein-97 (SAP97) is a membrane-associated guanylate kinase scaffolding protein expressed in cardiomyocytes. SAP97 has been shown to associate and modulate voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel function. In contrast to Kv channels, little information is available on interactions involving SAP97 and inward rectifier potassium (Kir2.x) channels that underlie the classical inward rectifier current, I(K1). To investigate the functional effects of silencing SAP97 on I(K1) in adult rat ventricular myocytes, SAP97 was silenced using an adenoviral short hairpin RNA vector. Western blot analysis showed that SAP97 was silenced by approximately 85% on day 3 post-infection. Immunostaining showed that Kir2.1 and Kir2.2 co-localize with SAP97. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) results demonstrated that Kir2.x channels associate with SAP97. Voltage clamp experiments showed that silencing SAP97 reduced I(K1) whole cell density by approximately 55%. I(K1) density at -100 mV was -1.45 +/- 0.15 pA/picofarads (n = 6) in SAP97-silenced cells as compared with -3.03 +/- 0.37 pA/picofarads (n = 5) in control cells. Unitary conductance properties of I(K1) were unaffected by SAP97 silencing. The major mechanism for the reduction of I(K1) density appears to be a decrease in Kir2.x channel abundance. Furthermore, SAP97 silencing impaired I(K1) regulation by beta(1)-adrenergic receptor (beta1-AR) stimulation. In control, isoproterenol reduced I(K1) amplitude by approximately 75%, an effect that was blunted following SAP97 silencing. Our co-IP data show that beta1-AR associates with SAP97 and Kir2.1 and also that Kir2.1 co-IPs with protein kinase A and beta1-AR. SAP97 immunolocalizes with protein kinase A and beta1-AR in the cardiac myocytes. Our results suggest that in cardiac myocytes SAP97 regulates surface expression of channels underlying I(K1), as well as assembles a signaling complex involved in beta1-AR regulation of I(K1).
Preparation of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes with Prescribed Dimensions:  Template Synthesis and Sonication Cutting Approach (2002)

Aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with good crystallinity have been obtained by cutting the CNTs grown on an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by a sonication method. AAO templates were fabricated by two-step anodization of Al. After the cobalt catalyst had been electrochemically deposited at the bottom of the pores in the AAO template, CNTs were grown in a gas mixture Of 10% C2H2 and 20% H-2 in an Ar carrier gas at 650 degreesC. After the 40 min growth, CNTs grew out of pores up to 10 mum with a wide length distribution. Sonication of CNTs on the AAO template in an acetone solution cut the overgrown CNTs effectively, resulting in short multiwalled CNTs on the AAO template. We obtained CNTs with a narrow length distribution by etching the AAO template away. The formation mechanism of these cut CNTs is discussed along with their potential applications.
Antiadhesive Character of Mucin O-glycans at the Apical Surface of Corneal Epithelial Cells (2008)

These results indicate that epithelial O-glycans contribute to the antiadhesive properties of cell surface-associated mucins in corneal epithelial cells and suggest that alterations in mucin O-glycosylation are involved in the pathology of drying mucosal diseases (e.g., dry eye).
An Improved Antagonist Radiotracer for the κ-Opioid Receptor: Synthesis and Characterization of<sup>11</sup>C-LY2459989 (2014)

The novel PET radioligand (11)C-LY2459989 displayed favorable pharmacokinetic properties, a specific and KOR-selective binding profile, and high specific binding signals in vivo, thus making it a promising PET imaging agent for KOR.
Active Photosensitizers in Butter Detected by Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Multivariate Curve Resolution (2006)

In this study, fluorescence excitation and emission matrices and multivariate curve resolution (PARAFAC) were used to detect and characterize active photosensitizers spectrally in butter. Butter samples were packed under high (air) and low oxygen (<0.05%) atmospheres and exposed to violet, green, or red light. Six photosensitizers were found: riboflavin, protoporphyrin, hematoporphyrin, a chlorophyll a-like molecule, and two unidentified tetrapyrrols. By estimation of relative concentrations, we could follow how each sensitizer was photodegraded as function of wavelength, oxygen level, and time. The degradation rate of protoporphyrin, hematoporphyrin, chlorophyll a, and one of the tetrapyrrols correlated well (0.83-0.91) with the formation of sensory measured oxidation. The results suggest that mainly type I photoreactions were responsible for the degradation of photosensitizers in both high and low oxygen atmosphere. Type II photoreactions (generation of singlet oxygen) were involved in the oxidation of butter stored in air. The study shows that PARAFAC modeling of fluorescence landscapes is an excellent tool for studying photooxidation in complex systems.
Receiver performance for the North American Digital Cellular system (2002)

The performance of a simulated receiver for the ADC (American Digital Cellular) system is presented. It is shown that the TIA requirements are fulfilled for all test cases involving the equalizer. The margin to the requirements is considerably increased by using diversity. It is shown that the performance is better when there is time dispersion on the radio channel. The reason for this is the diversity gain achieved by the equalizer. The smallest margin to the requirement is consequently found for the flat fading, or nearly flat fading, case. The TIA requirements also contain performance criteria for the output data from the channel decoder. The simulation environment described was used for determining these requirements. The complexity of the signal processing in the receiver, mainly the equalizer and the channel decoder, is low enough to be implemented in a hand portable.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Genome Health Clinic and Genome Health Nutrigenomics concepts: diagnosis and nutritional treatment of genome and epigenome damage on an individual basis (2005)

The evidence of a direct link between increased genome/epigenome damage and elevated risk for adverse health outcomes during the various stages of life, such as infertility, foetal development and cancer is becoming increasingly stronger. The latter is briefly reviewed against a background of evidence indicating that genome and epigenome damage biomarkers, in the absence of overt exposure of genotoxins, are themselves sensitive indicators of deficiency in micronutrients required as cofactors or as components of DNA repair enzymes, for maintenance methylation of CpG sequences and prevention of DNA oxidation and/or uracil incorporation into DNA. The latter is illustrated with cross-sectional and dietary intervention data obtained using the micronucleus assay and other efficient biomarkers for diagnosing genome and/or epigenome instability. The concept of recommended dietary allowances for genome stability and how this could be achieved is discussed. The 'Genome Health Nutrigenomics' concept is also introduced to define and focus attention on the specialized research area of how diet impacts on genome stability and how genotype determines nutritional requirements for genome health maintenance. The review concludes with a vision for a paradigm shift in disease prevention strategy based on the diagnosis and nutritional treatment of genome/epigenome damage on an individual basis, i.e. The Genome Health Clinic.
Extended shift-rotation method for absolute interferometric testing of a spherical surface with pixel-level spatial resolution (2017)

An improved shift-rotation method for the absolute testing of spherical surfaces is developed to obtain pixel-level spatial resolution and a low noise propagation ratio. The absolute testing process includes multiple rotational tests and two lateral shifting tests with large shifts. A wavefront reconstruction algorithm based on subaperture division and least squares fitting is proposed to reconstruct the surface figure of the test optics. Numerical simulation results show that the method reveals high-frequency figures missed in the traditional Zernike-based shift-rotation method. The algorithm error is lower than 0.4%, and the noise propagation ratio can be reduced by 70% using large shifts. The absolute testing of spherical optics is carried out to verify this method. One spherical surface was tested with the presented absolute testing method and the method using a point diffraction interferometer. The difference of the measurement results based on the two methods showed that the testing uncertainty reached 0.19 nm root mean square (RMS), which indicated that the presented method has potential subnanometer testing uncertainty.
Metabolic endotoxemia and cardiovascular disease: A systematic review about potential roles of prebiotics and probiotics (2020)

Translocation of microbiome-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to the bloodstream (metabolic endotoxaemia) is associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD); however, the direction of this association is not fully understood. It has been revealed by some studies that alterations in the intestinal microbiota (dysbiosis) lead to increased intestinal permeability and translocation of LPS to the blood circulation. LPS may trigger toll-like receptor 4- (TLR-4) mediated inflammatory responses; this could lead to a chronic low-grade pro-inflammatory condition named metabolic endotoxaemia (ME), which is typically observed in CVD patients. ME is promoted by increased intestinal permeability. Moreover, dysbiosis leads to production of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a gut bacterial metabolite suggested as a new risk factor in CVD development. Probiotics, extensively reviewed for decades, are live microorganisms which, when taken in adequate amounts, have beneficial effects on the host metabolism. Prebiotics are a type of dietary fibre that act as nourishment for the good bacteria in the gut and decrease the population of pathogen bacteria that produce greater amounts of endotoxins. Although an association has been postulated between ME and CVD, the results of studies investigating the role of antibiotic therapy in preventing the disease have been inconsistent. In this review, we discuss how prebiotics and probiotics modulate gut microbiota and consequently might help with prevention and/or treatment of CVD associated with ME.
An efficient interconnect test using BIST module in a boundary-scan environment (2003)

In this paper, an efficient built-in self-test (BIST) method for applying tests is developed without collisions of the test data in three-state nets in a system. A new interconnect test algorithm in multiple boundary scan chains and a BIST module based on the new BIST method are presented. The new algorithm can be easily applied to any net configurations with high flexibility.
A selection model for automated guided vehicles (1985)

This research identifies the attributes to be considered in the selection of an automated guided vehicle (AGV). A distinction is made between automated guided vehicles (AGVs) and an automated guided vehicle system (AGVS). This research is concerned only with the selection of automated guided vehicles (AGVs). A selection model is developed which forces the user to evaluate attributes. his requirements and preferences for AGV The first step of the model allows the user to enter his specifications for AGV attributes which are applicable to his production environment. The second step in the selection model is for the user to determine 8-15 attributes to use as selection criteria. In the third phase, the user inputs his preferences and priorities with respect to the attributes chosen as selection criteria in the second step. model ranks the Based on this information, the selection AGV models in the feasible set. A description of the model and a numerical example are included. Steps 1 and 2, described above, are implemented using an R:BASE™ program. The BASIC computer language was used to perform the interrogation of the user with respect to his priorities and preferences among attributes in Step 3. The IBM PC™ is the hardware chosen for running the selection model.
Precise Excision of the CAG Tract from the Huntingtin Gene by Cas9 Nickases (2018)

Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of CAG repeats in the first exon of the huntingtin gene (<i>HTT</i>). The accumulation of polyglutamine-rich huntingtin proteins affects various cellular functions and causes selective degeneration of neurons in the striatum. Therapeutic strategies used to date to silence the expression of mutant <i>HTT</i> include antisense oligonucleotides, RNA interference-based approaches and, recently, genome editing with the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Here, we demonstrate that the CAG repeat tract can be precisely excised from the <i>HTT</i> gene with the use of the paired Cas9 nickase strategy. As a model, we used HD patient-derived fibroblasts with varied numbers of CAG repeats. The repeat excision inactivated the <i>HTT</i> gene and abrogated huntingtin synthesis in a CAG repeat length-independent manner. Because Cas9 nickases are known to be safe and specific, our approach provides an attractive treatment tool for HD that can be extended to other polyQ disorders.
Effect of center block structure on the physical and rheological properties of ABA block copolymers. Part II. Rheological properties (1977)

Abstract The effect of the chemical structure of the center block on the rheological properties of ABA block copolymers with polystyrene end blocks has been investigated. The chemical structure of the center blocks investigated in the present paper are polybutadiene, polyisoprene, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/propylene copolymer and polydimethyl‐siloxane. The chemical structure of the center block was found to have a pronounced effect on the rheological properties of the ABA block copolymer melts. The long range relaxation times of these block copolymer melts increases with increasing incompatibility between the styrene block and the center block. However, the rheological properties of the block copolymers are not influenced significantly by the glass transition or the entanglement molecular weight of the center block.
An overview of manufacturing yield and reliability modeling for semiconductor products (1999)

This paper presents an overview of yield, reliability, burn-in, cost factors, and fault coverage as practiced in the semiconductor manufacturing industry. Reliability and yield modeling can be used as a foundation for developing effective stress burn-in, which in turn can warranty high-quality semiconductor products. Yield models are described and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Both yield reliability relationships and relation models between yield and reliability are thoroughly analyzed in regard to their importance to semiconductor products.
Pesticide use and colorectal cancer risk in the agricultural health study (2007)

We investigated the relationship between agricultural pesticides and colorectal cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study. A total of 56,813 pesticide applicators with no prior history of colorectal cancer were included in this analysis. Detailed pesticide exposure and other information were obtained from self-administered questionnaires completed at the time of enrollment (1993-1997). Cancer incidence was determined through population-based cancer registries from enrollment through December 31, 2002. A total of 305 incident colorectal cancers (212 colon, 93 rectum) were diagnosed during the study period, 1993-2002. Although most of the 50 pesticides studied were not associated with colorectal cancer risk, chlorpyrifos use showed significant exposure response trend (p for trend = 0.008) for rectal cancer, rising to a 2.7-fold (95% confidence interval: 1.2-6.4) increased risk in the highest exposure category. Aldicarb was associated with a significantly increased risk of colon cancer (p for trend = 0.001), based on a small number of exposed cases, with the highest exposure category resulting in a 4.1-fold increased risk (95% confidence interval: 1.3-12.8). In contrast, dichlorophenoxyacetic acid showed a significant inverse association with colon cancer but the association was not monotonic. Our findings should be interpreted cautiously since the literature suggesting that pesticides are related to colorectal cancer is limited. Nonetheless the possibility of an association between exposure to certain pesticides and incidence of colorectal cancer among pesticide applicators deserves further evaluation.
Acute Pacing‐Induced Dyssynchronous Activation of the Left Ventricle Creates Systolic Dyssynchrony with Preserved Diastolic Synchrony (2008)

Acute dyssynchronous activation of the LV created by RVA pacing resulted in systolic dyssynchrony with preserved diastolic synchrony in pediatric patients following catheter ablation for treatment of supraventricular tachycardia. Our results suggest that systolic and diastolic dyssynchrony are not tightly coupled and may develop through separate mechanisms.
지체부자유 학생 부모의 교육 참여에 대한 역할 인식과 역할 수행 (2012)

지체부자유 학생 부모의 교육 참여에 대한 역할 인식과 수행 인식을 조사하고 인식에 따른 수행 정도를 알아보기 위해 지체부자유 학생 부모 131명에게 설문하였다. 설문을 통해 아동의 학교급, 부모의 학력에 따른 역할 인식과 수행 능력을 알아보았다. 또한 역할 인식에 대한 수행능력의 정도를 알아보았다. 연구결과 첫째, 지체부자유 학생 부모의 역할 인식에 대해서는 ``생활 습관 및 학습지도자``와 ``중재자`` 역할 인식이 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 지체부자유 학생 부모의 역할 수행 능력에 대해서는 ``중재자``와 ``지지·지원자`` 역할 수행 능력이 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 지체부자유 학생 부모의 역할 인식에 따른 수행 정도에서는 상관관계가 있었으며 역할 인식 정도에 비해서 역할 수행 정도는 낮게 나타났다.
A New Generation of Antennas for Automobile Use (1987)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new type of concealed AM/FM antenna has been designed, installed, and tested in several automobiles. The antenna is a planar slot having an annular aperture opening in a conductive film. Best reception -was achieved by locating the planar antenna in the roof area of the vehicle. Antenna radiation data indicated the slot antenna has better AM and like FM reception as compared to that of the production mast antenna. Highway listening tests in urban, rural, and fringe broadcast areas indicated similar reception characteristics. Other advantages offered by this antenna technology are reduction in damage, wind noise, weight, and aerodynamic drag as compared to that of mast antenna technology.</div>
Identification of a Novel Adhesion Molecule Involved in the Virulence of<i>Legionella pneumophila</i> (2005)

Legionella pneumophila is an intracellular bacterium, and its successful parasitism in host cells involves two reciprocal phases: transmission and intracellular replication. In this study, we sought genes that are involved in virulence by screening a genomic DNA library of an L. pneumophila strain, 80-045, with convalescent-phase sera of Legionnaires' disease patients. Three antigens that reacted exclusively with the convalescent-phase sera were isolated. One of them, which shared homology with an integrin analogue of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was named L. pneumophila adhesion molecule homologous with integrin analogue of S. cerevisiae (LaiA). The laiA gene product was involved in L. pneumophila adhesion to and invasion of the human lung alveolar epithelial cell line A549 during in vitro coculture. However, its presence did not affect multiplication of L. pneumophila within a U937 human macrophage cell line. Furthermore, after intranasal infection of A/J mice, the laiA mutant was eliminated from lungs and caused reduced mortality compared to the wild isolate. Thus, we conclude that the laiA gene encodes a virulence factor that is involved in transmission of L. pneumophila 80-045 and may play a role in Legionnaires' disease in humans.
Improvement of on-site microfluidic benzene, toluene, xylene (BTX) gas sensor loaded with nanostructured mesoporous silicate (2003)

We have developed a gas sensing microfluidic device for the detection and identification of aromatic volatile organic compound (VOC) gases, namely, benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX), which are air pollutants. We combined a nanostructured material, mesoporous silicate, as a gas concentrator and separator, and carried out spectroscopic measurement with a microfluidic device for gas identification and quantitative detection. Our method is completely different from conventional methods such as gas chromatography (GC)/mass spectrometry(MS) and provides a portable, highly sensitive and selective gas monitoring system. In this paper, we report an improvement in the performance of our BTX gas sensor that we realized by optimizing the operating conditions and by using the properties of mesoporous silicate with uniform nanosized pores. We also successfully measured mixture BTX gases separately with this device. We were able to realise better BTX separation with mesoporous silicate than with random-structured silicates. We successfully analyzed the principle behind the improvement in the gas separation owing to the characteristics of the nanosized pores of mesoporous silicate by positron annihilation spectroscopy.
Mechanisms of homocysteine neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative diseases with special reference to dementia (2006)

Mild to moderate hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. Human studies suggest that homocysteine (Hcy) plays a role in brain damage, cognitive and memory decline. Numerous studies in recent years investigated the role of Hcy as a cause of brain damage. Hcy itself or folate and vitamin B12 deficiency can cause disturbed methylation and/or redox potentials, thus promoting calcium influx, amyloid and tau protein accumulation, apoptosis, and neuronal death. The Hcy effect may also be mediated by activating the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype. Numerous neurotoxic effects of Hcy can be blocked by folate, glutamate receptor antagonists, or various antioxidants. This review describes the most important mechanisms of Hcy neurotoxicity and pharmacological agents known to reverse Hcy effects.
Effects of trypan blue on cell viability and gene expression in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (2004)

Trypan blue may lead to toxicity on cultured RPE cells as indicated by the reduction in cell viability and changes in the expression of apoptosis related and cell cycle arrest genes at higher concentrations. The application of 0.06 mg/ml trypan blue for 1 minute appeared to have no significant effect on cultured RPE.
Difference Frequency Generation of Tunable Mid-IR in Bulk Periodically Poled LiNbO3 (1995)

Coherent optical sources in the 2–5 µm range, where room temperature laser diodes are not available, are required in fiberoptic chemical sensors, high resolution spectroscopy, and remote sensing applications. Desirable source characteristics include compactness, high efficiency, narrow spectral bandwidth, wide and continuous tuning range, and fast tunability. Sources1 based on difference frequency generation (DFG) can meet all of these requirements if near-IR laser diodes are used as the pump and signal sources. In one implementation2, 50 μw of 4.3 μm radiation was generated by mixing of Ti:Al2O3 laser and a high power laser diode in AgGaS2.