gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antiidiotype Antibody against Platelet Anti-Gpiiia Contributes to the Regulation of Thrombocytopenia in HIV-1–Itp Patients (2000)

Patients with human immunodeficiency virus 1-associated immunological thrombocytopenia (HIV-1-ITP) have markedly elevated platelet-bound immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgM, and C3C4, as well as serum circulating immune complexes (CICs) composed of the same. Affinity purification of IgGs from their CICs with fixed platelets reveals high-affinity antibody (Ab) against platelet glycoprotein (GP)IIIa 49-66, which correlates inversely with their platelet count. However, sera from these patients have little to no anti-GPIIIa activity. To investigate this, we assayed serum, purified serum IgG, and CIC-Ig from these patients. This revealed approximately 150-fold greater Ab activity in purified serum IgG, and approximately 4,000-fold greater reactivity in CIC-IgG. This was shown to be associated with the presence of antiidiotype Ab2 (both IgG and IgM) sequestered in the CIC-IgG. The IgM antiidiotype was predominantly blocking Ab, as demonstrated by specificity for F(ab')(2) fragments of anti-GPIIIa 49-66 of HIV-1-ITP patients and inhibition of reactivity with peptide GPIIIa 49-66, not with a control peptide. The IgM antiidiotype was not polyreactive. Similar measurements were made in nonthrombocytopenic HIV-1-infected patients. Their serum reactivity was not measurable, but serum Ig and CIC-IgG against platelet GPIIIa 49-66 was present, although considerably lower than that found in HIV-1-ITP patients (26- and 35-fold lower, respectively). In addition, their IgM antiidiotype reactivity was 12-fold greater than that found in HIV-1-ITP patients. The IgM antiidiotype Ab titer of both cohorts correlated with in vivo platelet count (r = 0.7, P = 0. 0001, n = 32). To test the in vivo effectiveness of the IgM antiidiotype, thrombocytopenia was induced in mice with 25 microgram of affinity-purified anti-GPIIIa 49-66 (mouse GPIIIa has 83% homology with human GPIIIa and Fc receptors for human IgG1). Maximum effect was obtained at 4-6 h after intraperitoneal injection into Balb/c mice with a platelet count of approximately 30% baseline value. Preincubation of the anti-GPIIIa Ab with control IgM at molar ratios of IgM/IgG of 1:7 before intraperitoneal injection had no effect on the in vivo platelet count, whereas preincubation with patient IgM antiidiotype improved the platelet count to 50-80% of normal. Thrombocytopenia could be reversed after addition of IgM antiidiotype 4 h after induction of thrombocytopenia. Thus, CICs of HIV-1-infected patients contain IgM antiidiotype Ab against anti-GPIIIa, which appears to regulate their serum reactivity in vitro and their level of thrombocytopenia in vivo.
Replacement Dose, Metabolism, and Bioavailability of Levothyroxine in the Treatment of Hypothyroidism (1987)

A change in the formulation of the levothyroxine preparation Synthroid (Flint) in 1982 prompted us to reevaluate the replacement dose of this drug in 19 patients with hypothyroidism. The dose was titrated monthly until thyrotropin levels became normal. The mean replacement dose (+/- SD) was 112 +/- 19 micrograms per day, significantly less (P less than 0.001) than the dose of an earlier formulation--169 +/- 66 micrograms per day--used in a similar study (Stock JM, et al. N Engl J Med 1974; 290:529-33). The fractional gastrointestinal absorption of a tablet of the current formulation is 81 percent, considerably higher than the earlier estimate of 48 percent. Using high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis, we found that the current tablet contains the amount of thyroxine stated by the manufacturer. By measuring the bioavailability of the earlier type of tablet in five patients, we inferred that the strength of the previous tablet had been overestimated. In the present study, the thyrotropin levels of patients on replacement therapy returned to normal when serum triiodothyronine concentrations were not significantly different from those of controls (122 vs. 115 ng per deciliter [1.87 vs. 1.77 nmol per liter]), but when serum thyroxine levels were significantly above those of controls (11.3 vs. 8.7 micrograms per deciliter [145 vs. 112 nmol per liter], P less than 0.001). These findings suggest the possibility that in humans, serum triiodothyronine may play a more important part than serum thyroxine in regulating the serum thyrotropin concentration.
The Characterization of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Prepared by Anodic Oxidation (1993)

Aluminum is a good candidate of low resistivity metal as a gate electrode metal and a gate bus-line metal in amorphous silicon thin-film transistor of liquid crystal display. But it easily brings about hillocks and whiskers during the heat process, and causes defects. Al 2 O 3 formed on aluminum layer is expected to work as a protective layer against hillock formation. The formation of Al 2 O 3 is developed by anodic oxidation method. The electrical characteristics of Al 2 O 3 layers formed at constant DC anodic bias or constant DC current density were investigated. The optimal growth condition of Al 2 O 3 has been developed. In addition, the double-layer of Al 2 O 3 /SiN is also shown to be sufficiently protective against hillock formation.
Ultrasensitive and selective C2H5OH sensors using Rh-loaded In2O3 hollow spheres (2011)

Rh-loaded In2O3 hollow spheres with diameters of ∼2 μm were prepared by a one-pot hydrothermal reaction of aqueous solution containing indium nitrate, rhodium chloride, and glucose and subsequent heat treatment at 500 °C for 2 h. The response to 100 ppm C2H5OH (Ra/Rg, Ra: resistance in air, Rg: resistance in gas) of 1.67 at% Rh-loaded In2O3 hollow spheres was 4748, which was ∼180 times higher than that of pure In2O3 hollow spheres. Rh loading decreased the temperature for maximum gas response from 475 °C to 371 °C, which also enhanced the selectivity to C2H5OH 15.1–24.7 times and recovery speed. The ultrahigh sensitivity and selectivity to C2H5OH, the lower sensing temperature, and the reduced recovery time were attributed to electronic interactions between Rh and In2O3 and the promotion of catalytic dissociation of C2H5OH into reactive gases.
Responses to electrical and mechanical stimuli of the epithelium in earthworm giant axons identified by lucifer yellow-CH dye. (1988)

The present study shows a correlation between the evoked response and the cell where the response was recorded. The cells in question are the three giant axons, one median giant fiber (MGF) and two lateral giant fibers (LGF), and the responses were evoked by electrical and mechanical stimuli applied to the epithelial surface of an isolated neuromuscular preparation from the earthworm, Amynthas hawayanus. Extra- and intracellular responses were recorded from the ventral nerve cord and from the three giant axons. Lucifer Yellow-CH was injected into the axon simultaneously while recording intracellularly with a Dagan 8,500 high impedance bridge system. The action potentials thus evoked were conducted antero-posteriorly and postero-anteriorly in both types of giant axons. Different latencies were found between the electrically and the mechanically evoked responses and between the responses recorded from the MGF and from the LGF. These differences may be attributed to different neuronal circuits conveying these responses to both giant axons.
Diagnosis and Management of Neonatal Seizures (1998)

Part 1 Clinical significance: clinical problem problems of diagnosis and management development of a strategy for clinical management. Part 2 Incidence and epidemiology: initial considerations incidence. Part 3 Characterization and classification: early clinical investigations investigations based upon EEG-polygraphic-video monitoring classification systems analysis of the classification systems considerations of nosology characterization, classification and electroclinical correlations epileptic syndromes of the neonatal period differential diagnosis. Part 4 Pathophysiology: clinical relevance epileptic mechanisms nonepileptic mechanisms clinical identification of pathophysiology. Part 5 Aetiology: problems of identification review of aetiology factors selected aetiologic factors relationship between aetiology and seizure type determination of aetiology. Part 6 Therapy: principles of therapy phases of therapy clinically-relevant characteristics of first- and second-line AEDs initiation of therapy response of seizures to acute AED therapy treatment and long-term outcome quality of life after neonatal seizures. Part 7 Prognosis: initial considerations animal investigations of the sequelae of seizures in the developing brain clinical outcome measures clinical investigations of outcome of neonatal seizures outcome in relation to seizure type predictors of outcome. Part 8 Neonatal electroencephalography: introduction to neonatal EEG techniques of recording considerations in EEG interpretation features of the normal neonatal EEG features of the abnormal neonatal EEG electrical seizure activity the role of EEG in the clinical care of the newborn when to utilise EEG. Part 9 Electroencephalographic-polygraphic-video monitoring: introduction methodology role of monitoring in clinical management.
Honeybees Increase Clover Seed Production (1950)

One bushel of red clover seed will produce under favorable conditions-12 tons of 16 per cent protein feed, and 400 pounds of residual nitrogen; enough to produce 100 to 125 extra bushels of corn. The value of legumes to a permanent and efficient agriculture, therefore, demands an adequate annual seed supply to plant the millions of acres of cultivated crop land that depend upon legumes for the maintenance of soil productivity. Efficiency in the production of legume seeds is the keystone to ample acreages of these soil-builders.
Predicting musically induced emotions from physiological inputs: linear and neural network models (2013)

Listening to music often leads to physiological responses. Do these physiological responses contain sufficient information to infer emotion induced in the listener? The current study explores this question by attempting to predict judgments of "felt" emotion from physiological responses alone using linear and neural network models. We measured five channels of peripheral physiology from 20 participants-heart rate (HR), respiration, galvanic skin response, and activity in corrugator supercilii and zygomaticus major facial muscles. Using valence and arousal (VA) dimensions, participants rated their felt emotion after listening to each of 12 classical music excerpts. After extracting features from the five channels, we examined their correlation with VA ratings, and then performed multiple linear regression to see if a linear relationship between the physiological responses could account for the ratings. Although linear models predicted a significant amount of variance in arousal ratings, they were unable to do so with valence ratings. We then used a neural network to provide a non-linear account of the ratings. The network was trained on the mean ratings of eight of the 12 excerpts and tested on the remainder. Performance of the neural network confirms that physiological responses alone can be used to predict musically induced emotion. The non-linear model derived from the neural network was more accurate than linear models derived from multiple linear regression, particularly along the valence dimension. A secondary analysis allowed us to quantify the relative contributions of inputs to the non-linear model. The study represents a novel approach to understanding the complex relationship between physiological responses and musically induced emotion.
A Statistical Approach to Remote Physical Device Fingerprinting (2007)

The dynamic nature of the Internet allows concealment of network identity in the course of network attacks. Linear regression, applied to the problem of determining relative time drift or clock skew of a machine, is proposed to fingerprint unique machine instances. Previous work used convex hull techniques to determine clock skew; while accurate, the linear regression technique is as accurate and provides beneficial statistical byproducts that can be used to estimate population behavior, required sample size, and sample granularity. Statistical techniques are presented that were validated through several data collection experiments by using a network of nearly identical machines. A formula for determining the required sample size given initial error characteristics and desired accuracy was derived. Additionally, artificial delay was introduced to validate the performance of linear regression classification across wide area networks.
Modulation of Serotonin-Controlled Behaviors by G <sub>o</sub> in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (1995)

Seven transmembrane receptors and their associated heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) have been proposed to play a key role in modulating the activities of neurons and muscles. The physiological function of the Caenorhabditis elegans G protein Go has been genetically characterized. Mutations in the goa-1 gene, which encodes an alpha subunit of Go (G alpha o), cause behavioral defects similar to those observed in mutants that lack the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT), and goa-1 mutants are partially resistant to exogenous 5-HT. Mutant animals that lack G alpha o and transgenic animals that overexpress G alpha o [goa-1(xs) animals] have reciprocal defects in locomotion, feeding, and egg laying behaviors. In normal animals, all of these behaviors are regulated by 5-HT. These results demonstrate that the level of Go activity is a critical determinant of several C. elegans behaviors and suggest that Go mediates many of the behavioral effects of 5-HT.
[Effects of huperzine A on cholinesterase isoenzymes in plasma of mice and dogs]. (1988)

Using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). 8 and 4 cholinesterase (ChE) isoenzymes were separated from plasma of mouse and dog respectively. Huperzine A showed a higher selective inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) isoemzymes; but had little or no inhibition of butyryl cholinesterase (BuChE). TIDC exhibited strong inh ibition of AChE and BuChE isoenzymes either. Recovery rate of AChE isoenzymes inhibited by huperzine A and TIDC in dog plasma is quite the same. but the recoveries of BuChE isoenzymes inhibited by TIDC were very slow, as the recovery rate of AChE inhibited by huperzine A and TIDC in 4h were 79 and 65%, while that of BuChE were 100 and 0%, respectively. Huperzine A is very potent AChE inhibitor. TIDC has no strict selectivity to AChE and BuChE. but it combines more tightly to BuChE than to AChE.
Potential Impacts of Four-Byte AS Numbers in Partial Deployment (2007)

Inter-domain routing is suffering from the lack of identifiers for the rapidly growing number of autonomous systems (AS), and therefore the 4-byte AS number has been proposed along with the transition scenario. In a partial deployment environment, 4-byte-enabled border gateway protocol (BGP) speakers have to exchange AS path vector with the old, 2-byte-only ones, via some way of translation and tunneling. The latter does not recognize and will possible lose the information about the 4-byte AS numbers. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis in order to identify the potential risks in deploying 4-byte AS numbers. It is found that (1) the loss of the AS4_PATH attributes will disable loop detection and lead to persistent oscillation in certain configuration; (2) AS_PATH-based match and COMMUNITY-based control may be ambiguously applied, and result in policy violations. Typical examples analyzed in real experiments validate these findings. Furthermore, AS path translation adds resource consumption for the routers, and it is necessary to identify the increment to router overhead of CPU time, memory and link bandwidth. Simulation results show that increased overhead will impact the scalability of the global inter-domain routing system, substantially.
Further study of optical homogeneous effects in nanoparticle embedded liquid-crystal devices (2018)

Herein, we report the enhancement of electro-optical performances of nanoparticle embedded liquid-crystal devices in the laser speckle pattern reduction, enhancement of viewing angle, and that of color gamut by doping the nano-particles (NPs) of PγCyclodixtrin-ZrO2 (Shiraishi lab) and Aerosil R-812 (EVONIK) into the liquid crystal devices. This report will be done through updating of previous work in particular giving physical modeling based on Rayleigh–Gans optical scattering theory and effect of the rising of the effective temperature called Kobayashi temperature due to the existence of NPs in an LC medium and by conducting simulations.
Mutation of a Single Conserved Nucleotide between the Cloverleaf and Internal Ribosome Entry Site Attenuates Poliovirus Neurovirulence (2005)

The chemical synthesis of poliovirus (PV) cDNA combined with the cell-free synthesis of infectious particles yielded virus whose mouse neurovirulence was highly attenuated (J. Cello, A. V. Paul, and E. Wimmer, Science 297:1016-1018, 2002). Compared to the wild-type PV1 (Mahoney) [PV1(M)] sequence, the synthetic virus genome harbored 27 nucleotide (nt) changes deliberately introduced as genetic markers. Of the 27 nucleotide substitutions, the UA-to-GG exchanges at nucleotides 102/103, mapping to a region between the cloverleaf and the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in the 5'-nontranslated region, were found to be involved in the observed attenuation phenotype in mice. The UA/GG mutation at nt 102/103 in the synthetic PV1(M) [sPV1(M)] background conferred also a ts phenotype of replication to the virus in human neuroblastoma cells. Conversely, the exchange of GG to wild-type (wt) UA at 102/103 in an sPV1(M) background restored wt neurovirulence in CD155 transgenic (tg) mice and suppressed the ts phenotype in SK-N-MC cells. All poliovirus variants replicated well in HeLa cells at the two temperatures, regardless of the sequence at the 102/103 locus. Analyses of variants isolated from sPV(M)-infected CD155 tg mice revealed that the G(102)G(103)-to-G(102)A(103) reversion alone reestablished the neurovirulent phenotype. This suggests that a single mutation is responsible for the observed change of the neurovirulence phenotype. sPV1(M) RNA is translated in cell extracts of SK-N-MC cells with significantly lower efficiency than PV1(M) RNA or sPV1(M) RNA with a G(102)-to-A(102) reversion. These studies suggest a function for the conserved nucleotide (A(103)) located between the cloverleaf and the IRES which is important for replication of PV in the central nervous system of CD155 tg mice and in human cells of neuronal origin.
Correlation of friction, adhesion, wettability and surface chemistry after argon plasma treatment of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (1998)

The combination of wettability, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning force microscopy has been used to analyse the changes to the surface after plasma treatment of poly(ethylene terephthalate) film. Calculations on contact angle data with a combination of polar and non-polar liquids have shown that argon plasma treatment considerably enhances the work of solid-(polar) liquid adhesion and the surface free energy of the films due to the creation of acidic and basic functions on the polymer surface. In contrast, Lifshitz-van der Waals (apolar) interactions decrease slightly as a consequence of plasma-induced chain-scission. We present the first study of a plasma-treated polymer by chemical force microscopy. Plasma-modified surfaces exhibit substantially higher friction than untreated material and are more easily disrupted by the movement of the tip during scanning. Friction is reduced when methyl-functionalised tips are employed. There is a correlation, on plasma treatment, between the rapid increases in surface friction probed by lateral force microscopy and surface free energy probed by wettability and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The modified mechanical properties and polar group incorporation both result from scission of polymer chains and contribute to the lateral force contrast.
Microstructured Optical Fiber Sensors Embedded in a Laminate Composite for Smart Material Applications (2011)

Fiber Bragg gratings written in highly birefringent microstructured optical fiber with a dedicated design are embedded in a composite fiber-reinforced polymer. The Bragg peak wavelength shifts are measured under controlled axial and transversal strain and during thermal cycling of the composite sample. We obtain a sensitivity to transversal strain that exceeds values reported earlier in literature by one order of magnitude. Our results evidence the relevance of using microstructured optical fibers for structural integrity monitoring of composite material structures.
Linking Models of Polymerization and Dynamics to Predict Branched Polymer Structure and Flow (2011)

We present a predictive scheme connecting the topological structure of highly branched entangled polymers, with industrial-level complexity, to the emergent viscoelasticity of the polymer melt. The scheme is able to calculate the linear and nonlinear viscoelasticity of a stochastically branched "high-pressure free radical" polymer melt as a function of the chemical kinetics of its formation. The method combines numerical simulation of polymerization with the tube/entanglement physics of polymer dynamics extended to fully nonlinear response. We compare calculations for a series of low-density polyethylenes with experiments on structural and viscoelastic properties. The method provides a window onto the molecular processes responsible for the optimized rheology of these melts, connecting fundamental science to process in complex flow, and opens up the in silico design of new materials.
See Through Smoke: Robust Indoor Mapping with Low-cost mmWave Radar (2019)

This paper presents the design, implementation and evaluation of milliMap, a single-chip millimetre wave (mmWave) radar based indoor mapping system targetted towards low-visibility environments to assist in emergency response. A unique feature of milliMap is that it only leverages a low-cost, off-the-shelf mmWave radar, but can reconstruct a dense grid map with accuracy comparable to lidar, as well as providing semantic annotations of objects on the map. milliMap makes two key technical contributions. First, it autonomously overcomes the sparsity and multi-path noise of mmWave signals by combining cross-modal supervision from a co-located lidar during training and the strong geometric priors of indoor spaces. Second, it takes the spectral response of mmWave reflections as features to robustly identify different types of objects e.g. doors, walls etc. Extensive experiments in different indoor environments show that milliMap can achieve a map reconstruction error less than 0.2m and classify key semantics with an accuracy around 90%, whilst operating through dense smoke.
High-power (cw) in-phase locked ‘‘<i>Y</i>’’ coupled laser arrays (1986)

Buried heterostructure phased array lasers have been fabricated with ‘‘Y’’ coupling regions to produce in-phase locking. The far-field pattern corresponding to the in-phase emission of ten waveguides is stable under wide variations of operating conditions. Power outputs of up to 200 mW cw and 400 mW pulsed are obtained from a ten-element (50 μm aperture) array. By monitoring the far-field pattern under impulse excitation, the phase locking is shown to evolve in less than 300 ps.
The regulated expression of an intrabody produces a mutant phenotype in <i>Drosophila</i> (1998)

Intrabodies show great promise for controlling gene expression. As an initial attempt to evaluate the intrabody technology in Drosophila, the gene poxn was used as target. Transgenic flies harboring different anti-Poxn scFv genes integrated into various chromosomes were obtained. In one transformant, a phenocopy resembling the hypomorphic poxn-phenotype was produced in embryos and larvae following induction of expression of alpha-Poxn2 intrabody. The antisense approach was used as control. Parameters that can affect the success of intrabody technology are described.