gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic Labeling of Training Data by Vowel Recognition for Mouth Shape Recognition with Optical Sensors Embedded in Head-Mounted Display (2019)

Facial expressions enrich communication via avatars. However, in common immersive virtual reality (VR) systems, facial occlusions by head-mounted displays (HMD) lead to difficulties in capturing users' faces. In particular, the mouth plays an important role in facial expressions because it is essential for rich interaction. In this paper, we propose a technique that classifies mouth shapes into six classes using optical sensors embedded in HMD and gives labels automatically to the training dataset by vowel recognition. We experiment with five subjects to compare the recognition rates of machine learning under manual and automated labeling conditions. Results show that our method achieves average classification accuracy of 99.9% and 96.3% under manual and automated labeling conditions, respectively. These findings indicate that automated labeling is competitive relative to manual labeling, although the former's classification accuracy is slightly higher than that of the latter. Furthermore, we develop an application that reflects the mouth shape on avatars. This application blends six mouth shapes and then applies the blended mouth shapes to avatars.
Surface Deformation Models for Nonrigid 3D Shape Recovery (2007)

Three-dimensional detection and shape recovery of a nonrigid surface from video sequences require deformation models to effectively take advantage of potentially noisy image data. Here, we introduce an approach to creating such models for deformable 3D surfaces. We exploit the fact that the shape of an inextensible triangulated mesh can be parameterized in terms of a small subset of the angles between its facets. We use this set of angles to create a representative set of potential shapes, which we feed to a simple dimensionality reduction technique to produce low-dimensional 3D deformation models. We show that these models can be used to accurately model a wide range of deforming 3D surfaces from video sequences acquired under realistic conditions.
The Ballarat and Districts Electronic Prescribing Model (1999)

The 'Ballarat District eScript Project' is the first stage of a four stage project to demonstrate the benefits of electronic communication of patient medication information so that can be in the hands of those who need it, when they need it. This includes the prescriber (GP), the dispenser (pharmacist) and the patient.
Building Agents for Internet-based Supply Chain Integration (1999)

As supply chains become more and more dynamic, the problem of rapidly integrating the data sources of new suppliers i s becoming increasingly important. This paper describes the Ariadne system, which can be used to quickly provide access to data sources of new supplier and requires only that the data of the suppliers is available on the Web. Our approach does not require reengineering the individual systems to work together, which is both costly and time consuming.
Difference in Steady Shear Flow Viscosity between Polar and Nonpolar Nematic Liquid Crystals in Aromatic Polyesters Derived from VECTRA (2009)

Steady shear flow viscosities was measured for nematic liquid crystals (LCs) in the aromatic copolyesters composed of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA), 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (HNA), telephthalic acid, and biphenol whose molar contents are 0.73 − x, 0.27 − x, x, and x, respectively. Second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements showed that a SHG-active polar nematic LC formed by poly(HBA/HNA) with x = 0 is altered to a conventional nonpolar nematic LC with an increase in x more than 0.07. The shear-rate dependence of melt viscosity measured for nematic LCs of all the copolymers showed four characteristic regions; a Newtonian plateau in lowest shear-rate region 0 in addition to the well-known three regions, low-shear-rate shear-thinning region I, intermediate Newtonian plateau region II and high-shear-rate shear-thinning region III. The SHG-activity in nematic LCs reflected on the Newtonian plateau region 0. The viscosity of the SHG-active nematic LCs in this region 0 was 10 times higher than that of the non-SHG-active nematic ones. The higher viscosity of the SHG-active nematic LC was connected to the smaller domain size (or larger number of disclinations) estimated by small-angle light scattering. In the nonpolar nematic LC, many disclinations initially formed were easily annihilated because of a coalescence of two disclinations with opposite signs, whereas in the polar nematic LC, such an annihilation hardly occurred because of the polar packing symmetry.
An entropy-based model for supporting and evaluating route stability in mobile ad hoc wireless networks (2002)

We propose an entropy-based modeling framework for supporting route stability in mobile ad hoc wireless networks. The basic motivations of the proposed modeling approach stem from the commonality observed in the location uncertainty in mobile ad hoc wireless networks and the concept of entropy. The corresponding results demonstrate that the proposed approach and parameters provide an accurate and efficient method of estimating and evaluating the route stability in dynamic mobile networks.
Synthesis and Thermal Stability of Structurally Related Aromatic Schiff Bases and Acid Amides (1967)

Abstract A wide variety of structurally related Schiff base and acid amide compounds and low-molecular-weight polymers were synthesized. The comparative thermal stabilities of the products in air were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. Several of the Schiff bases prepared from aromatic diamine compounds and terephthalaldehyde exhibit unusually good resistance to decomposition by heat. The influence of chemical structure on thermal stability is shown, and the important factors that may serve as a guide for the tailor-making of high-molecular-weight polymers with superior heat resistance are discussed.
Domain-wall-motion cell with perpendicular anisotropy wire and in-plane magnetic tunneling junctions (2012)

A wire with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PA) is suitable for domain-wall-motion (DWM) cells because its critical current is small. However, it is not easy to design a cell consisting of a high magnetoresistance (MR) ratio magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) and a DWM using PA material alone. We propose a combination of a PA–DWM element and in-plane (IP) MTJ for detection. The structure can be designed in a way that reduces the write current by the use of a perpendicular layer, yet maintains a high MR ratio by the independent use of in-plane material stacks. We fabricated a cell and ran tests to determine its read and write properties. A critical write current of 700 μA and a MR ratio of 50% were achieved. These properties are almost the same as when a DWM wire and in-plane MTJ are fabricated separately, which means it is possible to design the two elements independently.
SPV (2004)

As our economy and critical infrastructure increasingly relies on the Internet, the insecurity of the underlying border gateway routing protocol (BGP) stands out as the Achilles heel. Recent misconfigurations and attacks have demonstrated the brittleness of BGP. Securing BGP has become a priority.In this paper, we focus on a viable deployment path to secure BGP. We analyze security requirements, and consider tradeoffs of mechanisms that achieve the requirements. In particular, we study how to secure BGP update messages against attacks. We design an efficient cryptographic mechanism that relies only on symmetric cryptographic primitives to guard an ASPATH from alteration, and propose the Secure Path Vector (SPV) protocol. In contrast to the previously proposed S-BGP protocol, SPV is around 22 times faster. With the current effort to secure BGP, we anticipate that SPV will contribute several alternative mechanisms to secure BGP, especially for the case of incremental deployments.
Acoustical diffraction tomography in a finite form and its computer simulations (2001)

Until now, all acoustical diffraction reconstruction algorithms are in infinite forms. All of these algorithms have disadvantages: severe limitations on scatterers or tedious calculations. In this paper, we present a new reconstruction algorithm in a finite form using the method of formal parameter, which is very simple. This new algorithm gives an exact reconstruction when the amplitude of the scattered wave is smaller than that of the incident wave everywhere. This assumption is much less restrictive than that for the first- and second-order Born approximations. Although this new algorithm is in a finite form, it is still an approximate one when the amplitude of the scattered wave is not smaller than that of the incident wave everywhere. However, it still gives a good reconstruction when the amplitude of the scattered wave is a little greater than that of the incident wave in some area. Some numerical examples have confirmed these conclusions.
Balneotherapy for osteoarthritis (2007)

We found silver level evidence (www.cochranemsk.org) concerning the beneficial effects of mineral baths compared to no treatment. Of all other balneological treatments no clear effects were found. However, the scientific evidence is weak because of the poor methodological quality and the absence of an adequate statistical analysis and data presentation. Therefore, the noted "positive findings" should be viewed with caution.
Influence of mitomycin C on endothelial monolayer regeneration in vitro (1992)

This study examines the effect of Mitomycin C, a fungal toxin which inhibits DNA synthesis, on the regeneration of partially denuded large vessel endothelium in vitro. Monolayers of bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells were treated with Mitomycin C prior to or immediately following partial denudation and were incubated in the continuing presence of Mitomycin C; the effects of this treatment on monolayer repair, cell proliferation, and other aspects of endothelial phenotype were monitored. Cell proliferation, DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis were all reduced in a dose dependent manner in treated cultures. Incubation with Mitomycin C for 48 h or longer resulted in reduced cell spreading, and rounding up and loss of cells from both intact and partially denuded cultures. Effects were less severe with lower doses and shorter incubation times. However, significant reductions in monolayer regeneration occurred within 8 h of incubation, sufficiently early to suggest that Mitomycin C may affect aspects of the regeneration process independent of cell proliferation. Polarization/spreading of cells at the denudation edge was monitored by fluorescence staining for golgi with C5-DMB-ceramide, and for centrioles with antibodies to tubulin. Centrioles and golgi rapidly reoriented to a location at the putative leading edge of control cultures. Mitomycin C treatment had no effect on centriole reorientation, but caused a significant delay in golgi localization. These results suggest that Mitomycin C inhibits endothelial monolayer regeneration by mechanisms independent of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis, perhaps by interfering with cell spreading or translocation at the wound edge.
Adamantane-based molecular glass resist for 193-nm lithography and beyond (2008)

The adamantane-based molecular glass resist were studied its functional capability for lithography process in this work. GR-5 represented adamantane-based molecular glass resist were described as compared with the conventional polymer for 193 nm lithography. Low molecular weight which is one of the features of the molecular glass resist are expected to reduce the line width roughness (LWR) and the line edge roughness (LER). We evaluated the surface roughness (Ra; arithmetic mean departures of roughness profile from the mean line) by using the atomic force microscopy (AFM) instead. GR-5 has actually lower Ra value of 0.345 nm after the exposure and the development process. As the result of the confirmation of the GR-5's performance between the refractive index (n) and transparency (T), although n value stood on over 1.8, T value was less than 30% at 193 nm wave length. It is not likely to solve the higher refractive index and the higher transparency simultaneously. Further the scope of the adamantane-based molecular glass resist to apply for the EUV lithograph was found.
Efficient mobile museum guidance system using augmented reality (2008)

We propose a mobile augmented reality (AR) system for helpful and efficient museum guidance. The system can provide not only useful information of exhibitions such as their inside view, origination, and how-to-use, but also a variety of interactions with the exhibitions. The system prototype is implemented on ultra mobile personal computer (UMPC) which is equipped with a camera, an ultrasound receiver, and a gyro sensor. The system function consists of two parts: tracking part, and event handling and visualization part. The tracking part consists of two parts again: global pose tracking part using ultrasound sensors and a gyro sensor, and local pose tracking part using a vision sensor which computes effectively the camera pose under less-controlled environments by combining edge information with feature point information of the camera images. The usefulness of the proposed system and user satisfaction are evaluated through the experimental results in various scenarios.
Topical Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Application Affects Inflammatory Response and Promotes Wound Healing (2013)

The mechanisms underlying the complex and multistage wound-healing process are not yet completely understood. One of the most important and intriguing questions remaining is the effect of the interactions between wounds and the microflora that are present in wounds. In this report, we describe the first study of the effect of treating murine skin wounds with topical bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the main exogenous ligand of Toll-like receptor 4. Our findings demonstrate that LPS treatment strongly affects the wound-healing process by accelerating the resolution of inflammation, increasing macrophage infiltration, enhancing collagen synthesis, and altering the secretion of a number of mediators that are involved in the skin regeneration process. Topical LPS treatment upregulated the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)] and CC-chemokines (CCL2/MCP-1, CCL7/MCP-3, CCL3/MIP-1α, and CCL5/RANTES), but not CXC-chemokines (CXCL2/MIP-2 and CXCL9/MIG). The secretion of growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and fibroblast growth factor 2) at the wound site was also upregulated. Taken together, these results suggest that the topical application of LPS at the wound surface affects the inflammatory process and promotes the wound healing of injured skin.
The Filtering of Internet Images Based on Detecting Erotogenic-part (2007)

The research of pornographic images has recently emerged as an active topic. Compared with several deficiencies of the previous approaches which detected by the features of skin-color only, the paper presents a novel algorithm based on the face and trunk detection. And through the recognizing the erotogenic-part in the image, we implemented the algorithm and construct a simple and fast pornographic images classifier system based on a decision tree. The extensive experiments validated that the erotic images detecting system provides a higher detection rate and much lower false positive rate than many ones before. And results of experiments on 193 pornographic and 1259 benign images show a excellent performance, i.e. the detection rate has reached 80.31%, and the false positive rate has reached 18.30%.
Identification and penicillinase testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from primary isolation cultures on modified New York City medium (1978)

The fluorescent-antibody test, rapid carbohydrate utilization test (RCUT), and a test for penicillinase production were performed on the bacterial growth from primary cultures on modified New York City medium. Of 134 gonococcal infections in men, 88.8% were diagnosed by the fluorescent-antibody test and 70.9% by the RCUT after incubation for 24 h; the corresponding figures for 75 infections in women were 86.7 and 54.7%, respectively. After incubation for 48 h, 100% of infections were diagnosed by the fluorescent-antibody test, wherease 88.8% of infected males and 86.7% of females were also diagnosed by the RCUT. Primary isolation cultures on modified New York City medium proved suitable for determining the ability of strains to produce penicillinase by a modified RCUT procedure. The method of isolation and identification by using primary cultures from modified New York City medium is both rapid and economical. The rapidity of diagnosis provided by the RCUT makes this a very useful diagnostic method, particularly in laboratories lacking immunofluorescence equipment. Since the penicillinase production test forms part of a routine identification procedure, no extra culture media or subcultures are required. The rapidity of this test should make it of value in tracing contacts of patients infected with penicillinase-producing strains.
Cyanobacterial Toxin Elimination <i>via</i> Bioaccumulation of MC-LR in Aquatic Macrophytes: An Application of the “Green Liver Concept” (2008)

Cyanobacterial blooms and their corresponding toxins are a major concern to human health when surface waters of eutrophicated lakes are the only source for drinking water supply. The aim of the study was to test effective methods for cyanotoxin elimination by using the bioaccumulation potential of aquatic macrophytes in order to reduce microcystin LR (MC-LR) concentrations from raw lake surface water before entering the drinking water plant for further processing. Laboratory assays with aquatic macrophytes were performed in order to assess the most favorable species and optimal biomass for cyanotoxin elimination, where Lemna sp., Myriophyllum sp., and Hydrilla sp. were shown to be the most efficient macrophytes. In a second phase a pilot scale pond system (e.g. replica of the outdoor pond system) was constructed to assess the toxin elimination efficiency of 5.0 g L(-1) biomass of combined macrophytes. The applied macrophytic biomass reduced an initial MC-LR concentration of 12.1 and 9.2 microg L(-1) to values below the WHO guidelines for drinking water of 1.0 microg L(-1) (MC-LR) in only three days. Applying these results in a specially constructed outdoor pond system resulted in > 84% of toxin elimination at an initial concentration of 1.1 microg L(-1) MC-LR within the raw lake water.
<title>Multiresolution video segmentation using wavelet transformation</title> (1997)

This paper describes a new fade and dissolve detection methodology that utilizes wavelet transformation. This approach takes advantage of the production aspects of video as well as mimicking human perception. Each frame of the video is first decomposed into low-resolution component and high- resolution component using wavelet transformation. The possible gradual changes are first detected with edge spectrum average (ESA) feature which is obtained from the high- resolution component, in the mean time, the changing statistics of the ESA is studied to identify fades. Double chromatic difference is applied later on the low-resolution component to identify the dissolve transitions.
Minimizing feature width in atom optically fabricated chromium nanostructures (1999)

We present a study of factors that influence the feature width of nanostructures formed by atom-optical direct-write lithography. In this process, chromium atoms travel through a standing-wave laser light field and are deposited on a surface. Due to the atom-light interaction, the atoms are focused onto the surface in the standing wave nodes, producing a pattern of parallel chromium lines with widths as small as 28 nm and a spatial period of 212.78 nm. We present calculations and measurements of feature widths representing an exploration of the effects of laser power and laser-substrate separation. Strong qualitative agreement is seen between calculations and the measurements, but the observed feature widths are uniformly larger than theoretical predictions. Experiments in which the total amount of chromium deposited is varied indicate that this difference can be attributed to chromium growth behavior.
The Effect of Phenytoin and Carbamazepine on Serum Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in Men and Women Who Have Partial Seizures with Temporal Lobe Involvement * (1986)

In a study of 16 men and 55 women with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), we found that the serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) level was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) in patients who were treated with phenytoin (mean +/- SD DHEA-S in men, 685 +/- 429 ng/ml; in women, 580 +/- 289), carbamazepine (women, 779 +/- 529), or a combination of the two drugs (men, 491 +/- 246; women, 474 +/- 284) than in age- and sex-matched untreated patients (men, 2634 +/- 418; women, 2011 +/- 1435) or in normal subjects (men, 2870 +/- 1052; women, 1764 +/- 617). DHEA-S values in the treated groups did not differ from one another. The DHEA-S levels in untreated patients with TLE did not differ significantly from those in normal subjects. TLE alone, therefore, is unlikely to account for the decrease in DHEA-S, and thus, the results suggest that the antiseizure medications are capable of reducing DHEA-S levels. These findings are important because DHEA-S levels are often measured as part of a battery of tests to assess endocrine function in conditions such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, which may be over-represented among women with TLE.
Light and electron microscopic studies on human temporal arteries with special reference to alterations related to senescence, atherosclerosis and giant cell arteritis. (1975)

Temporal artery biopsy specimens from 26 patients of various ages with and without giant cell arteritis afforded an opportunity to examine several ultrastructural features of these human muscular arteries, including senescent and atherosclerotic alterations and the fine structural pathology of temporal arteritis. The unusual pathologic features of temporal arteritis were found superimposed on the progressive accumulation of smooth muscle cells, collagen and occasional discrete intimal atherosclerotic plaques in the intima of aging arteries. Two features of giant cell arteritis were conspicuous: first, the accumulation of large numbers of histiocytes and epitheloid and giant cells at the intimal-medial junction and second, fragmentation, degeneration and dissolution of the internal elastic lamina. The close proximity of the granulomatous reaction to the degenerating lamina suggests that these two aspects of the pathologic picture are in some way related, and possible immunologic mechanisms of this relationship are discussed on the basis of the ultrastructural findings.