gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abnormalities in Neuronal Process Extension, Hippocampal Development, and the Ventricular System of L1 Knockout Mice (1999)

In humans, mutations in the L1 cell adhesion molecule are associated with a neurological syndrome termed CRASH, which includes corpus callosum agenesis, mental retardation, adducted thumbs, spasticity, and hydrocephalus. A mouse model with a null mutation in the L1 gene (Cohen et al., 1997) was analyzed for brain abnormalities by Nissl and Golgi staining and immunocytochemistry. In the motor, somatosensory, and visual cortex, many pyramidal neurons in layer V exhibited undulating apical dendrites that did not reach layer I. The hippocampus of L1 mutant mice was smaller than normal, with fewer pyramidal and granule cells. The corpus callosum of L1-minus mice was reduced in size because of the failure of many callosal axons to cross the midline. Enlarged ventricles and septal abnormalities were also features of the mutant mouse brain. Immunoperoxidase staining showed that L1 was abundant in developing neurons at embryonic day 18 (E18) in wild-type cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and corpus callosum and then declined to low levels with maturation. In the E18 cortex, L1 colocalized with microtubule-associated protein 2, a marker of dendrites and somata. These new findings suggest new roles for L1 in the mechanism of cortical dendrite differentiation, as well as in guidance of callosal axons and regulation of hippocampal development. The phenotype of the L1 mutant mouse indicates that it is a potentially valuable model for the human CRASH syndrome.
LA CASTELLA DEL LIMES HISPANUS BAJOIMPERIAL. UNA REVISIÓN CRÍTICA (1988)

Revista especializada en la publicación de trabajos originales de investigación en Prehistoria y Arqueología. Es la publicación periódica más antigua de la UAM. Su enfoque abierto a cualquier temática y época pasada, hasta la más cercana, que sea objeto de la Ciencia arqueológica se abre a una decidida proyección internacional en la que quiere basar su futuro inmediato.
In/Pt ohmic contacts to GaAs (1985)

Graded heterojunction InGaAs ohmic contacts to GaAs have been prepared which show improved electrical and mechanical properties. The improvements result from the use of a thin Pt layer between the In layer and the substrate which controls the reaction of the In and the GaAs. Evidence is also offered that the InAs heterojunction regions are epitaxial.
A Modeling of Certificate Revocation and Its Application to Synthesis of Revocation Traces (2012)

One of the hardest tasks of a public key infrastructure (PKI) is to manage revocation. New communication paradigms push the revocation system to the limit and an accurate resource assessment is necessary before implementing a particular revocation distribution system. In this context, a precise modeling of certificate revocation is necessary. In this paper, we analyze empirical data from real certification authorities (CAs) to develop an accurate and rigorous model for certificate revocation. One of the key findings of our analysis is that the certificate revocation process is statistically self-similar. The proposed model is based on an autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average (ARFIMA) process. Then, using this model, we show how to build a synthetic revocation generator that can be used in simulations for resource assessment. Finally, we also show that our model produces synthetic revocation traces that are indistinguishable for practical purposes from those corresponding to actual revocations.
A chemical demonstration of the randomness of epoxidation of natural rubber (1984)

Abstract During the development of chemical methods for determining the epoxide content of epoxidised natural rubber (ENR) two methods were found to give results which were identical but which showed a progressive divergence from values obtained by absolute instrumental methods as the level of epoxidation increased. Statistical analysis of the sequence distribution of the epoxide groups, based on a random epoxidation, showed a good correlation between the value obtained by chemical analysis and the number of epoxide blocks rather than the number of epoxide groups. Two further instrumental methods for measuring the total epoxide content, using infra red spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry, were developed. Analytical procedures and calibration data are supplied. A combination of one chemical and one instrumental method can thus provide the absolute level of epoxidation and indicate whether the reaction has proceeded randomly or not, a point of crucial importance in the large scale manufacture of this material.
Investigation of korean plant extracts for potential phytotherapeutic agents against B‐virus hepatitis (1995)

Abstract The present study was undertaken to identify potential phytotherapeutic agents among the aqueous extracts of 151 herbal medicinal plants of Korea. Extracts were assayed for (1) binding potency to hepatitis B‐virus surface antigen (HBsAg), and (2) inhibition of serum hepatitis B‐virus DNA polymerase activity. Of the 151 aqueous plant extracts tested, 33 demonstrated a positive precipitation reaction with HBsAg + serum, and 15 of these specifically bound HBsAg in serum as well as recombinant HBsAg (Hepavax®). Nine extracts competitively inhibited >80% of anti‐HBsAg antibody binding to Hepavax® HBsAg. Furthermore, nine of these 15 plant extracts also exhibited greater than 25%—50% inhibition of hepatitis B‐virus (HBV) DNA polymerase activity, and also significantly stimulated production of the potent cytokine, tumour necrosis factor (TNF). None of the extract concentrations used altered liver function parameters of normal rats.
Si Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors with Single‐Crystalline β ‐ SiC Emitters (1987)

The electrical characteristics of single‐crystalline grown on a Si substrate and the heterojunction system have been investigated to determine their suitability for the application to heterojunction bipolar transistors. Arsenic and phosphorus ion implantation and subsequent furnace annealing were found to provide n‐type layers with the sheet resistivity of several hundred ohm/square. The current‐voltage characteristics can be given as , where the value of n is around 1.35. Heterojunction bipolar transistors using as a wide‐gap emitter were realized for the first time and compared with previously reported Si‐based HBT's. The performance of our wide‐gap emitter becomes superior to others at large base Gummel numbers.
Extrusion cooking of a high-fibre cereal product (1986)

1. The effect of extrusion cooking of a high-fibre cereal product on digestibility of starch, fibre components and phytate in the stomach and small intestine was studied by in vivo digestion in ileostomy subjects, as well as its effect on ileostomy losses of fat, nitrogen, sodium and potassium. 2. Seven ileostomy subjects were studied during two periods (each of 4 d) while on a constant low-fibre diet supplemented with 54 g/d of a bran-gluten-starch mixture (period A) or the corresponding extruded product (period B). 3. Extrusion cooking, using mild conditions, did not change the content of starch, dietary fibre components or phytate of the bran product, but the phytase (EC 3.1.3.26) activity was lost. During the period using the extruded bran product, there was a significant increase in recovery of phytate-phosphorus (period A, 44% of intake; period B, 73% of intake). The amount of fibre components, fat, fatty acids, N, Na, K, water and the ash weight of the ileostomy contents did not differ between the two periods. Only 0.6 and 0.7% respectively of ingested starch was recovered in ileostomy contents in periods A and B, while the fibre components were almost completely recovered. 4. Extrusion cooking, using even mild conditions, may lead to a considerable impairment in the digestion of phytate, probably due to a qualitative change in phytate and a loss of phytase activity. Starch, before and after extrusion cooking, is almost completely digested in the stomach and small intestine while fibre components are digested to a very small extent.
[Burn prevention: perception of the patients and their relative ]. (2003)

This study aimed at investigating the ways to prevent burns identified by burned patients and their relatives. Data were collected at the Burns Unit of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School Clinical Hospital, University of São Paulo--Brazil by means of interviews with burned patients and their relatives. Four referees categorized data. In order to verify the existence of agreement among the referees with regard to categorization, the non-parametric correlation measure was used--Contingency Coefficient. Fifty-seven people were interviewed: 24 relatives and 33 burned patients. Of the 33 interviewed patients, 18 had suffered accidents at home. Of the 57 interviewees, 11 stated that they could not have avoided the accident causing the burn. Twenty patients and 12 relatives identified risk situations at home or at work and 13 patients and 12 relatives did not identify any types of risk situations. The relatives and patients referred to the following preventive measures for burning accidents: to be attentive to the activities that they perform and to be more careful while handling flammable products.
Experimental investigation of the google congestion control for real-time flows (2013)

Enabling real-time communication over the Internet is of ever increasing importance due to the use of Internet for audio/video communication. The RTCWeb IETF working group has been established with the goal of standardizing a set of protocols for inter-operable real-time communication among Web browsers. In this paper we experimentally evaluate the Google Congestion Control (GCC) which has been recently proposed in the RTCWeb IETF WG. By setting up a controlled testbed, we have evaluated to what extent GCC flows are able to track the available bandwidth, while minimizing queuing delays, and fairly share the bottleneck with other GCC or TCP flows. We have found that the algorithm works as expected when a GCC flow accesses the bottleneck in isolation, whereas it is not able to provide a fair bandwidth utilization when a GCC flow shares the bottleneck with either a GCC or a TCP flow.
Effects of age, gender and hyperparathyroidism on lean body mass in hemodialysis patients. (1999)

Hyperparathyroidism of hemodialysis patients is associated with osteo-dystrophy, impairment of cardiac function, of peripheral nerve conduction, of response to r-HuEPO and with decrease of lean body mass. Primary hyperparathyroidism of post-menopausal women is associated with increased fat mass (FM). The study investigated if gender varies relationship between i-PTH, and body composition, assessed by multifrequency bio-electrical impedance analysis (BIA), cardiac function, assessed by echocardiography, and anemia, in long-term hemodialysis patients. Seventy patients on long-term bicarbonate dialysis, 34 male and 36 post-menopausal female, were studied. i-PTH RIA, multifrequency BIA and Kt/V were assessed at three months intervals. i-PTH (345.88 +/- 199.58 vs. 224.26 +/- 161.62 pg/ml, p < 0.01) and FM% (39.13 +/- 10.42 vs. 30.95 +/- 5.88, p < 0.001) were both significantly higher in women vs men; BMI was not significantly different. In the total group of patients (r = 0.572, p < 0.001) and in women (r = 0.68, p < 0.001) a positive correlation was found between i-PTH and FM%, and reciprocally an inverse negative correlation with free fat mass (FFM) was observed. No significant relationship was observed in men. Decrease of blood pressure measurements and increase of left ventricular Ejection Fraction, in the comparison of beginning and end of three dialysis sessions, were significantly greater in women. Reduced FFM of women on dialysis could have also some relationship with a more close long-term adherence to dietary protein restriction. Hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure patients could share liability of bone structural abnormalities, cardiac function impairment, excitable tissue disease, and anemia. However, malnutrition, and its consequent relative decrease of lean mass, resulting from kidney disease and, possibly, from nutritional behavioral modifications, could be responsible of the multi-organ involvement of hyperparathyroidism in end-stage renal disease.
Using Web Services for WebRTC signaling interoperability (2016)

WebRTC-based applications are assumed to be based mostly on peer-to-peer communication, where an instance of the application is talking to another instance. However, this is not always the case: a WebRTC-based application communicating with a legacy VoIP device or Media Server like a Video Conference Server is also very common. The ability to make both types of communications (WebRTC to WebRTC and WebRTC to Legacy VoIP) is a differentiating factor for a WebRTC product. This paper makes a proposal on how this could be achieved on the signaling layer by leveraging an industry standard method such as the RESTful Web Services.
RETRACTED: Calcium-dependent effect of the thymic polypeptide thymopoietin on the desensitization of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. (1987)

The effects of the thymic polypeptide thymopoietin (Tpo) on the properties of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AcChoR) were investigated by patch clamp techniques on mouse C2 myotubes and by biochemical assays on AcChoR-rich membrane fragments purified from the Torpedo marmorata electric organ. At high concentrations (greater than 100 nM), Tpo inhibits the binding of cholinergic agonists to the AcChoR in a Ca2+-insensitive manner. At lower concentrations (2 nM), Tpo applied on C2 myotubes simultaneously with nondesensitizing concentrations of acetylcholine results in the appearance of long closed times separating groups of openings. This effect depends on the presence of Ca2+ in the external medium. Outside-out recordings, performed with various concentrations of EGTA in the intracellular medium, suggest that Ca2+ acts on the cytoplasmic face of the membrane after entry through acetylcholine-activated channels. Parallel studies with T. marmorata AcChoR-rich membranes show that in the presence of Ca2+ Tpo causes a decrease in the apparent equilibrium dissociation constant of the noncompetitive blocker [3H]phencyclidine, enhances, at low concentrations, the binding of [3H]acetylcholine, and also alters the binding kinetics of the fluorescent agonist 6-(5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfonamido)-n-hexanoic acid beta-(N-trimethylammonium bromide) ethyl ester to the AcChoR. It was concluded that, in the presence of Ca2+, Tpo displaces the conformational equilibrium of the AcChoR towards a high-affinity desensitized state and increases the transition rate towards the same state.
I-vector features and deep neural network modeling for language recognition. (2018)

Abstract We combine Total Variability algorithm with Deep Learning theory to complete the language recognition task. The Total Variability algorithm can compensate for the influence of differences in channels and speakers among various languages, while deep learning methods have a stronger ability of nonlinear modeling compared with traditional statistical models. In this paper, I-vector feature is extracted using Total Variability algorithm, and model training is established using fully connected neural network. Meanwhile, the dropout strategy is also used to suppress overfitting. The experimental results show that the new system outperforms the baseline system on the NIST LRE 2007 corpus.
Microcontroller based remote updating system using voice channel of cellular network (2015)

This paper presents a scheme of remote updating based on any existing cellular network. The scheme is successfully implemented on 8 bit general purpose microcontroller for quick prototyping and incorporating the remote update feature even for small applications in a cost effective manner. Existing cellular network is used to avoid the cost and hassles of creating and maintaining a dedicated network infrastructure. The updating system consists of two units. One is the central controlling unit located at a central place and the other is a remote standalone unit that is to be updated through this controlling unit as and when required. Both the units are provided with commercially available low-cost cellphones for establishing the communication during the update process. The remote unit consists of an additional updating microcontroller along with the main microcontroller. This updating microcontroller receives the code from the central unit through the cellphone attached to it and updates the main microcontroller of the remote unit. Two case studies for application of the remote updating scheme are presented in this paper. In one example, the program memory, i.e. the firmware, is updated, while in the other application, the nonvolatile EEPROM memory is updated in the main microcontroller of the remote unit through this remote updating scheme.
Dissociation of senescence-associated changes in differentiated gene expression and replicative senescence in cultured adrenocortical cells (1989)

In bovine adrenocortical cells senescing in culture, the decline in expression of cyclic AMP-inducible 17 alpha-hydroxylase in mass cultures and clones of bovine adrenocortical cells results from a decrease in the number of cells in the population capable of expressing this gene. As the population of cells decreases in proliferative potential, the fraction of the population that expresses 17 alpha-hydroxylase after induction with cyclic AMP decreases, until the population comprises entirely nonexpressing cells. We used in situ hybridization to study the relationship between the loss of the ability to replicate and the loss of expression of this differentiated function gene. Colonies of cells from early passage cultures comprised complex mosaics of expressing and nonexpressing cells, indicating a high-frequency switching event. At an individual cell level, there was a complete independence of replicative senescence and loss of 17 alpha-hydroxylase expression. Groups of cells with a morphology characteristic of replicative senescence, occurring frequently in early-passage cultures, comprised both expressing and nonexpressing cells, as did cells that appeared to be in rapid growth. This was confirmed by prior incubation of cells with bromodeoxyuridine to label cycling cells; both cycling and noncycling populations comprised mixtures of expressing and nonexpressing cells. In contrast, replication was required for the loss of 17 alpha-hydroxylase expression, since cells rendered incapable of division by treatment with mitomycin C maintained 17 alpha-hydroxylase expression over long time periods. Thus, the process that results stochastically in replicative senescence and the process that results in loss of 17 alpha-hydroxylase expression are independent, but they have similar time-courses and both require replication for phenotypic switching to take place.
Hedging quantity risks with standard power options in a competitive wholesale electricity market (2006)

Abstract This paper addresses quantity risk in the electricity market and explores several ways of managing such risk. The paper also addresses the hedging problem of a load‐serving entity, which provides electricity service at a regulated price in electricity markets with price and quantity risk. Exploiting the correlation between consumption volume and spot price of electricity, an optimal zero‐cost hedging function characterized by payoff as a function of spot price is derived. It is then illustrated how such a hedging strategy can be implemented through a portfolio of forward contracts and call and put options. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2006
Contender (2010)

Contender (or what the academic community would refer to as a light version of reinforcement learning) is a simple technique to experiment with a number of competing paths in a (commercial) spoken dialog system. By randomly routing certain portions of traffic to individual paths and computing average rewards for each of the routes, the goal is to find out which one performs best. This paper is to do away with common uncertainties on how to set up contender weights, how much data needs to be accumulated to draw reliable conclusions, and how this all relates to the notion of statistical significance.
Garbage Collection for Low Performance Variation in NAND Flash Storage Systems (2014)

In many NAND flash-memory storage systems, invalidated pages can occupy the storage space until being erased. In order to preserve sustained write performance and effective storage capacity, the flash translation layer (FTL) must recycle these pages through garbage collection (GC) operations. Many previous studies have investigated GC techniques, most of which have focused on the effective selection of victim blocks to reduce the operational overhead. However, methods to reduce the cost overhead of the victim selection process, as well as to improve the responsiveness of storage systems during GC, have not yet been explored. In this paper, therefore, we propose a novel GC mechanism, called link-based GC (LINK-GC), which provides fast victim selection and preemptive operation with small additional space overhead to existing page-mapped FTLs. In our experiments, when compared with a GC scheme based on an on-demand victim search, the proposed mechanism increases the average input-output operations per second (IOPS) by up to 15.8% and decreases the standard deviation of IOPS by up to 6.16 times. Additionally, the LINK-GC shows better performance than the existing preemptive GC techniques in terms of responsiveness to host requests.
Complications related to cement leakage in sacroplasty. (2012)

Data concerning the safety of sacroplasty in terms of cement leakage is scarce. Frequency, distribution patterns and clinical consequences of cement leakage were assessed in 33 patients (28 female, mean age: 74 +/- 10 yrs; bilateral SIF: n = 30, 63 sacroplasties) treated with sacroplasty between 06/2003 and 11/2010 in a retrospective study using patients' records, operative notes and postoperative radiographs. Cement leakage was noted within the fracture gap (27%), into veins (6%), neuroforamina (3%) or in the intervertebral disc space L5/S1 (2%). In one patient, cement leakage into the fracture gap led to unilateral radiculopathy of the 5th lumbar nerve root. Leakage into the fracture gap is at high risk of affecting the 5th lumbar nerve root due to the special course of its ventral branch over the sacral promontory. The risks of cement leakage with neurological impairment should be explained to patients.
The acceleration of solid particles subjected to cavitation nucleation (2008)

The cavity–particle dynamics at cavitation inception on the surface of spherical particles suspended in water and exposed to a strong tensile stress wave is experimentally studied with high-speed photography. Particles, which serve as nucleation sites for cavitation bubbles, are set into a fast translatory motion during the explosive growth of the cavity. They reach velocities of ~40 ms −1 and even higher. When the volume growth of the cavity slows down, the particle detaches from the cavity through a process of neck-breaking, and the particle is shot away. The experimental observations are simulated with (i) a spherical cavity model and (ii) with an axisymmetric boundary element method (BEM). The input for both models is a pressure pulse, which is obtained from the observed radial cavity dynamics during an individual experiment. The model then allows us to calculate the resulting particle trajectory. The cavity shapes obtained from the BEM calculations compare well with the photographs until neck formation occurs. In several cases we observed inception at two or more locations on a single particle. Moreover, after collapse of the primary cavity, a second inception was often observed. Finally, an example is presented to demonstrate the potential application of the cavity–particle system as a particle cannon, e.g. in the context of drug delivery into tissue.