gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of the EM algorithm for the multitarget/multisensor tracking problem (1998)

An important problem in surveillance and reconnaissance systems is the tracking of multiple moving targets in cluttered noise environments using outputs from a number of sensors possessing wide variations in individual characteristics and accuracies. A number of approaches have been proposed for this multitarget/multisensor tracking problem ranging from reasonably simple, though ad hoc, schemes to fairly complex, but theoretically optimum, approaches. In this paper, we describe an iterative procedure for time-recursive multitarget/multisensor tracking based on use of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. More specifically, we pose the multitarget/multisensor tracking problem as an incomplete data problem with the observable sensor outputs representing the incomplete data, whereas the target-associated sensor outputs constitute the complete data. Target updates at each time use an EM-based approach that calculates the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate of the target states, under the assumption of appropriate motion models, based on the outputs of disparate sensors. The approach uses a Markov random field (MRF) model of the associations between observations and targets and allows for estimation of joint association probabilities without explicit enumeration. The advantage of this EM-based approach is that it provides a computationally efficient means for approaching the performance offered by theoretically optimum approaches that use explicit enumeration of the joint association probabilities. We provide selected results illustrating the performance/complexity characteristics of this EM-based approach compared with competing schemes.
Cancer in Africa 2012 (2014)

The results are the best data currently available and provide a reasonable appraisal of the cancer situation in Africa.
Detection of protein aggregates, but not virus-like particles, when the major (L1) coat protein of a wild-type human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) is expressed in insect cells (1994)

Conference Article| August 01 1994 Detection of protein aggregates, but not virus-like particles, when the major (L1) coat protein of a wild-type human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) is expressed in insect cells JOHN CASON; JOHN CASON 1The Laboratory of Cancer Virology, Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PARMINDER K. KAMBO; PARMINDER K. KAMBO 1The Laboratory of Cancer Virology, Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar RICHARD J. JEWERS; RICHARD J. JEWERS 1The Laboratory of Cancer Virology, Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JENNIFER M. BEST JENNIFER M. BEST 1The Laboratory of Cancer Virology, Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1994) 22 (3): 335S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst022335s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation JOHN CASON, PARMINDER K. KAMBO, RICHARD J. JEWERS, JENNIFER M. BEST; Detection of protein aggregates, but not virus-like particles, when the major (L1) coat protein of a wild-type human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) is expressed in insect cells. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1994; 22 (3): 335S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst022335s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1994 Biochemical Society1994 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Characterization of a Planctomycetal Organelle: a Novel Bacterial Microcompartment for the Aerobic Degradation of Plant Saccharides (2014)

Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are organelles that encapsulate functionally linked enzymes within a proteinaceous shell. The prototypical example is the carboxysome, which functions in carbon fixation in cyanobacteria and some chemoautotrophs. It is increasingly apparent that diverse heterotrophic bacteria contain BMCs that are involved in catabolic reactions, and many of the BMCs are predicted to have novel functions. However, most of these putative organelles have not been experimentally characterized. In this study, we sought to discover the function of a conserved BMC gene cluster encoded in the majority of the sequenced planctomycete genomes. This BMC is especially notable for its relatively simple genetic composition, its remote phylogenetic position relative to characterized BMCs, and its apparent exclusivity to the enigmatic Verrucomicrobia and Planctomycetes. Members of the phylum Planctomycetes are known for their morphological dissimilarity to the rest of the bacterial domain: internal membranes, reproduction by budding, and lack of peptidoglycan. As a result, they are ripe for many discoveries, but currently the tools for genetic studies are very limited. We expanded the genetic toolbox for the planctomycetes and generated directed gene knockouts of BMC-related genes in Planctomyces limnophilus. A metabolic activity screen revealed that BMC gene products are involved in the degradation of a number of plant and algal cell wall sugars. Among these sugars, we confirmed that BMCs are formed and required for growth on l-fucose and l-rhamnose. Our results shed light on the functional diversity of BMCs as well as their ecological role in the planctomycetes, which are commonly associated with algae.
Demystifying Numenta anomaly benchmark (2017)

Detecting anomalies in large-scale, streaming datasets has wide applicability in a myriad of domains like network intrusion detection for cyber-security, fraud detection for credit cards, system health monitoring, and fault detection in safety critical systems. Due to its wide applicability, the problem of anomaly detection has been well-studied by industry and academia alike, and many algorithms have been proposed for detecting anomalies in different problem settings. But until recently, there was no openly available, systematic dataset and/or framework using which the proposed anomaly detection algorithms could be compared and evaluated on a common ground. Numenta Anomaly Benchmark (NAB), made available by Numenta <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> in 2015, addressed this gap by providing a set of openly-available, labeled data files and a common scoring system, using which different anomaly detection algorithms could be fairly evaluated and compared. In this paper, we provide an in-depth analysis of the key aspects of the NAB framework, and highlight inherent challenges therein, with the objective to provide insights about the gaps in the current framework that must be addressed so as to make it more robust and easy-to-use. Furthermore, we also provide additional evaluation of five state-of-the-art anomaly detection algorithms (including the ones proposed by Numenta) using the NAB datasets, and based on the evaluation results, we argue that the performance of these algorithms is not sufficient for practical, industry-scale applications, and must be improved upon so as to make them suitable for large-scale anomaly detection problems.
Short-circuit currents in three-phase systems (1985)

Symbols and Indices General Short-Circuit Currents, Magnitude and Time Variation Determination of Short- Circuit Currents Particular Short-Circuit Conditions Calculation of Plant and System Impedances Calculation of Short- Circuit Currents According to the Guidelines of VDE 0102 Part 1/11.71 and Part 2/11.75 Examples of the Calculation of Short- Circuit Currents Factors According to VDE 0102 and Characteristic Values for 50Hz Three-Phase Equipment Calculation of Overhead Line Impedances Calculation of Short-Circuit Currents by Means of Digital Computers Index.
High-isolation CPW MEMS shunt switches. 1. Modeling (2000)

This paper, the first of two parts, presents an electromagnetic model for membrane microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) shunt switches for microwave/millimeter-wave applications. The up-state capacitance can be accurately modeled using three-dimensional static solvers, and full-wave solvers are used to predict the current distribution and inductance of the switch. The loss in the up-state position is equivalent to the coplanar waveguide line loss and is 0.01-0.02 dB at 10-30 GHz for a 2-/spl mu/m-thick Au MEMS shunt switch. It is seen that the capacitance, inductance, and series resistance can be accurately extracted from DC-40 GHz S-parameter measurements. It is also shown that dramatic increase in the down-state isolation (20/sup +/ dB) can be achieved with the choice of the correct LC series resonant frequency of the switch. In part 2 of this paper, the equivalent capacitor-inductor-resistor model is used in the design of tuned high isolation switches at 10 and 30 GHz.
An Automatic Speech Recognition Application Framework for Highly Parallel Implementations on the GPU (2012)

Data layout, data placement, and synchronization processes are not usually part of a speech application expert's daily concerns. Yet failure to carefully take these concerns into account in a highly parallel implementation on the graphics processing units (GPUs) could mean an order of magnitude of loss in application performance. In this paper we present an application framework for parallel programming of automatic speech recognition (ASR) applications that allows a speech application expert to effectively implement speech applications on the GPU. It is an approach for crystallizing and transferring the often tacit knowledge of effective parallel programming techniques while allowing for flexible adaptation to various application usage scenarios. The application framework for parallel programming includes an application context description, a software architecture, a reference implementation, and a set of extension points for flexible customization. We describe how a speech expert can use the application framework in a parallel application design flow as well as present two case studies that illustrate the flexibility of the framework to adapt to different usage scenarios. The case studies show two examples in extending the framework to an advanced audio-only speech recognition application and an audio-visual recognition application that enables lip-reading in high noise recognition environments. The adaptation to the latter scenario also demonstrates how the ASR application framework has enabled a Matlab/Java programmer to effectively utilize a GPU to produce an implementation that achieves a 20x speedup in recognition throughput as compared to a sequential CPU implementation.
Music score alignment and computer accompaniment (2006)

By relating musical sound to musical notation, these systems generate tireless, expressive musical accompaniment to follow and sometimes learn from a live human performance.
Practical Use of O-MI/O-DF messaging standards in mobile application for IoT. Creating an open system for smart EV charging. (2017)

During the last decades the Internet has become ubiquitously available in most places of the world, which has made it possible also to implement the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. In this paradigm Internet connects devices with each other and with their users allowing the development of digital services and applications that increase the comfort level of everyday human life. Many domains are interested to exploit the IoT ecosystem, especially public administrations starting \textit{Smart City} initiatives all over the world. Cities are becoming smart in many way: smart mobility, smart buildings, smart environment and so on. However, the problem of noninteroperability in IoT exists that hinders the seamless communication between all kinds of IoT devices. Different domain specific IoT applications use different messaging standards offered by different providers. These messaging standards do not comply with each other. The Open Group published two domain-independent standards O-MI and O-DF aiming to solve this interoperability problem. In this thesis we want to describe the practical use of O-MI/O-DF standards in a mobile application for the smart city context, in particular for the Smart Mobility domain, electric vehicle (EV) charging use case. First, the overview of IoT domain and its ecosystem with attention to noninteroperability problem is made. Then the description of six messaging standards including Open Group's standards O-MI and O-DF are provided. Then the requirements for IoT messaging protocol are outlined and the comparison of all these messaging standards are made showing that the domain independent standards O-MI/O-DF are the most suitable for IoT. After that smart city context and its requirements are described for the implementation part of the thesis. In the next chapter the implementation of a mobile application using O-MI/O-DF messaging standards are described with the details of the application architecture, structure of messages and overview of the back-end part of the service.
Towards the Integration of UML- and textual Use Case Modeling. (2009)

In this paper, we present a metamodel for textual use case descriptions, structurally conforming to the UML, to specify the behavior of use cases in a flow-oriented manner. While being primarily targeted at supporting requirements engineers in creating consistent use case models, the metamodel defines a textual representation of use case behavior that is easily understandable for readers, who are unaware of the underlying metamodel. Hence, the known benefits of natural language use case descriptions are preserved. Being formalized, consistency between UML-based use case representations and their textual descriptions can be automatically ensured. With NaUTiluS we present an extensible, Eclipse-based toolkit, which offers integrated UML use case modeling support, as well as editing capabilities for their textual descriptions.
Emerging Preservation Techniques for Controlling Spoilage and Pathogenic Microorganisms in Fruit Juices (2014)

Fruit juices are important commodities in the global market providing vast possibilities for new value added products to meet consumer demand for convenience, nutrition, and health. Fruit juices are spoiled primarily due to proliferation of acid tolerant and osmophilic microflora. There is also risk of food borne microbial infections which is associated with the consumption of fruit juices. In order to reduce the incidence of outbreaks, fruit juices are preserved by various techniques. Thermal pasteurization is used commercially by fruit juice industries for the preservation of fruit juices but results in losses of essential nutrients and changes in physicochemical and organoleptic properties. Nonthermal pasteurization methods such as high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric field, and ultrasound and irradiations have also been employed in fruit juices to overcome the negative effects of thermal pasteurization. Some of these techniques have already been commercialized. Some are still in research or pilot scale. Apart from these emerging techniques, preservatives from natural sources have also shown considerable promise for use in some food products. In this review article, spoilage, pathogenic microflora, and food borne outbreaks associated with fruit juices of last two decades are given in one section. In other sections various prevention methods to control the growth of spoilage and pathogenic microflora to increase the shelf life of fruit juices are discussed.
SU‐E‐T‐220: Towards Automatic Quality Assurance of Kv‐CBCT Based IGRT Systems: A Time Series Analysis of KV‐MV Isocentre Coincidence (2011)

Purpose: Regular measurement of the coincidence of CBCT image with the MV treatment beam isocentre is an important component of quality assurance for CBCT based IGRT. In this work the coincidence of the imaging isocentre (kV‐CBCT) with the treatment isocentre measured using the EPID (MV‐EPID) has been measured over an extended period using an algorithm developed to perform the measurement automatically. Methods: The treatment isocentre was computed by analysing EPID images of the PentaGuide phantom (MODUS Medical Devices) for gantry angles of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° with collimator angles of 90° and 270°. The position of the centre of the PentaGuideˈs central air cavity was calculated relative to the radiation isocentre using the EPID images and relative to the CBCT isocentre in the CBCT images. The vector difference between these two measurements gave the coincidence of the MV radiation isocentre and kV‐CBCT image origin. Processing was performed on the development platform of the ARTISCAN software (AQUILAB, Lille, France) which utilised image processing to automate these calculations directly from the DICOM images. The software was first validated using simulated MV and CBCT images of the phantom with known offsets. Site validation was performed with the Synergy system (ELEKTA, Crawley, UK) and using the Hexapod system (ELEKTA) to offset the phantom. In addition, 10 measurements were performed on two Synergy systems over a 17 months period during site validation. Results: No deviations were observed using the simulated images, and phantom position measurements were confirmed with the offset phantom during on‐site validation with minor deviations of: absolute mean error MV and kV was 0.33 mm and 0.35 mm respectively. The distance between isocentres was less than 1 mm over the period of testing (max=0.53, mean=0.26, std=0.16). Conclusions: The algorithms developed show efficiency and reliability for automatic QA of the isocentre position.
Delayed somite formation in a quail line exhibiting myofiber hyperplasia is accompanied by delayed expression of myogenic regulatory factors and myosin heavy chain (1993)

A myofiber hyperplastic quail line P has been developed through selection for heavy body weight. Since the number of muscle fibers is determined early in development and skeletal muscle originates from somites, we compared somite formation and muscle-specific gene expression in P- and control C-line quail embryos. At 47 hours of incubation, C embryos had 18 somite pairs and P embryos had 14.3. By 72 and 120 hours, both lines appeared to be at the same stage of somite development. To determine whether the delay in the formation of the brachial somites was accompanied by alterations in muscle-specific gene expression, we conducted whole-mount in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence studies. At 47 hours of incubation, C embryos were expressing qmf1 in the first 12 somites, while in P embryos only the first 7 somites showed qmf1 activation. Delays in expression were also observed for qmf3 at 43 hours and for all three myogenic factors (qmf1, qmf2 and qmf3) at 60 hours. At 65 hours, C embryos expressed myosin heavy chain in the first 15 somite pairs and P embryos in the first 7. At 72 hours, the transient delay in somite formation had disappeared and there was no lag in myosin heavy chain expression between the lines. The phase delay in brachial somite formation, myogenic factors and myosin heavy chain expression may be associated with the observed myofiber hyperplasia in P-line quail by allowing an increase in the muscle stem cell population.
[Ultrastructure of surfactant-like multilamellar bodies in the human nose]. (2001)

The existence of surfactant-like multilamellar bodies in the human lateral nasal wall and maxillary sinus were confirmed. It is necessary to have further study for its effect in the nose both physiologically and pharmacologically.
Segmentation of subcellular compartments combining superpixel representation with Voronoi diagrams (2015)

We propose and implement a computer vision algorithm for detecting individual cells, including the ability to distinguish subcellular compartments, such as nucleus and cytoplasm. Our approach consists of three main steps: (a) cellular mass estimation, and (b) nuclei detection through superpixel representation and, (c) cytoplasm detection through nuclear narrow-band seeding, graph-based region growing and Voronoi diagrams. We test our implementation on both real and simulated cervical cell images, containing an assortment of cells and configurations that often present occlusion and/or poor contrast. Our results show both qualitative and quantitative assessment of the datasets, using a completely automated computer program. The quantitative performance presents average Dice Coefficient higher than 86 % for both training and testing sets. Index Terms — Segmentation of occluded cells,
<title>System-based intelligent control applied to electronic test generation and diagnostics using fuzzyART and genetic algorithms</title> (1997)

This paper summarizes the work that was done to explore the use a system based approach to generate test vectors for electronic systems. The process that was developed takes advantage of an unsupervised neural network algorithm Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) and a Genetic Algorithm (GA) that is combined to form an optimal control system. The GA generates a population of test patterns (individuals). Each individual is provided as timed inputs to a set of behavior based simulations representing good and faulty circuits. The response of each model is recombined in the form of an image matrix with each row representing a signature of each of the different circuits. FuzzyART provides a method of image recognition, extracting those images that are distinctly different from any other. Each individual generated by the GA is evaluated and a fitness is provided by FuzzyART by the number of neuron clusters formed. New test sequences evolve with increasing fault isolation and detection. The process is repeated until a maximum number of models have been identified and separated. A selective breading algorithm was included to reduce the need for large populations, thus increasing the speed to converge to the `best test.'