gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single Cell Analysis and Selection of Living Retrovirus Vector-corrected Mucopolysaccharidosis VII Cells Using a Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting-based Assay for Mammalian β-Glucuronidase Enzymatic Activity (1999)

Mutations in the acid beta-glucuronidase gene lead to systemic accumulation of undegraded glycosaminoglycans in lysosomes and ultimately to clinical manifestations of mucopolysaccharidosis VII (Sly disease). Gene transfer by retrovirus vectors into murine mucopolysaccharidosis VII hematopoietic stem cells or fibroblasts ameliorates glycosaminoglycan accumulation in some affected tissues. The efficacy of gene therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis VII depends on the levels of beta-glucuronidase secreted by gene-corrected cells; therefore, enrichment of transduced cells expressing high levels of enzyme prior to transplantation is desirable. We describe the development of a fluorescence-activated cell sorter-based assay for the quantitative analysis of beta-glucuronidase activity in viable cells. Murine mucopolysaccharidosis VII cells transduced with a beta-glucuronidase retroviral vector can be isolated by cell sorting on the basis of beta-glucuronidase activity and cultured for further use. In vitro analysis revealed that sorted cells have elevated levels of beta-glucuronidase activity and secrete higher levels of cross-correcting enzyme than the population from which they were sorted. Transduced fibroblasts stably expressing beta-glucuronidase after subcutaneous passage in the mucopolysaccharidosis VII mouse can be isolated by cell sorting and expanded ex vivo. A relatively high percentage of these cells maintain stable expression after secondary transplantation, yielding significantly higher levels of enzymatic activity than that generated in the primary transplant.
X-CHANGR: Changing Memristive Crossbar Mapping for Mitigating Line-Resistance Induced Accuracy Degradation in Deep Neural Networks (2019)

There is widespread interest in emerging technologies, especially resistive crossbars for accelerating Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Resistive crossbars offer a highly-parallel and efficient matrix-vector-multiplication (MVM) operation. MVM being the most dominant operation in DNNs makes crossbars ideally suited. However, various sources of device and circuit non-idealities lead to errors in the MVM output, thereby reducing DNN accuracy. Towards that end, we propose crossbar re-mapping strategies to mitigate line-resistance induced accuracy degradation in DNNs, without having to re-train the learned weights, unlike most prior works. Line-resistances degrade the voltage levels along the crossbar columns, thereby inducing more errors at the columns away from the drivers. We rank the DNN weights and kernels based on a sensitivity analysis, and re-arrange the columns such that the most sensitive kernels are mapped closer to the drivers, thereby minimizing the impact of errors on the overall accuracy. We propose two algorithms $-$ static remapping strategy (SRS) and dynamic remapping strategy (DRS), to optimize the crossbar re-arrangement of a pre-trained DNN. We demonstrate the benefits of our approach on a standard VGG16 network trained using CIFAR10 dataset. Our results show that SRS and DRS limit the accuracy degradation to 2.9\% and 2.1\%, respectively, compared to a 5.6\% drop from an as it is mapping of weights and kernels to crossbars. We believe this work brings an additional aspect for optimization, which can be used in tandem with existing mitigation techniques, such as in-situ compensation, technology aware training and re-training approaches, to enhance system performance.
World Public Debt and Real Interest Rates (1995)

Real interest rates appear to have risen in virtually all industrialized countries relative to levels that prevailed in the 1960s and 1970s. There is increasing concern that this may reflect higher public debt, which is crowding out private sector activity. Over the last two decades, there has also been increasing international capital market integration. This suggests that interest rates in any country may be sensitive to global fiscal developments. This paper estimates the effects of aggregate fiscal developments in the industrialized world on real interest rates in nine industrial countries. The results imply that the increase in OECD-wide government debt since the late 1970s was a major factor explaining the rise in real interest rates.
Fruit Quality Characteristics of Transgenic Tomato Fruit with Altered Polygalacturonase Activity (1991)

We have analyzed the quality and composition of transgenic tomato fruit (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivar Ailsa Craig modified by the expression of antisense RNA to polygalacturonase (PG). Tomato plants with <1% of normal PG activity in the fruit were grown under commercial glasshouse conditions and shown to have reduced levels of PG activity throughout ripening compared with untransformed lines. The firmness of fruit, as measured by vertical compression throughout ripening, was not altered in the transgenic samples when compared with controls. However, storage life and ability to withstand transport without damage were improved in the transgenic tomatoes. Tomato juice made from the PG antisense fruit by a cold-break method had significantly higher consistency (distance flowed per unit time) than juice from control fruit.
A Study on Energy Harvesting Through the Use of Electromagnetic Dampers in Motion Control Schemes (2010)

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2010.
Tissue Engineering of Articular Cartilage under the Influence of Collagen I/III Membranes and Low Oxygen Tension (2004)

The objective of this study was to study the matrix production and phenotype stability of articular chondrocytes cultured on collagen I/III membranes (CM) under the influence of low oxygen tension (PO2). Primary bovine and osteoarthritic human chondrocytes were cultured for 2 weeks under 5–21% PO2 on CM, in alginate, or as monolayers. Dedifferentiated cells were produced by 2-week monolayer culture under 21% PO2. Collagen (Coll) type II and I expression was demonstrated immunohistochemically, by Western blotting (Coll II), and by semiquantitative RT-PCR; proteoglycan synthesis was demonstrated histochemically (toluidine blue); and biosynthetic activity was indicated by radiolabel incorporation ([3H]proline and [35S]sulfate). Bovine chondrocytes on CM showed an increase in Coll II expression and proteoglycan synthesis under low PO2 conditions, whereas Coll I decreased. This oxygen-dependent phenotype-stabilizing effect was even more pronounced in alginate cultures. Biosynthesis of bovine and human chondrocytes was also increased by low PO2, except for proline incorporation, which decreased in bovine CM cultures (low-oxygen effects were significantly higher in alginate than in CM cultures). Dedifferentiated chondrocytes reexpressed Coll II protein when cultured under low PO2 on CM or in alginate only, but not under high PO2 or in monolayer culture. We conclude that CM and, even more, alginate foster phenotype stability and cartilage-specific matrix production of bovine chondrocytes, especially when cultured under in vivo-like oxygen conditions.
Correlation of DNA methylation levels in blood and saliva DNA in young girls of the LEGACY Girls study (2014)

Many epidemiologic studies of environmental exposures and disease susceptibility measure DNA methylation in white blood cells (WBC). Some studies are also starting to use saliva DNA as it is usually more readily available in large epidemiologic studies. However, little is known about the correlation of methylation between WBC and saliva DNA. We examined DNA methylation in three repetitive elements, Sat2, Alu, and LINE-1, and in four CpG sites, including AHRR (cg23576855, cg05575921), cg05951221 at 2q37.1, and cg11924019 at CYP1A1, in 57 girls aged 6-15 years with blood and saliva collected on the same day. We measured all DNA methylation markers by bisulfite-pyrosequencing, except for Sat2 and Alu, which were measured by the MethyLight assay. Methylation levels measured in saliva DNA were lower than those in WBC DNA, with differences ranging from 2.8% for Alu to 14.1% for cg05575921. Methylation levels for the three repetitive elements measured in saliva DNA were all positively correlated with those in WBC DNA. However, there was a wide range in the Spearman correlations, with the smallest correlation found for Alu (0.24) and the strongest correlation found for LINE-1 (0.73). Spearman correlations for cg05575921, cg05951221, and cg11924019 were 0.33, 0.42, and 0.79, respectively. If these findings are replicated in larger studies, they suggest that, for selected methylation markers (e.g., LINE-1), methylation levels may be highly correlated between blood and saliva, while for others methylation markers, the levels may be more tissue specific. Thus, in studies that differ by DNA source, each interrogated site should be separately examined in order to evaluate the correlation in DNA methylation levels across DNA sources.
THE CHROMOSOME ORGANIZATION OF GENES AND SOME TYPES OF EXTRAGENIC DNA IN ALLIUM (2012)

We have studied the physical organization of genes and non-coding DNA in two Allium species, A. cepa and A. fistulosum. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) clones and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of gene fragments obtained with primers designed for the gene sequences available in the public GenBank were physically mapped onto chromosomes using a Tyr-FISH technique. The allinase and lacrymatory factor synthase (LFS) genes that encoded enzymes operating in one metabolic way were cloned sequences and physically mapped onto A. cepa and A. fistulosum chromosomes. The alliinase gene probe (1100 bp) hybridized to the distal region of the long arm of chromosome 4 of A. cepa. The LFS gene probe (550 bp) hybridized to the proximal region of the long arm of chromosome 5 in both species. Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) that are located between SSR loci were used for chromosomal location of microsatellites in A. fistulosum using common FISH. The chromosomal organization of the Tyl-copia group retrotransposons were investigated in A. fistulosum. Dispersed hybridization of the probe along the chromosome arms apart from telomeric ends was detected. Chromosomal distribution of DNA methylation pattern in A. fistulosum L. was studied using a specific antibodies against 5-methylcytosine (anti-5mC). Highly methylated distal regions in all chromosomes were found. Differences in the methylation level between corresponding regions of homologue chromosomes were shown. We describe recent progress in exploiting the ultrasensitive Tyr-FISH technique for development of visual gene maps for chromosomes of A. cepa and A. fistulosum. The results on the chromosomal location of individual genetic loci aided in assembling physical and genetic maps. We related the physical organization of expressed genes to the contrasting patterns of chiasma distribution and to the organization of repetitive DNA family and highly methylated DNA in these two Allium species. INTRODUCTION A half century ago we learned that higher eukaryotic organisms possess much more DNA in their genome than they likely need for genetic information (MacLean, 1973). In onion, the difference between gene fraction (3-5% of the genome) and extragenic DNA fraction (93-97%) is extremely high (Flavell et al., 1974; Stack and Comings, 1979). Onion has one of the largest genomes among monocots (16 415 Mbp per 1C nucleus). The extraordinary huge genome of onion delays the construction of genomic resources for this economically important crop. Onion is used in every home, daily. Onion is the second most valued vegetable crop (FAO, 2010). In Russia in 2010, onion was cultivated on 88,000 ha with total onion production mounted 1,536,300 tons (FAO, 2010). The best way to get a comprehensive insight into chromosome organization of genes and extragenic DNA is the genome sequencing of species. With the development of second generation sequencing techniques that are capable of sequencing thousands of a Corresponding author. Proc. 6 IS on Edible Alliaceae
Identification, DNA sequence, and distribution of IS981, a new, high-copy-number insertion sequence in lactococci (1991)

An insertion in the lactococcal plasmid pGBK17, which inactivated the gene(s) encoding resistance to the prolate-headed phage c2, was cloned, sequenced, and identified as a new lactococcal insertion sequence (IS). IS981 was 1,222 bp in size and contained two open reading frames, one large enough to encode a transposase. IS981 ended in imperfect inverted repeats of 26 of 40 bp and generated a 5-bp direct repeat of target DNA at the site of insertion. IS981 was present on the chromosome of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis LM0230 from where it transposed to pGBK17 during transformation. Twenty-three strains of lactococci examined for the presence of IS981 by Southern hybridization showed 4 to 26 copies per genome, with L. lactis subsp. cremoris strains containing the highest number of copies. Comparison of the DNA sequence and the amino acid sequence of the long open reading frame to other known sequences showed that IS981 is related to a family of IS elements that includes IS2, IS3, IS51, IS150, IS600, IS629, IS861, IS904, and ISL1.
The Effect of Alternatives to Formocresol on Antigenicity of Proteins (1985)

As part of an overall evaluation of possible substitutes for the pulpotomy agent formocresol, this study was initiated to compare the antigenicity of the reaction products of protein with formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, or dimethylsuberimidate (DMS). Rabbits were injected with rabbit serum albumin (RSA) which had been treated with one of the following solutions: phosphate-buffered saline, 2% glutaraldehyde, 4% formaldehyde, or 2% DMS. The antisera from the rabbits were analyzed for elicited antibodies by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and in a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) assay using a spot technique on nitrocellulose paper. These assays demonstrated that DMS-treated RSA was the most antigenic of the reaction products tested. The least provocative was the glutaraldehyde-treated RSA; the reaction product of formaldehyde was intermediate. Our findings suggest that if non-immunogenicity of a pulpotomy agent is a desirable property, then DMS does not meet the criteria of an alternative pulp fixative. In contrast, the relatively low antigenicity of glutaraldehyde reinforces other favorable findings which support its use clinically.
[Clinical test of two toothpastes of different composition]. (1989)

In two series of clinical tests, the effect of two toothpastes of differing formulation were examined in respect of their plaque removal efficiency and their influence on inflammatory reactions of the periodontal margin. The remarkable improvements in the oral health of a group of "non-dentists" compared to "dentists" are certainly attributable to personal motivation and instruction on oral hygiene with brush and toothpaste, but also to the formulation of the paste which may have influenced these results.
The Effective Surface Recombination of a Germaniun Surface with a Floating Barrier (1955)

The effect of heavily doped (alloyed) p-type and n-type surface layers on n-type base, and of metallic plating on n-type base, on the surface recombination velocity s has been computed on the basis of one-dimensional junction theory. The results indicate that s should be of the order 1 cm/sec for the heavily doped surfaces, and several thousand cm/sec for the electroplated surface. The low s comes about for the same reason that the injection efficiency of alloy junctions is high; the alloy junction is a very efficient emitter of minority carriers into the base and a poor acceptor of majority carriers from the base because of the high doping level in the alloyed region. Since recombination in the surface layer of minority carriers from the base requires both majority and minority carriers, the restriction of the flow of either reduces the surface recombination. However, measurements of s by diffusion and pulse methods on alloy junction surfaces indicate that their apparent recombination is almost the same as adjacent untreated surface, e.g., 300-500 cm/sec. It is shown that lateral current flow, due to minority carrier gradients parallel to the junction interface, and neglected in one-dimensional theory, gives rise to circulating currents which translate the minority carriers to the nearest high recombination surface. This hole translation property of the floating p-layer is used to explain the erroneously high lifetimes often observed by diffusion measurements on silicon and p-type germanium, and certain discrepancies in effective life measurement on completed transistors.
Tight-Binding Parametrization for Photonic Band Gap Materials (1998)

The idea of the linear combination of atomic orbitals method, well known from the study of electrons, is extended to the classical wave case. The Mie resonances of the isolated scatterer in the classical wave case are analogous to the atomic orbitals in the electronic case. The matrix elements of the two-dimensional tight-binding (TB) Hamiltonian are obtained by fitting to ab initio results. The transferability of the TB model is tested by reproducing accurately the band structure of different 2D lattices, with and without defects, and at two different dielectric contrasts.
Microdissection of Spatially Identified Single Nuclei in a Solid Tumor for Single Cell Whole Genome Sequencing (2012)

The relative spatial distribution of cells in a solid tumor contributes to development of malignancy, yet the details of this process remain poorly understood. To elucidate these mechanisms, the ability to extract and analyze the entire DNA content of individual cells whose precise location in the tumor is known is required, yet such methodology has not yet been described. Here we detail a procedure to directly extract complete individual nuclei from fixed-frozen tissue sections using through-focus analysis coupled with laser microdissection, followed by whole genome amplification. We show that this technique is suitable for routine evaluation of genomic variation such as SNP analyses of the specifically selected nuclei. Our method should provide a means for whole genome variation studies of single cells from spatially defined positions within tumor tissues.
Ovarian Preservation by GnRH Agonists during Chemotherapy: A Meta-Analysis (2009)

Based on the available studies, GnRHa appear to improve ovarian function and the ability to achieve pregnancy following chemotherapy. Several randomized trials are underway to define the role and mechanism of GnRHa in ovarian function preservation. In the meantime, premenopausal women facing chemotherapy should be counseled about ovarian preservation options, including the use of GnRHa therapy.
THE CLASSIFIED ADS (1983)

5 00 for others.Late job notices are $10.00 per line for members, $12 00 for others.Organizations subm itting ads will be charged according to their m embership status.Te le ph on e :
Association of low serum concentration of bilirubin with increased risk of coronary artery disease (1994)

We examined serum bilirubin and various liver-function enzymes as possible risk factors for angiographically documented coronary artery disease (CAD). The studies involved a "training" set of 619 men for whom complete data on all risk factors considered were available, and a "test" set of 258 men for whom some risk factor data were not available. In both study groups, the liver enzymes were not related to CAD; however, In[total bilirubin] was inversely and statistically significantly related to the presence of CAD, both univariately and multivariately after adjustment for the established risk factors of age, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking history, and systolic blood pressure. A 50% decrease in total bilirubin was associated with a 47% increase in the odds of being in a more severe CAD category. Our data suggest that serum bilirubin is an inverse and independent risk factor for CAD, with an association equivalent in degree to that of systolic blood pressure.
Alu distribution and mutation types of cancer genes (2011)

The study resulted in several novel findings worthy of further investigation. They include: (1) Recessive cancer genes (tumor suppressor genes) are enriched with Alu elements (p < 0.01) compared to dominant cancer genes (oncogenes) and the entire set of genes in the human genome; (2) Alu-related genomic features can be used to cluster cancer genes into biological meaningful groups; (3) The retention of exon Alus has been restricted in the human genome development, and an upper limit to the chromosome-level exon Alu densities is suggested by the distribution profile; (4) For the genes with at least one intron Alu repeat in individual chromosomes, the intron Alu densities can be well fitted by a Gamma distribution; (5) The effect of the 5'-TTAAAA motif on Alu densities varies across different chromosomes.
Prodrug Forms of <i>N</i>-[(4-Deoxy-4-amino-10-methyl)pteroyl]glutamate-γ-[ψP(O)(OH)]-glutarate, a Potent Inhibitor of Folylpoly-γ-glutamate Synthetase: Synthesis and Hydrolytic Stability (2005)

Ester prodrugs of the phosphinate pseudopeptide N-[(4-deoxy-4-amino-10-methyl)pteroyl]glutamate-gamma-[psiP(O)(OH)]-glutarate (1a) were synthesized. H-phosphinic acids derived from N-Cbz vinyl glycine esters were converted to the desired pseudopeptides by Michael addition to alpha-methyleneglutarate esters. Pivaloyloxymethyl (POM) ester moieties were incorporated in both the N-terminal and C-terminal fragments prior to formation of either C-P bond. N-Alkylation of the corresponding amides derived from p-(N-methyl)aminobenzoic acid with 2,4-diamino-6-(bromomethyl)pteridine gave the target compounds. POM esters of methotrexate and the corresponding gamma-glutamyl conjugate were also synthesized using the same strategy. All prodrugs were evaluated in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Although the pseudopeptide prodrugs were ineffective, prodrugs of methotrexate and the corresponding gamma-glutamyl conjugate were equipotent with the parent compounds. Stability of the prodrugs was investigated in both phosphate buffer and cell line medium to provide a rationale for the observed biological data.