gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sobre el imaginario tecnológico y la Sabiduría Oriental (2013)

El imaginario tecnologico ha venido teorizando sobre un numero de realidades en nuestras sociedades que han priorizado diversos aspectos cientificos sin que haya habido un necesario enfrentamiento con otros conceptos, aparentemente opuestos, como el de sabiduria oriental. A pesar de que autores como F. Capra han intentado subsanar este hecho con obras como El Tao de la fisica (1975), todavia queda mucho por hacer por acercar los ideales cientificos y los principios misticos orientales. Este estudio es una breve reflexion sobre dicha problematica.
A Companded One-Bit Coder for Television Transmission (1969)

We compand a one-bit coder by increasing its step size when a string of equal bits is detected in the transmitted code. To code and decode each string we use a weight sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5… 5, the weight returns to unity when the string ends. Stability considerations restrict the choice of weights but those proposed give adequate stability as well as improve the signal-to-noise ratio about 5 dB. The weighted coder has a wide tolerance to changes of input, so that a ±3 dB change from the design value is hardly visible to most observers. Matching weights at the transmitter and receiver is uncritical because mismatches appear as small changes of contrast rather than as noise. The circuit is easily implemented because it is tolerant to changes of component values. There is a description of an experimental coder and decoder, together with subjective and objective measures of performance. Signal-to-noise ratios of 50 dB are reported.
Bayesian regularization BP Neural Network model for predicting oil-gas drilling cost (2011)

Oil-gas drilling cost is an important indicator which reflects the economic benefit of oilfield enterprise. Following taking the characteristics of oil-gas drilling cost which belongs to subsidiary of CNPC (China National Petroleum Corporation) into account, determinants concerning oil-gas drilling cost are identified. Bayesian Regularization Back Propagation Neural Network (BRBPNN) is proposed to predict oil-gas drilling cost. Through comparing with Levenberg-Marquardt Back Propagation, Momentum Back Propagation, Variable Learning Rate Back Propagation models in terms of prediction precision, convergence rate and generalization ability, the results exhibit that BRBPNN has better comprehensive performances. Meanwhile, results also exhibit that BRBP model has the automated regularization parameter selection capability and may ensure the excellent adaptability and robustness. Thus, this study lays the foundation for the application of BRBPNN in the analysis of oil-gas drilling cost prediction.
Preparation and Properties of Refractory Cerium Sulfides<sup>1a</sup> (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Properties of Refractory Cerium Sulfides1aE. D. Eastman, Leo Brewer, LeRoy A. Bromley, Paul W. Gilles, and Norman L. LofgrenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 5, 2248–2250Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01161a102https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01161a102research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views368Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phase I Trial of Cixutumumab Combined with Temsirolimus in Patients with Advanced Cancer (2011)

Temsirolimus combined with cixutumumab was well tolerated. We are currently enrolling expansion cohorts at the MTD for Ewing's sarcoma and adrenocortical carcinoma.
Bone Regeneration by the Combined Use of Tetrapod-Shaped Calcium Phosphate Granules with Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor-Binding Ion Complex Gel in Canine Segmental Radial Defects (2014)

The effect of tetrapod-shaped alpha tricalcium phosphate granules (Tetrabones(®) [TB]) in combination with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-binding ion complex gel (f-IC gel) on bone defect repair was examined. Bilateral segmental defects 20-mm long were created in the radius of 5 dogs, stabilized with a plate and screws and implanted with 1 of the following: TB (TB group), TB and bFGF solution (TB/f group), and TB and f-IC gel (TB/f-IC group). Dogs were euthanized 4 weeks after surgery. Radiographs showed well-placed TB granules in the defects and equal osseous callus formation in all the groups. Histomorphometry revealed that the number of vessels and volume of new bone in the TB/f-IC group were significantly higher than those in the other groups. However, no significant differences in neovascularization and new bone formation were observed between the TB/f and TB groups. Furthermore, no significant difference in the lamellar bone volume or rate of mineral apposition was observed among groups. These results suggest that increased bone formation might have been because of the promotion of neovascularization by the f-IC gel. Therefore, the combinatorial method may provide a suitable scaffold for bone regeneration in large segmental long bone defects.
Phase Equilibria in the Alkali Fluoride‐Uranium Tetrafluoride Fused Salt Systems: III, The System NaF–LiF–UF <sub>4</sub> (1959)

The phase equilibrium diagram of the ternary system NaF–LiF–UF 4 described in this paper is based on evidence from thermal analysis and from microscopic and X‐ray analyses of samples obtained from thermal gradient quenching experiments. Temperature‐composition relations were established through the temperature interval between the liquidus and a lower limit of about 300°C. All the stable compounds in the binary systems LiF–UF 4 and NaF‐UF 4 , (including the subsolidus compound NaF·2UF 4 ) display primary phase fields in the ternary system. No ternary compounds of NaF–LiF–UF 4 occur. The following eutectics are to be found in the ternary system: 60 NaF, 21 LiF, 19 mole % UF 4 , 480°C.; 35 NaF, 37 LiF, 28 mole % UF 4 , 480°C.; 24.3 NaF, 43.5 LiF, 32.2 mole % UF 4 , 445°C.; and 24.5 NaF, 29 LiF, 46.5 mole % UF 4 , 602°C. The compounds 7NaF · 6UF 4 and 7LiF · 6UF 4 display limited solubility in each other. The exact limits of the miscibility gap in the 7NaF · 6UF 4 ‐7LiF · 6UF 4 join have not been determined.
Hepatoprotective activity of Vitis vinifera root extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats. (2012)

The ethanolic extract of the root of Vitis vinifera (Vitaceae) was evaluated for hepatoprotective activity in rats with liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride. The extract at an oral dose of 200 mg/kg exhibited a significant protective effect by lowering the serum levels of SGPT, SGOT, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin. The extract at this dose also increases the level of total protein. These biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological examination of liver sections. The activity of extract was also comparable to that of silymarin, a known hepatoprotective drug.
Advanced diffraction-based overlay for double patterning (2010)

Diffraction based overlay (DBO) technologies have been developed to address the tighter overlay control challenges as the dimensions of integrated circuit continue to shrink. Several studies published recently have demonstrated that the performance of DBO technologies has the potential to meet the overlay metrology budget for 22nm technology node. However, several hurdles must be cleared before DBO can be used in production. One of the major hurdles is that most DBO technologies require specially designed targets that consist of multiple measurement pads, which consume too much space and increase measurement time. A more advanced spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) technology-Mueller Matrix SE (MM-SE) is developed to address the challenge. We use a double patterning sample to demonstrate the potential of MM-SE as a DBO candidate. Sample matrix (the matrix that describes the effects of the sample on the incident optical beam) obtained from MM-SE contains up to 16 elements. We show that the Mueller elements from the off-diagonal 2x2 blocks respond to overlay linearly and are zero when overlay errors are absent. This superior property enables empirical DBO (eDBO) using two pads per direction. Furthermore, the rich information in Mueller matrix and its direct response to overlay make it feasible to extract overlay errors from only one pad per direction using modeling approach (mDBO). We here present the Mueller overlay results using both eDBO and mDBO and compare the results with image-based overlay (IBO) and CD-SEM results. We also report the tool induced shifts (TIS) and dynamic repeatability.
Instantaneous environment adaptation techniques based on fast PMC and MAP-CMS methods (2002)

This paper proposes instantaneous environment adaptation techniques for both additive noise and channel distortion based on the fast PMC (FPMC) and the MAP-CMS methods. The instantaneous adaptation techniques enable a recognizer to improve recognition on a single sentence that is used for the adaptation in real-time. The key innovations enabling the system to achieve the instantaneous adaptation are: (1) a cepstral mean subtraction method based on maximum a posteriori estimation (MAP-CMS), (2) real-time implementation of the fast parallel model combination (PMC) that we proposed previously, (3) utilization of multi-pass search, and (4) a new combination method of MAP-CMS and FPMC to solve the problem of both channel distortion and additive noise. Experiment results showed that the proposed methods enabled the system to perform recognition and adaptation simultaneously nearly in real-time and obtained good improvements in performance.
Tumor necrosis factor-α upregulates 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 expression by CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-β in HepG2 cells (2008)

The enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1) catalyzes the conversion of inactive to active glucocorticoids. 11beta-HSD1 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of obesity and controls glucocorticoid actions in inflammation. Several studies have demonstrated that TNF-alpha increases 11beta-HSD1 mRNA and activity in various cell models. Here, we demonstrate that mRNA and activity of 11beta-HSD1 is increased in liver tissue from transgenic mice overexpressing TNF-alpha, indicating that this effect also occurs in vivo. To dissect the molecular mechanism of this increase, we investigated basal and TNF-alpha-induced transcription of the 11beta-HSD1 gene (HSD11B1) in HepG2 cells. We found that TNF-alpha acts via p38 MAPK pathway. Transient transfections with variable lengths of human HSD11B1 promoter revealed highest activity with or without TNF-alpha in the proximal promoter region (-180 to +74). Cotransfection with human CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-alpha (C/EBPalpha) and C/EBPbeta-LAP expression vectors activated the HSD11B1 promoter with the strongest effect within the same region. Gel shift and RNA interference assays revealed the involvement of mainly C/EBPalpha, but also C/EBPbeta, in basal and only of C/EBPbeta in the TNF-alpha-induced HSD11B1 expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay confirmed in vivo the increased abundance of C/EBPbeta on the proximal HSD11B1 promoter upon TNF-alpha treatment. In conclusion, C/EBPalpha and C/EBPbeta control basal transcription, and TNF-alpha upregulates 11beta-HSD1, most likely by p38 MAPK-mediated increased binding of C/EBPbeta to the human HSD11B1 promoter. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing involvement of p38 MAPK in the TNF-alpha-mediated 11beta-HSD1 regulation, and that TNF-alpha stimulates enzyme activity in vivo.
Clinical Aspects of CAG Repeat Diseases (1997)

Seven neurodegenerative disorders are known to be caused by unstable expansions of the trinucleotide CAG within human genes, and more will be discovered in the coming years. These disorders share some clinical similarities, as well as some differences, which are summarized here. These diseases have unusual clinical genetic properties related to the dynamic nature of CAG repeat expansions, including instability of the repeat expansion in meiosis, particularly male meiosis; a strong correlation between onset age and size of the repeat expansion; anticipation (earlier disease onset in succeeding generations); new mutations arising from unstable, mutable alleles with a high-normal CAG repeat number; and reduced penetrance for alleles in the low-affected range. Much more remains to be learned about the molecular biology and clinical pathophysiology of this new class of genetic diseases.
Rac Downregulates Rho Activity (1999)

Using biochemical assays to determine the activation state of Rho-like GTPases, we show that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam1 functions as a specific activator of Rac but not Cdc42 or Rho in NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Activation of Rac by Tiam1 induces an epithelial-like morphology with functional cadherin-based adhesions and inhibits migration of fibroblasts. This epithelial phenotype is characterized by Rac-mediated effects on Rho activity. Transient PDGF-induced as well as sustained Rac activation by Tiam1 or V12Rac downregulate Rho activity. We found that Cdc42 also downregulates Rho activity. Neither V14Rho or N19Rho affects Rac activity, suggesting unidirectional signaling from Rac towards Rho. Downregulation of Rho activity occurs independently of Rac- induced cytoskeletal changes and cell spreading. Moreover, Rac effector mutants that are defective in mediating cytoskeleton changes or Jun kinase activation both downregulate Rho activity, suggesting that neither of these Rac signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of Rho. Restoration of Rho activity in Tiam1-expressing cells by expression of V14Rho results in reversion of the epithelioid phenotype towards a migratory, fibroblastoid morphology. We conclude that Rac signaling is able to antagonize Rho activity directly at the GTPase level, and that the reciprocal balance between Rac and Rho activity determines cellular morphology and migratory behavior in NIH3T3 fibroblasts.
Neonatal Exposure to Antigen Primes the Immune System to Develop Responses in Various Lymphoid Organs and Promotes Bystander Regulation of Diverse T Cell Specificities (2001)

Neonatal exposure to Ag has always been considered suppressive for immunity. Recent investigations, however, indicated that the neonatal immune system could be guided to develop immunity. For instance, delivery of a proteolipid protein (PLP) peptide on Ig boosts the neonatal immune system to develop responses upon challenge with the PLP peptide later. Accordingly, mice given Ig-PLP at birth and challenged with the PLP peptide as adults developed proliferative T cells in the lymph node that produced IL-4 instead of the usual Th1 cytokines. However, the spleen was unresponsive unless IL-12 was provided. Herein, we wished to determine whether such a neonatal response is intrinsic to the PLP peptide or could develop with an unrelated myelin peptide as well as whether the T cell deviation is able to confer resistance to autoimmunity involving diverse T cell specificities. Accordingly, the amino acid sequence 87-99 of myelin basic protein was expressed on the same Ig backbone, and the resulting Ig-myelin basic protein chimera was tested for induction of neonatal immunity and protection against experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Surprisingly, the results indicated that immunity developed in the lymph node and spleen, with deviation of T cells occurring in both organs. More striking, the splenic T cells produced IL-10 in addition to IL-4, providing an environment that facilitated bystander deviation of responses to unrelated epitopes and promoted protection against experimental allergic encephalomyelitis involving diverse T cell specificities. Thus, neonatal exposure to Ag can prime responses in various organs and sustain regulatory functions effective against diverse autoreactive T cells.
COVID-19 (2020)

Ameaça mais recente à saúde global, a Doença do Coronavírus que teve início no fim de 2019 (COVID-19), na cidade de Wuhan (China), já está presente em mais de 185 países, tendo sido declarada como pandemia pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) em 11 de março de 2020. A doença é causada pelo coronavírus 2 relacionado à síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SARS-CoV-2) e é altamente contagiosa tendo sido contabilizados pela OMS, de dezembro de 2019 a maio de 2020, mais de 4,8 milhões de casos confirmados, resultando em quase 317 mil mortes. A pandemia levou os diferentes países afetados a diversos esforços para conter a transmissão da doença que incluem quarentenas, medidas de higiene, restrições de viagem, adiamento ou cancelamento de eventos, e fechamento de instalações e fronteiras. No entanto, alguns desses esforços estão gerando impactos socioeconômicos mundiais que, aliados aos impactos diretos da COVID-19, têm colocado em crise até as maiores potências globais. Nesse contexto, com base nas evidências publicadas até o momento, serão apresentadas aqui algumas das principais características da COVID-19 como a epidemiologia, as características do agente etiológico, o diagnóstico e o tratamento da doença, bem como as suas implicações nos países em que se encontra.
High dielectric constant polymer nanocomposites for embedded capacitor applications (2008)

Driven by ever growing demands of miniaturization, increased functionality, high performance and low cost for microelectronic products and packaging, embedded passives will be one of the key emerging techniques for realizing the system integration which offer various advantages over traditional discrete components. Novel materials for embedded capacitor applications are in great demand, for which a high dielectric constant (k), low dielectric loss and process compatibility with printed circuit boards are the most important prerequisites. To date, no available material satisfies all these prerequisites and research is needed to develop materials for embedded capacitor applications. Conductive filler/polymer composites are likely candidate material because they show a dramatic increase in their dielectric constant close to the percolation threshold. One of the major hurdles for this type of high-k composites is the high dielectric loss inherent in these systems. \nIn this research, material and process innovations were explored to design and develop conductive filler/polymer nanocomposites based on nanoparticles with controlled parameters to fulfill the balance between sufficiently high-k and low dielectric loss, which satisfied the requirements for embedded decoupling capacitor applications. \nThis work involved the synthesis of the metal nanoparticles with different parameters including size, size distribution, aggregation and surface properties, and an investigation on how these varied parameters impact the dielectric properties of the high-k nanocomposites incorporated with these metal nanoparticles. The dielectric behaviors of the nanocomposites were studied systematically over a range of frequencies to determine the dependence of dielectric constant, dielectric loss tangent and dielectric strength on these parameters.
Analog-binary CCD correlator: A VLSI signal processor (1979)

Advanced analog-binary CCD correlators will be useful in spread spectrum communications and radar systems employing PRN codes. Increased code-length capability and on-chip support circuitry drive chip size and density into the VLSI domain. Designs of key sections of a 512-stage correlator are discussed. The chip measures nearly 400 by 300 mils and contains all circuits necessary to accept and store a reference code and compare it to a signal. In addition, it contains many support circuits including the clock logic and drivers, code load logic, and TTL-to-MOS converters. Design of the floating-gate tap structure minimizes code-dependent bias, harmonic distortion, and tap-to-tap nonuniformity, while holding power dissipation to 1 mW per tap. Electron-beam lithography was used to produce photomasks with low defect density and tight dimensional tolerances over the array.
3D Displays of Internet Traffic (1995)

The explosive growth in world-wide cornmunications, especially the Internet, bus highlighted the need for techniques to visualize network trafic. The traditional node and link network displays work well for small datasets but become visually cluttered and uninterpretable for large datasets. A natural 30 metaphor for displaying world-wide network data is to position the nodes on IL globe and draw arcs between th,em coding the trafic. This technique has several advantages of over the traditional 20 displays: it naturally reduces line crossing clutter, provides an intuitive model for navigation and indication of time, and retains the geographic context. Coupling these strengths with some novel interaction techniques involving the globe surface translucency and arc heights illustrates the usefulness for this class of displays.
The Role, Involvement and Function(s) of Interleukin-35 and Interleukin-37 in Disease Pathogenesis (2018)

The recently identified cytokines-interleukin (IL)-35 and interleukin (IL)-37-have been described for their anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating actions in numerous inflammatory diseases, auto-immune disorders, malignancies, infectious diseases and sepsis. Either cytokine has been reported to be reduced and in some cases elevated and consequently contributed towards disease pathogenesis. In view of the recent advances in utilizing cytokine profiles for the development of biological macromolecules, beneficial in the management of certain intractable immune-mediated disorders, these recently characterized cytokines (IL-35 and IL-37) offer potential as reasonable targets for the discovery of novel immune-modulating anti-inflammatory therapies. A detailed comprehension of their sophisticated regulatory mechanisms and patterns of expression may provide unique opportunities for clinical application as highly selective and target specific therapeutic agents. This review seeks to summarize the recent advancements in discerning the dynamics, mechanisms, immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory actions of IL-35 and IL-37 as they relate to disease pathogenesis.
Plasma Resonance Probe Characteristics in a Magnetic Field (1965)

The operation of the plasma resonance probe in the absence of a magnetic field is now well understood, and the resonant frequency can be interpreted to give the electron density in the plasma. In many potential applications of this diagnostic technique to laboratory and space plasmas, a static magnetic field is present. This paper considers the resulting modifications to the resonance. The analysis is based on the simplified model of the probe behavior that has been validated for the zero magnetic field case by the work of Harp and Crawford. It is concluded that the technique can be applied to obtain the electron plasma frequency ωp and the electron density for ωc2≪ωp2; and the electron cyclotron frequency ωc, and hence the local magnetic field when ωc2≫ωp2. An approximate correction formula is derived for the intermediate range ωc2≈ωp2.