gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simple, efficient purification of filamentous hemagglutinin and pertussis toxin from Bordetella pertussis by hydrophobic and affinity interaction (1990)

Two major antigens of Bordetella pertussis, filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and pertussis toxin (PT), were efficiently purified from culture filtrate by exploiting their relative hydrophobicities and differences in affinity to sialic acid-containing protein. High yields of FHA (40 to 80 mg/liter) and PT (8 to 16 mg/liter) were first produced by growing the bacteria in the modified CL medium. The FHA and PT in the culture filtrate were adsorbed onto butyl-Sepharose by hydrophobic interaction at appropriately high ionic strength. Elution of the antigens was effected by decreasing their hydrophobicities with a buffer of low ionic strength. FHA was then separated from PT with an affinity column of fetuin-Sepharose. The fraction passing through the column contained purified FHA, and the fetuin-bound PT was eluted with buffered MgCl2. The FHA and PT purified by these steps were electrophoretically and serologically identical to the reference purified FHA and PT preparations. Approximately 16 to 32 mg of purified FHA and 4 to 8 mg of purified PT were obtained from 1 liter of culture filtrate. The described procedure for making FHA and PT antigens from B. pertussis for serologic and immunologic use is very simple, efficient, and reproducible.
Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of Completely Biodegradable Hemp Fiber Reinforced PLA Composites (2006)

A fabrication method of a kind of completely biodegradable PLA composites reinforced by short hemp fiber is developed in this paper. The fibers were treated in 6% NaOH aqueous solution and untreated respectively. In these two cases, the composites with 30%, 40% and 50% fiber volume fraction were prepared. The tensile strength, tensile modulus and flexural strength were tested. The results showed that the mechanical properties of this composite with 40% alkali treated fiber volume fraction have the highest values. They are 54.6㎫, 8.5㎬ and 112.7 ㎫ respectively. These values are competitive to those of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene. The density of this composite is 1.23g/㎝3, which is much lower than glass fiber reinforced composites with similar fiber volume fraction. The specific strength was also calculated. Fracture surfaces of the composites were observed by SEM. The results showed that there is still a potential enhancement in the properties by optimizing the fabrication condition.
Skylab attitude and pointing control system (1971)

Development and characteristics of attitude and pointing control system for Skylab space station
Discretization methods for encoding of continuous input variables for Boolean neural networks (2003)

RAM-based neural networks are normally based on binary input variables, and a thermometer code or a so-called CMAC-Gray code is most often used when encoding real-valued variables. The number of intervals and interval boundaries are normally set from ad hoc principles. Using this approach many intervals are normally needed to provide sufficient resolution. This leads to large variable codes, which again complicates the learning problem. Instead of selecting more or less arbitrary interval boundaries if can be expected to be beneficial to use discretization techniques, where the split-values are selected from the use of information measures. We report on the results that can be obtained by applying local and global discretization techniques together with enhanced schemes of the so-called n-tuple classifier which is the most simple type of a RAM neural net. The enhanced n-tuple nets have proven competitive on a large set of benchmark data sets. By making proper use of the discretization boundaries increased performances can be obtained. The local discretization algorithms are closely connected with the learning principle used for decision trees, and we show how such schemes can be used as variable selectors for the RAM based neural nets.
Image processing and enhancement provided by commercial dental software programs. (2002)

Image processing and enhancement functions are rarely incorporated in commercial software for direct digital imaging in dental radiology. Until now, comparison of software was limited by the arbitrary naming used in each system. Standardized terminology and increased functionality of image processing should be offered to the dental profession.
Matrix metalloproteinase sensing via porous silicon microcavity devices functionalized with human antibodies (2010)

Abstract Porous silicon microcavity (PSiMc) structures were used as support material for specific sensing of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). For lower concentrations of MMP‐8, the structures were tested with two types of functionalization methods. Silanization of the oxidized porous silicon structures, followed by glutaraldehyde chemistry was found to give very inconsistent results. The use of biotinilated bovin serum albumin linked to the naked PSiMc was found to be an alternative method to attach the anti MMP‐8 human antibody, previously modified with streptavidin, which was further used to sense MMP‐8 (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Defective glycosylation in congenital muscular dystrophies (2004)

Glycosylation disorders represent a rapidly growing and common group of muscular dystrophies. Accurate genetic diagnosis can now be made for five forms, and it is anticipated that several other variants will eventually fall into these categories.
Redistribution of body fat in HIV-infected women undergoing combined antiretroviral therapy (1999)

The observed body modifications are caused by a redistribution of body fat without fat loss that is apparently not associated with hyperlipidemia, altered glucose metabolism or other endocrinological disorders. The development of FR in patients receiving only reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors suggests the presence of a PI-independent mechanism that deserves further investigation.
New short constraint length rate (n-1)/n punctured convolutional codes for soft-decision Viterbi decoding (1988)

Punctured convolutional codes with good performance are reported for rates (n-1)/n with n=5, 6, 7, 8 and constraint lengths k=2, 3, . . ., 6. The tabulated codes are nonsystematic binary convolutional codes with maximum free distance and minimum information weight, for use with soft-decision Viterbi decoding.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Detached-Leaf Technique for Detecting Resistance to Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae in Tobacco (1990)

Leaves (7-9 cm long) from healthy tobacco plants were excised, surface-sterilized for 30 sec in a 0.05% NaOCl 3 solution and inoculated with four mycelial plugs of 2-day-old P. p. var. nicotianae cultures grown on oatmeal agar.(...) Genotype rankings for lesion development and percentage of infected leaf area were similar to known rankings of the same genotypes for field resistance
Separate Cyclic AMP Sensors for Neuritogenesis, Growth Arrest, and Survival of Neuroendocrine Cells (2014)

Dividing neuroendocrine cells differentiate into a neuronal-like phenotype in response to ligands activating G protein-coupled receptors, leading to the elevation of the second messenger cAMP. Growth factors that act at receptor tyrosine kinases, such as nerve growth factor, also cause differentiation. We report here that two aspects of cAMP-induced differentiation, neurite extension and growth arrest, are dissociable at the level of the sensors conveying the cAMP signal in PC12 and NS-1 cells. Following cAMP elevation, neuritogenic cyclic AMP sensor/Rapgef2 is activated for signaling to ERK to mediate neuritogenesis, whereas Epac2 is activated for signaling to the MAP kinase p38 to mediate growth arrest. Neither action of cAMP requires transactivation of TrkA, the receptor for NGF. In fact, the differentiating effects of NGF do not require activation of any of the cAMP sensors protein kinase A, Epac, or neuritogenic cyclic AMP sensor/Rapgef2 but, rather, depend on ERK and p38 activation via completely independent signaling pathways. Hence, cAMP- and NGF-dependent signaling for differentiation are also completely insulated from each other. Cyclic AMP and NGF also protect NS-1 cells from serum withdrawal-induced cell death, again by two wholly separate signaling mechanisms, PKA-dependent for cAMP and PKA-independent for NGF.
Kinetics and crystal orientation dependence in high aspect ratio silicon dry etching (2000)

A quantitative study of dry etch behavior in deep silicon trenches in high density plasmas (electron cyclotron resonance, inductively coupled plasma) at low temperatures (160–210 K) is presented. The quantitative approach implies etch behavior being studied in relation to the relevant particle fluxes (atomic F and O and ions) as measured by in situ diagnostics. Two etch modes are observed. In one mode faceting shows up as due to crystallographic orientation preference, i.e., Si〈111〉 being etched slower than Si〈100〉. In the other mode the normal anisotropic ion-induced behavior is observed. Controlled switch from one mode to the other is studied under influence of process parameters like pressure, ion energy, and substrate temperature. The second part of this study deals with aspect ratio dependent etching (ARDE). Both vertical and horizontal trenches have been taken into account as to distinguish between radical and ion-induced effects. The flux of radical species into the deep trench is governed by Knudsen transport, with a reaction probability of atomic fluorine of about 0.5. As a consequence depletion of the fluorine content at the bottom is the main reason for ARDE. With the bottleneck identified, the plasma process has been readily tuned to the aspect ratio independent etch regime. This regime coincides with the crystallographic preference mode where surface reaction kinetics form the rate limiting step. Detailed surface analysis studies by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, in situ ellipsometry, and transmission electron microscopy have been used to characterize the surface reaction process.
Direct evidence of monocyte recruitment to inflammatory bowel disease mucosa (1995)

Alterations in phenotype and function of intestinal macrophages occur in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) but it is unclear whether these changes result from the recruitment of circulating monocytes to the intestine or from proliferation of resident intestinal macrophages. We sought to demonstrate the arrival of blood monocytes, the precursors of macrophages, in IBD mucosa. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 23 patients with clinically active intestinal inflammation (13 Crohn's disease, eight ulcerative colitis, two infective colitis), then radiolabelled with 99mtechnetium (Tc)-stannous colloid (n = 13) or 111indium (In)-oxine (n = 10) before re-injection and abdominal scanning. Four patients had demonstrable intestinal monocyte uptake using [99mTc]-stannous colloid, while six [111In]-oxine-labelled monocyte scans were positive. Uptake sites correlated with actively inflamed regions. Patients demonstrating monocyte uptake had been treated with corticosteroids for a significantly (P < 0.02) shorter duration (median 3 vs 20 days) than those with negative scans. There was no significant difference between positive and negative scans for disease category, clinical or histological disease, activity, or radioisotope used. Biopsies of inflamed mucosa from two patients suffering ulcerative colitis who had positive scans showed a high proportion of CD14-positive macrophages, 4-9% of which contained autoradiographic grains. These results demonstrate that blood monocytes are recruited to the mucosa of actively inflamed bowel, and suggest that this process may be inhibited by corticosteroids. Moreover, the phenotype of the recently-arrived monocytes indicates their susceptibility to stimulation by lipopolysaccharide, and suggests a mechanism for the continuing inflammation in the bacterial product-rich milieu of IBD.
Aggregation of partial rankings, p-ratings and top-m lists (2007)

We study the problem of aggregating partial rankings. This problem is motivated by applications such as meta-searching and information retrieval, search engine spam fighting, e-commerce, learning from experts, analysis of population preference sampling, committee decision making and more. We improve recent constant factor approximation algorithms for aggregation of full rankings and generalize them to partial rankings. Our algorithms improved constant factor approximation with respect to all metrics discussed in Fagin et al's recent important work on comparing partial rankings. We pay special attention to two important types of partial rankings: the well-known top-m lists and the more general p-ratings which we define. We provide first evidence for hardness of aggregating them for constant m, p.
Molecular systematics of the Brassicaceae: evidence from coding plastidic <i>matK</i> and nuclear <i>Chs</i> sequences (2001)

Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using nucleotide sequence variation of the nuclear-encoded chalcone synthase gene (Chs) and the chloroplast gene matK for members of five tribes from the family Brassicaceae to analyze tribal and subtribal structures. Phylogenetic trees from individual data sets are mostly in congruence with the results from a combined matK-Chs analysis with a total of 2721 base pairs, but with greater resolution and higher statistical support for deeper branching patterns. The analysis indicates that tribes Lepidieae, Arabideae, and Sisymbrieae are not monophyletic. Among taxa under study four different lineages each were detected in tribes Arabideae and Lepidieae, interspersed with taxa from tribes Sisymbrieae, Hesperideae, and Brassiceae. It is concluded that tribe Brassiceae might be the only monophyletic group of the traditional tribes. From our data we estimated several divergence times for different lineages among cruciferous plants: 5.8 mya (million years ago) for the Arabidopsis-Cardaminopsis split, 20 mya for the Brassica-Arabidopsis split, and ∼40 mya for the age of the deepest split between the most basal crucifer Aethionema and remaining cruciferous taxa.
THE TELLUROMETER SYSTEM OF DISTANCE MEASUREMENT (1957)

The instrument has been subjected to a series of three full-scale tests, the results of which are presented here in greater or less detail in chronological order corresponding to certain stages of development and knowledge of the sources of error. In each case a complete trigonometric figure with redundancies has been measured and subjected to analysis. The lines as measured have been corrected for slope due to the relative height of the stations, reduced to sea level, and corrections applied to bring them into an appropriate plane projection. It has been assumed that the ray path is optically straight and curvature corrections have been applied accordingly. In radio practice it is assumed that at ground level such waves travel in straight lines relative to an apparent earth's radius 4/3 times the actual radius, due to the normal vertical gradient of refractive index. If this value of radius is used in the curvature formula, the dip of the ray into a region of higher refractive index and its curvature is completely allowed for in normal atmospheric conditions. The corrections are quite small below 30 miles but increase rapidly at greater ranges.
Deficiency of the integrin β4 subunit in junctional epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia: consequences for hemidesmosome formation and adhesion properties (1996)

Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) comprises a group of inherited autosomal recessive blistering disorders characterized by dermo-epidermal separation through the lamina lucida of the basement membrane. We identified a patient with JEB associated with pyloric atresia (PA), in whom the integrin beta 4 subunit was completely absent. At the ultrastructural level, the hemidesmosomes were reduced in number, appeared rudimentary and lacked a subbasal dense plate and frequently an inner attachment plaque. However, keratin filaments were still anchored to the cytoplasmic plaque of the hemidesmosome. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that the beta 4 subunit was absent in the skin of the PA-JEB patient, whereas the alpha 6 subunit appeared to be normally distributed along the basement membrane zone, as were the other hemidesmosomal components BP230, BP180 and HD1. Furthermore, the alpha 3 and beta 1 subunits were not only detected at the lateral membranes of basal cells in PA-JEB skin, as in normal skin, but also along the basement membrane zone. The few hemidesmosome-like structures found in cultured keratinocytes from the PA-JEB patient contained the hemidesmosomal components BP230, BP180 and HD1, but not the integrin alpha 6 subunit. Like alpha 3, this subunit was colocalized with vinculin in focal contacts at the ends of actin stress fibers. Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that alpha 6 was associated with beta 1 on PA-JEB keratinocytes, whereas normal human keratinocytes (NHKs) exclusively express alpha 6 beta 4 on their cell surface. The initial adhesion of PA-JEB and normal keratinocytes to laminin-1 and laminin-5, both ligands for alpha 6 beta 1 and alpha 6 beta 4, was similar. In migration assays, the PA-JEB keratinocytes were more motile on laminin-5 than normal keratinocytes. Our observations indicate that the integrin alpha 6 beta 4 plays a crucial role in the proper assembly of hemidesmosomes and in the stabilization of the dermal-epidermal junction. The fragility of the skin and the blistering in this patient appear to have been due to the deficiency of the integrin beta 4 subunit, which results in the formation of too few and structurally abnormal hemidesmosomes.
AN EVOLUTION PROGRAM FOR OPTIMAL PRESSURE REGULATION IN WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS (1995)

Leakage losses in a water distribution network increase significantly for higher pressures and an obvious way of reducing losses is by reducing network pressures. This paper presents a methodology for pressure regulation in a water distribution network using an evolution program, encompassing the principles of evolutionary design and genetic algorithms. The optimization problem of minimizing the pressure heads is formulated with the settings of isolating valves as decision variables and minimum allowable pressures as constraints. The algorithm developed incorporates a steady-state network hydraulic analysis model based on the linear theory method. Computational results for two example networks demonstrating the effectiveness of the methodology are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: THE ACYLOIN REARRANGEMENT IN ALPHA,BETA‐UNSATURATED ALPHA′‐KETOLS (1975)

Abstract Epoxylathyrol (I) liefert beim Erhitzen mit Bariummethoxid das Umlagerungsprodukt (II) und mit Natrium‐ oder Kaliummethylat das Triol (IH), das mit Bariummethylat/Methanol wiederum in (II) übergeht.
Inhibition of mitochondrial and plastid activity of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> by minocycline (2002)

We previously reported the superior effect of minocycline against drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Here, we report that RT-PCR for falciparum parasites treated with minocycline revealed reduced levels of RNA transcripts of the mitochondrion-encoded genes such as the COI and Cyb genes, as well as the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase subunit (rpoB/C) gene. However, we detected no apparent effects of the antibiotic on the transcription of merozoite surface antigen and small subunit rRNA genes encoded by the nucleus. In addition, treatment with chloroquine and pyrimethamine showed no substantial reduction of any RT-PCR products. These findings suggest that tetracycline antibiotics selectively inhibit both mitochondrial and plastid activity.
Membrane-degrading enzymes in the tubers of various cultivars of Solanum tuberosum (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMembrane-degrading enzymes in the tubers of various cultivars of Solanum tuberosumRobert A. MoreauCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1985, 33, 1, 36–39Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00061a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00061a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views37Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High-speed electrical sampling using optical second-harmonic generation (1996)

We report the application of optical second-harmonic generation to the measurement of ultrafast electrical pulses. The technique relies on the sensitivity of the second-harmonic response to electric fields in centrosymmetric materials. Electrical pulses propagating on a silicon-based coplanar transmission line have been characterized with subpicosecond time resolution and 100 mV/√Hz sensitivity. We have measured the bias dependence of the second harmonic intensity over a 20 V range and have used this data to calibrate the transient response. The observed full-width at half maximum response time of the SHG waveform is ∼1 ps, which is consistent with the value obtained from an electronic cross-correlation measurement.
Application of ozonated water rinse in the treatment of infected wounds (2017)

Objective
To investigate the application of ozonated water rinse in the treatment of infected wounds, in order to seek new ways to treat infected wounds and improve the quality of wound healing.


Methods
A total of 126 patients with burn wounds were selected from April 2014 to October 2017 in the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College. The wounds were rinsed directly by debridement nozzles with present 2 mg/L ozonated water. Wound surface bacterial culture had been done before and the 4th day after wounds treatment. Bacterial positive rate of the wound was calculated and the detection rate of different bacterial of the wound were also measured. C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), parallel white blood cell count were measured. Wound pain scores were assessed by 5-point verbal rating scales (VRS-5) before and the 4th day after wounds treatment. The data were analyzed with t test and χ2 test.


Results
All the patients were cured. The positive rate of wound bacteria was reduced from 98.7% before rinsing to 16.7% after rinsing, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=15.20, P 0.05).


Conclusion
It is found that wound surface rinse with present ozonated water can notably reduce wound infection.


Key words: 
Ozone; Bacteria; Debridement; Infection; Wounds