gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Polycarboxylic Acids by Oxidative Cleavage with Oxygen / Co-Mn-Br System (2009)

Adipic acid and glutaric acid were obtained from 1-hydroxy-2- acetoxycyclohexane by oxidation cleavage using molecular oxygen in the presence of cobalt acetate, manganese acetate and hydrobromic acid in acetic acid solution. Applying this method to prepare dicarboxylic acids from unsaturated fatty acids, we proposed an efficient method where reaction mixture of unsaturated fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide - formic acid can be oxidative cleaved to produce dicarboxylic acids and monocarboxylic acids in acetic acid solution with molecular oxygen / Co-Mn-Br system. For example, azelaic acid, suberic acid and other dicarboxylic acid as dicarboxylic acids were obtained from industrial oleic acid, which contained oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. As a result of investigation for reaction condition, increase of partial pressure of molecular oxygen or elevation of temperature accelerated oxidative cleavage, but total yields of azelaic acid and suberic acid were slightly decreased. Besides, effect of hydrohalic acids in liquid phase air oxidation in the presence of cobalt and manganese acetates was investigated to show that HBr was the most effective. Soybean acid and tall acid containing higher amounts of linoleic acid and linolenic acid than industrial oleic acid were also oxidatively cleaved to dicarboxylic acids.
Motion video compression at very low bit rates (1995)

The paper describes a video coding method based on the use of `I' and `B' frames within a logarithmic decimation structure. Spatial decimation is performed by wavelet filtering and the quantised output passed to an entropy coder very similar to that used in JPEG. Previous unpublished work showed that the use of wavelet coding combined with motion vector assisted logarithmic temporal decimation produced picture quality which could be described as `entertainment' quality at 1.5 Mbps and `information' quality at 256 kbps. This earlier work has recently been extended to cover the very low rate of 64 kbps for motion video. This rate is low enough for videophone applications where the need is for acceptable communications quality rather than reproduction fidelity.
The properties of a carboxylesterase from the peach-potato aphid, <i>Myzus persicae</i> (Sulz.), and its role in conferring insecticide resistance (1977)

Carboxylesterases from different strains of Myzus persicae were examined to try to understand their contribution to insecticide resistance. Preliminary evidence that they are involved comes from the good correlation between the degree of resistance and the carboxylesterase and paraoxon-degrading activity in aphid homogenates. Furthermore the carboxylesterase associated with resistance could not be separated from the insecticide-degrading enzyme by electrophoresis or ion-exchange chromatography. Homogenates of resistant aphids hydrolysed paraoxon 60 times faster than did those of susceptible aphids, yet the purified enzymes from both sources had identical catalytic-centre activities towards this substrate and also towards naphth-1-yl acetate, the latter being hydrolysed by both 2x10(6) times faster than paraoxon. These observations provide evidence that the enzyme from both sources is identical, and that one enzyme hydrolyses both substrates. This was confirmed by relating the rate of paraoxon hydrolysis to the rate at which paraoxon-inhibited carboxylesterase re-activated. Both had the same first-order rate constant (0.01min(-1)), showing clearly that the hydrolysis of both substrates is brought about by the same enzyme. Its K(m) for naphth-1-yl acetate was 0.131mm, and for paraoxon 75pm. The latter very small value could not be measured directly, but was calculated from substrate-competition studies coupled with measurements of re-activation of the diethyl phosphorylated enzyme. Since the purified enzymes from resistant and susceptible aphids had the same catalytic-centre activity, the 60-fold difference between strains must be caused by different amounts of the same enzyme resulting from mutations of the regulator gene(s) rather than of the structural gene.
Design and Demonstration of a 2.5-D Glass Interposer BGA Package for High Bandwidth and Low Cost (2017)

Consumer demand for mobile services is expected to grow with the continued proliferation of connected devices including smartphones, wearables, and Internet of things. As a result, high-performance computing systems that support the core network and cloud infrastructures for these connected devices require unprecedented die-to-die bandwidth at low latency. To achieve next-generation performance requirements and to apply to commercial products, fundamental parameters for 2.5-D interposers are considered including: 1) high interconnect density at short interconnect length; 2) low power consumption; and 3) low packaging cost. The 2.5-D glass interposer described in this paper is superior to silicon interposer in cost and electrical performance, and to organic interposer in interconnect density. This paper describes a 2.5-D glass interposer as a ball grid array (BGA) package to achieve high bandwidth at low cost to improve bandwidth per unit watt signal power per unit dollar cost (BWF) compared to both silicon and organic interposers. Due to its high modulus and excellent surface finish, glass affords ultrafine line lithography to form high-density interconnects comparable to silicon, and the process described in this paper goes beyond silicon back-end-of-line processes by implementing a double-side semi-additive process (SAP) at increased copper layer thickness. This thicker metallization results in reduced conductor losses and improved bandwidth per channel compared to silicon. In addition, the low loss tangent of glass reduces dielectric losses in nets requiring through vias including clock distribution and high-speed off-package signals. Availability of glass in thin panel as well as in roll-to-roll formats beyond 500 mm in size reduces packaging cost compared to 300-mm wafer silicon interposer. The focus of this paper is on the integration of three enabling technologies: 1) advanced SAP for high-density redistribution layers (RDLs); 2) excimer laser ablation of RDL vias; and 3) fine-pitch thermocompression bonding with copper pillar die assembly-for a 2.5-D glass interposer at interconnect densities comparable to that of silicon to achieve terabit per second interdie bandwidth at highest BWF.
An Energy Efficient OOK Transceiver for Wireless Sensor Networks (2006)

A 1 Mbps 916.5 MHz OOK transceiver for wireless sensor networks has been designed in a 0.18-mum CMOS process. The RX has envelope detection based architecture with a highly scalable RF front end. The RX power consumption scales from 0.5 mW to 2.6 mW, with an associated sensitivity of -37 dBm to -65 dBm at a BER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> . The TX consumes 3.8 mW to 9.1 mW with output power from -11.4 dBm to -2.2 dBm. The RX achieves a startup time of 2.5 mus, allowing for efficient duty cycling
Supona* (chlorfenvinphos) for cattle tick control. Part 1. Handspraying trials (1966)

Supona at concentrations of 0.01, 0.02 and 0.05 % is compared with Delnav (Dioxathion) 0.05 % and/or Toxaphene (Chlorinated camphene) 0.25 % as an ixodicide. These ixodicides were applied every seven days to cattle grazing on naturally infested pastures on farms in the Eastern Cape Coastal Belt of South Africa. Heavy infestations of Blue (Boophilus decoloratus), Red legged (Rhipicephalus evertsi), Brown Ear Tick (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus) and Bont (Amblyoma hebraeum) ticks were encountered. Supona achieved excellent results against these tick species both in the adult and immature stages, and proved to be safe at the concentrations used. The methods of ixodicide application and the tick counting technique are descriptionbed together with the method of assessing results.
3-D Radar Based on Phase-in-Space Principle (1966)

A height-finding technique utilizing the relative phase between a series of point sources of a traveling-wave array is described. The point sources in the focal region of a torus antenna are used to control the phase of the antenna elevation pattern in space. Signals received from a given beam angle will arrive at each terminal of the traveling-wave feed with a different phase. By comparing this phase with a reference phase, the angular direction of an arriving plane wave can be measured with considerable accuracy. Thus a radar system with a single antenna and feed structure can be employed to yield instantaneous height coverage along with the usual range data.
A novel low power CAM design (2002)

The Content Addressable Memory (CAM) is a class of memory that allows access by data instead of physical address. In this paper a novel low power CAM cell called the toggling match line CAM is introduced. It is shown to provide over 40% reduction in power consumed on read misses as compared to the basic CAM design.
COLOMBO Deliverable 4.2: Extended Simulation Tool PHEM coupled to SUMO with User Guide (2014)

This public deliverable is an extension of the draft deliverable D4.1. The first part covers the extensions performed on PHEM’s database for modelling the vehicle fleet in the year 2020. The document extension describes the second work item which was to allow using PHEM as an emission model directly within the COLOMBO overall simulation system (COSS). Both possibilities – an off-line connection with SUMO output files fed into PHEM, and an on-line approach by embedding the derivative PHEMlight into SUMO – are presented in detail.
Forward Kinematics of the General 6–6 Fully Parallel Mechanism: An Exhaustive Numerical Approach Via a Mono-Dimensional-Search Algorithm (1993)

A new numerical method for the solution of the direct position analysis of the six d.o.f. fully parallel mechanism with general geometry, often referred to as generalized Stewart platform mechanism, is presented. The main feature of the method, making it attractive with respect to the methods available in the literature, is the ability to find out all the real solutions of the direct position analysis. The effectiveness of the new algorithm relies upon the solution of only one equation in one unknown. That equation is strictly representative of the problem, i.e., it is free from extraneous roots and every solution of the direct position analysis entails the existence of a root for the equation. A case study is reported.
Development of a novel FES control system based on treadmill motor current variation for gait rehabilitation of hemiplegic patients after stroke (2013)

In consideration of a large proportion of stroke survivors with persistent deficits, current interventions have limited ability to restore normal motor function. We propose a gait training system for gait rehabilitation of hemiplegic patients with convalescent stroke. It consists of a functional electrical stimulation (FES) device which is used to influence the gait pattern instantly to improve the quality of the gait, and a treadmill with two separated belts. The stimulus triggers from the FES could be controlled automatically by the subject's gait phase determination, including stance phase and swing phase. Gait phase could be estimated and recognized through observing current value variation of the treadmill motor during the subject's walking on the treadmill belts. In this paper, we have preliminarily tested the feasibility of the proposed method through hemiplegic simulation experiments. Also, Tibialis Anterior (TA) and quadriceps on the hemiplegic side were successfully stimulated by the expected FES stimuli during gait.
Preparation and Certain Physical Properties of Some Plant Steryl Esters<sup>1,2</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Certain Physical Properties of Some Plant Steryl Esters1,2A. KUKSIS and J. M. R. BEVERIDGECite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 7, 1209–1219Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01077a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01077a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views256Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Common Management Information Services and Protocols for the Internet (CMOT and CMIP) (1990)

for Standardization's (ISO) Common Management Information Services/Common Management Information Protocol (CMIS/CMIP) in the Internet. This RFC specifies an IAB standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.
Transparent Accelerator Migration in a Virtualized GPU Environment (2012)

This paper presents a framework to support transparent, live migration of virtual GPU accelerators in a virtualized execution environment. Migration is a critical capability in such environments because it provides support for fault tolerance, on-demand system maintenance, resource management, and load balancing in the mapping of virtual to physical GPUs. Techniques to increase responsiveness and reduce migration overhead are explored. The system is evaluated by using four application kernels and is demonstrated to provide low migration overheads. Through transparent load balancing, our system provides a speedup of 1.7 to 1.9 for three of the four application kernels.
Characterization and Intermolecular Interactions of Hydroxypropyl Guar Solutions (2002)

Aqueous solutions of guar galactomannan and hydroxypropyl guars (HPG) with different molar substitution (MS) levels were studied using dilute solution viscometry and gel permeation chromatography. When guar is modified to HPG, the added hydroxypropyl groups sterically block the hydrogen bonding sites on the guar backbone and reduce the hydrogen bonding attractions between guar molecules. The effects of molar substitution on the intermolecular interactions are inferred from measurements of the Huggins coefficients, which measure intermolecular interactions in dilute solution, and molecular volumes, which reflect intrachain associations. The behavior can be divided into three regimes: (1) at low MS levels (0 < MS < approximately 0.4), there is a sharp decrease in intermolecular interactions as a function of MS; (2) in the intermediate range ( approximately 0.4 < MS < approximately 1.0), interactions become independent of MS; (3) at high substitution levels (MS > approximately 1.0), the temperature dependence of inter- and intramolecular hydrophobic interactions produces a temperature dependence in the Huggins coefficient and molecular volumes that is not seen at lower substitutions. By acid hydrolysis, HPG samples with a range of molecular weights and consistent polydispersities were obtained. On the basis of these samples, the Mark-Houwink-Sakurada parameters and "characteristic ratio" C(infinity) were evaluated for HPG (MS approximately 0.6) and compared to the values for guar. The HPG chain stiffens as the degree of substitution increases.
Pharmacological study of the new nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent 4'-acetamidophenyl-2-(5'-p-toluyl-1'-methylpyrrole)acetate. (1988)

Antiinflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and gastrointestinal ulcerogenic activities of 4-acetamidophenyl-2-(5'-p-toluyl-1'-methylpyrrole)acetate (AU 8001), a new nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, have been investigated and compared with those of tolmetin at equimolar doses in experimental animals. 1. AU 8001 showed inhibitory action on acute and subacute inflammation such as carrageenin hind paw edema and pellet-induced granuloma formation, with an activity similar to that of tolmetin. However, AU 8001 was more active as an antiarthritic agent than tolmetin. AU 8001 had no topical antiinflammatory effect. 2. The analgesic activities of AU 8001 measured by the writhing test and the Randall-Selitto method were comparable to those of tolmetin. Both compounds were ineffective in the hotplate test. 3. AU 8001 also had antipyretic activity but its potency was inferior to tolmetin and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). 4. AU 8001 elicited almost negligible side effects in the gastrointestinal tract. The ulcerogenic activity of AU 8001, in particular, was extremely weak in relation to tolmetin, indometacin and ASA. 5. AU 8001 caused no appreciable changes in the general behaviour of animals after oral administration.
Sulfoxaflor returns to the US market (2019)

The US Environmental Protection Agency is allowing new uses and bringing back some former uses of the pesticide sulfoxaflor, despite concerns from environmental groups that the chemical harms bees. Sulfoxaflor belongs to a class of insecticides called sulfoximines, according to Dow AgroSciences, now Corteva Agriscience, the manufacturer of the chemical. Environmental groups say that the pesticide behaves similarly to imidacloprid and clothianidin, two neonicotinoid pesticides that are under scrutiny for harming bees and other pollinators. The EPA pulled sulfoxaflor off the market in 2015 after a federal appeals court order to do so because of concerns about the chemical’s adverse effects on bees. A year later, the agency allowed the pesticide to be used with certain restrictions on a few crops that it claimed do not attract bees. For the past several years, the EPA has also granted emergency exemptions to use sulfoxaflor on sorghum and cotton. Now, the agency
Programming in Limbo (2002)

Limbo is the application programming language for the Inferno operating system. Although Limbo looks syntactically like C, it has a number of features that make it easier to use, safer and more suited to the heterogeneous, networked Inferno environment: a rich set of basic types, strong typing, garbage collection, concurrency, communications, and modules. Limbo may be interpreted or compiled 'just in time' for efficient, portable execution. This paper introduces the language by studying an example of a complete, useful Limbo program. The program illustrates general programming as well as aspects of concurrency, graphics, module loading, and other features of Limbo and Inferno.
[(CF<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>BCP]<sup>−</sup> and [(CF<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>BCAs]<sup>−</sup>: Thermally Stable Phosphaethynyl and Arsaethynyl Complexes (2004)

Make mine a triple: The tetraphenyl phosphonium salts of [(CF3)3BCX]− (X=P, As) are stable even well above room temperature. The synthesis of these first phospha- and arsaethynyl complexes of boron from (CF3)3BCO is carried out in two steps (see scheme). The complex [(CF3)3BCAs]− is the first stable anionic arsaalkyne. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2004/z54034_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Photodynamic therapy against cyanobacteria (2007)

This study explores the use of photosensitizers and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to limit growth of cyanobacteria. We chose 12 phthalocyanines, tetraphenol porphyrine, and methylene blue as compounds producing singlet oxygen. Hydrogen peroxide was chosen as another source of ROS. These compounds were tested using algal toxicity tests in microplates on three cultures of green algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Scenedesmus quadricauda, and Chlorella kessleri) and on three cultures of cyanobacteria (Synechococcus nidulans, Microcystis incerta, and Anabaena sp.). Results indicate that photosensitizers and singlet oxygen could be highly toxic for some selected phytoplankton species. Green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda was highly sensitive (EC50 = 0.07 mg/L) to compounds producing singlet oxygen, although it was not sensitive to hydrogen peroxide, which was about 10 times more toxic for cyanobacteria. We conclude that the compounds producing hydroxyl radical species seems to be more promising to treat cyanobacterial blooms than the compounds producing the singlet oxygen.
[The characteristics of the changes in the aortic endothelium of old rabbits administered adrenaline]. (1990)

The effect of sharp increase of arterial pressure and blood adrenalin content on the vascular endothelium increases with age. Structural disorders and disturbances in permeability of aortic endothelium after 30-minute adrenalin infusion are more marked in old rabbits. This may be among the factors which induce intensified development of preatherosclerotic changes in the vessels.
Design of a Wideband, Constant Beamwidth, Array Microphone for Use in the Near Field (1979)

Directional microphones have long been proposed for the removal of room reverberation. An array microphone would seem ideal for this purpose, since theoretically it can be aimed anywhere within the room. However, microphone pattern beamwidth is related to wavelength and aperture size. For a fixed-size aperture, as wavelength goes down so does beamwidth. The change in beamwidth over a decade change in wavelength would seem to be unacceptable for this application. We discuss the design of a constant beamwidth array microphone for the frequency range 300 to 3000 Hz. Because the microphone-to-talker distance is assumed to be about 3 ft while the array has a 9-ft aperture, the microphone is optimized for near field. We also discuss the use of a nonlinear optimization program for choosing the array parameters.
RGS proteins inhibit Xwnt-8 signaling in <i>Xenopus</i> embryonic development (2000)

RGS family members are GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) that antagonize signaling by heterotrimeric G proteins. Injection of Xenopus embryos with RNA encoding rat RGS4 (rRGS4), a GAP for G(i) and G(q), resulted in shortened trunks and decreased skeletal muscle. This phenotype is nearly identical to the effect of injection of either frzb or dominant negative Xwnt-8. Injection of human RGS2, which selectively deactivates G(q), had similar effects. rRGS4 inhibited the ability of early Xwnt-8 but not Xdsh misexpression to cause axis duplication. This effect is distinct from axin family members that contain RGS-like domains but act downstream of Xdsh. We identified two Xenopus RGS4 homologs, one of which, Xrgs4a, was expressed as a Spemann organizer component. Injection of Xenopus embryos with Xrgs4a also resulted in shortened trunks and decreased skeletal muscle. These results suggest that RGS proteins modulate Xwnt-8 signaling by attenuating the function of a G protein.