gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive transposon mutant library of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2003)

We have developed technologies for creating saturating libraries of sequence-defined transposon insertion mutants in which each strain is maintained. Phenotypic analysis of such libraries should provide a virtually complete identification of nonessential genes required for any process for which a suitable screen can be devised. The approach was applied to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen with a 6.3-Mbp genome. The library that was generated consists of 30,100 sequence-defined mutants, corresponding to an average of five insertions per gene. About 12% of the predicted genes of this organism lacked insertions; many of these genes are likely to be essential for growth on rich media. Based on statistical analyses and bioinformatic comparison to known essential genes in E. coli, we estimate that the actual number of essential genes is 300-400. Screening the collection for strains defective in two defined multigenic processes (twitching motility and prototrophic growth) identified mutants corresponding to nearly all genes expected from earlier studies. Thus, phenotypic analysis of the collection may produce essentially complete lists of genes required for diverse biological activities. The transposons used to generate the mutant collection have added features that should facilitate downstream studies of gene expression, protein localization, epistasis, and chromosome engineering.
Calculations of Mechanical Stresses in Electrical Contact Situations (1985)

Mechanical stresses occurring in electrical contact situations were calculated with the aid of the finite element method (FEM). As a first step the stresses in a gold film on a nickel substrate, indented by a sphere, were calculated, assuming elastic deformations. With the same normal contact force the stresses in the film can differ enormously for different film thicknesses of the gold. In many electrical contact situations plastic deformations occur. As a second step these deformations were also calculated. Therefore it is necessary to know the plastic part of the stress-strain curve. A method is presented for obtaining this curve for thin metal films from a Brinell indentation test. An elasticplastic contact situation for a cylinder sliding over a gold surface with different friction coefficients is investigated. It is shown that phenomena like the onset of prow formation and cracking of the surface can be observed from the calculated results.
The Transcriptional Activator LdtR from ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ Mediates Osmotic Stress Tolerance (2014)

The causal agent of Huanglongbing disease, 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus', is a non-culturable, gram negative, phloem-limited α-proteobacterium. Current methods to control the spread of this disease are still limited to the removal and destruction of infected trees. In this study, we identified and characterized a regulon from 'Ca. L. asiaticus' involved in cell wall remodeling, that contains a member of the MarR family of transcriptional regulators (ldtR), and a predicted L,D-transpeptidase (ldtP). In Sinorhizobium meliloti, mutation of ldtR resulted in morphological changes (shortened rod-type phenotype) and reduced tolerance to osmotic stress. A biochemical approach was taken to identify small molecules that modulate LdtR activity. The LdtR ligands identified by thermal shift assays were validated using DNA binding methods. The biological impact of LdtR inactivation by the small molecules was then examined in Sinorhizobium meliloti and Liberibacter crescens, where a shortened-rod phenotype was induced by growth in presence of the ligands. A new method was also developed to examine the effects of small molecules on the viability of 'Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus', using shoots from HLB-infected orange trees. Decreased expression of ldtRLas and ldtPLas was observed in samples taken from HLB-infected shoots after 6 h of incubation with the LdtR ligands. These results provide strong proof of concept for the use of small molecules that target LdtR, as a potential treatment option for Huanglongbing disease.
Effect of organic solvent and Brønsted acid on 5-hydroxymethylfurfural preparation from glucose over CrCl<sub>3</sub> (2015)

An investigation of the effect of solvent and Brønsted acid on the mechanism of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural preparation from glucose over CrCl<sub>3</sub>by experimental and computational study.
Expression of interleukin 10 in B lymphocytes of different origin. (1993)

Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a strong B-cell-activating factor. Since murine Ly1-positive peritoneal or lymphoma B cells strongly express IL-10, we examined malignant cells from patients with acute and chronic leukemias by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the expression of IL-10 mRNA. High expression was found in three out of four samples from CD10+, CD5- common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) cells, whereas T-ALL samples generally did not contain IL-10 mRNA. In contrast to the murine system, only low levels of IL-10 expression were seen in 10 out of 11 samples from patients with CD5+ CLL. Myeloid derived cell lines were negative for IL-10. Epstein Barr virus (EBV) positive and negative Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell lines showed heterogenous IL-10 expression: BL cell lines with a nonactivated germinal center phenotype (CD10+, CD77+, CD23-, CD30-, CDw70-) expressed little or no IL-10, whereas EBV-positive and negative BL cell lines with an activated phenotype (CD77-, CD23+, CD30+, CDw70+) expressed easily detectable amounts of IL-10 mRNA. The highest expression of IL-10 was found in EBV-immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL). Upon superinfection with non-defective EBV, the EBV-negative cell line BL 41 up-regulated IL-10 expression. Thus, in vivo IL-10 expression is not restricted to cells showing a specific (CD5+) phenotype. IL-10 may play an important role in c-ALL. The expression of IL-10 in BL cell lines is correlated to an activated phenotype in vitro and is independent of the EBV carrier status. EBV can induce IL-10 expression.
MPEG2 video decoder and AC-3 audio decoder LSIs for DVD player (1997)

We have developed the MPEG2 video decoder and the AC-3 audio decoder LSIs for the DVD player. These decoder LSIs together with single 16 Mbit SDRAM and D/A converters realize the audio/video processing unit with a small number of components for the DVD player. The video decoder LSI adopts the RISC controller to control the dedicated processing hardware cores and a design to integrate the frame memory and bitstream buffers into a single external memory. The audio decoder LSI adopts a 24-bit fixed point DSP core and the dedicated AC-3 accelerator circuit to reduce the amount of software processing in the AC-3 audio decoding.
Axiomatic Design of Mold System for Advance of Foaming Magnitude (2001)

Polymer materials have a lot of merits including the low cost and the easiness of forming. For these reasons they are widely using at many manufacturing industries. Microcellular foaming process appeared at MIT in 1980s to save a quantity of material and increase mechanical properties. There are many process variables in appling microcellular foaming process to the conventional injection molding process. They can be solved by using Axiomatic Design Method which is very useful design method for designing a new product. Its main character is scientific and analytical. The information about the thickness of cavity plays an important role in making an effective foam. The goal of this research is to design mold system for advance of foaming magnitude with axiomatic design method. There is a relation between the change of cavitys thickness and foaming magnitude made after inserting a gas. R/t is a conception that indicate proportion between radius and thickness of cavity in mold system. By means of SEM observation of side surface of cavity sample, foaming magnitude of polymer in microcellular foaming process is decreasing gradually as the value of R/t is increasing. In this paper, an advanced mold system was presented by mapping the relation between functional requirements and design parameters.
Dopamine (2001)

Abstract Dopamine acts as a neurotransmitter, or chemical messenger, between cells in the brain and elsewhere, in a variety of organisms from simple invertebrates to humans. It exerts an important influence on many aspects of brain functioning, from control of movement to higher cognitive processes.
Macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance in Staphylococcus lentus results from the integration of part of a transposon into a small plasmid (1996)

The 8.0-kb macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance plasmid pSES20 from Staphylococcus lentus harbored part of a Tn917-like transposon including the left terminal repeat, a gene almost identical to ermB, and its regulatory region, as well as the internal direct repeat. Homology between pSES20 and Tn917 ended at a sequence closely related to those of the resolution sites of Tn917 and Tn552 and staphylococcal recombination sites.
Synthesis of Benzylidene and Azo Containing Polymers for Photophisical Application (2013)

In the present work, the polymers built with the use of the free radical polymerization of methacrylic monomers incorporating an azobenzene side-group and monomers with benzylidene fragments have been synthesized.The polymerization was carried out in DMF with AIBN as initiator.The products of polymerization were characterized by HNMR.The results of investigations of photochemical and optical activities of the corresponding polymers are presented.
Predicting order lead times (2015)

Entering on market, companies confront with different problems. But the largest problems of today's time are too long lead times of orders. A client that wants a particular product to be made will select the best bidder considering on delivery time. To make a bid just on the basis of experience of employees is very risky nowadays. Therefore we propose a procedure by which - on the basis of actual lead times of orders processed in the company's workplaces in the past - expected lead times of planned (and indirectly - production) orders can be predicted. The result of the proposed procedure is an empirical distribution of possible lead times for the new order, and on the basis of this distribution it is possible to predict the most probable lead time of a new order. Using the proposed procedure, the sales department can make a prediction for the customer about delivery time of the planned order. As an illustration of the procedure for predicting lead times of orders, a case study is presented: lead time of order for the for manufacturing the filter housing was predicted; the tool is manufactured in the Slovenian company ETI Ltd.
Advanced Scintillators and Readout Devices for High-Energy Astronomy (2010)

Among the top priorities for high-energy astronomy in the coming decade are sensitive all-sky surveys in the poorly explored hard X-ray and medium-energy gamma-ray bands. Such observations have historically been carried out by instruments based on inorganic scintillators read out by photo-multiplier tubes. Scintillator detectors are robust, simple, and low-cost, and offer large volumes, high stopping power, and fast timing. Recent technological advances in scintillator materials and readout devices offer the promise of greatly improved energy resolution and timing combined with lower overall instrument mass, volume, and power requirements. We therefore believe that investing in the development of advanced scintillators and readout devices will pay off in the form of sensitive, cost-effective gamma-ray observatories.
The "morning after pill". (1971)

In this letter to the editor the author discusses the course of postcoital estrogens in adequate dosage as a highly effective and safe form of postcoital form of contraception. In a series of 30 cases started on a dosage of 5 mg of stilbestrol 5 times a day for 5 days within 72 hours of unprotected coitus no pregnancies occurred. An antiemetic was given concurrently to control nausea and vomiting.
Performance improvement of the HDR system due to hybrid ARQ (2002)

One of the main improvements that the 1xEV-DO (IS-856) standard adds to the original HDR proposal is the hybrid automatic repeat request (H-ARQ) mechanism. The H-ARQ scheme combines error correction, error detection, soft packet combining and incremental redundancy. H-ARQ reduces the required forward link SINR and thereby improves overall system capacity, particularly in mobile environments. We present simulation results comparing the aggregate throughput of CDMA HDR systems with and without H-ARQ. We find that H-ARQ gives greatest gain at moderate to high mobile speeds and also at cell-edge locations, where the mean received Ec/Io is small. The addition of H-ARQ more than doubles the aggregate throughput for mobile speeds above 21 km/h.
Minimum $Q$ Electrically Small Antennas (2012)

Theoretically, the minimum radiation quality factor <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> of an isolated resonance can be achieved in a spherical electrically small antenna by combining TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1m</sub> and TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1m</sub> spherical modes, provided that the stored energy in the antenna spherical volume is totally suppressed. Using closed-form expressions for the stored energies obtained through the vector spherical wave theory, it is shown that a magnetic-coated metal core reduces the internal stored energy of both TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1m</sub> and TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1m</sub> modes simultaneously, so that a self-resonant antenna with the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> approaching the fundamental minimum is created. Numerical results for a multiarm spherical helix antenna confirm the theoretical predictions. For example, a 4-arm spherical helix antenna with a magnetic-coated perfectly electrically conducting core ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ka</i> =0.254) exhibits the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> of 0.66 times the Chu lower bound, or 1.25 times the minimum <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> .
Application of Multidimensional Item Response Theory Models to Longitudinal Data (2006)

The application of multidimensional item response theory (IRT) models to longitudinal educational surveys where students are repeatedly measured is discussed and exemplified. A marginal maximum likelihood (MML) method to estimate the parameters of a multidimensional generalized partial credit model for repeated measures is presented. It is shown that model fit can be evaluated using Lagrange multiplier tests. Two tests are presented: the first aims at evaluation of the fit of the item response functions and the second at the constancy of the item location parameters over time points. The outcome of the latter test is compared with an analysis using scatter plots and linear regression. An analysis of data from a school effectiveness study in Flanders (Belgium) is presented as an example of the application of these methods. In the example, it is evaluated whether the concepts “academic self-concept,” “well-being at school,” and “attentiveness in the classroom” were constant during the secondary school period.
Life After Life (2001)

Algae are composed of a branched community of giant multinucleate cells. As in all walks of life, algal cells may sustain life-threatening injuries such as a breach of cellular integrity. Kim et al. describe a process by which damaged giant cells of the green alga Bryopsis plumosa can regenerate multiple small cells from extruded protoplasm. In seawater, the extruded intracellular organelles coalesce, swirling around to rapidly become covered by a gelatinous envelope composed of polysaccharides. Inside this envelope, which appears to act as a temporary cell membrane, a new lipid-based membrane forms over the subsequent 9 to 12 hours. This rescue process appears to be a very efficient method of recovering from a potentially fatal situation—from a single damaged algal branch, approximately 1000 cells can form, 40% of which can go on to produce new plants. — SMH
Assessment Method of Effective Data for Duplex TPMS Communications (2012)

TPMS(Tire Pressure Monitoring System) using the wireless communication technique is defined as the safety aid system to efficiently realize and manage the condition of tires in the vehicle. The wireless communication system of TPMS should suffers from various noise and interferences such as signals of each tire sensor or outside electrical equipments. In order to retain the data reliability of TPMS, we propose an assessment method of the data reliability based on signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) of the received signal. The proposed technique can be widely applied to wireless duplex communication systems based on various sensors. We verify critical SINR values to satisfy data reliabilities of 95%, 97%, and 99% through computer simulation.
Morphology of All‐Solution‐Processed “Bilayer” Organic Solar Cells (2010)

We investigate the evolution of the vertical morphology in a solution-processed P3HT/PCBM “bilayer” organic solar cell using a combination of techniques, including neutron reflectometry. By correlating the device performance with the active layer morphology, we establish that the solution processed bilayer concept is a misnomer and sequential solution processing is an elegant way to make bulk heterojunction organic solar cells with high efficiency.
Authentication gets personal with biometrics (2004)

Securing the exchange of intellectual property and providing protection to multimedia contents in distribution systems have enabled the advent of digital rights management (DRM) systems. User authentication, a key component of any DRM system, ensures that only those with specific rights are able to access the digital information. It is here that biometrics play an essential role. It reinforces security at all stages where customer authentication is needed. Biometric recognition, as a means of personal authentication, is an emerging signal processing area focused on increasing security and convenience of use in applications where users need to be securely identified. In this article, we outline the state-of-the-art of several popular biometric modalities and technologies and provide specific applications where biometric recognition may be beneficially incorporated. In addition, the article also discussed integration strategies of biometric authentication technologies into DRM systems that satisfy the needs and requirements of consumers, content providers, and payment brokers, securing delivery channels and contents.
Flash thermal desorption as an alternative to solvent extraction for the determination of C8-C35 hydrocarbons in oil shales (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFlash thermal desorption as an alternative to solvent extraction for the determination of C8-C35 hydrocarbons in oil shalesPhillip T. Crisp, John. Ellis, Jan W. De Leeuw, and Pieter A. SchenckCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 1, 258–261Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00292a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00292a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: ERGOLINE DERIVATIVES WITH ORAL, PROLONGED, α‐ADRENOLYTIC ACTIVITY (1978)

The alpha-adrenolytic activity of 1-methyl-10-methoxydihydrolysergol 2-(3,5-dimethyl)pyrrolcarboxylate (XV, formula II) is, both in vitro and parenterally, quite similar to that of dihydroergotamine. By oral route the new compound is more active, and longer lasting than dihydroergotamine.
Targeted Therapy for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Glimpse Into the Future (2011)

ning of a revolution in the treatment of CLL, with a series of small molecules in various stages of clinical development that target novel aspects of CLL biology. This progress results from a better understanding of the biology of CLL, including a realization that it is often a quite proliferative disease, depends on the tissue microenvironment, and upregulates antiapoptotic pathways to avoid programmed cell death. In addition, the mechanisms by which CLL develops resistance to conventional chemotherapy are becomingbetterdefined.Theseinsightsarenowleadingtothedevelopmentofagentsthatspecificallytargetthepathophysiologyofthe disease. The logical combination of these agents promises to dramatically alter the treatment of CLL and may eventually lead to therapy that is both more effective and less toxic. The strategy of targeting Bcl-2 through navitoclax is an important first step in changing our therapeutic approach in CLL.
Preliminary analysis of a randomized comparison of 5-fluorouracil versus 5-fluorouracil and high-dose continuous-infusion folinic acid in disseminated colorectal cancer. (1987)

In this study, 50 patients were randomly assigned to treatment with 5-fluorouracil (FUra) or FUra plus high-dose continuous-infusion folinic acid. Five of 27 evaluable patients in the FUra group versus 10 of 21 patients in the FUra plus folinic acid arm of the study had objective partial remissions, P = 0.02. Time to progression was 3.9 months for FUra and 8.0 months for FUra and folinic acid, P = 0.006; however, median survivals (11.9 versus 14.5 months) were not different in this crossover study. Toxicity in both treatment arms was mild, although patients receiving FUra plus folinic acid experienced significantly more stomatitis than patients treated with FUra alone. This study suggests that high-dose, continuous-infusion folinic acid, which produces a steady-state level of biologically active folates of 10 microM, significantly increases the therapeutic activity of FUra.