gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser-induced plasma-assisted ablation (LIPAA): fundamental and industrial applications (2006)

The laser-induced plasma-assisted ablation (LIPAA) process developed by our group, in which a single conventional pulsed laser is only used, makes it possible to perform high-quality and high-speed glass microfabrication. Up to the present, this process has been widely applied for micromachining of various transparent hard and soft materials. In this process, the laser beam first passes through the glass substrate since the laser beam has no absorption by the substrate. Then, the transmitted beam is absorbed by a solid target (typically a metal), located behind the substrate so that the target is ablated, resulting in plasma generation. Due to the interaction of the laser beam and the laser-induced plasma, significant ablation takes place at the rear surface of the substrate. Recently, we have developed the proto-type LIPAA system using a second harmonic of diode pumped Q-switched Nd:YAG laser for the practical use. In this paper, we demonstrate micromachining, crack-free marking and color marking of glass materials. Additionally, selective metallization of glass and polyimide by the LIPAA process followed by metal chemical-plating is investigated. A possible mechanism of LIPAA is also discussed based on the results from double pulse irradiation using near-IR fs laser, transient absorption measurement and plasma-conductivity measurement.
Fungichromin:  A Substance from <i>Streptomyces padanus</i> with Inhibitory Effects on <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> (2002)

Streptomyces padanus strain PMS-702 is an antagonist of Rhizoctonia solani AG-4, the causal agent of damping-off of cabbage. Treatment of cabbage seeds with the culture filtrate of S. padanus strain PMS-702 was effective in reducing the incidence of damping-off of cabbage. The major active ingredient from the culture filtrate of S. padanus strain PMS-702 was purified by silica gel column chromatography and identified as the polyene macrolide, fungichromin, by NMR and mass spectral data. Bioassay studies showed that fungichromin had a strong antifungal activity against R. solani AG-4, and its minimum inhibitory concentration (over 90% inhibition) was found to be 72 microg/mL. This is the first report of fungichromin from S. padanus as an active ingredient for the control of Rhizoctonia damping-off of cabbage.
BotSeer: An Automated Information System for Analyzing Web Robots (2008)

Robots.txt files are vital to the Web since they are supposed to regulate what search engines can and cannot crawl. We present BotSeer, a Web-based information system and search tool that provides resources and services for researching Web robots and trends in Robot exclusion protocol deployment and adherence. BotSeer currently indexes and analyzes 2.2 million robots.txt files obtained from 13.2 million Websites, as well as a large Web server log of real-world robot behavior and related analyses. BotSeer provides three major services including robots.txt searching, robot bias analysis, and robot-generated log analysis. BotSeer serves as are source for studying the regulation and behavior of Web robots as well as a tool to inform the creation of effective robots.txt files and crawler implementations.
Inhibition of Toxic Shock by Human Monoclonal Antibodies against Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (2010)

Results suggest that these human monoclonal antibodies possess high affinity, target specificity, and toxin neutralization qualities essential for any therapeutic agent.
Study on the Bile Salts from Sunfish, Mola mola L. I. The Structures of Sodium Cyprinol Sulfates, the Sodium Salt of a New Bile Acid Conjugated with Taurine, and a New Bile Alcohol and Its New Sodium Sulfates. (1998)

New sodium bile alcohol sulfates (1a and 1b), two sodium cyprinol sulfates (2a and 2b), and the sodium salt of a new bile acid conjugated with taurine (3) were isolated from the bile of sunfish, Mola mola L., by chromatography on silica gel and octadecylsilane (ODS), together with sodium taurocholate (4). On hydrolysis with pyridine and dioxane, the new sulfates 1a and 1b both afforded a new bile alcohol (5), whose structure was determined to be 5β-cholestane-3α, 7, α11α, 26, 27-pentol, based on the physico-chemical data. On the basis of this result and their physiochemical data, the new sulfates were established as (25S)- and (25R)-(+)-3α, 7α, 11α, 26-tetrahydroxy-5β-cholestan-27-yl sodium sulfate. Based on the physicochemical data and chemical transformations, the sodium cyprinol sulfates were identified as (25S)- and (25R)-(+)-3α, 7α, 12α, 26-tetrahydroxy-5β-cholestan-27-yl sodium sulfate and compound 3 as sodium 2-[[3α, 7α, 11α-trihydroxy-24-oxo-5β-cholan-24-yl]amino]ethanesulfonate.
Comparative Genomic Analysis of <i>dha</i> Regulon and Related Genes for Anaerobic Glycerol Metabolism in Bacteria (2003)

The dihydroxyacetone (dha) regulon of bacteria encodes genes for the anaerobic metabolism of glycerol. In this work, genomic data are used to analyze and compare the dha regulon and related genes in different organisms in silico with respect to gene organization, sequence similarity, and possible functions. Database searches showed that among the organisms, the genomes of which have been sequenced so far, only two, i.e., Klebsiella pneumoniae MGH 78578 and Clostridium perfringens contain a complete dha regulon bearing all known enzymes. The components and their organization in the dha regulon of these two organisms differ considerably from each other and also from the previously partially sequenced dha regulons in Citrobacter freundii, Clostridium pasteurianum, and Clostridium butyricum. Unlike all of the other organisms, genes for the oxidative and reductive pathways of anaerobic glycerol metabolism in C. perfringens are located in two separate organization units on the chromosome. Comparisons of deduced protein sequences of genes with similar functions showed that the dha regulon components in K. pneumoniae and C. freundii have high similarities (80-95%) but lower similarities to those of the Clostridium species (30-80%). Interestingly, the protein sequence similarities among the dha genes of the Clostridium species are in many cases even lower than those between the Clostridium species and K. pneumoniae or C. freundii, suggesting two different types of dha regulon in the Clostridium species studied. The in silico reconstruction and comparison of dha regulons revealed several new genes in the microorganisms studied. In particular, a novel dha kinase that is phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent is identified and experimentally confirmed for K. pneumoniae in addition to the known ATP-dependent dha kinase. This finding gives new insights into the regulation of glycerol metabolism in K. pneumoniae and explains some hitherto not well understood experimental observations.
Aircraft Taxi Route Planning for A-SMGCS Based on Discrete Event Dynamic System modeling (2010)

To implement taxi route planning for aircrafts in Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS), discrete event dynamic system (DEDS) modeling method is adopted. The surface movement model based on Petri Nets is proposed taking into account the runway, taxiways and apron running regulations. The surface movement controlling regulations are defined and the conflict detection and resolution is transformed into the state forbidden problem. To describe dynamic behaviors of aircraft surface movement model, the enabling, firing rule and the staying time window are defined. The dynamic route is optimized from static admissible routes. The result of planning indicates that dynamic route planned can decrease the potential conflicts, reduce waiting time of aircrafts and increase the capacity of airport.
Separators for absorbed electrolyte recombinant batteries (1986)

Starved electrolyte gas recombinant batteries are a fast growing segment of the lead-acid market. There is a great deal of development being carried out using the recombinant technology. New batteries of this design have been commercialized this year and more will probably be introduced next year. All of these batteries are sealed so that they can operate above atmospheric pressure, and all of them contain a highly porous, and partially saturated glass microfiber separator. The separator is white, pliable, and ribless. The separator is the key element of these batteries since it permits gas recombination to take place. The recombination of gas within the battery makes it possible to seal the battery. The operation of these batteries is discussed.
Pesticides increase seed yields of late safflower (1969)

Pesticide applications have significantly increased safflower seed yields when treatments were made twice to late-planted, irrigated safflower. Severe bud damage and blasting often occurs because plant bloom and bud development is not underway until July or August, and the higher summer populations of lygus bugs and flower thrips feed on and injure the buds.
Plasma processing of low-k dielectrics (2013)

This paper presents an in-depth overview of the present status and novel developments in the field of plasma processing of low dielectric constant (low-k) materials developed for advanced interconnects in ULSI technology. The paper summarizes the major achievements accomplished during the last 10 years. It includes analysis of advanced experimental techniques that have been used, which are most appropriate for low-k patterning and resist strip, selection of chemistries, patterning strategies, masking materials, analytical techniques, and challenges appearing during the integration. Detailed discussions are devoted to the etch mechanisms of low-k materials and their degradation during the plasma processing. The problem of k-value degradation (plasma damage) is a key issue for the integration, and it is becoming more difficult and challenging as the dielectric constant of low-k materials scales down. Results obtained with new experimental methods, like the small gap technique and multi-beams systems with separated sources of ions, vacuum ultraviolet light, and radicals, are discussed in detail. The methods allowing reduction of plasma damage and restoration of dielectric properties of damaged low-k materials are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THIAZOLIDINEDIONES: A POTENT BIOLOGICAL AGENT (2017)

Cardio vascular risk associated with the metabolic syndrome and the state of being subject to death in patients are the serious concerns in clinical exercise. Thiazolidinedione's act as supporting medium of the peroxisome proliferator receptor () improving blood glucose control by reducing insulin reluctance. The use of thiazolidinedione's (TZDs) in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with an increased risk of peripheral edema. TZD's although help to regulate blood glucose levels, however, recent statistical procedure describes limitations of TZD's such as rosiglitazone in controlling CVS disorders by combining data from multiple studies. In this article we have depicted the role of Thiazolidinedione's on other phenomenal pharmacological activities other than anti-diabetic.
Speciation of toxicologically important transition metals using ion chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection (1994)

Speciation of vanadium(IV) and (V) using a mixed mode high-performance liquid chromatography column with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry detection was investigated. Nickel(II), chromium(III) and (VI) were also separated using the same column. The effect on the separation by varying the pH of the mobile phase and the ionic strength were studied. The absolute detection limits in aqueous media were 0.024 ng for vanadium(v) and 0.114 ng for vanadium(IV). The speciation of vanadium in National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2670 (Toxic metals in Freeze-Dried Urine, Elevated Level) was also accomplished. Using a slight modification of the mobile phase, the speciation of chromium(III) and (VI), as well as nickel(II) was accomplished. Absolute detection limits for chromium(III) at m/z 52 and 53 were 0.042 and 0.017 ng, respectively and for chromium(VI) at the same masses were 0.055 and 0.022 ng, respectively. Absolute limits of detection for nickel obtained were 0.031 ng and the speciation of nickel(II) in SRM 2670 was also demonstrated.
Systemically replicated organic and inorganic bony microenvironment for new bone formation generated by a 3D printing technology (2016)

3D-printed bioimplants for enhanced bone defect healing using decellularized and demineralized ECM coating.
High-Power ${X}$ -Band 5-b GaN Phase Shifter With Monolithic Integrated E/D HEMTs Control Logic (2017)

A high-power X-band GaN-based 5-b digital phase shifter with control logic circuit on-chip is demonstrated for the first time, which is implemented with monolithic integrated GaN E/D HEMTs fabrication process. Gate trench etching together with Al2O3 as gate dielectric is used to form the gate of the E-mode GaN HEMTs. Switched filter and high-pass/low-pass topology are used to design the 11.25°/22.5° and 45°/90°/180° phase shifters, respectively. A novel three stages control logic circuit is described and characterized. The fabricated 5-b phase shifter demonstrates an rms phase error less than 4.5°, an rms amplitude error less than 0.6 dB, an insertion loss less than 11 dB, and an input-output return loss better than -10 dB across 8.5-11.5 GHz for all 32 states. In addition, the phase shifter exhibits a typical P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1 dB</sub> input power of 34.8 dBm in the continuous wave power handling capability measurement at 9 GHz.
Reviews of Books (1940)

Journal Article Reviews of Books Get access Kaiser Karl VII und die grossen Mächte, 1740–1745. FRITZ Von WAGNER. (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1938.) A. M. WILSON A. M. WILSON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LV, Issue CCXX, October 1940, Pages 665–666, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LV.CCXX.665 Published: 01 October 1940
<sup>18</sup>O labeled nucleosides. 1. A general method for the synthesis of specifically labeled pyrimidine deoxyribosides (1982)

Abstract A facile method for the preparation of 18 O labeled pyrimidine deoxyribosides is described. The method provides a means of selectively labeling the base, sugar or both the base and sugar moieties with high levels of 18 O. Thymidine is used as a model to illustrate the method. The site and level of label was established using mass spectrometry.
Aerodynamic performance theory for the NRC vertical-axis wind turbine (1974)

A theory, suitable for digital computation, has been developed that accounts for the main features of the performance of the NRC vertical-axis wind turbine. The turbine is described in Reference 1. The theory takes into account the curved blade shape, and the effects of aerofoil stalling on performance. A comparison is made between theoretical and experimental power coefficient and rotor drag coefficient. Numerical results are presented to show the theoretical effects of geometric variables such as blade solidity and rotor height-diameter ratio, and of variations in aerofoil aerodynamic characteristics.
Co-optimization of communication and motion planning of a robotic operation in fading environments (2011)

In this paper, we consider the scenario where a robot needs to maximize the amount of information it sends to a fixed station as it moves along a predefined trajectory. We consider the case where the robot operates under energy and time constraints and has to jointly consider its motion and communication costs. We then show how the robot can co-optimize its velocity, motion energy and transmission rate/power along the trajectory, by using our recently-proposed probabilistic wireless channel assessment framework. Our mathematical analysis and simulation results show how our proposed co-optimization framework results in a considerably more efficient use of the available resources.
Camptothecin and Analogues (1993)

A large number of camptothecin (CPT) analogs have been prepared in the 20(S), 20(RS) and 20(R) configurations with a number of ring A substituents. Topoisomerase 1 (T-1) inhibition data (IC50) has been obtained by standard procedures. In general, substitution at the 9 or 10 positions with amino, halogeno or hydroxyl groups in compounds with 20(S) configuration results in compounds with enhanced T-1 inhibition. Compounds in the 20(RS) configuration were less active in vitro and in vivo and those in the 20(R) configuration were inactive. Compounds with 10,11-methylenedioxy substitution in ring A displayed a marked increase in potency in T-1 inhibition assay. The activities of some of the analogs were determined in vivo L-1210 mouse leukemia assay and in general were in accord with T-1 inhibition. A number of water soluble analogs such as 20-glycinate esters, 9-glycinamides, or hydrolyzed lactone salts were prepared and tested in vivo and in vivo assays. In general, these compounds were less active than CPT both in terms of T-1 inhibition and life prolongation in the L-1210 assay. However, certain 20-glycinate esters showed good in vivo activity after IV administration.
Involvement of Sl00–related Calcium–binding Protein pEL98 (or mts1) in Cell Motility and Tumor Cell Invasion (1994)

We examined the relationship between cell motility and the expressions of pEL98 (mts1) mRNA and protein in various murine normal and transformed cells. The expression of pEL98 (mts1) in v-Ha-ras-transformed NIH3T3 cells and in normal rat kidney cells transformed by either v-Ha-ras or v-src was increased over that in the corresponding parental cells at both mRNA and protein levels. The expression in normal rat fibroblasts (3Y1) transformed by v-Ha-ras was also increased compared with that in 3Y1 cells. However, the expression of pEL98 (mts1) in 3Y1 cells transformed by v-src was increased in one clone (src 3Y1-K), but decreased in another clone (src 3Y1-H). The expression level of pEL98 (mts1) correlated well with cell motility, which was examined by measuring cell tracks by phagokinesis. In order to test direct involvement of the pEL98 (mts1) protein in cell motility, src 3Y1-H cells that showed low cell motility were transfected with pEL98 cDNA. The transfectants expressing large amounts of the pEL98 protein showed significantly higher cell motility than src 3Y1-H cells. The expression of pEL98 (mts1) was also found to be correlated with motile and invasive abilities in various clones derived from Lewis lung carcinoma. These results suggest that the pEL98 (mts1) protein plays a role in regulating cell motility and tumor cell invasiveness.
Stereochemical Models for Rh-Catalyzed Amination Reactions of Chiral Sulfamates (2003)

Oxidative C-H amination of chiral sulfamate esters using achiral Rh-carboxylate catalysts, PhI(OAc)(2), and MgO occurs in high yield and with good to excellent diastereocontrol. A number of examples are included to support a proposed transition state model that accounts for the observed stereoinduction. In addition, stereoselective intramolecular aziridination with substituted homoallyl sulfamates is demonstrated and is rationalized through an analogous stereochemical construct. [reaction: see text]
Molecular Responses to Aphid Feeding in Arabidopsis in Relation to Plant Defense Pathways (2001)

Little is known about molecular responses in plants to phloem feeding by insects. The induction of genes associated with wound and pathogen response pathways was investigated following green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) feeding on Arabidopsis. Aphid feeding on rosette leaves induced transcription of two genes associated with salicylic acid (SA)-dependent responses to pathogens (PR-1 and BGL2) 10- and 23-fold, respectively. Induction of PR-1 and BGL2 mRNA was reduced in npr1 mutant plants, which are deficient in SA signaling. Application of the SA analog benzothiadiazole led to decreases in aphid reproduction on leaves of both wild-type plants and mutant plants deficient in responsiveness to SA, suggesting that wild-type SA-dependent responses do not influence resistance to aphids. Two-fold increases occurred in mRNA levels of PDF1.2, which encodes defensin, a peptide involved in the jasmonate (JA)-/ethylene-dependent response pathway. Transcripts encoding JA-inducible lipoxygenase (LOX2) and SA/JA-inducible Phe-ammonia lyase increased 1.5- to 2-fold. PDF1.2 and LOX2 induction by aphids did not occur in infested leaves of the JA-resistant coi1-1 mutant. Aphid feeding induced 10-fold increases in mRNA levels of a stress-related monosaccharide symporter gene, STP4. Phloem feeding on Arabidopsis leads to stimulation of response pathways associated with both pathogen infection and wounding.
DnaB Helicase Is Unable to Dissociate RNA-DNA Hybrids (1998)

A series of plasmids were constructed containing two unidirectional ColE1 replication origins in either the same or opposite orientations and their replication mode was investigated using two-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis. The results obtained showed that, in these plasmids, initiation of DNA replication occurred at only one of the two potential origins per replication round regardless of origins orientation. In those plasmids with inversely oriented origins, the silent origin act as a polar pausing site for the replication fork initiated at the other origin. The distance between origins (up to 5.8 kilobase pairs) affected neither the interference between them to initiate replication nor the pausing function of the silent origin. A deletion analysis indicated that the presence of a transcription promoter upstream of the origin was the only essential requirement for it to initiate replication as well as to account for its polar pausing function. Finally, in vitro helicase assays showed that Escherichia coli DnaB is able to melt DNA-DNA homoduplexes but is very inefficient to unwind RNA-DNA hybrids. Altogether, these observations strongly suggest that replication forks pause at silent ColE1 origins due to the inability of DnaB helicase, which leads the replication fork in vivo, to unwind RNA-DNA hybrids.
Pose search: Retrieving people using their pose (2009)

We describe a method for retrieving shots containing a particular 2D human pose from unconstrained movie and TV videos. The method involves first localizing the spatial layout of the head, torso and limbs in individual frames using pictorial structures, and associating these through a shot by tracking. A feature vector describing the pose is then constructed from the pictorial structure. Shots can be retrieved either by querying on a single frame with the desired pose, or through a pose classifier trained from a set of pose examples. Our main contribution is an effective system for retrieving people based on their pose, and in particular we propose and investigate several pose descriptors which are person, clothing, background and lighting independent. As a second contribution, we improve the performance over existing methods for localizing upper body layout on unconstrained video. We compare the spatial layout pose retrieval to a baseline method where poses are retrieved using a HOG descriptor. Performance is assessed on five episodes of the TV series 'Buffy the Vampire Slayer', and pose retrieval is demonstrated also on three Hollywood movies..