gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterisation of cyclometallated palladium(<scp>ii</scp>) complexes with phosphine–carboxylate and phosphine–amide ligands (2003)

The coordination properties of hybrid phosphino-amide ligands o-Ph2PC6H4CONHR [R = iPr (a), Ph (b)] have been investigated. New cyclometallated palladium(II) complexes in which a and b act as P-monodentate ligands have been synthesised by reacting them with selected cyclometallated precursors containing bridging chloride or acetate groups. The crystal structures of the compounds [Pd(Bzq)(o-Ph2PC6H4CO–NHiPr)(Cl)] and [Pd(Phox)(o-Ph2PC6H4CO–NHiPr)(CH3COO)] (Bzq = 7,8-benzoquinolyl; Phox = 2-(2-oxazolinyl)phenyl) have been determined. Hemilability of coordinated ligand b is detected when it appears combined with certain cyclometallated backbones. A rigid P,O-chelating behaviour of the ligands, confirmed by the crystal structure determination of [Pd(Bzq)(o-Ph2PC6H4CO–NHiPr)][PF6], is observed in complexes obtained by adding stoichiometric KPF6 to [Pd(C^N)(μ-Cl)]2 compounds. The reactions of hydroxo-bridged precursors [Pd(C^N)(μ-OH)]2 with a and b afforded mononuclear derivatives in which a less common anionic P,N-binding mode is exhibited. The crystal structure of Pd(Phpy)(o-Ph2PC6H4CO–NiPr)] (Phpy = 2-phenylpyridine) is also reported. Furthermore, related compounds with phosphino-carboxylate ligands have been prepared by direct reaction between 2-(diphenylphosphinobenzoic) acid and [Pd(C^N)(μ-CH3COO)]2 precursors, and the X-ray structures of [Pd(C^N)(o-Ph2PC6H4COO)] (C^N = Bzq and Phpy) have been determined.
Structural studies on bovine γ-crystallin (1971)

The amino acid sequences around the cysteine residues in the lens protein, gamma-crystallin, were studied. Fraction II of the gamma-crystallin from calf lens (Björk, 1964) was used. The protein was oxidized with performic acid and then hydrolysed with trypsin. Six peptides containing cysteic acid were isolated. One of the peptides contained three residues of cysteic acid and the others contained one residue of cysteic acid. We conclude that there are eight unique residues of cysteic acid in the oxidized protein. Amino acid analysis suggests that there are also eight residues of cysteic acid in the molecule, which thus contains only one polypeptide chain.
Enzyme Nanoband Electrodes (1993)

Abstract Enzyme nanoelectrodes have been constructed by immobilizing glucose oxidase, alcohol oxidase or tyrosinase onto ultrathin carbon films (of 35–50 nm thickness). The enzyme immobilization is accomplished via entrapment within electropolymerized poly(o-phenylenediamine) coatings. Cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential amperometry are used to characterize the performance of the new nanoscopic biosensors under different preparation and operation conditions. The resulting electrodes offer convenient and rapid measurements of millimolar substrate concentrations, and (to the best of our knowledge) are the smallest enzyme probes reported to date. Key Words: Enzyme microsensorsCarbon filmsGlucose
A High-Performance Microprocessor-Based FFT Processor (1978)

A high-performance FFT processor based on a microprogrammable microprocessor is described here. The system processes a 256-point complex transform in less than 5.3 ms and is capable of processing a variable length (4 to 256, radix-2) complex transform. The system uses fixed point arithmetic, and each complex piece of data consists of a 16-bit 2's complement real part and a 16-bit 2's complement imaginary part. The hardware consists of Intel 3000-bit-slice microprocessor, TRW's multiplier chip (MPY 16A-J), input and output RAM's, control PROM's, and some TTL logic.
Issues concerning "Greenification" of Green Food Enterprises (2013)

We redefine "green food enterprises" and expound the connotation of "greenification" of food processing industry. Taking the case of Heilongjiang Province, we give an overview of green food enterprises in Heilongjiang Province, and study the degree of "greenification" of food processing industry in Heilongjiang Province, through the case study of related enterprises. There are some problems in the process of pushing forward "greenification" of food processing industry, such as the high cost of production, varying quality of products, weak R & D capability and the distance limitations of raw material places and the consumer market. The following recommendations are put forth for promoting the "greenification" of food enterprises: (i) Reducing the production costs of green food, and improving the "greenification rate"; (ii) Intensifying policy support, and creating a "green" environment; (iii) Strengthening quality control, and improving consumers' trust in green food; (iv) Establishing the network of green marketing, and broadening sales channels of green food.
Peptide Nanovesicles Formed by the Self-Assembly of Branched Amphiphilic Peptides (2012)

Peptide-based packaging systems show great potential as safer drug delivery systems. They overcome problems associated with lipid-based or viral delivery systems, vis-a-vis stability, specificity, inflammation, antigenicity, and tune-ability. Here, we describe a set of 15 & 23-residue branched, amphiphilic peptides that mimic phosphoglycerides in molecular architecture. These peptides undergo supramolecular self-assembly and form solvent-filled, bilayer delimited spheres with 50-200 nm diameters as confirmed by TEM, STEM and DLS. Whereas weak hydrophobic forces drive and sustain lipid bilayer assemblies, these all-peptide structures are stabilized potentially by both hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds and remain intact at low micromolar concentrations and higher temperatures. A linear peptide lacking the branch point showed no self-assembly properties. We have observed that these peptide vesicles can trap fluorescent dye molecules within their interior and are taken up by N/N 1003A rabbit lens epithelial cells grown in culture. These assemblies are thus potential drug delivery systems that can overcome some of the key limitations of the current packaging systems.
FTA 및 국제기구 참여가 WTO 분쟁해결절차 이용에 미치는 영향 (2018)

냉전시대부터 존재해 온 국제 협정과 기구는 이와 비슷한 목표와 역할을 가지고 탈냉전시대에 탄생한 수많은 새로운 국제 협정과 기구들로부터 어떠한 영향을 받는가? 이 질문에 대해 일부 학자들은 부정적 영향을 받을 수 있다고 주장하고 있다. 이 연구는 냉전시대에 기원을 두고 있는 국제기구 중 하나인 WTO의 경우에는 어떠한지를 검토하는데 그 목표가 있다. 즉 WTO의 분쟁해결절차의 이용 혹은 제소 건수가 이 기구의 회원국들이 참여한 다자적, 혹은 양자적 FTA의 경험과 국제기구 경험으로부터 긍정적 영향을 받는지, 혹은 부정적 영향을 받는지를 분석하고 있다. 이 분석은, 일부 학자들의 주장과는 달리, WTO가 출범한 1995년부터 2016년까지 모든 회원국들을 분석 대상으로 할 때 그들의 FTA 경험이 WTO 제소 건수를 증가시키는 경향이 있고, 또 유럽연합의 개별 회원국들을 제외한 모든 WTO 회원국들을 분석대상으로 할 때 그들의 국제기구 경험도 WTO 제소 건수를 증가시키는 경향이 있다는 결과를 나타내고 있다.
Activity of the thymidylate synthase inhibitor 2-desamino-N10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolic acid and related compounds in murine (L1210) and human (W1L2) systems in vitro and in L1210 in vivo. (1990)

We examined the in vitro activity of 2-desamino-5,8-dideazafolate and 2-desamino-N10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolate (desamino-CB3717), the more water-soluble 2-desamino analogues of 5,8-dideazafolate and N10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolic acid (CB3717). We report Ki values for the inhibition of L1210 thymidylate synthase (TS) of 2 and 0.027 microM for 2-desamino-5,8-dideazafolate and desamino-CB3717, respectively, indicating a 30- and 10-fold loss in TS-inhibitory activity compared with the corresponding 2-NH2 compounds. The synthetic tri- and tetrapolyglutamate derivatives of desamino-CB3717 were 66- and 101-fold more potent than the monoglutamate form as inhibitors of TS. Both desamino compounds were more potent as inhibitors of L1210 and W1L2 cell growth than were their 2-amino counterparts. 2-Desamino-5,8-dideazafolate retains quite good activity against both the TS-overproducing W1L2:C1 line and the L1210 cell line grown in the presence of thymidine, suggesting that a secondary locus of action may be involved. This other target is a folate-dependent enzyme as evidenced by the protection of the inhibition of cell growth by the addition of hypoxanthine or folinic acid together with thymidine. The methotrexate-resistant, dihydrofolate reductase-overproducing L1210:R7A cell line is cross-resistant to 2-desamino-5,8-dideazafolate, which suggests that dihydrofolate reductase is the other target. An L1210 subline (1565) unable to transport reduced folates is 10-fold resistant to desamino-CB3717 and 2-desamino-5,8-dideazafolate but is not cross-resistant to CB3717 or 5,8-dideazafolate. The removal of the 2-amino function of CB3717 did not affect folylpolyglutamate synthetase substrate activity (CB3717 Km = 48 microM, desamino-CB3717 Km = 40 microM). However, both 5,8-dideazafolate and its desamino analogue were about 10-fold better substrates for folylpolyglutamate synthase than were the N10-propargyl compounds, and this may contribute to their good growth-inhibitory properties. In vivo, desamino-CB3717 cured approximately 75% of mice bearing the L1210:ICR tumor at doses of 50 mg/kg daily for 5 days and above (maximum tolerated dose greater than 1000 mg/kg daily for 5 days).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Facile solvothermal synthesis of single-crystalline anatase nanorods for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (2012)

Single-crystalline anatase TiO 2 nanorods (TiO 2 -SANRs) were synthesized through a facile solvothermal method and successfully applied as the photoanodes for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The prepared samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The power conversion efficiencies of TiO 2 -SANRs decorated Degussa P25 nanoparticle solar cells increased by 13.5 % compared with commercial Degussa P25 TiO 2 solar cells under standard illumination conditions (AM 1.5G, 100 mW/cm –2 ). The improved performance of the TiO 2 -SANRs decorated Degussa P25 nanoparticle solar cells was primarily ascribed to the enhanced short-circuit photocurrent density ( J sc ) despite a declined dye-loading capacity. The light-scattering effect in the long-wavelength region, as evidenced from the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) response and the diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was recognized as the main reason for the photocurrent enrichment.
SIGGRAPH '84 call for Omnimax Films (1983)

article SIGGRAPH '84 call for Omnimax Films Share on Author: Nelson Max Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CaliforniaView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGGRAPH Computer GraphicsVolume 17Issue 1January 1983 pp 73–76https://doi.org/10.1145/988584.988591Online:01 January 1983Publication History 6citation162DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations6Total Downloads162Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Responsabilización por los abusos del pasado. (1997)

Este trabajo aborda el problema en torno a la responsabilidad de los perpetradores de violaciones masivas a los derechos humanos, y sobre la experiencia en América Latina y otras partes, sobre los intentos de restablecer la verdad y la justicia.\nEl autor propone encontrar los medios para que la comunidad internacional pueda apoyar los esfuerzos políticos para consolidar la responsabilización, así como también revisar el marco teórico bajo el cual se han debatido estos temas hasta el momento.
Improvement of emulsifying properties of egg white proteins by the attachment of polysaccharide through Maillard reaction in a dry state (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImprovement of emulsifying properties of egg white proteins by the attachment of polysaccharide through Maillard reaction in a dry stateAkio. Kato, Kazuaki. Minaki, and Kunihiko. KobayashiCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1993, 41, 4, 540–543Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00028a006Request reuse permissionsArticle Views1376Altmetric-Citations148LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Virulence of Four Fungal Pathogens to Coptotermes formosartus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)1 (1995)

Four species and 10 isolates of entomogenous fungi were tested for virulence against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Five isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and three of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin were virulent to C. formosanus. The isolates of these two fungal species were chosen because they originated from different phylogenetic groups of host insects. The B. bassiana isolates originated from hosts in the Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, Homoptera, Dermaptera, and Isoptera; the M. anisopliae isolates came from hosts in the Coleoptera, Isoptera, and Homoptera. The B. bassiana isolate from an isopteran was most virulent to C. formosanus, when LD50 and mean time until death were both considered. There was no other pattern in virulence of isolates relative to the phylogeny of their original insect hosts. All five B. bassiana isolates and one of the three M. anisopliae isolates produced full growth of external mycelium and conidia on the dead termites. Termites exposed to fungal doses killing &gt; 67% of the insects died more quickly than those exposed to doses killing &lt; 67%. Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal was pathogenic to C. formosanus but had low virulence (1% infection in bioassays). Termites that walked across a hyphal mat of Conidiobolus coronatus (Constantin) Batko suffered 100% mortality within 2d, but this fungus did not produce conidia in culture on media.
Effects of Castration and Gonadal Hormones on Hypothalamic Content of Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Factor (LRF)12 (1966)

The effects of castration, estradiol benzoate, testosterone propionate, progesterone and combined estrogen-progesterone treatment were determined on hypothalamic LRF content in mature male and female rats. LRF activity was tested by incubating hypothalamic extract from the differently treated rats with pituitaries of male rats for 1 hr. The medium was later assayed for LH by the OAAD method of Parlow. The results indicate that castration for 21 days in male rats elicited a 2.5-fold increase in hypothalamic LRF content, whereas daily subcutaneous injections of 1 mg of testosterone propionate prevented the elevation in hypothalamic LRF content in castrate rats. In female rats, castration for 21 days resulted in a significant reduction in hypothalamic LRF content, to only 30% of that present in intact rats. Subcutaneous injections of 0.8 μg of estradiol benzoate daily for 21 days significantly depressed hypothalamic LRF content in ovariectomized rats. The pituitaries of ovariectomized rats showed a out a 4-fold increase in LH concentration, whereas estrogen injections largely prevented this increase. Subcutaneous injections of 4 mg of progesterone daily for 21 days into ovariectomized rats had no effect on hypothalamic LRF content, whereas injections of 4 mg of progesterone together with 0.8 μg estradiol benzoate prevented the latter from depressing LRF content. When pituitary tissue was incubated for 1 hr in the presence of estradiol, a significant increase in LH release into the medium was observed. These results suggest that ovariectomy stimulates release more than synthesis of hypothalamic LRF; that systemic injections of estrogen can inhibit both release and synthesis of LRF; and that estrogen can act directly on the pituitary to stimulate LH release. (Endocrinology79: 432, 1966)
Steroid Hormone Regulation of Cytokine Secretion by Proteolipid Protein-Specific CD4+ T Cell Clones Isolated from Multiple Sclerosis Patients and Normal Control Subjects (1998)

Steroid hormones have long been known to modulate immune function, and recent studies indicate that one of the means by which they do so involves effects on the secretion of immunoregulatory cytokines. Our laboratory has found recently that estradiol (E2) selectively modifies cytokine secretion in proteolipid protein (PLP)-specific, CD4+ T cell clones isolated from patients with the demyelinating disease, multiple sclerosis, and from normal control subjects. The data suggest that E2 may play a role in regulating the balance between pro- and antiinflammatory conditions, especially at concentrations typical of pregnancy. To determine whether other pregnancy-associated steroid hormones are capable of similar activity, we expanded our testing to include estrone (E1), estriol (E3), progesterone, and dexamethasone. The results indicate that E1 and E3 enhance secretion of Ag- or anti-CD3-stimulated IL-10 and IFN-gamma in dose-dependent fashion, almost identical to that of E2. The effect on IL-10 was more potent than occurred with IFN-gamma. In addition, E1 and E3, like E2, had a biphasic effect on TNF-alphabeta secretion, with low concentrations stimulatory, and high doses inhibitory. None of the estrogens influenced IL-4 or TGF-beta secretion. Progesterone enhanced secretion of IL-4, without affecting any other tested cytokine. Finally, dexamethasone induced TGF-beta secretion, but inhibited IFN-gamma and TNF-alphabeta. This differential effect of steroid hormones on the secretion of cytokines by CD4+ human T cell clones is consistent with the possibility that, collectively, they promote antiinflammatory conditions at high concentrations typical of pregnancy.
Tachykinin receptor antagonists for asthma and COPD (2001)

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are common, severe inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract for which there is an enormous pharmaceutical market. Current therapy for asthma is for the most part effective and comprises bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory glucocorticosteroids. In contrast, pharmacotherapy of COPD is much less effective. In addition, there are potentially undesirable side effects of current treatment of both conditions. Consequently, there are legitimate reasons for seeking alternative or additional therapies for asthma and COPD. There are theoretical reasons, supported by experimental evidence in animals, that sensory-efferent nerves and tachykinins, principally substance P and neurokinin A, contribute to the pathophysiology of asthma and COPD. In contrast, clinical studies to date using tachykinin receptor antagonists do not support a role for tachykinins in these conditions, most particularly asthma. However, confounding influences hinder adequate interpretation of the clinical data. Thus, whether or not tachykinins are involved in the pathophysiology of asthma and COPD is equivocal. Consequently, there is a need to evaluate novel potent tachykinin antagonists, both selective compounds and compounds with activity at multiple receptor subtypes. Recent patent applications from a variety of pharmaceutical companies disclose an array of different structural classes including substituted piperazinyl compounds, piperidine and carboxamide derivatives, oximes, hydrazones and olefins, heterocyclic compounds, peptides and pseudopeptides and drug combinations. The best of these compounds need clinical evaluation in well designed and well conducted studies with appropriate end points for the subtype of tachykinin receptor under consideration. This review encompasses patent applications pertaining to disclosures of tachykinin receptor antagonists of the NK1, NK2 and NK3 subtype.
Numerical Modeling of Multistranded-Hydraulic-Fracture Propagation: Accounting for the Interaction Between Induced and Natural Fractures (2011)

Summary Recent examples of hydraulic-fracture diagnostic data suggest that complex, multistranded hydraulic-fracture geometry is a common occurrence. This reality is in stark contrast to the industry-standard design models based on the assumption of symmetric, planar, biwing geometry. The interaction between pre-existing natural fractures and the advancing hydraulic fracture is a key condition leading to complex fracture patterns. Performing hydraulic-fracture-design calculations under these less-than-ideal conditions requires modeling fracture intersections and tracking fluid fronts in the network of reactivated fissures. Whether a hydraulic fracture crosses or is arrested by a pre-existing natural fracture is controlled by shear strength and potential slippage at the fracture intersections, as well as potential debonding of sealed cracks in the near-tip region of a propagating hydraulic fracture. We present a complex hydraulic-fracture pattern propagation model based on the extended finite-element method (XFEM) as a design tool that can be used to optimize treatment parameters under complex propagation conditions. Results demonstrate that fracture-pattern complexity is strongly controlled by the magnitude of anisotropy of in-situ stresses, rock toughness, and natural-fracture cement strength, as well as the orientation of the natural fractures relative to the hydraulic fracture. Analysis shows that the growing hydraulic fracture may exert enough tensile and shear stresses on cemented natural fractures that the latter may be debonded, opened, and/or sheared in advance of hydraulic-fracture-tip arrival, while under other conditions, natural fractures will be unaffected by the hydraulic fracture. Detailed aperture distributions at the intersection between fracture segments show the potential for difficulty in proppant transport under complex fracture-propagation conditions.
Regional adaptability research of building thermal insulation energy efficiency technology in China (2010)

The building thermal insulation is an important technology of building energy efficiency. Taking the typical residential in the cold region-Beijing and those of South China-Guangzhou as the template, this paper has conducted simulation analysis on their respective energy consumption when adopt exterior thermal insulation walls or interior thermal insulation walls. The study has shown that the exterior thermal insulation wall is better in energy efficiency in the cold region and South China than the interior thermal insulation wall. What's more, the result can be more clearly observed in the cold region than in South China. From the aspects of the climate's influence on thermal insulation quality, the installation's influence on building facades and construction practices, it is proved that the exterior thermal insulation wall is suitable in the cold regions and the interior thermal insulation wall is fit for South China.