gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gonadotropin-Resistant Ovaries in Primary Amenorrhea (1972)

Primary hypoestrogenic amenorrhea was associated with increased secretion of gonadotropins and the presence of ovarian follicles. The ovaries were stimulated sequentially with exogenous human postmenopausal gonadotropins (HMG) and human chorionic gonadotropins (HCG). The very slight response to 11,400 IU of FSH followed by 15,000 IU of HCG confirmed the hyposensitivity of these ovaries to gonadotropins. The “resistant ovaries syndrome” should, by definition, include the following criteria: a) endogenous hypergonado-tropinemia, b) piesence of normal ovarian follicles and c) hyporeceptivity of the ovaries to an excessive stimulation with exogenous human gonadotropins.
Corrections to density-functional theory band gaps (1998)

An effective exchange-correlation potential for conduction-band states differing from that of the valence-band states is found within an extension of an extreme tight-binding model. Starting from Hedin's GW formulation of the self-energy, simplifications are made by including only near-neighbor interactions, and by an expansion of band energies carried out around their Brillouin-zone averages. The potential difference is applied as a perturbation to the conduction-band states from a Kohn-Sham calculation with the local-density approximation, and a scissors-type band-gap correction is then obtained in a simple and efficient manner. Although the model is valid for strictly insulating systems, it is found that the correction (when adjusted to reproduce the known silicon and carbon band gaps as in a Slater $X\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\alpha}$ method) leads to semiconductor band gaps within 0.1--0.3 eV of their experimental values. Both zinc-blende and wurtzite semiconductors of the IV, III-V, and II-VI groups are studied here.
Iridium oxide-based nanocrystalline particles as oxygen evolution electrocatalysts (2006)

Iridium-based oxides are highly active as oxygen evolving electrocatalysts in PEM water electrolyzers. In this work XRD reveals that Ir-Sn oxides contain a single rutile phase with lattice parameters between those of pure IrO2 and SnO2. Addition of Ru leads to the synthesis of a core-shell type material due to the strong agglomeration of Ru colloids during the preparation procedure. The shell of this material consists of an Ir-Sn-Ru oxide deficient in Ru relative to the bulk. This leads to a decrease in the surface noble metal concentration (as found by XPS), which in turn results in a significant reduction in electrochemically active surface area. Polarization analysis indicates that the addition of Ru can influence the rate-determining step or mechanism by which oxygen is evolved. In a PEM water electrolysis cell, small additions of Sn do not significantly reduce the operating performance, however larger additions cause a performance loss due to a reduction in active surface area and increased ohmic resistance. When a pure IrO2 anode is used, a cell voltage is 1.61 V at 1 A cm−2 and 90°C.
<i>N</i>‐linked glycosylation affects the processing of mouse submaxillary gland prorenin in transfected AtT20 cells (1991)

Most mouse inbred strains carry two renin genes, Ren-1 and Ren-2, Renin-2, the product of the Ren-2 gene, is highly expressed in the submaxillary gland. It is a renin isoenzyme 96% similar to kidney renin-1, but unglycosylated. In order to investigate if glycosylation of prorenin affects its processing and/or secretion we have introduced two potential N-linked glycosylation sites into preprorenin-2 cDNA using site-directed mutagenesis. Expression plasmids were derived from wild-type and mutant renin-2 cDNA and were transfected into AtT20 cells. Both transfected cells, expressing glycosylated or unglycosylated forms, secreted prorenin and renin by the constitutive and regulated pathways, respectively. Prorenin was correctly processed to active renin but the second maturation site was not cleaved in AtT20 cells. The comparison of glycosylated and unglycosylated renin expression showed a diminished secretion of glycosylated active renin. Prevention of glycosylation with tunicamycin resulted in an improved secretion of active renin. Moreover, the efficiency of the trypsin activation in vitro was reduced for glycosylated prorenin and it was restored when the activation was performed on mutant renin secreted from tunicamycin-treated cells. It is proposed that the bulky carbohydrates attached to prorenin constitute a steric hindrance to proteolysis by maturation enzymes.
Velocity and pressure distributions in the aortic valve (1969)

The distribution of pressure in normal and stenosed aortic valves is investigated experimentally with a rigid-walled model placed in a pulsatile water-tunnel, and the experiments are complemented by a one-dimensional solution of the unsteady inviscid-flow equations. In the normal valve, convectively fed vortices are formed in the aortic sinuses; the vortices aid cusp positioning and the prevention of jet formation during valve closure. Aortic valve stenosis is shown to prevent the generation of vortices, causing the formation of a turbulent jet, with reduction of the pressure difference between the inlets (ostia) of the coronary arteries and the ventricle. This pressure difference is calculated for man resting and exercising, and for various degrees of stenosis.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Aryl‐2‐nitrosoanilines as Intermediates in the Two‐Step Synthesis of Substituted 1,2‐Diarylbenzimidazoles from Simple Nitroarenes. (2011)

Abstract Nitroso‐substituted diarylamines, previously prepared from nitrobenzenes and anilines, undergo base‐mediated condensation with benzyl aryl sulfones to afford the title compounds generally in good yields.
Surface control of luminescence in silicon nanoparticles (1996)

The intensity of visible photoluminescence from thin films of silicon nanoparticles is shown to be dependent upon the degree of surface passivation on the nanoparticles, while the emission energy is independent of the specific chemical nature of the passivating species. Nanoparticles are deposited into films using a pulsed laser ablation supersonic expansion source. Surface chemistry is controlled with a variety of postdeposition processing steps, including acid, methanol, and iodine treatments. These steps are then correlated with the visible photoluminescence behavior of the sample and the surface chemistry as characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Surface passivation controls the emission intensity through the elimination of competing nonradiative carrier relaxation pathways. The chemical nature of the passivating species does not determine the emission energy and can be easily changed with no anomalous photoluminescence behavior resulting. All results are consistent with a simple quantum confinement model of emission where particle size determines emission energy and surface passivation determines emission intensity.
2,5-Diaryloxazoles and 2,5-Diaryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2,5-Diaryloxazoles and 2,5-Diaryl-1,3,4-oxadiazolesF. Newton Hayes, Betty S. Rogers, and Donald G. OttCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 7, 1850–1852Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01612a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01612a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views744Altmetric-Citations97LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Photo‐initiated base‐formation in a polymer matrix (1994)

Abstract It was found that amines were formed efficiently by the photolysis of O ‐acyloximes followed by hydrolysis in polystyrene films and the relationship between structures of O ‐acyloximes and yields of amines were investigated. O ‐phenylacetyl acetophenone oxime (PaApO), O ‐pivaloyl acetophenone oxime (PApO), and O ‐benzoyl acetophenone oxime (BApO) as monofunctional O ‐acyloximes and O , O ′‐succinyl diacetophenone oxime (SDApO) and O , O ′‐glutaryl diacetophenone oxime (GDApO) as bifunctional O ‐acyloximes were examined. The yields of amines for PaApO and SDApO under N 2 were ca. 70%, which was the highest among O ‐acyloximes examined in this experiment. On the other hand, the yields for PApO, BApO, and GDApO were less than 15% and it was verified that the hydrogen abstraction by imino radicals via 6‐membered cyclic intermediates resulted in the lowering of yields. Although the effect of oxygen under photolysis on the yields of amine for PaApO was negligible under 50% conversion of PaApO, the yield decreased with further increase in the conversion and was 50% at 90% conversion. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A new type of field-effect image storage panel with a photoconductive charging layer (1968)

A new type of field-effect image storage panel has been demonstrated in which local charging or discharging of the semiconductor layer is controlled by an adjacent photoconductive layer. With such panels erasure can be optically controlled and a stored luminescent image produced of the same or opposite polarity compared with the input image.
Glyoxalase I is involved in resistance of human leukemia cells to antitumor agent-induced apoptosis (2000)

Abnormality in the machinery of apoptosis is associated with a resistant phenotype of the tumor cell to chemotherapy. To determine the molecular basis of resistance to antitumor agent-induced apoptosis, we performed a complementary DNA (cDNA) subtractive hybridization with messenger RNA (mRNA) from human monocytic leukemia U937 and its variant UK711, which is resistant to apoptosis induced by antitumor agents. We found that glyoxalase I (GLO1), an enzyme that detoxifies methylglyoxal, is selectively overexpressed in the apoptosis-resistant UK711 cells. The GLO1 enzyme activity was significantly elevated in UK711 and UK110 cells, another drug-resistant mutant, as well as in K562/ADM, adriamycin-resistant leukemia cells, compared with their parental cells. When overexpressed in human Jurkat cells, GLO1 inhibited etoposide- and adriamycin-induced caspase activation and apoptosis, indicating the involvement of GLO1 in apoptosis suppression caused by these drugs. Moreover, cotreatment with S-p-bromobenzylglutathione cyclopentyl diester (BBGC), a cell-permeable inhibitor of GLO1, enhanced etoposide-induced apoptosis in resistant UK711 cells but not in parental U937 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that GLO1 is a resistant factor to antitumor agent-induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells and that the GLO1 inhibitor could be a drug resistance-reversing agent.
The “Mosaic Stage” in Amodal Completion as Characterized by Magnetoencephalography Responses (2006)

We investigated the process of amodal completion in a same-different experiment in which test pairs were preceded by sequences of two figures. The first of these could be congruent to a global or local completion of an occluded part in the second figure, or a mosaic interpretation of it. We recorded and analyzed the magnetoencephalogram for the second figures. Compared to control conditions, in which unrelated primes were shown, occlusion and mosaic primes reduced the peak latency and amplitude of neural activity evoked by the occlusion patterns. Compared to occlusion primes, mosaic ones reduced the latency but increased the amplitude of evoked neural activity. Processes relating to a mosaic interpretation of the occlusion pattern, therefore, can dominate in an early stage of visual processing. The results did not provide evidence for the presence of a functional "mosaic stage" in completion per se, but characterize the mosaic interpretation as a qualitatively special one that can rapidly emerge in visual processing when context favors it.
Formation of high-quality Ge<sub>1−</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>Sn<i><sub>x</sub></i> layer on Ge(110) substrate with strain-induced confinement of stacking faults at Ge<sub>1−</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>Sn<i><sub>x</sub></i>/Ge interfaces (2014)

The formation of a high-quality Ge1−xSnx layer has been examined on the basis of the understanding of the relationship between the stacking fault and the misfit strain between the Ge1−xSnx layer and the Ge substrate. We found that the crystallinity of the Ge1−xSnx layer is improved with increasing Sn content despite the increase in the lattice mismatch. This is caused by the shortening of the distance between the two dissociated partial dislocations, which indicates that the confinement of the stacking fault occurs at the Ge1−xSnx/Ge interface with increasing misfit strain.
Clinical effectiveness of posaconazole prophylaxis in patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML): a 6 year experience of the Cologne AML cohort (2010)

After introduction of posaconazole prophylaxis for patients with AML, the number of febrile days, the incidence rate of IFDs and aspergillosis and the duration of hospitalization decreased significantly.
Minimization of Job Waiting Time Variance on Identical Parallel Machines (2007)

We consider the problem of scheduling independent jobs on identical parallel machines so as to minimize the waiting time variance of the jobs ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Pm</i> // <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">WTV</i> ). We show that the optimal value of( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Pm</i> // <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">WTV</i> ) is identical to the optimal value of the problem for minimizing the completion time variance of jobs on identical parallel machines( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Pm</i> // <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">WTV</i> ). We prove that, given the same job set, any feasible schedule of ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Pm</i> // <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">WTV</i> ) can be transformed into the feasible solution for ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Pm</i> // <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">WTV</i> ) with the same job set by applying the polynomial algorithms proposed in this paper. Several other important properties of ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Pm</i> // <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">WTV</i> ) are also proved. Heuristic algorithms are proposed to solve ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Pm</i> // <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">WTV</i> ) problems. We present the testing results of these heuristic algorithms, which are applied to problems with both small and large job sets.
Synthesis of a chiral asymmetrical NCN ligand and its metallation (2009)

A three-step synthesis of a chiral asymmetrical NCN ligand is described. Chirality was introduced at the level of the asymmetrical hydrogen transfer on the starting acetophenone. Metallation by a ruthenium(II) complex, lithium followed by trans -auration led to valuable compounds.
A mechanism for policy-driven selection of service providers in SOA and cloud environments (2010)

We describe a mechanism in which context is gathered relating to service providers (SPs), this is inputted to a rule-based system, and decisions are output about the suitability of each SP, including recommended stipulations regarding their usage. It can be used for Service-Oriented Architectures (SOAs) to determine appropriate actions that should be allowed, or in a cloud context, to help assess risk before personal information is passed on through the cloud. It is semi-automated to significantly lower the transaction costs for the selection of SPs.
Beneficial Effect of a Low Glycaemic Index Diet in Type 2 Diabetes (1992)

Low glycaemic index foods produce low blood glucose and insulin responses in normal subjects, and improve blood glucose control in Type 1 and well-controlled Type 2 diabetic patients. We studied the effects of a low glycaemic index diet in 15 Type 2 diabetic patients with a mean fasting blood glucose of 9.5 mmol l-1 using a randomized, crossover design. Patients were given pre-weighed diets (59% energy as carbohydrate, 21% fat, and 24 g 1000-kcal-1 dietary fibre) for two 2-week periods, with a diet glycaemic index of 60 during one period and 87 during the other. On the low glycaemic index diet, the blood glucose response after a representative breakfast was 29% less than on the high glycaemic index diet (874 +/- 108 (+/- SE) vs 204 +/- 112 mmol min l-1; p less than 0.001), the percentage reduction being almost identical to the 28% difference predicted from the meal glycaemic index values. After the 2-week low glycaemic index diet, fasting serum fructosamine and cholesterol levels were significantly less than after the high glycaemic index diet (3.17 +/- 0.12 vs 3.28 +/- 0.16 mmol l-1, p less than 0.05, and 5.5 +/- 0.4 vs 5.9 +/- 0.5 mmol l-1, p less than 0.02, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Deep reactive ion etching of Pyrex glass (2002)

We have developed a deep reactive ion etching of Pyrex glass in SF/sub 6/ plasma. High etch rate (/spl sim/0.6 /spl mu/m/min) and smooth surface (Ra-4 nm) were achieved at low pressure (0.2 Pa) and high self-bias (-390 V). This result indicates energetic ions for physical sputtering and for enhancing chemical reactions are required to etch materials which produce nonvolatile reaction products. Vertical etch profile (base angle /spl sim/88/spl deg/), high aspect ratio (>10) and through-out etching of Pyrex glass (200 /spl mu/m in thickness) were achieved when the mask opening is narrower than 20 /spl mu/m. Relatively low selectivity to the mask material due to the energetic ion is overcame using thick and vertical electroplated Ni film as a mask. We also find out the base angle of the etch profile depends on the mask profile and the opening width.
Experimental modeling of colour harmony (2009)

Abstract This study investigates colour harmony in visual experiments in order to develop a new quantitative colour harmony model. On the basis of new experimental results, colour harmony formulae were developed to predict colour harmony from the CIECAM02 hue, chroma, and lightness correlates of the members of two‐ or three‐colour combinations. In the experiments, observers were presented two‐ and three‐colour combinations displayed on a well‐characterized CRT monitor in a dark room. Colour harmony was estimated visually on an 11 category scale from −5 (meaning completely disharmonious) to +5 (meaning completely harmonious), including 0 as the neutral colour harmony impression. From these results, mathematical models of colour harmony were developed. The visual results were also compared with classical colour harmony theories. Two supplementary experiments were also carried out: one of them tested the main principles of colour harmony with real Munsell colour chips, and another one compared the visual rating of the new models with existing colour harmony theories. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2010.
Role-based exploration of object-oriented programs (2002)

We present a new technique for helping developers understand heap properties of object-oriented programs and how the actions of the program affect these properties. Our dynamic analysis uses the aliasing properties of objects to synthesize a set of roles; each role represents an abstract object state intended to be of interest to the developer. We allow the developer to customize the analysis to explore the object states and behavior of the program at multiple different and potentially complementary levels of abstraction. The analysis uses roles as the basis for three abstractions: role transition diagrams, which present the observed transitions between roles and the methods responsible for the transitions; role relationship diagrams, which present the observed referencing relationships between objects playing different roles; and enhanced method interfaces, which present the observed roles of method parameters. Together, these abstractions provide useful information about important object and data structure properties and how the actions of the program affect these properties. We have used our implemented role analysis to explore the behavior of several Java programs. Our experience indicates that, when combined with a powerful graphical user interface, roles are a useful abstraction for helping developers explore and understand the behavior of object-oriented programs.
The UCSC Genome Browser Database: 2008 update (2007)

The University of California, Santa Cruz, Genome Browser Database (GBD) provides integrated sequence and annotation data for a large collection of vertebrate and model organism genomes. Seventeen new assemblies have been added to the database in the past year, for a total coverage of 19 vertebrate and 21 invertebrate species as of September 2007. For each assembly, the GBD contains a collection of annotation data aligned to the genomic sequence. Highlights of this year's additions include a 28-species human-based vertebrate conservation annotation, an enhanced UCSC Genes set, and more human variation, MGC, and ENCODE data. The database is optimized for fast interactive performance with a set of web-based tools that may be used to view, manipulate, filter and download the annotation data. New toolset features include the Genome Graphs tool for displaying genome-wide data sets, session saving and sharing, better custom track management, expanded Genome Browser configuration options and a Genome Browser wiki site. The downloadable GBD data, the companion Genome Browser toolset and links to documentation and related information can be found at: http://genome.ucsc.edu/.