gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lacritin Rescues Stressed Epithelia via Rapid Forkhead Box O3 (FOXO3)-associated Autophagy That Restores Metabolism (2013)

Homeostasis is essential for cell survival. However, homeostatic regulation of surface epithelia is poorly understood. The eye surface, lacking the cornified barrier of skin, provides an excellent model. Tears cover the surface of the eye and are deficient in dry eye, the most common eye disease affecting at least 5% of the world's population. Only a tiny fraction of the tear proteome appears to be affected, including lacritin, an epithelium-selective mitogen that promotes basal tearing when topically applied to rabbit eyes. Here we show that homeostasis of cultured corneal epithelia is entirely lacritin-dependent and elucidate the mechanism as a rapid autophagic flux to promptly restore cellular metabolism and mitochondrial fusion in keeping with the short residence time of lacritin on the eye. Accelerated flux appears to be derived from lacritin-stimulated acetylation of FOXO3 as a novel ligand for ATG101 and coupling of stress-acetylated FOXO1 with ATG7 (which remains uncoupled without lacritin) and be sufficient to selectively divert huntingtin mutant Htt103Q aggregates largely without affecting non-aggregated Htt25Q. This is in keeping with stress as a prerequisite for lacritin-stimulated autophagy. Lacritin targets the cell surface proteoglycan syndecan-1 via its C-terminal amino acids Leu(108)-Leu(109)-Phe(112) and is also available in saliva, plasma, and lung lavage. Thus, lacritin may promote epithelial homeostasis widely.
Tools and techniques for teaching microprocessor software development (1983)

Abstract Debugging low level language software can be a difficult business—the bare microprocessor lacks the user interface; facilities, such as simulators, provided on another machine can be tedious to use on running or partially working programs. A resolution of this difficulty lies in the harmonious use of a mainframe‐based debugging system and a real microprocessor. This paper describes tools and techniques for the development of low level software for the Intel 8080 microprocessor employing both simulated and real microprocessors. The debugging system allows the user to set up a virtual microprocessor into which programs can be loaded and run and from which a flexible tracing of the executing program can be obtained. The debugging system is built into a general purpose multi‐access operating system and this approach makes it possible to provide the system cheaply to a large number of users. Additionally, users have access to all the general facilities (such as editors) provided by the operating system itself. The system has been implemented on a minicomputer with 60 VDU terminals all of which can be used for interaction with the 8080 simulator or for general interactions with the mainframe operating system. The system has also been implemented in a self‐simulating version to run on a real Intel 8080 microprocessor. Many of the VDUs on the minicomputer are controlled by Intel 8080 microprocessors and it is possible to load and run large Intel 8080 programs which were assembled (and tested) on the mainframe or run the self simulator based debugging system. In this way a range of complementary debugging environments is provided: the simulator on the mainframe with its access to backing store (and, hence, the ability to save trace information), the self simulator on the microprocessor (with its better performance for the single user), and the actual Intel 8080 itself. The user can easily move a partially tested program between environments and thus use the environment which best suits his current phase of testing.
<title>Characterization of residual stress in metallic films on silicon with micromechanical devices</title> (1996)

Al and Cr cantilever microbeams, microbridges and suspended microrings were fabricated by isotropic etching of silicon with a SF<SUB>6</SUB>/O<SUB>2</SUB> plasma after film patterning. They were used for the characterization of both compressive stress, extensive stress and stress gradients in the metallic films. It is shown that valid residual stress measurements with such micromechanical devices must take into account stress changes due to process fabrication, underetching at the clamped ends, edge effects and stress gradients. This is demonstrated by bucking threshold measurements of microbridges and microrings of various sizes and 3D finite element linear static and linear buckling analyses including underetching or stress gradients. Cantilever microbeam profile measurements shows that temperature rise during etching must be carefully minimizes to avoid thermally induced stress gradients. Stress gradients in the deposited films have no effect on microbridges critical buckling stress but lead to a distortion of the microrings before the occurrence of buckling.
Health-related quality of life and blood pressure 12 months after renal denervation (2015)

These results indicate that in patients with confirmed resistant hypertension, RDN is associated with a reduction in BP and a sustained improvement in mental health-related aspects of QoL.
Matrix metalloproteinase‐dependent shedding of syndecan‐3, a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, in Schwann cells (2003)

Schwann cells transiently express the transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-3 during the late embryonic and early postnatal periods of peripheral nerve development. Neonatal rat Schwann cells released soluble syndecan-3 into the culture medium by a process that was blocked by inhibition of endogenous matrix metalloproteinase activity. When Schwann cells were plated on a substratum that binds syndecan-3, the released proteoglycan bound to the substratum adjacent to the cell border. Membrane-anchored syndecan-3 was concentrated in actin-containing filopodia that projected from the lateral edges of the Schwann cell membrane. Membrane shedding was specific for syndecan-3 and was not observed for the related proteoglycan syndecan-1. Analysis of Schwann cells transfected with wild-type and chimeric syndecan-1 and syndecan-3 cDNAs revealed that membrane shedding was a property of the syndecan-3 ectodomain. Inhibition of syndecan-3 release significantly enhanced Schwann cell adhesion and process extension on dishes coated with the non-collagenous N-terminal domain of alpha4(V) collagen, which binds syndecan-3 and mediates heparan sulfate-dependent Schwann cell adhesion. Matrix metalloproteinase-dependent syndecan-3 shedding was also observed in newborn rat peripheral nerve tissue. Syndecan-3 shedding in peripheral nerve tissue was age specific, and was not observed during later stages of postnatal nerve development. These results demonstrate that Schwann cell syndecan-3 is subject to matrix metalloproteinase-dependent membrane processing, which modulates the biological function of this proteoglycan.
Regulation of Cell Division in Arabidopsis (1996)

Abstract The study of cell cycle control in plants is expected to contribute to the understanding of plants' unique developmental features. The principal regulators of the eukaryotic cell cycle, namely, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins, are also conserved in plants. This review is concerned with our present knowledge on cell cycle regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana, which is widely accepted as a model plant for the study of a broad range of biological questions. Up to the present, 2 CDKs and 11 cyclins have been identified in Arabidopsis. While the expression of one of these CDKs has been found to be positively correlated with the competence of cells to divide, cyc1A1 expression of the cyclin has been almost exclusively confined to dividing cells. Although much remains to be studied concerning upstream regulators of these genes, the successful introduction of mutant CDKs into plants demonstrates the potential of using such an approach to intentionally modulate the plant cell cycle and development.
Cancer Mortality in Workers Exposed to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-Dioxin (1991)

This study of mortality among workers with occupational exposure to TCDD does not confirm the high relative risks reported for many cancers in previous studies. Conclusions about an increase in the risk of soft-tissue sarcoma are limited by small numbers and misclassification on death certificates. Excess mortality from all cancers combined, cancers of the respiratory tract, and soft-tissue sarcoma may result from exposure to TCDD, although we cannot exclude the possible contribution of factors such as smoking and occupational exposure to other chemicals.
Magnesium doping of efficient GaAs and Ga0.75In0.25As solar cells grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1984)

Magnesium has been substituted for zinc in GaAs and Ga0.75In0.25As solar cells grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Bis(cyclopentadienyl)magnesium (Cp2Mg) is used as the MOCVD transport agent for Mg. Full retention of excellent material quality and efficient cell performance results. The substitution of Mg for Zn would enhance the abruptness and reproducibility of doping profiles and facilitate high-temperature processing and operation, due to the much lower diffusion coefficient of Mg, relative to Zn, in these materials.
Effect of latrunculin-A on morphology and actin-associated adhesions of cultured human trabecular meshwork cells. (2000)

The increase in outflow facility in the living primate eye induced by LAT-A may be due to the disorganization and disruption of the actin cytoskeleton and its associated cellular adhesions in the trabecular meshwork.
Pyrochlore Structural Chemistry: Predicting the Lattice Constant by the Ionic Radii and Electronegativities of the Constituting Ions (2012)

The structural data on compounds which crystallize with the (cubic) pyrochlore structure have been analyzed to obtain a model equation that predicts their lattice constants. The model, which is based on the ionic radii and the electronegativities of the constituting ions, is applied to simple ternary and to more complicated mixed cation and anion pyrochlores. The average error between the experimental and calculated lattice constants is ~ 0.45% for the ternary pyrochlores and ~ 0.68% for the mixed compounds. The lattice constant of any new pyrochlore can be estimated from the model equation, which has been derived in this work.
Bortezomib‐ and thalidomide‐induced peripheral neuropathy in multiple myeloma: clinical and molecular analyses of a phase 3 study (2014)

A subanalysis of the GIMEMA-MMY-3006 trial was performed to characterize treatment-emergent peripheral neuropathy (PN) in patients randomized to thalidomide-dexamethasone (TD) or bortezomib-TD (VTD) before and after double autologous transplantation (ASCT) for multiple myeloma (MM). A total of 236 patients randomized to VTD and 238 to TD were stratified according to the emergence of grade ≥2 PN. Gene expression profiles (GEP) of CD138+ plasma cells were analyzed in 120 VTD-treated patients. The incidence of grade ≥2 PN was 35% in the VTD arm and 10% in the TD arm (P < 0.001). PN resolved in 88 and 95% of patients in VTD and TD groups, respectively. Rates of complete/near complete response, progression-free and overall survival were not adversely affected by emergence of grade ≥2 PN. Baseline characteristics were not risk factors for PN, while GEP analysis revealed the deregulated expression of genes implicated in cytoskeleton rearrangement, neurogenesis, and axonal guidance. In conclusion, in comparison with TD, incorporation of VTD into ASCT was associated with a higher incidence of PN which, however, was reversible in most of the patients and did not adversely affect their outcomes nor their ability to subsequently receive ASCT. GEP analysis suggests an interaction between myeloma genetic profiles and development of VTD-induced PN.
Experimental Study on Microwave Pyrolysis of an Indonesian Low-Rank Coal (2013)

Microwave pyrolysis of an Indonesian lignite is investigated in this study. The effects of experimental parameters, such as microwave receptor/coal ratio, residence time, temperature, microwave power level, and coal particle size, on the yield and characteristics of coal pyrolysis products were studied systematically. Fe3O4 was used as the microwave receptor. The compositions of oil products from the microwave pyrolysis were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The experimental results showed that a higher microwave power led to higher heating rates and higher volatile matter yields. The yield of gaseous and oil products increased with increasing the microwave receptor/coal ratio and microwave power. The oil products were complex mixtures of organic compounds with a variety of chemical groups. The yields of aromatic compounds, including phenol and naphthalene, increased significantly with the pyrolysis time. The oil products contained 17.27% saturated aliphatic species, while the aromatic compounds accounted for 45.5%, and polar groups formed 25.84% of pyrolysis oil. As pyrolysis proceeded, Fe3O4 was reduced to elemental Fe at the later stages of microwave pyrolysis, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray analyses. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the morphology of the microwave receptor (Fe3O4) changed as a result of reduction.
Full Service Hopping for Proactive Cyber-Defense (2008)

Inspired by deceptive and evasive countermeasures for military environment, a proactive cyber defense tactic of full service hopping is proposed which changes all the service information pseudo-randomly, including service port, network address, service slot, cryptographic algorithm and even the service protocol. A novel concept of dynamic honey pot is presented which mimics the ancient battle diagrams to bewilder the adversary by changing the role of every hopping station pseudo-randomly. Thereafter a full service hopping framework and synchronization scheme of Spokesman are introduced. Then a distributed prototype is carried out through mobile Java agent. Our experimental works demonstrate that full hopping tactic has better performance for active cyber-defense. Moreover, the overheads of handover and synchronization during service hopping are also discussed in this paper.
<i>Lactococcus lactis fabH</i> , Encoding β-Ketoacyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Synthase, Can Be Functionally Replaced by the <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Congener (2010)

Plasmodium falciparum, in addition to scavenging essential fatty acids from its intra- and intercellular environments, possesses a functional complement of type II fatty acid synthase (FAS) enzymes targeted to the apicoplast organelle. Recent evidence suggests that products of the plasmodial FAS II system may be critical for the parasite's liver-to-blood cycle transition, and it has been speculated that endogenously generated fatty acids may be precursors for essential cofactors, such as lipoate, in the apicoplast. beta-Ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthase III (pfKASIII or FabH) is one of the key enzymes in the initiating steps of the FAS II pathway, possessing two functions in P. falciparum: the decarboxylative thio-Claisen condensation of malonyl-ACP and various acyl coenzymes A (acyl-CoAs; KAS activity) and the acetyl-CoA:ACP transacylase reaction (ACAT). Here, we report the generation and characterization of a hybrid Lactococcus lactis strain that translates pfKASIII instead of L. lactis fabH to initiate fatty acid biosynthesis. The L. lactis expression vector pMG36e was modified for the efficient overexpression of the plasmodial gene in L. lactis. Transcriptional analysis indicated high-efficiency overexpression, and biochemical KAS and ACAT assays confirm these activities in cell extracts. Phenotypically, the L. lactis strain expressing pfKASIII has a growth rate and fatty acid profiles that are comparable to those of the strain complemented with its endogenous gene, suggesting that pfKASIII can use L. lactis ACP as substrate and perform near-normal function in L. lactis cells. This strain may have potential application as a bacterial model for pfKASIII inhibitor prescreening.
IL-4 inhibits H2O2 production and antileishmanial capacity of human cultured monocytes mediated by IFN-gamma. (1989)

The effect of IL-4 on the IFN-gamma-induced state of activation of cultured human monocytes was investigated with regard to their ability to produce hydrogen peroxide and their antileishmanial capacity towards the intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani. IL-4 was found to inhibit the IFN-gamma-dependent hydrogen peroxide production of monocytes. Treatment of monocytes with IFN-gamma (200 to 600 U/ml) for 48 h increased the hydrogen peroxide production fourfold above background. Coincubation of the monocytes with IL-4 (1 to 1000 U/ml) and IFN-gamma (200 to 600 U/ml) inhibited this increase by 50 to 100%. IL-4 alone did not modulate the hydrogen peroxide production of monocytes. Pretreatment of monocytes with IL-4 for 20 min to 3 h was already effective in preventing the IFN-gamma response. Addition of IL-4 not later than 6 h after the start of incubation with IFN-gamma was necessary for an optimal inhibitory effect. IL-4 also inhibited the IFN-gamma-induced antileishmanial capacity of monocytes: IFN-gamma (1000 U/ml) induced a 54 +/- 10% reduction in the number of parasites. Monocytes treated with combinations of IL-4 (100 to 1000 U/ml) and IFN-gamma (1000 U/ml) were unable to reduce the parasite numbers. IL-4 alone did not alter the uptake of Leishmania donovani nor induce antileishmanial activity. These results demonstrate that IL-4 disables human cultured monocytes to respond to IFN-gamma activation.
Radioimmunodetection of Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with monoclonal antibody to eosinophil peroxidase. (1993)

The purpose of this study was to determine if a radiolabeled murine monoclonal antibody (EOS) directed against eosinophil peroxidase would localize specifically to tumor sites in patients with lymphomas infiltrated by eosinophils. Ten patients with Hodgkin's disease and eosinophilia, three patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and eosinophilia and five control patients received an intravenous injection of 3-10 mg of EOS antibody radiolabeled with 74-155 MBq (2.0-4.2 mCi) of 111In. At intervals of 24, 48 and 72 hr after injection, gamma camera images were obtained along with blood and urine specimens and the imaging results were correlated with the results of other staging modalities. As early as 24 hr after antibody injection, there was clear visualization of identifiable sites of lymphoma with eosinophilia greater than 1 cm in size, including the spleen, bone marrow and lymph nodes. Although EOS also localized nonspecifically to the liver and, in some patients, to the nasopharynx, there was no appreciable uptake in normal bone marrow, spleen, uninvolved lymph nodes, lymphomas without eosinophilia or various other pathologic conditions without eosinophilia. Except for transient pain at tumor sites in three patients, no adverse reactions were noted. We conclude that a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody directed against eosinophil peroxidase localizes to lymphoma sites infiltrated by eosinophils.
Impeding Exciton–Exciton Annihilation in Monolayer WS<sub>2</sub> by Laser Irradiation (2018)

Monolayer (1L) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are two-dimensional direct-bandgap semiconductors with promising applications of quantum light emitters. Recent studies have shown that intrinsically low quantum yields (QYs) of 1L-TMDs can be greatly improved by chemical treatments. However, nonradiative exciton–exciton annihilation (EEA) appears to significantly limit light emission of 1L-TMDs at a nominal density of photoexcited excitons due to strong Coulomb interaction. Here we show that the EEA rate constant (γ) can be reduced by laser irradiation treatment in mechanically exfoliated monolayer tungsten disulfide (1L-WS2), causing significantly improved light emission at the saturating optical pumping level. Time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) measurements showed that γ reduced from 0.66 ± 0.15 cm2/s to 0.20 ± 0.05 cm2/s simply using our laser irradiation. The laser-irradiated region exhibited lower PL response at low excitation levels, however at the high excitation level displayed 3× higher PL intensity and QY than the region without laser treatment. The shorter PL lifetime and lower PL response at low excitation levels suggested that laser irradiation increased the density of sulfur vacancies of 1L-WS2, but we attribute these induced defects, adsorbed by oxygen in air, to the origin for reduced EEA by hindering exciton diffusion. Our laser irradiation was likewise effective for reducing EEA and increasing PL of chemically treated 1L-WS2 with a high QY, exhibiting the general applicability of our method. Our results suggest that exciton–exciton interaction in 1L-TMDs may be conveniently controlled by the laser treatment, which may lead to unsaturated exciton emission at high excitation levels.
Fixed-frequency Pseudo Sliding Mode control for a Buck-Boost DC-DC converter in mobile applications: A comparison with a linear PID controller (2011)

Interest is apparently growing in the four-switch noninverting Buck-Boost converter, which can be effectively used as a power supply for mobile devices. A typical application is a dynamic power supply for third-generation (3G) Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) Power Amplifiers (PA). While several control strategies based on the linear control theory have been proposed recently, there is still room for investigation of nonlinear control techniques. In this paper, a fixed-frequency nonlinear controller based on the sliding mode theory is presented and compared to a classical linear Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) implementation. The main differences from the design perspective and in terms of performance are then pointed out and commented. The main advantages of the proposed technique generally include an improvement of the dynamic performance and increased energy efficiency of the conversion. Simulation results are provided in order to evaluate and compare the different control strategies.
AlGaAs/InGaAs power P-HEMTs for high-efficiency, low-voltage portable applications (2002)

Power Pseudomorphic High Electron Mobility Transistors (P-HEMTs) with unprecedented efficiency are being produced for low-voltage portable wireless products. 12 mm devices operating at 3.5 V achieve more than 75% power added efficiency, 1.5 W output power, and 11.5 dB gain, simultaneously, at a frequency of 850 MHz.
An adaptive error control system using hybrid ARQ schemes (1991)

A simple and efficient system utilizing the class of Hamming codes in a cascaded manner is proposed to provide high throughput over a wide range of channel bit error probability. Comparisons with other adaptive schemes indicate that the proposed system is superior from the point of view of throughput, while still providing the same order of reliability as an ARQ (automatic repeat request) system. The main feature of this system is that the receiver uses the same decoder for decoding the received information after each transmission while the error-correcting capability of the code increases. As a result, the system is kept to the minimum complexity and the system performance is improved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>