gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Does a magnetic barrier or a magnetic-electric barrier structure possess any spin polarization and spin filtering under zero bias? (2001)

In this letter, we have clarified that there is no spin polarization and spin filtering in a magnetic barrier structure as well as in a magnetic–electric barrier structure using our explicit expressions for electron transmission probability. Our results are found to be contradictory to those of A. Majumdar [Phys. Rev. B 54, 11911 (1996)] and G. Papp and F. M. Peeters [Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2184 (2001)]. We have shown the significant spin polarization and spin filtering observed by these authors were caused by a mistake in their transmission probability.
Chemical characterization of cyanogen bromide fragments from the β‐chain of human complement factor C3 (1984)

The isolated beta-chain of human complement factor C3 (C3 beta) was fragmented by cyanogen bromide. Nine fragments were defined by gel filtration and high-pressure liquid chromatography, and characterized with respect to their Mr, amino acid composition and N-terminal amino acid sequence. Approx. 30% of the primary structure of C3 beta was determined. Alignment of the 3 N-terminal fragments allowed determination of 61 of the amino terminal residues of C3 beta. This region demonstrated 40% homology with the sequence in the N-terminal segment of the alpha-chain of the cobra venom factor.
A Study on the “Non-Chelation Controlled” Organometallic Addition totrans α,β-Epoxy Aldehydes − A Straightforward Stereoselective Synthesis of the Abbot Amino Dihydroxyethylene Dipeptide Isoster (2002)

A study of the organometallic addition to α,β-epoxy aldehydes in “non-chelation controlled” conditions is reported. The conditions able to give the best stereoselectivities are used to prepare the Abbott amino diol. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002)
Mortality Probability Models (MPM II) Based on an International Cohort of Intensive Care Unit Patients (1993)

Among severity systems for intensive care patients, the MPM0 is the only model available for use at ICU admission. Both MPM0 and MPM24 are useful research tools and provide important clinical information when used alone or together.
Novel synthesis of disubstituted maleic anhydrides by the pyrolysis of 1-ethoxy-1-alkenyl esters of .alpha.-keto acids (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel synthesis of disubstituted maleic anhydrides by the pyrolysis of 1-ethoxy-1-alkenyl esters of .alpha.-keto acidsMelvin S. Newman and Wayne M. StalickCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 19, 3386–3389Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00959a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00959a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views207Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Timing measurements of synchronization circuits (2003)

A regular (two-flop) synchronizer and six multi-synchronous synchronizers are implemented on a programmable logic device and are measured. An experimental system and method for measuring synchronizers and metastable flip-flops are described. Two separate settling time constants are shown for a metastable flop, confirming earlier results of Dike and Burton [1999]. Clocking cross-talk between asynchronous clocks is demonstrated. The regular synchronizer is useful for communications between asynchronous clock domains, while the other synchronizers can provide higher bandwidth communications between multi-synchronous and mesochronous domains.
87. Spasmolytics derived from xanthen. Part II (1960)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Cardiotoxicity of ropivacaine – a new amide local anaesthetic agent (1989)

Anaesthetically equipotent doses of lidocaine, bupivacaine and a new bupivacaine-like local anaesthetic agent, ropivacaine, were injected into the left anterior descending coronary artery of pentobarbital-anaesthetized pigs. The aim was to study the cardiotoxicity of ropivacaine in relation to the two other drugs. A random, crossover, dose response study design was used. The following doses of the drugs were administered: lidocaine (L): 1,2,4,8 and 16 mg, bupivacaine (B): 0.25, 0.5, 1,2 and 4 mg and ropivacaine (R): 0.33, 0.66 1.33, 2.66 and 5.33 mg. Systemic haemodynamics, left ventricular dP/dT and a 12-lead electrocardiogram were recorded continuously during the study period. The drugs depressed cardiac contractility in relation to their local anaesthetic potency on the isolated nerve-4:3:1 (B:R:L). The prolongation of the ECG QRS-interval was regarded as a measure of electrophysiologic toxicity. Comparable prolongation of the QRS-interval was recorded after 2 mg of bupivacaine, 4.5 mg of ropivacaine and 30 mg of lidocaine. Thus, the electrophysiological toxicity ratio was 15:6.7:1 (B:R:L). Provided local anaesthetic potency data can be extrapolated from the isolated nerve preparation to regional anaesthesia in humans, ropivacaine appears to provide a greater margin of safety than bupivacaine, if inadvertently injected into the venous circulation.
Pharmacological Actions of Sodium Ferulate in Cardiovascular System (2006)

Sodium ferulate (SF) or 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-cinamate sodium is an active principle from Angelica sinensis, Cimicifuga heracleifolia, Lignsticum chuangxiong, and other plants. It has been used in traditional Chinese medicine and is approved by State Drugs Administration of China as a drug for treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. SF has antithrombotic, platelet aggregation inhibitory and antioxidant activities in animals and humans. For several decades SF has been widely used in China to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and to prevent thrombosis. Exciting clinical results have been obtained with SF in coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, pulmonary heart disease and thrombosis. Its safety and efficacy have been demonstrated in clinical practice. This article briefly reviews basic pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicology and clinical pharmacology of SF. The in vitro and in vivo data support the view that SF is a useful drug for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Quantum dots, lasers and amplifiers (2002)

Continuous wave room-temperature output power of /spl sim/3 W for edge-emitters and of 0.8 mW for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers is realized for GaAs-based devices using InAs quantum dots (QDs) operating at 1.3 /spl mu/m. Long operation lifetimes and radiation hardness are manifested and cut-off frequency of about 10 GHz is realized. The breakthrough became possible due to development for self-organized growth in QD technology.
The Biolog Project: Self-Monitoring as a Laboratory for Physiological Psychology (1995)

Laboratories in physiological psychology often require the use of expensive equipment and the debatable ethics of using animals for surgical demonstration. This article describes an optional and independent laboratory, the Biolog, that emphasizes a macro-analysis of physiological functioning, rather than the microanalysis of traditional physiological laboratory exercises. In the Biolog, students select physiological functions that they self-monitor. Feedback suggests that students value this experience and find it a useful adjunct to learning about physiological functioning.
Influence of length and flexibility of spacers on the binding affinity of divalent ligands (2015)

We present a quantitative model for the binding of divalent ligand-receptor systems. We study the influence of length and flexibility of the spacers on the overall binding affinity and derive general rules for the optimal ligand design. To this end, we first compare different polymeric models and determine the probability to simultaneously bind to two neighboring receptor binding pockets. In a second step the binding affinity of divalent ligands in terms of the IC50 value is derived. We find that a divalent ligand has the potential to bind more efficiently than its monovalent counterpart only, if the monovalent dissociation constant is lower than a critical value. This critical monovalent dissociation constant depends on the ligand-spacer length and flexibility as well as on the size of the receptor. Regarding the optimal ligand-spacer length and flexibility, we find that the average spacer length should be equal or slightly smaller than the distance between the receptor binding pockets and that the end-to-end spacer length fluctuations should be in the same range as the size of a receptor binding pocket.
Synthesis kinetics of CdSe quantum dots in trioctylphosphine oxide and in stearic acid (2005)

A diffusion-barrier model described the early evolution of size-dependent photoluminescence emission from CdSe quantum dots formed by organometallic synthesis. Emission peak widths, emission redshift rates, and nanocrystal growth rates all decreased to a minimum at a reaction completion time. Growth after the completion time by Ostwald ripening was marked by a doubling of the activation energy. The temperature dependence of both reaction completion rates and photoluminescence redshift rates followed Arrhenius behavior governed by activation energies that increased with solvent molecular weight, in this limited case. In stearic acid and in trioctylphosphine oxide, the typical activation energies were 0.6±0.1 and 0.92±0.26eV∕molecule, respectively.
A Water-Soluble Poly(phenylene ethynylene) with Pendant Phosphonate Groups. Synthesis, Photophysics, and Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Films (2003)

This paper reports the synthesis, optical, and thin-film-forming properties of a new water-soluble poly(phenylene ethynylene) that features phosphonate solubilizing groups. The new polymer, PPE-PO3-, is prepared by a synthetic route that involves initial preparation of a neutral analogue polymer in which the phosphonate groups are in the form of dibutyl esters. The neutral polymer is converted to the water-soluble form by cleavage of the phosphonate ester groups using (CH3)3SiBr. PPE-PO3- absorbs in the blue of the visible region and features a moderately intense fluorescence. The absorption and fluorescence of the polymer vary strongly with pH, an effect which is believed to arise because the polymer exists in a strongly aggregated form at low pH and in a relatively unaggregated state at high pH. Ultrathin multilayer films of the PPE-PO3- are deposited by the layer-by-layer (LbL) method using either the cationic polyelectrolyte poly(diallyldimethylamine) or Zr(IV) as deposition “partners”. Absorption spectroscopy indicates that the average bilayer thickness of the LbL films increases as the pH of the deposition solution decreases. This effect is believed to be due in part to the fact that the R−PO3- groups are partially neutralized at low pH; however, aggregation of the polymer in solution is also believed to contribute to the increase in the amount of polymer deposited at low pH. The fluorescence of PPE-PO3- is quenched very strongly in solution by cationic electron and energy acceptors, with Stern−Volmer quenching constants of ≈107 M-1. Finally, an electroluminescent device was fabricated using a 10 bilayer film consisting of PPE-PO3-/Zr(IV). The device turns on between 5 and 6 V and exhibits a yellow-orange emission.
Investigation of Aromatic/Aliphatic Polyimides as Dispersants for Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (2006)

Novel aromatic/aliphatic polyimides were prepared from 2,7-diamino-9,9‘-dioctylfluorene (AFDA) and aromatic dianhydrides. Upon investigating the effectiveness of these polyimides for debundling single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in solution, three were discovered to aid in the dispersion of SWNTs in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc). Two of these polyimides, one from 3,3‘,4,4‘-oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA) and one from symmetric 3,3‘,4,4‘-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (s-BPDA), were used to prepare nanocomposites. Homogeneous polyimide/SWNT suspensions from both polymers were used in the preparation of films and fibers containing up to 1 wt % SWNTs. The samples were thermally treated to remove residual solvent, and the films were characterized for SWNT dispersion by optical and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM). Electrical and mechanical properties of the films were also determined. Electrospun fibers were examined by HRSEM to characterize SWNT alignment and orientation.
Elimination of regulatory T cells is essential for an effective vaccination with tumor lysate‐pulsed dendritic cells in a murine glioma model (2007)

Both melanoma and glioma cells are of neuroectodermal origin and share common tumor associated antigens. In this article, we report that the melanocyte differentiation antigen TRP2 (tyrosinase-related protein 2) is not predominantly involved in the tumor rejection of a syngeneic murine glioma. Although GL261 glioma cells endogenously expressed TRP2 and were lysed by TRP2 specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) in vitro, vaccinations with TRP2 peptide-pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) could only induce minor antiglioma responses in a prophylactic setting and failed to work in a stringent setting where vaccine and tumor were administered on the same day. Further analysis revealed that TRP2 is not recognized by bulk CTLs after depletion of regulatory T cells which results in tumor rejections in vivo. In contrast to TRP2 peptide-pulsed DC, tumor lysate-pulsed DCs were more potent as a vaccine and completely protected mice from tumor outgrowth in a prophylactic setting. However, the vaccine efficacy of tumor lysate-pulsed DC was not sufficient to prevent the tumor outgrowth when tumors were inoculated the same day. In this case, Treg depletion before vaccination was essential to boost antiglioma immune responses leading to the rejection of 80% of the mice and long-term immunity. Therefore, we conclude that counteracting the immunosuppressive glioma tumor environment via depletion of regulatory T cells is a prerequisite for successful eradication of gliomas after targeting multiple tumor antigens by using tumor lysate-pulsed DCs as a vaccine in a more stringent setting.
TGFβ2 Induces the Formation of Cross-Linked Actin Networks (CLANs) in Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells Through the Smad and Non-Smad Dependent Pathways (2017)

TGFβ2-induced CLANs in NTM cells were prevented and resolved using various pathway inhibitors. Apart from CLAN inhibition, some of these inhibitors also had different effects on actin stress fibers.
Bimodal degradation of MLL by SCF <sup>Skp2</sup> and APC <sup>Cdc20</sup> assures cell cycle execution: a critical regulatory circuit lost in leukemogenic MLL fusions (2007)

Human chromosome 11q23 translocations disrupting MLL result in poor prognostic leukemias. It fuses the common MLL N-terminal approximately 1400 amino acids in-frame with >60 different partners without shared characteristics. In addition to the well-characterized activity of MLL in maintaining Hox gene expression, our recent studies established an MLL-E2F axis in orchestrating core cell cycle gene expression including Cyclins. Here, we demonstrate a biphasic expression of MLL conferred by defined windows of degradation mediated by specialized cell cycle E3 ligases. Specifically, SCF(Skp2) and APC(Cdc20) mark MLL for degradation at S phase and late M phase, respectively. Abolished peak expression of MLL incurs corresponding defects in G1/S transition and M-phase progression. Conversely, overexpression of MLL blocks S-phase progression. Remarkably, MLL degradation initiates at its N-terminal approximately 1400 amino acids, and tested prevalent MLL fusions are resistant to degradation. Thus, impaired degradation of MLL fusions likely constitutes the universal mechanism underlying all MLL leukemias. Our data conclude an essential post-translational regulation of MLL by the cell cycle ubiquitin/proteasome system (UPS) assures the temporal necessity of MLL in coordinating cell cycle progression.
Measuring Method Of Optical Disk Mechanical Characteristics (1987)

This paper describes a new method for measuring optical disk mechanical characteristics significant for both drive design and disk interchangeability. This method enables the simultaneous and accurate detection of disk properties using a compact measuring head. This paper also discusses a new acceleration criterion for optical disks and an appropriate clamping force for correct measurement of their mechanical characteristics.
OUTCOMES AND APACHE II PREDICTIONS FOR CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RENAL FAILURE REQUIRING DIALYSIS (2001)

We conclude that mortality rate for acute renal failure in intensive care unit patients continues to be high. The use of the APACHE II score determined at the time of initiation of dialysis for patients with ARF is a statistically significant predictor of patient survival. There is a significant trend with APACHE II score for outcome.
Antiangiogenic Therapy in Malignant Glioma: Promise and Challenge (2007)

Malignant glioma represents one of the most lethal and angiogenic cancers. Angiogenesis is a fundamental process of blood vessel growth that is a hallmark of cancer. Although several molecular mechanisms contribute to tumor angiogenesis in gliomas, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway appears particularly important and has been a prominent therapeutic target in cancer treatment. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated efficacy of antiangiogenic agents in both subcutaneous and orthotopic malignant glioma xenograft models. Recently, a phase II clinical trial of bevacizumab, a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to VEGF, in combination with irinotecan has demonstrated promising radiographic response and survival benefit in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. Several other antiangiogenic agents such as inhibitors to platelet derived growth factors (PDGFs), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), angiopoietins/Tie-2 system, protein kinase C and integrins are currently in preclinical and clinical development. Despite the encouraging results of antiangiogenic therapies in malignant glioma, there are several challenges to be overcome to achieve optimal clinical benefit. Identification of biomarkers to predict response or resistance and to monitor antiangiogenic effects is important to enrich for patients who are likely to respond to therapy and to define the optimal biological dose. At present, antiangiogenic therapies remain palliative suggesting that overcoming antiangiogenic resistance may require multi-targeted agents, combination of agents targeting different angiogenic pathways or multi-modality combination with radiation, chemotherapy, other targeted therapeutics or immunotherapy. In this review, we will discuss the current development, promise and challenge of antiangiogenic therapy in malignant glioma.
N-Type Hyperbranched Polymers for Supercapacitor Cathodes with Variable Porosity and Excellent Electrochemical Stability (2015)

A series of n-type hyperbranched polymers exhibiting variable porosity and excellent electrochemical stability are presented for use as the cathodes of asymmetric supercapacitors. The polymers are designed with triphenylamine (TPA) cores and naphthalene diimide (NDI) terminal units, with NDI being chosen for its electrochemical stability under reduction. A different number of thiophene rings between the TPA and NDI units are used to alter the porosity. These devices show very good stability over 500 cycles as a result of the stable NDI unit, and nitrogen adsorption experiments confirm that the addition of thiophene spacers results in a concomitant increase in the polymer matrix pore size. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) characterization reveals that as the porosity of the polymer increases, the diffusion resistance decreases. However, as the pore size increases, the charge transfer resistance and equivalent series resistance increases. Finally, one of the polymers is used to fabricate proof-of-concept symmetric supercapacitors.
[Radiation protective efficacy of alpha-adrenomimetics during local gamma irradiation of the skin]. (1999)

In experiment with mice and rats radioprotective properties of direct alpha-adrenomimetic drugs: indraline, mesaton (phenylephrine) and naphthyzine (naphazoline) have been investigated by local early and late radiation injuries. The drugs were S. C. and C. administrated at the site of the thigh of the hind of the animal at intervals of 5-8 min locally was irradiated with gamma-60Co-rays in the doses of 26.3-53.7 Gy at a rate of the dose of 1.31-1.54 Gy/min. When S. C. injected the topical effect of the adrenomimetics was higher than the systemic one. In experiment with mice radioprotective efficiency of topical indraline (S. C. 50 and 100 mg/kg) in term of DRF was equal to 1.34 and 1.67 for radiation burn of the skin, 1.56 and 1.91 for 3rd month radiation contracture of the hind and 1.10 and 1.50 for partial amputation of the one. In the same condition the effect of topical mesaton (S. C. 1, 2.5, 5 mg/kg) in term of DRF was accordingly equal to 1.29, 1.49 and 1.62 for early radiation injury, 1.08, 1.20 and 1.46 for 3th month radiation contracture of the hind and 1.0, 1.14, 1.33 for partial amputation of the one; the effect of topical naphthyzine (5 mg/kg) in the term of DRF was 1.36 for early radiation injury. In experiment with rats radioprotective property of systemic indraline (I. M. 100 mg/kg) in the term of DRF was equal to 1.39 for radiation burn of the skin, 1.39 for 6th month radiation contracture of the hind, 1.41 for partial amputation of the one. When C. administrated the effect of topical indraline (5% solution in 50% DMSO or ethyl alcohol solution) in term of DRF was accordingly equal to 1.17 and 1.18 for radiation burn ot the skin, 1.50 and 1.35 for radiation contracture of the hind, 1.41 and 1.28 for amputation of the one. When S. C. administrated the effect of topical and systemic mesaton (2.5 mg/kg) in term of DRF was accordingly equal to 1.30 and 1.04 for radiation burn ot the skin. 1.25 and 1.0 for radiation contracture of the hind, 1.30 and 1.0 for amputation of the one.