gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Torque Sensor for Automotive Applications (2015)

The use of sensors in the automotive industry is increasing, improving performance and safety of the vehicles. The ambition at BorgWarner TorqTransfer Systems AB is to increase torque accuracy to optimize their powertrain solutions. Different methods to measure torque on a rotating shaft is presented and evaluated. The method that was selected was the magnetoelastic method. This method utilizes the effect where the magnetic properties changes in a material in response to mechanical stresses. A circularly magnetized ring divided into two oppositely polarized bands was press-fitted onto the main shaft of the coupling together with an isolation ring. When the ring is subjected to torque it generates a magnetic field that is dependent on the torque which is then measured using a agnetometer. Two shafts were fitted with the sensor concept for testing, of which one shaft was weakened to get higher stresses in the sensing element. A series of test were conducted to measure the sensors response and sensitivity. The magnetoelastic material was tested before assembling the sensor, it showed a relatively linear dependency between stresses and magnetic field, within the tested range. The test result from the weakened shaft clearly shows the torque induced variations of the magnetic field. The proposed solution demonstrates the potential of making a compact sensor with few components with possibilities to be integrated in BorgWarner products.
Evaluation of Guided-Wave Propagation Characteristics. (1991)

Evaluation technology for optical waveguides and guided-wave devices play an important role inrealizing optical integrated circuits. We can find various methods to be proposed for this purpose. Most of these techniques involve the measurement of the relationship between optical powers launched into and coupled out of the waveguide. However, these methods are not directly available for the evaluation of devices in a fabrication process and not suitable for understanding of device operation. We have proposed a microcomputer-assisted video camera observing system to evaluate guided-wave devices and measured large variety of optical waveguides and optical integrated circuits. The system, in spite of its simple construction, has a great advantage of nondestructive measurement and possible observation of light field profile propagating in optical devices. Here we review the system and show some results obtained with a guided-wave Geodesic lens, two-types of gratings, directional coupler, and optical branches. We can easily comprehend the operation of such devices as well as obtain a mode propagation loss,
A gradient-based variable step-size LMS algorithm (2002)

An algorithm is presented which uses the power of the filtered gradient estimate to form the step-size parameter mu . Each weight coordinate has its own variable step-size parameter to update more accurately the weight vector in the direction of the minimum of the performance surface. Performance results are presented which show that the gradient-based variable step-size algorithm is capable of faster convergence with less misadjustment than the classic LMS (least mean square) algorithm. This performance improvement holds in general for various signal-to-noise ratios and eigenvalue spreads, and for both stationary and nonstationary signals. The complexity is only 2-3 times that of the LMS algorithm, making it an attractive choice for many adaptive filtering applications. A drawback of this algorithm is that the misadjustment is directly proportional to the minimum mean square error, making this algorithm dependent upon the mean value of the signals to be filtered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Securing an object relational database (2002)

A form of security labelling is added to a COTS object relational DBMS. The labelling is discretionary and so provides mediated access to data, but does not defend against the inappropriate release of data through the database, whether by Trojan Horse software or a treacherous user. To counter these risks, business constraints are imposed to ensure that a user sanctions the release of any data and adequate business related accounting information is recorded. The business constraints are implemented using the features of the object relational DBMS.
Outside In (2011)

David Newnham looks on self-heating dried food forward to surviving during his old age
A method for projecting imports (1968)

A method for projecting imports has been developed. The method is a fairly conventional one as far as input/output techniques are concerned, but its application is limited in developing countries due to a lack of necessary statistics to set up input/output tables. It involves two separate input/output tables, enabling it to deal with information about the manner in which the economic structure is changing as well as about the structure of the economy. The current official estimates of imports are derived by making subjective estimates of the probable future levels of the components of invisible imports. Goods imports are postulated to maintain a constant ratio to GNP. It is assumed that the output of a sector is linearly related to the inputs to that sector. Using the input/output table and derived import coefficients, a simple constant average import projection is reached. The second table allows estimation of the change in structure of the economy. The two-table input/output model is far more efficient than traditional constant average, constant margin, and constant structure methods.
Loss factor height and width limits for polymer relaxations (1994)

Polymer relaxations at the glass transition are often used in damping applications. Questions arise whether there is any limit to the height and width of the damping peak that can be achieved. A related question is whether there are any limits on the combination of these two properties that are achievable. This later question arises because of the experimental observation that the height of the peak is inversely related to the width of the peak. In this paper, these questions are addressed using various analytical models of polymer behavior. Starting with the single relaxation time model and progressing to the Cole–Cole model, the Davidson–Cole model, and finally the Havriliak–Negami (HN) model, height and width predictions are obtained. It is found that the HN model predicts a band of physically possible height and width combinations when using reasonable values of the model parameters. High peaks are narrow and broad peaks are low. For a loss factor peak height of 2, the half-width must be less than 3 decades; for a half-width of 8 decades, the peak height must be less than 0.5. A comparison with experimental data for polymers of widely varying properties is in good agreement with these predictions.
The antiglycolytic action on dental plaque of amine chlorides. (1975)

The influence on the glycolytic activity of dental plaque of different amine-hydrochloride compounds 300, 315 and 356 (oleylamine) respectively at concentrations equimolar to their corresponding amine fluorides 297, 242 and 335 at 250 ppm F-concentrations and of hexetidine and sodium laurylsulfate was tested in an in vivo/in vitro combination. Hexetidine and sodium laurylsulfate were assessed at concentrations equimolar to compound 315. After having refrained from oral hygiene for three days four test subjects rinsed for 3 minutes with 10 ml H2O. Plaque was collected from interdental areas immediately after the control water rinse and 6 and 60 minutes after rinsing for 3 minutes with 10 ml of test solution. The plaque then was exposed in vitro to 10% glucose solution, and pH-decreases due to glycolysis were recorded for 30 minutes. Rinsing with amine chlorides resulted in strong inhibition of glycolytic activity 6 minutes as well as 1 hour after rinsing. Hexetidine and sodium laurylsulfate did not depress the fermentation of glucose.
Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of pyruvate and 2-ketoisovalerate ferredoxin oxidoreductases from Pyrococcus furiosus and pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase from Thermotoga maritima (1996)

Previous studies have shown that the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus contains four distinct cytoplasmic 2-ketoacid oxidoreductases (ORs) which differ in their substrate specificities, while the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima contains only one, pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (POR). These enzymes catalyze the synthesis of the acyl (or aryl) coenzyme A derivative in a thiamine PPi-dependent oxidative decarboxylation reaction with reduction of ferredoxin. We report here on the molecular analysis of the POR (por) and 2-ketoisovalerate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (vor) genes from P. furiosus and of the POR gene from T. maritima, all of which comprise four different subunits. The operon organization for P. furiosus POR and VOR was porG-vorDAB-porDAB, wherein the gamma subunit is shared by the two enzymes. The operon organization for T. maritima POR was porGDAB. The three enzymes were 46 to 53% identical at the amino acid level. Their delta subunits each contained two ferredoxin-type [4Fe-4S] cluster binding motifs (CXXCXXCXXXCP), while their beta subunits each contained four conserved cysteines in addition to a thiamine PPi-binding domain. Amino-terminal sequence comparisons show that POR, VOR, indolepyruvate OR, and 2-ketoglutarate OR of P. furiosus all belong to a phylogenetically homologous OR family. Moreover, the single-subunit pyruvate ORs from mesophilic and moderately thermophilic bacteria and from an amitochondriate eucaryote each contain four domains which are phylogenetically homologous to the four subunits of the hyperthermophilic ORs (27% sequence identity). Three of these subunits are also homologous to the dimeric POR from a mesophilic archaeon, Halobacterium halobium (21% identity). A model is proposed to account for the observed phenotypes based on genomic rearrangements of four ancestral OR subunits.
Early Meteorological Results from the Viking 2 Lander (1976)

Early results from the meteorological instruments on the Viking 2 lander are presented. As on lander 1, the daily patterns of temperature, wind, and pressure have been highly repetitive during the early summer period. The average daily maximum temperature was 241 degrees K and the diurnal minimum was 191 degrees K. The wind has a vector mean of 0.7 meter per second from the southeast with a diurnal amplitude of 3 meters per second. Pressure exhibits both diurnal and semidiurnal oscillations, although of substantially smaller amplitude than those of lander 1. Departures from the repetitive diurnal patterns begin to appear on sol 37.
Preparation of Fullerene−Polyyne Nanospheres via Thermally Induced Solid-State Polymerization (2005)

A 1,3,5,7-octatetrayne-linked bis(fullerene) compound has been synthesized. Through a thermally induced solid-state polymerization reaction on a surface, the solid thin film of this compound was transformed into a highly uniform and well organized polymer nanosphere array. This finding suggests a simple and useful method for the preparation of carbon-rich, fullerene-containing nanoparticles.
A model for the formation and stabilization of charged water clathrates (1980)

A model for the formation and stabilization of charged water clathrates is presented which accounts for observed anomalies in H+(H2O)n ion distributions. These anomalies are observed in both ion cluster and neutral expansions and are consistent with the sizes expected for clathrate ions. That the same sizes are observed in both ion cluster and neutral expansions strongly suggests that a rapid ionic process is responsible for their formation. The proposed model is based on the high mobility and bonding effects of the ’’excess’’ proton in water. Computer simulations suggest that ’’excess’’ proton movement in a water clathrate would be suitable for stabilizing the clathrate structure as well as giving it access to a large number of nearly degenerate proton configurations. The formation of clathrates in charged water clusters of proper size can be ascribed to the following: rapid ’’excess’’ proton movement, a strong preference of the H3O+ for a 3-coordinate bonding structure (which is compatible with hydrogen bonding), and finally, relatively slow processes leading to thermal disorder.
Does CEOs Power Moderate the Effect of Audit Committee Objectivity on Financial Reporting Quality in the Nigerian Banking Sector (2019)

This study empirically examined the impact of audit committee objectivity (contingent on CEO Power) on the quality of financial reporting in the Nigerian Banking Sector. The study adopted a survey research approach and secondary data extracted from financial statement. The OLS and LSDV analysis were used to investigate the impact of Audit Committee objectivity on the quality of financial reporting with or without CEO power and influence. The findings showed, that, while audit committee independence impact positively on the relevance and reliability of financial report, the same cannot be said when there was CEO power. CEO power in the audit committee mitigated the benefits of independence and caused its overall effects on financial reporting quality of no significant in terms of relevance and reliability. The study therefore recommended that having a majority of independent directors would increase the quality of board oversight, lessen the possibility of damaging conflicts of interest and helps to repose inventors’ confidence especially foreign investors that would invariably draft in FDI. This will align boards’ decisions with the interests of shareholders they represent. This will reduce significantly the ability of the CEO overbearing influence on the committee activities in ensuring financial reporting quality.
Stability and Bifurcation of a Computer Virus Propagation Model with Delay and Incomplete Antivirus Ability (2014)

A new computer virus propagation model with delay and incomplete antivirus ability is formulated and its global dynamics is analyzed. The existence and stability of the equilibria are investigated by resorting to the threshold value R 0 . By analysis, it is found that the model may undergo a Hopf bifurcation induced by the delay. Correspondingly, the critical value of the Hopf bifurcation is obtained. Using Lyapunov functional approach, it is proved that, under suitable conditions, the unique virus‐free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if R 0 < 1, whereas the virus equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if R 0 > 1. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate possible behavioral scenarios of the mode.
Optical reflectance sensor for detecting plants (1991)

The reflectance ratio meter, an optical device for detecting weeds by measuring the ratio of reflected red and near-infrared light, is described. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the accuracy of the sensor in detecting weeds in the inter-row of growing soybeans and to characterize its sensitivity. Several methods for interpreting the signal were evaluated. The reflectance ratio meter is shown to have potential for estimating local weed populations.
A Pneumatic Tactile Sensor for Co-Operative Robots (2017)

Tactile sensors of comprehensive functions are urgently needed for the advanced robot to co-exist and co-operate with human beings. Pneumatic tactile sensors based on air bladder possess some noticeable advantages for human-robot interaction application. In this paper, we construct a pneumatic tactile sensor and apply it on the fingertip of robot hand to realize the sensing of force, vibration and slippage via the change of the pressure of the air bladder, and we utilize the sensor to perceive the object's features such as softness and roughness. The pneumatic tactile sensor has good linearity, repeatability and low hysteresis and both its size and sensing range can be customized by using different material as well as different thicknesses of the air bladder. It is also simple and cheap to fabricate. Therefore, the pneumatic tactile sensor is suitable for the application of co-operative robots and can be widely utilized to improve the performance of service robots. We can apply it to the fingertip of the robot to endow the robotic hand with the ability to co-operate with humans and handle the fragile objects because of the inherent compliance of the air bladder.
Concentration of animal blood by ultrafiltration (1981)

Abstract Pilot‐scale investigations into the application of ultrafiltration (UF) for concentrating bovine blood or a mixture of bovine and ovine blood are described. Tests were carried out in an Iopor 6CL UF system and a Romicon (hollow fiber) UF system. Optimal operating conditions for these two system were evaluated. Starting from a 18–20% TS lood concentration final concentrations of 28–30% TS were achieved. The lopor system was found to be more suited for processing blood and the average flux values obtained indicated UF to be a more economical process for concentrating blood than vacuum evaporation.
Adaptive Control of Necklace States in a Photonic Crystal Waveguide (2018)

Resonant cavities with high quality factor and small mode volume provide crucial enhancement of light-matter interactions in nanophotonic devices that transport and process classical and quantum information. The production of functional circuits containing many such cavities remains a major challenge, as inevitable imperfections in the fabrication detune the cavities, which strongly affects functionality such as transmission. In photonic crystal waveguides, intrinsic disorder gives rise to high-<i>Q</i> localized resonances through Anderson localization; however their location and resonance frequencies are completely random, which hampers functionality. We present an adaptive holographic method to gain reversible control on these randomly localized modes by locally modifying the refractive index. We show that our method can dynamically form or break highly transmitting necklace states, which is an essential step toward photonic-crystal-based quantum networks and signal processing circuits, as well as slow light applications and fundamental physics.
Fusion of SAR and optical remote sensing data — Challenges and recent trends (2017)

In this paper, we summarize challenges, proposed solutions and recent trends in the field of SAR-optical remote sensing data fusion. Although being a pre-processing step before the actual fusion-by-estimation, it is shown that matching and coregistration is one of the core challenges in that regard, which is mainly due to the strongly different geometric and radiometric properties of the two observation types. We then review some of the published fusion methods and discuss the future trends of this topic.
Measurement of the Bending and Twist in a Deforming Airfoil Using Laser-Based Imaging (2005)

A simple measurement system is described that can be used to measure the contours and position of surfaces in a wind tunnel. The system uses a standard digital camera with a mega-pixel CCD array and diode lasers whose beams are shaped in to light sheets with a cylindrical lens. The lasers illuminate lines across the surface and the spatial coordinates of illuminated points along these lines are determined using a function determined during a calibration procedure. The approach is non-intrusive and has been used to measure the deformation of an airfoil mounted in a wind tunnel. The concept of the technique, the calibration process, and measurements are presented. Nomenclature
Unity power factor control method of single-phase to three-phase power converter without reactor and electrolytic capacitor (2005)

This paper proposes a novel single-phase to three-phase converter topology, which aims at the source side power ripple. The proposed system obtains unity power factor of single-phase rectifier without a reactor and a bulky electrolytic capacitor. Source side energy provides directly to the motor without smoothing at the dc-bus voltage. This paper describes that the proposed method achieves the power factor 98.8% by experimental tests. In addition, this paper shows the influence to digital control of the proposed system.
Inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase of HeLa cells by diamines and polyamines. Effect on cell proliferation (1980)

1. Ornithine decarboxylase activity is stimulated in high-density HeLa-cell cultures by dilution of or replacement of spent culture medium with fresh medium containing 10% (v/v) horse serum. 2. After stimulation, ornithine decarboxylase activity reaches a peak at 4-6h, then rapidly declines to the low enzyme activity characteristic of quiescent cultures, where it remains during the remainder of the cell cycle. 3. The stimulation of ornithine decarboxylase is eliminated by the addition of 0.5mum-spermine or -spermidine or 10mum-putrescine to the HeLa-cell cultures at the time of re-feeding with fresh medium. Much higher concentrations (1mm) of the non-physiological diamines, 1,3-diamino-propane or 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropane, are required to eliminate the stimulation of ornithine decarboxylase in re-fed HeLa-cell cultures. 4. A heat-labile, non-diffusible inhibitor, comparable with the inhibitory protein ornithine decarboxylase antizyme, is induced in HeLa cells by the addition of exogenous diamines or polyamines. 5. Intracellular putrescine is eliminated, intracellular spermidine and spermine are severely decreased and proliferation of HeLa cells is inhibited when cultures are maintained for 48h in the presence of the non-physiological inducer of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme, 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropane. Exogenous putrescine, a physiological inducer of the antizyme, does not decrease intracellular polyamines or interfere with proliferation of HeLa cells.
Higher Expression of Caveolin-1 Inhibits Human Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) Apoptosis <i>In Vitro</i> (2012)

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive type of lung cancer, and its treatment is closely associated with apoptosis. Caveolin-1 plays an important role in the development of a variety of human cancers. This study sought to investigate the influence of Caveolin-1 on the apoptosis of SCLC in vitro. We demonstrate that higher expression of Caveolin-1 leads to inhibition of cisplatin and Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR)-induced apoptosis in SCLC cells; and also could decrease caspase-3 activity and increase the stability of Bcl-2 at the protein level. Our findings illuminate a potential molecular mechanism regarding CAV-1's role as anti-apoptosis protein.
Silicon photonic crystals and photonic wires circuits (2006)

We will review the latest results on development of submicron silicon-on-insulator waveguiding structures - photonic crystals and single-mode strip waveguides (photonic wires)
Dictionary of computers, information processing, and telecommunications (1987)

This is the only dictionary that links all three information technologies. This definitive reference source shows the relationship between them and makes their often confusing and intimidating vocabularies understandable to experts and laypersons alike. This edition has been extensively updated and expanded to reflect the tremendous advances in these areas since its publication in 1984. Its alphabetical format gives easy access to more than 10 000 listings, including new entries covering AI, integration, supercomputers, telecommunication and much more.