gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal Asperities Sensitivity to Particles: Methodology and Test Results (2000)

Thermal asperities (TA’s) are tribological events that cause repercussions for giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and MR heads in the hard disk drive industry. A TA is a read signal spike caused by sensor temperature rise due to contact with disk asperities or contaminant particles. TA events may cause GMR and MR heads to temporarily lose their reading capability, and may potentially damage the transducer. It is difficult to completely avoid particle contamination in hard drive applications. Hence it is necessary to design heads/media with a minimum TA sensitivity to particles. A test method for TA sensitivity to particles is needed. This work developed a test method for TA sensitivities to particles. The test system includes a CSS tester with TA detection capability, a chamber to contain the head/disk interface, a particle atomizer, and a particle counter. Aluminum silicate particles used in the test have sizes ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 μm. Particles are injected into the chamber during head scan for TA’s from ID to OD with adjustable air-borne concentrations in the chamber from 10×106 to 30×106particles/m3. TA counts of 30 scans are averaged to obtain reliable TA sensitivity data. Media with different lubricant thickness, different carbon overcoats, and different lubricant types are tested with this method. The results indicated that this methodology can effectively differentiate TA sensitivity to particles for the media studied.
Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Carbohydrates and their Monophosphates: The Pentoses and Hexoses (1989)

This review contains recommended values of the thermodynamic and transport properties of the five and six membered ring carbohydrates and their phosphates in both the condensed and aqueous phases. Equilibrium data, enthalpies, heat capacities, and entropies have been collected from the literature. The accuracy of these data have been assessed, adjusted to 298.15 K and to a common standard state, and entered into a catalog of thermochemical reactions. The solution of this reaction catalog yields a set of recommended values for the formation properties of these substances. The volumetric data have also been critically evaluated. Recommended values are presented for standard state molar volumes and the temperature and pressure derivatives of the molar volume, i. e., the expansivity and the compressibility. The excess property data of aqueous solutions of these substances have been correlated to yield recommended values of the parameters of the virial expansion model used to represent the data. The transport data considered here includes both viscosity and diffusion data of aqueous solutions of the carbohydrates. The available phase diagram data and transition temperatures are summarized.
Optimised Mechanical Properties of Ordered Noble Metal Allovs J I. PRELIMINARY STRONG COLD DEFORMATION RESULTS IN OPTIMISED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (2003)

The deformation behaviour of alloys that are ordered to form an Llo or Ll: superstructure after heavy plastic deformation has been studied. Allo-vs with the L1, superstructure, such as NiPt. FePd, Copt and CuAu, possess an optimum combination ofhigh strength andpIastici@ after thermomechanical treatment. Howevev, such properties were not obtained in PdjFe, PtjCo or CuJu which have the Llz superstructure. The structure ofFePd was examined by transmission electron microscopy upon annealing after heavy drawing and a set of typical superstructural states was found. The conditions needed to impart high strength and plastic properties to some ordered alloys based on noble metals are discussed. Ordered alloys based on the platinum group metals are used in contact, resistive, hard magnetic and spring materials. Their stable structures and properties impart high reliability to contact and elastic materials, and beneficial use is made of them in critical units and devices. These alloys also have a hh corrosion resistance which they retain under harsh operating conditions. Introducing a heavy cold deformation into their treatment cycle improves mechanical properties and extends their fields of applications. However, it affects the relationship between the dislocation structure produced in a disordered alloy by cold deformation and the subsequent ordering process. Cahn (1, 2) developed fundamental concepts for describing the effect of a heavy prelirmnary deformation on ordering processes. These indude: whether or not plastic deformation decelerates subsequent ordew, how ordering affects recrystallisation; these processes leads the other; and how the properties of the alloys change in this
Manchester decoder using SN-7474 (1980)

A simple and less expenaive way of decoding a Manchester encoded signal is described here.
Investigating the Quality of Service of Current and Future Tactical Information Exchanges - Net Warrior (2010)

Abstract : A series of Net Warrior exercises is planned to build, demonstrate and enhance Australian Defence Force Network Centric Warfare (NCW) interoperability. Under the auspices of Task CIO 07/042 and as part of a student vactional work experience project this report describes the use and functionality of the Quality of Service (QoS) software tool developed by Adelaide University under a DSTO contract funded by the AEW&C Project. It realistically characterises the radio communication environment in the tactical battlespace, and with the use of a Rosetta Gateway can be used in future Net Warrior exercises involving Tactical Digital Information Links (TADIL) between nodes (ie. mission system test-beds) within DSTO. Using Rosetta together with the QoS software the report also analizes a possible future scenario using current and future data links comparing the tranfer rates over time and hop counts between point to point and networked connections between two nodes. In this case the report shows an improvement in the quality of service and reliability in a possible future Global Information Grid Environment where nodes are ideally networked.
The Possible Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor‐<i>α</i> in Diabetic Polyneuropathy (2003)

In this review, the authors provide evidences that imply the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, especially diabetic polyneuropathy. Under chronic hyperglycemia, endogenous TNF-alpha production is accelerated in microvascular and neural tissues, which may undergo an increased microvascular permeability, hypercoagulability, and nerve damage, thus initiating and promoting the development of characteristic lesions of diabetic microangiopathy and polyneuropathy. Enhanced TNF-alpha production may also promote atherosclerosis due to increased insulin resistance and the expression of adhesion molecules. Clinical application of specific agents that suppress production and/or activity of TNF-alpha may inhibit the development and exacerbation of chronic diabetic complications.
Current detection technologies for circulating tumor cells (2017)

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells that circulate in the blood stream after being naturally shed from original or metastatic tumors, and can lead to a new fatal metastasis. CTCs have become a hotspot research field during the last decade. Detection of CTCs, as a liquid biopsy of tumors, can be used for early diagnosis of cancers, earlier evaluation of cancer recurrence and chemotherapeutic efficacy, and choice of individual sensitive anti-cancer drugs. Therefore, CTC detection is a crucial tool to fight against cancer. Herein, we classify the currently reported CTC detection technologies, introduce some representative samples for each technology, conclude the advantages and limitations, and give a future perspective including the challenges and opportunities of CTC detection.
Undergraduate data science degrees emphasize computer science and statistics but fall short in ethics training and domain-specific context (2021)

The interdisciplinary field of data science, which applies techniques from computer science and statistics to address questions across domains, has enjoyed recent considerable growth and interest. This emergence also extends to undergraduate education, whereby a growing number of institutions now offer degree programs in data science. However, there is considerable variation in what the field actually entails and, by extension, differences in how undergraduate programs prepare students for data-intensive careers. We used two seminal frameworks for data science education to evaluate undergraduate data science programs at a subset of 4-year institutions in the United States; developing and applying a rubric, we assessed how well each program met the guidelines of each of the frameworks. Most programs scored high in statistics and computer science and low in domain-specific education, ethics, and areas of communication. Moreover, the academic unit administering the degree program significantly influenced the course-load distribution of computer science and statistics/mathematics courses. We conclude that current data science undergraduate programs provide solid grounding in computational and statistical approaches, yet may not deliver sufficient context in terms of domain knowledge and ethical considerations necessary for appropriate data science applications. Additional refinement of the expectations for undergraduate data science education is warranted.
Carbonylation of .beta.-aminoethanols, diols, and diolamines (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbonylation of .beta.-aminoethanols, diols, and diolaminesWilson TamCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 15, 2977–2981Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00365a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00365a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views819Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Myosin Phosphatase Isoforms as Determinants of Smooth Muscle Contractile Function and Calcium Sensitivity of Force Production (2013)

The dephosphorylation of myosin by the MP causes smooth muscle relaxation. MP is also a key target of signals that regulate vascular tone and thus blood flow and pressure. Here, we review studies from the past two decades that support the hypothesis that the regulated expression of MP subunits is a critical determinant of smooth muscle responses to constrictor and dilator signals. In particular, the highly regulated splicing of the regulatory subunit Mypt1 Exon 24 is proposed to tune sensitivity to NO/cGMP-mediated relaxation. The regulated transcription of the MP inhibitory subunit CPI-17 is proposed to determine sensitivity to agonist-mediated constriction. The expression of these subunits is specific in the microcirculation and varies in developmental and disease contexts. To date, the relationship between MP subunit expression and vascular function in these different contexts is correlative; confirmation of the hypothesis will require the generation of genetically engineered mice to test the role of MP subunits and their isoforms in the specificity of vascular smooth muscle responses to constrictor and dilator signals.
Evaluation of modulus-constrained matched illumination waveforms for target identification (2010)

In prior work, we have applied matched illumination strategies to target identification by a closed-loop radar system. In the closed-loop system, multiple waveforms are transmitted in succession, but each is customized based on the returns from prior transmissions. In this prior work, however, the matched waveforms were not constrained to be constant modulus. This current paper evaluates the performance of closed-loop radar with constant-modulus matched illumination. We also compare the performance of non-constant-modulus illumination under a peak power constraint. Finally, we use simple target models and assume unknown orientation, rather than the deterministic or Gaussian target models used in earlier work.
Activation of an Enhancer on the Syndecan-1 Gene Is Restricted to Fibroblast Growth Factor Family Members in Mesenchymal Cells (1997)

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) induce a variety of biological effects on different cell types. They activate a number of genes, including immediate-early genes, such as the transcription factors Fos and Jun, which are also common targets for other tyrosine kinase receptor-activating growth factors. Here we describe a secondary far-upstream enhancer on the syndecan-1 gene that is activated only by members of the FGF family in NIH 3T3 cells, not by other receptor tyrosine kinase-activating growth factors (e.g., epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, or serum). This FGF-inducible response element (FiRE) consists of a 170-bp array of five DNA motifs which bind two FGF-inducible Fos-Jun heterodimers, one inducible AP-2-related protein, a constitutively expressed upstream stimulatory factor, and one constitutive 46-kDa transcription factor. Mutational analysis showed that both AP-1 binding motifs are required, but not sufficient, for FiRE activation. Moreover, agents such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, okadaic acid, or forskolin, which are known to activate AP-1 complexes and AP-1-driven promoters, fail to activate FiRE. However, FiRE can be activated by the tyrosine kinase phosphatase inhibitor orthovanadate. Taken together, this data implies a differential activation of growth factor-initiated signaling on AP-1-driven regulatory elements.
The Logistics of Learning: Strategies for Teaching a Part-Time Graduate Program in Public Management (2001)

established in 1998 at Victoria University of Wellington, is part-time and attracts a broad cross-section of mid-career public managers. Participants in the programme have the same needs as other adult learners, to be able to draw on and reflect upon
Stability of relevant plasma protein activities in cryosupernatant plasma units during refrigerated storage for up to 5 days postthaw (2013)

Extending the refrigerated storage of CSP from 1 to 5 days had little impact on product quality. The retention of more than 97% of initial mean ADAMTS13 activity after 5 days of refrigerated storage suggests that the shelf life of thawed refrigerated CSP could be extended without meaningful losses of its likely most important ingredients. CSP postthaw storage could be aligned to that of refrigerated thawed frozen plasma, currently available for transfusion in some jurisdictions for up to 5 days postthaw.
Polarized Uterine Epithelial Cells Preferentially Present Antigen at the Basolateral Surface: Role of Stromal Cells in Regulating Class II-Mediated Epithelial Cell Antigen Presentation (2005)

To study Ag presentation in the female reproductive tract, DO11.10 TCR transgenic mice specific for the class II MHC-restricted OVA(323-339) peptide and non-transgenic BALB/c mice were used. We report here that freshly isolated uterine epithelial cells, uterine stromal, and vaginal APCs present OVA and OVA(323-339) peptide to naive- and memory T cells, which is reduced when cells are incubated with Abs to CD80 and 86. To determine whether polarized primary epithelial cells present Ags, uterine epithelial cells were cultured on cell inserts in either the upright or inverted position. After reaching confluence, as indicated by high transepithelial resistance (>2000 ohms/well), Ag presentation by epithelial cells incubated with memory T cells and OVA(323-339) peptide placed on the basolateral surface (inverted) was 2- to 3-fold greater than that seen with epithelial cells in contact with T cells and peptide on the apical surface (upright). In contrast, whereas freshly isolated epithelial cells process OVA, polarized epithelial cells did not. When epithelial cells grown upright on inserts were incubated with T cells and OVA(323-339) peptide, coculture with either hepatocyte growth factor or conditioned stromal medium increased epithelial cell Ag presentation (approximately 90% higher than controls). These studies indicate that uterine stromal cells produce a soluble factor(s) in addition to a hepatocyte growth factor, which regulates epithelial cell Ag presentation. Overall, these results demonstrate that polarized epithelial cells are able to present Ags and suggest that uterine stromal cells communicate with epithelial cells via a soluble factor(s) to regulate Ag presentation in the uterus.
Needle Track Implantation of a Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma after Traumatic Aspiration: A Case Report (2003)

The world wide application of fine needle biopsy to evaluate thyroid nodules began in 1930. Tumor seeding along the needle tract is a rare complication of fine needle biopsy for thyroid cancer. Block et al reported a subcutaneous implant of thyroid carcinoma in 1980. Hales and Hsu documented 1 case of needle tract implantation in 1990. We report another case of subcutaneous implantation of papillary thyroid carcinoma after traumatic fine needle biopsy.
Neural-network-based self-tuning PI controller for precise motion control of PMAC motors (2001)

In general, proportional plus integral (PI) controllers used in computer numerically controlled machines possess fixed gain. They may perform well under some operating conditions, but not all. To increase the robustness of fixed-gain PI controllers, we propose a new neural-network-based self-tuning PI control system. In this new approach, a well-trained neural network supplies the PI controller with suitable gain according to each operating condition pair (torque, angular velocity, and position error) detected. To demonstrate the advantages of our proposed neural-network-based self-tuning PI control technique, both computer simulations and experiments were executed in this research. During the computer simulation, the direct experiment method was adopted to better model the problem of hysteresis in the AC servo motor. In real experiments, a PC-based controller was used to carry out the control tasks. Results of both computer simulations and experiments show that the newly developed dynamic PI approach outperforms the fixed PI scheme in rise time, precise positioning, and robustness.
Facile Transfer-Reduction of Nitroarenes to<i>N</i>Arylhydroxylamines with Hydrazine in the Presence of Raney Nickel (1984)

Les N-arylhydroxylamines obtenues sont peu stables et sont facilement convertibles en les acides N-aryl benzohydroxamiques
Nitrate Esters of 2,2-Dimethylol-1-propanol Monoacetate and Diacetate<sup>1</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNitrate Esters of 2,2-Dimethylol-1-propanol Monoacetate and Diacetate1N. S. Marans and R. F. PreckelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 12, 3223–3224Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01641a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01641a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views112Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Involvement of Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Onset and Effector Phases of Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis (2002)

Inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration are pathological features of multiple sclerosis (MS). In the brains of MS patients, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) mRNA and protein are upregulated, and changes in the levels of tPA correlate with progression of the disease. However, the role of tPA in MS is as yet unknown. tPA functions in the CNS in neuronal plasticity and cell death. tPA also mediates the activation of microglia, the CNS "immune cells." In this study, we establish that tPA activity increases during major oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in normal mice. To explore the role of tPA in this disease as a model for MS, we have examined the EAE course and expression of histopathological markers in mice lacking tPA (tPA(-/-)). We find that tPA(-/-) mice have a delayed onset of EAE but then exhibit increased severity and delayed recovery from the neurological dysfunction. Demyelination and axon degeneration are delayed, microglial activation is attenuated, and the production of chemokines is decreased. Our results suggest that tPA and activated microglia have complex roles in MS/EAE, and that these roles are harmful during the onset of the disease but beneficial in the recovery phase. A temporally restricted attenuation of tPA activity could have therapeutic potential in the management of MS.