gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct Electrochemistry of Cytochrome c at a Metallothioneins Self-Assembled Gold Electrode (2001)

Horse heart cytochrome c was studied by cyclic voltammetry using a gold electrode self-assembled with the metallothioneins monolayer (MT/Au) as working electrode. A pair of well-defined redox waves was obtained as the MT SAM-modified gold electrode in a cytochrome c aqueous solution. The calculated standard rate constant (ks) is 2.43×10−3 cm s−1. The electrode reaction is a pseudo-reversible process. The peak current and the concentration of cytochrome c have a linear relationship in the range of 2.0×10−5 mol L−1 to 4.0×10−4 mol L−1. The detection limit is 2.0×10−5 mol L−1. The surface roughness factor of the Au electrode is 2.59. The MT SAM was characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS).
Exon Skipping Induced by Cold Stress in a Potato Invertase Gene Transcript (1996)

We show that two invertase genes in potato, like most other plant invertase genes, include a very short second exon of 9 bp which encodes the central three amino acids of a motif highly conserved in invertases of diverse origin. This mini-exon is one of the smallest known in plants and pre-mRNA from these genes may be susceptible to alternative splicing, because of a potential requirement for specialized interaction with the splicing machinery to ensure correct processing for the production of a mature mRNA. No evidence of aberrant post-transcriptional processing was observed during normal invertase gene expression in potato. The fidelity of post-transcriptional processing of the pre-mRNA from one of the genes was perturbed by cold stress, resulting in the deletion of the mini-exon from some transcripts. This alternative splicing event occurred under cold stress in both leaf and stem, but was not induced by wounding. This adds an example of exon skipping and the induction of alternative processing by cold stress to the small number of transcripts which have been shown to exhibit alternative splicing in plants. The differential sensitivity of post-transcriptional processing to cold stress observed for the two transcripts examined will permit further dissection of the nucleotide sequence requirements for their accurate splicing.
Scan2Avatar: Automatic Rigging for 3D Raw Human Scans (2020)

A powerful rigging pipeline is proposed to automatically rig the raw scans of human model with 1) fitting a Rigged Parametric Body Model (RPBM) to the scan with a novel and effective energy formulation, 2) cutting the scan to break self-occlusions automatically, 3) inpainting the geometry and texture in UV parametric space to create a complete avatar and 4) transferring the rigging information from the RPBM to the avatar. To further improve the fitting result, Semantic Deformation Component (SDC) is generated and utilized to replace the original shape blendshapes of the RPBM in the fitting stage, which can also be used for body reshaping. Our method is highly effective and robust in rigging the raw human scan models.
Oligonucleotide‐Templated Self‐Assembly of Nucleotide Bolaamphiphiles: DNA‐Like Nanofibers Edged by a Double‐Helical Arrangement of A–T Base Pairs (2003)

A stack with a twist is formed when a thymidine bolaamphiphile (green rod with red ends in the scheme) is allowed to interact with strands of oligoadenylic acid (purple chain with yellow pentagons) in aqueous solution. Complementary A–T hydrogen bonding leads to nanofibers having a DNA-like double helix.
Effect of Doxorubicin Plus Olaratumab vs Doxorubicin Plus Placebo on Survival in Patients With Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcomas (2020)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02451943.
Purification, Characterization and Substrate Specificities of Xylanase Isoenzymes from<i>Melanocarpus albomyces</i>IIS 68 (2000)

The ascomycetous fungus Melanocarpus albomyces when grown on wheat straw produced seven extracellular xylanase isoenzymes, designated as la, Ib, Ic, IIa, lib, llc, and lId. All seven xylanases were purified to homogeneity by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. The molecular mass (kDa) of la, lb, Ic, Ila, lIb, lIc, and lId were estimated to be 22.9, 20.7, 18.6, 31.3, 25.4, 38.5, and 34.3, respectively by SDS-PAGE, and 23.7, 20.5, 17.1, 31.7, 25.1, 39.8, and 32.2, respectively by gel filtration. The isoelectric points of Ia, lb, Ic, Ila and IIb were found to be 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 3.7, and 4.4, respectively. The activity of the isoenzymes was dependent on the type of the xylan substrates; Xylanases Ia, lb, and Ic showed highest specific activity toward larchwood xylan (an arabinoglucuronoxylan), IIa and Ilc toward birchwood xylan (a glucuronoxylan), and llb and IId toward beechwood xylan (a glucuronoxylan). Four isoenzymes la, lb, Ic, and Ila had an arabinose-releasing property on larchwood xylan. Application of specific isoenzymes as prebleaching agents in paper manufacture is proposed.
Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of Pitavastatin Into Lungs Ameliorates the Development and Induces Regression of Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Artery Hypertension (2011)

Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is an intractable disease of the small PAs in which multiple pathogenic factors are involved. Statins are known to mitigate endothelial injury and inhibit vascular remodeling and inflammation, all of which play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of PAH. We tested the hypothesis that nanoparticle (NP)-mediated delivery of pitavastatin into the lungs can be a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of PAH. Among the marketed statins, pitavastatin was found to have the most potent effects on proliferation of PA smooth muscle cells in vitro. We formulated pitavastatin-NP and found that pitavastatin-NP was more effective than pitavastatin alone in inhibiting cellular proliferation and inflammation in vitro. In a rat model of monocrotaline-induced PAH, a single intratracheal instillation of NP resulted in the delivery of NP into alveolar macrophages and small PAs for up to 14 days after instillation. Intratracheal treatment with pitavastatin-NP, but not with pitavastatin, attenuated the development of PAH and was associated with a reduction of inflammation and PA remodeling. NP-mediated pitavastatin delivery was more effective than systemic administration of pitavastatin in attenuating the development of PAH. Importantly, treatment with pitavastatin-NP 3 weeks after monocrotaline injection induced regression of PAH and improved survival rate. This mode of NP-mediated pitavastatin delivery into the lungs is effective in attenuating the development of PAH and inducing regression of established PAH, suggesting potential clinical significance for developing a new treatment for PAH.
Learning Image Embeddings using Convolutional Neural Networks for Improved Multi-Modal Semantics (2014)

We construct multi-modal concept representations by concatenating a skip-gram linguistic representation vector with a visual concept representation vector computed using the feature extraction layers of a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) trained on a large labeled object recognition dataset. This transfer learning approach brings a clear performance gain over features based on the traditional bag-of-visual-word approach. Experimental results are reported on the WordSim353 and MEN semantic relatedness evaluation tasks. We use visual features computed using either ImageNet or ESP Game images.
Enzyme‐analogue built polymers, 22. Influence of the nature of the crosslinking agent on the performance of imprinted polymers in racemic resolution (1987)

Abstract The effect of the nature of the crosslinking agents in template‐imprinted polymers on the selectivity during racemic resolution was investigated. Ethylene dimethacrylate was found to be the best crosslinking agent. The highest selectivity was achieved with polymers which have been prepared with 70‐95% crosslinking agent in the monomeric mixture. A new optically active crosslinking agent, 1,4;3,6‐dianhydro‐D‐sorbitol 2,5‐dimethacrylate, was synthesized and was used for the preparation of template‐imprinted polymers. Interpenetrating networks consisting of two different crosslinking systems did not bring about any significant improvement in selectivity for racemic resolution. A strong temperature effect for racemic resolution was observed; an ethylene dimethacrylate‐crosslinked, template‐imprinted polymer showed an optimum selectivity at 75°C with a ratio of distribution coefficients of the D‐ and L‐isomers of α = 4,56 for the separation of the racemate of the template.
Life‐table analysis of artificial insemination pregnancy rates for couples with male factor and idiopathic infertility (2004)

<b><i>Background</i>: </b> In the summer of 2002, standard guidelines for the application of assisted reproductive technology were reported by a research group of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between the number of cycles of artificial insemination and the cumulative pregnancy rates according to the cause of infertility. <b><i>Methods</i>: </b> Patients who experienced their first cycle of artificial insemination during the period of January 1999-December 2002 were included in the study and were divided into a male factor infertility group and an idiopathic infertility group. Cumulative pregnancy rates resulting from artificial insemination with the husband's semen were calculated by the life-table approach. <b><i>Results</i>: </b> During the study period, 139 couples entered the assisted reproduction program and underwent 581 cycles. Significant differences were observed in cumulative pregnancy rates between the two groups. <b><i>Conclusion</i>: </b> It is recommended that couples with male factor infertility and who fail to conceive within six or seven cycles of intrauterine insemination, consider a modification of treatment strategy such as <i>in vitro</i> fertilization, because cumulative pregnancy rates of this group were reached at a plateau within six or seven cycles. In contrast, patients with idiopathic infertility, the cumulative pregnancy rates appeared to increase constantly with each subsequent cycle. It is important to consider modifications of treatment strategy in the light of the cause of infertility. (Reprod Med Biol 2004; <b>3</b>: 27-31).
Vanadium Modified LiFePO[sub 4] Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries (2008)

The structure and electrochemical behavior of vanadium-modified olivine was investigated. Vanadium was found to be incorporated into the olivine structure on the phosphorus site, not on the iron site, with the unit cell decreasing in size as the vanadium content increases. Material synthesized under reducing conditions with 5% vanadium gave materials with the best electrochemical performance. The rate capability of nanostructured was comparable to the best nanosized formed solvothermally while using less than the amount of carbon conductor. The vanadium does not appear to be electrochemically active within the voltage cycling window of .
Possible Role of Beta-Carotene in Improving Fertility in Dairy Cattle (1982)

Recent interest in beta-carotene has been stimulated by reports that reproductive performance in cattle was improved with dietary supplementation of beta-carotene even when the diet was supplemented with vitamin A. Vitamin A requirements for cattle are based on studies with beta-carotene as the vitamin A source and with studies with vitamin A in the ester or alcohol form. Most of the studies with cattle that demonstrate the need for vitamin A for optimum reproduction were when beta-carotene was the source of vitamin A. Recent German reports show an improvement in conception rate, intensity of estrus, and changes in luteinizing hormone patterns when cattle received beta-carotene supplementation of low carotene diets. These diets were supplemented with vitamin A. A similar study from Israel did not detect benefits of beta-carotene. The active form of vitamin A for reproduction in rats and other species has not been determined; however, vitamin A does meet the reproductive requirements. The ruminant animal does have differences in carotene metabolism from the rat. Before the role of beta-carotene for reproduction in cattle can be clarified, the specific function of carotene or the specific form of vitamin A for reproduction needs to be determined.
Enzymatic Characterization of Refolded Human Rhinovirus Type 14 2A Protease Expressed in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1998)

Reported here is the production of recombinant human rhinovirus 14 (HRV14) 2A protease from bacterial cells transformed with a heat-inducible plasmid containing the HRV14 2A cDNA sequence. Overexpressed 2A protein partitioned into the inclusion bodies was solubilized in urea and then refolded in the presence of Zn2+ Transition metals were required for the restoration of 2A protease activity as a structural component, but appeared to be inhibitory if added exogenously once the enzyme was refolded. Based on the cleavage specificity studies, a colorimetric assay was developed for the highly purified HRV14 2A protease. A peptide with the sequence RKGDIKSY-p-nitroanilide was found to be cleaved by the 2A protease with a k(cat)/Km ratio of approximately 335 M(-1)s(-1), which allows its activity to be measured continuously with a spectrophotometer or a microplate reader.
Time-Constrained Live VM Migration in Share-Nothing IaaS-Clouds (2014)

Both economic reasons and interoperation requirements necessitate the deployment of IaaS-clouds based on a share-nothing architecture. Here, live VM migration becomes a major impediment to achieving cloud-wide load balancing via selective and timely VM-migrations. Our approach is based on copying virtual disk images and keeping them synchronized during the VM migration operation. In this way, we ameliorate the limitations set by shared storage cloud designs as we place no constraints on the cloud's scalability and load-balancing capabilities. We propose a special-purpose file system, termed MigrateFS, that performs virtual disk replication within specified time-constraints while avoiding internal network congestion. Management of resource consumption during VM migration is supervised by a low-overhead and scalable distributed network of brokers. We show that our approach can reduce up to 24% the stress of already saturated physical network links during load balancing operations.
Potential anticancer agents. XX. 1. Steric fit analysis in aromatic nitrogen mustards area. (1980)

A series of 31 aromatic nitrogen mustards was treated by means of the Minimal Tropological Difference (MTD)-receptor site mapping procedure by respect to toxicity (LD50) and efficacy (TGI%) against Jensen sarcoma. The correlation equations obtained for the two cases are: (Formula: see text), The low correlation coefficients indicate a not too high dependence upon steric factors of TGI% and LD50. However these results suggested that: a) the ortho-substitution represents a favorable event for both toxicity and antitumor effectiveness (j = 1 and 18 being good vertices in both corresponding hypermolecules), b) despite this effect, the steric features involved in these two biologic parameters seems to be different.
On-line sketch recognition for course of action diagrams (2010)

In this paper, we present a robust method of sketch recognition for course of action (COA) diagrams. User input is through free-hand sketching. COA symbols are recognized incrementally and the informal sketching input is replaced with formal vector graphs or images of the symbols. Multi-stroke COA symbols are divided into temporally continuous uni-stroke shapes. Firstly, it removes over-crossed end part of the uni-stroke shapes. Then, it extracts invariant geometric features of convex hull, largest-area inscribed and smallest-area enclosing polygons, perimeter and area ratios, and distinctive features of the concave and the open ended. Thirdly, the uni-stroke shapes are recognized by support vector machines (SVM). Fourthly, an intermediate feature recognizer is used to recognize shapes of intermediate complexity such as a dashed line, which improves sketch recognition performance in the COA domain. Finally, the system uses the LADDER shape definition language to represent the geometric properties of shapes, and is capable of recognizing common COA symbols of multi-stroke sketches and gesture commands with a recognition accuracy of more than 98%.
A branch selection multi-symbol high throughput CABAC decoder architecture for H.264/AVC (2009)

Context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) is a crucial part in H.264/AVC which provides a great compression gain. However, the throughput of CABAC decoder is limited due to the data dependency of decoding algorithm. This paper presents a branch selection hardware architecture which employs the two-symbol parallel decoder by providing all possible choices and then selecting the true one. The proposed CABAC decoder hardware architecture can decode 1.95~1.98 bins per cycle. It is implemented by UMC 90 nm technology with 82 k gate counts at 222 MHz. The maximum throughput is 410 Mbins/sec which is sufficient for decoding video sequence at Level 5.0.
Magnetic properties of Mn–Al system alloys produced by mechanical alloying (2003)

Mechanical alloying of Mn-Al and Mn-Al-C powder mixtures resulted in the formation of α-Mn solid solution. Heat treatment of these mechanically alloyed powders resulted in the formation of the metastable τ phase. The mechanically alloyed powders annealed at relatively low temperatures (500–700 °C) showed small saturation magnetization of less than 1 emu/g in both Mn–Al and Mn–Al–C powders. On the other hand, the Mn–Al powders showed saturation magnetization of 8 emu/g and their Mn–Al–C counterparts exhibited large saturation magnetization of more than 20 emu/g when annealed at relatively high temperature (800–1100 °C). Although the annealed Mn–Al powders showed small coercivity, the Mn–Al–C powders exhibited large coercivity, up to 3.3 kOe, after selected heat treatment.
Synthesis of heteroaromatic carboxylic acids by carbonylation of hetaryl halides with catalysts based on cobalt carbonyl modified with epoxides (2007)

A new method for the synthesis of heteroaromatic acids and their derivatives (esters and salts) by carbonylation of the corresponding halides was developed. Hetaryl halides were activated in alcoholic-alkali medium by highly active catalytic systems based on cobalt carbonyl modified with epoxides, developed previously for carbonylation of aryl halides.
Effect of oral CCK-1 agonist GI181771X on fasting and postprandial gastric functions in healthy volunteers (2004)

CCK influences satiation and gastric and gallbladder emptying. GI181771X is a novel oral CCK-1 agonist; its effects on gastric emptying of solids, accommodation, and postprandial symptoms are unclear. Effects of four dose levels of the oral CCK-1 agonist GI181771X and placebo on gastric functions and postprandial symptoms were compared in 61 healthy men and women in a randomized, gender-stratified, double-blind, double-dummy placebo-controlled, parallel group study. Effects of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.5 mg of oral solution and a 5.0-mg tablet of GI181771X on gastric emptying of solids by scintigraphy, gastric volume by (99m)Tc-single photon emission computed tomographic imaging, maximum tolerated volume of Ensure, and postprandial nausea, bloating, fullness, and pain were studied. On each of 3 study days, participants received their randomly assigned treatment. Adverse effects and safety were monitored. There were overall group effects of GI181771X on gastric emptying (P < 0.01) and fasting and postprandial volumes (P = 0.036 and 0.015, respectively). The 1.5-mg oral solution of GI181771X significantly delayed gastric emptying of solids (P < 0.01) and increased fasting (P = 0.035) gastric volumes without altering postprandial (P = 0.056) gastric volumes or postprandial symptoms relative to placebo. The effect of the 5.0-mg tablet on gastric emptying of solids did not reach significance (P = 0.052). Pharmacokinetic profiles showed the highest area under the curve over 4 h for the 1.5-mg solution and a similar area under the curve for the 0.5-mg solution and 5-mg tablet. Adverse effects were predominantly gastrointestinal and occurred in a minority of participants. GI181771X delays gastric emptying of solids and exhibits an acceptable safety profile in healthy participants. CCK-1 receptors can be modulated to increase fasting gastric volume.
Homogeneous catalysts for carbon dioxide/hydrogen activation. Alkyl formate production using anionic ruthenium carbonyl clusters as catalysts (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHomogeneous catalysts for carbon dioxide/hydrogen activation. Alkyl formate production using anionic ruthenium carbonyl clusters as catalystsDonald J. Darensbourg, Cesar Ovalles, and Magdalena PalaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 18, 5937–5939Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00356a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00356a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views453Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Role of Melanin-Concentrating Hormone and Its Receptors in Energy Homeostasis (2013)

Extensive studies in rodents with melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) have demonstrated that the neuropeptide hormone is a potent orexigen. Acutely, MCH causes an increase in food intake, while chronically it leads to increased weight gain, primarily as an increase in fat mass. Multiple knockout mice models have confirmed the importance of MCH in modulating energy homeostasis. Animals lacking MCH, MCH-containing neurons, or the MCH receptor all are resistant to diet-induced obesity. These genetic and pharmacologic studies have prompted a large effort to identify potent and selective MCH receptor antagonists, initially as tool compounds to probe pharmacology in models of obesity, with an ultimate goal to identify novel anti-obesity drugs. In animal models, MCH antagonists have consistently shown efficacy in reducing food intake acutely and inhibiting body-weight gain when given chronically. Five compounds have proceeded into clinical testing. Although they were reported as well-tolerated, none has advanced to long-term efficacy and safety studies.