gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
eIF4A Inhibition Allows Translational Regulation of mRNAs Encoding Proteins Involved in Alzheimer's Disease (2010)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia in our increasingly aging population. The debilitating cognitive and behavioral symptoms characteristic of AD make it an extremely distressing illness for patients and carers. Although drugs have been developed to treat AD symptoms and to slow disease progression, there is currently no cure. The incidence of AD is predicted to increase to over one hundred million by 2050, placing a heavy burden on communities and economies, and making the development of effective therapies an urgent priority. Two proteins are thought to have major contributory roles in AD: the microtubule associated protein tau, also known as MAPT; and the amyloid-beta peptide (A-beta), a cleavage product of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Oxidative stress is also implicated in AD pathology from an early stage. By targeting eIF4A, an RNA helicase involved in translation initiation, the synthesis of APP and tau, but not neuroprotective proteins, can be simultaneously and specifically reduced, representing a novel avenue for AD intervention. We also show that protection from oxidative stress is increased upon eIF4A inhibition. We demonstrate that the reduction of these proteins is not due to changes in mRNA levels or increased protein degradation, but is a consequence of translational repression conferred by inhibition of the helicase activity of eIF4A. Inhibition of eIF4A selectively and simultaneously modulates the synthesis of proteins involved in Alzheimer's disease: reducing A-beta and tau synthesis, while increasing proteins predicted to be neuroprotective.
Induction of fibroblast gelatinase B expression by direct contact with cell lines derived from primary tumor but not from metastases. (1996)

During cancer progression, tumor cells interact with stromal cells. As a consequence, matrix metalloproteinases are produced that contribute to the degradation of the extracellular matrix. This study used coculture systems to investigate fibroblast interaction with three colon cancer cell lines isolated from a single patient. Cells from primary colorectal carcinoma, but not from corresponding liver or lymph node metastases, induced gelatinase B expression by fibroblasts of different tissue origin. Remarkably, direct cell-cell contact was required for this induction, which occurred at the pretranslational level (as revealed by Northern blot analysis) and was completely blocked by anti-beta1 integrin monoclonal antibody, but only partially blocked by anti-alpha5 or anti-alpha(v). Induction was also inhibited by cytochalasin D, staurosporine, or dexamethasone, suggesting the need, respectively, for an organized actin cytoskeleton, protein kinase C, and AP-1-driven gene transcription. Our data suggest that direct tumor-stromal cell contact is one inductive event involved in matrix metalloproteinase expression by stromal cells.
A 500MHz Low Phase-Noise A1N-on-Silicon Reference Oscillator (2007)

This paper presents a 496 MHz low phase-noise reference oscillator using a high-Q lateral-mode AlN-on-Si micromechanical resonator that does not require DC voltage for operation. The sustaining amplifier consists of an inductorless high-gain CMOS transimpedance amplifier (TIA) that is optimized for low phase-noise. The resonator is designed to have a high quality factor in air (Q-3800) with low motional impedance. The measured phase-noise at 1 kHz offset is -92 dBc/Hz with phase-noise floor below -147 dBc/Hz (exceeding GSM phase-noise requirement by 2 dB and 28 dB, respectively).
Vaccination with a Nogo-A-derived peptide after incomplete spinal-cord injury promotes recovery via a T-cell-mediated neuroprotective response: Comparison with other myelin antigens (2001)

The myelin-associated protein Nogo-A has received more research attention than any other inhibitor of axonal regeneration in the injured central nervous system (CNS). Circumvention of its inhibitory effect, by using antibodies specific to Nogo-A, has been shown to promote axonal regrowth. Studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that active or passive immunization of CNS-injured rats or mice with myelin-associated peptides induces a T-cell-mediated protective autoimmune response, which promotes recovery by reducing posttraumatic degeneration. Here, we show that neuronal degeneration after incomplete spinal-cord contusion in rats was substantially reduced, and hence recovery was significantly promoted, by posttraumatic immunization with p472, a peptide derived from Nogo-A. The observed effect seemed to be mediated by T cells and could be reproduced by passive transfer of a T cell line directed against the Nogo-A peptide. Thus, it seems that after incomplete spinal-cord injury, immunization with a variety of myelin-associated peptides, including those derived from Nogo-A, can be used to evoke a T cell-mediated response that promotes recovery. The choice of peptide(s) for clinical treatment of spinal-cord injuries should be based on safety considerations; in particular, the likelihood that the chosen peptide will not cause an autoimmune disease or interfere with essential functions of this peptide or other proteins. From a therapeutic point of view, the fact that the active cellular agents are T cells rather than antibodies is an advantage, as T cell production commences within the time window required for a protective effect after spinal-cord injury, whereas antibody production takes longer.
Automated Testing of FlexRay Clusters for System Inconsistencies in Automotive Networks (2008)

Most innovations in the automotive domain are nowadays enabled by networked embedded systems. In this context a new communication subsystem termed FlexRay was recently introduced. Relying on the time-triggered paradigm it promises to provide the bandwidth and reliability required for future applications. For building reliable systems with FlexRay, verification and testing are of utmost importance. In this paper a new system test approach that focuses on the communication subsystem is presented. With the help of a dedicated FPGA-based star-coupler we show that inconsistent system states (slightly-off- specification failures) can occur in real life systems, how they can be found using our solution and how one can avoid them.
Further Encounters with Clear Air Turbulence In Research Aircraft (1980)

A series of aircraft penetrations into clear air turbulence zones within upper level fronts is presented. Heat and momentum diffusivities am estimated with a view toward obtaining more realistic parameterizations for numerical models. Two passes through severe turbulence are discussed in detail.
Influence of IFN-gamma and its receptors in human breast cancer (2007)

We conclude that the decrease in the % positive samples that expressed IFNgamma and IFNgamma-Ralpha together with the nuclear localization of IFNgamma-Rbeta, could be a tumoral cell response, although perhaps insufficient to inhibit the uncontrolled cell proliferation. Perhaps, IFNgamma might be unable to activate p21 to stop the cell cycle, suggesting a possible participation in breast cancer development.
Tyre print identification through registration techniques and attribute graphs (2013)

Tire tread classification problem is primarily of use in two areas. First and foremost, forensics. It could come of great use in a case involving motor vehicles to be able to at least determine what kind of tire has been in a crime scene, and subsequent analysis of the possible vehicles wearing that same tire. Secondly, it could also be used by tire manufacturers to prevent copyright infringement of a tire tread pattern.
We want to think that given a proper use, this technique could be of help to forensic labs around the globe, and perhaps, on some extent, it could also be used on other fields of image recognition.Real world applications are always the highest motivation you can get. Being my first research paper I felt that focusing on a concrete and concise goal was of real help.
We looked for a way to provide the user to identify a tire model, given a partial tire tread image from the ground. At least we need a way to guide him along and choose a few of the extensive database with probable solutions to the tire tread he is looking for and not having them to look for in a three hundred or more tire tread images.
The concept of a partial tire tread image, is the key to this work, and what it makes it unique amongst other systems. Most existing systems work with a complete tire tread, but in most cases, all you can get is a small part of the complete tread. This is why we focused on proposing a solution able to work with just a part of it.
On the other hand this also was also one of the major pitfalls we encountered. Not having the complete information of what we are looking for made all the existing research on tire tread matching unusable, leading us to start from the ground-up.
We are looking for tire tread recognition in its full extent. We believe that any step we take to our final goal is welcome. Given that the user should be supervising the software already he could also be the one deciding which option is the best, given a current result presented in a correct fashion for him to do so. An exact matching would definitely be great but, as in most cases on computer vision field, this is nearly impossible.
Efficiency Improvement for Alamouti Codes (2006)

In this paper, an approach to improve the code efficiency of Alamouti codes is proposed for high data rate communications over multiple-antenna channels. Unlike most of the existing methods which are designed to achieve full-rate and/or full-diversity, we aim at increasing the spectral efficiency. The proposed scheme carries more information bits in each transmission block than the Alamouti code does and still allows maximum likelihood decoding for sub-streams to be decoupled at the receiver. Simulation results also indicate that the full transmit diversity is retained with the improvement of code efficiency. Although the case of two transmit antennas is the main focus of this paper, the same idea can be directly applied to Alamouti codes with more than two transmit antennas.
Analysis of the Developmental Potential of Conditionally Immortal Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells Isolated from the H-2K<sup>b</sup>-tsA58 Transgenic Mouse (1996)

All nucleated cells from the adult transgenic mouse H-2Kb-tsA58 harbor the temperature-sensitive mutant gene for SV40 large T-antigen. Bone marrow cells from this transgenic mouse were isolated, expanded and cloned in vitro under conditions permissive to the expression of stable T-antigen. Clones of marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells were tested in vitro and in vivo for their capacity to differentiate into mature mesenchymal phenotypes of bone, cartilage, muscle, adipose, and hematopoietic support cells (termed "stromacytes"). Mono-, bi-, and tri-potential clones were identified that were able to differentiate into bone, adipose and stromacyte phenotypes. A mixed population of cells showed some chondrocytic potential in vivo, however, no evidence of cartilage matrix production was detected in vitro for any of the immortomouse clones. These results support the hypothesis that marrow contains multiple progenitor cells that are part of a mesenchymal lineage.
Improving Action Localization by Progressive Cross-Stream Cooperation (2019)

Spatio-temporal action localization consists of three levels of tasks: spatial localization, action classification, and temporal segmentation. In this work, we propose a new Progressive Cross-stream Cooperation (PCSC) framework to iterative improve action localization results and generate better bounding boxes for one stream (i.e., Flow/RGB) by leveraging both region proposals and features from another stream (i.e., RGB/Flow) in an iterative fashion. Specifically, we first generate a larger set of region proposals by combining the latest region proposals from both streams, from which we can readily obtain a larger set of labelled training samples to help learn better action detection models. Second, we also propose a new message passing approach to pass information from one stream to another stream in order to learn better representations, which also leads to better action detection models. As a result, our iterative framework progressively improves action localization results at the frame level. To improve action localization results at the video level, we additionally propose a new strategy to train class-specific actionness detectors for better temporal segmentation, which can be readily learnt by using the training samples around temporal boundaries. Comprehensive experiments on two benchmark datasets UCF-101-24 and J-HMDB demonstrate the effectiveness of our newly proposed approaches for spatio-temporal action localization in realistic scenarios.
Quality control of spirometry in children: Can ERS/ATS criteria replace visual inspection? (2011)

Expert's visual rating is an integral part of quality control for spirometry but is not always done. In our multi-centre reference study (LuNoKiD) we investigated whether quality criteria based on back-extrapolated-volume (BeV), reproducibility and forced-expiratory-time (FET) are feasible and can replace visual inspection. Caucasian children 4 to 18 years old were recruited. Spirometry was carried out according to international standards under field conditions. Experts rated visual acceptability of each curve (9 per individual). We tested feasibility, sensitivity and specificity of the currently recommended quality control criteria, and determined optimal cut-offs and combinations of the three computer-based quality measures using visual acceptability as gold standard. A total of 3133 of 5104 investigated subjects were healthy and included. 72% of these had visually acceptable flow-volume curves. In this group, 95% met ATS/ERS recommendations for BeV, 90% for reproducibility and 47% for FET. Best correspondence with visual acceptability was reached when choosing the cut-offs 4.6% for BeV (in percent FVC) and 1.8 sec for FET. The best combination of the three measures showed good overall concordance with visual acceptability but still a specificity of 56% only. Our study supports the hypothesis that - in contrast to BeV and reproducibility - ATS/ERS-recommended cut-offs for FET are not feasible under field conditions. The low specificity of the optimal combination of the three quality measures further demonstrates that these cannot replace visual control.
Production of anti-Helicobacter pylori urease-specific immunoglobulin in egg yolk using an antigenic epitope of H. pylori urease (2003)

The potential therapeutic effects of Helicobacter pylori-specific immunoglobulin (IgY-Hp) derived from egg yolk and identification of the immunodominant H. pylori proteins have previously been reported. In this study, the urease epitope that is recognized by IgY-Hp was identified and used as an immunogen to produce urease-specific IgY (IgY-HpU). Epitope regions were mapped and peptides of selected epitope regions were synthesized. The IgY-Hp titre against synthetic peptides was evaluated using ELISA analysis. Hens were immunized with synthetic peptides conjugated with BSA. Urease activity was quantified by measuring the optical density of an indicator dye. Of the five synthetic peptides assayed, a peptide representing 15 amino acid residues of UreB (UB-3; aa 396-410, DNDNFRIKRYLSKYT) was specifically recognized by the IgY-Hp. Immunization of hens with BSA-conjugated UB-3 resulted in the generation of IgY-HpU. IgY-HpU markedly reduced H. pylori urease activity by 80 % as compared to control IgY (IgY-BSA). The availability of the synthetic UreB-derived peptide enabled the production of highly specific anti-urease IgY, which had a significant inhibitory effect on H. pylori urease activity. Therefore, specific IgY-HpU produced using the synthetic peptide may be an effective tool against infection by H. pylori.
RTP Payload Format for the Enhanced Variable Rate Wideband Codec (EVRC-WB) and the Media Subtype Updates for EVRC-B Codec (2008)

This document specifies real-time transport protocol (RTP) payload
formats to be used for the EVRC wideband codec (EVRC-WB) and updates
the media type registrations for EVRC-B codec. Several media type
registrations are included for EVRC-WB RTP payload formats. In
addition, a file format is specified for transport of EVRC-WB speech
data in storage mode applications such as e-mail.
Dominant color extraction based color correction for multi-view images (2007)

Color information is very important in setting the style of images. In this paper, a color correction method based on dominant color extraction is proposed to eliminate the color inconsistence between multi-view images. With the theory of basic color categories, dominant colors from the categories are extracted for reference image and input image, and then the corresponding color mapping relationships are built. Experimental results show that the proposed method is quite effective.
Anti-neutrophil elastase defense of the normal human respiratory epithelial surface provided by the secretory leukoprotease inhibitor. (1991)

Secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI), a 12-kD nonglycosylated serine antiprotease with a high capacity for inhibiting neutrophil elastase (NE), is produced by cells of mucosal surfaces including the human lung. The molar concentrations of SLPI in total respiratory tract epithelial lining fluid (ELF) were 56 +/- 10% that of alpha 1-antitrypsin, suggesting SLPI may be more important for the anti-NE protection of the pulmonary epithelial surface than previously thought. However, evaluation demonstrated that SLPI in respiratory ELF was only one-third functional. Studies aerosolizing recombinant SLPI (rSLPI) to sheep demonstrated that in the short term, neither aerosolization and alveolar deposition nor the lavage procedure inactivated the SLPI molecule. In vitro studies with rSLPI demonstrated that exposure to oxidants did not modify the form of the molecule, while exposure to oxidants and NE caused the molecule to be cleaved from 12 to 8 kD. Consistent with this, evaluation of SLPI in lavage fluid of individuals with cystic fibrosis (a condition with oxidants and NE on the respiratory epithelium) showed that the SLPI was degraded. However, evaluation of SLPI in normal ELF by molecular sieve analysis and Western analysis demonstrated an intact 12-kD molecule, suggesting that the partial inactivation of SLPI in normals in vivo is not because it is complexed to NE or exposed to oxidants + NE. Together, these observations demonstrate that SLPI is present in large amounts in respiratory ELF, but since the majority of the SLPI is inactive, it likely does not play a significant role in protecting the normal respiratory epithelium, except perhaps in the upper airways where the levels of SLPI are the highest.
One Pot Synthesis of Acridinylalkanoic Acids and Novel Bisacridines (1999)

Abstract The condensation reaction of diphenylamine with aliphatic dicarboxylic acids in presence of anhydrous zinc chloride gives rise to ω-(acridin-9-y1)alkan-α-oic acids and α,ω-bis(acridin-9-yl)alkanes, in moderate to high yields, under defined experimental conditions.
QUASI 3D REFINED SIMULATION OF FLOW AND POLLUTANT TRANSPORT IN THE YANGTZE RIVER (2014)

This paper reports a quasi 3D simulation in a curved river reach of The Yangtze River near The Huangshigang City, aiming to develop a numerical tool for modeling turbulent flows and pollutant transport in complex natural waters. The depth-averaged two-equation turbulence model, together with and models, were used to close quasi 3D hydrodynamic fundamental governing equations. The discretized equations were solved by advanced multi-grid iterative method under coarse and fine two-levels’ grids. The processes of plume development, caused by the side-discharge from a tributary, also have been investigated numerically. The used three turbulence models are suitable for modeling strong mixing turbulence. The model with higher order of magnitude of transported variable provides a possibility to increase the computational precision. Based on the developed hydrodynamic model, a CFD software, namely Q3drm1.0, was preliminarily developed. This tool focuses on the refined simulations of the steady and unsteady problems of flow and transports with the strong ability to treat different types of discharges.
Sodium Selenite-Induced Apoptosis in Murine B-Lymphoma Cells Is Associated with Inhibition of Protein Kinase C- , Nuclear Factor  B, and Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (2004)

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element possessing anticarcinogenic properties and other biological functions. This study determined the role sodium selenite plays on intracellular signaling, including protein kinase C (PKC), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB), and inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) in murine B lymphoma (A20) cells. In vitro supplementation of A20 cells with low concentrations of sodium selenite (0.005-5 microM) caused a significant increase in cellular proliferation exclusively at 72 h. Proliferation and cell viability were decreased in response to selenium concentrations of >/= 25 microM and >/= 5 microM at 72 and 96 h, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis of A20 cells exposed to 5 microM Se at 72 and 96 h indicated G(2)-M phase arrest and increased cell death at higher concentrations. Se-induced cytotoxicity was associated with apoptosis indicated by nuclear fragmentation and DNA laddering. Se concentrations, which induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, were associated with inhibition of cytosol to membrane translocation of PKCdelta and PKC activity at 72 h. Coincubation of cultures with 0.5 microM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and Se (5 and 25 microM) reversed the Se-induced cell death at 72 h. The nuclear NF-kappaB translocation and NF-kappaB DNA-binding were inhibited by increasing concentrations of Se (5 and 25 microM) at 72 h. After 72 h exposure to 5 and 25 microM Se, cIAP-2 concentration was decreased. Differential inhibition of PKCdelta, NF-kappaB, and cIAP-2 by Se may represent important intracellular signaling processes through which Se induces apoptosis and subsequently exerts its anticarcinogenic potential.
Strontianite composition and physical properties (1976)

Microprobe analyses indicate that strontianites from 12 localities lie essentially along the CaCOs-SrCO, join between Sro.r.sCa6.o2, and Sro ,urCao.r' with Ba and Pb present at the 2500-3600 ppm and the 100-600 ppm levels respectively. Lattice parameters vary regularly across the join , with d{srgiving the best indirect measurement of SrCOs content: mole percent SrCOa (40.95) : -2116.24 + 1162.84 (d,r, A). Densities range from 3.78 for SrCO' to 3.59 for Sro TusCao.2naCOs, with values in excess of 3.78 indicating that the Ba-Pb contents are present in more than trivial amounts. Abundant submicroscopic twinning precluded measure' ment of optical properties.
A hierarchical image authentication watermark with improved localization and security (2002)

Several fragile watermarking schemes presented in the literature are either vulnerable to vector quantization (VQ) counterfeiting attacks or sacrifice localization accuracy to improve security. Using a hierarchical structure, we propose a method that thwarts the VQ attack while sustaining the superior localization properties of blockwise independent watermarking methods. In particular, we propose dividing the image into blocks in a multi-level hierarchy and calculating block signatures in this hierarchy. While signatures of small blocks on the lowest level of the hierarchy ensure superior accuracy of tamper localization, higher level block signatures provide increasing resistance to VQ attacks. At the top level, a signature calculated using the whole image completely thwarts the counterfeiting attack. Moreover, "sliding window" searches through the hierarchy enable the verification of untampered regions after an image has been cropped.