gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Longus: a long pilus ultrastructure produced by human enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1994)

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causes an acute cholera-like diarrhoea in both humans and animals. We describe a new pilus termed longus produced by ETEC, which can extend for over 20 microns from the cell surface. Longus is composed of a repeating subunit of 22 kDa and its NH2-terminal amino acid sequence revealed homology with the toxin-coregulated pilus of Vibrio cholerae, the bundle-forming pilus of enteropathogenic E. coli and type IV pilins of some Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. The longus structural gene (lngA) is encoded in a large plasmid and was cloned in a 5 kb fragment, which proved to be sufficient for pilus production and assembly in E. coli K-12. The presence of lngA was restricted to human ETEC strains. In contrast to other ETEC pili, lngA was widely distributed among ETEC strains independent of their geographical origin, serotype, toxin production, or other pili antigens expressed. Longus is a new member of the type IV pili family, which may represent a highly conserved intestinal colonization factor of ETEC. Common antigenic determinants exist among longus and their pilin subunits, produced by heterologous ETEC. Longus could be significant in the immunoprophylaxis of diarrhoeal disease caused by ETEC, especially against those strains in which no colonization factors have been identified and that produce heat-stable toxin only.
Intrinsically Stretchable Biphasic (Solid–Liquid) Thin Metal Films (2016)

Stretchable biphasic conductors are formed by physical vapor deposition of gallium onto an alloying metal film. The properties of the photolithography-compatible thin metal films are highlighted by low sheet resistance (0.5 Ω sq(-1) ) and large stretchability (400%). This novel approach to deposit and pattern liquid metals enables extremely robust, multilayer and soft circuits, sensors, and actuators.
Old Agrarian Words (1965)

Journal Article Old Agrarian Words Get access J. E. J. J. E. J. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s3-VII, Issue 171, 8 April 1865, Pages 276–277, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s3-VII.171.276-d Published: 08 April 1965
Rapport II.8. (version française). Nouvelles formes de tours à tirage naturel pour accroître les performances des réfrigérants (1980)

Rühl H. Rapport II.8. (version française). Nouvelles formes de tours à tirage naturel pour accroître les performances des réfrigérants . In: Rejets de chaleur à l'atmosphère. Gestion des calories et hydraulique associée. Compte rendu des XVIes journées de l'hydraulique. Paris, 16-18 septembre 1980. Tome 1, 1980.
Dynamic Conditional Correlation - A Simple Class of Multivariate GARCH Models (2000)

Time varying correlations are often estimated with Multivariate Garch models that are linear in squares and cross products of returns. A new class of mult ivariate models called dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) models is proposed. These have the flexibility of univariate GARCH models coupled 1 with parsimonious parametric models for the correlations. They are not linear but can often be estimated very simply with univariate or two step methods based on the likelihood function. It is shown that they perform well in a variety of situations and give sensible empirical results. 1 This research has been supported by NSF grant SBR-9730062 and NBER. 2 I. INTRODUCTION The quest for reliable estimates of correlations between financial variables has been the motivation for countless academic articles, practitioner conferences and back room Wall Street research. These correlations are needed for derivative pricing, portfolio optimization, risk management and hedging. Simple methods such...
Design of a Compact Series-Connected AC Voltage Regulator With an Improved Control Algorithm (2004)

This letter presents an improved control algorithm for the compensation of ac source voltage fluctuation. The proposed idea can be used to regulate both the overvoltage and undervoltage situations with only unidirectional energy transmission. Theoretical analysis has been achieved based on the power flow theory. A case study is demonstrated by means of a prototype experiment to prove its performance and effectiveness.
Chip synchronization performance affected by non-ideal interpolation of bandlimited direct-sequence spread-spectrum signals (2002)

Deals with the chip synchronization performance of a fully digitally implemented receiver, operating on a direct-sequence spread-spectrum signal with bandlimited (instead of rectangular) chip pulses. The considered digital receiver operates on samples of the received noisy signal, taken by a fixed clock which is not synchronized to the transmitter clock. The synchronized samples needed for the chip synchronization algorithm are computed by interpolating between the available non-synchronized samples. Because of finite memory, interpolation is non-ideal; hence, some amount of distortion is introduced, which affects the performance of the chip synchronizer. By means of theoretical analysis, the authors investigate the tracking performance of a specific non-coherent early-late chip synchronizer, assuming interpolation of orders zero one and two. They show that non-ideal interpolation can give rise to a loop noise spectrum containing spectral lines, that mainly occur near f=0 when the sampling frequency is very close to an integer multiple of the chip rate. Unless a sufficiently small loop bandwidth is chosen, the contribution of these spectral lines could dominate the tracking error variance, which then becomes much larger than for synchronized sampling.
Observation of the multimeric forms of concanavalin A by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTObservation of the multimeric forms of concanavalin A by electrospray ionization mass spectrometryK. J. Light-Wahl, B. E. Winger, and R. D. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 13, 5869–5870Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00066a083RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views376Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (280 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Degradation of piezoelectric materials. (1999)

As part of the DTI programme on the development of test methods for characterisation of advanced materials, project CAM 7 Electroactive materials properties under conditions of high stress or stress rate, has the overall aim of defining and improving the measuring framework for electroactive materials which will enable them to be used with greater confidence by UK industry. This report describes the results of experiments that have been developed to characterise piezoelectric ceramic materials at high electrical and mechanical stresses. The change in dielectric and piezoelectric properties with time at exposure to such stresses is reported in this document. Additionally, the experimental measurement methods - although described in a previous report (NPL Report CMMT (A) 116) - are re-visited and discussed in terms of the results which have been produced.
Role of Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF)–Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) Interactions in Induction of Neurite Outgrowth and Identification of a Binding Site for NCAM in the Heel Region of GDNF (2009)

The formation of appropriate neuronal circuits is an essential part of nervous system development and relies heavily on the outgrowth of axons and dendrites and their guidance to their respective targets. This process is governed by a large array of molecules, including glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), the interaction of which induce neurite outgrowth. In the present study the requirements for NCAM-mediated GDNF-induced neurite outgrowth were investigated in cultures of hippocampal neurons, which do not express Ret. We demonstrate that NCAM-mediated GDNF-induced signaling leading to neurite outgrowth is more complex than previously reported. It not only involves NCAM-140 and the Src family kinase Fyn but also uses NCAM-180 and the fibroblast growth factor receptor. We find that induction of neurite outgrowth by GDNF via NCAM or by trans-homophilic NCAM interactions are not mutually exclusive. However, whereas NCAM-induced neurite outgrowth primarily is mediated by NCAM-180, we demonstrate that GDNF-induced neurite outgrowth involves both NCAM-140 and NCAM-180. We also find that GDNF-induced neurite outgrowth via NCAM differs from NCAM-induced neurite outgrowth by being independent of NCAM polysialylation. Additionally, we investigated the structural basis for GDNF-NCAM interactions and find that NCAM Ig3 is necessary for GDNF binding. Furthermore, we identify within the heel region of GDNF a binding site for NCAM and demonstrate that a peptide encompassing this sequence mimics the effects of GDNF with regard to NCAM binding, activation of intracellular signaling, and induction of neurite outgrowth.
On the performance of code block segmentation for LTE-advanced (2013)

In this paper we present a new approach to code block segmentation used on the 3GPP Standard LTE-Advanced channel coding physical layer. Code block segmentation is a generic procedure commonly applied before turbo encoding whose sole function is to fragment a large transport block into smaller code blocks, reducing memory requirements of the turbo code interleaver. The main result of this paper is a speedup of 80 times over the original procedure defined by the 3GPP Std. when implemented in a DSP architecture.
Doxycycline-induced ulceration mimicking esophageal cancer (2008)

The present case has been an uncommon presentation of doxycycline-induced extensive ulcerations, mimicking esophageal cancer in two esophageal segments, concomitantly. Even the lesions were biopsied to exclude esophageal carcinoma. A modification on the behavior of taking drugs can prevent these unpleasant complications.
Comparison of two techniques for transcervical cell sampling performed in the same study population (2005)

This study provides evidence that, among TCC sampling techniques, IUL, but not mucus collection, can yield fetal cells in a constant and reliable fashion, which is a basic prerequisite for possible clinical usage. This suggestion had already emerged from some previous investigations but, owing to the study design, differences in study populations can no longer be used to explain the very different and sometimes-conflicting results reported in earlier studies.
Social Engineering: Towards A Holistic Solution. (2010)

As most employees are information-workers nowadays, they are very vulnerable to various malicious attacks. However, some threat sources have realized that it is far easier to obtain wanted information directly from authorized users than using software or other means to obtain such information. This is generally referred to as Social Engineering. Therefore, organizations are at risk, because most information-workers are very vulnerable to socially malicious attacks. The objective of this paper is, therefore, to present guidance in the form of a flowchart which should give employees some guidance on how to act when faced with a potential Social Engineering attack. The flowchart was deduced from information gathered in an extensive literature survey. If followed correctly, it should reduce the risk related to Social Engineering significantly.
Homolytic aromatic substitution by heterocyclic free radicals. Part IV. Reaction of 5-substituted thiazol-2-yl radicals with alkylbenzenes (1973)

The relative rates and the partial rate factors of the homolytic thiazolylation of alkylbenzenes by the thiazol-2-yl radical substituted in the 5-position by methyl, bromo, and nitro groups are reported. The radicals were generated by the aprotic diazotization of the corresponding 2-aminothiazoles. The results show a very small substituent effect compared with that observed for substituted phenyl radicals.
A new class of medium-size high-efficiency reflector antennas (1974)

The new class of reflector antennas that is described in this communication yields a higher directive gain than obtained with conventional reflector antennas of the same area. An antenna of this new design consists of a reflecting surface, a peripheral rim, and a feed system in the reflector center. It is analyzed as a combination of two radiating sources whose radiation maxima and mutual phase relations can be simply adjusted for highest directive gain in the axis normal to the reflector. The marked directive gain increase is explained on the basis that there is a virtual extension of the radiating aperture beyond the physical dimensions of the reflector. The two antenna models that are described develop directive gains of almost 3 dB above those of conventional reflector antennas of equal size and comparable pattern characteristics. Optimized for a given frequency, the new design covers a pattern bandwidth of approximately 4:1.
Facilitation of plateau potentials in turtle motoneurones by a pathway dependent on calcium and calmodulin (2000)

1. The involvement of intracellular calcium and calmodulin in the modulation of plateau potentials in motoneurones was investigated using intracellular recordings from a spinal cord slice preparation. 2. Chelation of intracellular calcium with BAPTA-AM or inactivation of calmodulin with W-7 or trifluoperazine reduced the amplitude of depolarization-induced plateau potentials. Inactivation of calmodulin also inhibited facilitation of plateau potentials by activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors or muscarinic receptors. 3. In low-sodium medium and in the presence of tetraethylammonium and tetrodotoxin, calcium action potentials evoked by depolarization were followed by a short hyperpolarization ascribed to the calcium-activated non-selective cationic current (ICAN) and by a dihydropyridine-sensitive afterdepolarization. The amplitude of the afterdepolarization depended on the number of calcium spikes and was mediated by L-type calcium channels. 4. The dihydropyridine-sensitive afterdepolarization induced by calcium spikes was reduced by blockade of calmodulin. 5. It is proposed that plateau potentials in spinal motoneurones are facilitated by activation of a calcium-calmodulin-dependent pathway.
A novel recombinant tumor necrosis factor‐alpha mutant with increased anti‐tumor activity and lower toxicity (1991)

We prepared a novel recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) mutant (mutant 471), in which 7 N-terminal amino-acids were deleted and Pro8Ser9Asp10 was replaced by ArgLysArg, and compared its biological activity with that of wild-type recombinant TNF. Mutant 471 had a 7-fold higher anti-tumor activity against murine L-M cells in vitro, and a higher binding activity to TNF receptors on L-M cells, than wild-type TNF. Furthermore, mutant 471 showed a higher anti-tumor effect on murine Meth A-HM tumors transplanted into BALB/c mice, with complete regression of the tumors being observed in the animals. The possible cachectin activity of mutant 471 was almost the same as that of wild-type TNF. The acute lethal toxicity of mutant 471 in beta-D-galactosamine-sensitized C3H/HeJ mice was 18 times lower than that of wild-type TNF. These results suggest that mutant 471 might be a more promising anti-cancer agent than wild-type TNF.
Molecular cloning of five messenger RNAs differentially expressed in preneoplastic or neoplastic JB6 mouse epidermal cells: one is homologous to human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3. (1994)

To better understand the molecular mechanism of multistage carcinogenesis, we have attempted to identify putative oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes involved in preneoplastic-to-neoplastic progression of mouse epidermal JB6 variants. The JB6 variants consist of P- (promotion resistant), P+ (promotion sensitive), and Tx [transformed; both apoptosis-sensitive (A(s)) and apoptosis-resistant (Ar)] cells, representing progression from early to late stages of carcinogenesis. By using the newly developed differential mRNA display technique, we have isolated five clones from these JB6 variants. The isolated clones were uniquely expressed either in P-/P+ cells or in Tx (A(s)/Ar) cells or showed highly differential expression among the variants. The expression pattern shown by differential mRNA display was confirmed by Northern blot analysis. DNA sequencing followed by computer search against Genbank and EMBL DNA databases indicates that three clones are novel and two have high homology with recorded genes. One of the clones (C1.14), which detects expression in preneoplastic not neoplastic JB6 cells, was used as a probe for complementary DNA library screening. The corresponding gene, named sun for specifically unexpressed in neoplastic JB6 cells, was isolated and sequenced. The longest open reading frame of the sun clone predicts a peptide showing 96% amino acid sequence identity to the recorded sequence of human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3, one of a family of genes implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor invasion. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of the simultaneous display of mRNAs of four phenotypically distinct cell variants and of the isolation of five clones which may be associated with specific stages of tumor promotion and/or progression and apoptosis.
Conversion of Radiolabeled Human Growth Hormone into Higher Molecular Weight Moieties in Human Plasma<i>in Vivo</i>and<i>in Vitro</i> (1977)

Purified human growth hormone (hGH) was iodinated with 131I ([131I]iodo-hGH) and purified on Sephadex G-100. The monomeric [131I]iodo-hGH (mol wt about 20,000 daltons) was injected as a bolus iv in healthy volunteers and plasma obtained at 10,20, and 40 min. Then continuous infusion with [13II]- iodo-hGH was started and further plasma samples obtained after 120 min when a plateau of immunoreactive hGH (IR-hGH) had been attained. In one individual the bolus injection was followed further to 60 and 120 min. Fresh plasma was immediately chromatographed on Sephadex G-100 and the IR-hGH profiles evaluated. In all instances following iv injection, larger and occasionally smaller immunoreactive moieties than the injected [131I]iodo-hGH appeared. When [131I]iodo-hGH was incubated at 37 C with fresh human plasma from 4 different individuals from 10 to 120 min, the larger molecular weight forms, noted in the in vivo studies, were again demonstrable. Only the monomeric [13lI]iodo-hGH was found when [131I]iodo-hGH was incubated at 37 C for 120 min with human serum albumin or gamma globulin.
Allegheny Pittsburgh Coal v. Webster County: Are Proposition 13's Days Numbered? (1990)

A taxation system1 similar in practice to California's was ruled unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court in Allegheny Pittsburgh Coal Co. v. County Commission of Webster County, West Virginia. As a result of this decision, the future of Proposition 13, which has kept property taxes affordable for millions of Californians, is uncertain. This Comment will first. discuss Proposition 13 and the cases which have interpreted it. The Allegheny Court's decision will then be closely analyzed in an attempt to predict the outcome of a constitutional challenge to Proposition 13. Lastly, changes to Proposition 13 will be recommended that could equalize taxes for all property owners without destroying the tax protection sought by the voters when they enacted the initiative.
Surgery for tricuspid regurgitation late after mitral valve replacement. (1984)

Tricuspid valve insufficiency may contribute to a poor hemodynamic result after mitral valve replacement. To determine the role of surgical treatment, we have reviewed the records of 32 adult patients who underwent tricuspid valve repair or replacement 4 months to 14 years after mitral valve replacement. Mild tricuspid valve insufficiency at the time of mitral valve replacement was present in 21 patients (66%); 26 patients (81%) had New York Heart Association class IV disability. Tricuspid annuloplasty was performed in 16 patients, and the remainder received various prosthetic valves. Concomitant repair of mitral valve periprosthetic leak and/or replacement of the aortic valve was necessary in 18 patients (53%). Hospital mortality was 25%, and all early deaths were related to low cardiac output. Among hospital survivors there have been 14 late deaths for 3 and 5 year actuarial survival rates of 65% and 44%. Twelve of the 14 patients who died late and one of 10 patients who were alive at the end of the follow-up period had little or no functional improvement after tricuspid valve repair or replacement. The high early and late mortality and poor functional outcome for patients undergoing tricuspid valve surgery late after mitral valve replacement contrast with our good overall results in reoperation for prosthetic heart valves. It appears that serious tricuspid valve insufficiency after mitral valve replacement frequently signals right ventricular failure and dilatation; restoring valve competence is palliative. This experience encourages us to continue our policy of liberal indications for tricuspid valve annuloplasty at initial mitral valve replacement.
[Production of neutral beta-mannanase by Bacillus subtilis and its properties]. (1999)

Neutral beta-mannanase was produced by Bacillus subtilis BM9602 isolated from a soil. For this strain the neutral beta-mannanase was produced only when polysaccharides were used as a carbon source. Organic nitrogen source was superior to inorganic nitrogen source on the enzyme production. The optimum liquid medium consisted of 4% konjak powder, 1% each of beef peptone and yeast extract. The optimum culture conditions were initial pH 8.5, temperature 35 degrees C and cultivation time 36 h. Enzyme activity of culture filtrate to 0.5% galactomannan polysaccharide was 96 IU/mL per minute at pH 6.0 and 50 degrees C for 10 min. The optimum pH and temperature for enzyme action were 6.0 and 50 degrees C respectively. The enzyme was stable below 50 degrees C and pH 5.0-10.0. The enzyme hydrolyzed konjak powder and locust bean gum to form oligosaccharides.