gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved All-Silicon Microcantilever Heaters With Integrated Piezoresistive Sensing (2008)

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of improved all-silicon microcantilever heaters with integrated piezoresistive sensing. The fabricated microcantilever heaters with piezoresistors are made solely from single crystal silicon with selective doping. Detailed characterization was performed to test the devices' electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. The performance of and crosstalk between heater and piezoresistor elements were thoroughly tested. The resistive heater could reach temperatures of > 600degC, and its temperature coefficient of electrical resistance was (2.01 plusmn 0.04) times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> Omega/Omega ldr degC. When biased at 2 V in a Wheatstone bridge, the deflection sensitivity of the piezoresistor was (4.25 plusmn 0.05) times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> V/V ldr mum and remarkably, the heater circuit had a measurable deflection sensitivity of (7.9 plusmn 0.5) times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> V/V ldr mum. Both the piezoresistor and the resistive heater were interfaced with a commercial atomic force microscope system to measure their sensitivities during topography imaging. The sensitivity of the thermal reading was much greater than that of piezoresistive reading. Noise-limited resolution of thermal reading was better than 0.46 plusmn 0.03 nm/radicHz and piezoresistive reading was better than 3.4 plusmn 0.4 nm/radicHz. This is the first experimental comparison between thermal and piezoresistive topographic sensing, both of which can replace optical lever sensing. Four cantilevers in an array demonstrated parallel topographic sensing with both the heater and the piezoresistor.
Organosoluble Copper Clusters as Precatalysts for Carbon−Heteroelement Bond-Forming Reactions:  Microwave and Conventional Heating (2004)

The coupling of aryl iodides with alcohols under mild conditions has been explored using self-assembled octanuclear copper clusters as catalysts. Reactions involving tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol were typically complete in 4-8 h at 110 degrees C using an oil bath or 1-3 h with microwave heating. High yields of alkyl aryl ethers were obtained with catalyst loadings as low as 0.4 mol % cluster.
Private Topic Modeling (2016)

We develop a privatised stochastic variational inference method for Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). The iterative nature of stochastic variational inference presents challenges: multiple iterations are required to obtain accurate posterior distributions, yet each iteration increases the amount of noise that must be added to achieve a reasonable degree of privacy. We propose a practical algorithm that overcomes this challenge by combining: (1) an improved composition method for differential privacy, called the moments accountant, which provides a tight bound on the privacy cost of multiple variational inference iterations and thus significantly decreases the amount of additive noise; and (2) privacy amplification resulting from subsampling of large-scale data. Focusing on conjugate exponential family models, in our private variational inference, all the posterior distributions will be privatised by simply perturbing expected sufficient statistics. Using Wikipedia data, we illustrate the effectiveness of our algorithm for large-scale data.
Elastic Wave Dispersion in a Cylindrical Rod by a Wide-Band Short-Duration Pulse Technique (1957)

Dispersion of elastic waves in a cylindrical rod, determined experimentally by means of a wide-band short-duration pulse technique, compares well with theoretical curves of the classical theory. This method, compared to previous methods, extends to smaller values the range of the wavelength to diameter ratios which may be studied conveniently. One antisymmetric and two symmetric modes were studied. In addition, waves of a resonant nature associated with the ends of the rod were identified.
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Amplification of Interleukin-1β and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Production in THP-1 Human Monocytic Cells Stimulated with Lipopolysaccharide of Oral Microorganisms (1998)

ABSTRACT Cytokines, including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), are used to assist in bone marrow recovery during cancer chemotherapy. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) play important roles in inflammatory processes, including exacerbation of periodontal diseases, one of the most common complications in patients who undergo this therapy. A human monocyte cell line (THP-1) was utilized to investigate IL-1β and TNF-α production following GM-CSF supplementation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from two oral microorganisms, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum . LPS of P. gingivalis or F. nucleatum was prepared by a phenol-water extraction method and characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and determination of total protein and endotoxin contents. Resting THP-1 cells were treated with LPS of P. gingivalis or F. nucleatum and/or GM-CSF (50 IU/ml) by using different concentrations for various time periods. Production of IL-1β and TNF-α in THP-1 cells was measured by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was used to evaluate the gene expression of resting and treated THP-1 cells. IL-1β was not detected in untreated THP-1 cells. IL-1β production was, however, stimulated sharply at 4 h. GM-CSF amplified IL-1β production in THP-1 cells treated with LPS from both oral anaerobes. No IL-1β-specific mRNA transcript was detected in untreated THP-1 cells. However, IL-1β mRNA was detected by RT-PCR 2 h after stimulation of THP-1 cells with LPS from both organisms. GM-CSF did not shorten the IL-1β transcriptional activation time. GM-CSF plus F. nucleatum or P. gingivalis LPS activated THP-1 cells to produce a 1.6-fold increase in TNF-α production at 4 h over LPS stimulation alone. These investigations with the in vitro THP-1 model indicate that there may be an increase in the cellular immune response to oral endotoxin following GM-CSF therapy, as evidenced by production of the tissue-reactive cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α.
Catalyst Evaluation for the Simultaneous Reduction of Sulfur Dioxide and Nitric Oxide by Carbon Monoxide (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalyst Evaluation for the Simultaneous Reduction of Sulfur Dioxide and Nitric Oxide by Carbon MonoxideVernon N. Goetz, Ajay Sood, and J. R. KittrellCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1974, 13, 2, 110–114Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360050a005https://doi.org/10.1021/i360050a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Aesthetic facial contour augmentation with microlipofilling (2003)

With appropriate placement, facial contour augmentation with microlipofilling is a safe, simple, inexpensive aesthetic procedure that provides consistent, long-term aesthetic improvement.
Pravastatin effectively lowers LDL cholesterol in familial combined hyperlipidemia without changing LDL subclass pattern. (1994)

Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL) is the most common genetic lipid disorder among young survivors of myocardial infarction. Elevations of plasma total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and the prevalence of small, dense LDL particles are both involved in the high coronary risk of FCHL patients. We investigated the ability of pravastatin to favorably correct plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels and LDL structure in FCHL patients. Twelve patients with FCHL, documented by studies of first-degree relatives, received pravastatin (40 mg/d) for 12 weeks. Pravastatin significantly lowered plasma total and LDL cholesterol levels by 21% and 32%, respectively. Triglyceride levels did not change, and apolipoprotein B (apoB) concentrations decreased by 9% (P = NS). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increased by 6% because of a significant 73% rise of HDL2 cholesterol. LDL were smaller (diameter, 24.5 +/- 0.5 nm), less buoyant, and apoB-rich (cholesteryl ester-apoB ratio, 1.64 +/- 0.46) in the selected patients compared with patients with familial hypercholesterolemia or healthy control subjects. LDL became even smaller (23.8 +/- 0.6 nm) and richer in apoB (cholesteryl ester-apoB ratio, 1.27 +/- 0.52) after pravastatin treatment. Although pravastatin favorably altered plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels in FCHL patients, the abnormal LDL particle distribution and composition were not affected. Because of the apparent resistance of the small, dense LDL to drug-induced modifications, a maximal lipid-lowering effect is needed to reduce coronary risk in FCHL patients.
Evolution of Conformational Dynamics Determines the Conversion of a Promiscuous Generalist into a Specialist Enzyme (2014)

β-Lactamases are produced by many modern bacteria as a mechanism of resistance toward β-lactam antibiotics, the most common antibiotics in use. β-Lactamases, however, are ancient enzymes that originated billions of years ago. Recently, proteins corresponding to 2- to 3-Gy-old Precambrian nodes in the evolution of Class A β-lactamases have been prepared and shown to be moderately efficient promiscuous catalysts, able to degrade a variety of antibiotics with catalytic efficiency levels similar to those of an average modern enzyme. Remarkably, there are few structural differences (in particular at the active-site regions) between the resurrected enzymes and a penicillin-specialist modern β-lactamase. Here, we propose that the ancestral promiscuity originates from conformational dynamics. We investigate the differences in conformational dynamics of the ancient and extant β-lactamases through MD simulations and quantify the contribution of each position to functionally related dynamics through Dynamic Flexibility Index. The modern TEM-1 lactamase shows a comparatively rigid active-site region, likely reflecting adaptation for efficient degradation of a specific substrate (penicillin), whereas enhanced deformability at the active-site neighborhood in the ancestral resurrected proteins likely accounts for the binding and subsequent degradation of antibiotic molecules of different size and shape. Clustering of the conformational dynamics on the basis of Principal Component Analysis is in agreement with the functional divergence, as the ancient β-lactamases cluster together, separated from their modern descendant. Finally, our analysis leads to testable predictions, as sites of potential relevance for the evolution of dynamics are identified and mutations at those sites are expected to alter substrate-specificity.
Amplification of surface shear-wave mode in GaAs (1972)

The amplification characteristics of a surface shear wave mode in GaAs has been investigated and shown to be closely approximated by the bulk wave theory, where trapping effects are included. At a frequency of 205 MHz, relative electronic gains from 35–50 dB/cm have been observed.
Reactions of pentafluorosulphur chloride and hydrogen fluoride with low valent complexes of some Group VIII elements: the preparation of PtCl(SF5)(PPh3)2 (1969)

The first metal-pentafluorosulphur(VI) complex, PtCl(SF5)(PPh3)2 has been synthesised, and reactions of pentafluorosulphur chloride and hydrogen fluoride with some complexes of rhodium, iridium, and platinum are described.
Reliability Analysis of Structural Ceramic Components Using a Three-Parameter Weibull Distribution (1992)

This paper describes nonlinear regression estimators for the three-parameter Weibull distribution. Issues relating to the bias and invariant associated with these estimators arc examined numerically using Monte Carlo simulation methods. The estimators were used to extract parameters from sintered silicon nitride failure data. A reliability analysis was performed on a turbopump blade utilizing the three-parameter Weibull distribution and the estimates from the sintered silicon nitride data.
The Causes and Prevention of Drug Abuse in Professional Sports in America (2008)

This paper examines some of the major issues associated with drug use and abuse in professional sports. In particular, the reasons why athletes may take drugs and means of primary prevention is addressed. More specifically, it is believed that athletes take drugs because they have not developed effective intra- and interpersonal skills to cope constructively with the pressures exerted by management, media, and fans. A broad-based program of primary prevention is offered that attempts to circumvent the most significant causes of drug abuse. The first phase of the program involves drug that provide honest, straightforward information about the benefits and detriments of various drugs. Second, because drug use is not believed to be controlled by purely rational decisionmaking, emotional education modeled after the Scared Straight programs with juvenile delinquents would be used to reach young athletes at the gut level. Third, effective coping and general life skills would be taught as a means...
Cold Climate Heat Pumps Using Tandem Compressors (2016)

In cold climate zones, e.g. ASHRAE climate regions IV and V, conventional electric air-source heat pumps (ASHP) do not work well, due to high compressor discharge temperatures, large pressure ratios and inadequate heating capacities at low ambient temperatures. Consequently, significant use of auxiliary strip heating is required to meet the building heating load. We introduce innovative ASHP technologies as part of continuing efforts to eliminate auxiliary strip heat use and maximize heating COP with acceptable cost-effectiveness and reliability. These innovative ASHP were developed using tandem compressors, which are capable of augmenting heating capacity at low temperatures and maintain superior part-load operation efficiency at moderate temperatures. Two options of tandem compressors were studied; the first employs two identical, single-speed compressors, and the second employs two identical, vapor-injection compressors. The investigations were based on system modeling and laboratory evaluation. Both designs have successfully met the performance criteria. Laboratory evaluation showed that the tandem, single-speed compressor ASHP system is able to achieve heating COP = 4.2 at 47 F (8.3 C), COP = 2.9 at 17 F (-8.3 C), and 76% rated capacity and COP = 1.9 at -13 F (-25 C). This yields a HSPF = 11.0 (per AHRI 210/240). The tandem, vapor-injection ASHP is able to reach heating COP = 4.4 at 47 F, COP = 3.1 at 17 F, and 88% rated capacity and COP = 2.0 at -13 F. This yields a HSPF = 12.0. The system modeling and further laboratory evaluation are presented in the paper.
Configuration [Guest Editor's Introduction] (1998)

Presents the guest editorial for this issue of the publication.
Vegetable Oil Hydrogenating Process for Automotive Fuel (2007)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">From the viewpoint of primary energy diversification and CO<sub>2</sub> reduction, interests of using Biomass Fuel are rising. Some kinds of FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester), which are obtained from oil fats like vegetable oil using transesterification reaction with methanol, are getting Palm Oilpular for bio-diesel recently.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In this study, we have conducted many experiments of palm oil hydrogenations using our pilot plants, and checked the reactivity and the pattern of product yields.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">As a result, we figured out that the hydrocarbon oil equivalent to the conventional diesel fuel can be obtained from vegetable oils in good yield under mild hydrogenation conditions.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Moreover, as a result of various evaluations for the hydrogenated palm oil (oxidation stability, lowtemperature flow property, LCA, etc.), we found that the hydrogenated palm oil by our technology has performances almost equivalent to conventional diesel fuel.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In addition, we found unique properties compared to conventional diesel fuel, such as high cetane number and lower contents of sulfur and aromatic hydrocarbons. Therefore, we hope our technology could also improve the future automobile performance.</div>
Butt coupled photodiodes integrated with Y-branched optical waveguides on InP (1989)

A pair of GaInAs photodiodes was integrated to the output waveguides of an optical Y-branch. Light was butt coupled to the photodetective zone which was formed by GaInAs LPE growth refilling deep etched holes. Total light conversion with more than 90% internal quantum efficiency at 1.55µm wavelength was achieved. The best diodes exhibited dark currents of 1 nA at −10 V bias voltage.
Thermal anomaly detection for 2014 Jinggu earthquake using remote sensing data (2015)

Thermal anomaly appears to be a significant precursor of some strong earthquakes. In this study, time series of daily MODIS Land Surface Temperature (LST) product are processed and analyzed to detect possible anomalies prior the Jinggu earthquake (7 October 2014, Yunnan Province). In order to reduce the seasonal or annual effects from the LST variations, also to avoid the rainy and cloudy weather in this area, a background data of 10-day LST are derived using averaging MOD11A2 products from 2001 to 2013. Then the 10-day LST data from August 2014 to December 2014 were differenced using the above background. RX anomaly detection algorithm was applied to detect the anomalies. Abnormal LST increase before the earthquake is quite obvious from the differential images, indicating that this method is useful in such area with high mountains and cloudy weather. The study indicates that LST change detection is somewhat effective in this area for earthquake precursor study.
Blood Pressure and Serum Potassium Levels in Hypertensive Patients Receiving or Not Receiving Antihypertensive Treatment (2007)

The observed reverse relation between serum potassium and BP supports a close pathophysiological connection between serum potassium and essential hypertension. Moreover, diuretic therapy is a significant cause of hypokalemia and requires systematic monitoring.
Electrohydrodynamic Force and Acceleration in Surfaces Discharges (2006)

The use of atmospheric pressure surface discharges as actuators for drag reduction, flow control, flow acceleration and flow re-attachment has been considered and studied over the past decade. There is still, however, a lack of clear understanding of the qualitative effect of these surface discharges on the flow and the potential and limits of this effect need to be quantified. In this paper, we use a fluid model to describe the space and time evolution of the plasma and of the force exerted on the neutral molecules in surface dielectric barrier discharges in configurations that have been proposed as actuators for flow control. The results show that for ramp or sinusoidal voltage waveforms, the discharge consists of large amplitude short current pulses during which a filamentary plasma spreads along the surface, separated in time by long duration, low current discharge phases of a corona type. The contribution of the low current phases to the total force exerted by the discharge on the gas may be dominant because their duration is much longer than that of the current pulses and because the force acts over a much larger volume. A description of the different discharge regimes and a parametric study of the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) force as a function of voltage rise time is presented.
Structure of the Cyanuric Acid Hydrolase TrzD Reveals Product Exit Channel (2017)

Cyanuric acid hydrolases are of industrial importance because of their use in aquatic recreational facilities to remove cyanuric acid, a stabilizer for the chlorine. Degradation of excess cyanuric acid is necessary to maintain chlorine disinfection in the waters. Cyanuric acid hydrolase opens the cyanuric acid ring hydrolytically and subsequent decarboxylation produces carbon dioxide and biuret. In the present study, we report the X-ray structure of TrzD, a cyanuric acid hydrolase from Acidovorax citrulli. The crystal structure at 2.19 Å resolution shows a large displacement of the catalytic lysine (Lys163) in domain 2 away from the active site core, whereas the two other active site lysines from the two other domains are not able to move. The lysine displacement is proposed here to open up a channel for product release. Consistent with that, the structure also showed two molecules of the co-product, carbon dioxide, one in the active site and another trapped in the proposed exit channel. Previous data indicated that the domain 2 lysine residue plays a role in activating an adjacent serine residue carrying out nucleophilic attack, opening the cyanuric acid ring, and the mobile lysine guides products through the exit channel.
Shear modulus reduction and damping ratio curves for earth core materials of dams (2018)

It is essential to obtain shear modulus reduction and damping ratio curves to perform dynamic analyses of earth-cored embankment dams. Many studies have been performed for dynamic properties of clayey soils, but they have been limited for earth core materials of dams. This study conducted resonant column tests to obtain shear modulus reduction (G/G max ) and damping ratio (D) curves for 31 specimens (17 undisturbed and 14 remolded specimens) from 13 earth-cored embankment dams. Empirical G/G max and D curves are proposed for dynamic properties of clayey earth core materials. Fitting curves are provided by using the functional forms of the Ramberg–Osgood and Darendeli models. The observation shows that the undisturbed earth cores yield relatively higher G/G max and lower D curves than the remolded cores. G/G max curves of compacted earth cores are relatively higher than those of Vucetic and Dobry curves for a similar level of plasticity index. Uncertainty and bias are calculated by performing residual analysis, which shows that there is no clear bias in predicting G/G max and the uncertainties between undisturbed earth core materials and natural deposits are at a similar level. A proposed empirical relationship of G/G max and D curves for earth core materials can be utilized for dynamic analyses of embankment dams for cases where there is insufficient in situ data.