gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chromosomal imbalances of primary and metastatic lung adenocarcinomas (2001)

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was used to screen 83 lung adenocarcinomas of 60 patients for chromosomal imbalances. The most common alteration was DNA overrepresentation on chromosome 1q, with a peak incidence at 1q22-q23 in 73% of the primary tumours, followed by DNA overrepresentation on chromosomes 8q and 20q, and deletions on chromosomes 3p, 4q, 6q, 9p, 9q, and 13q, in at least 60%. The generation of a difference histogram of metastasizing versus non-metastasizing tumours and a case-by-case histogram for the comparison of 23 paired samples of primary tumours and corresponding metastases suggested that deletions on chromosomes 3p12-p14, 3p22-p24, 4p13-15.1, 4q21-qter, 6q21-qter, 8p, 10q, 14q21, 17p12-p13, 20p12, and 21q, and overrepresentations on chromosomes 1q21-q25, 7q11.2, 9q34, 11q12-q13, 14q11-q13, and 17q25 are associated with the metastatic phenotype. In contrast, losses on chromosome 19 and gains on 3p, 4q, 5p, and 6q were preferentially found in non-metastasizing tumours. The analysis of the paired samples revealed considerable chromosomal instability, but indicated a clonal relationship in each case. The primary tumours often showed additional deletions, suggesting that loss of function mutations are critical in the initial phase of tumour dissemination, whereas the metastases preferentially acquired DNA gains, probably modulating the metastatic phenotype. The primary data from this study (ratio profiles, clinicopathological parameters, histograms) are also available at http://amba.charite.de/cgh.
The substrate specificities of four different lysophospholipases as determined by a novel fluorescence assay (1994)

A novel fluorescence assay for quantifying lysophospholipase activity is described which utilizes a commercially available acrylodated intestinal fatty-acid-binding protein (ADIFAB) and non-radiolabelled substrate. Quantification of enzyme activity is based on the decrease in ADIFAB fluorescence at 432 nm in the presence of nanomolar concentrations of non-esterified ('free') fatty acids. Lysophospholipase activity measured by the ADIFAB assay and a conventional radiometric assay yield comparable results and have comparable levels of sensitivity (approximately 10 pmol/min per ml). The ADIFAB assay has the advantageous features of continuous monitoring of enzyme activity and the availability of a broad range of potential substrates, because non-radiolabelled lysophospholipids can be employed in the assay. The hydrolytic activities of four lysophospholipases were determined, including a bacterial secreted phospholipase A2/lysophospholipase, the human-eosinophil-secreted lysophospholipase, a human intracellular lysophospholipase (peak 3) isolated from HL-60 cells and a high-molecular-mass cytosolic phospholipase A2/lysophospholipase from a mouse mammary carcinoma. Each of these enzymes was found to have a distinctive hydrolytic profile as determined by an array of lysophospholipids differing in their polar headgroups and sn-1 fatty-acyl substituents.
New Efficient Method for the Total Synthesis of (<i>S</i>,<i>S</i>)-Isodityrosine from Natural Amino Acids (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunicationNEXTNew Efficient Method for the Total Synthesis of (S,S)-Isodityrosine from Natural Amino AcidsMichael E. Jung and Tsvetelina I. LazarovaView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 9, 2976–2977Publication Date (Web):April 7, 1999Publication History Received17 February 1999Published online7 April 1999Published inissue 1 April 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9902751https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9902751rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2706Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Coupling reactions,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
Use of <scp>l</scp>-Lysine Fluorescence Derivatives as Tracers To Enhance the Performance of Polarization Fluoroimmunoassays. A Study Using Two Herbicides as Model Antigens (2002)

Fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) is a convenient homogeneous assay, the use of which is restricted in environmental analysis by low sensitivity and matrix effects. We selected the herbicides 2,4D and 2,4,5T to synthesize new L-lysine-based fluorescent tracers using solid-phase chemistry. In addition, three different immunogens of 2,4,5T were prepared for immunization and antibody production. The new tracers and antibodies were adapted to FPIA. Tracers with the hapten attached to the alpha-aminogroup of L-lysine and fluorescein to the e-amino group exhibited at least a 5-fold increased sensitivity when compared to the previously reported ethylenediamine-based tracer (2,4D-EDA-F). The isomeric structure (hapten attached to the e-amino and fluorescein to the alpha-amino group) appeared 7.6 times less sensitive, and all other alternative structures exhibited even lower sensitivities. This observation was confirmed against the monoclonal anti-2,4D antibody E2/G2 and polyclonal anti-2,4,5T antibodies. The affinity constant of 2,4D-EDA-F with E2/G2 was 8.1 times higher when compared with the new tracer, suggesting the more specific nature of the L-lysine-based tracer, the use of which leads to a more sensitive assay. This type of tracer could improve performance and lower substantially the detection limits of FPIAs.
Object-oriented simulation to support operator decision making in semiconductor manufacturing (2003)

The authors describe research on the development of a high-fidelity simulator using the object-oriented programming paradigm. The simulator models the complex interactions in reentrant flow manufacturing facilities. In addition to potentially providing better estimates on throughput, work-in-progress levels, and bottleneck resources in the modeled system, the simulator serves as a platform to investigate issues of operator cross-training, decision aiding, and the effect of operator decisions in such manufacturing facilities. The authors describe the class hierarchy of objects required for modeling and analysis of semiconductor and thin films fabrication, and discuss their approach to modeling complex supervisory control decisions in reentrant flow lines.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Privacy Improvement through Pseudonymity in Parlay X for Location Based Services (2008)

Privacy constitutes a great challenge for the spread of new services. In particular for Next Generation Network (NGN) services, operators and providers hold more sensitive information than traditional networks. NGN implies a new service layer, accessible by third parties through standardized interfaces. This newly proposed service architecture is not protected yet against privacy threat. We demonstrate that pseudonymity is an interesting and feasible solution in Parlay X gateway. Location-Based Services (LBS) make use of user positions, which are sensitive information, to provide more enhanced services. Different alternatives in cellular networks, exist to retrieve this information, they however don't offer the same privacy quality level. Those alternatives may cooperate to provide location information to service providers. The discontinuity of the privacy quality imperils the anonymity of users. In this paper, we propose a novel Privacy Web service added to the Parlay X gateway of the service architecture to ensure user privacy through pseudonymity in location services. The architecture is based on the enhancement of standardized Parlay X Web services. The new proposed web service could enforce the privacy provided by operator networks. A formal model of our approach is investigated.
Whispers in the dark (2014)

Social interactions and interpersonal communication has undergone significant changes in recent years. Increasing awareness of privacy issues and events such as the Snowden disclosures have led to the rapid growth of a new generation of anonymous social networks and messaging applications. By removing traditional concepts of strong identities and social links, these services encourage communication between strangers, and allow users to express themselves without fear of bullying or retaliation.
Assessment of Mindfulness by Self-Report (2004)

A self-report inventory for the assessment of mindfulness skills was developed, and its psychometric characteristics and relationships with other constructs were examined. Participants included three samples of undergraduate students and a sample of outpatients with borderline personality disorder Based on discussions of mindfulness in the current literature, four mindfulness skills were specified: observing, describing, acting with awareness, and accepting without judgment. Scales designed to measure each skill were developed and evaluated. Results showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability and a clear factor structure. Most expected relationships with other constructs were significant. Findings suggest that mindfulness skills are differentially related to aspects of personality and mental health, including neuroticism, psychological symptoms, emotional intelligence, alexithymia, experiential avoidance, dissociation, and absorption.
Two-fiber optical channel shared protection ring with 4/spl times/4 thermal-optic switches (2001)

A two-fiber optical channel shared protection ring including node architecture, signaling protocol, control hardware and software is designed and implemented experimentally. A total protection switching time of 12 ms is demonstrated, along with a revert-to-normal switching time of 3 ms.
El problema de síntesis de fourier en radio - astronomía y su resolución mediante métodos variacionales (2012)

El radio observatorio ALMA con una inversion cercana al billon de dolares esta pronto a entregar datos observacionales en el espectro de radio frecuencias con una resolucion nunca antes lograda. Para una observacion dada, este instrumento recoge un subconjunto discreto de la transformada de Fourier de la imagen, obteniendo volumenes cercanos al Terabyte diario. Sin embargo, el problema de recuperar la imagen no pasa simplemente por usar la transformada inversa del conjunto de puntos. Este problema es conocido en matematicas como “Fourier Synthesis” y sorprendentemente aun se encuentra como una floreciente linea de investigacion en el campo del analisis armonico. Es critico para este proceso los grandes volumenes de datos que se producirian. Se detalla en este trabajo un algoritmo de optimizacion que tiene por objetivo minimizar el error cuadratico medio bajo restricciones. Se utilizan datos de la primera fase del radio observatorio ALMA, y se compara con los resultados obtenidos mediante el algoritmo CLEAN. Se obtienen imagenes que resultan cualitativamente equivalente a las obtenidas usando los metodos tradicionales. Estos resultados son una prueba de concepto que presenta la base para la investigacion de mejores metodos variacionales en la sintesis de imagenes.
Restoration of Diastolic Function in Senescent Rat Hearts Through Adenoviral Gene Transfer of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ATPase (2000)

These results support the hypothesis that decreased Ca(2+)-ATPase activity contributes to the functional abnormalities observed in senescent hearts and demonstrates that Ca(2+) cycling proteins can be targeted in the senescent heart to improve cardiac function.
Characterization of promoters from tobacco yellow dwarf geminivirus: The activities and regulation (1998)

DNA fragments from the bidirectional promoter region of the Tobacco yellow dwarf geminivirus (TobYDV) were cloned into pUC18-based vector pG1, producing transcriptional fusion with the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene and nopaline synthetase terminator sequence. The activity for each promoter construct was analyzed by a GUS expression assay from N. clevelandii, N. plumbagfolia and Zea mays (maize) Black Mexican Sweet protoplasts extract or from N. clevelandii protoplast extract coelectroporated with the GUS reporter constructs in which TobYDV open reading frames (ORFs) replaced GUS gene individually and was controlled by a califlower mosaic virus 35S promoter. From tobacco protoplasts, strong promoter activity was observed for the promoter of C1+C2 gene which was repressed by coelectroporation of C1+2 ORF construct. Moderate activity was observed for the promoter of the V1 and V2 ORFs which were enhanced by coelectroporation of the C1+2, V1 and V2 ORF constructs. Whereas the activity of C1+2 gene promoter was weaker comparing to the activity of V1 and V2 gene promoters in maize protoplasts.
Macrophage-Mediated Inhibitory Effect of<i>Zingiber officinale</i>Rosc, A Traditional Oriental Herbal Medicine, on the Growth of Influenza A/Aichi/2/68 Virus (2006)

The inhibitory effect of Zingiber officinale Rosc (ZOR), an Oriental traditional herbal medicine, on the growth of influenza A/Aichi/2/68 (Aichi) virus was investigated in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Direct addition of ZOR (0.1 approximately 100 microg/ml) to the infected cells did not have any inhibitory effect. However, the ZOR-induced conditioned medium (ZOR-CM) of RAW cells, a murine macrophage (Mphi) cell line, exhibited an apparent inhibitory effect on MDCK cells without cytotoxicity. In accordance with the time-dependent inhibitory effect of ZOR-CM, it has been demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha was gradually accumulated in ZOR-CM by the induction of TNF-alpha mRNA expression in ZOR-stimulated RAW cells. Conversely, the inhibitory effect of ZOR-CM was reduced significantly by the removal of TNF-alpha after the formation of an immune complex with anti-TNF-alpha monoclonal antibody. These data suggested that ZOR itself has no inhibitory effect on the growth of influenza virus, but could exert its effect via macrophage activation leading to production of TNF-alpha.
Passive tracking of catheters and guidewires by contrast-enhanced MR fluoroscopy (2001)

Passive MR tracking of catheters and guidewires is usually done by dynamically imaging a single thick slab, subtracting a baseline image, and combining the result with a previously acquired MR angiogram. In the in vitro and in vivo experiments reported here, it is demonstrated that this approach may be greatly simplified by using a suitable intravascular contrast agent. The proposed method, contrast-enhanced MR fluoroscopy, combines tracking and angiography into a single sequence and allows direct visualization of the magnetically prepared parts of catheters and guidewires with respect to the vasculature at a frame rate of about one image per 1.5 seconds. Contrast-enhanced MR fluoroscopy, although still limited in temporal resolution, thus obviates the need for subtraction and overlay techniques and eliminates the sensitivity of tracking to subject motion between acquisitions. Magn Reson Med 45:17-23, 2001.
Remission maintenance therapy with histamine and interleukin‐2 in acute myelogenous leukaemia (1996)

Peripheral blasts recovered from patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) were efficiently lysed by interleukin-2 (IL-2)-activated heterologous natural killer (NK) cells in vitro. The IL-2-induced killing of AML blasts was inhibited by monocytes, recovered from peripheral blood by centrifugal elutriation. Histamine, of concentrations within the micromolar range, abrogated the monocyte-induced inhibition of NK-cells; thereby, histamine and IL-2 synergistically induced NK-cell-mediated killing of AML blasts. The effect of histamine was apparently mediated by H2-type histamine receptors (H2R), since the H2R antagonist ranitidine completely blocked the response. Based on these in vitro findings, seven patients with AML in first (n=2), second (n=3) or third (n=2) complete remission (CR) were given home therapy with interleukin-2 (IL-2; O.9 x 10(6) IU x 2 s.c.) and histamine (0.4 - 0.7 mg x 2 s.c.) in cycles of 21 d, separated by 6-week intervals. The patients also received treatment with low dose cytarabine and thioguanine between cycles of histamine/IL-2. Toxicity was moderate and include local reactions to IL-2 at the site of injection and short-lasting flush, hypotension, and headache to histamine. The addition of histamine to treatment with IL-2 significantly enhanced the accumulation of CD25+ T cells in peripheral blood as compared to treatment with IL-2 alone (P< 0.003). Five patients remain in complete remission at 9, 18, 21, 24 and 26 months; the two patients in CR3 relapsed after 8 and 33 months, respectively. In the five patients with earlier relapse, the duration of remission after treatment with histamine/IL-2 has in each case exceeded that of previous remissions. We conclude that (i) histamine and IL-2 synergize to kill human AML blasts in vitro, and (ii) histamine/IL-2 is a safe and feasible approach to immunotherapy of AML which merits further investigation.
A new tool for benchmarking cardiovascular fluoroscopes (2001)

This article reports the status of a new cardiovascular fluoroscopy benchmarking phantom. A joint working group of the Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions (SCA&I) and the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) developed the phantom. The device was adopted as NEMA standard XR 21-2000, "Characteristics of and Test Procedures for a Phantom to Benchmark Cardiac Fluoroscopic and Photographic Performance," in August 2000. The test ensemble includes imaging field geometry, spatial resolution, low-contrast iodine detectability, working thickness range, visibility of moving targets, and phantom entrance dose. The phantom tests systems under conditions simulating normal clinical use for fluoroscopically guided invasive and interventional procedures. Test procedures rely on trained human observers.
Flood‐routing on the Sacramento River (1941)

The flood‐problem in the Sacramento River System is one in which the people of the Central Valley of California are vitally interested. A large proportion of the agricultural land of the Valley is reclaimed swamp and overflow‐land. Although many millions of dollars have been spent on reclamation and flood‐control, recent floods have indicated the need for further study. In order to determine the adequacy of the present system of levees and by‐passes, and to plan intelligently on future improvements, it is necessary to know the behavior of past and future floods. Therefore, a restudy of past floods has been made by routing these floods through the present system and possible modifications thereof. The results of these routings will furnish an excellent guide in predicting the probable future frequency of flows of any magnitude in any part of the system.
Biomass gasification for carbon dioxide enrichment in greenhouses (2011)

Biomass heating is used more and more by the greenhouse industry to reduce costs and the environmental footprint of production. The objective of this research project was to investigate the possibility of using the carbon dioxide (CO2) from the exhaust gas of a biomass heating system to enrich greenhouses with CO2 and improve crop yield. When compared to direct combustion, biomass gasification technology offers better control, which helps in reducing atmospheric emissions. Gasification is a thermo-chemical reaction, which converts solid biomass into a gaseous fuel, known as syngas. Experiments were performed at McGill University (Montreal, QC, Canada) using a downdraft gasifier to monitor its performance, with sawdust wood pellets as feedstock. Temperature and pressure monitoring provided valuable insights on optimal gasification temperatures, biomass fuel depletion in the reactor, ash grate shaking requirements, micro-explosions detection, char bed packing and pressure drop across the packed bed filter. The gasifier operated with an average equivalence ratio (the actual air to fuel ratio relative to the stoichiometric air to fuel requirement) of 0.17, below the optimal value of 0.25, and achieved a cold gas efficiency of 59%. Syngas combustion emissions produced an average of 8.8 ppm of carbon monoxide (CO), with 60% of the trials below the ASHRAE standards for indoor air quality and 90% below 20 ppm. The sulphur dioxide (SO2) emissions were below ppm levels, while ethylene (C2H4) emissions were below the critical concentration of 50 ppb for CO2 enrichment. The average nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions were 23.6 ppm and would need to be reduced to allow commercial operations. From the empirical data, the gasifier operating with sawdust wood pellets, with a consumption of 7.7 kg/hr, could provide a maximum of 22.9 kW of thermal energy and could enrich a maximum of 1540 m2 of greenhouse surface area. Results indicated that biomass, following combustion or gasification, could provide more CO2 for greenhouse enrichment than propane or natural gas per unit of energy. Biomass gasification coupled with syngas combustion could be a promising renewable alternative to propane and natural gas for CO2 enrichment in greenhouses.
Missing Values and Optimal Selection of an Imputation Method and Classification Algorithm to Improve the Accuracy of Ubiquitous Computing Applications (2015)

In a ubiquitous environment, high-accuracy data analysis is essential because it affects real-world decision-making. However, in the real world, user-related data from information systems are often missing due to users’ concerns about privacy or lack of obligation to provide complete data. This data incompleteness can impair the accuracy of data analysis using classification algorithms, which can degrade the value of the data. Many studies have attempted to overcome these data incompleteness issues and to improve the quality of data analysis using classification algorithms. The performance of classification algorithms may be affected by the characteristics and patterns of the missing data, such as the ratio of missing data to complete data. We perform a concrete causal analysis of differences in performance of classification algorithms based on various factors. The characteristics of missing values, datasets, and imputation methods are examined. We also propose imputation and classification algorithms appropriate to different datasets and circumstances.