gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-impact changes (2006)

For as long as I can remember general practice has been considered the jewel in the UK health-care system. If members of the public understand little about the NHS they certainly know their GP and, in recent years, their practice nurses. Despite a cascade of health-care reforms, the structure of general practice with its new GMS Contract (since April 2004) is set to remain basically the same, although it is certainly up for major tweaking.
Self-Enhancement of Voltammetric Waves of Weak Acids in the Absence of Supporting Electrolyte (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelf-Enhancement of Voltammetric Waves of Weak Acids in the Absence of Supporting ElectrolyteZbigniew. Stojek, Malgorzata. Ciszkowska, and Janet G. OsteryoungCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 9, 1507–1512Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00081a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00081a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views250Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluating LSTM Networks, HMM and WFST in Malay Part-of-Speech Tagging (2017)

Tien-Ping Tan1, Bali Ranaivo-Malançon2, Laurent Besacier3, Yin-Lai Yeong1, Keng Hoon Gan1, and Enya Kong Tang1
Quantization loss in convolutional decoding (1993)

The loss in quantizing coded symbols in the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel with binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) or quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulation is discussed. A quantization scheme and branch metric calculation method are presented. For the uniformly quantized AWGN channel, cutoff rate is used to determine the step size and the smallest number of quantization bits needed for a given bit-signal-to-noise ratio (E/sub b//N/sub 0/) loss. A nine-level quantizer is presented, along with 3-b branch metrics for a rate-1/2 code, which causes an E/sub b//N/sub 0/ loss of only 0.14 dB. These results also apply to soft-decision decoding of block codes. A tight upper bound is derived for the range of path metrics in a Viterbi decoder. The calculations are verified by simulations of several convolutional codes, including the memory-14, rate-1/4 or -1/6 codes used by the big Viterbi decoders at JPL.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis and serum protein binding of novel ring-substituted harmine derivatives (2015)

Potential anticancer derivatives of the β-carboline alkaloid harmine exhibit substituent dependent serum protein binding.
Analysis of Topics and Relevant Documents for Navigational Retrieval on the Web (2005)

An investigation into relationships among search methods, topic types, and styles of relevant Web pages was conducted using the "NTCIR-4 WEB Test Collection for Navigational Retrieval", which was built for evaluating the retrieval effectiveness of Web search systems aiming to find representative web pages of a given object. First, "Known Item Search," the task of the test collection, is defined and its outline is given. It consists of 100 gigabytes of Web document data NW100G-01, 300 topics of various types, and corresponding relevance judgments. Next, summaries of the systems and their evaluations used in this investigation are shown. Some systems used anchor text information or link information, and others used only the content information in various ways. Finally, characteristics of topics and their relevant documents and some interesting observations are discussed in relation to search methods and their effectiveness.
Demonstration of Organic Light Emitting Diodes Fabricated on Flexible Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Embedded Poly(dimenthylsiloxane) Substrates (2009)

This study presents a flexible substrate using poly(dimenthylsiloxane) (PDMS) to fabricate organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). To reduce surface roughness and enhance surface stiffness necessary for OLED fabrication, we optimized the constituents of PDMS precursor and introduced a strength-enhancement layer, which comprises Al2O3 nanoparticles, and embedded it near the surface. Experimental results showed the tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum (Alq3)-based OLEDs fabricated on the substrate can be successfully turned on at a low threshold voltage of 2.2 V with a bending radius of 3.0 cm.
A Near-State PWM Method With Reduced Switching Losses and Reduced Common-Mode Voltage for Three-Phase Voltage Source Inverters (2009)

The near-state pulsewidth modulation (NSPWM) method, which reduces the common-mode voltage/current, is proposed for three-phase pulsewidth modulation (PWM) inverter drives. The method is described, its optimal voltage vectors are found, and the sequence that these vectors are applied is determined. Its voltage linearity and DC bus and AC output PWM current ripple characteristics are studied. Its output line-to-line voltage pattern is carefully studied with regard to switching transients that may cause overvoltages at the motor terminals, particularly for long-cable applications. The NSPWM method is thoroughly investigated, and its performance is compared to conventional PWM methods. Theory, simulations, and experiments show that NSPWM exhibits superior common-mode performance and satisfactory input/output PWM ripple performance characteristics. It is also illustrated that even though the method has bipolar line-to-line output voltage pulses, due to the sufficient zero-voltage time intervals for the switching transients to settle, these pulses do not cause additional overvoltages at the motor terminals compared to the conventional methods. The method is feasible for motor drives, particularly for operation in the high modulation index range, where its overall performance exceeds the performances of the state-of-the-art PWM methods.
Use of activated charcoal for the collection and containment of 133 Xe exhaled during pulmonary studies. (1972)

Summary From the results of this limited study of xenon trapping with activated charcoal it seems clear that a relatively simple means of trapping, containing, and recovering exhaled radioactive xenon effluence during pulmonary studies can be effected.
Measurement of radiation loss in curved single-mode fibres (1978)

Experimental and theoretical studies on the radiation loss from curved single-mode fibres show that it includes contributions due to transition loss at discontinuities between straight and curved sections of fibre, as well as the bend loss due to uniform curvature. These two contributions have been measured separately, and there is good agreement with the theoretical predictions. The transition loss at large bend radii can be considerably greater than the uniform bend loss. It is found that the transition loss incurred by a change of fibre curvature from R to -R is about 8 times bigger than that from R to infinity. The loss due to fibre undulation has also been measured and in this case the results can be completely explained using only the pure bending loss theory.
Biotechnology : guidelines on techniques in coccidiosis research (1995)

Environment research programm Cost 89/820
Fast Hybrid Silicon Double-Quantum-Dot Qubit (2012)

We propose a quantum dot qubit architecture that has an attractive combination of speed and fabrication simplicity. It consists of a double quantum dot with one electron in one dot and two electrons in the other. The qubit itself is a set of two states with total spin quantum numbers S(2)=3/4 (S=1/2) and S(z)=-1/2, with the two different states being singlet and triplet in the doubly occupied dot. Gate operations can be implemented electrically and the qubit is highly tunable, enabling fast implementation of one- and two-qubit gates in a simpler geometry and with fewer operations than in other proposed quantum dot qubit architectures with fast operations. Moreover, the system has potentially long decoherence times. These are all extremely attractive properties for use in quantum information processing devices.
Evaluating the Stability of Double Emulsions—A Review of the Measurement Techniques for the Systematic Investigation of Instability Mechanisms (2020)

Double emulsions are very promising for various applications in pharmaceutics, cosmetics, and food. Despite lots of published research, only a few products have successfully been marketed due to immense stability problems. This review describes approaches on how to characterize the stability of double emulsions. The measurement methods are used to investigate the influence of the ingredients or the process on the stability, as well as of the environmental conditions during storage. The described techniques are applied either to double emulsions themselves or to model systems. The presented analysis methods are based on microscopy, rheology, light scattering, marker detection, and differential scanning calorimetry. Many methods for the characterization of double emulsions focus only on the release of the inner water phase or of a marker encapsulated therein. Analysis methods for a specific application rarely give information on the actual mechanism, leading to double emulsion breakage. In contrast, model systems such as simple emulsions, microfluidic emulsions, or single-drop experiments allow for a systematic investigation of diffusion and coalescence between the individual phases. They also give information on the order of magnitude in which they contribute to the failure of the overall system. This review gives an overview of various methods for the characterization of double emulsion stability, describing the underlying assumptions and the information gained. With this review, we intend to assist in the development of stable double emulsion-based products.
Face Recognition using Tensors of Census Transform Histograms from Gaussian Features Maps (2009)

This paper presents a new approach for face recognition based on the fusion of tensors of census transform histograms from Local Gaussian features maps. Local Gaussian feature maps encode the most relevant information from Gaussian derivative features. Census Transform (CT) histograms are calculated and concatenated to form a tensor for each class of Gaussian map. Multi-linear Principal Component Analysis (MPCA) is applied to each tensor to reduce the number of dimensions as well as the correlation between neighboring pixels due to the Census Transform. We then train Kernel Discriminative Common Vectors (KDCV) to generate a discriminative vector using the results of the MPCA. Results of recognition using MPCA of tensors-CT histograms from Gaussian features maps with KDCV is shown to compare favorably with competing techniques that use more complex features maps like for example Gabor features maps in the FERET and Yale datasets. Additional experiments were done in the Yale B+ extended Yale B Faces dataset to show the performance of Gaussian features map with hard illumination changes.
Measure Guideline: Wood Window Repair, Rehabilitation, and Replacement (2012)

This measure guideline provides information and guidance on rehabilitating, retrofitting, and replacing existing window assemblies in residential construction. The intent is to provide information regarding means and methods to improve the energy and comfort performance of existing wood window assemblies in a way that takes into consideration component durability, in-service operation, and long term performance of the strategies.
HyPaFilter (2016)

With network traffic rates continuously growing, security systems like firewalls are facing increasing challenges to process incoming packets at line speed without sacrificing protection. Accordingly, specialized hardware firewalls are increasingly used in high-speed environments. Hardware solutions, though, are inherently limited in terms of the complexity of the policies they can implement, often forcing users to choose between throughput and comprehensive analysis. On the contrary, complex rules typically constitute only a small fraction of the rule set. This motivates the combination of massively parallel, yet complexity-limited specialized circuitry with a slower, but semantically powerful software firewall. The key challenge in such a design arises from the dependencies between classification rules due to their relative priorities within the rule set: complex rules requiring software-based processing may be interleaved at arbitrary positions between those where hardware processing is feasible. We therefore discuss approaches for partitioning and transforming rule sets for hybrid packet processing, and propose HyPaFilter, a hybrid classification system based on tailored circuitry on an FPGA as an accelerator for a Linux netfilter firewall. Our evaluation demonstrates 30-fold performance gains in comparison to software-only processing.
Posttransfusion purpura due to an alloantibody reactive with glycoprotein Ia/IIa (anti-HPA-5b) (1991)

A 38-year-old woman (JT) was diagnosed with posttransfusion purpura and significant posthysterectomy vaginal bleeding 9 days after the transfusion of 2 U of packed red blood cells. Analysis of JT's serum by a monoclonal antibody-antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method showed the presence of anti-HPA-5b (anti-Bra) antibodies directed against an epitope on platelet glycoprotein (GP) la of the GPIa/IIa complex. The patient's serum immunoprecipitated two proteins from 125I-labeled HPA-5b positive platelets that migrated under both nonreducing and reducing conditions on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels at molecular weights characteristic of GPIa (150 Kd and 165 Kd, respectively) and GPIIa (120 Kd and 145 Kd, respectively). These bands were not precipitated when 125I-labeled HPA-5b negative platelets were used. Platelet typings performed on JT and her three children showed that the patient was HPA-5b negative and one of her children was HPA-5b positive. Platelets obtained from one of the donors who provided blood for the inciting transfusion also typed as HPA-5b positive. These findings demonstrate that posttransfusion purpura may be induced by antibodies directed against an alloantigenic epitope, namely HPA-5b (Bra), located on GPIa/IIa. Moreover, clinically significant bleeding can be associated with antibody reactions directed against this GP complex.
Duration of the initial TCR stimulus controls the magnitude but not functionality of the CD8+ T cell response (2006)

CD8+ T cells only require a brief stimulation with antigen in vitro to divide and differentiate into effector and memory cells upon transfer in vivo. The efficiency of clonal expansion and the functional characteristics of memory cells derived from briefly stimulated cells are poorly defined. We developed a system that allowed us to examine programming entirely in vivo. This was achieved by rapidly killing peptide-pulsed DCs carrying a diphtheria toxin receptor transgene with timed injections of diphtheria toxin without altering the course of an accompanying infection. The magnitude of clonal expansion, but not the functionality of the effector cells, correlated directly with the duration of antigen exposure. Furthermore, memory T cells were capable of mounting a secondary response, regardless of the length of antigen encounter during the primary response. These results indicate that the duration of initial antigen encounter influences the magnitude of the primary response, but does not program responsiveness during the secondary challenge.
A New Monoclonal Antibody, P2A8(6), that Specifically Recognizes a Novel Epitope on the Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 1 (MRP1), but not on MRP2 nor MRP3 (2001)

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major problem in the chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer. Overexpression of the multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), is associated with MDR in certain tumors. A number of MRP1-specific MAbs, which facilitate both clinical and experimental investigations of this protein, are available. To add to this panel of existing antibodies, we have now generated an additional MRP1-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb), P2A8(6), which detects a unique heat stable epitope on the MRP1 molecule. Female Wistar rats were immunized via footpad injections with a combination of two short synthetic peptides corresponding to amino acids 235-246 (peptide A) and 246-260 (peptide B) of the MRP1 protein. Immune reactive B cells were then isolated from the popliteal lymph nodes for fusion with SP2/O-Ag14 myeloma cells. Resultant hybridoma supernatants were screened for MRP1-specific antibody production. Antibody P2A8(6) was characterized by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry on paired multidrug resistant (MRP1 overexpressing) and sensitive parental cell lines. The antibody detects a protein of 190 kDa in MRP1-expressing cell lines but not in MRP2- or MRP3-transfected cell lines. P2A8(6) stains drug-selected and MRP1-transfected cell lines homogeneously by immunocytochemistry and recognizes MRP1 by immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed paraffin wax-embedded tissue sections. Peptide inhibition studies confirm that P2A8(6) reacts with peptide B (amino acids 246-260), therefore recognizing a different epitope from that of all currently available MRP1 MAbs. This new MAb, chosen for its specificity to the MRP1 protein, may be a useful addition to the currently available range of MRP1-specific MAbs.
A rapid and simple HPLC method for the determination of curcumin in rat plasma: assay development, validation and application to a pharmacokinetic study of curcumin liposome (2009)

This paper describes a sensitive, specific and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of curcumin in rat plasma. After a simple step of protein precipitation in 96-well format using acetonitrile containing the internal standard (IS), emodin, plasma samples were analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC. Curcumin and the IS emodin were separated on a Diamonsil C(18) analytical column (4.6 x 100 mm, 5 microm) using acetonitrile-5% acetic acid (75:25, v/v) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The method was sensitive with a lower limit of quantitation of 1 ng/mL, with good linearity (r(2) >or= 0.999) over the linear range 1-500 ng/mL. All the validation data, such as accuracy and precision, were within the required limits. A run time of 3.0 min for each sample made high-throughput bioanalysis possible. The assay method was successfully applied to the study of the pharmacokinetics of curcumin liposome in rats.
Earth: Our Lifeboat or Our Death-boat? (1994)

This feature article is based on a paper given for the 1993 Fall Faculty Lecture Series at Dordt College.
POLYMERS EXPLOITED FOR DRUG DELIVERY (2005)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTPOLYMERS EXPLOITED FOR DRUG DELIVERYBiocompatibility and biodegradability are key elements in design of polymers for therapeuticsMICHAEL FREEMANTLEView Author Information C&EN LONDONCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2005, 83, 16, 45–47Publication Date (Print):April 18, 2005Publication History Published online14 November 2010Published inissue 18 April 2005https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v083n016.p045Copyright © 2005 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views24Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) SUBJECTS:Biocompatibility,Biomaterials,Drug delivery,Materials,Polymer science Get e-Alerts
Enhanced Gene Transfer and Oncolysis of Head and Neck Cancer and Melanoma Cells by Fiber Chimeric Oncolytic Adenoviruses (2006)

In vitro and in vivo studies showed the improved transduction, replication, cytotoxicity, antitumor efficacy, and survival advantage in melanoma and HNC tumor models, suggesting a potential use of these oncolytic agents for the treatment of melanoma and HNCs.
Effects of C-type natriuretic peptide on ionic currents in mouse sinoatrial node: a role for the NPR-C receptor (2004)

The effects of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) on heart rate and ionic currents were demonstrated by recording the ECG from adult mice and performing voltage-clamp experiments on single sinoatrial (SA) node cells isolated from mouse heart. The selective natriuretic peptide type C receptor (NPR-C) agonist cANF (10(-7) M) significantly decreased heart rate in the presence of isoproterenol (5 x 10(-9) M), as indicated by an increase in the R-R interval of ECGs obtained from Langendorff-perfused hearts. Voltage-clamp measurements in enzymatically isolated single pacemaker myocytes revealed that CNP (10(-8) M) and cANF (10(-8) M) significantly inhibited L-type Ca2+ current [ICa(L)]. These findings suggest that the CNP effect on this current is mediated by NPR-C. Further support for an NPR-C-mediated inhibition of ICa(L) in SA node myocytes was obtained by altering the functional coupling between the G protein Gi and NPR-C. In these experiments, a "Gi-activator peptide," which consists of a 17-amino acid segment of NPR-C containing a specific Gi protein-activator sequence, was dialyzed into SA node myocytes. This peptide decreased ICa(L) significantly, suggesting that NPR-C activation can result in a reduction in ICa(L) when CNP is bound and the Gi protein pathway is activated. This effect of CNP appears to be selective for ICa(L), because the hyperpolarization-activated current was unaffected by CNP or cANF. These results provide the first demonstration that CNP has a negative chronotropic effect on heart rate and suggest that this effect is mediated by selectively activating NPR-C and reducing ICa(L) through coupling to Gi protein.
Radiance of small-area high-current-density electroluminescent diodes (1972)

Optical power radiated into a solid angle per unit area of emitting surface (radiance) is a basic measure of the usefulness of an electroluminescent device to be used as a communications-system source. Dc radiance values from about 20 to more than 100 W/sr/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> have been obtained for various small-area GaAs and AlGaAs diodes operated at current densities that yielded an operating half-life of at least several thousand hours. These radiance values are two to three orders of magnitude larger than those obtained with relatively large-area commercial light-emitting diode (LED) indicator lamps.