gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Full-Duplex Infrastructure Nodes: Achieving Long Range with Half-duplex Mobiles (2012)

One of the primary sources of inefficiency in today's wireless networks is the half-duplex constraint - the assumption that nodes cannot transmit and receive simultaneously in the same band. The reason for this constraint and the hurdle to full-duplex operation is self-interference: a node's transmit signal appears at its own receiver with very high power, desensitizing the receiver electronics and precluding the reception of a packet from a distant node. Recent research has demonstrated that full-duplex can indeed be feasible by employing a combination of analog and digital self-interference cancellation mechanisms. However, two glaring limitations remain. The first is that the full-duplex state-of-the-art requires at least two antennas and extra RF resources that space-constrained mobile devices may not be able to accommodate. The second limitation is range: current full-duplex demonstrations have been for ranges less than 10~m. At longer distances nodes must transmit with higher power to overcome path loss, and the power differential between the self-interference and the signal-of-interest becomes more that the current cancellation mechanisms can handle. We therefore present engineering solutions for answering the following driving questions: (a) can we leverage full-duplex in a network consisting mostly of half-duplex mobiles? and (b) can we extend the range of full-duplex by achieving self-interference suppression sufficient for full-duplex to outperform half-duplex at ranges exceeding 100 m? In answer to the first question, we propose moving the burden of full-duplexing solely to access points (APs), enabling the AP to boost network throughput by receiving an uplink signal from one half-duplex mobile, while simultaneously transmitting a downlink signal to another half-duplex mobile in the same band. In answer to the second question we propose an AP antenna architecture that uses a careful combination of three mechanisms for passive suppression of self-interference: directional isolation, absorptive shielding, and cross-polarization. Results from a 20 MHz OFDM prototype demonstrate that the proposed AP architecture can achieve 90+ dB total self-interference suppression, enabling >50% uplink rate gains over half-duplex for ranges up to 150 m.
Short-Circuiting the Molecular Wire:  Cooperative Binding of Δ-[Ru(phen)<sub>2</sub>dppz]<sup>2+</sup> and Δ-[Rh(phi)<sub>2</sub>bipy]<sup>3+</sup> to DNA (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTShort-Circuiting the Molecular Wire: Cooperative Binding of Δ-[Ru(phen)2dppz]2+ and Δ-[Rh(phi)2bipy]3+ to DNAPer Lincoln, Eimer Tuite, and Bengt NordénView Author Information Department of Physical Chemistry Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 6, 1454–1455Publication Date (Web):February 12, 1997Publication History Received11 September 1996Published online12 February 1997Published inissue 1 February 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9631965https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9631965rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views689Altmetric-Citations248LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Charge transfer,Cooperativity,Genetics,Luminescence,Quenching Get e-Alerts
Oncolysis of canine tumor cells by myxoma virus lacking the serp2 gene (2012)

Results of the present study indicated myxoma viruses lacking the serp2 gene may be useful for treatment of cancer in dogs. Impact for Human Medicine-Results of the present study may be useful for development of novel oncolytic treatments for tumors in humans.
Another view of older consumers and catalog shopping (1991)

This article presents the results of a study of older consumers in which catalog users were compared with catalog nonusers. Using a national sample of over 700 older men and women, catalog users and nonusers were compared on an array of psychographic, activity, and media-usage variables. Differences between catalog users and nonusers were evident in all three areas. Compared to catalog nonusers, catalog users were found to be more venturesome, more fashion-conscious, more open to change, and more socially engaged. In addition to these psychographic differences, a number of significant differences in the areas of lifestyle activities and media usage were found relative to potential advertising strategy. Finally, several interesting parallels between this study and previous studies of older consumers are discussed.
Imaging Breathing Rate in the CO<inf>2</inf>Absorption Band (2005)

Following up on our previous work, we have developed one more non-contact method to measure human breathing rate. We have retrofitted our Mid-Wave Infra-Red (MWIR) imaging system with a narrow band-pass filter in the CO<inf>2</inf>absorption band (4.3 µm). This improves the contrast between the foreground (i.e., expired air) and background (e.g., wall). Based on the radiation information within the breath flow region, we get the mean dynamic thermal signal. This signal is quasi-periodic due to the interleaving of high and low intensities corresponding to expirations and inspirations respectively. We sample the signal at a constant rate and then determine the breathing frequency through Fourier analysis. We have performed experiments on 9 subjects at distances ranging from 6-8 ft. We compared the breathing rate computed by our novel method with ground-truth measurements obtained via a traditional contact device (PowerLab/4SP from ADInstruments with an abdominal transducer). The results show high correlation between the two modalities. For the first time, we report a Fourier based breathing rate computation method on a MWIR signal in the CO<inf>2</inf>absorption band. The method opens the way for desktop, unobtrusive monitoring of an important vital sign, that is, breathing rate. It may find widespread applications in preventive medicine as well as sustained physiological monitoring of subjects suffering from chronic ailments.
Business Information in the Internet Age: the Annual Business Information Resources Survey, 1999 (1999)

Surveys the use of business information in UK libraries, based on a questionnaire mailed in January 1999 to 712 libraries.
Investigación - acción para diseñar curso virtual sobre creatividad empresarial agropecuaria (2006)

Modern educational activity requires the application of procedures and methodologies to help its projections to reach all kind of people. One of the aspects that may contribute to this purpose is to include virtual processes. In the second stage of the research project entitled «Application of a creativity model to update the administrative teaching in Colombian agricultural entrepreneurial systems» there was a specific objective aimed at the production of a virtual course as an appropriate complement to the results obtained in the first phase of the project. Thus, a work including the following points was developed: 1. Selection and preparation of contents (the book «Entrepreneurial creativity for agricultural education», produced in the first stage of the project was taken as a reference). 2. Organization of a method to study this book. 3. Definition of the characteristics and conditions of the students at the beginning of this teaching learning process (it wanted to reach all kind of people in two situations: creation of entrepreneurial projects or improvement of existing companies) 4. Learning evaluation activities through virtual procedures were designed; additionally different internet links related with creativity were chosen. In all this process technicians associated to the teaching office of the La Salle University constantly participated incorporating New Technologies of Information and Communication (NTIC). The new course was creativity bases to concrete personal and entrepreneurial projects. Its contents have been applied in 2004 and 2005 with undergraduate and graduate students getting excellent results.
Penetration of Gold Nanoparticles through Human Skin: Unraveling Its Mechanisms at the Molecular Scale (2016)

Recent experimental studies suggest that nanosized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are able to penetrate into the deeper layer (epidermis and dermis) of rat and human skin. However, the mechanisms by which these AuNPs penetrate and disrupt the skin's lipid matrix are not well understood. In this study, we have used computer simulations to explore the translocation and the permeation of AuNPs through the model skin lipid membrane using both unconstrained and constrained coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. Each AuNP (1-6 nm) disrupted the bilayer packing and entered the interior of the bilayer rapidly (within 100 ns). It created a hydrophobic vacancy in the bilayer, which was mostly filled by skin constituents. Bigger AuNPs induced changes in the bilayer structure, and undulations were observed in the bilayer. The bilayer exhibited self-healing properties; it retained its original form once the simulation was run further after the removal of the AuNPs. Constrained simulation results showed that there was a trade-off between the kinetics and thermodynamics of AuNP permeation at a molecular scale. The combined effect of both resulted in a high permeation of small-sized AuNPs. The molecular-level information obtained through our simulations offers a very convenient method to design novel drug delivery systems and effective cosmetics.
Seminar on writing-improvement programs for engineers-A report (1964)

This paper reports the significant results of the Seminar on Writing-Improvement Programs for Engineers held in New York City on February 24-25, 1964. It includes an evaluation of the degree of need for better writing by engineers, as well as the specific areas that need attention. It summarizes the major features of various writing-improvement programs described at the seminar, covering both subject content and administration. It concludes with a consensus of the views of both the speakers and the audience at the seminar as to the effectiveness of the training programs described, together with the recommendations developed for future action.
Expander graph based overlapped chunked codes (2012)

Chunked codes are a variation of random linear network codes with low computational complexities. In chunked codes, the packets in a file are grouped into small (non-overlapped or overlapped) chunks, and random linear encoding operations are performed within each chunk. Previous studies show that when the chunk size is lower bounded by some increasing function of the file length, chunked codes asymptotically achieve the min-cut capacity. However, in most real applications, the chunk size is required to be a small constant due to the computational constraints of network devices. In this case, it remains unknown which rates can be achieved by chunked codes. In this paper, we address the analysis and design of chunked codes with fixed constant chunk sizes. We first highlight the importance of precoding for chunked codes to achieve constant rates, and then present an analysis of non-overlapped chunked (NOC) codes with precoding. We further introduce a new class of chunked codes, called EOC codes, which are based on expander graphs to form overlapped chunks. Numerical and simulation results show that EOC codes achieve significantly higher rates than NOC codes, and also outperform other state-of-the-art overlapped chunked codes.
Monitoring of TPMT in Heart Transplant Recipients under Immunosuppressive Therapy with Azathioprine (1995)

Azathioprine (AZA) is routinely used in double and triple immunosuppressive therapy after cardiac transplantation. In some cases it causes severe myelosuppression. The interindividual differences in AZA toxicity is probably due to differences in the drug metabolism. Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) is thought to be the most important enzyme in the catabolism of AZA. A deficiency in this enzyme will presumably increase the availability of 6-mercaptopurine for the anabolic pathway thereby leading to increased cytotoxicity. A 65-year-old male underwent heart transplantation at our institution with an uncomplicated course. Immunosuppression consisted of cyclosporine, prednisolone, and AZA. Several weeks after the administration of AZA, the patient developed severe leukopenia. TPMT activity was then measured in this patient and found to be below the detection limit. Subsequently the patient died from multiorgan failure due to septicaemia. As a result of this experience, we started to screen all patients for TPMT deficiency. In 58 healthy controls, the mean activity was found to be 11.8 nmol/h/ml of red blood cells (RBC) while in 13 patients on our waiting list, the mean activity was found to be 11.97 nmol/h/ml of RBC. In 15 patients after heart transplantation and azathioprine treatment, the mean activity was found to be 17.2 nmol/h/ml of RBC. We suggest screening for TPMT activity in transplant patients with leukopenia under AZA therapy. If TPMT deficiency is present, the AZA dosage should be adjusted or alternative immunosuppressive regimens should be considered.
Voltage Stability Analysis of a Multiple-Infeed Load Center Using Phasor Measurement Data (2006)

Voltage stability is a security concern for modern power systems. It can be analyzed using detailed or equivalent models. In this paper a new approach is presented for voltage stability analysis using synchronized phasor measurement data. Simple equivalent models of the interconnected system and load side at a measurement point are estimated from the data, and then used for calculating PV curves and predicting the stability limit. Two different models are proposed, and compared based on the analyses performed on the event recordings from US western power system. Minimal modeling and formulation makes the method suitable for online calculations. The models are continuously updated to reflect the effects of different system components and changes
Subband-based speech recognition (2002)

In the framework of hidden Markov models (HMM) or hybrid HMM/artificial neural network (ANN) systems, we present a new approach towards automatic speech recognition (ASR). The general idea is to divide up the full frequency band (represented in terms of critical bands) into several subbands, compute phone probabilities for each subband on the basis of subband acoustic features, perform dynamic programming independently for each band, and merge the subband recognizers (recombining the respective, possibly weighted, scores) at some segmental level corresponding to temporal anchor points. The results presented in this paper confirm some preliminary tests reported earlier. On both isolated word and continuous speech tasks, it is indeed shown that even using quite simple recombination strategies, this subband ASR approach can yield at least comparable performance on clean speech while providing better robustness in the case of narrowband noise.
Construction and Characterization of E.coli PGDH Mutants with Feedback-inhibition Resistance (2006)

In order to obtain E.coli PGDH mutants with feedback-inhibition resistance, PCR mutagenesis was used to construct three mutants on the basis of homology of protein structure and the related PGDH amino acid sequences: M1(serA mutant with aa410 deleted), M2 (serA mutant with aa407～410 deleted), M3(serA mutant with aa337～410 deleted). The three mutant genes and wild type gene were inserted into prokaryotic fusion-expression vector pET22b(+). The expressed products were purified by NTA-Ni affinity chromatography resin in native condition. Catalytic activities of M3 retained only 83% of the wild type, but the activities of M1 and M2 were retained. M3 showed the complete feedback-resistance, M1 and M2 also showed resistance to some extent. Ki value of M0, M1, M2 were about 7 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L, 50 μmol/L, respectively. This result means that PGDH C-terminal residues 1～4 have a profound effect on the interaction between L-serine and R regulatory region.
Thymidylate Synthase Gene Polymorphism Predicts Toxicity in Colorectal Cancer Patients Receiving 5-Fluorouracil-based Chemotherapy (2004)

This study demonstrated that TYMS genotyping could be of help in predicting toxicity to 5-FU-based chemotherapy. TYMS genotyping might make it possible to individualize treatment for patients with colorectal cancer.
<i>S</i> -Nitrosoalbumin–Mediated Relaxation Is Enhanced by Ascorbate and Copper (2004)

S-nitrosoalbumin (SNO-Alb) is a major reservoir of releasable nitric oxide (NO) in plasma. In preeclampsia, a pregnancy-specific disorder associated with endothelial dysfunction, we previously found significant elevations in plasma SNO-Alb concentrations and decreased plasma ascorbate (Asc) levels. This increased SNO-Alb may result from low-plasma Asc if Asc, along with transition metals (eg, copper [Cu]) are necessary for release of NO from S-nitrosothiols. We propose that vasodilator effects of SNO-Alb, mediated by release of NO, are fully realized only when Asc/Cu availability is sufficient. Relaxation responses to SNO-Alb or the control reduced human serum albumin (SH-Alb), and responses to pooled plasma from normal or preeclamptic pregnancies were examined in isolated mouse arteries. Arteries preconstricted with phenylephrine were exposed to SNO-Alb or SH-Alb at physiologically relevant concentrations. When free Cu was added in excess (10 mumol/L), NO release was not dependent on Asc. However, when Cu was added at lower (physiological) levels, NO release was dependent on Asc. The addition of Asc and Cu to SNO-Alb stimulated vasodilatory responses in isolated arteries >90%, whereas no change in the SH-Alb (5%) response was observed. Preeclampsia plasma with higher levels of SNO-Alb caused arteries to relax 44.1+/-4.7%, whereas normal pregnancy plasma caused 11.9+/-4.2% relaxation (P=0.007). These data indicate that SNO-Alb alone or in plasma can act as a potent vasodilator, and that sufficient Asc/Cu promotes this action. We suggest that the higher circulating levels of SNO-Alb, in women with preeclampsia, reflect a deficiency in Asc/Cu-mediated release of NO from SNO-Alb.
Allele frequencies of polymorphisms of the tumour necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐10, interferon‐γ and interleukin‐2 genes in a North European Caucasoid group from the UK (2000)

Cytokine gene polymorphisms affecting cytokine production may influence rejection and graft-versus-host disease following solid organ and haemopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, respectively. Polymorphisms in the regulatory regions of several cytokine genes have been described; for example, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) has a G/A substitution at position -308, interleukin-2 (IL-2) has a T/G substitution at position -330 and interleukin-10 (IL-10) has substitutions at positions -1082(G/A), -819(C/T) and -592(C/A). Microsatellites associated with cytokine production have been detected in the first intron of the IFN-gamma gene and flanking the TNF-alpha gene. In this study, we have genotyped a single panel of healthy Northern European Caucasoids living in the south-east of England for the above-mentioned polymorphisms and compared the results to those published for other populations. A PCR method using sequence-specific primers (SSP) was developed for genotyping the IL-2 polymorphism, and the ABI PRISMtrade mark 310 genetic analyser was used to detect the TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma microsatellites. The allele frequencies of all the studied polymorphisms were consistent with those reported for other UK Caucasoid populations, but differences were observed when compared to other Oriental, African and Caucasoid groups. If these cytokine polymorphisms prove to have functional consequences, then any differences across population groups may have significant clinical relevance in disease and in the outcome of solid organ and HSC transplantation.
Vaginal micronized progesterone in continuous hormone replacement therapy. A prospective randomized study. (2002)

Micronized progesterone, cyclically administered in the form of a vaginal cream, offers an acceptable and effective alternative for women on continuous HRT wishing to maintain their monthly cycle.
Republished review: Gene therapy for ocular diseases (2011)

The eye is an easily accessible, highly compartmentalised and immune-privileged organ that offers unique advantages as a gene therapy target. Significant advancements have been made in understanding the genetic pathogenesis of ocular diseases, and gene replacement and gene silencing have been implicated as potentially efficacious therapies. Recent improvements have been made in the safety and specificity of vector-based ocular gene transfer methods. Proof-of-concept for vector-based gene therapies has also been established in several experimental models of human ocular diseases. After nearly two decades of ocular gene therapy research, preliminary successes are now being reported in phase 1 clinical trials for the treatment of Leber congenital amaurosis. This review describes current developments and future prospects for ocular gene therapy. Novel methods are being developed to enhance the performance and regulation of recombinant adeno-associated virus- and lentivirus-mediated ocular gene transfer. Gene therapy prospects have advanced for a variety of retinal disorders, including retinitis pigmentosa, retinoschisis, Stargardt disease and age-related macular degeneration. Advances have also been made using experimental models for non-retinal diseases, such as uveitis and glaucoma. These methodological advancements are critical for the implementation of additional gene-based therapies for human ocular diseases in the near future.