gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The 'Creative Bureaucrat': Conflicts in the Production of Soviet Communist Party Discourse (2008)

Abstract The paper explores the politics of language of the Soviet Communist Party bureaucracy. It argues against the recent conceptualisation of late socialist discourse as basically 'performative', i.e. as a vehicle for action that was virtually independent of its propositional dimension. Contrary to this, it is suggested that if the analysis is broadened to include the process of producing texts (drafts, censored passages, oral discussions, etc.) we see marked concern, and, indeed, conflict over the ideological meaning of the content. The argument is made through detailed analysis of the memoirs of one Party official, Georgii Lukich Smirnov. This case also shows that Party cadres were far from 'faceless' or without feelings. The ideological battles throughout the late Soviet period, which scarred Smirnov, were what led to perestroika (reconstruction) and glasnost' (transparency) under Gorbachev.
Emerging technologies and web accessibility: research challenges and opportunities focussing on vision issues (2010)

This is a technological review paper focussed on identifying both the research challenges and opportunities for further investigation arising from emerging technologies, and it does not aim to propose any recommendation or standard. It is focussed on blind and partially sighted World Wide Web (Web) users along with others who use assistive technologies. The Web is a fast moving interdisciplinary domain in which new technologies, techniques and research is in perpetual development. It is often difficult to maintain a holistic view of new developments within the multiple domains which together make up the Web. This suggests that knowledge of the current developments and predictions of future developments are additionally important for the accessibility community. Web accessibility has previously been characterised by the correction of our past mistakes to make the current Web fulfil the original vision of access for all. New technologies were not designed with accessibility in mind and technologies that could be useful for addressing accessibility issues were not identified or adopted by the accessibility community. We wish to enable the research community to undertake preventative measures and proactively address challenges, while recognising opportunities, before they become unpreventable or require retrospective technological enhancement. This article then reviews emerging trends within the Web and Web Accessibility domains.
Micro Fluxgate Magnetic Sensor Interface Circuits Using .DELTA..SIGMA. Modulation. (1997)

This paper presents high-resolution micro fluxgate magnetic sensor interface circuits using 2nd-order ΔΣ modulation. The fluxgate sensing element is placed in modulation loop in order to reduce the instability due to the use of ferromagnetic core. As one of the integrators, a continuous-time integrator is used, and that is also used for the anti-aliasing filter for phase sensitive detector output. The oversampling A/D conversion using the 2nd-order ΔΣ modulation is useful for the high-precision detection of extremely weak magnetic field in the order of nanotesla. The interface LSI chip using ΔΣ modulation is designed and fabricated. The magnetic field measurement is successfully performed using the fabricated interface LSI chip and a fluxgate sensing element.
Disk array performance in a random IO environment (1989)

Large arrays of disks have been proposed as a way to meet the need for increasing IO bandwidth. This paper examines disk array performance in a random IO environment. It also presents the results of performance testing using the Prime IOBENCH&trade; benchmark on a combination of disk striping, RAID 1, and RAID 5 disk arrays. It concludes, that for a given number of disk drives, that both RAID 1 and RAID 5 have acceptable performance in a read environment, while RAID 5 degrades significantly in an update intensive environment.
Engineering of small IgG binding domains for antibody labelling and purification (2016)

In protein engineering, rational design and selection from combinatorial libraries are methods used to develop proteins with new or improved features. A very important protein for the biological sciences is the antibody that is used as a detecting agent in numerous laboratory assays. Antibodies used for these purposes are often ”man-made”, by immunising animals with the desired target, or by selections from combinatorial libraries. Naturally, antibodies are part of the immune defence protecting us from foreign attacks from e.g. bacteria or viruses. Some bacteria have evolved surface proteins that can bind to proteins abundant in the blood, like antibodies and serum albumin. By doing so, the bacteria can cover themselves in the host’s own proteins and through that evade being detected by the immune system. Two such proteins are Protein A from Staphylococcus aureus and Protein G from group C and G Streptococci. Both these proteins contain domains that bind to antibodies, one of which is denoted C2 (from Protein G) and another B (from Protein A). The B domain have been further engineered to the Z domain. In this thesis protein engineering has been used to develop variants of the C2 and Z domains for site-specific labelling of antibodies and for antibody purification with mild elution. By taking advantage of the domains’ inherent affinity for antibodies, engineering and design of certain amino acids or protein motifs of the domains have resulted in proteins with new properties. A photo crosslinking amino acid, p-benzoylphenylalanine, have been introduced at different positions to the C2 domain, rendering three new protein domains that can be used for site-specific labelling of antibodies at the Fc or Fab fragment. These domains were used for labelling antibodies with lanthanides and used for detection in a multiplex immunoassay. Moreover, a library of calcium-binding loops was grafted onto the Z domain and used for selection of a domain that binds antibodies in a calcium dependent manner. This engineered protein domain can be used for the purification of antibodies using milder elution conditions, by calcium removal, as compared to traditional antibody purification.
Spirituality and the Dying Patient (2000)

Article Tools ART OF ONCOLOGY: WHEN THE TUMOR IS NOT THE TARGET Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2000.18.9.2000 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 10784643 Spirituality and the Dying Patient Paul RousseauxPaul RousseauSearch for articles by this author Show More From the Veterans Administration Medical Center and RTA HospicePhoenix; Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Glendale; and Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2000.18.9.2000 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2000 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Trends and Variations in the Use of Spine Surgery (2006)

Examining trends and geographic variations in clinical care offers insights into changes in clinical decision making. We summarized data on spine surgical rates, trends, and variations in the United States to highlight areas of professional uncertainty and questions for future research. The United States has the highest rate of spine surgery in the world, but spine surgery shows wider geographic variations than most other procedures. For example, Medicare data for 2001 showed sixfold variations in spine surgery rates among United States cities, and 10-fold variations in spine fusion rates. United States spine surgery rates rose 55% in the 1980s. In the 1990s, studies of surgical rates became more difficult because 20% of discectomies shifted to an out-patient setting. Extrapolations from states with ambulatory surgery data suggest overall lumbar surgery rates continued to rise throughout the 1990s. The most rapid increase was for spinal fusion, which tripled during the 1990s and accounted for an increasing proportion of all spine procedures. Some increases coincided with the introduction of new surgical implants. Despite new technologies, rates of repeat surgery after fusion were no lower than the rates after decompression alone. As new technology for spine surgery is introduced at an accelerating pace, we anticipate substantial changes in surgery patterns. Analysis of population-based data may be useful for surveillance of changes and their impacts.
Clonal Determination of Uterine Leiomyomas by Analyzing Differential Inactivation of the X-Chromosome-Linked Phosphoglycerokinase Gene (1995)

To investigate the clonality of uterine leiomyomas, we developed a PCR-based method involving the differential inactivation of the X-chromosome-linked phosphoglycerokinase (PGK) gene. Small DNA samples of 22 leiomyomas from 9 Japanese patients, showing heterozygosity at the BstXI site of the PGK gene, were digested with the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme HpaII. Only the inactive (methylated) PGK gene allele was selectively amplified by PCR followed by digestion with BstXI and electrophoresis. All leiomyoma samples consisted of a single type of inactive allele, even though alleles were detected that were specific to each nodule. The results indicated that all leiomyoma nodules were unicellular in origin but independently generated in the uterus.
High-energy 266-nm picosecond pulse generation from a narrow spectral bandwidth gain-switched LD MOPA (2013)

We generated 45-μJ 266-nm picosecond optical pulses at 100-kHz repetition rate by fourth-harmonic generation of 150-μJ, 72-ps, 1064-nm optical output from a narrow spectral bandwidth hybrid MOPA seeded by a gain-switched laser diode.
An Analysis of Trapping Effect on Hydrogen Diffusion in Cold Rolled Palladium (1985)

The applicability of the "two-energy-level" trap model for hydrogen diffusion proposed by one of the present authors to the experimental diffusivity data for cold rolled palladium was examined, together with the both models of Oriani and McLellan. The present model provided a better description of the experimental results. The trap interaction energy and trap density in cold rolled palladium was determined to be ⊿GtH,l=-8.4kJ mol-1 and ft=2.9×10-2 respectively.
Towards an Efficient Memory Architecture for Video Decoding Systems (2012)

Multimedia applications are known to use large amounts of memory. The video modules need also high throughput memory port for coding and decoding high resolution video sequences. The design of a multimedia System-on-Chip (SoC) could implement embedded block RAMs but it is much more cost-effective to use a single external memory at the expense of a multichannel memory controller. This paper presents the design and implementation of an efficient memory hierarchy for a Set-Top Box (STB) SoC with a video decoder. To use efficiently the Double Data Rate (DDR) external memory it must be accessed in burst mode whenever possible. In this paper we develop an analysis and implementation of a four level memory hierarchy targeting data latency reduction and bandwidth optimization of the memory port. The case study is DDR2 SDRAM memory used as the main system video memory in a digital television set-top box implemented on a Virtex-5 FPGA. This paper presents the architecture of the system and shows that the memory hierarchy efficiently uses the DDR characteristics while serving four client processes. The proposed memory architecture can reduce data latency in 78% when compared to a direct demand-access procedure.
Skin Effect in Anisotropic Plasmas and Resonance Excitation of Electron-Cyclotron Waves. I. Theory (1966)

The complete electromagnetic field has been calculated within a homogeneous infinite two-dimensional plasma sheath with a perpendicularly applied static magnetic field. The plasma is produced by a high-frequency electromagnetic field at the surface. When the electron-cyclotron frequency is greater than the frequency of the applied high-frequency electromagnetic field at the surface, the refractive index of the medium becomes real for the right-hand polarized wave and one has an increased penetration of high-frequency energy into the interior of the plasma. It is also possible for the refractive index to reach a value such that the thickness of the plasma sheath is half a wavelength. In this case, resonance effects should be expected for the electron-cyclotron wave which propagates in the plasma.
Patent search and review on roller-bit bearings seals and lubrication systems. [State-of-the-art] (1975)

Over 300 patents on bit design were reviewed, and the more important ones were abstracted. These patents were divided into three groups dealing with roller bit bearings, seals, and lubrication systems. Review of these patents helps identify the problems encountered by previous bit designers and establishes the current state-of-the-art of roller bit design. This report can be used as a reference for designing improved bits both for the petroleum and the geothermal industries.
Responsive Web Design – Evaluation of Techniques to Optimize Load Time (2013)

Responsive Web Design has, in short time, become a common method to create websites that automatically adapt the layout to different screen sizes. However, critique has been raised about poor performance due to large page size and high number of requests to the web server. The aim of this study is to evaluate techniques to optimize the load time of a responsive website. This is done by creating a prototype in the form of a responsive website, which is used as a base for the optimization. Tests are performed by measuring the page size and the number of requests when using four different optimization techniques. The results show that combining optimization techniques can dramatically reduce the page size and the number of requests. Consequently, this has a positive impact on the load time of the website. Furthermore, the Mobile First approach is important in responsive web design as it prioritizes the use of mobile devices and as a result highlights the significance of web performance. It is also suggested to set a Performance Budget early in web development projects in order to avoid slow websites and spread awareness about the importance of performance.
Relative Acidities of 5-(Substituted Phenyl)amino-4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazoles (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRelative Acidities of 5-(Substituted Phenyl)amino-4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazolesEUGENE LIEBER, C. N. R. RAO, T. S. CHAO, and J. RAMACHANDRANCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 12, 1916–1918Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1958https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01106a025RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views100Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (344 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Mitotic defects in XRCC3 variants T241M and D213N and their relation to cancer susceptibility (2006)

The XRCC3 variant T241M, but not D213N, has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of some cancers. XRCC3 is one out of five RAD51 paralogues and is involved in homologous recombination, as are the BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins. However, in contrast to mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2, the XRCC3(T241M) protein is proficient in homologous recombination and reverts sensitivity to mitomycin C found in XRCC3-deficient cells, whereas XRCC3(D213N) is defective in homologous recombination. Here, we report that both the XRCC3 D213N and T241M alleles are associated with an increase in centrosome number and binucleated cells. However, only the D213N allele gives an increase in spontaneous levels of apoptosis. We suggest that the inability of XRCC3 T241M to apoptotically eliminate aberrant cells with mitotic defects could increase cancer susceptibility in individuals carrying this variant. In contrast, cells carrying the XRCC3 D213N variant are able to eliminate aberrant cells by apoptosis, and consistent with this observation, this variant does not seem to be associated with cancer susceptibility.
Effects of Monastral blue on pulmonary arterial blood pressure and lung and liver particle retention in chickens (1999)

The effects of intravenous administration of the vascular tracer Monastral blue (MB) on pulmonary arterial blood pressure and the retention of MB by lung and liver were assessed in anesthetized White Leghorn cocks. Pulmonary arterial blood pressure and systemic blood pressure were measured by direct cannulation. Administration of MB alone had no effect on either pulmonary arterial blood pressure or systemic arterial blood pressure; however, following pretreatment with endotoxin (ENDO), infusion of MB caused a rapid and transient increase in pulmonary arterial blood pressure. Histological examination of lungs and liver from these animals showed a greater accumulation of MB in liver than in lung, in which virtually no MB was observed by light microscopy. The relative amounts of MB in lung and liver were measured by atomic emission spectrophotometry in animals given MB alone and following ENDO pretreatment. In either case the total amount of MB retained by the lungs was less than 2% of the injected dose, whereas liver retention of MB was approximately 88% in those birds given MB alone and 80% in those pretreated with ENDO. The results of this study suggest that chickens do not possess reactive pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMS), as, in those species in which reactive PIMS are present, injection of MB alone causes a marked increase in pulmonary arterial blood pressure and substantial lung retention of the tracer.
Pulse chirp control in an actively modelocked fibrelaser using a dual-drive variable-chirp modulator (2000)

It has been experimentally demonstrated that the chirp imposed on the pulses from an actively modelocked erbium fibre ring laser can be controlled by using a dual-drive variable-chirp modulator as a modelocker.
In vivo inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B activation prevents inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and systemic hypotension in a rat model of septic shock (1997)

We determined the in vivo function of LPS-induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation in mediating inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and protein expression, and systemic arterial hypotension in a rat model of septic shock. LPS (8 mg/kg i.v.) challenge of rats activated NF-kappa B within 15 min in lung tissue, and the response persisted up to 4 h. NF-kappa B activation preceded the induction of iNOS mRNA. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an inhibitor of NF-kappa B effective in cellular studies, prevented NF-kappa B activation in vivo and reduced iNOS mRNA expression and the increase in iNOS activity activated by LPS. At PDTC concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, the reductions of iNOS mRNA were 20, 46, and 48%, and the reductions in iNOS activity were 59, 66, and 75%, respectively. The PDTC concentration-dependent reductions in iNOS activity produced similar decreases in plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations. PDTC also prevented the decrease in arterial blood pressure induced by LPS. These results demonstrate that activation of NF-kappa B is a critical in vivo regulatory mechanism mediating LPS-induced iNOS expression and the resultant systemic hypotension.
A nanomolecular approach to decrease adhesion of biofouling-producing bacteria to graphene-coated material (2015)

Our results demonstrate that graphene coatings reduce considerably adhesion and expression levels of adhesion genes of biofilm-producing bacteria Halomonas spp. CAM2. Hydrophobic-hydrophilic interaction and repulsive electrostatic force dominate the interactions between Halomonas spp. CAM2 and material surface in saline media, impacting the final adhesion process. In addition no bactericide effect of graphene coatings was observed. The effect over biofilm formation is localized right at coated surface, in contrast to other antifouling techniques currently used, such as biocides.
Growth Hormone Therapy in Turner's Syndrome (1992)

Biosynthetic growth hormone in a higher-frequency regimen in Turner's syndrome is more efficient in terms of increment in height, growth velocity, and height standard deviation score for bone age than treatment in a lower-frequency regimen. In patients with an initial bone age of more than 13 years, the response was poor. Longer follow-up is necessary to assess the effect on final height.
Expression of BCL-2 protein enhances the survival of mouse fibrosarcoid cells in tumor necrosis factor-mediated cytotoxicity. (1993)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) kills some types of tumor cells in vitro and participates in tumor elimination in vivo. TNF has been shown to kill cells by altering their mitochondria structurally and functionally. The oncogene BCL-2 codes for a protein located in the inner membrane of mitochondria which is able to inhibit the commitment to cell death in various cell types. We have therefore investigated whether TNF-mediated killing of the cell line L929 could be modulated by expression of the protein BCL-2. We report here that L929 cells transfected with a BCL-2 expression vector have an increased survival compared to wild type cells after TNF challenge. The protective effect is greatest at moderate TNF concentrations and is still significant at concentrations that killed 100% of wild type cells. The action of BCL-2 is selective inasmuch as cells are not protected against other cytotoxic agents blocking various mitochondrial functions. We show that cells expressing BCL-2 have a higher mitochondrial membrane potential (delta psi) than wild type cells. The increase in delta psi could be linked with the enhanced survival of cells after TNF challenge. Indeed, we found that treatment of wild type L929 cells with the ionophore nigericin, which increases delta psi, protects them even at high TNF concentrations.
An equation for the conductivity of binary mixtures with anisotropic grain structures (1987)

An equation is presented which describes the conductivity (resistivity) of a wide variety of binary macroscopic mixtures as a function of the conductivities (resistivities) of the components, the volume (area) fraction of each, and two parameters. Unlike in an earlier version, the granular shape of at least one component is no longer required to be roughly spherical (circular). One parameter is the critical volume (area) fraction. The other, the exponent, is a combination of effective demagnetisation coefficients and the critical fraction. The equation, which is valid for all volume fractions, is shown to fit a variety of experimental data very well. Some deductions about the shape of the grains in the media can be made by analysing the experimental results.
Overexpression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 with trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma as a target for epigenetic therapy (2011)

These findings reveal that adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells have deregulated Polycomb repressive complex 2 with over-expressed Enhancer of zeste homolog 2, and that there is the possibility of a new therapeutic strategy targeting histone methylation in this disease.