gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oral Transmucosal Etomidate in Volunteers  (1998)

Oral transmucosal etomidate produces dose-related increases in sedation and clinically significant serum concentrations with minimal side effects. The time course of these effects suggests that OTET might be useful when brief mild to moderate sedation with rapid recovery is desirable. Further development of this novel dosage form is warranted.
The orientation and construction of high efficiency passive radar targets (1965)

A study of the conventional meteorological radar target, aluminized paper over an inverted tetrahedral wood frame, shows that it has very poor performance at low angles of elevation in precisely the region where it is likely to move out of radar range in clear weather. An octahedral target, constructed from the same materials, but having a different orientation, has a much improved performance over this conventional target at low elevations. The dihedral reflection is the most important factor in this improved performance, but the better use of the standard trihedral reflection at these low elevations is also important. The downgrading of the reflections from a trihedral corner assembled in the field, usually taken to be 10 dB below that from a perfect trihedral, is overpessimistic; and at low angles of elevation, with the improved orientation of the target, a value of 5 dB is more realistic for maximum radar range calculations. Various uses of dihedral reflectors are discussed. It is pointed out that a square flat plate rotating about a diagonal would be a highly efficient tester of anechoic chambers.
Hydrogen evolution from plasma-deposited amorphous silicon films (1978)

The temperature dependence of hydrogen evolution from amorphous silicon films prepared by plasma deposition using a silane–argon mixture was studied by line-of-sight mass spectrometry. The structure changes accompanying hydrogen evolution were simultaneously studied with reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). Mass spectrometric analysis during linear temperature sweeps showed that H2 was the evolving species indicating that hydrogen atom recombination occurs prior to desorption. H or SiHx were not detected. The evolution spectrum consisted of two broad peaks. The temperature corresponding to the initiation of evolution, the maximum evolution rate and the termination of evolution were dependent on deposition parameters. Attempts at depopulating specific hydrogen binding states by isothermal heat treatments indicated the existence of a broad range of states. The amorphous to crystalline transition was initiated subsequent to hydrogen depletion and at 760° C+10° independent of deposition parameters.
Colour Characterisation of a High-Resolution Digital Camera (2002)

A calibrated monochromatic light source was used to characterise a high-resolution digital camera, by measuring RGB responses of the camera at successive wavelength intervals throughout the visible spectrum. The results were compared with those obtained by the conventional polynomial modelling technique on colour patches measured directly by the camera using a target. Analysis of the results indicated that accuracy of the modelling technique was lower because of flare and nonuniformities resulting from imaging of the whole chart.
Graduation rates, grade-point average, and changes of major of female and minority students entering engineering (2005)

This paper describes analysis of five cohorts of students matriculating into undergraduate engineering programs at nine southeastern universities from 1996-2002. We report retention by semester and graduation success as a percentage of all matriculated students. For students subsequently leaving engineering, we also report grade-point average, departure semester, and destination major. Statistical analyses determined which differences were significant between underrepresented and majority students. The results are compared to a previous study of engineering students at a private institution (University of Southern California). The most striking result was that the graduation rates both within engineering and elsewhere in the university are higher for female students than for males. This was true for both the current and previous data sets. Analysis of previous cohorts in the current data set indicates that this trend begins with the 1992 freshman cohort. Differences between the two studies indicate that students at the private university, particularly females, were quicker to switch out of engineering majors. In other words, retention rates in the first few semesters were lower at the private university than in the current study, though both sets converged to similar values by the junior year
Generation of formatters for context-free languages (1995)

Good documentation is important for the production of reusable and maintainable software. For the production of accurate documentation it is necessary that the original program text is not copied manually to obtain a typeset version. Aside of being tedious, this will invariably lead to errors. Tools that support the production of legible and accurate documentation are essential in software engineering. The production of such tools is a software engineering challenge in itself. We present an algebraic approach to the generation of tools that produce typographically effective presentations of computer programs. A specification of a formatter is generated from the context-free grammar of a programming language. These genererated formatters translate abstract syntax trees of programs into box expressions. These box expressions are translated by language independent interpreters of the box language into ascii or T E X. The formatting rules that are generated can easily be fine tuned in orde...
Interactions of IgM ABO antibodies and complement with methoxy‐PEG‐modified human RBCs (2001)

The enhanced lysis of CmPEG-RBCs in ABO-mismatched serum correlated with increased IgM binding and C3a generation and elevated C3b and C9 membrane deposition. While PEG modification effectively blocks non-ABO antigens, these data show that ABO matching is still required. Once ABO-matched, these modified RBCs retain great potential for the prevention of alloimmunization.
Ammonium salts as an inexpensive and convenient nitrogen source in the Cu-catalyzed amination of aryl halides at room temperature (2008)

Convenient and inexpensive ammonium salts such as NH(4)Cl and aqueous NH(3) solution are found to be readily utilized in the Cu-catalyzed room temperature N-arylation of aryl halides, providing N-unprotected aniline derivatives in high yields.
Advances in Flextensional Transducer Design (1979)

A continued need for wide-bandwidth, high-power transducers which are acoustically small has prompted the development of more advanced flextensional transducers. The direction of the newer designs is toward lower frequencies, lighter weight, and higher power densities. These gains have been made without sacrificing the low Q and physical ruggedness that characterize the flextensional approach. Some of the techniques discussed in the paper are the use of fibre-reinforced composite shell materials which can result in a lower frequency for a given size and lower Q and lighter weight for a given depth and frequency, and the effect of static and dynamic stresses on transducer depth, power, and endurance. The ideas presented are illustrated with test results on an actual unit and directions for future development in this area are outlined.
pH-based enzyme potentiometric sensors. Part 1. Theory (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTpH-based enzyme potentiometric sensors. Part 1. TheorySteve D. Caras, Jiri. Janata, Dietmar. Saupe, and Klaus. SchmittCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 9, 1917–1920Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00286a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00286a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views395Altmetric-Citations97LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phase II study of 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide (AMSA) in metastatic breast cancer. (1980)

A phase II study of 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide (AMSA) was carried out in previously treated patients with metastatic breast cancer. Four of 26 evaluable patients achieved partial responses and four showed minor responses. The maximum tolerated dose of AMSA was 30 mg/m2/day x 3 days and the dose-limiting toxic effect was myelosuppression. Two of the AMSA responders had not responded to initial therapy with an Adriamycin-containing regimen, indicating a lack of cross-resistance between these two DNA binders.
Two‐point water‐fat imaging with partially‐opposed‐phase (POP) acquisition: An asymmetric Dixon method (2006)

A novel two-point water-fat imaging method is introduced. In addition to the in-phase acquisition, water and fat magnetization vectors are sampled at partially-opposed-phase (POP) rather than exactly antiparallel as in the original Dixon method. This asymmetric sampling encodes more valuable phase information for identifying water and fat. From the magnitudes of the two complex images, a big and a small chemical component are first robustly obtained pixel by pixel and then used to form two possible error phasor candidates. The true error phasor is extracted from the two error phasor candidates through a simple procedure of regional iterative phasor extraction (RIPE). Finally, least-squares solutions of water and fat are obtained after the extracted error phasor is smoothed and removed from the complex images. For noise behavior, the effective number of signal averages NSA* is typically in the range of 1.87-1.96, very close to the maximum possible value of 2. Compared to earlier approaches, the proposed method is more efficient in data acquisition and straightforward in processing, and the final results are more robust. At both 1.5T and 0.3T, well separated and identified in vivo water and fat images covering a broad range of anatomical regions have been obtained, supporting the clinical utility of the method.
Acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (1998)

ALI and ARDS are better defined and understood than ever before, and their outcome has improved for unclear reasons.
A Commercial Microwave Oven Using a Near Field Applicator<sup>*</sup> (1974)

A new commercial microwave oven using a near field applicator instead of the common multi-mode resonant cavity principle is described. It offers advantages such as reduced edge heating effect, high microwave efficiency for small food loads and simplified microwave leakage control. The oven is adapted for reheating of pre-cooked food on a plate or in a paper-plastic container. The one-sided microwave penetration is considered a negligible drawback, as most load types for which the oven is used are thin and the use of plastic-paper containers eliminates the problems associated with metal foil containers.
Epidemiologic and immunologic characteristics of Streptococcus equi infection in foals. (1994)

A 2-phase study was performed to characterize the effects of Streptococcus equi infection in unexposed and previously exposed foals. In phase I, 22 weanling foals involved in a naturally occurring S equi epizootic were studied, along with a comparison group of 11 unexposed foals, matched for age, sex, and breed. Six months later (phase II), an epizootic was experimentally induced in previously exposed and unexposed foals from phase I. The prevalence and duration of clinical signs, the relative risk of developing disease, bacteriologic culture results, hematologic responses, and mucosal and serum immunologic responses were determined. Disease protection in phase-I and -II foals was associated with high values for serum S equi M protein-specific IgG at the onset of the epizootic (P < 0.02 for phase 1 and P < 0.01 for phase II), and with a rapid (within 2 weeks of exposure) mucosal S equi M protein-specific IgG response (P < 0.05 for phase I and P = 0.01 for phase II).
Gene Therapy by Targeted Adenovirus-mediated Knockdown of Pulmonary Endothelial Tph1 Attenuates Hypoxia-induced Pulmonary Hypertension (2012)

Serotonin is produced by pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAEC) via tryptophan hydroxylase-1 (Tph1). Pathologically, serotonin acts on underlying pulmonary arterial cells, contributing to vascular remodeling associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The effects of hypoxia on PAEC-Tph1 activity are unknown. We investigated the potential of a gene therapy approach to PAH using selective inhibition of PAEC-Tph1 in vivo in a hypoxic model of PAH. We exposed cultured bovine pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (bPASMCs) to conditioned media from human PAECs (hPAECs) before and after hypoxic exposure. Serotonin levels were increased in hypoxic PAEC media. Conditioned media evoked bPASMC proliferation, which was greater with hypoxic PAEC media, via a serotonin-dependent mechanism. In vivo, adenoviral vectors targeted to PAECs (utilizing bispecific antibody to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) as the selective targeting system) were used to deliver small hairpin Tph1 RNA sequences in rats. Hypoxic rats developed PAH and increased lung Tph1. PAEC-Tph1 expression and development of PAH were attenuated by our PAEC-Tph1 gene knockdown strategy. These results demonstrate that hypoxia induces Tph1 activity and selective knockdown of PAEC-Tph1 attenuates hypoxia-induced PAH in rats. Further investigation of pulmonary endothelial-specific Tph1 inhibition via gene interventions is warranted.
A glomerulus-on-a-chip to recapitulate the human glomerular filtration barrier (2019)

In this work we model the glomerular filtration barrier, the structure responsible for filtering the blood and preventing the loss of proteins, using human podocytes and glomerular endothelial cells seeded into microfluidic chips. In long-term cultures, cells maintain their morphology, form capillary-like structures and express slit diaphragm proteins. This system recapitulates functions and structure of the glomerulus, including permselectivity. When exposed to sera from patients with anti-podocyte autoantibodies, the chips show albuminuria proportional to patients' proteinuria, phenomenon not observed with sera from healthy controls or individuals with primary podocyte defects. We also show its applicability for renal disease modeling and drug testing. A total of 2000 independent chips were analyzed, supporting high reproducibility and validation of the system for high-throughput screening of therapeutic compounds. The study of the patho-physiology of the glomerulus and identification of therapeutic targets are also feasible using this chip.
Learning Vocabulary in Another Language. I.S.P. Nation (2002)

1 The Nottingham Trent University. Email: diane.schmitt@ntv.ac.uk
Interaction of Telomestatin with the Telomeric Single-strand Overhang (2004)

The extremities of chromosomes end in a G-rich single-stranded overhang that has been implicated in the onset of the replicative senescence. The repeated sequence forming a G-overhang is able to adopt a peculiar four-stranded DNA structure in vitro called a G-quadruplex, which is a poor substrate for telomerase. Small molecule ligands that selectively stabilize the telomeric G-quadruplex induce telomere shortening and a delayed growth arrest. Here we show that the G-quadruplex ligand telomestatin has a dramatic effect on the conformation of intracellular G-overhangs. Competition experiments indicate that telomestatin strongly binds in vitro and in vivo to the telomeric overhang and impairs its single-stranded conformation. Long-term treatment of cells with telomestatin greatly reduces the G-overhang size, as evidenced by specific hybridization or telomeric oligonucleotide ligation assay experiments, with a concomitant delayed loss of cell viability. In vivo protection experiments using dimethyl sulfate also indicate that telomestatin treatment alters the dimethyl sulfate effect on G-overhangs, a result compatible with the formation of a local quadruplex structure at telomeric overhang. Altogether these experiments strongly support the hypothesis that the telomeric G-overhang is an intracellular target for the action of telomestatin.
Arriving at Television Advertising Rates (1979)

Abstract Advertisers depend more on profiled cost-coverage figures than on any other criterion when choosing television stations in local markets. The rates charged in a local market are strongly influenced by three factors—demand, competition and ratings—all of which are partially beyond a station's control. These three factors, tempered by a station's revenue goals and its aggressiveness in testing market rate resistance, form the underpinning of its rate setting procedure. This article, as the second of a two part series, contains guidelines for advertisers and agencies to evaluate quoted rates and create purchase strategies for different demand and competitive situations. These guidelines provide the sequel to a description of the process which stations follow in evaluating time and inventories and setting rates. The sequel appeared in the last issue of The Journal of Advertising, Vol. 7, No. 4.
H9c2 cardiac myoblasts undergo apoptosis in a model of ischemia consisting of serum deprivation and hypoxia: inhibition by PMA (2003)

Cardiac myocytes undergo apoptosis under condition of ischemia. Little is known, however, about the molecular pathways that mediate this response. We show that serum deprivation and hypoxia, components of ischemia in vivo, resulted in apoptosis of rat ventricular myoblast cells H9c2. Hypoxia alone did not induce significant apoptosis for at least 48 h, but largely increased the proapoptotic action of serum deprivation. H9c2 cells apoptosis is evidenced by an increase in terminal (TdT)‐mediated dUTP nick end‐labeling‐positive nuclei and by activation of caspases 3, 6, 7 and 9, and loss of mitochondrial functions. In this model of simulated ischemia, represented by serum deprivation plus hypoxia, cardiomyoblasts apoptosis was associated with a p53‐independent Bax accumulation and with a down‐regulation of Bcl‐xL, whereas the levels of cIAP‐1, cIAP‐2 and X‐IAP proteins did not change. Phorbol‐12‐myristate‐13‐acetate significantly reduced the induction of apoptosis, inhibiting caspase 3 cleavage, Bax accumulation, Bcl‐xL down‐regulation as well as restoring cell viability.
Chemiluminescence of Firefly Luciferin without Enzyme (1962)

We have been able to produce chemiluminescence in firefly luciferin without utilizing the enzyme luciferase. Following the analogous mechanism of the chemiluminescence of luminol in the organic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide, we have prepared synthetically the methyl ester of luciferin, the phosphate ester of luciferin and luciferyl adenylate by condensation in dimethyl sulfoxide with Khorana's reagent, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and diazomethane, phosphoric acid, and adenylic acid respectively. These compounds in dimethyl sulfoxide in the presence of base emit a bright chemiluminescence. Like in vitro enzymatic bioluminescence, the luciferyl adenylate. chemiluminescence emission spectrum is dependent upon pH.
Immunoglobulin allotypes and immune response to meningococcal group B polysaccharide. (1981)

Serum samples were collected from 120 healthy adult volunteers (105 Caucasians and 15 Negros) before and after immunization with meningococcal polysaccharide (MPS) group B vaccine. Antibodies to MPS group B were measured and sera were typed for several Gm and Km(1) allotypes. A significant association was found between the Km(1) allotype and immune response to MPS group B in Caucasians.
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Protein A Triggers T Cell-Independent B Cell Proliferation by Sensitizing B Cells for TLR2 Ligands (2007)

S. aureus triggers B cell activation via SpA-induced sensitization of B cells for TLR2-active LP. Combined SpA and TLR2-mediated B cell activation promotes B cell proliferation but fails to induce polyclonal IgM secretion as seen after TLR7 and TLR9 ligation.
Treatment of a Case of Ulcerative Colitis Associated with Hysterical Depression (1940)

Society Proceedings: New York Academy of Medicine, Section of Neurology and Psychiatry and the New York Neurological Society: PDF Only
Clusters of orthologous genes for 41 archaeal genomes and implications for evolutionary genomics of archaea (2007)

The arCOGs provide a convenient, flexible framework for functional annotation of archaeal genomes, comparative genomics and evolutionary reconstructions. Genomic reconstructions suggest that the last common ancestor of archaea might have been (nearly) as advanced as the modern archaeal hyperthermophiles. ArCOGs and related information are available at: ftp://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/koonin/arCOGs/.
Frequency-Domain Equalization of Audio Systems Using Digital Filters, Part 2: Examples of Equalization (1998)

Digital filters are presented which are designed to equalize frequency-domain characteristics such as, for example, the magnitude and phase responses of analog systems which are parts of combined analog and digital audio signal processing. Numerical examples show the advantages that can be obtained through equalization by means of digital filters. Several audio applications, such as antialiasing filters, loudspeaker equalizing, and equalization of ΣΔ data converters, are presented. Some closely related topics such as efficient multirate filter realization, parametric modeling, and the comparison of recursive and nonrecursive digital filters are studied.