gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Oral Zinc Administration on Prolactin and Thymulin Circulating Levels in Patients With Chronic Renal Failure* (1989)

High serum PRL and low zinc (Zn) levels are common findings in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF); in such patients serum Zn concentrations have been reported to be inversely correlated to serum PRL levels. Moreover, Zn regulates both thymus growth and the biological activity of the thymic hormone thymulin, and PRL-thymic interrelationships have been described. To determine whether hypozincemia alters serum PRL and plasma thymulin concentrations in CRF, 9 men with CRF treated by chronic hemodialysis were given 400 mg/day Zn sulfate, orally (4.96 meq/day Zn), for 6 months. Before treatment, serum PRL levels were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in these patients than in normal men [mean, 28.7 +/- 20.7 (+/-SD) vs. 7.5 +/- 3.7 micrograms/L], and their serum PRL response to TRH (200 micrograms, iv) was impaired (mean maximal percent increase, 38.2 +/- 10.9 vs. 641 +/- 335; P less than 0.001). The plasma Zn-bound bioactive thymulin titer (1.3 +/- 0.7 1/log2), total thymulin titer (Zn-bound plus Zn-unbound forms, 2.1 +/- 0.8 1/log2), and serum Zn (13.1 +/- 2.4 mumol/L) were lower (P less than 0.001) in men with CRF than in normal men. Zn therapy did not induce any significant change in basal and TRH-stimulated serum PRL levels, while serum Zn levels significantly increased, reaching the normal range after the first week of treatment (17.8 +/- 6.3 mumol/L). Plasma total thymulin increased rapidly, reaching normal levels after 1 week, but Zn-bound thymulin increased modestly during the first month of treatment and more after 3 and 6 months of treatment. There was no age-related difference in plasma thymulin levels during therapy. We conclude that oral Zn administration in patients with CRF significantly increases both total and Zn-bound thymulin, but does not modify basal and TRH-stimulated serum PRL levels. The observation that Zn supplementation markedly increased plasma thymulin levels in uremic patients suggests that Zn is a potent stimulus for thymic hormone synthesis, and it can reverse the age-related diminution of thymic activity in CRF patients.
Practical Directional Drilling Techniques in Pinedale Field Wyoming to Improve Drilling Performance (2013)

Abstract The giant Pinedale anticline gas field, which is approximately 35 miles long and 6 miles wide, contains 159 Tcf of conservatively estimated in-place natural gas. The field ranks as the third-largest gas field in United States by proved reserves. Gas production is primarily from a 5,500-ft thick "Lance Pool" that overlies the top of the Ericson Sandstone Formation. The Lance Pool consists of the Lance Formation, the Upper Mesaverde Group, and a Paleocene "unnamed" unit. The reservoir is classified as tight gas, with low porosity and micro-darcy permeability. Horizontal drilling is not practical and therefore deviated well (S-well) drilling is prevalent, due to the lenticular sands and stratigraphic nature of this area. A typical deviated well has a 5° to 25° inclination in the upper section, then a tangent section varying from 1,000 to 5,000 ft, with a total depth (TD) of around 15,000 ft MD. The extensive reach, long tangent and various formation strata encountered place an extremely challenging drilling environment for directional drilling using a conventional adjustable kick-off sub (AKO), positive displacement motor (PDM), and a polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) drill bit. However, if proper directional drilling techniques are applied, this approach can accomplish the task in a timely manner and provide outstanding cost effectiveness over automated vertical-seeking tools (Han et al., 2013). This paper discusses difficulties encountered in the Pinedale directional drilling process with a conventional AKO PDM, such as successfully landing in the driller target, predicting the reactive torque under various scenarios, holding the tool face (TF) with a PDC bit, and extensive hole drag. Several practical directional drilling techniques are presented as solutions, such as point-turn-tag, turn-tag-point, tag-turn-point, jerking-while-sliding, counting-number and 6-in.-wiper. These techniques are practical, field-proven and invaluable for Pinedale operations and numerous oil and gas fields with similar directional drilling obstacles. Thorough understanding and mastering of these techniques can substantially increase directional drilling efficiency, reduce drilling time, enhance borehole quality, and improve overall drilling performance.
GRAPHICAL ONE-TIME PASSWORD AUTHENTICATION (2016)

Complying with a security policy often requires users to create long and complex passwords to protect their accounts. However, remembering such passwords appears difficult for many and may lead to insecure practices, such as choosing weak passwords or writing them down. One-Time Passwords (OTPs) aim to overcome such problems; however, most implemented OTP techniques require special hardware, which not only adds costs, but also raises issues regarding availability. This type of authentication mechanism is mostly adopted by online banking systems to secure their clients’ accounts. However, carrying around authentication tokens was found to be an inconvenient experience for many customers. Not only the inconvenience, but if the token was unavailable, for any reason, this would prevent customers from accessing their accounts securely. In contrast, there is the potential to use graphical passwords as an alternative authentication mechanism designed to aid memorability and ease of use. The idea of this research is to combine the usability of recognition-based and draw-based graphical passwords with the security of OTP. A new multi-level user-authentication solution known as: Graphical One-Time Password (GOTPass) was proposed and empirically evaluated in terms of usability and security aspects. The usability experiment was conducted during three separate sessions, which took place over five weeks, to assess the efficiency, effectiveness, memorability and user satisfaction of the new scheme. The results showed that users were able to easily create and enter their credentials as well as remember them over time. Eighty-one participants carried out a total of 1,302 login attempts with a 93% success rate and an average login time of 24.5 seconds. With regard to the security evaluation, the research simulated three common types of graphical password attacks (guessing, intersection, and shoulder-surfing). The participants’ task was to act as attackers to try to break into the system. The GOTPass scheme showed a high resistance capability against the attacks, as only 3.3% of the 690 total attempts succeeded in compromising the system.
Efficient, Racemization-Free Amidation of Protected Amino Acids (1992)

N-tert-Butoxycarbonyl derivatives of L-leucine, S-benzyl-L-cysteine and Nt-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-L-histidine were amidated with crystalline ammonium, methylammonium, and ethylammonium salts of 3-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-one and N-hydroxysuccinimide to give the corresponding amino acid amides in good yield and with good optical purity.
Cortical Allograft and Endoprosthesis for Limb‐Sparing Surgery in Dogs with Distal Radial Osteosarcoma: A Prospective Clinical Comparison of Two Different Limb‐Sparing Techniques (2006)

An endoprosthesis is an attractive alternative to cortical allografts for limb-salvage of the distal aspect of the radius in dogs because surgical and oncologic outcomes are similar, but the endoprosthesis is an immediately available off-the-shelf implant which is not complicated by the bone harvesting and banking requirements associated with cortical allografts. Mechanisms whereby postoperative infection improves survival time requires further investigation and, if elucidated, may provide the opportunity to improve the outcome of dogs and humans with OSA.
23 Targeted Gene Repair in Mammalian Cells Using Chimeric RNA/DNA Oligonucleotides (1999)

BACKGROUND AND EARLY EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES The potential now exists in many experimental systems to transfer a cloned, modified gene into the genome of the host organism. In the ideal situation, the cloned gene is returned to its homologous location and is inserted at the target locus. The process is a controlled means for repairing DNA damage and ensuring accurate chromosome disjunction during meiosis. The paradigm for understanding this process is derived from detailed biochemical analyses of the RecA protein purified from Escherichia coli and genetic studies carried out in bacteriophage and fungi. A compelling picture of the process of homologous pairing and DNA strand exchange has been influential in directing investigators interested in gene-targeting experiments. A body of information has emerged from these studies on transformation in lower eukaryotes that has been crucial in developing strategies for gene targeting in higher organisms. Unfortunately, the limited biochemical data, as well as the often confusing and sometimes contradictory results from the genetic studies, have not provided a thorough mechanistic foundation for experimentation. For example, it is unclear from the transformation studies that information on the genetic control of integration will be generally applicable to higher eukaryotic systems. The significance of the functionally independent, yet structurally redundant, RecA-like Rad51, Rad55, Rad57, and Dmc1 genes in yeast is not totally resolved (Story et al. 1993). In addition, the virtual absence of the illegitimate integration events during plasmid transformation commonly observed in many other eukaryotic systems raises certain caveats as to the generality of the...
Lexical disambiguation using simulated annealing (1992)

The resolution of lexical ambiguity is important for most natural language processing tasks, and a range of computational techniques have been proposed for its solution. None of these has yet proven effective on a large scale. In this paper, we describe a method for lexical disambiguation of text using the definitions in a machine-readable dictionary together with the technique of simulated annealing. The method operates on complete sentences and attempts to select the optimal combinations of word senses for all the words in the sentence simultaneously. The words in the sentences may be any of the 28,000 headwords in Longman's Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDOCE) and are disambiguated relative to the senses given in LDOCE. Our initial results on a sample set of 50 sentences are comparable to those of other researchers, and the fully automatic method requires no hand coding of lexical entries, or hand tagging of text.
The family as caregiver: A group psychoeducation model for schizophrenia. (1998)

A professionally led multifamily psychoeducation program for families with a schizophrenic member was designed according to participating families' reported concerns. The families provided information on their problems, needs, coping, and requirements from the program. They expressed more concern about "negative" symptoms of schizophrenia (e.g., social withdrawal) than about positive ones (e.g., hallucinations). Participants' overall positive response to the program is discussed in terms of further development of a multifamily psychoeducation model with family-generated content.
Passive construction of diagnostic decision models: An empirical evaluation (2009)

Bayesian networks have proven their value in solving complex diagnostic problems. The main bottleneck in applying Bayesian networks to diagnosis is model construction. In our earlier work, we proposed passive construction of diagnostic models based on observation of diagnosticians solving diagnostic cases. This idea has never been tested in practice. In this paper, we describe an experiment that tests an interactive prototype system called MARILYN on implementation of a system based on passive construction of diagnostic model, by inputting four hundred help desk cases collected at the University of Pittsburgh campus computing lab. We show that while the system's diagnostic accuracy continues to increase with the number of cases, it reaches very reasonable levels after merely tens of cases.
Stateless One-time Authenticated Session Resumption in TLS Handshake Using Paired Token (2021)

Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol that provides communications security between two peers and it is widely used in many applications. To reduce the latency in TLS handshake session resumption using pre-shared key (PSK) had been used. But current methods in PSK mode handshake uses a fixed session key multiple times for the lifetime of session ticket. Reuse of fixed session key should be very careful in the point of communications security. It is vulnerable to replay attacks and there is a possibility of tracking users. Paired token (PT) is a new secondary credential scheme that provides pre-shared key in stateless way in client-server environment. Server issues paired token (public token and secret token) to authenticated client. Public token represents signed identity of client and secret token is a kind of shared secret between client and server. Once client is equipped with PT, it can be used for many symmetric key based cryptographic applications such as authentication, authorization, key establishment, etc. It was also shown that it can be used for one-time authenticated key establishment using the time-based one-time password (TOTP) approach. In this paper we apply the PT and TOTP approach to TLS to achieve stateless one-time authenticated session resumption. Server executes full handshake of TLS 1.3 and issues PT to authenticated client. Then client and server can execute one-time authenticated session resumption using PT in stateless way in server side. In every runs of session resumption distinct session keys are established that the same PT can be used safely for longer lifetime. If anonymous PT is used with renewal issuing, user privacy, untraceability and forward security can be achieved easily. It will provide a huge performance gain in large-scale distributed services.
10,11-Dihydro-10,11-dihydroxy-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide, a metabolite of carbamazepine isolated from human and rat urine (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT10,11-Dihydro-10,11-dihydroxy-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide, a metabolite of carbamazepine isolated from human and rat urineK. M. Baker, J. Csetenyi, A. Frigerio, P. L. Morselli, F. Parravicini, and G. PifferiCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 6, 703–705Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00264a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00264a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views178Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
2-Aminopurine Selectively Inhibits Splicing of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha mRNA (1996)

2-Aminopurine (2-AP) inhibits specific kinases that phosphorylate the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2. One of these, PKR, is also involved in signal transduction. We show here that 2-AP selectively inhibits expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA in primary human lymphoid cells. 2-AP does not inhibit transcription of the human TNF-alpha gene, nor does it affect mRNA stability. Instead, the flow of short-lived precursor transcripts into mature TNF-alpha mRNA is blocked. When 2-AP is present during induction, unspliced TNF-alpha precursor transcripts accumulate at the expense of mRNA. Using RNase protection analysis with genomic probes for different exon-intron junctions, we show that 2-AP blocks splicing of TNF-alpha mRNA. Neither the TNF-beta nor the interleukin-1 beta gene shows such regulation. 2-AP also inhibits splicing of precursor RNA transcribed from an exogenous human TNF-alpha gene. Sequences within this gene thus confer sensitivity to 2-AP. Yet, control is not exerted at a specific splice site. Our results reveal the involvement of a 2-AP-sensitive component, expressed in functional form before induction, in the splicing of TNF-alpha mRNA.
4,5-Dihydro-1<i>H</i>-pyrazole: an indispensable scaffold (2013)

Pyrazoles, categorized as nitrogen-containing heterocycles, are well known for their interminable participation in the field of perpetual research and development of therapeutical active agents. As a consequence pyrazoles became an inevitable core of numerous drugs having diverse activities. The broad spectrum of activities portrayed by the pyrazoles instigated the researchers to modify the pyrazole ring as 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles commonly known as 2-pyrazolines. The present review is a concerted effort to retrace compounds covered from 2009-till date which owe diverse biological activities to the 2-pyrazoline scaffold and also condenses the retro-synthetic approaches employed for their synthesis. This endeavor culminated in revelation that inhibitory potential varied when the substituents in particular N-substituents of 2-pyrazolines were altered.
Fast camera fingerprint search algorithm for source camera identification (2012)

To determine the source camera of a query image, the fingerprint from the query image needs to be compared with the fingerprints in the reference fingerprint database. Traditionally, the query fingerprint is compared with these reference fingerprints one by one in sequence. For a large database, however, such a brute-force search is inefficient and time-consuming. How to accurately locate the correct fingerprint in the reference fingerprint database is thus becoming a crucial problem for commercial applications of source camera identification. So far there have been few studies in literature addressing this problem. In this work, we propose a new solution to fast fingerprint search. We first store the information of the reference fingerprint digests in the separate-chaining hash table, and then introduce a new rule to select the candidate reference fingerprint digests before performing the correlation. The selection rule is incarnated with the search priority vector. Experimental results have shown that the proposed algorithm outperforms current algorithms.
QoE-Driven Joint Optimization of Segment Adaptation and Resource Allocation for DASH Clients Over LTE Networks (2018)

In this paper, we focus on a comprehensive dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) framework, which consists of video content analysis at the HTTP adaptive streaming server, joint optimization of segment switch and resource allocation at eNodeB, and playback information extraction at the client, to improve the quality of experience (QoE) of the DASH clients over long-term evolution networks. We explore the unique characteristics of each segment by establishing the size-time and size-distortion models based on the video packet information extracted from the encoder rather than modeling the entire video sequence by a fixed function. Video quality, stability, and playback continuity can be predicted and reflected by these constructed models. Considering the above three factors, we develop an accumulative QoE model by calculating and predicting the QoE factors of each segment. Then, the entire framework is formulated as a mixed-integer non-linear programming mathematical model to maximize the total QoE of the DASH clients, where decisions on resource allocation and video segment switch are jointly optimized in a semi-synchronous centralized mode. Resource allocation consists of resource block assignment and modulation and coding scheme selection rather than only determining the resource utilization percentage. To perform the optimization, we develop a low-complexity heuristic algorithm that decomposes the original problem into multiple subproblems. The simulation results show that our proposed algorithms can efficiently improve the QoE level compared with other existing algorithms.
Total Synthesis of (+)-Discodermolide (1998)

The total synthesis of (+)-discodermolide is described. The approach involves assemblage of three key stereotriad subunits through addition of nonracemic allenyltin, -indium, and -zinc reagents to (S)-3-silyloxy-2-methylpropanal derivatives, followed by reduction of the resulting anti,syn- or syn,syn-homopropargylic alcohol adducts to the (E)-homoallylic alcohols and subsequent Sharpless epoxidation. Addition of methyl cuprate reagents or Red-Al to the resultant epoxy alcohols yielded the key precursors, alkyne 4, aldehyde 9, and alcohol 24. Addition of alkyne 4 (as the lithio species 10) to aldehyde 9 afforded the propargylic alcohol 11 as the major stereoisomer. Lindlar hydrogenation and installation of appropriate protecting groups led to aldehyde 17. This was converted to the (Z)-vinylic iodide 18 upon treatment with α-iodoethylidene triphenylphosphorane. Suzuki coupling of this vinylic iodide with a boranate derived from iodide 25 led to the coupled product 27 with the complete carbon backbone of (+)-discodermolide and the correct stereochemistry. The synthesis was completed by cleavage of the cyclic PMP acetal at C1 with i-Bu2AlH and three-step oxidation−esterification to the ester 31. Cleavage of the C19 Et3Si ether and C19 carbamate formation followed by cleavage of the remaining alcohol protecting groups, first with DDQ and then aqueous HCl, afforded (+)-discodermolide (36).
Imaging Characteristics of Alkaline-Encrusted Cystitis and Pyelitis (2002)

Imaging Characteristics of Alkaline-Encrusted Cystitis and PyelitisDenis Thoumas1, Caroline Darmallaicq2, Christian Pfister3, Céline Savoye-Collet1, Louis Sibert3, P. Grise3, Laurent Lemaitre2 and Michel Benozio1Audio Available | Share