gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Link Between REC2, a DNA Recombinase, the Retinoblastoma Protein, and Apoptosis (1997)

The REC2 recombinase is essential for recombinational repair following DNA damage as well as for successful meiosis and gene targeting in the corn smut Ustilago maydis. Here we report that overexpression of REC2 induced apoptotic cell death in human HuH-7, Hep G2, and Hep 3B hepatoma cells. Apoptosis was related to recombinase activity and was significantly increased by inhibition of retinoblastoma (Rb) expression with transforming growth factor-beta1. REC2-induced apoptosis was associated with a significantly reduced percentage of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and a significant reduction in G2/M only in the Rb(-/-) Hep 3B cells. Overexpression of REC2 resulted in increased abundance of the hyperphosphorylated form of Rb. However, by immunoprecipitation REC2 was associated primarily with hypophosphorylated Rb, suggesting that REC2 may be involved in modulating the phosphorylation state of Rb. The A and B pocket domains with the spacer amino acid sequence and the carboxyl-terminal region of Rb were required for maximal binding to REC2. Overexpression of Rb significantly inhibited REC2-induced apoptosis even in the presence of transforming growth factor-beta1. Taken together, these data suggest a novel interaction of Rb with the recombinase REC2 and a role for this complex in bridging DNA recombination and apoptosis.
Preparation and properties of CuInS2 thin films produced by exposing sputtered Cu-In films to an H2S atmosphere (1979)

CuInS2 thin films have been made from copper, indium, and hydrogen sulfide gas using a two-step technique which involves exposing Cu-In films produced by sputtering pure copper and pure indium to H2S gas diluted with argon. X-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, optical transmission, and electrical measurements were used to identify and characterize the CuInS2. The resulting films were all p type with resistivity in the range 0.1–500 Ω cm and showed a preferred orientation of the (112) plane parallel to the substrate.
The preplacodal region: an ectodermal domain with multipotential progenitors that contribute to sense organs and cranial sensory ganglia (2007)

The otic primordium belongs to a group of related structures, the sensory placodes that contribute to the paired sense organs - ear, eye and olfactory epithelium - and to the distal parts of the cranial sensory ganglia. Recent evidence suggests that despite their diversity, all placodes share a common developmental origin and a common molecular mechanism which initiates their formation. At the base of placode induction lies the specification of a unique "placode field", termed the preplacodal region and acquisition of this "preplacodal state" is required for ectodermal cells to undergo otic development. Here I review the molecular mechanisms that sequentially subdivide the ectoderm to give rise to the placode territory.
A Bayesian approach to detect QTL affecting a simulated binary and quantitative trait (2011)

The Bayesian variable selection method showed to be a successful method for genome-wide association. This method was reasonably fast using dense marker maps.
The effects of forskolin eye drops on intra-ocular pressure. (1987)

Two studies were performed to investigate the effects of forskolin (Hoechst Research) on intra-ocular pressure (IOP). In the first study two 1.0% formulations of forskolin eye drops were compared with placebo in 10 healthy volunteers. Oxybuprocaine eye drops were used for local anaesthesia before measurement of IOP by applanation tonometry. This was followed by instillation of either medication or placebo on a randomised cross-over basis and hourly measurement of IOP. No significant differences were present between the forskolin treatments and placebo. For 6 hours after drug application a definite decrease in IOP relative to base-line values was observed after each of the forskolin treatments as well as after placebo. In a subsequent study only one formulation of 1% forskolin was compared with placebo. Proxymetacaine eye drops were used for local anaesthesia. Forskolin resulted in a significant reduction in IOP relative to placebo. It is concluded that forskolin reduces IOP in healthy volunteers, and that oxybuprocaine reduces IOP in its own right.
APOE-related risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia for prevention trials: An analysis of four cohorts (2017)

Estimates of the absolute risk of MCI or dementia, particularly over short time intervals, are sensitive to sampling and a variety of methodological factors. Nonetheless, such estimates were fairly consistent across the population-based cohorts, and lower than those from a convenience cohort and those estimated in prior studies-with implications for informed consent and design for clinical trials targeting high-risk individuals.
Phase estimation procedure to solve quantum-mechanical eigenvalue problems (2008)

A simple phase estimation procedure is outlined and applied to solve standard quantum-mechanical problems. The procedure needs only one qubit to read off the eigenenergy obtained by iterative measurements, while the system qubits provides the corresponding eigenstates. No a priori information is needed about the system states and energies, therefore, the procedure may be launched from a completely random initial state.
Abstract 1005: Mesenchymal stem cells in breast cancer dormancy: Role of regulatory T cell induction (2010)

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to support breast cancer growth. Since MSCs also increase the expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs), we hypothesize that human MSCs protect breast cancer cells (BCCs) from immune clearance by recruitment and expansion of Tregs. MSCs suppressed the proliferation of PBMCs when the latter were exposed to γ-irradiated BCCs. Similarly, MSCs showed significant inhibition in the migration of PBMCs towards BCCs, despite the production of chemokines. MSCs also inhibited functional NK and CTL functions, which correlated with reduced numbers of CD8 and CD56 cells as compared to parallel cultures without MSCs. The reduced NK and CTL activities correlated with decrease in the total number of granzyme B-producing cells. To explain these findings, we compared Tregs in the presence or absence of MSCs and found increases with MSCs. The expansion of Tregs correlated with decreases in Th1 cytokines and increases in Th2 cytokines. MSC-derived TGF-β was mostly responsible for the increase in Tregs, based on knockdown studies. Together, these studies show increase in Tregs in co-cultures of PBMCs, BCCs and MSCs. The results could be partly explained by increase in Th2 type cytokines and MSC-generated TGF-β. These findings demonstrate immune protection by MSCs to BCCs. The reduced immune cell proliferation and recruitment mediated by MSCs has implications for treatment with chemotherapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1005.
The use of a "hybrid" trainer in an established laparoscopic skills program. (2006)

The EP utilized during the Top Gun Course was introduced without modification of the core curriculum and experienced no device failures. This hybrid trainer offers a cost-effective inanimate simulator that brings quality performance monitoring to traditional inanimate trainers. It appears that the EP influenced student performance by alerting them to errors made, thus causing an increased awareness of and focus on precision and accuracy. This suggests that the EP could have internal guidance capabilities. However, validation studies must be done in the future.
Mesenchymal stem cell expression of stromal cell‐derived factor‐1β augments bone formation in a model of local regenerative therapy (2014)

Bone has the potential for spontaneous healing. However, this process often fails in patients with co-morbidities requiring clinical intervention. Numerous studies have revealed that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) hold great potential for regenerative therapies. Common problems include poor cell engraftment, which can be addressed by irradiation prior to transplantation. Increasing evidence suggests that stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is involved in bone formation. However, osteogenic contributions of the beta splice variant of SDF-1 (SDF-1β), which is highly expressed in bone, remain unclear. Using the tetracycline (Tet)-regulatory system we have shown that SDF-1β enhances BMSC osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Here we test the hypothesis that SDF-1β augments bone formation in vivo in a model of local BMSC transplantation following irradiation. We found that SDF-1β, expressed at high levels in Tet-Off-SDF-1β BMSCs, augments the cell-mediated therapeutic effects resulting in enhanced bone formation, as evidenced by ex vivo μCT and bone histomorphometry. The data demonstrate the specific contribution of SDF-1β to BMSC-mediated bone formation, and validate the feasibility of the Tet-Off technology to regulate SDF-1β expression in vivo. In conclusion, SDF-1β provides potent synergistic effects supporting BMSC-mediated bone formation and appears a suitable candidate for optimization of bone augmentation in translational protocols.
Assessment of atmospheric correction methods for Landsat TM data applicable to Amazon basin LBA research (2002)

Atmospheric correction is an important preprocessing step required in many remote sensing applications. The authors are engaged in the project 'Human Dimensions of Amazonia: Forest Regeneration and Landscape Structure' in NASA/INPE's Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA) programme. This project requires use of corrected Landsat TM data since research foci integrate ground-based data and TM to: (1) measure and model biomass; (2) classify multiple stages of secondary succession; (3) model land cover/land use changes; and (4) derive spectral signatures consistent across different study areas. The 30+ scenes of TM data are historic and lack detailed atmospheric data needed by physically-based atmospheric correction models such as 6S (Second Simulation of the Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum). Imagebased DOS models are based on image measurements and explored in this article for application to LBA study areas. Two methods using theoretical spectral radiance and image acquisition date respectively were used to convert TM DN values to at-satellite radiance. Three image-based models were employed using each method to convert at-satellite radiance to surface reflectance. Analyses of these six different image-based models were conducted. The Improved Imagebased DOS was the best technique for correcting atmospheric effects in this LBA research with results similar to those obtained from physically-based approaches.
Ligand coupling of 2‐pyridyl sulfoxides having an sp<sup>2</sup> stereocenter at the α‐position: A novel preparation of α‐stilbazoles (1990)

Abstract Ligand coupling of (E)‐ and (Z)‐styryl 2‐pyridyl sulfoxides with methylmagnesium bromide gave (E)‐and (Z)‐2‐styrylpyridine, respectively in a stereospecific manner. A number of (E)‐2‐styrylpyridine derivatives were prepared by the coupling reaction. Methyl styryl sulfoxide and 2,2′‐bipyridyl were obtained as by‐products. The mechanism of the reaction is discussed based on quantitative analysis of the products.
Single-walled carbon nanotube growth from ion implanted Fe catalyst (2006)

The authors present experimental evidence that single-walled carbon nanotubes can be grown by chemical vapor deposition from ion implanted iron catalyst. They systematically characterize the effect of ion implantation dose and energy on the catalyst nanoparticles and nanotubes formed at 900°C. They also fabricate a micromachined silicon grid for direct transmission electron microscopy characterization of the as-grown nanotubes. This work opens up the possibility of controlling the origin of single-walled nanotubes at the nanometer scale and of integrating them into nonplanar three-dimensional device structures with precise dose control.
Primary outcomes of the Monitoring in Dialysis Study indicate that clinically significant arrhythmias are common in hemodialysis patients and related to dialytic cycle (2018)

Sudden death is one of the more frequent causes of death for hemodialysis patients, but the underlying mechanisms, contribution of arrhythmia, and associations with serum chemistries or the dialysis procedure are incompletely understood. To study this, implantable loop recorders were utilized for continuous cardiac rhythm monitoring to detect clinically significant arrhythmias including sustained ventricular tachycardia, bradycardia, asystole, or symptomatic arrhythmias in hemodialysis patients over six months. Serum chemistries were tested pre- and post-dialysis at least weekly. Dialysis procedure data were collected at every session. Associations with clinically significant arrhythmias were assessed using negative binomial regression modeling. Sixty-six patients were implanted and 1678 events were recorded in 44 patients. The majority were bradycardias (1461), with 14 episodes of asystole and only one of sustained ventricular tachycardia. Atrial fibrillation, although not defined as clinically significant arrhythmias, was detected in 41% of patients. With thrice-weekly dialysis, the rate was highest during the first dialysis session of the week and was increased during the last 12 hours of each inter-dialytic interval, particularly the long interval. Among serum and dialytic parameters, only higher pre-dialysis serum sodium and dialysate calcium over 2.5 mEq/L were independently associated with clinically significant arrhythmias. Thus, clinically significant arrhythmias are common in hemodialysis patients, and bradycardia and asystole rather than ventricular tachycardia may be key causes of sudden death in hemodialysis patients. Associations with the temporal pattern of dialysis suggest that modification of current dialysis practices could reduce the incidence of sudden death.
Augmenting fielded test systems with diagnostic reasoner technology (2007)

This paper will show how diagnostic reasoner technology can be used in the automated test industry. It will briefly explain how diagnostic reasoners can reduce overall logistics support costs by reducing test time and more accurately identifying failed components. It is believed that diagnostic reasoner technology can be applied to both new and legacy test program sets (TPSs) and test systems. The paper will describe some issues and lessons learned while integrating with legacy components and will provide some recommendations that should be considered when designing new test systems and TPSs.
Scalable classification-based word prediction and confusible correction (2005)

We present a classification-based word prediction model based on IGTREE, a decision-tree induction algorithm with favorable scaling abilities. Through a first series of experiments we demonstrate that the system exhibits log-linear increases in prediction accuracy and decreases in discrete perplexity, a new evaluation metric, with increasing numbers of training examples. The induced trees grow linearly with the amount of training examples.Trained on 30 million words of newswire text, prediction accuracies reach 42.2% on the same type of text.In a second series of experiments we show that this generic approach to word prediction can be specialized to confusible prediction, yielding high accuracies on nine example confusible sets in all genres of text.The confusible-specific approach outperforms the generic word-prediction approach, but with more data the difference decreases.RSUM.Cet article prsente un modle pour la tche de prdiction de mots, considre ici comme une tche de classification.Ce modle repose sur l'utilisation de IGTREE, un algorithme d'infrence d'arbre de dcision capable de traiter la fois un grand nombre de classes et d'exemples d'apprentissage. travers une premire srie d'exprimentations nous montrons que la capacit de prdiction du modle augmente log-linairement avec le nombre d'exemples d'entranement.Le mme comportement est obtenu avec la perplexit discrte, une nouvelle mtrique introduite pour la tche de prdiction de mots ; la taille des arbres infrs crot, elle, linairement.Lorsque notre modle est entran sur un corpus journalistique de 30 millions de mots, le nombre de mots correctement prdits est de 42.2 % sur des textes journalistiques.Une seconde srie d'exprimentations dmontre que ce prdicteur gnrique peut tre spcialis pour traiter des configurations dans lesquelles l'ensemble des mots prdire se restreint un petit ensemble.Le modle spcialis atteint des meilleurs rsultats que le classifieur gnrique.
Results of a search for double positron decay and electron-positron conversion of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Kr</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>78</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1994)

The results of a search for the 2${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\beta}}}^{+}$ and K${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\beta}}}^{+}$ decay modes of $^{78}\mathrm{Kr}$, in a coincidence experiment using a high pressure ionization chamber of enriched $^{78}\mathrm{Kr}$ inside an array of sodium iodine scintillators, are presented. After 4434 h of counting time, the half-life lower limits obtained are ${\mathit{T}}_{1/2}$(K${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\beta}}}^{+}$${)}_{0\ensuremath{\nu}}$\ensuremath{\ge}5.1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{21}$ yr and ${\mathit{T}}_{1/2}$(2${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\beta}}}^{+}$${)}_{0\ensuremath{\nu}+2\ensuremath{\nu}}$\ensuremath{\ge}2.0\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{21}$ yr at 68% C.L.
Towards Optimal Power Management: Estimation of Performance Degradation due to DVFS on Modern Processors (2010)

The alarming growth of the power consumption of data centers\ncoupled with low average utilization of servers suggests\nthe use of power management strategies. Such actions however\nrequire the understanding of the effects of the power\nmanagement actions on the performance of data center applications\nrunning on managed platforms. The goal of our\nresearch is to accurately estimate power savings and consequent\nperformance degradation from DVFS and thereby\nbetter guide the optimization of a performance/power metric\nof a platform. Towards that end, this paper presents\nprecise performance and power models for DVFS strategies.\nPrecise models are attained by better modeling the\nperformance behavior of modern out-of-order processors, by\ntaking into account, for instance, the effects of cache miss\noverlapping. Models are validated using benchmarks from\nthe SPEC CPU2006 suite, which show that the observed\ndegradation always falls within the predicted bounds. Also,\nthe upper bound degradation estimates were up to 43% less\nthan those due to a linear degradation model which allows\nfor the aggressive use of DVFS.
A case of atrial fibrillation due to<i>Momordica charantia</i>(bitter melon) (2010)

To the Editor: Eighty per cent of the population in developing countries continues to use traditional medicine for primary medical problems. Momordica charantia (bitter melon), belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae, has been frequently used as a medicine. In Turkish folk medicine, mature fruits of Momordica charantia are used externally for wound healing and orally for the treatment of peptic ulcer. 1 Momordica charantia has been credited with antidiabetic, antiseptic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, hypotensive, and immunostimulant properties. He had begun to use Momordica charantia two days before his admission for his dyspeptic complaints. He had crushed Momordica charantia and drunk two tablespoons of its juice three times a day, and had also drunk Momordica charantia juice on the morning of admission. The patient had no medical history of smoking, alcohol use, surgery, palpitation, coronary arterial disease, hypertension, diabetes, or chronic bronchitis. Physical examination revealed an arterial blood pressure of 100/70 mm Hg. The patient had a normal complete blood count, arterial blood gases, blood electrolyte (Na, K, Mg, Ca), and serial cardiac marker levels. Thyroxin and triiodothyronine concentrations and the findings of thyrotropinreleasing hormone tests were normal.
The Influence of Initial Fuel Temperature on Ignition Delay (1982)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new model of ignition delay is formulated and the equations which govern ignition are presented. The model is based on fuel molecules having discrete allowed energy levels, and interprets radicals simply as additional allowed energy levels. Using such a model, the initial fuel temperature can readily be accounted for and its effect on ignition delay predicted. Equations for the general multilevel system are presented, as is the detailed solution for the simple two-level system. Theoretical results predict that the ignition delay can be made arbitrarily small and essentially independent of air temperature if the fuel is sufficiently preheated.</div>
Using fire for more than light and warmth : archaeology (2011)

Early modern humans improved the manufacture of stone tools using fire, showing evidence of complex behaviour.
Cell to cell communication and pH in the frog lens. (1991)

Fiber cells of the lens are electrically and diffusionally interconnected through extensive gap junctions. These junctions allow fluxes of small solutes to move between inner cells and peripheral cells, where the majority of transmembrane transport takes place. We describe here a method utilizing two intracellular microelectrodes to measure the cell to cell resistance between fiber cells at any given distance into the intact lens. We also use ion-sensitive microelectrodes to record intracellular pH at various depths in the intact lens. We find that gap junctions connecting inner fiber cells differ in pH sensitivity as well as normal coupling resistance from those connecting peripheral cells. The transition occurs in a zone between 500 and 650 microns into the lens. Fiber cells peripheral to this zone have a specific coupling resistance of 1.1 omega cm2, whereas those inside have a specific coupling resistance of 2.7 omega cm2. However, when the cytoplasm of fiber cells is acidified by bubbling with CO2, peripheral cells uncouple and the cell to cell resistance goes up more than 40-fold, whereas junctions inside this zone are essentially unaffected by changes in intracellular pH. In a normal frog lens, the intracellular pH in fiber cells near the lens surface is 7.02, a value significantly alkaline to electrochemical equilibrium. Our data suggest that Na/H exchange and perhaps other Na gradient-dependent mechanisms in the peripheral cells maintain this transmembrane gradient. Deep in the lens, the fiber cell cytoplasm is significantly more acidic (pHi 6.81) due to influx of hydrogen across the inner fiber cell membranes and production of H+ by the inner fiber cells. Because of the normally acid cytoplasm of interior fiber cells, their loss of gap junctional sensitivity to pH may be essential to lens survival.
Study of the slow-wave structure as an ICRF launcher (1984)

The feasibility of the slow-wave structure as an ICRF launcher is studied. The well-defined travelling-wave spectrum of this structure makes it a plausible candidate for current-drive experiments. Using a model which is realistic in ICRF experiments, the impedance function, the propagation constant, and the damping length along the structure are calculated as a function of plasma/antenna separation. We find that with reasonably accurate control of plasma position and sufficient spacing between the plasma and antennas, which can be expected from reactors, the use of the slow-wave structure for ICRF launching is feasible.