gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultraviolet stability of polyimides and polyamide–imides (1971)

Abstract The ultraviolet stability of polyimides and polyamide–imides was determined in both a wet and dry environment. Films have been exposed to these environments for 3000 and 6000 hr, respectively. The polymers are not stable to UV radiation (2900–4000 Å); serious deterioration of the mechanical properties occurs under both wet and dry conditions with the former giving rise to greater damage. The polyamide–imide polymer is more unstable to UV radiation than the two polyimides evaluated; however, it is more resistant to hydrolysis as indicated from rate data obtained from a kinetic analysis of the mechanical property degradation curves. The electrical properties of the polymers are relatively unaffected in the dry environment but begin to deteriorate as the polymer becomes brittle. In the wet environment these properties begin to deteriorate more rapidly. Dissipation factor and dielectric strength are the properties most affected.
Polynomial methods for component matching and verification (2002)

Article Free Access Share on Polynomial methods for component matching and verification Authors: James Smith Stanford University, Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford, CA Stanford University, Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford, CAView Profile , Giovanni De Micheli Stanford University, Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford, CA Stanford University, Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ICCAD '98: Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided designNovember 1998 Pages 678–685https://doi.org/10.1145/288548.289115Published:01 November 1998Publication History 19citation216DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations19Total Downloads216Last 12 Months11Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Diffusion Coefficients of CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> in Water at Temperatures between 298.15 K and 423.15 K at Pressures up to 45 MPa (2014)

We report measurements of the diffusion coefficients of CO2 and N2 in pure water at temperatures between (298.15 and 423.15) K and pressures between (15 and 45) MPa. The measurements were made by the Taylor dispersion method and have a standard relative uncertainty of 2.3 %. The results were found to be essentially independent of pressure over the range investigated and a simple relation, based on the Stokes–Einstein equation, is proposed to correlate the experimental data. Some experimental difficulties arising in the measurement of the diffusivities of slightly soluble acid-gas solutes such as CO2 in water are also discussed.
ESCA studies of polymers. VII. Shake‐up phenomena in some alkane–styrene copolymers (1976)

Abstract Shake‐up satellites corresponding to π * → π transitions accompanying C 1 s core ionizations have been studied for polystyrene and a series of alkane–styrene copolymers. It is shown that the shake‐up intensities are additive in nature and give a direct measure of copolymer compositions.
Microinjection of fos-specific antibodies blocks DNA synthesis in fibroblast cells. (1988)

Transcription of the protooncogene c-fos is increased greater than 10-fold within minutes of treatment of fibroblasts with serum or purified growth factors. Recent experiments with mouse 3T3 cell lines containing inducible fos antisense RNA constructs have shown that induced fos antisense RNA transcripts cause either a marked inhibition of growth in continuously proliferating cells or, conversely, a minimal effect except during the transition from a quiescent (G0) state into the cell cycle. Since intracellular production of large amounts of antisense RNA does not completely block gene expression, we microinjected affinity-purified antibodies raised against fos to determine whether and when during the cell cycle c-fos expression was required for cell proliferation. Using this independent method, we found that microinjected fos antibodies efficiently blocked serum-stimulated DNA synthesis when injected up to 6 to 8 h after serum stimulation of quiescent REF-52 fibroblasts. Furthermore, when fos antibodies were injected into asynchronously growing cells, a consistently greater number of cells was prevented from synthesizing DNA than when cells were injected with nonspecific immunoglobulins. Thus, whereas the activity of c-fos may be necessary for transition of fibroblasts from G0 to G1 of the cell cycle, its function is also required during the early G1 portion of the cell cycle to allow subsequent DNA synthesis.
The Role of Homogeneous Reactions in the Radiolysis of Water (1983)

Chemical effects occur in irradiated systems both in the tracks of particles and in background reactions which take place homogeneously. The latter reactions are considered here in some detail for the case of γ-irradiated water. A model is introduced in which 7 species are involved in 10 reactions to describe irradiated acid water and 11 species are involved in 20 reactions for the case of neutral water. The differential equations of this model are presented. They are ill-conditioned stiff equations and ordinary numerical methods are inadequate to solve them; a method developed by one of us (S.K.D.) has been applied and it is found to yield satisfactory results. This method seems to make possible theoretical studies on irradiated systems involving arbitrary track structure and reaction sequences. Calculations are presented on several cases of γ-irradiated water (acid and neutral). Limited checks with the work of Hochanadel indicate that the model is in satisfactory agreement with experiment if all importa...
Chronic pain: electromechanical recording device for measuring patients' activity patterns. (1985)

Many authors have recommended the development and use of automated recording devices as alternatives to self-report measures of activity patterns in chronic pain patients. An electromechanical device is described that can be used to measure downtime or uptime in chronic pain patients. This monitor has several advantages over mercury tilt-switch devices including freedom from plane dependence, resistance to artifact associated with rapid or vigorous movements, and the flexibility to permit conceptualization of sitting time as either uptime or downtime, depending upon placement of the position switch. The monitor consists of a miniature electronic timer, a switching delay circuit and battery pack, an electromechanical position switch, a belt with carrying cases, and a battery recharger. The device has high reliability (agreement coefficients of 1.0) and concurrent validity (r = 0.99) for both downtime and uptime assessments. Research applications and clinical use of this device are discussed as well as directions for the further development of automated recording devices.
A Low-Complexity Joint Color Demosaicking and Zooming Algorithm for Digital Camera (2007)

This paper presents a low complexity joint color demosaicking and digital zooming algorithm for single-sensor digital cameras. The proposed algorithm directly extracts edge information from raw sensor data for interpolation in both demosaicking and zooming to preserve edge features in its output. This allows the extracted information to be exploited consistently in both stages and also efficiently, as no separate extraction process is required in different stages. The proposed algorithm can produce a zoomed full-color image as well as a zoomed Bayer color filter array image with outstanding performance as compared with conventional approaches which generally combine separate color demosaicking and digital zooming schemes.
The Karlsruhe Endoscopic Surgery Trainer as an example for virtual reality in medical education (1997)

SummaryVirtual reality (VR) is a technology that can teach surgeons new procedures and determine their level of competence before they operate on patients. An overview of the current state of development for the 'Karlsruhe Endoscopic Surgery Trainer', a VR technology-based training system for laparo-scopic surgery, is presented. Special attention is given to geometric modelling techniques for graphical real-time performance and elastodynamically deform-able tissue models.Keywords: simulationtissue modellingdeformable tissue modelsVR-based surgery training
Identification and Characterization of Murine Cytotoxic T Cells That Kill<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (2000)

As we seek to develop and evaluate new vaccines against tuberculosis, it is desirable that we understand the mechanisms of protective immunity in our models. Adoptive transfer of protection with hsp65-specific T-cell clones from infected or vaccinated mice into naïve mice had indicated that cytotoxic T cells can make a major contribution to protection. We characterized 28 CD4(+) CD8(-) and 28 CD4(-) CD8(+) hsp65-specific T-cell clones derived from infected or vaccinated mice. Half of the CD4(+) CD8(-) and 64% of the CD4(-) CD8(+) clones were cytotoxic. Cytotoxicity was associated with high expression of CD44 and gamma interferon production. Most (86%) of the cytotoxic CD4(+) CD8(-) clones lysed target cells via the Fas-FasL pathway, and most (83%) of the cytotoxic CD4(-) CD8(+) clones lysed target cells via cytotoxic granules. Only the clones using the granule-mediated pathway caused substantial loss of viability of virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis during lysis of infected macrophages, and the degree of killing closely correlated with the availability of granule marker enzyme activity. Granule-mediated cytotoxicity thus may have a key role in protection against tuberculosis by delivering mycobactericidal granule contents.
Adaptive integrated approach to group communications in multi-hop ad-hoc networks (2005)

In recent years, Mobile Ad Hoc networks (MANETs) have been extensively studied as an alternative to infrastructure networks because of their ease of deployment. The targeted environments for ad hoc networks are typically inhospitable regions where it is difficult to set up infrastructure or environments where the existing infrastructure has collapsed temporarily or permanently. MANETs maintain dynamic interconnection between mobile users through multi-hopping. MANET nodes may be highly mobile or stationary and may vary widely in terms of their capabilities and applications. All these features pose serious challenges to routing. 
Since group-oriented services are one of the key classes of applications targeted by MANETs, several multicast protocols have been proposed by the ad-hoc network community. In this dissertation, we propose techniques to provide seamless, integrated multicast service whereby a single multicast group can span different network types (e.g., fixed, fixed mobile, and different types of MANETs). Our goal is to develop an integrated, adaptive framework whereby nodes can communicate across various ad-hoc clouds running different multicast protocols. This will allow a given host to partake in multicast communication regardless of the underlying routing protocol and may require hosts to adaptively switch routing mechanisms as they move from one network to another. To our knowledge, there is little or no experience in the network research community in multicast protocol interoperation or adaptation (albeit, some proposals have been floated in the IETF) [1-3]. 
As a first step, we have studied both mesh based and tree based protocols and evaluated their performance relative to flooding. Our study shows that, although these protocols perform well under very specific scenarios of mobility, traffic load and network conditions no single protocol is optimal in all scenarios. In particular, we investigate the performance of On-demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP) and Multicast Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector (MAODV) and compare the performance with baseline flooding. Based on an extensive comparative study we also propose two flooding variations i.e. scoped flooding and hyper flooding as means to reduce overhead and increase reliability respectively. An important contribution from this initial study was a qualitative and quantitative comparison of mesh and tree based protocols and the proposed flooding variations. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Repair and mutagenesis in Escherichia coli K-12 after exposure to various alkyl-nitrosoguanidines (1983)

The mutagenic and toxic effects of a series of N-alkyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidines were examined in Escherichia coli K-12. The role of nucleotide excision repair, the SOS response, and the adaptive response in both the reduction and the production of the biological effects of these chemicals was tested. The effects of ethyl-nitrosoguanidine are similar in nucleotide excision repair-proficient and -deficient strains, but both the mutagenicity and the toxicity of alkyl groups larger than two carbons are significantly reduced by the presence of this repair system. Similarly, when alkyl groups are larger than two carbons, the umuC gene product is essential for the production of a fraction of the mutations that these lesions produce. The induction of the adaptive response had a significant effect on the toxicity of all of the chemicals tested, but its effect on mutagenicity was less uniform, having a larger effect on ethylating and propylating agents than on butylating and amylating agents.
Association of mesothelioma outcome with RERG expression (2011)

Coleman, Melissa H. MD; De Rienzo, Assunta PhD; Richards, William G. PhD; Yeap, Beow Y. ScD; Sugarbaker, David J. MD, FACS; Bueno, Raphael MD, FACS Author Information
Lineage commitment of CD34+ human hematopoietic progenitor cells. (1996)

Hematopoietic cells occur in a continuum of many different stages of functional differentiation, from totipotential stem cells to terminally differentiated lineage-specific cells. At some point during differentiation, progenitor cells become committed to a particular lineage. Little is known about the surface molecules that distinguish lineage-committed progenitor cells from multipotential progenitor cells; this study was undertaken to address this issue. Exploiting a thymic stromal cell co-culture system, we show that CD34+ bone marrow cells expressing the T lymphocyte-associated CD2 and CD7 molecules, the B lymphocyte-associated CD10 and CD19, or the myeloid-associated CD33, contain progenitor cells that can generate T lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes, indicating that the expression of any of these molecules on progenitor cells does not imply lineage commitment. CD34+CD13bright, CD34+CD14+, and CD34+CD15+ cells generated myeloid progeny, and CD34+CD20+ cells failed to differentiate along the T lymphoid and myeloid lineages. Thus expression of CD13, which precedes that of CD14 and CD15 during early hematopoiesis, appears to coincide with commitment to myeloid development. Our findings also indicate that expression of CD20 is restricted to progenitor cells committed to B lymphocyte development.
Amphiphilic Anionic Analogues of Galactosylceramide:  Synthesis, Anti-HIV-1 Activity, and gp120 Binding (2001)

We describe the synthesis together with the results of anti-HIV-1 activity and gp120-monolayer binding experiments of new galactosyl amphiphiles, analogues of galactosylceramide, an alternative receptor used by HIV to infect CD4 negative cells. These compounds consist of single- and double-chain amphiphiles containing one or two galactose residues. To favor their clustering into galactosyl-rich microdomains, their molecular structure contains also an amino group or several hydroxyls or anionic groups, such as carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate, and phosphate. Among the 12 new galactosylated compounds reported, a specific anti-HIV activity, although moderate (IC(50) from 10 to 50 microM), was detected only for three of them, i.e., I-GalSer[CO2Na][C14], II-GalSer[C14][C7SO3Na], and II-GalSer[C2SO4Na][C14], which contain an anionic group. The marked increase of surface pressure which was observed upon addition of gp120 into the aqueous subphase underneath the monolayers containing these galactolipids indicated gp120 insertion into the monolayers, suggesting that binding of these three derivatives to HIV-1 gp120 may be responsible for their anti-HIV activity.
Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) Dendrimer Conjugates of “Clickable” Agonists of the A<sub>3</sub>Adenosine Receptor and Coactivation of the P2Y<sub>14</sub>Receptor by a Tethered Nucleotide (2010)

We previously synthesized a series of potent and selective A(3) adenosine receptor (AR) agonists (North-methanocarba nucleoside 5'-uronamides) containing dialkyne groups on extended adenine C2 substituents. We coupled the distal alkyne of a 2-octadiynyl nucleoside by Cu(I)-catalyzed "click" chemistry to azide-derivatized G4 (fourth-generation) PAMAM dendrimers to form triazoles. A(3)AR activation was preserved in these multivalent conjugates, which bound with apparent K(i) of 0.1-0.3 nM. They were substituted with nucleoside moieties, solely or in combination with water-solubilizing carboxylic acid groups derived from hexynoic acid. A comparison with various amide-linked dendrimers showed that triazole-linked conjugates displayed selectivity and enhanced A(3)AR affinity. We prepared a PAMAM dendrimer containing equiproportioned peripheral azido and amino groups for conjugation of multiple ligands. A bifunctional conjugate activated both A(3) and P2Y(14) receptors (via amide-linked uridine-5'-diphosphoglucuronic acid), with selectivity in comparison to other ARs and P2Y receptors. This is the first example of targeting two different GPCRs with the same dendrimer conjugate, which is intended for activation of heteromeric GPCR aggregates. Synergistic effects of activating multiple GPCRs with a single dendrimer conjugate might be useful in disease treatment.
Traveling‐wave dielectrophoresis of microparticles (1992)

The traveling-wave-induced linear transfer of dielectric particles like living cells and artificial objects of microscopic dimensions is analyzed. It is shown that the electrode geometries must correspond to particle sizes to allow an effective manipulation of particles immersed in weakly electrolytic solutions by high frequency traveling waves. The theoretical model elaborated in this paper is in good agreement with experimental results obtained in microfabricated chambers of linearly arranged electrodes. It explains the behavior of homogeneous cellulose spheres as well as that of membrane-covered pine polls. The traveling-wave-driven electrodes are described by a superposition of time-dependent point charges. Subsequently, each of these point charges has to be considered as polarizing the dielectric particle and interacting with the polarized particle. This results in forces which effectively translocate the particle.
The mechanism of NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation. The propagation of lipid peroxidation. (1979)

NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation occurs in two distinct sequential radical steps. The first step, initiation, is the ADP-perferryl ion-catalyzed formation of low levels of lipid hydroperoxides. The second step, propagation, is the iron-catalyzed breakdown of lipid hydroperoxides formed during initiation generating reactive intermediates and products characteristic of lipid peroxidation. Propagation results in the rapid formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive material and lipid hydroperoxides. Propagation can be catalyzed by ethylenediamine tetraacetate-chelated ferrous ion, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-chelated ferrous ion, or by ferric cytochrome P-450. However, cytochrome P-450 is destroyed during propagation.
Effects of the nearest neighbors and the alloy matrix on SiH stretching vibrations in the amorphous<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">SiO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">r</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>:H (0<<i>r</i><2) alloy system (1989)

Hydrogenated silicon suboxides, ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{\mathrm{r}}$:H, for alloy range (0<r<2) have been deposited by remote plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (remote PECVD) under conditions in which hydrogen is incorporated predominantly in monohydride or SiH bonding configurations. We have investigated both the SiH bond-stretching and bond-bending absorption bands by infrared (ir) absorption spectroscopy as a function of r, the alloy composition. In this paper, we have focused on the bond-stretching absorption bands, and have modeled the shape of the bond-stretching band as a function of the alloy composition. There are four distinct local environments for the SiH group in the sub- oxides; these can be written as HSi-${\mathrm{Si}}_{3\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{n}}$${\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{n}}$, for n=0--3. A sum of Gaussian functions, one for each environment, is used to synthesize the absorption in the SiH stretching band. The peak positions of these Gaussians are calculated by an induction model which includes both local and matrix (or alloy) effects; the amplitude weightings are determined from a random statistical model for the local bonding environments of the Si-O groups in the ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{\mathrm{r}}$ alloy. We find that the frequency shifts caused by changes in the matrix, and associated with different values of r, are comparable to the shifts associated with the different local environments. The combination of these effects serves to diminish the discreteness of subband features in the absorption spectrum.