gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of textile waste water using natural catalyst (chitosan and microorganism) (2018)

The study investigates the performance of chitosan and microorganism towards treatment of textile wastewater by using aeration & flocculation process.Chitosan is found from chitin by deacetylation.Flocculation and the process are done using Jar test experiment.The effect of dosage, reduction of COD, reduction of BOD and color of textile wastewater is studied.The results obtained found that chitosan is very effective for reduction of COD, BOD and color.The best condition for COD and BOD removal is achieved at 0.1-0.2gdosage, pH 4.17 and 30minutes of settling time.Under this condition, about 40% of COD and 43% of BOD is removed, respectively.However, the results obtained using microorganism also good.Microorganism is able to remove both COD and BOD of the wastewater but COD is slightly higher than the acceptable range.
Role of<i>CAS</i>, a Human Homologue to the Yeast Chromosome Segregation Gene<i>CSE1</i>, in Toxin and Tumor Necrosis Factor Mediated Apoptosis (1996)

We have previously isolated by expression/selection cloning plasmids containing human cDNAs that rendered MCF-7 breast cancer cells resistant to immunotoxins, Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE), and diphtheria toxin (DT) [Brinkmann et al. (1995) Mol. Med. 1, 206-216]. Here we describe that one of these resistant plasmids, which contains an antisense cDNA fragment homologous to the yeast chromosome segregation gene CSE1 [CAS; Brinkmann et al. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 10427-10431], reduces the intracellular content of the human CSE1 homologue CAS protein. CAS reduction confers resistance not only to the ADP-ribosylating toxins PE and DT, but also to tumor necrosis factor alpha and beta. The resistance was observed as reduced apoptosis. CAS antisense did not affect the cell death induced by staurosporine, cycloheximide, or etoposide. The observation that CAS antisense can interfere with apoptosis mediated by TNF and ADP-ribosylating toxins suggests that CAS may play a role in selected pathways of apoptosis.
iLEAP: A HUMAN-AI TEAMING BASED MOBILE LANGUAGE LEARNING SOLUTION FOR DUAL LANGUAGE LEARNERS IN EARLY AND SPECIAL EDUCATIONS (2019)

In this research paper, we present an AR- and AI-based mobile learning tool that provides: 1.) automatic and accurateintelligibility analysis at various levels: letter, word, phrase and sentences, 2.) immediate feedback and multimodalcoaching on
A fully electromagnetic hybrid model for high density plasma simulations (1989)

Hybrid simulation methods in which ions are treated by particle-in- cell and electrons are treated as a massless fluid have proven to be useful for modeling a variety of low frequency plasma phenomena. In addition to the massless electron approximation, usually the models assume quasineutrality and the Darwin approximation to Maxwell's equations. We have considered a hybrid model in which the Darwin approximation is not used. Rather the full set of Maxwell's equations are solved. This model appears to particularly suited to modeling situation in which the plasma has a finite extent i.e., where high density plasma is next to vacuum. This model allows electromagnetic waves to propagate in the vacuum and to be properly handled in the plasma. 5 refs., 1 fig.
Genomic responses of the brain to ischemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, kainate seizures, hypoglycemia, and hypoxia (2002)

RNA expression profiles in rat brain were examined 24 h after ischemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, kainate-induced seizures, insulin-induced hypoglycemia, and hypoxia and compared to sham- or untouched controls. Rat oligonucleotide microarrays were used to compare expression of over 8000 transcripts from three subjects in each group (n = 27). Of the somewhat less than 4000 transcripts called 'present' in normal or treated cortex, 5-10% of these were up-regulated 24 h after ischemia (415), haemorrhage (205), kainate (187), and hypoglycemia (302) with relatively few genes induced by 6 h of moderate (8% oxygen) hypoxia (15). Of the genes induced 24 h after ischemia, haemorrhage, and hypoglycemia, approximately half were unique for each condition suggesting unique components of the responses to each of the injuries. A significant component of the responses involved immune-process related genes likely to represent responses to dying neurons, glia and vessels in ischemia; to blood elements in haemorrhage; and to the selectively vulnerable neurons that die after hypoglycemia. All of the genes induced by kainate were also induced either by ischemia, haemorrhage or hypoglycemia. This strongly supports the concept that excitotoxicity not only plays an important role in ischemia, but is an important mechanism of brain injury after intracerebral haemorrhage and hypoglycemia. In contrast, there was only a single gene that was down-regulated by all of the injury conditions suggesting there is not a common gene down-regulation response to injury.
Rapid Prototyping for Biomedical Engineering: Current Capabilities and Challenges (2012)

A new set of manufacturing technologies has emerged in the past decades to address market requirements in a customized way and to provide support for research tasks that require prototypes. These new techniques and technologies are usually referred to as rapid prototyping and manufacturing technologies, and they allow prototypes to be produced in a wide range of materials with remarkable precision in a couple of hours. Although they have been rapidly incorporated into product development methodologies, they are still under development, and their applications in bioengineering are continuously evolving. Rapid prototyping and manufacturing technologies can be of assistance in every stage of the development process of novel biodevices, to address various problems that can arise in the devices' interactions with biological systems and the fact that the design decisions must be tested carefully. This review focuses on the main fields of application for rapid prototyping in biomedical engineering and health sciences, as well as on the most remarkable challenges and research trends.
Recovery and Reuse of Waste PVC Coated Fabrics. Part 1: Experimental Procedures and Separation of Fabric Components (1998)

The polyester in the base fabrics (PET) and the polyvinyl chloride coating (PVC) along with plasticizers and adhesive/glue were separated from a commercial coated fabric by a scheme of chopping, grinding, and extracting with a selected preferred aqueous MEK solution. A novel recovering method called swelling method is introduced to separate and reuse waste PVC coated PET fabrics. In comparison with other recycling techniques, the swelling method is a simple procedure with minimal environmental impact. The selection of the swelling agent of methylethyl ketone (MEK) was made after an analysis of the physical and chemical properties of several chemicals. Phase separation was found in the MEK/water system that serves as swelling bath. The two phases exist over a wide concentration range. The behavior of the swelling system and the swelling properties of recovered components were investigated by parameters, such as refractive index, swelling degree, and the average particle size of recovered PVC.
Derivative chromosome 9 deletions in chronic myeloid leukaemia: interpretation of atypical D-FISH pattern (2003)

Background/Aims: New molecular cytogenetic techniques are increasingly applied as a routine investigative tool in haematological malignancies, both at diagnosis and subsequent monitoring. This report describes the interpretation of atypical signal patterns encountered using BCR–ABL dual colour dual fusion fluorescence in situ hybridisation (D-FISH) translocation probes in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Methods: Interphase FISH experiments were carried out using BCR–ABL D-FISH probes in 46 patients with CML at diagnosis and during subsequent disease monitoring. Atypical hybridisation signal patterns were characterised by molecular cytogenetic techniques and correlated with conventional karyotyping. Results: Two patients showed atypical interphase D-FISH patterns with one orange, one green, and one fusion (1O1G1F) signal. The presence of BCR–ABL gene fusion was documented by a dual colour single fusion (S-FISH) probe. The submicroscopic deletion of the ABL–BCR fusion gene on the derivative chromosome 9 in these cases was subsequently characterised by metaphase FISH on relocated G banded metaphases. Conclusions: Atypical interphase D-FISH patterns should not be interpreted in isolation and should be considered in conjunction with other cytogenetic or molecular genetic investigations.
Structure-function comparisons of the proapoptotic protein Bax in yeast and mammalian cells. (2020)

Expression of the proapoptotic protein Bax under the control of a GAL10 promoter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae resulted in galactose-inducible cell death. Immunofluorescence studies suggested that Bax is principally associated with mitochondria in yeast cells. Removal of the carboxyl-terminal transmembrane (TM) domain from Bax [creating Bax (deltaTM)] prevented targeting to mitochondrial and completely abolished cytotoxic function in yeast cells, suggesting that membrane targeting is crucial for Bax-mediated lethality. Fusing a TM domain from Mas70p, a yeast mitochondrial outer membrane protein, to Bax (deltaTM) restored targeting to mitochondria and cytotoxic function in yeast cells. Deletion of four well-conserved amino acids (IGDE) from the BH3 domain of Bax ablated its ability to homodimerize and completely abrogated lethality in yeast cells. In contrast, several Bax mutants which retained ability to homodimerize (deltaBH1, deltaBH2, and delta1-58) also retained at least partial lethal function in yeast cells. In coimmunoprecipitation experiments, expression of the wild-type Bax protein in Rat-1 fibroblasts and 293 epithelial cells induced apoptosis, whereas the Bax (deltaIGDE) mutant failed to induce apoptosis and did not associate with endogenous wild-type Bax protein. In contrast to yeast cells, Bax (deltaTM) protein retained cytotoxic function in Rat-1 and 293 cells, was targeted largely to mitochondria, and dimerized with endogenous Bax in mammalian cells. Thus, the dimerization-mediating BH3 domain and targeting to mitochondrial membranes appear to be essential for the cytotoxic function of Bax in both yeast and mammalian cells.
Is Normal or Less Than Normal Overall Loudness Preferred by First-Time Hearing Aid Users? (2004)

LessLoudn, which gave less than normal overall loudness according to the loudness model used, was preferred both in the field and in the laboratory tests. Speech recognition scores were similar for both methods. A comparison between the measured gain for NormLoudn and the gain prescribed by CAMEQ, NAL-NL1, and DSL[i/o], suggests that all three prescriptive procedures (DSL[i/o] in particular) would probably overestimate the required gain for subjects without hearing aid experience and with mild to moderate hearing loss. When providing these clients with hearing aids, it seems important to include a careful adjustment of the overall gain to avoid overamplification if the prescription used aims at restoring overall loudness to normal according to the loudness model used here.
Advanced Electrostatic Technologies for Dehydration of Heavy Oils (2005)

Effective oil/water separation continues to be a major challenge in heavy oil (HO) production operations and often involves high capital costs (large, heated vessels) and high operation costs (heat, fouling, upsets, chemicals). Application of new electrostatic dehydration technologies has the potential to have a major impact in reducing these costs. A systematic evaluation of four electrostatic dehydration technologies was performed using lab, bench scale, and pilot scale (40 gallons) testing. Four heavy oils ranging from 8 to 21 API were used. Performance criteria measured were effective emulsion separation rate (vessel throughput), separated oil and brine quality, water droplet size distribution for inlet and outlet emulsions, and comparison with field data (as available) for older electrostatic technologies. Traditional bottle tests were performed for reference. A 2 to 4 fold increase in emulsion treating rate was observed for some of the heavy oils using the newer electrostatic technologies relative to the traditional Alternating Current (AC) method with the same output quality of crude and brine. Relative cost data per barrel of emulsion processed were developed from system cost estimates and throughput data developed in the pilot tests. Treatment with acid to bring the separated brine into a 6 to 6.5 pH range had a very beneficial effect on the oil/water separation for some of the heavy oils with high TAN.
Cloning and Expression of Murine High Molecular Mass Heat Shock Proteins, HSP105 (1995)

We have shown that the 105-kDa heat shock protein (HSP105) and the 42 degrees C-specific heat shock protein (42 degrees C-HSP) constitute high molecular mass heat shock proteins. To elucidate the structure of these heat shock proteins, we have screened a cDNA library constructed with poly(A)+ RNA derived from mouse FM3A cells preheated at 42 degrees C for 2 h using an antibody against murine HSP105. Two full-length cDNA clones were obtained: the pB105-1 insert encoded an 858-amino acid protein, and the pB105-2 insert encoded an 814-amino acid protein and lacked 44 amino acids found in pB105-1. The two clones contained the amino acid sequence found in the 17-kDa polypeptide fragments from HSP105 and 42 degrees C-HSP by lysylendopeptidase digestion. In vitro translation products of the RNA transcripts from pB105-1 and pB105-2 migrated to the same positions of HSP105 and 42 degrees C-HSP, respectively, on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Northern blot analysis showed that the transcript was approximately 4 kilobases in murine FM3A cells and was strongly induced by heat shock and by treatment with arsenite or an amino acid analog. By reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis using primers by which deletion of 132 nucleotides in pB105-2 could be detected, the polymerase chain reaction product corresponding to pB105-2 was increased only after heat shock at 42 degrees C, whereas the product corresponding to pB105-1 was induced by heat shock at either 42 or 45 degrees C and also by other stresses. Thus, the cDNA clones pB105-1 and pB105-2 encode HSP105 and 42 degrees C-HSP, respectively, and HSP105 and 42 degrees C-HSP (a short form of HSP105) are suggested to be produced by alternative splicing. Here, HSP105 and 42 degrees C-HSP are renamed HSP105 alpha and HSP105 beta, respectively. A protein sequence homology search revealed that HSP105 shares 54, 34, and 25% amino acid identity with human HSP70RY, the sea urchin egg receptor for sperm, and murine inducible HSP70, respectively. Furthermore, by Northern blot analysis, HSP105 mRNA was revealed to be present in most murine tissues and to be highly expressed in the brain.
Development of a Lateral Flow Immunoassay (LFA) Strip for the Rapid Detection of 1‐Aminohydantoin in Meat Samples (2011)

Nitrofurantoin is one of antibiotics of the nitrofuran family, which has been used not only to prevent and treat diseases, but also to promote growth in animals. However, concerning the carcinogenicity of the metabolite of nitrofurantoin (AHD), a new fast and convenient method for monitoring AHD should be established. We describe the development of a new test assay for rapid screening of meat samples.
Spectral modulation for full linear polarimetry (2009)

Linear (spectro) polarimetry is usually performed using separate photon flux measurements after spatial or temporal polarization modulation. Such classical polarimeters are limited in sensitivity and accuracy by systematic effects and noise. We describe a spectral modulation principle that is based on encoding the full linear polarization properties of light in its spectrum. Such spectral modulation is obtained with an optical train of an achromatic quarter-wave retarder, an athermal multiple-order retarder, and a polarizer. The emergent spectral modulation is sinusoidal with its amplitude scaling with the degree of linear polarization and its phase scaling with the angle of linear polarization. The large advantage of this passive setup is that all polarization information is, in principle, contained in a single spectral measurement, thereby eliminating all differential effects that potentially create spurious polarization signals. Since the polarization properties are obtained through curve fitting, the susceptibility to noise is relatively low. We provide general design options for a spectral modulator and describe the design of a prototype modulator. Currently, the setup in combination with a dedicated retrieval algorithm can be used to measure linear polarization signals with a relative accuracy of 5%.
On realization of modified encoding/decoding for high capacity panoramic video (2009)

Providing high quality panoramic video over Internet, mobile and broadcasting areas, requires a suitable video codec that satisfies both high-compression efficiency and random access functionality. On the user side, high compression efficiency is necessary to enable video streaming of high-volume panoramic data; the random access functions allow the user to move the viewpoint and direction freely. In this research, we introduce the cell concept for compression efficiency and random access functionality and propose a high-speed algorithm for the encoder and decoder of wide screen panoramic images.
The Effect of Bobath Therapy on Balance and Walking in Patients with Stroke (2013)

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of bobath treatment on the balance and gait in adult hemiplegia. Methods : The study was performed with patients of hemiparesis caused by cerebral stroke. The participants were based on random sampling method. The hemiplegia patient received Bobath therapy. Each rehabilitation program lasted 40 minutes a day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks. Pertinent indicators Berg's balance scale (BBS), gait velocity, and static balance analysis were recorded before and after the programs, as well as every 2 weeks during the rehabilitation programs. Results : There was showed a significantly increase of BBS score. Static open and close showed statistically significant in interaction by time and groups. There was significant difference of gait velocity. Conclusion : These findings in this study that the Bobath therapy was effective therapy in improving dynamic balance and gait velocity.
Rapid, Selection-Free, High-Efficiency Genome Editing in Protozoan Parasites Using CRISPR-Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins (2017)

Trypanosomatids (order Kinetoplastida), including the human pathogens <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> (agent of Chagas disease), <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i>, (African sleeping sickness), and <i>Leishmania</i> (leishmaniasis), affect millions of people and animals globally. <i>T. cruzi</i> is considered one of the least studied and most poorly understood tropical disease-causing parasites, in part because of the relative lack of facile genetic engineering tools. This situation has improved recently through the application of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) technology, but a number of limitations remain, including the toxicity of continuous Cas9 expression and the long drug marker selection times. In this study, we show that the delivery of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes composed of recombinant Cas9 from <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (SaCas9), but not from the more routinely used <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Cas9 (SpCas9), and <i>in vitro</i>-transcribed single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) results in rapid gene edits in <i>T. cruzi</i> and other kinetoplastids at frequencies approaching 100%. The highly efficient genome editing via SaCas9/sgRNA RNPs was obtained for both reporter and endogenous genes and observed in multiple parasite life cycle stages in various strains of <i>T. cruzi</i>, as well as in <i>T. brucei</i> and <i>Leishmania major</i> RNP complex delivery was also used to successfully tag proteins at endogenous loci and to assess the biological functions of essential genes. Thus, the use of SaCas9 RNP complexes for gene editing in kinetoplastids provides a simple, rapid, and cloning- and selection-free method to assess gene function in these important human pathogens.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Protozoan parasites remain some of the highest-impact human and animal pathogens, with very limited treatment and prevention options. The development of improved therapeutics and vaccines depends on a better understanding of the unique biology of these organisms, and understanding their biology, in turn, requires the ability to track and manipulate the products of genes. In this work, we describe new methods that are available to essentially any laboratory and applicable to any parasite isolate for easily and rapidly editing the genomes of kinetoplastid parasites. We demonstrate that these methods provide the means to quickly assess function, including that of the products of essential genes and potential targets of drugs, and to tag gene products at their endogenous loci. This is all achieved without gene cloning or drug selection. We expect this advance to enable investigations, especially in <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> and <i>Leishmania</i> spp., that have eluded investigators for decades.
Nano-structured Wild Moth Cocoon Fibers as Radiative Cooling and Waveguiding Optical Materials (2017)

The study shows that comet moth cocoon fibers exhibit radiative cooling properties with enhanced solar reflectivity and thermal emissivity. Optical waveguiding due to transverse Anderson localization of light is also observed in these natural fibers.
N.M.R. chemical shift imaging (1984)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Medical Engineering and Medical Physics, 1984.
Measurement of haplotypic variation in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae within a single field by rep-PCR and RFLP analyses (1996)

The haplotypic variation of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in a farmer;s field that had endemic bacterial blight in the Philippines was evaluated at a single time. The genomic structure of the field population was analyzed by repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction with oligonucleotide primers corresponding to interspersed repeated sequences in prokaryotic genomes and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with the insertion sequence IS1113. The techniques and specific probes and primers were selected because they grouped consistently into the same lineages a set of 30 selected X. oryzae pv. oryzae strains that represented the four distinct RFLP lineages found in the Philippines did. Strains (155) were systematically collected from a field planted to rice cv. Sinandomeng, which is susceptible to the indigenous pathogen population. Two of the four Philippine lineages, B and C, which included race 2 and races 3 and 9, respectively, were detected in the field. Lineage C was the predominant population (74.8%). The haplotypic diversities of 10 of the 25 blocks were significantly greater than the total haplotypic diversity of the collection in the entire field; however, between individual blocks the haplotypic diversities were not significantly different. Haplo-types from both lineages were distributed randomly across the field. Analysis more » of genetic diversity at the microgeographic scale provided insights into the finer scale of variation of X. oryzae pv. oryzae, which are useful in designing experiments to study effects of host resistance on the population structure of the bacterial blight pathogen. 46 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs. « less