gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy Computing Applications for Anti-Money Laundering and Distributed Storage System Load Monitoring (2011)

Abstract—Fuzzy computing (FC) has made a great impact in capturing human domain knowledge and modeling non-linear mapping of input-output space. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of FC systems for detection of money laundering behaviors in financial transactions and monitoring of distributed storage system load. Our objective is to demonstrate the power of FC for real-world applications which are characterized by imprecise, uncertain data, and incomplete domain knowledge. For both applications, we designed fuzzy rules based on experts ’ domain knowledge, depending on money laundering scenarios in transactions or the “health ” of a distributed storage system. In addition, we developped a generic fuzzy inference engine and contributed to the open source community.
Postmodern Interpretations of Satie's Parade (2013)

If postmodernism can be considered ahistorically, as a stylistic category operative at any time and in any place, then there are many older works that suddenly seem to speak strongly to our present age. This paper argues the case for taking Erik Satie as a postmodernist: his music is marked by bricolage (the E-driophthalma movement from Embryons desséchés , 1913, borrows a theme, according to the score, "from a celebrated mazurka by Schubert"); by polystylism (the cabaret songs written for Vincent Hyspa, or Parade with its quotation from Irving Berlin); and by materialism of the signifier (what Satie calls furniture music).
Bright Fluorescent Nanodiamonds:  No Photobleaching and Low Cytotoxicity (2005)

Diamond nanocrystals emit bright fluorescence at 600-800 nm after irradiation by a 3 MeV proton beam (5 x 1015 ions/cm2) and annealing at 800 degrees C (2 h) in vacuum. The irradiation/annealing process yields high concentrations of nitrogen-vacancy defect centers ( approximately 107 centers/mum3), making possible visualization of the individual 100 nm diamond crystallites using a fluorescence microscope. The fluorescent nanodiamonds (FND) show no sign of photobleaching and can be taken up by mammalian cells with minimal cytotoxicity. The nanomaterial can have far-reaching biological applications.
A new gene of the <i>ƒ1</i> operon of <i>Y. pestis</i> involved in the capsule biogenesis (1992)

The DNA sequence determination of the f1 operon between the genes encoding the F1 subunit (caf1) and chaperone-like protein (caf1M) revealed a large open reading frame that codes for a polypeptide similar to some E. coli proteins involved in the biogenesis of fimbria. The deletion and in trans complementation analyses showed that this gene is not necessary for extracellular transport of the F1 subunit but plays a role in the capsule assembly.
Three Terpenes and One Phenolic Compound from Sasa borealis (2007)

【Four compounds of previously known structures, friedeline (1), 3-hydroxyglutinol (2), p-hydroxy-benzealdehyde (3), and squalene (4) were obtained from the n-hexane- and EtOAc-soluble fractions of the dried whole plants of Sasa borealis. The structures of 1-4 were identified by the interpretation of their spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D NMR as well as by comparison with previously reported values. This is the first report on the isolation of compounds 1-4 from S. borealis.】
Field-free spin-orbit torque switching of a perpendicular ferromagnet with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (2019)

Leveraging on interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) induced intrinsic magnetization tilting in nanostructures, a parametric window enabling field-free spin-orbit torque (SOT) magnetization switching in a perpendicular ferromagnet is established. The critical current density (Jc) bounds for SOT switching are highly dependent on the DMI, producing a distorted diamond-shaped region bounded by the Jc-DMI curves. The widest Jc interval is found for DMI values between 0.5 mJ/m2 and 0.8 mJ/m2. Geometrical modulation, of the ferromagnetic layer, reveals that the circular structure is optimum for minimizing the switching energy while maximizing the parametric window. For all the structures investigated, the SOT induced reversal process is via domain wall nucleation and propagation, and the switching is practical at room temperature.
Reflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction of Heteroepitaxy in Chemical Vapor Deposition Reactor: Atomic-Layer Epitaxy of GaAs, AlAs and GaP on Si (1993)

We developed an observation technique of reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) for chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Using this technique, growth procedures of GaAs, AlAs and GaP on Si substrates, including thermal cleaning of Si, prelayer deposition and initial stage of growth, were examined. The growth was done applying atomic layer epitaxy in a CVD reactor. Then the origin of three-dimensional island growth on Si was studied. To separate the effects of lattice mismatch and those originating from the Si surface, growth of GaAs/GaP and GaP/GaAs was also examined. We concluded that the island growth at the initial stage was not directly induced by the lattice mismatch but by unintentional adsorption of intrinsic atoms onto the Si surface. The surface morphology was improved by depositing a prelayer at an optimum temperature of 850°C and growing an AlAs buffer layer.
Noise properties of multilayered Co-alloy magnetic recording media (1990)

The results of the medium-noise characterization of multilayered magnetic recording films having thin nonmagnetic isolation layers are presented. A substantial reduction of all types of medium noise was found for several Co alloys when multilayered. This reduction in noise power is approximately proportional to 1/(number of magnetic layers) but also depends on film thickness and other factors. The primary cause of the reduction is evidently the breaking of exchange between magnetic layers. It is also found that the intrinsic noise power per unit varies with film thickness, more in some alloys than in others, altering the noise reduction for multilayers. Evidence also suggests that magnetostatic interactions between layers further reduce the noise power. A phenomenological model explaining the observed effects is presented. The evidence suggests that a similar effect would be observed in any metal-film recording medium.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Modular Activating Receptors in Innate and Adaptive Immunity (2017)

Triggering of cell-mediated immunity is largely dependent on the recognition of foreign or abnormal molecules by a myriad of cell surface-bound receptors. Many activating immune receptors do not possess any intrinsic signaling capacity but instead form noncovalent complexes with one or more dimeric signaling modules that communicate with a common set of kinases to initiate intracellular information-transfer pathways. This modular architecture, where the ligand binding and signaling functions are detached from one another, is a common theme that is widely employed throughout the innate and adaptive arms of immune systems. The evolutionary advantages of this highly adaptable platform for molecular recognition are visible in the variety of ligand-receptor interactions that can be linked to common signaling pathways, the diversification of receptor modules in response to pathogen challenges, and the amplification of cellular responses through incorporation of multiple signaling motifs. Here we provide an overview of the major classes of modular activating immune receptors and outline the current state of knowledge regarding how these receptors assemble, recognize their ligands, and ultimately trigger intracellular signal transduction pathways that activate immune cell effector functions.
Portal directory broadcast system (2002)

dbsThis paper proposes the first prototype implemented with the broad based directory service systems characterized by synchronization protocol data unit filtering. The system improves retrieval capability for contents delivery systems under minimum resource constraints.
Rate control for robust video transmission over burst-error wireless channels (1999)

We study the problem of rate control for transmission of video over burst-error wireless channels, i.e., channels such that errors tend to occur in clusters during fading periods. In particular we consider a scenario consisting of packet based transmission with automatic repeat request (ARQ) error control and a back channel. We start by showing how the delay constraints in real time video transmission can be translated into rate constraints at the encoder, where the applicable rate constraints at a given time depend on future channel rates. With the acknowledgments received through the back channel we have an estimate of the current channel state. This information, combined with an a priori model of the channel, allows us to statistically model the future channel rates. Thus the rate constraints at the encoder can be expressed in terms of the expected channel behavior. We can then formalize a rate distortion optimization problem, namely, that of assigning quantizers to each of the video blocks stored in the encoder buffer such that the quality of the received video is maximized. This requires that the rate constraints be included in the optimization, since violating a rate constraint is equivalent to violating a delay constraint and thus results in losing a video block. We formalize two possible approaches. The first one seeks to minimize the distortion for the expected rate constraints given the channel model and current observation. The second approach seeks to allocate bits so as to minimize the expected distortion for the given model. We use both dynamic programming and Lagrangian optimization approaches to solve these problems. Our simulation results demonstrate that both the video distortion at the decoder and packet loss rate can be significantly reduced when incorporating the channel information provided by the feedback channel and the a priori model into the rate control algorithm.
Docker container security via heuristics-based multilateral security-conceptual and pragmatic study (2016)

In this paper we attempt to provide unified security and privacy multilateral security architecture for cloud services stack, using key latest technology via LxC in general and Docker containers in specific. Docker is one of the first to use LxC at such a large scale, but LxC is not a very new concept, it is around for quite some time. Docker container service is a key Platform as a Service (PaaS) based engine. Unified layered cloud computing multilateral security implementation addresses the potential risks associated with cloud computing environment. It also specifies when, at what time, where, and how to apply security controls. Unified Design includes the structured connection between the components of cloud ecosystem for basket and bucket of unified cloud-based hybrid services using micro service oriented venture architectural services realized in terms of PAAS using Docker container as a service. We surveyed various industry/academic professionals and based on our experience we tried to understand the challenges they faced while using the cloud system. We tried to understand the security challenges, incidents, story pieces, accidents, experience they faced while designing, implementing and using the cloud services/resources virtually via online. This work helps to assess the security design and architecture quality using multilateral security framework for Docker container. We try to present the architecture using OSI/TCP/IP stack model with reference to Cloud service stack model and deployment stack model and try to propose the balanced multilateral security prototype with reference to Docker Container security architecture.
Dynamic Vision Systems for Autonomous Mobile Robots (2005)

. the architecture of multi-processor computer systems The logical structure of robot vision systems is analyzed as a basis for designing such systems. Both sensor data fusion and knowledge representation in a vision system may be broken down into four hierarchical levels where at each level knowledge represen- .
Recent Advances on Face Recongition using Thermal Infrared Images (2011)

Thermal Infrared Images 5
Catalytic Activity of an RNA Molecule Prepared by Transcription in Vitro (1984)

Ribonuclease P is a ribonucleoprotein that cleaves precursors to transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to yield the correct 5' terminal sequences of the mature tRNA's. The RNA moiety M1 RNA of ribonuclease P from Escherichia coli and the unprocessed transcript prepared in vitro of the gene for M1 RNA can both perform the cleavage reactions of the canonical enzyme in the absence of the protein moiety. When the transcript of the M1 RNA gene is combined with the protein moiety not only is a tRNA precursor cleaved but also the precursor to 4.5S RNA from Escherichia coli.
Room-Temperature Imprint Lithography (2001)

Room-temperature imprint lithography showing unique features that are impossible to achieve with conventional high-temperature processes is unveiled here. Large-area nanopatterning, enabled by step-and-repeat and multiple imprinting (see Figure), leads to more versatile and practical nanoscale patterning.
Spherical gradient-index polymer lens with low spherical aberration (1994)

A sphere lens with a spherical gradient index (GRIN) was prepared by the modified suspension polymerization technique. GRIN spheres with quadratic- and linear-index distributions were obtained by two different methods to confirm the effect of the GRIN profile on the focusing property of the sphere lens. It was confirmed in both theory and experiment that the spherical aberration of such GRIN spheres was remarkably decreased compared with that of a homogeneous sphere.
<i>N</i> -Acylhomoserine Lactones Undergo Lactonolysis in a pH-, Temperature-, and Acyl Chain Length-Dependent Manner during Growth of <i>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2002)

In gram-negative bacterial pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, cell-to-cell communication via the N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) signal molecules is involved in the cell population density-dependent control of genes associated with virulence. This phenomenon, termed quorum sensing, relies upon the accumulation of AHLs to a threshold concentration at which target structural genes are activated. By using biosensors capable of detecting a range of AHLs we observed that, in cultures of Y. pseudotuberculosis and P. aeruginosa, AHLs accumulate during the exponential phase but largely disappear during the stationary phase. When added to late-stationary-phase, cell-free culture supernatants of the respective pathogen, the major P. aeruginosa [N-butanoylhomoserine lactone (C4-HSL) and N-(3-oxododecanoyl)homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C12-HSL)] and Y. pseudotuberculosis [N-(3-oxohexanoyl)homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C6-HSL) and N-hexanoylhomoserine lactone (C6-HSL)] AHLs were inactivated. Short-acyl-chain compounds (e.g., C4-HSL) were turned over more extensively than long-chain molecules (e.g., 3-oxo-C12-HSL). Little AHL inactivation occurred with cell extracts, and no evidence for inactivation by specific enzymes was apparent. This AHL turnover was discovered to be due to pH-dependent lactonolysis. By acidifying the growth media to pH 2.0, lactonolysis could be reversed. By using carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we found that the ring opening of homoserine lactone (HSL), N-propionyl HSL (C3-HSL), and C4-HSL increased as pH increased but diminished as the N-acyl chain was lengthened. At low pH levels, the lactone rings closed but not via a simple reversal of the ring opening reaction mechanism. Ring opening of C4-HSL, C6-HSL, 3-oxo-C6-HSL, and N-octanoylhomoserine lactone (C8-HSL), as determined by the reduction of pH in aqueous solutions with time, was also less rapid for AHLs with more electron-donating longer side chains. Raising the temperature from 22 to 37 degrees C increased the rate of ring opening. Taken together, these data show that (i) to be functional under physiological conditions in mammalian tissue fluids, AHLs require an N-acyl side chain of at least four carbons in length and (ii) that the longer the acyl side chain the more stable the AHL signal molecule.
Feeding by Actinophrys sol (Protista, Heliozoa): 1 light microscopy. (1981)

The feeding behavior of the heliozoon Actinophrys sol was investigated using the ciliate Colpidium colpoda as food. The ciliate is caught by adhesion to the arms of the heliozoon. Within 20 min the prey is enclosed by a funnel-shaped pseudopodium which progresses over the prey by the action of its differentiated leading edge. Independent Actinophrys cells may fuse together during prey capture and the early stages of prey digestion. After prey ingestion, the ciliate is lysed and the contents of the food vacuole coagulate. Much of the fluid is removed from the food vacuole and, within 4 h of feeding, the food vacuole has condensed around its coagulated contents. As food vacuole condensation occurs, the peripheral region of the heliozoon cell becomes vacuolated. The appearance of the cell and of the food vacuole remain the same for about 12 h, after which time the undigested residues in the food vacuoles are egested, fused masses of cells separate as uninucleate cells and nuclear division may occur. During feeding, the extrusomes are greatly depleted. These bodies are implicated in the processes of food capture and in the production of food vacuole membrane.
Bladder-Relaxant Properties of the Novel Benzofuroindole Analogue LDD175 (2009)

The present study describes the bladder-relaxant properties of LDD175 (4-chloro-7-trifluoromethyl-10H-benzo[4,5]furo [3,2-b]indole-1-carboxylic acid), a novel benzofuroindole compound. LDD175 had no significant effect on the spontaneous and electrically evoked bladder contractions, but produced concentration-dependent relaxation in strips precontracted by 1 micromol/l acetylcholine (pEC(50) = 5.9 +/- 0.2, E(max) = 90.3 +/- 2.6%; 100 micromol/l, n = 6). In high K(+)- (20 and 80 mmol/l) stimulated samples, LDD175 caused a concentration-dependent relaxant activity which was significant in 20 mmol/l K(+) (pEC(50) = 5.6 +/- 0.2, E(max) = 63.1 +/- 4.8%, n = 6), but not in 80 mmol/l K(+) (pEC(50) = 5.1 +/- 0.3, E(max) = 12.7 +/- 2.5%, n = 6). Iberiotoxin (100 nmol/l), a specific BKCa blocker, attenuated the compound's relaxative effect (vehicle = 65.7 +/- 9.2% vs. iberiotoxin 28.0 +/- 3.5%, respectively, n = 3), but not tetraethylammonium chloride (10 mmol/l), a nonselective K(+) channel blocker, barium chloride (10 mmol/l), a conventional K(IR) blocker, and glibenclamide (1 mmol/l), a K(ATP) blocker. LDD175 was evaluated in both endothelium-intact and denuded rat aorta contracted with high K(+). In these preparations, LDD175 did not produce significant inhibition. Administered intravenously to conscious restrained rats, LDD175 (10 mg/kg) did not alter the rat's hemodynamic activity (i.e. blood pressure and heart rate). When tested in the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) for its influence on their voiding behavior, LDD175 (5 and 10 mg/kg) significantly reduced voiding frequency and lengthened void intervals of the animals. These observations: (1) reveal the BKCa channel potentiation of LDD175; (2) support previous claims concerning the bladder (vs. vascular) selectivity of benzofuroindole compounds; (3) demonstrate the efficacy of LDD175 in the animal model of bladder overactivity (SHR). Therefore, the compound may be potentially useful in the treatment of bladder overactivity.
Fast approximate similarity search based on degree-reduced neighborhood graphs (2011)

This paper presents a fast approximate similarity search method for finding the most similar object to a given query object from an object set with a dissimilarity with a success probability exceeding a given value. As a search index, the proposed method utilizes a degree-reduced k-nearest neighbor (k-DR) graph constructed from the object set with the dissimilarity, and explores the k-DR graph along its edges using a greedy search (GS) algorithm starting from multiple initial vertices with parallel processing. In the graph-construction stage, the structural parameter k of the k-DR graph is determined so that the probability with which at least one search trial of those with multiple initial vertices succeeds is more than the given success probability. To estimate the greedy-search success probability, we introduce the concept of a basin in the k-DR graph. The experimental results on a real data set verify the approximation scheme and high search performance of the proposed method and demonstrate that it is superior to E2LSH in terms of the expected search cost.
Mechanisms of Action of Ig Preparations: Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Effects (2015)

Primary immunodeficiency (PID) disorders that predispose patients to recurrent infections require immunoglobulin (Ig) replacement therapy. Ig replacement therapy has been stated as beneficial, although the optimal IgG trough level to be maintained over time in order to minimize infectious risk has not been established. The most common route of administration of Ig has been intravenously, although there are different options, one of them being the subcutaneous route. Ig replacement therapy has been a life-saving treatment for patients suffering from primary and secondary antibody immunodeficiency. The key role of regular Ig replacement in patients with antibody deficiencies is related to the ability to provide specific antibodies that could not be produced by these patients as demonstrated by the reduction of severe infections such as meningitis and pneumonia. The therapeutic benefits of Ig may also be due to an active role in various anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities, which may complicate the clinical picture of PID. Anti-inflammatory activities are seen more generally when intravenous Ig is administered at high dose. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities are important not only in the treatment of autoimmune diseases but also in patients suffering from immunodeficiency.
Dynamic Sampling Rate Adjustment for Compressive Spectrum Sensing over Cognitive Radio Network (2012)

In this paper, a dynamic sampling rate adjustment scheme is proposed for compressive spectrum sensing in cognitive radio network. Nowadays, compressive sensing (CS) has been proposed with a revolutionary idea to sense the sparse spectrum by using a lower sampling rate. However, many methods for compressive spectrum sensing assume that the sparse level is static and a fixed compressive sampling rate is applied over time. To adapt to time-varying sparse levels and adjust the sampling rate, we proposed to model sparse levels as a dynamic system and treat the dynamic rate selection as a tracking problem. By introducing the Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) algorithm into a distributed compressive spectrum sensing framework, we could not only track the optimal sampling rate but determine the unoccupied channels accurately in a unified method.