gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Corn Rootworm Control, 1988 (1989)

Abstract Nine soil insecticides were applied at the full rate at planting time and at a reduced rate at planting and first cultivation times at Concord, Nebr. The test plots were planted 6 May in a continuous corn field (at least 8 yr) with a silty clay loam soil type. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 4 replicates. Each treatment consisted of a single 50-ft-long row; rows were 30 inches apart. Insecticides were applied in a 7-inch band by a Noble granular metering unit mounted on a hand-powered bicycle applicator equipped with incorporation tines. Cultivation time treatments were applied over the row followed immediately by a tractor-mounted cultivator. Planting time treatments were applied on 10 May and cultivation treatments were applied on 31 May. No phytotoxicity was observed. Feeding damage was evaluated 7-12 Jul. Five roots were dug from each treatment row and rated by the Iowa 1-6 scale (1, no damage; 6, 3 or more nodes of roots completely destroyed).
A Multicast Routing Scheme for a Universal Spiking Neural Network Architecture (2009)

A multicast routing infrastructure is proposed as a core feature of SpiNNaker, a massively parallel computer for the real-time simulation of large-scale spiking neural networks. The infrastructure is implemented using a communications router, based on an event-driven routing scheme, on each multicore processing node in the system. The design considerations emphasize the difference between the requirements of neural network communications and those of conventional computer networks and on-chip networks. The focus of the design is on neural modelling flexibility, power-efficiency, fault-tolerance and the communication throughput of the router.
Automatic data driven vegetation modeling for lidar simulation (2012)

Traditional lidar simulations render surface models to generate simulated range data. For objects with welldefined surfaces, this approach works well, and traditional 3D scene reconstruction algorithms can be employed to automatically generate the surface models. This approach breaks down, though, for many trees, tall grasses, and other objects with fine-scale geometry: surface models do not easily represent the geometry, and automated reconstruction from real data is difficult. In this paper, we introduce a new stochastic volumetric model that better captures the complexities of real lidar data of vegetation and is far better suited for automatic modeling of scenes from field collected lidar data. We also introduce several methods for automatic modeling and for simulating lidar data utilizing the new model. To measure the performance of the stochastic simulation we use histogram comparison metrics to quantify the differences between data produced by the real and simulated lidar. We evaluate our approach on a range of real world datasets and show improved fidelity for simulating geo-specific outdoor, vegetation scenes.
MIPS16 : High-density MIPS for the embedded market (1997)

The invention of RISC, or Reduced Instruction Set Computer technology, has been credited to several people. Certainly a great deal of the credit must go to John Cocke of IBM’s Yorktown research labs, where a processor called the 801 (named for the building in which Cocke and his team worked) pioneered the concept of designing processors and compilers in tandem. In the days when most applications were coded in assembly language, there was some programmer productivity to be gained in providing powerful machine instructions that handled complex tasks, such as single instructions that search memory for a particular value or even solve polynomial equations. The earliest 16-bit microprocessors, such as the 8086, 68000, Z8000 and NS32016 inherited this legacy from the minicomputers they were intended to replace.
Using Color and Geometric Models for Extracting Facial Features (1998)

We describe a method for finding the eyes and mouth in a color image of a human face. This method makes use of two new models: a skin color model and a three-dimensional (3-D) geometric model of facial features. The skin color model is based on a medical model for the reflectance of skin and applies to all kinds of skin color. The 3-D geometry model is based on medical statistics of dimensions of the human face and is used to evaluate the geometry of facial features. This model applies for any orientation of the face. The algorithm first determines candidates of facial features by color segmentation. Sets of mouth candidates and eye candidates are evaluated based on the color of the segment that surrounds them and its geometry using the skin color model and the 3-D geometry model. The features are recognized according to the candidate set with the highest likelihood. In experiments, the algorithm detects the features correctly in a large majority of face images in many orientations with a cluttered background.
Parteien (2000)

Parteien sind in modernen politischen Systemen allgegenwärtig, und ihre (plurale) Existenz gilt als Merkmal der → Demokratie. Sie nehmen eine „intermediäre“ Stellung zwischen Staat und → Gesellschaft ein, dienen der Regierungsbildung und der Aggregation und Vermittlung von Interessen. Ihre Leistungsfähigkeit trägt dazu bei, politische Stabilität und Integration sowie ökonomische Effizienz zu gewährleisten. In wissenschaftlichen Ansätzen variiert ihre Funktionsweise zwischen „Stimmenmaximierungsapparat“, multifunktionaler „sozialer Organisation“, biirokratisierter „Großpartei“ (bzw. komplementär „Kleinpartei“) oder gar „organisierter Anarchie“ (A. Mintzel/H. Oberreuter 1992).
Appliance consumption signature database and recognition test protocols (2013)

We report on the creation of a database of appliance consumption signatures and two test protocols to be used for appliance recognition tasks. By means of plug-based low-end sensors measuring the electrical consumption at low frequency, typically every 10 seconds, we made two acquisition sessions of one hour on about 100 home appliances divided into 10 categories: mobile phones (via chargers), coffee machines, computer stations (including monitor), fridges and freezers, Hi-Fi systems (CD players), lamp (CFL), laptops (via chargers), microwave oven, printers, and televisions (LCD or LED). We measured their consumption in terms of real power (W), reactive power (var), RMS current (A) and phase of voltage relative to current (φ). We now give free access to this ACS-Fl database. The proposed test protocols will help the scientific community to objectively compare new algorithms.
Curcumin is a non‐competitive and selective inhibitor of phosphorylase kinase (1994)

Recently, we reported that curcumin (diferuloylmethane) inhibits the growth of several different kinds of tumor cells. In order to investigate the mechanism of this inhibition, we examined the effects of curcumin on different protein kinases: highly purified protein kinase A (PkA), protein kinase C (PkC), protamine kinase (cPK), phosphorylase kinase (PhK), autophosphorylation-activated protein kinase (AK) and pp60c-src tyrosine kinase. While all kinases tested were inhibited by curcumin, only PhK was completely inhibited at relatively lower concentrations. At around 0.1 mM curcumin, PhK, pp60c-src, PkC, PkA, AK, and cPK were inhibited by 98%, 40%, 15%, 10%, 1%, and 0.5%, respectively. Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis indicated that curcumin is a non-competitive inhibitor of PhK with a Ki of 0.075 mM. Overall, our results indicate that curcumin is a potent and selective inhibitor of phosphorylase kinase, a key regulatory enzyme involved in the metabolism of glycogen. This has important implications for the anti-proliferative effects of curcumin.
Electron density and atomic displacements in KTaO<sub>3</sub> (2000)

The atomic interactions and anharmonicity of atomic displacements in the virtual ferroelectric KTaO3, potassium tantalate, have been studied using accurate single-crystal X-ray diffraction at room temperature. The multipole analysis of electron density and Gram-Charlier series description of anharmonic atomic displacements allowed us to perform a quantitative analysis of the chemical bonding and atomic motion in this crystal. Closed-shell interactions between Ta-O and K-O pairs of atoms were found, while no interaction was observed for the Ta-K and O-O atomic pairs. The character of the anharmonic atomic displacements is discussed and compared with those in SrTiO3.
Global Public Telephone Service (1954)

The international telephone services of the world are an important part of the global picture. The ability of business men and travelers to reach by telephone almost any place in the world is a great boon to international commerce and better understanding between the peoples of the world. The furnishing of the world wide service is the result of the cooperative efforts of the many organizations handling the service throughout the world. We have reviewed the growth of this service from the United States over the years and may look forward to its continued expansion in the future. Through the continued cooperation of all those concerned the problems of expansion and improvement of the service can and will be solved to provide a better service for the user.
Specific Detection of Unamplified Mycobacterial DNA by Use of Fluorescent Semiconductor Quantum Dots and Magnetic Beads (2010)

Here we present the development of a specific DNA detection method using fluorescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) and magnetic beads (MBs) for fast detection of Mycobacterium spp., dispensing with the need for DNA amplification. Two biotinylated oligonucleotide probes were used to recognize and detect specific complementary mycobacterial target DNA through a sandwich hybridization reaction. Cadmium selenite QDs conjugated with streptavidin and species-specific probes were used to produce a fluorescent signal. MBs conjugated with streptavidin and a genus-specific probe were used to isolate and concentrate the DNA targets. The application of the proposed method to isolated bacteria produced the expected result in all cases. The minimum detection limit of the assay was defined as 12.5 ng of DNA diluted in a sample volume of 20 microl. In order to obtain an indication of the method's performance with clinical samples, we applied the optimized assay to the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in DNA isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from patients with tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in DNA isolated from feces and paraffin-embedded tissues in comparison with culture, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, and real-time PCR. The concordance of these methods compared to the proposed method with regard to positive and negative samples varied between 53.84% and 87.23% and between 84.61% and 100%, respectively. The overall accuracy of the QD assay compared to real-time PCR was 70 to 90% depending on the type of clinical material. The proposed diagnostic assay offers a simple, rapid, specific, and cost-effective method for direct detection and identification of mycobacterial DNA in clinical samples.
Cyanobacterium metallothionein decorated graphene oxide nanosheets for highly selective adsorption of ultra-trace cadmium (2012)

Graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were decorated with a cysteine-rich metal-binding protein, cyanobacterium metallothionein (SmtA). The SmtA–GO composites were characterized by means of FT-IR, AFM and TGA, giving rise to a SmtA binding amount of 867 mg g−1. The SmtA–GO composites exhibit ultra-high selectivity toward the adsorption of cadmium, i.e., the tolerant concentrations for the coexisting metal and anionic species were 1–800 000 fold improved after SmtA decoration with respect to bare GO. The SmtA–GO composites were then assembled onto the surface of cytopore microbeads and used for highly selective adsorption and preconcentration of ultra-trace cadmium. In comparison with bare GO (carboxyl-rich GO) loaded cytopore (GO@cytopore), SmtA–GO loaded cytopore (SmtA–GO@cytopore) shows a 3.3-fold improvement over the binding capacity of cadmium, i.e. 7.70 mg g−1 for SmtA–GO@cytopore compared to 2.34 mg g−1 for that by GO@cytopore. A novel procedure for selective cadmium preconcentration was developed using SmtA–GO@cytopore beads as a renewable sorption medium incorporated into a sequential injection lab-on-valve system, with detection by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). The cadmium retained on the SmtA–GO surface was eluted with a small amount of nitric acid. An enrichment factor of 14.6 and a detection limit of 1.2 ng L−1 were achieved within a linear range of 5–100 ng L−1 by using a sample volume of 1 mL. The procedure was validated by analyzing cadmium in certified reference materials and a series of environmental water samples.
Modified kit procedure for the kinetic assay of ethanol (1980)

Abstract We have examined the utility of a commercial kit procedure for the determination of ethanol (EtOH), based upon its enzymatic oxidation and the concurrent production of NADH, monitored by photometry at 340 nm. We found that the equilibrium production of NADH is not stoichiometric with respect to initial ethanol concentration, and that with this procedure, the calibration curve for end‐point assay of ethanol is linear only for very dilute solutions. Likewise, the kinetic assay of ethanol using the kit procedure is limited to very dilute samples (i.e., concentration in the reaction mixture of ⩽2.3 mg EtOH/liter). We describe a simple modification of the kit procedure which makes it amenable to the precise kinetic assay of up to 150 mg EtOH/liter in the reaction mixture. This increase in the dynamic range for kinetic assay of ethanol results form the use of hydrazine both as a trapping agent for the acetaldehyde reaction product and as a competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme.
Low Temperature Thermal Evaporation Process for the Synthesis of ZnO Nanowires (2013)

ZnO nanowires were synthesized by thermal evaporation of ZnBr2 powder at relatively low temperatures of 600–700°C under air atmosphere. Any catalysts and substrates were not used in the synthesis of ZnO nanowires. The ZnO nanowires had a typical diameter of 100 nm and lengths up to several tens micrometers. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern indicated that the ZnO had hexagonal wurtzite structure. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) image showed clearly that catalyst particles existed at the tips of nanowires. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis revealed that the catalyst particles were composed of Zn and O. Based on the SEM and EDX results, it was suggested that the nanowires were grown via self-catalytic growth mechanism. A strong green emission was observed in the room temperature cathodoluminescence spectrum.
Relative value units and productivity: Part 2 of 4. (2002)

The initial article in this series (Volume 17, No. 5: 225-228) discussed relative value unit (RVU) basics and touched on some of the more practical applications of RVUs for managing a medical practice. This article addresses how RVUs differ from encounters and fees in terms of measuring provider productivity and resource consumption. RVUs empower practice administrators to objectively measure and quantify a medical practice's physician productivity and performance data versus traditional productivity measures such as office visits, net charges, net collections, etc. The Resource-Based Relative Value Scale (RBRVS) RVU work component is specifically designed to measure physician (and midlevel provider) effort and the degree of independent decision-making skill required for performing a procedure; therefore, productivity is directly linked to provider coding.
Effects of Age on Measures of Complex Working Memory Span in the Beagle Dog (<i>Canis familiaris</i>) Using Two Versions of a Spatial List Learning Paradigm (2003)

The present study used two versions of a spatial list learning (SLL) paradigm to examine the effects of increased cognitive load on visuospatial working memory processes in young and old beagle dogs. In the first experiment, young, and a select group of old dogs were first presented with one item, then two, and then three, and were rewarded for responding to the novel position. The dogs were able to learn the task at short delays, but compared with young dogs, old dogs performed worse at delays of 10 sec, and could not reach longer delays. Analysis of errors indicated that memory was best for end items in the spatial list and that within sessions, the number of errors in later trials was greater than the number of errors in earlier trials. A second version of the task, a modified SLL (mSLL) was developed to control for the use of non-mnemonic strategies on the SLL task. In this version, the first two items were presented individually. Acquisition and maximal memory performance were better in the young relative to the old dogs. Similar to the original SLL design, memory for early list items was worse than memory for later list items in both young and old dogs. The within-session pattern of errors however, did not change from trial to trial on the mSLL. The present results suggest that multiple working memory processes are engaged during complex tests of visuospatial function and the neuroanatomical substrates controlling these processes are affected differentially by age in the beagle dog.
Gene Expression Profiling of Liver Cancer Stem Cells by RNA-Sequencing (2012)

The identified genes, such as GPC3 that are distinctly expressed in liver CD90(+)CSCs, may be promising gene candidates for HCC therapy without inducing damages to normal liver stem cells.
Tumor Dormancy Induced by Downregulation of Urokinase Receptor in Human Carcinoma Involves Integrin and MAPK Signaling (1999)

Mechanisms that regulate the transition of metastases from clinically undetectable and dormant to progressively growing are the least understood aspects of cancer biology. Here, we show that a large ( approximately 70%) reduction in the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) level in human carcinoma HEp3 cells, while not affecting their in vitro growth, induced a protracted state of tumor dormancy in vivo, with G(0)/G(1) arrest. We have now identified the mechanism responsible for the induction of dormancy. We found that uPA/uPAR proteins were physically associated with alpha5beta1, and that in cells with low uPAR the frequency of this association was significantly reduced, leading to a reduced avidity of alpha5beta1 and a lower adhesion of cells to the fibronectin (FN). Adhesion to FN resulted in a robust and persistent ERK1/2 activation and serum-independent growth stimulation of only uPAR-rich cells. Compared with uPAR-rich tumorigenic cells, the basal level of active extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) was four to sixfold reduced in uPAR-poor dormant cells and its stimulation by single chain uPA (scuPA) was weak and showed slow kinetics. The high basal level of active ERK in uPAR-rich cells could be strongly and rapidly stimulated by scuPA. Disruption of uPAR-alpha5beta1 complexes in uPAR-rich cells with antibodies or a peptide that disrupts uPAR-beta1 interactions, reduced the FN-dependent ERK1/2 activation. These results indicate that dormancy of low uPAR cells may be the consequence of insufficient uPA/uPAR/alpha5beta1 complexes, which cannot induce ERK1/2 activity above a threshold needed to sustain tumor growth in vivo. In support of this conclusion we found that treatment of uPAR-rich cells, which maintain high ERK activity in vivo, with reagents interfering with the uPAR/beta1 signal to ERK activation, mimic the in vivo dormancy induced by downregulation of uPAR.
New Fluorinated Polymers Doped with BODIPY Chromophore as Highly Efficient and Photostable Optical Materials (2006)

The design and synthesis of new fluorinated polymers opens new challenges for the science of materials and enhances novel properties, economic processes, and innovative applications, especially in optoelectronic and biophotonic fields. The development of efficient, highly stable and inexpensive hosts for laser dyes promises to fill the gap between non-user-friendly liquid dye lasers and expensive inorganic solid-state lasers.
Selective catalytic dehydrogenation of alkanes to alkenes (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective catalytic dehydrogenation of alkanes to alkenesMark J. Burk and Robert H. CrabtreeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 26, 8025–8032Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00260a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00260a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4114Altmetric-Citations220LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Structural Model for Duck Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein Derived by Extensive Mutagenesis (2007)

Duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) shares many fundamental features with human HBV. However, the DHBV core protein (DHBc), forming the nucleocapsid shell, is much larger than that of HBV (HBc) and, in contrast to HBc, there is little direct information on its structure. Here we applied an efficient expression system for recombinant DHBc particles to the biochemical analysis of a large panel of mutant DHBc proteins. By combining these data with primary sequence alignments, secondary structure prediction, and three-dimensional modeling, we propose a model for the fold of DHBc. Its major features are a HBc-like two-domain structure with an assembly domain comprising the first about 185 amino acids and a C-terminal nucleic acid binding domain (CTD), connected by a morphogenic linker region that is longer than in HBc and extends into the CTD. The assembly domain shares with HBc a framework of four major alpha-helices but is decorated at its tip with an extra element that contains at least one helix and that is made up only in part by the previously predicted insertion sequence. All subelements are interconnected, such that structural changes at one site are transmitted to others, resulting in an unexpected variability of particle morphologies. Key features of the model are independently supported by the accompanying epitope mapping study. These data should be valuable for functional studies on the impact of core protein structure on virus replication, and some of the mutant proteins may be particularly suitable for higher-resolution structural investigations.