gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Progesterone and oestrogen receptors in the decidualized mouse uterus and effects of different types of anti-progesterone treatment (1995)

Pseudopregnant mice were treated systemically with monoclonal anti-progesterone antibody (DB3) (model 1), or progesterone receptor antagonists RU486 or ZK98,299 (ZK299) (model 2) on day 3 post coitum. On day 4, sesame oil was administered intraluminally into one uterine horn to induce decidualization. On day 7, the average mass of the oil-injected horn was 335.2 +/- 52.4 mg, eight times greater than that of the non-injected horn (40.8 +/- 5.3 mg; P < 0.001). After treatment with DB3, RU486 or ZK299, the masses of the injected horns did not differ significantly from those of non-injected horns. In the control group, concentrations of progesterone receptors (ligand-binding assay) increased twofold in the decidualized (52.2 +/- 7.4 fmol mg-1) compared with the non-injected horn (26.0 +/- 7.6 fmol mg-1; P < 0.05), whereas oestrogen receptor content (ligand-exchange assay) decreased by 53% (104.9 +/- 18.2 versus 224.3 +/- 18.1 fmol mg-1; P < 0.001). In model 1, antibody-treated animals showed a tenfold increase in the concentration of progesterone receptors (261.7 +/- 81.1 fmol mg-1; P < 0.001), but there was no differential distribution of progesterone or oestrogen receptors in the oil-injected versus non-injected uterine horns. In model 2, uterine progesterone and oestrogen receptors again showed no differential response between injected and non-injected horns regardless of the route of administration (systemic or intraluminal). Concentrations of progesterone receptors in RU486-treated (35.8 +/- 9.4 fmol mg-1) and ZK299-treated (32.0 +/- 10.2 fmol mg-1) mice were comparable to those in non-injected horns (35.3 +/- 6.3 and 34.2 +/- 5.1 fmol mg-1, respectively) and were not significantly different from the control group (26.0 +/- 7.6 fmol mg-1). The results show that oil-induced decidualization is accompanied by increased concentrations of progesterone receptors and decreased concentrations of oestrogen receptors. When decidualization is blocked by anti-progesterone treatment (antibody against progesterone or progesterone receptor antagonist), there are differing effects on receptor responses with an increase in progesterone receptors and decrease in oestrogen receptors after passive immunization, and no change in progesterone receptors and a reduction in oestrogen receptors after anti-progestins. The anti-decidualization effect in the two models was therefore achieved via dissimilar uterine receptor responses.
Multi-criteria service recommendation based on user criteria preferences (2011)

Research in recommender systems is now starting to recognise the importance of multiple selection criteria to improve the recommendation output. In this paper, we present a novel approach to multi-criteria recommendation, based on the idea of clustering users in "preference lattices" (partial orders) according to their criteria preferences. We assume that some selection criteria for an item (product or a service) will dominate the overall ranking, and that these dominant criteria will be different for different users. Following this assumption, we cluster users based on their criteria preferences, creating a "preference lattice". The recommendation output for a user is then based on ratings by other users from the same or close clusters. Having introduced the general approach of clustering, we proceed to formulate three alternative recommendation methods instantiating the approach: (a) using the aggregation function of the criteria, (b) using the overall item ratings, and (c) combining clustering with collaborative filtering. We then evaluate the accuracy of the three methods using a set of experiments on a service ranking dataset, and compare them with a conventional collaborative filtering approach extended to cover multiple criteria. The results indicate that our third method, which combines clustering and extended collaborative filtering, produces the highest accuracy.
The Chaos Theory and Non-linear Dynamics in Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Heart Failure (2008)

This study evaluate and quantify the non-linear dynamic changes of heart rate variability based on ldquochaos theoryrdquo and fractal mathematics in 250 patients with heart failure during 12 months. Some different non-linear methods were applied: fractal dimension (FD), detrented fluctuation analysis (DFA) and approximate entropy (ApEn). Fractal correlation properties and fractal dimension in this study may reflect altered neuroanatomic interaction that may predispose to the development of severe HF. It was found that the short-term fractal scaling exponent (alpha <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> ) is significantly lower in patients with HF. The patients with HF had also lower approximate entropy and higher fractal dimension with positive impact of modern HE therapy.
New Natural Products in Cancer Chemotherapy (1990)

Four new and clinically relevant antineoplastic natural products are reviewed. Taxol is derived from the bark of the western yew. It promotes the formation of microtubule bundles which deform the cytoskeleton and interfere with mitosis. Although phase II efficacy testing is incomplete, taxol is effective in the treatment of patients with ovarian carcinoma and has some activity in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma. It remains untested against several other neoplasms. The chief toxicities of taxol are myelosuppression, mucositis, anaphylactoid reactions, and peripheral neuropathy. Homoharringtonine is the most active and abundant of the cephalotaxine esters derived from the genus Cephalotaxus. This agent appears to act at the ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis and has clinical activity in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. The dose limiting toxicities of homoharringtonine are hypotension and myelosuppression. SKF 104864 and CPT-11 are derivatives of camptothecin which are still in early clinical trials. They are cytotoxic in vitro, acting through an interaction with topoisomerase I to induce DNA fragmentation. The spectra of activity and toxicity of SKF 104864 and CPT-11 are still undefined. All four of these new natural products offer possibilities for clinical activity for patients with a variety of malignancies.
K<sup>+</sup> channels and the microglial respiratory burst (2001)

Microglial activation following central nervous system damage or disease often culminates in a respiratory burst that is necessary for antimicrobial function, but, paradoxically, can damage bystander cells. We show that several K+ channels are expressed and play a role in the respiratory burst of cultured rat microglia. Three pharmacologically separable K+ currents had properties of Kv1.3 and the Ca2+/calmodulin-gated channels, SK2, SK3, and SK4. mRNA was detected for Kv1.3, Kv1.5, SK2, and/or SK3, and SK4. Protein was detected for Kv1.3, Kv1.5, and SK3 (selective SK2 and SK4 antibodies not available). No Kv1.5-like current was detected, and confocal immunofluorescence showed the protein to be subcellular, in contrast to the robust membrane localization of Kv1.3. To determine whether any of these channels play a role in microglial activation, a respiratory burst was stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and measured using a single cell, fluorescence-based dihydrorhodamine 123 assay. The respiratory burst was markedly inhibited by blockers of SK2 (apamin) and SK4 channels (clotrimazole and charybdotoxin), and to a lesser extent, by the potent Kv1.3 blocker agitoxin-2.
スポーツにおける 'あがり' の原因帰属と性格の関係 (2008)

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of personality on causal attributions of choking in sport. We performed questionnaire surveys on 358 college and graduate students involved in sports, and performed covariance structure analysis to examine relationships between latent variables. We found that extroversion and emotional stability were personality traits associated with causal attributions of choking. Furthermore, the fear of failure, being conscious of others, and a weak personality were causative factors of choking. Athletes with low emotional stability attributed the causes of choking to fear of failure, being conscious of others, and a weak personality. Athletes with low extroversion attributed the causes of choking to a weak personality. Previous studies have not addressed how individual differences in personality traits influence choking in sport. Our findings suggest that deepening the understanding of choking can be facilitated by considering both personality traits and causative factors.
Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined with Fractional Laser Therapy for Skin Rejuvenation (2012)

PRP with fractional laser treatment is a good combination therapy for skin rejuvenation. Keratinocyte and fibroblast proliferation and collagen production can explain the capacity of PRP to increase dermal elasticity.
Heme Oxygenase-1 Enhances Renal Mitochondrial Transport Carriers and Cytochrome c Oxidase Activity in Experimental Diabetes (2006)

Up-regulation of heme oxygenase (HO-1) by either cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) or human gene transfer improves vascular and renal function by several mechanisms, including increases in antioxidant levels and decreases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vascular and renal tissue. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of HO-1 overexpression on mitochondrial transporters, cytochrome c oxidase, and anti-apoptotic proteins in diabetic rats (streptozotocin, (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes). Renal mitochondrial carnitine, deoxynucleotide, and ADP/ATP carriers were significantly reduced in diabetic compared with nondiabetic rats (p < 0.05). The citrate carrier was not significantly decreased in diabetic tissue. CoPP administration produced a robust increase in carnitine, citrate, deoxynucleotide, dicarboxylate, and ADP/ATP carriers and no significant change in oxoglutarate and aspartate/glutamate carriers. The increase in mitochondrial carriers (MCs) was associated with a significant increase in cytochrome c oxidase activity. The administration of tin mesoporphyrin (SnMP), an inhibitor of HO-1 activity, prevented the restoration of MCs in diabetic rats. Human HO-1 cDNA transfer into diabetic rats increased both HO-1 protein and activity, and restored mitochondrial ADP/ATP and deoxynucleotide carriers. The increase in HO-1 by CoPP administration was associated with a significant increase in the phosphorylation of AKT and levels of BcL-XL proteins. These observations in experimental diabetes suggest that the cytoprotective mechanism of HO-1 against oxidative stress involves an increase in the levels of MCs and anti-apoptotic proteins as well as in cytochrome c oxidase activity.
Development and implementation of communication skills in dentistry: an example from South Africa (2008)

Abstract Dental students should realise early in their careers – in dental school – the importance of developing and mastering sound communication skills with patients. As a result, the aim of this study was to develop and implement a course in communication skills for third year dental students. The methodology employed in the study comprised the following three phases: Phase I: identification of specific outcomes essential for the dentist to be competitive in the emerging South African dental environment. Phase II: development of an outcome‐based course according to the South African Qualifications Authority format (Purpose, Embedded knowledge, Assessment criteria). Phase III: implementation of the course. Implementation of the course involved a pre‐ and post‐training cycle . The subjects were 67 third year dental students. The following instruments were employed: a study guide; a case study; an assessment rubric; two questionnaires, namely “Patient’s” feedback and “Dentist’s” feedback; a standardised patient. The results were as follows: the class as a whole scored significantly higher during training cycle 2 compared with training cycle 1 ( P < 0.0001). The important roles of trust, empathy and active listening in establishing a meaningful relationship with a patient, which was conveyed by means of the course, were emphasised by the majority of students.
Identification and Application of a Rice Senescence-Associated Promoter       (2010)

SAG39 is a rice (Oryza sativa) gene that encodes a cysteine protease. SAG39 shares 55% homology with the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) senescence-associated protein SAG12. The promoter for SAG39 (P(SAG39)) was isolated, and SAG39 expression was determined to be relatively low in mature leaves, while not expressed in the endosperm. SAG39 mRNA levels increased as senescence progressed, with maximum accumulation of transcripts at late senescence stages. Gel retardation assays indicated that two cis-acting elements in P(SAG39), HBOXCONSENSUSPVCHS and WRKY71OS, responded to leaf senescence. To test if P(SAG39) could be useful for increasing rice yields by increasing cytokinin content and delaying senescence, homozygous transgenic plants were obtained by linking P(SAG39) to the ipt gene and introducing it into Zhonghua 11. The chlorophyll level of the flag leaf was used to monitor senescence, confirming the stay-green phenotype in P(SAG39):ipt transgenic rice versus wild-type plants. Changes in the cytokinin content led to early flowering and a greater number of emerged panicles 70 d after germination in the transgenic rice. Measurements of sugar and nitrogen contents in flag leaves demonstrated a transition in the source-sink relationship in transgenic plants triggered at the onset of leaf senescence, with the nitrogen content decreasing more slowly, while sugars were removed more rapidly than in wild-type plants. The importance of these changes to rice physiology, yield, and early maturation will be discussed.
Modulating Ion Transport and Self-Assembly of Polymer Electrolytes via End-Group Chemistry (2017)

We report a rational design of solid-state dry polymer electrolytes with high conductivity, high mechanical strength, and improved cation transference number. Thiol–ene click chemistry provided orthogonal control over the type and number of end groups in poly(styrene-b-ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) block copolymers. This approach permitted the synthesis of PEO chains with reduced crystallinity, reminiscent of PEO oligomers, thereby playing a key role in improving the room temperature conductivity. Intriguingly, the incorporation of diol or dicarboxylic acid end groups in PS-b-PEO produced a well-defined gyroid structure, leading to order of magnitude improvements in the storage modulus. Out of the various samples examined, the electrolytes bearing terminal diol displayed the highest ionic conductivity and a 2-fold increase in lithium transference number. The improvements in performance are attributed to the reduced interchain aggregation and the anion stabilization mediated by the terminal diol group. The fact that the dramatic changes in ion transport and mechanical properties of PS-b-PEO samples were brought about solely by the modification of single terminal group of the PEO unit confirmed end-group chemistry as a powerful tool for the design of efficient solid-state polymer electrolytes. This work should find applications in various emerging electrochemical technologies, namely those employed in energy storage and conversion.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis Risk (2012)

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common cause of gastrointestinal-related morbidity and mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Its onset is sudden and the smallest, most premature infants are the most vulnerable. Necrotizing enterocolitis is a costly disease, accounting for nearly 20% of NICU costs annually. Necrotizing enterocolitis survivors requiring surgery often stay in the NICU more than 90 days and are among those most likely to stay more than 6 months. Significant variations exist in the incidence across regions and units. Although the only consistent independent predictors for NEC remain prematurity and formula feeding, others exist that could increase risk when combined. Awareness of NEC risk factors and adopting practices to reduce NEC risk, including human milk feeding, the use of feeding guidelines, and probiotics, have been shown to reduce the incidence of NEC. The purpose of this review is to examine the state of the science on NEC risk factors and make recommendations for practice and research.
Photon energy storage materials with high energy densities based on diacetylene–azobenzene derivatives (2016)

Photocontrolled self-assembly of molecules can be utilized to significantly improve the photon energy storage in photoswitching materials.
Histopathological and Clinical Study on Malignant Ovarian Tumors (1989)

This study was planned to evaluate the clinical status of 33 patients with malignant ovarian tumors, who were admitted, operated, and confirmed histopathologically at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University Hospital during the period of 5 years from January 1984 to December 1988.The results were as follows :1) The incidence of malignant ovarian tumors was 13.1% of all ovarian tumors.2) The most common clinical symptom was palpable abdominal mass(54.5%), and the rest were abdominal discomfort(42.4%), abdominal distention(30.3%), and vaginal bleeding(24.2%) in that order.The patients with malignant ovarian tumor were comprised of stage I(51.5%), stage II(15.2%), stage III(21.2%) and stage IV(12.1%).3) According to histopathological classification, patients with epithelial tumor were 81.8%, and epithelial tumors were divided into the serous type(34.3%) and mucinous type(30.3%), undifferentiated type(12.1%), and endomentrioid type(6.1%), Other tumors were germ cell tumor(endodermal sinus tumor, malignant teratoma), granulosa cell tumor(endodermal sinus tumor, malignant teratoma), granulosa cell tumor, and Krukenberg tumor.4) Operative methods for malignant ovarian tumor were total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy(24.3%), total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with omentectomy(21.2%), and total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with lymphnode biopsy(9.1%).Postoperative chemotherapy for patients were done in 75.7% of patients, and 30.3% of patients with melphalan, 39.4% with combination therapy of cisplatinum-based regimen(aclacinon plus cyclophosphamide, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, bleomycin).5) 14 patients(42.4%) were alive in the follow-up period from less than 1 year to 5years and 11 patients were in stage I, 2 patients in stage II, and 1 patient in stage III.12 patients(36.4%) were dead; 2 patients with stage I endodermal sinus tumor were dead within 6 months since the diagnosis was confirmed, 6 patients with stage III and 4 patients with stage IV were dead within 6-18 months.
PUSHING THE LIMITS of Femtosecond Technology: Chirped Dielectric Mirrors (1995)

Chirped dielectric mirrors availability allows the construction of more compact, stable, and user-friendly femtosecond oscillators and amplifiers than previously possible. In addition, they offer the potential for obtaining gain-bandwidth-limited pulses from Ti: sapphire and related broadband femtosecond solid-state oscillators. This means that the way is open toward the generation of optical pulses comprising only 1 cycle of light.
Mining of Alluvial Lands - Hunter Valley No.1 Mine (1996)

This paper describes the process by which a development consent and mining lease was obtained for the extension of mining operations onto the alluvial lands of the Hunter River at Hunter Valley No. 1 Mine, in the Hunter Valley of NSW. Discussion is provided on the environmental feasibility studies and planning process that lead to the preparation of an EIS. Mining of alluvial lands of the Hunter River is a sensitive issue because of the agricultural potential of this class of land and the potential effects on hydraulic and geohydrological components of the area. Innovative solutions were developed to overcome the concerns and the subsequent development consent was the first to be given for coal mining on alluvial lands in the Hunter Valley.
Island Cells Control Temporal Association Memory (2014)

Episodic memory requires associations of temporally discontiguous events. In the entorhinal-hippocampal network, temporal associations are driven by a direct pathway from layer III of the medial entorhinal cortex (MECIII) to the hippocampal CA1 region. However, the identification of neural circuits that regulate this association has remained unknown. In layer II of entorhinal cortex (ECII), we report clusters of excitatory neurons called island cells, which appear in a curvilinear matrix of bulblike structures, directly project to CA1, and activate interneurons that target the distal dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons. Island cells suppress the excitatory MECIII input through the feed-forward inhibition to control the strength and duration of temporal association in trace fear memory. Together, the two EC inputs compose a control circuit for temporal association memory.
The Synthesis of Aminoazole Analogs of Lysine and Arginine: The Mitsunobu Reaction with Lysinol and Argininol (1999)

Mitsunobu reaction - aminooxazole - aminothiazole - reduced peptidyl azoles - peptide isostere - thrombin inhibitor
Effects of intramammary infusions of interleukin-8 on milk protein composition and induction of acute-phase protein in cows during mammary involution. (2008)

The effects of interleukin-8 (IL-8) on bovine mammary functions such as milk protein secretion and the blood-milk barrier during mammary involution were evaluated. Following the final milking, recombinant bovine (rb) IL-8 (5 or 25 microg) and a saline placebo were individually infused into the left- and right-front teat cisterns of 6 cows, respectively. Three cows without treatment at the final milking were also used as controls. Mammary secretions and blood were collected at -24, 0, 10, 24, 72, 168, 336, and 720 h after infusion. In the mammary glands infused with 25 microg of rbIL-8, the increases in somatic cell counts and in the concentrations of serum albumin, IgG1 and IgG2, and the decreases in the concentrations of alpha- and beta-casein and beta-lactoglobulin were greater than in the control glands. In the mammary glands infused with 5 microg of rbIL-8, compared to the glands infused with 25 microg of rbIL-8, these changes were moderate. These results indicate that rbIL-8 impairs the integrity of the blood-milk barrier and suppresses milk-specific protein secretions. In the cows infused with 25 microg of rbIL-8, the rectal temperature and serum haptoglobin level were transiently elevated after the infusion, showing that intramammary infusion of rbIL-8 could elicit systemic inflammation.
Greening the internet with content-centric networking (2010)

Our energy efficiency analysis of various content dissemination strategies reveals that a change in network architecture from host-oriented to content-centric networking (CCN) can open new possibilities for energy-efficient content dissemination. In this paper, we consider energy-efficient CCN architecture and validate its energy efficiency via trace-based simulations. The results confirm that CCN is more energy efficient than conventional CDNs and P2P networks, even under incremental deployment of CCN-enabled routers.