gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 3-Gb/s/ch Transceiver for 10-mm Uninterrupted RC-Limited Global On-Chip Interconnects (2005)

Global on-chip data communication is becoming a concern as the gap between transistor speed and interconnect bandwidth increases with CMOS process scaling. Repeaters can partly bridge this gap, but the classical repeater insertion approach requires a large number of repeaters while the intrinsic data capacity of each interconnect-segment is only partially used. In this paper we analyze interconnects and show how a combination of layout, termination and equalization techniques can significantly increase the data rate for a given length of uninterrupted interconnect. To validate these techniques, a bus-transceiver test chip in a 0.13-/spl mu/m, 1.2-V, 6-M copper CMOS process has been designed. The chip uses 10-mm-long differential interconnects with wire widths and spacing of only 0.4 /spl mu/m. Differential interconnects are insensitive to common-mode disturbances (e.g., non-neighbor crosstalk) and enable the use of twists to mitigate neighbor-to-neighbor crosstalk. With transceivers operating in conventional mode, the chip achieves only 0.55 Gb/s/ch. The achievable data rate increases to 3 Gb/s/ch (consuming 2 pJ/bit) with a pulse-width pre-emphasis technique, used in combination with resistive termination.
Energy Aware Color Sets (2009)

Abstract We present a design technique for colors with the purpose of lowering the energy consumption of the display device. Our approach is based on a screen space variant energy model. The result of our design is a set of distinguishable iso‐lightness colors guided by perceptual principles. We present two variations of our approach. One is based on a set of discrete user‐named (categorical) colors, which are analyzed according to their energy consumption. The second is based on the constrained continuous optimization of color energy in the perceptually uniform CIELAB color space. We quantitatively compare our two approaches with a traditional choice of colors, demonstrating that we typically save approximately 40 percent of the energy. The color sets are applied to examples from the 2D visualization of nominal data and volume rendering of 3D scalar fields.
Characterization of ret oncogenic activation in MEN2 inherited cancer syndromes. (1996)

Germline mutations of c-ret, encoding a receptor-type tyrosine kinase, were found to be associated with variants of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2A, MEN2B), and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma. NIH/3T3 stable transfectants expressing RET with a mutation of MEN2A (MEN2A/RET) or MEN2B (MEN2B/RET) gained a transformed morphology, formed colonies in soft agar, and formed tumors in nude mice. These results confirmed that both MEN2A/RET and MEN2B/RET exert dominant transforming activities in NIH/3T3 cells. However, in contrast to their clinical manifestation, transfectants expressing MEN2A/RET exhibited a higher tumorigenicity in nude mice than transfectants expressing MEN2B/RET may depend on the presence of its ligand and/or substrates that are absent in NIH/3T3 cells. No change in the cellular localization of the mutated RET proteins was observed compared to c-RET. Interestingly, ret activation in NIT/3T3 cells appeared to be associated with up-regulation of homologous gap-junctional intercellular communication and increased expression of a gap-junctional protein, connexin43.
p75<sup>NTR</sup> expression in rat urinary bladder sensory neurons and spinal cord with cyclophosphamide‐induced cystitis (2008)

A role for nerve growth factor (NGF) in contributing to increased voiding frequency and altered sensation from the urinary bladder has been suggested. Previous studies have examined the expression and regulation of tyrosine kinase receptors (Trks) in micturition reflexes with urinary bladder inflammation. The present studies examine the expression and regulation of another receptor known to bind NGF, p75(NTR), after various durations of bladder inflammation induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP). CYP-induced cystitis increased (P < or = 0.001) p75(NTR) expression in the superficial lateral and medial dorsal horn in L1-L2 and L6-S1 spinal segments. The number of p75(NTR)-immunoreactive (-IR) cells in the lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia (DRG) also increased (P < or = 0.05) with CYP-induced cystitis (acute, intermediate, and chronic). Quantitative, real-time polymerase chain reaction also demonstrated significant increases (P < or = 0.01) in p75(NTR) mRNA in DRG with intermediate and chronic CYP-induced cystitis. Retrograde dye-tracing techniques with Fastblue were used to identify presumptive bladder afferent cells in the lumbosacral DRG. In bladder afferent cells in DRG, p75(NTR)-IR was also increased (P < or = 0.01) with cystitis. In addition to increases in p75(NTR)-IR in DRG cell bodies, increases (P < or = 0.001) in pericellular (encircling DRG cells) p75(NTR)-IR in DRG also increased. Confocal analyses demonstrated that pericellular p75(NTR)-IR was not colocalized with the glial marker, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). These studies demonstrate that p75(NTR) expression in micturition reflexes is present constitutively and modified by bladder inflammation. The functional significance of p75(NTR) expression in micturition reflexes remains to be determined.
Co-Amorphous Solid Dispersions for Solubility and Absorption Improvement of Drugs: Composition, Preparation, Characterization and Formulations for Oral Delivery (2018)

The amorphous solid state offers an improved apparent solubility and dissolution rate. However, due to thermodynamic instability and recrystallization tendencies during processing, storage and dissolution, their potential application is limited. For this reason, the production of amorphous drugs with adequate stability remains a major challenge and formulation strategies based on solid molecular dispersions are being exploited. Co-amorphous systems are a new formulation approach where the amorphous drug is stabilized through strong intermolecular interactions by a low molecular co-former. This review covers several topics applicable to co-amorphous drug delivery systems. In particular, it describes recent advances in the co-amorphous composition, preparation and solid-state characterization, as well as improvements of dissolution performance and absorption are detailed. Examples of drug-drug, drug-carboxylic acid and drug-amino acid co-amorphous dispersions interacting via hydrogen bonding, π−π interactions and ionic forces, are presented together with corresponding final dosage forms.
Rejection of inorganic salts by charged ultrafiltration membranes made of sulfonated polysulfone. (1983)

A charged ultrafiltration membrane made of sulfonated polysulfone is used to separate 10 inorganic solutes. Rejections are high when solute concentration is low, and become lower with higher concentration, which is the typical trend of the charged membrane. Thus the charged membrane can remove low content of inorganic solute at low pressure of ultrafiltration range, resulting in energy saving. Reflection coefficients and solute permeabilities are determined as functions of concentration and these are compared with the values predicted by the theoretical treatment developed here on the basis of the frictional interpretation. The osmotic coefficients of membranes are determined by use of the reflection coefficient, and are then used to calculate solute permeabilities. Though the theory predicts lower permeability at low concentration, general coincidence of theory and experiment is good. By using this result the characteristics of the charged membrane can now be estimated.
A framework for R.F. spectrum measurements and analysis (2005)

Dynamic spectrum access networks and spectrum policy depend on accurate spectrum utilization statistics. This paper presents the architecture of a collaborative framework to measure, characterize and model the utilization of the spectrum. It provides statistical methods to classify measurements as either signal or noise. Finally, it introduces algorithms for estimating signal thresholds and spectrum occupancy, and presents a performance evaluation to test the accuracy of the algorithms
Effect of GRM7 polymorphisms on the development of noise-induced hearing loss in Chinese Han workers: a nested case-control study (2018)

The results suggest that the mutant allele C of rs1485175 in GRM7 may reduce the susceptibility to NIHL in Chinese Han population.
<i>Candida albicans</i> Biofilm-Defective Mutants (2005)

Biofilm formation plays a key role in the life cycles and subsistence of many microorganisms. For the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans, biofilm development is arguably a virulence trait, because medical implants that serve as biofilm substrates are significant risk factors for infection. The development of C. albicans biofilms in vitro proceeds through an early phase, in which yeast cells populate a substrate, an intermediate phase, in which pseudohyphal and hyphal cell types are produced, and a maturation phase, in which continued cell growth is accompanied by accumulation of an extracellular matrix. Here we report the results of a screen for C. albicans biofilm-defective mutants, in which homozygous insertions in NUP85, MDS3, KEM1, and SUV3 were found to block biofilm development. Confocal microscopic examination suggests that nup85, suv3, and mds3 mutations cause early-phase arrest, whereas the kem1 mutation causes intermediate-phase arrest. All of the mutants are defective in hypha production in several media. Analysis of mixed-biofilm development indicates that all of the mutants are defective in the production of hyphae in the context of a biofilm. Because all of the mutants are defective in the retention of cells in the biofilm, we infer that hyphae provide an adherent scaffold that stabilizes the biofilm structure.
Tissue-specific carcinogenesis in transgenic mice expressing the RET proto-oncogene with a multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A mutation. (2000)

Germ line mutations of the RET proto-oncogene are responsible for the development of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A), an inherited cancer syndrome characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and parathyroid hyperplasia. To study the mechanism of tissue-specific tumor development by RET with a MEN2A (cysteine 634-->arginine) mutation, we generated transgenic mice by introducing the RET-MEN2A gene fused to Moloney murine leukemia virus long terminal repeat. Expression of the transgene and its product was detected at variable levels in a variety of tissues including thyroid, heart, liver, colon, parotid gland, and brain. All of 29 mice analyzed developed thyroid C-cell hyperplasia or medullary carcinoma, accompanying high levels of serum calcitonin. In addition, development of mammary or parotid gland adenocarcinoma was observed in one-half of the transgenic mice. RET dimerization and its complex formation with Shc and Grb2 adaptor proteins were detected in tumor tissues. Unexpectedly, no tumor formation was found in other tissues despite RET-MEN2A expression where RET dimerization was undetectable. Because these tissues but not tumors expressed glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha (GFR alpha) at high levels, this suggested that GFR alpha expression may interfere in the dimerization of the RET-MEN2A mutant proteins, leading to tissue-specific tumor development in vivo.
A Reconfigurable, Scalable and Multifunctional Experimental AutoSAR and Its Applications (2006)

The concept of AutoSAR (automobile-based SAR) was first presented by Korean researchers. This kind of SAR systems can be installed on ground-based platforms, such as automobiles, trucks or trains, and has several potential advantages compared with space and airborne SAR system. In this paper, a reconfigurable, scalable and multifunctional experiments SAR system based on commercial instruments with its architecture, key factors in design and implementation, its applications and potential advantages is subscribed.
High performance algorithms for MPEG motion estimation (2002)

We propose two high performance algorithms for motion estimation searching. The first algorithm express minimum mean square error motion estimation in terms of a cross-correlation computation; this approach reduces the number of multiply-adds needed by almost factor of two, with further improvement possible when fast cross-correlation algorithms are used. In the second algorithm we express the motion estimation computation in a form similar to the matrix-matrix multiplication computation. We propose an efficient algorithm for this computation. The algorithm exploits the memory hierarchy of the target processor and gives optimal performance for this formulation. In certain cases, both approaches can be used simultaneously.
Susceptibility of Clostridium botulinum to thirteen antimicrobial agents (1980)

A total of 224 strains of Clostridium botulinum (including isolates from 14 patients with infant botulism and 4 with wound botulism) and 15 strains of C. sporogenes were tested by agar dilution for susceptibility to tetracycline, metronidazole, erythromycin, penicillin, rifampin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, vancomycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, nalidixic acid, and gentamicin. At least 90% of the C. botulinum strains tested (except for nonproteolytic strains of toxin type F with penicillin) were susceptible to all drugs except sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, nalidixic acid, and gentamicin. Minimal inhibitory concentrations for strains from patients with infant and wound botulism were similar to those for other C. botulinum strains.
Large-Scale Schema-Free Data Deduplication Approach with Adaptive Sliding Window Using MapReduce (2015)

Data deduplication is the task of identifying all groups of objects within one or several data sets, respectively. However, this task will become difficult in the context of big data. To address this limitation, we propose a new schema-free data deduplication approach in parallel in the aspect of breeding data deduplication related to food safety. Although MapReduce framework enables efficient parallel execution of data-intensive tasks, it cannot find duplicates in adjacent block. Furthermore, current deduplication approaches with MapReduce are restricted to fixed sliding window. Therefore, we investigate possible solutions to improve current deduplication approaches with MapReduce, to make sliding window size adaptive using adaptive multiple duplicate count strategy with alterable window step, and find duplicates by overlapping boundary objects in adjacent blocks. Moreover, we propose a multi-pass Partition-Sort-Map-Reduce approach with adaptive sliding window to speed up the deduplication process. Finally, our experimental evaluation based on the breeding data on large datasets shows the high effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approaches.
Transcriptional Repression by the Retinoblastoma Protein through the Recruitment of a Histone Methyltransferase (2001)

The E2F transcription factor controls the cell cycle-dependent expression of many S-phase-specific genes. Transcriptional repression of these genes in G(0) and at the beginning of G(1) by the retinoblasma protein Rb is crucial for the proper control of cell proliferation. Rb has been proposed to function, at least in part, through the recruitment of histone deacetylases. However, recent results indicate that other chromatin-modifying enzymes are likely to be involved. Here, we show that Rb also interacts with a histone methyltransferase, which specifically methylates K9 of histone H3. The results of coimmunoprecipitation experiments of endogenous or transfected proteins indicate that this histone methyltransferase is the recently described heterochromatin-associated protein Suv39H1. Interestingly, phosphorylation of Rb in vitro as well as in vivo abolished the Rb-Suv39H1 interaction. We also found that Suv39H1 and Rb cooperate to repress E2F activity and that Suv39H1 could be recruited to E2F1 through its interaction with Rb. Taken together, these data indicate that Suv39H1 is involved in transcriptional repression by Rb and suggest an unexpected link between E2F regulation and heterochromatin.
Testing for Statistical Significance in Bispectra: A Surrogate Data Approach and Application to Neuroscience (2007)

Interactions among neural signals in different frequency bands have become a focus of strong interest in neuroscience. Bispectral analysis, a type of higher order spectral analysis, provides us with the ability to investigate such nonlinear interactions. Based on the fact that the bispectrum of a linear Gaussian process is zero, a surrogate data method was proposed to test the null hypothesis that the original data were generated by a linear Gaussian process. The method was first tested on two simulation examples. It was then applied to local field potential recordings from a monkey performing a visuomotor task. The analysis reveals nonzero bispectra for beta and gamma band activities in the premotor cortex. The rigorous statistical framework proves essential in establishing these results.
Loose anagen hair syndrome (2010)

Loose anagen syndrome (LAS) is a benign, self-limiting condition where anagen hairs are easily and painlessly extracted. It is mainly reported in childhood; however, it may variably present in adulthood as well. The presence of anagen hair devoid of its sheath and with 'floppy sock appearance' is a characteristic feature of loose anagen hair (LAH) on trichogram. LAH can be seen in normal population and in alopecia areata. The percentage of LAH in LAS is more than 50%. The histopathological findings show clefting between the layers of hair and are very useful in differentiating LAS from alopecia areata. Here, a review on the diagnostic criteria and practical guidelines are discussed so as to enable the trichologist in managing this benign, self-limiting condition and differentiating it from the other causes of non-scarring alopecias.
Further Acylated Kaempferol Rhamnosides from Platanus acerifolia Buds (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFurther Acylated Kaempferol Rhamnosides from Platanus acerifolia BudsMourad Kaouadji, Jean-Marc Morand, and Julian GarciaCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1993, 56, 9, 1618–1621Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 September 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50099a027https://doi.org/10.1021/np50099a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views245Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Factors influencing changes in the clinical immunology laboratory (1994)

The clinical immunology laboratory is primarily concerned with tests for diagnosing disease and monitoring the therapy and course of diseases mediated by immune mechanisms. In the future, the immunology laboratory will provide test services on a disease-oriented basis and will utilize assays of humoral and cellular immunity, as well as other assays based on molecular techniques. The laboratory scientist will work closely with clinicians and provide interactive consultation. The major factors that will influence future laboratory tests are: (a) governmental regulations, (b) healthcare economics, (c) advances in technology, and (d) advances in development and use of therapeutic agents. Here I discuss the interplay of these factors and their likely effect on the future role of the immunology laboratory.
Decreased bone mineral density in Prader-Willi syndrome: Comparison with obese subjects (2001)

Bone density, anthropometric data, and markers of bone turnover were collected on 21 subjects diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and compared with 9 subjects with obesity of unknown cause. In addition, urinary N-telopeptide levels were obtained in all subjects. N-telopeptides are the peptide fragments of type I collagen, the major bone matrix material. During periods of active bone degradation or high bone turnover, high levels of N-telopeptides are excreted in the urine. However, no significant difference was detected in the urinary N-telopeptide levels when corrected for creatinine excretion (raw or transformed data) between our subjects with obesity or PWS and the observed effect size of the between-group difference was small. Although N-telopeptide levels were higher but not significantly different in the subjects with PWS compared with obese controls, the subjects with PWS had significantly decreased total bone and spine mineral density and total bone mineral content (all P < 0.001). No differences in N-telopeptide levels or bone mineral density were observed between subjects with PWS and chromosome 15q deletion or maternal disomy. Thus, decreased bone mineral density in subjects with PWS may relate to the lack of depositing bone mineral during growth when bones are becoming more dense (e.g., during adolescence), possibly because of decreased production of sex or growth hormones and/or long-standing hypotonia. It may not be caused by loss, or active degradation, of bone matrix measurable by the methods described in this study further supporting the possible need for hormone therapy during adolescence.
Identification of culturable bacteria present in haemodialysis water and fluid (2004)

Water used to prepare haemodialysis fluid is not sterile, and its microbiological control is important for the prevention of haemodialysis-associated illness. Bacterial populations inhabiting a distribution system for haemodialysis water were studied over an 18-month period. 203 planktonic bacteria isolated on R2A medium were identified by restriction analysis and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. A diverse bacterial community was detected, containing predominantly Gram-negative members of the Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, as well as representatives of the genus Mycobacterium. Ecological and clinical consequences are discussed: bacteria from the genera Novosphingobium, Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas have been described in the build-up of biofilms, and others like Acinetobacter, Mycobacterium or Brevibacterium may represent a health risk to patients under haemodialysis treatment.
Effect of Growth - Regulating Substances on the Ripening and Shelf - Life of Tomatoes1,2 (1966)

Abstract Growth-regulating substances have been used extensively on horticultural crops to increase fruit set and prevent fruit drop. Several investigators have observed that preharvest application of growth regulators such as 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid may affect fruit maturity and ripening (Stewart, 4). This raised the question about the effects of the postharvest treatment of fruits with grbwth regulators.
Effects of light-emitting diode supplementary lighting on the winter growth of greenhouse plants in the Yangtze River Delta of China (2016)

These results can serve as a guide for environment control and for realizing low energy consumption for products grown in a greenhouse in the winter in Southern China.