gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A symbiotic resources sharing IoT platform in the smart cities context (2015)

Large urban areas are nowadays covered by millions of wireless devices, including not only cellular equipment carried by their inhabitants, but also several ubiquitous and pervasive platforms used to monitor and/or actuate on a variety of phenomena in the city area. Whereas the former are increasingly powerful devices equipped with advanced processors, large memory capacity, high bandwidth, and several wireless interfaces, the latter are typically resource constrained systems. Despite their differences, both kinds of systems share the same ecosystem, and therefore, it is possible to build symbiotic relationships between them. Our research aims at creating a resource-sharing platform to support such relationships, in the perspective that resource unconstrained devices can assist constrained ones, while the latter can extend the features of the former. Resource sharing between heterogeneous networks in an urban area poses several challenges, not only from a technical point of view, but also from a social perspective. In this paper we present our symbiotic resource-sharing proposal while discussing its impact on networks and citizens.
Controllable Self-Assembly of PbS Nanostars into Ordered Structures: Close-Packed Arrays and Patterned Arrays (2010)

Controllable self-assembly of uniform star-shaped PbS nanocrystals with six symmetric 100-oriented horns into highly ordered structures including close-packed arrays and patterned arrays was realized by evaporation-induced assembly routes. First, large-area three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal close-packed (hcp) arrays of PbS nanostars were assembled on clean Si substrate by drop coating and vertical deposition, respectively. Then, by using monolayer colloidal crystals (MCC) and inverted MCC (IMCC) as the template, a variety of non-close-packed (ncp) arrays of PbS nanostars with controllable patterns were fabricated through the vertical deposition method. With the MCC template, an ncp array of [111]-oriented PbS nanostars with three horns stably standing on the template plane was prepared, leading to the formation of novel star-sphere binary colloidal crystals with a stoichiometric star/sphere ratio of 1. The reflectance spectrum of the resultant MCC-PbS composite array was measured, which exhibited a considerable red shift in the reflectance peak compared with the original MCC template. Alternatively, with the IMCC template, an ncp array of [001]-oriented PbS nanostars with a single horn stretched vertically upward was obtained. Furthermore, some novel patterns for PbS ncp arrays were readily fabricated using MCC/IMCC templates with larger periodic spacings. For the template-assisted assembly of PbS nanostars, the obtained PbS ncp arrays generally inherited the long-range hexagonal order from the initial MCC template. This assembly strategy is a versatile approach and may open a new route for the controlled assembly of anisotropic nanostructured materials into large-scale ordered arrays with desirable patterns.
Corticonics neural circuits of the cerebral cortex (1991)

Understanding how the brain works is probably the greatest scientific and intellectual challenge of our generation. The cerebral cortex is the instrument by which we carry the most complex mental functions. Fortunately, there exists an immense body of knowledge concerning both cortical structure and the properties of single neurons in the cortex. With the advent of the supercomputer, there has been increased interest in neural network modeling. What is needed is a new approach to an understanding of the mammalian cerebral cortex that will provide a link between the physiological description and the computer model. This book meets that need by combining anatomy, physiology, and modeling to achieve a quantitative description of cortical function. The material is presented didactically, starting with descriptive anatomy and comprehensively examining all aspects of modeling. The book gradually leads the reader from the macroscopic cortical anatomy and standard electrophysiological properties of single neurons to neural network models and synfire chains. The most modern trends in neural network modeling are explored
Resonant Negative Refractive Index Metamaterials (2012)

Negative refractive index (NRI) media are extensively studied nowadays. The interest in these materials keeps on increasing since the year 2000 when a team at the university of California in San Diego (UCSD) published an experimental demonstration of the existence of a material presenting both a negative permittivity and negative permeability (Shelby et al. (2001); Smith, Padilla, Vier, Nemat-Nasser & Schultz (2000)). They also showed that it is necessary to attribute a negative refractive index to such media (Smith & Kroll (2000)). Novel physical phenomena such as the inversion of Doppler’s effect, Cerenkov effect and focusing using flat slabs are then predicted based on the theoretical publication V. G. Veselago dating back to 1967 (Veselago (1968)).
Optimization of yeast cell cycle analysis and morphological characterization by multispectral imaging flow cytometry (2008)

Budding yeast Saccharoymyces cerevisiae is a powerful model system for analyzing eukaryotic cell cycle regulation. Yeast cell cycle analysis is typically performed by visual analysis or flow cytometry, and both have limitations in the scope and accuracy of data obtained. This study demonstrates how multispectral imaging flow cytometry (MIFC) provides precise quantitation of cell cycle distribution and morphological phenotypes of yeast cells in flow. Cell cycle analysis of wild-type yeast, nap1Delta, and yeast overexpressing NAP1, was performed visually, by flow cytometry and by MIFC. Quantitative morphological analysis employed measurements of cellular length, thickness, and aspect ratio in an algorithm to calculate a novel feature, bud length. MIFC demonstrated reliable quantification of the yeast cell cycle compared to morphological and flow cytometric analyses. By employing this technique, we observed both the G2/M delay and elongated buds previously described in the nap1Delta strain. Using MIFC, we demonstrate that overexpression of NAP1 causes elongated buds yet only a minor disruption in the cell cycle. The different effects of NAP1 expression level on cell cycle and morphology suggests that these phenotypes are independent. Unlike conventional yeast flow cytometry, MIFC generates complete cell cycle profiles and concurrently offers multiple parameters for morphological analysis.
Using WordNet Predicates for Multilingual Named Entity Recognition (2004)

WordNet predicates (WN-PREDS) establish relations between words in a certain language and concepts of a language independent ontology. In this paper we show how WN-PREDS can be profitably used in the context of multilingual tasks where two or more wordnets are aligned. Specifically, we report about the extension to Italian of a previously developed Named Entity Recognition (NER) system for written English. Experimental results demonstrate the validity of the approach and confirm the suitability of WN-PREDS for a number of different NLP tasks.
Soybean protein diet increases low density lipoprotein receptor activity in mononuclear cells from hypercholesterolemic patients. (1987)

The effect of two diets containing different protein sources (animal vs. soybean) on the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity was tested in freshly isolated mononuclear cells from 12 individuals with severe type II hyperlipoproteinemia. The two diets, both taken for 4 wk in a crossover design were of otherwise identical composition. During the soybean protein diet period, total cholesterol was reduced by 15.9% and LDL-cholesterol by 16.4%. The diet containing animal proteins exerted no significant change in plasma lipid levels vs. the baseline findings. The soybean diet regimen dramatically affected the degradation of LDL by mononuclear cells. Degradation was increased 16-fold vs. the basal activity and 8-fold compared with the standard low lipid diet with animal proteins. There was, however, no clear relationship between the reduction of total and LDL-cholesterolemia and the increased LDL degradation. These findings confirm similar data previously obtained in cholesterol-fed rats and suggest that some factor/s, most likely of a protein nature, may regulate the expression of lipoprotein receptors in peripheral cells, particularly when receptor activity is suppressed by experimental diets and/or spontaneous hypercholesterolemia.
Ultra-Shallow Buried-Channel P-MOSFET With Extremely High Transconductance (1993)

In this paper, we present a new BC p-MOSFET which is applicable even down to 0.15 pm CMOS, at the same time giving extremely high gm values. The short-channel effects are suppressed by the use of an ultra-shallow (10 nm) buried channel layer, realized by solid-phase diffusion (SPD).
Sidewall Tapering in Reactive Ion Etching (1985)

This paper reports for the first time the existence of a sidewall tapering phenomenon in reactive ion etching (an oxide process in a commercially available hex‐type system) which is akin to that seen in sputter etching or ion milling. A facet forms in the photoresist mask because of an angular dependence of the resist loss rate. The facet angle is about 16° off vertical, and its downward propagation rate is more than twice the vertical etch rate of the resist. If this facet is allowed to reach the etching material during the course of the etch, it will replicate significantly into this material. When an initially vertical unmasked silicon step is exposed to the same oxide etch process, an identical facet is formed. However, when a bare silicon dioxide step is exposed to the process, no faceting is seen.
Cerebral and cardiac toxicity of a small dose of lignocaine. (1975)

A patient is reported in whom an intravenous bolus injection of 50 mg lignocaine produced extreme sinus bradycardia (rate 14 to 20/min). Only 2 patients with such a response to a similarly small dose have been previously reported, but these reports indicate clearly that careful electrocardiographic monitoring is advisable when lignocaine is administered.
Brefeldin A inhibits transport of the glycophorin-binding protein from <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> into the host erythrocyte (1994)

Plasmodium falciparum, a protozoan parasite of the human erythrocyte, causes the most severe form of malaria. During its intraerythrocytic development, the parasite synthesizes proteins which are exported into the host cell. The compartments involved in the secretory pathway of P. falciparum are still poorly characterized. A Golgi apparatus has not been identified, owing to the lack of specific protein markers and Golgi-specific post-translational modifications in the parasite. The fungal metabolite brefeldin A (BFA) is known to inhibit protein secretion in higher eukaryotes by disrupting the integrity of the Golgi apparatus. We have used the parasite-encoded glycophorin-binding protein (GBP), a soluble protein found in the host cell cytoplasm, as a marker to investigate the effects of BFA on protein secretion in the intracellular parasite. In the presence of BFA, GBP was not transported into the erythrocyte, but remained inside the parasite cell. The effect caused by BFA was reversible, and the protein could be chased into the host cell cytoplasm within 30 min. Transport of GBP from the BFA-sensitive site into the host cell did not require protein synthesis. Similar observations were made when infected erythrocytes were incubated at 15 degrees C. Incubation at 20 degrees C resulted in a reduction rather than a complete block of protein export. The relevance of our findings to the identification of compartments involved in protein secretion from the parasite cell is discussed.
An Electrical Sensor of Plane Coordinates (1970)

The general need for an inexpensive sensor of plane coordinates has been satisfied by devising a simple electrical method. Two orthogonal sheets of conducting paper are connected in such a way that x and y coordinates appear as independent dc potentials. For example, one may wish to process graphical information, y(x), by reading digitized x and y coordinates, by replotting a function y(x), or by feeding y(x) into a computer. These operations and others are performed by using the plane coordinate sensor with existing electronic systems.
Surveillance of vaccine breakthrough cases following MeNZB vaccination. (2008)

While epidemic strain meningococcal disease incidence has fallen dramatically with the introduction of the vaccine, these early results confirm the expectation that vaccine breakthrough cases will occur in immune competent individuals given the anticipated vaccine effectiveness of approximately 75%.
Gastrointestinal Tract Cytology: Advancing Horizons (2003)

Tide and ebb of interest in gastrointestinal tract cytology has followed technical advances in this field over the last 60 years. Cytologic samples can be obtained using gastric lavage, abrasive balloons, mucosal brushing, and fine needle aspiration (under percutaneous image guidance, endoscope and endoscopic ultrasound guidance). These advances now allow simultaneous performance of brushing the abnormal mucosa, obtaining fine needle aspirates and excising mucosal biopsy samples for evaluation. Use of endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspirates now help to obtain diagnosis of submucosal lesions, preoperative staging of gastrointestinal tract malignancies and help determine further management of patients. Such advances have brought pathologists to the forefront of the patient management team for the treatment of gastrointestinal tract lesions. This manuscript reviews the advantages and limitations of each cytology associated technique as well as reviews the salient diagnostic features, differential diagnosis and diagnostic pitfalls of gastrointestinal tract lesions. Finally, it suggests the modalities best suited to obtain diagnosis for various gastrointestinal tract lesions.
A Cryptographic Study of Tokenization Systems. (2014)

Payments through cards have become very popular in today's world. All businesses now have options to receive payments through this instrument, moreover most organizations store card information of its customers in some way to enable easy payments in future. Credit card data is a very sensitive information and theft of this data is a serious threat to any company. Any organization that stores credit card data needs to achieve payment card industry (PCI) compliance, which is an intricate process where the organization needs to demonstrate that the data it stores is safe. Recently there has been a paradigm shift in treatment of the problem of storage of payment card information. In this new paradigm instead of the real credit card data a token is stored, this process is called tokenization. The token resembles the credit/debit card number but is in no way related to it. This solution relieves the merchant from the burden of PCI compliance in several ways. Though tokenization systems are heavily in use, to our knowledge, a formal cryptographic study of this problem has not yet been done. In this paper we initiate a study in this direction. We formally define the syntax of a tokenization system, and several notions of security for such systems. Finally, we provide some constructions of tokenizers and analyze their security in the light of our definitions. 1
Laser recrystallization of Si over SiO2 with a heat-sink structure (1984)

Complete single crystalline silicon films over SiO2 have been produced with a heat-sink structure designed for best utilization of temperature gradients during resolidification process induced by an incident cw Ar laser beam. The structure includes device regions with thin SiO2 layers which act as a heat sink to the substrate and the peripheral regions with thick SiO2 layers. By using this technique, residual grain boundaries in the laser recrystallized silicon over insulator can be eliminated. N-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors fabricated in the recrystallized silicon films with a heat-sink structure exhibit good device characteristics, having a surface electron mobility of 500 cm2/V s which is comparable to that of bulk devices.
Consequences of Fouling on Shipping (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Biofilms and Their Effect on the External Hull of Ships The Effects of Biofilms on The Internal Operating Systems of Ships The Effects of Biofilms in Water Systems Biofilm Effects in Fuel and Hydraulic Systems Other Areas of Biofilm Effects Conclusions References
Efficient, narrowband LP <sub>01</sub> ↔LP <sub>02</sub> mode convertors fabricated in photosensitive fibre: spectral response (1991)

LP01 ↔ LP02 mode convertors have been fabricated by photoinducing index gratings within the fibre core by means of internally or externally applied light fields. The mode convertors have conversion efficiencies of over 75% and simple spectral response curves with one or two peaks. The mode conversion linewidths range from 0.2 to 10 nm.
Ring Expansion in Methylcyclopentadiene Radicals. Quantum Chemical and Kinetics Calculations (2002)

Ring expansion processes in 1-, 2-, and 5-methylenecyclopentadiene radicals and isomerizations among the three isomers were studied by the Becke three-parameter hybrid method with Lee−Yang−Parr correlation functional approximation (B3LYP). Structure, energy, and frequency calculations were carried out with the Dunning correlation consistent polarized double ξ (cc-pVDZ) and augmented aug-cc-pVDZ basis sets. The potential energy surfaces for ring expansion in methylenecyclopentadiene radicals consist of several intermediates and transition states. The process that takes place by insertion of the methylene group into the cyclopentadiene ring in the three isomers occurs via two principal mechanisms. One mechanism is associated with cleavage of the five-membered ring of the cyclopentadiene ring. In the second mechanism, the transition states of the first stage consist of a newly formed three-membered ring fused to the original cyclopentadiene ring. In all the three isomers of methylenecyclopentadiene, the reaction pathways leading to ring expansion include intermediates that via additional transition states lead to the production of the cyclohexadienyl radical. The latter, by a very fast H-atom ejection produces benzene. The structure and energetics of the various pathways are shown. The isomerization processes 1-methylenecyclopentadiene ⇔ 5-methylenecyclopentadiene and 2-methylenecyclopentadiene ⇔ 1-methylenecyclopentadiene involve a single 1,2-H atom shift and proceeds in one step without intermediates. The ring expansion in 1-methylenecyclopentadiene proceeds much faster via isomerization to 5-methylenecyclopentadiene than via direct formation of cyclohexadienyl.
Clarification of molasses through self-rejecting membrane formed dynamically on porous ceramic tube. (1986)

希釈廃糖蜜を多孔質セラミック管上に加圧下で循環させ, セラミック管上にダイナミック膜を形成し, 続いてそのダイナミック膜 (自己排除膜) を透過させて廃糖蜜を清浄することを試み, さらにその膜の性能について検討した.透過時間の経過とともに透過流束は減少し, 色素の阻止率は増加し, 約2時間後に安定な自己排除膜が形成した.循環流速は自己排除膜の厚さに, 操作圧力は緻密さに影響した.自己排除膜の分画分子量は, 阻止率0.9のレベルで示すと, 0.5MPaおよび2MPaの操作圧力においてそれぞれ40000および20000であると考えることができた.自己排除膜による清浄は通常の有機高分子膜と比べて色素の阻止率は劣るが, 透過流束は4倍以上であった.Bx50°廃糖蜜の60℃, 0.2MPa操作圧力, 4m・s-1循環流速における透過流束は20l.m-2・h-1, 色素の阻止率は0.1であった.珪藻土濾過あるいは遠心分離によっては満足に除去することができない廃糖蜜中の混濁物質が自己排除膜によって完全に取り除くことができた.透過液の風味は原廃糖蜜に比べて格段に改善されていた.
Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria and Skin Health (2015)

Human skin is the first defense barrier against the external environment, especially microbial pathogens and physical stimulation. Many studies on skin health with Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been published for many years, including prevention of skin disease and improvement of skin conditions. LAB, a major group of gram-positive bacteria, are known to be beneficial to human health by acting as probiotics. Recent studies have shown that LAB and their extracts have beneficial effects on maintenance and improvement of skin health. Oral administration of Lactobacillus delbrueckii inhibits the development of atopic disease. In addition, LAB and LAB extracts are known to have beneficial effects on intestinal diseases, with Lactobacillus plantarum having been shown to attenuate IL-10 deficient colitis. In addition to intestinal health, L. plantarum also has beneficial effects on skin. pLTA, which is lipoteichoic acid isolated from L. plantarum, has anti-photoaging effects on human skin cells by regulating the expression matrix meralloprotionase-1 (MMP-1) expression. While several studies have proposed a relationship between diseases of the skin and small intestines, there are currently no published reviews of the effects of LAB for skin health through regulation of intestinal conditions and the immune system. In this review, we discuss recent findings on the effects of LAB on skin health and its potential applications in beauty foods.
Physicians pivotal to successful cost containment efforts. (1981)

Medical staffs are involved in a variety of activities to lower health care costs in their institutions and communities. The various mechanisms for medical staff participation in and accountability for cost-effective management of hospital resources are explored in the following report on the National Symposium on the Role of the Medical Staff in Controlling Costs.
Cartilage lesions in the knee of adolescents and young adults: Arthroscopic analysis (1991)

In this article, the mechanism of occurrence and development of cartilage lesions as well as the relationship between pain and conditions of cartilage lesions will be discussed. The study was based on the findings from arthroscopic analyses, plain radiographs, and arthrograms. Sixty-five joints of 63 patients with cartilage lesions were examined. We have made the following conclusions. Cartilage lesions do not start necessarily from the surface layers of the cartilage. Lesions may originate in the subchondral bone and develop toward the surface, causing severe pain. Cartilage lesions, resulting in little pain, are related closely to joint instability, indicating that the lesion occurrence is affected by unnatural shearing stress rather than by direct force applied to the joint surface. Thus, prevention and treatment should focus on removing the shearing stress. The purpose of this article is to examine how cartilage lesions relate to patient symptoms. Additionally, untreated lesions possibly could develop into the early stage of osteoarthrosis of the knee, causing exposure of the subchondral bone and thus continuous pain.
Helicobacter pylori in the dental plaque of healthy Saudis. (1998)

The objective of this study is to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the dental plaque of healthy Saudis and its relation to dental care. One hundred randomly selected healthy Saudis attending the dental clinic were assessed for oral hygiene and periodontal disease by dental examination. Information about the use of toothpaste, chewing stick, smoking and dentures was obtained. Samples of dental plaque were collected after scoring it according to the plaque index. Presence of H. pylori in the plaque was sought by a commercially available rapid urease test with a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 100%. The presence of H. pylori was indicated by a positive rapid urease test in 81 %. There was significant correlation of heavy dental plaque (plaque index score 3) with presence of H. pylori (p=0.03). We conclude that H. pylori is present in the dental plaque of most Saudis and this is due to poor oral hygiene.