gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>pos-1</i> encodes a cytoplasmic zinc-finger protein essential for germline specification in <i>C. elegans</i> (1999)

Germ cells arise during early C. elegans embryogenesis from an invariant sequence of asymmetric divisions that separate germ cell precursors from somatic precursors. We show that maternal-effect lethal mutations in the gene pos-1 cause germ cell precursors to inappropriately adopt somatic cell fates. During early embryogenesis, pos-1 mRNA and POS-1 protein are present predominantly in the germ precursors. POS-1 is a novel protein with two copies of a CCCH finger motif previously described in the germline proteins PIE-1 and MEX-1 in C. elegans, and in the mammalian TIS11/Nup475/TTP protein. However, mutations in pos-1 cause several defects in the development of the germline blastomeres that are distinct from those caused by mutations in pie-1 or mex-1. The earliest defect detected in pos-1 mutants is the failure to express APX-1 protein from maternally provided apx-1 mRNA, suggesting that POS-1 may have an important role in regulating the expression of maternal mRNAs in germline blastomeres.
A plasmid from the methylotrophic actinomycete Amycolatopsis methanolica capable of site-specific integration (1994)

Amycolatopsis methanolica contains a 13.3-kb plasmid (pMEA300) which is present both in the free state and integrated at a unique genomic location. A 2.1-kb pMEA300 DNA fragment was sequenced, revealing the putative attP site and two open reading frames, xis and int, showing similarity to genes encoding excisionases and integrases, respectively.
Differential carrier phase recovery for QPSK optical coherent systems with integrated tunable lasers (2013)

The performance of a differential carrier phase recovery algorithm is investigated for the quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation format with an integrated tunable laser. The phase noise of the widely-tunable laser measured using a digital coherent receiver is shown to exhibit significant drift compared to a standard distributed feedback (DFB) laser due to enhanced low frequency noise component. The simulated performance of the differential algorithm is compared to the Viterbi-Viterbi phase estimation at different baud rates using the measured phase noise for the integrated tunable laser.
Control allocation with adaptive failure control (1997)

In the age of modern aircraft and fly-by-wire control systems, the inclusion of mechanical backup systems for handling instances of control failures is becoming more uncommon. As a result, pilots are forced to fully rely on the failure immunities designed into these systems and be assured that, should such failures occur, the aircraft maintain adequate flying qualities long enough for a safe ejection or an emergency landing. This paper demonstrates the control reconfiguration aspects of a control allocation with rate limiting algorithm to adapt to various control failures while still achieving desired moments, thus providing a safe environment for the pilot.
Laparoscopic Warm-up Exercises Improve Performance of Senior-Level Trainees During Laparoscopic Renal Surgery (2011)

Urologic trainees who perform a POWER approximately 1 hour before laparoscopic renal surgery demonstrate improved cognitive, psychomotor, and technical performance.
Boron Mimetics: 1,2‐Dihydro‐1,2‐azaborines Bind inside a Nonpolar Cavity of T4 Lysozyme (2009)

Enzymes BN tricked: High-resolution protein crystallography indicates that unnatural 1,2-dihydro-1,2-azaborines bind inside the nonpolar cavity of T4 lysozyme L99A (see picture) in a fashion that is very similar to the binding of their “natural” all-carbon isosteres. These studies show that 1,2-azaborines can serve as boron-containing, hydrophobic arene mimics in biomedical research. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Controls MicroRNA-99b (miR-99b) Expression in Infected Murine Dendritic Cells to Modulate Host Immunity (2012)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis resides and replicates within host phagocytes by modulating host microbicidal responses. In addition, it suppresses the production of host protective cytokines to prevent activation of and antigen presentation by M. tuberculosis-infected cells, causing dysregulation of host protective adaptive immune responses. Many cytokines are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), a newly discovered class of small noncoding RNAs, which have been implicated in modulating host immune responses in many bacterial and viral diseases. Here, we show that miRNA-99b (miR-99b), an orphan miRNA, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis infection. We found that miR-99b expression was highly up-regulated in M. tuberculosis strain H37Rv-infected dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Blockade of miR-99b expression by antagomirs resulted in significantly reduced bacterial growth in DCs. Interestingly, knockdown of miR-99b in DCs significantly up-regulated proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-12, and IL-1β. Furthermore, mRNA and membrane-bound protein data indicated that inhibition of miR-99b augments TNF-α and TNFRSF-4 production. Thus, miR-99b targets TNF-α and TNFRSF-4 receptor genes. Treatment of anti-miR-99b-transfected DCs with anti-TNF-α antibody resulted in increased bacterial burden. Thus, our findings unveil a novel host evasion mechanism adopted by M. tuberculosis via miR-99b, which may open up new avenues for designing miRNA-based vaccines and therapies.
Reactive ion etching of polycrystalline silicon using SiCl4 (1991)

Reactive ion etching of polycrystalline silicon using SiCl4 was used to etch 70-nm-wide structures. The etching mechanism of the process was investigated by using emission spectroscopy. It was found that the principal etchant for polycrystalline silicon is Cl+2.
Proximity effect in normal metal–multiband superconductor hybrid structures (2004)

A theory of the proximity effect in normal metal--multiband superconductor hybrid structures is formulated within the quasiclassical Green's function formalism. The quasiclassical boundary conditions for multiband hybrid structures are derived in the dirty limit. It is shown that the existence of multiple superconducting bands manifests itself as the occurrence of additional peaks in the density of states in the structure. The interplay between the proximity effect and the interband coupling influences the magnitudes of the gaps in a superconductor in a nontrivial way and can even give rise to an enhancement of multiband superconductivity by the proximity to a superconductor with a lower transition temperature. The developed theory is applied to the calculation of supercurrent in multiband superconductor--normal metal--superconductor Josephson junctions with low-transparent interfaces, and the results are compared with the predictions for multiband tunnel junctions.
Facets and Pivoting for Flexible and Usable Linked Data Exploration. (2012)

Abstract. The success of Open Data initiatives has increased the amount of data available on the Web. Unfortunately, most of this data is only available in raw tabular form, what makes analysis and reuse quite difficult for non-experts. Linked Data principles allow for a more sophisticated approach by making explicit both the structure and semantics of the data. However, from the end-user viewpoint, they continue to be monolithic files completely opaque or difficult to explore by making tedious semantic queries. Our objective is to facilitate the user to grasp what kind of entities are in the dataset, how they are interrelated, which are their main properties and values, etc. Rhizomer is a tool for data publishing whose interface provides a set of components borrowed from Information Architecture (IA) that facilitate awareness of the dataset at hand. It automatically generates navigation menus and facets based on the kinds of things in the dataset and how they are described through metadata properties and values. Moreover, motivated by recent tests with end-users, it also provides the possibility to pivot among the faceted views created for each class of resources in the dataset.
AMICS: ATM-based integrated platform for multimedia services (2002)

This paper describes a broadband networking concept toward the multimedia age. We propose an ATM-based integrated platform named AMICS (ATM-based Multimedia Information and Communication System). The AMICS provides a full range of multimedia services including not just CATV and video on demand but also all broadband communication services such as video conferencing, distance learning and high-speed data communications. The AMICS integrates wired broadband access networks, wireless broadband access networks, and regional transport networks. Utilizing ATM-based technologies, the AMICS allow a smooth network evolution toward an ATM-based telecommunication platform for the next century.
Organosilicate Spin-on Glasses (2004)

Methylsilsesquioxane (MSSQ) films were chemically modified by (i) the bulk incorporation of a short-chain polymer or (ii) surface treatment by an NH3 plasma, and the effects of these modifications on elastic, plastic, and fracture properties were investigated. In (i), a copolymer of 10 mol % 1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)ethane (BTMSE) and methyltrimethoxysilane was synthesized and cured to form an MSSQ:BTMSE copolymer film. In (ii), an NH3 plasma treatment was applied to cured MSSQ films for 5, 15, 30, or 60 min. Films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), IR spectroscopy, and ellipsometry. Depth-sensing indentation was used to determine plane strain modulus, E, and hardness, H. Indentation traces and SEM images of residual indentation damage were used to determine the threshold load for cracking, Pc. The addition of BTMSE to MSSQ doubled E, H, and Pc relative to MSSQ with a slight increase in relative dielectric constant, k, from 2.70 to 2.86. Apparent E and H at the surface of plasma-treated films increased with plasma treatment time. IR spectroscopy indicated that improved properties resulted in (i) from increased organic and inorganic networking and in (ii) from the formation of a dense, largely inorganic, surface layer. Such chemical modifications may be used to improve the performance of organosilicates as low-k dielectrics in microelectronic interconnection structures.
Otitis media (2002)

Bacterial pathogens are isolated from middle ear fluid in up to 90% of children with acute otitis media (OM). Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis predominate. Acute OM can be classified as uncomplicated, persistent, recurrent or chronic. Patient age, symptom severity, prior treatment history and exposure through day-care attendance in children influences pathogen distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility and anticipated clinical and microbiological responses to empirical and pathogen-directed therapies. The natural history of acute OM without intervention is favourable. However, meta-analysis of clinical trials shows an improvement in symptom and middle ear effusion resolution with antimicrobials. Aminopenicillins, cephalosporins and macrolides are often selected as therapy for acute OM. The various agents have differing activity against acute OM pathogens, particularly organisms with resistance mechanisms and they differ in dosing schedule, side effects and compliance enhancing factors. Consideration should be given to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles in antibiotic selection. Selection criteria include antibiotic activity against drug-resistant S. pneumoniae and efficacy against beta-lactamase-producing Gram-negative organisms. The necessary duration of treatment for acute OM varies according to multiple factors, including local preferences, but there is growing, compelling data to support short-course therapy. Tympanocentesis has been endorsed in various guidelines as a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. Best-practice for management of acute OM continues to advocate antibiotic therapy with careful, accurate diagnosis and consideration of the major pathogens and their mechanisms of resistance.
Towards Facial Recognition Problem in COVID-19 Pandemic (2020)

In epidemic situations such as the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, face masks have become an essential part of daily routine life. The face mask is considered as a protective and preventive essential of everyday life against the coronavirus. Many organizations using a fingerprint or card-based attendance system had to switch towards a face-based attendance system to avoid direct contact with the attendance system. However, face mask adaptation brought a new challenge to already existing commercial biometric facial recognition techniques in applications such as facial recognition access control and facial security checks at public places. In this paper, we present a methodology that can enhance existing facial recognition technology capabilities with masked faces. We used a supervised learning approach to recognize masked faces together with in-depth neural network-based facial features. A dataset of masked faces was collected to train the Support Vector Machine classifier on state-of-the-art Facial Recognition Feature vector. Our proposed methodology gives recognition accuracy of up to 97% with masked faces. It performs better than exiting devices not trained to handle masked faces.
Controlled Formation of ZrO<sub>2</sub> in the Reaction of ZrCl<sub>4</sub> Vapor with Porous Silica and γ-Alumina Surfaces (1996)

The reaction of ZrCl4 vapor at 300, 450, and 600 °C with silica and γ-alumina preheated at 300 and 600 °C was studied by XRD, FTIR, 1H MAS NMR, and chemical etching with sulfuric acid. NMR and FTIR revealed a consumption of OH groups in the reaction. However, subsequent water vapor treatment brought some of the OH groups of the support back, indicating that part of the surface had been directly chlorinated. The ratio between permanently consumed OH groups and directly chlorinated OH groups depended on the reaction temperature. OH groups were permanently consumed in mono- and bimolecular reactions of ZrCl4, leading to the formation of isolated M−O−ZrCl3 and (M−O)2−ZrCl2 species (M = Al or Si), respectively. Direct chlorination was associated with the formation of crystalline ZrO2 agglomerates, as detected by XRD in the samples prepared at 450 and 600 °C. These agglomerates were insoluble in sulfuric acid. Although at the reaction temperature of 300 °C the samples were amorphous in XRD, the reappearance of some OH groups on the original surface after water treatment, together with etching tests, suggested that agglomerates were also formed at that temperature. In addition to agglomeration and exchange reactions with OH groups, on 600 °C alumina ZrCl4 dissociated to (Al−O) pairs. This led to a higher Zr saturation density and Cl/Zr ratio on alumina than on silica. The reactions of the HCl evolved in the main reactions were considered minor. Increasing the preheat and reaction temperatures decreased the Zr concentration on the surface and thus diminished the surface coverage. The surfaces of the ZrCl4-modified and water-treated silica and alumina surfaces consisted of Zr−OH groups formed in the hydrolysis of isolated ZrClx species, original OH groups of the supports, and ZrO2 agglomerates formed in the vicinity of siloxanes and (Al−O) pairs.
Introduction to International Economics (3 édition), par D.-A. SNIDER. Un vol., 6 po. x 9, relié, 607 pages — R.-D. IRWIN, Homewood, Ill., 1963 ($8.50) (1963)

Introduction to International Economics (3e édition), par D.-A. SNIDER. Un vol., 6 po. x 9, relié, 607 pages — R.-D. IRWIN, Homewood, Ill., 1963 ($8.50). An article from journal L'Actualité économique (Volume 39, Number 1, April–June 1963, pp. 5-172), on Érudit.
Application of Kramers‐Kronig Transforms in the Analysis of Electrochemical Impedance Data: II . Transformations in the Complex Plane (1986)

Algorithms have been developed to apply the Kramers‐Kronig transforms in the analysis of experimental electrochemical impedance data. The application of these algorithms is illustrated by transforming calculated impedance data for an electrical equivalent circuit, by transforming experimental data for carbon steel in solution at 25°C, and by analyzing data for an aluminum alloy in at 60°C. These transforms, coupled with statistical techniques, provide a powerful means of evaluating the validity of impedance data with respect to spurious errors that are present in either the real or imaginary component, and with respect to system stability.
Soluble CD14 Subtype in Peripheral Blood is a Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Sepsis (2020)

Compared with PCT, CRP, and WBC, sCD14-ST is a better biomarker for the early diagnosis of sepsis.
Clinocopathologic significance of laminin-5 gamma2 chain expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue: immunohistochemical analysis of 67 lesions. (1999)

Increased laminin-5 gamma2 chain immunoreactivity, which may reflect a high invasive potential of cancer cells, is a factor indicative of a poor prognosis for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.
Studies on the Mechanism of Influenza Virus Entry into Cells (1979)

Inhibitors of glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, protein synthesis, membrane Na&-K& transport and microfilament and microtubule function have been employed to elucidate the mechanism of influenza virus uptake by CAM and CEF cells. Electron microscopy demonstrated uptake of virus by viropexis in the presence of all these inhibitors. Utilizing a pulse labelling technique, virus entering CEF cells in the presence of inhibitors was shown to initiate specific virus polypeptide synthesis after neutralization of remaining extracellular virus and removal of the inhibitors. As a consequence of these findings an energy independent mechanism of viropexis has been proposed.
Influence of renal complications on the efficacy and adverse events of tacrolimus combination therapy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) during a maintenance phase: a single-centre, prospective study (2015)

Tacrolimus combination therapy had additive beneficial effects on reduced proteinuria and increased serum C3 levels in patients with SLE with renal complications during a maintenance phase.
Assay of Chikungunya Virus in Cell Monolayers by Immunofluorescence (1970)

Chikungunya virus was quantitatively assayed by counting immunofluorescent foci after infection of BHK21/C13 cell monolayers. The speed and efficiency of virus attachment to cells were markedly enhanced when augmented by centrifugal force. By this procedure, a proportionality was obtained between the number of immunofluorescent foci and the volume of inoculum. Virus penetration into cells was linear and complete within 15 min at 35 C. From observations on the sequential development of viral antigen within cells and immunofluorescent focus counts, foci of infected cells may be enumerated as early as 16 hr after inoculation of cell monolayers. A linear function was demonstrated between immunofluorescent focus counts and relative virus concentration. The immunofluorescent assay was comparable in sensitivity but more precise and rapid than virus assays based on the intracerebral inoculation of suckling mice or on plaque counting. By the immunofluorescent procedure, the 50% neutralizing end point of antiviral serum was rapidly and quantitatively determined.
Grafting of Preformed Polystyrene onto Cotton Cellulose (1967)

Grafting of preformed polystyrene onto cotton cellulose has been investigated. Low molecular-weight, carboxyl-terminated polystyrene was synthesized by anionic poly merization techniques and polymers with DP n ranging between 9 and 120 were obtained. Grafting was achieved by reaction of the acyl chloride derivatives of the carboxyl- terminated polystyrene with cotton yarns and fabrics. Graft copolymers with low molecular-weight side chains and relatively high degrees of suiostitution were obtained. The grafting degree of substitution was mainly dependent on the molecular size of the reacting preformed polymer, whereby high molecular-weight preformed polymers lead to low degrees of substitution. Wrinkle recovery and water of imbibition of the modified fabrics and yarns were determined.
Hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural in Coffee and related beverages. 2. Coffee (1997)

The contents of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural were determined in 7 series of roasted coffee with different degrees of roast. The contents first increase with increasing roasting loss (ORL) till 2-3.5 % ORL (HMF) and 2-6 % ORL (furfural), then decrease. Colombia Arabica, Kenya Robusta and an Arabica blend behave similarly, also do steamed and not steamed beans. In 21 commercial blends made of untreated (included one mocha coffee), decaffeinated, otherwise treated and natural mild coffees, values from 327 to 605 mg/kg d.b. HMF and 102 to 159 mg/kg furfural were found. In the mean, treated and mild beans contained lower levels of both substances. In the series, the HMF contents of the treated beans were slightly lower, too, but the furfural contents were rather higher than those of the untreated beans. The levels in an espresso type coffee were much lower. The contents of 11 commercial instant coffees showed great differences (0.4-4.2 g/kg HMF, 0.0-0.3 g/kg furfural). In tightly closed jars, the contents of HMF remained constant during 500 days.
Photodynamische Tumortherapie (1999)

Abstract Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a cancer treatment that uses a combination of red laser light, a photosensitizing agent and molecular oxygen.
Multiple access channels with arbitrarily correlated sources (1980)

Let <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\{(U_{i},V_{i})\}_{i=1}^{n}</tex> be a source of independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) discrete random variables with joint probability mass function <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p(u,v)</tex> and common part <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">w=f(u)=g(v)</tex> in the sense of Witsenhausen, Gacs, and Körner. It is shown that such a source can be sent with arbitrarily small probability of error over a multiple access channel (MAC) <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\{\cal X_{1} \times \cal X_{2},\cal Y,p(y|x_{1},x_{2})\},</tex> with allowed codes <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\{x_{l}(u), x_{2}(v)\}</tex> if there exist probability mass functions <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p(s), p(x_{1}|s,u),p(x_{2}|s,v)</tex> , such that <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H(U|V)<I(X_{1}; Y|X_{2},V,S),</tex> <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H(V|U )<I(X_{2};Y|X_{1},U,S),</tex> <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H(U,V|W)<I(X_{1},X_{2};Y|W,S),</tex> <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H(U,V)<I(X_{1},X_{2};Y),</tex> <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\mbox{where}</tex> <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p(s,u,v,x_{1},x_{2},y), Xl, X2, y)=p(s)p(u,v)p(x_{1}|u,s)p(x_{2}|v,s)p(y|x_{1},x_{2}).</tex> lifts region includes the multiple access channel region and the Slepian-Wolf data compression region as special cases.