gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Estimation of Vehicle’s Center of Gravity and Inertial Parameters Based on Ackermann’s Steering Geometry (2016)

Onboard vehicle parameter estimation is an important procedure for advanced vehicle control tasks, especially for vehicles whose payload configurations vary in day-to-day use. This study presents a newly proposed estimation method based on the Ackermann’s steering geometry (ASG) that aims to estimate multiple vehicle's center of gravity (CG) position and inertial parameters at the same time. In this method, the vehicle planar motion equations are first synthesized into a form where only the lateral force of one front wheel and longitudinal forces appear. This way, the influence of uncertainties in the tire lateral force models is greatly reduced. Then, the condition of eliminating the remaining front wheel lateral force term can be derived, which is exactly the Ackermann’s steering geometry. When the influence of lateral tire force terms are eliminated, regression technique is applied to estimate the needed vehicle parameters. Vehicle’s suspension kinematics is also considered in the processing of dynamic signals. Unlike conventional methods in estimating vehicle’s payload related parameters, the new method requires neither lateral tire force model nor accurate suspension property parameters. Simulations in CarSim®-Simulink environment verified that the proposed method is capable of estimating vehicle parameters such as CG position and inertial parameters at the same time.
Burn Injuries Benefit from Massage Therapy (1998)

Twenty-eight adult patients with burns were randomly assigned before debridement to either a massage therapy group or a standard treatment control group. State anxiety and cortisol levels decreased, and behavior ratings of state, activity, vocalizations, and anxiety improved after the massage therapy sessions on the first and last days of treatment. Longer-term effects were also significantly better for the massage therapy group including decreases in depression and anger, and decreased pain on the McGill Pain Questionnaire, Present Pain Intensity scale, and Visual Analogue Scale. Although the underlying mechanisms are not known, these data suggest that debridement sessions were less painful after the massage therapy sessions due to a reduction in anxiety, and that the clinical course was probably enhanced as the result of a reduction in pain, anger, and depression.
True genes for human U1 small nuclear RNA. Copy number, polymorphism, and methylation. (1984)

The nucleotide sequence of a human U1 small nuclear RNA gene (HU1-1) is presented, along with several hundred nucleotides of its 5' and 3' flanking regions. We demonstrate that the immediate 5' flanking region sequences are a highly specific hydridization probe capable of distinguishing U1 RNA true genes from pseudogenes. The copy number of U1 RNA genes was determined to be constant, about 30/haploid genome equivalent in six different individuals. Nevertheless, several restriction enzyme cleavage site polymorphisms exist in these genes. We also show that C-C-G-G sequences in the vicinity of U1 RNA true genes are not methylated, but they are methylated near pseudogenes. Genomic DNAs of mouse, frog, chicken, and fruit fly contain sequences homologous to the human U1 RNA gene coding region but not to the 5' flanking region. This suggests that sequences important for expression of U1 RNA genes constitute only a minor part of the 5' flanking regions. In the HU1-1 locus, sequences similar to the consensus T-A-T-A-A-A box are located about 45 and 210 base pairs upstream of the point corresponding to the 5' end of the mature RNA. Several additional direct repeats which may be regulatory elements are present in the upstream region. A few short inverted repeats which probably constitute a transcription termination signal are in the region corresponding to the 3' end of the U1 RNA.
Mucosal Antibodies to Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein B Occur following both Natural Infection and Immunization with Human Cytomegalovirus Vaccines (1996)

Because antibodies against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) glycoprotein B (gB) neutralize, levels of IgG, secretory IgA (sIgA), and mucosal IgA1 antibodies to HCMV were measured in saliva and nasal washes. Ten seronegative adults lacked these antibodies, but of 10 naturally seropositive adults, 10 had IgG to gB, 5 had sIgA, and 0 had mucosal IgA. Among 12 recipients of a live HCMV vaccine, 8 had IgG to gB, 4 had sIgA, and 2 had mucosal IgA in samples collected 10-20 months after immunization; of 10 recipients of a gB vaccine, 8 had IgG to gB, 7 had sIgA, and 7 had mucosal IgA in samples collected just before or 1 month after a booster. IgG to gB and neutralizing titers in serum correlated with IgG to gB in mucosal samples. IgG to gB was in the saliva of 25 of 26 subjects with serum neutralizing titers > 1:64. Serum neutralizing titers > 1:64, whether induced by vaccine or wild type virus, are associated with mucosal IgG to HCMV.
Inducible PC12 cell model of Huntington’s disease shows toxicity and decreased histone acetylation (2003)

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by the abnormal expansion of a polyglutamine tract in the huntingtin protein. We have developed PC12 cell lines in which the expression of an N-terminal truncation of huntingtin (N63) with either wild type (23Q) or expanded polyglutamine (148Q) can be induced by the removal of doxycycline. Differentiated PC12 cells induced to express N63-148Q showed cellular toxicity reaching up to 50% at 6 days post-induction. Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity and global histone acetylation was significantly decreased in cells expressing truncated huntingtin with mutant but not normal huntingtin. These data suggest that altered chromatin modification via reduction in coactivator activity may cause neuronal transcriptional dysregulation and contribute to cellular toxicity.
Allergen Atlas: a comprehensive knowledge center and analysis resource for allergen information (2009)

Allergen Atlas is freely available at http://tiger.dbs.nus.edu.sg/ATLAS/.
Polarimetric nonregularity of evanescent waves (2019)

Three-dimensional polarization states of random light can be classified into regular and nonregular according to the structure of the related 3×3 polarization matrix. Here we show that any purely evanescent wave excited in total internal reflection of a partially polarized plane-wave field is always in a nonregular polarization state. The degree of nonregularity of such evanescent waves is also studied in terms of a recently advanced measure. Nonregular evanescent waves uncover new aspects of the polarimetric structure and dimensional character of electromagnetic near fields, with potential applications in nanoscale surface optics.
Interpretation of Coastal HF Radar–Derived Surface Currents with High-Resolution Drifter Data (2007)

Abstract Dense arrays of surface drifters are used to quantify the flow field on time and space scales over which high-frequency (HF) radar observations are measured. Up to 13 drifters were repetitively deployed off the Santa Barbara and San Diego coasts on 7 days during 18 months. Each day a regularly spaced grid overlaid on a 1-km2 (San Diego) or 4-km2 (Santa Barbara) square, located where HF radar radial data are nearly orthogonal, was seeded with drifters. As drifters moved from the square, they were retrieved and replaced to maintain a spatially uniform distribution of observations within the sampling area during the day. This sampling scheme resulted in up to 56 velocity observations distributed over the time (1 h) and space (1 and 4 km2) scales implicit in typical surface current maps from HF radar. Root-mean-square (RMS) differences between HF radar radial velocities obtained using measured antenna patterns, and average drifter velocities, are mostly 3–5 cm s−1. Smaller RMS differences compared with past validation studies that employ current meters are due to drifter resolution of subgrid-scale velocity variance included in time and space average HF radar fields. Roughly 5 cm s−1 can be attributed to sampling on disparate time and space scales. Despite generally good agreement, differences can change dramatically with time. In one instance, the difference increases from near zero to more than 20 cm s−1 within 2 h. The RMS difference and bias (mean absolute difference) for that day exceed 7 and 12 cm s−1, respectively.
VSV Transmembrane Domain (TMD) Peptide Promotes PEG-Mediated Fusion of Liposomes in a Conformationally Sensitive Fashion (2002)

Helical instability induced by gly residues in the transmembrane domain (TMD) of G protein, the fusion protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), was speculated to aid in the later steps of the fusion process, because G protein with ala's substituted for the two TMD gly's was inactive (Cleverley, D. Z., and Lenard, J. (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 95, 3425-30). Here we examine the conformations of synthetic peptides corresponding to fusion-active (GGpep) and inactive (AApep; G's replaced by A's) TMDs by CD spectroscopy, and then their effects on the kinetics of poly (ethyleneglycol) (PEG)-mediated fusion of small unilamellar vesicles. GGpep and AApep both assumed history-dependent, non-interconvertible ordered structures. Both peptides were largely helical under all conditions if derived from trifluoroethanol solutions, and aggregated in a beta-sheet form if derived from acetonitrile solutions. In solvent, detergents or lipid bilayers, GGpep showed a greater range of secondary structural features than did AApep. The two peptides had large but different effects on PEG-mediated fusion. Both enhanced the rate but not the extent of lipid mixing. AApep significantly inhibited the extent of fusion pore formation while GGpep had no effect. The initial rate of fusion was enhanced 6-fold by GGpep and less than 2-fold by AApep. Addition of 5 mol % hexadecane overrode all peptide-induced effects. We suggest that both GGpep and hexadecane promote pore formation by stabilizing the nonlamellar structures in fusion intermediates or initial small pores. AApep, which had fewer nonhelical features in its CD spectrum than GGpep, actually inhibited fusion pore formation.
Diazo Preparation via Dehydrogenation of Hydrazones with “Activated” DMSO (2007)

[reaction: see text] We report that "activated" dimethyl sulfoxide efficiently dehydrogenates hydrazones to the respective diazo species at -78 degrees C. Under optimized conditions, triethylamine hydrochloride is removed quantitatively by vacuum filtration to provide solutions of diazo compounds. Stable diazo species can be isolated in high yield, or alternatively, the direct treatment of these solutions with carboxylic acids provides esters.
Portable laser speckle perfusion imaging system based on digital signal processor (2010)

The ability to monitor blood flow in vivo is of major importance in clinical diagnosis and in basic researches of life science. As a noninvasive full-field technique without the need of scanning, laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is widely used to study blood flow with high spatial and temporal resolution. Current LSCI systems are based on personal computers for image processing with large size, which potentially limit the widespread clinical utility. The need for portable laser speckle contrast imaging system that does not compromise processing efficiency is crucial in clinical diagnosis. However, the processing of laser speckle contrast images is time-consuming due to the heavy calculation for enormous high-resolution image data. To address this problem, a portable laser speckle perfusion imaging system based on digital signal processor (DSP) and the algorithm which is suitable for DSP is described. With highly integrated DSP and the algorithm, we have markedly reduced the size and weight of the system as well as its energy consumption while preserving the high processing speed. In vivo experiments demonstrate that our portable laser speckle perfusion imaging system can obtain blood flow images at 25 frames per second with the resolution of 640 × 480 pixels. The portable and lightweight features make it capable of being adapted to a wide variety of application areas such as research laboratory, operating room, ambulance, and even disaster site.
무용 열정과 정체성, 과제관여의 인과적 관계 및 모형 안정성 검증 (2013)

본 연구는 무용전공 대학생의 정체성이 열정과 과제관여 간의 인과적 관계를 매개하는지를 분석하고, 연구모형의 안정성을 검증하였다. 연구대상은 무용학과 여자대학생 457명이었다. 자료 분석을 위해 기술 통계, 확인적 요인분석, 구조방정식모형 분석, 다중집단분석을 실시하였다. 구조방정식모형 분석의 결과 무용에 대한 열정과 정체성이 과제관여에 대한 분산의 40%를 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 무용학과 대학생들의 정체성은 무용에 대한 조화열정과 과제관여 간의 관계를 부분적으로 매개하였고, 또한 강박열정과 과제관여 간의 관계를 완전 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 다중집단분석의 결과는 구조모형의 형태와 구조공분산, 구조잔차가 두 집단 간에 동일하지만, 구조계수에서는 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 무용에 대한 강박열정이 조화열정에 비해 여학생들의 정체성에 더 강한 영향을 주어 이들의 과제 관여 수준에 영향을 미치며, 그 영향력은 집단 특성에 따라 차이가 있다는 사실을 보여준다.
A high performance/low power 16 K-byte 4-way set associative integrated cache macro (2002)

The high-performance, low-power 16 K-byte 4-way set associative integrated cache memory currently being used in the IBM 486 SLC/486 SLC2 microprocessor chips is described. The integrated cache combines the functions of the 20 K bit TAG memory, 1 K bit STATE, 2 K bit LRU (least recently used), and 144 K bit DATA memory. This is key to reducing interface complexity and optimizing size, power, and performance. The integrated cache unit has a typical clock to DATA access of 6.9 ns and clock to HIT access of 5.0 ns in a 12 ns cycle time. It has a worst-case power of 400 mW at 50% utilization. The integrated cache was designed and built in 0.8 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. It features novel circuit design techniques such as high-performance dynamic comparators in TAG and LRU arrays, self-timed restore, read-modified-write on all arrays in one cycle, and very fast flush/reset in STATE array.
The complete amino acid sequence of proapolipoprotein A‐I of chicken high density lipoproteins (1987)

The complete amino acid sequence of proapolipoprotein (proapo) A-I of chicken high density lipoproteins was determined by sequencing overlapping peptides produced by trypsin, S. aureus V8 protease, and cyanogen bromide cleavage. There are 240 amino acid residues in mature chicken apoA-I. By direct sequence analysis of a cyanogen bromide peptide, we also determined the sequence of a 6-amino-acid prosegment which is present at approx. 10% the molar amount of the mature peptide in chicken plasma. Sequence comparison among apoA-I from chicken, human, rabbit, dog and rat, and secondary structure analysis indicate that while the degree of sequence homology is only moderate (less than 50% between chicken and man), there is good conservation of apoA-I secondary structure, especially in the N-terminal two-thirds of the protein in these widely separated species.
A low cost multichip packaging technology for monolithic microwave integrated circuits (1995)

This paper describes a multichip module technology based on highly impermeable liquid crystal polymers (LCPs) to interconnect and package monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs). Because of the low moisture permeability of the LCPs, the packages can be made hermetic without heavy expensive housings can be two to four times lighter and one-fifth the cost of conventional ceramic based transmit/receive (T/R) modules. The LCP material has a low dielectric constant (2.65) and low-loss tangent and is manufacturable using high volume, large-area processing methods that provide very reliable high-performance circuits at low cost. Using flip-chip bonded MMICs attached to a high thermal conductivity, low coefficient of thermal expansion substrate, this innovative technology can meet a variety of commercial, military, and NASA requirements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
FPGA-Based Real-Time Simulation of Finite-Element Analysis Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Drives (2007)

This paper presents a real-time simulator of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive based on a finite-element analysis (FEA) method and implemented on an FPGA card for HIL testing of motor drive controllers. The proposed PMSM model is a phase domain model with inductances and flux profiles computed from the JMAG-RT finite element analysis software. A 3-phase IGBT inverter drives the PMSM machine. Both models are implemented on an FPGA chip, with no VHDL coding, using the RT-LAB real-time simulation platform from Opal-RT and a Simulink blockset called xilinx system generator (XSG). The PMSM drive, along with an open-loop test source for the pulse width modulation, is coded for an FPGA card. The PMSM drive is completed with various encoder models (quadrature, Hall effects and resolver). The overall model compilation and simulation is entirely automated by RT-LAB. The drive is designed to run in a closed loop with a HIL-interfaced controller connected to the I/O of the real-time simulator. The PMSM drive model runs with an equivalent 10 nanosecond time step (100 MHz FPGA card) and has a latency of 300 ns (PMSM machine and inverter) with the exception of the FEA-computed inductance matrix routines which are updated in parallel on a CPU of the real-time simulator at a 40 us rate. The motor drive is directly connected to digital inputs and analog outputs with 1 microsecond settling time on the FPGA card and has a resulting total hardware-in-the-loop latency of 1.3 microseconds.
EFFECT OF ADENOVIRUS-2 EARLY REGION-4 PRODUCTS ON E1-TRANSFORMATION (1995)

We show that transformation of rat CREF fibroblasts by adenovirus-2 early regions 1A and 1B (E1) is stimulated by expression of the viral early region 4 (E4) products. Cotransfection of CREF cells with E1 and E4 did not affect the number of E1-transformed foci, but resulted in the formation of larger and more dense foci compared to E1 transfection alone. Cells obtained from these foci were capable of anchorage-independent growth. The adenovirus-2 E4 region encodes for a minimum of seven proteins, several of which have been shown to have distinct biological activities. To assay for the activity of these individual proteins on E1 transformation, we used expression vectors designed to encode single E4 proteins in the CREF cell transformation assay. By this strategy, we could show that two E4 proteins had a significant capacity to stimulate E1 transformation. Cotransfection of E1 and vectors encoding the E4-ORF1 or E4-ORF6 proteins resulted in the formation of large dense foci typical of E4-cotransformed cells. However, no single E4-ORF-expressing plasmid was sufficient to reproduce the stimulative effect on CREF cell transformation observed using the entire E4 region.
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy-like Neuropathological Findings without a History of Trauma (2017)

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by neurocognitive decline and abnormal neuronal and glial deposition of hyperphosphorylated-tau in a pattern distinct from other tauopathies. These changes are hypothesized to occur following repeated mild traumatic brain injury. We report a case of CTE-like neuropathological changes, and features of motor neuron disease in a patient without history of either head trauma or participation in activities associated with increased risk of concussive or sub-concussive blows.
Hemi-orolingual angioedema and ACE inhibition after alteplase treatment of stroke (2003)

One hundred seventy-six consecutive patients treated with IV tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for acute ischemic stroke were examined prospectively, and orolingual angioedema was found in nine (5.1%; 95% CI 2.3 to 9.5). The reaction was typically mild, transient, and contralateral to the ischemic hemisphere. Risk of angioedema was associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (relative risk [RR] 13.6; 95% CI 3.0 to 62.7) and signs on initial CT of ischemia in the insular and frontal cortex (RR 9.1; 95% CI 1.4 to 30.0).
Burst Targeted Demand Assignment Multiple-Access for Broadband Internet Service Delivery Over Geostationary Satellite (2004)

This paper presents a detailed performance evaluation of the burst targeted demand assignment multiple-access (BTDAMA) schemes, which employ an original approach to implementing demand assignment multiple-access (DAMA), suited to supporting ON/OFF type traffic over a broadband geostationary satellite link. A novel analytical model is introduced which can be used to predict and evaluate the delay performance of rate-based medium access control schemes, and is applied to BTDAMA to investigate the potential performance enhancements offered by introducing free assigned capacity to the scheme. Results show that BTDAMA eliminates the end-to-end delay bound of traditional DAMA techniques, offering significantly superior performance compared with conventional schemes, with free assignment effective in improving the delay performance for a wide range of traffic burst durations.
Metascreen-Based Acoustic Passive Phased Array (2015)

Manipulating sound waves is key in applications such as ultrasound imaging and nondestructive testing. To this end, the authors present an acoustic phased array using a metascreen that transmits sound energy from a single source and steers the outgoing wavefront in the desired direction. Significantly, this metascreen does not itself contain any source of sound, unlike a conventional phased array with many individual sources. This passive array is therefore notably appealing for its simplicity, low cost, and good acoustic performance.
Comparison of inactivation and unfolding of calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase in guanidinium chloride solution (2012)

The changes in activity and unfolding of calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase (CIP) during denaturation in guanidinium chloride solutions of different concentrations were investigated using ultraviolet difference absorption spectra and fluorescence emission spectra. Unfolding and inactivation rate constants were measured and compared. The inactivation course is much faster than that of unfolding, which suggests that the active site of CIP containing two zinc ions and one magnesium ion is situated in a limited and flexible region of the enzyme molecule, which is more fragile to the denaturant than the protein as a whole.
Fault-tolerant and scalable TCP splice and web server architecture (2006)

This paper describes three enhancements to the TCP splicing mechanism: (1) Enable a TCP connection to be simultaneously spliced through multiple machines for higher scalability; (2) Make a spliced connection fault-tolerant to proxy failures; and (3) Provide flexibility of splitting a TCP splice between a proxy and a backend server for further increasing the scalability of a Web server system. A Web server architecture based on this enhanced TCP splicing is proposed. This architecture provides a highly scalable, seamless service to the users with minimal disruption during server failures. In addition to the traditional Web services in which users download Web pages, multimedia files and other types of data from a Web server, the proposed architecture supports newly emerging Web services that are highly interactive, and involve relatively longer, stateful client-server sessions. A prototype of this architecture has been implemented as a Linux 2.6 kernel module, and the paper presents important performance results measured from this implementation