gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of stretchable 3D graphene foam/poly-dimethylsiloxane composites for strain sensing (2015)

In this work, we present the fabrication of a 3D graphene and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite for strain sensing applications. A three-dimensional (3D) graphene foam (GF) was synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with nickel foam as a template. GF/PDMS composite was then formed by dip coating the graphene foam into PDMS solution and the nickel template was removed by etching in a hot hydrochloric acid. The ratio of PDMS and curing agent was varied to obtain the optimum condition for high conductivity and flexibility. The results from SEM showed that the composite of graphene foam with high PDMS:curing agent ratio provided more pores in the composite structure. The mechanical test demonstrates that the flexibility of optimal GF/PDMS composite with higher PDMS:curing agent ratio was higher than those prepared with other curing agent contents. The electrical resistance change of the GF/PDMS composite as a function of applied strain was studied. In addition, the resistance of the composite increased with increasing applied strain until the break at the strain of 15%, 21%, 23% and 83% for the composite with PDMS/curing agent ratios of 5:1, 10:1 and 15:1, and 20:1 respectively, respectively. The studied of electrical properties of the GF/PDMS composite under bending stress showed that the resistance of the GF/PDMS composite decreased considerably with increasing bending curvature and can be fully recovered after straightening. Therefore, GF/PDMS composites can be potentially to be used as a flexible strain sensor.
Completion of the amino acid sequences of the A and B chains of subcomponent C1q of the first component of human complement (1982)

The sequences of amino acid residues 109--224 of the A chain, and residues 109--22 of the B chain, of human subcomponent C1q are given. These results, along with previously published sequence data on the N-terminal, collagen-like, regions of the A and B chains [Reid (1979) Biochem. J. 179, 367--371] yield the complete amino acid sequences of the A and B chains of subcomponent C1q. The asparagine residue at position A-124 has been identified as the major site of asparagine-linked carbohydrate in subcomponent C1q. When the sequences of the C-terminal, 135-residue-long, 'globular' regions of A and B chains are compared they show 40% homology. The degree of homology over certain stretches of 15--20 residues, within the C-terminal regions, rises up to values of 73%, indicating the presence of strongly conserved structures. Structure prediction studies indicate that both the A and B chain C-terminal regions may adopt a predominantly beta-type structure with apparently little alpha-helical structure.
THE EVOLUTION OF THE MODERN ELECTRONIC COMPASS (1987)

Electronic compasses have been developed in an attempt to overcome the physical limitations of conventional compasses. Early electronic compasses like the Magnasyn and the Photoelectronic systems had serious flaws in that they were still based on magnetic card compasses. Fluxgate compasses with saturable toroidal coils operate on a second harmonic principle to measure the earth's field directly. Helmholtz coils and computer software together are the preferred solution for compensation of magnetic errors, since compensation via magnets is not adequate under conditions of roll and pitch. Modern compasses must be able to interface with a variety of marine electronic equipment.
Transmembrane chemokines: Versatile ‘special agents’ in vascular inflammation (2007)

Within the chemokine family of small chemotactic polypeptides CX3CL1 (fractalkine) and CXCL16 (SR-PSOX) are exceptional in that they are synthesized as transmembrane molecules and can be cleaved from the cell surface to produce a soluble chemoattractant. As transmembrane molecules on the surface of endothelial cells, CX3CL1 and CXCL16 can interact with their receptors CX3CR1 and CXCR6, respectively, which are expressed on leukocyte subtypes. This interaction leads to cell-cell adhesion that is resistant to shear forces. Transmembrane CX3CL1 and CXCL16 are constitutively shed from the cell surface by the activity of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 10, and cleavage can be rapidly enhanced by activation of the closely related enzyme ADAM17. This cleavage leads to the downregulation of adhesive properties and may even result in the detachment of bound cells. Functionally, both chemokines appear to exert homeostatic and inflammatory activities. Basal expression of CX3CL1 or CXCL16 may be relevant for positioning and survival of tissue-homing leukocytes. Upregulated expression is found under inflammatory conditions such as atherosclerosis where CXCL16 may have a dual function by acting as an adhesion molecule and by promoting uptake of oxidized LDL as a scavenger receptor. Accumulating evidence from knockout mice and genetic polymorphisms in humans points towards a differential contribution of CX3CL1 and CXCL16 in atherosclerosis, where shedding may serve to further regulate their biological functions. Small molecules that block either the receptors or the shedding enzymes of transmembrane chemokines need to be tested in animal models of vascular inflammation.
Purification and characterization of a novel proline-directed protein kinase from bovine brain. (1992)

A novel protein kinase which phosphorylates a synthetic peptide substrate (RRPDAHRTPNRAF) has been purified approximately 200,000-fold from bovine brain. This peptide contains the consensus sequence for phosphorylation by the p34cdc2 kinase. The purification procedure took advantage of the phenomenon that this novel brain kinase, in partially purified extracts, chromatographed on a gel filtration column as a high molecular weight complex which dissociated in buffer containing 1 M NaCl. The purified native enzyme was estimated to be approximately 63,000, and displayed two bands of M(r) = 33,000 and 25,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. On Western immunoblot, the M(r) = 33,000 peptide reacted strongly with antibodies specific for a conserved amino-terminal sequence, weakly with antibodies to the conserved PSTAIRE sequence, and not at all with antibodies to the carboxyl terminus, of HeLa cell p34cdc2. The brain kinase and p34cdc2 were similar in displaying good activity toward the parent peptide substrate, but no activity toward peptide analogues in which the -T-P- motif was substituted with either -T-G- or -T-A-. Both kinases showed marked preference in phosphorylating a peptide derived from H1 histone (KTPKKAKKPKTPKKAKKL), and both kinases could be phosphorylated by the src-family tyrosine kinase, p56lyn, purified from bovine spleen. However, the brain kinase did not co-purify with a subunit having a molecular weight corresponding to known cyclins, nor did it undergo specific interaction with p13suc1 beads, suggesting that this enzyme is distinct from p34cdc2.
Emission properties of PbO−Bi2O3−Ga2O3−GeO2 glasses doped with Tm3+ and Ho3+ (2003)

Heavy metal oxide glasses containing GeO2 were investigated as potential hosts for 1.48 μm fiber-optic amplifiers because of their low phonon energy. Addition of ⩾10 mol % GeO2 to 0.57PbO−0.25Bi2O3−0.18Ga2O3 (mole fraction) glass provided thermal stability as well as good emission properties. The optimum glass composition for 1.48 μm amplifiers, considering lifetimes and population of the Tm3+:3H4 level, was 0.8 (0.57PbO−0.25Bi2O3−0.18Ga2O3)−0.2GeO2 (mole fraction). As the concentration of codoped Ho3+ exceeded 0.2 mol %, the population density of the Tm3+:3H4 level decreased sharply and the population inversion between the H43 and F43 levels in Tm3+ was achieved.
Isolated Mini-domain for Trusted Cloud Computing (2013)

On the cloud system, guest domains for cloud customers can be attacked by one of administrators with privilege or remote hackers who can compromise management tools. Therefore, the customers need a guarantee that their domains run on the secure environment with a protection against them. In this paper, we examine the security issues incurred by I/O model of hyper visors with a management domain, and propose an isolated mini-domain to protect the guest domains under the untrustworthy environment by addressing those issues.
Boundary and mixed lubrication : science and applications : proceedings of the 28th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology held in the Messe Congress Center, Vienna,Austria, 4th-7th September, 2001 (2002)

Session headings. Keynote address and invited paper. Boundary lubrication 1. Boundary lubrication 2. Mixed lubrication. Lubricants 1. Lubricants 2. Nano-boundary lubrication and molecular dynamics. Coatings. Dry wear. Lubricated wear. Bio-tribology- total replacement hip joints. Elastohydrodynamic lubrication. Friction 1. Bearings. Friction 2. Mechanical systems.
Automated Analysis of Rodent Three-Channel Electrocardiograms and Vectorcardiograms (1985)

Exposure to toxic substances often produces alterations in heart rhythm and electrocardiographic waveform parameters such as PR interval, ST, etc. Analysis of such physiological changes is believed to provide sensitive indicators for revealing the degree of toxicity sustained. The purpose of this paper is to describe a system for automated analysis of electro-and vectorcardiograms in cardiotoxicity studies on rats. A selection of the best-suited methods of digital signal processing is also described.
2′5′ Obgoadenylate synthetase, an interferon induced enzyme: direct assay methods for the products, 2′5′ ohgoadenylates and 2′5′ co-oligonucleotides (1980)

The interferon induced enzyme 2'5' oligoadenylate synthetase produces 2'5' pppA(pA)n the first discovered natural nucleotide with a 2'5' linkage. We describe a direct assay of this enzyme based on separation by thin layer chromatography (TLC) of the substrate ATP and the products 2'5' pppA(pA)n (n larger than or equal to 1). This technique presents obvious advantages compared to the currently used methods. Moreover the enzyme uses other nucleotides as substrates forming co-oligonucleotides 2'5 pppA(pA)n pN (N = U,G,C,dA,dG,dT and dC). Additional procedures are described using different developing solvent systems for the separation of the core-2'5' oligonucleotides (2'5' A(pA)npN) containing AMP-residues entirely and those with another nucleotide at the 2' end.
4. A Survey of Elastic and Electromagnetic Properties of Near-Surface Soils (2005)

Introduction The near-surface is covered with soil in most onshore and offshore locations. Soil characterization by sampling and in-situ testing techniques (e.g., cone penetration and pressure meters) faces unavoidable perturbation effects. On the other hand, low-power geophysical techniques cause no appreciable perturbation and provide an effective alternative for site assessment. In particular, near-surface site characterization using elastic and electromagnetic perturbations yields important information related to the soil mass, including the spatial distribution of materials, small-strain elastic properties and electromagnetic characteristics. In turn, geophysical measurements can be associated with soil parameters relevant to geotechnical engineering analysis and design.
Prediction of antibiotic resistance by gene expression profiles (2014)

Although many mutations contributing to antibiotic resistance have been identified, the relationship between the mutations and the related phenotypic changes responsible for the resistance has yet to be fully elucidated. To better characterize phenotype-genotype mapping for drug resistance, here we analyse phenotypic and genotypic changes of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli strains obtained by laboratory evolution. We demonstrate that the resistances can be quantitatively predicted by the expression changes of a small number of genes. Several candidate mutations contributing to the resistances are identified, while phenotype-genotype mapping is suggested to be complex and includes various mutations that cause similar phenotypic changes. The integration of transcriptome and genome data enables us to extract essential phenotypic changes for drug resistances.
Developmental expression of the <i>α</i> receptor for platelet-derived growth factor, which is deleted in the embryonic lethal <i>Patch</i> mutation (1992)

The alpha receptor of PDGF (Pdgfra) is expressed in primitive endoderm and mesoderm derivatives throughout embryogenesis. In the early primitive streak stage the gene is transcribed in the visceral and parietal endoderm. Later it is expressed in the presomitic mesoderm, yolk sac and amnion. During somitogenesis its transcription localizes to the heart and the somites. Subsequently, it is transcribed in the dermatome, the sclerotome, the developing limb and in various mesenchymal tissues of visceral organs. Its wild-type expression pattern correlates well with the phenotype of homozygous mutant Patch (Ph) embryos, where the Pdgfra gene is deleted. The Ph phenotype is first detectable at the primitive streak stage with convoluted and hypertrophic visceral yolk sac, deformed neural plate and disorganized or missing mesoderm. Most Ph/Ph embryos die before the 11th day of gestation. Those that survive till early organogenesis are very small, have hypertrophic yolk sacs, small and undifferentiated somites, convoluted neural tubes, large heart and pericardium, rudimentary limb buds and branchial arches. Our observations together suggest that the alpha PDGF receptor may be required for the normal development of visceral endoderm and mesoderm derivatives.
A high-throughput chemical screen with FDA approved drugs reveals that the antihypertensive drug Spironolactone impairs cancer cell survival by inhibiting homology directed repair (2014)

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most severe type of DNA damage. DSBs are repaired by non-homologous end-joining or homology directed repair (HDR). Identifying novel small molecules that affect HDR is of great importance both for research use and therapy. Molecules that elevate HDR may improve gene targeting whereas inhibiting molecules can be used for chemotherapy, since some of the cancers are more sensitive to repair impairment. Here, we performed a high-throughput chemical screen for FDA approved drugs, which affect HDR in cancer cells. We found that HDR frequencies are increased by retinoic acid and Idoxuridine and reduced by the antihypertensive drug Spironolactone. We further revealed that Spironolactone impairs Rad51 foci formation, sensitizes cancer cells to DNA damaging agents, to Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and cross-linking agents and inhibits tumor growth in xenografts, in mice. This study suggests Spironolactone as a new candidate for chemotherapy.
ChemInform Abstract: Click Chemistry in Peptide Science: A Mini‐Review: Synthesis of Clickable Peptides and Applications (2013)

Abstract Review: 30 refs.
Reworking Mollywood (2019)

Gender studies, a form of scholarship with strong connections to women’s studies and LGBTQI studies primarily challenges what Gayle Rubin refers to as the “sex/gender system”, which positions heterosexuality as the only normal form of sexual relations and thus bifurcates humans into “males” and “females”. To better ensure the distinction of these two sexes, the sex/gender system demands that the males always behave in ways conventionally understood as “masculine” while females must behave in a traditionally “feminine” manner. By linking these sexes to these specific genders, Rubin argues, the sex/gender system works as a powerful regulator of individual behavior and social relations, particularly with regard to the subjugation of women.
Regulation of Ras Localization and Cell Transformation by Evolutionarily Conserved Palmitoyltransferases (2013)

Ras can act on the plasma membrane (PM) to mediate extracellular signaling and tumorigenesis. To identify key components controlling Ras PM localization, we performed an unbiased screen to seek Schizosaccharomyces pombe mutants with reduced PM Ras. Five mutants were found with mutations affecting the same gene, S. pombe erf2 (sp-erf2), encoding sp-Erf2, a palmitoyltransferase, with various activities. sp-Erf2 localizes to the trans-Golgi compartment, a process which is mediated by its third transmembrane domain and the Erf4 cofactor. In fission yeast, the human ortholog zDHHC9 rescues the phenotypes of sp-erf2 null cells. In contrast, expressing zDHHC14, another sp-Erf2-like human protein, did not rescue Ras1 mislocalization in these cells. Importantly, ZDHHC9 is widely overexpressed in cancers. Overexpressing ZDHHC9 promotes, while repressing it diminishes, Ras PM localization and transformation of mammalian cells. These data strongly demonstrate that sp-Erf2/zDHHC9 palmitoylates Ras proteins in a highly selective manner in the trans-Golgi compartment to facilitate PM targeting via the trans-Golgi network, a role that is most certainly critical for Ras-driven tumorigenesis.
Reduced fertility and spermatogenesis defects in mice lacking chromosomal protein Hmgb2 (2001)

High mobility group 2 protein (Hmgb2) is a member of the HMGB protein family, which includes the ubiquitous Hmgb1 and the embryo-specific Hmgb3. The three proteins are more than 80% identical at the amino acid level and their biochemical properties are indistinguishable. Hmgb1 is an abundant component of all mammalian nuclei and acts as an architectural factor that bends DNA and promotes protein assembly on specific DNA targets. Cells that lack Hmgb1 can survive, although mutant mice die shortly after birth. As Hmgb2 is present in all cultured cells and is abundant in thymus, the preferred source for HMGB proteins, it was considered a ubiquitous variant of Hmgb1. We show that in adult mice Hmgb2 is restricted mainly to lymphoid organs and testes, although it is widely expressed during embryogenesis. Mice that lack Hmgb2 are viable. However, male Hmgb2(-/-) mice have reduced fertility, that correlates with Sertoli and germ cell degeneration in seminiferous tubules and immotile spermatozoa. Significantly, Hmgb2 is expressed at very high levels in primary spermatocytes, while it is barely detectable in spermatogonia and elongated spermatids. This peculiar pattern of expression and the phenotype of mutants indicate that Hmgb2 has a specialised role in germ cell differentiation.
Can serendipity be planned (2004)

Lack of communication among colleagues in the workplace is a widespread problem. Many companies struggle with the silo syndrome ? employees from different departments tend to keep to themselves, leading to inefficiencies and missed opportunities, particularly those that would arise from chance encounters among people who don't, but should, know each other. 

The author asserts that two parallel paradigm shifts are helping to change that. The first is a movement from desktop to mobile computing. The second is the move from individual to software, here defined as programs that enable a group of people to accomplish common goals. Together, they say, the two trends have the potential to dramatically transform the ways in which companies conduct business. 

Toward that end, the author and his colleagues have developed a new technology that could help facilitate greater workplace collaboration. The technology, known as Serendipity, is a yet to be commercialized mobile-phone application, intended to extend (rather than supplant) existing enterprise-communication and knowledge-management systems by untethering them from the desktop so that they can be used in social situations where they might be most beneficial: near the water cooler, in the hallway, around the coffee machine. 

Serendipity relies on Bluetooth, a low-power radio-frequency protocol designed primarily to enable wireless headsets or laptops to connect to mobile phones. A byproduct of that functionality, however, is that Bluetooth devices are aware of one another, which essentially turns them into short-range beacons, each with its own unique ID. 

In this article, the author explains how Serendipity works and discusses a number of the potential business applications that could arise from its ability to study, track and, perhaps most importantly, predict the dynamics of a social network. He also discusses some of the privacy issues and necessary safeguards ? such as opt-in methodologies that would have to be associated with such applications.
Histochemistry of Reaction Wood Cell Walls in Two Species of Eucalyptus and in Tristania Conferta R.Br (1972)

The results of extensive histochemical tests carried out on the walls of reaction wood cells in the stems of Eucalyptus spp. and Tristania conferta are presented. They are interpreted on the basis of the known chemistry and structure of such walls. These, in their turn, are related to the location of the cells in the stems. Of particular interest is the histochemical and structural heterogeneity of cell wall layer G. This heterogeneity is discussed in relation to the penetration of G by lignin precursors of extracellular origin and the possible release of phenolic substances from the protoplasts of living reaction wood, ray, and xylem parenchyma cells. The presence of peroxidase in the G layer is confirmed, and the marked tendency of G to stain when supplied with certain phenols and hydrogen peroxide demonstrated. Reduced lignification of G is tentatively attributed to retardation of lignin precursor penetration of G rather than to a lack of precursor availability.
Functional importance of the dihydropyridine‐sensitive, yet voltage‐insensitive store‐operated Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx of U937 cells (1996)

The Ca2+ current activated by Ca2+ store depletion in non-excitable cells is classically regarded as being dihydropyridine-insensitive, suggesting that store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOCs) are dissimilar to voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCs) of excitable-cells. Here, we demonstrate dihydropyridine-sensitivity for the store-operated Ca2+ influx induced by ATP and thapsigargin (Tg) in the non-excitable U937 cell-line. Ca2+ store depletion by prior treatment of cells with either Tg or ATP, stimulated a Ca2+ entry mechanism that was inhibited by nicardipine, nifedipine, and the specific L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, calciseptine. A functional requirement for this Ca2+ influx mechanism in agonist-induced mitogenesis seemed likely, since nicardipine, a particularly potent inhibitor of store-operated Ca2+ influx in these cells, suppressed ATP- and Tg-stimulated cell proliferation. Depolarisation of cells with KCl, or gramicidin failed to elicit an increase in cytosolic Ca2+, suggesting that while the store-operated Ca2+ influx channel of U937 cells shares pharmacologic properties with the L-type Ca2+ channel, it is voltage-insensitive and therefore may resemble an L-type Ca2+ channel lacking a voltage sensor.
Generation of multiple sound zones by spatial filtering in wavenumber domain using a linear array of loudspeakers (2014)

Novel signal processing is proposed for generating acoustically bright and dark zones at arbitrary horizontal positions using a linear array of loudspeakers. Most conventional methods are based on the numerical calculation of the inverse of the spatial correlation matrix between control points and the positions of the loudspeakers. However, such methods are quite unstable because the acoustic inverse problem is very ill-conditioned. On the other hand, in the proposed method, spatial filters in the wavenumber domain are analytically derived by introducing the spectral division method and modeling sound pressures at the control line as a rectangular window corresponding to bright and dark zones. Computer simulation results show that the proposed method can generate acoustically bright and dark zones more accurately than the conventional acoustic energy difference maximization method.