gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Optimal adaptive diversity watermarking with channel state estimation</title> (2001)

This work advocates the formulation of digital watermarking as a communication problem. We consider watermarking as communication with side information available for both encoder and decoder. A generalized watermarking channel is considered that includes geometrical attacks, fading and additive non-Gaussian noise. The optimal encoding/decoding scenario is discussed for the generalized watermarking channel.
Red-Absorbing Cationic Acceptor Dyes for Photocathodes in Tandem Solar Cells (2014)

A pair of new donor−π–acceptor dyes that absorb toward the red region of the visible spectrum (CAD 1 and CAD 2) utilizing indolium cationic acceptor units have been synthesized for use in p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSC). Their optical and electrochemical properties were determined experimentally, including application of ultrafast transient absorption and time-resolved infrared spectroscopies. Our results are supported by computational modeling. NiO-based p-DSCs with CAD 1 and CAD 2 gave short-circuit photocurrent densities of 3.6 and 3.3 mA cm–2, respectively, which are substantially higher than that of any previous red-absorbing p-DSC. These results are a step toward tandem dye-sensitized solar cells that absorb higher-energy photons at the TiO2 anode and lower-energy photons at the NiO cathode. Routes to further improve the efficiency of NiO DSCS are also discussed.
Improved efficiency and stability of secnidazole – An ideal delivery system (2014)

Secnidazole (α,2-Dimethyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole-1-ethanol) is a highly effective drug against a variety of G(+)/G(-) bacteria but with significant side effects because it is being used in very high concentration. In this study, gold nanoparticles (GNPS) were selected as a vehicle to deliver secnidazole drug at the specific site with more accuracy which made the drug highly effective at substantially low concentrations. The as-synthesized GNPs were capped with Human Serum Albumin (HSA) and subsequently bioconjugated with secnidazole because HSA provides the stability and improves the solubility of the bioconjugated drug, secnidazole. The quantification of covalently bioconjugated secnidazole with HSA encapsulated on enzymatically synthesized GNPs was done with RP-HPLC having SPD-20 A UV/VIS detector by using the C-18 column. The bioconjugation of GNPs with secnidazole was confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The bioconjugated GNPs were characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy, TEM, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and DLS. Zeta potential confirmed the stability and uniform distribution of particles in the emulsion of GNPs. The separation of bioconjugated GNPs, unused GNPs and unused drug was done by gel filtration chromatography. The minimal inhibitory concentration of secnidazole-conjugated gold nanoparticles (Au-HSA-Snd) against Klebsiella pneumonia (NCIM No. 2957) and Bacillus cereus (NCIM No. 2156) got improved by 12.2 times and 14.11 times, respectively, in comparison to pure secnidazole. Precisely, the MIC of Au-HSA-Snd against K. pneumonia (NCIM No. 2957) and B. cereus (NCIM No. 2156) were found to be 0.35 and 0.43 μg/ml, respectively whereas MIC of the pure secnidazole drug against the same bacteria were found to be 4.3 and 6.07 μg/ml, respectively.
Some difficulties in<i>Beowulf</i>, lines 874–902: Sigemund reconsidered (1995)

The episode of Beowulf's fight with Grendel is followed almost immediately by brief accounts of two very different heroic careers – those of Sigemund and of Heremod – sung by a minstrel-thegn of Hrothgar, apparently in praise of the hero, as the celebrating Danes race their horses back from Grendel's mere. This narrative sequence invites us to contextualize Beowulf's first great exploit in a broader frame, but the poet does not make explicit the precise nature of the comparisons between these three figures. The critics, however, have broadly agreed that the link with Sigemund compliments Beowulf, whilst the parallel with Heremod contrasts with the hero and with Sigemund. E. G. Stanley comments that the poet ‘perhaps … perceives the hero of his poem at this point as being all that, in descriptions known to him, made Sigemund glorious and all that Heremod was not’. F. C. Robinson agrees that the meaning of this section ‘is never spelled out, but the implication is clear: Beowulf is like Sigemund, unlike Heremod’. The contrast between the ‘sustained heroic exploits’ of Sigemund and the downfall of Heremod is, for R. E. Kaske,. ‘the basic theme of the whole Sigemund-Heremod passage’, and this interpretation is, he thinks, ‘hardly open to question’. The purpose of this article is to re-open the question of the nature of the relationship between Sigemund and Beowulf.
Potentiation of antinociceptive effect of NSAIDs by a specific lipooxygenase inhibitor, acetyl 11-keto-beta boswellic acid. (2006)

The present study was aimed to assess the combined effects of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase (COX/5-LOX) inhibitors in different animal models of nociception. Naproxen, nimesulide and rofecoxib are well-established antinociceptive agents acting via COX inhibition. AKBA (acetyl-keto-beta-boswellic acid) is a 5-LOX inhibitor. AKBA (50-200 mg/kg) produced a dose dependent and significant antinociceptive effect in different animal models of nociception. Based on the earlier reports from our laboratory, sub effective doses of all the three COX Inhibitors were selected and they were administered (naproxen, 5 mg/kg; nimesulide, 1 mg/kg; and rofecoxib, 1 mg/kg) with AKBA (100 mg/kg). This produced a more significant antinociceptive effect as compared to per se effect observed in all the three models of nociception. However, the effect of combination of nimesulide with AKBA was more pronounced as compared to naproxen and rofecoxib and their combination with AKBA. The present finding provided an evidence for the potentiation of antinociceptive effect of NSAIDs with AKBA. Such a combination may help to reduce the therapeutic doses of conventional NSAIDs and also reduce side effects (gastric, cardiac and renal) that are popularly associated with the NSAIDs.
Surface organization of aqueous MgCl <sub>2</sub> and application to atmospheric marine aerosol chemistry (2010)

Inorganic salts in marine aerosols play an active role in atmospheric chemistry, particularly in coastal urban regions. The study of the interactions of these ions with water molecules at the aqueous surface helps to elucidate the role of inorganic cations and anions in atmospheric processes. We present surface vibrational sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopic and molecular dynamics (MD) studies of aqueous MgCl(2) surfaces as models of marine aerosol. Spectroscopy results reveal that the disturbance of the hydrogen bonding environment of the air/aqueous interface is dependent on the MgCl(2) concentration. At low concentrations (< 1 M) minor changes are observed. At concentrations above 1 M the hydrogen bonding environment is highly perturbed. The 2.1 M intermediate concentration solution shows the largest SFG response relative to the other solutions including concentrations as high as 4.7 M. The enhancement of SFG signal observed for the 2.1 M solution is attributed to a larger SFG-active interfacial region and more strongly oriented water molecules relative to other concentrations. MD simulations reveal concentration dependent compression of stratified layers of ions and water orientation differences at higher concentrations. SFG and MD studies of the dangling OH of the surface water reveal that the topmost water layer is affected structurally at high concentrations (> 3.1 M). Finally, the MgCl(2) concentration effect on a fatty acid coated aqueous surface was investigated and SFG spectra reveal that deprotonation of the carboxylic acid of atmospherically relevant palmitic acid (PA) is accompanied by binding of the Mg(2+) to the PA headgroup.
A Model Plant Pathogen from the Kingdom Animalia:<i>Heterodera glycines</i>, the Soybean Cyst Nematode (2006)

The soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, adversely affects the production of soybean, Glycine max, in many areas of the world, particularly in the United States, where it is the most economically important soybean pathogen. Despite the availability of hundreds of H. glycines-resistant soybean cultivars, the nematode continues to be a major limiting factor in soybean production. The use of nonhost rotation and resistance are the primary means of reducing losses caused by the nematode, but each of these options has disadvantages. As a subject for study of nematode parasitism and virulence, H. glycines provides a useful model despite its obligately parasitic nature. Its obligately sexual reproduction and ready adaptation to resistant cultivars, formerly referred to as "race shift," presents an excellent opportunity for the study of virulence in nematodes. Recent advances in H. glycines genomics have helped identify putative nematode parasitism genes, which, in turn, will aid in the understanding of nematode pathogenicity and virulence and may provide new targets for engineering nematode resistance.
A sutureless technique using cyanoacrylate adhesives when creating a stoma for extremely low birth weight infants (2016)

Sutureless enterostomy using cyanoacrylate adhesive is a simple technique which has the potential to reduce the incidence of complications related to the intestinal stoma in ELBW infants.
Multi-wavelength lenses for terahertz surface wave (2017)

Metasurface-based surface wave (SW) devices working at multi-wavelength has been continuously arousing enormous curiosity recently, especially in the terahertz community. In this work, we propose a multi-layer metasurface structure composed of metallic slit pairs to build terahertz SW devices. The slit pair has a narrow bandwidth and its response frequency can be altered by its geometric parameter, thereby suppressing the frequency crosstalk and reducing the difficulty of design. By elaborately tailoring the distribution of the slit pairs, a series of achromatic SW lenses (SWLs) working at 0.6, 0.75 and 1 THz are experimentally demonstrated by the near field scanning terahertz microscope (NSTM) system. In addition, a wavelength-division-multiplexer (WDM) is further designed and implemented, which is promising in building multiplexed devices for plasmonic circuits. The structure proposed here cannot only couple the terahertz wave from free space to SWs, but also control its propagation. Moreover, our findings demonstrate the great potential to design multi-wavelength plasmonic metasurface devices, which can be extended to microwave and visible frequencies as well.
Responsive transporter genes within the murine intestinal-pancreatic axis form a basis of zinc homeostasis (2004)

Zn homeostasis in animals is a consequence of avid uptake and retention, except during conditions of limited dietary availability, and/or factors such as parasites, which compete for this micronutrient or compromise retention by the host. Membrane proteins that facilitate Zn transport constitute the SLC30A (ZnT) and SLC39A (Zip) gene families. Because dietary recommendations are based on the balance between intestinal absorption and endogenous losses, we have studied Zn transporter expression of the murine intestinal-pancreatic axis to identify transporters that are likely to be involved in homeostatic control of Zn metabolism. Marked tissue specificity of expression was observed in Zn-depleted vs. Zn-adequate mice. As shown by quantitative PCR, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry, intestinal Zip4 was markedly up-regulated in response to Zn-depletion conditions. The increased abundance of Zip4 is concentrated at the apical membrane of enterocytes. There are 16 ZnT and Zip transporters expressed in pancreas. Only two, ZnT1 and ZnT2 (both cellular Zn exporters), show a progressive down-regulation under Zn-depleted conditions. In Zn-adequate mice, ZnT1 is diffusely distributed in acinar cell cytoplasm and colocalizes with alpha-amylase but is not detected in pancreatic islets. In acinar cells during Zn depletion, ZnT1 is localized to the plasma membrane. Intestinal Zip4 up-regulation by Zn-depletion conditions is dampened in metallothionein knockout mice, suggesting that intracellular Zn pools influence these responses. The results show that Zn transporter expression in the intestinal-pancreatic axis is a component of the homeostatic regulation of this micronutrient.
Wideband dual-frequency double inverted-L CPW-fed monopole antenna for WLAN application (2005)

A novel and simple wideband dual-frequency design of a coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed monopole antenna is proposed. The antenna comprises a planar patch element with a sided L-shaped slit to become a double inverted-L monopole and is capable of generating two separate resonant modes with good impedance matching conditions. Prototypes of the proposed antenna have been constructed and studied experimentally. The measured results show good agreement with the numerical prediction, and good dual-frequency operations with −10 dB impedance bandwidths of 7.3% and 35.1% at the resonant frequencies of 2.48 and 5.22 GHz, respectively, which cover the 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN operating bands. Also, good monopole-like radiation patterns and antenna gains over the operating bands have been obtained.
Inhibition of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synthesis during Premeiotic Stages of Spermatogenesis by a Factor from Testis-Associated Lymphomyeloid Tissue in the Dogfish Shark (Squalus Acanthias)1 (1995)

To investigate factors controlling spermatogonial proliferation, we used premeiotic (PrM) spermatocysts (stage-synchronized germ cell/Sertoli cell clones) derived from the testis of the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) as an in vitro test system to estimate DNA synthesis by [3H]thymidine incorporation. Coculture of PrM spermatocysts with spermatocysts of the same (PrM) or more advanced stages (M, meiotic; PoM, postmeiotic) revealed the presence of an increasing gradient of inhibitory bioactivity from immature to mature stages (PoM > M > PrM). An even more potent and effective inhibition was detected when PrM spermatocysts were cocultured with equivalent amounts of epigonal organ, a lymphomyeloid tissue encapsulating the testis adjacent to the mature (PoM) region and immediately upstream in the vascular pathway. Inhibitory bioactivity also was present in spent media from cultured epigonal fragments and in cytosolic subfractions of epigonal homogenates but was undetectable in epididymis, muscle, serum, and red blood cells. Lower but significant inhibition was obtained with the white blood cell fraction of peripheral blood in one of two experiments. Effects of the epigonal growth-inhibitory factor (EGIF) were dose- and time-dependent, had a short response latency (3 h), were completely reversible (< 24 h after washout), and counteracted but did not block the stimulatory effects of insulin on [3H]thymidine incorporation by PrM spermatocysts. EGIF was equally inhibitory when tested on each of five PrM substages (stem cells-->preleptotene). Analysis of the entire series of experiments showed that testis-derived inhibitory activity varied seasonally, with maximum effectiveness correlated with periods of spermatogenic inactivity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Sedentary Behaviors Increase Risk Of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality In Men (2009)

Scientific evidence suggests a positive association between sedentary behaviors and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between two common sedentary behaviors (riding in car and watching television) and CVD mortality in men who enrolled in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. METHODS: Participants were 7,304 men (20-81 yr) initially free of CVD who had extensive health examinations during 1970-1982. Sedentary behavior was assessed with a questionnaire at baseline. Cox regression analysis quantified the association between sedentary behaviors (hr/wk watching television, hr/wk riding in car, total hr/wk in these two behaviors) categorized in quartiles and CVD mortality rates. RESULTS: 378 CVD deaths occurred during a mean 25.0 years of follow-up. After adjusting for multiple variables, riding in a car and total sedentary behavior were significantly (p<.05) associated with CVD death. Men who reported >10 hrs/wk riding in a car had a 50% greater risk of dying from CVD than those who reported <4 hr/wk. There was a 36% higher risk of CVD death in men reporting >11 hr/wk of total sedentary behavior compared with men reporting <5 hr/wk. Regardless of the amount of sedentary activity reported by these men, being younger, normal weight, normotensive, aerobically fit, and physically active appeared to have a protective effect on risk of CVD death. There was no significant association between watching television and CVD death in men. CONCLUSION: In this study, riding in a car and total sedentary behavior were significant CVD mortality predictors in men. In addition, high levels of physical activity and aerobic fitness proved protective of CVD death even in the presence of high levels of sedentary behavior. Health promotion efforts targeting men should emphasize both reducing sedentary activity and increasing regular physical activity and aerobic fitness to gain optimal cardiovascular health.
Role of citric acid in the after-cooking darkening of .gamma.-irradiated potato tubers (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRole of citric acid in the after-cooking darkening of .gamma.-irradiated potato tubersPaul Thomas, Sieghard Adam, and J. Friedrich DiehlCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1979, 27, 3, 519–523Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60223a028RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (589 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Electronic structure of MgCNi3−xTMx (TM=Cu,Co,Mn) (2002)

The effects on the electronic structure and magnetic property of the Ni site substitution in nonoxide perovskite superconductor MgCNi3 are studied by using density functional calculations. A sharp high peak of Ni d density of states just lies below the Fermi energy in pure MgCNi3. Co-doping results in the onset of ferromagnetism at x=0.083. However, the little energy gain as well as small magnetic moment per atom indicate the weak itinerant ferromagnetism. The strong ferromagnetic spin fluctuation in MgCNi3−xCox leads to quench bulk superconductivity, while the Mn atom forms a local magnetic moment of 1.06 μB at x=0.042 which suppresses superconductivity more seriously than Co does in the low doping case. Cu doping can be well accounted for by the rigid band model, which reduces the density of states at the Fermi level and the Tc.
A typhoon observed with the MU radar (1989)

Abstract During the passage of Typhoon 8719 a 60-h continuous observation was made of the troposphere and the lower stratosphere with the MU (middle and upper atmosphere) radar. Height profiles of the wind velocity vector were measured every 2.5 min with a height resolution of 150 m. The typhoon struck Japan's main island on 17 October 1987, and passed within 100 km of the MU radar. A clear turning of the wind velocity associated with the typhoon was observed up to a height of around 18 km, while short-period wind fluctuations showed strong effects associated with the typhoon up to 24 km. Prominent waves with vertical wavelength of 2–4 km and apparent period of ∼10 h were found throughout the observation period. The vertical hodograph analysis revealed that these waves propagate both upward and downward from around the layer of a temperature inversion, suggesting the generation of these waves from that layer.
Small Worlds: The Character, Role and Significance of Constituent Units in Federations and Federal Political Systems (2013)

Dans cet article, je trace les grandes lignes des facteurs clés et des variables entrant dans l’étude comparative des entités constituantes, perçues en tant que « petits mondes » (small worlds), dans les États fédéraux et les systèmes politiques. On y inclut la spécificité, le rôle et l’importance générale de ces entités constituantes, en tant que blocs territoriaux au sein de l’État, ce dernier déterminant à son tour la fonction que chacun d’entre eux joue dans le corps politique. Cette brève présentation met en évidence la façon dont ces facteurs et variables sont étroitement liés et révèlent des cultures politiques infranationales complexes. Elles sont généralement ancrées dans les constitutions écrites et des systèmes juridiques qui utilisent avec succès des procédures et des dispositifs asymétriques afin de faire coexister les politiques de différence, que ces « petits mondes » ont pour principal objectif de protéger, promouvoir et préserver.
A Fast, Small, and Dynamic Forwarding Information Base (2017)

Concise is a Forwarding information base (FIB) design that uses very little memory to support fast query of a large number of dynamic network names or flow IDs. Concise makes use of minimal perfect hashing and the SDN framework to design and implement the data structure, protocols, and system. Experimental results show that Concise uses significantly smaller memory to achieve faster query speed compared to existing FIB solutions and it can be updated very efficiently.
Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-specific CD8+ CTL clones from patients with HTLV-I-associated neurologic disease secrete proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinase (1997)

Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a chronic, progressive neurologic disease characterized by marked degeneration of the spinal cord and the presence of infiltrating CD8+ T cells and macrophages. HAM/TSP patients have very high frequencies of HTLV-I-specific CD8+ CTL in peripheral blood and in cerebrospinal fluid. In this study, we show that HAM/TSP patients also have elevated levels of peripheral blood CD8+ T cells that produce intracellular IFN-gamma. To address the potential role of soluble mediators secreted by CD8+ T cells in the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP, we have analyzed the capacity of a panel of nine HTLV-I-specific CD8+ CTL clones derived from three HAM/TSP patients to secrete cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases. The results demonstrate that the majority of these CTL clones secrete IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha and -1beta, IL-16, and matrix metalloproteinase-9. These findings indicate that HTLV-I-specific CD8+ CTL are an important source of proinflammatory soluble mediators that may contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP.
Analysis of cytological specimens from mediastinal lesions obtained by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (2006)

Cytologic specimens from mediastinal or celiac lymph nodes obtained with EUS-FNA were reliable and accurate. Specimens from left adrenal glands and intrapulmonary tumor masses showed promising results.