gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Models of triple-stranded polynucleotides with optimised stereochemistry (1976)

Detailed models are presented for the triple-stranded polynucleotide helices of poly (U)-poly (A)-poly (U) (two forms), poly (U)-poly d (A) -poly (U), poly d(C)-poly d(I)-poly d(C), poly d(T)-polyd(A)-poly d(T) and poly (I)-poly (A)-poly (I). The models were genrated using a computerized, linked-atom procedure which preserves standard bond lengths, bond anglesand sugar ring conformations, constrains the helices to have the pitches and symmetries observed in X-ray diffraction experiments, and optimises the non-bonded interatomic contacts including hydrogen bonds. The possible biological sigificance of such complexes is discussed.
Dual role of a hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole UV absorber in the photooxidation of wool (1979)

Abstract The protective effect of the UV absorber, sodium 2‐(2′‐hydroxy‐5′‐methylphenyl)benzotriazole sulfonate, on the light stability of wool has been examined. The degree of protection, as measured by the reduction in the rate of photoyellowing of the fiber, is highly dependent on both the spectral composition of the light source and the pH at which the absorber is applied to the fiber. This is due mainly to traces of the deprotonated, phosphorescent form of the absorber which can sensitize the photooxidation of wool in visible light, hence counteracting the photostabilizing influence of the UV absorber.
Phenoxides and thiophenoxides of aluminum and gallium. Evidence of a 1H-19F coupling in (R2MOC6F5)2 in solution. Crystal and molecular structures of (Me2AlOC6F5)2 and (Me2GaSC6F5)2 (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhenoxides and thiophenoxides of aluminum and gallium. Evidence of a 1H-19F coupling in (R2MOC6F5)2 in solution. Crystal and molecular structures of (Me2AlOC6F5)2 and (Me2GaSC6F5)2D. Greg Hendershot, Rajesh Kumar, Maryfrances Barber, and John P. OliverCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 6, 1917–1922Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00052a043https://doi.org/10.1021/om00052a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views192Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Ion-irradiation effect on high-temperature behaviors of advanced SiC fibers (2011)

Heavy ion beam irradiation is usually chosen to simulate neutron irradiation damages in materials. However, there has the difficulty to study macro-properties of irradiated materials due to the very small affected depth. In this study, we have explored macro-properties of the ion-irradiated materials, owing to very fine diameter of Tyranno™-SA SiC fibers. The fibers were irradiated at a National Large Accelerator of Heavy Ions facility, GANIL (Caen, France), under 95 MeV Xe ions at room-temperature. To prevent the damage gradient in fiber, the fibers were irradiated on two sides with two fluence levels. According to TRIM-code calculation, the irradiation damages in the fibers affected the entire volume of the fibers with estimations of 0.05 and 0.2 dpa. The high-temperature behaviors of the ion-irradiated fibers from room temperature to 1200 °C were investigated by a specific tensile test device of single fiber, named MacaSiC. The thermo-elastic modulus of the ion-irradiated fibers showed the recovering, which started from 600 °C during heating. The thermo-electrical conductivity of the ion-irradiated fibers gradually increased until 900 °C and then saturated during heating and gradually decreased during cooling. The normalized value of electrical conductivity for 0.05 dpa irradiated fibers had higher than that of 0.02 dpa irradiated fibers after heating and cooling.
Subunit interactions within the <i>Chlamydomonas</i> flagellar spokehead (2011)

The radial spoke (RS)/central pair (CP) system in cilia and flagella plays an essential role in the regulation of force generation by dynein, the motor protein that drives cilia/flagella movements. Mechanical and mechanochemicl interactions between the CP and the distal part of the RS, the spokehead, should be crucial for this control; however, the details of interaction are totally unknown. As an initial step toward an understanding of the RS-CP interaction, we examined the protein-protein interactions between the five spokehead proteins (radial spoke protein (RSP)1, RSP4, RSP6, RSP9, and RSP10) and three spoke stalk proteins (RSP2, RSP5, and RSP23), all expressed as recombinant proteins. Three of them were shown to have physiological activities by electroporation-mediated protein delivery into mutants deficient in the respective proteins. Glutathione S-transferase pulldown assays in vitro detected interactions in 10 out of 64 pairs of recombinants. In addition, chemical crosslinking of axonemes using five reagents detected seven kinds of interactions between the RS subunits in situ. Finally, in the mixture of the recombinant spokehead subunits, RSP1, RSP4, RSP6, and RSP9 formed a 7-10S complex as detected by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. It may represent a partial assembly of the spokehead. From these results, we propose a model of interactions taking place between the spokehead subunits.
<title>Dynamic output characteristics of piezoelectric actuators</title> (1993)

Like every dynamic output device, piezoceramic (PZT) actuators have their own output characteristics. The output characteristics of PZT actuators are functions of frequency and may be treated as frequency independent only in a certain frequency range. The dynamic excitation provided by a PZT actuator depends on its dynamic characteristics and structural mechanical impedance. The conventional method of using the statically determined induced moment or the force of PZT actuators as forcing functions is not correct. This paper uses a simple example, a PZT actuator-driven one-degree-of-freedom spring-damper-mass system, to illustrate the methodology used to determine the dynamic characteristics of PZT actuators and the structural response based on the concept of structural impedance.
Myeloma Is Characterized by Stage-Specific Alterations in DNA Methylation That Occur Early during Myelomagenesis (2013)

Epigenetic changes play important roles in carcinogenesis and influence initial steps in neoplastic transformation by altering genome stability and regulating gene expression. To characterize epigenomic changes during the transformation of normal plasma cells to myeloma, we modified the HpaII tiny fragment enrichment by ligation-mediated PCR assay to work with small numbers of purified primary marrow plasma cells. The nano-HpaII tiny fragment enrichment by ligation-mediated PCR assay was used to analyze the methylome of CD138(+) cells from 56 subjects representing premalignant (monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance), early, and advanced stages of myeloma, as well as healthy controls. Plasma cells from premalignant and early stages of myeloma were characterized by striking, widespread hypomethylation. Gene-specific hypermethylation was seen to occur in the advanced stages, and cell lines representative of relapsed cases were found to be sensitive to decitabine. Aberrant demethylation in monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance occurred primarily in CpG islands, whereas differentially methylated loci in cases of myeloma occurred predominantly outside of CpG islands and affected distinct sets of gene pathways, demonstrating qualitative epigenetic differences between premalignant and malignant stages. Examination of the methylation machinery revealed that the methyltransferase, DNMT3A, was aberrantly hypermethylated and underexpressed, but not mutated in myeloma. DNMT3A underexpression was also associated with adverse overall survival in a large cohort of patients, providing insights into genesis of hypomethylation in myeloma. These results demonstrate widespread, stage-specific epigenetic changes during myelomagenesis and suggest that early demethylation can be a potential contributor to genome instability seen in myeloma. We also identify DNMT3A expression as a novel prognostic biomarker and suggest that relapsed cases can be therapeutically targeted by hypomethylating agents.
Possibility of Lymphatic Absorption of Epidermal Growth Factor from Intestine (1993)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) emulsion enhanced the absorption of this factor from the intestine, especially to the intestinal lymph. Most of the radioactive EGF administered was degraded to small molecular weight materials. These degraded materials were absorbed and appeared in both the intestinal lymph and portal vein blood. However, a certain portion of EGF, although small, appeared in the lymph maintaining the original molecular mass. The MFGM emulsion used enhanced the lymphatic absorption of intact EGF, suggesting that this dosage form increased the absorption of EGF, protected the degradation of EGF in the intestine or promoted the absorption of intact EGF. The enhancing effect on the absorbed dose percentage of EGF recovered using MFGM emulsion was also observed in the portal vein plasma. However, the effect on the absorption of intact EGF was much larger in the lymph than in the portal vein.
Using a distributed snapshot algorithm in wireless sensor networks (2004)

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have particular characteristics that do not allow to apply traditional distributed algorithms directly to them. In this work we adapt the algorithms Distributed Snapshot, Broadcast and Propagation of Information with Feedback (PIF) to WSNs and apply them to generate the Energy Map of a WSN. This map shows the behavior of such a network and can be used to predict its behavior. We simulate the algorithms proposed and show their number of messages, energy spent and execution time.
Phase I/II study to assess safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of the oral MEK 1/2 inhibitor GSK1120212 (GSK212) dosed in combination with the oral BRAF inhibitor GSK2118436 (GSK436). (2011)

CRA8503 Background: In preclinical models, the BRAF/MEK inhibitor (i) combination GSK436/GSK212 has demonstrated enhanced activity against BRAF-mutant cancer cells compared to either drug alone, delayed emergence of GSK436 resistance, and prevented proliferative skin lesions attributable to BRAFi exposure. Methods: Eligible patients (pts) had BRAF V600 mutation positive solid tumors. Part 1: pharmacokinetic (PK) drug-drug interaction (DDI) study. Part 2: Dose escalation of continuous daily dosing of the combination followed by expansion cohorts; Part 3: Randomized phase II trial in untreated stage IV melanoma. Results: 45 pts have received ≥ 1 dose of GSK212 + GSK436, including 43 melanoma (all BRAFi naïve), 1 NSCLC and 1 salivary duct carcinoma. PK results of 7 pts in Part 1 showed no effect of GSK212 on single dose of GSK436. There was no clinically meaningful DDI between GSK436 and GSK212 after repeat dosing of the combination (Part 2). GSK436 was dosed 75-150 mg BID in combination with GSK212 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg QD. The recommended dose was 2 mg QD GSK212 in combination with 150 mg BID GSK436. At 1.5 mg GSK212, there was one DLT, a recurrent grade (G) 2 neutrophilic panniculitis. The only G4 adverse event (AE) was a sepsis-like syndrome with fever/hypotension. G3 AEs included generalized rash (n=2, 4%) and neutropenia (n=2, 4%). Skin toxicity ≥ G2 occurred in 9 (20%) pts; of these, G2 rash (n=4, 8%) and G2 macular rash (n=1, 2%). No cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or hyperproliferative skin lesions have occurred at any dose level. Other common G2 toxicities were pyrexia (n=5, 11%), vomiting (n=2, 4%) and fatigue (n=2, 4%). Of 16 evaluable pts in Part 2, 13 pts had PR and 3 SD for an ORR of 81% (95% CI 54.4%-96.0%) and all but 2 pts remain on study. In 10 evaluable pts who received 150 mg BID GSK436 + ≥1 mg QD GSK212, 9 pts had PR and 1 SD. Conclusions: GSK212 at 2 mg QD combines safely with GSK436 150 mg BID, no SCC thus far and decreased frequency of rash compared to previous trials of single agent GSK436 and GSK212, respectively. The preliminary anti-tumor activity warrants further investigation; the randomized phase II trial (Part 3) is accruing.
Cinema Projection Distortion (2000)

This paper addresses projected image distortion in a cinema setting. Several types of distortion are defined and examples are presented to show that the degree of distortion in the image can be calculated based on theater geometry as well as film format and projector lens specifications. This paper concentrates on inherent distortion values that typically affect the overall shape of the picture area and the relative shapes of all subjects being viewed, as well as the audience's perception of imaged picture quality. Since distortion changes only the shapes of objects in the picture and not how well the viewer can see them, there is little basis for objectively derived design limits. Further, when viewing a real scene that does not contain a perfect rectilinear test grid, the eye accommodates small amounts of distortion, which is therefore not perceived. However, moderate to severe amounts of distortion, and particularly distortion in memory objects such as curved horizons and leaning or curved flagpoles, is disturbing to viewers.
Facile Modulation of Optical Properties of Diketonate-Containing Polymers by Regulating Complexation Ratios with Boron (2013)

We present the facile modulation of the optical properties of the conjugated polymers via polymer reactions. The polymers composed of diketonate and fluorene were prepared, and boron complexation was performed after polymer synthesis. By changing feed ratios of BF3·Et2O, which is a reagent to produce a boron diketonate complex, the series of polymers with various complexation ratios with boron at the diketonate unit can be obtained. These synthesized polymers showed diverse optical properties. In the solution states, the quantum yields of emission were greatly changed by the complexation ratios with boron. Accordingly, the polymers with complexation ratio of 21% present the largest intensity. In addition, the emission color can be tuned by changing the complexation ratios in the films. From blue to orange, the emissions were achieved. It was revealed that induced charge transfer between fluorene and boron diketonate should be the main path for the emission of the synthesized polymers.
Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Permeable AMPARs Mediate Glutamatergic Transmission and Excitotoxic Damage at the Hair Cell Ribbon Synapse (2017)

We report functional and structural evidence for GluA2-lacking Ca<sup>2+</sup>-permeable AMPARs (CP-AMPARs) at the mature hair cell ribbon synapse. By using the methodological advantages of three species (of either sex), we demonstrate that CP-AMPARs are present at the hair cell synapse in an evolutionarily conserved manner. Via a combination of <i>in vivo</i> electrophysiological and Ca<sup>2+</sup> imaging approaches in the larval zebrafish, we show that hair cell stimulation leads to robust Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx into afferent terminals. Prolonged application of AMPA caused loss of afferent terminal responsiveness, whereas blocking CP-AMPARs protects terminals from excitotoxic swelling. Immunohistochemical analysis of AMPAR subunits in mature rat cochlea show regions within synapses lacking the GluA2 subunit. Paired recordings from adult bullfrog auditory synapses demonstrate that CP-AMPARs mediate a major component of glutamatergic transmission. Together, our results support the importance of CP-AMPARs in mediating transmission at the hair cell ribbon synapse. Further, excess Ca<sup>2+</sup> entry via CP-AMPARs may underlie afferent terminal damage following excitotoxic challenge, suggesting that limiting Ca<sup>2+</sup> levels in the afferent terminal may protect against cochlear synaptopathy associated with hearing loss.<b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> A single incidence of noise overexposure causes damage at the hair cell synapse that later leads to neurodegeneration and exacerbates age-related hearing loss. A first step toward understanding cochlear neurodegeneration is to identify the cause of initial excitotoxic damage to the postsynaptic neuron. Using a combination of immunohistochemical, electrophysiological, and Ca<sup>2+</sup> imaging approaches in evolutionarily divergent species, we demonstrate that Ca<sup>2+</sup>-permeable AMPARs (CP-AMPARs) mediate glutamatergic transmission at the adult auditory hair cell synapse. Overexcitation of the terminal causes Ca<sup>2+</sup> accumulation and swelling that can be prevented by blocking CP-AMPARs. We demonstrate that CP-AMPARs mediate transmission at this first-order sensory synapse and that limiting Ca<sup>2+</sup> accumulation in the terminal may protect against hearing loss.
Synthesis of Both the Enantiomers of Phoracantholide I, A Defensive Secretion of the Eucarypt Longicorn (<i>Phoracantha synonyma</i>), Employing Microbial Asymmetric Reduction with Immobilized Baker’s Yeast (1989)

Abstract Highly optically pure (R)- and (S)-phoracantholide I were synthesized in relatively short steps starting from diethyl 3-oxoglutarate by means of a microbial asymmetric reduction of the intermediate keto acid with immobilized baker’s yeast entrapped in gels of κ-carrageenan.
Association Between Short Physical Performance Battery and Falls in Older People: The Progetto Veneto Anziani Study (2014)

It is known that weakness in the lower limbs is associated with recurrent falls in old people. Among the tests routinely used to assess lower extremity strength, the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is one of those used most often, but its relationship with recurrent falls is poorly investigated. We aimed to determine if SPPB scores are related to recurrent falling in a sample of 2710 older-aged people, and to ascertain which test in the SPPB is most strongly associated with a higher rate of falls. In this cross-sectional study, we demonstrated that participants scoring 0-6 in the SPPB were more likely to be recurrent fallers than those scoring 10-12 (odds ratio [OR]=3.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.04-5.88 in women; OR=3.82, 95% CI 1.77- 8.52, in men). SPPB scores of 7-9 were only associated with women being more likely to be recurrent fallers (OR=2.03, 95% CI 1.28-3.22). When the SPPB items were analyzed separately, even a lower score in gait speed for women was significantly associated with the presence of recurrent falls (OR=2.11; 95% CI 1.04-4.30), whereas in men only a significant increase in the time taken to complete the five timed chair stands test was associated with a higher rate of falls (OR=2.75; 95% CI 1.21-6.23). In conclusion, our study demonstrated that SPPB scores ≤6 are associated with a higher fall rate in old people of both genders; in females, even an SPPB score between 7 and 9 identifies subjects at a higher likelihood of being recurrent fallers. Among the single items of the SPPB, the most strongly associated with falls were gait speed in women and the five timed chair stands test in men.
Hydride transfer and oxyanion addition equilibria of NAD+ analogs (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydride transfer and oxyanion addition equilibria of NAD+ analogsDrazen Ostovic, In Sook Han Lee, Roger M. G. Roberts, and Maurice M. KreevoyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 22, 4206–4211Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00222a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00222a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views671Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Scaffold/Extracellular Matrix Hybrid Constructs for Bone‐Tissue Engineering (2012)

The limited natural ability of the body to fully repair large bone defects often necessitates the implantation of a replacement material to promote healing. While the current clinical strategies to address such bone defects generally carry associated limitations, bone-tissue engineering approaches seek to minimize any adverse effects and facilitate complete regeneration of the lost tissue. Of particular interest are hybrid constructs that incorporate multiple components found within the native bone matrix to enhance the osteogenicity of biocompatible materials, which might otherwise be non-osteogenic. This Progress Report will focus on such hybrid constructs that incorporate multiple components from native bone matrix for bone-tissue engineering and will highlight the synthesis and characterization of the hybrid constructs, cellular attachment and proliferation within the constructs, in vitro osteogenicity of the constructs, and the biological response to in vivo implantation of the constructs at ectopic and orthotopic sites.
Joint Source and Relay Precoding Design for One-Way Full-Duplex MIMO Relaying Systems. (2013)

In this paper we address the sum rate maximization problem for a one-way amplify-and-forward relaying system with a full-duplex relay. This optimization problem which requires the joint source and relay precoding design is in general non- convex. We propose different convex optimization based sub- optimal schemes for different system settings. Moreover, we derive a gradient projection based algorithm which can be used as a benchmark. Simulation results show that a significant gain can be obtained over a half-duplex relaying system by using the proposed methods. Index Terms—full-duplex, MIMO, one-way relaying, semidef- inite programming, gradient projection.