gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An improved dynamic clustering algorithm for multi-user distributed antenna system (2009)

The multi-user distributed antenna system (MUDAS) is considered as a promising technology in the future wireless communication. Compared to the multi-user centralized antenna system (CAS), MU-DAS can improve the spectral efficiency significantly. One most attractive feature is that the implementation of the MU-DAS can be reduced by using the clustering approach of the remote antenna units (RAUs). However, the cluster algorithm of DAS has been only partially investigated. In this paper, a novel dynamic clustering algorithm for MU-DAS is presented. The objective of this algorithm is to maximize the total system capacity by using the full channel state information (CSI) or partial CSI. Simulation results show that our approach yields significant capacity gains when compared with some proposed clustering algorithms, and also the implementation complexity of the proposed algorithm remains very low.
Relationship between protein synthesis and concentrations of charged and uncharged tRNATrp in Escherichia coli. (1990)

We have continuously monitored Trp-tRNA(Trp) concentrations in vivo and, in the same cultures, measured rates of protein synthesis in isogenic stringent and relaxed strains. We have also manipulated cellular charged and uncharged [tRNA(Trp)] by two means: (i) the strain used contains a Trp-tRNA synthetase mutation that increases the Km for Trp; thus, varying exogenous Trp varies cellular Trp-tRNA(Trp); and (ii) we have introduced into the mutant strain a plasmid containing the tRNA(Trp) gene behind an inducible promoter; thus, total [tRNA(Trp)] also can be varied depending on length of induction. The use of these conditions, combined with a previously characterized assay system, has allowed us to demonstrate that (i) the rate of incorporation of Trp into protein is proportional to the fraction of tRNA(Trp) that is charged; for any given total [tRNA(Trp)], this rate is also proportional to the [Trp-tRNA(Trp)]; (ii) uncharged tRNA(Trp) inhibits incorporation of Trp into protein; and (iii) rates of incorporation into protein of at least two other amino acids, Lys and Cys, are also sensitive to [Trp-tRNA(Trp)] and are inhibited by uncharged tRNA(Trp). Our results are consistent with models of translational control that postulate modulating polypeptide chain elongation efficiency by varying concentrations of specific tRNAs.
ChemInform Abstract: 18‐NORANDROSTA‐8,11,13‐TRIENES PART 4, 7‐HYDROXY‐DERIVATIVES (1975)

Abstract Dehydrierung der Norandrostene (I) mit SeO 2 liefert in einer Stufe die entsprechenden Hydroxynorandrostatriene (IIa).
Reverse time adjoint migration (2019)

From a mathematical perspective, it is desirable to apply the adjoint operator for back propagating the receiver wavefield for migration of data residuals for inversion. For frequency-domain direct solvers, it is straightforward to apply the adjoint operator, whereas in most real applications of time-domain finite-difference (TDFD) stencils, the forward-propagation kernel function is reused for backward propagation for simplicity. However, when applying the exact adjoint operator, the migration result will be different, especially when strong variations exist in the velocity model. Actually, these three operators (forward, backward, and adjoint of the forward) can be expressed in matrix forms under the Born approximation for acoustic wave equations. These expressions linearly relate model perturbations to recorded seismic data. Every element in the matrices is well-defined, and all involved operations, such as the imaging condition and wavefield sampling, are included in the closed-form matrix expressions. These matrix expressions provide a platform for analyzing seismic modeling and inversion via mature linear algebra methodologies and provide clear strategies for developing computer algorithms. By analyzing the similarity of the matrix expressions, one can find that the time stepping approaches for all three operators are essentially the same. Based on this observation, a new time-marching stencil can be designed to realize the TDFD adjoint operator. Compared with traditional reverse time migration, the new method using the adjoint operator can provide better image quality, especially at sharp velocity boundaries.
A Facile Access to 3-Formyl-3-cephems Through Oxygen or Air Oxidation of 3-lodomethyl-3-cephems (1990)

3-Formyl-3-cephems 3 were prepared by direct oxidation of 3-iodomethyl-3-cephems 2 in N,N-dimethyl-formamide in the presence of rhodium(III) chloride trihydrate/aluminum, vanadyl acetylacetonate, or vanadyl sulfate under an oxygen or an air atmosphere.
A Comparison of Two Doses of Aspirin (30 mg vs. 283 mg a Day) in Patients after a Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Ischemic Stroke (1991)

Our data indicate that 30 mg of aspirin daily is no less effective in the prevention of vascular events than a 283-mg dose in patients with a transient ischemic attack or minor stroke, and has fewer adverse effects.
HDAC inhibition promotes cardiogenesis and the survival of embryonic stem cells through proteasome‐dependent pathway (2011)

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition plays a crucial role in mediating cardiogenesis and myocardial protection, whereas HDAC degradation has recently attracted attention in mediating the biological function of HDACs. However, it remains unknown whether HDAC inhibition modulates cardiogenesis and embryonic stem cell (ESC) survival through the proteasome pathway. Using the well-established mouse ESC culture, we demonstrated that HDAC inhibitors, both trichostatin A (TSA,50 nmol/L) and sodium butyrate (NaB, 200 µmol/L) that causes the pronounced reduction of HDAC4 activity, decreased cell death and increased viability of ESCs in response to oxidant stress. HDAC inhibition reduced the cleaved caspases 3, 6, 9, PARP, and TUNEL positive ESCs, which were abrogated with MG132 (0.5 µmol/L), a specific proteasome inhibitor. Furthermore, HDAC inhibition stimulates the growth of embryoid bodies (EB), which are associated with a faster spontaneous rhythmic contraction. HDAC inhibition increases the up-regulation of GATA4, MEF2C, Nkx2.5, cardiac actin, and α-SMA mRNA and protein levels that were abrogated by MG132. TSA and NaB resulted in a significant increase in cardiac lineage commitments that were blocked by the proteasome inhibition. Notably, HDAC inhibitors led to noticeable HDAC4 degradation, which was effectively prevented by MG132. Luciferase assay demonstrates an activation of MEF2 cardiac transcriptional factor by HDAC inhibition, which was repressed by MG132, revealing that the degradation of HDAC4 allows for the activation of MEF2. Taken together, our study is the first to demonstrate that HDAC inhibition through proteasome pathway forms a novel signaling to determine the cardiac lineage commitment and elicits the survival pathway.
The COOH-terminal Src kinase Csk is a tumor antigen in human carcinoma. (2001)

The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase cSrc is involved in the regulation of many important cellular functions including cell growth and transformation, and its activity is down-regulated by phosphorylation of the Tyr530 residue by the COOH-terminal Src tyrosine kinase, Csk. Because cSrc was previously found overexpressed, activated, and in some cases mutated in carcinoma, we investigated whether it could act as a tumor antigen. We show that whereas no autoantibodies were found against cSrc or its relative Fyn, up to 20% of patients with carcinoma had high-affinity autoantibodies against Csk. Immunity mainly resulted from a secondary response, as indicated by the presence of IgG1 in the sera. Antibodies were linked to the cancer because they were not detected in healthy subjects nor in patients with unrelated diseases, and their levels decreased in the sera of patients after surgical resection. Furthermore, they behaved as early markers of epithelial transformation because they were present in sera of patients with early-stage tumors and precancerous lesions such as colorectal polyps and in sera of patients that were scored negative for other cancer serological markers (CEA, CA15-3, CA19-9, p53 antibodies). Finally the presence of these antibodies was attributed, at least in part, to a substantial elevation of Csk protein levels in the corresponding tumors. However a strong increase in Src activity was also observed in these tissues, which suggested that Csk cannot regulate Src-like activity in carcinoma. Taken together, these data demonstrate that Csk acts as an autoantigen, and the detection of anti-Csk antibodies may have potential diagnostic usefulness in the early detection and postoperative follow-up of patients with carcinoma.
Evaluation of a hybrid approach of personalized web information retrieval using the FIRE data set (2010)

This paper presents a hybrid personalized Web Information Retrieval approach using ontology, user profile and collaborative filtering for getting recommendation of similar users, and evaluates in on the FIRE 2010 English language data set. Empirical analysis reveals that Precision, Recall and F-Score of most of the queries for many users are improved with using the presented method with a search engine.
Temporal Changes in Motility Parameters Related to Acrosomal Status: Identification and Characterization of Populations of Hyperactivated Human Sperm (1988)

The occurence and time course of capacitation, acrosomal loss, and hyperactivated motility require quantitative definition in order to characterize fertile human sperm. In this study, video microscopy and digital image analysis were used to measure curvilinear (VCL) and straight line (VSL) velocity, average linearity of progression (LIN [100 x VSL/VCL]), maximum and mean amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH), beat-cross-frequency (BCF), DANCE (VCL x meanALH) and DANCEMEAN (meanALH/(LIN/100]. These parameters were measured for sperm in semen and in the swim-up fraction of washed cells during incubation for up to 24 h under in vitro fertilization (IVF) conditions. Acrosomal loss was monitored in the same population of washed cells by an immunofluorescence end-point assay. The greatest increase in mean values of motility parameters was observed when seminal sperm were washed free of seminal plasma. Increases continued for up to 6 h of incubation. Two subpopulations of hyperactivated sperm were identified; one type, not found in semen, showed star-spin trajectories, and constituted 3.0, 3.8, 4.5, and 4.1% of the swim-up population after 0, 3, 6 and 24 h of incubation. The second type, termed transitional showed a more progressive trajectory and constituted less than 1% in semen. In total, hyperactivated cells constituted 0.8% of cells in semen, 14.5% of the swim-up population with no incubation, and 23.1, 22.7, and 19.4% after 3, 6, and 24 h of incubation, respectively. Acrosomal loss in the swim-up population was delayed during the first 3 h of incubation, then increased from near 5% at 3 h to 7 and 12% at 6 and 24 h, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
I-Suit Advanced Spacesuit Design Improvements and Performance Testing (2003)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The I-Suit has been tested in varying environments at Johnson Space Center (JSC). This includes laboratory mobility testing, KC-135 partial gravity flights, and remote field testing in the Mojave Desert. The experience gained from this testing has provided insight for design improvements. These improvements have been an evolutionary process since 1998 to the present. The design improvements affect existing suit components and introduce new components for systems processing and human/robotic interface. Examples of these design improvements include improved mobility joints, a new helmet with integrated communications and displays capability, and integration of textile switches for control of suit functions and tele-robotic operations.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper addresses an overview of I-Suit design improvements and results of manned and unmanned performance tests. The performance tests include mobility joint testing, helmet visibility testing, and system level manned testing of the improved suit components.</div>
Effects of Cd<sup>2+</sup> and EDTA on young sugar beets (<i>Beta vulgaris</i>). I. Cd<sup>2+</sup> uptake and sugar accumulation (1986)

Sugar beets ( Beta vulgaris L. cv. Monohill) grown in a complete nutrient solution, were treated with Cd 2+ (5 or 50 μ M ) and/or EDTA (10 or 100 μ M ) in different combinations. The Cd contents of five‐week‐old roots and shoots were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and the sucrose, glucose and fructose contents were measured enzymatically. The Cd 2+ uptake in both roots and shoots shows a linear relationship to the concentration of free Cd 2+ in the nutrient solution. This uptake is diminished in the presence of EDTA, suggesting that the Cd‐EDTA complex is unable to penetrate the membranes. The contents of glucose, fructose and sucrose in both roots and shoots decrease with increasing uptake of free Cd 2+ . This may be a secondary effect caused by the inhibition of photosynthesis in the presence of Cd 2+ . EDTA reduces the inhibition of Cd 2+ on sugar formation and accumulation. In the presence of EDTA alone the sugar content increases somewhat. EDTA slightly influences the dry weights of whole plants. The ratio roots:whole plants increases. Cd 2+ (≤ 50 μ M ) increases the dry matter portion of roots by ca 30%, but not that of shoots.
Reaction of Allylbenzene with <i>n</i>-Butyllithium in Tetrahydrofuran (1968)

Abstract The reaction products between allylbenzene and n-butyllithium in tetrahydrofuran at 60°C were fractionated and investigated by elementary analysis, a molecular-weight determination, and a study of the IR, UV, and NMR spectra. The products were hydrocarbons and alcohols, the latter of which were formed by the reaction of the carbanions with tetrahydrofuran. The main products were 3-phenylheptene-2,5-methyl-6-phenyldecane, 5-phenyl-5-heptene-1-ol, 5-phenyl-5-vinylnonane-1-ol, and 5-phenyl-5-vinylnonane-1,9-diol. 3-Phenylheptene-1 was not obtained. In the resonance structures of allyl anions, a and b, Ph-\barCR–CH=CH2 (a) ↔ Ph–CR=CH–CH2− (b), the reaction with tetrahydrofuran took place only in the form a. The observed results are correlated with those of the anionic polymerization of trans-β-methylstyrene reported previously.
Isolation and characterization of single‐chain Fv genes encoding antibodies specific for <i>Drosophila Poxn</i> protein (1998)

The usefulness of intrabodies as specific inhibitors of gene function has been extensively demonstrated in cell culture assays. However, very few experiments have been conducted with intrabodies expressed in whole organisms. To evaluate the intrabody technology in Drosophila, we focused on poxn protein, since its effects can be easily studied. We purified the recombinant poxn protein. We next isolated three single-chain variable fragments (scFv) which specifically recognize poxn protein. Two scFvs, designated alpha-Poxn2 and alpha-Poxn4, react with both denatured and native Poxn with half maximal inhibition values of 100 nM and 40 nM, respectively. The alpha-Poxn5 scFv also recognizes denatured Poxn but either does not recognize native Poxn or its half maximal inhibition value for native Poxn is high.
Conserved motifs in Fos and Jun define a new class of activation domain. (1992)

Fos and Jun form a tight heterodimeric complex that activates transcription by AP1 sites. We have recognized that two adjacent regions of the Jun A1 activation domain are conserved in the Fos protein, and we refer to these two homologous regions as homology box 1 (HOB1) and homology box 2 (HOB2). Using GAL4 chimeras, we show that the HOB1/HOB2 region of Fos and Jun is an independent activation domain in which HOB1 and HOB2 act cooperatively to activate transcription. This cooperativity is retained after the replacement of Fos HOB1 or HOB2 with the equivalent domain of Jun or when duplicated HOB1/HOB1 and HOB2/HOB2 combinations are generated. In the Fos protein, HOB1 or HOB2 can also cooperate with a distinct domain at the carboxyl terminus of the protein. Using the HOB2 consensus sequence as a guide, we identified a HOB2-containing activation domain in the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) protein. This HOB2 motif can cooperate with as yet undefined sequences in C/EBP and will function even when linked to Jun HOB1. Thus, HOB1 and HOB2 represent inert "cooperating modules" that are combined to generate a functional activation domain. Each of these modules has the potential to cooperate with both distinct and identical domains. The presence of HOB-like modules in three different transcription factors indicates that the HOB motifs characterize a new class of activation domain. These motifs can be used now to identify other transcription factors with such modular characteristics.
A luminescent metal–organic framework for highly selective sensing of nitrobenzene and aniline (2016)

A luminescent metal–organic framework<bold>gea-MOF-1</bold>, can act as a fluorescent sensor for sensitive and selective detection of nitrobenzene and aniline. More importantly, the detection limit of nitrobenzene is on the 5–60 ppm scale.
Effects of annealing in Hg vapor on the properties of rf-sputtered thin films of (Hg1−<i>x</i>Cd<i>x</i>)Te (1981)

(Hg1−xCdx)Te films were prepared by rf triode-sputtering in a 1 to 2 μm Hg atmosphere on high resistivity Si and CdTe substrates with (111) surface orientation. Sputtering targets made by cold-pressing homogenized mixtures of HgTe and CdTe powders were used to obtain films with compositional parameters of x = 0.18, 0.23, and 0.25. Films deposited with 1.2–2 μm Hg on substrates at either 250° or 300°C were usually n-type with electron mobilities up to 1.4×103 cm2/V-s and carrier concentrations between 5.0×1015 and 1.2×1018cm−3 at −183°C. Mobility values at 25°C were 10% to 50% lower and carrier concentrations were in the 1–100×1016cm−3 range. The films were polycrystalline with 100% (111) orientation. Films on Si substrates were annealed in quartz ampoules in a two-zone furnace at 350°C under a Hg pressure of 17 mm. With these unoptimized annealing parameters, the mobilities at 25° and −188°C were significantly increased. The best result was an increase from 1.0×103 to 8.5×103 at 25°C and from 1.4×103 to 24×103 at −188°C with the carrier concentration decreasing from 4.0×1017 to 5.4×1016cm−3 at −188°C. Peeling caused by thermal stress was encountered and minimized by using small area films and raising the temperature slowly to the maximum annealing value.
Release of tissue‐type plasminogen activator is induced in rats by leukotrienes C<sub>4</sub> and D<sub>4</sub>, but not by prostaglandins E<sub>1</sub>, E<sub>2</sub> and I<sub>2</sub> (1988)

1. Acute release of plasminogen activator (PA) was studied in rat isolated hindleg system perfused with Tyrode solution. 2. Leukotriene C4 (LTC4) and LTD4 dose-dependently induced the release of PA, which plateaued at 160 nmol l-1 and 200 nmol l-1, respectively. The amount of PA released was about 1 iu ml-1. The effects of LTC4 and LTD4 were not additive. 3. The PA released was identified as tissue-type PA (t-PA) by quenching experiments using anti-human t-PA IgG, by fibrin autography, and by the dependence of its activity on the presence of soluble fibrin. 4. LTE4 (300 and 450 nmol l-1) and 5-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (600 nmol l-1) did not induce any t-PA release in the perfusion system used. 5. Release of t-PA induced by LTC4 and LTD4 was inhibited by the leukotriene-receptor antagonist FPL 55712 (10 mumol l-1), whereas FPL 55712 did not inhibit t-PA release induced by platelet-activating factor (Paf-acether). 6. In vivo LTC4 and LTD4 (2 micrograms kg-1 i.v.) also induced an acute increase of t-PA activity in rat blood as evidenced by decreased blood clot lysis times. 7. Prostaglandin E1 and E2, prostacyclin and the stable prostacyclin analogue ZK 36374 at concentrations of 0.1-3.0 mumol l-1 induced little or no t-PA release.
Morphological and local mechanical surface characterization of ballistic fibers via AFM (2014)

ABSTRACT As‐received morphologies, defect structures, and contact moduli of Kevlar KM2 Plus and three other ballistic fibers varying in chemistry and processing, were observed and compared using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and instrumented nanoindentation (NI) techniques. Surface features and defects were defined and measured for each fiber chemistry: p ‐phenylene terephthalamides (PPTA including KM2 Plus and Twaron), co‐polymer aramid (AuTx), and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE including Dyneema). Although a multitude of surface defects were observed in each fiber, the types of defects were similar from one fiber type to another. It was found that surface defects generally map to a more compliant local modulus value. Contact modulus values were compared with NI elastic modulus values to demonstrate validity for the AFM technique. Challenges and limitations of the AFM technique for cataloging defects are discussed. This study is the first which attempts to outline the various morphologies found on several fiber surfaces. These local property studies will enable future comparisons with single filament and bulk fiber properties. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131 , 40880.
A Novel TSI application Based on TPEG using T-DMB (2007)

The demand of travel and traffic information (TTI) service has dramatically increased due to rapid increment in the number of vehicles and population of frequently traveling on long weekends. In order to satisfying such a demand, a transport protocol experts group (TPEG) protocol was developed. However, merely two TPEG applications were standardized up to now. This paper presents a novel application, traffic status image information (TSI) application compatible to the existing TPEG protocol, which can be provided in T-DMB network. To verify the stability of TSI protocol, we implemented TSI data server/client, and T-DMB receiver with TSI decoder. Through an experimental broadcasting in the local DMB network, it is shown that the proposed application operates stably and effectively in the verification receiver.
A 25.6 dBm wireless transmitter using RF-PWM with carrier switching in 130-nm CMOS (2015)

A wireless transmitter using RF pulse-width-modulation (PWM) with carrier switching is introduced. The proposed approach overcomes the dynamic range limitation of PWM at radio frequencies by utilizing carrier switching between fundamental and half-fundamental frequencies, depending on the signal level to be transmitted. This allows for transmission of signals with large peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) such as OFDM. The efficiency is also improved in the power back-off region due to reduced switching losses in the half-fundamental mode. The transmitter has been implemented in a 130-nm CMOS process. The measured peak output power and power-added-efficiency (PAE) are 25.6 dBm and 34%, respectively. While driving 802.11g 64-QAM OFDM signals, the average output power is 18.3 dBm and the PAE is 16% with an EVM of -25.5 dB.
Transcoding GIF images to JPEG-LS (1997)

We investigate transcoding of GIF images to JPEG-LS, the new lossless image compression standard. A straight forward conversion can lead to file sizes that are significantly larger than the size of the corresponding GIF file. We show that suitable reordering of the color table leads to file sizes significantly smaller than those required by the GIF format.