gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemorheology of an epoxy resin system under isothermal curing (1990)

Abstract The chemorheological properties of a commercial Hercules 3501‐6 resin system were studied under isothermal curing conditions between 375 and 435 K. For cure temperatures ≥ 385 K, the storage modulus curing curves, G′(t) , exhibited abrupt changes in slope which occurred at various times depending on the curing temperatures. These slope changes were attributed to the onset of gelation. Crossover points between G′(t) and G″(t) curves were observed for curing temperatures ≥ 400 K. The gelation and the crossover points obtained from the chemorheological measurements, therefore, defined two characteristic resin states during cure. Although gelation theory did not predict them correctly, the degree of cure in each of these states was approximately the same for every cure temperature. The temperature dependency of the viscosities in the characteristic resin states, and the rate constants of increase in moduli at different stages of curing were analyzed. Various G′(t) and G″(t) isothermal curing curves were also shown to be capable of being superimposed to one another by the principle of time‐temperature superposition. The resultant shift factors a t (T) and a η (T) were shown to follow Arrhenius type relationships. Values of the activation energy suggested that the reaction kinetics, instead of the diffusion mechanism, was the limiting step in the overall resin advancement for cure at temperatures ≥ 385 K.
American Board of Vascular Surgery: The First 7 Years (2004)

The American Board of Vascular Surgery (ABVS) was incorporated in 1996 with a vision of improved training standards and certification of vascular surgeons. At that time, 91% of those holding American Board of Surgery Certificates of Added Qualifications in Vascular Surgery supported the formation of the ABVS. Subsequent events have led to a clear definition of specific educational issues important to the vascular surgery community. Unresolved issues relate to the need to complete a general surgery residency before beginning a vascular surgery fellowship, the continued inclusion of vascular surgery as a primary component of general surgery training, and the absence of a designated Residency Review Committee for Vascular Surgery. These issues have persisted since the inception of the ABVS. An application for the ABVS to become an American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) primary board was submitted in 2002 with a preliminary hearing before a liaison committee composed of American Medical Association and ABMS members. The American Board of Surgery (ABS) and a minority of the vascular surgery community vigorously opposed the application. The perceived divisiveness created by their actions contributed to the application's initial rejection and the necessity for an appeal. Certain ABS directors have recently stated that they would consider approving multiple track-type training that could allow single certification in vascular surgery, following 5 to 6 years of postgraduate training after medical school. The ABVS cautiously supports this action, recognizing that this radical change for the ABS may not be feasible given the broad-ranging interests of general surgery and restrictive ABMS guidelines for certifying medical specialists. The impact of not resolving the critical issues facing vascular surgery in a timely manner is that there will be inadequate numbers of competent vascular surgeons to provide for society's needs. An independent ABMS-approved ABVS provides a clear opportunity to resolve the recognized failings of the status quo.
Decoder picture buffer reduction based effective reference frame selection algorithm for multiview video coding (2011)

To achieve compression efficiency for multi-view video coding (MVC), Joint Video Team (JVT) uses the hierarchical B picture (HBP) coding structure which based on MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 codec. The HBP structure develops a new compression tool inter-view prediction to reduce residual of the data in motion estimation. However, the exhaustive search for inter-view and temporal prediction coding by all reference frames will cause the encoder to take high computational time and large decoded picture buffer size. To solve above problems, this paper proposes an effective reference frame selection algorithm for motion estimation in MVC prediction coding. The proposed algorithm uses the relationship of between the motion degrees and its prediction direction to select the prediction reference frame in inter-view or temporal domain. The proposed architecture can save the buffer requirement in decoder, because of the decoded buffer only stores the MBs in the referenced region. The experimental results show that the encoding time for the main-view and the auxiliary-view are saved up to 33.56%, and 51.24%, respectively. The decoded picture buffer reduces to 47%. The proposed method not only achieves the low computational complexity but also reduces the decoded buffer size while maintain high quality.
II. Adrenal Cortex and Steroid 21-Hydroxylase Autoantibodies in Children with Organ-Specific Autoimmune Diseases: Markers of High Progression to Clinical Addison’s Disease (1997)

Adrenal cortex autoantibodies (ACA) were measured by immunofluorescence in 808 children with organ-specific autoimmune diseases without adrenal insufficiency. ACA were found in 14 children (1.7%), mostly in hypoparathyroidism (48%). Ten ACA-positive and 12 ACA-negative children were followed up for a maximum of 10 yr by evaluation of adrenocortical function (ACTH test) and autoantibody status. In all patients steroid-producing cell autoantibodies were assessed by immunofluorescence and autoantibodies to steroid 21-hydroxylase, 17 alpha-hydroxylase, and cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme by immunoprecipitation assay. All 10 ACA-positive patients were positive for 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies. Six were positive for steroid-producing cell autoantibodies and 5 also for autoantibodies to 17 alpha-hydroxylase and/or P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme. Overt Addison's disease developed in 9 (90%) ACA/21-OH-antibody-positive children after 3-121 months, and 1 remaining child had subclinical hypoadrenalism. By contrast, all ACA/21-OH antibody-negative children maintained normal adrenal function. Adrenal failure was not related to ACA titres, sex, adrenal function, type of preexisting autoimmune disorder, or human leucocyte antigens D-related status. In conclusion, in children with autoimmune endocrine diseases, ACA/21-hydroxylase autoantibodies are important predictive markers for the development of Addison's disease.
Parameters and volt-ampere ratings of a synchronous motor drive for flux-weakening applications (1997)

This paper deals with the selection of the motor parameters and the inverter power ratings for a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor drive in order to meet a given flux-weakening torque versus speed characteristic. Appropriate combinations of stator PM flux linkage, d- and q-axis inductances, and inverter current rating at a given voltage are derived, in normalized values, as functions of the specified flux-weakening speed range and torque limits. By means of these sets of data, the drive designer can easily individuate and compare all the suitable synchronous motors (defined by the d- and q-axis inductances and flux linkage) and the related inverter volt-ampere ratings, for the desired flux-weakening performance. Therefore, this paper can be considered a synthesis work rather than an analysis one and can profitably be used for an optimal design of a synchronous motor drive.
High performance RF-filters suitable for above IC integration: film bulk-acoustic- resonators (FBAR) on silicon (2004)

The fundamentals of bulk-acoustic-wave (BAW) devices and the performance of state-of-the-art film bulk-acoustic-resonator (FBAR) filters is reviewed. The key role that high performance RF-filters play in handset applications is discussed and the benefit of silicon technologies outlined. Key processes in manufacturing of FBARs are briefly reviewed. The appealing simplicity of filter modeling and design is presented. Monolithic integration of "system-on-chip" together with RF-ICs is technically feasible and has been demonstrated. Conditions under which this will commercially make sense as compared to hybrid integration "system-in-package" is discussed. Examples of state-of-the-art in BAW filters in production and ramp-up status are presented.
Automatic synchronization of electronic and audio books via TTS alignment and silence filtering (2011)

The e-book industry is starting to flourish due, in part, to the availability of affordable and user-friendly e-book readers. As users are increasingly moving from traditional paper books to e-books, there is an opportunity to reinvent and enhance their reading experience, for example, by leveraging the multimedia capabilities of these devices in order to turn the act of reading into a real multimedia experience. In this paper, we focus on the augmentation of the written text with its associated audiobook, so that users can listen to the book they are (currently) reading. We propose an audiobook-to-ebook alignment system by applying a Text-to-Speech(TTS)-based text to audio alignment algorithm, and enhance it with a silence filtering algorithm to cope with the difference on reading style between the TTS output and the speakers in the ebook environment. Experiments done using 12 five-minute excerpts of 6 different audio-books (read by men and women) yield usable word alignment errors below 120ms for 90% of the words. Finally, we also show a user interface implementation in the Ipad for synchronized e-book reading while listening to the associated audiobook.
Microglia Isolation from Adult Mouse Brain (2013)

Although microglia isolation from embryonic or postnatal mouse brain is possible using a number of different protocols, microglia isolation from adult brain is more challenging and often results in low yields. Here, we describe a protocol to isolate intact microglia from adult mouse brain for functional assays, immunocytochemistry, and/or flow cytometry analysis. This protocol involves enzymatic dissociation in medium supplemented with dispase II, papain, and DNase I followed by mechanical dissociation. Cell separation is achieved via percoll gradients of various densities. Microglia isolated using this protocol is suitable for flow cytometry analysis, RNA isolation for gene expression by real-time PCR or microarrays, and for functional assays including cytokine production, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis.
Interactions of Elastomers and Reinforcing Fillers (1965)

Abstract Use of reinforcing fillers in elastomers ranks as one of the two most important processes in rubber technology—only vulcanization can be considered to surpass it in its universal application. From the time of the earliest observations that certain pigments are capable of imparting reinforcement to natural rubber, particularly against wear, people have been concerned with interactions between filler surfaces and rubbers and their role in the mechanism of reinforcement. Progress, initially painfully slow, received a great boost about 30 years ago with the application of the electron microscope to establish the role of particle size. However, it very soon became apparent that particle size, while undoubtedly the single most important variable in rubber reinforcement, cannot account for all the effects of fillers in elastomers and that specific interactions between rubbers and fillers must also play an important part. Today the importance of these interactions is universally recognized, although much remains to be learned about the exact mechanisms by which they give rise to reinforcing effects.
Simultaneous Determination of Arsenic and Antimony Released from Enamel and Glass Cookwares by Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry (2012)

A sensitive,accurate and simple method for the simultaneous determination of arsenic and antimony released from enamel and glass cookwares were established using atomic fluorescence spectrometry(AFS).With the aim of finding optimal conditions for the determination of arsenic and antimony,we investigated the effects of acid medium type and reductant dosage on fluorescence intensity.Under optimized conditions,this method showed excellent linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and concentration within the range of 0–80 ng/mL with correlation coefficients of 0.9995 and 0.9998 for arsenic and antimony,respectively.The limits of detection for arsenic and antimony were 0.04 ng/mL and 0.07 ng/mL,respectively.Spike recoveries of arsenic and antimony ranged from 94.0% to 104.0% and from 98.0% to 106.0%,respectively.The precision RSDs for 6 replicate determinations of arsenic and antimony were 3.6% and 2.7%,respectively.
2.8 Å Crystal Structures of Recombinant Fibrinogen Fragment D with and without Two Peptide Ligands:  GHRP Binding to the “b” Site Disrupts Its Nearby Calcium-binding Site (2002)

We report two crystal structures, each at a resolution of 2.8 A, of recombinant human fibrinogen fragment D (rfD) in the absence and presence of peptide ligands. The bound ligands, Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro-amide and Gly-His-Arg-Pro-amide, mimic the interactions of the thrombin exposed polymerization sites, "A" and "B", respectively. This report is the first to describe the structure of fragment D in the presence of both peptide ligands. The structures reveal that recombinant fibrinogen is nearly identical to the plasma protein but with minor changes, like the addition of a proximal fucose to the carbohydrate linked to residue betaGln364, and slightly different relative positions of the beta- and gamma-modules. Of major interest in our structures is that a previously identified calcium site in plasma fibrinogen is absent when Gly-His-Arg-Pro-amide is bound. The peptide-dependent loss of this calcium site may have significant biological implications that are further discussed. These structures provide a foundation for the detailed structural analysis of variant recombinant fibrinogens that were used to identify critical functional residues within fragment D.
Interleukin‐12 and Interleukin‐27 Regulate Macrophage Control of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (2008)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular pathogen that persists within macrophages and remains a considerable global threat to human health. The purpose of this study was to investigate how interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-27 regulate human macrophage interactions with M. tuberculosis. Quantitative measurement of transcripts showed that IL-12 or M. tuberculosis induced IL-27 gene expression in human macrophages. Furthermore, IL-27 receptor subunits were shown by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry to be expressed and present at the cell surface. Neutralization of IL-27 in the presence of IL-12 reduced viable M. tuberculosis recovered from macrophages. Antimycobacterial activity was accompanied by a heightened inflammatory response that included tumor necrosis factor, IL-6, interferon-gamma, and a subset of chemokines. These results implicate IL-12 and IL-27 in regulating human macrophages, and IL-27 derived from macrophages during infection impedes control of M. tuberculosis growth.
<i>In Vitro</i> Characterization of the Colibactin-Activating Peptidase ClbP Enables Development of a Fluorogenic Activity Probe (2019)

The gut bacterial genotoxin colibactin is linked to the development of colorectal cancer. In the final stages of colibactin's biosynthesis, an inactive precursor (precolibactin) undergoes proteolytic cleavage by ClbP, an unusual inner-membrane-bound periplasmic peptidase, to generate the active genotoxin. This enzyme presents an opportunity to monitor and modulate colibactin biosynthesis, but its active form has not been studied in vitro and limited tools exist to measure its activity. Here, we describe the in vitro biochemical characterization of catalytically active, full-length ClbP. We elucidate its substrate preferences and use this information to develop a fluorogenic activity probe. This tool will enable the discovery of ClbP inhibitors and streamline identification of colibactin-producing bacteria.
Database design of an intensive care unit patient data management system (2002)

A patient data management system (PDMS) developed for use in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Montreal Children's Hospital is described. The PDMS acquires real-time patient data from a network of physiological bedside monitors, and facilitates the review and interpretation of this data by presenting it as graphical trends, charts, and plots on a color video display. The data management structure integrates varied data types and provides database support for different applications, while preserving the real-time acquisition of network data. This structure is based primarily on OS/2 Extended Edition relational database. The relational database design is expected to solve the query shortcomings of the previous data management structure, as well as offer support for security and concurrency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Graphene ink photodetector for UV-Vis and NIR domain (2010)

Graphene ink, functionalized graphene ink with 10 nm colloidal gold nanoparticles and functionalized graphene ink with a mixture of bovine serum albumin and gold nanoparticles, were applied on top of an interdigitated electrode. The I-V characteristics of such modified electrode were investigated under illumination from UV-Vis and NIR domain.
MODELING AND ANALYSES OF THE RETIREMENT OF DETERIORATED STRUCTURES (2006)

With the increasing stock of aging structures, the strategy to model and analyse the retirement of deteriorated structures is becoming a challenging research field. As the converse of construction of new projects, the retirement of constructed facilities puts forward some new management and economics themes as well as environmental issues or adds some new contents even though the same issues are faced in construction. This research aims to model and analyse the maintenance and demolition activities of constructed facilities from economic and environmental perspectives. Both cost and carbon dioxide of maintenance and demolition activities are formulated based on those of construction activities and applied to an empirical study on deteriorated bridges. Further modelling and analysis is investigated to elaborate the demolition stage of a structure. The developed modelling and analysis methodology may enable the decision maker to determine the retirement strategy for a deteriorated structure.
Soft-Output Detection Of Differentially Encoded M-Psk Over Channels With Phase Noise (2006)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Florence, Italy, 2006
Chloroplast Division and Morphology Are Differentially Affected by Overexpression of <i>FtsZ1</i> and <i>FtsZ2</i> Genes in Arabidopsis, (2000)

In higher plants, two nuclear gene families, FtsZ1 and FtsZ2, encode homologs of the bacterial protein FtsZ, a key component of the prokaryotic cell division machinery. We previously demonstrated that members of both gene families are essential for plastid division, but are functionally distinct. To further explore differences between FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 proteins we investigated the phenotypes of transgenic plants overexpressing AtFtsZ1-1 or AtFtsZ2-1, Arabidopsis members of the FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 families, respectively. Increasing the level of AtFtsZ1-1 protein as little as 3-fold inhibited chloroplast division. Plants with the most severe plastid division defects had 13- to 26-fold increases in AtFtsZ1-1 levels over wild type, and some of these also exhibited a novel chloroplast morphology. Quantitative immunoblotting revealed a correlation between the degree of plastid division inhibition and the extent to which the AtFtsZ1-1 protein level was elevated. In contrast, expression of an AtFtsZ2-1 sense transgene had no obvious effect on plastid division or morphology, though AtFtsZ2-1 protein levels were elevated only slightly over wild-type levels. This may indicate that AtFtsZ2-1 accumulation is more tightly regulated than that of AtFtsZ1-1. Plants expressing the AtFtsZ2-1 transgene did accumulate a form of the protein smaller than those detected in wild-type plants. AtFtsZ2-1 levels were unaffected by increased or decreased accumulation of AtFtsZ1-1 and vice versa, suggesting that the levels of these two plastid division proteins are regulated independently. Taken together, our results provide additional evidence for the functional divergence of the FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 plant gene families.
Phosphorylation of Ebola Virus VP30 Influences the Composition of the Viral Nucleocapsid Complex (2013)

Ebola virus is a non-segmented negative-sense RNA virus causing severe hemorrhagic fever with high fatality rates in humans and nonhuman primates. For transcription of the viral genome four viral proteins are essential: the nucleoprotein NP, the polymerase L, the polymerase cofactor VP35, and VP30. VP30 represents an essential Ebola virus-specific transcription factor whose activity is regulated via its phosphorylation state. In contrast to viral transcription, VP30 is not required for viral replication. Using a minigenome assay, we show that phosphorylation of VP30 inhibits viral transcription while viral replication is increased. Concurrently, phosphorylation of VP30 reciprocally regulates a newly described interaction of VP30 with VP35, and strengthens the interaction with NP. Our results indicate a critical role of VP30 phosphorylation for viral transcription and replication, suggesting a mechanism by which VP30 phosphorylation modulates the composition of the viral polymerase complex presumably forming a transcriptase in the presence of non-phosphorylated VP30 or a replicase in the presence of phosphorylated VP30.
Hypoglycemic effect of aqueous extract of seabuckthorn (<i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> L.) seed residues in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats (2009)

An extract of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) seed residues has been shown to possess hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties in normal mice. The present study investigated the effects of an aqueous extract of seabuckthorn seed residues (ASSR) on serum glucose, lipid profiles and antioxidant parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: a normal control group; diabetic control group; diabetic groups supplemented with 5 mg/kg body weight glibenclamide (reference drug) and 400 mg/kg body weight ASSR. Diabetes in rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body weight). Vehicle (distilled water), glibenclamide and ASSR were administered orally to normal and diabetic rats once a day lasting for 4 weeks. The data showed that administration of ASSR significantly lowered the serum glucose, triglyceride and nitric oxide levels in diabetic rats. Moreover, ASSR treatment also increased serum superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione level markedly. These results show that ASSR has hypoglycemic, hypotriglyceridemic and antioxidant effects in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, suggesting that ASSR supplementation can be useful in preventing diabetic complications associated with hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress.
Development of selective methods for the determination of small amounts of D-amino acids in mammals (2004)

D-アミノ酸は，生体の主構成要素の一つであるL-アミノ酸の光学異性体であり，哺乳類における機能に興味が持たれている．しかし，ほとんどのD-アミノ酸は哺乳類中に微量しか存在せず，その詳細な分布や動態解析を可能とする高感度かつ選択的分析法が必要とされていた．本研究では，逆相カラム及びキラルカラムを用いる2段階高速液体クロマトグラフ（HPLC）法や，カラムスイッチングキラルHPLC法，高選択的ジアステレオマー法等を利用し，様々なD-アミノ酸について哺乳類体内における微量分析法を確立した．これらの方法を用いてラット及びマウスにおける内在性D-アミノ酸含量を検討した結果，既に報告されているD-アスパラギン酸やD-セリンに加え，哺乳類組織内における微量D-アラニン，D-ロイシン，D-プロリンなどの存在と分布を明らかにした．これらの微量D-アミノ酸はそれぞれ特有の組織分布と動態を示し，生体がこれらを厳密に区別してその含量を制御していることが明らかになった．