gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mortality and Complications Associated with Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (1996)

There is wide variability in the amount and type of data reported within any single study, and patient populations may not be comparable across studies. Except for a higher common bile duct injury rate, laparoscopic cholecystectomy appears to be at least as safe a procedure as that of open cholecystectomy.
Internode length in <i>Lathyrus odoratus</i>. Effects of mutants <i>l</i> and <i>lb</i> on gibberellin metabolism and levels (1990)

After the application of [ 13 C 3 H]‐gibberellin A 20 to wild‐type (tall) sweet peas ( Lathyrus odoratus L.) labelled gibberellin A 1 (GA 1 ), GA 8 , GA 29 and 2‐epiGA 29 were identified as major metabolities by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry after high performance liquid chromatography. By contrast in genetically comparable dwarf ( II ) plants only labelled GA 29 and 2‐epiGA 29 were produced in significant amounts, although evidence was obtained for trace amounts of labelled GA 1 and GA 8 . The apical portions of dwarf plants contained 8–10 times less GA 1 than those of tall plants but at least as much GA 20 (measured using di‐deuterated internal standards). In conjunction with previous data these results strongly indicate that in genotype ll internode length is reduced and leaf growth altered by a reduction in GA1 levels attributable to a partial block in the 3β‐hydroxylation of GA 20 to GA 1 . In contrast to dwarf plants, semidwarf plants (genotype lblb ) contained more GA 1 in the apical portion than wild‐type counterparts. This is consistent with the suggestion that lb alters some aspect of GA sensitivity.
A Comparison of Information Fusion Methods for Locating Intelligent Mobile Robot (2006)

Self-localization methods for intelligent mobile robot can be found from literatures. Here, we studied two information fusion methods, namely Extended Kalman Filter and Unscented Kalman Filter. They are used to locate the pose of mobile robot that is navigating in the indoor environment. To analyze the performance of the two filters, they were used respectively to fuse the information coming from the onboard odometry and unidirectional camera. We built the nonlinear models for these two sensors and studied the propagation of uncertainty transformed by the given nonlinear system. Finally we drew a comparison between the two approaches based on the SmartROB2 mobile robot and the performance analyses are given accordingly.
Gyrotron With Dual Electrode Ferroelectric Cathode Operating at High Repetition Rate and Long Pulse (2014)

A gyrotron based on a ferroelectric cathode with dual front electrodes has been experimentally studied, and the results are reported. The two electrodes are triggered separately with complementary timing. During operation when plasma is forming on one of the electrodes, the other undergoes a relaxation process and vice versa. A pulse repetition rate of ~ 3 MHz with a 50% duty cycle was obtained from each electrode, reaching an overall 100% duty cycle, forming a continuous ~ 7-μs current pulse. This configuration has the potential to extend the pulse duration toward continuous operation. The cathode was used as a source for a 25-GHz gyrotron generating a ~ 7-μs radiation pulse.
Gene transfer to dendritic cells induced a protective immunity against melanoma. (2005)

Lentiviral vectors have shown promises for efficient gene transfer to dividing as well as nondividing cells. In this study, we explored lentiviral vector-mediated, the entire mTRP-2 gene transfer and expression in dendritic cells (DCs). Adoptive transfer of DCs-expressing mTRP-2 (DC-HR'CmT2) into C57BL/6 mouse was also assessed. Dendritic cells were harvested from bone marrow and functional DCs were proved by allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. Lentiviral vectors were produced by transient transfection of 293T cells. Transduction of DCs was proved by marker gene expression and PCR and RT-PCR amplification. Implantation of the transduced DCs, depletion of immune cells as well as the survival of the mice after tumour challenge were investigated. High efficiency of gene transfer into mature DCs was achieved. The high level expression of the functional antigen (TRP-2) and induction of protective immunity by adoptive transfer of TRP-2 gene modified DCs were demonstrated. In vivo study showed a complete protection of mice from further melanoma cell challenge. In comparison, only 83% of mice survived when mTRP-2 peptide-pulsed DCs were administered, suggesting the generation of specific protection. Together, these results demonstrated the usefulness of this gene transfer to DC approach for immunotherapy of cancer and indicated that using tumour associated antigens (TAAs) for gene transfer may be potentially beneficial for the therapy of melanoma.
Spatio-temporal training-sequence based channel equalization and adaptive interference cancellation (2002)

We consider mobile radio communications with one user of interest and possibly interfering users and noise, over several discrete-time channels obtained either by oversampling or from multiple antennas. The optimal receiver structure for one signal of interest plus spatially and temporally correlated noise is MLSE equalization with an appropriately weighted metric for vector signals. We show however that we can alternatively pass the vector received signal through both a MISO (multi-input single output) matched filter and a MIMO blocking equalizer. The blocking equalizer output is independent of the signal of interest and is used as the input to a MISO Wiener filter that reduces the noise in the matched filter output. The training sequence of the signal of interest can be used to estimate the corresponding channel, from which the matched filter and blocking equalizer can be determined. The remaining quantities can be adapted from the available signals.
Association of SH2 Domain Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases with the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Human Tumor Cells (1995)

The SH2 domain protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) PTP1C and PTP1D were found associated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor which was purified from A431 cell membranes by several steps of chromatography. Both PTPases also associated with the EGF receptor upon exposure of immunoprecipitated receptor to lysates of MCF7 mammary carcinoma cells. The associated PTPases had little activity toward the bound receptor when it was autophosphorylated in vitro. Receptor dephosphorylation could, however, be initiated by treatment of the receptor-PTPase complex with phosphatidic acid (PA). When autophosphorylated EGF receptor was exposed to lysates of PTP1C or PTP1D overexpressing 293 cells, the association of PTP1C but not of PTP1D was enhanced in the presence of PA. In intact A431 cells, an association of PTP1C and PTP1D with the EGF receptor was detectable by coimmunoprecipitation experiments. PA treatment reduced the phosphorylation state of ligand activated EGF receptors in A431 cells and in 293 cells overexpressing EGF receptors together with PTP1C but not in 293 cells overexpressing EGF receptors alone or together with PTP1D. We conclude that PTP1C but not PTP1D participates in dephosphorylation of activated EGF receptors. A possible role of PA for physiological modulation of EGF receptor signaling is discussed.
Preparation and Antioxidant Activities of Phenolic Esters and Ethers of L-Ascorbic Acid (1998)

Abstract Esterification of L-ascorbic acid in concentrated sulfuric acid with 0.33 moles of gallic acid gave a 90% yield of a 2:5 mixture of L-ascorbyl 5- and 6-gallate esters. The 6-gallate ester (1) was purified from the 5-gallate ester (2) by fractional crystallization in 40% yield. Three other aromatic derivatives of L-ascorbic acid also were prepared. The order of antioxidant activities of the L-ascorbyl derivatives determined by thiobarbituric acid number in methyl linolenate at 37 °C was as follows: 6-gallate (1) > 6-(3′,4′ -dihydroxy)benzoate (3) = 6-(4′ -hydroxy)phenyl ether (4) >6-(4′ methoxy)phenyl ether (5).
Does Laser-Assisted Uvulopalatoplasty Work? An Objective Analysis Using Pre- and Postoperative Polysomnographic Studies (2001)

Overall, we found a significant improvement in 60% of patients, with the greatest benefit in patients with a preoperative RDI of greater than 40 per hour. Patients with preoperative RDI < 20 were successfully treated in only 25% of cases.
Non-contact detection of myocardium’s mechanical activity by ultrawideband RF-radar and interpretation applying electrocardiography (2009)

Electromagnetic waves can propagate through the body and are reflected at interfaces between materials with different dielectric properties. Therefore the reason for using ultrawideband (UWB) radar for probing the human body in the frequency range from 100 MHz up to 10 GHz is obvious and suggests an ability to monitor the motion of organs within the human body as well as obtaining images of internal structures. The specific advantages of UWB sensors are high temporal and spatial resolutions, penetration into object, low integral power, and compatibility with established narrowband systems. The sensitivity to ultralow power signals makes them suitable for human medical applications including mobile and continuous noncontact supervision of vital functions. Since no ionizing radiation is used, and due to the ultralow specific absorption rate applied, UWB techniques permit noninvasive sensing with no potential risks. This research aims at the synergetic use of UWB sounding combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to gain complementary information for improved functional diagnosis and imaging, especially to accelerate and enhance cardiac MRI by applying UWB radar as a noncontact navigator of myocardial contraction. To this end a sound understanding of how myocardial's mechanic is rendered by reflected and postprocessed UWB radar signals must be achieved. Therefore, we have executed the simultaneous acquisition and evaluation of radar signals with signals from a high-resolution electrocardiogram. The noncontact UWB illumination was done from several radiographic standard positions to monitor selected superficial myocardial areas during the cyclic physiological myocardial deformation in three different respiratory states. From our findings we could conclude that UWB radar can serve as a navigator technique for high and ultrahigh field magnetic resonance imaging and can be beneficial preserving the high resolution capability of this imaging modality. Furthermore it can potentially be used to support standard electrocardiography (ECG) analysis by complementary information where sole ECG analysis fails, e.g., electromechanical dissociation.
Design of a High-Numerical-Aperture Miniature Microscope Objective for an Endoscopic Fiber Confocal Reflectance Microscope (2002)

An endoscopic confocal microscope requires a high-performance, miniaturized microscope objective. We present the design of a miniature water-immersion microscope objective that is approximately 10 times smaller in length than a typical commercial objective. The miniature objective is 7 mm in outer diameter and 21 mm in length (from object to image). It is used in a fiber confocal reflectance microscope. The miniature microscope objective has a numerical aperture of 1.0, a field of view of 250 microm, and a working distance of 450 microm. It delivers diffraction-limited performance at lambda = 1064 nm. Micrometer-level resolution has been experimentally demonstrated.
Gap junction alterations in human cardiac disease (2004)

Gap junctions, assembled from connexins, form the cell-to-cell pathways for propagation of the precisely orchestrated patterns of current flow that govern the regular rhythm of the healthy heart. As in most tissues and organs, multiple connexin types are expressed in the heart; connexin43, connexin40 and connexin45 are found in distinctive combinations and relative quantities in different, functionally specialized subsets of cardiomyocyte. Alterations of gap junction organization and connexin expression are now well established as a consistent feature of human heart disease in which there is an arrhythmic tendency. These alterations may take the form of structural remodelling, involving disturbances in the distribution of gap junctions and/or alteration of the amount or type of connexin(s) expressed. In the diseased ventricles, the most consistent quantitative alteration involves heterogeneous reduction in connexin43 expression. In the atria, features of gap organization and connexin expression have been implicated in the initiation of atrial fibrillation and, once the condition becomes chronic, gap junction alterations associated with remodelling may contribute to persistence of the condition. By correlating data from studies on the human patient with those from animal and cell models, alterations in gap junctions and connexins have emerged as important factors to be considered in understanding the pro-arrhythmic substrate found in a variety of forms of heart disease.
A patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and untreated Encephalitozoon (Septata) intestinalis microsporidiosis leading to small bowel perforation. Response to albendazole. (1997)

Encephalitozoon intestinalis symptomatically targets many organs, including the urinary bladder. To our knowledge, this is the first tissue-documented case of cystitis. Left untreated with albendazole, small bowel infection can lead to perforation and peritonitis.
DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES IN SERUM INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR(IGF-1), THYROID HORMONES (T_3,T_4) AND ESTRADIOL DURING EMBRYOGENESIS AND POSTHATCH GROWTH OF SHAOXING DUCKS (2001)

The ontogeny of serum levels of IGF 1,thyroid hormones (T 3,T 4) and estradiol in 14 ,19 ,24 day old embryos (E) and in ducks at 1,30,60,105,200,470 day post hatching (D).The changes in body weight as well as the egg laying rate were observed.Body weight of males was heavier than that of females from E14 to D60.The first egg was laid on 117 days of age.The laying rate rose markedly thereafter,and it took only about 6 weeks to reach the 80% of egg lay.Laying rate over 80% lasted for 42 weeks.Serum IGF 1 was detected on E14 about 89 71±2 24 ng/ml,and rose to 93 91±2 70 ng/ml on E19.Values subsequently declined to 84 41±3 36 ng/ml on E24.After hatching,serum IGF 1 levels rose to 135 ng/ml or so at day 1 and 30,and then rose to a peak of 160 165 ng/ml at D60,105 and 200,with a slight decline at D470.T 3 was present in the serum throughout the study,beginning 0 24±0 06 ng/ml at 14 day old embryos and reaching the maximum of some 1 5 ng/ml at day 1 and 30 post hatching.After D30 a steady decrease in serum T 3 levels could be observed and the lowest concentrations were found at day 200 (0 463±0 049 ng/ml),but rose at day 470 (1 48±0 059 ng/ml).Developing changes of serum T 4 levels were just like those of T 3.Serum concentrations of estradiol were not detectable until 30 days of age,then rose markedly to 105 days of age.The maximum levels of serum estradiol were observed at D470.It seems that IGF 1 and thyroid hormones not only play a role in duck embryonic and posthatch development,but also affect the duck egg production.
ChemInform Abstract: Condensed Bridgehead Nitrogen Heterocyclic Systems: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Thiazolo(3′,2′:2,3)(1,2,4)triazino(5,6‐b) indoles and Isomeric Thiazolo(2′,3′:3,4)(1,2,4)triazino(5,6‐b)indoles. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
On the possibility of complete condensation shock waves in retrograde fluids (1975)

Shock discontinuities for which the upstream state is vapour and the downstream state is liquid are considered. The possibility of such shock waves is associated with a large number of molecular degrees of freedom: it is necessary that the ideal-gas specific heat c v [ges ] 24 R at the critical temperature, a condition which is met by several common fluids. Shock properties are found from a corresponding-states thermodynamic model and from several calculations based on data for particular fluids. Condensation shock waves satisfy the usual stability conditions and should be found in laboratory experiments.
Sleep complaints in patients with myotonic dystrophy (2004)

The aim of this study was to document the clinical picture of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and of other sleep disturbances, and to study the relationship of daytime sleepiness to anthropometric data, muscular impairment, and CTG trinucleotide repeat expansion in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). A total of 157 DM1 patients were surveyed using a modified version of the Sleep Questionnaire and Assessment of Wakefulness. Other measurements included muscular impairment rating and the size of the trinucleotide repeat. Factor analysis and reliability estimates were used to produce a daytime sleepiness scale with five items of the questionnaire. Thirty-eight healthy family members were studied as control subjects. It was found that EDS was present in 33.1% of DM1 patients. Severity of daytime sleepiness correlated with the degree of muscular impairment but not with age, gender, body mass index, age at onset of symptoms, duration of illness, and CTG repeat. DM1 patients reported a longer sleep period, a less restorative sleep, and more difficulty falling asleep, being alert in the morning and staying awake after meals than controls, but a similar incidence of narcolepsy auxiliary symptoms. Compared with DM1 patients without EDS, those with EDS reported greater hypnagogic hallucinations, and greater pain associated with nocturnal awakenings and in their legs upon morning awakenings. In sum, both DM1 patients with and without EDS exhibit characteristics of sleep duration and sleepiness comparable with those found in idiopathic hypersomnia. The severity of daytime sleepiness is weakly related to the extent of muscular impairment but not to CTG repeat.
How to design optimal metallization patterns for solar cells (1999)

Solar cells have a metallization pattern to collect the current. Generally, simple metallization patterns, such as the H-grid metallization pattern, a cross-hatched pattern or a full metallization, are used. With the widely used technique of screen printing, however, virtually any metallization pattern of any topology can be realized, but the problem is how to design the optimum topology. The paper presents a design method for optimal metallization patterns. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Correlation between Gametophytic and Sporophytic Characteristics in <i>Zea mays</i> L. (1971)

If a mixture of types of corn pollen, identified by genetic markers, is applied to the silks of other inbred lines, the rate of pollen tube growth often varies with type of pollen. This gametophytic differential is correlated with a sporophytic differential-relatively heavier seeds in seed mixtures result from fertilization by gametes from faster growing tubes. The increased seed weight is due to greater competitive ability of the zygotes thus formed.
Compressibility of Oil/Refrigerant Lubricants in Elasto-Hydrodynamic Contacts (2005)

A high-pressure chamber is used to study lubricant compressibility when refrigeration oil is diluted by refrigerant. The tested lubricant in this work is a POE (polyol ester) oil, POE diluted with nonchlorinated (HFC) refrigerant R-134a, a naphthenic mineral oil, and the mineral oil diluted with the chlorinated (HCFC) refrigerant R-22. The high-pressure chamber experiments show that by adding 20 wt% of R-134a to the polyol ester oil, the stiffness of the lubricant increases by approximately 38 wt% at 1 GPa and is much higher than for R-22 and mineral oil.
CascadeTabNet: An approach for end to end table detection and structure recognition from image-based documents (2020)

An automatic table recognition method for interpretation of tabular data in document images majorly involves solving two problems of table detection and table structure recognition. The prior work involved solving both problems independently using two separate approaches. More recent works signify the use of deep learning-based solutions while also attempting to design an end to end solution. In this paper, we present an improved deep learning-based end to end approach for solving both problems of table detection and structure recognition using a single Convolution Neural Network (CNN) model. We propose CascadeTabNet: a Cascade mask Region-based CNN High-Resolution Network (Cascade mask R-CNN HRNet) based model that detects the regions of tables and recognizes the structural body cells from the detected tables at the same time. We evaluate our results on ICDAR 2013, ICDAR 2019 and Table-Bank public datasets. We achieved 3rd rank in ICDAR 2019 post-competition results for table detection while attaining the best accuracy results for the ICDAR 2013 and Table-Bank dataset. We also attain the highest accuracy results on the ICDAR 2019 table structure recognition dataset. Additionally, we demonstrate effective transfer learning and image augmentation techniques that enable CNNs to achieve very accurate table detection results. Code and dataset has been made available at: https://github.com/DevashishPrasad/CascadeTabNet.
Crowdsourcing in Heterogeneous Networked Environments - Opportunities and Challenges (2012)

Crowd sourcing has become a term used to describe a broad variety of effective approaches that engage potentially large and open crowds of participants for the undertaking of a task. The emergence of Heterogeneous Networks (Het Nets) that brings about a significant expansion of existing mobile network capacity will enable and accelerate new forms of mobile and ubiquitous crowd sourcing. This paper aims to explore some of the opportunities and challenges that will face crowd sourcing-based approaches in emerging heterogeneous networked environments. A conceptual architecture for a context-aware mobile crowd sourcing platform is proposed.
Mixture of experts for audio classification: an application to male female classification and musical genre recognition (2005)

We report the experimental results obtained when applying a mixture of experts to the problem of audio classification for multimedia applications. The mixture of experts is based on multilayer perceptron neural networks as individual experts and piecewise Gaussian modeling was used for audio signal representation. Experimental results on two audio classification problems, male/female classification and musical genre recognition, show a clear improvement in using a mixture of experts in comparison to one individual expert
Cerebral palsy and multiple births. (1996)

Multiple birth babies are at increased risk of cerebral palsy. There is also an increased risk of cerebral palsy within a twin pregnancy if the co-twin has died in utero.
Introducing OCTAVE Allegro: Improving the Information Security Risk Assessment Process (2007)

This technical report introduces the next generation of the Operationally Critical Threat, Asset, and Vulnerability Evaluation (OCTAVE) methodology, OCTAVE Allegro. OCTAVE Allegro is a methodology to streamline and optimize the process of assessing information security risks so that an organization can obtain sufficient results with a small investment in time, people, and other limited resources. It leads the organization to consider people, technology, and facilities in the context of their relationship to information and the business processes and services they support. This report highlights the design considerations and requirements for OCTAVE Allegro based on field experience with existing OCTAVE methods and provides guidance, worksheets, and examples that an organization can use to begin performing OCTAVE Allegro-based risk assessments.