gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the Relation of MIMO APP Detection and SIMO Maximum Ratio Combining (2009)

In classical non-iterative MIMO detection a soft-output MIMO detector computes likelihoods of the transmit bits being 1 or 0, given the received symbol vector. In iterative MIMO detection-decoding, detection performance is improved by exploiting apriori information about bit probabilities from the decoder. Transmit bits are viewed as random variables and the optimum detector performs Bayesian updating of transmit bit probabilities to compute the aposteriori probabilities (APP). We show that with growing apriori knowledge APP and max-log-APP MIMO detector performance increases up to the performance of maximum ratio combining (MRC) for SIMO transmission of BPSK modulation, when transmitting with the same energy per symbol. This is an upper bound for detector performance in iterative detection-decoding (turbo MIMO receiver).
Zusammenfassung (1972)

Nach Besprechung der maßgebenden Literaturquellen und der bisherigen Vorstellungen über Verhalten und Wirkungsweise des Relaxin wurden wesentliche Problemstellungen erörtert.
A 77-GHz Mixed-Mode FMCW Generator Based on a Vernier TDC With Dual Rising-Edge Fractional-Phase Detector (2019)

A 77-GHz frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) generator is presented for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) radar applications. The FMCW chirp is provided by a mixedmode phase-locked loop (PLL). A dual rising-edge fractionalphase detector based on time-to-digital converter (TDC) is proposed to overcome the problem caused by the rising and falling time mismatch. A 2.3 ns detection range, 10 ps resolution Vernier TDC is employed in the detector to cover the two consecutive rising edges with less power consumption. A self-calibrated delay chain is employed in the Vernier TDC to overcome process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations. Furthermore, sampling-edge selection technique is utilized to avoid the glitch during phase detection. A divider-less frequency error estimator is presented to save area and power. By employing a coarsefine segmented digital-to-analog converter (DAC), the generator supports triangular and sawtooth-like FMCW chirp with reconfigurable period and bandwidth. An LC voltagecontrolled oscillator (VCO) with split varactor is proposed to improve the linear tuning range. Implemented in 65 nm CMOS, the FMCW generator consumes 99 mW power and 0.7 mm × 0.8 mm chip area. The measurement results show that the phase noise from 78.7 GHz carrier is -87.4-dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The measured rootmean-square (RMS) frequency error of a sawtooth-like FMCW chirp with 4 GHz bandwidth and 0.1 ms period is 205 kHz.
The Effect of Intra-Articular Triamcinolone Preparations on Blood Glucose Levels in Diabetic Patients (2011)

Intra-articular injection of either TAH or TA is associated with significantly increased blood glucose levels in patients with controlled diabetes with OAK. This increase is quite solely due to the injected steroids.
Surface site distributions by solid-state multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. Pyridine binding to .gamma.-alumina by nitrogen-15 and deuterium NMR (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface site distributions by solid-state multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. Pyridine binding to .gamma.-alumina by nitrogen-15 and deuterium NMRPaul D. Majors and Paul D. EllisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 6, 1648–1653Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00240a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00240a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views321Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of Potential mRNA Biomarkers in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes for Human Exposure to Ionizing Radiation (2000)

Since early in the Atomic Age, biological indicators of radiation exposure have been sought, but currently available methods are not entirely satisfactory. Using cDNA microarray hybridization to discover new potential biomarkers, we have identified genes expressed at increased levels in human peripheral blood lymphocytes after ex vivo irradiation. We recently used this technique to identify a large set of ionizing radiation-responsive genes in a human cell line (Oncogene 18, 3666-3672, 1999). The present set of radiation markers in peripheral blood lymphocytes was identified 24 h after treatment, and while the magnitude of mRNA induction generally decreased over time, many markers were still significantly elevated up to 72 h after irradiation. In all donors, the most highly responsive gene identified was DDB2, which codes for the p48 subunit of XPE, a protein known to play a crucial role in repair of ultraviolet (UV) radiation damage in DNA. Induction of DDB2, CDKN1A (also known at C1P1/WAF1) and XPC showed a linear dose-response relationship between 0.2 and 2 Gy at 24 and 48 h after irradiation, with less linearity at earlier or later times. These results suggest that relative levels of gene expressions in peripheral blood cells may provide estimated of environmental radiation exposures.
Data adaptive spectral analysis methods (1971)

Abstract Two new methods (Maximum Likelihood Method or MLM, and Maximum Entropy Method or MEM) for power spectral density estimation have been experimentally investigated. Both methods, unlike conventional methods, adapt to the actual characteristics of the noise process under study. The new techniques are particularly valuable if the process contains one or more narrow peaks in frequency which are to be resolved. In this case, the output peaks from MEM are proportional to the square of the power in the narrow peaks but the area is equal to power. The peak values of the MLM reflect power directly. Both methods yield the true spectrum if the spectrum changes slowly enough with frequency. Neither of the new methods appears to be unduly sensitive to small statistical fluctuations of the estimated correlation function used to obtain spectral estimates.
Buffers for the physiological pH range: thermodynamic constants of four substituted aminoethanesulfonic acids from 5 to 50.degree.C (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBuffers for the physiological pH range: thermodynamic constants of four substituted aminoethanesulfonic acids from 5 to 50.degree.CCarmen. Amaralis Vega and Roger G. BatesCite this: Anal. Chem. 1976, 48, 9, 1293–1296Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1976https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50003a010RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views155Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (474 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Oxygen isotope composition of planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber in sediment core GeoB1413 from the eastern edge of the South Atlantic central gyre (1991)

Die Paläozeanographie versucht die Klimageschichte des Quartärs zu rekonstruieren und die Zusammenhänge zwischen Klimaänderungen und ozeanischer Zirkulation besser zu verstehen. Ein wichtiges Hilfsmittel stellen die planktischen Foraminiferen dar. Die Analyse planktischer Foraminiferengemeinschaften hat gezeigt, daß die Verbreitung dieser Protozoa durch die Umweltbedingungen in den Oberflächenwasserströmen bestimmt wird (BoLTOVSKOY, 1969; CIFELLI& BENIER, 1976; OTIENS, 1991). Durch ihre Ablagerung und Erhaltung am Meeresboden speichern sie diese Informationen und bilden einen Indikator für Wassermassen und Oberflächenwassertemperaturschichtung. Zeitliche und räumliche Veränderungen der Faunenvergesellschaftungen und der Verhältnisse stabiler Sauerstoff- und Kohlenstoffisotope einzelner Foraminiferenarten haben damit einen maßgeblichen Beitrag zur Kenntnis der spätquartären Temperatur- und Zirkulationsänderungen der Oberflächenströme geliefert (SHACKLETON & OPDYKE, 1973; BE et al., 1976; RUDDIMAN & McooYRE, 1976; VINCENT & BERGER, 1981; CLIMAP, 1981; RA VELO et al., 1990).Mit Hilfe der planktischen Foraminiferen soll diese Arbeit einen Beitrag zur Rekonstruktion der spätquartären Ozeanographie des Südatlantiks liefern. Die Oberflächenströme des Südatlantiks sind das Bindeglied im Wärmeaustausch zwischen niederen und hohen Breiten. Durch den Südäquatorialstrom (SEC) werden warme Wassermassen, die sich aufgrund der hohen Sonneneinstrahlung im tropischen Atlantik gebildet haben, in den Nordatlantik transportiert. Die Wärme wird im Nordatlantik unter Bildung des Nordatlantischen-Tiefenwassers (NADW) an die Atmosphäre abgegeben. Durch dieses Ereignis wird maßgeblich das nordeuropäische Klima beeinflußt (BROECKER & DENTON, 1989). Die Intensität des SEC wird durch den saisonal variierenden SE-, NE-Passat gesteuert, der hauptsächlich durch die Präzession der geneigten Erdachse bzw. durch die Insolation auf der Nordhalbkugel kontrolliert wird (Mc OOYRE et aI., 1989; MOLFINO & Mc INTYRE, 1990). Der SEC fließt entlang des Äquators von Ost nach West und kalte, nährstotfreiche, tiefere Wassermassen (Südatlantisches-Zentralwasser (SACW)) steigen vor allem im Osten auf und erzeugen das hochproduktive äquatoriale Auftriebsgebiet. Im Osten ist der Temperaturgradient in der Wassersäule steiler, und die Thermoklinentiefe nimmt von Ost nach West zu. Die Lage der Thermokline ist damit ein wesentlicher Faktor, der den Wärmehaushalt im Atlantik mitbestimmt. So wird z. B. im äquatorialen Auftriebsgebiet und im Auftriebsgebiet des küstennahen Benguela-Stroms, wo die Thermoklinentiefe durch aufsteigende kalte Wassermassen gering ist, eine Wärmezunahme von 100 W/qm im Wärmehaushalt erreicht (PETERSON & STRAMMA, 1991). Zur spätquartären Rekonstruktion des Wärmeflusses und der Oberflächenzirkulation im Südostatlantik ist es daher wichtig, auch die zeitlichen und räumlichen Veränderungen tieferer Wasserschichten (bis 300 m) zu erfassen.
Thalidomide and Thalidomide Analogs Reduce HIV Type 1 Replication in Human Macrophages <i>in Vitro</i> (1997)

Thalidomide is currently being evaluated for efficacy in alleviating some manifestations of HIV-1 infection. To determine whether thalidomide has any direct effects on HIV-1 infection, we investigated the effect of thalidomide and also of three structural analogs of thalidomide on HIV-1 replication in vitro in human monocyte-derived macrophages. The thalidomide analogs were previously shown to inhibit TNF-alpha production in vitro at much lower concentrations than thalidomide. In HIV-1-infected macrophages treated with thalidomide or thalidomide analogs, viral replication was reduced by 60 to 80% as determined by measuring viral RT activity in the culture supernatants. In all experiments the analogs inhibited HIV-1 replication more efficiently than did thalidomide. The drugs also reduced HIV-1 gag mRNA expression. Furthermore, the drugs caused a decrease in NF-kappaB-binding activity in nuclear extracts of HIV-1-infected macrophages. The role of NF-kappaB in the drug-induced inhibition of HIV-1 replication was confirmed using an NF-kappaB-defective mutant virus to infect macrophages.
JUVENILE CHRONIC ARTHRITIS (1994)

In a 30-year-old woman with decreased range of motion in several joints, radiographs show bony fusion, profound osteopenia, erosions and advanced arthrosis.
Enhancing Parallelism of Tile QR Factorization for Multicore Architectures (2010)

To exploit the potential of multicore architectures, recent dense linear algebra libraries have used tile algorithms, which consist of scheduling a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) of fine granularity tasks where nodes represent tasks, either panel factorization or update of a block-column, and edges represent dependencies among them. Although past approaches already achieve high performance on moderate and large square matrices, their way of processing a panel in sequence leads to limited performance when factorizing tall and skinny matrices or small square matrices. We present a new, fully asynchronous method for computing a QR factorization on shared-memory multicore architectures that overcomes this bottleneck. Our contribution is to adapt an existing algorithm that performs a panel factorization in parallel (named Communication-Avoiding QR and initially designed for distributed-memory machines) to the context of tile algorithms using asynchronous computations. An experimental study shows significant improvement (up to almost 10 times faster) compared to state-of-the-art approaches. We aim to eventually incorporate this work into the Parallel Linear Algebra for Scalable Multi-core Architectures (PLASMA) library. I. Introduction and Motivations QR factorization is one of the major one-sided factorizations in dense linear algebra.
Aerial and Acoustic Marine Mammal Detection and Localization on Navy Ranges (2006)

Acoustic monitoring and aerial visual surveys of marine mammal activity were conducted simultaneously at the Navy's Pacific Missile Range Facility near Kauai, HI, during times of both high- and low-whale density from February 2002 to March 2003. Specifically, recordings from the range's 24 broadband hydrophones were made during 11 of 16 "in-season" and during six of ten "off-season" aerial surveys. Basic acoustic detections consisted primarily of humpback whale calls and sperm-whale clicks, and those two species were also reported in the visual surveys. The relative number of acoustic detections roughly corresponded with the visual survey results throughout the year. The same acoustic data were also provided to a passive-acoustic-localization algorithm based on acoustic propagation models which generated estimates of sperm-whale movement through the range. The acoustic localizations are in close proximity in space and time to the visual observations of sperm whales. Verification of the model-based localization algorithm's accuracy was demonstrated in a controlled-source experiment at the Navy's Atlantic Undersea Test and Evaluation Center (AUTEC) range in the Bahamas where the recordings of sperm-whale clicks were broadcast and successfully tracked. The localization accuracy of the model-based technique and traditional hyperbolic techniques is compared. These results raise the possibility of using existing Navy assets to detect and track marine mammals, particularly during times when visual sighting conditions are not favorable, in efforts to minimize their exposure to underwater sound.
A Heuristic for Reducing Fill-In in Sparse Matrix Factorization. (1993)

We present a heuristic that helps to improve the quality of the bisection returned by the Kernighan-Lin and greedy graph bisection algorithms. This in turns helps to reduce the amount of fill-in produced by separator-based algorithms that reorder a matrix before factorization. We also describe the performance of our heuristic on graphs from the Harwell-Boeing collection of sparse matrix test problems, and compare them with known results by other methods on the same graphs.
Statistical distribution of foveal transverse chromatic aberration, pupil centration, and angle ψ in a population of young adult eyes (1995)

Subjective transverse chromatic aberration (sTCA) manifest at the fovea was determined for a population of 85 young adults (19-38 years old) by means of a two-dimensional, two-color, vernier alignment technique. The statistical distribution of sTCA was well fitted by a bivariate Gaussian function with mean values that were not significantly different from zero in either the horizontal or the vertical direction. We conclude from this result that a hypothetical, average eye representing the population mean of human eyes with medium-sized pupils is free of foveal sTCA. However, the absolute magnitude of sTCA for any given individual was often significantly greater than zero and ranged from 0.05 to 2.67 arcmin for the red and the blue lights of a computer monitor (mean wavelengths, 605 and 497 nm, respectively). The statistical distribution of the absolute magnitude of sTCA was well described by a Rayleigh probability distribution with a mean of 0.8 arcmin. A simple device useful for population screening in a clinical setting was also tested and gave concordant results. Assuming that sTCA at the fovea is due to decentering of the pupil with respect to the visual axis, we infer from these results that the pupil is, on average, well centered in human eyes. The average magnitude of pupil decentration in individual eyes is less than 0.5 mm, which corresponds to psi = 3 deg for the angle between the achromatic and the visual axes of the eye.
ATREUS: a speech recognition front-end for a speech translation system (1993)

This paper describes the continuous speech recognition subsystem ATREUS which is used as the speech input stage in the experimental speech translation system ASURA. The speech recognition algorithm is SSS-LR/VFS which consists of context-dependent phone models (HMnet), a generalized LR parser, and vector field smoothing for speaker / environment adaptation.
A History of Learning Communities Within American Higher Education (2015)

This chapter describes the historical development of learning communities within American higher education. We examine the forces both internal and external to higher education that contributed to and stalled the emergence of learning communities in their contemporary form.
The Rho inhibitor p190RhoGAP controls VEGFR2 transcription and angiogenesis in vitro through antagonism between GATA2 and TFII‐I (2008)

Angiogenesis can be controlled by mechanical interactions between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) mediated by the Rho GTPase signaling pathway, as well as by the soluble angiogenic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that stimulates capillary blood vessel development by binding VEGFR2 receptors on the endothelial cell surface. Here we show that the Rho inhibitor, p190RhoGAP, regulates angiogenesis by controlling VEGFR2 expression, and that it produces this effect by modulating cross antagonism between two transcription factors ‐ TFII‐I and GATA2 – that regulate VEGFR2 transcription. p190Rho GAP binds to both TFII‐I and GATA2, and sequesters them in the cytoplasm, thereby preventing VEGFR2 expression . TFII‐I decreases VEGFR2 promoter activity and expression as well as migration and capillary tube formation by human microvascular endothelial cells, whereas GATA2 produces the opposite effects, and antagonizes TFII‐I. Thus, the balance between TFII‐I and GATA2 appears to be critical for regulation of vascular network formation, and it appears to be controlled by p190RhoGAP that can sense both chemical and mechanical cues in the tissue microenvironment. (Supported by NIH)
Finding and appointing new staff (1997)

Many people involved in selecting staff often have none or very little experience or knowledge of what is involved. A bad appointment can have repercussions for years to come - not just in terms of the cost of the advert and the time spent appointing, but also in terms of the salary paid out and/or the cost of ridding yourself of the person. It can also have repercussions if a person who wasn't appointed feels they weren't given a fair chance. If you follow a few simple steps, it can all be much simpler.
A Tree of shapes for multivariate images (2015)

De nombreuses applications issues de la vision par ordinateur et de la reconnaissance des formes requièrent une analyse de l'image multi-échelle basée sur ses régions. De nos jours, personne ne considérerait une approche orientée « pixel » comme une solution viable pour traiter ce genre de problèmes. Pour répondre à cette demande, la Morphologie Mathématique a fourni des représentations hiérarchiques des régions de l'image telles que l'Arbre des Formes (AdF). L'AdF représente l'image par un arbre d'inclusion de ses lignes de niveaux. L'AdF est ainsi auto-dual et invariant au changement de contraste, ce qui fait de lui une structure bien adaptée aux traitements d'images de haut niveau. Néanmoins, il est seulement défini aux images en niveaux de gris et la plupart des tentatives d'extension aux images multivariées (e.g. en imposant un ordre total «arbitraire ») ne sont pas satisfaisantes. Dans ce manuscrit, nous présentons une nouvelle approche pour étendre l'AdF scalaire aux images multivariées : l'Arbre des Formes Multivarié (AdFM). Cette représentation est une « fusion » des AdFs calculés marginalement sur chaque composante de l'image. On vise à fusionner les formes marginales de manière « sensée » en préservant un nombre maximal d'inclusion. La méthode proposée a des fondements théoriques qui consistent en l'expression de l'AdF par une carte topographique de la variation totale curvilinéaire depuis la bordure de l'image. C'est cette reformulation qui a permis l'extension de l'AdF aux données multivariées. De plus, l'AdFM partage des propriétés similaires avec l'AdF scalaire ; la plus importante étant son invariance à tout changement ou inversion de contraste marginal (une sorte d'auto-dualité dans le cas multidimensionnel). Puisqu'il est évident que, vis-à-vis du nombre sans cesse croissant de données à traiter, nous ayons besoin de techniques rapides de traitement d'images, nous proposons un algorithme efficace qui permet de construire l'AdF en temps quasi-linéaire vis-à-vis du nombre de pixels et quadratique vis-à-vis du nombre de composantes. Nous proposons également des algorithmes permettant de manipuler l'arbre, montrant ainsi que, en pratique, l'AdFM est une structure facile à manipuler, polyvalente, et efficace. Finalement, pour valider la pertinence de notre approche, nous proposons quelques expériences testant la robustesse de notre structure aux composantes non-pertinentes (e.g. avec du bruit ou à faible dynamique) et nous montrons que ces défauts n'affectent pas la structure globale de l'AdFM. De plus, nous proposons des applications concrètes utilisant l'AdFM. Certaines sont juste des modifications mineures aux méthodes employant d'ores et déjà l'AdF scalaire mais adaptées à notre nouvelle structure. Par exemple, nous utilisons l'AdFM à des fins de filtrage, segmentation, classification et de détection d'objet. De ces applications, nous montrons ainsi que les méthodes basées sur l'AdFM surpassent généralement leur analogue basé sur l'AdF, démontrant ainsi le potentiel de notre approche