gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unique single-electron transfers between chemically inert triphenylmethyl radicals and triphenylmethyl anions (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUnique single-electron transfers between chemically inert triphenylmethyl radicals and triphenylmethyl anionsManuel Ballester, Isabel Pascual, and Josep TorresCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 10, 3035–3044Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00297a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00297a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views268Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Systems Prepared from Ag Colloids Laser-Ablated in Chemically Modified Aqueous Media (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSurface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Systems Prepared from Ag Colloids Laser-Ablated in Chemically Modified Aqueous MediaIvana Srnová, Marek Procházka, Blanka Vlčková, Josef Štěpánek, and Petr MalýView Author Information Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, CZ-12840 Prague 2, Czech Republic, Institute of Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, CZ-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic, and Department of Chemical Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, CZ-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic Cite this: Langmuir 1998, 14, 16, 4666–4670Publication Date (Web):July 11, 1998Publication History Received8 July 1997Revised5 May 1998Published online11 July 1998Published inissue 1 August 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la9707540https://doi.org/10.1021/la9707540brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views277Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Ablation,Colloidal particles,Colloids,Solution chemistry,Transmission electron microscopy Get e-Alerts
Dialkylaminoalkyl Diarylthiolacetates (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDialkylaminoalkyl DiarylthiolacetatesR. O. Clinton and U. J. SalvadorCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 10, 2076–2077Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01214a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01214a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views37Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Life Cycle Emissions and Cost of Producing Electricity from Coal, Natural Gas, and Wood Pellets in Ontario, Canada (2009)

The use of coal is responsible for (1)/(5) of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Substitution of coal with biomass fuels is one of a limited set of near-term options to significantly reduce these emissions. We investigate, on a life cycle basis, 100% wood pellet firing and cofiring with coal in two coal generating stations (GS) in Ontario, Canada. GHG and criteria air pollutant emissions are compared with current coal and hypothetical natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) facilities. 100% pellet utilization provides the greatest GHG benefit on a kilowatt-hour basis, reducing emissions by 91% and 78% relative to coal and NGCC systems, respectively. Compared to coal, using 100% pellets reduces NO(x) emissions by 40-47% and SO(x) emissions by 76-81%. At $160/metric ton of pellets and $7/GJ natural gas, either cofiring or NGCC provides the most cost-effective GHG mitigation ($70 and $47/metric ton of CO2 equivalent, respectively). The differences in coal price, electricity generation cost, and emissions at the two GS are responsible for the different options being preferred. A sensitivity analysis on fuel costs reveals considerable overlap in results for all options. A lower pellet price ($100/metric ton) results in a mitigation cost of $34/metric ton of CO2 equivalent for 10% cofiring at one of the GS. The study results suggest that biomass utilization in coal GS should be considered for its potential to cost-effectively mitigate GHGs from coal-based electricity in the near term.
PPM1D430, a Novel Alternative Splicing Variant of the Human PPM1D, can Dephosphorylate p53 and Exhibits Specific Tissue Expression (2008)

PPM1D is a PPM1 type protein phosphatase and is induced in response to DNA damage. PPM1D-deficient mice show defects in spermatogenesis and lymphoid cell functions but the mechanisms underlying these phenotypes remain unknown. In our current study, we identify and characterize an alternative splicing variant (denoted PPM1D430) of human PPM1D at both the mRNA and protein level. PPM1D430 comprises the common 420 residues of the known PPM1D protein (PPM1D605) and contains a stretch of PPM1D430-specific 10 amino acids. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that PPM1D430 mRNA is also induced in response to the genotoxic stress in a p53-dependent manner. In vitro phosphatase analysis and PPM1D430-specific RNA interference analysis further indicated that PPM1D430 can dephosphorylate Ser15 of human p53 both in vitro and in vivo. On the other hand, expression profiling of this gene by RT-PCR analysis of a human tissue cDNA panel revealed that PPM1D430 is expressed exclusively in testes and in leucocytes whereas PPM1D605 is ubiquitous. In addition, PPM1D430 shows a different subcellular localization pattern and protein stability when compared with PPM1D605 under some conditions. Our current findings thus suggest that PPM1D430 may exert specific functions in immune response and/or spermatogenesis.
Ultralow Stress, Thermally Stable Cross-Linked Polymer Films of Polydivinylbenzene (PDVB) (2017)

Although closely related to polystyrene, poly(divinylbenzene) (PDVB) has found limited utility due to the difficulties associated with its synthesis. As a highly cross-linked polymer, PDVB is infusible and insoluble and thus nearly impossible to shape into films by either melt or solvent-based processes. Here, we report the initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) of nearly stress-free, highly transparent, free-standing films of PDVB up to 25 μm thick. Films initially grow under tensile intrinsic stress but become more compressive with thickness and eventually converge to zero-stress values once they reach ≥10 μm in thickness. Upon initial heating, the evaporative loss of unreacted monomer left in the polymer matrix induces between 35 and 45 MPa of tensile stress in the films. Afterward, subsequent heating cycles induce reversible stress and film expansion behaviors. We estimate the degree of cross-linking to be 44%, resulting in high thermal stability (up to 300 °C) and mechanical stiffness (Young's modulus of 5.2 GPa). The low stress combined with high cross-linking makes iCVD PDVB an excellent candidate for protective coatings in harsh environments.
NUEVOS Y ELOCUENTES RESTOS CRANEANOS DE PROBORHYAENA GIGANTEA AMEGHINO, 1897 (MARSUPIALIA, BORHYAENIDAE, PROBORHYAENINAE) DE LA EDAD DESEADENSE. UN EJEMPLO DE COEVOLUCIÓN (1983)

NEW AND ELOQUENT CRANIAL REMAINS OF THE DESEADAN (EARLY OLIGOCENE) Proborhyaena gigantea AMEGHINO, 1897 (MARSUPIALIA, BORHYANIDAE, PROBORHYAENINAE). AN EXAMPLE OF COEVOLUTION. - The most complete remains of tbe Deseadan (Early Oligocene) giant marsupial Proborhyaena gigantea Ameghino, 1897 (Borhyaenidae, Proborhyaeninae ) are described. These remains, together with different remains since long known, allow to recognize for the first time most of the unique carnivore dental adaptations that characterize this peculiar marsupial: (1) short rostrum; (2) C1 hipertrofied, saber-tooth like, but ovoidal in section, not blade-like, (3) c1, unusually enlarged; (4) cheek-teeth series complete: P1,2/P1_2 inserted obliquely, almost transversely; P3/P3 enlarged; M1_3 with reduced protocone and extended shearing metacrist. Suggestively this peculiar carnivorous marsupial coexisted with very large-sized herbivorous (Edentata and ungulates s.l.), and all became extinct simultaneously. The differentiation and extinction of those gigantic predator and herbivores appear to be a conspicuous South American example of coevolution. The extinction of these huge mammals, together with the extinction of many other relatively giant and striking mammals, mark the end of the Deseadan Age, it is interpreted as the effect of decisive climatic-environmental changes, the same that affected similarly the mammal communities all over the world.
Diesel Engine Design Concepts for the 1980s (1979)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper reviews current differential needle valve nozzles as used in the majority of diesels and analyses their limitations. A variable area orifice nozzle is outlined that would correct the limitations of the present designs and give improved performance with lower emissions. Other engine paramenters are also investigated that would lead to improving the diesel. Two engine design concepts are proposed that could provide more that 50 miles per gallon on diesel fuel powering a 4500# car, giving adequate performance with 185 h.p..</div>
Effect of Inhaled Glucocorticoids in Childhood on Adult Height (2012)

The initial decrease in attained height associated with the use of inhaled glucocorticoids in prepubertal children persisted as a reduction in adult height, although the decrease was not progressive or cumulative. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Center for Research Resources; CAMP ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00000575.).
Laser Projection System for Radiotherapy and CT-Guided Biopsy (1990)

We devised a laser projection system combined with a CT scanner and radiotherapy treatment planning computer (CT stimulator). The irradiation field can be projected over a range of 180 degrees on the skin of a patient lying on the CT couch. For CT-guided biopsy, the system can project the skin entry point and needle direction.
Rapid Anionic Micelle-mediated α-Synuclein Fibrillization in Vitro (2003)

Parkinson's disease is characterized by the aggregation of alpha-synuclein into filamentous forms within affected neurons of the basal ganglia. Fibrillization of purified recombinant alpha-synuclein is inefficient in vitro but can be enhanced by the addition of various agents including glycosaminoglycans and polycations. Here we report that fatty acids and structurally related anionic detergents greatly accelerate fibrillization of recombinant alpha-synuclein at low micromolar concentrations with lag times as short as 11 min and apparent first order growth rate constants as fast as 10.4 h-1. All detergents and fatty acids were micellar at active concentrations because of an alpha-synuclein-dependent depression of their critical micelle concentrations. Other anionic surfaces, such as those supplied by anionic phospholipid vesicles, also induced alpha-synuclein fibrillization, with resultant filaments originating from their surface. These data suggest that anionic surfaces presented as micelles or vesicles can serve to nucleate alpha-synuclein fibrillization, that this mechanism underlies the inducer activity of anionic surfactants, and that anionic membranes may serve this function in vivo.
Epidemiology of invasive candidiasis (2010)

The changing epidemiology highlights the need for close monitoring of local incidence, species distribution and susceptibility in order to optimize therapy and outcome.
Microcontroller-based Biopotential Data Acquisition Systems: Practical Design Considerations (2010)

Non-invasive bioimpedance measurements are an important part of routine diagnostic procedures. ECG (Electrocardiograph), EEG (Electroencephalograph), EMG (Electromyography) and EOG (Electrooculograph) measurements are amongst the most common non-invasive measurements used for diagnosis. The advances in microcontroller technology over the past 25 years have resulted in general-purpose, low-cost, low-power devices that can perform many of the operations involved in the measurement, and analysis process. Although the data acquisition system architecture is similar for the different noninvasive biopotential measurements, practical considerations have to be taken into account for each particular biopotential measurement: rate of amplification, filter bandpass frequency, overall bandwidth and Analogue-to-Digital conversion rate. This chapter presents an overview of the electrical characteristics of different biopotential measurements and general data acquisition architecture for portable biopotential measurement equipment. This chapter also addresses the importance of electrical isolation to ensure patient safety while using biopotential measurement equipment. Two case studies are presented: a microcontroller-based EEG data acquisition system for measurement of auditory evoked potentials for diagnosis of hypoacusis and a microcontroller-based ambulatory ECG data acquisition system.
Based on SVM Automatic Measures of Fingerprint Image Quality (2008)

This paper presents a novel method for fingerprint image quality. Five features are extracted from the fingerprint image to analyze the quality and the feature vector is formed from the five features. Then SVM classifier, which can solve small-sample learning problems with good generalization, is trained to classify the fingerprint image. The fingerprint image is separated into one of the three classes, good-quality,medium-quality, or poor-quality. Experimental results on FVC2004 and a private database show that the proposed method is an effective and efficient scheme to measure the quality of the fingerprint image. Our method overcomes the shortcoming that most of existing methods have,considering the correlation of each quality feature as linear.
Optical fibre fluorosensor for cadmium with diethylaminoethyl-Sephadex as a substrate (1995)

An optical fibre fluorosensor for cadmium ion was prepared by immobilizing 8-hydroxy-7-iodoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) Sephadex. Owing to the lowest excited singlet changing from n–π* to π–π*, complexation between cadmium ion and the immobilized reagent resulted in a weakly fluorescent ligand becoming a strongly fluorescent complex. Based on the fluorescence intensity change of the immobilized phase at 505 nm, cadmium ion in solution was determined. The characteristics of the fluorosensor were studied by using both the kinetic and equilibrium methods. As DEAE-Sephadex is a colourless and transparent gel containing diethylaminoethylglucan with a low transfer resistance in water, the fluorosensor reached 90% of the steady-state response in 10 s. The relationship between the response and the logarithm of cadmium ion concentration was linear in the range of 2.0 × 10–7–7.0 × 10–5 mol dm–3. The detection limit for CdII was 8.0 × 10–8 mol dm–3. Using KI solution, the sensing layer saturated by cadmium ion can be regenerated, but the immobilized 8-hydroxy-7-iodo-quinoline-5-sulfonic acid was not destroyed. The results of this study demonstrate that DEAE-Sephadex is a good substrate for an optical fibre fluorosensor for cadmium ion. With appropriate separation it can be applied to the determination of cadmium ion in flour samples.
A feature-based method for traffic anomaly detection (2016)

The wide spread use of GPS-enabled devices facilitates us to sense the movement of vehicles. Detecting anomalous movement behavior on road segments can benefit both drivers and transportation authorities. An important challenge behind this is how to detect these anomalies effectively and timely under large scale of raw GPS trajectories. In this light, we propose a Feature-Based method for Traffic Anomaly Detection (FBTAD). A key observation is that road segments, where these incidents turns up, tend to have their vehicle flow features changed in a short period of time. For example, a traffic accident may immediately and significantly slow down the travel speed on a road segment. In this paper, we first map-match raw trajectories. Then we calculate the road segments' traffic features in each time slot, e.g., 10 minutes, and introduce an offline spatial-temporal index for speeding up the anomaly detection process. Finally, we retrieve anomaly candidates by checking the road segment's traffic flow acceleration based on the index built above, and examine candidates' density change ratio or moving objects' outflow ratio to further infer traffic anomalies. The effectiveness and efficiency of our approach is validated by extensive experimentation. Our evaluations show that the method proposed in this paper is able to detect traffic anomalies more efficiently as well as earlier than the baseline method.
An Improved Shape Contexts Based Ship Classification in SAR Images (2017)

In synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, relating to maritime surveillance studies, the ship has always been the main focus of study. In this letter, a method of ship classification in SAR images is proposed to enhance classification accuracy. In the proposed method, to fully exploit the distinguishing characters of the ship targets, both topology and intensity of the scattering points of the ship are considered. The results of testing the proposed method on a data set of three types of ships, collected via a space-borne SAR sensor designed by the Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IECAS), establish that the proposed method is superior to several existing methods, including the original shape contexts method, traditional invariant moments and the recent approach.
Study on Experimental Simulation of Lightning Strokes (1981)

This study reports on the possibility and the limitation of the experimental simulation of lightning discharges. Discharges in long air gaps with impulse voltages were investigated with multiple techniques. The features of long gap discharges were compared with those of lightning discharges. It is impossible to simulate the whole process of lightning discharges by laboratory experiments with conventional lightning or switching impulses. The possibility of the simulation remains only in the final stage of lightning strokes to the ground. The scale factor was introduced to relate a laboratory spark with the final lightning stroke.
The Combination of CRISPR/Cas9 and iPSC Technologies in the Gene Therapy of Human β-thalassemia in Mice (2016)

β-thalassemia results from point mutations or small deletions in the β-globin (HBB) gene that ultimately cause anemia. The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from the somatic cells of patients in combination with subsequent homologous recombination-based gene correction provides new approaches to cure this disease. CRISPR/Cas9 is a genome editing tool that is creating a buzz in the scientific community for treating human diseases, especially genetic disorders. Here, we reported that correction of β-thalassemia mutations in patient-specific iPSCs using the CRISPR/Cas9 tool promotes hematopoietic differentiation in vivo. CRISPR/Cas9-corrected iPSC-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were injected into sublethally-irradiated NOD-scid-IL2Rg-/- (NSI) mice. HBB expression was observed in these HSCs after hematopoietic differentiation in the NSI mice. Importantly, no tumor was found in the livers, lungs, kidneys, or bone marrow at 10 weeks in the NSI mice after implantation with these HSCs. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that CRISPR/Cas9 successfully corrects β-thalassemia mutations in patient-specific iPSCs. These CRISPR/Cas9-corrected iPSC-derived HSCs express normal HBB in mice without tumorigenic potential, suggesting a safe strategy for personalized treatment of β-thalassemia.