gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural integrity of the glycoprotein IIb and IIIa genes in Glanzmann thrombasthenia patients from Israel (1988)

Glanzmann thrombasthenia is an autosomal recessive disorder of the platelet glycoproteins (GP) IIb and IIIa. These glycoproteins normally serve as receptors for other adhesive glycoproteins, including fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, and fibronectin. Most patients affected by Glanzmann thrombasthenia have low levels of GPIIb and GPIIIa; however, the separate mechanisms responsible for the deficiency in each remain to be determined. cDNA clones coding for the GPIIb and GPIIIa have been recently isolated, and their corresponding genomic sequences have been colocalized to the long arm of chromosome 17. Since a deletional event involving one or both of these structural genes could explain the disease phenotype, we have studied the DNA of two previously well-characterized cohorts of Glanzmann thrombasthenia patients from Israel. We performed Southern analysis with near full- length cDNA probes on genomic DNA obtained from 20 individuals. Four restriction enzyme digests were completed on each DNA sample. The similarity of banding patterns among probands, family members, and controls indicated that there were no major insertions or deletions in either the GPIIb or GPIIIa genes. Thus, the genetic defect in these patients with Glanzmann thrombasthenia is most likely due to either a small change in the nucleotide sequence of the coding region or a defect in the regulatory region of one or both genes.
Grasping in the Wild: Learning 6DoF Closed-Loop Grasping From Low-Cost Demonstrations (2020)

Intelligent manipulation benefits from the capacity to flexibly control an end-effector with high degrees of freedom (DoF) and dynamically react to the environment. However, due to the challenges of collecting effective training data and learning efficiently, most grasping algorithms today are limited to top-down movements and open-loop execution. In this work, we propose a new low-cost hardware interface for collecting grasping demonstrations by people in diverse environments. This data makes it possible to train a robust end-to-end 6DoF closed-loop grasping model with reinforcement learning that transfers to real robots. A key aspect of our grasping model is that it uses “action-view” based rendering to simulate future states with respect to different possible actions. By evaluating these states using a learned value function (e.g., Q-function), our method is able to better select corresponding actions that maximize total rewards (i.e., grasping success). Our final grasping system is able to achieve reliable 6DoF closed-loop grasping of novel objects across various scene configurations, as well as in dynamic scenes with moving objects.
Detection of Pathogenic Mycobacteria Based on Functionalized Quantum Dots Coupled with Immunomagnetic Separation (2011)

Mycobacteria have always proven difficult to identify due to their low growth rate and fastidious nature. Therefore molecular biology and more recently nanotechnology, have been exploited from early on for the detection of these pathogens. Here we present the first stage of development of an assay incorporating cadmium selenide quantum dots (QDs) for the detection of mycobacterial surface antigens. The principle of the assay is the separation of bacterial cells using magnetic beads coupled with genus-specific polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies for heparin-binding hemagglutinin. These complexes are then tagged with anti-mouse biotinylated antibody and finally streptavidin-conjugated QDs which leads to the detection of a fluorescent signal. For the evaluation of performance, the method under study was applied on Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (positive controls), as well as E. coli and Salmonella spp. that constituted the negative controls. The direct observation of the latter category of samples did not reveal fluorescence as opposed to the mycobacteria mentioned above. The minimum detection limit of the assay was defined to 10(4) bacteria/ml, which could be further decreased by a 1 log when fluorescence was measured with a spectrofluorometer. The method described here can be easily adjusted for any other protein target of either the pathogen or the host, and once fully developed it will be directly applicable on clinical samples.
Reliability prediction of PV inverters based on MIL-HDBK-217F N2 (2015)

This paper initially discusses the reliability of a 250W Photovoltaic (PV) micro inverter. Using the bill of materials the reliabilities of the main, gate drive, power supply, current and voltage sensing and microprocessor circuits were investigated, and the failure rate and Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) calculated. The sum of component failure rates equals the complete PV micro inverter failure rate. To account for temperature effects the component failure rate was calculated for each inverter operating temperature, and multiplied by the percentage occurrence of this operating temperature to obtain a weighted failure rate. A similar procedure was used to calculate the failure rate for the main circuits of a 4.6kW & a 4.5kW multi-string inverter. All calculations are based on MIL-17F N2 method.
Photolithography in anisotropically etched grooves (2002)

This paper presents a novel approach for printing patterns into anisotropically etched grooves of silicon wafers or onto other three-dimensional structures. The key to the technology is electrodeposition of photoresist, which yields a nearly conformal polymer coating even on highly textured surfaces. The photosensitivity of the resist is highest for the major mercury lamp emission lines. The resist may therefore be exposed with standard exposure tools reminiscent of microchip fabrication. The deteriorating influence of diffraction effects on image quality upon exposure through a shadow mask is presented together with appropriate countermeasures. Furthermore, a method is proposed to suppress reflections from planes with non-perpendicular incidence of radiation, e.g., sidewalls of anisotropically etched grooves.
Research of six-pole permanent magnet submersible motor design (2011)

The technical problems is analyzed in the paper on the base of the principle of permanent magnet synchronous motor design. According to the special segmented construction of submersible motor, end leakage reactance and the method of skew magnet are respectively investigated. The method of rotor backward fixing for permanent magnet submersible motor is put in. By establishing the finite analysis model of the six-pole permanent magnet submersible motor, the cogging torque is analyzed and the result proves that this method has a positive effect to reduce the cogging torque. Also, CAD software is developed for six-pole permanent magnet submersible motor. In contrast to asynchronous motor, performances of permanent magnet submersible motor gets a better improved.
Benzothiazolyl Guanidines as Antibacterials (1970)

Some new N-p-chlorophenyl-N'-2-(substituted) benzothiazolyl-N''-alkyl guanidines have been synthesized. Several of these including some N p-chlorophenyl-N'-2-(substituted) benzothiazolyl guanidines and N-p-chlorophenyl-N'-2-(substituted) benzothiazolyl-N'-methyl guanidines* have been tested for their antibacterial activities against B. subtilis, S. aureus, S. typhi., E. coli and A. tumefaciens, and also for their antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis (H37Rv).
Transport of sugars via two anomer‐specific sites on mannose–phosphotransferase system in <i>Lactococcus cremoris</i>: In vivo study of mechanism, kinetics, and adaptation (1993)

Glucose uptake in Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris FD1 occurs via the mannose phosphotransferase system (Man-PTS), which is quite unspecific and allows transport of many different sugars and sugar analogues. It was previously shown (Benthin, S., Nielsen, J., Villadsen, J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 40:137-146, 1992) that the kinetics of in vivo glucose uptake in a glucose-limited chemostat culture is best described by assuming that the glucose transport system has two anomer-specific sites with a relative uptake rate of 36% through the alpha-site. In the present study, the existence of anomer-specific sites on Man-PTS is shown by experiments where alpha-glucose, beta-glucose, mannose, and 2-deoxyglucose are added to glucose-limited chemostat cultures. A quantitative description of the competitive uptake of the involved sugars at the two sites is given. In a mannose-limited chemostat culture, the relative glucose flux via the alpha-site is 50%, corresponding to a change toward the equilibrium composition of mannose (68%). Furthermore, when the feed to a mannose-limited chemostat culture is changed to glucose, the rate of change of relative glucose flux through the alpha-site corresponds to constitutive synthesis of Man-PTS with 36% alpha-site stoichiometry in new cells. When N-acetylglucosamine (73% alpha-anomer at equilibrium) is the limiting substrate, the relative glucose flux through the alpha-site is also 48% to 50%. With a feed of alpha-glucose generated enzymatically from nonmetabolizable sucrose the relative glucose flux through the alpha-site can be as high as 78%. Finally, growth in the presence of nonmetabolizable alpha-methylglucoside leads to formation of cells with a relative glucose flux through the alpha-site of 29% to 30%. The adaptation of the flux distribution between the alpha- and beta-site is tentatively explained by the hypothesis that two integral membrane proteins of Man-PTS are involved in this process.
Chromosomal Assignment of Short cDNA Sequences by PCR Using Overlapping and Tailed Short Primers (1994)

Overlapping primers and tailed short primers are effective agents for mapping very short cDNA sequences. By using such primers, human cDNAs as short as 32 nucleotides in length can produce PCR bands. Using these and other primers of ordinary size, 44 cDNAs were assigned to chromosomes, of which 24 were assigned to single chromosomes, and 2 were assigned to two chromosomes and two were assigned to three chromosomes, respectively. Among the 24 cDNAs, all of which matched GenBank entries, 6 cDNAs were observed to map to the same chromosomes as reported previously.
In vitro translation of elastin mRNA and processing of the translated products and the signal sequence of elastin <i>a</i> (1983)

Chick embryo aorta mRNAs were translated in a gel-filtered reticulocyte lysate. The translated products showed two elastin-related proteins (a and b; relative mass approximately 70 000). The translated elastin a protein was separated essentially free of the b protein by centrifugation and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The a protein was then electroeluted from the SDS-polyacrylamide gel and a partial sequence was determined by automated Edman degradation. The NH2-terminal presequence of the elastin a protein is (formula; see text) The assigned sequence is identical to that reported for the b protein. Translation of chick embryo aorta mRNA in the presence of dog pancreas microsomal membranes segregated the a and b proteins into membrane vesicles and cotranslationally cleaved their respective presequences. The processed a and b elastin proteins were isolated together and NH2-terminal proline positions were determined. These are (formula; see text) These proline positions 4 and 8 are identical to those for NH2-terminal sequence for tropoelastin. This suggests that the signal peptidase removes the 24-residue signal peptide and thus directly generates the tropoelastin sequence, with no NH2-terminal prosequence as the intermediate.
A Preamble-Aided Symbol and Frequency Synchronization Scheme for OFDM Systems (2005)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is considered to be an appealing modulation technique for high-speed wireless communication systems owing to its spectral efficiency and robustness against multipath fading. However, an OFDM system is very sensitive to synchronization and a small frequency or timing offset may cause a large intercarrier interference (ICI), leading to a dramatic degradation in system performance. The paper presents an efficient symbol and frequency synchronization scheme for OFDM systems that is compatible with the IEEE 802.16a standard. A timing algorithm is proposed based on the preamble defined in IEEE 802.16a. The conjugate symmetry of the preamble structure is exploited to reduce computational complexity. It is shown that the new scheme not only reduces the estimation error significantly, but also allows for independent symbol synchronization compared to the conventional methods where fine timing usually has to be done after the frequency offset correction.
The human genes for GM-CSF and IL 3 are closely linked in tandem on chromosome 5 (1988)

Abstract As demonstrated by long-range mapping of restriction endonuclease recognition sequences and genomic cloning, we found that the human genes encoding interleukin 3 (IL 3) and granulocyte/macrophage colony- stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are tandemly arrayed on the long arm of chromosome 5, separated by 9 kilobases (kb) of DNA. This close physical linkage of genes with similar structure and biologic function suggests that these cytokines may have evolved from a common ancestral gene. This linkage in evolution of two relatively divergent genes further implies that some of the other lymphokine and cytokine genes that appear to share as much or more sequence similarity than do IL 3 and GM- CSF may be distantly related members of a cytokine gene family.
Research Progress on Fibriuretinin (2014)

As a plant medicine of pure natural developed by China,fibriuretinin is mainly used to treat gynecological inflammation,surgical infection,bacillary dysentery,enteronitis,respiratory infection,urethra infection,eye conjunctivitis,and so on. To provide references for the further development and utilization of fibriuretinin as a new veterinary drug,the recent studies on the extraction and artificial synthesis,detection methods and pharmacological actions on fibriuretinin were summarized in this paper.
An efficient real-time human posture tracking algorithm using low-cost inertial and magnetic sensors (2005)

Real-time accurate human posture tracking in unconstrained environments provides an enabling technology for physicians and other care providers to monitor the movements of their patients in real-life situations. Constructing a posture tracking system with the form factor suitable for human wear requires the development of miniature units that can be attached to the limb segments of interest in an unobtrusive way. Simultaneously, fast algorithms that can produce real-time posture estimates at sufficient rates are needed. In this paper, we focus on the development of efficient and accurate algorithms that compute the human posture information from low-cost miniature inertial and magnetic sensors. We present a new technique that computes posture estimates from the sensor data 23.8 times faster than the most efficient previously proposed technique, and simultaneously increases the accuracy of the estimates.
The Ring Opening Polymerization of Sultones. II. (1970)

サルトン類, 3-ヒドロキシ-1-プロパンスルホン酸サルトン (PS), 4-ヒドロキシ-1-プタンスルホン酸サルトン (BS), そしてトリルサルトン (TS) の開環重合について研究した。PSだけがポリマーを生成したが, 同条件においてBS, TSは重合しなかった。PSの開環重合については, 3級アミン (ピリジン, キノリン) を触媒として用いた場合, 最も重合速度が速くなった。また, 開環重合には平衡状態が認められた。PSの開環重合はアニオン機構と考えられ, PSの開環重合の見かけの活性エネルギーは20.5kcal/molであった。
Monoclonal antibody A2B5, which detects cell surface antigens, binds to ganglioside GT3 (II3 (NeuAc)3LacCer) and to its 9-O-acetylated derivative. (1990)

The monoclonal antibody A2B5 recognizes antigens at the surface of neuronal and glial cells but also at the surface of thymus epithelia and pancreatic islet cells. Although these antigens have been characterized as polysialogangliosides, A2B5 also reacts with other unidentified gangliosides. In order to characterize further the epitope of A2B5, two new ganglioside antigens isolated from chicken brain are identified in this study. One is the ganglioside NeuAc alpha 2-8NeuAc alpha 2-8NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1ceramide (GT3) and the other is a 9-O-acetylated derivative of GT3). This derivative was purified from 10-day embryonic chicken brain. Acetyl groups substituted on sialic acid were removed either by alkali treatment or by incubation with influenza virus C, which contains receptor-destroying enzyme (a neuraminidate 9-O-acetyl esterase). The product of alkali treatment or viral action was detected by the antibody 18B8 which is specific for GT3. The deacetylated product still reacts with A2B5. These data and the results of mild oxidation of the antigen with sodium periodate suggest that the epitope recognized by antibody A2B5 contains the trisialyl structure found in GT3 but does not include the polyalcohol chain of the terminal sialic acid which can be oxidized by periodate or acetylated without modifying the affinity for the antibody. The epitope recognized by A2B5 is different from the epitope recognized by the antibody 18B8 in that 18B8 requires the three sialic acids with an intact and unsubstituted polyalcohol chain. Antibody 18B8 does not bind to 9-O-acetylated GT3 or GT3 oxidized by sodium periodate.
Study on High Efficiency Operation-Conditions of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and its System Evaluation. (1998)

メタンを燃料とする1MW固体酸化物燃料電池 (SOFC) のセル, モジュール及びシステムの設計を行った.広い作動温度, スチームカーボン比 (S/C) 条件範囲における出力特性を明らかにし, システムを投入コスト, エネルギーの観点から評価を行った.過電圧, 電解質抵抗の値としては現在1000℃で得られている値が低温でも得られるとしてSOFC発電特性値を計算した.熱力学データをもとに計算した発電効率は, 低温作動になるほど高い値となった.低温化による安価材料の使用, 装置小型化, 燃料原単位の向上により, コスト, エネルギーペイバックタイム (CPT, EPT) は短縮されることが明らかになった.また, 低S/C作動もCPT, EPTの低減に重要であることがわかった.評価の結果, SOFCシステムの実現のためにはS/C=1.0～1.5で800℃以下の作動条件を目標にすればよいことが明らかになった.
IP testing - the future differentiator? (2004)

Testing of processors and mixed signal IP require large number of functional vectors to assure high coverage. Built-in-test features helps to reduce the vector count and increase coverage. Building bit error rate test capability and jitter test capability into the SerDes logic reduce the requirement for very expensive equipment to test these parameters. Power requirements for testing is larger than power requirements for functional operation. Testing in an SoC environment requires careful planning on the part of the IP integrator and careful attention to DFT on the part of the IP provider.
Suppression of intra-articular responses to interleukin-1 by transfer of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene to synovium. (1994)

We have developed an ex vivo method for delivering genes to the synovial lining of joints and expressing them intra-articularly. The present studies were designed to determine whether transfer of a human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IRAP) gene by this method was able to antagonize the intra-articular actions of interleukin-1. Intra-articular injections of human recombinant interleukin-1 beta (hrIL-1 beta) into the knees of control rabbits provoked a marked leukocytic infiltrate into the joint space, severe synovial thickening and hypercellularity, and loss of proteoglycans from articular cartilage. Genetically modified knees contained several nanograms of human IRAP and inhibited each of these effects of IL-1 beta. These data demonstrate for the first time that delivery of an appropriate gene to joints can prevent intra-articular pathology. Such findings permit cautious optimism about the eventual development of a gene treatment for arthritis and other disorders of the joint.
Impact of MegaSonic process conditions on PRE and sub-resolution assist feature damage (2008)

The use of MegaSonic energy is widely accepted in photomask cleaning. For the advanced technology nodes, beyond 65nm, the problem of damaged sub resolution assist features (SRAF) becomes highly prevalent. Such feature damages are often related to the application of MegaSonic energy. We investigated the influence of common cleaning media and MegaSonic parameters for damaging SRAF patterns. A special option of our cleaning tool was utilized to test a large number of different settings with low resources for test mask and defect inspections. In this paper we will present the results of our investigations and present conditions for MegaSonic cleaning which will enable the wide use of this technology beyond the 45nm technology node.
Reorganizing fingerprint information using intersection technique for RFID-based indoor localization system (2014)

Fingerprint information in a database is very important for indoor localization. A good database can provide good estimation results. Meanwhile, the difficult of providing a good database is the complexity of information recording process. The estimated location of the target can be obtained using the fingerprint information in the database and the observed information. In this paper, the reorganization of fingerprint information in the database is considered. Since the process of recording is complex and time consuming, the solution of this problem is using intersection technique. This technique creates a new information instead of fingerprint information in real recording process. The results shows that the proposed technique has better location estimation compared with the old database since the average error distance is less than the gap between tags (fingerprint locations).
Plasma Concentrations of Desethyl N-Acetylprocainamide in Patients Treated with Procainamide and N-Acetylprocainamide (1981)

We describe a method for routinely measuring plasma concentrations of procainamide (PA), N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA) and desethyl N-acetylprocainamide (NAPADE) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The method has been used together with mass spectrometry of the appropriate chromatographic fraction to demonstrate that NAPADE is a metabolite of NAPA. In addition, comparison of NAPADE concentrations in the plasma of patients receiving PA and NAPA indicates that NAPA is not an intermediate for most of the NAPADE formed from PA. We propose that the principal route of NAPADE formation from PA occurs by initial dealkylation to form rho-amino-N-[2-(ethylamino)ethyl]benzamide (PADE), a hypothetical PA metabolite that has yet to be identified.U