gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Strengthening, stiffening and repair of concrete structures (1981)

A survey is made of techniques for strengthening, stiffening and repairing concrete structures. Such corrective work on existing structures depends for its success on proper planning, and in particular on careful structural assessment. A systematic approach to assessment is suggested, in which the key steps are inspection, diagnosis and prognosis (i.e. Assessment of structural adequacy). A detailed diagnostic chart is presented as an aid to diagnosis. Methods for strengthening, stiffening and repairing members and assemblages are briefly described, and references are given for further specialised techniques. (Author/TRRL)
Remote Signatures for e‐Government: The Case of Municipal Certification in Italy (2013)

Italian e‐Government projects since 2000 have been functional to implementing at the national level the objectives set out in the Lisbon Agenda, eEurope 2002, eEurope 2004, i2010, and the European Digital Agenda. The European context has to be gauged to the peculiarities of the Italian administrative system. The latter suffers from structural weaknesses, scattered and fragmented interventions, poor rationalization of public spending, working conditions often undermined by external factors, and difficult social situations. So innovation in the Italian public sector is not merely the sum of all smart technological factors but is rather achieved by integrating organizational processes and traditional best practices, which often need to be redesigned in light of the possibilities afforded by new tools, and it must also be supported by a strong regulatory framework. Several municipalities (such as Ravenna) are pursuing the objective of computerizing and automating their services with a view to implementing e‐Government services, and in a scenario where not all the administrative government agencies are at the same level of innovation, traditional and paper services need to be managed in combination with paperless e‐services. This work focuses on how online registry office certificatess, can be issued and delivered, how these documents should be presented to other administrative government agencies that rely on paper, and how they can be made to have legal validity using a digital seal. We will key in on five critical questions that came up in the course of implementation.
High aspect ratio wrinkles on a soft polymer (2010)

Instability of a stiff thin film attached to a compliant substrate often leads to the emergence of exquisite wrinkles with length scales that depend on the system geometry and applied stresses. These patterns have vast potential applications including in tissue engineering, flexible electronics and the semiconductor industry. However, one of the limiting factors in the usage of these patterns is the low amplitude/wavelength ratio that can be achieved using the current surface engineering techniques. Here, we present an effective method that allows the creation of wrinkles with an amplitude/wavelength aspect ratio as large as 2.5 on a soft polymer. In this method, first, the surface of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is pre-patterned using an Ar ion beam. Then, an amorphous carbon film gets deposited on the pre-patterned polymeric surface using glancing angle deposition (GLAD). We show that the amplitude of the created patterns can be varied between several nm to submicron size by changing the carbon deposition time, allowing us to harness patterned polymeric substrates for a variety of applications. Specifically, we demonstrate a potential application of the high aspect ratio wrinkles for changing the surface optical band gap.
Subunit structure of factor VIII antigen synthesized by cultured human endothelial cells. (1975)

Cultured human endothelial cells were labeled with (3H)leucine, and the radioactive Factor VIII antigen present in the postculture medium was isolated by double anitbody immunoprecipitation and characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after reduction with dithiothreitol. The Factor VIII antigen synthesized by cultured endothelial cells was found to contain the same single polypeptide subunit (mol wt 225,000) present in plasma Factor VIII antigen. These results suggest that in vivo, the endothelial cell is a major site of synthesis of circulating Factor VIII antigen.
Reference-Guided Deep Super-Resolution via Manifold Localized External Compensation (2018)

The rapid development of social network and online multimedia technology makes it possible to address traditional image and video enhancement problems, with the aid of online similar reference data. In this paper, we tackle the problem of super-resolution (SR) in this way, specifically aiming to handle the “one-to-many” problem between the image patches of low resolution (LR) and high resolution (HR). We propose a manifold localized deep external compensation (MALDEC) network to additionally utilize reference images, i. e., retrieved similar images in cloud database and reference HR frame in a video, to provide an accurate localization and mapping to the HR manifold, and compensate the lost high-frequency details. The proposed network employs a three-step recovery: 1) internal structure inference, which uses the LR image itself and the internally inferred high frequency information to preserve main structure of the HR image; 2) manifold localization, which localizes the HR manifold and constructs the correspondence between the internal inferred image and the external images; and 3) external compensation, which introduces the external references of retrieved similar patches based on manifold localization information to reconstruct the high-frequency details. The learnable components of MALDEC, internal structure inference, and external compensation, are trained jointly to make a good tradeoff between these two terms for an optimal SR result. Finally, the proposed method is examined under three tasks: cloud-based image SR, multi-pose face reconstruction, and reference frame-guided video SR. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of our method than the state-of-the-art SR methods in both objective and subjective evaluations, and our method offers new state-of-the-art performance.
Fluid Mechanics of Airflow over Hills: Turbulence, Fluxes, and Waves in the Boundary Layer (1990)

Recent developments in the understanding of turbulent airflow over hills and complex terrain are described. We first review linear calculations for the mean flow over isolated hills including the effects of different wind and stratification profiles upstream, and variations in surface roughness. This approach is extended to model flow over complex terrain and is contrasted with other numerical developments. The turbulence structure is also examined with a simple linear approach that is used to calculate how length scales, variances, and spectra vary over hills. More sophisticated modeling is required near the top of the inner layer where rapid distortion, curvature, and nonlinear interaction all combine in determining the structure. Finally, we discuss the dispersion and deposition of particles over hills, considering both thin plumes and plumes far from their source that are well mixed in the boundary layer.
Switching the Cell Cycle. Kip-Related Proteins in Plant Cell Cycle Control (2005)

During the development of multicellular organisms, many different cell types are created. These display characteristic cell cycle programs that can radically change during the organism's lifetime ([Jakoby and Schnittger, 2004][1]; [Fig. 1][2]). Usually, in younger and less differentiated tissues, a
Gate length dependent polysilicon depletion effects (2002)

Degradation of MOS gate capacitance in the inversion region becomes worse as the gate length is scaled down, according to a new experiment. Namely, the polysilicon depletion effect has gate length dependence. The origin of this gate length-dependent polydepletion effect has been modeled and verified by using device simulation. As a result, the gradient of dopant distribution resulting from ion implantation is shown to be an additional potential drop in the polygate. In addition, the enlarged depletion width at the gate sidewall can worsen the polydepletion effect for very-small MOSFETs.
Weathering Trials of Amulet Cue-Lure and Amulet Methyl Eugenol “Attract-and-Kill” Stations with Male Melon Flies and Oriental Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Hawaii (2005)

Amulet C-L (cue-lure) and Amulet ME (methyl eugenol) molded paper fiber "attract-and-kill" dispensers containing fipronil were tested under Hawaiian weather conditions against Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (melon fly) and Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (oriental fruit fly), respectively. In paired tests (fresh versus weathered), C-L dispensers were effective for at least 77 d, whereas ME dispensers were effective for at least 21 d. Thus, C-L dispensers exceeded, whereas ME dispensers did not meet the label interval replacement recommendation of 60 d. Addition of 4 ml of ME to 56-d-old ME dispensers restored attraction and kill for an additional 21 d. This result suggested the fipronil added at manufacture was still effective. By enclosing and weathering ME dispensers inside small plastic bucket traps, longevity of ME dispensers was extended up to 56 d. Fipronil ME and C-L dispensers also were compared, inside bucket traps, to other toxicants: spinosad, naled, DDVP, malathion, and permethrin. Against B. dorsalis, fipronil ME dispensers compared favorably only up to 3 wk. Against B. cucurbitae, fipronil C-L dispensers compared favorably for at least 15 wk. Our results suggest that fipronil C-L dispensers can potentially be used in Hawaii; however, fipronil ME dispensers need to be modified or protected from the effects of weathering to extend longevity and meet label specifications. Nonetheless, Amulet C-L and ME dispensers are novel prepackaged formulations containing C-L or ME and fipronil that are more convenient and safer to handle than current liquid insecticide formulations used for areawide suppression of B. dorsalis and B. cucurbitae in Hawaii.
Combining vector-phase coronagraphy with dual-beam polarimetry (2014)

Utilizing the so-called vector phase of polarized light, both focal-plane coronagraphs (e.g. the Vector Vortex Coronagraph) and pupil-plane coronagraphs (e.g. the vector Apodizing Phase Plate) are powerful components for high-contrast imaging. These coronagraphs can be built and optimized with polarization techniques and liquid crystal technology, that enable patterning at the micron level and furnish broad-band performance. The contrast between the residual starlight and the (polarized) reflected light off exoplanets can be further bridged by incorporating sensitive, dual-beam imaging polarimetry. As vector-phase coronagraphs use polarizers to enhance their performance, we introduce optimally integrated solutions that combine advanced coronagraphy and polarimetry. For both the VVC and the vAPP we present polarization beam-splitting concepts, with polarization analyzers either behind or in front of the coronagraphic optics. We discuss design solutions for the implementation of polarization optics, and set the stage for a trade-off between the improvement of coronagraphic and polarimetric performance and the ensuing degradation on the high-contrast imaging performance due to wavefront errors.
3-1 Fabrication of a Multi-layered In-plane Thermoelectric Module and its Evaluation (2011)

We fabricated a multi-layered in-plane thermoelectric modules using bismuth telluride (Bi_2Te_3) as a power supply for electric micro-devices, and evaluated those performances. The thermoelectric semiconductor can convert thermal energy into electricity directly without any moving parts. In this study, we made a multi-layered in-plane thermoelectric module with thin film insulator and thermoelectric thin films. Bi_2Te_3 thin films were deposited on a SiN_x thin film by a flash evaporation method through shadow masks. The output voltages and powers of the fabricated modules were measured while simply heating the bottom of the modules. The output power is increased due to the decreased electrical resistance of the proposed multi-layered thermoelectric module.
Endovascular stenting of veins and grafts: preliminary clinical experience. (1988)

Stenotic lesions of veins and bypass grafts are often difficult to dilate and have a high frequency of recurrence. In an effort to provide an endoluminal mechanical support, the new concept of transluminal vascular stenting was applied in four patients with stenoses of nonarterial vessels, including two with postoperative venous stenoses, one with a stenosed mesenteric artery graft anastomosis, and one with a long stenosis of the basilic vein distal to a hemodialysis shunt graft. All four were successfully treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty followed by endovascular stenting. All but one of the stented segments were patent, with no significant restenosis after a follow-up of 4 1/2-12 months. There have been previous reports of transluminal vascular stenting in the arterial system, and the preliminary results from this study suggest that endovascular stenting also may play an important role in the treatment of venous and graft stenoses. However, further follow-up and careful patient selection will have to be done to establish the long-term benefit of this new procedure.
Synchronization in a semiclassical Kuramoto model (2014)

Synchronization is a ubiquitous phenomenon occurring in social, biological, and technological systems when the internal rythms of their constituents are adapted to be in unison as a result of their coupling. This natural tendency towards dynamical consensus has spurred a large body of theoretical and experimental research in recent decades. The Kuramoto model constitutes the most studied and paradigmatic framework in which to study synchronization. In particular, it shows how synchronization appears as a phase transition from a dynamically disordered state at some critical value for the coupling strength between the interacting units. The critical properties of the synchronization transition of this model have been widely studied and many variants of its formulations have been considered to address different physical realizations. However, the Kuramoto model has been studied only within the domain of classical dynamics, thus neglecting its applications for the study of quantum synchronization phenomena. Based on a system-bath approach and within the Feynman path-integral formalism, we derive equations for the Kuramoto model by taking into account the first quantum fluctuations. We also analyze its critical properties, the main result being the derivation of the value for the synchronization onset. This critical coupling increases its value as quantumness increases, as a consequence of the possibility of tunneling that quantum fluctuations provide.
New cross-aldol reactions. Reactions of silyl enol ethers with carbonyl compounds activated by titanium tetrachloride (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew cross-aldol reactions. Reactions of silyl enol ethers with carbonyl compounds activated by titanium tetrachlorideTeruaki Mukaiyama, Kazuo Banno, and Koichi NarasakaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 24, 7503–7509Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00831a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00831a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7556Altmetric-Citations744LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Restriction of T‐cell receptor repertoires in idiopathic CD4<sup>+</sup> lymphocytopenia (2000)

We report that alpha/beta and gamma/delta T-cell repertoires of three patients with idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia, who showed different clinical manifestations and outcomes over time, were highly restricted. The disruption of T-cell repertoires does not influence the susceptibility to infections: the first patient was unable to attain a protective response to mycobacterium, the second showed clinical improvement and the third did not develop opportunistic infections. These results indicate that idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia could give rise to mono-/oligoclonal T-cell expansions, but the degree of repertoire disturbance is not indicative of the severity of disease progression.
A survey of cognitive radio access to TV White Spaces (2009)

Cognitive radio is being intensively researched as the enabling technology for secondary access to the so-called TV White Spaces (TVWS), large portions of spectrum in the UHF/VHF bands which become available on a geographical basis after digital switchover. Both in the US, and more recently, in the UK the regulators have given conditional endorsement to this new mode of access. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in technology, regulation and standardisation of cognitive access to TVWS. It examines the spectrum opportunity and commercial use cases associated with this form of secondary access.
Noninvasive, <i>in vivo</i> imaging of the mouse brain using photoacoustic microscopy (2009)

Noninvasive, high resolution imaging of mouse brain activity is poised to provide clinically translatable insights into human neurological disease progression. Toward noninvasive imaging of brain activity through the hemodynamic response, the dark-field photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) technique was enhanced to image the cortex vasculature of the mouse brain in vivo using endogenous hemoglobin contrast. Specifically, the PAM system was redesigned to efficiently collect photoacoustic waves originating from cortical vessels, providing high (70 mum lateral and 54 mum axial) resolution images of the mouse brain vasculature with a contrast-to-noise ratio of 25 dB. These findings confirm the efficacy of PAM to noninvasively image vascular structures in the mouse brain and the potential to image mouse brain function by tracking the hemodynamic response.
Adsorption behavior of reactive dyes from aqueous solutions on chitosan (1997)

The capability of the use of chitosan for removing vinyl sulfone and chlorotriazine reactive dyes from aqueous solutions was examined, including equilibrium and dynamic studies. Experiments were performed as a function of dye concentration, and the amount and particle size of chitosan. It was shown that the adsorption capacities of chitosan were comparatively high for the three investigated dyes. The equilibrium data could be best fitted by the Redlich–Peterson equation over the entire concentration range (50–500 g m−3). A comparison of the adsorption capacity among such adsorbents as chitin and powdered activated carbon was made. Two rate parameters were finally obtained to describe the adsorption process on a quantitative basis. These parameters could be well correlated to the amount and particle size of dry chitosan. ©1997 SCI
Combination therapy with 2‐difluoromethylornithine and a polyamine transport inhibitor against murine squamous cell carcinoma (2005)

Using a recently developed autochthonous mouse model of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), a combination therapy targeting polyamine metabolism was evaluated. The therapy combined 2-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), and MQT 1426, a polyamine transport inhibitor. In 1 trial lasting 4 weeks, combination therapy with 0.5% DFMO (orally, in the drinking water) and MQT 1426 (50 mg/kg i.p., bid) was significantly more effective than with either single agent alone when complete tumor response was the endpoint. In the combination group, 72% of SCCs responded completely vs. 21 and 0% for DFMO and MQT 1426, respectively. A second trial involved a 4-week treatment period followed by 6 weeks off-treatment. With apparent cures as an endpoint, combination therapy was again more effective than either agent alone: a 50% apparent cure rate was observed in the combination group vs. 7.7% in the DFMO group. MQT 1426 had no inhibitory effect on SCC ODC activity nor did it enhance the inhibition by DFMO, but SCC polyamine levels declined more rapidly when treated with combination therapy vs. DFMO alone. The apoptotic index in SCCs was transiently increased by combination therapy but not by DFMO alone. Thus, targeting both polyamine biosynthesis and polyamine transport from the tumor microenvironment enhances the efficacy of polyamine-based therapy in this mouse model of SCC.
Critical Solution Temperatures for Ten Different Non-CFC Refrigerants with Fourteen Different Lubricants (1994)

Miscibility data are needed to determine the suitability of refrigerant-lubricant combinations for use in refrigeration systems. A new method for obtaining refrigerant-lubricant miscibility data has been developed, and miscibility data have been obtained for a variety of non-CFC refrigerants and their potential lubricants. The refrigerants include R22, R32, R123, R124, R125, R134, R134a, R142b, R143a and R152a. The lubricants consist of mineral oils, alkylbenzenes, polyglycols and polyolesters with varying viscosities. The miscibility tests were performed in a test facility consisting of a series of miniature test cells submerged in a constant temperature bath. Results are given.
Dynamic right-sizing in FTP (drsFTP): Enhancing Grid performance in user-space (2003)

With the advent of computational grids, networking performance over the wide-area network (WAN) has become a critical component in the grid infrastructure. Unfortunately, many high-performance grid applications only use a small fraction of the available bandwidth because operating systems and their associated protocol stacks are still tuned for yesterdays WAN speeds. As a result, network gurus undertake the tedious process of manually, tuning system buffers to allow TCP flow control to scale to today's WAN grid environments. Although recent research has shown how to set the size of these system buffers automatically at connection set-up, the buffer sizes are only appropriate at the beginning of the connection's lifetime. To address these problems, we describe an automated and scalable technique called dynamic right-sizing. We implement this technique in user space (in particular for bulk-data transfer) so that end users do not have to modify the kernel to achieve a significant increase in throughput.