gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Intramammary Injection of RbIL‐8 on Milk Levels of Somatic Cell Count, Chemiluminescence Activity and Shedding Patterns of Total Bacteria and<i>S. aureus</i>in Holstein Cows with Naturally Infected‐subclinical Mastitis (2005)

Summary The effect of intramammary injection of recombinant bovine interleukin‐8 (rbIL‐8, 1 mg/10 ml of saline) on quarter milk levels of somatic cell count (SCC), chemiluminescence (CL) activity and counts of total bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) was investigated, using 10 Holstein cows with an early stage or a late stage of subclinical mastitis naturally infected with S. aureus . In the late‐stage group, milk SCC and CL activity had significant rises with maximum levels at 6 h, following maintained high levels thereafter post‐cytokine injection. The counts in milk total bacteria and S. aureus were insignificantly decreased, being increased back on day 7 post‐cytokine injection. Thus, the cytokine was inefficient for the late‐stage subclinical mastitis. However, in the early‐stage group milk SCC and CL activity declined to under pre‐injection levels on day 7 after marked and significant rises at 6 h and day 1 post‐cytokine injection. The milk total bacterial count decreased significantly on days 0.25 and 2. Furthermore, the milk S. aureus count was decreased significantly on days 1, 2, 3 and 7 by the cytokine injection. These results suggest that the rbIL‐8 has a potential as a therapeutic agent of the subclinical mastitis of dairy cows, if the cytokine is applied at an initial stage of infection.
Monitoring pH of otitis media effusion in chinchillas using fluorescence spectroscopy (1995)

We have developed a fiber optic fluorometer to measure fluorescent signal intensities across an epithelium barrier. As a medically relevant example, we have measured the pH of the effusion formed during Hemophilus influenzae induced otitis media infection in the chinchilla, the classical animal model for human middle ear disease. Because the choice of antibiotic used in clinical therapy is dependent on the pH of the effusion, a noninvasive method of measuring pH is highly desirable. Using the fluorescent pH probe carboxy-seminapthorhodafluor, we were able to detect pH changes of 0.15 units in the pH range around 7.0. The development and resolution of the otitis media was followed with magnetic resonance imaging to confirm the presence of the effusion formed during the infection.
Evaluation of an in vitro invasion assay for use on solid tissue samples and cultured cells. (1992)

An invasion assay, developed for monitoring the in vitro penetration of reconstituted basement membrane, matrigel, was modified and successfully applied to solid tumours, normal tissues as well as a variety of normal and tumour cell lines. However, we found that some normal fibroblasts were capable of in vitro invasion whilst some malignant cell lines with invasive capacity in vivo did not penetrate the matrigel. Nevertheless, this method can distinguish invasive capacity within a tumour model, and as a consequence may be used to elucidate some of the biochemical mechanisms in the invasion process comparing cells grown both in vitro and in vivo. Since the method does not always correlate with invasion in vivo the results must be interpreted with caution.
Depression Is Associated with Cognitive Dysfunction in Older Adults with Heart Failure (2011)

Persons with heart failure (HF) frequently exhibit cognitive impairment with deficits in attention and memory. Depression is common in HF though its possible contribution to cognitive impairment is unknown. Cognitive dysfunction and depression may share common mechanisms in HF, as both are associated with similar abnormalities on neuroimaging. A total of 116 participants with HF (68.53 ± 9.30 years) completed a neuropsychological battery and self-report measures of depression. Regression models showed depression incrementally and independently predicted test performance in all cognitive domains. Follow-up partial correlations revealed that greater depressive symptoms were associated with poorer performance on tests of attention, executive function, psychomotor speed, and language. These results indicate that depressive symptoms are associated with poorer cognitive performance in HF though further work is needed to clarify mechanisms for this association and possible cognitive benefits of treating depression in persons with HF.
Integrated CNI terminal software architecture (2003)

The author describes the current architecture and features of the integrated communication-navigation-identification (CNI) family of the integrated avionic systems and how they apply to the Pave Pillar preferred system architecture for the next generation of avionics. The key features are a hierarchically distributed design from the avionics authority (pilot, mission tape/disk, or mission data computer) down through the CNI subsystem and into the line-replaceable modules, infusion of expert-system technology into the integrated built-in test and maintenance segment, and an integration of the resource management and integrated built-in test and maintenance segments at each level of the hierarchy to effect efficient dynamic reconfiguration of the common modules of these systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optimum detection and decoding of multiplicative watermarks in DFT domain (2002)

Digital watermarking is a powerful technique to help protect the intellectual property right as well as the security of multimedia content. Multiplicative watermarks have strong robustness, and are well-suited for the copyright protection. We investigate the optimal detection and decoding of multiplicative watermarks in DFT domain. For a class of non-Gaussian distributions, we derive locally optimum detector structure and extend it to decoding multiple-bit message. In watermark detection, optimal thresholding for given false-alarm rates is derived. The optimal decoding of multiple-bit messages in data hiding is constructed using generalized maximum likelihood estimation. Theoretical results are verified using experiments.
Diosgenin: Recent Highlights on Pharmacology and Analytical Methodology (2016)

Diosgenin, a steroidal sapogenin, occurs abundantly in plants such as <i>Dioscorea alata</i>, <i>Smilax China,</i> and <i>Trigonella foenum graecum</i>. This bioactive phytochemical not only is used as an important starting material for the preparation of several steroidal drugs in the pharmaceutical industry, but has revealed also high potential and interest in the treatment of various types of disorders such as cancer, hypercholesterolemia, inflammation, and several types of infections. Due to its pharmacological and industrial importance, several extraction and analytical procedures have been developed and applied over the years to isolate, detect, and quantify diosgenin, not only in its natural sources and pharmaceutical compositions, but also in animal matrices for pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological studies. Within these, HPLC technique coupled to different detectors is the most commonly analytical procedure described for this compound. However, other alternative methods were also published. Thus, the present review aims to provide collective information on the most recent pharmacological data on diosgenin and on the most relevant analytical techniques used to isolate, detect, and quantify this compound as well.
FungiQuant: A broad-coverage fungal quantitative real-time PCR assay (2012)

FungiQuant has comprehensive coverage against diverse fungi and is a robust quantification and detection tool for delineating between true fungal detection and non-target human DNA.
A unified interprocedural program representation for a maintenance environment (2002)

A unified interprocedural program representation, the unified interprocedural graph (UIG) is presented; it combines the features of existing program representations to permit access to information for modifying, understanding, analyzing, testing and debugging. The algorithms developed for each of these independent graphs are adapted to use this unified representation by identifying the subset of nodes and edges required for that computation. The UIG can be incorporated into a maintenance environment and the associated algorithms used to build program maintenance tools. The authors present a brief overview of the graph representations on which the UIG is based and illustrate them with an example. The algorithms that use these graphs to gather the interprocedural information are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
EGFR signaling is required for the differentiation and maintenance of neural progenitors along the dorsal midline of the <i>Drosophila</i> embryonic head (1998)

EGFR signaling has been shown in recent years to be involved in the determination, differentiation and maintenance of neural and epidermal cells of the ventral midline (mesectoderm and ventromedial ectoderm). Localized activation of the TGFalpha homolog Spitz (Spi) in the mesectoderm is achieved by the products of the genes rhomboid and Star. Spi binds to its receptor, the Drosophila epidermal growth factor receptor homolog (Egfr), and triggers the Ras pathway which is needed for the survival and differentiation of ventral midline cells. The results reported here indicate that EGFR signaling is also required in a narrow medial domain of the head ectoderm (called 'head midline' in the following) that includes the anlagen of the medial brain, the visual system (optic lobe, larval eye) and the stomatogastric nervous system (SNS). We document that genes involved in EGFR signaling are expressed in the head midline. Loss of EGFR signaling results in an almost total absence of optic lobe and larval eye, as well as severe reduction of SNS and medial brain. The cellular mechanism by which this phenotype arises is a failure of neurectodermal cells to differentiate combined with apoptotic cell death. Overactivity of EGFR signaling, as achieved by heat-shock-driven activation of a wild-type rhomboid (rho) construct, or by loss of function of argos (aos) or yan, results in an hyperplasia and deformity of the head midline structures. We show that, beside their requirement for EGFR signaling, head and ventral midline structures share several morphogenetic and molecular properties.
Notizen: Ammoniakadsorption an Silicium (1955)

1,5-Dimethylnaphthalins. Der mit der greren Wechselwirkung der beiden Methylgruppen in der 1,8-Verbindung zu erklrende geringe Unterschied gegen die 1,5-Verbindung entspricht demjenigen zwischen den Verbindungen 2,3-und 2,7-Dimethylnaphthalin. Dieser Unterschied im Spektrum von Verbindungen mit "gleichem" spektroskopischem Moment begrenzt die Brauchbarkeit der Theorie.
Enzymes improve ECF bleaching of pulp (2006)

The delignification efficiency of different laccase enzymes was examined on the eucalyptus Kraft pulp. The laccase enzyme from Trametes versicolor showing the highest delignification efficiency was selected and used in the elemental chlorine-free bleaching sequence for improving the pulp bleachability. A n appreciable reduction in chlorine dioxide consumption was also obtained. Further reduction in chlorine dioxide consumption was obtained when the same laccase treated pulp was subjected to an acid treatment after the extraction stage followed by the DE P D sequence. Elemental-chlorine free bleaching was also performed using the xylanase-laccase treated pulp. Xylanase treatment was incorporated to the laccase mediator system in the elemental-chlorine free bleaching both sequentially and simultaneously. The bleaching sequence DE P D followed and in both the cases, the reduction in chlorine dioxide consumption was greater in comparison to the control. The chlorine dioxide consumption was reduced further when xylanase-laccase treated pulp was given an additional acid treatment. The final pulp properties of the treated pulps were comparable to the control pulp.
Physiology and genetics of methylotrophic bacteria (1990)

Methylotrophic bacteria comprise a broad range of obligate aerobic microorganisms, which are able to proliferate on (a number of) compounds lacking carbon-carbon bonds. This contribution will essentially be limited to those organisms that are able to utilize methanol and will cover the physiological, biochemical and genetic aspects of this still diverse group of organisms. In recent years much progress has been made in the biochemical and genetic characterization of pathways and the knowledge of specific reactions involved in methanol catabolism. Only a few of the genetic loci hitherto found have been matched by biochemical experiments through the isolation or demonstration of specific gene products. Conversely, several factors have been identified by biochemical means and were shown to be involved in the methanol dehydrogenase reaction or subsequent electron transfer. For the majority of these components, their genetic loci are unknown. A comprehensive treatise on the regulation and molecular mechanism of methanol oxidation is therefore presented, followed by the data that have become available through the use of genetic analysis. The assemblage of methanol dehydrogenase enzyme, the role of pyrrolo-quinoline quinone, the involvement of accessory factors, the evident translocation of all these components to the periplasm and the dedicated link to the electron transport chain are now accepted and well studied phenomena in a few selected facultative methylotrophs. Metabolic regulation of gene expression, efficiency of energy conservation and the question whether universal rules apply to methylotrophs in general, have so far been given less attention. In order to expand these studies to less well known methylotrophic species initial results concerning such area as genetic mapping, the molecular characterization of specific genes and extrachromosomal genetics will also pass in review.
FGF receptors 1 and 2 are key regulators of keratinocyte migration <i>in vitro</i> and in wounded skin (2012)

Efficient wound repair is essential for the maintenance of the integrity of the skin. The repair process is controlled by a variety of growth factors and cytokines, and their abnormal expression or activity can cause healing disorders. Here, we show that wound repair is severely delayed in mice lacking fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) 1 and 2 in keratinocytes. As the underlying mechanism, we identified impaired wound contraction and a delay in re-epithelialization that resulted from impaired keratinocyte migration at the wound edge. Scratch wounding and transwell assays demonstrated that FGFR1/2-deficient keratinocytes had a reduced migration velocity and impaired directional persistence owing to inefficient formation and turnover of focal adhesions. Underlying this defect, we identified a significant reduction in the expression of major focal adhesion components in the absence of FGFR signaling, resulting in a general migratory deficiency. These results identify FGFs as key regulators of keratinocyte migration in wounded skin.
Doppler echocardiography and myocardial dyssynchrony: a practical update of old and new ultrasound technologies (2007)

Morbidity and mortality rates are higher in patients with severe left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and ECG-derived prolonged QRS interval than in those with normal QRS duration. QRS duration is currently used on the grounds that it reflects the presence of ventricular dyssynchrony. However, 30-40% of patients selected on the basis of a prolonged QRS do not receive benefit by cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) since they do not show any significant inverse LV remodeling and QRS duration does not accurately distinguish responders to CRT. Consequently, mechanical dyssynchrony (particularly intra-ventricular dyssynchrony) seems to be much more important than electrical dyssinchrony. Pre- and post-echocardiographic assessment should require the combination of conventional and specific applications ranging from M-mode and pulsed/continuous Doppler, to pulsed Tissue Doppler, the off-line analysis of colour Tissue Velocity Imaging, Strain Rate Imaging, and real time three-dimensional reconstruction However, there is not no consensus about the best approach and the best ultrasound parameter for selecting candidates to CRT and ECG representation of abnormal cardiac conduction still remains as the main criterion in guidelines. This review is a practical update of ultrasound methods and measurements of atrio-ventricular, inter-ventricular and intra-ventricular dyssynchrony and describes experiences which used either conventional Doppler echocardiography and more advanced techniques. By these experiences, the global amount of LV dyssynchrony seems to be critical: the greater intra-ventricular dyssynchrony, the higher the possibility of significant LV inverse remodeling. After CRT, it is necessary also to evaluate the optimal atrio-ventricular delay and ventricular-ventricular delay setting that maximizes LV systolic function.
EmoCat: Language-agnostic Emotional Voice Conversion (2021)

Emotional voice conversion models adapt the emotion in speech without changing the speaker identity or linguistic content. They are less data hungry than text-to-speech models and allow to generate large amounts of emotional data for downstream tasks. In this work we propose EmoCat, a language-agnostic emotional voice conversion model. It achieves high-quality emotion conversion in German with less than 45 minutes of German emotional recordings by exploiting large amounts of emotional data in US English. EmoCat is an encoder-decoder model based on CopyCat, a voice conversion system which transfers prosody. We use adversarial training to remove emotion leakage from the encoder to the decoder. The adversarial training is improved by a novel contribution to gradient reversal to truly reverse gradients. This allows to remove only the leaking information and to converge to better optima with higher conversion performance. Evaluations show that Emocat can convert to different emotions but misses on emotion intensity compared to the recordings, especially for very expressive emotions. EmoCat is able to achieve audio quality on par with the recordings for five out of six tested emotion intensities.
Failure of orally administered dipyridamole to enhance the antineoplastic activity of fluorouracil in combination with leucovorin in patients with advanced colorectal cancer: a prospective randomized trial. (1995)

Orally administered DP did not improve the antineoplastic activity of 5-FU/FA in patients with advanced colorectal cancer when used at this dose and schedule. The observed increase in 5-FU dose-intensity for FU/FA/DP was not clinically relevant.
Short Notices (1979)

Journal Article Short Notices Get access PHILIP WIGLEY PHILIP WIGLEY University of Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XCIV, Issue CCCLXX, January 1979, Page 220, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XCIV.CCCLXX.220 Published: 01 January 1979
Improving access to psychological therapies in primary care (2008)

John Hague argues that the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme will, for the first time, offer a realistic prospect of effective treatment other than medication for patients with anxiety and depression
Multi-resolution image inpainting (2003)

Digital inpainting is an image interpolation mechanism, which can automatically restore damaged or partially removed image. Most inpainting mechanisms use a singular resolution approach on the extrapolation or interpolation of pixels. We propose a multi-resolution algorithm, which can take into consideration the different levels of details. The algorithm was tested on 1000 still images, with an evaluation showing the effectiveness of our approach. The demonstration of our work is available at: http://www.mine.tku.edu.tw/demos/inpaint.
Identification of a plasma metabolomic signature of thrombotic myocardial infarction that is distinct from non-thrombotic myocardial infarction and stable coronary artery disease (2017)

We have identified a candidate metabolic signature that differentiates acute thrombotic MI from quiescent state after MI, from acute non-thrombotic MI, and from stable CAD. Further validation of these metabolites is warranted given their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for the prevention or treatment of acute MI.
Common Neural Substrates for the Addictive Properties of Nicotine and Cocaine (1997)

Regional brain activation was assessed by mapping of Fos-related protein expression in rats trained to self-administration of intravenous nicotine and cocaine. Both drugs produced specific overlapping patterns of activation in the shell and the core of the nucleus accumbens, medial prefrontal cortex, and medial caudate areas, but not in the amygdala. Thus, the reinforcing properties of cocaine and nicotine map on selected structures of the terminal fields of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system, supporting the idea that common substrates for these addictive drugs exist.
Characterizations of Hf<sub>x</sub>Mo<sub>y</sub>N<sub>z</sub> Alloys as Gate Electrodes for n- and p-Channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (2008)

In this article, the work functions (Φm) of hafnium–molybdenum (HfxMoy) alloys were modified using nitrogen in dc reactive cosputtering for the first time. The HfxMoyNz alloys show low resistivity and excellent thermal stability up to 900 °C. In addition, the work functions (Φm) of the HfxMoyNz alloys were tuned from the conduction band (4.17 eV) to the valence band (5.16 eV) by increasing the nitrogen flow ratio. From the X-ray diffraction (XRD) data, the MoN(200) peak can be observed for samples with a nitrogen ratio higher than 6%, which was responsible for the work function (Φm) increase in the HfxMoyNz alloys.
IGF‐1 protects oligodendrocyte progenitors against TNFα‐induced damage by activation of PI3K/Akt and interruption of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway (2007)

Proinflammatory cytokine-mediated injury to oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) has been proposed as a cause of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), the most common brain injury found in preterm infants. Preventing death of OPCs is a potential strategy to prevent or treat PVL. In the current study, we utilized an in vitro cell culture system to investigate the effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha)-induced OPC injury and the possible mechanisms involved. OPCs were isolated from neonatal rat optic nerves and cultured in chemically defined medium (CDM) supplemented with platelet-derived growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. Exposure to TNFalpha resulted in death of OPCs. IGF-1 protected OPCs from TNFalpha cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner as measured by the XTT and TUNEL assays. IGF-1 activates both the PI3K/Akt and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. However, IGF-1-enhanced cell survival signals were mediated by the PI3K/Akt, but not by the ERK pathway, as evidenced by the observation that IGF-1-enhanced cell survival was partially abrogated by Akti, the Akt inhibitor, or wortmannin, the PI3K inhibitor, but not by PD98,059, the MAPK kinase/ERK kinase inhibitor. The downstream events of IGF-1-triggered survival signals included phosphorylation of BAD, blockade of TNFalpha-induced translocation of Bax from the cytosol to the mitochondrial membrane, and suppression of caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation. These observations indicate that the protection of OPCs by IGF-1 is mediated, at least partially, by interruption of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway via activation of PI3K/Akt.