gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of Human Soluble CD40 Ligand in Pichia pastoris and Its Effects on Dendritic Cells and Malignant B Cells. (2000)

CD40 ligand (CD40L) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily and is expressed primarily on the activated CD4( )T lymphocytes. The CD40 molecule, the cognate receptor of CD40L presents on many immunocytes such as B lymphocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) as well as on some neoplastic cells. Triggering of CD40 through CD40L plays a central role in the initiation and regulation of the human immune response. In order to further investigate the possible biological roles of CD40 signaling triggered by CD40L, we subcloned the DNA fragment encoding the extracellular region of human CD40L into the pSK plasmid. After being sequenced, the target fragment was introduced into the pPICZalphaA plasmid to construct the pPICZalphaA-sCD40L expressing vector which was then transduced into Pichia pastoris GS115 cells by electroporation. The tansformant expressed sCD40L in culture supernatants with a maximum yield of about 35 mg/L. Furthermore, we found that the recombinant human soluble CD40 ligand (rhsCD40L) could effectively induced human peripheral blood monocytes(PBMCs) in vitro in the absence of TNFalpha into dendritic cells (DCs) with the typical morphology and special surface markers of dendritic cells including CD1a, CD80, CD83, and HLA-DR etc. To our surprise, the rhsCD40L also could inhibit directly in vitro proliferation of the CD40-positive multiple myeloma cell line XG-2 and the B lymphoma cell line Daudi significantly at an optimal concentration from 2.5 to 15.0 mg/L, while CD40 negative ovarian carcinoma cell lines, SKB and SKR, were not effected by either high or low concentration of rhsCD40L. Moreover, rhsCD40L had the same effects as CD40L-transfected cell in inducing XG2 cell apoptosis. Our results demonstrated that functional human soluble CD40L could be successfully expressed in the Pichia pastoris system and that the recombinant human soluble CD40L might be a potential immune adjuvant and a new powerful molecule for tumor bio-therapy.
SCF, BDNF, and Gas6 Are Regulators of Growth Plate Chondrocyte Proliferation and Differentiation (2009)

We previously demonstrated that bovine epiphyseal chondrocytes separated by density gradient centrifugation differ in proliferative response to IGF-I and IGF-I receptor number. To identify novel modifiers of IGF-I action at the growth plate, we used microarray analyses to compare bovine hypertrophic and reserve zones and identified several receptors differentially expressed across the growth plate: NTRK2 [receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)], KIT [receptor for stem cell factor (SCF)], and MER and AXL [two receptors for growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6)]. The corresponding ligands were tested for their ability to stimulate either proliferation of isolated chondrocytes or differentiation in ATDC5 cells. Each factor inhibited IGF-I-mediated proliferation in isolated chondrocytes by attenuating ERK1/2 activation. SCF, BDNF, Gas6, and C-type natriuretic peptide promoted differentiation in ATDC5 cells, each factor producing different expression patterns for collagen X, collagen 2, aggrecan, and lysyl oxidase. Whereas multiple factors stimulated ATDC5 differentiation, only IGF-I and high-dose insulin, out of several factors implicated in chondrocyte maturation, stimulated proliferation of isolated chondrocytes. IGF-I appears to be the primary proliferative signal in growth plate chondrocytes, whereas multiple factors including SCF, BDNF, and Gas6 regulate the pace of differentiation at the growth plate.
Time Transfer by Laser Link (T2L2) experiment on Mir (1998)

The experiment on Time Transfer by Laser Link (T2L2) under development at the OCA (Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur) and the CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) will permit the synchronization of remote clocks. To perform a T2L2 time transfer, laser stations and a satellite are needed, all equipped with a clock and a time-tagging unit. We have the opportunity to put a T2L2 payload on the Russian space station Mir in 1999. The T2L2 is based on the propagation of light pulses in space. It will make it possible to synchronize remote ground clocks, several thousand kilometres apart, with an uncertainty of about 100 ps, and to measure the performance of ground clocks having a relative frequency stability of about 3 × 10-15 over the station visibility period (around 200 s). Accumulation of the data from several successive passages of Mir will allow a stability of about 3 × 10-17 over ten days to be reached. The uncertainty budget of the T2L2 time transfer is analysed, and the on-board optical equipment that will allow us to achieve these time-transfer performances is presented.
Controlled Release Strategies for Bone, Cartilage, and Osteochondral Engineering—Part II: Challenges on the Evolution from Single to Multiple Bioactive Factor Delivery (2012)

The development of controlled release systems for the regeneration of bone, cartilage, and osteochondral interface is one of the hot topics in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the majority of the developed systems consider only the release of a single growth factor, which is a limiting step for the success of the therapy. More recent studies have been focused on the design and tailoring of appropriate combinations of bioactive factors to match the desired goals regarding tissue regeneration. In fact, considering the complexity of extracellular matrix and the diversity of growth factors and cytokines involved in each biological response, it is expected that an appropriate combination of bioactive factors could lead to more successful outcomes in tissue regeneration. In this review, the evolution on the development of dual and multiple bioactive factor release systems for bone, cartilage, and osteochondral interface is overviewed, specifically the relevance of parameters such as dosage and spatiotemporal distribution of bioactive factors. A comprehensive collection of studies focused on the delivery of bioactive factors is also presented while highlighting the increasing impact of platelet-rich plasma as an autologous source of multiple growth factors.
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Benzocycloalkenes (1979)

The products of the hydroboration-oxidation of the benzocycloalkenes (1 ; n = 1-5) with diborane and thexylborane have been studied. With indene, diborane yields 86% of indan-2-ol and thexylborane yields 99%. Each of the other benzocycloalkenes gives approximately 90% of the a-alcohol with diborane, and increasing amounts (10-38%) of the ß-alcohol with thexylborane. Electronic factors are suggested to be paramount to explain the difference between indene and the other alkenes. A number of rearrangement reactions have been encountered during the synthesis of the alkenes.
Template-Stripped Gold Supported on Ni as a Substrate for SAMs (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTTemplate-Stripped Gold Supported on Ni as a Substrate for SAMsP. Samorí, J. Diebel, H. Löwe, and J. P. RabeView Author Information Department of Physics, Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 110, 10115 Berlin, Germany, and Institute of Microtechnology Mainz, Carl Zeiss Strasse 18-20, 55129 Mainz, Germany Cite this: Langmuir 1999, 15, 7, 2592–2594Publication Date (Web):March 12, 1999Publication History Received9 October 1998Revised29 December 1998Published online12 March 1999Published inissue 1 March 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la981414xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/la981414xbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views551Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Gold,Lattices,Scanning tunneling microscopy,Ultrahigh vacuum Get e-Alerts
Hybrid access technology applications to the next generation Internet (NGI) network extension (2002)

We report several novel architecture and implementation scenarios to complement and extend the NGI network for an "all-weather" link availability based on integrated fiber, free-space optical wireless, and RF/MM-wave access technology and sub-networks.
Analysis of Materials and Structures in Scientific Applications Using Micro Focus Computed Tomography (2014)

With an efficient system for 3D-mikrofocus-computed-tomography, the analysis of materials, welding’s, joining’s and structures, with high resolution is possible. In the research center Jülich such a tomographic system is available and has been developed continuously for a wide range of applications. The field of work of the X-ray system and the applications ranges from the analysis of organic materials up to solid metal components like welding’s and joining technologies. The image acquisition is carried out by novel flat panel detectors. The performance of the 3D visualization is demonstrated using examples from various scientific areas and applications. The system makes it feasible to extend automatic defective recognition (ADR) also on a real-time basis. By the special construction and the choice of its components, in combination with individually developed software tools, different application spectra are possible, e.g. for rapid prototyping or reverse engineering as well as FEM analysis in real components.
A study of deep learning networks on mobile traffic forecasting (2017)

With evolution toward the fifth generation (5G) cellular technologies, forecasting and understanding of mobile Internet traffic based on big data is the foundation to enable intelligent management features. To take full advantage of machine learning, a more comprehensive investigation on a mobile traffic dataset with the latest deep learning models is desired. Therefore, a multitask learning architecture using deep learning networks for mobile traffic forecasting is presented in this work. State-of-the-art deep learning models are studied, including 1) recurrent neural network (RNN), 2) three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3D cNn), and 3) combination of CNN and RNN (CNN-RNN). The experiments reveal that CNN and RNN can extract geographical and temporal traffic features respectively. Comparing with either deep or non-deep learning approaches, CNN-RNN is a reliable model leading in all tasks with 70 to 80% forecasting accuracy.
Nonlinear properties of ballistic nanoelectronic devices (2005)

Advanced lithographic techniques allow the fabrication of strongly confined semiconductor nanostructures in which carriers travel without suffering from inelastic scattering even for bias voltages between the contacts exceeding several 100 mV. In the ballistic nonlinear transport regime, nanoelectronic devices show several electric properties very different from those of diffusive conductors. In this review we focus on recent studies of quantum wire transistors and Y-branch switches realized by electron beam lithography and wet etching of modulation doped GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures in relation to nanoelectronic applications, such as a quantum wire amplifier, a compact AND gate based on a single Y-branch, feedback coupled bistable switching devices, static memory elements and a novel NAND gate with defined outputs realized by monolithically integrated Y-branches.
Millimeter-scale contact printing of aqueous solutions using a stamp made out of paper and tape (2010)

This communication describes a simple method for printing aqueous solutions with millimeter-scale patterns on a variety of substrates using an easily fabricated, paper-based microfluidic device (a paper-based "stamp") as a contact printing device. The device is made from inexpensive materials, and it is easily assembled by hand; this method is thus accessible to a wide range of laboratories and budgets. A single device was used to print over 2500 spots in less than three minutes at a density of 16 spots per square centimetre. This method provides a new tool to pattern biochemicals-reagents, antigens, proteins, and DNA-on planar substrates. The accuracy of the volume of fluid delivered in simple paper-to-paper printing is low, and although the pattern transfer is rapid, it is better suited for qualitative than accurate, quantitative work. By patterning the paper to which the transfer occurs using wax printing or an equivalent technique, accuracy increases substantially.
Administration of thiazolidinediones for neuroprotection in ischemic stroke: a pre‐clinical systematic review (2010)

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) may prevent or attenuate CNS injury arising from an ischemic event. We performed meta-analysis of experimental studies in which a TZD (either rosiglitazone or pioglitazone) was administered in a rodent model of focal or global cerebral ischemia. Infarct volume was the primary endpoint for analysis of drug efficacy, and neurological outcome was also assessed. We identified 31 studies through the use of PubMed and Embase, 22 of which met our pre-specified inclusion criteria and were analyzed with the Cochrane Review Manager software. Treatment with TZDs decreased infarct volume and improved neurological outcome regardless of study quality, dose timing, or ischemia model (transient or permanent). Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone were similarly effective in reducing infarct volume and protecting neurologic function. Importantly, the collective data suggest that pre-treatment with a TZD is not required for neuroprotection, although additional studies are clearly needed to define the breadth of the therapeutic window. The data warrant further studies into the potential acute use of TZDs for ischemic stroke therapy in the general population.
Intravascular Coagulation in the Development of Massive Hepatic Necrosis Induced by<i>Corynebacterium parvum</i>and Endotoxin in Rats (1989)

When Escherichia coli endotoxin was intravenously injected into rats given killed Corynebacterium parvum 6 days previously, fibrin deposition and endothelial cell injury occurred in hepatic sinusoids at 1.5 h and were intensified thereafter. Serum alanine aminotransferase values were increased along with prothrombin time and decreased plasma levels of antithrombin III and coagulation factor VIII:C at 5 h. Antithrombin III concentrate (plus heparin) or superoxide dismutase infused concurrently with injection of endotoxin significantly attenuated the derangements of these variables and the histologic extent of liver injury at 5 h. Intravascular coagulation, probably developing through the action of superoxide anion, may contribute to the development of massive hepatic necrosis induced by C. parvum and endotoxin in rats.
Some Genetic Aspects of Alcoholism and Criminality (1978)

The state criminal records and official registers of alcoholics were used in a study of 2,000 adoptees and their biological and adoptive parents. The frequency of registration for the adoptees were approximately the same as for the population in general, but for the biological parents it was two to three times greater. Very few adoptive parents appeared in the records. It is conceivable that to a large extent adoption neutralized the "social heritage" from the biological parents. There was, however, a significant correlation in the records between alcoholism in biological parents and in their adopted-out sons. On the other hand, the criminal records showed no such correlation between biological parents and their children. These results support the hypothesis that there is a genetic explanation for the development of alcoholism, but not for the manifestation of criminality.
Production of Small, Monodispersed Alginate Beads for Cell Immobilization (1997)

Gel entrapment retains suspension cells in a bioreactor for high-density operations without the difficulties of cell separation. To achieve and sustain high cell densities in animal cell culture, beads under 1 mm in diameter are desirable to minimize diffusional limitations. The challenge is to develop a controllable, scaleable process to produce small, monodispersed beads for cell immobilization. In this work, alginate bead populations were produced in the 0.5–1 mm size range with less than 10% standard deviation by destabilizing a viscous jet with a controlled disturbance. Systematic study of the drop formation with this “vibration” method demonstrated that Weber's theory for the instability of viscous jets qualitatively applies to the alginate system and provides a predictive tool for selecting the wavelength of disturbance for controlled bead formation. Nonlinear theory also provided guidance in establishing proper operating conditions to avoid satellite drop formation which decreases bead uniformity. A viscosity range 150–500 cp was found to be optimum for bead formation and served to rapidly establish the appropriate alginate concentration for the wide variety of commercial alginates. Through an understanding of the interaction of viscosity, linear velocity, nozzle diameter, and frequency of disturbance used to destabilize the jet, the predictable formation of small, uniform alginate beads was demonstrated with this method. As an example of scaleup, a 10-nozzle manifold can process 3–50 L of alginate/h, depending on the desired bead size.
Growth and structure of fullerene-like CNx thin films produced by pulsed laser ablation of graphite in nitrogen (2002)

The growth and structure of fullerene-like CNx films produced by laser ablation of graphite in low pressure nitrogen were investigated. Deposition conditions were selected based on investigations of CN and C2 concentration at the condensation surface, vibrational temperature of CN radicals, and kinetic energies of atomic and molecular species. Films were characterized with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, nanoindentation, and stress analyses. The nitrogen content in CNx films directly depended on the concentration of CN radicals at the condensation surface. Formation of fullerene-like structures required a high vibrational temperature of these radicals, which was maximized at about 4 eV for depositions at 10 mTorr N2 and laser fluences of ∼7 J/cm2. The presence of C2 had only a minor effect on film composition and structure. Optimization of plasma characteristics and a substrate temperature of 300 °C helped to produce about 1-μm-thick solid films of CNx (N/C ratio≈0.2–0.3) and pure carbon consisting of fullerene-like fragments and packages. In contrast to carbon films, fullerene-like CNx films exhibited a high elastic recovery of about 80% in using a Berkovich tip at 5 mN load and indentation depths up to 150 nm. Their elastic modulus was about 160 GPa measured from the unloading portion of an indentation curve, and about 250 GPa measured with a 40 Hz tip oscillation during nanoindentation tests. The difference was related to time dependent processes of shape restoration of fullerene-like fragments, and an analogy was made to the behavior of elastomer polymers. However, unlike elastomers, CNx film hardness was as high as 30 GPa, which was twice that of fullerene-like carbon films. The unusual combination of high elasticity and hardness of CNx films was explained by crosslinking of fullerene fragments induced by the incorporated nitrogen and stored compressive stress. The study demonstrated laser ablation as a viable technique for the growth of fullerene-like CNx films, which may be used as hard protective coatings resisting brittle fracture at high loads and extensive substrate deformations.
Identification of the porcine intestinal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor on sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gels by renaturation and immunoblotting. (1985)

Identification of the porcine 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor protein on NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide slab gels was accomplished by two separate techniques: (i) assay of the specific binding activity of tritiated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to protein eluted from NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels and renatured and (ii) immunoblotting of the partially purified receptor using two anti-receptor monoclonal antibodies. The porcine receptor preparation used in these studies was isolated from a crude nuclear extract of intestinal mucosa followed by chromatography on DNA-cellulose, ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration HPLC, and DEAE-Sepharose chromatography. These receptor fractions were then electrophoresed on NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels. The receptor was eluted from the gel, renatured, and assayed for its ability to bind tritiated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The renatured receptor appears as a single peak of specific tritiated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 binding activity. This binding activity corresponds to a band on a silver-stained gel that correlates with the receptor peak eluted from the DEAE-Sepharose column. It also corresponds to the highest molecular weight species identified on an immunoblot with anti-receptor monoclonal antibodies. The 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor protein has a molecular weight of 55,000 as deduced from its migration on NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels.
Proton and hydroxide ion permeability of phospholipid vesicles. (1981)

The apparent permeability of H+ through phospholipid bilayers was determined by measuring H+ efflux from large unilamellar phospholipid vesicles with internal space buffered at pH 4. The value obtained is about 10(-9) cm/sec at room temperature, five orders of magnitude lower than was recently reported for the combined permeability for H+ and OH- [Nichols, J. W. & Deamer, D. W. (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 77, 2038-2042]. The apparent permeability measured in this way is the sum of contributions from the movement of H+ and of uncharged species (HCl or HNO3) in equilibrium with anions in the solution. There is evidence that the uncharged species make the dominant contribution and that the permeability coefficient for H+ per se is no larger than 5 X 10(-12) cm/sec. An attempt to measure OH- permeability by use of vesicles buffered at pH 10 did not give a conclusive result because the vesicle walls appeared to be damaged by exposure to this pH. An apparent permeability coefficient of about 10(-7) cm/sec was estimated for undamaged membranes.