gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The influence of rubber separators on electrochemical behavior of lead-acid batteries (2002)

This paper presents manufacturing processes; physical, chemical and electrochemical properties; performance in batteries; and their applications of three types of rubber separators. Many aspects of lead-acid battery performance characteristics which are unique electrochemical properties of rubber separators are given. The influence of the rubber separators on on-charge voltage, antimony transfer, Tafel behaviour, and dendrite growth, are discussed. The battery applications discussed are: telecommunication, uninterruptible power supplies, load leveling, traction batteries, deep cycle batteries, and automotive batteries.
Fruit Flesh Betacyanin Pigments in <i>Hylocereus </i>Cacti (2002)

Determination of profiles and total contents of betacyanins in cactus fruits of Hylocereus species using chromatographic and spectrophotometric method is described. The investigated species were H. polyrhizus, H. purpusii, H. costaricensis, H. sp. 487 (all red-flesh species and hybrids made among them), and the white- or red-flesh species H. undatus. Hybrids included hybrid 1 (H. undatus white-flesh clone and H. sp. 487), hybrid 35 (H. sp. 487 and H. polyrhizus), and the reciprocal hybrid hybrid 95 (H. polyrhizus and H. sp. 487). Fruits of H. polyrhizus exhibited the highest relative concentration (expressed as percentage of the total HPLC peak area) of hylocerenin, a recently discovered pigment, and a high relative concentration of phyllocactin. Hylocerenin and isohylocerenin, present in fruits at relative concentrations of 11.7 and 5.8%, respectively, are probably responsible for the fluorescent color of the fruit pulp. H. costaricensis fruits have a much higher content of phyllocactin (63.9%), which is almost 4 times higher than the betanin content. These differences in pigment concentrations might explain the differences in red hues of the flesh of these fruits.
Activation of Actuating Hydrogels with WS<sub>2</sub> Nanosheets for Biomimetic Cellular Structures and Steerable Prompt Deformation (2017)

Macroscopic soft actuation is intrinsic to living organisms in nature, including slow deformation (e.g., contraction, bending, twisting, and curling) of plants motivated by microscopic swelling and shrinking of cells, and rapid motion of animals (e.g., deformation of jellyfish) motivated by cooperative nanoscale movement of motor proteins. These actuation behaviors, with an exceptional combination of tunable speed and programmable deformation direction, inspire us to design artificial soft actuators for broad applications in artificial muscles, nanofabrication, chemical valves, microlenses, soft robotics, etc. However, so far artificial soft actuators have been typically produced on the basis of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAM), whose deformation is motived by volumetric shrinkage and swelling in analogue to plant cells, and exhibits sluggish actuation kinetics. In this study, alginate-exfoliated WS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets were incorporated into ice-template-polymerized PNiPAM hydrogels with the cellular microstructures which mimic plant cells, yet the prompt steerable actuation of animals. Because of the nanosheet-reinforced pore walls formed in situ in freezing polymerization and reasonable hierarchical water channels, this cellular hybrid hydrogel achieves super deformation speed (on the order of magnitude of 10° s), controllable deformation direction, and high near-infrared light responsiveness, offering an unprecedented platform of artificial muscles for various soft robotics and devices (e.g., rotator, microvalve, aquatic swimmer, and water-lifting filter).
Si Nanowire Biosensors Using a FinFET Fabrication Process for Real Time Monitoring Cellular Ion Actitivies (2018)

In this paper, a biocompatible biosensor based on horizontal Si nanowire (NW) array field-effect transistor (FET) has been fabricated by the feasible spacer image transfer (SIT) process. The Si NW FET as biosensor is proposed for the realtime cellular Ca <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2+</sup> monitoring for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which presents fast-responded and high-sensitive characteristics. Compared with the conventional sensing techniques, the Si NW biosensor exhibits non-invasive, biocompatible and reliable advantages. This will help us to further understand the mechanism of cellular ion activities and provides a promising method for the cell-level diagnose and therapy.
Eliminations from 2-butyl halides induced by halide ions in dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEliminations from 2-butyl halides induced by halide ions in dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxideRichard A. BartschCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 4, 1023–1025Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00829a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00829a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views290Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Symbolic model checking of extended finite state machines with linear constraints over integer variables (2006)

Abstract We propose a symbolic model checking algorithm for a class of extended finite state machines equipped with integer variables (FSM/int). An FSM/int has several constraints on variable assignments, such as a variable of FSM/int keeps its value until the control visits at the definition transition and new value is fed via external input. Our model checking algorithm verifies whether an FSM/int satisfies a property described in CTL‐like expressions over integer variables. We have implemented a model checker, and verified that blackjack dealer circuits and a packet multiplex protocol satisfy some designated properties. We have found that the verification of systems with 100 states and 10 integer variables can be carried out in a few seconds in most cases (in the worst case, a few minutes). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 37(6): 64–72, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/scj.20264
The Biological Effects and Mode of Action of L-Canavanine, a Structural Analogue of L-Arginine (1977)

Many of the 200 or so non-protein amino acids synthesized by higher plants are related structurally to the constituents of common proteins. L-Canavanine, the guanidinooxy structural analogue of L-arginine, is representative of this group. It has provided valuable insight into the biological effects and the mode of action of non-protein amino acids which acts as analogues of the protein amino acids. The arginyl-tRNA synthetases of numerous canavanine-free species charge canavanine, and canavanine is subsequently incorporated into the nascent polypeptide chain. Production of canavanine-containing proteins ultimately can disrupt critical reactions of RNA and DNA metabolism as well as protein synthesis. Canavanine also affects regulatory and catalytic reactions of arginine metabolism, arginine uptake, formation of structural components, and other cellular precesses. In these ways, canavanine alters essential biochemical reactions and becomes a potent antimetabolite of arginine in a wide spectrum of species. These deleterious properties of canavanine render it a highly toxic secondary plant constituent that probably functions as an allelochemic agent that deters the feeding activity of phytophagous insects and other herbivores.
General theory of solid-rotor induction machines (1972)

A general theory of the torque/slip and current/slip characteristics of solid-rotor induction machines is developed in terms of dimensionless coefficients, and its validity is demonstrated by measurements on machines in the range 6–1500 W. Generalised characteristics are presented in the form of curves of the dimensionless coefficients. The analysis is based on an expression for equivalent rotor impedance which is inversely proportional to the product of airgap flux and slip and which has a constant phase angle. Various methods of calculating eddy-current losses in solid rotors give impedances of this form, and the use of some of these in the generalised analysis is assessed.
Phase I Trial of Bevacizumab Plus Escalated Doses of Sunitinib in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (2009)

In this phase I trial of patients with metastatic RCC, the combination of sunitinib and bevacizumab caused a high degree of hypertension and vascular and hematologic toxicities at the highest dose level. We do not plan to pursue additional study of this regimen at these doses in patients with RCC.
Prevention of peridural fibrosis: Current methodologies (1999)

Lumbar discectomy is a common surgical procedure with a physician-reported 'good' outcome of 85%-95% for successfully relieving pre-operative sciatic pain. Up to 40% of patients post-operatively, however, have persistent limitations in activity. Peridural fibrosis is a natural consequence of the normal post-operative healing that can cause symptoms by tethering the nerve roots. ADCON-L was developed to decrease the peridural fibrosis reaction. Cell culture analysis demonstrated that ADCON-L blocked the ingrowth of fibroblasts, and animal laminectomy models demonstrated a major decrease in the amount of peridural fibrosis. ADCON-L has been studied in two prospective randomized multicenter trials, one in Europe with 298 patients and the other in the United States with 223 patients at the interim analysis. Noting the differences in the quantity of peridural scar on post-operative MRI and in clinical outcome between the two groups assessed the effect of the addition of ADCON-L to the surgical procedure. Both studies had statistically significant positive beneficial effects in both the radiologic index and the clinical outcome scores. These two studies provide the evidence for the clinical use of ADCON-L to improve outcomes after lumbar discectomy.
Molecular Characterization of the Immune Response to Factor VIII (2002)

Inhibitory antibodies to factor VIII arise from an alloimmune response in patients with hemophilia A infused with factor VIII and as an autoimmune response in a variety of settings. The immune response to factor VIII is T-cell dependent. Helper T cells recognize numerous epitopes in the factor VIII molecule. B cell epitopes in both the alloimmune and autoimmune responses are much more restricted, usually involving two major epitopes in the A2 and C2 domains and apparently minor epitopes in the light chain activation peptide (ap) region and the A3 domain. Anti-C2 antibodies inhibit the binding of factor VIII to phospholipid and may also interfere with the binding of factor VIII to von Willebrand factor. Anti-A2 and anti-A3 antibodies block the binding of factor VIII to factor X and factor IXa, respectively, in the intrinsic pathway factor X activation complex. The mechanism of inhibition of anti-ap antibodies is unknown. A murine hemophilia A model has been developed to study the immunogenicity of factor VIII. This model may lead to improved approaches to prevent development of inhibitory antibodies and to reverse the immune response if it develops.
Synthesis of <scp>D</scp>‐ and <scp>L</scp>‐Phenylalanine Derivatives by Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyases: A Multienzymatic Cascade Process (2015)

The synthesis of substituted D-phenylalanines in high yield and excellent optical purity, starting from inexpensive cinnamic acids, has been achieved with a novel one-pot approach by coupling phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) amination with a chemoenzymatic deracemization (based on stereoselective oxidation and nonselective reduction). A simple high-throughput solid-phase screening method has also been developed to identify PALs with higher rates of formation of non-natural D-phenylalanines. The best variants were exploited in the chemoenzymatic cascade, thus increasing the yield and ee value of the D-configured product. Furthermore, the system was extended to the preparation of those L-phenylalanines which are obtained with a low ee value using PAL amination.
Feathering correction for 3‐D marine data (1992)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1992Feathering correction for 3‐D marine dataAuthors: Anat CanningGerald H. F. GardnerAnat CanningRice Univ. and Houston Advanced Research Center (HARC) and Gerald H. F. GardnerRice Univ. and Houston Advanced Research Center (HARC)https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822265 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822265FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByReferences29 April 2013Methods and applications of 3-D wave equation common-azimuth prestack migrationFrontiers of Earth Science in China, Vol. 1, No. 34. Approximations of Full Prestack Migration21 March 20123. Approximations of Full Prestack Migration21 March 2012Reducing 3-D acquisition footprint for 3-D DMO and 3-D prestack migrationAnat Canning and Gerald H. F. Gardner7 February 2012 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 63, No. 4Anisotropic migration-velocity based on inversion of common azimuthal sections10 October 1996 | Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 101, No. B10Linearized inversion of 3-D multi-offset data: background reconstruction and AVO inversionGeophysical Journal International, Vol. 123, No. 2The connection between acquisition geometry and imaging: Recent advances and the road aheadCraig J. Beasley10 February 2005The time and space formulation of azimuth moveoutSergey B. Fomel and Biondo L. Biondi10 February 2005 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1992ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1992 Pages: 1410 publication data© 1992 Copyright © 1992 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Anat Canning and Gerald H. F. Gardner, (1992), "Feathering correction for 3‐D marine data," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 955-957. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822265 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Gene therapy in epilepsy (2008)

Results from animal models suggest gene therapy is a promising new approach for the treatment of epilepsy. Several candidate genes such as neuropeptide Y and galanin have been demonstrated in preclinical studies to have a positive effect on seizure activity. For a successful gene therapy-based treatment, efficient delivery of a transgene to target neurons is also essential. To this end, advances have been made in the areas of cell transplantation and in the development of recombinant viral vectors for gene delivery. Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors in particular show promise for gene therapy of neurological disorders due to their neuronal tropism, lack of toxicity, and stable persistence in neurons, which results in robust, long-term expression of the transgene. rAAV vectors have been recently used in phase I clinical trials of Parkinson's disease with an excellent safety profile. Prior to commencement of phase I trials for gene therapy of epilepsy, further preclinical studies are ongoing including evaluation of the therapeutic benefit in chronic models of epileptogenesis, as well as assessment of safety in toxicological studies.
Bayesian Acoustic Source Track Prediction in an Uncertain Ocean Environment (2010)

This paper develops an approach for probabilistic prediction of the future locations of a moving ocean acoustic source based on probability distributions for past source locations as determined by Bayesian acoustic tracking inversion. The Bayesian track estimation for past times considers both source and environmental parameters as unknown random variables constrained by noisy acoustic data and prior information, and numerically samples the posterior probability density (PPD) using Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. Applying a probabilistic prediction model for constant-velocity source motion to each of the PPD samples produces source location probability distributions for future times. These prediction distributions account for both the uncertainty of the source-motion model and the uncertainty in the state of knowledge of past source locations including the effects of environmental uncertainty. Results of Bayesian track estimation and prediction are represented as a sequence of joint marginal probability distributions over source range and depth, and as the most probable track with uncertainties. Probability distribution for the time and range of the closest point of approach (CPA) are also computed for inbound tracks. The approach is illustrated with synthetic acoustic data at two noise levels and with measured data from a shallow-water site in the Mediterranean Sea.
Characterization of Apoptosis Induced by Fucoxanthin in Human Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells (2005)

Apoptosis induced by fucoxanthin in HL-60 cells was associated with a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential at an early stage, but not with an increase in reactive oxygen species. Fucoxanthin treatment caused cleavages of procaspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase without any effect on the protein level of Bcl-2, Bcl-X(L), or Bax. Apoptosis induction by fucoxanthin may be mediated via mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and caspase-3 activation.
Dense Motion Estimation Using Regularization Constraints on Local Parametric Models (2004)

This paper presents a method for dense optical flow estimation in which the motion field within patches that result from an initial intensity segmentation is parametrized with models of different order. We propose a novel formulation which introduces regularization constraints between the model parameters of neighboring patches. In this way, we provide the additional constraints for very small patches and for patches whose intensity variation cannot sufficiently constrain the estimation of their motion parameters. In order to preserve motion discontinuities, we use robust functions as a regularization mean. We adopt a three-frame approach and control the balance between the backward and forward constraints by a real-valued direction field on which regularization constraints are applied. An iterative deterministic relaxation method is employed in order to solve the corresponding optimization problem. Experimental results show that the proposed method deals successfully with motions large in magnitude, motion discontinuities, and produces accurate piecewise-smooth motion fields.
Imaging genomics (2003)

The recent completion of a working draft of the human genome sequence promises to provide unprecedented opportunities to explore the genetic basis of individual differences in complex behaviours and vulnerability to neuropsychiatric illness. Functional neuroimaging, because of its unique ability to assay information processing at the level of brain within individuals, provides a powerful approach to such functional genomics. Recent fMRI studies have established important physiological links between functional genetic polymorphisms and robust differences in information processing within distinct brain regions and circuits that have been linked to the manifestation of various disease states such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and anxiety disorders. Importantly, all of these biological relationships have been revealed in relatively small samples of healthy volunteers and in the absence of observable differences at the level of behaviour, underscoring the power of a direct assay of brain physiology like fMRI in exploring the functional impact of genetic variation.
Circular synthetic aperture sonar results from autonomous underwater vehicle trials (2008)

The principle of synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) is to combine successive pings coherently from different observation angles in order to increase the azimuth resolution. By collecting data along a circular track, a circular SAS (CSAS) image, or tomographic image, can be made. The image reconstruction can be done either incoherently, fully coherently, or partially coherently where each subaperture of coherent processing consists of a section of the circle. In target classification, CSAS has several benefits: the object is observed from all aspect angles giving a better perception; the resolution in the image increases. In this paper, we calculate required accuracy in navigation, bathymetry and sound velocity for successful circular SAS. Finally, we show circular SAS images of small targets from real data collected by the HUGIN autonomous underwater vehicle carrying the Kongsberg HISAS 1030. We test different beamforming strategies, and show the effect of coherent and incoherent tomographic imaging.
The Electron-seeking Demands of Dichlorocarbene in its Addition to Olefins (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Electron-seeking Demands of Dichlorocarbene in its Addition to OlefinsW. von E. Doering and Wm. A. Henderson Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 19, 5274–5277Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01552a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01552a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views499Altmetric-Citations166LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts