gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Disulfides by the Oxidation of Thiols Using Bromine (1996)

Abstract Medium length aliphatic disulfides are easily synthesized via the bromine-oxidation ofthiols in the absence of solvent. Bromine can also oxidize long aliphatic and aromatic thiols to disulfides in solution. All yields are quantitative.
Interaction of Ammonia Monooxygenase from <i>Nitrosomonas europaea</i> with Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes (1988)

Ammonia monooxygenase of Nitrosomonas europaea catalyzes the oxidation of alkanes (up to C(8)) to alcohols and alkenes (up to C(5)) to epoxides and alcohols in the presence of ammonium ions. Straight-chain, N-terminal alkynes (up to C(10)) all exhibited a time-dependent inhibition of ammonia oxidation without effects on hydrazine oxidation.
Metal artifact reduction in x-ray computed tomography: Inpainting versus missing value (2011)

A comparison of algorithms for reduction of metal artifacts in x-ray cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is presented. In the context of algebraic reconstruction techniques (ART) several inpainting algorithms in the image domain are evaluated against missing data strategies. A GPU-based iterative framework is employed for a meaningful comparison of both. Simulation results from an extended Shepp-Logan phantom and real world dental data are given.
Design & Performance of a Networked Ad-hoc Acoustic Communications System using Inexpensive Commercial CDMA Modems (2007)

We present a new approach for creating and implementing an ad-hoc underwater acoustic sensor network based on connecting a small processor to the serial port of a commercial CDMA acoustic modem. The processor acts as a "node controller" providing the networking layer that the modems lack. The ad-hoc networking protocol is based on a modified dynamic source routing (DSR) approach and can be configured for maximising information throughput or minimising energy expenditure. The system was developed in simulation and then evaluated during field trials using a 10 node deployment. Experimental results show reliable multi-hop networking under a variety of network configurations, with the added ability to determine internode ranges to within 1.5 m for localisation.
Smart house monitoring and actuating system development using automatic code generation (2009)

This paper presents the development of a wireless networked microcontroller system. The network can be used for general-purpose monitoring and controlling activities, as well applied to the home automation (Domotics) area and to wireless sensor networks (WSN) area. The network is composed by two types of elements, a coordinator and the nodes. The system can be controlled remotely through a Web page. The system development framework was also used as a platform to validate the PNML2C tool that is able to generate C code automatically. This tool generates C code that implements a model expressed by an IOPT (input output place transition) Petri net model represented using the PNML (Petri net markup language) format. The network nodes are implemented using this tool, and its results are analyzed. A fully functional sensor-actuator network was implemented, amenable for monitoring and actuating activities, relying only on low cost components. A laboratory prototype was developed allowing validation of the results. The PNML2C tool was successfully integrated in the development framework and revealed adequate to produce an executable translation from the IOPT model amenable for supporting its implementation.
Design and Implementation of Papyrus: Parallel Aggregate Persistent Storage (2017)

A surprising development in recently announced HPC platforms is the addition of, sometimes massive amounts of, persistent (nonvolatile) memory (NVM) in order to increase memory capacity and compensate for plateauing I/O capabilities. However, there are no portable and scalable programming interfaces using aggregate NVM effectively. This paper introduces Papyrus: a new software system built to exploit emerging capability of NVM in HPC architectures. Papyrus (or Parallel Aggregate Persistent -YRU- Storage) is a novel programming system that provides features for scalable, aggregate, persistent memory in an extreme-scale system for typical HPC usage scenarios. Papyrus mainly consists of Papyrus Virtual File System (VFS) and Papyrus Template Container Library (TCL). Papyrus VFS provides a uniform aggregate NVM storage image across diverse NVM architectures. It enables Papyrus TCL to provide a portable and scalable high-level container programming interface whose data elements are distributed across multiple NVM nodes without requiring the user to handle complex communication, synchronization, replication, and consistency model. We evaluate Papyrus on two HPC systems, including UTK Beacon and NERSC Cori, using real NVM storage devices.
Sweep algorithms for constructing higher-dimensional constrained Delaunay triangulations (2000)

I discuss algorithms for constructing constrained Delaunay triangulations (CDTs) in dimensions higher than two. If the CDT of a set of vertices and constraining simplices exists, it can be constructed in (.9 (nv ns) time, where nv is the number of input vertices and ns is the number of output d-simplices. In practice, the running time is likely to be O(n~ + n, logn~) in all but the most pathological cases. The CDT of a star-shaped polytope can be constructed in O(n8 log n~) time, yielding an efficient way to delete a vertex from a CDT.
[State of the structure and functions of the arterial wall in patients with chronic heart failure against the background of permanent atrial fibrillation and assessment of vasoprotective effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids]. (2013)

structurally functional remodeling of the arterial wall in patients with chronic heart failure of ischemic etiology and persistent AF has a definite pattern of forming. Omega-3 fatty acids have a vasoprotective effect, providing improving elastic properties of the arteries by preventing fibrosis.
Growth inhibition of human colorectal‐carcinoma cells by interleukin‐4 and expression of functional interleukin‐4 receptors (1994)

The growth-inhibitory effect of interleukin-4 (IL-4) was investigated in a panel of 7 human colorectal-carcinoma cell lines. In 5 cell lines (HT29, WiDr, LS411N, LS513, LS1034) a dose-dependent reduction of proliferation was documented. At 100 U/ml, IL-4 inhibited thymidine incorporation between 45 and 75% and MTT conversion (26 to 41%). The ability of LS513 and WiDr cells to form colonies after IL-4 treatment was reduced by 85 and 62% respectively. LS513 was the most sensitive cell line, with IL-4 inducing half-maximal inhibition at 5 to 6 U/ml. The inhibitory effect of IL-4 was completely neutralized by anti-IL-4 antibodies. Northern-blot analysis revealed the presence of IL-4-receptor (IL-4R) mRNA in all cell lines. The membrane expression of the 130-kDa IL-4R was assessed by FACS, utilizing an anti-IL-4R monoclonal antibody and was confirmed by biotinylated IL-4 binding. Our results attribute an important role for IL-4 as a negative regulator of colorectal-carcinoma cell growth, thus indicating a possible avenue for intervention in this disease.
Proton Conduction in Sn[sub 0.95]Al[sub 0.05]P[sub 2]O[sub 7]–PBI–PTFE Composite Membrane (2008)

Proton-conducting composite membranes were fabricated by blending having an excess of phosphates with polybenzimidazole (PBI) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The addition of PBI to powder stabilized the conductivity of the composite, providing higher conductivities than those of stoichiometric . The addition of PTFE to powder reduced the conductivity but increased the tensile strength. The resulting composite membrane exhibited a conductivity of at and a tensile strength of 2.30 MPa. Moreover, a fuel cell made with this composite membrane yielded high power densities exceeding above and good durability under unhumidified conditions.
Performance of Hierarchical Production Scheduling Policy (1984)

The performance of Kimemia and Gershwin's hierarchical scheduling scheme for flexible manufacturing systems, as enhanced by Gershwin, Akella, and Choong, is described. This method calculates times at which to dispatch parts into a system in a way that limits the disruptive effects of such disturbances as machine failures. Simulation results based on a detailed model of an IBM printed circuit card assembly facility are presented. Comparisons are made with other policies and the hierarchical policy is shown to be superior.
Dos ensayos sobre Latinoamérica (1954)

Desde el año 1492, el continente americano se encuentra ante un gran problema fundamental, el de la tensión ,entre la cultura europea y la cultura autóctona, Obra en contra de una fuerte tendencia europeizante la misteriosa fuerza de la tierra americana, fuerza que sin adquirir el mismo desarrollo en todas las épocas ni en todas las zonas del inmenso territorio, nunca y en ningún sitio llegó a ser tan insignificante que se la pudiera descartar como elemente integrante de la cultura del Nuevo Mundo.
MatrixExplorer: a Dual-Representation System to Explore Social Networks (2006)

MatrixExplorer is a network visualization system that uses two representations: node-link diagrams and matrices. Its design comes from a list of requirements formalized after several interviews and a participatory design session conducted with social science researchers. Although matrices are commonly used in social networks analysis, very few systems support the matrix-based representations to visualize and analyze networks. MatrixExplorer provides several novel features to support the exploration of social networks with a matrix-based representation, in addition to the standard interactive filtering and clustering functions. It provides tools to reorder (layout) matrices, to annotate and compare findings across different layouts and find consensus among several clusterings. MatrixExplorer also supports Node-link diagram views which are familiar to most users and remain a convenient way to publish or communicate exploration results. Matrix and node-link representations are kept synchronized at all stages of the exploration process.
A vision-based system for early fire detection (2012)

This paper presents a video-based early fire detection system. Focus is given to the challenges related to the actual deployment of the vision system. Most importantly, background subtraction is performed in a windowed way for improved accuracy, an attentive mechanism is employed to focus a computationally expensive frequency analysis of potential fire regions, interaction with a people detection and tracking system is included so as to enable model-based false alarms rejection, a new colour-based model of fire's appearance as well as a new Wavelet-based model of fire's frequency signature are proposed, and the camera-world mapping is approximated according to a GPS-based learning calibration process. An average success rate of 92.7% at a processing rate of 10 Hz shows the applicability of the model to real-life applications.
Pressure sores in elderly patients. The epidemiology related to hip operations (1985)

The prevalence and onset of pressure sores was studied in 283 patients admitted to a general hospital with either fracture of the proximal femur or for elective hip surgery. Ninety patients developed pressure sores, of which 60 are reported in detail. Most were in women aged 70 or more who had been admitted with hip fractures. The majority of pressure sores started soon after admission, particularly on the day of operation, after which the numbers of new cases decreased. Half the patients had more than one pressure sore and the commonest sites were the sacrum, heels, and buttocks. The mortality in patients with pressure sores was 27% and their mean length of stay in hospital far exceeded that of other patients. The prevention of pressure sores in elderly patients requires more skill and attention than the nurse alone can offer; it demands the help of the whole orthopaedic team.
Quantitative gene expression analysis using Oncotype DX in ductal carcinoma <i>in situ</i> that is adjacent to invasive ductal carcinoma. (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2066 Background: It is common for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) to be observed adjacent to each other in the same tissue section. To explore the quantitative biology of DCIS, we measured ER, PR, HER2, proliferation gene expression and Recurrence Score (RS) using Oncotype DX in DCIS adjacent to IDC.&#x2028; Material and Methods: Thirty cases of ER positive tumors were identified with adjacent DCIS and IDC of similar nuclear grade. Manual microdissection was performed to separate DCIS and IDC tissues from each case. Using the Oncotype DX assay, standardized quantitative expression of 16 individual cancer related genes including ER, PR and HER2 and the proliferation index (the average of the 5 proliferations genes) was measured on a scale from 0 to 15 (relative to reference genes), where a one unit increment is associated with a 2-fold change in expression. The RS was also calculated. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's R correlation coefficients were determined to compare DCIS to IDC.&#x2028; Results: 27 of the 30 samples had sufficient RNA for analyses of the DCIS component (8 with low grade, 10 with intermediate grade, and 9 with high grade DCIS). The correlation coefficients for the comparison of DCIS and adjacent IDC for quantitative ER, PR, HER2, and the proliferation index was 0.78, 0.73, 0.76, and 0.83, respectively. For ER, IDC and DCIS measures were within 2 units for all 27 cases and within 1 unit for 22/27 (81%). For PR, IDC and DCIS measures were within 2 units for 25 of 27 cases and within 1 unit for 19/27 (70%). For HER2, IDC and DCIS measures were within 2 units for 26 of 27 cases and within 1 unit for 24/27 (89%). For proliferation index, IDC and DCIS measures were within 2 units for all 27 cases and within 1 unit for 26/27 (96%). There was a wide range of RS in DCIS (mean 13.9; range 0 to 56). Although for RS there was a significant correlation between DCIS and IDC (R=0.84), on average the RS was 4 units lower for DCIS.&#x2028; Discussion: Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of DCIS is technically feasible and sufficient RNA for Oncotype DX analysis is obtained in 90% of cases. As has been described previously for invasive breast cancer, there is considerable expression heterogeneity in DCIS between patients. DCIS adjacent to invasive breast cancer demonstrates very similar, but not identical, quantitative biology for the genes in the assay. Further DCIS studies to evaluate Oncotype DX and recurrence rates would be of great interest. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2066.
Effect of Solid Solution Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of DS Superalloy DZ8 (2016)

The microstructure of DZ8 after solid solution treatment at 1260 ℃ and 1240 ℃ was observed, and the tensile and stress rupture properties were compared. The results show that less than 1% γ+γ' eutectic remains in the microstructure of DZ8 after solid solution treatment at 1260 ℃, while incipient melting takes place in the Hf-rich phase; about 12% γ+γ' eutectic exists in the microstructure of DZ8 after solid solution treatment at 1240 ℃, but no incipient melting phase is discovered. After solid solution treatment at 1260 ℃, the stress rupture property of DZ8 in 980 ℃/725 MPa and the tensil property of DZ8 at room temperature, 700 ℃ and 980 ℃ show little different compared with those treated at 1240 ℃, but the stress rupture property in 760 ℃/725 MPa decreases to some extent.
MHC Class I-Restricted Determinants on the Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65 Molecule Induce Spontaneous CTL Activity (2001)

CD4(+) T cell responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) spontaneously arise in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice before the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and may be critical to the pathogenic process. However, since both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells are involved in autoimmune diabetes, we sought to determine whether GAD65-specific CD8(+) T cells were also present in prediabetic NOD mice and contribute to IDDM. To refine the analysis, putative K(d)-binding determinants that were proximal to previously described dominant Th determinants (206-220 and 524-543) were examined for their ability to elicit cytolytic activity in young NOD mice. Naive NOD spleen cells stimulated with GAD65 peptides 206-214 (p206) and 546-554 (p546) produced IFN-gamma and showed Ag-specific CTL responses against targets pulsed with homologous peptide. Conversely, several GAD peptides distal to the Th determinants, and control K(d)-binding peptides did not induce similar responses. Spontaneous CTL responses to p206 and p546 were mediated by CD8(+) T cells that are capable of lysing GAD65-expressing target cells, and p546-specific T cells transferred insulitis to NOD.scid mice. Young NOD mice pretreated with p206 and p546 showed reduced CTL responses to homologous peptides and a delay in the onset of IDDM. Thus, MHC class I-restricted responses to GAD65 may provide an inflammatory focus for the generation of islet-specific pathogenesis and beta cell destruction. This report reveals a potential therapeutic role for MHC class I-restricted peptides in treating autoimmune disease and revisits the notion that the CD4- and CD8-inducing determinants on some molecules may benefit from a proximal relationship.
Crystallization Rates of Matched Fractions of MgCl<sub>2</sub>-Supported Ziegler Natta and Metallocene Isotactic Poly(Propylene)s. 1. The Role of Chain Microstructure (2003)

The microstructures of two poly(propylene)s with matched molar masses and overall defect concentrations are inferred from the crystallization behavior of their narrow molar mass fractions. One poly(propylene) was produced with a MgCl2-supported Ziegler−Natta catalyst and the other with a metallocene catalyst. The fractions obtained from the metallocene isotactic poly(propylene) display a range in molar masses but each has the same defect concentration indicating a uniform intermolecular concentration of defects in the parent metallocene isotactic poly(propylene). These fractions provide direct evidence of the “single site” character of the metallocene catalyst. The variations of crystallization rates with molar mass reflect different chain diffusion/transport phenomena that are governed by the remnant entanglement state of the melt during crystallization. The molar mass fractions obtained from the ZN-iPP confirm that the interchain distribution of the nonisotactic content is broad in this polymer. The stereodefects are more concentrated in the low molar mass fractions. Furthermore, the invariance of the linear growth rates among the ZN fractions and the lack of formation of any significant content of the γ polymorph, even in the most defected fraction, is consistent with a nonrandom, blocky intramolecular distribution of defects in the ZN-iPP molecules. In contrast to the growth rates, the overall crystallization rates are a direct function of the primary nucleation density, which varies among the fractions and the unfractionated iPPs. Hence, the measured overall crystallization rates would be correlated with nucleation density and not necessarily with the microstructure of the iPP molecules. The crystallization data are also interpreted in light of results from pentad/heptad distributions predicted by two-state and three-state statistical models. Parameters from the models allow the prediction of sequence distribution curves that could be used to evaluate each of the models as to their consistency with the crystallization rate data.
Performance of filament-wound vessels from an organic fiber in several epoxy matrices (1975)

A study was carried out to select a state-of-the-art epoxy for wet filament winding. Ten epoxy systems were used to filament wind pressure vessels with a high-modulus, high-strength organic fiber. Data are reported on vessel performance, fiber strand strengths, and shear strengths for the different systems. Using our criteria (processibility, neat resin properties, and vessel performance), we find that an epoxy system based on the rubber-modified bis-phenol-F resin, diluted with vinyl cyclohexane dioxide and cured with mixed aromatic amines, can easily replace bis-phenol-A epoxies diluted with bis-(2, 3-epoxycyclopentyl) ether (such as ERL 2256 epoxy of Union Carbide) with comparable overall performance.
On the effect of food magnesium level on the activity of BASP, ALAT, ASAT and LD in pig serum. (1978)

Studies were made to investigate the effect of food Mg level on ALAT, ASAT, LD and BASP values in pigs. The following conclusions were drawn:--a high food Mg level (0.31% in ordinary pig food) can cause an increase in serum BASP values.--leg weakness, at the primary stage, is hardly caused by disturbances in bone.--an ordinary diet low in Mg may cause an abnormal rise in ALAT values in pigs.--when feeding pigs on an ordinary diet, pigs may suffer from Mg deficiency despite the fact that the food Mg content is distinctly higher than that recommended by international norms for feeding.--a prompt lowering of food Mg level can cause a manifest increase in ASAT, LD and BASP values within 2 to 3 days in pigs. Heart and liver injuries caused by low Mg diets and the individual ability of pits to utilize magnesium were discussed.
Development of the Plastic Cards Conversion System in Russia (2013)

The article investigates the development of the system of cards circulation in Russia. The authors define the concept of card, using various classification cards define the essence of payment with this financial instrument, analyze the history of creation and distribution of plastic cards in Russia, assess causes, consequences and prospects of development of the system of cards circulation in Russia.
Guide to the Literature of the Zoological Sciences (1953)

Guide to the Literature of the Zoological Sciences Get access Guide to the Literature of the Zoological Sciences. Smith Roger C.. 133 pages. Burgess Publishing Company, 426 South Sixth Street, Minneapolis 15, Minn. (3rd edition, 1952) $2.50. AIBS Bulletin, Volume 3, Issue 1, January 1953, Page 15, https://doi.org/10.1093/aibsbulletin/3.1.15-a Published: 01 January 1953
Pattern transfer on vertical cavity sidewalls using SU8 (2009)

In this master thesis, a process to realize metal lines on the sidewall of high aspect ratio cavities is developed. As alternative to conventional photoresist, SU8 is used to define patterns on vertical sidewalls of deep cavities while maintaining compatibility with conventional IC processes. When transferring a pattern onto 3D structures, especially the coating process, where cavity filling and step coverage become important issues, requires specific attention. A highly uniform SU8 coating is obtained and, 20 m wide aluminium lines across 60 m deep cavities are realized. Problems related to overexposure and aluminium etching are presented as well. The resistance of the aluminium structures on top, bottom and sidewall of the cavities are measured and the results discussed.
Application of the Nucleotidylyltransferase E<sub>p</sub> toward the Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of dTDP‐Desosamine Analogues (2003)

Sweet transfer: The macrolide sugar β-D-desosamine (1) is a key contributor to the anti-infective properties of many macrolide antibiotics, and methods to alter this substituent may lead to macrolide variants with enhanced properties. The application of a nucleotidylyltransferase (Ep) toward the synthesis of analogues of the precursor dTDP-desosamine is demonstrated and the substrate specificity of this important class of enzyme and its integral participation in natural product 'glycorandomization' is commented on. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2268/2003/z566_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.