gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VHDL analog extensions: process, issues and status (1992)

The activity involved in developing language extensions to VHSIC hardware description languages (VHDL) to provide a mixed-mode digital/analog descriptive capability is presented. The history of the organization that is responsible for developing these extensions is presented. The process being used to develop the standard is described, along with a progress report. The general guidelines being followed by the group are explained, and some of the fundamental issues and design issues being addressed are detailed. >
A Telemetering Capsule for Gastrointestinal pH Measurement (1961)

THE QUANTITATIVE determination of the gastric acidity is important to the clinician because of the relationship between acid-pepsin, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma. The clinical investigator also is interested in such determinations since he needs valid, quantitative data on the physiological responses of the gastrointestinal tract to food, sleep, and mental and physical stress. There is no indisputably physiological method available that yields such data. Gastric acidity is usually studied by inserting a tube into the empty stomach via the nose or mouth. This method has yielded much valuable information<sup>1</sup>but has the following objections: (1) The secretory response of only the empty stomach can be measured since food would clog the tube. (2) Aspiration of the acid gastric juice may cause an artificially high rate of secretion since the inhibitory effect of acid in the stomach is removed. (3) The presence of the tube in the nose or
On-Road Vehicle Detection Using Evolutionary Gabor Filter Optimization (2005)

Robust and reliable vehicle detection from images acquired by a moving vehicle is an important problem with numerous applications including driver assistance systems and self-guided vehicles. Our focus in this paper is on improving the performance of on-road vehicle detection by employing a set of Gabor filters specifically optimized for the task of vehicle detection. This is essentially a kind of feature selection, a critical issue when designing any pattern classification system. Specifically, we propose a systematic and general evolutionary Gabor filter optimization (EGFO) approach for optimizing the parameters of a set of Gabor filters in the context of vehicle detection. The objective is to build a set of filters that are capable of responding stronger to features present in vehicles than to nonvehicles, therefore improving class discrimination. The EGFO approach unifies filter design with filter selection by integrating genetic algorithms (GAs) with an incremental clustering approach. Filter design is performed using GAs, a global optimization approach that encodes the Gabor filter parameters in a chromosome and uses genetic operators to optimize them. Filter selection is performed by grouping filters having similar characteristics in the parameter space using an incremental clustering approach. This step eliminates redundant filters, yielding a more compact optimized set of filters. The resulting filters have been evaluated using an application-oriented fitness criterion based on support vector machines. We have tested the proposed framework on real data collected in Dearborn, MI, in summer and fall 2001, using Ford's proprietary low-light camera.
A Broken α-Helix in Folded α-Synuclein (2003)

alpha-Synuclein is a small cytosolic protein of presynaptic nerve terminals composed of seven 11-residue repeats and a hydrophilic tail. alpha-Synuclein misfolding and dysfunction may contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and neurodegenerative dementias, but its normal folding and function are unknown. In solution, alpha-synuclein is natively unstructured but assumes an alpha-helical conformation upon binding to phospholipid membranes. We now show that this conformation of alpha-synuclein consists of two alpha-helical regions that are interrupted by a short break. The structural organization of the alpha-helices of alpha-synuclein was not anticipated by sequence analyses and may be important for its pathogenic role.
Noncombinatorial detection of regular repetitions under perspective skew (2003)

We present a geometric framework for the efficient detection of regular repetitions of planar (but not necessarily coplanar) patterns. At the heart of our system, lie the fixed structures of the transformations that describe these regular configurations. The approach detects a number of symmetric configurations that have traditionally been dealt with separately, in that all configurations corresponding to planar homologies are detected. These include important cases such as periodicities, mirror symmetries, and reflections about a point. The approach can handle perspective distortions. It avoids to get trapped in combinatorics; through invariant-based hashing for pattern matching and through Hough transforms for the detection of fixed structures. Additional efficiency and robustness are obtained from the system's ability to "reason" about the consistency of multiple homologies. The performance of the system is demonstrated with several examples.
Nature is Prior to Us: Applying Catholic Social Thought and Anabaptist-Mennonite Theology to the Ethics of Stakeholder Prioritization for the Natural Environment (2012)

We develop a spiritual and ethical based understanding of stakeholder theory that treats the natural environment as a primary stakeholder. We consider how Catholic social thought and Anabaptist-Mennonite theology can be seen as important resources for stakeholder thought and management, especially as they pertain to the natural environment as a primary stakeholder. We provide a discussion and implications for academics and practitioners in terms of dignifying both ecology and humanity, and creating solidarity between them. We also discuss how managers can become more attuned to the environment as a primary stakeholder through the development of relationships with the land and communities.
Intelligent Decision Making Based on Data Mining Using Differential Evolution Algorithms and Framework for ETL Workflow Management (2010)

Business decision-making is not a simple task. There are many reasons for that but one of the main reason might be that data comes from different operational sources of an organization and it is difficult to organize and maintain especially if a huge volume of data is involved. A Data warehouse is helpful in this regard as it can assist in business decision-making by collecting data from different operational sources of the organization. To collect the data from different sources and then loading it into a warehouse is also difficult to manage the data on these sources is not in a consistent format. It is usually a three step process that involves extraction, transformation and loading. The extraction of data from these different sources, then transform it into a consistent format and consequently load it into the warehouse, by using ETL (Extract, transform and load) tools. Nowadays, the majority of ETL tools organize workflow. An ETL workflow can be considered as a group of ETL jobs with dependencies between them. In this research different considerations are discussed which are necessary for the proper management of workflow in context of efficient business decision-making process. The purpose of this research paper is to give a novel idea about the possibility of designing an intelligent decision support system by using the techniques of data mining as well as the differential evolution algorithm of artificial neural networks. Artificial neural networks are being used to enhance the capabilities of the intelligent decision support system. A preexisting differential evolution algorithm with slight modification is being used within the DSS environment. It has been assumed that this merger will lead towards more development and advancement within the concept of DSS.
Biomimetic Motion Planning of an Undulating Robotic Fish Fin (2006)

This paper presents a locomotion control implementation of a robotic system mimicking the undulating fins of fish. To mimic the actual flexible fin of a real fish, we created a ribbon fin type actuation device with a series of connecting linkages and attached it to the robotic fish. By virtue of a specially designed strip withaslider, eachlinkisabletoturnandslidewithrespect to the adjacent link. The driving linkages are used to form a mechanical fin consisting of several fin segments, which are able to produce undulations, similar to those produced by actual fins. By virtue of the modular and reconfigurable fin mechanisms, two robotic fish with different fin layouts have been designed and constructed: The first prototype is a robotic stingray, swimming by undulations of a pair of lateral fins-the second is a robotic knifefish, swimming by undulations of a long anal fin. The locomotion scheme and mechatronics implementation of the robotic stingray are presented and discussed with a parametric study of the slider’s workspace and joint trajectory. Some experimental observations of the robotic knifefish are alsoshownanddiscussed. Theresults demonstrate that the designed fin mechanisms are able to undulate sections of pectoral and anal fins, with different amplitudes and phases, along the length of the fin in the direction of motion. This may lead to further developments that better mimic the fin locomotion capability of real fish.
High-power HTS planar filters with novel back-side coupling (1996)

Novel back-side coupling was used to produce high-power high temperature superconducting (HTS) filters. Several 2.88 GHz, 0.7% equal-ripple bandwidth, 2-pole TE/sub 01/ mode filters were fabricated using Tl/sub 2/Ba/sub 2/CaCu/sub 2/O/sub 8/ HTS thin films on 20-mil LaAlO/sub 3/ substrates. The calibrated, measured performance of the filter at 77 K was <0.1 dB in-band insertion loss and 0.2 dB ripple up to 8 W. The uncalibrated measured performance of the filter was unchanged up to 21 W. This represents a significant advance in the power handling of planar HTS filters. These high-power, high-performance, compact HTS filters were designed to be used in transmitters for satellite communications.
Effect of bovine thymic hypocalcemic factor on increasing antibody-producing cells in mice. (1977)

Previously we reported on the lymphocyte-stimulating activity of the hypocalcemic substances (TP1, TP2) which were isolated from the bovine thymic extracts, and on their possibility of promoting immune competence (A. Mizutani, et al., Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 249, 220 (1975)). To acquire the direct evidence for promoting immune competence, both substances and several fractions, which were obtained from the thymic extracts in the course of purification, were examined for the increase in antibody-producing cells (PFC activity) in mice by the Jerne method with a minor change. Roughly, it was recognized that there was a tendency for the promotion of PFC activity of the fractions to be dependent on that of their hypocalcemic activity accompanied by lymphocyte-stimulating activity. In the administration of both TP1 and TP2, in a dose of 1 μg/mouse, to neonatal mice, significant PFC activity was found. Thus it gives a clearer understanding of the action of promoting immune competence taking the lymphocyte-stimulating action into account.
Lignin-degrading Peroxidases from Genome of Selective Ligninolytic Fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora (2012)

The white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora delignifies lignocellulose with high selectivity, but until now it has appeared to lack the specialized peroxidases, termed lignin peroxidases (LiPs) and versatile peroxidases (VPs), that are generally thought important for ligninolysis. We screened the recently sequenced C. subvermispora genome for genes that encode peroxidases with a potential ligninolytic role. A total of 26 peroxidase genes was apparent after a structural-functional classification based on homology modeling and a search for diagnostic catalytic amino acid residues. In addition to revealing the presence of nine heme-thiolate peroxidase superfamily members and the unexpected absence of the dye-decolorizing peroxidase superfamily, the search showed that the C. subvermispora genome encodes 16 class II enzymes in the plant-fungal-bacterial peroxidase superfamily, where LiPs and VPs are classified. The 16 encoded enzymes include 13 putative manganese peroxidases and one generic peroxidase but most notably two peroxidases containing the catalytic tryptophan characteristic of LiPs and VPs. We expressed these two enzymes in Escherichia coli and determined their substrate specificities on typical LiP/VP substrates, including nonphenolic lignin model monomers and dimers, as well as synthetic lignin. The results show that the two newly discovered C. subvermispora peroxidases are functionally competent LiPs and also suggest that they are phylogenetically and catalytically intermediate between classical LiPs and VPs. These results offer new insight into selective lignin degradation by C. subvermispora.
Tuning of Plasmonic Nanoparticle and Surface Enhanced Wavelength Shifting of a Nanosystem Sensing Using 3-D-FDTD Method (2014)

In this paper, we have used in-house the 3-D finite-difference time-domain method to analyze a novel design of metallic nanoparticles based on a sensing nanosystem. The proposed structure is composed of two gold-nanocylinders of finite height with varying radii separated by a nanogap. We have demonstrated that tunable plasmonic nanoparticles can be controlled by varying the size of the interparticles separation distance. By engineering the nanogaps, it is shown that a strong enhancement of the electric field is achieved. Our simulations show a pronounced wavelength shift for small nanogaps. In addition, the influence of the refractive index of the surrounding medium is presented.
Element-Based Lattice Reduction Algorithms for Large MIMO Detection (2013)

Large multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems with tens or hundreds of antennas have shown great potential for next generation of wireless communications to support high spectral efficiencies. However, due to the non-deterministic polynomial hard nature of MIMO detection, large MIMO systems impose stringent requirements on the design of reliable and computationally efficient detectors. Recently, lattice reduction (LR) techniques have been applied to improve the performance of low-complexity detectors for MIMO systems without increasing the complexity dramatically. Most existing LR algorithms are designed to improve the orthogonality of channel matrices, which is not directly related to the error performance. In this paper, we propose element-based lattice reduction (ELR) algorithms that reduce the diagonal elements of the noise covariance matrix of linear detectors and thus enhance the asymptotic performance of linear detectors. The general goal is formulated as solving a "shortest longest vector reduction" or a stronger version, "shortest longest basis reduction," both of which require high complexity to find the optimal solution. Our proposed ELR algorithms find sub-optimal solutions to the reductions with low complexity and high performance. The fundamental properties of the ELR algorithms are investigated. Simulations show that the proposed ELR-aided detectors yield better error performance than the existing low-complexity detectors for large MIMO systems while maintaining lower complexity.
Polymeric packaging film for food products (1995)

Abstract The object of this paper is to report the development and testing of a new packaging film that increases the storage term of food and agricultural products, expands the functional possibilities of film packaging and improves product quality. To achieve this, the polyolefin polymeric packaging film is produced with a structure varying across its thickness with a density gradient ranging from ½p to ¼p, where p is the density of the polyolefin. The packaging film is a system in which the communicating pores are filled with specific additives in a liquid phase.
Theory of induced voltage electromagnetic flowmeasurement (1970)

The contribution of each part of the flow to a meter signal is expressed in terms of a weight vector <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">W</tex> and the velocity ν, with the signal <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\propto \int \nu \cdot W dr</tex> over the flowmeter volume. <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">W</tex> depends on the magnetic field <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</tex> and a vector defined entirely by the electrode and flowmeter geometry. A meter is called "ideal" if the signal is proportional to the flow rate and independent of the flow pattern. The condition on <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">W</tex> for this is given and an experimental ideal meter mentioned. Since meters with small (point) electrodes cannot be ideal, weaker conditions on <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">W</tex> for flows of different types are reviewed. A technique for designing short meters suitable for rectilinear flow with an unknown axisymmetric velocity profile is briefly described. The behavior of different shapes of electrodes, including electrodes of finite and variable conductivity, is discussed. Finally the problems of pulsating flow, magnetic field specification, and nonuniform and anisotropic blood conductivity are discussed.
Atomically Flat Zigzag Edges in Monolayer MoS<sub>2</sub> by Thermal Annealing (2017)

The edges of 2D materials show novel electronic, magnetic, and optical properties, especially when reduced to nanoribbon widths. Therefore, methods to create atomically flat edges in 2D materials are essential for future exploitation. Atomically flat edges in 2D materials are found after brittle fracture or when electrically biasing, but a simple scalable approach for creating atomically flat periodic edges in monolayer 2D transition metal dichalcogenides has yet to be realized. Here, we show how heating monolayer MoS<sub>2</sub> to 800 °C in vacuum produces atomically flat Mo terminated zigzag edges in nanoribbons. We study this at the atomic level using an ultrastable in situ heating holder in an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope and discriminating Mo from S at the edge, revealing unique Mo terminations for all zigzag orientations that remain stable and atomically flat when cooling back to room temperature. Highly faceted MoS<sub>2</sub> nanoribbon constrictions are produced with Mo rich edge structures that have theoretically predicted spin separated transport channels, which are promising for spin logic applications.
Expanded dynamic range of fluorescent indicators for Ca <sup>2+</sup> by circularly permuted yellow fluorescent proteins (2004)

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technology has been used to develop genetically encoded fluorescent indicators for various cellular functions. Although most indicators have cyan- and yellow-emitting fluorescent proteins (CFP and YFP) as FRET donor and acceptor, their poor dynamic range often prevents detection of subtle but significant signals. Here, we optimized the relative orientation of the two chromophores in the Ca(2+) indicator, yellow cameleon (YC), by fusing YFP at different angles. We generated circularly permuted YFPs (cpYFPs) that showed efficient maturation and acid stability. One of the cpYFPs incorporated in YC absorbs a great amount of excited energy from CFP in its Ca(2+)-saturated form, thereby increasing the Ca(2+)-dependent change in the ratio of YFP/CFP by nearly 600%. Both in cultured cells and in the nervous system of transgenic mice, the new YC enables visualization of subcellular Ca(2+) dynamics with better spatial and temporal resolution than before. Our study provides an important guide for the development and improvement of indicators using GFP-based FRET.
The Role of Intrinsic Defects in Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite (2014)

One of the major merits of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite as an efficient absorber material for the photovoltaic cell is its long carrier lifetime. We investigate the role of the intrinsic defects of CH3NH3PbI3 on its outstanding photovoltaic properties using density-functional studies. Two types of defects are of interest, i.e., Schottky defects and Frenkel defects. Schottky defects, such as PbI2 and CH3NH3I vacancy, do not make a trap state, which can reduce carrier lifetime. Elemental defects like Pb, I, and CH3NH3 vacancies derived from Frenkel defects act as dopants, which explains the unintentional doping of methylammonium lead halides (MALHs). The absence of gap states from intrinsic defects of MALHs can be ascribed to the ionic bonding from organic-inorganic hybridization. These results explain why the perovskite MALHs can be an efficient semiconductor, even when grown using simple solution processes. It also suggests that the n-/p-type can be efficiently manipulated by controlling growth processes.
Error correction for mutually interacting qubits (2000)

For a simple model of mutually interacting qubits it is shown how the errors induced by mutual interactions can be eliminated using concatenated coding. The model is solved exactly for arbitrary interaction strength, for two well-known codes, one and two levels deep: this allows one to see under which circumstances error amplitudes add coherently or incoherently. For deeper concatenation, approximate results are derived that make it possible to calculate an approximate ``threshold'' value for the product of interaction strength and free evolution time, below which the failure probability for an encoded qubit decreases exponentially with the depth of the encoding. The results suggest that concatenated coding could fully handle the errors arising from mutual interactions, at no extra cost, in terms of resources needed, than what would be required to deal with random environmental errors.
Probing for Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction Using Intranasal Midazolam Sedation as an Alternative to General Anesthesia (2006)

Abstract Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of topical anesthesia with sedation using intranasal midazolam in patients with symptomatic congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction undergoing probing. Patiente and Methods: In this prospective study, probing was performed with general anesthesia (30 cases) and with topical anesthesia using intranasal midazolam (0.3 mg/kg; 44 cases) in 74 patients who were divided into two groups, those 6 to 36 months old and those older than 36 months. The groups were compared after 12 to 48 months (mean, 18.2 months). Resulte: For the patients 6 to 36 months old, the success rate was 80% in the group who received general anesthesia and 88.9% in the group who received topical anesthesia with intranasal midazolam; the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P > .05). For the patients older than 36 months, the success rate was 20% in the group who received general anesthesia and 25% in the group who received topical anesthesia with intranasal midazolam; there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>.05). Conclusions: Probing with topical anesthesia in the office setting is usually recommended for patients younger than 8 months. Our results show that this is suitable for children until 4 years of age with the support of intranasal midazolam sedation. Probing under topical anesthesia with intranasal midazolam is cost-effective, safe, and comparable in efficacy to probing under general anesthesia but with less risk.
Allergy to Cocamidopropyl Betaine and Amidoamine in North America (2004)

In North America, both CAPB and AA are useful allergens for detecting ACD.
Determination of Particle Size Distribution-- Apparatus and Techniques for Flour Mill Dust (1950)

Flour 7. Path of Observation on Slide when Measuring Particles with Microscope and Method of Measuring Particles on Microscope Screen.