gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conservation of the expression and function of <i>apterous</i> orthologs in <i>Drosophila</i> and mammals (1999)

The Drosophila apterous (ap) gene encodes a protein of the LIM-homeodomain family. Many transcription factors of this class have been conserved during evolution; however, the functional significance of their structural conservation is generally not known. ap is best known for its fundamental role as a dorsal selector gene required for patterning and growth of the wing, but it also has other important functions required for neuronal fasciculation, fertility, and normal viability. We isolated mouse (mLhx2) and human (hLhx2) ap orthologs, and we used transgenic animals and rescue assays to investigate the conservation of the Ap protein during evolution. We found that the human protein LHX2 is able to regulate correctly ap target genes in the fly, causes the same phenotypes as Ap when ectopically produced, and most importantly rescues ap mutant phenotypes as efficiently as the fly protein. In addition, we found striking similarities in the expression patterns of the Drosophila and murine genes. Both mLhx2 and ap are expressed in the respective nerve cords, eyes, olfactory organs, brain, and limbs. These results demonstrate the conservation of Ap protein function across phyla and argue that aspects of its expression pattern have also been conserved from a common ancestor of insects and vertebrates.
BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF BARKI SHEEP UNDER TWO DIFFERENT BREEDING SEASONS (2008)

The present study was conducted to investigate the impact of breeding season on the productivity and profitability of Barki flock. Simulation technique was used based on technical coefficients derived from statistical analysis of the basic data. Basic data utilized in this study were obtained from the accumulated records collected over 34 successive breeding seasons from 1972 to 2005 of Barki sheep flock raised at Maryout Research Station. Biological criteria considered were number of ewes lambed per ewe joined, (EL/EJ), number of lambs born per ewe joined (LB/EJ), number of lambs weaned per ewe joined (LW/EJ), kilogram weaned per ewe joined (KGW/EJ). Deterministic technical coefficients were used to create two simulated flocks of two different breeding seasons. Economical indicators were gross margin (GM) per flock and per ewe, marginal rate of return (MRR), cost of one kg of meat produced and benefit/cost ratio (B/C). The overall least squares means for EL/EJ, LB/EJ, LW/EJ and KGW/EJ were 78 %, 80 %, 61 % and 11.9 kg, respectively. Analysis of variance showed that autumn breeding season flock was significantly higher than summer breeding season flock in all studied traits. Flock applying autumn breeding season achieved higher gross margin per flock, per ewe, B/C and lower variable cost per one kg of meat produced than flock applying summer breeding season ( LE 47703 vs. LE 30699), (LE 95.5 vs. LE 61.8), (1.35 vs. 1.25) and (LE 14.6 vs. LE 15.8), respectively. While, MRR was LE 2.40.
Management of Small Renal Masses: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline (2017)

Purpose To provide recommendations for the management options for patients with small renal masses (SRMs). Methods By using a literature search and prospectively defined study selection, we sought systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized clinical trials, prospective comparative observational studies, and retrospective studies published from 2000 through 2015. Outcomes included recurrence-free survival, disease-specific survival, and overall survival. Results Eighty-three studies, including 20 systematic reviews and 63 primary studies, met the eligibility criteria and form the evidentiary basis for the guideline recommendations. Recommendations On the basis of tumor-specific findings and competing risks of mortality, all patients with an SRM should be considered for a biopsy when the results may alter management. Active surveillance should be an initial management option for patients who have significant comorbidities and limited life expectancy. Partial nephrectomy (PN) for SRMs is the standard treatment that should be offered to all patients for whom an intervention is indicated and who possess a tumor that is amenable to this approach. Percutaneous thermal ablation should be considered an option if complete ablation can reliably be achieved. Radical nephrectomy for SRMs should only be reserved for patients who possess a tumor of significant complexity that is not amenable to PN or for whom PN may result in unacceptable morbidity even when performed at centers with expertise. Referral to a nephrologist should be considered if chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 45 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>) or progressive chronic kidney disease occurs after treatment, especially if associated with proteinuria.
A collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm using user implicit demographic information (2012)

With development of network technology and society, people enjoy the e-commerce shopping convenience while also deeply troubled by the "information overload" problem. Recommendation systems help the customers find suitable products they need from a large number of commodities. Among the recommendation systems, the most widely used algorithm is collaborative filtering (CF) recommendation algorithm. In order to improve the recommendation quality, many scholars combined demographic information with CF algorithm, but they did not take into account the user implicit demographic information. However, there is a gap between explicit demographic information and implicit demographic information. To solve this problem, we propose a way to mine the user implicit demographic information. Then we introduce uncertain multiple attribute decision making method into our algorithm to find out a set of initial items. Finally, we recommend items users might like in the set of initial items according to the similarity. Experiments show that this method is more reasonable and more accurate to make recommendations for the target users.
Orchid: a novel management, annotation and machine learning framework for analyzing cancer mutations (2017)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
USE OF FINS ON PILES FOR INCREASED TENSION CAPACITY (SPIN-FIN PILES). FINAL REPORT (1987)

Tension capacity of pipe piles with screw-type fins (spin-fins) is compared to tension capacity of pipe piles with straight fins and without fins. Spin-fin piles are driven piles with welded fin attachments which modify pile behavior under both tensile and compressive loads. Uplift load test results on 2, 8 5/8, and 16 diameter piles form the core of the report, and discussion of relative pile characteristics and capacities augments these results. A short summary of the pile test procedures and a graphical summary of pile test results are presented. Advantages and disadvantages of spin-fin piles are summarized and potential applications are presented. Test results indicate that spin-fin piles have the following advantages over unmodified pipe piles: increased ultimate tension and compression capacity, no loss of strength after repetitive loading beyond yield point, and failure mode is progressive, not catastrophic. It is expected that spin-fin piles will increasingly be used to replace unmodified piles in many applications.
Drop Tests for the 6M Specification Package Closure Investigation (2004)

Results of tests of drum-type RAM packages employing conventional clamp-ring closures have caused concern over the DOT 6M Specification Package. To clarify these issues, a series of tests were performed to determine the response of the clamp-ring closure to the regulatory Hypothetical Accident Condition (9m) drop tests, for packages at maximum allowable weight. Three enhanced closure designs were also tested: the Clamshell, plywood disk reinforcement, and J-Clip. The results of the tests showed that the standard closure was unable to retain the top for both Center-of-Gravity-Over-Corner and Shallow Angle cases, for the standard package, at its maximum allowed weight. Similar results were found for packages dropped from a reduced height. The Clamshell design provided the best performance of the enhanced closures. It was concluded that the closure ring design employed on the 6M is inadequate to retain the top during the regulatory test sequence, for packages at the maximum allowed weight. For large heavy packages, the Center-of-Gravity- Over-Corner case is more challenging than the Shallow Angle case. The Clamshell design securely retained the top for all HAC test cases, and prevented formation of any opening which could compromise fire test performance.
Molecular cloning and sequencing of a cDNA for olfactory marker protein. (1987)

cDNA clones corresponding to mRNA for rat olfactory marker protein (OMP) were isolated from a cDNA library. The library was constructed from olfactory mucosa poly(A)+ RNA enriched for OMP mRNA and cloned into a pBR322-derived plasmid, pMG5. OMP cDNA clones were detected by using a 17-base oligonucleotide probe that contained all 16 possible sequences coding for a known partial amino acid sequence of rat OMP. The identity of these clones was confirmed by hybrid-selected translation and nucleotide sequencing. The sequence of one clone was determined and contained the complete OMP coding region of 486 nucleotides followed by 1630 nucleotides of the 3' untranslated region. The 3' untranslated region included the polyadenylylation signal 16 nucleotides upstream of the poly(A) tail. No other ATG-initiated open reading frame larger than 20 codons was present in register. RNA blot analysis of olfactory mucosa poly(A)+ RNA using this clone as a probe indicated that the level of OMP mRNA, but not its size, declined significantly within a few days following olfactory bulbectomy. OMP mRNA was not detected in 14 nonolfactory rat tissues. Surprisingly, a small amount of OMP mRNA was observed in olfactory bulb. The presence of OMP mRNA in olfactory bulb was confirmed by in vitro translation and immunoprecipitation. These results suggest either that a previously undescribed population of neurons in the olfactory bulb synthesize OMP or that OMP mRNA is transported to the bulb by axonal transport.
A new method for atrial electrical activity analysis from surface ECG signals using an energy ratio measure (2009)

A new method called separation using maximum energy ratio (SUMER) is introduced. Using 12 lead ECG signals, SUMER tries to separate the atrial activity from the ventricular activity. Relying on the assumption that the atrial activity can be reconstructed from a linear combination of 12 lead ECG signals, SUMER looks for the combination that will give us the best representation of the atrial activity. A cost function that is the energy ratio between different segments in the ECG signal is created. Forcing the linear combination to find the maximum possible cost function gives us the desired combination. The method presents better separation performances than the ICA method, and provides tools for the next phase of P wave detection.
Improved light output of GaN-based vertical light emitting diodes using SiO2 nanotube arrays and transparent metal oxide current conduction layer (2011)

The use of a refractive index matching (RIM) structure with indium zinc oxide (IZO) transparent conduction layer and SiO2 nanotube (SiO2-NT) arrays to improve light extraction of vertical structure KOH-etched GaN-based light emitting diodes (VLEDs) is demonstrated. Compared to regular VLED with KOH-roughened surface, it shows considerable gains in light emitted critical angle and light output power by 21.3° and 103% at 350 mA, respectively. These improvements could be attributed to the effectiveness of the IZO/SiO2-NT RIM scheme in ameliorating current crowding and significantly minimizing the total internal reflection effect.
TRYPSINOGEN AND CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN AS HOMOLOGOUS PROTEINS (1964)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Robust Hybrid Beamforming with Phased Antenna Arrays for Downlink SDMA in Indoor 60 GHz Channels (2013)

A hybrid architecture is presented for downlink beamforming (BF) with phased antenna arrays (PAA) in indoor 60 GHz spatial division multiple access (SDMA) channels. To manage the multiple access and inter-symbol interferences (MAI/ISI) encountered in SDMA with limited feedbacks, a cost-effective time-domain hybrid BF (HBF) method is presented to exploit the directivity provided by PAA in radio frequency (RF) beam patterns and the spatial diversity offered by multiple baseband processing modules. To maintain signal qualities under unpredictable MAI/ISI in wireless multimedia streaming to which indoor 60 GHz radio mainly applies, robust beamformers are designed to maintain the signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for each user with minimum total transmit power. The percentages in which the target SINRs can be satisfied with the proposed HBF schemes are found sensitive to uncertainties in the phase shifters of PAA. Two kinds of robust formulations are thus proposed to jointly combat the MAI, ISI and phase uncertainties. Robust beamformers with semi closed-form expressions can be obtained with a nonlinear kind of them, whose SINR satisfaction ratio can attain 80% or more by extensive simulations in an indoor two-user 60 GHz environment if RF beam patterns of the users do not highly overlap in space.
Don't hesitate to share! (2019)

In cloud-based Internet of Things (IoT), sharing of data with third-party services and other users, inherently incurs potential risk and leads to unique security and privacy concerns. Existing cryptographic solutions ensure the security of IoT data, but due to their significant computational overhead, most of them are not suitable for resource-constrained IoT devices. To address these concerns, we propose a data protection system to store encrypted IoT data in a cloud while still allowing query processing over the encrypted data. More importantly, our proposed system features a novel encrypted data sharing scheme based on Boneh-Goh-Nissim (BGN) cryptosystem, with revocation capabilities and in-situ key update. We perform exhaustive experiments on real datasets, primarily to assess the feasibility of the proposed system on resource-constrained IoT devices. We next measure the computation overhead, storage overhead and throughput. The experimental results show that our system is not only feasible, but also provides a high level of security. Furthermore, the results show that our system is 34% more computationally faster, requires 25% less storage and 15% more throughput than the best performed system in the state-of-the-art.
To stent or not to stent. (1999)

Coronary artery stenting has definitely been proven to improve results of percutaneous revascularisation in a large number of patients. Stenting reduces restenosis in large vessels above 3 mm diameter. Stenting has not solved the problem of restenosis but in spite of the inevitable in-stent restenosis due to neointimal proliferation seems to yield better long-term results than conventional PTCA. Adjunctive pharmacological treatment with aspirin and clopidogrel in combination with improved stent deployment techniques has reduced the incidence of subacute stent thrombosis. GP IIb/IIIa inhibition is a promising mean for the reduction of procedure related ischaemic events and complications not only with stent implantation but also with conventional PTCA. Other new devices may further influence the treatment choices of stenting versus conventional PTCA in the future. Novel approaches such as brachytherapy and molecular genetic approaches to reduce in-stent restenosis are currently being investigated but to date no conclusions can be drawn as to their future place in clinical practice. From a mechanistic standpoint it seems obvious to give all our efforts to protect patients with coronary atherosclerosis from loss of myocardium either with coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous revascularisation. As both approaches are palliative in nature, it may be useful to attempt percutaneous revascularisation in patients amenable to this therapy and thus obviate or delay the need for definitive revascularisation by coronary artery bypass grafting. At the end of this discussion we would like to remind that medical therapy for coronary artery disease is of utmost importance as all revascularisation procedures do not influence the underlying disease. Besides symptomatic relief of angina, treatment of heart failure, and other beneficial strategies to improve endothelial function, medical therapy with lipid lowering compounds together with risk factor control offers the possibility to delay progression of coronary artery disease.
An achievable bound for optimal noiseless coding of a random variable (Corresp.) (1986)

For a discrete <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> -valued random variable ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> possibly denumerably infinite) Leung-Yan-Cheong and Cover have given bounds for the minimal expected length of a one-to-one (not necessarily uniquely decodable) code <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L_{1:1}=\sum_{i=1}^{N} p_{i} \log \left( \frac{1}{2} + 1 \right).</tex> It is shown that the best possible case occurs for certain denumerably infinite sets of nonzero probabilities. This absolute bound is related to the Shannon entropy <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</tex> of the distribution by <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(h (\cdot)</tex> is the binary entropy function).
Pyrolyses of the Salts of the Perfluoro Carboxylic Acids<sup>1</sup> (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrolyses of the Salts of the Perfluoro Carboxylic Acids1J. D. LaZerte, L. J. Hals, T. S. Reid, and G. H. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 18, 4525–4528Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01114a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01114a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views661Altmetric-Citations105LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Organic Field-Effect Transistors Using Hetero-Layered Structure with OLED Materials (2011)

In recent years, organic transistors have attracted much attention due to their advantages in developing low-cost, flexible, and large-area production. So far, many kinds of organic materials have been reported to achieve high-performance organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). There are two types of organic semiconductors, p-type and n-type, whose majority carriers are holes and electrons, respectively. For logic gates application, both types and similar performance OFETs are required for CMOS application. Pentacene is the most popular material in p-type OFET, and many kinds of polymer materials are also reported (McCulloch et al., 2006). On the other hand, the performance of n-type OFETs is generally inferior to that of p-type (Dimitrakopoulos and Malenfant, 2002). In particular, stability in air is the most serious problem in n-type OFET. Fullerene is the most standard n-type material showing the highest mobility (Singh et al., 2007); however, the device cannot operate in air. There are two guidelines to achieve high mobility and high stability in n-type OFET. One is to develop a new material having deeper LUMO level. Oxygen and water deteriorate OFET performance by accepting electrons from the semiconductor molecule. Therefore, enough deep LUMO level is an efficient way to avoid effect of oxygen or water. In fact, there have been many materials having deep LUMO levels, for example, perylene bisimide compound, fullerene derivatives, fluorinated compounds, and so on. The other important point is surface treatment of the insulator. The field-effect mobility of the organic semiconductor is strongly affected by the device fabrication process. Various methods on surface treatments have been reported to improve the carrier mobility. The HMDS treatment is a standard and efficient way to make the surface hydrophobic (Lin et al., 1997; Lim et al., 2005). Organic semiconductor can aggregate with high crystallinity on the hydrophobic surface without influence of the substrate surface. These methods were developed in p-type OFETs; however, they are also efficient to improve the mobility and stability of n-type OFETs. Recently, it has been pointed out that low mobility and instability in air of n-type organic semiconductor is attributed to the surface electron traps of the gate insulator, and if electron traps can be perfectly eliminated, almost organic semiconductors can be operate in n-type mode (Chua et al., 2005). Therefore, it has been believed that the gate insulator surface should be as possible as inert to achieve high mobility and stability in n-type OFETs.
Relationships between Serum Markers of Monocyte/Macrophage Activation in Type 1 Gaucher's Disease (2002)

We studied 44 patients with type 1 Gaucher's disease (16 non-treated patients and 28 treated with enzyme replacement therapy). We measured serum levels of chitotriosidase (ChT), neopterin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and beta-hexosaminidase (Hex) and its major isoenzymes Hex A and Hex B. In the untreated group of patients, the increase in serum levels was ChT>neopterin>ACE> ADA>Hex, with all decreasing significantly in treated patients (p< 0.001). Highly significant correlations were obtained between the markers of monocyte/macrophage activation which were tested (p<0.001). However, partial correlations between serum Hex B (with Hex A constant) and ChT, ACE, neopterin and ADA did not reach statistical significance. This suggests that hepatocytes are the major cellular source of this isoenzyme. Similarly, partial correlation of ChT with neopterin, with the other variables constant, was not significant, which would suggest a different expression of these two markers in Gaucher's disease.