gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Jasmonate Signaling (2013)

It is now well established that jasmonates, originally identified as the major component of jasmine scent, play a universal role in the plant kingdom and are involved in the regulation of diverse aspects of plant biology, including growth, development, metabolism, and interaction with the environment. In Jasmonate Signaling: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field aim to unite powerful emerging omics platforms with a number of key reductionist approaches to form a comprehensive collection of tools and protocols. The detailed chapters in this book embrace physiological, environmental, molecular, omics, and bioinformatics approaches that allow dissecting jasmonate actions in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana or in other plants. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters feature introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, along with tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Jasmonate Signaling: Methods and Protocols will empower interested researchers to dissect all steps of jasmonate signaling and the processes they modulate.
Protein adsorption drastically reduces surface‐enhanced Raman signal of dye molecules (2009)

Abstract There is an increasing interest in developing surface enhancement Raman spectroscopy methods for intracellular biomolecule and for in vitro protein detection that involve dye or protein–dye conjugates. In this work, we have demonstrated that protein adsorption on silver nanoparticle (AgNP) can significantly attenuate the surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) signal of dye molecules in both protein/dye mixtures and protein/dye conjugates. SERS spectra of 12 protein/dye mixtures were acquired using 4 proteins [bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme, trypsin, and concanavalin A] and three dyes [Rhodamine 6G, adenine, and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)]. Besides the protein/dye mixtures, spectra were also obtained for the free dyes and four FITC‐conjugated proteins. While no SERS signal was observed in protein/FITC mixtures or conjugates, a significantly reduced SERS intensity (up to 3 orders of magnitude) was observed for both R6G and adenine in their respective protein mixtures. Quantitative estimation of the number of dye molecules absorbed onto AgNP implied that the degree of R6G SERS signal reduction in the R6G/BSA sample is 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than what could be accounted for by the difference in the amount of the absorbed dyes. This finding has significant implications for both intracellular SERS analyses and in vitro protein detection using SERS tagging strategies that rely on Raman dyes as reporter molecules. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Program Specification Applied to a Text Formatter (1982)

Presentation of the fonnal specification of a small text formatter illustrates an approach to the construction of formal specifications. The key features of this approvach are described, and their beneficial influence on the construction and organization of specifications of tasks, especially those for which no concise descriptions are possible, are discussed. The intent is that in addition to serving as formal descriptions of tasks, such specifications will be of use in the processes of verification, development, and maintenance of their implementations.
New Insight on the Response of Bacteria to Fluoride (2012)

Fluoride has been used for decades to prevent caries and it is well established that this anion can inhibit the growth of bacteria. However, the precise effects that fluoride has on bacteria and the mechanisms that bacteria use to overcome fluoride toxicity have largely remained unexplored. Recently, my laboratory reported the discovery of biological systems that bacteria use to sense fluoride and reduce fluoride toxicity. These sensors and their associated genes are very widespread in biology, which has implications for a number of issues that are central to the use of fluoride for dental care. Below I provide a summary of our findings, comment on some of the key prospects for expanding our understanding of fluoride's effects on biology, and propose some future uses of this knowledge.
Construction Use of Vitrified Chromium-Contaminated Soils (2000)

This paper describes the test results of a demonstration study on the use of vitrified soils as highway construction aggregates. It is based on a bench- and pilot-scale feasibility study of the remediation of chromium-contaminated soil through cold top ex situ vitrification, making glass from wastes. Based on bench-scale tests, approximately six tons of chromium-contaminated soil from two different sites were vitrified. To determine the suitability as construction aggregate, vitrified soils were subjected to several tests. The bench- and pilot-scale test results were compared with New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) and ASTM specifications for construction aggregates. The results showed that the vitrified soils could be accepted as an aggregate material. Then the vitrified chromium-contaminated soils were used as aggregate in hot mix asphalt (HMA). Mix designs were performed to determine the maximum amount of vitrified chromium-contaminated soils that can be added to make satisfactory hot mix asphalt concrete mixes. The test showed that it is possible to include up to 58.8% of vitrified chromium-contaminated soils from both sites in HMA mixes. In order to evaluate the performance of HMA made with vitrified chromium-contaminated soils, the Marshall test, the durability test, and the hydraulic conductivity test were performed. The hot mix asphalt concrete mixes made with vitrified soil performed very well, suggesting the suitability of using vitrified chromium-contaminated soils in construction.
Spontaneous circulating immune complex like material in Brown-Norway rats. Role of environmental factors. (1982)

Brown-Norway rats maintained under conventional housing conditions showed a significant increase in the C1q binding activity of serum and to a lesser extent of the Raji cell assay whereas no change was observed, in BN rats maintained under specific pathogen free (SPF) conditions. Glomerular IgG deposits were encountered among rats with circulating immune complexes (CIC). This suggests that microbiological environment is a major factor in the spontaneous appearance of CIC which could be of pathogenic significance.
Selective Hydrogenation of Butyronitrile over Raney-Metals (2004)

The selective hydrogenation of butyronitrile to n-butylamine over Raney catalysts was tested in a high-pressure, three-phase reactor. ATR-IR technique was used to follow in-situ the hydrogenation of butyronitrile. INS spectroscopy was used to characterize the catalytic process on the metal surface. Further, the characterization study of each catalyst was carried out. The selectivity was the highest over LiOH-doped Raney-Co (nearly 100 %) as the bi-molecular, surface condensation to N-butylidene-butylamine becomes negligible. The LiOH modification (i) quenches the Al 3+ Lewis acid sites that catalyze the condensation reaction (ii) reduces the catalyst sorption capacity for reactive species (iii) increases the probability of the step-wise hydrogenation via nitrene species. Further, in the presence of the strong nucleophile OH- the condensation reaction is hindered.
pH Dependence of the oxidation of iodide by compound I of horseradish peroxidase (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTpH Dependence of the oxidation of iodide by compound I of horseradish peroxidaseR. Roman and H. B. DunfordCite this: Biochemistry 1972, 11, 11, 2076–2082Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1972https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00761a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views375Altmetric-Citations119LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (718 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Ultrastructural changes in aging rat tracheal gland. (1991)

Ultrastructural differences in the tracheal gland between young and aged rats were studied. Marked differences were observed in the serous cells between the young (8-17 week-old) and the aged (20-30 month-old) subjects. The secretory granules of the serous cells of the young subjects were homogeneously electron dense, whilst those of the aged subjects had a bizonal appearance. These bizonal granules contained abundant mucous material. The trans Golgi network of the aged rat serous cells was more developed and formed a fine meshwork in comparison with that of the young subjects. In the aged subjects, findings indicate alterations not only in the function of the Golgi apparatus including formation of secretory granules and addition of terminal sugars to the secretory protein but also the histochemical and ultrastructural properties of the secretory material. The changes in the Golgi apparatus are possibly responsible for depression of the tracheal host defense mechanism and might explain why various airway diseases increase with aging.
Reduced Lysis upon Growth of <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> on Galactose Is a Consequence of Decreased Binding of the Autolysin AcmA (2008)

When Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IL1403 or L. lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363 is grown in a medium with galactose as the carbon source, the culture lyses to a lesser extent in stationary phase than when the bacteria are grown in a medium containing glucose. Expression of AcmA, the major autolysin of L. lactis, is not influenced by the carbon source. Binding studies with a fusion protein consisting of the MSA2 protein of Plasmodium falciparum and the C-terminal peptidoglycan-binding domain of AcmA revealed that cell walls of cells from both subspecies grown on galactose bind less AcmA than cell walls of cells grown on glucose. Cells grown on glucose or galactose and treated with trichloroacetic acid prior to AcmA binding bind similar amounts of AcmA. Analysis of the composition of the lipoteichoic acids (LTAs) of L. lactis IL1403 cells grown on glucose or galactose showed that the LTA composition is influenced by the carbon source: cells grown on galactose contain LTA with less galactose than cells grown on glucose. In conclusion, growth of L. lactis on galactose changes the LTA composition in the cell wall in such a way that less AcmA is able to bind to the peptidoglycan, resulting in a decrease in autolysis.
Heat injury in children (1987)

1From the Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital, Augusta, Georgia 2St. Francis Hospital, Colorado Springs, Colorado, and the Department of Adult and Pediatric Emergency Medicine, University Hospital, Augusta, Georgia.
Development and Field Applications of Highly Conductive Proppant-free Channel Fracturing Method (2014)

Abstract Various methods are used to overcome choking effects in propped fractures to enhance and maintain well productivity (particularly in low-permeability reservoirs). Choking effects can result from permeability damage caused by fracturing gel residues, low-proppant concentrations, proppant crushing from high closure stresses or use of low-quality fracturing sand, or embedment/intrusion of formation materials into the proppant pack. This paper describes the development and field applications of a new well stimulation method for generating stable and highly conductive channels within a propped fracture to help maximize the transport capability of hydrocarbons from the formation reservoir to the wellbore. Extensive laboratory experiments and large-scale testing were performed to evaluate the formation and stability of proppant aggregates and proppant-free channels (PFCs). Proppant-laden slurry (prepared by mixing fracturing sand coated with an agglomerating agent in a gel fluid) and crosslinkable proppant-free spacer fluid were pulsed intermittently to form proppant aggregated masses surrounded by proppant-free gel slugs. Highly conductive channels were formed surrounding the proppant aggregates after crosslinked gel slugs were broken and removed from the propped fracture, leaving behind proppant aggregated masses that supported the closed fracture. Field trials were performed in unconventional and conventional oil formations. Injection pressures of proppant-laden slurry and proppant-free spacer using the pulsing approach were found to be significantly lower than those applied with conventional hydraulic fracturing treatments, indicating this new method helps alleviate the risks of screenout, as the proppant-free spacer sweeps and mitigates the proppant buildup in the near-wellbore (NWB) area. Field results showed production in wells treated with the proppant-free channel fracturing method increased significantly, even using 40% less total proppant, compared to production of offset wells in which conventional fracturing treatments were performed.
Celiac Disease and Malignancy (1980)

Fifty-five patients with celiac disease and coexistent malignant disease (27 lymphoma, 28 other malignancies) are described. The important clinical features at presentation of lymphoma were weight loss, abdominal pain, diarrhea, profound weakness and fever, associated with anemia, raised ESR, hypoalbuminemia and steatorrhea. There were no specific features to enable earlier diagnosis. Radiology was unhelpful and in no case were malignant cells seen in the jejunal biopsy. Four of the lymphomas were Hodgkin's disease, none of which involved the bowel; the remainder were reticulum cell sarcoma, 17 of which involved the bowel. Definitive diagnosis prior to death was made in only 18 patients, of whom 16 survived from 2 to 226 days (mean, 76 days). Of the remaining two patients, one is still alive, while the other died 26 years after the original diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease. The possibility of lymphoma should be considered in those who present with celiac disease in middle life and in those who deteriorate for no apparent reason after a period of stability on a gluten-free diet. The index of suspicion for lymphoma in celiac disease should be high and early laparotomy be considered in patients with unexplained deterioration. Twenty-eight patients with 29 carcinomas and 3 other tumors are also described. The presentations of these malignancies were no different from their presentations in non-celiac patients, and their development did not provoke a relapse of celiac disease. Considering the whole series of 55 patients, there was little evidence for the view that malignancy itself was the cause of the flat jejunal mucosal appearances seen in these patients.
Heterogeneous cloud radio access networks: a new perspective for enhancing spectral and energy efficiencies (2014)

To mitigate the severe inter-tier interference and enhance the limited cooperative gains resulting from the constrained and non-ideal transmissions between adjacent base stations in HetNets, H-CRANs are proposed as cost-efficient potential solutions through incorporating cloud computing into HetNets. In this article, state-of-the-art research achievements and challenges of H-CRANs are surveyed. In particular, we discuss issues of system architectures, spectral and energy efficiency performance, and promising key techniques. A great emphasis is given toward promising key techniques in HCRANs to improve both spectral and energy efficiencies, including cloud-computing-based coordinated multipoint transmission and reception, large-scale cooperative multiple antenna, cloud-computing-based cooperative radio resource management, and cloud-computingbased self-organizing networks in cloud converging scenarios. The major challenges and open issues in terms of theoretical performance with stochastic geometry, fronthaul-constrained resource allocation, and standard development that may block the promotion of H-CRANs are discussed as well.
Genome-wide association study identifies genomic regions of association for cruciate ligament rupture in Newfoundland dogs (2014)

Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) is the most common cause of pelvic limb lameness in dogs. To investigate the genetic basis of canine CCLR, we conducted a genome-wide association study using a canine SNP array in Newfoundland pedigree dogs with and without CCLR (n = 96). We identified three main chromosomal regions of CCLR association (on chromosomes 1, 3 and 33). Each of these regions was confirmed by Sequenom genotyping in a further cohort of Newfoundlands (n = 271). The results, particularly SNPs identified in the SORCS2 and SEMA5B genes, suggest that there may be neurological pathways involved in susceptibility to canine CCLR.
Analysis of T lymphocyte subsets in cytomegalovirus mononucleosis. (1981)

Lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogens and herpes virus antigens are diminished during cytomegalovirus (CMV) mononucleosis. We analyzed peripheral blood T lymphocytes from patients in the acute and convalescent phases of CMV mononucleosis using monoclonal antibodies directed against the T helper and the T cytotoxic-suppressor cell subsets. Acute CMV infection is associated with a reversal in the normal ratio of helper to suppressor T lymphocytes with relative and absolute decreases in T helper cells and corresponding increases in T suppressor cells. These alterations in T lymphocyte subsets are accompanied by diminished lymphocyte responses to the mitogen concanavalin A (Con A). During convalescence, helper T lymphocytes increase, suppressor T lymphocytes decrease, and Con A responses return to normal.
A GaAs integrated hall sensor/amplifier (1986)

GaAs Hall sensor, amplifiers, comparator, and a TTL compatible output buffer were integerated into a three-terminal device. yields of 34 percent have been demonstrated for magnetic thresholds of +/- 450 G or less. Circuits are operable between -30 and +200°C.
Antibodies from the Lyb-5- B cell subset predominate in the secondary IgG response to phosphocholine. (1982)

The X-linked CBA/N immune defect was used to investigate the role of the Lyb-5- B cell subset in phosphocholine- (PC) specific memory responses. Immune-defective mice, which express only the Lyb-5- B cell subset, are unable to mount a primary or secondary T15+, IgM response to PC but can produce a substantial secondary IgG response. The majority of these IgG anti-PC antibodies are T15- and can be inhibited by phenylphosphocholine, but not PC. Normal mice, which possess Lyb-5+ and Lyb-5- B cells, produce both IgM and IgG anti-PC antibodies; however, there is a striking difference in the idiotype and fine specificity of antibodies expressed by these two classes. The IgM anti-PC antibodies are T15+ and PC-inhibitable, whereas the IgG antibodies are identical to those observed in the immune-defective mice, i.e., T15- and PC-noninhibitable. This unexpected difference in both idiotype and fine specificity between IgM and IgG anti-PC antibodies results from activation of different B cell subsets. Lyb-5+ B cells produce T15+, PC-inhibitable IgM antibodies, whereas T15-, PC-noninhibitable IgG antibodies are produced by Lyb-5- B cells. These data indicate that a majority of the thymus-dependent, anti-PC IgG memory responses arises from Lyb-5- B cells.
A (2013)

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Recommendation for random number generation using deterministic random bit generators (2012)

This Recommendation specifies mechanisms for the generation of random bits using deterministic methods. The methods provided are based on either hash functions, block cipher algorithms or number theoretic problems.
Transfer functions of the conjugative integrating element pSAM2 from Streptomyces ambofaciens: characterization of a kil-kor system associated with transfer (1993)

pSAM2 is an 11-kb integrating element from Streptomyces ambofaciens. During matings, pSAM2 can be transferred at high frequency, forming pocks, which are zones of growth inhibition of the recipient strain. The nucleotide sequences of the regions involved in pSAM2 transfer, pock formation, and maintenance have been determined. Seven putative open reading frames with the codon usage typical of Streptomyces genes have been identified: traSA (306 amino acids [aa]), orf84 (84 aa), spdA (224 aa), spdB (58 aa), spdC (51 aa), spdD (104 aa), and korSA (259 aa). traSA is essential for pSAM2 intermycelial transfer and pock formation. It could encode a protein with similarities to the major transfer protein, Tra, of pIJ101. TraSA protein contains a possible nucleotide-binding sequence and a transmembrane segment. spdA, spdB, spdC, and spdD influence pock size and transfer efficiency and may be required for intramycelial transfer. A kil-kor system similar to that of pIJ101 is associated with pSAM2 transfer: the korSA (kil-override) gene product could control the expression of the traSA gene, which has lethal effects when unregulated (Kil phenotype). The KorSA protein resembles KorA of pIJ101 and repressor proteins belonging to the GntR family. Thus, the integrating element pSAM2 possesses for transfer general features of nonintegrating Streptomyces plasmids: different genes are involved in the different steps of the intermycelial and intramycelial transfer, and a kil-kor system is associated with transfer. However, some differences in the functional properties, organization, and sizes of the transfer genes compared with those of other Streptomyces plasmids have been found.
DNA inserted two bases down from the initiation site of a SP6 polymerase transcription vector is transcribed efficiently<i>in vitro</i> (1987)

DNA inserted two bases down fr-om the iniitiation site of a SP6 polymerase transcription vector is