gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of somatic mutation in a transgenic versus host locus. (1993)

Somatic mutations can now be quantified in almost any cell type in mice carrying bacterial genes in a lambda phage shuttle vector. Mutations induced in vivo are detectable ex vivo, after packaging host-cell DNA into phage that are grown on suitable bacteria. However, the transgenic DNA differs from many host loci in several ways: it (i) is prokaryotic DNA, (ii) is present in multiple tandem copies, and (iii) is heavily methylated and probably not expressed. Thus, mutation of a transgene may not be a suitable model of the host loci, which are eukaryotic, unique, and expressed. To test the relevance of the transgene mutation model, the frequencies of the bacterial lacI+ to lacI- mutations induced in half of the small intestine were compared with the frequencies of the host Dlb-1b to Dlb-1a mutations induced in the other half. The loci responded similarly to ethyl nitrosourea (ENU) with respect to the animal's age and sex, sex of the parent transmitting the transgene, and expression time. ENU dose-response curves were similar. Furthermore, no difference was found at the Dlb-1 locus between transgenic and nontransgenic siblings. In contrast, x-rays induced few lacI mutations but many Dlb-1 mutations. Probably few large deletions are detectable at lacI, but many are detectable at Dlb-1. If so, an important class of mutation is not readily detected in these transgenic mice. With this exception, the transgene and host gene responded similarly in this somewhat limited trial, as is necessary if the transgenic mice are to be a useful model.
Adhesion studies on dental enamel surfaces irradiated by a rapidly scanned carbon dioxide laser (2011)

In this study, we investigated the influence of different laser scanning patterns on the adhesive strength of laser irradiated enamel surfaces both with and without post ablation acid etching. Previous studies of dental enamel surfaces ablated by a rapidly scanned carbon dioxide laser indicated that the highly uniform smooth surfaces produced by the scanned laser beam yielded low bond strength and acid etching was required in order to attain a high bond strength. However, since the enamel surface after ablation by CO(2) lasers is more resistant to acid dissolution it is desirable to avoid acid etching before bonding. The overlap between adjacent laser spots was varied to modify the effective surface roughness. In addition, small retention holes were drilled at higher laser intensity with varying spacing to increase the adhesive strength without acid etching. Varying the degree of overlap between adjacent laser spots did not significantly influence the bond strength with post ablation acid etching. The bond strength was significantly higher without acid etching with retention holes spaced 250-µm apart.
Crosstalk Analysis and Measurement Technique for High Frequency Signal Transfer in MEMs Probe Pins (2012)

This paper develops a methodology of crosstalk analysis/measurement techniques for the design and fabrication of the MEMs (Micro-ElectroMichanical system) probe card. By introducing more ground pins into the connector pins, the crosstalk characteristics can be enhanced and a design guide for the parameters, such as pin's size and pitch is proposed to satisfy the given crosstalk limitation of -30dB for reliable high speed signal transfer. The paper also presents a novel method to characterize scattering parameters of multiport interconnect circuits with a 4-port VNA (Vector Network Analyzer). By employing the re-normalization of scattering matrices with different reference impedances at other ports, data obtained from 4-port configuration measurements can be synthesized to build a full scattering matrix of the DUT (Device-Under-Test, MEMs probe connector pins). In comparison to the conventional 2-port VNA re-normalization method, proposed technique has two advantages: saving of measuring time, and enhanced accuracy even with open-ended un-measured ports. A good agreement of the estimated and correct S parameters verifies the validness of the proposed algorithm.
Cold Drawing of Magnesium Alloy Tubes for Medical (2011)

Magnesium alloy is the lightest in practical metals, and it is used for small home appliance products and automobile parts. It is also expected to be a new material for medical stents, because of its possibility of systemic absorption. But, it is known that the processing of magnesium alloy is very difficult and many magnesium alloys are hot-worked. Therefore, surface quality and strength of products and processing cost are the points when cold-plastic working of magnesium alloy is carried out. The purpose of this study is fabrication of a tube of magnesium alloy to improve stent strength and to reduce processing cost. Fineness, thinness, adequate strength and high-quality surface are required for stents of the medical tube. Therefore, firstly, plug drawing was carried out, because it was thought to be one of the methods for satisfying the requirements. But, it proved to be impossible to apply this method, because magnesium alloy is too brittle for plug drawing. Secondly, soft-metal mandrel drawing was tried. Drawing was possible, but it was difficult to extract the mandrel, because there is a possibility that the tube might break due to its high drawing stress. So, fluid-mandrel, a new method for mandrel drawing, was carried out. As a result, the fabrication of a fine and thin-walled tube for a stent became possible. And it was found that the wall-thickness of the tube was as thin as existing medical tubes. In fluid-mandrel drawing, fluid is used as mandrel. So, it is easy to extract mandrel after drawing. And it is possible to prevent tube break during drawing, because drawing stress is lower than that of soft-metal mandrel drawing.
Therapeutic effects of human adipose stem cell‐conditioned medium on stroke (2012)

Stem cell therapy is a promising approach for stroke. However, low survival rates and potential tumorigenicity of implanted cells could undermine the efficacy of the cell-based treatment. The use of stem cell-conditioned medium (CM) may be a feasible approach to overcome these limitations. Especially, specific stem cell culture condition and continuous infusion of CM into ischemic brains would have better therapeutic results. The CM was prepared by culturing human adipose-derived stem cells in a three-dimensional spheroid form to increase the secretion of angiogenic/neuroprotective factors. Ischemic stroke was induced by standard middle cerebral artery occlusion methods in the brain of 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. Continuous infusion of CM or αMEM media (0.5 μl/hr) into the lateral ventricle was initiated 8 days after the surgery and maintained for 7 days. Alteration in the motor function was monitored by the rotarod test. Infarction volume and the number of microvessels or TUNEL-positive neural cells were analyzed 15 days after the surgery. Compared with αMEM, continuous CM infusion reduced the infarction volume and maintained motor function. The number of CD31-positive microvessels and TUNEL-positive neural cells significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in the penumbra regions. Although the apoptosis of all neural cell types decreased, reduction in the microglial apoptosis and astrogliosis was prominent and significant. In this study, the therapeutic effects of the CM against stroke were confirmed in an animal model. Increased endothelial cell proliferation, reduced neural cell apoptosis, and milder astrogliosis may play important roles in the treatment effects of CM.
Hemangiopericytoma-Induced Osteomalacia: Tumor Transplantation in Nude Mice Causes Hypophosphatemia and Tumor Extracts Inhibit Renal 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 1-Hydroxylase Activity* (1988)

Although more than 50 patients with the tumor-induced osteomalacia syndrome, characterized by remission of unexplained osteomalacia after resection of a coexisting tumor, have been reported, the pathogenesis of this syndrome is still not clear. We investigated the cause of biopsy-confirmed osteomalacia which was resistant to treatment with 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 in a 54-yr-old man. He had severe hypophosphatemia, a high serum alkaline phosphatase level, a low plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D level, and remarkably increased urinary phosphorus excretion. A tumor, with histological characteristics of a hemangiopericytoma, was found on his left thigh. After surgical removal of this tumor, his plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and serum phosphorus levels increased to normal levels, and his bone pain subsided. The tumor was transplanted to athymic nude mice. A nodule formed in each mouse, with histological features identical to those of the original tumor, and the tumor-bearing mice had hypophosphatemia, high serum alkaline phosphatase levels, and increased urinary phosphorus excretion. When extracts of the original tumor were added to primary cultures of renal tubular cells, renal cAMP levels did not change, but 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity was significantly inhibited. These data indicate tumoral production of some humoral factor(s) inhibiting 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity and phosphorus reabsorption unrelated to adenylate cyclase-cAMP production in proximal renal tubules.
The rate of population increase of the citrus red mite Panonychus citri (McG.) at various seasons (1970)

In this paper, we deal with the rate of population increase of the citrus red mite on the citrus young trees in the outdoors at various seasons (1967-1969).The purpose was to study the method for determination of the time necessary to spray acaricide from the present population of mites and their increase rate.1) The increase rate of the citrus red mite population was largest in summer during periods with average 28°C and without rainfall. In these. condition, the population increased about 8.5 times in ten days. It was 2.6 to 7.0 times in summer-fall, 2.3 to 3.4 times in spring, 1.2 to 1.8 times in fall and 0.8 to 1.9 times in the rainy season.2) In the rainy season, much rainfall strongly affected to the rate of population increase during periods of larva, nymph and adult.3) The test on the relation between population density of the citrus red mite and its rate of increase in fall showed that, the rate of increase in mite population decreased severely at the densities of more than 80 eggs leaf at start.4) The rate of population increase in ten days at summer and summer-fall seasons, on the leaf heavily infested by mite, decreased to about one sixth and one third of the uninfested ones.
Reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of nitrobenzene to anilineJaime Wisniak and Miriam KleinCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1984, 23, 1, 44–50Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300013a009https://doi.org/10.1021/i300013a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5329Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Body Weight Loss and Weight Maintenance in Relation to Habitual Caffeine Intake and Green Tea Supplementation (2005)

High caffeine intake was associated with weight loss through thermogenesis and fat oxidation and with suppressed leptin in women. In habitual low caffeine consumers, the green tea-caffeine mixture improved WM, partly through thermogenesis and fat oxidation.
A Parallel Algorithm for Computing Betweenness Centrality (2009)

In this paper we present a multi-grained parallel algorithm for computing betweenness centrality, which is extensively used in large-scale network analysis. Our method is based on a novel algorithmic handling of access conflicts for a CREW PRAM algorithm. We propose a proper data-processor mapping, a novel edge-numbering strategy and a new triple array data structure recording the shortest path for eliminating conflicts to access the shared memory. The algorithm requires O(n+m) space and O((nm)/p) ( or O((nm+n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> logn)/p)) time for unweighted (or weighted) graphs, and it is a work-optimal CREW PRAM algorithm. On current multi-core platforms, our algorithm outperforms the previous algorithm by 2-3 times.
Implementation and application of a real-time sidescan sonar simulator (2005)

This paper describes the functional theory and design of a modular simulator to generate, in real-time, physically representative spatiotemporal sidescan sonar echo data. The seafloor topography is generated using fractal theory and the resulting terrain is tesselated into triangular facets. Propagation of the acoustic fan beam is determined by a ray theory solution of the governing wave equation while the contribution of each facet to the recorded intensity at the sonar transducer is resolved by applying Jackson's seafloor scattering model. The computational bottleneck inherent in the discovery of illuminated facets at each ping is significantly reduced by the implementation of an optimised mesh refinement scheme intended for interactive rendering of large-scale complex surfaces described by polygonal meshes. The resulting performance increases enabled the successful integration of the sonar simulator with an existing AUV simulator. Synthetic images and the performance measures of the sidescan simulator image generation are presented.
Construction of libraries enriched for sequence repeats and jumping clones, and hybridization selection for region-specific markers. (1994)

We describe a simple and rapid method for constructing small-insert genomic libraries highly enriched for dimeric, trimeric, and tetrameric nucleotide repeat motifs. The approach involves use of DNA inserts recovered by PCR amplification of a small-insert sonicated genomic phage library or by a single-primer PCR amplification of Mbo I-digested and adaptor-ligated genomic DNA. The genomic DNA inserts are heat denatured and hybridized to a biotinylated oligonucleotide. The biotinylated hybrids are retained on a Vectrex-avidin matrix and eluted specifically. The eluate is PCR amplified and cloned. More than 90% of the clones in a library enriched for (CA)n microsatellites with this approach contained clones with inserts containing CA repeats. We have also used this protocol for enrichment of (CAG)n and (AGAT)n sequence repeats and for Not I jumping clones. We have used the enriched libraries with an adaptation of the cDNA selection method to enrich for repeat motifs encoded in yeast artificial chromosomes.
Microwave and Millimeter Wave Hybrid Integrated Circuits for Radio Systems (1969)

Hybrid integration of microwave and millimeter wave circuits is essential for achieving future communication objectives in radio systems. Hybrid integrated circuits are circuits which are manufactured on a single planar substrate. Passive elements are fabricated by partial metallization of the substrate; active devices are inserted by bonding semiconductor diodes or bulk devices to the metal conductors. We discuss the electrical properties of passive line elements on insulating substrates. We also compare the design formulas given with measurements made at 30 GHz, and present the results obtained at 30 GHz with wideband transitions from waveguide to microstrip and the measurements obtained with microstrip IMPATT oscillators and high order varactor multi-pliers in the same frequency range. There are advantages of scaling for building hybrid integrated circuits which we discuss. Oversize models can be built and tested in a relatively short time and substantial savings in turnaround time, required man-power, and cost can be achieved.
Contribution of a Broad Range Polymerase Chain Reaction to the Diagnosis of Osteoarticular Infections Caused by Kingella kingae (2005)

Use of molecular diagnostic methods increases the identification of K. kingae in osteoarticular infections.
Schaum's outline of theory and problems of Lagrangian dynamics : with a treatment of Euler's equations of motion, Hamilton's equations and Hamilton's principle (1967)

The book clearly and concisely explains the basic principles of Lagrangian dynamicsand provides training in the actual physical and mathematical techniques of applying Lagrange's equations, laying the foundation for a later study of topics that bridge the gap between classical and quantum physics, engineering, chemistry and applied mathematics, and for practicing scientists and engineers.
Paromomycin for Cryptosporidiosis in AIDS: A Prospective, Double-Blind Trial (1994)

To test the effects of paromomycin, 10 patients with AIDS and cryptosporidiosis were randomized to paromomycin or placebo in a double-blind trial. After 14 days, patients were switched to the other treatment for 14 additional days. Measures included the number and character of each stool and weekly 24-h stool specimens for weight and oocyst excretion. During the paromomycin treatment phase, oocyst excretion decreased from 314 x 10(6) to 109 x 10(6)24 h (P < .02). Oocyst excretion increased for the 4 patients initially on placebo compared to a median decrease of 128 x 10(6)/24 h for the 6 initially treated with drug (P < .02). Stool frequency also decreased more in those treated with drug (3.6 fewer vs. 1.25 fewer/24 h, P < .05). Trends favored drug over placebo for stool weight, stool character, and Karnofsky score. Paromomycin treatment resulted in improvement in both clinical and parasitologic parameters in cryptosporidiosis in AIDS.
Frequency and Location of Head Impact Exposures in Individual Collegiate Football Players (2010)

The frequency of head impacts and the location on the helmet where the impacts occur are functions of player position and session type. These data provide a basis for quantifying specific head impact exposure for studies related to understanding the biomechanics and clinical aspects of concussion injury, as well as the possible effects of repeated subconcussive impacts in football.
Using the John Deere Radial Piston Pomp to Improve Productivity (1985)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes the design considerations and development to provide a more universally accepted John Deere pump for OEM applications. Increased power and pressure characteristics as well as improved aspiration and control capability were achieved through applied engineering techniques such as 1) finite element analysis (FEM), 2) control system computer modelling and 3) state of the art wear surface specifications. A variety of sizes and application features are possible through the use of family design concepts. Sample applications are presented to demonstrate the John Deere radial piston pump flexibility.</div>
GASTIM: A timing analyzer for GaAs digital circuits (2002)

A methodology is presented to calculate delays in DCFL/SDCFL GaAs circuits. The model has been implemented in a prototype timing analyzer. Input-slope influences and overlapping input transitions are taken into account. The simulation results show that the proposed model can predict the delay time within 15% error and with a speed-up of three orders of magnitude for several circuits tested as compared with HSPICE simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Performance Study of Non-beaconed and Beacon-Enabled Modes in IEEE 802.15.4 under Bluetooth Interference (2008)

The IEEE 802.15.4 protocol is a flexible technology with great potential for wireless sensor networks applications. The standard distinguishes two network modes; beacon-enabled and nonbeacon-enabled. In this paper, the performance study of beaconed and non-beaconed modes of IEEE 802.15.4 is evaluated using on site PER measurements. The tests are carryout in an urban outdoor environment with commercial available equipment. Likewise, the impact of Bluetooth interference over IEEE 802.15.4 modes is evaluated. The results show that Bluetooth interference and the mode selected have effects over the PER. Furthermore, for distances between 3 to 10 meters the PER doesn't show significance distance dependency.
Studies of genetic differentiation within breeds of Japanese indigenous chickens. (1989)

Genetic differentiation within breeds was analyzed using 30 populations belonging to six Japanese and one Bangladesh indigenous breeds and to two improved breeds of chickens. Gene frequencies at four blood group (A, B, D and E) and 7 blood protein (Akp, Akp-2, Es-1, Amy-1, Alb, Tf and Pas) loci were examined. Although some specific patterns of gene frequencies were observed between breeds, no such patterns were found between local populations within each breed. Genetic distances between the populations within breeds were small. Cluster analysis showed that almost all populations within each breed belonged to one cluster. The estimates of genetic differentiation between local populations within indigenous breeds were smaller than those between strains within improved breeds. These results suggest that in most of Japanese indigenous breeds genetic differentiation between local populations is small.
Fibroblast Growth Factors in Schizophrenia (2009)

A large association study by O'Donovan et al recently suggested that genetic variation in fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 2 increases the risk for developing schizophrenia. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are part of the family of glial growth factors; they control the growth and patterning of specific brain structures and regulate the maintenance and repair of neuronal tissues. In addition, a direct interaction was recently found between FGFRs and adenosine A(2A) receptors, leading to corticostriatal plasticity and antagonizing the signaling pathway of dopamine D(2) receptors. These findings make FGFs plausible candidate genes for schizophrenia. Here, we review the role of FGFs in schizophrenia and combine evidence from studies on variations in FGF genes, RNA expression, protein levels, and FGF administration, as well as the effects of medication and environmental risk factors for schizophrenia. These data suggest that changes in the FGF system contribute to schizophrenia and possibly to a wider range of psychiatric disorders. The role of FGFs in schizophrenia and related disorders needs to be studied in more detail.