gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface passivation by sulfur treatment of undoped <i>p</i>-CdTe(100) (2000)

The effect of surface passivation of undoped p-CdTe(100) by (NH4)2Sx treatment was investigated by using photoluminescence (PL), photoconductivity (PC), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). After sulfur treatment for 2 min, the acceptor bound exciton (A0, X) peak increases greatly in the PL spectrum, and the minority-carrier lifetime of CdTe becomes the longest value in the PC measurement. The XPS spectrum for untreated CdTe shows the additional peaks on the right side of two main Te peaks corresponding to the Te 3d core levels, and these additional peaks are related to TeO3 with binding energies of 576.2 and 586.5 eV. After sulfur treatment, while the intensities of the Te 3d core levels decreased gradually, those of the TeO3 peaks disappear. In addition, the S 2p core-level spectra for sulfur-treated CdTe show the peaks at the 161.7 and 162.8 eV, which are attributed to a CdS formation at the surface of CdTe. These results indicate the sulfur effectively dissociates the native oxides from and neutralizes the dangling bonds at the surface of CdTe.
Efficient Flexible Phosphorescent Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Silver Nanowire‐Polymer Composite Electrode (2011)

Blue, green, and red electrophosphorescent polymer light-emitting diodes have been fabricated on silver nanowire-polymer composite electrode. The devices are 20%-50% more efficient than control devices on ITO/glass and exhibit small efficiency roll-off at high luminances. The blue PLEDs were repeatedly bent to 1.5 mm radius concave or convex with calculated strain in the emissive layer approximately 5% (tensile or compressive).
New insulation diagnostic and monitoring techniques for in-service HV apparatus (2002)

Insulation condition monitoring of high-voltage instrument transformers and transformer bushings is of significant importance in maintaining a safe and reliable electricity supply system. To achieve this, there is an increasing trend to perform in-situ insulation quality measurements on this equipment. The authors describe new insulation diagnostic and monitoring techniques, developed with the Queensland Electricity Commission, for use in an in-service HV plant. The techniques enable the dielectric dissipation factor (DDF) and partial discharge (PD) level of HV insulation to be measured while an instrument transformer or bushing is in-service. Application of the DDF measurement technique to provide a continuous insulation monitor is also covered. The continuous online system is designed to ultimately allow monitoring of all bushings and current transformers within an entire situation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reverse Engineering Mobile Application User Interfaces with REMAUI (T) (2015)

When developing the user interface code of a mobile application, in practice a big gap exists between the digital conceptual drawings of graphic artists and working user interface code. Currently, programmers bridge this gap manually, by reimplementing the conceptual drawings in code, which is cumbersome and expensive. To bridge this gap, we introduce the first technique to automatically Reverse Engineer Mobile Application User Interfaces (REMAUI). On a given input bitmap REMAUI identifies user interface elements such as images, texts, containers, and lists, via computer vision and optical character recognition (OCR) techniques. In our experiments on 488 screenshots of over 100 popular third-party Android and iOS applications, REMAUI-generated user interfaces were similar to the originals, both pixel-by-pixel and in terms of their runtime user interface hierarchies. REMAUI's average overall runtime on a standard desktop computer was 9 seconds.
GC Analysis of Human Breath with A Series-Coupled Column Ensemble and A Multibed Sorption Trap (2003)

The combination of a tandem column ensemble and an on-line microsorption trap is used for the analysis of organic compounds in human breath samples. The four-bed sorption trap uses a series of discreet sorption beds containing three grades of graphitized carbon and a carbon molecular sieve to quantitatively remove most organic compounds from 0.8-L breath samples. The trap is then heated to 300 degrees C in approximately 1.5 s and maintained at this temperature for 10 s. The resulting vapor plug width is in the range 0.7-1.3 s for the compounds found in the breath samples. The separation is performed with a 15-m-long, 0.25-mm-i.d. capillary using a 0.5-microm-thick film of nonpolar dimethyl polysiloxane coupled in series to a polar column, either trifluoropropylmethyl polysiloxane or poly(ethylene glycol). Both column combinations are successful in separating the early-eluting compounds acetone, isoprene, pentane, methyl alcohol, and ethyl alcohol, which are all common in breath samples. The poly(ethylene glycol) combination gave better separation but showed relatively fast deterioration for repeated analysis of wet samples. Breath samples were obtained under different conditions (smoker, nonsmoker, gum chewer), and 25 compounds were identified in the various samples. Many additional peaks are observed but not identified. Analytical curves (log-log) of peak area versus sample volume for test compounds are linear in the range 80-800 cm3. Detection limits (3sigma) for several volatile compounds in 800-cm3 samples are in the 1-5 ppb range.
An exploratory investigation of the use of alkali metals in nitrous oxide control (1996)

Using chemical kinetic modeling, we have investigated the feasibility of using sodium hydroxide (a representative alkali-metal compound) to control nitrous oxide emissions from combustion sources. The key reaction is where the sodium atom is produced by the reaction when small amounts of fuel are added to lean combustion products. Because sodium hydroxide is regenerated by one sodium atom is potentially capable of destroying several N2O molecules. The mechanism is discussed in detail. Moreover, we have studied the possibility of using NaOH in conjunction with RAPRENOX (cyanuric acid injection) to control NO x emissions without producing N2O as a by-product. The results are discussed at length. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Economic Optimization of a Growth Trajectory for Broilers (1988)

Abstract A dynamic model was constructed to select the economically optimal growth trajectory of broilers and compute the feeding schedule designed to satisfy the nutritional requirements along this trajectory. Alterations in the normal growth rates are possible by utilization of the phenomenon of compensatory growth which follows a period of feed restriction. The optimal trajectory is solved for by a reduced‐gradient nonlinear programming algorithm. The model calculates the daily optimal growth rates along with the corresponding requirements of total protein, amino acids, and energy in obtaining the optimal diets. A substantial increase in profits can be achieved by following this methodology.
Inhibition of lectin-mediated ovarian tumor cell adhesion by sugar analogs. (1994)

Adhesion of A-121 human ovarian carcinoma cells to extracellular matrix is partly mediated via interaction between galaptin, an endogenous beta-galactoside-binding lectin present in extracellular matrix, and specific cell surface carbohydrate receptors identified as lysosomal associated membrane proteins, lamp-1 and lamp-2. In this study, we report that adhesion of human ovarian carcinoma cells to polystyrene plates coated with polymerized human splenic galaptin can be inhibited by polyclonal antibodies raised against lamp-1 and lamp-2 molecules and by pretreatment of A-121 human ovarian carcinoma cells with glucosamine analogs: 2-acetamido-1,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-3- deoxy-3-fluoro-alpha-D-glucopyranose (3-F-GlcNAc) and 2-acetamido-1,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-deoxy-4-fluoro-alpha-D-glucopyranose (4-F-GlcNAc). A 48-h exposure of A-121 cells to individual sugar analogs, or to a combination of the two, resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of cellular attachment to polymerized galaptin. Both drugs inhibited glycoprotein biosynthesis as measured by cellular incorporation of labeled [3H]glucosamine and [3H]fucose with negligible effects on [3H]thymidine and [3H]leucine incorporation and cell growth. As a result of drug action on glycoprotein biosynthesis, an alteration in the structure of the galaptin receptor was noted by indirect immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. Moreover, probing gels of cell extracts with anti-lamp antibodies or Datura stramonium lectin demonstrated significant changes in the reactivity and pattern of glycoprotein staining, suggesting an effect of sugar analogs on the glycosylation of various cellular receptor molecules. The greatest change was observed when tumor cells were exposed to a combination of the two sugar analogs. These studies suggest that specific endogenous lectins and their surface receptors play a role in tumor cell adhesion and perhaps metastasis and may serve as suitable targets for therapeutic exploitation.
An efficient phase detector connection structure for the skew synchronization system (2010)

Clock skew optimization continues to be an important concern in circuit designs. To overcome the influence caused by PVT variations, the automatic skew synchronization scheme can dynamically adjust and reduce the clock skew after a chip is manufactured. There are two key components in the skew synchronization scheme: Adjustable Delay Buffer (ADB) and Phase Detector (PD). Most previous researchers have emphasized on ADB placement issues. In this paper, we show that the connection between FFs and PDs can also greatly influence the final clock skew due to the insertion of the PDs. We first analyze the influence of PD connection structures. Then we propose an algorithm to generate a PD connection structure which achieves the minimum influence to the clock skew. Our experimental results are very encouraging.
Oxidation of Alkanes over Noble Metal Catalysts (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation of Alkanes over Noble Metal CatalystsYung-Fang Yu YaoCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1980, 19, 3, 293–298Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360075a003https://doi.org/10.1021/i360075a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1138Altmetric-Citations245LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Hi-tech education: teleconferencing in a hospital setting. (1990)

The video teleconference is the educational tool of the future, but it is not as simple as setting a student in a dark room and turning on a machine. Staff development educators will want to use the ideas in this article to initiate, market, and adapt the teleconference to fit the student's real educational needs.
Event driven software architecture for multi-camera and distributed surveillance research systems (2010)

Surveillance of wide areas with several connected cameras integrated in the same automatic system is no more a chimera, but modular, scalable and flexible architectures are mandatory to manage them. This paper points out the main issues on the development of distributed surveillance systems and proposes an integrated framework particularly suitable for research purposes. As first, exploiting a computer architecture analogy, a three layer tracking system is proposed, which copes with the integration of both overlapping and non overlapping cameras. Then, a static service oriented architecture is adopted to collect and manage the plethora of high level modules, such as face detection and recognition, posture and action classification, and so on. Finally, the overall architecture is controlled by an event driven communication infrastructure, which assures the scalability and the flexibility of the system.
Mitral valve prolapse (2002)

Clinical manifestations are different and in most patients asymptomatic. The diagnosis is established by anamnesis, physical examination, M-mode and 2-dimen-sional transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, left ventriculography and direct histopathologic investigation of mitral apparatus. Although MVP is a benign condition, there are certain complications such as infective endocarditis, severe mitral regurgitation, heart failure, cerebral and coronary embolism events, arrhythmias and sudden death. Complications mostly occur in patients with heart murmurs and mitral insufficiency in contrast to patients with cusps.
Decision-Tree Algorithm for Recognition of Music Score Images Obtained by Mobile Phone Camera (2008)

현대 사회에서 빼놓을 수 없는 기기인 휴대폰 카메라를 통하여 획득한 악보를 인식함으로써 누구나 손쉽게 전문적인 악보에 대한 지식이 없어도 악보를 연주할 수 있는 시스템을 제안한다. 본 실험은 휴대폰 카메라를 이용하여 촬영한 악보 영상을 전처리과정을 통하여 분리된 심볼들을 인식한 후 미디를 구성한다. 본 논문에서는 실험을 위하여 휴대폰 카메라로 촬영한 임의의 악보 영상 11종을 사용하였다. 전처리 과정을 거친 심볼을 대상으로 제안한 방법을 통하여 인식한 결과 평균 98%의 높은 인식률을 보였다. 본 시스템을 휴대폰에 포팅하여 수행시간을 측정한 결과, 영상의 입력 후 미디 생성까지 걸리는 시간이 평균 8.63초가 소요됨을 알 수 있었다. Today, mobile phone is a necessity of modern life. For that reason, we suggest a particular system of a mobile phone which take a picture of music score image and automatically play it without any technical knowledges about the music score information. This experiment makes midi, acknowleging separate symbols via preprocessing to music score image taken. This paper utilizes 11 sorts of the score image taken by a mobile phone camera for this experiment. Through this method we suggest, as much as 98% on average takes place, which is very high recognizing ratio. Also, as we introduce this system in a mobile phone by porting, it takes 8.63 seconds on average to create midi following input of images.
Design of self-checking and fault-tolerant microprogrammed controllers (1977)

A realization of a self-checking and fail-safe programmable controller which uses a new control memory organization to give a simple and elegant implementation is described.Using this self-checking controller as an example, a new approach to fault-tolerant design referred to as Dual-Fail-Safe (DFS) is presented which utilizes two self-checking modules. The resulting fault-tolerant system is shown to be less costly and significantly more reliable than a conventional Triple-Modular-Redundancy (TMR) system.
Photocatalytic conversion of lactic acid to malic acid through pyruvic acid in the presence of malic enzyme and semiconductor photocatalysts (1992)

The photocatalytic fixation of CO2 in pyruvic acid to yield malic acid has been achieved in TiO2 microcrystal and CdS particle suspensions using malic enzyme as the catalyst, methyl viologen as the electron mediator and either 2-mercaptoethanol or lactic acid as the hole scavenger. The evaluation of the rate-determining step in the photocatalytic fixation reaction was made at the TiO2 microcrystal for the case of 2-mercaptoethanol as the hole scavenger. The use of lactic acid as the hole scavenger resulted in the selective photoproduction of pyruvic acid at the CdS photocatalyst, a fraction of which was then converted into malic acid by reductive CO2 fixation at the malic enzyme. However, it has been found that lactic acid causes a decrease in the catalytic activities of the enzyme, the degree depending on the relative concentrations of malic enzyme and lactic acid.
Bi-Based Oxide Superconducting Current Lead and its Application (1995)

We applied the Bi-based oxide superconducting bulk to the current leads in a cryocooler-cooled superconducting magnet which is free from liquid helium in operation. The magnet is capable of generating a steady magnetic field of 4T at a current of 400A in room-temperature 38mm diameter bore.Here we have investigated superconducting properties of Bi-based oxide bulk fablicated by intermediate cold isostatic pressing process. The bulk has a composition of (Bi+Pb): Sr:Ca:Cu=2:2:2:3 and is utilized in the form of thin-walled sintered cylindrical tube. The transport critical current density and critical current of the bulk at 77K under self-magnetic field are more than 1000A/cm2 and 1100A, respectively.
Studies on Chemotherapy of Tuberculosis. IV (1954)

Alkyl ethers of m- and p-aminophenols were prepared and antibacterial action of their hydrochlorides against tubercle bacilli was tested in Kirchner medium. In the alkylation of acetylaminophenol, the best result was obtained by the use of alkyl p-toluenesulfonate as the alkylating agent. The reactivity of the three isomers of acetylaminophenol was in the order of para, meta, and ortho. The compounds synthesized were, ethyl, butyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, and hexadecyl ethers of m-aminophenols, and butyl, octyl, dodecyl, and tetradecyl ethers of p-aminophenols. The antibacterial action of the hydrochlorides of these amines against tubercle bacilli was generally low but there was found a correlationship between the size of the alkyl group and the antibacterial action, such action increasing with the number or carbon atoms in the alkyl, reaching the maximum at around C12, and gradually decreasing over that number.
Nitrosamines - a water safety risk? (2009)

Nitrosamines are probable human carcinogens. As well as being ingested with food, these substances are produced by chemical reactions in the stomach. In the light of findings concerning contamination of drinking water in the US and Canada, we investigated whether nitrosamines could also pose a risk to water resources in Switzerland.
Relation between flow, power, and presence of carrier gas during plasma deposition of thin films (1986)

Plasma deposition processes have become an integral part of the manufacturing of microelectronic devices. Control of proper deposition parameters and understanding their relation to the composition of the plasma, and therefore to the film properties, is essential for depositing films in a repeatable and a predictable way. Using mass spectrometry, we have studied the influence of input rf power, reactant gas flow, and the presence and concentration of carrier gas on the degree of decomposition of a wide range of starting materials used during plasma deposition. It is shown that all three parameters influence the decomposition of the starting material and therefore the composition and properties of the deposit. It is also shown that different degrees of decomposition for different materials cannot always be predicted from the bonding energy between species being dissociated by a plasma. Using silicon nitride as an example, it is shown that the N/Si atomic ratio in films deposited at various conditions corresponds to the relative degree of decomposition of the reactant gases NH3 and SiH4.
Modeling of and Driver Design for a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Lamp (2010)

Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) excimer lamp is a very attractive source for Ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It has a number of advantages compared to the mercury lamp which is the main lamp used in the industry for UV production. Some of these advantages are instant UV radiation (no warm-up period), narrow UV spectrum, longer life times and simple construction. The DBD UV lamp can be used in number of applications like water disinfection, Plasma Display Panels (PDP) and surface treatment in the semiconductor industry. Yet, the full industrial application of this lamp still faces some problems mainly related to finding the optimum electrical driver to maximize the efficiency of such a lamp. This includes the type of the electrical waveform to generate and the power electronic driver to produce it.\nIn this thesis, firstly a physically based circuit model for the DBD lamp using the Finite Volume Method (FVM) is developed. This model provides the electrical and optical characteristics of the lamp. Using this model the sensitivity of the lamp efficiency to the proposed electrical waveform has been determined. Secondly, the order of this FVM model has been reduced to obtain a model which is used in the design procedure of the proposed driver.\nSince the DBD lamp has a capacitive nature, a current controlled driver is proposed in this thesis as opposed to most of the published drivers which are voltage controlled drivers. The design of this driver is intended to enhance the electrical to optical efficiency of the lamp and therefore enhancing the overall efficiency of the system. The driver topology permits direct control of the peak lamp current and the operating frequency of the supplied current to the DBD lamp. The width of the current pulses is determined by the transformer magnetizing inductance and the lamp capacitance. \nExperimental results of the proposed driver connected to a XeCl DBD lamp are presented to validate the performance of the driver and to prove the concept of such a current controlled driver. The proposed driver performance is compared to a voltage source driver which was also implemented. The proposed driver produced higher overall system efficiency but at the expense of a reduction in the driver efficiency as compared to the voltage source driver. \nThe complete system, which consists of the developed FVM based model and the equivalent circuit of the proposed driver, was simulated and the results were compared to the experimental results to validate the accuracy of the developed model for the DBD lamp.
Universal conveyor instrumentation amplifier (1989)

A new instrumentation amplifier based on the use of current conveyors is proposed that exhibits a high common-mode rejection ratio without the need for any resistor matching. High differential gains and wide bandwidths are available simultaneously without compromise for both voltage and current inputs.
Concentration of metronidazole in periodontal pockets after application of a metronidazole 25% dental gel (1992)

The metronidazole concentration was monitored in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of inflamed periodontal pockets after 1 application of a 25% gel. 12 patients with periodontal disease were included in the study. Metronidazole gel was applied with a syringe into the pockets of 10 teeth with probing depths > or = 5 mm. Samples of GCF were taken with Periopaper before application and 4, 8, 12, 24 and 36 h after application. At each time, samples from 2 teeth were pooled in order to obtain a sufficient amount of fluid for analysis. By means of a calibrated Periotron, the collected volume of GCF was measured. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the amount of metronidazole. MIC50 for anaerobic periopathogens susceptible to metronidazole is below 1 microgram/ml. In this study, the concentration obtained was higher than 1 microgram/ml in all samples after 4 and 8 h, in 92% after 12 h, in 50% after 24 h and in 8% after 36 h. Thus, metronidazole concentrations in the pockets were generally above MIC50 for susceptible periopathogens 24 h after 1 application of a 25% metronidazole gel.