gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Individual immunological parameters in clean-up team members and patients with sequelae of acute radiation sickness 5 years after the effects of the Chernobyl accident]. (1993)

A study was made of deviations, beyond 1 sigma and 1.5 sigma of a mean value (M) of a donor group, in individual immunological parameters (for instance, the number of CD5+, CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, CD25+ and B-cells; alpha 1-thymosin concentration; and autoantibody titers to antigens of epithelial reticulum cell cytoplasm) in patients suffered acute radiation sickness (ARS) and liquidators of Chernobyl NPP accident. The radiation damage to the immune system was reliably detected in the affected subjects examined: they exhibited a decrease in the alpha 1-thymosin level below M = -1.5 sigma and in absolute B cellularity below M = -1 sigma; and increase in the number of CD25+ cells and in the level of serum autoantibodies to antigens of thymus epithelial reticulum cell cytoplasm. When several parameters selected were examined simultaneously the frequency of recording the deviations in merely one of them markedly increased.
Cell area minimization by transistor folding (2002)

Tall transistors can be folded into shorter ones to reduce the layout area. The authors take two rows of transistors, one for P-type transistors and the other for N-type transistors, and attempt to determine an optimal folding for each transistor to minimize the layout area. They present an O(K/sup 3/L/sup 3/) time transistor folding algorithm to minimize the layout area, where K is the number of implementations of each transistor due to folding, and L is the channel length.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optimizing Medical Data Quality Based on Multiagent Web Service Framework (2012)

One of the most important issues in e-healthcare information systems is to optimize the medical data quality extracted from distributed and heterogeneous environments, which can extremely improve diagnostic and treatment decision making. This paper proposes a multiagent web service framework based on service-oriented architecture for the optimization of medical data quality in the e-healthcare information system. Based on the design of the multiagent web service framework, an evolutionary algorithm (EA) for the dynamic optimization of the medical data quality is proposed. The framework consists of two main components; first, an EA will be used to dynamically optimize the composition of medical processes into optimal task sequence according to specific quality attributes. Second, a multiagent framework will be proposed to discover, monitor, and report any inconstancy between the optimized task sequence and the actual medical records. To demonstrate the proposed framework, experimental results for a breast cancer case study are provided. Furthermore, to show the unique performance of our algorithm, a comparison with other works in the literature review will be presented.
Effect of wavelength on threshold and kinetics of tissue denaturation under laser radiation (1999)

We consider the denaturation process as an alteration in ordered organization of tissue structure and study the threshold and kinetics of laser-induced denaturation in cartilage and cornea undergoing irradiation from a free electron laser (FEL) in the wavelength range 2.2 - 8.5 (mu) . Light-scattering by cartilage samples was measured in real- time during FEL irradiation using a 630-nm diode laser and a diode array with time resolution of 10 ms. We found that denaturation threshold is slightly lower than that for cartilage, and both depend on laser wavelength. A strong inverse correlation between denaturation thresholds and the absorption spectrum of the tissue is observed. Only for the wavelength region near the 3 (mu) water absorption band was the denaturation threshold not inversely proportional to the absorption coefficient. We believe this was because the radiation penetration depth was very small in this high- absorption region, so tissue denaturation occurred only in a layer too thin to produce significant light scattering. ATR spectra of 2.4 mm thick cartilage samples was measured before and after irradiation at 6.0 and 2.2 (mu) . At 6.0 (mu) , where the absorption is high, the spectrum of the irradiated (front) surface showed changes, while the spectrum of the back surface was identical to that before irradiation. This difference results from dramatic denaturation (with chemical bond breaking) at the front surface due to laser heating in a small absorption depth. For 2.2 (mu) irradiation, where the absorption is small, the spectra of the front and back of the irradiated sample were unchanged from before irradiation, while light scattering alteration shown the denaturation process began, for laser fluences above the denaturation threshold. This indicates that the absorption is too small to produce deep denaturation of the tissue with dramatic alteration of structure. Thus, we have shown that light scattering is useful for measuring denaturation thresholds and kinetics for biotissues except where the initial absorptivity is very high.
The Guanylate Cyclase-Coupled Natriuretic Peptide Receptor: A New Target for Prevention of Cold Ischemia-Reperfusion Damage of the Rat Liver (1998)

The aim of our studies was to investigate hormonal prevention of hepatic preservation damage by the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and the mechanisms involved. Isolated perfusion of rat livers was performed in a nonrecirculating fashion. Twenty minutes of preischemic perfusion was performed with or without different concentrations of ANP, followed by 24-hour storage in cold University of Wisconsin (UW) solution. Two hundred nanomoles of ANP prevented hepatocellular damage during a 2-hour reperfusion period as indicated by a marked attenuation of the sinusoidal efflux of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), and by reduced Trypan blue uptake. Furthermore, postischemic bile flow as an indicator of liver function was significantly improved by about 60% with 200 nmol/L ANP. No protection was conveyed by 20 nmol/L ANP nor by pretreatment with 200 nmol/L ANP for only 10 minutes. The effects of ANP seemed to be mediated by the guanylate cyclase-coupled A (GC-A) receptor and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP): whereas expression of both GC-A and GC-B receptors as well as of the GC-C receptor was found, cGMP did protect from ischemia-reperfusion damage, but selective ligands of the B and C receptor did not. To begin to determine the mechanisms of ANP-mediated protection, different parameters were investigated: ANP had no effect on portal pressure as an indicator of hepatic circulation, nor on intracellular energy depletion determined by adenosine nucleotide concentration. However, the marked augmentation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) binding activity during reperfusion was prevented in ANP-pretreated livers. In conclusion, pretreatment with ANP protects the rat liver from cold ischemia-reperfusion damage. This effect is mediated via the GC-A receptor and cGMP, and may be linked to an influence of ANP on NF-kappaB activation. Thus, ANP signaling via the GC-A receptor should be considered as a new pharmacological target to prevent preservation injury of the liver.
A facile method of using sulfobetaine‐containing copolymers for biofouling resistance (2014)

ABSTRACT Antifouling materials are desirable for many biomedical applications. In this work, the poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate‐ co ‐butyl methacrylate) (PSB) copolymers were investigated for their antifouling properties. The copolymers were synthesized via a simple free‐radical polymerization with feed ratio of the zwitterionic sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) varying from 0 to 20 mol %. The polymer composition was verified by nuclear magnetic resonance. The enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and surface plasmon resonance were used to evaluate protein adsorption on a series of PSB copolymers from the single protein solution of fibrinogen, undiluted human blood serum, and undiluted human blood plasma. Results show that the protein adsorption amount decreased with the increasing content of SBMA in the copolymers. The adsorption levels achieved by PSB containing 20 mol % SBMA (PSB20) were only 4, 17, and 15 ng/cm 2 from fibrinogen, serum, and plasma, respectively, which represented 99%, 90%, and 90% reduction compared with the adsorption amounts on poly(butyl methacrylate) with no SBMA. The PSB20 film also completely inhibited endothelial cell attachment. Fouling resistance of PSB polymers can be well correlated with their receding water contact angles, which represent the polymer surface compositions in aqueous environment. The excellent antifouling abilities of PSB copolymers, combined with the facial synthesis method, commercial availability of all monomers, and low cost, render them highly promising for wide practical applications. The polymers can be applied versatilely as both solvent‐cast films and surface coatings. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131 , 40789.
Parent, Teacher, Child (1989)

We compared the effectiveness of three instruments in initially diagnosing and monitoring children with attention-deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity (ADD/H). Twenty-one children clinically assessed as having ADD/H and meeting criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, were examined initially and after treatment with methylphenidate hydrochloride and placebo. The following instruments were used: the ADD-H Comprehensive Teacher Rating Scale, the Connors' Parent Rating Scale-Revised, and the Gordon Diagnostic System. The ADD-H Comprehensive Teacher Rating Scale initially classified 67% of the children as having ADD/H and 14% as borderline. The Connors' Parent Rating Scale-Revised identified 71% as having ADD/H, while the Gordon Diagnostic System assessed 52% as having ADD/H and 29% as borderline. With methylphenidate treatment, the mean scores on the ADD-H Comprehensive Teacher Rating Scale displayed an increase in attention span and a decrease in hyperactivity, the Connors' Parent Rating Scale-Revised showed a significant decrease in ADD/H behavior, and the Gordon Diagnostic System mean scores indicated no significant change.
The structure of interfaces between subunits of dimeric and tetrameric proteins (1989)

The structures of the interfaces of nine dimeric and nine tetrameric proteins have been analyzed and have been seen to follow general principles. These interfaces are combinations of four structural motifs, which resemble features of monomeric proteins. These are: (i) extended beta sheet; (ii) helix-helix packing; (iii) sheet-sheet packing; and (iv) loop interactions. Other common structural features in the interfaces studied are two-fold symmetry, charged hydrogen bonds and channel formation (found only in tetramers). Monomer-monomer interfaces are intermediate in hydrophobicity and charge between the interfaces between secondary structures of monomeric proteins and the exteriors of monomeric proteins. A typical interface has one of the first three of the structural motifs at its centre and loop interactions around the outside, where most of the charge resides.
Development in Combined Si-Based Magnetic Microactuator (2006)

We present a new silicon based thin film magnetic actuator could be used as an acoustical transducer. Different from the previously presented magnetic actuators the manufactured actuator in this work combines for the first time the electromagnetic and the magnetostrictive effect. The new and cost-effective design consists basically of a FeCo thin film deposit on micro mechanically processed silicon oxide substrate and leads to static deflection above 300/spl mu/m at a magnetic field of 100mT. Two coils are also integrated in the fabrication process to generate magnetic driving fields in different orientations. To confirm the merits of the actuator, its properties are compared to ones with non magnetostrictive NiFe film. It is also shown that the use of a metallic underlayer slightly improve the Bending. For acoustic applications the implementation of a special multilayer design and the variation of the residual stress in the actuator by the use of doped substrate increase his performance.
Kinematics of Crack Formation in Cementitious Composites by Fiber Optics (1993)

Assessment of fracture characteristics for cementitious composites subjected to impact loading is important in prediction of structural response and residual capacity under dynamic loading conditions. In the study reported herein, three‐point‐bend fiber‐reinforced‐concrete (FRC) specimens were tested under an impact velocity of 1.1 m/s (43 in./s). The range of specimens tested in this study included plain concrete as well as FRC reinforced with 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% by volume of straight steel fibers. A new fiber‐optic sensor is introduced, by which it is possible to directly measure the displacements associated with opening of cracks in cementitious composites, if their locations are known a priori. Hence, such sensors are most suited for experimental determination of crack tip opening displacements (CTOD) in notched specimens. The development and calibration of this fiber‐optic sensor for use in cementitious composites is described. Crack tip opening displacements are measured at the tip of notched FRC specimens by embedment of fiber‐optic sensors in the specimens during mixing. The fiber‐optic sensor developed in the present study can be employed in experiments involving both static and dynamic loads.
Webbots, Spiders, and Screen Scrapers: A Guide to Developing Internet Agents with PHP/CURL (2007)

The Internet is bigger and better than what a mere browser allows. Webbots, Spiders, and Screen Scrapers is for programmers and businesspeople who want to take full advantage of the vast resources available on the Web. There's no reason to let browsers limit your online experience-especially when you can easily automate online tasks to suit your individual needs. Learn how to write webbots and spiders that do all this and more: Programmatically download entire websites Effectively parse data from web pages Manage cookies Decode encrypted files Automate form submissions Send and receive email Send SMS alerts to your cell phone Unlock password-protected websites Automatically bid in online auctions Exchange data with FTP and NNTP servers Sample projects using standard code libraries reinforce these new skills. You'll learn how to create your own webbots and spiders that track online prices, aggregate different data sources into a single web page, and archive the online data you just can't live without. You'll learn inside information from an experienced webbot developer on how and when to write stealthy webbots that mimic human behavior, tips for developing fault-tolerant designs, and various methods for launching and scheduling webbots. You'll also get advice on how to write webbots and spiders that respect website owner property rights, plus techniques for shielding websites from unwanted robots. As a bonus, visit the author's website to test your webbots on sample target pages, and to download the scripts and code libraries used in the book. Some tasks are just too tedious-or too important!- to leave to humans. Once you've automated your online life, you'll never let a browser limit the way you use the Internet again.
Violin Plots: A Box Plot-Density Trace Synergism (1998)

Abstract Many modifications build on Tukey's original box plot. A proposed further adaptation, the violin plot, pools the best statistical features of alternative graphical representations of batches of data. It adds the information available from local density estimates to the basic summary statistics inherent in box plots. This marriage of summary statistics and density shape into a single plot provides a useful tool for data analysis and exploration.
Description and Prediction of Slashdot Activity (2007)

We perform a statistical analysis of user's reaction time to a new discussion thread in online debates on the popular news site Slashdot. First, we show with Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests that a mixture of two log-normal distributions combined with the circadian rhythm of the community is able to explain with surprising accuracy the reaction time of comments within a discussion thread. Second, this characterization allows to predict intermediate and long-term user behavior with acceptable precision. The prediction method is based on activity-prototypes, which consist of a mixture of two log-normal distributions, and represent the average activity in a particular region of the circadian cycle.
Serum proteome analysis for profiling protein markers associated with carcinogenesis and lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (2008)

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), one of the most common cancers in population with Chinese or Asian progeny, poses a serious health problem for southern China. It is unfortunate that most NPC victims have had lymph node metastasis (LNM) when first diagnosed. We believe that the 2D based serum proteome analysis can be useful in discovering new biomarkers that may aid in the diagnosis and therapy of NPC patients. To filter the tumor specific antigen markers of NPC, sera from 42 healthy volunteers, 27 non-LNM NPC patients and 37 LNM NPC patients were selected for screening study using 2D combined with MS. Pretreatment strategy, including sonication, albumin and immunoglobulin G (IgG) depletion, was adopted for screening differentially expressed proteins of low abundance in serum. By 2D image analysis and MALDI-TOF-MS identification, twenty-three protein spots were differentially expressed. Three of them were further validated in the sera using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our research demonstrates that HSP70, sICAM-1 and SAA, confirmed with ELISA at sera and immunohistochemistry, are potential NPC metastasis-specific serum biomarkers which may be of great underlying significance in clinical detection and management of NPC.
X-ray Crystal Structure and Binding Mode Analysis of Human <i>S</i>-Adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase Complexed with Novel Mechanism-Based Inhibitors, Haloneplanocin A Analogues (2011)

The X-ray crystal structure of human S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) hydrolase was first determined as a tetrameric form bound with the novel mechanism-based inhibitor fluoroneplanocin A (4b). The crystallized enzyme complex showed the closed conformation and turned out to be the intermediate of mechanism-based inhibition. It confirmed that the cofactor depletion by 3'-oxidation of fluoroneplanocin A contributes to the enzyme inhibition along with the irreversible covalent modification of AdoHcy hydrolase. In addition, a series of haloneplanocin A analogues (4b-e and 5b-e) were designed and synthesized to characterize the binding role and reactivity of the halogen substituents and the 4'-CH(2)OH group. The biological evaluation and molecular modeling studies identified the key pharmacophores and structural requirements for the inhibitor binding of AdoHcy hydrolase. The inhibitory activity was decreased as the size of the halogen atom increased and/or if the 4'-CH(2)OH group was absent. These results could be utilized to design new therapeutic agents operating via AdoHcy hydrolase inhibition.
Electronics for Cosmic-Ray Experiments (1947)

A method is described for detecting coincidence between the discharges of Geiger counters. The basic circuit uses diodes as coincidence tubes. The output from a diode circuit is the same polarity pulse as the inputs, hence the output from one coincidence circuit can be used to generate more complex coincidences. An example is given of a typical counter-tube experiment utilizing the diode scheme. A formula is developed for the ratio of output for total and partial coincidence in terms of the pulse width and circuit parameters; in a practical case with a pulse width of 1μ second a fourfold to threefold output ratio of 40 is obtained. Mention is also made of a combination diode-pentode coincidence circuit.
Complement Is an Essential Component of the Immune Response to Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors (2008)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are associated with relatively mild host immune responses in vivo. Although AAV induces very weak innate immune responses, neutralizing antibodies against the vector capsid and transgene still occur. To understand further the basis of the antiviral immune response to AAV vectors, studies were performed to characterize AAV interactions with macrophages. Primary mouse macrophages and human THP-1 cells transduced in vitro using an AAV serotype 2 (AAV2) vector encoding green fluorescent protein did not result in measurable transgene expression. An assessment of internalized vector genomes showed that AAV2 vector uptake was enhanced in the presence of normal but not heat-inactivated or C3-depleted mouse/human serum. Enhanced uptake in the presence of serum coincided with increased macrophage activation as determined by the expression of NF-kappaB-dependent genes such as macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-8, and MIP-1beta. AAV vector serotypes 1 and 8 also activated human and mouse macrophages in a serum-dependent manner. Immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated the binding of iC3b complement protein to the AAV2 capsid in human serum. AAV2 did not activate the alternative pathway of the complement cascade and lacked cofactor activity for factor I-mediated degradation of C3b to iC3b. Instead, our results suggest that the AAV capsid also binds complement regulatory protein factor H. In vivo, complement receptor 1/2- and C3-deficient mice displayed impaired humoral immunity against AAV2 vectors, with a delay in antibody development and significantly lower neutralizing antibody titers. These results show that the complement system is an essential component of the host immune response to AAV.
Quantitative proteomics screen identifies a substrate repertoire of rhomboid protease RHBDL2 in human cells and implicates it in epithelial homeostasis (2017)

Rhomboids are intramembrane serine proteases conserved in all kingdoms of life. They regulate epidermal growth factor receptor signalling in Drosophila by releasing signalling ligands from their transmembrane tethers. Their functions in mammals are poorly understood, in part because of the lack of endogenous substrates identified thus far. We used a quantitative proteomics approach to investigate the substrate repertoire of rhomboid protease RHBDL2 in human cells. We reveal a range of novel substrates that are specifically cleaved by RHBDL2, including the interleukin-6 receptor (IL6R), cell surface protease inhibitor Spint-1, the collagen receptor tyrosine kinase DDR1, N-Cadherin, CLCP1/DCBLD2, KIRREL, BCAM and others. We further demonstrate that these substrates can be shed by endogenously expressed RHBDL2 and that a subset of them is resistant to shedding by cell surface metalloproteases. The expression profiles and identity of the substrates implicate RHBDL2 in physiological or pathological processes affecting epithelial homeostasis.
Low-cost phase shifter and calibration solution for multi-channel receiver (2016)

The design of a multi-channel receiver phase shifter based vector multiplier for high performance and low-cost active antenna array is presented in this paper. A receiving array architecture that combines analog beamforming is to offer a solution for the phase array and smart antenna application. In the architecture, a system with simple calibration procedure is presented to decrease the phase deviation with phase shift and gain control. Therefore, continuously adjustable 360° phase with resolution 0.18° control can be achieved.