gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chimeric animal and plant viruses expressing epitopes of outer membrane protein F as a combined vaccine against<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>lung infection (2000)

Outer membrane protein F of Pseudomonas aeruginosa has vaccine efficacy against infection by P. aeruginosa as demonstrated in a variety of animal models. Through the use of synthetic peptides, three surface-exposed epitopes have been identified. These are called peptides 9 (aa 261-274 in the mature F protein, TDAYNQKLSERRAN), 10 (aa 305-318, NATAEGRAINRRVE), and 18 (aa 282-295, NEYGVEGGRVNAVG). Both the peptide 9 and 10 epitopes are protective when administered as a vaccine. In order to develop a vaccine that is suitable for use in humans, including infants with cystic fibrosis, the use of viral vector systems to present the protective epitopes has been investigated. An 11-amino acid portion of epitope 10 (AEGRAINRRVE) was successfully inserted into the antigenic B site of the hemagglutinin on the surface of influenza virus. This chimeric influenza virus protects against challenge with P. aeruginosa in the mouse model of chronic pulmonary infection. Attempts to derive a chimeric influenza virus carrying epitope 9 have been unsuccessful. A chimeric plant virus, cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV), with epitopes 18 and 10 expressed in tandem on the large coat protein subunit (CPMV-PAE5) was found to elicit antibodies that reacted exclusively with the 10 epitope and not with epitope 18. Use of this chimeric virus as a vaccine afforded protection against challenge with P. aeruginosa in the mouse model of chronic pulmonary infection. Chimeric CPMVs with a single peptide containing epitopes 9 and 18 expressed on either of the coat proteins are in the process of being evaluated. Epitope 9 was successfully expressed on the coat protein of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), and this chimeric virus is protective when used as a vaccine in the mouse model of chronic pulmonary infection. However, initial attempts to express epitope 10 on the coat protein of TMV have been unsuccessful. Efforts are continuing to construct chimeric viruses that express both the 9 and 10 epitopes in the same virus vector system. Ideally, the use of a vaccine containing two epitopes of protein F is desirable in order to greatly reduce the likelihood of selecting a variant of P. aeruginosa that escapes protective antibodies in immunized humans via a mutation in a single epitope within protein F. When the chimeric influenza virus containing epitope 10 and the chimeric TMV containing epitope 9 were given together as a combined vaccine, the immunized mice produced antibodies directed toward both epitopes 9 and 10. The combined vaccine afforded protection against challenge with P. aeruginosa in the chronic pulmonary infection model at approximately the same level of efficacy as provided by the individual chimeric virus vaccines. These results prove in principle that a combined chimeric viral vaccine presenting both epitopes 9 and 10 of protein F has vaccine potential warranting continued development into a vaccine for use in humans.
Design, Fabrication and Field Test Performance of Slug-Type Diamond Compacts Oil Bits (1979)

As part of the General Electric Company’s efforts to obtain design and application data for oil and gas well drill bits using the STRATAPAX(T) blank product, a series of slug-type bits were fabricated and tested in both the laboratory and field. This paper describes the design and fabrication techniques employed. Field test data and results are presented and a summary of design modifications and improvements incorporated in the newest bit is included.
Pharmacokinetics, toxicokinetics, distribution, metabolism and excretion of linezolid in mouse, rat and dog (2002)

1. Linezolid (ZYVOX), the first of a new class of antibiotics, the oxazolidinones, is approved for treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections. 2. The aim was to determine the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of linezolid in mouse, rat and dog in support of preclinical safety studies and clinical development. 3. Conventional replicate study designs were employed in animal experiments, and biofluids were assayed by HPLC or HPLC-MS. 4. Linezolid was rapidly absorbed after p.o. dosing with an p.o. bioavailability of > 95% in rat and dog, and > 70% in mouse. Twenty-eight-day i.v./p.o. toxicokinetic studies in rat (20-200mg kg(-1) day(-1)) and dog (10-80 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) revealed neither a meaningful increase in clearance nor accumulation upon multiple dosing. 5. Linezolid had limited protein binding (<35%) and was very well distributed to most extravascular sites, with a volume of distribution at steady-state (V(ss)) approximately equal to total body water. 6. Linezolid circulated mainly as parent drug and was excreted mainly as parent drug and two inactive carboxylic acids, PNU-142586 and PNU-142300. Minor secondary metabolites were also characterized. In all species, the clearance rate was determined by metabolism. 7. Radioactivity recovery was essentially complete within 24-48 h. Renal excretion of parent drug and metabolites was a major elimination route. Parent drug underwent renal tubular reabsorption, significantly slowing parent drug excretion and allowing a slow metabolic process to become rate-limiting in overall clearance. 8. It is concluded that ADME data were relatively consistent across species and supported the rat and dog as the principal non-clinical safety species.
Cyclic Lipopeptide Production by Plant-Associated <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp.: Diversity, Activity, Biosynthesis, and Regulation (2006)

Cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) are versatile molecules produced by a variety of bacterial genera, including plant-associated Pseudomonas spp. CLPs are composed of a fatty acid tail linked to a short oligopeptide, which is cyclized to form a lactone ring between two amino acids in the peptide chain. CLPs are very diverse both structurally and in terms of their biological activity. The structural diversity is due to differences in the length and composition of the fatty acid tail and to variations in the number, type, and configuration of the amino acids in the peptide moiety. CLPs have received considerable attention for their antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and surfactant properties. For plant-pathogenic Pseudomonas spp., CLPs constitute important virulence factors, and pore formation, followed by cell lysis, is their main mode of action. For the antagonistic Pseudomonas sp., CLPs play a key role in antimicrobial activity, motility, and biofilm formation. CLPs are produced via nonribosomal synthesis on large, multifunctional peptide synthetases. Both the structural organization of the CLP synthetic templates and the presence of specific domains and signature sequences within peptide synthetase genes will be described for both pathogenic and antagonistic Pseudomonas spp. Finally, the role of various genes and regulatory mechanisms in CLP production by Pseudomonas spp., including two-component regulation and quorum sensing, will be discussed in detail.
A capacitively loaded half-wavelength tapped-stub resonator (1997)

This paper examines a new resonator which is created by adding capacitive loading to a half-wavelength tapped-stub resonator. This capacitively loaded resonator has the property that both the Q and the resonant frequency can be set independently. This property is important because it allows this resonator to be used as either a tracking filter which maintains a constant bandwidth or as a filter which can vary its Q while maintaining a fixed resonant frequency. In this paper, equations are derived for choosing capacitance values that yield a desired resonant frequency and value of Q. Examples of using this resonator as both a fixed-frequency variable-Q filter and a constant-bandwidth tracking filter are provided. Theoretical results are verified by measurements.
Concept and Implementation of a Robust HCCI Engine Controller (2009)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">General Motors recently demonstrated two driveable test vehicles powered by a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine. HCCI combustion has the potential of a significant fuel economy benefit with reduced after-treatment cost. However, the biggest challenge of realizing HCCI in vehicle applications is controlling the combustion process. Without a direct trigger mechanism for HCCI's flameless combustion, the in-cylinder mixture composition and temperature must be tightly controlled in order to achieve robust HCCI combustion.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The control architecture and strategy that was implemented in the demo vehicles is presented in this paper. Both demo vehicles, one with automatic transmission and the other one with manual transmission, are powered by a 2.2-liter HCCI engine that features a central direct-injection system, variable valve lift on both intake and exhaust valves, dual electric camshaft phasers and individual cylinder pressure transducers.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The development of the HCCI engine controller starts with a stability analysis of the HCCI combustion process. Based on the stability analysis, operating set-points (e.g., EGR rate, air-fuel ratio, etc.) for robust HCCI combustion were determined. The engine controller was then designed to follow those set-points in HCCI combustion mode as well as manage transitions to and from SI combustion mode, which is necessary because conventional SI combustion is still currently required in high-load operations. The engine controller has been validated on both single-cylinder HCCI engine and multi-cylinder HCCI engine in the engine test cell. Finally, some test results from demo vehicles are included.</div>
Reverse compilation techniques (1994)

Techniques for writing reverse compilers or decompilers are presented in this thesis. These techniques are based on compiler and optimization theory, and are applied to decompilation in a unique way; these techniques have never before been published. A decompiler is composed of several phases which are grouped into modules dependent on language or machine features. The front-end is a machine dependent module that parses the binary program, analyzes the semantics of the instructions in the program, and generates an intermediate low-level representation of the program, as well as a control flow graph of each subroutine. The universal decompiling machine is a language and machine independent module that analyzes the low-level intermediate code and transforms it into a high-level representation available in any high-level language, and analyzes the structure of the control flow graph(s) and transform them into graphs that make use of high-level control structures. Finally, the back-end is ...
<b>Compartmentalized distribution of the proteins controlling the prespore‐specific transcription factor σ<sup>F</sup> of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i></b> (1996)

These results support the hypothesis that the accumulation of SpoIIAA within the prespore is the single most important requirement for activation of sigmaF.
Design and prototype of an augmented reality display with per-pixel mutual occlusion capability (2017)

State-of-the-art optical see-through head-mounted displays for augmented reality (AR) applications lack mutual occlusion capability, which refers to the ability to render correct light blocking relationship when merging digital and physical objects, such that the virtual views appear to be ghost-like and lack realistic appearance. In this paper, using off-the-shelf optical components, we present the design and prototype of an AR display which is capable of rendering per-pixel mutual occlusion. Our prototype utilizes a miniature organic light emitting display coupled with a liquid crystal on silicon type spatial light modulator to achieve an occlusion capable AR display offering a 30° diagonal field of view and an angular resolution of 1.24 arcminutes, with an optical performance of > 0.4 contrast over the full field at the Nquist frequency of 24.2 cycles/degree. We experimentally demonstrate a monocular prototype achieving >100:1 dynamic range in well-lighted environments.
Therapeutic Effects of hMAPC and hMSC Transplantation after Stroke in Mice (2012)

Stroke represents an attractive target for stem cell therapy. Although different types of cells have been employed in animal models, a direct comparison between cell sources has not been performed. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of human multipotent adult progenitor cells (hMAPCs) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on endogenous neurogenesis, angiogenesis and inflammation following stroke. BALB/Ca-RAG 2(-/-) γC(-/-) mice subjected to FeCl(3) thrombosis mediated stroke were intracranially injected with 2 × 10(5) hMAPCs or hMSCs 2 days after stroke and followed for up to 28 days. We could not detect long-term engraftment of either cell population. However, in comparison with PBS-treated animals, hMSC and hMAPC grafted animals demonstrated significantly decreased loss of brain tissue. This was associated with increased angiogenesis, diminished inflammation and a glial-scar inhibitory effect. Moreover, enhanced proliferation of cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and survival of newly generated neuroblasts was observed. Interestingly, these neuroprotective effects were more pronounced in the group of animals treated with hMAPCs in comparison with hMSCs. Our results establish cell therapy with hMAPCs and hMSCs as a promising strategy for the treatment of stroke.
Introduction (2010)

This book is about political subjectivities. More specifically, it concerns the ways in which political elites in Russia put together themselves and their worlds with words. It proceeds according to two basic assumptions: one, that tabulae rasae do not occur in the sphere of society, and that perception, cognition, assessment and action are fundamentally conditioned by culture; and, two, that an investigation of the political culture of Russian elites can disclose a critical dimension of their politics, identifying both what actors are able to think, say and do, and that which they cannot. Inasmuch as language constitutes the principal medium of culture, it provides a direct line of access to it. Along these lines, political culture is here conceptualized as a particular discursive formation in which individuals appear not so much as originators of their communicative acts but as relays transmitting to one another narrative messages composed and decoded on the basis of those discourses which they have internalized (Foucault,1972; Torfing, 1999).
Rotational Buoyancy Effects on Heat Transfer in Five Different Aspect-Ratio Rectangular Channels With Smooth Walls and 45Degree Ribbed Walls (2006)

This paper experimentally studies the effects of the buoyancy force and channel aspect ratio (W:H) on heat transfer in two-pass rotating rectangular channels with smooth walls and 45deg ribbed walls. The channel aspect ratios include 4:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4. Four Reynolds numbers are studied: 5000, 10,000, 25,000, and 40,000. The rotation speed is fixed at 550rpm for all tests, and for each channel, two channel orientations are studied: 90deg and 45 or 135deg, with respect to the plane of rotation. The maximum inlet coolant-to-wall density ratio (Δρ∕ρ)inlet is maintained around 0.12. Rib turbulators are placed on the leading and trailing walls of the channels at an angle of 45deg to the flow direction. The ribs have a 1.59 by 1.59mm square cross section, and the rib pitch-to-height ratio (P∕e) is 10 for all tests. Under the fixed rotation speed (550rpm) and fixed inlet coolant-to-wall density ratio (0.12), the local buoyancy parameter is varied with different Reynolds numbers, local rotating radius, local coolant-to-wall density ratio, and channel hydraulic diameter. The effects of the local buoyancy parameter and channel aspect ratio on the regional Nusselt number ratio are presented. The results show that increasing the local buoyancy parameter increases the Nusselt number ratio on the trailing surface and decreases the Nusselt number ratio on the leading surface in the first pass for all channels. However, the trend of the Nusselt number ratio in the second pass is more complicated due to the strong effect of the 180deg turn. Results are also presented for this critical turn region of the two-pass channels. In addition to these regions, the channel averaged heat transfer, friction factor, and thermal performance are determined for each channel. With the channels having comparable Nusselt number ratios, the 1:4 channel has the superior thermal performance because it incurs the least pressure penalty.
Divider and combiner line-unified FET's as basic circuit function modules. II (1990)

For pt.I see ibid., vol.38, no.9, p.1210-17 (1990). Applications of line-unified FETs (LUFETs) to RF signal processing elements such as multiport combiner/dividers, mixers, balanced modulators, signal path switches, and circulators are proposed and demonstrated. A 2*1 combiner monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) using an in-phase combiner LUFET and an N*N combiner/divider based on the 2*1 combiner topology are presented. A single-end mixer and a balanced mixer implemented by combining divider and combiner LUFETs are presented, and a balanced mixer LUFET is proposed. A balanced modulator which is realized by slightly changing the phase inverter LUFET configuration is presented. This modulator is also a LUFET. A signal path switch with a configuration of symmetrically combined magic T LUFETs is presented. A circulator which is a combination of in-phase and out-of-phase divider and combiner LUFETs is presented. The areas of the fabricated LUFETs and LUFET MMICs are between 0.1 and 1.5 mm/sup 2/, the average being about 0.5 mm/sup 2/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Survey of In-network Storage Systems (2011)

This document describes how the existing in-network storage systems
work and the related protocols in use, to evaluate their suitability
for DECADE.
GridAssist, a User Friendly Grid-Based Workflow Management Tool (2005)

This paper describes GridAssist, a user friendly grid-based workflow management tool that allows users to execute workflows in a grid environment and hides the underlying technology. Two cases are described in which, this tool is now being used: processing of astronomy data and processing of Earth observation data.
Interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor do not regulate protein balance in skeletal muscle (1987)

Recent studies have claimed that interleukin 1-containing preparations increase skeletal protein degradation similar to that seen during infection and inflammation. However, preparations employed have contained other products of activated macrophages, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha. In the present report, we investigated the capability of recombinant-derived murine and human interleukins 1-alpha and 1-beta and human tumor necrosis factor-alpha to affect skeletal protein synthesis and degradation both in vitro and in vivo. Partially purified products of Staphylococcus albus-stimulated human blood monocytes increased skeletal protein degradation both in vivo and in vitro. However, none of the recombinant interleukin 1 nor the human tumor necrosis factor-alpha preparations had any impact on skeletal protein balance. Both recombinant interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulated the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Furthermore, a polyclonal antibody to human interleukin 1 eliminated the lymphoproliferative response to partially purified monocyte preparations (interleukin 1 activity), but failed to abrogate the increased skeletal protein degradation in vitro. This study demonstrates that although interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induce a PGE2 response by skeletal muscle in vitro, some macrophage product distinct from either interleukin 1 or tumor necrosis factor-alpha is responsible for the accelerated skeletal protein degradation seen with partially purified human blood monocyte products. Elevated PGE2 levels do not appear to regulate skeletal protein balance in vitro.
Recent accomplishments in wound healing (2014)

The challenge to balance limited resources with infinite demand has encouraged an evolution in the way health care services are managed and operated. Chronic wound management is complex and prolonged, and places a considerable financial burden on health services. A typical driver of cost includes the necessity to change dressings on a regular basis. Over the last few decades, several scientific and biological advances have furthered the development of wound care products and facilitated wound management. This article investigates some of the major advancements that have occurred within the wound-care arena during the last 5 years and how these advancements are being translated to provide better delivery of clinical care to patients.
Connection Machine Lisp (1986)

Article Connection Machine Lisp: fine-grained parallel symbolic processing Share on Authors: Guy L. Steele Thinking Machines Corporation, 245 First Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts Thinking Machines Corporation, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MassachusettsView Profile , W. Daniel Hillis Thinking Machines Corporation, 245 First Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts Thinking Machines Corporation, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MassachusettsView Profile Authors Info & Claims LFP '86: Proceedings of the 1986 ACM conference on LISP and functional programmingAugust 1986 Pages 279–297https://doi.org/10.1145/319838.319870Online:08 August 1986Publication History 83citation1,100DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations83Total Downloads1,100Last 12 Months11Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Dynamical polarization of graphene at finite doping (2006)

The polarization of graphene is calculated exactly within the random phase approximation for arbitrary frequency, wave vector, and doping. At finite doping, the static susceptibility saturates to a constant value for low momenta. At $q=2 k_{F}$ it has a discontinuity only in the second derivative. In the presence of a charged impurity this results in Friedel oscillations which decay with the same power law as the Thomas Fermi contribution, the latter being always dominant. The spin density oscillations in the presence of a magnetic impurity are also calculated. The dynamical polarization for low $q$ and arbitrary $\omega $ is employed to calculate the dispersion relation and the decay rate of plasmons and acoustic phonons as a function of doping. The low screening of graphene, combined with the absence of a gap, leads to a significant stiffening of the longitudinal acoustic lattice vibrations.