gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Sensitivity and Specificity of Auricular Diagnosis in Horses (2010)

The author previously observed the presence of localized tender points on the concave surface of the external auricle of horses with clinical signs of localized somatic pain. No similar point sensitivity was detected on the auricles of horses that were free of pain. The objective of this descriptive clinical study was to compare the presence or absence of auricular point pain with conventional physical examination findings to determine the validity of auricular diagnosis to predict when musculoskeletal pain was present or absent in the horse. One hundred performance horses of both sexes and varying ages and breeds, presented for locomotor problems were randomly selected from the author’s clinical practice. All horses first received palpation of the concave surface of the auricle (external ear) with either the medial or lateral edge of the thumb and the results were recorded. After the auricular examination, a complete conventional musculoskeletal and orthopedic examination was performed to detect pain of the head, body and limbs. The results of the auricular and conventional examinations were then compared. Good correlation (> 70% in both sensitivity and specificity) between the auricular diagnosis and the conventional examination was found in the head, low cervical region, shoulder, the upper and lower thoracic regions and lumbar and sacral regions. No conclusions could be drawn regarding the reliability of auricular diagnosis for other regions. The findings of this study indicate that auricular diagnosis may be a useful tool in clinical practice and support the theory that auricular points represent specific reflex connections between the auricle and corresponding somatic areas.
Cancers of the Kidney and Urinary Tract in Patients on Dialysis for End-Stage Renal Disease (2003)

Patients on maintenance dialysis have increased risk for cancer, especially in the kidney and urinary tract. In a retrospective cohort of 831,804 patients starting dialysis during 1980 to 1994 in the United States, Europe, or Australia and New Zealand, standardized incidence ratios (SIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for kidney and bladder cancers. Risks for cancers of the kidney (SIR 3.6; CI 3.5 to 3.8) and bladder (SIR 1.5; CI 1.4 to 1.6) were increased, relatively more in younger than older patients and more in female patients (kidney: SIR 4.6, CI 4.3 to 4.9; bladder: SIR 2.7, CI 2.4 to 2.9) than male patients (kidney: SIR 3.2, CI 3.0 to 3.4; bladder: SIR 1.3, CI 1.2 to 1.3). SIR for kidney cancer were raised in all categories of primary renal disease, and for bladder cancer in all but diabetes and familial, hereditary diseases. Notably high SIR occurred in toxic nephropathies (chiefly analgesic nephropathy) and miscellaneous conditions (a category that includes Balkan nephropathy), the excess of kidney cancer in these conditions being urothelial in origin. SIR for kidney cancer rose significantly, and those for bladder cancer fell (not reaching significance) with time on dialysis. There was no association with type of dialysis. The pattern of increased risk for renal parenchymal cancer in dialysis patients is consistent with causation through acquired renal cystic disease and of urothelial cancers of the kidney and bladder with the carcinogenic effects of certain primary renal diseases.
How Poor are the Old? A Survey of Evidence from 44 Countries (2000)

This paper surveys 11 international comparative studies of poverty, income distribution and the elderly. Although it focuses on OECD economies, some 44 countries are covered. The paper addresses a series of questions. What level are the incomes of the elderly relative to the population as a whole? How has this changed over the past two decades? How many of the old are poor? How many of the poor are old? Are the oldest old poorer than younger pensioners? How do widows fare? What is the mix between public and private sources of income? Do the elderly poor remain poor? There is also a discussion of methodological issues. The results show that the incomes of the elderly are typically around 80 per cent of incomes of the populations as a whole. In most countries, this ratio has been increasing over the past two decades. Although there remain pockets of poverty among the elderly, most studies show that the old are represented proportionally or under-represented among the poor.
Reviewing Data Visualization: an Analytical Taxonomical Study (2006)

This paper presents an analytical taxonomy that can suitably describe, rather than simply classify, techniques for data presentation. Unlike previous works, we do not consider particular aspects of visualization techniques, but their mechanisms and foundational vision perception. Instead of just adjusting visualization research to a classification system, our aim is to better understand its process. For doing so, we depart from elementary concepts to reach a model that can describe how visualization techniques work and how they convey meaning
Linear and Nonlinear Characterizations of Chalcogenide Photonic Crystal Fibers (2009)

In this paper, we investigate the linear and nonlinear properties of GeSbS and AsSe chalcogenide photonic crystal fibers. Through several experimental setups, we have measured the second- and third-order chromatic dispersion, the effective area, losses, birefringence, the nonlinear Kerr coefficient as well as Brillouin and Raman scattering properties.
A polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Wuchereria bancrofti in blood samples from French Polynesia (1996)

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay based on a highly repeated deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence found in Wuchereria bancrofti (the SspI repeat) has been developed to address the shortcomings of traditional diagnostic methods. In this field study in a W. bancrofti endemic region of French Polynesia, 373 human blood samples were collected and 100 microL of blood were screened by the SspI PCR assay and 1 microL by membrane filtration. The SspI PCR assay detected 99 of 113 blood samples in which microfilariae had been detected by filtration (sensitivity of 88%) with a specificity of 100%. All the samples missed by the SspI PCR assay had less than 8 microfilariae per mL of blood. To evaluate the efficacy of screening larger blood samples by PCR, both 100 microL and 500 microL samples from 50 patients with very low-level microfilaraemia were screened by the SspI PCR assay; the sensitivity increased from 60% to 84% when using the larger volume of blood. Finally, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based version of the SspI PCR assay was used to screen blood from 12 patients following treatment with diethylcarbamazine, ivermectin, or both. These results showed that the PCR assay closely paralleled the presence or absence of microfilariae in the blood and that no increase in the DNA level was seen immediately following drug treatment.
Measuring the performances of decision-making units using geometric average efficiency (2006)

The performances of decision-making units (DMUs) can be measured from two different points of view: optimistic or pessimistic, which leads to two different efficiencies for each DMU: the best relative efficiency and the worst relative efficiency. The conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) considers only the best relative efficiency. It is argued that the two different efficiencies should be considered together and any approach considers only one of them is biased. This paper proposes to integrate the two different efficiencies into a geometric average efficiency, which measures the overall performance of each DMU. It is found that the geometric average efficiency has better discriminating power than either of the two efficiencies. This is illustrated by two numerical examples.
Recent progress in high-power blue-violet lasers (2003)

GaN-based 400-nm high-power lasers have been developed as a light source for optical disk recording, laser printer, and displays. The lasers in systems for optical disks with capacities greater than 50 GB are required to operate at high output power exceeding 100 mW in order to write information to a dual-layer disk. To satisfy this performance requirement, we examined the absorption loss in Mg-doped GaN super-lattice layers, and successfully reduced the internal loss by isolating these layers from the active layer.
RSYN: a system for automated synthesis of reliable multilevel circuits (1994)

Conventional logic synthesis systems are targeted towards reducing the area required by a logic block, as measured by the literal count or gate count; or, improving the performance in terms of gate delays; or, improving the testability of the synthesized circuit, as measured by the irredundancy of the resultant circuit. In this paper, we address the problem of developing reliability driven logic synthesis algorithms for multilevel logic circuits, which are integrated within the MIS synthesis system. Our procedures are based on concurrent error detection techniques that have been proposed in the past for two level circuits, and adapting those techniques to multilevel logic synthesis algorithms. Three schemes for concurrent error detection in a multilevel circuit are proposed in this paper, using which all the single stuck at faults in the circuit can be detected concurrently. The first scheme uses duplication of a given multilevel circuit with the addition of a totally self-checking comparator. The second scheme proposes a procedure to generate the multilevel circuit from a two level representation under some constraint such that, the Berger code of the output vector can be used to detect any single fault inside the circuit, except at the inputs. A constrained technology mapping procedure is also presented in this paper. The third scheme is based on parity codes on the outputs. The outputs are partitioned using a novel partitioning algorithm, and each partition is implemented using a multilevel circuit. Some additional parity coded outputs are generated. In all three schemes, all the necessary checkers are generated automatically and the whole circuit is placed and routed using the Timberwolf layout package. The area overheads for several benchmark examples are reported in this paper. The entire procedure is integrated into a new system called RSYN.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Homogeneous detection of nucleic acids by transient-state polarized fluorescence. (1993)

We describe a transient-state polarized fluorescence-based method for detecting nucleic acids. An active ester of the phthalocyanine dye La Jolla Blue was coupled to an oligonucleotide containing an amino group at its 5' end, and the conjugate was purified by HPLC chromatography. We monitored the hybridization characteristics of the conjugate with complementary oligonucleotides and RNA as targets by transient-state polarized fluorescence measurements. The method was comparable in sensitivity to isotopic and nonisotopic heterogeneous detection systems and was capable of detecting 1 fmol of a 382-base-long RNA transcript from human immunodeficiency virus type (HIV-1) generated in a self-sustained sequence replication (3SR) reaction.
Improved power factor controller (1980)

Power dissipation is ac induction motor is reduced by circuit that lowers applied voltage when motor is idling or only lightly loaded. Timing voltages in phase with motor current are sensed a cross gate-controlled semiconductor whitch with motor, rather than across high-power resistor, as in earlier version.
Persephone: A non-nuclear rendezvous mission to a Kuiper Belt Object (2001)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Gregory L. Matloff; Persephone: A non-nuclear rendezvous mission to a Kuiper Belt Object. AIP Conf. Proc. 2 February 2001; 552 (1): 612–617. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1357984 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Dexamethasone and DMSO in experimental transorbital cerebral infarction. (1976)

Twenty rhesus monkeys were used to evaluate the effects of dexamethasone and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) following experimental occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) for 17 hours. Animals were initially treated after four hours while the MCA remained occluded and a series of tests was used to evaluate the neurological and cerebral status of each monkey for seven days. The results show that the gross, microscopic and angiographical picture of dexamethasone and no-treatment controls was practically identical. In contrast, DMSO-treated monkeys showed significant protection from the severe neurological deficits seen in the other groups. It is concluded that DMSO has a positive effect in reducing the neurological deficits seen in this model and may be potentially useful in clinical emoblic stroke.
Exogenous interleukin‐10 attenuates hyperoxia‐induced acute lung injury in mice (2014)

What is the central question of this study? It is not known whether treatment with interleukin-10 (IL-10) attenuates hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in mice. What is the main finding and its importance? Our results showed that exogenous IL-10 treatment alleviated hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in mice, possibly by regulating neutrophil recruitment and the subsequent generation of cytokines, nitric oxide and matrix metalloproteinases. Lung injury caused by breathing air enriched with oxygen continues to be a major problem in clinical medicine. Here, we investigated the therapeutic role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in mice. In the first experiment, mice were exposed to room air or 95% O2 and treated with IL-10 simultaneously. In the second experiment, wild-type mice and IL-10(-/-) mice were exposed to room air or 95% O2 . Exogenous IL-10 treatment attenuated hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury, evidenced by a reduced ratio of lung weight to body weight, ratio of lung wet weight to dry weight, cell numbers and protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and cell death. Interleukin-10 treatment markedly prolonged the survival of mice during oxygen exposure. Interleukin-10 treatment reduced the activity of myeloperoxidase and mRNA levels of interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α and macrophage inflammatory protein 2, suppressed nuclear factor-κB activation and decreased inducible nitric oxide synthnase expression and nitric oxide formation in lungs of mice exposed to hyperoxia. Interleukin-10 treatment suppressed activities of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 and reduced lung permeability in mice during oxygen exposure. Furthermore, absence of IL-10 aggravated hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury and reduced the duration of survival of mice during oxygen exposure, which was attenuated by treatment with IL-10. In conclusion, our results show that exogenous IL-10 treatment alleviates hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in mice, possibly by regulating neutrophil recruitment and the subsequent generation of cytokines, nitric oxide and matrix metalloproteinases. This suggests that IL-10 treatment may be a promising therapeutic strategy to reduce lung injury in patients exposed to hyperoxia.
Identification of a region of the DNMT1 methyltransferase that regulates the maintenance of genomic imprints (2009)

Reprogramming of DNA methylation patterns during mammalian preimplantation development involves the concurrent maintenance of methylation on differentially methylated domains (DMDs) of imprinted genes and a marked reduction of global (non-DMD) genomic methylation. In the developing mammalian embryo, one allele of a DMD is unmethylated, and the opposite parental allele is methylated, having inherited this methylation from the parental gamete. The maintenance of DMDs is important for monoallelic imprinted gene expression and normal development of the embryo. Because the DNMT1 cytosine methyltransferase governs maintenance methylation in mammals, rearrangements of non-DMD, but not DMD methylation in preimplantation embryos suggest that the preimplantation DNMT1-dependent maintenance mechanism specifically targets DMD sequences. We explored this possibility using an engineered mouse ES cell line to screen for mutant DNMT1 proteins that protect against the loss of DMD and/or global (non-DMD) methylation in the absence of the wild-type endogenous DNMT1 methyltransferase. We identified DNMT1 mutants that were defective in maintenance of either DMD and/or non-DMD methylation. Among these, one mutant maintained non-DMD methylation but not imprinted DMD methylation and another mutant maintained just DMD methylation. The mutated amino acids of these mutants reside in a mammal-specific, disordered region near the amino terminus of DNMT1. These findings suggest that DNMT1 participates in epigenetic reprogramming through its ability to distinguish different categories of methylated sequences.
Transcriptional Regulation of hTREX84 in Human Cancer Cells (2012)

TREX (transcription/export) is a multiprotein complex that plays a key role in the transcriptional elongation and transport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. We previously reported the purification of the human TREX protein and found that expression of a member of this complex, p84N5 (referred to as hTREX84 or hHPR1), a RB binding protein, correlated with breast tumor size and metastasis. Here we examine the mechanisms of aberrant expression of hTREX84 in breast and ovarian cancer cells and evaluate its role in tumorigenesis. We show that ovarian tumor cells over-express hTREX84 4-fold and 10-fold compared to immortal, non-tumorigenic and primary ovarian surface epithelial cells, respectively. Reduction of hTREX84 levels by small interfering RNA result in inhibition of cellular proliferation and G(2/M) arrest. Even though we observed that hTREX84 expression was induced by treatment with a demethylation agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC), sodium bisulfite DNA sequencing and methylation specific PCR found no evidence of changes in DNA methylation in the CpG islands in the regulator region of hTREX84. We subsequently identify several transcriptional factors, including NF-κB binding sites in the hTREX84 gene promoter and demonstrate by chromatin immunoprecipation (ChIP) and site directed mutagenesis that RelA/p65 binds the NF-kB binding sites and induces hTREX84 expression. Finally, we show by immunohistochemistry (IHC) that RelA/p65 is abundantly expressed in malignant cells that aberrantly express hTREX84 indicating that RelA/p65 might play a pivotal role in regulating hTREX84 expression in cancer. Our results indicate that overexpression of hTREX84 is associated with cancer cell transformation, proliferation and may be regulated by RelA/p65.
Synthesis of nickel(II) complexes containing neutral N,N− and anionic N,O− bidentate ligands, and their behaviour as chain-growth catalysts; structural characterisation of complexes containing (mim)2CO, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si2.gif" overflow="scroll"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">mimCO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:none/><mml:none/><mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>, and mimCPh2O− (mim = 1-methylimidazol-2-yl) (2005)

The complexes NiBr2(L2) [L2 = (mim)2CO (7a), (bim)2CO (7b), py(mim)CO (8), PhNCHbim (9)], NiBr(o-Tol){(mim)2CO} (10), Ni(L2)(o-Tol)(PPh3) [L2=mimCO2-(11a),bmCO2-(11b), mimCPh2O− (12), mimC6H4O− (13)], and [Ni{(mim)2CO}3][BF4]2 · 0.25H2O (16) have been synthesised from nickel(II) salts (7–9, 16) or NiBr(o-Tol)(PPh3)2 [10–13], where mim = 1-methylimidazol-2-yl, bim = 1-benzylimidazol-2-yl, and py = pyridin-2-yl. The square-planar complexes (11a, 12) and octahedral 16 have been characterised by X-ray diffraction studies, together with octahedral cis-[Ni{(mim)2CO}2Br(OH2)]Br · CD3CN (14) and cis-[Ni{(mim)2CO}2(OH2)2]Br2 · 3CD3CN (15). Preliminary catalytic studies have been undertaken with a number of the nickel complexes. Complexes 11–13 form single component catalysts for the oligomerization or polymerization of ethylene and the bromo-complexes (7–9) form active catalysts for the oligomerization or polymerization of ethylene when activated with MMAO.
Reduction of nitric oxide by hydrogen over Pt/. gamma. -Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ as a function of metal loading (1980)

The reduction of nitric oxide by hydrogen on platinum, supported on ..gamma..-alumina, is evaluated as a function of Pt concentration in the range from 273 to 373/sup 0/K. Product distribution and apparent activation energy in this temperature range remain rather constant as the Pt atoms change from a dispersed phase to a particulate phase of distinct clusters. Measured per chemisorption site, atoms in the particulate phase are much more reactive than atoms in the dispersed phase. Optimum catalyst efficiency is reached at a Pt loading of about 5 wt%. Theoretical considerations, based on transition state theory, suggest that the dissociation of NO is rate determining.
Use of 15N-NMR to resolve molecular details in isotopically-enriched carbohydrates: sequence-specific observations in hyaluronan oligomers up to decasaccharides (2004)

The glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan is a vital structural component of extracellular matrices with diverse biological functions, a molecular understanding of which requires a detailed description of secondary and tertiary solution structures. Various models of these structures have been proposed on the basis of 1H and 13C natural-abundance nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, but resonance overlap limits further progress with these techniques. We have therefore produced 15N- and 13C- isotopically-labeled hyaluronan oligosaccharides and applied triple-resonance and 3D experiments to overcome this restriction. Spectra recorded on oligosaccharides (of lengths 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 sugar rings), reveal that the 15N nucleus allows resolution of the amide groups in a decamer at high magnetic field, whereas 13C natural-abundance NMR can only resolve internal groups up to hexamers. Complete 13N sequence- specific assignments of these oligosaccharides indicate that the chemical shift dispersion can be explained by end-effects, which are seen even in the middle of octamers. Triple- resonance and 15N-edited 3D experiments, among the first of their kind in oligosaccharides, have been used to achieve resolution of ring 1H and 13C nuclei where not possible previously. The subtle chemical shift perturbations resolved suggest that different conformations and dynamics occur at the ends, which may contribute to the range of biological activities displayed by varying lengths of hyaluronan. 15N-NMR in carbohydrates has not received much attention before, however, this study demonstrates it has clear advantages for achieving resolution and assessing dynamic motion. These conclusions are likely to be applicable to the study of the structure and dynamics of other nitrogen-containing carbohydrates.