gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers with Metalloporphyrin-Based Molecular Recognition Sites Coassembled with Methacrylic Acid (2001)

A diastereoselective molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for (-)-cinchonidine, PPM(CD), was prepared by the combined use of methacrylic acid and vinyl-substituted zinc(II) porphyrin as functional monomers. Compared to MIPs using only methacrylic acid or zinc porphyrin as a functional monomer, PM(CD) and PP(CD), respectively, PPM(CD) showed higher binding ability for (-)-cinchonidine in chromatographic tests using the MIP-packed columns. Scatchard analysis gave a higher association constant of PPM(CD) for (-)-cinchonidine (1.14 x 10(7) M(-1)) than those of PP(CD) (1.45 x 10(6) M(-1)) and PM(CD) (6.78 x 10(6) M(-1)). The affinity distribution of binding sites estimated by affinity spectrum analysis showed a higher percentage of high-affinity sites and a lower percentage of low-affinity sites in PPM(CD). The MIPs containing a zinc(II) porphyrin in the binding sites, PPM(CD) and PP(CD), showed fluorescence quenching according to the binding of (-)-cinchonidine, and the quenching was significant in the low-concentration range, suggesting that the high-affinity binding sites contain the porphyrin residue. The correlation of the relative fluorescence intensity against log of (-)-cinchonidine concentrations showed a linear relationship. These results revealed that the MIP having highly specific binding sites was assembled by the two functional monomers, vinyl-substituted zinc(II) porphyrin and methacrylic acid, and they cooperatively worked to yield the specific binding. In addition, the zinc(II) porphyrin-based MIPs appeared to act as fluorescence sensor selectively responded by binding events of the template molecule.
The Structure of Thyroid Autoantigens (1990)

AbstractThere are three distinct and well characterized thyroid autoantigens-thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid peroxidase (microsomal antigen/TPO) and the TSH receptor. Auto-antibodies to the TSH receptor are responsible for hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease whereas antibodies to TPO and Tg are associated with the hypothyroidism of Hashimoto's disease and primary myxoedema. However TPO antibodies (and to a lesser extent Tg antibodies) are also found in Graves' disease.This review summarises the current state of knowledge regarding the structure of the 3 thyroid autoantigens with particular emphasis on their interaction with auto-antibodies.
The Insulin Receptor: A New Target for Cancer Therapy (2011)

A large body of evidences have shown that both the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) and the insulin receptor (IR) play a role in cancer development and progression. In particular, IR overactivation by IGF-II is common in cancer cells, especially in dedifferentiated/stem-like cells. In spite of these findings, until very recently, only IGF-IR but not IR has been considered a target in cancer therapy. Although several preclinical studies have showed a good anti-cancer activity of selective anti-IGF-IR drugs, the results of the clinical first trials have been disappointing. In fact, only a small subset of malignant tumors has shown an objective response to these therapies. Development of resistance to anti-IGF-IR drugs may include upregulation of IR isoform A (IR-A) in cancer cells and its overactivation by increased secretion of autocrine IGF-II. These findings have led to the concept that co-targeting IR together with IGF-IR may increase therapy efficacy and prevent adaptive resistance to selective anti-IGF-IR drugs. IR blockade should be especially considered in tumors with high IR-A:IGF-IR ratio and high levels of autocrine IGF-II. Conversely, insulin sensitizers, which ameliorate insulin resistance associated with metabolic disorders and cancer treatments, may have important implications for cancer prevention and management. Only few drugs co-targeting the IR and IGF-IR are currently available. Ideally, future IR targeting strategies should be able to selectively inhibit the tumor promoting effects of IR without impairing its metabolic effects.
Illness-Induced Aversions in Rat and Quail: Relative Salience of Visual and Gustatory Cues (1971)

Bobwhite quail, like the rat, learn in one trial to avoid flavored water when illness is induced by a drug (1/2) 12 hour after drinking. In contrast to the rat, quail also learn to avoid water that is merely darkened by vegetable dye. The visual cue is even more salient than the taste cue in quail.
Portable erythema meter and its application to use in human skin (1990)

Synopsis In this study a compact, hand-held, solid state erythema meter using light emitting diodes is described. This device has been constructed and used to compare with visual assessments of ultraviolet radiation in human subjects. A statistically significant correlation was obtained between erythema index and visual assessment in 24 ultraviolet irradiated subjects. Furthermore, the effects of three aftersun treatments have also been assessed objectively using the meter and subjectively using visual assessments. The ultraviolet-irradiated areas were less red following treatment than the irradiated and untreated areas. The results obtained by the meter were similar to and statistically significant with those obtained by visual assessment. It is concluded that widespread use of an erythema meter such as that described would greatly improve all cutaneous erythema assessments.
Predictive numerical simulations for rebuilding freestream conditions in atmospheric entry flows (2018)

Une prédiction fidèle des écoulements hypersoniques à haute enthalpie est capitale pour les missions d'entrée atmosphérique. Cependant, la présence d'incertitudes est inévitable, sur les conditions de l'écoulement libre comme sur d'autres paramètres des modèles physico-chimiques. Pour cette raison, une quantification rigoureuse de l'effet de ces incertitudes est obligatoire pour évaluer la robustesse et la prédictivité des simulations numériques. De plus, une reconstruction correcte des paramètres incertains à partir des mesures en vol peut aider à réduire le niveau d'incertitude sur les sorties. Dans ce travail, nous utilisons un cadre statistique pour la propagation directe des incertitudes ainsi que pour la reconstruction inverse des conditions de l'écoulement libre dans le cas d'écoulements de rentrée atmosphérique. La possibilité d'exploiter les mesures de flux thermique au nez du véhicule pour la reconstruction des variables de l'écoulement libre et des paramètres incertains du modèle est évaluée pour les écoulements de rentrée hypersoniques. Cette reconstruction est réalisée dans un cadre bayésien, permettant la prise en compte des différentes sources d'incertitudes et des erreurs de mesure. Différentes techniques sont introduites pour améliorer les capacités de la stratégie statistique de quantification des incertitudes. Premièrement, une approche est proposée pour la génération d'un métamodèle amélioré, basée sur le couplage de Kriging et Sparse Polynomial Dimensional Decomposition. Ensuite, une méthode d'ajoute adaptatif de nouveaux points à un plan d'expériences existant est présentée dans le but d'améliorer la précision du métamodèle créé. Enfin, une manière d'exploiter les sous-espaces actifs dans les algorithmes de Markov Chain Monte Carlo pour les problèmes inverses bayésiens est également exposée.
Natural bactericidal activity of human serum against Neisseria meningitidis isolates of different serogroups and serotypes (1982)

We used a microtiter assay, standardized with serum-sensitive and serum-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, to determine the serum sensitivity of Neisseria meningitidis isolates of different serogroups and serotypes. Numbers of serum-resistant isolates varied among serogroups: group A = 7/8 (88%), group B = 26/50 (52%), group C = 5/8 (63%), group Y = 4/6 (67%), group W135 = 5/8 (63%), group 29E (Z') = 0/8 (0%), nongroupable isolates = 0/8 (0%). In comparison to group B isolates, group A isolates were more serum resistant (P less than 0.06), and group 29E and nongroupable isolates were more serum sensitive (P less than 0.001). Poor correlation was observed between serum sensitivity results and group-specific levels of bactericidal antibody in the normal human serum of volunteers. The frequency of serum-resistant strains among group B disease isolates (45%) was not significantly different from throat isolates of asymptomatic carriers (52%). Serotype 2 isolates of group B were no more serum resistant than were other serotypes examined. The serum sensitivity of meningococci appears to involve both capsular and noncapsular antigens and varies between serogroups. The increased serum sensitivity of nongroupable and group 29E isolates may account for the low incidence of disease caused by these organisms.
PCR‐linked in vitro expression: a novel system for high‐throughput construction and screening of protein libraries (2003)

A novel entirely in vitro strategy for generation and screening of a combinatorial protein library in an array format has been developed and is experimentally demonstrated. The strategy exploits virtues of PCR and in vitro coupled transcription/translation. Our new approach provides high-throughput construction and screening of the in vitro protein library, and compatibility with various selection methods.
High Voltage Super-Capacitors for Energy Storage Devices Applications (2008)

Super-capacitor has the characteristics of big capacitance, high energy density, long cycle life, quick charge and discharge compared with traditional capacitors, which is regarded as a new-style energy storage element. The general demands for super-capacitors are high working voltage, big capacitance and low resistance for pulse power supply applications, especially for the pulse power supply of electromagnetic launch system applications. However the working voltage of existing super-capacitors is very low (<3.5 V), which has restricted its further applications. To meet the requirements of high voltage, it has to be connected some units of super-capacitors in series. But the total capacitance of energy storage device decreases, and the inner resistance increases. In the paper, a high voltage super-capacitor of 100 V, 5.8 mF, 0.05 Omega was introduced. The super-capacitor is composed of anode of electrolytic capacitors, cathode of electrochemical capacitors and 38 wt% H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> SO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> electrolyte solution. By electric test, the super- capacitor has the properties of large capacitance and high energy density, which is an idea energy storage element. Energy storage device of 100 V/3 kJ is constructed with 100 high voltage super-capacitors in parallel; it can be set between battery and pulse load as intermediate energy storage device instead of electrolytic capacitors to enhance energy density and power density of power supply system. The test and simulation results show that the energy storage device can provide a discharge current of 2000 A, and peak power up to 200 kW.
Generating and validating abstracts of meeting conversations: a user study (2010)

In this paper we present a complete system for automatically generating natural language abstracts of meeting conversations. This system is comprised of components relating to interpretation of the meeting documents according to a meeting ontology, transformation or content selection from that source representation to a summary representation, and generation of new summary text. In a formative user study, we compare this approach to gold-standard human abstracts and extracts to gauge the usefulness of the different summary types for browsing meeting conversations. We find that our automatically generated summaries are ranked significantly higher than human-selected extracts on coherence and usability criteria. More generally, users demonstrate a strong preference for abstract-style summaries over extracts. 1
Theory of V-Antennas (1951)

An integral equation for the current in an apex-driven symmetrical V-antenna is derived and solved by successive approximations. General formulas for the distribution of current and the impedance are obtained. The zeroth-order impedance is evaluated for a leg-length h=λ0/4 as a function of the enclosed angle and used to estimate experimental results.
Make it home (2011)

We present a system that automatically synthesizes indoor scenes realistically populated by a variety of furniture objects. Given examples of sensibly furnished indoor scenes, our system extracts, in advance, hierarchical and spatial relationships for various furniture objects, encoding them into priors associated with ergonomic factors, such as visibility and accessibility, which are assembled into a cost function whose optimization yields realistic furniture arrangements. To deal with the prohibitively large search space, the cost function is optimized by simulated annealing using a Metropolis-Hastings state search step. We demonstrate that our system can synthesize multiple realistic furniture arrangements and, through a perceptual study, investigate whether there is a significant difference in the perceived functionality of the automatically synthesized results relative to furniture arrangements produced by human designers.
HILO-An Improved Transmission Scheme for Semiconductor Switching Networks (1971)

Foremost among the problems in semiconductor switching netWork implementation is the difficulty of fabricating a semiconductor cross-point which duplicates the characteristics of of metallic crosspoint of nearly zero “on” impedance. A low crosspoint impedance is necessary for low signal loss through the switching network.
Insulin regulation of regional free fatty acid metabolism. (1999)

Studies were conducted to determine whether regional free fatty acid (FFA) release is differentially regulated by insulin. Systemic, leg, and splanchnic palmitate rate of appearance ([9,10-(3)H]palmitate) was measured in 26 healthy adults using the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique to achieve a physiological range of plasma insulin concentrations. We found that insulin inhibited systemic, leg, and splanchnic palmitate release in a dose-dependent fashion over the range of insulin infused (0-1.0 mU x kg(-1) x min(-1)). Progressive hyperinsulinemia changed the leg from a net producer to a net FFA consumer, whereas the splanchnic bed converted from a net FFA consumer to a net producer. At the 0.5 mU x kg(-1) x min(-1) insulin infusion rate, leg FFA release was almost completely suppressed, whereas even with the 1.0 mU x kg(-1) x min(-1) insulin infusion rate, splanchnic FFA release decreased by only approximately 65% (P < 0.05 leg vs. splanchnic). These results demonstrate the regional heterogeneity of insulin-regulated FFA release in vivo, and indicate that visceral adipose tissue lipolysis is more resistant to insulin suppression than is leg lipolysis in humans.
Porphyrins. 40. Electronic spectra and four-orbital energies of free-base, zinc, copper, and palladium tetrakis(perfluorophenyl)porphyrins (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPorphyrins. 40. Electronic spectra and four-orbital energies of free-base, zinc, copper, and palladium tetrakis(perfluorophenyl)porphyrinsP. J. Spellane, M. Gouterman, A. Antipas, S. Kim, and Y. C. LiuCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1980, 19, 2, 386–391Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50204a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50204a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4327Altmetric-Citations300LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Simulating closed- and open-loop voluntary movement: a nonlinear control-systems approach (2002)

In many recent human motor control models, including feedback-error learning and adaptive model theory (AMT), feedback control is used to correct errors while an inverse model is simultaneously tuned to provide accurate feedforward control. This popular and appealing hypothesis, based on a combination of psychophysical observations and engineering considerations, predicts that once the tuning of the inverse model is complete the role of feedback control is limited to the correction of disturbances. This hypothesis was tested by looking at the open-loop behavior of the human motor system during adaptation. An experiment was carried out involving 20 normal adult subjects who learned a novel visuomotor relationship on a pursuit tracking task with a steering wheel for input. During learning, the response cursor was periodically blanked, removing all feedback about the external system (i.e., about the relationship between hand motion and response cursor motion). Open-loop behavior was not consistent with a progressive transfer from closed- to open-loop control. Our recently developed computational model of the brain--a novel nonlinear implementation of AMT--was able to reproduce the observed closed- and open-loop results. In contrast, other control-systems models exhibited only minimal feedback control following adaptation, leading to incorrect open-loop behavior. This is because our model continues to use feedback to control slow movements after adaptation is complete. This behavior enhances the internal stability of the inverse model. In summary, our computational model is currently the only motor control model able to accurately simulate the closed- and open-loop characteristics of the experimental response trajectories.
Design decisions influencing the UltraSPARC's instruction fetch architecture (1996)

Designing a modern microprocessor is a complex task that demands careful balance between cycle time, cycle-per-instruction and area costs. In particular, the instruction fetch unit greatly affects the performance of a multi-issue processor. It must provide adequate bandwidth to sustain peak instruction issue rate and must predict future instruction sequences with high accuracy. In the UltraSPARC prefetch and dispatch unit design, we examined a technique that combined two prediction methods: predictive set-associative cache and in-cache prediction. This combination was compared with alternative designs such as direct-mapped and set-associative caches, and a branch history table and a branch target buffer. We chose the combined prediction technique for its fast cycle time, lower cycle-per-instruction, and lower area costs. This paper summarizes the trade-off decisions made in the design of the UltraSPARC instruction prefetch and dispatch unit.
Parallel classifiers ensemble with hierarchical machine learning for imbalanced classes (2008)

Imbalanced distributions and mis-classified costs of two classes made conventional classification methods suffered. This paper proposed a new fast parallel classification method for imbalanced classes. Considering imbalanced distributions, the approach adopted a fast simple classifier with less features input working parallel with a complicated one. Most samples would be correctly recognized by the first classifier, and the second relatively slower classifier could be ended. The second one was only trained and worked for less difficult samples. Experimental results in machine vision quality inspection showed that the approach could effectively improve classification speed and decrease total risk for imbalanced classespsila classification.
Approaches to Evaluation of Fibrogenic Pathways in Surgical Lung Biopsy Specimens (2005)

Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) are a heterogeneous group of pulmonary fibrotic disorders consisting of several clinicopathologic entities with differing histopathologic patterns, clinical course, response to therapy, and prognosis. It is now recognized that accurate diagnosis is required in IIP, particularly in distinguishing various clinicopathologic entities of this disease from usual interstitial pneumonia, the most common histological pattern in IIP. Although no longer considered the "gold standard" for diagnosis, surgical lung biopsies (SLBs) have provided clinicians and researchers with important clues as to the identity of soluble mediators that may account for the subtype differences in IIP. Given that the expression of chemokine ligands and chemokine receptors appear to be markedly altered during the development of pulmonary fibrosis in IIP , we have focused on the characterization of these mediators in IIP and non-IIP SLBs and in primary human fibroblast lines grown from these biopsies. Herein, we describe laboratory techniques routinely employed to detect these important profibrotic factors and their corresponding receptors in SLBs and in primary human fibroblast lines.
Radikalische Additionen, X: Einfache Synthese einiger Spiro[2.4]heptan‐4,4,7,7‐tetracarbonitrile (1981)

Abstract 2‐[1‐(1‐Bromalkyl)‐1‐propenyl]propandinitrile (4) und 2‐(1‐Alkyl‐2‐brompropyliden)propandinitrile ( 5 ) sind leicht zugänglich durch radikalische Addition von Brommalononitril ( 2 ) an Allene ( 1 ), einige Verbindungen 5 auch durch Bromierung von Alkylidenpropandinitrilen. 4a – c und 5a , b lieferten mit Triethylamin bei Raumtemperatur in 70–80% Ausbeute die Spiro = [2.4]heptan‐4,4,7,7‐tetracarbonitrile 8 – 10 . Die Konstitution von 9 wurde durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse gesichert. 9 weist im 9‐Ring starke Verzerrungen auf mit Bindungswinkeln an einigen gesättigten C‐Atomen von ca. 120° und Bindungslängen von 148.5 pm.
Graphic workstations and supercomputers: An integrated environment for simulation of fluid dynamics problems (1991)

An integrated environment for simulation and visualization of physics and engineering problems of industrial interest has been set up at the IBM European Center for Scientific and Engineering Computing (ECSEC). This paper describes the environment, its components, and some experiments carried on at ECSEC to represent 3D objects displayed with the shading technique and the solution of fluid dynamics problems, all treated with the finite element method. Moreover, the paper describes the animation experiments developed to represent dynamics phenomena (fluid flows) and presents a videotape showing the time evolution of three fluid dynamics study cases.