gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The development and validation of a fast and robust dried blood spot based lipid profiling method to study infant metabolism (2014)

Early life exposures and metabolic programming are associated with later disease risk. In particular lipid metabolism is thought to play a key role in the development of the metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in later life. Investigative studies of metabolic programming are limited by the ethics and practicalities of sample collection in small infants. Dried blood spots on filter paper, derived from heel pricks are considered as the most suitable option for this age group. We validated a novel lipid profiling method, based on high resolution mass spectrometry to successfully determine the lipid composition of infants using dried blood spots. The spotting and air drying of blood on paper has noticeable effects on many of the lipids, leading to lipid oxidation and hydrolysis, which demand careful interpretation of the obtained data. We compared the lipid profiles from plasma or whole blood samples and the results from dried blood spots to determine if these revealed the same inter-subject differences. The results from dried blood spots were no less reproducible than other lipid profiling methods which required comparatively larger sample volumes. Therefore, lipid profiles obtained from dried blood spots can be successfully used to monitor infancy lipid metabolism and we show significant differences in the lipid metabolism of infants at age 3 versus 12 months.
Characterization and Compensation of Network-Level Anomalies in Mixed-Signal Neuromorphic Modeling Platforms (2014)

Advancing the size and complexity of neural network models leads to an ever increasing demand for computational resources for their simulation. Neuromorphic devices offer a number of advantages over conventional computing architectures, such as high emulation speed or low power consumption, but this usually comes at the price of reduced configurability and precision. In this article, we investigate the consequences of several such factors that are common to neuromorphic devices, more specifically limited hardware resources, limited parameter configurability and parameter variations due to fixed-pattern noise and trial-to-trial variability. Our final aim is to provide an array of methods for coping with such inevitable distortion mechanisms. As a platform for testing our proposed strategies, we use an executable system specification (ESS) of the BrainScaleS neuromorphic system, which has been designed as a universal emulation back-end for neuroscientific modeling. We address the most essential limitations of this device in detail and study their effects on three prototypical benchmark network models within a well-defined, systematic workflow. For each network model, we start by defining quantifiable functionality measures by which we then assess the effects of typical hardware-specific distortion mechanisms, both in idealized software simulations and on the ESS. For those effects that cause unacceptable deviations from the original network dynamics, we suggest generic compensation mechanisms and demonstrate their effectiveness. Both the suggested workflow and the investigated compensation mechanisms are largely back-end independent and do not require additional hardware configurability beyond the one required to emulate the benchmark networks in the first place. We hereby provide a generic methodological environment for configurable neuromorphic devices that are targeted at emulating large-scale, functional neural networks.
Synthesis of enantiopure α-deuteriated Boc-<scp>L</scp>-amino acids (1996)

An alternative scheme for the synthesis of enantiopure α-deuteriated amino acids from a common intermediate is presented. Methyl bis(methylsulfanyl)methylene[2,2-2H2]glycinate was prepared in a mixture of MeOD and D2O with a catalytic amount of Na2CO3 and attached to (2R)-bornane-10,2-sultam. Alkylation of the corresponding enolate provided intermediates which after careful purification were first deprotected on nitrogen and then cleaved from the auxiliary to give deuteriated α-amino acids of very high purity ( > 99% ee and > 98% D). These were directly converted into the corresponding Boc-L-[2-2H]-Ala, -Leu, -Phe and -(O-Bzl)Tyr derivatives, suitable for application in peptide synthesis. Boc-[2,2-2H2]Gly was also prepared.
Donor–acceptor type random copolymers for full visible light absorption (2011)

Copolymerization towards obtaining full visible light absorption is highlighted. Randomly distributed segments of different oligomers resulted in neutral state black copolymers. Solution processability and highly transmissive gray oxidized states make copolymers great candidates to be used in low cost flexible organic electronics.
Multi-Media Office Filing: The Multos Approach (1990)

Introduction (C. Thanos). The Multos Approach to Office Filing and Retrieval (C. Thanos). The Multos Document Model (F. Rabitti). The Multos Query Language (E. Bertino and F. Rabitti). The Multos System Architecture (P. Constantopoulos, P. Savino, M. Theodoridou and Y. Yeorgaroudakis). Client Subsystem (P. Constantopoulos, M. Theodoridou and Y. Yeorgaroudakis). SERVER SUBSYSTEM: The Multos Server Controller (S. Gwiessner and L. Schmidt). The Multos Document Type Handler (H.v. Kleist-Retzow and H. Eirund). The Multos Storage Subsystem (P. Conti, D. Gartner, M. Losi, G.L. Pancaccini and P. Savino). Text Retrieval Techniques in Multos (P. Savino). The Use of Optical Storage in Multos (M. Losi and P. Savino). Query Processing in Multos (E. Bertino and F. Rabitti). IMAGE RETRIEVAL IN MULTOS: Image Retrieval by Semantic Content (P. Conti and F. Rabitti). Multimedia Document Retrieval by Pictorial Content (P. Constantopoulos, Y. Drakopoulos and Y. Yeorgaroudakis). The Multos Document Classification System (E. Lutz). Application Scenario and Pilot Application (J.F. Garcia de Miguel, S. Munoz, J.M. Vazquez and J. Cabrera). Index.
New books - Introduction to organic and biological chemstry (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew books - Introduction to organic and biological chemstryStuart J. BaumCite this: Anal. Chem. 1970, 42, 14, 80A–81APublication Date (Print):December 1, 1970Publication History Published online21 September 2008Published inissue 1 December 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50160a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50160a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Physical Register Inlining (2004)

Physical register access time increases the delaybetween scheduling and execution in modern out-of-orderprocessors. As the number of physical registers increases,this delay grows, forcing designers to employ register fileswith multicycle access. This paper advocates more efficientutilization of a fewer number of physical registers in orderto reduce the access time of the physical register file. Registervalues with few significant bits are stored in the renamemap using physical register inlining, a scheme analogous toinlining of operand fields in data structures. Specifically,whenever a register value can be expressed with fewer bitsthan the register map would need to specify a physical registernumber, the value is stored directly in the map, avoidingthe indirection, and saving space in the physical register file.Not surprisingly, we find that a significant portion of all registeroperands can be stored in the map in this fashion, anddescribe straightforward microarchitectural extensions thatcorrectly implement physical register inlining. We find thatphysical register inlining performs well, particularly in processorsthat are register-constrained.
A Mah-jong Handbook: How to Play, Score and Win the Modern Game (1964)

Presents the complete official Mah Jong game to the beginner in such a way that an hour's reading will enable him to play it without difficulty. Will refresh the memory and improve the skill of players in America already familiar with one form or another of the game. Provides non-Oriental players a reference for their convenience in playing any of the varieties popular in the Orient. Part One is devoted to the official game. The beginner will find it necessary to read only the first three chapters in order to be able to start playing. Part Two covers all the alternatives, variations and additions to the official game likely to be of interest to American players. Part Three presents with utmost clarity fundamentals of strategy useful to all players.
Quantum thermodynamics and information theory (1988)

On the basis of the maximum-entropy principle, the usual definition of temperature is extended to quantal systems. Entropy, specific heats, and state equations are evaluated for bounded (i.e., spinorial systems) and unbounded operators (i.e., electromagnetic field systems).
<i>M/M/c</i> Queue with Two Priority Classes (2015)

This paper provides the first exact analysis of a preemptive M/M/c queue with two priority classes having different service rates. To perform our analysis, we introduce a new technique to reduce the two-dimensionally infinite Markov chain (MC), representing the two class state space, into a one-dimensionally infinite MC, from which the generating function (GF) of the number of low-priority jobs can be derived in closed form. (The high-priority jobs form a simple M/M/c system and are thus easy to solve.) We demonstrate our methodology for the c = 1, 2 cases; when c > 2, the closed-form expression of the GF becomes cumbersome. We thus develop an exact algorithm to calculate the moments of the number of low-priority jobs for any c ≥ 2. Numerical examples demonstrate the accuracy of our algorithm and generate insights on (i) the relative effect of improving the service rate of either priority class on the mean sojourn time of low-priority jobs; (ii) the performance of a system having many slow servers compared with one having fewer fast servers; and (iii) the validity of the square root staffing rule in maintaining a fixed service level for the low-priority class. Finally, we demonstrate the potential of our methodology to solve other problems using the M/M/c queue with two priority classes, where the high-priority class is completely impatient.
Toxicity of spinosad to susceptible and resistant strains of house flies,<i>Musca domestica</i> (1998)

The toxicity of spinosad, a new insecticide derived from the bacterium Saccharopolyspora spinosa, was evaluated against susceptible and resistant strains of house fly (Musca domestica L.). Spinosad was highly toxic to house flies based on 72-h LD50 values and the symptoms of poisoning were consistent with a neurotoxic mechanism of action. Spinosad was relatively slow acting, with the maximum toxicity noted at 72 h. Piperonyl butoxide and S,S,S,-tribu-tylphosphorotrithioate synergized the toxicity of spinosad by 3·0- and 1·8-fold, respectively, while diethyl maleate had no significant effect. These results suggest that there is a small degree of monooxygenase-mediated spinosad detoxification in house flies, while hydrolases may be only minimally important and glutathione transferases may have no role. There were no substantial levels of cross-resistance detected, except in the LPR strain where a low 4·3-fold cross-resistance was observed. The cyclodiene-resistant OCR strain was 2·7-fold more sensitive to spinosad than the susceptible strain (CS). These results suggest that cross-resistance may not be a limiting factor for the use of spinosad against house flies. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry
Garnet Scintillators of Superior Timing Characteristics: Material, Engineering by Liquid Phase Epitaxy (2017)

Using liquid phase epitaxy, the Mg co‐doped multicomponent garnet film scintillators of composition (Ce 0.01 Lu 0.27 Gd 0.74 ) 3– x Mg x (Ga 2.48 Al 2.46 )O 12 , x = 0–0.002 (0–700 at. ppm) are prepared. Following luminescence and scintillation characteristics and their dependence on Mg concentration are studied: photoluminescence emission and excitation spectra, radioluminescence spectra, photoluminescence and scintillation decay curves, light yield, energy resolution, and afterglow. At lower Mg concentration, the timing characteristics are slightly improved, while light yield and energy resolution are not negatively influenced. At higher Mg concentration, scintillation decay is significantly accelerated, although light yield is somewhat reduced. Afterglow values become extraordinarily low for a garnet scintillator, at least two times better than the best values published so far, which paves the way for their application in fast frame imaging applications. A mechanism of the improvement is shortly discussed.
Maggot Therapy: Many Hands Make Light Work (2003)

We report the case of a diabetic patient with severe ischaemic infected ulcer of the right foot, successfully treated with maggot therapy.
Suppression of mitochondrial respiration through recruitment of p160 myb binding protein to PGC-1α: modulation by p38 MAPK (2004)

The transcriptional coactivator PPAR gamma coactivator 1 α (PGC-1α) is a key regulator of metabolic processes such as mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in muscle and gluconeogenesis in liver. Reduced levels of PGC-1α in humans have been associated with type II diabetes. PGC-1α contains a negative regulatory domain that attenuates its transcriptional activity. This negative regulation is removed by phosphorylation of PGC-1α by p38 MAPK, an important kinase downstream of cytokine signaling in muscle and β-adrenergic signaling in brown fat. We describe here the identification of p160 myb binding protein (p160 MBP ) as a repressor of PGC-1α. The binding and repression of PGC-1α by p160 MBP is disrupted by p38 MAPK phosphorylation of PGC-1α. Adenoviral expression of p160 MBP in myoblasts strongly reduces PGC-1α's ability to stimulate mitochondrial respiration and the expression of the genes of the electron transport system. This repression does not require removal of PGC-1α from chromatin, suggesting that p160 MBP is or recruits a direct transcriptional suppressor. Overall, these data indicate that p160 MBP is a powerful negative regulator of PGC-1α function and provide a molecular mechanism for the activation of PGC-1α by p38 MAPK. The discovery of p160 MBP as a PGC-1α regulator has important implications for the understanding of energy balance and diabetes.
Phase Shift Element for Blu-ray Disc / DVD compatibility (2003)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text K. Koike, M. Ogasawara, I. Kikuchi, T. Matsuda, T. Ezuka, and S. Ohtaki, "Phase Shift Element for Blu-ray Disc / DVD compatibility," in Optical Data Storage, OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 2003), paper WA6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Wavefront-Guided Scleral Lens Prosthetic Device for Keratoconus (2013)

The customized SLPD with wavefront-guided optics corrected the HOA of advanced KC patients to normal levels and improved their vision significantly.
Zur Stereochemie der Carbonsäuredianion‐Aldehyd‐Addition unter kinetisch und thermodynamisch kontrollierten Bedingungen — Reindarstellung und Konfigurationszuordnung von 2,3‐disubstituierten <i>threo</i>‐ und <i>erythro</i>‐3‐Hydroxycarbonsäuren (1980)

Abstract Unter kinetisch kontrollierten Bedingungen ( ‐ 50°C, 10 min) vereinigten sich die Carbonsäuredianionen 2 mit Aldehyden 3 zu den threo/erythro ‐Addukten 4/5 (Schema 1), wobei der threo ‐Anteil mit der Raumerfüllung der Substituenten an 2 oder 3 stark ansteigt und mit dem Ladung/Radius‐Verhältnis der zu 2 gehörigen Gegenionen ebenso deutlich abfällt. Daraus wird auf einen syn ‐Übergangszustand mit cycloadditionsähnlicher HOMO‐LUMO‐Wechselwirkung zwischen 2 und 3 geschlossen (Schema 3). Unter thermodynamischer Kontrolle (22 ‐ 50°C, 1 — 3 Tage) erhöht sich bei geeigneter Substitution die threo ‐Selektivität gegenüber der kinetischen Kontrolle beträchtlich. Es wird die Reindarstellung der aus 4 und 5 durch saure Hydrolyse entstehenden Hydroxysäuren 6 und 7 beschrieben, deren Konfiguration auf Grund von 1 H‐NMR‐Daten zweifelsfrei zugeordnet werden kann.
Association of Chlamydia pneumoniae (strain TWAR) infection with wheezing, asthmatic bronchitis, and adult-onset asthma (1991)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To study the clinical characteristics of respiratory tract illness caused by<i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i>. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective clinical, bacteriologic, and serologic study. Secondarily, a matched comparison of patients with and without evidence of<i>C pneumoniae</i>infection (serologic titers ≥1:64 and <1:16, respectively). <h3>Setting.</h3> —Four primary care (family practice) clinics in Madison, Wis, and nearby towns. <h3>Patients.</h3> —The study included 365 white males and females (mean age, 34.2 years). <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Association of acute<i>C pneumoniae</i>infection with signs and symptoms of respiratory illness and the relationship of<i>C pneumoniae</i>antibody titer with wheezing at the time of enrollment in the study, and with the diagnosis of asthmatic bronchitis. <h3>Results.</h3> —Nine (47%) of 19 patients with acute<i>C pneumoniae</i>infection had bronchospasm during respiratory illness, and there was a strong quantitative association of<i>C pneumoniae</i>titer with wheezing at the time of enrollment in the study (<i>P</i>=.01). In the matched study,<i>C pneumoniae</i>antibody was significantly associated with asthmatic bronchitis after, but not before, respiratory illness (odds ratio, 7.2; 95% confidence interval, 2.2 to 23.4). Four infected patients had newly diagnosed asthma after illness, and four others had exacerbation of previously diagnosed asthma. There was no serologic evidence of coexisting<i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis</i>, or respiratory viral infection in 96% of patients with asthmatic bronchitis and asthma. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Some<i>Cpneumoniae</i>antibody titers, although not diagnostic of chlamydial infection by present criteria, probably represent acute reinfection or ongoing chronic infection. Repeated or prolonged exposure to<i>C pneumoniae</i>may have a causal association with wheezing, asthmatic bronchitis, and asthma. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:225-230)
The effect of colony stimulating factor on the synthesis of ribonucleic acid by mouse bone marrow cells in vitro (1977)

The effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the synthesis of RNA in liquid cultures of mouse bone marrow, spleen, thymus, peritoneal, peripheral blood leukocytes and lymph node cells was investigated. GM-CSF appeared to stimulate RNA-synthesis in syngeneic bone marrow cells within ten minutes of adding it to the culture. In the presence of GM-CSF bone marrow cultures maintained their initial rate of RNA synthesis for approximately ten hours. GM-CSF had no apparent effect on the uptake of 3H-uridine into bone marrow cells. This stimulation was still observed in the presence of puromycin and cycloheximide, but was abrogated by actinomycin D. The magnitude of the stimulation was not affected by the density of cells between 1 and 20 x 10(6) cells/ml but was slightly smaller at 0.1 and 40 x 10(6) cells/ml. Increasing concentration of GM-CSF (up to 2 X 105 units per ml) led to increased stimulation of RNA synthesis in bone marrow cells, but a significant stimulation could be detected at concentrations as low as 800 units/ml. GM-CSF did not significantly stimulate RNA synthesis in spleen, thymus, mesenteric or subcutaneous lymph node cells. However a small stimulation was observed in peripheral blood leukocytes and peritoneal cells. Autoradiographic studies showed that GM-CSF stimulated RNA synthesis in blast cells, myelocytes, metamyelocytes and polymorphs. Nucleated erythroid cells showed no increased labeling with GM-CFS. Labeling in lymphoid-like cells was highly variable but the level of labeling did not appear to be influenced by GM-CSF.
The Tabernacle: A Lesson in the Particularity of the Purposes of God (2013)

As a child, I was fascinated by the tabernacle. Perhaps it was because I grew up camping andbackpacking, but the story of God’s own tent at the center of the Israelite encampment, along with thelittle flannelgraph tabernacle and priests, captured my imagination—the scale models simply sealed the deal! After the flannelgraph was put away, however, the tabernacle not only disappeared from sight, but was rarely (if ever) mentioned in classes or sermons. This corporate neglect implicitly teaches that the tabernacle was a marginal movement in the symphony of the Old Testament witness. This widely held Christian assumption has been shared by a broad swath of historical-critical scholarship. Thus, both in the church and the academy, those who study Exodus often treat the sections on the tabernacle (instructions [25.1—31.11], construction [35.4—40.33] and descent of the glory of the Lord [40.34–38]) as subsidiary to the deliverance from servitude in Egypt, the giving of the law at Sinai or both. The tabernacle sections—lengthy though they may be—are anticlimatic. In what follows I propose that the tabernacle actually marks the climax of Exodus and God’s recapitulation of creation and address several of the implications of this for Christian theology and practice. The Tabernacle as Symbolic or Functional? The most immediately remarkable, and perhaps off-putting, feature of the tabernacle sections in Exodus is the detail. Interpreters have tended to move in one of two directions when approaching these details. One stream of interpretation has focused on the possible symbolism contained in the numbers, colors and materials.
Microprogramming instruction systolic arrays (1989)

The instruction systolic array (ISA) is a programmable parallel architecture suitable for VLSI implementation. This paper presents a generalization of the ISA, called the microprogrammed ISA, which uses simple microprogramming techniques. Microprogrammed ISAs use dynamic microcodes whose length and contents are tailor made to the current program to be executed, and this can be efficiently implemented in VLSI. Here, microprogramming has the novel advantage of extending the range of algorithms that can be implemented on a given ISA. In particular, microprogramming can extend an ISA's effective communication abilities. Also, the reduction of the program input bandwidth (and pinout) afforded by microprogramming is even more important on large-scale MIMD architectures, such as the ISA. This paper also presents a weakest precondition semantics for the (microprogrammed) ISA model, which provides a means for verifying microprogrammed ISA programs. The semantics is modeled at the micro level, and has potential in the optimization of the microcodes of ISA programs.