gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase Dependent MAP Kinase Activation via p21ras in Endothelial Cells Exposed to Cyclic Strain (1999)

Hemodynamic forces play a key role in the modulation of the morphology and function of the endothelium by activating several kinases. We have previously shown that cyclic strain, a repetitive mechanical stretch, induces activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), members of the mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase family. In order to investigate the upstream pathway of strain-induced ERK1/2 activation, we examined p21ras activation by cyclic strain and the effect of wortmannin and LY294002, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI 3-kinase) inhibitors on ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Cyclic strain induced a transient and rapid activation of p21ras at 1 min after strain. Wortmannin inhibited strain-induced ERK1/2 activation by 56.3 and 86.3 %, respectively. LY294002 inhibited ERK1 activation completely and ERK2 activation by 42.9%. These results suggest a possible involvement of p21ras and PI 3-kinase in the signal transduction pathway leading to the strain-induced ERK1/2 activation.
Clinical experiences and case review of angiotensin II receptor blocker‐related angioedema in Korea (2018)

Although angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-related angioedema is well known, angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)-related angioedema has not been extensively studied because of its lower incidence. Therefore, ARB-related angioedema is likely to be overlooked in the clinical setting. We analysed the medical records of adults who had been prescribed ARB and diagnosed with angioedema between 2009 and 2015. All adults over the age of 18 years who were initially administered ARB between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2015 were selected as participants in this study. To confirm whether the angioedema was actually due to the administration of ARB, we conducted a chart review. A total of 35 584 patients were prescribed ARB for the first time when visiting the Seoul St. Mary's Hospital during the study period. Twenty-four patients diagnosed with angioedema for other reasons prior to their first prescription of ARB were excluded from this study. ARB-related angioedema was suspected in six of 35 560 patients (0.02%) who were initially prescribed ARB during the study period. The manifestation of ARB-related angioedema ranged from several days (1/6 case) to several years (3/6 cases). Some patients continued taking ARB with intermittent antihistamine or steroid therapy. In such cases, angioedema symptoms improved but did not completely resolve. Its diagnosis can be delayed and the symptoms may be recurrent as symptoms improve with antihistamine use. In some cases, the same person had different reactions depending on the type of ARB. Definitively diagnosing ARB-related angioedema is difficult, and physicians often overlook angioedema without suspecting that it is an adverse effect of ARB. Close attention of physicians and improved patient education can reduce the incidence of ARB-related angioedema.
Sandwich construction solar structural facets (1998)

Silver/glass mirrors have excellent optical properties but need a method of support in order to be used in concentrating solar thermal systems. In collaboration with the Cummins dish/Stirling development program, they started investigating sandwich construction as a way to integrate silver/glass mirrors into solar optical elements. In sandwich construction, membranes such as sheet metal or plastic are bonded to the front and back of a core (like a sandwich). For solar optical elements, a glass mirror is bonded to one of the membranes. This type of construction has the advantages of a high strength-to-weight ratio, and reasonable material and manufacturing cost. The inherent stiffness of sandwich construction mirror panels also facilitates large panels. This can have cost advantages for both the amount of hardware required as well as reduced installation and alignment costs. In addition, by incorporating the panels into the support structure reductions in the amount of structural support required are potentially possible.
Efficient extraction of networks from three‐dimensional porous media (2007)

Fluid flow through porous media, and the thermal, electrical, and acoustic properties of these materials, is largely controlled by the geometry and topology (GT) of the pore system, which can be considered as a network. Network extraction techniques have been applied in many research fields, including shape representation, pattern recognition, and artificial intelligence. However, the set of algorithms presented here significantly improves the efficiency of common thinning algorithms by introducing a sufficiency condition based on the idea of a simple set. This paper describes an efficient and accurate algorithm for extracting the geometrical/topological network that represents the pore structure of a porous medium, referred to as the GT network. The accurate medial axis and the specific GT description of the network are achieved by applying symmetrical and interval strategies during the erosion step in the image processing. The GT network extraction algorithm presented here involves a number of steps, including (1) calculation of the three‐dimensional Euclidean distance map; (2) clustering of voxels; (3) extraction of the network of the pore space; (4) partitioning of the pore space; and (5) computation of shape factors. The focus of this paper is mainly on the thinning method that underpins points 1–3. The paper is primarily a method description, but we illustrate the functionality of the technique by extracting a pore scale GT network from micro–computer tomography images of three sandstones.
Preparation of MgO powder by evaporative decomposition of solutions (1984)

On etudie l'influence du sel de magnesium sur les caracteristiques des poudres de MgO synthetisees par la decomposition evaporative de solutions. L'analyse thermique a ete utilisee pour l'etude du mode de decomposition de Mg(C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 •4H 2 O, MgCl 2 •6H 2 O, Mg(NO 3 ) 2 •6H 2 O et MgSO 4
Packet arrival time in 1588 for 40GE/100GE (2012)

1588 timestamping assumes a well-defined instant at which the beginning of a packet crosses the reference plane between the precision time protocol (PTP) node and the network. However, this definition is not clear in the case of a multi-lane serial bus such as 40GE/100GE. Furthermore, there is an implied time-ordering between the lanes of a serial bus that is not captured in the existing definition. This paper explores issues with multi-lane serial buses as it relates to time-stamping and proposes revised definitions for packet arrival time in the case of a serial bus.
Performance of Cement Systems with Nano-SiO<sub>2</sub> Particles Produced by Using the Sol–Gel Method (2010)

The effect of 5- to 70-nm SiO 2 nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of nanocement materials was examined. The strength development of portland cement with nano-SiO 2 and superplasticizing admixture was investigated. Experimental results demonstrate an increase in the compressive and flexural strengths of mortars with SiO 2 nanoparticles. Because the distribution of nano-SiO 2 particles within the cement paste plays an essential role and governs the overall performance of these products, the addition of a superplasticizer was proposed to facilitate the distribution of nano-SiO 2 particles. The application of superplasticizer and high-speed dispergation were found to be effective disagglomeration techniques to improve the strength of superplasticized portland cement mortars, which reached up to 63.9 and 95.9 MPa (Sample 4B3, synthesized by using the sol–gel method in a base reaction medium at ethanol-to-tetraethoxysilane and water-to-tetraethoxysilane molar ratios of 24) at the ages of 1 day and 28 days, respectively. At corresponding ages, the compressive strength of reference portland cement mortars was 53.3 and 86.1 MPa. It is concluded that the effective dispersion of nanoparticles is essential to obtain composite materials with improved performance.
Preparation of Carboxylic Esters and Phosphoric Esters by the Activation of Alcohols (1971)

Abstract The reaction of dibenzyl hydrogen phosphate with alcohols in the presence of diethyl azodicarboxylate and triphenylphosphine, followed by catalytic hydrogenation, resulted in the formation of the corresponding alkyl dihydrogen phosphates. When p-tolyl dihydrogen phosphate and ethanol were allowed to react with diethyl azodicarboxylate and triphenylphosphine, ethyl p-tolyl hydrogen phosphate and diethyl p-tolyl phosphate were obtained. On the other hand, dipyridinium p-tolyl phosphate gave ethyl p-tolyl hydrogen phosphate and di p-tolyl pyrophosphate. The reaction of alkyl N,N′-tetraethylphosphorodiamidites with carboxylic acids in the presence of diethyl azodicarboxylate resulted in the formation of corresponding carboxylic esters. When these reactions (benzoylation) were carried out with the use of optically active 2-octanol, 2-octyl benzoate was obtained with inverted configuration.
Cost-Effective Transceiver Based on an RSOA and a VCSEL for Flexible uDWDM Networks (2016)

A cost-effective transceiver for a 1-Gb/s full-duplex ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing optical link is proposed for flexible metro-access and 5G networks. The transceiver is based on a vertical cavity surface emitting laser, which is used as the local oscillator for a heterodyne receiver and also feeds a phase-modulated reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) transmitter. The modulation format used in the RSOA is a nonreturn-to-zero differential binary phase shift keying (DPSK) for the uplink, while the downlink is based on a Nyquist DPSK format. The central frequencies of the links are 2 GHz separated, and both links can be placed inside a 6.25-GHz frequency slot. The sensitivity of this transceiver is -43.5 dBm over a 50-km fiber.
Rhodium Carbonyl Catalyzed Hydroformylation and Isomerization of Olefin (1969)

ロジウム触媒によるオレフィンのオキソおよび異性化反応の反応速度について定量的な検討が行なわれ, オレフィンおよび触媒の濃度, 水素および一酸化炭素分圧, 温度などの因子に対する相関性が求められた。ロジウム触媒によるオキソ反応の速度はコバルト触媒のそれと異なりオレフィンの濃度に無関係であり, 実験の結果はつぎのような速度式で表わすことができた。V=K[Rh]PH2/1+KPCO一方加圧一酸化炭素存在下, ロジウム触媒によるオシフィンの異性化反応の速度もオレフィンの濃度に無関係であり, また一酸化炭素の分圧の増大とともに低下することがわかった。以上の結果にもとづいて反応の機構が提出された。
The Province and Function of Law, Science and Medicine: Leeways of Choice and Patterns of Discourse (1988)

On November 20 1973 Julius Stone presented the tenth annual Mooers Lecture, entitled, "Knowledge, Survival, and The Duties of Science", at American University in Washington, D.C.' The central question and theses which he propounded then, could and indeed, should be raised anew today - for they form the very core of the province and function of law, science and medicine in our brave new world of today and tomorrow and they point also to the leeways of choice and patterns of discourse that exist in grappling with this central issue and possibly forging a consensus opinion for a subsequent course of action. This, then, is the task of this article; namely, to test, to probe anew and thereby critically analyse the modern significance of Julius Stone's theses regarding the social responsibility of scientific inquiry.
IMPLICIT INDICATORS FOR INTERESTING WEB PAGES (2005)

A user’s interest in a web page can be estimated by unobtrusively (implicitly) observing his or her behaviour rather than asking for feedback directly (explicitly). Implicit methods are naturally less accurate than explicit methods, but they do not waste a user’s time or effort. Implicit indicators of a user’s interests can also be used to create models that change with a user’s interests over time. Research has shown that a user’s behaviour is related to his/her interest in a web page. We evaluate previously studied implicit indicators and examine the time spent on a page in more detail. For example, we observe whether a user is really looking at the monitor when we measure the time spent on a web page. Our results indicate that the duration is related to a user’s interest of a web page regardless a user’s attention to the web page.
Comparison of press-pack IGBT at hard switching and clamp operation for medium voltage converters (2011)

The newly developed press-pack IGBT devices compete with IGCTs in high power industrial applications. These new semiconductors were already studied in detail for hard switching [1] and for clamp operation [2]. Nevertheless, a comparison of the basic switching characteristics of the IGBT press-pack devices for hard switching and clamp operation has not been done so far. This paper compares the switching behavior, the switching losses and the safe operating area trajectories of the new 85 mm, 4.5 kV, 1.2 kA press-pack SPT+ IGBT for hard switching and clamp operation. The methods used for the experimental characterization and comparison are explained in detail.
Treatment Selection in Depression (2018)

Mental health researchers and clinicians have long sought answers to the question "What works for whom?" The goal of precision medicine is to provide evidence-based answers to this question. Treatment selection in depression aims to help each individual receive the treatment, among the available options, that is most likely to lead to a positive outcome for them. Although patient variables that are predictive of response to treatment have been identified, this knowledge has not yet translated into real-world treatment recommendations. The Personalized Advantage Index (PAI) and related approaches combine information obtained prior to the initiation of treatment into multivariable prediction models that can generate individualized predictions to help clinicians and patients select the right treatment. With increasing availability of advanced statistical modeling approaches, as well as novel predictive variables and big data, treatment selection models promise to contribute to improved outcomes in depression.
Automatic model construction for object recognition using ISAR images (1996)

This paper discusses model construction for object recognition using ISAR images. A learning-from-examples approach is used to construct recognition models of the objects from their ISAR data. Given a set of ISAR data of an object of interest, structural features are extracted from the images. Statistical analysis and geometrical reasoning are then used to analyze the features to find spatial and statistical invariance so that a structural model of the object suitable for object recognition can be constructed. Results of experiments using the automatically constructed model in object recognition are presented.
Micronucleus scoring in liver fine needle aspiration cytology (2012)

The MN score is an effective HCC biomarker and has a good potential use as an ancillary tool for diagnosing HCC using FNA cytology.
SOFC with Internal Reforming of Methane and Effect of Gas Species on Power Generation (1999)

Power generation characteristics of SOFC with internal steam reforming of methane was investigated. Supply of pre-reforming gas to the anode always gave rise to lower generation characteristics than that of post-reforming gas. Although H2-H2O and CO-CO2 fuel systems led to almost the same open circuit voltage at the same reductant / oxidant ratio, the output voltage during power generation was always higher for the H2-H2O at every current density. Response of partial pressure of fuels (H2 or CO) in Ni-YSZ porous electrode was measured by using fuel electrode supported SOFC and oxygen sensor. The diffusion rates of the fuels influenced the concentration of the fuel in the pores of the Ni-YSZ anode. This indicates that the concentration overvoltage controlled by the diffusion process of fuel gases in the electrode pores significantly affects the overall electrode reaction at the triple phase boundary. Response to partial pressure change was faster for the H2-H2O fuel than for the CO-CO2 fuel.
Growth and characterization of GaAsSb metamorphic samples on an InP substrate (2006)

Buffer layers of GaAs1−xSbx were grown on an InP substrate starting at x=0.49 (lattice matched to InP) and increasing x in steps of 0.03–1.0 (GaSb), followed by a 0.5μm thick GaSb metamorphic layer. A 10nm thick InAs quantum well was grown on top and capped with a 100nm GaSb. All layers were grown using gas source molecular beam epitaxy by reducing the As flux in small steps while keeping the Sb flux fixed. The substrate temperature during growth was ∼490°C. High-Resolution x-ray diffraction analysis showed that the metamorphic layer was almost fully relaxed. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy images show that a postgrowth anneal at 600°C for 30s successfully reduces the number of dislocations threading through the metamorphic layer. Hence the top layer can be used satisfactorily as a pseudosubstrate for subsequent layer growths assuming a GaSb lattice constant.
Laser plasma formation assisted by ultraviolet pre-ionization (2014)

We present experimental and modeling studies of air pre-ionization using ultraviolet (UV) laser pulses and its effect on laser breakdown of an overlapped near-infrared (NIR) pulse. Experimental studies are conducted with a 266 nm beam (fourth harmonic of Nd:YAG) for UV pre-ionization and an overlapped 1064 nm NIR beam (fundamental of Nd:YAG), both having pulse duration of ∼10 ns. Results show that the UV beam produces a pre-ionized volume which assists in breakdown of the NIR beam, leading to reduction in NIR breakdown threshold by factor of &gt;2. Numerical modeling is performed to examine the ionization and breakdown of both beams. The modeled breakdown threshold of the NIR, including assist by pre-ionization, is in reasonable agreement with the experimental results.
Synthesis of Two Conformationally Constrained Analogues of the Minor Tobacco Alkaloid Anabasine (2000)

The anabasine analogues spiro[4-azaindan-1,2'-piperidine] (7) and spiro[6-azaindan-1,2'-piperidine] (8) have been prepared. A series of palladium-catalyzed reactions, where an intramolecular cyclization constituted a key reaction, were utilized for the preparation of the two target compounds.
Angiogenin-induced tRNA-derived Stress-induced RNAs Promote Stress-induced Stress Granule Assembly (2010)

Angiogenin (ANG) is a secreted ribonuclease that cleaves tRNA to initiate a stress-response program in mammalian cells. Here we show that ANG inhibits protein synthesis and promotes arsenite- and pateamine A-induced assembly of stress granules (SGs). These effects are abrogated in cells transfected with the ANG inhibitor RNH1. Transfection of natural or synthetic 5'- but not 3'-tRNA fragments (tRNA-derived stress-induced RNAs; tiRNAs) induces the phospho-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha-independent assembly of SGs. Natural 5'-tiRNAs but not 3'-tiRNAs are capped with a 5'-monophosphate that is required for optimal SG assembly. These findings reveal that SG assembly is a component of the ANG- and tiRNA-induced stress response program.
MicroRNAs miR-146-5p and let-7f as prognostic tools for aggressive papillary thyroid carcinoma: a case report (2012)

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most incident histotype of thyroid cancer. A certain fraction of PTC cases (5%) are irresponsive to conventional treatment, and refractory to radioiodine therapy. The current prognostic factors for aggressiveness are mainly based on tumor size, the presence of lymph node metastasis, extrathyroidal invasion and, more recently, the presence of the BRAFT1799A mutation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been described as promising molecular markers for cancer as their deregulation is observed in a wide range of tumors. Recent studies indicate that the over-expression of miR-146b-5p is associated with aggressiveness and BRAFT1799A mutation. Furthermore, down-regulation of let-7f is observed in several types of tumors, including PTC. In this study, we evaluated the miR146b-5p and let-7f status in a young male patient with aggressive, BRAFT1799A-positive papillary thyroid carcinoma, with extensive lymph node metastases and short-time recurrence. The analysis of miR-146b-5p and let-7f expression revealed a distinct pattern from a cohort of PTC patients, suggesting caution in evaluating miRNA expression data as molecular markers of PTC diagnosis and prognosis.
Role of Structural Similarity Between Starting Zeolite and Product Zeolite in the Interzeolite Conversion Process (2013)

GIS- and LTL- (the three capital characters indicate the framework type-code) type zeolites were obtained by organic structure-directing agent free hydrothermal conversion of FAU-type zeolite at 125 degrees C in the presence of NaOH and KOH, respectively. MOR-type zeolite was found coexisting with GIS-type when the hydrothermal conversion with NaOH was carried out at 140 degrees C. There was a common building unit consisting of four-membered ring chain such as d6r, dsc, and dcc (the three characters indicate the composite building unit-code) units present in both the starting zeolite (FAU-type zeolite) and the product zeolites (GIS- and LTL-type zeolites), which was the crucial factor for crystal growth through interzeolite conversion. In the case of severe hydrothermal synthesis conditions such as high temperature, however, the crystallization behavior was similar to that observed in conventional hydrothermal synthesis using amorphous materials because the starting zeolite was excessively decomposed. The hypothesis was confirmed by successful interzeolite conversion of *BEA- to MFI-type zeolite which shared the common composite building unit mor.
Characterization of the β-lactamase promoter of pBR322 (1981)

The beta-lactamase promoter of pBR322, derived from Tn3, has been characterized using several techniques. The transcription initiation site is located 35 base pairs from the translation initiation codon of beta-lactamase. The mRNA produced in vitro has a 5' pppGpA terminus. RNA polymerase bound at this start site protects a region from about -50 to +20 from DNase I cleavage using the footprinting technique. RNA polymerase binds rapidly to the beta-lactamase promoter. The half-time of association is less than one-half minute. The half-time of dissociation is approximately 6 hr. A study of the binding of RNA polymerase at different temperatures showed a large change between 11 degrees and 15 degrees C. Comparison of these parameters with those reported for other promoters is discussed.
Equity Security Analysis in the U.S. (1994)

(1994). Equity Security Analysis in the U.S. Financial Analysts Journal: Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 6-9.
<b>A Cyclic Saturated Pentaalkoxyphosphorane. Diketols <b><i>Via</i></b> Oxyphosphoranes</b> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Cyclic Saturated Pentaalkoxyphosphorane. Diketols Via OxyphosphoranesFausto. Ramirez, N. Ramanathan, and N. B. DesaiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 7, 1317–1318Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1962https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00866a061RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views387Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (243 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts