gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CoMET: Composite-Input Magnetoelectric- Based Logic Technology (2017)

This paper proposes composite-input magnetoelectric-based logic technology (CoMET), a fast and energy-efficient spintronics device for logic applications. An input voltage is applied to a ferroelectric (FE) material, in contact with a composite structure—a ferromagnet (FM) with in-plane magnetic anisotropy placed on top of an intragate FM interconnect with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). Through the magnetoelectric (ME) effect, the input voltage nucleates a domain wall (DW) at the input end of the PMA-FM interconnect. An applied current then rapidly propagates the DW toward the output FE structure, where the inverse-ME effect generates an output voltage. This voltage is propagated to the input of the next CoMET device using a novel circuit structure that enables efficient device cascading. The material parameters for CoMET are optimized by systematically exploring the impact of parameter choices on device performance. Simulations on a 7-nm CoMET device show fast, low-energy operation, with a delay/energy of 99 ps/68 aJ for INV and 135 ps/85 aJ for MAJ3.
Keyword extraction for contextual advertisement (2008)

As the largest online marketplace, eBay strives to promote its inventory throughout the Web via different types of online advertisement. Contextually relevant links to eBay assets on third party sites is one example of such advertisement avenues. Keyword extraction is the task at the core of any contextual advertisement system. In this paper, we explore a machine learning approach to this problem. The proposed solution uses linear and logistic regression models learnt from human labeled data, combined with document, text and eBay specific features. In addition, we propose a solution to identify the prevalent category of eBay items in order to solve the problem of keyword ambiguity.
Sensitivity, noise, and resolution in QCM sensors in liquid media (2005)

The use of quartz-crystal oscillators as high-sensitivity microbalance sensors is limited by the frequency noise present in the circuit. To characterize the behavior of the sensors, it is not enough to determine their experimental sensitivity, but, rather, it is essential to study the frequency fluctuations in order to establish the sensor resolution. This is fundamental in the case of oscillators for damping media, because the level of noise rises due to the strong decline of the quality factor of the resonator. In this paper, a comparative study of noise and resolution is presented with respect to the frequency and the quality factor. The study has been made using four oscillators designed to be used in quartz-crystal microbalance sensors in damping media. The four circuits have been designed at increasing frequencies in order to improve the sensitivity or frequency change per unit of measurand. Also, the present theoretical resolution limit or best resolution achievable with a microbalance oscillator using an AT resonator is determined, since this does not depend on frequency. However, when operating in liquid, the damping of the resonator makes the resolution diminish due to a worsening of the quality factor. The relationship between the resolution limit and the frequency and characteristics of the liquid medium is determined. The resolution worsens when the density and viscosity of the liquid is increased. However, in this case, an increase in frequency implies a small increase in resolution. Therefore, we find that when working below the maximum quality factor, for similar values, the resolution can be improved by elevating the work frequency.
The U1 snRNP complex: an autoantigen in connective tissue diseases. An update. (1997)

The U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) particle consists of an RNA backbone and eleven associated proteins. Both the RNA and some of the proteins are immunogenic in patients suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus or mixed connective tissue disease. An overview is given of the U1 snRNP particle with respect to its structure and function as well as its autoantigenicity.
Words of Inheritance in Deeds of Land in South Carolina: A Title Examiner's Guide (1953)

After stating the common law rule as to the requirement of words of inheritance in a deed to a natural person, the Restatement of the Law of Property, 1948 Supplement, 27, Special Note, thus states the status of the rule in the United States as of January 1, 1947: "The rule stated in this Section as to deeds has been wholly or partly supplanted as to deeds by a prospectively operating statutory rule in all states except Connecticut, Louisiana, Maine, New Hampshire, New Mexico, South Carolina and Vermont. . . .Normally these statutes leave all deeds executed and delivered prior to the enactment of the statute, to be construed under the nonstatutory rule stated in this Section.The rule stated in
Role of Edaravone as a Treatment Option for Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (2020)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease that leads to a loss of muscle control due to nerve cells being affected in the brain and spinal cord. Some of the common clinical presentations of ALS include weakness of muscles, changes in behavior, dysfunction in speech, and cognitive difficulties. The cause of ALS is uncertain, but through several studies, it is known that mutations in SOD1 or C9orf72 genes could play a role as a factor of ALS. In addition, studies indicate that an excessive amount of free radicals, the reactive oxygen species (ROS), leads to neuronal damage by the peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in the neuronal cells. Edaravone, the newly approved antioxidant drug for ALS, halts the progression of ALS in the early stages through its cytoprotective effect and protects the nerves by reducing ROS. In this review, different aspects of ALS will be discussed, including its pathology, genetic aspect, and diagnosis. This review also focuses on edaravone as a treatment option for ALS, its mechanism of action, and its pharmacological properties. Clinical trials and adverse effects of edaravone and care for ALS patient are also discussed.
A novel strategy for constructing N‐terminal chromosomal fusions to green fluorescent protein in the yeast <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2000)

A novel rapid polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based technique for N-terminal attachment of green fluorescent protein (GFP) to a yeast protein is described. Genomic integration of a PCR-generated loxPkanMX4loxP-yEGFP fusion cassette immediately upstream of the open reading frame (ORF) allows for selection of G418 resistant transformants carrying GFP fused N-terminally to the protein of interest. In a subsequent step, the loxPkanMX4loxP selection marker that is inserted between the tagged ORF and the endogenous promoter is excised upon site-specific recombination between the loxP sites by Cre recombinase, leaving behind in the promoter one loxP site, immediately upstream of the GFP start codon. The essential protein Ydl193wp of unknown function and the oleate-inducible fatty acid activation protein, encoded by FAA2, were N-terminally tagged using the novel technique. Both experiments yielded viable haploid strains with growth phenotypes indistinguishable from the wild type strain. The subcellular localization pattern for the chromosomally expressed GFP-Ydl193wp to the endoplasmic reticulum and lipid particles was identical to the pattern observed for a plasmid-borne GFP construct expressed under control of the MET25(p) promoter, albeit at a lower level and with a more homogeneous distribution among the cell population. GFP-FAA2 was inducible by oleate, as is the wild type gene, demonstrating that specific expression patterns are not grossly affected by the promoter manipulation. In agreement with previous reports, GFP-Faa2p was found to localize to peroxisomes.
Targeting of mesenchymal stem cells to ovarian tumors via an artificial receptor (2010)

These data demonstrate that targeting abilities of MSCs can be enhanced via introduction of artificial receptors. The application of this strategy for tumor cell-based delivery could increase a number of cell carriers in tumors and enhance efficacy of cell-based therapy.
Composites with tuned effective magnetic permeability (2007)

Pendry et al. [J. B. Pendry, A. J. Holden, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47, 2075 (1999)] and Smith et al. [D. R. Smith, W. J. Padilla, D. C. Vier, S. C. Nemat-Nasser, and S. Schultz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 4184 (2000)] have shown that the effective magnetic permeability, μ, of free space can be rendered negative over a certain frequency range by a periodic arrangement of very thin conductors with suitable magnetic resonance properties, the so-called split-ring resonators. Because of its rather bulky architecture, this structure does not lend itself to a proper integration into a reasonably thin real composite structural panel. To remedy this fundamental barrier, we invented a new magnetic resonator consisting of very thin folded plates that are suitably nested within one another to form folded-doubled resonators (FDRs) that can be integrated into an actual composite panel. Measurements, using a focused beam electromagnetic characterization system combined with time-domain numerical simulations of the reflection and transmission coefficients of such a composite slab have revealed that indeed the composite has a negative μ over a frequency range of about 9.1–9.35 GHz [S. Nemat-Nasser, S. C. Nemat-Nasser, T. A. Plaisted, A. Starr, and A. Vakil Amirkhizi, in Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired Technologies, edited by Y. Bar Cohen (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2006)]. Thus, it has become possible to construct a structural composite panel with negative index of refraction by simultaneously creating negative effective ε and μ [V. G. Veselago, Sov. Phys. Usp. 10, 509 (1968); R. A. Shelby, D. R. Smith, and S. Schultz, Science 292, 77 (2001); A. F. Starr, P. M. Rye, D. R. Smith, and S. Nemat-Nasser, Phys. Rev. B 70, 113102 (2004)].
VLSI implementation of a wormhole router using virtual channels (2002)

Presents the VLSI design of a router chip which implements wormhole routing using virtual channels. The router chip is intended for high-speed interconnection networks in parallel processors, and is capable of handling any interconnection network which is achieved by providing the routing function as a RAM-based lookup table. The architectural description of the chip is provided. The behavioral description of the chip is made by using the Verilog HDL. Finally, the chip is implemented using the standard-cell design automation package, OASIS.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
331. Development of Neisseria meningitidis CRISPR/Cas9 Systems for Efficient and Specific Genome Editing (2015)

Targeted genome modification using the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been extensively embraced by the research community as a powerful tool in biotechnology and life sciences, and it holds promise for the future of personalized medicine. The CRISPR/Cas9 system consists of an RNA guide strand (gRNA) for target site recognition and the CRISPR associated protein Cas9 for DNA cleavage. Cleavage of a site requires a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence. CRISPR induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) stimulate cellular DNA repair via non-homologous end joining or homologous recombination, which allows specific genome modification. However, previous studies have demonstrated high levels of off-target cleavage with CRISPR/Cas9 that may lead to unwanted or deleterious genomic modifications. Therefore, developing strategies to reduce nuclease off-target effects is essential for therapeutic applications of genome editing. The widely used Streptococcus pyogenes (Sp) CRISPR/Cas9 system recognizes a total of 22 bases, twenty via the gRNA and two via the PAM NGG. Here we describe further development of the Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) orthologous CRISPR/Cas9 system for efficient and specific genome editing in mammalian cells. The Nm Cas9 recognizes a longer PAM sequence than that of Sp Cas9, which has the potential to result in fewer off-target sites genome-wide. The Nm CRISPR/Cas9 systems preferentially recognize longer target sites than the Sp system, and a longer PAM as previously identified, NNNNGATT. The Nm cleavage activity level is as high as 70%, similar to that of Sp Cas9. We tested the ability of Nm Cas9 to cleave targets with other PAM sequences and found that other PAM allowed cleavage, such that the PAM preference can be represented as NNNNGHTT. Interestingly, there was a difference between the one guide strand and two guide strand systems. The single guide strand system (sgRNA) displayed greater stringency in PAM recognition than the innate system (with separate tracrRNA and crRNA). Nm gRNAs were able to tolerate 1 base mismatches and 1 base DNA and RNA bulges to some extent when tested in a single-strand annealing assay. To further investigate the specificity of Nm CRISPR/Cas9 at the genomic level we used deep sequencing of potential off-target sites after CRISPR transfection. To directly compare the specificity of both Sp and Nm CRISPR/Cas9 systems, overlapping Nm and Sp target sites were identified in seven different genes. For the three targets where there was comparable on-target activity, potential Nm and Sp off-target sites were identified and subjected to deep sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform. We found that Sp CRISPR/Cas9 displayed greater levels of genome-wide off-target activity. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the Nm CRISPR/Cas9 systems have better targeting specificity and thus provide an alternative to the widely used Sp CRISPR/Cas9.
Immobilization Mechanisms of Arsenate in Iron Hydroxide Sludge Stabilized with Cement (2003)

Leaching tests, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy, and thermodynamic modeling were performed to investigate arsenate [As(V)] immobilization mechanisms in iron hydroxide sludge stabilized with cement. The sludge from a groundwater remediation site in Tacoma, WA was mixed and immobilized with premixed cement to reach cement-to-sludge ratios of 2.5, 3.3, 5, 10, and 20 (wt premixed cement/wt dry sludge). The EXAFS analysis determined that As(V) formed bidentate mononuclear complexes on the iron hydroxide surface in the sludge. The adsorbed As(V) had a characteristic FTIR band at 830 cm(-1). Cement treatment converted the adsorbed As(V) to calcium arsenate precipitate with a FTIR peak at 860 cm(-1). The chemical forms of the As(V) were incorporated in an adsorption triple layer model (TLM) to describe the leaching behavior of As(V) in a pH range between 3 and 12. Cement treatment significantly reduced arsenic mobility because of the formation of the sparingly soluble calcium arsenate.
Efficient streaming of point-based models for interactive 3-D geometry transmission (2004)

Remote rendering and visualization for large geometrical models or complex scenes calls for efficient transmission. One effective methods for the transmission is to stream the model data based on region-of-interest (ROI) strategies and partial updating of consecutive frames. In this paper, we propose such an interactive streaming transmission scheme for point-based models. The technique of view-dependent level-of-detail (LOD) is incorporated in our scheme to provide viewers with gaze-guided control on the streaming. Its efficiency results from a multiresolution simplification scheme based on hierarchical clustering and a compact data structure for organizing the LOD hierarchy. In addition, we investigate the redundancy between consecutive frames in order to reduce both the transmission data and local storage space. Experiments with some large models show the efficient performance of our algorithm.
Promotion by Gibberellic Acid of Polyamine Biosynthesis in Internodes of Light-Grown Dwarf Peas (1982)

When gibberellic acid (GA(3); 5-35 micrograms per milliliter) is sprayed on 9-day-old light-grown dwarf Progress pea (Pisum sativum) seedlings, it causes a marked increase in the activity of arginine decarboxylase (ADC; EC 4.1.1.9) in the fourth internodes. The titer of putrescine and spermidine, polyamines produced indirectly as a result of ADC action, also rises markedly, paralleling the effect of GA(3) on internode growth. Ammonium (5-hydroxycarvacryl) trimethyl chloride piperidine carboxylate (AMO-1618; 100-200 micrograms per milliliter) causes changes in the reverse direction for enzyme activity, polyamine content, and growth. GA(3) also reverses the red-light-induced inhibition of ADC activity in etiolated Alaska pea epicotyls; this is additional evidence for gibberellin-light interaction in the control of polyamine biosynthesis. The enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC; EC 4.1.1.17), an alternate source of putrescine arising from arginine, is not increased by GA(3) or by AMO-1618.The results support the hypothesis that ADC and polyamine content are important regulators of plant growth.
Computer Simulation of Tritium Inventory and Leakage of the Fusion Experimental Reactor FEB-E (2004)

A summary of the tritium system design activities for the engineering outline design of a fusion experimental reactor [Fusion Experimental Breeder-E (FEB-E)] is presented. This paper is divided into three sections. First, the geometry, loading features, and tritium concentrations in liquid lithium of tritium breeding zones in blankets are described. Then, a tritium flowchart corresponding to the tritium fuel cycle system is constructed, and the SWITRIM code is developed for calculation of the inventories in the ten subsystems. Results show that the necessary initial tritium storage to start up the reactor with fusion power of 143 MW is ~317 g. Finally, a tritium leakage analysis under different operation circumstances is performed. It is found that the potential danger of tritium leakage could result from the exhausted gas of the divertor system. It is important to elevate the tritium burnup fraction and reduce the tritium throughput.
Synthesis of Optically Active Bis(2‐oxazolines): Crystal Structure of a 1,2‐Bis(2‐oxazolinyl)benzene ZnCl<sub>2</sub> Complex (1991)

Abstract Dinitriles ( 5 – 7, 12, 13 ) react with enantiomerically pure β‐amino alcohols ( 8 – 11,17 ) under zinc chloride catalysis to give optically active C 2 ‐symmetric bis(oxazolines). 1,2‐Bis(2‐oxazolin‐2‐yl)benzenes 1a – e are obtained under mild reaction conditions. 1 H‐NMR spectroscopy indicates the formation of 1:1 complexes 23 of these compounds with ZnCl 2 . The energy required for a conformational interconversion of zinc dichloride complex 23e was determined by variable‐temperature 1 H‐NMR studies. An X‐ray structure analysis was performed with the substituted [1,2‐bis(2‐oxazolinyl)benzene]zinc dichloride complex 23a .
Towards the development of an immuno MALDI (iMALDI) mass spectrometry assay for the diagnosis of hypertension (2010)

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an essential role in the regulation of plasma volume and arterial blood pressure. One of the most common diseases of the RAAS is the autonomous production of aldosterone by the adrenal glands, caused by either bilateral adrenal hyperplasia or an aldosterone-producing adenoma. This condition, known as primary aldosteronism, is a treatable and often curable form of hypertension. The measurement of plasma renin activity (PRA), as determined by radioimmunoassay for angiotensin I is essential to the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. However, accurate determination of PRA is often hampered by low plasma concentrations of angiotensin I. Here, we report the use of immuno-MALDI (iMALDI) as a highly sensitive and specific method for the absolute quantitation of angiotensin I in plasma. iMALDI permits concentration determination by affinity-capture of angiotensin I and a stable-isotopically labeled standard (SIS) peptide on immobilized anti-peptide antibodies. The affinity beads are placed on the MALDI target, permitting automated analysis of large numbers of patient samples. Pretreatment of the plasma is not required, and this method is suitable for the accurate determination of angiotensin I in whole plasma. The calibration curve generated using this method was linear over a 50-fold concentration range in plasma, with a correlation coefficient of 0.984. MS/MS sequence confirmation provides absolute specificity. The iMALDI angiotensin I assay, therefore, has the potential to be developed into a method for determining PRA that has advantages in time, in specificity, and in safety.
Reviews (1985)

Journal Article Reviews Get access Saul Bellow: Vision and Revision . By DANIEL FUCHS . Pp. xi + 345 . Durham, North Carolina : Duke University Press , 1984 . $35.00 DAVID SEED DAVID SEED Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 32, Issue 4, December 1985, Pages 575–576, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/32-4-575 Published: 01 December 1985
Phase II Trial of Bortezomib for Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (2004)

The results of this trial suggest that bortezomib has an antitumor effect in individual patients with metastatic RCC. The small proportion of patients who achieved a partial response does not support routine use in metastatic RCC. Efforts to identify the molecular profile associated with clinical response or combination therapy with interferon alfa or other novel agents, may be considered.
A CMOS continuous-time NTSC-to-color-difference decoder (1995)

A continuous-time NTSC-to-color-difference decoder has been fabricated in a 2-/spl mu/m CMOS process. The 9-mm/sup 2/ decoder includes the chrominance IF filter, automatic gain control, timing recovery, 90/spl deg/ phase shift, demodulators, hue and saturation controls. The 90/spl deg/ phase-shift circuit is based on peak detection and is used for tuning the chrominance IF filter and demodulation of the R-Y signal. The total power dissipation is 45 mW on /spl plusmn/2.5-V supplies. All circuits are fully differential. This allows the timing-recovery outputs to achieve a differential phase of 0.1/spl deg/ over a horizontal-line interval. For a standard NTSC 1 V/sub p-p/ color-bar input, the R-Y and B-Y outputs exhibit maximum phase and gain errors of 1.1/spl deg/ and 1.5/spl deg/, respectively.
A 16b CMOS/NMOS SOS microprocessor (1981)

This paper will report on a 12,000-gate 16b LSI processor which involves a barrel shifter and a multiplier. The chip features a 300ns cycle time with only 600mW power dissipation.
Nasopharyngeal Colonization With Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae And Recurrent Otitis Media (1994)

The relationship between nasopharyngeal colonization with nontypeable H. influenzae and recurrent otitis media was assessed in 157 children followed prospectively from birth through 12 months of age. Forty-nine (31%) became colonized. Nasopharyngeal secretory IgA (sIgA) reactive with the P6 outer membrane protein was detected in all colonized children. Reduction or elimination of the organism was associated with a better mucosal immune response (560 +/- 864 units/ng/mL of sIgA) than was persistence in the nasopharynx (121 +/- 81; P = .04). Forty colonized children (82%) and 61 noncolonized children (56%) developed otitis media (P = .004); colonized children were four times more likely to be classified as otitis prone (P = .003). The frequency of otitis media episodes was directly related to the frequency of colonization (r = .42, P < .01). These results demonstrate a strong relationship between nasopharyngeal colonization patterns and otitis media. The mucosal immune response may be important in elimination of potential pathogens from the respiratory tract.