gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein DARPP-32: phosphorylation of Ser-137 by casein kinase I inhibits dephosphorylation of Thr-34 by calcineurin. (1995)

Although protein phosphatases appear to be highly controlled in intact cells, relatively little is known about the physiological regulation of their activity. DARPP-32, a dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of apparent M(r) 32,000, is phosphorylated in vitro by casein kinase I, casein kinase II, and cAMP-dependent protein kinase on sites phosphorylated in vivo. DARPP-32 phosphorylated on Thr-34 by cAMP-dependent protein kinase is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 and an excellent substrate for calcineurin, a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase. Here we provide evidence, using both purified proteins and brain slices, that phosphorylation of DARPP-32 on Ser-137 by casein kinase I inhibits the dephosphorylation of Thr-34 by calcineurin. This inhibition occurs only when phospho-Ser-137 and phospho-Thr-34 are located on the same DARPP-32 molecule and is not dependent on the mode of activation of calcineurin. The results demonstrate that the inhibition is due to a modification in the properties of the substrate which alters its dephosphorylation rate. Thus, casein kinase I may play a physiological role in striatonigral neurons as a modulator of the regulation of protein phosphatase 1 via DARPP-32.
Synthesis of cyclobuta[b]quinoxalines (1968)

S. Skujins and G. A. Webb, Chem. Commun. (London), 1968, 598 DOI: 10.1039/C19680000598
Enhanced fault ride-through scheme and coordinated reactive power control for DFIG (2010)

A novel scheme for enhancing the fault ride-through (FRT) capability of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) is proposed in this paper. In addition, a coordinated reactive power control strategy for grid side and rotor side converters of DFIG is also proposed. This coordinated control aids rapid recovery of terminal voltage at the clearance of severe grid fault. Extensive simulation study is carried out employing PSCAD/EMTDC software and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed FRT scheme and reactive power control strategy.
Cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding a mouse brain orphanin FQ/nociceptin precursor (1996)

By using a reverse transcription-PCR approach we have cloned a peptide precursor from mouse brain which contains the sequence of orphanin FQ/nociceptin. The mouse sequence of orphanin FQ/nociceptin is identical at the amino acid level with that isolated from rat and porcine brain. Northern analysis of the mRNA encoding the precursor reveals a single band of approx. 1 kb, with the highest levels in the brain and much lower levels in kidney and spleen. Southern analysis is consistent with a single gene. The precursor peptide from mouse contains two putative peptides. Upstream from the orphanin FQ/nociceptin is a 41-amino-acid peptide which is almost identical, except for a six-amino-acid insertion, with the corresponding 35-amino-acid peptide predicted from the rat sequence. Interestingly, the mouse contains a triple AEPGAD repeat within this peptide that is not seen in the rat sequence. Downstream from the orphanin FQ/nociceptin sequence is another 17-amino-acid peptide which is identical with that found in the rat.
Quantitative PCR Detection of Pork in Raw and Heated Ground Beef and Pâté (2002)

Quantitative estimates are important to establish whether pork adulteration in ground beef and pâté is accidental or intentional. A PCR procedure has been developed and evaluated to quantify pork in heated and nonheated meat and pâtés by densitometry using a specific and sensitive repetitive DNA element. Thirty, twenty-five, and twenty PCR cycles were carried out to find the best standard curve and correlation between pork content and band intensity. Twenty cycles showed the best results, quantifying degree contamination up to 1% pork in beef (heated and nonheated) and pork in duck pâté with a minimum error. Finally, fraud was found in commercial pâtés.
The t-complex polypeptide 1 complex is a chaperonin for tubulin and actin in vivo. (1993)

A role in folding newly translated cytoskeletal proteins in the cytosol of eukaryotes has been proposed for t-complex polypeptide 1 (TCP1). In this study, we investigated tubulin and actin biogenesis in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. When extracts of pulse-labeled cells were analyzed by anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography, newly synthesized alpha-tubulin, beta-tubulin, and actin were observed to enter a large molecular mass complex (approximately 900 kDa). These proteins were released from this complex capable, in the case of tubulin, of forming heterodimers. The large molecular mass complexes coeluted with TCP1 and could be immunoprecipitated by using an anti-TCP1 antibody. These findings demonstrate that there is a cytosolic pathway for folding tubulin and actin in vivo that involves the TCP1 complex.
Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment amony 55-years old or over individuals in Hainan Island (2011)

Objective To investigate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment(MCI) among 55-years old or over individuals in Hainan Island. Methods Demography,health history,mini-mental statue examination(MMSE) ,activity of daily living scale(ADR) ,clinic dementia rating scale(CDR) were used as screening tools. Results The prevalence of MCI was 4.25% among the people who was 55 years old or over in Hainan island,in males and females were 3.88%,4.57%,without significant difference,and increased with age(P﹤0.001);in 55～64 years old and 65～74 year old groups,the prevalence of MCI in female was higher than that in male(P﹤0.05,P﹤0.01) ,but in 75～84 year old group,the prevalence of MCI in male was higher(P﹤0.05);in elder than or equal to 85 year old group,without significant difference;MCI prevalence was higher in people with lower educational level(P﹤0.001) . Conclusion People with advance aged,with low education in Hainan Island are those at high risk of developing MCI,MCI should be prevented to reduce incidence of AD.
Official Microsoft HTML Help Authoring Kit with Cdrom (1997)

From the Publisher:
If you are a developer or a Web site administrator, the Official Microsoft HTML Help Authoring Kit will make it easy for you to provide integrated Help systems that can be delivered via the World Wide Web or a corporate intranet. This book also contains essential Microsoft tools for software developers who are moving Help systems to distributed environments and those who need to maintain their Help systems in a central location. The Official Microsoft HTML Help Authoring Kit gives you a crash course in authoring with HTML Help and then provides the details you need to refine your system. If you already have experience with Help systems, such as those created with Windows Help, the book provides valuable contextual clues and parallel procedures to help you convert Windows Help files to HTML Help.
Prototype of a vision-based gaze-driven man-machine interface (2002)

This paper describes preliminary work on a non-intrusive gaze-driven interface for man-machine interaction based on vision techniques. The current computer screen location pointed at by the user is evaluated using a linear model of image-to-screen mapping, which can be easily auto-calibrated at run-time on the basis of the current relative position of camera and user and camera settings. A simple active deformable model of the eye is defined, which is used both to track user's movements and estimate the current position of the user's pupil in the image in a decoupled fashion. Experiments show that the proposed approach is fast and accurate enough for the design of low-cost man-machine interfaces, with applications ranging from the assistance to the disabled people to multimedia systems.
Synthesis of 1,3-Difunctionalized Amine Derivatives through Selective C−H Bond Oxidation (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSynthesis of 1,3-Difunctionalized Amine Derivatives through Selective C−H Bond OxidationChristine G. Espino, Paul M. Wehn, Jessica Chow, and J. Du BoisView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford, California 94305 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 28, 6935–6936Publication Date (Web):June 22, 2001Publication History Received24 April 2001Published online22 June 2001Published inissue 1 July 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja011033xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja011033xrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views12982Altmetric-Citations471LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Amines,Heterocyclic compounds,Organic compounds,Organic reactions Get e-Alerts
Transparent distributed processing for rendering (1999)

Rendering, in particular the computation of global illumination, uses computationally very demanding algorithms. As a consequence many researchers have looked into speeding up the computation by distributing it over a number of computational units. However, in almost all cases did they completely redesign the relevant algorithms in order to achieve high efficiency for the particular distributed or parallel environment.At the same time global illumination algorithms have gotten more and more sophisticated and complex. Often several basic algorithms are combined in multi-pass arrangements to achieve the desired lighting effects. As a result, it is becoming increasingly difficult to analyze and adapt the algorithms for optimal parallel execution at the lower levels. Furthermore, these bottom-up approaches destroy the basic design of an algorithm by polluting it with distribution logic and thus easily make it unmaintainable.In this paper we present a top-down approach for designing distributed applications based on their existing object-oriented decomposition. Distribution logic, in our case based on the CORBA middleware standard, is introduced transparently to the existing application logic. The design approach is demonstrated using several examples of multi-pass global illumination computation and ray-tracing. The results show that a good speedup can usually be obtained even with minimal intervention into existing applications.
Review Immunophilins: for the love of proteins (2006)

Immunophilins are chaperones that may also exhibit peptidylprolyl isomerase (PPIase) activity. This review summarizes our knowledge of the two largest fam- ilies of immunophilins, namely cyclophilin and FK506- binding protein, and a novel chimeric dual-family immu- nophilin, named FK506- and cyclosporin-binding protein (FCBP). The larger members of each family are modular in nature, consisting of multiple PPIase and/or protein- protein interaction domains. Despite the apparent differ- ence in their sequence and three-dimensional structure, the three families encode similar enzymatic and biologi- cal functions. Recent studies have revealed that many im- munophilins possess a chaperone function independent of PPIase activity. Knockout animal studies have confirmed multiple essential roles of immunophilins in physiology and development. An immunophilin is indeed a natural 'protein-philin' (Greek 'philin' = friend) that interacts with proteins to guide their proper folding and assembly.
Obesity – risk factor for microvascuar and neuropatic complication in diabetes? (2003)

The aim of the study was to investigate whether obestiy, independently or associated with other risk factors, increases the risk for the diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy in type 2 diabetic persons. Data of 156 diabetic persons that have consecutively attended the Outpatient Department during two months period were studied. According to their body mass index (BMI) they were divided into three groups: group 1 (BMI  25 ; n=49), group 2 (BMI 26-29, 9 ; n=52) and group 3 (BMI  30 ; n=55). The three groups did not differ in age, duration of diabetes, treatment, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. With increase in BMI, we observed a significant deterioration of HbA1c and a significant increase in LDL-cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The prevalence of retinopathy increased significantly with higher body weight (p<0, 05), but also with correlation to quality of metabolic control (HbA1c) and systolic blood pressure. The increase of the prevalence of nephropathy and polyneuropathy was significantly and independantly related to the body weight (p<0, 01). Therefore, obesity is, independantly or in correlation to quality of metabolic control (HbA1c), systolic and diastolic blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol, risk factors for microvascular and neuropathic complications in diabetes.
Tanh cascode cell amplifier – an arbitrary transfer characteristics amplifier (2010)

An arbitrary transfer characteristic (TC) amplifier, called the tanh cascode cell (TCC) amplifier, is reported. This novel amplifier is capable of synthesising an arbitrary TC including the ideal rectifier transfer characteristic, which is highly desirable for analogue circuits such as power amplifiers, low-noise amplifiers, mixers, op-amps, instrumentation amplifiers etc. The flexible transfer characteristic, wide dynamic range and high linearity capability of the TCC amplifier are demonstrated with a 16-cell MOSFET prototype.
Towards the design of a film-based graphical password scheme (2013)

Password-based authentication schemes and their graphical evolutions have been deeply analyzed in the last couple of decades. Typically such schemes are not resilient to shoulder surfing attacks, that is, if the adversary can observe (and “understand”) a number of authentication sessions, he can identify the secret password. In this paper we propose a new paradigm for user authentication. FilmPW is a graphical authentication system where the system challenges the user by showing her a short film containing a number of pre-defined pass-events and the user has reply by proving she recognized such events. We present FilmPW, discuss some issues related to event classification and present a prototye implementation. Our preliminary experiments show that such an authentication mechanism is highly accepted by users and achieves low error rates.
Application of advanced macro defect inspection technology for MEMS processes (2004)

We describe the application of the August NSX-105 macro defect inspection tool in finding a defect that caused yield loss in the sensor portion of ADI's surface micromachining process for accelerometers. The source of the defect actually causes defects in both the circuit and sensor areas of the die, but due to the different processing that each location sees, the appearances were very different. Our work to improve yield in the sensor portion of the process thus improved the circuit portion of the process as well.
Hole blocking in carbon nanotube–polymer composite organic light-emitting diodes based on poly (<i>m</i>-phenylene vinylene-co-2, 5-dioctoxy-<i>p</i>-phenylene vinylene) (2000)

In order to investigate the role of carbon nanotubes in a polymer matrix, organic light-emitting diodes were fabricated from a polymer composite composed of poly (m-phenylene vinylene-co-2,5-dioctoxy-p-phenylene) (PmPV) and dispersed single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Tris-(8-hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum (Alq3) doped by Nile Red was used as an emissive material between the polymer composite and cathode. The device fabricated without SWNTs dispersed in the PmPV shows a dominant emission near red at 600 nm, which is in the range of the characteristic emission of Nile Red-doped Alq3, with a small amount of green emission from the PmPV. However, the devices fabricated with the polymer composite show an increase in the oscillator strength of the green emission with a dominant emission peak near 500 nm, the characteristic emission of PmPV. This was observed for SWNT concentrations up to 0.1 wt %. The shift in the emission indicates that the SWNTs in the PmPV matrix act as a hole-blocking material that results in a shifting of the recombination region from the Nile Red-doped Alq3 layer to the PmPV composite layer.
The myoglobin protein radical. Coupling of Tyr-103 to Tyr-151 in the H2O2-mediated cross-linking of sperm whale myoglobin. (1988)

Sperm whale metmyoglobin, which has tyrosine residues at positions 103, 146, and 151, dimerizes in the presence of H2O2. Equine metmyoglobin, which lacks Tyr-151, and red kangaroo metmyoglobin, which lacks Tyr-103 and Tyr-151, do not dimerize in the presence of H2O2. The dityrosine content of the sperm whale myoglobin dimer shows that it is primarily held together by dityrosine cross-links, although more tyrosine residues are lost than are accounted for by dityrosine formation. Digestion of the myoglobin dimer with chymotrypsin yields a peptide with the fluorescence spectrum of dityrosine. The amino acid composition, amino acid sequence, and mass spectrum of the peptide show that cross-linking involves covalent bond formation between Tyr-103 of one myoglobin chain and Tyr-151 of the other. Replacement of the prosthetic group of sperm whale myoglobin with zinc protoporphyrin IX prevents H2O2-induced dimerization even when intact horse metmyoglobin is present in the incubation. This suggests that the tyrosine radicals required for the dimerization reaction are generated by intra- rather than intermolecular electron transfer to the ferryl heme. Rapid electron transfer from Tyr-103 to the ferryl heme followed by slower electron transfer from Tyr-151 to Tyr-103 is most consistent with the present results.
Development of a Systems Engineering Model of the Chemical Separations Process: Final Report (2004)

The whole chemical separation process is complex to the point that definitely requires certain level of systematic coordination. To perform smoothly and meet the target extraction rates among those processes, this research proposed a general-purpose systems engineering model.\nA general purposed systems engineering model, Transmutation Research Program System Engineering Model Project (TRPSEMPro), was developed based on the above design concept. The system model includes four main parts: System Manager, Model Integration, Study Plan, and Solution Viewer. TRPSEMPro can apply not only to chemical separation process, but also a general system model.\nSoftware engineering and Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOA&D) play a critical role during our software development. Through the application of OOA&D, the user can define objects and concepts from our problem domain that is quantitatively described by Unified Modeling Language (UML). The logical software objects were created from the previous definition. Meanwhile, different design patterns were also applied during the detailed design phase. Finally, those designed components were implemented by using MicrosoftTM.Net, the most up-to-date object-oriented programming language framework from Microsoft.\nCurrently, only the UREX process module is available and ready to be implemented. Since extraction modules can be developed from various agencies with different development concepts and programming conventions, an intermediate bridge or interpreter is generally required. The system connects the only available process, UREX and with the TRPSEMPro system model from the AMUSESimulator interface. The AMUSESimulator communicates with the calculation engine AMUSE macros designed for the UREX process. A user-friendly GUI in AMUSESimulator allows the user to efficiently define the UREX process – flowsheet, input streams, sections, and stages.
A Resonating Comb/Ring Angular Rate Sensor Vacuum Packaged Via Wafer Bonding (1999)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The best features of a comb and ring device have been combined to provide an improved micromachined angular rate sensor. The use of differential combs attached to a centrally supported ring gives this electroformed surface micromachine improved signal output and temperature performance. Previous results have been reported for vibratory ring sensors vacuum packaged in solder sealed CERDIPs. Bulk silicon etching and wafer to wafer bonding, used to fabricate millions of pressure sensors and accelerometers each year, have been employed to vacuum package this new CMOS integrated micromachine. Wafer level packaging allows for MEMS chip-scale packaging at the board level. The goal of this project is to develop a low cost sensor capable of reliably functioning at temperatures between -40 °C and 85 °C. The design, modeling, process, package, performance and automotive applications of this sensor will be covered.</div>
Intramolecular Aromatic Substitutions of the Imidazol-5-yl Radical to form Tricyclic Imidazo[5,1-a] Heterocycles (2006)

Five, six and seven-membered intramolecular aromatic substitutions of imidazol-5-yl radicals are reported using both metal hydride/AIBN and photochemical conditions to give imidazo[5,1-a]isoindole, imidazo[5,1-a]isoquinoline and imidazo[5,1-a]benzazepine. Procedures for the synthesis of 5-bromo-(N-omega-phenylalkyl)imidazole radical precursors using 1.3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (dibromantin) and Nbromosuccinimide (NBS) are given.
Targeted delivery of oligodeoxynucleotides to parenchymal liver cells in vivo (1999)

Anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) hold great promise for correcting the biosynthesis of clinically relevant proteins. The potential of ODNs for modulating liver-specific genes might be increased by preventing untimely elimination and by improving the local bioavailability of ODNs in the target tissue. In the present study we have assessed whether the local ODN concentration can be enhanced by the targeted delivery of ODNs through conjugation to a ligand for the parenchymal liver cell-specific asialoglycoprotein receptor. A capped ODN (miscellaneous 20-mer sequence) was derivatized with a ligand with high affinity for this receptor, N2-[N2-(N2,N6-bis{N-[p-(β-D-galactopyranosyloxy) anilino] thiocarbamyl} - L - lysyl) - N6 - (N - {p - [β-D -galactopyranosyloxy] anilino} thiocarbamyl) - L - lysyl] - N6 - [N - (p -{β-ᴅ-galactopyranosyloxy}anilino)thiocarbamyl]-ʟ-lysine (L3G4) (Kd 6.5±0.2 nM, mean±S.D.). Both the uptake studies in vitro and the confocal laser scan microscopy studies demonstrated that L3G4-ODN was far more efficiently bound to and taken up by parenchymal liver cells than underivatized ODN. Studies in vivo in rats showed that hepatic uptake could be greatly enhanced from 19±1% to 77±6% of the injected dose after glycoconjugation. Importantly, specific ODN accumulation of ODN into parenchymal liver cells was improved almost 60-fold after derivatization with L3G4, and could be attributed to the asialoglycoprotein receptor. In conclusion, the scavenger receptor-mediated elimination pathway for miscellaneous ODN sequences can be circumvented by direct conjugation to a synthetic tag for the asialoglycoprotein receptor. In this manner a crucial requisite is met towards the application of ODNs in vivo to modulate the biosynthesis of parenchymal liver cell-specific genes such as those for apolipoprotein (a), cholesterol ester transfer protein and viral proteins.