gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stimulatory Effect of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 on Renal Pi Transport and Plasma 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub>* (1990)

Administration of GH increases both the tubular reabsorption of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and the plasma level of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3]. These two effects could be induced by a common mediator, possibly the GH-generated insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). In the present work, the influence of recombinant human IGF-1 on renal Pi transport and plasma 1,25-(OH)2D3 was examined in hypophysectomized (HPX) rats. IGF-1, infused by miniosmotic pump at the dose of 10 micrograms/h for 6 days, significantly increased the maximal tubular reabsorption of Pi per unit volume of glomerular filtrate (max TRPi/m1GFR): IGF-1 3.50 +/- 0.16; vehicle: 2.78 +/- 0.14 mumol/m1GFR, P less than 0.005. The response was associated with a marked stimulation of plasma 1,25-(OH)2D3 (IGF-1; 409 +/- 23; vehicle: 208 +/- 22 pmol/liter, P less than 0.001). As previously reported for GH, IGF-1 also increased GFR and reduced urinary sodium excretion. In brush border membrane vesicles isolated from renal cortex of HPX rats, the Na-dependent Pi transport was stimulated by IGF-1. Neither the Na-dependent glucose transport nor that of alanine was affected by the growth factor. The stimulatory effect of IGF-1 on maxTRPi/m1GFR was also expressed in thyroparathyroidectomized (TPTX) HPX rats (IGF-1: 5.20 +/- 0.29; vehicle: 3.88 +/- 0.37 mumol/m1GFR, P less than 0.025). In conclusion, administration of IGF-1 in HPX rats mimics the stimulatory effects of GH on maxTRPi/m1GFR and on plasma 1,25-(OH)2D3. As described for GH the change in maxTRPi/m1GFR is mediated by a PTH independent mechanism and is expressed at the level of the luminal membrane of proximal tubules. These results suggest that IGF-1 could be an important factor in the control of Pi metabolism, particularly during growth, and might play a significant role in mediating the effect of GH on the renal handling of Pi and production of 1,25-(OH)2D3.
Flexibility can boost profits in cryogenic gas-processing plants (1980)

Many factors influence the selection and design of a cryogenic gas processing plant, including the expected product values. For a minimal increase in investment, operating flexibility can be designed into the plant to allow for a wide range of product recovery levels. This minimal increase in capital expenditure may significantly enhance future profits. At a reduced price for ethane, producers were concerned with the recovery of the propane-plus fraction. Ethane was rejected to the residue gas. As the value of ethane increases, a plant with adequate operating flexibility will be able to recover ethane and realize increased profits. During the 1970s, the price of ethane reached a level high enough to stimulate the development of economic and cryogenic expander gas processing units. Designs are now relatively simple. Operating experience shows that onstream reliability is quite good. Control schemes also are simple, and some plants are completely automated. These factors combine to allow plants to operate with a wide range of process flow conditions, with minimal operator attention. Some key considerations typically enhance the selection of the expander process.
Bidirectional bistability in n-p-n Si/Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x//Si structures (1988)

Several structures of n-Si/p-Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x//n-Si double heterojunction bipolar transistors (DHBTs) with strained thin base, fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), are described. Negative differential resistance (NDR) phenomena-a strong and symmetric bidirectional bistability modulated by base bias, together with a multistep characteristic in collector current versus emitter-collector bias voltage in the devices with very thin base-were observed at room temperature. The physical origins are analyzed. The results are compared with the characteristics of n-Ga/sub 1-x/A1/sub x/As/p-GaAs/n-GaAs single HBTs (SHBTs).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Frequency and pulse response of a novel high-speed interdigital surface photoconductor (IDPC) (1981)

A novel type of high speed photodetector has been fabricated by placing an interdigital metal electrode pattern directly on the surface of a semi-insulating Cr-Doped GaAs substrate. The photo-conductor was found to have an analog bandwidth in excess of 4 GHz and a pulse risetime of less than 50 ps. Large photoconductive gain was observed under CW illumination. Photoconductive gain was less than unity under RF modulated illumination. The sensitivity, pulse and frequency response compare well with the best commercial detectors.
Influence of cooling rate and cerium addition on rapidly solidified Al-TM alloys (2010)

Rapidly solidified alloys, based on an aluminium-transition metal (TM) system, are promising structural materials. They show good mechanical properties and excellent thermal stability, which is caused by the very fine nanostructure of these materials and by the presence of nonequilibrium intermetallic phases. Influence of the cooling rate and Ce addition on properties of Al-5.5Ce-3Fe-1.5Ti alloy that was prepared by the melt spinning method was studied in this work. It was shown that formation of the quasicrystalline phase depends on the cooling rate during melt spinning. The addition of a few weight percents of Ce modifies phase composition of the alloy and stabilizes quasicrystals at elevated temperatures. However, the influence of Ce addition on hardness was not observed. K e y w o r d s : rapid solidification (A), Al-TM (A), microstructure (B), aluminium (B)
Rheological Characterization of Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Formulations for Cutaneous Applications (2019)

Rheology, the study of the flow and deformation of matter, can be a daunting subject for scientists new to this field. However, its importance in characterization and optimization of formulations is indisputable. This review intends to provide basic and practical rheological notions in order to better understand the key concepts such as shear stress, shear rate, viscosity, elastic and viscous moduli and phase angle, and learn to distinguish between flow and oscillation experiments. We will explain the different rheological behaviors such as shear thinning, thixotropy or viscoelasticity. Throughout this review, these concepts will be illustrated with examples taken from pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations. Rheology is a broad subject and this review does not intend to be comprehensive, but rather to be concise and pedagogical.
Selection and management of the brain dead donor for liver and kidney transplantation. (1995)

The passing of brain death legislation by the Indian Parliament in June 1994 has paved the way for the commencement of cadaveric organ transplant programmes in India. The medical profession must develop a code of practice that is legally, medically and ethically acceptable. Once established, adherence to the policy and procedures is mandatory or transplantation in India will fall into disrepute at home and abroad. Donor selection and management is an integral part of the transplant process. The final result of transplantation can only be as good as the quality of the organ transplanted. The key elements of the selection criteria and management of the donor after the determination of brain death are outlined in this article.
Extending OpenFlow for SDN-enabled synchronous Ethernet networks (2015)

There is an increasing need of synchronization and clock frequency distribution in core and access networks. Synchronous Ethernet (SyncE) is a technology that is able to distribute clock frequency over Ethernet networks, while keeping scalability and reduced costs. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is another emerging technology that is changing the landscape of network management by separating the control and data planes and introducing a centralized management architecture, with the goal of optimizing network operations. OpenFlow is currently the most popular southbound interface between the control and data planes in SDN networks. In order to operate SyncE networks under the new SDN paradigm and exploit its advantages, an extension of OpenFlow messages and operations is needed. This paper discusses how SDN and SyncE can interoperate, proposes a set of OpenFlow extensions that are backwards compatible with SyncE equipment, and presents results from a an implementation.
Hyperglycemia, intracellular hyaluronan synthesis, cyclin D3 and autophagy (2009)

Hyperglycemia is one of the factors that induces autophagy. Our recent studies demonstrate that dividing cells in hyperglycemic medium initiate an intracellular stress response that involves synthesis of hyaluronan and its extrusion extracellularly into structures that are recognized by inflammatory cells. During the later phase, a complex with cyclin D3, CDK4 and C/EBPalpha was observed in the hyperglycemic cultures, and cyclin D3 and C/EBPalpha colocalized in coalesced perinuclear honeycomb-like structures with embedded hyaluronan. Further, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), a marker for autophagy, colocalizes with these structures. These results suggest that cyclin D3 is a central coordinator that controls the organization of a complex set of proteins that regulate autophagy and subsequent formation of the monocyte-adhesive hyaluronan matrix. However, the early intracellular accumulation of hyaluronan could have a critical role in initiating or regulating these downstream events.
Mid-infrared to telecom-band supercontinuum generation in highly nonlinear silicon-on-insulator wire waveguides (2011)

We demonstrate the generation of a supercontinuum in a 2 cm long silicon wire by pumping the wire with mid-infrared picosecond pulses in the anomalous dispersion regime. The supercontinuum extends from 1535 nm up to 2525 nm for a coupled peak power of 12.7 W. It is shown that the supercontinuum originates primarily from the amplification of background noise. A detailed analysis of the spectral components which are generated through phase-matched processes is applied to extract the group velocity dispersion and fourth-order dispersion coefficient of the silicon wire waveguide.
Initiation of mRNA translation in prokaryotes (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInitiation of mRNA translation in prokaryotesClaudio O. Gualerzi and Cynthia L. PonCite this: Biochemistry 1990, 29, 25, 5881–5889Publication Date (Print):June 26, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 26 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00477a001https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00477a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1702Altmetric-Citations375LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
CXCR2‐specific chemokines mediate leukotriene B<sub>4</sub>–dependent recruitment of neutrophils to inflamed joints in mice with antigen‐induced arthritis (2008)

Our data implicate CXCL1, CXCL5, and LTB4, acting sequentially, in neutrophil migration in AIA. Elevated levels of CXCL1 and CXCL5 in the synovial compartment of RA patients provide robust comparative data indicating that this mechanism plays a role in inflammatory joint disease. Together, these results suggest that inhibition of CXCL1, CXCL5, or LTB4 may represent a potential therapeutic strategy in RA.
Metabolic Acidosis and Subclinical Metabolic Acidosis in CKD (2017)

Metabolic acidosis is not uncommon in CKD and is linked with bone demineralization, muscle catabolism, and higher risks of CKD progression and mortality. Clinical practice guidelines recommend maintaining serum total CO<sub>2</sub> at ≥22 mEq/L to help prevent these complications. Although a definitive trial testing whether correcting metabolic acidosis improves clinical outcomes has not been conducted, results from small, single-center studies support this notion. Furthermore, biologic plausibility supports the notion that a subset of patients with CKD have acid-mediated organ injury despite having a normal serum total CO<sub>2</sub> and might benefit from oral alkali before overt acidosis develops. Identifying these individuals with subclinical metabolic acidosis is challenging, but recent results suggest that urinary acid excretion measurements may be helpful. The dose of alkali to provide in this setting is unknown as well. The review discusses these topics and the prevalence and risk factors of metabolic acidosis, mechanisms of acid-mediated organ injury, results from interventional studies, and potential harms of alkali therapy in CKD.
Effect of Gamma Rays and EMS on Two Varieties of Soybean (2006)

A study was undertaken on induced mutagenesis with CO1 and CO2 varieties of soybean. The mutagens studied were gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 kR) and EMS (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mM). In an assessment to fix the LD50 value, the varieties responded differently. A subtle difference was observed between the varieties CO1 and CO2 in the degree of tolerance to the mutagens, viz., CO1, (62 kR gamma rays, 26.4 mM EMS) and CO2 (58.3 kR gamma rays and 25.7 mM EMS). It is concluded that CO1 tolerate higher doses of gamma rays and EMS. In general, the treated population had manifested a reduced expression than the untreated population in all the biometrical traits. Reduction in phenotypic expression is linear with the dose or concentration of the mutagens in M1 generation. The mutagen gamma ray manifested higher percentage of reduction than EMS. In M2, EMS induced higher proportion of chlorophyll mutants than gamma rays. Among viable mutants, sterile mutant occurred more predominantly followed by stunted growth in both the varieties due to the effect of mutation. Induced mutations delivered fairly good amount of genotypic coefficient of variation, the heritability, GA as percent of mean with respect to number of seeds per plant, seed yield per plant and hundred seed weight for both the mutagen in both the varieties, indicating the scope for improving the soybean yield by selection. The mutants with four seeded pods, bold seeded types and increased number of pods per plant were isolated from this experiment
Betulinic Acid: Recent Advances in Chemical Modifications, Effective Delivery, and Molecular Mechanisms of a Promising Anticancer Therapy (2015)

An important method of drug discovery is examination of diverse life forms, including medicinal plants and natural products or bioactive compounds isolated from these sources. In cancer research, lead structures of compounds from natural sources can be used to design novel chemotherapies with enhanced biological properties. Betulinic acid (3β-hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid or BetA) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene with a wide variety of biological activities, including potent antitumor properties. Non-malignant cells and normal tissues are not affected by BetA. Because BetA exerts its effects directly on the mitochondrion and triggers death of cancerous cells, it is an important alternative when certain chemotherapy drugs fail. Mitochondrion-targeted agents such as BetA hold great promise to circumvent drug resistance in human cancers. BetA is being developed by a large network of clinical trial groups with the support of the U.S. National Cancer Institute. This article discusses recent advances in research into anticancer activity of BetA, relevant modes of delivery, and the agent's therapeutic efficacy, mechanism of action, and future perspective as a pipeline anticancer drug. BetA is a potentially important agent in cancer therapeutics.
Tripolar Pad for Inductive Power Transfer Systems for EV Charging (2016)

A recently proposed magnetic structure called Tripolar Pad (TPP) is investigated as a primary pad in an inductive power transfer battery charging system for electric vehicles. In this paper, a TPP primary is evaluated for 3.3 kW power transfer to both a circular pad and a bipolar pad as secondary pads. A mathematical model is presented to describe the power transfer from the TPP primary to the secondary pads then a control scheme is proposed which exploits the mutual decoupling between the TPP coils to find optimal primary currents. The optimization of the primary currents in the TPP improved the effective coupling factor over traditional topologies, particularly when the secondary was misaligned, and maintained leakage magnetic flux below International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection guidelines. The result for the proposed TPP is validated with practical measurements.
300. The amino-derivatives of pentaerythritol. Part I. Preparation (1938)

A. Litherland and F. G. Mann, J. Chem. Soc., 1938, 1588 DOI: 10.1039/JR9380001588
'*An Indelible Mark"? Gerald Sharp as Archbishop of Brisbane 1921 to 1933 (1987)

We conclude that loss in twins is most strongly associated with monochorionic diamniotic placentation. Although this condition is not preventable, early identification (by ultrasound) and referral to subspecialists may decrease the chances of perinatal loss. Prevention of spontaneous preterm birth in all women remains an important initiative in obstetric care to reduce perinatal mortality and neonatal morbidity. We believe that improvements in the reporting on death certificates will allow future research on large data sets and may provide further insight into perinatal loss in twins. We emphasize the importance of a comprehensive clinical review of each case of perinatal loss to fully understand the sequence of clinical events leading to this adverse pregnancy outcome.
Oxidative Additions of Coordinated Ligands at Unsaturated Molybdenum and Tungsten Diphosphine-Bridged Carbonyl Dimers. 4. Decarbonylation Reactions of [M<sub>2</sub>(η<sup>5</sup>-C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>4</sub>{μ-(EtO)<sub>2</sub>POP(OEt)<sub>2</sub>}] (M = Mo, W) (1997)

The title complexes [M2Cp2(CO)4(μ-tedip)] (M = Mo, W; Cp = η5-C5H5; tedip = (EtO)2POP(OEt)2) have been synthesized in high yield from the reaction of tedip and the corresponding species [M2Cp2(CO)4]. The structure of the ditungsten compound has been determined through a single-crystal X-ray study. Thermolytic decarbonylation of the dimolybdenum complex gives the phosphido−phosphonate compound [Mo2Cp2{μ-OP(OEt)2}{μ-P(OEt)2}(CO)2] which results from a P−O bond oxidative addition of the backbone of the tedip ligand to the dimetal center. The latter compound reacts rapidly with CO at room temperature to give the tetracarbonyl species [Mo2Cp2{μ-OP(OEt)2}{μ-P(OEt)2}(CO)4], a process that can be reversed either thermal or photochemically. Additional experiments show that the above tetracarbonyl complex can be partially converted into [Mo2Cp2(CO)4(μ-tedip)], which means that the P−O cleavage of the tedip ligand is reversible. The ditungsten title complex behaves in a related way but gives at 140 °C a mixture of di- and tetracarbonyl phosphido−phosphonate products. Photochemical decarbonylation of the title dimolybdenum compound showed low selectivity and under a variety of experimental conditions gave a mixture of the phosphido−phosphonate complexes [Mo2Cp2{μ-OP(OEt)2}{μ-P(OEt)2}(CO)2] and [Mo2Cp2{μ-OP(OEt)2}{μ-P(OEt)2}(μ-CO)] and the triply-bonded [Mo2Cp2(CO)2(μ-tedip)], which could not be isolated from the reaction mixtures. By contrast, photolysis of the ditungsten title compound at −15 °C gave as a major product the hydridocyclopentadienylidene complex [W2(μ-η1,η5-C5H4)Cp(μ-H)(CO)3(μ-tedip)] along with some [W2Cp2(CO)2(μ-tedip)]. The cyclopentadienylidene complex decomposes rapidly at room temperature to give a mixture of the starting compound and [W2Cp2{μ-OP(OEt)2}{μ-P(OEt)2}(CO)2]. The underlying reaction pathways in the decarbonylation of the title compounds are discussed on the basis of the above data and several separate experiments.
Substrate‐analogue‐induced changes in the nickel‐EPR spectrum of active methyl‐coenzyme‐M reductase from <i>Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum</i> (1992)

Methyl-coenzyme-M reductase (MCR) catalyzes the formation of methane from methyl-coenzyme M [2-(methylthio)ethanesulfonate] and 7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate in methanogenic archaea. The enzyme contains the nickel porphinoid coenzyme F430 as a prosthetic group. In the active, reduced (red) state, the enzyme displays two characteristic EPR signals, MCR-red1 and MCR-red2, probably derived from Ni(I). In the presence of the substrate methyl-coenzyme M, the rhombic MCR-red2 signal is quantitatively converted to the axial MCR-red1 signal. We report here on the effects of inhibitory substrate analogues on the EPR spectrum of the enzyme. 3-Bromopropanesulfonate (BrPrSO3), which is the most potent inhibitor of MCR known to date (apparent Ki = 0.05 microM), converted the EPR signals MCR-red1 and MCR-red2 to a novel axial Ni(I) signal designated MCR-BrPrSO3. 3-Fluoropropanesulfonate (apparent Ki < 50 microM) and 3-iodopropanesulfonate (apparent Ki < 1 microM) induced a signal identical to that induced by BrPrSO3 without affecting the line shape, despite the fact that the fluorine, bromine and iodine isotopes employed have nuclear spins of I = 1/2, I = 3/2 and I = 5/2, respectively. This finding suggests that MCR-BrPrSO3 is not the result of a close halogen-Ni(I) interaction. 7-Bromoheptanoylthreonine phosphate (BrHpoThrP) (apparent Ki = 5 microM), which is an inhibitory substrate analogue of 7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate, converted the signals MCR-red1 and MCR-red2 to a novel axial Ni(I) signal, MCR-BrHpoThrP, similar but not identical to MCR-BrPrSO3. The results indicate that inhibition of MCR by the halogenated substrate analogues investigated above is not via oxidation of Ni(I)F430. The different MCR EPR signals are assigned to different enzyme/substrate and enzyme/inhibitor complexes.