gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On-line standard additions with direct injection nebulization for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOn-line standard additions with direct injection nebulization for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometryDaniel R. Wiederin, Ronald E. Smyczek, and R. S. HoukCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 15, 1626–1631Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00015a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00015a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Caractères, codage et normalisation. De Chappe à Unicode (2003)

La transmission de l'information s'est faite d'abord de faon visuelle (fanions de la marine, tlgraphe Chappe, Morse, etc.) avant d'tre lectrique (Tlex) puis informatique. Nous prsentons l'volution des divers codages de caractres lis et les normes associes (IA1, Tlex, BCD, Ascii, Latin-n et enfin Unicode). Cet aperu historique nous permet de prciser l'occasion divers concepts tels que codage, caractre, glyphe, norme, standard, etc.
Intelligent adaptive control and monitoring of band sawing (2008)

In this paper, we propose that a neuro-fuzzy based adaptive controller for control of band sawing process. The system composed of two different kinds of back propagation networks and a fuzzy logic controller. The first network accomplishes the reference forces that are compared with the measured cutting force values in the real time. The required feed rate and cutting speed are adjusted by the proposed controller. The cutting parameters are continuously updated by a secondary neural network model to compensate the disturbances. The system provides that possibility of identification of material to be cut. Material identification is determined by the measured cutting forces while cutting operation. Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed controller is very well as adaptation of the cutting speed and feed rate during band sawing in the real time.
Capability of long distance 100  GHz FMCW using a single GDD lamp sensor (2014)

Millimeter wave (MMW)-based imaging systems are required for applications in medicine, homeland security, concealed weapon detection, and space technology. The lack of inexpensive room temperature imaging sensors makes it difficult to provide a suitable MMW system for many of the above applications. A 3D MMW imaging system based on chirp radar was studied previously using a scanning imaging system of a single detector. The radar system requires that the millimeter wave detector will be able to operate as a heterodyne detector. Since the source of radiation is a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW), the detected signal as a result of heterodyne detection gives the object's depth information according to value of difference frequency, in addition to the reflectance of the 2D image. New experiments show the capability of long distance FMCW detection by using a large scale Cassegrain projection system, described first (to our knowledge) in this paper. The system presents the capability to employ a long distance of at least 20 m with a low-cost plasma-based glow discharge detector (GDD) focal plane array (FPA). Each point on the object corresponds to a point in the image and includes the distance information. This will enable relatively inexpensive 3D MMW imaging.
Time-Domain Techniques for Measuring the Conductivity and Permittivity Spectrum of Materials (1972)

A method is presented for evaluating the conductivity and permittivity spectrum of materials by using time-domain reflectometry. A theoretical analysis of the transient response is made, with emphasis on the asymptotic behavior for large values of time. The results of the asymptotic analysis are the basis of the presented method and are essential for the evaluation of the permittivity spectrum of conductive materials. Quite satisfactory experinental results are presented.
[Effect of Lactobacillus casei on the incidence of infectious conditions in children]. (2006)

The study shows a tendency to the reduction of duration and incidence of some infectious disorders in those children receiving two daily Actimel during 20 weeks.
Optimal cryopreservation of human umbilical cord blood. (1996)

Cryopreservation techniques for umbilical cord blood (UCB) have been based on methods established for marrow (BM) and peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) with varying degrees of success. The aim of this study was to optimise cryopreservation of UCB haemopoietic cells based on sound cryopreservation principles. UCB samples were cryopreserved with different combinations of DMSO and hydroxyethyl starch (HES) by a variety of freezing protocols. After cooling at 1 degree C/min in solutions containing 4% HES and various concentrations of DMSO there was a dramatic fall in CD34+ recovery from 85.4% (s.d. 28.4) to 12.2% (s.d. 10.0) as DMSO concentration was reduced from 5 to 2.5%. Varying HES concentration in solutions containing 5% DMSO did not have a significant effect on CD34+ cell recovery. Increasing cooling rate from 1 to 10 degrees C/min significantly reduced CD34+ recovery (P < 0.0001) while increasing DMSO concentration up to 10% had little effect (P = 0.8, two-way ANOVA). Good recovery of UCB CD34+ cells can be achieved with 5-10% DMSO at a controlled cooling rate of 1 degrees C/min. There was a significant difference (P < 0.0001) in the apparent recovery of CD34+ cells between paired aliquots thawed in the presence (recovery = 76.8%, s.d. 26.0) and absence (32.5%, s.d. 18.7) of DNase. In conclusion, conditions for cryopreserving UCB for clinical banking that yield optimal recovery of CD34+ cells have been established.
Reconstructing the temporal ordering of biological samplesusing microarray data (2003)

Academic implementations of the ordering algorithms are available as source code (in the programming language Python) on our web site, along with documentation on their use. The artificial 'jelly roll' data set upon which the algorithm was tested is also available from this web site. The publicly available gene expression data may be found at http://genome-www.stanford.edu/cellcycle/ and http://caulobacter.stanford.edu/CellCycle/.
Sn-8Zn-3Bi 솔더의 Ni/Au 표면처리 PCB 기판에 대한 퍼짐성 연구 (2006)

The spreadability of Sn-8wt%Zn-3wt%Bi solder on the Ni/Au pad of PCB was investigated. The thickness of Au-layer was varied from 0.03 ㎛to 0.5 ㎛. The solder paste was printed on the pad using a stencil with a gap size of 6.5mm x 6.5mm. The printed paste was reflowed at 225℃ using a commertial reflow soldering machine. As experimental results, when the Au-thickness was in the range between 0.0 3㎛and 0.2 ㎛, the spreading ratio showed 9~10% above the original solder area the Au-thickness was 0.3 ㎛, 0.4 ㎛and 0.5 ㎛the spreading ratio became +4.7%, -15.7%, and -22.5%, respectively. The intermetallic compounds of Au-Zn was produced between the Sn-8Zn-3Bi solder and Ni/Au-pad. With increasing Au-thickness from 0.03 ㎛to 0.2 ㎛, the Au-Zn IMCs moved from the bonded interface to the solder by spalling phenomenon. Accordingly, the cause of spreadability reduction was believed to be the spalling of Au-Zn IMCs, and the optimal Au-thickness was below 0.2 ㎛.
Moving QA towards reading comprehension using context and default reasoning (2005)

For a question answering system to understand the underly-ing assumptions and contextual features of natural language, a contextually and semantically sensitive knowledge repre-sentation and reasoning module is essential. This paper pro-poses a three-layered knowledge representation coupled with reasoning mechanisms for defaults and contexts as a solution for pushing question answering towards a state capable of ba-sic reading comprehension. A travel scenario is presented as a vehicle for demonstrating the complexities of this problem, and the ways in which semantic relations, contexts (for con-ditionality, planning, time, and space), and defaults address these complexities.
A Computational Approach for Deciphering the Organization of Glycosaminoglycans (2010)

This model establishes the conceptual framework for a new class of computational tools to use to assess patterns of domain organization within glycosaminoglycans. These tools will provide a means to consider high-level chain organization in deciphering the structure-function relationships of polysaccharides in biology.
Multiplexing spacer outputs on cell emissions (2002)

In ATM networks, one effective way to provide service guarantees is to shape individual traffic streams at various points in the network. In the paper, the authors present a method for multiplexing a large number of single-stream spacer outputs on cell emissions rather than on cell arrivals. The method not only approximates first come first served (FCFS) multiplexing of such outputs but also better suits bursty arrivals. A number of performance related issues of the proposed method are identified and examined.
LXR agonists for the treatment of atherosclerosis. (2003)

Liver X receptor (LXR) alpha/beta nuclear receptors are intracellular sterol sensors that regulate expression of genes controlling cholesterol absorption, excretion, catabolism and cellular efflux in target organs, including small intestine, liver and macrophages. Through co-ordination of the expression of target genes in multiple tissues, LXR agonists increase the flux of cholesterol from the periphery to the liver, where it is metabolized and excreted into the bile. Synthetic dual LXR alpha/beta agonists decrease atherosclerosis in mice, however, upregulation of lipogenic target genes and triglyceride elevation in rodents reveals a narrow therapeutic window. LXR subtype-selective agonists or LXR modulators may dissociate the anti-atherosclerotic and lipogenic effects of current dual LXR agonists.
<title>Integrating concast and multicast communication models</title> (1998)

This paper defines a new group communication model called concast communication. Being the counterpart to multicast, concast involves multiple senders transmitting to a single receiver. Concast communication is used in a wide range of applications including collaborative applications, report-in style applications, or just end-to-end acknowledgements in a reliable multicast protocol. This paper explores the issues involved in designing concast communication services. We examine various message combination methods including concatenation, compression, and reduction to reduce the traffic loads imposed on the network and packet implosion at the receiver. Group management operations such as group creation/deletion, joining/leaving, and concast routing are discussed. We also address transmission issues such as reliable delivery, flow control, congestion control, and QoS. We conclude the paper by presenting a concast communication model that we have been developing in the context of TMTP<SUP>5</SUP>. The model uses concast communication to implement reliable multicast and it shares concast trees with the multicast group whenever possible to reduce overhead costs.
Asia & Pacific 1982. (1982)

Journal Article Asia & Pacific 1982 Get access Asia & Pacific 1982. Saffron Walden: World of Information. 1982. 327 pp. £15.00. N. G. N. G. 1Chatham House Library Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 59, Issue 1, Winter 1982, Page 138, https://doi.org/10.2307/2620224 Published: 01 January 1982
Electron transport in graphene (2008)

Graphene became the first and is the most vivid representative of a new class of materials. Graphene has opened a new scientific paradigm that can be studied under ordinary laboratory conditions. Graphene is a two-dimensional semiconductor with a zero-width band gap. Quasi-particles in graphene are formally described by Dirac-type Hamiltonian. The observation of the relativistic analog of the integral quantum Hall effect is the most impressive manifestation. The linear dispersion law is the most important of quantum transport that follows from the Dirac equation. Current carrying states at positive energies are similar to electrons and are negatively charged. The linear spectrum in graphene and the high value of the Fermi velocity result in enormous orbital splitting. Chirality is directly related to the relativistic nature of particles and corresponding to the linear dispersion law for massless particles.
Teaching Diabetic Patients About Self-Management (1980)

It takes approximately 20 min to teach a patient how to use Dextrostix reagent strips in conjunction with an Eyetone reflectance meter (or the more recently introduced Glucochek). Blood glucose monitoring is no more difficult or time consuming than conventional urine testing and can be learned and executed by patients of various levels of intelligence. It is important to emphasize the need for an adequate drop of blood and the use of Monolet blood lancets has greatly facilitated this. Emphasis is put on the most useful times to make recordings and the importance of good record-keeping. The more intelligent patients readily learn how to adjust their insulin to improve their blood glucose readings while the less intelligent need help and advice. Experience has shown that no only are blood glucose levels improved but also hypoglycemic episodes are less commmon.
An intensional approach to the specification of test cases for database applications (2006)

When testing database applications, in addition to creating in-memory fixtures it is also necessary to create an initial database state that is appropriate for each test case. Current approaches either require exact database states to be specified in advance, or else generate a single initial state (under guidance from the user) that is intended to be suitable for execution of all test cases. The first method allows large test suites to be executed in batch, but requires considerable programmer effort to create the test cases (and to maintain them). The second method requires less programmer effort, but increases the likelihood that test cases will fail in non-fault situations, due to unexpected changes to the content of the database. In this paper, we propose a new approach in which the database states required for testing are specified intensionally, as constrained queries, that can be used to prepare the database for testing automatically. This technique overcomes the limitations of the other approaches, and does not appear to impose significant performance overheads.
Simultaneous redistribution of mannose 6-phosphate and transferrin receptors by insulin-like growth factors and phorbol ester (1992)

Insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II) and phorbol ester are known to induce in fibroblasts a rapid redistribution of mannose 6-phosphate (M6P)/IGF II-receptors to the cell surface. We compared the redistribution of the M6P/IGF-II receptor with that of the 46 kDa M6P receptor (MPR46) and of receptors for transferrin, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in human fibroblasts under the influence of these effectors. None of the effectors altered the surface expression of receptors for LDL or EGF, which are predominantly located at the cell surface. IGF-I, IGF-II and phorbol ester increased the surface expression of the M6P/IGF-II receptor and of MPR46. The concentration of the transferrin receptor at the cell surface was increased only by IGF-I and IGF-II, with similar kinetics as for the M6P/IGF-II receptor, suggesting that the same mechanism causes redistribution. The increased surface expression of M6P receptors was accompanied by an increased uptake of receptor ligands. The number of transferrin receptors did not correlate with iron uptake, although neither the rate nor the extent of transferrin internalization was changed. These results indicate that the redistribution of several endocytic receptors induced by IGF-I, IGF-II and phorbol ester shows selectivity, and that the uptake of receptor ligand may become uncoupled from the surface expression of the receptors via distinct mechanisms.
Magnetic-sensor performance evaluated from magneto-conductance curve in magnetic tunnel junctions using in-plane or perpendicularly magnetized synthetic antiferromagnetic reference layers (2018)

The automotive industry requires magnetic sensors exhibiting highly linear output within a dynamic range as wide as ±1 kOe. A simple model predicts that the magneto-conductance (G-H) curve in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) is perfectly linear, whereas the magneto-resistance (R-H) curve inevitably contains a finite nonlinearity. We prepared two kinds of MTJs using in-plane or perpendicularly magnetized synthetic antiferromagnetic (i-SAF or p-SAF) reference layers and investigated their sensor performance. In the MTJ with the i-SAF reference layer, the G-H curve did not necessarily show smaller nonlinearities than those of the R-H curve with different dynamic ranges. This is because the magnetizations of the i-SAF reference layer start to rotate at a magnetic field even smaller than the switching field (Hsw) measured by a magnetometer, which significantly affects the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) effect. In the MTJ with the p-SAF reference layer, the G-H curve showed much smaller nonlinearities than those of the R-H curve, thanks to a large Hsw value of the p-SAF reference layer. We achieved a nonlinearity of 0.08% FS (full scale) in the G-H curve with a dynamic range of ±1 kOe, satisfying our target for automotive applications. This demonstrated that a reference layer exhibiting a large Hsw value is indispensable in order to achieve a highly linear G-H curve.
Structural studies on the linkage unit between poly(galactosylglycerol phosphate) and peptidoglycan in cell walls of <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> (1985)

Structural studies were carried out on the linkage units in the teichoic-acid--glycopeptide complexes isolated from lysozyme digests of the cell walls of Bacillus coagulans AHU 1366. On treatment with 47% hydrogen fluoride, the complexes gave a disaccharide characterized as glucosyl(beta 1----4)N-acetylglucosamine together with major fragments, galactosyl(alpha 1----2)glycerol. By means of Smith degradation and partial acid hydrolysis, the teichoic acid chain was shown to be composed of the repeating units, galactosyl(alpha 1----2)glycerol-3(1)-phosphate, which were joined by phosphodiester bonds at C-6 of the galactose residues. The mild alkaline hydrolysis of teichoic-acid-linked glycan fragments yielded teichoic acid chains and disaccharide-linked glycan fragments, from which the disaccharide, glucosyl(beta 1----4)N-acetylglucosamine, was liberated by mild acid hydrolysis, whereas the same disaccharide linked to the teichoic acid chain was obtained by direct heating of the cell walls at pH 2.5. In addition, the presence of specialized glycerol phosphate units in the linkage region was shown by the isolation of tris(glycerol phosphate)3-glucosyl(beta 1----4)N-acetylglucosamine from the products of the Smith degradation of the teichoic-acid--glycopeptide complexes. Thus, it is concluded that the poly(galactosylglycerol phosphate) chain in the cell walls of B. coagulans AHU 1366 is linked to peptidoglycan through a novel linkage unit, bis(glycerol phosphate)-3-glucosyl(beta 1----4)N-acetylglucosamine.
2‐DE proteome maps for the leaf apoplast of <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> (2010)

We provide 2-D gel reference maps for the apoplastic proteome of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves infiltrated or not with the bacterial gene vector Agrobacterium tumefaciens. About 90 proteins were analyzed by LC-MS/MS for identification and function assignment. We show, overall, an effective response of the plant to agroinfiltration involving a specific, cell wall maintenance-independent up-regulation of defense protein secretion. The proteome maps described should be a useful tool for systemic studies on plant-pathogen interactions or cell wall metabolism. They also should prove useful for the monitoring of secreted recombinant proteins and their possible pleiotropic effects along the cell secretory pathway of N. benthamiana leaves used as an expression platform for clinically useful proteins.
Activity against <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> of New Analogues of Nifurtimox (1987)

Abstract Ten new derivatives 1 structurally related to Nifurtimox have been synthesized from 5‐nitrofurfural and the corresponding N‐aminoheterocyclic compounds. Physical data, spectroscopic characteristics and biological properties have been examined. An unusual long‐range coupling constant in the pyrazolyl derivative 1b has been observed. Compounds in which the heterocyclic counterparts are 1,2,4‐triazol‐4‐yl and pyridin‐1‐yl groups clearly show s superior activity against Trypanosoma cruzi .
Peat gasification for SNG production (1977)

The state-of-the-art of peat gasification and the status of the DOE-Minnegasco peat gasification program initiated in July 1976 are presented. As an introduction peat composition, U.S. peat reserves, mining and dewatering techniques, and environmental effects and land reclamation of peat-mined land are briefly reviewed. The results of bench-scale experiments on peat gasification have led to the design of a peat gasifier. Gasification tests have shown that peat is more reactive than coal and has a much higher tendency to form methane. Proportions of gas and oil yields from a peat gasification process can be varied significantly by controlling hydrogasification temperature. (JSR)
Simple Data-Driven Control for Simulated Bipeds (2012)

We present a framework for controlling physics-based bipeds in a simulated environment, based on a variety of reference motions. Unlike existing methods for control based on reference motions, our framework does not require preprocessing of the reference motion, nor does it rely on inverse dynamics or on-line optimization methods for torque computation. It consists of three components: Proportional-Derivative Control to mimic motion characteristics, a specific form of Jacobian Transpose Control for balance control, and Covariance Matrix Adaption for off-line parameter optimization, based on a novel high-level reward function. The framework can easily be implemented using common off-the-shelf physics engines, and generates simulations at approximately 4x realtime on a single core of a modern PC. Our framework advances the state-of-the-art by demonstrating motions of a diversity and dynamic nature previously unseen in comparable methods, including squatting, bowing, kicking, and dancing motions. We also demonstrate its ability to withstand external perturbations and adapt to changes in character morphology.