gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tolerances in self-cohering antenna arrays of arbitrary geometry (1976)

In a conventional array, the location of each element must be known to an accuracy of about <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\lambda/10</tex> for phasing and scanning purposes. A larger tolerance on the element location results in the loss of gain and deterioration of the radiation pattern. In a self-cohering phased array, the phasing of the array elements is accomplished closed-loop and adaptively; therefore, no information on the element location is necessary. On the other hand, to scan the adaptively formed beam about the direction of the received wave, which has to be performed open-loop, one requires information on the element locations. In this paper, basic relations pertaining to the open-loop scanning of adaptive antenna arrays of arbitrary geometry are derived for both far-field and near-field scanning problems, and the transition between the two cases and the required accuracy in the knowledge of the same distance are explored. It is shown that the tolerance requirement on the element locations is the conventional tolerance divided by the maximum scan angle. In large systems designed for target imaging, it is shown that the tolerance on element location can be two or more orders of magnitude larger than that in a conventional array.
Inhibitor treatment in haemophilias A and B: inhibitor diagnosis (2006)

The clinical diagnosis and quantitative measurement of polyclonal IgG inhibiting antibodies are the subjects of this review. Inhibitors in congenital haemophilia are usually diagnosed either as part of a routine surveillance schedule or following a bleeding episode that responds poorly to standard specific replacement therapy. Routine surveillance schedules for paediatric haemophilia A patients during high-risk incidence periods are variable and the subject of ongoing discussion. There have never been any published recommendations for following haemophilia B patients at high risk for inhibitor development. The Factor VIII/IX Subcommittee of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis scientifically endorsed the Nijmegen method for inhibitor measurement in 1996. However, there are many unresolved issues surrounding inhibitor diagnosis using these assays. These issues include: (i) questions of accuracy and inter-assay variability inherent to the one-stage clotting assay; (ii) lack of consensus regarding the assay cut-off for negative determination; (iii) lack of assay standardization and (iv) the clinical importance of capturing non-neutralizing antibodies currently not measured in the functional assays. Ongoing efforts to resolve these issues will be discussed.
Temperature Dependence of NQR Spectra and Phase Transitions in Alkali Metal Hexaiodozirconates and Hafnates (IV) (1986)

Hexaiodometallates of the type R 2 MI 6 (R = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; M = Zr, Hf) have been studied over a wide temperature region using 127 I NQR. They show a notable diversity of structures. The values of the 127 I e 2 Q q/h in hafnates appeared to exceed those in related zirconates by about 10%. This, together with the more positive temperature coefficients of the NQR spectra in zirconates is accounted for by a slightly greater η-character in the Zr - I than the Hf - I bonds in related compounds. Several 1st and 2nd order phase transitions have been detected in Na 2 MI 6 (I) and Rb 2 MI 6 (II). In (I) the high-temperature phase has a structure of lower symmetry than the low-temperature phase, and the 1st order phase transition point reveals an extremely large range of hysteresis.
Single-Event Transients Effects on Dynamic Comparators in a 90 nm CMOS Triple-Well and Dual-Well Technology (2009)

Single-Event Transient effects on dynamic comparators using dual-well and triple-well technologies in a 90-nm CMOS process are investigated using pulsed-laser and schematic simulations. Results show that circuit vulnerability is a strong function of technology, circuit topology, and individual transistor currents.
Crowdsourcing algorithms for entity resolution (2014)

In this paper, we study a hybrid human-machine approach for solving the problem of Entity Resolution (ER). The goal of ER is to identify all records in a database that refer to the same underlying entity, and are therefore duplicates of each other. Our input is a graph over all the records in a database, where each edge has a probability denoting our prior belief (based on Machine Learning models) that the pair of records represented by the given edge are duplicates. Our objective is to resolve all the duplicates by asking humans to verify the equality of a subset of edges, leveraging the transitivity of the equality relation to infer the remaining edges (e.g. a = c can be inferred given a = b and b = c ). We consider the problem of designing optimal strategies for asking questions to humans that minimize the expected number of questions asked. Using our theoretical framework, we analyze several strategies, and show that a strategy, claimed as " optimal " for this problem in a recent work, can perform arbitrarily bad in theory. We propose alternate strategies with theoretical guarantees. Using both public datasets as well as the production system at Facebook, we show that our techniques are effective in practice.
Quantitation of immunoglobulin associated with senescent erythrocytes from the rabbit (1991)

The biochemical processes that determine the lifespan of mammalian erythrocytes are unknown; one prominent theory suggests that antibody binding to the senescent red blood cell identifies it for removal from the circulation. To address this question, we have used a newly developed procedure for the isolation of aged erythrocytes that involves the biotinylation of rabbit red blood cells, in vivo aging of these cells, and the eventual in vitro recovery of the aged red blood cells by their affinity for an avidin support. Erythrocytes isolated with this method were found to have near-normal levels of cell- associated Ig throughout their 60-day lifespan. These data suggest that IgG accumulation is not part of the normal senescence process for erythrocytes in rabbits.
hnRNP U Inhibits Carboxy-Terminal Domain Phosphorylation by TFIIH and Represses RNA Polymerase II Elongation (1999)

This study describes a potential new function of hnRNP U as an RNA polymerase (Pol II) elongation inhibitor. We demonstrated that a subfraction of human hnRNP U is associated with the Pol II holoenzyme in vivo and as such recruited to the promoter as part of the preinitiation complex. hnRNP U, however, appears to dissociate from the Pol II complex at the early stage of transcription and is therefore absent from the elongating Pol II complex. When tested in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription system, hnRNP U inhibits elongation rather than initiation of transcription by Pol II. This inhibition requires the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II. We showed that hnRNP U can bind TFIIH in vivo under certain conditions and inhibit TFIIH-mediated CTD phosphorylation in vitro. We find that the middle domain of hnRNP U is sufficient to mediate its Pol II association and its inhibition of TFIIH-mediated phosphorylation and Pol II elongation. The abilities of hnRNP U to inhibit TFIIH-mediated CTD phosphorylation and its Pol II association are necessary for hnRNP U to mediate the repression of Pol II elongation. Based on these observations, we suggest that a subfraction of hnRNP U, as a component of the Pol II holoenzyme, may downregulate TFIIH-mediated CTD phosphorylation in the basal transcription machinery and repress Pol II elongation. With such functions, hnRNP U might provide one of the mechanisms by which the CTD is maintained in an unphosphorylated state in the Pol II holoenzyme.
Sanguinarine inhibits VEGF‐induced angiogenesis in a fibrin gel matrix (2007)

SA appear to be an antiangiogenic natural product by directly suppressing the proliferative effect of VEGF on endothelial cell line: this effect could be mediated by blocking the VEGF-induced Akt activation.
Exploración preliminar de la causalidad de la deserción de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (2011)

‑ Se realizo una encuesta con la generacion 1984‑1987 de la Facultad de Medicina de la UADY. En total se entrevisto por medio de cuestionarios a 24 desertores y 34 alumnos acerca de sus caracteristicas individuales (motivacion, trabajo, estado civil, etc.). Para determinar si hay diferencias estadisticas entre los grupos, se utilizo la chi cuadrada. Solamente en la caracteristica trabajo (si trabajaba o no) se encontro diferencias estadisticas significantes entre los 2 grupos y unicamente entre los elementos del primer curso, que es cuando sucede del 70 al 80% de las deserciones.
Vis‐sensitive photopolymer containing vinyl ether compound and pyrromethene dye (2002)

Abstract A visible light(vis)‐sensitive photoresist based on the concept of chemical amplification was developed utilizing poly(p‐hydroxystyrene) (PHS), 2,2‐bis[4‐(2‐(vinyloxy)‐ethoxy)phenyl]propane (BPA‐DEVE) as a crosslinking agent, N‐trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy‐1,8‐naphthalimide (NIT) as a photoacid generator (PAG) and pyrromethene dyes such as 1,3,5,7,9‐pentamethylbipyrromethene difluoroborate (PRH) and 2,8‐diethyl‐1,3,5,7,9‐pentamethylbipyrromethene difluoroborate (PRE) and 3,3′‐carbonylbis(7,7′‐diethylaminocoumarin) (KCD). On irradiation with an argon ion laser, the photopolymer comprising PRH and PRE exhibited a high sensitivity of 65 and 46 mJ cm −2 , respectively. It is suggested that the sensitization mechanism of the pyrromethene dye/PAG system involves singlet electron transfer. The sensitivity of the photoresist increased with the decreasing molecular weight of PHS because of the high dissolution rate. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the Performance of Certain Fixed-Complexity Multiuser Detectors in FEXT-limited Vectored DSL Systems (2006)

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication has recently attracted considerable interest for transmission over multiple twisted copper pairs in a common binder. The motivation is to overcome the limitations imposed by crosstalk, and thus boost capacity. Far-end crosstalk (FEXT) is the dominant impairment in frequency-division duplex (FDD) digital subscriber line (DSL) systems. While the per-tone MIMO channel matrix is diagonally dominated in this context, noise is colored due to alien FEXT, which is particularly pronounced for short DSL loops - such as those encountered in fiber-to-the-curb (FTTC) or fiber-to-the-basement (FTTB) architectures. This calls for effective multiuser detection strategies at the receiver. We test three candidate detection algorithms (probabilistic data association, sphere decoding, and a recently proposed hybrid thereof) using measured channel data for 300 meter cable, and a fixed upper bound on vector decoding complexity. The results indicate that, when half of the loops in the binder are coordinated, contrary to the case of Rayleigh fading wireless channels, the sphere decoder provides the best performance, even when a pragmatic complexity restriction is employed.
<i>Plantago ovata</i>seeds as dietary fibre supplement: physiological and metabolic effects in rats (1991)

In rats, the effects of a 4-week supplementation of a fibre-free elemental diet with 100 or 200 g Plantago ovata seeds/kg was compared with that of the husks and wheat bran. The seeds increased faecal fresh weight up to 100%, faecal dry weight up to 50% and faecal water content up to 50%. The husks, at the high concentration only, were more effective and wheat bran less effective. Length and weight of the small intestine were not greatly affected by the seeds, but both variables increased significantly in the large intestine. The husks had more pronounced effects, especially in the small intestine, and wheat bran almost no effect. Faecal bacterial mass as estimated from the 2,6-diaminopimelic acid output was increased to the greatest extent by the seed-containing diet and by the high concentration of husks, but to a lesser extent by wheat bran. Faecal and caecal protein content was enhanced by the seeds and wheat bran, but to a lesser extent by the husks. Total acetate in caecal contents or faeces was highest on the seeds and husks diet and not elevated by wheat bran. Total faecal bile acid excretion was stimulated and beta-glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31) activity reduced by both Plantago ovata preparations, but not by wheat bran. Mucosal digestive enzyme activities were inhibited to different degrees by all dietary fibres in the jejunum, and sometimes activated in the ileum. These results suggest that Plantago ovata seeds are a partly-fermentable dietary fibre supplement which increases stool bulk; metabolic and mucosa-protective effects are also probable.
Sensorless rotor-position detection from zero to rated speed for an integrated PM synchronous motor drive (1996)

By integrating the motor, the converter and the control circuits of electrical drives into one casing several advantages are obtained. The drive becomes compact, the amount of wiring is significantly reduced, and the control of the inverter and the motor can be designed to better utilize their respective characteristics. The paper presents an integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor drive (IPMSM) using complete digital control. The control includes a simple sensorless estimation of the rotor position both at standstill and at rotation. The algorithm for the initial rotor position detection is based on the saliency of the rotor at no load and it provides both the location as well as the direction of the magnetization. At rotation the rotor position is estimated by a predictor-corrector-based observer. The integrated concept makes it simple to include accurate values of the machine parameters.
Vigilance and defensive behavior of Asiatic wild asses (2008)

Vigilance and defensive behavior of Asiatic wild asses(Equus hemionus hemionus) was documented at the June to December 2004 and March to July 2006 using instantaneous scanning along the Sino-Mongolia border, Darhanmaoming Banner, Baotou (N 44°36′-46°00′, E 88°30′- 90°03′) and the Natione Natural Preserve of Asiatic Wild Asses, Wulate Haloxylon Ammodendron (N 41°50′- 42°27′, E 106°15′- 108°00′), Inner Mongolia, China. We documented 132 instances of behavior. Eight types of defensive behaviors associated with 16 kinds of body posture were recognized, including alert and searching, alarm, hesitation, threatening, escape, protecting young, emotionally inducement, and fighting between groups. We examined gender differences of daytime time allocation of vigilance behavior using an independent t-test males spent more time in vigilance behavior than females. All group members delivered warning signals by posture, movement and vocalizing.Escape was the primary way to avoid enemy’s attacks. Wild asses response distance was related to the type of vehicles that the researcher used, as well as vehicle velocity. We put forward a model describing the relationship between the response distance of Asiatic wild asses and the velocity of a threat. We also observed fierce fighting and attacking behavior within a group which led to the death of a sub-adult male.
Aging and heart failure. (1994)

The prevalence of heart failure increases as individuals age. The causes of heart failure in the older adult are essentially the same as in the general adult population. However, clinical presentation is altered in older adults because symptoms and physical findings may not be those classically described and taught. This article addresses the pathophysiology and clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and therapy of heart failure in the older adult.
A placebo controlled trial of two dosages of LPC antagonist--choline in the management of bronchial asthma. (1997)

The present study was conducted to compare choline with a placebo for its dose-effect relationship in management of bronchial asthma. Three groups: Group A: taking placebo (sorbitol), Group B: low dose choline (500 mg TDS), and Group C: high dose choline (1000 mg TDS) were assessed after a trial of four months. A decrease in symptoms score and increase in percent asymptomatic days was observed in all the three groups but was statistically significant only in the groups taking choline (Group B and C). Further, it was more significant in the group taking higher dose of choline (Group C). Average drug-requirement decreased in all the three groups but was significant only in the high dose choline group (Group C) Specific airway conductance (SGaw) at FRC and RV improved significantly only in group taking higher dose of choline (Group C), while no significant change in percent fall in SGaw at RV was observed in any group. It is, thus, concluded that choline is a useful prophylactic drug in the management of bronchial asthma. The improvement was more significant at a higher dose. Further studies are required to establish optimal dose of choline in the management of bronchial asthma.
<title>Dynamically tuned vibratory micromechanical gyroscope accelerometer</title> (1997)

A comb driving vibratory micro-gyroscope, which utilizes the dynamically tunable resonant modes for a higher rate- sensitivity without an accelerational error, has been developed and analyzed. The surface micromachining technology is used to fabricate the gyroscope having a vibrating part of 400 X 600 micrometers with 6 mask process, and the poly-silicon structural layer is deposited by LPCVD at 625 degrees C. The gyroscope and the interface electronics housed in a hermetically sealed vacuum package for low vibrational damping condition. This gyroscope is designed to be driven in parallel to the substrate by electrostatic forces and subject to coriolis forces along vertically, with a folded beam structure. In this scheme, the resonant frequency of the driving mode is located below than that of the sensing mode, so it is possible to adjust the sensing mode with a negative stiffness effect by applying inter-plate voltage to tune the vibration modes for a higher rate-sensitivity. Unfortunately, this micromechanical vibratory gyroscope is also sensitive to vertical acceleration force, especially in the case of a low stiffness of the vibrating structure for detecting a very small coriolis force. In this study, we distinguished the rate output and the accelerational error by phase sensitivity synchronous demodulator and devised a feedback loop to maintain resonant frequency of the vertical sensing mode by varying the inter-plate tuning voltage according to the accelerational output. Therefore, this gyroscope has a high rate-sensitivity without an acceleration error, and also can be used for a resonant accelerometer. This gyroscope was tested on the rotational rate table at the separation of 50(Hz) resonant frequencies by dynamically tuning feedback loop. Also self-sustained oscillating loop is used to apply dc 2(V) + ac 30(mVpk) driving voltage to the drive electrodes. The characteristics of the gyroscope at 0.1 (deg/sec) resolution, 50 (Hz) bandwidth, and 1.3 (mV/deg/sec) sensitivity.
MRSVP: A Reservation Protocol for an Integrated Services Packet Network with Mobile Hosts (1997)

This paper describes a reservation protocol to provide real-time services to mobile users in an Integrated Services Packet Network. The mobility of hosts has a significant impact on the quality of service provided to a real-time application. The currently proposed network system architecture and mechanisms to provide real-time services to fixed hosts are inadequate to accommodate the mobile hosts which can frequently change their point of attachments to the fixed network. Mobile hosts may experience wide variations of quality of service due to mobility. Therefore, a new real-time service architecture is necessary to accommodate mobile hosts which can tolerate variations in QoS and those which want mobility independent service guarantees in the same network. To obtain mobility independent service guarantees, a mobile host needs to make resource reservations at all locations it may visit during the lifetime of the connection. The currently proposed reservation protocol in the Internet, RSVP, is not adequate to make such reservations for mobile hosts. In this paper, we describe a new reservation protocol, MRSVP, for supporting Integrated Services in mobile networks.
Vacuum plasma spraying of tantalum and niobium (1985)

Vacuum plasma spraying is a suitable process for producing high quality coatings of reactive metals such as tantalum and niobium. Ta and Nb coatings used for corrosion protection must be extremely dense, homogeneous, and of high purity and adhesion. Hence, the process parameters have to be carefully optimized even with regard to the spraying powder, its grain size and morphology. Spraying equipment with vacuum systems which allow for a final pressure of 10−3 mbar, which have heated and evacuated powder feeder units, and heated substrates, as well as the use of powders with high purity and low gas content, are required for producing high quality Ta and Nb coatings. Corrosion tests in sulfuric acid and aqua regia at different concentrations show that Ta and Nb coatings sprayed under optimized conditions have high resistance to both general and localized corrosion.
Controlled depolymerization of cellulose by light-driven lytic polysaccharide oxygenases (2020)

Lytic polysaccharide (mono)oxygenases (LPMOs) perform oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides, and are key enzymes in biomass processing and the global carbon cycle. It has been shown that LPMO reactions may be driven by light, using photosynthetic pigments or photocatalysts, but the mechanism behind this highly attractive catalytic route remains unknown. Here, prompted by the discovery that LPMOs catalyze a peroxygenase reaction more efficiently than a monooxygenase reaction, we revisit these light-driven systems, using an LPMO from Streptomyces coelicolor (ScAA10C) as model cellulolytic enzyme. By using coupled enzymatic assays, we show that H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> is produced and necessary for efficient light-driven activity of ScAA10C. Importantly, this activity is achieved without addition of reducing agents and proportional to the light intensity. Overall, the results highlight the importance of controlling fluxes of reactive oxygen species in LPMO reactions and demonstrate the feasibility of light-driven, tunable enzymatic peroxygenation to degrade recalcitrant polysaccharides.
Quantitative temporal proteomic analysis of human embryonic stem cell differentiation into oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (2011)

Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are glial cells of the central nervous system, which produce myelin. Cultured OLs provide immense therapeutic opportunities for treating a variety of neurological conditions. One of the most promising sources for such therapies is human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) as well as providing a model to study human OL development. For these purposes, an investigation of proteome level changes is critical for understanding the process of OL differentiation. In this report, an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic approach was used to study multiple steps during OL differentiation including neural progenitor cells, glial progenitor cells and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) compared to undifferentiated ESCs. Using a 1% false discovery rate cutoff, ∼3145 proteins were quantitated and several demonstrated progressive stage-specific expression. Proteins such as transferrin, neural cell adhesion molecule 1, apolipoprotein E and wingless-related MMTV integration site 5A showed increased expression from the neural progenitor cell to the OPC stage. Several proteins that have demonstrated evidence or been suspected in OL maturation were also found upregulated in OPCs including fatty acid-binding protein 4, THBS1, bone morphogenetic protein 1, CRYAB, transferrin, tenascin C, COL3A1, TGFBI and EPB41L3. Thus, by providing the first extensive proteomic profiling of human ESC differentiation into OPCs, this study provides many novel proteins that are potentially involved in OL development.