gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Capacity and Rate Capability of Carbon Nanotube Based Anodes with Titanium Contacts for Lithium Ion Batteries (2010)

Carbon nanotubes are being considered for adoption in lithium ion batteries as both a current collector support for high-capacity active materials (replacing traditional metal foils) and as free-standing electrodes where they simultaneously store lithium ions. The necessity to establish good electrical contact to these novel electrode designs is critical for success. In this work, application of nickel and titanium as both separable and thin film electrical contacts to free-standing single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) electrodes is shown to dramatically enhance both the reversible lithium ion capacity and rate capability in comparison with stainless steel. Scanning electron microscopy showed that evaporation of Ni and Ti can effectively coat the SWCNT bundles in a bulk electrode which is capable of providing an improved electrical contact. A thin film of titanium emerged as the preferred electrical contact promoting the highest capacity ever measured for a SWCNT free-standing electrode of 1250 mAh/g. In addition, the titanium contacting approach demonstrated a 5-fold improvement in lithium ion capacity at extraction rates greater than 1C for a high-energy density Ge-SWCNT electrode. The overall performance improvement with Ti contacts is attributed to a lower contact resistance, nanoscale "wetting" of SWCNT bundles to improve contact uniformity, and effective electron coupling between Ti and SWCNTs due to work function-energy level alignment. The experimental results provide the basis for a Ragone analysis (power vs energy parameters), whereby Ge-SWCNT-Ti anodes paired with a LiFePO(4) cathode can lead to a 60% improvement over conventional graphite anodes in both power and energy density for a complete battery.
[Construction of recombinant adenovirus expressing Ag85B of Mycobacterium bovis and its cellular immunoproperties in mice]. (2010)

The recombinant adenovirus rAd-Ag85B can induce specific Th1 cell immune responses in mice.
Evaluation of the dermatomal somatosensory evoked potential in the diagnosis of lumbo-sacral root compression. (1987)

The dermatomal somatosensory evoked potential from the lumbo-sacral dermatomes was recorded from 21 patients with radiographically and surgically (20) proven lumbo-sacral root compression due to prolapsed intervertebral disc or canal stenosis. The potential was abnormal in 19 of the 20 surgically proven cases. The dermatomal somatosensory evoked potential is as accurate as myelography for diagnosis but has the advantage of being non-invasive and repeatable. It provides useful additional diagnostic and pathophysiological information about lumbo-sacral root compression.
Facial Color Management for Mobile Health in the Wild (2016)

Nowadays, mobile technologies have changed the patient routine health care and management. With a large amount of mobile health applications developed, massive and valuable health data are possibly collected with a smart mobile phone in hand. Facial color images are recently proved to be available and effective for health condition diagnosis both in modern medicine and ancient medicine perspectives. One significant issue of facial color health condition diagnosis system is color management, in which its primary procedure is to obtain reliable and device-independent facial color images in the wild. The solution is known as utilizing color correction technology to recover the intrinsic color properties of facial skin. However, current color correction approaches are hard to meet the need of mobile health management in the wild, due to some limitations of precision-challenged algorithm, inconvenient color imaging device, strong scenario assumption and so forth. Therefore, in this paper, we consider several facial skin color characteristics and show that it is valuable to build facial color related correction model for facial color images in the wild. Then we propose two kinds of facial color correction strategies to realize the facial color management of mobile health in the wild. The first one is reference-based approach, and the other one is skin-based approach without requirement of colorchecker. Experimental results with qualitative and quantitative assessments on the indoor and outdoor scenarios demonstrate that the proposed reference-based approach is more outstanding than our previous method and other color constancy methods. In addition, given a facial color image only, the skin-based method can still achieve effective results compared with other color constancy methods.
Dysregulation of gene expression in the R6/2 model of polyglutamine disease: parallel changes in muscle and brain (2002)

Previous analyses of gene expression in a mouse model of Huntington's disease (R6/2) indicated that an N-terminal fragment of mutant huntingtin causes downregulation of striatal signaling genes and particularly those normally induced by cAMP and retinoic acid. The present study expands the regional and temporal scope of this previous work by assessing whether similar changes occur in other brain regions affected in Huntington's disease and other polyglutamine diseases and by discerning whether gene expression changes precede the appearance of disease signs. Oligonucleotide microarrays were employed to survey the expression of approximately 11,000 mRNAs in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and striatum of symptomatic R6/2 mice. The number and nature of gene expression changes were similar among these three regions, influenced as expected by regional differences in baseline gene expression. Time-course studies revealed that mRNA changes could only reliably be detected after 4 weeks of age, coincident with development of early pathologic and behavioral changes in these animals. In addition, we discovered that skeletal muscle is also a target of polyglutamine-related perturbations in gene expression, showing changes in mRNAs that are dysregulated in brain and also muscle-specific mRNAs. The complete dataset is available at www.neumetrix.info.
Safety breakthrough: Reduced exposure mining system (REMS). Special pub (1994)

We measured blood pressure at rest and during exercise in nine weight lifters using anabolic steroids, 10 weight lifters not using these drugs, and 10 sedentary controls. BP was measured using standard sphygmomanometry and an appropriately sized cuff. Maximal treadmill tests and leg press exercise were conducted in random order on separate days. Systolic blood pressure in the anabolic steroid users was higher at rest and during both forms of exercise. Diastolic blood pressure during exercise was also higher in the anabolic steroid users than in the other two groups. The maximal systolic and diastolic blood pressure change from rest to exercise was not different among the groups, suggesting that the higher exercise pressure in the drug users was primarily due to higher resting values. Body weight and biceps circumference were greatest in the anabolic steroid users. Adjusting rest and exercise blood pressure for body weight or biceps size eliminated statistically significant differences between groups, but had little impact on the absolute group differences. We conclude that the higher rest and exercise blood pressure values noted in anabolic steroid users may be related to their larger body mass or may be an artifact of the larger arm circumference in these subjects. Other factors may also be operative, however, because blood pressure remained nonsignificantly higher even after body weight and biceps size were adjusted for statistically.
Stress Induced Voids in Aluminum Interconnects During IC Processing (1985)

Voids in the aluminum metallization of integrated circuits can be created under certain device fabrication conditions. The formation and characteristics of these defects have been studied in detail. It is found that the density and size of the metal voids have a strong functional dependence on the compressive stress of the passivation film. The study shows that metal voids occur in a wide class of Al systems, including E-beam evaporated pure Al, and those sputtered with Si and Si-Cu. Physical characterization, quantification of stress relationships, grain size dependence, temperature stability, and the effect of the metal voids on electromigration are discussed.
Single quantum well GaAs/AlGaAs separate confinement heterostructure lasers with <i>n</i>-type modulation doped cores (1992)

Separate confinement heterostructure single quantum well GaAs/AlGaAs lasers with n-type modulation doped active regions are studied. Quantum well absorption is significantly modified by n-type modulation doping. The effects of modulation doping on transparency current density and threshold current density are determined. Modulation doping is shown to reduce transparency current density, thereby also reducing threshold current density. Threshold current densities are reduced by 30%, to values of less than 150 A/cm2 for long cavities. The effects on distributed loss and differential gain are also reported. No degradation of laser performance is observed due to the location of the electrical junction away from the active region or due to free carrier absorption loss. Heavily modulation doped structures lase on the second quantized state.
Synergistic Effects of an Irreversible DNA Polymerase Inhibitor and DNA Damaging Agents on HeLa Cells (2017)

DNA repair is vital to maintaining genome integrity but thwarts the effects of cytotoxic agents that target nucleic acids. Consequently, repair enzymes are potential targets for molecules that modulate cell function and anticancer therapeutics. DNA polymerase β (Pol β) is an attractive target because it plays a key role in base excision repair (BER), a primary pathway that repairs the effects of many DNA damaging agents. We previously identified an irreversible inhibitor of Pol β whose design was based upon a DNA lesion that inactivates Pol β and its back up BER enzyme, DNA polymerase λ (Pol λ). Using this molecule as a starting point, we characterized an irreversible inhibitor (13) of Pol β (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.4 μM) and Pol λ (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.25 μM) from a 130-member library of candidates that is ∼50-fold more effective against Pol β. Pro-13 (5 μM) is only slightly cytotoxic to human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) but potentiates the cytotoxicity of methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). DNA isolated from HeLa cells treated with MMS contains a ∼3-fold greater amount of abasic sites when pro-13 is present, consistent with inhibition of DNA repair. Proinhibitor pro-13 continues to induce cytotoxicity in DNA damaged cells following MMS removal. HeLa cell cytotoxicity is increased ∼100-fold following an 8 h incubation with pro-13 after cells were originally subjected to conditions under which 20% of the cells survive and reproduce. The potentiation of MMS cytotoxicity by pro-13 is greater than any previously reported BER enzyme repair inhibitor.
Two-photon single-cell optogenetic control of neuronal activity by sculpted light (2010)

Recent advances in optogenetic techniques have generated new tools for controlling neuronal activity, with a wide range of neuroscience applications. The most commonly used approach has been the optical activation of the light-gated ion channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). However, targeted single-cell-level optogenetic activation with temporal precessions comparable to the spike timing remained challenging. Here we report fast (< or = 1 ms), selective, and targeted control of neuronal activity with single-cell resolution in hippocampal slices. Using temporally focused laser pulses (TEFO) for which the axial beam profile can be controlled independently of its lateral distribution, large numbers of channels on individual neurons can be excited simultaneously, leading to strong (up to 15 mV) and fast (< or = 1 ms) depolarizations. Furthermore, we demonstrated selective activation of cellular compartments, such as dendrites and large presynaptic terminals, at depths up to 150 microm. The demonstrated spatiotemporal resolution and the selectivity provided by TEFO allow manipulation of neuronal activity, with a large number of applications in studies of neuronal microcircuit function in vitro and in vivo.
[The study on methylation of gene IGSF4 promoter in acute leukemia cells]. (2004)

To study whether gene IGSF4 was inactived by methylation in leukocytic cells, expression of IGSF4 was examined before and after treatment with demethylating agent in U937, Molt4 and HL-60 leukemia cell lines by means of RT-PCR. The methylation of promoter in U937, Molt4 and HL-60 cells as well as 21 acute leukemia patients was analyzed by MS-PCR. The results showed that methylation of IGSF4 promoter was inactived and could be reversed by treatment with a demethylating agent in U937, Molt4 and HL-60 cell. IGSF4 promoter methylation was detected in 57.1% of acute leukemia patients. There is no difference in incidence of IGSF4 promoter methylation between acute myelocytic leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia. In conclusion, IGSF4 is frequently inactived in acute leukemia and is a good candidate for the leukemia suppressor gene. As a normal suppressor gene, it may play an important role in inhibiting the development of leukemia, and the methylation of gene IGSF4 may be a good index in monitoring relapse of leukemia.
Room temperature bonding for packaging CMOS image sensors; direct sapphire ceramic sealing (2017)

In this paper, we demonstrated the use of a novel bonding technology to manufacture sapphire-ceramic package for CMOS image sensor devices. The package must be reliable enough to be used in the space science missions: it must provide protection from external environment during on-ground testing, storage and use. Environmental and hermeticity tests were performed to evaluate the package quality. Especially the moisture inside the package was observed since it could interrupt the function of an image sensor. Robust packages are also needed in other applications such as medical implants, military and telecoms. The study showed that presented bonding technology can be applied for bonding sapphire to ceramic. Moisture levels of only one tenth of what is commonly detected in the stressed image sensor packages were detected in the manufactured packages. It was shown that package design is robust and varying environmental conditions have no influence on the bonding seams or the device functionality.
Induction of the Cdk inhibitor p21 by LY83583 inhibits tumor cell proliferation in a p53-independent manner (2002)

Nonstandard abbreviations used: human diploid fibroblast (HDF); 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinequinone (LY83583); LY83583 (LY); mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs); elongation factor 1 (ELF1); soluble guanylate cyclase 3 (sGC-3); quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR); crossing point (CP); propidium iodide (PI); sodium nitroprusside (SNP); senescence-associated -galactosidase (SA--gal); bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU); soluble guanylate cyclase
Development of Dynamic, Contex-Driven Help Systems (1993)

This thesis develops a methodology to identify and employ elements of the user's context in the help system architecture, thereby improving the response provided by the online help system. Typical online help system structures are static, providing a pre-programmed response to a specific assistance request and are not effected by the dynamics of the user or the task being attempted. A dynamic, context driven help system has been developed that uses user- and system-based components of the working environment to influence the system access and presentation strategies. The provided response is tailored specifically to the user, based on the user's level of experience and help system command history; and specifically to the situation, based on the task being attempted. The resulting online system provides a more flexible interface that can serve the needs of all types of users and can evolve as the user's skill with the application grows. The dynamic, context-driven help system methodology is explained through design and implementation of a prototype help system for an interactive software environment. TAE+ Help is a help component designed to assist users of the Transportable Application Environment Plus (TAE+). It is initiated separately from TAE+ but runs concurrently in the XWindows environment. When the user requests assistance, TAE+ Help initiates a dialogue with the user, collecting situational environmental information and employs these dynamics in the help system access process.... Dynamic, Context- based help systems, Dynamic help systems, Context-based help systems, Online help systems, Help systems, Computer-aided instruction.
A combination of topic models with max-margin learning for relation detection (2011)

This paper proposes a novel application of a supervised topic model to do entity relation detection (ERD). We adapt Maximum Entropy Discriminant Latent Dirichlet Allocation (MEDLDA) with mixed membership for relation detection. The ERD task is reformulated to fit into the topic modeling framework. Our approach combines the benefits of both, maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) and max-margin estimation (MME), and the mixed membership formulation enables the system to incorporate heterogeneous features. We incorporate different features into the system and perform experiments on the ACE 2005 corpus. Our approach achieves better overall performance for precision, recall and Fmeasure metrics as compared to SVM-based and LLDA-based models. 1
Celecoxib vs Prednisone for the Treatment of Withdrawal Headache in Patients With Medication Overuse Headache: A Randomized, Double‐Blind Clinical Trial (2015)

During withdrawal in MOH, in order to reduce headache days or rescue medication intake, using either of celecoxib or prednisone as a bridge is not different.
Genes for Bacillus megaterium small, acid-soluble spore proteins: cloning and nucleotide sequence of three additional genes from this multigene family (1986)

Three genes coding for small, acid-soluble spore proteins (SASP) were cloned from Bacillus megaterium, using previously cloned B. megaterium SASP genes (SASP-C and -C-3) as DNA-DNA hybridization probes. One gene (SASP-A) codes for the A protein, a previously identified major SASP. The other two (termed genes for SASP-C-4 and -C-5) are extremely similar in much of their nucleotide sequence to the previously cloned B. megaterium SASP-C-2 gene. The proteins coded for by all these SASP genes had extensive sequence homology with each other and with those coded for by the B. megaterium SASP-C, -C-1, -C-2, and -C-3 genes. Their coding sequences are preceded by strong ribosome-binding sites and are followed by regions of dyad symmetry which presumably are transcription stop sites. The SASP-A, -C-4, and -C-5 genes are expressed in parallel during sporulation, and their transcription start points were localized by the size of the mRNAs produced. The sequences localized 10 and 35 base pairs upstream from the transcription start points show significant homology with the analogous regions of the SASP-C, -C-1, -C-2, and -C-3 genes. The identification of seven closely related SASP genes in B. megaterium indicates that the SASP are the products of a very extensive multigene family.
Oral ketamine is antinociceptive in the rat formalin test: role of the metabolite, norketamine (1999)

The present study was designed to evaluate the oral efficacy and bioavailability of ketamine. Antinociceptive efficacy was determined with the rat formalin test and oral bioavailability by the measurement of plasma and brain concentrations of ketamine and its major metabolite, norketamine. Oral ketamine in a dose range from 30 to 180 mg/kg or saline was given prior to intraplantar formalin and the flinching behavior was measured. Oral ketamine dose-dependently reduced the flinching during phase 2, while flinching during phase 1 was reduced only with the highest dose given. Following oral ketamine at 100 mg/kg, blood and brain samples were obtained and plasma and brain ketamine and norketamine levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The average concentration ratio of norketamine/ketamine, as expressed by the area under the curve (AUC) value, was 6.4 for plasma and 2.9 for brain. These results demonstrate that a significant amount of norketamine is formed by first pass biotransformation of ketamine and is distributed to the brain. Competition binding assays for the [3H]MK-801-labeled non-competitive site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA) receptor revealed that both norketamine and ketamine displaced [3H]MK-801 at low micromolar concentrations with Ki values of 2.5 and 0.3 mM in the forebrain, and 4.2 and 1.0 mM in the spinal cord, respectively. Spinal norketamine was approximately equipotent to ketamine in producing antinociceptive effects during phase 2 of the formalin test. Thus, norketamine appears to contribute to the antinociceptive effects of oral ketamine through its NMDA receptor antagonist activity.
Is captopril effective in primary pulmonary hypertension?. (1982)

Several vasodilating agents have been used for the treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). However, no effective therapy is currently available for this distressful disease. We tried to use an angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, for one woman suffering from PPH. Her initial treatment with furosemide, digoxin and spironolactone had shown little effect. Further administration of captopril improved her clinical condition from NYHA IV to II and made it possible to treat her at our out-clinic. No adverse effect has been found. We would like to appreciate captopril as one of the effective drugs in the treatment of PPH.
Increasing the Discharge Rate Capability of Lithium-Ion Cells with Laser-Structured Graphite Anodes: Modeling and Simulation (2018)

A physical-chemical model is suggested, which is able to describe the enhanced discharge rate capability of lithium-ion cells by using laser-structured graphite anodes. Recently published test data of coin cells comprising unstructured and structured graphite anodes with LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 cathodes is used for the presented purpose of modeling, simulation and validation. To minimize computational demand, a homogenized three-dimensional model of a representative hole structure is developed, accounting for charge and mass transport throughout the cell layers and one-dimensional diffusion within radial-symmetric particles. First, a standard pseudo-two-dimensional model is calibrated against rate capability test data of coin cells with unstructured anodes. The calibrated parameter set is transferred to the three-dimensional model in order to simulate the transient voltage response and the discharged capacity depending on the applied C-rate. The simulation data shows excellent agreement with experimental data for both cell types. Three stages of rate capability enhancement are identified showing an improved relative capacity retention of 11-24% at 3C. Experimental and simulation data reveal a restricted C-rate window, which can be positively affected by the structuring process, whereas both shape and pattern of the structuring process can be further optimized with the model.