gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Auto-Keras: An Efficient Neural Architecture Search System (2018)

Neural architecture search (NAS) has been proposed to automatically tune deep neural networks, but existing search algorithms, e.g., NASNet, PNAS, usually suffer from expensive computational cost. Network morphism, which keeps the functionality of a neural network while changing its neural architecture, could be helpful for NAS by enabling more efficient training during the search. In this paper, we propose a novel framework enabling Bayesian optimization to guide the network morphism for efficient neural architecture search. The framework develops a neural network kernel and a tree-structured acquisition function optimization algorithm to efficiently explores the search space. Intensive experiments on real-world benchmark datasets have been done to demonstrate the superior performance of the developed framework over the state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, we build an open-source AutoML system based on our method, namely Auto-Keras. The system runs in parallel on CPU and GPU, with an adaptive search strategy for different GPU memory limits.
Prehistoric Plant Communities (1988)

Our knowledge of past landscapes is drawn from a number of different sources. Primarily we rely upon assemblages of carbonised and charred seeds recovered from excavations of settlement sites of different periods. Alternatively pollen grains preserved in acid soil conditions, usually peat bogs, allow us to identify vegetation through time even down to individual plants. The third source, no Iess significant but unfortunately much rarer, are waterlogged deposits were normally biodegradable material survives virtually intact in the anaerobic conditions. While important, this last category, by definition, argues that they are untypical of the broad picture of the dry landscape representing as they do wet sites with the attendant flora of such zones. Similarly pollen grains recovered from cores taken from peat bogs can only give a generalised picture since their arrival in the peat is subject to a number of vagaries both of the individual plants and the changing weather patterns. Even more careful and precise sampling from such cores, along with improved dating systems, allow great insight not only into the plant communities, whence the pollen originated, but also the prevailing climate at those specific times. Plants, perhaps more than any other indicator, are sensitive to climate variation and change.
Three‐dimensional wideband electromagnetic modeling on massively parallel computers (1996)

A method is presented for modeling the wideband, frequency domain electromagnetic (EM) response of a three‐dimensional (3‐D) earth to dipole sources operating at frequencies where EM diffusion dominates the response (less than 100 kHz) up into the range where propagation dominates (greater than 10 MHz). The scheme employs the modified form of the vector Helmholtz equation for the scattered electric fields to model variations in electrical conductivity, dielectric permitivity and magnetic permeability. The use of the modified form of the Helmholtz equation allows for perfectly matched layer ( PML) absorbing boundary conditions to be employed through the use of complex grid stretching. Applying the finite difference operator to the modified Helmholtz equation produces a linear system of equations for which the matrix is sparse and complex symmetrical. The solution is obtained using either the biconjugate gradient (BICG) or quasi‐minimum residual (QMR) methods with preconditioning; in general we employ the QMR method with Jacobi scaling preconditioning due to stability. In order to simulate larger, more realistic models than has been previously possible, the scheme has been modified to run on massively parallel (MP) computer architectures. Execution on the 1840‐processor Intel Paragon has indicated a maximum model size of 280 × 260 × 200 cells with a maximum flop rate of 14.7 Gflops. Three different geologic models are simulated to demonstrate the use of the code for frequencies ranging from 100 Hz to 30 MHz and for different source types and polarizations. The simulations show that the scheme is correctly able to model the air‐earth interface and the jump in the electric and magnetic fields normal to discontinuities. For frequencies greater than 10 MHz, complex grid stretching must be employed to incorporate absorbing boundaries while below this normal (real) grid stretching can be employed.
Small-Signal Model-Based Control Strategy for Balancing Individual DC Capacitor Voltages in Cascade Multilevel Inverter-Based STATCOM (2009)

This paper presents a new feedback control strategy for balancing individual DC capacitor voltages in a three-phase cascade multilevel inverter-based static synchronous compensator. The design of the control strategy is based on the detailed small-signal model. The key part of the proposed controller is a compensator to cancel the variation parts in the model. The controller can balance individual DC capacitor voltages when H-bridges run with different switching patterns and have parameter variations. It has two advantages: 1) the controller can work well in all operation modes (the capacitive mode, the inductive mode, and the standby mode) and 2) the impact of the individual DC voltage controller on the voltage quality is small. Simulation results and experimental results verify the performance of the controller.
Digital detection and feedback fluxgate magnetometer (1996)

A new full Earth's field dynamic feedback fluxgate magnetometer is described. It is based entirely on digital signal processing and digital feedback control, thereby replacing the classical second harmonic tuned analogue electronics by processor algorithms. Discrete mathematical cross-correlation routines and substantial oversampling reduce the noise to 71 pT root-mean-square in a 0.25 - 10 Hz bandwidth for a full Earth's field range instrument.
Birefringent Fourier-transform imaging spectrometer (2004)

Fourier-transform imaging spectrometers offer important advantages over other spectral imaging modalities, such as, a wider free spectral range, higher spectral resolutions and, in low-photon-flux conditions, higher signal-to-noise ratios can be achieved. Unfortunately, for application in harsh environments, deployment of Fourier-transform instruments based on traditional moving-mirror interferometers is problematic due to their inherent sensitivity to vibration. We describe a new Fourier-transform imaging spectrometer, based on a scanning birefringent interferometer. This system retains the advantages of traditional Fourier transform instruments, but is inherently compact and insensitive to vibration. Furthermore, the precision requirements of the movement can be relaxed by typically two orders of magnitude in comparison to a traditional two-beam interferometer. The instrument promises to enable application of Fourier-transform imaging spectrometry to applications, such as airborne reconnaissance and industrial inspection, for the first time. Example spectral images are presented.
Super Large Grain Polycrystalline Silicon Obtained from Pyrolysis of Si<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> and Annealing (1990)

Polycrystalline silicon films on SiO 2 are formed by Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition from disilane at 450°C and subsequent annealing at 600°C. Homogeneity performances of the deposition are given, which compares with those of Si deposition from SiH 4 . The structure of the polysilicon material obtained after annealing is shown. The resulting grain size is much larger than the one that could be obtained by Si deposition from SiH 4 and annealing. An optical evaluation of the film is given, confirming the potential of Si 2 H 6 for the fabrication of high field effect mobility thin film transistors.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of [Me<sub>4</sub>N]<sub>2</sub> [a<sup>2</sup>‐B<sub>20</sub>H<sub>16</sub>(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>] (II) and trans‐B<sub>20</sub>H<sub>16</sub>(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> (III) from [Me<sub>3</sub>NH][cis‐B<sub>20</sub>H<sub>17</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>] and Their Structural Characterization. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Learning the Structure of Design within Constraints of Architectural Technologies (1974)

Harold S. Hill, Learning the Structure of Design within Constraints of Architectural Technologies, Journal of Architectural Education (1947-1974), Vol. 28, No. 1/2, Part 2. 1974 AIA/ACSA Teacher's Seminar Pedagogical Catalog (1974), pp. 51-54
Increased calcium influx in dystrophic muscle. (1991)

We examined pathways which might result in the elevated resting free calcium [( Ca2+]i) levels observed in dystrophic mouse (mdx) skeletal muscle fibers and myotubes and human Duchenne muscular dystrophy myotubes. We found that mdx fibers, loaded with the calcium indicator fura-2, were less able to regulate [Ca2+]i levels in the region near the sarcolemma. Increased calcium influx or decreased efflux could lead to elevated [Ca2+]i levels. Calcium transient decay times were identical in normal and mdx fibers if resting [Ca2+]i levels were similar, suggesting that calcium-sequestering mechanisms are not altered in dystrophic muscle, but are slowed by the higher resting [Ca2+]i. The defect appears to be specific for calcium since resting free sodium levels and sodium influx rates in the absence of Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity were identical in normal and dystrophic cells when measured with sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate. Calcium leak channels, whose opening probabilities (Po) were voltage independent, could be the major calcium influx pathway at rest. We have shown previously that calcium leak channel Po is significantly higher in dystrophic myotubes. These leak channels were selective for calcium over sodium under physiological conditions. Agents that increased leak channel activity also increased [Ca2+]i in fibers and myotubes. These results suggest that increased calcium influx, as a result of increased leak channel activity, could result in the elevated [Ca2+]i in dystrophic muscle.
Micro-opto-mechanical vibration sensor integrated on silicon (1999)

A new micro-optical vibration sensor has been achieved by combining "integrated optics" and "micromachining" on silicon technologies. The high sensitivity and the wide frequency range have been obtained by using a multimode section in the optical detection circuit. Three prototypes have been installed successfully in an industrial hydroelectric power plant.
Ultrasound-based robot position estimation (1997)

A novel 3-D ultrasound position sensor provides low-cost, high-precision measurements of the Cartesian position of a robot wrist within a the robot's workspace. These measurements can, for instance, be used in a taskspace feedback loop to reduce the kinematic error. The basic idea is to mount ultrasound senders on the manipulator wrist and compute the 3-D Cartesian position of these sensors using 1-D range measurements between the senders and an array of ultrasound receivers at fixed, known locations. The main obstacle to precise range measurements is the presence of air turbulences and convection currents. This gives rise to noise which is spatially and temporally correlated. A stochastic model of this noise is presented and backed by experiments. It is proposed that the changing 3-D Cartesian position of the moving wrist is tracked by the sensor using a modified extended Kalman filter which incorporates the stochastic noise model and information derived from a static reference sender.
Stereo Video Coding System with Hybrid Coding Based on Joint Prediction Scheme (2005)

Stereo video systems require double bandwidth and more than twice the computational complexity relative to mono-video systems. Thus, an efficient coding scheme is necessary for transmitting stereo video. We propose a novel stereo video coding system by exploiting a joint prediction scheme which combines three prediction schemes to achieve high coding efficiency and low computational complexity. Joint block compensation improves the visual quality. Motion vector prediction and mode pre-decision utilize the features of stereo video to reduce the computational complexity with up to 8-9 times acceleration. Experiments show that the proposed joint prediction scheme is 2 dB better than MPEG-4 TS and 3 dB better than MPEG-4 SP.
Iliac biopsy for histomorphometric analysis of trabecular bone in cynomolgus monkeys and baboons. (1987)

A humane, repeatable surgical technique was developed to harvest trabecular bone for histomorphometry from nonhuman primates. Using a direct surgical approach to the iliac crest, bone specimens with a mean cross sectional area of trabecular bone plus marrow (AT) of 12.02 and 18.07 mm2 were harvested from cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) and baboons (Papio anubis) respectively. The method provides bone samples with little artifact or bone dust contamination, and easy orientation and reproducibility of the plane of section. None of the cynomolgus monkeys were affected adversely by the surgery, but the baboons were quieter than normal for 12-24 hours afterward. The technique offers excellent biopsy specimens, repeatability and a minimum of stress to the subjects.
Abalone (<i>Haliotis tuberculata</i>) hemocyanin type 1 (HtH1) (1999)

We have identified two separate hemocyanin types (HtH1 and HtH2) in the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata. HtH1/HtH2 hybrid molecules were not found. By selective dissociation of HtH2 we isolated HtH1 which, as revealed by electron microscopy and SDS/PAGE, is present as didecamers of a approximately 400 kDa subunit. Immunologically, HtH1 and HtH2 correspond to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)1 and KLH2, respectively, the two well-studied hemocyanin types of the closely related marine gastropod Megathura crenulata. On the basis of limited proteolytic cleavage, two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis, SDS/PAGE and N-terminal sequencing, we identified eight different 40-60 kDa functional units in HtH1, termed HtH1-a to HtH1-h, and determined their linear arrangement within the elongated subunit. From Haliotis mantle tissue, rich in hemocyanin-producing pore cells, we isolated mRNA and constructed a cDNA library. By expression screening with HtH-specific rabbit antibodies, a cDNA clone was isolated and sequenced which codes for the three C-terminal functional units f, g and h of HtH1. Their sequences were aligned to those available from other molluscs, notably to functional unit f and functional unit g from the cephalopod Octopus dofleini. HtH1-f, which is the first sequenced functional unit of type f from a gastropod hemocyanin, corresponds to functional unit f from Octopus. Also functional unit g from Haliotis and Octopus correspond to each other. HtH1-h is a gastropod hemocyanin functional unit type which is absent in cephalopods and has not been sequenced previously. It exhibits a unique tail extension of approximately 95 amino acids, which is lacking in functional units a to g and aligns with a published peptide sequence of 48 amino acids from functional unit h of Helix pomatia hemocyanin. The new Haliotis sequences are discussed with respect to their counterparts in Octopus, the 15 A three-dimensional reconstruction of the KLH1 didecamer from electron micrographs, and the recent 2.3 A X-ray structure of functional unit g from Octopus hemocyanin.
Specific inhibition of eIF-5A and collagen hydroxylation by a single agent. Antiproliferative and fibrosuppressive effects on smooth muscle cells from human coronary arteries. (1995)

Restenosis occurs in 35% of patients within months after balloon angioplasty, due to a fibroproliferative response to vascular injury. These studies describe a combined fibrosuppressive/antiproliferative strategy on smooth muscle cells cultured from human primary atherosclerotic and restenotic coronary arteries and from normal rat aortas. L-Mimosine suppressed the posttranslational hydroxylation of the precursors for collagen and for eukaryotic initiation factor-5A (eIF-5A) by directly inhibiting the specific protein hydroxylases involved, prolyl 4-hydroxylase (E.C. 1.14.11.2) and deoxyhypusyl hydroxylase (E.C. 1.14.99.29), respectively. Inhibition of deoxyhypusyl hydroxylation correlated with a dose-dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis. Inhibition of prolyl hydroxylation caused a dose-dependent reduction in the secretion of hydroxyproline-containing protein and decreased the formation of procollagen types I and III. The antifibroproliferative action could not be attributed to nonspecific or toxic effects of mimosine, appeared to be selective for the hydroxylation step in the biosynthesis of the procollagens and of eIF-5A, and was reversible upon removal of the compound. The strategy of targeting these two protein hydroxylases has important implications for the pathophysiology of restenosis and for the development of agents to control fibroproliferative diseases.
Coagulation and Magnetic Deinking of Waste Office Paper Using Kerosene. (2002)

Recently, a new method for deinking waste officer paper by magnetic separation after hetero-coagulation of magnetic and non-magnetic toner has been reported. The selection of flocculants which can produce large and strong coagulates is very important to reject toner coagulates effectively in this method. 1-octadecanol whose melting point is 60 °C is used in their report. Coagulation was carried out at 70 °C and then the 1-octadecanol liquid was cooled to make strong solid coagulates. Although high toner liberation must also be achieved before magnetic separation to obtain high deinking and paper recovery, no investigations on liberation methods were done in that report. A paper disintegration method using kerosene was reported in our previous paper, and it was shown that almost 100 % of toner liberation could be attained. As kerosene has ability to soften toner, strong coagulates may be produced by that adhesion when used as a flocculant. In this study, the size of liberated toner by the kerosene disintegration method has been investigated, and the bonding strength between toner particles by adding kerosene as a flocculant has been compared with that by 1-octadecanol. After these investigations, coagulating and deinking properties of kerosene and that of 1-octadecanol have been compared by rejecting toner coagulates with a NdB magnet. From the results, close to 100 % of deinking can be expected with little paper loss even in room temperature because large and strong coagulates can be produced by the use of kerosene as a flocculant. When kerosene was used in the disintegration and coagulation stages, the average coagulate size was 1114um and 98.4 % of deinking was attained by separation with the NdB magnet.
Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Conditions Due to a Gain of Function of Coagulation Proteins: A Special Type of Clotting Disorders (2017)

Coagulation disorders can be classified into 2 types, namely, type I and type II. In the former, there is a concomitant decrease in factor activity and antigen (activity-antigen ratio is 1), whereas in the latter, there is a discrepancy between factor activity which is always low and antigen which is normal or near normal (activity-antigen ratio is <1, eg, 0.5). Recently, several gain-of-function disorders have been described. These are characterized by an increased activity with respect to the antigen level. The condition involves polymorphisms of factor V and factor II, factor IX, von Willebrand disease, thrombomodulin, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, and thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor. The conditions could be subdivided into prothrombotic and prohemorrhagic. They should also be distinguished as cases of true gain of function (intrinsic increase activity without concomitant increase in protein level) and of "pseudo" gain of function (increase in both activity and protein level). This is a new concept of coagulation defects that has considerably enhanced our knowledge of blood coagulation and that should be familiar to all those interested in the mechanism of blood clotting and its disorders.
Efficacy of Cefazolin in Promoting Ovine Tracheal Epithelial Repair (1994)

Inhalation of toxic materials has been shown injurious to the upper airways. Because secondary infection can slow the repair process, we undertook this study to determine the efficacy of antibiotic therapy in promoting the healing process of acute tracheal wounds. In 18 anesthetized sheep, a portion of the cervical trachea was exposed to smoke from smoldering cotton cooled to 38 degrees C. Nine received the broad-spectrum antibiotic, cefazolin, while none received saline placebo. At 13 days after injury, nonciliated and ciliated cell counts were 75% and 33% respectively of noninjured trachea receiving placebo, while in those receiving cefazolin, nonciliated and ciliated cell counts increased to 93% and 114% of paired noninjured trachea, respectively. We suggest that cefazolin therapy allows cell proliferation and differentiation to proceed more rapidly than observed with placebo therapy and thus may be a helpful augmentor to the healing of an acute airway injury.
Gene‐Based Multiclass Cancer Diagnosis with Class‐Selective Rejections (2009)

Supervised learning of microarray data is receiving much attention in recent years. Multiclass cancer diagnosis, based on selected gene profiles, are used as adjunct of clinical diagnosis. However, supervised diagnosis may hinder patient care, add expense or confound a result. To avoid this misleading, a multiclass cancer diagnosis with class-selective rejection is proposed. It rejects some patients from one, some, or all classes in order to ensure a higher reliability while reducing time and expense costs. Moreover, this classifier takes into account asymmetric penalties dependent on each class and on each wrong or partially correct decision. It is based on nu-1-SVM coupled with its regularization path and minimizes a general loss function defined in the class-selective rejection scheme. The state of art multiclass algorithms can be considered as a particular case of the proposed algorithm where the number of decisions is given by the classes and the loss function is defined by the Bayesian risk. Two experiments are carried out in the Bayesian and the class selective rejection frameworks. Five genes selected datasets are used to assess the performance of the proposed method. Results are discussed and accuracies are compared with those computed by the Naive Bayes, Nearest Neighbor, Linear Perceptron, Multilayer Perceptron, and Support Vector Machines classifiers.
Precision Fire Hazard Divisions for Collective Forest in Southern China (2012)

This paper focuses on how to build the model of precision fire hazard divisions in the level of forest resources sub-compartment.Based on 3D GIS technology and characteristics of forest fires in collective forest of southern China,this study utilized Lin’an City,Zhejiang Province as the experimental area.Forest fire factors were divided into 11 indexes from the three categories(social and economic factors,forestry characteristics,and meteorological characteristics) and weighted for analysis.Next,three eigenvectors(one for each category) were created to build a nonlinear mathematical model called precision fire hazard divisions for forests.Then,the model was used to optimize and test forest fire hazard divisions with the least squares.Results showed that experimental and theoretical values of error were less than 0.1. Thus,in the experimental area this model and the fire occurrence history matched.