gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VirtualMesh: an emulation framework for wireless mesh and ad hoc networks in OMNeT++ (2010)

Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have proven to be a key technology for increased network coverage of Internet infrastructures. The development process for new WMN protocols and architectures is typically split into evaluation by network simulation and testing of a prototype in a test-bed. Testing in simulation often requires the developer to write software that is not directly portable to test-beds, whereas pure prototype testing on real hardware is time consuming and expensive. Irrepressible external interferences can occur, which make debugging difficult. Moreover, the test-bed usually supports only a limited number of test topologies and sites. Finally, mobility tests are impractical. Therefore, we propose VirtualMesh as a novel testing architecture, which can be used before evaluating in a real test-bed. It provides instruments to test the real communication software, including the network stack inside a controlled environment. VirtualMesh has been implemented by capturing real traffic through a virtual interface at the mesh nodes. The traffic is then redirected to the network simulator OMNeT++. In our experiments, VirtualMesh has proven to be scalable, to have minimal influence on throughput and to introduce only negligible delays (less than 0.4 ms per hop). Hence, it is a valuable tool for protocol and application developers to test their software prior to the final deployment.
Garment Image Retrieval on the Web with Ubiquitous Camera-Phone (2008)

Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) on the Web is an active research topic in recent years. However, a common problem for the content-based search is the difficulty for getting a query image, which dramatically limits the popularity of their application. The ubiquity of camera phones has opened up a new avenue for image-based mobile search and it also gives new challenges. In this paper, a domain-specific CBIR system on the Web with mobile camera-phone is proposed, which further extends our previous work on VAST system and focuses on the specific garment images. It makes full use of the camera-phone's ability that captures and views images anywhere. The key problems related to the wireless network and media characteristics, system usability and users expectations are depicted. The system architecture and flowchart are described also. Based on these, a prototype is implemented.
Web image clustering by consistent utilization of visual features and surrounding texts (2005)

Image clustering, an important technology for image processing, has been actively researched for a long period of time. Especially in recent years, with the explosive growth of the Web, image clustering has even been a critical technology to help users digest the large amount of online visual information. However, as far as we know, many previous works on image clustering only used either low-level visual features or surrounding texts, but rarely exploited these two kinds of information in the same framework. To tackle this problem, we proposed a novel method named consistent bipartite graph co-partitioning in this paper, which can cluster Web images based on the consistent fusion of the information contained in both low-level features and surrounding texts. In particular, we formulated it as a constrained multi-objective optimization problem, which can be efficiently solved by semi-definite programming (SDP). Experiments on a real-world Web image collection showed that our proposed method outperformed the methods only based on low-level features or surround texts.
Semi-analytical approach for performance evaluation of direct-detection OFDM optical communication systems (2009)

A semi-analytical method to evaluate the bit error ratio (BER) in direct-detection (DD) optical fibre transmission systems employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and optically pre-amplified receivers is proposed. The method considers a Gaussian approach for the signal at the equalizer output and allows evaluating accurately the BER of each OFDM subcarrier for the receiver structure considered and for practical optical and electrical filters shapes, being a powerful tool to perform the optimization of these systems. The results obtained by the proposed method have shown excellent agreement with Monte Carlo estimates for DD-OFDM ultra-wideband radio signals and for two different DD-OFDM signals proposed for long-haul systems.
Cancerostatic Action of Methylglyoxal (1968)

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The effect of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ?ecstasy?) and its metabolites on neurohypophysial hormone release from the isolated rat hypothalamus (2002)

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'ecstasy'), widely used as a recreational drug, can produce hyponatraemia. The possibility that this could result from stimulation of vasopressin by MDMA or one of its metabolites has been investigated in vitro. Release of both oxytocin and vasopressin from isolated hypothalami obtained from male Wistar rats was determined under basal conditions and following potassium (40 mM) stimulation. The results were compared with those obtained for basal and stimulated release in the presence of MDMA or metabolites in the dose range 1 microM to 100 pM (n=5 - 8) using Student's t-test with Dunnett's correction for multiple comparisons. All compounds tested affected neurohypophysial hormone release, HMMA (4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine) and DHA (3,4-dihydroxyamphetamine) being more active than MDMA, and DHMA (3,4-dihydroxymethamphetamine) being the least active. The effect on vasopressin release was greater than that on oxytocin. In the presence of HMMA the ratio test:control for basal release increased for vasopressin from 1.1+/-0.16 to 2.7+/-0.44 (s.e.m., P<0.05) at 10 nM and for oxytocin from 1.0+/-0.05 to 1.6+/-0.12 in the same hypothalami. For MDMA the ratio increased to 1.5+/-0.27 for vasopressin and to 1.28+/-0.04 for oxytocin for 10 nM. MDMA and its metabolites can stimulate both oxytocin and vasopressin release in vitro, the response being dose dependent for each drug with HMMA being the most potent.
Computation of the RCS of a turbulent plasma cylinder (2002)

Radar cross section (RCS) of plasma has been given much attention because it is of interest in target detection and discrimination. In this paper emphasis is put upon the computation of the RCS of the turbulent plasma cylinder. The cylinder is circular in shape and its radius may be different at different axial stations. The distributions of the electrical properties in the cylinder are assumed to be nonuniform both radially and axially. The theoretical model, called the distorted Born approximation, is discussed. It takes into account the effects on the propagation of the EM wave of not only random scattering, depolarization but also the mean (nonrandom) plasma. The computation is carried out for two plasma cylinders in which the electrical properties distribution are taken directly from other computations concerning the rocket plume. The effects of the aspect angle and the frequency of the wave on the RCS are also evaluated.
CD34 facilitates the development of allergic asthma (2007)

Abstract Asthma is a pulmonary inflammatory disease dependent on eosinophil and mast cell infiltration into the lung. CD34 is a sialomucin expressed by both of these cell types, and we have used CD34−/− mice and a standard mouse model of asthma to evaluate the importance of CD34 expression on disease development. In comparison with wild-type (wt) mice, CD34−/− mice exhibited a dramatic reduction in all hallmarks of allergic asthma, including lowered airway inflammatory cell infiltration, airway hyperresponsiveness, and mast-cell recruitment. Bone marrow transplantation experiments confirmed that these defects are due to CD34 expression by bone marrow–derived cells. This was not, however, due to an inability to respond to antigen as, on a per cell basis, wt and CD34−/− inflammatory cells exhibit identical responses in cytokine production. We found a striking reduction in mobility of CD34−/− eosinophils in vitro, the major component of inflammatory infiltrates, which was consistent with proposed models for CD34 as an inhibitor of cell-cell adhesion. In summary, our data suggest that CD34 enhances mast-cell and eosinophil invasiveness and that its expression by these cells is a prerequisite for development of allergic asthma.
SACK-Expanded Hair Follicle Stem Cells Display Asymmetric Nuclear Lgr5 Expression With Non-Random Sister Chromatid Segregation (2011)

We investigated the properties of clonally-expanded mouse hair follicle stem cells (HF-SCs) in culture. The expansion method, suppression of asymmetric cell kinetics (SACK), is non-toxic and reversible, allowing evaluation of the cells' asymmetric production of differentiating progeny cells. A tight association was discovered between non-random sister chromatid segregation, a unique property of distributed stem cells (DSCs), like HF-SCs, and a recently described biomarker, Lgr5. We found that nuclear Lgr5 expression was limited to the HF-SC sister of asymmetric self-renewal divisions that retained non-randomly co-segregated chromosomes, which contain the oldest cellular DNA strands, called immortal DNA strands. This pattern-specific Lgr5 association poses a potential highly specific new biomarker for delineation of DSCs. The expanded HF-SCs also maintained the ability to make differentiated hair follicle cells spontaneously, as well as under conditions that induced cell differentiation. In future human cell studies, this capability would improve skin grafts and hair replacement therapies.
Newly Developed Optical Fiber Line Testing System Employing Bi-Directional OTDRs for PON and In-Service Line Testing Criteria (2007)

A passive optical network (PON) that provides fiber to the home (FTTH) services is a fundamental access network topology in Japan. An optical fiber line monitoring and testing system is essential if we are to improve service reliability and reduce the maintenance costs of optical access networks. PONs have optical splitters in their optical fiber lines. It is difficult to find a fault in an optical fiber line equipped with an optical splitter by using a conventional optical fiber line testing system, which uses optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) in a central office (CO), because Rayleigh backscattering from the branched fibers accumulates in the OTDR trace. This paper describes a newly developed optical fiber line testing method that employs bi-directional OTDRs with two wavelengths at branched fiber regions in a PON to locate a fault precisely. Optical fiber line testing is conducted by two OTDRs that are installed in a CO and on a customer's premises, respectively. The OTDR in the CO has a U-band maintenance wavelength. We present two kinds of maintenance wavelength allocation for OTDRs on a customer's premises, which are in the U-band and C-band respectively. An OTDR whose maintenance wavelength is in the U-band enables us to test in-service PON lines simply by filtering the U-band wavelength. For the maintenance wavelengths in the C-band, we can use a cost-effective conventional OTDR to test the PON from the customer's premises on condition that we clarify the peak pulse power limit and dynamic range. We describe the test procedures for both cases. We also clarify the insertion loss design for an optical filter in the CO when using the U-band to provide the maintenance wavelength and the criteria for in-service line testing when the using C-band to provide the maintenance wavelength. To confirm the feasibility of our approach, we demonstrate a bi-directional OTDR method using the U-band and the C-band, and the test procedure, which successfully detected fault locations in branched fiber regions. We also describe the use of packet loss measurements to investigate the effect of in-service line testing with an OTDR in the C-band on data communication quality.
Radiation Dosimetry Using Three-dimensional Optical Random Access Memories (2002)

The ability to determine particle type and energy plays an important role in the dosimetry of heavy charged particles (HCP) and neutrons. A new approach to radiation dosimetry is presented, which is shown to be capable of particle type and energy discrimination. This method is based on utilising radiation induced changes in the digital information stored on three-dimensional optical random access memories (3D ORAM). 3D ORAM is a small cube (a few mm3) composed of poly(methyl methacrylate) doped with a photochromic dye. and it was originally proposed as a memory device in high speed parallel computers. A Nd:YAG laser system is used to write and read binary information (bits) on the ORAM, which functions as a charged particle detector. Both the read and the write processes use two laser beams that simultaneously strike the material to cause a colour change at their intersection (similar to the darkening of light-sensitive sunglasses when exposed to sunlight.) The laser produces colour changes in the ORAM, which then reverts to the original colour ('bit-flips') at sites where energy is deposited from interaction with incident HCP or neutron-recoil protons. The feasibility of this approach was demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally. Calculations based on track structure theory (TST) predict that when HCP interact with the ORAM material, the local energy deposition is capable of inducing measurable 'bit-flips'. These predictions were recently confirmed experimentally using two types of ORAM systems, one based on spirobenzopyran and the other on anthracene, as the photochromic dyes.
Expanding the Role of CAR-T Cell Therapy to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2020)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder resulting from autoantibodies produced by B-cell derived plasma cells. Clinical presentation ranges from mild skin rash to multiorgan failure. Regardless of the clinical presentation or severity of the disease, patients with SLE often require life-long treatment. Current treatment recommendations for SLE include hydroxychloroquine, glucocorticoids, immunomodulatory agents, cyclophosphamide, and biologic agents. Despite availability of these agents, the condition of some patients with SLE progressively worsens. With limited treatment options, new and novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Given the active role of B cells in the pathophysiology of SLE, they present an attractive target for therapies evolving in the oncology field. Amongst these, immune effector cell therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, have proven beneficial in targeting B cells. The eradication of B cells, along with the potential for T cell persistence, has resulted in prolonged remission or stable disease. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology of SLE; current treatment options, including monoclonal antibodies targeting cluster of differentiation-20 (CD20), CD22, and B cell-activating factor (BAFF); and explores why and how immune effector cell therapies may prove a promising therapeutic option for this patient population, particularly for individuals with refractory disease. Clinical implications from currently approved U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) agents for haematologic malignancies are discussed and provide insight into considerations for applying this therapy to the patient population with SLE in the context of clinical trials.
Link protein cDNA sequence reveals a tandemly repeated protein structure. (1986)

Link protein stabilizes the cartilage proteoglycan/hyaluronic acid aggregate by binding to both components. We screened a cDNA library prepared from rat chondrosarcoma mRNA in the lambda gt11 expression vector with monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal antisera to link protein. We obtained a clone for two-thirds of the link protein cDNA and identified it based on its deduced amino acid sequence. There are four RNA transcripts for link protein, ranging from 1.5 to 5.5 kilobases in size. The deduced amino acid sequence for link protein shows two domains of 100 residues each, which share 44% homology; within each domain is a 19-residue stretch 74% homologous with its counterpart. This structure indicates that link protein may have been formed by gene duplication.
Multichannel surface EMG based estimation of bilateral hand kinematics during movements at multiple degrees of freedom (2010)

The paper proposes a method to estimate wrist kinematics from surface EMG signals for proportional and simultaneous control of multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs). The approach is based on the concurrent detection of surface EMG signals from forearm muscles and hand kinematics of both limbs during mirrored bilateral movements in free space which involve the simultaneous activation of wrist flexion/extension, radial/ulnar deviation and forearm pronation/supination. The estimation was based on one multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network for each DOF. The three MLPs were trained to estimate angular displacements corresponding to the three DOFs. The average coefficient of determination between the true and the predicted angular displacement was 82.7 ± 2.9% (80.9 ± 3.4%) for flexion/extension, 75.0 ± 3.8% (72.6 ± 9.4%) for radial/ulnar deviation, 76.6 ± 11.8% (75.1 ± 11.7%) for pronation/supination for the ipsi-lateral (contra-lateral) hand. The scheme represents a step forward towards the simultaneous control of DOFs and thus a more natural prosthetic control.
SDET: A Semantic Data Enrichment Tool Application to Geographical Databases (2006)

Abstract. The success of information systems relies on their capabilities to provide users with the relevant information they need, when they need it. Meeting these requirements will result in improving response times and decision-making processes. Geographic information system (GIS) is one instance of such systems where data are usually relative to a specific application. To extend this dataset, we propose an approach to enrich the geographical database (GDB). This enrichment is carried out by adding knowledge extracted from web documents to the descriptive data of the GDB. The knowledge extraction process is performed by generating summaries from a corpus of on-line documents. This summarization is done in a distributed fashion by using a set of cooperating agents.
Microbiota and host immune responses: a love–hate relationship (2015)

A complex relationship between the microbiota and the host emerges early at birth and continues throughout life. The microbiota includes the prokaryotes, viruses and eukaryotes living among us, all of which interact to different extents with various organs and tissues in the body, including the immune system. Although the microbiota is most dense in the lower intestine, its influence on host immunity extends beyond the gastrointestinal tract. These interactions with the immune system operate through the actions of various microbial structures and metabolites, with outcomes ranging from beneficial to deleterious for the host. These differential outcomes are dictated by host factors, environment, and the type of microbes or products present in a specific ecosystem. It is also becoming clear that the microbes are in turn affected and respond to the host immune system. Disruption of this complex dialogue between host and microbiota can lead to immune pathologies such as inflammatory bowel diseases, diabetes and obesity. This review will discuss recent advances regarding the ways in which the host immune system and microbiota interact and communicate with one another.
호텔업의 부문별 업적평가시스템의 관한 대리모형분석과 실증적 연구 (1993)

When the hotel owner, general manager(top manager) and divisional manager are viewd as the principal-agent relationship in decentralized firm, agency costs from the divergence of interests between top manager and divisional managers can be reduced by performance evaluation which involves risk-sharing and motivation. Therefore, the objective of divisional performance evaluation system is minimization of agency costs in agency setting. In general, managers concentrate on the areas where their performance is measured in a relatively objective way and where their performance clearly affects their rewards. The design of performance evaluation system requires both the choice of the measures of performance and the choice of an incentive function which translates the measures into some type of evaluation or payoff. Under responsibility accounting .system, the incentive function based on divisional performance that divisional manager controls is used to diminish moral hazard of divisional managers through profit sharing between top manager and divisional managers. Thus, the purpose of this study is to design a new incentive system of hotel industries which would give rise to Pareto-improvement in agency model by partial harmonization of risk sharing and motivation, and to test empirically the efficiency of the system.
Toward identifying crack-length-related resonances in acoustic emission waveforms for structural health monitoring applications (2017)

In this study, we focus on analyzing the acoustic emission waveforms of the fatigue crack growth despite the conventional statistics-based analysis of acoustic emission. The acoustic emission monitoring technique is a well-known approach in the non-destructive evaluation/structural health monitoring research field. The growth of the fatigue crack causes the acoustic emission in the material that propagates in the structure. The acoustic emission happens not only from the crack growth but also from the interaction of the crack tips during the fatigue loading in the structure. The acoustic emission waveforms are generated from the acoustic emission events; they propagate and create local vibration modes along the crack faces (crack resonance). In-situ fatigue and acoustic emission experiments were conducted to monitor the acoustic emission waveforms from the fatigue cracks. Several test specimens were used in the fatigue experiments, and corresponding acoustic emission waveforms were captured. The acoustic emission waveforms were analyzed and distinguished into three types based on the similar nature in both time and frequency domains. Three-dimensional harmonic finite element analyses were performed to identify the local vibration modes. The local crack resonance phenomenon has been observed from the finite element simulation that could potentially give the geometric information of the crack. The laser Doppler vibrometry experiment was performed to identify the crack resonance phenomenon, and the experimental results were used to verify the simulated results.
Highly efficient individually addressable diode lasers at 830 nm grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy (2001)

Over 55% power efficiency in 830 nm wavelength range has been demonstrated for four-element individually addressable laser diode mini-arrays. Diodes performance indicates excellent uniformity, repeatability and quality of epi-wafers grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy (SS MBE). Slope efficiencies of as high as 1.33 W/A and over 1.7 W CW optical outputs at 1.5 A driving current have been achieved from each of the four 55 mm wide aperture diodes constituting the mini-arrays.