gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Special Session: Energy Bridge? LNG Projects: Technological Innovation to Date and Into the Future (2006)

Introduction The use of a number of proven technologies in a new application, that of the Energy Bridge Regasification Vessel (EBRV) and the Gulf Gateway Energy Bridge?, has allowed the development of a promising, innovative means of introducing new sources of natural gas supply into the U.S. infrastructure while providing a high degreeof safety, reliability, function and market flexibility. This paper will address the technological innovation and application for the Energy Bridge? concept through discussion of the individual proven technologies currently available aboard the EBRV and the Gulf Gateway Energy Bridge? and those technologies that may be developed in the future. Executive Summary In January of 2005, history was made when Excelerate Energy chartered the world's first Energy Bridge Regasification Vessel from her owner's, a subsidiary of Exmar N.V. of Belgium. The EBRV, named Excelsior, was built by Daewoo Shipyard and Marine Engineering in the Republic of South Korea. The EBRV was delivered with the capability of loading a cargo of 138,000 m3 of liquefied natural gas (LNG) at any loading facility in the world and delivering it to traditional LNG receiving terminals in the Atlantic and Pacific basin markets, as typical of conventional LNG carriers, but more significantly, the EBRV could also deliver the cargoat Energy Bridge? receiving facilities as vaporized natural gas through the use of the on-board regasification and offloading system. This, in effect, makes the EBRV a portable, floating, LNG storage, regasification and natural gas delivery system with through-put capabilities similar to many medium sized shore-based LNG receiving terminals. Figure 1. The Excelsior departing builders yard in Korea.(available in fullpaper) The counterpart of the EBRV is the Energy Bridge? Deep Water Port (receiving facility) of which there is currently only one in operation worldwide, Gulf Gateway Energy Bridge, located 116 miles offshore in the Gulf of Mexico. The Port, licensed by the U.S. Department of Transportation, functions as the offshore mooring system for the EBRV and the natural gas delivery system for the EBRV to deliver regasified LNG into existing pipeline infrastructures which transport the natural gas to downstream markets ashore in the United States. Gulf Gateway Energy Bridge (GGEB) is the second Deep Water Port (DWP) to be licensed by the U.S. Department of Transportation1 and is the first offshore natural gas receiving facility of any kind in the world. The driving impetus for the development of GGEB was the Deep Water Port Act (DWPA) of 1974, as amended in 2002, as a knock-on result of the 9/11 terrorist attacks. The U.S. Congress enacted legislation amending the DWPA as a response to fears that land-based LNG receiving facilities, some of which were located near 1 The first Deep Water Port was licensed in 1974, known as the Louisiana Offshore Oil Port (LOOP), and remains in operation today.
Damage Mapping of Powdery Mildew in Winter Wheat with High-Resolution Satellite Image (2014)

Powdery mildew, caused by the fungus Blumeria graminis, is a major winter wheat disease in China. Accurate delineation of powdery mildew infestations is necessary for site-specific disease management. In this study, high-resolution multispectral imagery of a 25 km2 typical outbreak site in Shaanxi, China, taken by a newly-launched satellite, SPOT-6, was analyzed for mapping powdery mildew disease. Two regions with high representation were selected for conducting a field survey of powdery mildew. Three supervised classification methods—artificial neural network, mahalanobis distance, and maximum likelihood classifier—were implemented and compared for their performance on disease detection. The accuracy assessment showed that the ANN has the highest overall accuracy of 89%, following by MD and MLC with overall accuracies of 84% and 79%, respectively. These results indicated that the high-resolution multispectral imagery with proper classification techniques incorporated with the field investigation can be a useful tool for mapping powdery mildew in winter wheat.
Video Transmission over Telephone Cable Pairs by Pulse Code Modulation (1960)

An experimental seven digit pulse code modulation (PCM) system has been built for the transmission of monochrome and color television signals over seven pairs of 22-gauge exchange area telephone cable, installed in the laboratory. A beam coding tube converts the signal to seven parallel digits of a binary Gray code at a 10 mc rate. All circuits except the coding tube deflection amplifier are transistorized. The coded digits are sent over the cable in parallel formn with alternate groups converted to complements of the coded signal, thus substantially removing the low frequency component. This makes it possible to use simple repeaters without special compensation for duty factor variation. A repeater group is used after every 3000 foot section of cable. One ten megabit repeater, consisting of an amplifier and blocking oscillator, is required for each digit. All seven digit repeaters are retimed with a common timing wave. At the decoding terminal, transmitted complements are restored to Gray code before translation to natural binary. A binary weighted resistance network decoder converts the signals to a quantized reproduction of the video signal. Good quality composite color and monochrome pictures are obtained with six digits. Seven digits are believed to be necessary for broadcast quality with some margins. Waveform photographs illustrate the various functions, and photographs of decoded pictures are shown.
Transient expression of the NR2C subunit of the NMDA receptor in developing rat brain (1993)

Pharmacologically distinct NMDA-glutamate receptor subtypes have been reported in brain. We have studied the developmental expression of the mRNA encoding the NMDA receptor NR2C subunit in the rat brain by in situ hybridization. In contrast with the adult where no hybridization signal was detected in the hippocampus, a significant signal was seen in this formation during a restricted developmental period (P7-P14). The labelling covered large parts of the hippocampus including in particular the stratum radiatum, pyramidal and oriens layers of the CA1 area. The role of the NR2C subunit in neonatal NMDA receptor properties is discussed.
An efficient software implementation of a variable rate modem (1995)

This paper describes the software implementation of the baseband portion of a variable rate modem. The modem can handle arbitrary symbol rates with a fixed input/output sample rate. This approach reduces hardware complexity related to external clock generation circuitry, offers complete flexibility in the selection of symbol rates, and conveniently accommodates symbol timing and symbol rate corrections.
Cloning and overexpression of a tyrosinase gene<i>mel</i>from<i>Pseudomonas maltophila</i> (2000)

The tyrosinase gene (mel), which is responsible for melanin formation, was isolated by shotgun cloning of SalI fragments of Pseudomonas maltophila DNA. A 0.7-kb SalI fragment in the recombinant plasmid pWSY8 imparted the ability to synthesize melanin to an Escherichia coli host HB101. The nucleotide sequence of this DNA fragment revealed an open reading frame of 504 bp, encoding a protein of 169 amino acids. The fragment containing the mel gene was then cloned into an expression plasmid pPAS1 under the control of a promoter isolated from the host, P. maltophilia AT18. This strain increased the melanin production by 70.6% compared with the strain HB101/pWSY8, in which the cloned mel gene was under the control of the lac promoter from the vector pUC18.
High performance buried heterostructure 1.55 μm wavelength AlGaInAs/InP multiple quantum well lasers grown entirely by MOVPE technique (2002)

The fabrication and characterization of a high quality buried heterostructure (BH) type 1.55 /spl mu/m wavelength strained AlGaInAs/InP MQW laser is reported. The lasers have low threshold current density (600 A/cm/sup 2/) for compressively strained MQW measured from a BH chip with cavity lengths of 545 /spl mu/m and 1.5 /spl mu/m wide. Low threshold current of less than 10 mA (2 mA with HR facets coated) is obtained. The differential modal gain of the AlGaInAs devices was also found to be superior to that of the conventional strained GaInAsP system.
Treatment of Hypertension With Calcium Antagonists and Aspirin Effects on 24-H Platelet Activity (1993)

The effects of calcium antagonists on platelets, and the effects of aspirin on the antihypertensive efficacy of calcium antagonists and on the 24-h platelet-activity profile were investigated in a double-blind study. Patients with essential hypertension were treated for 8 weeks with either nitrendipine (10 mg once daily) or isradipine (2.5 mg once daily). Aspirin (100 mg once daily) was added to both treatments for a further 8 weeks. Measurements were taken after placebo, after 8 weeks of active treatment, and after 8 weeks of treatment plus aspirin. Plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet aggregation (PA) were measured six times over 24 h. Isradipine and nitrendipine significantly lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The addition of aspirin had no effect on blood pressure. Platelet activity before treatment exhibited circadian variations with the lowest values of beta-TG and PA at 0530 h and the steepest increases between 0530 and 0900 h. Although both calcium antagonists decreased beta-TG levels (P < .05), the effect with isradipine was more pronounced than that with nitrendipine (P < .05). Aspirin added to nitrendipine produced a significant decrease in beta-TG levels whereas isradipine plus aspirin was accompanied by a partial increase in beta-TG. It is concluded that hypertensive patients exhibit circadian increases in platelet activity that can be prevented by either isradipine alone or by treatment with nitrendipine plus aspirin. Chronic aspirin intake at a daily dose of 100 mg does not affect calcium antagonist antihypertensive efficacy.
The effect of low-dose aspirin and dipyridamole upon atherosclerosis in the rabbit. (1981)

To examine the effect of antiplatelet therapy upon atherosclerosis in an animal model, aspirin and dipyridamole were administered to female New Zealand rabbits while they were fed a 2% cholesterol diet. Four experimental groups of 15 animals were established: Group I (Control), no medication; Group II, aspirin, 40 mg orally five days a week; Group III, dipyridamole, 25 mg orally five days a week; Group IV, aspirin and dipyridamole. After seven weeks, the animals were sacrificed and their aortas were removed and stained. Group means of the percentage of total aortic lumenal surface occupied by gross atheromata were calculated and statistically compared with the control group mean: Group I - 49%, Group II 36%, p = NS, Group III - 47%, Group IV - 25%, p less than .01. Histologic sections of each aorta confirmed the stained areas to be atheromata of varying complexity. The lesions in animals treated with dipyridamole alone exhibited a distinct increase in smooth muscle cell proliferation. For animals receiving a combination of aspirin and dipyridamole the lesions were smaller and less advanced than those in the control group. These findings indicate that experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits is modified by the administration of anti-platelet agents and that atheroma formation is significantly inhibited when aspirin and dipyridamole are given in combination.
Beiträge zur Chemie der Alkylverbindungen von Übergangsmetallen, XIX. Über Darstellung und Reaktionen des Cyclopentadienyl‐vanadin‐trichlorids (1976)

Abstract Das auf anderem Wege nur schwer in reiner Form darstellbare Cyclopentadienylvanadim‐trichlorid, C 5 H 5 VCl 3 , läßt sich einfach durch Umsetzung von C 5 H 5 V(CO) 4 bzw. (C 5 H5) 2 VCl 2 mit Thionylchlorid erhalten. — Versuche zur Gewinnung von σ‐Organoderivaten des C 5 H 5 VCl 3 blieben erfolglos.
Hamilton-Jacobi reachability: A brief overview and recent advances (2017)

Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) reachability analysis is an important formal verification method for guaranteeing performance and safety properties of dynamical systems; it has been applied to many small-scale systems in the past decade. Its advantages include compatibility with general nonlinear system dynamics, formal treatment of bounded disturbances, and the availability of well-developed numerical tools. The main challenge is addressing its exponential computational complexity with respect to the number of state variables. In this tutorial, we present an overview of basic HJ reachability theory and provide instructions for using the most recent numerical tools, including an efficient GPU-parallelized implementation of a Level Set Toolbox for computing reachable sets. In addition, we review some of the current work in high-dimensional HJ reachability to show how the dimensionality challenge can be alleviated via various general theoretical and application-specific insights.
Bone sialoprotein-coated femoral implants are osteoinductive but mechanically compromised (2004)

Aseptic loosening of femoral implants in total hip replacement remains an unsolved orthopaedic problem. This paper investigates the potential role of bone sialoprotein (BSP) in enhancing bone-implant adherence. As BSP is osteoinductive in rat calvarial models, we investigated whether BSP is similarly osteoinductive when coated onto intramedullary femoral implants. BSP-coated titanium implants were implanted into the femur of female `Wistar' rats (average weight 215 g) that were sacrificed at days 10, 20 and 30. Harvested femoral implants were subjected to pullout testing and then examined histologically. BSP-coated implants demonstrate osteoinduction when examined histologically. Plugging the femoral canal with BSP prior to inserting the implant neither increased implant pullout strengths nor further increased osteoblastic activity. This study has demonstrated for the first time that BSP is osteoinductive when coated onto femoral implants and inserted into bones subjected to mechanical loading. However, we found that pullout strengths are a function of implant surface topographical characteristics and are not affected by BSP coating or histological osteoinduction.
An organic thin-film transistor of high mobility by dielectric surface modification with organic molecule (2004)

Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) based on pentacene semiconductor are elaborated on the plastic substrates through a four-level mask process without photolithographic patterning to yield a simple fabrication process. Octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS) as an organic molecule for self-assembled monolayers is deposited on the surface of zirconium oxide dielectric layer. The effect of OTMS interlayer with gate dielectric surface modification on the field effect mobility of OTFTs has been examined and these prototype organic transistors showed excellent electrical characteristics with field effect mobility &gt;0.66cm2∕Vs and Ion∕Ioff&gt;10.5
Long-Term Transgene Expression within the Anterior Pituitary Gland in Situ: Impact on Circulating Hormone Levels, Cellular and Antibody-Mediated Immune Responses (2001)

Adenoviral vectors have been identified as useful tools for gene transfer to the pituitary gland with the aim of providing therapeutic treatments for pituitary diseases. Although successful adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to the pituitary has been shown, the duration of transgene expression, local immune responses and consequences on circulating pituitary hormone levels have not been investigated. These are critical not only for the successful implementation of these gene transfer techniques both for physiological and/or therapeutic applications but also for assessing the safety of these approaches. We have therefore assessed duration and levels of transgene expression 3 days, 14 days, 1, 2, and 3 months after delivery of adenoviruses expressing herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV1-TK), under the control of the major immediate early human cytomegalovirus (RAd-hCMV/TK) or human PRL (RAd-hPrl/TK) promoters, to the anterior pituitary (AP) gland in situ. The presence of vector genome and cellular immune infiltrates within the AP gland were also studied along with the levels of circulating anti-adenovirus neutralizing antibodies and AP hormones in sera. Ubiquitous or cell-type specific expression of HSV1-TK within the AP gland was seen from RAd-hCMV/TK and RAd-hPrl/TK respectively at all time points, although a reduction in expression was seen over time. PCR amplification of HSV1-TK specific sequences showed the persistence of adenoviral genomes for up to 3 months. Analysis of the AP showed the presence of a virus-induced inflammation that peaked around day 14 and was resolved between 2-3 months. ED1-positive macrophages, CD8-positive T-cells and CD161-positive NK cells were identified up to 1 month after virus administration. A virus-induced humoral immune response was also present as anti-adenovirus neutralizing antibodies were detected from 14 days after virus administration. Levels of circulating pituitary hormones were unaffected by virus administration with the exception of the stress hormone ACTH which was increased at 3 days but normalized by 14 days. In conclusion, our data indicates that adenovirus-mediated delivery to the AP gland in situ may be a useful tool for the treatment of pituitary diseases as no major cytotoxicity or disruption of AP hormonal functions are seen. Despite of this, further developments to this approach still need to be made to combat the reduced transgene expression seen over time and the induction of virus-induced immune responses.
Managerial efficiency and management training: estimating the marginal productivity of management training in UK industry (1990)

An important, though much neglected aspect of quality management is improving the quality of the managers themselves. However, recent studies has shown there to be a dearth of management training in British industry. This paper summarizes managerial attitudes to training by depriving principal components of attitudinal statements. Human capital theory shows the marginal productivity of management training to be an important element in the decision to train. The paper attempts to estimate this and discuss problems associated with deriving such estimates.
Biochemical quantitation of the eIF5A hypusination in Arabidopsis thaliana uncovers ABA-dependent regulation (2014)

The eukaryotic translation elongation factor eIF5A is the only protein known to contain the unusual amino acid hypusine which is essential for its biological activity. This post-translational modification is achieved by the sequential action of the enzymes deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DOHH). The crucial molecular function of eIF5A during translation has been recently elucidated in yeast and it is expected to be fully conserved in every eukaryotic cell, however the functional description of this pathway in plants is still sparse. The genetic approaches with transgenic plants for either eIF5A overexpression or antisense have revealed some activities related to the control of cell death processes but the molecular details remain to be characterized. One important aspect of fully understanding this pathway is the biochemical description of the hypusine modification system. Here we have used recombinant eIF5A proteins either modified by hypusination or non-modified to establish a bi-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-E) profile for the three eIF5A protein isoforms and their hypusinated or unmodified proteoforms present in Arabidopsis thaliana. The combined use of the recombinant 2D-E profile together with 2D-E/western blot analysis from whole plant extracts has provided a quantitative approach to measure the hypusination status of eIF5A. We have used this information to demonstrate that treatment with the hormone abscisic acid produces an alteration of the hypusine modification system in Arabidopsis thaliana. Overall this study presents the first biochemical description of the post-translational modification of eIF5A by hypusination which will be functionally relevant for future studies related to the characterization of this pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Reconstruction of three-dimensional porous media using generative adversarial neural networks (2017)

To evaluate the variability of multiphase flow properties of porous media at the pore scale, it is necessary to acquire a number of representative samples of the void-solid structure. While modern x-ray computer tomography has made it possible to extract three-dimensional images of the pore space, assessment of the variability in the inherent material properties is often experimentally not feasible. We present a method to reconstruct the solid-void structure of porous media by applying a generative neural network that allows an implicit description of the probability distribution represented by three-dimensional image data sets. We show, by using an adversarial learning approach for neural networks, that this method of unsupervised learning is able to generate representative samples of porous media that honor their statistics. We successfully compare measures of pore morphology, such as the Euler characteristic, two-point statistics, and directional single-phase permeability of synthetic realizations with the calculated properties of a bead pack, Berea sandstone, and Ketton limestone. Results show that generative adversarial networks can be used to reconstruct high-resolution three-dimensional images of porous media at different scales that are representative of the morphology of the images used to train the neural network. The fully convolutional nature of the trained neural network allows the generation of large samples while maintaining computational efficiency. Compared to classical stochastic methods of image reconstruction, the implicit representation of the learned data distribution can be stored and reused to generate multiple realizations of the pore structure very rapidly.
Lactoferrin Inhibits the Endotoxin Interaction with CD14 by Competition with the Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein (1998)

Human lactoferrin (hLf), a glycoprotein released from neutrophil granules during inflammation, and the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP), an acute-phase serum protein, are known to bind to the lipid A of LPS. The LPS-binding sites are located in the N-terminal regions of both proteins, at amino acid residues 28 to 34 of hLf and 91 to 108 of LBP. Both of these proteins modulate endotoxin activities, but they possess biologically antagonistic properties. In this study, we have investigated the competition between hLf and recombinant human LBP (rhLBP) for the binding of Escherichia coli 055:B5 LPS to the differentiated monocytic THP-1 cell line. Our studies revealed that hLf prevented the rhLBP-mediated binding of LPS to the CD14 receptor on cells. Maximal inhibition of LPS-cell interactions by hLf was raised when both hLf and rhLBP were simultaneously added to LPS or when hLf and LPS were mixed with cells 30 min prior to the incubation with rhLBP. However, when hLf was added 30 min after the interaction of rhLBP with LPS, the binding of the rhLPS-LBP complex to CD14 could not be reversed. These observations indicate that hLf competes with rhLBP for the LPS binding and therefore interferes with the interaction of LPS with CD14. Furthermore, experiments involving competitive binding of the rhLBP-LPS complex to cells with two recombinant mutated hLfs show that in addition to residues 28 to 34, another basic cluster which contains residues 1 to 5 of hLf competes for the binding to LPS. Basic sequences homologous to residues 28 to 34 of hLf were evidenced on LPS-binding proteins such as LBP, bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein, and Limulus anti-LPS factor.