gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrical behavior of a 31-cm, thin-film YBaCuO superconducting microstrip (1989)

Electrical time domain measurements and transmission response measurements were made using a 31-cm-long, YBaCuO superconducting thin-film microstrip line and a YBaCuO ground plane, each on separate 1-cm LaGaO3 substrates, with a 125-μm sapphire substrate serving as the dielectric insulator. Degradation of the performance of the line for currents up to the critical-current density and for magnetic fields moderately above the lower critical magnetic field HC1 were evaluated in a variety of simple measurements. In addition, an evaluation of an optically switched segment of a superconducting microstrip line on a zirconia substrate is described. Direct evaluations of pulse distortion are not possible for these long serpentine lines on small substrates due to electromagnetic coupling between adjacent line segments. However, this coupling gives rise to distinctive transmission responses which may aid the evaluation of line performance.
Crucible Type Evaporation Source for Aluminum (1966)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation I. Ames, L. H. Kaplan, P. A. Roland; Crucible Type Evaporation Source for Aluminum. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 December 1966; 37 (12): 1737–1738. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1720104 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Analysis of a PWM AC to DC voltage source converter under predicted current control with fixed switching frequency (1990)

A detailed analysis of a pulse-width modulated AC-to-DC voltage source converter under the proposed predicted current control with a fixed switching frequency (PCFF) is presented. It includes a steady-state analysis, various dynamic response analyses and a high-frequency component analysis. The results show that the converter under the PCFF control has a fast dynamic response, ease of control, and a good switching pattern. The theoretical derivation is experimentally verified.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Tethered Bilayer Membranes Containing Ionic Reservoirs:  The Interfacial Capacitance (2001)

The use of polar linkers to tether lipid bilayer membranes to a gold substrate results in a hydrophilic layer between the membrane and the gold surface. The tethering of lipid bilayer membranes to gold substrates using tetraethylene glycol chains results in a polar layer between the membrane and the gold surface. This region may sequester ions and can act as a reservoir for ions transported across the tethered lipid membrane. In the present article, we report on the electrical properties of this ionic reservoir. In particular, the Stern model of ionic distribution is used to describe the interfacial capacitance. The model combines a surface adsorption layer (Helmholtz model) and a dynamic diffuse layer of ions (Gouy−Chapman model) to describe the interfacial capacitance. This model is used to interpret data from measurements of the interfacial capacitance obtained over a range of ionic species and concentrations. Four analogues of the sulfur−tetraethylene glycol tethers have been investigated. These studies show the effects of varying the structure of the linker group and of introducing a passivation layer adjacent to the gold. Studies were also made of the influence of spacer molecules included to vary the “in-plane” two-dimensional packing. The effect of applying a dc bias potential between an external reference electrode and the gold surface was also studied. These measurements were carried out using ac impedance spectroscopy on bilayers assembled using the method of Cornell et al.6 Most data are successfully modeled as a constant Helmholtz capacitance in series with a diffuse region capacitance that depends on ionic concentration. The dependence on ionic concentration has been modeled by the Gouy−Chapman formalism. At low ionic concentrations (<20 mM), the model becomes inadequate. Deviation from the model also occurs at higher concentrations for more tightly packed membranes, in the absence of tethered spacer molecules. According to the model at very low concentrations of electrolyte, the ionic Debye length intrudes into the hydrocarbon region of the bilayer, violating the Gouy−Chapman assumption of a uniform dielectric medium in the diffuse double layer. The Helmholtz capacitance is insensitive to potential and ionic concentration. This is consistent with Helmholtz capacitance being defined by a hard sphere distance of closest approach of the ions to the gold interface over the range of concentrations studied here. The model suggests that the application of a dc potential alters the permittivity of the diffuse region as a result of water and ions being transported into the reservoir. However, the effective relative permittivity in the reservoir region varies only from 27 to 54, suggesting the reservoir has properties more akin to a dense hydrated gel with restricted ionic mobility than to a bulk electrolyte.
Percutaneous Intramedullary Decompression, Curettage, and Grafting With Medical-Grade Calcium Sulfate Pellets for Unicameral Bone Cysts in Children (2005)

Several treatment options exist for unicameral bone cysts (UBCs), including observation, steroid injection, bone marrow injection, and curettage and bone grafting. These are all associated with high recurrence rates, persistence, and occasional complications. Newer techniques have been described, most with variable success and only short follow-up reported. Because of these factors, a new minimally invasive percutaneous technique was developed for the treatment of UBCs in children. Twenty-eight children with UBCs who underwent percutaneous intramedullary decompression, curettage, and grafting with medical-grade calcium sulfate (MGCS) pellets by the senior author (J.P.D.) between April 2000 and April 2003 were analyzed as part of a pediatric musculoskeletal tumor registry at a large tertiary children's hospital. Four patients were lost to follow-up, and the remaining 24 patients had an average follow-up of 21.9 months (range 4-48 months). Twelve patients were followed for at least 24 months. Six of the 24 children had received previous treatment of their UBC, most often at an outside institution. Follow-up was performed through clinical evaluation and radiographic review. Postoperative radiographs at most recent follow-up showed complete healing, defined as more than 95% opacification, in 22 of 24 patients (91.7%). One patient (4.2%) demonstrated partial healing, defined as 80% to 95% opacification. One patient had less than 80% radiographic healing (4.2%). All 24 patients returned to full activities and were asymptomatic at most recent follow-up. The only complication noted was a superficial suture abscess that occurred in one patient; this resolved with local treatment measures. The new minimally invasive technique of percutaneous intramedullary decompression, curettage, and grafting with MGCS pellets demonstrates favorable results with low complication and recurrence rates compared with conventional techniques. The role of intramedullary decompression as a part of this percutaneous technique is discussed.
A Study of Strain in Ion Implanted Silicon (1984)

Lattice strain in phosphorus ion implanted silicon has been investigated by the double crystal x-ray rocking curve measurements. The kinematical model for x-ray diffraction was applied to estimate lattice strain of silicon. It was found that the measured maximum strain is not dose-dependent for implanted dose range of 1 to 5 × 1016/cm2. The non-linearity of the relation between the measured maximum strain and the dose was explained by lattice disorder in the highly dosed samples. The dependancy of maximum strain on the annealing atmosphere (oxygen partial pressure in a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen) was also investigated and it was found that the maximum strain decreases as the oxygen partial pressure (O2/O2+N2) increases. In the case of nitrogen annealing, a relatively large lattice contraction coefficient β =3 × 10−24 cm3/atom was obtained. In the case of oxygen annealing, the lattice contraction coefficient was 1.9 × 10−24 cm3/atom.
Phase equalization for perpendicular recording (1982)

Evaluation of perpendicular recording has been hampered by the unique pulse shape resulting from the perpendicular magnetization and the ring head. In this paper an equalization technique is presented which will allow traditional peak sensing without any code constraint. The Hilbert transform relationship of the perpendicular and longitudinal sensitivity functions of the head is exploited in the filter design. The readback pulse is converted from the sensed bimodal pulse to a unimodal pulse via a phase adjustment. Minimal signal-to-noise degradation occurs with use of this filter, providing the best comparison of transition widths for perpendicular and longitudinal transitions. The phase equalized pulses are significantly narrower than those experienced with longitudinal systems under the same conditions. Both simulated and experimental results are presented.
On the Fluorescence of Atomic Silver in Glasses and Crystals (1949)

Metal atoms represent a group of fluorescence centers which have the advantage of known structure. Due to their neutrality, they are not affected very strongly by their environment. The following methods have been developed for producing atomic silver in glasses and crystals. 1. Thermal dissociation of silver oxide. 2. Reduction of silver ions by means of hydrogen. 3. Reduction of silver ions by electron bombardment. 4. Reduction of silver ions through exposure to x‐rays.
An Inhibition Test for Identifying the Neuraminidase Antigen on Influenza Viruses (1972)

The surface of the influenza virus possesses two virus-coded antigens, a hemagglutinin and a neuraminidase. An inhibition test is described for identification of the neuraminidase antigen. Used to illustrate the test were A/turkey/Ontario/7732/66 (Hav8 Nav4) influenza virus and antigenic hybrid viruses possessing the hemagglutinin or neuraminidase antigen of this virus. The study deals with the problem of steric inhibition of neuraminidase activity by antibodies to the hemagglutinin antigen and illustrates how this can be overcome with antisera to antigenic hybrid influenza viruses. Specific reference antisera to the separated hemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens of influenza viruses are required for unequivocal serological identification of these viruses.
Stress and Vascular Responses: Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Activator Protein-1 as Promising Therapeutic Targets of Vascular Remodeling (2003)

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38, play a central role in cellular responses by various stress stimuli such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, or gene expression. Furthermore, activator protein-1 (AP-1), a transcription factor which can be activated by MAP kinases, also is involved in a variety of celllar responses, as well as MAP kinases. MAP kinases and AP-1 are significantly activated in vascular tissues by hypertension, angiotensin II, or balloon injury. We have made dominant negative mutants of MAP kinases or c-Jun, to specifically inhibit in vivo activation of MAP kinases or AP-1. Vascular gene transfer of each dominant negative mutant of MAP kinases or c-Jun prevents intimal hyperplasia after balloon injury, which is associated with the inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation in the intima and the media and probably also associated with inhibition of smooth muscle cell migration. However, in vitro findings on cultured vascular smooth muscle cells suggest that the molecular mechanism underlying inhibition of intimal hyperplasia may be different among each dominant negative mutant of MAP kinases and c-Jun. MAP kinases and c-Jun seem to be the promising therapeutic target for vascular remodeling.
John Coleman on spectacle lane (2004)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsBelkis Cuza MaléTranslated by Alfred Mac Adam
Simple Broad-Range Magnetic Spectrometer (1961)

The focusing properties are given for a broad-range magnetic spectrometer formed by inclined plane pole faces.
Direct Ubiquitination of Pattern Recognition Receptor FLS2 Attenuates Plant Innate Immunity (2011)

Innate immune responses are triggered by the activation of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). The Arabidopsis PRR FLAGELLIN-SENSING 2 (FLS2) senses bacterial flagellin and initiates immune signaling through association with BAK1. The molecular mechanisms underlying the attenuation of FLS2 activation are largely unknown. We report that flagellin induces recruitment of two closely related U-box E3 ubiquitin ligases, PUB12 and PUB13, to FLS2 receptor complex in Arabidopsis. BAK1 phosphorylates PUB12 and PUB13 and is required for FLS2-PUB12/13 association. PUB12 and PUB13 polyubiquitinate FLS2 and promote flagellin-induced FLS2 degradation, and the pub12 and pub13 mutants displayed elevated immune responses to flagellin treatment. Our study has revealed a unique regulatory circuit of direct ubiquitination and turnover of FLS2 by BAK1-mediated phosphorylation and recruitment of specific E3 ligases for attenuation of immune signaling.
Improving the performance of distributed virtual environment systems (2005)

The last years have witnessed a dramatic growth in the number as well as in the variety of distributed virtual environment systems. These systems allow multiple users, working on different client computers that are interconnected through different networks, to interact in a shared virtual world. One of the key issues in the design of scalable and cost-effective DVE systems is the partitioning problem. This problem consists of efficiently assigning the existing clients to the servers in the system and some techniques have been already proposed for solving it. This paper experimentally analyzes the correlation of the quality function proposed in the literature for solving the partitioning problem with the performance of DVE systems. Since the results show an absence of correlation, we also propose the experimental characterization of DVE systems. The results show that the reason for that absence of correlation is the nonlinear behavior of DVE systems with regard to the number of clients in the system. DVE systems reach saturation when any of the servers reaches 100 percent of CPU utilization. The system performance greatly decreases if this limit is exceeded in any server. Also, as a direct application of these results, we present a partitioning method that is targeted to keep all the servers in the system below a certain threshold value of CPU utilization, regardless of the amount of network traffic. Evaluation results show that the proposed partitioning method can improve DVE system performance, regardless of both the movement pattern of clients and the initial distribution of clients in the virtual world.
Effects of localization on hot carriers in InAs/AlAs<i>x</i>Sb1–<i>x</i> quantum wells (2015)

The temperature dependence of a InAs/AlAs0.84Sb0.16 multi-quantum-well sample is studied using continuous wave photoluminescence. An “s-shape” shift in peak energy is observed and attributed to low energy localization states. High incident power density photoluminescence measurements were performed to probe the nature of such localization. The results opposed the possibility of a type-II band structure and supported the idea of low energy localization states. The effect of such localization on hot carriers in our system was studied and an improvement in their stability due to hole mobility at elevated temperature is presented.
Distance Education in Gerontology (2000)

Abstract This article examines synchronous distance education, the course delivery system that utilizes two-way, interactive television. The focus is on entering this teaching environment, from the perspective of a faculty member, for the first time. Topics covered include the physical and technical environment, instructor training, managing a course, copyright restrictions, course evaluation, intellectual property and concerns about faculty employment.
Conversion of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 from inhibitor to substrate by point mutations in the reactive-site loop. (1994)

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), the main physiological inhibitor of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), may occur in three interconvertible conformations: active, latent, and substrate. To delineate specific domains in the PAI-1 molecule responsible for its conformational flexibility and associated functional diversity, four mutants of PAI-1 (with the amino acids at positions P12, P10, P8, and P6, respectively, substituted with proline) were expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and characterized. Wild-type PAI-1 (wtPAI-1) had a specific activity of 21 +/- 10% (mean +/- S.D., n = 3) of the theoretical maximum value. PAI-1-P12 (Ala-->Pro at P12), PAI-1-P10 (Ser-->Pro at P10), and PAI-1-P8 (Thr-->Pro at P8) had specific activities of 0.06 +/- 0.03% (n = 3), 2.6 +/- 1.0% (n = 4), and 2.7 +/- 1.1% (n = 3), respectively (p < 0.03 versus wtPAI-1). PAI-1-P6 (Val-->Pro at P6) has a specific activity of 12 +/- 3.3% (n = 3) of the theoretical maximum value (p = not significant versus wtPAI-1). SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of mixtures of wtPAI-1 or PAI-1-P6 with a 2-fold molar excess of t-PA yielded a mixture of a covalent 110-kDa t-PA.PAI-1 complex (15-25%), nonreactive 45-kDa material (44-67%), and a 41-kDa band (18-31%) representing cleaved PAI-1. PAI-1-P12, PAI-1-P10, and PAI-1-P8 behaved as substrates, yielding predominantly the 41-kDa cleavage product (85-91%) and a small amount (9-15%) of non-reactive material. NH2-terminal amino acid sequencing revealed that cleavage occurred at the P1-P1' bond (Arg346-Met347). Incubation of PAI-1-P12, PAI-1-P10, or PAI-1-P8 with a 2-fold molar excess of urokinase-type plasminogen activator, plasmin, or thrombin also primarily generated a 41-kDa cleavage product (62-89%). Incubation of wtPAI-1 and PAI-1-P6 at 37 degrees C resulted in a loss of inhibitory activity, whereas the substrate behavior of PAI-1-P12, PAI-1-P10, and PAI-1-P8 remained unaltered. Treatment of the three substrate-like mutants with guanidinium Cl did not induce inhibitory activity. In conclusion, point mutations at positions P12, P10, and P8 yield PAI-1 variants with stable substrate properties, which may facilitate more detailed structure/function studies.
Differences in the Substrate Specificities and Active-Site Structures of Two α-<scp>L</scp>-Fucosidases (Glycoside Hydrolase Family 29) from<i>Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron</i> (2012)

Recent studies suggest that α-L-fucosidases of glycoside hydrolase family 29 can be divided into two subfamilies based on substrate specificity and phylogenetic clustering. To explore the validity of this classification, we enzymatically characterized two structure-solved α-L-fucosidases representing the respective subfamilies. Differences in substrate specificities are discussed in relation to differences in active-site structures between the two enzymes.
Layer-based sparse representation of multiview images (2012)

This article presents a novel method to obtain a sparse representation of multiview images. The method is based on the fact that multiview data is composed of epipolar-plane image lines which are highly redundant. We extend this principle to obtain the layer-based representation, which partitions a multiview image dataset into redundant regions (which we call layers) each related to a constant depth in the observed scene. The layers are extracted using a general segmentation framework which takes into account the camera setup and occlusion constraints. To obtain a sparse representation, the extracted layers are further decomposed using a multidimensional discrete wavelet transform (DWT), first across the view domain followed by a two-dimensional (2D) DWT applied to the image dimensions. We modify the viewpoint DWT to take into account occlusions and scene depth variations. Simulation results based on nonlinear approximation show that the sparsity of our representation is superior to the multi-dimensional DWT without disparity compensation. In addition we demonstrate that the constant depth model of the representation can be used to synthesise novel viewpoints for immersive viewing applications and also de-noise multiview images.
Dynamic session management for telerobotic control and simulation (2002)

Session management of a telerobotic operation is an important aspect which has not been adequately addressed by the research community. This paper describes work performed by the Universities Space Automation/Robotics Consortium (USARC) which allows dynamic configuration and monitoring of a telerobotic system which is distributed over a wide-area network. The Telerobotic Session Manager (TSM) allows the session manager to coordinate control among multiple operators, to perform task handoffs or to control multiple robots. This provides greater modularity and reconfigurability than previous telerobot control systems. Motion control of the telerobot is provided by a generic robot motion controller which receives configuration information from TSM. Real or virtual environments are simulated by predictive simulation software which is also configured via TSM. This paper describes TSM, the motion controller, the simulation system, and a variety of tasks which have been performed by the system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Comprehensive Approach to Completion Optimization (2001)

Abstract The completion selection process is a critical step in ensuring well productivity. It is shown how this can be optimized by a decision tree based approach along with a combination of predictive analytical tools. The completions are broadly divided into those that would be limited by sanding issues over the producing life of the well as opposed to those that would not. Available sanding prediction models are used for this decision step. For wells where sanding could be an issue two separate options are analyzed: sand control and sand prevention. Sand control implies completions that incorporate some means to physically prevent the transport of sand along with the flowing fluid. On the other hand sand prevention uses predictive models to generate completion and production parameters that minimize the risk of sand production. Where sanding is not an issue, traditional completion options are evaluated: open-hole, natural (cased-perforated) and stimulated (fractured) completions. Once the above process is complete, the best completion option is determined using three steps: i) quantifying the impact of different options on well productivity, ii) production forecasting, and iii) economics and risk analysis. Predictive tools combined with prior experiences are used to determine the impact of different completion choices on well productivity. Using this information single well production forecasting is carried out using mathematically rigorous and computationally efficient well performance simulation model. Lastly, economic analysis that combines the upfront costs and predicted production data is used to determine the best completion choice for the well. In addition to economic analysis, this step also considers risk - in the form of uncertainty in key parameters.