gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathophysiology and differential diagnosis of benign prostatic hypertrophy. (1988)

Although the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia are usually attributed to simple mechanical obstruction of the prostatic urethra by an enlarged prostate gland, the pathophysiology of this common urologic disorder actually involves multiple factors. These include abnormalities of detrusor function, neuromuscular abnormalities of the prostatic urethra, and sensory abnormalities of the bladder wall. Detrusor abnormalities include impaired detrusor contractility and involuntary detrusor contractions (detrusor instability or detrusor hyperreflexia). Neuromuscular abnormalities of the prostatic urethra are characterized by alpha-adrenergic overactivity which causes outlet obstruction or by alpha-adrenergic hypoactivity which may result in urinary incontinence. Sensory abnormalities of the bladder wall include hypersensitivity (sensory urgency) or hyposensitivity which can lead to overdistention and urinary retention. The diagnostic evaluation of patients with clinical prostatism must take these factors into account. Of particular importance is the recognition that a decreased urinary flow rate and/or increased postvoid residual urine volume may be caused by either bladder outlet obstruction or impaired detrusor contractility. Routine urodynamic studies do not permit a distinction between these two entities, but video/detrusor pressure/uroflow studies are usually definitive.
Intracellular Neural Recording with Pure Carbon Nanotube Probes (2013)

The computational complexity of the brain depends in part on a neuron's capacity to integrate electrochemical information from vast numbers of synaptic inputs. The measurements of synaptic activity that are crucial for mechanistic understanding of brain function are also challenging, because they require intracellular recording methods to detect and resolve millivolt- scale synaptic potentials. Although glass electrodes are widely used for intracellular recordings, novel electrodes with superior mechanical and electrical properties are desirable, because they could extend intracellular recording methods to challenging environments, including long term recordings in freely behaving animals. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can theoretically deliver this advance, but the difficulty of assembling CNTs has limited their application to a coating layer or assembly on a planar substrate, resulting in electrodes that are more suitable for in vivo extracellular recording or extracellular recording from isolated cells. Here we show that a novel, yet remarkably simple, millimeter-long electrode with a sub-micron tip, fabricated from self-entangled pure CNTs can be used to obtain intracellular and extracellular recordings from vertebrate neurons in vitro and in vivo. This fabrication technology provides a new method for assembling intracellular electrodes from CNTs, affording a promising opportunity to harness nanotechnology for neuroscience applications.
Extrinsic camera parameters estimation for shape-from-depths (2012)

3D reconstruction from multiple view images requires that camera parameters are very accurately known and standard camera calibration techniques [1] often fail to provide the required level of accuracy for the extrinsic camera parameters. Using the Kinect depth camera, we propose to estimate camera parameters by minimising the cross correlation between density functions modelled for each recorded depth images. We illustrate experimentally how this improves the modelling for estimating 3D shape from Depths.
Lean Manufacturing Improves Emergency Department Throughput and Patient Satisfaction (2015)

A multidisciplinary team led by nursing leadership and physicians developed a plan to meet increasing demand and improve the patient experience in the ED without expanding the department's current resources. The approach included Lean tools and engaged frontline staff and physicians. Applying Lean management principles resulted in quicker service, improved patient satisfaction, increased capacity, and reduced resource utilization. Incorporating continuous daily management is necessary for sustainment of continuous improvement activities.
Supported Bimetallic Cluster Catalysts (2002)

We review synthesis, structural characterization, and catalysis by supported bimetallic clusters. Initial steps in the preparations include (a) adsorption of molecular metal clusters with preformed metal−metal bonds; (b) synthesis in zeolite cages; and (c) adsorption of a metal complex on a supported complex or cluster of another metal. Chemisorption capacities of supported oxophilic metal−noble metal clusters for hydrogen and CO are typically less than those of supported clusters of just the noble metal. Catalytic properties distinguishing supported bimetallic clusters from monometallics include high selectivities for oxygenates in CO hydrogenation and different selectivities for C═O vs C═C bond hydrogenation. Advantages of precise synthesis with organometallic precursors (smallness and uniformity of the supported clusters with bonds between the two metals) are offset by the expensive preparations and difficulty of catalyst regeneration. Applications of supported bimetallic clusters are most likely in specialty chemicals production or with stable combinations of oxophilic and noble metals.
Diagnostic applications of microarrays (2006)

Microarrays were designed to monitor the expression of many genes in parallel, providing substantially more information than Northern blots or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysing one or few genes at a time. The large sequencing projects provided the content for detailed expression studies under a variety of stimuli and conditions. The human genome project identified around 30 000 human genes. Estimated number of protein products is, however, 10-30 times higher, mainly due to the alternative splicing and post-translational modifications. The identification of gene functions requires both genomic and proteomic approaches, including protein microarrays, and numerous current microarray projects focus on deciphering gene expression patterns under a variety of conditions. Establishing the key genes and gene products for particular conditions opens the way for diagnostic applications using multiparameter, high-throughput assays. This format can also accommodate existing blood screening assays, potentially providing a single testing platform. This review considers the progress in diagnostic microarrays in a wider context of in vitro diagnostics field.
Consistency models for Internet caching (2004)

Caching continues to be an indispensable mechanism to achieve performance, scalability, and availability in the continuously growing Internet applications, such as the WWW. However, replication introduces the overhead of keeping the caches consistent. The degree to which these caches are kept consistent is called a consistency model. This paper summarizes the current approaches to Internet cache consistency protocols and derives non-operational specifications of their resulting consistency models. Traditional consistency models focus on the ordering of events and the perception of different sites of such orderings. We show that this is inadequate to accurately categorize the Internet cache consistency models and that the timing of these events must be taken into consideration. Techniques that incorporate time are lacking and existing ones are still inadequate for accurate modeling of consistency in Internet caching.
Control of gene expression during T cell activation: alternate regulation of mRNA transcription and mRNA stability (2005)

We propose that regulation of mRNA stability contributes significantly to the observed changes in gene expression in response to external stimuli, as measured by high throughput systems.
Increase and Plateau of CD4 T-Cell Counts in the 3½ Years After Initiation of Potent Antiretroviral Therapy (2001)

In Minnesota, state legislation, enacted July 1998, provided for voluntary pharmacy sales of syringes/needles without a prescription for an accompanying drug. The goal was to stem HIV transmission among injecting drug users (IDUs) by providing greater access to sterile syringes. We used a pre/post evaluation design to investigate the impact of less restrictive syringe/possession laws on IDUs' HIV-related syringe practices. Independent cross-sectional samples of IDUs were recruited from street sites and a correctional facility immediately before and 1 year after enactment of the laws. Of the 671 IDUs interviewed, 570 (270 prelegislation and 300 postlegislation) had injected at least once in the 30 days before the interview. IDUs were more likely to purchase syringes at pharmacies after enactment of the laws (odds ratio [OR], 2.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.83-3.85), yet did not change their behaviors regarding carrying unused syringes (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.63-1.28). After adjusting for speedball injection and criminal history, syringe sharing decreased among IDUs (adjusted OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.45-1.00) yet syringe reuse remained the same (adjusted OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.40-1.11). Safe disposal of syringes did not differ significantly across the sampling periods (adjusted OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.84-2.06). Increased access to pharmacy syringes offers a first step at reducing HIV-related syringe practices but must be coupled with strong HIV prevention messages, drug treatment referrals, and safe syringe disposal options.
Skipper: a microarchitecture for exploiting control-flow independence (2001)

Although modern superscalar processors achieve, high branch prediction accuracy, certain branches either are inherently difficult to predict or incur destructive interference in prediction tables, causing significant performance loss due to mispredictions. We propose a novel microarchitecture, called Skipper, to handle such difficult branches by exploiting control-flow independence. Previous approaches to handling difficult branches, one way or another, amount to executing incorrect instructions, squandering cycles and resources such as the i-cache bandwidth. Skipper, altogether avoids incorrect instructions by skipping over, without even fetching, the control-flow dependent computation conditioned by a difficult branch. Instead, Skipper fetches and executes the control-flow independent instructions, which are past the point where the branch's taken and not-taken paths reconverge, and which need to be executed irrespective of the branch outcome. Because Skipper executes the correct control-flow dependent instructions after the difficult branch is resolved, it conserves the valuable resources. Skipper is the first proposal to exploit control-flow independence by skipping over control-flow dependent computation in a superscalar pipeline. Skipper fetches the skipped control-flow dependent instructions after the post-reconvergent instructions, out of program order. We describe key mechanisms to implement Skipper without unduly complicating the pipeline despite out-of-order fetch. SPECint95 simulations show that Skipper performs 10% and 8% better than superscalar and the previously-proposed Polypath, respectively, when all three microarchitectures have equal i-cache bandwidth and hardware resources.
Technologies for smart grids: A brief review (2013)

In electrical power systems smart grid is widely recognized as the new solution that must be developed to manage distributed network tackling the increment of renewable energies. Through monitoring capability, data integration, effective communication, advanced analysis and system control the smart grid can meet the power demand as well as increase total efficiency and reduce consumption and costs. Many different technologies must converge to create a smart grid as a storage systems utilized as an energy buffer, telecommunication systems that can exchange data with sensors and actuators, advanced control systems that monitor the power grid and manage energy flows in real time. This paper reviews the state of the art of present application of these technologies in smart grids. The specific focus of the work is on telecommunication systems to have a monitoring through last smart metering application. The impacts and benefits of real time controls are investigated to improve the power efficiency, security and quality.
Additions and Corrections - Purification of Zirconium by Ion Exchange Columns (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions and Corrections - Purification of Zirconium by Ion Exchange ColumnsJohn AyresCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 12, 4275Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1948Publication History Published online8 July 2002Published inissue 1 December 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01192a617https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01192a617research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views18Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Associative caches in formal software timing analysis (2002)

Precise cache analysis is crucial to formally determine program running time. As cache simulation is unsafe with respect to the conservative running time bounds for real-time systems, current cache analysis techniques combine basic block level cache modeling with explicit or implicit program path analysis. We present an approach that extends instruction and data cache modeling from the granularity of basic blocks to program segments thereby increasing the overall running time analysis precision. Data flow analysis and local simulation of program segments are combined to safely predict cache line contents for associative caches in software running time analysis. The experiments show significant improvements in analysis precision over previous approaches on a typical embedded processor.
Clipping penalty in fiber-based compressed-digital-video transmission systems (1994)

It is commonly proposed to deliver compressed digital video in hybrid CATV systems with tens of digital subcarriers operating in the rf frequency range (450-700 MHz) above the AM-virtual-sideband (AM-VSB) video subcarriers.1,2 It is known that clipping distortion imposes limits on the modulation depth p. of all AM-VSB optical links and also generates errors in the digital subcarriers of hybrid systems.2,3 We demonstrate that a hybrid system using differential quadrature-phase-shift-keyed (DQPSK) subcarriers is feasible, suffering only a 2-dB penalty due to the clipping distortion.
Práticas sexuais, conhecimento sobre HIV/Aids e atitudes a respeito da relação amorosa e prevenção entre adultos com mais de 50 anos do sul do Brasil (2009)

The objective was to characterize sexual practices, prevention attitudes, loving relationships, and the level of knowledge about HIV/Aids among the people ov...
A Compositional Method for Verifying Software Transactional Memory Implementations (2008)

We present a compositional method for verifying software transactional memory (STM) implementations and its application to the Bartok STM. The method consists of two parts. The first is a generic, manual proof of serializability at the algorithm level for lazy-invalidate, write-in-place STM’s. The proof relies on three properties of program executions that the STM must ensure. The second part consists of proving that the Bartok STM implementation guarantees these properties and thus refines the algorithmlevel description. We present a novel technique for expressing the properties required of the STM implementation as assertions in sequential programs that model certain interference scenarios. This is a key benefit, as it allows these properties to be checked using sequential program verification tools. Using our method, the Spec# language and the Boogie verification tool, we were able to detect an omission in the published pseudo-code for the STM implementation and “challenge bugs” extracted from earlier versions of the STM. We were also able to prove correct the most recent version of the implementation.
Autorregulación emocional y actitudes ante situaciones de agravio (2009)

Este trabajo trata acerca de la evaluación de la influencia de la autorregulación emocional (control de impulsos y control en situaciones adversas) sobre las actitudes ante situaciones de agravio. La muestra comprendió a 287 adolescentes, de ambos sexos, 114 varones y 173 mujeres, de 15 a 17 años de edad, residentes en la ciudad de Paraná. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Cuestionario de Actitudes ante Situaciones de Agravio y el Inventario de Cociente Emocional (Eq-i). Los resultados obtenidos nos muestran que existe una relación negativa entre el control de los impulsos y el control en situaciones adversas, y las actitudes agresivas de venganza, rencor y hostilidad.
Effect of the Deformation Temperature on the Shape‐Memory Behavior of Epoxy Networks (2010)

Abstract The impact of the deformation conditions, specifically the temperature, on the shape‐memory behavior and characteristics of epoxy SMPs is studied. By simply varying the temperature during deformation (i.e., the programming step of the SM effect), the ultimate strain of the formulated epoxy was improved three‐ to five‐fold, thereby providing for an increased range of reachable deformation strains during SM thermo‐mechanical cycling. This research unveils newly developed epoxy‐based SMPs with improved deformability range and high strength with intrinsically good thermal and chemical stability. magnified image
Effect of Enterostatin on the Feeding Responses to Galanin and NPY (1993)

We have investigated the possibility that enterostatin may inhibit the intake of dietary fat by inhibiting either galanin or NPY-induced feeding pathways. Rats, adapted to either high fat (HF) or low fat-high carbohydrate (HC) diets and fitted with third ventricular cannulas were used to study the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) enterostatin on i.c.v. NPY and galanin induced feeding responses in satiated rats. An equimolar dose of enterostatin (0.1 nmoles) inhibited, while a tenfold excess of enterostatin abolished the feeding response to galanin in rats adapted to a HF diet. The galanin stimulation of food intake was reduced in rats adapted to the HC diet and this response was less sensitive to inhibition by enterostatin. Enterostatin had no inhibitory effects on NPY-induced feeding in rats adapted to the HC diet and only a small inhibitory effect, at tenfold molar excess, in rats adapted to the HF diet. The ability of enterostatin to bind to galanin or NPY Y-1 receptors was investigated in ligand binding studies. Enterostatin failed to displace 125I-galanin or 125I-PYY from specific binding sites in rat forebrain homogenates or SK-N-MC cells respectively. The data provide support for the hypothesis that enterostatin specifically inhibits a galanin-responsive fat intake system, but indicate that this effect is not modulated by direct interaction with either galanin or NPY-Y1 receptors.
Introduction to semimicro qualitative chemical analysis (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTIntroduction to semimicro qualitative chemical analysisLouis J. Curtman Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1950, 27, 9, 532Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1950Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 September 1950Published inissue 1 September 1950https://doi.org/10.1021/ed027p532.3RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views278Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Effet de la bétaïne, de la choline et d'extraits d'anthères du blé sur la croissance du Fusarium graminearum (1993)

(1993). Effet de la betaine, de la choline et d'extraits d'antheres du ble sur la croissance du Fusarium graminearum. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology: Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 81-84.
Micro-optical gate for fiber optic communication (2002)

An in-line fiber optical gate which features wavelength independence, high extinction ratio, and high reliability has been developed. It consists of a micromechanical actuator and a micro-fiber collimator with two hemispherical end fibers facing each other. The actuator is a torsional electrostatic actuator with a micromirror for light beam chopping and is fabricated by nickel surface micromachining. In an experimental demonstration to confirm the fundamental functionality of the gate, it was found that it could modulate the amplitude of a light beam sharply when the actuator was driven by about 10 V at 1 kHz.
The effect of crystallinity on photocatalytic performance of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> water-splitting cocatalysts (2016)

Cocatalysts, when loaded onto a water splitting photocatalyst, accelerate the gas evolution reaction and improve the efficiency of the photocatalyst. In this paper, we report that the efficiency of the photocatalyst is enhanced using an amorphous cobalt oxide cocatalyst. The WO3 film, when loaded with amorphous or nanocrystalline Co3O4, shows an improvement of up to 40% in photocurrent generation and 34% in hydrogen gas evolution. The effect of cocatalyst crystallinity on performance was systematically studied, and we found that the photocurrent deteriorates with the conversion of the cocatalyst to a highly crystalline phase at an annealing temperature of 500 °C. The mechanism of this effect was studied in detail using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the enhancement effect produced by the amorphous cocatalyst is attributed to the large density of unsaturated catalytically active sites in the amorphous material.