gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Urban Convoy Escort Utilizing a Swarm of UAV's (2009)

Abstract : This project, in conjunction with the naval Academy Research Lab (NRL), evaluated and modified a current UAV control algorithm to perform a security role for military convoys in urban terrain. The desired end state was to provide the simulated military convoy with a constant UAV sensor coverage as the convoy navigated an urban environment.
Web and Virtual Instrument Based Machine Remote Sensing, Monitoring and Fault Diagnostic System (2001)

Abstract Failure of equipment not only leads to loss of production, but also, in some serious situations, causes human casualty. Hence, the need of equipment condition monitoring becomes crucial for reliable operations. Since expensive hardware instruments are needed for condition monitoring, with the current powerful PCs, software based virtual instruments are possible to replace hardware instruments. However, the software must be maintained for each PC, and a technician must still visit the site of the PC and its monitored equipment. By connecting the PC to the Internet, remote sensing and equipment fault diagnosing are possible. As only one copy of software for each type of virtual instrument is required on the server, the maintenance of virtual instrument is much easier and substantial cost of hardware instruments is reduced. Moreover, remote collaborative maintenance becomes feasible as worldwide experts can provide just-in-time advice to technicians via the Web. With the new standards of IEEE 1451.2 for smart transducers, the new sensors are self-Web-ready. Sensor manufacturers, such as Hewlett Packard and Bruel & Kjaer, have proclaimed their next generation sensors are self-Web-ready. Therefore, the development of a Web-based maintenance is a must in the near future. This paper presents the design and development of a solution and a platform for the Web-based remote collaborative diagnosis and maintenance. It consists of remote data sensing and logging, signal analysis using virtual instruments, and intelligent fault diagnosis and prognosis.
Truncated recombinant human SP-D attenuates emphysema and type II cell changes in SP-D deficient mice (2007)

Treatment of SP-D deficient mice with rfhSP-D leads to a reduction in the degree of emphysema and a correction of type II cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy. This supports the concept that rfhSP-D might become a therapeutic option in diseases that are characterized by decreased SP-D levels in the lung.
High-Q integrated spiral inductors for high performance wireless front-end systems (2002)

Inductors are essential components in wireless front-end systems. In this paper we present high-Q spiral inductors integrated in thin film multilayer MCM-D technology with quality factors of more than 100 at microwave frequencies. These inductors, together with other integrated passive components such as capacitors, resistors and interconnections are used to realize high performance systems for wireless front-ends. Examples of fully integrated filters, couplers, a DECT VCO and a LNA for 5.2 GHz wireless LAN applications are discussed.
A three-dimensional static RAM (1986)

A three-dimensional (3-D) 256-bit static random-access memory (RAM) with double active layers has been fabricated by using the laser recrystallization technique. Memory cells were located in a bottom active layer with an NMOS configuration and peripheral circuits were arranged in a top active layer with a CMOS configuration. Both active layers were connected by 112 via holes. The chip and cell sizes were 2.6 × 1.9 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 50 × 70 µm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , respectively. The memory operation was observed with a supply voltage from 4 to 8 V. The shortest address access time of 42 ns was obtained at the supply voltage of 8 V.
Novel Ion Molecule Reactions of C60(++) with O2 and NH3 (1992)

We have recently utilized a tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometer to probe the gas phase ion-molecule chemistry of C60++ with a variety of target gases, at low collision energies. We have observed a high degree of reactivity of C60++ with oxygen to produce C60+, C6002+ and C600+. Likewise, we have also observed reactivity of C60++ with ammonia to produce C60NH2+, C60NH2(NH3)+, C60NH2(NH3)2+ and C60NH2(NH3)3+. We propose that the product ions result from an electron transfer reaction followed by covalent bond formation. All reactions were observed to be highly dependent on collision energy and target gas pressure. We believe that these processes are part of a larger family of charge exchange reactions for C60++, which occur for any molecule whose ionization potential lies below 12.25 eV, the first ionization potential of C60.
Promoter Elements of the Rat Choline Acetyltransferase Gene Allowing Nerve Growth Factor Inducibility in Transfected Primary Cultured Cells (1992)

Choline acetyltransferase, the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of acetylcholine, provides a convenient index for cholinergic neurons. Using a previously identified rat cDNA clone, we have isolated several corresponding genomic clones and have characterized a 1,902-bp fragment that contains part of the first noncoding exon as well as promoter sequences. The promoter activity of this fragment was tested, taking advantage of the recently developed lipopolyamine-mediated DNA transfer method, which allows transfection of primary neurons. The 1,902-bp sequence drives the expression of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene in a culture of dissociated cells prepared from the septal area of fetal (embryonic day 17) rats, a structure rich in cholinergic neurons. Moreover, addition of nerve growth factor to the culture increases CAT expression by approximately 56-fold, indicating that our DNA fragment contains sequences required for NGF induction. In addition, it contains consensus sequences for various transcription factors, including those of the basic helix-loop-helix family. Finally, experiments to characterize the transcription start site are presented.
Substrate-dependent interface composition and charge transport in films for organic photovoltaics (2009)

The buried interface composition of polymer-fullerene blends is found by near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy to depend on the surface energy of the substrate upon which they are cast. The interface composition determines the type of charge transport measured with thin film transistors. These results have implications for organic photovoltaics device design and the use of transistors to evaluate bulk mobility in blends.
Chemotherapy for Advanced Germ Cell Tumors (2006)

Curative therapy exists even in patients with resistant disease, and treatment choices can be based on established clinical criteria. Serum tumor markers and surgery after chemotherapy have essential roles in patient management
PARTICIPATION OF SMALL FARMERS IN ANIMAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES (2008)

Summary: Small farmers own 85% of the world’s farms and their participation in animal health programmes is crucial if programmes are to achieve their goals. A questionnaire was sent to the Veterinary Authorities of OIE 3 Members. The results showed that the majority (median 90%) of livestock farms are considered small . Veterinary Authorities believed that small farmers contribute to the livestock economy, but are a major weak point to national biosecurity. Small farmers’ animal health needs were seen as higher, but their available capacity to address these needs was lower than larger farmers. Although the majority of countries did not disaggregate data by farm size, most respondents believed that publicly funded projects should be reviewed for size bias, and that small farmers’ associations should have a role in guiding animal health policies. In the majority of countries, small farmers have a role in all aspects of control of priority and non-priority diseases. In one third of countries that responded, they have a role in extension, and in a few countries are even involved in veterinary drug importation and sale. Community animal health workers (CAHWs), who are usually small farmers selected by their community and trained as service providers on selected animal health activities, are emerging as important providers of services in Africa, the Americas and Asia. Officially mandated disease prevention and control programmes focus mainly on the diseases of cattle, and are hence less relevant to small farmers. Small farmers directly provide information used for surveillance in most countries, and provide more than 80% of such information in some countries. Veterinary Authorities had a positive attitude towards the role of small farmers in surveillance, with most agreeing that small farmers had useful knowledge, could identify common diseases and had a lot of trust in their national veterinary services. Respondents considered extension by veterinarians, radio and community meetings to be the most highly effective way of reaching small farmers. The majority of Veterinary Authorities (79%) felt that the role of small farmers in animal health should increase, and suggested that this could be done through capacity building, programmatic change and organisation of farmers. Ninety per cent of respondents believed that the OIE should do more to involve small farmers in animal health. Respondents felt that the highest priority action to increase the role of small farmers in animal health is additional funding, followed by improved communication, and thirdly by new standards. The results suggest that a review of international standards, definitions and guidelines with the aim of encouraging small farmer participation is appropriate. The diversity of views, often statistically significant between regions, suggests that the principle of equivalence should be applied in developing methods tailored to the local context to enhance the involvement and level of service provided to small farmers.
Active‐Constructive‐Interactive: A Conceptual Framework for Differentiating Learning Activities (2009)

Active, constructive, and interactive are terms that are commonly used in the cognitive and learning sciences. They describe activities that can be undertaken by learners. However, the literature is actually not explicit about how these terms can be defined; whether they are distinct; and whether they refer to overt manifestations, learning processes, or learning outcomes. Thus, a framework is provided here that offers a way to differentiate active, constructive, and interactive in terms of observable overt activities and underlying learning processes. The framework generates a testable hypothesis for learning: that interactive activities are most likely to be better than constructive activities, which in turn might be better than active activities, which are better than being passive. Studies from the literature are cited to provide evidence in support of this hypothesis. Moreover, postulating underlying learning processes allows us to interpret evidence in the literature more accurately. Specifying distinct overt activities for active, constructive, and interactive also offers suggestions for how learning activities can be coded and how each kind of activity might be elicited.
Energy Efficient TDMA Sleep Scheduling in Wireless Sensor Networks (2009)

Sleep scheduling is a widely used mechanism in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to reduce the energy consumption since it can save the energy wastage caused by the idle listening state. In a traditional sleep scheduling, however, sensors have to start up numerous times in a period, and thus consume extra energy due to the state transitions. The objective of this paper is to design an energy efficient sleep scheduling for low data-rate WSNs, where sensors not only consume different amounts of energy in different states (transmit, receive, idle and sleep), but also consume energy for state transitions. We use TDMA as the MAC layer protocol, because it has the advantages of avoiding collisions, idle listening and overhearing. We first propose a novel interference-free TDMA sleep scheduling problem called contiguous link scheduling, which assigns sensors with consecutive time slots to reduce the frequency of state transitions. To tackle this problem, we then present efficient centralized and distributed algorithms that use time slots at most a constant factor of the optimum. The simulation studies corroborate the theoretical results, and show the efficiency of our proposed algorithms.
<title>LCD visual performance: characterization and evaluation</title> (1999)

In order to assure safe, comfortable and thus effective working conditions, LCD-screens and monitors have to fulfill certain minimum performance requirements that have been established that have been established by suitable experiments and fixed in the respective ergonomic standards.
HTS diplexer and low noise amplifier rf module (2002)

The design and performance of a 77 K, thin film HTS diplexer and low noise amplifier subassembly is described. The diplexer circuit is an all planar design with a 50 /spl Omega/ match at the filter/diplexer manifold interconnect. The low noise amplifier has very low noise figure (0.2 dB) and simultaneously good input/output VSWR when operated at 77 K.
Nanoparticles activate the NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (Nlrp3) inflammasome and cause pulmonary inflammation through release of IL-1α and IL-1β (2010)

Nanoparticles are increasingly used in various fields, including biomedicine and electronics. One application utilizes the opacifying effect of nano-TiO(2), which is frequently used as pigment in cosmetics. Although TiO(2) is believed to be biologically inert, an emerging literature reports increased incidence of respiratory diseases in people exposed to TiO(2). Here, we show that nano-TiO(2) and nano-SiO(2), but not nano-ZnO, activate the NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (Nlrp3) inflammasome, leading to IL-1β release and in addition, induce the regulated release of IL-1α. Unlike other particulate Nlrp3 agonists, nano-TiO(2)-dependent-Nlrp3 activity does not require cytoskeleton-dependent phagocytosis and induces IL-1α/β secretion in nonphagocytic keratinocytes. Inhalation of nano-TiO(2) provokes lung inflammation which is strongly suppressed in IL-1R- and IL-1α-deficient mice. Thus, the inflammation caused by nano-TiO(2) in vivo is largely caused by the biological effect of IL-1α. The current use of nano-TiO(2) may present a health hazard due to its capacity to induce IL-1R signaling, a situation reminiscent of inflammation provoked by asbestos exposure.
Self-Organized Criticality (1998)

Self-organized criticality (SOC) is based upon the idea that complex behavior can develop spontaneously in certain multi-body systems whose dynamics vary abruptly. This book is a clear and concise introduction to the field of self-organized criticality, and contains an overview of the main research results. The author begins with an examination of what is meant by SOC, and the systems in which it can occur. He then presents and analyzes computer models to describe a number of systems, and he explains the different mathematical formalisms developed to understand SOC. The final chapter assesses the impact of this field of study, and highlights some key areas of new research. The author assumes no previous knowledge of the field, and the book contains several exercises. It will be ideal as a textbook for graduate students taking physics, engineering, or mathematical biology courses in nonlinear science or complexity.
Genetic variation of rectal temperature in cows and its relationship to fertility (1982)

ABSTRACT Rectal temperatures of breeding cows at the National Cattle Breeding Station, ‘Belmont’, Rockhampton were recorded in each of 2 years. The data analysed represented two Bos taurus (Hereford × Shorthorn) and four B. indicus × B. taurus half-bred lines, and 800 to 900 cows in each year. Rectal temperatures averaged 39·8°C, and were 0·5°C higher in British breed than in zebu-cross cows and 0·3°C higher in lactating than in dry British cows (no effect in zebu cross). Fertility, measured as success or failure in producing a calf at term, was affected by rectal temperature (P<0·0001 in both years). The relationship was curvilinear, the reduction in calving rate due to 01°C increment in temperature being 0009 at 39°C, 002 at 40°C and 0035 at 41°C. Response of fertility to a given change in rectal temperature was the same in different breeds. The average depression of fertility due to heat susceptibility was 015 to 0·25 in British-breed and approximately 010 in zebu-cross herds. Even in relatively heat-tolerant zebu crossbreds and in a relatively mild environment on the Tropic, both the mean rectal temperature and its genetic variability within a herd had quite large effects on reproduction. The heritability of rectal temperature was 0·25 (s.e. 012) and its genetic correlation with fertility was −0·76 (s.e. 0·35). There was a parallel effect of rectal temperatures of cows on the birth weights of their calves.
Normal faulting origin for the Cordillera and Outer Rook Rings of Orientale Basin, the Moon (2013)

Orientale Basin is the youngest and best‐preserved large impact basin on the Moon with at least four topographic rings contained within the topographic rim marked by the Cordillera Ring (diameter = 930 km). Its well‐exposed interior makes this basin a prime location to study basin formation processes. Forward mechanical modeling of basin ring topography shows that the outermost rings, the Cordillera Ring (CR) and Outer Rook Ring (ORR) are large‐scale normal faults with displacements ( D ) of 0.8 to 5.2 km, fault dip angles ( δ ) of 54° to 80°, and vertical depth of faulting ( T ) between 19 and 37 km with most faults having T = 30 ± 5 km. These faults and the distribution of maria inside the basin suggest that the transient crater, important for determining many impact‐related characteristics such as projectile size, was contained entirely within the ORR and likely had a diameter between 500 and 550 km. The difference in crustal thickness between the western and eastern sides of the basin is not a result of the basin‐forming event, which indicates the formation of the hemispheric crustal thickness asymmetry was likely before the formation of Orientale Basin 3.68 to 3.85 Ga.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor–Associated Periodic Syndrome (2000)

TRAPS is characterized by a spectrum of dermatologic findings, including migratory patches, edematous plaques, periorbital edema, and/or conjunctivitis. TRAPS is characterized by a perivascular dermal infiltrate of lymphocytes and monocytes.
Analyzing facebook privacy settings (2011)

The sharing of personal data has emerged as a popular activity over online social networking sites like Facebook. As a result, the issue of online social network privacy has received significant attention in both the research literature and the mainstream media. Our overarching goal is to improve defaults and provide better tools for managing privacy, but we are limited by the fact that the full extent of the privacy problem remains unknown; there is little quantification of the incidence of incorrect privacy settings or the difficulty users face when managing their privacy.
Thermal impedance of VCSELs with AlO/sub x/-GaAs DBRs (1998)

The authors have measured the thermal impedance of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with oxide/GaAs DBRs and shown that it is comparable to that of VCSELs with all-semiconductor DBRs. A VCSEL with an 8-μm oxide aperture shows a thermal impedance of 2.8/spl deg/C/mW. By varying the aperture size, the thermal conductance of the material below the active area is 0.255 W/cm/spl deg/C. These results demonstrate that the oxide is not a major barrier to heat transport out of the active region.
Filler-Elastomer Interactions. Part I: Silica Surface Energies and Interactions with Model Compounds (1991)

Abstract Inverse gas-solid chromatography, operated at infinite dilution, has been used to assess the surface energies of silicas, both fumed and precipitated. The dispersive components of the surface free energies of the silicas were calculated from the free energies of adsorption, corresponding to the —CH 2 — group, obtained from n -alkane adsorption. The specific components of the surface energies were evaluated separately by comparison of the free energies of adsorption of polar probes with those of n -alkanes, based on the surface areas covered by the probe molecules. The results indicate that while the dispersive components of silica surface energies is somewhat higher for the fumed silicas, the specific components are much higher for precipitated silicas, probably resulting from the higher silanol concentration on their surfaces. Moreover, the interaction able to take place between rubber matrix and the silicas are also estimated chromatographically from the adsorptions of low-molecular-weight analogs of elastomers. The free energies and enthalpies indicate that the interactions of functional groups with the fillers decrease in the order of nitrile, phenyl ring, double bond. The saturated rubber analogs show lower interactions with silicas. The lowest interactions of iso-alkanes imply poor interactions between butyl rubber and the fillers. As expected, the experimental data reflect an attenuation of polymer-silica interactions with decreasing content of functional groups and degree of unsaturation in NR, BR, SBR, and NBR.
Analysis of High Guyed Towers (1966)

A method of analysis for high, guyed towers under wind loading, readily adapted to computer use, is presented. The planes containing guys with or without insulators or ice loading are changed by drag and lift forces produced by wind; and these forces together with tower motion are used to compute the variable spring constants for determining guy reactions. All significant secondary effects including increase in shear caused by shaft distortion and web member strains, eccentricity of shaft between guy levels, and external moments produced at each level by the guys are considered. An analysis of two-way bending of guyed towers is also included and a method of solution presented.