gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QMON: QoS- and Utility-Aware Monitoring in Enterprise Systems (2006)

The scale, reliability and cost requirements of enterprise data centers require automation of center management. Examples include provisioning, scheduling, capacity planning, logging and auditing. A key component of such automation functions is online monitoring. In contrast to monitoring systems designed for human users, a particular concern for online enterprise monitoring is Quality of Service (QoS). Since breaking service level agreements (SLAs) has direct financial and legal implications, enterprise monitoring must be conducted so as to maintain SLAs. This includes the ability to differentiate the QoS of monitoring itself for different classes of users or more generally, for software components subject to different SLAs. Thus, without embedding notions of QoS into the monitoring systems used in next generation data centers, it will not be possible to accomplish the desired automation of their operation. This paper both demonstrates the importance of QoS in monitoring and it presents a QoS-capable monitoring system, termed QMON. QMON supports utility-aware monitoring while also able to differentiate between different classes of monitoring, corresponding to classes of SLAs. The implementation of QMON offers high levels of predictability for service delivery (i.e., predictable performance) and it is dynamically configurable to deal with changes in enterprise needs or variations in services and applications. We demonstrate the importance of QoS in monitoring and the QoS capabilities of QMON in a series of case studies and experiments, using a multi-tier web service benchmark.
Schaum's Outline of Theory and Problems of Probability and Statistics (1980)

Part I: Probability. Chapter 1: Basic Probability. Chapter 2: Random Variables and Probability Distributions. Chapter 3: Mathematical Expectation. Chapter 4: Special Probability Distributions. Part II: Statistics. Chapter 5: Sampling Theory. Chapter 6: Estimation Theory. Chapter 7: Tests of Hypotheses and Significance. Chapter 8: Curve Fitting, Regression, and Correlation. Chapter 9: Analysis of Variance. Chapter 10: Nonparametric Tests. Appendices. Index. Index for Solved Problems.
Improvements to Single Particle ICPMS by the Online Coupling of Ion Exchange Resins (2014)

Single particle ICPMS (SP-ICPMS) is becoming a very promising technique for nanoparticle detection and characterization, especially at very low concentrations (~10(-12)-10(-10) M). Nonetheless, the ability of the technique to detect smaller nanoparticles is presently limited by the setting of threshold values for the discrimination of nanoparticles from the dissolved metal background. In this study, a new approach to attaining lower particle size detection limits has been developed by the online coupling of an ion exchange column (IEC) with SP-ICPMS (IEC-SP-ICPMS). The IEC effectively removes the continuous signal of dissolved metal, allowing for both lower detection limits and an improved resolution of solutions containing multiple particles. The feasibility and the efficiency of this coupling were investigated using silver nanoparticles in the presence of various concentrations of Ag(+) and other major ions (Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), and Cl(-)). The online elimination of the dissolved metal made data processing simpler and more accurate. Following the addition of 1 to 4 μg L(-1) of Ag(+) spikes, symmetric particle size distributions were obtained using IEC-SP-ICPMS, whereas the use of SP-ICPMS alone led to asymmetric distributions, especially for nanoparticle sizes below 60 nm. Although this proof of principle study focused on nanosilver, the technique should be particularly useful for any of the metal based nanoparticles with high solubilities.
Some Nitrogen Substituted Barbituric Acids and their Derivatives<sup>1</sup> (1936)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Nitrogen Substituted Barbituric Acids and their Derivatives1Dorothy Nightingale and Claude H. AlexanderCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1936, 58, 5, 794–796Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1936Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1936https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01296a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01296a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views144Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Engineering the nonlinear phase shift (2002)

Large nonlinear phase shifts can be achieved using cascaded and coupled microresonator systems even if the constituent material has large linear and two-photon absorption. Proper design can maintain nearly constant intensity transmittance.
Multi-domain Orchestration and Management of Software Defined Infrastructures: a Bottom-Up Approach (2016)

Clear requirements towards the end-to-end orchestration and management plane for 5G networks have been issued by various Industry operators' associations and standard organizations.Over the past couple of years a number of orchestration frameworks have emerged in attempts to realize those requirements.These orchestration frameworks provide coordination and automated management of cloud and networking resources as well as service functions, typically, over a single domain.However, the extension of the orchestration function to coordinate multiple administrative domains has not been directly addressed so far.This paper presents a multi domain functional architecture of the 5G end-to-end management and orchestration plane as an ongoing effort towards its realization within the H2020 ICT14 project 5G Exchange (5GEx).Our architectural proposal follows a bottom up approach based on the analysis of multiple existing resource domains and domain orchestration components.
Application of a Liposomal Bioluminescent Label in the Development of a Flow Injection Immunoanalytical System (2005)

A flow injection liposome immunoanalytical system was developed using biotin as the model analyte and liposomal aequorin as the label. Aequorin is a photoprotein isolated from luminescent jellyfish (notably Aequorea victoria) and other marine organisms that emits visible light in the presence of a trace of Ca2+. Because of this characteristic, the aequorin complex has been used as an intracellular Ca2+ indicator. In this study, a bioluminescent label was designed by encapsulating aequorin inside the cavity of the liposome, whose outer surface was sensitized with the analyte of interest. The analyte-tagged liposomal aequorin was employed in the development of a heterogeneous bioluminescence immunoassay for the model analyte biotin. The proposed immunoassay was based on the competition between the model biotin and aequorin-encapsulating, biotin-tagged liposomes for a limited number of anti-biotin antibody-binding sites. The anti-biotin antibodies were immobilized via protein A in a capillary immunoreactor column, and 30% MeOH was used for the regeneration of antibody-binding sites after each measurement, which allowed the immunoreactor to be used for up to 50 sequential sample injections without any loss of reactivity. The calibration curve for biotin in Tris-buffered saline solution had a linear range of 1 x 10(-11)-1 x 10(-3) M. The detection limit of the assay was 50 pg (equivalent to 200-microL injection of 1 x 10(-9) M). This study demonstrates the procedures for the encapsulation of the photoprotein aequorin into the liposome, which can be used as a sensitive label in bioluminescence immunoassays for biotin or in other applications.
A 70-kDa apolipoprotein designated ApoJ is a marker for subclasses of human plasma high density lipoproteins. (1990)

A new apolipoprotein, termed apolipoprotein J (apoJ), was purified from human plasma by immunoaffinity chromatography. ApoJ is a glycoprotein consisting of disulfide-linked subunits of 34-36 and 36-39 kDa. Each subunit is glycosylated and has a pI range of 4.9-5.4. ApoJ exists in the plasma associated with high density lipoproteins (HDL) and specifically with subclasses of HDL which also contain apoAI and cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity. Immunoaffinity purified apoJ-HDL subclasses have apparent molecular masses of 80, 160, 240, 340, and 520 kDa, as determined by gradient gel electrophoresis. By negative staining electron microscopy, apoJ-HDL range in diameter from 5 to 16 nm. Fractionation of plasma by vertical gradient density centrifugation revealed apoJ-HDL in HDL2 (d 1.063-1.125 g/ml) with the majority overlapping HDL3 (d 1.125-1.21 g/ml) and very high density lipoprotein (d 1.21-1.25 g/ml). The bimodal density distribution of apoJ-HDL suggests that these subclasses have a unique metabolic relationship and may play a role in the transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver.
Label-Free Capacitive Biosensor for Detection of Cryptosporidium (2019)

<i>Cryptosporidium</i>, an intestinal protozoan pathogen, is one of the leading causes of diarrhea in healthy adults and death in children. Detection of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> oocysts has become a high priority to prevent potential outbreaks. In this paper, a label-free interdigitated-based capacitive biosensor has been introduced for the detection of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> oocysts in water samples. Specific anti-<i>Cryptosporidium</i> monoclonal antibodies (IgG3) were covalently immobilized onto interdigitated gold electrodes as the capture probes, and bovine serum albumin was used to avoid non-specific adsorption. The immobilization of the antibodies was confirmed by measuring the change in the contact angle. The detection was achieved by measuring the relative change in the capacitive/dielectric properties due to the formation of <i>Cryptosporidium</i>-antibody complex. The biosensor has been tested for different concentrations of <i>Cryptosporidium</i>. The results show that the biosensor developed can accurately distinguish different numbers of captured cells and densities on the surface of the biosensor. The number of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> oocysts captured on the electrode surface was confirmed using a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) immunofluorescence assay. The response from the developed biosensor has been mainly dependent on the concentration of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> under optimized conditions. The biosensor showed a linear detection range between 15 and 153 cells/mm² and a detection limit of 40 cells/mm². The label-free capacitive biosensor developed has a great potential for detecting <i>Cryptosporidium</i> in environmental water samples. Furthermore, under optimized conditions, this label-free biosensor can be extended for detection of other biomarkers for biomedical and environmental analyses.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF ALDEHYDES OF FURAN SERIES. I. NEW METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF 1,2‐BIS(2‐FURYL)ETHYLENE DERIVATIVES (1978)

Abstract Die Kondensation des Methylfurfurols (I) mit den Aldehyden (II) in Gegenwart geringer Mengen Alkoholat liefert die Difurylethylene (III).
Evaluation of mass spectral library search algorithms implemented in commercial software (2015)

Performance of several library search algorithms (against EI mass spectral databases) implemented in commercial software products ( acd/specdb, chemstation, gc/ms solution and ms search) was estimated. Test set contained 1000 mass spectra, which were randomly selected from NIST'08 (RepLib) mass spectral database. It was shown that composite (also known as identity) algorithm implemented in ms search (NIST) software gives statistically the best results: the correct compound occupied the first position in the list of possible candidates in 81% of cases; the correct compound was within the list of top ten candidates in 98% of cases. It was found that use of presearch option can lead to rejection of the correct answer from the list of possible candidates (therefore presearch option should not be used, if possible). Overall performance of library search algorithms was estimated using receiver operating characteristic curves.
Dynamic level of detail 3D occupancy grids for automotive use (2010)

In this paper, a generic approach for three-dimensional environment representation is presented. Scans from range finders are accumulated into a three-dimensional occupancy grid. A probabilistic measurement model is used to represent measurement uncertainties. Free regions are modelled as well and contribute to a precise representation of the environment. In order to acquire a feasible three-dimensional grid, a hierarchical data structure is proposed. As a positive result, the level of detail and respectively the grid resolution is controllable by the application or by the content. As an example application, it will be shown how height information can be derived from a sensor with one horizontal scan plane only.
Flight-muscle adenylate pool responses to flight demands and thermal constraints in individual <i>Colias eurytheme</i> (Lepidoptera, pieridae) (1999)

We study here the connections among body temperature variation, flight performance and flight 'fuel' metabolism in Colias eurytheme butterflies, to begin re-examining the metabolic reasons for animal thermoregulation. Methods are presented for (a) stable extraction of adenylates (and other metabolites) from the flight muscles of individual Colias eurytheme, (b) automated separation and quantitative analysis of individual adenylate samples by high-pressure liquid chromatography and (c) reliable, low-variance assay of inorganic phosphate levels in the same extracts. Correlations among metabolite concentrations and two indices of muscle cytosol ATP maintenance occur as expected on general metabolic principles. [ATP] and [ATP]/[ADP] decline from resting levels to reach a plateau in the first minute of free, interrupted flight, while [AMP] increases at the same time; these concentrations do not vary further for up to 6 min total flight time. In an initial test of the alternative metabolic bases of the thermoregulation of Colias eurytheme, we find that [ATP]/[ADP] rises between a body temperature, T(b), of 31 and 35 degrees C, at the base of the behavioral thermal optimum for flight, but then decreases again at T(b)=39 degrees C, at the top of the behavioral thermal optimum and well short of damaging temperatures. This is not consistent with the view that metabolic effectiveness increases monotonically up to the lower limits of thermal damage to enzymes, but supports an alternative hypothesis that the narrowness of thermoregulation results from a system-based constraint on the breadth of temperature over which maximal energy processing is possible.
Channel State Information from Pure Communication to Sense and Track Human Motion: A Survey (2019)

Human motion detection and activity recognition are becoming vital for the applications in smart homes. Traditional Human Activity Recognition (HAR) mechanisms use special devices to track human motions, such as cameras (vision-based) and various types of sensors (sensor-based). These mechanisms are applied in different applications, such as home security, Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), gaming, and healthcare. However, traditional HAR methods require heavy installation, and can only work under strict conditions. Recently, wireless signals have been utilized to track human motion and HAR in indoor environments. The motion of an object in the test environment causes fluctuations and changes in the Wi-Fi signal reflections at the receiver, which result in variations in received signals. These fluctuations can be used to track object (i.e., a human) motion in indoor environments. This phenomenon can be improved and leveraged in the future to improve the internet of things (IoT) and smart home devices. The main Wi-Fi sensing methods can be broadly categorized as Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Wi-Fi radar (by using Software Defined Radio (SDR)) and Channel State Information (CSI). CSI and RSSI can be considered as device-free mechanisms because they do not require cumbersome installation, whereas the Wi-Fi radar mechanism requires special devices (i.e., Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP)). Recent studies demonstrate that CSI outperforms RSSI in sensing accuracy due to its stability and rich information. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of recent advances in the CSI-based sensing mechanism and illustrates the drawbacks, discusses challenges, and presents some suggestions for the future of device-free sensing technology.
Functional imaging with low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA): a review. (2002)

This paper reviews several recent publications that have successfully used the functional brain imaging method known as LORETA. Emphasis is placed on the electrophysiological and neuroanatomical basis of the method, on the localization properties of the method, and on the validation of the method in real experimental human data. Papers that criticize LORETA are briefly discussed. LORETA publications in the 1994-1997 period based localization inference on images of raw electric neuronal activity. In 1998, a series of papers appeared that based localization inference on the statistical parametric mapping methodology applied to high-time resolution LORETA images. Starting in 1999, quantitative neuroanatomy was added to the methodology, based on the digitized Talairach atlas provided by the Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute. The combination of these methodological developments has placed LORETA at a level that compares favorably to the more classical functional imaging methods, such as PET and fMRI.
Online smoothing of variable-bit-rate streaming video (2000)

Bandwidth smoothing techniques for stored video perform end to end workahead transmission of frames into the client playback buffer, in advance of their display times. Such techniques are very effective in reducing the burstiness of the bandwidth requirements for transmitting compressed, stored video. This paper addresses online bandwidth smoothing for a growing number of streaming video applications such as newscasts, sportscasts, and distance learning, where many clients may be willing to tolerate a playback delay of a few seconds in exchange for a smaller bandwidth requirement. The smoothing can be performed at either the source of the videocast or at special smoothing server(s) (e.g., proxies or gateways) within the network. In contrast to previous work on stored video, the online smoothing server has limited knowledge of frame sizes and access to only a segment of the video at a time. This is either because the feed is live or because it is streaming past the server. We formulate an online smoothing model which incorporates playback delay, client and server buffer sizes, server processing capacity, and frame size prediction techniques. Our model can accommodate an arbitrary arrival process. Using techniques for smoothing stored video at the source as a starting point, we develop an online, window-based smoothing algorithm for delay tolerant applications. Extensive experiments with MPEG-1 and M-JPEG video traces demonstrate that online smoothing significantly reduces the peak rate, coefficient of variation, and effective bandwidth of variable-bit-rate video streams. These reductions can be achieved with modest playback delays of a few seconds to a few tens of seconds and moderate client buffer sizes, and closely approximate the performance of optimal offline smoothing of stored video. In addition, we show that frame size prediction can offer further reduction in resource requirements, though prediction becomes relatively less important for longer playback delays. However, the ability to predict future frame sizes affects the appropriate division of buffer space between the server and client sites. Our experiments show that the optimal buffer allocation shifts to placing more memory at the server as the server has progressively less information about future frame sizes.
Blind Estimation of Carrier Frequency Offset and DC Offset for OFDM Systems (2008)

In this letter, a blind joint carrier frequency offset and DC offset (DCO) estimator for OFDM systems is proposed. By exploiting the underlying subspace of the received OFDM signals after the time-domain-average based coarse DCO cancellation, the proposed estimator can achieve excellent performance, which is demonstrated by simulations.
Capillary zone electrophoresis with on-line mass spectrometric detection (1987)

Electrospray ionization provides an ideal interface for the marriage of a highly efficient separation technique, capillary zone electrophoresis, with the mass spectrometer. (DLC)
ε/ζ systems: their role in resistance, virulence, and their potential for antibiotic development (2011)

Cell death in bacteria can be triggered by activation of self-inflicted molecular mechanisms. Pathogenic bacteria often make use of suicide mechanisms in which the death of individual cells benefits survival of the population. Important elements for programmed cell death in bacteria are proteinaceous toxin-antitoxin systems. While the toxin generally resides dormant in the bacterial cytosol in complex with its antitoxin, conditions such as impaired de novo synthesis of the antitoxin or nutritional stress lead to antitoxin degradation and toxin activation. A widespread toxin-antitoxin family consists of the ε/ζ systems, which are distributed over plasmids and chromosomes of various pathogenic bacteria. In its inactive state, the bacteriotoxic ζ toxin protein is inhibited by its cognate antitoxin ε. Upon degradation of ε, the ζ toxin is released allowing this enzyme to poison bacterial cell wall synthesis, which eventually triggers autolysis. ε/ζ systems ensure stable plasmid inheritance by inducing death in plasmid-deprived offspring cells. In contrast, chromosomally encoded ε/ζ systems were reported to contribute to virulence of pathogenic bacteria, possibly by inducing autolysis in individual cells under stressful conditions. The capability of toxin-antitoxin systems to kill bacteria has made them potential targets for new therapeutic compounds. Toxin activation could be hijacked to induce suicide of bacteria. Likewise, the unique mechanism of ζ toxins could serve as template for new drugs. Contrarily, inhibition of virulence-associated ζ toxins might attenuate infections. Here we provide an overview of ε/ζ toxin-antitoxin family and its potential role in the development of new therapeutic approaches in microbial defense.