gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA profiles in colorectal carcinomas, adenomas and normal colonic mucosa: variations in miRNA expression and disease progression (2016)

MiRNAs are small, non-protein-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression either by post-transcriptionally suppressing mRNA translation or by mRNA degradation. We examine differentially expressed miRNAs in colorectal carcinomas, adenomas and normal colonic mucosa. Data come from population-based studies of colorectal cancer conducted in Utah and the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program. A total of 1893 carcinoma/normal-paired samples and 290 adenoma tissue samples were run on the Agilent Human miRNA Microarray V19.0 which contained 2006 miRNAs. We tested for significant differences in miRNA expression between paired carcinoma/adenoma/normal colonic tissue samples. Fewer than 600 miRNAs were expressed in >80% of people for colonic tissue; of these 86.5% were statistically differentially expressed between carcinoma and normal colonic mucosa using a false discovery rate of 0.05. Roughly half of these differentially expressed miRNAs showed a progression in levels of expression from normal to adenoma to carcinoma tissue. Other miRNAs appeared to be altered at the normal to adenoma stage, while others were only altered at the adenoma to carcinoma stage or only at the normal to carcinoma stage. Evaluation of the Agilent platform showed a high degree of repeatability (r = 0.98) and reasonable agreement with the NanoString platform. Our data suggest that miRNAs are highly dysregulated in colorectal tissue among individuals with colorectal cancer; the pattern of disruption varies by miRNA as tissue progresses from normal to adenoma to carcinoma.
O-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine moiety on discrete peptide of multiple protein 4.1 isoforms regulated by alternative pathways (1989)

Erythrocyte protein 4.1 is a cytoplasmic protein that possesses a protein-saccharide modification structure, an O-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) moiety. We determined the amino acid sequence of the proteolytic fragment containing the O-GlcNAc moiety after labeling the saccharide with [3H]galactose in the presence of bovine milk galactosyltransferase. Glycosylation appears to occur on one or more serine or threonine residues in the following sequence: Thr-Ala-Gln-Thr-Ile-Thr-Ser-Glu-Thr-Pro-Ser-Ser-Thr-Thr-Thr-Thr-Gln-Ile-Thr-Lys . This sequence corresponds to the carboxyl-terminal half of the 34-amino acid peptide in the 22/24-kDa carboxyl-terminal domain of protein 4.1, which is one of the discrete peptides regulated by alternative RNA splicing. Multiple protein 4.1 isoforms in erythroid and nonerythroid cells including major components of erythrocyte membrane proteins, 4.1a and 4.1b, appear to contain this sequence since most immunochemically reactive proteins were labeled with [3H]galactose, with the exception of several variant polypeptides. These results appear to suggest the functional or biological significance of the O-GlcNAc linkage in protein 4.1.
Effect of spatially variable effective mass on static and dynamic properties of resonant tunneling devices (1989)

The effect of incorporating a spatially variable effective mass in the Schrödinger equation method of resonant tunneling device modeling is investigated. It is shown that inclusion of this effect can produce an order of magnitude difference in the calculated peak current density of the static current voltage (I-V) curve for the resonant tunneling diode. Results for a particular In0.53Ga0.47As-AlAs structure show that much better agreement between theory and experiment is obtained by including this effect. Also, comparison of transient results for an In0.53Ga0.47As-In0.52Al0.48As structure shows a significant change in the diode switching transients.
The Interface between Extracellular and Transmembrane Domains of Homomeric Cys-Loop Receptors Governs Open-Channel Lifetime and Rate of Desensitization (2008)

The lifetimes of activated postsynaptic receptor channels contribute to the efficiency of synaptic transmission. Here we show that structural differences within the interface dividing extracellular and transmembrane domains of homomeric α7 and 5-HT 3A receptors account for the large differences in open-channel lifetime and time of desensitization onset between these contrasting members of the Cys-loop receptor superfamily. For α7 receptors, agonist-evoked single-channel currents appear mainly as isolated brief openings (τ o = 0.35 ms), whereas macroscopic currents after a step pulse of agonist desensitize rapidly (τ d = 0.4 ms). In contrast for 5-HT 3A receptors, agonist-evoked single-channel currents appear as clusters of many long openings in quick succession (τ cluster = 1.2 s), whereas macroscopic currents desensitize slowly (τ d = 1.1 s). A chimeric α7-5HT 3A receptor exhibits functional properties intermediate between those of the parent receptors, but the functional signatures of each parent are reconstituted after substituting the major loops within the interface of the extracellular and transmembrane domains from the corresponding parent receptor. Furthermore, these structural loops contribute to open-channel lifetime and time of desensitization onset in a nonadditive manner. The results suggest that desensitization is the major determinant of the lifetimes of activated α7 and 5-HT 3A receptors and that functional differences between the two receptors arise primarily through structural differences at the interface between extracellular and transmembrane domains.
On-road driver eye movement tracking using head-mounted devices (2002)

It is now evident from anecdotal evidence and preliminary research that distractions can hinder the task of operating a vehicle, and consequently reduce driver safety. However with increasing wireless connectivity and the portability of office devices, the vehicle of the future is visualized as an extension of the static work place - i.e. an office-on-the-move, with a phone, a fax machine and a computer all within the reach of the vehicle operator. For this research a Head mounted Eye-tracking Device (HED), is used for tracking the eye movements of a driver navigating a test route in an automobible while completing various driving tasks. Issues arising from data collection of eye movements during the completion of various driving tasks as well as the analysis of this data are discussed. Methods for collecting video and scan-path data, as well as difficulties and limitations are also reported.
Identification of the cleavage site and determinants required for poliovirus 3CPro-catalyzed cleavage of human TATA-binding transcription factor TBP (1993)

Host cell RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription is inhibited by poliovirus infection. We have shown previously that the human TATA-binding protein (TBP), a general transcription factor required for transcription of all RNA polymerase II genes, is directly cleaved both in vitro and in vivo by the virus-coded protease 3CPro. 3CPro specifically cleaves glutamine-glycine bonds in the viral polyprotein. Cellular transcription factor TBP contains three glutamine-glycine sites, at amino acids 12, 18, and 108. By using site-directed mutagenesis, we determined that the glutamine-glycine bond at amino acid 18, but not that at amino acid 12 or 108, is cleaved by the viral protease. Both the glutamine and the glycine appear to be important for the cleavage. Further mutations around the glutamine-glycine site at position 18 suggest that determinants other than the glutamine-glycine bond in TBP are also required for 3CPro-induced cleavage. An alanine at position P4 and a proline at position P2, proximal to the scissile glutamine-glycine pair, appear to be important for 3CPro-mediated cleavage of TBP. Our results suggest that the cleavage specificity of 3CPro for a cellular transcription factor is very similar to its mode of cleavage of viral polyproteins.
SemanticHIFI Project Final Public Report (2006)

cote interne IRCAM: Vinet06c
A high interleukin 1 receptor antagonist/IL-1beta ratio occurs naturally in knee osteoarthritis. (2008)

High endogenous IL-1Ra/IL-1beta ratio occurs in SF from knee OA and does not correlate with pain or Lequesne index. Our results suggest that intraarticular injection of IL-1Ra might be self-limited in patients with knee OA and a naturally high SF ratio.
A 15mW 0.2mm/sup 2/ 50MS/s ADC with wide input range (2006)

A 10b 50MS/s pipelined ADC, implemented in a 0.13μm CMOS process, consumes of 15mW and occupies an active die area of 0.2mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2 </sup> . In the prototype ADC, a high-to-low analog level-shifting SHA is proposed to deal with a wide input range of 2V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">PP</sub> differential. A PVT-insensitive bias generator is employed for low voltage operation. The measured DNL and INL are plusmn0.17LSB and plusmn0.16LSB, respectively
Manufacturing Tolerances for Natural Laminar Flow Airframe Surfaces (1985)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In recent years, natural laminar flow (NLF) has been proven to be achievable on modern smooth airframe surfaces over a range of cruise flight conditions representative of most current business and commuter aircraft. Published waviness and boundary-layer transition measurements on several modern metal and composite airframes have demonstrated the fact that achievable surface waviness is readily compatible with laminar flow requirements. Currently, the principle challenge to the manufacture of NLF-compatible surfaces is two-dimensional roughness in the form of steps and gaps at structural joints. This paper presents results of recent NASA investigations on manufacturing tolerances for NLF surfaces, including results of a flight experiment. Based on recent research, recommendations are given for conservative manufacturing tolerances for waviness and shaped steps.</div>
An asymmetric RF tagging IC for ingestible medication compliance capsules (2009)

This paper presents a feasibility study of a low power electronic RF tagging device and a printed capsule antenna for medication compliance monitoring. RF transponders attached directly to the outer surface of a standard sized capsule can potentially serve as a cost-effective method of validating medication compliance via electronic detection of an ingested pill inside the digestive tract. The electrical radiation characteristics of a small biocompatible antenna are analyzed inside a human body model for various FCC telemetry bands using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. Based on this study, a novel asymmetric RF tagging IC is reported. The device is powered by low frequency AC signals to create externally detectable RF bursts in the 915MHz ISM band. A test chip was fabricated in 130nm CMOS technology and experimentally validated inside a phantom solution that mimics the human torso.
Solution‐polymerized rubbers with superior breakdown properties (1970)

Abstract Natural rubber breaks down readily during mechanical mixing, and rubber processors have traditionally made good use of this property. Emulsion SBR rubber breaks down with greater difficulty and some polybutadiene rubbers, not at all. This paper describes a new class of solution elastomers, both polybutadiene and butadiene–styrene copolymers, designed to undergo controlled breakdown during processing. They can be made by reacting active polymer lithium molecules with tin compounds to produce star‐shaped molecules containing a central tin atom connected by tin–carbon bonds. When such a product is mixed with an organic (stearic) acid, some of the tin bonds are ruptured and the desired breakdown occurs. The extent of breakdown can be controlled by the mixing conditions and the amount of organic acid employed. There are numerous applications in which these rubbers process more easily and display better properties than conventional rubbers. Data on breakdown under various conditions and physical properties of the compounds are presented in this paper. In addition to the superior processing characteristics, these products introduce a new concept of elastomer breakdown. The breaking of a polymer chain at a carbon–tin bond by a chemical agent eliminates the need for breaking carbon–carbon bonds by mechanical energy or oxidative degradation. Accomplishing polymer breakdown by a controlled reaction, rather than by conventional means, has long been an unsolved problem of the rubber industry.
Identification of LytSR-regulated genes from Staphylococcus aureus (1996)

In this report, the characterization of a Staphylococcus aureus operon containing two LytSR-regulated genes, lrgA and lrgB, is described. Sequence and mutagenesis studies of these genes suggest that lrgA encodes a murein hydrolase exporter similar to bacteriophage holin proteins while lrgB may encode a protein having murein hydrolase activity.
Effects of Diet and Injection of Bovine Somatotropin on Prepubertal Growth and First-Lactation Milk Yields of Holstein Cows (2000)

To determine effects of rapid prepubertal growth on first-lactation milk production, Holstein heifers were randomly assigned to one of three treatments. Thirty-five heifers were fed a standard diet to meet NRC recommendations and produce 0.8 kg of body weight (BW) gain/d (standard). Thirty-five heifers were fed a diet with higher energy (2.8 Mcal of metabolizable energy/kg) and protein (19.7% crude protein; high diet) to produce 1.2 kg of BW gain/d (high). Thirty-five heifers were fed the high diet and injected daily with bovine somatotropin (bST) (25 microg/kg of BW; high-bST). Diets were fed and bST was injected from 135 kg of BW until pregnancy was confirmed. Heifers were inseminated after BW exceeded 363 kg. Pregnant heifers were commingled and fed similar diets through gestation, parturition, and lactation. High and high-bST heifers had greater prebreeding average BW gains than standard heifers. Conversely, standard heifers had a greater average BW gain during gestation than high and high-bST heifers. High and high-bST heifers were approximately 90 d younger than standard heifers at first insemination and first parturition. Postpartum BW, body condition scores, and withers heights at parturition, and calving ease scores were not different among treatments. Standard heifers produced 14% more milk than high heifers but not more than high-bST heifers. The high-protein, high-energy diet decreased age at first parturition and first-lactation milk production, but did not affect reproduction. Injection of bST during the prepubertal growth period combined with the high diet decreased age at first parturition without reducing milk production.
Intra-Arterial Therapies for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (2013)

Intra-arterial therapies for unresectable hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer include radioembolization (RE) with yttrium-90 microspheres, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), hepatic arterial infusion, and percutaneous hepatic perfusion using an organ isolation system. In this article, we discuss our approach toward treatment selection, followed by details of how RE and TACE are performed at our institution.
Glucagon and the Insulin:Glucagon Ratio in Diabetes and Other Catabolic Illnesses (1971)

The biologic opposition which insulin and glucagon exert upon the liver and adipose tissue suggests that the relative concentrations of these two hormones which perfuse these tissues may determine their net nutrient balance. A review of recent studies of plasma glucagon and insulin levels reveals that the insulin:glucagon ratio (I/G) varies inversely with need for endogenous glucose production, being lowest in total starvation and highest during loading with exogenous carbohydrate. Similarly, the infusion of the glucose precursor, alanine, which in the fasting state causes a fall in I/G, a “catabolic response,” increases I/G during a glucose infusion, an ”anabolic response,/ which must spare alanine from gluconeogenesis. The same bihormonal relationship to need for glucose production has been observed after a protein load; normally after an overnight fast I/G rises in response to a beef meal, an anabolic response, while in the carbohydrate-deprived subject, the I/G does not rise, remaining at a catabolic level; during a glucose infusion the ingestion of a beef meal induces a greatly exaggerated anabolic rise in I/G. These findings are believed to account for certain previously poorly understood clinical observations. They may explain the so-called “protein sparing action” of glucose and the salutory nutritional effect of intravenously administered amino acid preparations when glucose is also provided in large quantities. The inability of diabetics to increase their I/G generally parallels their catabolic state, and, by stimulating glucagon but not insulin, tissue breakdown due to infection or trauma may further reduce the I/G and cause metabolic deterioration. The possible role of the I/G in the response to burns, trauma, infection, and malignancy is considered.
Initial commissioning of the ISAC RIB facility (2003)

Construction began in 1995 on ISAC, a radioactive ion beam (RIB) and accelerator facility at TRIUMF that utilises the ISOL (on-line isotope separation) production method. ISAC includes: a new building, a beam line with adequate shielding to transport up to 100 uA of 500 MeV protons to two target/ion-source stations, remote handling facilities for the targets, a high-resolution mass-separator, linear accelerators and experimental facilities. The ISAC target/ion source station permits the production of nuclei far from stability over a large isotopic range with high luminosity. Ions from the target/ion-source can be transported at energies up to 60 keV through a low-resolution pre-separator magnet followed by a high-acceptance, high-resolution mass-separator magnet to a variety of low energy experimental stations. Alternatively, ions with q/A greater than or equal to 1/30 and an energy of 2 keV/amu can be bunched in the low energy beam transport line prior to a cw RFQ accelerator operating at 35 MHz. The 150 keV/amu beam from the RFQ is stripped and isotopes with a particular q/A greater than or equal to 1/6 are selected for acceleration in a DTL. The DTL is a separated function accelerator with five accelerating tanks and three split-ring bunchers operating cw at 105 MHz. The final energy will be variable from 0.15 to 1.5 MeV/amu. The accelerated beams will be used primarily for nuclear astrophysics studies. The beam commissioning of the proton beam line, target/ion source, mass separator and RFQ has started. The TRIUMF neutral atom trap (TRINAT) and a yield station began using the low energy ISAC beam in November 1998. The RFQ has accelerated stable ions up to 54 keV/amu. The first tank of the drift tube linac and the subsequent buncher have been commissioned at full rf power. Beam commissioning of the DTL is scheduled for the end of 1999. The full-energy RIB will become available for the DRAGON recoil spectrometer at the end of 2000. A new five-year plan that includes an upgrade of ISAC to permit acceleration of radioactive ions up to 6.5 MeV/amu for masses up to 150 amu has been presented for funding.
Bioactive components in milk (2002)

Milk is the only biomaterial that evolved under the Darwinian selective pressure to nourish growing mammals. The purpose of this article is to review the scientific research that is using new techniques of integrating biological sequence, structure and function, to understand the innovative biology underlying the products of that evolutionary pressure. As it emerges that milk is actively communicating between the maternal mammary epithelia and the infant's gastrointestinal system, actively directing and educating the immune, metabolic and microflora systems within the infant, enhancing nutrient absorption and delivery, and conferring multiple means of protection, nutritionists are gaining a host of new molecular targets towards which to build scientific strategies for future foods and clinical applications. As new components and functions are being discovered in milk by using traditional methods and modern genomic tools, the complexities of demonstrating, and particularly in humans, the functional mechanisms behind milk's newly observed physiological benefits are becoming the next challenge of this rapidly growing field.
High-power visible upconversion laser (1991)

Laser output power approaching 0.5 W cw has been obtained at 551 nm by using upconversion pumping of YLiF4:Er 5%. A power slope efficiency of 14% has been determined, and the output coupling for the available pump power has been optimized at 797 nm.
Neuropsychiatric Complications after Cardiopulmonary Bypass (1986)

The authors prospectively investigated the ability of thiopental to decrease neuropsychiatric complications as a consequence of open-ventricle operations requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. Eighty-nine randomly assigned patients received sufficient thiopental to maintain electroencephalographic silence throughout the period from before atrial cannulation to termination of bypass. These patients received an average of 39.5 mg/kg of thiopental, while 93 control patients received only fentanyl. On the first postoperative day, five thiopental (5.6%) and eight control (8.6%) patients exhibited clinical neuropsychiatric abnormalities. By the tenth postoperative day, all neuropsychiatric dysfunction had resolved in the thiopental group but persisted in seven (7.5%) control patients (P less than 0.025). The incidence of complications was significantly related to calcification of replaced valves, aortic valve replacement, advanced age, and prolonged bypass, but not to low blood pressure during perfusion. The authors believe their data are consistent with embolism as the most important cause of sensory-motor neurologic dysfunction following cardiopulmonary bypass. The data also provide evidence that thiopental in sufficient dosage can reduce the clinical consequences of these events. This is the first demonstration of cerebral protection by a barbiturate in humans.
Ospemifene 12-month safety and efficacy in postmenopausal women with vulvar and vaginal atrophy (2013)

The findings of this 52-week study confirm the tolerance and efficacy of oral ospemifene previously reported in short- and long-term studies.
Effectiveness of haptic feedback in open surgery simulation and training systems. (2006)

This paper presents progress in the development of an untethered haptic feedback system for open surgery simulation and training being developed by Energid Technologies. A key innovation in our simulation is an untethered haptic feedback method. In this paper, we describe our approach to developing an effective untethered haptic feedback system, and our current progress. We also present the results of a haptic feedback effectiveness study which explores how haptic rendering accuracy behaves as a function of sampling rate for tool tracking.