gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
K-tree: a height balanced tree structured vector quantizer (2002)

We describe a clustering algorithm for the design of height balanced trees for vector quantisation.The algorithm is a hybrid of the B-tree and the k-means clustering procedure.K-tree supports on-line dynamic tree construction.The properties of the resulting search tree and clustering codebook are comparable to that of codebooks obtained by TSVQ, the commonly used recursive k-means algorithm for constructing vector quantization search trees.The K-tree algorithm scales up to larger data sets than TSVQ, produces codebooks with somewhat higher distortion rates, but facilitates greater control over the properties of the resulting codebooks.We demonstrate the properties and performance of K-tree and compare it with TSVQ and with k-means.
Elastic Wave Propagation from Point Excitations on Thin-Walled Cylindrical Shells (1990)

The circular cylindrical shell is described by equations that govern wave propagation in a two-dimensional homogeneous, but anisotropic and dispersive, medium. The idealization of an unbounded medium is applicable if the source is replaced by a periodic array of forces, the repetition distance being the cylinder circumference. Analytical expressions and calculations are presented for wavefront patterns, amplitude distributions, polarizations, and phase velocities for waves on the cylinder surface. The analysis includes all three possible directions of the exciting force and gives fundamental results that can be superimposed to predict vibration fields resulting from arbitrary excitations.
EMI Suppression in Voltage Source Converters by Utilizing dc-link Decoupling Capacitors (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Direct current (dc)-link decoupling capacitors are normally used to control the voltage overshoot of switching devices in voltage source converters. This paper analyzes decoupling capacitors' impacts on device electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise as well as on device voltage stress. The design and selection of decoupling capacitors considering both voltage stress and EMI suppression are presented. A new high-frequency EMI filter by utilizing the decoupling capacitors is proposed. The filter is adopted as a local EMI filter for power modules. The integratable characteristics of the proposed filter are discussed. Simulation and experimental results verify the design. This high-frequency filter shows good attenuation for high-frequency EMI noise and voltage overshoot suppression. </para>
Pharmacological properties of GR38032F, a novel antagonist at 5‐HT<sub>3</sub> receptors (1988)

1. This paper describes the pharmacology of the novel 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist GR38032F. 2. On the isolated vagus nerve and superior cervical ganglion of the rat, R,S-GR38032F behaved as a reversible competitive antagonist of 5-HT-induced depolarization with pKB values of 8.61 +/- 0.08 (n = 19) and 8.13 +/- 0.07 (n = 16), respectively. The resolved R- and S-isomers of GR38032F were approximately equipotent as 5-HT antagonists on the rat vagus nerve: the pKB values were 8.95 +/- 0.05 (n = 16) and 8.63 +/- 0.08 (n = 17), respectively. R,S-GR38032F was also an effective antagonist of 5-HT on the rabbit isolated vagus nerve: in this case the pKB value was 9.40 +/- 0.14 (n = 4). 3. On the rabbit isolated heart, low concentrations of R,S-GR38032F (3 X 10(-11)-1 X 10(-9) M) antagonized the positive chronotropic effect of 5-HT and 2-methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine (2-methyl-5-HT). However, the effects of the compound did not appear consistent with simple reversible competition. 4. On the longitudinal smooth muscle of the guinea-pig ileum, R,S-GR38032F caused concentration-dependent parallel rightward displacement of the 2-methyl-5-HT concentration-contraction response curve; in contrast, a portion of the response to 5-HT appeared resistant to R,S-GR38032F. pKB values estimated from the effects of the compound against 2-methyl-5-HT or the inhibitable portion of the response to 5-HT were 7.31 +/- 0.06 (n = 8) and 7.33 +/- 0.13 (n = 8), respectively. Against 2-methyl-5-HT, R-GR38032F seemed more potent (pKB 7.20 +/- 0.10; n = 6) than S-GR38032F (pKB 6.30 +/- 0.05; n = 6). 5. R,S-GR38032F is highly selective for 5-HT3 receptors, and at concentrations of 3 X 10(-6)-3 X 10(-5) M, had negligible agonist or antagonist activity on other 5-HT or non-5-HT receptor-containing tissues on which it was tested. 6. The potency and duration of action of R,S-GR38032F in blocking 5-HT3 receptors in vivo were assessed by measuring its ability to antagonize the bradycardic response to 5-HT or 2-methyl-5-HT administered intravenously (i.v.) to anaesthetized animals. For i.v. administration to the rat, the ED50 for R,S-GR38032F against 2-methyl-5-HT (100pgkg-1) was 0.4 (95% confidence limits 0.18- 0.87) ygkg-1 (n = 10); the corresponding value for oral administration to this species was 7.0 (3.0- 22.0)pgkg-' (n = 8-10 per dose level). R,S-GR38032F was similarly effective in the anaesthetized cat. 7. The present results are discussed with reference to the postulated existence of subtypes of the 5-HT3 receptor.
EPAS1 trans-Activation during Hypoxia Requires p42/p44 MAPK (1999)

Hypoxia is a common environmental stress that regulates gene expression and cell function. A number of hypoxia-regulated transcription factors have been identified and have been shown to play critical roles in mediating cellular responses to hypoxia. One of these is the endothelial PAS-domain protein 1 (EPAS1/HIF2-alpha/HLF/HRF). This protein is 48% homologous to hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1-alpha). To date, virtually nothing is known about the signaling pathways that lead to either EPAS1 or HIF1-alpha activation. Here we show that EPAS1 is phosphorylated when PC12 cells are exposed to hypoxia and that p42/p44 MAPK is a critical mediator of EPAS1 activation. Pretreatment of PC12 cells with the MEK inhibitor, PD98059, completely blocked hypoxia-induced trans-activation of a hypoxia response element (HRE) reporter gene by transfected EPAS1. Likewise, expression of a constitutively active MEK1 mimicked the effects of hypoxia on HRE reporter gene expression. However, pretreatment with PD98059 had no effect on EPAS1 phosphorylation during hypoxia, suggesting that MAPK targets other proteins that are critical for the trans-activation of EPAS1. We further show that hypoxia-induced trans-activation of EPAS1 is independent of Ras. Finally, pretreatment with calmodulin antagonists nearly completely blocked both the hypoxia-induced phosphorylation of MAPK and the EPAS1 trans-activation of HRE-Luc. These results demonstrate that the MAPK pathway is a critical mediator of EPAS1 activation and that activation of MAPK and EPAS1 occurs through a calmodulin-sensitive pathway and not through the GTPase, Ras. These results are the first to identify a specific signaling pathway involved in EPAS1 activation.
Improved glycine-extracted complement-fixing antigen for human cytomegalovirus (1977)

High-titered, sensitive, and stable complement-fixing antigens for human cytomegalovirus were consistently produced from human diploid fibroblast cells infected at a high multiplicity of virus, harvested after 7 days of incubation, and sonically treated immediately in 0.1 M glycine buffer, pH 9.5.
Detection and identification of topology errors in electric power systems (1988)

A method for detecting topology errors in electric power networks is developed by providing a geometric interpretation of the measurement residuals caused by such errors. A test for single topology errors is presented that is similar to the normalized residuals test for measurement errors. This test is generalized to multiple topology errors. The concept of critical network branches (where their removal renders the network unobservable) is introduced and extended to critical-branch k-tuples. It is shown that topology errors on critical branches cannot be detected from measurement residuals. An equation is developed for a matrix whose column linear dependencies determine topology error detectability and identifiability. An example for an IEEE 14 bus network is provided.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Statistical methods for longitudinal research on bipolar disorders (2003)

Outcome studies in bipolar illness ideally should be longitudinal in orientation, obtain outcomes data frequently over extended times, and employ large study samples. Missing data problems can be expected, and data analytic methods must accommodate missingness.
Medical device-related pressure ulcers (2016)

Abstract: Pressure ulcers from medical devices are common and can cause significant morbidity in patients of all ages. These pressure ulcers appear in the shape of the device and are most often found from the use of oxygen delivery devices. A hospital program designed to reduce the number of pressure ulcers from medical devices was successful. The program involved the development of a team that focused on skin, the results were then published for the staff to track their performance, and it was found that using foam dressings helped reduce the pressure from the device. The incidence of ulcers from medical devices has remained at zero at this hospital since this program was implemented. Keywords: pressure ulcer, medical device related
Synthesis and properties of starch phosphate monoesters (1994)

The work aims at studying the dependence of the type and nature of starch phosphates on the concentration of reactants, temperature, time as well as pH of the reaction medium. In addition certain properties of starch phosphate such as viscosity, acidity, solubility and nitrogen content are examined
Easy access to oxygenated block polymers via switchable catalysis (2019)

Oxygenated block polyols are versatile, potentially bio-based and/or degradable materials widely applied in the manufacture of coatings, resins, polyurethanes and other products. Typical preparations involve multistep syntheses and/or macroinitiator approaches. Here, a straightforward and well-controlled one-pot synthesis of ABA triblocks, namely poly(ether-b-ester-b-ether), and ABCBA pentablocks, of the form poly(ester-b-ether-b-ester'-b-ether-b-ester), using a commercial chromium catalyst system is described. The polymerization catalysis exploits mechanistic switches between anhydride/epoxide ring-opening copolymerization, epoxide ring-opening polymerization and lactone ring-opening polymerization without requiring any external stimuli. Testing a range of anhydrides, epoxides and chain-transfer agents reveals some of the requirements and guidelines for successful catalysis. Following these rules of switch catalysis with multiple monomer additions allows the preparation of multiblock polymers of the form (ABA)<sub>n</sub> up to 15 blocks. Overall, this switchable catalysis delivers polyols in a straightforward and highly controlled manner. As proof of potential for the materials, methods to post-functionalize and/or couple the polyols to make higher polymers are demonstrated.
Copolymers of Butadiene with Halogenated Styrenes (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCopolymers of Butadiene with Halogenated StyrenesC. S. Marvel, G. E. Inskeep, Rudolph Deanin , A. Juve, C. Schroeder, and M. GoffCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1947, 39, 11, 1486–1490Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50455a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50455a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
TLR1/2 Activation during Heterologous Prime-Boost Vaccination (DNA-MVA) Enhances CD8+ T Cell Responses Providing Protection against Leishmania (Viannia) (2011)

Given the general effectiveness of prime-boost vaccination, the recalcitrance of Leishmania (Viannia) to vaccine approaches effective against other species of Leishmania is again evident. However, prime-boost vaccination modality can with modulation induce protective responses, indicating that the delivery system is critical. Moreover, these results suggest that CD8 T cells should be targeted for the development of a vaccine against infection caused by Leishmania (Viannia) parasites. Further, TLR1/2 modulation may be useful in vaccines where CD8 T cell responses are critical.
A large scale exploratory analysis of software vulnerability life cycles (2012)

Software systems inherently contain vulnerabilities that have been exploited in the past resulting in significant revenue losses. The study of vulnerability life cycles can help in the development, deployment, and maintenance of software systems. It can also help in designing future security policies and conducting audits of past incidents. Furthermore, such an analysis can help customers to assess the security risks associated with software products of different vendors. In this paper, we conduct an exploratory measurement study of a large software vulnerability data set containing 46310 vulnerabilities disclosed since 1988 till 2011. We investigate vulnerabilities along following seven dimensions: (1) phases in the life cycle of vulnerabilities, (2) evolution of vulnerabilities over the years, (3) functionality of vulnerabilities, (4) access requirement for exploitation of vulnerabilities, (5) risk level of vulnerabilities, (6) software vendors, and (7) software products. Our exploratory analysis uncovers several statistically significant findings that have important implications for software development and deployment.
Novel dnaG mutation in a dnaP mutant of Escherichia coli (1985)

Reexamination of the dnaP18 mutant strain of Escherichia coli revealed that the mutation responsible for the arrest of DNA replication and cell growth at high temperatures resides in the dnaG gene rather than in the dnaP locus as previously thought; this mutation has been designated dnaG2903.
Image restoration using a neural network (1988)

An approach for restoration of gray level images degraded by a known shift invariant blur function and additive noise is presented using a neural computational network. A neural network model is used to represent a possibly nonstationary image whose gray level function is the simple sum of the neuron state variables. The restoration procedure consists of two stages: estimation of the parameters of the neural network model and reconstruction of images. Owing to the model's fault-tolerant nature and computation capability, a high-quality image is obtained using this approach. A practical algorithm with reduced computational complexity is also presented. A procedure for learning the blur parameters from prototypes of original and degraded images is outlined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
詹姆斯·卡梅隆与他的《阿凡达》 (2010)

未来世界，科技发达，外星已不再那么神秘。潘多拉星，一个有着900英尺高的参天古树，有着飘浮于半空的群山，有着生长着奇花异草的茂密森林的星球，是人类最新的发现。然而，让地球人兴奋不已的，并不是因为它表面环境与地球近似或是它上面有供动植物生存的可能，而是因为一种矿产——每公斤价值2000万美金的稀有矿产。面对价值连城的稀有矿产，人类又怎舍得让它从指缝中溜走？为了取得潘多拉星的资源，“阿凡达”计划正式开启。此计划凭借人类与潘多拉星球上纳威人的DNA混血，以生物技术培养出身高近3米、
Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Activity and Toxicity of Type III Phosphatidylinositol-4-Kinase Beta Inhibitors (2012)

Type III phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase beta (PI4KIIIβ) was previously implicated in hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication by small interfering RNA (siRNA) depletion and was therefore proposed as a novel cellular target for the treatment of hepatitis C. Medicinal chemistry efforts identified highly selective PI4KIIIβ inhibitors that potently inhibited the replication of genotype 1a and 1b HCV replicons and genotype 2a virus in vitro. Replicon cells required more than 5 weeks to reach low levels of 3- to 5-fold resistance, suggesting a high resistance barrier to these cellular targets. Extensive in vitro profiling of the compounds revealed a role of PI4KIIIβ in lymphocyte proliferation. Previously proposed functions of PI4KIIIβ in insulin secretion and the regulation of several ion channels were not perturbed with these inhibitors. Moreover, PI4KIIIβ inhibitors were not generally cytotoxic as demonstrated across hundreds of cell lines and primary cells. However, an unexpected antiproliferative effect in lymphocytes precluded their further development for the treatment of hepatitis C.
The weighted average flux method applied to the Euler equations (1992)

Abstract The weighted average flux method (WAF) for general hyperbolic conservation laws was formulated by Toro. Here the method is specialized to the time-dependent Euler equations of gas dynamics. Several improvements to the technique are presented. These have resulted from experience obtained from applying WAF to a variety of realistic problems. A hierarchy of solutions to the relevant Riemann problem, ranging from very simple approximations to the exact solution, are presented. Their performance in the WAF method for several test problems in one and two dimensions is assessed.
On Rehabilitating Chronic Traffic Offenders (1956)

As a consequence, current efforts at rehabilitating chronic traffic offenders take the form of traffic court schools. And they are schools in a literal sense: six to twenty hours of lectures, films and discussion about traffic laws, local traffic ordinances and driving skills. The author knows of approximately 100 such schools. Yet over 38,000 persons were killed in traffic accidents in 1955, and more than 1,300,000 were injured or permanently disabled (13). The discrepancy between current rehabilitative efforts and these annual tolls cannot readily be defended-either in terms of the number of schools or in terms of their nature-particularly when traffic accidents and violations
Organic sulfur compounds. XIX. Addition of dithiols to diallyl maleate: A new concept of polyester synthesis<sup>1</sup> (1966)

Abstract Selective free radical polyadditions of dithiols to the allylic double bonds of diallyl maleate result in polyesters having maleic unsaturation. Using aliphatic 1,2‐ and 1,3‐dithiols a stepwise preparation of such polyesters is possible since the first thiol group reacts more readily than the second. NMR spectroscopy was found to be a most useful tool in determining the course and extent of such selective reactions. The polyesters can be readily crosslinked by an ionic M ICHAEL ‐type addition of dithiols to their maleic double bonds. Free radical copolymerization with styrene can also be used to produce crosslinked networks.
Java network security (1998)

Performance management performance measurement network applications software performance applications applets networks quick tips and recipes.
Intracellular sorting and processing of a yeast vacuolar hydrolase: proteinase A propeptide contains vacuolar targeting information. (1988)

An inactive precursor form of proteinase A (PrA) transits through the early secretory pathway before final vacuolar delivery. We used gene fusions between the gene coding for PrA (PEP4) and the gene coding for the secretory enzyme invertase (SUC2) to identify vacuolar protein-sorting information in the PrA precursor. We found that the 76-amino-acid preprosegment of PrA contains at least two sorting signals: an amino-terminal signal peptide that is cleaved from the protein at the level of the endoplasmic reticulum followed by the prosegment which functions as a vacuolar protein-sorting signal. PrA-invertase hybrid proteins that carried this sequence information were accurately sorted to the yeast vacuole as determined by cell fractionation and immunolocalization studies. Hybrid proteins lacking all or a portion of the PrA prosegment were secreted from the cell. Our gene fusion data together with an analysis of the wild-type PrA protein indicated that N-linked carbohydrate modifications are not required for vacuolar sorting of this protein. Furthermore, results obtained with a set of deletion mutations constructed in the PrA prosegment indicated that this sequence also contributes to proper folding of this polypeptide into a stable transit-competent molecule.
Computer architecture: pipelined and parallel processor design (1995)

From the Publisher:
Abstracts the essential elements of processor design and emphasizes a design methodology including design concepts, design target data, and evaluation tools.
Corrosion prevention by protective coatings, Second edition (1999)

This much-used and relied upon book has been revised and updated by Louis D. Vincent to create the second edition. The comprehensive text covers all aspects of the use of high-performance coatings, including an introduction to corrosion as related to coatings, coating characteristics, influence of substrates, organic and zinc coatings, inspection, training, and others. Two new chapters, on elastomeric linings and computer-assisted coatings project management programs, treat new technology developed since the first edition was published. The book is a comprehensive reference tool for engineers, paint superintendents, and maintenance personnel.
Characterization of CA125 Glycoprotein Using 3 Monoclonal Antibodies with Different Specificities (1994)

CA125 and CA130 in various tissues were characterized using the monoclonal antibodies OC125, 130-22, and 145-9. CA125 and CA130 were eluted in the same fraction in 130-22 affinity chromatography. A sandwich immunoradiometric assay using these antibodies in combination was established. When the solid phase of the assay was changed from OC125 to 145-9, the amount of 125I-OC125 that reacted with CA125 in the amnion increased more than that in other samples. On SDS-PAGE, CA125 and CA130 epitopes in the amnion migrated to different positions. These results indicate that CA125 and CA130 are located on different subunits of the same glycoprotein, and that their synthesis is regulated differently in various tissues.
Determination of pore diameter and molecular weight cut-off of hydrogel-membrane liquid-core capsules for immunoisolation (2001)

The exclusion limit expressed as the largest pore size of capsules composed of hydrogel Ca-alginate membrane and hydroxy-propyl-ammonium starch liquid core considered as the immunoprotective system has been determined by means of inverse size exclusion chromatography with dextran molecular weight standards. The exclusion limits of the capsules were not influenced by the change of starch concentration in the core solution from 4 to 6% but were influenced by the change in alginate concentration in the membrane from 0.5 to 1.0%, causing the membranes to be less permeable. It was found that the diameter of the largest pores in hydrogel membranes was in the range 7.2-8.0 nm. Based on the relationship between solute size and its molecular weight, the capsules had an approximate exclusion limit of 21-25 kD for dextran and 78-103 kD for protein, which is sufficient to block the antibodies penetrating through the membrane.