gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prognostics framework for remaining life prediction of Cutty Sark iron structures (2009)

The Cutty Sark is undergoing major conservation to slow down the deterioration of the original Victorian fabric of the ship. The conservation work being carried out is “state of the art” but there is no evidence at present for predictions of the effectiveness of the conservation work 50 plus years ahead. 

A Prognostics Framework is being developed to monitor the “health” of the ship’s iron structures to help ensure a 50 year life once restoration is completed. 

This paper presents the prognostics framework being developed using three prognostics approaches:

Physics-of-Failure (PoF) models, Data-driven methods and
a fusion approach integrating both former approaches. 

“Canary” and “Parrot” devices have been designed to
mimic the actual mechanisms that would lead to failure of
the iron structures. 

A PoF model based on decrease of corrosion rate over time is used to predict the remaining life of an iron structure. Mahalanobis Distance (MD) is used as a precursor monitoring technique to obtain a single comparison metric from multiple sensor data to represent anomalies detected in the system which could lead to failures. 

Bayesian Network models integrating remaining life predictions from PoF models with information of possible anomalies from MD analysis, are used to obtain more accurate predictions of remaining life. 

As a demonstration, PoF models and MD analysis are applied to a pair of “canary” and “parrot” devices for which corrosion data was generated using temperature, humidity and time as the factors causing corrosion.
Reductive Desulfurization of Dibenzyldisulfide (1992)

Dibenzyldisulfide was reductively degraded by a methanogenic mixed culture derived from a sewage digestor. Toluene was produced with benzyl mercaptan as an intermediate in sulfur-limited medium. Toluene production was strictly associated with biological activity; however, the reducing agent for the culture medium, Ti(III), was partially responsible for production of benzyl mercaptan. Sulfide was not detected. Additions of sodium sulfide did not inhibit toluene production. Additions of 2-bromoethane sulfonic acid prevented methanogenesis but did not adversely affect toluene yields.
Reducing Latency for Multimedia Broadcast Services Over Mobile Networks (2016)

Multimedia services over mobile networks pose several challenges, such as the efficient management of radio resources or the latency induced by network delays and buffering requirements on the multimedia players. In Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks, the definition of multimedia broadcast services over a common radio channel addresses the shortage of radio resources but introduces the problem of network error recovery. In order to address network errors on LTE multimedia broadcast services, the current standards propose the combined use of forward error correction and unicast recovery techniques at the application level. This paper shows how to efficiently synchronize the broadcasting server and the multimedia players and how to reduce service latency by limiting the multimedia player buffer length. This is accomplished by analyzing the relation between the different parameters of the LTE multimedia broadcast service, the multimedia player buffer length, and service interruptions. A case study is simulated to confirm how the quality of the multimedia service is improved by applying our proposals.
Performance measurement of mobile manipulators (2015)

This paper describes a concept for measuring the reproducible performance of mobile manipulators to be used for assembly or other similar tasks. An automatic guided vehicle with an onboard robot arm was programmed to repeatedly move to and stop at a novel, reconfigurable mobile manipulator artifact (RMMA), sense the RMMA, and detect targets on the RMMA. The manipulator moved a laser retroreflective sensor to detect small reflectors that can be reconfigured to measure various manipulator positions and orientations (poses). This paper describes calibration of a multi-camera, motion capture system using a 6 degree-of-freedom metrology bar and then using the camera system as a ground truth measurement device for validation of the reproducible mobile manipulator’s experiments and test method. Static performance measurement of a mobile manipulator using the RMMA has proved useful for relatively high tolerance pose estimation and other metrics that support standard test method development for indexed and dynamic mobile manipulator applications.
Modulation of deregulated chaperone-mediated autophagy by a phosphopeptide (2015)

The P140 peptide, a 21-mer linear peptide (sequence 131-151) generated from the spliceosomal SNRNP70/U1-70K protein, contains a phosphoserine residue at position 140. It significantly ameliorates clinical manifestations in autoimmune patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and enhances survival in MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice. Previous studies showed that after P140 treatment, there is an accumulation of autophagy markers sequestosome 1/p62 and MAP1LC3-II in MRL/lpr B cells, consistent with a downregulation of autophagic flux. We now identify chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) as a target of P140 and demonstrate that its inhibitory effect on CMA is likely tied to its ability to alter the composition of HSPA8/HSC70 heterocomplexes. As in the case of HSPA8, expression of the limiting CMA component LAMP2A, which is increased in MRL/lpr B cells, is downregulated after P140 treatment. We also show that P140, but not the unphosphorylated peptide, uses the clathrin-dependent endo-lysosomal pathway to enter into MRL/lpr B lymphocytes and accumulates in the lysosomal lumen where it may directly hamper lysosomal HSPA8 chaperoning functions, and also destabilize LAMP2A in lysosomes as a result of its effect on HSP90AA1. This dual effect may interfere with the endogenous autoantigen processing and loading to major histocompatibility complex class II molecules and as a consequence, lead to lower activation of autoreactive T cells. These results shed light on mechanisms by which P140 can modulate lupus disease and exert its tolerogenic activity in patients. The unique selective inhibitory effect of the P140 peptide on CMA may be harnessed in other pathological conditions in which reduction of CMA activity would be desired.
Common-Law Marriage: What It Is and How to Prove It (1960)

Marriage" may be defined as a civil status of one man and one woman capable of contracting, united by contract and mutual consent for life, for the discharge, to each other and to the community, of the duties legally incumbent on those, whose associations are founded on the distinction of sex.! A com-law marriage is a civil contract and, in the absence of special statutory requirements, is completely consummated per verba praesenti, even though not followed by cohabitation.2 Common-law marriages are recognized in eighteen states.3 South Carolina is one of those states which recognizes them.4 Generally, the question of the validity of a common-law marriage comes into focus in settlements of decedents' estates, legitimacy of children situations, Workmen's Compensation cases, cases involving the wife's dower rights, bigamy proceedings, and Wrohgful Death cases.The law of common-law marriage, as laid down by the case decisions in South Carolina, is not replete.In this note wherever possible the law applicable to South Carolina has been cited; however, where no South Carolina law covering the point could be found, the law from other jurisdictions which recognize the common-law marriage is cited.CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMON-LAW MARRIAGE.The law of marriage in this country traces its origin back to the ancient canon law, which consisted of the decrees of the various Popes, was the basis of the matrimonial law in England, and has been recognized there ever since the establishment of Christianity. 5 In view of the importance of marriage as a social institution and the benefits accruing therefrom, it is favored by pub-1.55 C.
Molecular analysis of rugosity in a <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> O1 El Tor phase variant (2004)

Reversible phase variation between the rugose and smooth colony variants is predicted to be important for the survival of Vibrio cholerae in natural aquatic habitats. Microarray expression profiling studies of the rugose and smooth variants of the same strain led to the identification of 124 differentially regulated genes. Further expression profiling experiments showed how these genes are regulated by the VpsR and HapR transcription factors, which, respectively, positively and negatively regulate production of VPS(El Tor), a rugose-associated extracellular polysaccharide. The study of mutants of rpoN and rpoS demonstrated the effects of these alternative sigma factors on phase variation-specific gene expression. Bioinformatics analysis of these expression data shows that 'rugosity' and 'smoothness' are determined by a complex hierarchy of positive and negative regulators, which also affect the biofilm, surface hydrophobicity and motility phenotypes of the organism.
ELTD1, a Potential New Biomarker for Gliomas (2012)

Results of this study strongly suggests that associative analysis was able to accurately identify ELTD1 as a putative glioma-associated biomarker. The detection of ELTD1 was also validated in both rodent and human gliomas and may serve as an additional biomarker for gliomas in preclinical and clinical diagnosis of gliomas.
Viral population analysis and minority-variant detection using short read next-generation sequencing (2013)

RNA viruses within infected individuals exist as a population of evolutionary-related variants. Owing to evolutionary change affecting the constitution of this population, the frequency and/or occurrence of individual viral variants can show marked or subtle fluctuations. Since the development of massively parallel sequencing platforms, such viral populations can now be investigated to unprecedented resolution. A critical problem with such analyses is the presence of sequencing-related errors that obscure the identification of true biological variants present at low frequency. Here, we report the development and assessment of the Quality Assessment of Short Read (QUASR) Pipeline (http://sourceforge.net/projects/quasr) specific for virus genome short read analysis that minimizes sequencing errors from multiple deep-sequencing platforms, and enables post-mapping analysis of the minority variants within the viral population. QUASR significantly reduces the error-related noise in deep-sequencing datasets, resulting in increased mapping accuracy and reduction of erroneous mutations. Using QUASR, we have determined influenza virus genome dynamics in sequential samples from an in vitro evolution of 2009 pandemic H1N1 (A/H1N1/09) influenza from samples sequenced on both the Roche 454 GSFLX and Illumina GAIIx platforms. Importantly, concordance between the 454 and Illumina sequencing allowed unambiguous minority-variant detection and accurate determination of virus population turnover in vitro.
Analog behavioral models for simulation and synthesis of mixed-signal systems (2003)

A behavioral simulator is shown to be an essential part of a performance-driven hierarchical top-down design strategy for analog blocks within mixed-signal integrated systems. It is used to accurately estimate the performance of the system while down-mapping the specifications over the hierarchy, in order to avoid time-consuming design iterations. It is also indispensable for the final bottom-up verification after completion of the design, as well as for testing purposes. The authors describe the set-up of the generic behavioral models for this simulator, which describe the functional behavior of the analog blocks, independent of the internal architecture. In addition to the nominal behavior, the models also include the important second-order effects (nonidealities, noise, distortion . . .) as well as the statistical variations of most parameters. This is then illustrated in detail for the statistical minimum-rank model of a Nyquist-rate A/D converter. System-level applications show the effectiveness and accuracy of this model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fast odd sinusoidal transform algorithms (2002)

In a previous paper (see Electron. Lett., vol.25, no.22, p.1499-1500, 1989), the authors have shown that it is possible to map an odd-length type-II and type-III even discrete cosine transform (EDCT) to a real-valued DFT of the same length with sign changes and permutations only. In this work, the authors extend the approach to device-efficient algorithms for computing the odd discrete cosine and sine transforms (ODCT and ODST). It is found that a N point type-I ODCT can be reformulated as a (2N-1)-point DFT of a real-symmetric sequence. Also, by representing the odd indices in the type-II, -III and -IV transforms using the Ruritanian map, it is possible to construct a simple index mapping which maps the transforms to a type-I ODCT or ODST of the same length with permutations and sign changes only. Similar results are obtained for the odd sine transforms. Using the Kronecker matrix product representation of the multidimensional transforms all these algorithms can be generalized to higher dimensions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Female sexual response: the role of drugs in the management of sexual dysfunction (2001)

A large component of women's sexual desire is responsive rather than spontaneous. Therefore, women's motivation and ability to find and respond to sexual stimuli to experience sexual arousal and subsequent sexual desire is crucial, but complex. In ongoing relationships, a woman's motivation appears to be largely influenced by her emotional intimacy with her partner and her wish to enhance it. Drugs (including androgen replacement therapy) aimed at increasing women's spontaneous sexual wanting (less characteristic of women in long-term relationships) or their arousability may have a role if other psychologic factors affecting arousability are addressed in tandem. A woman's sexual arousal is composite and complex, correlating well with how mentally exciting she finds the sexual stimulus and its context and poorly with objective genital blood flow changes. Drugs aimed at increasing the latter, including phosphodiesterase inhibitors, may have a role if there is prior careful enquiry as to whether genital engorgement is present but not attended to or is physically absent. Psychophysiologic studies to date suggest the former is common in women presenting with arousal disorder.
Fluorescence Lifetime Cross Correlation Spectroscopy Resolves EGFR and Antagonist Interaction in Live Cells (2010)

Fluorescence correlation or cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCS or FCCS), a single molecule technique, has the ability to provide highly sensitive information on interaction and dynamics of biomolecules both in vitro and in vivo. However, the inherent drawback of FCS is that species with similar molecular weight could not be differentiated. Although FCCS could resolve this through cross-correlation, it suffers from nonideal confocal volume overlap and spectral cross-talk which limits its application. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time the applicability of fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy (FLCS) to monitor the interaction of an antagonist antibody with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in live cells. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the interaction of Cy5 labeled IgG and Alexa633 labeled anti-IgG using a single laser source (636 nm excitation) in vitro. The autocorrelation functions were separated based on their respective lifetime with a single detector and their K(d) value was determined to be 11 +/- 3 nM. An in vivo application constituting the interaction of EGFR neutralizing antibody labeled with Alexa488 and EGFR-GFP in live HEK293 cells was successfully demonstrated. The binding specificity of EGFR neutralizing antibody was confirmed by fluorescence lifetime cross-correlation measurements and fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM). The dissociation constant of this complex was found to be 9.2 +/- 2.7 nM. A quantitative assessment of receptor density calculations show that the density of EGFR significantly decreased, from 540 +/- 64 receptors/microm(2) to 38 +/- 7 receptors/microm(2) upon addition of the neutralizing EGFR antibody, indicating that the antagonist could induce receptor internalization. The demonstrated work not only opens up new opportunities in studying protein-protein interactions in solutions and in live cells but also provide new insights in biology to understand how the antagonists influence EGFR through live cell quantification and imaging.
Multiparty Computation from Threshold Homomorphic Encryption (2000)

We introduce a new approach to multiparty computation (MPC) basing<br />it on homomorphic threshold crypto-systems. We show that given<br />keys for any sufficiently efficient system of this type, general MPC protocols<br />for n players can be devised which are secure against an active<br />adversary that corrupts any minority of the players. The total number of<br />bits sent is O(nk|C|), where k is the security parameter and |C| is the size<br />of a (Boolean) circuit computing the function to be securely evaluated.<br />An earlier proposal by Franklin and Haber with the same complexity was<br />only secure for passive adversaries, while all earlier protocols with active<br />security had complexity at least quadratic in n. We give two examples<br />of threshold cryptosystems that can support our construction and lead<br />to the claimed complexities.
Multi-species trace gas detection by rapidly swept cavity ringdown spectroscopy (2007)

A cavity ringdown spectrometer, based on a rapidly swept optical cavity and multiple-wavelength coherent radiation, detects several gas-phase molecules simultaneously. This comprises a compact, high-performance instrument for efficient spectroscopic sensing of gases.
HONEY (1987)

Factors involved in the transformation of nectar from flowering plants into honey have been the subject of study. Honey is said to have many beneficial properties and uses. The methods of extracting and purifying it are described, with detail about its components and some of its chemical and physical properties. The effects of storage and methods of packaging are also outlined.
Guidelines for the investigation of chronic diarrhoea, 2nd edition (2003)

1.0 PREFACE 1.1 Purpose of guidelines These guidelines were compiled at the request of the Chairman of the British Society of Gastroenterology’s clinical services committee. The guidelines are directed at consultant gastroenterologists, specialist registrars in training, and general practitioners, and refer specifically to adult not paediatric gastroenterology. Their purpose is to provide guidance on the best available methods of investigating symptoms of chronic diarrhoea. Given this broad symptom based focus, the guidelines cover a wide range of gastroenterological conditions and are not intended as a comprehensive review of all aspects of the clinical conditions mentioned herein, but rather an attempt to rationalise the approach to investigation in the context of this common clinical scenario. 1.2 Development of guidelines The guidelines were prepared following a comprehensive literature search by Dr PD Thomas. This involved a review of electronic databases (Medline and PubMed) using keywords such as “diarrhea”, “chronic”, “diagnostic evaluation”, “investigation”, “malabsorption”, and terms related to the specific conditions mentioned in the text (for example, coeliac disease and small bowel bacterial overgrowth). Papers relating to diarrhoea in the context of immunodeficiency syndromes were specifically excluded from this review as this subject was felt to require a different investigative approach. A total of 530 key papers and relevant abstracts in English in peer reviewed journals were identified and read, and relevant work has been cited and referenced. An initial draft document was produced and subsequently reviewed and modified by a multidisciplinary group comprising clinical gastroenterologists, radiologists, and biochemists.
On-Line Segmentation Algorithm for Continuously Monitored Data in Intensive Care Units (2004)

An on-line segmentation algorithm is presented in this paper. It is developed to preprocess data describing the patient's state, sampled at high frequencies in intensive care units, with a further purpose of alarm filtering. The algorithm splits the signal monitored into line segments--continuous or discontinuous--of various lengths and determines on-line when a new segment must be calculated. The delay of detection of a new line segment depends on the importance of the change: the more important the change, the quicker the detection. The linear segments are a correct approximation of the structure of the signal. They emphasise steady-states, level changes and trends occurring on the data. The information returned by the algorithm, which is the time at which the segment begins, its ordinate and its slope, is sufficient to completely reconstruct the filtered signal. This makes the algorithm an interesting tool to provide a processed time history record of the monitored variable. It can also be used to extract on-line information on the signal, such as its trend, in the short or long term.
Edge-Enhanced GAN for Remote Sensing Image Superresolution (2019)

The current superresolution (SR) methods based on deep learning have shown remarkable comparative advantages but remain unsatisfactory in recovering the high-frequency edge details of the images in noise-contaminated imaging conditions, e.g., remote sensing satellite imaging. In this paper, we propose a generative adversarial network (GAN)-based edge-enhancement network (EEGAN) for robust satellite image SR reconstruction along with the adversarial learning strategy that is insensitive to noise. In particular, EEGAN consists of two main subnetworks: an ultradense subnetwork (UDSN) and an edge-enhancement subnetwork (EESN). In UDSN, a group of 2-D dense blocks is assembled for feature extraction and to obtain an intermediate high-resolution result that looks sharp but is eroded with artifacts and noises as previous GAN-based methods do. Then, EESN is constructed to extract and enhance the image contours by purifying the noise-contaminated components with mask processing. The recovered intermediate image and enhanced edges can be combined to generate the result that enjoys high credibility and clear contents. Extensive experiments on Kaggle Open Source Data set, Jilin-1 video satellite images, and Digitalglobe show superior reconstruction performance compared to the state-of-the-art SR approaches.
The generation of random-time pulses at an accurately known mean rate and having a nearly perfect poisson distribution (1964)

It is shown that the individual microplasma breakdowns in silicon p-n junctions may be used in the generation of pulses which have a random time distribution. A practical instrument has been constructed in which the mean output pulse rates are accurately defined at rates between 100 and 10000 pulses per sec. Much lower rates may be obtained if required.