gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular spectra, Fermi resonances, and classical motion (1980)

Classically periodic molecular vibration (such as a totally symmetric stretch) can be unstable against the addition of small components of other modes, depending on anharmonic coupling strengths, near resonance of fundamental frequencies, and the total energy. We report here on some very strong correspondances between classical stability of the motion and quantum spectral features, wave functions, and energy transfer. The usual concept of a vibrational Fermi resonance turns out to apply best to the case where the transition to classical instability occurs at an energy below the first resonant quantum levels (this is the case for the famous Fermi resonance in CO2). In the (probably more common) event that resonant classical instability should set in above several quanta of energy in the mode of interest, the quantum spectrum shows tell-tale pre- and post-resonant signatures which include attraction of quantum levels (rather than the usual Fermi repulsion) and other features not normally associated with Fermi resonances. Evidence is presented which suggests that certain types of periodic motion in anharmonic molecules act as ’’traps’’, and are resistant to energy exchange with other types of motion. Numerical evidence linking the classical and quantum behavior, together with a new semiclassical theory presented here provides a very explicit connection between quantum and classical anharmonic motion.
AWG Based Optical Packet Switch Architecture (2013)

This paper discusses an optical packet switch (OPS) arch itecture, which utilizes the components like optical reflectors, tunable wavelength converters (TWCs), arrayed waveguide grating (AW G) and pieces of fiber to realize the switching action. This architecture uses routing pattern of AW G, and its symmetric nature, to simp lify switch operation significantly. It is also shown that using multiwavelengths optical reflector, length of delay lines can be reduced to half of its original value. Th is reduction in length is useful for comparat ively larger size packets as for them. It can grow up some kilo meters. The considered architecture is compared with already published architecture. Finally, modifications in the architecture are suggested such that switch can be efficiently placed in the backbone network.
Detecting Implicit Expressions of Sentiment in Text Based on Commonsense Knowledge (2011)

Sentiment analysis is one of the recent, highly dynamic fields in Natural Language Processing. Most existing approaches are based on word-level analysis of texts and are able to detect only explicit expressions of sentiment. In this paper, we present an approach towards automatically detecting emotions (as underlying components of sentiment) from contexts in which no clues of sentiment appear, based on commonsense knowledge. The resource we built towards this aim -- EmotiNet - is a knowledge base of concepts with associated affective value. Preliminary evaluations show that this approach is appropriate for the task of implicit emotion detection, thus improving the performance of sentiment detection and classification in text.
Efferent connections of the internal globus pallidus in the squirrel monkey: I. topography and synaptic organization of the pallidothalamic projection (1997)

The objectives of this study were, on one hand, to better understand how the segregated functional pathways from the cerebral cortex through the striatopallidal complex emerged in the projections to the thalamus and, on the other hand, to compare the ultrastructure and synaptic organization of the pallidal efferents to the ventrolateral (VL) and centromedian (CM) thalamic nuclei in primates. These aims were achieved by injections of the retrograde-anterograde tracer, biotinylated dextran amine (BDA), in different functional regions of the internal pallidum (GPi) in squirrel monkeys. The location of retrogradely labelled cells in the striatum was determined to ascertain the functional specificity of the injection sites. Injections in the ventrolateral two-thirds of the GPi (group 1) led to retrograde labelling in the postcommissural region of the putamen ("sensorimotor striatum") and plexuses of labelled fibers in the rostral one-third of the principal ventrolateral nucleus (VLp) and the central part of the CM. On the other hand, injections in the dorsal one-third (group 3) and the rostromedial pole (group 4) of the GPi led to retrogradely labelled cells in the body of the caudate nucleus ("associative striatum") and the ventral striatum ("limbic striatum"), respectively. After those injections, dense plexuses of anterogradely labelled varicosities were found in common thalamic nuclei, including the parvocellular ventral anterior nucleus (VApc), the dorsal VL (VLd), and the rostrodorsal part of the parafascicular nucleus (PF). In the caudal two-thirds of the CM/PF, the labelled fibers formed a band that lay along the dorsal border of the complex in a region called the dorsolateral PF (PFdl) in this study. The ventromedial nucleus (VM) was densely labelled only after injections in the rostromedial GPi, whereas the dorsal part of the zona incerta was labelled in both groups. At the electron microscopic level, the BDA-positive terminals in the VLp were larger and more elongated than those in the CM but, overall, displayed the same pattern of synaptic organization. Our findings indicate 1) that some associative and limbic cortical information, which is largely processed in segregated corticostriatopallidal channels, converges to common thalamic nuclei and 2) that the PF is a major target of associative and limbic GPi efferents in monkeys.
High‐molecular‐weight kininogen cleavage correlates with disease states in the bradykinin‐mediated angioedema due to hereditary <scp>C</scp>1‐inhibitor deficiency (2014)

Measuring plasma levels of cleaved HK may be a sensitive mean of assessing disease severity in HAE-C1-INH patients.
The word and above (2016)

Phonological units above the syllable Native speakers who are not linguists may be slightly surprised by the discovery, discussed in the last chapter, that they can count syllables and determine the boundaries between them. However, they will typically be much more consciously aware of the word as a linguistic unit, probably because words are meaningful units; moreover, in a highly literate society, we are familiar with orthographic words, which conveniently appear with white space on each side. Individual spoken or written words can also appear in isolation: three of the four conversational turns in (1) consist, entirely appropriately and comprehensibly, of single words. (1) A: Did you find a babysitter? B: Yes. A: Who? B: Denise. However, words, like other linguistic units, are not entirely straightforward and trouble-free for native speakers or for linguists. In particular, there are cases where it is difficult to determine how many words we are dealing with. For example, is washing-machine one word or two? Is it easier or more difficult to decide if we write it as washing machine , without the hyphen? And if we conclude that this is two words, then where does that leave teapot , where two acceptable independent words seem to make up one larger one? It seems that compounds like this take some time to become accepted in the speech community as single words: for a while, they appear as two written words, though signalling one distinct concept semantically (thus, a washing-machine washes clothes, not dishes, for which we have dishwashers , or cars, which go through a carwash ). As they are encountered more commonly, they begin to be written with a hyphen, which ultimately drops to leave a single orthographic word – although speakers may think of a compound as a single word before this stage is reached. Conversely, although didn't , can't or it's appear as single written words, speakers will tend to regard these as sequences of two words, contracted by the deletion of a vowel, as signalled by the apostrophe. So, it's (in It's Saturday ) is a short form of it is , and therefore in a sense two words, as distinct from its (in The cat ate its dinner ), which is a single word however you look at it.
Unlocking the capacity of iodide for high-energy-density zinc/polyiodide and lithium/polyiodide redox flow batteries (2017)

A new concept of exploiting bromide ions as a complexing agent to ‘free-up’ iodide ions for energy storage.
Tuning the Properties of Photonic Films from Polymer Beads by Chemistry (2002)

This paper describes the preparation of monodisperse colloids from various methacrylates. These colloids sediment well on glass slides and formin the dried statelarge three-dimensional face-centered cubic photonic crystal films with Bragg reflection in the visible region. Depending on crystallization conditions, the domain sizes vary between 50 and 300 μm. By cross-linking the polymer within the colloids, it is possible to increase the thermal stability of the polymeric photonic structure tremendously (up to 1 h at 200 °C). These photonic structures soften above Tg (rubbery photonic structure), but they cannot fuse. Cross-linked colloids from poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) can either thermally or chemically be modified. During thermal treatment (above 200 °C) the colloids shrink, as isobutene is split off. This allows a change of the lattice constant and the reflection color of an already crystallized dry photonic film. The acid-catalyzed cleavage of the ester bond allows the conversion of existing photonic structures into photonic crystals from core−shell colloids with hydrophilic polyelectrolytes in the shell.
Susceptibility Isotherms for Supported Copper Oxide (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSusceptibility Isotherms for Supported Copper OxideP. W. Selwood and Nick S. DallasCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 6, 2145–2147Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01186a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01186a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Digital household energy meter (2008)

It is undoubtedly that in the future, energy would cost more as the direct result of steady increases in power
generation cost and since the energy consumption may exceed its productions. The idea of designing the Digital Household Energy Meter is due to the basis that it would indirectly helps to create a better understanding and awareness towards the value and the importance of electrical energy, energy saving, promoting of smart energy management as well as an innovation towards further
improvement to proven existing system. It was also due to the fact that in times to come, the cost of electrical energy generation continuously increase and the energy consumption may exceed its productions or generations. By realizing such idea, end users are provided with the proposed system to assist them in carefully planning and managing their electrical consumption. Thus, power
wastage could also be reduced to the minimum level and helps to ease the arising problems. The prototype is integrated with an interval meter, Mk 6 Genius electric meter that is capable of register the energy consumption in a specified period of time through an optical serial communication probe that is IEC1107 FLAGTM compatible to a central computer for processing. The serial port analog to digital converter was used in the communication system and attached to the computer through RS-232 interface. The
computer will then display the electrical consumption pricing in a display panel. Microsoft Visual C++. 3ET is used as the development platform specifically for the data processing and user interface design. The prototype was meant to compensate the current system and able to provide accurate, reliable and instantaneous meter reading and displays the users’ electrical consumption in terms of price unit.
OXIDATION METHODS FOR AROMATIC DIAZINES: SUBSTITUTED PYRAZINE-N-OXIDES, PYRAZINE-N,N'-DIOXIDES, AND 2,2':6',2"-TERPYRIDINE-1,1"-DIOXIDE (2001)

Article OXIDATION METHODS FOR AROMATIC DIAZINES: SUBSTITUTED PYRAZINE-N-OXIDES, PYRAZINE-N,N'-DIOXIDES, AND 2,2':6',2"-TERPYRIDINE-1,1"-DIOXIDE was published on August 1, 2001 in the journal Heterocyclic Communications (volume 7, issue 4).
THE METABOLISM OF GALACTARATE, <scp>d</scp>-GLUCARATE AND VARIOUS PENTOSES BY SPECIES OF <i>PSEUDOMONAS</i> (1965)

1. When NAD(+) was present, cell extracts of Pseudomonas (A) grown with d-glucarate or galactarate converted 1mol. of either substrate into 1mol. each of 2-oxoglutarate and carbon dioxide; 70-80% of the gas originated from C-1 of the hexarate. 2. The enzyme system that liberated carbon dioxide from galactarate was inactive in air and was stabilized by galactarate or Fe(2+) ions; the system that acted on d-glucarate was more stable and was stimulated by Mg(2+) ions. 3. When NAD(+) was not added, 2-oxoglutarate semialdehyde accumulated from either substrate. This compound was isolated as its bis-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone, and several properties of the derivative were compared with those of the chemically synthesized material. Methods were developed for the determination of 2-oxoglutarate semialdehyde. 4. Synthetic 2-oxoglutarate semialdehyde was converted into 2-oxoglutarate by an enzyme that required NAD(+); the reaction rate with NADP(+) was about one-sixth of that with NAD(+). 5. For extracts of Pseudomonas (A) grown with d-glucarate or galactarate, or for those of Pseudomonas fragi grown with l-arabinose or d-xylose, specific activities of 2-oxoglutarate semialdehyde-NAD oxidoreductase were much higher than for extracts of the organisms grown with (+)-tartrate and d-glucose respectively. 6. Extracts of Pseudomonas fragi grown with l-arabinose or d-xylose converted l-arabonate or d-xylonate into 2-oxoglutarate when NAD(+) was added to reaction mixtures and into 2-oxoglutarate semialdehyde when NAD(+) was omitted.
Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia caused by an antibody specific for a newly identified allele of human platelet antigen‐7 (2010)

We identified a new third allele of HPA-7, which is characterized by a 1297C>T mutation in the GPIIIa gene. This 1297C>T allele was found in 0.15% of the Japanese population. An antibody against this antigen could be the cause of severe NAIT.
Measuring the Natural Fluorescence of Phytoplankton Cultures (2001)

A laboratory instrument, the Natural Fluorescence Chemostat, was developed to measure the natural fluorescence of phytoplankton cultures. With this instrument, the physical and chemical environment of a culture can be manipulated with respect to temperature, pH, nutrient delivery rate, and light intensity, while the natural fluorescence and a weak stimulated fluorescence are continuously recorded with high temporal resolution. The geometry and spectral distribution of the artificial light field minimize the contribution of scattering to the natural fluorescence signal. Preliminary investigations with the marine diatom T. weissflogii (Bacillariophyceae) indicate that the instrument can detect natural fluorescence signals in broadband artificial light fields as bright as 1250 mol quanta m 2 s 1 . Since the influence of environmental factors on natural fluorescence is not well understood, laboratory experiments are essential for investigating how ocean physics and chemistry influence this signal. This instrument provides a quantitative means to examine how the magnitude and kinetics of phytoplankton natural fluorescence vary in response to changes in the physical and chemical environment.
Equipment for printing of high viscosity liquids and molten metals (2012)

The common denominator of this thesis is the quest for processing a wider range of materials using inkjet technology, to allow for the realization of innovative manufacturing methods based on the precisely controlled placement in time and space of small portions of possibly different materials in order to build a complete product. One of the limiting factors in commercial available inkjet systems is the viscosity. To overcome this, a printhead has been developed, based on the very first inkjet principle developed, namely continuous inkjet. In this thesis the design phases of the complete print system are described. Several aspects are discussed all the way from the material supply mechanism, the droplet generation mechanism itself, towards means and methods to control the droplet landing position. To create a system which is as material independent as possible, deflection mechanisms are described requiring no material adaptation; droplet selection by collision, and droplet selection by air-jet. Thereafter several application areas are described, from powder generation towards novel encapsulation methods. For the realization of functional 3D electronics, using additive manufacturing techniques, it is required to create conductive tracks without additional high temperature processing steps. To that end two methods are described. The first process, pyrolitic metal printing, creates droplets of metal salt solutions which are pyrolised in flight on their way to the substrate. The second process, direct metal printing, deposits metal droplets directly from the melt. Therefore a printhead is developed capable of operating at 1140¿C allowing deposition of Feingold. Finally an overview is given of the challenges occurring when implementing the developed inkjet technology and creating a 3D layer-wise production system. Combining multiple materials into one single product opens new opportunities. The described process is used in one of the first systems capable of generating gradients in material properties within one product. Until now only nature was able to generate these structures. Now production technology is starting to catch up.
A New Zinc-Nickel Electroplating Process: Alternative to Cadmium Plating (1983)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">New environmental regulations all over the world encourage the use of alternatives to cadmium plating for corrosion-protection systems used on steels. Boeing patents are pending on a non-cyanide replacement zinc-nickel alloy electroplating process with superior properties, including low hydrogen embrittlement and good corrosion protection, for use on high-strength steels and other substrates. Another advantage of this process is low cost because conventional electroplating tank facilities can be used and waste treatment cost can be reduced. The feasibility of this zinc-nickel plating process has been successfully demonstrated in the laboratory and is scheduled for manufacturing scale-up during 1983.</div>
Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Ambulatory Electroencephalography During Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (2011)

The quantitative EEG changes in mTBI are initially similar to those in syncope, suggesting acute transient cortical dysfunction. However, there are longer-lasting increases in low-frequency power during mTBI, suggesting ongoing disruption of cortical-thalamic circuits.
Coronary Artery Disease: Comprehensive Evaluation by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2004)

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has emerged as an important non-invasive cardiac imaging modality. A versatile technique, it has the potential for comprehensive evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD): cardiac morphology and function, myocardial perfusion, myocardial viability, coronary artery visualisation and atherosclerotic plaque characterisation. Some of these techniques--ventricular function and myocardial viability assessment--have already made mainstream clinical impact. Other techniques have yielded promising initial results, and will become increasingly accepted with technical refinement in scanner hardware and software. This article reviews the current status of clinical CMR imaging for diagnosis of CAD.
The use of natural feed additives as alternatives for an antibiotic growth promoter in broiler diets (2003)

(2003). The use of natural feed additives as alternatives for an antibiotic growth promoter in broiler diets. British Poultry Science: Vol. 44, No. sup1, pp. 44-45.
The Relationship between Answer Ranking and User Satisfaction in a Question Answering System (2005)

Although research in effective Question Answering (QA) has become active in recent years, it was not clear how system effectiveness affects user satisfaction in a practical QA environment. We therefore considered two practical environments in which QA may be useful (namely, Desktop and Mobile) and conducted a questionnaire survey for each environment. The objective was to clarify the relationship between the rank of a correct answer and the Proportion of Satisfied Users (PSU). Results show that, while the PSU curve resembles that of Reciprocal Rank for the Desktop case, it is almost proportional to the rank for the Mobile case. That is, whether Reciprocal Rank accurately models user satisfaction seems to depend on how the ranked answers are presented to the user. Based on our findings, we claim that QA system developers should set a goal in terms of the distribution of correct answers over ranks, instead of a single Mean Reciprocal Rank value, in order to satisfy the users.
Frequency of SMBG correlates with HbA1c and acute complications in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (2010)

The aim of this study was to correlate the frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) to the quality of metabolic control as measured by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), the frequency of hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis, and to see whether the associations between SMBG and these outcomes are influenced by the patient's age or treatment regime. We analyzed data from the DPV-Wiss-database of 26 723 children and adolescents aged 0-18 yr with type 1 diabetes recorded during 1995-2006. Variables evaluated were gender, age at visit, diabetes duration, therapy regime, insulin dose, body mass index-standard deviation scores (BMI-SDS), HbA1c, rate of hypoglycemia, and ketoacidosis. In the youngest age group of children under the age of 6 yr, the frequency of SMBG was the highest compared with that in children aged 6-12 yr or children aged > 12 yr: 6.0/d vs. 5.3/d vs. 4.4/d (p < 0.001). Frequency of SMBG differed significantly also in the different groups of treatment (p < 0.001), but only for the continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) group the frequency was considerably higher: 5.3/d (CSII) vs. 4.7/d (multiple daily injections) vs. 4.6/d (conventional therapy). Adjusted for age, gender, diabetes duration, year of treatment, insulin regimen, insulin dose, BMI-SDS, and center difference, SMBG frequency was significantly associated with better metabolic control with a drop of HbA1c of 0.20% for one additional SMBG per day (p < 0.001). Increasing the SMBG frequency above 5/d did not result in further improvement of metabolic control. A higher frequency of SMBG measurements was related to better metabolic control. But only among adolescents aged > 12 yr, metabolic control (HbA1c) improved distinctively with two or more blood glucose measurements.