gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mutational Analysis of the Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation Sites of the Transcription Factor CTCF Provides an Insight into the Mechanism of Its Regulation by Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation (2009)

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of the conserved multifunctional transcription factor CTCF was previously identified as important to maintain CTCF insulator and chromatin barrier functions. However, the molecular mechanism of this regulation and also the necessity of this modification for other CTCF functions remain unknown. In this study, we identified potential sites of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation within the N-terminal domain of CTCF and generated a mutant deficient in poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. Using this CTCF mutant, we demonstrated the requirement of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation for optimal CTCF function in transcriptional activation of the p19ARF promoter and inhibition of cell proliferation. By using a newly generated isogenic insulator reporter cell line, the CTCF insulator function at the mouse Igf2-H19 imprinting control region (ICR) was found to be compromised by the CTCF mutation. The association and simultaneous presence of PARP-1 and CTCF at the ICR, confirmed by single and serial chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, were found to be independent of CTCF poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. These results suggest a model of CTCF regulation by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation whereby CTCF and PARP-1 form functional complexes at sites along the DNA, producing a dynamic reversible modification of CTCF. By using bioinformatics tools, numerous sites of CTCF and PARP-1 colocalization were demonstrated, suggesting that such regulation of CTCF may take place at the genome level.
Cellular Immunotherapy for Carcinoma Using Genetically Modified EGFR-Specific T Lymphocytes (2013)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in a variety of human malignancies, including pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. Overexpression of EGFR is a predictive marker of therapeutic response and several lines of evidence suggest that EGFR is an excellent target for tumor therapy. However, the effective antitumor capacity of EGFR-specific T cells against EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells has not been fully elucidated. In our previous study, we identified an anti-EGFR single-chain variable fragment (scFv) with specific and high affinity after screening by ribosome display. In this study, the anticancer potential of anti-EGFR scFv was investigated on the basis of cell-targeted therapy. A chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting EGFR was constructed and expressed on the cell membrane of T lymphocytes. These CAR-modified T cells demonstrated antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the safety evaluation showed that CAR-modified lymphocytes have no or very minimal acute systemic toxicity. Taken together, our study provided the experimental basis for clinical application of genetically engineered lymphocytes; moreover, we also evaluate a new and interesting cell therapy protocol.
Affinity of nonhomologous amphiphilic peptides toward a monoclonal antibody raised against apolipoprotein A‐I (1986)

Monoclonal antibodies against human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) were generated by the hybridoma technique. Clone G-10 was selected on the basis of its highest titer. The affinity of this antibody toward a series of synthetic peptides differing in length, amino acid composition, and amphiphilicity was tested by using both the indirect and the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent techniques (ELISA). From these measurements we calculated dissociation constants of the complexes of the antibody with apoA-I bound to the surface of the microtiter plate, apoA-I in solution, and any of the several peptides in solution. The dissociation constant (Kd) of the immobilized apoA-I/anti-apoA-I-complex, Kd = 2 x 10(-9) M, was significantly lower than that of the complex resulting from the interaction between anti-apoA-I and either apoA-I in solution or any of the several amphiphilic helical peptides in solution. Peptides devoid of amphiphilic secondary structure were inert. These data are consistent with the proposal that monoclonal G-10 recognizes in antigenic peptides an alpha-helical secondary structure of defined hydrophilic-lipophilic balance and comparatively less the specific amino acid side chains. We propose that the highest contribution to the free energy of binding (8 Kcal/mole) is derived from the docking of the helix to the antibody. It follows that in probing the specificity of a monoclonal antibody the conformation and the physical environment of the interacting antigen must be taken into account.
Prior Binge Ethanol Exposure Potentiates the Microglial Response in a Model of Alcohol-Induced Neurodegeneration (2016)

Excessive alcohol consumption results in neurodegeneration which some hypothesize is caused by neuroinflammation. One characteristic of neuroinflammation is microglial activation, but it is now well accepted that microglial activation may be pro- or anti-inflammatory. Recent work indicates that the Majchrowicz model of alcohol-induced neurodegeneration results in anti-inflammatory microglia, while intermittent exposure models with lower doses and blood alcohol levels produce microglia with a pro-inflammatory phenotype. To determine the effect of a repeated binge alcohol exposure, rats received two cycles of the four-day Majchrowicz model. One hemisphere was then used to assess microglia via immunohistochemistry and while the other was used for ELISAs of cytokines and growth factors. A single binge ethanol exposure resulted in low-level of microglial activation; however, a second binge potentiated the microglial response. Specifically, double binge rats had greater OX-42 immunoreactivity, increased ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1+) cells, and upregulated tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) compared with the single binge ethanol group. These data indicate that prior ethanol exposure potentiates a subsequent microglia response, which suggests that the initial exposure to alcohol primes microglia. In summary, repeated ethanol exposure, independent of other immune modulatory events, potentiates microglial activity.
An <i>O</i>(log<i>N</i>) deterministic packet routing scheme (1989)

We present a deterministic Ο(log N) time algorithm for the problem of routing an arbitrary permutation on an N-processor bounded-degree network with bounded buffers.
The Role of the Dielectric Fluid in Electrical Discharge Machining (1968)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The dynamic behavior of the dielectric fluid and fluid contaminants, and some of the effects of the dielectric fluid behavior on the electrical discharge machining process variables are described. High speed photomicrographic records showing the dispersion of debris accompanying a single EDM discharge and the removal of the debris by the dielectric fluid flow are presented. Dielectric flushing effectiveness is discussed and curves of volume flow rate for deep cavities are presented. The volume flow rate data suggest that dielectric flushing pressure, the flushing parameter which is usually monitored during the EDM process, is not a very meaningful indication of flushing effectiveness.</div>
SEED-Pro: Computer-Assisted Architectural Programming in SEED (1995)

Computer-assisted architectural programming is in its infancy. What there is in terms of architectural programming theory often differs from practice. In the first half of this paper we define relevant terms, provide a brief review of the state of the art, and draw attention to the primacy of architectural programming in design. SEED-Pro is introduced as an intelligent assistant providing structure to the normally open-ended activities of design. This includes the creation of an architectural program from scratch. In the second, more technical, part of the paper we emphasize three specific topics. The design problem specification functionality is described. The generation and evaluation of the emerging architectural program is discussed. An approach to the decomposition of the architectural program into alternative hierarchies is provided. The paper concludes with a discussion of what is and remains to be accomplished.
Large-scale, high-density (up to 512 channels) recording of local circuits in behaving animals (2013)

Monitoring representative fractions of neurons from multiple brain circuits in behaving animals is necessary for understanding neuronal computation. Here, we describe a system that allows high-channel-count recordings from a small volume of neuronal tissue using a lightweight signal multiplexing headstage that permits free behavior of small rodents. The system integrates multishank, high-density recording silicon probes, ultraflexible interconnects, and a miniaturized microdrive. These improvements allowed for simultaneous recordings of local field potentials and unit activity from hundreds of sites without confining free movements of the animal. The advantages of large-scale recordings are illustrated by determining the electroanatomic boundaries of layers and regions in the hippocampus and neocortex and constructing a circuit diagram of functional connections among neurons in real anatomic space. These methods will allow the investigation of circuit operations and behavior-dependent interregional interactions for testing hypotheses of neural networks and brain function.
Wavelength-tunable sources of entangled photons interfaced with atomic vapours (2016)

The prospect of using the quantum nature of light for secure communication keeps spurring the search and investigation of suitable sources of entangled photons. A single semiconductor quantum dot is one of the most attractive, as it can generate indistinguishable entangled photons deterministically and is compatible with current photonic-integration technologies. However, the lack of control over the energy of the entangled photons is hampering the exploitation of dissimilar quantum dots in protocols requiring the teleportation of quantum entanglement over remote locations. Here we introduce quantum dot-based sources of polarization-entangled photons whose energy can be tuned via three-directional strain engineering without degrading the degree of entanglement of the photon pairs. As a test-bench for quantum communication, we interface quantum dots with clouds of atomic vapours, and we demonstrate slow-entangled photons from a single quantum emitter. These results pave the way towards the implementation of hybrid quantum networks where entanglement is distributed among distant parties using optoelectronic devices.
Retrospective study of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (2011)

Background and purpose:Gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) originates from gastrointestinal muscular mesenchymal tissue.In the past,surgery was the only effective treatment method.However,diagnosis and treatment of GIST have made great progress since CD117 and CD34 were discovered in these tumors and molecular targeted drugs were found.This study retrospectively investigated the clinical diagnosis and treatment of 72 cases of GIST have undergone surgical treatment.Methods:The clinical data of the 72 GIST patients were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients were diagnosed with digestive endoscopy,B ultrasonic imaging method,CT before operation.Pathological diagnosis was made after operation.Results:The average age of onset was 54.3.No specificity in manifestations were observed.Initially most of the GIST patients presented alimentary tract hemorrhage and abdominal mass.Tumors could be detected through digestive endoscopy,CT or ultrasonography.The immunological markers CD117 and CD34 were highly expressed in GIST.The diagnosis could be confirmed via histology and immunohistology.Postoperative stomach paralysis occurred in 5 cases,anastomosis fistula in 2 cases,pancreatic fistula in 1 case,all the complications were cured by conservative treatment.The average follow-up was 36 months.In 31 cases,16 cases used imatinib(400 mg/d),in which 4 cases recurred;the other 15 cases without imatinib,8 cases recurred(P0.01).Conclusion:CD117 and CD34 tumor markers is helpful in diagnosing GIST.Surgical resection of the tumors is still the most effective treatment for GIST.The outlook for targeted therapy in post-operative radiotherapy and chemotherapy seems optimistic.
A comparison between finite element techniques when modelling single phase line-start permanent magnet motors (1999)

There is an increasing demand for higher efficiency motors. This demand has been brought about by a combination of increased consumer pressure, and legislation introduced as a result of concern for the environment. The line-start permanent magnet motor has been shown to be capable of high efficiency performance. In small machines, where Joule losses dominate, there can be a significant reduction in losses when compared to same sized induction motors. However, the complexity of these motors makes it difficult to accurately predict their performance. In this paper, a comparison is made between two finite element modelling techniques, the coupled circuit method and the eddy current method. The eddy current method is shown to be considerably faster than the coupled circuit method, allowing the designer to carry out further investigations into factors affecting simulation accuracy.
Extracting important sentences with support vector machines (2002)

Extracting sentences that contain important information from a document is a form of text summarization. The technique is the key to the automatic generation of summaries similar to those written by humans. To achieve such extraction, it is important to be able to integrate heterogeneous pieces of information. One approach, parameter tuning by machine learning, has been attracting a lot of attention. This paper proposes a method of sentence extraction based on Support Vector Machines (SVMs). To confirm the method's performance, we conduct experiments that compare our method to three existing methods. Results on the Text Summarization Challenge (TSC) corpus show that our method offers the highest accuracy. Moreover, we clarify the different features effective for extracting different document genres.
Time‐course of interaction between carbamazepine and clonazepam in normal man (1978)

The applicability of a pharmacokinetic model for drug interactions by enzyme induction was tested by chronic dosing situation using carbamazepine (Tegretol) as the inducer and clonazepam (Clonopin) as the drug affected. Seven healthy subjects received one 1.0 mg clonazepam tablet once a day for 29 days and one 200 mg carbamazepine tablet once a day from days 8 to 29. Plasma levels of clonazepam were measured by electron-capture gas-liquid chromatography and those of carbamazepine and its epoxide metabolite by gas chromatographic-chemical ionization-mass spectrometry. Clonazepam plasma levels reached an initial steady-state by day 7 and declined to a lower steady-state over 5 to 15 days after additions of carbamazepine. The decrease in clonazepam levels ranged between 19% and 37%. Autoinduction of carbamazepine metabolism was also evident. Urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid increased 2- to 4-fold following carbamazepine administration (p less than 0.005). This increase provided additional evidence that the present interaction was due to enzyme induction. Experimental clonazepam levels were fitted to an induction pharmacokinetic model for multiple dosing with an exponentially increasing clearance. Induced half-lives of clonazepam (mean = 22.5 +/- 11.5 hr) were shorter (p less than 0.005) than control values (32.1 +/- 16.6 hr). Apparent enzyme(s) turnover half-lives ranged between 1 and 6 days.
Identifying and analyzing security threats to Virtualized Cloud Computing Infrastructures (2012)

A multi-tenant Cloud Computing Infrastructure (CCI) consists of several Virtual Machines (VMs) running on same physical platform by using virtualization techniques. The VMs are monitored and managed by kernel based software i.e. Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) or hypervisor which is main component of Virtualized Cloud Computing Infrastructure (VCCI). Due to software based vulnerabilities, VMMs are compromised to security attacks that may take place from inside or outside attackers. In order to formulate a secure VCCI, VMM must be protected by implementing strong security tools and techniques such as Encryption and Key Management (EKM), Access Control Mechanisms (ACMs), Intrusion Detection Tools (IDTs), Virtual Trusted Platform Module (vTPM), Virtual Firewalls (VFs) and Trusted Virtual Domains (TVDs). In this research paper we describe the techniques of virtualizing a CCI, types of attacks on VCCI, vulnerabilities of VMMs and we critically describe the significance of security tools and techniques for securing a VCCI.
Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease: The Role of Blood Pressure Control, Proteinuria, and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition: A Patient-Level Meta-Analysis (2003)

Although reverse causation cannot be excluded with certainty, a systolic blood pressure goal between 110 and 129 mm Hg may be beneficial in patients with urine protein excretion greater than 1.0 g/d. Systolic blood pressure less than 110 mm Hg may be associated with a higher risk for kidney disease progression.
Materials and Energy Recovery from E-Waste Plastics (2018)

The objective of the current study was to investigate environmentally sustainable and energy efficient processes to recover value added material and energy from e-waste as a means to divert these nondegradable materials from landfills. We studied two different types of plastics (1) simple mixtures like polycarbonate/polyamide (PC/PA)) found in cell phone plastics for solvent extraction and (2) complex mixtures like PC/PA/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)/poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) found in many other e-waste streams for pyrolysis. Solvent extraction using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was performed as an alternate to using dichloromethane (DCM) for selective dissolution and recovery of PC from simple mixtures of cell phone plastic (CPP) to avoid the use of chlorinated compounds. Using distillation a recovery of 89% and 87% pure PC was observed for NMP and DCM, respectively. Relatively close to the first run, the recycled NMP also recovered 87% of pure PC. However, in order to reduce energy consumption in the NMP solvent recovery step a nonsolvent approach using methanol precipitation was demonstrated as an alternate route. Energy consumption through methanol distillation (343.3 kJ kg–1) was significantly lower than that of NMP (413.2 kJ kg–1). For other e-waste plastic mixtures like PC/PA/ABS/PMMA, a pyrolysis approach was demonstrated for waste reduction to 57% potentially decomposable solid residue, while generating pyrolysis oil. The results obtained in this work contribute to the development of a commercial and sustainable process to recycle e-waste plastics effectively. The development of these effective recycling practices helps to reduce prevailing e-waste plastic related environmental pollution.
Rat cytochromes P450 (CYP) specifically contribute to the reductive bioactivation of AQ4N, an alkylaminoanthraquinone-di-N-oxide anticancer prodrug (1999)

1. The bioreductive activation of the alkylaminoanthraquinone di-N-oxide prodrug AQ4N has been characterized in rat hepatic tissue using HPLC. 2. AQ4N was shown to be metabolized to two products, namely AQM, the two electron reduced mono-N-oxide, and AQ4, the four electron reduced active cytotoxic agent. 3. Metabolism was shown to occur in microsomes with an apparent Km = 30.29 microM and Vmax = 1.05 nmol/mg/min. 4. Bioreduction was dependent on anaerobic conditions and the presence of the reduced cofactor NADPH. Ketoconazole (100 microM) and carbon monoxide both inhibited AQ4N metabolism inferring a role for cytochrome P450 (CYP). 5. Microsomes from phenobarbitone and isoniazid-pretreated animals significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the formation of AQ4 from AQ4N indicating a role for CYP2B and 2E respectively. The involvement of both CYP2B and 2E was confirmed by the use of CYP-specific inhibitors. 6. In conclusion, the involvement of rat hepatic CYP in the reductive bioactivation of the novel antitumour prodrug AQ4N has been established in detail for the first time. These findings highlight an important interspecies difference between the metabolism of AQ4N in rat and man which was shown earlier to be mediated by CYP3A enzymes. The pharmacological significance of this is discussed.
Robot companion: A social-force based approach with human awareness-navigation in crowded environments (2013)

Robots accompanying humans is one of the core capacities every service robot deployed in urban settings should have. We present a novel robot companion approach based on the so-called Social Force Model (SFM). A new model of robot-person interaction is obtained using the SFM which is suited for our robots Tibi and Dabo. Additionally, we propose an interactive scheme for robot's human-awareness navigation using the SFM and prediction information. Moreover, we present a new metric to evaluate the robot companion performance based on vital spaces and comfortableness criteria. Also, a multimodal human feedback is proposed to enhance the behavior of the system. The validation of the model is accomplished throughout an extensive set of simulations and real-life experiments.
Optical And Mechanical Design Aspects Of A Four-Telescope Array For Combined Imaging (1988)

An array of four telescopes has been fabricated to sufficient precision and stability to serve as a testbed for phased array imaging experiments over a wide field of view. The overall optical and mechanical design philosophy is given as well as the analysis of fabrication and assembly tolerances. Finally, the error budget is developed for the entire system.
Immunohistochemical evidence of oxidative [corrected] stress in Alzheimer's disease. (1992)

Membrane and cytoskeletal structures are known targets of oxidative injury. Brains from patients with Alzheimer's disease have cytoskeletal abnormalities and platelet and possible neuronal membrane lesions. The authors have recently demonstrated that superoxide anion is a powerful inducer of heat-shock protein synthesis, and have also shown that in response to oxidative stress or hyperthermia, intracellular levels of antioxidant enzymes increase to several folds. Whether the aforementioned mechanisms play a role in Alzheimer's disease has been suggested but is not totally established. While exploring this possibility, tissue sections from five brains with Alzheimer's disease and five neuropathologically normal age-matched controls were immunostained with polyclonal antibodies against superoxide dismutase (CuZn- and Mn- forms) and catalase. A standard avidin-biotin-peroxidase method was used for antigen detection. A subgroup of neurofibrillary tangles (15-25%) and senile plaques (50%) showed immunoreactivity for both enzymes with a staining pattern similar (but not identical) to that usually observed with antibodies against ubiquitin. Senile plaques displayed a granular pattern of immunostaining. Amyloid cores in mature classical plaques remained unstained. In addition, occasional elements with features consistent with reactive glial cells were strongly immunostained. Tangle-free neurons in both diseased and control brains showed weak to absent intracytoplasmic immunoreactivity. The immunoreactivity was totally abolished by preincubation of the primary antibodies with the corresponding purified antigens. These findings support the hypothesis that oxidative stress may be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
Dose-Dependent Delay of the Hypoglycemic Effect of Short-Acting Insulin Analogs in Obese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes (2010)

Absorption and hypoglycemic action of increasing dosages of lispro are critically delayed in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes.