gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
11.4: Highly Efficient Blue Organic Electrophosphorescent Devices Based on 3,6‐Bis(triphenylsilyl)Carbazole as the Host Material (2006)

Abstract High‐efficiency blue phosphorescent OLEDs using a novel host material of 3,6‐bis(triphenylsilyl)carbazole (CzSi) are reported. Devices with the CzSi host and the blue phosphorescent dopant FIrpic show a maximum external quantum efficiency of ∼16% (30.6 cd/A), a maximum power efficiency of 26.7 lm/W, and a maximum brightness of ∼59000 cd/m 2 .
Facile Synthesis of Anticancer Drug NCX 4040 in Mild Conditions (2008)

A simple method is reported to synthesize an anticancer drug, NCX 4040, conveniently in mild conditions using silicon chemistry. A starting material, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, was silylated selectively first to give tbutyldimethylsilyl 4-hydroxybenzyl ether, which was then converted to NCX 4040 by esterification, desilylation, hydrochlorination and nitration.
Adaptive nearest neighbor search for relevance feedback in large image databases (2001)

Relevance feedback is often used in refining similarity retrievals in image and video databases. Typically this involves modification to the similarity metrics based on the user feedback and recomputing a set of nearest neighbors using the modified similarity values. Such nearest neighbor computations are expensive given that typical image features, such as color and texture, are represented in high dimensional spaces. Search complexity is a ciritcal issue while dealing with large databases and this issue has not received much attention in relevance feedback research. Most of the current methods report results on very small data sets, of the order of few thousand items, where a sequential (and hence exhaustive search) is practical. The main contribution of this paper is a novel algorithm for adaptive nearest neigbor computations for high dimensional feature vectors and when the number of items in the databse is large. The proposed method exploits the correlations between two consecutive nearest neighbor searches when the underlying similarity metric is changing, and filters out a significant number of candidates ina two stage search and retrieval process, thus reducing the number of I/O accesses to the database. Detailed experimental results are provided using a set of about 700,000 images. Comparision to the existing method shows an order of magnitude overall imporovement.
Synthesis and biodegradability of amylose block copolymers (1980)

Abstract The synthesis of amylose block co‐and terpolymers is described. Fully acetylated amylose triacetate was hydrolyzed by hydronium ions to give a hydroxy‐terminated amylose triacetate oligomer (HATA), which was reacted with diisocyanates to produce block copolymers. Prepolymers of HATA and MDI or TDI were reacted with both hydroxy‐terminated polybutadiene and polypropylene glycol to form block terpolymers. Block co‐ and terpolymer formation was demonstrated by intrinsic viscosity increases, gel permeation chromatographic results, and NMR and IR spectroscopy. The products were easily deacetylated by NaOMe in methanol to yield amylose block co‐ and terpolymers. These polymers were readily degraded by α‐amylase. The enzymatic hydrolysis was monitored by intrinsic viscosity measurements. The rate of biodegradation was influenced by the DS of the amylose block and the composition of the block terpolymers.
Two new easy to use vectors for transformations (1995)

Several vectors containing dominant antibiotic resistance markers for the transformation of filamentous fungi are available. However, most of them lack a recombinant selection system and a polylinker containing a sufficient number of cloning sites, thereby limiting the subcloning strategies. I have constructed two new vectors, derived from the pBC-SK+ bluescript vector (Stratagene), that possess these characteristics as well as many other interesting features. The restriction maps and the available cloning sites of both plasmids are presented in Figure 1. Transformants in bacteria are selected on chloramphenicol-containing medium. Recombinants can be screened by using the blue/white selection associated with the lacZ system. The polylinkers of both plasmids contain numerous unique cloning sites and are flanked by two BssHII sites as well as T3 and T7 promoters for RNA production. The plasmids display unaltered f1 origins for the recovery of single-stranded DNA for sequencing or mutagenesis.
Asymptotic Multiuser Efficiency for 2-Stage Detectors in Awgn Channels (2005)

In the AWGN multiple-access channel with binary phase-shift keying modulation, the k/sup th/ user error probability for a given demodulator vanishes exponentially with the noise level as -n/sub k/ SNR/sub k/2, where n/sub k/ is the asymptotic multiuser efficiency (AME), and SNR/sub k/ is the received signal-to-background-noise ratio. Thus, the asymptotic multiuser efficiency is an attenuation of the error rate exponent for isolated transmission and maximum a posteriori demodulation, and provides a simple yet precise means of comparing multiuser receivers for sufficiently low noise levels. To date, this parameter is only known for the following receivers in the 2-user, asynchronous AWGN channel: the maximum likelihood sequence detector, the decorrelating detector, the linear MMSE detector, and the conventional detector. In this talk the asymptotic multiuser efficiencies for a class of detectors for the 2-user, asynchronous AWGN channel will be presented. This class may be loosely described as receivers which estimate and subtract multiple-access interference (MAI) by using tentative data decisions, and includes the two stage detectors with both conventional or decorrelated tentative decisions. The asymptotic multiuser efficiencies for this class of detectors clearly indicate regions for which a given user should avoid updating tentative decisions and suggest combinations of the above receivers to improve single-user performance. This technique applies to the AME of soft tentative decision strategies as well, and we demonstrate that the near-far resistance of two-stage detectors may be markedly improved using soft decision nonlinearities. Below we present an outline of the approach for conventional tentative decisions.
Semantic object segmentation via detection in weakly labeled video (2015)

Semantic object segmentation in video is an important step for large-scale multimedia analysis. In many cases, however, semantic objects are only tagged at video-level, making them difficult to be located and segmented. To address this problem, this paper proposes an approach to segment semantic objects in weakly labeled video via object detection. In our approach, a novel video segmentation-by-detection framework is proposed, which first incorporates object and region detectors pre-trained on still images to generate a set of detection and segmentation proposals. Based on the noisy proposals, several object tracks are then initialized by solving a joint binary optimization problem with min-cost flow. As such tracks actually provide rough configurations of semantic objects, we thus refine the object segmentation while preserving the spatiotemporal consistency by inferring the shape likelihoods of pixels from the statistical information of tracks. Experimental results on Youtube-Objects dataset and SegTrack v2 dataset demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-arts and shows impressive results.
Cardiac Allograft Acceptance after Localized Bone Marrow Transplantation by Isolated Limb Perfusion in Nonmyeloablated Recipients (2003)

Donor-specific tolerance to cardiac grafts may be induced by hematopoietic chimerism. This study evaluates the potential of localized bone marrow transplantation (BMT) performed by isolated limb (IL) perfusion to induce tolerance to secondary cardiac grafts without myeloablative conditioning. BALB/c recipients (H2d) preconditioned with lethal and sublethal doses of busulfan were injected i.v. and IL with 10(7) whole bone marrow cells (wBMCs) from B10 donors (H2(b)). Two hours after IL infusion of PKH-labeled wBMCs into myeloablated hosts, there were few labeled cells in the host peripheral blood (p < 0.001 versus i.v.) and femurs of the infused limb contained 57% +/- 7% PKH-labeled blasts (p < 0.001 versus 8% +/- 0.6% after i.v.). Femurs of the noninfused limbs contained 60-70 PKH-labeled blasts (p < 0.001 versus i.v.-BMT) after 2 days and 47% +/- 5% of 0.32 x 10(7) donor cells (p < 0.001 versus 78% +/- 4% of 1.2 x 10(7) donor cells in infused femurs) after 4 weeks. The survival rates of myeloablated hosts were 90% and 80% after i.v. and IL infusion, respectively, and the chimeras had 78%-84% donor peripheral blood cells. In recipients conditioned with 35 mg/g busulfan, the levels of donor chimerism in peripheral blood were 33% +/- 4% and 21% +/- 4% at 3 weeks after i.v.- and IL-BMT, respectively. Transplantation of donor-matched (H2(b)) secondary vascularized hearts in these chimeras after 3 weeks resulted in graft survival for periods exceeding 8 weeks, while third-party (H2(k)) allografts were acutely rejected (p < 0.001 versus H2(b)). These data indicate that IL perfusion is a reliable alternative procedure for establishment of hematopoietic chimerism and donor-specific tolerance without myeloablative conditioning.
Lipid Droplet Binding and Oligomerization Properties of the Parkinson's Disease Protein α-Synuclein (2002)

alpha-Synuclein is a major component of the fibrillary lesion known as Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites that are the pathologic hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition, point mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene imply alpha-synuclein dysfunction in the pathology of inherited forms of PD. alpha-Synuclein is a member of a family of proteins found primarily in the brain and is concentrated within presynaptic terminals. Here, we address the localization and membrane binding characteristics of wild type and PD mutants of alpha-synuclein in cultured cells. In cells treated with high concentrations of fatty acids, wild type alpha-synuclein accumulated on phospholipid monolayers surrounding triglyceride-rich lipid droplets and was able to protect stored triglycerides from hydrolysis. PD mutant synucleins showed variable distributions on lipid droplets and were less effective in regulating triglyceride turnover. Chemical cross-linking demonstrated that synuclein formed small oligomers within cells, primarily dimers and trimers, that preferentially associated with lipid droplets and cell membranes. Our results suggest that the initial phases of synuclein aggregation may occur on the surfaces of membranes and that pathological conditions that induce cross-linking of synuclein may enhance the propensity for subsequent synuclein aggregation.
Distributed routing using topology database in large computer networks (2003)

The authors develop distributed routing algorithms for large computer networks that provide virtual circuit connections to end users. One routing scheme in computer networks is to use a topology database maintained at each node that contains information about nodes and link cost. Using this information, each node finds shortest routes to other nodes. This scheme may be inefficient in large networks since the overhead associated with topology database update and shortest path computation may become large. One way of solving this problem is to partition the network into subnetworks or clusters. After partitioning, each node in a cluster only maintains a topology database of nodes and links in its own cluster and possibly marginal information about the entire network. For intracluster communication, shortest path routes are provided. For intercluster communication the source node collaborates with other nodes to find a path to the destination node. The authors propose two collaboration schemes that use simple protocols among network nodes. In one scheme, a broadcast search is used to find a path to the destination node in other clusters. In the other scheme each node maintains information about intercluster links on an up/down basis as well as complete topology database of its own cluster. Using this information, it finds a path to the destination node with the help of border nodes (nodes sharing intercluster links) in the intermediate clusters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ion Mobility Spectrometry (2013)

Since the turn of the twenty-first century, applications of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) have diversified, expanding their utility in the military and security spheres and entering the realms of clinical practice and pharmaceutical exploration. Updated and expanded, the third edition of Ion Mobility Spectrometry begins with a comprehensive discu
Reactions of Alkali Diphenylmethides with Certain Polyhalides. Displacement on Halogen or Hydrogen<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Alkali Diphenylmethides with Certain Polyhalides. Displacement on Halogen or Hydrogen1CHARLES R. HAUSER, WILLIAM G. KOFRON, WILLIAM R. DUNNAVANT, and WILLIAM F. OWENSCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 8, 2627–2629Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01066a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01066a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A single nucleotide change in the c-myc internal ribosome entry segment leads to enhanced binding of a group of protein factors (1998)

A 340 nucleotide section of the c- myc 5' untranslated region (UTR) contains an internal ribosome entry segment. We have described previously a mutation in this region of RNA in cell lines derived from patients with multiple myeloma (MM) which exhibit increased expression of c- myc protein by an aberrant translational mechanism. In this study we show by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), north-western blotting and UV cross-linking that radiolabelled c- myc 5' UTR RNA transcripts which harbour the mutation cause enhanced binding of cellular proteins. In addition, we also demonstrate that an MM derived cell line possesses an altered repertoire of RNA binding proteins. Our data suggest that the deregulated expression of c -myc in MM could result both from the effect of the mutation and the additional proteins which are present in these cell types.
Dynamic Compression Test for Adhesion of Rubber to Cord Fabric (1950)

Abstract An improved laboratory method has been developed for the purpose of evaluating rubber-cord adhesions. The test-piece consists of a single cord surrounded by a thin cylindrical layer of casing compound which, in turn, is enclosed and protected by a thicker layer of rubber of standard composition. Such test-pieces are subjected to cyclic compression and bending, under controlled conditions of cord tension and ambient temperature, in a specially designed machine. The apparatus simulates the primary stresses and strains which occur in the crown and shoulder regions of a giant tire running under load, and it has been established that the cord bond in the test-pieces breaks down in a manner analogous to that in an overloaded tire. The degree of bond deterioration is determined by comparing the load required to pull the cord axially through that part of the rubber which has been subjected to compression after a specific number of cycles with that required to do so in a similar untreated test-piece. Data show the rate at which the rubber-cord bond deteriorates with various degrees of compression and temperature, and examples are given of the use of the method for evaluating bonding agents for cotton and rayon cords. A general comparison is made between the Henley test and other adhesion tests known to be in use.
Automatic VM Allocation for Scientific Application (2012)

Cloud has been the main technology utilized as a high performance computing (HPC) platform. The characteristics of cloud can satisfy a large scale processing required by scientific applications, which are mostly compute-intensive with big data. Cloud can also reduce the computing cost through sharing and virtualizing of resources. In the cloud, a large number of virtual machines (VM) can be generated on demands. In order to obtain the optimal cost and high efficiency in the task execution on the public cloud, the suitable amount of virtual machines should be properly determined prior to the start of the computation. Moreover, the application should be effectively partitioned and distributed onto the virtual machines. In this paper, we propose an automatic mechanism to allocate the optimal numbers of resources in the cloud. The novel resource estimation model and scheduling algorithm are presented. We select an analytic application with high level of computations in the field of epidemic forecast to demonstrate the use of the designed mechanism. Experimental studies have been conducted to examine the resource prediction accuracy and the scalability of running the application on the cloud.
Flow-based intrusion detection (2011)

The spread of 1-10 Gbps technology has in recent years paved the way to a flourishing landscape of new, high-bandwidth Internet services. At the same time, we have also observed increasingly frequent and widely diversified attacks. To this threat, the research community has answered with a growing interest in intrusion detection, aiming to timely detect intruders and prevent damage. We believe that the detection problem is a key component in the field of intrusion detection. Our studies, however, made us realize that additional research is needed, in particular focusing on validation and automatic tuning of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs).
Economics of Network Pricing With Multiple ISPs (2006)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> In this paper, we examine how transit and customer prices and quality of service are set in a network consisting of multiple ISPs. Some ISPs may face an identical set of circumstances in terms of potential customer pool and running costs. We examine the existence of equilibrium strategies in this situation and show how positive profit can be achieved using threat strategies with multiple qualities of service. It is shown that if the number of ISPs competing for the same customers is large then it can lead to price wars. ISPs that are not co-located may not directly compete for users, but are nevertheless involved in a non-cooperative game of setting access and transit prices for each other. They are linked economically through a sequence of providers forming a hierarchy, and we study their interaction by considering a multi-stage game. We also consider the economics of private exchange points and show that their viability depends on fundamental limits on the demand and cost. </para>
Tendon Progenitor Cells in Injured Tendons Have Strong Chondrogenic Potential: The CD105-Negative Subpopulation Induces Chondrogenic Degeneration (2014)

To study the cellular mechanism of the tendon repair process, we used a mouse Achilles tendon injury model to focus on the cells recruited to the injured site. The cells isolated from injured tendon 1 week after the surgery and uninjured tendons contained the connective tissue progenitor populations as determined by colony-forming capacity, cell surface markers, and multipotency. When the injured tendon-derived progenitor cells (inTPCs) were transplanted into injured Achilles tendons, they were not only integrated in the regenerating area expressing tenogenic phenotype but also trans-differentiated into chondrogenic cells in the degenerative lesion that underwent ectopic endochondral ossification. Surprisingly, the micromass culture of the inTPCs rapidly underwent chondrogenic differentiation even in the absence of exogenous bone morphogenetic proteins or TGFβs. The cells isolated from human ruptured tendon tissues also showed connective tissue progenitor properties and exhibited stronger chondrogenic ability than bone marrow stromal cells. The mouse inTPCs contained two subpopulations one positive and one negative for CD105, a coreceptor of the TGFβ superfamily. The CD105-negative cells showed superior chondrogenic potential in vitro and induced larger chondroid degenerative lesions in mice as compared to the CD105-positive cells. These findings indicate that tendon progenitor cells are recruited to the injured site of tendons and have a strong chondrogenic potential and that the CD105-negative population of these cells would be the cause for chondroid degeneration in injured tendons. The newly identified cells recruited to the injured tendon may provide novel targets to develop therapeutic strategies to facilitate tendon repair.
Antiviral Activity of 2-Hydroxy Fatty Acids (1996)

Following an earlier demonstration of an antiviral effect against varicella-zoster virus (VZV, human herpesvirus 3) using 2-hydroxymyristic acid (2-hydroxytetradecanoic acid; 2-HM), an inhibitor of protein myristoylation, both 2-HM and 2-hydroxypalmitic acid (2-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid; 2-HP) have been tested against a range of viruses. Although both compounds inhibit the replication of varicella-zoster virus (VZV; human herpesvirus 3) they do not inhibit the replication of closely related herpesviruses. They do, however, inhibit the replication of both poliovirus (a member of the Picornaviridae) and the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1; a member of the Retroviridae). Neither compound is toxic to adherent cells by dye uptake assay, although limited toxicity is apparent to non-adherent cell lines at high concentrations. The mechanisms underlying these effects are discussed. A diminished effect of 2-hydroxymyristic acid when the compound is dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) rather than ethanol is reported, and the implications for the use of DMSO as a ‘universal solvent’ for compound screening noted. Finally, it is suggested that targeting of ‘virus-essential’ cellular functions may provide an alternative route for inhibiting viral replication.