gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bioanalytical Method Development and Validation for Latanoprost Quantification in Pharmaceutical Opthalmic Microemulsion Formulation by RP-HPLC (2015)

A novel HPLC method has been developed and validated for the determination of Latanoprost in pharmaceutical ophthalmic formulation for in-vivo and ex-vivo animal studies. The method used a Supelco analytical C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm particle size) column, under the following chromatography conditions: Isocratic elution, using a mobile phase composed by consisting of acetonitrile as an organic modifier and water of 60:40 (v/v). The mobile phase was delivered at a flow rate of 1 ml/min and the detection was made by Ultraviolet (UV) detector at 210 nm. This method was fully validated and applied to available pharmaceutical product. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) for Latanoprost were 0.07 μg/ml and 0.019 μg/ml respectively. The purpose of this method analysis of marketed and developed ophthalmic formulations of Latanoprost. This method can be used for quality control assay of Latanoprost in materials as well as in pharmaceutical formulations.
D1 cap region involved in the receptor recognition and neural cell survival activity of human ciliary neurotrophic factor. (1995)

Human ciliary neurotrophic factor (hCNTF), which promotes the cell survival and differentiation of motor and other neurons, is a protein belonging structurally to the alpha-helical cytokine family. hCNTF was subjected to three-dimensional structure modeling and site-directed mutagenesis to analyze its structure-function relationship. The replacement of Lys-155 with any other amino acid residue resulted in abolishment of neural cell survival activity, and some of the Glu-153 mutant proteins had 5- to 10-fold higher biological activity. The D1 cap region (around the boundary between the CD loop and helix D) of hCNTF, including both Glu-153 and Lys-155, was shown to play a key role in the biological activity of hCNTF as one of the putative receptor-recognition sites. In this article, the D1 cap region of the 4-helix-bundle proteins is proposed to be important in receptor recognition and biological activity common to alpha-helical cytokine proteins reactive with gp130, a component protein of the receptors.
Magnetic and crystalline properties of ion-implanted garnet films with plasma exposure (1984)

The implantation induced anisotropy field change, ΔHk, and lattice strain, Δd/d, in ion implanted films have been found to be enhanced considerably by exposing films to plasma of H <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> , He, Ne and Ar gases in the substrate temperature greater than 100°C. The enhanced ΔHk is twice as large as the as-implanted value in typical experiments, and it is comparable to the ΔHk of the hydrogen ion implanted layer. The enhanced ΔHk of the exposed film decreases greatly with increasing annealing temperature, but this can be prevented coating the surface with an SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> layer. The changes of ΔHk profiles in plasma exposure are obtained by FMR technique. ΔHk is enhanced not only at the surface but also deep in the implanted layer. The origin of this effect is probably ascribed to the diffusion of the residual hydrogen into the implanted layer.
Diabetes therapies in renal impairment (2012)

Depending on age, duration of diabetes and glycaemic control, 20–40% of patients with type 2 diabetes will incur a moderate or severe deterioration of renal function. This will impact the choice of blood glucose-lowering therapy and require more frequent monitoring of both renal function and glycaemic control. Moderate renal impairment (glomerular filtration rate 30 – < 60 ml/min) requires consideration of dose reduction or treatment cessation for metformin, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, some sulphonylureas and some dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. At lower rates of glomerular filtration down to about 15 ml/min it may be appropriate to use a meglitinide, pioglitazone or certain sulphonylureas with careful consideration of dose and co-morbidities. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors can be used at reduced dose in patients with very low rates of glomerular filtration, and linagliptin can be used without dose reduction, and has been used in patients on dialysis. Insulin can be used at any stage of renal impairment, but the regimen and the dose must be suitably adjusted and accompanied by adequate monitoring.
An Adenovirus Type 5 (Ad5) Amplicon-Based Packaging Cell Line for Production of High-Capacity Helper-Independent ΔE1-E2-E3-E4 Ad5 Vectors (2005)

Production of multiply deleted adenoviral (Ad) vectors with increased cloning capacity and reduced immunogenicity to adenovirus gene products requires the concomitant generation of efficient packaging cell lines. High expression levels of the complementing genes must be achieved in a coordinated fashion with viral replication. This is a particularly difficult task in light of the significant cytotoxicity displayed by adenoviral proteins. To this end, we developed a novel adenovirus-based amplicon with an Epstein-Barr virus origin of replication, Ad type 5 (Ad5) inverted terminal repeats, all Ad5 early region 2 (E2) genes, and the early region 4 (E4) open reading frame 6 (ORF6) under the control of a tetracycline-dependent promoter. The amplicon (pE2) was stably maintained in multiple copies in the nuclei of 293 cells stably expressing the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) and allowed replication as a linear DNA upon induction of E2 and ORF6 gene expression. A stable cell line (2E2) was generated by introducing pE2 into 293EBNATet cells expressing the tetracycline-dependent transcriptional silencer and the reverse Tet transactivator (rtTA2). Upon induction with doxicycline, 2E2 cells produced higher levels of polymerase, precursor terminal protein (pTP), and DNA binding protein than noninduced 2E2 cells infected with first-generation Ad5 vector and supported efficient amplification of a multiply deleted Ad5 vector lacking E1, E2, E3, and E4 genes (Ad5DeltaE(1-4)). The high cloning capacity of Ad5DeltaE(1-4) (up to 12.6 kb) was exploited to construct a vector encoding the entire hepatitis C virus (HCV) polyprotein. Infection of HeLa cells by the resulting vector showed high levels of correctly processed HCV proteins.
PCAdmix: Principal Components-Based Assignment of Ancestry Along Each Chromosome in Individuals with Admixed Ancestry from Two or More Populations (2012)

Identifying ancestry along each chromosome in admixed individuals provides a wealth of information for understanding the population genetic history of admixture events and is valuable for admixture mapping and identifying recent targets of selection. We present PCAdmix (available at https://sites.google.com/site/pcadmix/home ), a Principal Components-based algorithm for determining ancestry along each chromosome from a high-density, genome-wide set of phased single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes of admixed individuals. We compare our method to HAPMIX on simulated data from two ancestral populations, and we find high concordance between the methods. Our method also has better accuracy than LAMP when applied to three-population admixture, a situation as yet unaddressed by HAPMIX. Finally, we apply our method to a data set of four Latino populations with European, African, and Native American ancestry. We find evidence of assortative mating in each of the four populations, and we identify regions of shared ancestry that may be recent targets of selection and could serve as candidate regions for admixture-based association mapping.
Probabilistic Inference Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods (2011)

Probabilistic inference is an attractive approach to uncertain reasoning and empirical learning in artificial intelligence. Computational difficulties arise, however, because probabilistic models with the necessary realism and flexibility lead to complex distributions over high-dimensional spaces. Related problems in other fields have been tackled using Monte Carlo methods based on sampling using Markov chains, providing a rich array of techniques that can be applied to problems in artificial intelligence. The &quot;Metropolis algorithm&quot; has been used to solve difficult problems in statistical physics for over forty years, and, in the last few years, the related method of &quot;Gibbs sampling&quot; has been applied to problems of statistical inference. Concurrently, an alternative method for solving problems in statistical physics by means of dynamical simulation has been developed as well, and has recently been unified with the Metropolis algorithm to produce the &quot;hybrid Monte Carlo&quot; method. In computer science, Markov chain sampling is the basis of the heuristic optimization technique of &quot;simulated annealing&quot;, and has recently been used in randomized algorithms for approximate counting of large sets. In this review, I outline the role of probabilistic inference in artificial intelligence, present the theory of Markov chains, and describe various Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms, along with a number of supporting techniques. I try to present a comprehensive picture of the range of methods that have been developed, including techniques from the varied literature that have not yet seen wide application in artificial intelligence, but which appear relevant. As illustrative examples, I use the problems of probabilistic inference in expert systems, discovery of latent classes from data, and Bayesian learning for neural networks.
Autonomous distributed V2G (vehicle-to-grid) considering charging request and battery condition (2010)

Integration of large scale renewable energy sources into power grid, battery energy storage performs an important role for smoothing their natural intermittency and ensuring grid-wide frequency stability. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and electric vehicle have potential of alternative of the battery because of its high performance lithiumion battery and longer plug-in time than driving time. Therefore, vehicle-to-grid is expected to be one of the key technologies for smart grids integrating renewable energy sources. In this paper, an autonomous distributed vehicle-to-grid control scheme is proposed. Grid-connected electric vehicles contribute frequency regulation and spinning reserve triggered by self-terminal frequency, which is a signal of supply and demand balance in the power grid. Proposed scheme also consider charging request for the next drive and battery condition during the vehicle-to-grid. Satisfaction of vehicle user convenience and effect load frequency control is evaluated through coupled analysis of vehicle-to-grid model and typical power grid model.
Q/V-band feed system development (2016)

The development of a slimline Q/V-band feed system engineering model (EM) suitable for multi-beam antenna applications and feed spacing of around 26mm is described. This new feed product will extend telecoms satellite capacity by using Q/V-band for gateway links and maximising the Ka-band spectrum for broadband user links. Following an initial feed architecture trade off and breadboard phase for critical feed components, a generic wideband feed architecture was selected for full EM feed development. This comprises a wideband feed horn, wide band polariser, wide band Ortho-mode Transducer (OMT), and a pair of triplexers to accommodate the most challenging filter frequency plan. Predicted and measured performance is presented. The work has been carried out in the frame of an ARTES 5.2 project.
Grafting of cyclodextrins onto polypropylene nonwoven fabrics for the manufacture of reactive filters. I. Synthesis parameters (2000)

A novel method for the preparation of immobilized α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins (α-, β-, or γ-CD) on polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabrics is presented. These new materials were prepared by graft-polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto PP filters using the electron-beam technique, followed by coupling of α-, β-, and γ-CDs with the epoxide group. Optimization of various reaction parameters such as time, temperature, irradiation dose, monomer, and CD concentration was carried out. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 2118–2125, 2000
DYNATOPS (2013)

Emerging societal scale notification applications call for a system that is able to efficiently support simple, yet changing subscriptions for a very large number of users. In this paper we propose DYNATOPS, a dynamic topic-based pub/sub architecture that provides efficient scalable societal scale event notifications for dynamic subscriptions via distributed broker networks. In DYNATOPS, users are moderately repositioned on brokers and brokers are moderately repositioned on the overlay structure for efficient event notifications, to adapt to the publications and subscription dynamics. In contrast to existing self-organized techniques, the broker network reconfiguration in DYNATOPS is executed in a planned manner utilizing a cost-driven reconfiguration process. With extensive experiments, we observe that under highly dynamic subscriptions DYNATOPS can still maintain an efficient dissemination structure that provides 30% less notification delay and overhead in general, and a reconfiguration cost reduction of 80% as compared to other state-of-the-art systems.
Les connaissances des élèves en mathématiques et en sciences en terminale (1996)

La troisieme enquete internationale d'evaluation des connaissances en mathematiques et en sciences a la fin des etudes secondaites - a laquelle la France a participe en mai 1995 - fait apparaitre, par dela les differences selon le type d'enseignement (general, technologique, professionnel), des contrastes marques selon les series. Les resultats, qui sont observes sur les eleves de terminale non redoublants, correpondent a ce que l'on pouvait attendre des diverses series compte tenu de leurs objectifs majeurs. La serie scentifique obtient les taux moyens de reussite les plus elevees. L'enseignement technologique, pour les series autre que les sciences et technologies tertiaires (STT), et sociale (ES), les STT ayant des resultats souvent proches de la serie litteraire. Les eleves de baccalaureat professionnel possedent des bases non negligeables equivalentes, en mathematiques, a celles de litteraires. Dans l'ensemble, les connaissances sont plus solides en mathematiques qu'en sciences. En sciences, quelle que soit la serie, les taux moyens de reussite dans le domaine des sciences de la vie et de la terre sont superieurs a ceux de physique-chimie. Le eleves ont eu des difficultes a resoudre quelques exercices lies a la vie quotidienne et a l'environnement. Quelle que soit la serie, les resultats des garcons sont, en moyenne, legerement superieurs a ceux des filles
Superior Nanoporous Polyimides via Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Drying of Jungle‐Gym‐Type Polyimide Gels (2007)

Abstract We report novel nanoporous polyimides formed from jungle‐gym‐type rigid polyimide gels by supercritical CO 2 drying. By virtue of supercritical CO 2 drying to avoid the collapse of nanostructure, porosity above 90 vol.‐% was achieved. We found a rich variety of nanoporous structures in the range of 50–800 nm such as crisp fragments, minute network, and highly‐connected beads. These characteristic structures were formed by the competitive progress of liquid‐liquid phase separation and crystallization induced due to the two chemical reactions of end‐crosslinking and thermal imidization during gelation. magnified image
TAN-1496 A, C and E, diketopiperazine antibiotics with inhibitory activity against mammalian DNA topoisomerase I. (1994)

Fungal metabolites with an epi-oligothiadiketopiperazine structure, TAN-1496 A, C and E, were isolated from the culture broth of Microsphaeropsis sp. FL-16144. Their molecular formulas were determined to be C22H28N2O9S2, C22H28N2O9S3 and C22H28N2O9S4, respectively. Structures were determined by comparing the NMR data with those of known diketopiperazine antibiotics, sirodesmins. These metabolites inhibited the relaxation of supercoiled pBR322 DNA by calf thymus topoisomerase I but did not affect the decatenation of kinetoplast DNA by calf thymus topoisomerase II at concentration up to 500 microM. They strongly suppressed the growth of various murine and human tumor cells and induced apoptosis. Moreover, various derivatives were synthesized to investigate the relationship of their functional groups and biological activities.
Thermal effects on the performance of floating ring bearings for turbochargers (2004)

Physical models and fast computational programs aim to improve the design and performance of turbocharger (TC) rotordynamics. Most commercial automotive TCs incorporate floating ring bearings (FRBs) owing to their low cost and reduced power losses. However, persistent subsynchronous motions afflict this type of rotor/bearing system, albeit reaching limit cycles that enable their continuous operation. FRBs comprise two fluid films in series and are prone to show one or two subsynchronous instabilities over extended speed ranges of operation. A flow model for prediction of FRB forced response is detailed here. The model incorporates a lumped-parameter thermal energy balance for estimation of the lubricant viscosity and thermal growth of the rotor, bearing and floating ring. The FRB model, fully integrated into a non-linear rotordynamics computational program, predicts the floating ring speed, journal and ring eccentricities, power loss and the rotordynamic force coefficients of the inner and outer films as a function of the load applied at a given rotor speed. Knowledge of the actual load conditions, static and dynamic, and the changes in operating clearance and effective lubricant viscosity are most important for accurate estimation of a TC dynamic forced response. Predictions for the exit lubricant temperature, power losses and floating ring speeds agree well with measurements obtained in an automotive turbocharger test rig. The rotordynamic stability characteristics of the test TC are also highlighted.
Microbiomes Associated With Foods From Plant and Animal Sources (2018)

Food microbiome composition impacts food safety and quality. The resident microbiota of many food products is influenced throughout the farm to fork continuum by farming practices, environmental factors, and food manufacturing and processing procedures. Currently, most food microbiology studies rely on culture-dependent methods to identify bacteria. However, advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies have enabled the use of targeted 16S rRNA gene sequencing to profile complex microbial communities including non-culturable members. In this study we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to assess the microbiome profiles of plant and animal derived foods collected at two points in the manufacturing process; post-harvest/pre-retail (cilantro) and retail (cilantro, masala spice mixes, cucumbers, mung bean sprouts, and smoked salmon). Our findings revealed microbiome profiles, unique to each food, that were influenced by the moisture content (dry spices, fresh produce), packaging methods, such as modified atmospheric packaging (mung bean sprouts and smoked salmon), and manufacturing stage (cilantro prior to retail and at retail). The masala spice mixes and cucumbers were comprised mainly of <i>Proteobacteria</i>, <i>Firmicutes</i>, and <i>Actinobacteria</i>. Cilantro microbiome profiles consisted mainly of <i>Proteobacteria</i>, followed by <i>Bacteroidetes</i>, and low levels of <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Actinobacteria</i>. The two brands of mung bean sprouts and the three smoked salmon samples differed from one another in their microbiome composition, each predominated by either by <i>Firmicutes</i> or <i>Proteobacteria</i>. These data demonstrate diverse and highly variable resident microbial communities across food products, which is informative in the context of food safety, and spoilage where indigenous bacteria could hamper pathogen detection, and limit shelf life.
Issues in Medical Diagnosis Using Computational Techniques (2012)

Early diagnosis of disease may save patient's life in case of detection of brain tumours and Cancerous tissues, Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease and many more. Computer Aided Diagnosis can assist physician to diagnose disease like cancer early and help consult specialist for further treatment. Paper reviews various techniques presented by researchers for medical diagnosis and their performance issues are discussed. Novel hybrid classifier to classify medical images is proposed. Proposed method first extracts features from images and converts them into transaction database. Then parallel Frequent Pattern (FP) Growth is applied to mine association rules and classified by Decision Tree classifier. Two methods combined together, Parallel FP-Growth association rule mining and Decision Tree classification gives more efficiency and accuracy for proposed system. Various classifiers are compared on real dataset using experiments.
Color prediction modeling for five-channel CMYLcLm printing (2014)

In printing, halftoning algorithms are applied in order to reproduce a continuous-tone image by a binary printing system. The image is transformed into a bitmap composed of dots varying in size and/or frequency. Nevertheless, this causes that the sparse dots found in light shades of cyan (C) and magenta (M) appear undesirably noticeable against white substrate. The solution is to apply light cyan (Lc) and light magenta (Lm) inks in those regions. In order to predict the color of CMYLcLm prints, we make use of the fact that Lc and Lm have similar spectral characteristics as C and M respectively. The goal of this paper is to present a model to characterize a five-channel CMYLcLm printing system using a three-channel color prediction model, where we treat the ink combinations Lc+C and Lm+M as new compound inks. This characterization is based on our previous three-channel CMY color prediction model that is capable of predicting both colorimetric tri-stimulus values and spectral reflectance. The drawback of the proposed model in this paper is the requirement of large number of training samples. Strategies are proposed to reduce this number, which resulted in expected larger but acceptable color differences.
Micromanipulator for enhancing surgeon's dexterity in cochlear atraumatic surgery (2006)

The hybrid stimulation in cochlear implants requires changes in the design of electrode arrays. A new generation of flat electrode arrays that does not damage the cochlea is being developed. For the insertion of these flat array electrodes a groove must be milled in the antero-inferior area of the round window niche. Even for the most experienced surgeon, it is very difficult to carry out this operation without damaging the cochlea. That is why external help is needed. For helping the surgeon to mill the groove, a compliant mechanism based micromanipulator has been designed, manufactured and tested. A surgical milling tool is attached to a specially designed compliant mechanism and positioned properly along the auditory canal. The compliant mechanism guides the motion of the surgical tool, keeping tactile feedback and enhancing the dexterity of the surgeon for an accurate milling of the groove.
Bloch-mode analysis for retrieving effective parameters of metamaterials (2012)

We introduce an approach for retrieving effective parameters of metamaterials based on the Bloch-mode analysis of quasiperiodic composite structures. We demonstrate that, in the case of single-mode propagation, a complex effective refractive index can be assigned to the structure, being restored by our method with a high accuracy. We employ both surface and volume averaging of the electromagnetic fields of the dominating (fundamental) Bloch modes to determine the Bloch and wave impedances, respectively. We discuss how this method works for several characteristic examples, and demonstrate that this approach can be useful for retrieval of both material and wave effective parameters of a broad range of metamaterials.