gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gas transport in electronically conductive polymers (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGas transport in electronically conductive polymersWenbin Liang and Charles R. MartinCite this: Chem. Mater. 1991, 3, 3, 390–391Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00015a007https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00015a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views313Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Digital reconstruction of multidimensional signals from their projections (1974)

In a wide variety of applications it is necessary to infer the structure of a multidimensional object from a set of its projections. There has been a long-standing interest in this problem and a number of different techniques have been proposed. In this paper, we present a tutorial review of the reconstruction problem and some of the algorithms which have been proposed for its solution. In addition, we present a number of new algorithms that appear to have some advantages over previous algorithms. Some comparisons of these algorithms applied to reconstructions of two-dimensional pictures are given. Furthermore, a number of new theoretical results are presented relating to the minimum number of projections necessary for exact reconstruction.
Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of areca nut-related compounds in cultured human buccal epithelial cells. (1989)

Because betel quid chewing has been linked to the development of oral cancer, pathobiological effects of an aqueous areca nut extract, four areca nut alkaloids (arecoline, guvacoline, guvacine, and arecaidine), and four nitrosated derivatives [N-nitrosoguvacoline, N-nitrosoguvacine, 3-(N-nitrosomethylamino)propionaldehyde and 3-(N-nitrosomethylamino)propionitrile] have been investigated using cultured human buccal epithelial cells. Areca nut extract in a dose-dependent manner decreases cell survival, vital dye accumulation, and membrane integrity, and it causes formation of both DNA single strand breaks and DNA protein cross-links. Depletion of cellular free low-molecular-weight thiols also occurs, albeit at quite toxic concentrations. Comparisons of the areca nut-related N-nitroso compounds and their precursor alkaloids, at concentrations up to 5 mM, indicate that 3-(N-nitrosomethylamino)propionaldehyde is the most potent on a molar basis to decrease both survival and thiol content and to cause significant formation of DNA single strand breaks. Arecoline, guvacoline, or N-nitrosoguvacoline decreases survival and cellular thiols, whereas arecaidine, guvacine, N-nitrosoguvacine, and 3-(N-nitrosomethylamino)propionitrile have only minor effects on these variables. Taken together, the present studies indicate that aqueous extract and, in particular, one N-nitroso compound related to areca nut, i.e., 3-(N-nitrosomethylamino)propionaldehyde, are highly cytotoxic and genotoxic to cultured human buccal epithelial cells, of potential importance in the induction of tumors in betel quid chewers.
Closed reduction vertebroplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (2004)

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and feasibility of closed reduction vertebroplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Two hundred consecutive patients (183 women and 17 men) with single-level osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture were included in this study. After induction of general anesthesia, the patient was placed prone on an operating table. Closed reduction of the fractured and kyphotic spine was achieved by extending the table to restore the kyphotic angle and vertebral body (VB) height. Percutaneous vertebroplasty was then performed to treat the fractured vertebra. The results were quantitatively evaluated, according to the concept of estimated VB height. The anterior, middle, and posterior VB heights of the fractured vertebra were measured preoperatively and immediately after surgery by studying plain standing lateral radiographs. In 162 (81%) of the compression fractures the anterior VB height was restored (57.1 +/- 24.8% of lost anterior VB height); in 152 (76%) of the compression fractures the middle VB height was restored (61.4 +/- 20.6% of lost middle VB height); and in 52 (26%) of the compression fractures the posterior VB height was restored (51.3 +/- 23.1% of lost posterior VB height). In 141 (71.5%) of the compression fractures kyphosis was corrected by 12.5 +/- 3.8 degrees [mean 61.6 +/- 23.7%]). Closed reduction vertebroplasty is an efficacious and simple method in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture and was able to restore the VB height and kyphotic angle in postions of fractured vertebrae. Its associated, long-term effects on treated vertebrae, however, need further evaluation.
Interconnected resonant gyros for improved performance (2003)

A brief review of the operation of vibratory gyroscopes and the status of commercial micromachined gyroscopes is presented in the introduction. Following the introduction, an alternative design approach employing multiple, coupled gyroscopes per angular axis is examined as a method to improve performance and redundancy in angular rate sensors. The results are from simulations and explore the effects of non-identical gyroscopes, variations in the driving frequency, and coupling on synchronization in the array. A novel operating approach is presented that requires the array of gyroscopes to be synchronized in phase and frequency to improve the detection of sense axis displacement and to utilize one amplitude demodulator for the entire array of gyroscopes.
High efficiency selective emitter cells using patterned ion implantation (2011)

In this paper we present recent advances of the Varian patterned ion implantation selective emitter solar cell process, Solion Blue. Varian's ion implantation system, known as Solion, is currently deployed in manufacturing. This novel doping approach enables 1) simplification of the process flow by eliminating the non-value add steps such as PSG etch and junction isolation common to diffusion-based processes, 2) improved junction quality compared to diffusion processes through precise dopant control, and 3) improved surface passivation using a thermal oxide/silicon nitride ARC. Improvements in emitter quality, through oxide passivation and elimination of the “dead” layer associated with diffusion based processes, has enabled production of > 18.5% efficiency solar cells with simplified processing. The Solion Blue process enables patterned doping using in situ masking, rendering manufacturing of a precise selective emitter with an additional cell efficiency boost. Here we report on the first in a series of optimizations of the ion implanted selective emitter cell process, focusing on assessing the impact of the metallization contact width. These results suggest that, unlike diffusion based selective emitter processes, in which the focus is minimization of the contact width, due to attendant higher surface recombination, the ion implant selective emitter architecture is relatively invariant with contact width, thus enabling a wider contact window. Good surface passivation, precision doping and simplified processing make a compelling case for patterned ion implantation as the preferred doping approach for selective emitter cells and other high efficiency cell architectures, including those that require patterned boron.
Spin mosfets using ferromagnetic schottky barrier contacts for the source and drain (2005)

Spin transistors, which utilize two ferromagnetic layers as a spin injector and as a spin detector, are very attractive as a basis for spin-electronic integrated circuits, owing to their additional spin degree of freedom in controlling output currents. In particular, recently proposed spin MOSFETs that are spin transistors analogous to MOSFETs are promising, since its prospected large current-drive capability, large magnetocurrent ratio, and compatibility with present MOS technology can lead to novel nonvolatile memory and reconfigurable logic architectures [1-3]. The spin MOSFETs can be classified by the structure of the source/drain and the source/drain material [1]. The simplest and most feasible way to realize a spin MOSFET is to replace the source/drain material of an Schottky barrier (SB) MOSFET with a ferromagnetic metal that forms a ferromagnetic Schottky junction with the Si channel (Fig.l). In this paper, we present the theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration of spin MOSFETs using a ferromagnetic metal for the SB source/drain.
Moderne Waschmittel (1992)

Abstract Waschmittel stehen heute in aller Öffentlichkeit im Spannungsfeld zwischen nicht nachlassendem Wohlstandsanspruch und wachsendem Umweltbewußtsein der Bevölkerung: Nach bestimmungsgemäßem Gebrauch gelangen die Inhaltsstoffe der Waschmittel vollständig in den Abwasserpfad und müssen in den Kläranlagen biologisch abgebaut oder durch Adsorption und Fällung aus dem Abwasser eliminiert werden. Da niemand auf Reinigung, Pflege und vor allem auch Hygiene verzichten will und soll, bieten die Umweltprobleme also eine ständige Herausforderung zur Innovation.
Audit of diabetes mellitus in general practice. (2004)

An audit on diabetic management was done in seven Perak general practice (GP) clinics in December 2001. The results showed inadequacies in nine out of eleven criteria assessed. Remedial measures were implemented. A second audit in March 2003, at the completion of the audit cycle, showed improvements in all the criteria used. All clinics established a diabetic register compared to 28.6% in the first audit and 57.1% of the clinics set up a reminder mechanism compared to 0% in the first audit. In the process of care, recording of weight, height, blood pressure; feet examination, fundoscopy, blood sugar monitoring and urine for albumin improved at the end of the audit cycle. In the only outcome criteria, the blood sugar control improved from 21.8% to 31.3%.
Breast Fine-needle Aspiration:<i>A Comparison of Thin-layer and Conventional Preparation</i> (1994)

Two hundred forty-two breast fine-needle aspirates prepared by the Cytyc ThinPrep Processor were compared with aspirates prepared by the conventional smear method. Palpable and nonpalpable mammographic breast lesions were aspirated and the first half of the aspirate was submitted for conventional smears and the second half was rinsed into a proprietary fixative and loaded on the ThinPrep Processor for monolayer slide preparation. The matched pairs were diagnosed and analyzed separately in a double-blinded manner and later paired for comparison. Diagnoses correlated exactly in 62% of cases. The diagnosis of fibroadenoma was made in only 4 of 21 cases on ThinPrep (19% correlation). Semiquantitative analysis of several cytologic features indicated potential pitfalls for accurate diagnosis using the ThinPrep Processor. These included loss of background constituents (such as stroma and adipose tissue), decreased cellularity and single ductal epithelial cells, and decreased cytologic detail including size, shape and nuclear texture. The ThinPrep Processor may play a role in breast fine-needle aspiration, but further investigation is warranted before it is used as a sole preparatory method.
Numerical Methods and the Computer (1972)

The transfer from pen and paper methods to hand calculator methods which has been made by many teachers still uses visible denary digits. We are now beginning the transfer to a computer and I feel that the Mathematical Association’s admirable new report does not place enough emphasis on the possibilities of computer system errors which are invisible to the user. The teacher looking at numerical error must not put untested faith in its abilities, and must not expect it always to behave in a regular denary fashion, as will be shown in the tests below. He must also be warned that the computer reference manual rarely has the reliability of a text-book.
Variability in Race Tests with Heterodera glycines. (1988)

Tests of Heterodera glycines on differential host plants to determine races were run in Arkansas, Illinois, and North Carolina to check the uniformity of results of the test. Methods used at the three locations varied somewhat. Results indicate that the race test is highly variable. Isolates previously identified as race 1 were identified as race 1 or race 3; those identified as race 2 were identified in these tests as race 2, 4, 9, or 14; those previously identified as race 3 were identified as race 1 or race 3; those identified as race 4 were identified in these tests as race 4 or race 14; those previously identified as race 5 were identified as race 2; and those previously identified as race 6 were identified as race 1, 2, 4, 5, or 6. Part of the variability resulted from the use of differential host plants from different sources and part from nonstandard differential host plants. Other variations may be due to inability to obtain completely uniform inoculum or to recover all nematodes that penetrated.
Butenylbithiophene, α‐terthienyl and hydroxytremetone as contact allergens in cultivars of marigold (<i>Tagetes</i> sp.) (1995)

Ornamental cultivars of Tagetes sp., commonly named marigold, are one of the presently most popular pot and garden plants. Sensitizing experiments in guinea pigs with short ether extracts and isolated compounds revealed the presence of 3 constituents that must be considered as contact allergens. They were identified as 5-(3-buten-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene, alpha-terthienyl and hydroxytremetone. In sensitized animals, butenylbithiophene showed moderate to strong sensitizing potency, while alpha-terthienyl was less strong and hydroxytremetone weak. The results demonstrate, for the first time, that at least some of the thiophenes abundantly occurring in many species of the Compositae family possess not only phototoxic activity but also sensitizing properties.
Characteristics of network traffic flow anomalies (2001)

Article Share on Characteristics of network traffic flow anomalies Authors: Paul Barford University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI University of Wisconsin, Madison, WIView Profile , David Plonka University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI University of Wisconsin, Madison, WIView Profile Authors Info & Claims IMW '01: Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Internet measurementNovember 2001Pages 69–73https://doi.org/10.1145/505202.505211Published:01 November 2001Publication History 142citation2,240DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations142Total Downloads2,240Last 12 Months55Last 6 weeks6 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
A Flying Odor Compass to Autonomously Locate the Gas Source (2017)

The design of a flying odor compass is proposed for the localization of gas source. The compass is built on a quad-rotor helicopter and contains three gas sensors. A data processing method is proposed to estimate the direction which the odor comes from. The method adopts continuous wavelet transform and modulus maxima approaches to uncover the time difference information hidden in the gas sensor signals. Experiments have demonstrated the effectiveness of this design.
Principles of quasi- and multi-resonant power conversion techniques (1991)

Recently developed quasi-resonant and multi-resonant DC-DC power conversion techniques are reviewed. Quasi-resonant converter (QRC) and multi-resonant converter (MRC) topologies are derived from the conventional square-wave, pulse-width modulated (PWM) converters by adding resonant components to achieve zero-current switching (ZCS) or zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of the semiconductor devices. ZCS and ZVS reduce switching losses caused by the parasitic leakage inductance of the power transformer and junction capacitances of semiconductor devices. As a result, QRCs and MRCs can operate at higher switching frequencies and achieve higher power density than PWM converters. Explanations of operations of zero-current-switched and zero-voltage-switched QRCs and MRCs are provided, and their relative advantages and limitations are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
N-Acylation Reactions Performed in Aqueous Reaction Medium:  Screening and Optimising of a Synthetic Step of a Process for Iodixanol (2002)

This contribution presents results from a development and optimisation project concerning a synthetic process for iodixanol. Iodixanol is the “active ingredient” in Visipaque (Nycomed Amersham now Amersham Health) a medical X-ray imaging contrast agent. The process step that was developed and optimised comprised a reaction between a tetraacid chloride and 3-aminopropane-1,2-diol for obtaining the corresponding tetraamide. This reaction was originally performed using DMA as reaction medium, a reaction that gave a medium-to-high yield of the tetraamide. Solvent screening was performed followed by process optimisation using response surface methodology. Surprisingly, a solvent mixture composed by 1:2 v/v THF:water was determined to be a superb reaction medium. Tuning the experimental condition according to the developed multivariate empirical model gave an excellent yield of the target molecule, nearly 94% with only small quantities of the main side product, monoacid triamide, which indicates a rather low hydrolytic degradation of the substrate. The current synthetic process step to iodixanol showed also a general validity when a small variety of amino alcohols and acid chlorides were reacted to successfully obtain the desired amides in high yields, concomitant with low outcomes of the most likely side products, that is the hydrolysis products of the acid chlorides.
Secure Internet access to gateway using secure socket layer (2003)

Internet is the most widely used medium to access remote sites. Data sent and received using TCP/IP is in plain text format and can be accessed and tampered quite easily and hence provides no data security. Especially, if the data is confidential and access to the gateway server has to be strictly controlled. Although there are several controls and mechanisms that have been thoroughly scrutinized to tackle these problems. In this paper we intend to provide a model that uses SSL to provide a secure channel between client and gateway server. Smart card will be used for client authentication and encryption/decryption of the data.
P1‐054: Early and advanced stages of Tau aggregation in transgenic mouse models (2008)

Tau is an axonal microtubule stabilising protein in neurons. The repeat domain of tau is the major constituent of the Paired Helical Filaments that constitute the neurofibrillary lesions of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aggregated tau proteins are also found in a variety of other neurodegenerative diseases. Mutations in the tau gene are associated with hereditary frontotemporal forms of dementia and enhance tau protein aggregation in vitro. To model tau aggregation in vivo, transgenic mouse models expressing two different human tau cDNA constructs under the control of the murine Thy1-promoter were generated. In the first, truncated tau (amino acids 295–390 of the 441-residue isoform) was fused with a membrane localisation signal sequence to nucleate aggregation. In the second, full-length tau carrying a double mutation (P301S/G335D) was fused with the same signal sequence. Tau pathology was measured immunohistochemically using mAb 7/51, an antibody having an epitope within the repeat domain of tau. There was age-dependent increase in tau-immunoreactivity in the brains from Line 1 mice expressing the repeat domain fragment. The tau aggregates was not in the form of classical filaments seen in AD, as they are neither argyrophilic nor thioflavin-S positive. They are similar to the early stage amorphous aggregates described in AD. The anatomical pattern and progression of the tau-immunoreactivity was similar to that seen in AD, described by Braak staging. This transgenic mouse line was characterised by subtle behavioural changes observed as early as two months of age, leading to a robust cognitive endophenotype by 6 months. In contrast, two lines of mice expressing full-length tau with the double mutation showed tau aggregates that were both argyrophilic and thioflavin-S positive, as well as being strongly labelled with mAb 7/51. Expression of the mutant tau was associated with prominent motoric impairment in these mice. Transgenic mice are described in which tau pathology develops to different extents comparable with the early and late stages of AD neurofibrillary pathology. These mice present with cognitive and motor deficits, respectively.
Primary association of a TNF gene polymorphism with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (1999)

The associations of three promoter polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor (TNFA) gene have been studied in 238 patients and 324 control subjects. A significant correlation was found between MS susceptibility and the TNFA-376 polymorphism. This association was independent of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II association and the combined inheritance of HLA-DRB1*1501 and the TNFA-376A allele more than additively increased susceptibility to MS.
Reliable 1550nm SI BH lasers fabricated using an improved Ru precursor (2008)

We have fabricated and assessed 1550 nm SIBH FP lasers using a novel Ruthenium precursor for MOVPE. Low temperature analysis revealed no unexpected defects and performance is similar to standard p-n-p-n current blocking devices. Accelerated aging at 85degC indicates no significant degradation after 5,700 hours on test.
Myriad: cost-effective disaster tolerance (2002)

This paper proposes a new approach for achieving dis-aster tolerance in large, geographically-distributed stor-age systems. The system, called Myriad, can achieve the same level of disaster tolerance as a typical single mir-rored solution, but uses considerably fewer physical re-sources, by employing cross-site checksums (via erasure codes) instead of direct replication. The key technical contribution of the paper is a proto-col permitting cross-site checksums to be updated in such a way that data recovery is always possible. Another im-portant contribution is the specification of a protocol for recovering from disasters, explicitly verifying the claim of disaster tolerance. Further, it is shown by direct cal-culation and analytical modeling that Myriad compares favorably with mirroring in terms of both total cost of ownership and reliability. 1