gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Directional Release of Reovirus from the Apical Surface of Polarized Endothelial Cells (2013)

Bloodstream spread of viruses within infected hosts is a critical but poorly understood step in viral disease. Reoviruses first enter the host through the oral or respiratory route and infect cells in the central nervous system. Spread of reoviruses to the brain occurs by blood or nerves, which makes reoviruses useful models for studies of systemic viral dissemination. In this study, we examined how reoviruses infect endothelial cells, which form the walls of blood vessels. We found that reovirus infection of endothelial cells allows the virus to enter blood vessels and serves as a means for the virus to reach high titers in the circulation. Understanding how reovirus is routed through endothelial cells may aid in the design of antiviral drugs that target this important step in systemic viral infections.
What happens to patients who leave hospital against medical advice? (2003)

The significantly increased risk of readmission among general medicine patients who leave hospital AMA is concentrated in the first 2 weeks after discharge. However, it is difficult to identify which patients will likely be readmitted.
The Eisenmenger Syndrome: I (1958)

Eponymous titles are no longer in fashion, because they frequently lend themselves to controversy over historical precedence, invite criticism on the grounds of descriptive inaccuracy, and can usually be replaced with advantage by a scientific name which simultaneously identifies, defines, and classifies the disease in question. The term "Eisenmenger's syndrome," as used in these lectures, therefore requires some explanation, especially since the Editor of the British Heart Journal stated recently that it has " outlived [its] usefulness and should no longer be used in clinical medicine" (Brotmacher and Campbell, 1958).
A Citrus Extract plus Ascorbic Acid Decreases Lipids, Lipid Peroxides, Lipoprotein Oxidative Susceptibility, and Atherosclerosis in Hypercholesterolemic Hamsters (1998)

A citrus extract containing flavonoids and ascorbic acid was used as a supplement to investigate its effect on lipids in hypercholesterolemic hamsters. Ascorbic acid or the flavonoids were without effect except that ascorbate did significantly raise HDL. After 1 month of feeding, the citrus extract plus ascorbic acid synergistically caused a significant reduction of 77%, 66%, and 40% in plasma total cholesterol, LDL + VLDL, and triglycerides, respectively, in comparison to the control group. The extract was also a synergistic inhibitor of in vitro cupric ion LDL + VLDL oxidation compared with ascorbic acid or the flavonoids alone. In a second 10-week hamster study, citrus extract plus ascorbate also significantly lowered plasma lipids, lipid peroxides, and ex vivo LDL + VLDL oxidizability vs a control group. Citrus extract plus ascorbate strongly inhibited atherosclerosis, and there was a significant correlation between several indices of oxidative susceptibility and atherosclerosis. Keywords: Lipids; atherosclerosis; flavonoids; lipid peroxidation; hamster
Interfacial characteristics of N2O and NO nitrided SiO2 grown on SiC by rapid thermal processing (1997)

Interfacial characteristics of Al/SiO2/n-type 6H–SiC metal–oxide–semiconductor capacitors fabricated by rapid thermal processing (RTP) with N2O and NO annealing are investigated. Interface state density was measured by a conductance technique at room temperature. RTP oxidation in pure O2 leads to an excellent SiO2/n-type 6H–SiC interface with interface state density in the order of 1010–1011 eV−1 cm−2. NO annealing improves the SiO2/n-type 6H–SiC interface, while N2O annealing increases the interface state density.
Immunology of interactions between ticks and hosts (1997)

Infestation with ixodid tick stimulates the immune regulatory and effector pathways of the hosts involving antigen presenting cells, T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, basophils, mast cells, eosinophils and a variety of bioactive molecules like cytokines, antibodies and complement. Tick-mediated immunosuppression has been investigated using cells derived from infested animals and by exposing cells from uninfected animals to tick salivary gland molecules. Tick-induced suppression of host immune defences is characterized by reduced ability of lymphocytes from infested animals to proliferate in vitro in the presence of concanavalin A (Con A), diminished primary antibody responses to T-cell dependent antigen, and decreased elaboration of macrophage (IL-1 and TNF-alpha) and Th1-lymphocyte cytokines (IFN-gamma), whereas Th2 cytokines production (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) is enhanced. It is known that IL-10 inhibits Th1 cell development and also reduces the in vitro T-lymphocyte proliferative response to Con A stimulation. Proteins which inhibited T-lymphocyte in vitro responsiveness to Con A were also isolated from tick salivary glands.
MONOCLONAL ANTI‐B PRODUCED BY THE IMMUNIZATION OF MICE WITH SOLUBLE SALIVARY GLYCOPROTEINS (1983)

IgM and IgG mouse monoclonal antibodies with specificity for the blood group B determinant have been produced by immunization of mice with a partially purified salivary glycoprotein. These antibodies have been characterized and one of the IgM antibodies showed potential as a grouping reagent. The ready availability of these salivary blood group substances offers the potential to produce a wide range of related monoclonal antibodies.
One-shot Reed-Solomon decoding for high-performance dependable systems (2002)

This paper presents a scheme of ultra-fast one-shot Reed-Solomon decoding (prototyped (40-34,32,8) soft-IP demonstrating over 7 Gb/s using 0.35 /spl mu/m ASIC technology) and discusses its application to future dependable computer systems, taking a redundant array memory system as an example. We compare different memory configurations and identify improved fault-tolerance to single-bit failures as well as chip and card failures for smaller system overheads when random quad-byte one-shot Reed-Solomon decoding is used. We also discuss an alternative use of the powerful coding gain, i.e., an application to the dynamic refresh interval control of DRAMs, in order to optimize the refresh overheads in performance and power consumption. We believe that the one-shot Reed-Solomon decoding offers an advanced error correction capability for various parts of future high-performance computer systems, where system-level reliability can suffer because of rapidly increasing data size and speed.
Artificial Recharge of a Well at Walla Walla (1960)

For many years there has been a progressive water level decline in some wells taking water from artesian zones of the Columbia River basalt of the Walla Walla Basin. Because of this decline, it became apparent that the Washington Division of Water Resources, through administrative authority, would eventually have to limit the total annual pumpage of water from the basalt aquifers or implement a program whereby the safe sustained yield could be materially increased. In 1951, a well‐spacing program was adopted, designed to maintain a reasonable distance between wells pumping from the artesian zones. This, as well as permitting a greater seasonal lowering of the water table, made possible an increased annual withdrawal from the basin with reasonable assurance that water withdrawn would be replaced annually by natural recharge. Hydrographs of observation wells suggest that the program was generally successful, with the exception of the subbasin in which Walla Walla city Wells 1, 2, and 3 are located, where water levels continued to decline. This succession of events led the Division of Water Resources to request the cooperation of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Ground Water Branch in a program to evaluate the possibility of supplementing the water supply in basalt aquifers by artificial recharge through injection wells. Fortunately, Walla Walla officials approved the use of their water supply facilities for the recharge experiment; otherwise the project would not have been economically feasible, as it would have required an expenditure of about $100,000 to duplicate the facilities.
Broad-band injected-beam crossed-field amplifiers (1977)

The design and operation of injected-beam-crossed-field amplifiers, which provide efficient amplification over octave frequency bands with grid control in compact PM Focused format, are described. Dielectric supported meander lines, which are used to provide the low-dispersion and high-interaction impedance required to achieve octave bandwidth, are detailed. Relationships between space charge, gain factor, beam impedance, circuit loss, and circuit dimensions are derived for design optimization. An electron gun with a negative grid, which provides noise suppression, as well as a nonintercepting current control electrode, is shown to be effective in controlling the beam current continuously from zero to full operating value. Operating characteristics of production CFA's, providing 1 kW of average power in pulsed and CW operation and up to 5-kW peak pulsed power, are presented to illustrate the inherent multimode performance which can be achieved with low-voltage grid control.
Heteroaryl Phosphonates as Noncovalent Inhibitors of Both Serine- and Metallocarbapenemases (2019)

Gram-negative pathogens expressing serine β-lactamases (SBLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs), especially those with carbapenemase activity, threaten the clinical utility of almost all β-lactam antibiotics. Here we describe the discovery of a heteroaryl phosphonate scaffold that exhibits noncovalent cross-class inhibition of representative carbapenemases, specifically the SBL KPC-2 and the MBLs NDM-1 and VIM-2. The most potent lead, compound <b>16</b>, exhibited low nM to low μM inhibition of KPC-2, NDM-1, and VIM-2. Compound <b>16</b> potentiated imipenem efficacy against resistant clinical and laboratory bacterial strains expressing carbapenemases while showing some cytotoxicity toward human HEK293T cells only at concentrations above 100 μg/mL. Complex structures with KPC-2, NDM-1, and VIM-2 demonstrate how these inhibitors achieve high binding affinity to both enzyme classes. These findings provide a structurally and mechanistically new scaffold for drug discovery targeting multidrug resistant Gram-negative pathogens and more generally highlight the active site features of carbapenemases that can be leveraged for lead discovery.
Draft for ACM self-assessment procedure on human-computer interaction (1989)

A skeleton version of this self-assessment was published in the SIGCHI Bulletin , July 1988. That initial pilot version outlined the content, scope and question type planned. The comments received have been incorporated into the current version, which has questions on almost all the desired topics - the notable exception is a question on conceptual models. The purpose of this draft is to allow testing of the questions themselves, and subsequent revision. Note that the question format for an ACM self-assessment is constrained to ensure that individuals can assess the correctness of their answers. In practice this means multiple-choice questions are the favoured format, with some use of short answer questions. This imposes limitations on the self-assessment procedure, and not all topics in human-computer interaction fit well within these limitations. In some cases, I felt strongly that a topic must be included, even if the possible questions did not do it justice - for example, some of the questions asking for corrections to misconceptions.
Black Oil Delumping: Running Black Oil Reservoir Simulations and Getting Compositional Wellstreams in the North Kuwait Jurassic Complex (2009)

Abstract The North Kuwait Jurassic Complex (NKJC) consists of five fields, each with three identified reservoirs within the naturally fractured Jurassic carbonate formation. These reservoirs contain multiple fluid types (gas-condensate and volatile oil) at near-critical conditions. Multiple scenario production forecasts are required to prepare an optimal development plan for the complex. Current compartmentalization understanding based on geological and engineering data led to 24 isolated segments for which up to 24 separate simulation models can be potentially built. Because of global production targets and constraints, these models cannot be run in isolation. A multiple reservoir simulations coupling controller that dynamically apportions global production targets among different reservoirs is used for the purpose. Compositions from different reservoirs are needed for surface facility design and operation. Compositional simulation is prohibitively computationally expensive for a multi-scenario production performance study for the NKJC. Black oil reservoir simulation is computationally far less demanding than compositional simulation. It does not, though, provide the detailed compositional information necessary for surface process modeling. We demonstrate that using a black oil delumping method based primarily on the compositional information generated when simulating the laboratory depletion process (CVD, CCE, DL) overcomes the main limitation of black oil reservoir simulation in the NKJC. The method enables the composition and component molar rates of a producing well from a black oil reservoir simulation to be accurately reconstituted. Full computational advantages of black oil modeling are obtained while preserving the reservoir details required for an accurate prediction of well and reservoir behavior. Comparison of results obtained from a compositional model to those obtained from a black oil model using black oil delumping shows excellent agreement. This study shows that black oil simulation with black oil delumping is a viable alternative to compositional simulation and fulfills the requirements for multi-scenario production forecasts in the NKJC.
Disfunctional Factors of R&D Information Retrieval Utilization: the Case of Environmental Science Database & Networks (2002)

사용자는 원하는 자료를 검색하기 위해서 각 위치에 대한 정보를 저장하고 있는 검색엔진을 이용하는 경우가 대부분이다. 하지만 자료의 양이 방대해 짐에 따라 사용자에게 실제로 필요한 정보가 아닐 경우가 많이 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결할 수 있는 개인형 릴 인터페이스 에이전트 시스템인 7f 가이드를 제안하였다. 웹 가이드는 사용자의 행동과 에이전트의 방문을 키워드를 중심으로 각각의 사례로 저장하는 사례기반 학습 방법을 이용, 특징 개인 사용자가 웹 상에서 검색하고자 하는 자료를 입력받은 후부터 사용자의 방문 행동을 학습하여 보다 빠른 시간 내에 원하고자 하는 자료를 검색할 수 있도록 도와주는 에이전트 시스템이다.
Smart Phone Based Indoor Pedestrian Localization System (2013)

Indoor Positioning Systems (IPSs) are emerging computing systems that can locate objects or people inside indoor environment. This technology shows assurance for future mobile apps that can be used in malls, museums, hospitals, airports and college campuses for self localization. Despite advances in Global Positioning System (GPS) technology, indoor spaces are still out of reach of satellites. GPS signals are not designed to penetrate most construction materials. An IPS relies on nearby anchors or landmarks, and uses various sensing schemes including artificial vision, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Camera images etc. In this paper, we present a system that leverages the camera and Wi-Fi present in the smart phones carried by users, to track them as they traverse in indoor environments. It makes use of a radio map of an indoor environment. A significant challenge that our system surmounts is to estimate user's position without any prior user-specific knowledge, such as the user's initial location. The results obtained after conducting simulations demonstrate the validity and suitability of the proposed algorithm to provide a high performance level in terms of positional accuracy and scalability.
Review. Actes du Quatrieme Congres International d'Histoire Litteraire, Paris, 1948 (1951)

REVIEWS Get access Actes du Quatrième Congrès International d' Histoire Littéoraire Moderne, Paris, 1948. Paris: Boivin. 1950. 269 pp. F. C. ROE F. C. ROE ABERDEEN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies, Volume V, Issue 4, January 1951, Pages 375–376, https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/V.4.375 Published: 01 January 1951
Chemical Composition, Nitrogen Fractions and Amino Acids Profile of Milk from Different Animal Species (2015)

Milk composition is an imperative aspect which influences the quality of dairy products. The objective of study was to compare the chemical composition, nitrogen fractions and amino acids profile of milk from buffalo, cow, sheep, goat, and camel. Sheep milk was found to be highest in fat (6.82%±0.04%), solid-not-fat (11.24%±0.02%), total solids (18.05%±0.05%), protein (5.15%±0.06%) and casein (3.87%±0.04%) contents followed by buffalo milk. Maximum whey proteins were observed in camel milk (0.80%±0.03%), buffalo (0.68%±0.02%) and sheep (0.66%±0.02%) milk. The non-protein-nitrogen contents varied from 0.33% to 0.62% among different milk species. The highest r-values were recorded for correlations between crude protein and casein in buffalo (r = 0.82), cow (r = 0.88), sheep (r = 0.86) and goat milk (r = 0.98). The caseins and whey proteins were also positively correlated with true proteins in all milk species. A favorable balance of branched-chain amino acids; leucine, isoleucine, and valine were found both in casein and whey proteins. Leucine content was highest in cow (108±2.3 mg/g), camel (96±2.2 mg/g) and buffalo (90±2.4 mg/g) milk caseins. Maximum concentrations of isoleucine, phenylalanine, and histidine were noticed in goat milk caseins. Glutamic acid and proline were dominant among non-essential amino acids. Conclusively, current exploration is important for milk processors to design nutritious and consistent quality end products.
A Clustering Method Based on K-Means Algorithm (2012)

In this paper we combine the largest minimum distance algorithm and the traditional K-Means algorithm to propose an improved K-Means clustering algorithm. This improved algorithm can make up the shortcomings for the traditional K-Means algorithm to determine the initial focal point. The improved K-Means algorithm effectively solved two disadvantages of the traditional algorithm, the first one is greater dependence to choice the initial focal point, and another one is easy to be trapped in local minimum[1], [2].
Hemiarthroplasty in the Treatment of Hallux Rigidus (2008)

A hemiarthroplasty retained, in most cases, joint mobility, strength, and alignment while relieving pain. There was no evidence, at last followup, of component loosening or osteolysis.
Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Allylic Alkylations of Allenes (2005)

The dynamic kinetic asymmetric allylic alkylations of racemic allene acetates has been developed with the DACH-phenyl Trost ligand 2 to give general access to allenes with high enantiomeric excess (84-95%) for both malonate and amine nucleophiles. Further, a most unusual dependence of enantioselectivity on base has been uncovered. The magnitude of the enantioselectivity is heavily dependent on the base for the malonate nucleophiles, but the sense and magnitude of the asymmetric induction is dependent on the base for the amine nucleophiles. A Rh(I)-catalyzed intramolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition of the DYKAT products was accomplished to afford formal Diels-Alder adducts, wherein the axial chirality is faithfully transferred into multiple stereogenic centers as well as olefin geometry.
Joint Linkage and Linkage Disequilibrium Mapping in Natural Populations (2001)

A new strategy for studying the genome structure and organization of natural populations is proposed on the basis of a combined analysis of linkage and linkage disequilibrium using known polymorphic markers. This strategy exploits a random sample drawn from a panmictic natural population and the open-pollinated progeny of the sample. It is established on the principle of gene transmission from the parental to progeny generation during which the linkage between different markers is broken down due to meiotic recombination. The strategy has power to simultaneously capture the information about the linkage of the markers (as measured by recombination fraction) and the degree of their linkage disequilibrium created at a historic time. Simulation studies indicate that the statistical method implemented by the Fisher-scoring algorithm can provide accurate and precise estimates for the allele frequencies, recombination fractions, and linkage disequilibria between different markers. The strategy has great implications for constructing a dense linkage disequilibrium map that can facilitate the identification and positional cloning of the genes underlying both simple and complex traits.
Experimental measurement of the effect of termination on surface electromagnetic waves in one-dimensional photonic bandgap arrays (1999)

Two different attenuated total-internal reflection prism configurations are used to explore the excitation of surface electromagnetic waves on one-dimensional (1-D) photonic bandgap (PBG) arrays. The effect of surface termination of the photonic crystal is shown to have a significant effect on the dispersion of the surface modes excited at that interface. The results show that it is possible to engineer the position of the surface mode within the forbidden bandgap. Modes that are located close to the center of the bandgap are shown to be more localized, leading to significantly higher surface electromagnetic fields than modes located near the band edge. The existence of surface modes can have an effect on many of the proposed applications for PBG materials. The modes are also of interest in their own right for use in applications such as sensors and modulators.
A top-down microsystems design methodology and associated challenges (2003)

An overview of microsystems technology is presented along with a discussion of the recent trends and challenges associated with its development. A typical bottom-up design methodology is described and we propose, in contrast, an efficient and effective top-down methodology. We illustrate its implementation with the development of a microsystem design that has been completed and fabricated in CMOS technology. Gaps in the tool capabilities are identified and suggestions for future directions in CAD tool support for microsystems technology are presented.
Profiling DNA damage-induced phosphorylation in budding yeast reveals diverse signaling networks (2016)

The DNA damage response (DDR) is regulated by a protein kinase signaling cascade that orchestrates DNA repair and other processes. Identifying the substrate effectors of these kinases is critical for understanding the underlying physiology and mechanism of the response. We have used quantitative mass spectrometry to profile DDR-dependent phosphorylation in budding yeast and genetically explored the dependency of these phosphorylation events on the DDR kinases MEC1, RAD53, CHK1, and DUN1. Based on these screens, a database containing many novel DDR-regulated phosphorylation events has been established. Phosphorylation of many of these proteins has been validated by quantitative peptide phospho-immunoprecipitation and examined for functional relevance to the DDR through large-scale analysis of sensitivity to DNA damage in yeast deletion strains. We reveal a link between DDR signaling and the metabolic pathways of inositol phosphate and phosphatidyl inositol synthesis, which are required for resistance to DNA damage. We also uncover links between the DDR and TOR signaling as well as translation regulation. Taken together, these data shed new light on the organization of DDR signaling in budding yeast.
On the mapping functions of domains extended by sector reflections (1987)

A plane domain G w , symmetric with respect to the origin O, is extended by “sector reflections” to a symmetric domain Ğ w . A “mapping function” [Wbreve](z) of Ğ w (mapping the unit disk G z onto Ğ w ) is constructed in an elementary way in terms of a mapping function w(z) of G w using essentially the reflection principle. In the case of polygonal domains considered here, the results can be interpreted as relations between Schwarz-Christoffel integrals. This method applies to most domains considered in [2]. where only the ratio of conformal radii Ro(Ğ w )/R o (G w ) was determined. The study of the mapping functions themselves was suggested by Max Schiffer.