gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Locomotion on Slippery Ground (2019)

Dynamic locomotion on unstructured and uneven terrain is a challenging task in legged robotics. Especially when it comes to slippery ground conditions, common state estimation and control algorithms suffer from the usual no-slip assumption. In fact, there has been only little research on this subject. This paper addresses the problem of slipping by treating slip detection and recovery tasks separately. Our contribution to the former is a probabilistic slip estimator based on aHidden Markov Model. In the second part of this paper, we propose impedance control and friction modulation as useful tools to recover stability during traction loss. We demonstrate the success of our estimation/control architecture by enabling ANYmal, a quadrupedal torque-controllable robot, to dynamically walk over slippery terrain.
Ionic Signalling by Growth Factor Receptors (1986)

The proliferation of cells in vivo and in culture is regulated by polypeptide growth factors, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Growth factors initiate their action by binding to specific cell surface receptors. Receptor occupancy triggers a cascade of physiological changes in the target cell which ultimately lead to DNA synthesis and cell division. Immediate consequences of receptor activation include tyrosine-specific protein phosphorylations, a sustained increase in cytoplasmic pH (pHi) and a transient rise in free Ca2+. The rise in pHi has a permissive effect on DNA synthesis and is mediated by an otherwise quiescent Na+/H+ exchange mechanism in the plasma membrane, which is turned on by protein kinase C, the cellular receptor for phorbol esters. The rapid Ca2+ signal is due to either release from internal stores (PDGF) or net entry via a voltage-independent channel in the plasma membrane (EGF). Phorbol esters, acting via kinase C, inhibit the growth factor-induced Ca2+ signals without affecting resting Ca2+ levels. Monoclonal antibodies against the human EGF receptor can act as partial agonists in that they activate the tyrosine-specific protein kinase without inducing any of the ionic signals. These antibodies fail to induce DNA synthesis when added to quiescent fibroblasts, indicating that the Ca2+ and pHi signals can be dissociated from tyrosine kinase activity and suggesting that these signals are indispensable for the stimulation of cell proliferation.
The effect of spray-dried porcine plasma on growth performance in the early-weaned pig (1994)

A total of 904 weanling pigs were used to investigate the effects of 1) spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP), 2) blends of SDPP and spray-dried blood meal (SDBM), and 3) added dietary methionine in a SDPP-based diet on starter pig performance. In Exp. 1, 534 weanling pigs (initially 6.4 kg and 21 +/- 2 d of age) were used to determine the effects of either 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10% SDPP and lactose as a replacement for dried skim milk in the Phase I diet (d 0 to 14 postweaning). All pigs were fed the same diet from d 14 to 28 postweaning. Average daily gain from d 0 to 14 increased (linear, P < .01) with increasing SDPP. From d 14 to 28, ADG decreased (linear, P < .03) as level of SDPP fed during Phase I increased. However, for d 0 to 28, ADG was increased (linear, P < .01) with increasing SDPP in the Phase I diet. Feed intake increased with increasing SDPP from d 0 to 14 and d 0 to 28 (quadratic, P < .04 and P < .08, respectively); however, gain/feed (G/F) was not affected. In Exp 2, 298 weanling pigs (initially 5.5 kg and 19 +/- 2 d of age) were used to determine the effects of replacing SDPP with SDBM in the Phase I diet. Pigs were fed either a diet containing 10% SDPP or diets with SDBM replacing 25, 50, 75, or 100% of the lysine provided by the SDPP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Role of neuropeptides in inflammatory bowel disease (2007)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing condition involving complex interactions between genes and the environment. The mechanisms triggering the initial attack and relapses, however, are not well understood. In the past several years the enteric nervous system (ENS) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of IBD. Both the ENS and the central nervous system (CNS) can amplify or modulate aspects of intestinal inflammation through secretion of neuropeptides that serve as a link between the ENS and CNS. Neuropeptides are defined as any peptide released from the nervous system that serves as an intercellular signaling molecule. Neuropeptides thought to play a potentially key role in IBD include substance P, corticotropin-releasing hormone, neurotensin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, mu-opioid receptor agonists, and galanin. This review focuses on the role of these neuropeptides in the pathophysiology of IBD and discusses the cell types and mechanisms involved in this process. The available evidence that neuropeptide blockade may be considered a therapeutic approach in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis will also be discussed.
Anti-arrhythmic activities of six indole derivatives of changrolin. (1991)

The indole-derived compounds, which possessed side chains resembling those of changrolin (4-[3',5'-bis[(N-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-4'-hydroxyaniline]-quinazoline) showed potent anti-arrhythmic activity by restoration of sinus rhythm from ouabain-induced tachycardia in guinea pigs. The potency was assessed by comparison of the maintenance time of sinus rhythm recovered from tachyarrhythmias induced by ouabain. The promising compound was MI2 with piperidyl residue on position 3 & 5 of phenol moiety. There was no difference in anti-arrhythmic activities resulting from substitutions between a benzene ring and methyl residue at position 2 of indole, but the latter had weaker parasympatholytic activity. The anti-arrhythmic activity of MI2 (greater than 60 min) was 2.4 times more potent then changrolin (25 min), but its anti-cholinergic activity was only half of the latter. To compare the suppressive effect on reperfusion-induced arrhythmias by iv MI2 at different time in relation to the ligation-reperfusion protocol, it was the most effective when administered either 30 min prior to coronary occlusion or at the moment of reperfusion. The compound MI might belong to the Ic group shown by the slowing impulse conduction within the heart.
Catalytic Oxidative Carbonylation of Primary and Secondary Diamines to Cyclic Ureas. Optimization and Substituent Studies (2002)

W(CO)(6)-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of 1,3-propanediamine to the corresponding urea has been examined under a variety of conditions. Following optimization, the Thorpe-Ingold effect on ring closure was studied using 2,2-dialkyl-1,3-propanediamines. For the 2,2-dimethyl- and 2,2-dibutyl-1,3-propanediamines, the yields were increased significantly as compared to that of the unsubstituted case. The eight-membered cyclic urea 5-butyl-5-ethyl-1,3-diazepan-2-one (5f) was formed in 38% yield, while only trace amounts of the cyclic urea were produced from the parent 1,5-pentanediamine. In a study of secondary diamines, yields from the carbonylation of N,N'-dialkyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamines were lower than those obtained from the primary diamines. The main byproducts from secondary diamines were tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives formed from a competitive reaction of the substrate with the oxidant and base.
SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR IMAGE FORMATON PROCESS: APPLICATION TO A REGION OF NORTH ALGERIA (2007)

Synthetic aperture radar imaging provides high resolution images of large areas. The intensities of pixels in a SAR image are based on the spatial orientation, roughness, and dielectric constant of the surface imaged. SAR is an active sensor, transmitting its own energy, and then measuring the return scattered by the earth’s surface back to the satellite’s antenna. SAR processing is the transformation of raw SAR signal data into a spatial image. In this communication, we present a contribution concerning implementation of a SAR image formation with the IDL language. This process is performed in a frequency domain correlation of the received signal including range compression, range migration, and azimuth compression. The output is the final step in which the data is transposed back into its original format and written to an output file. The data used are raw SAR image of scene of north Algeria of size 5616*28000 pixels of the 16 of February 1996. Evaluation of the method studied here is made on a Region of Reghaia lake ( near of Algiers city) of 2048*5616 pixels. 1.
Single-Cell Culture in Microwells (2012)

In order to better understand cellular processes and behavior, a controlled way of studying high numbers of single cells and their clone formation is greatly needed. This chapter describes a microwell plate with 672 wells in a standard array/slide format, applied for single-cell culture and analysis. Single cells can be seeded into each well of the plate (1) manually or (2) automatically using a sorting flow cytometer, followed by week-long culture and detection of cell growth, protein expression, etc. The glass/silicon plate is compatible with most standard instrumentation to facilitate easy handling and enable use of the plate for single-cell analysis in most laboratory settings.
Quantitative analysis of CD4+ T cell function in the course of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Gradual decline of both naive and memory alloreactive T cells. (1994)

Early in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are qualitatively affected. Loss of responses to recall antigen precedes impaired responses to allogeneic MHC and mitogens. The selective quantitative loss of memory T cells in early infection, only partially explains the observed defects. We investigated whether functional loss of T cells is preferentially observed for memory T cells or whether both naive and memory T cell subsets are affected in the course of HIV infection. We studied the proliferative response of CD4+ T cells from HIV-infected individuals to alloantigens, to which normally both naive and memory T cells respond, by limiting dilution analysis. The decreased proliferative response to alloantigens in HIV-infected individuals was associated with a decreased precursor frequency of alloreactive cells. The frequency was decreased in both the CD45RA+ (naive) and the CD45RO+ (memory) subset of CD4+ T cells. Analysis of four individuals in the course of HIV infection revealed similar kinetics of the decline in function in both subsets. Although initially T cell defects may be accounted for by the selective quantitative loss of memory cells, in later stages of HIV infection the function of both CD45RA+ and CD45RO+ cells is affected.
A partitioning programming environment for a novel parallel architecture (2002)

The paper presents a partitioning and parallelizing programming environment for a novel parallel architecture. This universal embedded accelerator is based on a reconfigurable datapath hardware. The partitioning and parallelizing programming environment accepts C programs and carries out both a profiling-driven host/accelerator partitioning for performance optimization in a first step, and in a second step a resource-driven sequential/structural partitioning of the accelerator source code to optimize the utilization of its reconfigurable resources.
Human Interaction in Multi-User Virtual Reality (2007)

In this paper we will present an immersive multi-\nuser environment for studying joint action and so-\ncial interaction. Besides the technical challenges\nof immersing multiple persons into a single virtual\nenvironment, additional research questions arise:\nWhich parameters are coordinated during a joint\naction transportation task? In what way does the\nvisual absence of the interaction partner affect the\ncoordination task? What role does haptic feed-\nback play in a transportation task? To answer\nthese questions and to test the new experimental\nenvironment we instructed pairs of subjects to per-\nform a classical joint action transportation task:\ncarrying a stretcher through an obstacle course.\nWith this behavioral experiment we demonstrated\nthat joint action behavior (resulting from the co-\nordination task) is a stable process. Even though\nvisual and haptic information about the interac-\ntion partner were reduced, humans quickly com-\npensated for the lack of information. After a short\ntime they did not perform significantly differently\nfrom normal joint action behavior.
Hormone concentrations, mammary development and milk yield in goats given long-term bromocriptine treatment in pregnancy (1985)

Ten British Saanen goats were treated daily with 5 mg bromocriptine intramuscularly from week 8 of pregnancy until week 20 (day 140). By comparison with untreated control goats (n = 8), concentrations of prolactin in plasma were suppressed throughout the treatment period and remained significantly lower until 3 days prepartum, parturition occurring on day 153 +/- 0.7 (mean +/- S.E.M., n = 10). Growth hormone concentrations were low, but the incidence of levels exceeding 1 microgram/l was increased in bromocriptine-treated goats. Plasma concentrations of placental lactogen, progesterone and oestrone sulphate were unaffected. The accumulation of pre-colostrum in the udder (lactogenesis stage I) was not affected by bromocriptine treatment in goats carrying twin fetuses, but in goats with single kids it was delayed by about 4-6 weeks to week 17 of pregnancy. Secretion could not be expressed from the udder and the concentration of alpha-lactalbumin in plasma remained low. Udder volume was significantly reduced in week 15-16 but not week 20-21 of pregnancy by bromocriptine treatment. Milk yields after 50 or 203 days of lactation were not significantly different from those in control goats. Placental lactogen concentrations in late pregnancy and udder volume in week 20-21 were the only variables measured which correlated with milk yield post partum. It is concluded that in vivo placental lactogen is an effective mammotrophic hormone, although less potent than prolactin as evidenced by the delay in lactogenesis stage I in bromocriptine-treated goats bearing single kids.
Biological and computational annotation of the Drosophila Genome Sequence (2002)

The nucleotide sequence of the Drosophila melanogaster genome is now available and efforts are ongoing to improve its accuracy and annotation. The value of these sequence data will be enormously enhanced if we can provide for each gene information on: (1) the structure and expression pattern of its transcripts; (2) the mechanisms and logic used to control their expression; and (3) the functions of their protein products. My presentation will be directed toward the challenges of obtaining and interpreting such information for the fruit fly. Gene sequence and expression pattern databases will be extremely powerful tools. However, the function of a protein in a multicellular organism depends on context and will almost certainly need to be determined by experimental analysis. Collection of the required large datasets will be difficult and neither the intellectual framework nor experimental tools for analyzing complex gene networks are currently in place. Nevertheless, there is reason for cautious optimism that the complete genomic sequence of organisms will enable the necessary global approaches to study gene function and regulation. The conservation of gene structure and function during evolution will allow for the linking and sharing of information garnered in different experimental systems. But what data should be collected and how to interpret these data are much less clear. I will describe recent attempts by the Berkeley Drosophila Genome project to address some of these issues.
Genetic engineering for improving quality and productivity of crops (2013)

The importance of optimal nutrition for human health and development is well recognised. Adverse environmental conditions, such as drought, flooding, extreme heat and so on, affect crop yields more than pests and diseases. Thus, a major goal of plant scientists is to find ways to maintain high productivity under stress as well as developing crops with enhanced nutritional value. Genetically-modified (GM) crops can prove to be powerful complements to those produced by conventional methods for meeting the worldwide demand for quality foods. Crops developed by genetic engineering can not only be used to enhance yields and nutritional quality but also for increased tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Although there have been some expressions of concern about biosafety and health hazards associated with GM crops, there is no reason to hesitate in consuming genetically-engineered food crops that have been thoughtfully developed and carefully tested. Integration of modern biotechnology, with conventional agricultural practices in a sustainable manner, can fulfil the goal of attaining food security for present as well as future generations.
Composition of pH-Responsive Glasses (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComposition of pH-Responsive GlassesG. A. PerleyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1949, 21, 3, 391–394Publication Date (Print):March 15, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 March 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60027a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60027a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Field Emission of Electron Anions Clathrated in Subnanometer‐Sized Cages in [Ca<sub>24</sub>Al<sub>28</sub>O<sub>64</sub>]<sup>4+</sup>(4e<sup>–</sup>) (2004)

[Ca 24 Al 28 O 64 ] 4+ (4e – ) is a new inorganic electride, which is air‐stable even at ∼ 300 °C. Its electron field‐emission properties originate from electron anions encaged in subnanometer‐sized cages embedded in its crystal structure, and the emission current is controlled by Fowler–Nordheim field emission at high electric fields (see Figure). Field‐emission display devices demonstrate bright light emission clearly visible under ambient light (inset).
Smart Thin Hydrogel Coatings Harnessing Hydrophobicity and Topography to Capture and Release Cancer Cells (2016)

Smart thin hydrogel coatings are fabricated to capture and release targeted cancer cells by simultaneously tuning surface hydrophobicity and topography. At physiological temperature, the targeted cancer cells are captured on the hydrophobic and wrinkled coating surface. At room temperature, the captured cells are released from the hydrophilic and smooth coating surface.
FDSOI Technology: A Power Efficient Solution Down to 10nm (2013)

This paper reports the technological details and the performance of the planar Fully Depleted SOI technology. Thanks to its intrinsic structure (SOI substrates, undoped channel, ultra-thin body and box thicknesses), FDSOI devices offer significant advantages over Bulk devices: better electrostatic control, better matching performance, improved drivability and better power efficiency. After the demonstration of a complete 28nm platform, scaling down to 14 and 10nm is highlighted in this paper.
Optimal active power dispatching of microgrid and distribution network based on model predictive control (2018)

First, a three-tier coordinated scheduling system consisting of a distribution network dispatch layer, a microgrid centralized control layer, and local control layer in the energy internet is proposed. The multi-time scale optimal scheduling of the microgrid based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) is then studied, and the optimized genetic algorithm and the microgrid multi-time rolling optimization strategy are used to optimize the datahead scheduling phase and the intra-day optimization phase. Next, based on the three-tier coordinated scheduling architecture, the operation loss model of the distribution network is solved using the improved branch current forward-generation method and the genetic algorithm. The optimal scheduling of the distribution network layer is then completed. Finally, the simulation examples are used to compare and verify the validity of the method.
Association of immunoproteasomes with the endoplasmic reticulum (2000)

Proteasomes are complex multisubunit proteases which play a critical role in intracellular proteolysis. Immunoproteasomes, which contain three gamma-interferon-inducible subunits, are a subset of proteasomes which have a specialized function in antigen processing for presentation by the MHC class I pathway. Two of the gamma-interferon inducible subunits, LMP2 and LMP7, are encoded within the MHC class II region adjacent to the two TAP (transporter associated with antigen presentation) genes. We have investigated the localization of immunoproteasomes using monoclonal antibodies to LMP2 and LMP7. Immunoproteasomes were strongly enriched around the endoplasmic reticulum as judged by double-immunofluorescence experiments with anti-calreticulin antibodies, but were also present in the nucleus and throughout the cytosol. In contrast, proteasome subunit C2, which is present in all proteasomes, was found to be evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm and in the nucleus, as was the delta subunit, which is replaced by LMP2 in immunoproteasomes. gamma-Interferon increased the level of immunoproteasomes, but had no effect on their distribution. Our results provide the first direct evidence that immunoproteasomes are strongly enriched at the endoplasmic reticulum, where they may be located close to the TAP transporter to provide efficient transport of peptides into the lumen of the endoplasmic recticulum for association with MHC class I molecules.