gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Europium beta-diketonate temperature sensors: Effects of ligands, matrix, and concentration (2003)

Europium beta diketonates are easily synthesized highly luminescent complexes with high temperature sensitivity. We report on the temperature dependence of the luminescence of recently synthesized europium complexes originally prepared for use as light emitting diodes. It has been discovered that when incorporated in a polymer matrix, their decay lifetime can provide accurate measurement of temperature. Their lifetime as a function of temperature depends on three factors: (i) the type and number of ligands in the complex, (ii) the particular polymer used for the matrix, and (iii) the europium chelate to polymer matrix concentration ratio. Various tris and tetrakis europium chelates are used to study ligand effects, while the polymers FIB, polycarbonate, and Teflon© are used to analyze matrix effects. In all cases studied, higher concentrations give rise to shorter lifetimes and higher temperature sensitivities, with sensitivity defined as ΔI/(IrefΔT). We propose to explain this phenomenon by using the following equation: 1/τobs≡Ktotal=kr+knr(T)+kc([Eu]). Here Ktotal is the observed decay rate, which is the inverse of the observed lifetime, while kr and knr(T) are the radiative and nonradiative decay rates, respectively. As well as being dependent on temperature, knr(T) for these complexes is very dependent on the environment, i.e., solvent or polymer, and can be considered as ken(T). The rate kc([Eu]) is the quenching term dependent on the concentration of the europium complex.
DIFFUSION FLAME STUDIES OF SOLID FUELS WITH NITROUS OXIDE (2020)

Counterflow diffusion flame experiments were conducted to investigate hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) solid fuel combustion under varied pressure environments from 0.1 to 2.2 MPa using nitrous oxide (N2O) as the oxidizer. A numerical model was developed to analyze the flame structure and predict regression rates. Results show solid fuel regression rates to increase with pressure for a fixed oxidizer momentum flux. The flame structure thins due to faster kinetics and shifts toward the regressing fuel surface with increasing pressure. The diffusion flame is positioned on the oxidizer side of the stagnation plane, which also shifted toward the fuel surface with increasing pressure. Flame temperature increases with pressure as well, due to decreasing radical formation, increasing the surface temperature gradient, resulting in enhancement of solid fuel pyrolysis. Heat release from N2O decomposition and pyrolyzed fuel oxidation occurs in two distinct stages at atmospheric pressure, while at elevated pressure (1.83 MPa) the exothermic peak associated with oxidation is distributed over a spatial domain thinner than at 0.1 MPa, but contains many small regions of isolated exothermicities. The flame structure with N2O exhibits a similar structure as O2-HTPB diffusion flames in the spatial regions where N2O was not present because of decomposition. Leakage of O2 and NO into the fuel pyrolysis zone also decreases with increasing pressure. Predicted regression rates with N2O are approximately 34% lower than those with O2 . A comparison of counterflow fuel regression rates with subscale hybrid motor fuel regression rates are in good agreement when the rates are extrapolated based on oxidizer mass flux.
Growth of epitaxial LaAlO{sub 3} and CeO{sub 2} films using sol-gel precursors (1996)

LaAlO{sub 3} and CeO{sub 2} films have been successfully grown using sol-gel precursors. LaAlO{sub 3} precursor solution has been prepared from a metal alkoxide route and spun-cast on a SrTiO{sub 3} (100) single crystal to yield an epitaxial film following pyrolysis at 800{degrees}C in a rapid thermal annealer. A CeO{sub 2} precursor solution has been made using both an aqueous and an alkoxide route.
Differential Susceptibility of Retroviruses to Nucleoside Analogues (2001)

Retroviruses may cause diseases in their vertebrate hosts. They are distinguished by their common means of replication involving reverse transcription, a process inhibited by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and other compounds used in antiretroviral chemotherapy. Previous work on NRTIs has been limited to their effect on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (for review see Ho & Hitchcock, 1989; Weller, 1999) and little information exists regarding the efficacy and therapeutic potential of these drugs against other retroviruses. We have tested all six NRTIs licensed for HIV treatment [didanosine (ddI), zalcitabine (ddC), lamivudine (3TC), stavudine (d4T), zidovudine (AZT) and abacavir (ABC)] against seven retroviruses representative of the traditional subfamilies: Spumavirinae, Lentivirinae and the Oncovirinae. As expected, each drug showed a range of activities against the panel of retroviruses, some drugs inhibiting other viruses at concentrations well below those required for HIV. Overall, AZT was the most active inhibitor (IC50 range, 0.032-1.0 microM), being most active against the Spuma (foamy) viruses. Abacavir was inhibitory for HIV-1, MN strain (HIV-1 MN), amphotrophic murine leukemia virus (MLV-A) and simian foamy virus type 6 (SFV-6). The least effective inhibitor, 3TC (IC50 range, 0.32->100 microM), was most potent against simian retrovirus types 1 and 2 (SRV-1, SRV-2) and HIV-1, but did not inhibit foamy viruses and MLV-A. Additionally, there were differences in the concentration of drug required to inhibit closely related viruses. Taken together, these data suggest that NRTIs have a wide spectrum of antiretroviral activity and the activity of compounds, even against closely related retroviruses, cannot be predicted.
Additions to the Last Millennium Reanalysis Multi-Proxy Database (2019)

Progress in paleoclimatology increasingly occurs via data syntheses. We describe additions to a collection prepared for use in paleoclimate state estimation, specifically the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR). The 2290 additional series include 2152 tree ring chronologies and 138 other series. They supplement the collection used previously and together form a database titled LMRdb 1.0.0. The additional data draws from lake core, ice core, coral, speleothem, and tree ring archives, using published data primarily from the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive and a set of tree ring width chronologies standardized from raw International Tree Ring Data Bank ring width series. In contrast to many previous paleo compilations, the data were not selected (screened) on the basis of their environmental correlation, multi-century length, or other attributes. The inclusion of proxies sensitive to moisture and other environmental variables expands their use in data assimilation. A preliminary calibration using linear regression with mean annual temperature reveals characteristics of the proxy series and their relationship to temperature, as well as the noise and error characteristics of the records. The additional records are structured as individual files in the NOAA Paleoclimatology format and archived at NOAA Paleoclimatology (Anderson et al. 2018) and will continue to be improved and expanded as part of the LMR Project. The additions represent a four-fold increase in the number of records available for assimilation, provide expanded geographic coverage, and add additional proxy variables. Applications include data assimilation, proxy system model development, and paleoclimate reconstruction using climate field reconstruction and other methods.
Sinusoidal Frequency Modulation Sparse Recovery for Precession Rate Estimation Using Low-Frequency Long-Range Radar (2015)

Low-frequency long-range radars (LFLRRs) are assumed to lack the ability of extracting targets micro motion signature, due to their low and nonuniform track update rate, as well as the weak micro Doppler (m-D) owing to their large wave length. The recently proposed sinusoidal frequency modulated (SFM) Fourier transform can achieve a longer integral period gain, and consequently provides a new perspective for extracting weak m-D signature. However, its direct application is unavailable for LFLRRs, since their track update rate is very low and may not even be constant. This paper derives a new approach, named sinusoidal frequency modulation sparse recovery (SFMSR) for m-D analysis with LFLRR, by exploiting the micro motion spectrum sparsity in SFM signal space. SFMSR employs the Fourier modulation dictionary, which is determined only by the frequency in SFM signal space. Unlike other sparse representation-based methods whose dictionary is discretization of a 3-D space parameterized by the micro motion amplitude, frequency, and initial phase, the SFMSR reduces the m-D analysis to 1-D parameter optimization, and therefore can enhance the precision, stability, and computational efficiency simultaneously. The temporally correlated sparse Bayesian learning in SFM signal space is employed to decompose the signal and produce highly sparse solutions. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods in accuracy and robustness, which can provide satisfactory performance even when the carrier frequency is 430 MHz and the average data rate is 0.5 Hz.
Discovery of a Novel Series of Biphenyl Benzoic Acid Derivatives as Highly Potent and Selective Human β3 Adrenergic Receptor Agonists with Good Oral Bioavailability. Part II (2008)

A novel class of biphenyl analogues containing a benzoic acid moiety based on lead compound 8i have been identified as potent and selective human beta 3 adrenergic receptor (beta 3-AR) agonists with good oral bioavailability and long plasma half-life. After further substituent effects were investigated at the terminal phenyl ring of lead compound 8i, we have discovered that more lipophilic substitution at the R position improved potency and selectivity. As a result of these studies, 10a and 10e were identified as the leading candidates with the best balance of potency, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic profiles. In addition, compounds 10a and 10e were evaluated to be efficacious for a carbachol-induced increase of intravesical pressure, such as an overactive bladder model in anesthetized dogs. This represents the first demonstrated result dealing with beta 3-AR agonists.
Hierarchical to relational database migration (1994)

Although database migration has not yet been extensively researched, three predominant software solutions have evolved: language interfaces, source-code conversion, and data propagation. The authors consider how Swiss Bank and IBM designed and developed the IBM Data Propagator MVS/ESA, which supports interactive and batch data propagation. This software migrates data from the hierarchical IMS to the relational DB2, without affecting existing applications. It supports forward and reverse data propagation, which lets heterogeneous databases coexist. At Swiss Bank, the Data Propagator MVS/ESA handles the main customer and account databases at all five computer centers in Switzerland.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Massachusetts Medical Society (1960)

FREDERIC HAGLER, M.D.Frederic Hagler died on May 13, 1960, of an acute coronary mishap. Despite a similar seizure several years ago, he had carried on a general surgical practice with zeal, and at only a slightly slower pace, until his retirement in 1957. He was a thoughtful surgeon, conservative but open-minded withal, ever taking time to study and evaluate new ways and methods of the times before adopting them. Trusted and respected alike by his patients and his confreres, he won rightful place among the acknowledged leaders of the profession in his community. He was soft-spoken but steadfast, and . . .
Thinking about the weather: How display salience and knowledge affect performance in a graphic inference task. (2010)

Three experiments examined how bottom-up and top-down processes interact when people view and make inferences from complex visual displays (weather maps). Bottom-up effects of display design were investigated by manipulating the relative visual salience of task-relevant and task-irrelevant information across different maps. Top-down effects of domain knowledge were investigated by examining performance and eye fixations before and after participants learned relevant meteorological principles. Map design and knowledge interacted such that salience had no effect on performance before participants learned the meteorological principles; however, after learning, participants were more accurate if they viewed maps that made task-relevant information more visually salient. Effects of display design on task performance were somewhat dissociated from effects of display design on eye fixations. The results support a model in which eye fixations are directed primarily by top-down factors (task and domain knowledge). They suggest that good display design facilitates performance not just by guiding where viewers look in a complex display but also by facilitating processing of the visual features that represent task-relevant information at a given display location. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved).
Metabolite considerations in the in vivo quantification of serotonin transporters using 11C-DASB and PET in humans. (2006)

Measurement and fitting of early metabolism time points improves curve fitting, significantly affects volume-of-distribution determination, and improves test-retest reproducibility. Saturation of lung 5-HT transporters by sertraline prevents the initial trapping of (11)C-DASB. Initial trapping of high-affinity radioligands may be important in the quantification of the binding of other ligands with a high concentration of binding sites in the lungs.
Efficient and flexible algorithm for plant layout generation (1999)

A facilities layout, also called plant layout, consists of the production areas, production related or support areas and personnel areas within the building. Plant layout design is one of the strategic fields that determine the long run efficiency of operation.;This dissertation proposes an efficient and flexible plant layout algorithm to minimize the material handling cost and deal with change in future. A material flow forecasting tool, a scheduling module related to layout design and an evaluation method of flexible layouts are also proposed by this dissertation. A computer-based system will be developed to integrate all of the functions.;The first chapter of this paper introduces the issues in plant layout design. Because the volume and the mix of products to be produced are typically not known with certainty nor are they static over time, it is desirable to design a flexible layout to accommodate these changes. Chapter two gives a brief review of various algorithms and programs of layout design. Chapter three provides insight into the approach taken for the proposed flexible layout design. Then it presents all major algorithms involved in forecasting, pair exchange layout design, flexible layout design and evaluation. Chapter four is concerned with the computer-based system analysis and design. Chapter five uses several case studies to validate the algorithms and computer system. Chapter six explains the contributions of this research. Chapter seven gives the conclusions and future work.
A Novel Lipoarabinomannan from the Equine PathogenRhodococcus equi (2002)

Rhodococcus equi is a major cause of foal morbidity and mortality. We have investigated the presence of lipoglycan in this organism as closely related bacteria, notably Mycobacterium tuberculosis, produce lipoarabinomannans (LAM) that may play multiple roles as virulence determinants. The lipoglycan was structurally characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry following permethylation, capillary electrophoresis after chemical degradation, and (1)H and (31)P and two-dimensional heteronuclear nuclear magnetic resonance studies. Key structural features of the lipoglycan are a linear alpha-1,6-mannan with side chains containing one 2-linked alpha-d-Manp residue. This polysaccharidic backbone is linked to a phosphatidylinositol mannosyl anchor. In contrast to mycobacterial LAM, there are no extensive arabinan domains but single terminal alpha-d-Araf residue capping the 2-linked alpha-d-Manp. The lipoglycan binds concanavalin A and mannose-binding protein consistent with the presence of t-alpha-d-Manp residues. We studied the ability of the lipoglycans to induce cytokines from equine macrophages, in comparison to whole cells of R. equi. These data revealed patterns of cytokine mRNA induction that suggest that the lipoglycan is involved in much of the early macrophage cytokine response to R. equi infection. These studies identify a novel LAM variant that may contribute to the pathogenesis of disease caused by R. equi.
531. Hydrated calcium silicates. Part II. Hydrothermal reactions : lime : silica ratio 1 : 1 (1951)

L. Heller and H. F. W. Taylor, J. Chem. Soc., 1951, 2397 DOI: 10.1039/JR9510002397
Synergistic Effect Of Water Soluble Chitin And Iodide Ion On The Corrosion Inhibition Of Mild Steel in Acid Medium (2016)

The inhibition performance of water soluble chitin (WSC) and its synergistic inhibition with potassium iodide (KI) in 1 M HCl was studied using gravimetric and electrochemical measurements. From gravimetric measurement it is inferred that there is an increase in inhibition efficiency with the increased addition of inhibitor and it further stepped up to a higher value in the presence of 0.1 % KI. Polarization studies revealed that there is mixed mode of inhibition by WSC. Impedance study suggested the adsorption of the inhibitor at the interface between mild steel and acidic solution. The adsorption of inhibitor followed Frumkin isotherm. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) confirmed the co- adsorption of KI with WSC on the mild steel surface. Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and X- ray Diffraction (XRD) indicated the formation of protective film by the inhibitor on the surface of mild steel.
Trust Region Methods for the Estimation of a Complex Exponential Decay Model in MRI With a Single-Shot or Multi-Shot Trajectory (2015)

Joint estimation of spin density R2* decay and OFF-resonance frequency maps is very useful in many magnetic resonance imaging applications. The standard multi-echo approach can achieve high accuracy but requires a long acquisition time for sampling multiple k-space frames. There are many approaches to accelerate the acquisition. Among them, single-shot or multi-shot trajectory-based sampling has recently drawn attention due to its fast data acquisition. However, this sampling strategy destroys the Fourier relationship between k-space and images, leading to a great challenge for the reconstruction. In this paper, we present two trust region methods based on two different linearization strategies for the nonlinear signal model. A trust region is defined as a local area in the variable space where a local linear approximation is trustable. In each iteration, the method minimizes a local approximation within a trust region so that the step size can be kept in a suitable scale. A continuation scheme is applied to reduce the regularization gradually over the parameter maps and facilitates convergence from poor initializations. The two trust region methods are compared with the two other previously proposed methods--the nonlinear conjugate gradients and the gradual refinement algorithm. Experiments based on various synthetic data and real phantom data show that the two trust region methods have a clear advantage in both speed and stability.
Current Research in Rural Sociology and Communications (1969)

APTIIORPE, RAYMOND J. (Sociology, Mlkercre University College, Uganda) is currently doing research on land settlement schemes and rural systems, especially the informal settlement of disputes and the part played by administrative or welfare committees in this process. (Uganda) ARMER, J. MICHAEL (Sociology, University of Oregon) gave a paper entitled Psychological Impact of Education in Northern Nigeria, at the annual meeting of the African Studies Association, New York, November 1967. (Nigeria) ASCROFT, JOSEPH (Communication, Mlichigan State University) is investigating modernization among Kenya villagers with particular attention to motivational factors involved in the adoption of new ideas and practices. (Kenya) AXINN, GEORGE (Agricultural, Michigan State University) is studying communication habits of farmers and their families among the Nsukka Ibo. (Nigeria)
TRIM11 binds to and destabilizes a key component of the activator‐mediated cofactor complex (ARC105) through the ubiquitin–proteasome system (2006)

TRIM11 is a member of the tripartite-motif-containing protein family and is known to destabilize humanin, an inhibitor of Alzheimer-like neuronal insults. In this study, we demonstrate that TRIM11 interacts with activator-recruited cofactor 105-kDa component (ARC105) that mediates chromatin-directed transcription activation and is a key regulatory factor for transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) signaling. Co-expression of TRIM11 increased ARC105 degradation but a proteasome inhibitor suppressed this. Co-expression of TRIM11 and ARC105 also increased ubiquitination of ARC105. In addition, TRIM11 suppressed ARC105-mediated transcriptional activation induced with TGFbeta in a reporter assay. These results suggest that TRIM11, with the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, regulates ARC105 function in TGFbeta signaling.
Effect of the human body on microstrip antennas (2002)

The purpose of the paper is to study the effect of the human body on different configurations of microstrip antennas and the parameters that may control this effect. Unfortunately, there is no accurate model to simulate the human body especially at high frequencies. Therefore, all results in the research are experimental. To measure the effect of the human body on the performance of any microstrip antenna in the anechoic chamber, the author stands on the turn table behind the ground plane of the antenna and puts his hands as close as possible to the antenna in front of its radiation side without touching it. In these measurements only rectangular microstrip antenna configurations were considered. This is because most portable equipment boxes have a rectangular shape and a built-in antenna may follow the inner shape of the box.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Interactive Relighting of Virtual Objects under Environment Lighting (2015)

Current relighting applications often constrain one or several factors of the rendering equation to keep the rendering speed real-time. For example, visibility is often precalculated and animations are not allowed, changes in lighting are limited to simple rotation or the lighting is not very detailed. Other techniques compromise on quality and often coarsely tabulate BRDF functions. In order to solve these problems, some techniques have\nstarted to use spherical radial basis functions. However, solving the triple product integral does not guarantee interactivity. In order to dynamically change lighting conditions or alter scene geometry and materials, these three factors need to be converted to the SRBF representation in a fast manner. This paper presents a method to perform the SRBF data construction and rendering in real-time. To support dynamic high-frequency lighting, a multiscale residual transformation algorithm is applied. Area lights are detected through a peak detection algorithm. By using voxel cone tracing and a subsampling scheme, animated geometry casts soft shadows dynamically. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method with a real-time application. Users can shine\nwith multiple light sources onto a camera and the animated virtual scene is relit accordingly.