gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulation of human prorenin gene expression by antisense oligonucleotides in transfected CHO cells (1993)

Four phosphorothioate oligonucleotides whose sequences are complementary to the 5' untranslated region, the initiation codon or the coding region of human prorenin mRNA, were studied for their capacity to inhibit gene expression in stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells constitutively producing human prorenin. In contrast to oligomers complementary to the initiation codon and the coding region, antisense oligomers directed towards the 5' untranslated region have no inhibitory effects. The intracellular delivery of a biotinylated phosphorothioate oligonucleotide (biotin-CATCCATGCTTCCCTC) was monitored in immunofluorescence studies. In the absence of a cationic liposome preparation, Lipofectin, the oligomer failed to penetrate the cells. In the presence of Lipofectin, the 35S-labelled oligomer entered the cells and was distributed in proportions of 54% to the nuclei and 35% to the cytosol. The effects of regular oligonucleotides and of 3'-end and/or 5'-end-modified phosphodiester oligonucleotides on prorenin production were tested. Terminal modification by biotinylation at the 5'-end and/or 3'-dodecyl esterification stabilized oligonucleotides towards exonucleases, but did not translate into a significant inhibition of prorenin production and did not improve the intracellular delivery and or stability of the oligomers. We have shown that it is possible to inhibit prorenin production intracellularly using specific antisense oligonucleotides. Stability and delivery are crucial factors in the design of potent and specific compounds directed at prorenin mRNA.
State-Local Relations: A Partnership Approach (1984)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Region of Interest Extraction Method Using Wavelets (2009)

In this work, the Full-Wavelet Region of Interest Extraction Method (FWREM) is explained, where a ROI (Region of Interest) in a image can be accessed with a unique representation space, avoiding additional processing over the Image Space, in order to preserve the quality of desired details. In this case, a Region of Interest can be displayed, with the same perceived-distortion features, but with features calculated from the representation space itself. This method is compared with theoretical ROI access method in order to validate it, making a comparison of the points that the Method has detected, by using a distortion metric over the calculated positions. The choice for wavelet representation is extended not only for the feature extraction of ROI but also for the metric space, in which the rate-distortion optimization plays a role. This translation of the rate-distortion curve on the Wavelet representation prevents the additional processing of coding the whole source image in the source representation space, by using the Second Order Model of Information measure (SOM) in order to calculate the goal entropy for the given distortion measure set. This SOM is widely used, because it considers high correlation features of image between neighbor elements. This method provides a support for the processing of images that are coded in another representation spaces like DCT, reducing the amount of computational load for mandatory new implementations, like edge extraction or texture classification.
Platelets can be a biological compartment for the Hepatitis C Virus (2015)

Although HCV has hepatic tropism, the presence of the virus in extra-hepatic compartments has been well documented. Platelets have been described as carriers of the virus in the circulation and may be a natural reservoir for the virus. However, few studies have been performed to evaluate the levels of HCV RNA in plasma and platelets are equal or differ in some way. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform a comparative evaluation of the stability of HCV RNA in plasma and isolated platelets. Four aliquots of whole plasma obtained from patients infected with HCV were incubated at 37 °C for 0, 48, 96 and 144 h. After incubation, the plasma and platelet pellet was obtained from each aliquot. Viral RNA in plasma and platelets was quantified by q-PCR. The results showed a decrease in HCV RNA levels in plasma with incubation time. However, platelet HCV RNA levels were stable up to 144 h incubation. The results of this study showed that HCV RNA in platelets, although at lower concentrations than in plasma, is preserved from degradation over time, suggesting that the virus may persist longer in the body when associated with platelets, which could have an impact on the efficiency of antiviral therapy.
Molecular Diagnosis of Infantile Mitochondrial Disease with Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing (2012)

Advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) promise to facilitate diagnosis of inherited disorders. Although in research settings NGS has pinpointed causal alleles using segregation in large families, the key challenge for clinical diagnosis is application to single individuals. To explore its diagnostic use, we performed targeted NGS in 42 unrelated infants with clinical and biochemical evidence of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disease. These devastating mitochondrial disorders are characterized by phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity, with more than 100 causal genes identified to date. We performed "MitoExome" sequencing of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and exons of ~1000 nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins and prioritized rare mutations predicted to disrupt function. Because patients and healthy control individuals harbored a comparable number of such heterozygous alleles, we could not prioritize dominant-acting genes. However, patients showed a fivefold enrichment of genes with two such mutations that could underlie recessive disease. In total, 23 of 42 (55%) patients harbored such recessive genes or pathogenic mtDNA variants. Firm diagnoses were enabled in 10 patients (24%) who had mutations in genes previously linked to disease. Thirteen patients (31%) had mutations in nuclear genes not previously linked to disease. The pathogenicity of two such genes, NDUFB3 and AGK, was supported by complementation studies and evidence from multiple patients, respectively. The results underscore the potential and challenges of deploying NGS in clinical settings.
Case*Method: Entity Relationship Modelling (1990)

From the Publisher:
powerful technique of entity relationship modelling from this definitive guide. In a lucid instructional style, Richard Barker shows how the data modelling technique can be applied to develop high-quality, integrated information systems. Special features of the book include:

a wealth of realistic examples illustrating the technique in practice detailed appendices highlighting the key topics including data normalization, CASE tool support, data administration and database design a definitive glossary of all important terms.

It is designed to be equally valuable as a training aid and as a 'hot- line' reference when problems require urgent resolution.
Activated RET/PTC oncogene elicits immediate early and delayed response genes in PC12 cells. (1995)

The expression of the receptor-like tyrosine kinase RET is associated with tumors, tissues or cell lines of neural crest origin. In addition RET products (Ret) are involved in determining cell fate during the differentiation of the enteric nervous system and during renal organogenesis. However, as yet, no direct evidence exists to indicate that the Ret kinase activity might interfere in a specific way with cellular differentiation, or proliferation, of a neural crest derived cell line. By using two constitutively activated forms of RET (RET/PTC1 and RET/PTC3) in transient transfection experiments, we have obtained evidence that active RET could reprogramme the gene expression pattern in the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line. Transcription driven by gene promoters, such as NGFI-A and vgf, which belong, respectively, to primary and delayed response genes to nerve growth factor (NGF), and by the neuron-specific enolase (NSE) promoter, is rapidly induced by the expression of activated RET oncogenes. This induction is not elicited in other non neural derived cell types tested. We also demonstrate that endogenous ras activity is required for RET induction of these neural markers. Finally, in the RET/PTC transfected PC12 cells, NGF is unable to induce further their transcription. This suggests that RET/PTC could share an intracellular signalling pathway with the NGF-receptor.
Trust assurance levels of cybercars in v2x communication (2013)

In the last decade, the automotive industry, governments and researchers have invested a lot of effort setting up the basis for vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure (V2X) communication with the aim of improving road safety and traffic efficiency.
Radial tilt detection using three-beam optical head (2000)

A new radial tilt detection method for rewritable optical disks using a 3-beam optical head has been developed. It features high-sensitivity characteristics and is suitable for high-frequency servo operation. Experimental results have demonstrated the validity of this method.
Electrical and reliability characteristics of ZrO2 deposited directly on Si for gate dielectric application (2000)

ZrO 2 thin film has been studied as an alternative gate dielectric. It was deposited directly on a Si substrate by reactive sputtering. An equivalent oxide thickness of less than 11 Å with a leakage current of 1.9×10−3 A/cm2 at −1.5 V relative to the flat band voltage has been obtained. Well-behaved capacitance–voltage characteristics with an interface state density of less than 1011 cm−2 eV−1 and no significant frequency dispersion have been achieved. Excellent reliability properties (e.g., low charge trapping rate, good time-dependent dielectric breakdown, low stress-induced leakage current, and high dielectric breakdown) have also been obtained.
Case Study Research (1999)

Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 26(2):p 55, March 1999. | DOI: 1071-5754/99/$8.00 + 0
<b>Neutrophil superoxide release and interleukin 8 in acute myocardial infarction: distinction between complicated and uncomplicated states</b> (1997)

Superoxide release in neutrophils and sera levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) were determined in 15 patients with complicated acute myocardial infarction (MI) and 15 patients with uncomplicated MI. All patients showed increased superoxide release in unstimulated and stimulated neutrophils compared with healthy control subjects, indicating priming of these cells. Superoxide release of unstimulated or stimulated neutrophils was found to be significantly higher in patients with complicated MI than in patients with uncomplicated MI. Thrombolytic therapy did not affect the rates of superoxide release. The neutrophil chemoattractant/activator IL-8 was detected in the sera of all patients, with significantly higher levels in those with complicated MI. The highest levels of IL-8 were detected at admission to the Coronary Care Unit and significantly decreased thereafter, suggesting its contribution to neutrophil-mediated tissue injury. The high levels of IL-8 may be one of the major contributors to the priming of neutrophils in these patients.
ADAPTIVE SIMULATED ANNEALING (ASA) (1993)

Adaptive Simulated Annealing (ASA) is a C-language code developed to statistically find the best global fit of a nonlinear constrained non-convex cost-function over a D-dimensional space. This algorithm permits an annealing schedule for “temperature ” T decreasing exponentially in annealing-time k, T = T 0 exp(−ck 1/D). The introduction of re-annealing also permits adaptation to changing sensitivities in the multi-dimensional parameter-space. This annealing schedule is faster than fast Cauchy annealing, where T = T 0/k, and much faster than Boltzmann annealing, where T = T 0/ln k. ASA has over 100 OPTIONS to provide robust tuning over many classes of nonlinear stochastic systems. *Adaptive Simulated Annealing (ASA)
4G Wireless Networks: Opportunities and Challenges (2009)

With the major wireless service providers planning to start deployment of 4G wireless networks by mid 2010, research and industry communities are racing against time to find solutions for some of the prominent still open issues in 4G networks. The growing interest in 4G networks is driven by the set of new services will be made available for the first time such as accessing the Internet anytime from anywhere, global roaming, and wider support for multimedia applications. In this paper describe some of the key opportunities will be made available by 4G networks, present key challenges and point to some proposed solutions.
TFCP2 Is Required for YAP-Dependent Transcription to Stimulate Liver Malignancy (2017)

Although YAP-dependent transcription is closely associated with liver tumorigenesis, the mechanism by which YAP maintains its function is poorly understood. Here, we show that TFCP2 is required for YAP-dependent transcription and liver malignancy. Mechanistically, YAP function is stimulated by TFCP2 via a WW-PSY interaction. TFCP2 also maintains YAP stability by inhibiting βTrCP. Notably, genomic co-occupancy of YAP and TFCP2 is revealed. TFCP2 acts as a transcription co-factor that stimulates YAP transcription by facilitating YAP binding with YAP binding motif (YBF)-containing transcription factors. Interestingly, TFCP2 also stimulated the YAP-TEAD interaction and TEAD target gene expression. Finally, several genes co-regulated by YAP and TFCP2 that contribute to YAP-dependent tumorigenesis are identified and verified. Thus, we establish a model showing that TFCP2 acts as a YAP co-factor to maintain YAP-dependent transcription in liver cancer cells, suggesting that simultaneous targeting of both YAP and TFCP2 may be an effective therapeutic approach.
Functional analyses reveal an important role for tyrosine residues in the staphylococcal multidrug efflux protein QacA (2008)

A tyrosine or phenylalanine residue at amino acid positions corresponding to 63 of QacA in related drug efflux proteins is found to be highly conserved. Therefore, an aromatic side chain at this position is likely to partake in a function common to these drug transporters, such as proton translocation or essential intramolecular contacts, whereas aromatic residues at the non-conserved 410 and 429 positions are expected to mediate a QacA-specific function, possibly forming or stabilising part of the QacA drug binding region.
Category-based search using metadatabase in image retrieval (2003)

We present a self-adjustable metadatabase aimed at improving the performance of the relevance feedback module extensively used in content-based image retrieval systems. Our metadatabase provides a mechanism for accumulating the optimized relevance feedback records (which are called metadata records) obtained from previous queries. Each metadata record in the metadatabase includes optimal query, feature weights, and identifiers of relevant and/or irrelevant images, and can be effectively used to guide future queries. With the metadatabase, the relevance feedback module admits a noticeable improvement on its performance for category-based search, especially when the relevant images form multiple classes in the feature space. Experiments on a Corel image set (with 31,438 images) show that our method has at least a 15% improvement on average precision and recall over relevance-feedback-only approaches.
Rates of Hydrothermal Reactions (1983)

The rates of reactions of silicates and aqueous fluids follow zero-order kinetics controlled by the reacting surface area with the rate constant given by the equation: log k[unknown] -2900/T -6.85, where T is temperature and where k has the unit's gram-atoms of oxygen per square centimeter per second. This expression appears to hold for all silicates and for reactions involving dissolution, fluid production, or solid-solid transformations in the presence of a fluid of moderate to high pH.
Carbon-supported Co1.67Te2 nanoparticles as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline electrolyte (2009)

Well-dispersed Co1.67Te2 nanoparticles supported on carbon black have been synthesized via a solid-state reaction using Co and Te precursors in an autoclave at elevated temperatures. Their oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and selectivity as a function of heating temperatures in catalyst synthesis were evaluated by rotating disk (RDE) and ring-disk electrodes (RRDE). It was found that the best performing catalyst (CoTe/C-900) was synthesized at a temperature of 900 °C, with regard to the most positive RDE onset (−0.18 V vs Ag/AgCl) and half-wave potentials (−0.35 V vs Ag/AgCl) as well as the lowest peroxide yield (ca. 5%) in alkaline solution (0.1 M KOH, pH = 13). Meanwhile, well-defined limiting currents were reached in the mass transfer-controlled potential range at various rotating speeds, attesting to the high density and uniform distribution of ORR active sites on the catalyst. The average electron transfer number of ORR was determined to be 3.5 for the CoTe/C-900 catalyst by using a modified Koutecky–Levich equation, nearly providing a four-electron pathway for the ORR. A transition of the Tafel slope from ca. −60 mV/dec to ca. −120 mV/dec with overpotential is directly associated with oxide formation and their coverage variation onto catalysts, suggesting a change of the rate-determining step in the ORR mechanism from intermediate-migration to charge-transfer. Extensive physical characterizations including X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were conducted for each CoTe/C sample prepared at various heating temperatures to provide insights into the origins of active sites, and Co1.67Te2 chalcogenide nanoparticles supported on carbon were found to be highly active toward ORR in alkaline electrolytes.
Log-periodic transducers for acoustic surface waves (1972)

Nonuniform interdigital transducers, i.e. those in which the periodicity and aperture may vary, can be used to obtain a response not available from uniform transducers. Here, the log-periodic type, which is designed to give a large bandwidth, is investigated, and a bandwidth of 39% is achieved experimentally. Using certain assumptions, a simplified theory for nonuniform transducers is developed. The theory gives results in good agreement with the experiments. It is shown that it is necessary to profile the transducer if the passband ripple is to be minimised.
Iterative Bit Flip Type-II Hybrid-ARQ Scheme for Wireless Networks (2011)

Hybrid-ARQ is used as a mechanism for error control and recovery in some of the most widely used wireless network protocols e. g., IEEE 802.16. HARQ employs forward error correction and requests retransmissions under adverse channel conditions. Many improvements over the standard HARQ have been proposed. Various studies have shown that the retransmissions themselves create a bottleneck in the throughput of the communication protocol. There is a need to lower the number of retransmissions under heavy noise so that the channel can be effectively utilized. There are some well known variants of the standard HARQ e.g., the so called Type-I and Type-II HARQs. In this paper, an enhancement over the standard Type-II HARQ scheme is proposed, whereby the number of retransmissions is reduced by recovering the erroneous packets at the receiver without the need for retransmissions. The proposed enhancement reduces the retransmissions, compared to the standard Type-II HARQ, at the same SNR. In case of a decoding failure, the received data packet is not discarded, rather processed further in an iterative manner using the side information available from the Turbo Decoder in the form of L-Values. The improvement in the bit and the packet error rates as well as the increase in the rate of successful packet transmission is visible from the simulation results presented in this paper.
p -type behavior from Sb-doped ZnO heterojunction photodiodes (2006)

Antimony (Sb) doping was used to realize p-type ZnO films on n-Si (100) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. These samples were fabricated into p-n heterojunction diodes. p-type behavior of Sb-doped ZnO was studied by carrying out I-V and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. I-V curves showed rectifying behavior similar to a p-type Schottky diode with a turn-on voltage around 2.4V, which is consistent with the Schottky barrier of about 2.2V obtained from C-V characterization. Good photoresponse in the UV region was obtained, which further proved that Sb doping could be used to fabricate p-type ZnO for photodetector and other optoelectronic applications.
Stability of rf-sputtered aluminum oxide (1977)

The chemical and thermal-mechanical stability of sputtered aluminum oxide films are examined. Sputtered alumina is quite soluble in bases and phosphate-containing solutions. Carbon dioxide was detected in the films by infrared spectroscopy and by mass spectroscopy during thermal gravimetric analysis; the presence of CO2 is likely due to adsorption on the sputtered film. Heating and cooling of sputtered alumina results in an irreversible expansion of the film. The anomalous expansion is cumulative with additional higher temperature heating, similar to a thermal ratchet effect, until a temperature of 850°C is reached. At temperatures above 850°C rapid argon evolution from the sputtered film occurs and is accompanied by film contraction.
Experimental study on additives inhibiting ammonia escape in carbon capture process using ammonia method (2013)

Carbon capture using ammonia solution is facing a big problem due to the ammonia escape. Ammonia escape mechanism in carbon capture process using ammonia solution was discussed and experimental researches aimed for controlling ammonia escape in ammonia decarburization process were carried out. The impacts of ammonia concentration and temperature on ammonia slip in CO2 absorption process using a bubbling reactor were studied; the influences of three additives including ethylene glycol, glycerin and isoamyl alcohol on the inhibitions of ammonia escape were investigated too. The study showed that three additives have good inhibitory effects on ammonia escape, the maximum reduction proportions for ammonia escape are 44.44%, 65.90% and 54.84% within half an hour when additives of 1% were added, respectively; and the cumulative amount of volatile has been reduced by 35.86%, 46.38% and 42.87%, respectively. Three additives have little influence on decarburizing efficiency. Considering the inhibitory effect and economic factors, glycerin as the inhibiting additive for ammonia escape is the optimum choice.