gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent Developments in Seismic Isolation Systems for Masonry Infill and Brick Veneer Walls (2003)

Recent developments related to approaches and mechanisms for seismic isolation of masonry infill walls and brick veneer walls from structural frames are mentioned. A system called Seismic Infill Wall Isolator Subframe (SIWIS) is discussed. SIWIS is a seismic isolation system for masonry infill walls that would work like a fuse. It maintains a tight fit and allows desirable participation of the infill wall in lateral load resistance under wind and low seismic activities. However, it would isolate the infill wall from the frame under moderate to strong (damaging) earthquakes. A recently developed multi-hazard resistant brick veneer wall concept is also introduced. A Panelized Brick Veneer with Steel Stud wall system (PBVSS) has also been developed to accommodate seismic induced in-plane lateral movement of the building through bearing and lateral connections or through a rocking mechanism. Besides resistance to wind and seismic load effects, the PBVSS can also be designed to enhance impact resistance performance. The conceptual designs of SIWIS and PBVSS systems are discussed in this paper.
Charge Transfer Through Molecules with Multiple Pathways: Quantum Interference and Dephasing (2010)

Quantum interference effects occurring in molecules through which a charge can travel via multiple pathways can be the basis for new unconventional design principles in molecular scale electronics. However, these quantum interference effects can be reduced by interaction between the charge and molecular vibrations. In this work dephasing (decoherence) effects have been studied using a model that combines a (classical) molecular mechanics description of molecular vibrations with a quantum mechanical propagation of the charge. It is found that despite the clear effect of dephasing on the charge propagation, interference effects are largely retained at room temperature if vibrations are accounted for. Additionally, it is shown that taking electronic interactions between non-nearest neighbor atoms into account also diminishes interference effects but not sufficiently to destroy them completely. It is concluded that interference effects are strong enough to use them in a functional manner in molecular electronics. This opens up new ways to design molecular electronic components that exploit quantum interference.
10 bit, 25 MBz, 15 mW CMOS pipelined subranging ADC (2002)

A new scheme to implement the pipelined subranging ADC is presented in this paper. Source follower structured subtractors and latch structured comparators enable the ADC to operate at 25 MHz sampling rate with very low power dissipation. Higher sampling rate is achievable with the trade-off of power consumption. The maximum resolution is 10 bits. The circuits can also be used in 3-V powered systems. The die area is less than 0.36 mm/sup 2/ in 0.8 /spl mu/m process.
Serum and Serum Albumin Inhibit in vitro Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) (2019)

The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is an immune defense mechanism of neutrophilic granulocytes. Moreover, it is also involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune, inflammatory, and neoplastic diseases. For that reason, the process of NET formation (NETosis) is subject of intense ongoing research. In vitro approaches to quantify NET formation are commonly used and involve neutrophil stimulation with various activators such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), or calcium ionophores (CaI). However, the experimental conditions of these experiments, particularly the media and media supplements employed by different research groups, vary considerably, rendering comparisons of results difficult. Here, we present the first standardized investigation of the influence of different media supplements on NET formation in vitro. The addition of heat-inactivated (hi) fetal calf serum (FCS), 0.5% human serum albumin (HSA), or 0.5% bovine serum albumin (BSA) efficiently prevented NET formation of human neutrophils following stimulation with LPS and CaI, but not after stimulation with PMA. Thus, serum components such as HSA, BSA and hiFCS (at concentrations typically found in the literature) inhibit NET formation to different degrees, depending on the NETosis inducer used. In contrast, in murine neutrophils, NETosis was inhibited by FCS and BSA, regardless of the inducer employed. This shows that mouse and human neutrophils have different susceptibilities toward the inhibition of NETosis by albumin or serum components. Furthermore, we provide experimental evidence that albumin inhibits NETosis by scavenging activators such as LPS. We also put our results into the context of media supplements most commonly used in NET research. In experiments with human neutrophils, either FCS (0.5-10%), heat-inactivated (hiFCS, 0.1-10%) or human serum albumin (HSA, 0.05-2%) was commonly added to the medium. For murine neutrophils, serum-free medium was used in most cases for stimulation with LPS and CaI, reflecting the different sensitivities of human and murine neutrophils to media supplements. Thus, the choice of media supplements greatly determines the outcome of experiments on NET-formation, which must be taken into account in NETosis research.
The Physical Layer of Low Power Wide Area Networks: Strategies, Information Theory's Limit and Existing Solutions (2018)

International audience
QOS-based call admission control for integrated voice and data in CDMA systems (2002)

We propose and analyze a quality-based admission control policy for the integration of voice and data in a CDMA system. The data users are assigned a higher transmission power level over voice users to achieve a lower bit error rate. The admission policy determines the acceptance of a call request based on its specified QoS and the network resources. The system ensures that an accepted call can enjoy its specified QoS without degrading the quality of existing calls. A Markov model is developed to analyze the blocking probability and outage probability. The Erlang capacity of the system can be evaluated.
Microfluidic Biopsy Trapping Device for the Real-Time Monitoring of Tumor Microenvironment (2017)

The tumor microenvironment is composed of cellular and stromal components such as tumor cells, mesenchymal cells, immune cells, cancer associated fibroblasts and the supporting extracellular matrix. The tumor microenvironment provides crucial support for growth and progression of tumor cells and affects tumor response to therapeutic interventions. To better understand tumor biology and to develop effective cancer therapeutic agents it is important to develop preclinical platforms that can faithfully recapitulate the tumor microenvironment and the complex interaction between the tumor and its surrounding stromal elements. Drug studies performed in vitro with conventional two-dimensional cancer cell line models do not optimally represent clinical drug response as they lack true tumor heterogeneity and are often performed in static culture conditions lacking stromal tumor components that significantly influence the metabolic activity and proliferation of cells. Recent microfluidic approaches aim to overcome such obstacles with the use of cell lines derived in artificial three-dimensional supportive gels or micro-chambers. However, absence of a true tumor microenvironment and full interstitial flow, leads to less than optimal evaluation of tumor response to drug treatment. Here we report a continuous perfusion microfluidic device coupled with microscopy and image analysis for the assessment of drug effects on intact fresh tumor tissue. We have demonstrated that fine needle aspirate biopsies obtained from patient-derived xenograft models of adenocarcinoma of the lung can successfully be analyzed for their response to ex vivo drug treatment within this biopsy trapping microfluidic device, wherein a protein kinase C inhibitor, staurosporine, was used to assess tumor cell death as a proof of principle. This approach has the potential to study tumor tissue within its intact microenvironment to better understand tumor response to drug treatments and eventually to choose the most effective drug and drug combination for individual patients in a cost effective and timely manner.
Optimal guaranteed cost control and filtering for uncertain linear systems (1994)

The paper presents results on the design of robust state feedback controllers and steady-state robust state estimators for a class of uncertain linear systems with norm bounded uncertainty. The state feedback results extend the linear quadratic regulator to the case in which the underlying system is dependent on uncertain parameters. The state estimation results extend the steady-state Kalman filter to the case in which the underlying system is also uncertain.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of (Y, Gd) (P, V)O4:Eu3+, Bi3+Red Nano-phosphors with Enhanced Photoluminescence by Bi3+, Gd3+ Doping (2013)

Abstract A series of (Y 1− y , Gd y ) 0.95− x (P y , V 1− y )O 4 :0.05Eu 3+ , x Bi 3+ phosphors have been successfully prepared by a subsection method. The crystal structure, surface morphology and luminescence properties were investigated. It was found that the sintered samples crystallized in a tetragonal crystal system with space group I 41 / amd ( a = b = 0.7119 nm, c = 0.6290 nm). The products presented rod-like morphology with length of 100–150 nm and width of 50–100 nm. A maximum peak at 619 nm ( 5 D 0 → 7 F 2 ) was observed in emission spectrum of the phosphors. It was also found that co-doping of Bi 3+ , P 5+ and Gd 3+ ions into YVO 4 :Eu 3+ can not only made the right edge of the excitation band shift to the long-wavelength region, but also increased the emission intensity at 619 nm sharply and decreased the lifetime of fluorescence decay. These results may expand the application scope of the phosphors.
The mannose receptor mediates induction of IFN-alpha in peripheral blood dendritic cells by enveloped RNA and DNA viruses. (1998)

Peripheral blood dendritic cells (DC) produce IFN-alpha in response to challenge by many enveloped viruses including herpes simplex virus (HSV) and HIV, whereas Sendai virus predominantly stimulates IFN-alpha production by monocytes. Glycosylated viral envelope proteins are known to be important for the induction of IFN-alpha. In this study we demonstrate that stimulation of IFN-alpha synthesis by HSV is inhibited by a number of monosaccharides, including fucose, N-acetylglucosamine, and N-acetylgalactosamine as well as the yeast polysaccharide mannan, supporting a role for lectin(s) in the IFN-alpha stimulation pathway. Furthermore, antiserum to the mannose receptor (MR) also inhibited HSV, vesicular stomatitis virus, and HIV-induced IFN-alpha production, but failed to inhibit the IFN-alpha induced by Sendai virus. We further demonstrated that freshly isolated blood DC and IFN-alpha-producing cells responding to HSV stimulation express the MR. This study therefore implicates the MR as an important receptor for the nonspecific recognition of enveloped viruses by DC and the subsequent stimulation of IFN-alpha production by these viruses. Thus, the MR probably serves as a critical link between innate and adaptive immunity to viruses, especially given the role of the MR in Ag capture by DC and the importance of IFN-alpha in shaping immunity.
Crystal Structure of the RIM2 C<sub>2</sub>A-Domain at 1.4 Å Resolution<sup>,</sup> (2005)

RIMs are large proteins that contain two C2-domains and are localized at presynaptic active zones, where neurotransmitters are released. RIMs play key roles in synaptic vesicle priming and regulation of presynaptic plasticity. A mutation in the RIM1 C2A-domain has been implicated in autosomal dominant cone-rod dystrophy (CORD7). The RIM C2A-domain does not contain the full complement of aspartate residues that commonly mediate Ca2+ binding at the top loops of C2-domains, and has been reported to interact with SNAP-25 and synaptotagmin 1, two proteins from the Ca2+-dependent membrane fusion machinery. Here we have used NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography to analyze the structure and biochemical properties of the RIM2 C2A-domain, which is closely related to the RIM1 C2A-domain. We find that the RIM2 C2A-domain does not bind Ca2+. Moreover, little binding of the RIM2 C2A-domain to SNAP-25 and to the C2-domains of synaptotagmin 1 was detected by NMR experiments, suggesting that as yet unidentified interactions of the RIM C2A-domain mediate its function. The crystal structure of the RIM2 C2A-domain using data to 1.4 A resolution reveals a beta-sandwich that resembles those observed for other C2-domains, but exhibits a unique dipolar distribution of electrostatic charges whereby one edge of the beta-sandwich is highly positive and the other edge is highly negative. The location of the mutation site implicated in CORD7 at the bottom of the domain and the pattern of sequence conservation suggest that, in contrast to most C2-domains, the RIM C2A-domains may function through Ca2+-independent interactions involving their bottom face.
Recent progress on the quantum-dot avalanche photodiode (QDAP) (2009)

In this summery we report experimental results on the linear-mode operation of new QDAP structures. Two different detector structures, grown using solid source molecular beam epitaxy, were processed and characterized. In both structures, the n-i-n DWELL detector was grown on top of the p-i-n APD section in a single-step epitaxy. In the first structure, the multiplication region of the APD section consists of a 200-nm GaAs layer while the second device has a 200-nm AlGaAs-GaAs heterojunction multiplication region.
Effect of divalent cations in bacteriological media on the susceptibility of <i>Xanthonwnas maltophilia</i> to imipenem, with special reference to zinc ions (1993)

The susceptibility of Xanthomonas maltophilia strains to beta-lactams is known to vary according to the type of growth media used. We have assayed the divalent cation content of various susceptibility testing media and correlated this with the susceptibility to imipenem of 30 strains of X. maltophilia, by calculating the IC50. No correlation was found with Ca++ and Mg++ content (r = 0.005, P = 0.99), but a highly significant correlation with the Zn++ content (7.7-42.7 mumol/L) of the medium was found (r = 0.93, P = 0.003). The effect of Zn++ on the susceptibility of X. maltophilia to imipenem was further investigated by adding varying amounts of zinc sulphate to Oxoid Mueller-Hinton agar which has a low Zn++ content (14.2 mumol/L). A highly significant correlation between the Zn++ content and the IC50 was observed (r = 0.95, P = 0.001). Some variability was seen from one series of IC50 determinations to another and samples of ultra-pure water were processed in exactly the same fashion as the agar media and then assayed for cation content. No significant increase in Ca++ or Mg++ content of the water were observed but water autoclaved in universal containers with metal caps and rubber washers acquired up to 40 mumol/L of Zn++. Studies of the correlation between in-vitro sensitivity tests and the clinical performance of beta-lactams used against X. maltophilia will need to take account of the Zn++ content of the susceptibility testing media used.
Combined Covalent and Noncovalent Functionalization of Nanomagnetic Carbon Surfaces with Dendrimers and BODIPY Fluorescent Dye (2011)

A general method for the synthesis of multifunctional carbon nanomaterials following an unprecedented combined covalent and noncovalent immobilization strategy is reported. Highly magnetic (158 emu/g) carbon-coated cobalt nanoparticles (Co/C) served as scaffold for noncovalent functionalization of pyrene-tagged boradiazaindacene (BODIPY) fluorescent dye through π–π stacking interactions. Next to the reversibly immobilized pyrene-tagged dye, fully covalent functionalization of the magnetic core/shell nanoparticles was accomplished by grafting dendrimers via diazonium/“click”-chemistry. Alternatively, the nanoparticle surface could be covalently functionalized with BODIPY dye following same procedure. The Co/C nanomagnets labeled with fluorescent dye were further examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Because of the strong fluorescence and magnetic remanence, this material might be interesting for imaging applications and as a nanosized carrier for reversibly attached drugs.
Challenges in Groundwater Remediation with Iron Nanoparticles: Enabling Colloidal Stability (2009)

Zero-valent iron (ZVI)-based remediation is an attractive treatment option as iron is inexpensive, non-toxic and environmentally compatible. Nanoparticles are attractive for remediation of various contaminants because of their unique physiochemical properties (Zhang, 2003, 2005). Reactivity of the nanoparticle increases with an increase in surface area (Gotpagar et al., 1997; Li et al., 2003). In recent years, microparticles (mZVI), iron filings and ZVI nanoparticles (nZVI) have been used for the removal of various groundwater contaminants including chlorinated compounds (Matheson and Tratnyek, 1994; Boronina et al., 1995; Orth and Gillham, 1996; Roberts et al., 1996; Campbell et al., 1997; Liang et al., 1997; Tratnyek et al., 1997; He and Zhao, 2005; Tee and Bhattacharyya, 2005; Huang and Zhang, 2006; Liu and Lowry, 2006; Cheng et al., 2007), pesticides (Singh et al., 1998; Feitz et al., 2005; Joo and Zhao, 2008; Thompson, 2008), heavy metals (Boronina et al., 1995; Powell et al., 1995; Roberts et al., 1996; Blowes et al., 1997; Fiedor et al., 1998; Ponder et al., 2000; Alowitz and Scherer, 2002), nitrate (Huang et al., 2003; Huang and Zhang, 2005; Bezbaruah et al., 2008), and explosives (Gregory et al., 2004; Oh et al., 2005) in water. The typical mode of chlorinated contaminant degradation by ZVI is reductive dehalogenation (Matheson and Tratnyek, 1994), as shown below (Eq. 1).
Visualization in Meteorology—A Survey of Techniques and Tools for Data Analysis Tasks (2017)

This article surveys the history and current state of the art of visualization in meteorology, focusing on visualization techniques and tools used for meteorological data analysis. We examine characteristics of meteorological data and analysis tasks, describe the development of computer graphics methods for visualization in meteorology from the 1960s to today, and visit the state of the art of visualization techniques and tools in operational weather forecasting and atmospheric research. We approach the topic from both the visualization and the meteorological side, showing visualization techniques commonly used in meteorological practice, and surveying recent studies in visualization research aimed at meteorological applications. Our overview covers visualization techniques from the fields of display design, 3D visualization, flow dynamics, feature-based visualization, comparative visualization and data fusion, uncertainty and ensemble visualization, interactive visual analysis, efficient rendering, and scalability and reproducibility. We discuss demands and challenges for visualization research targeting meteorological data analysis, highlighting aspects in demonstration of benefit, interactive visual analysis, seamless visualization, ensemble visualization, 3D visualization, and technical issues.
Alkane activation and functionalization under mild conditions by a homogeneous manganese(III)porphyrin-iodosylbenzene oxidizing system (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkane activation and functionalization under mild conditions by a homogeneous manganese(III)porphyrin-iodosylbenzene oxidizing systemCraig L. Hill and Bruce C. SchardtCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 20, 6374–6375Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00540a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00540a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1113Altmetric-Citations159LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Remodeling of cardiac fiber structure after infarction in rats quantified with diffusion tensor MRI (2003)

Structural remodeling of myocardium after infarction plays a critical role in functional adaptation. Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTMRI) provides a means for rapid and nondestructive characterization of the three-dimensional fiber architecture of cardiac tissues. In this study, microscopic structural changes caused by MI were evaluated in Fischer 344 rats 4 wk after infarct surgery. DTMRI studies were performed on 15 excised, formalin-fixed rat hearts of both infarct (left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion, n = 8) and control (sham, n = 7) rats. Infarct myocardium exhibited increased water diffusivity (41% increase in trace values) and decreased diffusion anisotropy (37% decrease in relative anisotropy index). The reduced diffusion anisotropy correlated negatively with microscopic fiber disarray determined by histological analysis (R = 0.81). Transmural courses of fiber orientation angles in infarct zones were similar to those of normal myocardium. However, regional angular deviation of the diffusion tensor increased significantly in the infarct myocardium and correlated strongly with microscopic fiber disarray (R = 0.86). These results suggest that DTMRI may provide a valuable tool for defining structural remodeling in diseased myocardium at the cellular and tissue level.
Improved One-Step Procedure for the Preparation of 1-Substituted and 1,3-Disubstituted Uracils and 2-Thiouracils (1986)

A convenient one-pot procedure for the synthesis of 1-substituted and 1,3- disubstituted uracils and 2-thiouracils consists of acylation of ureas, or thioureas with methyl 3,3-dimethoxypropanoate in the presence of a strong base, and acidic work-up. The yields range from 36 to 99%. In all cases, only one regioisomer is isolated.