gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Finding objects in a 3D environment by combining distance measurement and color indexing (2002)

A new method is presented for the localization and recognition of three-dimensional objects using color information. In the first processing step, we estimate depth information by either applying a chromatic block matching method to color stereo images or acquiring a range image from a laser scanner. Second, the computed depth maps are segmented to distinguish between the image background and the objects that should be recognized. Assuming that the segmented regions represent single objects in the three-dimensional scene, feature vectors are generated based on color histograms. The Euclidean distance is used as well as the scalar product to measure the similarity between the feature vectors computed from the color image and the feature vectors stored in a database.
Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Hydroarylation Reactions of Alkynes Through Direct Functionalization of C–H Bonds: A Convenient Tool for Organic Synthesis (2009)

Abstract Direct functionalization of aromatic C–H bonds with alkynes provides an efficient synthetic protocol involving fewer reaction steps without need for prefunctionalization. This microreview presents an overview of the recently developed transition‐metal‐catalyzed hydroarylation reactions of alkynes. Special attention is paid to hydroarylation through alkyne activation processes and through arene activation processes.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
STRING: a database of predicted functional associations between proteins (2003)

Functional links between proteins can often be inferred from genomic associations between the genes that encode them: groups of genes that are required for the same function tend to show similar species coverage, are often located in close proximity on the genome (in prokaryotes), and tend to be involved in gene-fusion events. The database STRING is a precomputed global resource for the exploration and analysis of these associations. Since the three types of evidence differ conceptually, and the number of predicted interactions is very large, it is essential to be able to assess and compare the significance of individual predictions. Thus, STRING contains a unique scoring-framework based on benchmarks of the different types of associations against a common reference set, integrated in a single confidence score per prediction. The graphical representation of the network of inferred, weighted protein interactions provides a high-level view of functional linkage, facilitating the analysis of modularity in biological processes. STRING is updated continuously, and currently contains 261 033 orthologs in 89 fully sequenced genomes. The database predicts functional interactions at an expected level of accuracy of at least 80% for more than half of the genes; it is online at http://www.bork.embl-heidelberg.de/STRING/.
Perinatal Infections Due to Group B Streptococci (2004)

Group B streptococci (GBS) emerged dramatically in the 1970s as the leading cause of neonatal infection and as an important cause of maternal uterine infection. We review the epidemiology, diagnosis, and therapy of GBS perinatal infection. In 1996, the first national consensus guidelines were released. Since then, there has been a 70% reduction in early-onset neonatal GBS infection, but no decrease in late-onset neonatal GBS disease. In 2002, new national guidelines were released recommending 1) solely a screen-based prevention strategy, 2) a new algorithm for patients with penicillin allergy, and 3) more specific practices in certain clinical scenarios. Yet many clinical issues remain, including implementation of new diagnostic techniques, management of preterm rupture of membranes, use of alternative antibiotic approaches, improvement of compliance, prevention of low birth weight infants, emergence of resistant organisms, and vaccine development.
Molecular cytogenetics using fluorescence in situ hybridization (1990)

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with chromosome-specific probes enables several new areas of cytogenetic investigation by allowing visual determination of the presence and normality of specific genetic sequences in single metaphase or interphase cells. in this approach, termed molecular cytogenetics, the genetic loci to be analyzed are made microscopically visible in single cells using in situ hybridization with nucleic acid probes specific to these loci. To accomplish this, the DNA in the target cells is made single stranded by thermal denaturation and incubated with single-stranded, chemically modified probe under conditions where the probe will anneal only with DNA sequences to which it has high DNA sequence homology. The bound probe is then made visible by treatment with a fluorescent reagent such as fluorescein that binds to the chemical modification carried by the probe. The DNA to which the probe does not bind is made visible by staining with a dye such as propidium iodide that fluoresces at a wavelength different from that of the reagent used for probe visualization. We show in this report that probes are now available that make this technique useful for biological dosimetry, prenatal diagnosis and cancer biology. 31 refs., 3 figs.
Synthese von 2‐Thioaldosen über α,β‐ungesättigte Nitrokörper (1971)

Abstract Die basenkatalysierte Reaktion von Thiocarbonsäuren oder Benzylmercaptan mit dem aus D‐Arabinose leicht zugänglichen α,β‐ungesättigten Nitrokörper III verläuft kinetisch kontrolliert bevorzugt zu Verbindungen der Reihe V mit D‐ manno ‐Konfiguration. Am Beispiel des Benzylthioäthers Vb wurde ein präparativ gangbarer Weg zur Synthese von 2‐Thio‐D‐mannose (XIV) und 2‐Thio‐D‐glucose (XVIII) gewiesen.
Advancing Digisonde Technology: the DPS-4D (2008)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Bodo W. Reinisch, Ivan A. Galkin, Grigori M. Khmyrov, Alexander V. Kozlov, Igor A. Lisysyan, Klaus Bibl, George Cheney, David Kitrosser, Stephen Stelmash, Kevin Roche, Yan Luo, Vadym V. Paznukhov, Ryan Hamel; Advancing Digisonde Technology: the DPS-4D. AIP Conf. Proc. 4 February 2008; 974 (1): 127–143. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2885022 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Quantitative Immunohistochemical Analyses of the Expression of E‐Cadherin, Thrombomodulin, CD44H and CD44v6 in Primary Tumours of pharynx/larynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma and their Lymph Node Metastases (1999)

The quantitative expression of E-cadherin, thrombomodulin, CD44H and CD44v6 in 32 specimens of primary tumours of pharynx/larynx squamous cell carcinoma and their lymph node metastases was studied by immunohistochemistry. With the aim of obtaining comparative and objective data, image acquisition conditions were kept unaltered for all the measurements and the immunostaining intensity was quantified by applying an image processing system. On the one hand, correlations were only observed between CD44H and CD44v6, both in primary tumours and metastases, and between E-cadherin and TM in metastases. On the other hand, statistical analyses of paired data did not show significant differences in the expression of these markers between the two tumour sites. In agreement with previous reports, E-cadherin expression was rather low or negative in primary tumours and metastases of the three poorly differentiated specimens we studied, as well as that of TM, but otherwise some of these samples showed intermediate immunostaining levels of CD44H/CD44v6. It may be concluded from the present study that the quantitative expression of these adhesion molecules in well established lymph node metastases of pharynx/larynx squamous cell carcinoma is essentially unaltered in relation to their primary sites.
Three-Dimensional ISAR Imaging Using a Two-Dimensional Sparse Antenna Array (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Conventional antenna array 3-D inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging method does imaging by first carrying out ISAR imaging for all the different antennas and then using array direction of arrival (DOA) estimation on every scatterer to get the position of that scatterer. The aperture formed by the target's motion is used to separate the scatterers, and the antenna array aperture is used for position measurement. In this letter, a 3-D imaging method based on a combination of sparse array beamforming and ISAR imaging is proposed, where 3-D images are formed by space-time match filtering. The estimation of the target's rotation parameters is also given. Simulation results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed methods. </para>
Impairment of Phosphatidylinositol Metabolism in a Patient with a Bleeding Disorder Associated with Defects of Initial Platelet Responses (1988)

Phosphoinositide/polyphosphoinositide (PI/PPI) metabolism, measured by the increase of 3H-phosphatidic acid (PA) and the decrease of 3H-phosphatidylinositol (PI) in 3H-arachidonate-labeled platelet suspensions, was assessed in five patients whose platelet functional defects included impaired initial rates of ADP, epinephrine and U44069 aggregation in platelet-rich plasma (PRP). In one patient, 3H-PA formation induced by collagen and thrombin was reduced or absent on two of three occasions, and the decrease in 3H-PI was reduced on one of these two occasions in response to collagen and A23187, and on all 3 occasions in response to thrombin. The variations in the formation of 3H-PA in this patient on different occasions broadly paralleled the variations in the initial rates of ADP and U44069 aggregation and in epinephrine aggregation seen in PRP. No such abnormalities of PI metabolism were found in four other patients with similar, but not identical, functional defects. These results suggest an impairment affecting metabolism of PI/PPI via the PI/PPI cycle in this patient's platelets. The association of abnormalities of PI metabolism with defects of initial platelet responses provides further support for a physiological role of phosphoinositide metabolism in the early activation mechanism of platelets.
Efficient QoS support for secondary users in cognitive radio systems [Dynamic Spectrum Management] (2010)

The fundamental condition for the legal approval of dynamic spectrum access approaches is the protection of the primary user. However, for dynamic spectrum access to become an attractive service reality, it is crucial to also ensure some quality of service support for the secondary user communication. In this article we discuss sensing-based opportunistic spectrum access approaches, in which primary user protection is achieved by a properly organized sensing process and secondary user communication reconfiguration. While the required reliability of the sensing process can be expressed in terms of rarely enough overlooking the primary user, we assume that the proper QoS for the secondary user is given by maintaining - with a given confidence level - a minimum bandwidth availability for the secondary user in spite of primary user dynamics. In this article we present an overview of approaches that might be used to achieve these objectives. In addition, we point out that both the sensing process and the secondary link maintenance (necessary to keep the required bandwidth in spite of reconfiguration due to detected primary users) require significant spectrum overhead. We identify and elaborate a fundamental trade-off in using these overheads in either sensing or link maintenance, and present examples of its optimization.
Hadamard Multiplex Multichannel Spectroscopy to Achieve a Spectroscopic Power Distribution Advantage (1991)

A Hadamard approach employing an encoding mask at the entrance to a spectrograph and a multichannel detector is described. This approach provides an energy throughput advantage which should prove important for a variety of emission-mode measurements requiring collection of radiation from an extended source. The performance of the system is demonstrated for mercury lamp atomic emission and rhodamine B fluorescence measurements. Simulations are used to investigate mechanical requirements in the construction of the system.
Effect of silver diamine fluoride and potassium iodide on residual bacteria in dentinal tubules (2015)

The use of the silver diamine fluoride/potassium iodide product is effective in reducing the numbers of S. mutans in dentinal tubules infected with this organism.
Regulation of the ‘Spontaneous’ (Background) Immunoglobulin Synthesis (1981)

The number of mature cytoplasmic immunoglobulin containing cells (C-Ig cells) in various lymphoid organs of the mouse was studied as a function of antigenic load and the presence of T cells. Both antigen and T-cell deprivation decreased the number of C-Ig cells (plasma blasts and plasma cells). The absolute C-Ig cell numbers were minimal in germfree nude mice, intermediate in specific pathogen-free (SPF) nude mice and in germ-free thymus-bearing mice, and the largest in SPF thymus-bearing mice. The bone marrow was the organ where this picture was most strikingly examplified. In germfree C3H mice raised on a synthetic diet the bone marrow of 3 out of 4 mice tested did not show any C-Ig cell. None of them had C-Ig cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes. The Ig class distribution of the C-Ig cells and the incidence of C-Ig cells positive for more than one Ig heavy-chain isotype ("double producers') were also highly dependent upon the antigenic load and the presence of T cells. C-IgM cells were well represented in all groups of mice. Appreciable numbers of C-IgA cells were only found in SPF thymus-bearing mice. The absolute number, but not the relative number, of C-IgG cells followed the same pattern. The percentages of double producers in the various lymphoid organs were largest in germfree nude mice, intermediate in SPF nude mice and in germfree thymus-bearing mice, and minimal in SPF thymus-bearing mice. From these studies we conclude that the background synthesis of IgG and IgA in not intentionally immunized mice is virtually completely dependent on stimulation of the immune system by external antigens, in contrast to the production of IgM.
Polymerized liposomes as potential oral vaccine delivery vehicles (1996)

Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 1997.
Laboratory Identification of <i>Rothia dentocariosa</i> and Its Occurrence in Human Clinical Materials (1969)

Fifty isolates of Rothia dentocariosa from diverse clinical sources were characterized by 28 separate tests. An attempt was made to select practical tests that could be completed in a minimal length of time. Rothia is also compared with Actinomyces and Nocardia with which it is often confused. Of the isolates 100% were positive in the following reactions: catalase production, nitrate and nitrite reduction, esculin hydrolysis, and acid production from glucose, sucrose, maltose, salicin, and glycerol. The importance of recognizing this organism is based on the fact that it is frequently isolated from human clinical materials and must be differentiated from morphologically similar organisms of the genera Actinomyces and Nocardia, which contain pathogenic members.
Recruitment of vimentin to the cell surface by β3 integrin and plectin mediates adhesion strength (2009)

Much effort has been expended on analyzing how microfilament and microtubule cytoskeletons dictate the interaction of cells with matrix at adhesive sites called focal adhesions (FAs). However, vimentin intermediate filaments (IFs) also associate with the cell surface at FAs in endothelial cells. Here, we show that IF recruitment to FAs in endothelial cells requires beta3 integrin, plectin and the microtubule cytoskeleton, and is dependent on microtubule motors. In CHO cells, which lack beta3 integrin but contain vimentin, IFs appear to be collapsed around the nucleus, whereas in CHO cells expressing beta3 integrin (CHOwtbeta3), vimentin IFs extend to FAs at the cell periphery. This recruitment is regulated by tyrosine residues in the beta3 integrin cytoplasmic tail. Moreover, CHOwtbeta3 cells exhibit significantly greater adhesive strength than CHO or CHO cells expressing mutated beta3 integrin proteins. These differences require an intact vimentin network. Therefore, vimentin IF recruitment to the cell surface is tightly regulated and modulates the strength of adhesion of cells to their substrate.
SecCollab - Improving Confidentiality for Existing Cloud-Based Collaborative Editors (2017)

Collaborative technologies have gained popularity due to the widespread adoption of cloud computing and web applications. Services like Google Docs, Office 365 can make one's documents accessible from everywhere, allowing real-time cooperative editing by multiple authors. From a security standpoint, they may offer transport protection by means of TLS, but the users's confidential data can still be read by the cloud service provider. In this paper, we present a system, called SecCollab, that protects users' privacy while using collaborative editors. Our solution does not require any changes to the existing applications and all collaborative editing features are preserved. We evaluate and show a moderate storage overhead (a linear 250%) and negligible encryption time.
The Abstract Task Graph: a methodology for architecture-independent programming of networked sensor systems (2005)

The Abstract Task Graph (ATaG) is a data driven programming model for end-to-end application development on networked sensor systems. An ATaG program is a system-level, architecture-independent specification of the application functionality. The application is modeled as a set of abstract tasks that represent types of information processing functions in the system, and a set of abstract data items that represent types of information exchanged between abstract tasks. Input and output relationships between abstract tasks and data items are explicitly indicated as channels. Each abstract task is associated with user-provided code that implements the actual information processing functions in the system. Appropriate numbers and types of tasks can then be instantiated at compile-time or run-time to match the actual hardware and network configuration, with each node incorporating the user-provided code, automatically generated glue code, and a runtime engine that manages all coordination and communication in the network. This paper primarily deals with the key concepts of ATaG and the program syntax and semantics. The end-to-end application development methodology is discussed briefly.
A W-band source module using MMIC's (1995)

A W-band source module providing 4-GHz tuning bandwidth (92.5-96.5 GHz) has been developed. This module consists of three MMIC chips: a 23.5 GHz HBT VCO, a 23.5-94 GHz HEMT frequency quadrupler and a W-band three-stage HEMT output amplifier, all fabricated in TRW production lines. It exhibits a measured output power of 3 dBm at 94-95 GHz and a 3-dB tuning bandwidth greater than 3 GHz, with a phase noise of -92 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. This work demonstrates a new and efficient way to implement high performance W-band source. Its wide tuning bandwidth with good phase noise performance, as well as design simplicity, makes this approach attractive for many W-band system applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optical WDM Networks (2002)

Optical WDM networking technology is spearheading a bandwidth revolution in the networking infrastructure being developed for the next generation Internet. Rapid advances in optical components have en
A solution for the priority queue problem of deadline-ordered service disciplines (2002)

To provide service guarantees in packet-switching networks, several deadline-ordered service disciplines have been proposed, including delay-EDD (earliest due deadline), jitter-EDD, leave-in-time, RFS, and virtual-clock. In a deadline-ordered service discipline, packets are assigned transmission deadlines and are transmitted according to the deadline-ordered scheduling policy: transmit packets in increasing order of deadlines. Although these service disciplines provide desirable quality of service (QoS) guarantees, they have been regarded as infeasible for high-speed networks due to the high overhead imposed by the sorting of packets in the server queue. This paper shows that these service disciplines become efficient if they replace the deadline-ordered scheduling policy with a new scheduling policy that is defined. This new scheduling policy uses hardware support to achieve an O(1) time complexity. We prove that a server that employs this new scheduling policy provides a delay bound to real-time packets that is slightly larger than what the server can provide with deadline-ordered scheduling.
Computer assisted total knee arthroplasty using patient specific templates. (2006)

Current techniques used for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) rely on conventional instrumentation (CI) systems that violate the intramedullary canals. The accuracy of\nthese systems is questionable, and set up and assembly of their numerous pieces is time consuming. Navigation techniques are more accurate, but their broad application is limited by cost and complexity.\n\nThe aim of this study was to prove a new concept of computer assisted preoperative planning to provide patient-specific templates (PST) that can replace conventional instruments. Computed tomography based planning was used to design two virtual templates. Using rapid prototyping technology, virtual templates were transferred into physical templates (cutting blocks) with surfaces that matched the distal femur and proximal tibia. Forty five TKA procedures were performed on 16 cadaveric and 29 plastic knees using the PST technique. Six out of 29 TKA\nprocedures were included in a comparative trial against 6 procedures performed using CI systems. Computer assisted analysis of 6 random postoperative CT scans was performed to evaluate the accuracy of this technique. A reliability test was performed, in which five observers positioned the templates on a plastic knee model and a navigation system was used to measure alignment and the level of bone\ncutting for the planned tibial and femoral cuts. Each observer repeated the test 5 times. Errors in placement of the templates as well as intraobserver and interobserver variations were measured.\n\nThe study showed that it was possible to perform all 45 TKA procedures without CI systems. There was no need for intramedullary perforation, tracking or registration. The mean time for bone cutting was 9 minutes (15 minutes for CI\nsystems), when the surgeon had an assistant and 11 minutes (30 minutes for CI systems), when the surgeon was unassisted. Postoperative CT scans showed mean errors of 1.70 and 0.8 mm (maximum 2.30 and 1.2 mm) for alignment and bone resection respectively. The reliability test had a mean alignment error of 0.670(maximum 2.50). The mean error for bone resection was 0.32 mm (maximum 1 mm). The positioning of the templates was reliable, as there was no significant intraobserver and interobserver variation.\n\nThis study proved the concept of patient-specific templating for TKA. It also showed a satisfactory level of accuracy and reliability of this technique. In conclusion, the PST technique has several advantages over conventional\ninstrumentation and it is a simple alternative to navigation and robotic techniques for TKA. Further clinical validation is required before recommending this technique for new users.