gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Product introduction in PCB design and assembly (1992)

The design and manufacture of PCBs is carried out in a variety of ways and may vary substantially from one company and application to another. Time-to-market is critical in all industries where changes in technology and customer requirements occur rapidly. There is a wide range of complex issues associated with reducing time-to-market and it is only by addressing these in a coordinated manner that existing electronics manufacturers will continue to compete successfully in international markets. The authors conclude that reductions in time-to-market will depend on better management of product introduction (PI) into manufacture. A formal approach to the management of PI and the careful application of emerging computer technologies will complement the team work of those involved in PI by providing a focal point for all relevant PI information within a structured but flexible framework. The PI performance of any companies operating in fast-moving industries will be increasingly important to continuing commercial success as customers come to expect more of the latest technologies in the products they buy, having little regard for the complexity of the tasks involved in getting those products to the marketplace. >
Using Bypass to Tighten WCET Estimates for Multi-Core Processors with Shared Instruction Caches (2009)

Multi-core chips have been increasingly adopted by the microprocessor industry. For real-time systems to exploit multi-core architectures, it is required to obtain both tight and safe estimates of worst-case execution times (WCETs). Estimating WCETs for multi-core platforms is very challenging because of the possible interferences between cores due to shared hardware resources such as shared caches, memory bus, etc. This paper proposes a compile-time approach to reduce shared instruction cache interferences between cores to tighten WCET estimations. Unlike, which accounts for all possible conflicts caused by tasks running on the other cores when estimating the WCET of a task, our approach drastically reduces the amount of inter-core interferences. This is done by controlling the contents of the shared instruction cache(s), by caching only blocks statically known as reused. Experimental results demonstrate the practicality of our approach.
Oxidation of Benzylic Alcohols and Ethers to Carbonyl Derivatives by Nitric Acid in Dichloromethane (2003)

Abstract Nitric acid in dichloromethane may be successfully employed for the oxidation of benzylic alcohols and ethers to the corresponding carbonyl compounds. The proposed method proved to be of general applicability, affording very good yields of aldehydes and ketones and showing interesting chemoselectivity in many instances, allowing competitive aromatic nitration to be avoided, as well as − in the case of aldehydes − any further oxidation to carboxylic acids. The reaction probably proceeds by a radical mechanism, the active species in the oxidation process being NO 2 . Competitive formation of nitro esters was observed in some cases, whereas poor results were obtained with allylic and non‐benzylic substrates. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Nanostructured High‐Entropy Alloys with Multiple Principal Elements: Novel Alloy Design Concepts and Outcomes (2004)

A new approach for the design of alloys is presented in this study. These “high‐entropy alloys” with multi‐principal elements were synthesized using well‐developed processing technologies. Preliminary results demonstrate examples of the alloys with simple crystal structures, nanostructures, and promising mechanical properties. This approach may be opening a new era in materials science and engineering.
WAP enabling existing HTML applications (2002)

Already-existing HTML applications can be converted into WML (Wireless Markup Language) applications for use on WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) enabled devices, yet this process is not as simple as the alteration of the markup tags. This paper investigates the problems associated with the conversion process by examining the conversion of a functional information system that would be of benefit to its users when access from remote locations is required. This paper derails a number of problems discovered with the conversion of complex HTML documents into simplified WML documents. The major problems of displaying tabulated data, hyperlinks, navigational aids and user input are discussed, with possible solutions presented. The paper concludes by raising the issue of 'intelligent' automated HTML-to-WML conversion, a topic for future research.
Genetics and molecular biology of hepatic lipase (1996)

Hepatic lipase is emerging as a major factor in the control of HDL metabolism. Hepatic lipase plays a central role in the hydrolysis of HDL2 triglycerides and phospholipids and in the concomitant apolipoprotein A-I efflux from this density class. New data suggest that allelic variation at the hepatic lipase gene locus accounts for 25% of the total variability in HDL cholesterol. Recent information suggests that this lipase may enhance the uptake of lipoproteins by cell surface receptors.
<title>TOD predicts target acquisition performance for staring and scanning thermal imagers</title> (2000)

Identification and recognition performance for four staring and two scanning thermal imagers, were measured in an observer experiment using images that were collected during a NATO field trial in Nettuno, Italy, in 1998. The dataset allows validation of the MRTD and alternative sensor performance measures such as the TOD (Triangle Orientation Discrimination threshold). The 75% correct Target Acquisition ranges were compared with the TOD sensor acuity and the MRTD spatial frequency at (Delta) T equals 2 K. The results show that the ratio between the 75% correct TA range and TOD sensor acuity (which is the equivalent to the cycle criterion in MRTD-based models), is independent of the sensor type used, which means that the TOD is a good predictor of sensor performance.
Cotargeting of BCL2 with Venetoclax and MCL1 with S63845 Is Synthetically Lethal <i>In Vivo</i> in Relapsed Mantle Cell Lymphoma (2019)

Our data strongly support investigation of venetoclax in combination with S63845 as an innovative treatment strategy for chemoresistant MCL patients with adverse cytogenetics in the clinical grounds.
A probabilistic-based framework for infosec alert correlation (2005)

Deploying a large number of information security (INFOSEC) systems can provide in-depth protection for systems and networks. However, the sheer number of security alerts output by security sensors can overwhelm security analysts from performing effective analysis and taking timely response. Therefore, alert correlation is the core component in a security management system.\nMost of existing alert correlation techniques depend on a priori and hard-coded domain knowledge that lead to their limited capabilities of detecting new attack strategies. These approaches also focus more on the aggregation and analysis of raw security alerts, and build basic or low-level attack scenarios.\nThis thesis focuses on discovering novel attack strategies with analysis of security alerts. Our framework helps security administrator aggregate redundant alerts, intelligently correlate security alerts, analyze attack strategies, and take appropriate actions against forthcoming attacks.\nIn alert correlation, we have developed an integrated correlation system with three complementary correlation mechanisms. We have developed a probabilistic-based correlation engine that incorporates domain knowledge to correlate alerts that have direct causal relationship. We have developed a statistical analysis-based and a temporal analysis-based correlation engines to discover attack transition patterns in which attack steps do not have direct causal relationship in terms of security and performance measure but exhibit statistical and temporal patterns. We construct attack scenarios and conduct attack path analysis based on the correlation results. Security analysts are presented with aggregated information on attack strategies from the integrated correlation system. \nIn attack plan recognition, we address the challenges of identifying attacker's high-level strategies and intentions as well as predicting upcoming attacks. We apply graph-based techniques to correlating isolated attack scenarios derived from low-level alert correlation based on their relationship in attack plans. We conduct probabilistic inference to evaluate the likelihood of attack goal(s) and predict potential upcoming attacks based on observed attack activities. \nWe evaluate our algorithms using DARPA's Grand Challenge Problem (GCP) data sets and live traffic data collected from our backbone network. The results show that our approach can effectively discover novel attack strategies, provide a quantitative analysis of attack scenarios and identify attack plans.
The Effect of Light on Tissue Repair (1993)

Electrotherapeutic modalities are widely used by physiotherapists to accelerate repair and reduce pain. It is important that the underlying mechanisms and effects that they produce are fully understood, together with any underlying adverse effects which may arise from their use. Light therapy is a relatively new addition to the physiotherapy arsenal and the mechanisms of action have not yet been fully identified. There is clinical evidence suggesting that it is effective in promoting tissue repair and pain relief. This, together with some recent laboratory evidence showing light to be effective in stimulating cells that are involved in the repair process to produce wound mediators, is described. The weight of evidence suggests that, if used correctly, light therapy can induce bioeffects which are beneficial to the patient.
Laser coding of bipolar read-only memories (1975)

The application of a pulsed YAG laser beam to coding high-speed bipolar silicon integrated circuit read-only memories is discussed. Coding is accomplished by the selective vaporization of Ti-Pt links connecting the contact pads of each memory cell to Ti-Pt-Au bit lines. Vaporized link resistances of >10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> ohms can be consistently obtained, with no melting of the adjacent gold patterns. Parameters that have been found to be relevant to the link vaporization process are described including the number of laser pulses per link, beam spot size, thickness of the gold metallization, and pulse energy.
Exploiting Eigenvalues of the Hessian Matrix for Volume Decimation. (2001)

In recent years the Hessian matrix and its eigenvalues became important in pattern recognition.\nSeveral algorithms based on the information they provide have been introduced. We recall the\nrelationship between the eigenvalues of Hessian matrix and the 2nd order edge detection filter,\nshow the usefulness of treating them separately and exploit these facts to design a combined\nthreshold operation to generate sparse data sets.
Anticarcinoma activity of a novel drug, 3-ethyl-3'-methyl-thiatelluracarbocyanine iodide (Te), a tellurium-containing cyanine targeted at mitochondria. (1996)

Lipophilic cationic compounds such as rhodamine 123, AA1, and dequalinium chloride have been reported to constitute a new class of anticarcinoma agents based on their selective localization, accumulation, and retention within the mitochondria of certain carcinoma cells. After screening more than 1000 lipophilic cationic compounds in clonogenic assays, we found that a tellurium-containing cyanine, 3-ethyl-3'-methyl-thiatelluracarbocyanine iodide (Te), exhibits significant anticarcinoma activity. In vitro testing showed that Te was 64-fold more toxic to the carcinoma cell line CX-1 than to the normal epithelial cell line CV-1. In vivo testing showed that Te significantly prolonged the survival of mice implanted with tumors. For C57BL x DBA/2 F1 mice implanted with the mouse bladder carcinoma cell line MB49, the treated:control (T:C) ratio ranged from 250 to 268%. For Swiss nu/nu mice implanted with the human melanoma cell line LOX, the T:C ratio ranged from 176 to 270%. For Swiss nu/nu mice implanted with the human ovarian tumor cell line OVCA-III, the T:C ratio was 344%. These anticarcinoma activities warrant further investigation of Te as a potential anticarcinoma agent.
Calculation of Physiologic Dead Space: Comparison of Ventilator Volumetric Capnography to Measurements by Metabolic Analyzer and Volumetric CO <sub>2</sub> Monitor (2013)

PĒCO2, and therefore VD/VT, can be accurately calculated directly from the Dräger XL ventilator volumetric capnography measurements without use of a metabolic analyzer or volumetric CO2 monitor.
A Slider With an Integrated Microactuator (SLIM) for Second Stage Actuation in Hard Disc Drives (2008)

A slider with an integrated microactuator (SLIM) was devised, which is capable of actuating a read-write element of a hard disc drive (HDD) in both vertical direction (adjusting the flying height) and in lateral direction (allowing second stage actuation). The read-write element is located on a chiplet attached to a mounting platform. A pair of integrated electromagnetic microactuators appropriately activates this mounting platform and thus the read-write element. This design promises a cost competitive solution for HDD recording head microactuation. While the SLIM design as well as the thin-film fabrication of the SLIM component parts were completed, a 40 : 1 model allowed for initial system level experimental measurements which indicate a good agreement between the performance of the model and the actual SLIM device.
Heterocyclic quinones. XVI. Pharmacomodulation in the series of 11H-indolo(3,2-c)quinolinediones: Synthesis, cytotoxicity and antitumor activity of 3-substituted 11H-pyrido(3',4':4,5)pyrrolo(3,2-c)quinoline-1,4-diones. (1989)

With the aim of obtaining new antitumor drugs more active than previously described 11H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-1,4-diones and 7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-11H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-1,4-diones, the synthesis and activities of a series of 3-substituted 11H-pyrido[3',4':4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-c]quinoline-1,4-diones and of 7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-11H-pyrido-[3',4':4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-c] quinoline-1,4-diones were studied. Some quinones were more cytotoxic in vitro towards L1210 leukemia cells but were not active in vivo towards murine P388 leukemia.
Non-contact atomic force microscopy study of atomic manipulation on an insulator surface by nanoindentation (2006)

Experimental results on vertical manipulation on an insulator surface using non-contact atomic force microscopy are presented. Cleaved ionic KCl(100) single crystal is used as an insulator surface. With the nanoindentation method used, the vertical manipulation of a single atom in an ionic crystal surface is more difficult than in a semiconductor surface. Therefore, in many cases, more than one surface atom is manipulated while, in rare cases, single-atom manipulation is successfully performed. Lateral manipulation of a vacancy has occasionally succeeded on the KCl(100) surface. We have presumed that the lateral manipulation was induced by pulling.
Jet: An Embedded DSL for High Performance Big Data Processing (2012)

Cluster computing systems today impose a trade-off between generality, performance and productivity. Hadoop and Dryad force programmers to write low level programs that are tedious to compose but easy to optimize. Systems like Dryad/LINQ and Spark allow concise modeling of user programs but do not apply relational optimizations. Pig and Hive restrict the language to achieve relational optimizations, making complex programs hard to express without user extensions. However, these extensions are cumbersome to write and disallow program optimizations. We present a distributed batch data processing framework called Jet. Jet uses deep language embedding in Scala, multi-stage programming and explicit side effect tracking to analyze the structure of user programs. The analysis is used to apply projection insertion, which eliminates unused data, as well as code motion and operation fusion to highly optimize the performance critical path of the program. The language embedding and a high-level interface allow Jet programs to be both expressive, resembling regular Scala code, and optimized. Its modular design allows users to extend Jet with modules that produce good performing code. Through a modular code generation scheme, Jet can generate programs for both Spark and Hadoop. Compared with naÃ¯ve implementations we achieve 143% speedups on Spark and 126% on Hadoop.
Being There: Concepts, Effects and Measurements of User Presence in Synthetic Environments (2003)

Presence , the sense of being there in a mediated environment, has been applied to describe the user experience when interacting with advanced media interfaces such as virtual environments. Why examine the concept of presence? There are compelling practical and theoretical reasons. The definition of the construct of presence is of particular interest today because it has the potential relevance for the design and evaluation of a broad range of interactive and non-interactive media and applications in several areas such as medicine, entertainment, education and training. An enhanced sense of presence plays an important role in technologies such as the video telephone, high definition television (HDTV), 3G portable phones, home and arcade video games, the World Wide Web, and more. The book examines the different facets of the concept of presence. It begins by noting practical and theoretical reasons for studying this concept. Different theories of presence are identified and a detailed description of the concepts included in these conceptualizations is presented. Then, existing research about the factors that encourage or discourage a sense of presence in media users as well as the physiological and psychological effects of presence are outlined. Finally, suggestions concerning possible evolutions of this concept allowed by the diffusion of ambient intelligence and 3G portable communication are presented.
Absence of reuptake of serotonin influences susceptibility to clinical autoimmune disease and neuroantigen-specific interferon-gamma production in mouse EAE (2005)

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is one of the most extensively studied neurotransmitters of the central nervous system. It also has been identified in constituents of the immune system. Therefore serotonin has been suggested to serve as a mediator of bidirectional interactions between the nervous system and the immune system. We investigated this interaction in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a well-defined animal model of autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) mimicking features of the human disease multiple sclerosis. EAE was induced by immunization with the autoantigens myelin basic protein (MBP) or the immunodominant peptide of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) spanning amino acids 35-55 (MOGp 35-55). We studied EAE in knockout (KO) mice lacking the 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) on a C57.BL/6 background, in comparison with wild-type C57.BL/6 animals. After immunization with MOGp 35-55, or with rat MBP, the disease courses of the 5-HTT knockout mice were attenuated as compared to wildtype control mice. This difference was more pronounced in female animals. To dissect potential immune mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, histological studies of the CNS and cytokine measurements in mononuclear cells from the spleens of 5-HTT KO mice and wild-type controls were performed. We found a reduction of the inflammatory infiltrate in the CNS and of the neuroantigen-specific production of IFN-gamma in splenocytes, again accompanied by a gender difference. These findings suggest a potential role of extracellular 5-HT homeostasis in the fine-tuning of neuroantigen-specific immune responses.
Synthetic microbe communities provide internal reference standards for metagenome sequencing and analysis (2018)

Abstract The complexity of microbial communities, combined with technical biases in next-generation sequencing, pose a challenge to metagenomic analysis. Here, we develop a set of internal DNA standards, termed “sequins” (sequencing spike-ins), that together constitute a synthetic community of artificial microbial genomes. Sequins are added to environmental DNA samples prior to library preparation, and undergo concurrent sequencing with the accompanying sample. We validate the performance of sequins by comparison to mock microbial communities, and demonstrate their use in the analysis of real metagenome samples. We show how sequins can be used to measure fold change differences in the size and structure of accompanying microbial communities, and perform quantitative normalization between samples. We further illustrate how sequins can be used to benchmark and optimize new methods, including nanopore long-read sequencing technology. We provide metagenome sequins, along with associated data sets, protocols, and an accompanying software toolkit, as reference standards to aid in metagenomic studies.
Fine Tuning of the Relaxometry of γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles by Tweaking the Silica Coating Thickness (2010)

We report the fine-tuning of the relaxometry of gamma-Fe2O3@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles by adjusting the thickness of the coated silica layer. It is clear that the coating thickness of Fe2O3@SiO2 nanoparticles has a significant impact on the r(1) (at low B0 fields), r(2), and r(2)* relaxivities of their aqueous suspensions. These studies clearly indicate that the silica layer is heterogeneous and has regions that are porous to water and others-that are not. It is also shown, that the viability and the mitochondrial dehydrogenase expression of the microglial cells do not appear to be sensitive to the vesicular load with these core-shell nanoparticles. The adequate silica-shell thickness can therefore be tuned to allow for both a sufficiently high response as contrast agent, and-adequate grafting of targeted biomolecules.
Unconventional cyclone separators (1993)

Conventional cyclone separators are seldom suitable for dust removal from gases according to present standards. The reason is the presence of secondary currents within the cyclone body, which disturb the process of separation as predicted by elementary cyclone theory. Interference can be avoided by special design of the cyclone, including the geometry of the separation chamber, the position of openings, use of flow guides within the cyclone, the dimension and the geometry of the hopper, bleeding and bypassing of the gas, use of multicyclones, and means for dust agglomeration.
Multi-user Preference Model and Service Provision in a Smart Home Environment (2007)

An important issue to be addressed in a smart home environment is how to provide appropriate services according to the preference of inhabitants. In this paper, we aim at developing a system to learn a multiple users' preference model that represents relationships among users as well as dependency between services and sensor observations. Thus, the service can be inferred based on the learnt model. To achieve this, we propose a three-layer model in our work. At the first layer, raw data from sensors are interpreted as context information after noise removal. The second layer is dynamic Bayesian networks which model the observation sequences including inhabitants' location and electrical appliance (EA) information. At the highest layer, we integrate second layer's, environment information and the relations between inhabitants to provide the service to inhabitants. Therefore, the system can infer appropriate services to inhabitants at right time and right place, and let them feel comfortable. In experiments, we show our model can provide reliable and appreciate services to inhabitants in a smart home environment.