gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tellurium Surface Doping to Enhance the Structural Stability and Electrochemical Performance of Layered Ni-Rich Cathodes (2019)

The Ni-rich layered oxides are considered as a candidate of next-generation cathode materials for high energy density lithium-ion batteries; however, the finite cyclic life and poor thermostability impede their practical applications. There is often a tradeoff between structure stability and high capacity because the intrinsical instability of oxygen framework will lead to the structural transformation of Ni-rich materials. Because of the strong binding energy between the Te atom and O atom, herein a new technology of surface tellurium (Te) doping in the Ni-rich layered oxide (LiNi<sub>0.88</sub>Co<sub>0.09</sub>Al<sub>0.03</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) is proposed to settle the above predicament. Based on density function theory calculations and experiment analysis, it has been confirmed that the doped Te<sup>6+</sup> ions are positioned in the TM layer near the oxide surface, which can constrain the TM-O slabs by strong Te-O bonds and prevent oxygen release from the surface, thus enhancing the stability of the lattice framework in deep delithium (>4.3 V). Especially, 1 wt % Te doping (Te 1%-NCA) shows the superiority in performance improvement. Furthermore, the reversibility of H2-H3 phase transition is also improved to relieve effectively the capacity decline and the structural transformations at extended cycling, which can facilitate the fast Li<sup>+</sup> diffusion kinetic. Consequently, Te 1%-NCA cathode exhibits the improved cycling stability even at high voltages (4.5 and 4.7 V), good rate capability (159.2 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> at 10 C), and high thermal stability (the peak temperature of 258 °C). Therefore, the appropriate Te surface doping provides a significant exploration for industrial development of the high-performance Ni-rich cathode materials with high capacity and structural stability.
JaSkel: a Java skeleton-based framework for structured cluster and grid computing (2006)

This paper presents JaSkel, a skeleton-based framework to develop parallel and grid applications. The framework provides a set of Java abstract classes as a skeleton catalogue, which implements recurring parallel interaction paradigms. This approach aims to improve code efficiency and portability. It also helps to structure scalable applications through the refinement and composition of skeletons. Evaluation results show that using the provided skeletons do contribute to improve both application development time and execution performance.
Crystal and molecular structure of [1.1.1]ferrocenophane (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal and molecular structure of [1.1.1]ferrocenophaneStephen J. Lippard and Geoffrey MartinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 25, 7291–7296Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00728a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00728a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study on gold nanoparticles supported on diamond (2002)

By exploiting the self-organization of metal salt-loaded diblock copolymer micelles followed by a plasma-induced removal of the polymer matrix, well-separated gold particles ranging in size from 1.6 to 10 nm have been prepared on top of diamond substrates. X-ray-induced photoelectron spectra of the valence-band region demonstrate that the electronic properties of such nanoparticles essentially reflect the metallic behavior of the bulk material as can be inferred from the evolution of the d-band shape and the finite density of states at the Fermi energy. This experimentally extends the lower limit for the metallic state of supported Au particles down to a diameter of 1.6 nm.
Ring Cleavage of 3,5-Disubstituted 2-lsoxazolines by Molybdenum Hexacarbonyl and Water to β-Hydroxy Ketones (1987)

An efficient method for preparing ß-hydroxy ketones from 2-isoxazolines by N-O bond cleavage promoted by molybdenum hexacarbonyl is described.
Signal Processing to Reduce Multipath Distortion in Small Rooms (1970)

The transmission between a sound source and a microphone in a small hard-walled room is characterized by multiple peaks and sharp valleys. Sound received by such a microphone often is judged to be undesirably distorted or spectrally colored. A technique is described for combining the signals from two or more microphones to produce a single output having less multipath distortion than any of the individual microphone signals. The output from each microphone is filtered to separate it into a number of bandpass signals occupying contiguous frequency bands. The microphone with greatest long-time response in a given frequency band contributes that band to the output. Each microphone, then, is used only for those frequency bands in which its response is greater than any other microphone, so that the combined output contains less spectral coloration than the signal from any individual microphone. The performance of the process was studied by simulation on a digital computer, and sample recordings are included.
Silane-Modified Polybutadienes (1972)

Abstract This work had as an objective the development of polymeric coupling agents by introduction of silane groups into liquid polybutadienes of high vinyl content. A fraction of the pendant vinyl groups were converted to organic silane moieties by addition of monomeric silane to the double bond. Platinic chloride was found to catalyze the reaction, and the amount of silanation could be controlled by varying the proportion of reagents. The trichlorosilane pendant groups were further reacted with methyl and ethyl orthoformates yielding triethoxy and trimethoxy derivatives. The silanation could be performed up to the point of complete disappearance of infrared unsaturated bands, thus yielding silane-substituted polymers. Monomeric analogs also have been prepared. The polymers were used to treat glass for coupling with liquid polybutadiene matrix.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Silver(I) and Rhodium(I) from Caffeine (2004)

The imidazolium cation 1,3,7,9-tetramethylxanthinium methyl sulfate (1a) is obtained by the reaction of caffeine with dimethyl sulfate. The anion exchange of 1a gives 1,3,7,9-tetramethylxanthinium hexafluorophosphate (1b). Ligand 1a reacts with Ag2O in water to yield an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) silver(I) complex (2a). Similarly, ligand 1b reacts with Ag2O in DMSO to yield NHC silver(I) complex 2b in high yield. A carbene transfer reaction of 2b with [Rh(COD)Cl]2 gives NHC Rh(I) complex 3. All compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectrometry. The solid-state structures of 1b, 2b, and 3 were determined by X-ray crystallography.
Association between milk somatic cell counts up to 400,000 cells/ml and clinical mastitis in French Holstein cows. (1999)

The relationship between somatic cell counts (SCCs) up to 400,000 cells/ml in individual cows and clinical mastitis was studied by collecting monthly records for a year from 101 Holstein herds in the west of France. Monthly records obtained after any case of clinical mastitis occurring within the lactation were excluded. The resulting dataset consisted of 29,700 records from 4677 cows. The data were analysed by the logistic regression method. Herd, lactation number, calendar month, milk production, stage of lactation on the day of test, and SCC on previous test days were assumed to affect the likelihood of clinical mastitis. There was no significant relationship between SCC and the subsequent occurrence of clinical mastitis for an SCC up to 100,000 cells/ml, but the risk of clinical mastitis increased as the SCC increased up to 400,000 cells/ml. These results suggest that in individual cows, a low SCC recorded after five days in milk does not lead to an increased risk of clinical mastitis.
The Nuclear Magnetic Moments of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">C</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>13</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ba</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>135</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ba</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>137</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1941)

The nuclear gyromagnetic ratios for ${\mathrm{C}}^{13}$, ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{135}$ and ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{137}$ have been measured by the molecular beam magnetic resonance method. The signs of the nuclear magnetic moments have also been determined. For ${\mathrm{C}}^{13}$ the $g$ value is 1.402\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004 and the moment is positive. When this fact is considered with the results of theoretical treatments of the ${\mathrm{C}}^{13}$ nucleus, $I=\frac{1}{2}$ seems to be the preferable value for ${\mathrm{C}}^{13}$. The resultant nuclear magnetic moment is +0.701\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.002 n. m. The moments for both ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{135}$ and ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{137}$ are positive. The $g$ values are 0.5575\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0017 and 0.6236\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0019 respectively. Using $I=\frac{3}{2}$ for both nuclei, the corresponding nuclear magnetic moments are +0.8363\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0026 and +0.9354\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0029, respectively. The ratio of the moments is 1.1174\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0010. All $g$ values are referred to that for ${\mathrm{Li}}^{7}$ of 2.1688. Careful examination of the barium beam intensity as a function of homogeneous field strength with constant oscillating field frequency revealed only two resonance minima.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave Activation in Phase Transfer Catalysis (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Characterization of the preformed antibodies involved in the xenograft reaction (1983)

The dog-to-sheep renal xenograft model was utilized to isolate the antibodies that participate in xenograft hyperacute rejection. These sheep antibodies, which were isolated from the rejected dog kidney, agglutinated and killed only dog blood and kidney cells whereas the whole sheep serum reacted with both dog and rabbit cells. The purified antibody was also utilized to obtain in pure form the antigens involved in the hyperacute rejection. When this antigen was tested for its ability to bind the serum of various species, this particular antigen was highly specific for sheep serum and would not react with rabbit, horse, calf, or mouse sera.
Head Start: A Moving Target (1986)

In an era of federal retrenchment, it is hard to imagine a vestige of the Great Society that not only has survived, but also thrived. Yet Head Start is just such a program. In the same period in which Aid to Families with Dependent Children, Medicaid, compensatory education, community services, and student loan programs have experienced drastic cutbacks, Head Start not only has been spared the budget cutter's axe, but actually has seen its budget expand.
Application of electro-active biofilms (2009)

The concept of an electro-active biofilm (EAB) has recently emerged from a few studies that discovered that certain bacteria which form biofilms on conductive materials can achieve a direct electrochemical connection with the electrode surface using it as electron exchanger, without the aid of mediators. This electro-catalytic property of biofilms has been clearly related to the presence of some specific strains that are able to exchange electrons with solid substrata (eg Geobacter sulfurreducens and Rhodoferax ferrireducens). EABs can be obtained principally from natural sites such as soils or seawater and freshwater sediments or from samples collected from a wide range of different microbially rich environments (sewage sludge, activated sludge, or industrial and domestic effluents). The capability of some microorganisms to connect their metabolisms directly in an external electrical power supply is very exciting and extensive research is in progress on exploring the possibilities of EABs applications. Indeed, the best known application is probably the microbial fuel cell technology that is capable of turning biomass into electrical energy. Nevertheless, EABs coated onto electrodes have recently become popular in other fields like bioremediation, biosynthesis processes, biosensor design, and biohydrogen production.
A Comparative Study of the NAH and TOL Catabolic Plasmids in Pseudomonas putida (1977)

A comparative study of the NAH and TOL catabolic plasmids was carried out to provide information for future genetic manipulation experiments involving these two plasmids. The plasmids were studied in a strain of P. putida and its mutant derivatives. The NAH and TOL plasmids were found to be incompatible. Under the conditions used in these experiments the TOL plasmid transferred into some strains into which NAH was unable to transfer. The use of mutants to remove certain catabolic activities encoded by the bacterial host cell facilitated the allocation of growth genotypes to the NAH and TOL plasmids. TOL encoded the degradation of benzoate, m-toluate and p-toluate, whereas NAH encoded the degradation of naphthalene and salicylate. The other plasmid-associated growth phenotypes were partly plasmid-specified and partly specified by the host cell. The pH optimum of the catechol 2,3-dioxygenase specified by the TOL plasmid was approximately 6.7, whereas that of the NAH-encoded enzyme was approximately 8.3.
The task of EUV reflectometry for HVM of EUV masks: first steps (2009)

High volume manufacturing (HVM) of EUV-masks requires increase in accuracy, precision and practicability. HVM requirements for reflectometry of EUV-masks are expected to be < 0.05 % in peak reflectance, and < 0.002 nm in centroid wavelength (3 σ). Absolute accuracies should be of the same value at 1 σ. This should be accomplished along with the reduced measuring spot size of down to < 0.01 mm<sup>2</sup> as well as monitored alignment and positioning using fiducial mark. With the existing EUV-reflectometer developed for mask blank characterization, 0.1 % in peak reflectivity precision and 0.005 nm for centroid wavelength (1 σ) are routinely achieved on both reflective multilayer coated and absorber coated blanks. It has been demonstrated that our EUV-lamp enables EUV-MBR operation without wear or components change for > 300 million pulses, which is > 100.000 full spectra measured at different sites or > 10.000 samples measured at 9 spots each. In this work we are presenting our present status as well as the first steps to achieve the demanded target for HVM of EUV masks. We will analyze the factors and parameters which are critical to achieve this level quality.
Plasma-enhanced polymer deposition in ambient environment conditions using dielectric barrier discharge plasma jet (2010)

Summary form only given. In this work, a polymer film deposition system based on plasma-polymerization technique is developed by using an atmospheric pressure floating electrode dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) jet, as shown in Fig. 1. Helium with small admixtures of polymer precursors is used as the working gas in the DBD system to achieve plasma polymerization. A floating electrode configuration is used to allow for an active plasma region in the vicinity of the substrate rather than just an afterglow plasma region. Initially nitrogen was used as a background gas for deposition. In using air as a background gas additional concerns are oxidation and combustion of the monomer which may affect the conditions of both the deposition and plasma. Various precursor types, precursor concentrations, discharge powers, flow rates, and electrode configurations as well as substrate materials are utilized in the experiments. The polymer films with the different growth parameters are compared and discussed by a W/FM value, where W is the discharge power, F is the precursor flow rate (precursor concentration) and M is the molecular weight of the polymer precursor. Preliminary works are focused on the deposition of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) films. The surface morphology of the polymer films is characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are used to investigate the chemical composition of the plasma-polymerized films.
New Methods to Evaluate Endothelial Function: Evaluation of Endothelial Function by Hemoglobin-Nitric Oxide Complex Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (2003)

This minireview describes the practical use of assay systems to detect nitric oxide (NO) by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy for evaluation of endothelial functions. The iron(II)-dithiocarbamate complexes, such as iron(II)-(N-methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate), are commonly used in EPR detection of NO both in vivo and in vitro. However, due to their redox activity, these complexes have some drawbacks that limit their usefulness for the detection of NO. On the other hand, the measurement of hemoglobin-NO adduct (HbNO) in whole blood by the EPR method seems relevant for the assessment of systemic NO levels. However, ceruloplasmin and an unknown radical species overlapping the same magnetic field as that of HbNO, which makes it physically impossible to measure small amounts of HbNO. Thus, to reveal the EPR spectrum of HbNO, we developed the EPR signal subtraction method, which is based on the computer-assisted subtraction of the digitized EPR spectrum of HbNO-depleted blood from that of the sample blood using software. Using this technique, we succeeded in measuring the steady blood HbNO level as an index of NO by the EPR HbNO signal subtraction method. We also demonstrated that temocapril reduces abnormalities of NO dynamics in the L-NAME (N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine-methylester)-induced endothelial dysfunction of rats using the EPR HbNO signal subtraction method.
Granularity of beam positions in digital phased arrays (1968)

Many phased arrays are designed to use digital or digitalized phase shifters in which the phase shift varies in discrete steps rather than continuously. In such cases, the beam can be steered only in discrete steps. Granularity, defined as the finest realizable increment between adjacent beam positions, is an important parameter in the description of the performance of a phased array antenna using digital phase shifters. Two approaches to the problem of determining granularity are developed in this paper. The first is based upon the expansion by its moments of complex aperture distribution functions; the second is based upon approximating the actual discrete phase distribution by a linear continuous one. Results of the two approaches are shown to be in excellent agreement, with a variation of less than 3.6 percent being obtained. Arrays employing binary digital phase shifters are explicitly considered, but the techniques can be generalized to other types of digital, or digitalized, phase shifters. For other than the first beam position, there are alternate phase distributions which might be used to obtain a given beam position. The selection of a specific phase distribution depends, at least in part, upon the computer logic and round-off procedures. It is shown that these alternate phase distributions do not produce large differences in the beam position. The spread in beam position is between 2 and 3 percent for the alternate distributions. The effect of an amplitude taper on granularity is also considered. It is found that when the edge elements are less intensely illuminated than those at the center, the first beam position off-broadside is nearer broadside than for an array having the same phase distribution but uniform amplitude. The average granularity of a phased array has been determined, and is plotted against the number of elements with the number of phase bits as a parameter.
Higher vs Lower Positive End-Expiratory Pressure in Patients With Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (2010)

Treatment with higher vs lower levels of PEEP was not associated with improved hospital survival. However, higher levels were associated with improved survival among the subgroup of patients with ARDS.
The MSW Supervisory Requirement in Field Instruction: (1989)

In a retrospective review of social work students' evaluations of the quality of their field instruction supervision, it was found that MSW field instructors were not rated more highly than agency field instructors who did not possess an MSW degree. The sample consisted of 281 MSW students and 129 BSW students. The implications of these findings for social work education are discussed.
Technological Applications of Dispersions (2020)

Paints Titanium Dioxide Pigments Coloured Inorganic Pigments Organic Pigments Dispersion of Pigments into Printing Inks Dispersions in Plastics and Synthetic Fibres Paper Coatings Dispersions of Polymers for Special Purposes Strength Enhancement of Inorganic Materials Through Dispersion Liquid Crystal Dispersions Use of Monosize Dispersions in Silver Halide Photographic Emulsions Magnetic Recording Materials Dispersions as Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms Milk as a Food Dispersion.
Annealing of Recoil Bromine-82 in Hexabromoethane (1964)

Summary The effect of pre-irradiation of hexabromoethane with gamma rays upon subsequent thermal annealing of recoil bromine-82 has been examined: the doses given ranged from 2 to 2 X 10 7 r . The results reveal a complex pattern which is discussed in terms of trapped defects having a variety of activation energies for release, and the interaction of the released defects with the recoil atoms. The results of both pre- and postirradiation (radiation annealing) were found to depend on radiation intensity. In the former case the higher the intensity the greater the effectiveness in promoting annealing while in the latter the reverse was true.