gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Anodization Conditions for the Growth of Titania Nanotubes on Curved Surfaces (2015)

Titania nanotubes (TNTs), fabricated by electrochemical anodization due to their outstanding properties, have been widely explored for solar cells, catalysis, electronics, drug delivery, biosensing, and medical implants. Rational design of the anodization conditions is the key to obtaining high quality TNTs that are well aligned and strongly adherent onto the underlying titanium substrate. With the development of many anodization procedures on a substrate with various shapes and sizes, catering to various applications, the mechanical stability of anodic layers is often neglected. Here we consider the factors that lead to unstable and poorly adherent nanotube arrays produced upon anodization of curved titanium surfaces. The role of electrolyte aging, water content, voltage/time of anodization, and the substrate dimensions were investigated for optimization of the fabrication of nanotubes on curved surfaces such as Ti wires. Finally, the most optimal fabrication procedure and anodization parameters are presented that yield high-quality nanotubes, which are stable and well-adherent on the underlying substrate.
An open clinical pilot study of the efficacy and safety of oral terbinafine in dry non-inflammatory tinea capitis (1992)

Journal Article An open clinical pilot study of the efficacy and safety of oral terbinafine in dry non‐inflammatory tinea capitis Get access T.S. HAROON, T.S. HAROON Departments of Dermatology, King Edward Medical College/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan Professor T.S. Haroon, Department of Dermatology, King Edward Medical College/Mayo Hospital, Nila Gumbad, Lahore, Pakistan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. HUSSAIN, I. HUSSAIN Departments of Dermatology, King Edward Medical College/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. MAHMOOD, A. MAHMOOD Departments of Dermatology, King Edward Medical College/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.H. NAGI, A.H. NAGI Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical College/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. AHMAD, I. AHMAD Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical College/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. ZAHID M. ZAHID Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical College/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 126, Issue s39, 1 February 1992, Pages 47–50, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb00010.x Published: 01 February 1992
Adventure on Red River: Report on the Exploration of the Headwaters of the Red River (1938)

Journal Article Adventure on Bed River: Report on the Exploration of the Headwaters of the Red River. By Captain Randolph B. Marcy and Captain G. B. McClellan. Edited and annotated by Grant Foreman. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1937. xxxii + 199 pp. Illustrations and map. $2.50.) Get access G. Hubert Smith G. Hubert Smith Ft. Ridgely State Park, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 25, Issue 1, June 1938, Pages 106–107, https://doi.org/10.2307/1892348 Published: 01 June 1938
Sequence and expression of the gene encoding the respiratory nitrous‐oxide reductase from <i>Paracoccus denitrificans</i> (1993)

The structural gene for the respiratory nitrous-oxide reductase from Paracoccus denitrificans has been cloned using a probe derived from the structural gene, nosZ, for this enzyme from Pseudomonas stutzeri. The cloned gene could be expressed surprisingly well (presumably yielding an apo-protein) using an expression vector in Escherichia coli. Sequencing the nosZ gene from P. denitrificans has shown that the periplasmic nitrous-oxide reductase of this organism is highly similar in sequence to previously derived primary sequences for the enzyme from three other organisms. As with the other reductases, an unusually long signal sequence is deduced and a common motif of GXXRRXXLG near the beginning of this sequence is present. The results of N-terminal sequencing of the mature nitrous-oxide reductase from the closely related organism Thiosphaera pantotropha indicate that processing of the P. denitrificans precursor occurs between amino acids at positions 57 and 58. The predicted signal peptide is therefore of the same length and of similar overall structure to that previously described for the P. denitrificans methylamine dehydrogenase small subunit (MauA). The P. denitrificans sequence for the mature nitrous-oxide reductase reduces from 14 to 11 and 6 to 4, respectively, the number of conserved histidine and methionine residues compared to previous sequences. Three cysteine and four tryptophan residues, previously identified as conserved amongst nitrous-oxide reductases, are found in the Paracoccus enzyme. A comparison of the sequence of the C-terminal region of the nitrous-oxide-reductase sequence with that for the CuA region of subunit II of the cytochrome aa3 from P. denitrificans reveals considerable sequence similarities. Upstream of the structural gene for nosZ are sequences TTGAAGCTTAACCAG (centred at position -21 with respect to the start codon) and CCCGGTGGTCATCAAG (centred at position -126). Although both could be FNR (ANR) boxes, the latter is far more probable to have this role because only it is likely to be upstream of a promoter site. This is the first indication at the DNA sequence level for the existence of this regulatory system in P. denitrificans. Analysis of the flanking DNA sequences revealed reading frames upstream and downstream of the nosZ gene showing similarity to the nosR and nosD genes, respectively, of Pseudomonas species. An S30 in vitro transcription/translation system was developed for P. denitrificans which permitted the expression of the cloned gene for nitrous-oxide reductase and which will be of general value in other studies of this organism.
Spectrum sharing between a surveillance radar and secondary Wi-Fi networks (2016)

Co-existence between unlicensed networks that share a spectrum spatio-temporally with terrestrial (e.g., Air Traffic Control) and shipborne radars <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> in 3 GHz band is attracting significant interest. Similar to every primary-secondary coexistence scenario, interference from unlicensed devices to a primary receiver must be within acceptable bounds. In this work, we formulate the spectrum sharing problem between a pulsed, search radar (primary) and 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) as the secondary.We compute the protection region for such a search radar for a single secondary user (initially) as well as a random spatial distribution of multiple secondary users. Furthermore, we also analyze the interference to the Wi-Fi devices from the radar's transmissions to estimate the impact on achievable WLAN throughput as a function of distance to the primary radar.
Energy-efficient large-scale matrix multiplication on FPGAs (2013)

Energy efficiency has emerged as one of the key performance metrics in computing. In this work, we present an energy efficient design for large-scale matrix multiplication. As a baseline architecture, we use a highly optimized on-chip matrix multiplication architecture extended to support large matrices using external memory. Based on the matrix multiplication algorithm and the DRAM model, we present an efficient data layout for storing the input matrices. This data layout reduces the energy consumed by the external memory by minimizing the number of row activations in a DRAM. By exploiting the matrix multiplication algorithm, modular structure of the DRAM, and the high bandwidth between the on-chip and the external memory, we propose a memory activation schedule. This memory activation schedule is based on a realistic DRAM model and reduces the memory energy, which is the dominant energy of the design. Our proposed scheme improves the energy efficiency (defined as the number of operations per Joule) of the baseline architecture by 1.6×, 1.3×, and 1.2× for 32K×32K 16-bit fixed point, 32K×32K single precision floating point, and 16K×16K double precision floating point matrix multiplication, respectively.
Speckle interferometry for spectral analysis of laser sources and multimode optical waveguides (1986)

Speckle phenomena in optical waveguides known as modal noise are useful for measuring the spectral width of laser sources down to 1 MHz or the bandwidth of multimode fibers up to 1 THz. This measurement is based on a theory relating the frequency correlation function of a speckle pattern to the light source spectrum and to the power transfer function of general waveguides. We demonstrate the feasibility of the method by investigating laser lines with a width of 300 MHz and 5 GHz, and by studying the transmission characteristics of short fiber pieces with bandwidths up to 37 GHz.
Oxidation and quality of soybean oil: A preliminary study of the anisidine test (1974)

Abstract The anisidine test, a measure of secondary oxidation products in glyceride oils, was applied to a number of soybean salad oils processed from sound and damaged soybeans. A highly significant correlation (−0.68) was found between the anisidine values of salad oils from sound soybeans and their flavor scores. Multiple correlations between flavor scores, anisidine, and peroxide values yielded a correlation of 0.81 and provided a method for predicting the initial flavor scores of sound soybean salad oils. Similar data for oils from damaged beans gave a highly significant, but lower, correlation (−0.65). Comparative studies indicated that sound crude oils usually contain lower levels of oxidation products than damaged crude. Oxidation in both sound and damaged crudes increased roughly in proportion to iron content. Reproducibility of the test and the effects of hydrogenation, accelerated storage, and fluorescent light on anisidine values were studied. Analysis of damaged oils before and after deodorization showed that little, if any, reduction of anisidine value occurred. Deodorization of sound oils, however, lowered anisidine values. In comparison with damaged oils, the anisidine values of sound oils were lower at comparable stages of processing. The poor quality of damaged soybean oil was substantiated by organoleptic evaluations. Flavor scores of oils given special processing treatments increased as anisidine values decreased.
Preparation and solubility of hydroxyapatite (1968)

Two portions of a synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA), Ca<sub>5</sub>OH(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, fully characterized by x-ray, infrared, petrographic, and chemical analyses, were heated at 1,000 °C in air and steam atmospheres, respectively. Solubility isotherms for these two samples in the system Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O were determined in the <i>p</i>H range 5 to 7 by equilibrating the solids with dilute H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> solutions. Both samples of HA dissolved stoichiometrically. The activity products <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Ca</mml:mtext></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:msup> <mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>OH</mml:mtext></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo></mml:msup> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>PO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> <mml:mo>≡</mml:mo></mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and their standard errors-obtained by a least squares adjustment of the measurements (Ca and P concentrations and <i>p</i>H of the saturated solutions) subject to the conditions of electroneutrality, constancy of the activity product, and stoichiometric dissolution - were 3.7<sub>3</sub> ± 0.5 × 10<sup>-58</sup> for the steam-heated HA and 2.5<sub>1</sub> ± 0.4 × 10<sup>-55</sup> for the air-heated HA. Allowance was made in the calculations for the presence of the ion pairs [CaHPO<sub>4</sub>]<sup>0</sup> and [CaH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>]<sup>+</sup>. The higher solubility product for the air-heated HA is ascribed either to a change in the heat of formation brought about by partial dehydration or to a state of fine subdivision resulting from a disproportionation reaction. The solubility product constants were used to calculate the points of intersection (i.e., singular points) of the two HA solubility isotherms with the isotherms of CaHPO<sub>4</sub> · 2H<sub>2</sub>O and CaHPO<sub>4</sub>; it was found that the <i>p</i>H's of the singular points for the air-heated HA were a full unit higher than those of the steam-heated preparation. Conditions are described for the precipitation of HA crystals suitable for solubility measurements.
NanoSail-D: The Small Satellite That Could! (2011)

Based on <i>S</i>-parameter measurements, the effect of dynamic trapping and de-trapping of charge in the gate oxide, the increase of dielectric loss due to polarization, and the impact of leakage current on the small-signal input impedance at RF is analyzed and represented. This is achieved by systematically extracting the corresponding model parameters from single device measurements at different frequency ranges, and then the methodology is applied to analyze the evolution of these parameters when the device is submitted to non-conducting electrical stress. This approach not only allows to inspect the impact of effects not occurring under DC conditions, such as the current due to the time varying dielectric polarization, but also to clearly distinguish effects in accordance with the functional form of their contribution to the device's impedance. In fact, it is shown that minor changes in the model of the gate capacitance by including additional resistive and capacitive components allows for an excellent model-experiment correlation up to 30 GHz. Moreover, the accuracy of the correlation is shown to be maintained when applying the proposal to the device under different gate-to-source bias conditions and at several stages during off-state degradation.
Synthesis of MWCNT-Alumina Hybrid as Composite Reinforcement Using Nickel Catalyst (2011)

This work focuses on synthesis of MWCNT-alumina hybrid compound via methane decomposition process using nickel catalyst. The catalysts prepared through in situ process by using nickel salt and aluminium powder which then calcined at 900oC followed by methane decomposition process to grow MWCNT on alumina surface. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) images confirmed the formation of MWCNT with homogenous dispersion on alumina particles.
Expression of auxilin or AP180 inhibits endocytosis by mislocalizing clathrin: evidence for formation of nascent pits containing AP1 or AP2 but not clathrin (2001)

Although uncoating of clathrin-coated vesicles is a key event in clathrin-mediated endocytosis it is unclear what prevents uncoating of clathrin-coated pits before they pinch off to become clathrin-coated vesicles. We have shown that the J-domain proteins auxilin and GAK are required for uncoating by Hsc70 in vitro. In the present study, we expressed auxilin in cultured cells to determine if this would block endocytosis by causing premature uncoating of clathrin-coated pits. We found that expression of auxilin indeed inhibited endocytosis. However, expression of auxilin with its J-domain mutated so that it no longer interacted with Hsc70 also inhibited endocytosis as did expression of the clathrin-assembly protein, AP180, or its clathrin-binding domain. Accompanying this inhibition, we observed a marked decrease in clathrin associated with the plasma membrane and the trans-Golgi network, which provided us with an opportunity to determine whether the absence of clathrin from clathrin-coated pits affected the distribution of the clathrin assembly proteins AP1 and AP2. Surprisingly we found almost no change in the association of AP2 and AP1 with the plasma membrane and the trans-Golgi network, respectively. This was particularly obvious when auxilin or GAK was expressed with functional J-domains since, in these cases, almost all of the clathrin was sequestered in granules that also contained Hsc70 and auxilin or GAK. We conclude that expression of clathrin-binding proteins inhibits clathrin-mediated endocytosis by sequestering clathrin so that it is no longer available to bind to nascent pits but that assembly proteins bind to these pits independently of clathrin.
Sigma-2 ligands induce tumour cell death by multiple signalling pathways (2012)

Sigma-2 ligands induce cell death by multiple signalling pathways.
Investigations on pressure sensors for medical applications based on fiber Bragg gratings (2013)

The concept of fiber-Bragg grating (FBG) arrays was investigated regarding its potential to serve as a new method to fabricate cost efficient and high performance pressure sensor catheters for hollow organs. Draw tower fibers with a reduced diameter of 80 μm and a co-extrusion fabrication process were used in order to keep the catheter simple and prone to be used as one way product. The total diameter of these catheters can range literally from the fiber diameter of 80 μm up to 5 mm. Finite element based investigations on the design were followed by experimental characterization of the material parameters and the fabrication of samples. These samples were thoroughly examined regarding pressure, tension and temperature sensitivity as well as their mechanical properties like stiffness, tensile strength and geometry. As a result of these studies pressure sensor catheter designs for hollow organs in human medicine are proposed. With state of the art interrogation systems for FBG-sensor readout different kinds of measurement catheters are possible to be designed. Possible applications are motility measurements ranging from the human esophagus to the gut, containing rectum, colon and small intestine and even sphincter of Oddi which are accessible by placing the catheter via endoscopic techniques. The use in cardiac arrangements is in preparation.
The Varying Risk Market Model: A Reexamination Based On Heteroskedastic Conditions and Other Statistical Robustness Tests (1999)

Bhardwaj and Brooks (1993) estimates of a varying risk market model indicate that betas of market value-ranked stock portfolios are larger in bull market months for small market value portfolios and smaller for large market value portfolios. This paper investigates the statistical robustness of these and other Bhardwaj and Brooks findings by examining multicollinearity, autocorrelation, and heteroskedasticity diagnostics for the constant and varying risk models. Regressions and diagnostics for two equal subperiods of the Bhardwaj and Brooks regressions are also generated as a further robustness check. Evidence is provided that there is a significant difference in heteroskedasticity between bull and bear markets for the varying risk market model. Also, a G ARCH (I, I) model is proposed, after estimation, to account for the time-varying heteroskedasticity identified. Based on the diagnostics conducted, the varying risk market model is statistically robust.
Rotational invariance of trellis codes. II. Group codes and decoders (1996)

For pt.I see ibid., vol.42, no.3, p.751-65 (1996). In Part I, general results on rotationally invariant codes and encoders were derived assuming no algebraic structure. In Part II, trellis codes based on group systems are considered as a special case for which code and encoder constructions are particularly simple. Rotational invariance is expressed as an algebraic constraint on a group code, and algebraic constructions are found for both "absorbed precoder" encoders and for encoders with separate differential precoders. Finally, the various encoder forms used to achieve rotational invariance are compared based on their performance on an AWGN channel.
Effect of Bubble Velocity and pH Step Changes on the Foam Fractionation of Sporamin (1998)

Foam fractionation can be employed to concentrate and separate sporamin (ipomoein) from a sweet potato protein−water extract. In this foam fractionation study, the bulk solution pH and the air superficial velocity, V0, were the two primary control variables. It was determined that the protein separation ratio is strongly dependent on the bulk solution pH, with the highest sporamin recovery occurring at pH 3. Two types of experiments were conducted here. The first was to hold the air superficial velocity constant and step down the pH in small increments, with 10 mL of foamate collected at each pH level. The second was to hold the pH constant and step up the air superficial velocity, V0, in small increments, again with 10 mL of foamate collected at each V0 level. The lowest feasible air superficial velocity generally corresponds to the maximum protein recovery at a given pH. One strategy for separating β-amylase from sporamin in the sweet potato extract is to first foam the bulk solution at pH 5 to concentrate the sporamin, followed by foaming at pH 3 to collect the concentrated β-amylase. Keywords: Foam fractionation; protein separation; sweet potato protein; sporamin; ipomoein
Respiration Monitoring Using a Flexible Paper-Based Capacitive Sensor (2018)

Respiration is a key vital sign indicative of an individual's health. Current approaches of respiration sensing require direct contact with the body. Moreover, they are expensive and need bulky holter monitors for continuous realtime monitoring. In this study, we propose a low-cost capacitive sensor fabricated using screen printing of carbon paste interdigitated electrodes on paper substrate for respiration monitoring. Cellulosic paper provides a microporous network to trap exhaled breath. Respiration causes the dielectric constant of the paper to change, mostly as a function of breath humidity, which in turn changes the capacitance of the sensor. The interdigitated electrodes configuration is shown to provide better response time compared to resistive configuration. A simple phase sensitive detector-based circuit was used to convert the capacitance change into a measurable output voltage. The MSP430 microcontroller was used for data acquisition and voltage measurement. A graphical user interface was designed for real time respiration monitoring. Experimental results validate the performance of this sensor.