gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Induction Heating Tempering for Strengthening and Toughening of Spring Steel (1988)

It was shown in the previous paper that grain refining by Induction Heating austenitizing and Quenching (IHQ) is effective for the improvement of mechanical properties of Si-Cr spring steel (SUP12). However, it was also shown that Induction Heating Tempering (IHT) as well as grain refining by IHQ plays an important role for superior mechanical properties of Induction Heating Quenched and Induction Heating Tempered (IHQIHT) material.So, in this report the independent effect of IHT on strengthening and toughening of SUP12 is investigated.(1) IHT is effective for the improvement of ductility, toughness, fracture toughness, resistivity to delayed fracture, and fatigue life apart from the effect of grain refining by IHQ. In case of SUP 6, SUP 7, SWRH62B and S45C, IHT materials show toughness generally superior to that by the ordinary tempering.(2) Shorter time and higher temperature heating as well as rapid heating in IHT are effective for strengthening and toughening.
Comparative analysis of the self‐incompatibility (<i>S</i>‐) locus region of <i>Prunus mume</i>: identification of a pollen‐expressed F‐box gene with allelic diversity (2003)

The results indicate that SLF is a prime candidate for the pollen S-determinant gene of SI.
Long-Term Sensitization of a Defensive Withdrawal Reflex in <i>Aplysia</i> (1973)

When a weak tactile stimulus is applied to the siphon of Aplysia californica, the animal withdraws the siphon between the parapodia. This defensive withdrawal reflex can be facilitated (sensitized) if the animal is previously given 4 days of training, consisting of four brief noxious stimuli each day. The sensitization of this reflex can last for up to 3 weeks after training and is mediated by the abdominal ganglion which also mediates long-term habituation. This preparation may provide a system for analyzing the neural mechanism of long-term behavioral modifications of complexity which is intermediate between habituation and associative learning.
A Game Changer: A Multifunctional Perovskite Exhibiting Giant Ferroelectricity and Narrow Bandgap with Potential Application in a Truly Monolithic Multienergy Harvester or Sensor (2017)

An ABO<sub>3</sub> -type perovskite solid-solution, (K<sub>0.5</sub> Na<sub>0.5</sub> )NbO<sub>3</sub> (KNN) doped with 2 mol% Ba(Ni<sub>0.5</sub> Nb<sub>0.5</sub> )O<sub>3-</sub><sub>δ</sub> (BNNO) is reported. Such a composition yields a much narrower bandgap (≈1.6 eV) compared to the parental composition-pure KNN-and other widely used piezoelectric and pyroelectric materials (e.g., Pb(Zr,Ti)O<sub>3</sub> , BaTiO<sub>3</sub> ). Meanwhile, it exhibits the same large piezoelectric coefficient as that of KNN (≈100 pC N<sup>-1</sup> ) and a much larger pyroelectric coefficient (≈130 µC m<sup>-2</sup> K<sup>-1</sup> ) compared to the previously reported narrow-bandgap material (KNbO<sub>3</sub> )<sub>1-</sub><sub>x</sub> -BNNO<sub>x</sub> . The unique combination of these excellent ferroelectric and optical properties opens the door to the development of multisource energy harvesting or multifunctional sensing devices for the simultaneous and efficient conversion of solar, thermal, and kinetic energies into electricity in a single material. Individual and comprehensive characterizations of the optical, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and photovoltaic properties are investigated with single and coexisting energy sources. No degrading interaction between ferroelectric and photovoltaic behaviors is observed. This composition may fundamentally change the working principles of state-of-the-art hybrid energy harvesters and sensors, and thus significantly increases the unit-volume energy conversion efficiency and reliability of energy harvesters in ambient environments.
Video representation tools using a unified object and perspective based approach (1995)

This paper presents a video indexing and representation tool for sequences which contain moving persons, using a model-based dynamic scene analysis. A scenario, describing the sequence in terms of basic events, is proposed. These events constitute a first level of annotation and are used to build a visual representation of the sequence called Object Based Video Icon. Experiments are carried out and a prototype system is described.
Synchronous High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with a Photodiode Array Detector and Mass Spectrometry for the Determination of Citrinin, Monascin, Ankaflavin, and the Lactone and Acid Forms of Monacolin K in Red Mold Rice (2011)

The Monascus fermentation product red mold rice (RMR) has been found to contain the cholesterol-lowering agent monacolin K (MK) in both its lactone (MKL) and acid (MKA) forms and the mycotoxin citrinin (CT). The yellow pigments in RMR, namely, monascin (MS) and ankaflavin (AK), have been reported to exhibit antimetastatic and antiangiogenic activities. Currently, MK and these yellow pigments are usually detected in RMR by different analytical methods that are inconvenient, expensive, and time-consuming. The goal of this study was to establish a rapid, synchronous analytical method for determination of the MKA, MKL, MS, AK, and CT levels in RMR. MKA, MKL, MS, AK, and CT were extracted by the same extraction method, then separated by RP-HPLC with a C18 column. The effluent from the column was passed through a photodiode array detector and then introduced directly into a fluorescence detector. The results showed that high recovery rates of MKA, MKL, MS, AK, and CT are possible if RMR powder is extracted with 75% ethanol (10 mL) at 80 degrees C for 30 min. With regard to the optimal conditions of the HPLC, the peaks of MKA, MKL, MS, AK, and CT can be clearly separated from any noise peaks by isocratic elution with a mobile phase comprising 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile-water (62.5 + 37.5, v/v).
A surface-matching technique for robot-assisted registration (2001)

Successful implementation of robot-assisted surgery (RAS) requires coherent integration of spatial image data with sensing and actuating devices, each having its own coordinate system. Hence, accurate estimation of the geometric relationships between relevant reference frames, known as registration, is a crucial procedure in all RAS applications. The purpose of this paper is to present a new registration scheme, along with the results of an experimental evaluation of a robot-assisted registration method for RAS applications in orthopedics. The accuracy of the proposed registration is appropriate for specified orthopedic surgical applications such as Total Knee Replacement. The registration method is based on a surface-matching algorithm that does not require marker implants, thereby reducing surgical invasiveness. Points on the bone surface are sampled by the robot, which in turn directs the surgical tool. This technique eliminates additional coordinate transformations to an external device (such as a digitizer), resulting in increased surgical accuracy. The registration technique was tested on an RSPR six-degrees-of-freedom parallel robot specifically designed for medical applications. A six-axis force sensor attached to the robot's moving platform enables fast and accurate acquisition of positions and surface normal directions at sampled points. Sampling with a robot probe was shown to be accurate, fast, and easy to perform. The whole procedure takes about 2 min, with the robot performing most of the registration procedures, leaving the surgeon's hands free. Robotic registration was shown to provide a flawless link between preoperative planning and robotic assistance during surgery.
Immunoregulatory T Cell Subpopulations in Man: Dissection by Monoclonal Antibodies and Fc‐Receptors (1983)

Until now, most of the studies on regulatory T cells have been based on culture systems in which human peripheral blood cells are stimulated by polyclonal stimulators like Pokeweed Mitogen (PWM). Our present contribution, however, deals with T cell-mediated regulation of the antigen-induced B cell activation, which exclusively leads to an antigen-specific IgM production (Heijnen et al. 1979a). Some authors' reports on regulatory activities of T cells, as tested in systems using polyclonal stimulators, differ from ours. This may be due to: a) as a result of polyclonal stimulus, various types of regulatory T cells are activated at the same time b) in contrast to a primary antigen, a polyclonal stimulator induces a rapid proliferation of the various regulatory T cells c) a polyclonal stimulator induces the differentiation of B cells in various maturational stages, that might each require additional or different regulatory signals. For example, Thomas et al. (1981) have shown that freshly isolated T4+ cells can induce suppressor activity in unprimed T8+ cells in the presence of PWM, whereas T4+ cells, precultured for 24 h in the presence of PWM, can exert a suppressor activity themselves without an apparent need for T8+ cells. In the antigen-specific system, however, we have neither been able to detect T suppressor effector activity in a population of primed T4+ cells, nor been able to demonstrate T suppressor inducer activity in unprimed T4+ cells (Heijnen et al. 1982a). Therefore the state of activation of the total T4+ population will dictate the balance of the total T helper and T suppressor activity. As a result of proliferation induced by polyclonal mitogens, small subsets of regulatory T cells, which are functionally undetectable in the primary antigen-specific assay, can expand sufficiently to have a measurable effect. Thomas et al. (1980) have shown that the T4+ suppressor inducer cell in the PWM system is radio-sensitive, which is in contrast with our data in the antigen-specific system. This may imply that we are looking at different subsets of T suppressor inducer cells in these different systems, but it might also indicate that T suppressor inducer cells need to proliferate in order to be able to measurably regulate the large pool of responding cells generated in the PWM system. Apart from such quantitative effects, polyclonal B cell activators like PWM are capable of inducing the differentiation of B cells in various maturational stages (Kuritani & Cooper 1982, Stevens 1982, Peters & Fauci 1983). Since it is highly likely that the regulation of these various B cell subsets might require different regulatory signals, the PWM model might be a very complicated model to study regulatory effects of single T cell subsets.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Iron deficiency anemia in inflammatory bowel disease (2015)

Anemia is a common extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and is frequently overlooked as a complication. Patients with IBD are commonly found to have iron deficiency anemia (IDA) secondary to chronic blood loss, and impaired iron absorption due to tissue inflammation. Patients with iron deficiency may not always manifest with signs and symptoms; so, hemoglobin levels in patients with IBD must be regularly monitored for earlier detection of anemia. IDA in IBD is associated with poor quality of life, necessitating prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. IDA is often associated with inflammation in patients with IBD. Thus, commonly used laboratory parameters are inadequate to diagnose IDA, and newer iron indices, such as reticulocyte hemoglobin content or percentage of hypochromic red cells or zinc protoporphyrin, are required to differentiate IDA from anemia of chronic disease. Oral iron preparations are available and are used in patients with mild disease activity. These preparations are inexpensive and convenient, but can produce gastrointestinal side effects, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea, that limit their use and patient compliance. These preparations are partly absorbed due to inflammation. Non-absorbed iron can be toxic and worsen IBD disease activity. Although cost-effective intravenous iron formulations are widely available and have improved safety profiles, physicians are reluctant to use them. We present a review of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of IDA in IBD, improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, efficacy, and safety of iron replacement in IBD.
Vida heróica de viejos maestros (2009)

Como en tantas ocasiones de la vida el eje son las vidas reales y concretas de quienes superan los desafios comunes como nadie. Estos viejos maestros nos revelan una verdad inquietante: una ley no logra hacer buenos maestros; pero un buen maestro si logra sobreponerse a la adversidad y hasta a las malas leyes.
Dysfunction of human subcutaneous fat arterioles in obesity alone or obesity associated with Type 2 diabetes (2010)

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of obesity alone and obesity associated with Type 2 diabetes on the structure, vascular reactivity and response to insulin of isolated human subcutaneous fat arterioles; these effects were correlated with the expression of insulin signalling proteins. Periumbilical subcutaneous adipose tissue was explanted during surgery, small arterioles (internal diameter 220 ± 40 μm) were dissected out and investigated by electron microscopy, myography and immunoblotting. Compared with the subcutaneous arterioles of lean subjects, obesity activated the endothelium, enhanced the accumulation of collagen within vascular wall and increased the sensitivity of adrenergic response; obesity also diminished eNOS (endothelial NO synthase) protein expression, NO production, and endothelium-dependent and insulin-induced vasodilatation, as well as the protein expression of both IRS (insulin receptor substrates)-1 and IRS-2 and of the downstream molecules in the insulin signalling pathway, such as PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase), phospho-Akt and Akt. When obesity was associated with Type 2 diabetes, these changes were significantly augmented. In conclusion, obesity alone or obesity associated with Type 2 diabetes alters human periumbilical adipose tissue arterioles in terms of structure, function and biochemsitry, including diminished eNOS expression and reduced levels of IRS-1, IRS-2, PI3K and Akt in the insulin signalling pathway.
A new method of noise parameter calculation using direct matrix analysis (1992)

A generalized matrix approach to noise analysis of multiport networks with arbitrary topology is presented. The network may be composed of any number of passive components and active two-port devices. The method is direct and easy to follow and has been implemented in a computer program. The program is based on admittance matrix formulation and noise current sources of each device and their correlations. For MESFET devices, one can supply the noise parameters of each device or its physical and geometrical parameters for evaluation of the noise sources and their correlations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Proxy caching for media streaming over the Internet (2004)

Streaming media has contributed to a significant amount of today's Internet traffic. Like conventional Web objects (e.g., HTML pages and images), media objects can benefit from proxy caching; but their unique features such as huge size and high bandwidth demand imply that conventional proxy caching strategies have to be substantially revised. This article discusses the critical issues and challenges of cache management for proxy-assisted media streaming. We survey, classify, and compare the state-of-the-art solutions. We also investigate advanced issues of combining multicast with caching, cooperating among proxies, and leveraging proxy caching in overlay networks.
Monoclonal antibodies recognizing tumor-associated antigen of human ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinomas. (1982)

Spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with human ovarian cystadenocarcinoma extract were fused with the mouse myeloma cell line P3/NSI/1-Ag 4 in the presence of polyethylene glycol (Mr 4000). Of the 46 hybrids obtained, four secreted antibodies preferentially reactive to the immunizing ovarian tumor extract. Two of these hybrids, which showed no reaction with normal controls, were selected for cloning by the limiting dilution method. The numerous clones obtained from each hybrid were screened against a panel of five ovarian tumor extracts, pooled normal ovary extracts, and pooled normal human sera. One clone from each hybrid that showed specificity for ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinomas was recloned to assure monoclonality and to establish a permanent hybridoma cell line. The antibodies secreted by these cell lines were of IgG1 subclass with kappa light chains. These antibody-producing hybridomas were selected for further analysis of the antibody specificity by a solid-phase radioimmunoassay and quantitative absorption tests. The monoclonal antibodies recognized an antigenic determinant present only in mucinous cystadenocarcinomas of the ovary. These did not react with any other gynecological or nongynecological tumor thus far tested. The antigen was not demonstrable in any normal adult tissues tested. Among fetal tissues examined, only fetal intestine extract showed a positive reaction. The antigenic determinant recognized by these monoclonal antibodies was unrelated to carcinoembryonic antigen, normal glycoprotein, normal human serum components, or human ABO blood group materials. These antibodies, which have relatively high affinity and can be produced in large amounts, will be useful for the isolation and immunochemical characterization of this antigen. The purified antigen and the specific antibodies could be then combined in a sensitive radioimmunoassay for the early detection of the antigen in the sera and body fluids of patients with ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinomas.
Photo-Activated Luminescence of CdSe Quantum Dot Monolayers (2000)

We show that the luminescence from CdSe quantum dot monolayers can be strongly influenced by the interaction of water molecules adsorbed on the surface. Light-induced alterations in the surface states following adsorption of water, results in quasi-reversible luminescence changes in the quantum dot. The excitonic QY increases by a factor of 20 during the first 200 s of illumination in air (post vacuum) and then steadily decreases to a level 6 times that of the vacuum reference after 5000 s. The exciton emission exhibits an exponential blue shift of nearly 16 nm (60 meV) over 1 h of illumination. During this time, the line width decreases by 10% during the first 100 s and then slowly increases to 96% of the vacuum reference line width after 5000 s. Our model suggests that water molecules adsorbed on the surface of the quantum dot act to passivate surface traps, which results in increased luminescence, similar to an effect well-known for bulk CdSe surfaces. In addition, adsorbed water molecules act to oxidize the surface of the quantum dot, which results in the blue shift of the exciton emission and eventually introduces new surface defects that lower the luminescence. It is the competition between these two processes that is responsible for the complex kinetics of the luminescence QY.
Data-driven grasping with partial sensor data (2009)

To grasp a novel object, we can index it into a database of known 3D models and use precomputed grasp data for those models to suggest a new grasp. We refer to this idea as data-driven grasping, and we have previously introduced the Columbia Grasp Database for this purpose. In this paper we demonstrate a data-driven grasp planner that requires only partial 3D data of an object in order to grasp it. To achieve this, we introduce a new shape descriptor for partial 3D range data, along with an alignment method that can rigidly register partial 3D models to models that are globally similar but not identical. Our method uses SIFT features of depth images, and encapsulates ¿nearby¿ views of an object in a compact shape descriptor.
Preparation of surface‐modified polystyrene microspheres by an azo‐initiator having analogous structure to the head group of phosphatidylcholine (1994)

Abstract A novel azo‐initiator, 2‐[(2‐ethylphosphatoethyl)dimethylammonio]ethyl 4,4′‐azobis‐(4‐cyanovalerate) (EAP‐501), was prepared. EAP‐501 [m. p. 97°C (dec.), λ max 346 nm in H 2 O] was found to be amphiphilic, with a Krafft point of 11,5°C and a critical micelle concentration of 47,2 mmol·dm −3 at 30°C and 48,6 mmol·dm −3 at 70°C. The rate and activation parameters for the thermal decomposition of EAP‐501 at 70°C were estimated to be k d = 2,35·10 −5 s −1 , Δ H ≠ = 118,4 kJ·mol −1 and Δ S ≠ = 10,5 J·mol −1 ·K −1 . Emulsion polymerization of styrene initiated with EAP‐501 gave polymer microspheres in high yield. The resulting polystyrene microspheres were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The polystyrene microspheres have diameters from 321 to 649 nm by varying the EAP‐501 concentration. The ammonium phosphate groups, which are comparable to the polar head group of phospholipids, are concentrated on the surface of the particles. The particles were found to reduce the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) compared with particles prepared by the emulsion polymerization of styrene initiated with potassium persulfate as an initiator.
Quantifying Uncertainty Towards Information-Centric Unmanned Navigation (2003)

Abstract — Highly imperfect, inconsistent information and incomplete a priori knowledge introduce uncertainty in sensor-centric unmanned navigation systems. Understanding and quantifying uncertainty yields a measure of useful information that plays a critical role in several robotic navigation tasks such as sensor fusion, mapping, localization, path planning, and control. In this paper, within a probabilistic framework, we demonstrate the utility of estimation- and informationtheoretic concepts towards quantifying uncertainty using entropy and mutual information metrics in various contexts of unmanned navigation via experimental results.
Reseña del libro A construção do objeto de pesquisa em representações sociais, del profesor Celso Pereira de Sá (2011)

La teoria moscoviciana de las representaciones sociales (RS), propuesta a partir de la tesis doctoral del psicologo social frances, nacido en Rumania, Serge Moscovici y profundizada en los ultimos 50 anos en paises como Francia, Italia, Espana, Portugal, Brasil, Mexico, Argentina y Venezuela, para citar algunos, llama atencion. a.	por su expansion investigativa, b.	por su dinamica capacidad de dialogo con varias disciplinas y c.	por el debate alrededor de su propia nocion (Jodelet, 2001, pp. 23-27).
Formulation and validation of Berenger's PML absorbing boundary for the FDTD simulation of acoustic scattering (1997)

Berenger's perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary condition for electromagnetic (EM) waves is derived to absorb 2-D and 3-D acoustic waves in finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation of acoustic wave propagation and scattering. A PML medium suitable for acoustic waves is constructed. Plane wave propagation in the PML medium is solved for both 2-D and 3-D cases and explicit FDTD boundary conditions are derived. The equations show that a matched PML medium is a perfect simulation of free space in that a plane wave does not change its direction of propagation or its speed when it propagates from free space into a matched PML medium. FDTD simulation of a pulsed point source propagating in two dimensions is carried out to test the performance of the PML boundary for acoustic waves. Results show that an eight layer PML boundary condition reduces the reflected error 40 dB over Mur's second order boundary condition.