gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adenovirus-mediated expression of PML suppresses growth and tumorigenicity of prostate cancer cells. (1997)

Our previous studies demonstrated that the promyelocytic leukemia gene, PML, encodes a growth and transformation suppressor. Overexpression of PML inhibits cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we further explored the possibility of applying PML as a potential agent for developing prostate cancer gene therapy using an adenovirus delivery system. We have constructed and produced the recombinant PML-adenovirus, Ad-PML, in which the full-length PML cDNA is driven by the strong cytomegalovirus promoter. In LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3 prostate cancer cell lines, an infection efficiency of 90% can be achieved at a concentration of 2, 10, and 100 multiplicity of infection (MOI), respectively. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that the AD-PML-infected cells expressed a high level of PML protein. The protein expression peaked at days 3-4 postinfection, and a detectable level of PML was found at day 18 after viral infection. To test the effect of Ad-PML on the growth of prostate cancer cells, the DU145 and LNCaP cells were infected with 10 and 2 MOI of Ad-PML. We found that the growth rate of the Ad-PML-infected DU145 and LNCaP cells were significantly inhibited. A tumorigenicity test in nude mice showed that the Ad-PML-treated DU145 cells failed to form tumors. Most importantly, direct injection of Ad-PML into DU145-induced tumors was able to repress tumor growth in nude mice by 64%. Taken together, these data indicate that PML is a tumor growth suppressor in prostate cancer and that Ad-PML may be a potential candidate for human prostate cancer therapy.
A Simulation Study of a New Green BitTorrent (2009)

The use of P2P technologies, such as BitTorrent, to distribute legal content to consumers is actively being explored as a means of reducing both file download times and the energy consumption of data centers. This approach pushes the energy use out of the data centers and into the homes of content consumers (who are also then content distributors). The current BitTorrent protocol requires that clients must be fully powered-on to be participating members in a swarm. In this paper, we show that simple changes to the BitTorrent protocol, including long-lived knowledge of sleeping peers and a new wake-up semantic, can enable clients to sleep when not actively downloading or uploading yet still be responsive swarm members. Using ns-2 we simulate a green BitTorrent swarm. We show that significant energy savings are achievable with only a small performance penalty in increased file download time.
Effects of fungicide dose and mixtures on selection for triazole resistance in <i>Mycosphaerella graminicola</i> under field conditions (2006)

The effects of varying doses of fungicides, alone or in mixtures, on selection for triazole resistance were examined under field conditions. Two experiments were conducted using the triazole fungicide fluquinconazole with the strobilurin fungicide azoxystrobin as a mixture partner. Inoculated wheat plots with a known ratio of more sensitive to less sensitive isolates of the leaf blotch fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola were sprayed with fungicide and sampled once symptoms had appeared. Selection for fluquinconazole resistance increased in proportion to the dose, up to one‐half of the full dose (the maximum tested) in both experiments. At the higher doses of fluquinconazole, the addition of azoxystrobin was associated with a decrease in selection (nonsignificant in the first experiment) for triazole resistance. Control by low doses of fluquinconazole was increased by mixture with azoxystrobin, but at higher doses mixture with azoxystrobin sometimes decreased control, so that reduced selection was obtained at the cost of some reduction in control. The effects on resistance are not necessarily general consequences of mixing fungicides, and suggest that the properties of any specific mixture may need to be demonstrated experimentally. Selection was inversely related to control in the unmixed treatments in both experiments, but the relationship was weaker in the mixtures with azoxystrobin.
Syntheses and Properties of Fluorous Quaternary Phosphonium Salts that Bear Four Ponytails; New Candidates for Phase Transfer Catalysts and Ionic Liquids (2006)

Abstract The fluorous tertiary phosphine [R f6 (CH 2 ) 2 ] 3 P [R f n =CF 3 (CF 2 ) n −1 ] and excess PhCH 2 Br, CH 3 (CH 2 ) 3 OSO 2 CF 3 , or R f6 (CH 2 ) 2 OSO 2 CF 3 react (CF 3 C 6 H 5 , 45–110 °C) to give the phosphonium salts (PhCH 2 )[R f6 (CH 2 ) 2 ] 3 P + Br − ( 2 , 71 %), [CH 3 (CH 2 ) 3 ][R f6 (CH 2 ) 2 ] 3 P + CF 3 SO 3 − ( 3 , 65 %), or [R f6 (CH 2 ) 2 ] 4 P + CF 3 SO 3 − ( 4 , 83 %). The phosphines [R f6 (CH 2 ) 2 ] 2 [R f8 (CH 2 ) 2 ]P and [R f8 (CH 2 ) 2 ] 3 P are similarly elaborated with R f6 (CH 2 ) 2 I, R f8 (CH 2 ) 2 I, or R f8 (CH 2 ) 2 Br (DMF, 115 °C) to [R f8 (CH 2 ) 2 ] 4‐ x [R f6 (CH 2 ) 2 ] x P + I − ( x =3, 7 ; 2, 8 ; 1, 9 ; 0, 10 ) or [R f8 (CH 2 ) 2 ] 4 P + Br − (80–60 %). The salts exhibit melting points between 110 °C and 43 °C, with lower values favored by less symmetrical cations, R f6 segments, and triflate and bromide anions. Solubilities decrease in the solvent sequence CF 3 C 6 F 5 (all salts at least moderately soluble, room temperature)>acetone>THF>CF 3 C 6 H 5 >CF 3 C 6 F 11 >CH 3 C 6 H 5 , Et 2 O, CH 2 Cl 2 , hexane (all salts insoluble at elevated temperatures); some appreciably increase upon heating. Partition coefficients are very biased towards fluorous phases (>93:<7). The salts can be quite efficient at extracting picrate from water into CF 3 C 6 F 5 (97–86 % for 2 , 4 , 9 , 10 ) or CF 3 C 6 H 5 (85–66 % for 2 ‐ 4 ), demonstrating their potential for phase transfer catalysis. A CF 3 C 6 F 5 solution of R f8 (CH 2 ) 3 I and aqueous NaCl react at 100 °C in the presence (but not the absence) of 9 to give R f8 (CH 2 ) 3 Cl.
Effects on <i>in vitro</i> tumor growth of murine macrophages isolated from sarcoma lines differing in immunogenicity and metastasizing capacity (1978)

Abstract Macrophages were isolated from the strongly immunogenic, non‐metastasizing FS6 sarcoma transplanted in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice and from a weakly immunogenic, spontaneously metastasizing line (mFS6) of the same tumor. Macrophages isolated from the FS6 sarcoma non‐specifically inhibited growth and DNA synthesis of tumor cells in vitro . After culture FS6 macrophages rapidly lost their cytotoxic activity and became capable of non‐specifically stimulating tumor growth in vitro . Macrophages obtained from the mFS6 tumor non‐specifically enhanced the proliferative activity of tumor target cells and this capacity was maintained when the macrophages were cultured.
An Eikenella corrodens toxin detected by plaque toxin-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (1996)

Bacterial plaque from the gingival region of teeth contains cytotoxic agents which lyse undifferentiated human HL60 cells. A small panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) was found to abrogate much of this activity and to detect antigens in certain strains of Streptococcus mitis and Eikenella corrodens. The aim of this study was to determine whether these bacterial antigens might be involved in HL60 cells cytolysis. Saline extracts were obtained by homogenizing washed, stationary-phase cells in 65 mM NaCl with a tight-fitting Potter-Elvehjem homogenizer. The extracts of E. corrodens were toxic to HL60 cells, whereas similar extracts of S. mitis were nontoxic. Adding plaque toxin-neutralizing MAb 3hE5 blocked the toxic effect of E. corrodens extract S. mitis extracts contained a single, strongly reactive antigen of 140 kDa (s140K antigen) detected on Western blots (immunoblots) by three MAbs from the panel. Rabbit antibodies raised to this antigen excised from the gel (anti-s140K serum) detected larger antigens in addition to s140K. E. corrodens extracts contained a number of antigens detected by the MAbs. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) was purified from anti-s140K serum by passage through DE52 cellulose. A 100-fold excess (by weight) of the purified IgG to E. corrodens protein specifically cross-precipitated an 80-kDa antigen plus a nonantigenic 16-kDa protein, presumably attached noncovalently. The remaining supernatant fraction had no toxic activity. A similar ratio of control IgG (from nonimmunized rabbits) did not precipitate these proteins, and the supernatant fraction had the same activity as the extract not treated with IgG. The proteins of 80 and 16 kDa were also detected in the anti-s140K immunoprecipitate by rabbit IgG antibodies to E. corrodens whole cells. The 80-kDa antigen, alone or complexed with the 16-kDa protein, may be involved in mediating the toxic activity in E. corrodens and plaque extracts.
An instrument for measuring circular dichroism simultaneously at all wavelengths in a limited spectral range (1991)

An instrument is described for the simultaneous measurement of circular dichroism at all wavelengths in a limited spectral range. A polychromator and a charge-coupled device (CCD), serving as multichannel sensor, are arranged behind the sample cell, which is located close to the entrance slit, in contrast to the arrangement of a monochromator before the cell and using a photomultiplier as radiation detector, as usual until now. The CCD with low-noise electronics is driven by the system clock of a microprocessing unit controlled by a quartz oscillator and works fully synchronously with modulation and acquisition cycles. This leads to a high suppression of noise and systematic deviations. An electro-optic modulator with approximately rectangular excitation voltage is used. Partial CD spectra over the range of 80 nm each down to 200 nm have been recorded. The detection of a smaller amount of substance is possible than with other modern commercial instruments such as a JASCO J-600, with the same signal-to-noise ratio.
Infrared measurements in annealed molecular beam epitaxy GaAs grown at low temperature (1995)

We have utilized an infrared absorption technique to study deep level defects in molecular beam epitaxy GaAs grown at 250 °C. From an observed broad absorption band below the conduction edge, the concentration of defects is estimated to be ≊5×1019 cm−3 in an as-grown sample. The concentration of defects decreases exponentially by one order of magnitude due to annealing of the sample at temperatures of 400–500 °C. From the temperature dependence of the defect concentration, the migration energy of defects is calculated to be 0.52±0.02 eV. The measured migration energy shows that part of the defects are arsenic interstitials.
Beyond the stars (2009)

In this paper we show that the extraction of opinions from free-text reviews can improve the accuracy of movie recommendations. We present three approaches to extract movie aspects as opinion targets and use them as features for the collaborative filtering. Each of these approaches requires different amounts of manual interaction. We collected a data set of reviews with corresponding ordinal (star) ratings of several thousand movies to evaluate the different features for the collaborative filtering. We employ a state-of-the-art collaborative filtering engine for the recommendations during our evaluation and compare the performance with and without using the features representing user preferences mined from the free-text reviews provided by the users. The opinion mining based features perform significantly better than the baseline, which is based on star ratings and genre information only.
Second-order kinematic control of robot manipulators with Jacobian damped least-squares inverse: theory and experiments (1997)

This paper describes the application of a closed-loop inverse kinematics algorithm to kinematic control of a robot manipulator. The scheme is formulated at the second-order level, i.e., in terms of velocity and acceleration variables, so as to allow the use of joint space computed torque control. A damped least-squares inverse of the Jacobian is used to ensure feasible joint motion in the neighborhood of kinematic singularities. The theoretical analysis of algorithm convergence is performed on the basis of a Lyapunov argument. The results of experiments on a six-joint industrial robot with open control architecture are presented.
Thrombomodulin as an intravascular safeguard against inflammatory and thrombotic diseases (2015)

Thrombomodulin exerts anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory effects, in part through activated protein C (APC)-dependent mechanisms. Although recombinant human APC (rhAPC) failed to improve the survival of patients with septic shock and has now been withdrawn from the market, rTM may have some advantages over rhAPC. First, rTM may have less risk of bleeding complications than rhAPC, because rTM needs thrombin to act as an anticoagulant and thus its anticoagulant power can be automatically adjusted by the amount of existing thrombin. Second, the APC-independent actions of rTM might confer benefits, including the suppression of complements, endotoxin (representative pathogen-associated molecular pattern) and high-mobility group box 1 protein (prototypical damage-associated molecular pattern) through the lectin-like domain of rTM.
Mononuclear three-coordinate copper(I) complexes: synthesis, structure, and reaction with carbon monoxide (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMononuclear three-coordinate copper(I) complexes: synthesis, structure, and reaction with carbon monoxideThomas N. Sorrell and Mitchell R. MalachowskiCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1983, 22, 13, 1883–1887Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00155a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00155a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views521Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Microsputterer with integrated ion-drag focusing for additive manufacturing of thin, narrow conductive lines (2018)

We report the design, modelling, and proof-of-concept demonstration of a continuously fed, atmospheric-pressure microplasma metal sputterer that is capable of printing conductive lines narrower than the width of the target without the need for post-processing or lithographic patterning. Ion drag-induced focusing is harnessed to print narrow lines; the focusing mechanism is modelled via COMSOL Multiphysics simulations and validated with experiments. A microplasma sputter head with gold target is constructed and used to deposit imprints with minimum feature sizes as narrow as 9 µm, roughness as small as 55 nm, and electrical resistivity as low as 1.1 µΩ · m.
Targeting the Ras palmitoylation/depalmitoylation cycle in cancer (2017)

The Ras proteins are well-known drivers of many cancers and thus represent attractive targets for the development of anticancer therapeutics. Inhibitors that disrupt the association of the Ras proteins with membranes by blocking the addition of the farnesyl lipid moiety to the Ras C-terminus failed in clinical trials. Here, we explore the possibility of targeting a second lipid modification, S-acylation, commonly referred to as palmitoylation, as a strategy to disrupt the membrane interaction of specific Ras isoforms. We review the enzymes involved in adding and removing palmitate from Ras and discuss their potential roles in regulating Ras tumorigenesis. In addition, we examine other proteins that affect Ras protein localization and may serve as future drug targets.
Accelerated formation of the boron–oxygen complex in p‐type Czochralski silicon (2015)

This Letter reports on the acceleration of the rate of formation of the boron–oxygen defect in p‐type Czochralski silicon with illumination intensities in excess of 2.1 × 10 17 photons/cm 2 /s. It is observed that increased light intensities greatly enhance the rate of defect formation, without increasing the saturation concentration of the defect. These results suggest a dependence of the defect formation rate upon the total majority carrier concentration. Finally, a method using temperatures up to 475 K and an illumination intensity of 1.68 × 10 19 photons/cm 2 /s is shown to result in near‐complete defect formation within seconds. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Immunomodulators in the treatment of cutaneous lymphoma (1999)

Cutaneous lymphoma is sensitive to immunointerventions. This approach should be used in early stages of the disease when it is more susceptible and benefits better from immunomodulatory treatment modalities.
Tumor Resistance to Alkylating Agents Conferred by Mechanisms Operative Only in Vivo (1990)

EMT-6 murine mammary tumors were made resistant to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP), carboplatin, cyclophosphamide (CTX), or thiotepa in vivo by treatment of tumor-bearing animals with the drug during a 6-month period. In spite of high levels of in vivo resistance, no significant resistance was observed when the cells from these tumors were exposed to the drugs in vitro. The pharmacokinetics of CDDP and CTX were altered in animals bearing the respective resistant tumors. The resistance of all tumor lines except for the EMT-6/thiotepa decreased during 3 to 6 months in vivo passage in the absence of drugs. These results indicate that very high levels of resistance to anticancer drugs can develop through mechanisms that are expressed only in vivo.
Agonist peptide modulates T cell selection thresholds through qualitative and quantitative shifts in CD8 co-receptor expression (1997)

Engagement of the TCR is a pivotal step in thymocyte development, ultimately resulting in the survival (positive selection) or loss (negative selection) of developing T cells. The roles of peptides and stromal cell interactions necessary for these selection events, however, are still poorly understood. To investigate the effects of agonist peptide in positive selection, we used a novel cell suspension model for in vitro thymic positive selection in adults. Target thymocytes from H-2Db-restricted TCR transgenic mice, specific to the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) peptide bred on a non-selecting MHC background (H-2d or TAP-1-/-), were co-cultured with freshly isolated H-2b thymic stromal cells. In the presence of selecting stroma the nominal agonist LCMV peptide induced apoptosis at high concentrations and at low concentrations enhanced the efficiency of positive selection both in numbers of cells 'rescued' and kinetics of appearance of selected single-positive cells. We further illustrate down-modulation of CD8 alpha beta or CD8 beta at high but non-deleting concentrations of agonist peptide. This highlights the ability of the T cell, within the window of positive selection, to modify surface co-receptors both qualitatively and quantitatively in response to increasing avidity TCR-peptide-MHC interactions. The direct consequence of this would be to lower the total signaling events below the threshold for apoptosis induction. Hence if self peptide were not presented in sufficient quantities in the thymus, autoreactive cells may escape deletion and may actually be positively selected.
Mesozoic and cenozoic chronostratigraphy and cycles of sea level change (1989)

Sequence-stratigraphic concepts are used to identify genetically related strata and their bounding regional unconformities, or their correlative conformities, in seismic, well-log, and outcrop data. Documentation and age dating of these features in marine outcrops in different parts of the world have led to a new generation of Mesozoic and Cenozoic sea-level cycle charts with greater event resolution than that obtainable from seismic data alone. The cycles of sea-level change, interpreted from the rock record, are tied to an integrated chronostratigraphy that combines state-of-the-art geochronologic, magnetostratigraphic and biostratigraphic data. In this article we discuss the reasoning behind integrated chronostratigraphy and list the sources of data used to establish this framework. Once this framework has been constructed, the depositional sequences from sections around the world, interpreted as having been formed in response to sea-level fluctuations, can be tied into the chronostratigraphy.

Four cycle charts summarizing the chronostratigraphy, coastal-onlap patterns, and sea-level curves for the Cenozoic, Cretaceous, Jurassic, and Triassic are presented. A large-scale composite-cycle chart for the Mesozoic and Cenozoic is also included (in pocket). The relative magnitudes of sea-level falls, interpreted from sequence boundaries, are classified as major, medium, and minor, as are the condensed sections associated with the intervals of sediment starvation on the shelf and slope during the phase of maximum shelf flooding during each cycle. Generally, only the sequence boundaries produced by major and some medium-scale sea-level falls can be recognized at the level of seismic stratigraphic resolution; detailed well-log and/or outcrop studies are usually necessary to resolve the minor sequences.
Sistema de gestión de redes: diez años de desarrollo; Networt Management System : Ten Years of Development (2011)

En este trabajo se resume a través de los diez módulos más significativos el desarrollo que ha tenido el<br />Sistema de Gestión de Redes en los diez años desde su aprobación. Se identifican las ventajas más<br />significativas que se logran con su implementación   In this work we analyze through the 10 most significant modules the development of the Networks<br />Management System in 10 years from his approval, identifying the most significant advantages that our<br />organization has achieved by his implementation.
Two Crystal Phases in the Superconducting Ba-Y-Cu-O System and Their Reactivity to Water (1987)

Crystals with a stoichiometry either Ba 2 YCu 3- x O 7- y or Ba 4 YCu 2 O 8- y are a high t c superconductor. The former is well known. With respect to the latter the crystal structure was determined to be tetragonal with lattice parameters a =5.78 Å and c =7.99 Å. It was found that both of them reacted with water. The former was slowly decomposed by warmed water at about 35°C, while the latter was destroyed at room temperature in an instant.
Kaposi's sarcoma of the colon in a young HIV-negative man with chronic ulcerative colitis (1989)

In the United States, visceral Kaposi's sarcoma most commonly occurs in association with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The authors report a unique case of primary colonic Kaposi's sarcoma in a young heterosexual HIV-negative man with chronic ulcerative colitis.