gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed and Dynamic Clustering For News Events (2018)

The primary consumption of news is now increasingly online and has resulted in a large volume of online news from varied news outlets. Consequently news aggregators have become popular for clustering, ranking and personalization of news which process millions of news articles each day. In addition, since news articles stream constantly, there is a need for a scalable event-based system which can facilitate news mining in an online fashion. To address these challenges, we propose a distributed framework to process news articles and cluster them to facilitate many news mining tasks. The core of our system is a novel and scalable distributed clustering algorithm using Locality Sensitive Hashing which is robust to outliers and noise. In addition, we also propose an online version of the clustering algorithm to dynamically maintain the news event clusters. We implement the proposed solution on Apache Spark. Using a large news collection with over 8 million news articles, we show that our approach outperforms widely-used clustering techniques such as K-Means both in run time and clustering quality.
Magical thinking in data mining (2001)

CoIL challenge 2000 was a supervised learning contest that attracted 43 entries. The authors of 29 entries later wrote explanations of their work. This paper discusses these reports and reaches three main conclusions. First, naive Bayesian classifiers remain competitive in practice: they were used by both the winning entry and the next best entry. Second, identifying feature interactions correctly is important for maximizing predictive accuracy: this was the difference between the winning classifier and all others. Third and most important, too many researchers and practitioners in data mining do not appreciate properly the issue of statistical significance and the danger of overfitting. Given a dataset such as the one for the CoIL contest, it is pointless to apply a very complicated learning algorithm, or to perform a very time-consuming model search. In either ease, one is likely to overfit the training data and to fool oneself in estimating predictive accuracy and in discovering useful correlations.
Driver monitoring for a human-centered driver assistance system (2006)

Driving is a very complex task which, at its core, involves the interaction between the driver and his/her environment. It is therefore extremely important to develop driver assistance systems that are centered around the driver from the ground up. In this paper, we explore one aspect of such a system. Specifically, we focus on monitoring the driver's face and facial regions. We demonstrate a real-world system for tracking face and facial regions and provide insight as to it importance and placement in human-centered driver assistance systems. Result demonstrating its impact on driver assistance systems as well as its performance in real-world driving scenarios are shown.
Factors in daily physical activity related to calcaneal mineral density in men (1995)

To determine the factors in daily physical activity that influence the mineral density of the calcaneus, we recorded walking steps and the type and duration of exercise in 43 healthy 26-to 51-yr-old men. Areal (g.cm-2) calcaneal bone mineral density (CBMD) was measured by single energy x-ray densitometry (SXA, Osteon, Inc., Wahiawa, HI). Subjects walked a mean (+/- SD) of 7902 (+/- 2534) steps per day or approximately 3.9 (+/- 1.2) miles daily. Eight subjects reported no exercise activities. The remaining 35 subjects spent 143 (2-772) (median and range) min.wk-1 exercising. Twenty-eight men engaged in exercise activities that generate single leg peak vertical ground reaction forces (GRFz) of 2 or more body weights (high loaders, HL), and 15 reported exercise or daily activities that typically generate GRFz less than 1.5 body weights (low loaders, LL). CBMD was 12% higher in HL than LL (0.668 +/- 0.074 g.cm-2 vs 0.597 +/- 0.062 g.cm-2, P < 0.004). In the HL group, CBMD correlated to reported minutes of high load exercise (r = 0.41, P < 0.03). CBMD was not related to the number of daily walking steps (N = 43, r = 0.03, NS). The results of this study support the concept that the dominant factor in daily physical activity relating to bone mineral density is the participation in site specific high loading activities, i.e., for the calcaneus, high calcaneal loads.
User-centric viewpoint computation for haptic exploration and manipulation (2001)

We present several techniques for user-centric viewing of the virtual objects or datasets under haptic exploration and manipulation. Depending on the type of tasks performed by the user, our algorithms compute automatic placement of the user viewpoint to navigate through the scene, to display the near-optimal views, and to reposition the viewpoint for haptic visualization. This is accomplished by conjecturing the user's intent based on the user's actions, the object geometry, and intra- and inter-object occlusion relationships. These algorithms have been implemented and interfaced with both a 3-DOF and a 6-DOF PHANToM arms. We demonstrate their application on haptic exploration and visualization of a complex structure, as well as multiresolution modeling and 3D painting with a haptic interface.
Inhibition of adhesion of Escherichia coli K88 to piglet ileal mucus by Lactobacillus spp (1993)

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli K88 colonizing the piglet ileum adhere to the mucosa by K88 fimbrial appendages. A recent study in our laboratory has implicated indigenous lactobacilli in the suppression of the colonization potential of enteropathogenic E. coli as measured by adhesion to ileal mucus. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus spp. of porcine origin on the adhesion of K88 fimbriae of E. coli. With an in vitro assay, the adhesion of E. coli K88ab strain G1108E and E. coli K88ac strain 1107 to 35-day-old piglet ileal mucus was studied in the presence of spent culture fluid of Lactobacillus spp. Detailed studies focused specifically on culture fluid of Lactobacillus fermentum 104R. Subsequently, the ileal mucus was exposed to the retentate of the spent culture fluid after dialysis and fractionation. Adhesion was confirmed to be attributable to K88 fimbriae when K88-specific monoclonal antibodies and isogenic mutants of E. coli K-12 with and without the plasmid containing the K88 gene were used. The active component was characterized by pretreatment of dialysis retentate with heat, periodate, pronase, and centrifugation, as well as by growth of the lactobacillus in various media and by assays at both 0 and 37 degrees C. All three lactobacilli of porcine origin reduced adhesion of E. coli K88 by approximately 50%. Inhibition occurred when mucus was pretreated with either spent culture dialysis retentate or the void volume (fraction of > 250,000 molecular weight) after gel filtration. The activity of the dialysis retentate was sensitive to pronase, but there was still activity at 0 degrees C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Multi-channel electrochemical detection system based on labVIEW (2005)

In this work the design, construction, control and applications of a computerized portable multichannel detection system suitable for electrochemical measurements was developed. The detection system is based on integrated eight homemade miniature potentiostat powered by two 9V batteries. The electrochemical control programme, developed in LabVIEW 6.0, generated the modulation signal, scanned the potential of the working electrode, acquired the current and displayed the results in the form of a voltammogram. The small dimensions, battery operation and inexpensive electronic components make this electrochemical detection system ideal for in situ or field measurements. The utility of the detection system was assessed for the simultaneous determination of four biosensors response to potassium ferricyanide by amperometric and cyclic voltammetry method.
Electrical and optical properties of graphene mono- and multi-layers; towards graphene-based optoelectronics (2010)

Graphene, a newly discovered material with unusual electrical and optical properties, has attracted interest for a number of potential applications. One of the most actively pursued applications is using graphene as a transparent conducting electrode for use in solar cells, diplays or touch screens. In this work, two studies are pursued in parallel to explore the electrical and optical properties of graphene. Graphene was prepared on copper by the standard chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method [1], the preparation procedure and conditions are described in [2]. The effect of chemical p-type doping on graphene stacks was studied in order to reduce the sheet resistance of graphene. The doping decreases the sheet resistance by a factor of 3, yielding films comprised of eight stacked layers with a sheet resistance of 90 Ω/ at a transmittance of 80% [2]. A theoretical model that accurately describes the stacked graphene film system as a resistor network was also developed [2]. The experimental data shows a linear increase in conductivity with the number of graphene layers, indicating that each layer provides an additional transport channel, in good agreement with the theoretical model (Fig. 1)
Nanoscale electrode arrays produced with microscale lithographic techniques for use in biomedical sensing applications (2013)

A novel technique for the production of nanoscale electrode arrays that uses standard microfabrication processes and micron-scale photolithography is reported here in detail. These microsquare nanoband edge electrode (MNEE) arrays have been fabricated with highly reproducible control of the key array dimensions, including the size and pitch of the individual elements and, most importantly, the width of the nanoband electrodes. The definition of lateral features to nanoscale dimensions typically requires expensive patterning techniques that are complex and low-throughput. However, the fabrication methodology used here relies on the fact that vertical dimensions (i.e. layer thicknesses) have long been manufacturable at the nanoscale using thin film deposition techniques that are well established in mainstream microelectronics. The authors report for the first time two aspects that highlight the particular suitability of these MNEE array systems for probe monolayer biosensing. The first is simulation, which shows the enhanced sensitivity to the redox reaction of the solution redox couple. The second is the enhancement of probe film functionalisation observed for the probe film model molecule, 6-mercapto-1-hexanol compared with microsquare electrodes. Such surface modification for specific probe layer biosensing and detection is of significance for a wide range of biomedical and other sensing and analytical applications.
A survey of spacecraft formation flying guidance and control (part 1): guidance (2004)

This paper provides a comprehensive survey of spacecraft formation flying guidance (FTG). Here by the term guidance we mean both path planning and optimal, open loop control design.
Natuurherstel: ecologische en filosofische dimensies (2008)

De oprichting van een leerstoel die zich richt op natuurherstel is tekenend voor de ontwikkelingen die zich in het Nederlandse natuurbehoud hebben voorgedaan. Als gevolg van sterk toegenomen schadelijke invloeden van buitenaf (verdroging, verzuring, vermesting en versnippering) hebben veel Nederlandse natuurgebieden ingrijpende schade geleden. De moderne natuurbeheerder is daarom niet langer conservator, hij moet ook heelmeester zijn. De bijzondere leerstoel ecologie van het natuurherstel heeft zich vooral gericht op hoogveen en duinsystemen en heeft zowel aandacht besteed aan de natuurwetenschappelijke als de filosofische dimensies van natuurherstel
Lymph node architecture preceding and following 6 months of potent antiviral therapy: follicular hyperplasia persists in parallel with p24 antigen Restoration after involution and CD4 cell depletion in an AIDS patient (1999)

Follicular hyperplasia and cell activation, possibly caused by persistent viral protein in germinal centers, may help explain why HIV viremia rebounds so rapidly after the interruption of HAART. Restoration of architecture may follow the treatment of patients with AIDS who initially had involuted and CD4 cell-depleted lymph nodes.
Noise in Orthogonally Pumped Fiber-Optical Parametric Amplifiers (2007)

The noise figure (NF) of a fiber-optical parametric amplifier, driven by pumps with orthogonal polarizations, is quantified experimentally. It is shown that this amplifier has a signal-polarization-dependent gain, with a corresponding polarization-dependent NF. The polarization dependence of the NF is particularly large when higher input-signal powers are amplified, in which case pump-induced noise dominates. At lower input-signal powers, the NF is less dependent on the input polarization, but increases closer to the lower-frequency pump
3-D/2-D registration of CT and MR to X-ray images (2003)

A crucial part of image-guided therapy is registration of preoperative and intraoperative images, by which the precise position and orientation of the patient's anatomy is determined in three dimensions. This paper presents a novel approach to register three-dimensional (3-D) computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) images to one or more two-dimensional (2-D) X-ray images. The registration is based solely on the information present in 2-D and 3-D images. It does not require fiducial markers, intraoperative X-ray image segmentation, or timely construction of digitally reconstructed radiographs. The originality of the approach is in using normals to bone surfaces, preoperatively defined in 3-D MR or CT data, and gradients of intraoperative X-ray images at locations defined by the X-ray source and 3-D surface points. The registration is concerned with finding the rigid transformation of a CT or MR volume, which provides the best match between surface normals and back projected gradients, considering their amplitudes and orientations. We have thoroughly validated our registration method by using MR, CT, and X-ray images of a cadaveric lumbar spine phantom for which "gold standard" registration was established by means of fiducial markers, and its accuracy assessed by target registration error. Volumes of interest, containing single vertebrae L1-L5, were registered to different pairs of X-ray images from different starting positions, chosen randomly and uniformly around the "gold standard" position. CT/X-ray (MR/ X-ray) registration, which is fast, was successful in more than 91% (82% except for L1) of trials if started from the "gold standard" translated or rotated for less than 6 mm or 17 degrees (3 mm or 8.6 degrees), respectively. Root-mean-square target registration errors were below 0.5 mm for the CT to X-ray registration and below 1.4 mm for MR to X-ray registration.
TDMA based packet data system standard and deployment (2003)

The introduction of packet data transfer over cellular radio systems will be yet another milestone in the development of wireless communications. Success of the technology will, however, depend on the operators' enthusiasm to deploy the system and the users' experience about the service performance. This paper presents the achievements of TDMA based packet radio standards development and describe the path that has led to the converged TDMA packet radio standard. After the overview of the key features of the technology, this paper addresses efficient re-use planning and novel ideas for control channel arrangements. The results of the evaluation of the proposed deployment are shown.
The Authentication of Basmati Rice Using near Infrared Spectroscopy (1993)

The feasibility of using near infrared transmission spectroscopy to discriminate between Basmati and other long-grain rice samples was investigated. A discriminant rule was derived using the Fisher linear discriminant function calculated from the first few principal component scores of the NIR spectra. The discriminant rule was assessed by cross-validation. Nine Basmati and 53 other rice samples were classified correctly from NIR spectra measured on 200 g bulk samples but 8% of the Basmatis and 14% of the others were misclassified on the basis of spectra of individual grains. Using average spectra from 23 grains resulted in correct classification of 16 Basmatis but a 20% error rate on 100 other samples.
Effectiveness of <i>Rhizobium</i> Strains Used in Inoculants after Their Introduction into Soil (1985)

Rhizobium strains used in inoculants for Trifolium spp., Medicago spp., Glycine max, and Lotus pedunculatus were isolated from nodules of these legumes grown in soils into which the rhizobia had been introduced 4 to 8 years before. Isolations were made from a total of 420 nodules. Nodule occupancy by the inoculant strains varied from 17.7% for a soybean strain to 100% in the case of L. pedunculatus whose specific rhizobia did not occur in the soils studied. In general, inoculant strains isolated from nodules did not differ in effectiveness from cultures of the same strains concurrently maintained in lyophilized form. The average effectiveness of all of the isolates (identified and unidentified) from a legume was 7.1 to 73.3% higher than that of the unidentified isolates alone, demonstrating the prolonged effect that a single-seed inoculation has on the rhizobial population in a soil which had not been planted with legumes before. Relatively weak recovery of a Rhizobium japonicum strain introduced into soil 4 years after soybean seed inoculated with a different strain had been planted in the same soil confirmed the advantage of a resident population over an introduced inoculant strain.
<title>Measurement of strains by means of electro-optics holography</title> (1991)

The use of a TV camera as a recording medium and the observation of whole field displacements in real time makes holographic TV a very interesting and powerful tool in a variety of areas from NDE to research and development. The paper presents new developments in the field that add to the versatility of the technique by introducing portability and methods to obtain accurate quantitative results. Examples of applications are given to the measurement of strains both at room and at high temperatures and strain measurements at the microscopic level. 1.
Cell Division Cycle 7 Is a Novel Regulator of Transforming Growth Factor-β-induced Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation (2012)

Smooth muscle cell (SMC) differentiation and proliferation occur simultaneously during embryonic development. The underlying mechanisms especially common factors regulating both processes, however, remain largely unknown. The present study has identified cell division cycle 7 (Cdc7) as one of the factors mediating both the proliferation and SMC differentiation. TGF-β induces Cdc7 expression and phosphorylation in the initial phase of SMC differentiation of pluripotent mesenchymal C3H10T1/2 cells. Cdc7 specific inhibitor or shRNA knockdown suppresses TGF-β-induced expression of SMC early markers including α-SMA, SM22α, and calponin. Cdc7 overexpression, on the other hand, enhances SMC marker expression. Cdc7 function in inducing SMC differentiation is independent of Dumbbell former 4 or Dbf4, the catalytic subunit of Cdc7 critical for cell proliferation, suggesting that Cdc7 mediates SMC differentiation through a mechanism distinct from cell proliferation. Cdc7 regulates SMC differentiation via activating SMC marker gene transcription. Knockdown of Cdc7 by shRNA inhibits SMC marker gene promoter activities. Mechanistically, Cdc7 interacts with Smad3 to induce SMC differentiation. Smad3 is required for Cdc7 function in inducing SMC promoter activities and marker gene expression. Likewise, Cdc7 enhances Smad3 binding to SMC marker promoter via supporting Smad3 nuclear retention and physically interacting with Smad3. Taken together, our studies have demonstrated a novel role of Cdc7 in SMC differentiation.
Analysis of cohesin architecture and function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (2007)

In this thesis I have undertaken a detailed molecular analysis of a conserved protein complex instrumental in genome stability. I have used the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in conjunction with FRET (Fluorescence resonance energy transfer) to come up with a refined molecular architecture of the cohesin complex. This analysis involved the construction of an extensive panel of strains combining pair-wise FRET donor and acceptor fluorophores on subunits of the cohesin complex. This study has revealed many new and interesting insights into the functioning of the complex, which would not have been possible by many conventional biochemical techniques. For example we have shown that cohesin complexes exist as monomers using this analysis. The Sccl subunit could be mapped to the heads in a conformation somewhat different to current models. Current thinking depicts Sccl as a bridge between the otherwise distal Smcl and Smc3 heads. Here we show instead that Sccl likely adopts a conformation with its C-terminus sitting in a groove between the Smcl and Smc3 heads. It was also revealed that the Smcl and Smc3 heads are constitutively together. We also provide new information on the mode of interaction of Pds5 with the cohesin complex. Additionally I have generated mutant alleles of the Smcl and Smc3 subunits of the cohesin complex. These mutant proteins are impaired in ATP hydrolysis. Such mutants have afforded us the opportunity to assess when during the cohesin cycle ATP hydrolysis is required. I have shown that ATP hydrolysis is crucial for cohesin loading onto chromatin, with the mutant alleles showing substantially reduced kinetics of chromatin recruitment. Additionally, ATPase activity seemed not to be required for either cohesion establishment or cohesin relocation along chromosomes. This study provides us with crucial new molecular details on the functioning of the cohesin complex - a master regulator of genome stability.
High dynamic range imaging for the detection of motion. (2011)

High dynamic range imaging involves imaging at a bit depth higher than the typical 8-12 bits offered by standard video equipment. We propose a method of imaging a scene at high dynamic range, 14+ bits, to detect motion correlated with changes in the measured optical signal. Features within a scene, namely edges, can be tracked through a time sequence and produce a modulation in light levels associated with the edge moving across a region being sampled by the detector. The modulation in the signal is analyzed and a model is proposed that allows for an absolute measurement of the displacement of an edge. In addition, turbulence present in the received optical path produces a modulation in the received signal that can be directly related to the various turbulent eddy sizes. These features, present in the low frequency portion of the spectrum, are correlated to specific values for a relative measurement of the turbulence intensity. In some cases a single element sensor is used for a measurement at a single point. Video technology is also utilized to produce simultaneous measurements across the entire scene. Several applications are explored and the results discussed. Key applications include: the use of this technique to analyze the motions of bridges for the assessment of structural health, noncontact methods of measuring the blood pulse waveform and respiration rate of an individual(s), and the imaging of turbulence, including clear air turbulence, for relative values of intensity. Resonant frequencies of bridges can be measured with this technique as well as eddies formed from turbulent flow.