gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
From Online Behaviors to Offline Retailing (2016)

To combat the ease of online shopping in pajamas, offline mall owners focus increasingly on driving satisfaction and improving retention by identifying customers' preferences. However, most of these studies are based on customers' offline consuming history only. Benefiting from the internet, we can also get customers' online behaviors, such as the search logs, web browsing logs, online shopping logs, and so on. Might these seemingly irrelevant information from two different modalities (i.e. online and offline) be somehow interrelated? How can we make use of the online behaviors and offline actions jointly to promote recommendation for offline retailing? In this study, we formulate this task as a cross-modality recommendation problem, and present its solution via a proposed probabilistic graphical model, called Online-to-Offline Topic Modeling (O2OTM). Specifically, this method explicitly models the relationships between online and offline topics so that the likelihood of both online and offline behaviors is maximized. Then, the recommendation is made only based on the pairs of online and offline topics, denoted by (t,l), with high values of lift, such that the existence of the online topic $t$ greatly increases the response on the corresponding offline topic $l$ compared with the average response for the population without the online topic t. Furthermore, we evaluate this solution in both live and retrospect experiments. The real-world deployment of this model for the anniversary promotion campaign of a famous shopping mall in Beijing shows that our approach increases the occurred customer purchases per promotion message by 29.75\% compared with the baseline. Also, our model finds some interesting interpretable relationships between the online search topics and offline brand topics.
Three-dimensional tailored RF pulses for the reduction of susceptibility artifacts inT*2-weighted functional MRI (2000)

A three-dimensional tailored RF pulse method for reducing intravoxel dephasing artifacts in T *(2)-weighted functional MRI is presented. A stack of spirals k-space trajectory is employed to excite a disk of magnetization for small tip angles. Smaller disks with a linear through-plane phase are inserted into the disk to locally refocus regions which are normally dephased due to susceptibility variations. Numerical simulations and imaging experiments which use the tailored RF pulses are presented. Limitations of the method and improvements are also discussed.
18-MEA and hair appearance. (2010)

The effects of the removal of 18-MEA on the dynamic contact angle (advancing contact angle and receding contact angle) and friction force (friction force microscopy (FFM)) were examined in the present study. Chemically untreated hair tresses formed more finely ordered bundles, with the fibers aligned more parallel to each other, in the wet state, and lying flat and aligned parallel to each other in the dry state. Hair tresses in which 18-MEA had been removed by potassium t-butoxide treatment formed coarser tangled bundles and were aligned in a disorderly manner in the wet state, causing the hair to become entangled and disorderly in the dry state. This was because the 18-MEA-removed hair fibers adhered to each other and were not easy to realign in the wet state. The distorted part of the bundle dried faster and the tress shape was eventually fixed in the entangled shape. One role of 18-MEA is to allow hair fibers to lie flat and parallel with respect to each other in the wet state by providing relatively high receding contact angles and low surface friction. Hair alignment in the dry state is directly affected by hair alignment in the wet environment, particularly in the case of damaged hair.
The Influence of Polysomy 17 on HER2 Gene and Protein Expression in Adenocarcinoma of the Breast (2005)

Breast carcinomas with amplification of HER2 on chromosome 17 are associated with HER2 protein overexpression, adversely affecting prognosis and predicting response to Herceptin therapy. Chromosome 17 polysomy is encountered in assessing HER2 gene status, and its impact on HER2 gene and protein expression remains unclear. This impact was investigated in breast carcinomas identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to have a gain of chromosome 17 (CEP17+; n = 56), using a dual probe assay, which detects HER2 gene copy number and enumerates chromosome 17 (HER2/CEP17; Vysis). Cases were immunostained for HER2 protein (CB-11, Ventana), and scored blinded to FISH. A subgroup was evaluated by isotopic in situ hybridization for HER2 mRNA expression. Controls included ten HER2 amplified and ten nonamplified tumors, eusomic for chromosome 17. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for HER2 protein was negative (0 or 1+) in 69% (39 of 56), 2+ in 27% (15 of 56), and 3+ in 3% (2 of 56) of CEP17+ cases. The mean CEP17 copy number among the three groups was similar (3.1, 3.0, and 3.1 for IHC 0/1+, 2+, and 3+, respectively). Isotopic in situ hybridization for HER2 mRNA performed on 26 CEP17+ cases (16 IHC 0-1+, 10 IHC 2+ or 3+) showed no increased HER2 mRNA expression (normalized to β-actin mRNA). The mRNA expression and the IHC staining of the HER2-amplified and nonamplified controls was concordant with their FISH status. These results suggest that chromosome 17 polysomy in the absence of HER2 amplification does not have a significant biologic influence on HER2 gene expression in breast carcinoma.
Quantum cascade lasers operating from 1.2to1.6THz (2007)

Two terahertz quantum cascade lasers based on GaAs∕Al0.1Ga0.9As heterostructures are reported. Pulsed mode operation up to 84K and continuous wave (cw) power of 0.36mW at 10K are demonstrated for the laser which emits from 1.34to1.58THz. The other laser shows emission from 1.2to1.32THz with pulsed mode operation up to 69K and cw power of 0.12mW at 10K.
Dehydroacetic acid sodium salt stability in cosmetic preservative mixtures (1988)

Synopsis Dehydroacetic acid sodium salt Prevan (DHANa) stability in presence of other cosmetic preservatives as Bronopol, Germall 115 and Kathon CG was investigated through a HPLC method that permits simultaneous determination of binary and ternary mixtures of the above preservatives. A new molecule coresponding to 3,7-dimethyl-1H, 9H, 10H, dipyrano (4,3-b: 3',4'-e) pyran-1, 9-dione has been discovered to be spontaneously formed between DHA and free or released formaldehyde. Its structure has been established by means of elemental analysis, NMR and mass spectrometry aswell as its chromatographic and antimicrobial behaviour. The magnesium salt present as stabilizer in the Kathon CG solution can also cause the formation of insoluble magnesium salt from DHANa. The ascertained chemical interaction among these preservatives is therefore discussed as a function of their cosmetic application.
[Studies on acetylspiramycin. 1. Separation and chemical structures of acetylspiramycin components]. (1990)

1. A macrolide antibiotic acetylspiramycin (ASPM) was separated into seven fractions using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with Lichrosorb RP-8 and mobile phase of a mixed solvent of 0.025M phosphate ammonium (pH 7.4) and acetonitrile at a ratio of 10:18. 2. Five components were purified over 90%, and analyzed using mass spectroscopy, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR, and their chemical structures were determined as 4''-acetylspiramycin I, 4''-acetylspiramycin II, 4''-acetylspiramycin III, 3'',4''-diacetylspiramycin II and 3'',4''-diacetylspiramycin III, respectively. 3. The weight component ratio of the seven fractions of ASPM separated by HPLC was constant throughout several lots of ASPM which had been stocked for nearly 15 years at room temperature, indicating an excellent chemical stability of the antibiotic. 4. Some physicochemical parameters were determined for the five ASPM components. Solubilities in water at 24 degrees C were in a range from 0.14 mg/ml to 4.9 mg/ml, and they were, in the decreasing order, 3'',4''-diacetylspiramycin III, 3'',4''-diacetylspiramycin I 4''-acetylspiramycin III, 4''-acetylspiramycin II, and 4''-acetylspiramycin I. Relationships between solubilities and numbers and positions of acyl substituents in spiramycin molecule are discussed.
A new wafer-level membrane transfer technique for MEMS deformable mirrors (2002)

This paper describes a new technique for transferring an entire wafer-level silicon membrane from one substrate to another. A 1 /spl mu/m thick silicon membrane, 100 mm in diameter, has been successfully transferred without using adhesives or polymers (i.e. wax, epoxy, or photoresist). Smaller or larger diameter membranes can also be transferred using this technique. The fabricated actuator membrane with an electrode gap of 1.50 /spl mu/m, shows a vertical deflection of 0.37 /spl mu/m at 55 V. The proposed technique has the following benefits over those previously reported: (1) No post-assembly release process (e.g. using HF) is required, and no wax, photoresist, or epoxy is used for the transfer purpose; (2) The bonded interface is completely isolated from any acid, etchant, or solvent, which ensures a clean and flat membrane surface; (3) It offers the capability of transferring wafer-level membranes over deformable actuators.
Applying Blockchain Technology for Health Information Exchange and Persistent Monitoring for Clinical Trials. (2018)

"Blockchain" is a distributed ledger technology originally applied in the financial sector. This technology ensures the integrity of transactions without third-party validation. Its functions of decentralized transaction validation, data provenance, data sharing, and data integration are a good fit for the needs of health information exchange and clinical trials. We investigated the current workflow of Health Information Exchange and clinical trials; conducted design thinking processes with clinicians, trial managers, informaticians, and blockchain professionals; and implemented a private blockchain model to tackle known issues. We used coded Smart Contract regulations to simulate several scenarios in healthcare processes. This proof-of-concept work provides a feasible simulation for potential solutions to monitor clinical trials across different census regions persistently. Various levels of data access privileges have been designed to utilize a suite of customized Smart Contract settings. These settings emulate the workflow protocols for the monitoring entities, trial sponsors, clinical sponsors and participating subjects. Keywords: Blockchain, Smart Contract, Health Information Exchange, Clinical Trial, Persistent Monitoring.
Electrostatic forces in two lysozymes: Calculations and measurements of histidine pKa values (1992)

In order to examine the electrostatic forces in globular proteins, pKa values and their ionic strength dependence of His residues of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) and human lysozyme (HUML) were measured, and they were compared with those calculated numerically. pKa values of His residues in HEWL, HUML, and short oligopeptides were determined from chemical shift changes of His side chains by 1H-nmr measurements. The associated changes in pKa values in HEWL and HUML were calculated by solving the Poisson-Boltzmann equations numerically for macroscopic dielectric models. The calculated pKa changes and their ionic strength dependence agreed fairly well with the observed ones. The contribution from each residue of each alpha-helix dipole to the pKa values and their ionic strength dependence was analyzed using Green's reciprocity theorem. The results indicate that (1) the pKa of His residues are largely affected by surrounding ionized and polar groups; (2) the ionic strength dependence of the pKa values is determined by the overall charge distributions and their accessibilities to solvent; and (3) alpha-helix dipoles make a significant contribution to the pKa, when the His residue is close to the helix terminus and not fully exposed to the solvent.
Clinical Approaches to Osseous Metastases in Prostate Cancer (2003)

A number of agents exist that have the potential to palliate the effects of osseous metastases and should be routinely applied in the clinical care of the patient with advanced prostate cancer. These include hormones, bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals, chemotherapy, and bisphosphonates. Strategies under investigation aim to eradicate bone disease, and not merely palliate symptoms. These approaches combine those listed above with tumor-directed targeting of osseous disease and manipulation of the biology that underlies the cancer's relationship to bone.
[XPS study on the influence of calcination conditions to cerium ion valence]. (2010)

For the system of Ce(NO3)2.6H2O and urea solution during homogeneous precipitation method, X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectrum (IR) and especially X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to study and characterize the product structure, variety of cerium ion valence, compound surface character and kernel electronic configurations. The results of XRD and IR showed that calcination temperature had a great effect on the cerium ion valence. The products are orthorhombic Ce2 O(CO3)2.H2O with valence III by using homogeneous precipitation method directly. When heated from the temperature 200 degrees C to 250 degrees C, the product of CeO(CO3)2.H2O with valence VI was finally changed into stable CeO2 with valence IV. XPS was used to study the surface character and kernel electronic configurations of the three different compounds through fine scanning of O(1s), Ce(3d) and Ce(4d) apices, and the results approved that the compounds with different valences are caused by the different valence electronic configurations of the products.
High-efficiency GaAlAs/GaAs heterostructure solar cells grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1977)

High-efficiency GaAlAs/GaAs heterostructure solar cells have been grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MO−CVD). Simulated air-mass-zero (AM0) short-circuit current densities of 24.5 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltages of 0.99 V, fill factors of 0.74, and efficiencies of 12.8% have been measured on devices without AR coatings (uncorrected for contact area). These cell structures employ a thin (∼520Å) GaAlAs : Zn window and a GaAs : Zn/GaAs : Se p-n junction grown entirely by the MO-CVD process.
Bactericidal Activities of R207910 and Other Newer Antimicrobial Agents against <i>Mycobacterium leprae</i> in Mice (2006)

As measured by a proportional bactericidal technique in the mouse footpad system, the bactericidal activity against Mycobacterium leprae of R207910 was equal to that of rifapentine, rifampin, or moxifloxacin and significantly greater than those of minocycline, PA-824, and linezolid. These data suggest that R207910 may play an important role in treatment of leprosy.
Proposal of amplitude only logarithmic Radon transform for pattern matching - Relation with Fourier-Mellin transform - (2009)

Amplitude only logarithmic radon transform (ALR transform) for pattern matching is proposed. An ALR image is invariant even if objects are translated in a picture. In the case of object scaling and rotation, the ALR image is merely translated. The objects are identified using a phase-only matched filter on the ALR image. The differences of size, rotation angle, and position between the two objects are detected. Our pattern matching procedure is described, and its simulations are executed. We show that the Fourier-Mellin transform and our proposed method have a closed relationship and some differences.
Superhydrophobic Properties of Nonaligned Boron Nitride Nanotube Films (2009)

Superhydrophobicity is highly desirable for numerous applications. Here, we report that a semierect but nonaligned boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) film showed superhydrophobicity with contact angle above 170 degrees and a small contact angle hysteresis. This superhydrophobicity was stable over a large range of drop sizes, and the measured critical transition pressure was about 10 kPa. However, the prostrate BNNT films only showed hydrophobicity. The drop retraction behavior during evaporation, the pressure effect on contact angle, the critical transition pressure, the drop impact behavior, and the self-cleaning efficiency between these two kinds of films were systematically investigated and compared.
The fast data finder — An architecture for very high speed data search and dissemination (1984)

Advances in VLSI technology have made it practical to build special purpose processors to replace many of the sequential algorithms that are currently the bottlenecks in information processing. At TRW we have applied this approach to developing a text search and information dissemination system. The key component in this system is the Fast Data Finder, a single-chip text search engine with a pipelined architecture. The Fast Data Finder captures the common text search requirements of several major information processing applications. Its prototype version has a search speed of 4 million characters per second, independent of search condition, length, or complexity.
Where Children Drown, United States, 1995 (2001)

The variety of sites in which children drown, even within specific age groups, emphasizes the need for a multifaceted approach to prevention. Reductions in the relatively high rates of drowning among black adolescent males will require targeted interventions to prevent swimming pool drownings among this group.
Auto-sklearn: Efficient and Robust Automated Machine Learning (2019)

The success of machine learning in a broad range of applications has led to an ever-growing demand for machine learning systems that can be used off the shelf by non-experts. To be effective in practice, such systems need to automatically choose a good algorithm and feature preprocessing steps for a new dataset at hand, and also set their respective hyperparameters. Recent work has started to tackle this automated machine learning (AutoML) problem with the help of efficient Bayesian optimization methods. Building on this, we introduce a robust new AutoML system based on the Python machine learning package scikit-learn (using 15 classifiers, 14 feature preprocessing methods, and 4 data preprocessing methods, giving rise to a structured hypothesis space with 110 hyperparameters). This system, which we dub Auto-sklearn, improves on existing AutoML methods by automatically taking into account past performance on similar datasets, and by constructing ensembles from the models evaluated during the optimization. Our system won six out of ten phases of the first ChaLearn AutoML challenge, and our comprehensive analysis on over 100 diverse datasets shows that it substantially outperforms the previous state of the art in AutoML. We also demonstrate the performance gains due to each of our contributions and derive insights into the effectiveness of the individual components of Auto-sklearn.
Oxygen Therapy in Sickle Cell Disease (1992)

The effect of oxygen therapy on the number of irreversibly (ISC) and reversibly (RSC) sickled cells was studied in patients with sickle cell anemia. Inhalation of 50% oxygen in patients who were not in crisis produced a significant fall in RSCs and a lesser fall in ISCs. Twenty-five subjects in sickle cell crisis were chosen at random to receive either oxygen (15 patients) or air (10 patients). Those who received oxygen showed a significant reduction in RSCs, but not in ISCs. No significant change in RSCs or ISCs occurred in the group who received air. Despite the reduction in RSCs in the oxygen-treated group, there was no significant difference between the air and oxygen groups in the duration of severe pain, opioid administration, and hospitalization. It was also observed that crisis was associated with arterial desaturation and a reduction in the number of RSCs. We conclude that, although RSCs may be involved in the pathophysiology of sickle cell crisis, reduction in RSCs by oxygen therapy in these studies did not result in any reduction in the duration of crisis.
Influence of Amylose-Amylopectin Ratio on Properties of Extruded Starch Plastic Sheets (1997)

Abstract Starch plastic sheets were prepared by extrusion processing of mixtures of granular high-amylopectin and high-amylose starches in the presence of glycerol and water as plasticizers. Amylose content varied between 0 and 70% (w/w). Structural characterization and determination of the mechanical properties of the sheets were performed after aging the materials between 40–65% relative humidity for 2 and 35 weeks and at 90% relative humidity for two weeks. The materials were semicrystalline and viscoelastic. The materials were described as complex heterogeneous multiphase materials. They consisted of amorphous and crystalline phases of amylose and amylopectin as well as granular structures and domains of amylose, amylopectin and amylose-amylopectin helices. Single-helical type crystallinity was formed solely by amylose directly after processing while B-type crystallinity was rapidly formed in amylose-rich materials and slowly during aging of amylopectin-rich materials. The stress-strain and stress-relaxation properties were related to differences in amylose content, degree of crystallization and water content. The amorphous amylopectin rich materials were flexible and soft but showed an increase in stiffness and a decrease in elongation due to crystallization. Amylopectin-rich materials showed unfavorable relaxation, shrinkage and cracking during aging. The materials rich in amylopectin were sensitive to water content while the amylose-rich materials were not sensitive to water in the range of 9–13% (w/w). Stress-strain relaxation behaviors of the materials were dependent on starch structure and on experimental conditions such as strain rate and extension by which the ratio of elastic and viscous response were varied. An increase in relaxation times was found with increasing amylose content and water content for the materials with solely amylose crystallinity.
JTAG Architecture with Multi Level Security (2012)

For in-circuit testing and debugging JTAG (Joint Test Access Group) is one of the most powerful standard architecture of DFT (Design For Testability). But JTAG can also act as a tool for hacking and hence makes the devices vulnerable for attacks. This paper presents a Security mechanism for JTAG and hence prevents the unauthorized users from accessing the private and confidential information of a device. This method is highly compatible with the IEEE 1149.1 standard and requires no modification in the Intellectual Property of an IC. In this paper the standard JTAG Architecture with enhanced security mechanism is described using VHDL.
Diffusion coefficients of some organic and other vapors in air (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiffusion coefficients of some organic and other vapors in airG. A. LuggCite this: Anal. Chem. 1968, 40, 7, 1072–1077Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60263a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60263a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5323Altmetric-Citations368LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts