gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aircraft Trajectories Computation-Prediction-Control (La Trajectoire de l'Avion Calcul-Prediction-Controle). Volume 2 (1990)

Abstract : This volume is composed of a preface and 28 papers covering: Air traffic handling -- Integration of control phases, A future European ATC concept, On-line prediction of aircraft trajectories, Air traffic management; Guidance of aircraft in a time based constrained environment -- Context- objective-plans; Guidance and control principles and concepts, Conduct of Air Traffic Control in a Zone of Convergence, Ground-based 4-D guidance of aircraft in moving atmosphere, The Computer/controller/pilot dialogs; Surveillance -- Radar tracking and Satellite techniques; Meteorological forecasts -- Impact of forecasts quality on trajectory prediction, and Flight operations within a terminal area; Aircraft operation in air traffic handling simulation -- Realistic operation and motion of aircraft, and Flight operations within a terminal area. Keywords: Aircraft dynamics; Dynamic flight operations; Man/ computer interface; Meteorological forecasts/symposia; Simulation(ATH, ATM, ATC) ; Flight paths; Terminal area arrival paths; Time-based flight operations; Time- based terminal flow-control; 4-D Control of flight.
Microsoft Kinect-Based Artificial Perception System for Control of Functional Electrical Stimulation Assisted Grasping (2014)

We present a computer vision algorithm that incorporates a heuristic model which mimics a biological control system for the estimation of control signals used in functional electrical stimulation (FES) assisted grasping. The developed processing software acquires the data from Microsoft Kinect camera and implements real-time hand tracking and object analysis. This information can be used to identify temporal synchrony and spatial synergies modalities for FES control. Therefore, the algorithm acts as artificial perception which mimics human visual perception by identifying the position and shape of the object with respect to the position of the hand in real time during the planning phase of the grasp. This artificial perception used within the heuristically developed model allows selection of the appropriate grasp and prehension. The experiments demonstrate that correct grasp modality was selected in more than 90% of tested scenarios/objects. The system is portable, and the components are low in cost and robust; hence, it can be used for the FES in clinical or even home environment. The main application of the system is envisioned for functional electrical therapy, that is, intensive exercise assisted with FES.
Single-Ion Activity Coefficients of Gegenions in Sodium Polyacrylate (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSingle-Ion Activity Coefficients of Gegenions in Sodium PolyacrylateTsuneo Okubo, Yasuko Nishizaki, and Norio IseCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1965, 69, 11, 3690–3695Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100895a004https://doi.org/10.1021/j100895a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Minority carrier lifetime measurement in GaAs (1974)

A technique for the determination of relatively short carrier lifetimes (< 1 ns) is presented. By measuring the frequency dependence of the diffusion capacitance of a one-sided abrupt-junction GaAs diode, the minority carrier lifetime can be obtained. The method has the advantages that it is repeatable after exposing the diode to further processing, the diode can be mounted in a convenient package so that no special handling precautions are necessary, and the method can be automated.
A clinical distance measure for evaluating treatment plan quality difference with Pareto fronts in radiotherapy (2017)

We present a clinical distance measure for Pareto front evaluation studies in radiotherapy, which we show strongly correlates (r = 0.74 and 0.90) with clinical plan quality evaluation. For five prostate cases, sub-optimal treatment plans located at a clinical distance value of >0.32 (0.28–0.35) from fronts of Pareto optimal plans, were assessed to be of lower plan quality by our (12) observers (p < .05). In conclusion, the clinical distance measure can be used to determine if the difference between a front and a given plan (or between different fronts) corresponds to a clinically significant plan quality difference.
Describing disability through individual-level mixture models for multivariate binary data (2007)

Data on functional disability are of widespread policy interest in the United States, especially with respect to planning for Medicare and Social Security for a growing population of elderly adults. We consider an extract of functional disability data from the National Long Term Care Survey (NLTCS) and attempt to develop disability profiles using variations of the Grade of Membership (GoM) model. We first describe GoM as an individual-level mixture model that allows individuals to have partial membership in several mixture components simultaneously. We then prove the equivalence between individual-level and population-level mixture models, and use this property to develop a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm for Bayesian estimation of the model. We use our approach to analyze functional disability data from the NLTCS.
Measurements of gas temperature and velocity in hypervelocity flows using diode-laser sensors (1998)

Rapid measurements of temperature, velocity, and H2O partial pressures have been obtained in hypervelocity air flows generated in the Calspan 96-inch Hypersonic Shock Tunnel (Buffalo, New York) using diode-laser sensor systems developed at Stanford University. The measurements were determined from high-resolution water (H2O) and potassium (K) absorption lineshapes recorded every 100 (is by tuning the wavelengths of two DFB (InGaAsP) diode lasers and a Fabry-Perot (AlGaAs) diode laser independently at 10-kHz rates across H2O transitions (v,+v3 band) near 1392 nm and 1393 nm and potassium D, transitions (SI/2-»PI/2) near 770 nm. Two hardened probes incorporated the electro-optics required to pitch and detect the laser energy and were installed near the nozzle exit to minimize complications due to facility boundary layers. The probe targeting potassium, is a newly developed compact probe, measuring only 5 cm in overall width. Gas temperature was inferred from the Doppler width of H2O lineshapes. H2O partial pressure was determined from the measured absorbance of a single transition and the gas temperature. Gas velocities were determined from Doppler-shifted H2O and K absorption lineshapes. The measured gas temperatures and velocities were consistent with calculated steady-state values (500 K and 4.2 km/s, respectively) based on standard tunnel measurements. The results obtained demonstrate the applicability of diode-laser absorption diagnostics for direct multi-parameter measurements in the hypervelocity flowfields of high-enthalpy facilities.
Recognition and Localization of a Flat Symmetric Object from a Single Perspective Image (1994)

A flat symmetric object viewed under perspective (orthographic) projectiorl yields a convergent (skew) symmetry. Unlike skew symmetry where the axes constrain the orientation of the underlying object to lie on a hyperbola in the gradient space, for convergent symmetry the object orientation can be uniquely determined from the axis and convergent point except for some special cases. However, detection of the axis and convergent point of a convergent symmetry has not yet received much attention. We present a technique which can detect the axis and convergent point of a convergent symmetric contmour in an image using distinguished points such as bitangents, corners, and inflection points on the contour. In addition to recovering the orientation of an object directly from the axis and convergent point of its convergent symmetry, when a model database is available, our technique is also able to recognize and locate the object by using the cross ratio as an indexing function. The orientation information is also used for verification purposes. Our technique is simple, efficient, and accurate. It is also robust to noise and partial occlusion. Experimental results on real images are shown.
Potential Energy Surface and Electron Density Analysis of Phosphorus Analogues of Aromatic and Aliphatic Diazonium Ions (1993)

Abstract Potential energy surface analyses at ab initio levels including electron correlation are reported for the phosphorus analogues of diazonium ions, RXY+ with X, Y [dbnd] N, P. Protonated, methylated, and phenylated systems are compared with focus on the question regarding end-on versus edge-on coordination. Diphosphonium and phosphoazonium ions are predicted to be more stable toward dissociation than the diazonium ions. The calculated spectroscopic data may assist in their detection. Electronic density distributions of RXY+ were analyzed in a variety of ways and with a new energy decomposition method. Charge distributions are contrasted with Lewis notations. CN and CP-bonded ions show clearly distinct bonding patterns.
영국의 복지 긴축, 어떻게 볼 것인가? (2017)

금융위기 이후 보수정권이 긴축정책을 추진한 지 10년여가 지났지만 영국의 사회정책을 이렇다 저렇다 판단하기는 여전히 어렵다. 오늘날 영국의 긴축정책이 과거 영국의 긴축정책 혹은 다른 나라의 긴축정책과 다른 것인지도 불분명하다. 영국이 GDP 대비 사회지출을 크게 축소한 것은 의심의 여지가 없으나 총사회지출은 늘어났고 높은 수준의 재정적자는 꿈쩍하질 않는다. 경기침체의 파급효과는 임금 인상 억제와 불안정한 일자리의 증가로 나타났다. 역사적, 비교적 관점에서 복지 긴축이 영국의 빈곤, 불평등에 미친 영향에 대한 평가는 매우 상반된다. 한편 정책에 따른 ‘고통’의 정도에 대해서는 논쟁의 여지가 있으나 영국의 긴축정책이 국가 부채 감소에는 효과가 없는 것으로 보인다.
Role of Human Valve Interstitial Cells in Valve Calcification and Their Response to Atorvastatin (2006)

These findings suggest that human valve ICs are capable of osteoblastic differentiation, by potential mediators which can be pharmacologically targeted by atorvastatin.
Sandplay: A Psychotherapeutic Approach to the Psyche, Images of the Self: The Sandplay Therapy Process (1986)

(1986). Sandplay: A Psychotherapeutic Approach to the Psyche, Images of the Self: The Sandplay Therapy Process. Art Therapy: Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 41-42.
Treatment of Contributions of Dust to Dynamic Light Scattering Data (2002)

Laser drifts, dust, and impurities in a sample are physical reasons for offsets in both field and intensity autocorrelation functions. In this paper, a method is described by which the two offsets are determined by a variation method. Data were analyzed with the size distribution algorithm CONTIN, using the selection method of L-curves for getting the offsets and a combination of the methods of F-test, stability plot, and L-curve for getting the final solution from the corrected data. This solution was selected according to the parsimony principle, under which the preferred solution is that with the simplest size distribution. Consistency was checked by means of two additional tools. The first is the difference between the field autocorrelation function of a regularized solution and the least-squares solution, called the difference in g1, which is compared with the residuals of the least-squares solution. The second is the relative increase in variance or the discrepancy from the best fit solution. The procedure for the determination of the offsets is described by means of experimental data of high statistical accuracy from a semidilute aqueous solution of the surfactant octaethylene glycol dodecyl monoether (C12E8). The method was tested with data containing different contributions of dust and with data from different poly(ethylene glycol) n-alkyl monoethers (C12E8, C14E8, and C16E8). After correction of the data for the two offsets, the size distributions obtained from data analysis were free of elements of unstable solutions such as side peaks at the integration limits. It is shown that differences in the size characteristics of narrow monomodal distributions of about 0.3−0.4 nm can be distinguished and that two peaks of a bimodal size distribution with a size ratio of 2:1 can be resolved.
EtherCAT technology for the network of smart substation (2012)

With the increasing scale of the power system, the smart substations are becoming widely used. Substation need to complete the function of information collection, status monitoring, controlling and regulation etc. to meet the requirement of automation and intelligence. Therefore the communication of smart substation has some real-time requirements. Fieldbus for the substation can make a network connection between substations. To meet the real-time requirement, the applications of industrial Ethernet are getting widespread. EtherCAT is a kind of real-time industrial Ethernet. It has the features of high transmission rate, flexible topology type, low cost and good security, etc. Hence EtherCAT is a technology which is very suitable to the application of substations. This paper is a research of network construction in the smart substation, and gives an analysis of features of industrial Ethernet EtherCAT, especially its real-time feature.
Heterodyne electrostatic force microscopy for non-contact high frequency integrated circuit measurement (1993)

A high-resolution non-contact scanned probe potential measurement technique for integrated circuits is presented. Local potentials are extracted by sensing the electrostatic force between an energised probe and the circuit being tested. Using a nulling method, accurate magnitude measurement of high frequency signals can be performed without complex calibration.
Quercetin and Ferulic Acid Aggravate Renal Carcinoma in Long-Term Diabetic Victims (2010)

Many phytoantioxidants have therapeutic drawbacks due to their potent prooxidant bioactivity. It is hypothesized that phytoantioxidants (PAO) are beneficial only to the early-stage diabetes mellitus (DM) and will become ineffective once renopathy occurs. Gallic acid, rutin, EGCG, ferulic acid (FA), and quercetin were tried on the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM rat model for a 28 week experimental period. All of these PAO were shown to be ineffective for hypoglycemic action. The incidence of cataract (50%), injured glomerules, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was very common, among which the most severely affected involved the quercetin- and the FA-treated groups. The tumorigenicity of ferulic acid is still unclear. However, for quercetin, this can be attributted to (i) the prooxidant effect, (ii) the insulin-secretagogue bioactivity, and (iii) the competitive and noncompetitive inhibition on the O-methyltransferase to enhance the estradiol-induced tumorigenesis. Conclusively, quercetin and FA are able to aggravate, if not induce, nephrocarcinoma. It is time to reevaluate the tumorigenic detrimental effect of PAO, especially those exhibiting prooxidant bioactivity.
Monensin inhibits the processing of herpes simplex virus glycoproteins, their transport to the cell surface, and the egress of virions from infected cells (1982)

HEp-2 cells or Vero cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 were exposed to the ionophore monensin, which is thought to block the transit of membrane vesicles from the Golgi apparatus to the cell surface. We found that yields of extracellular virus were reduced to less than 0.5% of control values by 0.2 microM monensin under conditions that permitted accumulation of cell-associated infectious virus at about 20% of control values. Viral protein synthesis was not inhibited by monensin, whereas late stages in the post-translational processing of the viral glycoproteins were blocked. The transport of viral glycoproteins to the cell surface was also blocked by monensin. Although the assembly of nucleocapsids appeared to be somewhat inhibited in monensin-treated cells, electron microscopy revealed that nucleocapsids were enveloped to yield virions, and electrophoretic analyses showed that the isolated virions contained immature forms of the envelope glycoproteins. Most of the virions which were assembled in monensin-treated cells accumulated in large intracytoplasmic vacuoles, whereas most of the virions produced by and associated with untreated cells were found attached to the cell surface. Our results implicate the Golgi apparatus in the egress of herpes simplex virus from infected cells and also suggest that complete processing of the viral envelope glycoproteins is not essential for nucleocapsid envelopment or for virion infectivity.
Avon No. 8—A Supercritical-Pressure Plant (1957)

Abstract This paper describes the 250,000-kw supercritical-pressure addition to the Avon Plant of The Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company. Special features of the third supercritical-pressure unit designed for an American central station include the use of a monotube once-through boiler, combination motor and turbine-driven boiler feed pumps, extruded pipe for main steam leads, condenser by-pass demineralization system, and a high-temperature water-heating system for the plant addition.
Highly transparent and flexible triboelectric nanogenerators: performance improvements and fundamental mechanisms (2014)

Transparent, flexible and highly efficient power sources are essential components of mobile electronics and optoelectronic devices. Here, based on the first generation of the transparent triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), we demonstrate a simple and innovative design that can simultaneously improve the output performance and transmittance of the TENG. The improved TENG gives a maximum output up to 200 V and 7 μA at a current density of ∼0.78 μA cm−2. The TENG shows a high transmittance of ∼78%. To deeply understand the nature of the triboelectric effect, we investigated the influence of the UV–ozone treatment, surface properties, and surrounding environment on the output performance. Integrating the characterization results, we conclude that the tribocharge generation of the PDMS surface is probably due to the bond breaking of Si–O–Si groups, and is closely related to the surface properties and surrounding environment.
Prostaglandin E and F Receptor Expression and Myometrial Sensitivity at Labor Onset in the Sheep1 (2004)

Prostaglandins (PGs) play a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of term and preterm labor. Uterine activity is stimulated primarily by PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha) acting on prostaglandin E (EP) and prostaglandin F (FP) receptors, respectively. Activation of FP receptors strongly stimulates the myometrium, whereas stimulation of EP receptors may lead to contraction or relaxation, depending on the EP subtype (EP1-4) expression. Thus, the relative expression of FP and EP1-4 may determine the responsiveness to PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha). The aims of this study were to characterize the expression of EP1-4 and FP in intrauterine tissues and placentome, together with myometrial responsiveness to PG, following the onset of dexamethasone-induced preterm and spontaneous term labor. Receptor mRNA expression was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction using species-specific primers. There was no increase in myometrial contractile receptor expression at labor onset, nor was there a change in sensitivity to PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha). This suggests expression of these receptors reaches maximal levels by late gestation in sheep. Placental tissue showed a marked increase in EP2 and EP3 receptor expression, the functions of which are unknown at this time. Consistent with previous reports, these results suggest that PG synthesis is the main factor in the regulation of uterine contractility at labor. This is the first study to simultaneously report PG E and F receptor expression in the key gestational tissues of the sheep using species-specific primers at induced-preterm and spontaneous labor onset.
Vasopressin Receptor mRNA Expression in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract (2007)

V1a, V1b/V3, and V2 receptor mRNAs are widely expressed throughout human gastrointestinal tract and surrounding tissues. The data obtained provide information for further mapping and determination of the physiological role of the vasopressin receptor mRNA expression in normal and tumorous tissues.
Planning shortest bounded-curvature paths for a class of nonholonomic vehicles among obstacles (2002)

This paper describes a technique for path planning in environments cluttered with obstacles for mobile robots with nonholonomic kinematics and bounded trajectory curvature (i.e., limited turning radius). The method is inspired by the results of Reeds and Shepp (1990) regarding shortest paths of bounded curvature in absence of obstacles. It is proved that, under suitable assumptions, the proposed technique provides the shortest path of bounded curvature among polygonal objects for a particular class of vehicles (circular unicycles of radius h and minimum turning radius /spl rho//sub min//spl les/h). Although the class of vehicles this theoretical result is restricted to is rather narrow, the proposed planner can be satisfactorily applied to other nonholonomic vehicles yielding good practical results.
Capture of a recombinant protein from unclarified canola extract using streamline expanded bed anion exchange (2003)

The feasibility of applying expanded bed adsorption technology to recombinant protein recovery from extracts of transgenic canola (rapeseed) was assessed. The extraction step results in a suspension of high solids content that is difficult to clarify. The coarse portion of the solids can be removed easily, and our aim was to operate the expanded bed in the presence of the recalcitrant particulates. Recombinant beta-glucuronidase (rGUS) produced in transgenic canola seed was the model system. Diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) and Streamline DEAE resin exhibited similar binding and elution properties for both rGUS and native canola proteins. More than 95% of native canola proteins did not bind to DEAE resins at pH 7.5, whereas the bound proteins were fractionated by two-step salt elution into two groups with the first peak, containing 70% of total bound proteins, at 20 mS/cm, followed by elution of rGUS at 50 mS/cm. The adsorption isotherm was only slightly influenced by the presence of up to 14 mg solids/mL extract; C(m) and K(d) changed by -1% and +39%, respectively. Bed expansion was semiquantitatively predictable from physical properties of the fluid together with Stokes's law and the Richardson-Zaki correlation for both clarified and partially clarified extracts. The presence of 1.4% solids did not change rGUS breakthrough behavior of the expanded bed; however, a small difference between expanded bed and packed bed was observed early in the sample loading stage, during which bed expansion adjusts. Canola solids moved through the column in approximately plug flow with no detriment to bed stability. Seventy-two percent recovery of 34-fold purified rGUS was obtained after initial loading of 1.4% (w/w) solids extract to 25% breakthrough.