gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reductive Dechlorination of the Pesticides 2,4‐D, 2,4,5‐T, and Pentachlorophenol in Anaerobic Sludges (1985)

Abstract The degradation of seven chlorinated aromatic compounds in anaerobic sewage sludge from three Michigan communities was examined. The compounds tested were 2,4‐D (2,4‐dichlorophenoxy acetic acid), 2,4,5‐T (2,4,5‐trichlorophenoxy acetic acid), PCP (pentachlorophenol), 2,4,6‐trichlorophenol, and 2‐, 3‐, and 4‐chlorophenol. All of the compounds tested were degraded in one or more of the sludges during a 70‐d incubation period. Overall, 4‐chlorophenol was the most persistent compound tested followed by 3‐chlorophenol. The most rapid degradative reactions were cleavage of the ether linkage of the phenoxy acetic acid herbicides 2,4‐D and 2,4,5‐T, and the removal of Cl atoms ortho to the phenolic OH group of the chlorophenols. The initial products of 2,4‐D and 2,4,5‐T degradation were 4‐chlorophenol and 2,4,5‐trichlorophenol. Reductive dechlorination of 2,4,5‐trichlorophenol (produced from 2,4,5‐T) gave 3,4‐dichlorophenol and 4‐chlorophenol which were the final products of 2,4,5‐T degradation. Dechlorination of PCP gave 3,4,5‐trichlorophenol as the initial transformation product, and further dechlorination gave 3,5‐dichlorophenol as the final product of PCP degradation. The Jackson sludge had the greatest capacity to degrade the compounds tested. With the exception of 3‐ and 4‐chlorophenol, all other compounds tested were completely degraded in 7 to 14 d in the Jackson sludge. Mason and Adrian sludges were similar in their degradative pathways overall, but significantly less active than the Jackson sludge.
Decreased Expression of PDHE1α Predicts Worse Clinical Outcome in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. (2015)

Lack of PDHE1α protein expression in ESCC is associated with poor prognosis. Our findings also verify the existence of aerobic glycolysis switch in ESCC, and strongly advocate novel therapeutic strategies in reversing the Warburg effect in tumors.
Yield Response of Canola to Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Precipitation, and Temperature (1992)

Abstract Canola ( Brassica nupus L.) is a major crop in western Canada, and been used extensively as an alternative crop to wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Yet, little information is available on the response of this crop to N and P fertilizers in relation to soil tests for these elements under varying environmental conditions. Accordingly, this study was conducted for a 16‐yr period to determine the yield response of canola to N and P fertilizers in relation to soil tests for these elements in northeastern Saskatchewan on black Melfort silty clay (Typic Cryoboroll) previously cropped to spring wheat. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied at 45 and 134 kg N ha −1 in factorial combination with 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 kg P ha −1 . Extra treatments consisted of 10N–20P kg ha −1 and a control with no fertilizer applied. Canola grain and straw response to N and P fertilizer was significant, but the N by P interaction was not significant. The interaction effects of Year by P and Year by N were significant, indicating a wide range of response to applied elements among years because of temperature, precipitation and soil nutrient effects. Grain yield was positively correlated to total precipitation and negatively correlated to mean maximum daily temperature for the months of July and August ( R 2 = 0.32). The highest grain yield (2.46 t ha −1 ) was obtained in 1987 with P fertilizer applied at 40 kg P ha −1 (averaged across N rates), 162 mm of rainfall and an average maximum temperature of 21.2 °C. The lowest yield (0.37 t ha −1 ) was obtained in 1989 with P fertilizer applied at 20 kg P ha −1 , 95 mm of rainfall and an average maximum temperature of 25.1 °C. In conclusion, soil tests for N and P accounted for much of the variation in yield response to these elements ( r 2 = 0.58 and R 2 = 0.46, respectively) despite large yield differences among years because of temperature and precipitation.
Huntington's chorea in South Wales: mutation, fertility, and genetic fitness. (1983)

A study of mutation, biological fitness, and patterns of family building in Huntington's chorea has been carried out, based on a previously reported population study of the disorder in South Wales. No unequivocal new mutation was identified among 101 kindreds containing 418 affected persons, which supports the extreme rarity of mutation in this disorder. Increased values of fertility and fitness were found, both in relation to unaffected relatives and to the general population of the area. The proportion of unmarried persons and pattern of family building was comparable in affected and unaffected subjects, and no correlation with age at onset or mode of clinical presentation could be found.
Prevalence of Single and Multiple Human Papillomavirus Types in Cervical Cancer and Precursor Lesions in Hubei, China (2009)

The high prevalence of HPV 16 in Hubei, China, deserves attention as it has important implications for the usefulness of vaccine and the choice of diagnostic methods.
Phase-locked loops (1975)

An attempt to systematically outline the work done in the area of phase-locked loops which are now used in modern communication system design is presented. The analog phase-locked loops are well documented in several books but discrete, analog-digital, and digital. phase-locked loop work is scattered. Apart from discussing the various analysis, design, and application aspects of phase-locked loops, a number of references are given in the bibliography.
High-Quality Real-Time Video Inpaintingwith PixMix (2014)

While image inpainting has recently become widely available in image manipulation tools, existing approaches to video inpainting typically do not even achieve interactive frame rates yet as they are highly computationally expensive. Further, they either apply severe restrictions on the movement of the camera or do not provide a high-quality coherent video stream. In this paper we will present our approach to high-quality real-time capable image and video inpainting. Our PixMix approach even allows for the manipulation of live video streams, providing the basis for real Diminished Reality (DR) applications. We will show how our approach generates coherent video streams dealing with quite heterogeneous background environments and non-trivial camera movements, even applying constraints in real-time.
Quantitative analysis of all major forms of sulfur in coal by x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantitative analysis of all major forms of sulfur in coal by x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopyG. P. Huffman, S. Mitra, F. E. Huggins, N. Shah, S. Vaidya, and Fulong LuCite this: Energy Fuels 1991, 5, 4, 574–581Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00028a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00028a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1153Altmetric-Citations224LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
C5 deficiency and C5a or C5aR blockade protects against cerebral malaria (2008)

Experimental infection of mice with Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) provides a powerful model to define genetic determinants that regulate the development of cerebral malaria (CM). Based on the hypothesis that excessive activation of the complement system may confer susceptibility to CM, we investigated the role of C5/C5a in the development of CM. We show a spectrum of susceptibility to PbA in a panel of inbred mice; all CM-susceptible mice examined were found to be C5 sufficient, whereas all C5-deficient strains were resistant to CM. Transfer of the C5-defective allele from an A/J (CM resistant) onto a C57BL/6 (CM-susceptible) genetic background in a congenic strain conferred increased resistance to CM; conversely, transfer of the C5-sufficient allele from the C57BL/6 onto the A/J background recapitulated the CM-susceptible phenotype. The role of C5 was further explored in B10.D2 mice, which are identical for all loci other than C5. C5-deficient B10.D2 mice were protected from CM, whereas C5-sufficient B10.D2 mice were susceptible. Antibody blockade of C5a or C5a receptor (C5aR) rescued susceptible mice from CM. In vitro studies showed that C5a-potentiated cytokine secretion induced by the malaria product P. falciparum glycosylphosphatidylinositol and C5aR blockade abrogated these amplified responses. These data provide evidence implicating C5/C5a in the pathogenesis of CM.
Importancia de los síntomas en la EPOC (2003)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem, due to its high prevalence. Furthermore, the prevalence of COPD has increased in the last years. The GOLD initiative has defined COPD as a disease state characterised by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles or gases. Consequently, demonstration of airflow limitation by means of forced spirometry is mandatory for stablishing the diagnosis of COPD. Spirometry is also required for the classification of severity and follow-up of patients with COPD. Since airflow limitation is almost irreversible, evaluation of respiratory symptoms is important in COPD management. The main symptoms are dyspnea, cough and sputum production. In many cases, treatment will be aimed to control symptoms and improve quality of life, but without significant improvement in lung function parameters. Bronchodilator medications are central to the symptomatic management of COPD and inhalation should be the preferred route of administration. Conversely to asthma, anticholinergic drugs are, at least, as effective as beta-2 agonists. Treatment with inhaled corticosteroids is only appropriate for symptomatic COPD patients with a documented spirometric response, or for those with severe disease and repeated exacerbations. New perspectives for treatment exist with the development of a new long-acting inhaled anticholinergic, tiotropium bromide, which provides a potent bronchodilator activity with a single daily dose. This and other new drugs under development will offer new alternatives for treatment of this frequent disease.
TRANSPARENT ANTENNA DESIGN FOR WiMAX APPLICATION (2013)

A transparent monopole antenna operating at 2.30 GHz is presented in this paper. The radiating element and ground plane are both designed using AgHT-4, while the substrate is made of glass. The simulated and measured impedance bandwidths (BWs) are 41.89% (2.00-3.06 GHz) and 90.91% (1.5-4.00 GHz), respectively. These results were obtained by using a suitable arc-shape slot on the ground plane; and the BWs cover the IEEE 802.16e standard for WiMAX application in the 2.30 GHz band. The gain of proposed antenna is 3.16 dBi, and there is close agreement between measurement and simulation results, in terms of return loss and radiation patterns.
Comparative Tests for Diagnosis of Lead Poisoning (1972)

The level of erythrocyte enzyme delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) has been determined in conjunction with other standard tests for lead poisoning. The mean for 53 healthy persons was previously shown to be 175 ±38 units. Lead excretion rates above 1.0 mg/24 hr in response to 1 gm of edetate disodium calcium (Calcium Disodium Versenate) given intravenously were associated with depression of the enzyme activity to 60 units or less. Enzyme activity was maximally depressed when lead excretion exceeded 2 mg/24 hr. Activity of ALA-D was more sensitive and accurate in the diagnosis of lead poisoning than urinary ALA or coproporphyrin excretion and as good as blood or urine lead determinations. Activity of ALA-D is rapidly restored toward normal by treatment with edetate disodium calcium.
Mass Spectrometry-Based Analysis of Rat Liver and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Morris Hepatoma 7777 Plasma Membrane Proteome (2013)

The gel-based proteomic analysis of plasma membranes from rat liver and chemically induced, malignant hepatocellular carcinoma Morris hepatoma 7777 was systematically optimized to yield the maximum number of proteins containing transmembrane domains (TMDs). Incorporation of plasma membrane proteins into a polyacrylamide "tube gel" followed by in-gel digestion of "tube gel" pieces significantly improved detection by electrospray ionization-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Removal of less hydrophobic proteins by washing isolated plasma membranes with 0.1 M sodium carbonate enables detection of a higher number of hydrophobic proteins containing TMDs in both tissues. Subsequent treatment of plasma membranes by a proteolytic enzyme (trypsin) causes the loss of some of the proteins that are detected after washing with sodium carbonate, but it enables the detection of other hydrophobic proteins containing TMDs. Introduction of mass spectrometers with higher sensitivity, higher mass resolution and mass accuracy, and a faster scan rate significantly improved detection of membrane proteins, but the improved sample preparation is still useful and enables detection of additional hydrophobic proteins. Proteolytic predigestion of plasma membranes enables detection of additional hydrophobic proteins and better sequence coverage of TMD-containing proteins in plasma membranes from both tissues.
Molecular Characterization of a Glucokinase with Broad Hexose Specificity from <i>Bacillus sphaericus</i> Strain C3-41 (2007)

Bacillus sphaericus cannot metabolize sugar since it lacks several of the enzymes necessary for glycolysis. Our results confirmed the presence of a glucokinase-encoding gene, glcK, and a phosphofructokinase-encoding gene, pfk, on the bacterial chromosome and expression of glucokinase during vegetative growth of B. sphaericus strains. However, no phosphoglucose isomerase gene (pgi) or phosphoglucose isomerase enzyme activity was detected in these strains. Furthermore, one glcK open reading frame was cloned from B. sphaericus strain C3-41 and then expressed in Escherichia coli. Biochemical analysis revealed that this gene encoded a protein with a molecular mass of 33 kDa and that the purified recombinant glucokinase had K(m) values of 0.52 and 0.31 mM for ATP and glucose, respectively. It has been proved that this ATP-dependent glucokinase can also phosphorylate fructose and mannose, and sequence alignment of the glcK gene indicated that it belongs to the ROK protein family. It is postulated that the absence of the phosphoglucose isomerase-encoding gene pgi in B. sphaericus might be one of the reasons for the inability of this bacterium to metabolize carbohydrates. Our findings provide additional data that further elucidate the specific metabolic pathway and could be used for genetic improvement of B. sphaericus.
Demonstration of digital readout circuit for superconducting nanowire single photon detector (2011)

We demonstrate the transfer of single photon triggered electrical pulses from a superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD) to a single flux quantum (SFQ) pulse. We describe design and test of a digital SFQ based SNSPD readout circuit and demonstrate its correct operation. Both circuits (SNSPD and SFQ) operate under the same cryogenic conditions and are directly connected by wire bonds. A future integration of the present multi-chip configuration seems feasible because both fabrication process and materials are very similar. In contrast to commonly used semiconductor amplifiers, SFQ circuits combine very low power dissipation (a few microwatts) with very high operation speed, thus enabling count-rates of several gigahertz. The SFQ interface circuit simplifies the SNSPD readout and enables large numbers of detectors for future compact multi-pixel systems with single photon counting resolution. The demonstrated circuit has great potential for scaling the present interface solution to 1,000 detectors by using a single SFQ chip.
Pyrrolidon, Capryllactam und Laurinlactam als neue Grundstoffe für Polyamidfasern (1962)

Abstract Die technische Darstellung von Capryl‐ und Laurinlactam beginnt mit der Cyclisierung von Acetylen oder Butadien zum Cyclooctatetraen oder Cyclooctadien bzw. von Butadien zum Cyclododecatrien. Die weiteren Schritte sind: Oxydation des cyclischen Kohlenwasserstoffs zum Keton, Bildung des Oxims und dessen Umlagerung mit Schwefelsäure. Pyrrolidon ist aus Acetylen und Formaldehyd über die Zwischenstufe des Butyrolactons zugänglich. Das Verhalten der Lactame bei der Polykondensation und die Stellung der aus den Polykondensationsprodukten hergestellten Fasern unter den bekannten Polyamidfasern werden beschrieben.
Heuristic search in cyclic AND/OR graphs (1998)

Heuristic search algorithms can find solutions that take the form of a simple path (A*), a tree or acyclic graph (AO*). We present a novel generaliza-tion of heuristic search (called LAO*) that can find solutions with loops, that is, solutions that take the form of a cyclic graph. We show that it can be used to solve Markov decision problems without evaluat-ing the entire state space, giving it an advantage over dynamic-programming al orithms such as policy iter-ation and value iteration as an approach to stochastic planning.
.alpha.-Diazo Ketones as Photochemical DNA Cleavers: A Mimic for the Radical Generating System of Neocarzinostatin Chromophore (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.alpha.-Diazo Ketones as Photochemical DNA Cleavers: A Mimic for the Radical Generating System of Neocarzinostatin ChromophoreKazuhiko Nakatani, Satoshi Maekawa, Kazuhito Tanabe, and Isao SaitoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 43, 10635–10644Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00148a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00148a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views486Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiparticle Simulation of Ion Injection into the Quadrupole Ion Trap Under the Influence of Helium Buffer Gas Using Short Injection Times and DC Pulse Potentials (1996)

The motion of an ensemble of ions during their gated injection into the three-dimensional radio-frequency quadrupole ion trap was simulated considering helium buffer gas collisions, injection at certain RF phase angles and using DC impulsive fields to optimize the trapping efficiency. Simulations using a simple model of ion–neutral collisions show that buffer gas alone, even at 1–10 mTorr pressure, is not able to remove sufficient kinetic energy from the injected ions through ion–neutral collisions to prevent their loss and does not solve the problem of low efficiency of ion retention in the trap, even under qz-optimization. Accumulation of ions over long periods is not very effective, in such cases trapping efficiencies are less than 5%. It is shown that under RF phase angles between 110° and 220° the injected ions can be trapped, although only temporarily, with very high efficiencies. The simulations lead to the conclusion that all of the desired injected ions covering a wide mass/charge range can be trapped for indefinite times when short injection pulses are used together with dipolar DC pulses applied during injection. The additional damping achieved through these dipolar DC impulsive fields and the resulting cooling of the ion cloud is shown to give efficient trapping.
Transparent code authentication at the processor level (2009)

The authors present a lightweight authentication mechanism that verifies the authenticity of code and thereby addresses the virus and malicious code problems at the hardware level eliminating the need for trusted extensions in the operating system. The technique proposed tightly integrates the authentication mechanism into the processor core. The authentication latency is hidden behind the memory access latency, thereby allowing seamless on-the-fly authentication of instructions. In addition, the proposed authentication method supports seamless encryption of code (and static data). Consequently, while providing the software users with assurance for authenticity of programs executing on their hardware, the proposed technique also protects the software manufacturers' intellectual property through encryption. The performance analysis shows that, under mild assumptions, the presented technique introduces negligible overhead for even moderate cache sizes.
Colorimetric Method for Rapid Determination of Serum Arginase (1967)

Abstract A method for the determination of serum arginase is given which combines the enzymatic formation of urea with the sensitive method of Coulombe (1) for measuring this substance. This procedure allows more accurate determinations in the normal range than do previous methods described and is convenient for clinical routine. Significant difference is found between the mean values of normal men and women, 3.9 units/L. for the former and 2.9 units/L. for the latter.
A Resistant Gene of Soybeans to the Soybean Cyst Nematode observed from the Cross between Peking and Japanese Varieties (Preliminary Report) (1966)

Peking, a high resistant variety to the soybean cyst nematode, was crossed reciprocally with incompletely resistant Nemashirazu and susceptible Shiromeyutaka. F2 progenies of them were tested for the resistance, for which also relationships with some other characters were examined. Frequencies of the resistant plants were 1/4 for Peking X Nemashirazu, and near to 1/16 for Peking X Shiromeyutaka, thus, indicating one, for the former, or two, for the latter, recessive genes are concerned with the resistance. In these crosses a coupling linkage between the resistance and i allele which determine the exprcssion of seed coat color to black or brown was found. This resistant recessive gene was determined as “rhg1”.