gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of plasma acylcarnitines using gas chromatography chemical ionization mass fragmentography. (1997)

A stable isotope dilution gas chromatography chemical ionization mass spectrometry (GC-CI-MS) method was developed for the quantitative profiling of plasma acylcarnitines. The clean-up procedure was comprised of a solid-phase cation exchange extraction using PRS-columns from which the acylcarnitines were eluted with a barium chloride solution. Isolated acylcarnitines were transformed into acyloxylactones and analyzed by positive GC-CI-MS using isobutane as reactant gas. The selected monitoring of a common ion at m/z [85]+ and the protonated molecular ion enabled a selective and sensitive detection of all C2-C18 acylcarnitines. An accurate quantitation was achieved by the use of stable isotope-labeled internal standards (C2-C18) and acylcarnitines could be analyzed in the sub-nanomolar range. Control values for C2-C18 acylcarnitines in plasma were established. Concentrations ranged from 0.02 micromol/L for C14-acylcarnitine to 4.90 micromol/L for C2-acylcarnitine. The diagnostic suitability of the method was demonstrated for patients with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.
A Method of Increasing Photographic Sensitivity by Electrical Discharges (1953)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation K. S. Lion; A Method of Increasing Photographic Sensitivity by Electrical Discharges. J. Appl. Phys. 1 March 1953; 24 (3): 367–368. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721286 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioJournal of Applied Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Bladder mast cell activation in interstitial cystitis. (1991)

The bladder mast cell contains many granules, each one of which can secrete many vasoactive and nociceptive molecules. A number of conditions such as extreme cold, drugs, neuropeptides, stress, trauma, toxins, etcetera, can trigger the mast cell to secrete some of its contents. In turn, these chemicals can sensitize sensory neurons, which can further activate mast cells by releasing neurotransmitters or neuropeptides. Additionally, the mast cell can directly cause vasodilation and bladder mucosa damage while attracting inflammatory cells, thus causing many of the problems observed in IC. Clinicians may be at a distinct disadvantage because they are faced with a multitude of potential mast cell triggers and numerous mediators secreted. Therefore, it may be advisable to block or inhibit the mast cell from responding to many of these various stimuli. Specific mast cell mediators should be assayed as possible diagnostic tools, whereas potential inhibitors of mast cell secretion should be tried under controlled conditions to determine the extent of therapeutic benefit.
Dialysis and Nanotechnology: Now, 10 Years, or Never? (2006)

Nanotechnology, defined as the science of material features between 10(-9) and 10(-7) of a meter, has received extensive attention in the popular press as proof-of-concept experiments in the laboratory are published. The inevitable delay between feature articles and clinical endpoints has led to unwarranted skepticism about the applicability of the technology to current medical therapy. The theoretic advantages of micro- and nanometer scale engineering to renal replacement include the manufacture of high-hydraulic permeability membranes with implanted sensing and control structures. Recent data in membrane design and testing is presented, with a review of the challenges remaining in implementation of this technology.
Binding of complementary oligoribonucleotides to yeast initiator transfer RNA (1975)

Oligoribonucleotide binding to baker's yeast initiator tRNA was measured by equilibrium dialysis in order to determine which regions of the tRNA were free to bind complementary oligomers and which were involved in secondary and tertiary structure. Association constants of trinucleoside diphosphates and tetranucleoside triphophates complementary to the single-stranded regions of the cloverleaf structure of yeast tRNAfMet were measured at o degrees in 1.0 M NaCl, and 0.01 M MgCl2. The only regions of the tRNA whose complementary oligomers bound to the tRNA were the amino acid acceptor end and the five nucleotides at the 5' end of the anticodon loop. These results differ from those for the other tRNAs studied by this technique; usually oligomers complementary to the dihydrouracil loop bind to the tRNA. The sequence of yeast tRNAfMet and other eucaryotic initiators is unusual. The "TpsiC loop" contains the sequence A-U-C instead of T-psi-C, yet the binding pattern to the THE TpsiC LOOP IS LIKE THAT FOR OTHER TRNAs; no oligomers bind.
Recent advance in fiber SERS sensors (2008)

Fiber SERS (surface enhanced Raman scattering) sensors have attracted significant interest in molecule sensing. In this paper, we briefly review our previous work on various configurations for fiber SERS probes, including side-polished fibers and various photonic crystal fibers (PCFs). In addition, we will report our recent experiments on a double substrate "sandwich" structure for fiber SERS probe. The approach is to coat one SERS substrate on the tip of a multimode fiber and mix the second substrate in solution with the target analyte molecules. Upon dipping the coated fiber probe into the solution, randomly formed structures of the two substrates will sandwich the analyte molecules in between. Our results show that the "sandwich" configuration exhibits significantly higher sensitivity than direct SERS detection.
Pyruvate kinase activators as a therapy target: a patent review 2011-2017 (2017)

PKM2 activation inhibits cell growth and proliferation by decreasing a number of biomolecules required for cell building. Therefore; PKM2 activators are considered as an ideal drug for or the treatment of many cancer pathogens. It is necessary to discover new, more active and selective compounds for PKM2 activation.
Multi-Source Multihop Wireless Networks: A Trellis Representation and Network Coding (2008)

We consider practical network coding, a useful generalization of routing, in a dynamic wireless network comprising a set of nodes transmitting data wirelessly to a set of common destinations. It is shown that an arbitrary network can be transformed to a "trellis network", such that routing becomes equivalent to path discovery in the trellis. Exploiting a distributed, real-time matching-code-with-graph technique in each stage of the possibly time-varying trellis, a general network coding framework is developed. Depending on whether or not decoding is performed at the intermediate relays, three practical network coding categories, progress network coding, concatenated network coding and hybrid network coding, are investigated. Analysis shows that the proposed framework can be as dissemination- efficient as those with random codes, but only more practical.
Variable and clause elimination in SAT problems using an FPGA (2011)

The satisfiability (SAT) problem is to find an assignment of binary values to the variables which satisfy a given clausal normal form (CNF). Many practical application problems can be transformed to SAT problems, and many SAT solvers have been developed. SAT problem is, however, NP-complete and its computational cost is very high. In order to reduce the computational cost, preprocessors are widely used by SAT solvers. In this paper, we describe an approach for implementing a preprocessor (SatELite) on FPGA. In SatELite, the variables and clauses whose values can be uniquely determined from other variables and clauses are eliminated to reduce the search space of the given SAT problem. The algorithms used in SatELite have inherent parallelism, but the data size of the SAT problems is very large, and the performance of the system is limited by the throughput of the off-chip DRAM banks. In our implementation, several clauses are held on the FPGA, and are compared in parallel with a sequence of new clauses. The sequence is cached on the FPGA, and reused in order to hide the access delay to the DRAM banks. The speedup by our system depends on the problem size, however it becomes higher for larger problems.
Postural instability in Parkinson's disease. (1999)

Persons with Parkinson's disease are at great risk of suffering traumatic injuries from falls. Intervention with physical therapy and the use of assistive devices are helpful in preventing falls. Unfortunately, many patients are not referred for these interventions until they have already suffered traumatic injury. A simple measure of balance, which can easily be performed in an office setting, is the functional reach. This measure has been shown to be predictive of falls in the elderly. In this study, the functional reach was measured in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease during each visit over at least one year. Patients deemed at risk of falling were referred for physical therapy and possibly assistive devices. Those patients subsequently suffering falls were noncompliant with the recommendations.
3D-Imaging of cardiac structures using 3D heart models for planning in heart surgery: a preliminary study (2007)

The aim of the study was to create an anatomical correct 3D rapid prototyping model (RPT) for patients with complex heart disease and altered geometry of the atria or ventricles to facilitate planning and execution of the surgical procedure. Based on computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images, regions of interest were segmented using the Mimics 9.0 software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium). The segmented regions were the target volume and structures at risk. After generating an STL-file (StereoLithography file) out of the patient's data set, the 3D printer Ztrade mark 510 (4D Concepts, Gross-Gerau, Germany) created a 3D plaster model. The patient individual 3D printed RPT-models were used to plan the resection of a left ventricular aneurysm and right ventricular tumor. The surgeon was able to identify risk structures, assess the ideal resection lines and determine the residual shape after a reconstructive procedure (LV remodelling, infiltrating tumor resection). Using a 3D-print of the LV-aneurysm, reshaping of the left ventricle ensuring sufficient LV volume was easily accomplished. The use of the 3D rapid prototyping model (RPT-model) during resection of ventricular aneurysm and malignant cardiac tumors may facilitate the surgical procedure due to better planning and improved orientation.
An open framework for dynamic reconfiguration (2004)

Dynamic reconfiguration techniques appear promising for building systems that have requirements for adaptability and/or high availability. Current systems that support dynamic reconfiguration tend to use a single, fixed, reconfiguration algorithm to manage the change process. Furthermore, existing change management systems lack support for measuring the impact of reconfiguration on a running system. In this paper, we introduce OpenRec, an open framework for managing dynamic reconfiguration which addresses these drawbacks. Using OpenRec, developers can observe the costs, in terms of time and disturbance, associated with making a particular run-time change. In addition, OpenRec employs an extensible set of reconfiguration algorithms where one algorithm can be substituted for another. Developers can thus make an informed decision as to which algorithm to use based on comparative analysis. Finally, OpenRec is itself dynamically reconfigurable.
Effect of Physicochemical Factors on the Release Kinetics of Hydrophilic Drugs from Poly(L-Lactic Acid) (L-PLA) Pellets (1998)

Poly(L-lactic acid) (L-PLA) pellets intended for either parenteral or oral use were successfully prepared by a direct compression technique without the use of heat or organic solvents. Salicylic acid and theophylline were chosen as drug candidates. The drug release from pellets was affected by the compression pressure. The Higuchi plots of the drugs showed a t1/2 dependent drug release pattern. The release rates of these drugs from PLA pellets were directly correlated to their solubilities in the dissolution media. At lower pH (< 7), the release of salicylic acid was found to be slower than theophylline; however, at higher pH (> 7), the release of salicylic acid was faster than that of the theophylline. The release rate of salicylic acid was higher at higher pHs, which was related to the increase in solubilities. Pellets were annealed at 20, 40, and 80 degrees C. A lower release rate was observed with increasing temperatures. Above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer, the release of drugs was significantly decreased. The drug release was independent of the ionic strength of the media for both salicylic acid and theophylline. We showed earlier that no drug-polymer interactions or polymer degradation were observed when studied by differentials scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared spectroscopy (IR) (1). The release mechanism was primarily physical diffusion and leaching during the experimental period. We conclude that the release of low molecular weight (MW) drugs from the high MW L-PLA was independent of the pH and the ionic strength of the dissolution media, but was dependent on the polarity of the drug and formulation factors, such as compression pressure and annealing temperature.
The effect of meconium on neonatal and fetal reflectance pulse oximetry (1990)

Reflectance probes are being developed for neonatal use and obstetricians are beginning to use reflectance pulse oximetry to monitor the fetus. When a reflectance probe was used to monitor the arterial oxygen saturation of a baby whose skin was stained with meconium an artificially low result was obtained. This is because meconium absorbs more red than infra-red light and acts as a red light filter between the vascular bed and the probe. This effect may be reproduced by interposing a red filter between a reflectance pulse oximetry probe and the skin. Obstetricians who use a pulse oximeter to assess the fetus through intact membranes will record an erroneously low result if they are stained with meconium. Similarly neonatologists should avoid placing a reflectance pulse oximetry probe on babies skin which is stained with meconium.
Z-Isomers of 3,3′-disubstituted azobenzenes highly compatible with liquid crystals (1999)

It is known that mesophase changes can be induced by E-Z photoisomerization of azobenzenes doped in liquid crystals. Novel azobenzenes have been designed on the basis of Molecular Mechanics and Molecular Orbital calculation, aimed at exploiting novel photoresponsive guest-host liquid crystalline systems exhibiting no mesophase change despite the drastic structural alteration of the guest molecules. It was found that the introduction of alkanoyloxy groups at both the 3- and 3′-positions of azobenzene leads to phase stability of nematic systems upon the E-Z photoisomerization even at a dopant concentration as high as 20 wt%. However phase separation was brought about when 3,3′-dialkoxyazobenzenes and 4,4′-dialkoxyazobenzenes were employed as guest molecules. The relation between the conformational structures of the guests in their E- and Z-isomers and their compatibility with nematic hosts was examined thermodynamically. Experimental results were compared in some details with the simulations. It was shown that 3,3′-dialkanoyloxyazobenzene prefers a rod-like structure in both E- and Z-isomers.
Wireless Indoor Positioning Using Online Machine Learning (2019)

The indoor positioning system can be applied to smart factories to monitor the location of time-critical items in real-time. It is useful for planning and control in the dynamic manufacturing environment. The challenge of the localization is the non-stationary characteristics of the environment. In this paper, we present a predictive modeling method using online machine learning. The wireless signals from time-critical items can be captured constantly. The online positioning model is built and updated by using the sensor data stream.
High-connected mesoporous metal–organic framework (2010)

An indium trimer has been employed to construct a mesoporous metal-organic framework with the highest connectivity, the amine functionalization of which leads to the effective use of central space for the adsorption of small molecules, and then results in the enhancement of adsorption capacity.
Recent Advances in Asymmetric Catalysis in Flow (2013)

Asymmetric catalysis in flow has been attracting much attention very recently because of the potential advantages over its batchwise counterpart, such as high-throughput screening and synthesis, easy automation with the integration of on-demand reaction analysis, little or no reaction workup, and potential long-term use of the catalysts in the case of heterogeneous catalysis. Homogeneous asymmetric catalysis performed in a microreactor has demonstrated successful examples in fast catalyst screening, integrated inline/onlineanalysis, microflow photocatalysis, multistep transformation with unstable intermediates, and potential for lower catalyst loading or homogeneous catalyst recylcing. Since heterogeneous asymmetric catalysis serves as a better way than its homogeneous analogue for catalyst separation and recycling, this Review Article summarizes recent development via different catalyst immobilization methods, such as covalent support, a self-supported method, an adsorption method, and H-bonding, electrostatic or ionic interaction, and nonconventional media, as well. In addition, biocatalysis, including enzyme-catalyzed kinetic resolution and transformation, in flow will be discussed either in homogeneous or heterogeneous mode.
Fiber-optic sensing of high static pressure (1990)

Abstract This paper describes a new fiber-optic sensor for pressures up to 200 MPa, based on the effect of hydrostatic stress on the polarization-mode coupling which occurs in highly birefringent fibers. Sensor construction, measurement set-up and typical output are presented. Results show that this new sensor displays far greater sensitivity when compared to solid-state pressure sensors.
AdScorer (2012)

The media measurement industry is in turmoil, with the old prediction-based models being challenged by more accurate measurement techniques, based on actual viewer behaviour drawn from much larger sample selections. As measurement methods converge across different types of media, the online/offline measurement divide will diminish. Television is one such medium that has traditionally required offline measurements. Advertisers are, for the most part, still accepting predictions and historical behaviors rather than current facts. Despite the limited accountability, yearly spendings on television advertisements are still much higher than for any other medium, and rising.
Glucosyltransferase mediates adhesion of Streptococcus gordonii to human endothelial cells in vitro (1994)

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used as an experimental host model to investigate the mechanism(s) of streptococcal adhesion in infective endocarditis. Adhesion activity of Streptococcus gordonii was maximal during the logarithmic phase of growth and was greatly reduced or eliminated by pretreatment of bacteria with heat, formaldehyde, or trypsin. At saturating numbers of streptococci, an average of 81 bacteria were bound per HUVEC. Streptococcal adhesion was inhibited by low-molecular-weight dextran and heparin but not by sucrose, fibronectin, or laminin. Adhesion was also prevented by pretreatment of HUVEC with proteins dissociated from the surface of S. gordonii with 10 mM EDTA or isolated from spent culture medium. Western blot (immunoblot) assays detected a single adhesion protein of 153 kDa (AP153) on HUVEC after incubation with unfractionated extracts of streptococci. The adhesin exhibited glucosyltransferase (GTF) activity when incubated with sucrose and Triton X-100 after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The AP153 was purified by affinity chromatography on dextran beads and show to have binding activity for HUVEC, GTF activity, an amino acid composition similar to that reported for GTF of S. gordonii, and the ability to inhibit S. gordonii adhesion. Incubation of the streptococci with antibodies to the adhesin inhibited bacterial attachment to HUVEC monolayers. These results indicate that surface-localized GTF mediates adhesion of S. gordonii to HUVEC in vitro and may serve as a mechanism for colonization of the endocardium in infective endocarditis.
Translational readthrough of the murine leukemia virus gag gene amber codon does not require virus-induced alteration of tRNA (1989)

An in vitro system to assay translational readthrough of the UAG termination codon at the murine leukemia virus (MuLV) gag-pol junction was developed by using rabbit reticulocyte lysates programmed by SP6-generated Moloney MuLV gag-pol mRNA. Under conditions in which the suppressor activity of the lysate was dependent on addition of tRNA, it could be shown that readthrough synthesis was stimulated to approximately the same extent by equivalent amounts of tRNA from MuLV-infected and uninfected NIH 3T3 cells. Analysis of glutamine tRNA, which mediates suppression in vivo, showed that the level of glutamine acceptor activity and the chromatographic profile of glutamine isoacceptors were unchanged following virus infection. On the basis of these results, we conclude that the suppressor tRNA occurs normally within the tRNA population of uninfected cells and need not be induced in response to virus infection.
Insignificant shadow detection for video segmentation (2005)

To prevent moving cast shadows from being misunderstood as part of moving objects in change detection based video segmentation, this paper proposes a novel approach to the cast shadow detection based on the edge and region information in multiple frames. First, an initial change detection mask containing moving objects and cast shadows is obtained. Then a Canny edge map is generated. After that, the shadow region is detected and removed through multiframe integration, edge matching, and region growing. Finally, a post processing procedure is used to eliminate noise and tune the boundaries of the objects. Our approach can be used for video segmentation in indoor environment. The experimental results demonstrate its good performance.
Clock dithering for electromagnetic compliance using spread spectrum phase modulation (2003)

As more electronic systems operate at higher frequencies and bandwidths, they tend to emit more electromagnetic interference (EMI). Due to lack of shielding, portable systems such as notebook computers have come under increasing pressure to comply with strict EMI emission regulations, such as FCC and CISPR. The data bus and the clock are major EMI sources because they conduct high currents and form large loops. This paper focuses on spreading the frequency-spectra of the clock and data signals to reduce their peak EMI emissions for EM compatibility. In a similar work, noise is intentionally injected onto a VCO control voltage in a clock PLL to achieve the effect of frequency modulation. In this case, the phase of the dithered clock varies unpredictably so mixing of both dithered and non-dithered clocks within the same system is avoided. In the proposed scheme, the phase difference between two arbitrary edges is limited within half a period. Hence, it is more practical in real system applications. Since it is implemented with a delay-locked loop (DLL), there are no PLL problems such as accumulated phase error, difficulties in designing stable loop filters, or area costs.