gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Allyl Ethers of Carbohydrates. II. Preparation and Polymerization of Polyallyl Ethers (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAllyl Ethers of Carbohydrates. II. Preparation and Polymerization of Polyallyl EthersP. L. Nichols Jr. and E. YanovskyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 1, 46–49Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01217a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01217a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views544Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
FEM IMPLEMENTATIONS OF MAGNETOSTRICTIVE-BASED APPLICATIONS (2005)

Magnetostrictive transducers are used in a broad variety of applications that include linear pump drive mechanisms, active noise and vibration control systems and sonar systems. Optimization of their performance relies on accurate modeling of the static and dynamic behavior of magnetostrictive materials. The nonlinearity of some properties of magnetostrictive materials along with eddy current power losses occurring in both the magnetostrictive material and the magnetic circuit of the system makes this task particularly difficult. This thesis presents continuum level, three dimensional, finite element analysis of magnetostrictive-based applications for different operating conditions. The Finite element models (FEMs) are based on boundary value problems which are first introduced in the "differential" form (Chapter 2) and then derived to a "weak" form (Chapter 3) suitable for the implementation on the commercial finite element software, FEMLAB 3.1©. Structural mechanics and electromagnetics BVPs are used to predict the behavior of, respectively, structurally-involved parts and the electromagnetic circuit of a magnetostrictive-based application. In order to capture the magnetostrictive material's behavior, static and dynamic three-dimensional multi-physics BVPs include magneto-mechanical coupling to model magnetostriction and the effect of the magnetic stress tensor, also known as Maxwell stress tensor, and electromagnetic coupling to model eddy current power losses (time-harmonic and dynamic case only). The dynamic formulation is inspired by the finite element formulation in the Galerkin form introduced by Perez-Aparicio and Sosa [1], but focuses on a weak form formulation of the problem suitable for implementation in the commercial finite element software FEMLAB 3.1©. Implementation methods of the introduced models are described in Chapter 4. Finally, examples of these models are presented and, for the coupled magneto-mechanical FEM, compared to experimental results.
Chemoprevention of Mammary Preneoplasia (1995)

The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) the c-myc oncogene-transfected and MTV-expressing mammary epithelial cells exhibit aberrant hyperproliferation in vitro preceding tumorigenesis in vivo; (2) upregulation of aberrant hyperproliferation (i.e., anchorage-independent growth) in initiated cells represents a cellular marker for preneoplastic transformation; (3) the tea polyphenol EGCG differentially downregulates aberrant hyperproliferation in myc oncogene- and MTV-initiated cells; (4) the present in vitro model provides an efficient assay for chemoprevention of mammary preneoplasia by naturally occurring compounds.
High speed Dual Mode Logic Carry Look Ahead Adder (2012)

A novel high speed Carry Look Ahead Adder (CLA) is presented. The proposed CLA is implemented using Dual Mode Logic (DML) methodology, as recently introduced by our group. DML allows dynamic switching between static and dynamic modes of operation. In static mode, the DML gates feature very low power dissipation with moderate performance, while in dynamic mode they achieve higher performance, albeit with increased power dissipation. The proposed CLA utilizes this powerful ability of DML by a dynamic selection of critical paths according to the input vectors. The chosen critical paths are operated in the dynamic mode and improve the CLA delay. The rest of the CLA operates in the DML static mode, improving CLA power consumption. A 32 bit DML CLA was designed in a 40nm low power TSMC process. Simulation results showed 45% gain in speed and 70% in power dissipation, when compared to the CMOS and dynamic CLAs, respectively.
On the Definition and Estimation of Spectrum Occupancy (1977)

Spectrum occupancy for channels and bands of similar channels is defmed. A distinction is made between transmission occupancy and message occupancy. The measurement time required to determine if a given channel is occupied is considered as well as the time required to estimate the degree of transmission occupancy with a given statistical confidence. Nonparametric (distribution-free) statistical techniques are employed to obtain this estimate and to determine the sample size required to establish confidence bounds for a set of channel or band transmission occupancy values.
Development of a quantum-dot lateral flow immunoassay strip based portable fluorescence smart-phone system for ultrasensitive detection of IgM/IgG to SARS-CoV-2 (2020)

ABSTRACT Background Since December 2019, the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been occurred by novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The rapid and sensitive immunoassays are urgently demanded for detecting specific antibodies as assistant diagnosis for primary screening of asymptomatic individuals, close contacts, suspected or recovered patients of COIVD-19 during the pandemic period. Methods The recombinant receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S-RBD) was used as the antigen to detect specific IgM and the mixture of recombinant nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (NP) and S-RBD were used to detect specific IgG by the newly designed quantum-dot lateral flow immunoassay strip (QD-LFIA), respectively. Results A rapid and sensitive QD-LFIA based portable fluorescence smart-phone system was developed for detecting specific IgM/IgG to SARS-CoV-2 from 100 serum samples of COVID-19 patients and 450 plasma samples from healthy blood donors. Among 100 COVID-19 patients diagnosed with NAT previously, 3 were severe, 35 mild and 62 recovered cases. By using QD-LFIA, 78 (78%) and 99 (99%) samples from 100 COVID-19 patients’ serum were detected positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM or IgG, respectively, but only one sample (0.22%) was cross-reactive with S-RBD from 450 healthy blood donor plasmas that were collected from different areas of China. Conclusion An ultrasensitive and specific QD-LFIA based portable fluorescence smart-phone system was developed fo r detection of specific IgM and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 infection, which could be used for investigating the prevalence or assistant diagnosis of COVID-19 in humans.
Expression of an Engineered Cecropin Gene Cassette in Transgenic Tobacco Plants Confers Disease Resistance to <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i> (1997)

ABSTRACT A chimeric gene fusion cassette, consisting of a secretory sequence from barley alpha-amylase joined to a modified cecropin (MB39) coding sequence and placed under control of the promoter and terminator from the potato proteinase inhibitor II (PiII) gene, was introduced into tobacco by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Transgenic and control plants reacted differently when inoculated with tobacco wildfire pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci at various cell concentrations. With control plants (transformed with a PiII-GUS [beta-D-glucuronidase] gene fusion), necrosis was clearly visible in leaf tissue infiltrated with bacterial inoculum levels of 10(2), 10(3), 10(4), 10(5), and 10(6) CFU/ml. With MB39-transgenic plants, however, necrosis was observed only in the areas infiltrated with the two highest levels (10(5) and 10(6) CFU/ml). No necrosis was evident in areas infiltrated with bacterial concentrations of 10(4) CFU/ml or less. Bacterial multiplication in leaves of MB39-transgenic plants was suppressed more than 10-fold compared to control plants, and absence of disease symptom development was associated with this growth suppression. We conclude that the pathogen-induced promoter and the secretory sequence were competent elements for transforming a cecropin gene into an effective disease-control gene for plants.
Preparation of graphene platelet-Ru(phen) 3 2+ assemblies and their application in electrochemiluminescence detection (2012)

Graphene platelet (GP)-Ru(phen) 3 2+ assembles have been prepared through self-assembly of poly sodium styrenesulfonate (PSS) functionalized GPs and Ru(phen) 3 2+ driven by electrostatic attraction interactions in aqueous solution. The resultant assembled GP-Ru(phen) 3 2+ hybrid structure modified electrode exhibits excellent electrochemiluminescence (ECL) behaviors because of the ECL active species Ru(phen) 3 2+ contained therein.
Human gene (c-fes) related to the onc sequences of Snyder-Theilen feline sarcoma virus. (1982)

The onc gene (v-fes) of the acutely transforming feline sarcoma virus (Snyder-Theilen strain) has homologous cellular sequences (c-fes) in all vertebrate species, including humans. We isolated from a human DNA library recombinant phages containing overlapping c-fes sequences. The human c-fes locus spans a region of 3.4 kilobases and contains 1.4 kilobases of DNA homologous to the viral onc sequence interspersed with three intervening sequences.
Th2 Cytokine Production from Mast Cells Is Directly Induced by Lipopolysaccharide and Distinctly Regulated by c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase and p38 Pathways (2002)

Mast cells secrete multiple cytokines and play an important role in allergic inflammation. Although it is widely accepted that bacteria infection occasionally worsens allergic airway inflammation, the mechanism has not been defined. In this study, we show that LPS induced Th2-associated cytokine production such as IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 from mast cells and also synergistically enhanced production of these cytokines induced by IgE cross-linking. LPS-mediated Th2-type cytokine production was abolished in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells derived from C3H/HeJ mice, suggesting that Toll-like receptor 4 is essential for the cytokine production. Furthermore, we found that mitogen-activated protein kinases including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 kinase were activated by LPS stimulation in bone marrow-derived mast cells. Inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation has little effect on LPS-mediated cytokine production. In contrast, inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation significantly suppressed both IL-10 and IL-13 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Interestingly, although inhibition of p38 did not down-regulate the mRNA induction, it moderately decreased all three cytokine productions by LPS. These results indicate that LPS-mediated production of IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 was distinctly regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinases. Our findings may indicate a clue to understanding the mechanisms of how bacteria infection worsens the clinical features of asthma.
Implications of Accelerated Recombination-Active Defect Complex Formation for Mitigating Carrier-Induced Degradation in Silicon (2015)

A three-state model is used to explore the influence of the accelerated formation of recombination-active defect complexes on the mitigation of carrier-induced degradation in p-type silicon containing boron and oxygen. Defect formation is observed to be a critical factor for the speed at which carrier-induced degradation can be mitigated. Defect formation also plays a critical role in determining the effectiveness of mitigation at elevated temperatures. It is observed that under conventional conditions, at a processing temperature of 200 °C, approximately 170 s are required to form and passivate 99% of possible defects. The experimentally demonstrated improved effectiveness of carrier-induced defect passivation with a process time of 10 s at temperatures over 300 °C is consistent with a substantial acceleration of defect formation.
Ionic Conductivity of Zirconium Phosphate (1962)

Conductivity measurements were made on zirconium phosphate prepared using an excess of phosphoric acid and not subjected to high temperatures. Measurements were made of conductivity vs temperature. In order to determine the thermal stability of the zirconium phosphate, a thermogravimetric analysis was conducted. A fuel cell using a zirconium phosphate membrane was prepared, but the membrane had low conductivity and was changed by hydrolysis. (M.C.G.)
Oxidative Coupling of Methane with ac and dc Corona Discharges (1996)

The oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) is being actively studied for the production of higher hydrocarbons from natural gas. The present study concentrated on the oxidative conversion of methane in an atmospheric pressure, nonthermal plasma formed by ac or dc corona discharges. Methyl radicals are formed by reaction with negatively-charged oxygen species created in the corona discharge. The selectivity to products ethane and ethylene is affected by electrode polarity, frequency, and oxygen partial pressure in the feed. Higher C2 yields were obtained with the ac corona. All the ac corona discharges are initiated at room temperature (i.e., no oven or other heat source is used), and the temperature increases to 300−500 °C due to the exothermic reactions and the discharge itself. The largest C2 yield is 21% with 43.3% methane conversion and 48.3% C2 selectivity at a flowrate of 100 cm3/min when the ac corona is at 30 Hz, 5 kV (rms) input power was used. The methane conversion may be improved to more than 50% by increasing the residence time, but the C2 selectivity decreases. A reaction mechanism including the oxidative dehydrogenation (OXD) of ethane to ethylene is presented to explain the observed phenomena. The results suggest that ac and/or dc gas discharge techniques have significant promise for improving the economics of OCM processes.
Reaction of organoboranes with .alpha.-bromo ketones under the influence of potassium tert-butoxide in tetrahydrofuran. A new technique for the .alpha.-alkylation of ketones (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of organoboranes with .alpha.-bromo ketones under the influence of potassium tert-butoxide in tetrahydrofuran. A new technique for the .alpha.-alkylation of ketonesHerbert C. Brown, Milorad M. Rogic, and Michael W. RathkeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 22, 6218–6219Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01024a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01024a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views653Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A non-clotting and non-instrumental method for sensing heparin and monitoring of extracorporeal anticoagulation. (1991)

A non-clotting and non-instrumentally based heparin assay was developed. This was achieved by studying the immobilization of protamine (a heparin antidote) on a porous filter paper strip; and the subsequent migration of a heparin sample through the paper in a descending manner. The area of paper to which heparin was adsorbed would be proportional to the heparin level in the sample. The bound heparin was visualized by spraying Methylene Blue NNX (a dye that interacts with heparin causing a metachromatic shift of the dye's absorption maximum from blue to purple) solution onto the paper strip upon the exhaustion of the sample reservoir. Heparin levels in the samples could be estimated according to the length of the purple region on the paper strip. The sensitivity, resolution and time requirement could be properly adjusted by varying the amount of protamine immobilized on paper, the sample volume applied and the type of paper used. This system was shown to be capable of accurately detecting heparin, at all relevant levels in aqueous sample in a simple and time efficient manner. Interference and long assay times were encountered when this system was applied to untreated plasma heparin samples; the accuracy of the assay was also significantly decreased. Subsequent investigations indicated that the plasma components sodium chloride and globulin were primarily responsible for the interference; whereas the high viscosity albumin imparted to plasma was accountable for the long assay time needed. The types of filter papers used (Whatman grade 541 and 113) contributed to difficulties in applying the sensing system to detect heparin in plasma, particularly at low levels. A modified "standard addition" method of sample treatment was devised in which plasma specimens were diluted with aqueous heparin solution of known concentration in order to lessen the interferences of plasma components. The heparin levels determined by applying treated plasma samples to the grade 31ET Chr paper strips were in agreement with their counterparts derived by plasma APTT clotting assay.
Retinoide, X. Ein neuer Weg zu 5‐Ethyl‐18‐norretinoiden (1987)

Abstract Die Synthese von 5‐Ethyl‐18‐norretinal ( 2 ) wird beschrieben; der Schlüsselschritt ist die Cyclisierung von Acrolein ( 3 ) mit 2‐Methyl‐3‐hexanon ( 4 ) zu 2‐Ethyl‐6,6‐dimethyl‐2‐cyclohexen‐1‐on ( 5 ).
3D Site Modelling and Verification of Plant Design for Nuclear Security Applications (2006)

It is important in Nuclear Security to detect changes made in a given installation or track the progression of the construction work in a new plant. This paper describes a system accepting multi-sensory, variable scale data as input. Scalability allows for different acquisition systems and algorithms according to the size of the objects/buildings/sites to be modelled. Semi-automated tools support the comparison between the acquired "as-built" and the approved design models. The paper presents examples of the use in indoor and outdoor environments. It shows that it is possible in any time to redo a data acquisition from the same area without any assumptions of exact position, orientation or used scanner. Based on this new information it is possible to detect centimetre changes in the scene.
Transformation Analysis of Thermochemical Reactor Based on Thermophysical Properties of Graphite−MnCl<sub>2</sub> Complex (2000)

Transformation of the graphite−MnCl2 complex/ammonia system was investigated in a thermochemical reactor through numerical simulation. Thermophysical properties such as effective thermal conductivity and gas permeability were measured for the reactive medium with a bulk density of 100−250 kg m-3, and the values obtained were in the range of 14.0−25.6 W m-1 K-1 and (8.0 × 10-15)−10-12 m2, respectively. A model for the thermochemical reactor was developed on a macroscopic scale, and then the measured thermophysical properties were used in the model equations. The results of the simulation showed that, when the operating pressure was <1.0 bar and the bulk density of the reactive media was >200 kg m-3, the rate of global conversion was significantly impeded by the mass-transfer limitation. The absence of a distinctive heat front in the reactor shows that heat transfer is not a limiting factor with the graphite−MnCl2 complex.
Efficacy of Infliximab for Disc Herniation-Induced Sciatica (2004)

The results showed that the beneficial effect of a single infusion of 3 mg/kg of infliximab for herniation-induced sciatica is sustained in most patients over a 1-year follow-up period. Furthermore, infliximab does not seem to interfere with the spontaneous resorption of disc herniations.
Liquid chromatographic method for the determination of methyl anthranilate in liquid formulation and residues on formulated rice seed bait (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid chromatographic method for the determination of methyl anthranilate in liquid formulation and residues on formulated rice seed baitThomas M. Primus, Doreen L. Griffin, Michael L. Avery, and John J. JohnstonCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 12, 3052–3056Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00060a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00060a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views107Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts