gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formation and “white” photoluminescence of nanoclusters in SiO x films implanted with carbon ions (2010)

Experimental data on ion synthesis of nanocomposite layers with carbon-rich clusters and silicon nanocrystals by irradiation of nonstoichiometric silicon oxide (SiO x ) films with carbon ions followed by high-temperature annealing are reported. It is shown that, at rather high doses of C+ ions, the resulting films exhibit photoluminescence with a spectrum that encompass the entire visible and near-infrared regions. The formation of carbon-rich clusters and silicon nanocrystals is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data. The distribution of carbon practically reproduces the calculated profile of ion ranges, suggesting that there is no noticeable diffusive redistribution of carbon. A qualitative model of the layered structure of ion-synthesized structures is suggested.
Improved production of membrane proteins in <i>Escherichia coli</i> by selective codon substitutions (2013)

Membrane proteins are extremely challenging to produce in sufficient quantities for biochemical and structural analysis and there is a growing demand for solutions to this problem. In this study we attempted to improve expression of two difficult-to-express coding sequences (araH and narK) for membrane transporters. For both coding sequences, synonymous codon substitutions in the region adjacent to the AUG start led to significant improvements in expression, whereas multi-parameter sequence optimization of codons throughout the coding sequence failed. We conclude that coding sequences can be re-wired for high-level protein expression by selective engineering of the 5' coding sequence with synonymous codons, thus circumventing the need to consider whole sequence optimization.
The LIKE system, a novel protein expression toolbox for Bacillus subtilis based on the liaI promoter (2012)

The LIKE protein expression system is a novel protein expression system, which offers a number of advantages over existing systems. Its major advantages are (i) a tightly switched-off promoter during exponential growth in the absence of a stimulus, (ii) a concentration-dependent activation of PliaI in the presence of suitable inducers, (iii) a very fast but transient response with a very high dynamic range of over 100-fold (up to 1,000-fold) induction, (iv) a choice from a range of well-defined, commercially available, and affordable inducers and (v) the convenient conversion of LIKE-derived inducible expression strains into strong constitutive protein production factories.
A Markovian approach for modeling IS-856 reverse link rate control (2004)

The IS-856 standard provides bandwidth-efficient and high-speed wireless internet services to mobile subscribers. It can provide a maximum data rate of 2.4 Mbps on the forward link and 153.6 kbps on the reverse link by adopting advanced techniques. On the reverse link, there is a distributed rate control algorithm, which is based on a probabilistic model. Each mobile determines its data rate at the beginning of a new frame using a reverse activity bit and persistence probabilities. In this paper, the performance of the rate control is analyzed by modeling it as a Markov process. The results show that there is a trade-off between the reverse link throughput and the outage probability. In addition, the performance of the rate control is highly dependent on system parameters of IS-856.
Epitope Mapping by Proteolysis of Antigen–Antibody Complexes (2009)

The ability to accurately characterize an epitope on an antigen is essential to understand the pathogenesis of an infectious material, and for the design and development of drugs and vaccines. Emergence of a new contagious microbial or viral variant necessitates the need for robust identification and characterization of the antigenic determinant. Recent advances have made mass spectrometry (MS) a robust and sensitive analytical tool with high mass accuracy. The use of MS to characterize peptides and proteins has gained popularity in the research arena involving protein-protein interactions. Combining the modern mass spectrometric principles of protein-protein interaction studies with the classical use of limited proteolysis, a linear epitope on a peptide or a protein antigen can be accurately mapped in a short time, compared with other traditional techniques available for epitope mapping. Additionally, complete MS analyses can be achieved with very little sample consumption. Here we discuss the overall approach to characterize the detailed interaction between a linear antigen (either a peptide or a protein antigen) and its corresponding monoclonal antibody by using MS. The steps involved in epitope excision, epitope extraction, and indirect immunosorption are outlined thoroughly. Conditions required for MS analysis using either matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) or electrospray ionization (ESI) sources are summarized, with special emphasis on the experimental protocols.
CW operation of widely and continuously tunable micromachined-coupled-cavity diode lasers (1986)

The CW operating characteristics of a two-section coupled-cavity diode laser formed by micromachining with a focused ion beam are described. Single-longitudinal-mode operation with discrete tunability over 30 Å and continuous tunability over 2.8 Å has been demonstrated.
Synthesis of polyglutathione, polyasparthione, and related sequential polypeptides (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of polyglutathione, polyasparthione, and related sequential polypeptidesJ. Kovacs, C. Kalita, and U. R. GhatakCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 1, 30–34Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00966a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00966a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE UNSTEADY SOLIDIFICATION PROBLEM WITH A SOLUTE ELEMENT BY USING THE BOUNDARY-FITTED COORDINATE SYSTEM (1992)

A numerical method suitable for solving the unsteady solidification problem with a solute element is proposed. The schemes are based on a finite-difference solution of the equations of the transient heat and mass transfer on a boundary-fitted coordinate system, which is always adjusted to the current solid-liquid interface. The temperature and concentration on the moving solid-liquid interface are obtained from the conditions of the heat and solute balance on it. Several examples are displayed. The numerical results of the solid-liquid interface instability are in good agreement with the prediction of Mullins and Sekerka's theory.
In vitro selection of fast-hybridizing and effective antisense RNAs directed against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (1993)

The rate of double strand formation between procaryotic antisense RNA and complementary RNA in vitro is known to correlate with the effectiveness of antisense RNA in vivo. In this work, an in vitro assay for determining the hybridization rates of a large number of antisense RNA species was developed. A set of HIV-1-directed antisense RNAs with the same 5'-end but successively shortened 3'-ends was produced by alkaline hydrolysis of a 150 nt HIV-1-directed antisense transcript. This mixture was used to determine hybridization rates for individual chain lengths with a complementary HIV-1-derived RNA in vitro. The second order binding rate constants of individual antisense RNA species differed by more than a factor of 100, although in some cases, slow-hybridizing and fast-hybridizing antisense RNAs differed by only two or three 3'-terminally-located nucleotides. The results indicated that there was not a trivial dependence of binding rates on the chain length of antisense RNAs. Further, the binding rate constants determined in vitro for individual antisense RNA species correlated with the extent of inhibition of HIV-1 replication in vivo.
Dietary feeding of proanthocyanidins from grape seeds prevents photocarcinogenesis in SKH-1 hairless mice: relationship to decreased fat and lipid peroxidation (2003)

The use of dietary botanicals is receiving considerable interest in the protection of skin from the adverse biological effects of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Dietary feeding of proanthocyanidins extracted from grape seeds (GSP) (0.2 and 0.5%, w/w) in AIN76 control diet to SKH-1 hairless mice resulted in prevention of photocarcinogenesis in terms of tumor incidence (20-95%), tumor multiplicity (46-95%) and tumor size (29-94%) against UVB-induced complete (both initiation + promotion), initiation and promotion stages of photocarcinogenesis. Feeding of GSP (0.5%, w/w) also resulted in prevention of malignant transformation of UVB-induced papillomas to carcinomas in terms of carcinoma incidence (45%), carcinoma multiplicity (61%) and carcinoma size (75%) compared with non-GSP treated mice following UVB-induced complete carcinogenesis protocol at the end of 30 weeks. Biochemical analysis revealed that treatment of GSP in vivo and in vitro systems significantly inhibited UVB- or Fe3+-induced lipid peroxidation by 57-66% (P<0.01) and 41-77% (P< 0.05-0.001), respectively, thus suggesting the antioxidant mechanism of photoprotection by GSP. Long-term feeding of GSP did not show apparent signs of toxicity in mice when determined in terms of body weight, diet consumption and physical characteristics of internal body organs like spleen, liver and kidney. Feeding of GSP also did not show apparent signs of toxicity when determined in terms of total body mass (mass of lean + fat), total bone mineral density and total bone mineral content by employing dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). DXA analysis also revealed that feeding of GSP significantly decreased tissue fat level (24-27%, P<0.05) without changing the total body mass of the animals compared with non-GSP-fed animals. This can be attributed to increased lipolysis or decreased synthesis of fat due to administration of GSP. Together, it can be suggested that inhibition of photocarcinogenesis by GSP treatment may be associated with the reduction in UVB-induced oxidative damage and tissue fat content.
Research on Generator Set Control of Range Extender Pure Electric Vehicles (2010)

Since driving range of electric vehicles is too short at present, generator set is needed to extend it. To achieve this goal, a generator set control method of range extender pure electric vehicles is provided here. Terminal voltage of battery, current of battery and discharge time is adopted as control parameters for generator set's state control and transition. This control method is proved to be effective by experiments.
Cerebral emboli as a potential cause of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: casecontrol study (2006)

Spontaneous cerebral emboli were significantly associated with both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. They may represent a potentially preventable or treatable cause of dementia.
Seamless texture mapping of subdivision surfaces by model pelting and texture blending (2000)

Subdivision surfaces solve numerous problems related to the geometry of character and animation models. However, unlike on parametrised surfaces there is no natural choice of texture coordinates on subdivision surfaces. Existing algorithms for generating texture coordinates on non-parametrised surfaces often find solutions that are locally acceptable but globally are unsuitable for use by artists wishing to paint textures. In addition, for topological reasons there is not necessarily any choice of assignment of texture coordinates to control points that can satisfactorily be interpolated over the entire surface. We introduce a technique, pelting, for finding both optimal and intuitive texture mapping over almost all of an entire subdivision surface and then show how to combine multiple texture mappings together to produce a seamless result.
A simple remote system for the high-level radioiodination of monoclonal antibodies. (1989)

We have developed a system for the remote control radiolabeling of monoclonal antibodies (MoAb). The system is simple, inexpensive to assemble, and completely disposable. Reagents are pneumatically manipulated into vials containing Iodogen and an anion exchange resin, wherein iodination and separation of bound from free iodine occur, respectively, and sterilized (by filter) into a final vial. Radiolabeling yields of 38.9 +/- 5.5% were consistently produced with 99.3 +/- 0.2% of the isotope bound to the antibody. These results were not significantly different from those obtained in manual iodinations. However, the radiation dose to the hands of the laboratory worker in the remote mode was reduced at least ninefold. The system is presently being introduced for 300 to 400 mCi 131I iodinations of the anti-ovarian cancer MoAb OC 125 in a Phase I radioimmunotherapy trial.
β2-adrenergic receptor and UCP3 variants modulate the relationship between age and type 2 diabetes mellitus (2006)

Although our results should be confirmed by further studies, our data suggests that, when properly evaluated, it is possible to identify genetic factors that could influence the effect of common risk factors.
Performance improvements of a 50 km acoustic transmission through adaptive equalization and spatial diversity (2002)

Adaptive multichannel equalizers have become an important matter of interest in acoustic underwater communications. Their application has made data transmission over long ranges possible. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of multichannel equalization applied to underwater acoustic transmissions. We analyze the optimal multichannel filtering structures and calculate their performances analytically. Then, we introduce a simple structure and discuss its implementation for real-time applications. Eventually we show some experimental results obtained with this multichannel receiver on a 50 km acoustic link and analyze the improvements generated by spatial combining.
Sentiment analysis of student reviews of student writing (2014)

Eli is a web-based application for coordi-nating and assessing writing review, typi-cally used by students in English composi-tion classes at the secondary or undergrad-uate level. It provides students and in-structors with information about the reviews that students write of one another’s writing, based on reception (whether the original au-thor finds the review helpful), but does not cur-rently attempt to compute any metrics based on the content of the reviews themselves. I examine some sentiment-determination ap-proaches, implemented using the UIMA frame-work, and their applicability to the Eli review data. The long-term goal of this project is to use sentiment-determination techniques to an-alyze the rhetorical tone—the attitude of the writer toward the material—of reviews. I de-scribe how this information may be useful for instructors, and how the introduction of NLP techniques into an application like Eli can ex-tend its capabilities; and discuss what senti-ment analysis might tell us about writing re-view.
The investigation of an integrated gas sensor array (2003)

A micro integrated gas sensor array has been designed and fabricated with surface micro-machining technology. The sensor array consists of four elements integrated on a chip. Two different kinds of SnO/sub 2/ film were sputtered on the four sensors. Au and Pt were deposited on the surface of SnO/sub 2/ film as catalysts. The four sensors can be independently controlled by separate heater and temperature sensor. When implementing the function of electronic nose, the array can differentiate CO, NO/sub 2/ and H/sub 2/S and measure the concentration of each gas without the analysis of artificial neural network.
Elastic wave propagation in fluid-saturated porous media II (1981)

Recently, a new method of deriving the coefficients in the strain energy functional of Biot’s theory for elastic waves in fluid-saturated porous media was proposed. The results of this approach have been criticized as being unphysical in the limit K*/Kf → 0, where K* and Kf are the frame and fluid bulk moduli. We show that an error arose due to the literal interpretation of the term ef as the fluid dilatation whereas this term actually differs substantially from the fluid dilatation in some situations. We also show that by lumping part of the solid together with the fluid (conceptually) to form a fictitious fluid suspension, the corresponding fictitious ef may be correctly interpreted as the dilatation of the fluid suspension. This trick leads to a transformation which takes the recently published formulas into standard form. The standard formulas are found to be invariant under the same transformation. New insight into the significance of the standard formulas for the coefficients is obtained.
Enhanced access to digital video through visually rich interfaces (2003)

An image-rich interface is presented, which emphasizes visual exploration of sets of images representing shots returned from a query of filter against a digital video corpus. This interface, a storyboard of keyframes for multiple video segments, maintains temporal layout, accommodates contextual cues and filtering, supports additional filtering through visual features, and provides a means of drilling down to synchronized points in the associated video. These features allow for effective information retrieval from a video collection, as evidenced by the success achieved in interactive query for the TREC 2002 Video Retrieval Track (TREC-V). This paper introduces TREC-V, discusses the design of the multi-segment storyboard interface, illustrates its use with respect to the TREC-V topics, and presents results and conclusions based on the TREC-V evaluation.
Combination treatment with varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy (2009)

Our findings suggest that combination therapy with varenicline and NRT is safe and well tolerated among patients in a residential tobacco treatment program.
Amylose–Vanillin Complexation Assessed by a Joint Experimental and Theoretical Analysis (2011)

A joint experimental and theoretical study has been carried out on the amylose–vanillin complex, demonstrating its formation by X-ray diffraction as well as UV/visible and circular dichroism spectroscopic techniques. Theoretical simulations substantiate these experimental data and the variations of properties upon complexation by evidencing the stability of the inclusion of vanillin in the helical cavity as well as by explaining the related changes of the linear (chiro-)optical properties. In particular, the circular dichroism (CD) signature of the vanillin inclusion complex results from a geometrical distortion induced by the complexation with the surrounding amylose helix. The use of the ONIOM technique mixing B3LYP and PM6 levels of approximation to include the interactions between different layers (together with the IEFPCM model to describe the solvent) appears to be a satisfactory methodology to simulate both the UV and CD spectra for these compounds.
An Analytic Approach to People Evaluation in Crowdsourcing Systems (2012)

Worker selection is a significant and challenging issue in crowdsourcing systems. Such selection is usually based on an assessment of the reputation of the individual workers participating in such systems. However, assessing the credibility and adequacy of such calculated reputation is a real challenge. In this paper, we propose an analytic model which leverages the values of the tasks completed, the credibility of the evaluators of the results of the tasks and time of evaluation of the results of these tasks in order to calculate an accurate and credible reputation rank of participating workers and fairness rank for evaluators. The model has been implemented and experimentally validated.
ChemInform Abstract: New Synthesis of Macrocyclic Crown‐Formazans (I) from Pyruvic Acid Derivatives. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
[Three-dimensional helical CT angiography of the abdomen]. (1995)

To evaluate the quality of three-dimensional (3D) images of the abdominal vasculature acquired using enhanced helical CT, 3D reconstructions were performed for 43 examinations (38 patients). Twenty-one of 43 examinations were also reconstructed by Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP). The CT scanner employed was the Toshiba Xforce. Helical CT data were acquired using up to 20 continuous 1.5-sec rotations with an X-ray beam width of 5 mm and a couchtop movement speed of 5 to 10 mm/1.5 sec. Axial images were reconstructed at a section interval of 2 mm. Optimal protocol on enhanced helical CT was as follows: Iopamidol 300 mg I/ml was administered intravenously using a biphasic technique (3-4 ml/sec for the initial 100 ml, followed by 0.7-1.5 ml for the remaining 50 ml), and delay times of the early and late phases were 25-35 and 90 sec, respectively. Aortic branches were clearly demonstrated on early phase, while portal branches were well defined on late phase. In the visualization of abdominal vessels, 3D images were nearly equal to MIP images. However, for anteroposterior images, MIP images were superior to 3D images in quality, because 3D images had some longitudinal direction artifacts. Three-dimensional images were considered to be useful for correctly evaluating overlapping abdominal vasculatures. From the above results, 3D and MIP images of the abdominal vasculature obtained using enhanced helical CT were considered to compensate for each other.
Comparison of the effects of ranitidine, cimetidine and placebo on the 24 hour intragastric acidity and nocturnal acid secretion in patients with duodenal ulcer. (1981)

Twenty-four hour intragastric acidity and nocturnal acid secretion were measured in 10 males with duodenal ulcer in four separate 24 hour studies, during which the subjects ate normal meals, had unrestricted physical activity, and consumed their customary quantities of tobacco. The medication consisted of either placebo, cimetidine 200 mg tds and 400 mg at night, or ranitidine 150 mg bd, or 200 mg bd. Ranitidine 150 mg bd decreased mean 24 hour hydrogen ion activity from 41.8 mmol/l to 13.1 mmol/l (-69%, P less than 0.001) and nocturnal acid output from 6.1 mmol/h to 0.6 mmol/h (-90%, P less than 0.01). This degree of inhibition was significantly greater than that due to cimetidine (P less than 0.001 for 24 hours acidity, less than 0.05 for night time acid output). Plasma concentrations of ranitidine were greater than the IC50 for more than eight hours after the 150 mg dose. Ranitidine 200 mg conferred no additional advantage. Ranitidine 150 mg bd should be tested in therapeutic trials.