gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of 3‐hydroxypropionic acid from glycerol by recombinant <i>Pseudomonas denitrificans</i> (2013)

3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) can be produced from glycerol through two sequential enzymatic reactions that are catalyzed by a coenzyme B12 -dependent glycerol dehydratase and an NAD(P)(+) -dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), respectively. Pseudomonas denitrificans synthesizes coenzyme B12 under aerobic conditions, where NAD(P)(+) is regenerated efficiently. Hence, it is considered an ideal host for the production of 3-HP from glycerol under aerobic conditions. In this study, recombinant strains of P. denitrificans were developed and their potential for the production of 3-HP from glycerol was evaluated. When the enzymes, glycerol dehydratase (DhaB) and glycerol dehydratase reactivase (GdrAB), of Klebsiella pneumoniae were expressed heterologously, P. denitrificans could produce 3-HP at 37.7 mmol/L with 62% (mol/mol) yield on glycerol. Glucose was required as the carbon and energy sources for cell growth. The overexpression of heterologous ALDH was not essential; however, the titer and yield of 3-HP were improved to 54.7 mmol/L and 67% (mol/mol), respectively, when an ALDH gene (puuC) from K. pneumoniae was overexpressed. One serious drawback hindering the use of P. denitrificans as a recombinant host for 3-HP production is that it oxidizes 3-HP to malonate and utilizes 3-HP as a carbon source for growth. This is the first report on the development and use of recombinant P. denitrificans for 3-HP production from glycerol.
Reduced Serum-Stimulatory Activity on Prostacyclin Production by Cultured Aortic Endothelial Cells in Diabetes mellitus (1986)

Reduced prostacyclin (PGI2) production by the vascular wall has been proposed as a possible cause of macro- or microangiopathy in diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we confirmed the stimulatory activity on PGI2 (PSA) production in plasma-derived serum (PDS) by cultured aortic endothelial cells. Furthermore, the abnormality of PSA was examined in diabetic PDS. PSA in PDS from non-insulin-dependent diabetics significantly decreased as compared with that in PDS from age-matched control subjects. There was no difference in PSA in PDS between diabetic patients with and without vascular complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy. In addition, after treatment with dialysis, PSA in diabetic PDS was still not restored to that in normal PDS. These findings suggest that relatively heat-stable (56 degrees C, 30 min) and nondialyzable PGI2 stimulatory substance(s) may decrease in diabetic PDS. It is concluded that a reduction in PDS-stimulated PGI2 production by the vascular wall can play an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular lesions in diabetes mellitus.
The determination of tissue‐specific <scp>DNA</scp> methylation patterns in forensic biofluids using bisulfite modification and pyrosequencing (2012)

The goal of this study is to explore the application of epigenetic markers in the identification of biofluids that are commonly found at the crime scene. A series of genetic loci were examined in order to define epigenetic markers that display differential methylation patterns between blood, saliva, semen, and epithelial tissue. Among the different loci tested, we have identified a panel of markers, C20orf117, ZC3H12D, BCAS4, and FGF7, that can be used in the determination of these four tissue types. Since methylation modifications occur at cytosine bases that are immediately followed by guanine bases (CpG sites), methylation levels were measured at CpG sites spanning each marker. Up to 11 samples of each tissue type were collected and subjected to bisulfite modification to convert unmethylated CpG-associated cytosine bases to thymine bases. The bisulfite modified DNA was then amplified via nested PCR using a primer set of which one primer was biotin labeled. Biotinylated PCR products were in turn analyzed and the methylation level at each CpG site was quantitated by pyrosequencing. The percent methylation values at each CpG site were determined and averaged for each tissue type. The results indicated significant methylation differences between the tissue types. The methylation patterns at the ZC3H12D and FGF7 loci differentiated sperm from blood, saliva, and epithelial cells. The C20orf117 locus differentiated blood from sperm, saliva, and epithelial cells and saliva was differentiated from blood, sperm, and epithelial cells at a fourth locus, BCAS4. The results of this study demonstrate the applicability of epigenetic markers as a novel tool for the determination of biofluids using bisulfite modification and pyrosequencing.
Transonic wing optimization using Genetic Algorithm (1997)

A Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been applied to optimize a transonic wing shape for generic transport aircraft. A threedimensional compressible Navier-Stokes (N-S) solver is used to evaluate aerodynamic performance. The N-S evaluation is parallelized on Numerical Wind Tunnel (NWT) at National Aerospace Laboratory in Japan, a parallel vector machine with 166 processing elements. Designed wings show a tradeoff between an increase of the airfoil thickness driven by a structural constraint and a reduction of the wave drag produced by a shock wave. The present result indicates that GA has found a best feasible solution in the given design constraints.
Reliability assessment of transmission and distribution systems considering repair in adverse weather conditions (2003)

The physical environment in which a transmission and distribution system resides has a significant impact on the resulting reliability of the network. Many researchers throughout the world believe that extreme adverse weather is becoming more frequent and severe. This paper illustrates a model that can be utilized for the predictive assessment of reliability indices in both adverse and extreme adverse weather conditions. Incorporating the failures that take place in extreme adverse weather calls for different models and techniques. In this paper, analysis is done using three different weather models: the conventional single and two weather state models and a three weather state model. The model presented in the paper incorporates the ability to consider repair in adverse weather and examines the effect of including this in the analysis. The ability to conduct repair during adverse weather conditions has a positive effect on the reliability indices of average system failure rate and average system outage duration.
Organometallic chemistry of vinylidene and related unsaturated carbenes (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleOrganometallic chemistry of vinylidene and related unsaturated carbenesMichael I. BruceCite this: Chem. Rev. 1991, 91, 2, 197–257Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00002a005https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00002a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3560Altmetric-Citations987LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Lymphocyte Apoptosis: Mediation by Increased Type 3 Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor (1996)

B and T lymphocytes undergoing apoptosis in response to anti-immunoglobulin M antibodies and dexamethasone, respectively, were found to have increased amounts of messenger RNA for the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and increased amounts of IP3R protein. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the augmented receptor population was localized to the plasma membrane. Type 3 IP3R (IP3R3) was selectively increased during apoptosis, with no enhancement of type 1 IP3R (IP3R1). Expression of IP3R3 antisense constructs in S49 T cells blocked dexamethasone-induced apoptosis, whereas IP3R3 sense, IP3R1 sense, or IP3R1 antisense control constructs did not block cell death. Thus, the increases in IP3R3 may be causally related to apoptosis.
Evidence that Tobacco Smoking Increases the Density of (−)‐[<sup>3</sup>H]Nicotine Binding Sites in Human Brain (1988)

In a postmortem study of nicotinic receptors in human brain, cigarette smoking was found to be associated with increased (-)-[3H]nicotine binding to membranes prepared from gyrus rectus (Brodmann area 11) (p less than 0.001), hippocampal neocortex (Brodmann area 27), cerebellar cortex (p less than 0.01), hippocampal formation (Ammon's horn + subiculum), and the median raphe nuclei of the midbrain (p less than 0.05) but not the medulla oblongata. Analysis of the binding data suggested that the increased binding reflected an increase in the density of the receptors rather than a change in their affinity for (-)-nicotine. The effects of smoking were not influenced significantly by either the sex or age of the subject. It is concluded that smoking evokes an increase in high-affinity nicotine binding similar to that observed previously in animals treated chronically with nicotine and that the effect of smoking on these sites is probably caused by the nicotine present in the tobacco smoke.
G-commerce: market formulations controlling resource allocation on the computational grid (2002)

In this paper we investigate G-commerce-computational economies for controlling resource allocation in Computational Grid settings. We define hypothetical resource consumers (representing users and Grid-aware applications) and resource producers (representing resource owners who "sell" their resources to the Grid). We then measure the efficiency of resource allocation under two different market conditions: commodities markets and auctions. We compare both market strategies in terms of price stability, market equilibrium, consumer efficiency, and producer efficiency. Our results indicate that commodities markets are a better choice for controlling Grid resources than previously defined auction strategies.
Radial junction amorphous silicon solar cells on PECVD-grown silicon nanowires (2012)

Constructing radial junction hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cells on top of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) represents a promising approach towards high performance and cost-effective thin film photovoltaics. We here develop an all-in situ strategy to grow SiNWs, via a vapour-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism on top of ZnO-coated glass substrate, in a plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) reactor. Controlling the distribution of indium catalyst drops allows us to tailor the as-grown SiNW arrays into suitable size and density, which in turn results in both a sufficient light trapping effect and a suitable arrangement allowing for conformal coverage of SiNWs by subsequent a-Si:H layers. We then demonstrate the fabrication of radial junction solar cells and carry on a parametric study designed to shed light on the absorption and quantum efficiency response, as functions of the intrinsic a-Si:H layer thickness and the density of SiNWs. These results lay a solid foundation for future structural optimization and performance ramp-up of the radial junction thin film a-Si:H photovoltaics.
Involvement of CYP1A2 in mexiletine metabolism (1998)

Mexiletine is a substrate of CYP1A2. The data obtained in this study suggest that the interaction of mexiletine with theophylline might be due to competitive inhibition of CYP1A2.
Superconducting Transitions of BiSrCaCu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>x</sub> Quenched from High Temperatures (1988)

The BiSrCaCu 2 O x specimens have been quenched from various elevated temperatures (200°C ∼860°C) to liquid nitrogen. The X-ray diffraction study revealed that the crystalline structure of specimens is essentially tetragonal. We found that the lower T c as well as the higher T c vary remarkably but differently as a function of a quenching temperature T q . We present evidence that the opposite T c variation observed between 400°C and 700°C cannot be attributed to a microscopic interaction between two phases but might be inherent.
Patients With Proneural Glioblastoma May Derive Overall Survival Benefit From the Addition of Bevacizumab to First-Line Radiotherapy and Temozolomide: Retrospective Analysis of the AVAglio Trial (2015)

Retrospective analysis of AVAglio data suggests that patients with IDH1 wild-type proneural glioblastoma may derive an OS benefit from first-line bevacizumab treatment. The predictive value of the proneural subtype observed in AVAglio should be validated in an independent data set.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Some New Aryl α‐(3‐Substituted‐carbazol‐9‐yl) acetates/propionates as Possible Antiinflammatory and Analgesic Agents. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The YXXL signalling motifs of the bovine leukemia virus transmembrane protein are required for in vivo infection and maintenance of high viral loads (1995)

The bovine leukemia virus (BLV) transmembrane protein (gp30) contains three YXXL motifs at its carboxyterminal end. Two of these motifs have been implicated in vitro in signal transduction pathways from the external to the intracellular compartment. In order to analyze the biological relevance of these motifs in vivo, recombinant BLV proviruses were constructed. A mutation of the tyrosine residue of the second YXXL motif completely destroyed the infectious potential of the virus in sheep. In contrast, the tyrosine of the first motif appeared to be dispensable for infectivity. However, the propagation of the recombinant virus within the animal was greatly impaired (as demonstrated by PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). These recombinant BLVs thus exhibit an attenuated phenotype. Altogether, our data demonstrate the importance of the YXXL motifs of the BLV transmembrane protein for in vivo infection and viral propagation.
THE INFLUENCE OF HARVEST MATURITY, CURING AND STORAGE CONDITIONS UPON THE STORABILITY OF SWEET ONIONS (1997)

Granex onions were harvested during three seasons at three levels of maturity of either early, optimum or late,cured for three durations of either 24, 48, or 72 h and stored in an air-conditioned environment of either a high or lowhumidity under a common temperature. Storability was measured by the rate of decay of onions in storage. When storedin an air-conditioned room, sweet onions eventually decayed, but their rate of decay was influenced by the treatments.Overall storability: diminished more rapidly beyond 10 weeks than before 10 weeks; was higher for early harvestedonions; was enhanced by 48 h of curing; and was enhanced by an environment of low humidity. Storability by harvestmaturity: was not enhanced by curing beyond 24 h for late and 48 h for optimal harvest onions, but for early harvestedonions storability was enhanced by curing as much as 72 h. Of all treatments, harvest maturity had the greatest influenceupon storability. Even though onions of an early harvest maturity had a higher storability than other maturities ofharvest, the onions had not reached their highest quality nor their maximum yield and so the optimal harvest maturitywas a compromise between yield, quality and storability.
A parallel pipelined renderer for time-varying volume data (2002)

This paper presents a strategy for efficiently rendering time-varying volume data on a distributed-memory parallel computer. Visualizing time-varying volume data take both large storage space and long computation time. Instead of employing all processors to render one volume at a time, a pipelined rendering approach partitions processors into groups so that multiple volumes can be rendered concurrently. The overall rendering time is greatly minimized because rendering is overlapped with I/O required to load the volume data sets. Moreover, parallelization overhead may be reduced as a result of partitioning the processors. We modify an existing parallel volume renderer to exploit various levels of rendering parallelism and to study how the partitioning of processors may lead to optimal rendering performance. We find that two factors affecting the overall execution time are resource utilization efficiency and pipeline startup latency. The optimal partitioning configuration is the one that balances these two factors. Tests on Intel Paragon computers show that in general optimal partitionings do exist for a given rendering task and result in 40-50% saving in overall rendering time.
Intracellular Quality Control by Autophagy: How Does Autophagy Prevent Neurodegeneration? (2006)

Autophagy is an intracellular bulk degradation process, through which a portion of cytoplasm is delivered to lysosomes to be degraded. In many organisms, the primary role of autophagy is adaptation to starvation. However, we have found that autophagy is also important for intracellular protein quality control. Atg5(-/-) mice die shortly after birth due, at least in part, to nutrient deficiency. These mice also exhibit an intracellular accumulation of protein aggregates in neurons and hepatocytes. We now report the generation of neural cell-specific Atg5-deficient mice. Atg5( flox/flox);Nestin-Cre mice show progressive deficits in motor function and degeneration of some neural cells. In autophagy-deficient cells, diffuse accumulation of abnormal proteins occurs, followed by the generation of aggregates and inclusions. This study emphasizes the point that basal autophagy is important even in individuals who do not express neurodegenerative disease-associated mutant proteins. Furthermore, the primary targets of autophagy are diffuse cytosolic proteins, not protein aggregates themselves.
法国社会党与国家权力的关系：模式、历史与逻辑 (2012)

法国社会党与执政的关系非常独特，“雄心壮志”与“后悔莫及”两种状态不断变换纠缠。由法国社会党高级官员阿兰·贝尔古纽（Alain Bergounioux）与巴黎政治大学欧洲研究中心和法国国家科学研究中心原主任热拉尔德·格伦贝格（Gerard Grunberg）合著的《梦想与追悔：法国社会党与权力关系100年》（Fayard，2005），
HIV-1 Protease Flaps Spontaneously Close to the Correct Structure in Simulations Following Manual Placement of an Inhibitor into the Open State (2006)

We report unrestrained, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of HIV-1 protease (HIV-PR) with a continuum solvent model that reproducibly sample closing of the active site flaps following manual placement of a cyclic urea inhibitor into the substrate binding site of the open protease. The open form was obtained from the unbound, semi-open HIV-PR crystal structure, which we recently reported (Hornak, V.; et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2006, 103, 915-920.) to have spontaneously opened during unrestrained dynamics. In those simulations, the transiently open flaps always returned to the semi-open form that is observed in all crystal structures of the free protease. Here, we show that manual docking of the inhibitor reproducibly induces spontaneous conversion to the closed form as seen in all inhibitor-bound HIV-PR crystal structures. These simulations reproduced not only the greater degree of flap closure, but also the striking difference in flap "handedness" between bound and free enzyme. In most of the simulations, the final structures were highly accurate. Root-mean-square deviations (RMSD) from the crystal structure of the complex were approximately 1.5 A (averaged over the last 100 ps) for the inhibitor and each flap despite initial RMSD of 2-5 A for the inhibitors and 6-11 A for the flaps. Key hydrogen bonds were formed between the flap tips and between flaps and inhibitor that match those seen in the crystal structure. The results demonstrate that all-atom simulations have the ability to significantly improve poorly docked ligand conformations and reproduce large-scale receptor conformational changes that occur upon binding.
Selective plating medium for quantitative recovery of food-borne Listeria monocytogenes (1990)

A new plating medium (lithium chloride-ceftazidime agar [LCA]) was designed to quantitatively recover food-borne Listeria monocytogenes in the form of large colonies while inhibiting most other food-borne microorganisms. This medium included brain heart infusion agar as the nutritive agar base and a combination of selective agents (LiCl, glycine anhydride, and ceftazidime). Comparison of LCA and lithium chloride-phenylethanol-moxalactam agar (LPM) indicated that both were equally effective for the enumeration of the cold-tolerant pathogen in artificially and naturally contaminated foods. However, LCA was more effective than LPM in the recovery of sublethally heat-injured cells. Moreover, Listeria colonies on LCA exhibited a more distinct bluish hue than those on LPM when viewed by the Henry oblique transillumination technique.
Preparation of monohalopyrroles (1982)

Abstract Monobromo‐, monochloro‐ and monoiodopyrroles are obtained in excellent yields by using N ‐halosuccinimides in dimethylformamide as halogenating agents.
Roundtable Discussion Examining Ritual, Technology, and Community in Urban Communication (2010)

Pervasive technologies that now exist in the urban setting have greatly improved the ability to connect on a macro-level, but have minimized the intimate shared experience of community on a micro level. This paper explores how technology has changed rituals within the global community and has contributed new methods to the process of human interaction. Technology’s influence on civic engagement, business meetings, shopping and socializing are examined to assess the impact technology has on human connections.
Comparison Between Linear and Nonlinear Control of an Electropneumatic Servodrive (1996)

In the robotics field control laws taking into account the nonlinearities caused by the mechanical structure have been proposed, assuming that the drive system is linear. These control laws are well-adapted to the case of electric actuators. Electrohydraulics or electropneumatics drive systems introduce other nonlinearities coming both from the servo-valve and the actuator. In most cases these nonlinearities are neglected and the control laws usually used for these drive systems are based on a reduced third-order model obtained by a tangent linearization. A more satisfying solution is to introduce the nonlinearities of the drive system in the control law. This paper deals with the nonlinear control of an electropneumatic servodrive and is based on the nonlinear control theory in continuous time. It takes into account the main specific nonlinearities. The proposed control law consists of an exact input-output linearization via a static nonlinear state feedback. In our case, this control law leads to a one-dimensional unobservable subspace in closed-loop. A physical interpretation of this nonlinear control is given. This interpretation enables us to improve the understanding of the behavior of an electropneumatic servodrive. In order to compare the results obtained from an experimental device, the synthesis of a linear control law in discrete and continuous time is presented. A study in discrete time of the root locus versus position of the closed loop system with the linear control law, shows oscillations in the neighbourhood of the end of the actuator stroke. The experimental results confirm this fact. With nonlinear control these oscillations are suppressed.