gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Growth factor therapy (1998)

Neurotrophic factors are molecules that specifically promote neuronal survival, axonal growth, and synaptic plasticity. Different populations of neurons respond to specific neurotrophic factors, thereby providing potential tools for targeting various neurological disorders. In animal models of human diseases—including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), stroke, spinal cord injury, and peripheral neuropathy—neurotrophic factors have convincingly exhibited the ability to promote neuronal rescue, elicit axonal growth, and generate functional recovery. Yet clinical trials of neurotrophic factors have yielded little success to date, demonstrating preliminary efficacy for the treatment of peripheral neuropathy but failing to show benefit in several other neurological diseases. An emerging concept in the application of this extremely powerful and promising class of molecules for the treatment of nervous system disease is that their mode of delivery to the nervous system is critical: neurotrophic factors must be delivered specifically and accurately to neuronal targets, a difficult feat when delivering large molecules across the blood–brain barrier. Several novel approaches for delivering neurotrophic factors to the nervous system are under development, including gene therapy, focal intraparenchymal brain infusion, carrier-mediated transport, and small molecular analogs to neurotrophic factors that can cross the blood–brain barrier. These approaches are likely to establish neurotrophic factors as a mainstay of neurological therapy in the future, providing not only a means of compensating for nervous system disease once it has occurred, but for the first time, preventing or reducing the rate of disease progression. MRDD Research Reviews 1998;4:212–222. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Laser Propulsion: The Early Years (2003)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Peter E. Nebolsine, Anthony N. Pirri; Laser Propulsion: The Early Years. AIP Conf. Proc. 14 May 2003; 664 (1): 11–21. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1582092 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Stable Copper Isotopes: A Novel Tool to Trace Copper Behavior in Hydromorphic Soils (2010)

Copper is an essential micronutrient for all organisms but may also be a pollutant. We studied the natural abundance of stable Cu isotope ratios in four soils to test whether δ 65 Cu values can be used as a tracer for biogeochemical processes in hydromorphic soils. Two of the soils were affected by stagnant water and the other two by groundwater. We determined standard soil properties and Cu partitioning into seven fractions of a sequential extraction. Copper stable isotope ratios were measured in total soil digests with multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Copper concentrations in the study soils were low to average (5–34 mg kg −1 ). The variation in Cu isotope ratios was up to 0.6‰ in an individual soil. The organic layers of two of the profiles had lighter δ 65 Cu values than the mineral soil, indicating isotopic fractionation of Cu during soil–plant–soil transfer. In the mineral soil, Cu isotopes showed distinguishable variations of up to 0.45‰. The vertical distribution of the δ 65 Cu values, which paralleled that of the poorly crystalline to crystalline Fe oxide ratios, offers the first hints that Cu isotope ratios in soils may be influenced by alternating redox conditions. We conclude that variations in δ 65 Cu in soils are large enough to be distinguished and may be indicative of biogeochemical cycling and geochemical processes. In particular, Cu isotope ratios might be helpful to trace long‐term processes such as element transport and redox conditions, which are difficult to assess otherwise.
Failure of Sacral Nerve Stimulation Due to Migration of Tined Lead (2006)

Lead migration after placement of the tined lead can occur and thus sacral radiographs should be routinely used. This complication can be easily resolved without significant morbidity to the patient.
Clostridium perfringens type A enterotoxin: a rapid method for preparation of a specific antiserum using an enterotoxin purified by the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique (1984)

A type A Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin was chially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation (0 to 15%) and was submitted to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (7%). A specific enterotoxin antiserum was obtained by inoculating a rabbit with the polyacrylamide gel strip containing the enterotoxin. This serum gave only one precipitin line with purified enterotoxin and cellular extract in immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. The titer (1:8) in counter-immunoelectrophoresis was sufficient to detect 0.39 μg/ml enterotoxin by this technique. This serum neutralized the mouse lethality, cytotoxicity and plating efficiency of Vero cells.
High-frequency CML clock dividers in 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS operating up to 38 GHz (2005)

The analysis and design of two novel high-speed CMOS clock dividers is discussed. The realizations of these circuits in a 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS process show a significant improvement in high-frequency operation compared to a conventional D flip-flop-based divider. Measured sensitivity curves of these dividers give maximum frequency of operation ranging from 20 to 38 GHz with power consumption of 12 mW from a 1.8-V supply voltage.
Influence of cross‐linked PMMA beads on the mechanical behavior of self‐curing acrylic cements (2004)

Cross-linked PMMA beads were prepared with the use of two cross-linking agents with different chain lengths: triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA). Beads containing 10 wt % TEGDMA and 2, 5, and 10 wt % PEGDMA were synthesized by suspension polymerization. Experimental cement formulations were prepared by replacing part of the PMMA powder phase by an equivalent weight of the cross-linked beads. The mechanical behavior of the modified cements was carried out by testing the cements in flexure and compression. All cements displayed a higher flexural modulus, which was accompanied with a slight decrease in the flexural strength. The two-parameter Weibull model, which was used to analyze the flexural strength data, gave a good representation of the fracture load distribution. In cements prepared with beads containing 2 and 5 wt % PEGDMA and 10 wt % TEGDMA, no improvement in the flexural strength was observed. Debonding of the particles from the matrix was considered responsible for the decreased flexural strength. On the contrary, cements prepared with different proportions of beads containing 10 wt % PEGDMA resulted in a markedly increased flexural strength compared with the unmodified cement. An improved reinforcing effect of the cross-linked beads and a significant degree of bonding with the matrix in these cements account for the superior flexural strength compared with the other composite cements tested.
Onset and progression of experimental bioprosthetic heart valve calcification. (1985)

Calcification, the major cause of bioprosthetic heart valve failures, is a serious clinical problem with uncertain pathogenesis. The objectives of the present study were to define the progressive chemical and morphologic sequence of mineralization in glutaraldehyde-treated porcine aortic valve cusps implanted subcutaneously in rats and to compare the pathology and pathophysiology of calcification in subcutaneous implants with that of orthotopic valve replacements in calves. Cusps were implanted subcutaneously in 3-week-old rats for 24 hours to 18 weeks. Cuspal calcium was 114 +/- 18 micrograms/mg of dry weight (mean +/- SEM) at day 21 and 218 +/- 6 at day 56 of implantation and unchanged thereafter. The earliest mineral deposits, noted at 48 hours, were associated with devitalized porcine connective tissue cells, but by 7 days, mineral deposits also involved collagen bundles. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray analysis demonstrated predominant accumulation in the spongiosa with a spongiosa to fibrosa energy-dispersive x-ray analysis count ratio of calcium of 15 at 21 days. In stent-mounted glutaraldehyde-preserved porcine valves implanted in five calves as mitral replacements for 69 to 142 days, cuspal calcium was 86 micrograms/mg (mean) (range 47 to 128). Calf implants also had cell oriented and collagen calcification predominating in the valvar spongiosa. In both rat subcutaneous and calf mitral valve models, early diffuse calcific microcrystals evolved into confluent nodules that disrupted tissue architecture. It is concluded that calcification of glutaraldehyde-preserved porcine aortic valves implanted subcutaneously in rats begins within 48 hours, earliest deposits are localized to residual porcine connective tissue cells, but latter deposits also involve collagen fibrils, mineralization is most prominent in the spongiosa, the pathology of calcification in rat subcutaneous implants and calf mitral replacements is comparable, suggesting a common pathophysiology, and calcific nodule formation most likely initiates clinical features.
Review of Shi (2011): 历史比较语言学：方音比较与层次 (2011)

Preview this article: 侍建国 Shi, Jianguo. 2011. 历史比较语言学：方音比较与层次 Lishi Bijiao Yuyanxue: Fangyin Bijiao yu Cengci, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/cld.2.2.05xu-1.gif
Marijuana and Immunity (1992)

Despite the fairly large literature that developed during the past 15 years or so, the effect of cannabinoids on the immune system is still unsettled. The evidence has been contradictory and is more supportive of some degree of immunosuppression only when one considers in vitro studies. These have been seriously flawed by the very high concentrations of drug used to produce immunosuppression and by the lack of comparisons with other membrane-active drugs. The closer that experimental studies have been to actual clinical situations, the less compelling has been the evidence. Although the topic was of great interest during the 1970's, as indicated by the preponderance of the references from that period, interest has waned during the present decade. This waning of interest suggests that perhaps most investigators feel that this line of inquiry will not be rewarding. The AIDS epidemic has also diverted the attention of immunologists to the far more serious problem of the truly devastating effects a retrovirus can have on a portion of the immune system. The relationship between the use of social drugs and the development of clinical manifestations of AIDS has been of some interest, however. Persons infected with the virus but not diagnosed as AIDS have been told to avoid the use of marijuana and/or alcohol. This advice may be reasonable as a general health measure, but direct evidence that heeding this warning will prevent the ultimate damage to the immune system is totally lacking.
Raman vibrational spectra of bulk to monolayer<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Re</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>with lower symmetry (2015)

The lattice structure and symmetry of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials are of key importance to their fundamental mechanical, thermal, electronic, and optical properties. Raman spectroscopy, as a convenient and nondestructive tool, however, has its limitations in identifying all symmetry allowing Raman modes and determining the corresponding crystal structure of 2D layered materials with high symmetry, such as graphene and $\mathrm{Mo}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$. Due to the lower structural symmetry and extraordinary weak interlayer coupling of $\mathrm{Re}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$, we successfully identify all 18 first-order Raman active modes for bulk and monolayer $\mathrm{Re}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$. Without a van der Waals correction, our local density approximation (LDA) calculations successfully reproduce all the Raman modes. Our calculations also suggest no surface reconstruction effect and the absence of low frequency rigid-layer Raman modes below $100\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. Combining Raman spectroscopy and LDA thus provides a general approach for studying the vibrational and structural properties of 2D layered materials with lower symmetry.
Narrowband picosecond cascade-pumped dye laser (1985)

Recently, the Roess-Lin scheme for the generation of picosecond dye laser pulses has been demonstrated in cascade. 1 This cascade-pumped dye laser (CDL) was shown to produce dye laser pulses of 10-ps duration starting with 350-ps nitrogen laser pump pulses. The bandwidth was also measured to be ≳ 100 Å. For the CDL system to be more useful, the pulse duration stability has to be characterized and the bandwidth has to be narrowed. Because of the nature of the Roess-Lin scheme, intensity variations in the pump pulse translate into fluctuations in the duration of the output pulse. We have completely redesigned the CDL laser by replacing the first stage with a side-pumped dye laser. The thickness of the second stage was also decreased to produce a shorter cavity lifetime and wider mode spacing. By using a spectrometer to pass only one longitudinal mode, it was found that the bandwidth was 0.5 Å. Using a 2-ps streak camera to monitor 100 laser pulses, it was found that the average duration was 7.6 ps with a standard deviation of 0.7 ps. These near transform-limited ultrashort pulses can be amplified to high energy for further pulse compression or for performing nonlinear optics experiments.
A Study on Integrated Billing System for Multi-language (2012)

In this paper, we developed integrated billing system for multi-language. It is very easy to customize for other language and also It has functions in integrated billing system. Whenever administrator insert UI message data for other language, we can make billing packages for its own country to service integrated billing policy.
Ransomware Payments In The Bitcoin Ecosystem (2018)

This dataset contains 7,222 Bitcoin seed addresses related to 67 ransomware families as well as addresses that were identified by applying the expansion procedure describe in this paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.04080.pdf
Crystal structures of the complexes of a group IIA phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> with two natural anti‐inflammatory agents, anisic acid, and atropine reveal a similar mode of binding (2006)

Secretory low molecular weight phospholipase A(2)s (PLA(2)s) are believed to be involved in the release of arachidonic acid, a precursor for the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids. Therefore, the specific inhibitors of these enzymes may act as potent anti-inflammatory agents. Similarly, the compounds with known anti-inflammatory properties should act as specific inhibitors. Two plant compounds, (a) anisic acid (4-methoxy benzoic acid) and (b) atropine (8-methyl-8-azabicyclo oct-3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate), have been used in various inflammatory disorders. Both compounds (a) and (b) have been found to inhibit PLA(2) activity having binding constants of 4.5 x 10(-5) M and 2.1 x 10(-8) M, respectively. A group IIA PLA(2) was isolated and purified from the venom of Daboia russelli pulchella (DRP) and its complexes were made with anisic acid and atropine. The crystal structures of the two complexes (i) and (ii) of PLA(2) with compounds (a) and (b) have been determined at 1.3 and 1.2 A resolutions, respectively. The high-quality observed electron densities for the two compounds allowed the accurate determinations of their atomic positions. The structures revealed that these compounds bound to the enzyme at the substrate - binding cleft and their positions were stabilized by networks of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. The most characteristic interactions involving Asp 49 and His 48 were clearly observed in both complexes, although the residues that formed hydrophobic interactions with these compounds were not identical because their positions did not exactly superimpose in the large substrate-binding hydrophobic channel. Owing to a relatively small size, the structure of anisic acid did not alter upon binding to PLA(2), while that of atropine changed significantly when compared with its native crystal structure. The conformation of the protein also did not show notable changes upon the bindings of these ligands. The mode of binding of anisic acid to the present group II PLA(2) is almost identical to its binding with bovine pancreatic PLA(2) of group I. On the other hand, the binding of atropine to PLA(2) is similar to that of another plant alkaloid aristolochic acid.
Charles Schwab: How One Company Beat Wall Street and Reinvented the Brokerage Industry (2002)

Introduction. PART ONE: LEVELING THE PLAYING FIELD. Chapter 1. May Day. Chapter 2. Opening Investment. Chapter 3. Building the Brand. Chapter 4. Innovation. Chapter 5. Branchland. Chapter 6. Advice and Advisors. PART TWO: PROFILES IN CRISIS. Chapter 7. Forsaken IPO. Chapter 8. Birthright. Chapter 9. Market Crash. Chapter 10. Margin Call. Chapter 11. Earthquake. Chapter 12. OneSource. Chapter 13. Heart Attack. Chapter 14. eSchwab. PART THREE: CUSTODIAN OF UNEASY DREAMS. Chapter 15. Balance of Power. Chapter 16. Schwab Mythology. Chapter 17. Unfinished Business. Epilogue Schwab Account. Appendix 1: Charles Schwab & Co. Timeline. Appendix 2: Charles R. Schwaba s Employment Agreement. Source Notes. Bibliography. Index.
Role of CTGF/HCS24/ecogenin in skeletal growth control (2003)

Connective tissue growth factor/hypertrophic chondrocyte-specific gene product 24 (CTGF/Hcs24) is a multifunctional growth factor for chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and vascular endothelial cells. CTGF/Hcs24 promotes the proliferation and maturation of growth cartilage cells and articular cartilage cells in culture and hypertrophy of growth cartilage cells in culture. The factor also stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of cultured osteoblastic cells. Moreover, CTGF/Hcs24 promotes the adhesion, proliferation, and migration of vascular endothelial cells, as well as induces tube formation by the cells and strong angiogenesis in vivo. Because angiogenesis is critical for the replacement of cartilage with bone at the final stage of endochondral ossification and because gene expression of CTGF/Hcs24 predominates in hypertrophic chondrocytes in the physiological state, a major physiological role for this factor should be the promotion of the entire process of endochondral ossification, with the factor acting on the above three types of cells as a paracrine factor. Thus, CTGF/Hcs24 should be called "ecogenin: endochondral ossification genetic factor." In addition to hypertrophic chondrocytes, osteoblasts activated by various stimuli including wounding also express a significantly high level of CTGF/Hcs24. These findings in conjunction with in vitro findings about osteoblasts mentioned above suggest the involvement of CTGF/Hcs24 in intramembranous ossification and bone modeling/remodeling. Because angiogenesis is also critical for intramembranous ossification and bone remodeling, CTGF/Hcs24 expressed in endothelial cells activated by various stimuli including wounding may also play important roles in direct bone formation. In conclusion, although the most important physiological role of CTGF/Hcs24 is ecogenin action, the factors also play important roles in skeletal growth and modeling/remodeling via its direct action on osteoblasts under both physiological and pathological conditions.
Effect of fatty acids on the membrane fluidity of cultured chick dorsal root ganglion measured by fluorescence photobleaching recovery (1983)

The effect of fatty acids on the membrane fluidity in tissue cultured chick embryo dorsal root ganglion was studied by fluorescence recovery method. Lateral motion of the lipid was measured by observing the fluorescent probe, 5-(octadecylthiocarbamoylamino) fluorescence, F18. The effective lateral diffusion coefficient of the membrane was around 0.30 X 10(-8) cm2/sec in control cells, 0.42 X 10(-8) cm2/sec in 2-decenoic acid treated cells, and 0.35 X 10(-8) cm2/sec in valeric acid treated cells. From these results it is concluded that effective mobilities of the membrane complex increased about 40% by the external application of 2-decenoic acid, while valeric acid increased it only 12%. From the physiological results that 2-decenoic acid inhibits the Na-channel, it is suggested that this increase in the membrane fluidity might affect the Na-channel.
Getting Serious about SAT Software (1987)

The College Entrance Examination Board's (CEEB) Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) is widely taken by high school juniors and seniors for college admission and to apply for college scholarships. (The CEEB is also known as the College Board.) In addition, SAT scores have been used to describe the health of precollege education, particularly in reading, language arts, and mathematics. Parents, teachers, and school systems have tried to improve the SAT scores of their students by instituting SAT test-preparation programs. These programs use a variety of SAT-oriented materials and have recently begun to include computer software packages. Indeed, in a recent cartoon (Weaver 1984), a child asks, “What does the SAT measure?” Another child responds, “Whether your parents can afford a computer.”
"An Experience in Conducting Seminars and Laboratory Sessions" in Biochemistry Zoology and Physiology "For Gifted Children" (1964)

A group of gifted fourth-grade children were selected to participate in a continuing series of Saturday seminars and laboratory sessions in the natural sciences. During the program's first 3 years, the students met with research biochemists, zoologists, and physiologists at the University of California at Los Angeles. A description of the method of pupil selection, course content, and student performance and reaction is given in the present report. The experience proved to be highly stimulating to both students and instructors.