gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Component Based Invisible Computing (2001)

MMLite is a modular system architecture that is suitable for a wide variety of hardware and applications. The system provides a selection of object-based components that are statically and/or dynamically assembled into a full application system. The virtual memory manager is optional and is loaded on demand. Communication with remote peers uses XML/SOAP and standard web services. Components can be easily replaced and reimplemented. Componentization reduced the development time and led to a flexible and understandable system.
RF-microwave multi-band design solutions for multilayer organic system on package integrated passives (2003)

We present multi-band design solutions for integrated passives using multilayer organic (MLO) process technology for RF and microwave System on Package (SOP) module development. The components developed in this technology include embedded high-Q compact inductors and filters designed in three frequency bands: S, C and Ku applicable for Bluetooth, MMDS, IEEE802.11a WLAN and satellite communications. Measured inductor Q-factor as high as 182 and Self-Resonant-Frequency (SRF) as high as 20 GHz, which represents the highest Q in its frequency range reported to date in a multilayer technology, have been demonstrated. A time domain electromagnetic modeling technique is also use to characterize the passive devices.
Basis of Development of Animal Models in Psychiatry: An Overview (1989)

In the last fifteen to twenty years the range of research activities that could be subsumed under the general heading of “animal modeling research” has expanded enormously. There are many approaches to developing animal models of depression in particular, and it will quickly become apparent that there is quite a variety of studies underway. In order to understand and evaluate the rapidly expanding literature in several areas of animal modeling research, there must first be a fundamental understanding of the basis and justification for having animal models in the first place. It is also important that this understanding be combined with a realization of the limitations of animal models in relation to psychiatric syndromes and their role in a comprehensive program of psychiatric research with affective disorders as well as other forms of psychopathology. If the fundamental philosophy, rationale, and advantages of animal models are not understood along with their limitations, there will remain a significant risk of either an uninformed rejection of animal modeling research or, on the other hand, an overacceptance of its direct clinical relevance.
HLA Associations with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (1991)

There is disagreement over the HLA-DR associations of Hashimoto's (goitrous) thyroiditis. We have studied 86 English Caucasian patients with this condition whose DR types were determined by restriction fragment polymorphism analysis. HLA-DR3 was significantly more frequent in these patients than in 100 controls (chi 2 = 7.09; P less than 0.01). The relative risk was 2.23 and aetiological fraction 0.29. HLA-DPB and DQB alleles were analysed in a proportion of these subjects by enzymatic DNA amplification and oligonucleotide probing. The only significant finding was an excess of HLA-DQw2 (in linkage disequilibrium with DR3) in the Hashimoto group (chi 2 = 7.43, P less than 0.007). These results do not support a difference between goitrous and atrophic thyroiditis based on respective associations with HLA-DR5 and DR3, but confirm a recent study in which HLA-DR3 was associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. However, it is possible that genes telomeric to DR3 may be involved in determining which type of thyroiditis a patient with autoimmune hypothyroidism develops.
High-speed control scheme to prevent instability of a large multi-unit power plan (2007)

Unintended loss of a major power plant can cause substantial strain on the remaining generating resources and lead to local system instability and/or generate oscillations with impact to the overall bulk power system. In the continuing quest to improve the availability of the generation supply and in order to meet the more stringent electric coordinating council reliability criteria, power companies and grid operators are focusing on System Integrity Protection Schemes (SIPS) that can detect and react on events leading to potentially unstable power system conditions. One such situation occurs when severe disturbances occur on transmission line exits from large multi-generator power plants. Based the disturbance severity, the typical results are intensive swings or loss of plant synchronism which will lead into loss of the entire generation complex either by out-of-step protection, or unit shutdown by protective devices reacting to voltage dips at auxiliary buses. By quickly detecting the destabilizing conditions, preemptive actions can be taken to preserve the plant and minimize the extent of the disturbance and subsequent effect on the power grid. Such SIPS offer added advantages under normal operating conditions for scheduled transmission line outages, and allow full power operation with a line out of service. This paper discusses a control solution based on implementation of high-speed SIPS. The control strategy results from transient stability analysis for various types of transmission line faults, including delayed faults caused by complete and partial breaker failures. Different types of faults and transmission outlet line outage conditions for various system and plant initial conditions are investigated and options for mitigation are recommended. The discussion includes stability requirements, alternative actions and algorithms, SIPS components, the methodology for obtaining arming settings, interaction with the existing protection schemes, and effect of a switchyard topology. Technical implementation considerations such as system design, architecture, measures for reliable and secure operation, synchrophasor capture, event capture, performance under missing or conflicting information, and testing are discussed.
Label-Free Recognition of Drug Resistance via Impedimetric Screening of Breast Cancer Cells (2013)

We present a novel study on label-free recognition and distinction of drug resistant breast cancer cells (MCF-7 DOX) from their parental cells (MCF-7 WT) via impedimetric measurements. Drug resistant cells exhibited significant differences in their dielectric properties compared to wild-type cells, exerting much higher extracellular resistance (Rextra ). Immunostaining revealed that MCF-7 DOX cells gained a much denser F-actin network upon acquiring drug resistance indicating that remodeling of actin cytoskeleton is probably the reason behind higher Rextra , providing stronger cell architecture. Moreover, having exposed both cell types to doxorubicin, we were able to distinguish these two phenotypes based on their substantially different drug response. Interestingly, impedimetric measurements identified a concentration-dependent and reversible increase in cell stiffness in the presence of low non-lethal drug doses. Combined with a profound frequency analysis, these findings enabled distinguishing distinct cellular responses during drug exposure within four concentration ranges without using any labeling. Overall, this study highlights the possibility to differentiate drug resistant phenotypes from their parental cells and to assess their drug response by using microelectrodes, offering direct, real-time and noninvasive measurements of cell dependent parameters under drug exposure, hence providing a promising step for personalized medicine applications such as evaluation of the disease progress and optimization of the drug treatment of a patient during chemotherapy.
Preparation and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide Sheets via Water-Based Exfoliation and Reduction Methods (2013)

This research studied the synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene via a low-cost manufacturing method. The process started with the chemical oxidation of commercial graphite powder into graphite oxide by modified Hummer’s method, followed by the exfoliation of graphite oxide in distilled water using the ultrasound frequency from a laboratory ultrasonic bath. Finally, the oxygen functional groups on exfoliated graphite oxide or graphene oxide were eliminated by stirring in hot distilled water at 95°C, as a replacement for highly toxic and dangerously unstable hydrazine. The results assured that stirring in hot distilled water could give the product of graphene or reduced graphene oxide. The samples were characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, and TEM methods.
Reconstruction of Low-Speed Crashes using the Quasi-Static Force vs. Deformation Characteristics of the Bumpers Involved in the Crashes (2012)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The purpose of this study was to determine if quasi-static (QS) bumper force-deformation (F-D) data could be used in a low-speed bumper-to-bumper simulation model (<span class="xref">1</span>) in order to reconstruct low-speed crashes. In the simulation model, the bumpers that make contact in a crash are treated as a system. A bumper system is defined as the two bumpers that interact in a crash positioned in their orientation at the time of the crash. A device was built that quasi-statically crushes the bumpers of a bumper system into each other and measures the compression force and the deformation of the bumper system. Three bumper systems were evaluated. Two QS F-D measurements were performed for each bumper system in order to demonstrate the repeatability of the QS F-D measurement. These measurements had a compression phase and a rebound phase. A series of crash tests were performed using each bumper system. In each crash test, a stationary target vehicle was struck on the rear bumper by the front bumper of a bullet vehicle. Both vehicles were instrumented with accelerometers. The bullet vehicle had load cells at the front that measured crash forces and a displacement sensor that measured the deformation of the bumper system during the crash. The crash tests were performed over a range of impact speeds for the bullet vehicle. The compression QS F-D data were used as an input to the simulation model in order to reconstruct the vehicle motions in the crash tests. The other inputs required to simulate a crash test were the impact speed of the bullet vehicle, the vehicle masses and the coefficient of restitution measured in the crash test. The study demonstrated that the simulation model with the QS F-D data accurately recreated the velocities of the target and bullet vehicle in the crash tests.</div></div>
Development of Deformable Mirror Composed of Piezoelectric Thin Films for Adaptive Optics (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> In this paper, we report a piezoelectric deformable mirror composed of piezoelectric thin films for low-voltage adaptive optics (AO). A 2-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\mu$</tex></formula>m-thick piezoelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$_{3}$</tex></formula> (PZT) film was deposited on a Pt-coated silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate, and a diaphragm structure of 15 mm in diameter was fabricated by etching a Si handle wafer. A 19-element unimorph actuator array was produced on the PZT films with an Al reflective layer over the backside of the diaphragm. Measurements of the displacement profile using a laser Doppler vibrometer demonstrated that a large displacement of approximately 1 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\mu$</tex></formula>m was obtained by applying a voltage of 10 V<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$_{\rm pp}$</tex></formula> on one actuator. To examine the application feasibility of the deformable mirror to AO, we reproduced low-order Zernike modes by calculating the voltage on each individual electrode using an influence function matrix. The measurements demonstrated that the deformable mirror could produce the Zernike modes up to the seventh term. Considering the low-voltage actuation as well as the capability for miniaturization of the electrode size, deformable mirrors (DMs) actuated by PZT films are desirable for low-cost AO. </para>
<title>Photoelastic And Electro-Optic Sensors</title> (1983)

A conventional optics experimental investigation of a (frequency domain) Passive Laser Accelerometer (PLA) has been performed. The successful experiments and analysis led the author to suggest other (phase and frequency domain) integrated optical sensors such as pressure, strain or temperature. These optical sensors are particularly attractive for application requiring either high sensitivity, small size or immunity to electrical noise.
A new method for generating keys (2002)

The generation of high-performance keys is critical to security in a secrecy system. In view of the deficiency of the key-generating method in existence, this paper puts forward a new method for generating keys that can integrate the randomness of the semiconductor source, the unpredictability of chaos and the good statistical characteristics of pseudorandom series. The results indicate that the performance of the keys is ideal.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Mecazlar Yoluyla Çocuk Kavramına Bakış Açıları (Boylamsal Bir Çalışma) (2012)

Bu arastirma, ogretmen adaylarinin cocuk kavrami hakkindaki dusuncelerinin davranisci felsefe ve yapisalci felsefeye gore birinci siniftaki ve dorduncu siniftaki degisimini mecazlar yoluyla ortaya koymak amaciyla yapilmistir. Arastirmaya bir devlet Universitesinin Egitim Fakultesinde 2007-2011 yillari arasinda egitim gormus 104 ogretmen adayi katilmistir. Arastirmada veri toplama araci olarak ogretmen adaylarina, basinda “cocuk ….. gibidir; cunku……” yazili bir kagit kullanilmistir. Bu kagit dokuman olarak kabul edilmistir. Verilerin analizinde nitel ve nicel analiz teknikleri uygulanmistir. Mecazlar nitel veri analizi ilkelerine gore analiz edilmistir. Ogretmen adaylarinin okuduklari program ile dorduncu sinifta kurduklari mecazlarin felsefi temelleri arasindaki farkin anlamli olup olmadigini anlamaya yonelik olarak Kruskal-Wallis H Testi uygulanmistir. Veri analizi sonucunda ogretmen adaylarinin cocuk kavrami hakkinda kurduklari mecazlarin felsefi temellerinde onemli bir degisiklik olmadigi gorulmustur. Ayrica ogretmen adaylarinin programlari ile son sinifta kurduklari mecazlarin felsefi temelleri arasinda anlamli fark bulunamamistir
Assessment of expressed emotion in families of patients with eating disorders: using the Camberwell Family Interview on a Spanish sample. (2006)

The percentage of families that had high EE in our sample was lower than that reported for families with a member with schizophrenia and slightly higher than that detected in other studies on eating disorders. Mothers tended to have higher EE levels than fathers.
Substrate Distortion by a -Mannanase: Snapshots of the Michaelis and Covalent-Intermediate Complexes Suggest a B2,5 Conformation for the Transition State (2002)

The conformational reaction pathway for β-mannosidases proposed here is distinct from that of glucosidases and cellulases. The proposal is based on substrate distortions along the reaction pathway of a β-mannosidase (see picture) that were revealed by X-ray crystallography and are close in conformational space to known β-mannosidase inhibitors.
Electric Sail for Spacecraft Propulsion (2004)

3Heiser, W. H., Pratt, D. T., with Daley, D. H., and Mehta, U. B., “Hypersonic Airbreathing Propulsion,” AIAA Education Series, AIAA, Washington, DC, 1994, pp. 334–370. 4Chinzei, N., Komuro, T., Kudo, K., Murakami, A., Tani, K., Masuya, G., and Wakamatsu, Y., “Effects of Injector Geometry on Scramjet Combustor Performance,” Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 9, No. 1, 1993, pp. 146–152. 5Chinzei, N., Masuya, G., Kudo, K., Murakami, A., and Komuro, T., “Experiment on Multiple Fuel Supplies to Airbreathing Rocket Combustors,” Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 3, No. 1, 1987, pp. 26–32.
Persistency and Clinical Outcomes Associated with Latanoprost and Beta-Blocker Monotherapy: Evidence from a European Retrospective Cohort Study (2003)

Over a 2-year period, latanoprost was associated with significantly greater persistency and better clinical IOP outcomes compared with beta-blocker therapy.
N‐Glycans of the porcine nematode parasite <i>Ascaris suum</i> are modified with phosphorylcholine and core fucose residues (2006)

In recent years, the glycoconjugates of many parasitic nematodes have attracted interest due to their immunogenic and immunomodulatory nature. Previous studies with the porcine roundworm parasite Ascaris suum have focused on its glycosphingolipids, which were found, in part, to be modified by phosphorylcholine. Using mass spectrometry and western blotting, we have now analyzed the peptide N-glycosidase A-released N-glycans of adults of this species. The presence of hybrid bi- and triantennary N-glycans, some modified by core alpha1,6-fucose and peripheral phosphorylcholine, was demonstrated by LC/electrospray ionization (ESI)-Q-TOF-MS/MS, as was the presence of paucimannosidic N-glycans, some of which carry core alpha1,3-fucose, and oligomannosidic oligosaccharides. Western blotting verified the presence of protein-bound phosphorylcholine and core alpha1,3-fucose, whereas glycosyltransferase assays showed the presence of core alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase and Lewis-type alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase activities. Although, the unusual tri- and tetrafucosylated glycans found in the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans were not found, the vast majority of the N-glycans found in A. suum represent a subset of those found in C. elegans; thus, our data demonstrate that the latter is an interesting glycobiological model for parasitic nematodes.
Channel Characterization of Acoustic Waveguides Consisting of Straight Gas and Water Pipelines (2018)

Characterizing acoustic waveguide channels is becoming important for the development of communication and signal processing applications across diverse fields ranging from urban water supply systems to oil and gas distribution pipeline networks. These applications include sonar and transmission systems in support of leak detection, blockage location, sensing, monitoring, and signaling for example. In this paper, we provide experimental results and models for the wideband channel characterization of acoustic waveguides formed from gas and water pipelines over the 1-50 kHz frequency band. Experimental results are provided for two straight pipe systems comprising an acrylic pipe filled with air and a steel pipe filled with water. A mode-based analytical model for predicting acoustic wave propagation in rigid and elastic pipes is proposed with deterministic and stochastic characteristics both considered. Good matching is demonstrated between the model predictions and experimental results in terms of dispersion curves, channel spectrograms, and delay spread. A key finding is that acoustic waveguides filled with water should be treated as elastic pipes, and they have significantly different characteristics from those filled with gas, which can usually be treated as rigid pipes. Furthermore for the steel-water waveguide pipeline, link budget calculations and noise power spectral density measurements reveal that a communication range of more than 50 m can be obtained.
Plasma Polymerization on Metals (1976)

Abstract An ellipsometric technique is described for accurately measuring the film thickness of plasma-polymerized polymers on metallic substrates. The index of refraction n and absorption index Kof the plasma polymer film can also be studied by ellipsometry. Films of plasma polystyrene and polyepichlorohydrin were deposited on evaporated aluminum substrates and their thickness and optical constants determined. Plasma polystyrene films from 20 to 1600 Å thick have optical constants n = 1.63 and K =0 independent of film thickness. Plasma polyepichlorohydrin films over the same range of thickness give n ≃ 1.70 and K≃ 0.01. By utilizing the ellipsometric method the effect of plasma polymer film thickness on surface energy properties was determined. Advancing contact angle measurements and surface energy analysis detail the polar γSVP dispersion γSVPcontributions to the solid-vapor surface tension γSV = γSVd + γSVP Polystyrene and polyepichlorohydrin films on etched aluminum. For thin plasma polystyrene films (600 Å), anomalies in the calculated surface energy are discussed and related to possible surface nonuniformity caused by film growth. Thicker films of plasma polystyrene are shown to have normal surface energy properties as does plasma poly-epichlorohydrin over the entire range of film thickness measured. The adhesive and cohesive properties of plasma polystyrene and polyepichlorohydrin films are discussed as estimated from a lap-shear bond strength study. Etched aluminum coated with various thicknesses of these two polymers and bonded with an epoxy-phenolic adhesive shows a decreasing shear strength with increasing plasma film thickness but begins to level off at ∼1600 psi for films >1600 Å thick.
Background Updating For Real-Time Image Processing At TV Rates (1988)

If a real-time TV image processor has the task of separating moving objects from the static background in an image then this task can be performed most simply by an image subtraction if the static background is known a priori. If the background is varying in an unpredictable manner and is continually being obscured by the moving objects the task of maintaining an image which is representative of the static background is made difficult. This paper addresses the problems associated with the generation and maintainence of a back-ground image within a real-time TV image processor under varying ambient conditions.