gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Methods for Predicting Extreme TLP Tendon Tensions (1992)

ABSTRACT In this work, three companies undertook analyses of a given tension leg platform (TLP) configuration to predict maximum and minimum tendon tensions in an extreme design storm in the Gulf of Mexico. Each participant used its own analytical methods and experience to analyze the subject TLP. The results of this exercise are presented along with a discussion of the different analytical methods used to arrive at the results. The variability in the results can be attributed to a variety of reasons which can be divided into three general categories: items for which Widely accepted analytical procedures were used by all participants, items for which a combination of analytical and empirical evidence was used, and items for which the participants relied on empirical evidence, past experience and engineering judgement. In general, the magnitude of the variability in the results increased from the first to the third category. The study also pointed out the relative importance of the various contributions to the tendon tension predictions. In some instances, items with a great deal of uncertainty in their estimated effect turned out to have minimal impact on the final result. The results of this study give some indication of the variability and uncertainty in the available analytical methods which may be useful for the calibration of reliability based design codes. INTRODUCTION In the design of a tension leg platform (TLP) the prediction of the extreme maximum and minimum tendon tensions is of the utmost importance. The tendons must be large enough to withstand the most extreme maximum tension and the amount of pretension (or excess of displacement over weight) of the TLP must be large enough that the tendons do not go slack. Since the cost of a TLP is quite sensitive to hull and tendon size (and hence pretension levels as well as maximum tension levels) it is important to accurately predict the tensions. The results presented in this paper arise from a study conducted by three major oil companies in the context of preparation for a possible joint venture involving a deep water TLP. To come to a better understanding of the companies' analytical methods and design practices, a small study was conducted whereby each participant was provided with the particulars of the same TLP subjected to the same environmental conditions and given the task of predicting maximum and minimum tendon tensions. The immediate purpose of this exercise was to identify areas in which the participants agreed and disagreed on analytical methods and the selection of design values. However, the results are somewhat more far-reaching when viewed from the point of view of an outside observer interested in TLP design. The study provides three "stateof- the-art", or perhaps more accurately, "state-of-practice", analyses by three different organizations, all well versed in the specific problems of TLP design. Each participant followed rational and Widely accepted design and analysis practices.
Precoded multiuser distributed MIMO OFDM systems (2009)

In this paper, we consider a multiuser distributed MIMO system, under multipath fading channels, with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology. The aim is to extend and evaluate, co-located precoding schemes that have been recently proposed, in a distributed scenario. Assuming knowledge of CSI prior to transmission, we can remove the interference among users by employing precoding schemes for the downlink. We assessed closed form and iterative schemes based on block diagonalization (BD) to improve the performance of the distributed antenna system. The results show that the iterative scheme outperforms the closed one. The simulation results show that the studied schemes can be efficient for distributed MIMO OFDM based systems.
Analysis of the Gz environment during air combat maneuvering in the F/A-18 fighter aircraft. (1999)

This study confirms the physiologically challenging nature of ACM, involving force environment changes of high intensity and frequency. In addition, it indicates the general nature of the training stimulus applied to the arterial baroreflexes which is responsible for the development of cardiovascular adaptation to +Gz seen in previous studies. It also shows that onboard data acquisition systems can provide physiologically useful information, but are limited by low sampling rates.
Interaction of Nonionic Surfactants with Copolymer Microgel Particles of NIPAM and Acrylic Acid (2005)

Binding of the nonionic surfactants Triton X-100 and Triton X-405 onto linear copolymers of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylic acid and to cross-linked microgel particles of similar composition but differing in their cross-link densities has been studied. The binding capacities vary for each of these polymeric systems, being smallest for the linear copolymer. The binding is also significantly less in all cases for the more hydrophilic surfactant, namely, Triton X-405. By comparing estimates of the pore or "cage" size within the microgel particles with the dimensions of the free micelles in solution, it is concluded that micelles of Triton X-100 form within the microgel particles more readily for the lower cross-linked microgel particles. However, micelles do not form as easily inside either microgel for Triton X-405. The swelling/deswelling behavior of each of the two microgels, in the presence of the surfactants, has been explained in terms of their relative binding behavior and how this contributes to the osmotic pressure difference inside and outside the microgel particles and also in terms of micelle "bridging" of the polymer network, causing shrinkage.
A strategy of multi-robot formation and obstacle avoidance in unknown environment (2016)

This paper deals with the formation and obstacle avoidance of mobile robots in a cluttered environment. By combining an artificial potential field, a leader-follower method is presented to make the multi-robot system keep formation whilst avoiding obstacles. According to the pose and movement conditions of the designated leader, the follower would adjust its position so that the formation control could be achieved and so an artificial potential field has provided a significant improvement in the performance of obstacle avoidance for a multi-robot system. Moreover, considering trajectory dither of formation, a control law to limit the leader's angular velocity is designed to guarantee smooth formation motion trajectory. The simulation and experiential results indicate that the proposed method is efficient for robot formation control and enhances the robustness and stability of the multi-robot system.
Spherical aberration and other higher-order aberrations in the human eye: from summary wave-front analysis data to optical variables relevant to visual perception (2010)

Wave-front analysis data from the human eye are commonly presented using the aberration coefficient c(4)(0) (primary spherical aberration) together with an overall measure of all higher-order aberrations. If groups of subjects are compared, however, the relevance of an observed difference cannot easily be assessed from these summary aberration measures. A method was developed for estimating various optical variables relevant to visual perception from summary wave-front analysis data. These variables were the myopic shift (the difference in the optimal focus between high and low spatial frequencies, a threat to the simultaneous in-focus viewing of fine and coarse patterns), the depth-of-focus (at 8 cpd), and the modulation transfer at high (16 cpd; reading small print) and low (4 cpd; edge detection) spatial frequencies. The depth-of-focus was defined in two ways: using a relative measure (the full width at half-height of the through-focus curve) and an absolute measure (the range where the through-focus curve exceeds a predefined modulation transfer value). The method was shown to be accurate by using previously published contrast sensitivity data and wave-front analysis data. The applicability of the method was illustrated by applying the method to wave-front analysis measurements performed in pseudophakic patients with aspheric and spherical intraocular lenses.
La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Si<sub>0.3</sub>Ge<sub>0.7</sub> p-MOSFETs with high hole mobility and good device characteristics (2002)

We have studied high-k La/sub 2/O/sub 3/ p-MOSFETs on Si/sub 0.3/Ge/sub 0.7/ substrate. Nearly identical gate oxide current, capacitance density, and time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) are obtained for La/sub 2/O/sub 3//Si and La/sub 2/O/sub 3//Si/sub 0.3/Ge/sub 0.7/ devices, indicating excellent Si/sub 0.3/Ge/sub 0.7/ quality without any side effects. The measured hole mobility in nitrided La/sub 2/O/sub 3//Si p-MOSFETs is 31 cm/sup 2//V-s and comparable with published data in nitrided HfO/sub 2//Si p-MOSFETs. In sharp contrast, a higher mobility of 55 cm/sup 2//V-s is measured in La/sub 2/O/sub 3//Si/sub 0.3/Ge/sub 0.7/ p-MOSFET, an improvement by 1.8 times compared with La/sub 2/O/sub 3//Si control devices. The high mobility in Si/sub 0.3/Ge/sub 0.7/ p-MOSFETs gives another step for integrating high-k gate dielectrics into the VLSI process.
Lectin Recognizable Biomaterials Synthesized via Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization of a Methacryloyl Galactose Monomer (2009)

The preparation of poly(2-(2′,3′,4′,6′-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-galactosyloxy)ethyl methacrylate-co-styrene) (P(AcGalEMA-co-S)) glycopolymer was performed via nitroxide-mediated polymerization using a methacrylic acid-based alkoxyamine with N-tert-butyl-N-(1-diethylphosphono-2,2-dimethylpropyl) (SG1) nitroxide as mediating agent. In the presence of a low proportion of styrene, the polymerization of the glycomonomer was conducted in a controlled fashion at 85 °C. The synthesis of the diblock copolymers was investigated via two routes by using either P(AcGalEMA-co-S) or polystyrene macroinitiators capped with SG1 nitroxide to yield P(AcGalEMA-co-S)-b-PS and PS-b-P(AcGalEMA-co-S), respectively. The AcGalEMA moieties on the diblock copolymer were deacetylated to afford carbohydrate-based amphiphilic diblock copolymer, polystyrene-block-poly(2-(β-d-galactosyloxy)ethyl methacrylate-co-styrene) (PS-b-P(GalEMA-co-S)). The self-assembling properties of PS-b-P(GalEMA-co-S) amphiphilic diblock copolymers were thoroughly exploited to obtain micellar structures and porous films. Lectin binding assays were conducted using the UV−vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering to test the biofunctionality of the β-galactose moieties with peanut agglutinin (PNA) on the micelles. The polymer was used to prepare honeycomb structured porous films with bioactivity. Fluorescent PNA was eventually conjugated with the sugar moieties on the porous films. Most protein was conjugated to glycopolymer inside the pore, demonstrating that this procedure can be a simple route to pattern proteins onto surfaces.
Influence of deficit irrigation on strawberry (<i>Fragaria</i> × <i>ananassa</i> Duch.) fruit quality (2016)

The results suggest superior fruit quality and taste of strawberries grown under minor deficit irrigation for cv. 'Flamenco'. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
Risk of multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance among white and black male United States veterans with prior autoimmune, infectious, inflammatory, and allergic disorders (2008)

In a retrospective cohort of more than 4 million white and black male United States (US) veterans, we explored the role of specific prior autoimmune, infectious, inflammatory, and allergic disorders in the etiology of multiple myeloma (MM) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Patients were selected from computerized inpatient discharge records at US Veterans Affairs hospitals. The analysis included 4641 patients (3040 white, 1601 black) and 2046 patients (1312 white; 734 black) with a discharge diagnosis of MM and MGUS, respectively. Using Poisson regression, we calculated age-adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relationship between MM, MGUS, and specific prior medical conditions. Significantly elevated risks of MM were associated with broad categories of autoimmune (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.02-1.28), infectious (RR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.20-1.38), and inflammatory disorders (RR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.10-1.27) and specific prior autoimmune (polymyositis/dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, pernicious anemia, and ankylosing spondylitis), infectious (pneumonia, hepatitis, meningitis, septicemia, herpes zoster, and poliomyelitis), and inflammatory (glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and osteoarthritis) disorders. Risks for MGUS were generally of similar magnitude. Our results indicate that various types of immune-mediated conditions might act as triggers for MM/MGUS development.
A synthetic oligonucleotide probe and a cloned polynucleotide probe based on the yopA gene for detection and enumeration of virulent Yersinia enterocolitica (1990)

We compared a synthetically produced 19-mer oligonucleotide probe with a polynucleotide probe consisting of a cloned fragment of the virulence gene yopA for their relative efficiencies in identification and enumeration of virulent Yersinia enterocolitica. The probes were used in DNA-DNA colony hybridization assays to differentiate 70 Yersinia strains with known plasmid profiles. All 19 strains harboring the 40- to 50-megadalton virulence plasmid were positive in the hybridization assay, whereas their isogenic derivatives lacking this plasmid were negative. Both probes correctly identified plasmid-bearing variants of Y. enterocolitica serogroups O:3, O:5,27, O:8, O:9, O:13, and O:21 from three continents. In contrast, none of the probes hybridized with DNA from 32 environmental yersiniae belonging to 26 serogroups not associated with disease. Colony hybridization was used to detect and enumerate virulent Y. enterocolitica in three artificially contaminated food samples. Despite a large background of indigenous bacteria (3 x 10(4) CFU), the efficiency of enumeration ranged from 33 to 82%. The use of nylon filters did not impair the growth of virulent yersiniae. Both probes showed a perfect concordance in their specific differentiation and enumeration of virulent Y. enterocolitica. DNA colony hybridization with these two probes permitted rapid and reliable identification of all common pathogenic serogroups without the need for enrichment or esoteric identification protocols.
High precision angle calibration for spherical measurement systems (2009)

The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) located in Grenoble, France is a joint facility supported and shared by 19 European countries. It operates the most powerful synchrotron radiation source in Europe. Synchrotron radiation sources address many important questions in modern science and technology. They can be compared to “super microscopes”, revealing invaluable information in numerous fields of diverse research such as physics, medicine, biology, geophysics and archaeology. For the ESRF accelerators and beam lines to work correctly, alignment is of critical importance. Alignment tolerances are typically much less than one millimetre and often in the order of several micrometers over the 844 m ESRF storage ring circumference. To help maintain these tolerances, the ESRF has, and continues to develop calibration techniques for high precision spherical measurement system (SMS) instruments. SMSs are a family of instruments comprising automated total stations (theodolites equipped with distance meters), referred to here as robotic total stations (RTSs); and laser trackers (LTs). The ESRF has a modern distance meter calibration bench (DCB) used for the calibration of SMS electronic distance meters. At the limit of distance meter precision, the only way to improve positional uncertainty in the ESRF alignment is to improve the angle measuring capacity of these instruments. To this end, the horizontal circle comparator (HCC) and the vertical circle comparator (VCC) have been developed. Specifically, the HCC and VCC are used to calibrate the horizontal and vertical circle readings of SMS instruments under their natural working conditions. Combined with the DCB, the HCC and VCC provide a full calibration suite for SMS instruments. This thesis presents their development, functionality and in depth uncertainty evaluation. Several unique challenges are addressed in this work. The first is the development and characterization of the linked encoders configuration (LEC). This system, based on two continuously rotating angle encoders, is designed improve performance by eliminating residual encoder errors. The LEC can measure angle displacements with an estimated uncertainty of at least 0.044 arc seconds. Its uncertainty is presently limited by the instrumentation used to evaluate it. Secondly, in depth investigation has lead to the discovery of previously undocumented error-motion effects in ultra-precision angle calibration. Finally, methods for rigorous characterisation and extraction of rotary table error motions and their uncertainty evaluation using techniques not previously discussed in the literature have been developed.
A monolithic P-channel JFET QUAD operational amplifier (1984)

A 10MHz amplifier with a 45V/μs slew rate, and 1.8μs settling time to 1/2LSB of 12b (10V step), will be covered. An NPN output stage and compensated Miller amplifier provides 500pF drive, 55° phase and 5dB gain margins over (+14/-14.7) V output swing.
The length of lipids bound to human CD1d molecules modulates the affinity of NKT cell TCR and the threshold of NKT cell activation (2007)

CD1d-restricted lymphocytes recognize a broad lipid range. However, how CD1d-restricted lymphocytes translate T cell receptor (TCR) recognition of lipids with similar group heads into distinct biological responses remains unclear. Using a soluble invariant NKT (iNKT) TCR and a newly engineered antibody specific for alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer)-human CD1d (hCD1d) complexes, we measured the affinity of binding of iNKT TCR to hCD1d molecules loaded with a panel of alpha-GalCer analogues and assessed the rate of dissociation of alpha-GalCer and alpha-GalCer analogues from hCD1d molecules. We extended this analysis by studying iNKT cell synapse formation and iNKT cell activation by the same panel of alpha-GalCer analogues. Our results indicate the unique role of the lipid chain occupying the hCD1d F' channel in modulating TCR binding affinity to hCD1d-lipid complexes, the formation of stable immunological synapse, and cell activation. These data are consistent with previously described conformational changes between empty and loaded hCD1d molecules (Koch, M., V.S. Stronge, D. Shepherd, S.D. Gadola, B. Mathew, G. Ritter, A.R. Fersht, G.S. Besra, R.R. Schmidt, E.Y. Jones, and V. Cerundolo. 2005. Nat. Immunol 6:819-826), suggesting that incomplete occupation of the hCD1d F' channel results in conformational differences at the TCR recognition surface. This indirect effect provides a general mechanism by which lipid-specific lymphocytes are capable of recognizing both the group head and the length of lipid antigens, ensuring greater specificity of antigen recognition.
Dispersion of helically corrugated waveguides: Analytical, numerical, and experimental study (2004)

Helically corrugated waveguides have recently been studied for use in various applications such as interaction regions in gyrotron traveling-wave tubes and gyrotron backward-wave oscillators and as a dispersive medium for passive microwave pulse compression. The paper presents a summary of various methods that can be used for analysis of the wave dispersion of such waveguides. The results obtained from an analytical approach, simulations with the three-dimensional numerical code MAGIC, and cold microwave measurements are analyzed and compared.
Multi-channel MAC Protocol for Improving Channel Efficiency in Wireless Networks (2008)

In this paper, we propose a new multi-channel MAC protocol to improve the channel efficiency by using two interfaces. Most of previous researches that have considered multi-channel wireless network environments use a common control channel to exchange control signals and they have a bottle neck problem at common control channel as increasing the number of data channels. In the proposed MAC protocol, we separate receiving and transmitting channels so that sending and receiving data and control packets at the same time is possible. It increases the total network throughput. Since there is no common control channel, the network does not suffer from the bottle neck problem. By applying a TDMA scheme, we can avoid packet collisions between data packets and control packets and reduce the possibility of CTS or ACK packet collisions. Simulation results show that the proposed multi-channel MAC protocol improves the total network throughput and channel efficiency compared with the existing method.
Potencies of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Inhibitors In Vitro against <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and In Vivo against Murine Malaria (2006)

Parasite resistance to antimalarial drugs is a serious threat to human health, and novel agents that act on enzymes essential for parasite metabolism, such as proteases, are attractive targets for drug development. Recent studies have shown that clinically utilized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors can inhibit the in vitro growth of Plasmodium falciparum at or below concentrations found in human plasma after oral drug administration. The most potent in vitro antimalarial effects have been obtained for parasites treated with saquinavir, ritonavir, or lopinavir, findings confirmed in this study for a genetically distinct P. falciparum line (3D7). To investigate the potential in vivo activity of antiretroviral protease inhibitors (ARPIs) against malaria, we examined the effect of ARPI combinations in a murine model of malaria. In mice infected with Plasmodium chabaudi AS and treated orally with ritonavir-saquinavir or ritonavir-lopinavir, a delay in patency and a significant attenuation of parasitemia were observed. Using modeling and ligand docking studies we examined putative ligand binding sites of ARPIs in aspartyl proteases of P. falciparum (plasmepsins II and IV) and P. chabaudi (plasmepsin) and found that these in silico analyses support the antimalarial activity hypothesized to be mediated through inhibition of these enzymes. In addition, in vitro enzyme assays demonstrated that P. falciparum plasmepsins II and IV are both inhibited by the ARPIs saquinavir, ritonavir, and lopinavir. The combined results suggest that ARPIs have useful antimalarial activity that may be especially relevant in geographical regions where HIV and P. falciparum infections are both endemic.
The "S" in Social Network Games: Initiating, Maintaining, and Enhancing Relationships (2011)

Social network games embedded within social network sites (SNSs) such as Facebook facilitate play with "Friends" within the SNS. In this study, we look at different dimensions of how game play contributes to relationship initiation and development using qualitative data collected from adult Facebook users (N=18). Our data suggest that interpersonal motivations are a primary driver of initial game play and that while game play doesn't facilitate direct social interaction, participants perceived indirect interaction and sharing game-based content was useful in maintaining and even enhancing relationships.
Downsizing: The Survivor Syndrome and Proactive Leadership (2001)

(2001). Downsizing: The Survivor Syndrome and Proactive Leadership. Journal of Hospital Librarianship: Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 93-96.
EL RINON ARTIFICIAL, UNA MAQUINA VITAL PERO EXCESIVAMENTE COSTOSA (1989)

LAS ENFERMEDADES DEL RINON ESTAN EXTENDIDAS ENTRE LA POBLACION HUMANA, PERO LOS ORGANOS ARTIFICIALES REPRESENTAN UN ELEVADO COSTO Y, POR ELLO, LOS HOSPITALES NO ALCANZAN A TRATAR CON HEMODIALISIS A TODOS LOS ENFERMOS RENALES. EFECTIVAMENTE, LA DEMANDA DE ESTAS MAQUINAS EXCEDE LA OFERTA, SENALA UN ARTICULO DEL CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO DE COMUNICACION DE LA CIENCIA, CUCC