gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TL1A: A mediator of gut inflammation (2006)

In this issue of PNAS, a team of investigators led by Giorgos Bamias and Fabio Cominelli at the University of Virginia Health Science Center (Charlottesville, VA) in collaboration with the laboratory of Giorgos Kollias at the Alexander Fleming Biomedical Sciences Research Center (Athens, Greece) report on the role of TL1A (a TNF superfamily member) in two different models of chronic murine ileitis (1). These mouse models are considered to be good models for human Crohn’s disease, a severe inflammatory bowel disorder that strikes young adults (ages 20–30) and is thought to originate from predisposing genetic and environmental factors that cause an imbalance of effector (proinflammatory) and regulatory T cell responses, resulting in inflammation of the gastrointestinal mucosa and disease. Bamias et al. found that, in both models of murine ileitis described in ref. 1, TL1A and its receptor [death receptor 3 (DR3)] are up-regulated in the inflamed gut mucosa.

Death receptors and their ligands play a key role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and the physiological regulation of programmed cell death. Binding of a death ligand induces oligomerization of the receptor, recruitment of an adapter protein via a conserved cytoplasmic signaling element termed the death domain, activation of caspases, and induction of apoptosis. Although death receptors such as Fas/Apo-1/CD95, TNF-R1, TRAIL-R1, TRAIL-R2, or DR3 were initially characterized as inducers of apoptosis, there is growing evidence that these receptors also have nonapoptotic functions, including regulation of the adaptive immune response. Bamias et al. (1) report that TL1A is expressed by lamina propia dendritic cells and that it functions … 

†To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: youngh{at}mail.ncifcrf.gov
Attention estimation by simultaneous analysis of viewer and view (2014)

This paper introduces a system for estimating the attention of a driver wearing a first person view camera using salient objects to improve gaze estimation. A challenging data set of pedestrians crossing intersections has been captured using Google Glass worn by a driver. A challenge unique to first person view from cars is that the interior of the car can take up a large part of the image. The proposed system automatically filters out the dashboard of the car, along with other parts of the instrumentation. The remaining area is used as a region of interest for a pedestrian detector. Two cameras looking at the driver are used to determine the direction of the driver's gaze, by examining the eye corners and the center of the iris. This coarse gaze estimation is then linked to the detected pedestrians to determine which pedestrian the driver is focused on at any given time.
The Current Status of Continuous Noninvasive Measurement of Total, Carboxy, and Methemoglobin Concentration (2011)

Intraoperative early detection of anemia, identifying toxic levels of carboxyhemoglobin after carbon monoxide exposure and titrating drug dosage to prevent toxic levels of methemoglobin are important goals. The pulse oximeter works by illuminating light into the tissue and sensing the amount of light absorbed. The same methodology is used by laboratory hemoglobinometers to measure hemoglobin concentration. Because both devices work in the same way, efforts were made to modify the pulse oximeter to also measure hemoglobin concentration. Currently there are 2 commercial pulse oximeters (Masimo Rainbow SET and OrSense NBM-200MP) that measure total hemoglobin concentration and one (Masimo) that also measures methemoglobin and carboxyhemoglobin. In this review, we describe the peer-reviewed literature addressing the accuracy of these monitors.
Cell Surface Remodeling by Plasmin: A New Function for an Old Enzyme (2012)

Plasmin, one of the most potent and reactive serine proteases, is involved in various physiological processes, including embryo development, thrombolysis, wound healing and cancer progression. The proteolytic activity of plasmin is tightly regulated through activation of its precursor, plasminogen, only at specific times and in defined locales as well as through inhibition of active plasmin by its abundant natural inhibitors. By exploiting the plasminogen activating system and overexpressing distinct components of the plasminogen activation cascade, such as pro-uPA, uPAR and plasminogen receptors, malignant cells can enhance the generation of plasmin which in turn, modifies the tumor microenvironment to sustain cancer progression. While plasmin-mediated degradation and modification of extracellular matrix proteins, release of growth factors and cytokines from the stroma as well as activation of several matrix metalloproteinase zymogens, all have been a focus of cancer research studies for decades, the ability of plasmin to cleave transmembrane molecules and thereby to generate functionally important cleaved products which induce outside-in signal transduction, has just begun to receive sufficient attention. Herein, we highlight this relatively understudied, but important function of the plasmin enzyme as it is generated de novo at the interface between cross-talking cancer and host cells.
TTLL10 can perform tubulin glycylation when co‐expressed with TTLL8 (2009)

Tubulin can undergo unusual post-translational modifications, glycylation and glutamylation. We previously failed to find glycylase (glycine ligase) for tubulin while identifying TTLL10 as a polyglycylase for nucleosome assembly protein 1. We here examine whether TTLL10 performs tubulin glycylation. We used a polyclonal antibody (R-polygly) raised against a poly(glycine) chain, which does not recognize monoglycylated protein. R-polygly strongly reacted with mouse tracheal cilia and axonemal tubulins. R-polygly detected many proteins in cell lysates co-expressing TTLL10 with TTLL8. Two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed that the R-polygly-reactive proteins included alpha- and beta-tubulin. R-polygly labeling signals overlapped with microtubules. These results indicate that TTLL10 can strongly glycylate tubulin in a TTLL8-dependent manner. Furthermore, these two TTLL proteins can glycylate unidentified 170-, 110-, 75-, 40-, 35-, and 30-kDa acidic proteins.
[Research on petroleum ether extract of rhizoma Drynariae]. (1999)

All the three compounds are triterpenoids.
Revocabilidad de los cheques (1969)

De acuerdo con la Legislación Colombiana, es válida la contraorden de un cheque? La superintendencia Bancaria en repetidas ocasiones, se ha pronunciado en el sentido
The Tunica Adventitia of Human Arteries and Veins As a Source of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2011)

We previously demonstrated that human pericytes, which encircle capillaries and microvessels, give rise in culture to genuine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This raised the question as to whether all MSC are derived from pericytes. Pericytes and other cells defined on differential expression of CD34, CD31, and CD146 were sorted from the stromal vascular fraction of human white adipose tissue. Besides pericytes, CD34+ CD31- CD146- CD45- cells, which reside in the outmost layer of blood vessels, the tunica adventitia, natively expressed MSC markers and gave rise in culture to clonogenic multipotent progenitors identical to standard bone marrow-derived MSC. Despite common MSC features and developmental properties, adventitial cells and pericytes retain distinct phenotypes and genotypes through culture. However, in the presence of growth factors involved in vascular remodeling, adventitial cells acquire a pericytes-like phenotype. In conclusion, we demonstrate the co-existence of 2 separate perivascular MSC progenitors: pericytes in capillaries and microvessels and adventitial cells around larger vessels.
Combination of different texture features for mammographic breast density classification (2012)

Mammographic breast density refers to the prevalence of fibroglandular tissue as it appears on a mammogram. Breast density is not only an important risk for developing breast cancer but can also mask abnormalities. Breast density information can be used for planning individualized screening and treatment. In this work, statistical distributions of different texture descriptors and their combination are investigated with Support Vector Machines (SVMs) for objective breast density classification: Scale Invariant Feature Transforms (SIFT), Local Binary Patterns (LBP) and texton histograms. SIFT is an approach for detecting and extracting local feature descriptors that are reasonably invariant to changes in illumination, image noise, rotation, scaling and small changes in viewpoint. The SIFT descriptor is a coarse descriptor of the edges found in the keypoints. LBPs provide a robust and computationally simple way for describing pure local binary patterns in a texture. They provide information regarding the prevalence of different edge patterns and uniformity. Textons are defined under the operational definition of clustered filter responses and provide a statistical and structural unifying approach for texture characterization. The breast density classification accuracy of the SVM classifiers modeled on the histograms of the three different sets of texture features separately and their combination is evaluated on the Medical Image Analysis Society (MIAS) mammographic database and the results are presented. The combination of the statistical distributions of all the different texture features allows for the highest classification accuracy, reaching over 93%.
Primary structure determination of <i>Escherichia coli</i> heat-stable enterotoxin of porcine origin (1983)

The chemical characterization of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) is described. The toxin was isolated and purified to homogeneity from the E. coli strain F11 (PI55) of porcine origin. Following quantitative amino acid analysis, the enterotoxin was found to contain 18 amino acids including 6 cysteines, but was devoid of Ser, Val, Met, Ile, Lys, His, and Arg residues. All cysteine residues were found to be involved in disulfide bridges, even though their positions could not be localized. The enterotoxin thus has a molecular weight of 1979 and was shown to be an octadecapeptide with the following sequence: H2N-Asn-Thr-Phe-Tyr-Cys-Cys-Glu-Leu-Cys-Cys-Asn-Pro-Ala-Cys-Ala-Gly-Cys-Tyr- COOH. Its relationship to other known enterotoxins is discussed.
Keystroke dynamics for user authentication (2012)

In this paper we investigate the problem of user authentication using keystroke biometrics. A new distance metric that is effective in dealing with the challenges intrinsic to keystroke dynamics data, i.e., scale variations, feature interactions and redundancies, and outliers is proposed. Our keystroke biometrics algorithms based on this new distance metric are evaluated on the CMU keystroke dynamics benchmark dataset and are shown to be superior to algorithms using traditional distance metrics.
Actinic detection and signal characterization of multilayer defects on EUV mask blanks (2004)

Actinic (at-wavelength) inspection of EUV mask blanks using a dark-field imaging proved a high sensitivity for detecting multilayer defects through detecting programmed phase defects accurate to 70nm in width and 2nm in height without any detection of false defects. Characterization of the experimental actinic inspection tool is ongoing to find the ultimate sensitivity of this tool to define the detailed specification of a proto-type tool. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of the defect signal intensity compared with AFM measurements taken from more than 20 programmed phase defects. This analysis proved that the signal intensity is mainly correlated with the volume of bumps whose sizes range from 2.8nm to 6.0nm in height and from 59nm to 86nm in width. The correlation suggests that the intensity variation within the group of the same design size reflects the actual variation of the defect size. Some natural defects other than programmed defects are also detected. The comparison of the defect signal and AFM analysis suggests that one of the detected defects is not a pure phase defect but more like an amplitude defect. The smallest natural defect had a surface height as low as 1.5nm, which can only be detected by lowering the detection threshold to the level with some statistically expected false defect counts. Current efforts to improve its detection capability while minimizing false defect detection are also discussed.
De versibus, systematis et strophis (2013)

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A Rectification Algorithm for Distorted Images from Cone Surface (2010)

This paper presents a novel approach on how to rectify the distorted images of the document on extensible surface. The surface of the document is modeled by a cone surface. By the geometry of camera image formation, differential geometry and projection geometry, the transformation equations to map the points on the surface in the 3D scene to the points on the image plane are achieved, and then the distorted images are rectified. Experiments are done by analyzing photographic methodology of images on cone surface in search of rectification algorithm with MATLAB program. The proposed method needs no auxiliary device. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and the application of the method.
Overview: Frac/Pack (February 2001) (2001)

Overview - No abstract available.
[Nonlinear dynamical complexity analysis of short-term heartbeat series using joint entropy]. (2007)

In this paper is reported a method using joint entropy to analyze the nonlinear dynamical complexity of short-term heart rate variability(HRV) signal. This method can effectively pick up dynamical information from the short-term heartbeat time series, reflect the dynamical complexity of heart rate variability, and so improve the quality of being covenient in clinical application. At first, the joint entropy method is demonstrated by applying it to the low-dimensional nonlinear deterministic systems such as logistic map and henon map. Then, the proposition is applied to the short-term heartbeat time series. The result shows that the method could robustly discriminate the patterns generated from healthy and pathologic states, as well as aging. Furthermore, the authors point out that decreased nonlinear dynamical complexity in the heartbeat time series with physiological aging and pathologic states is probably due to self-adjusting ability depression with aging and disease. At last, using the joint entropy method,the authors uncover nonrandom patterns in the ventricular response to atrial fibrillation.
The commercialization of bioinformatics (2000)

Biological research has experienced a paradigm shift from in vivo or in vitro experimentation to in silico experimentation, a development that relies upon bioinformatics. The beginning of bioinformatics stems from the fortuitous timing of the adoption of new DNA sequencing methods and the availability of mini-and bench-top computers, which became the tools to store and to analyze the sequence data. Another fortunate coincidence was the popularization of the Internet, which provided a means to exchange sequence data and sequence analysis software, and the establishment of the Human Genome Project, which stimulated the need for sophisticated data management and analysis tools. Market pull has rapidly stimulated bioinformatics commercialization as pharmaceutical companies discovered a potential means to cure their innovation deficit. One of the early models for commercializing bioinformatics was simply to sell access to databases of human nucleotide sequences. This strategy is heading toward obsolescence as the public consortium nears its goal of sequencing the human genome. The key to future commercialization of sequence data will be to develop informatics technology that transforms this data into information that is useful for diagnosis and therapy. A competitive transformation of sequence data into information will require improvements in data integration and data mining.
Range sensing based on shearing interferometry (1988)

We report an optical range sensor that combines the advantages of focus sensing and interferometry. It works for specularly reflecting objects and for diffusely reflecting objects. The sensor is simple, robust against vibrations, and has high depth resolution. The aperture is very small, hence the sensor is small and minimizes shading problems. The sensor is based on the following principle: A light spot is projected onto the object under test. The radius of the wave that is scattered at the object is measured with high accuracy by shearing interferometry.
Super multi-view near-eye display to solve vergence–accommodation conflict (2018)

A super multi-view (SMV) technique is applied to near-eye displays to solve the vergence-accommodation conflict that causes visual fatigue. The proposed SMV near-eye display employs a high-speed spatial light modulator (SLM), a two-dimensional (2D) light source array, and an imaging optics for each eye. The imaging optics produces a virtual image of the SLM and real images of the light sources to generate a 2D array of viewpoints. The SMV images are generated using a time-multiplexing technique: the multiple light sources sequentially emit light while the SLM synchronously displays corresponding parallax images. A monocular experimental system was constructed using a ferroelectric liquid crystal display and an LED array. A full-parallax SMV image generation with 21 viewpoints was demonstrated and a comparison of full-parallax and horizontal parallax SMV images provided.
The French Virtual Medical University (2000)

This paper is the description of a French Virtual Medical University based on the federation of existing or currently being developed resources in several Medical Schools in France. The objectives of the project is not only to share experiences across the country but also to integrate several resources using the New Information and Communication Technologies to support new pedagogical approaches for medical students and also for continuing medical education. The project includes : A virtual Medical Campus using secure access from several sites, The Integration of new interactive resources based on pedagogical methods, Implementation of new indexing and search engines based on medical vocabularies and ontologies, The definition of general and specific portals, the evaluation of the system for ergonomics and contents
Fast and efficient client-side adaptivity for SVG (2002)

The Scalable Vector Graphics format SVG is already substantially improving graphics delivery on the web, but some important issues still remain to be addressed. In particular, SVG does not support client-side adaption of documents to different viewing conditions, such as varying screen sizes, style preferences or different device capabilities. Based on our earlier work we show how SVG can be extended with constraint-based specification of document layout to augment it with adaptive capabilities. The core of our proposal is to include one-way constraints into SVG, which offer more expressiveness than the previously suggested class of linear constraints and at the same time require substantially less computational effort.
The role of IFN-gamma in systemic lupus erythematosus: a challenge to the Th1/Th2 paradigm in autoimmunity. (2001)

The classification of T helper cells into type 1 (Th1) and type 2 (Th2) led to the hypothesis that Th1 cells and their cytokines (interleukin [IL]-2, interferon [IFN]-gamma) are involved in cell-mediated autoimmune diseases, and that Th2 cells and their cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13) are involved in autoantibody(humoral)-mediated autoimmune diseases. However, this paradigm has been refuted by recent studies in several induced and spontaneous mouse models of systemic lupus erythematosus, which showed that IFN-gamma is a major effector molecule in this disease. These and additional findings, reviewed here, suggest that these two cross-talking classes of cytokines can exert autoimmune disease-promoting or disease-inhibiting effects without predictability or strict adherence to the Th1-versus-Th2 dualism.
Comparative transcriptome profiling analyses during the lag phase uncover YAP1, PDR1, PDR3, RPN4, and HSF1 as key regulatory genes in genomic adaptation to the lignocellulose derived inhibitor HMF for Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2010)

Complex gene interactions and regulatory networks as well as co-regulations exist in yeast adaptation and tolerance to the lignocellulose derived inhibitor HMF. Both induced and repressed genes involving diversified functional categories are accountable for adaptation and energy rebalancing in yeast to survive and adapt the HMF stress during the lag phase of growth. Transcription factor genes YAP1, PDR1, PDR3, RPN4, and HSF1 appeared to play key regulatory rules for global adaptation in the yeast S. cerevisiae.
Sensitive 4-Aminoantipyrine Method for Phenolic Compounds (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSensitive 4-Aminoantipyrine Method for Phenolic CompoundsM Ettinger, C Ruchhoft, and R LishkaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1951, 23, 12, 1783–1788Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60060a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60060a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2250Altmetric-Citations190LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genetic Engineering of Artificial Proteins Containing Non-Natural Amino Acids (2001)

Abstract : This project has led to new approaches to protein engineering through incorporation of non-natural amino acids. Protein stability and reactivity can be varied within wide limits via incorporation of fluorinated, brominated and unsaturated side chains.
A complete layout system for the PC (2005)

A LAyout system for individuals (LASI) that runs on the PC platform is presented, LASI is a general use layout, DRC, and extraction program that accepts and generates layouts in both CIF and GDS formats. The contents and operation of LASI are discussed.