gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Loss of imprinting of the insulin-like growth factor II gene occurs by biallelic methylation in a core region of <i>H19</i> -associated CTCF-binding sites in colorectal cancer (2000)

We hypothesize that loss of imprinting (LOI) of the insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2) gene is associated with a predisposition to sporadic colorectal cancer. We confirmed a previously known strong correlation between LOI and microsatellite instability and showed that LOI was not a consequence of microsatellite instability or mismatch repair deficiency. LOI of IGF2 correlated strongly with biallelic hypermethylation of a core of five CpG sites in the insulator region of IGF2/H19, which is a known CTCF-binding element. As this methylation-dependent LOI was present in both tumors and normal colonic mucosa, it is possible that hypermethylation creates a field defect predisposing to cancer.
Nocturia and Circadian Blood Pressure Profile in Healthy Elderly Male Volunteers (2006)

In healthy males with occasional nocturia, the occurrence of nocturia seems to be associated with a blunting of the circadian rhythm of diuresis and increased arterial blood pressures during the night. These findings may implicate a role for a baroregulatory related mechanism in nocturia.
Microalgae growth for nutrient recovery from sludge liquor and production of renewable bioenergy (2011)

Proof-of-concept has been demonstrated for a process that will utilize nutrients from sludge liquor, natural light, and CO2 from biogas to grow microalgae at wastewater treatment plants. This process will reduce the impact of returning side-streams to the head of the plant. The produced algae will be fed to anaerobic digesters for increased biogas production. Dewatering of anaerobically digested sludge in centrifuges produces reject water with extremely low transmittance of light. A pretreatment procedure was developed that improved light transmittance for reject water from the FREVAR, Norway, wastewater treatment plant from 0.1% T to 77% T (670 nm, 1 cm path). Chlorella sp. microalgae were found to be suitable for growth in this pre-treated reject water. Typical nitrogen removal was 80-90 g N/kg TSS of produced microalgae. The microalgae were successfully harvested by chemically assisted flocculation followed by straining through a 33 microm sieve cloth, achieving up to 99% recovery. Harvested algae were anaerobically co-digested with wastewater sludge. The specific methane gas production (mL CH4/g VS fed) for the algae varied from less than 65% to 90% of the specific methane gas production for the wastewater sludge, depending on digester temperature, retention time and pre-treatment of the algae biomass.
Better Absorbents for Ammonia Separation (2018)

Making ammonia from renewable wind energy at a competitive price may be possible if the conventional ammonia condenser is replaced with an ammonia absorber. Such a process change requires an ammonia selective absorbent. Supported metal halide sorbents for this separation display outstanding dynamic capacity close to their equilibrium thermodynamic limits. Alkaline earth chlorides and bromides supported on silica and zeolite Y are the most promising. MgCl2 and CaBr2 at 40% loading on silica show capacities of 60−70 mgNH3/gsorbent at 150 °C and 4 bar. Overall, cations with smaller atomic numbers show more affinity to ammonia; bromides hold ammonia more strongly than chlorides. Different solvents and metal halide mixtures do not show significant changes in the absorption capacity. These absorbents can be incorporated into ammonia reaction-absorption syntheses to achieve faster production rates.
JSIS3D: Joint Semantic-Instance Segmentation of 3D Point Clouds With Multi-Task Pointwise Networks and Multi-Value Conditional Random Fields (2019)

Deep learning techniques have become the to-go models for most vision-related tasks on 2D images. However, their power has not been fully realised on several tasks in 3D space, e.g., 3D scene understanding. In this work, we jointly address the problems of semantic and instance segmentation of 3D point clouds. Specifically, we develop a multi-task pointwise network that simultaneously performs two tasks: predicting the semantic classes of 3D points and embedding the points into high-dimensional vectors so that points of the same object instance are represented by similar embeddings. We then propose a multi-value conditional random field model to incorporate the semantic and instance labels and formulate the problem of semantic and instance segmentation as jointly optimising labels in the field model. The proposed method is thoroughly evaluated and compared with existing methods on different indoor scene datasets including S3DIS and SceneNN. Experimental results showed the robustness of the proposed joint semantic-instance segmentation scheme over its single components. Our method also achieved state-of-the-art performance on semantic segmentation.
Raman spectroscopic monitoring of the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (2011)

The differentiation of stem cells into multi-lineages is essential to aid the development of tissue engineered materials that replicate the functionality of their tissue of origin. For this study, Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor the formation of a bone-like apatite mineral during the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) towards an osteogenic lineage. Raman spectroscopy observed dramatic changes in the region dominated by the stretching of phosphate groups (950-970 cm(-1)) during the period of 7-28 days. Changes were also seen at 1030 cm(-1) and 1070 cm(-1), which are associated with the P-O symmetric stretch of PO(4)(3-) and the C-O vibration in the plane stretch of CO(3)(2-). Multivariate factor analysis revealed the presence of various mineral species throughout the 28 day culture period. Bone mineral formation was observed first at day 14 and was identified as a crystalline, non-substituted apatite. During the later stages of culture, different mineral species were observed, namely an amorphous apatite and a carbonate, substituted apatite, all of which are known to be Raman markers for a bone-like material. Band area ratios revealed that both the carbonate-to-phosphate and mineral-to-matrix ratios increased with age. When taken together, these findings suggest that the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs at early stages resembles endochondral ossification. Due to the various mineral species observed, namely a disordered amorphous apatite, a B-type carbonate-substituted apatite and a crystalline non-substituted hydroxyapatite, it is suggested that the bone-like mineral observed here can be compared to native bone. This work demonstrates the successful application of Raman spectroscopy combined with biological and multivariate analyses for monitoring the various mineral species, degree of mineralisation and the crystallinity of hMSCs as they differentiate into osteoblasts.
Tunable Resistive m-dPEG Acid Patterns on Polyelectrolyte Multilayers at Physiological Conditions:  Template for Directed Deposition of Biomacromolecules (2007)

This paper describes a new class of salt-responsive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on top of polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEMs) films. PEM surfaces with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) as the topmost layer are chemically patterned by microcontact printing (muCP) oligomeric PEG molecules with an activated carboxylic acid terminal group (m-dPEG acid). The resistive m-d-poly(ethylene glycol) (m-dPEG) acid molecules on the PEMs films were subsequently removed from the PEM surface with salt treatment, thus converting the nonadhesive surfaces into adhesive surfaces. The resistive PEG patterns facilitate the directed deposition of various macromolecules such as polymers, dyes, colloidal particles, proteins, liposomes, and nucleic acids. Further, these PEG patterns act as a universal resist for different types of cells (e.g., primary cells, cell lines), thus permitting more flexibility in attaching a wide variety of cells to material surfaces. The patterned films were characterized by optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The PEG patterns were removed from the PEM surface at certain salt conditions without affecting the PEM films underneath the SAMs. Removal of the PEG SAMs and the stability of the PEM films underneath it were characterized with ellipsometry and optical microscopy. Such salt- and pH-responsive surfaces could lead to significant advances in the fields of tissue engineering, targeted drug delivery, materials science, and biology.
NetCap: a tool for the capacity planning of Ethernet LANs (2002)

Network capacity planning is the practice of anticipating the future needs of networked users and designing the network accordingly. This paper presents a tool called NetCap, which takes a unique approach to the problem of capacity planning for Ethernet LANs. The tool, which runs on standard Intel-based PCs running Windows NT, takes advantage of live network utilization data from Simple Network Management Protocol agents on the LAN to perform an analysis of the present LAN condition. In addition, using the same utilization data, it allows a network administrator to describe additions to the LAN and then predicts the future performance of the LAN based on the prescribed changes. To make the analysis, the tool uses proven analysis techniques. The results from using the tool for a month in a real world network environment are also discussed.
Design Features of Graphs in Health Risk Communication: A Systematic Review (2006)

This review describes recent experimental and focus group research on graphics as a method of communication about quantitative health risks. Some of the studies discussed in this review assessed effect of graphs on quantitative reasoning, others assessed effects on behavior or behavioral intentions, and still others assessed viewers' likes and dislikes. Graphical features that improve the accuracy of quantitative reasoning appear to differ from the features most likely to alter behavior or intentions. For example, graphs that make part-to-whole relationships available visually may help people attend to the relationship between the numerator (the number of people affected by a hazard) and the denominator (the entire population at risk), whereas graphs that show only the numerator appear to inflate the perceived risk and may induce risk-averse behavior. Viewers often preferred design features such as visual simplicity and familiarity that were not associated with accurate quantitative judgments. Communicators should not assume that all graphics are more intuitive than text; many of the studies found that patients' interpretations of the graphics were dependent upon expertise or instruction. Potentially useful directions for continuing research include interactions with educational level and numeracy and successful ways to communicate uncertainty about risk.
REACTIONS OF TETRAHYDROPHENANTHRENE. II (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTREACTIONS OF TETRAHYDROPHENANTHRENE. IIW. E. BACHMANN and M. W. CRONYNCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1943, 08, 5, 456–465Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1943https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01193a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01193a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Liquid crystal light valve projector for shipboard use</title> (1980)

A projection display system incorporating a CRT driven liquid crystal light valve has been designed for use on various types of naval vessels. The projection unit can be used in either a horizontal plotter configuration or a vertical large screen display. It has been designed to withstand the rigorous environmental requirements of surface ship and submarine applications. The totally water cooled projector consists of two principal optical subsystems, the illumination optical system and the projection optics. Common to both subsystems is the polarizing beamsplitting prism which acts as both polarizer and analyzer. Since the light valve operates in linearly polarized light, extreme care has been taken in mounting the prism such that undue stress is not induced in the glass while at the same time maintaining the integrity to withstand all shock and vibration requirements. Excessive force on the prism leads to stress birefringence which causes contrast degradation and non-uniformity in the projected image. In addition to the prism, the illumination subsystem includes a replaceable prealigned, prefocussed, 550 watt, water-cooled xenon arc lamp module, and optical elements to relay the light to the light valve. The light valve, being a reflective device, then directs the energy through the projection optics. To minimize cabinet size in the horizontal plotter and bulkhead to screen distance in the vertical display, a wide angle folded projection lens was required. Attenuation of light output and night adaptation is accomplished with the use of neutral density and red filters. Operator controls such as light output, focus, centering, and scaling can be remotely actuated.
Output power excursions in a cascade of EDFAs fed by multichannel burst-mode packet traffic: experimentation and modeling (2001)

A serious problem facing wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) networks with fiber amplifier cascades is transient cross-gain saturation or gain dynamics of fiber amplifiers. Attention has been focused primarily on circuit-switched scenarios. When the number of WDM channels transmitted through a circuit-switching network varies, channel addition/removal will tend to perturb signals at the surviving channels that share all or part of the route. Even more serious bit error rate deterioration can arise in WDM packet switched burst mode networks. In this paper, we present experimental and theoretical results demonstrating the effect of fast power transients in erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) on packetized traffic transmitted through a chain of five EDFAs. Traffic of a local-area network has been transmitted over three channels. The effect of EDFA cross-gain saturation due to the burstiness of the traffic has been observed in a continuous-wave monitoring channel. The stabilizing effect of gain clamping of the first EDFA in the cascade has been investigated. The experimental results are extended to eight-channel WDM system using a large signal numerical analysis.
The flavokawains: uprising medicinal chalcones (2013)

Plant-based compounds have been in the spotlight in search of new and promising drugs. Flavokawain A, B and C are naturally occurring chalcones that have been isolated from several medicinal plants; namely the piper methysticum or commercially known as the kava-kava. Multiple researches have been done to evaluate the bioactivities of these compounds. It has been shown that all three flavokawains may hold promising anti-cancer effects. It has also been revealed that both flavokawain A and B are involved in the induction of cell cycle arrest in several cancer cell lines. Nevertheless, flavokawain B was shown to be more effective in treating in vitro cancer cell lines as compared to flavokawain A and C. Flavokawain B also exerts antinociceptive effects as well as anti-inflammation properties. This mini-review attempts to discuss the biological properties of all the flavokawains that have been reported.
Genomic Characterization of the First Equine-Like G3P[8] Rotavirus Strain Detected in the United States (2017)

We report here the full coding region sequences for all 11 segments of the first equine-like G3P[8] rotavirus strain detected in the United States, strain RVA/Human-wt/USA/3000390639/2015/G3P[8]. The full genotype constellation of this strain is G3-P[8]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2.
Trapping effects in silver-doped mercuric iodide crystals (1977)

Electrical and photoelectrical characteristics of silver-doped mercuric iodide crystals were investigated with a view to study the trapping phenomena in these crystals. Trapping parameters were determined by thermally-stimulated-current measurements, photoluminescence spectra, spectral response, and photoconductive decay measurements. The effects of temperature on pulse height under uniform illumination was measured in the temperature range of −100 to +100 °C. Resistivity changes and I-V characteristics are also discussed. Results of the experiments indicate a strong possibility for the existence of at least two main impurity levels in silver-doped HgI2—one, a hole trapping acceptor level at 0.73 eV above the valence band, and another, possibly a donor level, at 0.26 eV below the conduction band. The effect of a compensated acceptor level on polarization is also shown.
Simultaneous photoacoustic and optical attenuation imaging of single cells using photoacoustic microscopy (2016)

A new technique for simultaneously acquiring photoacoustic images as well as images based on the optical attenuation of single cells in a human blood smear was developed. An ultra-high frequency photoacoustic microscope equipped with a 1 GHz transducer and a pulsed 532 nm laser was used to generate the images. The transducer and 20X optical objective used for laser focusing were aligned coaxially on opposing sides of the sample. Absorption of laser photons by the sample yielded conventional photoacoustic (PA) signals, while incident photons which were not attenuated by the sample were absorbed by the transducer, resulting in the formation of a photoacoustic signal (tPA) within the transducer itself. Both PA and tPA signals, which are separated in time, were recorded by the system in a single RF-line. Areas of strong signal in the PA images corresponded to dark regions in the tPA images. Additional details, including the clear delineation of the cell cytoplasm and features in red blood cells, were visible in the tPA image but not the corresponding PA image. This imaging method has applications in probing the optical absorption and attenuation characteristics of biological cells with sub-cellular resolution.
An Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Initiator Protein, Rep78, Catalyzes the Cleavage and Ligation of Single-Stranded AAV <i>ori</i> DNA (2000)

The Rep78 protein of adeno-associated virus (AAV) contains amino acid sequence motifs common to rolling-circle replication (RCR) initiator proteins. In this report, we describe RCR initiator-like activities of Rep78. We demonstrate that a maltose-binding protein (MBP)-Rep78 fusion protein can catalyze the cleavage and ligation of single-stranded DNA substrates derived from the AAV origin of replication. Rep-mediated single-stranded DNA cleavage was strictly dependent on the presence of certain divalent cations (e.g., Mn(2+) or Mg(2+)) but did not require the presence of a nucleoside triphosphate cofactor. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that binding of single-stranded DNA by MBP-Rep78 was influenced by the length of the substrate as well as the presence of potential single-stranded cis-acting sequence elements. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to examine the role of specific tyrosine residues within a conserved RCR motif (motif 3) of Rep78. Replacement of Tyr-156 with phenylalanine abolished the ability of MBP-Rep78 to mediate the cleavage and ligation of single-stranded DNA substrates but not the ability to stably bind single-stranded DNA. The cleaving-joining activity of Rep78 is consistent with the mechanism of replicative intermediate dimer resolution proposed for the autonomous parvoviruses and may have implications for targeted integration of recombinant AAV vectors.
Multi-site distributed database transactions utilizing deferred update (1997)

Commercial distributed database systems typically provide an optional protocol that defers updates of replicas in order to attain higher transaction throughput. Each replicated data item is assigned a primary copy site, and has a set of sites with secondary copies. In a typical deferred update protocol, a transaction directly updates only the primary copy of each data item it modifes. After a transaction commits, its updates to primary copies are sent transactionally to other sites containing secondary copies of these data items. Thus, the protocol allows the values of the primary and secondary copies of a data item to differ until the secondary copies are updated. In this paper, we present a protocol to execute global transactions (i.e., transactions that execute at multiple sites) in a replicated database system with a deferred update mechanism, where the replication topology is a tree. The protocol generalizes to systems whose replication topology is a forest rather than a tree: In both cases, we show that the protocols ensure global serializability.
90. Evaluation of Novel Gene Transfer Vectors Derived from Infectious Molecular Clones of Primate AAVs (2004)

We recently isolated and characterized a diverse array of novel primate AAVs from human and nonhuman primate (NHP) tissues through either PCR-based molecular rescue of proviral sequences or direct rescue and cloning of infectious virus genomes from tissues or primary cell cultures. In the present study, we focus on evaluating gene transfer vectors derived from infectious molecular clones of novel primate AAVs. Our study revealed that, in comparison with recombinant AAV2 genomes, packaging efficiency of recombinant AAV8 and AAVrh.39 genomes was significantly reduced, when trans-plasmids carrying both rep and cap genes from AAV8 and AAV rh.39, respectively, and Adhu5 helper plasmid were used for triple transfection of 293 cells. We speculated that incompatibility between replication and packaging of those novel primate vectors and helper gene functions from Adhu5 could be one of the causes for the deficiency. Identification and optimization of appropriate helper adenovirus with most likely a simian origin could be one of the strategies to overcome the packaging difficulty.