gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transgenic Expression of Onion Leaf Lectin Gene in Indian Mustard Offers Protection against Aphid Colonization (2006)

Genes of three naturally occurring monocot mannose‐binding lectins from snowdrop ( Galanthus nivalis L. agglutinin, GNA), garlic ( Allium sativum L. leaf agglutinin, ASAL), and onion ( Allium cepa L. agglutinin, ACA) and a recombinant fusion lectin between ASAL and ACA genes were expressed in a bacterial system. The pure and active form of the recombinant lectin peptides were utilized for estimation of their sensitivity potential against feeding nymphs of mustard aphid [ Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach)], a major sap‐sucking insect pest of Indian mustard [ Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.], an oilseed crop. The artificial diet bioassay revealed that ACA and the fusion lectin contained higher toxicity potential than GNA and ASAL. Ectopic expression of these lectins in mustard plants confirmed their protective capacity on the development of the population of aphids on transgenic plants. Based on the strong possibilities that lectins originating from diverse sources would have differential insecticidal potential against different insects, deployment of the appropriate lectin gene figures as crucial in the transgenic approach to protect crop plants against sap‐sucking insect pests.
Long range and high resolution reflectometry by synthesis of optical coherence function at region beyond the coherence length (2005)

A long-range and high-resolution reflectometry is proposed by synthesis of optical coherence function at region beyond the coherence length has been proposed. We discuss and simulate the principle of the reflectometry system. In basic experiments, the reflectivity distributions are successfully measured at the region beyond the coherence length with a spatial resolution of 19 cm and a measurement range of 1 km.
A Novel Multivariate Sample Entropy Algorithm for Modeling Time Series Synchronization (2018)

Approximate and sample entropy (AE and SE) provide robust measures of the deterministic or stochastic content of a time series (regularity), as well as the degree of structural richness (complexity), through operations at multiple data scales. Despite the success of the univariate algorithms, multivariate sample entropy (mSE) algorithms are still in their infancy and have considerable shortcomings. Not only are existing mSE algorithms unable to analyse within- and cross-channel dynamics, they can counter-intuitively interpret increased correlation between variates as decreased regularity. To this end, we first revisit the embedding of multivariate delay vectors (DVs), critical to ensuring physically meaningful and accurate analysis. We next propose a novel mSE algorithm and demonstrate its improved performance over existing work, for synthetic data and for classifying wake and sleep states from real-world physiological data. It is furthermore revealed that, unlike other tools, such as the correlation of phase synchrony, synchronized regularity dynamics are uniquely identified via mSE analysis. In addition, a model for the operation of this novel algorithm in the presence of white Gaussian noise is presented, which, in contrast to the existing algorithms, reveals for the first time that increasing correlation between different variates reduces entropy.
Lubricant oil systems for gas turbines (1977)

General Electric Co. discusses how a properly designed lubricant oil system contributes significantly to the reliability, maintainability, and low operating cost of a gas turbine. The primary function of the system is to provide the bearings with fluid of the proper viscosity and cleanliness level at the necessary flow rate. The system might also lubricate the hydraulic system, reduction gear, and couplings. To perform all these functions, the system must be an integration of many components, including the lubricant, reservoir, pumps, interconnecting piping, filters, valves, heat exchangers, and instrumentation.
Preparation of waterborne polyurethane nanocomposite reinforced with halloysite nanotubes for coating applications (2016)

ABSTRACT To construct waterborne polyurethane with excellent water resistance and mechanical properties, an organic‐inorganic hybrid nanocomposite based on modified halloysite nanotubes (mHNTs) and polyurethane was prepared. The HNTs were modified with an amino‐silane coupling agent (KH550) and then reacted with polypropylene glycol, 2,2‐Dimethylol propionic acid, and Toluene diisocyanate to form mHNTs/PU aqueous dispersions. The structure of the siloxane functionalized mHNTs was confirmed by a Fourier transform infrared study. The PU/mHNTs composites were characterized by using differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electronic microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, a tensile test, particle size analysis, and a water swelling experiment. The tensile strength, Young's modulus, and elongation at the break of the composite polymer with 0.5 wt % mHNTs was shown to be significantly improved, by approximately 200%, 200%, and 30%, respectively. An excess amount of mHNTs could weaken the reinforcing effect and stability of the composite emulsion. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133 , 43949.
Dosimetric comparison of the specific anthropomorphic mannequin (SAM) to 14 anatomical head models using a novel definition for the mobile phone positioning (2005)

This paper presents new definitions for obtaining reproducible results in numerical phone dosimetry. Numerous numerical dosimetric studies have been published about the exposure of mobile phone users which concluded with conflicting results. However, many of these studies lack reproducibility due to shortcomings in the description of the phone positioning. The new approach was tested by two groups applying two different numerical program packages to compare the specific anthropomorphic mannequin (SAM) to 14 anatomically correct head models. A novel definition for the positioning of mobile phones next to anatomically correct head models is given along with other essential parameters to be reported. The definition is solely based on anatomical characteristics of the head. A simple up-to-date phone model was used to determine the peak spatial specific absorption rate (SAR) of mobile phones in SAM and in the anatomically correct head models. The results were validated by measurements. The study clearly shows that SAM gives a conservative estimate of the exposure in anatomically correct head models for head only tissue. Depending on frequency, phone position and head size the numerically calculated 10 g averaged SAR in the pinna can be up to 2.1 times greater than the peak spatial SAR in SAM. Measurements in small structures, such as the pinna, will significantly increase the uncertainty; therefore SAM was designed for SAR assessment in the head only. Whether SAM will provide a conservative value for the pinna depends on the pinna SAR limit of the safety standard considered.
Polarizing Holography (1967)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Olof Bryngdahl, "Polarizing Holography," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 57, 545-546 (1967) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Efficacy of intralesional injection with PV-10 in combination with co-inhibitory blockade in a murine model of melanoma (2014)

Meeting abstracts PV-10 is a 10% solution of Rose Bengal that is currently being examined as a novel cancer therapeutic. We have previously shown that intralesional (IL) injection of PV-10 into a single subcutaneous B16 melanoma tumor led to regression of both the injected tumor and uninjected B16
Biochemical Topology: Applications to DNA Recombination and Replication (1986)

Processes of DNA rearrangement such as recombination or replication frequently have as products different subsets of the limitless number of distinguishable catenanes or knots. The use of gel electrophoresis and electron microscopy for analysis of these topological isomers has made it possible to deduce physical and geometric features of DNA structure and reaction mechanisms that are otherwise experimentally inaccessible. Quantitative as well as qualitative characterization is possible for any pathway in which the fate of a circular DNA can be followed. The history, theory, and techniques are reviewed and illustrative examples from recent studies are presented.
[Analysis of epidemic characteristics for meningococcal meningitis in China during 2015-2017]. (2019)

<b>Objective:</b> To analyze the characteristics of epidemiology and <i>neisseria meningitidis</i> (<i>Nm</i>) serogroups distribution for meningococcal meningitis (MM) cases in China from 2015 to 2017. <b>Methods:</b> The data of MM cases were collected from National Notifiable Diseases Registry System (NNDRS) and case-based MM surveillance system (MMSS) from 2015 to 2017; Demographic data are from the National Bureau of statistics. Inclusion criteria: the date of onset was January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017, the status of infectious disease report card was "final examination card", the cases are classified as "laboratory confirmed cases" and "clinical diagnostic cases", and the card data information of disease name was "Meningococcal meningitis". According to the Diagnostic Criteria for Meningococcal meningitis (WS295-2008), laboratory confirm was made for reported cases or clinically diagnosed cases of meningococcal meningitis. <b>Results:</b> From 2015 to 2017, a total of 325 MM cases were reported in China, with an average annual incidence of 0.007 9 per 100 000 population. And 148 cases were laboratory confirmed. There were 3, 15, 12, 5, 2 and 18 provinces which were reported serogroup A, B, C, W, Y, Others and NG MM Cases, respectively. Except for Tibet and Hainan, other provinces have reported group A cases; The provinces reporting group B, C, W and Y cases increased by 9, 11, 13 and 2 provinces in 2007, respectively compared with 2005. Serogroup B was the primary reason causing the cases of <1 year old and 1-6 years old children; and in this age group, 51.43% (18 cases) and 68.18% (15 cases) of group B were accounted for in laboratory confirmed, respectively; Serogroup C, others and NG was the major reason in the cases of 7-12 and >12 years old students and adults: 33.33% (5 cases) and 26.32% (20 cases) of group C were accounted for in laboratory confirmed respectively, then 26.67% (4 cases) and 34.21% (26 cases) of group others and NG were accounted for respectively; 2 cases of serogroup Y were all >12 years old. <b>Conclusion:</b> The epidemic serogroup of <i>Nm</i> caused MM cases showed a diversifying trend. To develop and provide new vaccines for serogroup B and other bacteria groups should be one of the important tasks for MM control and prevention in the future.
The Design and Evaluation of A Novel Forage Harvester (2001)

A novel harvester using shredding/crushing mechanism was designed, fabricated andtested. The objective was to improve the feed value of corn silage for dairy cows by increasingthe digestibility of both fibrous components and corn kernels. The machine used two pairs ofcorrugated rolls which turn at different speeds to shred whole-plant corn. Samples werecollected to make silage in lab-scaled silos for ensiling evaluation. Machine power usage andsilage particle sizes were recorded for various conditions including combinations of roll speeds,the minimum clearance between the rolls within a pair, and the unit roll forces on the rolls.Good particle size reduction can be achieved with certain machine configurations; corn stalkswere shredded and torn apart, kernels were damaged, and there were no large cobs. There werevery small (<1 kW h/Mg) differences in specific energy requirements among the different speedtreatments tested. Minimum roll clearances of 10 mm (front rolls) and 1 mm (rear rolls), alongwith unit roll forces of 15 N/mm (front) and 45 N/mm (rear) produced more processed materialwith thinner stalks and shorter pieces than the minimum roll clearance of pair 10 mm (front) and2 mm (rear) or unit roll forces of 30 N/mm (front) and 30 N/mm (rear). Specific energyincreased with increased unit roll force for minimum roll clearances of 10 mm (front) and 1 mm (rear). Total specific energy requirement for shredding ranged from 4.0 to 5.0 kW h/Mg DM forthe conditions tested. The shredded particles ensiled well in lab-scaled silos. There was nosignificant difference in either silo density or particle size distribution among different speedtreatments. Analysis by simulation model IFSM showed great potential to produce a feed withmore digestible stover and grain.
A new amine catalyzed synthesis of 2-substituted 2,3-dihydro-4H-1,3-benzoxazin-4-ones (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new amine catalyzed synthesis of 2-substituted 2,3-dihydro-4H-1,3-benzoxazin-4-onesRonald B. GammillCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 16, 3340–3342Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00329a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00329a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views704Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Calcium Hexaboride Powder via the Reaction of Calcium Carbonate with Boron Carbide and Carbon (2001)

The synthesis of calcium hexaboride (CaB 6 ) powder via the reaction of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) with boron carbide (B 4 C) and carbon has been investigated systematically in the present study. The influences of heating temperature and holding time on the reaction products have been studied using X‐ray diffractometry, and the morphologies of CaB 6 obtained at various temperatures and holding times have been investigated via scanning electron microscopy. The interaction in the CaCO 3 –B 4 C–carbon system by which CaB 6 is formed is a solid‐phase process that passes through the transition phases Ca 3 B 2 O 6 and CaB 2 C 2 . The optimal conditions for CaB 6 synthesis are a holding time of 2.5 h at a temperature of 1673 K, under vacuum (a pressure of 10 −2 Pa). CaB 6 powder has the same morphology as B 4 C, and the properties and the shape of CaB 6 powders can be improved by choosing good‐quality raw materials.
Low-Temperature Deposition of TiO<sub>2</sub> Thin Films with Photocatalytic Activity from Colloidal Anatase Aqueous Solutions (2001)

Crystalline TiO2 films have been deposited on several substrates (glass, F-doped SnO2-covered glass, and silicon wafers) by a drain-coating method from a colloidal anatase aqueous solution. The process is performed at low-temperature, 333 K, in open atmosphere. The colloidal TiO2 consists on anatase nanoparticles of about 9 × 5 nm size, stabilized by tetrabutylammonium cations (TBA+). This colloid has also been obtained under mild conditions (i.e., low temperature and ambient pressure) by hydrolysis of tetraisopropyl orthotitanate (TIP) in the presence of (TBA)OH and subsequent treatment by microwave radiation to enhance crystallization. Different film thicknesses have been obtained by consecutive deposition processes. Titania films thus obtained were transparent and showed good adherence. FT-IR analysis of the films reveal that TBA cations were not trapped in the film during the deposition process. No further thermal posttreatment was required to eliminate organics from the films or to induce titania crystallization. The photocatalytic activity of as-deposited titania has been assessed by the photodegradation of salicylic acid in aqueous solution under aerated conditions.
A new eigenvector beam-forming method without first eigenvector for reducing interference inside relay station (2012)

In recent wireless communications, communication with wider service area and high data rate is required by the spread of mobile phones and wireless LAN systems. Moreover, wireless communication becomes a very important tool: hence, it must be reliable when disasters, and on on occur. From the viewpoint of decreasing the transmission power and expanding the service area, relay stations are investigated regardless of mobile and fixed wireless communications. Moreover, MIMO transmission using the relay station, Relay MIMO transmission is proposed from the viewpoint of a high frequency utilization and reliable communication [1].
Multinetwork classification scheme for detection of colonic polyps in CT colonography data sets (2002)

A multi-network decision classification scheme for colonic polyp detection is presented. The approach is based on the results of voting over several neural networks using different variable sets of size N which are selected randomly or by an expert from a general variable set of size M. Detection of colonic polyps is complicated by a large variety of polypoid looking shapes (haustral folds, leftover stool) on the colon surface. Using various shape and curvature characteristics, intensity, size measurements and texture features to distinguish real polyps from false positives leads to an intricate classification problem. We used 17 features including region density, Gaussian and average curvature and sphericity, lesion size, colon wall thickness, and their means and standard deviations in the vicinity of the prospective polyp. Selection of the most important parameters to reduce a feature set to acceptable size is a generally unsolved problem. The method suggested in this paper uses a collection of subsets of variables. These sets of variables are weighted by their effectiveness. The effectiveness cost function is calculated on the basis of the training and test sample mis-classification rates obtained by the training neural net with the given variable set. The final decision is based on the majority vote across the networks generated using the variable subsets, and takes into account the weighted votes of all nets. This method reduces the flst positive rate by a factor of 1.7 compared to single net decisions. The overall sensitivity and specificity rates reached are 100% and 95% correspondingly. Best specificity and sensitivity rates were reached using back propagation neural nets with one hidden layer trained with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. Ten-fold cross-validation is used to better estimate the true error rates.
A behavioral method for efficient screening of visual acuity in young infants. I. Preliminary laboratory development. (1978)

A technique for rapid behavioral screening of grating acuity in infants 1 to 4 months of age is described. The approach, called forced-choice preferential looking (FPL), depends upon the fact that normal infants will stare fixedly at acuity gratings with stripe widths above a rather abrupt cutoff width. The present task is to find the minimum stripe width, termed the diagnostic stripe width, to which infants with normal visual acuity will readily respond. The expectation is that infants with below-normal acuity will not be able to respond to diagnostic stripes so defined. To assess the feasibility of such a test procedure and define preliminary diagnostic stripe widths for infants 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks of age, 76 presumptively normal infants were tested in the laboratory with a 40-trial FPL procedure. Sixty-nine infants (91%) completed the test procedure. For each age group, a preliminary estimate of the diagnostic stripe width was found. The group performance was uniformly high for the stripe widths designated as diagnostic and fell off sharply for finer stripes, confirming the feasibility of the approach.
Hierarchical categorization of edit operations for separately committing large refactoring results (2015)

In software configuration management using a version control system, developers have to follow the commit policy of the project. However, preparing changes according to the policy are sometimes cumbersome and time-consuming, in particular when applying large refactoring consisting of multiple primitive refactoring instances. In this paper, we propose a technique for re-organizing changes by recording editing operations of source code. Editing operations including refactoring operations are hierarchically managed based on their types provided by an integrated development environment. Using the obtained hierarchy, developers can easily configure the granularity of changes and obtain the resulting changes based on the configured granularity. We confirmed the feasibility of the technique by applying it to the recorded changes in a large refactoring process.
Traffic prediction and navigation using historical and current information (2008)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.
Cultivation of Oyster Mushroom (<i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>) on Sawdust (2009)

A study was conducted to examine the effect of different types of spawns on oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) production using sawdust. Locally available grains of kurakkan (Eleusine coracana), maize (broken) (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and paddy (Oryza sativa) were used for spawn production. Sawdust spawned with different types P. ostreatus spawns were examined for spawn running (mycelia development), pinhead formation and fruit body formation, mean yield, and biological efficiency. The experiment was setup as a complete randomized design with three replicates. The kurakkan spawn produced an acceleration of spawn running, pinhead formation, fruit body formation and increased yield, compared with other types of spawn viz.; maize, sorghum, and paddy. The fastest spawn running of 21 ± 1 days, pinhead formation of 35 ± 1 days, highest mean yield of 55.37 ± 0.67 g and maximum fresh mushroom yield percentage of 30.76 ± 0.01 were realized for kurakkan spawn. Key words: Eleusine coracana, Pleurotus ostreatus, Sorghum bicolor, Oryza sativa, Zea mays, spawn doi: 10.4038/cjsbs.v37i2.505 Cey. J. Sci. (Bio. Sci.) 37 (2): 177-182, 2008