gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tenascin-C Modulates Matrix Contraction via Focal Adhesion Kinase– and Rho-mediated Signaling Pathways (2002)

A provisional matrix consisting of fibrin and fibronectin (FN) is deposited at sites of tissue damage and repair. This matrix serves as a scaffold for fibroblast migration into the wound where these cells deposit new matrix to replace lost or damaged tissue and eventually contract the matrix to bring the margins of the wound together. Tenascin-C is expressed transiently during wound repair in tissue adjacent to areas of injury and contacts the provisional matrix in vivo. Using a synthetic model of the provisional matrix, we have found that tenascin-C regulates cell responses to a fibrin-FN matrix through modulation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and RhoA activation. Cells on fibrin-FN+tenascin-C redistribute their actin to the cell cortex, downregulate focal adhesion formation, and do not assemble a FN matrix. Cells surrounded by a fibrin-FN+tenascin-C matrix are unable to induce matrix contraction. The inhibitory effect of tenascin-C is circumvented by downstream activation of RhoA. FAK is also required for matrix contraction and the absence of FAK cannot be overcome by activation of RhoA. These observations show dual requirements for both FAK and RhoA activities during contraction of a fibrin-FN matrix. The effects of tenascin-C combined with its location around the wound bed suggest that this protein regulates fundamental processes of tissue repair by limiting the extent of matrix deposition and contraction to fibrin-FN-rich matrix in the primary wound area.
ChemInform Abstract: X:YZH SYSTEMS AS POTENTIAL 1,3‐DIPOLES. PART 2. OXIME CYCLOADDITIONS: FORMATION OF 2:1 ADDUCTS (1984)

Abstract Bei der Cycloaddition der Olefine (II) and die Oxime (I) entstehen die 2:1‐Addukte (III) und (IV).
Comparison for Image Edge Detection Algorithms (2012)

Edge is the basic characteristic of image, edge detection plays an important role in computer vision and image analysis. The pretty usefull and identical information contained in edge of sub-image enable edge detection to be the main approach to image analysis and recognition. This paper compares and analyzes several kinds of classical algorithms of image edge detection, including Roberts, Sobel, Prewitt, LOG and Canny with MATLAB tool.
Active Antenna System enhancement for supporting Licensed Shared Access (LSA) concept (2014)

Mobile and wireless communication networks will need to cope with the tremendous increase in data traffic anticipated over the next decade. Beyond the levers of increased network densification and enhanced spectral efficiency more radio spectrum is clearly needed for mobile networks to fulfill capac
Caracterización preliminar del enzima polifenol oxidasa en frutas tropicales: implicaciones en su proceso de industrialización (2007)

In this work a preliminary characterization of Polyphenol Oxidase enzyme (PPO) was done, this enzyme is responsible of nutritional deterioration of Physalis peruviana (uchuva) y Solanum hirtum X Solanum quitoense (lulo), fruits with highly potential international market. In order to do it, the kinetic reaction of an enzymatic concentrate extract from fruits and the inhibitory activity of some compounds from natural sources were evaluated. The differences between PPO extracts from lulo and uchuva, with values of reaction velocity of 1,32x10 -3 ±1,15x10 -4 1 y 9,83x10 -4 ±1,49x10 -5 respectively, could be related with high enzyme concentration in lulo. On the other hand, an analysis of inhibition percentage and maxim absorbance was performed, in order to determine not only the inhibitory capacity of compounds, but also their duration along the time.
Effects of <i>in vivo</i> injury on the neuromuscular junction in healthy and dystrophic muscles (2012)

The most common and severe form of muscular dystrophy is Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a disorder caused by the absence of dystrophin, a structural protein found on the cytoplasmic surface of the sarcolemma of striated muscle fibres. Considerable attention has been dedicated to studying myofibre damage and muscle plasticity, but there is little information to determine if damage from contraction-induced injury occurs at or near the nerve terminal axon. We used α-bungarotoxin to compare neuromuscular junction (NMJ) morphology in healthy (wild-type, WT) and dystrophic (mdx) mouse quadriceps muscles and evaluated transcript levels of the post-synaptic muscle-specific kinase signalling complex. Our focus was to study changes in NMJs after injury induced with an established in vivo animal injury model. Neuromuscular transmission, electromyography (EMG), and NMJ morphology were assessed 24 h after injury. In non-injured muscle, muscle-specific kinase expression was significantly decreased in mdx compared to WT. Injury resulted in a significant loss of maximal torque in WT (39 ± 6%) and mdx (76 ± 8%) quadriceps, but significant changes in NMJ morphology, neuromuscular transmission and EMG data were found only in mdx following injury. Compared with WT mice, motor end-plates of mdx mice demonstrated less continuous morphology, more disperse acetylcholine receptor aggregates and increased number of individual acetylcholine receptor clusters, an effect that was exacerbated following injury. Neuromuscular transmission failure increased and the EMG measures decreased after injury in mdx mice only. The data show that eccentric contraction-induced injury causes morphological and functional changes to the NMJs in mdx skeletal muscle, which may play a role in excitation-contraction coupling failure and progression of the dystrophic process.
An Autopsy Case of Troglitazone-Induced Fulminant Hepatitis (1998)

One report has attributed troglitazone-induced liver damage in less severe cases to idiosyncratic reactions. However, the present case indicates that troglitazone can induce hypersensitivity resulting in fulminant hepatitis. Careful monitoring of serum liver enzymes during troglitazone therapy is therefore essential.
Permutation Clustering: An Approach to On-Line Storage Reorganization (1977)

A class of dynamic reorganization algorithms is described which embodies a number of desirable systems properties. Experiments on a trace taken from a large data base application indicate that a member of this class may be used to obtain time-varying or quasistatic organizations that exhibit improved paging performance.
Mutual induced fit in cyclodextrin–rocuronium complexes (2005)

The binding of rocuronium bromide to 6-perdeoxy-6-per(4-carboxyphenyl)thio-gamma-cyclodextrin sodium salt, displays biphasic behaviour characteristic of the formation of a binary and 2 : 1 ternary guest-host complex in aqueous solution. Thermodynamic and structural data on this sequential complexation process can be rationalised within a single model involving switching of the conformational equilibria of both the rocuronium bromide and cyclodextrin molecules. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), NMR and fluorescence experiments in solution, together with X-ray crystallography and molecular modelling, suggest that in order to induce encapsulation both rocuronium bromide and the modified cyclodextrin undergo conformational changes. Ring A of rocuronium bromide 'switches' from the more sterically encumbered chair to the sterically less demanding twist-boat, whilst the modified cyclodextrin "opens" its cavity to allow the steroid to enter. The recognition and mutual induced fit between cyclodextrin and steroid represents a classic example of dynamic host-guest chemistry.
Spatial patterns of gene expression in the olfactory bulb (2004)

How olfactory sensory neurons converge on spatially invariant glomeruli in the olfactory bulb is largely unknown. In one model, olfactory sensory neurons interact with spatially restricted guidance cues in the bulb that orient and guide them to their target. Identifying differentially expressed molecules in the olfactory bulb has been extremely difficult, however, hindering a molecular analysis of convergence. Here, we describe several such genes that have been identified in a screen that compiled microarray data to create a three-dimensional model of gene expression within the mouse olfactory bulb. The expression patterns of these identified genes form the basis of a nascent spatial map of differential gene expression in the bulb.
Real-time Rendering with Compressed Animated Light Fields (2017)

We propose an end-to-end solution for presenting movie quality animated graphics to the user while still allowing the sense of presence afforded by free viewpoint head motion. By transforming offline rendered movie content into a novel immersive representation, we display the content in real-time according to the tracked head pose. For each frame, we generate a set of cubemap images per frame (colors and depths) using a sparse set of of cameras placed in the vicinity of the potential viewer locations. The cameras are placed with an optimization process so that the rendered data maximise coverage with minimum redundancy, depending on the lighting environment complexity. We compress the colors and depths separately, introducing an integrated spatial and temporal scheme tailored to high performance on GPUs for Virtual Reality applications. We detail a real-time rendering algorithm using multi-view ray casting and view dependent decompression. Compression rates of 150:1 and greater are demonstrated with quantitative analysis of image reconstruction quality and performance.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF ISOFLAVONE OXIME (1976)

Abstract Die Oxime (II) und (VI) wurden auf dem angegebenen Weg hergestellt und zu (III) bzw. (VI) O‐acetyliert.
Paper 4: EUROCAT statistical monitoring: Identification and investigation of ten year trends of congenital anomalies in Europe (2011)

Significant increasing trends were detected for abdominal wall anomalies, gastroschisis, hypospadias, Trisomy 18 and renal dysplasia in the Pan-Europe analysis while 68 increasing trends were identified in individual registries. A decreasing trend was detected in over one-third of anomaly subgroups in the Pan-Europe analysis, and 16.9% of individual registry tests. Registry preliminary investigations indicated that many trends are due to changes in data quality, ascertainment, screening, or diagnostic methods. Some trends are inevitably chance phenomena related to multiple testing, while others seem to represent real and continuing change needing further investigation and response by regional/national public health authorities.
GRB7 dependent proliferation of basal‐like, HER‐2 positive human breast cancer cell lines is mediated in part by HER‐1 signaling (2019)

GRB7 gene encodes a multi-domain signal transduction molecule and is part of the core of the HER-2 amplicon. GRB7 is commonly co-amplified and overexpressed with HER-2 in human breast cancer. This study addresses the role of GRB7 in HER-2 positive human breast cancers resistant to HER-2 targeted therapy. HCC1954, 21MT1, and JIMT1 are basal like HER-2 positive breast cancer cell lines based on expression profiling. These three cell lines are resistant to trastuzumab and lapatinib treatment. Knockdown of GRB7 protein expression with siRNA transfection as well as lentiviral vector mediated shRNA over-expression decreased the growth of HCC1954, 21MT1, and JIMT1 cells in vitro and the growth of tumor xenografts these cells formed in animal models. When assayed by ki-67 staining and TUNEL assay, the mechanism of reduced tumor xenograft growth appeared to be distinct. Reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis were seen in 21MT1 cells, while reduced proliferation was seen in HCC1954 cells and increased apoptosis in JIMT1 cells. Phospho-proteome profiling found HER-1 tyrosine phosphorylation was reduced with GRB7 knock down in JIMT1 cells. Immuno-blotting and immuno-precipitation experiments found HER-1 phosphorylation was reduced with GRB7 knock down in all three cell lines. HER-1 knock down via siRNA transient transfection as well as blocking HER-1 function with panitumumab decreased proliferation of all three cell lines in vitro. Our study finds that GRB7 has an essential growth promoting function which is mediated in part by HER-1 activation. The potential of HER-1 targeting in therapy resistant HER-2 positive breast cancer merits further study.
Fluselenamyl: A Novel Benzoselenazole Derivative for PET Detection of Amyloid Plaques (Aβ) in Alzheimer’s Disease (2016)

Fluselenamyl (5), a novel planar benzoselenazole shows traits desirable of enabling noninvasive imaging of Aβ pathophysiology in vivo; labeling of both diffuse (an earlier manifestation of neuritic plaques) and fibrillar plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain sections, and remarkable specificity for mapping Aβ compared with biomarker proteins of other neurodegenerative diseases. Employing AD homogenates, [<sup>18</sup>F]-9, a PET tracer demonstrates superior (2-10 fold higher) binding affinity than approved FDA tracers, while also indicating binding to high affinity site on Aβ plaques. Pharmacokinetic studies indicate high initial influx of [<sup>18</sup>F]-9 in normal mice brains accompanied by rapid clearance in the absence of targeted plaques. Following incubation in human serum, [<sup>18</sup>F]-9 indicates presence of parental compound up to 3h thus indicating its stability. Furthermore, in vitro autoradiography studies of [<sup>18</sup>F]-9 with AD brain tissue sections and ex vivo autoradiography studies in transgenic mouse brain sections show cortical Aβ binding, and a fair correlation with Aβ immunostaining. Finally, multiphoton- and microPET/CT imaging indicate its ability to penetrate brain and label parenchymal plaques in transgenic mice. Following further validation of its performance in other AD rodent models and nonhuman primates, Fluselenamyl could offer a platform technology for monitoring earliest stages of Aβ pathophysiology in vivo.
Insecticidal activity of the pyrethrins and related compounds. VI. Methyl‐, alkenyl‐, and Benzyl‐furfuryl and −3‐furylmethyl chrysanthemates (1974)

Abstract The influence of the nature, number and relative dispositions of substituents on the furan ring of furfuryl and 3‐furylmethy chrysanthemates on insecticidal activity to two insect species is described. 5‐Benzyl‐3‐furylmethyl chrysanthemate was the most active compound developed in the investigation.
Harmonic Motion Imaging for Focused Ultrasound (HMIFU): Initial in vivo results (2009)

The capability of Harmonic Motion Imaging for Focused Ultrasound (HMIFU) for real-time monitoring of tissue stiffness changes during thermal therapy was previously demonstrated ex vivo. In this paper, initial feasibility of the HMIFU for thermal ablation generation and monitoring is shown in a transgenic mouse model of breast cancer in vivo. The HMIFU system consists of a 4.5-MHz focused ultrasound (FU) transducer and an ultrasound imaging transducer. The ultrasound imaging transducer can be a 3.3-MHz phased-array transducer for monitoring relative tissue stiffness changes during thermal treatment, or a 7.5-MHz single-element pulse echo transducer for tumor detection and post-treatment assessment. An Amplitude-modulated FUS beam was used to generate an oscillatory radiation force at the tumor region. The optimal AM frequency was determined using a linear chirp test frequency range of 10 to 30 Hz. The acoustic intensity (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">spta</sub> ) for ablation and probing were equal to 1050 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 236 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , respectively. The spectrum of the FUS beam and its harmonics from the acquired RF signals were filtered out prior to displacement estimation. 1D cross-correlation (window size = 1 mm and 85% overlap) was performed to estimate the resulting tissue axial displacement. The average peak-to-peak displacement amplitude before and after lesion formation were found to be equal to 27.34?1.34 ?m and 20.98?1.82 ?m, respectively. The result show statistically-significant difference (p-value < 0.001). Cell death in the tumor area was confirmed by gross histopathology. The HMIFU was shown capable of monitoring and localizing thermal ablation of tumors in vivo. In conclusion, The HMIFU can be used as a guidance tool for visualization of the targeted region and monitoring of the relative tissue stiffness changes during thermal treatment so that the treatment procedure can be performed in both a cost- and time-efficient manner.
Interfacial nanodroplets guided construction of hierarchical Au, Au-Pt and Au-Pd particles as excellent catalysts (2014)

Interfacial nanodroplets were grafted to the surfaces of self-sacrificed template particles in a galvanic reaction system to assist the construction of 3D Au porous structures. The interfacial nanodroplets were formed via direct adsorption of surfactant-free emulsions onto the particle surfaces. The interfacial nanodroplets discretely distributed at the template particle surfaces and served as soft templates to guide the formation of porous Au structures. The self-variation of footprint sizes of interfacial nanodroplets during Au growth gave rise to a hierarchical pore size distribution of the obtained Au porous particles. This strategy could be easily extended to synthesize bimetal porous particles such as Au-Pt and Au-Pd. The obtained porous Au, Au-Pt, and Au-Pd particles showed excellent catalytic activity in catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol.
Synthesis and Structure‐Activity Relationship of 4‐Substituted Benzoic Acids and their Inhibitory Effect on the Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Sterols (2005)

The synthesis of 4-[3-(substituted phenyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl]methoxybenzoic acids and their inhibitory effects on the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols is described. IC50 values in vitro were 10(-6) and 10(-5) M, respectively. Though the in vitro inhibitory activity of all these compounds toward sterol biosynthesis was inferior to that of pravastatin, several compounds had a stronger reducing effect in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat on both, cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG), than pravastatin and bezafibrate. The potent compounds were present at high concentrations in rat liver. The enantiomers of the potent racemic compounds (4-[3-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl]methoxybenzoic acid) were prepared and their activity was examined in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, each enantiomer possessed more activity than the racemic compound. Further, in Watanabe hereditable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbit, optically active (R)-4-[3-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl]methoxybenzoic acid also potently reduced the effect of both TC and TG on serum levels, compared with pravastatin and bezafibrate.
Safety (1981)

Oil or gas-fired package boilers are frequently described as 'fully automatic', giving the impression that once started they can be left to operate without supervision. This is possible, but dangerous. It could, in the extreme, cause a boiler explosion. It would certainly make the boiler operate well below its optimum efficiency. No boiler ought to be run without a qualified operator being on the site. He need not be in the boiler room all the time, but he should be where he can hear an alarm and act on it. It would be more accurate to describe package boilers as being automatic only to the extent that they are fitted with controls to maintain combustion efficiency under varying load conditions and to control water level, and that this enables the amount of attendance to be reduced.
Conducting triarylamine supramolecular polymers : from electronics to plasmonics (2015)

In this work, supramolecular chemistry is used to create self-assembled triarylamine polymers displaying novel self-assembly, conduction, and plasmonic properties. Two classes of self-assembled triarylamine polymers are described in detail, including their self-assembly properties, stacking structure, as well as electrochemical behavior. Additionally, the application of these materials towards organic solar cells and molecular spintronics is examined. Finally, the ability of these fibers to be used in plasmonic applications is detailed, wherein the supramolecular assemblies are shown to couple plasmonic nanoparticle resonances, act as plasmonic waveguides, and induce the ordering of plasmonic nanoparticles at a liquid-liquid interface. These emergent properties are intimately linked to the supramolecular interactions thereby demonstrating novel applications of supramolecular polymers.
Observation of Oscillatory Surface Reactions of Riboflavin, Trolox, and Singlet Oxygen Using Single Carbon Nanotube Fluorescence Spectroscopy (2012)

Single-molecule fluorescent microscopy allows semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to detect the adsorption and desorption of single adsorbate molecules as a stochastic modulation of emission intensity. In this study, we identify and assign the signature of the complex decomposition and reaction pathways of riboflavin in the presence of the free radical scavenger Trolox using DNA-wrapped SWCNT sensors dispersed onto an aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) coated surface. SWCNT emission is quenched by riboflavin-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), but increases upon the adsorption of Trolox, which functions as a reductive brightening agent. Riboflavin has two parallel reaction pathways, a Trolox oxidizer and a photosensitizer for singlet oxygen and superoxide generation. The resulting reaction network can be detected in real time in the vicinity of a single SWCNT and can be completely described using elementary reactions and kinetic rate constants measured independently. The reaction mechanism results in an oscillatory fluorescence response from each SWCNT, allowing for the simultaneous detection of multiple reactants. A series-parallel kinetic model is shown to describe the critical points of these oscillations, with partition coefficients on the order of 10(-6)-10(-4) for the reactive oxygen and excited state species. These results highlight the potential for SWCNTs to characterize complex reaction networks at the nanometer scale.
Measurement of fluid turbulence based on pulsed ultrasound techniques. Part 2. Experimental investigation (1982)

An extensive experimental programme in both laminar and turbulent flow was undertaken to examine the validity of all of the major implications of the model of the pulsed ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter for turbulent flow developed in part 1 of this investigation. The turbulence measurements were made in fully developed flow at the centre of a 6·28 cm diameter pipe. The Reynolds number of the flow ranged from 6000 to 40000. The carrier frequency of the ultrasonic velocimeter was 4·7 MHz. Measurements of the turbulence intensity and of the one-dimensional velocity spectra made with the ultrasonic velocimeter are compared with the analysis and with the actual quantities as measured by a hot-film anemometer. The experimental results are in agreement with theoretical predictions. Measurements of one-dimensional turbulence spectra with reduced ambiguity spectra made by the two sample volume methods described in part 1 are presented. The results verify the analysis and indicate that an improvement in the useful dynamic range of the velocity power spectrum of nearly three orders of magnitude can realistically be achieved.