gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Building Grid Portal Applications From a Web Service Component Architecture (2005)

This work describes an approach to building Grid applications based on the premise that users who wish to access and run these applications prefer to do so without becoming experts on Grid technology. We describe an application architecture based on wrapping user applications and application workflows as Web services and Web service resources. These services are visible to the users and to resource providers through a family of Grid portal components that can be used to configure, launch, and monitor complex applications in the scientific language of the end user. The applications in this model are instantiated by an application factory service. The layered design of the architecture makes it possible for an expert to configure an application factory service with a custom user interface client that may be dynamically loaded into the portal.
YSZ Reinforced Ni-P Composite by Electroless Nickel Co-Deposition (2012)

The importance of nickel ceramic composite in engineering applications especially for corrosion (Rabizadeh and Allahkaram 2011), wear (Lekka, Zanella et al. 2010) and thermal (Gengler, Muratore et al. 2010) resistance, and also for fuel cell anode (Pratihar, Sharma et al. 2007) has increasingly significance. Nickel ceramic composite namely Ni-P-YSZ manufactured by electroless nickel (EN) co-deposition process is investigated for its composite ratio, porosity content and electrical conductivity. The composite is the state-ofthe-art as it is the combination of nickel that is very well known for its high thermal, electronic conductivity and corrosion resistance with yttria-stabilised zirconia (YSZ) for its high ionic conductivity, impact and hardness strength. The understanding of this composite formulation and properties will increase its ability as well as expanding its application in multi-engineering disciplines.
A 32 Mb/s fully-integrated read channel for disk-drive applications (2003)

The authors describe a mixed-signal ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) which integrates the entire disk-drive and read channel by combining bipolar and CMOS circuit techniques and taking advantage of the inherent device properties of each. The chip contains approximately 10000 devices fabricated in a 1.5- mu m 5-V-only BiCMOS process and implements the traditional peak detector architecture supporting zoned-bit recording applications. The 800-mW worst-case power dissipation and pin count of 52 are achieved by reducing the off-chip component requirement to that of bypass and coupling capacitors, the loop filter components for the AGC, and the phase-locked loops. Integration of the continuous-time filter eliminates high-accuracy inductors or capacitors for the lowpass filter/equalizer/differentiator networks. On-chip sampling capacitors for the servo peaks maintain matching between servo channels.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An Efficient Synthesis of<i>N</i>-Methyl Amino Acids by Way of Intermediate 5-Oxazolidinones (2003)

N-Methyl amino acids occur in many natural products. Experimental strategies are presented for a unified approach to the synthesis of N-methyl derivatives through 5-oxazolidinones of the 20 common l-amino acids. The amino acids with reactive side chains that required protecting groups or devoted syntheses for side chain construction for N-methylation to proceed included serine, threonine, tyrosine, cysteine, methionine, tryptophan, asparagine, histidine, and arginine. The studies have provided improved methods for the preparation of N-methyl serine, threonine, and tyrosine. All 20 of the common l-amino acids are now available in suitable forms for solid or solution-phase peptide synthesis.
Ultrasonic speckle motion inherent to tissue motion: theory and simulation (2003)

An echographic image-formation model is developed to evaluate the relationship between the ultrasonic speckle motion and the underlying tissue motion. The model is divided into an instrumental part and a dynamic tissular component. Using this model, a simulation study of the correlation between various linear transformations of the tissue and the corresponding ultrasonic speckle motions is performed. It shows simulated speckle motions closely linked to the tissue dynamics when motions of low amplitude are considered. In addition, a theoretical analysis is presented based on a 2-D extension of the envelope crosscorrelation analysis of a narrowband Gaussian noise. This sets the ground for the development of an ultrasonic strain gauge particularly useful for the assessment of biomechanical soft-tissue properties.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A new method for short-term load forecasting integrating fuzzy-rough sets with artificial neural network (2005)

Short term load forecasting (STLF) has an essential role in the operation of electric power systems. In recent years, artificial neural networks (ANN) are more commonly used for load forecasting. However, there still exist some difficulties in choosing the input variables and selecting an appropriate architecture of the networks. This paper presents a novel fuzzy-rough sets based ANN for STLF. The fuzzy-rough sets theory is first employed to perform input selection and determine the initial weights of ANN. In the sequel, an improved k-nearest neighbor (K-NN) method is used for the selection of similar days in history as the training set of ANN. Then ANN module is trained using historical daily load and weather data selected to perform the final forecast. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach, short-term load forecasting was performed on the Hang Zhou Electric Power Company in China, and the testing results show that the proposed model is feasible and promising for load forecasting
Differential gene expression in a coculture model of angiogenesis reveals modulation of select pathways and a role for Notch signaling (2008)

Communication between endothelial and mural cells (smooth muscle cells, pericytes, and fibroblasts) can dictate blood vessel size and shape during angiogenesis, and control the functional aspects of mature blood vessels, by determining things such as contractile properties. The ability of these different cell types to regulate each other's activities led us to ask how their interactions directly modulate gene expression. To address this, we utilized a three-dimensional model of angiogenesis and screened for genes whose expression was altered under coculture conditions. Using a BeadChip array, we identified 323 genes that were uniquely regulated when endothelial cells and mural cells (fibroblasts) were cultured together. Data mining tools revealed that differential expression of genes from the integrin, blood coagulation, and angiogenesis pathways were overrepresented in coculture conditions. Scans of the promoters of these differentially modulated genes identified a multitude of conserved C promoter binding factor (CBF)1/CSL elements, implicating Notch signaling in their regulation. Accordingly, inhibition of the Notch pathway with gamma-secretase inhibitor DAPT or NOTCH3-specific small interfering RNA blocked the coculture-induced regulation of several of these genes in fibroblasts. These data show that coculturing of endothelial cells and fibroblasts causes profound changes in gene expression and suggest that Notch signaling is a critical mediator of the resultant transcription.
Risk factors, preemptive therapy, and antiperistaltic agents for <i><scp>C</scp>lostridium difficile</i> infection in cancer patients (2013)

CDI was not uncommon in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. IgA myeloma appears to be protective. Concurrent antiperistaltic (loperamide) and preemptive CDI therapies were associated with excellent outcomes. Prior CDI history increased the risk for recurrence during successive chemotherapy courses.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants altered in vacuole function are defective in copper detoxification and iron‐responsive gene transcription (1997)

The metal ions, Cu2+/+ and Fe3+/2+, are essential co-factors for a wide variety of enzymatic reactions. However, both metal ions are toxic when hyper-accumulated or maldistributed within cells due to their ability to generate damaging free radicals or through the displacement of other physiological metal ions from metalloproteins. Although copper transport into yeast cells is apparently independent of iron, the known dependence on Cu2+ for high affinity transport of Fe2+ into yeast cells has established a physiological link between these two trace metal ions. In this study we demonstrate that proteins encoded by genes previously demonstrated to play critical roles in vacuole assembly or acidification, PEP3, PEP5 and VMA3, are also required for normal copper and iron metal ion homeostasis. Yeast cells lacking a functional PEP3 or PEP5 gene are hypersensitive to copper and render the normally iron-repressible FET3 gene, encoding a multi-copper Fe(II) oxidase involved in Fe2+ transport, also repressible by exogenous copper ions. The inability of these same vacuolar mutant strains to repress FET3 mRNA levels in the presence of an iron-unresponsive allele of the AFT1 regulatory gene are consistent with alterations in the intracellular distribution or redox states of Fe3+/2+ in the presence of elevated extracellular concentrations of copper ions. Therefore, the yeast vacuole is an important organelle for maintaining the homeostatic convergence of the essential yet toxic copper and iron ions. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inter-vertebral disk modelling from pairs of segmented vertebral models using trainable pre-processing networks (2018)

We introduce a combined approach for modelling intervertebral disks based on pairs of neighbouring vertebral models segmented from T2-weighted MRI. Our approach incorporates a trainable pre-processing pipeline using FC-ResNets which demonstrates that a low-capacity fully convolutional network (FCN) can be used as a pre-processor to normalize the input MRI data. In the proposed segmentation pipeline, we use FCNs to obtain normalized images, which are then iteratively refined by means of a FC-ResNet to generate a segmentation prediction of the vertebral bodies and pedicles. Based on neighbouring endplates, intervertebral disks are modelled for disk replacement procedures. Clinical experiments on a dataset totalling 43 patients demonstrates promising results in terms of vertebra segmentation and disk extraction. Quantitative comparison to expert MR segmentation yields a surface accuracy of 1.1 ± 0.8mm, while a comparison to CT annotations yielded an accuracy of 2.2 ± 1.4mm. The results illustrate the strong potential and versatility of the pipeline by achieving accurate segmentations which can be used for surgical procedures.
Magnetic Swimming Mechanism in a Viscous Liquid (2006)

A new type of micro swimming mechanism is examined for the development of medical microrobots working in human blood vessels. The magnetic micro swimming mechanism without the wire for supplying the energy is driven by the alternating magnetic field. The magnetic swimming mechanism is examined in a transparent polyvinylchloride pipe filled with a viscous liquid. The test fluid used in the experiment is glycerin. The Helmholtz coil and a bipolar power supply are used to apply the alternating magnetic field in the experiment. Locomotive characteristics of the swimming mechanism in a viscous liquid are analyzed by a high-speed video camera system. The dynamic behavior of a micro swimming robot in a viscous liquid is revealed.
Endogenous Digitalis-like Factor or Factors (1987)

The roles of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone and antidiuretic (vasopressin) systems in regulating extracellular fluid volume and arterial pressure have been recognized for many years. More recently, atrial natriuretic factor was discovered and shown to be released in several volume-expanded and hypertensive states. This factor may help to remove excess fluid and dilate blood vessels, thereby acting as an antihypertensive hormone. Still another agent may participate in regulating blood volume and pressure. This agent, which may promote hypertension, is the putative endogenous digitalis-like factor.The high concentration of potassium and the low concentration of sodium in the intracellular fluid relative to the . . .
Inferring conceptual relationships to improve medical records search (2013)

Medical records search is challenging because of the inherent implicit knowledge within medical records and queries. Such knowledge is known to the medical practitioners but may be hidden from a search system. For example, when searching for the medical records of patients with a heart disease, medical practitioners commonly know that the medical records of patients taking the amiodarone medicine are relevant, since this drug is used to combat a heart disease. In this paper, we argue that leveraging such implicit knowledge improves the retrieval effectiveness, since it provides new evidence to infer the relevance of medical records towards a query. Specifically, using a novel concept-based representation for both medical records and queries, we expand the queries by inferring additional conceptual relationships from domain-specific resources as well as by extracting informative concepts from the top-ranked medical records. We evaluate the retrieval effectiveness of our proposed approach in the context of the TREC 2011 and 2012 Medical Records track. Our results show the effectiveness of our approach to model the implicit knowledge in medical records search, whereby the infAP retrieval performance is significantly improved up to 14.43% over an effective concept-based representation baseline. Moreover, our proposed approach could achieve retrieval effectiveness comparable to the performance of the best TREC 2011 and 2012 systems.
Improving Energy Efficiency of Femtocell Base Stations Via User Activity Detection (2010)

Femtocells, which operate in licensed spectrum and provide improved cellular coverage inside homes and offices, have attracted significant interest in the wireless industry. As a result, an extensive deployment of femtocells is expected in the near future. One prime concern with a large-scale femtocell deployment is the resultant substantial energy consumption. In this paper, we address this issue by proposing a novel energy saving procedure which allows the femtocell base station (BS) to completely switch off its radio transmissions and associated processing when not involved in an active call. The results indicate that based on a certain voice traffic model, the proposed procedure introduces an average reduction of approximately 37.5% in the femtocell's power consumption. Moreover, for a high femtocell traffic scenario, a fivefold reduction in the occurrence of mobility events can also be achieved, compared to a fixed pilot transmit power strategy.
The three heavy-chain precursors for the inter-<i>α</i>-inhibitor family in mouse: new members of the multicopper oxidase protein group with differential transcription in liver and brain (1995)

The inter-alpha-inhibitor (I alpha I) family is comprised of the plasma protease inhibitors I alpha I, inter-alpha-like inhibitor (I alpha LI), pre-alpha-inhibitor (P alpha I) and bikunin. I alpha I, I alpha LI and P alpha I are distinct assemblies of bikunin with one of three heavy (H) chains designated H1, H2 and H3. These H chains and bikunin are respectively encoded by a set of three H genes and an alpha 1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor (AMBP) gene. All four gene products undergo maturation steps from precursor polypeptides. The full-length cDNAs for the H1-, H2- and H3-chain precursors were cloned from a mouse liver cDNA library and sequenced. Extensive searches of amino acid sequence similarities to other proteins in databanks revealed (i) a highly significant similarity of the C-terminal sequence in the three H-chain precursors to the multicopper-binding domain in the group of multicopper oxidase proteins and (ii) the presence of von Willebrand type-A domains in the mature H chains. Amino acid sequence comparisons between the three mouse H1-, H2- and H3-chain precursors and their human counterparts allowed us to appraise the timing and order of occurrence of the three H-chain genes from a shared ancestor during mammalian evolution. Owing to a multiple alignment of the six mouse and human nucleotide sequences for these H-chain precursors, a reverse transcriptase PCR assay with degenerate oligonucleotides was designed, allowing us to (i) present evidence that no mRNAs for further H genes exist in mouse liver and (ii) demonstrate a previously undescribed transcription of the H2- and H3-chain mRNAs in mouse brain, which contrasts with the expression of all four, H1, H2, H3 and AMBP, mRNAs in liver.
Retinoid receptor expression and its correlation to retinoid sensitivity in non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia blast cells. (2001)

All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) has significantly improved the treatment results in acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3). In non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the effects are less clear, and there is a pronounced heterogeneity in the sensitivity to the growth-inhibitory effects of retinoids in leukemic cells from different non-M3 AML patients. Retinoids exert their effects through a number of nuclear receptors [retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs)]. In this study, we determined the expression of RAR alpha, RAR beta, RAR gamma, and RXR alpha by real-time PCR in four cell lines and in blast cells from patients with non-M3 AML before and after ATRA incubation. All four receptors were expressed in cells from all 18 tested patient samples and in four myeloid cell lines. In the majority of the patient samples as well as in the cell lines, there was a pattern of high expression of RAR alpha and RXR alpha and low expression of RAR beta and RAR gamma. There was no correlation between the basal expression of any of the retinoid receptors and sensitivity to ATRA. A 24-h exposure to ATRA increased the expression of RAR alpha, RAR beta, RAR gamma, and RXR alpha in 46%, 77%, 30%, and 38% of the samples, respectively. The mean increase in receptor expression was most pronounced for RAR beta and RXR alpha. There was a significant correlation between an increase in RAR beta expression in response to ATRA and sensitivity to ATRA (P < 0.014). No such correlations were found for RAR alpha, RAR gamma, and RXR alpha. The expression of the monocytoid marker CD14 was significantly correlated with increased expression of RAR alpha (P = 0.03). We conclude that RAR alpha, RAR beta, RAR gamma, and RXR alpha are expressed in non-M3 AML blast cells and that ATRA-induced expression of RAR beta may be a marker for retinoid sensitivity.
RFMap: Generating Indoor Maps using RF Signals (2020)

Generating maps of indoor environments beyond the line of sight finds applications in several areas such as planning, navigation, and security. While researchers have previously explored the use of RF signals to generate maps, prior work has two important limitations: (i) it requires moving the mapping setup along the entire lengths of the sides of the building, and (ii) it generates maps that are not fully connected, rather are scatter plots of locations from where some obstacles reflected the signals. Thus, prior approaches require human interpretation to locate the walls and determine how they merge. In this paper, we address these limitations and propose RFMap, which generates fully connected maps, and does not require the measurement setup to be moved along the sides of the buildings. To generate the map, RFMap first transmits RF signals in many different directions by rotating the antennas while keeping them at the same location and then measures the distances of different reflectors inside the building. Next, it identifies these reflectors and classifies them into various types based on the properties of the reflections. A key challenge is that RFMap does not receive reflections from all the directions due to the specular nature of the reflectors. Due to this, it only gets sparse data about the objects in the environment. To address this challenge, RFMap trains deep generative adversarial network (GAN) to intelligently predict the missing information. At runtime, it feeds the locations and types of the detected reflectors to the trained GAN and generates the complete and accurate map. We implemented RFMap using software defined radios and extensively evaluated it in several real world environments. Our results show that RFMap generated the maps of all the buildings that we tested it on with high accuracy.
State-of-the-Art Imaging of Acute Stroke (2006)

Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the developed world. The goals of an imaging evaluation for acute stroke are to establish a diagnosis as early as possible and to obtain accurate information about the intracranial vasculature and brain perfusion for guidance in selecting the appropriate therapy. A comprehensive evaluation may be performed with a combination of computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques. Unenhanced CT can be performed quickly, can help identify early signs of stroke, and can help rule out hemorrhage. CT angiography and CT perfusion imaging, respectively, can depict intravascular thrombi and salvageable tissue indicated by a penumbra. These examinations are easy to perform on most helical CT scanners and are increasingly used in stroke imaging protocols to decide whether intervention is necessary. While acute infarcts may be seen early on conventional MR images, diffusion-weighted MR imaging is more sensitive for detection of hyperacute ischemia. Gradient-echo MR sequences can be helpful for detecting a hemorrhage. The status of neck and intracranial vessels can be evaluated with MR angiography, and a mismatch between findings on diffusion and perfusion MR images may be used to predict the presence of a penumbra. The information obtained by combining various imaging techniques may help differentiate patients who do not need intravenous or intraarterial therapy from those who do, and may alter clinical outcomes.
Biphasic regulation of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> on angiogenesis implicated NADPH oxidase (2010)

ROS (reactive oxygen species) take an important signalling role in angiogenesis. Although there are several ways to produce ROS in cells, multicomponent non-phagocytic NADPH oxidase is an important source of ROS that contribute to angiogenesis. In the present work, we examined the effects of H2O2 on angiogenesis including proliferation and migration in HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells), new vessel formation in chicken embryo CAM (chorioallantoic membrane) and endothelial cell apoptosis, which is closely related to anti-angiogenesis. Our results showed that H2O2 dose-dependently increased the generation of O2- (superoxide anion) in HUVECs, which was suppressed by DPI (diphenylene iodonium) and APO (apocynin), two inhibitors of NADPH oxidase. H2O2 at low concentrations (10 microM) stimulated cell proliferation and migration, but at higher concentrations, inhibited both. Similarly, H2O2 at 4 nmol/cm2 strongly induced new vessel formation in CAM, while it suppressed at high concentrations (higher than 4 nmol/cm2). Also, H2O2 (200 approximately 500 microM) could stimulate apoptosis in HUVECs. All the effects of H2O2 on angiogenesis could be suppressed by NADPH oxidase inhibitors, which suggests that NADPH oxidase acts downstream of H2O2 to produce O2- and then to regulate angiogenesis. In summary, our results suggest that H2O2 as well as O2- mediated by NADPH oxidase have biphasic effects on angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo.