gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Traduction Non Supervisée de Langages de Programmation (2022)

A transcompiler, also known as source-to-source translator, is a system that converts source code from a high-level programming language (such as C++ or Python) to another. Transcompilers are primarily used for interoperability, and to port codebases written in an obsolete or deprecated language (e.g. COBOL, Python2) to a modern one. They typically rely on handcrafted rewrite rules, applied to the source code abstract syntax tree. Unfortunately, the resulting translations often lack readability, fail to respect the target language conventions, and require manual modifications in order to work properly. The overall translation process is time-consuming and requires expertise in both the source and target languages, making code-translation projects expensive. Although neural models significantly outperform their rule-based counterparts in the context of natural language translation, their applications to transcompilation have been limited due to the scarcity of parallel data in this domain. In this thesis, we propose methods to train effective and fully unsupervised neural transcompilers.Natural language translators are evaluated with metrics based on token co-occurences between the translation and the reference. We identify that they do not capture the semantics of programming languages. Hence, we build and release a test set composed of 852 parallel functions, along with unit tests to check the semantic correctness of translations. We first leverage objectives designed for natural languages to learn multilingual representations of source code, and train a model to translate, using source code from open source GitHub projects. This model outperforms rule-based methods for translating functions between C++, Java, and Python. Then, we develop an improved pre-training method, which leads the model to learn deeper semantic representations of source code. It results in enhanced performances on several tasks including unsupervised code translation. Finally, we use automated unit tests to automatically create examples of program translations. Training on these examples leads to significant improvements in the performance of our neural transcompilers. Our methods rely exclusively on monolingual source code, require no expertise in the source or target languages, and can easily be generalized to other programming languages.
Microwave Applicators for Localized Hyperthermia Treatment of Malignant Tumors (1980)

Three types of microwave applicators have been developed for treating malignant tumors in humans: waveguide applicators, conformal "bean-bag" applicators using printed circuit antennas, and coaxial applicators. These applicators operate at a frequency of 915 or 2450 MHz and can raise the temperature of tumors to the hyperthermic range of 42.5 to 43.5/spl degree/C. Encouraging results have been obtained with these applicators in initial clinical trials involving approximately 50 patients.
Modified compressive sensing optical coherence tomography with noise reduction (2012)

We study noise reduction using modified compressive sensing optical coherence tomography. We show that averaged modified compressed sensing (CS) reconstruction achieves better image quality in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, local contrast, and contrast-to-noise ratio, compared to the classical averaging method while reducing the total amount of data required to reconstruct the images. The same is also true when compared with standard CS-based averaging method with the same amount of undersampled data.
Three Dimensional Geologic Modelling of a Fractured Reservoir, Saudi Arabia (1995)

ABSTRACT A geological assessment of a large carbonate reservoir in Saudi Arabia shows that it is a Type 2 fractured reservoir in which fractures provide the essential permeability. Intercrystalline microporosity, found within the basinally deposited mudstones and wackestones, is the dominant porosity type. Near-vertical, east-west-oriented extension fractures are preferentially localized in low-to-moderate porosities associated with stylolites. Porosity/fracture density relationships, combined with the results of structural curvature mapping, yielded a 3-dimensional model of fracture density. Fracture permeability and fracture porosity distributions were generated by integrating fracture density modelling results with average fracture aperture information derived from well test data. Dramatic differences exist between matrix- and fracture-related porosity, permeability models that help explain observed production behavior within the field. These models are being used by reservoir and simulation engineers for daily reservoir management, history matching, and long-term development drilling planning.
Interferon-alpha and survival in metastatic renal carcinoma: early results of a randomised controlled trial. Medical Research Council Renal Cancer Collaborators. (1999)

The benefit of treatment with interferon-alpha should be weighed against the drug's toxic effects. Combination regimens of biological therapy and chemotherapy should now be compared with interferon-alpha monotherapy in randomised controlled trials.
Emerging paramyxoviruses: molecular mechanisms and antiviral strategies (2011)

In recent years, several paramyxoviruses have emerged to infect humans, including previously unidentified zoonoses. Hendra and Nipah viruses (henipaviruses within this family) were first identified in the 1990s in Australia, Malaysia and Singapore, causing epidemics with high mortality and morbidity rates in affected animals and humans. Other paramyxoviruses, such as Menangle virus, Tioman virus, human metapneumovirus and avian paramyxovirus 1, which cause less morbidity in humans, have also been recently identified. Although the Paramyxoviridae family of viruses has been previously recognised as biomedically and veterinarily important, the recent emergence of these paramyxoviruses has focused our attention on this family. Antiviral drugs can be designed to target specific important determinants of the viral life cycle. Therefore, identifying and understanding the mechanistic underpinnings of viral entry, replication, assembly and budding will be critical in the development of antiviral therapeutic agents. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms discovered and the antiviral strategies pursued in recent years for emerging paramyxoviruses, with particular emphasis on viral entry and exit mechanisms.
A TEM Study of Bubbles Growth with Temperature in Xenon and Krypton Implanted Uranium Dioxide (2012)

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterizations were carried out on a set of UO 2 thin foils previously implanted at room temperature with 400 keV Xe 2+ and 250 keV Kr 2+ ions at the fluence 7.10 15 at.cm -2 (equivalent to 1 at.%/at. UO 2 ). The experiment was devoted to the study of the evolution of the fission gases bubbles populations with increasing temperature. Annealings were performed in the laboratory furnace at 600°C, 800°C, 1000°C for 12h, 1400°C for 4h and 1500°C for 2h under Ar-5%H 2 atmosphere. For each annealing condition and for as-implanted specimens the bubble population has been characterized in size and number density. A comparison between Xe and Kr has been done that showed a similar behaviour. Globally, from the as-implanted sample to the 1500°C annealed, the bubbles growth phenomenon and the microstructure evolution with temperature was put in relieve.
Teaching Erlang using robotics and player/stage (2009)

Computer science is often associated with dull code debugging instead of solving interesting problems. This fact causes a decrease in the number of computer science students which can be stopped by giving lectures on an interesting context like robotics. In this paper we introduce an easily deployable and extensible library which allows programming a popular robot simulator in Erlang. New possibilities for visual, simple and attractive teaching of functional languages are open.
THE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION, A SENSITIVE AND RAPID TECHNIQUE FOR DETECTING CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION AFTER RENAL TRANSPLANTATION (1992)

Fifty-nine renal transplant recipients were followed during the first 3 months after transplantation. Once weekly, cultures of urine and buffy coat for CMV were taken. Furthermore, peripheral blood leukocytes were examined by an immunocytochemical assay for immediate early antigens of CMV (IEA assay) and by a polymeric chain reaction for CMV DNA. Forty-four patients had a CMV infection; 23 of them were symptomatic. PCR was positive in 22 of the 23 patients with symptomatic CMV disease. For cultures of urine, buffy coat, and the IEA assay these figures were 23, 20, and 21, respectively. The PCR was the first test to become positive in 10 patients. For the cultures of urine and buffy coat and the IEA assay these figures were 0, 2, and 2, respectively. In the other 9 patients, 2 or more tests became positive at the same time. In the patient group with a CMV infection but without symptoms the PCR also had a good correlation with the other diagnostic techniques. These results together with its short processing time of 6 hr make the PCR a sensitive and rapid technique for monitoring CMV infections after renal transplantation.
Gas Well Deliquification Using Microwave Heating (2010)

Abstract One of the challenging problems of gas production is the liquid loading of a gas well. It is the inability of the produced gas to remove the produced liquids from the well bore. This phenomenon has a significantly negative impact on gas well production rate and reservoir pressure due to build up of liquids in the well bore. The accumulated liquid may be in the form of formation water, condensed water or hydrocarbons condensate which acts as a hindrance to the formation gas getting produced. The ultimate recovery of gas is dependent on the economic removal of accumulated liquids, to allow the gas to get produced. This paper discusses a new idea of using dielectric heating using microwaves to heat and vaporize the water and hydrocarbons in the wellbore, if present. As a result of this heating, the fluid density decreases and the gas and vapours flow naturally to the surface. The frequency of microwaves in general is 2450 MHz; depending on the need, the frequency can be varied. Experiments were carried out on the use of this technology and the results are encouraging. This paper discusses this new technique, results obtained from conducted experiments, and provides advantages to the current methods.
Resolution of recombination intermediates by a mammalian activity functionally analogous to Escherichia coli RuvC resolvase. (1994)

A mammalian endonuclease that resolves Holliday junctions has been partially purified from extracts of calf thymus and Chinese hamster ovary cells. The activity acts upon (i) synthetic Holliday junctions and (ii) recombination intermediates made by the Escherichia coli RecA protein and appears to be functionally analogous to the E. coli RuvC protein. Cleavage occurs by the introduction of symmetrically related nicks in strands of like polarity to produce nicked duplex DNA products. The nicks can be repaired by DNA ligase. The resolvase is specific for Holliday junctions and does not act upon Y junctions, G/A mismatches, or heterologous loops. The substrate specificity is therefore similar to that of E. coli RuvC protein and contrasts with the broad range specificity of other junction resolvases such as T4 endonuclease VII. The mammalian resolvase activity has been observed at normal levels in extracts prepared from a series of DNA repair-defective cells. These include the x-ray or UV-sensitive hamster lines xrs-5, xrs-6, and Chinese hamster ovary 43-3B (defective in ERCC-1), and murine cells that are severely immunodeficient and defective in both V(D)J rejoining and DNA repair.
Multiple-pass laser beam deflection probe for detection of acoustic and weak shock waves in fluids (1995)

We examine a novel laser beam deflection arrangement for detection of acoustic and weak shock waves in fluids. Novelty of the arrangement is folding of the probe beam by two parallel plane mirrors in such a way that the probe beam passes the wave propagation region several times before it reaches the deflection-detecting photodetector. In this way the probed wave interacts with several segments of the probing beam in sequence. A single oscilloscope trace of the photodetector output thus gives us the possibility to study the evolution of the probed wave at several distances from the source. To demonstrate the potentials of the arrangement we present wave forms of spherical blast waves detected in air during laser ablation of solid samples. We also discuss a simple theoretical model that qualitatively explains the most characteristic features of this arrangement.
Inhibition of Warfarin Activity by Ribavirin (2002)

During 4 weeks after starting or discontinuing treatment with ribavirin, prothrombin time may be affected in patients receiving warfarin for anticoagulation. It seems prudent to monitor warfarin therapy more frequently during those periods.
STUDY OF THE KINETICS AND MECHANISMS OF THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF MOROCCAN TARFAYA OIL SHALE AND ITS KEROGEN; pp. 426–443 (2008)

In this research, thermal characteristics and kinetic parameters of Tarfaya oil shale and its kerogen samples were determined by thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) under non-isothermal heating conditions. The pyrolysis experiÂ­ments were performed increasing the temperature up to 1273 K at heating rates of 2, 10, 20 and 50 K/min in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen. The mass loss curve showed that pyrolysis of kerogen took place mainly in the range of 433â873 K. At higher temperatures there was a significant mass loss due to decomposition of mineral matter. It has been found that for oil shale and its kerogen analysed using the TG/DTG, the increase in the heating rate shifts the maximum rate loss to a higher temperature. Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose, Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and CoatsâRedfern methods were used to determine the apparent activation energies of materials' degradation. The analyses of the process mechanism by the methods of Criado et al. and Coats-Redfern showed that the most probable model for the pyrolysis process of organic matter of oil shale agrees with the diffusion model (D4 mechanism), and the thermal degradation process of isolated kerogen corÂ­responds to a mechanism involving a simple n-order model (F1 mechanism). The apparent activation energies for the organic matter of oil shale and isolated kerogen were 80â87 and 69â76 kJ/mol, respectively. A single kinetic expression is valid over the temperature range of kerogen pyrolysis between 433 and 873 K. In addition, the results indicate that the removal of mineral matter affected the kinetics and mechanism established for kerogen in oil shale.
Improving Visualization of Large Hierarchical Clustering (2012)

The classical representation of a binary tree generated by a hierarchical clustering is a node-link-based visualization denoted as a dendrogram. It allows users to explore in a simple way the clusters and the relationships between instances. However, exploration of large dendrograms is known to be difficult due to the graphical and cognitive information overload involved. Here, we discuss the current approaches and we introduce Stacked Trees, a new Focus+Context visualization technique that allows the exploration of the hierarchical clustering of up to fifty thousands nodes on a standard-sized screen.
Scaling Internet services by dynamic allocation of connections (2003)

Network Dispatcher (ND) is a software tool that "routes" TCP connections to multiple TCP servers that share their workload. It exports a set of virtual IP addresses that are concealed and shared by the servers. It implements a novel dynamic load-sharing algorithm for allocation of TCP connections among servers according to their real-time load and responsiveness. ND forwards packets to the servers without performing any TCP/IP header translations, consequently outgoing server-to-client packets are not handled, and can follow a separate network route to the clients. Its allocation method was proven to be efficient in live tests, supporting Internet sites that served millions of TCP connections per hour. This paper describes the load management features of ND.
Regulation of human RPS14 transcription by intronic antisense RNAs and ribosomal protein S14. (1995)

RNase protection studies reveal two stable RNAs (250 and 280 nucleotides) transcribed from the antisense strand of the human ribosomal protein gene RPS14's first intron. These transcripts, designated alpha-250 and alpha-280, map to overlapping segments of the intron's 5' sequence. Neither RNA encodes a polypeptide sequence, and both are expressed in all human cells and tissues examined. Although alpha-280 is detected among both the cells' nuclear and cytoplasmic RNAs, the great majority of alpha-250 is found in the cytoplasmic subcellular compartment. As judged by its resistance to high concentrations of alpha-amanitin, cell-free transcription of alpha-250 and alpha-280 appears to involve RNA polymerase I. Tissue culture transfection and cell-free transcription experiments demonstrate that alpha-250 and alpha-280 stimulate S14 mRNA transcription, whereas free ribosomal protein S14 inhibits it. Electrophoretic mobility shift experiments indicate specific binary molecular interactions between r-protein S14, its message and the antisense RNAs. In light of these data, we propose a model for fine regulation of human RPS14 transcription that involves RPS14 intron 1 antisense RNAs as positive effectors and S14 protein as a negative effector.
A comparison between multi-level modulation formats: 21.4-Gbit/s RZ-DQPSK and POLMUX-RZ-DPSK (2006)

We experimentally compare the nonlinear tolerance of DWDM 21.4-Gbit/s RZ-DQPSK and 21.4-Gbit/s POLMUX-RZ-DPSK modulation over an 800-km SSMF straight-line. We show that the small depolarization penalty of POLMUX-RZ-DPSK makes it a possible alternative to RZ-DQPSK modulation for next-generation transmission.
<title>X-ray inspection utilizing knowledge-based feature isolation with a neural network classifier</title> (1991)

This paper describes a generalized flaw detection scheme for a molded and machined turbine blade. The data used are radiograph images. Based on knowledge of the molding and machining process, selective features may be isolated and classified for each possible flaw candidate. The proposed classification system requires the incorporation of many smaller pattern recognition systems. Several of these pattern recognition subsystems have been developed and implemented. Described is the implementation of one such subsystem whose characteristics are best realize utilizing a back propagation neural network. The results of the network are compared with other classification schemes (K nearest neighbor and Bayes classifier).
Electron cryotomography reveals ultrastructure alterations in platelets from patients with ovarian cancer (2015)

Thrombocytosis and platelet hyperreactivity are known to be associated with malignancy; however, there have been no ultrastructure studies of platelets from patients with ovarian cancer. Here, we used electron cryotomography (cryo-ET) to examine frozen-hydrated platelets from patients with invasive ovarian cancer (n = 12) and control subjects either with benign adnexal mass (n = 5) or free from disease (n = 6). Qualitative inspections of the tomograms indicate significant morphological differences between the cancer and control platelets, including disruption of the microtubule marginal band. Quantitative analysis of subcellular features in 120 platelet electron tomograms from these two groups showed statistically significant differences in mitochondria, as well as microtubules. These structural variations in the platelets from the patients with cancer may be correlated with the altered platelet functions associated with malignancy. Cryo-ET of platelets shows potential as a noninvasive biomarker technology for ovarian cancer and other platelet-related diseases.
Instant Texture Synthesis by Numbers (2010)

Appearance Space Texture Synthesis (ASTS) provides fast texture synthesis by example. Unfortunately, speed is only achieved at the cost of a long pre-processing step. This is tedious for artists and limits the input resolution. In addition, the aggressively pruned search space results in strong artifacts when synthesizing multiple textures under user guidance (Texture-By-Numbers, TBN). In this paper, we replace the k-coherence search step used by most modern synthesis algorithms with a new parallel, coherent random walk. We show that this drastically improves the synthesis quality with TBN, while maintaining the parallel nature, speed, and flexibility of the original ASTS runtime. Since it removes the expensive pre-computation of k-coherent candidates, we are able to use larger inputs, and start synthesis much faster. This is essential for artists designing high-quality exemplars.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome- and Miller Fisher Syndrome-Associated <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> Lipopolysaccharides Induce Anti-GM <sub>1</sub> and Anti-GQ <sub>1b</sub> Antibodies in Rabbits (2001)

Campylobacter jejuni infections are thought to induce antiganglioside antibodies in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) by molecular mimicry between C. jejuni lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and gangliosides. We used purified LPS fractions from five Campylobacter strains to induce antiganglioside responses in rabbits. The animals that received injections with LPS from GBS-associated strains developed anti-GM1 and anti-GA1 antibodies. Animals injected with LPS from one MFS-related C. jejuni strain produced anti-GQ1b antibodies. Rabbits that were injected with Penner O:3 LPS had a strong anti-LPS response, but no antiganglioside reactivity was observed. The antiganglioside specificity in the rabbits reflected the specificity in the patients from whom the strains were isolated. In conclusion, our results indicate that an immune response against GBS- and MFS-associated C. jejuni LPS results in antiganglioside antibodies. These results provide strong support for molecular mimicry as a mechanism in the induction of antiganglioside antibodies following infections.
Distributed multiplexers for an ROV control and data system (2002)

Remotely operated vehicle (ROV) control and data systems require that many specialized input/output (I/O) functions be reliably performed in the hostile ocean environment. MBARI's new scientific ROV Tiburon uses a system of I/O multiplexers that are distributed around the vehicle, and connected to the main vehicle computer by high-speed serial links. The multiplexers perform fairly typical ROV I/O functions, but their hardware, software, and packaging has been specifically optimized for the ROV mission. This paper describes the design and application of these multiplexers, dubbed "Data concentrators", aboard MBARI's new vehicle.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Properties of diamonds with varying isotopic composition (1991)

The preparation of extremely high quality type IIa diamonds of varying isotropic composition is described. The quality of the diamond is measured by x-ray tomography and x-ray line widths. Changes in thermal conductivity, modulus, and optical properties as a function of isotropic composition are described.