gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The protein-tyrosine kinase substrate, calpactin I heavy chain (p36), is part of the primer recognition protein complex that interacts with DNA polymerase alpha. (1991)

Primer recognition proteins (PRP) stimulate the activity of DNA polymerase alpha on DNA substrates with long single-stranded template containing few primers. Purified PRP from HeLa cells and human placenta are composed of two subunits of 36,000 (PRP 1) and 41,000 (PRP 2) daltons. By amino acid sequence homology, we have identified PRP 2 as the glycolytic enzyme 3-phosphoglycerate kinase. Here we present data that establishes PRP 1 to be the protein-tyrosine kinase substrate, calpactin I heavy chain. Amino acid sequence analysis of six tryptic peptides of PRP 1 followed by homology search in a protein sequence data base revealed 100% identity of all six peptides with the deduced amino acid sequence of human calpactin I heavy chain. The activities of PRP and calpactin I coelute on gel filtration columns, and a high correlation of PRP and calpactin I activities was seen at different stages of purification. A rabbit polyclonal anti-chicken calpactin I antibody was shown to cross-react with PRP 1 polypeptide at various stages of PRP purification, and the homogeneous preparation of PRP exhibits 3-phosphoglycerate kinase (PRP 2) and calpactin I (PRP 1) activities. PRP activity is neutralized by a mouse monoclonal anti-calpactin II antibody although having no effect on the polymerase alpha activity itself. Calpactin II has a 50% amino acid sequence homology with calpactin I. However, PRP 1 is not calpactin II as shown by lack of cross-reaction to a monoclonal anti-calpactin II antibody on Western blots. Calpactin I and 3-phosphoglycerate kinase, purified independently, cannot be efficiently reconstituted into the PRP complex, indicating that their association in the PRP complex involves specific protein-protein interactions that remain to be elucidated. The biochemical and immunological data presented here revealing the identity of PRP 1 as calpactin I provide evidence for one physiological role of calpactin I in the cell.
Antibody to Polyribophosphate of Haemophilus influenzae Type b in Infants and Children: Effect of Immunization with Polyribophosphate (1977)

Antibody to polyribophosphate, the capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae type b, was measured in healthy ambulatory children by a radioactive antigen-binding assay. Titers fell from birth through nine months of age, then increased until six years, when they plateaued. Antibody activity was not correlated with the child's sex, ethnic status, or area of residence. Doses of 0.2-50 microgram of polyribophosphate given as single or booster doses had similar effects on antibody activity. Of 368 doses given to infants two to six months of age, 7% produced a significant antibody response; of 95 doses given to infants seven to 12 months old, 17% produced a response. The geometric mean titers of antibody resulting from immunization with polyribophosphate given at various times in relation to diphtheria-pertussistetanus vaccine did not differ significantly from one another or from titers observed in infants given only the latter vaccine. These data indicate that purified polyribophosphate will not provoke humoral immunity in young infants against H. influenzae type b and that it should no longer be considered as a candidate vaccine for this purpose.
Ciliary Beating Recovery in Deficient Human Airway Epithelial Cells after Lentivirus Ex Vivo Gene Therapy (2009)

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia is a heterogeneous genetic disease that is characterized by cilia dysfunction of the epithelial cells lining the respiratory tracts, resulting in recurrent respiratory tract infections. Despite lifelong physiological therapy and antibiotics, the lungs of affected patients are progressively destroyed, leading to respiratory insufficiency. Recessive mutations in Dynein Axonemal Intermediate chain type 1 (DNAI1) gene have been described in 10% of cases of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. Our goal was to restore normal ciliary beating in DNAI1-deficient human airway epithelial cells. A lentiviral vector based on Simian Immunodeficiency Virus pseudotyped with Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Glycoprotein was used to transduce cultured human airway epithelial cells with a cDNA of DNAI1 driven by the Elongation Factor 1 promoter. Transcription and translation of the transduced gene were tested by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Human airway epithelial cells that were DNAI1-deficient due to compound heterozygous mutations, and consequently had immotile cilia and no outer dynein arm, were transduced by the lentivirus. Cilia beating was recorded and electron microscopy of the cilia was performed. Transcription and translation of the transduced DNAI1 gene were detected in human cells treated with the lentivirus. In addition, immotile cilia recovered a normal beat and outer dynein arms reappeared. We demonstrated that it is possible to obtain a normalization of ciliary beat frequency of deficient human airway epithelial cells by using a lentivirus to transduce cells with the therapeutic gene. This preliminary step constitutes a conceptual proof that is indispensable in the perspective of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia's in vivo gene therapy. This is the first time that recovery of cilia beating is demonstrated in this disease.
The Folded Modules of Aggrecan G3 Domain Exert Two Separable Functions in Glycosaminoglycan Modification and Product Secretion (2002)

Aggrecan is the major proteoglycan in the extracellular matrix of cartilage. A notable exception is nanomelic cartilage, which lacks aggrecan in its matrix. The example of nanomelia and other evidence leads us to believe that the G3 domain plays an important role in aggrecan processing, and it has indeed been confirmed that G3 allows glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain attachment and product secretion. However, it is not clear how G3, which contains at least a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) and a complement binding protein (CBP) motif, plays these two functional roles. The present study was designed to dissect the mechanisms of this phenomenon and specially 1) to determine the effects of various cysteine residues in GAG modification and product secretion as well as 2) to investigate which of the two processing events is the critical step in the product processing. Our studies demonstrated that removal of the two amino-terminal cysteines in the CRD motif and the single cysteine in the amino terminus of CBP inhibited secretion of CRD and CBP. Use of the double mutant CRD construct also allowed us to observe a deviation from the usual strict coupling of GAG modification and product secretion steps. The presence of a small chondroitin sulfate fragment overcame the secretion-inhibitory effects once the small chondroitin sulfate fragment was modified by GAG.
A monoclonal antibody that distinguishes latent and active forms of the proteasome (multicatalytic proteinase complex). (1992)

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated to proteasome purified from human erythrocytes. Five of six proteasome-specific mAbs reacted with three subunits in the molecular mass range of 25-28 kDa, indicating a common epitope. The other mAb (AP5C10) exhibited a more restricted reactivity, recognizing a 32-kDa subunit of the proteasome purified in its latent state. However, when the proteasome is isolated in its active state, AP5C10 reacts with a 28-kDa subunit, evidence for processing of the proteasome subunits during purification. Purified proteasome preparations which exhibited partial latency have both AP5C10 reactive subunits. Although the 32-kDa subunit appears required for latency, loss of this component and generation of the 28-kDa component are not obligatory for activation. The 32- and 28-kDa subunits can each be further resolved into three components by isoelectric focusing. The apparent loss of 4 kDa during the conversion of the 32- to 28-kDa subunit is accompanied by a shift to a more basic pI for each polypeptide. Western blots of the early steps of proteasome purification reveal an AP5C10-reactive protein at 41 kDa. This protein was separated from proteasomes by sizing chromatography and may represent a pool of precursor subunits. Since the 32-kDa subunit appears necessary for latency, it is speculated to play a regulatory role in ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
Plasma dynamics in a highly ionized pulsed magnetron discharge (2005)

We report on electrostatic probe measurements of a high-power pulsed magnetron discharge. Space- and time-dependent characteristics of the plasma parameters are obtained as functions of the process parameters. By applying high-power pulses (peak power of ∼0.5 MW), with a pulse-on time of ∼100 µs and a repetition frequency of 20 ms, peak electron densities of the order of ∼1019 m− 3, i.e. three orders of magnitude higher than for a conventional dc magnetron discharge, are achieved soon after the pulse is switched on. At high sputtering gas pressures (>5 mTorr), a second peak occurs in the electron density curve, hundreds of microseconds after the pulse is switched off. This second peak is mainly due to an ion acoustic wave in the plasma, reflecting off the chamber walls. This is concluded from the time delay between the two peaks in the electron and ion saturation currents, which is shown to be dependent on the chamber dimensions and the sputtering gas composition. Finally, the electron temperature is determined, initially very high but decreasing rapidly as the pulse is turned off. The reduction seen in the electron temperature, close to the etched area of the cathode, is due to cooling by the sputtered metal atoms.
Tungsten(VI) hexahydride complexes supported by chelating triphosphine ligands: protonation to give .eta.2-dihydrogen complexes and catalytic dehydrogenation of cyclooctane to cyclooctene (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTungsten(VI) hexahydride complexes supported by chelating triphosphine ligands: protonation to give .eta.2-dihydrogen complexes and catalytic dehydrogenation of cyclooctane to cycloocteneDemetrius Michos, Xiao Liang Luo, J. W. Faller, and Robert H. CrabtreeCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 8, 1370–1375Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00060a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00060a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views361Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
U‐Pin Polyamide Motif for Recognition of the DNA Minor Groove (2003)

DNA-binding hairpin pyrrole-imidazole polyamides with gamma-aminobutyric acid as a turn-forming residue tolerate A.T or T.A base pairs under the turn. U-pins-polyamides with a different turn-have been synthesized and their DNA binding properties were studied. The two turn-forming residues are connected via the ring nitrogens using variable length aliphatic linkers ((CH(2))(n), n=3-6). Through optimization of the linker length and the substituents at the 2-position of the pyrrole residue on the U-turn, polyamides with G.C/C.G tolerant turns could be found, which bind to DNA in a predictable manner.
Facile and regioselective epoxidations of olefins with peroxysulfur intermediate generated from superoxide anion (O2-.cntdot.) and nitrobenzenesulfonyl chlorides (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFacile and regioselective epoxidations of olefins with peroxysulfur intermediate generated from superoxide anion (O2-.cntdot.) and nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloridesYong Hae Kim and Bong Chul ChungCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 9, 1562–1564Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00157a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00157a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views516Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Occurrence, storage and release of neurotensin‐like immunoreactivity from the adrenal gland (1984)

In the present study we have investigated the presence of radioimmunoassayable neurotensin-like immunoreactivity (NTLI) in extracts of adrenal glands from hen, guinea-pig, rat, cat, dog and man. In addition, gel filtration chromatography and studies on the storage site of NTLI, using subcellular fractionation techniques, were performed. Finally, NTLI release in relation to noradrenaline (NA) from cat adrenal glands upon splanchnic nerve activation was studied in vivo. In all species investigated except guinea-pig and man, the NTLI levels in the adrenal glands were higher than the levels in the heart (control tissue) but lower than in the ileum. Gel filtration of NTLI from cat adrenal glands revealed presence of roughly equal amounts of the whole neurotensin molecule, i.e. NT(1-13), and its main metabolite the N-terminal octapeptide NT(1-8), while in plasma from the adrenal vein almost exclusively NT(1-13) was revealed after electrical stimulation of the splanchnic nerve. The release of NTLI and NA upon splanchnic stimulation was antagonized by hexamethonium. Subcellular fractionation of cat adrenal glands indicated that NTLI was stored in a large subcellular organelle, co-migrating with chromaffin granules. We suggest that NT may be a new adrenal gland hormone or transmitter, possibly co-stored with NA in chromaffin cells. However, at the present stage it cannot be distinguished whether NT exerts its actions locally within the adrenal gland or after release into the systemic circulation.
Boc<sub>3</sub>Arg-Linked Ligands Induce Degradation by Localizing Target Proteins to the 20S Proteasome (2016)

Targeted protein degradation is a promising strategy for drug design and functional assessment. Several small molecule approaches have been developed that localize target proteins to ubiquitin ligases, inducing ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the 26S proteasome. We discovered that the degradation of a target protein can also be induced by a recognition ligand linked to tert-butyl carbamate (Boc<sub>3</sub>)-protected arginine (B<sub>3</sub>A). Here, we show that this process requires the proteasome but does not involve ubiquitination of the target protein. B<sub>3</sub>A does not perturb the structure of the target protein; instead, a B<sub>3</sub>A-ligand stabilizes its target protein. B<sub>3</sub>A ligands stimulate activity of purified 20S proteasome, demonstrating that the tag binds directly to the 20S proteasome. Moreover, purified 20S proteasome is sufficient to degrade target proteins in the presence of their respective B<sub>3</sub>A-linked recognition ligands. These observations suggest a simple model for B<sub>3</sub>A-mediated degradation wherein the B<sub>3</sub>A tag localizes target proteins directly to the 20S proteasome. Thus, B<sub>3</sub>A ligands are the first example of a ubiquitin-free strategy for targeted protein degradation.
Heterogeneous Assembly of Complementary Peptide Pairs into Amyloid Fibrils with α–β Structural Transition (2001)

The self-initiated structural transition from an initially formed α-helix structure to a β-sheet structure is the prerequisite for the spontaneous assembly of complementary peptide pairs into amyloid fibrils. The heterogeneous assembly is accomplished by favorable electrostatic interactions between pairs of designed peptide species that contain positively charged lysine (K) residues and negatively charged glutamate (E) residues (see picture).
The effect of learner errors on POS tag errors during automatic POS tagging (2002)

The use of a corpus as a language resource is enhanced when it is part of speech (POS) tagged. There are a number of computer tagging programs (taggers) available. In order to decide which taggers to use to POS tag the Tswana Learner English Corpus (TLEC), the performance of three taggers (TOSCA-ICLE, Brill tagger, and CLAWS) was evaluated on a small sample of the corpus. An evaluation of an unedited version of the sample indicated that learner spelling errors contributed substantially to tagging errors. All spelling errors were then corrected and the edited sample was retagged. With the spelling errors removed, the performance of all three taggers improved. This article reports on the influence of the other learner errors on the performance of the taggers. It was found that 38% of the tag errors made by CLAWS on the edited sample were due to learner errors. In the case of TOSCA 19%, and in the case of Brill 14%, of the tag errors were due to learner errors.
Synthesis of cellulose by <i>Acetobacter xylinum</i>. 4. Enzyme systems present in a crude extract of glucose-grown cells (1957)

Research Article| December 01 1957 Synthesis of cellulose by Acetobacter xylinum. 4. Enzyme systems present in a crude extract of glucose-grown cells Z. Gromet; Z. Gromet 1Laboratory of Microbiological Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. Schramm; M. Schramm 1Laboratory of Microbiological Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Shlomo Hestrin Shlomo Hestrin 1Laboratory of Microbiological Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1957) 67 (4): 679–689. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0670679 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Z. Gromet, M. Schramm, Shlomo Hestrin; Synthesis of cellulose by Acetobacter xylinum. 4. Enzyme systems present in a crude extract of glucose-grown cells. Biochem J 1 December 1957; 67 (4): 679–689. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0670679 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1957 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1957 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
The incorporation of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine into the DNA of HeLa cells and the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity. (1976)

Inhibition of DNA synthesis during the period of exposure of HeLa cells to 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IUdR) inhibited the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity. This finding, taken together with previous findings that IUdR did not induce alkaline phosphatase activity in the presence of 2-fold molar excess thymidinemonstrated that IUdR incorporation into DNA is correlated with the increase in alkaline phosphatase activity. With the exception of an interim period described in the text, induction of alkaline phosphatase activity was linearly related to medium concentrations of IUdR of up to at least 3 muM. However, the extent of IUdR substitution in DNA did not appear to be related to the degree of enzyme induction. Alkaline phosphatase activity continued to increase at medium concentrations of IUdR from 1 to 3 muM, while little further substitution of DNA occurred.
Catalytic Oligomerization of Ethylene to Higher Linear α-Olefins Promoted by Cationic Group 4 Cyclopentadienyl-Arene Active Catalysts:  A DFT Investigation Exploring the Influence of Electronic Factors on the Catalytic Properties by Modification of the Hemilabile Arene Functionality (2004)

Hessen and co-workers described Ti-based precatalysts of the title class bearing a hemilabile ancillary arene functionality for ethylene trimerization. The analogues with the heavier group 4 metals Zr and Hf as the active center have been recently explored computationally. This study suggested the Zr-based system as a promising catalyst for production of an oligomer mixture containing 1-octene besides the prevalent 1-hexene. Herein, we have presented a detailed computational analysis of the influence of modifications of the hemilabile arene functionality on the catalytic abilities of cationic group 4 [(η5-Cp-(CMe2R‘-bridge)-C6HyRx)MII(C2H4)2]+ active species (M = Zr, Hf) for linear ethylene oligomerization, employing a gradient-corrected DFT method. This comprised the arene substitution with prototypical electron-releasing (R = Me) and electron-withdrawing (R = F, CF3) groups in various combinations and also the enlargement of the Cp-arene connecting bridge by an additional methylene group (R‘ = CH2). The overall barrier connected with metallacycle growth has been analyzed as being decisively determined by the strength of the MIV−arene interaction in the metallacycle precursor, with the first arene displacement by incoming ethylene as the major contribution to the relative kinetics. For catalysts bearing an extended C2-bridge or a donor-substituted arene functionality this interaction becomes increased, thereby acting to reduce the tendency for ethylene π-adduct formation and also increasing the insertion barrier. The opposite influence has been found for substituents that are electron-withdrawing. The barrier for metallacycle decomposition is essentially controlled by the ability of the arene group to stabilize the transition state coordinatively. The donor and acceptor abilities of the substituent have been described as the crucial electronic factor that acts to accelerate and retard, respectively, this process. Among the two crucial elementary processes, the ethylene insertion has been found as being distinctly affected to a larger extent by the probed modifications of the hemilabile arene functionality. The influence of these modifications, in modulating the oligomer product composition and the catalytic activity, has been elucidated.