gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antacid and Antiulcer Properties of the Polysaccharide Chitosan in the Rat (1964)

ConclusionsChitosan, a polymer glucosamine obtained from the chitin of lobsters and crabs, affords a moderate, but definite protection to pylorus ligated rats against peptic ulceration of the rumin. This anti-ulcer activity has been shown to be due to a moderate capacity to bind free gastric acid and to a significant ability to act as a demulcent. Gastric demulcent activity was also observed in unligated dogs given a large dose of aspirin. Antipeptic activity was not observed with chitosan, but was with an aluminum hydroxide coprecipitate of chito-san. This latter material was almost equal to carrageenin in inhibiting proteolytic activity of gastric secretions but was not as effective as the sulfated galactosan in preventing peptic ulceration. A possible explanation of the lesser antiulcer potency of chitosan-AlOH is discussed.
Fulminant metastatic melanoma complicated by a microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. (1998)

A 34-year-old male acutely presented with widely disseminated malignant melanoma, a microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Although the patient had a history of intense childhood exposure to ultraviolet light and an occupational exposure to organic dyes, he had no history of a precursor skin lesion. The histopathology of the patient's bone marrow revealed sheets of malignant cells immunoreactive with S-100, HMB-45, and vimentin and also staining positively for melanin. A bone marrow aspirate revealed myeloid precursors filled with melanin-bearing vacuoles. Immunophenotypic analysis of the patient's bone marrow by flow cytometry revealed a paucity of hematopoietic cells. A karyotypic analysis of the patient's tumor cells demonstrated an abnormal hypertriploid composite clone characterized by multiple numerical and structural abnormalities. Although the patient was treated aggressively with transfusional support, heparin, and chemotherapy, he expired 3 weeks after diagnosis. This is the first recognized case of metastatic melanoma occurring in association with a microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.
Dynamics of a Random Laser above Threshold (2001)

We have performed enhanced backscattering experiments in a high gain random laser, under circumstances where a stationary theory predicts the laser intensity to diverge. Above the laser threshold the observed backscatter cone changes only gradually, not showing any signs of the divergence. We present measurements and theory-generalized laser equations with a diffusive transport term for pump and laser light-to explain the observed behavior. The population dynamics prevent an indefinite growth of the intensity. Time dependence is essential for a theory of random lasers above the laser threshold.
Mitogenic activation of the transferrin receptor gene promoter is modulated by inhibitors of tyrosine kinases and tyrosine phosphatases. (1996)

Transferrin receptor gene expression is coupled to cell proliferation of normal cells and is elevated in nearly all types of tumor cells. A mitogen-responsive region of the transferrin receptor gene promoter has been localized between -78 and -34 relative to the major transcriptional start. The promoter can be activated in quiescent fibroblasts by treatment with either vanadate or phenylarsine oxide, both of which are inhibitors of tyrosine phosphatases and lead to elevated levels of intracellular tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins. Vanadate can act synergistically with other mitogens and, when added together with serum, leads to superactivation of the promoter. Genistein, an inhibitor of certain tyrosine kinases, actually enhances promoter activity in cells treated with either vanadate or phenylarsine oxide. On the other hand, geldanamycin, which also reduces the level of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins and promoters the morphological reversion of many transformed cell types, is a potent inhibitor of transferrin receptor promoter activation by mitogens. The differential effects of these two tyrosine kinase inhibitors is most likely caused by the specificity of the enzymes that they target. These results indicate that a tyrosine phosphorylation event plays a critical role in the signaling events that lead to activation of the transferrin receptor gene promoter in mitogen-stimulated cells. This is of interest because activation of this promoter is a delayed response that occurs several hours after mitogen addition.
Genesis of a magnesite deposit, Deloro Twp., Ontario (1972)

This paper reports the results of a petrographic and geochemical study on a large talc-magnesite deposit near Timmins, Ontario. This deposit is characterized by four distinct mineral assemblages. The central section of the carbonate zone contains medium-grained magnesite, talc, quartz and accessory iron oxide minerals. One isolated outcrop at the east end of the carbonate deposit contains fine-grained magnesite and quartz with minor talc and hematite. A mineral assemblage consisting of fine-grained magnesite, talc, serpentine, and accessory iron oxides is also recognized in the eastern section and is in close proximity to serpentinite countryrock in which minor magnesite is present. Petrographic evidence suggests that these assemblages represent various stages in the progressive alteration of a serpentinite parent rock.Chemical and petrographic data from the various assemblages indicate that negligible amounts of magnesia were added to or removed from the system during alteration. Similarly, very little silica was added during alteration but it is possible that some SiO 2 was removed from the system during early stages of carbonatization. Volumetric changes due to carbonate alteration are minor, although a late-stage of silicification probably resulted in a significant increase in the volume of the system. Published data on the system MgO-SiO 2 -H 2 O-CO 2 indicate that during early stages of alteration, temperatures may have been in the range 150-300 degrees C but increased during the alteration which resulted in the magnesite-talc-quartz assemblage of the central section of the deposit.
Toll-Like Receptor-4 Is Expressed by Macrophages in Murine and Human Lipid-Rich Atherosclerotic Plaques and Upregulated by Oxidized LDL (2001)

Our study demonstrates that TLR-4 is preferentially expressed by macrophages in murine and human lipid-rich atherosclerotic lesions, where it may play a role to enhance and sustain the innate immune and inflammatory responses. Moreover, upregulation of TLR-4 in macrophages by oxidized LDL suggests that TLR-4 may provide a potential pathophysiological link between lipids and infection/inflammation and atherosclerosis.
Total Synthesis of (+)‐Exiguolide (2008)

The unique 16-membered macrolide (+)-exiguolide (1) was the target of a total synthesis featuring radical and Prins cyclizations of β-alkoxyacrylates, along with ring-closing olefin metathesis. The structure incorporates two cis-2,6-disubstituted oxane rings where one of the rings has an exocyclic enoate group. The successful synthesis of 1, isolated from a marine sponge, led to the unambiguous determination of its absolute stereochemistry. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z705018_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
InP HEMT integrated circuits operating above 1,000 GHz (2016)

The last decade has seen tremendous increase in the operating frequency of transistor based in electronics. With InP HEMTs reaching 1.5 THz f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> and 610 GHz fr, operating frequencies of integrated circuit amplifiers have seen corresponding increase to as high as 1 THz. This paper describes the transistor process, integrated circuit results at 1 THz, as well as background on packaging and measurements at this frequency.
Physical characterization of the MUC5AC mucin: a highly oligomeric glycoprotein whether isolated from cell culture or in vivo from respiratory mucous secretions (2000)

We have isolated the high-Mr mucins from growth medium of the early stage of an HT-29 cell culture by gel chromatography and isopycnic density gradient centrifugation. The mucins (buoyant density 1.34-1.44 g/ml) were reactive with an anti-peptide antiserum (MAN-5ACI) raised against a sequence from within the MUC5AC mucin. Similar antisera raised against the MUC2 and MUC5B mucins were not reactive. The MUC5AC reduced-mucin subunits exhibited a homogeneous charge distribution on anion-exchange chromatography, but appeared as two bands, one major and one more minor, after agarose gel electrophoresis. The unreduced mucins had an average Mr in excess of 40 MDa and were visualized in the electron microscope as large, fine filamentous threads (many microns in length) that after reduction were greatly reduced in size (number average length 570 nm). Agarose gel electrophoresis of unreduced MUC5AC mucins identified a major band just entering the gel with evidence of a ‘ladder’ of faster-migrating minor bands. Partial reduction of the mucins increased the proportion of the faster bands and at least 16 could be discriminated. Mr measurements showed that these bands differed by single monomer units. The mucins behaved as very stiff extended structures in solution and this characteristic might explain the poor separation of different-sized oligomers in sedimentation-rate experiments. The cell-culture mucin preparation had similar characteristics of charge and buoyant density to MUC5AC mucins from respiratory secretions in vivo. In addition the MUC5AC mucin from respiratory tract secretions exhibited similar behaviour, reduced and unreduced on agarose gel electrophoresis, indicating that the mucin has a similar molecular phenotype in vivo and in vitro.
A History of Satellite Navigation (1995)

Navigation by use of earth satellites is expanding explosively. Current estimates are that 60,000 civil sets are being produced each month. With increased use in automobiles, ships, and airplanes, this application of satellites is expected soon to rival the communications applications. This paper traces the evolution of satellite navigation from the early stages of the Navy's Transit system through the developmental Navy and Air Force programs known as Timation and 621B. These early efforts contributed strongly to the synthesis of the current satellite navigation system called GPS. GPS has demonstrated a wide range of applications, from precise survey (at the millimeter level) to the landing of airplanes with positioning uncertainties of a few centimeters. The paper describes the operation of all of these systems, as well as the two Russian systems, Cicada and GLONASS. As the applications expand, GPS will touch every citizen of the world in ways that even today are not fully appreciated.
Vaccines to Prevent Viral Hepatitis (1997)

At least five different viruses cause hepatitis in humans. Two — hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) — are nonenveloped RNA viruses that are spread predominantly by fecal–oral transmission and cause acute self-limited disease.1,2 The others — hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis delta virus (HDV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) — are enveloped viruses with various tendencies to cause persistent infection, chronic hepatitis, and, in the case of HBV and HCV, hepatocellular carcinoma.35 Fecal–oral transmission does not occur with these viruses, because their lipid envelopes preclude the passage of viable virus from the liver through . . .
High Efficiency Plating Method for Leishmania Promastigotes in Semidefined or Completely-Defined Medium (1983)

A simple technique, developed for the isolation of clones derived from single, promastigote cells of Leishmania donovani and Leishmania tropica, involved the use of semisolid agar. Both species of Leishmania promastigotes formed discrete colonies at high efficiency either in semidefined medium containing 10% fetal calf serum or in completely-defined medium lacking serum. Visible colonies appeared between 8 and 14 days in growth medium containing 10% fetal calf serum. Replacement of the fetal calf serum with bovine serum albumin and Tween-80 increased the time of colony formation by 50% but did not affect the cloning efficiency. Viability of colonies transferred from semisolid agar to liquid suspension culture was 100%.
An Online Continuous Human Action Recognition Algorithm Based on the Kinect Sensor (2016)

Continuous human action recognition (CHAR) is more practical in human-robot interactions. In this paper, an online CHAR algorithm is proposed based on skeletal data extracted from RGB-D images captured by Kinect sensors. Each human action is modeled by a sequence of key poses and atomic motions in a particular order. In order to extract key poses and atomic motions, feature sequences are divided into pose feature segments and motion feature segments, by use of the online segmentation method based on potential differences of features. Likelihood probabilities that each feature segment can be labeled as the extracted key poses or atomic motions, are computed in the online model matching process. An online classification method with variable-length maximal entropy Markov model (MEMM) is performed based on the likelihood probabilities, for recognizing continuous human actions. The variable-length MEMM method ensures the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed CHAR method. Compared with the published CHAR methods, the proposed algorithm does not need to detect the start and end points of each human action in advance. The experimental results on public datasets show that the proposed algorithm is effective and highly-efficient for recognizing continuous human actions.
Evaluation of contact dermatitis using the TRUE patch test. (1991)

Patch testing is a dermatological diagnostic procedure for contact dermatitis utilizing selected allergens. It has been suggested that suspected cases of contact dermatitis cannot be definitively diagnosed without a patch test. Physicians have avoided the use of patch testing for a variety of reasons, chief of these being inconvenience and inconsistency. The TRUE patch test (Pharmacia AB, Uppsala, Sweden) offers a test modality that circumvents these problems. Background information on the TRUE test is presented along with two studies demonstrating its efficacy.
COMPACT ARTIFICIAL MAGNETIC CONDUCTOR DESIGNS USING PLANAR SQUARE SPIRAL GEOMETRIES (2007)

Compact spiral artificial magnetic conductors (AMC) have been investigated in this paper. First, single and double spirals are examined to achieve an in-phase reflection at a lower frequency compared to a conventional patch element of the same size. However, these two designs generate a large cross polarization. The cross polarization affects the operating frequency and bandwidth. In order to eliminate the cross polarization effect, a four-arm spiral element is introduced. This geometry does not generate a cross polarization, and an operating frequency that is 49.45% lower than the reference patch element has been achieved.
Cinema Sound Reproduction Systems: Technology Advances and System Design Considerations (1982)

Today's state-of-the-art criteria for motion-picture sound reproduction may fall far short of meeting the demands of motion-picture audiences in five to ten years. Present-day A-chain capabilities far exceed the capabilities of motion-picture theater playback equipment, and the gap widens at an ever-increasing rate. The authors propose a quantum improvement in film-sound playback systems as a necessary means to gain significant improvements in sound quality in the motion-picture theater.
ENDOCRINE CONTROL OF METABOLISM IN THE LAND CRAB, GECARCINUS LATERALIS (FRÉMINVILLE). I DIFFERENCES IN THE RESPIRATORY METABOLISM OF SINUSGLANDLESS AND EYESTALKLESS CRABS , (1953)

1. A volumetric macrorespirometer and gas analyzer are described. Procedures and precautions for their use are discussed.2. Determinations of respiratory rates and respiratory quotients before and after surgical removal of both sinus glands from the eyestalks of the land crab, Gecarcinus lateralis, indicated that, except in one respect, the crabs were fundamentally unaffected by the loss of organs which had been thought essential for maintenance of normal metabolism.3. The exception lay in an operated crab's eventual loss of its normal ability to vary the type and rate of metabolism. Indications of this loss were a constant respiratory quotient at the normal mean value and a low and relatively invariable respiratory rate. Fluctuations in rate of oxygen consumption and level of respiratory quotient were recorded from normal crabs.4. Eyestalkless crabs showed a sudden and pronounced alteration from normal respiratory rates and respiratory quotients, a change indicative of a pre-molt metabolism and culminating in a second, even more marked metabolic shift at the time of molt.5. It is clear that removal of eyestalks does, but removal of sinus glands does not, deprive these crabs of the molt-inhibiting and respiration-regulating hormone. Previous bilateral sinus gland removal does not alter the capacity of a crab to respond to subsequent bilateral eyestalk removal in the manner described above. The same is true when unilateral eyestalk removal is followed by removal of the other eyestalk.6. These metabolic data supplement and confirm morphological observations reported in an earlier paper (Bliss and Welsh, 1952). One may conceive of a brachyuran neurosecretory system composed of neurosecretory cell bodies as synthesizing elements, axons as transporting elements, and the sinus glands as storing and releasing organs. This is an extension of a concept developed originally by Scharrer and Scharrer (1944) for vertebrates and insects.
A smart clustering algorithm for photo set obtained from multiple digital cameras (2009)

The use of digital cameras is prevalent. Although the cost of digital photographs is low, managing numerous digital photos is burdensome to most users. An intelligent management tool for digital photos is needed. We propose a novel clustering algorithm for concurrent digital photos obtained from multiple cameras. Since previous photo clustering methods can be applied to a single camera, a group of photos obtained from different cameras cannot be classified to meet user preference. We newly define temporal/spatial combined clustering for the set of group photos taken from different cameras to solve this situation. We define a new spatial similarity using block alignment for two independent photos. If a user submits photo clustering that shows preference between spatial and temporal clustering, then we can cluster other photo sets according to the reference clustering characteristics. In this method, the EXIF metadata plays an essential role. We tested more than one thousand photos taken by tourist groups. The final result was satisfactory compared to previous methods based on temporal (spatial) criteria only.
A facile semisynthesis of the antimalarial drug Qinghaosu (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA facile semisynthesis of the antimalarial drug QinghaosuRonald J. Roth and Nancy Acton Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 7, 612Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 July 1991Published inissue 1 July 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/ed068p612RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views467Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Wireless Power Transfer Using Electromagnetic Resonant Coupling (2009)

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Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) for communication and control (2007)

No abstract available.
Serological analysis of antigenic heterogeneity of Giardia lamblia variant surface proteins (1996)

Neonatal ZU.ICR mice were infected with trophozoites of Giardia lamblia clone GS/M-83-H7 expressing the variant surface protein (VSP) H7 and were subsequently investigated for their serum antibody response directed against VSPH7. Recombinant polypeptides, representing overlapping segments of VSPH7, and native Giardia proteins were used as antigenic reagents to examine the antigenic substructure of VSPH7 and the extent of antigenic variation in vivo. VSPH7 proved to be the predominant antigen of the parasite with respect to serum antibody reactivity. The data indicated that VSPH7 basically consists of two antigenically distinct parts: (i) a unique, variant-specific 314-amino-acid N-terminal region which elicits a low antibody response preferentially detectable during the early phase of the infection and (ii) a 171-amino-acid C-terminal region which elicits a high antibody response during the later phase or after resolution of the infection. The epitopes of the C-terminal region appear to be shared by other, as yet uncharacterized, variant antigens. The highly conserved 34-amino-acid stretch at the extreme C terminus of VSPH7 exhibited no immunoreactivity to any of the sera tested. Further investigations indicated that antigenic variation of the intestinal parasite population was associated with a diversification into at least six to nine new antigen types. These variant antigens were extremely heterogeneous in size ranging from approximately 50 to 115 kDa. None of these proteins shared antigenic epitopes with the 314-amino-acid N-terminal portion, but several of them cross-reacted with antibodies specific to the 171-amino-acid C-terminal portion of the VSP from the original inoculum.
Articular cartilage: structure, injuries and review of management (2008)

The success of any treatment lies in its longevity. The new minimally invasive techniques are being invented. However, timely research, on the basis of randomized controlled trial comparing different methods of cartilage reconstruction is necessary for decision-making in today's evidence-based medical world.
Analysis of neuronal gene expression with laser capture microdissection (2002)

The brain is a heterogeneous tissue in which the numbers of neurons, glia, and other cell types vary among anatomic regions. Gene expression studies performed on brain homogenates yield results reflecting mRNA abundance in a mixture of cell types. Therefore, a method for quantifying gene expression in individual cell populations would be useful. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) is a new technique for obtaining pure populations of cells from heterogeneous tissues. Most studies thus far have used LCM to detect DNA sequences. We developed a method to quantify gene expression in hippocampal neurons from mouse brain using LCM and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). This method was optimized to permit histochemical or immunocytochemical visualization of nerve cells during LCM while minimizing RNA degradation. As an example, gene expression was quantified in hippocampal neurons from the Tg2576 mouse model for Alzheimer's disease.