gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decomposing the Titaniferous Magnetite Concentrate with Hydrochloric Acid (2011)

The decomposition of TMC with hydrochloric acid solutions (15–25% HCl) at the boiling point of the reaction mixture and atmospheric pressure has been investigated. The processing conditions have been determined for efficient recovery of titanium (up to 99.3%) as photocatalytically active anatase and for extracting Fe (up to 99.6%) and V (98.8%) into the leaching solution. Subsequent treatment of the leach liquor with aqueous ammonia affords 99.3 wt % Fe2O3 and an iron-vanadium product containing 3.2 wt % V2O5.
A Country's Image as Tourist Destination for External Intermediaries (2014)

The development of a simple but reliable diagnostic method of identifying and grouping S. mutans was undertaken. There were three specific antigens of S. mutans, and the slide agglutination test was found to be a good method using three specific antisera. The distribution of S. mutans groups in the Japanese and some animals was studied.
Spectral Probing : Multi-Spectral Imaging by OptimizedWide Band Illumination (2007)

Figure 1. Synthesized color images from computed multi-spectral data. Still-life scene with synthesized white illumination (left), tungsten illumination (middle) and theater blueish illumination (right)(roscolux # 72 filter). We present a novel active imaging approach that uses op-timized wide band filtered illumination to obtain multi-spectral reflectance information. Our optimization algo-rithm utilizes light source and camera spectral information in order to maximize the signal strength and the robustness to noise. Through the use of active wide band illumination, our system can obtain material reflectance information in the presence of moderate (indoor) unknown ambient illu-mination. Our method is very simple and does not require special equipment. It can be used by professional and am-ateur photographers alike to obtain material properties and to synthesize captured scenes under arbitrary illumination.
Stream of variation (SOV) modeling of machining errors and its applications. (2002)

The research presented in this dissertation offers a new linear state space model of dimensional machining errors, where the role of the time index is played by the station index in the multi-station machining system. Following previously published works, the model is referred to as the Stream of Variation (SOV) model of dimensional machining errors. Due to its specific form, this analytical model can serve as an interface in employing the rich knowledge of control theory and multi-variate statistics in systematically solving problems in machining that are currently solved using substantial expert intervention. Several such problems are root cause identification, machining error compensation and measurement scheme analysis and synthesis. In this dissertation, the linear state space SOV model of dimensional machining errors was employed to quantitatively assess the amount of information measurement schemes in multi-station machining systems carry about the root causes of dimensional errors. Both the Bayesian and non-Bayesian statistical approaches to the problem of measurement scheme analysis are presented and discussed. Thus, measurement scheme analysis methods have been developed to exploit the <italic>a priori</italic> statistical knowledge about the machining system, should such knowledge exist, as well as to handle situation when the <italic> a priori</italic> statistical knowledge about the machining system is non-existent, or uncertain. The measurement scheme analysis methods introduced in this dissertation are used to devise formal and systematic procedures for synthesizing measurement schemes that under a given cost limit carry the most information about the root causes of dimensional machining errors. Measurement scheme synthesis procedures based on the successive removal of measurements and based on the genetic algorithm (GA) have been developed. It was observed that the GA based measurement synthesis procedure robustly outperformed those based on the successive removal of measurements by consistently offering more informative measurement schemes. Efficacy and applicability of the newly proposed SOV model, as well as its applications in the measurement scheme analysis and synthesis were illustrated and verified in machining of an automotive cylinder head in the machining testbed of the Engineering Research Center for Reconfigurable Machining Systems at the University of Michigan.
Privacy Preservation in the Publication of Trajectories (2008)

We study the problem of protecting privacy in the publication of location sequences. Consider a database of trajectories, corresponding to movements of people, captured by their transactions when they use credit or RFID debit cards. We show that, if such trajectories are published exactly (by only hiding the identities of persons that followed them), there is a high risk of privacy breach by adversaries who hold partial information about them (e.g., shop owners). In particular, we show that one can use partial trajectory knowledge as a quasi-identifier for the remaining locations in the sequence. We device a data suppression technique, which prevents this type of breach, while keeping the posted data as accurate as possible.
Mycobacteria and Human Disease (1996)

This account of one of the most important groups of infectious diseases and its causative organisms reviews current thinking on epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment of mycobacterial diseases. Classification of mycobacteria is discussed with reference to the new approved lists of species names. A chapter is devoted to developments in the important area of mycobacterial immunology.
Induction of murine cytolytic T lymphocytes by Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (1988)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (PA), a potent protein synthesis inhibitor, was found to be a weak T-cell mitogen for murine splenocytes. Maximal stimulation of [3H]thymidine incorporation was obtained with 10 to 100 ng of toxin per ml following a 4-day induction. PA was also shown to be a polyclonal activator of cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL), effective against concanavalin A-treated target cells. The effective PA dose for CTL induction was the same as that for mitogenic stimulation, only with a prolonged priming time (7 days). In contrast to other mitogens, PA could not reactivate memory CTL into secondary CTL. The stimulation of CTL by subcytotoxic doses of PA may be relevant to its modulatory effect on the immunocellular system.
Hi-KD : Hash-based hierarchical Key Distribution for Group Communication (2005)

Even though hierarchical group communication\nis a prominent communication model for a variety of applications,\nfeatured by hierarchical communication rules, it has\nnot been sufficiently investigated in the security literature.\nIn this paper, we introduce private hierarchical group\ncommunication and we determine its specific confidentiality\nrequirements, then we propose an efficient key management\nprotocol satisfying those requirements. This work is\ndone in the frame of a national french project whose consortium\nincludes the international telecom company EADS,\nINRIA, CNRS and ENST-Paris. The project is called Safe-\nCast and deals with group communication in PMR networks\nthat are used mainly by security corps (police, fire fighters,soldiers,. . . ) in areas where it is difficult to have network infrastructures, such as war battles or following a natural disaster (earthquake, tsunami, tornado, . . . ).
Improvement of diamond nanocomposite field emitters by oxidation (2004)

Improvement of diamond nanocomposite field emitters by oxidation is studied. Results show that the oxidized composites exhibit lower emission threshold fields E/sub th/=1-2 V//spl mu/m as measured with a flat screen technique. The emission uniformity (the number of emission sites per unite area) was also improved. The composites with low sp/sup 2/-bonded carbon content, i.e. more porous samples, show better results. The structure of the nanocomposites was studied using microRaman spectroscopy, SEM, and Auger electron spectroscopy. Electronic properties of the emission centers (work function, electrical conductivity, topography and emission intensity) were investigated with a special STM device. The possible mechanisms of the emission improvement by oxidation in this two-phase carbon system are also discussed.
A replacement of the active-site aspartic acid residue 293 in mouse cathepsin D affects its intracellular stability, processing and transport in HEK-293 cells (2002)

The substitution of an active-site aspartic acid residue by asparagine in the lysosomal protease cathepsin D (CTSD) results in a loss of enzyme activity and severe cerebrocortical atrophy in a novel form of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in sheep [Tyynelä, Sohar, Sleat, Gin, Donnelly, Baumann, Haltia and Lobel (2000) EMBO J. 19, 2786-2792]. In the present study we have introduced the corresponding mutation by replacing aspartic acid residue 293 with asparagine (D293N) into the mouse CTSD cDNA to analyse its effect on synthesis, transport and stability in transfected HEK-293 cells. The complete inactivation of mutant D293N mouse CTSD was confirmed by a newly developed fluorimetric quantification system. Moreover, in the heterologous overexpression systems used, mutant D293N mouse CTSD was apparently unstable and proteolytically modified during early steps of the secretory pathway, resulting in a loss of mass by about 1 kDa. In the affected sheep, the endogenous mutant enzyme was stable but also showed the shift in its molecular mass. In HEK-293 cells, the transport of the mutant D293N mouse CTSD to the lysosome was delayed and associated with a low secretion rate compared with wild-type CTSD. These data suggest that the mutation may result in a conformational change which affects stability, processing and transport of the enzyme.
Inspanning om Lean Six Sigma op kaart te zetten beloond (2008)

Prof.dr. R.J.M.M. Does is al jarenlang een fervent voorvechter voor het gebruik van statistiek. En meer recent is hij zo’n beetje de belichaming van (Lean) Six Sigma in Europa. Tal van grote organisaties hebben hem te hulp geroepen bij de invoering van (Lean) Six Sigma. Het is dan ook niet meer dan terecht dat Ronald Does onlangs in Phoenix (Arizona, VS) de prestigieuze William G. Hunter Award 2008 van de Statistical Division van de ASQ in ontvangst mocht nemen. Eens per jaar wordt deze prijs uitgereikt aan een persoon die uitblinkt in en substantiële bijdrages heeft geleverd aan het vak statistiek, de opleiding voor mensen die het moeten toepassen en aan de integratie van statistiek met andere disciplines, terwijl ook het excelleren op het vlak excellente communicatie plus de implementatie van vernieuwende toegepaste methoden en technieken een vereiste is om voor de William G. Hunter Award in aanmerking te komen. Een bijzondere eer. De prijs bestaat 21 jaar en Ronald Does - verbonden aan het Institute for Business and Industrial Statistics van de Universiteit van Amsterdam (IBIS UvA) te Amsterdam -- is de eerste Nederlander die hem ontvangt. Het artikel over de historie en ontwikkeling van Lean Six Sigma dat hier is afgedrukt, is ontleend uit de meest recente bestseller van Does ‘Lean Six Sigma, stap voor stap’.
The information security dictionary : defining the terms that define security for E-business, Internet, information wireless technology (2004)

List of Figures.- List of Tables.- Preface: Something for Everyone.- Acknowledgements.- Why is IT Security Important?- About this Dictionary.- About the Author.- How to Use This Dictionary.- Epilogue: Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP).- Appendices: Suggestions for Additional Resources.- Appendix 1: On-Line Databases for Vulnerabilities and Security.- Appendix 2: Dictionaries and Encyclopedias.- Appendix 3: Miscellaneous Resources.- Appendix 4: Legislation and Regulation - European Union.- Appendix 5: Legislation and Regulation.- Appendix 6: Standards and Best Practice.- Security and Utility Tools.- Appendix 7: 'Nearly' or Outright Free Security Tools for System Administrators.- Appendix 8: 'Nearly' or Outright Free Security Tools for Home Users.- Awareness Raising - Skill Development.- Appendix 9: Newsletters.- Appendix 10: Alerts and Advisories.
Global analysis of serum microRNAs as potential biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma (2013)

Early diagnosis and the ability to predict the most relevant treatment option for individuals is essential to improve clinical outcomes for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Adenocarcinoma (ADC), a subtype of NSCLC, is the single biggest cancer killer and therefore an urgent need to identify minimally invasive biomarkers to enable early diagnosis. Recent studies, by ourselves and others, indicate that circulating miRNAs have potential as biomarkers. Here we applied global profiling approaches in serum from patients with ADC of the lung to explore if miRNAs have potential as diagnostic biomarkers. This study involved RNA isolation from 80 sera specimens including those from ADC patients (equal numbers of stages 1, 2, 3, and 4) and age- and gender-matched controls (n = 40 each). Six hundred and sixty-seven miRNAs were co-analyzed in these specimens using TaqMan low density arrays and qPCR validation using individual miRNAs. Overall, approximately 390 and 370 miRNAs were detected in ADC and control sera, respectively. A group of 6 miRNAs, miR-30c-1* (AUC = 0.74; P < 0.002), miR-616* (AUC = 0.71; P = 0.001), miR-146b-3p (AUC = 0.82; P < 0.0001), miR-566 (AUC = 0.80; P < 0.0001), miR-550 (AUC = 0.72; P = 0.0006), and miR-939 (AUC = 0.82; P < 0.0001) was found to be present at substantially higher levels in ADC compared with control sera. Conversely, miR-339-5p and miR-656 were detected at substantially lower levels in ADC sera (co-analysis resulting in AUC = 0.6; P = 0.02). Differences in miRNA profile identified support circulating miRNAs having potential as diagnostic biomarkers for ADC. More extensive studies of ADC and control serum specimens are warranted to independently validate the potential clinical relevance of these miRNAs as minimally invasive biomarkers for ADC.
Interactions of tervalent lanthanide ions with bacterial collagenase (clostridiopeptidase A) (1981)

Tervalent cations of the lanthanide (rare-earth) elements reversibly inhibit bacterial collagenase (clostridiopeptidase A; EC 3.4.24.3). Sm(3+), whose ionic radius is closest to that of Ca(2+), is the most effective inhibitor, completely suppressing clostridiopeptidase activity at a concentration of 100mum in the presence of 5mm-Ca(2+). Er(3+) and Lu(3+), which both have ionic radii smaller than either Ca(2+) or Sm(3+), inhibit less efficiently, and La(3+), which is slightly larger than Ca(2+) or Sm(3+), inhibits only weakly. These findings indicate a closely fitting, stereospecific, Ca(2+)-binding pocket in clostridiopeptidase, which excludes ions that are only slightly larger than Ca(2+) [ionic radius 0.099nm (0.99 A)]. By contrast, trypsin, an enzyme whose activity does not depend on Ca(2+), requires lanthanide concentrations 50-100-fold greater for inhibition. Furthermore, the relative efficiency of inhibition of trypsin by lanthanides increases as the lanthanide ions become smaller and the charge/volume ratio increases. At a concentration of 50mum, Sm(3+) lowers the apparent K(m) for the hydrolysis of Pz-peptide by clostridiopeptidase from 5.4mm to 0.37mm and the apparent V(max.) from 0.29 Wünsch-Heidrich unit to 0.018 unit. Thus Sm(3+) enhances the affinity of this enzyme for its substrate; inhibition of hydrolysis of Pz-peptide may result from the excessive stability of the enzyme-Sm(3+)-substrate complex. Inhibition by Sm(3+) is competitive with regard to Ca(2+). The apparent dissociation constant, K(d), of Ca(2+) is 0.27mm, where the K(i) for Sm(3+) is 12mum. Clostridiopeptidase is more thermolabile in the absence of Ca(2+). With Sm(3+), thermoinactivation of the enzyme at 53 degrees C or 60 degrees C is initially accelerated, but then becomes retarded as heating continues. Lanthanide ions bind to gelatin and collagen. In so doing, they appear to protect these substrates from lysis by clostridiopeptidase through mechanisms additional to supplanting Ca(2+) at its binding site on the enzyme. Collagen and gelatin sequester sufficient lanthanide ions to gain partial protection from clostridiopeptidase in the absence of an extraneous source of these inhibitors.
An internet overlay architecture for global scale wireless sensor networks (2010)

The problems, such as environmental monitoring for global warming, currently under research by scientists and engineers are complex, inter-related worldwide phenomena that require global scale sensor networks to study and understand. Cost and resource constraints prohibit organizations, even national governments, and industrial and academic consortiums from deploying sensor networks on a global scale. Therefore, it is increasingly necessary for research groups to provide access to their non-proprietary, unclassified sensor networks so that the data may be analyzed without compromising its integrity, and at times repurposed by scientists and engineers studying other aspects of inter-related phenomena. This paper proposes a global scale wireless sensor network (GSWSN) architectural framework with the Internet providing backbone connectivity among geographically disperse sensor network sites, and discusses the challenges inherent to this undertaking.
New insights into iron regulation and erythropoiesis (2015)

This review summarizes exciting advances in understanding the mechanisms of iron and erythropoietic regulation, and development of novel therapeutic tools for disorders resulting from dysregulation of iron metabolism or erythropoiesis.
Taxonomic review of genus<i>Stenodynerus</i>Saussure (Eumeninae, Vespidae, Hymenoptera) with description of a new species in Korea (1999)

Ten Korean eumenine wasp species of the genus Stenodynerus, including one new species and six newly recorded species (Stenodynerus chinensis simillimus, S. coreanus, S. clypeopictus, S. funebris, S. frauenfeldi, S. kalinowskii, S. pappi, S. pullus, S. tergitus sp. nov., S. tokyanus) from Korea were taxonomically reviewed. The male of S. pappi was collected for the first time. Additional characters to distinguish several congeners were also discussed.
PDZ-dependent Activation of Nitric-oxide Synthases by the Serotonin 2B Receptor (2000)

Taking advantage of three cellular systems, we established that 5-HT(2B) receptors are coupled with NO signaling pathways. In the 1C11 serotonergic cell line and Mastomys natalensis carcinoid cells, which naturally express the 5-HT(2B) receptor, as well as in transfected LMTK(-) fibroblasts, stimulation of the 5-HT(2B) receptor triggers intracellular cGMP production through dual activation of constitutive nitric-oxide synthase (cNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS). The group I PDZ motif at the C terminus of the 5-HT(2B) receptor is required for recruitment of the cNOS and iNOS transduction pathways. Indeed, the 5-HT(2B) receptor-mediated NO coupling is abolished not only upon introduction of a competitor C-terminal 5-HT(2B) peptide in the three cell types but also in LMTK(-) fibroblasts expressing a receptor C-terminally truncated or harboring a point mutation within the PDZ domain. The occurrence of a direct functional coupling between the receptor and cNOS activity is supported by highly significant correlations between the binding constants of drugs on the receptor and their effects on cNOS activity. The 5-HT(2B)/iNOS coupling mechanisms appear more complex because neutralization of endogenous Galpha(13) by specific antibodies cancels the cellular iNOS response while not interfering with cNOS activities. These findings may shed light on physiological links between the 5-HT(2B) receptor and NO and constitute the first demonstration that PDZ interactions participate in downstream transductional pathways of a G protein-coupled receptor.
A <scp>MEMS</scp>‐based heating holder for the direct imaging of simultaneous <i>in‐situ</i> heating and biasing experiments in scanning/transmission electron microscopes (2016)

The introduction of scanning/transmission electron microscopes (S/TEM) with sub-Angstrom resolution as well as fast and sensitive detection solutions support direct observation of dynamic phenomena in-situ at the atomic scale. Thereby, in-situ specimen holders play a crucial role: accurate control of the applied in-situ stimulus on the nanostructure combined with the overall system stability to assure atomic resolution are paramount for a successful in-situ S/TEM experiment. For those reasons, MEMS-based TEM sample holders are becoming one of the preferred choices, also enabling a high precision in measurements of the in-situ parameter for more reproducible data. A newly developed MEMS-based microheater is presented in combination with the new NanoEx™-i/v TEM sample holder. The concept is built on a four-point probe temperature measurement approach allowing active, accurate local temperature control as well as calorimetry. In this paper, it is shown that it provides high temperature stability up to 1,300°C with a peak temperature of 1,500°C (also working accurately in gaseous environments), high temperature measurement accuracy (<4%) and uniform temperature distribution over the heated specimen area (<1%), enabling not only in-situ S/TEM imaging experiments, but also elemental mapping at elevated temperatures using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Moreover, it has the unique capability to enable simultaneous heating and biasing experiments.
Sensors from electrodeposited metal nanowires (2002)

Abstract Based on their electronic conductivity behaviour, metallic nanowires may have analytical applications ranging from interconnects to sensors. We present in this paper an electrochemical method for synthesizing Mo and Pd metal nanowires ranging in diameter from a few tens of nanometres up to one micrometre, with millimetre lengths. Nanowires are prepared by the electrodeposition of metal at step edges present on a graphite surface. These nanowires can be used to connect metal nanoparticles (Ni, Au, etc.). Once transferred in a polymer cast, they can operate as sensors. We describe how these nanowires may be manipulated to make devices for analytical chemistry and, as an example of such nanodevice, a detailed overview of the characteristics of the first nanowire‐based sensor of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) is given. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of the Oligomeric Seed Globulin from Amaranthus hypochondriacus. (1991)

The main storage seed protein of Amaranthus hypochondriacus, the oligomeric salt-soluble globulin, was isolated and purified to homogeneity by Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration and Separon Hema-Bio 1000 DEAE anion-exchange chromatography. The globulin had two heterogeneous forms, a major and minor species with apparent molecular masses of 398, 000 and 337, 000 daltons, respectively. Each of the two species were analyzed by sodium-dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and by native-PAGE (without prior reduction of disulfide bonds). Only slight differences were observed in their subunit patterns although appreciable differences in mobility and dissociation behaviour were noted on native-PAGE. The major protein fraction was oligomeric, consisting of a tetrameric and hexameric moiety held together by weak secondary forces. The minor fraction, a hexamer of slightly higher apparent molecular mass was a polymeric species derived in part from a sulfhydryl-disulfide interchange reaction.