gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dye-sensitized bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells (2008)

At present, there is a real limitation one can achieve with state-of-the-art fullerene-polymer solar cell materials in a fully optimized device based upon the poor mismatch to the solar spectrum. Empirical modeling has been performed using device parameters from current-voltage and spectral response measurements. The limiting J sc has been simulated from the spectral response profile of PCBM[70]-MEH-PPV and PCBM[60]-P3HT devices. The maximum efficiency for these systems is calculated to be between 6 and 9%, under 1 sun illumination. Empirical simulations show that molecular dyes absorbing between 800-900 nm in a properly structured device can theoretically increase the device photocurrent sufficient to reach a power conversion efficiency of 16% in a bulk heterojunction polymer solar cell under 1 sun AM1.5 illumination. We have investigated the use of soluble organic dyes with measured bandgaps in the nearinfrared (NIR) to extend the spectral conversion in polymeric solar cells. An appropriate energy level structure (to promote exciton dissociation and charge transport to the fullerene derivatives and polymer) has been measured using cyclic voltammetry for certain indolylidene dyes. The incorporation of these dyes into a PCBM-P3HT device structure has shown an enhancement in the spectral response at 1.5 eV.
Coherent angle estimation in bistatic multi‐input multi‐output radar using parallel profile with linear dependencies decomposition (2013)

This study investigates the topic of coherent angle estimation in bistatic multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) radar, and derives a scheme for coherent angle estimation by exploiting a parallel profile with linear dependencies (PARALIND) decomposition. The receive data can be mapped to a PARALIND model, after which the estimations of transmit/receive directional matrices and the correlated matrix of the sources are all obtained through PARALIND decomposition. Finally, the estimates of direction of departures and direction of arrivals can be obtained by least‐square principle. In contrast to the forward–backward spatial smoothing‐propagator (FBSS) method and FBSS‐estimation method of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques algorithms, the proposed method not only reaches paired estimates of the angles automatically but also has much better performance for angle estimation. On the other hand, our algorithm can be used for angle estimation in non‐uniform linear transmit/receive array. Simulations present the effectiveness of our approach.
Development of Stabilized Growth Factor-Loaded Hyaluronate– Collagen Dressing (HCD) matrix for impaired wound healing (2016)

Our stabilized EGF and bFGF was more stable than existing EGF and bFGF and the HCD matrix had the capacity to efficiently deliver growth factors. Thus, the S-EGF and S-bFGF loaded on HCD matrix had improved stability. Therefore, these matrixes may be suitable for impaired wound healing, resulting in application of clinical treatment.
Update on rilmenidine – clinical benefits (2001)

Rilmenidine is an imidazoline derivative which appears to lower blood pressure via an interaction with imidazoline (I1) receptors in the brainstem (and kidneys). Rilmenidine is as effective in monotherapy as all other first-line classes of drugs, including diuretics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors and calcium antagonists. It is well tolerated and can be taken in combination for greater efficacy. Sedation and dry mouth are not prominent side effects and withdrawal hypertension is not seen when treatment is stopped abruptly. Recently in addition to a reduction in blood pressure this agent has been shown to improve glucose tolerance, lipid risk factors, and insulin sensitivity. These changes would be consistent with the reduction in long- term cardiovascular risk as would recently described actions on the heart (reducing left ventricular hypertrophy) and the kidney (reducing microalbuminuria). Although there ar not yet data available from prospective long term outcome studies, rilmenidine could represent an important new development in antihypertensive therapy and in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Modifications of cysteine residues in the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of a recombinant hemagglutinin protein prevent cross-linked multimer formation and potency loss (2014)

rHA potency can be maintained by preventing non-specific disulfide bonding and cross-linked multimer formation. Substitution of carboxy terminal cysteines is an alternative to using reducing agents, and permits room temperature storage of the vaccine.
Proof-of-concept of moving through casing resistivity apparatus. Final report, October 1, 1989--January 31, 1993 (1997)

ParaMagnetic Logging, Inc. (PML) demonstrated for the first time during 1990 in a Test Well located in Forth Worth, Texas that formation resistivity could be measured, in-principle, from within cased wells with the Through Casing Resistivity Tool (TCRT) designed and built by PML. Early results from this first instrument provided the impetus to investigate measurements methods to increase data acquisition rates and mechanical designs to improve vertical resolution which were implemented in the second experimental version of the TCRT. PML investigated the design requirements for a tool that could continuously move upward within a cased well. It was found that although such measurements can be done, various interfering signals, including those identified as due to the Triboelectric Effect, would mask the weak borehole casing signals if standard wirelines and components from the industry are utilized which limit the amount of electrical current delivered to the well. Extensive laboratory measurements were performed with the Moving Test Jig to investigate the properties of the Triboelectric Effect. Successful methods of measurement were devised to achieve acceptable performance objectives and to overcome problems with the Triboelectric Effect. One such method is called the Slider Method of Measurement.
Design and Implementation of an Online Tuning Adaptive Controller for Synchronous Reluctance Motor Drives (2012)

The paper proposes a new adaptive controller design for a synchronous reluctance motor drive system. In this paper, an online tuning adaptive controller, which is based on the least-mean-square algorithm, is proposed. The adaptive controller is constructed by using an adaptive model and an adaptive control. Both the adaptive-model parameters and the adaptive-control parameters are online tuned. A nonlinear programming optimization technique is used to improve the convergence rate of the online tuning method. By using the proposed method, the transient responses, load disturbance responses, and tracking responses of the drive system are improved. The experimental results show that the implemented drive system can perform a wide range in adjustable speed from 1 to 1800 r/min and a precise position control as well. A digital signal processor, TMS-320F-28335, is used to execute the adaptive current-loop, speed-loop, and position-loop controllers. Experimental results can validate the theoretical analysis and show the feasibility and correctness of the proposed method.
Continuous Electrical Conductivity Variation in M<sub>3</sub>(Hexaiminotriphenylene)<sub>2</sub> (M = Co, Ni, Cu) MOF Alloys (2020)

We report on the continuous fine-scale tuning of band gaps over 0.4 eV and of the electrical conductivity of over 4 orders of magnitude in a series of highly crystalline binary alloys of two-dimensional electrically conducting metal-organic frameworks M<sub>3</sub>(HITP)<sub>2</sub> (M = Co, Ni, Cu; HITP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene). The isostructurality in the M<sub>3</sub>(HITP)<sub>2</sub> series permits the direct synthesis of binary alloys (M<sub><i>x</i></sub>M'<sub>3-<i>x</i></sub>)(HITP)<sub>2</sub> (MM' = CuNi, CoNi, and CoCu) with metal compositions precisely controlled by precursor ratios. We attribute the continuous tuning of both band gaps and electrical conductivity to changes in free-carrier concentrations and to subtle differences in the interlayer displacement or spacing, both of which are defined by metal substitution. The activation energy of (Co<sub><i>x</i></sub>Ni<sub>3-<i>x</i></sub>)(HITP)<sub>2</sub> alloys scales inversely with an increasing Ni percentage, confirming thermally activated bulk transport.
Exploiting 2D topology in labeling polyhedral images (1987)

A polyhedral image is a segmentation of the image plane into connected regions, called faces, joined by vertices and edges. The segmentation is represented by a planar network of nodes (vertices, edges, faces) linked by adjacency links. The labeling constraints at a node are all local labelings of the node consistent with itself and all its adjacent neighbors. The local labelings are represented by junctions, junction-pairs, and junction-loops respectively for the vertices, edges, and face boundaries of the image.

Constraint satisfaction and propagation is done uniformly over all nodes in the image, from each node to its adjacent neighbors. The result is local consistency or inconsistency at all the nodes in the planar network. We show that globally consistent labelings of the image exist, if and only if all the nodes in the network have locally consistent labelings. The planar network of nodes, with labels and local labelings attached to each node, represents all locally/globally consistent labelings of the polyhedral image.
Role of fibrin coagulation in protection of murine tumor cells from destruction by cytotoxic cells. (1988)

We have previously proposed that fibrin deposition on tumor cells during their migration in the blood could protect them from elimination by natural killer (NK) or other cytotoxic cells. Anticoagulant drugs could prevent fibrin coagulation and increase the efficiency of cytotoxic effector cells in tumor cell elimination. To further investigate the protective roles of fibrin, we studied in vitro the susceptibility of various murine tumor cells to the cytotoxic activity of NK or lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells in the presence of murine plasma or serum. In the first set of experiments, tumor cells were incubated with plasma (at dilutions of 1:20-1:160) for 30 min before effector cells were added. Similarly, effector cells were first incubated with plasma before mixing with radiolabeled target cells for cytotoxicity assay. In some experiments target and effector cells and plasma were mixed simultaneously. The cytotoxic activity of both NK and LAK cells was inhibited if coagulation occurred around tumor-target or effector cells. Tumor cells were also protected when both target and effector cells were simultaneously mixed and trapped in the fibrin clot. Inhibition of the cytotoxic activity of effector cells against tumor cells was positively correlated with the level of fibrin clot formation. When the larger clot was formed and more radiolabeled tumor cells were trapped in the clot, the higher level of inhibition of cytotoxicity was observed. In contrast, serum did not affect the cytotoxic activity of NK or LAK cells. To exclude possible non-coagulation-related effects of plasma on LAK cells, a cytotoxicity series of experiments was performed using purified fibrinogen and thrombin. When fibrinogen and thrombin were preincubated with tumor cells or LAK cells or all components were admixed simultaneously, substantial protection of tumor cells from destruction by LAK cells was also observed. However, when heparin was added, fibrin coagulation was prevented and cytotoxic activity of LAK cells was restored. Inhibition of LAK cytotoxicity and protection of tumor cells by fibrin coagulation were mostly due to the prevention of tumor-effector cell conjugate formation. Adding plasma at postbinding time periods (15-30 min after mixing effector and target cells) did not affect the ability of LAK cells to kill tumor cells confirming that fibrin coagulation influenced the binding rather than the lytic phase of cytotoxic cell activity.
Angiotensin as a model for hormone – receptor interactions (1985)

Proton magnetic resonance and chemical reactivity studies have demonstrated the presence of a tyrosine charge relay system in angiotensin which is analogous to the serine charge relay system present at the active site of serine proteases. Receptor activation by angiotensin can be explained by electronic effects deriving from an interaction of the charge relay system with stacking of the histidine and phenylalanine rings. Experiments with serine protease inhibitors suggest the possibility that mechanistic features of the interaction of angiotensin with its receptors may apply to other 'phenoxyl' hormones including certain peptides, steroids and catecholamines.
A Collision Resolution Protocol for Random Access Channels with Energy Detectors (1982)

In this paper, we consider the random accessing of a single slotted channel by a large number of packet-transmitting, bursty users. We assume that feedback broadcasting is available where some different information, in addition to the information assumed by the Capetanakis, Gallager, Massey, etc., models, is included in the feedback. In particular, we assume that the existence of energy detectors permits the broadcasting of the number of collided packets within each collision slot, whenever this number is below a certain limit. We first consider this limit to be infinity, and then a finite small number. For the model considered, we propose and analyze a collision resolution protocol (CRAI), whose implementation is simple. For Poisson input traffic and infinite number of energy detectors, we found that the CRAI is stable for input rates below 0.53237. For finite number of energy detectors, we propose a modified version of the CRAI (MCRAI). We found that the MCRAI reaches the throughput 0.53237, through the utilization of only about eight energy detectors. These protocols, like the ones introduced by Capetanakis, Gallager, Massey, etc., have good delay properties.
High speed 3D overhauser‐enhanced MRI using combined b‐SSFP and compressed sensing (2013)

The work presented here overcomes the main limitations of Overhauser enhanced MRI as previously described in the literature, drastically improving speed and resolution, and enabling new opportunities for the measurement of free radicals in living organisms, and for the study of dynamic processes such as metabolism and flow.
Prevention of endotoxin‐induced lethality in neonatal mice by interleukin‐13 (1997)

Interleukin(IL)-13, a cytokine produced by T helper 2 (Th2) cells, is a powerful inhibitor of macrophage functions, including surface expression of CD14 and production of IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. We tested the effects of recombinant mouse(m)IL-13 in a neonatal mouse model of endotoxin shock; this is a macrophage-dependent condition, which is a model of neonatal sepsis in humans. mIL-13 (0.5 microgram/mouse) dramatically reduced the lethal effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) if administered either 24 or 4 h prior to or concomitantly with LPS challenge. This action might be mediated by multiple modulatory activities of IL-13 on LPS-induced cytokine secretion since, relative to control animals, the mice treated with mIL-13 had eight times lower peak blood levels of TNF. The IL-1 beta levels were also decreased, whereas increased levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were observed at several time points after LPS challenge.
Demonstration of single-flux-quantum readout operation for superconducting single-photon detectors (2010)

A readout circuit using superconducting single-flux-quantum (SFQ) circuits has been developed to realize an independently addressable array of superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs). We tested the SFQ readout circuits by connecting with SSPDs. The error rates of readout circuits were below 10−5 for input signal amplitude of greater than 18.2 μA. Detection efficiencies (DEs) for single-photon incidents were measured both with and without the connection of a readout circuit. The observed DEs traced almost the same curves regardless of the connection of the readout circuit, except that the SSPD is likely to latch by connecting the readout circuit.
Design Methodology and Operational Practices Eliminate Differential Sticking (2011)

Summary This paper discusses a successful initiative begun 6 years ago to eliminate differential sticking across global operations. In the 5-year period from 2004 through 2008, there were only three differential-sticking events in 3,476 wells drilled with the recommended practices. There were an additional 17 sticking events with designs that did not conform to recommended practices, and 14 of these were freed. The drilling environment was diverse. Overbalances in excess of 1,000 to 2,000 psi were common in multidarcy rock and at high angle, and depleted reservoirs have been drilled with overbalance as high as 7,800 psi in vertical wells. The early focus of the stuck-pipe-avoidance practices was the elimination of differential sticking. However, some level of sticking occurs routinely in drilling operations, and these events become problematic only if the force required to initiate pipe movement exceeds what can be delivered to the stuck point. It is now accepted that sticking cannot be prevented and that elimination of sticking is not a proper design objective. The philosophical objective has now shifted from elimination of sticking to "maintaining conditions that allow the pipe to be pulled free," assuming that it will become differentially stuck. The desire to maintain this ability to move the pipe has required the implementation of a range of practices, some of which were not common in the industry. Changes were made in bottomhole assembly (BHA) design, fluid design, real-time cake-shear-strength recognition, and realtime cake-remediation practices. A finite-element (FE) model was also applied to redesign new systems or applications that lie outside the operator's previous experience. The stochastic model predicts cake growth and sticking force and the probability that it will be possible to deliver a force that can free the pipe for any given still-pipe time. The model inputs were calibrated through pullout tests with a variety of fluids to determine mechanical cake-strength properties, the rate at which those properties develop, changes in the pressure transient through the cake as it matures, and the cake contact areas and geometry at any point in time. Engineering and operations training also contributed greatly and allowed relatively uniform implementation to be achieved across a large, globally diverse operation in less than 1 year. A small number of noncompliant designs continued to be used, and these contributed greatly to the incidence of stuck pipe in the first 3 years. Last year, there was only one incident of stuck pipe with a noncompliant design. The paper describes the underlying sticking concepts, the engineering design and field practices used, the modeling capability, and the field results.
Design factors for transistorized television deflection circuits (1963)

Widespread acceptance of all-transistor television receivers still requires technical advances in many areas, including the important ones of cost and reliability. A market application as significant as television demands reasonable cost along with excellent performance. This paper discusses recent advances in the development of economical high-energy television-deflection circuits for both vertical and horizontal scanning. Problems pertinent to over-all scanning systems are discussed from a generalized viewpoint. The specific application of newly developed, potentially low-cost RCA power transistors designed for the deflection functions is then described.
Electrical properties of ion-implanted polyacetylene films (1987)

Ion-implantation studies of (CH)x films were carried out with ∼10-keV sodium ions. The temperature dependence of the sheet resistance of the implanted layer exhibited a thermal-activation-type behavior. Its activation energy decreased with increasing the ion dose. A long-term observation of the capacitance-voltage characteristics of an implanted p-n junction showed that a step junction was formed long after implantation as a result of the competition between defects annealing and dopants diffusion. These results ensure that low-energy ion implantation is a useful process for the n-type doping of (CH)x.
Sustainable production of acrolein: gas-phase dehydration of glycerol over 12-tungstophosphoric acid supported on ZrO2 and SiO2 (2008)

Catalytic gas-phase dehydration of glycerol to produce acrolein was investigated at 315 °C over ZrO2- and SiO2-supported 12-tungstophosphoric acid (H3PW12O40, HPW) catalysts with different treatment temperatures. Characterizations with XRD and Raman spectroscopy of the prepared HPW/SiO2, HPW/ZrO2catalysts showed that the nature of support materials had a significant effect on the thermal stability of HPW; after thermal treatment at 650 °C, the Keggin structure of HPW remained intact on the surface of ZrO2 but was completely destroyed on SiO2. HPW on ZrO2 also showed higher dispersion than on SiO2. In comparison to HPW/SiO2, HPW/ZrO2catalysts exhibited significantly higher activity and selectivity for the formation of acrolein, as well as a slower deactivation rate during the dehydration reaction. The selectivity and yield for acrolein over the better HPW/ZrO2catalysts can be as high as 70 mol% and 54%, respectively, even after 10 h reaction.
An <i>In Vivo</i> Functional Screen Identifies JNK Signaling As a Modulator of Chemotherapeutic Response in Breast Cancer (2017)

Chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for advanced breast cancer; however, resistance is an inevitable event for the majority of patients with metastatic disease. Moreover, there is little information available to guide stratification of first-line chemotherapy, crucial given the common development of multidrug resistance. Here, we describe an <i>in vivo</i> screen to interrogate the response to anthracycline-based chemotherapy in a syngeneic metastatic breast cancer model and identify JNK signaling as a key modulator of chemotherapy response. Combining <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> functional analyses, we demonstrate that JNK inhibition both promotes tumor cell cytostasis and blocks activation of the proapoptotic protein Bax, thereby antagonizing chemotherapy-mediated cytotoxicity. To investigate the clinical relevance of this dual role of JNK signaling, we developed a proliferation-independent JNK activity signature and demonstrate high JNK activity to be enriched in triple-negative and basal-like breast cancer subtypes. Consistent with the dual role of JNK signaling <i>in vitro</i>, high-level JNK pathway activation in triple-negative breast cancers is associated both with poor patient outcome in the absence of chemotherapy treatment and, in neoadjuvant clinical studies, is predictive of enhanced chemotherapy response. These data highlight the potential of monitoring JNK activity as early biomarker of response to chemotherapy and emphasize the importance of rational treatment regimes, particularly when combining cytostatic and chemotherapeutic agents. <i>Mol Cancer Ther; 16(9); 1967-78. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Interpenetrating metal–organic and inorganic 3D networks: a computer-aided systematic investigation. Part I. Analysis of the Cambridge structural database (2004)

The occurrence of interpenetration in metal–organic and inorganic networks has been investigated by a systematic analysis of the CSD and ICSD structural databases. For this purpose, a novel version of TOPOS (a program package for multipurpose crystallochemical analysis) has been employed, where the procedure of recognition of interpenetrating nets is based on the representation of a crystal structure as a finite reduced graph. In this paper we report a comprehensive list (301 Refcodes) of interpenetrating metal–organic 3D structures from CSD, that are analyzed on the basis of their topologies. Interesting trends and novel features have been observed and distinct classes of interpenetrating nets have been envisaged, depending on the relationships of the individual motifs.