gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Verification of Critical-Speed Increase of Single-Phase Induction Machines via Winding Reconfiguration With Solid-State Switches (2008)

The concept of online electronic switching of windings will be applied to a single-phase induction motor with two separate windings with different pole numbers p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> = 4 and p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> = 6 and an auxiliary winding required for starting. During switchover from the low-speed winding to the high-speed winding, and vice versa, lasting less than a few milliseconds, small electrical torque and speed transients occur. Relying on closed-loop speed control, a smooth speed response is measured. This concept is, therefore, applicable to variable-speed drives, where a large speed range is desirable. Test data indicate that a speed-control range from 600 to 4000 r/min is obtainable with a single-phase induction motor.
Minimally invasive monitoring of CD4 T cells at multiple mucosal tissues after intranasal vaccination in rhesus macaques (2017)

Studies in nonhuman primates (NHP) for prospective immune cell monitoring subsequent to infection and/or vaccination usually rely on periodic sampling of the blood samples with only occasional collections of biopsies from mucosal tissues because of safety concerns and practical constraints. Here we present evidence in support of cytobrush sampling of oral, rectal, and genital mucosal tissues as a minimally invasive approach for the phenotypic analyses of different T cells subsets de novo as well as prospectively after intranasal immunization in rhesus macaques. Significant percentages of viable lymphocytes were obtained consistently from both naïve and chronically SIV-infected rhesus macaques. The percentages of CD3+ T cells in the blood were significantly higher compared to those in the mucosal tissues analyzed in the naïve animals, while in the SIV+ animals the CD3+ T cells were significantly elevated in the rectal tissues, relative to all other sites analyzed. In the naïve, but not SIV+ macaques, the rectal and vaginal mucosal tissues, compared to oral mucosa and blood, showed higher diversity and percentages of CD4+ T cells expressing the HIV entry co-receptor CCR5 and mucosal specific adhesion (CD103) as well as activation (HLA-DR) and proliferation (Ki67) markers. Sequential daily cytobrush sampling from the oral, rectal, and genital mucosal tissues was performed in SIV+ animals from an ongoing study where they were administered intranasal immunization with adenoviral vectored vaccines incorporating the green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene. We detected a transient increase in GFP+ CD4 T cells in only oral mucosa suggesting limited mucosal trafficking. In general, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing Ki67 transiently increased in all mucosal tissues, but those expressing the CCR5, HLA-DR, and CD103 markers exhibited minor changes. We propose the minimally invasive cytobrush sampling as a practical approach for effective and prospective immune monitoring of the oral-genital mucosal tissues in NHP.
Does early micromotion of femoral stem prostheses matter? 4-7-year stereoradiographic follow-up of 84 cemented prostheses (1994)

Roentgen stereophotogrammetry was used to measure the migration of the centre of the femoral head in 84 cemented Lubinus SP I hip arthroplasties (58 primary operations, 26 revisions). Four to seven years later, seven femoral components had been revised because of painful loosening. These implants showed greater subsidence, medial migration and posterior migration during the first two postoperative years than did the hips which had not been revised. Six months after operation, subsidence of more than 0.33 mm combined with a total migration of more than 0.85 mm predicted an increased risk of subsequent revision; the amount of subsidence at two years was an even better predictor. The probability of revision was greater than 50% if the subsidence at two years was 1.2 mm or more.
Macrocyclic chemistry in the gas phase: intrinsic cation affinities and complexation rates for alkali metal cation complexes of crown ethers and glymes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMacrocyclic chemistry in the gas phase: intrinsic cation affinities and complexation rates for alkali metal cation complexes of crown ethers and glymesIn-Hou Chu, Hong Zhang, and David V. DeardenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 13, 5736–5744Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00066a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00066a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views641Altmetric-Citations122LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metabolic Effects of Arginine in a Healthy Elderly Population (1995)

Recently there has been much interest in the use of arginine to stimulate immune responses and to promote wound healing. In the present study, the effect of an oral supplementation with arginine on the metabolism of 45 healthy, nonsmoking, elderly volunteers was investigated. Subjects were divided into two groups that received either arginine aspartate (17 g free arginine) (n = 30) or a placebo (n = 15). The supplements were taken for a period of 14 days. Dietary intake of food was not controlled. Blood chemistry, lipid profiles, and as an index of nutritional status, serum insulin-like growth factor-1 levels and nitrogen balance were compared before and after supplementation. Two weeks of arginine supplementation led to a significant elevation of serum insulin-like growth factor concentrations and an improved and positive nitrogen balance (2.0 +/- 0.41 g N) when compared with controls (0.11 +/- 0.47 g N; p = 0.0114). In addition the arginine-supplemented group demonstrated a decreased total serum cholesterol with a reduction in the low-density lipoprotein but not the high-density lipoprotein fraction resulting in a increase in the ratio of low- to high-density lipoprotein fraction. No adverse effects were observed at this dosage of arginine. The data suggest that oral arginine supplementation may be used safely in elderly humans.
Correlation between 5‐HT Content and Uptake Site Density following (<i>S</i>)‐MDMA and Dexfenfluramine‐induced Depletion, and with Neuroprotection by the Glycine Site‐specific NMDA Antagonist ACEA 1021 (2000)

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and fenfluramine are amphetamine analogues that both cause long-term depletion of serotonin (5-HT) and 5-HT uptake sites in brain tissue. Depletion caused by these amphetamines is commonly measured by labeling 5-HT uptake sites using 3H-paroxetine combined with autoradiography or, alternatively measuring the concentration of 5-HT in tissue using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A close correlation between the 5-HT concentration measured in micropunch samples and the density of 3H-paroxetine-labeled 5-HT uptake sites measured in corresponding 20 micron coronal slices was determined (R2 = 0.92). These methods combined demonstrated that the glycine-site specific NMDA antagonist ACEA 1021 (4 x 30 mg/kg, i.p., 2 hourly) given 30 minutes before (S)-MDMA (4 x 10 mg/kg, i.p., 2 hourly) was able to prevent the depletion of both 5-HT content and uptake site density but unable to prevent the depletion of 5-HT content and uptake site density caused dexfenfluramine (4 x 15 mg/kg, i.p., 2 hourly).
Microtubule alterations and resistance to tubulin-binding agents (Review) (2002)

Antimitotic agents that bind to tubulin and disrupt microtubule dynamics, such as vinca alkaloids and taxanes, are an integral part of the treatment of many human cancers. Unfortunately the clinical success of these agents can be severely hindered by the emergence of drug resistant tumour cells. In recent years interest has focused on alterations in the cellular target of antimicrotubule compounds, the tubulin/ microtubule system, and their role in drug resistance. This review will discuss tubulin/microtubule alterations associated with resistance to tubulin-binding agents. Novel antimicrotubule compounds that hold promise in the treatment of drug-resistant disease and are currently undergoing clinical evaluation will also be reviewed.
Nuclear factor‐κB signalling and transcriptional regulation in skeletal muscle atrophy (2012)

The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signalling pathway is a necessary component of adult skeletal muscle atrophy resulting from systemic illnesses or disuse. Studies showing a role for the NF-κB pathway in muscle disuse include unloading, denervation and immobilization, and studies showing a role for NF-κB in systemic illnesses include cancer, chronic heart failure and acute septic lung injury. Muscle atrophy due to most of these triggers is associated with activation of NF-κB transcriptional activity. With the exception of muscle unloading, however, there is a paucity of data on the NF-κB transcription factors that regulate muscle atrophy, and little is known about which genes are targeted by NF-κB transcription factors during atrophy. Interestingly, in some cases it appears that the amelioration of muscle atrophy by genetic inhibition of NF-κB signalling proteins is due to effects that are independent of the downstream NF-κB transcription factors. These questions are prime areas for investigation if we are to understand a key component of muscle wasting in adult skeletal muscle.
Elizabeth Browne, m. 1760 (1954)

Journal Article Elizabeth Browne, m. 1760 Get access F. E. Brook F. E. Brook Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 199, Issue dec, 1 December 1954, Page 543, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/197.dec.543b Published: 01 December 1954
Three Nested Kalman Filters-Based Algorithm for Real-Time Estimation of Optical Flow, UAV Motion and Obstacles Detection (2007)

We aim at developing a vision-based autopilot for autonomous small aerial vehicle applications. This paper presents a new approach for the estimation of optical flow, aircraft motion and scene structure (range map), using monocular vision and inertial data. The proposed algorithm is based on 3 nested Kalman filters (3NKF) and results in an efficient and robust estimation process. The 3NKF-based algorithm was tested extensively in simulation using synthetic images, and in real-time experiments.
Discovering Primary Objects in Videos by Saliency Fusion and Iterative Appearance Estimation (2015)

In this paper, we propose a new method for detecting primary objects in unconstrained videos in a completely automatic setting. Here, we define the primary object in a video as the object that presents saliently in most of the frames. Unlike previous works considering only local saliency detection or common pattern discovery, the proposed method integrates the local visual/motion saliency extracted from each frame, global appearance consistency throughout the video, and spatiotemporal smoothness constraint on object trajectories. We first identify a temporal coherent salient region throughout the whole video, and then explicitly learn a global appearance model to distinguish the primary object against the background. In order to obtain high-quality saliency estimations from both appearance and motion cues, we propose a novel self-adaptive saliency map fusion method by learning the reliability of saliency maps from labeled data. As a whole, our method can robustly localize and track primary objects in diverse video content, and handle the challenges such as fast object and camera motion, large scale and appearance variation, background clutter, and pose deformation. Moreover, compared with some existing approaches that assume the object is present in all the frames, our approach can naturally handle the case where the object is present only in part of the frames, e.g., the object enters the scene in the middle of the video or leaves the scene before the video ends. We also propose a new video data set containing 51 videos for primary object detection with per-frame ground-truth labeling. Quantitative experiments on several challenging video data sets demonstrate the superiority of our method compared with the recent state of the arts.
Cellular Innate Immunity and Restriction of Viral Infection: Implications for Lentiviral Gene Therapy in Human Hematopoietic Cells (2015)

Hematopoietic gene therapy has tremendous potential to treat human disease. Nevertheless, for gene therapy to be efficacious, effective gene transfer into target cells must be reached without inducing detrimental effects on their biological properties. This remains a great challenge for the field as high vector doses and prolonged ex vivo culture conditions are still required to reach significant transduction levels of clinically relevant human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), while other potential target cells such as primary macrophages can hardly be transduced. The reasons behind poor permissiveness of primary human hematopoietic cells to gene transfer partly reside in the retroviral origin of lentiviral vectors (LVs). In particular, host antiviral factors referred to as restriction factors targeting the retroviral life cycle can hamper LV transduction efficiency. Furthermore, LVs may activate innate immune sensors not only in differentiated hematopoietic cells but also in HSPCs, with potential consequences on transduction efficiency as well as their biological properties. Therefore, better understanding of the vector-host interactions in the context of hematopoietic gene transfer is important for the development of safer and more efficient gene therapy strategies. In this review, we briefly summarize the current knowledge regarding innate immune recognition of lentiviruses in primary human hematopoietic cells as well as discuss its relevance for LV-based ex vivo gene therapy approaches.
Simple Instructions for using Pressurized Aerosol Bronchodilators<sup>1</sup> (1980)

Although the manufacturers of pressurized aerosol bonchodilators issue instructions for using the inhalers, little or no experimental verification exists. Bronchodilatation has been measured after controlled inhalations of 500 μg terbutaline sulphate given in a systematic series of investigations to 8 patients with reversible airways obstruction at 2 different inhalation flow rates (25 1/min and 80 1/min), 3 different lung volumes (20%, 50% and 80% vital capacity) and followed by 2 different breath-holding pauses (4 and 10 seconds). The results indicate that patients may release the aerosol at any time during the course of a slow deep inhalation which should be followed by 10 seconds of breath-holding. This will ensure an optimal bronchodilator response.
An Approach to Context-Aware Mobile Chinese Language Learning for Foreign Students (2009)

In recent years, there are a large number of foreign students coming to learn Chinese language. However due to the characters of Chinese language, it is usually difficult for them to learn. In order to provide a suitable mobile environment to learn Chinese language for foreign students, this paper presents an approach to context-aware mobile chinese language learning (CAMCLL) for foreign students. The idea of CAMCLL approach is, to provide service guide for foreign students when they are out of school, and moreover the form of service will be provided as suitable sentences towards achieving the real world Chinese language practice. The architecture of CAMCLL is introduced. A context model including four contexts (time, location, activity, and learner level) is proposed. The ontology-based matching with the combination of rule-based matching is a special feature in building matching mechanism. The approach discussed will enhance the Chinese language learning efficiency and effects for foreign students.
Introduction (2001)

Abstract The chapter introduces the core arguments of the book: that the welfare state exists not only to relieve poverty (the ‘Robin Hood’ function) but also to provide insurance and consumption smoothing over the life cycle (the ‘piggy‐bank’ function). The latter is the focus of this book, which discusses insurance (unemployment insurance, medical insurance, long‐term care insurance), pensions (i.e. redistribution from one's younger to one's older self) and education finance, notably student loans (i.e. redistribution from one's older to one's younger self). The state has a major role in these areas because private institutions face problems of imperfect information, risk, and uncertainty.
Traditional topological indexes vs electronic, geometrical, and combined molecular descriptors in QSAR/QSPR research (1993)

A comparison of the performance of molecular descriptors of different types was conducted. The study was concentrated on determining which descriptors are included in the best linear multivariate regression models constructed for modeling various physicochemical properties (melting point, boiling point, refractive index, molar volume, and density) and biological activities (anaesthetic activity, narcotic activity, sweetness intensity). A total of 84 molecular descriptors published over the past 2 decades was included in this study, plus some of their normalized and squared forms. It was shown that, for the estimation of physicochemical properties, the best small regression models with one to four parameters are mainly comprised of "classical" topological indices such as the Randić index, Wiener index, and molecular connectivity indices. For the correlation of biological activity, combinations of topological indices with geometrical descriptors produced regression models of the best quality. In-house developed software was used for generation of the molecular descriptors (the GROUND program) and for the statistical QSAR/QSPR analysis (the GROUNDSTAT program).
Calculating similarity between texts using graph-based text representation model (2004)

Knowledge discovery from a large volumes of texts usually requires many complex analysis steps. The graph-based text representation model has been proposed to simplify the steps. The model represents texts in a formal manner, Subject Graphs, and provides text handling operations whose inputs and outputs are identical in form, i.e. a set of subject graphs, so they can be combined in any order. A subject graph uses node weight to represent the significance of each term, and link weight to represent that of each term-term association. This paper concentrates on the algorithms for making subject graphs and calculating the similarity between them. An evaluation shows that Subject Graphs can calculate the similarity between texts more precisely than term vectors, since they incorporate the significance of association between terms.
A review: additive manufacturing for active electronic components (2016)

Fabrication of fully functional devices is one of the ultimate goals of additive manufacturing technology. In order to achieve this goal, a critical step is to fabricate electronic components using fully additive methods. Although there are still numerous roadblocks that need to be overcome towards this goal, research activities in the field of additive manufacturing for electronic components in general, and for active components in particular, are progressing at a considerable pace and have been achieving significant successes. The purpose of this review is, therefore, to consolidate recent developments in this exciting field. Such developments include fully additive manufacturing methods for active components such as transistors, light-emitting diodes, and batteries. We discuss and compare the advantages, as well as disadvantages, of these methods. We also discuss major challenges that need to be addressed in the roadmap for additive manufacturing of active components.
Justice and the Allocation of Benefits from Water (2008)

As the limitations to Australia's water resources are becoming better understood the issues relating to water allocation are becoming more complex and contested. There is a need to interpret them in the context of the social functions of water. There are two important questions that need to be resolved in this regard. What exactly are we allocating and by what framework can we judge the justice of this allocation. In examining the first issue we suggest that water resource negotiations need to move from a quantity (or gigalitre) approach to one of understanding the benefits that alternative water allocation policies can bring. We define Water Benefits as the ways in which water promotes or diminishes wellbeing in all domains both utilitarian and non utilitarian. We acknowledge that the same quantity of water can deliver multiple benefits as it moves through a catchment which makes it a difficult commodity for economic analysis. In answering the second question we examine Australian studies of lay ethics and common priorities for alternative uses to establish a methodological approach for evaluating the fairness of alternative allocation policies. This can be applied at both local and regional levels. The article concludes by demonstrating that there is ample opportunity for combining the benefits assessment with the systematic application of social justice analysis within the public discussion needed for procedurally just water reform. In this way the negotiations and conflict management accompanying water reform can be more accountable and systematically implemented than is currently the case.
Performance of a large, CW, preexcited CO supersonic laser (1977)

The performance of a CO laser having electrical excitation by a continuously operating, self-sustained glow discharge in a high-pressure gas mixture followed by a supersonic expansion to the cavity region has been studied. A threshold for lasing was found which corresponded to 0.035 eV of input energy per CO molecule. Beyond this, nearly 15 percent of the additional energy was extracted by the resonator. The total power reached 940 W with a maximum electrooptical efficiency of 13.7 percent and a specific power of 17 kJ/lb. The vibrational population distribution of the CO in the cavity, with and without lasing, was determined from the overtone emission spectrum. The data indicated a significant loss of vibrational energy during expansion.
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEIC ACID RELATED COMPOUNDS. 31. SMOOTH AND EFFICIENT PALLADIUM‐COPPER CATALYZED COUPLING OF TERMINAL ALKYNES WITH 5‐IODOURACIL NUCLEOSIDES (1981)

Abstract Das 5‐Ioduracil (I) bzw. das entsprechende Desoxyuridin (V) werden mit den Acetylenen (II) in Gegenwart von Pd‐Cu‐Katalysatoren zu (III) bzw. (VI) kondensiert.