gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional Differences in Engineered Myocardium from Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived versus Neonatal Cardiomyocytes (2013)

Stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes represent unique tools for cell- and tissue-based regenerative therapies, drug discovery and safety, and studies of fundamental heart-failure mechanisms. However, the degree to which stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes compare to mature cardiomyocytes is often debated. We reasoned that physiological metrics of engineered cardiac tissues offer a means of comparison. We built laminar myocardium engineered from cardiomyocytes that were differentiated from mouse embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac progenitors or harvested directly from neonatal mouse ventricles, and compared their anatomy and physiology in vitro. Tissues assembled from progenitor-derived myocytes and neonate myocytes demonstrated similar cytoskeletal architectures but different gap junction organization and electromechanical properties. Progenitor-derived myocardium had significantly less contractile stress and slower longitudinal conduction velocity than neonate-derived myocardium, indicating that the developmental state of the cardiomyocytes affects the electromechanical function of the resultant engineered tissue. These data suggest a need to establish performance metrics for future stem cell applications.
Design of Protein–Peptide Interaction Modules for Assembling Supramolecular Structures <i>in Vivo</i> and <i>in Vitro</i> (2015)

Synthetic biology and protein origami both require protein building blocks that behave in a reliable, predictable fashion. In particular, we require protein interaction modules with known specificity and affinity. Here, we describe three designed TRAP (Tetratricopeptide Repeat Affinity Protein)-peptide interaction pairs that are functional in vivo. We show that each TRAP binds to its cognate peptide and exhibits low cross-reactivity with the peptides bound by the other TRAPs. In addition, we demonstrate that the TRAP-peptide interactions are functional in many cellular contexts. In extensions of these designs, we show that the binding affinity of a TRAP-peptide pair can be systematically varied. The TRAP-peptide pairs we present thus represent a powerful set of new building blocks that are suitable for a variety of applications.
Intranasal immunization with GBS surface protein Sip and ScpB induces specific mucosal and systemic immune responses in mice (2009)

Sip and ScpB are highly conserved among strains of Group B Streptococcus (GBS). Thus, the two proteins are attractive antigens for inclusion in a vaccine against GBS. In this study, we constructed and expressed the two proteins, and investigated their specific mucosal immune responses against GBS induced by intranasal immunization with cholera toxin (CT) and CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODNs). Intranasal immunization with different doses of recombinant Sip and ScpB all elicited specific antibodies in serum and vagina of mice. A combination of rSip and rScpB with either CT or CpG-ODN elicited specific antibodies in serum and vaginal samples. Th1 responses were enhanced by CpG and CT. Sera from the mice group intranasally immunized with rSip+CT, rScpB+CT, rSip+rScpB+CT, and rSip+rScpB+CpG also showed bactericidal activity compared with the serum of the control group. The current findings suggest that rSip and rScpB would be useful antigens as a vaccine component to induce protective immune responses against GBS, and CpG-ODN could be used as an effective mucosal adjuvant in inducing a good mucosal immune response. The use of an intranasal vaccine composed of different surface protein antigens is an attractive strategy for the development of a vaccine against GBS.
Effects of the P‐Selectin Antagonist Inclacumab on Myocardial Damage After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention According to Timing of Infusion: Insights From the SELECT‐ACS Trial (2016)

URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01327183.
The stability of viscous fluid flow between rotating cylinders (1937)

The stability of the motion of viscous incompressible fluid, of density ρ and kinematic viscosity ν, between two infinitely long coaxial circular cylinders, of radii a and a + d , where d / a is small, is investigated mathematically by the method of small oscillations. The inner cylinder is rotating with angular velocity ω and the outer one with angular velocity αω, and there is a constant pressure gradient parallel to the axis. The fluid therefore has a component velocity W parallel to the axis, in addition to the velocity round the axis. A disturbance is assumed which is symmetrical about the axis and periodic along it. The critical disturbance, which neither increases nor decreases with the time, is periodic with respect to the time (except when W = 0, when the critical disturbance is a steady motion). As Reynolds number of the flow we take | | d /ν, where is the average value of W across the annulus, and we denote by l the wave-length of the disturbance along the axis, by σ/2π the time period of the critical flow, by c the wavelength of the critical flow, by ω c the critical value of ω, and we put approximately, if α is not nearly equal to 1.
An efficient timing synchronization scheme for asymmetrically clipped optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems using implicit training (2010)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) can effectively improve the information transfer speed and has the robustness for multipath dispersion. OFDM is a promising technology for optical communications. An efficient timing synchronization scheme for asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (ACO-OFDM)-based optical wireless communications systems with implicit training is proposed. The pseudo-noise (PN) sequence modulated by ACO-OFDM as training sequence is sent synchronously with a data symbol in the same symbol cycle. By using local sequence and the received signal correlation operation, receiver accumulates the energy of the implicit training to achieve timing synchronization. Via simulation, both in line of sight (LOS) and diffuse channel, the proposed scheme also has better synchronization accuracy, less timing offset estimator variance. And it has the flexibility of time and power allocation, and it is able to improve the bandwidth efficiency.
Electroplating High Aspect Ratio Through Holes in Thick Printed Circuit Boards (1990)

SummaryPlating small diameter through holes in thick PC boards that utilize SMT poses a difficult technical challenge. The research reported in this paper has optimized the acid copper bath inorganic and additive chemistry to enable these boards to be plated. Boards 5.8 mm thick with 18:1 aspect ratio holes were plated to give a hole:surface thickness ratio of 0.80:1 at a current density of 1.1 A/dm2. Levelling and deposit mechanical properties are excellent. Recommendations for PTH electroless and electrolytic plating processes, equipment, and controls to enable successful plating of high aspect ratio through holes are given.
[Separation of enantiomeric labetalol by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography]. (1999)

A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for the separation of labetalol enantiomers was developed. In the method, 2, 3, 4, 6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl isothiocyanate (GITC) was chosen as the reagent for pre-column chiral derivatization of labetalol to give four diastereomeric thiourea derivatives. These derivatives were efficiently separated on a Nova-Pak C18 column using V(MeOH):V(0.01 mol.L-1(pH 7.00) H2PO4(-)-HPO(4)2- buffer) = 51:49 as the mobile phase and detected by UV detector at a wavelength of 250 nm or fluorescence detector at lambda ex = 340 nm and lambda em = 440 nm. The effects of the pH of mobile phase on the retention and fluorescence absorbance are also discussed.
Phosphoramidates as Reactive Fire-Retardant Polymer Modifiers (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhosphoramidates as Reactive Fire-Retardant Polymer ModifiersBruce N. Wilson, Irving Gordon, and Raymond R. HindersinnCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1974, 13, 1, 85–89Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360049a017https://doi.org/10.1021/i360049a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views258Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Fused quinoline heterocycles VIII. Synthesis of polyfunctionally substituted pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-4(5H)-ones (2008)

Reaction of 2,4-dichloroquinoline-3-carbonitrile (1) with 4-methylpiperidine gave 2-chloro-4-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)quinoline-3-carbonitrile (2). Acid hydrolysis of 2 afforded the corresponding 2-quinolinones 3, which were N-alkylated in DMF to form the 1-methyl, -ethyl and -phenacyl quinolinones 6a–c. Fusion of 6a–c with hydrazine hydrate gave the 3-aminopyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-4-ones 8a–c. Diazotisation of 8a,b followed by reaction with sodium azide afforded the novel 3-azidopyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-4-ones 9a,b.
Preparation and Transmetallation of a Triphenylstannyl β‐<scp>D</scp>‐Glucopyranoside: A highly stereoselective route to β‐<scp>D</scp>‐<i>C</i>‐glycosides <i>via</i> glycosyl dianions (1994)

Abstract The triphenylstannyl β‐ D ‐glucopyranoside 4 was synthesized in one step from the 1,2‐anhydro‐α‐ D ‐glucopyranose 3 with (triphenylstannyl)lithium ( Scheme 1 ). Transmetallation of 4 with excess BuLi, followed by quenching the dianion 7 with CD 3 OD gave (1 S )‐1,5‐anhydro‐3,4,6‐tri‐ O ‐benzyl‐[1‐ 2 H]‐ D ‐ glucitol ( 8 ) in 81% yield ( Scheme 2 ). Trapping of 7 with benzaldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, or acroleine gave the expected β‐ D ‐configurated products 11, 12 , and 13 in good yields. Preparation of C ‐acyl glycosides from acid chlorides, such as acetyl or benzoyl chloride was not practicable, but addition of benzonitrile to 7 yielded 84% of the benzoylated product 14 . Treatment of 7 with MeI led to 15 (30%) along with 40% of 18 , C ‐alkylation being accompanied by halogen‐metal exchange. Prior addition of lithium 2‐thienylcyanocuprate increased the yield of 15 to 50% and using dimethyl sulfate instead of MeI led to 77% of 15 . No α‐ D ‐anomers could be detected, except with allyl bromide as the electrophile, which yielded in a 1:1 mixture of the anomers 16 and 17 .
A low cost cell calibration technique and its PC based control software (2002)

In this study, a technique is presented to measure the absolute position of a robot and any other strategic positions within the workcell, and also its specially built control software. One of the most important factors affecting the absolute or world accuracy of robots is the variation in arm geometry from a perfect kinematics form. Since arm position is essentially controlled by means of joint angles, Cartesian co-ordinates of the tool centre point are derived from the forward kinematics transform equations assuming a perfect kinematics form. Any deviation from this perfect case will result in world positional errors and hence, for effective off-line programming it is important to calibrate the real robot hardware against the virtual model used by the robot simulation computer systems. This paper reports on work carried out in developing such a low cost calibration technique, its PC based control software and performance monitoring systems.
A System Verilog Rewriting System for RTL Abstraction with Pentium Case Study (2008)

This paper presents a new tool for SystemVerilog RTL modifications with on-the-fly validation of local RTL changes. The tool, SV-rewrite, imports an initial version of SystemVerilog RTL and elaborates it into a hierarchical design description visualized as structural diagrams. From the design cockpit the user can select any set of visualized components, open a favorite text editor, modify then validate the new RTL description, and finally substitute this new rewritten RTL into the larger model to replace the originally selected components. This process of local validated rewrites can be repeated until the entire RTL is safely rewritten. We studied RTL abstraction using SV-rewrite to abstract the Pentium 80602 (P54CS) integer execution unit and register file. We have produced a significantly more readable RTL that is 2 to 3 times smaller than the original one. The abstracted RTL was validated by booting Linux on an FPGA-based emulation platform.
Extension of Pulse-Sequence-Analysis for evaluating insulation PD characteristics (2009)

Pulse Sequence Analysis, (PSA), has been used as a tool in the analysis of partial discharge activity for some time. In PSA, captured sequential discharge data is analyzed and used in a number of formats in an effort to determine defect types, both manually and automatically. This paper uses standard voltage differential scatter plots to present the results from tests using three basic defect geometries in air, i.e. a needle and open ground plane, a needle and mica covered ground plane and a needle and polyethylene covered ground plane. Variations in the plots obtained, with increasing supply voltage, are shown for each defect configuration. Based on an examination of the pulse group characteristics obtained for each defect type, a novel 3D variation of the standard scatter plot is presented and variations in the resultant plots detailed.
Abstract IA7: Somatic genome alterations in human lung cancers (2012)

Abstract Cancer is a disease of the genome. High-throughput genome analysis tools now enable the detection of somatic alterations in cancer cells including point mutations, copy number alterations, translocations, and infections. Our approaches include next-generation sequencing of cancer genomes, exomes, and transcriptomes as well as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) array analysis of copy number. As part of “The Cancer Genome Atlas” or TCGA project of the National Institutes of Health, which aims to characterize the genomes of 10,000 human cancers, we are performing genomic analysis of lung carcinomas. In this presentation, I will discuss analysis of the genomes of squamous cell lung carcinomas. New results regarding mutations, genomic structure, and classification will be presented.
World-wide distribution of genetic variation among isolates of Beauveria spp. (1992)

Genetic variation among isolates of Beauveria spp. was defined by an analysis of electrophoretically demonstrable allelic variations of allozyme coding genes. One hundred and forty-six isolates from diverse geographical locations were assigned to forty-seven distinctive genotypic classes. Clustering analysis demonstrated that four morphological species (B. brongniartii, B. vermiconia, B. caledonica and Tolypocladium cylindrosporum) were genetically distinct from each other. However, with the exception of B. brongniartii, which clustered separately with B. amorpha, they were not clearly resolved from lines of B. bassiana. The level of genetic distance shown between cluster groups of B. bassiana indicated that it represents a species aggregate, components of which display overlapping genetic variability with isolates currently assigned to other species. All isolates were homozygous at each locus, consistent with haploidy, except for B. caledonica, which was heterozygous at one of the four loci. In spite of the maintenance of high diversity in B. bassiana, three geographically widespread genotypic classes were found to contain the majority of isolates. This suggests that, in many situations, B. bassiana exists with a clonal population structure. Various other aspects of the allozyme data (the magnitude of genetic distances between populations, gene diversity, and the pattern of distribution of genotypic classes) indicate that chromosomal recombination between different genotypes of B. bassiana spp. is rare or absent.
Fluxgate magnetometer for space application (1964)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> Integrin‐targeting radionuclide therapy and imaging with monomeric RGD peptide (2008)

The alpha(v)beta(3) integrin plays a pivotal role in angiogenesis and tumor metastasis. Angiogenic blood vessels overexpress alpha(v)beta(3) integrin, as in tumor neovascularization, and alpha(v)beta(3) integrin expression in other microvascular beds and organs is limited. Therefore, alpha(v)beta(3) integrin is a suitable receptor for tumor-targeting imaging and therapy. Recently, tetrameric and dimeric RGD peptides have been developed to enhance specificity to alpha(v)beta(3) integrin. In comparison to the corresponding monomeric peptide, however, these peptides show high levels of accumulation in kidney and liver. The purpose of this study is to evaluate tumor-targeting properties and the therapeutic potential of 111In- and 90Y-labeled monomeric RGD peptides in BALB/c nude mice with SKOV-3 human ovarian carcinoma tumors. DOTA-c(RGDfK) was labeled with 111In or 90Y and purified by HPLC. A biodistribution study and scintigraphic images revealed the specific uptake to alpha(v)beta(3) integrin and the rapid clearance from normal tissues. These peptides were renally excreted. At 10 min after injection of tracers, 111In-DOTA-c(RGDfK) and 90Y-DOTA-c(RGDfK) showed high uptake in tumors (7.3 +/- 0.6% ID/g and 4.6 +/- 0.8% ID/g, respectively) and gradually decreased over time (2.3 +/- 0.4% ID/g and 1.5 +/- 0.5% ID/g at 24 hr, respectively). High tumor-to-blood and -muscle ratios were obtained from these peptides. In radionuclide therapeutic study, multiple-dose administration of 90Y-DOTA-c(RGDfK) (3 x 11.1 MBq) suppressed tumor growth in comparison to the control group and a single-dose administration (11.1 MBq). Monomeric RGD peptides, 111In-DOTA-c(RGDfK) and (90)Y-DOTA-c(RGDfK), could be promising tracers for alpha(v)beta(3) integrin-targeting imaging and radiotherapy.
Video object-based watermarking: a rotation and flipping resilient scheme (2002)

Video object (VO) is a very important concept in the MPEG-4 standard. Video objects may be purposely cut and pasted for illegal use. A robust watermarking scheme for video object protection is proposed. For each segmented video object, a watermark is embedded by a new technology whose design is based on the concept of communications with side information. To solve the asynchronous problem caused by object placement, we propose to use eigenvectors of a video object for synchronization of rotation and flipping. Preliminary results have demonstrated the robustness of the proposed method.
Amyloid‐β up‐regulates complement factor B in retinal pigment epithelial cells through cytokines released from recruited macrophages/microglia: Another mechanism of complement activation in age‐related macular degeneration (2009)

One of the earliest signs of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the formation of drusen which are extracellular deposits beneath the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). To investigate the relationship between drusen and AMD, we focused on amyloid beta (Abeta), a major component of drusen and also of senile plaques in the brain of Alzheimer's patients. We previously reported that Abeta was accumulated in drusen-like structure in senescent neprilysin gene-disrupted mice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of Abeta on factor B, the main activator of the complement alternative pathway. The results showed that Abeta did not directly modulate factor B expression in RPE cells, but increased the production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Abeta also increased the production of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in macrophages/microglia, and exposure of RPE cells to IL-1beta and TNF-alpha significantly up-regulated factor B. Co-cultures of RPE cells and macrophages/microglia in the presence of Abeta significantly increased the expression of factor B in RPE. These findings indicate that cytokines produced by macrophages/microglia that were recruited by MCP-1 produced in RPE cells stimulated by Abeta up-regulate factor B in RPE cells. Thus, a combined mechanism exists for Abeta-induced for the activation of the complement alternative pathway in the subretinal space; cytokine-induced up-regulation of activator factor B and dysfunction of the inhibitor factor I by direct binding to Abeta as suggested in our earlier study.
A Lens Antenna with Reconfigurable Beams for mmWave Wind Profile Radar (2022)

Wind profile radar systems require antennas with multiple radiation beams for detecting wind velocity, as well as with a low sidelobe and dual polarization for enhancing the sensitivity for the weak signal reflected from the turbulence. This paper proposes a lens antenna operating at 24 GHz with four reconfigurable beams for wind profile radars. This lens antenna includes 2 × 2 corrugated horn antennas for radiating 24 GHz waves in two polarizations, and the dielectric lens for modulating four radiation beams with a high gain and low sidelobe. Experiments demonstrate that this lens antenna can realize reconfigurable beams with deflections of ±15° in dual polarizations, meanwhile with the gain of 30.58 dBi and the sidelobe of -20 dB. This proposed lens antenna can be applied to mmWave wind profile radars of wind turbines for enhancing wind power efficiency.
Comparative Performance of Thermoacoustic Heat Exchangers with Different Pore Geometries in Oscillatory Flow. Implementation of Experimental Techniques (2017)

Heat exchangers (HXs) constitute key components of thermoacoustic devices and play an important role in determining the overall engine performance. In oscillatory flow conditions, however, standard heat transfer correlations for steady flows cannot be directly applied to thermoacoustic HXs, for which reliable and univocal design criteria are still lacking. This work is concerned with the initial stage of a research aimed at studying the thermal performance of thermoacoustic HXs. The paper reports a detailed discussion of the design and fabrication of the experimental set-up, measurement methodology and test-HXs characterized by two different pore geometries, namely a circular pore geometry and a rectangular (i.e., straight fins) pore geometry. The test rig is constituted by a standing wave engine where the test HXs play the role of ambient HXs. The experiment is conceived to allow the variation of a range of testing conditions such as drive ratio, operation frequency, acoustic particle velocity, etc. The procedure for estimating the gas side heat transfer coefficient for the two involved geometries is described. Some preliminary experimental results concerning the HX with straight fins are also shown. The present research could help in achieving a deeper understanding of the heat transfer processes affecting HXs under oscillating flow regime and in developing design optimization procedures.