gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Broad-Spectrum Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Potential of a Peptide HIV Type 1 Entry Inhibitor (2007)

The AIDS epidemic continues to spread at an alarming rate worldwide, especially in developing countries. One approach to solving this problem is the generation of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) compounds with inhibition spectra broad enough to include globally prevailing forms of the virus. We have examined the HIV type 1 (HIV-1) envelope specificity of a recently identified entry inhibitor candidate, HNG-105, using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and pseudovirus inhibition assays. The combined results suggest that the HNG-105 molecule may be effective across the HIV-1 subtypes, and they highlight its potential as a lead for developing therapeutic and microbicidal agents to help combat the spread of AIDS.
Treatment Modalities for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2005)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, accounting for approximately 5 to 10% of all cancers. It is estimated to cause approximately 1 million deaths annually. Currently, no adjuvant or palliative treatment modalities have been conclusively shown to prolong survival in HCC. Despite the high mortality and frequency of this cancer, surgical resection is an option for only a small proportion of patients, less than 18%. Liver cirrhosis is the most common cause of HCC and necessitates the preservation as much liver as possible, resulting in local ablation, intra-arterial and systemic treatments being major therapeutic modalities. Through better understanding of the molecular basis of hepatocarcinogenesis, new preventative and treatment modalities have recently emerged. This article reviews the current treatment options and new therapeutic advances for HCC including antiangiogenesis therapy, targeted therapy and antisense gene targeting. Future clinical trials and research will help to evaluate and improve both systemic and targeted molecular therapies for this complex disease.
UxV-Based Deep-Learning-Integrated Automated and Secure Garbage Management Scheme Using Blockchain (2022)

This article presents a deep learning (DL) model integrated automated and secure garbage management scheme using unmanned any vehicle (UxV) to minimize the human effort in terms of the traditional garbage management system. Different kinds of UxV (unmanned aerial vehicles, automated guided vehicles, unmanned surface vehicles, unmanned underwater vehicles, etc.) are utilized to establish an automated garbage management scheme to collect and place the garbage both from the ground and sea surfaces. However, due to the limited battery capacity and inadequate resources of different UxV, a lightweight DL model is developed to detect the garbage successfully with a higher accuracy rate. The proposed lightweight DL model uses two activation functions named MISH and rectified linear unit to enhance the feature extraction and detect the garbage. Moreover, a multiaccess edge computing (MEC) server is allocated in the proposed scheme to improve the Quality of Service (QoS) (i.e., reduce latency and improve security). Furthermore, a blockchain-based secure hazardous garbage (e.g., infectious, toxic, or radioactive materials) tracking technique is concluded in this scheme to identify the individual and reduce the potential harm to the environment. Experimental results demonstrate that the UxV can successfully detect the garbage using the proposed lightweight DL model within a minimum time frame and the obtained accuracy is higher than the other existing DL models. Besides, QoS has been investigated to verify the efficacy of the proposed scheme. Finally, a private blockchain network is established to demonstrate the performance of the proposed hazardous garbage tracking technique.
Expression of p300 and CBP is associated with poor prognosis in small cell lung cancer. (2014)

High p300 and CBP expression are independent prognostic markers of poor overall survival for resected SCLC patients. The combination of p300 and CBP expression may be useful in identifying patients with increased risks of cancer recurrence of SCLC.
Efficient O-Glycosylation of Triterpenes Enabled by Protein Engineering of Plant Glycosyltransferase UGT74AC1 (2019)

Triterpene O-glycosylation has attracted significant interest from the pharmaceutical industry as a valuable means for drug design and development. Plant glycosyltransferases, which catalyze this g...
[Preliminary study on pharmacologic action of Ligustrum japonicum]. (1994)

The results of treatment with the Ligustrum japonicum Thunb. Var. Pubescens Koidz (LJ) in rabbits' model of hyperlipemia and atherosclerosis was observed. The results showed: (1) By the end of first to third month, the levels of serum TL and TC in groups B,C were lower than that of group A and there was significant difference between them (P < 0.05), the level of serum TG in groups B,C was lower than that of group A too, but there was no significant difference between them (P > 0.05). (2) By the end of first and second month, the level of serum LPO in groups B,C was lower than that of group A and there were significant difference between them (P < 0.05, 0.01), while there was no significant difference between group B and group C (P > 0.05). (3) The rabbits were sacrificed by the end of third month, arteriosclerotic area of aorta in groups B,C were less than that of group A, and that of group B was even less than group C, there was significant difference between group A and B (P < 0.01). (4) By the end of third month, the level of HCT in groups B,C was lower than that of group A and there was significant difference between them (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between group B and group C (P > 0.05). These results showed that LJ could lower the levels of serum TL, TC, LPO, HCT and anti-arteriosclerosis as well, it could prevent cerebro- and cardio-vascular disease as the clofibrate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fluorination Effects on NOS Inhibitory Activity of Pyrazoles Related to Curcumin (2015)

A series of new (E)-3(5)-[β-(aryl)-ethenyl]-5(3)-phenyl-1H-pyrazoles bearing fluorine atoms at different positions of the aryl group have been synthesized starting from the corresponding β-diketones. All compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, DSC as well as NMR (¹H, (13)C, (19)F and (15)N) spectroscopy in solution and in solid state. Three structures have been solved by X-ray diffraction analysis, confirming the tautomeric forms detected by solid state NMR. The in vitro study of their inhibitory potency and selectivity on the activity of nNOS and eNOS (calcium-calmodulin dependent) as well as iNOS (calcium-calmodulin independent) isoenzymes is presented. A qualitative structure-activity analysis allowed the establishment of a correlation between the presence/ absence of different substituents with the inhibition data proving that fluorine groups enhance the biological activity. (E)-3(5)-[β-(3-Fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethenyl]-5(3)-phenyl-1H-pyrazole (13), is the best inhibitor of iNOS, being also more selective towards the other two isoforms.
Simultaneous presence of herpes simplex and human papilloma virus sequences in human genital tumors (1987)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) sequences were analyzed in tumors of the female lower genital tract, by probing DNA from 13 intraepithelial and 30 invasive neoplastic lesions with radiolabelled HPV-16 and HPV-18 DNA as well as cloned fragments of HSV-2 DNA. Careful removal of stromal tissue from the pathological specimens allowed authentic tumor DNA to be processed. Normal genital tissue obtained from the patients and genital condylomata were included as internal controls. The presence of HPV-16 or 18 DNA was detected in 12/13 (92.3%) intraepithelial neoplasms and in 16/30 (53.3%) invasive carcinomas. No significant difference was detected in titer or frequency of antibodies to HPV group-specific antigen in sera from patients and controls. Hybridization to BgIII N fragment of HSV-2 DNA was detected in 4/13 (30.8%) intraepithelial neoplasms and 4/30 (13.3%) invasive carcinomas but in none of the control tissues. All the 8 samples harboring HSV-2 homologous sequences were also positive for HPV, supporting the hypothesis of a synergistic association between the 2 viruses. The hybridization analyses performed to study c-myc involvement in genital oncogenesis did not reveal c-myc amplification in either invasive or pre-invasive lesions.
Value Added Tax (2007)

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Characterisation of supported trinuclear osmium clusters by extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy (1983)

Trinuclear osmium clusters grafted on to alumina and tethered to thiolated silica have been characterized by analysis of the EXAFS of the Os L(III) edge spectra of these and related model complex samples.
Control of volatile organic compounds by an AC energized ferroelectric pellet reactor and a pulsed corona reactor (1992)

Two laboratory-scale plasma reactors, an alternating current (AC) energized ferroelectric (high dielectric ceramic) packed bed reactor and a nanosecond pulsed corona reactor, were constructed. This study was done to develop baseline engineering data to demonstrate the feasibility of the application of plasma reactors to the destruction of various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at PPM levels. Complete destruction was obtained for toluene. Conversions of methylene chloride at 95% and trichlorotrifluoroethane (known as CFC-113) at 67% were achieved for the plasma reactors used. The conversion was dependent on the mean electron energy in the reactor and was also related to how strongly halogen species were bonded with carbon.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Carrier lifetimes and interface recombination velocities in CdTe/Mg<i>x</i>Cd1−<i>x</i>Te double heterostructures with different Mg compositions grown by molecular beam epitaxy (2015)

The interface recombination velocities of CdTe/MgxCd1−xTe double heterostructure (DH) samples with different CdTe layer thicknesses and Mg compositions are studied using time-resolved photoluminescence measurements. A lowest interface recombination velocity of 30 ± 10 cm/s has been measured for the CdTe/Mg0.46Cd0.54Te interface, and a longest carrier lifetime of 0.83 μs has been observed for the studied DHs. These values are very close to the best reported numbers for GaAs/AlGaAs DHs. The impact of carrier escape through thermionic emission over the MgCdTe barrier on the recombination process in the DHs is also studied.
Benefit of the NeQuick Galileo Version in GNSS Single-Point Positioning (2013)

The GNSS measurements are strongly affected by ionospheric effects, due to the signal propagation through ionosphere; these effects could severely degrade the position; hence, a model to limit or remove the ionospheric error is necessary. The use of several techniques (DGPS, SBAS, and GBAS) reduces the ionospheric effect, but implies the use of expensive devices and/or complex architectures necessary to meet strong requirements in terms of accuracy and reliability for safety critical application. The cheapest and most widespread GNSS devices are single frequency stand-alone receivers able to partially correct this kind of error using suitable models. These algorithms compute the ionospheric delay starting from ionospheric model, which uses parameters broadcast within the navigation messages. NeQuick is a three-dimensional and time-dependent ionospheric model adopted by Galileo, the European GNSS, and developed by International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) together with Institute for Geophysics, Astrophysics, and Meteorology of the University of Graz. The aim of this paper is the performance assessment in single point positioning of the NeQuick Galileo version provided by ESA and the comparison with respect to the Klobuchar model used for GPS; the analysis is performed in position domain and the errors are examined in terms of RMS and maximum error for the horizontal and vertical components. A deep analysis is also provided for the application of the exanimated model in the first possible Galileo only position fix.
Kinetics and Mechanisms of High‐Temperature Creep in Silicon Carbide: II, Chemically Vapor Deposited (1984)

Chemically vapor deposited (CVD) silicon carbide was subjected to constant compressive stresses (110 to 220 MN/m 2 ) at high temperatures (1848 to 2023 K) in order to determine the controlling steady‐state creep mechanisms under these conditions. An extensive TEM study was also conducted to facilitate this determination. The strong preferred crystallographic orientation of this material causes the creep rate to be very dependent on specimen orientation. The stress exponent, n , in the equation εασ n was calculated to be 2.3 below 1923 K and 3.7 at 1923 K. The activation energy for steady‐state creep was determined to be 175 ± 5 kJ/mol throughout the temperature range employed. At temperatures between 1673 and 1873 K, the controlling creep mechanism for CVD Sic is dislocation glide, which is believed to be controlled by the Peierls stress. Although the activation energy does not change, the increase in the stress exponent for samples deformed at 1923 K suggests that the controlling creep mechanism becomes dislocation glide/climb controlled by climb.
Muscle: A Three Phase System (1959)

The partition of Li(+), Br(-), and I(-) across the membrane of the sartorius muscle of the toad Bufo marinus has been investigated both at the steady state and with kinetic methods. Li(+) was found to have access to an amount of muscle water similar to that of Na(+). Br(-) and I(-) could be regarded as being interchangeable with cellular Cl(-). None of the foreign ions caused significant losses of cellular K(+). Li(+) efflux from the cell was slower in muscles which were equilibrated for long periods in Li(+) than in short equilibrated muscles. Na(+) efflux from Li(+)-treated muscles was similar in rate to normal controls, but the amount of Na(+) in the slow fraction was increased by Li(+). I(-) efflux was extremely rapid, and it was not possible to differentiate kinetically between intra- and extracellular material. These results have been found to be consistent with the hypothesis of a three phase system for muscle.
Kainate Receptor Agonists, Antagonists and Allosteric Modulators (2002)

Interest in kainate receptors has increased over the past few years. Our understanding of their physiology and pharmacology has improved markedly since their original cloning and expression in the early 1990s. For example, agonist profiles at recombinant kainate receptors have been used to identify and distinguish kainate receptors in neurons. Furthermore, the development of selective antagonists for kainate receptor subtypes has increased our understanding of the functional roles of kainate receptors in neurons and synaptic transmission. In this review we described the activity of agonists and antagonists at kainate receptors and their selectivity profiles at NMDA and non-NMDA receptors.
Hydrogen storage in carbon nanotubes and related materials (2002)

Adsorption of hydrogen at 300 K has been investigated on well-characterized samples of carbon nanotubes, besides carbon fibres by taking care to avoid many of the pitfalls generally encountered in such measurements. The nanotube samples include single- and multi-walled nanotubes prepared by different methods, as well as aligned bundles of multi-walled nanotubes. The effect of acid treatment of the nanotubes has been examined. A maximum adsorption of ca. 3.7 wt% is found with aligned multi-walled nanotubes. Electrochemical hydrogen storage measurements have also been carried out on the nanotube samples and the results are similar to those found by gas adsorption measurements.
Inhibition of DNA synthesis in adrenocortical cells by cytochalasin B. (1980)

ACTH inhibits DNA synthesis in normal rat and mouse tumor Y-1 adrenocortical cells within the same concentration range that it stimulates steroidogenesis. These processes can be independently regulated as demonstrated by the divergent actions of cytochalasin B on these cells. In the normal cells, cytochalasin B does not increase steroidogenesis in serum-free or serum-containing media, and it decreases the stimulation produced by ACTH. In the absence of serum, the Y-1 cells respond in a similar way. However, in serum-containing media, cytochalasin B increases steroidogenesis in these cells and does not inhibit the response to ACTH. In both cell types, cytochalasin B inhibits [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA by a mechanism different than that of ACTH. In the Y-1 cells, this inhibition is caused by a decreased uptake of [3H]thymidine into the cell, which probably reflects a decreased transport across the cell membrane. In the normal cells, cytochalasin B, like ACTH, does not affect [3H]thymidine transport, but it decreases DNA synthesis much more rapidly than does ACTH. This inhibition may be the result of the disruption of microfilaments by cytochalasinB, because our evidence indicates that it is not caused by a decrease in glucose uptake by the cells.
Implications of cellular and molecular biology advances in periodontal regeneration (1996)

This report summarizes current understanding of the cellular and molecular aspects of periodontal regeneration and determines the clinical relevance of these findings.
Optical properties of Si clusters and Si nanocrystallites in high-temperature annealed SiOx films (1998)

Structure, optical absorption and photoluminescence (PL) properties of SiOx films subjected to thermal annealing at 750–1100 °C are investigated. Si crystallites with a few nanometers in size are observed in the SiO1.3 and SiO1.65 films annealed at 1100 °C. Threshold energies in optical absorption of the Si nanocrystallites are higher than that for bulk Si, suggesting a contribution from quantum confinement effects. The PL spectrum shows a remarkable increase in intensity after annealing at temperatures above 1000 °C. This PL behavior is closely related to the formation of Si nanocrystallites by the annealing. The PL peak energy of the annealed films shifts to higher energy with decreasing crystallite size but does not follow the blueshift for the absorption threshold energy. These results suggest that a localized state contributes to the PL mechanism. The SiO1.8 film annealed at 1100 °C, which contains no Si crystallites, exhibits an intense PL similar to the annealed SiO1.3 and SiO1.65 films. It is implied that noncrystalline Si nanoparticles are formed in the SiO1.8 film under high-temperature annealing.
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF DIFFERENT BRANCHING STRATEGIES FOR CONSTRAINT SATISFACTION PROBLEMS (2004)

Many real life problems can be formulated as constraint satisfaction problems <i>(CSPs)</i>. Backtracking search algorithms are usually employed to solve <i>CSPs</i> and in backtracking search the choice of branching strategies can be critical since they specify how a search algorithm can instantiate a variable and how a problem can be reduced into subproblems; that is, they define a search tree. In spite of the apparent importance of the branching strategy, there have been only a few empirical studies about different branching strategies and they all have been tested exclusively for numerical constraints. In this thesis, we employ the three most commonly used branching strategies in solving finite domain <i>CSPs</i>. These branching strategies are described as follows: first, a branching strategy with strong commitment assigns its variables in the early stage of the search as in k-Way branching; second, 2-Way branching guides a search by branching one side with assigning a variable and the other with eliminating the assigned value; third, the domain splitting strategy, based on the least commitment principle, branches by dividing a variable's domain rather than by assigning a single value to a variable. In our experiments, we compared the efficiency of different branching strategies in terms of their execution times and the number of choice points in solving finite domain <i>CSPs</i>. Interestingly, our experiments provide evidence that the choice of branching strategy for finite domain problems does not matter much in most cases--provided we are using an effective variable ordering heuristic--as domain splitting and 2-Way branching end up simulating k-Way branching. However, for an optimization problem with large domain size, the branching strategy with the least commitment principle can be more efficient than the other strategies. This empirical study will hopefully interest other practitioners to take different branching schemes into consideration in designing heuristics.
Chitinase 3-like 1-CD44 interaction promotes metastasis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through β-catenin/Erk/Akt signaling in gastric cancer (2018)

CHI3L1 binding to CD44v3 activates Erk, Akt, and β-catenin signaling, therefore enhances GC metastasis. CHI3L1 expression is a novel biomarker for the prognosis of GC, and these findings have thus identified CHI3L1/CD44 axis as a vital pathway and potential therapeutic target in GC.
3D printing: the dawn of a new era in manufacturing? (2013)

Abstract Purpose This article aims to provide an introduction to 3D printing technology and its applications. Design/methodology/approach Following an introduction, this first describes the many different 3D printing technologies and then discusses a number of existing and emerging applications. Finally, brief conclusions are drawn. Findings This shows that 3D printing technologies have evolved rapidly in recent years and can be use with a wide range of different materials. In addition to rapid prototyping, the dominant use in the past, they are now being used in all manner of manufacturing applications in a diversity of industries. In the future 3D printing may change the way many products are developed and produced and herald an era of "personal manufacturing". Originality/value This article provides a timely review of 3D printing technology and its applications.
MDSD for the iPhone (2010)

During the last years, code generators and models have become increasingly popular tools to support software development processes in manyfold ways. At the same time, the emerging pervasiveness of domain-specific languages (DSLs) in this field has complemented the idea of raising the level of abstraction by introducing specialized view points of a certain problem space. In combination with a proper set of idioms at the target platform generation-based approaches allow for weaving generated parts of an application with handwritten enhancements and refinements over the whole application lifecycle.