gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lee-metric BCH codes and their application to constrained and partial-response channels (1994)

Shows that each code in a certain class of BCH codes over GF(p), specified by a code length n/spl les/p/sup m/-1 and a runlength r/spl les/(p-1)/2 of consecutive roots in GF(p/sup m/), has minimum Lee distance /spl ges/2r. For the very high-rate range these codes approach the sphere-packing bound on the minimum Lee distance. Furthermore, for a given r, the length range of these codes is twice as large as that attainable by Berlekamp's (1984) extended negacyclic codes. The authors present an efficient decoding procedure, based on Euclid's algorithm, for correcting up to r-1 errors and detecting r errors, that is, up to the number of Lee errors guaranteed by the designed minimum Lee distance 2r. Bounds on the minimum Lee distance for r/spl ges/(p+1)/2 are provided for the Reed-Solomon case, i.e., when the BCH code roots are in GF(p). The authors present two applications. First, Lee-metric BCH codes can be used for protecting against bitshift errors and synchronization errors caused by insertion and/or deletion of zeros in (d, k)-constrained channels. Second, the code construction with its decoding algorithm can be formulated over the integer ring, providing an algebraic approach to correcting errors in partial-response channels where matched spectral-null codes are used.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Design Theory for Reggia-Spencer Reciprocal Ferrite Phase Shifters (1968)

The Reggia-Spencer phase shifter consists of a ferrite bar or rod placed along the axis of a rectangular waveguide. When a longitudinal magnetic field is applied to the ferrite a change in the rf insertion phase is produced which is independent of the direction of the applied field and the direction of propagation. Although many phase shifters have been constructed using this principle, their design has proceeded empirically due to the lack of an adequate design theory. In 1966, Boyd suggested that the reciprocal phase shift could be explained in terms of a non-reciprocal coupling between two cross-polarized waveguide modes, one the TE/sub 10/-like dominant mode supported by the inhomogeneously filled waveguide, the other a cross-polarized mode which is normally cut off. If this mode propagates Faraday rotation can occur.
Platelet Factor 4 Regulation of Monocyte KLF4 in Experimental Cerebral Malaria (2010)

Cerebral malaria continues to be a difficult to treat complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection in children. We have shown that platelets can have major deleterious immune functions in experimental cerebral malaria (ECM). One of the platelet derived mediators we have identified as particularly important is platelet factor 4/CXCL4. Our prior work demonstrated that PF4(-/-) mice are protected from ECM, have reduced plasma cytokines, and have reduced T-cell trafficking to the brain. We now show that PF4 drives monocyte cytokine production in a Kruppel like factor 4 (KLF4) dependent manner. Monocyte depleted Plasmodium berghei infected mice have improved survival, and KLF4 is greatly increased in control, but not monocyte depleted mice. PF4(-/-) mice have less cerebral monocyte trafficking and no change in KLF4 expression. These data indicate that PF4 induction of monocyte KLF4 expression may be an important step in the pathogenesis of ECM.
The Organization Family: Work and Family Linkages in the U.S. Military. (1991)

Introduction Work and Family Linkages The Nature of Work and Family Linkages: A Theoretical Perspective Family Factors and Member Retention: A Key Relationship in the Work and Family Equation Marital Quality and Job Satisfaction of Male Air Force Members: A Test of the Spillover Hypothesis Special Population Groups Single Parents in the Workplace: Conserving and Increasing Human Capital The Dual-Career Couple: Challenges and Satisfactions Growing Up in an Organization Family The Organizational Response Toward Conceptual Refinement of Operational Outcome Variables: The Case of Family Life Satisfaction The Company Town in Transition: Rebuilding Military Communities Postscript: Toward Further Research Bibliography Index
Monte Carlo Tree Search: Long-term versus short-term planning (2012)

In this paper we investigate the use of Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) on the Physical Travelling Salesman Problem (PTSP), a real-time game where the player navigates a ship across a map full of obstacles in order to visit a series of waypoints as quickly as possible. In particular, we assess the algorithm's ability to plan ahead and subsequently solve the two major constituents of the PTSP: the order of waypoints (long-term planning) and driving the ship (short-term planning). We show that MCTS can provide better results when these problems are treated separately: the optimal order of cities is found using Branch & Bound and the ship is navigated to collect the waypoints using MCTS. We also demonstrate that the physics of the PTSP game impose a challenge regarding the optimal order of cities and propose a solution that obtains better results than following the TSP route of minimum Euclidean distance.
Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Death of Neuroblastoma Cells Involves Activation of Bax and Does Not Require p53 (2004)

We show that multidrug-resistant neuroblastoma cells die after exposure to As(2)O(3), independent of functional p53, suggesting activation of a cytotoxic pathway different from that induced by conventional chemotherapeutic agents. We further propose that proteolytic activation of Bax is an important event in As(2)O(3)-induced cell death.
An open systems SEE query language (2002)

CASE tools inevitably require query and report generation facilities on data held in the SEE repository. The speed and ease of a powerful query language significantly improves productivity in the development of such tools. In the case of relational database management systems, the query language is usually some dialect of SQL. For SEEs based on the International Standard for SEE repositories, PCTE, there is no established query language. This is because the PCTE Object Base is founded on the Entity-Relationship-Attribute (ERA) model, for which "pure" SQL is inappropriate. This paper introduces two navigation-oriented query languages for ERA databases, the first based on PCTE pathnames, and a second, still largely navigation-oriented, much closer to SQL with features in common with the object-oriented query language OQL. Desirable features of such query languages are illustrated and some observations made on query language standardisation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Binding of Pseudomonas cepacia to normal human intestinal mucin and respiratory mucin from patients with cystic fibrosis. (1992)

Although not as prevalent as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas cepacia is another opportunistic pathogen which colonizes the lungs of at least some patients with cystic fibrosis. A subgroup of these patients exhibits the "cepacia syndrome", i.e., a rapid clinical deterioration and death within one year. To investigate potential early sites of bacterial attachment, we have measured the specific binding of P. cepacia isolates from cystic fibrosis (CF) sputa to both CF and non-CF mucins purified from respiratory and intestinal secretions, respectively. As shown in microtiter binding assays, clinical isolates from 19/22 patients were found to bind to both mucins, with the highest specific binding exhibited by isolates from eight patients, seven of whom later died with the cepacia syndrome. No differences were observed in the binding capacity of the two (CF versus non-CF) mucins. Binding was specific, saturable, and not influenced by tetramethylurea, a disruptor of hydrophobic associations. Individual sugars were ineffective as hapten inhibitors, as were several lectins. Mucins treated by reduction/alkylation or chloroform/methanol extraction showed enhanced bacterial binding, findings which were attributed to exposure of underlying binding sites. Deglycosylation procedures indicated that mucin receptors for P. cepacia include N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine, probably linked together as part of core oligosaccharide structures. P. cepacia isolates also bound to buccal epithelial cells, and mucin partially inhibited the binding of those isolates of P. cepacia that also had the ability to bind to mucin. We speculate that specific binding of P. cepacia to secreted mucins may be an early step in the pathogenesis of the cepacia syndrome.
Optimization of the Bacterial Cytochrome P450 BM3 System for the Production of Human Drug Metabolites (2012)

Drug metabolism in human liver is a process involving many different enzymes. Among them, a number of cytochromes P450 isoforms catalyze the oxidation of most of the drugs commercially available. Each P450 isoform acts on more than one drug, and one drug may be oxidized by more than one enzyme. As a result, multiple products may be obtained from the same drug, and as the metabolites can be biologically active and may cause adverse drug reactions (ADRs), the metabolic profile of a new drug has to be known before this can be commercialized. Therefore, the metabolites of a certain drug must be identified, synthesized and tested for toxicity. Their synthesis must be in sufficient quantities to be used for metabolic tests. This review focuses on the progresses done in the field of the optimization of a bacterial self-sufficient and efficient cytochrome P450, P450 BM3 from Bacillus megaterium, used for the production of metabolites of human enzymes. The progress made in the improvement of its catalytic performance towards drugs, the substitution of the costly NADPH cofactor and its immobilization and scale-up of the process for industrial application are reported.
The hydrogen technology evaluation center at Brookhaven National Laboratory (1984)

Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), as part of the US Department of Energy Chemical/Hydrogen Energy Systems (C/HES) Program, is developing a Hydrogen Technology Evaluation Center. The purpose of the Center is to evaluate the advanced hydrogen energy system options which emerge from the C/HES base technology research activities. Initially, the Center is being used to investigate the production of hydrogen from solar energy via water electrolysis - the first of a series of system evaluations - via a coordinated program of system testing, computer simulation, and economic analysis. A PV-electrolyzer system, based on a 5-kW Solarex PV array and a 15 kW General Electric Solid Polymer Electrolyte (SPE) Electrolyzer, is in place and undergoing evaluation. This paper, after describing the Center and the activities planned for it, presents a synopsis of initial transient simulation and hardware characterization results for this system. 10 references, 8 figures.
Notch Inhibition of RAS Signaling Through MAP Kinase Phosphatase LIP-1 During <i>C. elegans</i> Vulval Development (2001)

During Caenorhabditis elegans vulval development, a signal from the anchor cell stimulates the RTK/RAS/MAPK (receptor tyrosine kinase/RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway in the closest vulval precursor cell P6.p to induce the primary fate. A lateral signal from P6.p then activates the Notch signaling pathway in the neighboring cells P5.p and P7.p to prevent them from adopting the primary fate and to specify the secondary fate. The MAP kinase phosphatase LIP-1 mediates this lateral inhibition of the primary fate. LIN-12/NOTCH up-regulates lip-1 transcription in P5.p and P7.p where LIP-1 inactivates the MAP kinase to inhibit primary fate specification. LIP-1 thus links the two signaling pathways to generate a pattern.
Numerical calculations of residual–stress relaxation in quenched plates (1985)

Methods of thermal stress relief such as stretching and compression are compared for different thermal and mechanical properties during quenching. The heat equation for a simple geometric model, such as an infinite plate, is solved with an experimental surface conductance and a step–by–step method of determining the temperature field in the thickness of the plate. This field is introduced as data for the uncoupled thermal elastic–plastic model for quenching. In the calculation of the plastic–strain path, the thermal and mechanical properties are considered as temperature dependent for a homogeneous and isotropic material. Good agreement is found between the calculated residual stresses and experimental values for an aluminium alloy and a stainless steel. The predicted residual–stress distributions and strain history are then used as data for the numerical simulation of stress–relief methods with an incremental integration of the Prandtl–Reuss equation. This analysis allows the observation of the effects of small variations in mechanical properties during quenching on the residual–stress field after mechanical stress relief and the theoretical comparison of different processes.MST/6
Effects of melagatran, an inhibitor of thrombin, on fibrin deposits, haemodynamics, and platelet count in endotoxaemic pigs (2000)

Melagatran reduced pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, a retrograde reflection of the left ventricular end-diastolic filling pressure, and also pulmonary stasis in pigs subjected to endotoxaemic challenge. Pulmonary and hepatic fibrin depositions were reduced, but PaO2 levels or liver function markers were not affected by melagatran during the early phase of endotoxaemia. Obstruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts, by fibrin depositions, is not responsible for reduced excretion of conjugated bilirubin during endotoxaemia. The beneficial effects of melagatran during endotoxaemia were not due to any reduction of plasma TNF alpha.
CMOS voltage to current transducers (1985)

This paper explores in detail the possible approaches to. the design of voltage- or current-controllable linear transconductance elements needed for the design of continuous-time CMOS active filters. The focus of the paper is on circuit configurations, techniques of achieving linearity, and temperature compensation using the controlling variable. Circuit techniques for obtaining small transductance values are outlined. Simulation results are presented.
A Rapid Test for screening the Sensitivity of Staphylococci to Antibiotics (1953)

A Rapid Test for screening the Sensitivity of Staphylococci to Antibiotics Get access P. C. Rajam, Ph.D., P. C. Rajam, Ph.D. Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan Dr. Rajam is Charles Pfizer Fellow in Chemotherapy. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John D. Adcock, M.D. John D. Adcock, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan Dr. Adcock is deceased. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 23, Issue 11_ts, November 1953, Pages 1168–1172, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/23.11_ts.1168 Published: 01 November 1953 Article history Received: 26 June 1953 Published: 01 November 1953
Pain and Its Effects in the Human Neonate and Fetus (1987)

THE evaluation of pain in the human fetus and neonate is difficult because pain is generally defined as a subjective phenomenon.1 Early studies of neurologic development concluded that neonatal responses to painful stimuli were decorticate in nature and that perception or localization of pain was not present.2 Furthermore, because neonates may not have memories of painful experiences, they were not thought capable of interpreting pain in a manner similar to that of adults.3 4 5 On a theoretical basis, it was also argued that a high threshold of painful stimuli may be adaptive in protecting infants from pain during birth.6 These traditional . . .
Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 (SHP2): Novel targets in EGFR-mutation positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (2018)

The levels of ILK and SHP2 could be predictive for upfront combinatory therapy of EGFR TKIs plus SHP2 or ILK inhibitors. FUND: A grant from La Caixa Foundation, an Instituto de Salud Carlos III grant (RESPONSE, PIE16/00011), an Instituto de Salud Carlos III grant (PI14/01678), a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Networks European Grant (ELBA No 765492) and a Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) grant (PROYE18012ROSE).
The Total Experience (2019)

Why do colors change? In outer space, the sky is black and the Sun is a white disc, visible only in the direct line of sight—there is nothing to scatter its light. Here on Earth, in normal daylight the molecules and dust in the atmosphere...
Rectangular characteristic gratings for waveguide input and output coupling (1995)

Normal-incidence planar-optical waveguide-imbedded phase gratings of finite aperture width and length are analyzed with Svidzinskii's (Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 10, 1103 (1980)] two-dimensional Braggdiffraction theory. Svidzinskii's characteristic-grating equations are adapted for the rectangulargrating case, and an overlap integral is used to extend the theory to account for the mode structure of the waveguide. The combined theory is used to optimize the throughput of a system composed of an input grating coupler, a waveguide, and an output grating coupler for both the highly multimode (thickwaveguide) and the few-mode (thin-waveguide) cases.
Small extracellular vesicles containing arginase-1 suppress T-cell responses and promote tumor growth in ovarian carcinoma (2019)

Tumor-driven immune suppression is a major barrier to successful immunotherapy in ovarian carcinomas (OvCa). Among various mechanisms responsible for immune suppression, arginase-1 (ARG1)-carrying small extracellular vesicles (EVs) emerge as important contributors to tumor growth and tumor escape from the host immune system. Here, we report that small EVs found in the ascites and plasma of OvCa patients contain ARG1. EVs suppress proliferation of CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells in vitro and in vivo in OvCa mouse models. In mice, ARG1-containing EVs are transported to draining lymph nodes, taken up by dendritic cells and inhibit antigen-specific T-cell proliferation. Increased expression of ARG1 in mouse OvCa cells is associated with accelerated tumor progression that can be blocked by an arginase inhibitor. Altogether, our studies show that tumor cells use EVs as vehicles to carry over long distances and deliver to immune cells a metabolic checkpoint molecule - ARG1, mitigating anti-tumor immune responses.
REGIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TOCOPHEROLS AND DISTRIBUTION OF FATTY ACIDS WITHIN SOYBEAN SEEDS (<i>GLYCINE MAX</i> L.) (2006)

ABSTRACT Seed coat, embryonic axis and sections of cotyledons in four soybean cultivars were analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography for tocopherols, and by gas–liquid chromatography for acyl lipids and their fatty acid profiles. Tocopherols were predominantly detected in axis, followed by cotyledons and seed coat. With a few exceptions, dominant components were γ‐ and δ‐tocopherols, with much smaller amounts of α‐ and β‐tocopherols. However, α‐tocopherol was present in higher ( P < 0.05) amounts in axis than in other tissues. Triacylglycerols were the major component of total lipids, respresenting 92.0% of cotyledons and 70.0% of axis or seed coat. Regardless of the soybean cultivar, phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) were the major phospholipids in all tissues; PC was present in highest concentration followed by PE and PI. These results indicate that the differences in soybean cultivars can be predicted by determining the regional distribution of tocopherols and fatty acids within soybean component parts.
A review of radio channel sounding techniques (2006)

This short paper will introduce the key approaches that have been adopted for channel sounding and describe systems that have been reported to date for measuring indoor and outdoor radio channels in the 1-5 GHz range of operating frequencies. 1.
Synthesis and Structures of Salen-Supported Borates Containing Siloxides (1999)

The ligand N,N‘ ‘-bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)diethylenetriamine (SalenN3H3) was used to prepare the compound SalenN3H{B(OMe2)}2 (1) which could, in turn, be used in the formation of SalenN3H{B(OSiPh3)2}2 (2). For comparative purposes, the compounds Salben{B(OSiPh3)2}2 (3) (Salben = N,N‘-butylenebis(2-hydroxybenzylideneamine), Salen(tBu){B(OSiPh3)2}2 (4) (Salen(tBu) = N,N‘-ethylenebis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylideneamine) and Salben(tBu){B(OSiPh3)2}2 (5) (Salben(tBu) = N,N‘-butylenebis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylideneamine) were prepared. In reactions where the siloxide is (HO)2SiPh2, unique dimeric siloxide-bridged compounds result, [Salpten(tBu){B(O2SiPh2}]2 (6) and [SalenN3H{B(O2SiPh2)}]2 (7). Compound 6 possesses a zeolite-like cavity having a volume of 157 Å3. All of the compounds were characterized by physical (mp, analyses) and spectroscopic techniques (1H and 11B NMR, IR) and, in the case of 1, 3, 4, and 6, by X-ray crystallography.
Retention of a cell adhesion complex at the paranodal junction requires the cytoplasmic region of Caspr (2002)

An axonal complex of cell adhesion molecules consisting of Caspr and contactin has been found to be essential for the generation of the paranodal axo-glial junctions flanking the nodes of Ranvier. Here we report that although the extracellular region of Caspr was sufficient for directing it to the paranodes in transgenic mice, retention of the Caspr-contactin complex at the junction depended on the presence of an intact cytoplasmic domain of Caspr. Using immunoelectron microscopy, we found that a Caspr mutant lacking its intracellular domain was often found within the axon instead of the junctional axolemma. We further show that a short sequence in the cytoplasmic domain of Caspr mediated its binding to the cytoskeleton-associated protein 4.1B. Clustering of contactin on the cell surface induced coclustering of Caspr and immobilized protein 4.1B at the plasma membrane. Furthermore, deletion of the protein 4.1B binding site accelerated the internalization of a Caspr-contactin chimera from the cell surface. These results suggest that Caspr serves as a "transmembrane scaffold" that stabilizes the Caspr/contactin adhesion complex at the paranodal junction by connecting it to cytoskeletal components within the axon.
Improving Force-Directed Graph Drawings by Making Compromises Between Aesthetics (2010)

Many automatic graph drawing algorithms implement only one or two aesthetic criteria since most aesthetics conflict with each other. Empirical research has shown that although those algorithms are based on different aesthetics, drawings produced by them have comparable effectiveness. The comparable effectiveness raises a question about necessity of choosing one algorithm against another for drawing graphs when human performance is a main concern. In this paper, we argue that effectiveness can be improved when algorithms are designed by making compromises between aesthetics, rather than trying to satisfy one or two of them to the fullest. In particular, this paper presents a user study. The study compares effectiveness of drawings produced by two different force-directed methods, Classical spring algorithm and BIGANGLE. BIGANGLE produces drawings with a few aesthetics being improved at the same time. The experimental results indicate that BIGANGLE induces significantly better performance of humans in perceiving shortest paths between two nodes.