gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase-sensitive tests of the symmetry of the pairing state in the high-temperature superconductors—Evidence for<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>y</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>symmetry (1995)

Understanding the mechanism responsible for superconductivity in the high-temperature cuprates has been one of the major goals of condensed-matter physicists since the discovery of these exciting materials in 1986. Experimental evidence suggests that the pairing state may be unconventional, featuring an anisotropic order parameter for which a wide range of theoretical models for the superconducting pairing have been proposed. Recently, a new class of experiments has been presented that are sensitive to the phase of the superconducting order parameter, allowing an unambiguous determination of the symmetry of the pairing state. These experiments, based on the interference of the quantum-mechanical phases in Josephson tunnel junctions and dc SQUID devices, give strong evidence for pairing in a channel with $d$--wave symmetry in the most widely studied cuprate, $Y{\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7\ensuremath{-}x}$. Confirmation of this pairing state will focus efforts to develop a microscopic theory for the high-temperature superconductors and to apply them in power transmission and electronic device technologies.
Detecting rapid organ motion using a hybrid MR-ultrasound setup and Bayesian data processing (2014)

Fig. 3: MR (upper) and US (lower) data acquired simultaneously over the course of a cough. MR landmarks (hepatic blood vessels, hyper intense points in MR) cannot be localized due rapid cough-ing motion (upper center), causing tracking failure.US gradient orientation (arrows) is used to detect rapid motion (red arrows).
A new on-axis multimode spectrometer for the macromolecular crystallography beamlines of the Swiss Light Source (2009)

X-ray crystallography at third-generation synchrotron sources permits tremendous insight into the three-dimensional structure of macromolecules. Additional information is, however, often required to aid the transition from structure to function. In situ spectroscopic methods such as UV-Vis absorption and (resonance) Raman can provide this, and can also provide a means of detecting X-ray-induced changes. Here, preliminary results are introduced from an on-axis UV-Vis absorption and Raman multimode spectrometer currently being integrated into the beamline environment at X10SA of the Swiss Light Source. The continuing development of the spectrometer is also outlined.
Copolymerization Studies of Vinyl Chloride and Vinyl Acetate with Ethylene Using a Transition-Metal Catalyst (2002)

Since the advent of Ziegler-Natta polymerization of ethylene, attempts have been made to extend coordination polymerization to commercially important monomers with polar functionality. In this study we examined the copolymerization of perdeuterated vinyl chloride (VC) and perdeuterated vinyl acetate (VA) with ethylene using a tridentate Fe(II) dichloride pyridine diimine metal catalyst. The resulting ethylene oligomers were examined by GC/MS and 2H NMR spectroscopy. It was shown that VC was inserted once for every approximately 180 ethylene monomers and VA was inserted once for every approximately 350 ethylene monomers. VC and VA behave as comonomers for coordination/insertion polymerizations with ethylene. However, we find that insertion with either monomer leads to termination of the growing chain via beta-elimination processes. The deuterium atoms are exclusively located at the olefin terminus for each of the monomers.
Oxathiazolones Selectively Inhibit the Human Immunoproteasome over the Constitutive Proteasome (2014)

Selective inhibitors for the human immunoproteasome LMP7 (β5i) subunit over the constitutive proteasome hold promise for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and hematologic malignancies. Here we report that oxathiazolones inhibit the immunoproteasome β5i with up to 4700-fold selectivity over the constitutive proteasome, are cell permeable, and inhibit proteasomes inside cells.
Compatibilizing effect of a styrene-methyl methacrylate block copolymer on the phase behavior of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) blends (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCompatibilizing effect of a styrene-methyl methacrylate block copolymer on the phase behavior of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) blendsWon Ho Jo, Ho Cheol Kim, and Doo Hyun BaikCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 9, 2231–2235Publication Date (Print):April 29, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 29 April 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00009a017RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views242Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Sublingual Buprenorphine for Premedication and Postoperative Pain Relief in Orthopaedic Surgery (1985)

The effect of sublingual buprenorphine (Temgesic) as a premedicant and for postoperative pain relief compared with morphine/pethidine was studied in 50 patients scheduled for elective surgery of the knee joint. Twenty-five patients received buprenorphine 0.4 mg sublingually 1 h before surgery and the same dose on demand postoperatively. Twenty-five patients were given morphine intramuscularly (7.5 mg or 10 mg to females and males respectively) 1 h preoperatively. This group received pethidine (75 mg) intramuscularly on demand postoperatively. All the patients were anaesthetized with halothane N2O/O2 after induction with thiopentone. No significant differences were found with regard to sedation, dizziness, nausea and vomiting during the study period. Emergence shivering, confusion and restlessness just after termination of the operation were equal in the two groups. In the recovery room, however, there was a higher frequency of shivering (P less than 0.05) in the morphine group. During the first 24 h postoperatively the buprenorphine group was given an average of 3.8 doses compared with 2.3 in the pethidine group (P greater than 0.05). It is concluded, that buprenorphine sublingually is as good as morphine intramuscularly for premedication and therefore should be recommended to patients who wish to avoid injections. For postoperative pain relief the initial dose of buprenorphine should be given intravenously. Only minor and unimportant side effects were seen.
Efficient simulation for hierarchical and partitioned circuits (1999)

This paper presents new, highly-efficient techniques for simulating extremely large circuits, assuming that hierarchical design techniques have been used. Both hierarchical and partitioned circuits consist of a master circuit and several sub-circuits. Hierarchical circuits permit sub-circuits to be reused, while partitioned circuits permit only a single use of each sub-circuit. Both types of circuits permit multiple levels of hierarchy. In partitioned circuits, triggering is used to perform simulations that are several times faster than Levelized Compiled Code (LCC) simulation. For hierarchical simulation, the concept of boundary activity is introduced. Optimization with respect to boundary activity can produce simulations that are much faster than ordinary flat simulations. It is further shown that hierarchical design can permit the efficient simulation of circuits that cannot be simulated on a single workstation using ordinary flat simulation. Aggressive use of hierarchy is used to demonstrate the simulation of circuits containing as many as four billion (4,000,000,000) gates.
Defenses of the Hamster Lung against Human Neutrophil and Porcine Pancreatic Elastase (1988)

Instillation of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) into hamster lungs produces milder emphysema but more pulmonary hemorrhage than an equivalent amount of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE), whether equivalence is determined by elastolytic units or moles. We undertook a study of the mechanisms of these differences. 125I-HNE or 3H-PPE were instilled intratracheally into hamsters. The partitioning of radioactivity between bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) and lung tissue was similar for HNE and PPE as were the half-lives, 45 and 51 min, respectively, for uncomplexed, enzymatically active HNE and PPE. In BAL there was preferential binding and inactivation of HNE by the hamsters' alpha-1-protease inhibitor (a-1-PI) whereas PPE was preferentially bound by alpha-2-macroglobulin (a-2-M). This was also observed in vitro when HNE and PPE were incubated with plasma from untreated hamsters. Nevertheless, when the sum of the elastase binding capacity of a-1-PI and a-2-M was considered, hamster plasma had similar binding capacities for HNE and PPE. It is known that the enzymatic activity of elastases is inhibited by formation of a stable complex with a-1-PI. On the other hand, elastases bound to a-2-M are protected against a-1-PI inhibition but can free themselves by proteolysis and exhibit elastolytic activity. Preferential inactivation of HNE by a-1-PI may be one mechanism that accounts for the lesser emphysema-inducing potency of HNE than of PPE.
Thermoreversible Gele auf Polysaccharidbasis (Übersichtsartikel) (1984)

Abstract Nach einem Überblick über physikochemisches Verhalten, Strukturbildung und Charakterisierung thermoreversibler Polysaccharidgele werden, gegliedert nach den Stoffklassen der „Polygalactane”︁ und der „Polyglucane”︁, die einzelnen Stoffsysteme unter Betonung struktureller Aspekte besprochen. Im Vordergrund stehen dabei gelbildende Polysaccharide aus Rot‐ und Braunalgen; daneben werden gelbildende Maltodextrine und Cellulosesulfate behandelt. Abschließend wird auf einige Zusammenhänge zwischen chemischer Struktur und Gelbildungseigenschaften sowie auf offene wissenschaftliche Probleme bei thermoreversiblen Gelen aus Polysacchariden eingegangen.
Effects of Milk Processing on the Milk Fat Globule Membrane Constituents (2011)

Effects of Milk Processing on the Milk Fat Globule Membrane Constituents Xiomara E. Elías-Argote The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is avidly studied by many groups of scientists around the world due to its unprecedented nutritional and functional properties; however, limited research has been performed on the effects of milk processing on the chemical changes of the MFGM. Thus, this study highlights the changes that lipids and proteins undergo from the time milk leaves cow’s udders. Cooling (4 °C) was included along with subsequent pasteurization by different traditional thermal processes and cold pasteurization by pulse light ultra violet treatment. Cooling milk to 4 °C had a measureable effect on the MFGM composition, resulting in protein alterations, particularly to butyrophilin and adipophilin. Thermal treatments disturbed the native structures of molecules and increased the adsorption of milk and whey proteins on the globules, especially a-lactalbumin and b-lactoglobulin. As the heat intensity increased, the aggregation of fat globules became more pronounced due to protein interactions. Intrinsic MFGM proteins also varied in relative abundance during the processing steps. The concentrations of polar lipids did not change during processing, with the exception of phosphatidylserine, which decreased during the cooling and thermal treatments. Cold pasteurization (UV treatment) had a minimal effect on fat globules and MFGM proteins. Since the MFGM promises to deliver nutritional effects and more when included in food products, currently HTST pasteurization was shown to be the best method to process milk and obtain MFGM isolates for further supplementation.
Breeding relationships among several species of <i>Agaricus</i> (1984)

We have examined the breeding behavior of several species of Agaricus including the cultivated A. brunnescens and the wild A. bitorquis, A. vaporarius, A. arvensis, A. campestris, A. silvicola, and A. placomyces. For A. brunnescens, two homo-karyons carrying auxotrophic mutations and compatible mating types were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection. A stable, prototrophic heterokaryon was recovered by nutritional selection from a pairing of the two auxotrophic strains. The two nuclear types were recovered from the heterokaryon by the formation and regeneration of protoplasts, many of which were homokaryotic. In A. bitorquis, a distinct macroscopic interaction correlated with dikaryon formation was observed in compatible matings of single-spore isolates. Fluffy zones of dikaryotic mycelium appeared in compatible pairings where the two cultures met. Mating among monosporous isolates was specified by unifactorial heterothallism. These observations of A. bitorquis were similar to those reported by others. Pairings of isolates from different stocks indicated a minimum of eight incompatibility alleles among 10 stocks of A. bitorquis. Although migration of nuclei generally does not occur in Agaricus, one stock of A. bitorquis produced monosporous isolates with nuclei that migrated through the resident mycelium of some compatible mates. The migration was evident as a fluffy zone of dikaryotic hyphae that spread unilaterally in a pairing. Monosporous isolates of A. vaporarius showed distinct mating interactions similar to those in A. bitorquis. No mating interactions were observed in pairings of sibling monosporous isolates of any of the other species examined. When isolates of different taxonomic species were paired, no reactions suggestive of compatibility were observed between A. brunnescens, A. bitorquis, A. vaporarius, or any of the other species.
Climate change and forests (1990)

Factors governing long-term change in global temperature are reviewed. The magnitude and rate of change in global temperature resulting from current increases in the concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases are considered in relation to their impact on forests. Movement in forest zone boundaries at a rate of 2.5 km year(-1) are possible, which is nearly ten times the rate forests have been known to move by natural reproduction. Climate models indicate that increased global temperature will affect rainfall distribution, lead to more frequent and more severe storms and increase climatic variability. Consequences for the world's forests include increased frequencies of fire and blow-down, and wide-spread decline. Increased atmospheric CO(2) concentrations may increase forest growth where the effect is not offset by reduced precipitation, but the overall effect of anticipated changes in global climate is likely to be widespread loss of forests.
A robust method for 3D noise attenuation (2000)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2000A robust method for 3D noise attenuationAuthors: Ruben D. MartinezWilliam H. KampsVictor A. TakhRuben D. MartinezPGS Seres, William H. KampsPGS SPS, and Victor A. TakhPGS SPShttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1815854 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1815854FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited BySeismic signal recovery in the presence of high noise levelsAlejandro D. Alcudia and Ruben D. Martinez21 October 2010A robust amplitude preserving noise suppression method for land and OBS seismic dataStephen Reynolds, John Bice, and Ruben Martinez14 October 2009 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2000ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2000 Pages: 2484 publication data© 2000 Copyright © 2000 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 04 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Ruben D. Martinez, William H. Kamps, and Victor A. Takh, (2000), "A robust method for 3D noise attenuation," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 2077-2080. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1815854 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Preparation of Nitrile Containing Siloxane Triblock COpolymers and Their APplication As Stabilizers For Siloxane Magnetic Fluids (1996)

Nitrile containing siloxane block copolymers were developed as stabilizers for siloxane magnetic fluids. The siloxane magnetic fluids have been recently proposed as internal tamponades for retinal detachment surgery. PDMS-b-PCPMS-b-PDMSs (PDMS = polydimethylsiloxane, PCPMS = poly(3-cyanopropylmethylsiloxane) were successfully prepared through kinetically controlled polymerization of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane initiated by lithium silanolate endcapped PCPMS macroinitiators. The macroinitiators were prepared by equilibrating mixtures of 3- cyanopropylmethylcyclosiloxanes (DxCN) and dilithium diphenylsilanediolate (DLDPS). DxCNs were synthesized by hydrolysis of 3-cyanopropylmethyldichlorosilane, followed by cyclization and equilibration of the resultant hydrolysates. DLDPS was prepared by deprotonation of diphenylsilanediol with diphenylmethyllithium. It was found that mixtures of DxCN and DLDPS could be equilibrated at 100°C within 5-10 hours. By controlling the DxCN-to-DLDPS ratio, macroinitiators of different molecular weights could be obtained. The major cyclics in the macroinitiator equilibrate are tetramer (8.6 ± 0.7 wt%), pentamer (6.3 ± 0.8 wt%) and hexamer (2.1 ± 0.5 wt%). 2.5k-2.5k-2.5k, 4k-4k-4k, and 8k-8k-8k triblock copolymers were prepared and characterized. These triblock copolymers are transparent, microphase separated and highly viscous liquids. It was found that these triblock copolymers can stabilize nanometer gamma-Fe₂O₃ and cobalt particles in octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane or hexane. Hence PDMS-b-PCPMS -b-PDMSs represent a class of promising steric stabilizers for silicone magnetic fluids.
Isoquinolines. 7. Reaction of ethylene oxide with isoquinolines. Novel isoquinolone and oxazolidine formation (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsoquinolines. 7. Reaction of ethylene oxide with isoquinolines. Novel isoquinolone and oxazolidine formationCrist N. Filer, Felix E. Granchelli, Albert H. Soloway, and John L. NeumeyerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 4, 672–675Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1978https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00398a033RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views164Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (539 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Isolation and Identification of Alkaline Lipase Producing Microorganisms, Cultural Conditions and Some Properties of Crude Enzymes (1977)

Journal Article Isolation and Identification of Alkaline Lipase Producing Microorganisms, Cultural Conditions and Some Properties of Crude Enzymes Get access Nobuhiro Watanabe, Nobuhiro Watanabe Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Present address: Research Laboratories, Sapporo Breweries Ltd., Meguro-ku, Tokyo. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yasuhide Ota, Yasuhide Ota Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yasuji Minoda, Yasuji Minoda Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Koichi Yamada Koichi Yamada Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Present address: Research Laboratories, Sapporo Breweries Ltd., Meguro-ku, Tokyo. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 41, Issue 8, 1 August 1977, Pages 1353–1358, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1977.10862697 Published: 01 August 1977 Article history Received: 29 November 1976 Published: 01 August 1977
Chlorogenic Acid and Hydroxynitrobenzaldehyde: New Inhibitors of Hepatic Glucose 6-Phosphatase (1997)

We have studied the interactions of chlorogenic acid (CHL) and 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde (HNB) with the components of the rat hepatic glucose 6-phosphatase (Glc-6-Pase) system. CHL and HNB are competitive inhibitors of glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) hydrolysis in intact microsomes with Ki values of 0.26 and 0.22 mm, respectively. CHL is without effect on the enzyme of fully disrupted microsomes or the system inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPiase) activity. HNB is a potent competitive inhibitor of the system PPiase activity (Ki = 0.56 mm) and a somewhat weaker noncompetitive inhibitor of enzyme activity (Ki = 2.1 mm). These findings indicate CHL binds to T1, the Glc-6-P transporter, and HNB inhibits through interaction with both T1 and T2 the phosphate (Pi)-PPi transporter. Binding of CHL and HNB is freely reversible. However, the inhibition of both PPiase and Glc-6-Pase by HNB becomes irreversible following incubation of HNB-exposed microsomes with 2.5 mm sodium borohydride, indicating that inhibition involves the formation of a Schiff base. The presence of CHL effectively protects T1, but not T2, against the irreversible inhibition by HNB. In contrast, PPi and Pi are effective in protecting T2, but not T1. This is the first report describing an effective inhibitor of the system PPiase activity (T2). CHL is the most specific T1 inhibitor described to date.