gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Response of malignant glioma cell lines to activation and inhibition of protein kinase C-mediated pathways (1990)

To evaluate the role of protein kinase C-mediated pathways in the proliferation of malignant gliomas, this study examined the effect of a protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate or TPA) and a protein kinase C inhibitor (polymyxin B) on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis of malignant glioma cells in vitro. A serum-free chemically defined medium, MCDB 105, was employed for all studies. Two established human malignant glioma cell lines (T98G and U138), two rat glioma lines (9L and C6), and two low-passage human glioma lines (obtained from surgical specimens) were studied. With the exception of the C6 line, all tumors responded in a dose-dependent fashion to nanomolar concentrations of TPA with a median effective dose that varied from 0.5 ng/ml for the U138 glioma to 1 ng/ml for the T98G glioma. At optimal concentrations (5 to 10 ng/ml), TPA produced a two- to five-fold increase in the rate of DNA synthesis (p less than 0.05) as assessed by incorporation of 3H-thymidine. However, TPA had no additive effect on the mitogenic response produced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Inhibition of PKC using the antibiotic polymyxin B (20 micrograms/ml) abolished the TPA-induced mitogenic response in the five responsive lines tested. In two tumors (U138 and 9L), polymyxin B also eliminated EGF-, PDGF-, and serum-induced DNA synthesis as well as abolishing baseline DNA synthesis. These cells remained viable, however, as assessed by trypan blue exclusion; after removal of polymyxin B from the medium, they were able to resume DNA synthesis in response to TPA and serum. In the three other tumors (T98G and the two low-passage human glioma lines), growth factor-induced and serum-induced DNA synthesis were inhibited by approximately 25% to 85%. It is concluded that PKC-mediated pathways affect DNA synthesis in the human malignant glial tumors studied. The response of the glioma cells to TPA is similar to the responses seen in fetal astrocytes, but differs significantly from those reported for normal adult glial cultures. Because the response of the 9L glioma to TPA is similar to the responses seen in the human tumors, the 9L rat glioma model may prove useful for examining the role of PKC-mediated pathways in controlling glioma growth in vivo.
Looking for needles in a haystack: Detecting counterfeits in large scale RFID systems using batch authentication protocol (2012)

RFID is a promising technology for anti-counterfeiting since it facilitates processing of product information. In large scale RFID applications (such as - supply chain, retail industry, pharmaceutical industry, etc.) tag authentication is used to detect counterfeit products. However, RFID authentication protocols are mainly per-tag based where reader needs to authenticate tags sequentially one at a time. This increases the protocol execution time due to large volume of authentication data. In this paper, we propose to detect counterfeit tags in large scale system using efficient batch authentication. We propose FSA based protocol, FTest, to meet the requirements of prompt and reliable batch authentication in large scale RFID applications. FTest can determine the validity of a batch of tags with minimal execution time which is a major goal of large scale RFID systems. FTest can reduce protocol execution time by ensuring that the percentage of potential counterfeit products is under the user-defined threshold. The experimental result demonstrates that FTest performs significantly better than the existing counterfeit detection approaches, e.g. authentication techniques.
Mutation of <i>SDHB</i> is a Cause of Hypoxia-Related High-Altitude Paraganglioma (2010)

This is the first report of a SDH gene mutation in paraganglioma at high altitude. A rapidly recurrent head and neck paraganglioma is a very rare finding in an SDH mutation carrier, suggesting a gene-environment interaction. Neither patient showed evidence of sympathetic paraganglioma.
Application Accuracy of an Electromagnetic Field-Based Image-Guided Navigation System (2006)

Accuracy of image-guided localization using an electromagnetic field guidance system is similar to that reported for optically guided systems.
Apomab, a fully human agonistic antibody to DR5, exhibits potent antitumor activity against primary and metastatic breast cancer (2009)

Apomab, a fully human agonistic DR5 monoclonal antibody, triggers apoptosis through activation of the extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. In this study, we assessed the cytotoxic effect of Apomab in vitro and evaluated its antitumor activity in murine models of breast cancer development and progression. MDA-MB-231-TXSA breast cancer cells were transplanted into the mammary fat pad or directly into the tibial marrow cavity of nude mice. Apomab was administered early, postcancer cell transplantation, or after tumors progressed to an advanced stage. Tumor burden was monitored progressively using bioluminescence imaging, and the development of breast cancer-induced osteolysis was measured using microcomputed tomography. In vitro, Apomab treatment induced apoptosis in a panel of breast cancer cell lines but was without effect on normal human primary osteoblasts, fibroblasts, or mammary epithelial cells. In vivo, Apomab exerted remarkable tumor suppressive activity leading to complete regression of well-advanced mammary tumors. All animals transplanted with breast cancer cells directly into their tibiae developed large osteolytic lesions that eroded the cortical bone. In contrast, treatment with Apomab following an early treatment protocol inhibited both intraosseous and extraosseous tumor growth and prevented breast cancer-induced osteolysis. In the delayed treatment protocol, Apomab treatment resulted in the complete regression of advanced tibial tumors with progressive restoration of both trabecular and cortical bone leading to full resolution of osteolytic lesions. Apomab represents a potent immunotherapeutic agent with strong activity against the development and progression of breast cancer and should be evaluated in patients with primary and metastatic disease.
Imaging of vulnerable coronary artery plaques (2007)

Advances in the identification of vulnerable plaque can be an important step in preventing myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. The recognition that non-flow-limiting plaques often produce cardiac events has led to the development of invasive and non-invasive methods to identify such plaques prospectively. This review will present the use of noninvasive imaging modalities for identifying vulnerable plaque such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. We will also review the different invasive modalities such as intravascular magnetic resonance imaging, intravascular ultrasound, coronary angioscopy, coronary thermography, optical coherence tomography, near-infrared spectroscopy, and palpography.
Diagnostic testing of embedded memories using BIST (2002)

The increasing use of large embedded memories in systems-on-chips requires automatic memory reconfiguration to avoid the need for external accessibility. In this work, effective diagnostic memory tests of linear order O(N) are proposed that enable memory reconfiguration, and their diagnostic capabilities are analyzed. In particular, these tests allow single-cell faults to be distinguished from multiple-cell faults, such as coupling faults. In contrast to conventional O(N) tests, all cells involved in a fault are detected and localized, which allows complete reconfiguration using minimal-area BIST hardware that compares favorably with other BIST designs.
3D Scene Creation Using Story-Based Descriptions (2005)

Developments in the creation of 3D virtual environments have made this a popular approach in a variety of applications. However, creating 3D scenes still requires professionals to spend an enormous amount of effort and time on it. In this paper, we present a fully implemented prototype system called 3DSV (3D Story Visualiser) that generates a virtual scene by using simplified story-based descriptions. This prototype system is based on the integration of advances in computer graphics and text-tovisualization technology to generate 3D virtual environment. This makes it easier and faster for nonprofessionals to create 3D environments compared to using traditional 3D design packages.
Identification of the Biosynthetic Gene Cluster and an Additional Gene for Resistance to the Antituberculosis Drug Capreomycin (2007)

ABSTRACT Capreomycin (CMN) belongs to the tuberactinomycin family of nonribosomal peptide antibiotics that are essential components of the drug arsenal for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Members of this antibiotic family target the ribosomes of sensitive bacteria and disrupt the function of both subunits of the ribosome. Resistance to these antibiotics in Mycobacterium species arises due to mutations in the genes coding for the 16S or 23S rRNA but can also arise due to mutations in a gene coding for an rRNA-modifying enzyme, TlyA. While Mycobacterium species develop resistance due to alterations in the drug target, it has been proposed that the CMN-producing bacterium, Saccharothrix mutabilis subsp. capreolus , uses CMN modification as a mechanism for resistance rather than ribosome modification. To better understand CMN biosynthesis and resistance in S. mutabilis subsp. capreolus , we focused on the identification of the CMN biosynthetic gene cluster in this bacterium. Here, we describe the cloning and sequence analysis of the CMN biosynthetic gene cluster from S. mutabilis subsp. capreolus ATCC 23892. We provide evidence for the heterologous production of CMN in the genetically tractable bacterium Streptomyces lividans 1326. Finally, we present data supporting the existence of an additional CMN resistance gene. Initial work suggests that this resistance gene codes for an rRNA-modifying enzyme that results in the formation of CMN-resistant ribosomes that are also resistant to the aminoglycoside antibiotic kanamycin. Thus, S. mutabilis subsp. capreolus may also use ribosome modification as a mechanism for CMN resistance.
[The pattern of distribution of polonium-210 in the superficial soil layer in Moscow]. (2000)

The pattern of distribution of 210Po, 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K was studied in the superficial soil layer of Moscow. There was a correlation between the soil levels of the natural uranium decay products 210Po and 226Ra. The ratio of specific 210Po, 226Ra activities was 1.3 +/- 2.6 in the soil samples. There is a close correlation between the soil levels of 210Po and its organic substance. The specific activities of the natural radionuclides in the Moscow soil were as follows: 210Po 30-50 Bk/kg, 226Ra 10-30 Bk/kg, 232Th 10-30 Bk/kg, and 40K 200-400 Bk/kg. These levels are no greater than those of those of natural radionuclides in the Earth's crust.
Synthesis of Crystalline-Phase Silica-Based Calcium Phosphonate Nanomaterials and Their Transport in Carbonate and Sandstone Porous Media (2011)

Phosphonates are widely used scale inhibitors in oilfields for scale control. In this study, crystalline-phase calcium phosphonate nanomaterials were prepared from amorphous silica-templated calcium phosphonate precipitates that were matured into crystalline phases by a simple diafiltration process. The crystalline solids were further dispersed into a surfactant solution to form a nanomaterial suspension (nanofluid) by ultrasonic treatment to expand their use in the delivery of phosphonate inhibitors into formation core materials for scale control. The physical and chemical properties of the synthesized crystalline nanomaterials were characterized by chemical analysis, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The transport of the synthesized nanofluids through calcite and sandstone media was investigated using laboratory column breakthrough experiments. The nanofluids were transported through these media at different breakthrough levels. The experimental transport data were correlated using an advection−diffusion equation, as well as colloid filtration theory, with emphasis on the effect of flow velocity on the particle transport. The maximum transport distance of the nanomaterials in porous media was estimated based on the flow velocity and the particle attachment efficiency.
Polydopamine-assisted decoration of ZnO nanorods with Ag nanoparticles: an improved photoelectrochemical anode (2013)

The modification of zinc oxide (ZnO) with silver (Ag) has proven to be an effective strategy to enhance the optical and electrical properties, in which the interactions between ZnO and Ag are critically determined by the structure and morphology of the ZnO–Ag hybrids. In order to achieve homogeneous and controllable distribution, polydopamine (PDA) was introduced via in situpolymerization to assist the decoration of ZnO nanorods (NRs) with Ag nanoparticles (NPs). Compared with pristine ZnO NRs, the light absorption is significantly enhanced for the PDA assisted Ag-decorated ZnO, which is attributed to the Ag NPs as well as the carbonized PDA thin film. Ag NPs of small size enhance the multiple/high-angle scattering from localized plasmonic effect, which increases the light path length hence traps more light. The carbonized PDA film is further beneficial to the absorption of the visible light. The Ag-decorated ZnO NRs on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glasses were then used as photoanodes of the photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell. The short circuit current density (JSC, 1.8 mA cm−2), maximum photo current conversion efficiency (PCE, 3.9%) and lifetime (3.07 mA cm−2 at 500 seconds) are achieved with an optimized loading of Ag nanoparticles derived from 0.01 M silver nitrate (AgNO3), which are found to be much higher than those of pristine ZnO NRs and other reported Ag–ZnO-based photoanodes. The overall PEC performance improvement is attributed to the localized plasmonic effect enhanced light harvesting as well as the facilitated charge transport and inhibition of recombination of electrons and holes from both Ag nanoparticles that act as an electron acceptor and carbonized PDA film as stabilizer and separator.
Real-Time Garbage Collection for Java (2006)

Automatic memory management or garbage collection greatly simplifies the development of large systems. However, garbage collection is usually not used in real-time systems due to the unpredictable temporal behavior of current implementations of a garbage collector. In this paper we propose a concurrent collector that is scheduled periodically in the same way as ordinary application threads. We provide an upper bound for the collector period so that the application threads never run out of memory
<b>A New and Selective Oxidation of Alcohols</b> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New and Selective Oxidation of AlcoholsK. E. Pfitzner and J. G. MoffattCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 19, 3027–3028Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00902a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00902a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4491Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hans Pfitzner and the Anxiety of Nostalgic Modernism (2007)

The perception of sound unfolds in the modernist imagination across a trajectory of polar oppositions that are legacies of long-standing musical traditions. Already in the nineteenth century, Wagner's juxtaposition of German versus non-German aesthetic practice formed a conceptual nexus, a structure of thought, that reappears in the works of Nietzsche, with its polarization of northern and southern art, and in the reflections on music in the writings of a host of celebrated German and Austrian authors of the early twentieth century, such as Hauptmann, Dauthendey, Schnitzler, Werfel, Hesse, and Thomas Mann, and of course in the critical reflections of Theodor Adorno.KeywordsMusic DramaMusical TraditionPsychological InvestmentPolar OppositionAustrian AuthorThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Sequence-Specific Detection of Femtomolar DNA via a Chronocoulometric DNA Sensor (CDS):  Effects of Nanoparticle-Mediated Amplification and Nanoscale Control of DNA Assembly at Electrodes (2006)

We herein report a novel nanoparticle-based electrochemical DNA detection approach. This DNA sensor is based on a "sandwich" detection strategy, which involves capture probe DNA immobilized on gold electrodes and reporter probe DNA labeled with gold nanoparticles that flank the target DNA sequence. Electrochemical signals are generated by chronocoulometric interrogation of [Ru(NH(3))(6)](3+) that quantitatively binds to surface-confined capture probe DNA via electrostatic interactions. We demonstrated that the incorporation of a gold nanoparticle in this sensor design significantly enhanced the sensitivity and the selectivity. Nanoscale control of the self-assembly process of DNA probes at gold electrodes further increased the sensor performance. As a result of these two combined effects, this DNA sensor could detect as low as femtomolar (zeptomoles) DNA targets and exhibited excellent selectivity against even a single-base mismatch. In addition, this novel DNA sensor showed fairly good reproducibility, stability, and reusability.
[Hybridase cleavage of RNA. IV. Oligonucleotide probes containing 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoronucleoside and arabinofuranosylcytosine]. (1991)

A synthesis of synthons which allow one to introduce 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoropyrimidine derivatives into the oligodeoxynucleotide chain by means of the standard solid phase phosphoramidite method has been developed. Oligonucleotides with 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine were synthesized using either aC derivative with the unprotected 2'-OH group or O2,2'-anhydro-4-thiouridine. The synthesis of seven modified oligonucleotides (7 to 11 nucleotide residues) is described and their ability to form duplexes with complementary DNA have investigated as well as RNase H hydrolysis of hybrids formed by the E. coli 5S RNA and the obtained oligonucleotide probes.
Adaptively Learning Local Shape Statistics for Prostate Segmentation in Ultrasound (2010)

Automatic segmentation of the prostate from 2-D transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is a highly desired tool in many clinical applications. However, it is a very challenging task, especially for segmenting the base and apex of the prostate due to the large shape variations in those areas compared to the midgland, which leads many existing segmentation methods to fail. To address the problem, this paper presents a novel TRUS video segmentation algorithm using both global population-based and patient-specific local shape statistics as shape constraint. By adaptively learning shape statistics in a local neighborhood during the segmentation process, the algorithm can effectively capture the patient-specific shape statistics and quickly adapt to the local shape changes in the base and apex areas. The learned shape statistics is then used as the shape constraint in a deformable model for TRUS video segmentation. The proposed method can robustly segment the entire gland of the prostate with significantly improved performance in the base and apex regions, compared to other previously reported methods. Our method was evaluated using 19 video sequences obtained from different patients and the average mean absolute distance error was 1.65 ± 0.47 mm.
New biomaterials through surface segregation phenomenon: New quaternary ammonium compounds as antibacterial agents (1994)

Five new trisiloxane quaternary ammonium compounds were synthesized from hydrotrisiloxane with allyl glycidyl ether to yield the epoxy function. Various amines were then reacted to yield trisiloxane amines which were further reacted to methyl substitute or oxidize the beta-carbons in order to provide thermal stability. These new compounds were employed as melt additives in a nonwoven polypropylene fiber extrusion process to produce, through surface segregation, a new biomaterial with antibacterial properties.
Southern analysis of human head and neck cancer cells for homologous sequences using yeast gamma repair genes (1988)

We employed southern analysis to examine homology between yeast genes RAD 51, RAD 52, RAD 54, and RAD 55 for possible gamma repair genes in radioresistant or repair proficient human tumor cell lines and normal placental DNA. No homology wa observed; however, other strategies including further gene restriction and transfection are underway to identify repair genes in human tumors. Understanding mechanisms of radiation repair might lead to more effective clinical radiation treatment protocols.
Sickle cell pain: a critical reappraisal (2012)

Sickle cell pain includes 3 types: acute recurrent painful crises, chronic pain syndromes, and neuropathic pain. The acute painful crisis is the hallmark of the disease and the most common cause of hospitalization and treatment in the emergency department. It evolves through 4 phases: prodromal, initial, established, and resolving. Each acute painful episode is associated with inflammation that worsens with recurrent episodes, often culminating in serious complications and organ damage, such as acute chest syndrome, multiorgan failure, and sudden death. Three pathophysiologic events operate in unison during the prodromal phase of the crisis: vaso-occlusion, inflammation, and nociception. Aborting the acute painful episode at the prodromal phase could potentially prevent or minimize tissue damage. Our hypothesis is that managing these events with hydration, anti-inflammatory drugs, aggressive analgesia, and possibly vasodilators could abort the crisis and prevent or minimize further damage. Chronic pain syndromes are associated with or accompany avascular necrosis and leg ulcers. Neuropathic pain is not well studied in patients with sickle cell disease but has been modeled in the transgenic sickle mouse. Management of sickle cell pain should be based on its own pathophysiologic mechanisms rather than borrowing guidelines from other nonsickle pain syndromes.