gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time Forecasting and Control forOscillating Wave Energy Devices (2012)

Ocean wave energy represents a signicant resource of renewable energy and can make an
important contribution to the development of a more sustainable solution in support of the contemporary
society, which is becoming more and more energy intensive. A perspective is given on
the benefits that wave energy can introduce, in terms of variability of the power supply, when
combined with oshore wind.
Despite its potential, however, the technology for the generation of electricity from ocean waves
is not mature yet. In order to raise the economic performance of Wave energy converters (WECs),
still far from being competitive, a large scope exists for the improvement of their capacity factor
through more intelligent control systems. Most control solutions proposed in the literature, for
the enhancement of the power absorption of WECs, are not implemented in practise because
they require future knowledge of the wave elevation or wave excitation force. The non-causality
of the unconstrained optimal conditions, termed complex-conjugate control, for the maximum
wave energy absorption of WECs consisting of oscillating systems, is analysed. A link between
fundamental properties of the radiation of the 
floating body and the prediction horizon required
for an effective implementation of complex-conjugate control is identified.
An extensive investigation of the problem of wave elevation and wave excitation force forecasting
is then presented. The prediction is treated as a purely stochastic problem, where future
values of the wave elevation or wave excitation force are estimated from past measurements at the
device location only. The correlation of ocean waves, in fact, allows the achievement of accurate
predictions for 1 or 2 wave periods into the future, with linear Autoregressive (AR) models. A
relationship between predictability of the excitation force and excitation properties of the 
floating
body is also identified.
Finally, a controller for an oscillating wave energy device is developed. Based on the assumption
that the excitation force is a narrow-banded harmonic process, the controller is effectively tuned
through a single parameter of immediate physical meaning, for performance and motion constraint
handling. The non-causality is removed by the parametrisation, the only input of the controller
being an on-line estimate of the frequency and amplitude of the excitation force. Simulations in
(synthetic and real) irregular waves demonstrate that the solution allows the achievement of levels
of power capture that are very close to non-causal complex-conjugate control, in the unconstrained
case, and Model predictive control (MPC), in the constrained case. In addition, the hierarchical
structure of the proposed controller allows the treatment of the issue of robustness to model
uncertainties in quite a straightforward and effective way.
Effects of Different Titanium Sub-oxide on the Properties of Titanium Dioxide Thin Films Prepared by E-beam Evaporation Deposition with Ion Auxiliary (2006)

TiO_2 薄膜作为原料与 Ti_2O_3， Ti_3 O_5 和 TiO_2 被准备，由电子横梁蒸发免职，用象辅助工具的 O~(2-) 离子束(直到 99.99percent 的 O_2 纯净) 。样品的晶体结构被 X- 检查 -- 光线衍射(XRD ) 方法，和各种各样的原料的蒸发特性被分析。发射度系列通过一个 U-3310 分光光度计(从 200nm 到 900 跑的波长) 被测量。折射率 n 和电影的厚度被决定从，传播系列。当作为原料拿 Ti_3O_5 和 TiO_2 时，试验性的结果证明作为他们的原料拿 Ti_2 O_3 的薄膜有强壮的吸收，薄膜将有好光学性质。实验也显示出那，在 annealing 以后和 Ti_3O_5 是在 Ti-O 系统的一个适合的蒸发阶段以前，所有薄膜的晶体结构是非结晶的。
Discrete Stacking of Large Aromatic Molecules within Organic‐Pillared Coordination Cages (2005)

Metallzentren bilden die Ecken und stabförmige organische Moleküle die Kanten von Käfigen (siehe Schema), die bis zu drei große aromatische Gäste aufnehmen können, zwischen denen π-Wechselwirkungen auftreten. Wegen der effektiven Donor-Acceptor(D–A)-Wechselwirkungen werden folgende Stapelungen beobachtet: A–D–A (n=1), A–D–D–A (n=2) und A–D–A–D–A (n=3). Die Aufnahme einer geraden oder ungeraden Zahl von Gästen wirkt sich auf die UV/Vis-Spektren aus. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2005/z462171_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
<title>Quantum instability in resonance fluorescence excited by superposition of coherent states</title> (1996)

It's shown that the complex quantum structure of nonclassical superposition states is reflected in instability of resonance fluorescence driven by an optical field being initially excited into the superposition of two phase shifted coherent states.
The Effect of Pressure on the Dissociation of Carbonic Acid from Measurements with Buffered Glass Electrode Cells (1967)

The effect of pressure on the dissociation of carbonic acid has been investigated over a wide range of pH and ionic strength (0–1.0) in and , using junctionless glass electrode cell measurements. At and for the first and second ionization steps, respectively. The directly measured or shifts induced by pressure in sea water between are explained by the enhanced dissociation of , , , and , the effect of and the interference of boric acid . Values of the ionization functions and of carbonic acid, valid in natural seawater, have been determined at 22 °C, at 1 atm and at 1000 bars together with the apparent dissociation constants ( and used in oceanography to calculate , from in situ values. Corrections are given for different types of reference half‐cells, and an approach toward the absolute values of and in sea water is indicated.
Comparison of shape recovery ratios of single-piece poly(methyl methacrylate) intraocular lens haptics (1993)

We studied shape recovery ratios of several single- and three-piece intraocular lens (IOL) haptics after conducting compression tests for various lengths of time. Results of the comparison of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) IOL haptics configured of a single piece and of three pieces showed a superior shape recovery ratio for single-piece haptics. Comparisons of the shape recovery ratios among single-piece PMMA haptics and conventional three-piece haptics made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), PMMA, and polypropylene (PP) revealed that the shape recovery ratio of single-piece PMMA haptics was higher than the ratios of the conventional three-piece PMMA and PP haptics. The ratios of two of three of the single-piece PMMA haptics, however, were lower than the ratios of three-piece PVDF haptics. The form and manufacturing procedures of haptics likely have a significant impact on the shape recovery ratio of haptics, even those made of the same material. Since decentration after IOL surgery could be caused by the condition of the patient's lenticular capsule and Zinn's zonule, it is difficult to conclude that the shape recovery ratio is the only factor in IOL stability. Nevertheless, this study indicates that IOL haptics that cause less decentration and have better mechanical properties should be developed.
Sequential proton NMR assignments and secondary structure of hen egg white lysozyme in solution (1988)

Assignments for 1H NMR resonances of 121 of the 129 residues of hen egg white lysozyme have been obtained by sequence-specific methods. Spin systems were identified with phase-sensitive two-dimensional (2-D) correlated spectroscopy and single and double relayed coherence transfer spectroscopy. For key types of amino acid residues, particularly alanine, threonine, valine, and glycine, complete spin systems were identified. For other residues a less complete definition of the spin system was found to be adequate for the purpose of sequential assignment. Sequence-specific assignments were achieved by phase-sensitive 2-D nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (NOESY). Exploitation of the wide range of hydrogen exchange rates found in lysozyme was a useful approach to overcoming the problem of spectral overlap. The sequential assignment was built up from 21 peptide segments ranging in length from 2 to 13 residues. The NOESY spectra were also used to provide information about the secondary structure of the protein in solution. Three helical regions and two regions of beta-sheet were identified from the NOESY data; these regions are identical with those found in the X-ray structure of hen lysozyme. Slowly exchanging amides are generally correlated with hydrogen bonding identified in the X-ray structure; a number of exceptions to this general trend were, however, found. The results presented in this paper indicate that highly detailed information can be obtained from 2-D NMR spectra of a protein that is significantly larger than those studied previously.
Dermal Microvascular Endothelial Cells Express the 180-kDa Macrophage Mannose Receptor In Situ and In Vitro (2000)

Expression of the 180-kDa mannose receptor (MR) is mainly found on cells of the macrophage lineage. MR mediates the uptake of micro-organisms and host-derived glycoproteins. We demonstrate that endothelium of the human skin in situ and dermal microvascular endothelial cells (DMEC) in vitro expressed MR at both the protein and mRNA levels. In contrast, HUVEC were consistently negative for MR expression. DMEC internalized dextran as well as Escherichia coli by the way of MR into acidic phagosomes, only a few of which fused with CD63- and lysosomal-associated membrane glycoprotein-2-positive lysosomes. This contrasts with the situation in monocyte-derived dendritic cells, where almost all of the MR-Ag complexes reached CD63- and lysosomal-associated membrane glycoprotein-2-positive compartments, indicating differences in the phagolysosomal fusion rate between DMEC and dendritic cells. In conclusion, DMEC express functional MR, a finding that corroborates a role of skin endothelium in Ag capture/clearing.
Three Distinct Phases of HIV-1 RNA Decay in Treatment-Naive Patients Receiving Raltegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy: ACTG A5248 (2013)

Models using single-copy assay data revealed 3 phases of decay with RAL-containing ART, with a longer duration of first-phase decay consistent with RAL-mediated blockade of productive infection from preintegration complexes.
Integrated Water Management and Surveillance Strategies in a Giant Carbonate Field from Saudi Arabia (2013)

Abstract Excessive water production and unbalanced sweep in a water flooded reservoir can significantly impact oil production and increase water handling expenses, jeopardizing the overall economic recovery of hydrocarbon within the field. The objective of this paper is to provide a review of various integrated water management techniques successfully implemented in a carbonate field in Saudi Arabia, balanced under the critical monitoring eye of a systematic strategic surveillance program deployed to assess sweep efficiency across the field. Complex networks of super permeable streaks and sub vertical fractures highly influencing fluid transport media within the subsurface characterize this carbonate reservoir. Understanding fluid flow mechanism in this heterogeneous gravity dominated reservoir is a predominant factor influencing the various approaches designed to manage water production in the field. The key management strategies that have been introduced are horizontal sidetracking of existing vertical wells at the top of reservoir, rigless water shut-off jobs and employing cyclic production mode for wells with very high water cut. In addition, Inflow Control Device (ICD) completion technology is being deployed within lateral sections that have encountered flow dominating geological features, such as fractures or super-K, providing a practical, innovative solution for an effective homogenized flow distribution along the lateral intervals. Collectively, these employed practices have been found successful in substantially reducing water production and improving oil recovery as supported by field data. Concurrent with these water management strategies, sweep conformance and flood front movement are regularly monitored by conducting a rigorous Strategic Surveillance Master (SSM) plan across the whole field. The results from saturation and production profile logs confirm efficient vertical and areal sweep conformance and ensure the effectiveness of the integrated water management strategies employed in the field.
[Laser spectroscopy in the newborn infant--initial experiences]. (1989)

Equipment for near-infrared laserspectroscopy for clinical application is newly available. By this technique noninvasive monitoring of biochemical parameters is achievable. We report on our first experience with a Radiometer prototype for such NIR laserspectroscopy during measurements in 5 neonates. Laserdiodes provide emission at a wavelength of 775, 805, 845 and 904 nm. The registered signals are computerized aiming at a calculation of relative changes of saturated and unsaturated hemoglobine, changes in blood volume and cytochrome aa-3. In this article graphical display of the parameters give insights in the redoxstate and the hemodynamics of the biological sample. The near-infrared laserspectroscopy has the potential of becoming an instrument for the study of biophysical and biochemical alterations in the newborn.
Compiling affine loop nests for distributed-memory parallel architectures (2013)

We present new techniques for compilation of arbitrarily nested loops with affine dependences for distributed-memory parallel architectures. Our framework is implemented as a source-level transformer that uses the polyhedral model, and generates parallel code with communication expressed with the Message Passing Interface (MPI) library. Compared to all previous approaches, ours is a significant advance either (1) with respect to the generality of input code handled, or (2) efficiency of communication code, or both. We provide experimental results on a cluster of multicores demonstrating its effectiveness. In some cases, code we generate outperforms manually parallelized codes, and in another case is within 25% of it. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work reporting end-to-end fully automatic distributed-memory parallelization and code generation for input programs and transformation techniques as general as those we allow.
Cycle-consistency training for end-to-end speech recognition (2018)

This paper presents a method to train end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models using unpaired data. Although the end-to-end approach can eliminate the need for expert knowledge such as pronunciation dictionaries to build ASR systems, it still requires a large amount of paired data, i.e., speech utterances and their transcriptions. Cycle-consistency losses have been recently proposed as a way to mitigate the problem of limited paired data. These approaches compose a reverse operation with a given transformation, e.g., text-to-speech (TTS) with ASR, to build a loss that only requires unsupervised data, speech in this example. Applying cycle consistency to ASR models is not trivial since fundamental information, such as speaker traits, are lost in the intermediate text bottleneck. To solve this problem, this work presents a loss that is based on the speech encoder state sequence instead of the raw speech signal. This is achieved by training a Text-To-Encoder model and defining a loss based on the encoder reconstruction error. Experimental results on the LibriSpeech corpus show that the proposed cycle-consistency training reduced the word error rate by 14.7% from an initial model trained with 100-hour paired data, using an additional 360 hours of audio data without transcriptions. We also investigate the use of text-only data mainly for language modeling to further improve the performance in the unpaired data training scenario.
Organic Electroluminescent Bis(diarylamino) Dibenzofuran Derivatives (2006)

Abstract A new series of 2,8‐disubstituted dibenzofuran derivatives ( dbf ) have been synthesized via palladium‐catalyzed coupling reactions of 2,8‐diiododibenzofuran and diarylamines. These compounds are amorphous with a glass transition temperature ranging from 65 to 193 °C. The emission colors of the materials vary from blue to bluish green. Two types of double‐layer organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated using these compounds as hole‐transporting/emitting layers and TPBI or Alq 3 as an electron‐transporting layer: (I) ITO/ dbf /TPBI/Mg:Ag and (II) ITO/ dbf /Alq 3 /Mg:Ag (TPBI = 1,3,5‐tris( N ‐phenylbenzimidazol‐2‐yl)‐benzene; Alq 3 = tris(8‐hydroxyquinoline)aluminum). In general, type I and type II devices have excitons confined in the hole‐transporting and the electron‐transporting layers, respectively. Some blue‐emitting devices of type I have promising performance.
Synergistic Signaling in Fetal Brain by STAT3-Smad1 Complex Bridged by p300 (1999)

The cytokines LIF (leukemia inhibitory factor) and BMP2 (bone morphogenetic protein-2) signal through different receptors and transcription factors, namely STATs (signal transducers and activators of transcription) and Smads. LIF and BMP2 were found to act in synergy on primary fetal neural progenitor cells to induce astrocytes. The transcriptional coactivator p300 interacts physically with STAT3 at its amino terminus in a cytokine stimulation-independent manner, and with Smad1 at its carboxyl terminus in a cytokine stimulation-dependent manner. The formation of a complex between STAT3 and Smad1, bridged by p300, is involved in the cooperative signaling of LIF and BMP2 and the subsequent induction of astrocytes from neural progenitors.
The Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-2-(3)-benzofuranone and of 4-Hydroxymandelic Acid (1936)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-2-(3)-benzofuranone and of 4-Hydroxymandelic AcidKurt Ladenburg, Karl Folkers, and Randolph T. MajorCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1936, 58, 7, 1292–1294Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1936Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1936https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01298a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01298a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views345Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Potentiating Effect of UVA Irradiation on Anticancer Activity of Carboplatin Derivatives Involving 7-Azaindoles (2015)

The moderate-to-high in vitro cytotoxicity against ovarian A2780 (IC50 = 4.7-14.4 μM), prostate LNCaP (IC50 = 18.7-30.8 μM) and prostate PC-3 (IC50 = 17.6-42.3 μM) human cancer cell lines of the platinum(II) cyclobutane-1,1'-dicarboxylato complexes [Pt(cbdc)(naza)2] (1-6; cbdc = cyclobutane-1,1'-dicarboxylate(2-); naza = halogeno-substituted 7-azaindoles), derived from the anticancer metallodrug carboplatin, are reported. The complexes containing the chloro- and bromo-substituted 7-azaindoles (1, 2, and 4-6) showed a significantly higher (p < 0.05) cytotoxicity against A2780 cell line as compared to cisplatin used as a reference drug. Addition of the non-toxic concentration (5.0 μM) of L-buthionine sulfoximine (L-BSO, an effective inhibitor of γ-glutamylcysteine synthase) markedly increases the in vitro cytotoxicity of the selected complex 3 against A2780 cancer cell line by a factor of about 4.4. The cytotoxicity against A2780 and LNCaP cells, as well as the DNA platination, were effectively enhanced by UVA light irradiation (λmax = 365 nm) of the complexes, with the highest phototoxicity determined for compound 3, resulting in a 4-fold decline in the A2780 cells viability from 25.1% to 6.1%. The 1H NMR and ESI-MS experiments suggested that the complexes did not interact with glutathione as well as their ability to interact with guanosine monophosphate. The studies also confirmed UVA light induced the formation of the cis [Pt(H2O)2(cbdc`)(naza)] intermediate, where cbdc` represents monodentate-coordinated cbdc ligand, which is thought to be responsible for the enhanced cytotoxicity. This is further supported by the results of transcription mapping experiments showing that the studied complexes preferentially form the bifunctional adducts with DNA under UVA irradiation, in contrast to the formation of the less effective monofunctional adducts in dark.
Objective Criteria for the Interpretation of Carotid Artery Spectral Analysis Patterns (1982)

The duplex scanner (imager + pulsed Doppler) in combination with a fast Fourier transform spectrum analyzer has been used to identify areas of arterial narrowing. To evaluate its effectiveness in the detection of clinically significant carotid stenosis, 1 previously described and 2 original objective parameters were applied to the real time sound frequency tracings from 157 carotid arteries that also had angiograms available to determine the presence and degree of stenotic involvement. There was a statistically significant difference between the means of the test scores of the group of vessels with high grade narrowing (greater than or equal to 60%) and those with less than 40% stenosis for all 3 criteria. Of major clinical interest were our 2 parameters, the 3-point diastolic internal carotid frequency total and the internal-to-common carotid spectral area ratio, both of which showed considerable promise as predictors of stenotic disease. For each test, 40/46 (87%) of the test scores of the arteries with 50% or greater narrowing fell outside 2 standard deviations (95% confidence level) of the means of the vessels with less than 50% stenosis. A previously reported parameter, the internal-to-common carotid peak systolic frequency ratio, was notably less discriminant in this regard.
Preparation of in-plane textured Y2O3-doped ZrO2 thin film on polycrystalline metallic tape by modified bias sputtering (1994)

Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin films with in-plane texturing were successfully deposited on polycrystalline metal tape (Hastelloy) by modified bias sputtering. Two specially devices electrodes installed in a sputtering system generated a characteristic plasma with a parabolic shape. A directionally aligned argon ion flux extracted from this plasma appeared to impinge obliquely on the growing film. X-ray measurements revealed that the resulting YSZ films exhibited clear in-plane grain texturing as well as a strong (001) orientation. The best YSZ films grown on Hastelloy substrates had Δφ [full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of a peak in φ scan]=20° and Δω (FWHM of a peak in the rocking curve)=5°. An advantage of this new bias sputtering technique was pointed out in its applicability to the growth of YSZ as a buffer layer on a relatively long metal tape for deposition of YBa2Cu3Oy superconducting thin films.