gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pulsed Laser Deposition and Electrochemical Characterization of LiFePO<sub>4</sub>–Ag Composite Thin Films (2007)

Abstract A simple approach is proposed to enhance the electrical conductivity of olivine‐structured LiFePO 4 thin films by uniformly dispersing small fractions of highly conductive silver (ca. 1.37 wt %) throughout the LiFePO 4 film. In this approach, a highly densified (>85 %) LiFePO 4 –Ag target was first fabricated by coating conductive silver nanoparticles onto the surfaces of hydrothermally synthesized LiFePO 4 ultrafine particles by a soft chemical route. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) was then employed to deposit LiFePO 4 –Ag composite thin films on the Si/SiO 2 /Ti/Pt substrates. The PLD experimental parameters were optimized to obtain well‐crystallized and olivine‐phase pure LiFePO 4 –Ag composite thin films with smooth surfaces and homogeneous thicknesses. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectrometry (Raman), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), DC conductivity measurements, cyclic voltammetry(CV), as well as galvanostatic measurements were employed to characterize the as‐obtained LiFePO 4 –Ag composite films. The results revealed that after silver incorporation, the olivine LiFePO 4 film cathode shows a superior electrochemical performance with a good combination of moderate specific capacity, stable cycling, and most importantly, a remarkable tolerance against high rates and over‐charging and ‐discharging.
Transient Changes of the Conformation of Hemagglutinin of Influenza Virus at Low pH Detected by Time-resolved Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy (1997)

Membrane fusion of influenza virus is mediated by a conformational change of the viral membrane protein hemagglutinin (HA) triggered by low pH. By near UV CD spectroscopy, which is sensitive to the arrangement and mobility of aromatic amino acids in proteins, we have monitored continuously with a time resolution of 5 s the kinetics of structural alterations of the ectodomain of HA isolated from different influenza virus strains (H1 (A/PR 8/34), H2 (A/Japan), and H3 (X31)). To establish a functional correlation to structural alterations of the HA ectodomain reflected by the CD, we have measured the kinetics of the virus-erythrocyte fusion and of the inactivation of fusion by low pH preincubation of viruses. At acidic pH we found a multiphasic behavior of the CD signal recorded at 283 nm. Upon lowering the pH we detected first an increase of the CD amplitude, which is associated with the formation of a fusion-competent state of HA. The initial increase was followed by a continuous decline of CD amplitude, which can be ascribed to a transformation into a fusion-inactivated conformation that is in its early phase reversible as found for A/Japan. The half-time of the different phases of the CD signal depended on the virus strain, the temperature, and the acidic pH. The results support recent hypotheses that the fusion-competent conformation is an intermediate of the fusion-inactivated structure of HA.
Improving Antigenic Peptide Vaccines for Cancer Immunotherapy Using a Dominant Tumor-specific T Cell Receptor (2013)

Vaccines that incorporate peptide mimics of tumor antigens, or mimotope vaccines, are commonly used in cancer immunotherapy and function by eliciting increased numbers of T cells that cross-react with the native tumor antigen. Unfortunately, they often elicit T cells that do not cross-react with or that have low affinity for the tumor antigen. Using a high affinity tumor-specific T cell clone, we identified a panel of mimotope vaccines for the dominant peptide antigen from a mouse colon tumor that elicits a range of tumor protection following vaccination. The TCR from this high affinity T cell clone was rarely identified in ex vivo evaluation of tumor-specific T cells elicited by mimotope vaccination. Conversely, a low affinity clone found in the tumor and following immunization was frequently identified. Using peptide libraries, we determined if this frequently identified TCR improved the discovery of efficacious mimotopes. We demonstrated that the representative TCR identified more protective mimotopes than the high affinity TCR. These results suggest that targeting a dominant fraction of tumor-specific T cells generates potent immunity and that consideration of the available T cell repertoire is necessary for targeted T cell therapy. These results have important implications when optimizing mimotope vaccines for cancer immunotherapy.
Therapeutic potential and health benefits of<i>Sargassum</i>species (2014)

Sargassum species are tropical and sub-tropical brown macroalgae (seaweed) of shallow marine meadow. These are nutritious and rich source of bioactive compounds such as vitamins, carotenoids, dietary fibers, proteins, and minerals. Also, many biologically active compounds like terpenoids, flavonoids, sterols, sulfated polysaccharides, polyphenols, sargaquinoic acids, sargachromenol, pheophytine were isolated from different Sargassum species. These isolated compounds exhibit diverse biological activities like analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-microbial, anti-tumor, fibrinolytic, immune-modulatory, anti-coagulant, hepatoprotective, anti-viral activity etc., Hence, Sargassum species have great potential to be used in pharmaceutical and neutralceutical areas. This review paper explores the current knowledge of phytochemical, therapeutic potential, and health benefits of different species of genus Sargassum.
The role of model based control in robotics (1990)

The use of model-based control of industrial robots is discussed. Computer models of the robots and their operating environments are complemented with environmental sensing. This allows automatic programming of robot trajectories, hybrid force/position control, and computer assistance during manual operation. In addition, sensors detect error situations which may require operator attention prior to continued system operation. Computer models are also used to verify the validity of sensor data before the robotic system executes operations based upon those data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Third Harmonic Injection Increasing the Efficiency of High-Power HF Amplifiers (1985)

The paper deals with the influence of the third harmonic injection into the grid and anode qirclits of a tuned high power amplifier, in order to improve the efficiency. The linear triode model is used, enabling avaluation of all power balance important parameters in a closed form. The results obtained are compared with the performances of the same amplifiers, without injection.
Transforming growth factor β regulates the levels of different fibronectin isoforms in normal human cultured fibroblasts (1988)

Fibronectin (FN) polymorphism is caused by alternative splicing patterns in at least three regions of the primary transcript of a single gene. Using a monoclonal antibody (Mab) specific for an FN segment (ED-A), that can be included or omitted from the molecule depending on the pattern of splicing, we have examined whether transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and dexamethasone, which are both known to increase the level of total FN, regulate the levels of different FN isoforms. We found that, while dexamethasone does not significantly change the ratio between the total FN and the ED-A containing FN, TGF-beta preferentially increases the expression of the FN isoform containing the ED-A sequence.
Microfluidic electroporation for selective release of intracellular molecules at the single‐cell level (2008)

Analysis of intracellular materials at the single-cell level presents opportunities for probing the heterogeneity of a cell population. Lysis by electroporation has been gaining popularity as a rapid method for disruption of the cell membrane and release of intracellular contents. In this report, we selectively released specific intracellular molecules for interrogation at the single-cell level by tuning the parameters of electroporation. We examined the release of a small molecule, calcein (MW approximately 600), and a 72-kDa protein kinase, Syk, tagged by enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) from chicken B cells during electroporation at the single-cell level. We studied the effects of the field intensity and the field duration on the release of the two molecules. We found that calcein in general was released at lower field intensities and shorter durations than did SykEGFP. By tuning the electrical parameters, we were able to deplete calcein from the cells before SykEGFP started to release. This approach potentially provides a high-throughput alternative for probing different intracellular molecules at the single-cell level compared to chemical cytometry by eliminating complete disruption of the cell membrane.
Graph-Based Text Segmentation Using a Selected Channel Image (2010)

This paper proposes a graph-based method for segmentation of a text image using a selected colour-channel image. The text colour information usually presents a two polarity trend. According to the observation that the histogram distributions of the respective colour channel images are usually different from each other, we select the colour channel image with the histogram having the biggest distance between the two main peaks, which represents the main foreground colour strength and background colour strength respectively. The peak distance is estimated by the mean-shift procedure performed on each individual channel image. Then, a graph model is constructed on a selected channel image to segment the text image into foreground and background. The proposed method is tested on a public database, and its effectiveness is demonstrated by the experimental results.
The Economical Management of Multispecies Fisheries (1982)

Resource-based theory implicitly assumes that property rights to resources are secure. Extant property rights theory enables us to relax this assumption to take into account processes where there are struggles in establishing property rights that enhance ...
BRCA1/BARD1 inhibition of mRNA 3′ processing involves targeted degradation of RNA polymerase II (2005)

Mammalian cells exhibit a complex response to DNA damage. The tumor suppressor BRCA1 and associated protein BARD1 are thought to play an important role in this response, and our previous work demonstrated that this includes transient inhibition of the pre-mRNA 3' processing machinery. Here we provide evidence that this inhibition involves proteasomal degradation of a component necessary for processing, RNA polymerase II (RNAP II). We further show that RNAP IIO, the elongating form of the enzyme, is a specific in vitro target of the BRCA1/BARD1 ubiquitin ligase activity. Significantly, siRNA-mediated knockdown of BRCA1 and BARD1 resulted in stabilization of RNAP II after DNA damage. In addition, inhibition of 3' cleavage induced by DNA damage was reverted in extracts of BRCA1-, BARD1-, or BRCA1/BARD1-depleted cells. We also describe corresponding changes in the nuclear localization and/or accumulation of these factors following DNA damage. Our results support a model in which a BRCA1/BARD1-containing complex functions to initiate degradation of stalled RNAP IIO, inhibiting the coupled transcription-RNA processing machinery and facilitating repair.
Implication of Ref-1 in the repression of renin gene transcription by intracellular calcium (2003)

Thus, the repression of renin expression by intracellular calcium may be mediated by the calcium-induced translocation of Ref-1 to the nucleus, where it binds to the renin promoter nCaRE, to repress the transcription of the renin gene.
Research on Decentralized Identity and Access Management Model Based on the OIDC Protocol (2020)

In the increasingly diverse information age, various kinds of personal information security problems continue to break out. According to the idea of combination of identity authentication and encryption services, this paper proposes a personal identity access management model based on the OIDC protocol. The model will integrate the existing personal security information and build a set of decentralized identity authentication and access management application cluster. The advantage of this model is to issue a set of authentication rules, so that all users can complete the authentication of identity access of all application systems in the same environment at a lower cost, and can well compatible and expand more categories of identity information. Therefore, this method not only reduces the number of user accounts, but also provides a unified and reliable authentication service for each application system
Enhanced cognitive flexibility in reversal learning induced by removal of the extracellular matrix in auditory cortex (2014)

During brain maturation, the occurrence of the extracellular matrix (ECM) terminates juvenile plasticity by mediating structural stability. Interestingly, enzymatic removal of the ECM restores juvenile forms of plasticity, as for instance demonstrated by topographical reconnectivity in sensory pathways. However, to which degree the mature ECM is a compromise between stability and flexibility in the adult brain impacting synaptic plasticity as a fundamental basis for learning, lifelong memory formation, and higher cognitive functions is largely unknown. In this study, we removed the ECM in the auditory cortex of adult Mongolian gerbils during specific phases of cortex-dependent auditory relearning, which was induced by the contingency reversal of a frequency-modulated tone discrimination, a task requiring high behavioral flexibility. We found that ECM removal promoted a significant increase in relearning performance, without erasing already established-that is, learned-capacities when continuing discrimination training. The cognitive flexibility required for reversal learning of previously acquired behavioral habits, commonly understood to mainly rely on frontostriatal circuits, was enhanced by promoting synaptic plasticity via ECM removal within the sensory cortex. Our findings further suggest experimental modulation of the cortical ECM as a tool to open short-term windows of enhanced activity-dependent reorganization allowing for guided neuroplasticity.
Interlinking Distributed Social Graphs (2009)

The rise in use of the social web has forced web users to duplicate their identity in fragmented information spaces. Commonly these spaces contain rich identity representations hidden within walled garden data silos. This paper presents work to export social graphs from such data silos as RDF datasets, and provide linkage between these social graphs according to a graph matching paradigm. Our work contributes to the linked data movement by providing a decentralised social graph containing linked data describing fragmented identity components.
Complete Genome Sequence of Burkholderia gladioli BSR3 (2011)

We report the complete genome sequence of Burkholderia gladioli BSR3, isolated from a diseased rice sheath in South Korea.
Sharp boundary inversion of 2D magnetotelluric data (1999)

We consider 2D earth models consisting of laterally variable layers. Boundaries between layers are described by their depths at a set of nodes and interpolated laterally between nodes. Conductivity within each layer is described by values at a set of nodes fixed within each layer, and is interpolated laterally within each layer. Within the set of possible models of this sort, we iteratively invert magnetotelluric data for models minimizing the lateral roughness of the layer boundaries, and the lateral roughness of conductivities within layers, for a given level of data misfit. This stabilizes the inverse problem and avoids superfluous detail. This approach allows the determination of boundary positions between geological units with sharp discontinuities in properties across boundaries, while sharing the stability features of recent smooth conductivity distribution inversions. We compare sharp boundary inversion results with smooth conductivity distribution inversion results on a numerical example, and on inversion of field data from the Columbia River flood basalts of Washington State. In the synthetic example, where true positions and resistivities are known, sharp boundary inversion results determine both layer boundary locations and layer resistivities accurately. In inversion of Columbia flood basalt data, sharp boundary inversion recovers a model with substantially less internal variation within units, and less ambiguity in both the depth to base of the basalts and depth to resistive basement.
Destruction mechanisms for formaldehyde in atmospheric pressure low temperature plasmas (1993)

Formaldehyde (CH2O) is a common pollutant of indoor air in residences and commercial buildings. The removal of CH2O from atmospheric pressure gas streams (N2/O2/H2O/CH2O) using plasmas generated by a dielectric barrier discharge has been theoretically investigated with the goal of cleansing indoor air. The model consists of a full accounting of the electron, ion, and neutral chemical kinetics in contaminated humid air. We find that the destruction of CH2O results dominantly from chemical attack by OH and O radicals, with the primary end products being CO and H2O. The predicted destruction rates for CH2O are typically 2–8 ppm/(mJ cm−3) (parts per million of CH2O in air/energy deposition). The elimination of the unwanted byproducts, CO and NO, using a platinum catalyst is discussed.
Low power Convolutional Neural Networks on a chip (2016)

Deep learning, and especially Convolutional Neural Network (CNN, is among the most powerful and widely used techniques in computer vision. Applications range from image classification to object detection, segmentation, Optical Character Recognition (OCR), etc. At the same time, CNNs are both computationally intensive and memory intensive, making them difficult to be deployed on low power lightweight embedded systems. In this work, we introduce an on-chip convoltional neural network implementation for low-power embedded system. We point out that the high precision of weights limits the low-power CNN implementation on both FPGA and RRAM platform. A dynamic quantization method is introduced to reduce the precision while maintaining the same or comparable accuracy at the same time. Finally, the de ailed designs of low-power FPGA-based CNN and RRAM-based CNN are provided and compared. The results show that FPGA-based design gets 2× energy efficiency compared with GPU implementation, and toe RRAM-based design can further obtain more than 40× energy efficiency gains.
Priming of Defense-Related Genes Confers Root-Colonizing Bacilli-Elicited Induced Systemic Resistance in Pepper (2009)

A group of beneficial plant bacteria has been shown to increase crop growth referring to as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). PGPR can decrease plant disease directly, through the production of antagonistic compounds, and indirectly, through the elicitation of a plant defense response termed induced systemic resistance (ISR). While the mechanism of PGPR-elicited ISR has been studied extensively in the model plant Arabidopsis, it is less well characterized in crop plants such as pepper. In an effort to better understand the mechanism of ISR in crop plants, we investigated the induction of ISR by Bacillus cereus strain BS107 against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria in pepper leaves. We focused on the priming effect of B. cereus strain BS107 on plant defense genes as an ISR mechanism. Of ten known pepper defense genes that were previously reported to be involved in pathogen defense signaling, the expression of Capsicum annum pathogenesis-protein 4 and CaPR1 was systemically primed by the application of strain BS107 onto pepper roots confirming by quantitative-reverse transcriptase PCR. Our results provide novel genetic evidence of the priming effect of a rhizobacterium on the expression of pepper defense genes involved in ISR.
Effects on Bacillus subtilis of a conditional lethal mutation in the essential GTP-binding protein Obg (1994)

The obg gene is part of the spo0B sporulation operon and codes for a GTP-binding protein which is essential for growth. A temperature-sensitive mutant in the obg gene was isolated and found to be the result of two closely linked missense mutations in the amino domain of Obg. Temperature shift experiments revealed that the mutant was able to continue cell division for 2 to 3 generations at the nonpermissive temperature. Such experiments carried out during sporulation showed that Obg was necessary for the transition from vegetative growth to stage 0 or stage II of sporulation, but sporulation subsequent to these stages was unaffected at the nonpermissive temperature. Spores of the temperature-sensitive mutant germinated normally at the nonpermissive temperature but failed to outgrow. The primary consequence of the obg mutation may be an alteration in initiation of chromosome replication.
A two-dimensional array of microplasmas generated using microwave resonators (2012)

We present a novel array of microplasma sources consisting of microwave resonators arranged in a two-dimensional grid. When microwave power is supplied to one of these resonators, it is shared among the entire array. Microplasmas are generated between the end of each resonator and a ground plane resulting in a 'sheet' of plasma. The source design, results of electromagnetic modeling, and initial experimental results are described.
Negotiation Closer Bot: Negotiation Outcome Predictor based on Sentiment Analysis (2021)

On e-commerce platforms like OLX, Craigslist, etc. users can sell and buy a variety of products and also chat with the buyer for additional information such as pictures, description and more importantly for negotiating the prices. This process of negotiation is tedious for all users and some simply do not know how to negotiate. To tackle this, a system that assists negotiations for the user would solve the problem. Therefore, we have created a web application platform that allows users to list products to buy and sell products with an added feature of a negotiation support system that assists users in the negotiation process by predicting whether the negotiation is going to end in success or failure. Users can trigger it whenever they deem it necessary by clicking on the ‘Get Recommendation’ button. This system will read the chat using functions of Natural Language Processing Toolkit (NLTK) library followed by classification using classifier. After testing four classifiers namely, Naïve Bayes, Descisioon Tree, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest, we selected SVM as it gave the highest accuracy.
Citalopram in Premenstrual Dysphoria (1998)

In a double-blind trial, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram was administered to women with severe irritability and/or depressed mood in the luteal but not in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle (premenstrual dysphoria). Treatment continued for three consecutive menstrual cycles. One group (N = 17 completers) was administered citalopram continuously at a constant dosage (20+/-10 mg/day) throughout the menstrual cycle. A second group (N = 17) also received citalopram continuously throughout the cycle, but at a lower dosage in the follicular phases (5 mg/day) than in the luteal phases (20+/-10 mg/day) (semi-intermittent treatment). A third group (N = 18) received citalopram (20+/-10 mg/day) in the luteal phase only and placebo during the follicular phase (intermittent treatment). A fourth group (N = 17) received placebo throughout the cycles. The side effects of active treatment were generally mild and transient. Intermittent administration of citalopram was clearly more effective than placebo with respect to both reduction in self-rated irritability and self-rated global improvement; it is of interest that intermittent treatment with citalopram also seemed more effective than continuous or semi-intermittent administration of the drug.