gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic Variation and Heritability of the Antibody Response to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Danish Holstein Cows (2004)

The purpose of this study was to estimate the genetic variation and the heritability of the ability to establish an immune response by producing antibodies to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Antibody levels were determined using an ELISA and measuring optical density (OD) values from milk samples of 11,535 cows from 99 herds. The pedigree of the 11,535 cows and information about days in milk, parity, milk yield, and others were obtained from the Danish Cattle database. The statistical analyses were made using a bivariate mixed animal model. The bivariate model with daily milk yield and OD as dependent variables showed a significant heritability of the ability to produce Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis antibodies of 0.102 (genetic variance=0.054) and a nonsignificant genetic correlation of -0.037 between daily milk yield and OD. When a sire model was used, the estimated heritability was 0.091. To evaluate whether intrauterine infection could be reflected in the OD, variation among 2715 dam-daughter or maternal sister groups was also estimated. Variation in this data was nonsignificant, possibly because only very few clinical cases or end-stage cows, i.e., heavy bacterial shedders may have been represented among the cows sampled. It does not appear that intrauterine transmission is of major importance in the transmission of paratuberculosis.
MBX-8025, A Novel Peroxisome Proliferator Receptor-δ Agonist: Lipid and Other Metabolic Effects in Dyslipidemic Overweight Patients Treated with and without Atorvastatin (2011)

MBX-8025, a novel PPAR-δ agonist, favorably affected multiple metabolic parameters with and without atorvastatin. A more complete understanding of MBX-8025 requires a larger future study.
Patch diameter limitation due to high chirp rates in focused SAR images (1994)

Polar-format processed synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images have a limited focused patch diameter that results from unmitigated phase errors. Very high chirp rates, encountered with fine-resolution short-pulse radars, exasperate the problem via a residual video phase error term. This letter modifies the traditional maximum patch diameter expression to include effects of very high chirp rates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Noncooperative 802.11 MAC Layer Fingerprinting and Tracking of Mobile Devices (2017)

We present two novel noncooperative MAC layer fingerprinting and tracking techniques for Wi-Fi (802.11) enabled mobile devices. Our first technique demonstrates how a per-bit entropy analysis of a single captured frame allows an adversary to construct a fingerprint of the transmitter that is 80.0 to 67.6 percent unique for 50 to 100 observed devices and 33.0 to 15.1 percent unique for 1,000 to 10,000 observed devices. We show how existing mitigation strategies such as MAC address randomization can be circumvented using only this fingerprint and temporal information. Our second technique leverages peer-to-peer 802.11u Generic Advertisement Service (GAS) requests and 802.11e Block Acknowledgement (BA) requests to instigate transmissions on demand from devices that support these protocols. We validate these techniques using two datasets, one of which was recorded at a music festival containing 28,048 unique devices and the other at our research lab containing 138 unique devices. Finally, we discuss a number of countermeasures that can be put in place by mobile device vendors in order to prevent noncooperative tracking through the discussed techniques.
The effect of age and cardiac failure on xamoterol pharmacokinetics. (1988)

1. Xamoterol is a cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor partial agonist which may have a role in the management of cardiac failure. Excretion is mainly by the renal route. 2. The kinetics of a single 200 mg oral dose of xamoterol were studied in eight elderly (age 67-82 years) volunteers, eight young (age 21-43 years) volunteers; eight patients with mild to moderate cardiac failure and eight age and sex matched controls. 3. Elderly volunteers had a significantly longer time to reach peak concentration (mean +/- s.e. mean 2.1 +/- 0.2 vs 1.1 +/- 0.1 h) and elimination half-life time (27.0 +/- 2.8 vs 16.4 +/- 3.1 h) compared with young volunteers. The renal clearance of xamoterol was lower in the elderly (115 +/- 12 vs 185 +/- 19 ml min-1) and showed a significant correlation with creatinine clearance (r = 0.85, P less than 0.001). 4. There was no significant difference in any of the pharmacokinetic parameters measured in patients with cardiac failure compared with healthy age and sex matched controls. 5. These results suggest that the maintenance dose of xamoterol could be reduced in elderly patients in relation to impairment of renal function.
Sol–gel synthesis and electrical properties of (ZrO2)0.85(REO1.5)0.15 (RE = Sc, Y) solid solutions (2001)

(ZrO2)0.85(REO1.5)0.15 (RE = Sc, Y) solid solutions in a pure cubic fluorite structure with uniform grain sizes ranging from nanometers to microns have been synthesized by a Pechini-type sol–gel method, using weakly cross-linked polymers. Metal nitrates, poly(ethylene glycol) and carboxylic acids such as acetic acid and formic acid, have been utilized to make the homogeneous polymer precursor solutions. Owing to its stronger acidity and coordinating capability, formic acid seems more effective in preventing the metal hydroxides segregating from the precursor solutions than does acetic acid during the gel formation. The Sc-doped zirconia derived from the formic acid-containing gel could achieve good-crystallization in the pure cubic phase at sintering temperatures as low as 1000 °C. Gel-calcined powders at 800 °C are mesoporous nanoparticles with narrow size distribution, and show a cubic structure attributed to the crystallite size effect. The polymeric precursor compositions display considerable impact on the gel formation, powder reactivity, crystallization of the sintered body, and finally the ionic conductivity of the grain boundary. However, the bulk ionic conductivity is dependent on the sintering temperature and variety of the dopants, rather than on the precursor compositions. Both the bulk and grain boundary conductivities increase when the sintering temperature/density are raised.
TEFC Induction Motors Thermal Models: A Parameter Sensitivity Analysis (2005)

With the increasing pressures on electric motor manufacturers to develop smaller and more efficient electric motors, there is a trend to carry out more thermal analysis in parallel with the traditional electromagnetic design. It has been found that attention to thermal design can be rewarded by major improvements in the overall performance. Thus, there is a requirement for accurate and reliable thermal analysis models that can be easily incorporated into motor design software. In this paper, emphasis is given to thermal sensitivity analysis of totally enclosed fan-cooled induction motors. In particular, thermal parameters are modified and their effects on the temperature rise shown. The results are useful for identifying the most important thermal parameters and enable robust designs to be developed that are insensitive to manufacturing tolerances.
A combination of in vitro techniques for efficient discovery of functional monoclonal antibodies against human CXC chemokine receptor-2 (CXCR2) (2014)

The CXC chemokine receptor-2 (CXCR2) is a member of the large 'family A' of G-protein-coupled-receptors and is overexpressed in various types of cancer cells. CXCR2 is activated by binding of a number of ligands, including interleukin 8 (IL-8) and growth-related protein α (Gro-α). Monoclonal antibodies capable of blocking the ligand-receptor interaction are therefore of therapeutic interest; however, the development of biological active antibodies against highly structured GPCR proteins is challenging. Here we present a combination of techniques that improve the discovery of functional monoclonal antibodies against the native CXCR2 receptor. The IL-8 binding site of CXCR2 was identified by screening peptide libraries with the IL-8 ligand, and then reconstructed as soluble synthetic peptides. These peptides were used as antigens to probe an antibody fragment phage display library to obtain subpopulations binding to the IL-8 binding site of CXCR2. Further enrichment of the phage population was achieved by an additional selection round with CXCR2 overexpressing cells as a different antigen source. The scFvs from the CXCR2 specific phage clones were sequenced and converted into monoclonal antibodies. The obtained antibodies bound specifically to CXCR2 expressing cells and inhibited the IL-8 and Gro-α induced ß-arrestin recruitment with IC50 values of 0.3 and 0.2 nM, respectively, and were significantly more potent than the murine monoclonal antibodies (18 and 19 nM, respectively) obtained by the classical hybridoma technique, elicited with the same peptide antigen. According to epitope mapping studies, the antibody efficacy is largely defined by N-terminal epitopes comprising the IL-8 and Gro-α binding sites. The presented strategic combination of in vitro techniques, including the use of different antigen sources, is a powerful alternative for the development of functional monoclonal antibodies by the classical hybridoma technique, and might be applicable to other GPCR targets.
<i>In Vitro</i> Activities of DC-159a, a Novel Fluoroquinolone, against <i>Mycobacterium</i> Species (2010)

The in vitro activities of DC-159a against seven species of Mycobacterium were compared with moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and rifampin. DC-159a was the most active compound against quinolone-resistant multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis (MIC(90), 0.5 microg/ml) as well as drug-susceptible isolates (MIC(90), 0.06 microg/ml). The anti-tubercle bacilli activity of DC-159a was 4- to 32-fold more potent than those of currently available quinolones. DC-159a also demonstrated the highest activities against clinically important nontuberculous mycobacteria.
The role of nonhuman primates in the development of an AIDS vaccine. (1999)

Over the past decade, a substantial research investment has generated a vast body of knowledge relevant to the development of an effective AIDS vaccine. Furthermore, studies in nonhuman primates have demonstrated that a number of candidate immunogens can confer a significant degree of protection against a potentially pathogenic SIV or SHIV. Currently, there exists a robust program that supports discovery of new HIV immunogens and a proven successful program for collaborative human trials of promising vaccine candidates. However, we believe that there is a gap between discovery and clinical trials. An orderly process for screening of candidate immunogens prior to human trials would facilitate the vaccine development program. We suggest that nonhuman primates can fill this strategic gap and could accelerate vaccine development. Recognizing that there is considerable controversy about the potential usefulness of the primate models, we have attempted to set forth the relevant practical and biological issues as a series of questions for discussion. The most important biological problem is the absence of a single immune response correlate that will predict vaccine efficacy. Data from primate models indicate that such a single predictive correlate may not exist. In turn, this argues for a vaccine screening protocol that includes a pathogenic virus challenge, an approach only available in the nonhuman primate model. The further assumption is that nonprimate models can be used to predict the relative protective efficacy of diverse immunization protocols, a hypothesis that can only be tested by comparative studies yet to be conducted. A 'standard' set of virus challenges must be selected for comparison of different immunization protocols, and this effort has been initiated. At the practical level, it appears that the large number of candidate immunogens now being developed requires a screening process of the kind proposed, since it would not be practical to test all new immunogens and protocols in humans. In conclusion, it appears timely to crystallize an orderly process for the discovery, screening, and human testing of candidate AIDS vaccines, understanding that a vaccine development program should not be conducted at the expense of investigator-initiated research in the diverse disciplines that support rational vaccine design and development. The components of a rational process of vaccine development are well established and only remain to be welded into one coherent program.
Optimization of Single Expressions in a Relational Data Base System (1976)

This paper examines optimization within a relational data base system. It considers the optimization of a single query defined by an expression of the relational algebra. The expression is transformed into an equivalent expression or sequence of expressions that cost less to evaluate. Alternative transformations, and combinations of several transformations, are analyzed. Measurements on an experimental data base showed improvements, especially in cases where the original expression would be impracticably slow in its execution. A small overhead was incurred, which would be negligible for large data bases.
Constructing hyperelliptic curves of genus 2 suitable for cryptography (2002)

In this article we show how to generalize the CM-method for elliptic curves to genus two. We describe the algorithm in detail and discuss the results of our implementation.
A method for motion detection and categorization in perfusion weighted MRI (2012)

The blood perfusion measurement is done by injecting a bolus of contrast agent in the brain followed by imaging over a period of time (scan). This process can extend into minutes and hence any patient motion mid-scan results in corrupted data. This is often observed in dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for both susceptibility (DSC) and contrast enhanced (DCE) scans. Motion correction done after scanning is typically the most time-intensive step in the entire measurement process since it involves registering each volume in the time-series to a reference volume. We argue that detecting the presence of motion prior to correction can mitigate this problem by reducing the number of volumes to be corrected. The challenge in motion detection is that the injected contrast alters the signal intensity as a function of time leading to false alarms. We present a robust multi-stage method: subdivision of the time series data into bolus and non-bolus phases; clustering-based identification of bolus-affected pixels followed by correction of their intensity using a Gamma variate function fitting-based method and a 2D block-wise phase correlation for detecting motion between adjacent volumes in DSC-MRI data. The proposed method was tested on a DSC MR sequence with simulated motion of varying degrees. The experimental results show that the entropy of the derived motion fields is a good metric for detecting and categorizing the motion. The proposed scheme when applied prior to correction can achieve on average a 37% reduction in the time required for motion correction.
Influence of damping on quantum interference: An exactly soluble model (1985)

This paper reports the result of a calculation which shows the effect of damping on the quantum interference of two Gaussian wave packets in a harmonic potential. We use the influence-functional method, which seems to be the most appropriate one for this kind of calculation. It is shown that quantum interference effects are severely diminished by the presence of damping even when its influence on the system is only light. The corrections to the undamped formulas are always expressible in terms of the phenomenological damping constant \ensuremath{\gamma}, the temperature T (in the high-temperature limit), the cutoff frequency (\ensuremath{\Omega}) of the reservoir oscillators, and the mean number (N) of quanta of energy initially present in the system. Both weakly and strongly damped systems are analyzed in the regime of low and high temperatures.
Macromol. Chem. Phys. 15/2013 (2013)

Front Cover: 2D ordered trees-like self-assemblies with sizes of over 500 μm and branch widths of 3 to 5 μm are obtained by surface self-assembly of an amido-ended hydrophilic hyperbranched polyester/copper complex, showing intriguing crystal and fractal behaviors. The selfassembly mechanism is explained by diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) theory. Further details can be found in the article by J. Li, D. Zhang,* S. Li, Z. Xu, S. Chen,* T. Li, J. Zhang, S. Chen, A. Zhang on page 1724.
Novel Catalysis by N-Hydroxyphthalimide in the Oxidation of Organic Substrates by Molecular Oxygen (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel Catalysis by N-Hydroxyphthalimide in the Oxidation of Organic Substrates by Molecular OxygenYasutaka Ishii, Kouichi Nakayama, Mitsuhiro Takeno, Satoshi Sakaguchi, Takahiro Iwahama, and Yutaka NishiyamaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 13, 3934–3935Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00118a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00118a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3715Altmetric-Citations254LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Research and Application of the Floating License Management Strategy (2009)

Software license is the most well-used technology in copyright protection of commercial software and shareware, as well as the development and management of free software and open source software. There are several different license types that allow controlled access of services. The two most popular types are the fixed license, which gives access rights for an identified workstation, and the floating license, which restricts the number of simultaneous users to a certain bound. In this paper, we propose a floating license system, called MFFLS, which efficiently implements the management and protection of software.
Influence of Adsorbate Ordering on Rates of UV Photooxidation of Self-Assembled Monolayers (1996)

The photooxidation of a range of methyl terminated straight chain alkylthiol (CH3(CH2)n-1SH) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on Au has been investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photooxidation process has been found to involve the oxidation of the thiolate group to a sulfonate by an active O2 species (possibly singlet oxygen). The rate of photooxidation was found to vary strongly with alkyl chain length and has been correlated with the amount of disorder within the monolayers. Short-chain SAMs (n ≤ 8) have the highest disorder and oxidize the fastest, with the rate of oxidation increasing sharply with decreasing n, while close packed long-chain SAMs (n ≥ 12) oxidize much more slowly, with the rate of oxidation decreasing slowly with increasing n.
Negative Magnetoresistance in Homogeneous Amorphous Superconducting Pb Wires (1997)

We report systematic magnetotransport measurements on a series of in situ grown homogeneous amorphous Pb wires. Corresponding to the broadening of the superconducting transitions as the wires cross over from 2D to 1D, we observe a negative magnetoresistance (MR) below the mean-field ${T}_{c}$ at low fields. Both the magnitude of the negative MR and the crossover field increase with decreasing ${T}_{c}$ and wire cross-sectional area. We speculate that these observations are the result of superfluid density fluctuations in sign as well as in magnitude along these wires close to the superconductor-insulator transition.
Initial performance results of the OMEGA laser system (1997)

OMEGA is a 60-terawatt, 60-beam, frequency-tripled Nd:glass laser system designed to perform precision direct-drive inertial-confinement-fusion (ICF) experiments. The upgrade to the system, completed in April 1995, met or surpassed all technical requirements. The acceptance tests demonstrated exceptional performance throughout the system: high driver stability (< 2% variations), precise control of the beam profiles and amplifier gains, 75% frequency-conversion efficiency, beam energy balance less than 8% and stable on-target irradiation of up to 37 kJ UV. We present these results and show that the system performance is well modeled by our propagation and frequency-conversion codes.
Molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of the gene for the surface (HPI)-layer protein of Deinococcus radiodurans in Escherichia coli (1986)

The HPI protein of Deinococcus radiodurans belongs to the class of surface layer proteins which form crystalline two-dimensional arrays on bacterial cell envelopes. We have cloned and expressed the gene for this protein of Mr about 100,000 by using plasmid pUC8 in Escherichia coli. As judged by immunoreaction with monospecific antibodies, apparent Mr, and limited proteolysis, a single clone contained the gene encoding the complete polypeptide on an 8.9-kilobase (kb) insert. The insert was reduced to a 5.7-kb HindIII fragment, cloned in pUC18 in both orientations, and subjected to unilateral processive deletion with exonuclease III. The library of deletion derivatives was mapped and, in conjunction with protein immunoblotting of expressed polypeptides, was used to locate the positions of the structural gene and the Deinococcus promoter region that was responsible for expression of the HPI polypeptide. The HPI gene was confined to a stretch 2.95 kb in length.
Establishment and properties of human germ cell tumors in tissue culture. (1981)

Monolayer cultures of nine human testicular germ cell tumors have been attempted, and five have been established as proliferating long-term cultures. All five grew in suspension in nutrient agar, but three proliferated in monolayer culture only when in contact with stromal cells derived from the tumors. Two have been established as "pure" lines, and one of these has been cloned. All contain elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase, approximately one-half of which displays placental isoenzymic characteristics. Three tumor cultures formed differentiated tissues and synthesized significant quantities of beta-chorionic gonadotrophin or carcinoembryonic antigen for a brief period after a 5-month culture. These properties were subsequently lost and could not be reinduced.