gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Murine Skin Transplantation (2008)

As one of the most stringent and least technically challenging models, skin transplantation is a standard method to assay host T cell responses to MHC-disparate donor antigens. The aim of this video-article is to provide the viewer with a step-by-step visual demonstration of skin transplantation using the mouse model. The protocol is divided into 5 main components: 1) harvesting donor skin; 2) preparing recipient for transplant; 3) skin transplant; 4) bandage removal and monitoring graft rejection; 5) helpful hints. Once proficient, the procedure itself should take <10 min to perform.
Multistack optimization for data-path chip layout (1991)

A special multistack structure and optimization technique to partition, place, and wire the data-path macros in the form of the multistack structure are described, taking into account the connectivity of all the chip logic (data path, control logic, chip drivers, on-chip memory). The overall objective is: to fit the circuits within the chip boundary; to ensure data-path internal wirability; as well as external stack wirability to the other circuits; and to minimize wire lengths for wirability and timing. A tool for automatic multistack optimization has been implemented and applied successfully to layout high-density data path chips.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The benefit of knowing your linear structures in mammographic images (2002)

Certain kinds of abnormalities in x-ray mammograms are associated with specific anatomical structures in particular, linear structures. This association can be exploited to improve the specificity and sensitivity with which the abnormalities can be detected. Here we describe how the detection and classification of linear structures can improve the detectability ( from 0.74 to 0.93) of micro-calcifications and be used as an indication of malignancy (with equal to 0.69). The detection stage uses a non-linear operator and the classification is based on cross-sectional profiles of the detected linear structures.
A Highly Parallel Hardware Architecture of Table-Based CABAC Bit Rate Estimator in an HEVC Intra Encoder (2018)

This paper presents a highly parallel hardware architecture for rate estimation in a High Efficiency Video Coding intra encoder to increase the level of parallelism and reduce the computational time. The adopted rate estimation algorithm is fully compatible with the context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) bit rate estimation except ignoring a syntax element “split_cu_flag.” Design considerations, analysis, and circuit implementation are elaborated. This design has been verified with the HM-15.0 reference software. It achieves an average decrease of 0.005% and an average increase of 0.0092 dB in Bjøntegaard delta (BD)-rate and BD-peak signal-to-noise ratio, respectively. This proposed hardware architecture is implemented in Verilog and synthesized in FPGAs and ASICs. It supports resolutions up to 3840 × 2160 at 30 f/s. Compared with stateof-the-art hardware designs for rate estimation in the literature, the proposed architecture achieves substantial performance improvement in rate estimation accuracy and reliability, with the overhead of a relatively larger chip area and higher power consumption. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first highly parallel hardware architecture of table-based CABAC bit rate estimator, which is attractive in time-constrained and highperformance video coding applications.
Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylates rabbit reticulocyte elongation factor-2 kinase and induces calcium-independent activity (1993)

The catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) phosphorylated purified calcium/calmodulin-dependent eukaryotic elongation factor-2 (eEF-2) kinase, isolated from rabbit reticulocyte lysates. It maximally incorporated about 1 mol of phosphate/mol of eEF-2 kinase. The Km of eEF-2 kinase for PKA was calculated to be 7 microM. Phosphorylation of eEF-2 kinase by PKA induced calcium-independent activity which amounted to 40-50% of the total activity measured in the presence of calcium. Furthermore, the level of calcium-independent activity induced by phosphorylation by PKA was similar to that induced by the calcium-stimulated autophosphorylation of eEF-2 kinase. Phosphopeptide mapping of eEF-2 kinase labelled by autophosphorylation and by PKA revealed a number of common phosphopeptides. This suggests that PKA may phosphorylate the same site(s) which are phosphorylated autocatalytically and which are responsible for the induction of calcium-independent activity. The possible implications these findings have for the control of translation are discussed.
Inhomogeneous ring oscillator for WID variability and RTN characterization (2012)

We propose an inhomogeneous ring oscillator (RO) whose performance is strongly influenced by a small set of transistors for characterizing transistor-by-transistor variability. Performance sensitivities of the transistors are enhanced by inserting a “singular point” into a homogeneous RO. Proposed ROs have been embedded in a 65nm RO-array test structure, and it is verified that the proposed ROs are highly sensitive to Within-Die (WID) local variability and Random Telegraph Noise (RTN). The amounts of random variation in threshold voltages(V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">thN</sub> and V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">thP</sub> ) and channel length(L) are extracted from the WID frequency variation. Temporal variation of oscillation frequency due to RTN is observed in the inhomogeneous RO.
Cincinnati�s Wild West: The 1896 Rosebud Sioux Encampment (2002)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Susan Meyn; Cincinnati�s Wild West: The 1896 Rosebud Sioux Encampment. American Indian Culture and Research Journal 1 January 2002; 26 (4): 1–20. doi: https://doi.org/10.17953/aicr.26.4.47p52n34j77g0112 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest Search
Diastereoselective DNA Cleavage Recognition by Ni(II)•Gly-Gly-His-Derived Metallopeptides (2006)

Site-selective DNA cleavage by diastereoisomers of Ni(II) x Gly-Gly-His-derived metallopeptides was investigated through high-resolution gel analyses and molecular dynamics simulations. Ni(II) x L-Arg-Gly-His and Ni(II) x D-Arg-Gly-His (and their respective Lys analogues) targeted A/T-rich regions; however, the L-isomers consistently modified a subset of available nucleotides within a given minor groove site, while the D-isomers differed in both their sites of preference and their ability to target individual nucleotides within some sites. In comparison, Ni(II) x L-Pro-Gly-His and Ni(II) x D-Pro-Gly-His were unable to exhibit a similar diastereoselectivity. Simulations of the above systems, along with Ni(II) x Gly-Gly-His, indicated that the stereochemistry of the amino-terminal amino acid produces either an isohelical metallopeptide that associates stably at individual DNA sites (L-Arg or L-Lys) or, with D-Arg and D-Lys, a noncomplementary metallopeptide structure that cannot fully employ its side chain nor amino-terminal amine as positional stabilizing moieties. In contrast, amino-terminal Pro-containing metallopeptides of either stereochemistry, lacking an extended side chain directed toward the minor groove, did not exhibit a similar diastereoselectivity. While the identity and stereochemistry of amino acids located in the amino-terminal peptide position influenced DNA cleavage, metallopeptide diastereoisomers containing L- and D-Arg (or Lys) within the second peptide position did not exhibit diastereoselective DNA cleavage patterns; simulations indicated that a positively charged amino acid in this location alters the interaction of the metallopeptide equatorial plane and the minor groove leading to an interaction similar to Ni(II) x Gly-Gly-His.
<i>In vivo</i> near‐infrared fluorescence imaging of cancer with nanoparticle‐based probes (2010)

The use of in vivo near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging techniques for sensitive cancer early detection is highly desirable, because biological tissues show very low absorption and autofluorescence in the NIR spectrum window. Cancer NIRF molecular imaging relies greatly on stable, highly specific and sensitive molecular probes. Nanoparticle-based NIRF probes have overcome some of the limitations of the conventional NIRF organic dyes, such as poor hydrophilicity and photostability, low quantum yield, insufficient stability in biological system, low detection sensitivity, etc. Therefore, a lot of efforts have been made to actively develop novel NIRF nanoparticles for in vivo cancer molecular imaging. The main focus of this article is to provide a brief overview of the synthesis, surface modification, and in vivo cancer imaging applications of nanoparticle-based NIRF probes, including dye-containing nanoparticles, NIRF quantum dots, and upconversion nanoparticles.
The viability of very high data rate modems for a specific HF channel type (1997)

An application has arisen to provide range-extension into an existing medium quality radio network. This existing network operates in a different frequency band, passing 16 kbit/s digitised voice and data. Telephone channels have the same bandwidth as a standard HF voice channel. An investigation has been carried out to determine whether the equalisation and processing performed by sophisticated telephone modems are capable of being used on HF channels, in particular to determine what parameters are required to pass fast data on a specific HF channel. The current network uses robust error tolerant applications and so the HF modem goal was not quite so ambitious as it initially appeared to be. The two channels which are under consideration have different types of fading. A telephone channel has flat fading whereas a typical HF channel has frequency-selective fading. As the data rates were significantly higher than the bandwidth, the impact of the fading on the signal was expected to be significant. The work explored how the effects of fading changed when the data rate was increased. The paper describes theoretical calculations of signal performance, results obtained by simulation and preliminary indications from practical trials. The tests used an existing DSP-based ionospheric simulator and initially used a commercial V.34 telephone modem, though this will not be the ultimate solution.
Optical, structural and electrical properties of tin doped indium oxide thin films prepared by spray-pyrolysis technique (2000)

Tin doped indium oxide (In2O3:Sn) or indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films have been successfully deposited by the low cost spray-pyrolysis method. Low sheet resistance and high mobility films were obtained when the films were deposited at the substrate temperature of 793 K. The direct optical bandgaps for the films deposited at 793 (a) and 753 K (b) were found to be 3.46 and 3.40 eV, respectively. Similarly, the indirect bandgaps for a- and b-type films were found to be 3.0 and 2.75 eV, respectively. The Burstein-Moss shift was observed in the films. The refractive index (n) and extinction coefficient (k) were found to be in the range of 2.1 to 1.1 and 0.6 to 0.01, respectively. The various scattering mechanisms such as lattice, ionized impurity, neutral impurity, grain boundary and alloy scattering due to variation of theoretical mobilities with temperature are discussed, in order to compare experimental results. In the lattice scattering mechanism, the quantum size effect phenomena were employed to estimate the energy dilation (EI). The a-type films exhibited SnO2 as secondary phase whereas b-type films showed single phase In2O3:Sn with high sheet resistance. The lattice constants were found to be 10.16 and 10.09 Å for a- and b-type films, respectively.
Chlorpromazine Inhibits Miniature GABAergic Currents by Reducing the Binding and by Increasing the Unbinding Rate of GABA<sub>A</sub>Receptors (1999)

Recent studies have emphasized that nonequilibrium conditions of postsynaptic GABAA receptor (GABAAR) activation is a key factor in shaping the time course of IPSCs (Puia et al., 1994; Jones and Westbrook, 1995). Such nonequilibrium, resulting from extremely fast agonist time course, may affect the interaction between pharmacological agents and postsynaptic GABAARs. In the present study we found that chlorpromazine (CPZ), a widely used antipsychotic drug known to interfere with several ligand and voltage-gated channels, reduces the amplitude and accelerates the decay of miniature IPSCs (mIPSCs). A good qualitative reproduction of the effects of CPZ on mIPSCs was obtained when mIPSCs were mimicked by responses to ultrafast GABA applications to excised patches. Our experimental data and model simulations indicate that CPZ affects mIPSCs by decreasing the binding (kon) and by increasing the unbinding (koff) rates of GABAARs. Because of reduction of kon by CPZ, the binding reaction becomes rate-limiting, and agonist exposure of GABAARs during mIPSC is too short to activate the receptors to the same extent as in control conditions. The increase in unbinding rate is implicated as the mechanism underlying the acceleration of mIPSC decaying phase. The effect of CPZ on GABAAR binding rate, resulting in slower onset of GABA-evoked currents, provides a tool to estimate the speed of synaptic clearance of GABA. Moreover, the onset kinetics of recorded responses allowed the estimate the peak synaptic GABA concentration.
Pediatric Case Series Evaluating a Standardized <i>Candida Albicans</i> Skin Test Product (2004)

Candin testing gives similar or better response rates compared with published data on older, nonstandardized C. albicans reagents and other anergy test antigens used in this case series. It should be used in combination with multiple other control antigens to most effectively assess for anergy, particularly in infants, as well as in patients recognized to be immune deficient.
Characterization and reduction of gradient‐induced eddy currents in the RF shield of a TEM resonator (2002)

Radiofrequency (RF) shields that surround MRI transmit/receive coils should provide effective RF screening, without introducing unwanted eddy currents induced by gradient switching. Results are presented from a detailed examination of an effective RF shield design for a prototype transverse electromagnetic (TEM) resonator suitable for use at 3 Tesla. It was found that effective RF shielding and low eddy current sensitivity could be achieved by axial segmentation (gap width = 2.4 mm) of a relatively thick (35 microm) copper shield, etched on a kapton polyimide substrate. This design has two main advantages: first, it makes the TEM less sensitive to the external environment and RF interference; and second, it makes the RF shield mechanically robust and easy to handle and assemble.
Development of Airport Surface Required Navigation Performance (RNP) (1999)

The U.S. and international aviation communities have adopted the Required Navigation Performance (RNP) process for defining aircraft performance when operating the en-route, approach and landing phases of flight. RNP consists primarily of the following key parameters - accuracy, integrity, continuity, and availability. The processes and analytical techniques employed to define en-route, approach and landing RNP have been applied in the development of RNP for the airport surface. To validate the proposed RNP requirements several methods were used. Operational and flight demonstration data were analyzed for conformance with proposed requirements, as were several aircraft flight simulation studies. The pilot failure risk component was analyzed through several hypothetical scenarios. Additional simulator studies are recommended to better quantify crew reactions to failures as well as additional simulator and field testing to validate achieved accuracy performance, This research was performed in support of the NASA Low Visibility Landing and Surface Operations Programs.
A Powerdomain Construction (1976)

We develop a powerdomain construction, $\mathcal{P}[ \cdot ]$, which is analogous to the powerset construction and also fits in with the usual sum, product and exponentiation constructions on domains. The desire for such a construction arises when considering programming languages with nondeterministic features or parallel features treated in a nondeterministic way. We hope to achieve a natural, fully abstract semantics in which such equivalences as $(p\textit{ par } p) = (q\textit{ par }p)$ hold. The domain ($D \to $ Truthvalues) is not the right one, and instead we take the (finitely) generable subsets of D. When D is discrete they are ordered in an elementwise fashion. In the general case they are given the coarsest ordering consistent, in an appropriate sense, with the ordering given in the discrete case. We then find a restricted class of algebraic inductive partial orders which is closed under $\mathcal{P}[ \cdot ]$ as well as the sum, product and exponentiation constructions. This class permits the solution of recursive domain equations, and we give some illustrative semantics using $\mathcal{P}[ \cdot ]$. It remains to be seen if our powerdomain construction does give rise to fully abstract semantics, although such natural equivalences as the above do hold. The major deficiency is the lack of a convincing treatment of the fair parallel construct.
The Research on Correlations of Credit Risk and Moral Hazard for the EG (2013)

This paper, under the assumption of risk-neutral, analyzed the relationship between the probability of occurrence of moral hazard and the default probability of the EG (enterprise group), theoretically demonstrated the inner mechanism between the moral hazard and credit risk of the EG, and highlighted the role of bank loan interest played in the control of moral hazard and credit risk. The research shows: (1) There is nonlinear relationship between the probability of occurrence of moral hazard and the default probability of the EG; (2) There is an exogenous variable, loan interest rate, which makes the default probability extremum.
Effects of e‐beam radiation, storage, and hydration on osteoinductivity of DBM/AM composite (2009)

E-beam irradiation is often used to sterilize medical devices including demineralized bone matrix (DBM) products. In this study, the effect of e-beam on osteoinductivity of a DBM product in hydrous and anhydrous configurations has been evaluated at 0-, 6- and 12-month ambient storage using a nude rat muscle pouch model. The thermal and structural stabilities of DBM and acellular dermal matrix (AM) composites were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and trypsin digestion assay. Both hydrous and anhydrous DBM/AM composites exhibited osteoinductivity after e-beam irradiation of 15 kGy. After 12-month ambient storage, the osteoinductivity of hydrous DBM/AM was diminished, whereas the anhydrous DBM/AM retained its osteoinductive potential. However, the DSC and trypsin analysis revealed that the DBM in anhydrous DBM/AM was more vulnerable to damage from e-beam irradiation than its hydrous counterpart. This study has found that although the anhydrous DBM has more structural damage than hydrous DBM from e-beam irradiation, it has retained its osteoinductivity better after 1-year ambient storage.
Tabbing Guide for Composite Test Specimens (2002)

This document provides guidelines for selecting suitable tabbing configurations for composite material test specimens. Additionally, a practical methodology is detailed for preparing and applying tabs to composite test specimens. This document is based on research performed within the Mechanical Engineering Department at the University of Utah and previously by the Composite Materials Research Group (CMRG) at the University of Wyoming, both sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration. The use of composite materials as a material of choice for structural applications has seen tremendous growth over the last several decades. This growth has resulted in a proliferation of both commercial and in-house composite material testing facilities. A reoccurring problem in the process of materials testing is the proper selection of tabbing configuration and the proper bonding of end tabs onto test specimens. This is a fundamental and a critical step in the testing process since the tabs protect the specimen as well as introduce the load into the specimen. Those who perform composite material testing on a routine basis have presumably developed tabbed specimen configurations and tabbing procedures that provide accurate and repeatable results. The suggested procedures offered here can be compared with those already being used. For those users who do material testing less frequently, this Guide should be especially useful. The first section provides an introduction to the preparation and testing of tabbed composite specimens and overviews the need for tabs on composite specimens. Section 2 discusses factors affecting the selection of tabbing materials and adhesives. Common choices for tabbing materials and methods for determining adhesive properties are described. Data relating to the performance of typical adhesives is given.
Dynamic tuning of optical waveguides with electrowetting pumps and recirculating fluid channels (2002)

We have developed an approach for using electrowetting actuation in recirculating fluidic channels to achieve dynamic tuning of optical fiber structures. The electrically controlled and fully reversible motion of the fluids and lubricants in these channels alters the refractive index profile experienced by the optical waveguide modes of the fiber. When combined with in-fiber gratings and etched fibers, this fluidic system yields dynamically adjustable narrow and broadband fiber filters, respectively. The nonmechanical operation of these systems, their ability to support switching speeds on the order of milliseconds, and their excellent optical characteristics indicate a promising potential for electrowetting-actuated fluidic tuning in optical fiber devices and other photonic components.