gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast simulation of deformable objects (2004)

This work presents a new deformation algorithm for computer graphics and animation applications. The algorithm is motivated by the mass-spring systems and the ChainMail technique and possesses advantages of both methods. It uses a one-step approach to find the deformation, and therefore is very fast. Simulation parameters can easily be chosen in order to represent deformation characteristics. The algorithm is applicable to various simulation applications and produces very promising results.
Gas‐Driven Ultrafast Reversible Switching of Super‐hydrophobic Adhesion on Palladium‐Coated Silicon Nanowires (2013)

A gas-driven ultrafast adhesion switching of water droplets on palladium-coated Si nanowire arrays is demonstrated. By regulating the gas-ambient between the atmosphere and H2 , the super-hydrophobic adhesion is repeatedly switched between water-repellent and water-adhesive. The capability of modulating the super-hydrophobic adhesion on a super-hydrophobic surface with a non-contact mode could be applicable to novel functional lab-on-a-chip platforms.
Effective and lesion-free cutaneous influenza vaccination (2015)

The current study details efficient lesion-free cutaneous vaccination via vaccine delivery into an array of micropores in the skin, instead of bolus injection at a single site. Such delivery effectively segregated vaccine-induced inflammation, resulting in rapid resolution of the inflammation, provided that distances between any two micropores were sufficient. When the inoculation site was treated by FDA-approved nonablative fractional laser (NAFL) before insertion of a PR8 model influenza vaccine-packaged, biodegradable microneedle array (MNs), mice displayed vigorous antigen-uptake, eliciting strong Th1-biased immunity. These animals were completely protected from homologous viral challenges, and fully or partially protected from heterologous H1N1 and H3N2 viral challenges, whereas mice receiving MNs alone suffered from severe illnesses or died of similar viral challenges. NAFL-mediated adjuvanicity was ascribed primarily to dsDNA and other "danger" signals released from laser-damaged skin cells. Thus, mice deficient in dsDNA-sensing pathway, but not Toll like receptor (TLR) or inflammasome pathways, showed poor responses to NAFL. Importantly, with this novel approach both mice and swine exhibited strong protective immunity without incurring any appreciable skin irritation, in sharp contrast to the overt skin irritation caused by intradermal injections. The effective lesion-free cutaneous vaccination merits further clinical studies.
Learning to Rank for Cross-Device Identification (2015)

We summarize the 1st place solution of the ICDM 2015 data mining contest and explain how the goal of the contest fits naturally into the learning-to-rank paradigm. We show that learning-to-rank models provide an improvement over the more conventional binary classification models for this task. Finally, we explain our gradient weighting and cookie over-selection strategies which provided some additional lift to our final score.
Carcinogenic metals induce hypoxia-inducible factor-stimulated transcription by reactive oxygen species-independent mechanism. (2000)

Nickel (Ni2+) and cobalt (Co2+) mimic hypoxia and were used as a tool to study the role of oxygen sensing and signaling cascades in the regulation of hypoxia-inducible gene expression. These metals can produce oxidative stress; therefore, it was conceivable that reactive oxygen species (ROS) may trigger signaling pathways resulting in the activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 transcription factor and up-regulation of hypoxia-related genes. We found that the exposure of A549 cells to Co2+ or Ni2+ produced oxidative stress, and although Co2+ was a more potent producer of ROS than Ni2+, both metals equally increased the expression of Cap43, a hypoxia-regulated gene. The coadministration of hydrogen peroxide with metals induced more ROS; however, this did not further increase the expression of Cap43 mRNA. The free radical scavenger 2-mercaptoethanol completely suppressed ROS generation by CoCl2 and NiCl2 but did not diminish the induced Cap43 gene expression. The activity of the HIF-1 transcription factor as assessed in transient transfection assays was stimulated by Ni2+, hypoxia, and desferrioxamine, but this activation was not diminished when oxidative stress was attenuated nor was HIF-dependent transcription enhanced by hydrogen peroxide. We conclude that ROS are produced during the exposure of cells to metals that mimic hypoxia, but the formation of ROS was not involved in the activation of HIF-1-dependent genes.
A prototype system for robust, interactive and user-friendly modeling of orientable 2-manifold meshes (2003)

We present a prototype system for robust, interactive and user friendly modeling of orientable 2-manifold meshes. To develop the system we introduce new topological entities for effectively manipulating 2-manifold mesh structures. We identify a minimal set of fundamental operators, which is necessary and sufficient for performing all homeomorphic and topological operations on 2-manifold mesh structures. Extremely efficient algorithms are developed for the implementation of these operators. We also developed a set of powerful, user-friendly, and effective operators at the level of user interface. Users of our system can perform a large set of homeomorphic and topological changes with these user interface level operators. Our system is topologically robust in the sense that users will never create invalid 2-manifold mesh structure with these operators. In our system, the homeomorphic and topological surgery operations can be applied alternatively on 2-manifold meshes. With our system, users can blend surfaces, construct crusts and open holes on these crusts. With our system, the shapes that look like solid, non-manifold, or 2-manifold with boundary can be manipulated. The system also provides automatic texture mapping during topology changes.
Regulation of prostasin by aldosterone in the kidney (2002)

Prostasin is a serine protease present in mammalian urine that increases the activity of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) when the two are coexpressed in Xenopus oocytes. To determine if aldosterone, one of the principal regulators of urinary Na reabsorption by the distal nephron, affects prostasin expression, we examined prostasin mRNA and protein in a cultured mouse cortical collecting duct cell line (M-1), whole rats, and patients with primary aldosteronism. Aldosterone treatment of M-1 cells substantially increased prostasin expression and stimulated (22)Na uptake. Urinary excretion of prostasin in rats that were infused with aldosterone likewise increased by approximately 4-fold when compared with the vehicle-infused rats. Finally, urinary excretion of prostasin in patients with primary aldosteronism was substantially increased when compared with normal patients. Adrenalectomy reduced urinary prostasin excretion to control levels, whereas urinary prostasin levels were not altered in patients undergoing surgery for other reasons. In patients with primary aldosteronism, reduction in the urinary excretion of prostasin correlated with the increase in the urinary Na/K ratio. These findings, together with our previous report that prostasin activates the amiloride-sensitive Na currents through ENaC, demonstrate that prostasin regulates Na balance in vivo by virtue of its heightened expression in the presence of aldosterone.
Determination of atomic Ni interaction with TiO <sub>2</sub> by XPS (2010)

Abstract It is impossible to directly measure the photoelectron spectrum of an atom using conventional XPS due to its low detection sensitivity. In this work, an indirect method has been developed to determine the binding energy (BE) of an atom. In this method, the BE of the atom can be obtained by extrapolation of the experimental BE curves with atomic deposition coverage to zero coverage. With this method, the Ni 2 p 3/2 BE's of atomic Ni on TiO 2 (001) and (110) surfaces are deduced to be 853.69 and 853.55 eV, respectively. Compared with atomic Ni in gas phase, relaxation shifts of 7.34 and 7.48 eV are obtained on TiO 2 (001) and (110) surfaces, respectively. These values are very close to the relaxation shift of 7.3 eV due to d electron screening, indicating d ‐like screening effects from the TiO 2 substrates after Ni 2 p photoionization. This method is also used to determinate the Ni 2p 3/2 BE's of atomic Ni on TiO 2 (001) with different surface stoichiometries. The difference of Ni 2p 3/2 BE is due to different interfacial charge transfer. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Walsh Spectrum Measurement in Natural, Dyadic, and Sequency Ordering (1982)

Walsh spectra may have natural, dyadic, or sequency ordering. This paper describes an improved processor design to provide spectra in any selected ordering. The incoming data are stored either directly or in a permuted sequence, and then are followed by a fast Walsh-Hadamard transform. For sequency ordering, the permutation operation is that of a Gray-to- binary code conversion, followed by bit reversal. For dyadic ordering, the operation is only a bit reversal. First a Hadamard processor that uses long shift registers is described. It is adapted to yield coefficients in either of the other two orderings by way of the permuting module (PM).
Improved cross-talk performance from multilayer longitudinal media using a Hall head (1993)

A new concept for improving the cross-talk performance of flux sense heads is proposed and is experimentally verified. The concept makes use of a new longitudinal media and a shielded flux sense Hall head. The new longitudinal media uses a soft magnetic layer separated by a nonmagnetic layer underneath the hard magnetic layer. The Hall head consists of a three pole structure. The outer two magnetic poles are the write poles which also act as a shield for the center pole during read. For a carefully selected thickness of the soft magnetic layer and the nonmagnetic layer, a significant reduction in fringing at low frequencies is observed. Using a 3.9-μm-wide Hall head on new longitudinal media, the fringe width at 0.5F[4F of 30 K flux reversal per in. (KFRI)] is reduced by 51% compared to the fringe width on a conventional media. This concept entails a loss of on-track amplitude. The loss of amplitude is significantly less at high frequencies compared to low frequencies, thereby improving the head resolution.
Familial severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy: truncation of Nav1.1 and genetic heterogeneity. (2003)

Among three families analysed, a single family was mutant for SCN1A. Our study suggests that the syndrome is genetically heterogeneous. The variable expressivity we observed for the c5240insAA mutation suggests that other factors are needed for the development of the full SMEI phenotype.
The Complexity Theory of Switching Networks. (1973)

Abstract : The author considers switching networks of the type used for line switching in communication networks or for reconfiguration of modular computer systems, and examines the complexity (number of switch contacts) of such networks and the complexity (number of arithmetic operations) of algorithms for controlling them. Three network applications are studied: partial concentration, connection, and distribution, and for each application, three modes of operation: rearrangeably nonblocking, incrementally nonblocking, and incrementally epsilon-blocking. For all three problems it is shown that rearrangeably nonblocking networks can be built with a number of contacts that has the same order of growth as the information-theoretic lower bound. For incrementally nonblocking networks it is shown that although connection networks can be built with this order of growth, partial concentration networks cannot, and for distribution networks the question remains open. (Modified author abstract)
Clustering of Low Usage Codons and Ribosome Movement (1994)

A model is presented in which the distribution of low-usage codons in a message is a major factor in determining the impact that they will have on the translation rate and distribution of ribosomes on that message. This model is based on the assumption that low-usage codons are translated more slowly than normal codons, an assumption supported by various lines of published experimental evidence. Although the parameters used to develop this model are somewhat arbitrary, the main conclusions of this paper are consistent with a wide variation in the values of those parameters. In the model, low-usage codons arranged in clusters are much more effective in blocking ribosome movement on the message than ones that are dispersed. The effective size of the cluster is limited to the dimensions of the ribosome. It has been estimated that ribosomes on a message are spaced at least 27 nucleotides or nine codons apart. A ribosome translating a cluster of nine codons in which some or all of the codons are low-usage will move more slowly than over a comparable stretch of message containing no low-usage codons. Owing to ribosome size, the ribosome immediately behind the stalled ribosome will move as slowly; it must wait for the stalled ribosome to move on before it can even begin to translate the difficult region containing the low-usage codons. When the low-usage codon cluster is at the 3' end, the message will eventually be occupied by a ribosome jam that will transmit back to the 5' end of the message. In the steady state, the slowing effect imposed by a cluster of nine low-usage codons at the 3' end of a message would be just as great as if the entire message was composed of them. If the cluster is situated in the middle of a message, the ribosomes will form a jam upstream of the cluster. The ribosome density downstream of the cluster will be considerably reduced from what it would be for the same message with no cluster. If the cluster is at the 5' end of the message, the density of ribosomes will be reduced over the entire length of the message but the overall translation rate per ribosome will be only slightly reduced. However, owing to the reduced number of ribosomes initiating, the efficiency of the message in protein synthesis will be considerably reduced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Adaptive fringe-pattern projection for image saturation avoidance in 3D surface-shape measurement (2014)

In fringe-projection 3D surface-shape measurement, image saturation results in incorrect intensities in captured images of fringe patterns, leading to phase and measurement errors. An adaptive fringe-pattern projection (AFPP) method was developed to adapt the maximum input gray level in projected fringe patterns to the local reflectivity of an object surface being measured. The AFPP method demonstrated improved 3D measurement accuracy by avoiding image saturation in highly-reflective surface regions while maintaining high intensity modulation across the entire surface. The AFPP method can avoid image saturation and handle varying surface reflectivity, using only two prior rounds of fringe-pattern projection and image capture to generate the adapted fringe patterns.
High output power density from GaN-based two-dimensional nanorod light-emitting diode arrays (2009)

Here we propose and realize a scheme for making a direct contact to a two-dimensional nanorod light-emitting diode (LED) array using the oblique-angle deposition approach. And, more importantly, we demonstrate highly efficient electrical carrier injection into the nanorods. As a result, we show that at a 20 mA dc current injection, the light output power density of our nanorod LED array is 3700 mW cm−2. More general, this contact scheme will pave the ways for making direct contacts to other kinds of nanoscale optoelectronic devices.
Human In Vivo Comparative Study of Zinc and Copper Transmetallation After Administration of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents (1996)

The difference in observed zinc excretion among the chelates studied reflects in vivo transmetallation of the magnetic resonance contrast media and correlates with the respective kinetic inertia for transmetallation, rather than thermodynamic stability constants. Gadolinium-HP-DO3A was found to be the most kinetically inert among the three drugs tested.
The murine <i>cripto</i> gene: expression during mesoderm induction and early heart morphogenesis (1993)

The murine cripto gene encodes a 171-aminoacid epidermal growth factor-related protein, with 93% similarity to its human counterpart in the 'EGF-like' domain. The murine cripto mRNA contains two B1 repeats in its 3' non-coding region and a 163-nucleotide homology to the human mRNA. The mouse cripto gene is expressed at low level in specific organs of the adult animal such as spleen, heart, lung and brain. In situ hybridization analysis during murine embryogenesis (day 6.2 to day 10.5) reveals a very restricted expression pattern. cripto transcripts are first detected in a few epiblastic cells at day 6.5. During gastrulation, the transcripts are expressed in the forming mesoderm and later during development cripto gene expression is restricted to the truncus arteriosus of the developing heart. This expression pattern suggests a role for cripto gene in the determination of the epiblastic cells that subsequently give rise to the mesoderm.
ChemInform Abstract: Industrial Applications of Metal—Organic Frameworks (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Context Dependent Comparison of Biological Sequences (1984)

A general method for comparing two macromolecules is developed. The method differs from more traditional procedures in that matches are evaluated dependent on sequence context. We first define a context dependent similarity score between sequences and give a dynamic programming algorithm for its calculation. Conditions are then described which allow the conversion of the similarity score to a metric distance. The class of metrics obtained in this manner includes the Sellers metric. An advantage of the method is the ability to make very rapid comparisons and to align long sequences.
Superconducting NbSe2 nanowires and nanoribbons converted from NbSe3 nanostructures (2005)

We describe the synthesis of superconducting NbSe2 nanowires and nanoribbons by the nondestructive removal of Se from one-dimensional NbSe3 nanostructure precursors. We report scanning electron microscopy imaging, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy analyses of the morphology, composition, and crystallinity of the converted NbSe2 nanostructures. Transport measurements on individual nanowires/ribbons confirm their superconductivity with Tc∼7.2K, and the appearance of current-induced resistance steps is attributed to localized phase slip centers, akin to those reported in other superconducting nanostructures.
Toll‐Like Receptor 3: A Link between Toll‐Like Receptor, Interferon and Viruses (2004)

Production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) by virus-infected cells is the central event in their antiviral immune responses. In mammalian cells, IFN-alpha/beta gene transcription is induced through distinct signaling pathways by viral infection or by treatment with double-stranded (ds) RNA, which is an intermediate of virus replication. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) was found to recognize dsRNA and transmit signals to activate NF-kappaB and the IFN-beta promoter. Recent identification of the TLR3-adaptor protein and its downstream signaling molecules, which are involved in IFN-alpha/beta production, revealed a novel IFN-inducing pathway for an anti-viral immune response. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of TLR3-mediated immune responses.
Eye tracking system to detect driver drowsiness (2015)

This paper describes an eye tracking system for drowsiness detection of a driver. It is based on application of Viola Jones algorithm and Percentage of Eyelid Closure (PERCLOS). The system alerts the driver if the drowsiness index exceeds a pre-specified level.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Crown Ether‐Cryptand Photoswitch (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Test results on an experimental crosstie random access memory (CRAM) (1982)

Results of tests on experimental CRAM chips are presented. The chips had twenty-eight leads and were mounted on leadless chip carriers. Each chip contained four memory columns plus a reference column. There were 64 bits in each column of 81-19 Ni-Fe: The next four levels were Si <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> , Al-Cu, Si <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> and Al-Cu. These materials were used to keep the experimental memory compatible with integrated circuit materials, since the CRAM must eventually be integrated with decoders and drivers on the chip. The CRAM could be written with coincident current pulses as short as 20 nsec. Non-destructive reading was accomplished in 800 nsec and this can be improved considerably with better design. Several obvious improvements are pointed out in the paper.
Parallel computation of time-domain integral equation analyses of electromagnetic scattering and RCS (1997)

Electromagnetic scattering analyses for radar cross-section (RCS) prediction present very large computational demands. Processing on parallel machines will contribute to increasing the size of problem tractable. We present a parallel implementation of the time-domain integral equation method. The issues and options in its parallelization are identified, and domain decomposition strategies to suit these are implemented. Good parallelization is exhibited, with the most costly parts of the algorithm displaying essentially linear speedup. Demonstrations using the Cray T3D are given with, for example, results on the /spl sim/12 wavelength NASA almond obtained in /spl sim/30 min per illumination angle, using 256 processors.
A method to potentiate enteral absorption of interferon and selective delivery into lymphatics. (1984)

The potentiated absorption of human fibroblast interferon (HuIFN-beta) with the aid of lipid-surfactant mixed micelles from the rat large intestine and lymphatic delivery were studied. The administration of HuIFN-beta with saline solution alone into the lumen of the large intestine indicated no detectable HuIFN-beta in the serum or the lymph for 5 h. Neither lipid (linoleic acid) nor surfactant ( HCO60 , polyoxyethylene hardened castor oil derivative) could promote the absorption of HuIFN-beta. However, the administration with linoleic acid- HCO60 mixed micelles enabled the great absorption of HuIFN-beta from the large intestine, and HuIFN-beta was delivered into the lymphatics with an extremely high selectivity.