gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetics of the Biotransformation of Maleylacetone and Chlorofluoroacetic Acid by Polymorphic Variants of Human Glutathione Transferase Zeta (hGSTZ1-1) (2002)

Glutathione transferase zeta (GSTZ1-1) catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of maleylacetoacetate and the biotransformation of a range of alpha-haloacids. The objective of this study was to determine the kinetics of the biotransformation of maleylacetone (MA), an analogue of the natural substrate maleylacetoacetate, and chlorofluoroacetic acid (CFA) by polymorphic variants of recombinant hGSTZ1-1. The k(cat) of the four variants of hGSTZ1-1 with MA as the substrate followed the order: 1c-1c > 1b-1b > 1d-1d > 1a-1a whereas the k(cat) for the biotransformation of CFA followed the order: 1a-1a > 1b-1b approximately 1c-1c approximately 1d-1d. The turnover rates of MA were much higher than those of CFA for each variant and ranged from 22-fold (1a-1a) to 980-fold differences (1c-1c). The catalytic efficiencies of hGSTZ1-1 variants with MA as the substrate were much greater than those with CFA as the substrate, but little difference among the polymorphic variants was observed. MA was a mixed inhibitor of all variants with CFA as substrate: the mean competitive inhibition constant (K(ic)(MA)) for all variants was about 100 microM, and the mean uncompetitive inhibition constant (K(iu)(MA)) was about 201 microM. Hence, MA and alpha-haloacids apparently compete for the same active site on the enzyme. DCA-induced inactivation of the four variants showed that the inactivated enzymes show markedly reduced isomerase activities. The residual activities were different for each variant: 1a-1a (12%) > 1b-1b approximately 1c-1c approximately 1d-1d (<5%). This is the first kinetic analysis of polymorphic variants of hGSTZ1-1, and the similarity of the kinetic constants for hGSTZ1-1 variants with either MA or CFA as substrates indicates that few differences in DCA-induced perturbations of tyrosine metabolism would likely be observed in humans.
Robust Statistics: Theory and Methods (2006)

Classical statistical techniques fail to cope well with deviations from a standard distribution. Robust statistical methods take into account these deviations while estimating the parameters of parametric models, thus increasing the accuracy of the inference. Research into robust methods is flourishing, with new methods being developed and different applications considered.
 Robust Statistics sets out to explain the use of robust methods and their theoretical justification. It provides an up-to-date overview of the theory and practical application of the robust statistical methods in regression, multivariate analysis, generalized linear models and time series. This unique book: Enables the reader to select and use the most appropriate robust method for their particular statistical model. Features computational algorithms for the core methods. Covers regression methods for data mining applications. Includes examples with real data and applications using the S-Plus robust statistics library. Describes the theoretical and operational aspects of robust methods separately, so the reader can choose to focus on one or the other. Supported by a supplementary website featuring time-limited S-Plus download, along with datasets and S-Plus code to allow the reader to reproduce the examples given in the book. Robust Statistics aims to stimulate the use of robust methods as a powerful tool to increase the reliability and accuracy of statistical modelling and data analysis. It is ideal for researchers, practitioners and graduate students of statistics, electrical, chemical and biochemical engineering, and computer vision. There is also much to benefit researchers from other sciences, such as biotechnology, who need to use robust statistical methods in their work.
Single crystal PZN/PT-polymer composites for ultrasound transducer applications (2000)

Single crystal relaxor ferroelectrics of PZN-8%PT were investigated for potential application in ultrasound transducers. The full set of electromechanical properties was determined using combined resonance and laser interferometry techniques. Ultra-high length extensional coupling (k(33)) of 0.94 was observed, a 25% increase over Navy Type VI PZT ceramics. The thickness extensional coupling (k(t)) of 0.48 was comparable to PZT compositions, and the compliance S(33)(E) was a factor of six greater. To maximize height extensional coupling (k'(33)), while minimizing length extensional coupling k(31) in array elements, it was necessary to align the elements along the 100 crystallographic direction in the x-y plane. Mode coupling plots and test samples for array elements determined that width-to-height ratios of less than 0.5 were desired, similar to the requirement for polycrystalline PZT ceramics. Modeling of 1-3 composites and experimental results demonstrated that thickness coupling greater than 0.80 could be achieved with a 40% to 70% volume fraction of PZN-PT. Although this is a substantial increase over PZT 1-3 composites, with a thickness coupling coefficient of 0.66, it represents a smaller fraction of the length extensional coupling k(33). This reduction may be a consequence of the increased compliance of PZN-PT, which results in significant clamping by the polymer matrix. Ultrasonic transducers fabricated using PZN-8%PT 1-3 composites achieved experimental bandwidths as high as 141%. The pulse-echo responses displayed good agreement with modeled results using the Redwood equivalent circuit.
A Survey of Prediction Using Social Media (2012)

Social media comprises interactive applications and platforms for creating, sharing and exchange of user-generated contents. The past ten years have brought huge growth in social media, especially online social networking services, and it is changing our ways to organize and communicate. It aggregates opinions and feelings of diverse groups of people at low cost. Mining the attributes and contents of social media gives us an opportunity to discover social structure characteristics, analyze action patterns qualitatively and quantitatively, and sometimes the ability to predict future human related events. In this paper, we firstly discuss the realms which can be predicted with current social media, then overview available predictors and techniques of prediction, and finally discuss challenges and possible future directions.
The Binac (1952)

The Binac was the first high-speed electronic digital computer of its type to be completed. It consists of a main computing section, input-output equipment, and a mercury delay-line memory of 512-word capacity. Although designed for a specific purpose, the Binac is well adapted to any type of general mathematical computation. While the number of tubes is comparatively large, the Binac is a combination of a few basic circuits. Extensive use is made of crystal diodes in switching or gating circuits. These circuits fall into three basic classifications: function tables or diode matrices, used for converting coded groups of signals such as instructions into corresponding but differently coded groups of signals to operate switching circuits; switching gates, which control the flow of information in accordance with signals received from function tables or similar sources; and reshaping gates, which, as their name implies, reshape signals that have become distorted in electric delay lines or other circuits. The use of reshaping gates, together with suitable shaping networks, makes possible the use of a pulse envelope or non-return-to-zero system of representing information, thus effectively doubling the bandwidth of circuits. Crystal gates are used with electric delay lines to form a serial binary adder. A one-word register is formed by combining an electric delay line with appropriate reshaping gates, input and output gates, and amplifiers, all connected to form a closed loop. Insertion of the adder in the loop results in an accumulator.
Dithiocarboxylic Acids, Their Esters, and Metal Dithiocarboxylates (1976)

The present state of the chemistry of dithiocarboxylic acids is described and methods for the synthesis of both the acids themselves and their esters and metal dithiocarboxylates are discussed. Data are presented on the properties and applications of these substances. The bibliography includes 350 references.
Dynamic Behavior of Organozinc Compounds (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Dynamics of Carbon–Zinc Bond Exchange: C–Zn Exchange Dynamics of Inversion at Carbon Bonded to Zinc: C–Zn Inversion Appendix References
Modeling and Measurements of Electrical and Thermal Memory Effects for RF power LDMOS (2007)

Accurate modeling of memory effects is important for design of amplifiers with high requirements on linearity. In this work, asymmetries in third order intermodulation distortion products (IM3) were measured for different tone-spacings and compared to simulations. An accurate large-signal model and careful modeling of the test circuit, especially the drain bias feeds is important for correct prediction of sideband asymmetries. Transient thermal measurements were employed to extract a thermal network with two time constants, one for the die and another one for the package. The IM3 asymmetries were found to be dominated by impedances in the output circuit for large tone-spacings; for very small tone-spacings (< 10 kHz), thermal effects have an important influence. The IM3 asymmetries agreed qualitatively well between simulations and measurements as a function of output power for different tone-spacings.
Efficient and Aberration-Free Wavefront Reconstruction from Holograms Illuminated at Wavelengths Differing from the Forming Wavelength (1971)

Recording materials producing higher efficiency, low absorption holograms are usually photosensitive only to blue and uv light. If a hologram is formed at a blue wavelength in such a material and is illuminated at a red wavelength, generally the reconstructed wavefront is aberrated, and the resolution of the image is reduced. A method of hologram formation is described that can alleviate this problem. In this method, a hologram H(1) is formed first at the red wavelength lambda(1) in a photographic emulsion. This hologram is then illuminated at the blue wavelength lambda(2) The diffracted wave from H(1) is used as the subject wave for forming the desired high efficiency hologram H(2). If certain requirements are met, illumination of H(2) at lambda(1) can produce an aberration-free reconstruction of the original subject wave. Experimental results of forming H(2) of a point source on dichromated gelatin film are presented. The hologram was formed at lambda(2) = 4800 A but could reconstruct an aberration-free wavefront at lambda(1) = 6328 A. The hologram had about 80% diffraction efficiency and essentially no absorption loss.
Single-electron device research: some directions and challenges (2003)

In this talk, I will give some examples of current directions in research aimed at exploiting single-electron effects and discuss challenges in utilizing these in sensor, memory, and logic applications.
The Efficient Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Bi-Functionalized Sarcophagine for <sup>64</sup>Cu Radiopharmaceuticals (2012)

Purpose We and others have reported that Sarcophagine-based bifunctional chelators could be effectively used in the syntheses of (64)Cu radiopharmaceuticals. The resulted (64)Cu-Sarcophagine complexes demonstrated great in vivo stability. The goal of this study was to further derivatize Sarcophagine cage with amino and maleimide functional groups for conjugation with bioligands.Methods Starting from DiAmSar, three novel chelators (AnAnSar, BaMalSar, and Mal(2)Sar) with two functional groups have been synthesized. Among those, BaMalSar and Mal(2)Sar have been conjugated with cyclic peptide c(RGDyC) (denoted as RGD) and the resulted conjugates, BaMalSar-RGD and Mal(2)Sar-RGD(2) have been labeled with (64)Cu. The tumor targeting efficacy of (64)Cu-labeled RGD peptides were evaluated in a subcutaneous U87MG glioblastoma xenograft model.Results The conjugates, BaMalSar-RGD and Mal(2)Sar-RGD(2) could be labeled with (64)CuCl(2) in 10 min with high purity (>98%) and high radiochemical yield (>90%). Both (64)Cu-BaMalSar-RGD and (64)Cu-Mal(2)Sar-RGD(2) exhibited high tumor uptake and tumor-to-normal tissue ratios.Conclusion Three novel chelators with two functional groups have been developed based on Sarcophagine cage. The platform developed in this study could have broad applications in the design and synthesis of( 64)Cu-radiopharmaceuticals.
Localised application of vibration improves passive knee extension in women with apparent reduced hamstring extensibility: a randomised trial (2011)

An 8-week regimen of localised application of vibration over the hamstring muscles significantly reduces knee extension lack in women with reduced range on the passive knee extension test.
Reconstruir el coneixement i recrear la cultura l'escola (1993)

In vitro culture of ovarian follicles is a new technique in reproductive technology, which helps in understanding the process of folliculogenesis. The in vitro culture of follicles could be carried out using three-dimensional (3D) natural scaffolds that mimic the ovarian tissue stroma. Selection of the right matrix and culture media in these scaffolds could increase the survival and maturation of the follicles. In this work, the applicability of matrigel-alginate (MA) and fibrin-alginate (FA) 3D scaffolds for folliculogenesis was assessed. The ovaries of 13-day-old Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice were isolated and distributed into control and vitrification groups. Preantral follicles (mean diameter: 120-140 μm) were mechanically isolated from control and vitrified-warmed ovaries, encapsulated in MA or FA scaffold and cultured for 12 days. Follicle survival, growth, maturation, and quantitative expression of oocyte maturation genes (Gdf9, Bmp15, Fgf8, KitL, Kit, and Amh) and proteins (GDF9 and BMP15) were assessed. Survival rate of culture preantral follicles in control groups was found to be significantly higher than vitrified follicles. Antrum formation was similar in all groups. Follicle diameters were significantly increased in all groups during culture period. A decreasing pattern of gene expression was seen for all genes in all groups. This trend was verified through evaluation of protein expression, during which there was strong staining in antral follicles from all groups in the last day of in vitro culture. The better survival and maturation rate of follicles in the MA compared to FA scaffold indicates that the MA matrix, being rich in extracellular matrix components, could mimic the ovarian condition better and presents a good environment for follicle development.
Forwarding Arts Therapy in South East Asia (2017)

Creative Arts Educ Ther (2017) 3(1):14–25DOI: 10.15212/CAET/2017/17/3
Forwarding Arts Therapy in South East Asia
在东南亚推动艺术治疗的发展
Joanne Kelly1, Amanda Levey2 and Ronald Lay3
1The Australian and New Zealand Arts Therapy Association, Australia
2Whitecliffe College of Arts and Design, New Zealand
3LASALLE College of the Arts, Singapore

Abstract
Over the past ten years, the profession of arts therapy has come a long way in South East Asia. As the first and truly only international professional association in the Asia-Pacific region, the Australian and New Zealand Arts Therapy Association (ANZATA) is now firmly positioned as a professional community which contributes effectively towards the development of the arts therapies. In all countries where arts therapy has evolved, there have been significant challenges inherent in establishing and developing a credible professional identity. Such identity and recognition applies not only to how we view ourselves but also, importantly, to how we are viewed by the public, by other professions and by governments. A healthily developing professional association is a vital component of any emerging profession, and grows in tandem with a dynamic and developing practice, with rigorous standards of training within solid theoretical frameworks, with an adherence to ethical guidelines, and with an evolving research culture. As arts therapy gains momentum across the globe, specifically within this geographical area, the profession is coming of age - providing exciting opportunities for interdisciplinary collaborations where differences and diversity are acknowledged, embraced and integrated. The link that connects us all is the healing power of the creative process and the recognition of its vital importance to our lives and wellbeing.
摘要
在过去十年里，艺术治疗作为职业在东南亚取得了很大的发展。新澳艺术治疗协会（ANZATA）作为亚太地区第一个唯一的国际专业协会已经有了坚实的立足之地，并以职业团体的身份出色地贡献于艺术治疗的发展。在艺术治疗有所发展的国家里，为它建立和发展一个可信的职业身份极具挑战性。这种身份和认可不仅作用于我们对自身的认定，也影响着广大群众、其他职业以及政府对我们的认定。对一个萌芽状态下的职业，一个强大而且持续发展的职业协会必不可缺。它的发展伴随着这个职业自身的发展、基于扎实理论框架的严格培训标准、对伦理道德方针的遵循，以及不断进化的研究氛围。随着艺术治疗在全世界的推广，它在亚太地区内逐渐变得成熟，给跨学科的合作提供了激动人心的机会，使得差异和多元化被承认、接受、结合。创造的过程所带来的疗愈和对我们生活和安乐中创造过程的重视是连接我们所有人的桥梁。
An architecture of the distributed multimedia information retrieval network with query routing systems (2002)

The rapid increase in the use of the World Wide Web (WWW), along with the increased capacity of transmissions, has led to the need for an efficient architecture to retrieve multimedia information from the Internet. To achieve this architecture, we have developed the Query Routing Server (QRS) which selects appropriate multimedia systems and modifies the searching path dynamically dependent on users' properties and environmental factors. Because the QRS works transparently over the multimedia system, legacy multimedia systems can cooperate with one another using the QRS. This means that the QRS allows users to not only retrieve multimedia information from a network, but also to use various kinds of search engines without any special operations. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the QRS, we made a prototype of the distributed multimedia system with QRS and conducted several experiments which successfully showed the flexibility of the dynamic retrieval networks and the substantial reduction of response time.
Real time observation of anaphase in vitro. (1996)

We used digital fluorescence microscopy to make real-time observations of anaphase chromosome movement and changes in microtubule organization in spindles assembled in Xenopus egg extracts. Anaphase chromosome movement in these extracts resembled that seen in living vertebrate cells. During anaphase chromosomes moved toward the spindle poles (anaphase A) and the majority reached positions very close to the spindle poles. The average rate of chromosome to pole movement (2.4 microns/min) was similar to earlier measurements of poleward microtubule flux during metaphase. An increase in pole-to-pole distance (anaphase B) occurred in some spindles. The polyploidy of the spindles we examined allowed us to observe two novel features of mitosis. First, during anaphase, multiple microtubule organizing centers migrated 40 microns or more away from the spindle poles. Second, in telophase, decondensing chromosomes often moved rapidly (7-23 microns/min) away from the spindle poles toward the centers of these asters. This telophase chromosome movement suggests that the surface of decondensing chromosomes, and by extension those of intact nuclei, bear minus-end-directed microtubule motors. Preventing the inactivation of Cdc2/cyclin B complexes by adding nondegradable cyclin B allowed anaphase A to occur at normal velocities, but reduced the ejection of asters from the spindles, blocked chromosome decondensation, and inhibited telophase chromosome movement. In the presence of nondegradable cyclin B, chromosome movement to the poles converted bipolar spindles into pairs of independent monopolar spindles, demonstrating the role of sister chromatid linkage in maintaining spindle bipolarity.
Long-Term Efficacy after [E1 <sup>-</sup> , polymerase <sup>-</sup> ] Adenovirus-Mediated Transfer of Human Acid-α-Glucosidase Gene into Glycogen Storage Disease Type II Knockout Mice (2001)

Glycogen storage disease type II (GSD-II) is a lethal, autosomal recessive metabolic myopathy caused by a lack of acid-alpha-glucosidase (GAA) activity in the cardiac and skeletal muscles. Absence of adequate intralysosomal GAA activity results in massive amounts of glycogen accumulation in multiple muscle groups, resulting in morbidity and mortality secondary to respiratory embarrassment and/or cardiomyopathy. In a mouse model of GSD-II, we demonstrate that infection of the murine liver with a modified adenovirus (Ad) vector encoding human GAA (hGAA) resulted in long-term persistence of the vector in liver tissues for at least 6 months. Despite both a rapid shutdown of hGAA mRNA expression from the vector, as well as the elicitation of anti-hGAA antibody responses (hGAA is a foreign antigen in this model), the hGAA secreted by the liver was taken up by all muscle groups analyzed and, remarkably, persisted in them for at least 6 months. The persistence of the protein also correlated with long-term correction of pathologic intramuscular glycogen accumulations in all muscle groups tested, but most notably the cardiac tissues, which demonstrated a significantly decreased glycogen content for at least 190 days after a single vector injection. The results suggest that gene therapy strategies may have the potential to significantly improve the clinical course for GSD-II patients.
Plastic debris in the open ocean (2014)

There is a rising concern regarding the accumulation of floating plastic debris in the open ocean. However, the magnitude and the fate of this pollution are still open questions. Using data from the Malaspina 2010 circumnavigation, regional surveys, and previously published reports, we show a worldwide distribution of plastic on the surface of the open ocean, mostly accumulating in the convergence zones of each of the five subtropical gyres with comparable density. However, the global load of plastic on the open ocean surface was estimated to be on the order of tens of thousands of tons, far less than expected. Our observations of the size distribution of floating plastic debris point at important size-selective sinks removing millimeter-sized fragments of floating plastic on a large scale. This sink may involve a combination of fast nano-fragmentation of the microplastic into particles of microns or smaller, their transference to the ocean interior by food webs and ballasting processes, and processes yet to be discovered. Resolving the fate of the missing plastic debris is of fundamental importance to determine the nature and significance of the impacts of plastic pollution in the ocean.