gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P‐193: Optool™ DAC‐HP: An Anti‐fingerprint Coating Material for Touch Panel Screens (2011)

Abstract Daikin's Optool™ DAC‐HP is a surface antifouling agent based on proprietary fluorochemical technology which is part of an UV‐cured acrylic hard‐coat agent. It prevents fingerprints on processed surfaces, repels water and oils, creates a low friction surface, has superior durability and does not degrade the optical properties of the material.
Nonreciprocal Hybridization Failure in Crosses Between Annual Wild-Rice Species (Zizania palustris x Z. aquatica: Poaceae) (1988)

Melvin R. Duvall, David D. Biesboer, Nonreciprocal Hybridization Failure in Crosses Between Annual Wild-Rice Species (Zizania palustris x Z. aquatica: Poaceae), Systematic Botany, Vol. 13, No. 2 (Apr. - Jun., 1988), pp. 229-234
Early changes in white matter pathways of the sensorimotor cortex in premanifest Huntington's disease (2011)

Disturbances in the white matter connections of the sensorimotor cortex can be demonstrated not only in manifest HD but also in premanifest gene carriers. Connectivity measures are well related to clinical functioning. DTI measures can be regarded as a potential biomarker for HD, due to their ability to objectify changes in brain structures and their role within brain networks.
Safety and Efficacy of Microporous Polysaccharide Hemospheres in Neurosurgery (2011)

In neurosurgery, MPHs allow fast and effective minimally invasive hemostasis. In this small case series, no adverse reactions were found.
Damping torsional interharmonic effects of large drives (2009)

Current source thyristor converters are the most widespread technology for large drives and today still a suitable choice for supplying high power variable speed drives for pumps and compressors because of excellent reliability records. The integer and non-integer harmonics generated by line commutated converters cause pulsating torque harmonics on the motor and on the grid side of the converter. Intersections of harmonic excitation frequencies with torsional natural frequencies of mechanical drive trains (motor driven load or generator train) cannot always be avoided in the operating- speed range of the motor. Continuously generated harmonic torque excitations could have a critical impact on the torsional behavior of the entire train. It is therefore mandatory to perform torsional analyses during the design stage of large drives, as specified in API 617. In multi-unit plants, more sophisticated analyses have to be performed, considering the fully coupled electrical and mechanical system. The risk for operational problems increases with increasing percentage of converter loads (converter power relative to the short circuit level of the grid). Some oil and gas production sites, e.g. offshore platforms, are based on island or island-like power systems. To mitigate the risk of torsional issues with increasing percentage of converter loads in weak power systems, new devices for damping torsional resonance modes have been developed and successfully tested. The effect of torsional mode damping will be explained by coupled electro-mechanical simulations and by measurement results from applying an Integrated Torsional Mode Damper (ITMD) to a 30 MW gas compression train. Torsional Mode Damping (TMD) does not require changes to the mechanical or electrical system design and can be designed as a retrofit system extension for variable speed drives from different manufacturers.
Characterization of finite-ground CPW reactive series-connected elements for innovative design of uniplanar M(H)MICs (2002)

A variety of finite-ground coplanar waveguide (FGCPW) reactive series-connected capacitive and inductive elements are extensively studied and characterized as equivalent-circuit models that include complex parasitic effects caused by finite-ground widths. These models are developed by implementing a numerical calibration procedure called short-open calibration, which is used to extract characteristic parameters of the circuit model from full-wave method-of-moments calculations. The proposed model is generally described as an equivalent series admittance (Y/sub g/) or impedance (Z/sub g/) together with a pair of shunt admittances (Y/sub p/) for FGCPW series-connected structures. With the new scheme, the FGCPW elements of interest behave like lossless lumped elements at low-frequency range, consisting of a series capacitance or inductance, as well as two shunt capacitances. As frequency increases, however, Y/sub g/ and Z/sub g/ exhibit a frequency-related dispersion and also a lossy resonance behavior, which stand for some added inductive or capacitive coupling effect caused by the extent of finite-ground width. On the other hand, unbounded radiation effect, considered in this model, appears too strong to be ignored around resonance. Theoretical and experimental results that compare very well with each other are shown for interesting electrical behaviors of finite-ground structures. An innovative uniplanar three-stage bandstop filter is designed and measured on the basis of its simplified equivalent-circuit model.
Viral photosynthetic reaction center genes and transcripts in the marine environment (2007)

Cyanobacteria of the genera Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus are important contributors to photosynthetic productivity in the open ocean. The discovery of genes (psbA, psbD) that encode key photosystem II proteins (D1, D2) in the genomes of phages that infect these cyanobacteria suggests new paradigms for the regulation, function and evolution of photosynthesis in the vast pelagic ecosystem. Reports on the prevalence and expression of phage photosynthesis genes, and evolutionary data showing a potential recombination of phage and host genes, suggest a model in which phage photosynthesis genes help support photosynthetic activity in their hosts during the infection process. Here, using metagenomic data in natural ocean samples, we show that about 60% of the psbA genes in surface water along the global ocean sampling transect are of phage origin, and that the phage genes are undergoing an independent selection for distinct D1 proteins. Furthermore, we show that different viral psbA genes are expressed in the environment.
Calibration and comparison of the acoustic location methods used during the spring migration of the bowhead whale,<i>Balaena mysticetus</i>, off Pt. Barrow, Alaska, 1984–1993 (2000)

Between 1984 and 1993, visual and acoustic methods were combined to census the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus, population. Passive acoustic location was based on arrival-time differences of transient bowhead sounds detected on sparse arrays of three to five hydrophones distributed over distances of 1.5-4.5 km along the ice edge. Arrival-time differences were calculated from either digital cross correlation of spectrograms (old method), or digital cross correlation of time waveforms (new method). Acoustic calibration was conducted in situ in 1985 at five sites with visual site position determined by triangulation using two theodolites. The discrepancy between visual and acoustic locations was <1%-5% of visual range and less than 0.7 degrees of visual bearing for either method. Comparison of calibration results indicates that the new method yielded slightly more precise and accurate positions than the old method. Comparison of 217 bowhead whale call locations from both acoustic methods showed that the new method was more precise, with location errors 3-4 times smaller than the old method. Overall, low-frequency bowhead transients were reliably located out to ranges of 3-4 times array size. At these ranges in shallow water, signal propagation appears to be dominated by the fundamental mode and is not corrupted by multipath.
Tile-based level of detail for the parallel age (2007)

Today's PCs incorporate multiple CPUs and GPUs and are easily arranged in clusters for high-performance, interactive graphics. We present an approach based on hierarchical, screen-space tiles to parallelizing rendering with level of detail. Adapttiles, render tiles, and machine tiles are associated with CPUs, GPUs, and PCs, respectively, to efficiently parallelize the workload with good resource utilization. Adaptive tile sizes provide load balancing while our level of detail system allows total and independent management of the load on CPUs and GPUs. We demonstrate our approach on parallel configurations consisting of both single PCs and a cluster of PCs
A simple two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography/high performance capillary electrophoresis set-up for the separation of complex mixtures (1999)

A two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography/capillary electrophoresis (HPLC/CE) instrumental set-up was assembled from commercially available equipment. Fractions of the effluent from the HPLC system are collected into microtiter plates with a microfraction collector. The fractions are then dried under vacuum at room temperature, reconstituted, and analyzed by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). This method allows the collection of samples by time, drops, or external signal (peaks). Any size or type of HPLC or CE column can be used with no limitation on the amount of sample injected into the HPLC. Any CE detection, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), mass spectrometry (MS), ultraviolet (UV) or other, can be used. This set-up is practical, simple, robust and allows the separation of complex mixtures. Preliminary results show the utility of this system for the analysis of protein digest.
Post Hoc Analyses of ApoE Genotype-Defined Subgroups in Clinical Trials (2016)

Statistically significant differences for ApoE4 in post hoc analyses often reflect heterogeneity among small samples rather than true differential effect among ApoE4 subtypes. Such analyses must be viewed cautiously. ApoE genotype should be incorporated into the design stage to minimize erroneous conclusions.
Immunohistochemical Localization of a β-Galactoside-Binding Lectin in Rat Central Nervous System (1989)

An endogenous brain lectin exhibiting beta-galactoside specificity (RBL-16) was localized during postnatal cerebellum development both at the light- and electron-microscopical level. The lectin was widely distributed in neurons, astroglial and perivascular cells. Its levels were nearly constant during development in the two latter cell types. The lectin was developmentally regulated with a transient accumulation in Purkinje dendritic spines between the 10th- and 13th day, then it decreased until adult age. From electron-microscopical observations, it could be concluded that, in Purkinje cells, the lectin remained in the intracellular compartment, in dendrites and cell bodies. It was never externalized in the region where synaptogenesis takes place. A role in the intracellular transport of molecules should be expected from such a localization. The lectin was also transiently found on the surface of postmitotic neuroblasts in the external germinative layer and on the parallel fibers of the upper part of the molecular layer. However, it was not expressed inside neuroblasts. This suggests that part of the lectin found on the surface of neuroblasts originates from heavily stained astrocytes which could secrete it. RBL-16 could be making bridges between neuroblasts in the premigratory zone and between growing axons. A role in transient neuroblast adhesion in the external germinative layer and in parallel fiber fasciculation is expected from such a localization.
AnCrpA, a cAMP receptor protein, regulates <i>nif</i>‐related gene expression in the cyanobacterium <i>Anabaena</i> sp. strain PCC 7120 grown with nitrate (2006)

Target genes for a cAMP receptor protein, AnCrpA, were screened using an Anabaena oligonucleotide microarray and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Several gene expressions, including some involved in nitrogen fixation, were downregulated in the ancrpA disruptant when cells were grown with nitrate. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) revealed that AnCrpA bound to the 5' upstream region of nifB, all1439, hesA, all5347, hglE and coxBII in the presence of cAMP, and all of them are related with nitrogen fixation. A possible AnCrpA-binding site in the 5' upstream region of nifB was predicted using hidden Markov model (HMM) software based on the result of in vitro selection of AnCrpA-binding sequences, and the binding was confirmed by EMSA. Thus, AnCrpA regulates the expressions of gene clusters related to nitrogen fixation in the presence of nitrate.
The NRF2 transcription factor plays a dual role in colorectal cancer: A systematic review (2017)

The proper basal function of NRF2 and Keap1 are essential for preventing oncogenic processes in the colon. Consequently, any disruption to the expression of these genes can promote the genesis and progression of colon cancer.
Molecular evolution of the haemagglutinin–neuraminidase gene in human parainfluenza virus type 3 isolates from children with acute respiratory illness in Yamagata prefecture, Japan (2014)

We conducted detailed genetic analyses of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene in 272 human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) isolates from children with acute respiratory illness during the period 2002-2009 in Yamagata prefecture, Japan. A phylogenetic tree reconstructed by the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method showed that the strains diversified at around 1946 and that the rate of molecular evolution was 1.10×10(-3) substitutions per site per year. Identity was high among the present strains (<90 %) and the pairwise-distances were short. Furthermore, we found four positive selection sites and some key amino acid substitutions in active/catalytic sites of the HN protein. The results suggest that the HN gene of HPIV3 in the present strains evolved rapidly, similarly to other virus genes such as the G gene of respiratory syncytial virus. However, the biological functions and detailed structures of the HN glycoprotein in some of these strains may have been altered.
Semantic, Hierarchical, Online Clustering of Web search results (2004)

Today, search engine is the most commonly used tool for Web information retrieval, however, its current status is still far from satisfaction. This paper focuses on clustering Web search results in order to help users find relevant Web information more easily and quickly. The main contributions of this paper include the following. (1) The benefits of using key phrases as natural language information features are discussed. An effective and efficient algorithm based on suffix array for key phrase discovery is presented. The efficiency of this method is very high no matter how large the language&apos;s alphabet is. (2) The concept of orthogonal clustering is proposed for general clustering problems. The reason why matrix SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) can provide solution to orthogonal clustering is strictly proved. The orthogonal clustering algorithm has a solid mathematics foundation and many advantages over traditional heuristic clustering algorithms. (3) The WICE system is designed and implemented to automatically organize multilingual Web search results through a semantic, hierarchical, online clustering approach named SHOC.
Fractures in sports (1992)

This study reports the epidemiology of fractures a sports in Denmark. The ata are based on patients seen in casualty wards with a catchment area of 3% of the population in a 2‐year registration period. A total of 4572 fractures were registered among the 26,347 sport injuries seen. Fractures among soccer players were most frequent, but motorcycle sport had the highest fracture incidence. The upper extremities suffered 62% of all fractures. Nine percent of the patients had to be admitted to hospital. Seventy‐two percent of the patients needed further contact with the health system after the primary treatment in the casualty ward.
Antibody Response to Chlamydial Heat Shock Protein 60 Is Strongly Associated With Acute Coronary Syndromes (2003)

Seropositivity for Cp-HSP60 appears to be a very sensitive and specific marker of ACS, unrelated to Cp IgG antibody titers or hs-CRP and TnT levels. Its causal involvement in instability and its diagnostic role in ACS deserve further study.
Processing of PEEK/PEI blends for high performance composites in aerospace (2019)

A new approach has been considered for aeronautical composite structures with thermoplastic matrix. The new concept is based on the addition of amorphous PEI films to a semicrystalline thermoplastic PEEK/Carbon Fiber prepreg. The performed chemical-physical analysis demonstrates the good blending between the two resins. The new approach, being presently developed in a project funded by EU, could allow to perform structural parts with affordable costs through the utilization of automated lay-up (ATL and/or AFP) techniques, with a strong cost saving due to the elimination of the autoclave cycle.
Newkirk Effect: Thermally Induced Dynamic Instability of High-Speed Rotors (1973)

The Newkirk Effect is the vibration change due to thermal distortion of a rotor caused by rubbing on stationary components. B. Newkirk first noticed this phenomenon in 1924 and gave a qualitative explanation for it. The effect is not yet well enough understood. This and the importance of it in designing high-speed turbine rotors demand further work in this area. In this work an analytic study was undertaken. The static bow due to an arbitrary heat input can be found from a convolution integral of a source bow function and a heat function. Utilizing the dynamic response of the system, the resulting dynamic bow was computed. This dynamic bow controls the generated heat and the associated heat function. The resulting model can be described by a complex integral equation which can be transformed into two nonlinear differential equations. The stability and the modes of these equations have been studied. The equations themselves were solved with numerical methods. Three modes of the Newkirk Effect were discovered: spiralling, oscillating, and constant modes. It was found that critical speeds only indirectly influence the modes. The important factor is still the dynamic characteristics of the system in the form of a phase angle. It is believed that this analysis can be used for the design of rotors free of rubbing at wide ranges of speeds.
Isolation and Characterization of Three Autolytic Enzymes Associated with Sporulation of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> var. <i>thuringiensis</i> (1968)

Cells of Bacillus thuringiensis containing refractile spores autolyzed readily when suspended in buffer. The autolysate contained enzymes which lysed vegetative cell walls of the organism. Three enzymes were isolated from the autolysate, and each was purified approximately 30-fold. One enzyme, most active near pH 4.0, was found to be an N-acetylmuramidase. The other two enzymes exhibited pH optima at 8.5. One was stimulated by cobalt ions and the other was not. The cobalt-stimulated enzyme was shown to be an N-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine amidase. The cobalt insensitive enzyme exhibited both N-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine amidase and endopeptidase activity. The amidase activity may reflect incomplete separation of the cobalt-stimulated enzyme. The endopeptidase cleaved the peptide bond between l-alanine d-glutamic acid. A cell wall lytic endopeptidase with this specificity has not been previously reported. All three enzymes were extremely limited in the range of bacterial cell walls which they attacked. Except for cell walls of Micrococcus lysodeikticus, which were lysed by the muramidase, only cell walls of members of the genus Bacillus were attacked.
Improvement of DCT-Based Compression Algorithms Using Poisson's Equation (2006)

We propose two new image compression-decompression methods that reproduce images with better visual fidelity, less blocking artifacts, and better PSNR, particularly in low bit rates, than those processed by the JPEG Baseline method at the same bit rates. The additional computational cost is small, i.e., linearly proportional to the number of pixels in an input image. The first method, the "full mode" polyharmonic local cosine transform (PHLCT), modifies the encoder and decoder parts of the JPEG Baseline method. The goal of the full mode PHLCT is to reduce the code size in the encoding part and reduce the blocking artifacts in the decoder part. The second one, the "partial mode" PHLCT (or PPHLCT for short), modifies only the decoder part, and consequently, accepts the JPEG files, yet decompresses them with higher quality with less blocking artifacts. The key idea behind these algorithms is a decomposition of each image block into a polyharmonic component and a residual. The polyharmonic component in this paper is an approximate solution to Poisson's equation with the Neumann boundary condition, which means that it is a smooth predictor of the original image block only using the image gradient information across the block boundary. Thus, the residual--obtained by removing the polyharmonic component from the original image block--has approximately zero gradient across the block boundary, which gives rise to the fast-decaying DCT coefficients, which, in turn, lead to more efficient compression-decompression algorithms for the same bit rates. We show that the polyharmonic component of each block can be estimated solely by the first column and row of the DCT coefficient matrix of that block and those of its adjacent blocks and can predict an original image data better than some of the other AC prediction methods previously proposed. Our numerical experiments objectively and subjectively demonstrate the superiority of PHLCT over the JPEG Baseline method and the improvement of the JPEG-compressed images when decompressed by PPHLCT.
Napsamycins, new Pseudomonas active antibiotics of the mureidomycin family from Streptomyces sp. HIL Y-82, 11372. (1994)

During the course of our screening program for antibiotics specifically active against Pseudomonas, we discovered four such new compounds which we named napsamycins A~D,1} from the culture filtrate ofa Streptomyces sp. HIL Y-82,1 1372 (DSM accession No. 5940). Chemical and spectroscopic analysis revealed that they belonged to the class of peptidylnucleoside antibiotics represented by the
MUTAGENIC and RECOMBINOGENIC EFFECTS OF DNA CROSS‐LINKS INDUCED IN YEAST BY 8‐METHOXYPSORALEN PHOTOADDITION (1984)

Abstract— A re‐irradiation with a saturating dose of UVA after pretreatment with 8‐methoxypsoralen (8‐MOP) plus low doses of UVA and removal of unbound 8‐MOP, induces an increase in frequencies of mutants and recombinants in repair‐proficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The magnitude of this increase is proportional to the first UVA dose. An incubation of cells between the two UVA doses allowing the repair of monoadducts produced by the first dose abolishes the enhancement in frequencies of mutants and recombinants. It is concluded that in yeast cross‐links are not solely lethal but could constitute, in repair proficient cells, premutagenic and prerecombinogenic lesions.