gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supporting change in product lines within the context of use case-driven development and testing (2016)

Product Line Engineering (PLE) is becoming a common practice in industry to enhance product quality, to reduce development costs, and to improve time-to-market. At the same time, many development contexts are use case-driven and this strongly influences their requirements engineering and system testing practices. In this PhD project, we aim to achieve automated and effective change management in a product family within the context of use case-driven development and system testing. To this end, we first provide a modeling method for capturing variability information explicitly in Product Line (PL) use case and domain models. Then, we propose an automated configuration approach to automatically generate Product Specific (PS) use case and domain models from PL models. In addition, we plan to provide a change impact analysis approach for PL use case and domain models and automated regression test selection for system test cases derived from PL use case models.
High-Throughput Ionic Liquid Ion Sources Using Arrays of Microfabricated Electrospray Emitters With Integrated Extractor Grid and Carbon Nanotube Flow Control Structures (2014)

We report the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of dense, monolithic, and planar arrays of externally-fed electrospray emitters with an integrated extractor grid and carbon nanotube flow control structures for low-voltage and high-throughput electrospray of the ionic liquid EMI-BF4 in vacuum. Microfabricated arrays with as many as 1900 emitters in 1 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> were fabricated and tested. Per-emitter currents as high as 5 μA in both polarities were measured, with start-up bias voltages as low as 470 V and extractor grid transmission as high as 80%. Maximum array emission currents of 1.35 mA (1.35 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) were measured using arrays of 1900 emitters in 1 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . A conformal carbon nanotube forest grown on the surface of the emitters acts as a wicking structure that transports liquid to the emitter tips, providing hydraulic impedance to regulate and uniformize the emission across the array. Mass spectrometry of the electrospray beam confirms that emission in both polarities is composed of solvated ions, and etching of the silicon collector electrode is observed. Collector imprints and per-emitter current-voltage characteristics for different emitter array sizes spanning three orders of magnitude show excellent emission uniformity across the array. Performance estimates of the devices as nanosatellite thrusters are provided.
Chill-Pass: Using Neuro-Physiological Responses to Chill Music to Defeat Coercion Attacks (2016)

Current alphanumeric and biometric authentication systems cannot withstand situations where a user is coerced into releasing their authentication materials under hostile circumstances. Existing approaches of coercion resistant authentication systems (CRAS) propose authentication factors such as implicit learning tasks, which are non-transferable, but still have the drawback that an attacker can force the victim (causing stress) to perform the task in order to gain unauthorized access. Alternatively, there could be cases where the user could claim that they were coerced into giving up the authentication materials, whereas in reality they acted as an insider attacker. Therefore, being able to detect stress during authentication also helps to achieve non-repudiation in such cases. To address these concerns, we need CRAS that have both the non-transferable property as well as a mechanism to detect stress related to coercion. In this paper, we study the feasibility of using Chill (intensely pleasurable) music as a stimulus to elicit unique neuro-physiological responses that can be used as an authenticating factor for CRAS. Chill music and stress are both stimuli for a neuro-chemical called Dopamine. However, they release the Dopamine at different parts of the brain, resulting in different neuro-physiological responses, which gives us both the non-transferable and stress-detection properties necessary for CRAS. We have experimentally validated our proposed Chill music based CRAS using human subjects and measuring their neuro-physiological responses on our prototype system. Based on the 100 samples collected from the subjects, we were able to successfully authenticate the subjects with an accuracy of over 90\%. Our work not only demonstrates the potential of Chill music as a unique stimulus for CRAS, but also paves the path of wider adoption of CRAS in general.
Molecular Design of Carbazole Polymers for Photorefractive Applications (1997)

Abstract New carbazole photorefractive polymers with net photorefractive gain are reported.
IFN-gamma treatment of K562 cells inhibits natural killer cell triggering and decreases the susceptibility to lysis by cytoplasmic granules from large granular lymphocytes. (1988)

Pretreatment of human K562 leukemia cells with rIFN-alpha and rIFN-gamma resulted in decreased susceptibility to lysis by human peripheral blood NK cells. The reduction of NK-susceptibility after IFN treatment was not due to a general effect of IFN on the stability of the cell membrane because the susceptibility of K562 cells to lysis by antibodies plus C, distilled water, or lysolecithin was unaffected. Binding studies with effector cell preparations enriched for NK cells with large granular lymphocyte morphology revealed no difference in binding to control and IFN-gamma-treated target cells. The sensitivity to soluble NK cytotoxic factors was not affected significantly by the IFN treatment. In contrast, the susceptibility of IFN-treated target cells to the cytotoxic activity of purified cytoplasmic granules from a rat large granular lymphocyte tumor was significantly reduced, indicating that the IFN-induced resistance acted at the level of susceptibility to the lytic mechanism of NK cells. However, IFN-alpha was more effective than IFN-gamma in inducing resistance to the cytoplasmic granules although resulting in only a weak resistance in the cell-mediated cytotoxic assay. IFN-gamma but not IFN-alpha caused a reduction in the frequency of effector cells that had reoriented their Golgi apparatus toward their bound target cell. In addition, IFN-gamma treated K562 cells failed to elicit an influx of Ca2+ into effector cells. Taken together, the results suggest that IFN-gamma in addition to an increased resistance to the lytic molecules released by NK cells can also induce changes in the target cells which prevent the triggering and activation of the effector cell.
A pyrazolylamine‐phosphonate monoester chelator for the <i>fac</i>‐[M(CO)<sub>3</sub>]<sup>+</sup> core (M = Re, <sup>99m</sup>Tc): synthesis, coordination properties and biological assessment (2007)

Abstract Aiming to develop new strategies for the labeling of hydroxyl‐containing biomolecules with the organometallic core fac ‐[ 99m Tc(CO) 3 ] + , we have prepared a new model bifunctional chelator, L4 (ethyl hydrogen (2‐{[2‐(3,5‐dimethyl‐1 H ‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)phosphonate), combining a pyrazolyl‐amine chelating group and a monophosphonate ethyl ester function (–P(O)OHOEt). The phosphonate group allows metal stabilization, and, simultaneously, can be considered as a potential attachment site for a biomolecule. Reaction of L4 with the precursor [ 99m Tc(H 2 O) 3 (CO) 3 ] + gave the model radiocomplex [ 99m Tc(CO) 3 (k 3 ‐L4)] ( 6a ). This radiocomplex was identified by comparing its chromatographic profile with that of the corresponding Re analog ( 6 ) under the same conditions, also prepared and fully characterized by the usual analytical techniques. Radiocomplex 6a is moderately lipophilic (log P o/w = 1.07), presenting high stability in vitro without any measurable decomposition or ligand exchange, even in the presence of strong competing chelators such as histidine and cysteine (37°C, 24 h). Biodistribution studies of the complex in CD‐1 mice indicated a rapid blood clearance, and a rapid clearance from main organs, occurring primarily through the hepatobiliary pathway. Complex 6a presents also a high robustness in vivo , demonstrated by its resistance to metabolic degradation in blood, and intact excretion into the urine, after RP‐HPLC analysis of blood and urine samples. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of Quadruped Walking Robots and Their Gait Study (1993)

This paper describes the quadruped walking robots developed at the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory and their gait analysis. Legged locomotion has the potential to adapt itself to changes in walking conditions, but also has problems such as complexity. To overcome these problems, a new link mechanism called ASTBALLEM is used for the legs of the robots, and highly rigid and easily controllable legs are constructed by using this mechanism. To make a legged robot walk stably, it is necessary to provide a suitable gait. In this paper, two kinds of gaits are considered. One is the periodic gait, and it is systematically classified by two parameters. By using this classification method, suitable gaits for static walking and dynamic walking are selected. The other is the adaptive gait. In order to realize their potentials, walking robots must sense the walking conditions and change their gaits. Two adaptive gait schemes are proposed in this paper. One is a gait which adapts to the position of the center of gravity, and the other is a gait for incline terrain. Both gaits use force sensor data for detecting changes in the walking conditions. All the gaits discussed in this paper are experimentally evaluated.
Goth's Medical Pharmacology (1992)

The latest edition of Goth's Medical Pharmacology has been streamlined and brought up-to-date to provide the most current information on the subject. Discussion of modern principles of drug-receptor interactions has been expanded and a discussion of concepts of drug tolerance and dependency has been added. Filling the need for an accurate, up-to-date pharmacology textbook that covers the general understanding how drugs are applied to management of medical problems, it provides information about the actions, uses, adverse effects, kinetic properties, and toxicology of all widely used drugs. The book is aimed at medical students, student nurses and health science students.
UniProt Tools (2016)

The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) is a comprehensive resource for protein sequence and annotation data (UniProt Consortium, 2015). The UniProt Web site receives ∼400,000 unique visitors per month and is the primary means to access UniProt. Along with various datasets that you can search, UniProt provides three main tools. These are the 'BLAST' tool for sequence similarity searching, the 'Align' tool for multiple sequence alignment, and the 'Retrieve/ID Mapping' tool for using a list of identifiers to retrieve UniProtKB proteins and to convert database identifiers from UniProt to external databases or vice versa. This unit provides three basic protocols, three alternate protocols, and two support protocols for using UniProt tools.
Development of fiber bundle type fan-out for 19-core multicore fiber (2014)

We developed fiber bundle type fan-out for 19-core MCF. Its core pitch was distributed within +/-0.37 mum. Low insertion loss < 1.10dB and low XT < -51dB were confirmed in connection configuration of fan-in and fanout.
Stakeholders' conceptions of learning in learning management systems development (2007)

Oppimisympäristöt ovat vahvasti mukana oppimisessa, esimerkiksi kouluopetuksessa ja henkilöstökoulutuksessa. Kouluopetuksessa oppimisympäristöjä käytetään muun muassa tukemaan lasten ja nuorten elinikäistä oppimista. Monien käyttökontekstien vuoksi oppimisympäristöjen kehittäminen on laaja-alainen prosessi, johon osallistuvilla ihmisillä on tehtävien mukaisia rooleja. Kehittämisprosessissa voi olla mukana esimerkiksi järjestelmäsuunnittelijoita, oppimateriaalin sisällöntuottajia, opettajia ja oppilaita. Vaikka tarjolla on paljon oppimista tukevaa teknologiaa, on haasteellista kehittää tietojärjestelmiä tukemaan erityisesti yksilöllistä oppimista. Ari Wahlstedt tutki, millaisia oppimiskäsityksiä erityisesti järjestelmäsuunnittelijoilla ja oppimateriaalin sisällöntuottajilla on oppimisympäristöjen kehittämisessä. Oppimisympäristön rakenteeseen ja sisältöön vaikuttavat suunnittelijoiden ja sisällöntuottajien oppimiskäsitykset. Tämä vaikutus voi olla tietoinen, jolloin tietoisesti valitaan jokin oppimiskäsitys, jota pyritään noudattamaan, tai tiedostamaton, jolloin oppimiskäsitykset vaikuttavat alitajunnassa materiaalin suunnitteluun ja toteuttamiseen. Ari Wahlstedtin tutkimuksen päätulokset ovat oppimisympäristöjen kehittämiseen osallistuvien oppimiskäsityksien luokittelu ja tutkimuksessa kehitetty fenomenografiaa soveltava käsitysten tutkimusmenetelmä. Wahlstedt toteutti tapaus- ja kyselytutkimuksen, jossa havaittiin osallistujien oppimiskäsitysten sisältävän samankaltaisuuksia keskenään ja liittyvän tunnettuihin oppimisteorioihin sekä aikaisempiin oppimiskäsityksiin. Kuitenkin jokaisen osallistujan käsitys oppimisesta oli ainutlaatuinen ja käsityksenä muuttuva. Koska ihmisten käsitykset muuttuvat ja ihmiset toimivat muuttuvassa ympäristössä, on selvää että tietojärjestelmät, erityisesti oppimista tukevat tietojärjestelmät, tulisi kehittää ottaen huomioon oppimiskäsitteiden muuttuminen. Wahlstedt kuvaa havaittuja oppimiskäsityksiä arkitiedon tasolla käyttäen viisitasoista luokittelua: oppiminen on laaja ja yleinen abstrakti käsite, jatkuvaa ihmisen kognitiivista muutosta ja kehittymistä, vapaaehtoista toimintaa, kokemus ja todellista ja merkityksellistä sosiaalista vuorovaikutusta ihmisen ympäristön kanssa. Tätä luokittelua voivat erilaisten oppimisympäristöjen suunnittelijat ja toteuttajat käyttää jäsentäessään oppimiskäsityksiä ennen oppimisympäristöjen kehittämistä ja toteuttamista. Tärkeää järjestelmän valinnan lisäksi on siis huomioida käsitykset järjestelmän kehittämisen taustalla. Eräänä teoreettisena ratkaisuna yksilöllisten ja muuttuvien oppimiskäsitysten huomioonottamiseen esitetään agenttiteknologian hyödyntämistä tulevien dynaamisten oppimisympäristöjen toteuttamisessa. Ohjelmistoagentteja hyödyntämällä voidaan esimerkiksi lisätä oppimisympäristön ja käyttäjän vuorovaikutusta.
Morphology of Glial Blood‐Brain Barriers (1991)

Glial cells, in certain situations in the CNS, may become modified to form the structural basis of the blood-brain barrier. This occurs in more primitive vertebrates, such as the elasmobranch fish, and in some higher invertebrates. In the latter, the outermost glial sheath, often called the perineurium in avascular ganglia, substitutes functionally for the vascular endothelium of higher organisms. The intercellular junctions between the lateral borders of these modified glial or perineurial cells may be of several types. In nearly all cases, adhesive and communicating (gap) junctions are found together with an occluding junctional structure. The latter is assumed to be the morphologic basis of the observed blood-brain barrier. It varies in nature and may be one in which the adjacent cell membranes fuse, partially or completely, to form a classical tight junction, or it may be one in which the cell membranes remain separated by a distinct intercellular cleft. If the latter, the cleft may be straddled by columns or septal ribbons, between which a charged matrix substance may be found. Restrictive linker junctions, recently found to be the basis of the interglial barrier in cephalopod CNS, as well as that of myriapods, are characterized by cross-striations or columns which, in combination with charged residues, inherent either in them or in the associated extracellular matrix, slow down the entry of exogenous molecules. Septate junctions, which occur between glial cells in certain other invertebrates, exhibit intercellular septal ribbons, which do not prohibit paracellular transport of all substances but may slow down the passage of some by virtue of charged moieties. There is an association of cytoskeletal components with these septate, linker, and tight junctions; the role of the cytoskeleton in tight junctions, which can be seen by freeze fracture to be based on simple ridges in insects or a more complex network of them in arachnids, may also be important in the regulation of paracellular permeability. The structural details of the junctions in different groups are summarized and their physiologic implications discussed.
Implementation and Evaluation of the Personal Wellness Coach (2005)

This paper describes the design and evaluation of a wearable personal wellness coach system that supports a range of activities including health data collection, interpretation, feedback and self-monitoring. We implemented a wearable computing platform consisting of an array of sensors and application software to motivate users to reach fitness goals and prevent harm in a real-time environment. Evaluation and testing were done on 65 users in four groups: students, health club members, ROTC members and baby boomer-age individuals. Comparing the personal wellness coach against an existing exercise product, our results indicate that this system is an effective tool that is less intrusive and in some cases can perform like a personal trainer and help improve user efficiency.
Purinergic signalling and immune cells (2014)

This review article provides a historical perspective on the role of purinergic signalling in the regulation of various subsets of immune cells from early discoveries to current understanding. It is now recognised that adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and other nucleotides are released from cells following stress or injury. They can act on virtually all subsets of immune cells through a spectrum of P2X ligand-gated ion channels and G protein-coupled P2Y receptors. Furthermore, ATP is rapidly degraded into adenosine by ectonucleotidases such as CD39 and CD73, and adenosine exerts additional regulatory effects through its own receptors. The resulting effect ranges from stimulation to tolerance depending on the amount and time courses of nucleotides released, and the balance between ATP and adenosine. This review identifies the various receptors involved in the different subsets of immune cells and their effects on the function of these cells.
Synthesis of adamantane derivatives. 52. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reactions of 1-azidoadamantane. Reactivity, regioselectivity, and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of 1-(1-adamantyl)-.DELTA.2-1,2,3-triazolines and -1H-1,2,3-triazoles (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of adamantane derivatives. 52. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reactions of 1-azidoadamantane. Reactivity, regioselectivity, and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of 1-(1-adamantyl)-.DELTA.2-1,2,3-triazolines and -1H-1,2,3-triazolesTadashi Sasaki, Shoji Eguchi, Mikio Yamaguchi, and Toshiyuki EsakiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 9, 1800–1804Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00322a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00322a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views772Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Layered Nanomaterials: Fabrication of Single‐ and Multilayer MoS<sub>2</sub> Film‐Based Field‐Effect Transistors for Sensing NO at Room Temperature (Small 1/2012) (2012)

The cover image illustrates the fabricated MoS2 film field-effect transistor (FET) used for sensing nitric oxide (NO). By using the scotch-tape-based mechanical exfoliation technique, single- and multilayer MoS2 films are prepared and deposited onto Si/SiO2 substrates, which are then used for fabrication of FETs, exhibiting n-type semiconducting properties. These FETs are used as gas sensors to detect NO. The double-layer MoS2 FET device gives a detection limit of 0.8 ppm, suggesting potential applications for these 2D MoS2 FETs. For more information, please read the Communication “Fabrication of Single- and Multilayer MoS2 Film-Based Field-Effect Transistors for Sensing NO at Room Temperature” by H. Zhang and co-workers, beginning on page 63.
Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Is an Early Event That May Persist for Many Years After Traumatic Brain Injury in Humans (2015)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for dementia. Mixed neurodegenerative pathologies have been described in late survivors of TBI, but the mechanisms driving post-TBI neurodegeneration remain elusive. Increasingly, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption has been recognized in a range of neurologic disorders including dementias, but little is known of the consequences of TBI on the BBB. Autopsy cases of single moderate or severe TBI from the Glasgow TBI Archive (n = 70) were selected to include a range from acute (10 hours-13 days) to long-term (1-47 years) survival, together with age-matched uninjured controls (n = 21). Multiple brain regions were examined using immunohistochemistry for the BBB integrity markers fibrinogen and immunoglobulin G. After TBI, 40% of patients dying in the acute phase and 47% of those surviving a year or more from injury showed multifocal, abnormal, perivascular, and parenchymal fibrinogen and immunoglobulin G immunostaining localized to the gray matter, with preferential distribution toward the crests of gyri and deep neocortical layers. In contrast, when present, controls showed only limited localized immunostaining. These preliminary data demonstrate evidence of widespread BBB disruption in a proportion of TBI patients emerging in the acute phase and, intriguingly, persisting in a high proportion of late survivors.