gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol induces extensive apoptosis by depolarizing mitochondrial membranes and activating caspase-9 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. (2001)

Resveratrol, a plant antibiotic, has been found to have anticancer activity and was recently reported to induce apoptosis in the myeloid leukemia line HL60 by the CD95-CD95 ligand pathway. However, many acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALLs), particularly of B-lineage, are resistant to CD95-mediated apoptosis. Using leukemia lines derived from patients with pro-B t(4;11), pre-B, and T-cell ALL, we show in this report that resveratrol induces extensive apoptotic cell death not only in CD95-sensitive leukemia lines, but also in B-lineage leukemic cells that are resistant to CD95-signaling. Multiple dose treatments of the leukemic cells with 50 microM resveratrol resulted in >/=80% cell death with no statistically significant cytotoxicity against normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells under identical conditions. Resveratrol treatment did not increase CD95 expression or trigger sensitivity to CD95-mediated apoptosis in the ALL lines. Inhibition of CD95-signaling with a CD95-specific antagonistic antibody indicated that CD95-CD95 ligand interactions were not involved in initiating resveratrol-induced apoptosis. However, in each ALL line, resveratrol induced progressive loss of mitochondrial membrane potential as measured by the dual emission pattern of the mitochondria-selective dye JC-1. The broad spectrum caspase inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone failed to block the depolarization of mitochondrial membranes induced by resveratrol, further indicating that resveratrol action was independent of upstream caspase-8 activation via receptor ligation. However, increases in caspase-9 activity ranged from 4- to 9-fold in the eight cell lines after treatment with resveratrol. Taken together, these results point to a general mechanism of apoptosis induction by resveratrol in ALL cells that involves a mitochondria/caspase-9-specific pathway for the activation of the caspase cascade and is independent of CD95-signaling.
Two-Dimensional Fourier-Based Modeling of Electric Machines—An Overview (2019)

An increasing need for fast and reliable models has led to a continuous development of Fourier-based (FB) analytical modeling. This paper presents an overview of the techniques that are currently available in FB modeling for electric machines. By coupling that overview to the most relevant literature related to the subject, an interesting starting point is provided for anyone who wants to use or improve FB models. The following seven aspects of FB models are discussed in detail: 1) the magnetic potential (scalar or vector potential); 2) the coordinate system and the solution of the partial-differential equations for each magnetic potential and for each coordinate system; 3) the way in which time dependence is accounted for; 4) the implementation of the source terms; 5) the possibilities to account for slotted structures; 6) the modeling of eccentricity; and 7) the post-processing computation of physical quantities, such as flux density, electromotive force, torque, losses, and eddy currents in conductive objects. Furthermore, this paper gives the closed form solution of the Laplace, Poisson, and Helmholtz equations in each coordinate system. In addition, this paper tackles other important features of FB models such as computational time reduction and coupling the machine model to an electric circuit.
Privacy enhancements for mobile and social uses of consumer electronics (2010)

Today's consumer electronics feature marvelous capabilities. From smartphones to in-car navigators to media players, all benefit from advances in underlying components such as RAM, GPS chips, and fast communications networks. Buddy-mapping applications, now possible and deployed on smartphones and personal navigation systems, are a meld of communications, instant messaging, location-aware service, and map mash-up. These kinds of applications can be incredibly useful and fun; at the same time, their feature creep can threaten user privacy. For example, the ability to map all buddies on a mobile smartphone via a mobile buddymapping application (e.g., Google Latitude) also makes it necessary to manage one's visibility with respect to a large number of buddies. As we explain in this article, this is of key importance since once one is seen on another's map, one's intent can sometimes be inferred; and even if intent is not something one is hiding per se, it is still desirable to know "Who can see me now?" and to be forewarned of impending visibility. Today's consumer communications applications and devices do not handle these requirements well. This article presents middleware architecture and methodology that can help give users of buddy-mapping services greater awareness of who is about to see them before they are actually seen.
Therapeutic Angiogenesis in Diabetes and Hypercholesterolemia: Influence of Oxidative Stress (2009)

Despite significant improvements in the medical, percutaneous, and surgical management, numerous patients are first seen with non-revascularizable coronary artery disease (CAD). The growth of new blood vessels to improve myocardial perfusion (i.e., therapeutic angiogenesis) is an attractive treatment option for these patients. However, the successes of angiogenic therapy, observed in preclinical studies, have not been realized in clinical trials. Increasing evidence suggests that this discrepancy between animal and human studies may be due to the nature of the substrate, or the molecular and cellular environment within which the angiogenic agent acts. Antiangiogenic influences, including endothelial dysfunction, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes, are present in virtually all patients with advanced CAD. Recent studies have better characterized the abnormalities associated with these disease states, providing novel targets for intervention. These substrate-modifying interventions can potentially enhance the response to protein-, gene-, or cell-based angiogenic therapy. In this review, we discuss key aspects of the angiogenic process and the pathophysiologic and molecular mechanisms that contribute to an impaired angiogenic response in the setting of endothelial dysfunction, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes, with a focus on the role of oxidative stress. Last, we briefly explore substrate modifying agents that have been evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies to improve the angiogenic response.
Radiation (1967)

Our whole study of heat so far has been with reference to matter, randomly energized matter. But matter cannot possess this random energy without setting up a corresponding random energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation. By looking on atoms and molecules as point masses without recognizing their essentially electrical structure, we have missed entirely the possibility of this electrical concomitant of thermal motion. The experimental study of heat cannot go far without revealing the existence of thermal radiation, as a mode of heat transfer. Much less obvious is its nature as electromagnetic radiation. It has the same nature as radio waves, but at the same time has a randomness in energy-distribution akin to that of thermal motion.
The In Vivo Kinetics of RNA Polymerase II Elongation during Co-Transcriptional Splicing (2011)

RNA processing events that take place on the transcribed pre-mRNA include capping, splicing, editing, 3' processing, and polyadenylation. Most of these processes occur co-transcriptionally while the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) enzyme is engaged in transcriptional elongation. How Pol II elongation rates are influenced by splicing is not well understood. We generated a family of inducible gene constructs containing increasing numbers of introns and exons, which were stably integrated in human cells to serve as actively transcribing gene loci. By monitoring the association of the transcription and splicing machineries on these genes in vivo, we showed that only U1 snRNP localized to the intronless gene, consistent with a splicing-independent role for U1 snRNP in transcription. In contrast, all snRNPs accumulated on intron-containing genes, and increasing the number of introns increased the amount of spliceosome components recruited. This indicates that nascent RNA can assemble multiple spliceosomes simultaneously. Kinetic measurements of Pol II elongation in vivo, Pol II ChIP, as well as use of Spliceostatin and Meayamycin splicing inhibitors showed that polymerase elongation rates were uncoupled from ongoing splicing. This study shows that transcription elongation kinetics proceed independently of splicing at the model genes studied here. Surprisingly, retention of polyadenylated mRNA was detected at the transcription site after transcription termination. This suggests that the polymerase is released from chromatin prior to the completion of splicing, and the pre-mRNA is post-transcriptionally processed while still tethered to chromatin near the gene end.
Fixed-Rate Compressed Floating-Point Arrays (2014)

Current compression schemes for floating-point data commonly take fixed-precision values and compress them to a variable-length bit stream, complicating memory management and random access. We present a fixed-rate, near-lossless compression scheme that maps small blocks of 4(d) values in d dimensions to a fixed, user-specified number of bits per block, thereby allowing read and write random access to compressed floating-point data at block granularity. Our approach is inspired by fixed-rate texture compression methods widely adopted in graphics hardware, but has been tailored to the high dynamic range and precision demands of scientific applications. Our compressor is based on a new, lifted, orthogonal block transform and embedded coding, allowing each per-block bit stream to be truncated at any point if desired, thus facilitating bit rate selection using a single compression scheme. To avoid compression or decompression upon every data access, we employ a software write-back cache of uncompressed blocks. Our compressor has been designed with computational simplicity and speed in mind to allow for the possibility of a hardware implementation, and uses only a small number of fixed-point arithmetic operations per compressed value. We demonstrate the viability and benefits of lossy compression in several applications, including visualization, quantitative data analysis, and numerical simulation.
Interference with thyroid histogenesis by inhibitors of collagen synthesis. (1977)

Histogenesis of thyroid follicles in the chick embryo begins with a penetration by cells of the mesenchymal capsule into a solid epithelial primordium. Before penetration occurs, slits containing fibrillar material form between the epithelial cells. The fibrillar material is an epithelial cell product as shown by its formation within channels that form in cultures of isolated epithelial primordia. The drugs L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (LACA) and alpha, alpha'-dipyridyl, which interfere with collagen synthesis, prevent the formation of fibrils in cultured epithelial primordia and in cultures of whole thyroids. Furthermore, mesenchymal cells do not invade when whole thyroid primordia are cultured in the presence of either drug. The effects of alpha, alpha'-dipyridyl are reversed by washing out the drug; the effects of LACA are reversed by incubation with equimolar or greater amounts of L-proline added to the medium along with the drug. The results are interpreted to mean that the fibrillar material is collagen of epithelial origin, that the collagen in some way plays a role in mesenchymal penetration of the epithelial primordium, and that the epithelium is responsible for the pattern of lobulation within the developing gland.
Morphometric evidence for non-pressure-related arterial wall thickening in hypertension. (1988)

To investigate the relation of pressure and vascular wall thickening in hypertension, we coarcted the abdominal aorta upstream to the renal arteries in 14 rats. Sham-coarcted (n = 16) and two-kidney, one-clip (Goldblatt) hypertensive rats (n = 13) served as controls. Tail, femoral, and carotid arterial pressures rose (p less than 0.01) in the two-kidney, one-clip hypertensives; only carotid pressure rose (p less than 0.01) in the coarcted rats, tail and femoral pressures remaining normal (p greater than 0.25). Thus, the hindquarters of the coarcted rats remained normotensive. Four to six weeks after surgery we perfusion-fixed vascular tissues of the hindquarters, including kidneys, with formalin at in vivo levels of pressure. Glycol methacrylate-embedded tissues were sectioned at 1 micron thickness and vessels quantitatively evaluated. The outer medial and lumen perimeters of abdominal aorta, femoral artery, and renal arterioles were measured; from these measurements, vessel outer and lumen diameters, medial thickness, medial area, and medial thickness-to-lumen radius ratios were calculated. Compared with sham-coarcted rats, abdominal aorta, femoral arteries, and renal arterioles less than 61 microns outer diameter in rats with coarctation and Goldblatt hypertension had significantly increased (up to +100%) medial area, medial thickness, and medial thickness-to-lumen radius ratios. In general, magnitudes of abnormalities were similar in Goldblatt and coarcted rats. Renal arterioles greater than 60 microns outside diameter in Goldblatt hypertensive, but not coarcted, rats also were thickened. These results indicate that vascular wall thickening occurs in conduit arteries and smaller renal arterioles in the normotensive hindquarters of coarcted rats, providing morphometric evidence for non-pressure-related mechanisms involved in vascular growth in this form of hypertension.
Dynamics of Complex Systems (Studies in Nonlinearity) (1998)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Yaneer Bar-Yam, Susan R. McKay, Wolfgang Christian; Dynamics of Complex Systems (Studies in Nonlinearity). Comput. Phys. 1 July 1998; 12 (4): 335–336. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4822633 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioComputer in Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Super Strong Permanent Magnet Quadrupole for a Linear Collider (2004)

The field strength generated by permanent magnets has been further extended by introduction of saturated iron. A permanent magnet quadrupole (PMQ) lens with such saturated iron is one of the candidates for the final focus lens for an e/sup +/e/sup -/ linear collider accelerator, because of its compactness and low power consumption. The first prototype of the PMQ has been fabricated and demonstrated to have an integrated strength of 28.5 T with an overall length of 10 cm and a 7 mm bore radius. Two drawbacks should be considered: its negative temperature coefficient of field strength and its fixed strength. A thermal compensation material is being tested to cure the first problem. The other problem may be solved by rotating sectioned magnet bricks, but that may lead to movement of the magnetic center and introduction of multipoles beyond some strict requirements.
Molecular beam epitaxy of GaN<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>Bi<sub><i>x</i></sub> alloys with high bismuth content (2012)

Abstract We have analysed bismuth incorporation into GaN layers using plasma‐assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA‐MBE) at extremely low growth temperatures of less than ∼100 °C under both Ga‐rich and N‐rich growth conditions. The formation of amorphous GaN 1− x Bi x alloys is promoted by growth under Ga‐rich conditions. The amorphous matrix has a short‐range order resembling random crystalline GaN 1− x Bi x alloys. We have observed the formation of small crystalline clusters embedded into amorphous GaN 1− x Bi x alloys. Despite the fact that the films are pseudo‐amorphous we observe a well defined optical absorption edges that rapidly shift to very low energy of ∼1 eV.
On precision and scalability of elephant flow detection in data center with SDN (2013)

Software Defined Network (SDN) provides better network management and higher utilization for data center network, which decouples control plane from data plane. The centralized control of entire network may result in large overhead and limit the scalability of control plane. Previously, some researches [6] [7] proposed an approach for reducing work load on controller with elephant flow detection. However, the threshold of the detection system was pre-configured with a fixed value without consideration of the dynamically changing traffic characteristics in data center, which could cause high detection error rates. In this paper, we propose a two-stage adaptive elephant flow detection system that could precisely identify elephant flows with low-overhead on controller. The main challenge is to configure the relevant decision threshold adaptively. We formulate it as an optimization problem and present an optimal solution. Analysis and experiment showed the benefits of our system over previous methods.
Conjunctive Representation of Position, Direction, and Velocity in Entorhinal Cortex (2006)

Grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) are part of an environment-independent spatial coordinate system. To determine how information about location, direction, and distance is integrated in the grid-cell network, we recorded from each principal cell layer of MEC in rats that explored two-dimensional environments. Whereas layer II was predominated by grid cells, grid cells colocalized with head-direction cells and conjunctive grid x head-direction cells in the deeper layers. All cell types were modulated by running speed. The conjunction of positional, directional, and translational information in a single MEC cell type may enable grid coordinates to be updated during self-motion-based navigation.
Recrystallization Characteristics of Commercially Pure Titanium Rolled at Elevated Temperatures (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactions of α‐Carbomethoxy‐N‐phenylmaleimide and Related Electrophilic Ethylenes. (1989)

Abstract The title compound (IX), produced as outlined in the reaction scheme, proves to be a reactive olefin.
Real-time detection of Fe{middle dot}EDTA/H2O2-induced DNA cleavage by linear dichroism (2008)

The conditions for the measurement of linear dichroism (LD) can be adjusted so as to solely reflect the length and the flexibility of DNA. The real-time detection of the EDTA.Fe(2+)-induced oxidative cleavage of double-stranded native and synthetic DNAs was performed using LD. The decrease in the magnitude of the LD at 260 nm, which reflects an increase in the flexibility and a decrease in the length of the DNA, can be described by the sum of two or three exponential curves in relation to the EDTA.Fe(2+) concentration. The fast component was assigned to the cleavage of one of the double strands, inducing an increase in the flexibility, while the other slower component was assigned to the cleavage of the double strand, resulting in the shortening of DNA. The decrease in the magnitude of the LD of poly[d(A-T)(2)] was similar to that of poly[d(I-C)(2)], while that of poly[d(G-C)(2)] was found to be the slowest, indicating that the resistance of poly[d(G-C)(2)] against the Fenton-type reagent was the strongest. This observation suggests that the amine group in the minor groove of the double helix may play an important role in slowing the EDTA.Fe(2+)-induced oxidative cleavage.
Evaluación y validación de la prueba de qPCR para el control y monitoreo de diatomeas del género Pseudo-nitzschia en las bahías de Guaynuna y Salinas (2016)

La proliferación desmedida de la diatomea del género Pseudo-nitzschia, en conjunto o no con otros grupos de microalgas, conforman las llamadas floraciones de algas nocivas (FAN) las cuales generan un gran impacto negativo en la salud humana, el ecosistema marino y las actividades económicas relacionadas. Objetivo: Evaluar y validar el método molecular qPCR para el control y monitoreo de la diatomea del género Pseudo-nitzschia responsable de producir la toxina amnésica (ASP). Metodología: Se tomaron un total de 63 muestras de agua de mar durante el periodo de noviembre 2012 a diciembre 2013. Las muestras fueron recolectadas en las Bahías de Guaynuna y Salinas (Perú) las cuales presentan como principal actividad económica el cultivo de moluscos bivalvos. Se realizó la concentración de las muestras, extracción de ADN y qPCR utilizando el fluorocromo SYBR Green. Como prueba de referencia se utilizó la observación de las muestras mediante el microscopio óptico invertido. Resultados y conclusiones: Se logró detectar 6.3 x 101 células L-1 de Pseudo-nitzschia, mostrándose una sensibilidad de la prueba de 100% y 89% de especificidad. La técnica molecular validada es altamente eficiente y por lo tanto aplicable para la detección de los fenómenos de floraciones de algas nocivas en el ecosistema marino de nuestro país, considerándola como una alternativa al método tradicional de microscopía y pudiendo ser utilizada como un sistema de alerta temprana.
Human cytochrome P450 3A4: enzymatic properties of a purified recombinant fusion protein containing NADPH-P450 reductase. (1993)

Human cytochrome P450 3A4 is recognized as the catalyst for the oxygen-dependent metabolism of a diverse group of medically important chemicals, including the immunosuppressive agent cyclosporin; macrolide antibiotics, such as erythromycin; drugs such as benzphetamine, nifedipine, and cocaine; and steroids; such as cortisol and testosterone to name but a few. We have engineered the cDNA for human cytochrome P450 3A4 by linkage to the cDNA for the rat or human flavoprotein, NADPH-P450 reductase (NADPH:ferrihemoprotein oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.2.4). An enzymatically active fusion protein (rF450[mHum3A4/mRatOR]L1) has been expressed at high levels in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. Enzymatic studies show a requirement for lipid, detergent, and cytochrome b5 for the 6 beta-hydroxylation of steroids and the N-oxidation of nifedipine. In contrast, these additions are not required for the N-demethylation of erythromycin or benzphetamine. A spectrophotometrically detectable metabolite complex of P450 3A4 is formed during the metabolism of triacetyloleandomycin, and this has a pronounced inhibitory effect on the metabolism of both testosterone and erythromycin. These results relate to the interpretation of current methods used to assess the in vivo activity of P450 3A4.
Grain size engineering for ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 films by an insertion of Al2O3 interlayer (2014)

The degradation of ferroelectric (FE) properties of atomic layer deposited Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 films with increasing thickness was mitigated by inserting 1 nm-thick Al2O3 interlayer at middle position of the thickness of the FE film. The large Pr of 10 μC/cm2, which is 11 times larger than that of single layer Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 film with equivalent thickness, was achieved from the films as thick as 40 nm. The Al2O3 interlayer could interrupt the continual growth of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 films, and the resulting decrease of grain size prevented the formation of non-ferroelectric monoclinic phase. The Al2O3 interlayer also largely decreased the leakage current of the Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 films.