gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards improved control of inflammatory bowel disease (2018)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by activation of both the innate and adaptive immune system in genetically susceptible individuals, resulting in chronic intestinal inflammation. The triggers that initiate and perpetuate this continuous inflammation are the subject of much speculation and research, although the central role of the intestinal microbiota is recognized, and is even a target for treatment in some circumstances. The mainstay of modern IBD treatment is suppression of the immune response towards as yet unspecified antigens, and conventional therapy includes corticosteroids, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), thiopurines and methotrexate. Reducing activity of specific mediators has proven efficacious, including adhesion molecules, such as the gut-homing integrin α<sub>4</sub> β<sub>7</sub> expressed on the surface of circulating immune cells, and cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α). This has been achieved using biologic agents including monoclonal antibodies. Recent discoveries in immunology and neuroscience have revealed that signals in the peripheral nervous system regulate inflammation, including levels of TNF-α. The understanding of the mechanisms of the neuro-immune communication involved in inflammation control in the gut is evolving, but is as yet incomplete. Clinical studies using implanted vagus nerve stimulators for treatment of IBD show encouraging results. Accordingly, the neural reflex control of inflammation is emerging as a potential therapeutic target in treatment of IBD. Here, we review current therapeutic options and neural reflex control of gut immunity in the context of intestinal inflammation.
Direct measurements of exciton diffusion length limitations on organic solar cell performance (2012)

Through a combination of X-ray scattering and energy-filtered electron microscopy, we have quantitatively examined the relationship between the mesostructure of the photoactive layer and device performance in PBTTT/PC(71)BM solar cells. We can predict device performance from X-ray structural data through a simple morphological model which includes the exciton diffusion length.
The Chimaera reconfigurable functional unit (2004)

By strictly separating reconfigurable logic from the host processor, current custom computing systems suffer from a significant communication bottleneck. In this paper, we describe Chimaera, a system that overcomes the communication bottleneck by integrating reconfigurable logic into the host processor itself. With direct access to the host processor's register file, the system enables the creation of multi-operand instructions and a speculative execution model key to high-performance, general-purpose reconfigurable computing. Chimaera also supports multi-output functions and utilizes partial run-time reconfiguration to reduce reconfiguration time. Combined, the system can provide speedups of a factor of two or more for general-purpose computing, and speedups of 160 or more are possible for hand-mapped applications.
Evaluation of Ten Sire Families of Crossbred Dairy Cattle of Kerala Based on Milk Production and Milk Composition Traits (2009)

Data on production performance of 200 animals maintained at University Livestock Farm, Kerala Agricultural University, Mannuthy and Cattle Breeding Farm, Thumburmuzhi were used for the study. Among the eight economically important traits [305 day milk yield, fat percentage, protein percentage, SNF(Solids not fat), total solids, peak yield, days to attain peak yield and AFC(Age at first calving)], milk fat percentage and AFC had significant difference among the families. The families of Deva, Bull No.250 and Hakkim showed significantly lower milk fat percentage compared to the other seven families. The AFC of the families of Dipesh, Onkar and Gopal was significantly higher from the other seven sire families.
Expression of ERCC1 antisense RNA abrogates gemicitabine-mediated cytotoxic synergism with cisplatin in human colon tumor cells defective in mismatch repair but proficient in nucleotide excision repair. (2000)

Gemcitabine, or 2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine (dFdC) is a new anticancer agent with significant activity against a broad spectrum of tumors either as a single agent or in combination with other active anticancer drugs. Studies in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated that dFdC produces cytotoxic synergism with cisplatin, or cis-diamminedi-choloroplatinum(II) (CDDP); however, the mechanism by which the synergism occurs has not been elucidated. We proposed that the nucleotide excision repair (NER) process, which is responsible for the cellular removal of CDDP-DNA adducts, may be a target for the mechanism of the cytotoxic synergism of dFdC and CDDP. Because the mismatch repair (MMR) pathway is involved in mediating CDDP cytotoxicity, making determination of the role of the NER in the cytotoxic synergism more complicated, and because tumors are often defective in MMR, we selected an NER-proficient, MMR-deficient, CP2.0 human colon carcinoma cell line as a model for this study. By an in vitro repair synthesis assay, we found that dFdC triphosphate (dFdCTP), the active metabolite of dFdC, inhibited the incorporation of [alpha-32P]dATP as well as the incorporation of [alpha-32P]dCTP, suggesting that the repair inhibition by dFdCTP does not result simply from competition for the incorporation site but rather is also due to prevention of chain elongation during the DNA resynthesis process. To determine whether the repair inhibition contributes to the cytotoxic synergism, we examined the effect of the constitutive expression of ERCC1 antisense RNA on the interaction of dFdC and CDDP. CP2.0 cells were transfected with pERCC1/AS, an ERCC1 antisense expression vector; eight hygromycine-resistant clones expressing various levels of the antisense RNA were selected for quantification of and correlation between the repair activity and cytotoxic synergism. The results show that stable expression of ERCC1 antisense RNA down-regulated the level of mRNA and repair activity; the down-regulation of the repair activity significantly correlated with the reduction of the cytotoxic synergism of the two agents. These data provide direct evidence to support the hypothesis that inhibition of the repair of CDDP-induced DNA lesions plays a critical role in dFdC-mediated cytotoxic synergism with CDDP in MMR-deficient tumor cells.
Reciprocal Collision Avoidance for Multiple Car-like Robots (2012)

In this paper a method for distributed reciprocal collision avoidance among multiple non-holonomic robots with bike kinematics is presented. The proposed algorithm, bicycle reciprocal collision avoidance (B-ORCA), builds on the concept of optimal reciprocal collision avoidance (ORCA) for holonomic robots but furthermore guarantees collision-free motions under the kinematic constraints of car-like vehicles. The underlying principle of the B-ORCA algorithm applies more generally to other kinematic models, as it combines velocity obstacles with generic tracking control. The theoretical results on collision avoidance are validated by several simulation experiments between multiple car-like robots.
Polyoxazoline auf fettchemischer Basis (1994)

Abstract A new, economic technique was developed for the production of 2‐alkyl‐2‐oxazolines with saturated, unsaturated or OH‐functionalized alkylrests. In the process the fatty acids are changed into polymerizable monomers. The cationic polymerization of fattyalkyl‐2‐oxazolines was investigated in unpolar solvents and in bulk. It reacts in a living mechanism. The polymerization is remarkable inert against impurities like water or ethanolamide. A reaction enthalpy of ΔH = 85,9 kJ/mol was found for the bulk polymerization of 2‐pentadecyl‐2‐oxazoline.
Role of Transforming Growth Factor-  in Tissue Injury and Repair (1997)

Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) belongs to a family of multifunctional polypeptides which regulate normal cell growth, development, and tissue remodeling following injury. The ability of cells to produce TGFβ or to respond to this growth factor via cell surface receptors is highly conserved throughout the animal kingdom. TGFβ is a potent growth inhibitor of many normal and transformed cell lines; abnormalities in TGFβ signaling have been linked to tumorigenicity. Disruption of the TGFβ1 gene in utero produces a wasting syndrome characterized by systemic inflammation, suggesting that this growth factor plays an important role in limiting the inflammatory response. TGFβ is a dominant mediator of the pathologic extracellular matrix accumulation that characterizes progression of tissue injury to end-stage organ failure. Recent studies directed towards characterization of the TGFβ genes, dissection of the mechanisms by which TGFβs are produced and activated, and identification of TGFβ signaling pathways have established the important roles that these family members play in cell and tissue homeostasis. In this overview, TGFβ structure-function relationships and their relevance to a few select models of tissue injury/wound repair are highlighted.
Dual Channel Optimization of Tracking Schemes for E1 CBOC Signal (2011)

New generation of satellite navigation signals, such as AltBOC (Alternative Binary Offset Keying), CBOC (Composite Binary Offset Keying) and TMBOC (Time Multiplex Binary Offset Keying) bring enhancements in the tracking process, such as more signal power, better multipath mitigation capabilities and more robust navigation. Moreover, one of the most important improvement they bring into the GNSS story is the presence of the two channels: data and pilot. The pilot channel, although dataless, carries the same information about the frequency, carrier and code phase as the data channel.Therefore, the information from both channels can be used to improve the tracking performance. In this context, the main point that is addressed in this paper is the optimization of the data/pilot combining tracking strategies in order to increase tracking stability, accuracy and robustness. Towards this end, non-coherent and coherent data/pilot combining strategies with different weights on each channel are presented, and the outputs from the DLL and PLL tracking loops using different discriminator types are analyzed and discussed. Moreover, an investigation for an optimal trade-off between the minimal tracking error and the best stability is reported with the corresponding results discussed.
A Fuzzy Trust Model for E-Commerce (2006)

It is argued that e-commerce has not reached its full potential and trust was often cited as the main reason why many customers are still skeptical about some online vendors. Many trust models have been developed, but most are subjective and did not take into account the vagueness and ambiguity of the domain and the specificity of customers. We have developed a model that attempts to identify the information customers expect to find on a vendors website to increase their trust and hence the likelihood of a transaction to take place. In this paper, we present a method based on fuzzy logic to evaluate trust in e-commerce. We argue that fuzzy logic is suitable for trust evaluation as it takes into account the uncertainties within e-commerce data and like human relationships, trust is often expressed by linguistics terms rather then numerical values. We validated the system using two case studies.
Experience with object-based distributed computation in the GUIDE operating system (2003)

A brief description is given of how the issues of access to (possibly remote) services and cooperative distributed computing are treated in GUIDE (Grenoble universities integrated distributed environment), a distributed operating system under development at Grenoble on a local network of workstations. An overview of the project is given, and the computational model of the system is described. Remote computation is discussed. The current implementation status and experience with the system are examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ketoconazole Protects against Infection with Trypanosoma Cruzi in a Murine Model (1983)

The oral administration of ketoconazole to mice protected them against death caused by infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. The addition of ketoconazole to cultures of macrophages infected with the organism markedly inhibited the intracellular multiplication of amastigotes. These observations suggest that ketoconazole may be a potent agent against T. cruzi and should be evaluated more extensively as a chemotherapeutic agent for Chagas' disease.
Biological regeneration of ammonium-saturated clinoptilolite. II. Mechanism of regeneration and influence of salt concentration (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiological regeneration of ammonium-saturated clinoptilolite. II. Mechanism of regeneration and influence of salt concentrationMichael J. Semmens, James T. Wang, and Alan C. BoothCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1977, 11, 3, 260–265Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60126a014https://doi.org/10.1021/es60126a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views133Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Predicate Formulae for Object-Oriented Database Schema Evolution (2010)

Object-oriented database system is a superior model than relational database system, with schema evolution capacity. Although since the emergence of object-oriented database systems many schema evolution methods have been proposed, a complete formal description haven't been formed. Therefore, it is necessary to use predicate logic to describe the operation of object-oriented database. This paper introduces predicate logic to illustrate schema evolution of object-oriented database with the predicate formulae. Atomic formulae and formulae are presented and the class evolution invariants and rules are also formalized.
Preparation of photo‐reactive azidophenyl chitosan derivative for immobilization of growth factors (2010)

Abstract Photoreactable chitosan derivative have been prepared by introducing azido phenyl groups to amino groups of low molecular weight chitosan to facilitate the immobilization of growth factors. The prepared azidophenyl chitosan was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR), scanning electron microscope (SEM). Cytotoxicity of prepared azidophenyl chitosan derivative was confirmed by MTT assay. Cell culture on the surfaces coated azidophenyl chitosan derivative was also carried out and cell adhesion was observed between azidophenyl chitosan derivative and cells. And the released rate of protein from azidophenyl chitosan derivative was measured using albumin instead of growth factors for check on effect of the prepared azidophenyl chitosan derivative. As a result of that, relations among the concentration of azidophenyl chitosan derivative, releasing period of albumin and the quantity of released albumin was confirmed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Android gaming malware detection using system call analysis (2018)

Android operating systems have become a prime target for attackers as most of the market is currently dominated by Android users. The situation gets worse when users unknowingly download or sideload cloning applications, especially gaming applications that look like benign games. In this paper, we present, a dynamic Android gaming malware detection system based on system call analysis to classify malicious and legitimate games. We performed the dynamic system call analysis on normal and malicious gaming applications while applications are in execution state. Our analysis reveals the similarities and differences between benign and malware game system calls and shows how dynamically analyzing the behavior of malicious activity through system calls during runtime makes it easier and is more effective to detect malicious applications. Experimental analysis and results shows the efficiency and effectiveness of our approach.
Therapeutic impact of eicosanoids in atherosclerotic disease. (1989)

Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) components of the diet, especially of the omega-3 variety, protect against atherosclerosis and its related thrombotic complications. Mechanisms involved probably involve the eicosanoids. Classic PGE1 has now found a role in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease. Prostacyclin (PGI2) discovered over ten years ago has also been introduced into clinical medicine; orally active analogs are being introduced with clinical potential in a variety of atherosclerotic and thrombotic disorders. "Endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF)" has been identified with nitric oxide, an active metabolite of the classic nitrodilator compounds, which (like NO itself) is synergistic with prostacyclins in inhibition of platelet activation, but without similar synergistic effects on vasodilation. This finding is of considerable importance both from physiological and therapeutic standpoints. The therapeutic efficacy of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) in the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction is now established. For primary prevention, it is probably inferior to diet (e.g. fish oil) and lifestyle changes due to increased incidence of cerebrovascular bleeding. The unfulfilled therapeutic promise of thromboxane synthesis inhibitors may be overcome by introduction of dual TX receptor/synthesis inhibitors. Recent advances suggest that PGE1, prostacyclin analogs and high dose fish oil could act beneficially against background nitrodilator therapy in preventing thrombosis and mitogen-stimulated restenosis following thrombolytic or surgical treatment of coronary artery occlusion.
Feedback-driven binary code diversification (2013)

As described in many blog posts and in the scientific literature, exploits for software vulnerabilities are often engineered on the basis of patches. For example, “Microsoft Patch Tuesday” is often followed by “Exploit Wednesday” during which yet unpatched systems become vulnerable to patch-based exploits. Part of the patch engineering includes the identification of the vulnerable binary code by means of reverse-engineering tools and diffing add-ons. In this article we present a feedback-driven compiler tool flow that iteratively transforms code until diffing tools become ineffective enough to close the “Exploit Wednesday” window of opportunity. We demonstrate the tool's effectiveness on a set of real-world patches and against the latest version of BinDiff.
Graphical interfaces for cooperative planning systems (2002)

Enroute flight planning (selecting alternate routes or destinations due to unanticipated weather, traffic, malfunctions, etc.) is being used as the context for studying the design of cooperative problem-solving systems. A testbed, Flight Planner, for studying computer aids for enroute flight path planning, is described. Its design is based on a cognitive task analysis of five airline flight crews in a simulator study. The testbed runs on a Macintosh II controlling three color monitors, and is being used to study the design of supports for both flight crews and dispatchers. Some of the design concepts being studied in this environment are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Micro-communities of practice. A case of cross-signing participants in India (2019)

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Trivalent‐Cation‐Substituted Calcium Oxyhydroxyapatite (1986)

Synthesis of stable oxy‐ and oxyhydroxyapatkes [(Ca,M)‐Ap] was attempted by substitution of Ca 2+ with M 3+ (M = Al, Y) assuming the composition Ca 10‐x M x (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2‐x O x . Yttrium‐calcium oxyhydroxyapatite was successfully obtained. Its structure was analyzed and confirmed by X‐ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Dielectric dispersion and absorption were not so distinct in (Ca,Y)‐Ap as in hydroxyapatite (Ca‐Ap). The ac electrical conductivity of (Ca 10‐x ,Y x )‐Ap was found to decrease with increasing x. These results are discussed in terms of a proposed charge transport mechanism.
In vitro activity of commercial valerian root extracts against human cytochrome P450 3A4. (2004)

There is wide variation between commercially available samples of valerian root. The findings from this study suggest that valerian root may have an initial inhibitory effect when taken with therapeutic products. Further work is warranted to determine whether valerian root can affect other CYP450 isozymes and how the results of this in vitro investigation can be extrapolated to in vivo situations.
Implication of the polyamine system in mental disorders (2008)

The polyamine pathway has an essential role in many cellular functions and has been implicated in several pathological conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests that the polyamine system also plays a role in the etiology and pathology of mental disorders. Alterations in the expression and activity of polyamine metabolic enzymes, as well as changes in the levels of the individual polyamines, have been observed in multiple conditions, including schizophrenia, mood disorders, anxiety and suicidal behaviour. Additionally, these components have been found to be altered by various psychiatric treatments. Further, the polyamines and their precursors have demonstrated both antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. Overall, findings to date suggest that the polyamine pathway represents an important frontier for the development of neuropharmacological treatments.
Investigation of Production Quality and Reliability Risk of ELK Wafer WLCSP Package (2017)

WLCSP has been widely adopted for package solution of the portable and wearable electronics products by its advantages of very low package cost and good electrical performance. Knowing WLCSP provide almost no protection to silicon IC chip, its quality and reliability performance becomes critical for successful product application. A 28nm TV with extreme Low-k inter-metal-dielectic material (ELK IMD) and 4×4mm2 chip size was used for WLCSP production quality investigation by studying the impact of laser grooving, used in WLCSP process, on silicon crack resistance. Four different laser grooving splits DOE were performed including different power, speed and frequency. A hammer test by 2-meter height single-reel drop and 3-point bending test were conducted to assess the silicon crack resistance performance of each split. The test results showed the split with low laser power and low unit length area power density achieved higher die strength by higher 3point bending force and higher silicon crack resistance by more single-reel-drop counts without silicon chipping defect. Moreover, tape-and-reel (TnR) pocket design impact on WLCSP silicon crack defect also was evaluated. With small chip-pocket tolerance design, <;= 0.25mm, the single-reel drop test result was improved without chip edge silicon crack.