gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accurate detection of secondary current in shaft hole of induction motors for reliable controls (1999)

Accurate controls for the speed and the torque of induction motors (IM) are realized using the detected secondary current (I/sub 2/) signal with the inverter having a constant ratio of the primary voltage over the driving frequency (V/sub 1//f). A new method for detecting I/sub 2/ is presented setting a MI sensor head inside a drilled hole through a shaft of an actuator type IM, in which an almost pure I/sub 2/ signal having the slip frequency is stably detected, An accurate and reliable control system for the IM is constructed using the I/sub 2/ feedback loop with the inverter.
Gene expression profiling–based dissection of MLL translocated and MLL germline acute lymphoblastic leukemia in infants (2009)

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in infants (< 1 year) is characterized by a poor prognosis and a high incidence of MLL translocations. Several studies demonstrated the unique gene expression profile associated with MLL-rearranged ALL, but generally small cohorts were analyzed as uniform patient groups regardless of the type of MLL translocation, whereas the analysis of translocation-negative infant ALL remained unacknowledged. Here we generated and analyzed primary infant ALL expression profiles (n = 73) typified by translocations t(4;11), t(11;19), and t(9;11), or the absence of MLL translocations. Our data show that MLL germline infant ALL specifies a gene expression pattern that is different from both MLL-rearranged infant ALL and pediatric precursor B-ALL. Moreover, we demonstrate that, apart from a fundamental signature shared by all MLL-rearranged infant ALL samples, each type of MLL translocation is associated with a translocation-specific gene expression signature. Finally, we show the existence of 2 distinct subgroups among t(4;11)-positive infant ALL cases characterized by the absence or presence of HOXA expression, and that patients lacking HOXA expression are at extreme high risk of disease relapse. These gene expression profiles should provide important novel insights in the complex biology of MLL-rearranged infant ALL and boost our progress in finding novel therapeutic solutions.
Improving XML search by generating and utilizing informative result snippets (2010)

Snippets are used by almost every text search engine to complement the ranking scheme in order to effectively handle user searches, which are inherently ambiguous and whose relevance semantics are difficult to assess. Despite the fact that XML is a standard representation format of Web data, research on generating result snippets for XML search remains limited. To tackle this important yet open problem, in this article, we present a system eXtract which generates snippets for XML search results. We identify that a good XML result snippet should be a meaningful information unit of a small size that effectively summarizes this query result and differentiates it from others, according to which users can quickly assess the relevance of the query result. We have designed and implemented a novel algorithm to satisfy these requirements. Furthermore, we propose to cluster the query results based on their snippets. Since XML result clustering can only be done at query time, snippet-based clustering significantly improves the efficiency while compromising little clustering accuracy. We verified the efficiency and effectiveness of our approach through experiments.
How to cheat in motion simulation: comparing the engineering and fun ride approach to motion cueing (2001)

The goal of this working paper is to discuss different motion cueing approaches. They stem either from the engineering field of building flight and driving simulators, or from the modern Virtual Reality fun rides presented in amusement parks all over the world. The principles of motion simulation are summarized together with the technical implementations of vestibular stimulation with limited degrees of freedom. A psychophysical experiment in Virtual Reality is proposed to compare different motion simulation approaches and quantify the results using high-level psychophysical methods as well as traditional evaluation methods. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: This research was funded by the Max-Planck Society and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 550 Erkennen, Lokalisieren, Handeln: neurokognitive Mechanismen und ihre Flexibilität).
Soluble Polymer Supported Synthesis of α-Amino Acid Derivatives (2000)

A Schiff base activated glycine supported on a soluble polymer (poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)) was readily alkylated with a wide variety of electrophiles in the presence of a carbonate base in acetonitrile. The presence of the polymer provided a phase-transfer catalysis environment which accelerated the reaction. Effects of various carbonate bases and leaving groups have been also studied. Completion of the PEG-supported reaction was obtained without using a large excess of reagents or an extra phase-transfer catalyst, even in the case of unreactive or hindered electrophiles. After cleavage from the polymer, alpha-amino esters are obtained in good yields.
Swing-twist decomposition in Clifford algebra (2015)

The swing-twist decomposition is a standard routine in motion planning for humanoid limbs. In this paper the decomposition formulas are derived and discussed in terms of Clifford algebra. With the decomposition one can express an arbitrary spinor as a product of a twist-free spinor and a swing-free spinor (or vice-versa) in 3-dimensional Euclidean space. It is shown that in the derived decomposition formula the twist factor is a generalized projection of a spinor onto a vector in Clifford algebra. As a practical application of the introduced theory an optimized decomposition algorithm is proposed. It favourably compares to existing swing-twist decomposition implementations.
Relatively high-yield syntheses of rotaxanes. Syntheses and properties of compounds consisting of cyclodextrins threaded by .alpha.,.omega.-diaminoalkanes coordinated to cobalt(III) complexes (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRelatively high-yield syntheses of rotaxanes. Syntheses and properties of compounds consisting of cyclodextrins threaded by .alpha.,.omega.-diaminoalkanes coordinated to cobalt(III) complexesHiroshi OginoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 5, 1303–1304Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00395a091https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00395a091research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1323Altmetric-Citations257LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biological activity and metabolism of the retinoid axerophthene (vitamin A hydrocarbon). (1978)

Biological properties of axerophthene, the hydrocarbon analog of retinol, have been studied both in vitro and in vivo. In tracheal organ culture axerophthene reversed keratinization caused by deficiency of retinoid in the culture medium; its potency was of the same order of magnitude as that of retinyl acetate. Axerophthene supported growth in hamsters fed vitamin A-deficient diets although less effectively than did retinyl acetate. Axerophthene was considerably less toxic than was retinyl acetate when administered repeatedly in high doses to rats. Administration of an equivalent p.o. dose of axerophthene caused much less deposition of retinyl palmitate in the liver than did the same dose of retinyl acetate, while a greater level of total retinoid was found in the mammary gland after administration of axerophthene.
Characterization of Novel Gel Casting System to Make Complex Shaped Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) Parts (2016)

This work describes the characterization of a novel gel-casting system using a water-soluble co-polymer of isobutylene and maleic anhydride trade name ISOBAM. This system enables ceramic slurries to gel at very low binder concentrations 0.30.5 wt , producing a dense, near-net-shaped green body with high solids loading, low organic content, low shrinkage, and moderate strength. The effect of both binder content and solids loading on gel time and mechanical strength of green bodies is investigated along with typical shrinkage and densification rates of both green and sintered parts. Additionally, the effect of primary particle size and surface area on slurry and gelling behavior is explored to determine if a relationship exists that can help predict appropriate slurry formula parameters.
The Boot Process in Real-time Manycore Processors (2014)

Bootstrapping of embedded computers is often neglected in real-time research. Nevertheless certain real-time applications even require predictable startup times, e.g. in the case of system restarts during operation due to some fault conditions. The complexity of bootstrapping will increase in upcoming manycore processors that utilise distributed memories and networks-on-chip (NoCs), as all cores must be provided with their code and data. We propose a new approach for bootstrapping a real-time manycore processor and compare it with two state-of-the-art approaches. Moreover, we present the mwsim tool that finds an upper timing bound through an abstract simulation of the boot process and apply it for the analysis of the worst-case duration of the three approaches. The results show an advantage of up to 23% of our newly proposed approach. They show also that the performance of a real-time NoC poses a central bottleneck to the overall performance of the boot process. We discuss these results and point out possible solutions to circumvent the bottleneck.
High efficiency embedded decoupling capacitors for MCM applications (2008)

In this paper, RF characterization results of decoupling capacitors embedded in high resistivity silicon (HRS) substrate are reported. First, an innovative 3-D architecture suitable for silicon processes is decribed. Then, RF characterization results are analyzed based on capacitance values as well as ESR (estimated serial resistance) and ESL (estimated serial inductance) extraction. Results clearly show that devices reach a very low level of impedance together with low parasitic inductance in millimeter wave domain. A predictive electrical model composed of a cascade of T elements is derived from measurements and optimised to figure-out the distributed nature of the capacitance. Correlations between measurements and simulation data are found satisfactory.
Targeted Mutation of TNF Receptor I Rescues the RelA-Deficient Mouse and Reveals a Critical Role for NF-κB in Leukocyte Recruitment (2001)

NF-kappaB binding sites are present in the promoter regions of many acute phase and inflammatory response genes, suggesting that NF-kappaB plays an important role in the initiation of innate immune responses. However, targeted mutations of the various NF-kappaB family members have yet to identify members responsible for this critical role. RelA-deficient mice die on embryonic day 15 from TNF-alpha-induced liver degeneration. To investigate the importance of RelA in innate immunity, we genetically suppressed this embryonic lethality by breeding the RelA deficiency onto a TNFR type 1 (TNFR1)-deficient background. TNFR1/RelA-deficient mice were born healthy, but were susceptible to bacterial infections and bacteremia and died within a few weeks after birth. Hemopoiesis was intact in TNFR1/RelA-deficient newborns, but neutrophil emigration to alveoli during LPS-induced pneumonia was severely reduced relative to that in wild-type or TNFR1-deficient mice. In contrast, radiation chimeras reconstituted with RelA or TNFR1/RelA-deficient hemopoietic cells were healthy and demonstrated no defect in neutrophil emigration during LPS-induced pneumonia. Analysis of RNA harvested from the lungs of mice 4 h after LPS insufflation revealed that the induction of several genes important for neutrophil recruitment to the lung was significantly reduced in TNFR1/RelA-deficient mice relative to that in wild-type or TNFR1-deficient mice. These results suggest that TNFR1-independent activation of RelA is essential in cells of nonhemopoietic origin during the initiation of an innate immune response.
Production of Monoclonal Antibodies to Viruses in the Potyvirus Group: Use in Radioimmunoassay (1984)

Hybridomas were developed that secreted antibodies to soybean mosaic (SMV), lettuce mosaic (LMV) viruses, and to maize dwarf mosaic (MDMV) virus, strains Ap and B. All hybridomas produced antibodies specific to the homologous virus except for one to LMV, which produced antibodies that reacted at a low level with SMV and MDMV. Monoclonal antibodies against SMV were used in a double-antibody sandwich radioimmunoassay. The assay using only one type of monoclonal antibody lacked sensitivity because, presumably, limited epitopes were available. Results obtained using two monoclonal antibodies that bound to different epitopes were comparable to those using polyclonal antibodies. A competitive radioimmunoassay, using a single monoclonal antibody, was developed to detect successfully SMV, LMV and MDMV.
Curiosity’s Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) Investigation (2012)

The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) investigation will use a 2-megapixel color camera with a focusable macro lens aboard the rover, Curiosity, to investigate the stratigraphy and grain-scale texture, structure, mineralogy, and morphology of geologic materials in northwestern Gale crater. Of particular interest is the stratigraphic record of a ∼5 km thick layered rock sequence exposed on the slopes of Aeolis Mons (also known as Mount Sharp). The instrument consists of three parts, a camera head mounted on the turret at the end of a robotic arm, an electronics and data storage assembly located inside the rover body, and a calibration target mounted on the robotic arm shoulder azimuth actuator housing. MAHLI can acquire in-focus images at working distances from ∼2.1 cm to infinity. At the minimum working distance, image pixel scale is ∼14 μm per pixel and very coarse silt grains can be resolved. At the working distance of the Mars Exploration Rover Microscopic Imager cameras aboard Spirit and Opportunity, MAHLI's resolution is comparable at ∼30 μm per pixel. Onboard capabilities include autofocus, auto-exposure, sub-framing, video imaging, Bayer pattern color interpolation, lossy and lossless compression, focus merging of up to 8 focus stack images, white light and longwave ultraviolet (365 nm) illumination of nearby subjects, and 8 gigabytes of non-volatile memory data storage.
DNA Binding and Chemistry of Dinuclear Platinum Complexes (1995)

Abstract This Comment summarises the chemistry and DNA binding of dinuclear platinum-amine, or bis(platinum), complexes, a new class of potent antitumor agents. In these structures, the Pt coordination spheres are bridged by variable-length diamine chains. The DNA binding of these species produces an array of structurally distinct adducts not available to mononuclear analogs such as cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2]. The possibility of tri- and tetra-substitution inherent in the dinuclear structure poses interesting challenges for design of complexes capable of specific DNA binding. Besides the utility of the dinuclear structure in design of novel antitumor agents, the unique DNA binding modes of these species allow their use as probes of DNA structure and conformation.
INTEGRATION OF BLACK-BOX AND WHITE-BOX MODELING APPROACHES FOR SOFTWARE RELIABILITY ESTIMATION (2010)

Quality of a software product should be tracked during the software lifecycle right from the architectural phase to its operational phase. Heterogeneous systems consist of several globally distributed components, thus rendering their reliability evaluation more complex with respect to the conventional methods. The objective of our work is to expand the evaluation process for effective reliability analysis by using both white box and black box approaches at prototype and at module/component level before the actual development. In this paper the, Black box testing is based on non-functional requirements for early quantitative analysis for the reliability estimation of the application development based on the output results of the prototype development. White box testing is based on inter-component interactions which deal with probabilistic software behavior. It uses an internal perspective of the system to design test cases based on internal structure at requirements and design phases. This paper has been applied for evolution of effective reliability quantification analysis at prototype level of a financial application case study with both non functional test data of software Development Life cycle (SDLC) phases captured from defect consolidation table in the form orthogonal defect classification as well functional requirements at requirement and design phases captured through software architectural modeling paradigms.
Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP) Combined with Transurethral Tissue Morcellation: An Update on the Early Clinical Experience (1998)

The preliminary experience with 64 patients who have undergone HoLEP combined with intravesical morcellation is presented. The mean preoperative prostate volume was 75.3 cc. The mean laser time was 46.9 minutes and the morcellator time a further 10.5 minutes. A mean total of 35.5 g of tissue was obtained, and 93% of the patients were discharged the day after their surgery without a catheter. The American Urological Association Symptom Score at 1 month was 8.6 and the peak flow rate 23.4 mL/sec. This combination of procedures allows prostate glands of virtually any size to be safely treated transurethrally, and a complete anatomic enucleation of the prostatic adenoma is achieved.
Media Fragments URI 1.0 (2011)

This document describes the Media Fragments 1.0 (basic) specification.It specifies the syntax for constructing media fragment URIs and explains how to handle them when used over the HTTP protocol.The syntax is based on the specification of particular namevalue pairs that can be used in URI fragment and URI query requests to restrict a media resource to a certain fragment.The Media Fragment WG has no authority to update registries of all targeted media types.We recommend media type owners to harmonize their existing schemes with the ones proposed in this document and update or add the fragment semantics specification to their media type registration.
Interconversion among 16-membered macrolide antibiotics belonging to leucomycin-maridomycin group. (1979)

To clarify the biosynthetic pathway of maridomycin, the biosynthetic relation among 16-membered macrolide antibiotics belonging to leucomycin-maridomycin group was examined with intact cells or growing cultures of Streptomyces hygroscopicus No. B-5050-HA and its mutants. Carbomycin A, B and leucomycin As were converted to maridomycin II in the pH range of 5.5_??_7.5 with an optimum between 6.0_??_6.5. But, maridomycin II was not converted to leucomycin A3 or carbomycin B. These findings were confirmed by culture experiment. Leucomycin A3, carbomycin A and B added to the culture at 48hr were almost completely converted to maridomycin II. On the basis of these facts, we propose a biosynthetic relation among leucomycin A3, carbomycin A, carbomycin B and maridomycin II.
Optical transmission through single subwavelength apertures using prism coupled input of laser light of annular intensity profile (2007)

Light transmission through a single subwavelength aperture in a silver film is examined with a novel input configuration comprising an annular laser beam of variable diameter that is prism-coupled to the back face of the silver. Transmission peaks driven by excitation of the back-face surface plasmon mode or by the aperture resonance itself are separately observed. For both cases, comparison of films with and without a front-face, circular, grating implies significantly more efficient coupling from the aperture fields to the front-face surface plasmon than directly to free radiation.
Informed Audio Source Separation Using Linearly Constrained Spatial Filters (2012)

In this work we readdress the issue of audio source separation in an informed scenario, where certain information about the sound sources is embedded into their mixture as an imperceptible watermark. In doing so, we provide a description of an improved algorithm that follows the linearly constrained minimum-variance filtering approach in the subband domain, in order to obtain perceptually better estimates of the source signals in comparison to other published approaches. Just as its predecessor, the algorithm does not impose any restrictions on the number of simultaneously active sources, neither on their spectral overlap. It rather adapts to a given signal constellation and provides the best possible estimates under given constraints in linearithmic time. The validity of the approach is demonstrated on a stereo mixture with two levels of sound complexity. It is also shown by means of both objective and subjective evaluation that the proposed algorithm outperforms a reference algorithm by at least one grade. Bearing high perceptual resemblance to the original signals at a fairly tolerable data rate of 10-20 kbps per source, the algorithm hence seems well-suited for active listening applications such as re-mixing or re-spatialization in real time.
Reactive oxygen species: an Achilles’ heel of melanoma? (2008)

The successful treatment of melanoma has been hampered by the unique biology of this cancer. Fortunately, research to further our understanding of how melanoma cells differ from normal tissues has led to the discovery of potential new avenues of attack. One promising strategy relates to targeting the excess free radicals produced by melanomas. Melanocyte transformation into cancer is associated with significant structural alterations in the melanosome. In addition to pigment production, melanosomes also protect the cell by scavenging free radicals generated by sunlight and cellular metabolism. In melanoma, the disrupted and disorganized melanosome structure reverses this process. Melanosomes found in melanoma produce free radicals, such as hydrogen peroxide, furthering DNA damage. Melanosome generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in tandem with those generated by cancer metabolism, activate cellular signal transduction pathways that prevent cell death. ROS activation of proto-oncogene pathways in melanoma contributes to their resistance to chemotherapy. Fortunately, it may be possible to target these free radicals, just as Paris was able to successfully target Achilles' heel. The use of agents that block ROS scavenging, such as ATN-224 and disulfiram, have been explored clinically. A recent randomized Phase II trial with elesclomol, an agent that generates ROS, in combination with paclitaxel led to improved patient survival, suggesting that this may be a viable approach to advance the treatment of melanoma.