gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photodynamic therapy of ocular melanoma with bis silicon 2,3-naphthalocyanine in a rabbit model. (1995)

Tumor light penetration was good at 770 nm, and thermal effects from the exciting light alone were minimal. Photodynamic therapy with SINc resulted in localized tumor destruction reflecting the light beam path without damage to adjacent tissue or intraocular complications.
NEW SPECIES AND NEW RECORDS OF OIDIODENDRON (1962)

Four new species of Oidiodendron, viz. O. truncatum, O. maius, O. citrinum, and O. echinulatum, are described from soil. One new combination, O. cerealis (Thum.) Barron, is proposed and an emended description of O. flavum Szilvinyi presented. O. fuscum Robak is considered to be conspecific with the prior O. tenuissimum (Peck) Hughes.
Longitudinal profile of antibodies against SARS‐coronavirus in SARS patients and their clinical significance (2006)

The persistence of detectable IgG antibodies and neutralizing viral antibodies for up to 720 days suggest that SARS patients may be protected from recurrent SARS-CoV infection for up to 2 years.
Anti-Idiotypic Antibodies: Implications of Internal Image-Based Vaccines for Infectious Diseases (1985)

Journal Article Anti-Idiotypic Antibodies: Implications of Internal Image-Based Vaccines for Infectious Diseases Get access Gordon R. Dreesman, Gordon R. Dreesman From the Virology and Immunology Department, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ronald C. Kennedy Ronald C. Kennedy From the Virology and Immunology Department, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 151, Issue 5, May 1985, Pages 761–765, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/151.5.761 Published: 01 May 1985
Tandem Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Alcohols to Esters Catalyzed by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (2006)

N-heterocyclic carbenes catalyze the oxidation of allylic, propargylic, and benzylic alcohols to esters with manganese(IV) oxide in excellent yields. A variety of ester derivatives can be synthesized, including protected carboxylates. This one-pot tandem oxidation represents the first organocatalytic oxidation of alcohols to esters. Saturated esters can also be accessed from aldehydes using this method. Through the utilization of a chiral catalyst, the acyl-heteroazolium intermediate becomes a chiral acylating agent, which can desymmetrize meso-1,2-diols. [reaction: see text].
Design and Control of an All-Direction Steering Type Mobile Robot (1993)

This article describes a new type of mobile robot that has a spherical wheel, an arched body, and motion-controlling mech anisms installed inside the wheel. The robot can travel in every direction and perform unique actions by virtue of the wheel and the motion-controlling mechanisms. We call the latter the Inside Wheel Balancing System (IWBS). Postural stability con trol, omnidirectional steering, and locomotion of the robot were achieved by means of the compound gravity center feedback control. Postural stability and traveling control on a slope and on a flat plane were also attained experimentally. The experimental results coincide well with those obtained by the simulation performed on a personal computer. The omnidirec tion traveling robot proposed here provides great possibility to the mobile robots in the manufacturing and nonmanufacturing environments.
ACS Honors Its Volunteers (2015)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTACS Honors Its VolunteersView Author Information C&EN WashingtonCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2015, 93, 42, 29–31Publication Date (Print):October 26, 2015Publication History Published online30 March 2016Published inissue 26 October 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-09342-acsnews1https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09342-acsnews1newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 Chemical & Engineering NewsArticle Views3Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Energy Get e-Alerts
Redesign, synthesis and functional expression of the 6-deoxyerythronolide B polyketide synthase gene cluster (2005)

A generic design of Type I polyketide synthase genes has been reported in which modules, and domains within modules, are flanked by sets of unique restriction sites that are repeated in every module [1]. Using the universal design, we synthesized the six-module DEBS gene cluster optimized for codon usage in E. coli, and cloned the three open reading frames into three compatible expression vectors. With one correctable exception, the amino acid substitutions required for restriction site placements were compatible with polyketide production. When expressed in E. coli the codon-optimized synthetic gene cluster produced significantly more protein than did the wild-type sequence. Indeed, for optimal polyketide production, PKS expression had to be down-regulated by promoter attenuation to achieve balance with expression of the accessory proteins needed to support polyketide biosynthesis.
The morphology in nafion perfluorinated membrane products, as determined by wide‐ and small‐angle x‐ray studies (1981)

Abstract The morphology of the ionomer resin from which Nafion perfluorinated membrane products are made was studied with wide‐angle and small‐angle x‐ray diffraction. A reflection observed in the small‐angle x‐ray scan from hydrolyzed polymer is attributed to ionic clustering. The effects of equiv wt, cation form, temperature, water content, and tensile drawing on this reflection were studied and are discussed.
Dark Matter Experiments At Boulby Mine (2003)

The status of galactic dark matter searches currently underway at Boulby mine in the UK is reviewed. These experiments are searching for the elusive Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) and utilise both scintillator and low pressure gas detectors. NaIAD and ZEPLIN are scintillator based experiments. The DRIFT experiment uses a low pressure gas TPC to detect recoils due to WIMP events. Recent results from both NaIAD and ZEPLIN are presented and our future programme is discussed.
Dynamic analysis and implementation of a digital signal processor of a fractional-order Lorenz-Stenflo system based on the Adomian decomposition method (2014)

By adopting the Adomian decomposition method, the fractional-order Lorenz–Stenflo (LS) system is solved and implemented in a digital signal processor (DSP). The discrete iterative formula of the system is deduced, and a Lyapunov exponent spectrum algorithm is designed. The dynamics of the fractional-order LS system with sets of parameters are analyzed by means of Lyapunov exponent spectra, bifurcation diagrams and 0-1 test. The results illustrate that the fractional-order LS system has rich dynamic behaviors, and both the system parameter and the fractional order can be taken as bifurcation parameters. We implement the fractional-order LS system on a DSP platform. Phase portraits of the fractional-order LS system generated in the DSP agree well with those obtained by computer simulations. This lays a good foundation for the application of the fractional-order LS system.
Diamond growth by chemical vapour deposition (2010)

This paper reviews the growth of diamond by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). It includes the following seven parts: (1) Properties of diamond: this part briefly introduces the unique properties of diamond and their origin and lists some of the most common diamond applications. (2) Growth of diamond by CVD: this part reviews the history and the methods of growing CVD diamond. (3) Mechanisms of CVD diamond growth: this part discusses the current understanding on the growth of metastable diamond from the vapour phase. (4) Characterization of CVD diamond: we discuss the two most common techniques, Raman and XRD, which have been intensively employed for characterizing CVD diamond. (5) CVD diamond growth characteristics: this part demonstrates the characteristics of diamond nucleation and growth on various types of substrate materials. (6) Nanocrystalline diamond: in this section, we present an introduction to the growth mechanisms of nanocrystalline diamond and discuss their Raman features. This paper provides necessary information for those who are starting to work in the field of CVD diamond, as well as for those who need a relatively complete picture of the growth of CVD diamond.
A New Frequency Domain Speech Scrambling System Which Does Not Require Frame Synchronization (1984)

Communication security is becoming more and more important today. There is thus an increasing interest in analog scramblers due to the desire for secure speech communications over existing telephone channels with standard telephone bandwidth at acceptable speech quality and reasonable cost. The concept of scrambling the sample values of the speech waveforms becomes attractive due to its higher degree of security compared to the traditional scramblers. But all these sample value scramblers require frame synchronization, i.e., the signal segments used in scrambling and descrambling processes have to be exactly the same for signal recovery. This complicates the implementation and makes the transmission very sensitive to channel conditions. In this paper, a new frequency domain scrambling algorithm is presented, which is an extension of the DFT scrambler previously proposed. The use of short-time Fourier analyis and the filter bank concept leads to the special feature that frame synchronization is completely unnecessary. This simplifies the implementation and improves the reliability and feasibility. The theoretical developments, simulation results, hardware implementation, and test results are all discussed in detail.
Using constraint techniques for a safe and fast implementation of optimality-based reduction (2007)

Optimality-based reduction attempts to take advantage of the known bounds of the objective function to reduce the domain of the variables, and thus to speed up the search of a global optimum. However, the basic algorithm is unsafe, and thus, the overall process may no longer be complete and may not reach the actual global optimum. Recently, Kearfott has proposed a safe implementation of optimality-based reduction. Unfortunately, his method suffers from some limitations and is rather slow. In this paper, we show how constraint programming filtering techniques can be used to implement optimality-based reduction in a safe and efficient way.
An integral field emission “microSEM” for UHV surface analysis (1978)

It has been recognized for some time that the application of high sensitivity surface analytical techniques at high spacial resolution is highly desirable. For surface characterization, concentration distribution and topography are superior to average concentration, and sensitivity is increased by localizing the analysis to regions of higher concentration. In the field of Auger electron spectroscopy, this trend is reflected by the increasing popularity of scanning AES (SAM) instrumentation. Due to the low yield of characteristic secondary particles (e.g. Auger electrons or X-rays), the central technological challenge is the delivery of relatively large beam currents into sufficiently small probes (often <30nm). However, electron optical design must also provide for optimum detector collection efficiency, for in many cases beam induced alterations and specimen damage rather than electron optics may limit the useable beam current in small probes. Two basic instrumental configurations are in use; the off-axis approach that treats beam generation and signal detection systems as isolated entities, and the coaxial approach in which the electron gun is an integral part of the detector (e.g. cylindrical mirror analyzer).
Cantilever-Loaded Insulators for Isolated-Phase Bus [includes discussion] (1954)

Previous tests and experience have shown that the reliability of isolatedphase busses was not reduced in changing the insulator loading from compression only to compression-tension. Mathematical studies and laboratory tests of the shielding effect of the enclosure1 show that the reduction in force on the insulators is of considerable magnitude. This makes the use of the cantilever loaded insulators a very practical solution to the problem of reducing the number of insulators in the bus. Tests have shown that the isolated phase bus with cantileverloaded insulators will withstand the maximum momentary currents now available with ample factors of safety. An isolated-phase bus was tested up to 350,000 amperes, rms, with insulators spaced 8 feet apart. Even at this high value of current the load on the insulators was 26 per cent under the actual breaking load of the insulator assembly as determined by test. The load on the insulator was less than 15 per cent of the load which would have appeared if the enclosures were not present. At 200,000 amperes, the insulator was loaded to only 77 per cent of the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) rating. This is powerful proof of the shielding effect of the isolated-phase enclosures, and that the cantilever insulator is more than adequate to meet present and future momentary requirements.
Paradoxical predictions and a minimum failure time in electromigration (1995)

A paradox arises when the two-parameter log-normal distribution is used to predict early electromigration lifetimes of a two-level structure with Ti–AlCu–Ti stripes and interlevel W stud-vias. The paradox is a direct consequence of the observed increase in the log-normal sigma (σ) as the current density decreases and/or as the maximum allowed resistance change increases. The increase in σ implies that the first failures from equal and large sample sizes are expected to occur at low current densities rather than at high current densities. Similarly, for example, samples at relatively low cumulative failure are expected to fail at high levels of resistance change before failing at low levels of resistance change. This apparent paradox is resolved by testing a large set of samples and fitting the failure data to the three-parameter log-normal distribution. The third parameter, an incubation time or a minimum time required before failure can occur, is shown to increase as the maximum allowed resistance change increases.
Sensitizing estrogen receptor–negative breast cancer cells to tamoxifen with OSU-03012, a novel celecoxib-derived phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1/Akt signaling inhibitor (2008)

Tamoxifen is a mainstay in the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer patients. Although the efficacy of tamoxifen has been attributed to induction of tumor cell growth arrest and apoptosis by inhibition of ER signaling, recent evidence indicates that tamoxifen possesses ER-independent antitumor activities. Here, we use OSU-03012, a small-molecule inhibitor of phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK-1) to address the hypothesis that PDK-1/Akt signaling represents a therapeutically relevant target to sensitize ER-negative breast cancer to tamoxifen. OSU-03012 sensitized both ER-positive MCF-7 and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 cells to the antiproliferative effects of tamoxifen in an ER-independent manner. Flow cytometric analysis of phosphatidylserine externalization revealed that this augmented suppression of cell viability was attributable to a marked enhancement of tamoxifen-induced apoptosis by OSU-03012. Mechanistically, this OSU-03012-mediated sensitization was associated with suppression of a transient tamoxifen-induced elevation of Akt phosphorylation and enhanced modulation of the functional status of multiple Akt downstream effectors, including FOXO3a, GSK3alpha/beta, and p27. The growth of established MDA-MB-231 tumor xenografts was suppressed by 50% after oral treatment with the combination of tamoxifen (60 mg/kg) and OSU-03012 (100 mg/kg), whereas OSU-03012 and tamoxifen alone suppressed growth by 30% and 0%, respectively. These findings indicate that the inhibition of PDK-1/Akt signaling to sensitize ER-negative breast cancer cells to the ER-independent antitumor activities of tamoxifen represents a feasible approach to extending the use of tamoxifen to a broader population of breast cancer patients. Considering the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies for ER-negative breast cancer patients, this combinatorial approach is worthy of continued investigation.
A STUDY ON SLIP STRENGTH OF FRICTION TYPE HIGH STRENGTH BOLTED CONNECTIONS WITH PLASTICITY OF BASE PLATE (2003)

This paper examines the slip behavior of the friction type high strength bolted connections with base plate material plasticity by cyclic loading and monotonic loading. The loading experiment which made the number of bolts and base plate thickness is conducted. As a result, after the base plate plasticity has made reference about the number of bolts for a main slip not occurring to a base plate fracture. And the simply model for the decrease of bolt axial force and base plate existence stress are made by the experimental results. The slip strength of joint is presumed using this model.
Novel Deposition of Columnar Y <sub>3</sub> Al <sub>5</sub> O <sub>12</sub> Coatings by Electrostatic Spray‐Assisted Vapor Deposition (2005)

A novel and cost‐effective electrostatic spray‐assisted vapor deposition (ESAVD) was used to deposit Y 3 Al 5 O 12 (YAG) coatings. Polycrystalline single‐phase Y 3 Al 5 O 12 coatings were synthesized using the ESAVD method in an open atmosphere at 650°C, and then annealed at 700°–900°C for 1 h. The ESAVD process involves the decomposition and chemical reactions of charged aerosol in vapor phase. The low‐temperature coating deposition characteristics of the ESAVD process using a suitable sol precursor decreases the reaction and crystallization temperatures for forming Y 3 Al 5 O 12 coatings. The microstructure of the Y 3 Al 5 O 12 coating prepared using the ESAVD method is columnar and such strain‐resistance microstructure could be useful for thermal barrier coating applications.
Highly Sensitive and Fast Response Colorimetric Humidity Sensors Based on Graphene Oxides Film (2015)

Uniform graphene oxide (GO) film for optical humidity sensing was fabricated by dip-coating technique. The resulting GO thin film shows linear optical shifts in the visible range with increase of humidity in the whole relative humidity range (from dry state to 98%). Moreover, GO films exhibit ultrafast sensing to moisture within 250 ms because of the unique atomic thinness and superpermeability of GO sheets. The humidity sensing mechanism was investigated using XRD and computer simulation. The ultrasensitive humidity colorimetric properties of GOs film may enable many potential applications such as disposable humidity sensors for packaging, health, and environmental monitoring.
678. The kinetics of the reduction by titanous chloride of nitrobenzene and its substitution products (1953)

S. A. Newton, F. J. Stubbs and C. Hinshelwood, J. Chem. Soc., 1953, 3384 DOI: 10.1039/JR9530003384
A Sentence-To-Sentence Relation Network For Recognizing Textual Entailment (2016)

Over the past decade, there have been promising developments in Natural Language Processing (NLP) with several investigations of approaches focusing on Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE). These models include models based on lexical similarities, models based on formal reasoning, and most recently deep neural models. In this paper, we present a sentence encoding model that exploits the sentence-to-sentence relation information for RTE. In terms of sentence modeling, Convolutional neural network (CNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs) adopt different approaches. RNNs are known to be well suited for sequence modeling, whilst CNN is suited for the extraction of n-gram features through the filters and can learn ranges of relations via the pooling mechanism. We combine the strength of RNN and CNN as stated above to present a unified model for the RTE task. Our model basically combines relation vectors computed from the phrasal representation of each sentence and final encoded sentence representations. Firstly, we pass each sentence through a convolutional layer to extract a sequence of higher-level phrase representation for each sentence from which the first relation vector is computed. Secondly, the phrasal representation of each sentence from the convolutional layer is fed into a Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) to obtain the final sentence representations from which a second relation vector is computed. The relations vectors are combined and then used in then used in the same fashion as attention mechanism over the Bi-LSTM outputs to yield the final sentence representations for the classification. Experiment on the Stanford Natural Language Inference (SNLI) corpus suggests that this is a promising technique for RTE.
Relationships between acceptance of sour taste and fruit intakes in 18-month-old infants (2007)

The present study examined whether infants show an acceptance for extreme sour tastes and whether acceptance of sour taste is related to infants' fruit intake. Fruit intake of fifty-three infants at 6, 12 and 18 months was assessed using 3 d food records. Sour acceptance of these infants was studied at 18.1 (SD 1.5) months. Acceptance for four solutions differing in citric acid concentrations (0.00 M, 0.013 M, 0.029 M and 0.065 M) was measured by allowing infants ad libitum ingestion of each solution over brief time periods. The base solution to which citric acid was added was blackcurrant squash diluted in water. Infants' relative intake of each solution was used as a measure of sour acceptance. At 18 months, twelve infants readily accepted the two highest citric acid concentrations, whereas the remaining infants rejected these. Infants who accepted the most sour solutions had a significantly higher fruit intake (P = 0.025) and a higher fruit variety (P = 0.015) at 18 months than the infants who rejected the highly sour taste. Furthermore, infants who accepted the most sour solutions consumed fruits more frequently at 18 months (chi2 5.1; P = 0.024). Infants who accepted the sourest solutions also had a higher fruit intake at 6 months, and a significantly higher increase in their fruit intake from 12 to 18 months. This is the first scientific study that demonstrates the acceptance of sour tastes in some infants at the age of 18 months. Furthermore, the present results suggest a relationship between acceptance of sour tastes and infants' fruit intakes.