gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deadline-constrained causal order (2002)

A causal ordering protocol ensures that if two messages are causally related and have the same destination, they are delivered to the application in their sending order. Causal order strongly simplifies the development of distributed object oriented systems. To prevent causal order violation, either messages may be forced to wait for messages in their past, or late messages may have to be discarded. For a real time setting, the first approach is not suitable since when a message misses a deadline, all the messages that causally depend on it may also be forced to miss their deadlines. We propose a novel causal ordering abstraction that takes message deadlines into consideration. Two implementations are proposed in the context of multicast and broadcast communication that deliver as many messages as possible to the application. Examples of distributed soft real time applications that benefit from the use of a deadline-constrained causal ordering primitive are given.
Enantioselective 1,4-Addition Reactions of Diphenyl Phosphite to Nitroalkenes Catalyzed by an Axially Chiral Guanidine (2007)

A highly enantioselective 1,4-addition reaction of nitroalkenes with diphenyl phosphite was successfully accomplished using a newly developed axially chiral guainidine catalyst. A broad range of nitroalkenes, bearing not only aromatic but also aliphatic substituents, is applicable to the present enantioselective reaction. The method provides an efficient protocol to synthesize enantioenriched β-amino phosphonate derivatives of biological and pharmaceutical importance.
On the impact of germanium doping on the vacancy formation energy in Czochralski-grown silicon (2010)

The formation energy and thermal equilibrium concentration of vacancies in Ge doped Czochralski-grown Si are studied by quenching of samples annealed at temperatures between 1200 and 1350 °C for 1 h under hydrogen atmosphere. After quenching, the majority of the formed vacancy and hydrogen containing point defect clusters are transformed into VH4 defects by a 1 h anneal at 450 °C. Measuring the amplitude of the vibrational band of VH4 at 2223 cm−1 as function of the quenching temperature allows estimating the vacancy formation energy. An apparent formation energy of about 2 eV is obtained for Ge doping between 7×1017 and 6.5×1020 cm−3 which is significantly lower than the 4 eV obtained for high purity Si. In the whole quenching temperature window, the vacancy thermal equilibrium concentration is significantly higher than in Si without Ge doping. It is shown that this lower apparent formation energy can be explained by the presence of vacancy traps.
Meaningful Change and Responsiveness in Common Physical Performance Measures in Older Adults (2006)

Best initial estimates of small meaningful change are near 0.05 m/s for gait speed, 0.5 points for SPPB, and 20 m for 6MWD and of substantial change are near 0.10 m/s for gait speed, 1.0 point for SPPB, and 50 m for 6MWD. For clinical use, substantial change in these measures and small change in gait speed and 6MWD, but not SPPB, are detectable. For research use, these measures yield feasible sample sizes for detecting meaningful change.
Proposals for optimization of the international phage typing system for Listeria monocytogenes: combined analysis of phage lytic spectrum and variability of typing results (1995)

Combined analysis of 5,179 serial phage reactions of 20 Listeria monocytogenes propagating strains over 14 years and phage typing results from 2,659 further L. monocytogenes strains allowed us to estimate lytic spectrum specificity and the variability of the lytic reactions of 35 phages. These included the 26 phages recommended for the international method for phage typing defined in 1985 by Rocourt et al. (J. Rocourt, A. Audurier, A. L. Courtieu, J. Durst, S. Ortel, A. Schrettenbrunner, and A. G. Taylor, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Abt. 1 Orig. A 259:489-497, 1985). The results are discussed individually for each phage. Proposals for modifying the present system are made with the aim of producing an optimal bacteriophage set for routine use.
Device for diffused reflectivity measurement of samples immersed in water (2000)

In this work, we describe an automatized system involving the control of a stepping motor and data acquisition to determine carefully the diffuse reflectivity of any sample immersed in water. Also, we show the results of measurements of diffuse reflectivity of Tyvek for l= 488 nm. Some of the advantages of this system allow us to save time and have a good angular resolution when comparing with the common manual systems
Physiology of Microglia (2011)

Microglial cells are the resident macrophages in the central nervous system. These cells of mesodermal/mesenchymal origin migrate into all regions of the central nervous system, disseminate through the brain parenchyma, and acquire a specific ramified morphological phenotype termed "resting microglia." Recent studies indicate that even in the normal brain, microglia have highly motile processes by which they scan their territorial domains. By a large number of signaling pathways they can communicate with macroglial cells and neurons and with cells of the immune system. Likewise, microglial cells express receptors classically described for brain-specific communication such as neurotransmitter receptors and those first discovered as immune cell-specific such as for cytokines. Microglial cells are considered the most susceptible sensors of brain pathology. Upon any detection of signs for brain lesions or nervous system dysfunction, microglial cells undergo a complex, multistage activation process that converts them into the "activated microglial cell." This cell form has the capacity to release a large number of substances that can act detrimental or beneficial for the surrounding cells. Activated microglial cells can migrate to the site of injury, proliferate, and phagocytose cells and cellular compartments.
Apparatus for magnetic storage on three-inch wide tapes (1957)

In describing the tape transport of the DATAmatic 1000, it is perhaps well to begin by reviewing the influential system features and their resulting requirements.
Pedestrian Path Prediction for Autonomous Driving at Un-Signalized Crosswalk Using W/CDM and MSFM (2020)

Pedestrian trajectory prediction is essential for collision avoidance in autonomous driving, which can help autonomous vehicles have a better understanding of traffic environment and perform tasks such as risk assessment in advance. In this paper, pedestrian path prediction at a time horizon of 2s for autonomous driving is systematically investigated using waiting/crossing decision model (W/CDM) and modified social force model (MSFM), and the possible conflict between pedestrians and straight-going vehicles at an un-signalized crosswalk is focused on. First of all, a W/CDM is efficiently developed to judge pedestrians' waiting/crossing intentions when a straight-going vehicle is approaching. Then the humanoid micro-dynamic MSFM of pedestrians who have been judged to cross is characterized by taking into account the evasion with conflicting pedestrians, the collision avoidance with straight-going vehicles, and the reaction to crosswalk boundary. The influence of pedestrian heterogeneous characteristics is considered for the first time. Moreover, aerial video data of pedestrians and vehicles at an un-signalized crosswalk is collected and analyzed for model calibration. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is proposed to calibrate the non-measurable parameters of the proposed models. Finally, the model validation is conducted with two cases by comparing with the existing methods. The result reveals that the integrated method (W/CDM-MSFM) outperforms the existing methods and accurately predicts the path of pedestrians, which can give us great confidence to use the current method to predict the path of pedestrian for autonomous driving with significant accuracy and highly improve pedestrian safety.
Exploring the human tear fluid: <scp>D</scp>iscovery of new biomarkers in multiple sclerosis (2014)

This study supports the concept that modifications of the tear proteome can reflect biological abnormalities associated with multiple sclerosis and perhaps other inflammatory conditions affecting the CNS. In addition, alpha-1 antichymotrypsin elevation in tear fluid emerges as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.
Celecoxib Cross Trial Safety Analysis (2008)

Long-term use of celecoxib is associated with an increase in cardiovascular (CV) risk for some patients, according to findings from a pooled analysis of 6 placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials. The degree of risk is associated with both baseline CV risk and celecoxib dose.
Identification of a novel integral plasma membrane protein induced during adipocyte differentiation (2001)

Adipocyte differentiation is co-ordinately regulated by several transcription factors and is accompanied by changes in the expression of a variety of genes. Using mRNA differential display analysis, we have isolated a novel mRNA, DD16, specifically induced during the course of adipocyte differentiation. DD16 mRNAs are present in several tissues, but among the tissues tested, a remarkably higher level of expression was found in white adipose tissue. The DD16 cDNA encoded a polypeptide of 415 amino acids containing a single N-glycosylation site and an N-terminal hydrophobic stretch of 19 amino acids forming a transmembrane segment, indicating that DD16 is a glycosylated membrane-bound protein. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the DD16 peptide detected immunoreactive DD16 in membrane fractions, notably the plasma membrane. Association of DD16 with the plasma membrane was further confirmed by biotinylation studies of cell surface proteins, suggesting that DD16 is an integral plasma membrane protein. Therefore we propose to give DD16 the name APMAP (Adipocyte Plasma Membrane-Associated Protein). Although the biological function of this polypeptide is presently unknown, our data suggest that APMAP may function as a novel protein involved in the cross-talk of mature adipocytes with the environment.
Simulation study of solar wind push on a charged wire: basis of solar wind electric sail propulsion (2007)

Abstract. One possibility for propellantless propulsion in space is to use the momentum flux of the solar wind. A way to set up a solar wind sail is to have a set of thin long wires which are kept at high positive potential by an onboard electron gun so that the wires repel and deflect incident solar wind protons. The efficiency of this so-called electric sail depends on how large force a given solar wind exerts on a wire segment and how large electron current the wire segment draws from the solar wind plasma when kept at a given potential. We use 1-D and 2-D electrostatic plasma simulations to calculate the force and present a semitheoretical formula which captures the simulation results. We find that under average solar wind conditions at 1 AU the force per unit length is (5±1×10−8 N/m for 15 kV potential and that the electron current is accurately given by the well-known orbital motion limited (OML) theory cylindrical Langmuir probe formula. Although the force may appear small, an analysis shows that because of the very low weight of a thin wire per unit length, quite high final speeds (over 50 km/s) could be achieved by an electric sailing spacecraft using today's flight-proved components. It is possible that artificial electron heating of the plasma in the interaction region could increase the propulsive effect even further.
Design of intracavitary microwave applicators for the treatment of uterine cervix carcinoma (1991)

A 915 MHz intracavitary applicator was designed to heat tumours in the cervical and upper vaginal regions. The applicator has a 3.5-turn helical coil wound around the distal 19 mm of a dielectric rod 43 mm long and 30 mm in diameter. For treating uterine cancer, a 2450 MHz, 4 mm diameter helical applicator was made by replacing 6 cm of the outer conductor of a coaxial cable with six turns of copper wire soldered to the outer conductor. The heating patterns were determined thermographically in a muscle phantom. The maximum heating rates were 0.42 and 0.83 degrees C/W-min, respectively, for the 915 and 2450 MHz applicators. Intracavitary temperature distributions in the upper vagina, cervix and uterus were measured at the surface of the applicators with thermocouples. The average temperature was 46.0 +/- 2.1 degrees C (S.D.) at mid-tumour and 44.5 +/- 0.8 degrees C at the tumour periphery. The maximum temperature, up to 51.5 degrees C, was measured at the surface of the cervical applicator. The majority of the patients (28/30) tolerated the investigational treatment without burns or pain. Rectal temperatures were also monitored. The location of the hot-spot (40.7 degrees C) in the rectum, 5-7 cm above the anus, corresponded to the tip of the cervical applicator (47.1 degrees C).
miRNA profiling in vitreous humor, vitreal exosomes and serum from uveal melanoma patients: Pathological and diagnostic implications (2015)

Uveal melanoma (UM) represents approximately 5-6% of all melanoma diagnoses and up to 50% of patients succumb to their disease. Although several methods are available, accurate diagnosis is not always easily feasible because of potential accidents (e.g., intraocular hemorrhage). Based on the assumption that the profile of circulating miRNAs is often altered in human cancers, we verified whether UM patients showed different vitreous humor (VH) or serum miRNA profiles with respect to healthy controls. By using TaqMan Low Density Arrays, we analyzed 754 miRNAs from VH, vitreal exosomes, and serum of 6 UM patients and 6 healthy donors: our data demonstrated that the UM VH profile was unique and only partially overlapping with that from serum of the same patients. Whereas, 90% of miRNAs were shared between VH and vitreal exosomes, and their alterations in UM were statistically overlapped with those of VH and vitreal exosomes, suggesting that VH alterations could result from exosomal dysregulation. We report 32 miRNAs differentially expressed in UM patients in at least 2 different types of samples analyzed. We validated these data on an independent cohort of 12 UM patients. Most alterations were common to VH and vitreal exosomes (e.g., upregulation of miR-21,-34 a,-146a). Interestingly, miR-146a was upregulated in the serum of UM patients, as well as in serum exosomes. Upregulation of miR-21 and miR-146a was also detected in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded UM, suggesting that VH or serum alterations in UM could be the consequence of disregulation arising from tumoral cells. Our findings suggest the possibility to detect in VH and serum of UM patients "diagnostic" miRNAs released by the affected eye: based on this, miR-146a could be considered a potential circulating marker of UM.
Optical Ring-Resonator Random-Access Memories (2008)

This paper examines the properties of optical resonator memory cells, in which a data bit is stored in a high- optical resonator. It is shown that resonator-based optical memories are ultimately limited by losses in the resonators, by the extinction ratio and chirp of the variable coupling medium that injects and extracts data into and out of the resonators, and by chirp on the input signal. Using a simple analytical model and accurate field-based simulations, we analyze the performance of a ring-resonator optical memory cell and compare this with the performance of slow light delay line buffer memories and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor embedded dynamic random-access memory.
Tunnelling accelerometer (1988)

SUMMARY Due to the strong distance dependence of tunnelling current on electrode spacing, tunnelling can be used to measure sub‐ångström‐scale displacements. The sensitivity and relative simplicity of this technique make it well suited for applications in highly sensitive accelerometers. We have constructed a cantilever‐type accelerometer in which a mass‐loaded lever deflects freely in response to accelerations. Deflection is measured by tunnelling in the constant current mode between an electrode on the lever and a tunnelling tip positioned by a piezoelectric transducer. Using a lever/mass system with a force constant of 2·3 × 10 4 N/m and an effective mass of 2·4g, we obtained a sensitivity of 79***V/g with a bandwidth greater than 200Hz. Accelerations smaller than 10 −4 g could be detected using this device.
Prognostic value of plasma endothelin-1 in patients with chronic heart failure (1997)

Our results suggest that elevated endothelin-1 plasma levels are associated with a poor prognosis and routine plasma endothelin-1 determination provides important prognostic information in mild to moderate heart failure.
A Study to Compare the Knowledge and Attitude of Urban and Rural Women regarding Reproductive Tract Infections in Selected Urban and Rural Areas of Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh (2018)

Introduction: Women's health during the reproductive or fertile years is relevant not only to women themselves, but also its impact on the health and development of the next generation. Reproductive tract infections are a hidden epidemic leading to enormous health and economic consequences worldwide.
Regenerating and denervated human muscle fibers and satellite cells express neural cell adhesion molecule recognized by monoclonal antibodies to natural killer cells (1992)

The monoclonal antibodies anti-Leu-19 and anti-NKH-1 recognize the CD56 differentiation antigen expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and on a T-cell subset. Because CD56 is an isoform of neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), we examined its expression on human muscle using antibodies to Leu-19, NKH-1, and purified N-CAM in an immunohistochemical, immunoblot, and immunoprecipitation study on 70 muscle biopsy specimens from various muscle diseases and on human muscle in tissue culture. Anti-Leu-19, anti-NKH-1, and anti-N-CAM had identical immunoreactive patterns. In tissue sections, they specifically recognized the satellite cells and the regenerating or newly denervated muscle fibers; in tissue cultures, they immunoreacted with myoblasts and myotubes; and in the homogenates of myopathic muscle and cultured myotubes, they immunoprecipitated the same glycoprotein of 145- to 220-kd. The study concludes that (1) the commercially available monoclonal antibodies to NK cells, Leu-19 and NKH-1, are immunocytochemical markers for the satellite cells and the regenerating or newly denervated muscle fibers complementing conventional techniques in the diagnosis of patients with neuromuscular disorders; and (2) the CD56 is a common antigen shared by NK cells and muscle fibers during certain stages of muscle maturation, regeneration, or denervation. When expressed in the muscle, CD56 may facilitate the adhesion of cytotoxic lymphocytes to the muscle and play a role in muscle fiber injury.
A Low-Cost Closed-Loop Solar Tracking System Based on the Sun Position Algorithm (2019)

Sun position and the optimum inclination of a solar panel to the sun vary over time throughout the day. A simple but accurate solar position measurement system is essential for maximizing the output power from a solar panel in order to increase the panel efficiency while minimizing the system cost. Solar position can be measured either by a sensor (active/passive) or through the sun position monitoring algorithm. Sensor-based sun position measuring systems fail to measure the solar position in a cloudy or intermittent day, and they require precise installation and periodic calibrations. In contrast, the sun position algorithms use mathematical formula or astronomical data to obtain the station of the sun at a particular geographical location and time. A standalone low-cost but high-precision dual-axis closed-loop sun-tracking system using the sun position algorithm was implemented in an 8-bit microcontroller platform. The Astronomical Almanac ’s (AA) algorithm was used for its simplicity, reliability, and fast computation capability of the solar position. Results revealed that incorporation of the sun position algorithm into a solar tracking system helps in outperforming the fixed system and optical tracking system by 13.9% and 2.1%, respectively. In summary, even for a small-scale solar tracking system, the algorithm-based closed-loop dual-axis tracking system can increase overall system efficiency.
Usage of QR codes in promotion on social networks (2016)

This paper presents web based project that was developed for the purpose of promotion of company or brand on social networks with the use of QR codes. System contains detection script which collects data from scanned QR codes Paper brings information of the realized project; it also gives results of testing.
Graph-theoretic Simplification of Quantum Circuits with the ZX-calculus (2020)

We present a completely new approach to quantum circuit optimisation, based on the ZX-calculus. We first interpret quantum circuits as ZX-diagrams, which provide a flexible, lower-level language for describing quantum computations graphically. Then, using the rules of the ZX-calculus, we give a simplification strategy for ZX-diagrams based on the two graph transformations of local complementation and pivoting and show that the resulting reduced diagram can be transformed back into a quantum circuit. While little is known about extracting circuits from arbitrary ZX-diagrams, we show that the underlying graph of our simplified ZX-diagram always has a graph-theoretic property called generalised flow, which in turn yields a deterministic circuit extraction procedure. For Clifford circuits, this extraction procedure yields a new normal form that is both asymptotically optimal in size and gives a new, smaller upper bound on gate depth for nearest-neighbour architectures. For Clifford+T and more general circuits, our technique enables us to to `see around' gates that obstruct the Clifford structure and produce smaller circuits than naïve `cut-and-resynthesise' methods.