gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PowerTune: Differentiated Power Allocation in Over-Provisioned Multicore Systems (2013)

Exponentially increasing transistor density with each processor generation, along with constant chip-level power budgets and a slower rate of improvement in transistor power dissipation, exponentially decreases the percentage of transistors that can switch on simultaneously. Such 'over-provisioned multicore' systems require active power management technologies to maintain normal operation constraints. Given the increasing use of shared virtualized infrastructure, these power management capabilities must address the highly diverse behavior of different applications in their processor usage and performance requirements. This paper presents a solution 'Power Tune' to perform software managed QoS-aware power allocation for over-provisioned multicore processors. Power proportions can be user-specified or dynamically determined based on QoS-policy. When doing so, platform power constraints are modeled using 'power credits' allocated to virtual machines. Budget constraints are enforced by repeatedly transitioning the CPU into active and idle-states. The solution is implemented in the Xen hypervisor by augmenting its existing credit scheduler. Experimental evaluations are carried out using multiple allocation policies (HWAlloc, FixAlloc, and QoSAlloc), with results showing effectiveness of software-controlled power allocation for VMs with diverse performance requirements and dynamic execution behavior.
Dependence of elastic properties of vulcanized rubber on the degree of cross linking (1949)

Abstract Natural rubber and GR‐S synthetic rubber have been vulcanized to varying degrees of cross linking through the use of disazodicarboxylates. These compounds react readily with the above unsaturated polymers in a manner which assures the formation of one cross linkage for each molecule of the disazo compound. Elastic properties of the vulcanizates so produced are similar to those of rubber specimens vulcanized in the conventional manner with sulfur and an accelerator. Their stress‐strain curves deviate from the form prescribed by the statistical theory of rubber elasticity in the same manner as observed by Gee for sulfur vulcanizates. The equilibrium force of retraction at 100% elongation has been measured over a 30‐fold range in the degree of cross linking; equilibrium swelling measurements extend over an 80‐fold range. The magnitude of the force of retraction over most of the range covered agrees remarkably well with the explicit predictions of the statistical theory. The significance of the deviations which are observed is discussed.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA): long-term outcome and aeromedical implications. (1996)

No low risk subgroup of patients or safe waiting period post-PTCA could be identified by literature review. We cannot recommend return to any type of military flying duties at any time after PTCA because of the significant and steady rate of serious cardiac events.
Endocytic mechanisms for uptake and metabolism of chylomicron remnants in the liver. (1996)

Removal of small chylomicron remnants by perfused rat livers closely correlates with the LDL-receptor mRNA modulated by various interventions. In contrast, removal of remnants of large chylomicrons is not appreciably influenced by the activity of the hepatic LDL-receptor. Their primary removal depends on a heparinase-sensitive binding site. Transient and stable transfection of the cDNAs of the two subunits of the human asialoglycoprotein receptor markedly increased the binding capacity for chylomicron remnants suggesting the asialoglycoprotein receptor to be an alternative mechanism for remnant removal. Some species can edit apolipoprotein B-100 mRNA and thus secret apolipoprotein B-48 containing lipoproteins of hepatic origin. Generally these animals have lower cholesterol levels and a more favorable lipoprotein profile.
Josephson-CMOS hybrid memory with ultra-high-speed interface circuit (2003)

In this paper we report our recent progress in realizing a Josephson-CMOS hybrid random-access memory. We have established a 4 K CMOS device model based on low-temperature experimental data on discrete MOS devices. We implemented an ultra-high-speed interface circuit to amplify millivolt-level Josephson input signals to volt-level signals for CMOS circuits. The interface circuit includes a Josephson series-array preamplifier and an ultra-fast hybrid Josephson-CMOS amplifier. Simulation and optimization of the interface circuit have predicted a delay of less than 60 ps. We have designed and fabricated the interface circuit using the 0.25 /spl mu/m National Semiconductor Corporation (NSC) process for the CMOS chip, and the UC Berkeley 6.5 kA/cm/sup 2/ Nb process for the Josephson junction (JJ) chip. The functionality of the interface circuit has been tested and proved by wire-bonding the CMOS chip to the JJ chip. We also demonstrate the design and fabrication of a model 64-kbit Josephson-CMOS hybrid memory; this circuit includes the ultra-high-speed interface, address buffers, word line decoders, 3 T DRAM-type cells, and Josephson sensing circuits; these are fabricated using the 0.25 /spl mu/m NSC CMOS process and the UC Berkeley Nb process. Subnanosecond access time is predicted by a conservative simulation that used a room-temperature model for the CMOS. We plan a stacked-chip structure using very short wire bonding with which we will be able to measure subnanosecond access times.
ENZYMES OF<i>CLOSTRIDIUM TERTIUM</i> (1957)

The enzymatic degradation of purified blood group substances represents an increasingly fruitful approach to the elucidation of their immunochemical specificity, and progress to date has recently been reviewed (Kabat, 1956). A number of enzymes from different microorganisms have been described which split one or more of the blood group substances with resultant changes in serological specificity. Stack and Morgan (1949) have investigated enzymes, first studied by Schiff (1935), of Clostridium welchii, which decompose the A, B and O(H) substances. Watkins (1953) described enzymes in cell free extracts of the protozoan Trichomonas foetus which inactivated the A, B, O(H), and Lewis blood group substances; and Watkins and Morgan (1954) have shown that partially purified enzyme preparations from the same source destroyed the O(H), M and N substances on intact erythrocytes without affecting the A, B, P or S antigens. Besides inactivating the specific antigens mentioned, the enzymes of T. foetus rendered all erythrocytes nonspecifically agglutinable (panagglutinable), rendered D-positive cells agglutinable by incomplete anti-D, and inactivated the receptor sites for the hemagglutinin of influenza virus type A (PR8). Cell free extracts of Lactobacillus bifidus (var. penn) have been shown by Gy6rgy, et al. (1952) to possess enzymatic activity against human and animal blood group A, B, and 0(H) substances, being most active against the latter. Iseki and Tsunoda (1952) have reported that cell free extracts of Bacillu-s fulminans, an aerobic spore bearer, show enzymatic
The Conjugation of Horse Serum Albumin with Isocyanates of Certain Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (1941)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Conjugation of Horse Serum Albumin with Isocyanates of Certain Polynuclear Aromatic HydrocarbonsHugh J. Creech and R. Norman JonesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1941, 63, 6, 1661–1669Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1941Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1941https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01851a045RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (813 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
K-<i>ras</i> Codon-Specific Mutations Produce Distinctive Metabolic Phenotypes in Human Fibroblasts (2005)

Among K-ras mutations, codon 12 mutations have been identified as those conferring a more aggressive phenotype. This aggressiveness is primarily associated with slow proliferation but greatly increased resistance to apoptosis. Using transfected NIH3T3 fibroblasts with a mutated K-ras minigene either at codon 12 (K12) or at codon 13 (K13), and taking advantage of [1,2-13C2]glucose tracer labeling, we show that codon 12 mutant K-ras (K12)-transformed cells exhibit greatly increased glycolysis with only a slight increase in activity along pathways that produce nucleic acid and lipid synthesis precursors in the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway and via pyruvate dehydrogenase flux. K13 mutants display a modest increase in anaerobic glycolysis associated with a large increase in oxidative pentose phosphate pathway activity and pyruvate dehydrogenase flux. The distinctive differences in metabolic profiles of K12 and K13 codon mutated cells indicate that a strong correlation exists between the flow of glucose carbons towards either increased anaerobic glycolysis, and resistance to apoptosis (K12), or increased macromolecule synthesis, rapid proliferation, and increased sensitivity to apoptosis.
Bizur: A Key-value Consensus Algorithm for Scalable File-systems (2017)

Bizur is a consensus algorithm exposing a key-value interface. It is used by a distributed file-system that scales to 100s of servers, delivering millions of IOPS, both data and metadata, with consistent low-latency. Bizur is aimed for services that require strongly consistent state, but do not require a distributed log; for example, a distributed lock manager or a distributed service locator. By avoiding a distributed log scheme, Bizur outperforms distributed log based consensus algorithms, producing more IOPS and guaranteeing lower latencies during normal operation and especially during failures. Paxos-like algorithms (e.g., Zab and Raft) which are used by existing distributed file-systems, can have artificial contention points due to their dependence on a distributed log. The distributed log is needed when replicating a general service, but when the desired service is key-value based, the contention points created by the distributed log can be avoided. Bizur does exactly that, by reaching consensus independently on independent keys. This independence allows Bizur to handle failures more efficiently and to scale much better than other consensus algorithms, allowing the file-system that utilizes Bizur to scale with it.
High-Throughput Screening with Quantitation of ATP Consumption: A Universal Non-Radioisotope, Homogeneous Assay for Protein Kinase (2004)

A number of assays have been developed for high-throughput screening (HTS) of potentially bioactive compounds. To screen millions of chemical compounds efficiently, the best detection technology prior to initiating HTS must be chosen. Ideally, a non-radioisotope (non-RI), homogeneous method, equivalent to the most reliable assay for a particular target, should be selected as an HTS method. Protein kinases are among the most important classes for drug discovery because they participate in various signaling pathways. Several HTS technologies are available for kinase activity: SPA (Amersham, Piscataway, NJ, U.S.A.), HTRF (CIS-US, Inc., Bedford, MA, U.S.A.), IMAP (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA, U.S.A.), and Z'-LYTE (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, U.S.A.). The amount of phosphorylated product is detected by different methods in these assays. Recently, Kinase-Glo Luminescent Kinase Assay, a non-RI, homogeneous, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) quantitative kit useful for kinase activity detection, has become available from Promega (Madison, WI, U.S.A.). ATP is a universal substrate for kinases. Thus, the Kinase-Glo assay shows promise for becoming the primary method of determining kinase activity in HTS. We have developed a Kinase-Glo system for cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4), and compare its results with those of the filtration method, the most reliable assay for in vitro Cdk4 activity. In addition, the reliability and sensitivity of the Kinase-Glo are discussed.
Metal Complexes of Carbohydrate‐targeted Ligands in Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry (2014)

Recent progress of ligand design in the field of medicinal inorganic chemistry includes sugar-based ligands and their metal complexes. Carbohydrate moieties are introduced to control cellular uptake, in vivo distribution and biological activities of the metal complexes. As a consequence, many carbohydrate-targeted ligands and their metal complexes play an essential part in inorganic medicinal chemistry. This chapter summarizes recent progress of carbohydrate-based ligand design for medicinal and diagnostic applications and proposes future prospects.
Relationship Between Design Features of Endodontic Instruments and Their Properties. Part 3. Resistance to Bending and Fracture (2001)

Stainless-steel prototypes characterized by five different cross-sectional shapes (square, triangular, rhomboidal, "S"-shaped, and the cross-sectional design of H-type files) and three different number of flutes (16, 24, and 32) were used for investigation of the relationship between design features and the resistance to bending and fracture of root canal instruments. Both resistance to bending (bending moment) and resistance to fracture (angular deflection and torque) were determined in accordance to ISO 3630-1. Numbers 15, 25, and 35 prototypes were tested with a sample size of 10 instruments each. Whereas prototypes with the rhombus-shaped cross-sectional design displayed the lowest resistance to bending, those of the square cross-section showed the greatest. In general, S-shaped prototypes and those with the H-type cross-section achieved lower angular deflection than all other prototypes, whereas those with the triangular cross-sectional shape and 32 flutes reached the greatest angular deflection. Overall, rhombus-shaped prototypes showed lower torque values than all other prototypes. Results indicate that bending and torsional properties of endodontic instruments are mainly influenced by their cross-sectional design. Moreover, these properties are also affected by the number of flutes and the manufacturing process (twisted or milled) of endodontic instruments.
A 0.6-V voltage reference circuit based on Σ-V/sub TH/ architecture in CMOS/SIMOX (2002)

A voltage reference circuit based on threshold-voltage-summation (/spl Sigma/-V/sub TH/) architecture is proposed. Its output (V/sub REF/) is not affected by the input offset of the feedback amplifier in the circuit. Thus, its V/sub REF/ dispersion is considerably reduced. A prototype circuit fabricated in fully depleted CMOS/SIMOX technology can operate at a supply voltage as low as 0.6 V. The measured V/sub REF/ is 530 mV/spl plusmn/16.8 mV (30) and the measured temperature coefficient is 0.02 mV//spl deg/C/spl plusmn/0.0G mV//spl deg/C (3/spl sigma/).
NotI genomic cleavage map of Escherichia coli K-12 strain MG1655 (1992)

Several approaches were used to construct a complete NotI restriction enzyme cleavage map of the genome of Escherichia coli MG1655. The approaches included use of transposable element insertions that created auxotrophic mutations and introduced a NotI site into the genome, hybridization of NotI fragments to the ordered lambda library constructed by Kohara et al. (BioTechniques 10:474-477, 1991), Southern blotting of NotI digests with cloned genes as probes, and analysis of the known E. coli DNA sequence for NotI sites. In all, 22 NotI cleavage sites were mapped along with 26 transposon insertions. These sites were localized to clones in the lambda library and, when possible, sequenced genes. The map was compared with that of strain EMG2, a wild-type E. coli K-12 strain, and several differences were found, including a region of about 600 kb with an altered restriction pattern and an additional fragment in MG1655. Comparison of MG1655 with other strains revealed minor differences but indicated that this map was representative of that for many commonly used E. coli K-12 strains.
Untrapping the Soul of Fanon: Culture, Consciousness and the Future of Pan-Africanism (2011)

This essay uses the occasion of the 50 th anniversary since Frantz Fanon’s transition to ref lect upon the implications of his thought and praxis to the contemporary evolution of PanAfricanism. The notion of a Fanonian Pan-Africanis m is central to the conceptual and theoretical framework for this analysis. It assume s that Fanonian thought contained within it many of the fundamental elements that have defined Pan-Africanist thinking for generations. I also explore Fanon’s practical connections to Pan-A fricanist formations across the African Diaspora. The essay’s main contribution is to refle ct on how these dimensions of Fanon’s ideas and work might inform our understanding of the rela tionship between, on the one hand, selfawareness and cultural consciousness and, on the ot her hand, Pan-African consciousness and the present-day politics of Pan-African unity.
Paola Zancan, La Crisi del Impero nell' anno 69 D.C.Padova : Cedam1939. Pp. xi + 134. Lire 18. (1940)

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The effect of added acetylene on the rf discharge chemistry of C2F6. A mechanistic model for fluorocarbon plasmas (1980)

The effect of added acetylene on the rf discharge chemistry of C2F6 was studied as a function of acetylene concentration. The principle products are HF, CF4, CHF3, C2F4, and CF2 as determined by mass spectrometry. Under conditions typically used for etching SiO2, residence time and power density control the amount of conversion of feed gas to products. Large amounts of polymeric material, with composition (CF)n, are formed in the discharge zone. A chemical model for flourocarbon discharges is proposed, which assumes an equilibrium between dissociation and recombination of flourocarbon fragments and flourine atoms. Polymerization and selective etching of Si and SiO2 in flourocarbon dishcarges containing oxygen or hydrogen additives is interpreted in terms of the proposed model.
Variations in the expression of pili: the effect on adherence of <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> to human epithelial and endothelial cells (1992)

The effect of variations in Neisseria meningitidis pili on bacterial interactions with three epithelial cell lines as well as human umbilical vein endothelial cells was studied using a panel of seven strains expressing Class I or Class II pili. Comparison of adherence of piliated and pilus-deficient variants of each strain to epithelial cells suggested that Class I pili may mediate bacterial adherence with all three epithelial cell lines. In contrast, Class II pili of the strains used did not increase bacterial adherence to Hep-2 larynx carcinoma cells, although an increase in adherence to Chang conjunctival and A549 lung carcinoma epithelial cells was observed in the Class II pili-expressing strains. In addition to these interclass functional variations, differences in adherence to epithelial cells were also observed among Class I and Class II strains. Functionally different pilin variants of one Class I strain, MC58, were obtained by single colony isolation. One piliated variant was identified which had concurrently lost the ability to adhere to both Chang and Hep-2 cells ('non-adherent' phenotype; adherence of less than 2 bacteria per cell). In addition, several adherent pilin variants were isolated from non-adherent Pil- and Pil+ bacteria by selection on Chang cells (adherence of 10-25 bacteria per cell). In contrast to epithelial cells, all variant pili, whether of Class I or Class II, adhered to endothelial cells in substantially larger numbers (greater than 50 bacteria per cell) and therefore implied the existence of distinct mechanisms in pilus-facilitated interactions of N. meningitidis with endothelial and epithelial cells.
Shimming with permanent magnets for the x‐ray detector in a hybrid x‐ray/MR system (2008)

In this x-ray/MR hybrid system an x-ray flat panel detector is placed under the patient cradle, close to the MR volume of interest (VOI), where the magnetic field strength is approximately 0.5 T. Immersed in this strong field, several electronic components inside the detector become magnetized and create an additional magnetic field that is superimposed on the original field of the MR scanner. Even after linear shimming, the field homogeneity of the MR scanner remains disrupted by the detector. The authors characterize the field due to the detector with the field of two magnetic dipoles and further show that two sets of permanent magnets (NdFeB) can withstand the main magnetic field and compensate for the nonlinear components of the additional field. The ideal number of magnets and their locations are calculated based on a field map measured with the detector in place. Experimental results demonstrate great promise for this technique, which may be useful in many settings where devices with magnetic components need to be placed inside or close to an MR scanner.
On the origin of the lactate dehydrogenase induced rate effect (1984)

To evaluate the ability of lactate dehydrogenase to facilitate the bond making/breaking steps for both the addition of pyruvate enol to NAD (pyruvate adduct reaction) and the normal redox reaction, the ability of the enzyme to facilitate the tautomerization of bound pyruvate is assessed. In addition, the equilibrium constants for the adduct reaction are obtained for both bound and free reactants from the ratio of the rate constants in the forward and reverse reactions (at pH 7). The latter comparison indicates that the enzyme facilitates bond making/breaking in the (forward) pyruvate adduct reaction by a factor of about 10(11) M. Similar comparisons suggest that reactant immobilization accounts for about 1000 M of this 10(11) M rate effect. Since the (pH-independent) rate constant for the ketonization of bound pyruvate enol assisted by the external buffer, imidazolium ion, is 2 X 10(7) M-1 s-1 and the corresponding rate constant for free pyruvate enol, again assisted by imidazolium ion, is 35 M-1 s-1 [Burger, J. W., II, & Ray, W. J., Jr. (1978) Biochemistry 17, 1664], the enzyme facilitates the bond making/breaking steps associated with the conversion of bound HO-C less than to bound O = C less than by a factor of about 10(6)-fold. The product of the above two rate enhancement factors and the rate factor suggested previously for the environmental effect on NAD produced by its binding to lactate dehydrogenase, 100-fold, is 10(11) M, and it accounts for the bond making/breaking effects exerted by the enzyme in the pyruvate adduct reaction. The rate constant for oxidation of ethanol (a model for lactate) by 1-methylnicotinamide (a model for NAD) is about 5 X 10(-12) M-1 s-1 at 25 degrees C in pure ethanol (delta H for this reaction is about 30 kcal/mol). The ratio of the rate constants for E X NAD X Lac----E X NADH X Pyr and the above model reaction is estimated as about 10(14) M in water; i.e., the LDH-induced rate effect is about 10(14) M. The product of the values for the above rate factors for the normal redox reaction is about 10(12) M. Although the value of this product is less certain than that for the adduct reaction, these rate factors do account for much of the LDH-induced rate effect.