gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthetic progestins in the normal human menstrual cycle. (1957)

Trials starting in December 1954 of 17alpha-ethinyl-19-nortestosterone (norethgnodrel) 17-alpha-ethinyl-5(10)-estra-eneolone (norethisterone) and 17alpha-ethyl-19nortestosterone (Nilevar) in 50 infertile women are described. The subjects were 22-29 years old (mean 19.5) with regularbcycles and unexplained infertility of 1-10 years duration. They were followed for 50 control cycles and 125 treatment cycles by basal temperature endometrial biopsy vaginal smears and urinary pregnanediol while taking 5-50 mg of one of the progestagens daily in a cyclic regimen. Basal temperature rose 1-2 days after starting medication endometrium was thin progestogenic and thought to be ovulatory in only 7% vaginal smears suggested ovulation in only 4% pregnanediol has significantly low. 7 other patients given norethynodrel before laparotomy had no recent corpora lutea. 14% of 36 of these patients became pregnant within 4 months of stopping treatment. In the ensuing discussion 5 colleagues added their results of other progestagen trials and animal hormonal activity tests. It was observed that norethgnodrel was contaminated by a potent estrogen and that these progestagens could be used as oral contraceptives.
Input-Output Decoupling Control by Measurement Feedback in Four-Wheel-Active-Steering Vehicles (2006)

The standard second order single track linearized model for four-wheel-steering vehicles is considered: yaw rate and lateral speed are the outputs to be controlled while front and rear steering angles are the control inputs (only additive steering angles with respect to the pilot commands are considered for the front wheels). It is shown that the lateral speed dynamics and the yaw rate dynamics can be decoupled by feeding back longitudinal speed, yaw rate and lateral acceleration measurements: lateral speed measurements are not required. The yaw rate tracking error dynamics follow a second order reference model with arbitrary poles, while the lateral speed dynamics tend exponentially to zero with a vehicle-dependent time constant and lateral acceleration tends to be proportional to the yaw rate. Simulations on a nonlinear third order single track model show significant improvements in the closed loop behaviour: larger stability regions, larger bandwidth, resonances suppression, improved manoeuvrability. A key feature of the input-output decoupling control is the improved comfort since both the lateral speed and the phase lag between lateral acceleration and yaw rate are greatly reduced
Cell surface antigens expressed by subsets of pre-B cells and B cells. (1984)

A large number of monoclonal antibodies, produced by immunizing rats with mouse pre-B cell lines, have been analyzed for their ability to define cell surface antigens expressed by B cells at early stages of differentiation. Whereas many antibodies recognized antigens on pre-B cell lines, only two clones detected cell surface antigens that were distinguished by their restricted distribution among a panel of continuous cell lines and cells from various tissues. Monoclonal antibody clone AA4.1 recognized a cell surface antigen found on all pre-B lymphomas and on one of three B lymphomas tested. This antigen was found on cells at highest frequency in the bone marrow. Adult spleen and fetal liver also have detectable numbers of AA4.1+ cells. Cells that did not express this antigen include plasmacytomas, two of three B lymphomas, T lymphomas, a stem cell line, adult liver, brain, thymus, and lymph node cells. Clone GF1.2 detected an antigen on some pre-B cell lines, one of three B lymphomas tested, and a small fraction of cells from adult bone marrow, spleen, lymph node, and fetal liver. Plasmacytomas, some pre-B lymphomas, two B lymphomas, T lymphomas, adult liver, brain, and thymus cells were negative. In adult bone marrow, AA4.1 bound to all cytoplasmic IgM+ pre-B cells, whereas GF1.2 detected one-half of these cells. Both antibodies recognized approximately 50% of surface IgM+ (sIgM+) bone marrow cells. A small population of bone marrow cells lacking any detectable Ig (surface or cytoplasmic) also reacted with these antibodies. Depletion of AA4.1 or GF1.2 antigen-bearing cells from bone marrow reduced the ability of bone marrow B cells to respond to LPS by 50 to 65%. Experiments with a cloned pre-B lymphoma demonstrate that AA4.1+ pre-B cells become sIgM+ GF1.2+ B cells after activation with LPS. These antibodies recognize cell surface determinants with restricted distribution among the B lymphocyte lineage because they detect antigens displayed by normal and transformed immature B lymphocytes.
Demonstration of Asynchronous Operation of a Multiwavelength Optical Packet-Switched Fabric (2010)

Asynchronous wavelength-striped message routing is experimentally demonstrated for a 4 × 4 optical packet-switched network test-bed. Asynchronous transmission provides increased interconnection network flexibility for future high-performance computing systems. Multiwavelength optical packets with 6 × 10-Gb/s payloads are shown correctly routed asynchronously through the network. Error-free operation with bit-error rates less than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> is confirmed, with an average induced power penalty of 0.5 dB for the six payload wavelengths.
Size Distribution of DNA Molecules Recovered from Non-denaturing Filter Elution (1991)

DNA fragments removed from the filter during non-denaturing filter elution were collected and loaded on top of neutral sucrose gradients. Their size distribution was determined by low-speed centrifugation in neutral sucrose gradients. The average size of eluted DNA was found to be approximately 110 S, yet the average size of DNA collected after short elution times was found to be slightly larger than that after long elution times. It is concluded that the size of eluted DNA fragments is not correlated with their elution rate, and it is proposed that shear forces generated at the pores of the filter cause degradation of the DNA. A comparison of the sedimentation profiles of carefully prepared cellular DNA before and after elution revealed that the generated shear forces during elution break down the DNA to an extent equivalent to around 20,000 DNA double-strand breaks (dsb) per G1 cell. The size of DNA fragments decreased with increasing radiation dose; however, five times more dsb were found than expected after exposure to radiation alone. It is proposed that this excess of dsb may derive from the transformation of other radiation-induced lesions to dsb under the action of the shear forces generated during elution.
Separation of monoacylglycerols by high‐performance liquid chromatography on nitrile‐bonded phase (1994)

Abstract Monoacylglycerol molecular species, as their di‐3,5‐dinitrophenylurethane derivatives, were well separated by normalphase high‐performance liquid chromatography on nitrilebonded phase. The peaks emerged in the order 20∶0, 18∶0, 16∶0, 18∶1, 16∶1, 18∶2, and 18∶3. The peaks of 1‐ and 2‐monoacylglycerols with the same acyl group showed complete overlapping. This method could be applied to get acyl compositions in the three positions of triacyl‐ sn ‐glycerols in their stereospecific analysis.
Spin echoes and Loschmidt's paradox (1972)

Isolated systems of many particles often appear to behave irreversibly. though they are in principle dynamically reversible. In some cases this reversibility can be made evident in 'echo phenomena. in which the system is literally restored to a dynamical statc which existed in the past. Whether such echoes are in principle possible for all isolated systems is not known. However. they do not require the absence of interactions among the particles. Thus the inhomogeneaus and 'magic sandwich' echoes are aspects of the same phcnomenon.
Molecular mechanisms of damage by excess nitrogen oxides: Nitration of tyrosine by gas‐phase cigarette smoke (1994)

Nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide, •NO) plays important physiological roles, but an excess can be toxic. •NO is present in cigarette smoke (CS) at up to 500 ppm, and probably represents one of the greatest erogenous sources of •NO to which humans are exposed. We show here that gas‐phase CS is capable of converting tyrosine to 3‐nitrotyrosine (3‐NO 2 ‐Tyr) and dityrosine, to an extent dependent on time of exposure and pH. Glutathione, ascorbic acid and uric acid decreased the CS‐induced formation of 3‐NO 2 ‐Tyr and dityrosine. We suggest that nitrogen oxides in CS can modify proteins in the respiratory tract and may contribute to CS toxicity.
Interactive Cosmetic Makeup of a 3D Point-Based Face Model (2008)

We present an interactive system for cosmetic makeup of a point-based face model acquired by 3D scanners. We first enhance the texture of a face model in 3D space using low-pass Gaussian filtering, median filtering, and histogram equalization. The user is provided with a stereoscopic display and haptic feedback, and can perform simulated makeup tasks including the application of foundation, color makeup, and lip gloss. Fast rendering is achieved by processing surfels using the GPU, and we use a BSP tree data structure and a dynamic local refinement of the facial surface to provide interactive haptics. We have implemented a prototype system and evaluated its performance.
Analysis of the deployment of transportable base stations in personal communication services networks with expanded user location features (2002)

The paper examines two location management procedures for a third-generation mobile communications network. The overlaying of macrocells on microcells and indoor picocells, proposed as a promising solution to achieve higher user capacity, requires new handover algorithms where accurate subscriber position information is important. An objective of such procedures is to minimize signaling overhead and delay on the radio link created when locating a roaming subscriber terminal. The accuracy of the described procedures rely on the optimal placement of the base stations or access points to realize temporal diversity, spatial diversity and area coverage sufficient to perform the position and tracking operations. Refinements to the algorithms include a multiple step paging strategy for mobile subscribers.
Apremilast, a cAMP phosphodiesterase‐4 inhibitor, demonstrates anti‐inflammatory activity <i>in vitro</i> and in a model of psoriasis (2009)

Apremilast displayed a broad pattern of anti-inflammatory activity in a variety of cell types and decreased the incidence and severity of a psoriasiform response in vivo. Inhibition of TNF-alpha, IL-12 and IL-23 production, as well as NK and keratinocyte responses by this phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor suggests a novel approach to the treatment of psoriasis.
Clavicle fracture nonunion in the paediatric population: A systematic review of the literature (2018)

IV.
Frequency estimation techniques in capacitance-to-frequency conversion measurement (2020)

The process of capacitance measurement consists of converting the capacitance under measurement into a secondary variable such as voltage, time-period, and frequency. This paper lays special focus on the capacitance-frequency measurement due to the offered advantages by this technique over the other methods. For this purpose, a review of the various frequency estimation techniques is presented while exploring the possibility of applying them for capacitance measurement. These techniques are mainly classified as phase-locked loop, frequency-locked loop (FLL), parameter estimation methods, and discrete Fourier transform (DFT) based FLL structures. Furthermore, the possibility of integrating computationally efficient DFT structures in frequency locked loops has been investigated. The performance comparison of these techniques proves that a more accurate measurement of capacitance could be achieved through them. The proposed methodology of capacitance measurement offers good accuracy, wider range, quick convergence, and system-on-chip implementation. Moreover, FLLs could be applied for the capacitance measurement when the input signal is nonsinusoidal.
Photolysis of tetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazines; formation of cyanocyclopropenes (1972)

T. Tsuchiya, H. Arai and H. Igeta, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1972, 1059a DOI: 10.1039/C3972001059A
Highly Selective Deoxydehydration of Tartaric Acid over Supported and Unsupported Rhenium Catalysts with Modified Acidities (2016)

The deoxydehydration (DODH) of sugar acids to industrially important carboxylic acids is a very attractive topic. Oxorhenium complexes are the most-often employed DODH catalysts. Because of the acidity of the rhenium catalysts, the DODH products of sugar acids were usually in the form of mixture of free carboxylic acids and esters. Herein, we demonstrate strategies for the selective DODH of sugar acids to free carboxylic acids by tuning the Lewis acidity or the Brønsted acidity of the rhenium-based catalysts. Starting from tartaric acid, up to 97 % yield of free maleic acid was achieved. Based on our strategies, functional polymer immobilized heterogeneous rhenium catalysts were also developed for the selective DODH conversion of sugar acids.
Background modeling and object tracking using multi-spectral sensors (2006)

In this paper, we present a multi-spectral video surveillance system. Improved background modeling and appearance-based object tracking are proposed with both signal-level and decision-level multi-spectral information fusion. In addition to modeling observations in each spectral channel by a typical pixel-level mixture-of-Gaussian-based model, we also model high level factors such as confidence of each modality, motion, object area, and lighting with a hierarchical probabilistic model feedback. This hierarchical model can enhance the performance of different challenging environment conditions, such as global illumination changes, and random parameter failures of background subtraction. Moreover, real-world vision problems include occlusion and merge/split are managed by our non-parametric tracking methodology and appearance-distance histogram. Our experiment in object tracking shows that under normal conditions, our system extends the capability of single spectral sensor, and under severe environment conditions, the overall system performance outperforms traditional direct fusion techniques in tracking reliability. This promising performance also encourages us to further extend our techniques to general multi-spectral and multi-modal surveillance.
Solid tumors provide niche-specific conditions that lead to preferential growth of <i>Salmonella</i> (2016)

Therapeutic attenuated strains of Salmonella Typhimurium target and eradicate tumors in mouse models. However, the mechanism of S. Typhimurium for tumor targeting is still poorly understood. We performed a high-throughput screening of single-gene deletion mutants of S. Typhimurium in an orthotopic, syngeneic murine mammary model of breast cancer. The mutants under selection in this system were classified into functional categories to identify bacterial processes involved in Salmonella accumulation within tumors. Niche-specific genes involved in preferential tumor colonization were identified and exemplars were confirmed by competitive infection assays. Our results show that the chemotaxis gene cheY and the motility genes motAB confer an advantage for colonization of Salmonella within orthotopic syngeneic breast tumors. In addition, eutC, a gene belonging to the ethanolamine metabolic pathway, also confers an advantage for Salmonella within tumors, perhaps by exploiting either ethanolamine or an alternative nutrient in the inflamed tumor environment.
Surface spectroscopic study of tungsten-alumina catalysts using x-ray photoelectron, ion scattering, and Raman spectroscopies (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface spectroscopic study of tungsten-alumina catalysts using x-ray photoelectron, ion scattering, and Raman spectroscopiesLawrence Salvati Jr., Leo E. Makovsky, J. M. Stencel, F. R. Brown, and David M. HerculesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1981, 85, 24, 3700–3707Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/j150624a035RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1457Altmetric-Citations332LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (992 KB) Get e-Alerts
Vα24-JαQ-Independent, CD1d-Restricted Recognition of α-Galactosylceramide by Human CD4+ and CD8αβ+ T Lymphocytes (2002)

Human CD1d molecules present an unknown ligand, mimicked by the synthetic glycosphingolipid alpha-galactosylceramide (alphaGC), to a highly conserved NKT cell subset expressing an invariant TCR Valpha24-JalphaQ paired with Vbeta11 chain (Valpha24(+)Vbeta11(+) invariant NK T cell (NKT(inv))). The developmental pathway of Valpha24(+)Vbeta11(+)NKT(inv) is still unclear, but recent studies in mice were consistent with a TCR instructive, rather than a stochastic, model of differentiation. Using CD1d-alphaGC-tetramers, we demonstrate that in humans, TCR variable domains other than Valpha24 and Vbeta11 can mediate specific recognition of CD1d-alphaGC. In contrast to Valpha24(+)Vbeta11(+)NKT(inv) cells, Valpha24(-)/CD1d-alphaGC-specific T cells express either CD8alphabeta or CD4 molecules, but they are never CD4 CD8 double negative. We show that CD8alphabeta(+)Valpha24(-)/CD1d-alphaGC-specific T cells exhibit CD8-dependent specific cytotoxicity and have lower affinity TCRs than Valpha24(+)/CD1d-alphaGC-specific T cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that, contrary to the currently held view, recognition of CD1d-alphaGC complex in humans is not uniformly restricted to the Valpha24-JalphaQ/Vbeta11 NKT cell subset, but can be mediated by a diverse range of Valpha and Vbeta domains. The existence of a diverse repertoire of CD1d-alphaGC-specific T cells in humans strongly supports their Ag-driven selection.
Importing quality higher educational resources through Chinese-foreign cooperation in running schools (2007)

Importing quality higher education resources is the core mission of Chinese-foreign joint initiative in higher education as well as the key to improve the level of the cooperation initiatives. The paper reviews the history and current situation of the introduction of quality higher education resources through Sino-foreign cooperation in running schools. It scrutinizes the whole process of importing quality higher education resources and analyzes the main problems in the process about quality evaluation, resources import, joint management and quality assurance mechanism. On this basis, the paper attempts to analyze the development trend of the process and provides some suggestions.
Iterative residual rescaling (2001)

We consider the problem of creating document representations in which inter-document similarity measurements correspond to semantic similarity. We first present a novelsubspace-basedframework for formalizing this task. Using this framework, we derive a new analysis ofLatent Semantic Indexing(LSI), showing a precise relationship between its performance and theuniformityof the underlying distribution of documents over topics. This analysis helps explain the improvements gained by Ando's (2000)Iterative Residual Rescaling(\ours) algorithm: \ours\ can compensate for distributional non-uniformity. A further benefit of our framework is that it provides a well-motivated, effective method for automatically determining the rescaling factor \ours\ depends on, leading to further improvements. A series of experiments over various settings and with several evaluation metrics validates our claims.
Dried leaves of <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> as a treatment for streptococcosis in tilapia (2010)

Dietary application of dried Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) leaves as a treatment for streptococcal infection was studied in tilapia, Oreochromis sp. Feeding with dried rosemary leaves significantly reduced mortality following infection with Streptococcus iniae: 44% mortality in the group fed 8% rosemary, similar to oxytetracycline treatment (43% mortality), and significantly lower than the control (65%). Dietary administration of 16% rosemary significantly reduced mortality because of Streptococcus agalactiae infection in 44 g fish (62% and 76% in 16% rosemary and control, respectively), but not in a similar experiment conducted with 5.5 g fish. The antibacterial effect of rosemary on S. iniae was studied. Activity of rosemary cultivar Israel was reduced during the winter, but there was no significant change in cultivars Oranit and Star. Storage of powdered rosemary leaves at 50 degrees C resulted in fourfold and eightfold higher MIC(24 h) values after 3 and 4.5 months, respectively. Storage at -20 degrees C, 4 degrees C and 25 degrees C and autoclaving (120 degrees C) each resulted in a twofold increase in MIC(24 h). Repeated exposures of S. iniae to rosemary did not affect minimal inhibitory concentration, suggesting no development of resistance to rosemary.
A Design Of Array Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coil System (2012)

This research proposed a new design of helmet-shaped array transcranial magnetic stimulation coil system. It was constructed using several sagittal directional wires and several coronal directional wires. By varying the current direction and strength on each wire, this array coil system could be constructed into the circular coil and figure-eight coil of different size. Also, this proposed coil system can flexibly not only change the stimulation location, range, type and strength, but also change the shape and the channel number of coil dynamically.