gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
METAL COMPLEXES OF<i>N, N, N', N'</i>-TETRAKIS-(<i>n</i>-PROPYL)-1,2-PHENYLENEDIOXYDIACETAMIDE AND RELATED LIGANDS (1981)

Abstract N, N, N', N'-Tetrakis-(n-propyl)-1,2-phenylenedioxydiacetamide and related ligands with four binding sites have been shown to selectively complex Group IIA cations in solution via liquid membrane, picrate extraction, and UV spectroscopic techniques. The formation and partial characterization of crystalline complexes of these ligands with various salts of Group IIA, transition metal and rare earth cations is reported. The complexes were characterized by IR and UV spectroscopy, molar electrolytic conductance, elemental analysis, and (in several cases) single crystal X-ray analysis. The accumulated evidence suggests that [L2M]2+[MX4]2- (X = Cl, Br, SCN), [L2M]2+2X− (X = Cl, Br, SCN, BF4, ClO4) or [LM]2+2X− (X = Cl, Br, SCN) complexes are formed. The [L2M]2+ complexes are eight-coordinate in some cases. Thus these ligands can vary their stoichiometry of complexation depending upon the cation and anion involved. Trans-N, N, N', N,-tetrakis-(n-propyl)-1, 2-cyclohexanedioxydiacetamide reacts with MnBr2 to form a [L2Mn]2+]MnBr4]2- complex which is the first example of a structurally characterized molecule corresponding to a McCasland-type diastereomer (CA+A+A−A−), i.e. a substance whose optical inactivity can be attributed to fourfold alternating axial molecular symmetry.
The status of gene therapy for brain tumors (2007)

The advent of gene therapy in the early 1990's raised expectations for brain tumor therapies; however, whereas clinical trials in patients with malignant gliomas provided evidence of safety, therapeutic benefit was not convincing. These early forays resembled the historical introductions of other therapies that seemed promising, only to fail in human trials. Nevertheless, re-study in the laboratory and retesting in iterative laboratory-clinic processes enabled therapies with strong biological rationales to ultimately show evidence of success in humans and become accepted. Examples, such as organ transplantation, monoclonal antibody therapy and antiangiogenic therapy, provide solace that a strategy's initial lack of success in humans provides an opportunity for its further refinement in the laboratory and development of solutions that will translate into patient success stories. The authors herein summarize results from clinical trials of gene therapy for malignant gliomas, and discuss the influence of these results on present thought in preclinical research.
Preferential induction of apoptotic cell death in melanoma cells as compared with normal keratinocytes using a non-thermal plasma torch (2012)

Selective induction of apoptosis in melanoma cells is optimal for therapeutic development. To achieve this goal, a non-thermal helium plasma torch was modified for use on cultured cells in a temperature-controlled environment. Melanoma cells were targeted with this torch (1) in parallel cultures with keratinocytes, (2) in co-culture with keratinocytes and (3) in a soft agar matrix. Melanoma cells displayed high sensitivity to reactive oxygen species generated by the torch and showed a 6-fold increase in cell death compared with keratinocytes. The extent of cell death was compared between melanoma cells and normal human keratinocytes in both short-term (5 min) co-culture experiments and longer assessments of apoptotic cell death (18-24 h). Following a 10 sec plasma exposure there was a 4.9-fold increase in the cell death of melanoma vs. keratinocytes as measured after 24 h at the target site of the plasma beam. When the treatment time was increased to 30 sec, a 98% cell death was reported for melanoma cells, which was 6-fold greater than the extent of cell death in keratinocytes. Our observations further indicate that this preferential cell death is largely due to apoptosis.. In addition, we report that this non-thermal plasma torch kills melanoma cells growing in soft agar, suggesting that the plasma torch is capable of inducing melanoma cell death in 3D settings. We demonstrate that the presence of gap junctions may increase the area of cell death, likely due to the "bystander effect" of passing apoptotic signals between cells. Our findings provide a basis for further development of this non-invasive plasma torch as a potential treatment for melanoma.
A novel electro-optic diffraction deflector (1975)

New developments of the electro-optic light deflector using total internal reflection of the light are given. By arranging the electrodes in the manner described it has been possible to deflect over 80% of the transmitted light from the zero to either of the first orders. The arrangement is ideally suited for further miniaturization and it is anticipated that switching between the orders will eventually be possible with an applied voltage of only a few volts. Suitable applications include beam steering, multi-stage deflectors and information processing.
8 THz bandwidth dispersion-slope compensatormodule for multiband 40 Gbit/s WDMtransmission systems using an AWG and spatialphase filter (2001)

The authors demonstrate a 2 × 40-channel dispersion-slope compensator for 40 Gbit/s wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) transmission systems that employs an arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) with a 4.0 THz bandwidth and a spatial phase filter. It can compensate for the dispersion slope of the entire bandwidth of C- and L-bands simultaneously.
Operative technique for safe pulmonary lobectomy in Sprague-Dawley rats. (2002)

To perform safe and effective animal surgery, it is essential to follow a well- disciplined approach. We recently have embarked on a variety of wound-healing studies that involve multiple operative techniques including thoracotomy with lobectomy. Such procedures require specific attention to effective anesthesia and ventilation as well as a structured and safe approach to the actual procedure. We have developed operative techniques for thoracotomy and pulmonary lobectomy that limit animal morbidity and mortality. Using general anesthesia, we safely and effectively completed right thoracotomy and pulmonary lobectomy in 51 of the 54 (>94%) of the Sprague-Dawley rats that were our subjects. We effectively ventilated the animals with inhalation anesthesia, avoiding the need for endotracheal intubation. The three mortalities occurred during early experiments and were attributable to easily identified technical errors. Our animals did not experience postoperative respiratory complications. Postoperative recovery was excellent, and no appreciable postoperative morbidity was encountered.
Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Parkinson's disease - a systematic review (2016)

Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) relies on clinical history and physical examination, but misdiagnosis is common in early stages. Identification of biomarkers for PD may allow early and more precise diagnosis and monitoring of dopamine replacement strategies and disease modifying treatments. Developments in analytical chemistry allow the detection of large numbers of molecules in plasma or cerebrospinal fluid, associated with the pathophysiology or pathogenesis of PD. This systematic review includes cerebrospinal fluid biomarker studies focusing on different disease pathways: oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, lysosomal dysfunction and proteins involved in PD and other neurodegenerative disorders, focusing on four clinical domains: their ability to (1) distinguish PD from healthy subjects and other neurodegenerative disorders as well as their relation to (2) disease duration after initial diagnosis, (3) severity of disease (motor symptoms) and (4) cognitive dysfunction. Oligomeric alpha-synuclein might be helpful in the separation of PD from controls. Through metabolomics, changes in purine and tryptophan metabolism have been discovered in patients with PD. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) has a significant role in distinguishing PD from other neurodegenerative diseases. Several oxidative stress markers are related to disease severity, with the antioxidant urate also having a prognostic value in terms of disease severity. Increased levels of amyloid and tau-proteins correlate with cognitive decline and may have prognostic value for cognitive deficits in PD. In the future, larger longitudinal studies, corroborating previous research on viable biomarker candidates or using metabolomics identifying a vast amount of potential biomarkers, could be a good approach.
Role of NK Cells in Immunotherapy and Virotherapy of Solid Tumors (2015)

Although natural killer (NK) cells are endowed with powerful cytolytic activity against cancer cells, their role in different therapies against solid tumors has not yet been fully elucidated. Their interactions with various elements of the tumor microenvironment as well as their possible effects in contributing to and/or limiting oncolytic virotherapy render this potential immunotherapeutic tool still difficult to exploit at the bedside. Here, we will review the current literature with the aim of providing new hints to manage this powerful cell type in future innovative therapies, such as the use of NK cells in combination with new cytokines, specific mAbs (inducing ADCC), Tyr-Kinase inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs and/or the design of oncolytic viruses aimed at optimizing the effect of NK cells in virotherapy.
A General Protocol for the Solvent- and Catalyst-Free Synthesis of 2-Styrylquinolines under Focused Microwave Irradiation (2011)

Focused microwave irradiation promoted the very efficient synthesis of 2-styrylquinolines by reaction between quinaldines and benzaldehydes or cinnamaldehydes in the presence of acetic anhydride.
Topics in research (2012)

An understanding of the limitations of RCTs is important. It is important that clinicians and researchers understand the need for alternative trial design and how and when to use them.
Removal of Facial Soft Tissue Ptosis With Special Threads (2002)

Lifting facial tissues using APTOS threads is simple, constructive, and time-saving. It avoids scars and the need for implants.
Biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in lower eukaryotes (2006)

Polyunsaturated fatty acids have important structural roles in cell membranes. They are also intermediates in the synthesis of biologically active molecules such as eicosanoids, which mediate fever, inflammation, blood pressure and neurotransmission. Arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids are essential components of brain tissues and, through their involvement in the development of neural and retinal functions, important dietary nutrients for neonatal babies. Lower eukaryotes are particularly rich in C20-22 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Fungi and marine microalgae are currently used to produce nutraceutic oils. Other protists and algae are being studied because of the variability in their enzymes involved in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Such enzymes could be used as source for the production of transgenic organisms able to synthesize designed oils for human diet or, in the case of parasitic protozoa, they might be identified as putative chemotherapeutic targets. Polyunsaturated fatty acids can be synthesized by two different pathways: an anaerobic one, by using polyketide synthase related enzymes, and an aerobic one, which involves the action of elongases and oxygen dependent desaturases. Desaturases can be classified into three main types, depending on which of the consecutive steps of polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis they are involved with. The enzymes may be specialized to act on: saturated substrates (type I); mono- and di-unsaturated fatty acids by introducing additional double bonds at the methyl-end site of the existing double bonds (type II); or the carboxy half ('front-end') of polyunsaturated ones (type III). Type III desaturases require the alternating action of elongases. A description of the enzymes that have been isolated and functionally characterized is provided, in order to highlight the different pathways found in lower eukaryotes.
Diffuse axonal injury and traumatic coma in the primate (1982)

Traumatic coma was produced in 45 monkeys by accelerating the head without impact in one of three directions. The duration of coma, degree of neurological impairment, and amount of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) in the brain were directly related to the amount of coronal head motion used. Coma of less than 15 minutes (concussion) occurred in 11 of 13 animals subjected to sagittal head motion, in 2 of 6 animals with oblique head motion, and in 2 of 26 animals with full lateral head motion. All 15 concussioned animals had good recovery, and none had DAI. Conversely, coma lasting more than 6 hours occurred in one of the sagittal or oblique injury groups but was present in 20 of the laterally injured animals, all of which were severely disabled afterward. All laterally injured animals had a degree of DAI similar to that found in severe human head injury. Coma lasting 16 minutes to 6 hours occurred in 2 of 13 of the sagittal group, 4 of 6 in the oblique group, and 4 of 26 in the lateral group, these animals had less neurological disability and less DAI than when coma lasted longer than 6 hours. These experimental findings duplicate the spectrum of traumatic coma seen in human beings and include axonal damage identical to that seen in sever head injury in humans. Since the amount of DAI was directly proportional to the severity of injury (duration of coma and quality of outcome), we conclude that axonal damage produced by coronal head acceleration is a major cause of prolonged traumatic coma and its sequelae.
Effect of Species Variation and Processing on Phenolic Composition and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Aqueous Extracts of<i>Cyclopia</i>spp. (Honeybush Tea) (2008)

The in vitro antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts prepared from four Cyclopia spp. (unfermented and fermented) was assessed using radical (ABTS *+) scavenging, ferric ion reduction, and inhibition of Fe2+-induced microsomal lipid peroxidation as criteria. Aqueous extracts of unfermented and fermented Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) and Camellia sinensis teas (green, oolong, and black) were included as reference samples. Qualitative and quantitative differences in phenolic composition were demonstrated for the Cyclopia spp. The xanthone glycoside, a.k.a. mangiferin, was the major monomeric polyphenol present in the Cyclopia extracts, with both unfermented and fermented C. genistoides extracts containing the highest quantities. Fermentation resulted in a significant reduction in extract yields and their total polyphenolic and individual polyphenol contents. Unfermented plant material should preferentially be used for preparation of extracts, as fermentation significantly ( P < 0.05) lowered antioxidant activity of all species, except in the case of C. genistoides, where the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation was not affected. Unfermented plant material also retained the highest concentration of mangiferin. Overall, extracts of unfermented Cyclopia were either of similar or lower antioxidant activity as compared to the other teas. However, the presence of high levels of mangiferin merits the use of Cyclopia spp. and, in particular, C. genistoides, as an alternative herbal tea and potential dietary supplement.
Reductive homologation of carbon monoxide to a ketenecarboxylate by a low-valent organolanthanide complex: synthesis and x-ray crystal structure of [(C5Me5)4Sm2(O2CCCO)(THF)]2 (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReductive homologation of carbon monoxide to a ketenecarboxylate by a low-valent organolanthanide complex: synthesis and x-ray crystal structure of [(C5Me5)4Sm2(O2CCCO)(THF)]2William J. Evans, Jay W. Grate, Laura A. Hughes, Hongming Zhang, and Jerry L. AtwoodCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 12, 3728–3730Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00298a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00298a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views821Altmetric-Citations175LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Extreme Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in Acidic Pit Lakes Provoked by Water/Rock Interaction (2014)

We quantify the gas pressure and concentration of a gas-charged acidic pit lake in SW Spain. We measured total dissolved gas pressure, carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, major ion concentration, isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ(13)C(DIC)), and other physicochemical parameters. CO2 is the dominant dissolved gas in this lake and results mainly from carbonate dissolution during the interaction of acidic water with wall rocks, followed by diffusive and advective transport through the water column. The δ(13)C(DIC) values suggest that the biological contribution is comparatively small. Maximum CO2 concentrations higher than 0.1 M (∼5000 mg/L) have been measured, which are only comparable to those found in volcanic crater lakes. The corresponding gas pressures of CO2 alone (pCO2 ∼3.6 bar) imply 60% saturation relative to local pressure at 50 m depth. High CO2 concentrations have been observed in other pit lakes of the region. We recommend gas-specific monitoring in acidic pit lakes and, if necessary, the design of feasible degassing strategies.
Evidence for the role of oxidative stress in acute ischemic heart disease: a brief review. (1999)

Oxidative stress due to the formation of hydrogen peroxide leading to lipid peroxidation and sulfhydryl group oxidation during ischemia-reperfusion seems to be one of the mechanisms that may produce membrane defects and result in intracellular calcium overload and cardiac contractile dysfunction in the stunned myocardium.
Integrated Management of Two-spotted Spider Mite<i>Tetranychus urticae</i>on Hops using Hop ß-acids as an Antifeedant Together with the Predatory Mite<i>Phytoseiulus persimilis</i> (2003)

The effects on population development of two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae by sprays of hop β-acids, a repellent and antifeedant of T. urticae, together with an inoculative release of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis were compared on tall and dwarf hops. The combination of the semiochemical with the predator was more effective than either factor singly on both hop types. The highest numbers of spider mites and their eggs were recorded on untreated plots. The sprays of β-acids slowed the rate of increase of the pest and contributed more to the effect of the combined treatment early in the season when the predator was establishing itself on the crop. By harvest time, the predator was the more influential of the two factors.
<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>Antigen Test Using Positive Blood Culture Bottles as an Alternative Method To Diagnose Pneumococcal Bacteremia (2005)

Recovery of Streptococcus pneumoniae from positive blood culture bottles may be difficult due to autolysis of pneumococci. Therefore, we evaluated the performance of the Binax NOW S. pneumoniae antigen test with samples from positive blood culture bottles and defined the duration of detectable pneumococcal antigen in these bottles. Use of the S. pneumoniae antigen test is an alternative method for identifying S. pneumoniae from positive blood culture bottles and may enable a diagnosis of pneumococcal bacteremia despite negative subcultures.
Practical Considerations of the FTT Device for Fabric Comfort Evaluation (2018)

The Fabric Touch Tester (FTT) is a device used to measure fabric handle properties. Since the device is considerably new in the market, no standard is available for now and the only reference for users is the brief guidelines by the manufacturer. Having done the experiments for more than 100 types of samples on FTT, the gathered experiences are reported in this paper including the handling of the device, possible analysis to be performed with the FTT data and other possible tests on fabric comfort related matters. We found that extensive care is needed to verify the accuracy of the device sensors, reference samples must be acquired, and a different test setup is required. The default comfort models also must be controlled using panel testing when testing new types of fabrics, and replaced with own models if needed. Apart from these, the FTT is a very useful addition towards fast and reliable comfort testing.
Regulation of <i>α</i>7‐nicotinic receptor subunit and <i>α</i>7‐like gene expression in the prefrontal cortex of patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia (2006)

This correlation is driven by the bipolar group (r = 0.43; P = 0.009), and is absent in schizophrenia and unaffected controls, suggesting an alteration in the CHRNA7:CHRFAM7A ratio in bipolar disorder.
Contraction of Cold Rolled Austenitic Stainless Steels during Annealing at Low Temperature (1995)

Austenitic stainless steel has good corrosion resistance because of its high chromium content. Moreover, it can be hardened significantly by cold-working, though it is not hardened by heat treatment. Cold rolled austenitic stainless steel is, therefore, widely applied in spring parts, transportation equipment, architectural materials and so on. However, this cold rolled austenitic stainless steel has the peculiar behavior during annealing at low temperature which is not observed in annealed stainless steel. (1)It contracts significantly parallel to the rolling direction during annealing without load. (2)Creep occurs at low stress below the proof strength. To study the mechanism of contraction, the effect of stability of austenite, hardness and martensite induced plasticity on contraction were investigated, and 30% reduced austenitic stainless steel was found to contract by 317×10-4 during annealing. Contraction is considered to be connected with ε-martensite and stress relaxation.