gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alteration of eating behaviors in patients with Parkinson's disease: Possibly overlooked? (2008)

Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) occasionally show food cravings and/or compulsive eating that result in significant, undesired weight gain. Dopamine replacement therapy may be the cause of this type of eating disorder. We evaluated 60 consecutive patients to see if they had any alteration of eating patterns after starting levodopa. Among them, five (8.3%) patients exhibited characteristic alterations of food preference following the start of dopamine replacement therapy. One patient showed an undesirable weight gain. Of the five patients exhibiting food preference alterations, all showed increased preference to consume sweet snacks, although this alteration was not always associated with hyperphagia (eating too much). This type of dietary alteration was not related to a specific antiparkinsonian drug, and could be observed in patients undergoing dopamine agonist monotherapy. Alteration of eating behavior may not be uncommon in PD patients, and is possibly overlooked. Since dopamine is closely involved in acquisition of food preferences, dietary changes with/without compulsive eating may be a manifestation of an alteration of appetitive behaviors due to excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission.
Hematopoietic Stem Cells Give Rise to Perivascular Endothelial-like Cells During Brain Tumor Angiogenesis (2005)

Bone marrow (BM) cells have recently been shown to give rise to skeletal, hepatic, cardiac, neural, and vascular endothelial tissues. However, it has been shown that this is the result of cell fusion rather than transdifferentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). For this study, we established a mouse model of brain tumor growth to investigate the differentiation potential of HSC into endothelial cells during brain tumor-induced angiogenesis. Nontransgenic (GFP(neg)) recipient mice were lethally irradiated, and their hematopoietic cells were subsequently repopulated by transplantation of a single green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing HSC. Rat glioma (RT-2/RAG) cells were then injected into the striatum of the chimeric mice 6-8 weeks post-transplantation. The animals were sacrificed 3-9 days after tumor implantation, and the mobilization, temporal-spatial distribution, and lineage-specific marker expression profile of the GFP(+) cells within the growing tumor were analyzed. We saw that GFP(+) cells gave rise to elongated, CD34(+)/Flk-1(+) cells that incorporated into the endothelium of tumor blood vessels. However, all GFP(+) cells were also CD45(+), and the presence of CD45 on the HSC-derived endothelial-like cells supports the hypothesis that the hematopoietic cells were recruited into the tumor milieu. The fact that we failed to demonstrate the expression of von Willebrand factor in these cells argues against a true endothelial identity. Nevertheless, the recruitment of HSC-derived endothelial-like cells was an extremely rare event in normal brain parenchyma, and, thus, the permissive influence afforded by the growing tumor appeared to enhance the perivascular tropism and acquisition of an endothelial phenotypes by a population of HSC-derived cells.
Machine learning-based dynamic frequency and bandwidth allocation in self-organized LTE dense small cell deployments (2016)

Self-organizing networks (SONs) are expected to minimize operational and capital expenditure of the operators while improving the end users’ quality of experience. To achieve these goals, the SON solutions are expected to learn from the environment and to be able to dynamically adapt to it. In this work, we propose a learning-based approach for self-optimization in SON deployments. In the proposed approach, the learning capability has the central role to perform the estimation of key performance indicators (KPIs) which are then exploited for the selection of the optimal network configuration. We apply this approach to the use case of dynamic frequency and bandwidth assignments (DFBA) in long-term evolution (LTE) residential small cell network deployments. For the implementation of the learning capability and the estimation of KPIs, we select and investigate various machine learning and statistical regression techniques. We provide a comprehensive analysis and comparison of these techniques evaluating the different factors that can influence the accuracy of the KPI predictions and consequently the performance of the network. Finally, we evaluate the performance of learning-based DFBA solution and compare it with the legacy approach and against an optimal exhaustive search for best configuration. The results show that the learning-based DFBA achieves on average a performance improvement of 33 % over approaches that are based on analytical models, reaching 95 % of the optimal network performance while leveraging just a small number of network measurements.
Chemical modification of hydrogenated diamond surface using benzoyl peroxides (2002)

The chemical reaction of a hydrogenated diamond surface with the radical initiator benzoyl peroxide was performed in order to investigate the reactivity of the diamond surface. It was found that the hydrogen atoms on the diamond surface are abstracted by the radical species generated from benzoyl peroxide. The reaction rate was calculated from the experimental data. The hydrogen abstracted diamond surface reacts with radical species generated from the benzoyl peroxide, not with the solvent.
<scp>DNA</scp> Topoisomerase Targeting Drugs (2017)

Overview DNA topoisomerase targeting drugs are widely used in the treatment of multiple cancers. These drugs act by generating topoisomerase‐linked DNA breaks and by blocking the religation of the cleavage complexes. Although topoisomerase targeting drugs have a wide spectrum of activity, structural, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic characteristics somewhat limit their efficacy and safety. To circumvent these limitations and to further exploit its activity, newer inhibitors‐ including novel formulations and those that achieve targeted delivery‐ are being developed. Recently described mechanisms that underlie cellular sensitivity to these agents will enable us to predict the activity of topoisomerase targeting drugs and to precisely select patients who are most likely to benefit. Understanding the genetic variants in drug metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and other proteins that influence the pharmacology of these drugs will allow for further individualizing the use of these drugs.
Ink-Jet Printing System--An Analytical Computer Model (1976)

An analytical computer model of an ink jet printing system was created. Based upon the values of 13 input parameters, the program delivers predictions of the forces acting on individual drops and their resulting dynamic behavior. Predictions of drop displacements and flight times were used to infer drop pattern appearance resulting from a given input signal. The computer model was based upon theoretical work plus extensive empirical measurements. Drop behavior was predicted with modest accuracy. An improved understanding of ink jet printing systems and numerous recommendations for their use were also derived in this study.
Novel antigens for enterotoxigenic<i>Escherichia coli</i>vaccines (2014)

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are the most common bacterial pathogens causing diarrhea in developing countries where they lead to hundreds of thousands of deaths, mostly in children. These organisms are a leading cause of diarrheal illness in travelers to endemic countries. ETEC pathogenesis, and consequently vaccine approaches, have largely focused on plasmid-encoded enterotoxins or fimbrial colonization factors. To date these approaches have not yielded a broadly protective vaccine. However, recent studies suggest that ETEC pathogenesis is more complex than previously appreciated and involves additional plasmid and chromosomally encoded virulence molecules that can be targeted in vaccines. Here, we review recent novel antigen discovery efforts, potential contribution of these proteins to the molecular pathogenesis of ETEC and protective immunity, and the potential implications for development of next generation vaccines for important pathogens. These proteins may help to improve the effectiveness of future vaccines by making them simpler and possibly broadly protective because of their conserved nature.
Pulmonary disease in patients with Marfan syndrome. (1984)

Hospital case notes and chest radiographs of 100 patients with Marfan syndrome were investigated for evidence of pulmonary disease. The criteria for inclusion of details of a given patient in the study were the occurrence of Marfan abnormalities in at least two separate body systems (skeletal, cardiovascular, ocular) or in one body system where there was a family history of a classically affected first degree relative. Selection of cases was biased towards those with cardiorespiratory problems by virtue of the hospitals from which the patients were drawn. Forty eight patients underwent cardiac surgery. Eleven patients had a history of spontaneous pneumothorax, which had been recurrent in 10 cases and bilateral in six. Eight had had pneumonia or excessively frequent respiratory infections and two had bronchiectasis. Chest radiographs showed emphysematous bullae in five, upper lobe fibrosis in four, and aspergilloma in two. The cases reviewed together with other published evidence suggest that spontaneous pneumothorax and bullae are causally related to Marfan syndrome. The presence of idiopathic upper lobe fibrosis in four Marfan patients is interesting but provides insufficient evidence to assess possible causality.
Editor (1987)

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Low-noise preamplifier for capacitive sensors (1995)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1995.
Semisynthesis of horse heart cytochrome c analogues from two or three fragments. (1985)

Horse heart cytochrome c was cleaved with cyanogen bromide. The largest fragment, [Hse65]cytochrome c-(1-65)-pentahexacontapeptide lactone, was used in condensations involving four analogues of the complementary cytochrome c-(66-104)-nonatriacontapeptide. Two of the latter compounds were obtained from a semisynthesis starting with a partially protected fragment N epsilon 86-88,99,100-penta(methylsulfonylethyloxycarbonyl)cytochrome c-(81-104)-tetracosapeptide (also arising from a cyanogen bromide-mediated degradation) and analogues of the middle part, cytochrome c-(66-80)-pentadecapeptide, which were prepared by organochemical synthesis. Two other analogues of the cytochrome c-(66-104)-nonatriacontapeptide were prepared entirely by organochemical synthesis. Each of the covalently recombined analogous cytochromes c could retain an electron in the presence of oxygen and transfer it to cytochrome c oxidase, although with different reaction rates and Michaelis constants. Their redox potentials varied over a broad range. The exchanges Tyr67----Phe(F) and Thr78----Val gave rise to analogues with a lower redox potential than native cytochrome c, while the exchange Phe82----Leu or Tyr97----Leu led to analogues with the same and a higher redox potential, respectively.
Initial evaluation of prospective cardiac triggering using photoplethysmography signals recorded with a video camera compared to pulse oximetry and electrocardiography at 7T MRI (2016)

We conclude that cardiac triggering using the proposed method is technically feasible. However, for improved reliability the signal-to-noise ratio of the videos will have to be addressed by either replacing the camera sensor, improving the illumination, or by use of additional signal filtering techniques.
Lamb mode conversion in a plate with a delamination (2004)

A theoretical study of Lamb mode propagation through a part of a plate containing a finite-length, delamination parallel with the surface is presented. In the delamination boundary region, which is taken parallel with the free plate surface, noncontact boundary conditions are assumed. The calculation is based on a modal decomposition method. As a result of diffraction on a delamination the incident Lamb mode is efficiently converted into Lamb modes with wave numbers close to the wave number of incident mode. The transmission coefficient of a Rayleigh wave incident on a delamination located near the surface has an oscillating dependence on the delamination parameters and has a pronounced minimum where there is a strong conversion into transmitted Lamb modes. Inversely, using the method of phase conjugation, a proper incident Lamb mode combination can be efficiently converted into a single transmitted Lamb or Rayleigh wave.
On the Use of Small Microphone Arrays for Wave Field Synthesis Auralization (2012)

The synthesis of a captured sound field with preservation of its perceptual properties is called auralization. Data-based Wave Field Synthesis (WFS) auralization makes use of a set of measured impulse responses along an array of microphone positions. However, a considerable array size must be employed for having an appropriate angular resolution. In this paper, we explore the possibilities of time-frequency analysis for WFS auralization using the signals acquired from an array of closely-spaced microphones. The aim is to reproduce in WFS a sound scene captured by a small microphone array, while preserving the spatial impression of the original sound. To this end, time-frequency Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) estimates are used to obtain a set of directional audio components extracted from the recorded microphone signals. These components are later synthesized as spatially distributed plane waves using WFS. Additionally, high-power components are synthesized as point sources to improve localization stability for multiple listeners or when listeners move inside the listening area. 1.
Strict minimizers for geometric optimization (2014)

We introduce the idea of strict minimizers for geometric distortion measures used in shape interpolation, deformation, parametrization, and other applications involving geometric mappings. The L ∞ -norm ensures the tightest possible control on the worst-case distortion. Unfortunately, it does not yield a unique solution and does not distinguish between solutions with high or low distortion below the maximum. The strict minimizer is a minimal L ∞ -norm solution, which always prioritizes higher distortion reduction. We propose practical algorithms for computing strict minimizers. We also offer an efficient algorithm for L ∞ optimization based on the ARAP energy. This algorithm can be used on its own or as a building block for an ARAP strict minimizer. We demonstrate that these algorithms lead to significant improvements in quality.
Enantioselective Syntheses of Key A-ring Precursors of 1α, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> and Analogues (1999)

A practical synthesis of (3S,5R) oct-1-en-7-yne-3,5-diol derivatives 7 involving a catalytic enantioselective aldol reaction is described. Also a new synthesis of (3S,5R) non-1-en-7-yne-3,5,9-triol derivatives 3, starting from (2S,4S)-1,2 : 4,5-diepoxy-pentane 2 is reported.
Time-redundant multiple computation for fault-tolerant digital neural networks (2002)

In mission-critical applications of artificial neural networks, error correction at the architectural level is often mandatory to guarantee consistency and reliability of the network's outputs. Time redundancy allows for fault tolerance with low circuit complexity overhead. In this paper, the application REcomputing with Triplication With Voting (RETWV) at the system level is proposed for concurrent error correction in neural networks. Feed-forward multi-layered neural networks are considered as an example, but the proposed technique can be easily extended to different neural paradigms.
A fuzzy classifier based on correlation matrix memories (2009)

This paper describes a binary neural network classifier that is able to make decisions based on fuzzy relational rule sets. Rule sets are extracted from a training data set and stored in a Correlation Matrix Memory (CMM). Such a classifier has many advantages including suitability for hardware implementations, fast matching, handling of missing or erroneous data and online learning. The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the suitability of the AURA library for building CMMs that perform fuzzy operations.
Assessment of a chromogenic calix[4]arene for the rapid colorimetric detection of trimethylamine (1994)

A calix[4]arene bearing nitrophenylazophenol chromogenic moieties when complexed with lithium has been synthesized and examined as a visual indicator for the presence of gaseous amines such as trimethylamine (TMA). The complexed calixarene has been immobilised onto filter paper and found to undergo a dramatic colour change from yellow to red in the presence of gaseous TMA at concentrations above 20 ppb in under 2 min. The intensity of the colour produced is TMA-concentration dependent.
Excited-State Structure Determination of the Green Fluorescent Protein Chromophore (2005)

Ultrafast polarization-sensitive infrared (IR) spectroscopy of the C=O stretching mode of the chromophore of the green fluorescent protein reveals a near complete twisting around the ethylenic bridge between the phenolate and imidazolidinone groups upon electronic excitation, hinting at a decisive role of this motion in the efficient internal conversion process.
New oxetane-type taxanes from Taxus wallichiana Zucc. (1993)

The needles of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. gave the novel oxetane-type taxane diterpenoids 2 and 5, whose structures have been established on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical reactions. The acidcatalysed rearrangement of 10-deacetylbaccatin III has been investigated.
Pressure-induced phase transitions in MO<sub>8</sub>O<sub>23</sub> (1994)

Abstract The variation of lattice parameters with pressure was studied on single-crystals of Mo8O23 up to 6.03(7) GPa by X-ray diffraction methods. The crystal, which at ambient conditions has an incommensurately modulated phase with superspace group is highly compressible, with a lock-in phase transition to a commensurate superstructure below 0.94(7) GPa and a reversible first-order phase transition between 1.40(7) and 1.77(7) GPa. The compressibility of the high-pressure phase results in an anisotropic crystal with lattice parameters a and β only slightly changing with pressure contrary to the much more varying b and c. The high-pressure behaviour of both Mo8O23 phases can qualitatively be described by different rotations of the MoO6 octahedra leading to higher 0–0 coordination numbers and therewith to denser packings of oxygen atoms.
The vibrating string controversy (1987)

In the mid-1700s a debate raged between Jean d’Alembert, Leonhard Euler, and Daniel Bernoulli concerning the proper solution to the classical wave equation. This controversy was partially solved by Lagrange and, more conclusively, by Fourier (50 years later) and it provides an interesting case study for the role of mathematics in the modeling of physical phenomena. Of particular note in this debate, was the meaning of boundary conditions. The controversy is summarized from the point of view of this mathematical physics perspective.
Relationship between a novel polymorphism of lipoprotein lipase gene and coronary heart disease. (2002)

No direct association was found between the LPL Arg192-->Gln substitution polymorphism and CHD, but there is a significant positive correlation between the A/A genotype of the LPL gene and CHD associated with high triglyceride/lowed high density lipoprotein cholesterol. This study may provide new data for exploring the molecular mechanism of CHD.
TCP performance analysis in wireless transmission using AMC (2004)

We have analyzed the performance of TCP in the CDMA mobile communications systems with the adaptive modulation and coding (AMC). An embedded Markov chain has been formulated and the system throughput has been derived. The wireless channel using AMC is characterized with not high error rate but highly varying bandwidth. Due to time-varying bandwidth, timeout events of TCP occurs more frequently, which leads to the throughput degradation. Since our system model is characterized by the forward link high speed data transmission using AMC, the results reported in this paper can be used as a guideline for the design and operation of HSDPA, 1xEV-DO, and 1xEV-DV.
A thermopneumatically actuated microvalve for liquid expansion and proportional control (2002)

The analysis, design, fabrication, and testing of a thermopneumatic expansion valve to control single-phase and two-phase flow of liquids is described. The valve is normally open, and shuts off flow with low power consumption, below 0.5 watt, reducing the power consumption of earlier thermopneumatic designs by a factor of ten. The device has been applied as an expansion valve to the problem of proportional control of refrigerants. Differential pressures of 140 psid (/spl sim/1 MPa) are sustained across the valve. Flow rates up to 10 gm/sec for the refrigerant R-134a have been demonstrated.
7,12-Dimethylbenz(<i>a</i>)Anthracene Treatment of a c-<i>rel</i> Mouse Mammary Tumor Cell Line Induces Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition via Activation of Nuclear Factor-κB (2006)

The aberrant expression of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) c-Rel subunit that occurs in many human breast cancers can play a causal role in tumorigenesis as judged by findings with a mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-c-rel transgenic mouse model, in which 31.6% of mice developed one or more mammary tumors after a long latency. Interestingly, none of the cell lines established from the mammary tumors grew in soft agar. To begin to test the hypothesis that a prototypic carcinogen insult can promote a more invasive, mesenchymal phenotype, a cell line established from a MMTV-c-rel mammary tumor rel-3983 was treated in culture with the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA; rel-3983D cells) or DMSO vehicle (rel-3983V cells). Rel-3983D cells displayed an increased rate of proliferation, displayed growth to a higher cell density, and acquired the ability to grow in soft agar and in Matrigel compared with the parental rel-3983 or vehicle-treated rel-3983V cells. Consistent with a more mesenchymal phenotype, rel-3983D cells showed loss of E-cadherin expression as judged by immunofluorescence microscopy. Compared with control cells, rel-3983D displayed increased NF-kappaB binding and higher levels of the NF-kappaB transactivating subunits c-Rel, RelA, and RelB, which seemed functional as judged by induction of c-Myc and vimentin, products of two NF-kappaB target genes. Ectopic expression of a super repressor mutant of IkappaB-alpha reduced rel-3983D cell growth and invasive morphology in Matrigel, confirming the role of NF-kappaB in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Thus, DMBA treatment of c-Rel-transformed mammary tumor cells in culture is shown here for the first time to result in EMT via activation of NF-kappaB. The aberrant c-Rel expression present in most human breast cancers suggests that this mechanism may play an important role in carcinogenesis.