gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Silver ion coordination in membranes for facilitated olefin transport (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilver ion coordination in membranes for facilitated olefin transportMark R. Antonio and Dean T. TsouCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 2, 273–278Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00014a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00014a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views252Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Methotrexate for Psoriasis (1967)

Methotrexate is used for psoriasis by the majority of teaching services of dermatology in the United States. Three modes of administration were compared: small daily doses by mouth in interrupted schedules, single large weekly oral doses, and parenteral doses. All methods were effective and had toxicity, but the parenteral route showed the greatest toxicity. The drug is contraindicated in pregnancy, hematological disorders, peptic ulceration, and liver disease. Chromosomal breaks have been reported with greater frequency than normal. Renal clearance is vital. The drug should be considered only for very severe forms of psoriasis.
Clustering Product Features of Online Reviews Based on Nonnegative Matrix Tri-factorizations (2016)

Clustering product features is the essential task to mine opinions from unstructured online reviews because different customers usually express the same feature with different words or phrases. Several supervised and unsupervised methods have been applied to accomplish this task. In this paper, we propose an orthogonal nonnegative matrix tri-factorizations model to solve the problem. We first construct the feature-opinion relation matrix and two constraint matrixes (i.e., cannot-link and must-link) based on three assumptions, and then integrate those matrixes to construct the orthogonal nonnegative matrix tri-factorizations model. The proposed model takes feature-opinion pairwises into consideration, caters to the principle of mutual reinforcement, and clusters product features by incorporating the cannot-link and must-link constraints. We develop an optimization algorithm to solve the matrix factorization, and prove the correctness and convergence. Experimental results on real datasets show that the proposed method is valid.
Verification of four-dimensional photon dose calculations (2009)

Recent work in the area of thoracic treatment planning has been focused on trying to explicitly incorporate patient-specific organ motion in the calculation of dose. Four-dimensional (4D) dose calculation algorithms have been developed and incorporated in a research version of a commercial treatment planning system (Pinnacle3, Philips Medical Systems, Milpitas, CA). Before these 4D dose calculations can be used clinically, it is necessary to verify their accuracy with measurements. The primary purpose of this study therefore was to evaluate and validate the accuracy of a 4D dose calculation algorithm with phantom measurements. A secondary objective was to determine whether the performance of the 4D dose calculation algorithm varied between different motion patterns and treatment plans. Measurements were made using two phantoms: A rigid moving phantom and a deformable phantom. The rigid moving phantom consisted of an anthropomorphic thoracic phantom that rested on a programmable motion platform. The deformable phantom used the same anthropomorphic thoracic phantom with a deformable insert for one of the lungs. Two motion patterns were investigated for each phantom: A sinusoidal motion pattern and an irregular motion pattern extracted from a patient breathing profile. A single-beam plan, a multiple-beam plan, and an intensity-modulated radiation therapy plan were created. Doses were calculated in the treatment planning system using the 4D dose calculation algorithm. Then each plan was delivered to the phantoms and delivered doses were measured using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) and film. The measured doses were compared to the 4D-calculated doses using a measured-to-calculated TLD ratio and a gamma analysis. A relevant passing criteria (3% for the TLD and 5% /3 mm for the gamma metric) was applied to determine if the 4D dose calculations were accurate to within clinical standards. All the TLD measurements in both phantoms satisfied the passing criteria. Furthermore, 42 of the 48 evaluated films fulfilled the passing criteria. All films that did not pass the criteria were from the rigid phantom moving with irregular motion. The author concluded that if patient breathing is reproducible, the 4D dose calculations are accurate to within clinically acceptable standards. Furthermore, they found no statistically significant differences in the performance of the 4D dose calculation algorithm between treatment plans.
ChemInform Abstract: ORTHO‐METALLIERUNG VON BENZYLIDEN‐ANILIN, STRUKTUR VON C6H5‐N=CH‐C6H4MN(CO)4 (1972)

Abstract Benzyliden‐anilin (I) und Methyl‐mangan‐pentacarbonyl (II) bilden den Mangan‐Komplex (III) in 37%iger Ausbeute.
Preparation of Cyclopropane Analogues of the Natural AntibioticTAN 1057 A/B (2005)

Abstract The two new analogues 2 and 3 of the natural dipeptide antibiotic TAN 1057 A/B ( 1 ), both with cyclopropyl containing β‐amino acid side chains, were prepared. The synthesis of the corresponding β‐amino acids in appropriately protected form ( 4 ‐Z 3 and 5 ‐Z 2 , respectively) from the correspondingly protected (hydroxyethyl)‐ ( 7a ) and (hydroxymethyl)‐substituted cyclopropylideneacetate ( 7b ), prepared in two steps each from homoallyl and allyl benzyl ether, respectively, was achieved in nine and seven steps, respectively, with overall yields of 17 ( 4 ‐Z 3 ) and 9.3 % ( 5 ‐Z 2 ), respectively. Coupling with the N ‐methyldihydropyrimidinone 22 and deprotection gave the compounds 2 and 3 , which turned out to be active against methicillin resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus , albeit to a lesser extent than TAN 1057 itself. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Selection of Optical Glasses in Taylor Triplets (General Method) (1959)

A method for the choice of glasses in Taylor triplets, in which the glasses of the first and third lenses are different, is described. By using the conditions for total power, longitudinal chromatic aberration, Petzval sum, transverse chromatic aberration, and distribution of power between the first and third lenses, an equation for the power of the second lens in terms of the glass constants is derived. This equation forms the basis of the method, by which a glass combination is obtained giving a small power for the second lens. The length of the objective and the position of the diaphragm are taken into consideration during selection. A condition of distortion is also satisfied.
Mutations that increase expression of the rpoS gene and decrease its dependence on hfq function in Salmonella typhimurium (1997)

The RpoS transcription factor (also called sigmaS or sigma38) is required for the expression of a number of stationary-phase and osmotically inducible genes in enteric bacteria. RpoS is also a virulence factor for several pathogenic species, including Salmonella typhimurium. The activity of RpoS is regulated in response to many different signals, at the levels of both synthesis and proteolysis. Previous work with rpoS-lac protein fusions has suggested that translation of rpoS requires hfq function. The product of the hfq gene, host factor I (HF-I), is a ribosome-associated, site-specific RNA-binding protein originally characterized for its role in replication of the RNA bacteriophage Qbeta of Escherichia coli. In this study, the role of HF-I was explored by isolating suppressor mutations that map to the region directly upstream of rpoS. These mutations increase rpoS-lac expression in the absence of HF-I and also confer substantial independence from HF-I. DNA sequence analysis of the mutants suggests a model in which the RNA secondary structure near the ribosome binding site of the rpoS mRNA plays an important role in limiting expression in the wild type. Genetic tests of the model confirm its predictions, at least in part. It seems likely that the mutations analyzed here activate a suppression pathway that bypasses the normal HF-I-dependent route of rpoS expression; however, it is also possible that some of them identify a sequence element with an inhibitory function that is directly counteracted by HF-I.
Pointing-Stability Performance of the Cassini Spacecraft (2009)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Myc induces cyclin D1 expression in the absence of de novo protein synthesis and links mitogen-stimulated signal transduction to the cell cycle. (1994)

Mitogen-activated signal transduction frequently leads to the induction of the c-myc proto-oncogene, but the subsequent molecular events downstream of Myc protein expression which promote cell cycle progression remain unclear. To study Myc-specific effects, without the complexity of the broader proliferative response evoked by serum, we employed the MycER-inducible system in the non-transformed Rat-1 cell line. We demonstrate that activation of wild-type, but not mutant, MycER is sufficient to transiently induce cyclin D1 RNA as well as protein expression to physiological levels, and promote G0/G1 to S phase transition of the cell cycle. Stimulation of endogenous cyclin D1 RNA is rapid and clearly evident within 30 min of MycER-activation, reaching a peak at 3 h. Nuclear run-on analysis demonstrates that this induction occurs at the transcriptional level with a fivefold increase in the rate of transcription. Moreover, MycER induces cyclin D1 transcription with equal efficacy in the presence or absence of de novo protein synthesis. Our work shows that Myc and cyclin D1 lie consecutively in a major proliferation-control pathway, and together create a pivotal connection between signal transduction and cell cycle control.
Design and comparison of adaptive estimators for Under-balanced Drilling (2014)

Real time knowledge of total mass of gas and liquid in the annulus and geological properties of the reservoir is very useful in many active controllers, fault detection systems and safety applications in the well during petroleum exploration and production drilling. Sensors and instrumentation can not measure the total mass of gas and liquid in the well directly and they are computed by solving a series of nonlinear algebraic equations with measuring the choke pressure and the bottom-hole pressure. This paper presents different estimator algorithms for estimation of the annular mass of gas and liquid, and production constants of gas and liquid from the reservoir into the well during Under Balanced Drilling. The results show that all estimators are capable of identifying the production constants of gas and liquid from the reservoir into the well, while the Lyapunov based adaptive observer gives the best performance comparing with other methods when there is a significant amount of noise.
Patellofemoral Joint Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering (2005)

Recent advances in the study of patellofemoral joint biomechanics have provided promising diagnosis and treatment modalities for patellofemoral joint disorders, such as quantitative assessment of cartilage lesions from noninvasive imaging, computer simulations of surgical procedures for optimizing surgical parameters and potentially predicting outcomes, and cartilage tissue engineering for the treatment of advanced degenerative joint disease. These technologies are still in development and their clinical potentials remain an ongoing topic of investigation. We review some of our progress in addressing these issues, and the important role of cartilage mechanics and lubrication in understanding the challenges regarding patellofemoral surgery and cartilage tissue engineering.
Chemical synthesis of human protein S thrombin‐sensitive module and first epidermal growth factor module (1998)

Human plasma protein S is a nonenzymatic cofactor for activated protein C (APC) in the inactivation of coagulation factors Va and VIIIa, and helps to provide an essential negative feedback on blood coagulation. Previous indirect evidence suggested that the thrombin-sensitive region (TSR:residues 47–75, 1 disulfide) and the first epidermal growth factorlike region (EGF1: residues 76–116, 3 disulfides) of protein S may be functionally important for expression of its APC cofactor activity. To study the functional importance of these modules directly, access to the isolated TSR and EGF1 modules would be preferred. Recombinant expression of protein S intact TSR and correctly folded EGF1 has not been possible. Here we describe the synthesis of both TSR and EGF1 modules by stepwise solid phase peptide synthesis using the in situ neutralization/2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate activation procedure for tert-butoxycarbonyl chemistry. For the TSR, correct intramodular disulfide bonding was confirmed. To overcome folding difficulties with the EGF1, a two-step oxidation procedure was used in which the cysteines involved in the middle, crossing, disulfide bond (Cys85-Cys102) remained protected with acetamidomethyl (Acm) groups after hydrogen fluoride treatment of the peptide resin. Selective formation of the first two disulfide bonds (Cys80-Cys93 and Cys104-Cys113) was followed by release of the Acm groups and subsequent formation of the third disulfide bond (Cys85-Cys102). CD studies revealed 54% of β-sheet/turn in the EGF1 that is characteristic for EGF modules. Deuterium exchange studies suggested a very tightly packed core in EGF1 that is not accessible to the bulk solvent, likely a result from the compact structure caused by its three disulfide bonds. The 30% β-sheet structure observed in the TSR involved amide protons that could be readily exchanged by deuterons, likely reflecting a more flexible structure of the TSR loop in contrast to the rigid structure of EGF1. The establishment of synthetic access to the TSR and EGF1 of protein S provides a versatile tool to study interactions of these modules with the blood coagulation components of the anticoagulant plasma protein C pathway. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biopoly 46: 53–63, 1998
Generalized false discovery rate based adaptive thresholding approach for ECG signal compression (2014)

The paper proposes Generalized False Discovery Rate (FDR) based thresholding procedure for estimating wavelet coefficients adaptively to compress ECG signal. To determine the adaptive threshold the connection between thresholding and hypothesis testing is used. In the proposed algorithm False Discovery Threshold (FDT) is achieved by computing the probability of each detail coefficient. The computed probabilities are arranged in ascending order. The adaptive critical significance level is calculated by k-FWER and step up k-FDR procedures of multiple hypotheses testing. The significance levels are compared with computed probabilities to satisfy desired FDR, which provides the FDT. Finally two stage entropy coding is done using zero Run Length Encoding (RLE) followed by Huffman coding. As compared to existing techniques for ECG compression the proposed algorithms achieved very low average value of percentage root mean difference (PRD) at comparable compression ratios (CR). Very less PRD values signifies faithful reconstruction of original signal.
Enforcing a Physical Tissue Model for Partial Volume MR Fingerprinting (2016)

We present a method to compute fraction maps of tissue types using a subset of three dictionary entries chosen specifically for each individual, enforcing consistency with a physical tissue model. This approach removes erroneous partial volumes in the fraction maps, and reduces noise and distortions in T1, T2, and M0 maps.
Assessment in vitro of immunity against Toxoplasma gondii. (1975)

Studies have been made on humoral and cellular immune respones in mice immunized with an attenuated strain of Toxoplasma gondii. Heat-inactivated antitoxoplasma serum did not cause morphologic changes in the organisms, but did markedly influence their interactions with host cells. Toxoplasma exposed to antibody were no longer capable of entering fibroblasts or HeLa cells. They were readily engulfed by macrophages, but the antibody treatment strikingly altered the intracellular fate of the parasites leading to killing and digestion of the toxoplasmas in phagolysosomes. Addition of antitoxoplasma antibody immediately after infection of macrophages in vitro had no effect on intracellular multiplication of the organism. The division time of virulent toxoplasmas in mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro was markedly prolonged in cells from immunized mice. During the first 2-3 mo after immunization, the macrophages harvested from the peritoneal cavity demonstrated this cellular immunity directly; thereafter exposure of the macrophages to immune lymphocytes and toxoplasma antigen, or to supernates from such an interaction was required for induction of the maximal capacity to inhibit growth of toxoplasmas. Induction of the alternation in macrophages by the lymphocyte product was detectable in 6 h and maximal at 18-24 h. Cultivation in vitro of macrophages from immunized animals for periods longer than 48 h rendered the cells nonresponsive to the immune lymphocyte-toxoplasma product. Macrophages from the peritoneal cavities of normal, nonimmunized mice were also incapable of developing the capacity to inhibit growth of toxoplasmas in response to this product. The nonresponsiveness of normal macrophages, or of macrophages cultured for several days in vitro was not changed by exposure of the cells to antitoxoplasma serum.
A Pumping Intravascular Artificial Lung with Active Mixing (1993)

Intravascular, as well as extracorporeal, artificial lungs need to be effective and efficient in transferring both oxygen and carbon dioxide. This paper describes the preliminary development of a device that not only is efficient in gas transfer, but also can reduce any pressure loss by providing its own pumping action. The exchange surfaces of the device consist of many short, microporous, hollow fibers arranged in layers like the threads of a screw and placed in a cross-flow configuration. Rotation of the device greatly increases gas transfer efficiency, by increasing the relative velocity between the blood and the fiber surfaces, and pushes the blood along a path similar to that of an Archime-dean screw. In vitro water tests of prototype devices indicate that the rotation can enhance the gas transfer rates by as much as a factor of six. In vitro blood studies indicate moderate blood pumping against zero pressure head, a simulation of veno-venous bypass.
Frequency and prognostic significance of HRX rearrangements in infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Pediatric Oncology Group study (1994)

Chromosome band 11q23, the location of the HRX gene, is a site of recurrent translocations in human malignancies. Infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) commonly have 11q23 translocations and have an especially poor prognosis despite intensive chemotherapy. We analyzed 96 cases of infant ALL treated on three consecutive Pediatric Oncology Group protocols to determine the frequency and prognostic significance of molecular rearrangements of HRX. Overall, 78 cases (81%) had HRX rearrangements detected by Southern blot analysis performed with a single HRX cDNA probe, whereas 18 cases (19%) had germline HRX. Of the 78 cases with HRX rearrangements, only 50 had abnormalities of 11q23 detected cytogenetically. Molecular abnormalities of HRX were associated with early treatment failure and a very poor outcome. Estimated event-free survival for patients with HRX rearrangements was 19% (SE, 7%) at 3 years, compared with 46% (SE, 17%) for patients with germline HRX (P = .033 by the two-sided logrank test). Therefore, infants with ALL and molecular abnormalities of HRX represent a group with an extremely high rate of failure who clearly need innovative or experimental treatment. Furthermore, cytogenetic analysis alone failed to detected 36% of HRX rearrangements, suggesting that molecular analysis be performed on all infants with ALL to identify this group of high-risk patients.
Pressure Probe Technique for Measuring Water Relations of Cells in Higher Plants (1978)

A new method is described for continuously measuring cell turgor pressure (P), hydraulic conductivity (L(p)), and volumetric elastic modulus (epsilon) in higher plant cells, using a pressure probe. This technique permits volume changes, DeltaV, and turgor pressure changes, DeltaP, to be determined with an accuracy of 10(-5) to 10(-6) mul and 3 to 5.10(-2) bar, respectively.The main principle of the new method is the same as the pressure probe developed by Zimmermann and Steudle in which pressure is transmitted to a pressure transducer by means of an oil-filled capillary introduced into the cell. In order to use the pressure probe for small tissue cells, the effective compressible volume of the apparatus has to be sufficiently small in comparison to the volume of the cell itself. This is achieved by accurately fixing the oil/cell sap boundary in the very tip of the microcapillary by means of an electronic feedback mechanism, so that the effective volume of the apparatus is reduced to about 2 to 10% of the cell volume. In this way also, errors arising from compressibility of the apparatus and temperature fluctuations can be excluded.Measurements on tissues cells of Capsicum annuum fruits yield epsilon values of 2 to 25 bar. Furthermore, epsilon can be shown to be a function of both cell turgor pressure and cell volume; epsilon increases with increasing turgor pressure and is higher in larger cells.
Patterned Metal Nanowire Arrays from Photolithographically-Modified Templates (2006)

An effective procedure for the fabrication of patterned nanowire arrays with micron-sized features is presented. Photolithographic methods are utilized to form set patterns onto porous anodic alumina membranes (AAM), and these modified membranes can then be used in the electrochemical growth of nanowire arrays. This approach readily allows the formation of a variety of nanowire array patterns with line widths down to several microns.