gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A multiple-PC based architecture for global database access (2002)

An architecture for a number of personal computers (PCs) connected in a hierarchical organization is presented. The objective of the architecture is to provide access to a global database for data sharing. The hardware of the proposed architecture, which includes memory mappings, bus arbiter logic, and PC connections, is described. The architecture is functionally compared with conventional single-bus architectures. The performances are compared in terms of throughput.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Aziridines (2006)

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Physical Properties 3. Chemical Properties 3.1. Homopolymerization 3.2. Aziridine-Modified Polymers 3.3. Polyfunctional Aziridines 3.4. Miscellaneous 4. Production 4.1. The β-Chloroethylamine Process 4.2. The Dow Process 4.3. The Wenker Process 4.4. Catalytic 2-Aminoethanol Dehydration Process 5. Environmental Protection 6. Uses 7. Economic Aspects 8. Toxicology and Occupational Health 8.1. Ethylenimine 8.2. Propylenimine 8.3. Aziridine Derivatives and Polyethylenimines Aziridines are three-membered organic heterocycles which contain one nitrogen atom in the ring. All commercially available aziridine derivatives are made from ethylenimine (aziridine) and propylenimine (2-methylaziridine). Aziridines can undergo polymerization reactions, i.e., homopolymerization to form polyethyleneimines, or graft and copolymerization reactions to give aziridine-modified polymers. Polyfunctional aziridines are obtained by reaction of ethylenimine and propyleneimine and trifunctional arcylates. Ethylenimine and propylenime react with thiols and amines in ring-opening reactions, with oxiranes and isocyanates under preservation of the aziridine ring. Ethylenimine is produced industrially by the β-chloroethylamine process, the Dow process, the Wenker process and the catalytic 2-aminoethanol dehydration process. Aziridines, polyethylenimines and aziridine-modified polymers are used primarily in the coatings, paper, water treatment, textile, and petroleum industries. Aziridines are highly toxic. Their toxicity probably results from alteration of nucleic acids, proteins, and other important biochemicals by alkylation. Substances derived from aziridines but no longer containing the aziridine ring, e.g., polyethyleneimines, are normally of low toxicity.
A screen for nuclear transcripts identifies two linked noncoding RNAs associated with SC35 splicing domains (2007)

Our genome-wide screens in two mammalian species reveal no more than three abundant large non-coding polyadenylated RNAs in the nucleus; the canonical large noncoding RNA XIST and NEAT1 and NEAT2. The function of these noncoding RNAs in mRNA metabolism is suggested by their high levels of conservation and their intimate association with SC35 splicing domains in multiple mammalian species.
Simultaneous analysis of catechol‐<i>O</i>‐methyl transferase activity,<i>S</i>‐adenosylhomocysteine and adenosine (2009)

Novel HPLC method utilizing UV-detection was developed to analyse catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) products, vanillic acid and isovanillic acid, S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and adenosine formed from dihydroxybenzoic acid and S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) by incubation of the rat tissues. Entacapone, a COMT inhibitor, prevented the formation of SAH only partially in the striatal homogenate whereas in the kidney homogenate the increase of SAH was prevented by entacapone. In conclusion, this method was reliable, rapid and simple. COMT seemed to be partially responsible on the SAM utilizing methylations in the striatal homogenates while in the high COMT activity tissue, COMT was the main SAH producing methyltransferase.
Radio-labeling and Micro-PET Study of 64Cu Labeled D-Glucose for Tumor Imaging† (2014)

2-(4-Isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclo-dodecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-D-glucose(DOTA-DG) was synthesized and radiolabeled with64Cu. The DOTA-DG dissolved in sodium acetate buffer(pH =5. 5) was added to the eluent of64Cu. The solution was stirred and placed at 25 ℃ for 30 min. The labeling efficiency and radiochemical purity of64Cu-DOTA-DG were all over 95%,as determined by radioHPLC. The in vitro stability of the conjugates was analyzed in 0. 1 mol/L PBS and 0. 1 mol/L NaAc and it showed excellent in vitro stability. 14. 8 MBq of64Cu-DOTA-DG was injected to Hep-G2 xenograft models via tale vein. Positron emission tomography images were taken 1 and 3 h after the injection. These images suggested that there was high tumor uptake of64Cu-DOTA-DG. The results suggested that64Cu-DOTA-DG could provide images much clearer than the DG labeled with99mTc,111In and68Ga,and observation of the metabolism of DG much longer. These preliminary data show that64Cu-DOTA-DG appears to be useful in PET imaging.
Who Art Thou? Personality Predictors of Artistic Preferences in a Large UK Sample: The Importance of Openness (2008)

The present study examined individual differences in artistic preferences in a sample of 91,692 participants (60% women and 40% men), aged 13-90 years. Participants completed a Big Five personality inventory (Goldberg, 1999) and provided preference ratings for 24 different paintings corresponding to cubism, renaissance, impressionism, and Japanese art, which loaded on to a latent factor of overall art preferences. As expected, the personality trait openness to experience was the strongest and only consistent personality correlate of artistic preferences, affecting both overall and specific preferences, as well as visits to galleries, and artistic (rather than scientific) self-perception. Overall preferences were also positively influenced by age and visits to art galleries, and to a lesser degree, by artistic self-perception and conscientiousness (negatively). As for specific styles, after overall preferences were accounted for, more agreeable, more conscientious and less open individuals reported higher preference levels for impressionist, younger and more extraverted participants showed higher levels of preference for cubism (as did males), and younger participants, as well as males, reported higher levels of preferences for renaissance. Limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Effects on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)(A) receptors of a neuroactive steroid that negatively modulates glutamate neurotransmission and augments GABA neurotransmission. (2001)

Neurosteroids positively and negatively modulate gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)(A) receptors and glutamate receptors, which underlie most fast inhibition and excitation in the central nervous system. We report the identification of a neuroactive steroid, (3 alpha,5 beta)-20-oxo-pregnane-3-carboxylic acid (3 alpha 5 beta PC), with unique cellular actions. 3 alpha 5 beta PC positively modulates GABA(A) receptor function and negatively modulates N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function, a combination that may be of particular clinical benefit. 3 alpha 5 beta PC promotes net GABA(A) potentiation at low steroid concentrations (<10 microM) and at negative membrane potentials. At higher concentrations, the steroid also blocks GABA receptors. Because this block would presumably counteract the NMDA receptor blocking actions of 3 alpha 5 beta PC, we characterize the GABA receptor block in some detail. Agonist concentration, depolarization, and high extracellular pH increase the block. The apparent pK for both potentiation and block was 6.4 to 6.9, substantially higher than expected from carboxylated steroid in an aqueous environment. Block is not dependent on the stereochemistry of the carboxylic acid at carbon 3 and is relatively insensitive to placement of the carboxylic acid at the opposite end of the steroid (carbon 24). Potentiation is critically dependent on the stereochemistry of the carboxylic acid group at carbon 3. Consistent with the pH dependence of potentiation, effects of the amide derivative (3 alpha,5 beta)-20-oxo-pregnane-3-carboxamide, suggest that the un-ionized form of 3 alpha 5 beta PC is important for potentiation, whereas the ionized form is probably responsible for block. Further refinement of the neuroactive steroid to promote GABA potentiation and NMDA receptor block and diminish GABA receptor block may lead to a clinically useful neuroactive steroid.
e-Health Technologies for Adult Hearing Screening (2011)

The development of hearing diagnosis methods and hearing screening methods are not isolated phenomena: they are intimately related to changes in the cultural background and to advances in fields of medicine and engineering. In the recent years, there has been a rapid evolution in the development of fast, easy and reliable techniques for low-cost hearing screening initiatives. Since adults and elderly people typically experience a reduced hearing ability in challenging listening situations [e.g., in background noise, in reverberation, or with competing speech (Pichora-Fuller & Souza, 2003)], these newly developed screening tests mainly rely on the recognition of speech stimuli in noise, so that the real experienced listening difficulties can be effectively targeted (Killion & Niquette, 2000). New tests based on the recognition of speech in noise are being developed on portable, battery-operated devices (see, for example, Paglialonga et al., 2011), or distributed diffusely using information and communication technologies. The evolutions of e-Health and telemedicine have shifted focus from patients coming to the hearing clinic for hearing health evaluation towards the possibility of evaluating the hearing status remotely at home. So far, two ways of distributing the hearing test have primarily been used: ordinary telephone networks (excluding mobile networks) and the internet. When using the telephone network for hearing screening, the predominantly test is a speech-in-noise test often referred to as the digit triplet test where the subjects hearing status is evaluated as the speech-to-noise threshold for spoken digits. This test is today available in some ten countries in Europe, North America and Australia. The use of internet as testing platform allows several different types of hearing assessment tests such as questionnaires, different types of speech in noise tests, temporal gap detection, sound localization (minimum audible angle), and spectral (un)masking tests. Also, the use of the internet allows audiovisual presentations as well as visual interaction and cues in the tests for a more ecological approach. Even if several new and novel approaches for hearing assessment using the internet are surfacing, the validated tests are based on questionnaires or speech-in-noise. Although the internet allows for a broader flora of pure auditory and audiovisual tests for hearing health assessment, calibration problems such as timing uncertainty, output levels and modes of presentation (speakers or earphones) limits the usability at present.
Bidirectional WDM-PON based on gain-saturated reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers (2005)

We propose a bidirectional wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network by employing gain-saturated reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers (RSOAs) for wavelength-independent optical network terminals. The fabricated RSOA module has the input saturation power less than -13 dBm and its saturated gain higher than 13 dB within the C-band for arbitrary polarization states. The upstream signals are generated by remodulating the downstream signals whose modulation amplitude is squeezed through gain-saturated RSOAs. We present experimental results on bidirectional transmission with 1.25 Gb/s for upstream and 2.5 Gb/s for downstream data rates over 20-km transmission distance.
Step-Scan Fourier Transform Infrared Study on the Effect of Dynamic Strain on Isotactic Polypropylene (1993)

Dynamic rheo-optical spectra of two isotactic polypropylene samples of different states of order were measured by step-scan FT-IR spectrometry. Experimental details and data collection considerations are discussed. The features in the dynamic spectra are found to be due to small wave-number shifts and absorption changes. The dynamic rheo-optical spectra depend strongly on the pretreatment of the samples, as well as on the polarization state of the infrared radiation used for analysis.
Stabilized Ultrathin Liquid Membranes for Gas Separations (1987)

Although immobilized liquid membranes have the desirable properties of high selectivity and permeability, their practical application to gas phase separations is hindered because of the instability of the liquid phase and the relative thickness of current membranes. The problem of liquid instability, which is due to both liquid volatilization and flooding, can be reduced, or eliminated, by immobilizing the liquid phase in pores small enough to significantly reduce the molar free energy of the solution via the Kelvin effect. The obstacle of membrane thickness can be overcome by selectively immobilizing the liquid phase into the skin of a porous asymmetric membranes.
Limitations in variable conductance heat pipe performance and control predicted by the current steady-state model developed at NLR (1984)

A uniaxial model for the transient performance of gas-loaded variable conductance heat pipes is being developed, partly under contract with the Netherlands Agency for Aerospace Programs NIVR. The model has to be easily implementable in existing spacecraft thermal analyzer computer programs. So far, a steady-state version of the model is available. It accounts for diffusion at the vapour/gas front (shown to be negligible), radial conduction in the wall and wick, and inertia and friction of the moving vapour. A parameter study was carried out to design a heat pipe and to define test conditions for the experimental verification of the model. Typical results are presented, illustrating that under certain conditions inertia and friction can induce considerable limitations in performance and control. Contribution for the International Heat Pipe Conference, Tsukuba, Japan, 14-18 May, 1984.
Some studies with a monoclonal antibody directed against human fibrinogen (1985)

Some properties of a monoclonal antibody generated against the fibrinogen component of a factor VIII preparation were investigated. The antibody bound with equal affinity in solid phase radioimmunoassays to fibrinogens isolated from both normal patients and patients with von Willebrand disease. It reacted in a sensitive immunoassay of plasma fibrinogen. The specificity of the antibody was confined to the parent molecule with no significant inhibition of fibrinogen binding by the fibrinogen degradation products (FDPs) X, Y, D, or E. The antibody had no significant effect on the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time of normal plasma. However, it prolonged the thrombin time as determined by the Clauss chronometric fibrinogen method. During fibrinogen lysis by plasmin immunoreactivity of fibrinogen to the antibody was lost at the same rate as the clottable fibrinogen content determined by the Clauss assay. The lack of reactivity of the antibody with FDPs makes it a suitable reagent for investigating plasmin activity as well as studying fibrinogen and fibrin. These findings suggest that the epitope of the antibody lies within the polar protruberance of the carboxy terminal end of the A alpha chain of fibrinogen and is destroyed by plasmin cleavage.
THE GRAVEYARD SATIRE OF <i>BLEAK HOUSE</i> IN THE CONTEXT OF 1850 (1963)

Journal Article THE GRAVEYARD SATIRE OF BLEAK HOUSE IN THE CONTEXT OF 1850 Get access TERVOR BLOUNT TERVOR BLOUNT Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of English Studies, Volume XIV, Issue 56, 1963, Pages 370–378, https://doi.org/10.1093/res/XIV.56.370 Published: 01 October 1963
Evaluation of Delayed Neuronal and Axonal Damage Secondary to Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Using Quantitative MR Imaging Techniques (2009)

These quantitative MR imaging techniques could noninvasively demonstrate the neuronal and axonal damage in the NAWM and CC of human brains, secondary to moderate or severe TBI.
Upstream boom likely to frustrate North Sea investment opportunities (2007)

Established UK oil and gas consultancy Hannon Westwood* has just published its forecast for the UK offshore sector in 2007 in which it predicts lack of available equipment and resources could frustrate those companies hoping for a quick turnaround in their investments in North Sea prospects. When we look at the UKCS over the past three years or so, we can see a new story unfolding, with large scale acreage releases by the DTI, the doubling in the number of acreage owners, and the creation of well activity unseen since the early 1990s, all taking place within an environment of a worldwide increase in rig rates and the tightening of rig supply. In addition, we are seeing the emergence in the UK of new forms of longer-term finance for smaller or independent companies.
Chemometrics and spectral frequency selection (1991)

Abstract In many fields of science, the simple straight line has received more attention as a basis for calibration than any other form. This is because measuring devices have been mainly univariate and have had calibration curves which were sufficiently linear. As scientific fields become more computationally intensive they rely on more computer-driven multivariate measurement devices. The number of responses may be large. For example modern scanning infrared (IR) spectroscopes measure the absorptions or reflectances at a sequence of around one thousand frequencies. Training data may consist of the order of 10 to 100 carefully designed samples for which the true composition is either known by formulation or accurately determined by wet chemistry. In future one wishes to predict the true composition from the spectrum. In this paper we develop a variable selection approach which is both simple in concept and computationally easy to implement. Its motivation is the minimization of the width of a confidence interval. The technique for data reduction is illustrated on a mid-IR spectroscopic analysis of a liquid detergent in which the calibrating data consists of 12 observations of absorptions at 1168 frequency channels (responses) corresponding to five chemical ingredients.
5‐HT<sub>6</sub> receptor antagonist SB‐271046 enhances extracellular levels of monoamines in the rat medial prefrontal cortex (2003)

The present study investigated the neurochemical effects of the selective 5-HT(6) receptor antagonist SB-271046 in the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The effect of SB-271046 on extracellular levels of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), and serotonin (5-HT) in the mPFC was examined using in vivo microdialysis in the freely moving rat. SB-271046 (10 mg/kg, p.o.) produced a significant increase in extracellular levels of both DA and NE without altering 5-HT neurotransmission. These results further support the rationale for the use of 5-HT(6) receptor antagonists in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction associated with psychiatric diseases.
Growth Hormone (GH) and a GH Antagonist Promote GH Receptor Dimerization and Internalization (1996)

It has previously been shown that a human growth hormone (hGH) analog, hGH-G120R, acts as a GH antagonist (Chen, W. Y., Wight, D. C. , Wagner, T. E., and Kopchick, J. J. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 87, 5061-5065; Chen, W. Y., White, M. E., Wagner, T. E., and Kopchick, J. J. (1991) Endocrinology 129, 1402-1408; Chen, W. Y., Chen, N-Y., Yun, J., Wang, X. Z., Wagner, T. E., and Kopchick, J. J. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 15892-15897). In this study, we report the ability of hGH and hGH-G120R to be internalized by GH receptor expressing cells. Additionally, results of chemical cross-linking experiments revealed that both native hGH and hGH-G120R form complexes similar in size to that expected for hGH when bound to recombinant hGH-binding protein (bp). The molecular mass of the complex was determined to be approximately 280 kDa which is consistent with multiple receptors interacting with the ligand. The predominant radiolabeled band detected was a complex of approximately 140 kDa which probably represents one GH molecule bound to one GH receptor. The cross-linked complexes were not detected in the presence of excess unlabeled hGH or hGH-G120R and were not observed in cells which do not express detectable levels of GH receptors. Also, GH induced tyrosine phosphorylation of a complex of proteins of approximately 95 kDa in these cells whereas hGH-G120R did not. Thus, we have separated the hGH or hGH-G120R/GHR binding and internalization capabilities from the ability to stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of intracellular proteins.
Ozone Applications for Postharvest Disinfection of Edible Horticultural Crops (2004)

Author(s): Suslow, Trevor V | Abstract: This publication provides an introductory overview of the properties, applications, known efficacy, and worker exposure and safety consideration of applying ozone in the postharvest environment.
Polyaniline‐Grafted VO(acac)<sub>2</sub>: An Effective Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2,5‐Diformylfuran from 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural and Fructose (2015)

Abstract Herein, polyaniline‐grafted vanadyl acetylacetonate [VO(acac) 2 ] was prepared and used as an effective catalyst for the oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) under atmospheric oxygen pressure. A high HMF conversion of 99.2 % was obtained after 12 h at 110 °C, and 2,5‐diformylfuran (DFF) was obtained in 86.2 % yield. More importantly, the one‐pot conversion of fructose into DFF was also realized with two binary catalysts: Amberlyst‐15 and polyaniline–VO(acac) 2 . Amberlyst‐15 was used for the acid‐catalyzed dehydration of fructose into HMF, followed by the in situ oxidation of HMF catalyzed by polyaniline–VO(acac) 2 . DFF could be obtained in a yield of 42.1 % from fructose by using the one‐pot reaction, whereas two consecutive steps gave a higher DFF yield of 71.1 %. Owing to the facile catalyst preparation and low cost, this method showed a promising potential for the synthesis of DFF from abundant carbohydrates.
The Analogy between Stereo Depth and Brightness (1989)

Apparent depth in stereograms exhibits various simultaneous-contrast and induction effects analogous to those reported in the luminance domain. This behavior suggests that stereo depth, like brightness, is reconstructed, ie recovered from higher-order spatial derivatives or differences of the original signal. The extent to which depth is analogous to brightness is examined. There are similarities in terms of contrast effects but dissimilarities in terms of the lateral inhibition effects traditionally attributed to underlying spatial-differentiation operators.
Toxic cyanobacteria: the evolving molecular toolbox (2003)

Toxic cyanobacteria are a diverse and widely distributed group of organisms that can contaminate natural and man-made bodies of water. Anthropogenic eutrophication can exacerbate the risks, allowing toxic cyanobacteria to grow unchecked and resulting in harmful algal blooms with potentially serious economic and health-related impacts. Predicting bloom events is an important goal of monitoring programs and is of fundamental interest to those examining the ecology of aquatic ecosystems. While microscopic identification and toxin analysis have traditionally been employed for monitoring purposes, molecular biological methods may provide rapid and sensitive diagnoses for the presence of toxic and toxigenic cyanobacteria, and are useful for general ecological studies. The molecular toolbox of ecologists and resource managers is evolving rapidly. Current techniques and their applications will help bring about a better understanding of the ecology of these events.