gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of HIV-1 Infection by Human α-Defensin-5, a Natural Antimicrobial Peptide Expressed in the Genital and Intestinal Mucosae (2012)

These findings provide new insights into the first line of immune defense against HIV-1 at the mucosal level and open new perspectives for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Elektromagnetische Käfige für geladene und neutrale Teilchen (Nobel‐Vortrag) (1990)

Isolierte Teilchen — sogar ein einziges — lassen sich über eine lange Zeitspanne beobachten , wenn man sie in „Käfige ohne materielle Wände”︁ einschließt. Für die Einführung des Konzepts derartiger Käfige erhielten Hans Dehmelt und Wolfgang Paul (zusammen mit Norman F. Ramsey ) den Nobel‐Preis für Physik 1989. Der Weg zu den Käfigen führte über die zweidimensionale Fokussierung der Teilchen, die unter anderem eine präzisere Hochfrequenz‐Spektroskopie und das Quadrupol‐Massenspektrometer möglich machte. Durch „Seitenbanden‐Kühlen”︁, d. h. Absorption von Photonen mit einer Energie geringfügig unter der Resonanzenergie und Ausgleich des Defizits aus der kinetischen Energie, ließ sich beispielsweise ein Elektron zehn Monate im Zentrum eines magnetischen Käfigs halten, und sein g ‐Faktor wurde zu 1.001159652188(4) bestimmt.
Photoaffinity Labeling of Pituitary Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptors in Goldfish (Carassius Auratus)1 (1990)

Receptors for GnRH were labeled by use of an iodinated (125I) photoreactive GnRH derivative [D-Lys6-azidobenzoyl]-GnRH. This derivative was found to bind to two classes of GnRH binding sites: high-affinity/low-capacity sites and low-affinity/high-capacity sites. The binding affinity of [D-Lys6-azidobenzoyl]-GnRH was found to be greater than that of D-Lys6-GnRH, but lower than a superactive fish GnRH agonist [D-Arg6, Trp7, Leu8, Pro9-NEt]-GnRH (sGnRH-A). Analysis of the photoaffinity-labeled goldfish pituitary GnRH receptors by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography indicated the presence of three labeled proteins displaceable by unlabeled sGnRH-A. The first and the most prominently labeled band was a 71,000-Mr protein, the second a 51,000-Mr protein, and the third a minor band of 130,000 Mr. Displacement characteristics of the 71,000- and 130,000-Mr bands were consistent with those of the low-affinity binding sites; displacement of the iodinated ligand from these proteins was achieved only in the presence of 10(-6) M sGnRH-A. The 51,000-Mr band had characteristics similar to those of the high-affinity site; displacement of the labeled ligand was achieved in the presence of 10(-9) M sGnRH-A. These findings provide for the first time some biochemical characterizations of pituitary GnRH receptors in a nonmammalian vertebrate.
Vascularized iliac crest grafts: evaluation of viability status with marrow scintigraphy. (1993)

Forty-three vascularized iliac crest grafts in the femoral neck region in 38 patients were assessed with marrow scintigraphy. Twenty grafting procedures had been performed for treatment of fractures, 16 for nontraumatic osteonecrosis, and seven for focal bone lesions. Scintiscans were obtained preoperatively and in the early and late postoperative period. Anterior images of the hips were obtained 30 minutes after intravenous injection of 4 mCi (148 MBq) of technetium-99m tin colloid by using a gamma camera with a low-energy, general-purpose collimator. The viable graft was detected as an area of tracer uptake corresponding to the configuration of the graft on radiographs. Marrow scintigraphy at 12 weeks showed that 24 grafts were viable, 11 were nonviable, and eight were indeterminate. Early and late results concurred in 36 of 43 (84%) grafts. Nonviable grafts occurred most frequently in fractures in the elderly. In seven patients who subsequently required total hip replacement, six grafts were nonviable while one was indeterminate at 12 weeks. Results indicate that marrow scintigraphy is useful in the treatment of patients with vascularized iliac crest bone grafts.
Pharmacodynamics of a New Triazole, Posaconazole, in a Murine Model of Disseminated Candidiasis (2003)

Previous in vivo studies have characterized the pharmacodynamic characteristics of two triazole compounds, fluconazole and ravuconazole. These investigations demonstrated that the 24-h area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)/MIC ratio is the critical pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) parameter associated with treatment efficacy. Further analysis demonstrated that a free-drug triazole 24-h AUC/MIC ratio of 20 to 25 was predictive of treatment success in both experimental models and clinical trials. We used a neutropenic murine model of disseminated Candida albicans infection to similarly characterize the time course activity of the new triazole, posaconazole. The PK-PD parameters (percent time above MIC, AUC/MIC ratio, and peak serum drug level/MIC ratio) were correlated with in vivo efficacy, as measured by organism number in kidney cultures after 48 h of therapy. Kinetics and protein binding following oral posaconazole dosing were performed in neutropenic infected mice. Peak levels and AUC from 0 h to infinity values were nonlinear over the 16-fold dose range studied. Serum drug elimination half-life ranged from 12.0 to 17.7 h. Protein binding was 99%. Single dose postantifungal effect studies demonstrated prolonged suppression of organism regrowth after serum posaconazole levels had fallen below the MIC. Treatment efficacy with the four dosing intervals studied was similar, supporting the AUC/MIC ratio as the PK-PD parameter predictive of efficacy. Nonlinear regression analysis also suggested that the AUC/MIC ratio was strongly predictive of treatment outcomes (AUC/MIC ratio R(2) = 83%; peak serum drug/MIC ratio R(2) = 85%; time that serum levels of posaconazole remained above the MIC R(2) = 65%). Similar studies were conducted with 11 additional C. albicans isolates with various posaconazole susceptibilities (MIC, 0.015 to 0.12 micro g/ml) to determine if a similar 24-h AUC/MIC ratio was associated with efficacy. The posaconazole free-drug AUC/MIC ratios were similar for all of the organisms studied (6.12 to 26.7, mean +/- SD = 16.9 +/- 7.8, P value, 0.42). These free-drug AUC/MIC ratios are similar to those observed for other triazoles in this model.
CAN - Ethernet gateway for automotive applications (2013)

This paper presents the design and practical implementation of a gateway interface between two networks, CAN and Ethernet. Data packets detected over a network will be routed to the other network, with the possibility of using various filters. Since there is no standard yet for this purpose, the paper also proposes a method to pack one or more CAN messages in an Ethernet frame. For testing purposes of the interface gateway and its implementation a series of graphical software tools running on a PC client have been developed. These tools are able to send and decode messages using the specified packaging. At the end of the paper a graphical application demonstrates the functionality of the gateway implementation and the benefits of the proposed CAN-Ethernet routing method.
INTERMITTENT STIMULATION BY LIGHT (1936)

1. An optical system is described which furnishes large flickering fields whose brightness, even when reduced with monochromatic filters, is capable of covering the complete range of the relation between critical frequency and intensity. 2. For a centrally located test field of 19 degrees diameter, with light from different parts of the spectrum, the data divide into a low intensity section identified with rod function, and a high intensity section identified with cone function. The transition between the two sections is marked by an inflection point which is sharp, except for 450 and 490 mmicro where, though clearly present, it is somewhat rounded. 3. The intensity range covered by the flicker function is smallest in the red, and increases steadily as the wave-length decreases. The increase is due entirely to the extent of the low intensity, rod section which is smallest (non-existent for S. S.) in the red and largest in the violet. The high intensity cone portion for all colors is in the same position on the intensity axis, and the only effect of decreasing wave-length is to shift the rod section to lower intensities without changing its shape. 4. The measurements are faithfully described by two similar equations, one for the rods and one for the cones, both equations being derived from the general stationary state equation already used for various visual functions.
System-level power-performance tradeoffs for reconfigurable computing (2006)

In this paper, we propose a configuration-aware data-partitioning approach for reconfigurable computing. We show how the reconfiguration overhead impacts the data-partitioning process. Moreover, we explore the system-level power-performance tradeoffs available when implementing streaming embedded applications on fine-grained reconfigurable architectures. For a certain group of streaming applications, we show that an efficient hardware/software partitioning algorithm is required when targeting low power. However, if the application objective is performance, then we propose the use of dynamically reconfigurable architectures. We propose a design methodology that adapts the architecture and algorithms to the application requirements. The methodology has been proven to work on a real research platform based on Xilinx devices. Finally, we have applied our methodology and algorithms to the case study of image sharpening, which is required nowadays in digital cameras and mobile phones
Prophylactic Therapy of Spontaneous Leukemia in AKR Mice by Polyadenylic-Polyuridylic Acid (1974)

Journal Article Prophylactic Therapy of Spontaneous Leukemia in AKR Mice by Polyadenylic-Polyuridylic Acid Get access Walter P. Drake, Walter P. Drake Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Eugene F. Cimino, Eugene F. Cimino Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael R. Mardiney, Jr., Michael R. Mardiney, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John C. Sutherland John C. Sutherland 2Section of Immunology and Cell Biology, Baltimore Cancer Research Center, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 3100 Wyman Park Drive, Baltimore, Md. 21211. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 3, March 1974, Pages 941–944, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.3.941 Published: 01 March 1974 Article history Received: 24 September 1973 Accepted: 30 November 1973 Published: 01 March 1974
Inflammatory Response of Mast Cells during Influenza A Virus Infection Is Mediated by Active Infection and RIG-I Signaling (2013)

Influenza A virus (IAV) is a major respiratory pathogen of both humans and animals. The lung is protected from pathogens by alveolar epithelial cells, tissue-resident alveolar macrophages, dendritic cells, and mast cells. The role of alveolar epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and alveolar macrophages during IAV infection has been studied previously. In this study, we address the role of mast cells during IAV infection. Respiratory infection with A/WSN/33 causes significant disease and immunopathology in C57BL/6 mice but not in B6.Cg-Kit(W-sh) mice, which lack mast cells. During in vitro coculture, A/WSN/33 caused mast cells to release histamine, secrete cytokines and chemokines, and produce leukotrienes. Moreover, when mast cells were infected with IAV, the virus did not replicate within mast cells. Importantly, human H1N1, H3N2, and influenza B virus isolates also could activate mast cells in vitro. Mast cell production of cytokines and chemokines occurs in a RIG-I/MAVS-dependent mechanism; in contrast, histamine production occurred through a RIG-I/MAVS-independent mechanism. Our data highlight that, following IAV infection, the response of mast cells is controlled by multiple receptors. In conclusion, we identified a unique inflammatory cascade activated during IAV infection that could potentially be targeted to limit morbidity following IAV infection.
Human amniotic-fluid-derived stem cells: a unique source for regenerative medicine (2014)

AFSCs hold promise for the future treatment of many incurable diseases. However, such cell-based therapies have some limitations, and there are questions relating to the use of stem cells, which should be carefully analyzed before translation of these cells into clinical practice.
Effect of metal substitution in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">ZrSe</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>-type compounds: Vibrational states of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Zr</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">−</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">t</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Hf</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">t</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1985)

The pseudobinary ${\mathrm{ZrS}}_{3}$--${\mathrm{HfS}}_{3}$ system exhibits a complete range of solid solubility, the structure being of the ${\mathrm{ZrSe}}_{3}$ type with Zr and Hf distributed at random over the metal sublattice in the ternary region. The unit-cell dimensions, as well as the virtually-temperature-independent diamagnetic susceptibility of ${\mathrm{Zr}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{t}}$${\mathrm{Hf}}_{\mathrm{t}}$${\mathrm{S}}_{3}$, evolve approximately linearly with the compositional parameter t. Examination of the vibrational states of ${\mathrm{Zr}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{t}}$${\mathrm{Hf}}_{\mathrm{t}}$${\mathrm{S}}_{3}$ by Raman spectroscopy has proven to be an efficient tool for probing the lattice properties of the parent members ${\mathrm{ZrS}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{HfS}}_{3}$. One-mode behavior of most of the long-wavelength optical modes in ${\mathrm{Zr}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{t}}$${\mathrm{Hf}}_{\mathrm{t}}$${\mathrm{S}}_{3}$ confirms the identity of the eigenvectors, which remain unperturbed under the Zr-to-Hf substitution as they involve essentially only the motions of the sulfur atoms. Continuous and slight variation of the eigenfrequencies with the composition reflects minor changes in force constants when one metal atom is replaced by another. The two-mode behavior of the rigid sublattice displacements of the metal against the sulfur atoms perpendicular to the b axis gives rise to a broad structure in the Raman spectrum of ${\mathrm{HfS}}_{3}$ resulting from an impurity mode of the Zr originally present in the Hf starting material. The accidental degeneracy of the ${A}_{g}$ and ${B}_{g}$ modes at 151 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ in ${\mathrm{ZrS}}_{3}$ is lifted by the metal substitution, thus confirming previous findings obtained under hydrostatic pressure.
Computer systems and strategies to assist a disabled person in navigating a powered wheelchair through a doorway (1997)

The research project described in this paper, which is concerned with new developments in electric vehicles for disabled people, was first presented in the IEE Colloquium Digest P6-1995/055, pp. 5/1-5/6 (March 1995). This paper describes the system and advances in the methods since that time. A real-time method of computer assistance for a disabled person to move a powered wheelchair through a doorway is presented. The wheelchair uses data from ultrasonic sensors combined with information from a user input, in this case a joystick. The output is used to assist the disabled person in steering the vehicle.
A Real Mathematical Model to Compute the PDC Cutter Wear Value to Terminate PDC Bit Run (2011)

Abstract Drilling operations became more expensive and complicated day by day due to many reasons affecting directly the daily drilling cost. One of the most effective cost reductions was the fixed cutter bit solution which effectively achieved higher drilling progress and reduces overall well cost. Also, in some cases PDC bit may raise the well cost due to slow down in the penetration rate or stopped drilling to retrieve mechanical parts from the hole due to bit fatigue and followed by extra trips for junking or fishing operations. The present study focuses on most of the factors affecting fixed cutter bit design, drilling parameters that influence the bit cutting structure wear and led to the bit poor progress. All previous PDC bit mathematical models used before for determining the cutters wear value not considered real methodology on rig site to assure cutters wear and gives a proper decision to terminate the PDC bit run. Study investigated four mathematical models had calculated the PDC cutters wear using the influences of the rock strength, rock temperature and mechanical drilling parameters. These models are theoretical and applied within the lab test devices, most of models not achieved significant benefit to use in rig site applications. New model had developed to compute PDC wear value as function of surface torque arises from the friction between the drill string, bit interaction with well bore and rock on bottom. Both resistance created by the string and bit are converted to output data realized by the gauge in front the driller in rig floor and mud logging unit. Analog or digital data reflects the torque obtained from rotating the bottom hole assembly (Drill pipe, string stabilizer and bit) against the wall of hole and formation strength. Mathematical model calculates the theoretical torque for string tool joint, stabilizer and PDC bit cutters allocated in nose up to gauge area. In reality, when BHA rotates off bottom torque created is representing the summation of string tool joint and stabilizer. An additional torque realizes on surface when BHA on bottom and WOB applied then this bit torque value will be compared by model bit torque. This later obtained bit torque percentage that represents the cutters wear value preoperational to cutter height. New mathematical model had created visual analog graphs will help to take decision when stop drilling and terminate the PDC bit run. Field validation test had run in two main concessions in Egypt Western desert and Gulf of Suez with total 6 PDC bit runs using different bit size, type, cutter sizes and different bottom hole assembly (Rotary-steerable). The filed results showed significant correction in cutter wear magnitude between the model calculation and field runs, this error factor less than 10% in hard formation and less than 20% in medium to soft formations. Author set the correction in model and treated in easy way to be used on field by driller and drilling engineers to help them how to determine the PDC bit cutting structure wear value.
Temporal changes of pharmacokinetics, nephrotoxicity, and subcellular distribution of tobramycin in rats (1994)

The present study was designed to determine the temporal changes in tobramycin nephrotoxicity during the dark and the light periods of the day and to look for the mechanisms of such changes. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (9 to 11 weeks old) were housed in a 14-h-light-10-h-dark cycle (lights on 0600 to 2000 h). A bolus of tobramycin (60 mg/kg of body weight) was intravenously injected into a first group of 15 rats, at either 1400 or 0200 h. Six blood samples were taken from each rat, 30 to 210 min after the bolus injection. The total clearance of the drug was reduced during the rest period (1400 h) of rats compared with the activity period (0200 h) (P = 0.0007). Another group of 99 rats was given intraperitoneally a single dose of tobramycin (40 mg/kg), and renal cortices were collected 2 to 222 h after injection. The cortical drug levels were always higher in animals injected at 1400 h than in those injected at 0200 h. A last group of 32 rats was used in the studies of tobramycin (30 mg/kg/day, once daily for 10 days, intraperitoneally) nephrotoxicity and subcellular distribution. Weight gain in the rats receiving tobramycin (both 1400 and 0200 h) was significantly (P = 0.028) less than that in the controls. Nephrotoxicity, indicated by the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into cortical DNA and urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, was significantly higher in animals treated at 1400 h than in those treated at 0200 h. No difference in the subcellular distribution of tobramycin was observed. The data indicate that the reduction in the clearance of tobramycin during the rest period is in part responsible for the higher nephrotoxicity in rats.
Electrical conductivity of the Moon (1968)

Lunar electrical conductivity as function of depth from various thermal models of moon and electrical conductivity data
Catalytic Action of Ni Atoms in the Formation of Carbon Nanotubes: A Molecular Dynamics Study (2000)

Catalytic action of Ni atoms in the growth of single-wall carbon nanotubes is investigated using tight-binding molecular dynamics and ab initio methods. Our results demonstrate this to be a two step process in which the Ni atom first creates and stabilizes defects in nanotubes. The subsequent incorporation of incoming carbon atoms anneals the Ni-stabilized defects freeing the Ni atom to repeat the catalytic process.
Review: <i>Waves and the Ear</i>, by Willem A. Van Bergeijk, John R. Pierce, and Edward E. David, Jr. (1960)

Book Review| April 01 1960 Review: Waves and the Ear, by Willem A. Van Bergeijk, John R. Pierce, and Edward E. David, Jr. Waves and the EarWillem A. Van BergeijkJohn R. PierceEdward E. David, P. K. P. K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1960) 22 (4): 239. https://doi.org/10.2307/4439325 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation P. K.; Review: Waves and the Ear, by Willem A. Van Bergeijk, John R. Pierce, and Edward E. David, Jr.. The American Biology Teacher 1 April 1960; 22 (4): 239. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4439325 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.