gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessing chain-restaurant impact? Using linear regression (1995)

A regression model provides a direct statistical test of the impact of new units on existing units in a competitive area while allowing for additional factors that may moderate the causal link. The model is easily accessible to management practitioners. In its simplest form, it is as follows: If Yt is the customer count in month tfor an existing unit, then Yt= a + PjXlt + 8t, where random shocks in period tare indicated by atand the entrance of the new unit by X4t. Under ideal conditions, the estimate of X would indicate the average monthly customer count of the unit exclusive of the effect of the new unit's entry. The estimate P3 ideally indicates the net average number of customers per month that the new unit has absorbed (the existing unit's lost business).
Routing in computer networks (1971)

Abstract The problem of routing flow in a network of computers is extremely complex. This is especially formidable when routing is to be incorporated in iterative analysis and design. Among the properties of desirable flow patterns is low average delay from message inception to arrival. In this paper, we discuss procedures for minimizing average delay subject to a set of flow constraints. Heuristic routing procedures are presented and compared to optimum routing procedures. Computational experience is given.
MARS (1991)

article Free Access Share on MARS: the magnet II real-time scheduling algorithm Authors: Jay Hyman Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Telecommunications Research, Columbia University, New York, NY Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Telecommunications Research, Columbia University, New York, NYView Profile , Aurel A. Lazar Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Telecommunications Research, Columbia University, New York, NY Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Telecommunications Research, Columbia University, New York, NYView Profile , Giovanni Pacifici Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Telecommunications Research, Columbia University, New York, NY Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Telecommunications Research, Columbia University, New York, NYView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication ReviewVolume 21Issue 4Sept. 1991 pp 285–293https://doi.org/10.1145/115994.116018Published:01 August 1991Publication History 18citation414DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations18Total Downloads414Last 12 Months26Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Couran Cove Resort Environmental Solutions for Ecotourism (1998)

By the end of 1998, Couran Cove Resort will have established itself as the country's leading ecotourism resort, and be recognised as a world leader in environmentally sound and ecologically sustainable resort management and operations. To achieve the full ecological objectives of the resort development, Australian grown native forest and plantation timbers were chosen as the primary construction material. Emphasis was placed on sourcing material from sustainably managed forests and in some instances, recycled timber. This paper presents a summary of the ways in which Couran Cove Resort has actively pursued the minimisation of environmental impacts throughout all facets of the evolution of the Resort including the ecotourism philosophy adopted and the environmental planning, construction and operation of the Resort. The paper concludes with the fact that ecological sustainability and ecotourism are compatible and that given the increasing awareness of this in the community, the Resort will be a financial success.
Editor's comments (1989)

we're "turning the crank" on the IEEE AP Magazine! Seriously, a s ecial thank you to Peter Arnold for his creative visua! allegory of our transition from Newsletter to Magazine, on our cover. This is our last issue as a Newsletter. The February issue will be the first issue of the Magazine. However, it will still be your familiar friend, and we will continue the volume numbering, in recognition of our roots, and of all those volunteers who have built the foundation, over 31 years of publication, which has made this possible.
Collaborative filtering with decoupled models for preferences and ratings (2003)

In this paper, we describe a new model for collaborative filtering. The motivation of this work comes from the fact that two users with very similar preferences on items may have very different rating schemes. For example, one user may tend to assign a higher rating to all items than another user. Unlike previous models of collaborative filtering, which determine the similarity between two users only based on their rating performance, our model treats the user's preferences on items separately from the user's rating scheme. More specifically, for each user, we build two separate models: a preference model capturing which items are favored by the user and a rating model capturing how the user would rate an item given the preference information. The similarity of two users is computed based on the underlying preference model, instead of the surface ratings. We compare the new model with several representative previous approaches on two data sets. Experiment results show that the new model outperforms all the previous approaches that are tested consistently on both data sets.
Role of processing aids in the extrusion of molten polymers (2002)

Abstract Product quality and, in general, processing windows and rates of production in the extrusion of molten polymers are limited by various flow instabilities (mainly melt fracture) that are observed at high production rates. While there still are unresolved issues in comprehending these phenomena, industry demands for process optimization dictate the employment of processing aids (PAs) for product quality improvement and energy requirement reduction. In this review paper, most commercially used processing aids (PAs) are discussed, namely, fluoroelastomers, stearates, small amounts of polymers blended with the process polymer, and the newly discovered boron nitride as pure and in combination with other fluoroelastomers. This paper focuses on the appropriate and optimum usage of the various PAs as well as on the mechanism that underlies their action for flow enhancement and instability elimination. Finally, numerous experimental observations are discussed, and several examples are illustrated.
Natural-Logarithm-Rectified Activation Function in Convolutional Neural Networks (2019)

Activation functions play a key role in providing remarkable performance in deep neural networks, and the rectified linear unit (ReLU) is one of the most widely used activation functions. Various new activation functions and improvements on ReLU have been proposed, but each carry performance drawbacks. In this paper, we propose an improved activation function, which we name the natural-logarithm-rectified linear unit (NLReLU). This activation function uses the parametric natural logarithmic transform to improve ReLU and is simply defined as. NLReLU not only retains the sparse activation characteristic of ReLU, but it also alleviates the "dying ReLU" and vanishing gradient problems to some extent. It also reduces the bias shift effect and heteroscedasticity of neuron data distributions among network layers in order to accelerate the learning process. The proposed method was verified across ten convolutional neural networks with different depths for two essential datasets. Experiments illustrate that convolutional neural networks with NLReLU exhibit higher accuracy than those with ReLU, and that NLReLU is comparable to other well-known activation functions. NLReLU provides 0.16% and 2.04% higher classification accuracy on average compared to ReLU when used in shallow convolutional neural networks with the MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets, respectively. The average accuracy of deep convolutional neural networks with NLReLU is 1.35% higher on average with the CIFAR-10 dataset.
Demodulation Reference Signal Using Two-Dimensional Orthogonal Cover Code Mapping for Multi-Antenna/Point Transmission in LTE-Advanced Downlink (2011)

In the Long-Term Evolution (LTE)-Advanced downlink, a user-specific demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) is used to support channel estimation and data demodulation for user-transparent multi-antenna and/or multi-point (MA/P) transmission techniques. A hybrid code division multiplexing (CDM) and frequency division multiplexing (FDM) scheme is adopted as a DM-RS multiplexing scheme for up to eight data streams per user. A time-domain orthogonal cover code (OCC) is used for CDM since time domain orthogonality among OCCs offers good robustness against channel variation. However, in a medium-to-high mobility environment, orthogonality distortion occurs among OCCs, which results in performance degradation. In this paper, we propose a two-dimensional (2D)-OCC mapping that achieves two-dimensional orthogonality in the time and frequency domains to improve the performance of CDM-based DM-RSs while reducing the peak transmission power of the OFDM symbol which includes the DM-RSs. Simulation results show that the proposed 2D-OCC mapping is effective in improving the block error rate performance especially in medium-to-high mobility environments. Furthermore, it is shown that the 2D-OCC mapping effectively reduces the peak power compared to the time-domain OCC mapping.
Distribution of DNA Adducts Caused by Inhaled Formaldehyde Is Consistent with Induction of Nasal Carcinoma but Not Leukemia (2010)

Inhaled formaldehyde is classified as a known human and animal carcinogen, causing nasopharyngeal cancer. Additionally, limited epidemiological evidence for leukemia in humans is available; however, this is inconsistent across studies. Both genotoxicity and cytotoxicity are key events in formaldehyde nasal carcinogenicity in rats, but mechanistic data for leukemia are not well established. Formation of DNA adducts is a key event in initiating carcinogenesis. Formaldehyde can induce DNA monoadducts, DNA-DNA cross-links, and DNA protein cross-links. In this study, highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-selected reaction monitoringmethods were developed and [(13)CD(2)]-formaldehyde exposures utilized, allowing differentiation of DNA adducts and DNA-DNA cross-links originating from endogenous and inhalation-derived formaldehyde exposure. The results show that exogenous formaldehyde induced N(2)-hydroxymethyl-dG monoadducts and dG-dG cross-links in DNA from rat respiratory nasal mucosa but did not form [(13)CD(2)]-adducts in sites remote to the portal of entry, even when five times more DNA was analyzed. Furthermore, no N(6)-HO(13)CD(2)-dA adducts were detected in nasal DNA. In contrast, high amounts of endogenous formaldehyde dG and dA monoadducts were present in all tissues examined. The number of exogenous N(2)-HO(13)CD(2)-dG in 1- and 5-day nasal DNA samples from rats exposed to 10-ppm [(13)CD(2)]-formaldehyde was 1.28 +/- 0.49 and 2.43 +/- 0.78 adducts/10(7) dG, respectively, while 2.63 +/- 0.73 and 2.84 +/- 1.13 N(2)-HOCH(2)-dG adducts/10(7) dG and 3.95 +/- 0.26 and 3.61 +/- 0.95 N(6)-HOCH(2)-dA endogenous adducts/10(7) dA were present. This study provides strong evidence supporting a genotoxic and cytotoxic mode of action for the carcinogenesis of inhaled formaldehyde in respiratory nasal epithelium but does not support the biological plausibility that inhaled formaldehyde also causes leukemia.
Flash 3! Creative Web Animation (1998)

Flash! Creating Web Animation is a complete introduction to Flash from one of Macromedia's own training experts, Darrel Plant. It shows even the newest newbie how to make streaming animations, rollover buttons, animated logos other moving graphics that load and play instantly. The book covers Flash's drawing tools, animation controls, file format support, and its easy-to-use versions of multimedia features like in-betweening, and onion-skinning.After readers master these tools, they learn how to make the most of the unique vector drawing tools that allow Flash to generate very compact, screamingly fast-loading files that are scalable to different resolutions. Finally, readers learn the rules for using animation effectively: how to make it useful for the viewer; how to plan Flash integration into a Web site; and how to make animated Web content easy to maintain.
World's Fairs: Technical and Cultural (1983)

This article examines the new Louisiana World Exposition and reviews the progress being made toward its development. The emphasis is upon the processes utilized for its successful operations.
Lovastatin Inhibits α-Farnesene Synthesis without Affecting Ethylene Production during Fruit Ripening in `Golden Supreme' Apples (2000)

Lovastatin is a specific hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase inhibitor in animals and as such, is a potent cholesterol lowering pharmaceutical for human use. Because it has also been shown to inhibit α-farnesene in certain plants, we investigated its effects on ethylene and α-farnesene biosynthesis, volatile production, and fruit color during ripening in `Golden Supreme' apples [ Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.]. Immediately after harvest, fruit were dipped in Lovastatin solution for 2 min, allowed to dry, and stored in the dark at 20 °C for 30 days. Internal ethylene at harvest was low (< 0.1 mL·L -1 ) and α-farnesene was undetectable. Both internal ethylene and α-farnesene increased in nontreated fruit during 30 days storage. Prestorage Lovastatin treatment did not affect ethylene synthesis, but at 1.25 or 2.5 mmol·L -1 nearly eliminated α-farnesene production. At 0.25 mmol·L -1 , Lovastatin delayed the increase in α-farnesene production about 12 days and reduced total α-farnesene production by the end of storage compared with controls. When applied to nontreated preclimacteric fruit, ethephon at 1.4 mmol·L -1 increased both internal ethylene concentration and α-farnesene production. In Lovastatin-treated preclimacteric fruit, however, ethephon increased internal ethylene concentration without promoting α-farnesene synthesis. In another trial, after 30 days storage at 0 °C, fruit were treated with 1.25 mmol·L -1 Lovastatin and stored at 20 °C with air circulation for 20 days. These fruit accumulated similar amounts of ethylene as nontreated controls, but α-farnesene production decreased rapidly and was not detectable after 5 days. Treating with ethephon at 1.4 mmol·L -1 increased α-farnesene production in control fruit but not in Lovastatin-treated fruit. Lovastatin treatment did not affect the change in fruit color. Chemical names used: [1S-[1α (R °), 3α, 7β, 8β (2S °, 4S °), 8ab]]-1,2,3,7,8,8α-hexahydro-3,7-dimethyl-8-[2-(tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-1-naphthaienyl 2-methylbutanoate (Lovastatin); 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon).
Dynamic Deformation Electron-Phonon Interaction in Disordered Bulk Semiconductor (2012)

We present our theoretical investigations on the effects of disorder on the electron-phonon interaction in semiconducting GaAs system. Both the temperature (T) and disorder (electron mean free path l) dependences of the electron-phonon scattering rate have been determined. On consideration of the dynamic screening, we find a significant change in the temperature exponent as well as the pre factor from the earlier reported temperature power law dependence result ?T6 obtained under static screening. Also the dynamic screening makes a noticeable change in the character of the dependence of scattering rate on the mean free path from the static screening result.
Cell-Utes and Flutter-Tongued Cats: Sound Morphing Using Loris and the Reassigned Bandwidth-Enhanced Model (2003)

September 01 2003 Cell-Utes and Flutter-Tongued Cats: Sound Morphing Using Loris and the Reassigned Bandwidth-Enhanced Model Kelly Fitz, Kelly Fitz Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, kfitz@eecs.wsu.edu Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Lippold Haken, Lippold Haken CERL Sound Group, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, lippold@cerlsoundgroup.org Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Susanne Lefvert, Susanne Lefvert Lulea University of Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Chicago, slefvert@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Corbin Champion, Corbin Champion Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, corbinchampion@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Mike O'Donnell Mike O'Donnell Department of Computer Science, University of Chicago, odonnell@cs.uchicago.edu Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Kelly Fitz Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, kfitz@eecs.wsu.edu Lippold Haken CERL Sound Group, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, lippold@cerlsoundgroup.org Susanne Lefvert Lulea University of Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Chicago, slefvert@hotmail.com Corbin Champion Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, corbinchampion@hotmail.com Mike O'Donnell Department of Computer Science, University of Chicago, odonnell@cs.uchicago.edu Online Issn: 1531-5169 Print Issn: 0148-9267 © 2003 Massachusetts Institute of Technology2003 Computer Music Journal (2003) 27 (3): 44–65. https://doi.org/10.1162/014892603322482529 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Kelly Fitz, Lippold Haken, Susanne Lefvert, Corbin Champion, Mike O'Donnell; Cell-Utes and Flutter-Tongued Cats: Sound Morphing Using Loris and the Reassigned Bandwidth-Enhanced Model. Computer Music Journal 2003; 27 (3): 44–65. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/014892603322482529 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsComputer Music Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2003 Massachusetts Institute of Technology2003 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Proximity operators : So near and yet so far (1995)

Testing of the hypothesis that good precision-recall performance can be based entirely on proximity relationships is a focus of current TREC work at ANU. PADRE&apos;s &quot;Z-mode&quot; method (based on proximity spans) of scoring relevance has been shown to produce reasonable results for hand-crafted queries in the Adhoc section. It is capable of producing equally good results in database merging and routing contexts due to its independence from collection statistics. Further work is needed to determine whether Z-mode is capable of achieving top-flight results. A new approach to automatic query generation designed to work with the shorter TREC-4 queries produced reasonable results relative to other groups but fell short of expectations based on training performance. Investigation of causes is still under way. 1 Introduction The Parallel Document Retrieval Engine (PADRE) has previously demonstrated that full text scanning methods supported by parallel hardware permit powerful query constructors and ...
An autonomous decentralized control mechanism for power flow in an open electric energy network (1997)

This paper discusses a power flow control mechanism for the “open electric energy network” (OEEN), which has been studied by the authors as a demand-side network suitable for a free market of electricity. The important concept of OEEN is that electric energy is treated like a packet of mail, with information about the sender (power producer) and the receiver (consumer). The control mechanism discussed in this paper is called the electric energy router and includes an energy storage device. The electric energy router controls the storage device in such a way that the “electricity packet” reaches a specified consumer from a specified power producer autonomously and in the distributed manner. This paper shows that optimal control theory can be applied to determine the control action of the electric energy router. The obtained optimal control action minimizes the difference between the load pattern of the consumer and the supply pattern of the router under the inequality constraints of energy storage capacity. A numerical example is given in order to check the validity of optimal control theory application. In order to manufacture a small-scale electric energy router for experiments, its basic structure and power control performance are studied through simulation studies. © 1998 Scripta Technica. Electr Eng Jpn, 121(4): 28–37, 1997
Concentrated swine feeding operations and public health: a review of occupational and community health effects. (2000)

Recent industry changes in swine-management practices have resulted in a growing controversy surrounding the environmental and public health effects of modern swine production. The numerous wastes produced by intensive swine production not only pose a significant challenge to effective environmental management but also are associated with decreased air quality in confinement houses, potentially transferable antimicrobial resistance patterns, and several infectious agents that can be pathogenic to humans. Published studies have documented a variety of contaminants, microbial agents, and health effects in those occupationally exposed to swine, and these have provided the groundwork for an increasing body of research to evaluate possible community health effects. Nonetheless, several factors limit our ability to define and quantify the potential role of intensive swine-rearing facilities in occupational and community health. Our incomplete understanding and ability to detect specific exposures; the complicated nature of disease etiology; pathogenesis; and surveillance; and the inherent difficulties associated with study design all contribute to the inadequate level of knowledge that currently prevails. However; an evaluation of the published literature; and a recognition of the elements that may be compromising these studies; provides the foundation from which future studies may develop.
Incinerating Municipal And Industrial Waste: Fireside Problems And Prospects For Improvement (1990)

Experience with firing refuse in Europe refuse experience in North America fundamental research and mechanisms refuse-firing experience in field and experimentation units materials selection blending of fuels and RDF further experience with fireside problems while firing MSW or RDF.
Micro-seismic detection using distributed acoustic sensing (2013)

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) deployed in a wellbore can be used to detect P-waves and S-waves generated in the subsurface. In a well which has geophones and a DAS cable deployed, micro-seismic events have been detected on both instruments at the same time, establishing the concept of using DAS as a micro-seismic detector. While DAS is still less sensitive than geophones, it has the advantage of being non intrusive and a permanent installation, so both recording in treatment wells and 4D recording concepts are realistic options that can be implemented once the fibered cable is installed.