gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How is energy consumed in smartphone display applications? (2013)

Smartphones have emerged as a popular and frequently used platform for the consumption of multimedia. New display technologies, such as AMOLED, have been recently introduced to smartphones to fulfill the requirements of these multimedia applications. However, as an AMOLED screen's power consumption is determined by the display content, such applications are often limited by the battery life of the device they are running on, inspiring many researches to develop new power management schemes. In this work, we evaluate the power consumption of several applications on a series of Samsung smartphones and take a deep look into AMOLED's power consumption and its relative contributions for multimedia apps. We improve AMOLED power analysis by considering the dynamic factors in displaying, and analyze the individual factors affecting power consumption when streaming video, playing a video game, and recording video via a device's built-in camera. Our detailed measurements refine the power analysis of smartphones and reveal some interesting perspectives regarding the power consumption of AMOLED displays in multimedia applications.
Lymph Node Count From Neck Dissection Predicts Mortality in Head and Neck Cancer (2016)

Purpose Multiple smaller studies have demonstrated an association between overall survival and lymph node (LN) count from neck dissection in patients with head and neck cancer. This is a large cohort study to examine these associations by using a national cancer database. Patients and Methods The National Cancer Database was used to identify patients who underwent upfront nodal dissection for mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma between 2004 and 2013. Patients were stratified by LN count into those with < 18 nodes and those with ≥ 18 nodes on the basis of prior work. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was constructed to predict hazard of mortality. Stratified models predicted hazard of mortality both for patients who were both node negative and node positive. Results There were 45,113 patients with ≥ 18 LNs and 18,865 patients with < 18 LNs examined. The < 18 LN group, compared with the ≥ 18 LN group, had more favorable tumor characteristics, with a lower proportion of T3 and T4 lesions (27.9% v 39.8%), fewer patients with positive nodes (46.6% v 60.5%), and lower rates of extracapsular extension (9.3% v 15.1%). Risk-adjusted Cox models predicting hazard of mortality by LN count showed an 18% increased hazard of death for patients with < 18 nodes examined (hazard ratio [HR] 1.18; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.22). When stratified by clinical nodal stage, there was an increased hazard of death in both groups (node negative: HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.17 to 1.32; node positive: HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.19). Conclusion The results of our study demonstrate a significant overall survival advantage in both patients who are clinically node negative and node positive when ≥ 18 LNs are examined after neck dissection, which suggests that LN count is a potential quality metric for neck dissection.
Pitfalls and tips in Inoue balloon mitral commissurotomy (1996)

Balloon mitral commissurotomy is a safe and effective alternative therapeutic modality in selected patients with significant rheumatic mitral stenosis. Since its introduction in 1984, Inoue balloon mitral commissurotomy has gained wider acceptance over other balloon valvuloplasty techniques because it is technically less demanding and associated with fewer complications. Nevertheless, certain pitfalls which may make the procedure more difficult or create complications are sometimes encountered. In this article, we offer tips to facilitate a safe and expeditious execution of Inoue balloon mitral commissurotomy based on our experience with over 1,000 procedures.
MMP–TIMP interaction depends on residue 2 in TIMP‐4 (2001)

Extracellular matrix remodeling and degradation are of great importance in both physiological and pathological situations. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their natural occurring inhibitors - tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) - are involved in matrix turnover. Among the TIMPs there is only little specificity for inhibiting individual MMPs. In this report we describe the mutational analysis of the interaction of human TIMP-4 with several MMPs. The effects of different substitutions of residue 2 (Ser(2)) in the inhibitory domain of TIMP-4 were determined by kinetic measurements. Size, charge and polarity of residue 2 in the TIMP structure are key factors in MMP inhibition.
An implantable semiconductor beta-radiation detector (1977)

An implantable beta-radiation detector suitable for the measurement of reginal blood flow in the experimental animal by the indicator clearance principle is described. A lithium-drifted silicon diode encapsulated in a stainless steel case is sutured over the site of interest. A suitable beta-emitting isotope, such as 85Kr in saline solution, is injected into the arterial supply and its calibrated against a mechanical system and showed excellent agreement up to 600 ml/100 g per min. At very high rates beyond the physiological range, flow was underestimated by a maximum of 10%. In vivo comparisons of myocardial blood flow assessed by the beta detector did not agree well with estimates of flow from a precordial counter or by the microsphere technique. Possible reasons are spatial heterogeneity of regional myocardial blood flow, the greatly different masses of tissue involved, or our inability to achieve sufficient numbers of spheres for accuracy in a 50-mg mass of tissue. The unit was still functional after 50 days in a chronic animal.
Photocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol Using Titanium Dioxide/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composite (2007)

Titanium dioxide/single-walled carbon nanotube TiO2/SWNT composites were prepared for photocatalytic applications. Thecomposites were characterized using UV-visible and Raman spectroscopy, zeta-potential measurements, cyclic voltammetrycoupled with a photoreactor, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersiveX-ray spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 and the TiO2/SWNT composite was investigated using the photo-oxidationof methanol in sulfuric acid as supporting electrolyte. The results indicate that the TiO2/SWNT composite enhances the photocatalyticactivity compared to TiO2 alone. Electrochemical studies of the TiO2/SWNT composite were also carried out in varioussupporting electrolytes and the presence of SWNTs was shown to increase the current achieved in voltammetric measurements.
Fourier‐transform infrared studies of polymer blends. II. Poly(ϵ‐caprolactone)–poly(vinyl chloride) system (1979)

Abstract Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) studies of the poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL)–poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) blend system are presented. The results indicate that there are specific interactions between the PCL and PVC in both the molten and solid states which could be responsible for the apparent compatibility of the amorphous component of these blends. Additionally, FTIR difference spectra are presented to illustrate the potential of this technique for following the kinetics of crystallinity in polymer blend systems.
A novel optoelectronic interface-circuit design for sensing applications (1996)

A novel and commercially viable optoelectronic interface is proposed for sensors measuring optical attenuation. Emphasis is given to commonly neglected background-noise-interference and dynamic-range-limitation problems. A modulated laser-diode, together with optical and electrical filtering, reduces the optical noise to less than a measurable level, even in extremely bright "light-infested" surroundings. In addition, an effective approach is introduced for substantially increasing the sensor's dynamic range. The power of the light-source is monitored in a dynamic intensity-control loop designed to perform "floating-point" measurements according to the attenuation in the optical path. The sensor acquires the combined dynamic ranges of the detector and light-source circuits.
Transition-metal complex-catalyzed reductive N-heterocyclization: synthesis of 4(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives from N-(2-nitrobenzoyl)amides (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransition-metal complex-catalyzed reductive N-heterocyclization: synthesis of 4(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives from N-(2-nitrobenzoyl)amidesMotohiro Akazome, Teruyuki Kondo, and Yoshihisa WatanabeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 2, 310–312Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00054a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00054a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views676Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Pregnancy Disorders That Lead to Delivery Before the 28th Week of Gestation: An Epidemiologic Approach to Classification (2008)

Epidemiologists have grouped the multiple disorders that lead to preterm delivery before the 28th week of gestation in a variety of ways. The authors sought to identify characteristics that would help guide how to classify disorders that lead to such preterm delivery. They enrolled 1,006 women who delivered a liveborn singleton infant of less than 28 weeks' gestation at 14 centers in the United States between 2002 and 2004. Each delivery was classified by presentation: preterm labor (40%), prelabor premature rupture of membranes (23%), preeclampsia (18%), placental abruption (11%), cervical incompetence (5%), and fetal indication/intrauterine growth restriction (3%). Using factor analysis (eigenvalue = 1.73) to compare characteristics identified by standardized interview, chart review, placental histology, and placental microbiology among the presentation groups, the authors found 2 broad patterns. One pattern, characterized by histologic chorioamnionitis and placental microbe recovery, was associated with preterm labor, prelabor premature rupture of membranes, placental abruption, and cervical insufficiency. The other, characterized by a paucity of organisms and inflammation but the presence of histologic features of dysfunctional placentation, was associated with preeclampsia and fetal indication/intrauterine growth restriction. Disorders leading to preterm delivery may be separated into two groups: those associated with intrauterine inflammation and those associated with aberrations of placentation.
Frame packing algorithms for automotive applications (2006)

The set of frames exchanged in automotive applications must meet two constraints: it has to be feasible from a schedulability point of view and it should minimize the network bandwidth consumption. This latter point is important since it allows the use of low cost electronic components and it facilitates an incremental design process. The purpose of this study is to propose efficient algorithms for solving the NP-hard problem of generating a set of schedulable frames that minimize the bandwidth usage. This study presents novel algorithms for building bandwidth-minimizing sets of frames that meet the schedulability requirement. In our experiments, these proposals have proved to be more effective than the existing approaches.
Comprehensive Rake-a novel and practical receiver architecture offering improved performance (2002)

This paper describes a novel and practical Rake receiver architecture for demodulation of spread spectrum signals in a multipath propagation environment offering significant benefits over existing architectures. Previous designs of Rake receiver were ineffective at combining the energy from a large number of multipath components, particularly for rapidly changing channels. The new type of receiver described here combines the functions of the searcher needed for initial signal acquisition with those of the Rake processor. The result is a practical implementation which is able, optimally, to adjust to the changing channel conditions at all times.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ataxin-3 binds VCP/p97 and regulates retrotranslocation of ERAD substrates (2006)

Expansion of a polyglutamine tract in ataxin-3 (AT3) results in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease, one of the nine polyglutamine neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the normal functions of AT3 as well as its function in the context of expansion of the polyglutamine tract is critical for understanding the disease process. AT3 is a deubiquitylating enzyme with limited information on its cellular functions. We find that transfecting cells with AT3 increases cellular levels of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) substrates, CD3delta and TCRalpha, but does not alter levels of several non-ERAD substrates. AT3 increases the level of CD3delta by decreasing its degradation; pathogenic AT3 decreases degradation to a greater extent than wild-type AT3. Knock-down of endogenous AT3 decreases levels of CD3delta, suggesting that a normal function of AT3 is to regulate levels of ERAD substrates. AT3 binds VCP/p97, a key protein responsible for extracting ERAD substrates from the ER; binding is modulated by the size of the polyglutamine tract, and mutating a sequence adjacent to the polyglutamine tract inhibits the AT3-VCP interaction and AT3-dependent accumulation of CD3delta. AT3 and Ufd1 bind VCP in a mutually exclusive manner; AT3 decreases the interaction of VCP with Ufd1 as well as with ubiquitylated proteins. Using a reconstituted system, AT3 inhibits retrotranslocation of an ERAD substrate from the ER. These data suggest that a normal function of AT3 is to regulate flow through the ERAD pathway by modulating VCP-dependent extraction of proteins from the ER.
Folic Acid Metabolism In Health And Disease (1990)

Historical Perspective on Key Advances the Biochemistry and Physiology of Folates Intestinal Absorption of Dietary Folates Intestinal Transport of Monoglutamyl Folates Mammalian Systems Folate Metabolism Synergistic Growth Inhibition by Combination of Antifolates Proteins Involved the Transport of Folates and Antifolates by Normal and Neoplastic Cells Microbiological Assay of Folates Animal Assays for Folate Bioavailability: A Critical Evaluation Stable-Isotopic Methods for in vivo Investigation of Folate Absorption and Metabolism Analysis of Tissue Folate Composition Development of Human Folate Deficiency Evaluation of Folate Nutrition Population Groups Folate Nutrition Infancy Folate Nutrition Adolescents and Adults Drug-Folate Interrelationships: Historical Aspects and Current Concepts.
Chemoselective reductions of 2‐acyl‐1<i>H</i>‐indole‐3‐carboxaldehydes (1985)

Abstract A novel procedure for the chemoselective reduction of 2‐acyl‐1 H ‐indole‐3‐carboxaldehydes has been developed. Low temperature lithium triethylborohydride reduction affords the indol‐2‐yl carbinol whilst sodium cyanoborohydride reduction in acetic acid affords the 3‐hydroxymethyl analogs. Both processes are high yield, and provide access to intermediates of potential utility for indole alkaloid synthesis.
Generation of Nanometer Particles by Gas Condensation in a Supersonic Jet (1994)

Abstract In order to take advantage of the unique properties of nanophase materials, techniques and processes have to be developed which provide for sufficient yields with good control. This paper describes a process whereby the nanoclusters of zinc are produced by nucleation of a zinc vapor in a supersonic jet and collected by thermophoresis on a surface cooled by liquid nitrogen. The effects of metal vapor fraction and back pressure on cluster size are presented as well as information on the hardness of nanocrystalline zinc. The results show the scheme works to produce nanophase materials but must be extended to higher temperature operation and produce higher yields in a continuous process to be viable for an industrial application.
Relationship between idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, eosinophilic leukemia, and systemic mastocytosis (2004)

Chronic eosinophilic leukemia is a neoplastic condition with persistent eosinophilia as the major hematological abnormality and with the eosinophils being part of the neoplastic clone. Some cases can be recognized by traditional hematological criteria, but many can be recognized only when a clonal cytogenetic or molecular genetic abnormality is demonstrated. A range of cytogenetic and molecular genetic abnormalities has been recognized, including both those seen in other myeloid malignancies (such as trisomy 8, monosomy 7, and 20q-) and those that are particularly linked to eosinophil differentiation (such as rearrangements of PDGFRB, FGFR1, and PDGFRA, the latter with formation of a FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene). The discovery of the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene has led to the recognition that many patients who would previously have been regarded as having idiopathic hypereosinophilia actually have chronic eosinophilic leukemia. The same fusion gene has also been found in patients with hypereosinophilia and atypical bone marrow mast cells but whether this syndrome should be regarded as a variant of eosinophilic leukemia or as a variant of systemic mastocytosis remains to be established.
Effect of moderate hypothermia on gene expression by THP-1 cells: a DNA microarray study (2006)

The mechanisms by which moderate hypothermia (32 degrees C for 12-72 h) affect human cellular function are unclear. We tested the hypothesis that it produces broad changes in mRNA expression in vitro. Acute monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cells were incubated under control conditions (37 degrees C) or moderate hypothermia (32 degrees C) for 24 h. RNA was extracted, and the hypothermic response was confirmed by examining the expression of the cold-induced RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) gene by RT-PCR. Gene expression analysis was performed on seven sets of paired samples with Affymetrix U133A chips using established statistical methods. Sequences were considered affected by cold if they showed statistically significant changes in expression and also met published post hoc filter criteria (changes in geometric mean expression of > or =2-fold and expression calls of "present" or "marginal" in at least half of the experiments). Changes in the expression of selected sequences were further confirmed by PCR. Sixty-seven sequences met the criteria for increased expression (including cold-inducible genes CIRBP and RNA binding motif 3), and 100 sequences showed decreased expression as a result of hypothermia. Functional categories affected by hypothermia included genes involved in immune responses; cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation; and metabolism and biosynthesis. Several heat shock proteins (HSPs) showed decreases in expression. Moderate hypothermia produces substantial changes in gene expression, in categories potentially of systemic importance. Cold exposure without rewarming decreased the expression of several HSPs. These in vitro findings suggest that prolonged hypothermia in vivo might be capable of producing physiologically relevant changes in gene expression by circulating leukocytes.
Cyclic Octa‐ and Decapeptides as Ionophores for Magnesium (1985)

Abstract Cyclic octa‐ and decapeptides have been prepared, and their ion selectivity in solvent polymeric membranes was studied. Cyclo(‐LPro‐DLeu‐) 5 behaves as an ionophore which selects Mg 2+ over Ca 2+ by a factor of 100. Cyclo(LPro‐LLeu) 5 induces selectivity in membranes for Mg 2+ over Li + , Na + and K + by a factor of 400, 200 and 10, respectively, while selectivity of Mg 2+ over Ca 2+ is poor. Some evidence is presented which indicates that certain ionophores exhibit high selectivity for monovalent magnesium complexes.
Mainstreamed Mobiles in Daily Life: Perspectives and Prospects (2008)

This book focuses on the increasing use of mobile communication in people’s daily lives. This chapter presents people’s willingness to use, and the accessibility of, technology, both of which have made the spread of mobile communication easier, although there are still individuals and groups that have rejected the technology. The book highlights the different uses of mobile technology, of which talking and texting remain at the top of the list followed by gaming, music, video-recording, and photography. The chapter highlights how mobile technology uses in the field of politics, economic development, and security, have been discussed in the book. The book also discusses the negative or destructive consequences of using mobile communication technology, including aiding terror attacks and creating problems in managing personal relationships.
A2N: Attending to Neighbors for Knowledge Graph Inference (2019)

State-of-the-art models for knowledge graph completion aim at learning a fixed embedding representation of entities in a multirelational graph which can generalize to infer unseen entity relationships at test time. This can be sub-optimal as it requires memorizing and generalizing to all possible entity relationships using these fixed representations. We thus propose a novel attentionbased method to learn query-dependent representation of entities which adaptively combines the relevant graph neighborhood of an entity leading to more accurate KG completion. The proposed method is evaluated on two benchmark datasets for knowledge graph completion, and experimental results show that the proposed model performs competitively or better than existing state-of-the-art, including recent methods for explicit multi-hop reasoning. Qualitative probing offers insight into how the model can reason about facts involving multiple hops in the knowledge graph, through the use of neighborhood attention.