gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on carrier transport mechanism in ultrathin-body SOI MOSFETs (2003)

The electrical characteristics of ultrathin-body SOI CMOSFETs are intensively investigated. It is demonstrated that electron mobility increases as SOI thickness decreases, when SOI thickness, T/sub SOI/, is in the range from 3.5 nm to 4.5 nm. On the other hand, hole mobility decreases monotonically as T/sub SOI/ decreases. In addition, it is demonstrated that, when SOI thickness is thinner than 4 nm, slight (even atomic-level) SOI thickness fluctuations have a significant impact on threshold voltage, gate-channel capacitance, and carrier mobility of ultrathin-body CMOSFETs.
Octamer 4 (Oct4) mediates chemotherapeutic drug resistance in liver cancer cells through a potential Oct4–AKT–ATP‐binding cassette G2 pathway† (2010)

Oct4, a transcriptional factor of pluripotent cells, can mediate chemoresistance through a potential Oct4-AKT-ABCG2 pathway.
A Novel Antimicrobial Substance from a Strain of the Bacterium,<i>Vibrio</i>SP (1994)

Abstract The structure of a novel antimicrobial substance (1) isolated from a strain of the bacterium, Vibrio sp., was determined to be 7,7-bis(3-indolyl)-p-cresol on the basis of spectroscopic data. The substance showed specific inhibition against Bacillus subtilis with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 70 μg/ml but did not affect the growth of other test microorganisms.
GPS/Galileo Multipath Detection and Mitigation Using Closed‐Form Solutions (2009)

We propose an efficient method for the detection of Line of Sight (LOS) and Multipath (MP) signals in global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) which is based on the use of virtual MP mitigation (VMM) technique. By using the proposed method, the MP signals′ delay and coefficient amplitudes can be efficiently estimated. According to the computer simulation results, it is obvious that our proposed method is a solution for obtaining high performance in the estimation and mitigation of MP signals and thus it results in a high accuracy in GNSS positioning.
Design of Rectangular Transmission Gratings Fabricated in LiNbO<sub>3</sub> for High-Power Terahertz-Wave Generation (2010)

Precise parameters are investigated for rectangular transmission gratings fabricated in a LiNbO 3 substrate for high-power terahertz-wave generation. Here, a simple setup is considered, where the pumping laser is injected into the grating surface from air or fused silica. The maximum diffraction efficiencies are 0.4 for air and 0.9 for fused silica. The designed gratings have deep grooves with a depth of about 0.5 µm and a width of 0.12–0.14 µm. It was found that the diffraction efficiency is much less sensitive to the groove depth than to the groove width.
Purification and characterization of the invertase from <i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</i>. A comparative analysis with the invertase from <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1990)

Invertase (EC 3.2.1.26) was purified to homogeneity from exponentially growing cells of Schizosaccharomyces pombe fully de-repressed for synthesis of the enzyme, and was shown to be a high-molecular-mass glycoprotein that can be dissociated in the presence of 8 M-urea/1% SDS into identical subunits with an apparent molecular mass of 205 kDa. The carbohydrate moiety, accounting for 67% of the total mass, is composed of equimolar amounts of mannose and galactose. There is a small amount of glucosamine, which is probably involved in the linkage to the protein moiety, since the enzyme is sensitive to treatment with endoglycosidase H. The composition of the carbohydrate moiety resembles that found in higher-eukaryotic glycoproteins and differs from glycoproteins found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The protein portion of each subunit is a polypeptide of molecular mass 60 kDa, very similar to the invertase of Sacch. cerevisiae. Both proteins cross-react with antibodies raised against the protein fractions of the other, indicating that the two enzymes are similar.
Scaling properties of paleomagnetic reversal sequence (1996)

Abstract. The history of reversals of main geomagnetic field during last 160 My is analyzed as a sequence of events, presented as a point set on the time axis. Different techniques were applied including the method of boxcounting, dispersion counter-scaling, multifractal analysis and examination of attractor behaviour in multidimensional phase space. The existence of a crossover point at time interval 0.5-1.0 My was clearly identified, dividing the whole time range into two subranges with different scaling properties. The long-term subrange is characterized by monofractal dimension 0.88 and by an attractor, whose correlation dimension converges to 1.0, that provides evidence of a deterministic dynamical system in this subrange, similar to most existing dynamo models. In the short-term subrange the fractal dimension estimated by different methods varies from 0.47 to 0.88 and the dimensionality of the attractor is obtained to be about 3.7. These results are discussed in terms of non-linear superposition of processes in the Earth's geospheres.
Alternative methods for field usability research (2003)

Field usability research involves observing people in their own environments-for example, workplaces, homes, and schools-to learn their normal or natural behavior. Through field research, we can gain an in-depth understanding of the goals, needs, and activities of people who use the products and documentation we design and develop. This paper introduces three field research methods-condensed contextual inquiry, ethnographic interviewing, and field usability testing-illustrated with a short case history of each method. The paper then describes when and why to use each method, that is, how to choose the appropriate method for different data-collection goals.
The Cornea in Sjogren’s Syndrome: An In Vivo Confocal Study (2007)

Corneal thickness, cells, and nerves show morphologic changes in patients with dry eye associated with SS. The in vivo confocal study of these alterations may be important in better understanding the complexity of the ocular surface morphofunctional unit and the potentials of therapeutic approaches for the control of the phlogistic process and neuroprotection.
Multimicrophone noise reduction using recursive GSVD-based optimal filtering with ANC postprocessing stage (2004)

Recently, a generalized singular value decomposition (GSVD)-based optimal filtering technique has been proposed for enhancing multimicrophone speech signals degraded by additive colored noise. The GSVD-based optimal filtering technique has a better noise reduction performance than standard beamforming techniques provided that the used filter length is large enough. In this paper, it is shown that the same noise reduction performance can be obtained with shorter filter lengths at a lower computational complexity by incorporating the GSVD-based optimal filtering technique in a generalized sidelobe canceller type structure, i.e., by adding an adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) postprocessing stage. Even when using short filter lengths, the total computational complexity is essentially determined by the calculation of the GSVD of a speech and a noise data matrix. It is shown that the complexity can be significantly reduced by using recursive GSVD-updating algorithms and by using subsampling. Simulations have been performed for various acoustic scenarios (different and multiple noise sources and different reverberation conditions), where both the improvement in signal-to-noise ratio and speech distortion have been analyzed. These simulations show that the GSVD-based optimal filtering technique with an ANC postprocessing stage has a better noise reduction performance than standard fixed and adaptive beamforming techniques while introducing an acceptable amount of speech distortion.
Characterization of Exotoxin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1974)

Heat-labile exotoxin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been purified and concentrated. Studies in mice have shown that the toxin affects protein synthesis in the liver within 3 hr of administration, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis in other organs occurs only during terminal stages. In short-term experiments in vitro, punfied exotoxin did not inhibit ingestion or killing of bacteria by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Adhesion of monocytes to type I collagen stimulates an APP-dependent proinflammatory signaling response and release of Aβ1-40 (2010)

These data demonstrate that APP is involved in classic integrin-dependent tyrosine kinase-associated adhesion and activation of peripheral monocytic cells. Moreover, divergent APP-dependent signaling is required for increased secretion of both IL-1beta and Abeta1-40 as a component of the adhesion-dependent change in phenotype. This suggests that APP may have a broad role in not only mediating cell-matrix adhesion but also in the function of peripheral immune cells.
Efficient Partitioning and Allocation of Data for Workflow Compositions (2016)

Our aim is to provide efficient partitioning and allocation of data for web service compositions. Web service compositions are represented as partial order database transactions. We accommodate a variety of transaction types, such as read-only and write-oriented transactions, to support workloads in cloud environments. We introduce an approach that partitions and allocates small units of data, called micropartitions, to multiple database nodes. Each database node stores only the data needed to support a specific workload. Transactions are routed directly to the appropriate data nodes. Our approach guarantees serializability and efficient execution. In Phase 1, we cluster transactions based on data requirements. We associate each cluster with an abstract query definition. An abstract query represents the minimal data requirement that would satisfy all the queries that belong to a given cluster. A micropartition is generated by executing the abstract query on the original database. We show that our abstract query definition is complete and minimal. Intuitively, completeness means that all queries of the corresponding cluster can be correctly answered using the micropartition generated from the abstract query. The minimality property means that no smaller partition of the data can satisfy all of the queries in the cluster. We also aim to support efficient web services execution. Our approach reduces the number of data accesses to distributed data. We also aim to limit the number of replica updates. Our empirical results show that the partitioning approach improves data access efficiency over standard partitioning of data. In Phase 2, we investigate the performance improvement via parallel execution.Based on the data allocation achieved in Phase I, we develop a scheduling approach. Our approach guarantees serializability while efficiently exploiting parallel execution of web services. We achieve conflict serializability by scheduling conflicting operations in a predefined order. This order is based on the calculation of a minimal delay requirement. We use this delay to schedule services to preserve serializability without the traditional locking mechanisms.
Three‐dimensional hysterosalpingo‐contrast sonography (3D‐HyCoSy) as an outpatient procedure to assess infertile women: a pilot study (2000)

3D-HyCoSy provided advantages of better assessment of uterine cavity over XHSG. Compared with conventional XHSG, the efficacy of 3D-HyCoSy to assess tubal patency was acceptable. In addition, the procedure of 3D-HyCoSy appears to be better tolerated, requiring no sedation or anesthesia and a reduced examination time. Thus, 3D-HyCoSy with saline as a contrast medium is feasible and could comprise a routine outpatient procedure in the initial evaluation of infertile women.
48.3: A Liquid Crystal Display Response Time Compensation Feature Integrated into an LCD Panel Timing Controller (2003)

Abstract The electro‐optic response times of the principal LCD modes are not fast enough for video applications. Applying a one‐frame acceleration voltage, in lieu of the correct video command, can compensate the slow response time. This paper discusses the operation and design choices of a timing controller with an embedded LCD response time compensator (RTC).
Mechanisms of progression of chronic renal damage. (2000)

The amount of protein in the urine is a strong predictor of subsequent loss of renal function. Proteinuria and tubular atrophy have been linked with progressive renal insufficiency. In the last few years several studies have indicated that smoking is also a risk factor in the progression of renal disease. In addition, a number of studies have suggested that higher levels of blood pressure are associated with a faster decline in renal function. A number of cytokines, vasoactive compounds, chemoattractant molecules and growth factors are upregulated during the course of progressive renal disease in experimental animals. Recent data indicate that vasoconstrictor substances have a key role in the initial phases of this process. In particular, angiotensin II is increased following the development of renal injury. Angiotensin in turn upregulates the expression of other factors including: transforming growth factor beta, tumor necrosis alpha, nuclear factor kappaB and several chemoattractant compounds. Other vasoactive compounds (endothelin, thromboxane A2 and prostaglandins) may also be upregulated during the course of progressive renal disease
Isolation and characterization of transposon-induced mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa deficient in production of exoenzyme S (1984)

Exoenzyme S is an extracellular product of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This enzyme catalyzes the transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD to a number of as yet unidentified eucaryotic proteins, but it is distinct from toxin A. To evaluate the role of exoenzyme S in the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa, we isolated transposon-induced mutants of strain 388, a clinical isolate that produces exoenzyme S but no toxin A. The transposon Tn1 was introduced by using a temperature-sensitive derivative of plasmid RP1. A Tn1-induced mutant was found which had no detectable exoenzyme S activity or antigen in culture supernatants or in cell lysates. Except for its lack of exoenzyme S and resistance to carbenicillin, this mutant was indistinguishable from the parent strain. When tested in an experimental mouse burn infection model, this Tn1-induced mutant was reduced in virulence by at least 2,000-fold, suggesting a role for exoenzyme S in the virulence of this strain.
Relationship between Cell Surface Carbohydrates and Intrastrain Variation on Opsonophagocytosis of<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (1999)

Streptococcus pneumoniae undergoes spontaneous phase variation between a transparent and an opaque colony phenotype, the latter being more virulent in a murine model of sepsis. Opaque pneumococci have previously been shown to express lower amounts of C polysaccharide (cell wall teichoic acid) and in this study were shown to have a higher content of capsular polysaccharide by immunoelectron microscopy. This report then examined the relationship between expression of these two cell surface carbohydrate structures and their relative contribution to the increased virulence of opaque variants. Comparison of genetically related strains showed that the differential content of capsular polysaccharide did not affect the amount of teichoic acid as measured by a capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In contrast, when the teichoic acid structure was altered by replacing choline in the growth medium with structural analogs, the quantity of capsular polysaccharide as measured by a capture ELISA was decreased, demonstrating a linkage in the expression of the two surface carbohydrate structures. A standardized assay was used to assess the relative contribution of cell surface carbohydrates to opsonophagocytosis. The opaque variants required 1.2- to 30-fold more immune human serum to achieve 50% opsonophagocytic killing than did related transparent variants (types 6B and 9V). The opsonophagocytic titer was proportional to the quantity of capsular polysaccharide rather than teichoic acid. The major factor in binding of the opsonin, C-reactive protein (CRP), was also the amount of capsular polysaccharide rather than the teichoic acid ligand. Only for the transparent variant (type 6B), which bound more CRP, was there enhanced opsonophagocytic killing in the presence of this serum protein. Increased expression of capsular polysaccharide, therefore, appeared to be the major factor in the decreased opsonophagocytic killing of opaque pneumococci.
Algorithmic decision suport for train scheduling in a large and highly utilised railway network (2009)

This thesis addresses the general problem of constructing train schedules, in particular for large and highly utilised railway networks.Commercial requirements for the timetable are assumed to be given, and the task is to provide detailed conflict-free track paths for each train that fulfil these requirements.In the thesis, a comprehensive approach from the commercial description of intended train services to a conflict-free detailed schedule for a whole day is developed.The methodology follows a divide-and-conquer strategy based on three description levels: the service intention, the macroscopic timetable, and the microscopic schedule.The levels are interfaced in such a way that planners have the possibility of intervening into the specifications on every level, and enabling a feedback loops for testing different alternative scenarios.
Isolation of the Heterofullerene C <sub>59</sub> N as Its Dimer (C <sub>59</sub> N) <sub>2</sub> (1995)

The heterofullerene ion C(59)N(+) is formed efficiently in the gas phase during fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy of a cluster-opened N-MEM (N-methoxyethoxy methyl) ketolactam. This transformation is shown to occur also in solution in the presence of strong acid, affording biazafullerenyl (C(59)N)(2) in good yield. It is proposed that the azafullerene dimer is formed upon in situ reduction of the highly reactive azafulleronium ion. The isolation and characterization of biazafullerenyl opens a viable route for the preparation of other heterofullerenes in solution.
Tricyclic Thiazolopyrazole Derivatives as Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 Positive Allosteric Modulators (2011)

There is an increasing amount of evidence to support that activation of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGlu4 receptor), either with an orthosteric agonist or a positive allosteric modulator (PAM), provides impactful interventions in diseases such as Parkinson's disease, anxiety, and pain. mGlu4 PAMs may have several advantages over mGlu4 agonists for a number of reasons. As part of our efforts in identifying therapeutics for central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as Parkinson's disease, we have been focusing on metabotropic glutamate receptors. Herein we report our studies with a series of tricyclic thiazolopyrazoles as mGlu4 PAMs.
Phosphonium ion fragmentation relevant to organophosphonate biodegradation (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhosphonium ion fragmentation relevant to organophosphonate biodegradationL. Z. Avila and J. W. FrostCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 24, 8969–8970Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00206a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00206a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The design and architecture of the Microsoft Cluster Service-a practical approach to high-availability and scalability (2002)

Microsoft Cluster Service (MSCS) extends the Windows NT operating system to support high-availability services. The goal is to offer an execution environment where off-the-shelf server applications can continue to operate, even in the presence of node failures. Later versions of MSCS will provide scalability via a node and application management system which allows applications to scale to hundreds of nodes. In this paper we provide a detailed description of the MSCS architecture and the design decisions that have driven the implementation of the service. The paper also describes how some major applications use the MSCS features, and describes features added to make it easier to implement and manage fault-tolerant applications on MSCS.
Software safety: why, what, and how (1986)

Software safety issues become important when computers are used to control real-time, safety-critical processes. This survey attempts to explain why there is a problem, what the problem is, and what is known about how to solve it. Since this is a relatively new software research area, emphasis is placed on delineating the outstanding issues and research topics.
Principles of perceptual organization and spatial distortion: The gestalt illusions. (1980)

In five interleaved experiments, conducted with 94 observers, it is shown that organization of the visual field according to gestalt principles results in measurable spatial distortions. Using the principles of proximity, similarity, good continuation, and two types of closure, it was found that interior distances (within a perceptual unit or group) are underestimated relative to exterior distances. The relationship between these spatial distortions and the resultant perceptual organization are discussed.
Toward A Use Of Ontology To Reinforcing Semantic Classification Of Message Based On Lsa (2010)

For best collaboration, Asynchronous tools and particularly the discussion forums are the most used thanks to their flexibility in terms of time. To convey only the messages that belong to a theme of interest of the tutor in order to help him during his tutoring work, use of a tool for classification of these messages is indispensable. For this we have proposed a semantics classification tool of messages of a discussion forum that is based on LSA (Latent Semantic Analysis), which includes a thesaurus to organize the vocabulary. Benefits offered by formal ontology can overcome the insufficiencies that a thesaurus generates during its use and encourage us then to use it in our semantic classifier. In this work we propose the use of some functionalities that a OWL ontology proposes. We then explain how functionalities like “ObjectProperty", "SubClassOf" and “Datatype" property make our classification more intelligent by way of integrating new terms. New terms found are generated based on the first terms introduced by tutor and semantic relations described by OWL formalism.