gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HF wet etching of oxide after ion implantation (2002)

Experimental study of wet etching of oxide in diluted HF solution is presented for different ion implantation dosage and energy. This wet etching is used as a mean of wafer cleaning at various steps of VLSI processing. It is shown that the etching rate of oxide is a strong function of ion implantation dosage and energy. The oxide wet etch rate can be restored to non-implanted oxide etch rate after 30 min anneal at 700/spl deg/C. The increase of etch rate after ion implantation is attributed to the breakage of Si-O bonds.
Servo-Controlled Infrared Optometer* (1970)

A device is described that provides an electrical signal proportional to the instantaneous refractive power of the human eye. Infrared light illuminates a target whose optical distance from the subject’s eye can be changed rapidly. The position of this target is servo controlled in such a way that it remains conjugate with the retina regardless of changes of the subject’s state of accommodation. The position of the target provides a direct measure of refractive power. The device may be used on an undrugged eye and does not interfere with normal visual tasks.
Equivalent Formulations of Inventory Control Problems (1981)

Abstract A general multi-item periodic-review inventory control problem is formulated in several ways, each reflecting a different point of view of the decision maker. These formulations are evaluated with respect to implementation criteria of: (i) technical difficulty in obtaining an optimal solution from the model, (ii) estimation effort required to find the values of the parameters in the model, (iii) effort needed to maintain the model continuously updated during the inventory management process. The most promising one is then compared with the conventional formulation, where the objective function is expressed as the sum of expected inventory holding and shortage costs. It is shown that both formulations lead to the same optimal solution under a certain budgetary constraint. This result offers an instrument for implementation improvements in inventory control systems.
BISMUTH (2003)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTBISMUTHNEIL BURFORDView Author Information DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITYCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2003, 81, 36, 156Publication Date (Print):September 8, 2003Publication History Published online13 November 2010Published inissue 8 September 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v081n036.p156https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v081n036.p156newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Bismuth Get e-Alerts
Recovery and Detection of <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 in Surface Water, Using Ultrafiltration and Real-Time PCR (2009)

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC O157:H7) outbreaks have revealed the need for improved analytical techniques for environmental samples. Ultrafiltration (UF) is increasingly recognized as an effective procedure for concentrating and recovering microbes from large volumes of water and treated wastewater. This study describes the application of hollow-fiber UF as the primary step for concentrating EHEC O157:H7 seeded into 40-liter samples of surface water, followed by an established culture/immunomagnetic-separation (IMS) method and a suite of real-time PCR assays. Three TaqMan assays were used to detect the stx1, stx2, and rfbE gene targets. The results from this study indicate that approximately 50 EHEC O157:H7 cells can be consistently recovered from a 40-liter surface water sample and detected by culture and real-time PCR. Centrifugation was investigated and shown to be a viable alternative to membrane filtration in the secondary culture/IMS step when water quality limits the volume of water that can be processed by a filter. Using multiple PCR assay sets to detect rfbE, stx1, and stx2 genes allowed for specific detection of EHEC O157:H7 from strains that do not possess all three genes. The reported sample collection and analysis procedure should be a sensitive and effective tool for detecting EHEC O157:H7 in response to outbreaks of disease associated with contaminated water.
Suppression of metastases of small cell lung cancer cells in mice by a peptidic CXCR4 inhibitor TF14016 (2012)

CXCL12 is a chemokine essential for the organ-specific spread of a variety of cancers including small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Here, we examined the anti-metastatic efficacy of TF14016, a small peptidic inhibitor of CXCL12 receptor CXCR4, in SCLC. Treatment of mice with TF14016 significantly suppressed pulmonary metastases of CXCR4-expressing SCLC in size and number. Furthermore, histological examination revealed that the expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor and the density of CD31-positive microvessels in metastatic foci were both significantly reduced in TF14016-treated mice. Collectively, CXCR4 could be an attractive target for anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic therapy in SCLC.
Resource Allocation and Cross-Layer Control in Wireless Networks (2005)

Information flow in a telecommunication network is accomplished through the interaction of mechanisms at various design layers with the end goal of supporting the information exchange needs of the applications. In wireless networks in particular, the different layers interact in a nontrivial manner in order to support information transfer. In this text we will present abstract models that capture the cross-layer interaction from the physical to transport layer in wireless network architectures including cellular, ad-hoc and sensor networks as well as hybrid wireless-wireline. The model allows for arbitrary network topologies as well as traffic forwarding modes, including datagrams and virtual circuits. Furthermore the time varying nature of a wireless network, due either to fading channels or to changing connectivity due to mobility, is adequately captured in our model to allow for state dependent network control policies. Quantitative performance measures that capture the quality of service requirements in these systems depending on the supported applications are discussed, including throughput maximization, energy consumption minimization, rate utility function maximization as well as general performance functional. Cross-layer control algorithms with optimal or suboptimal performance with respect to the above measures are presented and analyzed. A detailed exposition of the related analysis and design techniques is provided.
The Enterocutaneous Fistula (1978)

Staff Nurse, Surgery, Surgery University Hospital Ann Arbor, Michigan Clinical Nurse Specialist General Surgery, Surgery University Hospital Ann Arbor, Michigan Assistant Head Nurse, Surgery University Hospital Ann Arbor, Michigan
Characterization of two neuronal subclasses through constellation pharmacology (2012)

Different types of neurons diverge in function because they express their own unique set or constellation of signaling molecules, including receptors and ion channels that work in concert. We describe an approach to identify functionally divergent neurons within a large, heterogeneous neuronal population while simultaneously investigating specific isoforms of signaling molecules expressed in each. In this study we characterized two subclasses of menthol-sensitive neurons from cultures of dissociated mouse dorsal-root ganglia. Although these neurons represent a small fraction of the dorsal-root ganglia neuronal population, we were able to identify them and investigate the cell-specific constellations of ion channels and receptors functionally expressed in each subclass, using a panel of selective pharmacological tools. Differences were found in the functional expression of ATP receptors, TRPA1 channels, voltage-gated calcium-, potassium-, and sodium channels, and responses to physiologically relevant cold temperatures. Furthermore, the cell-specific responses to various stimuli could be altered through pharmacological interventions targeted to the cell-specific constellation of ion channels expressed in each menthol-sensitive subclass. In fact, the normal responses to cold temperature could be reversed in the two neuronal subclasses by the coapplication of the appropriate combination of pharmacological agents. This result suggests that the functionally integrated constellation of signaling molecules in a particular type of cell is a more appropriate target for effective pharmacological intervention than a single signaling molecule. This shift from molecular to cellular targets has important implications for basic research and drug discovery. We refer to this paradigm as "constellation pharmacology."
Scanning of key residues in antibody binding sites by two saturation-mutagenesis approaches. (1991)

The complementarity-determining region 3 of the heavy chain (CDRH3) generally contributes the most to antibody-antigen binding. His101H in CDRH3 of the antibody Se155-4, which is specific for a trisaccharide epitope of Salmonella serotype B O-antigen, was mutated systematically into all nineteen other amino acids by a double mutation approach. Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and affinity chromatography showed that the Asn, Gln, Gly and Ser mutants exhibited moderate to strong activity. Some mutants, such as Thr and Pro, had weak binding activity, while the acidic and hydrophobic amino acid substitutions resulted in complete loss of activity. A second mutation approach which randomly changed a selected residue into all other nineteen amino acids, while precluding wild-type transformants, is also described.
Bionomics of the Apple-Feeding Tortricidae (1973)

With a growing world population and increasingly demanding consumers, the production of sufficient protein from livestock, poultry, and fish represents a serious challenge for the future. Approximately 1,900 insect species are eaten worldwide, mainly in ...Read More
Double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for rapid detection of toxin-producing Corynebacterium diphtheriae (1987)

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determining the toxigenicity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae is presented. The assay uses hyperimmune horse diphtheria antitoxin as a capture antibody and mouse monoclonal diphtheria antitoxin as a detecting antibody. Growth of bacteria and capture of diphtheria toxin by antitoxin are carried out in one step. Toxin produced by as little as 100 toxin-producing corynebacteria is detectable, corresponding to a sensitivity of 10 ng of diphtheria toxin per ml. Demonstration of toxin after incubation of the bacteria for 4.75 h, as well as after 18 h, was in accordance with the modified Elek gel diffusion method and the guinea pig inoculation test. However, heavy inocula incubated overnight produced significantly lower optical density than did diluted inocula; thus, the higher optical density was used as an indicator of toxin production. A decrease in optical density was also seen by shortening the incubation time. For laboratory safety, ethanol was added to the microtiter plate wells before washing out of the bacteria. This resulted in a further decrease in optical density. Using 4.75-h incubation time gave a single false-negative result. No false-positive results were ever seen. Incubation for 18 h is suitable for large-scale screening, and 4.75 h of incubation is suitable for rapid identification of toxin-producing C. diphtheriae.
Specific binding to protein kinase C by ingenol and its induction of biological responses. (1992)

We have examined the ability of ingenol to bind to and activate protein kinase C and to induce similar responses to the phorbol esters in biological systems. The rationale was that ingenol possesses the critical functionalities of the phorbol ester pharmacophore with the exception of the hydrophobic domain; it might therefore possess weak potency, although previous reports had indicated that ingenol was biologically inactive. Our data demonstrate that ingenol indeed binds to protein kinase C with a Ki of 30 microM and activates the enzyme. In addition, ingenol was biologically active in 3 separate cell systems, showing effects similar to the phorbol esters on morphological change, cell-cell communication, epidermal growth factor binding, arachidonic acid metabolite release, and ornithine decarboxylase activity. The 50% effective concentration values for the biological activity of ingenol were between 30 microM and 1 mM, varying somewhat with the cell system and type of response. The biological activity of ingenol in general supports the proposed models of the phorbol ester pharmacophore and imposes additional experimental constraints that the modeling must satisfy.
Neonatal sepsis after prolonged premature rupture of membranes. (1995)

The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the incidence of neonatal sepsis after prolonged premature rupture of membranes (PROM), to correlate sepsis with gestational age and with the duration of PROM, and to evaluate the necessity for prophylactic antibiotic therapy in neonates born after PROM. Of 12,182 infants, 135 (1.1%) were delivered after PROM with a latency period of > 24 hours. Neonatal sepsis occurred in 11 infants (8.1%), 10 of whom were premature. The only term, septic newborn was a small-for-gestational-age infant. A latency period > 72 hours was not associated with an increased incidence of sepsis. Maternal fever, neonatal signs of infection including leukopenia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and positive gastric aspirate cultures, were not good predictors of sepsis. Of premature infants with PROM, 15% had sepsis, and thus the administration of prophylactic antibiotic therapy in these cases may be warranted. However, it may be unnecessary to administer prophylactic antibiotics to term, appropriate-for-gestational-age infants born after PROM.
The Fireball of January 16, 1961 (1961)

Search Bar to Enter New Query quick field: Author First Author Abstract Year Fulltext Select a field or operator abstract abstract only acknowledgements affiliation arXiv category author count author bibcode bibliographic group bib abbrev, e.g. ApJ body of article data archive collection citation count doctype doi entdate first author fulltext identifier inst keyword object orcid page property publication full name date published title volume year citations() pos() references() reviews() similar() topn() trending() useful() single wildcard: ? wildcard: * exact match: = All Search Terms Your search returned 0 results Your search returned 0 results
Risk of hand-foot skin reaction with sorafenib: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2008)

There is a significant risk of HFSR associated with sorafenib. Proper management and further study are recommended to reduce the risk.
Trimethylangelicin reduces IL-8 transcription and potentiates CFTR function (2010)

Chronic inflammatory response in the airway tract of patients affected by cystic fibrosis is characterized by an excessive recruitment of neutrophils to the bronchial lumina, driven by the chemokine interleukin (IL)-8. We previously found that 5-methoxypsoralen reduces Pseudomonas aeruginosa-dependent IL-8 transcription in bronchial epithelial cell lines, with an IC(50) of 10 μM (Nicolis E, Lampronti I, Dechecchi MC, Borgatti M, Tamanini A, Bezzerri V, Bianchi N, Mazzon M, Mancini I, Giri MG, Rizzotti P, Gambari R, Cabrini G. Int Immunopharmacol 9: 1411-1422, 2009). Here, we extended the investigation to analogs of 5-methoxypsoralen, and we found that the most potent effect is obtained with 4,6,4'-trimethylangelicin (TMA), which inhibits P. aeruginosa-dependent IL-8 transcription at nanomolar concentration in IB3-1, CuFi-1, CFBE41o-, and Calu-3 bronchial epithelial cell lines. Analysis of phosphoproteins involved in proinflammatory transmembrane signaling evidenced that TMA reduces the phosphorylation of ribosomal S6 kinase-1 and AKT2/3, which we found indeed involved in P. aeruginosa-dependent activation of IL-8 gene transcription by testing the effect of pharmacological inhibitors. In addition, we found a docking site of TMA into NF-κB by in silico analysis, whereas inhibition of the NF-κB/DNA interactions in vitro by EMSA was observed at high concentrations (10 mM TMA). To further understand whether NF-κB pathway should be considered a target of TMA, chromatin immunoprecipitation was performed, and we observed that TMA (100 nM) preincubated in whole living cells reduced the interaction of NF-κB with the promoter of IL-8 gene. These results suggest that TMA could inhibit IL-8 gene transcription mainly by intervening on driving the recruitment of activated transcription factors on IL-8 gene promoter, as demonstrated here for NF-κB. Although the complete understanding of the mechanism of action of TMA deserves further investigation, an activity of TMA on phosphorylating pathways was already demonstrated by our study. Finally, since psoralens have been shown to potentiate cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-mediated chloride transport, TMA was tested and found to potentiate CFTR-dependent chloride efflux. In conclusion, TMA is a dual-acting compound reducing excessive IL-8 expression and potentiating CFTR function.
On the Repair of Redundant RAM's (1987)

This paper describes a set of novel conditions that can be integrated in a computer-aided-testing (CAT) package for repair of redundant RAM's. A new approach is proposed; the innovative feature of this approach is the independence of analysis on the distribution of faulty bits in memory. This results in better exploitation of redundancy and efficient adaptability of this technique to various testing methods, such as the ones that employ region totalizers and fault counters. Algorithms that provide repair solution and earliest detection of unrepairability of a device are presented. The benefits that result by using this approach include a reduction in repair time. Conditions of unrepairability are given as a function of the number of spare resources (columns and rows) in the redundant memory; significant improvement over existing techniques is accomplished. Simulation results are provided to substantiate the validity of the proposed theory.
Quinoxaline-based conjugated polymers for polymer solar cells (2017)

Recent developments of quinoxaline-based conjugated polymers for polymer solar cells are reviewed.
Breaking Down Link Rot: The Chesapeake Project Legal Information Archive's Examination of URL Stability (2010)

Ms. Rhodes explores URL stability, measured by the prevalence of link rot over a three-year period, among the original URLs for law- and policy-related materials published to the web and archived though the Chesapeake Project, a collaborative digital preservation initiative under way in the law library community. The results demonstrate a significant increase in link rot over time in materials originally published to seemingly stable organization, government, and state web sites.
High-Field Magnetoresistance of Ir<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1972)

The monotonic and oscillatory magnetoresistance of IrO2 is reported and found to be consistent with the Fermi-surface model proposed by Graebner.Received 9 March 1972DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.6.2089©1972 American Physical Society
EFFECT OF COMPRESSIVE UNIAXIAL STRESS ON HIGH FIELD DOMAINS IN <i>n</i>-TYPE Ge (1967)

The effect of compressive uniaxial stress on the threshold field for nucleation of high field domains in n-type Ge at 27°K has been measured. The increase in threshold field is approximately quadratic in stress and is about 15% for a stress of 104 kg/cm2 applied along a 〈100〉 direction parallel to the current and about 37% for a stress of 104 kg/cm2 applied along a 〈100〉 perpendicular to the current. These results indicate that, while in a strong electric field the 〈110〉 valleys are occupied at high stresses, transfer of electrons to these valleys is not the cause of bulk negative differential conductivity in n-type Ge.
Physiology of Resistant Deinococcus geothermalis Bacterium Aerobically Cultivated in Low-Manganese Medium (2012)

This dynamic proteome study describes the physiology of growth and survival of Deinococcus geothermalis, in conditions simulating paper machine waters being aerobic, warm, and low in carbon and manganese. The industrial environment of this species differs from its natural habitats, geothermal springs and deep ocean subsurfaces, by being highly exposed to oxygen. Quantitative proteome analysis using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and bioinformatic tools showed expression change for 165 proteins, from which 47 were assigned to a function. We propose that D. geothermalis grew and survived in aerobic conditions by channeling central carbon metabolism to pathways where mainly NADPH rather than NADH was retrieved from the carbon source. A major part of the carbon substrate was converted into succinate, which was not a fermentation product but likely served combating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Transition from growth to nongrowth resulted in downregulation of the oxidative phosphorylation observed as reduced expression of V-type ATPase responsible for ATP synthesis in D. geothermalis. The battle against oxidative stress was seen as upregulation of superoxide dismutase (Mn dependent) and catalase, as well as several protein repair enzymes, including FeS cluster assembly proteins of the iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein system, peptidylprolyl isomerase, and chaperones. Addition of soluble Mn reinitiated respiration and proliferation with concomitant acidification, indicating that aerobic metabolism was restricted by access to manganese. We conclude that D. geothermalis prefers to combat ROS using manganese-dependent enzymes, but when manganese is not available central carbon metabolism is used to produce ROS neutralizing metabolites at the expense of high utilization of carbon substrate.
The colour of pigment mixtures (1940)

It is shown that the colours produced by mixing pigments in any given medium may be deduced from formulae involving two constants for each pigment. These constants, which vary with the wave-length of the incident light, measure respectively the absorbing power of the pigment for light and its scattering power. Relative values of these constants for a series of pigments may be deduced from their reflectivities at different wave-lengths and the reflectivities of one mixture of each pigment with one standard pigment. The relative values so obtained enable the reflexion curves, and hence, if desired, the colours, of any mixture of two or more of the pigments investigated to be predicted correctly.