gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Biology of MIS and Its Receptors (1996)

It is important, given the potential use of MIS as an anticancer agent against tumors of Müllerian duct origin, that the search continue to identify binding isoforms of the MIS type II receptor or to identify other factors in the heteromeric complex that might be required for specific binding of this ligand to be observed. With confidence in binding one can use receptor probes to screen patients with ovarian cancer and to identify those that express receptor. This subgroup can then be examined for binding of the MIS ligand and subsequently for antiproliferative response to MIS, in order to preselect candidate patients for receptor-directed MIS treatment. Thus, a once obscure phenomenon observed in the Freemartin has led to the purification and cloning of MIS and the identification of its receptor components, as well as an understanding of their regulation and expression. Elucidation of these molecular events brings us closer to the use of molecules such as MIS in the clinical setting.
SHAPAQA : Shallow Parsing for Question Answering on the World Wide Web (2001)

We introduce shapaqa, a shallow parsing approach to online, open-domain question answering on the WorldWideWeb. Given a form-based natural language question as input, the system uses a memory-based shallow parser to analyze web pages retrieved using normal keyword search on a search engine. Two versions of the system are evaluated on a test set of 200 questions. In combination with two back-off methods a mean reciprocal rank of .46 is achieved.
Conventional and Chemically Programmed Asymmetric Bispecific Antibodies Targeting Folate Receptor 1 (2019)

T-cell engaging bispecific antibodies (biAbs) can mediate potent and specific tumor cell eradication in liquid cancers. Substantial effort has been invested in expanding this concept to solid cancers. To explore their utility in the treatment of ovarian cancer, we built a set of asymmetric biAbs in IgG1-like format that bind CD3 on T cells with a conventional scFv arm and folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) on ovarian cancer cells with a conventional or a chemically programmed Fab arm. For avidity engineering, we also built an asymmetric biAb format with a tandem Fab arm. We show that both conventional and chemically programmed CD3 × FOLR1 biAbs exert specific <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> cytotoxicity toward FOLR1-expressing ovarian cancer cells by recruiting and activating T cells. While the conventional T-cell engaging biAb was curative in an aggressive mouse model of human ovarian cancer, the potency of the chemically programmed biAb was significantly boosted by avidity engineering. Both conventional and chemically programmed CD3 × FOLR1 biAbs warrant further investigation for ovarian cancer immunotherapy.
Electro-optical Position-Measuring System (1991)

Electro-optical system developed to measure five components of coordinates representing position and orientation of model in test section of wind tunnel. Located entirely outside test section, uses small lasers as sources of light and self-scanning linear photodiode arrays (LPDA's) as sensing elements. With improvements in measuring ranges, adapted for use in other aerodynamic applications.
Iteration of phase window correlation and least-squares fit for Young’s fringe pattern processing (1997)

Correlation by means of phase windows that artificially create phase shifts is combined with the least-squares fit to provide a processing algorithm. A Young's pattern is correlated by means of the phase windows to generate four patterns with phase shifts of 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees. The phase of the Young's pattern is derived from the four patterns. Then the derived phase is least-squares fitted to a phase plane. The above steps are repeated once to improve accuracy. Speckle noise is suppressed by the correlation operations, as well as a loop including phase calculation, fringe reconstruction, and smoothing. The magnitude and direction of the displacement associated with Young's pattern are determined from the phase plane. The algorithm takes less calculation time than the fast Fourier transform method and does so with improved accuracy. Software has been developed and is used in the experiment.
Aerobic Ruthenium-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyanation of Tertiary Amines with Sodium Cyanide (2003)

RuCl3-catalyzed oxidative cyanation of tertiary amines with sodium cyanide under molecular oxygen (1 atm) at 60 degrees C gives the corresponding alpha-aminonitriles, which are versatile synthetic intermediates of various compounds such as amino acids and unsymmetrical 1,2-diamines, in excellent yields. This reaction is clean and should be an environmentally benign and useful process.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Unsaturated Alkyl Esters of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid as Precursors to Protoporphyrin IX (2007)

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), Unsaturated alkyl esters of ALA, Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), Photo-dynamic therapy (PDT), Fluorescence spectra of photosensitizer PpIX5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a non-fluorescent drug, hasbeen used as a precursor to the fluorescent photosensitizerprotoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Nephrotic syndrome in a bone marrow transplant recipient with chronic graft-versus-host disease. (1995)

A 21-year-old male developed massive proteinuria and microscopic hematuria, 1 year after allogeneic BMT for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These symptoms occurred during an exacerbation of chronic cutaneous graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Renal biopsy revealed granular deposits of IgG and IgM along the glomerular basement membrane, and subepithelial electron dense deposits. A diagnosis of membranous nephropathy was made. With prednisolone therapy proteinuria decreased gradually, and amelioration of cutaneous lesions was also noted. It was speculated that the disordered immune regulation of chronic GVHD resulted in the development of immune complex nephritis.
La Methode des Fluxions et des Suites Infinies. By Isaac Newton. Pp. xxx, 148. 28 francs. (Librarie Scientifique Albert Blanchard, Paris, 1966) (1967)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Templated growth of graphene: A novel method for efficient graphene synthesis (2006)

A novel templated growth process for graphene structures is proposed and demonstrated. Extended, pristine sheets of graphene can be synthesized by additively reacting carbon into a pre-existing graphene sheet which is on a templating substrate through a CVD type process termed "van der Waals templating". Finding a technologically viable synthesis method for planar graphene has recently become of significant interest with the recent recognition of its unusual electronic properties. Various morphological growth patterns such as "pacman" structures and rounded corners are observed which elucidate interesting features of this growth mechanism, linear sheet growths on the order of 150 nm have been produced.
Fast Hadamard Spectroscopic Imaging Techniques (1994)

Fast Hadamard spectroscopic imaging (HSI) techniques are presented. These techniques combine transverse and longitudinal encoding to obtain multiple-volume localization. The fast techniques are optimized for nuclei with short T2 and long T1 relaxation times and are therefore suitable for in vivo 31P spectroscopy. When volume coils are used in fast HSI techniques, the signal-to-noise ratio per unit time (SNRT) is equal to the SNRT in regular HSI techniques. When surface coils are used, fast HSI techniques give significant improvement of SNRT over conventional HSI. Several fast techniques which are different in total experimental time and pulse demands are presented. When the number of acquisitions in a single repetition time is not higher than two, fast HSI techniques can be used with surface coils and the B1 inhomogeneity does not affect the localization. Surface-coil experiments on phantoms and on human calf muscles in vivo are presented. In addition, it is shown that the localization obtained by the HSI techniques are independent of the repetition times.
Age-based packet arbitration in large-radix <i>k</i> -ary <i>n</i> -cubes (2007)

As applications scale to increasingly large processor counts, the interconnection network is frequently the limiting factor in application performance. In order to achieve application scalability, the interconnect must maintain high bandwidth while minimizing variation in packet latency. As the offered load in the network increases with growing problem sizes and processor counts, so does the expected maximum packet latency in the network, directly impacting performance of applications with any synchronized communication. Age-based packet arbitration reduces the variance in packet latency as well as average latency. This paper describes the Cray XT router packet aging algorithm which allows globally fair arbitration by incorporating "age" in the packet output arbitration. We describe the parameters of the aging algorithm and how to arrive at appropriate settings. We show that an efficient aging algorithm reduces both the average packet latency and the variance in packet latency on communication-intensive benchmarks.
Modulation of DNA Topoisomerase I Activity by <i>p53</i> (1996)

The tumor suppressor protein p53 plays a central role in the cellular response to genotoxic lesions and has been shown to be activated by most anticancer agents such as mitomycin C. We here show that mitomycin C treatment of human MCF7 breast adenocarcinoma cells results in increased topoisomerase I activity as measured by relaxation of supercoiled DNA and by phosphorylation of SR protein splicing factor. The increase in catalytic activity occurs in parallel with the nuclear accumulation of p53, resulting in detectable activation of topoisomerase I within less than 1 h of drug treatment. Furthermore, topoisomerase I co-immunoprecipitates with nuclear p53, suggesting that the activation of topoisomerase I may be a result of a direct interaction between the two proteins. In vitro experiments with purified recombinant proteins show that p53 increases the catalytic activities of topoisomerase I as measured by relaxation of supercoiled DNA, stabilization of the covalent topoisomerase I-DNA complex (in the presence of camptothecin), and phosphorylation of SR protein splicing factor ASF/SF2. Furthermore, topoisomerase I sediments at a higher molecular weight in the presence of p53 as revealed by sucrose density gradient analysis in the absence of DNA. Finally, p53 modifies the thermal stability of topoisomerase I, protecting it from heat denaturation. Taken together, our results show that topoisomerase I and p53 form molecular complexes in vitro as in vivo, and we suggest that the p53-mediated response to DNA damage may, at least in part, involve activation of topoisomerase I.
The Effect of Ginkgo Biloba (EGb 761) on Epileptic Activity in Rabbits (2008)

Different animal models are used to evaluate the process of epileptogenesis. In this investigation the kindling model of epilepsy was used. The epileptic focus was induced in Chinchilla rabbits by stimulation of the hippocampus with electric stimuli. We presumed that the extracts of Ginkgo biloba affect the formation of kindling epilepsy. Bioelectric activity of the brain was registered throughout the development of kindling with and without standardized extracts from dried ginkgo leaves (EGb 761). For each animal the following has been determined: the values of the minimum current strength necessary for the origination of threshold after-discharge (AD) - discharges appearing after the cessation of stimulation; duration of the threshold AD; number of stimulations necessary for the origination of full kindling; time latency for the development of full kindling; number of spontaneous epileptogenic discharges manifested in EEG two days following the formation of full kindling during 60-minute registration. The results show that the process of epileptogenesis was influenced by EGb 761. It has been established that if the animals received EGb 761, significantly weaker minimum current strength was necessary for the development of the epileptogenic focus and the AD were longer, while the number of necessary electrostimulations for the appearance of full kindling was less and the latency was shorter.
New insights into the biology and origin of mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas by combined epigenomic, genomic, and transcriptional profiling (2008)

Lymphomas are assumed to originate at different stages of lymphocyte development through chromosomal aberrations. Thus, different lymphomas resemble lymphocytes at distinct differentiation stages and show characteristic morphologic, genetic, and transcriptional features. Here, we have performed a microarray-based DNA methylation profiling of 83 mature aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (maB-NHLs) characterized for their morphologic, genetic, and transcriptional features, including molecular Burkitt lymphomas and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Hierarchic clustering indicated that methylation patterns in maB-NHLs were not strictly associated with morphologic, genetic, or transcriptional features. By supervised analyses, we identified 56 genes de novo methylated in all lymphoma subtypes studied and 22 methylated in a lymphoma subtype-specific manner. Remarkably, the group of genes de novo methylated in all lymphoma subtypes was significantly enriched for polycomb targets in embryonic stem cells. De novo methylated genes in all maB-NHLs studied were expressed at low levels in lymphomas and normal hematopoietic tissues but not in nonhematopoietic tissues. These findings, especially the enrichment for polycomb targets in stem cells, indicate that maB-NHLs with different morphologic, genetic, and transcriptional background share a similar stem cell-like epigenetic pattern. This suggests that maB-NHLs originate from cells with stem cell features or that stemness was acquired during lymphomagenesis by epigenetic remodeling.
Properties of Cross-Shaped Proximity Effect Weak Link Device (1979)

A device having a turning point with four bridge branches is fabricated in a double layered film of Ta and Nb by means of photolithographic and anodization techniques. The maximum supercurrent of the device measured at 4.2 K is diffraction modulated by magnetic field. A driving current Id and a bias current Ib are applied to the device in the presence of magnetic field. The critical values of Id at which the voltages appear and disappear across each bridge branch of the device are measured. Various flux quanta propagating states in this device can be obtained by changing Ib. The simplified equivalent circuit of this device is presented. Experimental results are almost explained by a graphical solution of a simultaneous equation which describes the equivalent circuit. The effect of rf radiation (400 MHz) on the dV/dId-Id characteristics of the device is also studied.
Learning to Learn From Noisy Labeled Data (2019)

Despite the success of deep neural networks (DNNs) in image classification tasks, the human-level performance relies on massive training data with high-quality manual annotations, which are expensive and time-consuming to collect. There exist many inexpensive data sources on the web, but they tend to contain inaccurate labels. Training on noisy labeled datasets causes performance degradation because DNNs can easily overfit to the label noise. To overcome this problem, we propose a noise-tolerant training algorithm, where a meta-learning update is performed prior to conventional gradient update. The proposed meta-learning method simulates actual training by generating synthetic noisy labels, and train the model such that after one gradient update using each set of synthetic noisy labels, the model does not overfit to the specific noise. We conduct extensive experiments on the noisy CIFAR-10 dataset and the Clothing1M dataset. The results demonstrate the advantageous performance of the proposed method compared to several state-of-the-art baselines.
Wissenschaft erklärt: Plagiate – Diebstahl geistigen Eigentums (2010)

Verwendet man unerlaubterweise Textpassagen anderer Autoren für eigene Werke, spricht man von einem Plagiat. Hier erfahren Sie unter anderem, welche Folgen solch ein unerlaubter Abschrieb haben kann.
The Development and Successful Application of an Automated Real-Time Drilling Fluids Measurement System (2012)

Abstract The technically challenging development of the marginal resources in the mature fields in the North Sea requires new levels of planning and execution to control the drilling process. Over the past few years, improved dataflow between drilling rigs and shore-based operator and service providers support organizations has created a renewed interest in automated monitoring of drilling parameters. Development of data transmission systems like InterACT and data formats like WITSML have initiated the search for and the development of new sensors that can be used for automated real-time monitoring of critical drilling fluid parameters. Increased focus on HSE in general and the use of harmful test chemicals, vapors and the risk of explosions in particular also has been an important driver for this development. Introducing a level of automation described in this paper can reduce by 70-80% the exposure time of fluids engineer in the rig laboratory without compromising service quality. Moreover, the development and use of advanced hydraulic simulation programs frequently employed for extended reach drilling and managed pressure drilling (MPD) have increased the focus on more reliable and more frequent operational inputs. The precision of modern simulation software represents a sharp contrast to the current practice of manual rig testing and reporting. This paper details the selection of fluid parameters considered most important for automation. The authors will describe the sensors developed for monitoring the most important parameters, including Electrical Stability (ES), density, temperature, water content in invert emulsion drilling fluid, XRF elemental analysis, in-line particle size distribution (PSD) and full 3D rheology tests. The parameters that could be monitored with existing sensor technologies used in other industries will be discussed, as well as those requiring development based on current field equipment. In addition, the paper will describe the installation and first field experiences with a full range of automated instruments on various rigs in the North Sea.
Laboratory and pilot solvent extraction of extruded high‐oil corn (1986)

Abstract Oil extraction of flakes and extrudates of high‐oil (HO) corn was studied, using hexane as solvent. HO corn contained 19.5% oil, 70% of which was located in the germ. Microstructures of starchy endosperm and germ were analyzed by scanning electron and light microscopy. Conventionally extruded samples extracted faster and to a lower residual oil content than flakes and steam‐injected extrudates. Ultrastructural disruption and cooking of conventionally extruded material was adequate to free the oil from the spherosomes and produce a porous pellet with a high proportion of “surface oil.” Encapsulation of the oil within a gelatinized starch matrix made it partly unavailable in steam‐injected extrudate samples. Data presented for laboratory and pilot plant runs demonstrate that conventional extrusion is a promising pretreatment for solvent extraction of high‐oil, starchy materials.
Transformation of Valonia cellulose crystals by an alkaline hydrothermal treatment (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransformation of Valonia cellulose crystals by an alkaline hydrothermal treatmentJunji Sugiyama, Takeshi Okano, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, and Fumitaka HoriiCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 12, 3196–3198Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00214a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00214a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views795Altmetric-Citations126LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interpretation of deep directional resistivity measurements acquired in high-angle and horizontal wells using 3-D inversion (2018)

The interpretation of resistivity measurements acquired in high-angle and horizontal wells is a critical technical problem in formation evaluation. We develop an efficient parallel 3-D inversion method to estimate the spatial distribution of electrical resistivity in the neighbourhood of a well from deep directional electromagnetic induction measurements. The methodology places no restriction on the spatial distribution of the electrical resistivity around arbitrary well trajectories. The fast forward modelling of triaxial induction measurements performed with multiple transmitter–receiver configurations employs a parallel direct solver. The inversion uses a pre-conditioned gradient-based method whose accuracy is improved using the Wolfe conditions to estimate optimal step lengths at each iteration. The large transmitter–receiver offsets, used in the latest generation of commercial directional resistivity tools, improve the depth of investigation to over 30 m from the wellbore. Several challenging synthetic examples confirm the feasibility of the full 3-D inversion-based interpretations for these distances, hence enabling the integration of resistivity measurements with seismic amplitude data to improve the forecast of the petrophysical and fluid properties. Employing parallel direct solvers for the triaxial induction problems allows for large reductions in computational effort, thereby opening the possibility to invert multiposition 3-D data in practical CPU times.
시청각적 매체를 활용한 직업훈련프로그램이 비고용 지적장애인의 요리기술에 미치는 효과 (2015)

본 연구는 시청각적 매체를 활용한 직업훈련프로그램이 비고용 지적장애인의 요리기술에 미치는 효과를 알아보는 데에 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해, 특수학교 전공과를 졸업한 후 2년이 지난 현재의 시점까지 비고용의 상태로 가정 내에서 머물고 있는 지적장애인 세 명을 연구 대상으로 선정하였다. 그리고 연구 대상으로 선정된 비고용 지적장애인의 가정 내 생활 스타일과...
Cardiac myocytes and nbroblasts contain functional estrogen receptors (1997)

Gender-based differences found in cardiovascula r diseases raise the possibility that estrogen may have direct effects on cardiac tissue. Therefore we investigated whether cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts express functional estrogen receptors. Immunofluorescence demonstrated estrogen receptor protein expression in both female and male rat cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts. Nuclear translocation of the estrogen receptor protein was observed after stimulation of cardiomyocyte s with 17s-estradiol (E2). Cells transfected with an estrogen-responsive reporter plasmid showed that treatment with E2 induced a significant increase in reporter activity. Furthermore, E2 induced a significant increase in expression of the estrogen receptors a and s, progesterone receptor and connexin 43 in cardiac myocytes. Cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts contain functional estrogen receptors and estrogen regulates expression of specific cardiac genes. These data suggest that gender-based differences in cardiac diseases may in part be due to direct effects of estrogen on the heart. © 1997 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.