gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methods for Measuring Gear Transmission Error Under Load and at Operating Speeds (1989)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper discusses four different methods for measuring the transmission error of loaded gears and provides example data obtained using each of the methods. The methods discussed are all designed to either measure transmission error under load, or for measuring the errors at operating speeds. Two of the methods use optical encoders and the other two use torsional accelerometers.</div>
Short paper: Wireless sensor network management for sustainable Internet of Things (2014)

Conventional network management was based on wired network, which is unsuitable for resource constrained devices. WSNs consist Internet of Things (IoT) can be large scale networks, and it is impossible to manage each node individually. In this paper, we propose a network management protocol for WSNs to reduce management traffic.
The Chemical Vapor Deposition of Aluminum Nitride:  Unusual Cluster Formation in the Gas Phase (1997)

An ab initio investigation of the chemical vapor deposition of AlN from the AlCl3NH3 adduct is presented. Geometries, harmonic vibrational frequencies and relative energies for the AlCl3NH3 adduct, its dissociation products AlCln, NHn (n = 1−3), and ring and cluster compounds [(Cl2AlNH2)n (n = 1, 2), (ClAlNH)n (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6)] are discussed. The Al−N bond lengths in the investigated compounds are strongly dependent on the coordination numbers of the aluminum and nitrogen centers, decreasing from 2.0 Å for 4-coordinated Al/N centers to 1.79 and 1.68 Å for 3- and 2-coordinated Al/N centers, respectively. Thermodynamic analysis shows that dissociation of ClxAlNHx (x = 2, 3) compounds with elimination of HCl and simultaneous formation of oligomeric forms is preferable to the process of dissociation into components or simple HCl detachment. Under standard conditions gaseous 4-coordinated Al/N compounds (ClAlNH)6 and (ClAlNH)4 are more stable than 3-coordinated (ClAlNH)2 and (ClAlNH)3 compounds. In 4-membered rings and clusters, the electrostatic repulsion between nearby Al−Al and N−N atoms makes reorganization to 6-membered rings extremely favorable. The suggested mechanism of AlN deposition involving cluster formation in the gas phase is discussed.
Müllerectomy for Upper Eyelid Retraction and Lagophthalmos Due to Facial Nerve Palsy (2005)

Müllerectomy is a rapid, safe, and reproducible surgical method for lowering the upper eyelid and reducing ocular exposure symptoms and signs due to chronic facial nerve palsy.
A Cold-Bottom Supported Vessel for Sodium-Cooled Reactors (1984)

AbstractSodium-cooled reactor vessels must not resist high pressures, and their walls are relatively thin. These vessels are usually suspended by their lateral wall to the cold roof slab. The upper part of this wall is subjected to periodic thermal stresses and to a permanent tension, corresponding to the weight of the sodium and of the components inside the vessel. In order to avoid a progressive deformation, the temperature of the vessel wall is limited to ∼400°C. This necessitates setting up relatively expensive baffles to isolate the wall from the hot sodium flowing out of the core.In order to relieve the wall from weight-related stresses, vessels resting on the installation basemat by means of sliding or articulated supports were proposed in early projects. A current design proposal consists of resting the vessel bottom on welded, concentric skirts, the chosen temperature of the bottom being relatively low; then a stable thermal gradient appears in sodium layers below the core. The corresponding heat flux lost toward the bottom proves remarkably low; an important simplification of the vessel walls and internal structures, as well as interesting safety features, may be obtained.
Fatty Acid Synthase Inhibition Activates AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in SKOV3 Human Ovarian Cancer Cells (2007)

Fatty acid synthase (FAS), the enzyme responsible for the de novo synthesis of fatty acids, is highly expressed in ovarian cancers and most common human carcinomas. Inhibition of FAS and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) have been shown to be cytotoxic to human cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In this report, we explore the cytotoxic mechanism of action of FAS inhibition and show that C93, a synthetic FAS inhibitor, increases the AMP/ATP ratio, activating AMPK in SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells, which leads to cytotoxicity. As a physiologic consequence of AMPK activation, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), the rate-limiting enzyme of fatty acid synthesis, was phosphorylated and inhibited whereas glucose oxidation was increased. Despite these attempts to conserve energy, the AMP/ATP ratio increased with worsening cellular redox status. Pretreatment of SKOV3 cells with compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, substantially rescued the cells from C93 cytotoxicity, indicating its dependence on AMPK activation. 5-(Tetradecyloxy)-2-furoic acid, an ACC inhibitor, did not activate AMPK despite inhibiting fatty acid synthesis pathway activity and was not significantly cytotoxic to SKOV3 cells. This indicates that substrate accumulation from FAS inhibition triggering AMPK activation, not end-product depletion of fatty acids, is likely responsible for AMPK activation. C93 also exhibited significant antitumor activity and apoptosis against SKOV3 xenografts in athymic mice without significant weight loss or cytotoxicity to proliferating cellular compartments such as bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract, or skin. Thus, pharmacologic FAS inhibition selectively activates AMPK in ovarian cancer cells, inducing cytotoxicity while sparing most normal human tissues from the pleiotropic effects of AMPK activation.
Tailoring Physical Aging in Super Glassy Polymers with Functionalized Porous Aromatic Frameworks for CO<sub>2</sub> Capture (2015)

A series of chemically functionalized porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) have been synthesized and deployed within mixed-matrix membranes for gas separation. This series of PAFs delivered for the first time simultaneous control of selective gas transport and physical aging within the membranes. New composites including native and metalated fullerenes were also prepared, and the composites exhibited exceptional increases in their porosity, which in turn resulted in ultrafast gas transport. CO2 permeability following PAF-1-Li6C60 infusion within poly(trimethylsilylpropyne) was as high as 50 600 Barrer, a 70% improvement. Remarkably, just 9% of this permeation rate diminished after 1 year of physical aging, compared to 74% in the native polymer. A series of characterization techniques revealed this phenomenon to be due to intercalation of polymer chains within the PAF pores, the strength of which is controlled by the levels of chemical functionalization and porosity. The membranes were exploited for gas separations, in particular the stripping of CO2 from natural gas.
A New, Surface Recording, Down-Hole Pressure Gauge (1972)

This paper was prepared for the 47th Annual Fall Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, to be held in San, Antonio, Tex., Oct. 8–11, 1972 Permission to copy is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words. Illustrations may not be copied. The abstract should contain conspicuous acknowledgment of where and by whom the paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY or the SOCIETY OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERS JOURNAL is usually granted upon requested to the Editor of the appropriate journal, provided agreement to give proper credit is made. provided agreement to give proper credit is made. Discussion of this paper is invited. Three copies of any discussion should be sent to the Society of Petroleum Engineers Office. Such discussions may be presented at the above meeting and, with the paper, may be considered for publication in one of the two SPE magazines. Abstract A new, electronic, surface recording, down-hole pressure gauge utilizing a quartz transducer is described. pressure gauge utilizing a quartz transducer is described. Features of the gouge include wide range (0–12,000 psi), high resolution (0.01 psi), no hysteresis and high stability. Operational principles of the gauge are described in general. Measurement techniques based on field experience are outlined. Field, Laboratory and calibration data are presented to illustrate the performance of the gouge. Introduction An extremely sensitive, high dynamic range, electronic pressure gauge has been developed. The specific pressure gauge has been developed. The specific configuration described herein has been designed for bottomhole placement in oil wells. Measurements are displayed and may be recorded on the ground surface. The measurement range is from zero to 12 Kpsi and the resolution is better than 10 mpsi throughout the entire operating range. Accuracy is 0.025% of reading for pressures greater than one Kpsi. The precision is better than 150 mpsi throughout the precision is better than 150 mpsi throughout the entire range. In addition to the surface recording capabilities of the instrument, other advantages include (1) the inherent ruggedness of the transducer, (2) high stability of calibration (good for at least one year), (3) simple operation, (4) low power consumption (16 watts total, 140 milliwatts down-hole) and (5) no observable hystersis. The down-hole sonde will operate continuously at ambient temperatures up to 150 deg. C (302 deg. F). The sonde case is constructed of 17-4-PH stainless steel.
Deceptive Answer Prediction with User Preference Graph (2013)

In Community question answering (QA) sites, malicious users may provide deceptive answers to promote their products or services. It is important to identify and filter out these deceptive answers. In this paper, we first solve this problem with the traditional supervised learning methods. Two kinds of features, including textual and contextual features, are investigated for this task. We further propose to exploit the user relationships to identify the deceptive answers, based on the hypothesis that similar users will have similar behaviors to post deceptive or authentic answers. To measure the user similarity, we propose a new user preference graph based on the answer preference expressed by users, such as “helpful ” voting and “best answer ” selection. The user preference graph is incorporated into traditional supervised learning framework with the graph regularization technique. The experiment results demonstrate that the user preference graph can indeed help improve the performance of deceptive answer prediction. 1
Dilatational Elasticity Moduli of Water–Crude Oil Interfaces Using the Oscillating Pendant Drop (2002)

ABSTRACT The oscillating pendant drop instrument was used to measure the dilatational elasticity modulus and dynamic interfacial tension of 21 crude oils and condensates originating from different production fields. The samples were diluted in different heptane/toluene solvents at concentrations of 0.002, 0.01, and 0.02 mL oil/mL solvent. Both the solvent composition and oil concentration were found to have a great influence on the measurements. Higher aromaticity solvents reduced the interfacial activity of the natural surfactants in the crude oil. Different time dependences in the build up of the elastic interfaces for the crude oils were also found. The samples have also been subjected to SARA analysis and TAN (Total Acid Number) determination, and the results have been correlated to the oscillating pendant drop measurements. Especially the influence of the crude oil surfactants, resins, and asphaltenes, on the interfacial properties was studied. Indications of both interfacial active and non-interfacial active asphaltenes were found. Asphaltene interfacial coverage values of 2.3 and 3.1 mg/m2 have been reported.
Effectiveness of an Awareness Program about the Harmful Effects of Tobacco and Alcohol on Knowledge and Self Reported Practice of Adolescent Students Studying in a Selected School of Dehradun India (2013)

The aim o f the study was to assess the effectiveness of an awareness program about the harmfu l effects of tobacco and alcohol on knowledge and self reported practice of adolescent students, so as to initiate a preventive action endeavor against the menace of tobacco and alcohol addiction. A quantitative evaluative approach with pre experimental method (one group pre-test post-test design) was adopted. Cluster samp ling was used to select the setting for the study. One school was selected rando mly for the study out of four schools present in the selected setting. Two sections out of possible six sections from class 11 th and 12 th were selected by lottery method as a sample for the study. The data were collected using structured knowledge and self reported practice questionnaire including socio demographic proforma. All the study participants were aged between 14 and 17 years, 64.5% were boys, and 73.8% were fro m nuclear family. A wareness programme regarding harmful effects of alcohol and tobacco was provided to the study participants. Pre-test and post-test assessment of was done to assess the knowledge and self reported practice regard ing the harmful effects of alcohol and tobacco. The analysis of pretest and posttest knowledge score using paired t-test revealed that there was significant improvement in knowledge regarding harmful effects of alcohol and tobacco use (t=27.61, p=0.001). None of the adolescent reported that they have ever used alcohol or tobacco. However 68.22% o f adolescents reported that their family members chew tobacco and 15% o f their closest friends chew and 24.29% of their closest friends smoked tobacco. Majority ( 88.17% ) of the adolescents perceived that smoking was harmful to the health. The study concluded that the awareness program resulted in significant imp rovement of knowledge about harmful effects of tobacco and alcohol use. It is reco mmended that there should be continuous enforcement to change the lifestyle of adolescent students so as to prevent their addictive habit of tobacco and alcohol.
Potential animal models of Helicobacter pylori infection in immunological and vaccine research (1995)

Presence of Helicobacter pylon' in the human gastric mucosa is associated with chronic gastritis and promotes the formation of peptic ulceration. Furthermore, long-term gastritis caused by the bacteria represents an increased risk of developing gastric cancer. Much controversy remains about the pathogenic mechanisms by which H. pylon' can induce disease because of the limitations of animal models and the relevance of in vitro observations to the in vivo disease process. Studies of putative pathogenic factors such as induction of inflammatory mediators and immune evasion are required to understand how to design a vaccine against the infection. Vaccine adjuvants, delivery systems and therapeutic vaccination are likely to be the areas of major progress in the future. Data related to immunological aspects and vaccine development in potential animal models are reviewed.
Elevated mutation rates in the germ line of first- and second-generation offspring of irradiated male mice (2002)

Mutation rates at two expanded simple tandem repeat loci were studied in the germ line of first- and second-generation offspring of inbred male CBA/H, C57BL/6, and BALB/c mice exposed to either high linear energy transfer fission neutrons or low linear energy transfer x-rays. Paternal CBA/H exposure to either x-rays or fission neutrons resulted in increased mutation rates in the germ line of two subsequent generations. Comparable transgenerational effects were observed also in neutron-irradiated C57BL/6 and x-irradiated BALB/c mice. The levels of spontaneous mutation rates and radiation-induced transgenerational instability varied between strains (BALB/c>CBA/H>C57BL/6). Pre- and postmeiotic paternal exposure resulted in similar increases in mutation rate in the germ line of both generations of CBA/H mice, which together with our previous results suggests that radiation-induced expanded simple tandem repeat instability is manifested in diploid cells after fertilization. The remarkable finding that radiation-induced germ-line instability persists for at least two generations raises important issues of risk evaluation in humans.
Sterilisation : only better (2005)

Increasing microbial safety and extending the shelf-life of packed food and other products sensitive to microbial spoilage is often performed by relatively slow thermal processes. The adverse effects of the corresponding heating periods can be decreased by using technologies that put a vast amount of energy into the product quickly, for example direct steam injection or microwave heating. Cooling the product quickly, however, is more complex.
Vertically aligned oxygen-doped molybdenum disulfide nanosheets grown on carbon cloth realizing robust hydrogen evolution reaction (2016)

A synergistically optimized oxygen-incorporated MoS<sub>2</sub>/carbon cloth hybrid catalyst was successfully fabricated, realizing enhanced hydrogen-evolving activity and superior stability.
Airport Paving Quality (1997)

The Vancouver International Airport Expansion Project was an excellent opportunity to apply concrete control by compressive strength. It has management support in the preparation of the quality control/quality assurance provisions and pavement provisions for the work. The concept specified was a practical means of developing the flexural-compressive strength relationship and monitoring actual concrete production. Required materials and production facilities were intended to assure high quality, consistent concrete from batch to batch, which is essential in slipform paving. Analysis of the quality control data showed that excellent construction control was obtained in the 1994 apron paving work and that the concrete mix proportions met specification criteria. The analysis also indicated that a 20 percent overdesign factor on compressive strength is advisable in the selection of mix proportions from the flexural-compressive strength relationship developed in the laboratory.
Absolute Requirement for an Active Immune Response Involving B Cells and Th Cells in Immunity to <i>Plasmodium yoelii</i> Passively Acquired with Antibodies to the 19-kDa Carboxyl-Terminal Fragment of Merozoite Surface Protein-1 (1999)

Vaccination of mice with the leading malaria vaccine candidate homologue, the 19-kDa carboxyl terminus of merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP119), results in sterile immunity to Plasmodium yoelii, with no parasites detected in blood. Although such immunity depends upon high titer Abs at challenge, high doses of immune sera transferred into naive mice reduce parasitemia (and protect from death) but do not result in a similar degree of protection (with most mice experiencing high peak parasitemias); this finding suggests that ongoing parasite-specific immune responses postchallenge are essential. We analyzed this postchallenge response by transferring Abs into manipulated but malaria-naive mice and observed that Abs cannot protect SCID, nude, CD4+ T cell-depleted, or B cell knockout mice, with all mice dying. Thus, in addition to the Abs that develop following MSP119 vaccination, a continuing active immune response postchallenge is required for protection. MSP119-specific Abs can adoptively transfer protection to strains of mice that are not protected following vaccination with MSP119, suggesting that the Ags targeted by the immune response postchallenge include Ags apart from MSP119. These data have important implications for the development of a human malaria vaccine.
Identifying Reservoirs of Infection: A Conceptual and Practical Challenge (2002)

Many infectious agents, especially those that cause emerging diseases, infect more than one host species. Managing reservoirs of multihost pathogens often plays a crucial role in effective disease control. However, reservoirs remain variously and loosely defined. We propose that reservoirs can only be understood with reference to defined target populations. Therefore, we define a reservoir as one or more epidemiologically connected populations or environments in which the pathogen can be permanently maintained and from which infection is transmitted to the defined target population. Existence of a reservoir is confirmed when infection within the target population cannot be sustained after all transmission between target and nontarget populations has been eliminated. When disease can be controlled solely by interventions within target populations, little knowledge of potentially complex reservoir infection dynamics is necessary for effective control. We discuss the practical value of different approaches that may be used to identify reservoirs in the field.
Developing novel blood‐based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (2013)

Alzheimer's disease is the public health crisis of the 21st century. There is a clear need for a widely available, inexpensive and reliable method to diagnosis Alzheimer's disease in the earliest stages, track disease progression, and accelerate clinical development of new therapeutics. One avenue of research being explored is blood based biomarkers. In April 2012, the Alzheimer's Association and the Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation convened top scientists from around the world to discuss the state of blood based biomarker development. This manuscript summarizes the meeting and the resultant discussion, including potential next steps to move this area of research forward.
Fluorine incorporation at HfO2∕SiO2 interfaces in high-k metal-oxide-semiconductor gate stacks: Local electronic structure (2007)

Effects of fluorine incorporation on the electrical properties of HfO2∕SiO2 dielectric stacks are investigated through both ab initio simulations and electrical measurements. The results show that F ions are able to remove midgap states resulting from undercoordinated Hf ions at the HfO2∕SiO2 interface. They also indicate that F incorporation increases the leakage current if an excessive amount of F ions are present in the dielectric, beyond that required to passivate the undercoordinated interfacial Hf ions. A possible way to maximize the benefits of F incorporation for high-k gate stack electrical characteristics is discussed.
Dye-enhanced graphene oxide for photothermal therapy and photoacoustic imaging (2013)

Graphene oxide (GO) has many exciting advantages such as easy preparation, low toxicity, good solubility and stability in aqueous solution. However, GO itself has a low near-infrared (NIR) absorption, and thus is not suitable for photothermal therapy and photoacoustic imaging. To overcome this limitation, a novel dye-enhanced GO is prepared utilizing the π-π stacking interactions between GO and indocyanine green (ICG). The ICG-GO complex has a high optical absorbance in the NIR region and exhibits excellent photothermal properties under NIR irradiation. In order to improve the cancer-targeting activity, GO was modified with folic acid (FA). In vitro experiments showed that the ICG-GO-FA nanocomposite could be used for targeted photothermal cancer cell destruction. Moreover, the application of the ICG-GO-FA nanocomposite for photoacoustic imaging was also demonstrated.