gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new method of heart sound signal analysis based on independent function element (2014)

In this paper, a new method is presented for heart sound signal processing in statistical domain. The multiple components obtained from the conventional linear transformation are possibly irrelevant, but usually do not possess the characteristics of statistical independence. First, the definition and obtaining method of independent function element are discussed; the method of signal decomposition and reconstruction based on the independent function element, not only inherits the advantages of linear transformation, but also has the capability of signal representation in the statistical domain. After that, the application of independent function element in heart sound signal analysis is analyzed in detail. The validity and practicability of the method are demonstrated through two experiments.
Feature extraction from laser scan data based on curvature estimation for mobile robotics (2006)

This paper presents a geometrical feature detection system to use with conventional 2D laser rangefinders. This system consists of three main modules: data acquisition and pre-processing, rupture and breakpoint detection and feature extraction. The novelty of this system is a new efficient approach for natural feature extraction based on curvature estimation. This approach permits to extract and characterise line segments, corners and curve segments from the laser scan. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is very fast and permit to verify its effectiveness in indoor and outdoor environments
Low-Cost Fabrication Process for YSZ Electrolyte Films (1999)

NexTech Materials is collaborating with Siemens Westinghouse on the development of a low-cost electrolyte deposition process to replace electrochemical vapor deposition for the Siemens Westinghouse tubular SOFC. The approach being pursued involves preparation of a dispersed suspension of nanoscale yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) crystallites, deposition of green YSZ electrolyte films onto lanthanum manganite (LSM) cathode tubes, and sintering of the deposited YSZ films to full density. A hydrothermal synthesis process is being used to prepare the nanoscale YSZ suspensions, and process enhancements have been made to achieve nearly complete dispersion of the YSZ crystallites in aqueous suspensions. Simple dip coating and spray coating methods are being used to deposit YSZ electrolyte films from the dispersed suspensions onto LSM tube sections. With suitable modifications to the suspension chemistry and deposition methods, sintered YSZ films have been prepared that are continuous and crack-free. Efforts also are underway to scale up the YSZ synthesis process using a novel continuous reactor system. NexTech's recent progress on this program is described in this paper.
Posttranslational Modification of the Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer (2013)

The androgen receptor (AR) is important in the development of the prostate by regulating transcription, cellular proliferation, and apoptosis. AR undergoes posttranslational modifications that alter its transcription activity, translocation to the nucleus and stability. The posttranslational modifications that regulate these events are of utmost importance to understand the functional role of AR and its activity. The majority of these modifications occur in the activation function-1 (AF1) region of the AR, which contains the transcriptional activation unit 1 (TAU1) and 5 (TAU5). Identification of the modifications that occur to these regions may increase our understanding of AR activation in prostate cancer and the role of AR in the progression from androgen-dependent to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Most of the posttranslational modifications identified to date have been determined using the full-length AR in androgen dependent cells. Further investigations into the role of posttranslational modifications in androgen-independent activation of full-length AR and constitutively active splicing variants are warranted, findings from which may provide new therapeutic options for CRPC.
Nutrient regulation of oligopeptide transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2006)

Small peptides (2-5 amino acid residues) are transported into Saccharomyces cerevisiae via two transport systems: PTR (Peptide TRansport) for di-/tripeptides and OPT (OligoPeptide Transport) for oligopeptides of 4-5 amino acids in length. Although regulation of the PTR system has been studied in some detail, neither the regulation of the OPT family nor the environmental conditions under which family members are normally expressed have been well studied in S. cerevisiae. Using a lacZ reporter gene construct fused to 1 kb DNA from upstream of the genes OPT1 and OPT2, which encode the two S. cerevisiae oligopeptide transporters, the relative expression levels of these genes were measured in a variety of environmental conditions. Uptake assays were also conducted to measure functional protein levels at the plasma membrane. It was found that OPT1 was up-regulated in sulfur-free medium, and that Ptr3p and Ssy1p, proteins involved in regulating the di-/tripeptide transporter encoding gene PTR2 via amino acid sensing, were required for OPT1 expression in a sulfur-free environment. In contrast, as measured by response to toxic tetrapeptide and by real-time PCR, OPT1 was not regulated through Cup9p, which is a repressor for PTR2 expression, although Cup9p did repress OPT2 expression. In addition, all of the 20 naturally occurring amino acids, except the sulfur-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine, up-regulated OPT1, with the greatest change in expression observed when cells were grown in sulfur-free medium. These data demonstrate that regulation of the OPT system has both similarities and differences to regulation of the PTR system, allowing the yeast cell to adapt its utilization of small peptides to various environmental conditions.
Responses and Afferent Pathways of Superficial and Deeper C<sub>1</sub>–C<sub>2</sub> Spinal Cells to Intrapericardial Algogenic Chemicals in Rats (2001)

Electrical stimulation of vagal afferents or cardiopulmonary sympathetic afferent fibers excites C(1)--C(2) spinal neurons. The purposes of this study were to compare the responses of superficial (depth <0.35 mm) and deeper C(1)--C(2) spinal neurons to noxious chemical stimulation of cardiac afferents and determine the relative contribution of vagal and sympathetic afferent pathways for transmission of noxious cardiac afferent input to C(1)--C(2) neurons. Extracellular potentials of single C(1)--C(2) neurons were recorded in pentobarbital anesthetized and paralyzed male rats. A catheter was placed in the pericardial sac to administer a mixture of algogenic chemicals (0.2 ml) that contained adenosine (10(-3) M), bradykinin, histamine, serotonin, and prostaglandin E(2) (10(-5) M each). Intrapericardial chemicals changed the activity of 20/106 (19%) C(1)--C(2) spinal neurons in the superficial laminae, whereas 76/147 (52%) deeper neurons responded to cardiac noxious input (P < 0.01). Of 96 neurons responsive to cardiac inputs, 48 (50%) were excited (E), 41 (43%) were inhibited (I), and 7 were excited/inhibited (E-I) by intrapericardial chemicals. E or I neurons responsive to intrapericardial chemicals were subdivided into two groups: short-lasting (SL) and long-lasting (LL) response patterns. In superficial gray matter, excitatory responses to cardiac inputs were more likely to be LL-E than SL-E neurons. Mechanical stimulation of the somatic field from the head, neck, and shoulder areas excited 85 of 95 (89%) C(1)--C(2) spinal neurons that responded to intrapericardial chemicals; 31 neurons were classified as wide dynamic range, 49 were high threshold, 5 responded only to joint movement, and no neuron was classified as low threshold. For superficial neurons, 53% had small somatic fields and 21% had bilateral fields. In contrast, 31% of the deeper neurons had small somatic fields and 46% had bilateral fields. Ipsilateral cervical vagotomy interrupted cardiac noxious input to 8/30 (6 E, 2 I) neurons; sequential transection of the contralateral cervical vagus nerve (bilateral vagotomy) eliminated the responses to intrapericardial chemicals in 4/22 (3 E, 1 I) neurons. Spinal transection at C(6)--C(7) segments to interrupt effects of sympathetic afferent input abolished responses to cardiac input in 10/10 (7 E, 3 I) neurons that still responded after bilateral vagotomy. Results of this study support the concept that C(1)-C(2) superficial and deeper spinal neurons play a role in integrating cardiac noxious inputs that travel in both the cervical vagal and/or thoracic sympathetic afferent nerves.
X-ray preionization for electric discharge lasers. Final technical report, 1 July 1977-30 June 1978 (1978)

Using x-rays of 60-200 keV photon energy (lambda ranges 0.06 to 0.2 A) as an ionizing radiation source in a transmission-line-driven, low-inductance discharge chamber, we have succeeded in generating spatially-homogeneous pulsed avalanche discharges of several liter volume at greater than 1 atm pressure for up to 100 nsec duration. In concurrent laser generation experiments with relatively lossy windows, we have observed high optical quality pulsed uv laser output of up to 2 J/liter from such discharges in rare gas/halogen mixtures, and ir laser output of up to 12.5 J/liter from a He/N/sub 2//CO/sub 2/ mixture.
A Consistent Extension of Condorcet’s Election Principle (1978)

Condorcet’s principle of choosing the majority alternative whenever one exists is violated not only by Borda’s rule but by any scoring method; nevertheless the essential property of scoring functions—“consistency” of the outcome under aggregation of subgroups—is shown to be compatible with Condorcet’s principle. Moreover these two properties, suitably interpreted, together with neutrality, determine a unique rule known as Kemeny’s rule.
Dridex: Analysis of the traffic and automatic generation of IOCs (2016)

In this paper we present a framework that generates network Indicators of Compromise (IOC) automatically from a malware sample after dynamic runtime analysis. The framework addresses the limitations of manual Indicator of Compromise generation and utilises sandbox environment to perform the malware analysis in. We focus on the generation of network based IOCs from captured traffic files (PCAPs) generated by the dynamic malware analysis. The Cuckoo Sandbox environment is used for the analysis and the setup is described in detail. Accordingly, we discuss the concept of IOCs and the popular formats used as there is currently no standard. As an example of how the proof-of-concept framework can be used, we chose 100 Dridex malware samples and evaluated the traffic and showed what can be used for the generation of network-based IOCs. Results of our system confirm that we can create IOCs from dynamic malware analysis and avoid the legitimate background traffic originating from the sandbox system. We also briefly discuss the sharing of, and application of the generated IOCs and the number of systems that can be used to share them. Lastly we discuss how they can be useful in combating cyber threats.
Regulation of lysine biosynthesis by leucine in Brevibacterium lactofermentum. (1978)

The effect of L-leucine on L-lysine production was investigated in Brevibacterium lacto-fermentum. L-Lysine production was inhibited by L-leucine specifically, and this inhibition was recovered completely by L-valine. The present study indicated that the inhibition of L-lysine production by the addition of excess L-leucine was accompanied with the repression of dihydrodipicolinate (DDP) synthetase. DDP synthetase was the first specific enzyme in lysine biosynthesis. On the other hand, α-isopropylmalate (IPM) synthetase, which was the key enzyme and the first specific enzyme in leucine biosynthesis was inhibited by L-leucine, while L-lysine caused the complete reversion from its inhibition. From the above results, the possible physiological meanings of this coregulation mechanism of lysine and branched-chain amino acids biosynthesis in B. lactofermentum was discussed.
The identification of the antimicrobial factors of the stomach contents of sucking rabbits (1966)

1. A procedure for the extraction and purification of antimicrobial factors from the stomach contents of sucking rabbits is described. 2. The fatty acid composition of the hydrogenated ;rabbit stomach oil' is given. 3. The most active factors isolated were identified as free n-decanoic acid and n-octanoic acid. 4. The antimicrobial activities of some fatty acids and that of ;rabbit stomach oil' are compared.
<i>r</i>-axis sound speed and elastic properties of sapphire single crystals (2001)

The sound speed was measured for plane wave propagation along the normal to the (11̄02) plane of sapphire single crystals. The measured r-axis sound speed is significantly different (∼7%) from measured c- and a-axis sound speeds. These results contradict the previous assumption that the mechanical response of sapphire is nearly isotropic. Also, the r axis is not a pure mode direction for longitudinal acoustic wave propagation. The measured r-axis sound speed was not consistent with calculations using the elastic constants reported for sapphire. This discrepancy arises because the elastic constants determined previously used crystallographic conventions different from those in current use. By rotating the coordinate system used for describing the material properties of sapphire in earlier work, consistency is achieved with the current crystallographic conventions. The effect of this coordinate transformation on the second-order elastic constants, the third-order elastic constants, and the photoelastic constants of sapphire is discussed.
Inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reactions of 3-carbomethoxy-2-pyrones. Controlled introduction of oxygenated aromatics: benzene, phenol, catechol, resorcinol, and pyrogallol annulation. Regiospecific total synthesis of sendaverine and a preparation of 6,7-benzomorphans (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInverse electron demand Diels-Alder reactions of 3-carbomethoxy-2-pyrones. Controlled introduction of oxygenated aromatics: benzene, phenol, catechol, resorcinol, and pyrogallol annulation. Regiospecific total synthesis of sendaverine and a preparation of 6,7-benzomorphansDale L. Boger and Michael D. MullicanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 21, 4033–4044Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00195a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00195a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1155Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
In situ delay-slack monitor for high-performance processors using an all-digital self-calibrating 5ps resolution time-to-digital converter (2010)

We present a minimally invasive in situ delay-slack monitor that directly measures the timing margins on critical timing signals, allowing margins due to both global and local PVT variations to be removed.
The phenolic monoterpenoid carvacrol inhibits the binding of nicotine to the housefly nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (2012)

Carvacrol binds to housefly nAChRs at a binding site distinct from nicotine and acetylcholine, and the nAChRs are a possible target of carvacrol for its insecticidal activity.
A Novel Single Stage Power Factor Correction Scheme with Time-Multiplexing Control (2007)

A flyback-based single-stage power factor correction scheme with time-multiplexing control is proposed. Main and auxiliary switches operate independently within a same time cycle. High power factor and low output line-frequency voltage ripple are both obtained in discontinuous conduction mode. The major output power is directly delivered to the load. A single transformer is used for the power conversion. The main and auxiliary outputs are fully isolated. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed scheme with high power factor and tight output regulation.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of familial colorectal cancer risk (2001)

Individuals with a family history of CRC and CRA have a significantly elevated risk of developing CRC compared with those without such a history. Risks are greatest for relatives of patients diagnosed young, those with two or more affected relatives, and relatives of patients with colonic cancers.
Nutrient-stimulated GLP-2 release and crypt cell proliferation in experimental short bowel syndrome (2004)

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is an enteroendocrine peptide that is released in response to luminal nutrients and has unique trophic actions in the gastrointestinal tract. These features suggest GLP-2 may be important in controlling intestinal adaptation. We examined the relationship over time of GLP-2 production and adaptation to intestinal resection, the effects of resection-induced malabsorption on GLP-2 production, and the correlation of endogenous serum GLP-2 levels with adaptation as measured by crypt-cell proliferation (CCP). We initially examined the effect of nutrient malabsorption, induced by a 90% resection of the proximal intestine studied on day 4, on the time course and levels of GLP-2 release. Secondly, the degree of malabsorption was varied by performing intestinal transection or 50, 75, or 90% resection of proximal small intestine. Finally, the relationship of GLP-2 levels over time with adaptation to a 90% resection was examined by determining GLP-2 levels on days 7, 14, and 28, and correlating this with intestinal adaptation, as assessed by morphology and CCP rate. A 90% resection significantly increased basal and postprandial GLP-2 levels, with a net increase in nutrient-stimulated exposure over 90 min; GLP-2 exposure (integrated levels vs. time) increased 12.7-fold in resected animals (P < 0.001). Basal and postprandial GLP-2 levels significantly correlated with the magnitude of intestinal resection (r(2) = 0.71; P < 0.001), CCP (r(2) = 0.48; P < 0.005), and nutrient malabsorption (protein, P < 0.001; fat, P < 0.005). The increase in CCP was maintained to 28 days after small bowel resection and was associated with an ongoing elevation in GLP-2 release. These findings suggest that GLP-2 is important in initiating and maintaining the small intestinal adaptive response to resection.
Testing of Switch Blocks in Three-Dimensional FPGA (2009)

In recent years, programmable interconnects in field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) become a bottleneck of improving performance. So, for improving performance of FPGAs, a design of programmable interconnects is a key element, and innovative routing architecture is being desired. From this viewpoint, three dimensional FPGAs (3D-FPGAs) were proposed and focused. 3D-FPGAs have multiple layers which connected by vertical wires through 3D-switch block (SB). The main difference between the structures of the traditional two dimensional (2D) FPGAs and 3D-FPGAs is in 3D-SBs, and thus parts in 3D-FPGAs other than the SBs can be tested using existing methods for 2D-FPGAs. However, 3D-SBs cannot be tested by traditional testing for 2D-FPGAs. This paper presents testing for 3D-SBs in 3D-FPGAs. The proposed testing can detect stuck-at, bridging, stuck-open and stuck-on faults on three-dimensional switch blocks, and requires five test configurations to detect these catastrophic faults.
A Digitally Interfaced Analog Correlation Filter System for Object Tracking Applications (2018)

This paper reports a 24 × 57 correlation filter system for object tracking applications. While digital interfacing of the input and output data enabled a standard and flexible way of communication with pre- and post-processing digital blocks, the multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations were performed in the analog domain to save power and area. The proposed system utilizes non-volatile floating-gate memories to store filter coefficients. The chip was fabricated in a 0.13-μm CMOS process and occupies 3.23 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of silicon area. The system dissipates 388.4 μW of power at a throughput of 11.3 kVec/s, achieving an energy efficiency of 25.2 pJ/MAC. Experimental results for a custom filter designed to detect vehicles are presented.
Effect of rIFN-gamma and IL-2 treatments in mouse and nude rat infections with Toxoplasma gondii. (1992)

Mice and nude rats lethally infected with T. gondii and treated with recombinant rat interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) or recombinant human interleukin-2 (rIL-2) were protected against death, when compared with untreated infected controls. In mice rIFN-gamma and rIL-2 played an important role in "prophylactic treatment", but not in "curative therapy". The survival rate was 42% in mice treated with 3 doses of 20,000 U of rIFN-gamma at days -2, -1, 0 before challenge and up to 66% in mice treated with 3 doses of 10,000 U of rIFN-gamma at days -2, 0, +2 before and after infection. Whereas the survival rate was 33% in mice that received 3 doses of 500 U rIL-2 at days -2, -1, 0 before infection, or -2, 0, +2 before and after infection respectively, up to 50% of the mice treated with 3 doses of 1,000 U rIL-2 at days -2, -1, 0 survived. In nude rats rIFN-gamma had a slight effect in "prophylactic treatment", whereas rIL-2 was active only in "curative treatment". The survival rate was 25% both in nude rats treated with doses of 400,000 U of rIFN-gamma at days -3, 0 before challenge, or with doses of 5,000 U of rIL-2 at days +2, +6, +9 after infection. These results lead us to hypothesise that the mechanism by which the lymphokine treatment exerts a protective effect on Toxoplasma infected mice is different from that on nu/nu rats. We conclude that these cytokines may play a notable role in modulating the host's immune defence against T. gondii infection.