gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On The Problem of Using Guard Traces for High Frequency Differential Lines Crosstalk Reduction (2007)

In this paper, the problem of using guard traces for reducing crosstalk between differential transmission line pairs is investigated, both experimentally and by full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations. Different cases of differential lines crosstalk are treated with and without guard trace separation between the differential line pairs. Coated microstrip printed circuit board test structures including thru-reflect-line calibration standards are designed and fabricated on a high frequency laminate material, allowing direct measurement of crosstalk between adjacent differential line pairs in the absence and in the presence of guard traces stitched with vias of regular spacing. The test structures are characterized with mixed-mode scattering parameters using a physical layer test system. Different configurations (of differential line pairs) without guard trace, with floating guard traces (which are terminated and nonterminated) and with a solid guard trace separation are investigated using a High Frequency Structure Simulator (a commercial full-wave 3-D EM simulation tool). The experimental data are compared with the simulation results, and some conclusions and guidelines on the effect of guard traces for alleviating crosstalk between differential transmission lines are presented
R-Dedup: Content Aware Redundancy Management for SSD-Based RAID Systems (2014)

While high density SSDs are increasingly adopted in enterprise computing environment, it remains a challenge to meet the high performance and reliability demands of server applications as well as the demands for longer system lifetime and high space utilization in such environment. Existing schemes often address these issues separately. In particular, deduplication schemes improve write performance and SSD lifetime while SSDbased RAID designs improve reliability and read performance. Naively integration of deduplication and RAID results in suboptimal designs. In this paper, we propose R-Dedup, a content-aware redundancy management scheme for SSD-based RAID storage. By combining deduplication with replication, R-Dedup evaluates system performance, reliability, endurance and space utilization, and dynamically manages replicas to achieve better trade off. Our experimental results show that R-Dedup achieves 18% and 20% improvements on read and write performance, respectively, and extends SSD lifetime by 20% with no reliability compromise.
Chemical sensing in Fourier space (2000)

Chemical sensing using optical diffraction from an array of microcantilevers is demonstrated. Properly fashioned arrays of micromachined silicon-nitride cantilevers containing embedded deformable diffraction gratings are functionalized with chemically selective coatings. Adsorption of specific molecules on the cantilever leads to bending, which changes the diffraction pattern of a laser beam reflecting off the array. Quantitative chemical information can be obtained by monitoring the displacement of diffraction peaks as a function of analyte exposure.
A k-space method for large-scale models of wave propagation in tissue (2001)

Large-scale simulation of ultrasonic pulse propagation in inhomogeneous tissue is important for the study of ultrasound-tissue interaction as well as for development of new imaging methods. Typical scales of interest span hundreds of wavelengths; most current two-dimensional methods, such as finite-difference and finite-element methods, are unable to compute propagation on this scale with the efficiency needed for imaging studies. Furthermore, for most available methods of simulating ultrasonic propagation, large-scale, three-dimensional computations of ultrasonic scattering are infeasible. Some of these difficulties have been overcome by previous pseudospectral and k-space methods, which allow substantial portions of the necessary computations to be executed using fast Fourier transforms. This paper presents a simplified derivation of the k-space method for a medium of variable sound speed and density; the derivation clearly shows the relationship of this k-space method to both past k-space methods and pseudospectral methods. In the present method, the spatial differential equations are solved by a simple Fourier transform method, and temporal iteration is performed using a k-t space propagator. The temporal iteration procedure is shown to be exact for homogeneous media, unconditionally stable for "slow" (c(x) < or = c0) media, and highly accurate for general weakly scattering media. The applicability of the k-space method to large-scale soft tissue modeling is shown by simulating two-dimensional propagation of an incident plane wave through several tissue-mimicking cylinders as well as a model chest wall cross section. A three-dimensional implementation of the k-space method is also employed for the example problem of propagation through a tissue-mimicking sphere. Numerical results indicate that the k-space method is accurate for large-scale soft tissue computations with much greater efficiency than that of an analogous leapfrog pseudospectral method or a 2-4 finite difference time-domain method. However, numerical results also indicate that the k-space method is less accurate than the finite-difference method for a high contrast scatterer with bone-like properties, although qualitative results can still be obtained by the k-space method with high efficiency. Possible extensions to the method, including representation of absorption effects, absorbing boundary conditions, elastic-wave propagation, and acoustic nonlinearity, are discussed.
Prolonged Blockade of CD40-CD40 Ligand Interactions by Gene Transfer of CD40Ig Results in Long-Term Heart Allograft Survival and Donor-Specific Hyporesponsiveness, But Does Not Prevent Chronic Rejection (2002)

Previous work on blockade of CD40-CD40 ligand interaction in mice and primates with anti-CD40 ligand mAbs has resulted in a moderate prolongation of allograft survival without the development of true allograft tolerance. In this study, we show in rats that adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of CD40Ig sequences into the graft resulted in prolonged (>200 days) expression of CD40Ig and in long-term (>300 days) survival. Recipients expressing CD40Ig displayed strongly (>90%) inhibited mixed leukocyte reactions and alloantibody production at early (days 5 and 17) and late time points (>100 day) after transplantation, but showed limited inhibition of leukocyte infiltration and cytokine production as evaluated by immunohistology at early time points (day 5). Recipients of long-surviving hearts showed donor-specific hyporesponsiveness since acceptance of second cardiac allografts was donor specific. Nevertheless, long-term allografts (>100 days) displayed signs of chronic rejection vasculopathy. Occluded vessels showed leukocyte infiltration, mainly composed of CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells, macrophages, and mast cells. These recipients also showed antidonor CTL activity. Recipients expressing CD40Ig did not show nonspecific immunosuppression, as they were able to mount anticognate immune responses that were partially inhibited at early time points and were normal thereafter. We conclude that gene transfer-mediated expression of CD40Ig resulted in a highly efficient inhibition of acute heart allograft rejection in rats. This treatment induced donor-specific inhibition of certain alloreactive mechanisms in the short-, but not the long-term, which resulted in long-term survival of allografts concomitant with the development of chronic rejection.
Inhibition of EZH2 suppresses self-renewal and induces radiation sensitivity in atypical rhabdoid teratoid tumor cells (2012)

Our observations provide evidence that EZH2 disruption alters cell cycle progression and may be an important new therapeutic target, particularly in combination with radiation, in ATRT.
Design And Analysis Of A Compression Molded Carbon Composite Wheel Center (2013)

Importance of closed mold and short fibers in the manufacture of carbon composite parts was realized based on a study of existing manufacturing processes for thermoset resins as these can improve production volumes, cost reduction of the part, production of near net shape parts eliminating secondary operations and production of parts with near isotropic properties due to random fiber orientation. Compression molding process is the most preferred process as this addresses the problems of fiber damage effectively because of the minimal flow in the material. A brief study was done on the compression molded carbon composite parts in the industry. Identification of part manufacturers, process types, raw material suppliers are the key findings of the study. Compression molding process depends on three key areas such as geometry of the part, raw material used and the process conditions for producing a desired part. This thesis will demonstrate the advantageous carbon composite compression molding process by developing a high strength part for the racing team. A comparative study was done between wheel center and wheel hub for the existing process and areas for improvement. Wheel center was identified as the most suitable part for development based on scope of weight Reduction in team's goal and need for improvement in functional aspects. A detailed market study was done on the material suppliers and their compounds.Compounds are compared in relation to the existing aluminum grade. Three compounds are selected based on the strength and modulus values which are closer to the aluminum values. Modifications are made to the design to address the functional issues and to suit the process. Stress and deformation values are compared for existing and proposed designs. The proposed design promised over 20 % reduction in weight, stress and deformation. Detailed design for the mold is done based on the proposed design. Heating and cooling systems are studied and positions in the mold are analyzed in ansys and solidworks for the thermal distribution in the cavity. Detailed engineering drawings are made for the part and the mold. Process parameters like cure temperature, process pressure, press tonnage required are identified based on the selected raw material. This thesis will provide an approach for developing high strength parts by compression molding process.
Secure data hiding in binary document images for authentication (2003)

In this paper, we present a data hiding algorithm for binary document images. This algorithm is based on the Distance-Reciprocal Distortion Measure that is used to evaluate the amount of distortion caused by flipping a particular pixel in binary document images. The pixels that will cause less distortion after flipping are preferred candidates for flipping. We do the embedding by enforcing the odd-even features of non-uniform blocks and employ a 2-D shifting to provide security for tamper proofing and authentication. Experiments show that the watermark-embedded document image has good quality and tampering of content can be detected successfully.
Web-Service Solution for Inter-domain QoS Negotiation (2008)

Development of multimedia services, e.g. video on demand or IPTV and their flow transport over the IP multi-domain networks with quality of services (QoS) guarantees require appropriate management and control of QoS at service and also at the network level. The management and control system must first support cooperation between several independent network domains at service provisioning level while preserving independency of each domain at resource control level. Secondly, the system should integrate various low level mechanisms like QoS routing, resource reservation, admission control. Service Level Agreements and Specifications are used to express inter-entities commitments. This paper presents a web-service approach for implementing the inter-domain SLS negotiation process between network providers (pSLS). The solution is part of an end to end QoS integrated management system through heterogeneous networks defined by the ENTHRONE IST European project.
Implementing Dynamic Code Assembly for Client-Based Query Processing (1995)

Advanced database management systems (DBMS) are faced with increasingly complex query-processing tasks due to more powerful data models and query languages. These systems are usually conceived for client/server environments, with most application-oriented processing being done in the main-memory buffer at the client side. For performance reasons, it is indispensable to exploit the buffer contents when optimizing queries. As the buffer contents is only known at run time, advanced DBMS should support run-time optimization and offer concepts guaranteeing flexibility and efficiency of the subsequent phase of code generation. This paper addresses these issues. Our approach, dynamic code assembly, is based on a strictly orthogonal specification and implementation of the concepts involved in code generation, allowing to dynamically assemble executables from precompiled pieces of code, thus reducing explicit code generation to a minimum. We discuss our considerations and implementation referring to the KBMS KRISYS, although our ideas are generally applicable to advanced DBMS requiring run-time optimization and consequently flexible and efficient generation of executable code at run time.
Delay Testing Quality in Timing-Optimized Designs (2005)

As electronic CAD synthesis tools become more powerful, they will increasingly refine delay measiirements and adjust path delays so as to increase the clock rate or to reduce the chip area. This paper discusses the implications of such events on testing for delay defects. We provide a timing optimization procedure and show that the resultant density function of path delays is a delta function. Finally, we discuss the impact of timing optimization on the yield of a manufacturing process and the defect level for delay faults.
A comparison of three methods for coefficient quantization and bit allocation (2005)

A comparison of reflection coefficient, log area and inverse sine quantization is presented. The approach makes use of analytically tractable results without numerical approximations or direct frequency domain calculation. By using parameters obtained from a speech data base, specific bit allocations are obtained which insure that a prescribed maximum spectral deviation is not exceeded for each analysis frame. It is shown that overall, inverse sine quantization requires the minimum number of coding levels followed by log area quantization and then reflection coefficients. With the exception of the first two coefficients, however, the differences among the methods are shown to be rather minimal.
<title>Combined illumination cylindrical millimeter-wave imaging technique for concealed weapon detection</title> (2000)

A novel millimeter-wave imaging technique has been developed for personnel surveillance applications, including the detection of concealed weapons, explosives, drugs, and other contraband material. Millimeter-waves are high-frequency radio waves in the frequency band of 30 - 300 GHz, and pose no health threat to humans at moderate power levels. These waves readily penetrate common clothing materials, and are reflected by the human body and by concealed items. The combined illumination cylindrical imaging concept consists of a vertical, high-resolution, millimeter-wave array of antennas which is scanned in a cylindrical manner about the person under surveillance. Using a computer, the data from this scan is mathematically reconstructed into a series of focused 3D images of the person. After reconstruction, the images are combined into a single high-resolution 3D image of the person under surveillance. This combined image is then rendered using 3D computer graphics techniques. The combined cylindrical illumination is critical as it allows the display of information from all angles. This is necessary because millimeter-waves do not penetrate the body. Ultimately, the images displayed to the operate will be icon-based to protect the privacy of the person being screened. Novel aspects of this technique include the cylindrical scanning concept and the image reconstruction algorithm, which was developed specifically for this imaging system. An engineering prototype based on this cylindrical imaging technique has been fabricated and tested. This work has been sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration.
Optical waveguides formed by thermal migration of ions in glass (1972)

Optical waveguides were formed by increasing the index of refraction of a glass substrate by exchanging constituent glass ions in a small region near the surface. The glass refractive index is related to the density of the ions and to their polarizabilities. Tl <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> , K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> , and Ag <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> ions were thermally diffused into the glass and resulted in a region of higher index. Index changes as high as .15 and waveguide thickness up to several microns were measured.
A Single-Molecule Assay to Directly Identify Solvent-Accessible Disulfide Bonds and Probe Their Effect on Protein Folding (2007)

Mechanical unfolding of a single domain protein with engineered disulfide bonds in reducing and oxidizing conditions has been probed by single-molecule force spectroscopy. Reduction of the solvent-accessible disulfide bond by the chemical reducing agent DTT resulted in an increase in the protein contour length, and the kinetics of reduction were measured at the single-molecule level. In contrast, a sequestered disulfide bond was not readily reduced by DTT. We also show that the protein folding kinetics are sensitive to the redox environment, and the differential kinetics of the oxidized and reduced domains were simultaneously measured.
SPEC CPU2006 memory footprint (2007)

The nominal goal for memory consumption by SPEC CPU2006 benchmarks is up to about 900 MB when compiled with 32-bit pointers. The 900 MB maxium was chosen so that a system with 1GB will have about 100MB available for the operating system and overhead processes. By comparison, the goal for SPEC CPU2000 was 200MB [1].
Methylation dependent gold adsorption behaviour identifies cancer derived extracellular vesicular DNA (2020)

Extracellular vesicles (EV) play a major role in intercellular communication by transmitting cellular materials (e.g. protein, RNA) among distant cells. Recent evidence suggests that they could also contribute to carrying DNA which could inform on the mutational status of the parent tumour DNA. Thus, the fundamental analysis of evDNA could open a better understanding of tumour metastasis and provide new pathways for noninvasive detection and monitoring of cancer. To explore the potential of evDNA for diagnostics, the isolation of pure evDNA from body fluids free of cfDNA contamination is crucial. Herein, we use a liposome based model system to develop an improved evDNA isolation protocol free from cfDNA contamination and evaluate the methylation dependent physicochemical properties of evDNA to develop a simple test for detecting cancer evDNA. Using a highly sensitive multiplex microelectrode device, we demonstrate that serum-evDNA derived from cancer patients show different solution and surface based properties than normal evDNA due to their different methylation landscape (i.e. methylscape). This microdevice allows simultaneous analysis of multiple samples in a single platform from as low as 500 pg μL<sup>-1</sup> of evDNA.
Protein composition of Lp(a) lipoprotein from human plasma (1983)

The apolipoprotein composition of purified human Lp(a) lipoprotein was investigated by SDS--polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunochemically. The lipoprotein contains two different polypeptides. One is identical by its app. Mr of approximately 250 000 and immunologically with apolipoprotein B of LDL (B-100). The other polypeptide has a higher app. Mr (approximately 350 000) and stains strongly with the periodate-Schiff's reagent. This high-Mr glycoprotein contains the specific Lp(a) immunoreactivity but does not react with antibodies against apo B. Apo B and Lp(a)-protein seem to be linked by disulfide bonds in the native lipoprotein. The unreduced detergent delipidized protein moiety from Lp(a) lipoprotein shows a single band of Mr approximately 700 000 in SDS--polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the immunoprecipitates formed against anti-Lp(a) and anti-apo B by the unreduced protein show a reaction of immunological identity.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGENS (&gamma;-SEMINOPROTEIN: &gamma;-Sm) (1985)

既に報告した前立腺特異抗原γ-Seminoprotein (略してγ-Sm) をマウス (BALB/C) に免疫し, その脾細胞とマウス・ミエローマ細胞株NSI細胞との細胞融合を行ない, γ-Smに対するモノクローナル抗体産生細胞株を樹立した. この樹立細胞株から産生されたモノクローナル抗体を使用し, 血中のγ-Sm値の測定と酵素免疫測定法 (ELISA法) を確立した. その結果, 末治療前立腺癌患者群では血中γ-Sm値が高値を示し, 健常男子群, 前立腺肥大症群, 前立腺以外の悪性腫瘍群と比較して有意の差を認めた.また, prostatic acid phosphatase 値との感度および特異性について比較検討をおこない, γ-SmがPAPに比べ前立腺癌の診断に良好な成績を得た.
Towards a taint mode for cloud computing web applications (2012)

Cloud computing is generally understood as the distribution of data and computations over the Internet. Over the past years, there has been a steep increase in web sites using this technology. Unfortunately, those web sites are not exempted from injection flaws and cross-site scripting, two of the most common security risks in web applications. Taint analysis is an automatic approach to detect vulnerabilities. Cloud computing platforms possess several features that, while facilitating the development of web applications, make it difficult to apply off-the-shelf taint analysis techniques. More specifically, several of the existing taint analysis techniques do not deal with persistent storage (e.g. object datastores), opaque objects (objects whose implementation cannot be accessed and thus tracking tainted data becomes a challenge), or a rich set of security policies (e.g. forcing a specific order of sanitizers to be applied). We propose a taint analysis for could computing web applications that consider these aspects. Rather than modifying interpreters or compilers, we provide taint analysis via a Python library for the cloud computing platform Google App Engine (GAE). To evaluate the use of our library, we harden an existing GAE web application against cross-site scripting attacks.
New isoreticular metal-organic framework materials for high hydrogen storage capacity (2005)

We propose new isoreticular metal-organic framework (IRMOF) materials to increase the hydrogen storage capacity at room temperature. Based on the potential-energy surface of hydrogen molecules on IRMOF linkers and the interaction energy between hydrogen molecules, we estimate the saturation value of hydrogen sorption capacity at room temperature. We discuss design criteria and propose new IRMOF materials that have high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen storage densities. These new IRMOF materials may have gravimetric storage density up to 6.5 wt % and volumetric storage density up to 40 kg H2/m3 at room temperature.
Characterization of a novel lipoprotein mutant in Escherichia coli. (1984)

Mutants altered in the structural gene for murein lipoprotein in Escherichia coli can be isolated by globomycin selection. We have isolated a unique globomycin-resistant mutant, strain 6-23, which synthesizes a structurally altered, albeit modified and processed, lipoprotein. DNA sequence analysis of the mutant lpp allele and determination of the amino acid composition of the mutant lipoprotein revealed a single amino acid substitution of cysteine for arginine at the 68th amino acid residue of prolipoprotein. Pulse-chase experiments revealed that the kinetics of lipoprotein maturation was affected by this alteration in the structure of lipoprotein.