gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection and Assignment of Common Scaffolds in Project Databases of Lead Molecules (2008)

A method is presented for the detection and analysis of multiple common scaffolds for small collections of pharmaceutically relevant molecules that share a set of common structural motifs. The input consists of the molecules themselves, possibly some of the scaffolds, and possibly information about the relation between the substitution points of these scaffolds. Three new algorithms are presented: multiple scaffold detection, common scaffold alignment, and scaffold substructure assignment. Each of these steps is relevant for cases when either none, some, or all information about the common scaffolds and their substitution patterns is available. Each of these problems must be solved in an optimal way in order to produce useful structure-activity correlations. The output consists of a collection of scaffolds, a common numbering system, and a unique mapping of each molecule to a single scaffold substructure. This information can then be used to produce data for structure-activity analysis of medicinal chemistry project databases.
THE FEMALE GAMETOPHYTE: DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTION (2013)

The plant life cycle alternates the diploid sporophyte and the haploid gametophyte. The female gametophyte of flowering plants develops within the ovule, a specialized structure within the ovary, which gives rise to the seed after fertilization. Sexual reproduction in plants entails a series of developmental steps that culminate in the formation of the seed. The developing ovule protects the haploid female gametophyte, which is formed as the result of the megasporogenesis and megagametogenesis. Inside the female gametophyte, the two female gametic cells, the central and the egg cells, upon fertilization give rise to the seed endosperm and embryo respectively. During my PhD, I dissect the genetic and molecular networks controlling female gametophyte formation and differentiation. I employed a yeast one-hybrid approach to identify EC1.1 regulators; the EC1 genes are specifically expressed in the female gamete and they are required for gamete fusion, therefore they are good candidates for clarify how gamete differentiation occurs in Arabidopsis thaliana. Among the transcription factors isolated, we focused on SUPPRESSOR OF FRIGIDA4 (SUF4). In vivo and in vitro evidences support SUF4 capacity to regulate AtEC1.1, furthermore suf4 mutants show also a mild ec1 phenotype. Plant can produce progeny without sexual reproduction. One example is apomixis, where meiosis and fertilization of the egg by male gametes are by passed to result in the production of clonal progeny without a parental contribution. Apomixis is due to modifications of the sexual reproduction and it does not occur in the major crop species, but is found in many wild species like Poa pratensis and Brachiaria brizantha. The idea of this work is to study genes involved in apomixis in apomictic plants, and then studies the function in the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana. In Poa pratensis by the cDNA-AFLP technique several genes differentially expressed in apomictic and sexual genotypes have been isolated. During my PhD I characterized the Arabidopsis homologue of PpAPO1 (Poa pratensis APOSTART 1) that has been renamed AtAPO1. Brachiaria brizantha is an important forage grass. The occurrence of both apomictic and sexual reproduction within Brachiaria makes it an interesting system for understanding the molecular pathways involved in both modes of reproduction.
Spectral imaging by a multichannel camera (1999)

The <i>Journal of Electronic Imaging</i> (JEI), copublished bimonthly with the Society for Imaging Science and Technology, publishes peer-reviewed papers that cover research and applications in all areas of electronic imaging science and technology.
Optimal distributed decision fusion (1989)

The problem of decision fusion in distributed sensor systems is considered. Distributed sensors pass their decisions about the same hypothesis to a fusion center that combines them into a final decision. Assuming that the sensor decisions are independent of each other for each hypothesis, the authors provide a general proof that the optimal decision scheme that maximizes the probability of detection at the fusion for fixed false alarm probability consists of a Neyman-Pearson test (or a randomized N-P test) at the fusion and likelihood-ratio tests at the sensors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High power (600 mW CW) phase-locked semiconductor laser arrays (1982)

Optical output power levels as high as 600 mW CW/facet have been obtained from a phase-locked semiconductor injection laser array. The laser threshold current is 135 mA, it emits at ≈8000 Å, differential quantum efficiency is 68%, and the maximum measured total power conversion efficiency is 23%. Devices have been operated up to 105°C at power levels of 200 mW CW per facet. These types of phased array lasers generate a coherent low divergence (1-1.5°) far-field beam parallel to the plane of the p-n junction. The coherence which arises from optical coupling among the filaments of the array permits the beam to be focused into a nearly diffraction limited spot. We report, for the first time, 90 mwatts concentrated in a 2.5 µm diameter circle, thus illustrating the utility of the device for high speed recording applications. These lasers have also coupled 150 mW CW into an optical fiber.
Shape-based interpolation of multidimensional grey-level images (1996)

Shape-based interpolation as applied to binary images causes the interpolation process to be influenced by the shape of the object. It accomplishes this by first applying a distance transform to the data. This results in the creation of a grey-level data set in which the value at each point represents the minimum distance from that point to the surface of the object. (By convention, points inside the object are assigned positive values; points outside are assigned negative values.) This distance transformed data set is then interpolated using linear or higher-order interpolation and is then thresholded at a distance value of zero to produce the interpolated binary data set. Here, the authors describe a new method that extends shape-based interpolation to grey-level input data sets. This generalization consists of first lifting the n-dimensional (n-D) image data to represent it as a surface, or equivalently as a binary image, in an (n+1)-dimensional [(n+1)-D] space. The binary shape-based method is then applied to this image to create an (n+1)-D binary interpolated image. Finally, this image is collapsed (inverse of lifting) to create the n-D interpolated grey-level data set. The authors have conducted several evaluation studies involving patient computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) data as well as mathematical phantoms. They all indicate that the new method produces more accurate results than commonly used grey-level linear interpolation methods, although at the cost of increased computation.
Oxidation of o-nitrobenzeneselenenic acid by hydrogen peroxide in alkaline solution (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation of o-nitrobenzeneselenenic acid by hydrogen peroxide in alkaline solutionJohn L. Kice and M. Beata ManekCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 13, 2953–2955Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00389a066https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00389a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views40Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An efficient weak secrecy scheme for network coding data dissemination in VANET (2008)

Vehicular networks create a new communication paradigm that enables to exploit the movement of cars to disseminate content. If network coding is used, vehicles have much more flexibility in content sharing and the system stability and scalability are promoted also in presence of mobility. Along this line, we propose an efficient mechanism to provide secrecy of the information. Traditional approaches based on encryption decrease the cooperation willingness of intermediate nodes, which have no expectation of recovering the file. Our scheme is based on obfuscation by processing and polluting the original file so that only the intended recipients, informed of corrupted blocks, can recover the information timely. We present several alternatives to efficiently provide weak secrecy and to foster cooperation. We simulate the file distribution in a vehicular network and show that the proposed scheme enhances content distribution in term of downloading speed and it is much more efficient than the ones that use encryption.
Basic Study on the Effect of Scent on Arousal Level Using Multi-Channel Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (MNIRS) (2011)

As a result, it is verified that not only characteristics of the scent but also the driver’s preference and subjective judgment of scent changes affect on the each driving performance. The brain activity change by olfactory stimulation and the brain blood flow change by other stimulation were also investigated. The effects of the functional brain imaging of olfactory activity were measured and the comfortable scent for the individual subject was verified to be effective for maintaining the arousal level.
Developing Expertise in Judgement Artistry in Occupational Therapy Practice (2006)

This paper presents a follow-up to an earlier paper (Paterson et al 2005) on the topic of judgement artistry. Here the expertise literature is reviewed and the research findings related to developing judgement artistry are presented. Experts use cognitive, metacognitive and humanistic aspects of professional artistry to make highly skilled micro-, macro- and meta-judgements that are optimal for the given circumstances of the client and the context. The professional practice judgement artistry (PPJA) model presented in the earlier paper makes a unique contribution to professional development by offering a creative and challenging perspective on expertise. Finally, the overall research approach is critiqued, considering issues of credibility and rigour, and suggestions for future research are provided.
Nonlinear self-phase-locking effect in an array of current-driven magnetic nanocontacts (2005)

We show that in an array of magnetic nanocontacts driven by spin-polarized current a self-phase-locking effect can lead to a regime in which all the contacts are generating microwave oscillations with the same frequency and phase, and coherent addition of microwave power generated by individual nanocontacts is possible. The mechanism of this self-phase-locking effect is strongly nonlinear, while the frequency band of phase locking is an order of magnitude larger than in the usual coupled generators and depends on the direction of the bias magnetic field applied to the nanocontacts.
(—)-Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Antagonizes the Peripheral Cannabinoid Receptor-mediated Inhibition of Adenylyl Cyclase (1996)

(-)-Delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol ((-)-Delta9-THC) is the major active psychotropic component of the marijuana plant, Cannabis sativa. The membrane proteins that have been found to bind this material or its derivatives have been called the cannabinoid receptors. Two GTP-binding protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors have been cloned. CB1 or the neuronal cannabinoid receptor is found mostly in neuronal cells and tissues while CB2 or the peripheral cannabinoid receptor has been detected in spleen and in several cells of the immune system. It has previously been shown that activation of CB1 or CB2 receptors by cannabinoid agonists inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity. Utilizing Chinese hamster ovary cells and COS cells transfected with the cannabinoid receptors we report that (-)-Delta9-THC binds to both receptors with similar affinity. However, in contrast to its capacity to serve as an agonist for the CB1 receptor, (-)-Delta9-THC was only able to induce a very slight inhibition of adenylyl cyclase at the CB2 receptor. Morever, (-)-Delta9-THC antagonizes the agonist-induced inhibition of adenylyl cyclase mediated by CB2. Therefore, we conclude that (-)-Delta9-THC constitutes a weak antagonist for the CB2 receptor.
40.1: <i>Invited Paper</i> : The Zenithal Bistable Device: From Concept to Consumer (2007)

Abstract The first commercial use of the Zenithal Bistable Display (ZBD®) is for electronic point of purchase (epop™) signage in the retail sector. As a reflective bistable display, this novel LCD technology only consumes power if the image is updated. It is addressed using a simple passive matrix and consequently allows large amounts of information to be displayed using low cost STN drivers. The operating principles, manufacturing method and performance of ZBD are reviewed.
Real-time Panoramic Mosaics and Augmented Reality (1998)

This paper investigates estimating exact imaging transformations accurately, reliably and efficiently. It is shown that in certain common computer vision situations the transformation required can be defined by a small number of parameters. Search is only required over these parameters, and consequently the search algorithms to estimate the transformation can be run at frame rate, without sacrificing robustness or accuracy. Performance is superior to often used approximations to these transformations. Two examples are illustrated: planar panoramic mosaicing, and augmented reality. Both applications run at frame rate on standard desktop machines, such as an SGI Indy or a PC.
An Inverted Index Based Audio Retrieval Method (2013)

传统的基于实例的音频检索算法采用顺序索引，检索时需遍历数据库并导致难以忍受的等待时间。针对传统的顺序的索引方法，该文提出基于倒排索引的音频检索算法。该方法首先利用多种音频特征构成的超向量，通过多层音频分割方法将连续音频流分割为特征数值波动幅度小的短时音频段；然后利用事先训练好的音频字典，将短时音频段序列转换为可以表征音频内容的音频字序列，并建立倒排索引；检索时，将用户提交的查询转换为音频字后利用倒排索引无须遍历数据库即可直接定位候选段落，并根据候选段落与查询的内容相似度大小对候选段落进行排序，将排好序的列表作为检索结果。仿真实验以匹配项排名、同类检索结果比例、定位准确性和检索用时4个方面作为评价指标，实验结果显示，该算法能够在平均1.101 s时间内实现92.58%的检索准确率。
Synthesis of Oxacalixarenes Incorporating Nitrogen Heterocycles:  Evidence for Thermodynamic Control (2006)

[structure: see text] Oxacalix[2]arene[2]hetarenes are formed in a single step by cyclooligomerization of meta-diphenols with meta-dichlorinated azaheterocycles. The high selectivity for cyclic tetramer formation results from thermodynamic product control. Macrocycles as large as oxacalix[5]arene[5]hetarenes have been isolated under nonequilibrating conditions.
FreeStyle Navigator Continuous Glucose Monitoring System Use in Children With Type 1 Diabetes Using Glargine-Based Multiple Daily Dose Regimens (2008)

In a previous pilot study of the FreeStyle Navigator™ Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (“Navigator”, Abbott Diabetes Care) in 30 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using insulin pumps, we found that Navigator use averaged >130 hours per week over 13 weeks and mean HbA1c dropped from 7.1 ± 0.6% to 6.8 ± 0.7% (p=0.02) (1). The current study evaluated whether the Navigator was similarly tolerated over 13 weeks in 27 children aged 4–17 years with T1D using glargine-based multiple daily injection (MDI) insulin regimens. Subjects averaged >100 hours/week of Navigator use. Mean HbA1c fell from 7.9 ± 1.0% at baseline to 7.3 ± 0.9% at 13 weeks (p=0.004). High satisfaction with the Navigator was reported on the Continuous Glucose Monitor Satisfaction Scale. These encouraging pilot study results support the inclusion of MDI users in longer-term randomized clinical trials of continuous glucose monitors (CGM).
Key-frame radial projection for robust video hashing (2005)

Robust signal hashing defines a feature vector that characterizes the signal, independently of non-significant distortions of its content, due for example to compression. Our paper first proposes a robust image hashing algorithm, based on radial projection of the image pixels, and evaluates its robustness and discriminating capabilities. The method appears to generate similar feature vectors for visually equivalent images, while resulting in distinct vectors for two different images. Robust image hashing is then extended to video sequences by selecting key-frames, and by extracting a feature vector for each of these frames. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach is able to characterize the video sequence content, while providing good robustness towards spatial or temporal distortions.
Development and Evaluation of a Solar Ultraviolet-B Radiometer. (1996)

A new band-spectral solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B: 290-320 nm) radiometer was developed to achieve a simple and accurate outdoor measurement. The spectral response of the radiometer has a maximum at 305 nm and has a 20-nm bandwidth. In this radiometer, incident solar UV-B irradiance is converted to visible irradiance by a phosphor layer and is detected by a Si-photodiode. The spectral, cosine, azimuth and temperature responses of the radiometer have been evaluated. Contamination by UV-A radiation longer than 320 nm in wavelength is less than 6% of the measured UV-B radiation. No changes in instrumental sensitivity nor in the spectral response of the radiometer have been found during periodical checks over a two-year span. Results indicate that this radiometer is useful for continuous, high time-resolution measurement of solar UV-B radiation.
Building co-crystals with molecular sense and supramolecular sensibility (2005)

Molecular recognition is typically associated with molecules in solution, but such events are also responsible for organizing molecules in the solid state. Translating principles of molecular recognition to solid-state assembly of heteromeric molecular solids is of key importance to the development of versatile, reliable and practical supramolecular synthesis. In this article we provide an overview of some modular and transferable strategies for the synthesis of binary and ternary supermolecules and co-crystals based upon a hierarchy of intermolecular interactions, notably hydrogen bonds.
Limbless locomotion: learning to crawl (2003)

This research develops a general framework for teaching a complex electromechanical robot to become mobile where sequences of body motions alone provide progression. The framework incorporates a learning technique, physical modeling, metrics for evaluation, and the transfer of results to a snake-like mobile robot. The mechanism and control of a 20 degree of freedom snake robot is described and multiple gaits are demonstrated including novel non-snake-like gaits. This research furthers the design and control of limbless robots.
FUNDAMENTALS OF PAINT RHEOLOGY (1968)

A WELL-FORMULATED PAINT NORMALLY EXHIBITS VISCOSITIES RANGING FROM AROUND 1.0 POISE AT VERY HIGH APPLICATION SHEAR RATES (BRUSHING, SPRAYING, ROLLER COATING PROCESSES) TO ESSENTIALLY AN INFINITE VISCOSITY AT VERY LOW SHEAR RATES (SETTLING, SAGGING, LEVELING, PENETRATION CONDITIONS). HENCE, THE PAINT MAN SHOULD BE INTERESTED IN THESE FLOW EXTREMES AND SHOULD BE MEASURING VISCOSITIES IN THESE REGIONS WITH PROPER VISCOMETERS. UNFORTUNATELY, HE IS PRESENTLY SADDLED WICH ARCHAIC INSTRUMENTS THAT GIVE VAGUE NUMBERS (NOT TRUE VISCOSITIES) IN A MIDDLE SHEAR RATE RANGE WHICH IS OF NO SPECIAL INTEREST. PRESENT PAINT VISCOMETERS SERVE ONLY TO PROVIDE ARBITRARY CONTROL NUMBERS OF QUESTIONABLE VALUE. DATA ARE OFFERED TO SUBSTANTIATE THE ABOVE STATEMENTS AND PROPOSALS ARE OUTLINED SHOWING HOW THE PAINT MAN CAN WORK HIMSELF OUT OF THE PRESENT UNSATISFACTORY STATE OF AFFAIRS AND ADVANCE HIS CAPABILITIES FOR MEASURING AND CONTROLLING FLOW IN THE PAINT INDUSTRY TO MATCH THE GENERAL ADVANCE BEING MADE IN FLOW MEASUREMENTS. /AUTHOR/
Spontaneous emission from fluorescent molecules embedded in photonic crystals consisting of polystyrene microspheres (1998)

Spontaneous emission from dye molecules embedded in periodic dielectric structures was investigated. The structures consist of close-packed arrays of dye-doped polystyrene microspheres. Periodic arrays of polystyrene spheres with a submicrometer diameter were shown to provide a nonoverlapping gap or pseudogap in the visible spectral region. The modification of the spontaneous emission from inside the pseudogap structure was observed as a deep dip in the photoluminescence spectra. The alteration in the emission spectra is explained in terms of the partial suppression of radiation modes due to the periodic dielectric structures.
A Model‐Based Approach to Determine the Design Space of Preparative Chromatography (2009)

Abstract A dream of many pharmaceutical companies is to be able to register a large design space with the regulatory agencies. The problem is that this will require both time and money, so an intelligent method of validating a design space is needed. The design space should only cover operating points at which the process runs optimally. This means that the process should be optimized for different process scenarios and objective functions and the found operating points should be registered as design space. This paper presents a method of determining a good design space by creating Pareto fronts for the ideal case and for various process disturbance scenarios. Optimal operating points are found for varying ratios between feed costs and operating costs, making it possible to make a quantitative choice of an operating point based on this ratio and a qualitative choice based on the whole front. The analysis will show how the chromatographic process can be made more robust when optimizing for higher yields, and how the effect of the critical process parameters can change. To be certain that a robust process is found and that it has a high performance, process disturbances must be taken into account when optimizing a process.
A General Strategy to Elisabethane Diterpenes:  Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Elisapterosin B via Oxidative Cyclization of an Elisabethin Precursor (2003)

Described is an efficient synthesis of the complex bioactive natural product, elisapterosin B, a potent in vitro inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rb. The synthesis elisapterosin B, prepared in its enantiomeric form, proceeds by a highly stereocontrolled sequence commencing with a simple glutamic acid derived compound. Pivotal steps in the sequence include (a) a pinacol-type ketal rearrangement to transfer chirality, (b) an IMDA reaction of an E,Z-diene to construct the elisabethin skeleton, and (c) a biosynthesis-inspired oxidative cyclization of the elisabethin precursor to elisapterosin B.
Fusion target designed to match present relativistic electron beam machine parameters (1975)

The range of parameters considered for this design were restricted to beam voltages of 1 MeV and pulse widths of 50 ns, with zero rise and fall time. Total beam energy was varied from 10 kJ to 100 kJ. Descriptions are given of the target and electron deposition. Computer calculations are given of electron beam heating of the fuel.