gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of a Crossflow at the Entrance to a Film-Cooling Hole (1997)

Understanding the complex flow of jets issuing into a crossflow from an inclined hole that has a short length-to-diameter ration is relevant for film-cooling applications on gas turbine blades. In particular, this experimental study focused on the effect of different velocities in a coflowing channel at the cooling hole entrance. Flows on both sides of the cooling hole (entrance and exit) were parallel and in the same direction. With the blowing ratio and the mainstream velocity at the hole exit remaining fixed, only the flow velocity in the channel at the hole entrance was varied. The Mach number at the hole entrance was varied between 0 < Mac < 0.5, while the Mach number at the hole exit remained constant at Ma∞ = 0.25. The velocity ratio and density ratio of the jet were unity giving a blowing ratio and momentum flux ratio also of unity. The single, scaled-up film-cooling hole was inclined at 30 deg with respect to the mainstream and had a hole length-to-diameter ratio of L/D = 6. Flowfield measurements were made inside the hole, at the hole inlet and exit, and in the near-hole region where the jet interacted with the crossflow at the hole exit. The results show that for entrance crossflow Mach numbers of Mac = 0 and 0.5, a separation region occurs on the leeward and windward side of the cooling hole entrances, respectively. As a result of this separation region, the cooling jet exits in a skewed manner with very high turbulence levels.
[Hyperbaric oxygenation in the comprehensive treatment of children who had operations on the abdominal organs]. (1991)

After the operation on the abdominal organs in 98 children ranging in age from 2.5 mos to 13 yrs, hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) was included into the complex of therapeutic measures. Regime of HBO and number of seanses were chosen depending on a type of operative intervention and severity of the course of the main disease. The authors consider expedient the early (2-4 h after the operation) use of HBO, including the patients who had the intestinal anastomosis placed. The tactics of treatment with the use of HBO of postoperative functional ileus is presented.
Cranberry Juice Inhibits Metal and Non-Metal Initiated Oxidation of Human Low Density Lipoproteins<i>in vitro</i> (2000)

ABSTRACT Flavonoids can bind the divalent cations frequently used to evaluate LDL antioxidant capacity in vitro.Flavonoids in cranberry juice (CBJ) may serve as antioxidants and promote cardiovascular health. This in vitrostudy characterizes CBJ effects on metal and non-metal based oxidation of human LDL. For cupric ion-initiated oxidation of LDL, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) formation and relative electrophoretic mobility (REM) were significantly inhibited by CBJ at a dilution of 1:10,000. Diene formation during LDL oxidation was evaluated by continuous measurement of absorbance at 234 nm. Tie time required for cupric ion-initiated LDL oxidations to reach maximum reaction velocity was significantly delayed by 1:10,000 dilutions of CBJ. Non-metal initiated LDL oxidation by 2,2'-azobis-amidi-nopropane was significantly inhibited by CBJ at dilutions of 1:10,000 and 1:5,000 for REM and TT5ARS tests, respectively. Protection of LDL from both metal and non-metal based oxidative injury confirms that the effects of CBJ are not due to flavonoid chelation of oxidants but due to a true and potent antioxidant capacity.
Auto-painter: Cartoon Image Generation from Sketch by Using Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (2017)

Recently, realistic image generation using deep neural networks has become a hot topic in machine learning and computer vision. Images can be generated at the pixel level by learning from a large collection of images. Learning to generate colorful cartoon images from black-and-white sketches is not only an interesting research problem, but also a potential application in digital entertainment. In this paper, we investigate the sketch-to-image synthesis problem by using conditional generative adversarial networks (cGAN). We propose the auto-painter model which can automatically generate compatible colors for a sketch. The new model is not only capable of painting hand-draw sketch with proper colors, but also allowing users to indicate preferred colors. Experimental results on two sketch datasets show that the auto-painter performs better that existing image-to-image methods.
The length of the male urethra (2008)

Literature documenting the length of the normal male adult urethra is scarce. Our data adds to basic anatomic information of the male urethra and may be used to optimize genitourinary device design.
New portable sensor system for rotational seismic motion measurements (2010)

A new mechanical sensor system for recording the rotation of ground velocity has been constructed. It is based on measurements of differential motions between paired sensors mounted along the perimeter of a rigid (undeformable) disk. The elementary sensors creating the pairs are sensitive low-frequency geophones currently used in seismic exploration to record translational motions. The main features of the new rotational seismic sensor system are flat characteristics in the wide frequency range from 1 to 200 Hz and sensitivity limit of the order of 10(-8) rad/s. Notable advantages are small dimensions, portability, easy installation and operation in the field, and the possibility of calibrating the geophones in situ simultaneously with the measurement. An important feature of the instrument is that it provides records of translational seismic motions together with rotations, which allows many important seismological applications. We have used the new sensor system to record the vertical rotation velocity due to a small earthquake of M(L)=2.2, which occurred within the earthquake swarm in Western Bohemia in autumn 2008. We found good agreement of the rotation record with the transverse acceleration as predicted by theory. This measurement demonstrates that this device has a much wider application than just to prospecting measurements, for which it was originally designed.
Review of Causal Discovery Methods Based on Graphical Models (2019)

A fundamental task in various disciplines of science, including biology, is to find underlying causal relations and make use of them. Causal relations can be seen if interventions are properly applied; however, in many cases they are difficult or even impossible to conduct. It is then necessary to discover causal relations by analyzing statistical properties of purely observational data, which is known as causal discovery or causal structure search. This paper aims to give a introduction to and a brief review of the computational methods for causal discovery that were developed in the past three decades, including constraint-based and score-based methods and those based on functional causal models, supplemented by some illustrations and applications.
Dynamic Stability of Machines with Articulated Frame Steering in Automatic Warning System Aspect (1995)

Dynamic Stability of Machines with Articulated Frame Steering in Automatic Warning System Aspect Piotr Dudzinski, Radoslaw Cieslak, Kazimierz Pieczonka Pages 299-306 (1995 Proceedings of the 12th ISARC, Warsaw, Poland, ISBN 9788386040025, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: The stability of operation of heavy machines is one of the main factors determining their working ability and safety. This problem is of a major importance for articulated frame machines that have worse stability than machines with the conventional steering system. So far the problem has not been solved satisfactorily. In this paper, problems of the dynamics stability of the articulated frame machine will be discussed. Using as an example the bucket loader, the structural form of physical and mathematical models of the machine's dynamics will be outlined. The mathematical model of the articulated frame machine's dynamics which is presented in this paper, is indispensable when one wants to define the control quantities for a system automatically warning the operator about the overturning of the machine. The technical concept of this system based on theoretical considerations in this field is also presented. Keywords: No keywords DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC1995/0036 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
On-Board Vision Processing for Small UAVs: Time to Rethink Strategy (2009)

The ultimate research goal for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is to facilitate autonomy of operation. Research in the last decade has highlighted the potential of vision sensing in this regard. Although vital for accomplishment of missions assigned to any type of unmanned aerial vehicles, vision sensing is more critical for small aerial vehicles due to lack of high precision inertial sensors. In addition, uncertainty of GPS signal in indoor and urban environments calls for more reliance on vision sensing for such small vehicles. With off-line processing does not offer an attractive option in terms of autonomy, these vehicles have been challenging platforms to implement vision processing on-board due to their strict payload capacity and power budget. The strict constraints drive the need for new vision processing architectures for small unmanned aerial vehicles. Recent research has shown encouraging results with FPGA based hardware architectures. This paper reviews the bottle necks involved in implementing vision processing on-board,advocates the potential of hardware based solutions to tackle strict constraints of small unmanned aerial vehicles and finally analyzes feasibility of ASICs, Structured ASICs and FPGAs for use on future systems.
Programmed Cell Death in <i>Escherichia coli</i> : Some Antibiotics Can Trigger <i>mazEF</i> Lethality (2001)

The discovery of toxin-antitoxin gene pairs (also called addiction modules) on extrachromosomal elements of Escherichia coli, and particularly the discovery of homologous modules on the bacterial chromosome, suggest that a potential for programmed cell death may be inherent in bacterial cultures. We have reported on the E. coli mazEF system, a regulatable addiction module located on the bacterial chromosome. MazF is a stable toxin and MazE is a labile antitoxin. Here we show that cell death mediated by the E. coli mazEF module can be triggered by several antibiotics (rifampicin, chloramphenicol, and spectinomycin) that are general inhibitors of transcription and/or translation. These antibiotics inhibit the continuous expression of the labile antitoxin MazE, and as a result, the stable toxin MazF causes cell death. Our results have implications for the possible mode(s) of action of this group of antibiotics.
Food Poisoning and Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxins (2010)

Staphylococcus aureus produces a wide variety of toxins including staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs; SEA to SEE, SEG to SEI, SER to SET) with demonstrated emetic activity, and staphylococcal-like (SEl) proteins, which are not emetic in a primate model (SElL and SElQ) or have yet to be tested (SElJ, SElK, SElM to SElP, SElU, SElU2 and SElV). SEs and SEls have been traditionally subdivided into classical (SEA to SEE) and new (SEG to SElU2) types. All possess superantigenic activity and are encoded by accessory genetic elements, including plasmids, prophages, pathogenicity islands, vSa genomic islands, or by genes located next to the staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) implicated in methicillin resistance. SEs are a major cause of food poisoning, which typically occurs after ingestion of different foods, particularly processed meat and dairy products, contaminated with S. aureus by improper handling and subsequent storage at elevated temperatures. Symptoms are of rapid onset and include nausea and violent vomiting, with or without diarrhea. The illness is usually self-limiting and only occasionally it is severe enough to warrant hospitalization. SEA is the most common cause of staphylococcal food poisoning worldwide, but the involvement of other classical SEs has been also demonstrated. Of the new SE/SEls, only SEH have clearly been associated with food poisoning. However, genes encoding novel SEs as well as SEls with untested emetic activity are widely represented in S. aureus, and their role in pathogenesis may be underestimated.
Liquid/Solid Phase Diagrams of Binary Carbonates for Lithium Batteries Part II (2001)

With a differential scanning calorimeter, we mapped five liquid/solid phase diagrams of binary carbonates: propylene carbonate (PC)-dimethyl carbonate (DMC), PC-diethyl carbonate (DEC), DEC-ethylene carbonate (EC), DEC-DMC, and DEC-ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC). These phase diagrams, together with the ones we had published earlier, provided a complete representation for all the binary combinations of these five common carbonates: EC, PC, DMC, EMC, DEC. The results showed that all the combinations formed simple eutectic systems, although details of their phase diagrams greatly varied, that DEC melted at −74.3°C instead of the currently accepted value of −43°C, and that DEC was less effective than either EMC or DMC in bringing down the liquidus temperatures of their binary mixtures with EC. These results followed the trend we had observed earlier that an expansion toward low temperature of the liquid region of a binary system was facilitated by the two components having close melting points and similar molecular structures. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
The diversity of human factors: illustrating the relevance for nursing (2012)

This article looks at a selection of human factors tools and activities that may be used in nursing practice to improve the safety of patient care. The Human Factors Walk-Around tool and the Foresight training programme are highlighted as means to raise awareness of systems factors that may compromise safety. Ideas are given on how to improve team skills, to consider risk proactively, and to influence the design of the healthcare system in which care is delivered.
Passive balancing of battery lithium polymer using shunt resistor circuit method (2016)

In this study, the system was designed for monitoring the voltage condition of each battery’s cell. The method used in this study is by using passive shunt resistor balancing method. An electronic circuit was designed in order to balance the value of the able voltage at the battery cells using resistors and then to remove the excess voltage. The result showed that the electrical circuit was capable to balance the voltage of each cell. Based on experiment with several values of load, it is can concluded that 0.1C rate of discharge has the best performance, because it does not affect battery voltage characteristic significantly which leads to better sensor reads.
Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Cultures for Studies of Brain Damage, Neuroprotection and Neurorepair (2005)

Slices of developing brain tissue can be grown for several weeks as so-called organotypic slice cultures. Here we summarize and review studies using hippocampal slice cultures to investigate mechanisms and treatment strategies for the neurodegenerative disorders like stroke (cerebral ischemia), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and epilepsia. Studies of non-excitotoxic neurotoxic compounds and the experimental use of slice cultures in studies of HIV neurotoxicity, traumatic brain injury (TBI) and neurogenesis are included. For cerebral ischemia, experimental models with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and exposure to glutamate receptor agonists (excitotoxins) are reviewed. For epilepsia, focus is on induction of seizures with effects on neuronal loss, axonal sprouting and neurogenesis. For Alzheimer's disease, the review centers on the use of beta-amyloid (Abeta) in different models, while the section on repair is focused on neurogenesis and cell migration. The culturing techniques, set-up of models, and analytical tools, including markers for neurodegeneration, like the fluorescent dye propidium iodide (PI), are reviewed and discussed. Comparisons are made between hippocampal slice cultures and other in vitro models using dispersed cell cultures, experimental in vivo models, and in some instances, clinical trials. New techniques including slice culturing of hippocampal tissue from transgenic mice as well as more mature brain tissue, and slice cultures coupled to microelectrode arrays (MEAs), on-line biosensor monitoring, and time-lapse fluorescence microscopy are also presented.
Image segmentation by fuzzy rule and Kohonen-constraint satisfaction fuzzy C-mean (2002)

We present a new algorithm that can segment fuzzy data. This method is based on fuzzy logic and neural network, and the concept of the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). Firstly, pre-processing by creating a new pixel value based on the fuzzy rule has the ability to describe the effect of the neighborhood pixel on the degree of membership value or linguistic variables which are utilized to activate a rule base. Secondly, the feature extraction employs Kohonen (1982) feature mapping (SOM), which can learn a feature without prior knowledge. Finally, a fuzzy C-mean (FCM) adapts to the CSP structure by constituting a interconnection weight for all membership values of the fuzzy c-mean with a global consistency situation. The result of this method have been tested on a variety of images.
Cystatin F is a cathepsin C-directed protease inhibitor regulated by proteolysis (2008)

Cystatins are a family of naturally occurring cysteine protease inhibitors, yet the target proteases and biological processes they regulate are poorly understood. Cystatin F is expressed selectively in immune cells and is the only cystatin to be synthesised as an inactive disulphide-linked dimeric precursor. Here, we show that a major target of cystatin F in different immune cell types is the aminopeptidase cathepsin C, which regulates the activation of effector serine proteases in T cells, natural killer cells, neutrophils and mast cells. Surprisingly, recombinant cystatin F was unable to inhibit cathepsin C in vitro even though overexpression of cystatin F suppressed cellular cathepsin C activity. We predicted, using structural models, that an N-terminal processing event would be necessary before cystatin F can engage cathepsin C and we show that the intracellular form of cystatin F indeed has a precise N-terminal truncation that creates a cathepsin C inhibitor. Thus, cystatin F is a latent protease inhibitor itself regulated by proteolysis in the endocytic pathway. By targeting cathepsin C, it may regulate diverse immune cell effector functions.
Sumatriptan succinate sublingual fast dissolving thin films: formulation and <i>in vitro</i>/<i>in vivo</i> evaluation (2015)

Sumatriptan succinate (SS) is a 5-HT1 receptor agonist used in the treatment of migraine having poor bioavailability (15%) due to its extensive first-pass effect. The aim of this work was to prepare SS sublingual fast dissolving thin films (SFDTFs) allowing the drug to directly enter the systemic circulation and bypassing the first-pass metabolism. Plain thin films were prepared using solvent casting technique adopting 2(3) × 3 factorial design to study the effect of polymer and plasticizer type and concentration on mechanical properties and in vitro disintegration time of the plain prepared films using Design-Expert®. Medicated films were prepared after addition of 35 mg SS to each of the two selected plain formulae (F6 and F7) having desirability values above 0.9 showing the values of: 0.038, 0.039 kgf/mm(2) and 156.24, 164.16% and 0.0248, 0.0240 kgf/mm(2) as tensile strength, percent elongation and elastic modulus, respectively. PVP K30 was efficient as crystallization inhibitor in retarding SS crystallization. Pharmacokinetic study of the optimum formula F7 (PVP K30:SS (1:1 w/w)) in healthy human volunteers using LC/MS/MS revealed a shorter tmax (0.25 h) compared to Imitrex® tablet 25 mg (2 h) which is considered promising especially for the rapid relief of acute migraine attacks.
Stem cells, signals and vertebrate body axis extension (2009)

The progressive generation of chick and mouse axial tissues - the spinal cord, skeleton and musculature of the body - has long been proposed to depend on the activity of multipotent stem cells. Here, we evaluate evidence for the existence and multipotency of axial stem cells. We show that although the data strongly support their existence, there is little definitive information about their multipotency or extent of contribution to the axis. We also review the location and molecular characteristics of these putative stem cells, along with their evolutionary conservation in vertebrates and the signalling mechanisms that regulate and arrest axis extension.
Concept Design of 15m class Light Weight Deployable Antenna Reflector for L-band SAR Application (2016)

In recent years, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has been researched and developed next generation SAR satellites. For the next generation SAR program, combination of a digital beam forming technique and a large reflector is required to satisfy the performance requests, wide swath and high resolution. For this purpose, 15 meter class L-band large deployable reflector concept design study was conducted. As a result, lighter reflector design concept is established. Deployment analysis and cable network equilibrium analysis by using flexible multi-body dynamics simulation software are conducted to confirm the design feasibility. In addition, assurance method of surface accuracy is studied. The error factors of the surface accuracy measurement due to gravity are identified and guidelines for accuracy assurance in manufacturing phase was obtained.
Lipoxygenase-2 isozyme is responsible for generation of n-hexanal in soybean homogenate (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLipoxygenase-2 isozyme is responsible for generation of n-hexanal in soybean homogenateTeruyoshi Matoba, Hiroshi Hidaka, Hiroshi Narita, Keisuke Kitamura, Norihiko Kaizuma, and Makoto KitoCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1985, 33, 5, 852–855Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00065a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00065a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views336Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Methods of Protein Separation (1976)

This open-end treatise on methods concerning pro tein separation had its beginning in an American Chemical Society symposium entitled "Con temporary Protein Separation Methods" which was held in Atlan