gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multifold Increases in Thermal Conductivity of Polymer Nanocomposites through Microwave Welding of Metal Nanowire Fillers (2015)

A 40-fold thermal conductivity increase in silver nanowire-filled polydimethylsiloxane composites is demonstrated by in situ microwave welding of nanowire fillers. Even for nanowire fractions ≤0.04, welding counteracts thermal transport bottlenecks associated with low polymer thermal conductivity and high polymer–filler interface thermal resistances. The microwave transparency of the polymer precludes thermal degradation, and the composites retain high compliance.
Lysis of Bacterial Cell Walls by an Enzyme Isolated from a Myxobacter (1965)

Ensign, J. C. (University of Illinois, Urbana), and R. S. Wolfe. Lysis of bacterial cell walls by an enzyme isolated from a myxobacter. J. Bacteriol. 90:395-402. 1965.-An exoenzyme which lyses intact cells, heat-killed cells, and cell walls of Arthrobacter crystallopoietes was purified 60-fold from the growth liquor obtained from a myxobacter (strain AL-1). The lytic enzyme was produced during growth of the organism in a number of complex media, the maximal amount of enzyme being produced in yeast extract broth. The purified enzyme lysed at different rates a number of gram-positive bacteria. With the exception of Rhodospirillum rubrum, Spirillum itersonii, and S. serpens, the gram-negative bacteria tested were not attacked.
Hierarchical multiscale hyperporous block copolymer membranes via tunable dual-phase separation (2015)

The rational design and realization of revolutionary porous structures have been long-standing challenges in membrane science. We demonstrate a new class of amphiphilic polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) block copolymer (BCP)-based porous membranes featuring hierarchical multiscale hyperporous structures. The introduction of surface energy-modifying agents and the control of major phase separation parameters (such as nonsolvent polarity and solvent drying time) enable tunable dual-phase separation of BCPs, eventually leading to macro/nanoscale porous structures and chemical functionalities far beyond those accessible with conventional approaches. Application of this BCP membrane to a lithium-ion battery separator affords exceptional improvement in electrochemical performance. The dual-phase separation-driven macro/nanopore construction strategy, owing to its simplicity and tunability, is expected to be readily applicable to a rich variety of membrane fields including molecular separation, water purification, and energy-related devices.
The PEN-Ivory Project: Exploring User-interface Design for the Selection of Items from Large Controlled Vocabularies of Medicine (1996)

Even simple design changes to a user interface can make dramatic differences in user performance. The authors discuss possible influences on performance, such as positional constancy, user uncertainty and system anticipation, that may contribute significantly to the effectiveness of systems that display menus of items from large controlled vocabularies of medicine.
Mobility and coalescence of stacking fault tetrahedra in Cu (2015)

Stacking fault tetrahedra (SFTs) are ubiquitous defects in face-centered cubic metals. They are produced during cold work plastic deformation, quenching experiments or under irradiation. From a dislocation point of view, the SFTs are comprised of a set of stair-rod dislocations at the (110) edges of a tetrahedron bounding triangular stacking faults. These defects are extremely stable, increasing their energetic stability as they grow in size. At the sizes visible within transmission electron microscope they appear nearly immobile. Contrary to common belief, we show in this report, using a combination of molecular dynamics and temperature accelerated dynamics, how small SFTs can diffuse by temporarily disrupting their structure through activated thermal events. More over, we demonstrate that the diffusivity of defective SFTs is several orders of magnitude higher than perfect SFTs, and can be even higher than isolated vacancies. Finally, we show how SFTs can coalesce, forming a larger defect in what is a new mechanism for the growth of these omnipresent defects.
Design of audio player based on EPG3231 and Flash Memory (2010)

A relatively simple way to use large-capacity NAND Flash memory in MCU system is presented.Compared with the general program,programmers should not master the specification of computer file system but follow the timing sequence of the NAND Flash’s reading,writing and erasing,as if the NAND Flash is NOR Flash or SRAM.So the physical address of memory was transparent to the programmer,only in the event of bad blocks that could be skipped.This method reduces the difficulty and cost on using the NAND Flash memory,and applies not only to EPG3231,but also can be extended to the general use of 8-bit MCU systems.
Enhanced thermoelectric figure of merit of CoSb3 via large-defect scattering (2004)

We have measured the structural, chemical, and transport properties of a series of CoSb3 skutterudite samples modified by fullerene additions of 0, 0.52, 3.28, 3.90, 4.77, and 6.54 mass%. Fullerene is a 60-atom carbon molecule that forms microsize clusters between the grain boundaries of CoSb3. We observed that the dominant scattering mechanism in the electrical transport changes from impurity scattering to grain-boundary scattering near a C60 content of ∼5–6 mass%, and that thermal conductivity decreases with increasing C60 content. A significant increase in the thermoelectric figure of merit is achieved for 6.54 mass% C60 compared to the pure CoSb3.
Direct sequencing of a disulfide-linked peptide with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (2015)

Dissociation of disulfide is normally mandatory prior to disulfide peptide sequencing via electrospray ionization collision induced dissociation mass spectrometry (ESI-CID-MS). Herein, a facile method for directly sequencing intact disulfide peptides was proposed. The basic principles involved were electrolyte-enhanced corona discharge in ESI and the following oxidative cleavage reaction.
From totipotent embryonic stem cells to spontaneously contracting smooth muscle cells: a retinoic acid and db‐cAMP in vitro differentiation model (1997)

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation is important in understanding vascular disease; however, no in vitro model is available. Totipotent mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells were used to establish such a model. To test whether the ES cell-derived smooth muscle cells expressed VSMC-specific properties, the differentiated cells were characterized by 1) morphological analysis, 2) gene expression, 3) immunostaining for VSMC-specific proteins, 4) expression of characteristic VSMC ion channels, and 5) formation of [Ca2+]i transients in response to VSMC-specific agonists. Treatment of embryonic stem cell-derived embryoid bodies with retinoic acid and dibutyryl-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (db-cAMP) induced differentiation of spontaneously contracting cell clusters in 67% of embryoid bodies compared with 10% of untreated controls. The highest differentiation rate was observed when retinoic acid and db-cAMP were applied to the embryoid bodies between days 7 and 11 in combination with frequent changes of culture medium. Other protocols with retinoic acid and db-cAMP, as well as single or combined treatment with VEGF, ECGF, bFGF, aFGF, fibronectin, matrigel, or hypoxia did not influence the differentiation rate. Single-cell RT-PCR and sequencing of the PCR products identified myosin heavy chain (MHC) splice variants distinguishing between gut and VSMC isoforms. RT-PCR with VSMC-specific MHC primers and immunostaining confirmed the presence of VSMC transcripts and MHC protein. Furthermore, VSMC expressing MHC had typical ion channels and responded to specific agonists with an increased [Ca2+]i. Here we present a retinoic acid + db-cAMP-inducible embryonic stem cell model of in vitro vasculogenesis. ES cell-derived cells expressing VSMC-specific MHC and functional VSMC properties may be a suitable system to study mechanisms of VSMC differentiation.
StubDroid (2016)

Smartphone users suffer from insufficient information on how commercial as well as malicious apps handle sensitive data stored on their phones. Automated taint analyses address this problem by allowing users to detect and investigate how applications access and handle this data. A current problem with virtually all those analysis approaches is, though, that they rely on explicit models of the Android runtime library. In most cases, the existence of those models is taken for granted, despite the fact that the models are hard to come by: Given the size and evolution speed of a modern smartphone operating system it is prohibitively expensive to derive models manually from code or documentation.
XM SKYFi (2003)

The Delphi XM SKYFi™ satellite radio is the first receiver and radio system of its kind, enabling users to navigate through XM's line-up of 101 digitally beamed channels. Introduced in October 2002, the system is the result of an aggressive nine month development effort between XM Satellite Radio, Smart Design, and Delphi Consumer Electronics. This paper discusses the design process, not in the traditional phase-by-phase sense, but in terms of the fundamental stages and focal points that guided how the project actually happened. Four fundamental stages - Approach, Vision, Solution, Realization - further defined by key focal points - Diverse-Minded Team, Innovate on Access, Primary Elements, and Details, Details - became the essence of the project, and resulted in substantial innovation for XM and its customers.
Circulation as consciousness (1986)

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Catalyst-free GaN nanorods grown by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy (2005)

Without a catalyst or template layer, GaN nanorods were successfully grown on c-sapphire substrates by RF-radical source metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy (RF-MOMBE). XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX and micro-PL were employed to characterize the structural and optical properties of GaN nanorods. The growth of GaN nanorods was uniformly observed across the substrate surface. These nanorods have an average diameter of 50 nm. and the rod number density can reach 1/spl times/10/sup 10/ cm/sup -2/ depending on the growth parameters. The clear lattice fringes in HRTEM image revealed the growth of high quality hexagonal single-crystal GaN nanorods and no droplet was observed at the end of the nanorods. Meanwhile, EDX analysis revealed that gallium and nitrogen as the only detectable elements. Room-temperature photoluminescence of GaN nonorods showed a band-edge-emission at the energy position of /spl sim/3.4 eV. The catalyst-free growth mechanism of GaN nanorods was discussed on the basis of experimental results in this work. These high-quality and high-density GaN nanorods might be useful for practical applications in nanoscale optoelectronic and electronic devices.
Transitioning unmanned ground vehicle research technologies (2005)

The Technology Transfer project employs a spiral development process to enhance the functionality and autonomy of mobile systems in the Joint Robotics Program (JRP) Robotic Systems Pool (RSP). The approach is to harvest prior and on-going developments that address the technology needs identified by emergent in-theatre requirements and users of the RSP. The component technologies are evaluated on a transition platform to identify the best features of the different approaches, which are then integrated and optimized to work in harmony in a complete solution. The result is an enabling mechanism that continuously capitalizes on state-of-the-art results from the research environment to create a standardized solution that can be easily transitioned to ongoing development programs. This paper focuses on particular research areas, specifically collision avoidance, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), and target-following, and describes the results of their combined integration and optimization over the past 12 months.
Effects of Variations in Neural Network Topology and Output Averaging on the Discrimination of Mental Tasks from Spontaneous Electroencephalogram (1997)

Article Effects of Variations in Neural Network Topology and Output Averaging on the Discrimination of Mental Tasks from Spontaneous Electroencephalogram was published on June 1, 1997 in the journal Journal of Intelligent Systems (volume 7, issue 1-2).
Formation of Spherical, Reconstituted High Density Lipoproteins Containing Both Apolipoproteins A-I and A-II Is Mediated by Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyltransferase (2000)

Previous studies have provided detailed information on the formation of spherical high density lipoproteins (HDL) containing apolipoprotein (apo) A-I but no apoA-II (A-I HDL) by an lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)-mediated process. In this study we have investigated the formation of spherical HDL containing both apoA-I and apoA-II (A-I/A-II HDL). Incubations were carried out containing discoidal A-I reconstituted HDL (rHDL), discoidal A-II rHDL, and low density lipoproteins in the absence or presence of LCAT. After the incubation, the rHDL were reisolated and subjected to immunoaffinity chromatography to determine whether A-I/A-II rHDL were formed. In the absence of LCAT, the majority of the rHDL remained as either A-I rHDL or A-II rHDL, with only a small amount of A-I/A-II rHDL present. By contrast, when LCAT was present, a substantial proportion of the reisolated rHDL were A-I/A-II rHDL. The identity of the particles was confirmed using apoA-I rocket electrophoresis. The formation of the A-I/A-II rHDL was influenced by the relative concentrations of the precursor discoidal A-I and A-II rHDL. The A-I/A-II rHDL included several populations of HDL-sized particles; the predominant population having a Stokes' diameter of 9.9 nm. The particles were spherical in shape and had an electrophoretic mobility slightly slower than that of the alpha-migrating HDL in human plasma. The apoA-I:apoA-II molar ratio of the A-I/A-II rHDL was 0.7:1. Their major lipid constituents were phospholipids, unesterified cholesterol, and cholesteryl esters. The results presented are consistent with LCAT promoting fusion of the A-I rHDL and A-II rHDL to form spherical A-I/A-II rHDL. We suggest that this process may be an important source of A-I/A-II HDL in human plasma.
Kinetics of Zinc Octoate/Nonylphenol Catalysed Thermal Cure of Bisphenol a Dicyanate (2001)

The kinetics of the Zinc octoate/nonylphenol catalysed thermal cure of bisphenol A dicyanate (BACY) was investigated using non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The kinetic parameters were estimated by the methods of Coats-Redfern (C-R) and Roger and Kissinger. The overall reaction conformed to first order kinetics. The calculated activation energy (E) and pre-exponential factor (A) depended on the analytical approach. However, the variation in activation energy was associated with a proportional change in A, rendering the overall rate constants nearly identical and independent of the analytical method for a given system. The presence of catalyst enhanced the rate constant. The apparent activation energies, normalised to a fixed A value, were practically identical for a given system, implying the existence of a kinetic compensation effect. The activation energy decreased with increasing catalyst concentration. The variation in activation energy with conversion for a given catalyst concentration was within the kinetic compensation limit for a given system. The activation parameters were used to predict the cure profile of the resin under given conditions of temperature and catalyst concentration.
Metrología de Masas y Balanzas (2011)

Las ocasiones de medir las tuvo el humano primitivo con las nociones de: cerca-lejos, rapido-lento, liviano-pesado, claro-oscuro, duro-suave, frio-caliente, silencio-ruido.
En el mudno industrializado son numerosos los aspectos de la vida que dependen de las mediciones.
Synthesis of<i>N</i>-[2-<i>O</i>-(2-Acetamido-1,5-anhydro-2,3-dideoxy-D-glucitol-3-yl)-<scp>d</scp>-lactoyl]-<scp>l</scp>-alanyl-<scp>d</scp>-isoglutamine (1-Deoxy-MDP) and Some of Its Lipophilic Analogs, and Their Immunoadjuvant Activities (1986)

Journal Article Synthesis of N-[2-O-(2-Acetamido-1,5-anhydro-2,3-dideoxy-D-glucitol-3-yl)-d-lactoyl]-l-alanyl-d-isoglutamine (1-Deoxy-MDP) and Some of Its Lipophilic Analogs, and Their Immunoadjuvant Activities Get access Akira Hasegawa, Akira Hasegawa Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu 501–11, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yuichi Hioki, Yuichi Hioki Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu 501–11, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Eiji Seki, Eiji Seki Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu 501–11, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Makoto Kiso, Makoto Kiso Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu 501–11, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ichiro Azuma Ichiro Azuma Institute of Immunological Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 50, Issue 7, 1 July 1986, Pages 1873–1878, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1986.10867643 Published: 01 July 1986 Article history Received: 07 February 1986 Published: 01 July 1986
Separation of Carrier-Free Holmium-166 from Neutron-Irradiated Dysprosium Targets (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSeparation of Carrier-Free Holmium-166 from Neutron-Irradiated Dysprosium TargetsEkaterina. Dadachova, Saed. Mirzadeh, Richard M. Lambrecht, Eric L. Hetherington, and F. F. KnappCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 23, 4272–4277Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00095a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00095a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views214Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New false color mapping for image fusion (1996)

A pixel based colour mapping algorithm is presented that produces a fused false colour rendering of two gray level images representing different sensor modalities. The result-ing fused false colour images have a higher information content than each of the original images and retain sensor-specific image information. The unique component of each image modality is enhanced in the resulting fused colour image representation. First, the common component of the two original input images is determined. Second, the common component is subtracted from the original images to obtain the unique component of each image. Third, the unique component of each image modality is subtracted from the image of the other modality. This step serves to enhance the representation of sensor specific details in the final fused result. Finally, a fused colour image is produced by displaying the images resulting from the last step through respec-tively the red and green channels of a colour display. The method is applied to fuse thermal and visual images. The results show that the colour mapping enhances the visibility of certain details and preserves the specificity of the sensor information. The fused images also have a fairly natural appearance. The fusion scheme involves only operations on corresponding pixels. The resolution of a fused image is therefore directly related to the resolution of the input images. Before fusing, the contrast of the images can be enhanced and their noise can be reduced by standard image processing techniques. The colour mapping algorithm is computational simple. This implies that the investi-gated approaches can eventually be applied in real time and that the hardware needed is not too complicated or too voluminous (an important consideration when it has to fit in an aeroplane for instance).
SAW reflection characteristics of Cu electrodes and their application to SAW IF devices (2003)

This paper describes the application of copper (Cu) electrodes to SAW devices employing metal grating reflectors. It is shown both theoretically and experimentally that the metal grating made of Cu electrodes on 128/spl deg/YX LiNbO/sub 3/ gives much larger reflectivity than that made of Al electrodes of the same thicknesses. As one of the applications of Cu electrodes to SAW IF devices, the directivity of Cu-SPUDT is shown experimentally to be 10 dB larger than that of Al-SPUDT. It is also discussed that optimally weighted grating reflectors can be designed by employing Cu electrodes. The result concludes that Cu electrodes on 128/spl deg/YX - LiNbO/sub 3/ could further enhance the performance of SAW IF devices employing metal grating reflectors.
Cytophilic antibodies in mice contact-sensitized with oxazolone. Immunochemical characterization and preferential binding to a trypsin-sensitive macrophage receptor. (1974)

Oxazolone-specific cytophilic antibodies in the sera of non-immune CBA mice and mice contact-sensitized with oxazolone, were studied with a rosette test employing peritoneal exudate macrophages and oxazolone-coupled sheep erythrocytes. Macrophage rosettes, produced by direct or indirect cytophilic antibodies, were found to depend on optimally hapten-coupled erythrocytes. Sera obtained 1 week after contact sensitization with oxazolone contained principally 7S IgG2a cytophilic antibodies. Monomeric 7S IgM antibodies cytophilic for macrophages may have been present as well. Primary contact sensitization and boosting was found uniquely to lead to high titres of hyperimmune oxazolone cytophilic antibodies predominantly binding to trypsin-sensitive macrophage receptors. It has been previously shown that specifically sensitized macrophages mediate a component of delayed skin reactions in mice contact sensitized with oxazolone. Since these reactions can be transferred by immune serum or by normal macrophages coated with immune serum, and since acquisition of this passive sensitization can be abolished by prior trypsinization of these cells, it is suggested that 7S IgG2a and/or 7S IgM cytophilic oxazolone antibodies attaching to trypsin-sensitive macrophage receptors, mediate the specific macrophage component of contact sensitivity in mice.