gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduction in gas exchange of citrus fruit by wax coatings (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction in gas exchange of citrus fruit by wax coatingsRobert D. Hagenmaier and Robert A. BakerCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1993, 41, 2, 283–287Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00026a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00026a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views745Altmetric-Citations108LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Speech recognition in a smart home: Some experiments for telemonitoring (2009)

Because of the aging of the population, low-cost solutions are required to help people with loss of autonomy staying at home rather than in public health centers. One solution is to assist human operators with smart information systems. In this case, position and physiologic sensors already give important information, but there are few studies about the utility of sound in patient's habitation. However, sound classification and speech recognition may greatly increase the versatility of such a system: this will be provided by detecting short sentences or words that could characterize a distress situation for the patient. Moreover, analysis and classification of sounds emitted in patient's habitation may be useful for patient's activity monitoring. In this paper, we present a global speech and sound recognition system that can be set-up in a flat. Eight microphones were placed in the health smart home of Grenoble (named HIS, a real living flat of 47m2) to automatically analyze and classify different sounds and speech utterances (e.g.: normal or distress French sentences). Sounds are clustered in eight classes but this aspect is not discussed in this paper. For speech signals, an input utterance is recognized and a subsequent process classifies it in normal or distress, by analysing the presence of distress keywords. An experimental protocol was defined and then this system has been evaluated in uncontrolled conditions in which heterogeneous speakers were asked to utter predetermined sentences in the HIS. The results of this experiment, where ten subjects were involved, are presented. The global error rate was 15.6%. Moreover, noise suppression techniques were incorporated in the speech and sound recognition system in order to suppress the noise emitted by known sources like TV or radio. An experimental protocol was defined and tested by four speakers in real conditions inside a room. Finally, we discuss the results of this experiment as a function of the noise source: speech or music.
Molecular milestones that signal axonal maturation and the commitment of human spinal cord precursor cells to the neuronal or glial phenotype in development (1991)

Insights into the programmatic induction of neuronal and glial genes during human embryogenesis have depended largely on extrapolations of data derived from experimental mammals. However, the assumptions upon which these extrapolations are based have not been rigorously tested. Indeed, practically no information is available even on the human counterparts of the relatively small subset of well-characterized, developmentally regulated neuron and glial specific genes of the mammalian CNS. Thus, the developmental programs upon which human neural embryogenesis are based remain largely undeciphered. We have addressed this problem in immunohistochemical studies conducted on 22 human fetal spinal cords with gestational ages (GAs) that ranged from 6 to 40 weeks by using monoclonal antibodies to several classes of neuron or glial specific polypeptides. These polypeptides included: representatives of four different types (Types I-IV) of intermediate filament proteins, i.e., vimentin filament protein (VFP), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), different phospho-isoforms of the high (NF-H), middle (NF-M), and low (NF-L) molecular weight (Mr) neurofilament (NF) subunits, both acidic and basic cytokeratin (CK) proteins; three different microtubule associated proteins (MAPs), i.e., MAP2, MAP5, and tau; two different synaptic or coated vesicle proteins, i.e., synaptophysin (SYP) and clathrin light chain B (LCb); an oligodendroglial specific protein, i.e., myelin basic protein (MBP); and a receptor for a CNS trophic factor, i.e., the nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
UV Erythema Reducing Capacity of Mizolastine Compared to Acetyl-salicylic Acid or both Combined in Comparison to Indomethacin†¶ (2001)

UV light exerts hazardous effects such as induction of skin cancer and premature skin aging. In this study we evaluated an assumptive anti-inflammatory effect of the nonsedative histamine H1-receptor antagonist, mizolastine, on UV-induced acute sunburn reaction. Therefore, a clinical, randomized, double-blind, four-arm, crossover study was conducted in healthy young female volunteers (skin type II) comparing the UV sensitivity under mizolastine, acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA), indomethacin or a mizolastine/ASA combination. Moreover, HaCaT keratinocytes were incubated with mizolastine under various UV treatment modalities in vitro to study its effect on the release of inflammatory cytokines, i.e. interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). All three drugs were effective in suppressing the UVB-, UVA- and combined UVA/UVB-erythema. However, the strongest effects were observed using the combined treatment with both 250 mg ASA and 10 mg mizolastine. An inhibitory effect in vitro of 10 nM mizolastine upon UV-induced cytokine release from HaCaT keratinocytes was observed for IL-1 alpha at 24 h after 10 J/cm2 UVA1, for IL-6 at 48 h after 10 J/cm2 UVA1 and 30 mJ/cm2 UVB, and also for TNF-alpha at 4 h after 10 J/cm2 UVA, 10 J/cm2 UVA1 and 30 mJ/cm2 UVB, respectively. The combination of mizolastine and ASA can be strongly recommended as a protective measure against UV erythema development with a lower unwanted side effect profile than that of the hitherto treatment modality, i.e. indomethacin.
Nonspecific hemolytic effector of activated macrophages as activation marker of allograft rejection (1992)

The aim was to assess a nonspecific hemolytic effector of activated monocytes/macrophages, designated spontaneous plaque-forming cell (SPFC), as an activation marker in allograft rejection. An in vitro study on the immunologic characteristics of SPFC monocytes in man and an in vivo study in Lewis rats as to the monitoring of SPFC generation of allograft infiltrating cells with or without immunosuppression were conducted. Hemolysis of SPFC was mediated by CR3 adhesion molecules, detected by Mo-1 and OKM10 monoclonal antibodies. Hemolysis of SPFC was nonspecific, and nonrosette-forming T cells with autologous erythrocytes (non-ARFC-T) acted as suppressor T cells inhibiting SPFC-hemolysis against autologous erythrocytes. A 6-day course of immunosuppression with a daily dose of cyclosporin A (CyA) 10 mg/kg and of FK506 1 mg/kg suppressed the SPFC generation to the level of syngeneic control. In contrast, peak SPFC generation coincided with rejection, and the degree of SPFC generation reflected the grade of histoincompatibility. The present findings suggested that SPFC-activated monocytes/macrophages may be one of the activation markers in allograft rejection and lead to a new concept of graft rejection and self or nonself discrimination mediated by nonspecific, hemolytic SPFC effectors and suppressor T cells inhibiting autoreactivity.
Minimum mean squared error equalization for discrete multi-tone modulation (2002)

Discrete multi-tone (DMT) modulation has found its applications in high data rate transmission through twisted-pair copper wire (such as, in Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Lines [ADSL]). The main drawback of the DMT design is the fact that the guard interval introduced to remove inter-symbol and inter-carrier interference has to be at least as long as the order of the channel impulse response. This limits the data rate as well as the distance over which DMT can be used. As an alternative to the currently popular time-domain equalizer, we investigate a MIMO FIR frequency domain equalizer optimized according to an MMSE criterion. Results show the tradeoff between computational complexity, achievable mean squared error and thus, data rate and signal delay.
Learning image similarities and categories from content analysis and relevance feedback (2000)

In this work, a scheme that learns image similarities and categories from relevance feedback is presented. First, we choose the most suitable features to describe images by content analysis and categorize each image by predicting its semantic meanings. During the retrieval process, users are allowed to confirm semantic classification of the query example and evaluate retrieval results with relevance feedback. By analyzing the feedback information, the system learns both image similarities and semantic meanings. In similarity learning, the retrieving results are refined by modifying the similarity metric. Semantic learning is performed by using the decision tree training algorithm.
Phenalenium‐Ionen, I 1‐Alkoxy‐ und 1.3‐Dialkoxy‐phenalenium‐Ionen und ihre Reaktionen (1970)

Abstract In 1‐Alkoxy‐phenalenium‐Ionen ( 2b , c ) verdrängen N‐ und C‐Nucleophile den Äthoxyl‐Rest unter Bildung der Derivate 9 ‐ 14 bzw. 17 ; tertiäre Amine vom Typ 20 werden dehydriert. Phenalenon ( 1 ) selbst kondensiert in saurem Medium mit schwach basischen N‐Nucleophilen. 1.3‐Dialkoxy‐phenalenium‐Ionen ( 5b , c ) reagieren stufenweise mit N‐ und C‐Nucleophilen zu den Derivaten 27 ‐ 30 bzw. 39 ‐ 43 , wobei z. T. neuartige Cyaninfarbstoffe vom Typ 35 entstehen.
trans splicing in Leishmania enriettii and identification of ribonucleoprotein complexes containing the spliced leader and U2 equivalent RNAs. (1988)

The 5' ends of Leishmania mRNAs contain an identical 35-nucleotide sequence termed the spliced leader (SL) or 5' mini-exon. The SL sequence is at the 5' end of an 85-nucleotide primary transcript that contains a consensus eucaryotic 5' intron-exon splice junction immediately 3' to the SL. The SL is added to protein-coding genes immediately 3' to a consensus eucaryotic 3' intron-exon splice junction. Our previous work demonstrated possible intermediates in discontinuous mRNA processing that contain the 50 nucleotides of the SL primary transcript 3' to the SL, the SL intron sequence (SLIS). These RNAs have a 5' terminus at the splice junction of the SL and the SLIS. We examined a Leishmania nuclear extract for these RNAs in ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles. Density centrifugation analysis showed that the SL RNA is predominantly in RNP complexes at 60S, while the SLIS-containing RNAs are in complexes at 40S. We also demonstrated that the SLIS can be released from polyadenylated RNA by incubation with a HeLa cell extract containing debranching enzymatic activity. These data suggested that Leishmania enriettii mRNAs are assembled by bimolecular or trans splicing as has been recently demonstrated for Trypanosoma brucei. Furthermore, we determined the partial sequence of the Leishmania U2 equivalent RNA and demonstrated that it cosediments with the SL RNA at 60S in a nuclear extract. These RNP particles may be analogous to so-called spliceosomes that have been demonstrated in other systems.
Purification, characterization, molecular cloning, and expression of two laccase genes from the white rot basidiomycete Trametes villosa (1996)

Two laccases have been purified to apparent electrophoretic homogeneity from the extracellular medium of a 2,5-xylidine-induced culture of the white rot basidiomycete Trametes villosa (Polyporus pinsitus or Coriolus pinsitus). These proteins are dimeric, consisting of two subunits of 63 kDa as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and have typical blue laccase spectral properties. Under nondenaturing conditions, the two purified laccases have different pIs; purified laccase forms 1 and 3 have pIs of 3.5 and 6 to 6.5, respectively. A third purified laccase form 2 has the same N terminus as that of laccase form 3, but its pI is in the range of 5 to 6. The laccases have optimal activity at pH 5 to 5.5 and pH < or = 2.7 with syringaldazine and ABTS [2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] as substrates, respectively. The genes lcc1 and lcc2 coding for the two purified laccases (forms 1 and 3) have been cloned, and their nucleotide sequences have been determined. The genes for lcc1 and lcc2 have 8 and 10 introns, respectively. The predicted proteins are 79% identical at the amino acid level. From Northern (RNA) blots containing total RNA from both induced and uninduced cultures, expression of lcc1 is highly induced, while the expression of lcc2 appears to be constitutive. Lcc1 has been expressed in Aspergillus oryzae, and the purified recombinant protein has the same pI, spectral properties, stability, and pH profiles as the purified native protein.
Monoclonal Antibody Combinations that Present Synergistic Neutralizing Activity: A Platform for Next-Generation Anti-Toxin Drugs (2015)

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) are among the fastest-growing therapeutics and are being developed for a broad range of indications, including the neutralization of toxins, bacteria and viruses. Nevertheless, MAbs potency is still relatively low when compared to conventional polyclonal Ab preparations. Moreover, the efficacy of an individual neutralizing MAb may significantly be hampered by the potential absence or modification of its target epitope in a mutant or subtype of the infectious agent. These limitations of individual neutralizing MAbs can be overcome by using oligoclonal combinations of several MAbs with different specificities to the target antigen. Studies conducted in our lab and by others show that such combined MAb preparation may present substantial synergy in its potency over the calculated additive potency of its individual MAb components. Moreover, oligoclonal preparation is expected to be better suited to compensating for reduced efficacy due to epitope variation. In this review, the synergistic neutralization properties of combined oligoclonal Ab preparations are described. The effect of Ab affinity, autologous Fc fraction, and targeting a critical number of epitopes, as well as the unexpected contribution of non-neutralizing clones to the synergistic neutralizing effect are presented and discussed.
Theoretical analysis and control of the modular multilevel cascade converter based on double-star chopper-cells (MMCC-DSCC) (2010)

This paper presents the modular multilevel cascade converter based on double-star chopper-cells (MMCC-DSCC), which is intended for installation on the 6.6-kV Japanese industrial and utility distribution systems without using line-frequency transformers. The converter is characterized by an arm structure based on the module consisting of cascade connection of multiple bidirectional PWM chopper-cells and floating dc capacitors per arm. This arm structure requires voltage-balancing control for all the chopper-cells. However, the voltage control combining averaging- with individual-balancing controls imposes certain limitations on operating conditions. This paper proposes an arm-balancing control to achieve voltage balancing in all the operating conditions. The validity of the arm-balancing control as well as the theory developed in this paper is confirmed by computer simulation.
Tilden Lecture. Applications of microwave dielectric heating effects to synthetic problems in chemistry (1991)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Remote Sensing Data to Detect Hessian Fly Infestation in Commercial Wheat Fields (2019)

Remote sensing data that are efficiently used in ecological research and management are seldom used to study insect pest infestations in agricultural ecosystems. Here, we used multispectral satellite and aircraft data to evaluate the relationship between normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) infestation in commercial winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) fields in Kansas, USA. We used visible and near-infrared data from each aerial platform to develop a series of NDVI maps for multiple fields for most of the winter wheat growing season. Hessian fly infestation in each field was surveyed in a uniform grid of multiple sampling points. For both satellite and aircraft data, NDVI decreased with increasing pest infestation. Despite the coarse resolution, NDVI from satellite data performed substantially better in explaining pest infestation in the fields than NDVI from high-resolution aircraft data. These results indicate that remote sensing data can be used to assess the areas of poor growth and health of wheat plants due to Hessian fly infestation. Our study suggests that remotely sensed data, including those from satellites orbiting >700 km from the surface of Earth, can offer valuable information on the occurrence and severity of pest infestations in agricultural areas.
Role of the Loop Containing Residue 115 in the Induced-Fit Mechanism of the Bacterial Cell Wall Biosynthetic Enzyme MurA (2000)

The induced-fit mechanism in Enterobacter cloacae MurA has been investigated by kinetic studies and X-ray crystallography. The antibiotic fosfomycin, an irreversible inhibitor of MurA, induced a structural change in UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDPGlcNAc)-liganded enzyme with a time dependence similar to that observed for the inactivation progress. The mechanism of action of fosfomycin on MurA appeared to be of the bimolecular type, the overall rate constants of inactivation and structural change being = 104 M(-1) s(-1) and = 85 M(-1) s(-1), respectively. Fosfomycin as well as the second MurA substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), are known to interact with the side chain of Cys115. Like wild-type MurA, the catalytically inactive single-site mutant protein Cys115Ser structurally interacted with UDPGlcNAc in a rapidly reversible reaction. However, in contrast to wild-type enzyme, binding of PEP to mutant protein induced a rate-limited, biphasic structural change. Fosfomycin did not affect the structure of the mutant protein. The crystal structure of unliganded Cys115Ser MurA at 1.9 A resolution revealed that the overall conformation of the loop comprising residues 112-121 is not influenced by the mutation. However, other than Cys115 in wild-type MurA, Ser115 exhibits two distinct side-chain conformations. A detailed view on the loop revealed the existence of an elaborate hydrogen-bonding network mainly supplied by water molecules, presumably stabilizing its conformation in the unliganded state. The comparison between the known crystal structures of MurA, together with the kinetic data obtained, suggest intermediate conformational states in the MurA reaction, in which the loop undergoes multiple structural changes upon ligand binding.
Bio-optoelectronical "tongue" for detection of pesticide contamination of water (2002)

The Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) interferometric technique is proposed for bio- and chemical sensor systems. The method is based on interferometric detection of phase shifts of the reflected light, caused by a change of the refractive index /spl Delta/n of the tested media under SPR conditions. The sensitivity threshold of the method to /spl Delta/n is estimated as 4/spl middot/10/sup -8/. The SPR-interferometer in conjunction with thin recognition films has been tested to detect the pesticide contamination of water. The SPR-interferometer combined with a multi-channel cell with various binding films was used to design an optoelectronic "tongue" for simultaneous multi- component analysis of liquids.
An Area-Efficient 65 nm Radiation-Hard Dual-Modular Flip-Flop to Avoid Multiple Cell Upsets (2011)

A layout structure to avoid upsets due to Multiple Cell Upsets (MCUs) is proposed for rad-hard dual-modular Flip-Flops (FFs) called BCDMR (Bistable Cross-coupled Dual-Modular Redundancy) by separating critical components. We have fabricated a 65 nm chip including 30 kbit dual-modular FF arrays on twin-well and triple-well structures. High-energy broad-spectrum neutron irradiations reveal that no soft error is observed up to 100 MHz in the twin-well, but some errors are observed in the triple well. The triple-well structure is sensitive to MCUs because the p-well potential can be easily elevated.
Porous Sprayed Sheets and Coatings (1967)

Abstract In the past few years, porous plastic films have been actively extended into a wide variety of uses, both in sheeting and in coatings. Some porous films, especially films of poly (vinyl chloride), have been used for quite some time in such specialized applications as battery separators. At present, the use of porous plastics in the apparel and footwear industries is of special importance. Large amounts of elastomers in sheet and film form, including coated textiles, are consumed by these industries. Nonporous products are not entireiy satisfactory for uses in which breathability or ability to transmit water vapor is required for comfort. Porous plastic materials in these areas not only improve the suitability and the functioning of plastic sheeting already used, but also replace some of the established materials used for apparel and footwear. It is not surprising, therefore, that a considerable activity is noticeable in this area, particularly in regard to processes for introducing porosity into polymeric films and coatings.
STT-MRAM-Based Strong PUF Architecture (2015)

Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are emerging cryptographic primitives used to implement low-cost device authentication and secure secret key generation. Weak PUFs (i.e., devices able to generate a single signature or to deal with a limited number of challenges) and Strong PUFs (i.e., devices able to deal with multiple challenges) are widely discussed in literature. The most investigated solutions today are based on CMOS devices. However, with the rapid development of low power, high density, high performance SoCs new technologies have emerged. One of the most promising choices to replace charge-based computing is the spin-based computing, due to its reduced read/write latency and high CMOS integration capability. In this paper, we propose an innovative PUF design based on Spin-Transfer-Torque-MRAM memory. We exploit the high variability affecting the electrical resistance of the Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) device and special configurations of the reference cells for the read operation. The reference cell array is configured in such a way to allow for normal memory operation, and, when required, allow for signature generation (PUF solution). Switching between memory and PUF is done by controlling the state of the referencing array. In this way, we can generate multiple challenges for the implementation of a Strong PUF solution. We demonstrate that the proposed solution is robust, unclonable and unpredictable.