gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-speed optical transmission technology using all-optical signal processing (2006)

This paper reviews recent progress on high-speed technologies for optical transmission systems in the IP and FTTH era. First, we describe our latest research results of 160 Gbit/s optical time-division multiplexing and demultiplexing experiments. The all-optical time-division multiplexer is realized as a hybrid integrated device consisting of planar lightwave circuits (PLC's) and highly-nonlinear periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides while the demultiplexer is realized as a hybrid integrated device consisting of PLC's and semiconductor optical amplifiers. A new type of all-optical switch that uses a photonic crystal nanocavity and an all-optical flip-flop circuit that is composed of two-port resonant-tunneling filters based on a two dimensional photonic crystal slab with triangular air-hole lattice are shown. Finally, the possibility of over 100 Gbit/s all-optical signal processing is discussed for high-speed optical transmission systems.
Deciphering TAL effectors for 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine recognition (2017)

DNA recognition by transcription activator-like effector (TALE) proteins is mediated by tandem repeats that specify nucleotides through repeat-variable diresidues. These repeat-variable diresidues form direct and sequence-specific contacts to DNA bases; hence, TALE-DNA interaction is sensitive to DNA chemical modifications. Here we conduct a thorough investigation, covering all theoretical repeat-variable diresidue combinations, for their recognition capabilities for 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, two important epigenetic markers in higher eukaryotes. We identify both specific and degenerate repeat-variable diresidues for 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. Utilizing these novel repeat-variable diresidues, we achieve methylation-dependent gene activation and genome editing in vivo; we also report base-resolution detection of 5hmC in an in vitro assay. Our work deciphers repeat-variable diresidues for 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, and provides tools for TALE-dependent epigenome recognition.Transcription activator-like effector proteins recognise specific DNA sequences via tandem repeats. Here the authors demonstrate TALEs can recognise the methylated bases 5mC and 5hmC, enabling them to detect epigenetic modifications.
Disrupting Circadian Homeostasis of Sympathetic Signaling Promotes Tumor Development in Mice (2010)

Tumor suppression in vivo is a clock-controlled physiological function. The central circadian clock paces extracellular mitogenic signals that drive peripheral clock-controlled expression of key cell cycle and tumor suppressor genes to generate a circadian rhythm in cell proliferation. Frequent disruption of circadian rhythm is an important tumor promoting factor.
Electrical conduction of selected refractories (2003)

The author details the laboratory testing of electrical conduction in selected refractories used in the construction of electrically boosted glass tank-furnaces. Fused-cast AZS (40% zirconia), a typical electrode block, does conduct to failure under appropriate conditions of temperature and voltage. Bonded AZS (28.5% zirconia) does conduct on a controlled basis. Sillimanite, bonded dense zircon, bonded AZS (21% zirconia), and high resistance fused-cast AZS do not conduct. The author recommends elimination of fused-cast AZS materials from tanks with bottom electrodes and the use of bonded AZS (21% zirconia) or bonded dense zircon in their place. The development of high-resistance fused-cast AZS refractory for the market place is strongly recommended.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Deep sparse rectifier neural networks for speech denoising (2016)

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely applied in speech recognition and enhancement. In this paper we present some experiments using deep rectifier neural networks for speech denoising. Rectified linear units (ReLUs) can make a sparse connection between hidden layers. We analyze the usage of regularization coefficient during training to encourage more sparseness. This method further improves the generalization ability of the DNN regression model in unseen noisy conditions. After pruning and retraining the sparse network, the computation and storage load can be largely reduced without degradation in performance, making it easier to deploy speech denoising DNNs on portable devices.
Synthese einiger Naphthocarbazole (1963)

Aus Carbazol bzw. 9-Methyl-carbazol und o-Toluylchlorid werden die Ketone Ia, Ib und II und aus diesen durch Pyrolyse nach ELBS die Naphthocarbazole IIIa, IVa und VI sowie ihre N-Methyl-Derivate IIIb und IVb erhalten. Das Naphtho-[2′.3′:3.4]-carbazol (IIIa) ist auch aus β-Anthramin und Phenylhydrazin zugänglich.
Sharing health-related data: a privacy test? (2016)

Greater sharing of potentially sensitive data raises important ethical, legal and social issues (ELSI), which risk hindering and even preventing useful data sharing if not properly addressed. One such important issue is respecting the privacy-related interests of individuals whose data are used in genomic research and clinical care. As part of the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH), we examined the ELSI status of health-related data that are typically considered 'sensitive' in international policy and data protection laws. We propose that 'tiered protection' of such data could be implemented in contexts such as that of the GA4GH Beacon Project to facilitate responsible data sharing. To this end, we discuss a Data Sharing Privacy Test developed to distinguish degrees of sensitivity within categories of data recognised as 'sensitive'. Based on this, we propose guidance for determining the level of protection when sharing genomic and health-related data for the Beacon Project and in other international data sharing initiatives.
Research on Cognitive Radio Model Based on Game Theory (2010)

Cognitive radio has already been a new technology hot-spot, many techniques application have been researched in cognitive radio. The Decision Maker of Cognitive Radio is one of the key issues. The limitation of Neel's CR model is studied. Neel's model can not solve multi-players, multi-action and multi NE problems. To prove the multi NE instance, two cases of game theory are explained.
In-line phase sensitive amplifier based on PPLN waveguides (2013)

We demonstrate a χ(2)-based in-line PSA with a carrier-recovery and phase-locking system for a phase shift keying (PSK) signal. By doubling the signal phase using a wavelength conversion technique, the carrier was recovered from a PSK signal. The carrier phase was synchronized to a local oscillator using optical injection locking. Phase sensitive amplification with a wide phase sensitive dynamic range of 20 dB was achieved using degenerate parametric amplification in a periodically poled LiNbO(3) (PPLN) waveguide. The phase regeneration effect was examined for a degraded signal by means of constellation analyses and bit-error rate measurements. The in-line PSA also operated successfully as a repeater amplifier in a 160 km fiber link without a power penalty. Finally, we demonstrate the regeneration of non-linear impairments induced by fiber non-linearity.
Predicting diafiltration solution compositions for final ultrafiltration/diafiltration steps of monoclonal antibodies (2011)

Many liquid formulations for monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) require the final ultrafiltration/diafiltration step to operate at high protein concentrations, often at or above 100 g/L. When operating under these conditions, the excipient concentrations and pH of the final diafiltered retentate are frequently not equal to the corresponding excipient concentrations and pH of the diafiltration buffer. A model based on the Poisson-Boltzmann equation combined with volume exclusion was extended to predict both pH and excipient concentrations in the retentate for a given diafiltration buffer. This model was successfully applied to identify the diafiltration buffer composition required to achieve the desired pre-formulated bulk drug substance (retentate) conditions. Predictions were in good agreement with the experimental results, and reduced the number of experimental iterations needed to define the diafiltration buffer composition. Additionally, the predictive model was applied in a sensitivity analysis across ranges of protein charge, protein concentration, and diafiltration buffer pH and excipient concentration. This sensitivity analysis can facilitate the design of experiments for robustness testing, and allow for generalized predictions across classes of molecules such as MAbs.
Modulation interference microscope (2003)

The memo in brief of a new type of optical microscopes is given. They make it possible to obtain the true geometric picture of an object with the best resolution up to 0.01λ.
Nectin-2 and DDX3 are biomarkers for metastasis and poor prognosis of squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinomas and adenocarcinoma of gallbladder. (2013)

The clinicopathological and biological characteristics of squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinoma (SC/ASC) of gallbladder have not been well documented because it is a rare subtype of gallbladder cancer. In this study, the protein expression of Nectin-2 and DDX3 in 46 SC/ASCs and 80 adenocarcinomas was measured using immunohistochemistry. We demonstrated that positive Nectin-2 and DDX3 expression was significantly associated with large tumor size, high TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis of SC/ASC and AC. Positive Nectin-2 and DDX3 expression was significantly associated with invasion and surgical curability of AC. Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that positive Nectin-2 and DDX3 expression, degree of differentiation, tumor size, TNM stage, invasion, lymph node metastasis, and surgical curability were significantly associated with post-operative survival in both SC/ASC and AC patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that positive Nectin-2 and DDX3 expression, degree of differentiation, tumor size, TNM stage, invasion, lymph node metastasis, and no surgical curability are independent poor-prognostic factors in both SC/ASC and AC patients. Our study suggested that positive Nectin-2 and DDx3 expression is closely correlated with clinical, pathological, and biological behaviors as well as poor-prognosis of gallbladder cancer.
Selectivity in the hydrogenation of 6- and 8-substituted-quinolines (1980)

Quinoline (1) and the 6- or 8-substituted-quinolines (2)–(14)(R = Me, Pri, But, Ph, OMe, OH, CF3, or F) were hydrogenated catalytically on platinum under either weakly basic (solvent McOH) or strongly acidic (solvent CF3CO2H) conditions. In methanol the only product was the corresponding 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-compound. In trifluoroacetic acid, compounds hydrogenated in the benzene ring were isolated as major products; both electronwithdrawing and electron-donating substituents at C-6 or C-8 cause (sometimes drastic) reduction in yield. The products were characterized by their 1H and 13C n.m.r. spectra.
Timestamp snooping (2000)

Symmetric muultiprocessor (SMP) servers provide superior performance for the commercial workloads that dominate the Internet. Our simulation results show that over one-third of cache misses by these applications result in cache-to-cache transfers, where the data is found in another processor's cache rather than in memory. SMPs are optimized for this case by using snooping protocols that broadcast address transactions to all processors. Conversely, directory-based shared-memory systems must indirectly locate the owner and sharers through a directory, resulting in larger average miss latencies.This paper proposes timestamp snooping, a technique that allows SMPs to i) utilize high-speed switched interconnection networks and ii) exploit physical locality by delivering address transactions to processors and memories without regard to order. Traditional snooping requires physical ordering of transactions. Timestamp snooping works by processing address transactions in a logical order. Logical time is maintained by adding a few bits per address transaction and having network switches perform a handshake to ensure on-time delivery. Processors and memories then reorder transactions based on their timestamps to establish a total order.We evaluate timestamp snooping with commercial workloads on a 16-processor SPARC system using the Simics full-system simulator. We simulate both an indirect (butterfly) and a direct (torus) network design. For OLTP, DSS, web serving, web searching, and one scientific application, timestamp snooping with the butterfly network runs 6-28% faster than directories, at a cost of 13-43% more link traffic. Similarly, with the torus network, timestamp snooping runs 6-29% faster for 17-37% more link traffic. Thus, timestamp snooping is worth considering when buying more interconnect bandwidth is easier than reducing interconnect latency.
Purification and Characterization of Serine Proteinases from<i>Euphausia superba</i> (1983)

Journal Article Purification and Characterization of Serine Proteinases from Euphausia superba Get access Koichi Kimoio, Koichi Kimoio Department of Nutrition, Tokyo Kasei University, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173, Japan To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Satoru Kusama, Satoru Kusama Institute of Applied Biochemistry, The University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kazuo Murakami Kazuo Murakami Institute of Applied Biochemistry, The University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 47, Issue 3, 1 March 1983, Pages 529–534, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1983.10865676 Published: 01 March 1983 Article history Received: 16 August 1982 Published: 01 March 1983
Metallization systems for stable ohmic contacts to GaAs (1985)

A metallization scheme to form reproducible and stable ohmic contacts to GaAs is described. The approach is based on the configuration: GaAs/X/Y/Z; where X is a thin metal film (e.g. Pt, Ti, Pd, Ru), Y is an electrically conducting diffusion barrier layer (TiN, W, or W(0.7)N(0.3), and Z is a thick metal layer (e.g. Ag) typically required for bonding or soldering purposes. The value and reproducibility of the contact resistance in these metallization systems results from the uniform steady-state solid-phase reaction of the metal X with GaAs. The stability of the contacts is achieved by the diffusion barrier layer Y, which not only confines the reaction of X with GaAs, but also prevents the top metal layer Z from interfering with this reaction. Applications of such contacts in fabricating stable solar cells are also discussed.
RAPID SCREENING OF BIOLOGICALLY MODIFIED VEGETABLE OILS FOR FUEL PERFORMANCE (1999)

A process for the rapid screening of alternative diesel fuel performance was applied to analogues ofgenetically modified vegetable oils and a mixture with no. 2 diesel fuel. The oils examined contained 60 to 80% of lowmolecular weight, short-chain, saturated triglycerides compared to the 1 to 2% found in traditional vegetable oils. Theseoils have relatively low viscosity that is predicted to enhance their performance as alternative diesel fuels. The screeningprocess utilizes an engine torque test sequence that accelerates the tendency of diesel fuels to coke fuel injectors, a keyindicator of fuel performance. The results of the tests were evaluated using a computer vision system for the rapidquantification of injector coking. The results of the screen were compared to those using no. 2 diesel fuel as a baseline.Coke deposition from the modified vegetable oil analogues was not found to be significantly different than deposition fromdiesel fuel. Suggestions are made to guide further modification of vegetable oil biosynthesis for the production ofalternative diesel fuel.
Structural Characterization of Products of Enzymatic Disproportionation of Lactose<sup>1</sup> (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural Characterization of Products of Enzymatic Disproportionation of Lactose1John H. Pazur, Carl L. Tipton, Tania Budovich, and Jean M. MarshCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 1, 119–121Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01534a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01534a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The chinese financial system at the Dawn of the 21st century: An Overview (2011)

Based on a systematic review and summarization of China�s 30 years of financial reform\nand development, this paper comprehensively analyzes the past, present and future development\nof China�s financial system and also presents the mechanism for China�s financial\ndevelopment from the view of political economics. Generally, the Chinese financial system\nis bank-oriented. The property rights structure, led by state-owned banks, is the prominent\nfeature of the Chinese banking system. Equity, bond, money, currency and real estate markets\nhave been developing rapidly; however, the development rate of these markets varies,\nand institutional construction generally falls behind the market development. China�s financial\ndecision-making authority belongs to the State Council, and the financial supervision\nsystem adopts the mode of �separate regulation.� China�s state-driven, progressive\nfinancial reforms have promoted the formation of the government-led financial structure,\nwhich is composed of three parts: first, monetary policy, balancing both inflation control\nand economic growth; second, bank credit expansion under the implicit guarantee of the\nstate; and third, the adjustable pegged exchange rate system based on capital controls.\nThe next phase of financial reform in China will mainly focus on the following four key\ngoals: first, to further improve the corporate governance and the mixed operation of financial\ninstitutions; second, to construct the institution of a financial market system and\nimprove the effectiveness of the financial markets; third, to re-integrate regulatory resources,\ncombine macro- and micro-prudent views, and establish a comprehensive framework for\nfinancial stability; fourth, to promote the liberalization of interest rates, marketization of\nthe exchange rate and the opening of capital accounts based on a progressive approach\nand to improve the openness of the financial system based on macroeconomic stability.
Automatic processing of full‐waveform sonic data (1991)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1991Automatic processing of full‐waveform sonic dataAuthors: J. L. MariP. GavinJ. L. MariInstitut Français du Pétrole, France and P. GavinInstitut Français du Pétrole, Francehttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1889101 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1889101FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1991ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1991 Pages: 1646 publication data© 1991 Copyright © 1991 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION J. L. Mari and P. Gavin, (1991), "Automatic processing of full‐waveform sonic data," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 136-139. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1889101 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Commensal bacilli inhibitory to mastitis pathogens isolated from the udder microbiota of healthy cows (2006)

Inhibitor-producing strains of commensal Bacillus species have been identified, which may have the potential for use as possible antimastitis probiotics.
Rendering the intersections of implicit surfaces (2003)

We present algorithms for rendering the intersection curves of implicit surfaces using octree-based recursive space subdivision techniques. Interval techniques used during the subdivision process increase the algorithms' robustness.
An evaluation of digital cellular handsets by hearing aid users (2005)

Audible interference from digital cellular telephones (cell phones) has been a long standing problem for hearing aid users. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has lifted the hearing aid compatibility exception on cell phones and imposed a set of requirements effective September 2005. We conducted an experiment to determine how well hearing aid wearers are able to use commercially available digital cell phones. Hearing aid users evaluated the usability of six digital cellular handsets. The results suggest that certain transmission technologies create more annoyance from interference than others and that the type of hearing aid-to-telephone coupling (microphone or telecoil) can influence a user's experience of interference. However, the results also suggest that interference alone does not fully predict the usability of a cell phone for hearing aid users. These findings have implications for the American National Standards Institute C63.19 test and measurement standard that is used to rate cell phones' compliance with the FCC ruling and the education of consumers with regard to their expectations for cell phone use.
Highly-stable monolithic femtosecond Yb-fiber laser system based on photonic crystal fibers (2010)

A self-starting, passively stabilized, monolithic all-polarization- maintaining femtosecond Yb-fiber master oscillator / power amplifier with very high operational and environmental stability is demonstrated. The system is based on the use of two different photonic crystal fibers. One is used in the oscillator cavity for dispersion balancing and nonlinear optical limiting, and another one is used for low-nonlinearity final pulse recompression. The chirped-pulse amplification and recompression of the 232-fs, 45-pJ/pulse oscillator output yields a final direct fiber-end delivery of 7.3-nJ energy pulses of around 297 fs duration. Our laser shows exceptional stability. No Q-switched modelocking events were detected during 4-days long observation. An average fluctuation of only 7.85 x 10(-4) over the mean output power was determined as a result of more than 6-hours long measurement. The laser is stable towards mechanical disturbances, and maintains stable modelocking in the temperature range of at least 10 - 40 (0)C.