gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
N-Substituted DL-Aspartic Acids and β-Methyl Esters (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN-Substituted DL-Aspartic Acids and β-Methyl EstersMarvin J. Karten, Ernest Magnien, Allan Schwinn, and Seymour L. ShapiroCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1966, 9, 3, 447–448Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00321a060RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views94Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (299 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Carbon dioxide elimination during circulatory arrest (1987)

To learn modes of CO2 elimination during cardiac arrest, we continuously measured end-tidal CO2 concentration (ETCO2) in acutely arrested dogs with constant ventilation. A decrease in peak ETCO2 during cardiac arrest in each dog showed a washout biexponential function when graphed on semilog paper. The average half-times of each compartment were 19.2 +/- 3.1 (SD) sec for the fast compartment and 108.1 +/- 23.8 sec for the slow compartment; the fast compartment of the CO2 elimination curve suggested that CO2 was eliminated from the functional residual capacity, while the slow compartment indicated CO2 elimination from the pulmonary capillary blood and tissue stores. Neither pretreatment with sodium bicarbonate (1 mEq/kg iv) nor a 5-min cardiorespiratory arrest altered the mode of CO2 elimination. The ETCO2 also reflected the potential effects of external cardiac compressions on pulmonary blood flow, as previously reported. Besides mixed venous blood CO2 flowing back to the lungs by cardiac compressions, it should be noted that both alveoli and pulmonary capillary blood CO2 are also reflected in the ETCO2 during the first minute of CPR.
Red luminescence in phosphorous-doped chemically vapor deposited diamond (1997)

Luminescence studies have been performed on phosphorous-doped diamond films deposited by hot-filament chemical vapor deposition. A broad luminescence band, centered around 1.9 eV is revealed, in the cathodo luminescence spectra of homoepitaxial and polycrystalline films, whereas the blue band-A luminescence, which is characteristic for undoped diamond, is quenched in the presence of phosphorus. The 1.9 eV luminescence band could not be excited by Ar+ laser light (2.54 eV) and did not show a zero-phonon line in the spectrum. Therefore, we suggest that this band is a red form of band-A luminescence, related to electron-hole recombination at substitutional phosphorous and a phosphorus-vacancy complex.
A Compact Pressure-Insulated Electrostatic X-Ray Generator (1939)

A compact, pressure-insulated, electrostatic x-ray generator has been developed for scientific and medical purposes. A major object of the work was the investigation, with a small and thus flexible machine, of the principles and design factors involved in pressure-insulated electrostatic generators with a view to the subsequent development of higher voltages in compact apparatus. The generator is housed in a steel tank 34 in. in diameter and 100 in. high. At air pressures of 11 atmospheres absolute, 1250-kv x-rays are obtained with target currents of over one milliampere supplied by the single 14-in. belt. With Freon gas the same voltages and currents can be obtained at one-third the pressure required with air. The problem of belt charge is analyzed and a method is described for controlling the electrostatic fields within the column in order to realize the high charge densities possible at high pressure. The construction of a supporting column of high breakdown strength, and other features of the design are described. At 1250 kv the x-ray intensity per milliampere of target current is about 340 roentgens per minute at 50 cm from the target in the direction of the electron beam with five mm of lead equivalent filtration.
Organizational back ups: reconfiguring technology in a telemediated environment (2003)

A case study of a telebanking information system located within a Portuguese bank is described and analysed. Our findings show that, while the system supports the operators' work practice in routine situations, it fails to do so when the work flow is disrupted. More specifically, the system proves to be durable so long as it is sustained by organizational backups (both formal and informal). The paper concludes with the implications of these findings for the theory and practice of information system design.
Zero-Venting, Regenerable, Lightweight Heat Rejection for EVA Suits (2005)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Future space exploration missions will require a lightweight spacesuit that expends no consumables. This paper describes the design and performance of a prototype heat rejection system that weighs less than current systems and vents zero water. The system uses regenerable LiCl/water absorption cooling. Absorption cooling boosts the heat absorbed from the crew member to a high temperature for rejection to space from a compact, non-venting radiator. The system is regenerated by heating to 100°C for two hours. The system provides refrigeration at 17°C and rejects heat at temperatures greater than 50°C. The overall cooling capacity is over 100 W-hr/kg.</div>
Preparation and characterization of nanostructured nickel oxide thin films by spray pyrolysis (2012)

Transparent crystalline nanostructured nickel oxide (NiO) thin films were prepared using a simple spray pyrolysis technique from hydrated nickel chloride salt solution (NiCl2·6H2O) onto glass and silicon (n-type) substrates at different temperatures (280, 320, 360, and 400 °C) and with different solution concentrations (0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1 M). Structural and morphological properties of the grown NiO films were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscope. Optical properties and chemical analysis of the films were characterized by UV–visible absorption spectra and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The XRD result showed that the deposited film has an amorphous structure when deposited at temperature of Ts = 280 °C and concentration of 0.025 M. At higher temperatures (Ts = 320, 360, 400 °C) and solution concentrations (0.05, 0.075, 0.1 M), the deposited films have cubic polycrystalline structure formed with preferred orientation along (111) plane. The band gap of NiO film increases from 3.4 to 3.8 eV as the molarity decreased from 0.1 to 0.05 M.
Hybrid HMM and HCRF model for sequence classification (2012)

Abstract. We propose a hybrid model combining a generative model and a discriminative model for signal labelling and classification tasks, aiming at taking the best from each world. The idea is to focus the learning of the discriminative model on most likely state sequences as output by the generative model. This allows taking advantage of the usual increased accuracy of generative models on small training datasets and of discriminative models on large training datasets. We instantiate this framework with Hidden Markov Models and Hidden Conditional Random Fields. We validate our model on financial time series and on handwriting data. 1
Polarisation insensitive, 25 dB gain semiconductorlaser amplifier without antireflection coatings (1996)

An angled facet strained MQW semiconductor laser amplifier with integrated mode expanders has been designed and fabricated. A device without antireflection coatings had <0.5 dB gain ripple and 0.5 dB polarisation sensitivity at 25 dB gain.
Angiotensin II Activates Collagen I Gene Through a Mechanism Involving the MAP/ER Kinase Pathway (2000)

Vascular remodeling and rearrangement of the extracellular matrix formation are among the major adaptive mechanisms to chronic increase in blood pressure. In previous studies we have found that angiotensin II (Ang II) participates in the hypertension-associated aortic and renal vascular fibrosis by stimulating collagen type I formation. The purpose of the present study was to gain insight into the molecular events that lead from the Ang II receptor to collagen I gene activation. To this end, we used a novel strain of transgenic mice harboring the luciferase gene under the control of the collagen I-alpha(2) chain promoter [procolalpha(2)(I)]. Ang II produced an early (1 hour) 2- to 3-fold stimulation of procolalpha(2)(I) activity in freshly isolated aortas and renal cortical slices (P:<0. 01) followed by similar increase in procolalpha(2)(I) mRNA aortic levels. This effect of Ang II was inhibited by AT1-receptor antagonism (candesartan) and blockade of the MAPK/ERK cascade (PD98059); in contrast, inhibition of the P38 kinase pathway (SB202190) and blockade of the release of the transcription factor NFkappaB (PDTC) did not have any effect in the Ang II-induced activation of the collagen I gene. In addition, Ang II induced a rapid (5 minutes) increase of the MAPK/ERK activity that was accompanied by increased expression (3-fold) of the c-fos proto-oncogene. This increase of c-fos mRNA expression was blocked by PD98059; in addition, curcumin, a blocker of the transcriptional factor AP-1, canceled the effect of Ang II on the collagen I gene. Decorin, a scavenger of the active form of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), canceled the Ang II effect on collagen I gene, whereas inhibition of the MAPK/ERK pathway had no effect on the TGF-beta-induced activation of procolalpha(2)(I). These data indicate that the cellular events after AT1 receptor stimulation and leading to activation of collagen I gene expression require activation of both the MAPK/ERK and TGF-beta signaling pathways.
Simulation of Spaceborne Stereo Radar Imagery: Experimental Results (1983)

Computer simulation of radar imagery was used to investigate spaceborne stereo radar. The major conclusions reached are that stereo pairs representing different angles of incidence with the same look-direction appear best and that the angles of incidence and stereo intersection angle be matched to the slope and relief of terrain. A parametric tradeoff analysis was performed for eleven different angles of incidence over three different model areas. The eleven angles spanned the range from small-to large-incidence angles. The three model areas were selected as typical of relatively flat, moderately rough, and mountainous terrain. The stereo pair judged best for each model area are included.
Hot Pressed, Fiber-Reinforced (Li<sub>2</sub>S)<sub>70</sub>(P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub>)<sub>30</sub> Solid-State Electrolyte Separators for Li Metal Batteries (2019)

Herein, we detail a hot pressing process that was used to fabricate dense, aramid-fiber-reinforced (Li2S)70(P2S5)30 glass–ceramic solid-state electrolyte (SSE) composites. Green SSE composites were hot pressed at 240 °C and 200 MPa so that the softened sulfide glass flowed around the rigid aramid fibers. The SSE composite with 10 wt % aramid fiber loading had a relative density of 99.8% and an ionic conductivity of 2.4 mS/cm. The composites were mechanically robust and flexible and showed no signs of macrocracking even after uniaxial compression to 3 MPa. Furthermore, the fabrication of freestanding films with 100 μm thickness was demonstrated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the improved strength of the SSE composites was attributable to aramid fibers impeding the propagation of microcracks in the sulfide glass phase. Critical current density tests were performed on green and hot pressed SSE composite separators. A green sample shorted at 200 μA/cm2, a green sample made with preannealed SSE powder shorted at 400 μA/cm2, and a hot pressed sample shorted at 400 μA/cm2. Failure of green samples was attributable to interparticle deposition of Li deposits, while failure of hot pressed samples was attributable to the deposition of Li through microcracks.
Nearest neighbor pattern classification perceptrons (1990)

A three-layer perceptron that uses the nearest-neighbor pattern classification rule is presented. This neural network is of interest because it is designed specifically for the set of training patterns, and incorporating of the training of the network into the design eliminates the need for the use of training algorithms. The technique therefore provides an alternative to the limitations and unpredictability (such as having too many, too few, or inappropriate training patterns) of the known training techniques. Since the nearest-neighbor classification rule is used, the network is capable of forming arbitrarily complex decision regions. The design and training of the network can be completed in polynomial time, whereas it has been shown that training a neural network is an NP-complete problem.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Interleukin 12p40 is required for dendritic cell migration and T cell priming after <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> infection (2006)

Migration of dendritic cells (DCs) to the draining lymph node (DLN) is required for the activation of naive T cells. We show here that migration of DCs from the lung to the DLN after Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) exposure is defective in mice lacking interleukin (IL)-12p40. This defect compromises the ability of IL-12p40-deficient DCs to activate naive T cells in vivo; however, DCs that express IL-12p40 alone can activate naive T cells. Treatment of IL-12p40-deficient DCs with IL-12p40 homodimer (IL-12(p40)(2)) restores Mtb-induced DC migration and the ability of IL-12p40-deficient DCs to activate naive T cells. These data define a novel and fundamental role for IL-12p40 in the pathogen-induced activation of pulmonary DCs.
Video forgery detection using correlation of noise residue (2008)

We propose a new approach for locating forged regions in a video using correlation of noise residue. In our method, block-level correlation values of noise residual are extracted as a feature for classification. We model the distribution of correlation of temporal noise residue in a forged video as a Gaussian mixture model (GMM). We propose a two-step scheme to estimate the model parameters. Consequently, a Bayesian classifier is used to find the optimal threshold value based on the estimated parameters. Two video inpainting schemes are used to simulate two different types of forgery processes for performance evaluation. Simulation results show that our method achieves promising accuracy in video forgery detection.
The pH-Dependent Formation of PEGylated Bovine Lactoferrin by Branched Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) Active Esters (2009)

PEGylation is an established method for improving the pharmacokinetic properties and pharmacodynamic effects of therapeutic proteins. Amino conjugation by N-hydroxysuccinimide activated polyethylene glycol (PEG-NHS) represents the most common modification of the target proteins. In this study, we compared the reaction velocities of pH-dependent preparations of bovine lactoferrin modified with branched PEG-NHS conducted at pH 7.4 to pH 9.0. PEGylation reaction rates were dependent on pH value, but not on PEG molecular mass. At pH 7.4, reactions advanced gradually and reached steady state by 2 h, whereas at pH 9.0, reactions advanced very quickly and reached steady state within 10 min. Hydrolysis half-life of PEG-NHS exceeded 120 min at pH 7.4, but was below 9 min at pH 9.0. Thus, the pH value is one of the most important factors to obtain the optimal condition for PEGylation by NHS esters.
Parameter estimation for performance models of distributed application systems (1995)

The performance engineering of distributed applications requires models that capture contention for both hardware and software resources. Layered queueing models have been proposed for modeling distributed applications but they require model parameters that can be difficult to measure directly. In particular, measures of resource demand must be found for each of the services provided by application processes.We consider two approaches for collecting the resource demands of services. The first is a measurement-based approach where resource consumption is specifically allocated to each service. The second makes use of performance measures available from operating systems and distributed application performance monitors but employs statistical techniques to estimate the resource demands of each of the services. This paper discusses the trade-off between these two approaches and presents results from the statistical analysis.
High yield monoglycerides preparation from glycidol and carboxylic acids (1985)

Abstract In the present work we examined the reaction conditions that maximize the yield in monoglycerides (>90%) of 2,3‐epoxy‐1‐propanol (glycidol) reaction with carboxylic acids. Mono‐ and dicarboxylic acids of different chemical structures are used in this study. It was found that the reaction rate depends upon the temperature, the molar excess of glycidol, the structure and the length of the carbon chain of carboxylic acids. Further, the reaction is positively affected by the use of tetraethylammoniumiodide as catalyst. A technique is proposed to improve the glycidol method which appears to be very efficient for the continuous production of monoglycerides in high yields.
<i>N</i>,<i>N‘</i>-Ethylenedi-<scp>l</scp>-cysteine (EC) and Its Metal Complexes:  Synthesis, Characterization, Crystal Structures, and Equilibrium Constants (1996)

N,N'-ethylenedi-L-cysteine (EC) and its indium(III) and gallium(III) complexes have been synthesized and characterized. The crystal structures of the ligand and the complexes have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. EC.2HBr.2H(2)O (C(8)H(22)Br(2)N(2)O(6)S(2)) crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2 with a = 12.776(3) Å, b = 13.735(2) Å, c = 5.1340 (10) Å, Z = 2, and V = 900.9(3) Å(3). The complexes Na[M(III)EC].2H(2)O (C(8)H(16)MN(2)O(6)S(2)Na) are isostructural for M = In and Ga, crystallizing in the tetragonal space group P4(2)2(1)2 with the following lattice constants for In, (Ga): a = 10.068(2) Å, (9.802(2) Å), b = 10.068(2) Å, (9.802(2) Å), c = 14.932(2) Å, (15.170(11) Å), Z = 4 (4), and V = 1513.6(5) Å(3), (1457.5(11) Å(3)). In both metal complexes, the metal atoms (In and Ga) are coordinated by six donor atoms (N(2)S(2)O(2)) in distorted octahedral coordination geometries in which two sulfur atoms and two nitrogen atoms occupy the equatorial positions, and the axial positions are occupied by two oxygen atoms of two carboxylate groups. The structures of the complexes previously predicted by molecular mechanics are compared with the crystal structures of the Ga(III) and In(III) complexes obtained experimentally. In contrast to the oxygen donors in phenolate-containing ligands, such as 1,2-ethylenebis((o-hydroxyphenyl)glycine) (EHPG) and N,N'-bis(o-hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid (HBED), the thiolate donors of EC enhances affinity for In(III) relative to Ga(III). The following stability sequence has been obtained: In(III) > Ga(III) >> Ni(II) > Zn(II) > Cd(II) > Pb(II) > Co(II). Evidence was also obtained for several protonated and hydroxo species of the complexes of both divalent and trivalent metals, where the corresponding protonation constants (K(MHL)) decrease with increasing stability of the chelate, ML(n)(-)(4), where M(n)()(+) represent the metal ion.
Modafinil Elicits Sympathomedullary Activation (2005)

The autonomic effects of modafinil (Provigil), a psychostimulant widely used to attenuate fatigue and promote wakefulness, are currently unexplored. We assessed the effect of modafinil on autonomic nervous system. We compared oral modafinil (400 mgx1) versus placebo in 12 healthy hospitalized normal subjects in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study for 3 days each with subjects in 150 mEq sodium, 70 mEq potassium balance at the Vanderbilt General Clinical Research Center. Modafinil increased resting heart rate (9.2+/-2.0 bpm; mean [+/-SE]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.7 to 13.6; P=0.001), resting systolic blood pressure (7.3+/-3.2 mm Hg; 95% CI, 0.2 to 14.4; P=0.044), and resting diastolic blood pressure (5.3+/-1.7 mm Hg; 95% CI, 1.4 to 9.1 mm Hg; P<0.012). Modafinil elicited a 42% higher orthostatic increase in plasma norepinephrine (0.8+/-0.3 nmol/L; 95% CI, 0.2 to 1.3; P=0.01), and caused a 33% increase in urine norepinephrine (5.1+/-1.1 nmol/L creatinine per day; 95% CI, 2.7 to 7.4, P=0.001), and an 81% increase in urine epinephrine (1.3+/-0.2 nmol/L creatinine per day; 95% CI, 1 to 2; P<0.001). The peroneal microneurographic sympathetic activity was attenuated by modafinil during orthostatic tilt (P<0.001). alpha1-Adrenoreceptor function was maintained. Modafinil substantially perturbs autonomic cardiovascular regulation by increase in heart rate and blood pressure. Autonomic changes of this magnitude encourage caution in use of modafinil in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Experimental Delayed Postischemic Spinal Cord Hypoperfusion After Aortic Cross-clamping (1995)

The study demonstrated a period of delayed postischemic hypoperfusion in the white and gray matter of Th and Lu cord segments lasting 6 h after XC. The phenomenon may play an important role in the ultimate fate of neural elements with borderline viability after ischemic injury.
Fluorous Boc (<sup>F</sup>Boc) Carbamates:  New Amine Protecting Groups for Use in Fluorous Synthesis (2001)

The first fluorous variants of the Boc (tert-butyloxycarbonyl) group have been prepared and tested for their suitability as nitrogen protecting groups. A group with two fluorous chains and an ethylene spacer, (RfCH2CH2)2(CH3)COC(O)-, was readily attached to a representative amine but was difficult to cleave. In contrast, groups with two fluorous chains and a propylene spacer, (RfCH2CH2CH2)2(CH3)COC(O)-, or one fluorous chain and an ethylene spacer, (RfCH2CH2)(CH3)2COC(O)-, were readily formed and cleaved. The fluorous alcohol component of the (F)Boc group can be removed by evaporation and can be recovered and reused. The utility of the new (F)Boc group (C8F17CH2CH2)(CH3)2COC(O)- was demonstrated in 16 and 96 compound library synthesis exercises. Separations can be achieved either by manual, parallel fluorous solid-phase extraction, or automated, serial fluorous chromatography. The results provide additional confirmation of the value of "light" fluorous synthesis techniques, and the new fluorous Boc groups expand the applicability of fluorous synthesis techniques to many classes of nitrogen-containing organic compounds.
Data Quality (2015)

Data quantity and data quality, like two sides of a coin, are equally important to data management. This paper provides an overview of recent advances in the study of data quality, from theory to practice. We also address challenges introduced by big data to data quality management.