gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combining Corpus-Based Features for Selecting Best Natural Language Sentences (2011)

Automated paraphrasing of natural language text has many interesting applications from aiding in better translations to generating better and more appropriate style language. In this paper, we are concerned with the problem of picking the best English sentence out of a set of machine generated paraphrase sentences, each designed to express the same content as a human generated original. We present a system of scoring sentences based on examples in large corpora. Specifically, we use the Microsoft Web N-Gram service and the text of the Brown Corpus to extract features from all candidate sentences and compare them against each other. We consider three feature combination methods: A handcrafted decision tree, linear regression and linear powerset regression. We find that while each method has particular strengths, the linear power set regression performs best against our human-evaluated test data.
AwareDAV (2005)

WebDAV needs awareness support in order to be a full-fledged collaboration system, This paper introduces AwareDAV, a new WebDAV extension framework enabling shared awareness through event notification. By extending the WebDAV protocol with seven new request-methods and an extensible XML based event subscription scheme, AwareDAV supports fine grained event subscriptions over a range of transport mechanisms and enables a wide range of collaboration scenarios. This paper describes the design of AwareDAV, its API, experiences with its initial implementation, as well as a comparison with Microsoft Exchange and WebDAV-notify.
Evaluation of a Novel Electrochemical Detection Method for Chlamydia trachomatis : Application for Point-of-Care Diagnostics (2010)

Atlas Genetics has developed a point-of-care device for Chlamydia trachomatis utilizing a novel electrochemical detection principle. The assay has a time-to-result of less than 25 min. An independent preclinical validation study using 306 pretyped clinical samples determined a clinical sensitivity of 98.1% and specificity of 98.0%.
Effect of stress and dopant redistribution on trench-isolated narrow devices (2000)

One of the challenges of scaling Shallow Trench Isolation (STI) is controlling the Vt and Idsat of narrow devices. In this paper, we show that Idsat of narrow devices is strongly affected by changes in mobility due to stress from the trench edge. We also show that Vt and leakage of narrow devices is controlled by dopant re-distribution in the channel caused by TED and boron segregation to the trench sidewalls.
Natural Interferon Alfa for Treatment of Condylomata Acuminata (1988)

The activity of natural (leukocyte) interferon alfa in the treatment of condylomata acuminata was assessed in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Interferon alfa (Alferon N Injection) or placebo was injected into lesions twice weekly for up to eight weeks. Eighty-six patients were given interferon alfa, and 72 were given placebo. Eighty-six percent of interferon alfa-treated patients and 89% of placebo-treated patients had received previous therapy for condylomata acuminata. Side effects, usually flulike symptoms, occurred briefly after the injections; if present, they disappeared before the end of the third week of therapy. Treatment completely eliminated warts in 62% of interferon alfa-treated patients compared with only 21% of placebo-treated patients. Natural interferon alfa given intralesionally is an effective and safe treatment even in patients with recurrent or recalcitrant genital warts.
Highly Transparent and Flexible Nanopaper Transistors (2013)

Renewable and clean "green" electronics based on paper substrates is an emerging field with intensifying research and commercial interests, as the technology combines the unique properties of flexibility, cost efficiency, recyclability, and renewability with the lightweight nature of paper. Because of its excellent optical transmittance and low surface roughness, nanopaper can host many types of electronics that are not possible on regular paper. However, there can be tremendous challenges with integrating devices on nanopaper due to its shape stability during processing. Here we demonstrate for the first time that flexible organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with high transparency can be fabricated on tailored nanopapers. Useful electrical characteristics and an excellent mechanical flexibility were observed. It is believed that the large binding energy between polymer dielectric and cellulose nanopaper, and the effective stress release from the fibrous substrate promote these beneficial properties. Only a 10% decrease in mobility was observed when the nanopaper transistors were bent and folded. The nanopaper transistor also showed excellent optical transmittance up to 83.5%. The device configuration can transform many semiconductor materials for use in flexible green electronics.
Assembly of Multilayer Films from Polyelectrolytes Containing Weak and Strong Acid Moieties (2005)

Multilayer films were assembled from a copolymer containing both weakly and strongly charged pendant groups, poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) (PSSMA), deposited in alternation with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH). The strongly charged groups (styrene sulfonate, SS) are expected to form electrostatic linkages (to enhance film stability), while the weakly charged groups (maleic acid, MA) can alter multilayer film properties because they are responsive to external pH changes. In this study, we varied several assembly conditions such as pH, SS/MA ratio in PSSMA, and the ionic strength of the polyelectrolyte solutions. The multilayer films were also treated by immersion into pH 2 and 11 solutions after assembly. Quartz crystal microgravimetry and UV-visible spectrophotometry showed that the thickness of PSSMA/PAH multilayers decreases with increasing assembly pH regardless of whether salt was present in the polyelectrolyte solutions. When no salt was added, the multilayers are thinner, smoother, and grow less regularly. Atomic force microscopy images indicate that the presence of salt in polyelectrolyte solutions results in rougher surface morphologies, and this effect is especially significant in multilayers assembled at pH 2 and pH 11. When both polyelectrolytes are adsorbed at conditions where they are highly charged, salt was necessary to promote regular multilayer growth. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies show that the carboxylic acids in the multilayers are essentially ionized when assembled from different pHs in 0.5 M sodium chloride solutions, whereas some carboxylic acids remain protonated in the multilayers assembled from solutions with no added salt. This resulted in different pH stability regimes when the multilayers were exposed to different pH solutions, post assembly.
Not so private lives: National findings on the relationships and well-being of same-sex attracted Australians(version 1.1). (2010)

Not So Private Lives was a national survey involving 2032 same-sex attracted Australians, aged 18-82, living in metropolitan and rural Australia. Findings relate to gender and age-cohort differences for awareness of same-sex attractions, preferred timing of disclosure of one’s sexuality in everyday encounters, personal preferences for relationship recognition (marriage vs. civil unions), perceptions of how others value one’s same-sex relationship relative to heterosexual relationships, numbers living with and planning on having children, the role of mainstream acceptance when first taking into account support from similar others, and psychological well-being (including comparative data based on a random sample from the Australian general population and a US national lesbian, gay and bisexual sample).
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐Hydroxytetrazole‐5‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives. (1988)

Abstract The title compound (IV), prepared from the hydroximoyl chloride (I) via its azide (III), is transformed into the derivatives (V), (VIII), (X), and (XI) as shown in the reaction scheme.
Salmonella Typhimurium induces SPI-1 and SPI-2 regulated and strain dependent downregulation of MHC II expression on porcine alveolar macrophages (2012)

Foodborne salmonellosis is one of the most important bacterial zoonotic diseases worldwide. Salmonella Typhimurium is the serovar most frequently isolated from persistently infected slaughter pigs in Europe. Circumvention of the host's immune system by Salmonella might contribute to persistent infection of pigs. In the present study, we found that Salmonella Typhimurium strain 112910a specifically downregulated MHC II, but not MHC I, expression on porcine alveolar macrophages in a Salmonella pathogenicity island (SPI)-1 and SPI-2 dependent way. Salmonella induced downregulation of MHC II expression and intracellular proliferation of Salmonella in macrophages were significantly impaired after opsonization with Salmonella specific antibodies prior to inoculation. Furthermore, the capacity to downregulate MHC II expression on macrophages differed significantly among Salmonella strains, independently of strain specific differences in invasion capacity, Salmonella induced cytotoxicity and altered macrophage activation status. The fact that strain specific differences in MHC II downregulation did not correlate with the extent of in vitro SPI-1 or SPI-2 gene expression indicates that other factors are involved in MHC II downregulation as well. Since Salmonella strain dependent interference with the pig's immune response through downregulation of MHC II expression might indicate that certain Salmonella strains are more likely to escape serological detection, our findings are of major interest for Salmonella monitoring programs primarily based on serology.
Screening for Barrett's esophagus by balloon cytology. (1995)

This technique with a commercially available balloon catheter does not allow for a nonendoscopic diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus.
Extracting Answers To Natural Language Questions From Large-Scale Corpus (2006)

This paper provides a novel and tractable method for extracting exact textual answers from the returned documents that are retrieved by traditional IR system in large-scale collection of texts. In our approach, WordNet and Web information are employed to improve the performance as external auxiliary resources, then some NLP technologies are used to constitute the empirical answer ranking formula, such as POS tagging, Named Entity recognition, and parser etc. The method involves automatically ranking passages with System Similarity Model, automatically downloading related Web pages by means of Web crawler, and automatically mining answers with empirical formula from candidate answer sets. The series of experimental results show that the overall performance of our system is good and the structure of the system is reasonable.
Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications, Volume II (1996)

Volume I: GPS Fundamentals Introduction and Heritage and History of NAVSTAR, the Global Positioning System Overview of the GPS Operation and Design GPS Signal Structure and Theoretical Performance GPS Navigation Data Satellite Constellation and Geometric Dilution of Precision GPS Satellite and Payload Fundamentals of Signal Tracking Theory GPS Receivers GPS Navigation Algorithms GPS Operational Control Segment GPS Performance and Error Effects GPS Error Analysis Ionospheric Effects on GPS Tropospheric Effects on GPS Multipath Effects Foliage Attenuation for Land Mobile Users Ephermeris and Clock Navigation Message Accuracy Selective Availability Introduction to Relativistic Effects on the Global Position System Joint Program Office Test Results Interference Effects and Mitigation Techniques
More robust face recognition by considering occlusion information (2008)

This paper addresses one of the main challenges of face recognition (FR): facial occlusions. Currently, the human brain is the most robust known FR approach towards partially occluded faces. Nevertheless, it is still not clear if humans recognize faces using a holistic or a component-based strategy, or even a combination of both. In this paper, three different approaches based on principal component analysis (PCA) are analyzed. The first one, a holistic approach, is the well-known eigenface approach. The second one, a component-based method, is a variation of the eigenfeatures approach, and finally, the third one, a near-holistic method, is an extension of the lophoscopic principal component analysis (LPCA). So the main contributions of this paper are: The three different strategies are compared and analyzed for identifying partially occluded faces and furthermore it explores how a priori knowledge about present occlusions can be used to improve the recognition performance.
Performance and characterization of a nanophased porous hydroxyapatite for protein chromatography (2004)

Nanophased porous hydroxyapatite beads with particle diameters of 25 microm and 30 microm intended for use in protein and biomolecule separation are characterized with respect to chromatographic characteristics. These particles were produced from a hydroxyapatite gel by a controlled spray process yielding microspheres containing hydroxyapatite nanocrystals. By calcification of the microspheres, nanophased porous hydroxyapatite beads were obtained. As a reference material, ceramic hydroxyapatite Types I and II with a particle diameter of 40 microm was chosen. SEM pictures show that the surface of the nanophased hydroxyapatite is very rough compared to ceramic hydroxyapatite Types I and Type II. The calcium-to-phosphorous ratio of this nanophased hydroxyapatite is 1.6, which is slightly below the theoretical ratio of 1.67 of pure hydroxyapatite. The porosity is greater than 60%. An IgG binding capacity of 60.7 mg/ml for Bio-Rad Type I and 36.0 mg/ml for Type II, 42.0 mg/ml for the nanophased material with 25 microm and 19.7 mg/ml for the nanophased material with 30 microm were observed. The nanophased material with 30 microm had the lowest mass transfer resistancy as indicated by the dependency of the dynamic binding capacity on velocity. It is assumed that the mass transport properties are characterized by a low particle diffusion resistancy or by slight intraparticle convection. The material also showed high selectivity for IgG. When culture supernatant with 5% FCS containing 3 mg/ml was loaded, pure IgG could be eluted by linear gradient with increasing sodium phosphate concentration. This nanophased material comprises a novel stationary phase for IgG separation.
Potential High-Throughput Assay for Screening Inhibitors of West Nile Virus Replication (2003)

Prevention and treatment of infection by West Nile virus (WNV) and other flaviviruses are public health priorities. We describe a reporting cell line that can be used for high-throughput screening of inhibitors against all targets involved in WNV replication. Dual reporter genes, encoding Renilla luciferase (Rluc) and neomycin phosphotransferase (Neo), were engineered into a WNV subgenomic replicon, resulting in Rluc/NeoRep. Geneticin selection of BHK-21 cells transfected with Rluc/NeoRep yielded a stable cell line that contains persistently replicating replicons. Incubation of the reporting cells with known WNV inhibitors decreased Rluc activity, as well as the replicon RNA level. The efficacies of the inhibitors, as measured by the depression of Rluc activity in the reporting cells, are comparable to those derived from authentic viral infection assays. Therefore, the WNV reporting cell line can be used as a high-throughput assay for anti-WNV drug discovery. A similar approach should be applicable to development of genetics-based antiviral assays for other flaviviruses.
Cu<sub>x</sub>S/Cd<sub>y</sub>Zn<sub>1-y</sub>S and Cu<sub>x</sub>S/Cd<sub>y</sub>Zn<sub>1-y</sub>S, CdS thin film solar cells using chemically sprayed films (1981)

Studies the effects of adding Zn to CdS films and solar cells. It was observed that the film surface structures were quite similar to CdS films although the electronic properties showed a marked difference as the film resistivity increased considerably with increasing Zn concentration. Measurements on uniformly doped CuxS/CdyZn1-yS solar cells showed no significant improvements in the photovoltaic response for concentrations up to 10% of Zn. Similar measurements on a CuxS/Cd0.9Zn0.1S, CdS solar cell, however, showed a significant increase in the open-circuit voltage, suggesting that the high series resistance in Zn-added films could be a cause for the observed low photovoltage.
A combined total variation and bilateral filter approach for image robust super resolution (2015)

In this paper, we consider the image super-resolution (SR) reconstitution problem. The main goal consists of obtaining a high-resolution (HR) image from a set of low-resolution (LR) ones. For that, we propose a novel approach based on a regularized criterion. The criterion is composed of the classical generalized total variation (TV) but adding a bilateral filter (BTV) regularizer. The main goal of our approach consists of the derivation and the use of an efficient combined deblurring and denoising stage that is applied on the high-resolution image. We demonstrate the existence of minimizers of the combined variational problem in the bounded variation space, and we propose a minimization algorithm. The numerical results obtained by our approach are compared with the classical robust super-resolution (RSR) algorithm and the SR with TV regularization. They confirm that the proposed combined approach allows to overcome efficiently the blurring effect while removing the noise.
A proposed beam-addressable memory (1967)

The feasibility of optical beam-operated magnetic storage systems is assessed. Recent advances in laser technology and in transparent magnetic materials are described along with methods for writing and reading information. In the writing process, thermomagnetic recording on thin films is considered and the writing speed and resolution is calculated, illustrating the large performance improvement obtainable compared with existing magnetic recording techniques. The progress in materials, beyond the previously used metals, has developed towards more transparent magnetic media while retaining large intrinsic magneto-optical rotation. Consequently, large signal-to-noise ratios are obtained which relax the material uniformity requirements. The properties of ferrites, garnets, and rare-earth compounds are compared with metals to illustrate this advance. At the present time, technical problems exist with a light beam in achieving random access to a large field. This limitation is alleviated, however, in certain types of memories where the access requirements combine sequential and random motions. As an example, a prototype memory is discussed for a computer input-output system having certain performance advantages. In this memory, sequential access is achieved with a rotating mirror and random access by means of a digital light-deflector.
Insulin, Not Leptin, Promotes In Vitro Cell Migration to Heal Monolayer Wounds in Human Corneal Epithelium (2004)

Exposure of corneal epithelium to insulin facilitated closure of in vitro small wounds through enhanced cell migration instead of proliferation, which depended on ERK 1/2 and PI3-kinase signaling. These data suggest a mechanism by which insulin may influence corneal wound healing in vitro. In vivo, disruptions to the insulin signaling pathway observed in diseases such as diabetes might account for the delayed wound healing and corneal defects.
Squeezing the Sandwich: A Mobile Pressure-Sensitive Two-Sided Multi-Touch Prototype (2009)

Two-sided pressure input is common in everyday interactions such as grabbing, sliding, twisting, and turning an object held between thumb and index finger. We describe and demonstrate a research prototype which allows for twosided multitouch sensing with continuous pressure input at interactive rates and we explore early ideas of interaction techniques that become possible with this setup. The advantage of a two-sided pressure interaction is that it enables high degree-of-freedom input locally. Hence rather complex, yet natural interactions can be designed using little finger motion and device space. ACM Classification: H.5.2 [Information Interfaces and Presentation]: User Interfaces – input devices and strategies, interaction styles.
A Digitized Replica Bitline Delay Technique for Random-Variation-Tolerant Timing Generation of SRAM Sense Amplifiers (2011)

A digitized replica bitline delay technique has been proposed for random-variation-tolerant timing generation of static random access memory (SRAM) sense amplifiers (SA). The timing variation of SA attributable to the random variation of transistor threshold voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> ) is reduced by a sufficient count of replica cells, and replica bitline delay is digitized and multiplied to adjust it to the target timing for SA. The variation of the generated timing was 41% smaller than that with a conventional technique and cycle time was reduced 20% at the supply voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> ) of 0.6 V in 40 nm CMOS technology with this scheme.
Delta-Sigma Data Converters (1996)

This comprehensive guide offers a detailed treatment of the analysis, design, simulation and testing of the full range of today's leading delta-sigma data converters. Written by professionals experienced in all practical aspects of delta-sigma modulator design, Delta-Sigma Data Converters provides comprehensive coverage of low and high-order single-bit, bandpass, continuous-time, multi-stage modulators as well as advanced topics, including idle-channel tones, stability, decimation and interpolation filter design, and simulation
Planare Komplexe von unsymmetrisch substituierten Alkyl- und Aryl-α.β-diondioximen mit den Ionen Nickel(II), Palladium(II) und Platin(II) / Planar Complexes of Unsymmetrically Substituted Alkyl and Aryl-1,2-dionedioximes with the Ions Nickel(II), Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) (1979)

Abstract A series of new planar bis(α,β-dionedioximato) metal(II) complexes of the ions Ni(II), Pd(II), Pt(II)using unsymmetrically substituted glyoximes as ligands are reported. Typical ligands being unsymmetrically substituted benzildioximes, phenylglyoxime or butan-1,2-dionedioxime.The solid state properties and in some cases the X-ray data suggest, that most of the isolated complexes crystallize in columnar stacks. Compared with the known symmetrical derivatives the solubility of the isolated neutral compounds in organic solvents like ethanol, chloroform or 1,2-dichlorobenzene is highly increased. Most of the compounds can therefore be obtained in good crystalline form. The good solubility is an advantage in the efforts to extend the polarizable ligand system of the complexes.