gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
La danza y el baile en España en tiempos de Cervantes (2017)

espanolEn la ultima mitad del siglo XVI y a principios del XVII, la danza y el baile estuvieron muy presentes en la sociedad, no solo fueron patentes en la Corte y en el pueblo sino que ademas sirvieron de complemento a otras artes, como paso en el teatro. Por ello es de gran importancia la transmision de la danza historica como parte esencial de la sociedad y tambien de la historia del teatro. La danza ha estado presente, de una forma u otra, en todas las epocas de la historia y ademas es insertada en las representaciones teatrales. En la Corte, la danza fue herramienta de relacion social y en el pueblo, los villanos bailaban como expresion de jubilo ante diversos acontecimientos en sus fiestas populares y religiosas. Evidentemente la danza y el baile no eran sinonimos sino que cada cual pertenecia a un estamento, danza para los cortesanos, baile para el pueblo. Lo que bailo el pueblo y se inserto en la escena ha llegado de primera mano gracias a las diversas obras escritas por dramaturgos espanoles, como se puede observar en las obras de Miguel de Cervantes. La seguidilla fue el baile popular espanol por excelencia de la epoca cervantina, asi mismo fue uno de los mas reflejados en la escena. No seria dificil para Cervantes integrar en sus obras seguidillas, incluso otros bailes, sus numerosos viajes desde Madrid a Andalucia, cuando fuera comisario de provisiones de la Armada Invencible, le permitiria observarlos de primera mano. EnglishIn the second half of the 16th century and at the beginning of the 17th century, dance and dancing were quite present in society. They were not only present in the Court and the village, but they also served as a supplement to other arts, such as theatre; hence the great importance of the transmission of historical dance, as an essential part of society and of the history of theatre as well. One way or another, dance has been present in all periods of history and is also inserted in theatre performances. At the Court, dance was a tool of social relationship, and in the village, peasants used to dance as an expression of joy for various events during their popular and religious celebrations. Obviously, dance and dancing were not synonyms. Each one of them pertained to a stratum: dance pertained to courtiers and dancing to the village. What the people danced and was inserted in the scene is directly known to us thanks to the various plays written by Spanish dramatists, such as those of Miguel de Cervantes. The Seguidilla was the quintessential Spanish popular dance in the time of Cervantes. Likewise, it was one of the most featured dances in the scene. It would not be difficult for Cervantes to integrate Seguidillas and even other dances in his plays. His many journeys from Madrid to Andalusia allowed him to observe them directly, when he served as a commissioner of supplies in the Spanish Armada.
Nondestructive characterization of dislocations and micropipes in high-resistivity 6H–SiC wafers by deep-level photoluminescence mapping (2005)

We demonstrated the effectiveness of deep-level photoluminescence (PL) mapping for nondestructive detection of dislocations and micropipes in high-resistivity 6H–SiC wafers. PL spectra of the wafers at room temperature were dominated by a broad band with a peak at 1.3eV, which was traceable to the Si vacancy-related V1, V2, and V3 lines at 4.2K. The intensity-mapping pattern agreed closely with the etch-pit pattern both on a wafer scale and on a microscopic scale. Large dark spots with one or two bright cores, small dark spots, and dark lines corresponded to micropipes, threading screw dislocations, and edge dislocations forming small angle grain boundaries, respectively. The intensity reduction around dislocations and micropipes was attributed to a decrease of the radiative centers for the 1.3eV band, which occurred as a result either of the interaction between vacancies and dislocations or of the gettering effect of vacancy-related defects.
Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Synergistically Increase Expression of Human Endothelial Adhesion Molecules through Activation of NF-κB and p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways (2001)

One of the recognized associations of bacterial infection with cardiovascular events is the activation of endothelium and upregulation of adhesion molecules. The two major proinflammatory mediators implicated in the causation of cardiovascular events, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), were found to cooperate to enhance the adhesive properties of endothelial cells. These caused synergistic upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells as determined by flow cytometry analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. This synergism was not due to TNF causing an upregulation of CD14 expression. Treatment with both LPS and TNF resulted in a marked increase in the translocation of NF-kappaB into the nucleus. The activity of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase was also synergistically enhanced, while the activity of c-jun N-terminal kinase was increased in an additive manner. The results demonstrate that LPS and TNF act synergistically to upregulate the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules, possibly by amplification of signaling pathways upstream of transcription. These findings have implications for the understanding of the acceleration of atherosclerotic events seen in low-grade infections with gram-negative organisms.
Settler Colonialism and Cultural Studies (2016)

In this editorial, we consider what is at work in a turn toward analyzing settler colonialism, and what this turn makes available in cultural studies and discussions of cultural production. Recent theorizations of settler colonialism reveal how cultural productions remain complicit with ongoing settlement, both in everyday practices and intellectual projects like queer studies, feminist studies, and critical race studies. This special issue considers the political stakes of the complicity of cultural studies in settler colonialism, Indigenous erasure, and anti-Blackness, and expands, revises, and repurposes the scope of the field’s inquiry, politics, and archive.
A novel colorectal cancer risk locus at 4q32.2 identified from an international genome-wide association study (2014)

Only a fraction of colorectal cancer heritability is explained by known risk-conferring genetic variation. This study was designed to identify novel risk alleles in Europeans. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of colorectal cancer in participants from a population-based case-control study in Israel (n = 1616 cases, 1329 controls) and a consortium study from the Colon Cancer Family Registry (n = 1977 cases, 999 controls). We used a two-stage (discovery-replication) GWAS design, followed by a joint meta-analysis. A combined analysis identified a novel susceptibility locus that reached genome-wide significance on chromosome 4q32.2 [rs35509282, risk allele = A (minor allele frequency = 0.09); odds ratio (OR) per risk allele = 1.53; P value = 8.2 × 10(-9); nearest gene = FSTL5]. The direction of the association was consistent across studies. In addition, we confirmed that 14 of 29 previously identified susceptibility variants were significantly associated with risk of colorectal cancer in this study. Genetic variation on chromosome 4q32.2 is significantly associated with risk of colorectal cancer in Ashkenazi Jews and Europeans in this study.
Therapeutic approaches to drug targets in atherosclerosis (2013)

Non-communicable diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis and diabetes are responsible for major social and health burden as millions of people are dying every year. Out of which, atherosclerosis is the leading cause of deaths worldwide. The lipid abnormality is one of the major modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis. Both genetic and environmental components are associated with the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Immune and inflammatory mediators have a complex role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Understanding of all these processes will help to invent a range of new biomarkers and novel treatment modalities targeting various cellular events in acute and chronic inflammation that are accountable for atherosclerosis. Several biochemical pathways, receptors and enzymes are involved in the development of atherosclerosis that would be possible targets for improving strategies for disease diagnosis and management. Earlier anti-inflammatory or lipid-lowering treatments could be useful for alleviating morbidity and mortality of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. However, novel drug targets like endoglin receptor, PPARα, squalene synthase, thyroid hormone analogues, scavenger receptor and thyroid hormone analogues are more powerful to control the process of atherosclerosis. Therefore, the review briefly focuses on different novel targets that act at the starting stage of the plaque form to the thrombus formation in the atherosclerosis.
Adsorption of CO<sub>2</sub>-Containing Gas Mixtures over Amine-Bearing Pore-Expanded MCM-41 Silica: Application for Gas Purification (2009)

Adsorption of CO2 on triamine-grafted pore-expanded mesoporous silica, TRI-PE-MCM-41, was investigated from very low pressure to 1 bar at four temperatures (298, 308, 318, 328 K) using gravimetric measurements. TRI-PE-MCM-41 exhibited one of the highest equilibrium capacities compared to other typical CO2 adsorbents such as zeolites, activated carbons, and metal−organic frameworks (MOFs). In contrast, under the same pressure and temperature conditions, TRI-PE-MCM-41 exhibited very small uptakes of N2, CH4, H2, and O2. Column-breakthrough measurements of CO2 in mixtures with other species showed exceedingly high selectivity of CO2 over N2, CH4, H2, and O2 even at very low CO2 concentrations, indicating that TRI-PE-MCM-41 is suitable adsorbent for gas purification applications. Moreover, water vapor was found to have a beneficial effect on CO2 adsorption capacity even at very low CO2 partial pressure, e.g. 400 ppm, without adverse effect on CO2 selectivity.
3,5′-Bis(dicarboxymethylaminomethyl)-4,4′-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene as a selective spectrofluorimetric reagent for cadmium (1969)

3,5′-Bis(dicarboxymethylaminomethyl)-4,4′-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene forms fluorescent complexes with aluminium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, zinc, cadmium, yttrium, lanthanum, gadolinium and lutetium. All the metal complexes have a metal-to-ligand stoicheiometry of 2:1. Magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium exhibit maximal fluorescence at pH 10·9, with excitation-fluorescence maxima at 360 and 440 nm. Zinc, cadmium, yttrium, lanthanum, gadolinium and lutetium show maximal fluorescence at pH 7·9, with excitation-fluorescence maxima at 360 and 440 nm, and 360 and 430 nm for yttrium and the lanthanons. Aluminium and beryllium show maximal fluorescence at pH 5·2 and 6·4, respectively, with excitation-fluorescence maxima at 345 and 410 nm and 360 and 405 nm, respectively. The formation of the cadmium complex provides a sensitive and selective determination of cadmium in the range 0·5 to 25·0 µg. A simple separation procedure is described in which 3,5′-bis-(dicarboxymethylaminomethyl)-4,4′-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene can be used for the determination of cadmium in the presence of most other metals except lead.
Microwave moisture measurement of grains (1992)

A two-parameter transmission technique is described for online, in situ measurement of the bulk moisture content of grains using microwaves. This noncontacting 4.9-GHz system is configured so that a well-collimated TEM beam is transmitted through a layer of grain, e.g., moving on a conveyer or flowing in a chute. The changes in attenuation and phase serve as two independent measurement parameters from which the wet and dry basis weights (grams per square centimeter) and moisture can be found using a linear model, independent of the layer thickness. If the layer thickness is also known, the wet and dry densities (grams per cubic centimeter) and complex dielectric constant can be found.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Some Derivatives of 2,4-O-Ethylidene-D-erythrose and Erythritol<sup>1</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Derivatives of 2,4-O-Ethylidene-D-erythrose and Erythritol1I. Ziderman and E. DimantCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 1, 223–226Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01339a049https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01339a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views83Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intracellular K+ Suppresses the Activation of Apoptosis in Lymphocytes (1997)

Little is known about the mechanisms of suppression of apoptosis. We have addressed the novel possibility that the level of intracellular K+ regulates the apoptotic process by controlling the activity of death enzymes. We show that K+, at normal intracellular levels, inhibits both apoptotic DNA fragmentation and caspase-3(CPP32)-like protease activation, suggesting that intracellular K+ loss must occur early during apoptosis. Direct measurement of K+ by inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry and flow cytometry indicates a major decrease in intracellular K+ concentration in the apoptotic cell. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that caspase and nuclease activity were restricted to the subpopulation of cells with reduced K+. Disruption of the natural K+ electrochemical gradient suppressed the activity of both caspase and nuclease independent of the mode of activation of the apoptotic inducing agent, demonstrating that a decrease in intracellular K+ concentration is a necessary, early event in programmed cell death.
“丝绸之路”与欧亚一体化——两大战略项目相结合的前景 (2015)

“丝绸之路”是中国提出的一个重大项目，亚洲基础设施投资银行是配合该项目实施的一个重要金融机构。俄罗斯政府加入了亚投行，也愿意在欧亚区域与中国的丝绸之路项目进行合作与对接。但在俄罗斯学界，存在着不同的看法，有的观点认为俄罗斯能从中获益，也有的观点认为俄罗斯会被边缘化，特别是俄罗斯的远东地区。把“丝绸之路”项目与欧亚经济联盟结合起来，具有非常重要的意义和现实性，不仅会带动中亚的经济和社会发展，也会推动俄罗斯西西伯利亚和东西伯利亚地区的发展。
Reversible Resistance Switching Behaviors of Pt/NiO/Pt Structures (2007)

We report on studies of the resistance switching behaviors of Pt/NiO/Pt structures, whose 60-nm-thick NiO thin films were formed by the thermal oxidation of Ni films. X-ray diffraction studies showed that a single-phase NiO film was obtained and that its lattice constant was very close to that of the bulk. Current–voltage characteristics exhibited reproducible resistance switching under a unipolar bias voltage. The switching voltage and current for the thermally grown NiO thin films did not show large variation in the oxidation temperature range, 350–550 °C.
Guidance on the assessment of the safety of feed additives for the environment (2019)

This guidance document is intended to assist the applicant in the preparation and the presentation of an application, as foreseen in Article 7.6 of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003, for the authorisation of additives used in animal nutrition. It specifically covers the assessment of the safety for the environment. [Table: see text].
Reducing power consumption in memory ECC checkers (2005)

A method is proposed for reducing power consumption in memory ECC checker circuitry that provides SEC-DED. The degrees of freedom in selecting the parity check matrix are used to minimize power with little or no impact on area and delay. The power minimization method is applied to two popular SEC-DED codes: standard Hamming codes and odd-column-weight Hsiao codes. Experiments on actual memory traces of Spec and MediaBench benchmarks indicate that considering power in addition to area and delay when selecting the parity check matrix can result in power reductions of up to 27% for Hsiao codes and up to 41% for Hamming codes.
Principle, Benefits and Applications of Variable Bit Rate Coding for Digital Video Broadcasting (1999)

This paper studies the principle and benefits of variable bit rate coding of MPEG-2 video compression. The study starts from the fundamental difference of rate control algorithms for constant bit rate (CBR) coding and variable bit rate (VBR) coding. Comparison test results from the real-time video encoder and decoder operation using a PAQ200 picture quality analyzer as the tool for coded video quality measurement are reported and analyzed in association with the rate control algorithms. The combined theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the VBR coding has a significant bit saving potential over the CBR coding for the same coding quality. To effectively utilize the gain from the VBR coding, three bit stream transport mechanisms are introduced. Finally some potential applications that can benefit from the VBR coding have been identified.
NADH reoxidation does not control glycolytic flux during exposure of respiring Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultures to glucose excess (1999)

Introduction of the Lactobacillus casei lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) gene into Saccharomyces cerevisiae under the control of the TPI1 promoter yielded high LDH levels in batch and chemostat cultures. LDH expression did not affect the dilution rate above which respiro-fermentative metabolism occurred (Dc) in aerobic, glucose-limited chemostats. Above Dc, the LDH-expressing strain produced both ethanol and lactate, but its overall fermentation rate was the same as in wild-type cultures. Exposure of respiring, LDH-expressing cultures to glucose excess triggered simultaneous ethanol and lactate production. However, the specific glucose consumption rate was not affected, indicating that NADH reoxidation does not control glycolytic flux under these conditions.
Molecular Characterization and Heterologous Expression of the Gene Encoding a Low-Molecular-Mass Endoglucanase from <i>Trichoderma reesei</i> QM9414 (1998)

We have isolated the genomic and cDNA clones encoding EG III (a low-molecular-mass endo-beta-1,4-glucanase) gene from Trichoderma reesei QM9414. The nucleotide sequence of the cDNA fragment was verified to contain a 702-bp open reading frame that encodes a 234-amino-acid propeptide. The deduced protein sequence has significant homologies with family H endo-beta-1,4-glucanases. The 16-amino-acid N-terminal sequence was shown to function as a leader peptide for possible secretion. Northern blot analysis showed that the EG III gene transcript, with a length of about 700 bp, was expressed markedly by cellulose but not by glucose. The protein has been expressed as a mature form in Escherichia coli and as secreted forms in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe under the control of tac, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1), and human cytomegalovirus promoters, respectively. The S. cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe recombinant strains showed strong cellulolytic activities on agar plates containing carboxymethyl cellulose. The E. coli strain expressed small amounts of EG III in an active form and large amounts of EG III in an inactive form. The molecular masses of the recombinant EG IIIs were estimated to be 25, 28, and 29 kDa for E. coli, S. cerevisiae, and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, respectively, by immunoblot analysis following sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryl-amide gel electrophoresis. Parts of the yeast recombinant EG IIIs decreased their molecular masses to 25 kDa after treatment with endoglycosidase H and alpha-mannosidase, suggesting that they are N glycosylated at least partly.
Accurate Vehicle Location System Using RFID, an Internet of Things Approach (2016)

Modern infrastructure, such as dense urban areas and underground tunnels, can effectively block all GPS signals, which implies that effective position triangulation will not be achieved. The main problem that is addressed in this project is the design and implementation of an accurate vehicle location system using radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology in combination with GPS and the Global system for Mobile communication (GSM) technology, in order to provide a solution to the limitation discussed above. In essence, autonomous vehicle tracking will be facilitated with the use of RFID technology where GPS signals are non-existent. The design of the system and the results are reflected in this paper. An extensive literature study was done on the field known as the Internet of Things, as well as various topics that covered the integration of independent technology in order to address a specific challenge. The proposed system is then designed and implemented. An RFID transponder was successfully designed and a read range of approximately 31 cm was obtained in the low frequency communication range (125 kHz to 134 kHz). The proposed system was designed, implemented, and field tested and it was found that a vehicle could be accurately located and tracked. It is also found that the antenna size of both the RFID reader unit and RFID transponder plays a critical role in the maximum communication range that can be achieved.
Operating Limits of Inverter-Driven Permanent Magnet Motor Drives (1987)

Recent developments of high-energy permanent magnet (PM) materials such as neodymium-iron-boron have focused attention on the use of PM synchronous motors supplied from inverters for a wide variety of speed control applications. PM motor drives are readily applicable where full torque is required up to full or base speed. They are, however, limited in their ability to operate in the power-limited regime where the available torque is reduced as the speed is increased above its base value. In contrast with the field weakening approach used in dc drives, the magnet is permanent. The torque-speed operating limits of PM motor drives, of conventional design are explored, and then design measures which can substantially extend operation into the power-limited regime are proposed. A trade-off between the low speed-torque limit and the extent of the speed range above base speed is achieved by variations in magnet dimensions and the depth of inset of the magnets in the rotor iron. Experimental results are presented for two motors of different design, each using neodymium magnets and each supplied from a current-controlled inverter with hysteresis control of current waveshape.
Bone SPECT of the spine: a comparison of attenuation correction techniques. (1999)

Comparisons with reconstructions using transmission data for estimating attenuation demonstrate that reasonable quantitative accuracy can be obtained in SPECT of the cervical spine using this simple attenuation estimate. Both scatterAC and transAC appear to provide consistent and expected uniform spine uptake in the cervical spines of normal patients.