gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional defects underlie loss of E-cadherin expression in breast cancer. (1997)

Decreased expression of E-cadherin (E-cad), a calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule, has been seen in many different epithelial cancers. Although somatic mutations in the E-cad gene have been identified in a small subset of tumors, in the majority of cancers, the mechanisms underlying loss of E-cad expression are poorly understood. We have cloned the human E-cad promoter and defined its critical components in functional assays. In eight human breast cancer cell lines, there was a striking correlation between endogenous E-cad gene expression and E-cad promoter activity observed following the introduction of reporter gene constructs into the lines. These and other observations suggest that defects in trans-acting pathways regulation E-cad expression are the primary basis for the loss of its expression in most breast cancers. The results have significant implications for understanding the gene expression differences that underlie tumor heterogeneity and progression events in breast and other epithelial cancers.
Chlorogenic acid differentially affects postprandial glucose and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide response in rats (2011)

Regular coffee consumption significantly lowers the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Coffee contains thousands of compounds; however, the specific component(s) responsible for this reduced risk is unknown. Chlorogenic acids (CGA) found in brewed coffee inhibit intestinal glucose uptake in vitro. The objective of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms by which CGA acts to mediate blood glucose response in vivo. Conscious, unrestrained, male Sprague-Dawley rats were chronically catheterized and gavage-fed a standardized meal (59% carbohydrate, 25% fat, 12% protein), administered with or without CGA (120 mg·kg(-1)), in a randomized crossover design separated by a 3-day washout period. Acetaminophen was co-administered to assess the effects of CGA on gastric emptying. The incretins glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) were measured. GLP-1 response in the presence of glucose and CGA was further examined, using the human colon cell line NCI-H716. Total area under the curve (AUC) for blood glucose was significantly attenuated in rats fed CGA (p < 0.05). Despite this, no differences in plasma insulin or nonesterified fatty acids were observed, and gastric emptying was not altered. Plasma GIP response was blunted in rats fed CGA, with a lower peak concentration and AUC up to 180 min postprandially (p < 0.05). There were no changes in GLP-1 secretion in either the in vivo or in vitro study. In conclusion, CGA treatment resulted in beneficial effects on blood glucose response, with alterations seen in GIP concentrations. Given the widespread consumption and availability of coffee, CGA may be a viable prevention tool for T2D.
Multi-spectral compressive snapshot imaging using RGB image sensors (2015)

Compressive sensing is a powerful sensing and reconstruction framework for recovering high dimensional signals with only a handful of observations and for spectral imaging, compressive sensing offers a novel method of multispectral imaging. Specifically, the coded aperture snapshot spectral imager (CASSI) system has been demonstrated to produce multi-spectral data cubes color images from a single snapshot taken by a monochrome image sensor. In this paper, we expand the theoretical framework of CASSI to include the spectral sensitivity of the image sensor pixels to account for color and then investigate the impact on image quality using either a traditional color image sensor that spatially multiplexes red, green, and blue light filters or a novel Foveon image sensor which stacks red, green, and blue pixels on top of one another.
Preparation and Catalytic Performance of Lipases Encapsulated in Sol-Gel Materials (2002)

Three kinds of lipases (from Candida antarctica, Pseudomonas cepacia, and Pseudomonas fluorescens) were encapsulated in inorganic matrices by the sol-gel method in order to synthesize chiral compounds by kinetic resolution. Sol-gel lipases prepared with vinyltriethoxysilane had higher hydrolysis activity for 2-octyl acetate than those with other silane precursors: tetramethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, and propyltrimethoxysilane.
Transfer function analysis of the constant voltage anemometer (1998)

The transfer function for the constant voltage anemometer (CVA) circuit has been derived in terms of circuit and hot-wire parameters and the expressions for the natural frequency and damping ratio have been obtained. Bandwidth in each case was determined from the plot of the normalized transfer function. The theoretical bandwidth behavior calculated from the transfer function plots for the prototype agrees with independent tests of the prototype using laser radiation heating of the hot wire in an air jet. The near constant value of the bandwidth of the CVA with the variation in the hot-wire overheat and its Reynolds number that were observed with the laser tests have been substantiated with the theoretical values from the transfer function. Bandwidth testing with sine wave injection, in situ time constant measurement for proper compensation setting, method to optimize the design to have nearly a constant bandwidth even with different compensation time constants and the operational advantages of CVA are also discussed.
PDE5A inhibition attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension through inhibition of ROS generation and RhoA/Rho kinase activation (2007)

Pulmonary hypertension frequently complicates interstitial lung disease, where it is associated with a high mortality. Patients with this dual diagnosis often fare worse than those with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) alone and respond poorly to standard PAH therapy, often dying of right ventricular (RV) failure. We hypothesize that nitric oxide synthase (NOS) uncoupling is important in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease-associated pulmonary hypertension, and this process can be abrogated by phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibition to improve pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular function. Intratracheal bleomycin (4 U/kg) or saline control was administered to C57/BL6 mice after anesthesia. After recovery, animals were fed a diet of sildenafil (100 mg.kg(-1).day(-1)) or vehicle for 2 wk when they underwent hemodynamic measurements, and tissues were harvested. Survival was reduced in animals treated with bleomycin compared with controls and was improved with sildenafil (100.0 vs. 73.7 vs. 84.2%, P < 0.05). RV/LV+S ratio was higher in bleomycin-alone mice with improvement in ratio when sildenafil was administered (33.00 +/- 0.01% vs. 20.98 +/- 0.01% P < 0.05). Histology showed less pulmonary vascular and RV fibrosis in the group cotreated with sildenafil. Bleomycin was associated with a marked increase in superoxide generation by DHE histological staining and luminol activity in both heart and lung. Treatment with sildenafil resulted in a concomitant reduction in superoxide levels in both heart and lung. These data demonstrate that PDE5 inhibition ameliorates RV hypertrophy and pulmonary fibrosis associated with intratracheal bleomycin in a manner that is associated with improved NOS coupling and a reduction in reactive oxygen species signaling.
Orbital Angular Momentum States Enabling Fiber-based High-dimensional Quantum Communication (2019)

Going beyond two-state qubits, $q\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}u\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}d\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}s$ based on quantum states of high dimension constitute a rich resource in quantum information, and their exploitation will play a prominent role in next-generation technologies. Generation and manipulation of qudits have improved strongly over the last decades; their reliable transmission between remote locations remains the central challenge. The authors use an air-core fiber supporting orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes to faithfully transmit qudits. Four OAM quantum states and their superpositions are created, propagated over a 1.2-km fiber, and detected. Moreover, three quantum-key-distribution protocols are implemented.
Pediatricians volunteer services to help indigent families (1990)

A group of Georgia pediatricians is hoping that hard work, dedication and a healthy dose of optimism will be enough to expand poor medical resources for indigent families in Gwinnett County. Two nights a week, participating pediatricians call the Lawrence-ville Health Department their office, seeing children of low-income families who might otherwise go without health care. Many of these patients are just people who live on a tight budget, said Javad Deganian, M.D., FAAP. They pay their bills every month, but they don9t have enough money to go to the doctor or they wait until a child is really sick before going.
Temporal pulse-clocked multi-bit flip-flop mitigating SET and SEU (2015)

Hardening the flip-flops and latches is the most straightforward way to improve the soft-error robustness of sequential logic circuits. This paper presents novel pulse-clocked latch based flip-flops that mitigate not just single event upsets (SEUs) but also single event transients (SETs) that are an increasing threat in high performance logic. The design uses triple-mode redundant latches, combined with appropriate clocking to provide redundancy in both space and time. Analysis of the flip-flop operation and immunity to both SEUs and SETs, as well as layout that provides adequate critical node separation to prevent multi-node charge collection failures, are presented. The multi-bit flip-flop macro has been fabricated and tested functional as shift registers on a 90-nm foundry LP process.
Control Structure Abstractions of the Backtracking Programming Technique (Abstract). (1976)

Law enforcement strategies to eliminate open drug scenes may increase the demand for MMT. Sufficient treatment facilities for opioid dependence should be provided when law enforcement activities against open drug scenes are planned.
Microthrusters employing catalytically reacted N2-O2-H2 gas mixtures, Tridyne (1971)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Dendritic cells in humans--from fetus to adult (2014)

The human immune system evolves continuously during development from the embryo into the adult, reflecting the ever-changing environment and demands of our body. This ability of our immune system to sense external cues and adapt as we develop is just as important in the early tolerogenic environment of the fetus, as it is in the constantly pathogen-challenged adult. Dendritic cells (DCs), the professional antigen-sensing and antigen-presenting components of the immune system, play a crucial role in this process where they act as sentinels, both initiating and regulating immune responses. Here, we provide an overview of the human immune system in the developing fetus and the adult, with a focus on DC ontogeny and function during these discrete but intimately linked life stages.
Reducing Microbial Populations on Beef Tissues: Concentration and Temperature of an Acid Mixture (1990)

ABSTRACT A mixture of 2% acetic, 1% lactic, 0.25% citric and 0.1% ascorbic acid was applied to beef core samples of muscle inoculated with bacteria. Experimental variables were concentration and temperature of mixed acids and type of microorganism. Overall, an increase in either mixed acids concentration (0 to 3%) or temperature (20 to 70°C) resulted in reductions in counts of about one logi 0 for aerobic bacteria and S. ryphimurium , less than one log 10 for Enterobacteriaceae , and about one‐half log 10 for E. coli. Initial meat surface pH dropped to 4.3 after treatment with 3% mixed acids solution but rose to 5.2 after 24 hr. Overall, this mixture of acids performed about the same as acetic acid or lactic acid under the same conditions.
A building block BIST methodology for SOC designs: a case study (2002)

System-on-Chip (SOC) designs use numerous and diverse embedded cores and memories. Very high system reliability requirements mandate greater than 99.9% ATPG chip manufacturing test coverage. Logic BIST and memory BIST are increasingly used for high system test coverage with additional constraints that some cores or pockets of user designed logic have to be functionally active during BIST. This paper describes the challenges of a design methodology to handle such SOC designs and the automated solutions that address these problems.
Speech transport in packet-radio networks with mobile nodes (1983)

A research effort to provide speech-carrying capabilities to a data-oriented packet-switching radio network is described. The features of the network that limit its ability to carry packetized speech are discussed, and their effects on the network performance are analyzed. A new protocol, called duct routing, that enhances the network capabilities in a mobile environment is presented. That protocol makes use of repeater redundancy to compensate for loss of communication connectivity due to node mobility. A series of experiments to evaluate the network performance in carrying speech traffic, both with data and voice protocols, is described, and the results are presented and discussed.
Amplifier and Transistor Noise‐Parameter Measurements (2014)

Methods for measuring the noise parameters of amplifiers and on‐wafer transistors are reviewed. After some preliminary background information and conventions are presented, noise parameters are defined and the most common measurement strategies are presented, both for packaged amplifiers and for on‐wafer transistors (or amplifiers). The uncertainty analysis for such measurements is reviewed, and check and verification methods are presented.
A Wearable Ultrasonic Obstacle Sensor for Aiding Visually Impaired and Blind Individuals (2014)

Visual impairment and blindness in people is a factor that greatly reduces mobility among them .With the recent advances in technology it is possible to extend the support given to people with visual impairment and blindness during their mobility This paper proposes a new view about biometric instrument for blind peoples to sense and detect obstacles. A device is designed so that the blind people will be able to walk without any white cane. The aim of this paper is to provide an obstacle identifier to blind persons, so that they can able to cross through the obstacles easily without their walking stick. They are provided with spectacles to wear on, which are embedded with ultrasonic distance measurement scale equipment and a camera with a headphone. The proposed device is based upon the target finding using ultrasonic sound. The camera in the device helps to identify the person and to recall from the individual’s memory, when the person re-appears before him. The advantage of this paper is that the device proposed need not be carried with pain. The proposed device will be more users friendly. The accuracy level of identifying the target is also improved.
Modeling and integration of peripheral devices in embedded systems (2003)

This paper describes automation methods for device driver development in IP-based embedded systems in order to achieve high reliability, productivity, reusability and fast time to market. We formally specify device behaviors using event driven finite state machines, communication channels, declaratively described rules, constraints and synthesis patterns. A driver is synthesized from this specification for a virtual environment that is platform (processor, operating system and other hardware) independent. The virtual environment is mapped to a specific platform to complete the driver implementation. The illustrative application of our approach for a USB device driver in Linux demonstrates improved productivity and reusability.
O2 molecules dissolved in synthetic silica glasses and their photochemical reactions induced by ArF excimer laser radiation (1990)

Silica glasses were prepared by three different techniques, vapor phase axial deposition method, oxidation of SiCl4 in O2-H2 flame, and O2 or O2-Ar plasma method with changing preparation conditions. This was done with the expectation that O2 molecules dissolve in the glasses with different concentrations by using a wide variety of preparation conditions. O2 molecules were found to be dissolved in the order of 1017 cm−3 and give an optical absorption above 7 eV, the so-called Schumann–Runge bands. The estimations of concentrations were done by using a molar absorption coefficient of ≡SiOH at 0.46 eV formed under a reaction of O2 with H2 diffusing from atmosphere at high temperature, 1/2 O2+H2+≡Si−O−Si≡ →2≡Si−OH. The concentration directly estimated from the absorption intensity at above 7 eV was consistent with those estimated from the IR band of ≡SiOH. On the ArF excimer laser irradiation of the glasses which possess the absorption band above 7 eV, the well-known absorption band at 4.8 eV was induced. This band was assigned to the Hartley bands of the O3 molecule. The reaction model was proposed to be O2(trapped)→2O(hν&gt;5.1 eV) and O+O2→O3(trapped). On exciting the induced 4.8 eV band, a photoluminescence at 1.9 eV was observed. The photoluminescence excitation spectrum of the band was agreed closely with the quantum yield curve of O(1D) on the excitation of Hartley bands of ozone. This suggests that the luminescence is due to the radiative relaxation of O(1D) to O(3P). The total reaction was proposed to be O3→O(1D)+O2 and O(1D)→O(3P)+1.9 eV.
High level fault modeling of asynchronous circuits (2002)

A method is proposed for high level fault modeling of asynchronous circuits which are described by the signal transition graph. Transitional fault models are introduced. It is shown that the transitional faults are the direct mappings of most of the low level faults.
Synthesis of New Benzotriazole Derivatives Containing Carbon Chains as the Corrosion Inhibitors for Copper in Sodium Chloride Solution (2015)

In this study, a series of benzotriazole derivatives with various carbon chains (n = 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 16) were synthesized for the corrosion inhibition of copper in 3.5 wt % (wt %) NaCl solution. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies of these inhibitors in 3.5 wt % NaCl solution for copper were measured by various measurements including the polarization curves, the electrochemical impendence spectroscopy as well as the weight loss method. The inhibition mechanism of these new target molecules were analyzed by the plots of Tafel, Nyquist, and Bode. The corrosion inhibition effect was also evaluated by scanning the copper surface with an electron microscope. The results show that the corrosion of copper in chloride aqueous solution is efficiently inhibited by these new organic inhibitors. Furthermore, the corrosion inhibition efficiencies of the target inhibitors are shown to have much dependence on the carbon chain length attached to the molecular backbone. The inhibitor carrying a 7-carbon chain displays the greatest inhibition efficiency as large as ∼98% at 0.15 mM, while even the poorest inhibitor containing a 2-carbon chain shows ∼60% inhibition efficiency. The adsorption of these new inhibitors on copper was further revealed by analysis of Langmuir isotherms and quantum chemical calculations.
Management of Infants and Children 3 to 36 Months of Age With Fever Without Source (1993)

The evidence and guidelines presented in this article are meant to assist clinicians who manage children with FWS. However, physicians may choose to individualize therapy based on unique clinical circumstances or to adopt a variation of these guidelines based on a different interpretation of the evidence concerning these issues. No guidelines can eliminate all risk nor confine antibiotic treatment only to children likely to have occult bacteremia. The optimal management strategy reduces risk to a minimum at a reasonable cost and can be used in most practice settings.
Hypertension induced by drugs and other substances. (1995)

The purpose of this article is to review and summarize the literature regarding the effects of medications and other substances on blood pressure. Many substances are known to cause or exacerbate hypertension, including sodium chloride, substances of abuse, nonprescription sympathomimetics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sex steroids, immunosuppressive therapies, erythopoietin, antidepressants, ergot alkaloids, anesthetic agents, and other substances. With the population aging, the increasing incidence of polypharmacy, and the growth of over-the-counter pharmacological agents, including those which were previously available only by prescription, drug-induced hypertension is assuming heightened importance. Furthermore, these agents represent an important modifiable cause of secondary hypertension, and it is imperative that clinicians recognize this causal relationship.
AVALIAÇÃO DA UNIFORMIDADE DE APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUA EM GOTEJADORES EM FUNÇÃO DO TEOR DE FERRO (2011)

1 RESUMO Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar a variação de vazão em tubogotejadores NaanPC laranja e NaanPC azul em função de precipitados químicos, ao longo do tempo de funcionamento, quando submetidos a uma água rica em ferro, avaliando-se especificamente o coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiansen (CUC) e o coeficiente de uniformidade de distribuição (CUD). O experimento foi desenvolvido em uma bancada de ensaios para tubogotejadores no Laboratório de Ensaio de Equipamentos para Irrigação do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP, localizado no município de Botucatu – SP. O experimento foi montado em esquema fatorial 2x2x7, sendo duas doses de Fe, dois modelos de gotejadores e sete tempos de funcionamento, com três repetições, totalizando 84 parcelas experimentais. Efetuou-se a análise de variância pelo teste F. As médias das vazões dos gotejadores foram comparadas pelo teste de T de Student a 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados obtidos não apontaram diferença significativa nas diferentes doses de ferro. Entretanto, os resultados apontaram diferença significativa na interação gotejador x tempo e coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiansen (CUC). UNITERMOS: coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiansen(CUC), coeficiente de uniformidade de distribuição (CUD), entupimento de emissores. BRAUER, R.L; CRUZ, R. L; VILLAS BÔAS, R. L.; PLETSCH, T. A.EVALUATION OFWATER APPLICATION UNIFORMITY IN DRIPPERSIN FUNCTION OF IRON CONTENT 2 ABSTRACT This work aimed to study the occurrence of chemical precipitates effects in two types of drip hose (NaanPC orange and blue) due to chemical precipitation along the operating time, when subjected to water rich in iron, specifically evaluating the Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CUC) and distribution uniformity (DU). The experiment was conducted in a test bench for drip hose at Laboratory Test Equipment for Irrigation - Department of Agricultural Engineering, Sao Paulo State University. The experiment was a 2 x 2 x 7 factorial design, with two Fe doses, two drip brands, and seven operational times with three replicates, totalizing 84 experimental plots. The variance analysis was performed by F test. Average emitter discharges were compared by Student t test at 5% probability. The results showed no significant difference in iron doses. However, the results indicated significant differences in drip versus operational time and the Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CUC). KEYWORDS: Uniformity coefficient of Christiansen(CUC), distribution uniformity (DU), emitter clogging.
Skewing of the T-cell receptor repertoire in the lung of patients with HIV-1 infection (1996)

These findings indicate a compartmentalization of cells bearing discrete V beta gene products in the pulmonary microenvironment of patients with AIDS and suggest that the expansion of specific-V beta region subsets occurring in the lung might result from triggering by a superantigen.