gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A dynamic model of prices, supplies, and revenue adjustments in the U.S. beef market : emphasis on changing feed costs (2013)

Results of past beef research lack concurrence with respect to the effects of federal grain programs and grain market prices on the beef cattle market. This study examines the impact that changes in exogenous factors, particularly feed prices, have on cattle prices and supplies over time. A dynamic econometric model of the.U.S. fed and nonfed beef cattle market is formulated using quarterly data from 1973 to 1987. Price and supply equations were estimated for fed cattle, cull cows, nonfed steers and heifers, and feeder cattle placements. The equations were estimated within a rational distributed lag framework characterized by nonstochastic difference equations and autoregressive-moving average error terms. Solved reduced form coefficients were used to calculate short run and long run percentage price and supply responses. In addition, percentage responses were used to simulate revenue adjustments in the beef industry resulting from changes in corn price and the corn loan rate. The largest short run percentage price and supply responses were associated with by-product value except in the case of cull cow supply where corn price dominated. By-product value generated the largest long run percentage responses in all but the feeder sector and the total nonfed cattle supply sector where corn price demonstrated the larger effects. Interest rate was associated with the smallest short run percentage responses in all cases and the smallest long run responses in all but total nonfed cattle supply. All prices responded inversely to changes in corn price as did fed cattle supply and feeder cattle placements. Cull cow supply, nonfed steer and heifer supply, and total nonfed cattle supply responded positively to changes in corn price. Fed cattle and feeder cattle sector gross revenues were inversely related to changes in corn price and the corn loan rate, while gross revenues in the nonfed steer and heifer sector and cull cow sector were positively related. The results emphasize the importance of resource trade-offs between cattle finishing and nonfed cattle production; however, they must be interpreted carefully in light of recent structural changes in meat packing.
Leukotriene C synthase in mouse mastocytoma cells. An enzyme distinct from cytosolic and microsomal glutathione transferases (1988)

Leukotriene C4 synthesis was studied in preparations from mouse mastocytoma cells. Enzymic conjugation of leukotriene A4 with glutathione was catalysed by both the cytosol and the microsomal fraction. The specific activity of the microsomal fraction (7.8 nmol/min per mg of protein) was 17 times that of the cytosol fraction. The cytosol fraction of the mastocytoma cells contained two glutathione transferases, which were purified to homogeneity and characterized. A microsomal glutathione transferase was purified from mouse liver; this enzyme was shown by immunoblot analysis to be present in the mastocytoma microsomal fraction at a concentration one-tenth or less of that in the liver microsomal fraction. Both the cytosolic and the microsomal glutathione transferases in the mastocytoma cells were identified with enzymes previously characterized, by determining specific activities with various substrates, sensitivities to inhibitors, reactions with antibodies, and physical properties. The purified microsomal glutathione transferase from liver was inactive with leukotriene A4 or its methyl ester as substrate. The cytosolic enzymes displayed activity with leukotriene A4, but their specific activities and intracellular concentrations were too low to account for the leukotriene C4 formation in the mastocytoma cells. The microsomal fraction of the cells contained an enzyme distinguishable by various criteria from the previously studied glutathione transferases. This membrane-bound enzyme, leukotriene C synthase (leukotriene A4:glutathione S-leukotrienyltransferase), appears to carry the main responsibility for the biosynthesis of leukotriene C4.
Peptide<i>α</i>-Amidation Activity in Mouse Anterior Pituitary AtT-20 Cell Granules: Properties and Secretion* (1984)

Mouse anterior pituitary corticotropic tumor cells (AtT-20/D-16v) were homogenized and subjected to subcellular fractionation. A secretory granule associated enzyme activity was detected which could convert D-Tyr-Val-Gly into D-Tyr-Val-NH2. The enzyme activity was dependent on the presence of molecular oxygen, copper ions, and reduced ascorbate. Potent endogenous inhibitors of the enzyme obscured the activity unless appropriate levels of copper ions were added. The production of radiolabeled D-Tyr-Val-NH2 from labeled D-Tyr-Val-Gly was inhibited by a wide variety of peptides possessing COOH-terminal glycine residues but not by a number of other peptides, suggesting that many peptides with COOH-terminal glycine residues can function as substrates in the alpha-amidation reaction. Kinetic studies with varied concentrations of D-Tyr-Val-Gly demonstrated Michaelis-Menten kinetics; both the Km for D-Tyr-Val-Gly and maximum velocity (Vmax) increased upon addition of ascorbate to the reaction. Under optimized assay conditions, the secretory granule pool contains enough alpha-amidation activity to alpha-amidate all the relevant peptides in granules in a small fraction of the total time required for complete biosynthetic processing. Secretion of alpha-amidation activity was stimulated along with secretion of pro-ACTH/endorphin-derived peptides upon addition of synthetic corticotropin releasing factor or 8-bromo-cAMP.
Plasmid DNA vaccines: assay for integration into host genomic DNA. (2000)

The primary safety concern for DNA vaccines is their potential to integrate into host cellular DNA. We describe a sensitive and quantitative assay for investigating the tissue distribution and integration of plasmid DNA vaccines. By including gonadal tissues in the analysis, the potential for germline transmission is also assessed. At various time points after injection, total DNA is isolated from a variety of tissues and assayed by PCR for the presence of plasmid. To test for integration, genomic DNA is first purified away from free plasmid using a series of different gel electrophoresis procedures. The gel-purified genomic DNA is then assayed for integrated plasmid using PCR. Stringent methods are used to prevent contamination. The assay, validated using a variety of positive and negative controls, is capable of detecting one copy of plasmid per ug DNA (approximately 150,000 diploid cells). Using this assay, we have carried out intramuscular studies in mice or guinea pigs for four different DNA vaccine plasmids. There was no evidence of integration to a sensitivity of about one copy/microg DNA, which is at least three orders of magnitude below the spontaneous mutation frequency.
Experiment on Over-100-Gbps Wireless Transmission with OAM-MIMO Multiplexing System in 28-GHz Band (2018)

We propose an OAM-MIMO multiplexing system that effectively combines orbital angular momentum (OAM) and the advantage of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) based digital signal processing with multiple uniform circular arrays (UCAs) for point to point (P2P) line of sight (LOS) wireless transmission. We also implement transmitting (Tx) and receiving (Rx) antennas with quadruple UCAs, and each UCA has a broadband Butler matrix circuit for generating and separating OAM modes in the 28-GHz frequency band. We experimentally successfully demonstrate 120-Gbps wireless data transmission using five OAM modes (0, ±1, ±2) and 2-Gbaud adaptive modulation and coding with maximum modulation order of 256-QAM in the 27.5-29.5-GHz range. Our experimental results show the first step toward the next stage for super-high-capacity wireless communications.
An IEEE 1149.1 based test access architecture for ICs with embedded cores (2002)

This paper describes work at Texas Instruments regarding development of an IC architecture supporting hierarchical test access of embedded cores.
[Constituents of Asarum europeum L. Communication No. 18. Dynamics of the synthesis of flavonoids]. (1991)

In the present study, the dynamics of the biogenesis of the flavonoid compounds in haselworth such as isorhamnetin and quercetin glycosides and chalcone diglycoside, respectively, were investigated at various ontogenetic stages. The yield of transisoasarone and chlorophyll a and b were also analysed. The high concentration of transisoasarone was found in the rootstock (rhizome). Flavonoids were accumulated in the leaves; some chalcone diglycoside was found in the rhizome, too. The maximum concentration of flavonoid glycosides was detected in spring. In this period the young leaves are not protected either by cover leaves of buds or by the foliage of the uppermost zone of the vegetation. At this stage the a possible function of flavonoid glycosides could be the protection of the assimilation apparatus of young leaves against UV radiation.
The effect of solvents on the ultraviolet absorbance of sunscreens (1987)

The efficacy of sunscreens is often influenced by the solvents inwhich they are dissolved. In this regard, the ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectra of 13 UVA and UVB sunscreen chemicals were determined in 12 solvents ofvarying polarity and cosmetic interest. Changes inboth the wavelength of maximum absorbance (K max) and molar absorptivity () were observed for many of the sunscreen-solvent sys ems studied. Observed hypsochromic and bathochromic shifts in K max for a number of sunscreen chemicals were related to their structure and polarity. Polar solvents shifted the K max of polar sunscreens to shorter wavelengths (hypsochromic) andshifted less polar sunscreens to longer wavelengths (bathochromic). Ortho-substituted sunscreen chemicals, uch as salicylates and anthranilates xperienced a minimum or no UV absorbance shift. With the exception of PABA, most sunscreens showed increased absorbance in both polar and non-polar solvents and decreased absorbance in semi-polar solvents, such as hexylene glycol and C•2-C•5 alcohols benzoate. The results of this study should aid the cosmetic chemist in selecting appropriate solvents and vehicles for sunscreen chemicals.
Costumes in the Period of the Republic of China (2005)

Ancient Chinese clothes used to have big sleeves.Things changed after the Revolution of 1911.A plurality was shown in the coexistence of Western-style clothes,student dress,traditional long gown and mandrin jacket,and national costumes,Chinese tunic suit and cheongsam.There were great differences between the clothes of different social classes,political sects and regions.At that time,a person's dress still revealed his or her social status.
Wideband design of nonreciprocal phase shift magneto-optical isolators using phase adjustment in Mach-Zehnder interferometers (2006)

A wideband design is proposed for nonreciprocal phase shift magneto-optical isolators based on Mach-Zehnder interferometers. The wavelength dependence of nonreciprocal phase difference between the backward waves propagating in two interferometer arms is compensated for by that of reciprocal phase difference. This is realized by introducing an appropriate phase bias in one of interferometer arms. Two design examples are presented with a backward loss of >30 dB in the wavelength range of 1.40-1.63 microm for a magnetic garnet waveguide isolator and of 1.485-1.630 microm for a Si-wire waveguide isolator.
Phase separation and affinity between a fluorinated perylene diimide dye and an alkyl-substituted hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (2009)

Fluorination of alkyl groups is a known strategy for hindering miscibility, thus promoting phase separation, when blends are prepared with a hydrocarbon compound. A new perylene bis(dicarboximide) derivative functionalized with branched N-perfluoroalkyl moieties (BPF-PDI) has been synthesized as electron acceptor to be potentially used in conjunction with the electron donor hexakis(dodecyl)hexabenzocoronene (HBC-C12) in bulk heterojunction solar cells. Aiming at controlling self-assembly between the two components at the supramolecular level, stoichiometric blends in CHCl3 have been prepared either by spin- or drop-casting onto silicon surfaces, and further subjected to solvent vapour annealing (SVA) treatment in a CHCl3-saturated atmosphere. Spectroscopic investigation in solution shows the formation of supramolecular BPF-PDI–HBC-C12 dimers, with an association constant Kass = (2.1 ± 0.3) × 104 M−1, pointing to a strong and unexpected affinity between the two species within the mixture. Characterization through optical and atomic force microscopies of the deposited samples revealed that the self-assembly behaviour of the blends on SiOx is remarkably different from mono-component films, thus confirming the absence of a macroscopic phase-separation between the two components featuring isolated domains of the neat acceptor or donor compound. In addition, X-ray studies provided evidence for the existence of a local-scale phase separation. These findings are of importance for organic photovoltaics, since they offer a new strategy to control the phase separation at different scales in electron acceptor–donor blends.
Isolation and characterization of a green tissue-specific promoter from pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]. (2005)

Expression of rbcS genes encoding small subunit of rubisco, most abundant protein in green tissue, is regulated by at least three parameters--tissue type, light conditions and stage of development. One of the green tissue-specific promoters of rbcS gene family was isolated from pigeonpea by PCR. Expression of uidA gene encoding beta-glucuronidase in the transgenic tobacco plants under the control of pigeonpea rbcS promoter, clearly showed that this promoter was as strong as pea rbcS3A promoter characterized earlier. Study of the sequence similarity with pea rbcS3A promoter, especially the region (boxes I and III) that is required for rbcS3A expression, showed more than 50% divergence. In contrast, pigeonpea promoter sequence isolated in the present study was more similar to that of spinach and rice rbcS promoters.
Experimental Triggering of Reproduction in a Natural Population of <i>Microtus montanus</i> (1977)

A nonbreeding winter population of Microtus montanus was given limited supplements of fresh green wheatgrass over a 2-week period. The population was sampled at the end of the feeding period and compared to an adjacent population receiving no grass supplements. All of the experimental females were pregnant, while animals from the control area remained in nonbreeding condition. Replication of the experiment during the next winter produced similar results. The data suggest that Microtus montanus cues reproductive effort from chemical signals in the plant food resources.
Humanistic Education For The Future 'Crime Fighters' (2018)

LECTURE Aspiring to a life of crime fighting is a challenging but noble calling, and consequently, the educating of our future police, correctional, probation, parole, child protection, crime prevention, and youth justice officers, to name just a few, is an absolutely critical task if we want to live in a community that is not only safe but also one that allows for its members to flourish and grow. Given this imperative, the process of moulding our next generation of crime fighters in North Queensland must strive not only to impart knowledge and know-how – it should also endeavor to bring to the surface their nobler selves, the best of what it means to be human. It has to go beyond merely educating the mind, and must likewise invigorate their body and inspire their spirit. Employing a humanistic teaching philosophy that is primarily student-centered in nature, and premised on genuinely caring for their well-being and progress, allows for a more effective transmission of not only facts and figures, but also of values, attitudes, and an appropriate ethos necessary for their future careers in the criminal justice system.
Applications of feedback control in online advertising (2013)

Internet advertising is a new and exciting area where feedback control has proven tremendously valuable and is expected to play an increasingly important role as the industry continues its rapid growth. The objective of algorithms in a display advertising network is to create value for advertisers, publishers, and the network owner, via optimal decisions on where, when, how, and to whom to show ads. Feedback controllers provide a system that learns from its mistakes and takes proper reactive and proactive actions to meet goals set by advertisers. This paper is a brief tutorial to the field with control engineers as the intended audience.
Interpreting ADHD Rating Scale Scores: Linking ADHD Rating Scale Scores and CGI Levels in Two Randomized Controlled Trials of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate in ADHD (2010)

Objective: To provide additional understanding of the clinical significance of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale, Version IV (ADHD-RS-IV) total and change scores in relation to Clinical Global Impressions-Severity or -Improvement (CGI-S/-I) levels. Methods: Using two similarly designed pivotal trials of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (Vyvanse, Shire US Inc), equipercentile linking was used to identify scores on the ADHD-RS-IV and CGI that have the same percentile rank. Results: As assessed by CGI-S levels, moderately, markedly, severely, and extremely ill adults had mean (SD) baseline ADHD-RS-IV scores of 36.2 (4.9), 42.1 (6.1), 45.4 (5.1), and 53.0, respectively. A similar relationship was observed in children. At endpoint, children categorized as minimally, much, or very much improved by CGI-I demonstrated mean (SD) ADHD-RS-IV changes from baseline of -9.9 (6.8), -25.5 (7.2), and -33.2 (9.3), respectively. Adults demonstrated a similar relationship between ADHD-RS-IV change scores and CGI-I ratings. Based on equipercentile link function, a change from baseline in ADHD-RS-IV total score of ~10–15 points or 25% to 30% corresponded to a change of 1 level in CGI-I score. Conclusion: This analysis makes possible the establishment of a clinical impression of severity of illness from total ADHD-RS-IV scores and may facilitate the clinical interpretation of improvement of ADHD-RS-IV change scores.
Performance Organizacional: Fatores de Influência e Novas Perspectivas (2015)

metáforas concede a capacidade de enxergar diferentes ângulos de uma situação, mostrando como diferentes dimensões ou partes de uma organização podem coexistir, apoiando, reforçando ou contradizendo uma à outra.Deste modo, como acréscimo à comunidade acadêmica e empresarial, este estudo reúne uma revisão e interação de conceitos encontrados na literatura, que podem contribuir no entendimento da performance organizacional e os fatores que a influenciam, ampliando assim as perspectivas sobre o tema.
Optical absorption in lithiated tungsten oxide thin films: Experiment and theory (2007)

Amorphous tungsten oxide exhibits electrochromism when intercalated with protons, lithium, sodium, and other ions. Thin films of the material were prepared by dc magnetron sputtering and then electrochemically intercalated with lithium. The optical absorption in the wavelength range of 300–2500nm was measured for a number of lithium concentrations. The optical absorption shows a maximum for lithium/tungsten ratios of 0.3–0.5. The optical spectra can be fitted by a superposition of three Gaussian peaks, representing the three possible electronic transitions between W6+, W5+, and W4+ sites. The variation of the peak strength with lithium concentration is consistent with an extended site-saturation theory.
Glucocorticoids and insulin regulate expression of the human gene for insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 through proximal promoter elements. (1994)

Glucocorticoids stimulate, while insulin inhibits, the hepatic transcription of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1). In the present studies, human HEP G2 hepatoma cells were transiently transfected with human (h)IGFBP-1 promoter constructs. Activity of a construct containing the first 1205 base pairs (bp) of the hIGFBP-1 promoter was stimulated 6-9.5-fold by dexamethasone, and this increase was inhibited approximately 76% by insulin. Deletion and site-directed mutations of the hIGFBP-1 promoter (a) identified two glucocorticoid response elements, located within the first 200 bp of the promoter, which are essential for dexamethasone-stimulated promoter activity and which specifically bind human glucocorticoid receptor; (b) showed that a recently characterized insulin-responsive element, located approximately 110 bp 5' to the transcription start site (Suwanichkul, A., Morris, S.L., and Powell, D. R. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 17063-17068), confers the entire inhibitory effect of insulin not only on basal but also on glucocorticoid-stimulated promoter activity; and (c) showed that this insulin-responsive element is essential for maximal glucocorticoid-stimulated activity. These studies suggest that the interaction of proteins that bind to a cluster of cis elements located in the first 200 bp of the hIGFBP-1 promoter are of major importance in modulating the opposing effects of glucocorticoids and insulin on hepatic hIGFBP-1 expression.
Prostate inflammation and its potential impact on prostate cancer: A current review (2007)

Recent studies have identified a role for inflammation in the development and progression of several cancers, such as liver, stomach and the large intestine. Data from several studies has shown correlations between soluble inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. However, a direct relationship between inflammation and prostate cancer has yet to be identified. Two major hurdles currently exist which limit the study of this relationship are first that animal models available for studying prostate inflammation are limited, and secondly that relatively little is known about the inflammatory response in the prostate. Here we first review the data demonstrating a correlation between inflammation and prostate cancer as well as review what is currently known about the inflammatory response in the prostate and the impact this inflammation has on the prostate tissue.
INTERLIBRARY LENDING IN THE UNITED KINGDOM: Summary report of a national survey conducted in February 1977 (1978)

To obtain a national picture of interlibrary lending in the UK, a survey of all libraries was carried out in February 1977, with an approximate 75% response. A third of all requests was for monographs, 56% for serials. Half the demand came from academic libraries, 16% from public libraries, and a third from other libraries. The British Library was used successfully for 73% of all requests, the regional systems for 11%–12% and direct application for 12%–13%; 3% were unsatisfied; the regional systems accounted for half of all successful public library requests. The British Library itself supplied 70% of requested items, public libraries 10%, academic libraries 9% and other libraries 8%. Satisfaction rates for different channels ranged from 94% (British Library) to 77% (regional bureaux). Median times from requesting to receipt varied between 6 days (British Library) and 14 days (regional bureaux).
The Effects of Tetanus Toxin on the Orbicularis Oculi Muscle (2000)

Tetanus toxin can cause localized orbicularis oculi weakness, as documented clinically, physiologically, and microscopically, without producing systemic tetany in immunized rabbits. Tetanus toxin may have a potential application in the treatment of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm.