gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The impact of boundary scan on board test (1989)

Three categories of approaches to board test in manufacturing today are discussed: as a sorting process; as a repair driver: and as a process monitor. The costs associated with each are briefly examined. Elements in the overall testing and manufacturing process that can sabotage the success of a board-test operation are described. They are inaccuracies, misdiagnosis, test-repair looping, and handling-induced failures. Some industry trends that can threaten a manufacturer's ability to control the board-manufacturing process, namely, ASICs, surface-mount technology/tape automated bonding, miniaturized components, and node counts, are considered. The ability of boundary scan to enhance fault diagnosis, reduce test-repair looping, and enable standardized testing and the reuse of tests is discussed. Future trends in boundary-scan testing are indicated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A high performance T-type single phase double grounded transformer-less photovoltaic inverter with active power decoupling (2016)

Transformer-less PV inverters are gaining widespread applications with lower cost, reduced footprint, and improved efficiency. This paper proposes a topology that can eliminate the common mode leakage current which is a major challenge in transformer-less PV inverters. In addition, an active power decoupling strategy is implemented in this topology instead of using large energy storage element for double line frequency power decoupling, thus achieving a smaller volume. A constant input voltage with negligible double line frequency ripple component ensuring high MPPT efficiency is achieved in this topology. Compared to the previously proposed topology, a T-type branch is added as an improvement to fully take advantage of the inherent three level structure resulting in much reduced switching loss and inductor current ripple. A 1 kW, 100 kHz single-phase prototype with 200 V DC input and 120 V/60 Hz AC output using SiC MOSFETs has been built to validate the theoretical analysis. The control strategy and modulation scheme are implemented in DSP TMS320F28335 resulting in 24% reduction in the total loss and 50% reduction in the inductor current ripple.
Exploring Aigialomycin D and Its Analogues as Protein Kinase Inhibitors for Cancer Targets (2011)

The natural product aigialomycin D (1) is a member of the resorcylic acid lactone (RAL) family possessing protein kinase inhibitory activities. This paper describes the synthesis of aigialomycin D and a series of its analogues and their activity for the inhibition of protein kinases related to cancer pathways. A preliminary study of these compounds in the inhibition of CDK2/cyclin A kinase has found that aigialomycin D and analogues 11 and 23 are moderate CDK2/cyclin A inhibitors with IC50 values of ca. 20 μM. Kinase profiling of aigialomycin D against a panel of kinases has led to the identification of MNK2 as a promising target (IC50 = 0.45 μM), and preliminary structure-activity relationship studies have been carried out to identify the essential functional groups for activity.
Simple and Efficient Procedure for Removing the 34kDa Allergenic Soybean Protein,<i>Gly m</i>I, from Defatted Soy Milk (1994)

The 34 kDa protein in the salted-out fraction of soy milk is shown to be identical to the allergenic soybean protein, Gly m I, by N-terminal amino acid sequencing and immunoblotting, using the monoclonal antibody against Gly m I. Treatment of soy milk with 1 M Na2SO4, acidifying to pH 4.5 and centrifugation removed more than 90% of the 34 kDa protein with an overall yield of 70% of total soy protein.
Two Types of Arctic Oscillation and Their Associated Dynamic Features (2011)

在这份报纸，北极摆动(AO ) 的二种类型的动态进化，同温层的(S) 和 tropospheric，(T) 打字，以强迫的短暂旋涡反馈和三维的 Rossby 波浪繁殖在中间的时间规模上被调查了。S 类型(T 类型) 事件被在阶段的一个异常同温层的极的旋涡描绘(从阶段) 与它的 tropospheric 对应物。近似 AO 事件的 onethird，积极、否定，是 T 类型事件。为一个 T 类型事件的积极阶段，在极的帽子上的同温层的积极异例的形成和维护与在东北亚洲上从近对流顶层的高度发源的 Rossby 波浪包的向上的繁殖被联系。然而，如此的向上的宣传特征没被作出对有利的裁决 S 类型事件。在对流层，强迫的短暂旋涡反馈为 S 类型和 T 类型事件的南方的跷跷板结构主要负责，与从 Rossby 波浪繁殖的另外的贡献。
Multipole light scattering by nonspherical nanoparticles in the discrete dipole approximation (2011)

In the framework of the discrete dipole approximation we develop a theoretical approach that allows the analysis of the role of multipole modes in the extinction and scattering spectra of arbitrary shaped nanoparticles. The main attention is given to the first multipoles including magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. The role of magnetic quadrupole and electric octupole modes is also discussed. The method is applied to nonspherical Si nanoparticles with resonant multipole responses in the visible optical range, allowing a decomposition of single extinction (scattering) peaks into their constituent multipole contributions. It is shown by numerical simulations that it is possible to design silicon particles for which the electric dipole and magnetic dipole resonances are located at the same wavelength under certain propagation directions of incident light, providing new possibilities in metamaterial developments.
Mineralization Potential of Polarized Dental Enamel (2009)

This increased mineralization may promote resistance to acidic deterioration of the structure. The present study is one of the primary steps towards the development of novel application in reparative and restorative dentistry.
Early Intracerebral Hematoma Expansion After Aneurysmal Rupture (2010)

Only half of the patients with early ICH expansion after aneurysmal rupture had clinical signs of rerupture of the aneurysm. Early ICH expansion after aneurysmal rupture can be caused by other mechanisms, which are possibly comparable to those responsible for hematoma expansion in spontaneous ICH.
Valuable product production from wood mill effluents (2010)

Fibreboard production is one of the most important industrial activities in Galicia (Spain). Great amounts of wastewater are generated, with properties depending on the type of wood, treatment process, final product and water reusing, among others. These effluents are characterized by a high chemical oxygen demand (COD), low pH and nutrients limitation. Aerobic and anaerobic processes have been used for their treatment. Presently, bioplastics production (mainly polyhydroxyalkanoates or PHA) from wastewaters with mixed cultures is being studied. Substrate requirements for these processes are a high organic matter content and low nutrient concentration. Therefore, wood mill effluents could be a suitable feedstock. PHA production from wastewaters is carried out in three steps. First, complex organic matter is converted into volatile fatty acids (VFA) through acidogenic fermentation. Then, VFA are used as substrate in an aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR), in which the enrichement of PHA producing bacteria from a mixed culture is favoured. Finally, the sludge from the SBR is fed with a pulse containing high VFA concentrations, resulting in PHA accumulation inside the cells. In this work, the possibility of applying this process to wood mill effluents is proposed. An acidification percentage of 37% and a storage yield (Y(STO)) of 0.23 Cmmol/Cmmol were obtained.
Multidrug-Resistance Modulators from <i>Stephania </i><i>japonica</i> (1997)

An alkaloidal extract of the vines of Stephania japonica showed multidrug-resistance-reversing activity as demonstrated by the bicinchoninic acid assay. Two known bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, isotrilobine (1) and trilobine (2), were isolated by bioassay-directed fractionation and separation. Isotrilobine (1) was shown to be as active as verapamil (3) in reversing doxorubicin resistance in human breast cancer cells.
Effect of a test dentifrice containing nano-sized calcium carbonate on remineralization of enamel lesions in vitro (2009)

The efficacy of a test dentifrice containing nano-sized (several tens to hundreds of nm) calcium carbonate (hereafter NC) on enamel lesion remineralization was studied in an in vitro system that employed collagen-coated wells for cell culture, as a model of oral surfaces for NC retention. The well surfaces were treated with the test dentifrice and briefly rinsed with distilled water. Thin sections of enamel with artificial subsurface demineralization were remineralized in the plate wells containing remineralizing solution. The dentifrice treatment was repeated twice a day (in the morning and evening) for 20 days. After remineralization, microradiographic analysis was performed to evaluate the rate of lesion remineralization on the sections. The test dentifrice showed a statistically significant mineral gain (48.8% decrease in DeltaZ % x microm from the baseline value), indicating lesion remineralization, whereas the placebo dentifrice without NC did not. An elevated Ca concentration in the remineralizing solution was also observed after a single treatment with the test dentifrice. We conclude that the test dentifrice has potential to remineralize incipient enamel lesions due to the unique properties of NC, which is retained on oral surfaces, thereafter releasing Ca ions into oral fluids (saliva, plaque).
Transmission of Scrapie in Hamsters (1985)

Hamsters developed scrapie 100-160 days after eating either scrapie-infected hamsters or infected brain. The clinical signs and neuropathology of scrapie transmitted by cannibalism were identical to those observed after intracerebral or intraperitoneal inoculation of the agent. Oral transmission of scrapie appears to be extremely inefficient. Cannibalism requires a dose of the scrapie agent of approximately 10(9) times greater than that needed to produce the disease by intracerebral injection for comparable periods of incubation. These results provide compelling evidence for oral transmission of scrapie and may offer new insights into the spread of kuru by cannibalism among the Fore people and their neighbors. The extreme inefficiency of oral infection with scrapie might also have implications for understanding the sporadic occurrence and worldwide distribution of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
Compressive Surface Stresses in Glass: An Old Curiosity? (1999)

Residual stresses in glass have moved from a curious fascination to a useful and successful industrial technology. In some cases, however, these strengthening processes for glass can lead to increases in strength variability. A new approach has been established that allows residual stresses to be introduced into a brittle material that increase strength and decrease strength variability. These stress profiles lead to crack growth stabilisation, crack arrest and multiple cracking prior to failure. It is suggested these ideas need to be extended to other glasses and to other types of materials and structures; allowing the curiosity to continue into the new millennium.
Novel sst<sub>4</sub>-Selective Somatostatin (SRIF) Agonists. 4. Three-Dimensional Consensus Structure by NMR (2003)

The three-dimensional NMR structures of eight cyclic octapeptide analogues of somatostatin (SRIF) are described. These analogues, with the basic sequence H-c[Cys3-Phe6-Xxx7-Yyy8-Lys9-Thr10-Zzz11-Cys14]-OH (the numbering refers to the position in native SRIF), with Xxx7 being Phe/Ala/Tyr, Yyy8 being Trp/dTrp/d-threo-β-Me2Nal/l-threo-β-Me2Nal, and Zzz11 being Phe/Ala, exhibit potent and highly selective binding to human SRIF type 4 (sst4) receptors. The conformations reveal that the backbones of these analogues do not have the usual type-II‘ β-turn reported in the literature for sst2-subtype-selective analogues. Instead, the structures contain a unique arrangement of side chains of Yyy8, Lys9, and Phe6 or Phe11. The conformational preferences and results from biological analyses of these analogues (parts 1-3 of this series, Rivier et al., Erchegyi et al., and Erchegyi et al., J. Med. Chem. 2003, preceding papers in this issue) allow a detailed study of the structure−activity relationship of SRIF. The proposed consensus structural motif at the binding pocket for the sst4-selective analogues requires a unique set of distances between an indole/2-naphthyl ring, a lysine side chain, and another aromatic ring. This motif is necessary and sufficient to explain the binding affinities of all of the analogues studied and is distinct from the existing model suggested for sst2/sst5 selectivity.
Advances and perspectives of mechanomyography (2014)

INTRODUCTION: The evaluation of muscular tissue condition can be accomplished with mechanomyography (MMG), a technique that registers intramuscular mechanical waves produced during a fiber's contraction and stretching that are sensed or interfaced on the skin surface. OBJECTIVE: Considering the scope of MMG measurements and recent advances involving the technique, the goal of this paper is to discuss mechanomyography updates and discuss its applications and potential future applications. METHODS: Forty-three MMG studies were published between the years of 1987 and 2013. RESULTS: MMG sensors are developed with different technologies such as condenser microphones, accelerometers, laser-based instruments, etc. Experimental protocols that are described in scientific publications typically investigated the condition of the vastus lateralis muscle and used sensors built with accelerometers, third and fourth order Butterworth filters, 5-100Hz frequency bandpass, signal analysis using Root Mean Square (RMS) (temporal), Median Frequency (MDF) and Mean Power Frequency (MPF) (spectral) features, with epochs of 1 s. CONCLUSION: Mechanomyographic responses obtained in isometric contractions differ from those observed during dynamic contractions in both passive and functional electrical stimulation evoked movements. In the near future, MMG features applied to biofeedback closed-loop systems will help people with disabilities, such as spinal cord injury or limb amputation because they may improve both neural and myoelectric prosthetic control. Muscular tissue assessment is a new application area enabled by MMG; it can be useful in evaluating the muscular tonus in anesthetic blockade or in pathologies such as myotonic dystrophy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and disorders including dysphagia, myalgia and spastic hypertonia. New research becomes necessary to improve the efficiency of MMG systems and increase their application in rehabilitation, clinical and other health areas.
[QT prolongation and circulatory arrest after an injection of erythromycin in a newborn infant]. (1991)

A 8 day-old full-term newborn showed severe cardiac disturbances after intravenous injection of erythromycin. The neonate, suspected of having Chlamydia pneumonitis because of tachypnea and rhinitis, had been given 5 injections of erythromycin without clinical effect. Pallor, vomiting and bradycardia developed a few minutes after the 6th injection, and ECG showed ventricular arrhythmia, prolonged QT interval and an atrioventricular block. The infant died in intensive care unit. This case and the analysis of other published cases of cardiac disturbances following the parenteral use of erythromycin, indicate the potential arrhythmogenic risk of this drug. It is suggested that newborns treated with erythromycin should be monitored by ECG.
The prehistory of Asia Minor: from complex hunter-gatherers to early urban societies (2011)

In this book, Bleda During offers an archaeological analysis of Asia Minor, the area equated with much of modern-day Turkey, from 20,000 to 2,000 BC. During this period human societies moved from small-scale hunter-gatherer groups to complex and hierarchical communities with economies based on agriculture and industry. Dr During traces the spread of the Neolithic way of life, which ultimately reached across Eurasia, and the emergence of key human developments, including the domestication of animals, metallurgy, fortified towns and long-distance trading networks. Situated at the junction between Europe and Asia, Asia Minor has often been perceived as a bridge for the movement of technologies and ideas. By contrast, this book argues that cultural developments followed a distinctive trajectory in Asia Minor from as early as 9,000 BC.
A taxonomy of window manager user interfaces (1988)

A taxonomy for the user-visible parts of window managers is presented. It is noted that there are actually very few significant differences, and the differences can be classified in a taxonomy with fairly limited branching. This taxonomy should be useful in evaluating various window managers, and it will also serve as a guide for the issues that need to be addressed by designers if future window-manager user interfaces. The advantages and disadvantages of the various options are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Activation of JAK-STAT1 signal transduction pathway in lesional skin and monocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. (2011)

There are hyperactivation of JAK-STAT1 signaling pathway and negative feedback down-regulation of SOCS-1 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. HMGB-1 may be partly involved in the pathogenesis of SLE by the abnormal mediating function of JAK-STAT1 signal transduction pathway.
Model based information access (2002)

The engineering data of a large enterprise is typically distributed over a wide area and archived in a variety of databases and file systems. Access to such information is crucial to a team member, particularly in a concurrent engineering setting. However, this is not easy, because (1) a model of the relevant information is not available, and (2) there is no simple way to access the information without being knowledgeable about various computer data formats, file systems, and networks. The authors have developed a system called the Information Sharing System (ISS) to enable access to diverse and distributed information within a corporation. Such data could be stored in different repositories such as databases and file systems including those that contain multiple media. The paper describes the methodology fo the ISS, the details of the implementation nd extensions planned for the future.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Review of Medical Prevention of Vasospasm after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Problem of Neurointensive Care (2001)

Cerebral vasospasm remains a devastating medical complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). It is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, even after the aneurysm has been secured surgically or radiologically. A great deal of experimental and clinical research has been conducted in an effort to find ways to prevent this complication. The literature includes extensive coverage of in vivo animal model studies of SAH and vasospasm. These experimental studies have contributed to tremendous advances in the understanding of the mechanisms leading to cerebral vasospasm. Most of the experimental settings, however, have demonstrated varying levels of ability to predict accurately what occurs in human SAH. Therefore, although animal models have been developed to test new therapies, most of the treatment effects have been shown to be less compelling when trials have been conducted in clinical settings. The interpretation of current literature is complicated further by the imprecise estimation of the incidence of cerebral vasospasm, which is due to various degrees of clinical expression, ranging from the absence of symptoms in the presence of increased blood flow velocities at transcranial Doppler or vessel diameter reduction at angiography to neurological manifestations of severe ischemic deficits. In addition, a change over time in the incidence pattern of human SAH and vasospasm, possibly related to improved surgical techniques and overall patient management, may have occurred. This topic review collects the relevant literature on clinical trials investigating prophylactic therapies for cerebral vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal SAH and emphasizes the need for large clinical trials to confirm the results derived from clinical experience. In addition, it points out some experimental therapies that may hold promise in future clinical trials to prevent the occurrence of vasospasm.
Flow cytometry analysis of immune response to COVID-19 vaccine candidates using an in vitro stimulation model (2021)

Abstract T cell immunity is vital for the control of viral infections. Cytotoxic CD8 T cells play a crucial role in eliminating virus-infected cells while CD4 helper T cells mediate host immune responses and promote B cells to secrete antibodies. For both, T cell recognition of viral antigens in the form of short peptides presented by HLA complexes is a prerequisite for T cell activation. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has become a global pandemic that has disrupted economies and resulted in an enormous burden on health care systems. Despite the worldwide intensive efforts on development of COVID-19 therapeutics, a safe and effective COVID-19 treatment is not yet available. In this study, we established an in vitro stimulation system in which peripheral blood mononuclear cells were treated with putative SARS-CoV-2 immunogenic peptides. T cell immune responses were measured using different quantitative flow cytometry panels that were designed for evaluating cytokine production or identifying T cell subsets. Evaluation of host immune responses with a suite of flow cytometric panels may prove to be useful in the study of COVID-19. For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Class 1 Laser Product. BD-23276 (v1.0) 1120 BD and the BD Logo are trademarks of Becton, Dickinson and Company. © 2020 BD. All rights reserved.
Dynamic behavior of the charge-to-voltage conversion in Si-drift detectors with integrated JFETs (2003)

We report on the transient behavior of the charge-to-voltage conversion of a silicon drift detector with an integrated JFET in a source follower configuration, suitable for X-ray spectroscopy and imaging applications. The experimental results are based on the measurements of the JFET's source voltage in the time domain. The dependence on count rate up to 600 kcts/s and on photon energy up to 15.7 keV are presented at operating temperatures around 20/spl deg/C. The charge collecting capacitance shunting the gate of the JFET is discharged by a continuous reset current, which is attributed to the I-V characteristic of the JFET's gate-to-channel junction. Its influence on the signal amplitude is discussed with respect to the voltage dependence of the charge-collecting capacitance. A set of analytical equations and an equivalent circuit fully describes the dependence of the mean source voltage, of the discharging current, and of the signal amplitude as a function of count rate and photon energy. The simulated responses show a good quantitative agreement with the measured characteristics.
Webcams, Interactive Index Maps, and Our Brave New World’s Brave New Globe (2000)

Intermittent video supplied by a webcam affords near-real-time images that can approximate the dynamic scenes of full-motion video. As map supplements, webcam images offer readily interpreted on-the-spot reports of traffic flow, crowdedness, cloudiness, scenic beauty (or ugliness), and other directly observable aspects of the physical and human landscapes. And as easily interpreted cartographic point symbols, webcam images offer a range of visual variables, including size, numerousness, texture, rate of change, and value. Readily integrated with the maps, photographs, other images and the narrative text of electronic atlases and atlas-like websites, webcam images depend upon maps in two ways: locator maps provide the spatial context without which many webcam images have little meaning, and index maps help viewers identify places for which webcam images are available. As a medium for monitoring landscapes and watching people—with or without the subject’s awareness and acquiescence—the webcam is symptomatic of electronic cartography’s newfound capacity as a technology of surveillance.