gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a Novel Sequence-Selective Epoxide-Containing DNA Cross-Linking Agent Based on the Pyrrolo[2,1-<i>c</i>][1,4]benzodiazepine System (1999)

Synthetic routes have been investigated to prepare a novel C8-epoxide-functionalized pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine 6 as a potential sequence-selective DNA cross-linking agent (Wilson et al. Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 36, 6333-6336). A successful synthesis was accomplished via a 10-step route involving a pro-N10-Fmoc cleavage method that should have general applicability to other pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) molecules containing acid- or nucleophile-sensitive groups. During the course of this work, a one-pot reductive cyclization procedure for the synthesis of PBD N10-C11 imines from nitro dimethyl acetals was also discovered, although this method results in C11a racemization which can reduce DNA binding affinity and cytotoxicity. The target epoxide 6 was shown by thermal denaturation studies to have a significantly higher DNA-binding affinity than the parent DC-81 (3) or the C8-propenoxy-PBD (15), which is structurally similar but lacks the epoxide moiety. The time course of effects upon thermal denaturation indicated a rapid initial binding phase followed by a slower phase consistent with the stepwise cross-linking of DNA observed for a difunctional agent. This was confirmed by an electrophoretic assay which demonstrated efficient induction of interstrand cross-links in plasmid DNA at concentrations >1 microM. Higher levels of interstrand cross-linking were observed at 24 h compared to 6 h incubation. A Taq polymerase stop assay indicated a preference for binding to guanine-rich sequences as predicted for bis-alkylation in the minor groove of DNA by epoxide and imine moieties. The pattern of stop sites could be partly rationalized by molecular modeling studies which suggested low-energy models to account for the observed binding behavior. The epoxide PBD 6 was shown to have significant cytotoxicity (45-60 nM) in the A2780, CH1, and CH1cis(R) human ovarian carcinoma cell lines and an IC(50) of 0.2 microM in A2780cis(R). The significant activity of 6 in the cisplatin-resistant CH1cis(R) cell line (IC(50) = 47 nM) gave a resistance factor of 0.8 compared to the parent cell line, demonstrating no cross-resistance with the major groove cross-linking agent cisplatin.
Systolic implementations of a move-to-front text compressor (1989)

Article Free Access Share on Systolic implementations of a move-to-front text compressor Authors: C. D. Thomborson Computer Science Department, University of Minnesota, 10 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota Computer Science Department, University of Minnesota, 10 University Drive, Duluth, MinnesotaView Profile , B. W.-Y. Wei Department of Electrical Engineering, San Jose State University, 1 Washington Square, San Jose, California Department of Electrical Engineering, San Jose State University, 1 Washington Square, San Jose, CaliforniaView Profile Authors Info & Claims SPAA '89: Proceedings of the first annual ACM symposium on Parallel algorithms and architecturesMarch 1989 Pages 283–290https://doi.org/10.1145/72935.72965Published:01 March 1989Publication History 5citation274DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads274Last 12 Months8Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
The use of selective silicide plugs for submicron contact fill (2003)

A novel contact fill scheme using a silicide plug has been developed. The scheme combines selective epitaxial Si growth (SEG) and silicide formation to form selective silicide contact plugs. Silicide plugs can be implemented in both n/sup +/ and p/sup +/ contacts with low contact resistance, high temperature stability, and good planarity. TEM and electrical measurements show that the above approach can be used to fill contact depth up to 1 mu m and contact aspect ratio up to 1. The lack of a silicidation stop and the incomplete epi-Si consumption are two issues to be solved. For deeper contacts or contacts with higher aspect ratio, postsilicidation plug implantations become necessary to guarantee low contact resistances.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Assignment of CD38, the gene encoding human leukocyte antigen CD38 (ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase), to chromosome 4p15 (1995)

CD38 has been used as a phenotype marker of lymphocyte differentiation. Recently, we have demonstrated that cyclic ADP-ribose can be synthesized and hydrolyzed by CD38 and acts as a second messenger in insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells. We have mapped the CD38 gene to human chromosome 4p15 by fluorescence in situ hybridization.
Antibody To Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Trough Levels and Half-Lives Do Not Differ After Intravenous and Intramuscular Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin Administration After Liver Transplantation (2008)

Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) administration remains an essential component of standard reinfection prophylaxis after liver transplantation for hepatitis B virus-related liver disease. Previous studies have suggested that intramuscular (IM) HBIG administration compared to intravenous (IV) HBIG administration may be cost-effective and dose-saving. To compare antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) kinetics after IV HBIG administration versus IM HBIG administration, 24 patients received 2000 IU of HBIG every 6 weeks over a study period of 48 weeks in a crossover design. HBIG was started intravenously in 12 patients (group A) and intramuscularly in 12 patients (group B). After 4 doses, at week 24 HBIG administration was switched from IM to IV and vice versa. Anti-HBs kinetics of 22 patients were evaluated. Mean anti-HBs levels measured 2, 4, and 6 weeks after each HBIG administration did not differ significantly (480 +/- 166, 319 +/- 126, and 221 +/- 106 IU/L after IV administration versus 457 +/- 166, 310 +/- 147, and 218 +/- 112 IU/L after IM administration). Half-lives of anti-HBs decline (IV, 25.5 +/- 6.0 days, versus IM, 24.7 +/- 6.2 days) and area under the curve values from week 2 to 6 (IV, 9.4 +/- 3.6 IU*day/mL, versus IM, 9.0 +/- 3.9 IU*day/mL) also showed no significant difference. Variation of anti-HBs levels after IV HBIG administration versus IM HBIG administration was neither significantly different within patients (intraindividual variance) nor between patients (interindividual variance). However, intraindividual variance was lower than interindividual variance after IV (P < 0.05) and IM (P < 0.05) HBIG administration at every time point (2, 4, and 6 weeks). In conclusion, IV HBIG administration and IM HBIG administration are equally effective with respect to the crucial pharmacokinetic parameters. That is, IM HBIG is not dose-saving; however, it may be cost-effective if the price per unit is lower. Individualized dosing intervals should be further evaluated as a cost-effective alternative to fixed dosing schemes.
Notes sur le texte (2000)

Les abréviations employées dans le texte et dans les notes sont les suivantes : Po : Apollinaire, Œuvres poétiques, édition établie et annotée par M. Adéma et M. Décaudin, Paris, Gallimard, 1965, (Bibliothèque de la Pléiade). Pr 1, 2,3 : Apollinaire, Œuvres en proses complètes, 3 volumes, Paris, Gallimard, (Bibliothèque de la Pléiade). Vol. 1, édition de Michel Décaudin, 1977 ; vol. 2, édition de Pierre Caizergues et Michel Décaudin, 1991 ; vol. 3, édition de Pierre Caizergues et Michel Décau...
Reactivity of a 2‘-Thio Nucleotide Analog (1996)

The chemical reactivity of ribonucleotide analog 2‘-deoxy-2‘-thiouridine 3‘-(p-nitrophenyl phosphate) (1), in which the 2‘ hydroxyl is replaced with a 2‘-thiol group, has been characterized. The major reaction pathway for 1, as monitored by 31P NMR spectroscopy, is transphosphorylation to afford 2‘,3‘-cyclic phosphorothioate 3, followed by hydrolysis of 3 to produce 2‘-deoxy-2‘-thiouridine 2‘-phosphorothioate (4). Thus, the reaction pathway of 1 is similar to that of the hydrolysis of ribonucleotides, yet there are significant differences. The pH−rate profile for transphosphorylation of 1 was determined by monitoring the formation of p-nitrophenol or p-nitrophenolate by UV−visible spectroscopy. Analysis of the profile reveals the attacking nucleophile to be thiolate, and the pKa of the 2‘-thiol was determined to be 8.3 ± 0.1. At pH 7.4, the thiol-containing ribonucleotide analog 1 is hydrolyzed at an observed rate 27-fold slower than its 2‘-hydroxyl counterpart. These results indicate that the rate of thiolate attack on the adjacent phosphodiester bond is 107-fold slower than that of the corresponding alkoxide. Thiolate nucleophiles, therefore, are remarkably reticent toward attack at electrophilic phosphate centers. In addition to providing new information about the reactivity of phosphodiester bonds, our studies highlight the potential of 2‘-thiol-containing nucleotides for the study of an array of RNA processes, especially those in which the 2‘-substituent plays a critical role.
Modelling micro-turbines using Hammerstein models (2005)

The Hammerstein model configuration, which includes a nonlinear static block followed by a linear dynamic block, is applied to model the static and dynamic characteristics of a micro-turbine. The parameters in the model can be extracted from the measurements of physical engines or from the simulations of physics-based models. In this paper, a nonlinear model is used to assist in the dynamic performance of the micro-turbine when connected to the grid as a distributed generator. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using algebraic functions of views for indexing-based object recognition (2002)

Current indexing-based approaches build the hash table using either a large number of reference views or 3D models. In this paper, we propose building the hash table using algebraic functions of views. During preprocessing, we consider groups of model points and we represent all the views (i.e., images) that they can produce in a hash table. These views are computed using algebraic functions of a small number of reference views which contain the group. Fundamental to this procedure is a methodology based on singular value decomposition and interval arithmetic for estimating the ranges of values that the parameters of algebraic functions can assume. During recognition, scene groups are used to retrieve from the hash table the model groups that might have produced them. Using algebraic functions of views for indexing-based recognition offers a number of advantages. First of all, the hash table can be built easier without requiring 3D models or a large number of reference views. Second, recognition does not rely on the similarities between new and reference views. Third, verification becomes simpler. Finally, the approach is more general and extendible.
Flow stress equation for multipass hot-rolling of aluminum alloys (2001)

A series of simple axisymmetric compression tests were carried out on the computer servo-controlled Gleeble 1 500 machine when strain rates ranged between 0.05-25 s-1 and deformation temperature 300-500 ℃. The results show that flow stress is related to the Zener-Hollonom parameter Z and strain, as well as the static recrystallization fraction between passes during multipass hot deformation of 5182 aluminum alloy. Hence, a modified exponential flow stress equation was presented by considering the values of lnA and β as functions of strain, and by using the uniform softening method and incorporating the static recrystallization fraction between passes to consider the effects of residual strain during multipass hot-rolling of 5182 aluminum alloy. The validity of the equation was examined by a typical non-isothermal multipass deformation test.
Catalytic dehydrochlorination of 3,4-dichloro-1-butene over cesium chloride supported on silica gel (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic dehydrochlorination of 3,4-dichloro-1-butene over cesium chloride supported on silica gelIsao Mochida, Tatsuro Miyazaki, and Hiroshi FujitsuCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1986, 25, 3, 496–499Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/i300023a023Request reuse permissionsArticle Views173Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (454 KB) Get e-Alerts
Isothermal Reactor for Continuous Flow Microwave-Assisted Chemical Reaction (2012)

An isothermal reactor in which reaction solutions can be controlled at constant temperature under constant microwave irradiation was developed. This is useful for investigating microwave effects on chemical reactions that are not observed under conventional heating conditions. We devised a structure in which a heat-transfer medium with a low dielectric loss factor, which hardly absorbs any microwaves, flowed outside a spiral reaction tube and designed the basic structure of the reactor using electromagnetic simulation to optimize the energy absorption rate. The conditions for increasing the temperature controlling ability of the reactor were also investigated theoretically and experimentally by taking into consideration the influences of three elements: the velocity of the internal fluid, the material for the tube, and the velocity of the external fluid. The velocity of the external fluid had the greatest influence on temperature controlling ability and the material for the tube had the least influence under the experimental conditions. The overall heat transfer coefficient was about 3.9×102 W/(m2·K) when water flowed through the quartz reaction tube at 7.1 mm/s and the external fluid flowed outside the tube at 44 mm/s. We also tested and confirmed that the temperature of water used as internal fluid could be controlled to within ±1.5 K at 309.3 K when microwaves at 26 W were irradiated into the reactor, whereas the temperature of water was over 373 K and boiled without the heat-transfer medium flowing outside the reaction tube using a conventional method of microwave heating. In addition, we investigated microwave effects on Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction using the developed isothermal reactor and we confirmed that the temperatures were controlled well in the reactor. The yields obtained by microwave heating were almost the same as that obtained by oil-bath heating.
A hybrid promoter and portable Shine-Dalgarno regions of Escherichia coli. (1983)

A gene expression system of Escherichia coli is described here that contains a portable Shine-Dalgarno region. Transcription of this system is under the direction of a hybrid promoter derived from trp and lac-UV5 promoter sequences which is followed by a region that encodes the portable Shine-Dalgarno (PSD) region. Using a series of synthetic PSD regions we varied the length (from 4 to 13 bases) of the Shine-Dalgarno region by increasing the number of bases on the mRNA that are complementary to the 3'-end of 16S rRNA. We found that increase of the Shine-Dalgarno region to 8 or 13 bases decreases the translation efficiency of the chimaeric leucocyte interferon messenger by 40%. We also varied in another series of PSD regions the four bases that follow the Shine-Dalgarno region. We found that the presence of four A residues or four T residues in this region results in the highest translation efficiency. The presence of four C residues reduces the translation efficiency by 50% as compared with PSD regions with A or T residues. The presence of four G residues following the Shine-Dalgarno region lowers the translation efficiency by 75% with respect to PSD regions with A or T residues.
MAGNETIC FIELD DESIGN AND CALCULATIONS FOR THE IBA C70 CYCLOTRON (2007)

Presently IBA designs and produces a 70 MeV cyclotron for radiochemistry and nuclear medicine (C70) [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. Main problems and solutions of the magnetic design and calculations are described. Two distinguished isochronous magnetic fields are necessary to accelerate both types of ions with charge to mass ratio q/m =1 /1(H − ) and 1/2(D − , α ,H H + ). The isochronous magnetic field for q/m =1 /1 is created by appropriate shimming of iron. The second isochronous magnetic field is obtained using correction coils wound around magnet poles. There are three sets of correction coils, each with their own separate power supply and with an adapted radial density of windings to obtain the required spatial magnetic field modification. Negativeions areextractedbystripping; positive ions through electrostatic deflection and a subsequent Gradient Correcting Extension. Both beams converge to the same switching magnet. Two special shaped iron pieces will be added onto each magnet pole to create favorable beam optics for both extracted beams.
Split-fabrication obfuscation: Metrics and techniques (2014)

Split-fabrication has been proposed as an approach for secure and trusted access to advanced microelectronics manufacturing capability using un-trusted sources. Each wafer to be manufactured is processed by two semiconductor foundries, combining the front-end capabilities of an advanced but untrusted semiconductor foundry with the back-end capabilities a trusted semiconductor foundry. Since the security of split fabrication relates directly to a front-end foundry's ability to interpret the partial circuit designs it receives, metrics are needed to evaluate the obfuscation of these designs as well as circuit design techniques to alter these metrics. This paper quantitatively examines several “front-end” obfuscation techniques and metrics inspired by information theory, and evaluates their impact on design effort, area, and performance penalties.
The importance of histologic grade in long-term prognosis of breast cancer: a study of 1,010 patients, uniformly treated at the Institut Gustave-Roussy. (1987)

In a study of 1,010 patients with solitary, unilateral, nonmetastatic breast cancer, the histologic grade, assessed by a multifactorial analysis (Cox model) to study its significance with other prognostic factors, was found to be an important, independent factor. For 612 operable patients, two laboratory characteristics, the number of histologically positive nodes and the histologic grade, were the most valuable predictors. These two factors alone form a predictive index that may be an excellent and simple guide for the clinical decision of subsequent therapy. For 398 patients with inoperable breast cancer (ie, tumor greater than or equal to 7 cm, N2-3, inflammatory, skin fixation, and clinically rapidly growing forms), the histologic grade (performed on drill or cutting needle biopsy) was again a most important (and with inflammatory forms the most important) predictor of prognosis in these patients. Our data support that performing our modified histoprognostic grading of Scarff and Bloom is simple, reproducible, incurs no additional cost, may be carried out in the simplest histology laboratory, and finally, defines an important risk factor in all patients. It should be routine for all breast cancer specimens. Furthermore, studies of adjuvant therapy should stratify patients for this variable.
Method for multilevel threshold of binarization in a hybrid joint Fourier-transform correlator (1993)

A hybrid system is proposed that performs joint transform correlation with a multireference by use of a self-generated threshold function.
High-Resolution Tactile Imaging Sensor Using Total Internal Reflection and Nonrigid Pattern Matching Algorithm (2011)

A novel tactile imaging sensor, that is capable of measuring the elasticity of the touched object, is designed, implemented, and tested. In the proposed sensor, a multilayer Polydimethylsiloxane optical waveguide has been fabricated as the sensing probe. The light is illuminated at the critical angle to totally reflect within the flexible and transparent waveguide. When a waveguide is compressed by an object, the contact area of the waveguide deforms and causes the light to scatter. The scattered light is captured by a high-resolution camera. To find the elastic modulus of a touched object, multiple tactile images are taken from slightly different loading force values. The applied force has been estimated using the integrated pixel values of the tactile image. The strain has been estimated by matching the series of tactile images using the proposed nonrigid pattern matching algorithm. The measurement method was validated by the commercial soft polymer samples with the known elastic modulus. The experimental results showed that the tactile imaging sensor can measure the elastic modulus with the error less than 5.38%.
Abstract: Gulf Coast Photogeologic Applications (1972)

ABSTRACT The Gulf Coast is an important province for photogeologic applications even though much of it is of low dip and low relief and often covered by Pleistocene terrace deposits. The Gulf Coast is a very active and dynamic province, characterized by clastic sediments that were laid down very rapidly. As a result the sediments are out of equilibrium and considerable compaction and settling has occured, which has formed many structures. It is this movement and adjustment, acting throughout geologic time, that allows a subsurface structure to continually propagate to the surface, where it can be detected by subtle photogeologic techniques. Photogeologic or photo geomorphic techniques, including analyses of drainage, topography, vegetation, deposition, and lineation, can definitively locate surface structures. A large number of oil and gas fields throughout the Gulf Coast have surface expression. Fields with good expression include those located in areas of current exploration interest, such as Sunniland and Felda in South Florida, Flomaton and Blackjack Creek in the Alabama-Florida Jurassic play, Edgewood and Fruitvale in East Texas, and Big Wells and Los Tiendos in Southwest Texas. Many other fields have good expression including Citronelle, Blacklake, Neale, Reyes, Mathis and North Government Wells to name a few. Normally, photogeologic interpretation must terminate at the coastlines, but a relatively new sonar-subsea mapping device now allows exploration to continue on into the shelf areas. The lnstitut Francais du Petrole, or IFP, has developed a wide-range scanning sonar that can provide sea-bottom sonar images that rival aerial photographs. End_of_Record - Last_Page 96--------