gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation of mixed-layer depth from surface parameters (2006)

Author Posting. © Sears Foundation for Marine Research, 2006. This article is posted here by permission of Sears Foundation for Marine Research for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Marine Research 64 (2006): 745-758, doi:10.1357/002224006779367285.
Cell signaling dependence of rapid glucocorticoid-induced endocannabinoid synthesis in hypothalamic neuroendocrine cells (2019)

Glucocorticoids induce a rapid synthesis of endocannabinoid in hypothalamic neuroendocrine cells by activation of a putative membrane receptor. Somato-dendritically released endocannabinoid acts as a retrograde messenger to suppress excitatory synaptic inputs to corticotropin-releasing hormone-, oxytocin-, and vasopressin-secreting cells. The non-genomic signaling mechanism responsible for rapid endocannabinoid synthesis by glucocorticoids has yet to be fully characterized. Here we manipulated cell signaling molecules pharmacologically using an intracellular approach to elucidate the signaling pathway activated by the membrane glucocorticoid receptor in hypothalamic neuroendocrine cells. We found that rapid glucocorticoid-induced endocannabinoid synthesis in magnocellular neuroendocrine cells requires the sequential activation of multiple kinases, phospholipase C, and intracellular calcium mobilization. While there remain gaps in our understanding, our findings reveal many of the critical players in the rapid glucocorticoid signaling that culminates in the retrograde endocannabinoid modulation of excitatory synaptic transmission.
Detection of sensor abrupt faults in aircraft control systems (2004)

A weak model based method for the detection of sensor abrupt faults in aircraft control systems is introduced. The method is characterized by simplicity and the capability of operating exclusively upon a single monitored signal. It is based upon the fact that abrupt faults are characterized by time constants much smaller than those of the aircraft, and employs signal non-stationarity removal, signal whitening, and statistical decision making for fault detection. Attention is paid to the identification of electronic spikes and glitches, and their distinction from actual sensor faults. The method is implemented within the synthetic environment of a small commercial aircraft, which provides for sensor noise, wind effects, turbulence, and aircraft maneuvering, and is successfully assessed via abrupt faults occurring in an angle-of-attack (AoA) sensor.
1. Pourquoi est-il difficile de définir le vieillissement ? (2004)

L’article analyse comment huit groupes biopharmaceutiques articulent la bio-informatique et la vaccinologie dans leurs processus de R&D à la veille de la crise de la COVID-19. Pour ce faire, deux lectures structurales sont utilisées : des graphes de citations pour retracer les interdépendances technologiques et des graphes de co-présences pour mesurer la cohérence interne des bases de connaissances de ces entreprises. La notion de co-développement constitue le cœur conceptuel, méthodologique et empirique de l’étude. Les résultats révèlent une forte hétérogénéité dans le choix des formes du co-développement technologique dans ces entreprises. La bio-informatique sert surtout d’input ponctuel pour plusieurs d’entre elles. Une boucle d’amélioration continue entre bio-informatique et vaccins n’apparaît que chez Sanofi. Cette entreprise est également la seule à inclure ces technologies dans la même communauté cohérente de brevets. Code JEL : O32, L65
Improving arc detection in graphics recognition (2002)

In the context of graphics recognition, arc detection consist in the extraction of circles and arcs from the image of a graphics document or from the segments yielded by its vectorization. Several methods have been proposed for this purpose, and we briefly survey them. Then, we describe an improved algorithm inspired by two existing methods, and including a fitting step for better precision.
Studies of a Relative Permeability Modifier Treatment Performed Using Multitap Flow Cells (2000)

Abstract Relative permeability modifier (RPM) treatments are designed to (1) reduce the quantity of water produced from the formation or (2) reduce the water-oil ratio (WOR) of the produced fluids without significantly damaging the hydrocarbon-production potential of the zone. Ideally, the RPM chemical should alter the flow properties of the fluids traveling through pore spaces rather than block the pore spaces. However, the laboratory methods and procedures typically used for evaluating RPM's are actually modified versions of those used for evaluating full blocking agents. The RPM effect is measured by determining the changes in the drag forces through the pore throats to specific fluids (water, oil, and gas) rather than simply blocking the pore throats to the flow of all fluids. Therefore, a different approach was used in the physical-model flow-testing procedure. Flow studies were performed to measure the effectiveness of RPM treatments at distinct points throughout the core as the fluids traveled through rock test cores. The following water- and oil-saturation levels were examined: 100% water water with residual oil oil with residual water Permeability was varied between −2000 md and 20 md. Placement procedures were also varied. Some tests included single cores; others included treatments of two cores arranged to represent parallel flow stringers within a formation. The two cores, arranged in parallel, were saturated using a method to best represent the type of layer desired; one core represented a water layer, and the other represented an oil layer. A bullhead technique was used for placing the RPM chemical. Both carbonate and sandstone lithologies were examined. This paper compares the results of conventional testing methods to those of testing methods used for the multipressure tap flow procedure. The results illustrate the importance of examining fluid flow throughout the length of the formation rock sample instead of simply evaluating a single measurement across the entire core. By using a multipressure tap flow cell to determine the effect of permeability changes throughout the length of the core, it was possible to help prevent the observed data from being skewed by "end" effects. This paper also describes laboratory procedures and schematics of the physical laboratory-scale model. Operators can use this information to (1) determine whether an RPM treatment can be applied to water-production problems resulting from sources such as coning and high-permeability streaks, (2) assess the potential damage to hydrocarbon production caused by such treatments, and (3) calculate the treatment volumes necessary for addressing different types of water-production problems.
Wafer Level Processing on Re-built Wafer for Chip Staking (2006)

Chip stacking has emerged as the best solution to reduce the packaging size (Karnezos, 2004). Several approaches are proposed by companies and laboratories and each of them presents specific advantages and drawbacks (Tummala, 2004). Today, major 3D applications are stacked memory DRAM, SRAM or flash. Moreover, cost acts as a brake on 3D expansion in SiP and further developments are necessary to reduce the packaging cost. One clearly identified way is to perform collective processes. New developments on wafer level packaging and 3D packaging are lead in a European project (called Walpack) (Poupon, 2004; Souriau, 2005) to fulfil the requirement of the company 3D-PLUS. The proposed technology aims to realise 3D modules, as 3D-PLUS already produces, but using ultra thin components inside. To realise such module, the original approach consist in reconstituting a wafer with the active sides aligned in the same plane, embedded in a resin which gives the wafer its mechanical consistency. The known good re-built chips are then stacked and 3D interconnected by means of the patented 3D-PLUS process
Higher order reconstruction for MRI in the presence of spatiotemporal field perturbations (2011)

Despite continuous hardware advances, MRI is frequently subject to field perturbations that are of higher than first order in space and thus violate the traditional k-space picture of spatial encoding. Sources of higher order perturbations include eddy currents, concomitant fields, thermal drifts, and imperfections of higher order shim systems. In conventional MRI with Fourier reconstruction, they give rise to geometric distortions, blurring, artifacts, and error in quantitative data. This work describes an alternative approach in which the entire field evolution, including higher order effects, is accounted for by viewing image reconstruction as a generic inverse problem. The relevant field evolutions are measured with a third-order NMR field camera. Algebraic reconstruction is then formulated such as to jointly minimize artifacts and noise in the resulting image. It is solved by an iterative conjugate-gradient algorithm that uses explicit matrix-vector multiplication to accommodate arbitrary net encoding. The feasibility and benefits of this approach are demonstrated by examples of diffusion imaging. In a phantom study, it is shown that higher order reconstruction largely overcomes variable image distortions that diffusion gradients induce in EPI data. In vivo experiments then demonstrate that the resulting geometric consistency permits straightforward tensor analysis without coregistration.
KINETICS OF THE REACTION OF RENIN WITH NINE SYNTHETIC PEPTIDE SUBSTRATES (1968)

A number of peptides have been synthesized which represent portions of the tetradecapeptide renin substrate molecule, and which contain the hydrolyzable leu-leu bond. An automatic chemical method for determination of the velocity of the reaction of renin with these compounds was developed. Application of the method at several levels of substrate concentration permitted construction of Lineweaver-Burk plots, and calculation of Michaelis constants (K(m)) and maximal velocities (V(max)). The results show that the maximum affinity of the enzyme (lowest K(m)) for substrate is achieved only with the full tetradecapeptide molecule (asp(1)-arg(2)-val(3)-tyr(4)-ileu(5)-his(6)-pro(7)-phe(8)-his(9)-leu(10)-leu(11)-val(12)-tyr(13)-ser(14)). Removal of asp(1) and arg(2) from the N-terminal increases the K(m) eight-fold. Further, moderate increase in K(m) occurs when the next amino acids, val(3), tyr(4) and ileu(5), are removed. The further removal of his(6) results in a marked reduction in the V(max). Removal of ser(14) from the C-terminal of the nonapeptide his(6)-pro(7)-phe(8)-his(9)-leu(10)-leu(11)-val(12)-tyr(13)-ser(14) does not greatly affect the K(m) nor the V(max). Further removal of tyr(13) from this compound results in complete loss of substrate activity. It is suggested that the compounds his(6)-pro(7)-phe(8)-his(9)-leu(10)-leu(11)-val(12)-tyr(13)-ser(14) or his(6)-pro(7)-phe(8)-his(9)-leu(10)-leu(11)-val(12)-tyr(13) might be used as substrates for the chemical assay and standardization of renin.
Restorable Type Conversion of Carbon Nanotube Transistor Using Pyrolytically Controlled Antioxidizing Photosynthesis Coenzyme (2009)

Abstract Here, a pyrolytically controlled antioxidizing photosynthesis coenzyme, β ‐Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced dipotassium salt (NADH) for a stable n‐type dopant for carbon nanotube (CNT) transistors is proposed. A strong electron transfer from NADH, mainly nicotinamide, to CNTs takes place during pyrolysis so that not only the type conversion from p‐type to n‐type is realized with 100% of reproducibility but also the on/off ratio of the transistor is significantly improved by increasing on‐current and/or decreasing off‐current. The device was stable up to a few months with negligible current changes under ambient conditions. The n‐type characteristics were completely recovered to an initial doping level after reheat treatment of the device.
Dynamic Compilation Framework with DVS for Reducing Energy Consumption in Embedded Processors (2008)

Dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) is an effective technique for reducing the energy consumption in embedded systems. There are several advantages using DVS technique into compiler framework. This paper present a framework for reducing energy consumption in embedded processors using the dynamic compiler collaborate with DVS technique. Two algorithms are implemented in this framework, and the framework is implemented using the Intel PIN systems and is deployed in a real hardware platform. Experimental results based on the software and hardware platform, show that significant energy saving are achieved while performance loss less than 5%.
Additive Cytotoxic Effect of Apoptin and Chemotherapeutic Agents Paclitaxel and Etoposide on Human Tumour Cells (2006)

Gene therapy experiments in animal models have shown that apoptin expression results in tumour regression without any significant side effects. Therefore, apoptin is regarded as a potential anticancer drug for clinical applications. In this study, we analysed whether chemotherapeutic agents combined with apoptin treatment could result in enhanced cytotoxicity in human tumour cell cultures. Combined treatment with recombinant adenovirus AdAptVP3 expressing apoptin and etoposide clearly showed an additive cytotoxic effect on human osteosarcoma U2OS cells. Paclitaxel treatment combined with apoptin expression significantly inhibited the survival of p53-positive human osteosarcoma U2OS and non-small lung carcinoma A549 cells, p53-negative human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells and p53-mutant human prostate cancer Du145 cells, already at low doses of the chemotherapeutic agent. Our results indicate that the cytotoxicity-enhancing action by the tumour-specific apoptin in combination with chemotherapeutic agents might offer an effective and safe antitumour therapeutics.
Experimental studies on the system phlogopite-manganese phlogopite at 1,10 and 20kbar and 750.DEG.C. in presence of excess water under NNO buffer conditions. (1998)

High pressure and temperature experiments have been done in the KMg3AlSi3O10(OH)2(phlogopite; Ph)-KMn3AlSi3O10(OH)2 (manganese phiogopite; MnPh) system under 1, 10, and 20 kbar at 750°C under NNO buffer conditions. The phases coexisting with phlogopite at 1 kbar include leucite, olivine, pyroxenoid, and manganese oxide. At 10 kbar, the equilibrium phases include phiogopite, olivine, manganese oxide, pyroxenoid, leucite and melt. At 20 kbar, they are phlogopite, olivine, pyroxenoid, manganese oxide and melt. The extent of solid solution of manganese phlogopite systematically increases with the increase of pressure and extent of solid solution being 17, 37, and 43 mol.% at 1, 10 and 20 kbar respectively.
Facilitated Monocyte-Macrophage Uptake and Tissue Distribution of Superparmagnetic Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles (2009)

Facilitated uptake of coated SPIO in monocytes and MDM was achieved. Uptake was linked to particle size and was time and concentration dependent. The ability of SPIO to be rapidly taken up and distributed into lymphoid tissues also demonstrates feasibility of macrophage-targeted nanoformulations for diagnostic and drug therapy.
Parallel Rescoring with Transformer for Streaming On-Device Speech Recognition (2020)

Recent advances of end-to-end models have outperformed conventional models through employing a two-pass model. The two-pass model provides better speed-quality trade-offs for on-device speech recognition, where a 1st-pass model generates hypotheses in a streaming fashion, and a 2nd-pass model re-scores the hypotheses with full audio sequence context. The 2nd-pass model plays a key role in the quality improvement of the end-to-end model to surpass the conventional model. One main challenge of the two-pass model is the computation latency introduced by the 2nd-pass model. Specifically, the original design of the two-pass model uses LSTMs for the 2nd-pass model, which are subject to long latency as they are constrained by the recurrent nature and have to run inference sequentially. In this work we explore replacing the LSTM layers in the 2nd-pass rescorer with Transformer layers, which can process the entire hypothesis sequences in parallel and can therefore utilize the on-device computation resources more efficiently. Compared with an LSTM-based baseline, our proposed Transformer rescorer achieves more than 50% latency reduction with quality improvement.
Pattern recognition and cellular immune responses to novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis-antigens in individuals from Belarus (2012)

PBMCs from healthy individuals and those recovered from TB recognized a broader spectrum of M.tb antigens as compared to patients with TB. The nature of the pattern recognition of a broad panel of M.tb antigens will devise better strategies to identify improved diagnostics gauging previous exposure to M.tb; it may also guide the development of improved TB-vaccines.
Adaptive Approximation by Piecewise Linear Polynomials on Triangulations of Subsets of Scattered Data (1992)

Given a set V of data points in $R^2 $ with corresponding data values, the problem of adaptive piecewise polynomial approximation is to choose a subset of points of V, to create a triangulation of this subset, and to define a piecewise linear surface over the triangulation such that the deviation of this surface from the data set is no more than a prescribed error tolerance. A typical numerical scheme starts with some initial triangulation and adds more points (and triangles) as necessary until the resulting piecewise linear surface satisfies the error bound. In this paper two ingredients of such schemes are discussed. The first problem is that of constructing a suitable triangulation of a subset of points. The use of data-dependent triangulations that depend on the given function values at the data points is discussed, and some data-dependent criteria for optimizing a triangulation are presented and compared to the Delaunay criterion leading to the well-known Delaunay triangulation traditionally used for this purpose. The second problem addressed in this paper is how to select a piecewise linear surface approximating the given data. A common approach is to use an interpolating surface, i.e., to require that the surface interpolates the data at the nodes of the triangulation. In this paper the least-square approximation to the data from the space of piecewise linear polynomials defined over a triangulation of a subset of V is used. It is proved that the matrix of the normal equations is always nonsingular and a bound for its condition number is derived. This bound is relatively low, hence the least-square surface can be computed by solving the normal equations, e.g., by the conjugate gradient scheme with no preconditioning. Various numerical experiments demonstrate the improvement in the quality of the approximation when certain data-dependent triangulations are used. Improvement is also reported when least-square surfaces are compared to interpolating surfaces.
Towards a structural load testing tool (1996)

Load sensitive faults cause a program to fail when it is executed under a heavy load or over a long period of time, but may have no detrimental effect under small loads or short executions. In addition to testing the functionality of these programs, testing how well they perform under stress is very important. Current approaches to stress, or load, testing treat the system as a black box, generating test data based on parameters specified by the tester within an operational profile. In this paper, we advocate a structural approach to load testing. There exist many structural testing methods; however, their main goal is generating test data for executing all statements, branches, definition-use pairs, or paths of a program at least once, without consideration for executing any particular path extensively.Our initial work has focused on the identification of potentially load sensitive modules based on a static analysis of the module's code, and then limiting the stress testing to the regions of the modules that could be the potential causes of the load sensitivity. This analysis will be incorporated into a testing tool for structural load testing which takes a program as input, and automatically determines whether that program needs to be load tested, and if so, automatically generates test data for structural load testing of the program.
Regulated association between the tyrosine kinase Emt/Itk/Tsk and phospholipase-C gamma 1 in human T lymphocytes. (1999)

The Emt/Itk/Tsk tyrosine kinase is involved in intracellular signaling events induced by several lymphocyte surface receptors. Modulation of TCR/CD3-induced phospholipase-C gamma 1 (PLC gamma 1) activity by the tyrosine kinase Emt/Itk/Tsk has been demonstrated based on studies of Itk-deficient murine T lymphocytes. Here we report a TCR/CD3-regulated association between Emt and PLC gamma 1 in both normal and leukemic T cells. In addition, this association was enhanced following independent ligation of the CD2, CD4, or CD28 costimulatory molecules, but not of CD5 or CD6 surface receptors, correlating to the induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Emt. Before Ab-induced T cell activation, we found that the Emt-SH3 domain was crucial for the constitutive Emt/PLC gamma 1 association; however, upon TCR/CD3 engagement, the Emt-SH2 domain was more efficient in mediating the enhanced Emt/PLC gamma 1 interaction. Furthermore, the PLC gamma 1-SH3 domain, but not the two PLC gamma 1-SH2 domains, contributed to formation of the protein complex. Thus, we describe a regulated interaction between Emt and PLC gamma 1, and based on our studies with individual Emt and PLC gamma 1 SH2/SH3 domains, we propose a mechanism for this association.
Genome-Wide Search of Human Genes Implicated in WNT Signaling Pathway Using Bioinformatics (2002)

WNT signaling pathway is implicated in carcinogenesis, embryogenesis and organogenesis [4]. WNTs are a family of secreted-type glycoproteins with 22∼24 conserved cysteine residues. WNT signals are transduced through seven-transmembrane-type WNT receptors encoded by Frizzled (FZD) genes to the β-catenin TCF pathway, the JNK pathway, or the Ca2+-releasing pathway. Gain-of-function mutations of positive regulators of the WNT β-catenin pathway or loss-of-function mutations of negative regulators of the WNT β-catenin pathway leads to carcinogenesis through transcriptional activation of WNT target genes, such as c-MYC, Cyclin D1, and WISP1. Because WNT signaling molecules are potent targets of pharmacogenomics in the field of clinical oncology and regenerative medicine, we have so far cloned and characterized more than 30 human genes encoding WNT signaling molecules using homology-based gene-finding approach.
Photon counting spectral CT component analysis of coronary artery atherosclerotic plaque samples (2014)

Photon counting spectral CT is a promising technique to identify plaque components by analysing differences in iodine-based contrast agent concentration, photoelectric attenuation and Compton scattering.
A Review of the Emerging Role of Silk for the Treatment of the Eye (2018)

Silk is a remarkable biopolymer with a long history of medical use. Silk fabrications have a robust track record for load-bearing applications, including surgical threads and meshes, which are clinically approved for use in humans. The progression of top-down and bottom-up engineering approaches using silk as the basis of a drug delivery or cell-loaded matrix helped to re-ignite interest in this ancient material. This review comprehensively summarises the current applications of silk for tissue engineering and drug delivery, with specific reference to the eye. Additionally, the review also covers emerging trends for the use of silk as a biologically active biopolymer for the treatment of eye disorders. The review concludes with future capabilities of silk to contribute to advanced, electronically-enhanced ocular drug delivery concepts.