gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study of the Mechanism and Kinetics of the Thioacetamide Hydrolysis Reaction<sup>1</sup> (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Study of the Mechanism and Kinetics of the Thioacetamide Hydrolysis Reaction1Donald Rosenthal and T. Ivan TaylorCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 11, 2684–2690Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01568a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01568a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views851Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Survival and Growth in the Presence of Elevated Copper: Transcriptional Profiling of Copper-Stressed <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2006)

Transcriptional profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exposed to two separate copper stress conditions were determined. Actively growing bacteria subjected to a pulse of elevated copper for a short period of time was defined as a "copper-shocked" culture. Conversely, copper-adapted populations were defined as cells actively growing in the presence of elevated copper. Expression of 405 genes changed in the copper-shocked culture, compared to 331 genes for the copper-adapted cultures. Not surprisingly, there were genes identified in common to both conditions. For example, both stress conditions resulted in up-regulation of genes encoding several active transport functions. However, there were some interesting differences between the two types of stress. Only copper-adapted cells significantly altered expression of passive transport functions, down-regulating expression of several porins belonging to the OprD family. Copper shock produced expression profiles suggestive of an oxidative stress response, probably due to the participation of copper in Fenton-like chemistry. Copper-adapted populations did not show such a response. Transcriptional profiles also indicated that iron acquisition is fine-tuned in the presence of copper. Several genes induced under iron-limiting conditions, such as the siderophore pyoverdine, were up-regulated in copper-adapted populations. Interesting exceptions were the genes involved in the production of the siderophore pyochelin, which were down-regulated. Analysis of the copper sensitivity of select mutant strains confirmed the array data. These studies suggest that two resistance nodulation division efflux systems, a P-type ATPase, and a two-component regulator were particularly important for copper tolerance in P. aeruginosa.
Shallow Angle Wave Profiling Lidar (2007)

A lidar scanning system is described that is primarily designed to measure sea wave shape. The device is capable of measuring real-time spatial profiles over distances of hundreds of meters, and as the lidar must inevitably operate from modest elevations (e.g., from a vessel’s masthead), it is inherently a very shallow angle metrology device. This results in a highly nonuniform distribution of the wave elevation values. The vertical and horizontal resolution is primarily set by the characteristics of the optical system employed and range/data capacity is set by signal-to-noise ratio considerations. Illustrative data are presented as consecutive profiles taken 0.2 s apart for highly trochoidal waves under conditions where the height was recorded to ±0.03 m and horizontal sample separation to ±0.025 m. A comparison is presented with traditional wave staff measurements.
Studies on Chemotherapeutical Drugs. V. : Preparation of 5-Methylsulfonylfuran Derivatives and Their Antimicrobial Activities (1969)

5-Methylthio-2-furaldehyde (III) was obtained by the application of phosphoryl chloride and dimethylformamide to 2-methylthiofuran (II). Oxidation of III with hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid gave 5-methylsulfonyl-2-furoic acid (VIII). Compounds listed in Chart 1 were prepared from III and VIII, and antimicrobial activities of these compounds in vitro were tested (Table I).
High density pin board matrix switches for automated MDF systems (1992)

High-density, low-cost pin board matrix switches for automated main distributing frame (MDF) systems are described. The MDF system has two basic functions, cross connection and route setting for line test functions. These two functions can be performed automatically using a robot hand to insert a connecting pin into a crosspoint hole on the matrix board. Each crosspoint hole has four isolated cylindrical contacts that are connected to X/sub A/, Y/sub A/, X/sub B/, and Y/sub B/ conductive patterns, which represent the A and B wires of a telephone set circuit. Corresponding to the four contacts of a crosspoint hole, a connecting pin has two spring contacts, one spring contact to connect X/sub A/ and Y/sub A/ conductive patterns, and the other for connecting X/sub B/ and Y/sub B/ conductive patterns. In addition, arrangements have been made to perform the route setting for line testing. A matrix board with crosspoint holes on a 1.5-mm grid has been attained using the low-contact-force design and minimum insulation spacing between the neighboring conductive patterns. The design also considers requirements for the robot hand interface. These pin board matrix switches allow the MDF system to be automated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Winds of Change: The University in Search of Itself (1990)

This article discusses the role of metropolitan universities with respect to several broad national Issues. These Issues, It Is argued, take precedence over the kinds of local and regional matters that would ordinarily be the subject of university outreach efforts. The conflict between liberal arts and professional education is examined as a constraint on a university's outreach function. The administration of a metropolitan university must make clear its commitment to the mission of outreach. Because it Is a new type of university, It should be able to generate new Imaginative methods and programs of Interaction with the surrounding area.
Meta‐Liquid Crystals: Tunable Meta‐Liquid Crystals (Adv. Mater. 8/2016) (2016)

Meta-liquid crystals (MLCs), a novel form of tunable 3D metamaterials, are proposed and demonstrated by M. Liu and co-workers as described on page 1553. The response of the MLCs can be switched by changing the orientation of the meta-molecules with a biased electric field. In comparison to conventional liquid crystals, there is considerable freedom to prescribe the electromagnetic properties through the judicious design of the meta-atom geometry.
Surgical Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale in Cryptogenic Stroke Patients (1997)

Although PFO is easily repairable in patients with crytogenic stroke, its closure does not consistently prevent recurrence of ischemic events. The recurrence appears to occur more frequently in older cryptogenic stroke patients.
The repopulation potential of fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells in mice exceeds that of their liver adult bone marrow counterparts (1996)

Varying, limiting numbers of unseparated or purified cells (Ly-5.1), either from 14.5-day-old fetal liver (FL) or from adult bone marrow (BM) were coinjected with 10(5) unseparated BM cells (Ly-5.2) into lethally irradiated adult C57B1/6 recipients (Ly-5.2). The kinetics of donor cell repopulation of the lymphoid and myeloid compartments by Ly-5.1+ donor hematopoietic stem cells (ie, competitive repopulation units [CRU]) were monitored at various time points after the transplantation by Ly-5 analysis of the peripheral white blood cells (WBC). Recipients that had received on average less than 2 adult BM or FL CRU did not show a significant difference in the level of donor-reconstitution when analyzed 4 weeks after the transplantation, However, at 8 and 16 weeks, the FL recipients showed a significantly higher percentage of donor-derived nucleated peripheral blood cells than did the recipients of adult BM cells. Analysis of individual mice showed that approximately 80% of the recipients of FL CRU showed an increase in mature WBC output between 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation, whereas this occurred in less than 40% in the recipients of adult BM cells. In addition to this effect on mature cell output, the cellularity of the reconstituted BM was significantly higher in recipients of FL CRU than in recipients of adult BM CRU, even at 7 to 9 months after transplantation, which is consistent with an increased clonal expansion of FL CRU. When marrow cells from primary recipients of FL CRU were injected into secondary recipients, a significantly higher percentage of these mice showed donor-reconstitution of their lymphoid and myeloid compartments (P < .01) and to a greater extent (P < .008) as compared with mice that had received marrow cells from primary recipients of similar numbers of adult BM CRU. Taken together, these results show that individual FL CRU exhibit a greater proliferative activity in vivo than similar cells from adult BM that is accompanied by a greater production of daughter CRU.
Natriuretic hormone receptors and actions on bone endothelial cells (1993)

[125I]Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was used to identify ANP receptors on a clonal line of bovine bone endothelial (BBE) cells. Specific binding of [125I]ANP was saturable and of high affinity. Computer analysis of the equilibrium binding data indicated that the Scatchard plots are best fit by a straight line (Kd = 69.3 +/- 20.9 pM; binding capacity = 37.9 fmol/10(6) cells). The order of potency for competing with [125I]ANP binding was human ANP (hANP) > rat atriopeptin-1 (rAP-1) > porcine brain natriuretic peptide (pBNP) > porcine C-type natriuretic peptide. Affinity cross-linking studies indicated the presence of two major 130- and 70-kilodalton bands that specifically bound to hANP, rAP-1, pBNP, and porcine C-type natriuretic peptide. The binding of natriuretic peptides to BBE cells resulted in an increase in cGMP production and a significant decrease in Na+/K+/Cl- cotransport, without effects on cAMP intracellular accumulation. hANP, rAP-1, and pBNP at 100-nM concentrations, significantly inhibited PTH-induced cAMP production. Treatment with natriuretic hormones was also associated with an increase in 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha levels in the culture medium of BBE cells and a higher cell growth rate. These studies demonstrate that bone endothelial cells bear receptors for natriuretic hormones associated with changes in PTH-induced cAMP production, prostaglandin production, and cell proliferation.
A new agent for the treatment of noninfectious uveitis: rationale and design of three LUMINATE (Lux Uveitis Multicenter Investigation of a New Approach to Treatment) trials of steroid-sparing voclosporin (2008)

Uveitis is an inflammatory, putative Th1-mediated autoimmune disease that affects various parts of the eye and is a leading cause of visual loss. Currently available therapies are burdened with toxicities and/or lack definitive evidence of efficacy. Voclosporin, a rationally designed novel calcineurin inhibitor, exhibits a favorable safety profile, a strong correlation between pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic response, and a wide therapeutic window. The LUMINATE (Lux Uveitis Multicenter Investigation of a New Approach to TrEatment) clinical development program was initiated in 2007 to assess the safety and efficacy of voclosporin for the treatment, maintenance, and control of all forms of noninfectious uveitis. If LUMINATE is successful, voclosporin will become the first Food and Drug Administration-approved corticosteroid-sparing agent for this condition.
Chloride Secretion by the Intestinal Epithelium: Molecular Basis and Regulatory Aspects (2000)

Chloride secretion is the major determinant of mucosal hydration throughout the gastrointestinal tract, and chloride transport is also pivotal in the regulation of fluid secretion by organs that drain into the intestine. Moreover, there are pathological consequences if chloride secretion is either reduced or increased such as in cystic fibrosis and secretory diarrhea, respectively. With the molecular cloning of many of the proteins and regulatory factors that make up the chloride secretory mechanism, there have been significant advances in our understanding of this process at the cellular level. Similarly, emerging data have clarified the intercellular relationships that govern the extent of chloride secretion. The goal of our article is to review this area of investigation, with an emphasis on recent developments and their implications for the physiology and pathophysiology of chloride transport.
Velocity obstacles for Dubins-like mobile robots (2017)

The paper deals with the motion planning problem for Dubins-like mobile robots in dynamic environment. Velocity obstacles (VO) method and its non-linear version (NLVO) can be applied for planning a collision-free trajectory for a robot moving among static and dynamic obstacles, whose positions and velocity vectors are supposed to be known. VO and NLVO algorithms determine a velocity vector for the robot which corresponds not necessarily to the orientation of the robot, hence a Dubins-like mobile robot cannot apply it exactly. In this paper we present a method similar to NLVO, but it results motions feasible for Dubins-like robots. Longitudinal velocities and radii of turning circles are calculated, which ensure collision-free motion if the movement of the obstacles are known for some time-horizon.
Visible Luminescence of Water-Soluble Monolayer-Protected Gold Clusters (2001)

A highly efficient, visible wavelength (λMAX = 700 to 800 nm) fluorescence is reported for four water-soluble monolayer-protected gold clusters (MPCs). For 451 nm excitation, the quantum yield of the luminescence of MPCs with 1.8 nm diameter cores and protected by monolayers of tiopronin thiolate is estimated as 0.003 ± 0.001. The efficiency and wavelength of the luminescence vary with the ligands of the monolayer around the gold core. The mechanism for the luminescence is hypothesized to be associated with interband transitions between the filled 5d10 band and 6(sp)1 conduction band.
Inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening: a new paradigm for myocardial preconditioning? (2002)

One interpretation of these data is that IPC and mitochondrial K(ATP) channel activation may protect the myocardium by inhibiting MPTP opening at reperfusion.
Mobile and Wireless Communications for IMT‐Advanced and Beyond (2011)

A timely addition to the understanding of IMT-Advanced, this book places particular emphasis on the new areas which IMT-Advanced technologies rely on compared with their predecessors. These latest areas include Radio Resource Management, Carrier Aggregation, improved MIMO support and Relaying.Each technique is thoroughly described and illustrated before being surveyed in context of the LTE-Advanced standards. The book also presents state-of-the-art information on the different aspects of the work of standardization bodies (such as 3GPP and IEEE), making global links between them.Explores the latest research innovations to assess the future of the LTE standardCovers the latest research techniques for beyond IMT-Advanced such as Coordinated multi-point systems (CoMP), Network Coding, Device-to-Device and Spectrum SharingContains key information for researchers from academia and industry, engineers, regulators and decision makers working on LTE-Advanced and beyond
Metal Carbide-Carbon Eutectic and Peritectic Fixed Points as High-Temperature Standards (2006)

TiC-C eutectic and WC-C peritectic systems were investigated for their potential of serving as high-temperature reference points in thermometry. Mixtures of high-purity graphite powder with Ti and W were filled in graphite crucibles and melting/freezing plateaus were observed by means of a radiation thermometer. The observed melting range of WC-C peritectic was roughly 0.1 K with repeatability of 0.02 K. The melting range of TiC-C eutectic was roughly 0.5 K with repeatability of 0.09 K. The freezing curve of TiC-C showed a sharp peak after recovery from supercool, followed by a gently-sloped curve, probably due to composition of eutectic ingot or impurities. WC-C peritectic seems to have more potential as high-temperature standards, although it is still at a preliminary stage of investigation
Current bioinformatics tools in genomic biomedical research (Review) (2006)

On the advent of a completely assembled human genome, modern biology and molecular medicine stepped into an era of increasingly rich sequence database information and high-throughput genomic analysis. However, as sequence entries in the major genomic databases currently rise exponentially, the gap between available, deposited sequence data and analysis by means of conventional molecular biology is rapidly widening, making new approaches of high-throughput genomic analysis necessary. At present, the only effective way to keep abreast of the dramatic increase in sequence and related information is to apply biocomputational approaches. Thus, over recent years, the field of bioinformatics has rapidly developed into an essential aid for genomic data analysis and powerful bioinformatics tools have been developed, many of them publicly available through the World Wide Web. In this review, we summarize and describe the basic bioinformatics tools for genomic research such as: genomic databases, genome browsers, tools for sequence alignment, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) databases, tools for ab initio gene prediction, expression databases, and algorithms for promoter prediction.
OSMOTIC PUMP DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A NOVAL APPROACH (2013)

Conventional drug delivery systems have little control over their drug release and almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. The major problem associated with conventional drug delivery system is unpredictable plasma concentrations. Controlled drug delivery systems offer spatial control over the drug release. Osmotic pumps are most promising systems for controlled drug delivery. These systems are used for both oral administration and implantation. The present review is concerned with the study of drug release systems which are tablets coated with walls of controlled porosity. . Osmotic pump uses the basic principle of osmosis for release of drug(s). Osmotic pumps consist of an inner core containing drug and osmogens, coated with a semi permeable membrane. As the core absorbs water, it expands in volume, which pushes the drug solution out through the delivery ports. Osmotic pumps release drug at a rate that is independent of the pH and hydrodynamics of the dissolution medium. Various patents available for osmotic drug delivery system like Rose-Nelson pump, Higuchi-leeper pump, higuchi-theeuwes pump and elementary osmotic pump. In this paper, various types of osmotic pump and the basic components ofÂ osmotic system tablets have been discussed briefly. Keywords: Osmosis, component of osmotic system, Osmotic pump
Transvenous cryoablation versus radiofrequency ablation of the slow pathway for the treatment of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia: a prospective randomized pilot study (2004)

The results of this pilot study indicate that transvenous cryoablation using a 4-mm-tip cryocatheter is associated with a comparable acute success rate but a higher recurrence rate as compared with RF ablation in patients with AVNRT. Potential benefits of cryoablation for ablation of AVNRT need to be determined in a larger multi-centre trial.
Robust global motion estimation using a simplified M-estimator approach (2002)

Global motion estimation is an important task in a variety of video processing applications, such as coding, segmentation, classification/indexing or mosaicing. Due to the possible presence of differently moving foreground objects and other sources of distortions, robust methods such as M-estimators have to be applied. We present a simplified implementation of a robust M-estimator for global motion estimation that does not increase the computational complexity significantly compared to a non-robust estimator, while providing excellent results in terms of estimation accuracy. Additionally, unstructured image regions are detected and rejected for the estimation. This avoids aperture problems, that can have an bad impact especially on robust estimators that rely on a certain error measure.
The performance of the Amoeba distributed operating system (1989)

Abstract Amoeba is a capability‐based distributed operating system designed for high‐performance interactions between clients and servers using the well‐known RPC model. The paper starts out by describing the architecture of the Amoeba system, which is typified by specialized components such as workstations, several services, a processor pool, and gateways that connect other Amoeba systems transparently over wide‐area networks. Next the RPC interface is described. The paper presents performance measurements of the Amoeba RPC on unloaded and loaded systems. The time to perform the simplest RPC between two user processes has been measured to be 1‐4 ms. Compared to SUN 3/50's RPC, Amoeba has one ninth of the delay, and over three times the throughput. Finally we describe the Amoeba file server. The Amoeba file server is so fast that it is limited by the communication bandwidth. To the best of our knowledge this is the fastest file server yet reported in the literature for this class of hardware.
Cytologic detection of <i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>: A comparison of papanicolaou and other histochemical stains (1986)

Pneumocystis carinii, a common pathogen among immunocompromised patients, has been investigated in cytologic specimens using both the histochemical stains and ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence following Papanicolaou staining. We reviewed 57 pulmonary cytologic specimens obtained from 23 patients and compared the results of specific histochemical stains and Papanicolaou-stained preparations under UV excitation. Specific Pneumocystis fluorescence was observed in 26 of 49 Papanicolaou-stained specimens. Thirty-seven specimens were examined using both histochemical staining and after Papanicolaou UV staining. A comparison of the two techniques showed the Papanicolaou UV technique to have 89% sensitivity and 95% specificity. Cellulosic filters were the most valuable Papanicolaou-stained preparation for Pneumocystis diagnosis. The authors conclude that UV fluorescence of Papanicolaou-stained specimens obtained by noninvasive procedures is a rapid, accurate, and economical method for diagnosing pulmonary Pneumocystis carinii infections.