gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed Computing Education, Part 4: Training Infrastructure (2008)

In the first article of this series, we identified the need for teaching environments that provide infrastructure to support education and training in distributed computing. Training infrastructure, or t-infrastructure, is analogous to the teaching laboratory in biology and is a vital tool for educators and students. In practice, t- infrastructure includes the computing equipment, digital communications, software, data, and support staff necessary to teach a course. The International Summer Schools in Grid Computing (ISSGC) series and the first International Winter School on Grid Computing (IWSGC 08) used the Grid INFN Laboratory of Dissemination Activities (GILDA) infrastructure so students could gain hands-on experience with middleware. Here, we describe GILDA, related summer and winter school experiences, multimiddleware integration, t-infrastructure, and academic courses, concluding with an analysis and recommendations.
Stromal Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Regulates the Vascular Architecture in Neuroblastoma by Promoting Pericyte Recruitment (2004)

Advanced stages of neuroblastoma show increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9, that have been implicated in many steps of tumor progression, suggesting that they play a contributory role. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches, we have examined the role of these MMPs in progression of SK-N-BE (2).10 human neuroblastoma tumors orthotopically xenotransplanted into immunodeficient mice. Mice treated with Prinomastat, a synthetic inhibitor of MMPs, showed an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in implanted tumors and a prolonged survival (50 versus 39 days in control group, P < 0.035). Treatment with Prinomastat did not affect formation of liver metastases (P = 0.52) but inhibited intravascular colonization by the tumor cells in the lung by 73.8% (P = 0.03) and angiogenesis in both primary tumors and experimental liver metastases. The primary tumors from Prinomastat-treated mice showed a 39.3% reduction in endothelial area detected by PECAM/CD31 staining in tumor sections (P < 0.001), primarily due to the presence of smaller vessels (P = 0.004). MMP-2 is expressed by neuroblastoma tumor cells and stromal cells, whereas MMP-9 is exclusively expressed by stromal cells, particularly vascular cells. To examine the contribution of MMP-9 to tumor angiogenesis, we generated RAG1/MMP-9 double-deficient mice. We observed a significant inhibition of angiogenesis in the immunodeficient RAG1/MMP-9 double-deficient mice orthotopically implanted with tumor cells (P = 0.043) or implanted s.c. with a mixture of tumor cells and Matrigel (P < 0.001). Using an FITC-labeled lectin, we demonstrated an inhibition in the architecture of the tumor vasculature in MMP-9-deficient mice, resulting in fewer and smaller blood vessels. These changes were associated with a 48% decrease in pericytes present along microvessels. Taken together, the data demonstrate that in neuroblastoma, stromally derived MMP-9 contributes to angiogenesis by promoting blood vessel morphogenesis and pericyte recruitment.
Analytical characterization and clinical evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measurement of afamin in human plasma (2013)

The afamin assay meets quality specifications for laboratory medicine. The results of the clinical assay evaluation revealed novel insights with respect to afamin as a potential negative acute phase protein and should encourage further studies.
A Fast Downsizing Video Transcoder for H.264/AVC with Rate-Distortion Optimal Mode Decision (2006)

This paper focuses on the mode decision and motion selection problem when H.264/AVC video streams are transcoded in spatial resolution. A fast downsizing transcoding scheme is developed in which a new rate-distortion (R-D) optimal mode decision mechanism is presented for high speed transcoding as well as high coding efficiency. A model for estimating relative prediction errors is applied in this paper, which is free from computation of interpolation and SAD/SSD computation. Based on the selected model, a motion refinement within a distance of 1 pixel is performed after mode decision. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can significantly speed up the spatial resolution reduction process, while achieving high coding efficiency
An electrometer valve voltmeter of wide range (1953)

An electrometer valve, combined with an ordinary pentode or triode valve, both acting as cathode followers, can provide a valve voltmeter of very high input impedance, low input capacity and of wide range. By using two further ordinary pentodes as "tail" valves the range can be extended to ±500 V without difficulty and with an input to output magnification of 0.99. The input grid current is not increased by the wide range, while the presence of a very closely following output facilitates guard ringing and the reduction of input leakages and capacities. The arrangement will have several uses and has been especially designed for use for measurements of the atmospheric potential gradient using a radioactive collector, where it is more convenient and more rapid in response than most other methods.
Motion Aligned Spatial Scalable Video Coding (2006)

A motion aligned spatial scalable video coding scheme (MA-SSC) is proposed in this paper. Different from the traditional spatial scalable coding schemes derived from MPEG-2, in the proposed scheme only one set of intra or inter prediction modes are optimally selected by jointly considering the base and enhancement layers. Thus, it saves one set of macroblock (MB) mode and motion vectors. Moreover, the combined motion estimation can reduce the residual coding bits of the base layer. The MA-SSC and traditional spatial scalable coding schemes are both implemented based on H.264 reference software to evaluate their performance. Simulation results show that the enhancement layer coding efficiency of MA-SSC is up to 0.6dB better than that of the traditional scheme, while the base layer coding efficiency of MA-SSC decreases less than 0.3db compared with the single-layer coding
Prediction of Intestinal First-Pass Drug Metabolism (2007)

Despite a lower content of many drug metabolising enzymes in the intestinal epithelium compared to the liver (e.g. intestinal CYP3A abundance in the intestine is 1% that of the liver), intestinal metabolic extraction may be similar to or exceed hepatic extraction. Modelling of events on first-pass through the intestine requires attention to the complex interplay between passive permeability, active transport, binding, relevant blood flows and the intrinsic activity and capacity of enzyme systems. We have compared the predictive accuracy of the "well-stirred" gut model with that of the "Q(Gut)" model. The former overpredicts the fraction escaping first-pass gut metabolism; the latter improves the predictions by accounting for interplay between permeability and metabolism.
Towards Imperceptible and Robust Adversarial Example Attacks against Neural Networks (2018)

Machine learning systems based on deep neural networks, being able to produce state-of-the-art results on various perception tasks, have gained mainstream adoption in many applications. However, they are shown to be vulnerable to adversarial example attack, which generates malicious output by adding slight perturbations to the input. Previous adversarial example crafting methods, however, use simple metrics to evaluate the distances between the original examples and the adversarial ones, which could be easily detected by human eyes. In addition, these attacks are often not robust due to the inevitable noises and deviation in the physical world. In this work, we present a new adversarial example attack crafting method, which takes the human perceptual system into consideration and maximizes the noise tolerance of the crafted adversarial example. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed technique.
Feed Paging and Archiving (2007)

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the &quot;Internet Official Protocol Standards &quot; (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. This specification defines three types of syndicated Web feeds that enable publication of entries across one or more feed documents. This includes &quot;paged &quot; feeds for piecemeal access, &quot;archived &quot; feeds that allow reconstruction of the feed’s contents, and feeds that are
A thermochromic europium(<scp>iii</scp>) room temperature ionic liquid with thermally activated anion–cation interactions (2016)

We report the first example of an observable and reversible case of thermochromism due to the interaction of an alkylphosphonium (P<sub>6,6,6,14</sub>)<sup>+</sup> with a β-diketonate (1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-7,7-dimethyloctane-4,6-dionate-fod) of an europium(iii) tetrakis-β-diketonate room temperature ionic liquid. This thermochromism is characterized by the conversion of a light yellow viscous liquid, at room temperature, to a reddish substance close to 80 °C. The reversibility of this optical effect was highlighted by the thermal stability of the Eu(iii) complex.
A Comparison of Some Error Estimates for Neural Network Models (1996)

We discuss a number of methods for estimating the standard error of predicted values from a multilayer perceptron. These methods include the delta method based on the Hessian, bootstrap estimators, and the “sandwich” estimator. The methods are described and compared in a number of examples. We find that the bootstrap methods perform best, partly because they capture variability due to the choice of starting weights.
A highly active and stable IrO <i> <sub>x</sub> </i> /SrIrO <sub>3</sub> catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (2016)

Oxygen electrochemistry plays a key role in renewable energy technologies such as fuel cells and electrolyzers, but the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) limit the performance and commercialization of such devices. Here we report an iridium oxide/strontium iridium oxide (IrO<sub>x</sub>/SrIrO<sub>3</sub>) catalyst formed during electrochemical testing by strontium leaching from surface layers of thin films of SrIrO<sub>3</sub> This catalyst has demonstrated specific activity at 10 milliamps per square centimeter of oxide catalyst (OER current normalized to catalyst surface area), with only 270 to 290 millivolts of overpotential for 30 hours of continuous testing in acidic electrolyte. Density functional theory calculations suggest the formation of highly active surface layers during strontium leaching with IrO<sub>3</sub> or anatase IrO<sub>2</sub> motifs. The IrO<sub>x</sub>/SrIrO<sub>3</sub> catalyst outperforms known IrO<sub>x</sub> and ruthenium oxide (RuO<sub>x</sub>) systems, the only other OER catalysts that have reasonable activity in acidic electrolyte.
ChemInform Abstract: Ferromagnetism in Indium Tin‐Oxide (ITO) Electrodes at Room Temperature (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Muchas gracias, P. Nava (2010)

El Padre Nava se nos ha ido a estar con el Padre para siempre, se nos ha ido a vivir más a vivir mejor, se nos ha ido para seguir con nosotros de «otra manera». Pero el Padre Nava no se ha ido del todo, sigue con todos losque lo queremos de verdad, los que hemos tenido la suerte de vivir junto a él muchos años de tarea. En nuestro caso, en los comienzos de una nueva andadura llenos de temor por no saber hacer, llenos de ilusión por quererhacer, llenos de ganas de querer hacer bien lo que teníamos entre manos. Hemos estado junto al timón de una barca que él llevaba a buen puerto siempre, con su sabia mano, imperceptible mano, estaba siempre ahí paraalentar, aconsejar, impulsar, trabajar y hacernos trabajar.
Measurement of Rotating Blade Tip Clearance with Fibre-Optic Probe (2006)

This paper described a tip clearance measuring system with fibre-optic probe. The system is based on a novel tip clearance sensor of optical fibre-bundle mounted on the casing, rotating speed synchronization sensor mounted on the rotating shaft, the tip clearance preamplification processing circuit followed by high speed data-acquisition unit. A novel tip clearance sensor of trifurcated optical fibre bundle was proposed and demonstrated. It is independent of material of measured surface but capacitive probe demands target conductive. Measurements can be taken under severe conditions such as ionization. Sensor circuitry and data acquisition circuit were successfully designed. With the help of Rotation synchronized sensor, all the blades can be detected in real-time. Because of fibre-optic sensor, the measuring system has commendably frequency response, which can work well in high rotating speed from 0-15000rpm.The measurement range of tip clearance is 0-3mm with 25um precision.
Liver fibrosis causes downregulation of miRNA-150 and miRNA-194 in hepatic stellate cells, and their overexpression causes decreased stellate cell activation (2009)

Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) results in their proliferation and in the secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, which leads to hepatic fibrosis. microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to regulate various cell functions, such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Hence, we have analyzed the miRNAs that were differentially expressed in HSC isolated from sham-operated and bile duct-ligated rats. Expression of two miRNAs, miRNA-150 and miRNA-194, was reduced in HSC isolated from fibrotic rats compared with sham-operated animals. These two miRNAs were overexpressed in LX-2 cells, and their ability to inhibit cell proliferation, the expression of smooth muscle alpha-actin (SMA), a marker for activation, and collagen type I, a marker for ECM secretion, was determined. Overexpression of these two miRNAs resulted in a significant inhibition of proliferation (P < 0.05) and reduced SMA and collagen I levels compared with either untreated cells or nonspecific miRNA-expressing cells. Next, the protein targets of these two miRNAs were found using bioinformatics approaches. C-myb was found to be a target for miRNA-150, and rac 1 was found to be one of the targets for miRNA-194. Therefore, we studied the expression of these two proteins by overexpressing these two miRNAs in LX-2 cells and found that overexpression of miRNA-150 and miRNA-194 resulted in a significant inhibition of c-myb and rac 1 expression, respectively. We conclude that both miRNA-150 and miRNA-194 inhibit HSC activation and ECM production, at least in part, via inhibition of c-myb and rac 1 expression.
An original vehicle detection algorithm based on object proposals (2017)

In this paper, we presented an improved vehicle detection algorithm based on object proposals. In the training part, by using Selective Search algorithm, we firstly segment the vehicle areas in the sample set as positive examples, other regions as negative examples. Then PHOG (Pyramid Histogram of Oriented Gradient) features of the positive samples and negative ones after separately being labeled 1 or 0 will be sent to the SVM (Support Vector Machine) to be trained for generating the initial classification model. In the test stage, test sample set is applied to evaluate the model to identify the mistakenly classified ones, which are called hard examples. They will be sent to the SVM to be implemented second-training, and the model will surely be updated. In the recognition part, the test images are firstly segmented by Selective Search algorithm to generate the candidate regions and then the PHOG features of each proposal will be extracted, which will be sent to the SVM model to be predicted as label 1 or 0 and the proposals whose features are predicted as label 1 will be reserved. The experimental results show that the vehicle recognition rate using the algorithm we proposed can achieve 97.52% and it performs favorably against existing state-of-the-art methods.
Quantitatively accurate data recovery from attenuation-corrected sinogram using filtering of sinusoidal trajectory signals (2005)

The statistical distribution of PET measurements precorrected for the effects of attenuation and accidental coincidences is no longer described by the Poisson model and is characterized by increased variance and positive skewness. These attributes affect the quantitative accuracy of the reconstructed image. In this study, we create a numerical cylinder phantom and simulate the attenuation-correction effect by adding highly overdispersed non-stationary noise accommodated by the negative binomial distribution. Further on, we use the novel stackgram domain environment to decompose the sinogram into a collection of constituting sinusoidal trajectory signals. The goal is to investigate the quantitative behaviour of various estimators on finding the underlying activity of attenuation-corrected 1D signals in stackgram domain. We devise a challenging wavelet-based approach to this problem which rests on signal decomposition with rescaled analysis filter bank. Comparative simulation results show that our method is capable of eliminating spurious noise variations without causing any systematical bias, unlike more simple smoothing estimators.
On-board processing techniques for application in a business telecommunications satellite payload (1988)

This paper presents a selective overview of a study into On-Board Processing (OBP) techniques applied to telecommunications satellites. It describes a representative set of business system mission requirements which are used to define the principle functions needed within the OBP payload. The functions relating to translating up link frequency division channels to time division and baseband switching are investigated. Use of simulation and simple breadboarding has supplemented initial theoretical trade-offs. A specification for a prototype demonstrator incorporating the selected designs is outlined.
Improving Performance and Reliability of IMS by Co-location DHT (2010)

IP Multimedia Subsystem is deemed to be the core of NGN (Next Generation Network) technology. IMS is considered as the important way to solve the fixed-mobile convergence and the combination of multimedia services. P2P technology is introduced to solve the complicated structure and high OPEX of IMS, so as to promote the reliability and extensibility. However the introduction of P2P technology brings extra DHT messages and query delay that might exacerbate the performance of IMS applications. This paper proposes a new strategy called co-located DHT IMS where the IMS servers are as co-located as possible on the same DHT node host to reduce the messages necessary to exchange among IMS servers, as well as the number of physical servers involved on the process of registration and session establishment. Performance evaluation shows that the messages are reduced to and the reliability of system is improved when compared to traditional IMS. Thus the co-location DHT IMS is a feasible alternative for implementation in real system.
Some practical and theoretic concepts in the nutritional assessment of the cancer patient (1986)

Two patterns of response, that due to starvation or semistarvation and that due the stress, determine whether protein-calorie malnutrition of the adult marasmus variety or hypoalbuminemic malnutrition will occur in any particular nonmalignant disease. The latter condition can have two major components, the neuroendocrine response to injury, which is in large measure mediated by hormones of the hypothalamus and adrenal gland, and the panoply of responses to interleukin-1 production and release by macrophages and monocytes upon activation, usually by phagocytosis. In some cancer patients with weight loss there are many similarities to an interleukin-1 response including increases in resting energy expenditure, whole-body protein flux and synthesis and glucose flux and recycling, hypoalbuminemia and increased albumin catabolic rates, and an adaptive low T3 state that suggest a similar injury/infection response. Separation of cancer patients with malnutrition into those with an injury/infection response and those with simple starvation may explain the heterogeneous response to nutritional support among malnourished cancer patients and suggest new feeding regimens that may uniquely benefit the stress form of cancer malnutrition.
Use of the Blasius Resistance Formula to Estimate the Effective Diameter of Endotracheal Tubes (1992)

To early detect mucus deposition in endotracheal tubes (ETT), we propose using a geometric, flow-independent parameter, i.e., diameter of the ETT, based on a precise knowledge of ETT flow regime, instead of using the classic flow-dependent ETT resistance based on the empirical, nonlinear Rohrer equation. From the estimated slope of -0.24 derived from Moody diagrams characterizing the pressure-flow relationship in ETT of various inner diameters (D), we first assessed that the Blasius resistance formula slope of -0.25 could be applied to adult-size ETT, meaning that flow remains fully developed, turbulent, and hydraulically smooth (0.5 L/s less than or equal to V less than or equal to 1.4 L/s). Insertion into the ETT of a pressure catheter (external diameter: d) to stimulate in vivo measurements did not modify these results, provided the hydraulic diameter, D* = D - d, was substituted for D in the Blasius formula. The Blasius formula was then used to determine, from in vitro pressure and flow measurements in ETT before intubation and in ETT lined with dry mucus secretions, the effective diameter, shown here to be highly correlated to the actual diameter measured by volumetric water displacement. The effective ETT diameter was measured in eight patients at different stages after oral or nasal intubation. Compared with the actual ETT diameter measured before insertion, the effective diameter was slightly reduced (2.6 +/- 2.5%) during the first week of intubation and was strongly reduced (12.2 +/- 2.8%) during the second week.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Deep Sign: Enabling Robust Statistical Continuous Sign Language Recognition via Hybrid CNN-HMMs (2018)

This manuscript introduces the end-to-end embedding of a CNN into a HMM, while interpreting the outputs of the CNN in a Bayesian framework. The hybrid CNN-HMM combines the strong discriminative abilities of CNNs with the sequence modelling capabilities of HMMs. Most current approaches in the field of gesture and sign language recognition disregard the necessity of dealing with sequence data both for training and evaluation. With our presented end-to-end embedding we are able to improve over the state-of-the-art on three challenging benchmark continuous sign language recognition tasks by between 15 and 38% relative reduction in word error rate and up to 20% absolute. We analyse the effect of the CNN structure, network pretraining and number of hidden states. We compare the hybrid modelling to a tandem approach and evaluate the gain of model combination.