gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A maximal exercise bout increases the number of circulating CD34+/KDR+ endothelial progenitor cells in healthy subjects. Relation with lipid profile (2008)

Mobilization of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) might explain exercise-induced improvement of endothelial function. We assessed whether a maximal exercise bout could alter the number of circulating EPC in healthy subjects and whether this effect is related to their cardiovascular risk profile. Additionally, we investigated possible mediators of this effect, namely nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release. Healthy subjects (group 1, n = 11; group 2, n = 14) performed a symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test on a bicycle ergometer. Numbers of CD34+/kinase insert domain receptor (KDR)+ cells were determined by flow-cytometric analysis, either after magnetic separation of CD34+ cells (group 1) or starting from whole blood (group 2). Serum concentrations of VEGF and NO metabolites were measured by using ELISA. Following exercise, EPC increased by 76% (15.4 +/- 10.7 cells/ml vs. 27.2 +/- 13.7 cells/ml; P = 0.01) in group 1 and by 69% in group 2 (30.9 +/- 14.6 cells/ml vs. 52.5 +/- 42.6 cells/ml; P = 0.03). The increase in EPC correlated positively with LDL and total cholesterol/HDL ratio and negatively with peak oxygen consumption and oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold. VEGF levels increased with exercise, with a strong trend toward significance (P = 0.055). NO levels remained unchanged. The present study demonstrates that a maximal bout of exercise induces a significant shift in CD34+ cells toward CD34+/KDR+ cells. This response was larger in subjects with a less favorable lipid profile.
AlGaAs/GaAs Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors on Si substrate using epitaxial lift-off (1995)

Epitaxial lift-off (ELO) technique was used for the first time to transplant AlGaAs/GaAs Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (HBT's) to Si substrates. Both preprocessed (devices processed before transplantation) and postprocessed (devices processed after transplantation) ELO HBT's on Si were demonstrated in this study. The characteristics of those HBT's on Si with either technique show nearly identical characteristics of the HBT's on GaAs without transplantation, indicating the film quality is maintained after transplantation. Devices with a high current gain of 550 were transplanted without any degradation, and the current gain is not limited by the ELO process. This current gain value is the highest reported for GaAs HBT's on Si with any techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Simply distracting learners is not enough: More evidence for the learning benefits of an external focus of attention (2003)

This experiment followed up on previous studies showing learning benefits of instructions directing the performers' attention to the effects of their movements (external focus) relative to instructions directing attention to the movements themselves (internal focus). The main purpose was to determine whether similar advantages could be achieved by preventing learners from focusing on their movements through the use of an attention‐demanding secondary task. Participants practiced balancing on a stabilometer. External and internal focus group participants were instructed to focus on markers attached to the balance platform or on their feet, respectively. A third group was required to shadow a story presented to them while balancing. In addition, a control group without attentional focus instructions or a secondary task was included. The external focus group showed more effective balance learning than the other groups. The results provide evidence for the learning benefits of external focus instructions. In addition, they show that similar advantages cannot be achieved by simply preventing learners from focusing on the task to be learned.
Evidential Reasoning-Based Classification of Multi-Source Spatial Data for Improved Land Cover Mapping (1994)

RÉSUMÉL'élaboration de méthodes évoluées visant à améliorer l'exactitude des résultats de classification d'images de télédétection est essentielle à la réalisation d'images de haute qualité et à l'extraction de couches de données fiables sur la couverture des sols en vue de leur inclusion dans des systèmes d'information géographique. À cet égard, l'intégration de données de télédétection et de données auxiliaires provenant de sources multiples constitue l'une des méthodes les plus prometteuses. Les données auxiliaires présentent l'avantage de pouvoir offrir des renseignements supplémentaires utiles aux fins de classification. Toutefois, l'incompatibilité des données spatiales provenant de sources multiples soulève des difficultés importantes pour l'analyse globale des données de télédétection et des données auxiliaires. Pour cette raison, il est parfois souhaitable d'utiliser une méthode de classification ne tenant pas compte des propriétés de distribution des données pour intégrer des données auxiliaires dans la classification d'images de télédétection. Dans leur étude, les auteurs ont adopté une stratégie de classification à deux volets. Ils ont d'abord extrait les pixels susceptibles d'être mal classifiés (PMC) de la classification initiale reposant sur l'analyse statistique, puis, à partir de la théorie de Dempster-Shafer, ils ont élaboré une méthode de post-classification fondée sur le raisonnement véridique pour corriger les PMC. Des règles s'appuyant sur les sommes orthogonales ont été employées pour regrouper les «évidences» tirées des données spatiales de sources multiples en vue de classifier les PMC à l'étape de la post-classification. Les données spatiales provenant de sources multiples utilisées dans cette étude comprennent des données acquises par le capteur thématique de Landsat à deux dates différentes, des données de pente dérivées d'un modèle numérique d'élévation ainsi que des tracés numériques realtifs au transport et à l'hydrographie. L'exactitude globale des résultats de classification fut de l'ordre de 88,6 %, par rapport à 76,4 % pour les résultats obtenus avec la méthode classique de classification par maximum de vraisemblance. La méthode ainsi élaborée permet de regrouper facilement l'information sur les attributs contenue dans les données spatiales de sources multiples. Comme les données spatiales provenant de sources multiples peuvent fournir des renseignements supplémentaires fiables pour la classification correcte des PMC, il est donc possible d'améliorer l'exactitude de la classification. Les pixels erronés résultant d'une déficience d'informations dans les données de télédétection utilisées seules et d'une connaissance partielle des caractéristiques des zones d'entraînement dans la classification classique reposant sur l'analyse statistique peuvent alors être corrigés.
DETERMINING THE ROLE OF MUC1 AND BETA-CATENIN ON THE EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR SIGNALING AND LOCALIZATION IN BREAST CANCER (2010)

prepared by Benjamin Guy Bitler entitled Determining the role of MUC1 and beta-catenin on the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling and localization in breast cancer.
Role of sustained neurones of cat lateral geniculate nucleus in processing luminance information. (1979)

The properties of the sustained cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus of cat have been studied quantitatively. These cells may be subdivided into two groups, the brightness and the darkness detectors. The former is photoexcitatory neurone and the latter, photoinhibitory. In both types, the rates of sustained discharges are closely related to the levels of retinal illumination over a range about 4 log units. The receptive fields of sustained cells again can be roughly divided into two subtypes according to their size. The large receptive field cells all belong to darkness detectors and are distributed mostly at retinal periphery, which may play some role in signalling the background luminance. The small receptive field cells comprise all brightness detectors and a part of darkness detectors, which are located predominantly around area centralis and may transmit the message of brightness or darkness about picture details and enhance the boundaries of a two-dimensional figure.
Protein phosphatases and the regulation of mitosis (2011)

Dynamic control of protein phosphorylation is necessary for the regulation of many cellular processes, including mitosis and cytokinesis. Indeed, although the central role of protein kinases is widely appreciated and intensely studied, the importance of protein phosphatases is often overlooked. Recent studies, however, have highlighted the considerable role of protein phosphatases in both the spatial and temporal control of protein kinase activity, and the modulation of substrate phosphorylation. Here, we will focus on recent advances in our understanding of phosphatase structure, and the importance of phosphatase function in the control of mitotic spindle formation, chromosome architecture and cohesion, and cell division.
Handbook of Chemometrics and Qualimetrics (1998)

Introduction. Statistical Description of the Quality of Processes and Measurements. The Normal Distribution. An Introduction to Hypothesis Testing. Some Important Hypothesis Tests. Analysis of Variance. Control Charts. Straight Line Regression and Calibration. Vectors and Matrices. Multiple and Polynomial Regression. Non-linear Regression. Robust Statistics. Internal Method Validation. Method Validation by Interlaboratory Studies. Other Distributions. The 2 2 Contingency Table. Principal Components. Information Theory. Fuzzy Methods. Process Modelling and Sampling. An Introduction to Experimental Design. Two-level Factorial Designs. Fractional Factorial Designs. Multi-level Designs. Mixture Designs. Other Optimization Methods. Genetic Algorithms and Other Global Search Strategies. Index.
How beneficial is peer-to-peer DMA? (2020)

This paper revisits Peer-to-Peer DMA (P2P DMA) and investigates its potential for exploitation on Ethernet NICs and NVMe SSDs. The slowing performance improvement of CPUs has led to emergence of peripheral accelerators such as Smart NICs and TPU. P2P DMA presents potential for the efficient integration of multiple peripherals by avoiding data bouncing on main memory. However, P2P DMA has been studied mainly around GPUs, and its improvement has been measured for specific applications. In this paper, we perform experiments to clarify the benefits of using P2P DMA on individual devices, i.e., an Ethernet NIC and an NVMe SSD, from an I/O throughput perspective. We developed a library, called Libpop, for manipulating memory on devices for invoking P2P DMA. Additionally, we integrated Libpop into pcie-bench, which is an FPGA-based benchmark device, netmap for Ethernet NICs, and UNVMe for NVMe SSDs. Experiments with these implementations show that (1) memory writes degrade the throughput of DMA write by 70%, (2) the degradation affects I/O throughput on the devices, and (3) P2P DMA can avoid degradation, but device queues affect throughput on the Ethernet NIC.
Intra Ocular Lens Technology - A Review of Journey from Its Inception (2020)

Aim: To understand the advancement and development in Intraocular lens. Introduction: Now a day cataract surgery is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in the world. Removing the opaque, cataractous lens and replacing it with an artificial lens to achieve near to normal visual acuity post operatively is not only accepted but by and large a mandatory norm. Findings: The lenses used for the purpose are called Intra Ocular Lens. Ridley’s brilliance has improved the lives of many millions of people. The gradual improvement in IOL design, first in making flexible lenses, then the ever-improving optical outcomes have meant that vision after cataract surgery has never been better – in the developed world. Conclusion: We have come a long way in terms of IOL design, but many people with cataracts in rural areas of the developing world, need help to catch up.
A method of measuring the resistivity of copper from 298 to 77 K (1990)

The resistivity of a 0.254-mm-(10-mil-) thick rectangular parallelepiped copper foil was measured from 298 to 77 K by a simple four-point probe technique where probe wires are lead/tin soldered to the foil. Resistivity data indicates that the resistivity correction factor is approximately 2.8 for probes that are approximately 0.3 cm in diameter and spaced approximately 0.9 cm center to center.
A conserved family of WD-40 proteins binds to the retinoblastoma protein in both plants and animals. (1997)

In mammalian cells, the retinoblastoma (RB) protein regulates G1 progression and functions through its association with various cellular proteins. Two closely related mammalian RB binding proteins, RbAp48 and RbAp46, share sequence homology with the Msi1 protein of yeast. MSI1 is a multicopy suppressor of a mutation in the IRA1 gene involved in the Ras-cAMP pathway that regulates cellular growth. Human RbAp48 is present in protein complexes involved in histone acetylation and chromatin assembly. We report the cloning of cDNAs encoding four plant RbAp48- and Msi1-like proteins: one from tomato, LeMSI1, and three from Arabidopsis. Complementation studies confirm that LeMSI1 can function as a multicopy suppressor of the yeast ira1 mutant phenotype. The LeMSI1 protein localizes to the nucleus and binds to a 65-kD protein in wild-type as well as ripening inhibitor (rin) and Neverripe (Nr) tomato fruit. LeMSI1 also binds to the human RB protein and the RB-like RRB1 protein from maize, indicating that this interaction is conserved between plants and animals.
The Solubilities of Dodecylammonium Chloride and its N-Methyl Derivatives in n-Hexane, Benzene and 95.0% Ethanol<sup>1</sup> (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Solubilities of Dodecylammonium Chloride and its N-Methyl Derivatives in n-Hexane, Benzene and 95.0% Ethanol1F. K. Broome and H. J. HarwoodCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 7, 3257–3260Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1950https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01163a130Request reuse permissionsArticle Views55Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (419 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A silicon micromachined resonant pressure sensor (2009)

This paper describes the design, fabrication and test of a silicon micromachined resonant pressure sensor. A square membrane and a doubly clamped resonant beam constitute a compound structure. The former senses the pressure directly, while the latter changes its resonant frequency according to deformation of the membrane. The final output relation between the resonant frequency and the applied pressure is deducted according to the structure mechanical properties. Sensors are fabricated by micromachining technology, and then sealed in vaccum. These sensors are tested by open-loop and close-loop system designed on purpose. The experiment results demonstrate that the sensor has a sensitivity of 49.8Hz/kPa and repeatability of 0.08%.
Investigation of the response of microstructures under the combined effect of mechanical shock and electrostatic forces (2006)

There is strong experimental evidence for the existence of strange modes of failure of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices under mechanical shock and impact. Such failures have not been explained with conventional models of MEMS. These failures are characterized by overlaps between moving microstructures and stationary electrodes, which cause electrical shorts. This work presents modeling and simulation of MEMS devices under the combination of shock loads and electrostatic actuation, which sheds light on the influence of these forces on the pull-in instability. Our results indicate that the reported strange failures can be attributed to early dynamic pull-in instability. The results show that the combination of a shock load and an electrostatic actuation makes the instability threshold much lower than the threshold predicted, considering the effect of shock alone or electrostatic actuation alone. In this work, a single-degree-of-freedom model is utilized to investigate the effect of the shock-electrostatic interaction on the response of MEMS devices. Then, a reduced-order model is used to demonstrate the effect of this interaction on MEMS devices employing cantilever and clamped-clamped microbeams. The results of the reduced-order model are verified by comparing with finite-element predictions. It is shown that the shock-electrostatic interaction can be used to design smart MEMS switches triggered at a predetermined level of shock and acceleration.
GDF15 derived from both tumor-associated macrophages and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas contributes to tumor progression via Akt and Erk pathways (2015)

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are known to be involved in the progression, angiogenesis, and motility of various cancers. We previously reported the association between an increased number of infiltrating TAMs with tumor progression and poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs). To study the roles of TAMs in ESCC, we first exposed peripheral blood monocyte (PBMo)-derived macrophages from healthy volunteers to conditioned media of TE series human ESCC cell line (TECM) and confirmed the induction of the expression of the M2 macrophage marker CD204 and the protumorigenic factors interleukin (IL)-10, VEGFA, and MMPs. Next, we compared gene expression profiles between PBMo-derived macrophages stimulated with or without TECM by cDNA microarray and focused on growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) among the highly expressed genes including IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL1. Our immunohistochemical study of 70 surgically resected ESCCs revealed that GDF15 was present not only in cancer cells but also in macrophages. The high expression of GDF15 in the ESCCs was significantly correlated with several more malignant phenotypes including vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stages. Patients with high GDF15 expression showed significantly poorer disease-free survival (P=0.011) and overall survival (P=0.041). We also found that recombinant human GDF15 promotes cell proliferation and the phosphorylation of both Akt and Erk1/2 in ESCC cell lines in vitro. These results indicate that GDF15 is secreted by both TAMs and cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment and is associated with aberrant growth and a poor prognosis in human ESCC.
Pluripotent Protective Effects of Carnosine, a Naturally Occurring Dipeptide<sup>a</sup> (1998)

Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) found in brain, innervated tissues, and the lens at concentrations up to 20 mM in humans. In 1994 it was shown that carnosine could delay senescence of cultured human fibroblasts. Evidence will be presented to suggest that carnosine, in addition to antioxidant and oxygen free-radical scavenging activities, also reacts with deleterious aldehydes to protect susceptible macromolecules. Our studies show that, in vitro, carnosine inhibits nonenzymic glycosylation and cross-linking of proteins induced by reactive aldehydes (aldose and ketose sugars, certain triose glycolytic intermediates and malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation product). Additionally we show that carnosine inhibits formation of MDA-induced protein-associated advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) and formation of DNA-protein cross-links induced by acetaldehyde and formaldehyde. At the cellular level 20 mM carnosine protected cultured human fibroblasts and lymphocytes, CHO cells, and cultured rat brain endothelial cells against the toxic effects of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and MDA, and AGEs formed by a lysine/deoxyribose mixture. Interestingly, carnosine protected cultured rat brain endothelial cells against amyloid peptide toxicity. We propose that carnosine (which is remarkably nontoxic) or related structures should be explored for possible intervention in pathologies that involve deleterious aldehydes, for example, secondary diabetic complications, inflammatory phenomena, alcoholic liver disease, and possibly Alzheimer's disease.
Optimal rate allocation for progressive fine granularity scalable video coding (2002)

We examine the enhancement-layer rate allocation problem in progressive fine granularity scalable (PFGS) video coding. The problem arises from the fact that different frames in the enhancement layer have different rates in PFGS coding. A rate-distortion (R-D) function for a multi-frame group is first established for enhancement-layer PFGS coding, followed by experiments to verify its validity using real test sequences. Optimal rate allocation among frames in the group is then given based on the R-D function, together with a simple implementation that is suitable for applications like streaming video. Experiments show that, compared with uniform bit allocation, optimal bit allocation not only makes the quality variation in decoded video much smoother, but also improves the average PSNR of PFGS coding by 0.3-0.5 dB.
Mastering Sulfonation of Aromatic Polysulfones: Crucial for Membranes for Fuel Cell Application (2005)

Abstract The publication deals with the sulfonation of aromatic polysulfones that results in ionomers intended to be used as membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. The mechanical properties and the lifespan of the membranes depend, in particular, on the mode of synthesis of the ionomers and on chemical degradations which can occur and cut the polymeric chains. This article gives a progress report on the various methods giving access to polysulfone ionomers based on sulfonic acid functions. Among these methods, particular attention has been paid to electrophilic substitution from commercially available polysulfone. Although electrophilic sulfonation of aromatic molecules has been known for about one century, its application to the sulfonation of polymers still raises problems, e.g. homogeneity and degradations. A mechanism of chemical degradation is proposed to explain the chain breakings occurring in the course of reaction. The difficulty in passing from the laboratory scale to an industrial production is illustrated from reactions carried out at the pilot scale.
Cosecretion of amylin and insulin from isolated rat pancreas (1990)

Amylin, a 37 amino acid C-terminal amidated peptide is an integral part of secretory granules of pancreatic beta-cells. Utilizing a specific radioimmunoassay system we demonstrate in the present study a cosecretion of amylin and insulin from the isolated rat pancreas. The secretion pattern of both peptides during glucose or glucose plus arginine stimulation is identical. The molar ratio of amylin amounts to 10% of that of insulin. The biological significance of amylin is still unknown, but a paracrine/endocrine role in glucose homeostasis is speculated.