gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intestinal anti‐nociceptive behaviour of NK<sub>3</sub> receptor antagonism in conscious rats: evidence to support a peripheral mechanism of action (2003)

The involvement of neurokinin receptors in visceral nociception is well documented. However, the role and localization of NK3 receptors is not clearly established. This study was designed to determine whether NK3 receptor antagonists crossing (talnetant) or not (SB-235375) the blood-brain barrier reduce the nociceptive response to colo-rectal distension (CRD) and whether NK3 antagonism reduces inflammation- or stress-induced hypersensitivity to rectal distension. Isobaric CRD and isovolumic rectal distensions were performed in rats equipped with intramuscular electrodes to record abdominal muscle contractions. In controls, CRD induced a pressure-related (15-60 mmHg) increase in the number of abdominal contractions. Both talnetant and SB-235375 [50 mg x kg-1, per oral (p.o.)], which had no effect on colo-rectal tone, reduced the number of contractions associated with CRDs from 30 to 60 mmHg. Three days after rectal instillation of TNBS, abdominal contractions were increased for rectal distension volume of 0.4 mL. This effect was not modified by talnetant (30 mg x kg-1, p.o.). Partial restraint stress increased abdominal contractions at all distension volumes (0-1.2 mL). Talnetant (10 mg kg-1, p.o.) abolished the increase observed for 0.8 and 1.2 mL. These results indicate that peripheral NK3 receptor antagonism reduced nociception associated with CRD and hypersensitivity induced by stress but not inflammation.
Visual Obliq: A System for Building Distributed, Multi-User Applications by Direct Manipulation (1995)

The charter of SRC is to advance both the state of knowledge and the state of the art in computer systems. From our establishment in 1984, we have performed basic and applied research to support Digital’s business objectives. Our current work includes exploring distributed personal computing on multiple platforms, networking, programming technology, system modelling and management techniques, and selected applications. Our strategy is to test the technical and practical value of our ideas by building hardware and software prototypes and using them as daily tools. Interesting systems are too complex to be evaluated solely in the abstract; extended use allows us to investigate their properties in depth. This experience is useful in the short term in refining our designs, and invaluable in the long term in advancing our knowledge. Most of the major advances in information systems have come through this strategy, including personal computing, distributed systems, and the Internet. We also perform complementary work of a more mathematical flavor. Some of it is in established fields of theoretical computer science, such as the analysis of algorithms,
VITAMIN E INHIBITS THE HIGH-FAT DIET PROMOTED GROWTH OF ESTABLISHED HUMAN PROSTATE LNCaP TUMORS IN NUDE MICE (1999)

These data suggest that the mechanism of dietary fat induced growth of human prostate cancer cells is mediated by oxidative stress. It also raises the possibility of a therapeutic benefit of vitamin E in preventing prostate cancer.
Risk indicators for varicose veins in forty‐ to sixty‐year‐olds in the tampere varicose vein study (2002)

The objectives of the study were to discover the main determinants for the prevalence of varicose veins in a general population, and to assess the possibilities for prevention of this common surgical disease. Varicose veins were evaluated in three defined cohorts of 3284 men and 3590 women aged 40, 50, and 60 years by using a validated questionnaire. The response rate was 75% among men and 86% among women, and varicose veins were determined by self-assessment. Increasing age, female sex, childbirths, standing posture at work, higher weight or height, and positive family history were significantly associated with varicose veins in a univariate analysis. These factors were further taken into a multivariate logistic regression analysis, and female gender (adjusted odds ratio, OR 2.2), increasing age (OR 2.2-2.8), a reported positive family history for varicose veins (OR 4.9), increasing number of births (OR 1.2-2.8), standing posture at work (OR 1.6), and higher weight (OR 1.2) and height (OR 1.4) were found to independent and significant risk indicators of varicose veins. Increasing age, positive family history of varicose veins, and child-births in women were the most important factors in terms of population etiologic fractions. Familial predisposition and pregnancy-related factors bear important associations with varicose veins. Thus prevention of varicose veins appears to be difficult. Varicose veins are nonlethal and, therefore, higher age is related to higher prevalence.
A Facile Approach To Develop a Highly Stretchable PVC/ZnSnO<sub>3</sub> Piezoelectric Nanogenerator with High Output Power Generation for Powering Portable Electronic Devices (2016)

Harvesting mechanical energy from the ambient environment with piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) consisting of piezoelectric nanoparticles (NPs) and flexible polymer has drawn considerable attention for developing self-powered electronic devices. Here, a flexible, lead-free, solution processable PENG, composing piezoelectric ZnSnO3 NPs and plasticized PVC was fabricated by a simple solution casting method. The nanogenerator shows a VOC of ∼40 V, a ISC of ∼1.4 μA, and an overall power density more than ∼3.7 μW cm–2 at 35 wt % loading of ZnSnO3, and these values are the highest reported so far in the literature on the cubic ZnSnO3-based nanogenerator. We utilized the generated power for powering seven different color LEDs without any external energy storage unit. Also, the nanogenerator could charge a commercial capacitor (2.2 μF) to ∼6.7 V in ∼129 s, which can be used for powering wristwatch, mobile LCD screen, and calculator.
A dielectric resonator for measurements of complex permittivity of low loss dielectric materials as a function of temperature (1998)

An application of a mode dielectric resonator is described for precise measurements of complex permittivity and the thermal effects on permittivity for isotropic dielectric materials. The Rayleigh-Ritz technique was employed to find a rigorous relationship between permittivity, resonant frequency, and the dimensions of the resonant structure, with relative computational accuracy of less than . The influence of conductor loss and its temperature dependence was taken into account in the dielectric loss tangent evaluation. Complex permittivities of several materials, including cross-linked polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and alumina, were measured in the temperature range of 300-400 K. Absolute uncertainties of relative permittivity measurements were estimated to be smaller than 0.2%, limited mainly by uncertainty in the sample dimensions. For properly chosen sample dimensions, materials with dielectric loss tangents in the range of to can be measured using the mode dielectric resonator.
Stomach Organ and Cell Lineage Differentiation: From Embryogenesis to Adult Homeostasis (2016)

Gastric diseases cause considerable worldwide burden. However, the stomach is still poorly understood in terms of the molecular-cellular processes that govern its development and homeostasis. In particular, the complex relationship between the differentiated cell types located within the stomach and the stem and progenitor cells that give rise to them is significantly understudied relative to other organs. In this review, we will highlight the current state of the literature relating to specification of gastric cell lineages from embryogenesis to adulthood. Special emphasis is placed on substantial gaps in knowledge about stomach specification that we think should be tackled to advance the field. For example, it has long been assumed that adult gastric units have a granule-free stem cell that gives rise to all differentiated lineages. Here we will point out that there are also other models that fit all extant data, such as long-lived lineage-committed progenitors that might serve as a source of new cells during homeostasis.
Legal issues in operative laparoscopy (1993)

Laparoscopy benefits gynecological surgery patients because it results in less postoperative morbidity and early discharge from the hospital. Nevertheless it does pose some risks e.g. injuries to the intestines urinary tract or major vessels. In fact few trials comparing laparoscopy and other conventional open surgeries have been conducted thus making it difficult to know the actual benefits and risks. Besides complications are more likely when laparoscopy is performed by a surgeon in then process of learning the procedure. The patient should be assured of the surgeons experience in laparoscope or told that a qualified laparoscopist will assist the surgeon. The surgeon must clearly inform the patient of laparoscopic risks benefits clinical situation and treatment options. The patient must be in a state which allows her to make a rational judgment. In the case of the mentally impaired or minors the surgeon should provide the required and comprehensive information to a legal guardian. Some circumstances may allow the surgeon to not fully disclose possible risks. For example full disclosure to a patient in an unstable psychological or emotional state could jeopardize her well-being. In this event the surgeon should record why the risks were not disclosed to the patient and should review the risks with family members. Other exceptions to full disclosure include emergency situations an unconscious patient in a situation where the risks of failure to perform laparoscopy are greater than the risks of laparoscopy and when the patient waives her right to full disclosure of risks and alternative treatment. Informed consent benefits both the surgeon and patients. The consent form should list all pertinent information to which the patient can refer.
High-sensitivity nonlinear spectroscopy using a frequency-offset pump: erratum (1980)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. J. Snyder, R. K. Raj, D. Bloch, and M. Ducloy, "High-sensitivity nonlinear spectroscopy using a frequency-offset pump: erratum," Opt. Lett. 5, 326-326 (1980) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Smart Register Files for High-Performance Microprocessors (1999)

Abstract : This report examines how the compiler can more efficiently use a large number of processor registers. The placement of data items into registers, called register allocation, is known to be one of the most important compiler optimizations for high-speed computers because registers are the fastest storage devices in the computer system. However, register allocation has been limited in scope because of aliasing in the memory system. To break this limitation and allow more data to be placed into registers, new compiler and microarchitecture support is needed.
Renewing Ethnographic Theory (2012)

The place of theory in ethnographic practice is to reflect, puzzle, re‐think, and guide research practices from a ‘meta’ perspective. Consequently, for EPIC 2012 our contributors have sought to renew ethnographic theory by questioning some fundamentals that often “go without saying” (even for a community as circumspect as ours). Thus, the role of Time, Endings, Facts, and Functions all come under scrutiny, as well as how our very “ways of world making” hinge on the categories implicit within our disciplinary commitments. But, unless such reflective (and reflexive) concerns get reapplied in practice, there is no PRAXIS (to refine, or transform, what is done towards ‘the next level’). However, as the concerns of these authors all stem from ‘real’ conundrums or opportunities in their own research (and since they have already sweated much of the theoretical labor for us) hearing what they say should enable you to achieve PRAXIS in your own work. So the invitation is open – apply this thinking and learning to realize how engaging with ethnographic theory entails enriching your practice of ethnography.
Reproducibility of a novel model of murine asthma-like pulmonary inflammation (2004)

Sensitization to cockroach allergens (CRA) has been implicated as a major cause of asthma, especially among inner-city populations. Endotoxin from Gram-negative bacteria has also been investigated for its role in attenuating or exacerbating the asthmatic response. We have created a novel model utilizing house dust extract (HDE) containing high levels of both CRA and endotoxin to induce pulmonary inflammation (PI) and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). A potential drawback of this model is that the HDE is in limited supply and preparation of new HDE will not contain the exact components of the HDE used to define our model system. The present study involved testing HDEs collected from various homes for their ability to cause PI and AHR. Dust collected from five homes was extracted in phosphate buffered saline overnight. The levels of CRA and endotoxin in the supernatants varied from 7.1 to 49.5 mg/ml of CRA and 1.7-6 micro g/ml of endotoxin in the HDEs. Following immunization and two pulmonary exposures to HDE all five HDEs induced AHR, PI and plasma IgE levels substantially higher than normal mice. This study shows that HDE containing high levels of cockroach allergens and endotoxin collected from different sources can induce an asthma-like response in our murine model.
Speech Enhancement in Multiple-Noise Conditions Using Deep Neural Networks (2016)

In this paper we consider the problem of speech enhancement in real-world like conditions where multiple noises can simultaneously corrupt speech. Most of the current literature on speech enhancement focus primarily on presence of single noise in corrupted speech which is far from real-world environments. Specifically, we deal with improving speech quality in office environment where multiple stationary as well as non-stationary noises can be simultaneously present in speech. We propose several strategies based on Deep Neural Networks (DNN) for speech enhancement in these scenarios. We also investigate a DNN training strategy based on psychoacoustic models from speech coding for enhancement of noisy speech
On-line method for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric determination of rare earth elements in highly saline brines (1996)

A rapid and reliable on-line preconcentration method for the determination of REE in sea-water and highly saline brines by ICP-MS was developed. The method is based on REE separation from the saline water by adsorption on a micro-column of silica-immobilized 8-hydroxyquinoline. After adsorption on the micro-column at pH 9, the REE are eluted with a small volume of mixed acids and introduced into the ICP-MS instrument. The system operates at low pressure. Total time of preconcentration and analysis is less than 10 min. Detection limits in highly saline waters range from 0.06 ng l–1 for Tb and Ho to 0.6 ng l–1 for Ce and Nd. Since there is no REE sea-water reference, the analytical results obtained by this method were compared with those quoted in the literature.
Innovative Therapeutics (2016)

Endogenous natriuretic peptides serve as potent activators of particulate guanylyl cyclase receptors and the second messenger cGMP. Natriuretic peptides are essential in maintenance of volume homeostasis, and can be of myocardial, renal and endothelial origin. Advances in peptide engineering have permitted the ability to pursue highly innovative drug discovery strategies. This has resulted in designer natriuretic peptides that go beyond native peptides in efficacy, specificity, and resistance to enzymatic degradation. Together with recent improvements in peptide delivery systems, which have improved bioavailability, further advances in this field have been made. Therefore, designer natriuretic peptides with pleotropic actions together with strategies of chronic delivery have provided an unparalleled opportunity for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we report the conceptual framework of peptide engineering of the natriuretic peptides that resulted in designer peptides for cardiovascular disease. We specifically provide an update on those currently in clinical trials for heart failure and hypertension, which include Cenderitide, ANX042 and ZD100.
Transcriptional analysis of the sweet orange interaction with the citrus canker pathogens <i>Xanthomonas axonopodis</i> pv. <i>citri</i> and <i>Xanthomonas axonopodis</i> pv. <i>aurantifolii</i> (2008)

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. aurantifolii pathotype C (Xaa) are responsible for citrus canker disease; however, while Xac causes canker on all citrus varieties, Xaa is restricted to Mexican lime, and in sweet oranges it triggers a defence response. To gain insights into the differential pathogenicity exhibited by Xac and Xaa and to survey the early molecular events leading to canker development, a detailed transcriptional analysis of sweet orange plants infected with the pathogens was performed. Using differential display, suppressed subtractive hybridization and microarrays, we identified changes in transcript levels in approximately 2.0% of the approximately 32,000 citrus genes examined. Genes with altered expression in response to Xac/Xaa surveyed at 6 and 48 h post-infection (hpi) were associated with cell-wall modifications, cell division and expansion, vesicle trafficking, disease resistance, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and responses to hormones auxin, gibberellin and ethylene. Most of the genes that were commonly modulated by Xac and Xaa were associated with basal defences triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns, including those involved in reactive oxygen species production and lignification. Significantly, we detected clear changes in the transcriptional profiles of defence, cell-wall, vesicle trafficking and cell growth-related genes in Xac-infected leaves between 6 and 48 hpi. This is consistent with the notion that Xac suppresses host defences early during infection and simultaneously changes the physiological status of the host cells, reprogramming them for division and growth. Notably, brefeldin A, an inhibitor of vesicle trafficking, retarded canker development. In contrast, Xaa triggered a mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathway involving WRKY and ethylene-responsive transcriptional factors known to activate downstream defence genes.
RECENT ADVANCES IN CaSO<sub>4</sub>OXYGEN CARRIER FOR CHEMICAL-LOOPING COMBUSTION (CLC) PROCESS (2012)

Abstract Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is a novel combustion technology with inherent separation of the greenhouse gas CO2 and low NOx (NO, NO2, N2O) emissions. In CLC, the solid oxygen carrier supplies the stoichiometric oxygen needed for CO2 and water formation, resulting in a free nitrogen mixture. The performance of oxygen carrier is the key to CLC's application. A good oxygen carrier for CLC should readily react with the fuel (fuel reactor) and should be re-oxidized upon being contacted with oxygen (air reactor). In this case, the behavior of CaSO4 as an oxygen carrier for a CLC process, reacting with gas fuels (e.g., CO, H2, and CH4) and solid fuels (e.g., coal and biomass), has been analyzed. The performance of the oxygen carrier can be improved by changing the preparation method or by making mixed oxides. Generally, Al2O3, SiO2, etc., which act a porous support providing a higher surface area for reaction, are used as the inert binder to increase the reactivity, durability, and fluidizability of the oxygen carrier particles. Further, simulation analysis of a CLC process based on CaSO4 oxygen carrier was also analyzed. Finally, some important tendencies related to CaSO4 oxygen carrier in CLC technology are put forward. Keywords: CaSO4 oxygen carrierChemical-looping combustionReaction kinetics Acknowledgments The financial support from New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-07-0473), Natural Science Foundation of China (20676064, 20876079), and Taishan Mountain Scholar Constructive Engineering Foundation (JS 200510036) is greatly appreciated. Notes a +: positive; –: negative; ∼: neutral. b Maximum possible oxygen carrying capacity by weight percent, pure basis; achievable using excess fuel (actual). c Maximum theoretical conversion of a syngas (66.6% CO and 33.3% H2) to CO2 and H2O in the presence of the given metal oxide at 850°C (calculated by Aspen Plus). d Reactivity refers to the rates of the reactions between metal oxides and syngas (CO and H2).
Cardiac trauma from angiographic injections. A quantitative study. (1978)

To relate angiographic injections to potential cardiac trauma, we verified a mathematic theory that allows quantitative definition of the kinetic energy content of contrast jets emanating from the exit holes of angiographic catheters. Cineangiographic recordings of a range of jets of known energy content were obtained in 18 cardiac canine experiments and energy content and dissipation were quantified precisely from center line to jet edge. All contrast jets produced in clinical angiographic practice were turbulent, even those from hand injections into the coronary arteries. Energy content was related to an estimated cardiac wall damage threshold. At energy levels and damage thresholds predicted by the theory and computations, a traumatic spectrum was found by cineradiology and microscopic examination. A unique curve independent of jet Reynolds number was discovered relating the penetration of the contrast jet into the intravascular blood to the potential for cardiac trauma. This curve allowed ready calculation of hydraulic energy dissipation for any clinically used angiographic catheter and the definition of safe operational injection flow rates. Thus potential cardiac trauma can be anticipated and prevented.
Partition detection and optimistic commit for dynamically reconfigurable distributed databases (1988)

This paper addresses the problem of providing reliability in face of network partitioning for a dynamically reconfigurable distributed database system with an underlying hierarchical network topology. Solutions to the problems of partition detection and the proper termination of transactions are suggested. Passive partition detection protocols designed to handle node failures and connections are presented. The basis for these protocols is the idea of maintaining multiple network servers across the network to ensure communication within any cluster of two nodes. In the process, a network server allocation algorithm is derived to meet this need. This paper also proposes a new transaction management model based on the idea of non-blocking partition processing. An extended quorum-based commitment protocol and an optimistic quorum-based termination protocol are developed to support this goal.
The SCIP Optimization Suite 4.0 (2017)

The SCIP Optimization Suite is a powerful collection of optimization software that consists of the branch-cut-and-price framework and mixed-integer programming solver SCIP, the linear programming solver SoPlex, the modeling language Zimpl, the parallelization framework UG, and the generic branch-cut-and-price solver GCG. Additionally, it features the extensions SCIP-Jack for solving Steiner tree problems, PolySCIP for solving multi-objective problems, and SCIP-SDP for solving mixed-integer semidefinite programs. The SCIP Optimization Suite has been continuously developed and has now reached version 4.0. The goal of this report is to present the recent changes to the collection. We not only describe the theoretical basis, but focus on implementation aspects and their computational consequences.