gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fat Accumulation in the Liver Is Associated with Defects in Insulin Suppression of Glucose Production and Serum Free Fatty Acids Independent of Obesity in Normal Men (2002)

We determined whether interindividual variation in hepatic insulin sensitivity could be attributed to variation in liver fat content (LFAT) independent of obesity. We recruited 30 healthy nondiabetic men whose LFAT (determined by proton spectroscopy); intraabdominal, sc, and total (determined by magnetic resonance imaging) fat; and insulin sensitivity of endogenous glucose rate of production (R(a)) and suppression of serum FFA [euglycemic insulin clamp combined with [3-(3)H]glucose (0-300 min); insulin infusion rate, 0.3 mU/kg.min, 120-300 min] were measured. The men were divided into groups of low (mean +/- SD, 1.7 +/- 0.2%) and high (10.5 +/- 2.0%) LFAT based on their median fat content. The low and high LFAT groups were comparable with respect to age (44 +/- 2 vs. 42 +/- 2 yr), body mass index (25 +/- 1 vs. 26 +/- 1 kg/m(2) ), waist to hip ratio (0.953 +/- 0.013 vs. 0.953 +/- 0.013), maximal oxygen uptake (35.6 +/- 1.5 vs. 33.5 +/- 1.5 ml/kg.min), and intraabdominal, sc, and total fat. The high compared with the low LFAT group had several features of insulin resistance, including fasting hyperinsulinemia (7.3 +/- 0.6 vs. 5.3 +/- 0.6 mU/liter; P < 0.02, high vs. low LFAT) hypertriglyceridemia (1.4 +/- 0.2 vs. 0.9 +/- 0.1 mmol/liter; P < 0.02), a low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration (1.4 +/- 0.1 vs. 1.6 +/- 0.1 mmol/liter; P < 0.05), and a higher ambulatory 24-h systolic blood pressure (130 +/- 3 vs. 122 +/- 3 mm Hg; P < 0.05). Basal glucose R(a) and serum FFA were comparable between the groups, whereas insulin suppression of glucose R(a) [51 +/- 8 vs. 20 +/- 12 mg/m(2).min during 240-300 min (P < 0.05) or -55 +/- 7 vs. -85 +/- 12% below basal (P < 0.05, high vs. low LFAT)] and of serum FFA (299 +/- 33 vs. 212 +/- 13 micromol/liter; 240-300 min; P < 0.02) were impaired in the high compared with the low LFAT group. Insulin stimulation of glucose Rd were comparable in the men with high LFAT (141 +/- 12 mg/m(2).min) and those with low LFAT (156 +/- 14 mg/m(2).min; P = NS). Fat accumulation in the liver is, independent of body mass index and intraabdominal and overall obesity, characterized by several features of insulin resistance in normal weight and moderately overweight subjects.
An extended model for integration between the Oracle DBMS and WWW (2002)

In this paper, we propose a new type of gateway for WWW-Oracle interface, called ORAWIS (ORAcle Web Interface System). It supports various types of relational queries on the WWW such as join between two tables, one level nested queries, ORDER BY and GROUP BY operations in a conditional clause. In addition, a application designer can suggest an access method for a table by query selection with a hint option on the WWW. It causes the Oracle optimizer to choose the specified access path. By this function, an application designer can choose more efficient way than the optimizer can determine. The designer can also check the execution time of the SQL statement on the WWW.
The operating microscope. IV. Documentation (1980)

The methods of documenting microsurgical procedures with 35-mm photography, Super 8 (8-mm) and 16-mm motion pictures, and television are discussed for the Zeiss OPMI 1, OPMI-6-S, and OPMI 7 P/H.
Clinical Value of Multiplexed Bead-Based Immunoassays for Detection of Autoantibodies to Nuclear Antigens (2007)

The advent of multiplexed bead assays in recent years has introduced a new dimension of testing for complex diseases such as lupus, which can involve multiple autoantibodies. The ability to rapidly identify multiple autoantibodies, with high sensitivity and specificity in an automated fashion, is highly attractive. The aim of this study was to assess the performance and clinical value of multiplexed bead-based (AtheNA Multi-Lyte ANA-II test system) immunoassays both by comparing the results with those achieved by indirect fluorescent-antibody assay (IFA) or conventional enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) and by independent identification of autoantibodies in well-characterized samples. To achieve this goal, 984 samples were tested for seven analytes (SS/A, SS/B, Sm, RNP, Scl-70, double-stranded DNA [dsDNA], and centromere B) in both traditional and bead-based assays. The average concordance for the different analytes was 91%, ranging from 81% (dsDNA) to 97% (centromere B). The average relative specificity and sensitivity for the analytes were also high, 92% and 81%, respectively. An examination of 93 "normal controls" demonstrated a 7% false-positive rate, which was comparable to IFA. Percentages of different autoantibodies found in patients with a variety of disease conditions (34 with calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia; 41 with mixed connective tissue disease; 24 with scleroderma; and 35 with Sjogren's syndrome) were well within the range expected from each group. A scrutiny of results from AtheNA and EIA and Farr results for 185 systemic lupus erythematosus samples revealed comparable results by both methods, with the exception of SS/A and dsDNA, where AtheNA had a higher percentage of SS/A-positive results compared to EIA (51% versus 29%) and a lower percentage of dsDNA-positive results (18% versus 28% at a cutoff of 5 IU/ml).
Hydrogen solubility in 1:5 compounds between yttrium or thorium and nickel or cobalt (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrogen solubility in 1:5 compounds between yttrium or thorium and nickel or cobaltT. Takeshita, W. E. Wallace, and R. S. CraigCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1974, 13, 9, 2282–2283Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50139a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50139a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views186Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Acidity control of the gliding arc treatments of aqueous solutions: application to pollutant abatement and biodecontamination (2004)

A tight control of acidity is needed for performing oxidation–reduction reactions of organic compounds dissolved in liquid media, since the relevant reactions often involve the occurrence of protons; the matching kinetics are therefore acidity dependent. This feature holds for plasma treatments of aqueous wastes which are intended to abate the concentration in organic pollutants. Exposure of aqueous solutions to a gliding arc plasma in humid air induces acid and oxidising reactions in the condensed phase. Acid effect results from the occurrence of NO species formed in the plasma and leads to the formation in water of nitrous and nitric acids, which are responsible for a steep pH fall. Using selected buffers allows accurate controlling of the acidity, which is necessary for most of the plasma-chemical or plasma-biochemical reactions.
New Chemistry with Old Functional Groups: On the Reaction of Isonitriles with Carboxylic Acids—A Route to Various Amide Types (2008)

Thermolysis of isonitriles with carboxylic acids provides, in one step, N-formyl imides (see, for example, 8 + 19 --> 21). The resultant N-formyl group can be converted to N-H, NCH2OH, or NCH3. This chemistry allows for a new route for synthesizing beta-N (asparagine)-linked glycosyl amino acids.
Identification of difurocumenonol, a new antimicrobial compound from mango ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.) rhizome (2006)

A novel and natural antibacterial compound as well as mango ginger extracts can be used as food preservative to control the growth of food-borne pathogens and as a source of mango flavour.
Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy (LSFM) (2015)

The development of confocal microscopy techniques introduced the ability to optically section fluorescent samples in the axial dimension, perpendicular to the image plane. These approaches, via the placement of a pinhole in the conjugate image plane, provided superior resolution in the axial (z) dimension resulting in nearly isotropic optical sections. However, increased axial resolution, via pinhole optics, comes at the cost of both speed and excitation efficiency. Light sheet fluorescent microscopy (LSFM), a century-old idea made possible with modern developments in both excitation and detection optics, provides sub-cellular resolution and optical sectioning capabilities without compromising speed or excitation efficiency. Over the past decade, several variations of LSFM have been implemented each with its own benefits and deficiencies. Here we discuss LSFM fundamentals and outline the basic principles of several major light-sheet-based imaging modalities (SPIM, inverted SPIM, multi-view SPIM, Bessel beam SPIM, and stimulated emission depletion SPIM) while considering their biological relevance in terms of intrusiveness, temporal resolution, and sample requirements.
Rf Sputtered Na 0.5 K 0.5 NbO 3 Films on Oxide Substrates as Optical Waveguiding Material (2003)

Highly crystalline Na0.5K0.5NbO3 (NKN) thin films of 1-2 mum thickness were deposited by rf-magnetron sputtering of a stoichiometric, ceramic target on single crystal LaAlO3 (001) and Al2O3 (01 (1) ...
Formation of thin superconducting films by the laser processing method (1987)

We have prepared thin films of Y-Ba-Cu-O superconductors using a pulsed laser evaporation technique. Thin films were formed on (100) Si, (100) MgO, (1̄102) sapphire, (100) SrTiO3, and amorphous SiO2 substrates using a XeCl excimer laser (λ=0.308 μm, τ=45×10−9 s). The depositions were done in an ultrahigh vacuum chamber with pressure of about 10−6 Torr during thin-film formation. The deposition by pulsed nanosecond laser irradiation results in stoichiometry close to that of the target. The thickness of the film was controlled by varying the pulse energy density and the number of pulses. The substrate temperature was kept at 470 °C during deposition. Subsequent annealing treatments were carried out at 900 and 650 °C in oxygen atmosphere to recover the superconducting properties of these thin films. The resistance of these films was measured as a function of temperature using the four-point probe method. These thin films were analyzed using cross-section transmission electron microscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, and channeling techniques. The variation in the oxygen content and the interdiffusion of species into the substrate during subsequent annealing treatments are discussed.
Active control for single camera SLAM (2006)

In this paper we consider a single hand-held camera performing SLAM at video rate with generic 6DOF motion. The aim is to optimise both the localisation of the sensor and building of the feature map by computing the most appropriate control actions or movements. The actions belong to a discrete set (e.g. go forward, go left, go up, turn right, etc), and are chosen so as to maximise the mutual information gain between posterior states and measurements. Maximising the mutual information helps the camera avoid making ill-conditioned measurements appropriate to bearing-only SLAM. Moreover, orientation changes are determined by maximising the trace of the Fisher information matrix. In this way, we allow the camera to continue looking at those landmarks with large uncertainty, but from better-posed directions. Various position and gaze control strategies are first tested in a simulated environment, and then validated in a video-rate implementation. Given that our system is capable of producing motion commands for a real-time 6DOF visual SLAM, it could be used with any type of mobile platform, without the need of other sensors
Agents targeting c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway as potential neuroprotectants (2005)

c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) plays an integral role in neuronal death in multiple cell lines following a wide variety of stimuli and in a number of physiological functions that may be involved in human disease, including CNS diseases. In the past decades, many researchers in this field have found and reinforced the concept that prolonged activation of JNK signalling can induce neuronal cell death by both a transcriptional induction of death-promoting genes and modulation of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. Data are emerging to extend the understanding of the JNK signalling and confirm the possibility that targeting JNK signalling may offer an effective therapy for pathological conditions in the near future. This review will focus on the pro-apoptotic role of JNK signalling and updated pharmacological inhibitors of this pathway.
Abnormally expressed ER stress response chaperone Gp96 in CD favours adherent-invasive <i>Escherichia coli</i> invasion (2010)

Gp96 is overexpressed on the apical surface of ileal epithelial cells in patients with CD and acts as a host cell receptor for OMVs, promoting AIEC invasion. From the results shown here, it is speculated that AIEC could take advantage of the abnormal expression of Gp96 in patients with CD to invade the ileal mucosa.
Subband decomposition independent component analysis and new performance criteria (2004)

We introduce a new extended model for independent component analysis (ICA) and/or blind source separation (BSS), in which the assumption of the standard ICA model that the source signals are mutually independent (or spatio-temporally uncorrelated) is relaxed. The source is presumed to be the sum of some independent and/or dependent subcomponents. We show a practical solution for this class of blind separation problem by using subband decomposition (SD) and the independence test by analyzing global mixing-demixing matrices obtained for various subbands or multi-bands. This is a very simple but efficient technique, and users just apply the proposed method to conventional ICA/BSS algorithms as pre- and post-processing. The proposed method has been tested for blind separation problems with partially dependent sources. The results indicate that the method is promising for the signal separation problem of speech, image, EEG data, etc.
Human β-defensin 2 but not β-defensin 1 is expressed preferentially in colonic mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease (2002)

HBD-1 is expressed constitutively in colonic tissue irrespective of inflammation. HBD-2 is barely present in uninflamed colon but it is induced in inflammation. The lower expression of HBD-2 in Crohn's disease compared with ulcerative colitis indicates different responses of the mucosal innate defence. Defensins may play a crucial role in controlling pathogen invasion in IBD, although the functional significance remains to be established.
Production of colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) during infection: separate determinations of macrophage-, granulocyte-, granulocyte-macrophage-, and multi-CSFs (1988)

After infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes, elevated levels of colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) in the serum were quantitated by six different assays: ability to stimulate colony formation, the proliferation of 2 suspension of bone marrow cells (both measuring total colony-stimulating activity), a radioimmunoassay for macrophage-CSF (CSF-1), the WEHI-3B differentiation assay for granulocyte-CSF, and proliferation of 32D-c1-3 and FDC-P1 cell lines (specific for multi-CSF and either multi- or granulocyte-macrophage-CSFs, respectively). The great bulk of serum colony-stimulating activity represented macrophage- and granulocyte-CSFs, with small but measurable amounts of granulocyte-macrophage-CSF. The degree of elevation of serum CSF depended on the infecting dose used and the numbers of bacteria growing in the spleens and livers of the two mouse strains compared, i.e., L. monocytogenes-resistant C57BL/10 and susceptible BALB/cJ. The increase in serum CSFs occurred before the peak in bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage progenitors and before the reduction in bacterial numbers which follows the onset of specific cell-mediated immunity.
Multiparticle interactions and stimulated emission in chemically synthesized quantum dots (2002)

We study the effect of multiparticle interactions on optical gain and stimulated emission in close-packed solids of chemically synthesized CdSe nanocrystals (nanocrystal quantum dots). An analysis of pump-dependent nonlinear absorption signals indicates that the band-edge optical gain is due to multiparticle states with a dominant contribution from doubly excited nanocrystals (quantum-confined biexcitons). We observe that optical gain dynamics are due to the competition between ultrafast hole surface trapping and multiparticle Auger decay. We analyze the effect of intrinsic Auger recombination on optical gain lifetimes and gain pump intensity thresholds.
A 77% energy-saving 22-transistor single-phase-clocking D-flip-flop with adaptive-coupling configuration in 40nm CMOS (2011)

Flip-flops (FF) typically consume more than 50% of random-logic power in an SoC chip, due to their redundant transition of internal nodes, when the input and the output are in the same state. Several low-power techniques have been proposed, but all of them incur transistor-count penalties, leading to an increase in size, which is too costly since flip-flops typically account for 50% of random-logic area. In this work, we design and test a D-flip-flop, known as adaptive-coupling flip-flop (ACFF), which has a reduced transistor count compared to other low-power flip-flops, and 2 fewer transistors than the mainstream transmission-gate flip-flop (TGFF). ACFF features a single-phase clocking structure, with no local clock buffer and no precharging stage, enabling it to be more energy efficient than TGFF, where up to 77% energy saving is achieved at 0% data activity. ACFF also has an adaptive-coupling configuration, which weakens state retention coupling during a transition, allowing it to be tolerant to process variations. Test chips are fabricated in a 40nm CMOS technology for 1.1V application, and 500k ACFFs are tested over all chips in 5 skew wafers. All tested ACFFs are fully functional down to 0.75V supply voltage, with spreads of timing parameters comparable to TGFF. We also demonstrate a P&R test by employing ACFF to a wireless LAN chip, and the results indicate chip power is reduced by as much as 24%.
Growth of Mouse Ascites Tumor Cells in Diffusion Chambers. I. Studies of Growth Rate of Cells and of the Rate of Entry of Antibody<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref> (1958)

Sampling chambers, designed to permit the flow of ascites fluid but to exclude host cells, will admit isoantibody. Hemagglutinating, neutralizing, and protective effects have been demonstrated. The rate of fluid entry into cell-impermeable millipore chambers is slow, and the membrane acts as a considerable diffusion barrier to the entry of antibody. The peritoneum acts as an initial barrier to the flow of antibody from the blood stream to the chamber. Ascites tumor cells grow progressively in the sampling chamber after a sharp, early drop in cell number. The rate of rapid growth is sufficiently consistent to permit quantitative measurements of the effect of antibody.
AN ONTOLOGY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE PROJECTS (2004)

Different proposals exist to represent the software maintenance process. However most of them are very informal or too focussed on a specific goal. We have developed a semi-formal ontology where the main concepts, according to the literature related to software maintenance, have been described. This ontology, besides representing static aspects, also represents dynamic issues related to the management of software maintenance projects. In order to develop an ontology a suitable methodology should also be followed. REFSENO was the methodology used in this work. The ontology that this work presents is not a preliminary idea but it has already been used in software maintenance environments, such as MANTIS, which is currently working successfully.
p53 induction is associated with neuronal damage in the central nervous system. (1994)

The p53 tumor-suppressor gene encodes a growth-regulatory protein that has been implicated in programmed cell death. To investigate the possible role of p53 in neuronal death, we studied p53 expression associated with excitotoxicity in the adult rat brain. Within hours of systemic administration of the glutamate analogue kainic acid, p53 mRNA levels were increased in neurons exhibiting morphological features of damage within kainate-vulnerable brain regions. A similar distribution was found for neurons exhibiting DNA damage as evidenced by in situ end-labeling of fragmented DNA. Pretreatment with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide prevented both kainate-mediated p53 induction and neuronal damage. The distinctive pattern of excitotoxin-mediated p53 expression suggests that p53 induction is a marker of irreversible injury in postmitotic cells of the central nervous system and could have functional significance in determining selective neuronal vulnerability.
A room temperature all-optical polarization switch based on the excitation of spin-polarized "virtual" carriers in quantum wells (2005)

Room temperature operation of a polarization switch based on virtual excitation of spin-polarized carriers in quantum wells is demonstrated, which exhibits a contrast ratio of /spl sim/27:1 and a switching time of /spl sim/575 fs.
Determining globular protein stability: guanidine hydrochloride denaturation of myoglobin (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermining globular protein stability: guanidine hydrochloride denaturation of myoglobinC. Nick Pace and Keith E. VanderburgCite this: Biochemistry 1979, 18, 2, 288–292Publication Date (Print):January 23, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 23 January 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00569a008https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00569a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2826Altmetric-Citations124LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts