gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Release of transforming growth factor-beta 1 from the pericellular matrix of cultured fibroblasts and fibrosarcoma cells by plasmin and thrombin. (1992)

A sensitive immunoblotting assay was developed for the detection of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 from cell extracts and culture medium. HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cells and human fibroblasts were used as models for the secretion and proteolytic release of pericellular matrix-associated TGF-beta 1. Analysis of the pericellular matrices of the cells indicated that the majority of cell-layer associated TGF-beta 1 was associated with the pericellular matrix. Treatment of the cells with plasmin or thrombin released the matrix-associated TGF-beta 1 to the culture medium. Assays for the biological activity of plasmin-released TGF-beta 1 by Mv1Lu cell growth inhibition assays indicated that the majority was in the latent form. Northern hybridization analyses indicated that the mRNA levels of TGF-beta 1 were not elevated during the proteinase treatment. Experiments using radiolabeled TGF-beta 1 indicated that exogenous active TGF-beta 1 associates mainly with the presumed TGF-beta 1 receptors that were not retained in the extracellular matrix preparations. These results indicate that a major fraction of latent TGF-beta 1 that is produced by the cells is deposited to and remains associated with the pericellular matrices of cultured fibroblasts and fibrosarcoma cells, and that matrix-associated TGF-beta 1 is very susceptible to release by various proteolytic enzymes.
Comparison of electrode discrimination, pitch ranking, and pitch scaling data in postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant subjects (1997)

The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between variation in electrode site of stimulation and the perceptual dimensions along which such stimuli vary. This information may allow more effective use of electrode place when encoding speech information. To achieve this goal, two procedures which measure pitch in subjects implanted with the Nucleus/Cochlear Corporation multichannel device were performed. Estimates of electrode discriminability that can be obtained from these procedures were compared to a more direct measure of electrode discriminability that was obtained in a previous study [Collins et al., Assoc. Res. Otolaryng. Abstracts, No. 642 (1994)]. In the first task, subjects performed a pitch ranking procedure similar to that used in previous studies [Townshend et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 82, 106-115 (1987); Nelson et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 98, 1987-1999 (1995)]. Estimates of the pitch percept elicited by stimulation of each electrode as well as the discriminability of the electrodes were generated from the data using two different statistical analyses. In the second task, subjects performed a pitch scaling procedure similar to one used in a previous study [Busby et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 95, 2658-2669 (1994)]. Again, two different statistical analyses were performed to generate estimates of the pitch percept corresponding to stimulation of each electrode and to generate estimates of electrode discriminability. In general, the estimates of the relationships between the pitch percepts obtained from the two procedures were not identical. In addition, the estimates of electrode discriminability were not equivalent to the electrode discrimination measures obtained from the same subjects during the previous study. Signal detection theory has been used to model the decision processes required by each of the procedures described above [e.g., Jesteadt and Bilger, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 55, 1266-1276 (1974)]. However, these models do not predict the differences that were observed between the data sets obtained during this study. An alternate model is proposed which may explain the data obtained from these subjects. This model is based on the assumption that the percept that is elicited by electrical stimulation of an electrode is multidimensional, as opposed to unidimensional in nature. Therefore, the perceived signal is more appropriately modeled using a multidimensional random vector, where each element of the vector represents the perceived value of one of the dimensions of the signal.
Solid‐phase synthesis and characterization of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) domains (1998)

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a 180,000 dalton cell surface glycoprotein expressed on tumors of the colon, breast, ovary, and lung, has seven predicted immunoglobulin-like domains (N-A1-B1-A2-B2-A3-B3), most of which are recognized by distinct monoclonal antibodies. To study the individual domains, we have prepared several of the domains (N, A3, B3, and A3-B3) by solid-phase peptide synthesis. The syntheses were performed by the Fmoc method using single couplings, elevated temperatures for both the coupling and deblocking reactions, and a flexible solvent system for the coupling reactions. The syntheses were accomplished on an in-house built synthesizer which allowed for temperature control and flexible solvent control during the course of the coupling reactions. Due to the large size of the peptides (84-184 residues), it was anticipated that the overall purity of the final product would not exceed 60% even for an average coupling yield of 99.5%. Therefore, several of the peptides were synthesized with a His6 "tail" at the amino terminus, allowing for purification on a Ni-NTA chelate column. For the most part, the purified peptides exhibited single sharp peaks by RP-HPLC, migrated at their expected molecular weights by gel permeation chromatography, gave correct masses by electrospray ionization or matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, gave the expected amino acid analyses, N-terminal sequences, and tryptic maps, and bound their appropriate monoclonal antibodies. The N-domain was extremely hydrophobic, requiring 6M guanidinium hydrochloride for solubilization, the A3 domain was soluble in dilute acid, and the B3 domain had an intermediate solubility. The affinity constants of the A3 domain and several mutants (also made by peptide synthesis) are reported, along with characterization of the 178 amino acid two-domain peptide, A3-B3. Although there is no evidence for proper folding of these domains by NMR, their ability to bind monoclonal antibodies with high affinity suggests that this is a plausible approach for producing individual domains of CEA.
Layer-by-Layer Assembled Thin Films and Microcapsules of Nanocrystalline Cellulose for Hydrophobic Drug Delivery (2014)

A layer-by-layer (LbL) approach has been employed for the fabrication of multilayer thin films and microcapsules having nanofibrous morphology using nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) as one of the components of the assembly. The applicability of these nanoassemblies as drug delivery carriers has been explored by the loading of an anticancer drug, doxorubicin hydrochloride, and a water-insoluble drug, curcumin. Doxorubicin hydrochloride, having a good water solubility, is postloaded in the assembly. In the case of curcumin, which is very hydrophobic and has limited solubility in water, a stable dispersion is prepared via noncovalent interaction with NCC prior to incorporation in the LbL assembly. The interaction of various other lipophilic drugs with NCC was analyzed theoretically by molecular docking in consideration of NCC as a general carrier for hydrophobic drugs.
Picosecond optoelectronic measurement of the high-frequency scattering parameters of a GaAs FET (1986)

To investigate the application of picosecond optoelectronics to device diagnostics, we use these techniques to characterize a high frequency GaAs field effect transistor (FET). The picosecond transient response of the device is transformed to the frequency domain to extract scattering parameters with >60 GHz bandwidth. The large bandwidth available and simple de-embedding procedures make this a very promising technique for characterization of devices operating in the millimeter-wave region.
Synthesis of Porous Materials: Zeolites: Clays, and Nanostructures (1996)

A perspective on zeolite synthesis: how do you know what you'll get? influence of physicochemical and structural properties of aluminosilicate gel precursors on the kinetics of crystallization zeolites A and X homogeneous versus heterogeneous zeolite nucleation: a SAXS-WAXS study synthesis and characterization of UTD-1: a novel neolite molecular sieve the synthesis of omega zeolite from a TMA-free system which uses p-dioxane as a co-solvent the structure directing effect of fluoride in the AL2O3-P2O5-HF-TEAOH-H2O system the deposition of zeolites from gas phase stable suspensions of colloidal silicalite-1 crystals free from organic materials factors affecting the MTW zeolite crystallization process semi-batch synthesis of sillicalite-1 alkaline aqueous solutions by monitored addition of an acid or an alcohol flux growth of millimetre-sized single crystal aluminate sodalite synthesis of aluminophosphates in the presence of metal-chelate complexes synthesis of octahedral molecular sieves and layered materials preparation of two cobalt-substituted zincophosphate molecular sieves synthesis of VPI-8: the first large pore zincosilicate template directed synthesis of the high-silica microsporous materials RUB-3, RUB-10 and RUB-13 synthesis and characterization of several gallium-containing molecular sieves with the offretite structure synthesis and characterization of Ga-substituted zeolite ZSM-20 ferrierite: as synthesized and dealuminated with a Si/AI ration from 10 to infinity kilogram scale production of EMT zeolite: optimization of the synthesis conditions the kinetics of solid-state ion exchange between CuCI and sodium forms of zeoliotes heteropolytungstates with cavities: the influence of the template on the structure the synthesis and reactivity of zeolite NaX encapsulated ruthenium perfluorophthalocyanines self assembly silica-surfactant liquid crystals during mesophase materials synthesis a simple geometric modelling of the porosity of MCM-41 type materials. (Part contents).
A Hybrid Semantic Parsing Approach for Tabular Data Analysis (2019)

This paper presents a novel approach to translating natural language questions to SQL queries for given tables, which meets three requirements as a real-world data analysis application: cross-domain, multilingualism and enabling quick-start. Our proposed approach consists of: (1) a novel data abstraction step before the parser to make parsing table-agnosticism; (2) a set of semantic rules for parsing abstracted data-analysis questions to intermediate logic forms as tree derivations to reduce the search space; (3) a neural-based model as a local scoring function on a span-based semantic parser for structured optimization and efficient inference. Experiments show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms on a large open benchmark dataset WikiSQL. We also achieve promising results on a small dataset for more complex queries in both English and Chinese, which demonstrates our language expansion and quick-start ability.
Comparison of Healon and Viscoat in cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. (1988)

Sixty patients were randomly assigned to Healon (20 patients) or Viscoat (40 patients) treatment during extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation surgery. The 40 patients in the Viscoat group were randomly subdivided into two groups. In one group (20 patients), Viscoat was irrigated/aspirated from the eye at the close of surgery, while in the second group of 20 patients, Viscoat was left in the eye. In all Healon cases, the viscoelastic substance was removed from the eye at the end of the surgical procedure. Compared with Viscoat, Healon better facilitated the surgical procedure and appeared to be a more advantageous viscoelastic preparation. Viscoat, in many cases, caused rises in intraocular pressure in the immediate postoperative period when either removed or left in the eye at the close of surgery.
Immunogenic Subtypes of Breast Cancer Delineated by Gene Classifiers of Immune Responsiveness (2016)

Abstract The abundance and functional orientation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer is associated with distant metastasis-free survival, yet how this association is influenced by tumor phenotypic heterogeneity is poorly understood. Here, a bioinformatics approach defined tumor biologic attributes that influence this association and delineated tumor subtypes that may differ in their ability to sustain durable antitumor immune responses. A large database of breast tumor expression profiles and associated clinical data was compiled, from which the ability of phenotypic markers to significantly influence the prognostic performance of a classification model that incorporates immune cell–specific gene signatures was ascertained. Markers of cell proliferation and intrinsic molecular subtype reproducibly distinguished two breast cancer subtypes that we refer to as immune benefit-enabled (IBE) and immune benefit-disabled (IBD). The IBE tumors, comprised mostly of highly proliferative tumors of the basal-like, HER2-enriched, and luminal B subtypes, could be stratified by the immune classifier into significantly different prognostic groups, while IBD tumors could not, indicating the potential for productive engagement of metastasis-protective immunity in IBE tumors, but not in IBD tumors. The prognostic stratification in IBE was independent of conventional variables. Gene network analysis predicted the activation of TNFα/IFNγ signaling pathways in IBE tumors and the activation of the transforming growth factor-β pathway in IBD tumors. This prediction supports a model in which breast tumors can be distinguished on the basis of their potential for metastasis-protective immune responsiveness. Whether IBE and IBD represent clinically relevant contexts for evaluating sensitivity to immunotherapeutic agents warrants further investigation. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(7); 600–10. ©2016 AACR.
Leak Location in Plates: Compensation for Multi-Mode dispersion (2004)

The problem of noise source location in a plate‐like structure using time of flight data recorded at sparsely distributed measurement locations is examined. The cross‐correlation approach to source triangulation is not generally applicable to signals carried by multiple dispersive plate wave modes. This work examines the extensions to the principles of cross‐correlation‐based triangulation needed to robustly determine source location.
Developmental Morphology of Larvae and Eggs of the Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta1 (1979)

The egg of the imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, becomes embryo-like before the larva emerges. Hatching is described. First instars are hairless. Second instars have only a few small, simple hairs. Third instars have moderately numerous short hairs, either simple, branched or bifid. Fourth instars have long, straight, simple hairs on the head and anteroventral body region; all other body hairs and some posterior head hairs are strongly bifid. The mandibles of only the 4th instar are sclerotized. Both eggs and larvae stick together in clumps in the colony by means in eggs and 1st and 2nd instars of an adhesive coating, and in 3rd and 4th instars by hooked hairs which interlock on adjacent larvae. A simple method for determining the developmental stage of live larvae of the imported fire ant is provided.
Characterization of Liquid Crystalline Polymers for Electro-optic Applications (1983)

In this paper we discuss properties of a novel medium displaying nonvanishing χ(2). It is a medium whose properties are a synthesis of different classes of materials: liquid crystals, polymers and molecules possessing extremely large second-order nonlinear polarizability. We begin by briefly reviewing the special optics related properties of liquid crystals, polymers and liquid crystalline polymers (lc polymers), then show the synthesis of ideas which suggests pursuit of molecular doping of the latter. We discuss the physics of guest molecule alignment in a nematic host and the relationship of the response to DC poling fields and the induced χ(2) tensors. Subsequently aspects of second harmonic generation (SHG) experimental characterization of χ(2) are considered. Dynamical and temperature dependent aspects of SHG are presented which indicate that the lc polymer host plays more than a passive role in the poling-freezing process. We therefore present experimental investigations of associated properties of these lc
Organoaluminum-promoted Beckmann rearrangement of oxime sulfonates (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganoaluminum-promoted Beckmann rearrangement of oxime sulfonatesKeiji Maruoka, Tohru Miyazaki, Mamoru Ando, Yasushi Matsumura, Soichi Sakane, Kazunobu Hattori, and Hisashi YamamotoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 9, 2831–2843Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00347a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00347a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2520Altmetric-Citations205LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ion Storage in Three-Dimensional, Rotationally Symmetric, Quadrupole Fields. I. Theoretical Treatment (1968)

The theoretical basis for the trapping of charged particles in a three-dimensional, rotationally symmetric, quadrupole field is discussed. The authors have constructed both a sensitive mass spectrometer and an ion gauge based on ion storage. This paper presents background material for this work, based on numerically computed solutions to the differential equations of motion. Predictions are obtained concerning ion trajectories, resolution, sensitivity, storage, and peak shape.
Connecting Dopant Bond Type with Electronic Structure in N-Doped Graphene (2012)

Robust methods to tune the unique electronic properties of graphene by chemical modification are in great demand due to the potential of the two dimensional material to impact a range of device applications. Here we show that carbon and nitrogen core-level resonant X-ray spectroscopy is a sensitive probe of chemical bonding and electronic structure of chemical dopants introduced in single-sheet graphene films. In conjunction with density functional theory based calculations, we are able to obtain a detailed picture of bond types and electronic structure in graphene doped with nitrogen at the sub-percent level. We show that different N-bond types, including graphitic, pyridinic, and nitrilic, can exist in a single, dilutely N-doped graphene sheet. We show that these various bond types have profoundly different effects on the carrier concentration, indicating that control over the dopant bond type is a crucial requirement in advancing graphene electronics.
Cell cycle analysis of amount and distribution of nuclear DNA topoisomerase I as determined by fluorescence digital imaging microscopy (1995)

Fluorescence digital imaging microscopy (FDIM) has been used to perform a cell cycle analysis of both the amount and the distribution of nuclear DNA topoisomerase I in individual CEM human leukemia cells. Cells were stained by indirect immunofluorescence methods using a polyclonal antiserum generated with a 21-amino-acid peptide representing amino acids 219-239 of human topoisomerase I. Immunohistochemical staining was followed by staining with Hoechst dye 33342, allowing DNA content to be determined in each cell. Cell cycle analysis showed that nuclear topoisomerase I content doubled (2.2-fold increase) as the cells progressed from G1 to G2/M phases of the cell cycle. However, when normalized for nuclear size, topoisomerase I content per nuclear area remained almost constant (1.3-fold increase). For comparison, we measured the amount of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a protein whose expression fluctuates during the cell cycle. Nuclear PCNA content increased 2.7-fold from G1 to S phase, then declined in G2/M- phases, whereas PCNA content per nuclear area increased 1.7-fold from G1 to S phase. We also measured topoisomerase I content in leucine-deprived cells to determine if altered growth conditions affect topoisomerase I protein expression. Compared to CEM cells in logarithmic growth, leucine-deprived CEM cells had 1.8-fold less topoisomerase I content per nuclear area. Subnuclear distribution studies of proliferating CEM cells showed topoisomerase I to be localized predominantly in the nucleoli throughout the cell cycle. In contrast, leucine-deprived cells exhibited a perinuclear distribution of topoisomerase I. Our results show that FDIM is a useful technique in determining the cell cycle position and both the content and the distribution of topoisomerase I as well as other nuclear proteins in individual cells.
Determination of Major Compounds of Alcoholic Fermentation by Middle-Infrared Spectroscopy: Study of Temperature Effects and Calibration Methods (1996)

The potential of Fourier transform middle-infrared spectroscopy has been demonstrated for the quantitative analysis of substrates (glucose and fructose) and metabolites (glycerol and ethanol) involved in alcoholic fermentation. Temperature variations between samples and water background reference caused changes in absorbance, and therefore the prediction of concentrations with partial least-squares (PLS) regressions was affected. The same temperatures for the calibration, validation, and prediction sets gave the smallest standard error of prediction (SEP): SEP glucose = 3.9 g L −1 ; SEP fructose = 4.3 g L −1 ; SEP glycerol = 0.5 g L −1 ; SEP ethanol = 1.3 g L −1 . In order to take different working temperatures (18, 25, and 35 °C) into account, an artificial neural network was used to create a nonlinear multivariate model. Compared to PLS regression, this method provided better results, especially for glycerol and ethanol, where SEP decreased by 0.3 g L −1 and 0.4 g L −1 , respectively.