gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of canine interdigestive proximal gastric motility by cholecystokinin octapeptide (1981)

Feeding abolishes cyclic interdigestive motility and decreases intraluminal pressure in autotransplanted pouches of canine proximal stomach. Our aim was to determine whether cholecystokinin might be the hormonal messenger involved. In four conscious dogs with autotransplanted proximal gastric pouches and chronic duodenal electrodes, intrapouch pressure and duodenal myoelectric activity were measured during fasting, while cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-OP) was infused intravenously for 4 h at doses 0, 15, 31, 62, 125, and 250 mg . kg-1 . h-1. Each dose was given five times to each animal. Cholecystokinin octapeptide inhibited the interdigestive cycles in both pouch and duodenum and decreased the pressure in the pouch. The threshold for these effects was 31 ng . kg-1 . h-1, and the ED50 was 62 ng . kg-1 . h-1. The dose of 125 ng . kg-1 . h-1 suppressed the cycles nearly completely and decreased mean +/- SE intrapouch pressure from 15.3 +/- 1.1 to 6.3 +/- 2.8 cmH2O . min (P less than 0.001). After the infusions were stopped, cyclic activity and intrapouch pressure returned promptly to control values. We concluded that CCK-OP at "physiological" doses abolished interdigestive cycles and decreased intraluminal pressure in autotransplanted pouches of canine proximal stomach.
Potential of ezetimibe in memory deficits associated with dementia of Alzheimer′s type in mice (2009)

The memory-restorative effect of ezetimibe can be attributed to its cholesterol-dependent as well as cholesterol-independent effects. The study highlights the potential of ezetimibe in memory dysfunctions associated with dementia of AD.
'Faster counting while walking' as a predictor of falls in older adults (2007)

Faster counting while walking was strongly associated with falls, suggesting that better performance in an additional verbal counting task while walking might represent a new way to predict falls among older adults.
A declarative framework for semantic link discovery over relational data (2009)

In this paper, we present a framework for online discovery of semantic links from relational data. Our framework is based on declarative specification of the linkage requirements by the user, that allows matching data items in many real-world scenarios. These requirements are translated to queries that can run over the relational data source, potentially using the semantic knowledge to enhance the accuracy of link discovery. Our framework lets data publishers to easily find and publish high-quality links to other data sources, and therefore could significantly enhance the value of the data in the next generation of web.
Experiments in load migration and dynamic load balancing in SPEEDES (1998)

It is well known that the performance of a parallel discrete-event simulation (PDES) depends on the allocation of the workload to processors. In particular, poor performance may be the result of an imbalance of the workload on the processors. In earlier work, we examined automated load balancing techniques that statically allocated the workload based on prior run-time data. However, a good initial distribution of the workload may result in a load imbalance if the characteristics of the simulation change over time. Furthermore, some of the processors may gain external workloads at some point in time. Thus, there is a need for dynamic load balancing methods that can adapt to changes in the simulation or the system. In this paper, we discuss our experiments in dynamic load (object) migration and load balancing using the SPEEDES simulation framework.
Cholinesterase Inhibitors: A Therapeutic Strategy for Alzheimer Disease (1999)

Relative to placebo, new AChEIs in development provide modest improvements in cognition for patients with mild to moderate AD, with improved tolerability profiles and more convenient dosing relative to tacrine. The availability of a wide array of AChEIs soon to be accessible to patients with AD will provide additional options to those who cannot tolerate or do not respond to drugs currently used for AD.
이용자혜택이론에 따른 중국 심천시 어번 빌리지의 특성 (2011)

As China's economy experienced great changes in the past 30 years since its economic reform started in the 1978, the demographic structure of the country also went through enormous change since then. Millions of people came from less developed areas to urban cities in the seek of work, education and better standard of living. For their low incomes, many of them live in urban villages because of the affordable rental fee. However, these villages have relatively poor living conditions. This study is to find out the characteristics of a chosen urban village in Shenzhen and thus recommendations can be made to be as fundamental data for future modifications or housing planning. To do the analysis, Murtha and Lee's UBC theory was used. The properties of the village were analyzed in the perspectives of physical, mental, and social health. The result shows that there are still much room for improvement for the environment in the village.
Studies on diarrhea in neonatal calves. 3. Acid-base and serum electrolyte values in normal calves from birth to ten days of age. (1971)

A detailed clinical examination was conducted and blood samples were collected from a total of 151 normal calves as soon as possible after birth and at two to three day intervals until the calves were ten days old. The mean venous pH values for calves from birth to ten days of age was 7.38 +/- 0.05. The mean serum sodium, potassium, magnesium, inorganic phosphate, calcium and chloride ion concentrations in normal calves from birth to ten days of age were 148 +/- 13, 5.4 +/- 0.8, 2.1 +/- 0.4, 4.3 +/- 0.8, 5.6 +/- 0.5, 95 +/-5, mEq/litre respectively. The mean serum osmolality in normal calves from birth to ten days of age was 280 +/- 12 mOsm/litre.
Production of Pyomelanin, a Second Type of Melanin, via the Tyrosine Degradation Pathway in <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> (2008)

Aspergillus fumigatus is the most important airborne fungal pathogen of immunosuppressed humans. A. fumigatus is able to produce dihydroxynaphthalene melanin, which is predominantly present in the conidia. Its biosynthesis is an important virulence determinant. Here, we show that A. fumigatus is able to produce an alternative melanin, i.e., pyomelanin, by a different pathway, starting from L-tyrosine. Proteome analysis indicated that the l-tyrosine degradation enzymes are synthesized when the fungus is grown with L-tyrosine in the medium. To investigate the pathway in detail, we deleted the genes encoding essential enzymes for pigment production, homogentisate dioxygenase (hmgA) and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (hppD). Comparative Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of synthetic pyomelanin and pigment extracted from A. fumigatus cultures confirmed the identity of the observed pigment as pyomelanin. In the hmgA deletion strain, HmgA activity was abolished and the accumulation of homogentisic acid provoked an increased pigment formation. In contrast, homogentisic acid and pyomelanin were not observed with an hppD deletion mutant. Germlings of the hppD deletion mutant showed an increased sensitivity to reactive oxygen intermediates. The transcription of both studied genes was induced by L-tyrosine. These results confirmed the function of the deleted genes and the predicted pathway in A. fumigatus. Homogentisic acid is the major intermediate, and the L-tyrosine degradation pathway leading to pyomelanin is similar to that in humans leading to alkaptomelanin.
Why is obesity associated with osteoarthritis? Insights from mouse models of obesity (2008)

Obesity is one of the most significant, and potentially most preventable, risk factors for the development of osteoarthritis, and numerous studies have shown a strong association between body mass index and osteoarthritis of the hip, knee, foot and hand. However, the mechanism(s) by which obesity contributes to the onset and progression of osteoarthritis are not fully understood. The strong association between body mass index, altered limb alignment, and osteoarthritis of the knee--and the protective effects of weight loss--support the classic hypothesis that the effects of obesity on the joint are due to increased biomechanical loading and associated alterations in gait. However, obesity is now considered to be a low-grade systemic inflammatory disease, and recent studies suggest that metabolic factors associated with obesity alter systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines that are also associated with osteoarthritis. Thus, the ultimate influence of obesity on osteoarthritis may involve a complex interaction of genetic, metabolic, and biomechanical factors. In this respect, mouse models of obesity can provide excellent systems in which to examine causal relationships among these factors. In recent years, there have been surprisingly few reports examining the effects of obesity on osteoarthritis using mouse models. In this paper, we review studies on mice and other animal models that provide both direct and indirect evidence on the role of obesity and altered diet in the development of osteoarthritis. We also examine the use of different body mass indices for characterizing "obesity" in mice by comparing these indices to typical adiposity levels observed in obese humans. Taken together, evidence from studies using mice suggest that a complex interaction of environmental and genetic factors associated with obesity contribute to the incidence and severity of osteoarthritis. The ability to control these factors, together with the development of methods to conduct more intricate measures of local biomechanical factors, make mouse models an excellent system to study obesity and osteoarthritis.
Highly conductive ultrathin crystalline Si layers by thermal crystallization of amorphous Si (1991)

Ultrathin, highly conductive polycrystalline Si films have been produced on glass by crystallization of 200 Å a-Si films. The films, which result from our relatively low-temperature process (e.g., 700 °C/4 min), are completely crystallized with grain sizes of the order of 1 μm for doped films. Both n- and p-type Si films of high conductivity (∼102 S/cm) can be obtained by this process. These 200 Å crystallized films, produced from doped a-Si:H precursors, are over 10 orders of magnitude more conductive than deposited microcrystalline Si films of the same thickness. The high conductivities in these ultrathin films on glass make them very attractive for applications in photodetector and solar cell structures.
Ecological Adaptation and Speciation: The Evolutionary Significance of Habitat Avoidance as a Postzygotic Reproductive Barrier to Gene Flow (2012)

Habitat choice is an important component of most models of ecologically based speciation, especially when population divergence occurs in the face of gene flow. We examine how organisms choose habitats and ask whether avoidance behavior plays an important role in habitat choice, focusing on host-specific phytophagous insects as model systems. We contend that when a component of habitat choice involves avoidance, there can be repercussions that can have consequences for enhancing the potential for specialization and postzygotic reproductive isolation and, hence, for ecological speciation. We discuss theoretical and empirical reasons for why avoidance behavior has not been fully recognized as a key element in habitat choice and ecological speciation. We present current evidence for habitat avoidance, emphasizing phytophagous insects, and new results for parasitoid wasps consistent with the avoidance hypothesis. We conclude by discussing avenues for further study, including other potential roles for avoidance behavior in speciation related to sexual selection and reinforcement.
A methodology for enveloping reliable start-up of LHP (2000)

The loop heat pipe (LHP) is known to have a lower limit on input power. Below this limit the system may not start properly creating the potential for critical payload components to overheat. The LHP becomes especially susceptible to these low power start-up failures following diode operation, intentional shut-down of the device, or very cold conditions. These limits are affected by the presence of adverse tilt, mass on the evaporator, and noncondensible gas in the working fluid. Based on analytical modeling correlated to startup test data, this paper will describe the key parameters driving this low power limit and provide an overview of the methodology for predicting a “safe start” design envelope for a given system and loop design. The amount of incipient superheat was found to be key to the enveloping procedure. Superheat levels have been observed to vary significantly based on evaporator design and even from unit to unit of identical designs. Statistical studies of superheat levels and active measures for limiting superheat should be addressed by both the hardware vendors and the system integrators.
Spontaneous Vertical Ordering and Pyrolytic Formation of Nanoscopic Ceramic Patterns from Poly(styrene‐<i>b</i>‐ferrocenylsilane) (2003)

The rapid generation of nanopatterned surfaces using thin films of the amorphous diblock copolymer poly(styrene‐ b ‐ferrocenylethylmethylsilane) (PS‐ b ‐PFS) is reported. Spontaneous self‐assembly into vertically oriented cylinders of PFS in a PS matrix is observed on a variety of substrates by spin or dip coating, irrespective of the substrate surface polarity. Pyrolysis of the films affords arrays of 20 nm Fe‐containing ceramic nanoparticles, (see Figure, AFM, 4 μm 2 scan area).
Coherent modulation up to 100 GBd 16QAM using silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) devices (2018)

We demonstrate the generation of higher-order modulation formats using silicon-based inphase/quadrature (IQ) modulators at symbol rates of up to 100 GBd. Our devices exploit the advantages of silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) integration, which combines silicon-on-insulator waveguides with highly efficient organic electro-optic (EO) cladding materials to enable small drive voltages and sub-millimeter device lengths. In our experiments, we use an SOH IQ modulator with a π-voltage of 1.6 V to generate 100 GBd 16QAM signals. This is the first time that the 100 GBd mark is reached with an IQ modulator realized on a semiconductor substrate, leading to a single-polarization line rate of 400 Gbit/s. The peak-to-peak drive voltages amount to 1.5 Vpp, corresponding to an electrical energy dissipation in the modulator of only 25 fJ/bit.
Structure-Based Design of a Potent, Selective, and Brain Penetrating PDE2 Inhibitor with Demonstrated Target Engagement (2014)

Structure-guided design led to the identification of the novel, potent, and selective phosphodiesterase 2 (PDE2) inhibitor 12. Compound 12 demonstrated a >210-fold selectivity versus PDE10 and PDE11 and was inactive against all other PDE family members up to 10 μM. In vivo evaluation of 12 provided evidence that it is able to engage the target and to increase cGMP levels in relevant brain regions. Hence, 12 is a valuable tool compound for the better understanding of the role of PDE2 in cognitive impairment and other central nervous system related disorders.
Microscopic differential interference contrast image processing by line integration (LID) and deconvolution (1998)

Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy is the preferred imaging mode for studying live unstained cells and embryos. This is mainly attributed to the optical sectioning capability which makes DIC suitable for three-dimensional microscopy. However, DIC images are not convenient for standard computerized image interpretation. We present here a processing algorithm that converts DIC images into a form which is much more amenable for such analysis. The algorithm is based on computational inversion of the directional gradient performed optically by DIC, namely path integration (line integrated DIC, or LID). LID images relate to the refractive index of the specimen, and are inherently positive in value, thus many powerful algorithms developed for fluorescent images can be applied to them. The method is demonstrated here for identifying and tracking nuclei in developing zebrafish embryos, and for reconstructing the shape of live leukocytes.
TV 시청 동기가 식문화 프로그램 시청 선호도 및 시청의도에 미치는 영향 -식문화 관여도의 조절효과를 중심으로- (2014)

The current study investigated the relative effects of viewing motivations on viewing preferences and viewing intentions of television food programs. Data collection was conducted by administering a survey to television food program viewers both on and offline. Viewing motivations were categorized as ‘information’ ‘entertainment’, ‘pass-time’, ‘companionship’, ‘relaxation’, and ‘social interaction’. ‘Information’ and ‘entertainment’ proved to be the most important motivational factors affecting viewing preferences for television food programs. ‘Information’ and ‘social interactions’ were the strongest predictors of viewing intentions of television food programs. However, ‘pass-time’ had a negative influence on both viewing preferences and viewing intentions of television food programs. Furthermore, the results of study verified the moderating effects of food involvement in these relations.
Exposure Meter for Precision Light Dosage (1949)

The exposure meter is an electronic device of the type in which a photo-tube charges a capacitor to the firing voltage of a trigger tube, whose pulse is amplified by a thyratron. The device has been adapted to high intensity sources and is used for the regulation of carbon arc light dosage in the standardization of light-sensitive paper at the National Bureau of Standards. The device, including a modification for automatic extinction of the source when the desired light dosage is obtained, is described, and is shown to be capable of very high reproducibility. Two instruments simultaneously viewing a gradually aging monochromatic source gave count values whose ratios showed a coefficient of variation of 0.32 percent in two weeks of continuous measurement. One instrument, viewing a controlled tungsten lamp, showed a coefficient of variation of 0.18 percent in counts per watt hour over a period of nine days, after which the values changed—the result, presumably, of changes in the lamp. The instrument was tested for suitability of application by comparing counts with reflectance changes of light-sensitive paper under arc exposure. The results showed that the instrument could control light dosage adequately in spite of large changes in arc voltage, glass filters, and time of exposure. The instrument was used to test the variability of the uranyl oxalate actinometer, frequently used in photo-chemical work, by simultaneous exposure to a carbon arc. It was found that the actinometer was capable of higher precision than previous investigators had found, in that the coefficient of variation was 1.4 percent, less than ¼ as large as formerly believed.
Sensitivity and Variance Analysis of Arterial Pressure Transfer Dynamics Estimated from Adaptive Multi-Channel System Identification (2007)

This paper analyzes the parametric sensitivity and asymptotic variance of the arterial pressure transfer dynamics estimated from the adaptive multi-channel (AMC) system identification technique (Hahn, 2006), a method devised to adaptively reconstruct the aortic blood pressure waveform in response to changes in the cardiovascular physiologic conditions. The parametric sensitivity analysis indicates that the pressure transfer dynamics is dominated by the wave transmission time delays at high frequency, which is confirmed by the asymptotic variance analysis, showing that the corresponding variance of the pressure transfer dynamics can be attenuated if accurate wave transmission time delays are provided. The relative parametric identifiability is then assessed by analyzing the eigenstructure of the predictor sensitivity matrix. Finally, the effect of data length on the parametric variance is also provided as a guideline for the trade-off between computational efficiency and the level of confidence.
Abstract P244: NVL-655 exhibits antitumor activity in lorlatinib-resistant and intracranial models of ALK-rearranged NSCLC (2021)

Abstract ALK receptor tyrosine kinase can be aberrantly activated by gene rearrangement or point mutation to drive tumor cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. ALK rearrangements are detected in up to 5% of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and up to 40% of patients present with brain metastases at diagnosis. Crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, brigatinib, and lorlatinib are FDA-approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors for ALK-positive NSCLC. However, durability of response to these treatments is partly limited by mutations in ALK that confer resistance. The G1202R solvent front mutation is commonly observed in patients that have progressed on crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, or brigatinib. Patients with tumors harboring G1202R have responded to lorlatinib, but many have relapsed after acquiring compound mutations such as G1202R/L1196M and G1202R/G1269A. Another challenge with lorlatinib is central nervous system (CNS) adverse events attributed to inhibition of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TRKB), a kinase structurally related to ALK. NVL-655 is a novel preclinical brain-penetrant ALK inhibitor with selectivity over TRKB. We previously reported that NVL-655 inhibits ALK G1202R, G1202R/L1196M, G1202R/G1269A, and G1202R/L1198F in vitro; has favorable kinome and ALK-vs-TRKB selectivity profiles; and shows antitumor activity in a Ba/F3 EML4-ALK variant 1 (v1) G1202R/L1196M xenograft model. Here we report results of a broader preclinical characterization of NVL-655 across ALK models, including an intracranial model. NVL-655 was observed to induce regression in a HIP1-ALK patient-derived xenograft model, an EML4-ALK v1 human cancer cell line-derived model (NCI-H3122), and Ba/F3 xenograft models expressing EML4-ALK v1 G1202R and G1202R/G1269A. Pharmacodynamic (PD) biomarker analyses supported in vivo ALK inhibition by NVL-655. Furthermore, NVL-655 was observed to reduce tumor size and prolong survival by more than 4-fold in a mouse intracranial tumor model of Ba/F3 EML4-ALK v1 G1202R/L1196M luciferase. In conclusion, NVL-655 has a preclinical profile that we believe supports its potential to address a medical need for patients with ALK-positive disease, including those with G1202R compound mutations. We believe the findings presented here support the evaluation of NVL-655 for the treatment of patients with ALK-driven disease. Citation Format: Anupong Tangpeerachaikul, Amit Deshpande, Nancy E. Kohl, Joshua C. Horan, Henry E. Pelish. NVL-655 exhibits antitumor activity in lorlatinib-resistant and intracranial models of ALK-rearranged NSCLC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC Virtual International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2021 Oct 7-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2021;20(12 Suppl):Abstract nr P244.