gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Structure−Taste Relationships for Thiazolyl-, Benzothiazolyl-, and Thiadiazolylsulfamates (2009)

A total of 28 new five-membered aromatic ring thiazolyl-, benzothiazolyl-, and thiadiazolylsulfamates, as their sodium salts, have been synthesized and combined with 30 known similar heterocyclic sulfamates to create a database for the study of structure-activity (taste) relationships (SARs) in this heterocyclic subgroup, which is known to contain a somewhat disproportionate number of sweet compounds compared to other groups of tastants. A series of nine parameters (descriptors) to describe the properties of the sulfamate anions were calculated in Spartan Pro and HyperChem programs. These are the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), length of the molecule, dipole moment, area, volume, E(solv), sigma (from the literature), and log P. The taste data for all 58 compounds were categorized into three classes, namely, sweet (S), nonsweet (N), and nonsweet/sweet (N/S). Discriminant analysis only classified 44 of the 58 compounds correctly. Classification and regression tree analysis (CART) using the S_ Plus program proved highly effective, in that the derived tree correctly classified 46 compounds from a training set of 48 and, from a computer randomly selected test set of 10 compounds, 7 had their taste correctly predicted. A second tree was grown using the additional taste category N/S, and this tree also performed extremely well, with 8 of the 10 compounds in the test set correctly classified. These trees should be very reliable for predicting the tastes of other heterocyclic sulfamates, which belong to the subset used here.
PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF JOB APPLICANTS AND SUCCESS IN SCREENING INTERVIEWS (1998)

Although there is substantial evidence that personality constructs are valid predictors of job performance, there is less systematic evidence of how personality characteristics relate to success in the interviewing process. Measures of the Big Five personality markers were obtained from a sample of graduating college seniors (n = 83) who were engaged in a job search. At a later time these students reported the strategies used in the job search and success in generating follow‐up interviews and job offers. Extraversion, Openness to Experience, and Conscientiousness were positively related to the use of social sources (e.g., talking to others) to prepare for interviews. Conscientiousness was positively related to the use of non‐social preparation. Use of social sources for preparation for initial interviews was positively related to the likelihood of receiving follow‐up interviews and job offers. The results suggest that personality is related to interviewee's success in part through actions taken well before the interviewing process begins and in part through the interviewers' inferences of the applicants' personality during the interview.
Role of Coronin 1B in PDGF-Induced Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (2012)

Our data suggest that phosphorylation of Coro1B and the subsequent reduced interaction with ARP2/3 complex participate in PDGF-induced VSMC migration, an important step in vascular lesion formation.
THE PREPARATION OF NEW ISOFLAVONES (2001)

The synthesis of ten new isoflavones in good yield is described. The method, involving intermediate 2-hydroxybenzyl ketones, did not require protection of the hydroxyl groups of the starting polyphenols.
Solvent-Free Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Technical-Grade Sugar Esters and Evaluation of Their Physicochemical and Bioactive Properties (2016)

Technical-grade oleic acid esters of sucrose and fructose were prepared using solvent-free biocatalysis at 65 °C, without any downstream purification applied, and their physicochemical and bioactivity-related properties were evaluated and compared to a commercially available sucrose laurate emulsifier. To increase the conversion of sucrose and fructose oleate, prepared previously using solvent-free lipase-catalyzed esterification catalyzed by Rhizomucor miehei lipase (81% and 83% ester, respectively), the enzymatic reaction conditions was continued using CaSO4 to control the reactor’s air headspace and a lipase (from Candida antarctica B) with a hydrophobic immobilization matrix to provide an ultralow water activity, and high-pressure homogenation, to form metastable suspensions of 2.0–3.3 micron sized saccharide particles in liquid-phase reaction media. These measures led to increased ester content of 89% and 96% for reactions involving sucrose and fructose, respectively. The monoester content among the esters decreased from 90% to <70% due to differences in regioselectivity between the lipases. The resultant technical-grade sucrose and fructose lowered the surface tension to <30 mN/m, and possessed excellent emulsification capability and stability over 36 h using hexadecane and dodecane as oils, comparable to that of sucrose laurate and Tween® 80). The technical-grade sugar esters, particularly fructose oleate, more effectively inhibited gram-positive foodborne pathogens (Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Bacillus subtilis). Furthermore, all three sugar esters displayed antitumor activity, particularly the two sucrose esters. This study demonstrates the importance of controlling the biocatalysts’ water activity to achieve high conversion, the impact of a lipase’s regioselectivity in dictating product distribution, and the use of solvent-free biocatalysis to important biobased surfactants useful in foods, cosmetics, personal care products, and medicine.
HMG CoA reductase inhibitor accelarates aging effect on diaphragm mitochondrial respiratory function in rats (1998)

We examined effects of pravastatin on age-related changes in mitochondrial function in rats. Decline in the activity of complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain was observed in diaphragm and psoai major in rats aged 35 and 55 weeks, and that of complex IV in rats aged 55 weeks. Pravastatin accelerated significantly age-related decline in the activity of complex I of diaphragm mitochondria, though pravastatin did not show significant effect on normally observed age-associated decline in the activities of complex IV of psoai major and diaphragm mitochondria. Aging effect on mitochondrial respiratory function was not observed on heart muscle and liver in rats up to 55 weeks old, and pravastatin did not effect significantly heart and liver mitochondrial respiratory function. From these results, careful clinical examination on respiratory muscle function should be necessary in patients treated with pravastatin particularly in elderly patients.
A mercuric iodide detector unit implantable and externally powered for use in radionuclide tracer studies in small animals. (1981)

A small externally powered implantable gamma-radiation detector unit (35 X 12 mm diameter containing a mercuric iodide detector (HgI2), charge amplifier, radiotransmitter and an inductive power supply has been constructed. Since the total weight of the device is 5 g, it is suitable for implantation in laboratory animals such as rats or hamsters. A comparison between the implanted HgI2 detector unit and a conventional stationary 2 X 2 inch NaI(TI) detector has been performed by simultaneous measurements of the 133Xe clearance from a depot. Using 125I-iothalamate a kidney function study of an unrestrained hamster is shown as an example of measurements in the unrestrained animal.
Glycerin-Based Hydrogel for Infection Control (2012)

Elasto-Gel™ is not approved for third-degree burns as no dressing has been approved by the FDA for this type of wound.
Spike Frequency Adaptation in Neurons of the Central Nervous System (2017)

Neuronal firing patterns and frequencies determine the nature of encoded information of the neurons. Here we discuss the molecular identity and cellular mechanisms of spike-frequency adaptation in central nervous system (CNS) neurons. Calcium-activated potassium (K<sub>Ca</sub>) channels such as BK<sub>Ca</sub> and SK<sub>Ca</sub> channels have long been known to be important mediators of spike adaptation via generation of a large afterhyperpolarization when neurons are hyper-activated. However, it has been shown that a strong hyperpolarization via these K<sub>Ca</sub> channels would cease action potential generation rather than reducing the frequency of spike generation. In some types of neurons, the strong hyperpolarization is followed by oscillatory activity in these neurons. Recently, spike-frequency adaptation in thalamocortical (TC) and CA1 hippocampal neurons is shown to be mediated by the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-activated Cl- channel (CACC), anoctamin-2 (ANO2). Knockdown of ANO2 in these neurons results in significantly reduced spike-frequency adaptation accompanied by increased number of spikes without shifting the firing mode, which suggests that ANO2 mediates a genuine form of spike adaptation, finely tuning the frequency of spikes in these neurons. Based on the finding of a broad expression of this new class of CACC in the brain, it can be proposed that the ANO2-mediated spike-frequency adaptation may be a general mechanism to control information transmission in the CNS neurons.
NMR Structures of r(GCA<u>G</u>GC<u>G</u>UGC)<sub>2</sub> and Determinants of Stability for Single Guanosine−Guanosine Base Pairs<sup>,</sup> (2000)

Nucleotides in RNA that are not Watson-Crick-paired form unique structures for recognition or catalysis, but determinants of these structures and their stabilities are poorly understood. A single noncanonical pair of two guanosines (G) is more stable than other noncanonical pairs and can potentially form pairing structures with two hydrogen bonds in four different ways. Here, the energetics and structure of single GG pairs are investigated in several sequence contexts by optical melting and NMR. The data for r(5'GCAGGCGUGC3')(2), in which G4 and G7 are paired, are consistent with a model in which G4 and G7 alternate syn glycosidic conformations in a two-hydrogen-bond pair. The two distinct structures are derived from nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopic distance restraints coupled with simulated annealing using the AMBER 95 force field. In each structure, the imino and amino protons of the anti G are hydrogen bonded to the O6 and N7 acceptors of the syn G, respectively. An additional hydrogen-bond connects the syn G amino group to the 5' nonbridging pro-R(p) phosphate oxygen. The GG pair fits well into a Watson-Crick helix. In r(5'GCAGGCGUGC3')(2), the G4(anti), G7(syn) structure is preferred over G4(syn), G7(anti). For single GG pairs in other contexts, exchange processes make interpretation of spectra more difficult but the pairs are also G(syn), G(anti). Thermodynamic data for a variety of duplexes containing pairs of G, inosine, and 7-deazaguanosine flanked by GC pairs are consistent with the structural and energetic interpretations for r(5'GCAGGCGUGC3')(2), suggesting similar GG conformations.
Sustained Release of the CCR5 Inhibitors CMPD167 and Maraviroc from Vaginal Rings in Rhesus Macaques (2012)

Antiretroviral entry inhibitors are now being considered as vaginally administered microbicide candidates for the prevention of the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. Previous studies testing the entry inhibitors maraviroc and CMPD167 in aqueous gel formulations showed efficacy in the macaque challenge model, although protection was highly dependent on the time period between initial gel application and subsequent challenge. In this paper, we describe the sustained release of maraviroc and CMPD167 from matrix-type silicone elastomer vaginal rings both in vitro and in vivo. Both inhibitors were released continuously during 28 days from rings in vitro at rates of 100 to 2,500 μg/day. In 28-day pharmacokinetic studies in rhesus macaques, the compounds were measured in the vaginal fluid and vaginal tissue; steady-state fluid concentrations were ~10(6)-fold greater than the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) for simian human immunodeficiency virus 162P3 inhibition in macaque lymphocytes in vitro. Plasma concentrations for both compounds were very low. The pretreatment of macaques with Depo-Provera (DP), which is commonly used in macaque challenge studies, was shown to significantly modify the biodistribution of the inhibitors but not the overall amount released. Vaginal fluid and tissue concentrations were significantly decreased while plasma levels increased with DP pretreatment. These observations have implications for designing macaque challenge experiments and also for ring performance during the human female menstrual cycle.
C-terminal methylation of truncated neuropeptides: An enzyme-assisted extraction artifact involving methanol (2013)

Neuropeptides are the largest class of signaling molecules used by nervous systems. Today, neuropeptide discovery commonly involves chemical extraction from a tissue source followed by mass spectrometric characterization. Ideally, the extraction procedure accurately preserves the sequence and any inherent modifications of the native peptides. Here, we present data showing that this is not always true. Specifically, we present evidence showing that, in the lobster Homarus americanus, the orcokinin family members, NFDEIDRSGFG-OMe and SSEDMDRLGFG-OMe, are non-native peptides generated from full-length orcokinin precursors as the result of a highly selective peptide modification (peptide truncation with C-terminal methylation) that occurs during extraction. These peptides were observed by MALDI-FTMS and LC-Q-TOFMS analyses when eyestalk ganglia were extracted in a methanolic solvent, but not when tissues were dissected, co-crystallized with matrix, and analyzed directly with methanol excluded from the sample preparation. The identity of NFDEIDRSGFG-OMe was established using MALDI-FTMS/SORI-CID, LC-Q-TOFMS/MS, and comparison with a peptide standard. Extraction substituting deuterated methanol for methanol confirmed that the latter is the source of the C-terminal methyl group, and MS/MS confirmed the C-terminal localization of the added CD3. Surprisingly, NFDEIDRSGFG-OMe is not produced via a chemical acid-catalyzed esterification. Instead, the methylated peptide appears to result from proteolytic truncation in the presence of methanol, as evidenced by a reduction in conversion with the addition of a protease-inhibitor cocktail; heat effectively eliminated the conversion. This unusual and highly specific extraction-derived peptide conversion exemplifies the need to consider both chemical and biochemical processes that may modify the structure of endogenous neuropeptides.
Ion specific membranes as electrodes in determination of activity of calcium (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIon specific membranes as electrodes in determination of activity of calcium. ShatkayCite this: Anal. Chem. 1967, 39, 10, 1056–1065Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60254a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60254a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
GraphChi: large-scale graph computation on just a PC (2012)

Current systems for graph computation require a distributed computing cluster to handle very large real-world problems, such as analysis on social networks or the web graph. While distributed computational resources have become more accessible, developing distributed graph algorithms still remains challenging, especially to non-experts.In this work, we present GraphChi, a disk-based system for computing efficiently on graphs with billions of edges. By using a well-known method to break large graphs into small parts, and a novel parallel sliding windows method, GraphChi is able to execute several advanced data mining, graph mining, and machine learning algorithms on very large graphs, using just a single consumer-level computer. We further extend GraphChi to support graphs that evolve over time, and demonstrate that, on a single computer, GraphChi can process over one hundred thousand graph updates per second, while simultaneously performing computation. We show, through experiments and theoretical analysis, that GraphChi performs well on both SSDs and rotational hard drives.By repeating experiments reported for existing distributed systems, we show that, with only fraction of the resources, GraphChi can solve the same problems in very reasonable time. Our work makes large-scale graph computation available to anyone with a modern PC.
Panoramic video capturing and compressed domain virtual camera control (2001)

A system for capturing panoramic video and a novel method for corresponding compressed domain virtual camera control is presented. It targets applications such as classroom lectures and video conferencing. The proposed method is based on the FlyCam panoramic video system that is designed to produce high resolution and wide-angle video sequences by stitching the video pictures from multiple stationary cameras. The panoramic video sequence is compressed into an MPEG-2 stream for delivery. The proposed method integrates region of Interest (ROI) detection, tracking, and virtual camera control, and works on compressed domain information only. It first detects the ROI in the P (predictive coded) picture using only the macroblock type information, It then up-samples this detection result to obtain the ROI of the whole video stream. The ROI is tracked using a Kalman filter. The Kalman filter estimation results are used for virtual camera control that simulates human controlled video recording. The system has no physical camera motion and the virtual camera parameters are readily available for video indexing. The proposed system has been implemented for real time processing.
Role of p53 family members in apoptosis (2000)

p53-mediated apoptosis involves multiple mechanisms. A number of p53-regulated apoptosis-related genes have been identified. Some of these genes encode proteins that are important in controlling the integrity of mitochondria while the others code for membrane death receptors. p53 may also induce apoptosis by interfering with the growth factor-mediated survival signals. Although the transactivation-deficient p53 can induce apoptosis, evidence suggests that both the transcription-dependent and independent functions are needed for full apoptotic activity. p73 and p63 are two other members of the p53 family that show homology to p53 in their respective transactivation, DNA-binding and oligomerization domains. Both p73 and p63 transactivate p53-regulated promoters and induce apoptosis. Evidence suggests that both p73 and p63 may mediate apoptosis via some of the same mechanisms that are utilized by p53. However, both p73 and p63 exhibit features that are different from those of p53. Hence, both p73 and p63 are predicted to mediate apoptosis via mechanisms that are completely distinct from those engaged by p53. J. Cell. Physiol. 182:171-181, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Mammary odor cues and pheromones: mammalian infant-directed communication about maternal state, mammae, and milk (2010)

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Analytic computations of nonideal corrections to blast wave overpressure predictions at high altitudes (2013)

Abstract In this paper, the effects of temperature, pressure, winds, moisture, and molecular content on the propagation of blast waves at high altitudes are investigated. These cause refractions and attenuations which modify the recorded ground overpressures from the ideal predictions. By coupling these effects together, the nonideal corrections to the overpressures are estimated by applying approximations which are dependent on the angle of propagation of the blast wave.
Homologous versos heterologous gene expression in the yeast,<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1984)

DNA sequences normally flanking the highly expressed yeast 3-phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) gene have been placed adjacent to heterologous mammalian genes on high copy number plasmid vectors and used for expression experiments in yeast. For many genes thus far expressed with this system, expression has been 15-50 times lower than the expression of the natural homologous PGK gene on the same plasmid. We have extensively investigated this dramatic difference and have found that in most cases it is directly proportional to the steady-state levels of mRNAs. We demonstrate this phenomenon and suggest possible causes for this effect on mRNA levels.
Palm oil antioxidant effects in patients with hyperlipidaemia and carotid stenosis-2 year experience. (1997)

Antioxidants appear to play a role in the prevention of atherosclerosis. Here, we investigated the antioxidant properties of a γ-tocotrienol and α-tocopherol enriched fraction of palm oil, in patients with carotid atherosclerosis. Serum lipids, fatty acid peroxides, platelet aggregation, and carotid artery stenosis were measured over a 24-month period in 50 patients with cerebrovascular disease. Change in stenosis was measured with bilateral duplex ultrasonography. These studies revealed apparent carotid atherosclerotic regression in eight and progression in two of the 25 antioxidant patients, while none of the control group exhibited regression and ten of 25 showed progression (p<0.01). Serum α-tocopherol doubled while tocotrienols were undetectable throughout the study. Serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, decreased in the treatment group from 1.08 ± 0.14 to 0.80 ± 0.14 μM (p<0.05) after 24 months, and in the placebo group, they increased nonsignificantly from 0.99 ± 0.16 to 1.06 ± 0.17 μM. Both antioxidant and placebo groups displayed significantly increased collagen-induced platelet aggregation responses (p<0.05) as compared with entry values. Serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride values remained unchanged in both groups, as did the plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol values. Palm oil tocols appear to benefit the course of carotid atherosclerosis.