gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cleavage of Rhesus Rotavirus VP4 after Arginine 247 Is Essential for Rotavirus-Like Particle-Induced Fusion from Without (1998)

We recently described our finding that recombinant baculovirus-produced virus-like particles (VLPs) can induce cell-cell fusion similar to that induced by intact rotavirus in our assay for viral entry into tissue culture cells (J. M. Gilbert and H. B. Greenberg, J. Virol. 71:4555-4563, 1997). The conditions required for syncytium formation are similar to those for viral penetration of the plasma membrane during the course of viral infection. This VLP-mediated fusion activity was dependent on the presence of the outer-layer proteins, viral protein 4 (VP4) and VP7, and on the trypsinization of VP4. Fusion activity occurred only with cells that are permissive for rotavirus infection. Here we begin to dissect the role of VP4 in rotavirus entry by examining the importance of the precise trypsin cleavage of VP4 and the activation of VP4 function related to viral entry. We present evidence that the elimination of the three trypsin-susceptible arginine residues of VP4 by specific site-directed mutagenesis prevents syncytium formation. Two of the three arginine residues in VP4 are dispensable for syncytium formation, and only the arginine residue at site 247 appears to be required for activation of VP4 functions and cell-cell fusion. Using the recombinant VLPs in our syncytium assay will aid in understanding the conformational changes that occur in VP4 involved in rotavirus penetration into host cells.
Implementation of the CORAL deductive database system (1993)

CORAL is a deductive database system that supports a rich declarative language, provides a wide range of evaluation methods, and allows a combination of declarative and imperative programming. The data can be persistent on disk or can reside in main-memory. We describe the architecture and implementation of CORAL.There were two important goals in the design of the CORAL architecture: (1) to integrate the different evaluation strategies in a reasonable fashion, and (2) to allow users to influence the optimization techniques used so as to exploit the full power of the CORAL implementation. A CORAL declarative program can be organized as a collection of interacting modules and this modular structure is the key to satisfying both these goals. The high level module interface allows modules with different evaluation techniques to interact in a transparent fashion. Further, users can optionally tailor the execution of a program by selecting from among a wide range of control choices at the level of each module.CORAL also has an interface with C++, and users can program in a combination of declarative CORAL, and C++ extended with CORAL primitives. A high degree of extensibility is provided by allowing C++ programmers to use the class structure of C++ to enhance the CORAL implementation.
Guessing the Composer's Mind: Applying Universal Prediction to Musical Style (1999)

In this paper, we present a dictionary based universal prediction algorithm that provides a very general and flexible approach to machine learning in the domain of musical style. Such operations as improvisation or assistance to composition can be realized on the resulting representations.
Interactive Editing Systems: Part I (1982)

article Free Access Share on Interactive Editing Systems: Part I Authors: Norman Meyrowitz Department of Computer Science, Box 1910, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Department of Computer Science, Box 1910, Brown University, Providence, Rhode IslandView Profile , Andries van Dam Department of Computer Science, Box 1910, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Department of Computer Science, Box 1910, Brown University, Providence, Rhode IslandView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 14Issue 3Sept. 1982 pp 321–352https://doi.org/10.1145/356887.356889Published:01 September 1982Publication History 90citation1,010DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations90Total Downloads1,010Last 12 Months52Last 6 weeks20 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Growth of high TC superconductor films and application to new electronics. (1987)

High Tc superconductor films were sputter-grown in several crystalline forms, e.g. the polycrystal, polycrystal with c-axis preferential orientation, and (110) epitaxial crystal. The film had the critical temperature as high as 87 K. The micro-fabrication technique on the basis of the wet etching by the phosphoric acid and FELLIOX-115 was proposed. The thin line (2-4 μm wide) thus made exhibited no significant degradation in its superconductivity. The grain-boundary in the patterned polycrystalline film served as a good Josephson junction operative even at 81 K. The constricted Josephson junction array device was fabricated for the use as a sensitive image sensor. A possible application of this kind of material to the luminescence device is also demonstrated.
Rapid Nanoparticle-Mediated Monitoring of Bacterial Metabolic Activity and Assessment of Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Blood with Magnetic Relaxation (2008)

Considering the increased incidence of bacterial infections and the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria at the global level, we designed superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as nanosensors for the assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility through magnetic relaxation. In this report, we demonstrate that iron oxide nanosensors, either dextran-coated supplemented with Con A or silica-coated conjugated directly to Con A, can be used for the fast (1) quantification of polysaccharides, (2) assessment of metabolic activity and (3) determination of antimicrobial susceptibility in blood. The use of these polysaccharide nanosensors in the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility in the clinic or the field, and the utilization of these nanoprobes in pharmaceutical R&D are anticipated.
Iridium(III) Complexes with Sulfonyl and Fluorine Substituents: Synthesis, Stereochemistry and Effect of Functionalisation on their Photophysical Properties (2008)

The synthesis and photophysical and electrochemical characterisation of new heteroleptic iridium complexes with electron-withdrawing sulfonyl groups and fluorine atoms bound to phenylpyridine ligands are reported. The emission energy of these materials strongly depends on the position of the sulfonyl groups and on the number of fluorine substituents. A 90 nm wide tuning range of photoluminescence from the blue-green (lambda(em)=468 nm) of iridium(III)bis[2-(4'-benzylsulfonyl)phenylpyridinato-N,C2'][3-(pentafluorophenyl)-pyridin-2-yl-1,2,4-triazolate] to the orange (lambda(em)=558 nm) of iridium(III)bis[2-(3'-benzylsulfonyl)phenylpyridinato-N,C2'](2,4-decanedionate) has been achieved. Emission quantum yields ranging from 47 to 71% have also been found for degassed solutions of the complexes, and a surprisingly high value of 16% was recorded for iridium(III)bis[2-(5'-benzylsulfonyl-3',6'-difluoro)phenylpyridinato-N,C2'](2,4-decanedionate) in air-equilibrated dichloromethane. A unusual stereochemistry of the benzylsulfonyl-substituted dimer and heteroleptic complexes has been detected by (1)H NMR spectroscopy, and is characterised by the mutual cis disposition of the pyridyl nitrogen atoms of the phenylpyridine ligands, which differs from the most common trans arrangement reported in the literature.
[Clinical application of multi-slice spiral computed tomography in the preoperative staging of gastric carcinoma]. (2007)

The accuracy of MSCT in preoperative staging of gastric carcinoma is relatively high. It is easily accepted by the patients as a practical and noninvasive technique of gastric carcinoma staging.
Influence of vehicle composition on the penetration of indomethacin through guinea-pig skin. (1981)

In order to investigate the process of percutaneous absorption of indomethacin (IND) from aqueous ethanol solution, the flux of IND was determined under various conditions by using a specially designed diffusion cell which was attached to the back of a guinea-pig. It was found that the flux of IND was governed by the initial concentration of IND, pH, the amount of ethanol in the vehicle and the amount of additive ester : the flux increased with increase in the concentrations of IND and added ester, but decreased with increase in pH and the amount of ethanol. The interactions of the components of the vehicle with IND and the skin appeared to influence the process of the percutaneous absorption of IND very strongly.
Extended Scalability of HfON/SiON Gate Stack Down to 0.57 nm Equivalent Oxide Thickness with High Carrier Mobility by Post-Deposition Annealing (2009)

We discuss scaling the equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of Hf-based high-k gate dielectrics by post-deposition annealing (PDA). Thin HfON/SiON gate stacks with EOT=0.57 nm were successfully formed by repeating ultra thin (0.6 nm) HfO2 deposition and high-temperature (950 °C) PDA on a previously formed SiON interfacial layer. Physical and electrical analyses revealed that the reduction in EOT was due to crystallization of HfON to the tetragonal phase which has a higher dielectric constant than the amorphous and other crystalline phases. It was also found that Hf diffusion in the SiON interfacial layer was induced by the high-temperature PDA treatment. This also improved the k-value of the interfacial layer and enabled aggressive scaling even when using a SiO2-based interfacial layer. The electron mobility of the gate stack is higher than those in the previous reports, indicating that a high quality interface is realized using this approach. The reduction in EOT together with the excellent interfacial quality demonstrated in the present study shows that this technique is a promising solution for the 22-nm-node and beyond.
Staining Germinating Pollen and Pollen Tubes (1958)

Germinating pollen on stigmas and pollen tubes in styles of Antirrhinum, Brassica, Oenothera, Raphanus, Rosa, solatium and Tagetes spp. were prepared for examination as follows: The styles were fixed in ethyl alcohol-acetic acid 3:1 for 1 hr, and hydrolyzed at 60°C for 5 to 60 min (depending on the species) in 45% acetic acid. The stigma with its attached strand(s) of stigmatoid tissue was then dissected out under a stereoscopic microscope, placed in a few drops of a staining solution made by dissolving 150 mg of safranin O and 20 mg of aniline blue in 25 ml of hot 45% acetic acid. After 5-15 min in this stain, the tissue was placed in a fresh drop of stain on a microscope slide and gently squashed under a cover glass. Because of a gradual precipitation of the aniline blue component, the stain had to be filtered regularly before use. However, a staining solution could be kept at room temperature for several weeks.
ChemInform Abstract: CERIUM CATALYZED PERSULFATE OXIDATION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS TO QUINONES (1985)

Abstract Unter optimierten Reaktionsbedingungen lassen sich die Polycyclen (I), (III), (V) und (VII) zu den aufgeführten Chinonen oxidieren.
Virtual Reality and Simulators (1996)

in this paper, from the simulators point of view we discussed the similarities and differencesbetween virtual reality (VR) and simulators, and introduced the technology of VR. At last. the influenceand effect of VR on simulators and the prospect of VR applications were also talked about.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography of Glycopeptides and Oligosaccharides on Graphitized Carbon Columns (1994)

High-performance liquid chromatography of carbohydrate materials on graphitized carbon columns (GCC) has some advantages over other types of chromatography. Oligosaccharides and glycopeptides with few amino acids are barely retained on reversed-phase columns even under high salt or low pH conditions, but can be retained effectively on a graphitized carbon column. Moreover, elution of GCC requires concentrations of organic solvents lower than that required for normal-phase columns. The usefulness of graphitized carbon columns is exemplified by the following results: (i) Man9GlcNAc2 with only Asn or Asn-Phe (derived from soybean agglutinin) was not retained by a C18 reversed-phase column, but could be separated on a GCC with a gradient of 10-45% CH3CN in 30 min. (ii) Ribonuclease B glycopeptides obtained by Pronase digestion could be separated on GCC with a gradient of 10-30% CH3CN, but they were not retained on a C18 reversed-phase column even with water as eluent. (iii) Oligosaccharides released from ribonuclease B by endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase were separated from each other and peptides on GCC with a linear gradient of 10 mM NH4OH to 10 mM NH4OH-12.5% CH3CN in 50 min at 70 degrees C. Silica-based columns do not allow such an alkaline eluent. (iv) Chito-oligosaccharides (DP 1-9) are well separated within 40 min on GCC with a gradient (10 mM NH4OH-10 mM NH4OH with 25% CH3CN) at 50 degrees C. Chito-oligosaccharides could not be separated by high-performance anion exchange columns such as Carbopac PA-1.
Distinct Rab Binding Specificity of Rim1, Rim2, Rabphilin, and Noc2 (2003)

Rabphilin, Rim, and Noc2 have generally been believed to be the Rab3 isoform (Rab3A/B/C/D)-specific effectors that regulate secretory vesicle exocytosis in neurons and in some endocrine cells. The results of recent genetic analysis of rabphilin knock-out animals, however, strongly refute this notion, because there are no obvious genetic interactions between Rab3 and rabphilin in nematoda (Staunton, J., Ganetzky, B., and Nonet, M. L. (2001) J. Neurosci. 21, 9255-9264), suggesting that Rab3 is not a major ligand of rabphilin in vivo. In this study, I tested the interaction of rabphilin, Rim1, Rim2, and Noc2 with 42 different Rab proteins by cotransfection assay and found differences in rabphilin, Rim1, Rim2, and Noc2 binding to several Rab proteins that belong to the Rab functional group III (Rab3A/B/C/D, Rab26, Rab27A/B, and Rab37) and/or VIII (Rab8A and Rab10). Rim1 interacts with Rab3A/B/C/D, Rab10, Rab26, and Rab37; Rim2 interacts with Rab3A/B/C/D and Rab8A; and rabphilin and Noc2 interact with Rab3A/B/C/D, Rab8A, and Rab27A/B. By contrast, the synaptotagmin-like protein homology domain of Slp homologue lacking C2 domains-a (Slac2-a)/melanophilin specifically recognizes Rab27A/B but not other Rabs. I also found that alternative splicing events in the first alpha-helical region (alpha(1)) of the Rab binding domain of Rim1 alter the Rab binding specificity of Rim1. Site-directed mutagenesis and chimeric analyses of Rim2 and Slac2-a indicate that the acidic cluster (Glu-50, Glu-51, and Glu-52) in the alpha(1) region of the Rab binding domain of Rim2, which is not conserved in the synaptotagmin-like pro tein homology domain of Slac2-a, is a critical determinant of Rab3A recognition. Based on these results, I propose that Rim, rabphilin, and Noc2 function differently in concert with functional group III and/or VIII Rab proteins, including Rab3 isoforms.
Significant anti-tumour activity of adoptively transferred T cells elicited by intratumoral dendritic cell vaccine injection through enhancing the ratio of CD8+ T cell/regulatory T cells in tumour (2010)

We have shown that immunization with dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with hepatitis B virus core antigen virus-like particles (HBc-VLP) packaging with cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) (HBc-VLP/CpG) alone were able to delay melanoma growth but not able to eradicate the established tumour in mice. We tested whether, by modulating the vaccination approaches and injection times, the anti-tumour activity could be enhanced. We used a B16-HBc melanoma murine model not only to compare the efficacy of DC vaccine immunized via footpads, intravenously or via intratumoral injections in treating melanoma and priming tumour-specific immune responses, but also to observe how DC vaccination could improve the efficacy of adoptively transferred T cells to induce an enhanced anti-tumour immune response. Our results indicate that, although all vaccination approaches were able to protect mice from developing melanoma, only three intratumoral injections of DCs could induce a significant anti-tumour response. Furthermore, the combination of intratumoral DC vaccination and adoptive T cell transfer led to a more robust anti-tumour response than the use of each treatment individually by increasing CD8(+) T cells or the ratio of CD8(+) T cell/regulatory T cells in the tumour site. Moreover, the combination vaccination induced tumour-specific immune responses that led to tumour regression and protected surviving mice from tumour rechallenge, which is attributed to an increase in CD127-expressing and interferon-γ-producing CD8(+) T cells. Taken together, these results indicate that repeated intratumoral DC vaccination not only induces expansion of antigen-specific T cells against tumour-associated antigens in tumour sites, but also leads to elimination of pre-established tumours, supporting this combined approach as a potent strategy for DC-based cancer immunotherapy.
THE UTILITY OF URINE CYTOLOGY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ALLOGRAFT REJECTION AFTER COMBINED PANCREAS-KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION (1993)

A major problem in pancreas transplantation is the lack of a reliable method for the early detection of rejection. Over a 32-month period, we performed 61 combined pancreas-kidney transplants with pancreaticoduodenocystostomy. All patients received quadruple immunosuppression with OKT3 induction. Urine cytologic monitoring was performed on Papanicolaou-stained membrane filters for cell counts and cytocentrifuge preparations for HLA-DR antigen staining. The final diagnosis of rejection was based on clinical criteria, a rise in serum creatinine, histopathology, and hypoamylasuria. Cytologic features of acute rejection included hypercellularity with lymphocyturia, increased numbers of epithelial cells and positive antibody staining for HLA-DR antigen. A total of 36 definite acute rejection episodes occurred in 28 patients, with 19 confirmed by histopathology. Satisfactory urine cytologic specimens were available in 28 rejection episodes and corroborated the diagnosis in 21 cases, for a sensitivity of 75% compared with 75% and 50% with serum creatinine and urine amylase, respectively. When the urine cytologic score was combined with HLA-DR antigen staining, sensitivity improved to 93%. Thirteen false-positive diagnoses occurred in the remaining 1444 urine cytologic specimens available for evaluation, for a specificity for rejection of 99%. The positive predictive value of cell counts was 62% and negative predictive value was 99%. Patient survival is 98.4%, kidney allograft survival is 96.7%, and pancreas allograft survival is 93.4% after a mean follow-up of 15 months. Only 2 immunologic graft losses occurred (1 kidney, 1 pancreas). In conclusion, urine cytologic monitoring shows promise as a simple, reliable, and noninvasive method to detect rejection after combined pancreas-kidney transplantation with bladder drainage. Prospective studies are needed to assess the role of urine cytologic monitoring after solitary pancreas transplantation.
Model-based evaluation of expert cell phone menu interaction (2007)

We describe concepts to support the analysis of cell phone menu hierarchies, based on cognitive models of users and easy-to-use optimization techniques. We present an empirical study of user performance on five simple tasks of menu traversal on an example cell phone. Two of the models applied to these tasks, based on GOMS and ACT-R, give good predictions of behavior. We use the empirically supported models to create an effective evaluation and improvement process for menu hierarchies. Our work makes three main contributions: a novel and timely study of a new, very common HCI task; new versions of existing models for accurately predicting performance; and a search procedure to generate menu hierarchies that reduce traversal time, in simulation studies, by about a third.
Thiol–Ene Click Chemistry: Computational and Kinetic Analysis of the Influence of Alkene Functionality (2012)

The influence of alkene functionality on the energetics and kinetics of radical initiated thiol-ene click chemistry has been studied computationally at the CBS-QB3 level. Relative energetics (ΔH°, ΔH(++), ΔG°, ΔG(++)) have been determined for all stationary points along the step-growth mechanism of thiol-ene reactions between methyl mercaptan and a series of 12 alkenes: propene, methyl vinyl ether, methyl allyl ether, norbornene, acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, butadiene, methyl(vinyl)silanediamine, methyl crotonate, dimethyl fumarate, styrene, and maleimide. Electronic structure calculations reveal the underlying factors that control activation barriers for propagation and chain-transfer processes of the step-growth mechanism. Results are further extended to predict rate constants for forward and reverse propagation and chain-transfer steps (k(P), k(-P), k(CT), k(-CT)) and used to model overall reaction kinetics. A relationship between alkene structure and reactivity in thiol-ene reactions is derived from the results of kinetic modeling and can be directly related to the relative energetics of stationary points obtained from electronic structure calculations. The results predict the order of reactivity of alkenes and have broad implications for the use and applications of thiol-ene click chemistry.
The cultivation of creativity (1967)

(1967). The cultivation of creativity. Peabody Journal of Education: Vol. 44, No. 5, pp. 282-285.
Identification of HLA-A11-restricted CTL epitopes derived from HPV type 18 using DNA immunization (2009)

Identification of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes of tumor antigens is important for effective immunotherapy. We report that a combination of epitope prediction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based epitope-HLA complex formation, and DNA immunization methods can improve the efficiency and accuracy of CTL epitope studies. In this study, two HLA-A11-restricted epitopes derived from human papillomavirus (HPV)18 E6 oncoprotein were identified. HLA-A11-transgenic mice immunized with these epitopes could specifically induce interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) production, cytotoxicity and peptide/HLA-A11 tetramer binding in CD8(+) T-cells. To study intracellular processing of CTL epitopes, we constructed a DNA plasmid containing an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeting sequence as well as the HPV18 E6 and E7 genes (pEK/HPV18E6E7). CTL responses against peptide-pulsed T2/A11 cells could be detected after immunizing HLA-A11-transgenic mice with pEK/HPV18E6E7. Furthermore, the identified peptides could stimulate T-cells to secrete IFNgamma from HPV18-infected patients. Our results demonstrate that the antigenic E6 peptides derived from HPV18 are potential candidates for the treatment of HPV 18-associated tumors in HLA-A11(+) populations.
A Three Dimensional Finite Element Model for Emergency Response (2005)

A three-dimensional finite element model (FEM) is used with a Lagrangian particle transport (LPT) technique to simulate contaminant transport for emergency response. A three dimensional computational mesh is first generated using USGS Digital Elevation Map (DEM) data. An initial wind velocity is then calculated from the meteorological data using objective analysis technology. The 3-D finite element model is used to construct the massconsistent wind field over irregular terrain. The LPT employs a stochastic/random walk approach to generate the contaminant transport traces. The model runs on PCs and is well suited for use in dealing with emergency response dispersion predictions and assessment. Simulation results utilizing Las Vegas fire stations are presented. Nomenclature D = Deterministic forcing function