gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrodynamic studies of a complex between the Fc fragment of human IgE and a soluble fragment of the Fc epsilon RI alpha chain. (1995)

The interaction between immunoglobulin E (IgE) and its high-affinity receptor Fc epsilon RI is central to allergic disease. The binding site for Fc epsilon RI lies in the third constant region domain of the epsilon heavy chain of IgE (C epsilon 3). Identical epitopes on the two C epsilon 3 domains in the IgE-Fc are predicted to be on opposite sides of the structure, and therefore each could bind independently to a receptor molecule. Titrations, however, reveal that the IgE-Fc forms an equimolar complex with a soluble fragment of the Fc epsilon RI alpha chain (sFc epsilon RI alpha), and the molecular weight of the complex, as determined by sedimentation equilibrium, confirms this stoichiometry. The measured sedimentation coefficients of the two ligands are in good agreement with computed values for a compact IgE-Fc and an elongated sFc epsilon RI alpha structure. The calculated sedimentation coefficients for possible models of a 1:1 complex lead to exclusion of all highly extended geometries for the complex. Possible explanations for the paradoxical stoichiometry of the IgE-Fc/sFc epsilon RI alpha complex, in terms of the curved shape of IgE, a conformational change in IgE when the receptor binds, and steric interference between two molecules of Fc epsilon RI binding to identical sites, are discussed.
Determination of Antibody to Hepatitis B Core Antigen by Means of Immune Adherence Hemagglutination (1975)

A simple and rapid method utilizing immune adherence hemagglutination has been developed for the detection of antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAG) was prepared from Dane particles that had been isolated from plasma of asymptomatic antigen carriers. The method was specific and about 10 times more sensitive than the conventional complement-fixation method. A total of 215 serum samples obtained from healthy blood donors were surveyed for HBsAG and anti-HEc, as well as for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HBsAG (anti-HBs). Anti-HBc was found in 36 serum samples, at a prevalence rate higher than that of anti-HBs (31/215)...
Acyl substituent effects on ester aminolysis (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcyl substituent effects on ester aminolysisRobert C. Knowlton and Larry D. ByersCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 16, 3862–3865Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00251a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00251a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views348Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cost to libraries of the optical information revolution (1988)

Problemes rencontres par les bibliotheques pour financer l'introduction des technologies de stockage optique
Mechanisms of Photochemical Reactions in Solution. XXXIX.<sup>1</sup> Study of Energy Transfer by Kinetic Spectrophotometry (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanisms of Photochemical Reactions in Solution. XXXIX.1 Study of Energy Transfer by Kinetic SpectrophotometryWilliam G. Herkstroeter and George S. HammondCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 21, 4769–4777Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00973a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00973a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views644Altmetric-Citations158LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Some formulas for moments of the Poisson distribution (1980)

Several methods of calculating moments of the Poisson distribution are discussed. A simple formula is derived which may be particularly useful in finding high-order moments.Received 18 January 1980DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.22.6474©1980 American Physical Society
M (1993)

Unter Mitbestimmung versteht man im weiten Sinne „jede Form der Einwirkung auf das Zustandekommen und die Durchführung von Entscheidungen ..., die von anderen (aufgrund von bestehenden Herrschafts- oder Machtverhältnissen) getroffen werden“ (Apel 1969, S. 81). Dieser Definition ist hinzuzufügen, daß es um die Beeinflussung von Entscheidungen durch Menschen in ihrer Eigenschaft als Arbeitnehmer (Arbeitnehmer, Begriff) geht, nicht um die Partizipation in der Rolle als Staatsbürger über Parteien, Parlamente, Regierungen oder Verwaltungen (vgl. dazu →Lobbyismus, Gewerkschaften).
Realistic AR makeup over diverse skin tones on mobile (2018)

We propose a novel approach to the application of realistic makeup over a diverse set of skin tones in mobile phones using augmented reality. The method we developed mimics the real world layering techniques and application that makeup artists use. We can accurately represent the five most commonly used materials found in commercial makeup products- Matte, Velvet, Glossy, Glitter, and Metallic. We apply skin smoothing to even out the natural skin tone and tone-mapping to further blend source and synthetic layers.
Einführung in die Hochspannungs-Versuchstechnik (1978)

in die Hochspannungs Versuchstechnik für Elektrotechniker 2., bearbeitete Auflage Mit 181 Bildern Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH 1. Auflage 1972 2., bearbeitete Auflage 1978 Alle Rechte vorbehalte
Fructose malabsorption induces cholecystokinin expression in the ileum and cecum by changing microbiota composition and metabolism (2019)

Current fructose consumption levels often overwhelm the intestinal capacity to absorb fructose. We investigated the impact of fructose malabsorption on intestinal endocrine function and addressed the role of the microbiota in this process. To answer this question, a mouse model of moderate fructose malabsorption [ketohexokinase mutant (KHK)<sup>-/-</sup>] and wild-type (WT) littermate mice were used and received a 20%-fructose (KHK-F and WT-F) or 20%-glucose diet. Cholecystokinin (<i>Cck</i>) mRNA and protein expression in the ileum and cecum, as well as preproglucagon (<i>Gcg</i>) and neurotensin (<i>Nts</i>) mRNA expression in the cecum, increased in KHK-F mice. In KHK-F mice, triple-label immunohistochemistry showed major up-regulation of CCK in enteroendocrine cells (EECs) that were glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)<sup>+</sup>/Peptide YY (PYY<sup>-</sup>) in the ileum and colon and GLP-1<sup>-</sup>/PYY<sup>-</sup> in the cecum. The cecal microbiota composition was drastically modified in the KHK-F in association with an increase in glucose, propionate, succinate, and lactate concentrations. Antibiotic treatment abolished fructose malabsorption-dependent induction of cecal <i>Cck</i> mRNA expression and, in mouse GLUTag and human NCI-H716 cells, <i>Cck</i> mRNA expression levels increased in response to propionate, both suggesting a microbiota-dependent process. Fructose reaching the lower intestine can modify the composition and metabolism of the microbiota, thereby stimulating the production of CCK from the EECs possibly in response to propionate.-Zhang, X., Grosfeld, A., Williams, E., Vasiliauskas, D., Barretto, S., Smith, L., Mariadassou, M., Philippe, C., Devime, F., Melchior, C., Gourcerol, G., Dourmap, N., Lapaque, N., Larraufie, P., Blottière, H. M., Herberden, C., Gerard, P., Rehfeld, J. F., Ferraris, R. P., Fritton, J. C., Ellero-Simatos, S., Douard, V. Fructose malabsorption induces cholecystokinin expression in the ileum and cecum by changing microbiota composition and metabolism.
Human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells use galectin-1 to inhibit immune effector cells (2010)

Human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) suppress proliferation and alloreactivity of T cells. Several signaling molecules and enzymes contribute to this effect. We focused on carbohydrate-protein interactions and investigated whether lectins are involved in immune modulation by MSC. Gene expression profiling of MSCs revealed that one of the most important lectins in this setting, galectin-1, was highly expressed. Galectin-1 protein was detected intracellularly and on the cell surface of MSCs. In addition, galectin-1 was released into the cell culture supernatant by MSCs. To analyze the functional role of galectin-1, a stable knockdown of galectin-1 in MSCs with use of a retroviral transfection system was established. Galectin-1 knockdown in MSCs resulted in a significant loss of their immunomodulatory properties, compared with MSCs infected with nontargeting control sequences. The galectin-1 knockdown partially restored the proliferation of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. By contrast, the effect of MSCs on nonalloreactive natural killer (NK) cells was unaffected by down-regulation of galectin-1 expression. Furthermore, MSC-derived galectin-1 significantly modulated the release of cytokines involved in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and autoimmunity (eg, tumor necrosis factor-α [TNFα], IFNγ, interleukin-2 [IL-2], and IL-10. These results identify galectin-1 as the first lectin mediating the immunomodulatory effect of MSCs on allogeneic T cells.
Optimized design of two-pump fiber optical parametric amplifier with two-section nonlinear fibers using genetic algorithm (2004)

A new two-pump fiber optical parametric amplifier (FOPA) is presented, which is composed of two-section high nonlinear fibers (HNLFs). Genetic algorithm (GA), a multivariate stochastic optimization algorithm is applied to optimize parameters of two fiber segments, such as the length and dispersion coefficient of fiber. A broadband FOPA with twosection HNLFs is obtained using optimum design parameters, which theoretically provides a uniform gain of 20.3 dB with 0.2-dB uniformity over a 346-nm bandwidth.
Strip-line-fed double-layer microstrip antenna (1997)

A novel strip-line feeding technique for a double-layer microstrip antenna is introduced. The proposed feed structure reduces the spurious radiation due to the discontinuities caused by the strip-line feed. The analysis is based on the cavity model, which provides a simple design procedure. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 14:295–290, 1997.
A tuneable, switchable dielectric grating (1993)

Electromagnetic scattering characteristics of dielectric gratings are examined numerically using the finite-element method. The gratings are created by introducing pressurized dielectric fluid into periodic tubes within a dielectric sheet. A structure is presented which has an extremely narrow stop-band (total power reflection) immediately adjacent to a passband (total transmission). It is shown that the critical bands can be shifted by changing the fluid pressure, at a cost of only slightly less than perfect passband transmission (97%), while the rejection band remains perfect (100%). Thus, a unique tuneable, switchable frequency selective surface can be easily realized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Propionyl Coenzyme A Is a Common Intermediate in the 1,2-Propanediol and Propionate Catabolic Pathways Needed for Expression of the <i>prpBCDE</i> Operon during Growth of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> on 1,2-Propanediol (2003)

The studies reported here identify propionyl coenzyme A (propionyl-CoA) as the common intermediate in the 1,2-propanediol and propionate catabolic pathways of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2. Growth on 1,2-propanediol as a carbon and energy source led to the formation and excretion of propionate, whose activation to propionyl-CoA relied on the activities of the propionate kinase (PduW)/phosphotransacetylase (Pta) enzyme system and the CobB sirtuin-controlled acetyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA (Acs, PrpE) synthetases. The different affinities of these systems for propionate ensure sufficient synthesis of propionyl-CoA to support wild-type growth of S. enterica under low or high concentrations of propionate in the environment. These redundant systems of propionyl-CoA synthesis are needed because the prpE gene encoding the propionyl-CoA synthetase enzyme is part of the prpBCDE operon under the control of the PrpR regulatory protein, which needs 2-methylcitrate as a coactivator. Because the synthesis of 2-methylcitrate by PrpC (i.e., the 2-methylcitrate synthase enzyme) requires propionyl-CoA as a substrate, the level of propionyl-CoA needs to be raised by the Acs or PduW-Pta system before 2-methylcitrate can be synthesized and prpBCDE transcription can be activated.
Effect of Subendocardial Resection on Sinus Rhythm Endocardial Electrogram Abnormalities (1995)

These data show that (1) some of the signal recorded on the endocardial surface is derived from deeper tissue layers and (2) split and late electrogram components appear to be generated by cells in the superficial endocardial layers, since they are eradicated by removal of this tissue. These findings correspond well with previous histological studies of resection specimens that show bundles of surviving muscle cells separated by layers of dense scar that act as an insulator.
<title>Digital network for video surveillance and video distribution</title> (1996)

Siemens Atea n.v. developed a digital 600 Mbps network based on a counter-rotating optical ring. On this network a video subsystem has been developed, based on M-JPEG compression technology. Videostream switching has been integrated in the network. The resulting system can be used for video collection (surveillance) and for video distribution. This article describes some of the technical features of the system, and technology choices that have been made.
Anthrax Toxin Induces Hemolysis: An Indirect Effect through Polymorphonuclear Cells (2003)

Anthrax toxin can induce hemolysis in the presence of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), an activity primarily mediated by protective antigen, with synergic effects provided by lethal factor and edema factor. Lethal factor and edema factor, individually or in combination, are incapable of lysing red blood cells. The requirement for the presence of PMNs indicates that hemolysis associated with Bacillus anthracis infection is indirect rather than direct, as observed in many other bacterial infections.
An electron beam activated switch and associated memory (1968)

A new type of electron beam activated switch (EBAS) is described which utilizes electron beam induced charge storage in the metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) system. The state of the EBAS is determined by monitoring the surface conductance of the semiconductor. After discussing the basic charge-storage phenomena, memory arrays that use the electron beam for storing and reading information are described. A matrix array of EBASs in which information is stored using the electron beam and read by row-column access circuits is discussed in detail. The time to store a bit of information is a function of the current density of the electron beam; an approximate dosage of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> C/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> is required for storage. A memory design using Schlesinger's microspot tube for the electron optics is discussed. It is shown that storage of 1.0 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> bits per tube should be possible with presently available electron optical design and semiconductor technology.
TSV metrology and inspection challenges (2009)

The interest in 3D packaging and specifically TSV processes has grown significantly in the past few years, with nearly every major chip manufacturer announcing plans to develop and implement this technology. As TSV process flows become stabilized, a number of metrology and inspection issues and opportunities have arisen. Many of these challenges are novel to the industry due to the relatively large size of the vias and new processes such as wafer back-grinding and carrier bonding. This paper summarizes the initial trial process monitoring that has been used during via-first TSV process development at IMEC. This process is designed for SiC (system in chip) applications, using Cu-filled vias measuring 5 um wide by 22 or 50 um deep. While there are a variety of metrology and inspection applications for TSV processing, the main topics covered here are via size measurement, post-grind wafer inspection, and carrier wafer bonding inspection.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (1996)

The Michigan Prostate Institute, The University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
Wireless LAN design alternatives (1994)

The authors have discussed several alternatives in wireless LAN design: media choice, operating frequency, operating mode, network topology, and access method. Although each technical choice presents both advantages and disadvantages, they argue that there is a design point that provides the best fit with present and future wireless LAN user needs. Considering all factors/spl mdash/including robustness, regulatory considerations, and interference avoidance/spl mdash/using a product based on the slow frequency-hopping spread spectrum, in the 2.4 GHz ISM band, relying on a base station remote station network topology and using a TDMA-based access method is the best way to meet the needs of radio-frequency wireless LAN users. The choices are many, but slow frequency-hopping at 2.4 GHz and TDMA-based medium access control provide the best mix of cost, range, interference, and performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Docetaxel: a new defence in the management of breast cancer (1995)

The results of nine phase II trials of docetaxel in the first- and second-line treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer are summarized. All 316 patients included in this report received docetaxel at a dose of 100 mg/m2 administered over 1 h every 3 weeks on an outpatient basis. One hundred and fifty-four patients received docetaxel as first-line therapy for advanced disease, half of whom had received prior adjuvant chemotherapy (finished at least 1 year previously). An overall response rate of 59% (95% CI: 51-67) was achieved in these patients, with a median duration of response of 8.3 months and a median time to progression of 4.9 months. Similar results were seen in a subgroup of 68 patients with liver metastases. Among the 162 patients given docetaxel as second-line therapy, 134 had strictly defined anthracycline-resistant disease; 73 had liver metastases. The combined overall response rate for anthracycline-resistant patients in two US studies was 48% (95% CI: 37-59) while that in a multicenter French study was 29% (95% CI: 18-44). The median duration of response in each case was 6.3 and 5.5 months, respectively, with an overall median survival duration of 11 and 10 months, respectively. Among patients with liver metastases, second-line treatment with docetaxel achieved an overall response rate of 32%, a median duration of response of 7.8 months and a median survival duration of 9 months. These results for docetaxel as both first- and second-line therapy are comparable with those achieved with doxorubicin and are particularly promising in patients with liver metastases and anthracycline-resistant disease.
Electric field metrology for SI traceability: Systematic measurement uncertainties in electromagnetically induced transparency in atomic vapor (2017)

We investigate the relationship between the Rabi frequency (ΩRF, related to the applied electric field) and Autler-Townes (AT) splitting, when performing atom-based radio-frequency (RF) electric (E) field strength measurements using Rydberg states and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in an atomic vapor. The AT splitting satisfies, under certain conditions, a well-defined linear relationship with the applied RF field amplitude. The EIT/AT-based E-field measurement approach derived from these principles is currently being investigated by several groups around the world as a means to develop a new SI-traceable RF E-field measurement technique. We establish conditions under which the measured AT-splitting is an approximately linear function of the RF electric field. A quantitative description of systematic deviations from the linear relationship is key to exploiting EIT/AT-based atomic-vapor spectroscopy for SI-traceable field measurement. We show that the linear relationship is valid and can be used to determine the E-field strength, with minimal error, as long as the EIT linewidth is small compared to the AT-splitting. We also discuss interesting aspects of the thermal dependence (i.e., hot- versus cold-atom) of this EIT-AT technique. An analysis of the transition from cold- to hot-atom EIT in a Doppler-mismatched cascade system reveals a significant change of the dependence of the EIT linewidth on the optical Rabi frequencies and of the AT-splitting on ΩRF.