gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methanol Oxidation at Pt−Cu, Pt−Ni, and Pt−Co Electrode Coatings Prepared by a Galvanic Replacement Process (2010)

Platinized Cu, Ni, and Co deposits have been formed on glassy carbon (GC) electrode substrates by a two-step process, whereby a controlled amount of the transition metal was electrodeposited onto GC and subsequently partially exchanged for Pt upon immersion of the Cu/GC, Ni/GC, and Co/GC electrodes into a chloroplatinic acid solution. The spontaneous partial replacement of the transition metal by Pt resulted in Pt(Cu)/GC, Pt(Ni)/GC, and Pt(Co)/GC electrodes whose composition and depth profile were obtained by energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and sputter-etch Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Following electrochemical conditioning (involving electrode exposure to the oxygen and hydrogen evolution potential regimes), all deposits displayed typical Pt surface electrochemistry in acid solutions. Pt(Cu) catalysts exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation both during voltammetric and constant potential experiments. The behavior of Pt(Ni) and Pt(Co) depended on the method of assessment; in short-term voltammetric experiments, they were inferior to pure Pt, whereas in long-term constant potential experiments they outperformed it. The superior methanol oxidation activity of Pt(Cu) among all catalysts tested is interpreted in terms of the effect of Cu, Ni, and Co on methanol dissociative chemisorption and CO poison removal at/from the Pt surface.
Neural Stem Cells - A Promising Potential Therapy for Brain Tumors (2006)

Brain tumors can be highly aggressive and debilitating for many patients and lead to an untimely death in just a few months. Unfortunately, due to the location of many brain tumors, therapy with ionizing radiation, chemotherapeutic agents and/or surgery has limited rewards. In addition, the probability of totally removing highly infiltrative tumors, particularly gliomas, is extremely low and rarely provides a cure. The need for directed targeting and ablation of tumors with minimal damage to nearby healthy tissue has lead to the most recent findings and uses of neural stem cells for therapeutic treatment of brain tumors. Recently, some very promising studies have demonstrated that exogenous neural stem cells have the remarkable ability to migrate very long distances towards sites of metastasis after transplantation. These studies also show that intravascular injections of neural stem cells may lead to preferential migration towards central nervous system tumors. It has also been demonstrated that genetically modified neural stem cells, engineered to produce anti-tumor molecules, upon transplantation, have the ability to migrate towards tumors and reduce tumor mass directly or through a "bystander" effect. Here we review the current literature examining the promise of utilizing genetically modified neural stem cells as vehicles for CNS tumor therapy.
Development of high-quality low-temperature (&amp;#x2264; 120&amp;#x00B0;C) PECVD-SiN films by organosilane (2015)

We obtained high-quality PECVD-SiN films deposited under 120°C using organosilane precursor. The SiN film has low hydrogen content and low BHF etching rate. In addition, SiN film properties did not change after pressure cooker test (PCT: 120°C, 0.2 MPa, 6 hours). The low-temperature deposition process for SiN films hold promise for improving 3DIC manufacturing process.
Low-Carbon Natural Gas for Transportation: Well-to-Wheels Emissions and Potential Market Assessment in California (2016)

This report improves on the understanding of the long-term technology potential of low-carbon natural gas (LCNG) supply pathways by exploring transportation market adoption potential through 2035 in California. Techno-economic assessments of each pathway are developed to compare the capacity, cost, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of select LCNG production pathways. The study analyzes the use of fuel from these pathways in light-, medium-, and heavy-duty vehicle applications. Economic and life-cycle GHG emissions analysis suggest that landfill gas resources are an attractive and relatively abundant resource in terms of cost and GHG reduction potential, followed by waste water treatment plants and biomass with gasification and methanation. Total LCNG production potential is on the order of total natural gas demand anticipated in a success scenario for future natural gas vehicle adoption by 2035 across light-, medium-, and heavy-duty vehicle markets (110 trillion Btu/year).
High-Power, Short-Pulse, Compact SLR2000 Laser Transmitter (2004)

This paper reports on the design and performance of a satellite-ranging transmitter consisting of a Cr:YAG passively Q-switched Nd:YAG microlaser and an air-cooled Nd:YVO4 power amplifier, generating 235-µJ, 270-ps pulses at a 2-kHz rate.
Tryptophane-Based Biphenylsulfonamide Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors as Tumor Imaging Agents (2005)

In vivo evaluation of these radioiodinated carboxylic and hydroxamic MMP inhibitor tracers revealed that they do not appear suitable as tumor-imaging agents.
Neutrophil CD14: biochemical properties and role in the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in response to lipopolysaccharide (1993)

CD14 is a myeloid cell differentiation Ag expressed primarily by monocytes and macrophages. CD14 has recently been shown to function as a receptor for a complex of LPS and LPS binding protein (LBP), an acute phase serum protein also present in normal serum in trace amounts. In the presence of LBP, LPS strongly activates monocytes via CD14 as measured by TNF secretion. This pathway of monocyte activation is thought to be a major contributor to the symptoms of endotoxin shock. Another major cell type involved in the response to Gram-negative infection is the neutrophil. Recent studies have shown that neutrophils also express CD14 and suggest that they can respond to LPS through a similar pathway. However, the biochemical nature of neutrophil CD14 has not previously been described. In this report, we have analyzed several biochemical characteristics of neutrophil CD14. We show that CD14 is actively synthesized by neutrophils as a glycosylphosphatidyl-inositol-anchored protein, indistinguishable in size from monocyte CD14. Furthermore, neutrophils, like monocytes, shed a smaller soluble form of CD14 into culture supernatants. In addition, like monocytes, neutrophils respond to LPS/LBP complexes via CD14 by releasing TNF-alpha. The described properties and function of neutrophil CD14 suggest that it may directly participate in the acute inflammatory response and in endotoxin shock.
Multilevel fault-tolerance for designing dependable wireless networks (2003)

As wireless networks are increasingly deployed in the enterprise and other environments and such trends are expected to intensify with the emergence of high performance wireless networks, an important and emerging area of research is the dependability of wireless networks. Although, the dependability problem also arises in wireline counterparts, user mobility, location and link dependence, and fault propagation make dependability a challenging task in wireless networks. The main contribution of this paper is to propose a multilevel, fault-tolerant design for the emerging wireless networks. Extensive simulation results show that increased user mobility can be compensated by deploying multi-level redundancy and the performance of wireless link is not critical in the overall availability as long as the link availability stays above a certain threshold. One major contribution of our work is to demonstrate that optimal dependability performance can only be achieved by fault-tolerance at network level.
Accurate prediction of deleterious protein kinase polymorphisms (2007)

We have developed a method to prioritize nsSNPs and have applied it to the human protein kinase gene family. The results of our analyses provide high quality predictions and outperform available whole genome prediction methods (74% versus 83% prediction accuracy). Our analyses and methods consider both DNA sequence conservation, which most traditional methods are based on, as well unique structural and functional features of kinases. We provide a ranked list of common kinase nsSNPs that have a higher probability of impacting human disease based on our analyses.
Towards an Intelligent Property Valuation Model: An Exploratory and Conceptual Study (2007)

Automated Valuation Models (AVMs) have been used by mortgage industry participants for a number of years with a limited degree of success. A lack of comprehensive data and thus restricted reliability has prevented AVMs from being fully adopted by governments, lenders, brokers, and the like. This paper presents a framework for building an intelligent property valuation model that overcomes these problems. An overview of AVM research, a survey of current AVM products and several interviews with industry participants were conducted. The findings revealed a number of important elements for optimal AVMs. This paper also provides a description of a unique dataset combining both appraisal data and public record data. This information combined with well established data mining techniques including clustering, geocoding, and ensembles provides the basis for further research towards building a new property valuation method that better meets industry needs.
Comprehensive EST analysis of tomato and comparative genomics of fruit ripening (2004)

A large tomato expressed sequence tag (EST) dataset (152 635 total) was analyzed to gain insights into differential gene expression among diverse plant tissues representing a range of developmental programs and biological responses. These ESTs were clustered and assembled to a total of 31 012 unique gene sequences. To better understand tomato gene expression at a plant system level and to identify differentially expressed and tissue-specific genes, we developed and implemented a digital expression analysis protocol. By clustering genes according to their relative abundance in the various EST libraries, expression patterns of genes across various tissues were generated and genes with similar patterns were grouped. In addition, tissues themselves were clustered for relatedness based on relative gene expression as a means of validating the integrity of the EST data as representative of relative gene expression. Arabidopsis and grape EST collections were also characterized to facilitate cross-species comparisons where possible. Tomato fruit digital expression data was specifically compared with publicly available grape EST data to gain insight into molecular manifestation of ripening processes across diverse taxa and resulted in identification of common transcription factors not previously associated with ripening.
Opaline Photonic Crystals: How Does Self‐Assembly Work? (2004)

Thin opaline films (see Figure), which are self-assembled from colloidal microspheres, have recently been used to explore the properties of photonic crystals. However, the detailed growth mechanism of these opals is not known. Here the underlying issues involved in the growth are discussed, and it is suggested that solvent flow, which to date has not been seriously considered, could play a critical role in controlling the formation process.
Induction of NKCF-like activity in mixed lymphocyte-tumor cell culture: direct involvement of mycoplasma infection of tumor cells. (1984)

Co-culture of CBA/J spleen cells and certain lines of YAC-1 stimulators resulted in the appearance of NKCF-like activity in 24- to 48-hr supernatants. Numerous other in vitro cell lines were effective stimulators of this splenic cytotoxic factor (SCF). The cells participating in SCF production were absent from normal thymocytes and were present in BALB/c nu/nu spleen, were nonadherent, asialo GM1+, and bore low levels of Thy-1.2. SCF could mediate lysis of certain NK-sensitive tumor targets in an 18-hr 51Cr-release assay. However, the induction of SCF was not correlated with the ability of a particular cell line to be lysed by NK cells, but showed an absolute correlation with the presence of mycoplasma contamination in cultured tumor cell lines. Mycoplasma negative cell lines, including an uninfected but NK-sensitive subline of YAC-1, were unable to induce SCF. Decontamination of mycoplasma-infected lines with antibiotics or by passage through syngeneic mice abrogated the ability of infected tumor cells to stimulate SCF. The ability to induce SCF could be restored by reinfection with mycoplasma. Tumor cell-free supernatants from contaminated cultures were mitogenic for CBA spleen cells and could themselves induce SCF activity in spleen cell supernatants. SCF production and the agent responsible could be removed by passing such supernatants through 0.1-micron filters. The organism apparently responsible for SCF induction from CBA spleen cells was typed and found to be Mycoplasma orale, a nonfermentative, arginine-dependent, common tissue culture contaminant. About 50 to 60% of SCF activity could be removed by 0.1-micron filters, suggesting that SCF is composed of two components: mycoplasma organisms themselves and a soluble cytotoxic factor produced in response to mycoplasma.
Nutrition support in the critical care setting: current practice in canadian ICUs‐‐opportunities for improvement? (2003)

A significant number of critically ill patients did not receive any form of nutrition support for the study period. Those that did receive nutrition support did not meet their prescribed energy or protein needs, especially earlier in the course of their illness. Significant opportunities to improve provision of nutrition support to critically ill patients exist.
Principles for Protecting Privacy (2002)

This article addresses health privacy in the broader context of other areas of recent privacy activity, in an effort to discover what people should have learned in trying to identify those principles that should undergrid regulatory efforts to protect privacy. Increasingly, the dominant trend in recent and pending privacy legislation is to invest consumers with near absolute control over information in the marketplace. - irrespective of whether the information is, or could be, used to cause harm. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act privacy rules wholly ignore the concept of harm and the constitutional requirement of targeting restriction on information flows to specific harms. Five principles that regulators should consider are: 1. focus on harm, not control, 2. Use narrow, precise definitions that focus on reasonable expectations of privacy, 3. employ appropriate consent requirements, 4. behave consistently with legal requirements imposed on others, and 5. evaluate the consistency of rules.
Bacteriological quality of fabrics washed at lower-than-standard temperatures in a hospital laundry facility (1983)

We determined whether the bacteriological quality of fabrics cleaned in a hospital laundry could be maintained at wash temperatures lower than 75 degrees C by the use of economically reasonable formulas and wash conditions. Three groups of bacteria were examined to determine bacteriological quality: aerobic, nonexacting chemoorganotrophs, staphylococci, and total coliforms. The distribution of bacteria on soiled fabric was patchy, with staphylococci and total coliforms ranging from less than 0.1 to greater than 4 X 10(3) CFU/cm2 and chemoorganotrophs ranging from less than 0.1 to greater than 5 X 10(5) CFU/cm2. The washing process routinely produced fabric containing less than 1 CFU/cm2. Low-temperature (47.8 to 60.0 degrees C) wash procedures eliminated all bacterial groups at least as effectively as did high-temperature procedures. The effectiveness of bacterial density reduction at low temperature was augmented by increased concentrations of bleach. Successful low-temperature washing such as that shown here may save both energy and money for hospitals.
On the radiation Q and the gain of crossed electric and magnetic dipole moments (2005)

Exact expressions for the radiation quality factor Q and the gain pattern function of the corresponding antenna are derived and their properties are analyzed for crossed electric and magnetic dipole moment configuration. Both omni-directional and directional antennas with linear, elliptical, or circular polarization can achieve the same minimum radiation Q. The maximum gain of the antenna ranges from 3/2 to 3. The maximum gain of three can be achieved only for linear polarization when the source vectors make a right angle and the amplitudes of the TM and the TE modes are equal. The increase in the maximum gain from 3/2 for omni-directional antennas to 3 for directional antennas does not require any increase in the radiation Q, which suggests that practical directional antennas with higher gain may be realized with smaller size compared with small omni-directional antennas assuming similar operation bandwidths.
Bioavailability and stability of nifedipine-enteric coating agent solid dispersion. (1985)

The absorption behavior and stability of nifedipine-enteric coating agent solid dispersions were studied using hydroxypropylmethylcellulosephthalate (HP-55) and methacrylic acid-methacrylic acid methyl ester copolymer (Eudragit L) as carriers. In the rat in situ absorption study, the dissolution behavior of HP-55 solid dispersion in the gastrointestinal tract was confirmed to be pH-dependent. After oral administration of these solid dispersions in beagle dog, area under the blood concentration curve (AUC) values were equivalent to that of polyvinylpyrrolidone solid dispersion, which showed remarkably improved dissolution behavior and bioavailability as compared with nifedipine alone. These systems were stable chemically and physically at 40 C and 40 C/80% R. H. during 6 months, and could be useful sustained absorption dosage forms with good bioavailability.
Comparison Between Different Sound Source Localization Techniques Based on a Real Data Collection (2008)

Comparing the different sound source localization techniques, proposed in the literature during the last decade, represents a relevant topic in order to establish advantages and disadvantages of a given approach in a real-time implementation. Traditionally, algorithms for sound source localization rely on an estimation of time difference of arrival (TDOA) at microphone pairs through GCC-PHAT When several microphone pairs are available the source position can be estimated as the point in space that best fits the set of TDOA measurements by applying global coherence field (GCF), also known as SRP-PHAT, or oriented global coherence field (OGCF). A first interesting analysis compares the performance of GCF and OGCF to a suboptimal LS search method. In a second step, Adaptive Eigenvalue Decomposition is implemented as an alternative to GCC-PHAT in TDOA estimation. Comparative experiments are conducted on signals acquired by a linear array during WOZ experiments in an interactive-TV scenario. Changes in performance according to different SNR levels are reported.
Pantocin B, an Antibiotic from <i>Erwinia herbicola</i> Discovered by Heterologous Expression of Cloned Genes (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTPantocin B, an Antibiotic from Erwinia herbicola Discovered by Heterologous Expression of Cloned GenesSean F. Brady, Sandra A. Wright, Julie C. Lee, Amanda E. Sutton, Cathy H. Zumoff, Richard S. Wodzinski, Steven V. Beer, and Jon ClardyView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301 Department of Plant Pathology Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-4203 Department of Biology Ithaca College, Ithaca, New York 14850 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 50, 11912–11913Publication Date (Web):December 4, 1999Publication History Received5 August 1999Published online4 December 1999Published inissue 1 December 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja992790mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja992790mrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views577Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Antimicrobial agents,Biosynthesis,Genetics,Hydrolysis,X-rays Get e-Alerts
Adaptive Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer—Can an Old Goal Evolve into a New Standard? (2010)

Current head and neck intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) techniques cause significant toxicity. This may be explained in part by the fact that IMRT cannot compensate for changes in the location of disease and normal anatomy during treatment, leading to exposure of at-risk bystander tissues to higher-than-anticipated doses. Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) is a novel approach to correct for daily tumor and normal tissue variations through online or offline modification of original IMRT target volumes and plans. ART has been discussed on a conceptual level for many years, but technical limitations have hampered its integration into routine care. In this paper, we review the key anatomic, dosimetric, and treatment delivery issues at play in current investigational development of head and neck ART. We also describe pilot findings from initial clinical deployment of head and neck ART, as well as emerging pathways of future research.
Effect of Temperature on the Slurry Characteristics and Green Bodies of Alumina (1995)

The importance of temperature in colloidal processing was examined by investigating its effect on the characteristics of a ceramic slurry and on the subsequent processing before firing. An aqueous alumina slurry was used as a model system in the present study. The viscosity of the slurry was found to vary significantly with temperature, and the structure of the resultant green bodies made by centrifugation varied correspondingly. The importance of temperature in the production of ceramics is discussed in light of these results.
Preparation of amides mediated by isopropylmagnesium chloride under continuous flow conditions (2012)

A safe, green and functional-group-tolerant flow version of the direct amide bond formation mediated by Grignard reagents (the Bodroux reaction) is described. The procedure can be applied to a wide variety of primary and secondary amines and anilines, as well as to aromatic and aliphatic esters. The flow approach leads to improved yields and selectivities in the reaction, which has a sustainable purification procedure and a simple scale-up. This reaction represents an efficient and green alternative to the use of alkylaluminium and metal-catalyzed procedures.