gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methylseleninate Is a Substrate Rather Than an Inhibitor of Mammalian Thioredoxin Reductase (2002)

Biochemical and clinical evidence indicates that monomethylated selenium compounds are crucial for the tumor preventive effects of the trace element selenium and that methylselenol (CH(3)SeH) is a key metabolite. As suggested by Ganther (Ganther, H. E. (1999) Carcinogenesis 20, 1657-1666), methylselenol and its precursor methylseleninate might exert their effects by inhibition of the selenoenzyme thioredoxin reductase via the irreversible formation of a diselenide bridge. Here we report that methylseleninate does not act as an inhibitor of mammalian thioredoxin reductase but is in fact an excellent substrate (K(m) of 18 microm, k(cat) of 23 s(-1)), which is reduced by the enzyme according to the equation 2 NADPH + 2 H(+) + CH(3)SeO(2)H --> 2 NADP(+) + 2 H(2)O + CH(3)SeH. The selenium-containing product of this reaction was identified by mass spectrometry. Nascent methylselenol was found to efficiently reduce both H(2)O(2) and glutathione disulfide. The implications of these findings for the antitumor activity of selenium are discussed. Methylseleninate was a poor substrate not only for human glutathione reductase but also for the non-selenium thioredoxin reductases enzymes from Drosophila melanogaster and Plasmodium falciparum. This suggests that the catalytic selenocysteine residue of mammalian thioredoxin reductase is essential for methylseleninate reduction.
The Degradation of Hyaluronic Acid by Methanolysis<sup>*</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Degradation of Hyaluronic Acid by Methanolysis*Roger W. Jeanloz and Dorothy A. JeanlozCite this: Biochemistry 1964, 3, 1, 121–123Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00889a019https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00889a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views278Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Software-Based Sonar Ranging Sensor for Smart Phones (2015)

We live in a 3-D world. However, the smart phones that we use every day are incapable of sensing depth, without the use of custom hardware. By creating new depth sensors, we can provide developers with the tools that they need to create immersive mobile applications that take advantage of the 3-D nature of our world. In this paper, we propose a new sonar sensor for smart phones. This sonar sensor does not require any additional hardware, and utilizes the phone's microphone and rear speaker. The sonar sensor calculates distances by measuring the elapsed time between the initial pulse and its reflection. We evaluate the accuracy of the sonar sensor by using it to measure the distance from the phone to an object. We found that we were able to measure the distances of objects accurately with an error bound of 12 cm.
Biological effects of a porcine-derived collagen membrane on intrabony defects (2010)

Within the limitations of this study, this collagen membrane enhanced bone regeneration at one-wall intrabony defects. On the other hand, no influence of this membrane on periodontal tissue regeneration could be ascertained in this study.
Assessment of Gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) by Gelatin Zymography (2003)

The invasion and metastasis of tumor cells has been shown to require proteolytic activity in order to degrade components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The hydrolysis of the ECM appears to facilitate tumor cell migration contributing to the metastatic dissemination of malignant cells (1). A major group of proteases that has been directly associated with tumor metastasis is the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of endopeptidases known to cleave many ECM proteins (1). The MMPs are multidomain proteases that contain a zinc atom in the active site and are produced in a latent inactive form (zymogen) (2). Acquisition of enzymatic activity requires cleavage of the inhibitory N-terminal domain (3). Thus, generation of the active form usually occurs concomitantly with a decrease in molecular mass and exposure of the active site. Once activated, all the MMPs are specifically inhibited by a group of endogenous protease inhibitors known as the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), which bind to the active site inhibiting catalytic activity (4).
Similarity of <i>sli-1</i> , a Regulator of Vulval Development in <i>C. elegans</i> , to the Mammalian Proto-Oncogene c- <i>cbl</i> (1995)

Vulval induction during Caenorhabditis elegans development is mediated by LET-23, a homolog of the mammalian epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. The sli-1 gene is a negative regulator of LET-23 and is shown here to encode a protein similar to c-Cbl, a mammalian proto-oncoprotein. SLI-1 and c-Cbl share approximately 55 percent amino acid identity over a stretch of 390 residues, which includes a C3HC4 zinc-binding motif known as the RING finger, and multiple consensus binding sites for Src homology 3 (SH3) domains. SLI-1 and c-Cbl may define a new class of proteins that modify receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated signal transduction.
19.5 A 3.2GHz digital phase-locked loop with background supply-noise cancellation (2016)

Phase-locked loops (PLLs) are widely used in various applications such as processors, consumer electronics, and wireline communication systems. When digital circuits and a PLL with a ring oscillator are integrated together, the power supply noise may degrade the jitter performance of the PLL. To lower the supply-noise sensitivity of a PLL, several approaches [1-5] have been proposed. A passive decoupling capacitor and/or a low-dropout (LDO) regulator [1] can be used to suppress the supply noise. However, the decoupling capacitor occupies large area and the LDO requires additional power and area. In [2], a calibration mechanism is used to close and open the loop on an alternating basis, increasing the settling time. In [3], an extra foreground frequency calibration is needed to ensure the PLL is at the correct sub-band and supply voltage - it may be susceptible to process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations. The approach in [4] requires a low-frequency triangular signal generator, additional current sources, and active devices, increasing power and noise. In [5], two constant-gm bias circuits are used to cancel supply noise. However, it is sensitive to PVT variations, which may degrade the supply-noise suppression.
Velocity-independent redatuming: A new approach to the near-surface problem in land seismic data processing (2002)

It is well known that a complex near surface—encountered in areas such as desert, mountainous, and glacial till environments—can significantly distort primary reflections from deeper horizons of interest. This has been and remains a major problem in seismic data processing.
Face and non-face classification by multinomial logit model and kernel feature compound vectors (2004)

This paper introduces a method for face and non-face classification. The method is based on the combined use of the multinomial logit model (MLM) and "kernel feature compound vectors". The NMM is one of the neural network models for multi-class pattern classification, and is supposed to be equal or better in classification performance than linear classification methods. The "Kernel Feature Compound Vectors" are compound feature vectors of geometric image features and Kernel features. Evaluation and comparison experiments were conducted by using face and non-ace images (Face training 100, cross-validation 300, test 325, Non-face training 200, cross-validation 1000, test 1000) gathered from the available face databases and others. The experimental result obtained by the proposed method was the best compared with the results by the Support Vector Machines (SVM) and the Kernel Fisher Discriminant Analysis (KFDA).
On the inflammatory response in metal-on-metal implants (2014)

Our data support the concept that metallosis is the result of a local inflammatory response, which according to histomorphology and the composition of the cellular infiltrate classifies as an acute phase of a chronic inflammatory disease. The proinflammatory environment, particularly the generation of the osteoclast-inducing cytokines CXCL8 and IL1-ß, promotes bone resorption. Loss of bone results in implant loosening, which then causes the major symptoms of metallosis, pain and reduced range of motion.
Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of <sup>14</sup> C-Labeled Grape Polyphenols in the Periphery and the Central Nervous System Following Oral Administration (2010)

Grape polyphenols confer potential health benefits, including prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. To determine the absorption and tissue distribution of the complex grape polyphenol mixture, (14)C-labeled polyphenols were biosynthesized by grape cell suspension cultures, during co-incubation with radioisotopically labeled sucrose, and fractionated into polyphenolic subfractions. The pharmacokinetics and distribution of grape polyphenols into blood, brain, and peripheral interstitial fluid were determined by tracking the (14)C label. The blood peak (14)C concentration of the fractions ranged from 15 minutes to 4 hours. Absorption and tissue distribution varied greatly between fractions. Concentrations in interstitial fluid were lower than in blood. The amount of residual label in the brain at 24 hours ranged from 0.1% to 1.7% of the dose, depending on the fraction. (14)C label found in the brain tissue and brain microdialysate indicated that grape polyphenols or their metabolites are able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Using (14)C-labeled plant polyphenols it is possible to track the compounds or their metabolic products into any tissue and determine distribution patterns in spite of low concentrations. A central question regarding the potential role of dietary polyphenolics in neurodegenerative research is whether they are bioavailable in the brain. Our observations indicate that some grape-derived polyphenolics do reach the brain, which suggests their potential value for applications in neurodegenerative disorders.
Tandutinib (MLN518) reverses multidrug resistance by inhibiting the efflux activity of the multidrug resistance protein 7 (ABCC10) (2013)

It is well established that ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major mechanisms that causes resistance to antineoplastic drugs in cancer cells. ABC transporters can significantly decrease the intracellular concentration of antineoplastic drugs by increasing their efflux, thereby lowering their cytotoxic activity. One of these transporters, the multidrug resistance protein 7 (MRP7/ABCC10), has already been shown to produce resistance to antineoplastic drugs by increasing the efflux of the drugs. In the present study, we investigated whether tandutinib, an FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitor, has the potential to reverse MRP7-mediated MDR. Our results revealed that tandutinib significantly enhanced the sensitivity of MRP7-transfected HEK293 cells to the 2 established MRP7 substrates, paclitaxel and vincristine, whereas there was less or no effect on the control vector-transfected HEK293 cells. [³H]-paclitaxel accumulation and efflux studies demonstrated that tandutinib increased the intracellular accumulation of [³H]-paclitaxel and inhibited the efflux of [³H]-paclitaxel from HEK-MRP7 cells. In addition, western blot analysis showed that tandutinib did not significantly affect MRP7 expression. Thus, we conclude that the FLT3 inhibitor tandutinib can reverse MRP7-mediated MDR through inhibition of the drug efflux function and may have potential to be used clinically in combination therapy for cancer patients.
Electrically controlled hydrophobicity in a surface modified nanoporous carbon (2011)

Conventional surface treatments lead to constant surface morphologies and properties. Here we show that as the inner surfaces of a nanoporous carbon are modified by 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid through a two-step grafting process, due to the flexibility of the surface chains, the end groups can be repelled by negative surface charges and attracted by positive surface charges. Thus, the surface wettability is controlled electrically. The effective solid-liquid interfacial tension in the nanopores is analyzed in a pressure induced infiltration experiment.
Heparin and Angiogenesis: A Low-Molecular-Weight Fraction Inhibits and a High-Molecular-Weight Fraction Stimulates Angiogenesis Systemically (1993)

The systemic effect of 2.4-, 8-, 15- and 22-kDa heparin fractions on saline-mediated angiogenesis in rats was compared with the systemic effect of an unfractionated Na-standard heparin (UFH), which had a mean molecular weight of about 15 kDa. Using the mesenteric-window assay in adult rats, the relative vascularized area was quantified morphometrically. The angiogenic response was strictly related to the mean molecular weight of the saccharides (r = 0.97); the 2.4-kDa fraction suppressed angiogenesis by 46% (p < or = 0.001), whereas the 22-kDa fraction stimulated angiogenesis by 123% (p < or = 0.01), as compared with the UFH. The UFH, thus, contained chain-length-related fragments that induced systemic antiangiogenic and angiogenic activity.
Multifunctional Structural Power and Energy Composites for U.S. Army Applications (2006)

Many U.S. Army systems depends on the efficient use of material mass and volume. Many components on these systems are often dedicated to power generation and energy storage. Examples include next-generation ground vehicles and individual soldiers, whose sensing and communication equipment requires both continuous and burst power. Many of these systems also include a significant amount of structural and/or armor materials. Therefore, important system-level reductions in mass and volume are possible by creating multifunctional materials that simultaneously offer both power generation or energy storage capabilities with structural or armor properties. Three candidate multifunctional materials are under investigation. First, structural fuel cells have been fabricated by creating skin-core composite structures. In these fuel cells, the skins are composed of thin, glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates. The core consists of layers of open-cell metal foam with a Nafion(R)-based membrane electrode assembly interlayer. This core generates power when hydrogen and oxygen sources are circulated through the porous foam layers. Simultaneously, the high shear and compressive stiffness of the core transfers loads efficiently to the skins, resulting in a structure with high specific stiffness and strength. Secondly, structural lithium-ion batteries are being designed by formulating ion-conductive polymer electrolytes with continuous fiber reinforcement. The electrolytes are designed to balance structural and ion-conduction properties, through the use of functionalized structural polymers, block copolymers, or microscale mixtures of conductive and structural materials. Finally, electroded surfaces have been integrated into continuous fiber reinforced polymeric composites, to create structural capacitors.
SLF Innterruption by a Gas Circuit Breaker Without Puffer Action (1981)

A full size model gas circuit breaker without puffer has been built and tested based on a new arc quenching principle of self-flow generation. The breaker generates the flow around current zero due to the pressure rise in the cylinder by positive utilization of nozzle clogging phenomenon. The test was carried out on BTF and SLF conditions prescribed in IEC standards. The breaker successfully interrupted 40 kA for BTF and SLF respectively at 84 kV. Based on the test results and the theoretical analysis of the self-flow generating behavior, it is remarked that the new arc quenching principle is more effective to get higher fault clearing capability compared with the puffer principle.
RNA polymerases IIA and IIO have distinct roles during transcription from the TATA-less murine dihydrofolate reductase promoter. (1993)

The largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) contains a remarkable region of tandem heptapeptide repeats of the consensus sequence Tyr-Ser-Pro-Thr-Ser-Pro-Ser at its carboxyl terminus. This COOH-terminal domain (CTD) is unphosphorylated in RNAP IIA, extensively phosphorylated in RNAP IIO, and absent in RNAP IIB. The reversible phosphorylation of the CTD has been proposed to be integral to each cycle of transcription from the adenovirus-2 major late promoter. The adenovirus-2 major late promoter, however, may not be a good paradigm for the study of CTD function because in vitro transcription from this promoter is not dependent on the CTD. Previous studies suggest that transcription from the murine dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) promoter requires the CTD. In an effort to investigate the role of the CTD and its phosphorylation, a RNAP II-dependent reconstituted transcription system specific for the DHFR promoter was established. In this reconstituted system, RNAP IIA, but not RNAP IIB, can transcribe from the DHFR promoter. Furthermore, RNAP IIB does not compete with RNAP IIA for preinitiation complex assembly. These results suggest that the CTD plays a critical role in the recruitment of RNAP II to the DHFR promoter. The analysis of preinitiation complexes assembled on the DHFR promoter indicates that RNAP IIA readily assembles into functional preinitiation complexes in contrast to the inefficient assembly of RNAP IIO. However, transcript elongation is catalyzed by RNAP IIO as demonstrated by the photoactivated cross-linking of nascent DHFR transcripts to subunit IIo. These results indicate that transcription from the DHFR promoter involves the reversible phosphorylation of the CTD and support the idea that RNAPs IIA and IIO have essential but distinct functions.
A Digital Velocity and Amplitude Error-Correction System for Component Time Base Correctors (1988)

This article describes a digital implementation of a velcomp (velocity compensation) and automatic gain control (AGC) system contained in a new component time base corrector design. Techniques of correcting amplitude and phase errors in the demodulated chroma signal through coordinate transformations are developed, and linear interpolation of the correction values calculated for each burst sample through incremental addition is explained. The design tradeoffs and implementation are discussed. Improvements in the playback chroma signal of ¾-in. VCRs, particularly those with track-following heads, are shown.
Usage-Based PageRank for Web Personalization (2006)

Recommendation algorithms aim at proposing "next" pages to a user based on her current visit and the past users' navigational patterns. In the vast majority of related algorithms, only the usage data are used to produce recommendations, whereas the structural properties of the Web graph are ignored. We claim that taking also into account the Web structure and using link analysis algorithms ameliorates the quality of recommendations. In this paper we present UPR, a novel personalization algorithm which combines usage data and link analysis techniques for ranking and recommending Web pages to the end user. Using the Web site's structure and its usage data we produce personalized navigational graph synopsis (prNG) to be used for applying UPR and produce personalized recommendations. Experimental results show that the accuracy of the recommendations is superior to pure usage-based approaches.
Memory Impedance in TiO2 based Metal-Insulator-Metal Devices (2014)

Large attention has recently been given to a novel technology named memristor, for having the potential of becoming the new electronic device standard. Yet, its manifestation as the fourth missing element is rather controversial among scientists. Here we demonstrate that TiO2-based metal-insulator-metal devices are more than just a memory-resistor. They possess resistive, capacitive and inductive components that can concurrently be programmed; essentially exhibiting a convolution of memristive, memcapacitive and meminductive effects. We show how non-zero crossing current-voltage hysteresis loops can appear and we experimentally demonstrate their frequency response as memcapacitive and meminductive effects become dominant.
T0901317 is a potent PXR ligand: Implications for the biology ascribed to LXR (2007)

The liver X receptors (LXRalpha and beta) are nuclear receptors that coordinate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Insight into the physiologic roles of the LXRs has been greatly facilitated by the discovery of potent synthetic agonists. Here we show that one of these compounds, T0901317, is also a high-affinity ligand for the xenobiotic receptor pregnane X receptor (PXR). T0901317 binds and activates PXR with the same nanomolar potency with which it stimulates LXR activity. T0901317 induces expression not only of LXR target genes, but also of PXR target genes in cells and animals, including the scavenger receptor CD36, a property not shared by more specific LXR ligands, such as GW3965. Activation of PXR targets may explain why T0901317 induces dramatic liver steatosis, while GW3965 has a milder effect. These results suggest that many of the biological activities heretofore associated with LXR activation may be mediated by PXR, not LXR. Since T0901317 has been widely used in animals to study LXR function, the in vivo effects of this compound ascribed to LXR activation should be re-examined.
Télomères, télomérase et cancer (1997)

Constituant les extremites de nos chromosomes, les telomeres sont des structures nucleoproteiques specialisees, dont la taille serait predictive du pouvoir de replication des cellules. La telomerase, enzyme qui synthetise l’ADN telomerique, semble avoir un role cle dans le processus d’immortalisation cellulaire. Les methodes de dosage de cette enzyme, devenues reproductibles et semi-quantitatives, ont permis de montrer que la majorite des cancers, contrairement aux tissus somatiques, possede une activite telomerase. L’etude de la regulation de la taille des telomeres et de l’activite telomerase permet de rapprocher deux domaines de recherche differents : la senescence et le cancer. Les perspectives diagnostiques, pronostiques et therapeutiques liees a l’etude de l’activite telomerase sont presentees dans cet article.