gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Newly Discovered and Characterized Antivirulence Compounds Inhibit Bacterial Mono-ADP-Ribosyltransferase Toxins (2010)

The mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase toxins are bacterial virulence factors that contribute to many disease states in plants, animals, and humans. These toxins function as enzymes that target various host proteins and covalently attach an ADP-ribose moiety that alters target protein function. We tested compounds from a virtual screen of commercially available compounds combined with a directed poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor library and found several compounds that bind tightly and inhibit toxins from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio cholerae. The most efficacious compounds completely protected human lung epithelial cells against the cytotoxicity of these bacterial virulence factors. Moreover, we determined high-resolution crystal structures of the best inhibitors in complex with cholix toxin to reveal important criteria for inhibitor binding and mechanism of action. These results provide new insight into development of antivirulence compounds for treating many bacterial diseases.
Banned for life! (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTBanned for life!Harry ElstonHarry ElstonMore by Harry ElstonCite this: Chem. Health Saf. 2001, 8, 2, 3Publication Date (Web):March 1, 2001Publication History Published online1 March 2001Published inissue 1 March 2001https://doi.org/10.1016/S1074-9098(00)00206-9Copyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (76 KB) Get e-Alerts
Double random phase encoding using phase reservation and compression (2014)

In recent years, various studies have been conducted to illustrate the vulnerability of double random phase encoding (DRPE). In this paper, we propose a novel method via phase reservation and compression to enhance DRPE security. Only a compressed phase distribution is available in the CCD plane, and the amplitude component is not available or requested for optical decryption. Since only noise-like distributions can be obtained by using the correct security keys during optical decryption, a nonlinear correlation algorithm is further applied for authenticating the decrypted image. It is demonstrated that valid conditions for attack algorithms are broken and high security can be achieved for the DRPE system.
Rock classification based on resistivity patterns in electrical borehole wall images (2007)

Electrical borehole wall images represent grey-level-coded micro-resistivity measurements at the borehole wall. Different scientific methods have been implemented to transform image data into quantitative log curves. We introduce a pattern recognition technique applying texture analysis, which uses second-order statistics based on studying the occurrence of pixel pairs. We calculate so-called Haralick texture features such as contrast, energy, entropy and homogeneity. The supervised classification method is used for assigning characteristic texture features to different rock classes and assessing the discriminative power of these image features. We use classifiers obtained from training intervals to characterize the entire image data set recovered in ODP hole 1203A. This yields a synthetic lithology profile based on computed texture data. We show that Haralick features accurately classify 89.9% of the training intervals. We obtained misclassification for vesicular basaltic rocks. Hence, further image analysis tools are used to improve the classification reliability. We decompose the 2D image signal by the application of wavelet transformation in order to enhance image objects horizontally, diagonally and vertically. The resulting filtered images are used for further texture analysis. This combined classification based on Haralick features and wavelet transformation improved our classification up to a level of 98%. The application of wavelet transformation increases the consistency between standard logging profiles and texture-derived lithology. Texture analysis of borehole wall images offers the potential to facilitate objective analysis of multiple boreholes with the same lithology.
Fungal arthritis simulating juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. (1982)

Petriellidium boydii is often isolated from maduromycosis but has recently been associated with arthritis. A previously healthy 6-year-old boy developed chronic purulent arthritis of the knee after a bicycle accident. Culture of aspirate grew no pathogens and antibiotic treatment had no effect. Culture of synovial fluid grew P boydii, which responded initially to amphotericin but reappeared after six months. Subsequent treatment with miconazole was stopped after development of haematuria. The fungus was sensitive to ketoconazole, and treatment with this drug cured the infection. With the introduction of ketoconazole it is of practical importance to recognise fungal infections.
Is IP everywhere the way ahead for building automation? (2001)

Conventional wisdom suggests that the complete integration of building automation systems is the final outcome in the evolution of intelligent buildings. Security systems, energy management systems, fire alarm systems are some of the automation systems that are converging to produce a single integrated environment for building automation. These systems can execute global strategies so that the building is able to function in harmony. But one question is starting to emerge from this seemingly inevitable convergence. Is the consolidation of a single building automation protocol actually precluding possibilities for communication beyond the building automation sphere? The organic nature of the modern built environment requires cooperation between organizational activities, means of production and the facility itself. This process of integration cannot be achieved whilst the building operation is seen to be independent from other communication and control systems. Argues that the process of integrating building systems may in fact isolate such systems from a much broader range of information technology systems. Describes the use of embedded Web servers, an area where open integration might be developed. Divergence rather than convergence appears to be the future for building automation systems.
Premeiotic endomitosis produces diploid eggs in the natural clone loach,Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Teleostei: Cobitidae) (2006)

The natural clone loach produces unreduced eggs genetically identical to somatic cells of the mother fish and such diploid eggs normally develop as a clone without genetic contribution of sperm. Following the identification of clonal nature and diploidy of eggs, we conducted cytological studies to determine the mechanisms responsible for this unusual oogenesis. Cytolological observation of full-grown oocytes cultured in vitro revealed that oocytes of both the clone and the control loach underwent two successive meiotic divisions: formation of a bipolar spindle and metaphase in meiosis I and equal segregation of chromosomes, extrusion of the first polar body and the appearance of metaphase of meiosis II. However, spindle size of the clone was larger than that of the control. Bivalent chromosome number of germinal vesicle of oocytes was 25 in the control diploid, whereas 50 in the clone. The results suggest that chromosomes are duplicated by mitosis without cytokinesis before meiosis, i.e. premeiotic endomitosis and then oocytes differentiated from tetraploid oogonia undergo a quasinormal meiosis followed by two successive divisions to produce diploid eggs.
Grundlagen (2001)

Das zweite Kapitel stellt die Grundlagen für die vorliegende Untersuchung bereit. Im ersten Teil des Kapitels nehmen wir die Literaturbestandsaufnahme vor (vgl. Abschnitt 2.1). Hier erfolgt eine Sichtung und Bewertung wesentlicher Forschungsarbeiten zur Thematik des Managements industrieller Dienstleistungen. Im zweiten Teil des Kapitels werden die zentralen theoretischen Bezugspunkte der Arbeit aufgezeigt und erläutert (vgl. Abschnitt 2.2).
Advances in non-coding RNA profiling for neurological diseases (2013)

GENERAL COMMENTARY article Front. Genet., 25 January 2013Sec. RNA Volume 4 - 2013 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2013.00005
Prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) mRNA expression is decreased in Alzheimer's disease (1996)

Recent evidence suggests that the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) is beneficial for therapy or prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The major anti-inflammatory action of NSAIDS is to inhibit prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 (PGHS-2), the first committed enzymatic step for prostaglandin biosynthesis. We have previously shown that PGHS-2 message is induced by Interleukin-1 beta and other inflammatory mediators in primary cultures of rodent astrocytes. To determine whether similar elevations of PGHS-2 occur as part of the gliosis in AD, we quantified PGHS-2 mRNA levels in control and AD brain by Northern hybridization analysis. To our surprise we found that PGHS-2 mRNA levels were reduced threefold in AD neocortex relative to control brain tissue. In contrast, levels were not reduced in putamen, an area that is relatively spared in AD. To localize PGHS-2 mRNA production in control and AD brain, sections of neocortex and hippocampus were hybridized with a 35S-labeled riboprobe for human PGHS-2 followed by immunocytochemistry with antibodies against neuron specific enolase (NSE) or glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Our findings indicate that PGHS-2 message is primarily localized to cells that stain for NSE rather than GFAP. Furthermore, in the three cases we examined, PGHS-2 hybridization per neuron appeared to be reduced in AD. Thus, the decrease we observe in overall PGSH-2 mRNA levels is likely to reflect both the known decline in numbers of neurons in AD as well as a lowered capacity for neuronal synthesis of PGHS-2, perhaps due to dysfunction or a loss of synaptic input.
LAMELLAR BODIES IN SYNOVIOCYTES, MESOTHELIUM AND SPECIFIC EPITHELIA AS POSSIBLE SITE OF AUTO-ANTIGEN IN RHEUMATOID DISEASE (1994)

Intracytoplasmic lamellar organelles identical in ultrastructure to surfactant-containing lamellar bodies found in type II pneumocytes, have been demonstrated in other tissues, in synoviocytes and mesothelial cells, in a distribution pattern which reflects the systemic expression of rheumatoid disease. Antibodies raised against surfactant protein A (SP-A), exhibit a ranking of tissue reactivity in area, intensity and density of cells which also parallels the frequency and degree of pathological involvement characteristic of rheumatoid disease, showing in ascending order of immunopositivity, lacrymal and salivary epithelia, pulmonary parenchyma, mesothelium and synoviocytes. Maximal tissue reactivity to anti-SP-A antibodies was found in the synovium of 55 rheumatoid patients exhibiting classical histopathological appearances of RA, in a pattern of immunostaining identical to that obtained with ML30, an antibody to mycobacterial heat shock protein 65kDa which, in turn, cross-reacted with SP-A in dot blot testing.
Секуляризация и социальная интеграция в сопоставительном аспекте (1992)

Американский социолог анализирует роль и место религии в системе общественных ценностей современного общества в Европе и США. По его мнению, в религиозность все больше становится для людей либо неким хобби, либо дополнительным маркером этнической принадлежности в инонациональном окружении. Одновременно она все больше утрачивает социализационный аспект – функции системы, содержащей вселенские и индивидуальные ценности и объяснения, которые все более переходят к социально ориентированному государству. Делается весьма дискуссионный вывод: секулярность общества тем выше, чем более налажена в нем система социального обеспечения.
Direct-view fiber-optic confocal microscope (1994)

We describe a direct-view confocal microscope system in which a scanning single-mode optical fiber is used both to launch light into the microscope system and to detect the confocal signal. A fiber coupler is used to separate out the confocal signal into a fiber whose tip is scanned in synchronism with the launching fiber. Imaging the tip of this scanning fiber provides the confocal image directly.
Interspecific chloroplast recombination in a <i>Nicotiana</i> somatic hybrid (1985)

Genetic recombination between chloroplasts of two flowering plant species, Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana plumbaginifolia, after somatic cell fusion is described. The parental lines differed in three cytoplasmic genetic markers. The N. tabacum mutant SR1-A15 was streptomycin-resistant, defective in chloroplast greening, and lincomycin-sensitive. The N. plumbaginifolia mutant LR400 was streptomycin-sensitive, normal green, and lincomycin-resistant. Streptomycin-resistant clones in cell culture are identified by their ability to form a green callus on a selective medium. Streptomycin resistance in the SR1-A15 mutant could not be expressed due to defective chloroplasts. Protoplasts of the two species were fused, and calli grown from the fused population were screened for the expression of streptomycin resistance from the SR1-A15 line as the result of interspecific chloroplast recombination. A somatic hybrid, pt14, expressed a new combination of the cytoplasmic genetic markers. In the pt14 chloroplast genome three N. tabacum and four N. plumbaginifolia parent specific restriction sites have been identified, indicating that the pt14 chloroplast genome contains at least six recombination sites.
Enantioselektive Hydrosilylierung von prochiralen 3,4-Dihydro-2H-pyrrol-Derivaten (1985)

Die asymmetrische Synthese von Pyrrolidinen gelingt mit mäßigen ee-Werten durch Rh-katalysierte Hydrosilylierung von Dihydropyrrolen wie 1. Nach acylierender Aufarbeitung der primär entstehenden (⩽64%) Silylamine 2 können die Trifluoracetamide 3 in Ausbeuten zwischen 80 und 90% isoliert werden.
Ribbon vs. loose tube fiber cabling (2006)

In the distribution portion of the passive optical network (PON) for fiber-to-the-premise (FTTP) architectures, the choice of fiber cabling ribbon vs. loose tube - can directly impact ease of installation and future performance. As is usually the case in these networks, specific architectural characteristics and particular applications may dictate the deployment of one type of cable over the other. However, ADC's experience in developing and manufacturing FTTP network equipment has concluded that in most cases, ribbon cable provides a considerable performance advantage over loose tube in the distribution portion of the PON network. This document will focus on fiber density and hybrid design and will discuss in detail the fiber requirements of connectorized distribution.
Ekofisk Nitrogen Injection (1991)

Summary This paper summarizes a study performed to evaluate nitrogen injection in Ekofisk and includes a geological description, measurement of physical properties, model development, mechanistic studies, and cross-sectional nitrogen-injection simulations.
Growth of Oriented Si Film on Quartz from Si<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> by Thermal and Photo-CVD Using a D<sub>2</sub> Lamp (1988)

Polycrystalline Si films have been grown on fused quartz plates at 500–650°C from Si 3 H 8 by thermal CVD and photo-CVD using a D 2 lamp. The thermal and photo-CVD films prepared above 575°C are highly <100 >-oriented but the films at 545 and 560°C are <110 >-oriented. This tendency is more remarkable in the photo-CVD than in the thermal CVD. These orientations change little in depth, but the orientation horizontal to the film plane is random.
20 000 h InGaAs quantum well lasers (1990)

Strained-layer GRINSCH-SQW InGaAs lasers operating CW at 1.01 μm have been CW life tested to over 20 000 h while exhibiting an average degradation rate of 1.3% per kh. These uncoated lasers were life tested at 70 mW (per facet) in constant power mode at a heatsink temperature of 30°C. In addition to their longevity, these lasers exhibited a resistance to sudden failure with an unscreened sample of fifteen lasers experiencing total survival to 10 000 h.
3-dimensional sonographic analysis based on color flow Doppler and gray scale image data: a preliminary report (1992)

This paper presents preliminary results of a technique that permits acquisition and display of three-dimensional (3D) anatomy using data collected from color flow Doppler and gray scale image sonography. 3D sonographic image data were acquired as two-dimensional planar images with commercially available equipment. A translational stage permitted the transducer position and orientation to be determined. Color flow sonographic video image data were digitized into a PC-AT computer along with transducer position and orientation information. Color flow velocity and gray scale data were separated, 3D filtered, and thresholded. A surface rendering program was used to define the vessel blood-lumen interface. Planar slices of arbitrary orientation and volume rendered images were displayed interactively on a graphics workstation. The technique was demonstrated in a lamb kidney in vitro and for the carotid artery at the bifurcation in vivo. Our results demonstrate the potential of 3D sonography as a technique for visualization of anatomy. Color flow data offer direct access to the vascular system, facilitating 3D analysis and display. 3D sonography offers potential advantages over existing diagnostic studies in that it is noninvasive, requires no intravenous contrast material, offers arbitrary plane extraction and review after the patient has completed the examination, and permits vascular anatomy to be visualized clearly via rendered images.
Magnetic Flux Sensor (1965)

A device for measuring complex permeabilities, called a magnetic flux sensor, has been constructed from ferrite. Tests of the sensor which involve the imaginary part of the complex permeability are described in this paper. With a signal-to-null ratio of 2:1, the sensor can detect a change of resistance per unit resistance in metallic samples of 1.1×10−7, an electrical power absorption of 3.4×10−10 W, a radiant flux of 3.1×10−8 W/cm2, and a temperature change of 4.9×10−5°K. Construction of the sensor is also described.
An Evaluation of Liquid Vitamin-Mineral Supplement Technology (1998)

Liquid multivitamin-mineral preparations are gaining popularity among those who believe that liquid (or colloidal) nutrients are better absorbed from a liquid than when ingested in tablets or pills. Critics have argued that this claim is not supported by any studies—but is this really true? This article provides answers to this and other frequently asked questions about these products.
Starvation‐induced programmed death of hybridoma cells: Prevention by amino acid mixtures (1995)

Association of the availability of nutrients with the phenomenon of programmed cell death-apoptosis-was investigated using hybridoma cells cultured in protein-free medium under conditions of starvation, i.e., in RPMl-1640 medium diluted to 50% with saline. Amino acid mixtures, such as MEM essential amino acids or MEM nonessential amino acids were found to prevent starvation death significantly when added to the diluted medium in 1 to 2 mM concentrations, the MEM vitamin mixture was ineffective, and glutamine displayed a moderate growth-supporting effect. The specific monoclonal antibody production rate in cultures supplemented with amino acid mixtures was strikingly low, whereas supplementation with glutamine alone or simultaneously with other amino acids resulted in a specific antibody production rate comparable with the rate observed in undiluted medium. (c) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
<i>In Vitro</i> Synthesis of Polypeptides of Moderately Large Size by Poly(A)‐Containing Messenger RNA from Postmortem Human Brain and Mouse Brain (1983)

Studies were undertaken to optimize the conditions for isolation and in vitro translation of poly(A)-containing mRNA from human postmortem brain. The comparison of several methods for preparation of mRNA from frozen mouse brain indicated that although the yield of mRNA was increased using polysomes prepared in the presence of ribonucleoside vanadyl complexes and subsequently extracted with guanidinium thiocyanate, the translation products were indistinguishable from those synthesized by total cellular RNA directly extracted from tissue with guanidinium thiocyanate. The oligo d(T)-cellulose-purified poly(A)-containing mRNA preparations were translated in vitro in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate in the presence of L-[35S]methionine. Messenger RNA from frozen mouse brain stimulated protein synthesis from 9- to 20-fold over endogenous mRNA. Over 450 polypeptides were reproducibly synthesized and separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE); size classes up to 130,000 daltons were present. Direct extraction of RNA from frozen human cerebral cortex and cerebellum with guanidinium thiocyanate followed by oligo d(T)-cellulose chromatography yielded 1.8 micrograms/g and 2.0 micrograms/g, respectively, of poly(A)-containing mRNA; this represents a two- to fourfold increase over our earlier results. In the rabbit reticulocyte translation system human brain mRNA stimulated protein synthesis nearly threefold over endogenous mRNA. Compared with earlier studies, the number of newly synthesized polypeptides was increased by 30%. Over 300 species were separated by two-dimensional PAGE, and size classes up to 130,000 daltons were present, as compared to 70,000 in an earlier report. The polypeptides synthesized by human cerebral cortex and cerebellum were indistinguishable. However, several appeared to be uniquely human when compared with the products synthesized by mouse brain mRNA. The method described for the preparation of postmortem human brain mRNA eliminates the need to prepare polysomes, which are recovered in variable and low yield from the postmortem human brain. The procedure appears applicable to studies on the synthesis of moderately large human brain polypeptides and for investigations of brain protein polymorphism when relatively large numbers of products are required for analysis.
Une étude pratique de découpes de panneaux de bois (1984)

avec les conditions gnrales d'utilisation (http://www.numdam.