gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<p>Effect of expert-patient teaching on empathy in nursing students: a randomized controlled trial</p> (2019)

<b>Background:</b> Empathy is a relevant clinical competence for nursing students. Involvement of expert patients in nursing education could help students develop their innate capacity to empathize. <b>Objective:</b> To evaluate the effect of expert-patient teaching on empathy development in nursing students. <b>Methods:</b> This randomized controlled trial was conducted among 144 first-year undergraduate nursing students divided into two equal groups. In the experimental group, the educational intervention consisted of a seminar focused on empathy, followed by a presentation on expert-patient function. Subsequently, each student participated in two interactive meetings with nursing teacher and expert patient. At the end, the nursing teacher encouraged students to reflect on this experience. In the control group, students only attended a similar seminar focused on empathy and afterward participated in two interactive meetings with a nursing teacher to reflect on this topic without expert-patient involvement. Before (T0) and after (T1) the training intervention, the Balanced Emotional Empathy Scale, Jefferson Scale of Empathy - Health Professions Student (JSE-HPS), and a short demographic questionnaire were administered to the two student groups to measure their empathy levels. The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of Area Vasta Emilia Nord (protocol 1763, May 11, 2017). Data were statistically analyzed. <b>Results:</b> We found a statistically significant difference between mean scores at T0 and T1 in both scales in the experimental group. Male students, who presented significantly lower levels of empathy at baseline in comparison with females, showed increased in empathy after training on the the Balanced Emotional Empathy Scale in both the experimental and control groups. <b>Conclusion:</b> The present study highlights that involvement of expert patients in teaching is effective in improving empathy levels in both male and female nursing students. Expert-patient teaching can be a promising nursing-education modality for developing empathy.
Factors influencing the minimum arc sustaining electric field and associated current for a high-pressure-vortex-water-wall-arc lamp (2002)

Pulsed high pressure arc lamps are often operated with a small sustaining current during the interpulse period in order to minimize the arc expansion time, to increase the lamps' operating lifetime and to enable operation at higher repetition frequencies. It is common to select a sustaining current level associated with an arc voltage which lies between the maximum DC source voltage and the minimum sustaining voltage. This paper shows that the radius of the arc tube, the amount of convection and radiation and the assumptions regarding the nature of the radiation model strongly influence the current value associated with the minimum sustaining voltage. Pressure and boundary temperature have only a slight effect on the current associated with the minimum sustaining voltage but affect the minimum sustaining voltage. Heat conduction plays the primary role in tubes with a small radius while optically thin radiation plays the primary role in tubes with a large radius. The simulation results were obtained using Patankar's control volume algorithm along with boundary conditions. The extended Ellenbass-Heller equation in cylindrical coordinates was solved. The numerical results for the electric field as a function of current are somewhat smaller than the experimentally derived results. Convection appears to be the reason for this difference.
Laboratory Investigation of Naphthenic Acid Corrosion under Flowing Conditions (2002)

Abstract Processing crude oils with high naphthenic acid contents can cause rapid corrosion of carbon steels in the temperature range 250-400°C, under high flow rate conditions. The corrosion rate is not readily predictable on the basis of chemical analysis of the crudes, although it is well known that the relative naphthenic acid and sulfur concentrations are important parameters. In predicting corrosivity, it is therefore important to measure the corrosion behaviour under controlled flowing conditions in environments that simulate as closely as possible those expected in an oil refinery. A refreshed, pressurised rotating cylinder apparatus has been used to measure the corrosion rates of mild steel specimens in a crude oil, using the weight loss method. This paper presents the results of some measurements that were carried out to examine the repeatability of the test technique and to investigate the effect of exposure time on the rate of corrosion. The tests were carried out in Harding crude oil at 340°C using a rotation speed of 1200 rpm, which corresponds to a pipe velocity of approximately 6 metres per second. The results demonstrate that good repeatability can be obtained for measurements in crude oil. The effect of exposure period on the corrosion rate is discussed and the composition of the surface films is described. Application of the test methodology to assessing the corrosivity of crude oils and fractions is outlined.
Fast IEEE Rounding for Division by Functional Iteration (1996)

A class of high performance division algorithms is functional iteration. Division by functional iteration uses multiplication as the fundamental operator. The main advantage of division by functional iteration is quadratic convergence to the quotient. However, unlike non-restoring division algorithms such as SRT division, functional iteration does not directly provide a final remainder. This makes fast and exact rounding difficult. This paper clarifies the methodology for correct IEEE compliant rounding for quadratically-converging division algorithms. It proposes an extension to previously reported techniques of using extended precision in the computation to reduce the frequency of back multiplications required to obtain the final remainder. Further, a technique applicable to all IEEE rounding modes is presented which replaces the final subtraction for remainder computation with very simple combinational logic. Key Words and Phrases: Division, Goldschmidt&apos;s algorithm, IEEE rounding, Newton-Raphson, variable latency
<i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> δ‐endotoxin binding to brush border membrane vesicles of rice stem borers (2004)

The receptor binding step in the molecular mode of action of five delta-endotoxins (Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1C, Cry2A, and Cry9C) from Bacillus thuringiensis was examined to find toxins with different receptor sites in the midgut of the striped stem borer (SSB) Chilo suppressalis (Walker) and yellow stem borer (YSB) Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Homologous competition assays were used to estimate binding affinities (K(com)) of (125)I-labelled toxins to brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV). The SSB BBMV affinities in decreasing order was: Cry1Ab = Cry1Ac > Cry9C > Cry2A > Cry1C. In YSB, the order of decreasing affinities was: Cry1Ac > Cry1Ab > Cry9C = Cry2A > Cry1C. The number of binding sites (B(max)) estimated by homologous competition binding among the Cry toxins did not affect toxin binding affinity (K(com)) to both insect midgut BBMVs. Results of the heterologous competition binding assays suggest that Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac compete for the same binding sites in SSB and YSB. Other toxins bind with weak (Cry1C, Cry2A) or no affinity (Cry9C) to Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac binding sites in both species. Cry2A had the lowest toxicity to 10-day-old SSB and Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac were the most toxic. Taken together, the results of this study show that Cry1Ab or Cry1Ac could be combined with either Cry1C, Cry2A, or Cry9C for more durable resistance in transgenic rice. Cry1Ab should not be used together with Cry1Ac because a mutation in one receptor site could diminish binding of both toxins.
Reversion of Ras- and Phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing Phospholipase C-mediated Transformation of NIH 3T3 Cells by a Dominant Interfering Mutant of Protein Kinase C λ Is Accompanied by the Loss of Constitutive Nuclear Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Activity (1997)

The transformed phenotype of v-Ras- or Bacillus cereus phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase C (PC-PLC)-expressing NIH 3T3 cells is reverted by expressing a kinase-defective mutant of protein kinase C lambda (lambdaPKC). We report here that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1 and -2 are constitutively activated in v-Ras- and PC-PLC-transformed cells in the absence of added growth factors. Interestingly, the activated ERKs were exclusively localized to the cell nucleus. Consistently, the transactivating potential of the C-terminal domain of Elk-1, which is activated upon ERK-mediated phosphorylation, was strongly induced in serum-starved cells expressing v-Ras or PC-PLC. Reversion of v-Ras- or PC-PLC-induced transformation by expression of dominant negative lambdaPKC abolished the nuclear ERK activation suggesting lambdaPKC as a novel, direct or indirect, activator of mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase in response to activated Ras or elevated levels of phosphatidylcholine-derived diacylglycerol. Transient transfection experiments confirmed that lambdaPKC acts downstream of Ras but upstream of mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase. We found both the v-Ras- and PC-PLC-transformed cells to be insensitive to stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). No detectable receptor level, autophosphorylation, or superinduction of DNA synthesis could be observed in response to treatment with PDGF. Reversion of the transformed cell lines by expression of dominant negative lambdaPKC restored the receptor level and the ability to respond to PDGF in terms of receptor autophosphorylation, ERK activation, and induction of DNA synthesis.
The significance of acid/base properties in drug discovery (2012)

While drug discovery scientists take heed of various guidelines concerning drug-like character, the influence of acid/base properties often remains under-scrutinised. Ionisation constants (pK(a) values) are fundamental to the variability of the biopharmaceutical characteristics of drugs and to underlying parameters such as logD and solubility. pK(a) values affect physicochemical properties such as aqueous solubility, which in turn influences drug formulation approaches. More importantly, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) are profoundly affected by the charge state of compounds under varying pH conditions. Consideration of pK(a) values in conjunction with other molecular properties is of great significance and has the potential to be used to further improve the efficiency of drug discovery. Given the recent low annual output of new drugs from pharmaceutical companies, this review will provide a timely reminder of an important molecular property that influences clinical success.
Erythrocytes number in healthy individuals and anaemia laminar blood flow in the Ulnar vein in both men and women: The analysis of multi-phase heat transfer for medical application (2022)

One of the main blood problems is anaemia. In this blood disease, the major problem is the insufficient number of red blood cells (BCs). Anaemia may affect daily activities and reduce the patient’s ability to do the daily routine. The cause of this problem is carrying less oxygen all over the body. This study investigated the impact of red BCs number on heat transfer (HT) through the Ulnar vein. To simulate non-Newtonian blood flow (BF) in the Ulnar vein, the power-law (PL) viscosity model with different indexes and constant heat flux is exerted to the calculation zone. The finite volume method, SIMPLE scheme, and multi-phase BF are used. The blood pressure drop and the Reynolds number (Re) are directly related, but they have a reverse relationship with the number of red BCs. Also, inadequate red BCs number affects dimensionless (dl) HT numbers in women more than men. The mediocre wall shear stress (SS) increases with enhancement Re and PL indexes. With enhancement PL indexes in all investigated parameters, the calculated parameters increased. An insufficient number of red BCs in anaemia for both men and women cause pressure drop reduction and lower thermal conductivity of BF.
A Thymocyte Factor SATB1 Suppresses Transcription of Stably Integrated Matrix-Attachment Region-Linked Reporter Genes (1997)

SATB1 specifically recognizes and binds to specialized genomic regions with an ATC sequence context with high base-unpairing propensity. Such base-unpairing regions (BURs) are typically identified within nuclear scaffold- or matrix-attachment regions (S/MARs). SATB1 is a homeodomain protein and is predominantly expressed in thymocytes. We obtained BHK cell lines expressing low levels of SATB1 by stable transfection and investigated its effect on stably integrated MAR-linked SV40 enhancer/promoter-driven luciferase reporter genes. For this study, both naturally occurring and synthetic MARs, as well as an AT-rich non-MAR control, were tested. Previous studies demonstrated that MAR sequences augment transcription of the linked reporter luciferase gene. Here, we show that SATB1 dramatically reduces the high levels of MAR-linked luciferase gene transcription. Transcription was virtually abolished for a reporter gene surrounded by two MARs at the 5' and 3' ends of the gene, which otherwise confer the highest level of transcriptional augmentation. On the other hand, SATB1 did not affect expression of an AT-rich non-MAR-linked luciferase gene or of endogenous housekeeping genes. This study shows that SATB1 acts as a strong transcriptional suppressor on a reporter gene linked to MARs when it is stably integrated into chromatin.
Modelling Parkinson's disease in Drosophila: The protective role of molecular chaperones (2003)

Management of anticoagulation in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) undergoing surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), such as cardiac transplantation, represents a difficult clinical problem and no clear management strategy exists. The cases of 2 patients with HIT who underwent cardiac transplantation using differing anticoagulation strategies are presented with a discussion of potential advantages and pitfalls of each approach used.
Identification of human single-chain antibodies with broad reactivity for noroviruses (2014)

Norovirus infections are a common cause of gastroenteritis and new methods to rapidly diagnose norovirus infections are needed. The goal of this study was to identify antibodies that have broad reactivity of binding to various genogroups of norovirus. A human scFv phage display library was used to identify two antibodies, HJT-R3-A9 and HJT-R3-F7, which bind to both genogroups I and II norovirus virus-like particles (VLPs). Mapping experiments indicated that the HJT-R3-A9 clone binds to the S-domain while the HJT-R3-F7 clone binds the P-domain of the VP1 capsid protein. In addition, a family of scFv antibodies was identified by elution of phage libraries from the GII.4 VLP target using a carbohydrate that serves as an attachment factor for norovirus on human cells. These antibodies were also found to recognize both GI and GII VLPs in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) experiments. The HJT-R3-A9, HJT-R3-F7 and scFv antibodies identified with carbohydrate elution were shown to detect antigen from a clinical sample known to contain GII.4 norovirus but not a negative control sample. Finally, phages displaying the HJT-R3-A9 scFv can be used directly to detect both GI.1 and GII.4 norovirus from stool samples, which has the potential to simplify and reduce the cost of diagnostics based on antibody-based ELISA methods.
Analysis of a fused biconical single-mode star coupler (1989)

A new type of star coupler for single-mode optical fibers is proposed. The geometrical configuration of the coupler is intended to be a tapered cylindrical ring structure. A numerical analysis yields the evolution of the light distribution along the coupling region and the spectral characteristics of the coupler. For a star coupler with 8 x 8 ports and a length of 14 mm a spectral width of 90 nm was calculated, if an additional loss of 0.5 dB is tolerated.
Image Registration and Fusion for Multimodal Medical Imaging (2003)

近年,医用画像装置の急速な発展に伴い,画像重ね合わせ技術は,さまざまな分野で応用されている.画像重ね合わせは,その用途,撮像装置などにより,多くの種類が存在する.本稿では,画像重ね合わせの基礎から解説を始め,最近の応用まで言及する.
PV systems based on bifacial modules: Performance simulation vs. design factors (2016)

Simulation of energy gain due to contribution of modules back is discussed in dependence of design factors of the PV system created based on bifacial modules. This energy gain is most influential by two design factors: panel elevation and albedo of underlying surface. Outdoor measurements of bifacial and mono-facial systems in different geographical places allow validating the simulation accuracy. Environmental aspects such as snow are affecting the energy generation of PV systems and can lead to increase of bifacial energy gain. Some additional energy gain may take place due to more effective inverter operation conditions in the bifacial system compared to mono facial one.
Improving Cell-Adhesive Properties of Recombinant <i>Bombyx mori</i> Silk by Incorporation of Collagen or Fibronectin Derived Peptides Produced by Transgenic Silkworms (2007)

Silk of Bombyx mori can be used as various biomaterials. Especially, it is useful as a protein for coating the surface of cell culture plates since the silk possesses a biocompatibility to the cultured cells. However, the cell-adhesive ability is weaker than collagen or fibronectin, which are used for coating the plate more frequently (Yao et al. J. Biochem., 2004, 136, 643-649). To increase the biocompatibility of the silk, we constructed transgenic silkworms, inserting the modified fibroin light-chain genes for making recombinant silks that possessed partial collagen or fibronectin sequences, that is, [GERGDLGPQGIAGQRGVV(GER)3GAS]8GPPGPCCGGG or [TGRGDSPAS]8, respectively. Films were made from the recombinant silks, and the cell-adhesive activity for cultured mammalian cells was observed. The results showed that the two types of recombinant silk films possessed a much higher cell-adhesive activity as compared to the original unmodified silk. Especially, the recombinant silk with the sequence [TGRGDSPAS]8, produced by a transgenic Nd-sD mutant, gave a 6 times higher activity than the original unmodified silk.
Influence of Temperature and Pressure on Asphaltene Flocculation (1984)

Abstract A thermodynamic liquid model has been developed to describe the behavior of asphalt and asphaltenes in reservoir crudes upon changes in pressure, temperature, or composition. Asphaltene solubility properties used as input to the model may be obtained from titration experiments on tank oil. High-pressure flocculation experiments confirm the potential of the model. The model appears to be well applicable to conditions at which asphaltenes are associated with resins. The model may be used to identify field conditions where asphalt or asphaltene precipitation will occur.
Coupled‐fed small‐size PIFA for penta‐band folder‐type mobile phone application (2008)

Abstract A small‐size planar inverted‐F antennas (PIFA) for penta‐band operation in the folder‐type mobile phone is presented. The PIFA occupies a small volume of 2.1 cm 3 only. Instead of using the conventional direct contact feed, the proposed PIFA uses a coupling feed, which allows the antenna in its open state or talk condition to generate a dual‐resonance lower band of bandwidth 300 MHz (780–1080 MHz, 3:1 VSWR or 6‐dB return loss) to cover GSM850/900 operation. In addition, the PIFA can also generate a very wide upper band of bandwidth 925 MHz (1368–2293 MHz) to cover GSM1800/1900/UMTS operation. When the mobile phone is in its close state or standby condition, the obtained lower and upper bands can still cover GSM850/900/1800/1900/UMTS penta‐band operation with impedance matching better than 6:1 VSWR or 3‐dB return loss, which is acceptable for the mobile phone in standby condition for practical applications. Details of the proposed PIFA and the obtained results are presented. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 18–23, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23980
Weissliegendes sandstones: a transition from fluvial-aeolian to shallow-marine sedimentation (Permian of the Fore-Sudetic Monocline). 3. Interpretation in light of heavy-mineral data (1978)

Przejście od sedymentacji kontynentalnej do plytkomorskiej w obrebie bialego spągowca (perm monokliny przedsudeckiej) 3. Interpetacja w oparciu o mineraly ciezkie

Heavy-mineral assemblages in the upper shallow-marine portion of the Weissliegendes sandstones differ from those of the underlying aeolian sandstones in: (1) higher heavy-mineral concentration, (2) enrichment in heavy constituents and, (3) lack of hydraulic equilibrium among the mineral populations. Such differences are explained by concentrating processes which reworked the primary aeolian sands during marine transgression. The nature of concentrating mechanism and heavy mineral provenance, are discussed in detail.
Characterization and Regulation of the <i>gbuA</i> Gene, Encoding Guanidinobutyrase in the Arginine Dehydrogenase Pathway of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> PAO1 (2002)

The arginine dehydrogenase (or oxidase) pathway catabolically converts arginine to succinate via 2-ketoglutarate and 4-guanidinobutyrate (4-GB) with the concomitant formation of CO(2) and urea. Guanidinobutyrase (GBase; EC 3.5.3.7) catalyzes the conversion of 4-guanidinobutyrate to 4-aminobutyrate and urea in this pathway. We investigated the structure and regulation of the gene for GBase (designated gbuA) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and characterized the gbuA product. The gbuA and the adjacent gbuR genes were cloned by functional complementation of a gbuA9005 mutant of strain PAO1 defective in 4-GB utilization. The deduced amino acid sequence of GbuA (319 amino acids; M(r) 34,695) assigned GBase to the arginase/agmatinase family of C-N hydrolases. Purified GbuA was a homotetramer of 140 kDa that catalyzed the specific hydrolysis of 4-GB with K(m) and K(cat) values of 49 mM and 1,012 s(-1,) respectively. The divergent gbuR gene, which shared the intergenic promoter region of 206 bp with gbuA, encoded a putative regulatory protein (297 amino acids; M(r) 33,385) homologous to the LysR family of proteins. Insertional inactivation of gbuR by a gentamicin resistance cassette caused a defect in 4-GB utilization. GBase and gbuA'::'lacZ fusion assays demonstrated that this gbuR mutation abolishes the inducible expression of gbuA by exogenous 4-GB, indicating that GbuR participates in the regulation of this gene. Northern blotting located an inducible promoter for gbuA in the intergenic region, and primer extension localized the transcription start site of this promoter at 40 bp upstream from the initiation codon of gbuA. The gbuRA genes at the genomic map position of 1547000 are unlinked to the 2-ketoarginine utilization gene kauB at 5983000, indicative of at least two separate genetic units involved in the arginine dehydrogenase pathway.
Alkyl derivatized cellulose acetate membranes with enhanced albumin affinity. (1983)

Alkylation techniques have been developed for C16 derivatization of cellulose acetate membranes. High yields of alkylated cellulose acetate were obtained which led to correspondingly high yields in albumin adsorption. Centrifugation improved impurity removal and enhanced albumin binding to the membrane. The affinity of the alkylated membranes for albumin diminished with increasing degrees of alkylation, which we attribute to steric hindrance effects. The results suggest that improved thromboresistance may be obtained by such means for hemodialysis, plasmapheresis and other filtration applications.