gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)-positive parotid incidentaloma: Prevalence and clinical significance (2009)

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of parotid incidentaloma identified by F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET(-CT) scan and the clinical significance associated with this finding. Methods: Records from all patients from January 1, 2005 to August 31, 2007 who had focal intense abnormal F-18 FDG uptake in the parotid glands without a previous history of squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck, lymph node metastasis from an unknown primary in the head and neck region or lymphoma, were reviewed. Results: Of the 5476 PET-CT scans performed in as many patients, focal high-grade parotid F-18 FDG uptake was observed in 18 patients (prevalence of 0.3%). Eight patients (44%) underwent surgery. Four of 8 patients (50%) had benign tumors, 2 (25%) had infectious disease and 1 patient each had metastatic disease from a melanoma and a non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Conclusion: F-18 FDG PET-positive parotid incidentaloma is rare. The prevalence of a PETpositive parotid incidentaloma in our study was 0.3%. Clear-cut focal high-grade abnormal F-18 FDG uptake was seen in benign tumors, infectious and metastatic disease. Keywords: F-18 FDG PET-CT scanning, incidentaloma, parotid gland, prevalence
Locally cotriangular graphs (1981)

A graph G is said to be locally X, where X is any collection of graphs if, for each vertex x in G, the subgraph (x) of all vertices of G adjacent to x is isomorphic to some member of X. In the case that X consists of a single graph X, we say G is locally X instead of locally {X}.
Use of esmolol to prevent hemodynamic changes during intubation in general anesthesia. (1994)

To assess the minimal effective dosage of esmolol to prevent hypertension and tachycardia during laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in fentanyl-pretreated anesthesia, a double-blinded, randomized study was conducted. Two hundred patients undergoing elective, noncardiac surgeries were randomly allocated into four groups: group A received saline, group B esmolol 20 mg, group C esmolol 40 mg and group D esmolol 60 mg intravenously. General anesthesia was induced with 0.1 mg/kg vecuronium, 5 micrograms/kg fentanyl and 0.3 mg/kg etomidate. Heart rates (HR), systolic blood pressures (SBP), mean arterial pressures (MAP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) were recorded before induction, after induction, before intubation, 30 seconds, 1 minute, 2 minutes, 4 minutes, 6 minutes, and 10 minutes after intubation. After intubation HR and SBP increased significantly in group A (86.7 beats/min, 166.6 mmHg) in comparison with groups C (77.6 beats/min, 153.9 mmHg) and D (73.4 beats/min, 153.4 mmHg) (p < 0.05). Tachycardia (HR > 100) was found in 13 of 50(26%) patients in group A, 10 of 50(20%) patients in group B, 7 of 50(14%) patients in group C and 2 of 50(4%) patients in group D. Hypertension (SBP > 180) was found in 18(36%) patients in group A, 19(38%) patients in group B, 9(18%) patients in group C, and 6(12%) patients in group D. When compared with group A, only group D had significantly lower incidence of these adverse events (p < 0.05). In conclusion, fentanyl 5 micrograms/kg could not completely prevent the hemodynamic changes associated with endotracheal intubation, and 60 mg esmolol was observed to have positive effect in helping to control these changes.
Critical Success Factors Leading to Meaningful Industry-Institution Interaction in the Indian Setting (1989)

During the last three decades, India has experienced tremendous growth in the technical education system. At the same time, industrial development has taken place at a very rapid speed covering all types of industries both in the public and private sectors through out the country. Unfortunately both the systems are working in isolation having very little concern for the needs of each other. Only some institutions have interaction with industry that too in conventional areas like training of students and teachers, testing of materials etc. Very few institutions have interaction in the real sense in terms of organisational structure, conducive environment for interaction, accountability and fulfilling the needs of each other. This paper describes the growth of technical education and industrial system in the country, present status of interaction and reasons for low interaction. Based on some successful interaction in the country, an attempt has been made to identify critical factors which can lead to successful and permanent collaboration between institution and industry. This will result in better manpower planning and development and ultimately contributing to national development.
Fluid Shear Stress Regulates the Invasive Potential of Glioma Cells via Modulation of Migratory Activity and Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression (2011)

Fluid shear stress in the tumor microenvironment may explain reduced glioma invasion through modulation of cell motility and MMP levels. The flow-induced migration trends were consistent with reported invasive potentials of implanted gliomas. The models developed for this study imply that flow-modulated motility involves mechanotransduction of fluid shear stress affecting MMP activation and expression. These models should be useful for the continued study of interstitial flow effects on processes that affect tumor progression.
Both SMAD2 and SMAD3 Mediate Activin-Stimulated Expression of the Follicle-Stimulating Hormone β Subunit in Mouse Gonadotrope Cells (2004)

The activins are pleiotropic members of the TGFbeta superfamily. Within the anterior pituitary gland, activins stimulate FSH synthesis in an autocrine/paracrine fashion by stimulating transcription of the FSHbeta subunit gene. Here, the mechanisms mediating this effect were investigated in the murine gonadotrope cell line, LbetaT2. Recombinant activin A and activin B dose- and time-dependently stimulated endogenous FSHbeta mRNA expression. FSHbeta primary transcript and mRNA levels were increased within 30-60 min, but these effects were blocked by preincubation with the transcription inhibitor actinomycin-D, suggesting that the FSHbeta gene is a direct target of the activin signal transduction cascade. In other systems, activin signals are transduced through a heteromeric serine/threonine receptor complex, which includes the signaling activin type IB receptor [activin receptor-like kinase 4 (ALK4)]. Transfection of a constitutively active form of the receptor, ALK4T206D, stimulated FSHbeta mRNA levels. Overexpression of the inhibitory SMAD7 blocked this effect, as well as activin-stimulated FSHbeta transcription. Because SMAD7 functions by preventing access of SMAD2 and SMAD3 to ALK4, these data suggested that both activins and ALK4 require SMAD2 and/or SMAD3 to affect FSHbeta transcription. Consistent with this idea, activin A stimulated SMAD2 and SMAD3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation within 5-10 min in LbetaT2 cells. Transient transfection of SMAD3, but not SMADs 1, 2, 4, 5, or 8, stimulated endogenous FSHbeta mRNA levels. The results of SMAD2 transfection studies were inconclusive, however, because of a persistent failure to overexpress the full-length SMAD2 protein specifically in LbetaT2 cells. To assess more directly roles for both SMAD2 and SMAD3 in activin-stimulated FSHbeta expression, RNA interference was used to decrease endogenous SMAD protein levels in LbetaT2 cells. Activin A- and ALK4T206D-stimulated transcription of the FSHbeta gene were significantly attenuated by the depletion of either SMAD2 or SMAD3. Collectively, these data suggest that activins use both SMAD2- and SMAD3-dependent mechanisms to stimulate FSHbeta transcription in mouse gonadotrope cells.
Effects of Chronic Jet Lag on Tumor Progression in Mice (2004)

Frequent transmeridian flights or predominant work at night can increase cancer risk. Altered circadian rhythms also predict for poor survival in cancer patients, whereas physical destruction of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), the hypothalamic circadian pacemaker, accelerates tumor growth in mice. Here we tested the effect of functional disruption of circadian system on tumor progression in a novel experimental model of chronic jet lag. B6D2F(1) mice were synchronized with 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness or underwent repeat 8-hour advances of the light/dark cycle every 2 days before inoculation of Glasgow osteosarcoma. The 24-hour changes were assessed for plasma corticosterone, clock protein mPER1 expression in the SCN, and mRNA expression of clock genes mPer2 and mRev-erbalpha in liver and tumor. Time series were analyzed by spectral analysis and/or Cosinor. Differences were compared with analysis of variance (ANOVA). The 24-hour rest/activity cycle was ablated, and the rhythms of body temperature, serum corticosterone, and mPER1 protein expression in the SCN were markedly altered in jet-lagged mice as compared with controls (ANOVA, P < 0.001 for corticosterone and P = 0.01 for mPER1). Tumor grew faster in the jet-lagged animals as compared with controls (ANOVA, P < 0.001), whereas exposure to constant light or darkness had no effect (ANOVA, P = 0.66 and P = 0.8, respectively). The expression of mPer2 and mRev-erbalpha mRNAs in controls showed significant circadian rhythms in the liver (P = 0.006 and P = 0.003, respectively, Cosinor) and in the tumor (P = 0.04 and P < 0.001). Both rhythms were suppressed in the liver (P = 0.2 and P = 0.1, respectively, Cosinor) and in the tumor (P = 0.5) of jet-lagged mice. Altered environmental conditions can disrupt circadian clock molecular coordination in peripheral organs including tumors and play a significant role in malignant progression.
Wildlife sequences of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) identify critical species variants for fibrillization (2015)

Amyloid can be detected in the islets of Langerhans in a majority of type 2 diabetic patients. These deposits have been associated with β-cell death, thereby furthering diabetes progression. Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) amyloidogenicity is quite variable among animal species, and studying this variability could further our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the aggregation process. Thus, the general aim of this study was to identify IAPP isoforms in different animal species and characterize their propensity to form fibrillar aggregates. A library of 23 peptides (fragment 8-32) was designed to study the amyloid formation using in silico analysis and in vitro assays. Amyloid formation was impeded when the NFLVH motif found in segment 8-20 was substituted by DFLGR or KFLIR segments. A 29P, 14K and 18R substitution were often present in non-amyloidogenic sequences. Non-amyloidogenic sequences were obtained from Leontopithecus rosalia, Tursiops truncatus and Vicugna pacos. Fragment peptides from 34 species were amyloidogenic. To conclude, this project advances our knowledge on the comparative pathogenesis of amyloidosis in type II diabetes. It is conceivable that the additional information gained may help point towards new therapeutic strategies for diabetes patients.
Compensation - Dynamic Charging and Billing Relationships in Next-Generation Business Environments (2007)

Networks are becoming more dynamic, not only as a result of mobility, but also due to service requirements, business aspects, and other reasons. This dynamicity will also reflect on charging and billing, requiring a fresh look at charging and billing from both the business side and the technical side. This paper presents the concepts and mechanisms for dynamic charging and billing in ambient networks, and in general for next-generation business environments.
Unsymmetrical Tetraalkylmethanes. IV.<sup>1</sup> General Method of Synthesis of Tetraalkylmethanes (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUnsymmetrical Tetraalkylmethanes. IV.1 General Method of Synthesis of TetraalkylmethanesNORMAN RABJOHN, L. V. PHILLIPS, and R. J. DeFEOCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1959, 24, 12, 1964–1969Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01094a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01094a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Baseline Susceptibility of the Corn Earworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to the Cry1Ab Toxin from <I>Bacillus thuringiensis</I> (2000)

Susceptibility to Cry1Ab toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was determined for 12 field populations of neonate corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), from the United States. Earworm larvae were exposed to artificial diet treated with increasing Bt concentrations, and mortality and growth inhibition were evaluated after 7 d. The range of variation in Bt susceptibility indicated by growth inhibition was very similar to that indicated by mortality. Although interpopulation variation in susceptibility to both proteins was observed, the magnitude of the differences was small (less than or equal to fivefold). These results suggest that the observed susceptibility differences reflect natural variation in Bt susceptibility among corn earworm populations rather than variation caused by prior exposure to selection pressures. Therefore, corn earworms apparently are susceptible to Bt toxins across most of their geographic range.
Studies on Mesogenic Disc-like Molecules III. Heat Capacity of Benzene-hexa-<i>n</i>-octanoate from 13 to 393 K (1982)

Abstract The heat capacity of benzene-hexa-n-octanoate, C6(OCOC7H15)6, with a purity of 99.77 mole per cent has been measured with an adiabatic-type calorimeter in the range from 13 to 393 K. Three phase transitions were found at 301.89 (Phase II → I), 355.10 (Phase I → columnar mesophase) and 357.09 K (columnar mesophase → isotropic liquid). The enthalpy and entropy of these transitions were 48.96 kJ mol−1/164.01 J K−1 mol−1, 46.07/129.81 and 19.22/53.77, respectively. The infrared spectra recorded in the range 4000−30 cm−1 showed a drastic change between the two crystalline phases. The spectra of the mesophase were substantially the same as those of the isotropic liquid. As in the case of C6(OCOC6H13)6, the heat capacity of the mesophase was much smaller than those of the adjacent crystalline and isotropic liquid phases. This compound also acquired a large amount of transition entropy due to conformational melting of the paraffinic moieties in the solid state. The flexible paraffinic moieties play an important role for the appearance of the columnar mesophase.
<i>Purkinje cell degeneration</i> ( <i>pcd</i> ) Phenotypes Caused by Mutations in the Axotomy-Induced Gene, <i>Nna1</i> (2002)

The classical recessive mouse mutant, Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd), exhibits adult-onset degeneration of cerebellar Purkinje neurons, retinal photoreceptors, olfactory bulb mitral neurons, and selected thalamic neurons, and has defective spermatogenesis. Here we identify Nna1 as the gene mutated in the original pcd and two additional pcd alleles (pcd2J and pcd3J). Nna1 encodes a putative nuclear protein containing a zinc carboxypeptidase domain initially identified by its induction in spinal motor neurons during axonal regeneration. The present study suggests an unexpected molecular link between neuronal degeneration and regeneration, and its results have potential implications for neurodegenerative diseases and male infertility.
Synthesis and photolysis of some substituted quinoxaline di-N-oxides (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and photolysis of some substituted quinoxaline di-N-oxidesMakhluf J. Haddadin, Garabed Agopian, and Costas H. IssidoridesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 4, 514–518Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00803a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00803a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views180Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Random Number Generators for Parallel Computers (1997)

Random number generators are used in many applications, from slot machines to simulations of nuclear reactors. For many computational science applications, such as Monte Carlo simulation, it is crucial that the generators have good randomness properties. This is particularly true for large-scale simulations done on high-performance parallel computers. Good random number generators are hard to find, and many widely-used techniques have been shown to be inadequate. Finding high-quality, efficient algorithms for random number generation on parallel computers is even more difficult. Here we present a review of the most commonly-used random number generators for parallel computers, and evaluate each generator based on theoretical knowledge and empirical tests. In conclusion, we provide recommendations for using random number generators on parallel computers. Outline This review is organized as follows: A brief summary of the findings of this review is first presented, giving an overview of the use of parallel random number generators and a list of recommended algorithms. Section 1 is an introduction to random number generators and their use in computer simulations on parallel computers. Section 2 is a summary of the methods used to test and evaluate random number generators, on both sequential and parallel computers. Section 3 gives an overview of the main algorithms used to implement random number generators on sequential computers, provides examples of software implementations of the algorithms, and states any known problems with the algorithms or implementations. Section 4 gives a description of the most common methods used to parallelize the sequential algorithms, provides examples of software implementing these algorithms, and states any known problems ...
A Design of Greenhouse Monitoring &#x00026; Control System Based on ZigBee Wireless Sensor Network (2007)

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the most significant technologies in the 21st century. As an open and global standard for WSN, ZigBee shows advantages on low-cost, low power consumption and self-forming. The current researches of ZigBee wireless sensor network on industrial automation, electronic products, smart buildings and medical care were presented and, as an explorative application of ZigBee wireless sensor network in protected agriculture overcoming the limits of wire connection, its applied design for greenhouse management was proposed by introducing both the hardware and software architectures. The node power consumption was also discussed. Finally, the architecture of ZigBee-based mesh network greenhouse management was indicated.
Noninvasive genotyping fetal Kell blood group (<i>KEL1</i>) using cell‐free fetal DNA in maternal plasma by MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry (2008)

Our results indicated that the MALDI-TOF MS-based SABER has been used successfully for the detection of the fetal KEL1 status with the accuracy of 94%. Further, large-scale study, such as multicenter study, can now be explored for clinical application.
Inhibition and Genetic Ablation of the B7/CD28 T-Cell Costimulation Axis Prevents Experimental Hypertension (2010)

T-cell costimulation via B7 ligands is essential for development of experimental hypertension, and inhibition of this process could have therapeutic benefit in the treatment of this disease.
A Fast Global Flight Path Planning Algorithm Based on Space Circumscription and Sparse Visibility Graph for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (2018)

This paper proposes a new flight path planning algorithm that finds collision-free, optimal/near-optimal and flyable paths for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in three-dimensional (3D) environments with fixed obstacles. The proposed algorithm significantly reduces pathfinding computing time without significantly degrading path lengths by using space circumscription and a sparse visibility graph in the pathfinding process. We devise a novel method by exploiting the information about obstacle geometry to circumscribe the search space in the form of a half cylinder from which a working path for UAV can be computed without sacrificing the guarantees on near-optimality and speed. Furthermore, we generate a sparse visibility graph from the circumscribed space and find the initial path, which is subsequently optimized. The proposed algorithm effectively resolves the efficiency and optimality trade-off by searching the path only from the high priority circumscribed space of a map. The simulation results obtained from various maps, and comparison with the existing methods show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and verify the aforementioned claims.
The New England District (2011)

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Automating Data Analysis and Acquisition Setup in a Silicon Debug Environment (2011)

With the growing size of modern designs and more strict time-to-market constraints, design errors can unavoidably escape pre-silicon verification and reside in silicon prototypes. Due to those errors and faults in the fabrication process, silicon debug has become a necessary step in the digital integrated circuit design flow. Embedded hardware blocks, such as scan chains and trace buffers, provide a means to acquire data of internal signals in real time for debugging. However, the amount of the data is limited compared to pre-silicon debugging. This paper presents an automated software solution to analyze this sparse data to detect suspects of the failure in both the spatial and temporal domain. It also introduces a technique to automate the configuration process for trace-buffer-based hardware in order to acquire helpful information for debugging the failure. The technique takes the hardware constraints into account and identifies alternatives for signals not part of the traceable set so that their values can be restored by implications. The experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed software solution in terms of run-time and resolution.