gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alkalosis- and ATP-induced increases in the diacyglycerol pool in alveolar type II cells are derived from phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol (1994)

Alkalosis and ATP increase surfactant secretion in alveolar type II cells, possibly via non-receptor- and receptor-mediated mechanisms respectively. We compared the effects of these two agonists on phosphatidylinositol (PI) and 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) pools and on phosphatidylcholine (PC) hydrolysis in alveolar type II cells. Alkalosis, caused by transfer of cells from 5% (control) to 0% CO2 in air, and ATP increased the secretion of surfactant compared with the controls. The stimulated secretion was inhibited by staurosporine, a protein kinase C inhibitor. DAG and PI contents of control cells were 50 +/- 1.1 (mean +/- S.E.M., n = 8) and 14 +/-0.8 nmol/mg phospholipid (n = 7) respectively. The DAG content increased by approximately 50 nmol (100%) within 5 s of treatment with both alkalosis and ATP, returned to control levels by 1 min, and increased again at 5 min by approximately 20 nmol. The PI content decreased maximally by approximately 6 nmol (40%) at 5 s and returned to control levels by 30 s with both alkalosis and ATP, but was unchanged thereafter. Mass-balance analysis of net changes in DAG and PI pools suggests that additional sources, possibly PC, must also contribute to the DAG increase. ATP or alkalosis also increased the hydrolysis of PC. The labelling of phosphocholine was increased (approximately 60%) at as early as 5 s and remained elevated at subsequent time points, whereas labelling of choline was higher only with ATP at 50 s and later, suggesting activation of phospholipase C by both agonists, and of phospholipase D by only ATP. Our studies demonstrate that ATP and alkalosis stimulate rapid hydrolysis of inositol and choline phospholipids to increase the DAG mass in type II cells, and that phospholipase C-stimulated PC hydrolysis is the major pathway for DAG formation.
Addressing of LCDs with Poly‐Si TFTs (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Fabrication Steps for Top- and Bottom-Gate Poly-Si TFTs Laser Crystallization by Scanning or Large Area Anneal Lightly Doped Drains for Poly-Si TFTs The Kink Effect and its Suppression Circuits with Poly-Si TFTs
Genotypic Evolution of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Strains in an Outbreak Associated With War Trauma (2008)

The Walter Reed Army Medical Center has experienced an influx of traumatically injured patients either infected or colonized with Acinetobacter baumannii. Using multilocus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and mass spectrometry to genotype isolates, we found an atypical and evolving strain distribution, distinct from those found at nonmilitary hospitals in the United States.
TiO<inf>2</inf> memristor devices (2011)

This paper presents the fabrication technique and results obtained for a titanium oxide based memristor design. A memristor wafer was developed that contains isolated devices as well as small memristor crossbar arrays (36 devices). The current-voltage relationship of the devices shows a memristive switching effect that is more apparent when the devices are negatively biased.
HUMAN RESPONSES TO LEAD IN SPECIAL REFERENCES TO PORPHYRIN METABOLISM IN BONE MARROW ERYTHROID CELLS, AND CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STUDY (1972)

Enzymatic studies on heme biosynthesis in erythroid cells of bone marrows ob-tained from ten lead workers were carried out after the establishment of methods.A remarkable reduction of the activities of δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) dehydrase and heme synthetase, a slight elevation of ALA synthetase activity, and a parallel reduction of 14C-glycine incorporation into heme and globin were observed. Abnor-malities found in hematological examinations and in urinary or erthrocyte porphyrin metabolism were discussed in connection with both the above mentioned results and the human response to lead.Clinical and laboratory examinations on these workers revealed a commonly exist-ing hypertension, ECG abnormalities, reduced renal functions, especially those of renal blood circulation and of renal tubules, EMG abnormalities, a reduced conduction velo-city of long nerves, and elevated concentrations of urea-N and uric acid in serum. The pathogenesis of these findings were also discussed.
A high resolution probe for scanning electrostatic potential profiles across surfaces (1973)

An electrostatic probe with spatial resolution of 50 mu m has been developed to study the potential variation along a surface. A turntable arrangement enables surfaces to be scanned at rates of 1.8-16 m s-1; the probe yields a precision of 20 mV for a single pass. Calibration of the instrument using a test grating is described. A study of clean metal surfaces contaminated by fingerprints has shown surface potential variations as large as 400 mV.
Effect of oxygen stoichiometry on properties of La0.815Sr0.185MnO3+d (2000)

The effect of oxygen stoichiometry on properties of La0.815Sr0.185MnO3+d was studied for samples with oxygen content controlled by quenching from high temperatures (700–1400 °C) in air, cooling under low oxygen partial pressure, and annealing at high oxygen pressure. The oxygen content determined from thermogravimetric analysis was found to vary within a range of 3.00–3.10. At room temperature the lattice parameters of the rhombohedral structure (R3̄c) decrease linearly with increasing oxygen content. The rhombohedral-orthorhombic structural transition temperature decreases abruptly with increasing oxygen content while the Curie temperature increases with increasing oxygen content, reaching a maximum at d∼0.04, and then decreases. The saturation magnetization decreases linearly with increasing oxygen content indicating increasing Mn4+ concentration, i.e., hole doping by cation vacancies. Finally the magnetoresistance effect decreases with increasing d.
Eph Receptors and Ephrin Signaling Pathways: A Role in Bone Homeostasis (2008)

The maintenance of bone homeostasis is tightly controlled, and largely dependent upon cellular communication between osteoclasts and osteoblasts, and the coupling of bone resorption to bone formation. This tight coupling is essential for the correct function and maintenance of the skeletal system, repairing microscopic skeletal damage and replacing aged bone. A range of pathologic diseases, including osteoporosis and cancer-induced bone disease, disrupt this coupling and cause subsequent alterations in bone homeostasis. Eph receptors and their associated ligands, ephrins, play critical roles in a number of cellular processes including immune regulation, neuronal development and cancer metastasis. Eph receptors are also expressed by cells found within the bone marrow microenvironment, including osteoclasts and osteoblasts, and there is increasing evidence to implicate this family of receptors in the control of normal and pathological bone remodeling.
Planned external fixation to locked intramedullary nailing conversion for open fractures of shaft of femur and tibia. (2005)

Immediate external fixation followed by early closed interlocking nailing is a safe and effective treatment for open fractures of shaft of femur and tibia.
Personalized mobile application discovery (2014)

With the dramatic growing of mobile application markets, users can find apps with any function they desire in these markets. However, the huge amounts of apps make it quite a challenge for users to discover good applications efficiently. Previous studies recommend applications based on the download history, user ratings or app usage records. Most of these studies fail to capture users' personal interests in mobile applications precisely. In this paper, we leverage apps as features for describing user's personal interests and propose a novel approach to do personalized recommendation. We introduce a Small-Crowd model to distinguish apps at reflecting users' personal interests, and design a weighting method to rank the installed apps for users by combining the global download information with fine-grained app usage records. The extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of our approach which outperforms state-of-the-art method.
Electrical and optical properties of lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate thin films by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering (2006)

( Pb , La ) ( Zr , Ti ) O 3 (PLZT) thin films were grown on Pt∕Ti∕SiO2∕Si and fused quartz substrates by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering at 650°C. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the PLZT films are polycrystalline with (100)-preferential orientation. The Al/PLZT/Pt capacitors have been fabricated and show good ferroelectric properties with the remanent polarization of 24.3μC∕cm2 and coercive field of 142kV∕cm. The leakage current density is only about 0.86×10−7A∕cm2 at 200kV∕cm. The energy gap Eg of the films is estimated to be about 3.54eV by optical transmittance measurements. Their fundamental optical constants are obtained by a Filmetrics F20 reflectance spectrometer (F20). These results show that the PLZT ferroelectric thin films are promising materials for optoelectronic devices.
Offset-Canceling Single-Ended Sensing Scheme With One-Bit-Line Precharge Architecture for Resistive Nonvolatile Memory in 65-nm CMOS (2019)

In the design of nonvolatile memory (NVM), the sensing scheme (SS) has become a read-energy bottleneck because the required read-cell current is too large to satisfy a target read yield. This problem is further aggravated by technology scaling because increased process variation and reduced supply voltage (VDD) require more current to satisfy the target read yield. This paper proposes an offset-canceling single-ended SS (OCSE-SS) with one-bit-line precharge architecture (1BLPA) that is intended for use in ultralow power NVM applications. The test chip is fabricated using 65-nm process technology, and the measurement results show that the read energy per bit of the OCSE-SS is 1/3 compared to that of the conventional SS (Conv-SS). The read energy reduction comes from the singleended sensing, offset cancellation, and 1BLPA features. Moreover, when a resistance difference between the data and reference cells is as small as 0.5 kQ, the OCSE-SS reads successfully with a VDD of 1.0 V and a sensing time (tSEN) of 17 ns due to the offset cancellation characteristic, whereas the Conv-SS fails regardless of VDD and tSEN values.
A hybrid system for well test analysis (2002)

Petroleum well test analysis is a tool for estimating the average properties of the reservoir rock. It is a classic example of an inverse problem. Visual examination of the pressure response of the reservoir to an induced flow rate change at a well allows the experienced analyst to determine the most appropriate model from a library of generalized analytical solutions. Rock properties are determined by finding the model parameters that best fit the observed data. This paper describes a framework for hybrid network to assist the analyst in selecting the appropriate model and determining the solution. The hybrid network design offers significant advantages by reducing training time and allowing incorporation of both symbolic and numeric data. The network structure is described and the advantages and disadvantages compared to previous approaches are discussed.
Development of inositol-based antagonists for the<scp>d</scp>-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (2010)

The syntheses of four D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP(3)) derivatives, incorporating phosphate bioisosteres at the 5-position, are reported. The methyl phosphate ester and sulfate derivatives retain InsP(3) receptor (InsP(3)R) agonist activity; the compounds that possess a methylphosphonate or a carboxymethyl moiety are InsP(3)R antagonists.
Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Multi-Modal Image Restoration and Fusion (2020)

In this paper, we propose a novel deep convolutional neural network to solve the general multi-modal image restoration (MIR) and multi-modal image fusion (MIF) problems. Different from other methods based on deep learning, our network architecture is designed by drawing inspirations from a new proposed multi-modal convolutional sparse coding (MCSC) model. The key feature of the proposed network is that it can automatically split the common information shared among different modalities, from the unique information that belongs to each single modality, and is therefore denoted with CU-Net, i.e., common and unique information splitting network. Specifically, the CU-Net is composed of three modules, i.e., the unique feature extraction module (UFEM), common feature preservation module (CFPM), and image reconstruction module (IRM). The architecture of each module is derived from the corresponding part in the MCSC model, which consists of several learned convolutional sparse coding (LCSC) blocks. Extensive numerical results verify the effectiveness of our method on a variety of MIR and MIF tasks, including RGB guided depth image super-resolution, flash guided non-flash image denoising, multi-focus and multi-exposure image fusion.
Propylene/propane selective mixed matrix membranes with grape-branched MOF/CNT filler (2016)

High propylene/propane separation membranes containing grape-branched MOFs/CNTs as filler with improved MOF dispersion and filler/polymer interface.
A fast mounting method for NAND Flash File System (2011)

With the development of embedded system, NAND flash memory had become a typical storage medium in embedded system. Recent years, there comes a lot of file systems special for flash memory. YAFFS is specially designed for NAND flash. YAFFS use spare area in every page in NAND flash to maintain the file structure, therefore when mount a YAFFS file system should scan entire flash memory device to construct the file structure for every single file. In this paper, we propose a new method by simulating a super block which record space usage of flash saved in a special page to overcome the problem. Test result shows that this method can reduce the mount time by maximum of 30.2% than existing method of YAFFS file system.
ECG Feature Extraction Techniques - A Survey Approach (2010)

ECG Feature Extraction plays a significant role in diagnosing most of the cardiac diseases. One cardiac cycle in an ECG signal consists of the P-QRS-T waves. This feature extraction scheme determines the amplitudes and intervals in the ECG signal for subsequent analysis. The amplitudes and intervals value of P-QRS-T segment determines the functioning of heart of every human. Recently, numerous research and techniques have been developed for analyzing the ECG signal. The proposed schemes were mostly based on Fuzzy Logic Methods, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and other Signal Analysis techniques. All these techniques and algorithms have their advantages and limitations. This proposed paper discusses various techniques and transformations proposed earlier in literature for extracting feature from an ECG signal. In addition this paper also provides a comparative study of various methods proposed by researchers in extracting the feature from ECG signal.
<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>: Collagenolytic Activity and Virulence1 (1984)

Several axenic strains of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Entamoeba histolytica were tested for their capacity to digest native radioactive type I collagen gels and to produce liver abscesses when injected into the liver of newborn hamsters. The results demonstrate that the pathogenic strains of amebas (HM1:IMSS, HM3:IMSS, HM38:IMSS and HK9) have a collagenolytic activity that closely correlates with their in vivo capacity to produce liver lesions. The nonpathogenic isolate (Laredo) did not show collagenolytic activity and failed to produce lesions in the liver of newborn hamsters. The results also demonstrate that type I collagen obtained from rodents and cats is degraded less by amebic collagenase than is bovine collagen, which is similar to human collagen. These findings suggest that species susceptibility to invasive infection may depend, among other factors, on the characteristics of the extracellular components of host tissues.
Quartic-phase-limited grism-based ultrashort pulse shaper (2007)

By replacing the dispersive element in a zero-dispersion pulse shaper with a grism, we have constructed a quartic-phase-limited pulse shaper. We demonstrate compensation of 4500 fs2 without the use of a dynamic element in the pulse shaping line, which is approximately the amount of dispersion induced by a typical multiphoton microscope. We also demonstrate that detuning the pulse shaper to compensate for quadratic phase induces negligible spatial chirp, thereby maintaining a high-quality focal spot for a microscopy setup.
TAN-1120, a new anthracycline with potent angiostatic activity. (1993)

A potent angiogenesis-inhibitory compound TAN-1120 was found to be produced by a Streptomyces species isolated from a soil sample. The producing organism was characterized as a new subspecies of S. triangulatus and named S. triangulatus subsp. angiostaticus subsp. nov. due to its specific ability to produce the compound. This substance was isolated as a red powder by a combination of organic solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC using an ODS column. Its structure was elucidated by chemical reactions and spectral analyses to be a new baumycin-group anthracycline. Reduction of TAN-1120 gave two compounds, a deoxy derivative and baumycin A1. TAN-1120 showed remarkably potent angiostatic activity in two conventional angiogenesis assay systems in vivo, while doxorubicin and daunomycin had far weaker activity. It strongly inhibited proliferation of vascular endothelial cells did not prevent capillary cord formation in vitro by the endothelial cells on extracellular matrix-coated plates. TAN-1120 is one of the most potent angiostatic agents reported.
Wireless Control and Communication to Motor Protection Relays by using an Embedded Microprocessor (2006)

Newelec (Pty) Ltd is a three-phase induction motor protection relay manufacturer. The function of the protection relay is to capture running data, to provide protection, to control a motor and to communicate this data to the SCADA system in a control room. The protection relays are equipped with communication facilities to be used in an instrumentation environment. The ideal cost and time effective solution is to remotely perform these tasks via a reliable wireless network. The purpose of the research was to create a low cost wireless remote link between the remote site and a technician with the capability to communicate with any one of a range of electric motors. It became evident that a node controller with an effective protocol between the protection relay and the node controller and a global system for mobile communications (GSM) link would be able to solve the problem. The node controller provides connectivity for a maximum of 32 protection systems. The function of the node controller is to capture data, to administrate a database of time and date stamped faults and to exchange motor related data via the GSM network to a technician. GSM network is a public network and security in the form of password protection is employed to prevent unauthorized intrusions into the system. The technician is enabled to retrieve and transmit motor related data with a standard cell phone that proved to be very cost effective. The message transfers are done with short message system (SMS's). This system keeps the technician in touch with the remote site, anywhere in South Africa where GSM coverage is provided
[Injuries and foreign bodies of the rectum]. (1990)

Analysis of experience in the treatment of 43 patients with traumas of and foreign bodies in the rectum showed that the mechanism of the trauma and the degree of destruction are criteria of the choice of optimal therapeutic tactics. The authors show that nonoperative treatment is sufficiently adequate in superficial injuries, which account for almost 50% of all traumas. Surgical debridement is absolutely necessary in deep traumas; relieving colostomy is expedient in destruction of the rectal wall. The total mortality rate was 2.8%.
GraphCodeBERT: Pre-training Code Representations with Data Flow (2020)

Pre-trained models for programming language have achieved dramatic empirical improvements on a variety of code-related tasks such as code search, code completion, code summarization, etc. However, existing pre-trained models regard a code snippet as a sequence of tokens, while ignoring the inherent structure of code, which provides crucial code semantics and would enhance the code understanding process. We present GraphCodeBERT, a pre-trained model for programming language that considers the inherent structure of code. Instead of taking syntactic-level structure of code like abstract syntax tree (AST), we use data flow in the pre-training stage, which is a semantic-level structure of code that encodes the relation of "where-the-value-comes-from" between variables. Such a semantic-level structure is neat and does not bring an unnecessarily deep hierarchy of AST, the property of which makes the model more efficient. We develop GraphCodeBERT based on Transformer. In addition to using the task of masked language modeling, we introduce two structure-aware pre-training tasks. One is to predict code structure edges, and the other is to align representations between source code and code structure. We implement the model in an efficient way with a graph-guided masked attention function to incorporate the code structure. We evaluate our model on four tasks, including code search, clone detection, code translation, and code refinement. Results show that code structure and newly introduced pre-training tasks can improve GraphCodeBERT and achieves state-of-the-art performance on the four downstream tasks. We further show that the model prefers structure-level attentions over token-level attentions in the task of code search.
Single-mode electrically pumped GaSb-based VCSELs emitting continuous-wave at 2.4 and 2.6 μm (2009)

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are perfect light sources for spectroscopic applications, where properties such as continuous-wave (cw) operation, single-mode emission, high lifetime and often low power consumption are crucial. For applications such as tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), there is a growing interest in laser devices emitting in the near- to mid-infrared wavelength range, where many environmentally and technologically important gases show strong absorption lines. The (AlGaIn)(AsSb) material system based on GaSb is the material of choice for covering the 2.0–3.3 μm range. In this paper, we report on electrically pumped single-mode VCSELs with emission wavelengths of 2.4 and 2.6 μm, operating cw at room temperature and beyond. By (electro-) thermal tuning, the emission wavelength can be tuned mode-hop free over a range of several nanometers. In addition, low threshold currents of several milliamperes promise mobile application. In the devices, a structured buried tunnel junction with subsequent overgrowth has been used in order to achieve efficient current confinement, reduced optical losses and increased electrical conductivity. Furthermore, strong optical confinement is introduced in the lasers due to laterally differing cavity lengths.