gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intraperitoneal immunotherapy of human ovarian carcinoma with Corynebacterium parvum. (1983)

Corynebacterium parvum has been administered i.p. to 14 patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Two patients had responded completely to cytoreductive surgery and combination chemotherapy prior to immunotherapy, and one patient with residual disease had received only a single course of C. parvum due to i.p. catheter malfunction. Among the 11 patients with residual disease evaluable for response, from three to eight i.p. treatments with C. parvum produced surgically confirmed tumor regression in five patients (45%) with three partial responses and two complete responses of 5 and 12 months duration. All responders had (a) multiple tumor nodules less than 0.5 cm at the initiation of immunotherapy, and (b) severe abdominal pain and fever after C. parvum injection. Overall, 58 courses of immunotherapy were associated with abdominal pain (91%), fever (67%), nausea (52%), vomiting (31%), and hypotension that responded promptly to i.v. infusion of fluids (10%). Use of i.p. cathethers was associated with two episodes each of infection and intraabdominal bleeding. Administration of C. parvum i.p. has augmented the ability of human peritoneal cells to lyse human ovarian carcinoma cell lines in the presence of specific rabbit heteroantiserum. C. parvum administered i.p. has inhibited the growth of human ovarian carcinoma and may prove useful for modulating the activity of human effectors for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.
Intracranial EEG in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (1999)

Intracranial EEG monitoring before epilepsy surgery, while becoming less commonly performed in patients with unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, is still widely used when bilateral independent temporal lobe seizures are suspected or when extratemporal foci cannot be ruled out by noninvasive means. Additionally, many epilepsy centers are reporting excellent surgical outcome in patients with neocortical temporal lobe epilepsy, when resections are guided by intracranial EEG studies. This article reviews the indications, technical aspects, risks, and interpretation of intracranial EEG in patients with temporal lobe seizures. It also considers intracranial EEG features predictive of surgical outcome.
The Role of Organic Additives in the Localized Copper Plating: Flat, Dish, and Domed Shape Copper Bumps (2008)

The central role of the copper in power technologies depends on its electrical conductivity even if also the metal shape and profile are important parameters: in fact many recent applications in MEMS field require copper deposits showing very flat profile. Through the mask copper electrochemical deposition (ECD) has become a suitable technology in order to get copper bumps showing the required geometrical features. Our aim was to find the plating conditions that permit to get extremely flat copper profile, using a commercial bath (CuBath, ATMI), without neglecting the uniformity and the roughness, by means of the Semitool-Equinox. The organic additive range in the plating bath resulted to be the main responsible of the shape of the copper. This research was very useful in plating very flat copper studs having far good within die (WiDU%) and within wafer (WiWU%) uniformity. The results were implemented in different products.
Optical phase conjugation assisted scattering lens: variable focusing and 3D patterning (2016)

Variable light focusing is the ability to flexibly select the focal distance of a lens. This feature presents technical challenges, but is significant for optical interrogation of three-dimensional objects. Numerous lens designs have been proposed to provide flexible light focusing, including zoom, fluid, and liquid-crystal lenses. Although these lenses are useful for macroscale applications, they have limited utility in micron-scale applications due to restricted modulation range and exacting requirements for fabrication and control. Here, we present a holographic focusing method that enables variable light focusing without any physical modification to the lens element. In this method, a scattering layer couples low-angle (transverse wave vector) components into a full angular spectrum, and a digital optical phase conjugation (DOPC) system characterizes and plays back the wavefront that focuses through the scattering layer. We demonstrate micron-scale light focusing and patterning over a wide range of focal distances of 22-51 mm. The interferometric nature of the focusing scheme also enables an aberration-free scattering lens. The proposed method provides a unique variable focusing capability for imaging thick specimens or selective photoactivation of neuronal networks.
HMG CoA reductase inhibitor-induced muscle toxicity: risks, monitoring, and management (PDF) (2002)

Although the commonly used HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are well tolerated and relatively safe, muscle toxicity and rhabdomyolysis can occur with administration and can be severe. This risk is higher with more bioavailable and lipophilic statins. This article summarizes what is known about the etiology of statin-associated muscle toxicity, the risks for each statin, and the current recommendations for monitoring and management.
Elimination of volume anisotropy in tomosynthesis through biorthogonal merging of reconstructions produced from contiguous projections (2001)

This investigation tests the hypothesis that volume anisotropy intrinsic to tomosynthetic reconstructions can be minimized through integration of contiguously sampled orthogonal projections. The basic idea involves the acquisition of data from two orthogonal projection geometries using total disparity angles of 90 degree(s) for each projection series. This allows projections at the angular extremes of one series to correspond to projections produced at opposite angular extremes of the series orthogonal to the first.
Fabrication and Improvement of Lmsc's All-silica RSI (1973)

The LI-1500 and LI-900 all silica RSI materials have made the transition from laboratory to manufacturing operation. Improvements in both quality and reproducibility have been achieved. The LI-1500 material has displayed superior reliability in evaluations conducted at various facilities. The dependable performance of the material is attributed to the adherence to the stringent requirements of the numerous material, process, and product control evaluations and inspection points performed during manufacture.
Transition-Metal-Free Multicomponent Benzannulation Reactions for the Construction of Polysubstituted Benzene Derivatives (2015)

A transition-metal-free multicomponent benzannulation reaction was developed from readily available ketones, nitro-olefins, and diester acetylenedicarboxylate. This approach provides a straightforward and efficient way to construct polysubstituted benzene derivatives under mild conditions in high yields.
Treatment of Toxicodendron Dermatitis (2001)

Toxicodendron dermatitis results from a reaction to an oil soluble oleoresin that is present in many parts of the poison ivy and poison oak plants. Prophylactic measures include avoidance, protective clothing, barrier creams and hyposensitization. Treatments include washing the area immediately with a solvent suitable for lipids and the use of antiinflammatory agents, especially corticosteroids.
Chronic pain induces a paradoxical increase in growth hormone secretion without affecting other hormones related to acute stress in the rat (1992)

In several diseases chronic pain is associated with long-lasting pathophysiological responses which differ strongly from those observed in acute situations. When persisting, acute pain often results in physical and psychological stress which may in turn aggravate the initial pathological state. In the present work we examined the secretory patterns of pituitary hormones related to acute stress (growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL) and beta-endorphin (beta-END)) in rats during the phase of Freund adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA, a model used for chronic pain studies) when chronic pain is maximum (14 and 21 days, postinoculation (PI)). Using radio-immunoassay hormones were measured in plasma samples taken every 30 min for 7 h in free-moving rats 14 and 21 days after Freund adjuvant or vehicle injection and in control animals. The total amount of GH secretion was higher at 14 and 21 days PI in AIA rats as compared to vehicle-treated and control animals, and the pulsatility of GH secretory pattern was not modified by AIA. PRL and beta-END secretion were not significantly different in arthritic rats as compared to controls. These results show that GH, PRL and beta-END responses induced by acute stress are not observed during the AIA phase when chronic pain is maximum. Thus, in our experimental conditions, beta-END and PRL do not seem to be good plasma markers of chronic pain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Automatic Video Classification: A Survey of the Literature (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> There is much video available today. To help viewers find video of interest, work has begun on methods of automatic video classification. In this paper, we survey the video classification literature. We find that features are drawn from three modalities—text, audio, and visual—and that a large variety of combinations of features and classification have been explored. We describe the general features chosen and summarize the research in this area. We conclude with ideas for further research. </para>
The truth about silver. (2004)

Interest in silver as a topical agent in wound healing is undergoing a renaissance. Having basic information regarding silver's chemical properties and potential actions in the wound bed is important to its appropriate clinical use. Such information is also relevant to the interpretation of silver's in vitro antimicrobial (antiseptic) effects, which in turn relate to issues involved in the evaluation of the clinical effects of silver in vivo. Gaining an understanding of the basic science of silver products and the different challenges inherent to in vitro versus in vivo antimicrobial evaluations will allow clinicians to address several key questions inherent when considering the use of silver as a topical antimicrobial: 1) Are there different forms of silver? 2) How does the amount of silver released into the wound environment correlate with clinical benefit? 3) How does the rate of silver release correlate with clinical benefit?
Industrielle Pulverbeschichtung (2003)

Anstoß für die Entwicklung und Anwendung von Pulverlacken waren wie so oft ökologische und ökonomische Erfordernisse der Gesellschaft.In den USA waren es die Rules 66, die erstmals eine Beachtung der Umweltaspekte bei der Lackierung forderten.Später sind ähnliche Regelungen in vielen Industrieländem eingeführt
Genetic and Age Related Models of Neurodegeneration in Mice: Dystrophic Axons (1992)

Dystrophic axons (DA) are non-specific lesions that occur in a wide variety of human and animal diseases. In this paper we describe the distribution of these lesions in three newly discovered mouse neurological mutants. The distribution of DA in these mutants is defined by their names, lumbosacral neuroaxonal dystrophy (lnd), located on Chromosome 7, generalized neuroaxonal dystrophy (gnd) and vestibulomotor degeneration (vmd). The last mutant, which has degeneration as well as DA in lateral vestibular nucleus and vestibulo-spinal tracts, dies in the first weeks of life; the first two live for approximately one year. A previously described mutation, dystonia musculorum (dt), was found to produce generalized DA like gnd, but dt/dt mutants die at an early age. DA were also found to occur in the nuclei gracilis and cuneatus, in the area of Clark's column and in lumbo-sacral spinal cord in aging normal mice either fed ad libitum or at a level of 40% dietary restriction. The dietary regimen had little effect on the numbers of DA observed in susceptible areas of the neuroaxis. The mutant models of neuroaxonal dystrophy may prove useful in studies of the pathophysiology of DA in general and of specific inherited diseases of man, such as infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy and Hallervordin-Spatz disease.
Critical Roles of Tumor Necrosis Factor–Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand in Type 1 Diabetes (2003)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) selectively induces apoptosis of tumor cells but not most normal cells. Its roles in normal nontransformed tissues are not clear. To explore the potential roles of TRAIL in type 1 diabetes, we examined the consequences of TRAIL blockade or TRAIL deficiency in two animal models of autoimmune diabetes. In the first model, NOD mice received an injection of a soluble TRAIL receptor to block TRAIL function. This significantly accelerated the diabetes and increased the degree of autoimmune inflammation in both pancreatic islets and salivary glands. The GAD65-specific immune responses were also significantly enhanced in animals that received the soluble TRAIL receptor. In the second model, we treated normal and TRAIL-deficient C57BL/6 mice with multiple low-dose streptozotocin to induce diabetes. We found that both the incidence and the degree of islet inflammation were significantly enhanced in TRAIL-deficient animals. On the basis of these observations, we conclude that TRAIL deficiency accelerates autoimmune diabetes and enhances autoimmune responses.
MHTP-a multimedia high-speed transport protocol (2003)

In considering transport layer protocols for multimedia applications in high-speed networks, several chacteristics of multimedia applications have to be considered. These characteristics include high-speed transmission capability, real-time constraints, and large bandwidth required by applications, and packet loss of some percentage is acceptable in some multimedia applications. A transport layer protocol for high-speed multimedia applications, namely MHTP (multimedia high-speed transport protocol), is proposed to resolve problems in interworking multimedia systems using high-speed networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The mutation rate and cancer (1996)

The selection of advantageous mutations underlies tumorigenesis. The growth of a tumor is therefore a form of evolution at the somatic level, in which the population is comprised of individual cells within the tumor. Models of tumorigenesis have considered the relative importance of mutation and selection. We show that selection is more important than an increased mutation rate in the growth of a tumor. Some cancers may acquire a "mutator phenotype," probably leading to faster growth, but mutator phenotypes are not necessary for carcinogenesis.
Nonlocal Operators with Applications to Image Processing (2008)

We propose the use of nonlocal operators to define new types of flows and functionals for image processing and elsewhere. A main advantage over classical PDE-based algorithms is the ability to handle better textures and repetitive structures. This topic can be viewed as an extension of spectral graph theory and the diffusion geometry framework to functional analysis and PDE-like evolutions. Some possible applications and numerical examples are given, as is a general framework for approximating Hamilton–Jacobi equations on arbitrary grids in high demensions, e.g., for control theory.
Making Benzotrithiophene a Stronger Electron Donor (2011)

A new member of the benzotrithiophene family, benzo[2,1-b:-3,4-b':5,6-c″]trithiophene (3a), and its alkyl substituted derivatives (3b-e) were synthesized and characterized. Their photophyscial, electrochemical, crystallographic, and self-assembly properties were described. Thin film structures varied widely with the exact nature of the alkyl substitution pattern, with decreasing self-assembly propensity with increasing alkyl chain length. The high HOMO levels and the coplanarity of these molecules show their potential as organic semiconductors and as donor components in donor-acceptor copolymers.
Measurement of plasma lipoproteins by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel. (1977)

Results of densitometric analysis of lipoprotein peaks after electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel and values obtained by the classical method of ultracentrifugation/precipitation correlate well. The correlation coefficients for high-density, low-density, and very-low-density lipoproteins are 0.85, 0.99, and 0.99, respectively. Thus the densitometric method for lipoprotein analysis appears to be suitable for routine clinical application.
Purification and partial characterization of human intracellular B cell growth factor. (1986)

In the present report a protocol for the purification of an intracellular protein, exhibiting BCGF activity has been described. This protein is obtained from lectin stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and has been previously shown to be present only in the cytosolic extract of normal human T-lymphocytes. The isoelectric point (pI) of the purified protein is 6.3, as determined by both sucrose gradient isoelectric focusing and chromatofocusing. The molecular weight of the chromatofocused protein, determined by SDS-PAGE, is 60 kD. Thirty-three percent of the BCGF activity contained in the initial crude extract is recovered as a homogenously purified protein, with an estimated specific activity of 10(5) U/mg.
Excitation of Waveguide by Stripline- and Microstrip-Line-Fed Slots (1986)

This paper presents investigations on coupling between stripline/microstrip line and a rectangular waveguide coupled through a slot in the ground plane which is fixed in the cross-sectional plane of the waveguide. A closed-form expression for the impedance loading on stripline/microstrip line is evaluated from knowledge of the complex power flowing down the rectangular waveguide supporting the dominant mode and discontinuity in the modal voltage in stripline/microstrip line. The reactance cancellation is obtained by terminating the stripline/microstrip tine exciting the slot in a short-circuited stub. The structure under this condition forms a transition between stripline/microstrip line and a waveguide. The design curves on slot length versus frequency are presented for different values of dielectric constants. The variation of coupling as a function of frequency and also the location of the slot is evaluated. Numerical results for slot coupling useful for the design of waveguide simulators are also presented.
National health expenditures projections through 2030. (1992)

If current laws and practices continue, health expenditures in the United States will reach $1.7 trillion by the year 2000, an amount equal to 18.1 percent of the Nation's gross domestic product (GDP). By the year 2030, as America's baby boomers enter their seventies and eighties, health spending will top $16 trillion, or 32 percent of GDP. The projections presented here incorporate the assumptions and conclusions of the Medicare trustees in their 1992 report to Congress on the status of Medicare, and the 1992 President's budget estimates of Medicaid outlays.
Lateral Built‐In Potential of Monolayer MoS<sub>2</sub>–WS<sub>2</sub> In‐Plane Heterostructures by a Shortcut Growth Strategy (2015)

Lateral WS2-MoS2 heterostructures are synthesized by a shortcut one-step growth recipe with low-cost and soluble salts. The 2D spatial distributions of the built-in potential and the related electric field of the lateral WS2-MoS2 heterostructure are quantitatively analyzed by scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy revealing the fundamental attributes of the lateral heterostructure devices.
Research on Shanghai's general growth accounting and green GDP accounting (2006)

According to the theory of economic growth and economic growth accounting models(Barro,1999),we conduct a research on the general economic growth accounting for Shanghai,and in order to analyze the sustainable development problems such as green economic growth accounting,we make a study of the green GDP economic growth accounting models(Asheim,2000).Some important results concerning the calculation research on the economic growth of Shanghai are obtained.Firstly,before implementing reform and opening policy,the achievement of Shanghai's economic growth was mostly supported by the input of capital,human resources and labors.And wage policy ensured the input of human resources because of planned economy,but it failed to cause technological progress.After the reform and opening,the achievement of Shanghai's economic growth was benefited from the technological progress caused by some reasons such as institutional innovation and so on,but interfered by the revenue policy.Secondly,Shanghai's green NNP value is far lower than the GDP value,and the latter is at least 2 to 4 times of the former.The ratio between Shanghai's GDP value and green NNP value was maintained more than 3 times that in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s.In recent years,the ratio reduced to a relatively rational level,being around 2 times between Shanghai's GDP value and green NNP value.This shows that people have awared to pay more attention to the environmental problems and resource wasting problems,and have taken actions to protect environment and reduce resource wasting.Thirdly,at present,we believe that,because of the accounting results of Shanghai's green NNP,green GDP should not be used as a unique index of measuring economic development,but it can be used as an index of measuring the effect on environment and the wasting of resource by economic development as well as a supplement for the GDP index.
The Epigenetic Regulation of SOX9 by miR‐145 in Human Chondrosarcoma (2014)

Chondrosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in the adult population with a high rate of pulmonary metastasis. Chondrosarcoma is managed with surgical excision as the tumors do not respond well to conventional chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Thus, there exists a dire need to develop systemic treatment options to target chondrosarcoma cells for metastatic spread. We hypothesized that the expression of miR-145 is low in chondrosarcoma, leading to decreased transcriptional control of SOX9 (the master regulator of chondrogenesis), and downstream activation of the transcription factor ETV5. We have previously shown that ETV5 activates MMP-2 expression in chondrosarcoma, which in turn increases local bone matrix resorption. In this study, we confirm high expression of SOX9 in human chondrosarcoma using real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. An ETV5 promoter-reporter plasmid was transfected into chondrosarcoma cells to determine if SOX9 directly regulates the expression of ETV5. Co-transfection of the ETV5 promoter-plasmid with SOX9 lentivirus significantly increased the luciferase activity derived from the ETV5 promoter, from which the regulatory relationship between SOX9 and ETV5 is established. MiR-145 was found to be down-regulated in chondrosarcoma cell lines, patient samples, and further confirmed with a public sarcoma database. After stable miR-145 lentiviral transfection, the subsequent mRNA expression levels of SOX9, ETV5, and MMP-2 were significantly decreased in chondrosarcoma cells. The results generated by this study may have important clinical significance in the treatment of patients with chondrosarcoma in that targeted miRNA may have the potential to downregulate the upstream activators of proteases such as MMP-2.