gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
hsp60 and 16S rRNA gene sequence relationships among species of the genus Bacteroides with the finding that Bacteroides suis and Bacteroides tectus are heterotypic synonyms of Bacteroides pyogenes (2010)

hsp60 gene sequences were determined for members of the genus Bacteroides and sequence similarities were compared with those obtained for the 16S rRNA gene. Among the 29 Bacteroides type strains, the mean sequence similarity of the hsp60 gene (84.5 %) was significantly less than that of the 16S rRNA gene (90.7 %), indicating a high discriminatory power of the hsp60 gene. Species of the genus Bacteroides were differentiated well by hsp60 gene sequence analysis, except for Bacteroides pyogenes JCM 6294(T), Bacteroides suis JCM 6292(T) and Bacteroides tectus JCM 10003(T). The hsp60 gene sequence analysis and the levels of DNA-DNA relatedness observed demonstrated that these three type strains are a single species. Consequently, B. suis and B. tectus are heterotypic synonyms of B. pyogenes. This study suggests that the hsp60 gene is an alternative phylogenetic marker for the classification of species of the genus Bacteroides.
A cost effective approach to the investigation of syncope: relative merit of different diagnostic strategies. (1999)

A combination of new technology and selective use of investigations has the potential to raise diagnostic yield without appreciably increasing cost per diagnosis.
Circulating and tissue angiotensin systems. (1987)

Angiotensin has many different actions, most of which relate, either directly or indirectly, to the regulation of blood pressure, fluid, and electrolyte homeostasis (1, 2). In addition to potent vasoconstrictor effects, actions ofangiotensin on vasculature in- clude the stimulation ofprostaglandin release (3), the modulation of angiotensin receptor number (4), and the stimulation of an- giogenesis (5). Angiotensin also has important actions on the central and peripheral nervous systems, the adrenal, kidney, in- testine, and heart (6-1 1). Given these multiple diverse actions of angiotensin, two important questions are (a) which of these actions represent normal physiological events, and (b) whether such actions may assume a pathogenic role. These questions have recently been placed in sharper focus by the clinical ap- plication of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS),' and in particular, the use of converting enzyme inhibitors (CEIs) for the treatment of hypertension. Any attempt to answer these questions requires an accurate concept ofthe RAS. The purpose ofthis review is to discuss new concepts concerning angiotensin production by the circulating RAS, how these relate to angio- tensin production within tissues, and the possible mechanisms by which CEIs lower blood pressure. The study of tissue angio- tensin systems is still at an early stage. In this review I have attempted to synthesize a coherent model of the interaction be- tween the circulating and tissue angiotensin systems, which might assist in the interpretation of new developments in this area.
Etch Trends in Electrochemical Machining with Ultrashort Voltage Pulses (2006)

We present analytical and computational models used to investigate the dependence of etch resolution on pulse duration, tool radius, and etched feature aspect ratio in electrochemical machining with ultrashort voltage pulses. Our results predict that, for the high aspect ratio system in which the effect of trench top and bottom edges can be ignored, the increase of etch resolution with pulse length is a strong function of tool radius, while there is a significant dependence on etch depth for the low aspect ratio system in which the edge effects become important. A detailed analysis of the etch trends is presented.
Robustness and invariance of variable structure systems with multiple inputs (2005)

This paper is devoted to investigating the properties of invariance and robustness of variable structure control systems. Some aspects of the result on the invariance is reviewed. It is stressed that the robustness of variable structure control systems is much more practical. Conditions for the robustness are established and an algorithm for designing a deterministic control for the robustness is described.
Integrated process improvement in designand manufactureusing a systems approach (1996)

The paper describes a soft-systems method for the capture, representation and analysis of process knowledge as a platform for process improvement in capital goods manufacture. It is based on the formative results of some collaborative work, funded by two EPSRC grants, between manufacturing companies, including an MNE and an SME. The paper reports on: the problem addressed by the collaborative programme; the approach taken; the results obtained thus far; and the response of the problem-owners to those results and to the prospects of future work. It proposes specific deliverables based on formative results which may enable strategists in certain manufacturing enterprises to begin to design and implement process improvement programmes based on a system approach. The paper describes a novel form of systemic diagram (systemigram) which is used as the means to capture process understanding. Process models, represented by systemigrams, have proved useful to multifunction teams charged with the responsibility of implementing concurrent engineering philosophies by their companies who are seeking significant reductions in product cycle time.
The End of the Journey (2012)

Throughout the book we have seen how various moral sources influence TEPs. In this chapter I will revisit the meta-theory and offer a generalized overview of the book, thus showing its fruitfulness for the analysis and evaluation of different kinds of TEPs. In the second part of the chapter I return to the three challenges discussed in the first chapter and discuss the possible ways that teacher education can meet them.
Metabolomic Signatures for Drug Response Phenotypes: Pharmacometabolomics Enables Precision Medicine (2015)

The scaling up of data in clinical pharmacology and the merger of systems biology and pharmacology has led to the emergence of a new discipline of Quantitative and Systems Pharmacology (QSP). This new research direction might significantly advance the discovery, development, and clinical use of therapeutic drugs. Research communities from computational biology, systems biology, and biological engineering--working collaboratively with pharmacologists, geneticists, biochemists, and analytical chemists--are creating and modeling large data on drug effects that is transforming our understanding of how these drugs work at a network level. In this review, we highlight developments in a new and rapidly growing field--pharmacometabolomics--in which large biochemical data-capturing effects of genome, gut microbiome, and environment exposures is revealing information about metabotypes and treatment outcomes, and creating metabolic signatures as new potential biomarkers. Pharmacometabolomics informs and complements pharmacogenomics and together they provide building blocks for QSP.
Control of Food Intake (2000)

There are many factors that influence what and how much an individual eats at any one time, as well as the pattern of food intake that is maintained over time and determines body weight and composition. The control of food intake is governed both by internal mechanisms, which regulate hunger and satiety, and external factors which regulate food availability and the desire to eat. This chapter will focus on the internal physiological cues that coordinate to regulate both short-term modulation of meal initiation, meal size, and meal termination, as well as long-term modulation of energy consumption, energy expenditure, and maintenance of body fuel stores. Where possible, emphasis will be placed on mechanisms that are known to govern food intake in humans and nonhuman primates.
Reptation of living polymers: dynamics of entangled polymers in the presence of reversible chain-scission reactions (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReptation of living polymers: dynamics of entangled polymers in the presence of reversible chain-scission reactionsM. E. CatesCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 9, 2289–2296Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00175a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00175a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3991Altmetric-Citations892LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Firms study power plant idea (1980)

Because power-generation technology is proven and the product's market value is stable, medium-size (300-MW) offshore power plants operating on marginal natural gas supplies could be profitable, at least when located less than 60-125 miles from shore. Among the possible floating structures that could support the plant, a transformed tanker is the most attractive choice because its deck can accommodate the equipment needed and no strict load limitations are involved. A recent study performed by Alsthom Atlantique shows that such a plant, even in the North Sea, would be economically feasible and could be delivered in about 2 years.
A Reconfigurable Real-Time Compressive-Sampling Camera for Biological Applications (2011)

Many applications in biology, such as long-term functional imaging of neural and cardiac systems, require continuous high-speed imaging. This is typically not possible, however, using commercially available systems. The frame rate and the recording time of high-speed cameras are limited by the digitization rate and the capacity of on-camera memory. Further restrictions are often imposed by the limited bandwidth of the data link to the host computer. Even if the system bandwidth is not a limiting factor, continuous high-speed acquisition results in very large volumes of data that are difficult to handle, particularly when real-time analysis is required. In response to this issue many cameras allow a predetermined, rectangular region of interest (ROI) to be sampled, however this approach lacks flexibility and is blind to the image region outside of the ROI. We have addressed this problem by building a camera system using a randomly-addressable CMOS sensor. The camera has a low bandwidth, but is able to capture continuous high-speed images of an arbitrarily defined ROI, using most of the available bandwidth, while simultaneously acquiring low-speed, full frame images using the remaining bandwidth. In addition, the camera is able to use the full-frame information to recalculate the positions of targets and update the high-speed ROIs without interrupting acquisition. In this way the camera is capable of imaging moving targets at high-speed while simultaneously imaging the whole frame at a lower speed. We have used this camera system to monitor the heartbeat and blood cell flow of a water flea (Daphnia) at frame rates in excess of 1500 fps.
Transform coding of images using interleaved blocks (1984)

A method of coding images based on interleaved blocks is proposed. These block have irregular outlines with both holes and islands. It is shown that if they are designed by the application of ‘n-cycles’ to a rectangular array, the resulting block shapes interleave perfectly without overlap. Used in transform coding, they substantially reduce the visiblity of block structure at low data rates. Experimental investigations are reported which identified desirable properties of interleaved blocks, in terms of their degree of overlap and interior distribution of pels. The pre-and post-transformations associated with the use of such blocks are easily accomplished by a simple modification of pel addressing routines, this being the only processing overhead incurred. Limited experiments on another form of overlapping block, which merged rather than interleaved with its neighbours, are also reported. These were computationally more involved and tended to magnify interblock contrasts.
Putting a figure on dietary fibre (1985)

Imagine Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norkey arriving at the summit of Everest (29,029 ft) in 1953, only to discover that they were standing on several thousand feet of ice. Imagine the questions that would have followed. Had they climbed the wrong mountain? Could they still legitimately claim to be standing at the highest point on the Earth's surface? How should the heights of mountains be recorded for official purposes?
THE REACTION OF NITRILES WITH HYDRAZOIC ACID: SYNTHESIS OF MONOSUBSTITUTED TETRAZOLES (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE REACTION OF NITRILES WITH HYDRAZOIC ACID: SYNTHESIS OF MONOSUBSTITUTED TETRAZOLESJOSEPH S. MIHINA and ROBERT M. HERBSTCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1950, 15, 5, 1082–1092Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01151a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01151a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1535Altmetric-Citations124LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tunable mid-infrared generation by mixing of near-infrared wavelengths in intersubband quantum wells (2002)

We demonstrate difference frequency generation of 8.66 /spl mu/m to 11.34 /spl mu/m light in intersubband InGaAs-AlAs quantum wells by mixing of 1.92 /spl mu/m/spl plusmn/25 nm and 2.39 /spl mu/m/spl plusmn/39 nm with a peak /spl chi//sup (2)/ of 12/spl plusmn/1 nm/V, 65 times that of GaAs. The intersubband absorption and second harmonic generation /spl chi//sup (2)/ are also measured and compared with theory.
Apparent digestibility coefficients of raw ground, acid and fermented silver hake (<i>Merluccius bilinearis</i>) feedstuffs for mink and an evaluation of the storage stability of the silages (1999)

A 3 × 4 factorial design experiment was conducted to determine digestibility coefficients (DC) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), gross energy (GE) and amino acids (AA) in raw ground silver hake (RGSH), acid (ASHS) and fermented (FSHS) silver hake silages for mink. The ASHS was prepared with the addition of 2.5% (wt:wt) formic acid (85% concentration) and 200 ppm antioxidant (ethoxyquin) to the raw ground fish. The FSHS was produced with the addition of 1% Marisil® (Finn Sugar), 15% extruded wheat and 1% (wt:wt) formic acid (conc. 85%) to the raw ground fish. Twelve mature standard type male mink were confined to metabolism cages during the digestibility trial, which consisted of three experimental periods comprised of a 6-d adjustment period, followed by a 5-d collection period. Based on the total collection (TC) method and with graded levels (0, 15, 30 and 45%) of the test feedstuffs in the experimental diets, nutrient digestibilities in the pure feedstuffs were determined using a mathematical regression technique. The apparent digestibility (AD) of DM, CP, CF and GE were RGSH: 88.4, 93.6, 99.2 and 94.7%; ASHS: 90.6, 85.8, 96.1 and 87.2% and FSHS: 77.7, 84.5, 99.2 and 86.1%, respectively. The AD of all the AAs, except proline, in the RGSH was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that in the ASHS and FSHS. A quality evaluation of the silages was conducted in a completely randomized design with two replications to determine storage stability of the silages, on 10 different sampling days, (3 sampling days for AAs), over the storage period. Quality of the silages was stable up to 90 days for the ASHS and 180 days FSHS based on increases in pH and total volatile nitrogen (TVN) content and decreases in N and AA content. The silver hake feedstuffs would provide a good source of highly digestible nutrients for mink and should be considered as opportunity feeds for these animals. Key words: Apparent digestibility, fish by-products, mink, silage, silage quality, silver hake
The Art of Embedding Tissue for Frozen Section. Part I: A System for Precision Face Down Cryoembedding of Tissues Using Freezing Temperature-Embedding Wells (2003)

This article describes a system used for embedding of tissues for the preparation of frozen sections. This novel system uses simple techniques and apparatus to accomplish face-down embedding in freezing-temperature steel wells. The system is easy to learn and offers many advantages over conventional methods, including speed, high precision and predictability, and reduced tissue wastage. The system is easily adapted in most existing cryostats, uses no additional consumables, and requires minimal maintenance
An 86-106 GHz quasi-integrated low noise Schottky receiver (1993)

An integrated planar receiver has been developed and tested over the 82-112 GHz bandwidth. The quasi-integrated antenna used in the receiver has a high gain, a high Gaussian coupling efficiency and a wide bandwidth. The mixer design consists of a planar GaAs Schottky diode placed at the feed of a dipole probe suspended inside an integrated horn antenna. The diode uses an etched surface channel and a planar air bridge for reduced parasitic capacitance. At 92 GHz, the room temperature antenna-mixer exhibits a double sideband (DBS) conversion loss and noise temperature of 5.5+or-0.5 Db and 770 K+or-50 K, respectively. The measured DSB conversion loss, and noise temperature over a 20-GHz bandwidth (86-106 GHz) remain less than 6.2+or-0.5 dB and 1000 K+or-50 K, respectively. The low cost of fabrication and simplicity of the design makes it ideal for millimeter- and submillimeter-wave receivers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Alkaline Proteinase E of Streptomyces griseus K-11 (1976)

A fifth and new DFP-sensitive alkaline proteinase E, with strong esterase activity toward Ac-(Ala)3-OMe was found in pronase, a protease mixture from St. griseus K-1. Proteinase E was shown to be different from the elastase [EC 3.4.21.11]-like enzyme or subtilisin [EC 3.4.21.14]like enzyme, and alkaline proteinase A, B, and C in pronase. Proteinase E was purified to a state appearing homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Its molecular weight was estimated as 26,600 by gel filtration. It was unstable below pH 5.6. Studies on its actions on acyl-amino acid esters showed that it hydrolyzed the ester bonds of esters of tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, leucine, and alanine in decreasing order of ease.
New pesticide metal complexes for controlled release (1990)

Abstract Six new pesticide metal complexes were synthesised, characterised and evaluated for controlled release by chemical and bioassay methods. Chemical assay and bioassay data demonstrate the increased persistence and increased shelf life of the pesticides upon complexation .
Tumor growth inhibition in patients with prostatic carcinoma treated with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists. (1982)

Ten patients with prostatic carcinoma--six with stage C and four with stage D disease--were treated for 6 weeks to 12 months with agonistic analogues of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH). [D-Trp6]LH-RH was given subcutaneously once daily at a dose of 100 microgram and [D-Ser(But)6]des-GlyNH2(10)-LH-RH ethylamide (HOE 766) was given subcutaneously (50 microgram once daily) or intranasally (500 microgram twice daily). In all patients, mean plasma testosterone levels showed a 75% suppression by the third week of treatment and remained low thereafter. This was followed by a decrease or normalization of plasma acid phosphatase levels by the second month of treatment and a 47% decrease in serum alkaline phosphatase by the 10th week of treatment in all but one patient. In patients with stage C disease presenting with prostatism or urinary outflow obstruction, there was a noticeable clinical improvement. In two such patients, a decrease in the size of the prostate was confirmed by ultrasonography. In patients with stage D disease manifested by diffuse bone metastases, there was relief of bone pain, and in one patient treated for greater than 12 months the improvement was documented by radioisotope bone imaging. It is concluded that superactive agonistic LH-RH analogues hold promise as therapeutic agents in patients with androgen-sensitive prostatic adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, the analogous of LH-RH may be used to assess the responsiveness of patients to surgical castration. Long-term administration of LH-RH analogues could become an alternative to surgical castration and estrogen therapy for the treatment of hormone-dependent prostatic carcinoma.
Radical Rearrangements of 2‐<i>O</i>‐(Diphenoxyphosphoryl)glycosyl Bromides (1993)

Abstract A variety of 2‐deoxy‐1‐ O ‐diphenoxylphosphoryl‐hexopyranoses were generated in situ by a radical 2→1 migration of the phosphate group. The structures of the reactive rearrangement products were fully elucidated by NMR spectroscopy. Rate constants for this new rearrangement were determined fro a variety of substrates.