gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Forward error-correcting code for gigabit fiber optic links</title> (1992)

An error correcting code has been developed for the serial transmission of digital data over a fiber optic link. It is a 96 bit block code, with single bit error correction and double bit error detection. Each block consists of eight 8b/10b coded symbols and sixteen error correction bits. The coded data has a maximum run length of 4, minimum transition density of 25%, and a digital sum variation of +/- 4 bits. A chip set implementing the code has been demonstrated in an experimental link running at 1 Gbit/s (1.5 Gbaud).
Regulation of thyroid hormones on the production of testosterone in rats (1999)

The effects of a thyroidectomy and thyroxine (T4) replacement on the spontaneous and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-stimulated secretion of testosterone and the production of adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) in rat testes were studied. Thyroidectomy decreased the basal levels of plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone, which delayed the maximal response of testosterone to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and hCG in male rats. T4 replacement in thyroparathyroidectomized (Tx) rats restored the concentrations of plasma LH and testosterone to euthyroid levels. Thyroidectomy decreased the basal release of hypothalamic GnRH, pituitary LH, and testicular testosterone as well as the LH response to GnRH and testosterone response to hCG in vitro. T4 replacement in Tx rats restored the in vitro release of GnRH, GnRH-stimulated LH release as well as hCG-stimulated testosterone release. Administration of T4 in vitro restored the release of testosterone by rat testicular interstitial cells (TICs). The increase of testosterone release in response to forskolin and androstenedione was less in TICs from Tx rats than in that from sham Tx rats. Administration of nifedipine in vitro resulted in a decrease of testosterone release by TICs from sham Tx but not from Tx rats. The basal level of cAMP in TICs was decreased by thyroidectomy. The increased accumulation of cAMP in TICs following administration of forskolin was eliminated in Tx rats. T4 replacement in Tx restored the testosterone response to forskolin. But the testosterone response to androstenedione and the cAMP response to forskolin in TICs was not restored by T4 in Tx rats. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of a thyroidectomy on the production of testosterone in rat TICs is in part due to: 1) the decreased basal secretion of pituitary LH and its response to GnRH; 2) the decreased response of TICs to gonadotropin; and 3) the diminished production of cAMP, influx of calcium, and activity of 17β-HSD. T4 may enhance testosterone production by acting directly at the testicular interstitial cells of Tx rats. J. Cell. Biochem. 73:554–562, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Determination of stress from slip data: Faults and folds (1984)

A new technique is derived to invert slickenside data for the stress field that caused the faulting episode. This inversion is simplified by the assumption that the magnitude of the tangential traction on the various fault planes, at the time of rupture, is similar. Study of three normal faulting regimes shows that the inversion derived with this assumption yields results that closely match older inversions that did not include the assumption. Hence the assumption may be valid and is shown to be justified by analyzing a simple fracture criterion. Application of slip data inversions is extended from faulting regimes to the slip on bedding plane faults in folding regimes. Comparison of the inversion results with the geometry of the folds shows this application to be successful, greatly increasing the number of data sets that can be used to find the paleostress field.
Motion gradients for epipolar consistency (2019)

Enforcing geometric consistency of an acquired cone-beam computed tomography scan has been shown to be a promising approach for online geometry calibration and the compensation of rigid patient motion. The approach estimates the motion parameters by solving an optimization problem, where the cost function is the accumulated consistency based on Grangeat’s theorem. In all previous work, this is performed with zero-order optimization methods like the Nelder-Mead algorithm or grid search. We present a derivation of motion gradients enabling the usage of more efficient first-order optimization algorithms for the estimation of rigid patient motion or geometry misalignment. We first present a general formulation of the gradients, and explicitly compute the gradient for the longitudinal patient axis. To verify our results, we compare the presented analytic gradient with a finite difference. In a second experiment we compare the computational demand of the presented gradient with the finite differences. The analytic gradient clearly outperforms the finite differences with a speed up of ~35 %.
A prospective randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with bolus versus continuous infusion of doxorubicin in patients with high-grade extremity soft tissue sarcoma and an analysis of prognostic factors (1991)

A prospective randomized trial was conducted to compare the cardiotoxic and therapeutic effects of doxorubicin (60 mg/m2 every 3 to 4 weeks) administered by bolus or 72-hour continuous infusion as adjuvant chemotherapy in 82 eligible patients after resection of high-grade soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity or superficial trunk. Cardiac toxicity, defined as a 10% or greater decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction as assessed by radionuclide cineangiography, was evaluated in 69 patients. Cardiotoxicity was seen in 61% of patients in the bolus treatment arm with the median doxorubicin dose of 420 mg/m2. Among patients who received continuous infusion, 42% had cardiotoxicity with a median dose of 540 mg/m2. The rate of cardiotoxicity as a function of the cumulative dose of doxorubicin was significantly higher in the bolus treatment arm (P = 0.0017). Two patients in each group had clinical congestive heart failure, with one cardiac death occurring in each. There was a trend toward a lower rate of metastasis (P = 0.19) and a significantly lower rate of death of disease (P = 0.036) for patients treated with the bolus dose. Cox model analysis identified three unfavorable characteristics for the rate of developing a distant metastasis: blood transfusion within 24 hours of operation (P less than 0.00001), tumor deep to the fascia and 5 cm or more in size (P = 0.0043), and a histologic subtype other than liposarcoma (P = 0.0002). The unfavorable effect of continuous infusion was not selected in the model (P = 0.16). Adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with soft tissue sarcoma is investigational. Furthermore, the impact of perioperative blood transfusion merits further study.
THE PRODUCTION OF BACTERICIDAL SUBSTANCES BY AEROBIC SPORULATING BACILLI (1941)

Several species of aerobic sporulating bacilli recently isolated from soil, sewage, manure, and cheese, as well as authentic strains obtained from type culture collections, have been found to exhibit antagonistic activity against unrelated microorganisms. Cultures of these aerobic sporulating bacilli yield an alcohol-soluble, water-insoluble fraction,-tyrothricin,-which is bactericidal for most Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbial species. Two different crystalline products have been separated from tyrothricin. One, which may be called tyrocidine, is bactericidal in vitro for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative species; the other substance, gramicidin, is effective only against Gram-positive microorganisms. In general, tyrocidine behaves like a protoplasmic poison and like other antiseptics, loses much of its activity in the presence of animal tissues. Gramicidin on the contrary exerts a much more subtle physiological effect on the susceptible bacterial cells and, when applied locally at the site of the infection, retains in vivo a striking activity against Gram-positive microorganisms.
A New Framework for Textual Information Mining over Parse Trees (2011)

This paper introduces a new text mining framework using a tree-based Linguistic Query Language, called LQL. The framework generates more than one parse tree for each sentence using a probabilistic parser, and annotates each node of these parse trees with text main-parts information which is set of key terms from the node's branch based on the branch's linguistic structure. Using main-parts-annotated parse trees, the system can efficiently answer individual queries as well as mine the text for a given set of queries. The framework can also support grammatical ambiguity through probabilistic rules and linguistic exceptions.
Vision, Modeling, and Visualization 2000: Proceedings November 22-24, 2000 Saarbrucken, Germany (2000)

This text covers the contributions to the 5th International Fall Workshop Vision, Modeling and Visualization 2000, held at the Max-Planck-Institut fur Informatik, Saarbrucken, Germany. Topics discussed include: multiview-processing; motion and tracking; recognition and localization; digital geometry processing; image based rendering; image sythesis; flow and volume visualization;medical applications; and high dimensional data visualization.
Out-of-step detection algorithm using frequency deviation of voltage (2007)

Protection against transient instability and a consequent out-of-step condition is a major concern for the utility industry. An unstable system may cause serious damage to system elements such as generators and transmission lines, therefore out-of-step detection is essential to operate a system safely. The traditional out-of-step relays detect out-of-step conditions by using distance relays and timers. However, such a relay monitors only apparent impedance which is an indirect function of generator angle, and the relay cannot cope with the out-of-step situation for the more severe instability situation of very fast power swings which can also cause damage to transmission lines if not detected fast enough, as is the case with conventional detection techniques.Digital filters based on discrete Fourier transforms are used to calculate the frequency of a sinusoidal voltage, and then the generator angle is estimated using the deviation of the calculated frequency component of the voltage. The proposed out-of-step detection algorithm is based on the assessment of transient stability using the equal-area criterion. It is verified and tested by using ATP/EMTP MODELS, and the simulation results show that the out-of-step conditions are detected accurately employing the proposed algorithm.
Radar cross section computation and visualization by shooting-and-bouncing ray (SBR) technique (1992)

An effort is being made to develop an analysis model with sophisticated graphic capability for analyzing and visualizing the electromagnetic scattering from a complex radar target. This analytical model uses a hybrid technique of the shooting and bouncing ray (SBR) method and the physical theory of diffraction. Coupled with computer-aided design graphics, the model provides a capability for visualizing, analyzing, and interpreting the complex radar scattering phenomena via dynamic ray-picture displays on a computer graphic terminal. With its sophisticated ability to rapidly conduct visual diagnostic studies of radar scattering sources and multiple reflections from a complex target, the SBR model provides an efficient and cost-effective way of performing many practical RCS (radar cross section) analysis, design, and reduction applications that may not have been feasible in the past. In addition, this method can be used to complement experimental measurements in maintaining the quality assurance of the test data measured.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
In Vivo Suppression of HIV Rebound by Didehydro-Cortistatin A, a “Block-and-Lock” Strategy for HIV-1 Treatment (2017)

HIV-1 Tat activates viral transcription and limited Tat transactivation correlates with latency establishment. We postulated a "block-and-lock" functional cure approach based on properties of the Tat inhibitor didehydro-Cortistatin A (dCA). HIV-1 transcriptional inhibitors could block ongoing viremia during antiretroviral therapy (ART), locking the HIV promoter in persistent latency. We investigated this hypothesis in human CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells isolated from aviremic individuals. Combining dCA with ART accelerates HIV-1 suppression and prevents viral rebound after treatment interruption, even during strong cellular activation. We show that dCA mediates epigenetic silencing by increasing nucleosomal occupancy at Nucleosome-1, restricting RNAPII recruitment to the HIV-1 promoter. The efficacy of dCA was studied in the bone marrow-liver-thymus (BLT) mouse model of HIV latency and persistence. Adding dCA to ART-suppressed mice systemically reduces viral mRNA in tissues. Moreover, dCA significantly delays and reduces viral rebound levels upon treatment interruption. Altogether, this work demonstrates the potential of block-and-lock cure strategies.
Micromobility Support in HIP Survey and Extension of Host Identity Protocol (2006)

The host identity protocol (HIP) is a rather new concept that separates the identity and location information both represented by IP addresses in the current Internet architecture. HIP also has capabilities and efficient extensions to serve macromobility, but it shows unnecessary signaling overhead and handoff latency, when used in micromobility environments. This paper introduces a new method how HIP can be extended to serve as a micromobility protocol
Systematic Identification of Pathways That Couple Cell Growth and Division in Yeast (2002)

Size homeostasis in budding yeast requires that cells grow to a critical size before commitment to division in the late prereplicative growth phase of the cell cycle, an event termed Start. We determined cell size distributions for the complete set of approximately 6000 Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene deletion strains and identified approximately 500 abnormally small (whi) or large (lge) mutants. Genetic analysis revealed a complex network of newly found factors that govern critical cell size at Start, the most potent of which were Sfp1, Sch9, Cdh1, Prs3, and Whi5. Ribosome biogenesis is intimately linked to cell size through Sfp1, a transcription factor that controls the expression of at least 60 genes implicated in ribosome assembly. Cell growth and division appear to be coupled by multiple conserved mechanisms.
Cytokine Profile of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Caused by Pollen, Mite, and Microbial Allergen Sensitization (2017)

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is especially prevalent among the population of large cities. Immunologically, the airway epithelium is a region where the population of allergen-presenting cells concentrates. These cells actively express a group of receptors of the innate immune system. A specific cytokine profile is its representation. The study was aimed at evaluating the cytokine profile in patients with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis. The cytokine profile of nasal secretion and blood serum of 44 patients with AR was studied. 24 of them had seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), and 20 patients suffered from perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR). The patients' age ranged from 4 to 60 years. It was determined in our study that the activation of the GM-CSF production retained in patients with PAR sensitized to mite allergen components (<i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i>). There was a higher production profile of TNF-<i>α</i> and TSLP in nasal secretion in the patients with perennial allergic rhinitis and additional high sensitization to SEs. Sensitization to mold fungal allergen components significantly increases in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. They demonstrated high level of sensitization to the <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> component m3. Thus, along with other clinical trials, the study performed would clarify some aspects of molecular pathogenesis of human allergic rhinitis.
Synthesis of Reactive Nano-Fe/Pd Bimetallic System-Impregnated Activated Carbon for the Simultaneous Adsorption and Dechlorination of PCBs (2008)

Synthesis and use of reactive metal particles have shown significant environmental implications for the remediation of groundwater and sediment contaminated with chlorinated compounds. Herein, we have developed an effective strategy, employing a series of innovative granular activated carbon (GAC) composites incorporated with iron/palladium (Fe/Pd) bimetallic nanoparticles. The physical adsorption of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to GAC and their electrochemical dechlorination by Fe/Pd bimetal on the GAC could be simultaneously achieved. The novel synthesis approaches and targets to achieve in this study are (i) introduction of mesoporous GAC for Fe/Pd bimetal placement, (ii) in situ formation and incorporation of Fe particles in the GAC pores, (iii) modification of Fe surface with a discontinuous layer of noble metal Pd, and (iv) nanoscaling of Fe and Pd particles. Fe was imbedded in 7−40 nm mesoporous GAC via an incipient wetness impregnation method employing Fe(NO3)3. Heat-treated GAC/Fe (as Fe2O3) at 300 °C was reduced to GAC/zerovalent iron (ZVI) using NaBH4 solution, and then Pd was reductively deposited to the ZVI surface from Pd(CH3CO2)2. The resulting GAC/ZVI/Pd had high surface area of 358 m2/g and pore volume of 0.352 cm3/g for PCBs adsorption and 14.4% Fe and 0.68% Pd contents for PCBs dechlorination. The confinement of Fe crystal growth in the mesopores of GAC resulted in small 6−12 nm Fe nanoparticles on which 2−3 nm Pd nanoislands were well-distributed. Fe and Pd particles were mechanically stable (negligible leaching) due to a strong Fe−GAC metal−support interaction during calcination and Fe−Pd corrosion cell formation during Pd deposition. The GAC/ZVI/Pd system exhibited an efficient dechlorination of 2-chlorobiphenyl (2-ClBP) at 90% after 2 days and complete adsorption of 2-ClBP remaining, and the dechlorination product, biphenyl, formed.
SIRT2 Acts as a Cardioprotective Deacetylase in Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy (2017)

SIRT2 promotes AMPK activation by deacetylating the kinase LKB1. Loss of SIRT2 reduces AMPK activation, promotes aging-related and Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, and blunts metformin-mediated cardioprotective effects. These findings indicate that SIRT2 will be a potential target for therapeutic interventions in aging- and stress-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
Wigest: A Ubiquitous Wifi-based Gesture Recognition System (2014)

Motivated by freeing the user from specialized devices and leveraging natural and contextually relevant human movements, gesture recognition systems are becoming popular as a fundamental approach for providing HCI alternatives. Indeed, there is a rising trend in the adoption of gesture recognition systems into various consumer electronics and mobile devices. These systems, along with research enhancing them by exploiting the wide range of sensors available on such devices, generally adopt various techniques for recognizing gestures including computer vision, inertial sensors, ultra-sonic, and infrared. While promising, these techniques experience various limitations such as being tailored for specific applications, sensitivity to lighting, high installation and instrumentation overhead, requiring holding the mobile device, and/or requiring additional sensors to be worn or installed. We present WiGest, a ubiquitous WiFi-based hand gesture recognition system for controlling applications running on off-the-shelf WiFi-equipped devices. WiGest does not require additional sensors, is resilient to changes within the environment, and can operate in non-line-of-sight scenarios. The basic idea is to leverage the effect of the in-air hand motion on the wireless signal strength received by the device from an access point to recognize the performed gesture. As shown in Figure 1, WiGest parses combinations of signal primitives along with other parameters, such as the speed and magnitude of each primitive, to detect various gestures, which can then be mapped to distinguishable application actions. There are several challenges we address WiGest including handling noisy RSSI values due to multipath interference and other electromagnetic noise in the wireless medium; handling gesture variations and their attributes for different humans or the same human at different times; handling interference due to the motion of other people within proximity of the user's device; and finally being energy-efficient to suit mobile devices. To address these challenges, WiGest leverages different signal processing techniques that can preserve signal details while filtering out the noise and variations in the signal. We implement WiGest on off-the-shelf laptops and evaluate frequencies on the RSSI, creating a signal composed of three primitives: rising edge, falling edge, and pause. We evaluate its performance with different users in an apartment and engineering building settings. Various realistic scenarios are tested covering more than 1000 primitive actions and gestures each in the presence of interfering users in the same room as well as other people moving in the same floor during their daily life. Our results show that WiGest can detect the basic primitives with an accuracy of 90% using a single AP for distances reaching 26 ft including through-the-wall non-line-of-sight scenarios. This increases to 96% using three overheard APs, a typical case for many WiFi deployments. When evaluating the system using a multimedia player application case study, we achieve a classification accuracy of 96%.
Crossreactivity of Antibodies Directed against Cardiolipin, DNA, Endothelial Cells and Blood Platelets (1990)

The interrelationship of antibodies directed against cardiolipin (CL), double stranded DNA (dsDNA), endothelial cells (EC) and blood platelets was investigated. IgG fractions, reactive with these antigens, were isolated from the plasmas from 8 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and tested for crossreactivity with anionic phospholipids (CL, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol), zwitterionic phospholipids (phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine), dsDNA, EC and platelets by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and for lupus anticoagulant (LAC) activity with a coagulation assay. Our results demonstrate the frequent occurrence of crossreactivity between antibodies to anionic phospholipids, EC and platelets. Crossreactivities between these antibodies and antibodies to dsDNA or zwitterionic phospholipids are exceptional. LAC activity was found in the anti-CL, anti-EC and anti-platelet fractions of only one patient. These findings support the hypothesis that subpopulations of antibodies directed against negatively charged phospholipids can bind to EC and blood platelets, which may have implications for the pathogenetic potential of antiphospholipid antibodies.
A comparison of CVD stacked gate oxide and thermal gate oxide for 0.5- mu m transistors subjected to process-induced damage (1993)

Process-induced damage of gate oxide or of the Si-SiO/sub 2/ interface may result in device degradation problems such as threshold voltage scatter. The problem is especially pronounced for submicrometer technology. In addition to offering a low area defect density, a thermal/CVD stacked gate oxide decreases process-induced device degradation dramatically as compared with thermal gate oxide. Hot carrier injection stressing and Fowler-Nordheim stressing were performed to investigate the robustness of CVD stacked gate oxide. The effect of densification of the stacked gate oxide on electrical channel length was studied with supporting SEM analysis. An optimal value for the thickness ratio of CVD to thermal oxide for stacked gate dielectric was observed for minimum defect density of 150-AA gate dielectric.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>