gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
증례 : 비전형적 Miller-Fisher 증후군 1례 (2012)

Objectives : This study is designed to investigate the effect of oriental medical therapy on a 10 year old male patient had atypical Miller-Fisher syndrome with ophthalmoplegia and ptosis. Methods : We experienced a case of atypical Miller-Fisher syndrome and treated with acupuncture treatment, electro-acupuncture therapy, herbal medicine. The effect of treatment were evaluated with pictures of palpebra and eyeball movement. Results : After oriental medical treatment, ophthalmoplegia and ptosis was improved. Conclusion : Acupuncture, electro-acupuncture therapy and herbal medication is promising treatment for atypical Miller-Fisher syndrome with ophthalmoplegia and ptosis.
Gambling in Hong Kong (1997)

Hong Kong's success in economic growth is well known. One of the contributing factors could be legalized betting. Even after the transition of sovereignty from Britain to China, it is guaranteed that gambling activities will continue to exist. How active is gambling in Hong Kong? How large is the volume? This article investigates the gambling behavior of the Hong Kong people and tests the life cycle of the gambling business. Findings suggest that the people of Hong Kong have a rational basis for their gambling and that horse racing enjoys a longer life cycle than the lottery.
Two-Component Anti- <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Lantibiotic Activity Produced by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> C55 (1998)

Staphylococcus aureus C55 was shown to produce bacteriocin activity comprising three distinct peptide components, termed staphylococcins C55alpha, C55beta, and C55gamma. The three peptides were purified to homogeneity by a simple four-step purification procedure that consisted of ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by XAD-2 and reversed-phase (C8 and C18) chromatography. The yield following C8 chromatography was about 86%, with a more-than-300-fold increase in specific activity. When combined in approximately equimolar amounts, staphylococcins C55alpha and C55beta acted synergistically to kill S. aureus or Micrococcus luteus but not S. epidermidis strains. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of all three peptides were obtained and staphylococcins C55alpha and C55beta were shown to be lanthionine-containing (lantibiotic) molecules with molecular weights of 3,339 and 2,993, respectively. The C55gamma peptide did not appear to be a lantibiotic, nor did it augment the inhibitory activities of staphylococcin C55alpha and/or C55beta. Plasmids of 2. 5 and 32.0 kb are present in strain C55, and following growth of this strain at elevated temperature (42 degreesC), a large proportion of the progeny failed to produce strong bacteriocin activity and also lost the 32.0-kb plasmid. Protoplast transformation of these bacteria with purified 32-kb plasmid DNA regenerates the ability to produce the strong bacteriocin activity.
An Alternating Frequency/Time Domain Method for Calculating the Steady-State Response of Nonlinear Dynamic Systems (1989)

A method is proposed for analyzing the steady-state response of nonlinear dynamic systems. The method iterates to obtain the discrete Fourier transform of the system response, returning to the time domain at each iteration to take advantage of the ease in evaluating nonlinearities there—rather than analytically describing the nonlinear terms in the frequency domain. The updated estimates of the nonlinear terms are transformed back into the frequency domain in order to continue iterating on the frequency spectrum of the steady-state response. The method is demonstrated by solving a problem with friction damping in which the excitation has multiple discrete frequencies.
Intracranial pressure monitoring: Gold standard and recent innovations (2019)

Intracranial pressure monitoring (ICP) is based on the doctrine proposed by Monroe and Kellie centuries ago. With the advancement of technology and science, various invasive and non-invasive modalities of monitoring ICP continue to be developed. An ideal monitor to track ICP should be easy to use, accurate, reliable, reproducible, inexpensive and should not be associated with infection or haemorrhagic complications. Although the transducers connected to the extra ventricular drainage continue to be Gold Standard, its association with the likelihood of infection and haemorrhage have led to the search for alternate non-invasive methods of monitoring ICP. While Camino transducers, Strain gauge micro transducer based ICP monitoring devices and the Spiegelberg ICP monitor are the emerging technology in invasive ICP monitoring, optic nerve sheath diameter measurement, venous opthalmodynamometry, tympanic membrane displacement, tissue resonance analysis, tonometry, acoustoelasticity, distortion-product oto-acoustic emissions, trans cranial doppler, electro encephalogram, near infra-red spectroscopy, pupillometry, anterior fontanelle pressure monitoring, skull elasticity, jugular bulb monitoring, visual evoked response and radiological based assessment of ICP are the non-invasive methods which are assessed against the gold standard.
Painting with looks (2002)

When we ask the fundamental question "What does a camera measure?", we arrive at the concept of quantimetric imaging, which uses a new quantimetric unit, q, characteristic of a particular camera (e.g. each kind of camera defines its own quantimetric unit q based on its spectral response, etc.). Fluctuations in interframe exposures, along a sequence of images, give rise to a comparametric relationship between successive pairs of images. This allows us to estimate the response function of the camera (to derive the quantimetric unit q) as well as the relative differences in exposure. A new method of video image processing that exploits multiple differently exposed pictures (frames of the video sequence) of overlapping subject matter is thus possible. The method may be used whenever a video camera having automatic exposure captures multiple frames of video with the same subject matter appearing in regions of overlap between at least some of the successive video frames. Since almost all cameras have an automatic exposure feature, typically center weighted, when a light object falls in the center of the frame the exposure is automatically decreased, whereas the exposure is automatically increased when the camera swings around to point at a darker object. Such fluctuations in gain may be used to estimate the camera's response function, to estimate exposure differences, to do quantimetric processing, as well as to obtain images having both extended dynamic range and extended dynamic domain.
Polarization-dependent interfacial coupling modulation of ferroelectric photovoltaic effect in PZT-ZnO heterostructures (2016)

Recently, ferroelectric perovskite oxides have drawn much attention due to potential applications in the field of solar energy conversion. However, the power conversion efficiency of ferroelectric photovoltaic effect currently reported is far below the expectable value. One of the crucial problems lies in the two back-to-back Schottky barriers, which are formed at the ferroelectric-electrode interfaces and blocking most of photo-generated carriers to reach the outside circuit. Herein, we develop a new approach to enhance the ferroelectric photovoltaic effect by introducing the polarization-dependent interfacial coupling effect. Through inserting a semiconductor ZnO layer with spontaneous polarization into the ferroelectric ITO/PZT/Au film, a p-n junction with strong polarization-dependent interfacial coupling effect is formed. The power conversion efficiency of the heterostructure is improved by nearly two orders of magnitude and the polarization modulation ratio is increased about four times. It is demonstrated that the polarization-dependent interfacial coupling effect can give rise to a great change in band structure of the heterostructure, not only producing an aligned internal electric field but also tuning both depletion layer width and potential barrier height at PZT-ZnO interface. This work provides an efficient way in developing highly efficient ferroelectric-based solar cells and novel optoelectronic memory devices.
Studies directed toward the total synthesis of kabiramide C: Asymmetric synthesis of the C1–C19 fragment (1998)

An efficient synthesis of the C1C6 aliphatic fragment 3 and its coupling to the C7C19 fragment 4 of kabiramide C is described. Key transformations include a TiCl4 promoted condensation between aldehyde 5 and crotylsilane (R)-6 and a Barton-McCombie deoxygenation of the homoallylic alcohol 9 to set the stereochemical array.
RNase activity in the capillary blood of children. (1986)

A bichromatic ultramicromethod on paper disks was used to determine the age-dependence of capillary blood RNase activity in healthy infants and young children.
Functional characterization and evolution of the isotuberculosinol operon in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and related Mycobacteria (2012)

Terpenoid metabolites are important to the cellular function, structural integrity, and pathogenesis of the human-specific pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Genetic and biochemical investigations have indicated a role for the diterpenoid isotuberculosinol (isoTb) early in the infection process. There are only two genes (Rv3377c and Rv3378c) required for production of isoTb, yet these are found in what appears to be a five-gene terpenoid/isoprenoid biosynthetic operon. Of the three remaining genes (Rv3379c, Rv3382c, and Rv3383c), previous work has indicated that Rv3379c is an inactive pseudo-gene. Here we demonstrate that Rv3382c and Rv3383c encode biochemically redundant machinery for isoprenoid metabolism, encoding a functional 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase (LytB) for isoprenoid precursor production and a geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) synthase, respectively, for which the Mtb genome contains other functional isozymes (Rv1110 and Rv0562, respectively). These results complete the characterization of the isoTb biosynthetic operon, as well as further elucidating isoprenoid metabolism in Mtb. In addition, we have investigated the evolutionary origin of this operon, revealing Mtb-specific conservation of the diterpene synthase genes responsible for isoTb biosynthesis, which supports our previously advanced hypothesis that isoTb acts as a human-specific pathogenic metabolite and is consistent with the human host specificity of Mtb. Intriguingly, our results revealed that many mycobacteria contain orthologs for both Rv3383c and Rv0562, suggesting a potentially important role for these functionally redundant GGPP synthases in the evolution of terpenoid/isoprenoid metabolism in the mycobacteria.
Some drive train control problems in hybrid i.c engine/battery electric vehicles (1988)

This thesis describes the development of a microprocessor based control system for a parallel hybrid petrol/electric vehicle. All the fundamental systems needed to produce an operational vehicle have been developed and tested using a full sized experimental rig in the laboratory. The work begins with a review of the history of hybrid vehicles, placing emphasis on the ability of the petrol electric design to considerably reduce the consumption of oil based fuels, by transferring some of the load to the broad base of fuels used to generate electricity. Efficient operation of a hybrid depends on the correct scheduling of load between engine and motor, and correct choice of gear ratio. To make this possible torque control systems using indirect measurements provided by cheap sensors, have been developed. Design of the control systems is based on a theoretical analysis of both the engine and the motor. Prior to final controller design, using the pole placement method, the transfer functions arising from the theory are identified using a digital model reference technique. The resulting closed loop systems exhibit well tuned behaviour which agrees well with simulation. To complete the component control structure, a pneumatic actuation system was added to a 'manual gearbox' bringing it under complete computer control. All aspects of component control have been brought together so that an operator can drive the system through simulated cycles. Transitions between modes of operation during a cycle are presently based on speed, but the software is structured so that efficiency based strategies may be readily incorporated in future. Consistent control over cycles has been ensured by the development of a computer speed controller, which takes the place of an operator. This system demonstrates satisfactory transition between all operating modes.
Growth hormone (GH) regulation of a rat serine protease inhibitor fusion gene in cells transfected with GH receptor cDNA (1994)

The mechanism by which GH transmits a signal to the nucleus via its membrane-bound receptor is unknown. To study this process, Buffalo rat liver (BRL), rat hepatoma (FAO), human hepatoma (HepG2) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines were transfected with GH receptor cDNA, and stable clones expressing GH receptor mRNA and protein were selected. From previous in vivo studies it is known that GH regulates the expression of the rat hepatic serine protease inhibitor (SPI) 2.1 gene at the transcriptional level. However, in all the cell lines tested, SPI gene expression was less than 0.2% of that measured in rat liver, and GH did not affect the expression of the endogenous SPI gene in GH receptor-expressing cells. A 45 bp GH-responsive element (GHRE) has previously been defined in the SPI 2.1 gene. A construct containing six repeats of this GHRE was assembled with the thymidine kinase promoter and a chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter gene. Transient transfection of this reporter gene resulted in GH stimulation of CAT activity in all GH receptor-transfected cell lines. A 33-fold induction was measured in the GH receptor-expressing BRL cells. Induction of CAT activity was observed after 8 h of GH treatment in the BRL-GHR638 cell line. Stable BRL cell lines expressing GH receptors with carboxy-terminal truncations (GHR380 and GHR454) did not show increased CAT activity on GH stimulation. This suggests that more than half of the intracellular domain of the GH receptor is required to activate transcription of the SPI 2.1 gene.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Enhanced Oil Recovery by Variable Viscosity in Polymer Flooding (2012)

Laboratory physical simulation experiment method is used.Three parallel core tubes are used for simulating heterogeneous reservoirs with 250×10-3μm2,500×10-3μm2 and 1000×10-3μm2 of the effective permeability respectively.The effect of enhanced oil recovery by two polymer flooding schemes(unchangeable-viscosity polymer and gradual decreasing polymer) is compared on the same condition of polymer volume.At the same time,heterogeneous sand packed model with artificial visual plate is applied for swept area comparison of the polymer by constant viscosity oil displacement and variable viscosity oil displacement.The experimental results show that variable viscosity polymer flooding achieved better effect than constant viscosity polymer flooding in the two experiments of three parallel core tubes and sand packed model,among them,enhanced oil recovery range by polymer flooding of three parallel core tubes increased by 4.48%,and swept volume by sand packed model increased by 7.7%.Variable viscosity can not only expand swept volume on the longitudinal and the plane of the oil-bearing formations,but also enhance oil recovery of water flooding and after polymer flooding.The cause of that is discussed through five-spot areal model and parallel model combined with experiment results.Variable viscosity polymer flooding can realize continuous expanding of the swept volume in the oil reservoirs with areal,inlayer and interlayer heterogeneity.
Reengineering relational databases to object-oriented: constructing the class hierarchy and migrating the data (2002)

The object-oriented data model is predicted to be the heart of the next generation of database systems. Users want to move from old legacy databases into applying this new technology that provides extensibility and flexibility in maintenance. However, a major limitation on the wide acceptance of object-oriented databases is the amount of time and money invested on existing database applications, which are based on conventional legacy systems. Users do not want to loose the huge amounts of data present in conventional databases. This paper presents a novel approach to transform a given conventional database into an object-oriented database. It is assumed that the necessary characteristics of the conventional database to be re-engineered are known and available. The source of these characteristics might be the data dictionary and/or an expert in the given conventional database. We implemented a system that builds an understanding of a given conventional database by taking these characteristics as input and produces the corresponding object-oriented database as output. The system derives a graph that summarizes the conceptual model. Links in the graph are classified into inheritance links and aggregation links. This classification leads to the class hierarchy. Finally, we handle the migration of data from the conventional database to the constructed object-oriented database.
Visualizing multi-dimensional pareto-optimal fronts with a 3D virtual reality system (2008)

In multiobjective optimization, there are several targets that are in conflict, and thus they all cannot reach their optimum simultaneously. Hence, the solutions of the problem form a set of compromised trade-off solutions (a Pareto-optimal front or Pareto-optimal solutions) from which the best solution for the particular problem can be chosen. However, finding that best compromise solution is not an easy task for the human mind. Pareto-optimal fronts are often visualized for this purpose because in this way a comparison between solutions according to their location on the Pareto-optimal front becomes somewhat easier. Visualizing a Pareto-optimal front is straightforward when there are only two targets (or objective functions), but visualizing a front for more than two objective functions becomes a difficult task. In this paper, we introduce a new and innovative method of using three-dimensional virtual reality (VR) facilities to present multi-dimensional Pareto-optimal fronts. Rotation, zooming and other navigation possibilities of VR facilities make easy to compare different trade-off solutions, and fewer solutions need to be explored in order to understand the interrelationships among conflicting objective functions. In addition, it can be used to highlight and characterize interesting features of specific Pareto-optimal solutions, such as whether a particular solution is close to a constraint boundary or whether a solution lies on a relatively steep trade-off region. Based on these additional visual aids for analyzing trade-off solutions, a preferred compromise solution may be easier to choose than by other means.
Hybrid stacking structure of electroplated copper onto graphene for future interconnect applications (2015)

We show the feasibility of copper electroplating using graphene as a seed layer. Thermal annealing of the as-plated copper-graphene hybrid system promotes permeation of copper into graphene, forming an intermixing layer with enlarged lattice constant. It is shown that this intermixing layer blocks the diffusion of copper into the bottom SiO2/Si substrate at temperatures up to 900 °C. The electroplating process is comparable with current semiconductor fabrication technology. This hybrid system can serve as interconnect in the integrated circuits.
Role of caspase-independent apoptosis in cardiovascular diseases (2007)

Apoptosis plays an important role in various cardiovascular diseases, and inhibition of cardiac apoptosis shows promise as a therapeutic strategy. Caspase, a critical enzyme in the induction and execution of apoptosis, has been targeted to inhibit apoptosis. However a newly recognized caspase-independent apoptosis pathway may also play an important role in cardiac apoptosis. Yet the mechanism and the potential significance of caspase-independent apoptosis in the heart remain poorly understood. In this paper, we reviewed the literatures on the mechanism of caspase-independent apoptosis and its significance in cardiovascular diseases.
Establishment of a prediction method for premature rupture of membranes in term pregnancy using active ceruloplasmin in cervicovaginal secretion as a clinical marker (2005)

Active ceruloplasmin in the cervicovaginal secretion might be a reliable clinical marker for term PROM.
Evaluation of image-type glide slope performance in the presence of snow cover (1998)

A formulation for the effects that the ground-reflected signal has on the far-field performance of image-type glide slope is developed using geometrical optics. The effects of snow cover are then related to the formulation and analyzed. Results indicate that it is possible for certain types of dry snow to cause glide slope system performance to exceed U.S. Flight Inspection Manual (USFIM) tolerances at depths below existing Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) plowing criteria.
Preparation of .alpha.-trifluoromethyl esters from malonic esters (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of .alpha.-trifluoromethyl esters from malonic estersT. Stephen Everett, Suzanne T. Purrington, and Carl L. BumgardnerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 20, 3702–3706Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00194a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00194a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views939Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Clinical significance and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and E-cadherin in meningioma (2010)

Objective To investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and E-cadherin( Ecad) in meningioma and the clinical significance. Methods The expressions of Ki-67, COX-2 and E-cad were detected in 60 cases of meningioma by immunohistochemistry method, and the expressions of COX-2 mRNA、EcadmRNA were examined by in situ hybridization. Results There was significant correlation between over-expression of Ki-67、 COX-2 and decreased expression of E-cad with pathologic grade and invasion ( P ＜ 0. 05 ).There was negative correlation between the expression of COX-2 and E-cad ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Expressions of COX-2 and E-cad were significant correlated to pathologic grade and invasion. They may exert mutual effect and co-regulate the invasive growth of meningiomas. Combined detection of COX-2 and E-cad may help to predict the prognosis of patients.

Key words: 
Meningioma;  Cyclooxygenase-2;  E-cadherin;  Immunohistochemistry;  In situ hybridization