gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
p63 immunoreactivity in lung cancer: yet another player in the development of squamous cell carcinomas? (2002)

The p63 protein, a member of the p53 family of nuclear transcription factors, is characterized by different capabilities of transactivating reporter genes, inducing apoptosis, and functioning as dominant-negative agent. This study evaluated the prevalence and prognostic implications of p63 immunoreactivity in 221 patients with stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and in 57 patients with stage I-IV neuroendocrine tumours (NET). The results were correlated with the tumour proliferative fraction, the accumulation of p53 protein, and with patient survival. p63 immunoreactivity was seen in 109/118 squamous cell carcinomas, 15/95 adenocarcinomas, 2/2 adenosquamous carcinomas, 4/6 large cell carcinomas, 9/20 poorly differentiated NET, and 1/37 typical and atypical carcinoids (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the prevalence of p63-immunoreactive cells increased progressively from pre-neoplastic and pre-invasive lesions to invasive squamous cell carcinomas. In these latter tumours, but not in adenocarcinomas, p63 immunoreactivity correlated directly with the tumour proliferative fraction (p = 0.028), and inversely with the tumour grade (p = 0.004). No relationship was found with p53 protein immunoreactivity or the other clinico-pathological variables examined. Although p63 is likely to be involved in the development of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma, it does not carry any prognostic implication for NSCLC patients.
A Study of Techniques for Measuring 65Zn Absorption and Biological Half-life in the Chicken , (1968)

COTZIAS et at. (1962) reported a method to study total body turnover of 65Zn by mice. The total body radioactivity of the animals was determined in a scintillation well counter and the percentages of retention of the radioisotope were plotted as a function of time. Furchner and Richmond (1962) using total body radioactivity determinations plotted the logarithm of the percentages of retention versus time. They then extrapolated the linear component of the retention curves of orally dosed rats back to the y-axis, thus obtaining values for the amount retained at zero days, which they considered absorption. Heth and Hoekstra (1965) reported experiments determining 65Zn absorption in the rat. They dosed rats orally by gavage and by intramuscular injection into the hind leg with 65Zn. When plotting the percentages of retention versus time they observed that a rapid decrease of retention of 65Zn in both orally dosed and injected animals occurred . . .
CYR61 Stimulates Human Skin Fibroblast Migration through Integrin αvβ5 and Enhances Mitogenesis through Integrin αvβ3, Independent of Its Carboxyl-terminal Domain (2001)

CYR61, an angiogenic factor and a member of the CCN protein family, is an extracellular matrix-associated, heparin-binding protein that mediates cell adhesion, promotes cell migration, and enhances growth factor-stimulated cell proliferation. CYR61 induces angiogenesis and promotes tumor growth in vivo and is expressed in dermal fibroblasts during cutaneous wound healing. It has been demonstrated recently that adhesion of primary skin fibroblasts to CYR61 is mediated through integrin alpha(6)beta(1) and cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans, resulting in adhesive signaling and up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 3. CYR61 is composed of four discrete structural domains that bear sequence similarities to the insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins, von Willebrand factor type C repeat, thrombospondin type 1 repeat, and a carboxyl-terminal (CT) domain that resembles cysteine knots found in some growth factors. In this study, we show that a CYR61 mutant (CYR61DeltaCT) that has the CT domain deleted is unable to support adhesion of primary human skin fibroblasts but is still able to stimulate chemotaxis and enhance basic fibroblast growth factor-induced mitogenesis similar to wild type. In addition, fibroblast migration to CYR61 is mediated through integrin alpha(v)beta(5) but not integrins alpha(6)beta(1) or alpha(v)beta(3). Furthermore, we show that CYR61 binds directly to purified integrin alpha(v)beta(5) in vitro. By contrast, CYR61 enhancement of basic fibroblast growth factor-induced DNA synthesis is mediated through integrin alpha(v)beta(3), a known receptor for CYR61 that mediates CYR61-dependent cell adhesion and chemotaxis in vascular endothelial cells. Thus, CYR61 promotes primary human fibroblast adhesion, migration, and mitogenesis through integrins alpha(6)beta(1), alpha(v)beta(5), and alpha(v)beta(3), respectively. Together, these findings establish CYR61 as a novel ligand for integrin alpha(v)beta(5) and show that CYR61 interacts with distinct integrins to mediate disparate activities in a cell type-specific manner.
Influence of body weight on bone mass, architecture and turnover (2016)

Weight-dependent loading of the skeleton plays an important role in establishing and maintaining bone mass and strength. This review focuses on mechanical signaling induced by body weight as an essential mechanism for maintaining bone health. In addition, the skeletal effects of deviation from normal weight are discussed. The magnitude of mechanical strain experienced by bone during normal activities is remarkably similar among vertebrates, regardless of size, supporting the existence of a conserved regulatory mechanism, or mechanostat, that senses mechanical strain. The mechanostat functions as an adaptive mechanism to optimize bone mass and architecture based on prevailing mechanical strain. Changes in weight, due to altered mass, weightlessness (spaceflight), and hypergravity (modeled by centrifugation), induce an adaptive skeletal response. However, the precise mechanisms governing the skeletal response are incompletely understood. Furthermore, establishing whether the adaptive response maintains the mechanical competence of the skeleton has proven difficult, necessitating the development of surrogate measures of bone quality. The mechanostat is influenced by regulatory inputs to facilitate non-mechanical functions of the skeleton, such as mineral homeostasis, as well as hormones and energy/nutrient availability that support bone metabolism. Although the skeleton is very capable of adapting to changes in weight, the mechanostat has limits. At the limits, extreme deviations from normal weight and body composition are associated with impaired optimization of bone strength to prevailing body size.
Distributed value system matrix (2007)

In this paper, I make the case that User-Centered Design (UCD) principles, specifically those principles that view design through the lens of distributed usability, should be at the center of research into how organizations determine and value writing work. Based in activity theory, my argument for such an approach is that UCD principles, grounded in notions of Distributed Usability, function well as a research method to determine organizational values that may be invisible or ill defined. Activity theory as it currently stands contains but does not foreground what and how an organization values as good writing for a particular situation. By using activity theory and distributed usability to develop what I call a Distributed Value System Matrix, organizations would be able to see how differing documents may be doing the same work within and between different contexts. Such knowledge should be of great value for smaller organizations where members often engage in a variety of writing tasks and for professional writers who move project to project, context to context. I include a brief example of what such a research project looks like in an academic context.
Efficacy of radioiodine therapy in the treatment of elevated serum thyroglobulin in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma and negative whole-body iodine scan (2006)

We recommend that in differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients with elevated thyroglobulin and negative WBS, at least one course of radioiodine therapy should be undertaken and if reduction or normalization of serum thyroglobulin is not achieved, repeated courses of radioiodine therapy are not logical and other therapeutic methods should be applied.
Supramolecular organization of extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycans, in vitro and in the tissues (1992)

Connective tissues maintain shape against external and internal stress. They are molecular hierarchies in which fundamental building units come together in tiers of increasing complexity and mutual interactions, based on information carried in the precursor molecules secreted by cells. The collagen fibril is the end product of well-understood self-aggregation controlled by its amino acid sequences, but the interfibrillar amorphous ground substance has not hitherto been seen as structured by analogous aggregations prescribed by the primary structures of the characteristic glycosaminoglycans dissolved therein. Transmission electron microscopy with morphometry and stereology has demonstrated their existence in tissues. Nuclear magnetic resonance defined their secondary structures, rotary shadowing electron microscopy delineated their aggregates in vitro, and molecular dynamics stimulations showed how the latter can spring from the former. The driving forces to aggregation are hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding, offset by electrostatic repulsion between polyanionic charges. The relative stabilities of the aggregates are determined by this balance, and hence by the position and number of their charges, particularly the sulfate ester groups. Corneal stroma is a system of collagen fibrils, highly ordered to ensure transparency, in which glycosaminoglycan aggregates are suggested to determine the ordered spacing as yardsticks in a way that has parallels in all connective tissues.
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Vietnamese Medicinal Plants (2004)

Among 288 extracts, prepared from 96 medicinal plants used in Vietnamese traditional medicine to treat gout and related symptoms, 188 demonstrated xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity at 100 microg/ml, with 46 having greater than 50% inhibition. At 50 microg/ml, 168 of the extracts were active, with 21 possessing more than 50% inhibition. At 25 microg/ml, 146 extracts exhibited inhibitory activity, with 8 showing over 50% inhibition, while 126 extracts presented activity at 10 microg/ml, with 2 having greater than 50% inhibition. The MeOH extracts of Artemisia vulgaris, Caesalpinia sappan (collected at the Seven-Mountain area), Blumea balsamifera (collected in Lam Dong province), Chrysanthemum sinense and MeOH-H(2)O extract of Tetracera scandens (Khanh Hoa province) exhibited strong XO inhibitory activity with IC(50) values less than 20 microg/ml. The most active extract was the MeOH extract of the flower of C. sinense with an IC(50) value of 5.1 microg/ml. Activity-guided fractionation of the MeOH extract led to the isolation of caffeic acid (1), luteolin (2), eriodictyol (3), and 1,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4). All these compounds showed significant XO inhibitory activity in a concentration-dependent manner, and the activity of 2 was more potent (IC(50) 1.3 microM) than the clinically used drug, allopurinol (IC(50) 2.5 microM).
Purification of human tonsil plasma cells: Pre-enrichment step by immunomagnetic selection of CD31+ cells (2000)

Therefore, immunomagnetic pre-enrichment of CD31(+) cells is an efficient method that allows the complete purification of human functional PC.
Prevention of contrast induced nephropathy: Recommendations for the high risk patient undergoing cardiovascular procedures (2006)

Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is the third leading cause of hospital acquired renal failure and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Chronic kidney disease is the primary predisposing factor for CIN. As estimated glomerular filtration rate<60 ml/1.73 m2 represents significant renal dysfunction and defines patients at high risk. Modifiable risk factors for CIN include hydration status, the type and amount of contrast, use of concomitant nephrotoxic agents and recent contrast administration. The cornerstone of CIN prevention, in both the high and low risk patients, is adequate parenteral volume repletion. In the patient at increased risk for CIN it is often appropriate to withhold potentially nephrotoxic medications, and consider the use of n-acetylcysteine. In patients at increased risk for CIN the use of low or iso-osomolar contrast agents should be utilized and strategies employed to minimize contrast volume. In these patients serum creatinine should be obtained forty-eight hours post procedure and it is often appropriate to continue withholding medications such as metformin or non steroidal anti-inflammatories until renal function returns to normal.
Channel Adversarial Training for Cross-channel Text-independent Speaker Recognition (2019)

The conventional speaker recognition frameworks (e.g., the i-vector and CNN-based approach) have been successfully applied to various tasks when the channel of the enrolment dataset is similar to that of the test dataset. However, in real-world applications, mismatch always exists between these two datasets, which may severely deteriorate the recognition performance. Previously, a few channel compensation algorithms have been proposed, such as Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Probabilistic LDA. However, these methods always require the collections of different channels from a specific speaker, which is unrealistic to be satisfied in real scenarios. Inspired by domain adaptation, we propose a novel deep-learning based speaker recognition framework to learn the channel-invariant and speaker-discriminative speech representations via channel adversarial training. Specifically, we first employ a gradient reversal layer to remove variations across different channels. Then, the compressed information is projected into the same subspace by adversarial training. Experiments on test datasets with 54,133 speakers demonstrate that the proposed method is not only effective at alleviating the channel mismatch problem, but also outperforms state-of-the-art speaker recognition methods. Compared with the i-vector-based method and the CNN-based method, our proposed method achieves significant relative improvement of 44.7% and 22.6% respectively in terms of the Top1 recall.
Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (2008)

Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) is a technique that provides molecular information on the nanometre scale. Using a nanometre-sized metal particle results in a strong signal enhancement and a lateral resolution similar to the dimensions of the particle. As TERS is in a way the ultimate SERS experiment, the theoretical background will be briefly discussed with respect to the unique features and the specific effects that occur when only a single nanoparticle is used as a probe. All the major parts of the instrument will be revealed and the specific advantages of the different instrumental set ups will be investigated with respect to the particular requirements of the sample. Selected examples ranging from material science to cell biological applications demonstrate the capabilities and the potential of TERS in this tutorial review.
A two‐dimensional model for the free‐settling regime in continuous thickening (1990)

Abstract All classical models for thickening assume one‐dimensional continuity. However, the free‐settling domain in continuous thickeners is not one‐dimensional. Therefore, a two‐dimensional model is investigated. The two‐dimensional model gives the same values for thickener area demands as the one‐dimensional model, but the relationships between batch and steady‐state thickening are not the same. Free‐settling Kynch characteristics can arise in the continuous operation that do not arise in batch tests. Therefore, design procedures that rely on Kynch theory, such as that of Talmage and Fitch, are not completely valid. A method is developed, based on extrapolating the Kynch or free‐settling segment of a batch settling, curve, that yields an improved prediction for thickener area demand.
Lipase-catalyzed irreversible transesterification using enol esters: resolution of prostaglandin synthons 4-hydroxy-2-alkyl-2-cyclopentenones and inversion of the 4S enantiomer to the 4R enantiomer (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLipase-catalyzed irreversible transesterification using enol esters: resolution of prostaglandin synthons 4-hydroxy-2-alkyl-2-cyclopentenones and inversion of the 4S enantiomer to the 4R enantiomerKevin A. Babiak, John S. Ng, John H. Dygos, Cara L. Weyker, Yi Fong Wang, and Chi Huey WongCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 10, 3377–3381Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00297a073https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00297a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views569Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High Order Models in Diffusion MRI and Applications (2011)

Cette thèse traite du problème de la modélisation du signal en IRM de diffusion et de son exploitation pour caractériser au mieux le réseau de fibres de la matière blanche cérébrale. Nous examinons d abord l IRM du tenseur de diffusion généralisé, qui utilise des tenseurs cartésiens d ordre supérieur à deux pour modéliser le signal de diffusion. Nous proposons deux méthodes indépendantes pour estimer des tenseurs d ordre 4 avec un profil de diffusion positive. Ensuite, nous proposons une approximation analytique du propagateur de diffusion de tenseurs d ordre supérieur à deux, ce qui nous permet de mesurer à la fois un profil de diffusion modifié et le propagateur, qui contiennent des informations complémentaires. Finalement, nous proposons une méthode permettant d extraire les maxima d une large classe de fonctions de diffusion sphériques, que l on peut obtenir à partir du propagateur reconstruit. Ces fonctions sont utilisées pour nous indiquer finement les directions des fibres dans la substance blanche. Nous analysons et extrayons les caractéristiques géométriques de ces fonctions sphériques et exploitons ces résultats pour proposer de nouveaux biomarqueurs pour la caractérisation de la substance blanche cérébrale. Enfin, nous exploitons l extraction des maxima de ces fonctions pour généraliser deux méthodes de tractographie déterministe afin de permettre la gestion des singularités comme celles qui correspondent aux fibres qui se croisent.
The Treatment of Malaria (1996)

Increasing drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum and a resurgence of malaria in tropical areas have effected a change in treatment of malaria in the last two decades. Symptoms of malaria are fever, chills, headache, and malaise. The prognosis worsens as the parasite counts, counts of mature parasites, and counts of neutrophils containing pigment increase. Treatment depends on severity, age of patient, degree of background immunity, likely pattern of susceptibility to antimalarial drugs, and the cost and availability of drugs. Chloroquine should be used for P. vivax, P. malariae, and P. ovale. P. vivax has shown high resistance to chloroquine in Oceania, however. Primaquine may be needed to treat P. vivax and P. ovale to rid the body of hypnozoites that survive in the liver. Chloroquine can treat P. falciparum infections acquired in North Africa, Central America north of the Panama Canal, Haiti, or the Middle East but not in most of Africa and some parts of Asia and South America. In areas of low grade resistance to chloroquine, amodiaquine can be used to effectively treat falciparum malaria. A combination of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is responsive to falciparum infections with high grade resistance to chloroquine. Mefloquine, halofantrine, or quinine with tetracycline can be used to treat multidrug-resistant P. falciparum. Derivatives of artemisinin obtained from qinghao or sweet wormwood developed as pharmaceuticals in China are the most rapidly acting of all antimalarial drugs. Children tend to tolerate antimalarial drugs well. Children who weigh less than 15 kg should not be given mefloquine. Health workers should not prescribe primaquine to pregnant women or newborns due to the risk of hemolysis. Chloroquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, quinine, and quinidine can be safely given in therapeutic doses throughout pregnancy. Clinical manifestations of severe malaria are hypoglycemia, convulsions, severe anemia, acute renal failure, jaundice, pulmonary edema, cerebral malaria, shock, and acidosis. Health workers should be prepared to treat these symptoms accordingly.
Effect of protein‐loading on properties of wet‐spun poly(<scp>L,D</scp>‐lactide) multifilament fibers (2010)

Abstract Protein‐loaded multifilament fibers were fabricated by the wet‐spinning method. The polymers which were tested included poly( L,D ‐lactide) [P( L,D )LA], L/D ratio 96/4 and poly( L,DL ‐lactide) [P( L,DL )LA], L / DL ratio 70/30. The polymers were dissolved in dichloromethane and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was dissolved in water, respectively. The solutions were mixed together using a probe sonicator to form a polymer‐protein emulsion. This emulsion was extruded to an ethanol spin bath. The fibers possessed a distinct sheath‐core structure, where the inner core was porous and the outer sheath was smooth. The diameters of the filaments were in the range of 46 and 70 μm. The tenacity values of the filaments were between 7 and 17 MPa. In vitro drug release rate of the P( L,DL )LA 70/30 filament was faster than that of the P( L,D )LA 96/4 filament. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Low resistance Ti or Co salicided raised source/drain transistors for sub-0.13 μm CMOS technologies (2002)

Raised source/drain (R/SD) CMOS transistors with Co or Ti salicide to improve narrow-poly sheet resistance and diode leakage are studied. At 0.11 /spl mu/m gate length, low resistance of 2 /spl Omega//sq and 1.2 /spl Omega//sq are achieved for CoSi/sub 2/ (with 400 /spl Aring/ R/SD) and TiSi/sub 2/ with 700 /spl Aring/ R/SD and pre-amorphization implant (PAI), respectively. These results are due to the lateral over-growth of the deposited silicon to form T-shaped gates. Significant improvement in the junction leakage current is also observed for the R/SD devices with CoSi/sub 2/ salicide. Comparison of integration issues such as silicide bridging, poly depletion, and gate oxide integrity are presented together with transistor drive current and source/drain series resistance.