gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Luminescent Tricarbonylrhenium(I) Polypyridine Estradiol Conjugates:  Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Photophysical, Electrochemical, and Protein-Binding Properties (2006)

A series of luminescent tricarbonylrhenium(I) polypyridine estradiol complexes [Re(N−N)(CO)3(L)](CF3SO3) (N−N = 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), L = 4-(17α-ethynylestradiolyl)pyridine (py-est) (1a), 4-(N-(6-(4-(17α-ethynylestradiolyl)benzoylamino)hexanoyl)aminomethyl)pyridine (py-C6-est) (1b); N−N = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Me4-phen), L = py-est (2a), py-C6-est (2b); N−N = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Ph2-phen), L = py-est (3a), py-C6-est (3b)) have been synthesized and characterized. The X-ray crystal structure of complex 1a has also been investigated. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of all the complexes have been studied. Upon irradiation, most of the complexes exhibited intense and long-lived triplet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (3MLCT) (dπ(Re) → π*(N−N)) emission in fluid solutions at 298 K and in low-temperature glass. The excited states of the Me4-phen complexes possessed some triplet intraligand 3IL character. The lipophilicity of all the complexes has been determined by reversed-phase HPLC. In addition, the binding of these complexes to estrogen receptor α has been investigated by emission titrations.
Ultra-low noise miniaturized neural amplifier with hardware averaging (2015)

These results demonstrate the efficacy of hardware averaging on noise improvement for neural recording with cuff electrodes, and can accommodate the presence of high source impedances that are associated with the miniaturized contacts and the high channel count in electrode arrays. This technique can be adopted for other applications where miniaturized and implantable multichannel acquisition systems with ultra-low noise and low power are required.
Identification of submicroscopic chromosomal aberrations in fetuses with increased nuchal translucency and apparently normal karyotype (2011)

aCGH allows detection of submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities, the prevalence of which may be increased in fetuses with NT > 3.5 mm and an apparently normal karyotype.
Regional Hyperthermia with an Annular Phased Array (1984)

An annular phased array electromagnetic (EM) radiating device has been developed to surround regions of the body with penetrating EM fields. This instrument uses synchronous fields to focus energy at the center of a body placed in the aperture. Methods for steering the deep heating patterns have also been demonstrated and evaluated, as well as a minimally perturbing electric field (E-field) sensor to monitor the strength of the EM fields outside the body.
Dehydration of Ethanol-Water Mixture Using Activated Carbons from Sawdust and Palm Kernel Shells (2010)

This work was carried out to determine the optimum conditions for preparing activated carbons from sawdust and palm kernel shells (PKS); the maximum initial water concentration in feed solution to produce anhydrous ethanol using the adsorbents; and the effects of initial water concentration on water removal efficiency, selectivity, and adsorption capacity. The sawdust was chemically activated with ammonium chloride as catalyst while the PKS was carbonized and steam activated. Different particle sizes of the activated carbons were used in the study. The optimum conditions for preparing the activated carbons were established. It was found that only the activated sawdust particle sizes could break the ethanol-water azeotropic composition in feed solutions containing 5–9% (v/v) water to produce anhydrous ethanol. Powdered activated sawdust particles had the highest adsorption capacity compared to all the other particle sizes. The water removal efficiency, selectivity of water-to-ethanol adsorption, and adsorption capacity were higher at low initial water concentrations.
Ectopic expression of Cdk8 induces eccentric hypertrophy and heart failure (2017)

Widespread changes in cardiac gene expression occur during heart failure, yet the mechanisms responsible for coordinating these changes remain poorly understood. The Mediator complex represents a nodal point for modulating transcription by bridging chromatin-bound transcription factors with RNA polymerase II activity; it is reversibly regulated by its cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (Cdk8) kinase submodule. Here, we identified increased Cdk8 protein expression in human failing heart explants and determined the consequence of this increase in cardiac-specific Cdk8-expressing mice. Transgenic Cdk8 overexpression resulted in progressive dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and premature lethality. Prior to functional decline, left ventricular cardiomyocytes were dramatically elongated, with disorganized transverse tubules and dysfunctional calcium handling. RNA sequencing results showed that myofilament gene isoforms not typically expressed in adult cardiomyocytes were enriched, while oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid biosynthesis genes were downregulated. Interestingly, candidate upstream transcription factor expression levels and MAPK signaling pathways thought to determine cardiomyocyte size remained relatively unaffected, suggesting that Cdk8 functions within a novel growth regulatory pathway. Our findings show that manipulating cardiac gene expression through increased Cdk8 levels is detrimental to the heart by establishing a transcriptional program that induces pathological remodeling and eccentric hypertrophy culminating in heart failure.
Stabilized Ceramic Membrane Electrodes for the Measurement of pH at Elevated Temperatures (1982)

The use of a ceramic membrane for the measurement of pH at elevated temperatures is described. The measurement system consists of matched membrane and external pressure‐balanced reference electrodes, both of which have their internal sensing elements at ambient temperature in order to avoid thermal degradation. The pH response of the system has been calibrated using and test solutions whose pH values were determined at various temperatures between 25° and 275°C using an in situ hydrogen electrode. The ceramic membrane has been shown to exhibit a Nernstian pH response, particularly at elevated temperatures, although an "acid error" was observed for weakly acidic environments.
Cerebral Microbleeds: Burden Assessment by Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (2011)

The total susceptibility of a cerebral microbleed measured by using QSM is a physical property that is independent of echo time.
Efficient Intra Mode Selection using Image Structure Tensor for H.264/AVC (2007)

Intra mode decision and motion estimation for spatial and temporal prediction play important roles for achieving high video compression ratio in the latest video coding standard H.264/AVC. However, both components take most of the computational cost in the video encoding process. In this paper, we propose an efficient intra mode prediction algorithm based on image structure tensor analysis. The image structure tensor can provide the local image structure information for making the intra-mode decision. We show significant reduction of the computation time with negligible video quality degradation for H.264 video encoding by implementation into JM reference program .
Electrodynamics (1959)

Dr. Builder, in the Bulletin of December last, refers to me as having attempted " to revive and promulgate the Ritz and Ampère formulae," saying that the former is only derivable on the hypothesis that all electromagnetic effects are emitted ballistically, and that this is incompatible " with the overwhelming evidence that the velocity of light is independent of the motion of its source." This is very far from the case. My theory is one of retarded action-at-a-distance; on such a theory there is no ballistic or medium transmission and no conflict with the evidence that the velocity of light is independent of the motion of source and receiver (although I believe it, I do not agree that this evidence is " overwhelming " and have suggested the repetition of Majorana's experiments).
Chain linked lactic acid polymers : polymerization and biodegradation studies (2003)

The two-step polymerization method, including polycondensation and chain linking reactions, was conducted to obtain high-molecular-weight lactic acid polymers. The biodegradability of these polymers was subsequently investigated. Three polymerization routes were studied. Hydroxyl-terminated prepolymers were linked with diisocyanates, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) or 1,4-butane diisocyanate (BDI), to produce poly(ester-urethanes) (PEU). Carboxyl-terminated prepolymers were linked with 2,2’-bis(2-oxazoline) (BOX) to produce poly(ester-amides) (PEA). In addition, lactic acid oligomers having both carboxyl and hydroxyl end-groups were linked, with sequential or simultaneous addition of HMDI and BOX, to produce both urethane and oxamide bonds in the lactic acid polymer (PEUA).\n\nThe structures of novel chain linked lactic acid polymers were identified and the polymerization behavior of carboxyl- and hydroxyl-reactive chain extenders with prepolymers was carefully evaluated with the use of SEC, NMR, and FTIR. BOX was found to be simultaneously an effective chain coupling agent and acid value reducer for lactic acid based prepolymer, whilst also increasing the thermal stability of PLA polymers. Side-reactions were detected, which can be utilized to obtain branches and crosslinks to PEU and PEUA during chain linking polymerizations. Amide groups, formed in the reaction between HMDI and the COOH group, played an important role in the branching and crosslinking, rather than the oxamide or urethane groups. Also, the mode of addition of chain extenders had a considerable effect on the branching.\n\nThe biodegradability of lactic acid polymers prepared by chain linking was demonstrated using hydrolysis and a controlled compost test. The quality of the compost after biodegradation was evaluated with biotests. All the polymers biodegraded to over 90 % of the positive control in six months, which is the limit set by the CEN standard. Toxicity was detected with the Flash test and plant growth tests in PEU samples, where chain linking of lactic acid oligomers had been carried out with 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate. All other polymers showed no toxicological effect. The results clearly showed that 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate should not be used as a building block in biodegradable polymers on account of the environmental risk.
Repulsive binary alloys and the absence of localization: Application to Fibonacci lattices and molecularly based electronic filters (1990)

We show here that a static disordered binary alloy in which one of the impurities is prevented from clustering in the lattice as a result of strong repulsive interactions, e.g., will possess a localization–delocalization transition regardless of the spatial dimension. We show explicitly that (N)1/2 of the electronic states are completely unscattered by the disorder and lead to superdiffusive transport with a mean-square displacement growing in time as t3/2 over a wide range of the static disorder in one dimension. The model is shown to be applicable to electron transport in Fibonacci lattices fabricated from two kinds of materials such as GaAs and AlAs. It is shown explicitly that transient grating experiments can be used to probe the location of the unattenuated states in the energy band. We propose that this model can be used to design molecularly based electronic filters.
Identical short peptide sequences in unrelated proteins can have different conformations: a testing ground for theories of immune recognition. (1985)

The ability of antibodies raised against disordered short peptides to interact frequently with their cognate sequences in intact folded proteins has raised a major theoretical issue in protein chemistry. We propose to address this issue by using antibodies raised against peptides with identical sequences, but different conformations, in pairs of unrelated proteins of known three-dimensional structure. The general search method presented here enabled us to detect candidate sequences for such immunological studies.
Abnormal binding of soluble IgG immune complexes to hepatic nonparenchymal cells of autoimmune mice. (1983)

Because the liver is the major organ responsible for removal of soluble immune complexes (IC), the surface binding characteristics of preformed model IC to unstimulated mouse liver nonparenchymal cells (NPC) in suspension were studied. NPC of non-autoimmune C3H/FeJ, C3H/HeJ, A/J, DBA/2 and the autoimmune NZB/W F1 and MRL/lpr female mice of various ages were isolated by perfusion of the portal vein with collagenase followed by separation of NPC from hepatocytes with a metrizamide gradient. Thirty-five percent of NPC of all mouse strains were nonspecific esterase-positive and phagocytosed latex beads. Radiolabeled mouse IgG anti-DNP covalently cross-linked stable IC were separated by gel filtration and bound to NPC under various conditions. Marked differences were noted in maximal number of IC bound per cell between the autoimmune and non-autoimmune mouse strains: 3.3 to 4.0 X 10(5) in the non-autoimmune strains vs 0.3 to 1.4 X 10(5) molecules of IC bound per cell in the autoimmune strains at 1 to 6 mo. Insignificant differences were noted in Ka by Scatchard plot analysis (3.5 to 5.0 X 10(8) M-1) and rate of reversibility of binding as determined by dissociation of surface-bound IC with an excess of heat-aggregated gamma-globulin (T 1/2:1.5 to 2 min). These data demonstrate a decreased number of available binding sites for IC in unstimulated NPC from NZB/W F1 and MRL/lpr female mice throughout their life spans. Although the findings are consistent with saturation of binding sites of the NPC with native IC, the abnormality found in the 1-mo-old autoimmune mice (who do not have detectable autoantibodies) suggests a primary defect in FC receptor expression or an altered state of activation of NPC that may contribute to the disease process.
Robustness of multichannel equalization in an acoustic reverberant environment (2003)

A theoretical framework is established, for the robustness of multichannel sound equalization in reverberant environments. Using results from statistical room acoustics, a closed-form expression is derived that predicts the degradation in performance of an equalization system as the sound source moves from its nominal position inside the enclosure. The presented analysis also provides means of identifying the performance bounds that can be expected when using such a system in an actual room. Using extensive computer simulations, the effect of physical parameters such as the relative positions of the source and the receivers, as well as effects of different design parameters are investigated. Based on the conditions imposed by these parameters, it is shown that, depending on the array geometry and the exact form of the equalizers, slight performance gains can be expected as the number of receivers is increased.
Molecular defect in siblings with prolidase deficiency and absence or presence of clinical symptoms. A 0.8-kb deletion with breakpoints at the short, direct repeat in the PEPD gene and synthesis of abnormal messenger RNA and inactive polypeptide. (1991)

Prolidase deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder with highly variable symptoms, including mental retardation, skin lesions, and abnormalities of collagenous tissues. In Japanese female siblings with polypeptide negative prolidase deficiency, and with different degrees of severity of skin lesions, we noted an abnormal mRNA with skipping of 192 bp sequence corresponding to exon 14 in lymphoblastoid cells taken from these patients. Transfection and expression analyses using the mutant prolidase cDNA revealed that a mutant protein translated from the abnormal mRNA had an Mr of 49,000 and was enzymatically inactive. A 774-bp deletion, including exon 14 was noted in the prolidase gene. The deletion had termini within short, direct repeats ranging in size of 7 bp (CCACCCT). The "slipped mispairing" mechanism may predominate in the generation of the deletion at this locus. This mutation caused a 192-bp in-frame deletion of prolidase mRNA and was inherited from the consanguineous parents. The same mutation caused a different degree of clinical phenotype of prolidase deficiency in this family, therefore factor(s) not related to the PEPD gene product also contribute to development of the clinical symptoms. Identification of mutations in the PEPD gene from subjects with prolidase deficiency provides further insight into the physiological role and structure-function relationship of this biologically important enzyme.
How a processor can permute n bits in O(1) cycles (2002)

This study was aimed to clarify the endoscopic findings and the decline of serum IgG titer after successful eradication of H. pylori in long-term (from 2 to 7 years). Forty-six H. pylori-positive peptic ulcer (22 GU and 26 DU) cases were eradicated with antimicrobial therapy. Sixty-nine non-eradicated DU cases who received maintainance therapy with H2-blocker were control group. Biopsy urease test (BUT) and culturing was performed to diagnose the H. pylori infection. Anti-H. pylori IgG titer (EIA) were also measured in some cases, pre and 6, 12, 24 months after the eradication. In 3 cases, H. pylori were recrudescent and only in a case, DU recurred during 5 years after eradication. Meanwhile, in 55% of control cases, DU were recurred during same periods. In 62% of eradicated cases, serum IgG-antibody to H. pylori declined below the cut-off level during 2 years after eradication. It was certified that eradication therapy against H. pylori prevents ulcer recurrence for long time, and re-rise of serum IgG titer to H. pylori might predict a recrudescence of infection.
Distributed Storage Codes With Repair-by-Transfer and Nonachievability of Interior Points on the Storage-Bandwidth Tradeoff (2011)

Regenerating codes are a class of recently developed codes for distributed storage that, like Reed-Solomon codes, permit data recovery from any subset of nodes within the -node network. However, regenerating codes possess in addition, the ability to repair a failed node by connecting to an arbitrary subset of nodes. It has been shown that for the case of functional repair, there is a tradeoff between the amount of data stored per node and the bandwidth required to repair a failed node. A special case of functional repair is exact repair where the replacement node is required to store data identical to that in the failed node. Exact repair is of interest as it greatly simplifies system implementation. The first result of this paper is an explicit, exact-repair code for the point on the storage-bandwidth tradeoff corresponding to the minimum possible repair bandwidth, for the case when . This code has a particularly simple graphical description, and most interestingly has the ability to carry out exact repair without any need to perform arithmetic operations. We term this ability of the code to perform repair through mere transfer of data as repair by transfer. The second result of this paper shows that the interior points on the storage-bandwidth tradeoff cannot be achieved under exact repair, thus pointing to the existence of a separate tradeoff under exact repair. Specifically, we identify a set of scenarios which we term as “helper node pooling,” and show that it is the necessity to satisfy such scenarios that overconstrains the system.
Skype(TM) : The Definitive Guide (2006)

Learn how to make free phone calls to more than 75 million people, and dirt-cheap phone calls to practically everyone else, anywhere on Earth! You can do it with Skype. This book will help you get started fast, with any computer: Windows, Mac, Linux, even Pocket PC. Then, take Skype to the limit, with SkypeIn, SkypeOut, instant messaging, secure file transfer, even video calling. Set up and customize Skype in just minutes Take Skype on the road--avoid expensive hotel phones and international calls Transform your PC into a state-of-the-art Skype videophone Troubleshoot Skype connections and audio quality Discover even more ways to save money, simplify life, even build your business!Written by Skype insiders, this is the only official guide to Skype. It's up-to-date, easy-to-use, quick, simple . . . and above all, FUN!Bonus coverage for more experienced users: Skype architecture, security, and advanced configuration.
Adaptive equalisation for broadband predistortion linearisation of optical transmitters (2005)

Polynomial predistortion is known to have limited signal bandwidth and modulation-depth range above which the improvement gained by linearisation quickly diminishes. This problem has been studied for RF power amplifiers in the context of wireless communications but less so for analogue fibre optic links which could greatly benefit from a broadband, large dynamic range predistortion lineariser. Behavioural models are presented for static and dynamic nonlinearities based on the Volterra series. It is shown that for modulation frequencies much lower than the relaxation oscillation frequency, a simple predistortion architecture that employs only postfiltering is adequate to compensate for memory effects that limit predistortion bandwidth. Design considerations for an analogue adaptive tap delay line filter are also presented along with the general frequency response needed to compensate for memory. The dependence of predistortion parameters on modulation depth is analysed, and it is shown that an adaptive predistorter using instantaneous digital adaptation (IDA) provides both a larger signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) and modulation depth range at the transmitter for a given noise floor.
The Operating Features of a Stoichiometric, Ammonia and Gasoline Dual Fueled Spark Ignition Engine (2006)

An overall stoichiometric mixture of air, gaseous ammonia and gasoline was metered into a single cylinder, variable compression ratio, supercharged CFR engine at varying ratios of gasoline to ammonia. The engine was operated such that the combustion was knock-free with minimal roughness for all loads ranging from idle up to a maximum load in the supercharge regime. For a given load, speed, and compression ratio there was a range of ratios of gasoline to ammonia for which knock-free, smooth firing was obtained. This range was investigated at its roughness limit and also at its knock limit. If too much ammonia was used, then the engine fired with an excessive roughness. If too much gasoline was used, then knock-free combustion could not be obtained while the maximum brake torque spark advance was maintained. Stoichiometric operation on gasoline alone was also investigated, for comparison. It was found that a significant fraction of the gasoline used in spark ignition engines could be replaced with ammonia. Operation on mostly gasoline was required near idle. However, mostly ammonia could be used at high load. Operation on ammonia alone was possible at some of the supercharged load points. Generally, the use of ammonia or ammonia with gasoline allowed knock-free operation at higher compression ratios and higher loads than could be obtained with the use of gasoline alone. The use of ammonia/gasoline allowed practical operation at a compression ratio of 12:1 whereas the limit for gasoline alone was 9:1. When running on ammonia/gasoline the engine could be operated at brake mean effective pressures that were more than 50% higher than those achieved with the use of gasoline alone. The maximum brake thermal efficiency achieved with the use of ammonia/gasoline was 32.0% at 10:1 compression ratio and BMEP = 1025 kPa. The maximum brake thermal efficiency possible for gasoline was 24.6% at 9:1 and BMEP = 570 kPa.