gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Keratocytes Pull with Similar Forces on Their Dorsal and Ventral Surfaces (1999)

As cells move forward, they pull rearward against extracellular matrices (ECMs), exerting traction forces. However, no rearward forces have been seen in the fish keratocyte. To address this discrepancy, we have measured the propulsive forces generated by the keratocyte lamella on both the ventral and the dorsal surfaces. On the ventral surface, a micromachined device revealed that traction forces were small and rearward directed under the lamella, changed direction in front of the nucleus, and became larger under the cell body. On the dorsal surface of the lamella, an optical gradient trap measured rearward forces generated against fibronectin-coated beads. The retrograde force exerted by the cell on the bead increased in the thickened region of the lamella where myosin condensation has been observed (Svitkina, T.M., A.B. Verkhovsky, K.M. McQuade, and G. G. Borisy. 1997. J. Cell Biol. 139:397-415). Similar forces were generated on both the ventral (0.2 nN/microm(2)) and the dorsal (0.4 nN/microm(2)) surfaces of the lamella, suggesting that dorsal matrix contacts are as effectively linked to the force-generating cytoskeleton as ventral contacts. The correlation between the level of traction force and the density of myosin suggests a model for keratocyte movement in which myosin condensation in the perinuclear region generates rearward forces in the lamella and forward forces in the cell rear.
Glomerular Filtration Rate Measured by 51Cr-EDTA Clearance: Evaluation of Captopril-Induced Changes in Hypertensive Patients with and without Renal Artery Stenosis (2010)

Captopril induced a decrease in the GFR that could be quantitatively measured with (51)Cr-EDTA. The reduction is more pronounced in hypertensive patients with RAS.
The 'neural' phonetic typewriter (1988)

The factors that make speech recognition difficult are examined, and the potential of neural computers for this purpose is discussed. A speaker-adaptive system that transcribes dictation using an unlimited vocabulary is presented that is based on a neural network processor for the recognition of phonetic units of speech. The acoustic preprocessing, vector quantization, neural network model, and shortcut learning algorithm used are described. The utilization of phonotopic maps and of postprocessing in symbolic forms are discussed. Hardware implementations and performance of the neural networks are considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Case study - using stil as test pattern language (2004)

This paper describes the implementation of a test pattern language using STIL [1], the IEEE Standard Test Interface Language (1450-1999), in a next generation, open architecture Automated Test Equipment (ATE) platform. The advantages of this approach in extensibility and easy interface with Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools for the ATE user are presented. Some challenges of using STIL as a general purpose ATE test pattern language are also presented. The overall EDA and ATE strategy and pattern system architecture based upon STIL are discussed.
Strain and Damage Monitoring of CFRP Laminates by Means of Electrical Resistance Measurement (2007)

This review discusses the use of electrical resistance and potential change in various methods for monitoring Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) composites. CFRP composites have electrical conductivity as they contain carbon fibers. When fibers and fiber networks break within the structure its electrical resistance changes; the electrical resistance of carbon fiber changes with the applied strain just as physical resistance varies in a conventional strain gage. Using these changes in electrical resistance damage to CFRP composites can be monitored and applied strain measured without implementation of additional sensors. This makes CFRP a self-sensing material. The electrical resistance change method has been applied for decades to detect carbon fiber breakages. As regards the measurement of applied strain, there is divergence of opinion amongst researchers about the piezoresistance of CFRP. This discrepancy is discussed in detail in this review. For monitoring damage such as delamination cracks, the electrical resistance change method can accurately estimate the location and dimension of the damage. This review also discusses electrical potential change and eddy current methods for monitoring CFRP composites.
Regulation of Mitochondria-dependent Apoptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Implications for Cancer Therapy (2007)

Summary The work described in this thesis focuses on the characterization of the mechanism(s) underlying the deregulated activation of the intrinsic or mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Apoptosis suppression might contribute to the chemoresistance often observed in NSCLC patients, and elucidation of the molecular causes of this resistance may provide clues for the development of targeted apoptosis-based therapies. In this introduction, lung cancer and current treatment regimens are described, and mechanisms responsible for chemoresistance, in particular towards cisplatin, are summarized. Furthermore, the major apoptotic pathways are presented, with a detailed description of the mitochondrial apoptotic route and its regulation by Bcl-2 family members and inhibitors of apoptosis. Finally, known mechanisms of apoptosis-dependent chemoresistance and innovative apoptosis-targeting strategies for cancer therapy are discussed.
The Diffusivity of Arsenic in Silicon (1962)

The diffusion coefficient of arsenic in silicon has been investigated over the temperature range of 1100°–1350°C using the formation of p‐n junctions to determine diffusion depths and concentrations. Diffusion coefficients are in good agreement with previously published data, but the diffusion equation
Gel Chromatography of Proteins in Denaturing Solvents (1970)

Abstract Reduced proteins in aqueous solutions of 6 m guanidine hydrochloride or sodium dodecyl sulfate assume conformations such that the hydrodynamic shape varies predictably with molecular weight. Consequently, gel chromatography can be used to determine both effective hydrodynamic radii and molecular weights of polypeptide chains in these solvents. Data obtained with the same support media in the two different solvent systems suggest that gel chromatography can be used as a substitute for other hydrodynamic measurements in the determination of gross conformation of proteins in these solvents.
Mechanistic insights into Bardet-Biedl syndrome, a model ciliopathy (2009)

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a multisystemic disorder typified by developmental and progressive degenerative defects. A combination of genetic, in vitro, and in vivo studies have highlighted ciliary dysfunction as a primary cause of BBS pathology, which has in turn contributed to the improved understanding of the functions of the primary cilium in humans and other vertebrates. Here we discuss the evidence linking the clinical BBS phenotype to ciliary defects, highlight how the genetic and cellular characteristics of BBS overlap with and inform other ciliary disorders, and explore the possible mechanistic underpinnings of ciliary dysfunction.
Dynamic Power Management by Combination of Dual Static Supply Voltages (2007)

Energy efficient computing is a first order design concern in portable devices. This paper describes a design approach that enables operation of a processor in various performance-energy modes. Depending on the workload and performance requirements, the processor can easily switch between these modes and save energy while still computing jobs in the required time. The proposed approach can also be used as an adaptive technique to compensate for process variation. We describe a feedback circuit to reduce power-performance spread due to process variation. We apply the adaptive technique to a 63-bit adder test circuit and show that the proposed method reduces the standard deviation of delay from 8.1% to 1.6%
The Biochemistry of Viruses (1978)

Preface 1. A brief history of virology 2. The principles of virus classification 3. Quantitative methods of assaying viruses 4. Purification of viruses 5. Architecture of viruses 6. The strategy of virus infection 7. Viruses and the biosphere Appendix Further reading Index.
Complex-coupled distributed feedback laser with negative differential coupling (1995)

A novel mechanism for creating a periodic gain is presented which can be used in the design of complex-coupled distributed feedback semiconductor lasers. A one-dimensional longitudinal analysis shows that this gain-coupling mechanism is characterized by negative differential coupling, which earlier reports have shown can offer the most significant reduction in the linewidth enhancement factor. A linewidth analysis predicts that the linewidth enhancement factor can be reduced by about a factor of 2 because of the negative differential coupling.
Load Balancing in Software Defined Mobile Networks (2015)

In this chapter, platforms and technologies for load balancing in software defined mobile networks are discussed. Starting from the load balancing technologies in legacy wireless networks, the main challenges existing in current load balancing technologies are elaborated. The need of novel load balancing technologies is presented followed by the proposed approaches and available platforms for load balancing in software defined mobile networks. The chapter is concluded with future directions and research challenges in load balancing technologies.
Solid-state NMR Reveals a Close Structural Relationship between Amyloid-β Protofibrils and Oligomers (2012)

We have studied tertiary contacts in protofibrils and mature fibrils of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides using solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Although intraresidue contacts between Glu-22 and Ile-31 were found in Aβ protofibrils, these contacts were completely absent in mature Aβ fibrils. This is consistent with the current models of mature Aβ fibrils. As these intramolecular contacts have also been reported in Aβ oligomers, our measurements suggest that Aβ protofibrils are structurally more closely related to oligomers than to mature fibrils. This suggests that some structural alterations have to take place on the pathway from Aβ oligomers/protofibrils to mature fibrils, in agreement with a model that suggests a conversion of intramolecular hydrogen-bonded structures of Aβ oligomers to the intermolecular stabilized mature fibrils (Hoyer, W., Grönwall, C., Jonsson, A., Ståhl, S., and Härd, T. (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105, 5099-5104).
Nutritional value and acceptability of homemade maize/sorghum-based weaning mixtures supplemented with <i>rojo</i> bean flour, ground sardines and peanut paste (2004)

Low nutrient density in weaning foods is the major cause of under-nutrition among infants and young children in developing countries. Ten types of composite weaning diets (namely, maize-rojo beans-peanut, maize-peanut-sardines, maize-peanut-sardine-rojo beans, maize-peanut-soaked rojo beans, maize-peanut-germinated rojo beans, sorghum-rojo beans-peanut, sorghum-peanut-sardines, sorghum-peanut-sardine-rojo beans, sorghum-peanut-soaked rojo beans, and sorghum-peanut-germinated rojo beans) were formulated and assayed for proximate composition, energy, mineral density, tannin content and residual urease activity. The diets were also evaluated for storage stability under ambient conditions, sensory quality and overall acceptability. Results of the study indicated that, concentrations of protein, fat, ash, calcium, iron, zinc and copper were significantly (P<0.05) increased when plain maize and sorghum gruels were enriched with rojo beans, peanut paste and/or ground sardines. Soaking and germinating the rojo beans and dehulling the sorghum reduced the concentration of tannins in the gruels significantly (P<0.05). Residual urease activity ranged between 0.00 and 0.07 units, about 10-fold lower than the maximum level (0.8 units) allowed in weaning foods. Both maize and sorghum-based composite gruels had a short shelf-life under ambient conditions (26.4 degrees C) ranging between 4 and 6 h, with gruels containing ground sardines showing a tendency to spoil faster. All composite gruels except those containing germinated rojo beans were highly liked and accepted by consumers (P<0.05), similar to the plain maize and sorghum gruels. The maize and sorghum-based composite products therefore have a potential for use as weaning and/or supplementary foods for older infants and young children. Further investigations are suggested to extend the shelf-life of the composite products and improve the organoleptic quality of the diets containing germinated rojo beans.
Resilient Health Care (2019)

Health care is everywhere under tremendous pressure with regard to efficiency, safety, and economic viability - to say nothing of having to meet various political agendas - and has responded by eagerly adopting techniques that have been useful in other industries, such as quality management, lean production, and high reliability. This has on the whole been met with limited success because health care as a non-trivial and multifaceted system differs significantly from most traditional industries. In order to allow health care systems to perform as expected and required, it is necessary to have concepts and methods that are able to cope with this complexity. Resilience engineering provides that capacity because its focus is on a system’s overall ability to sustain required operations under both expected and unexpected conditions rather than on individual features or qualities. Resilience engineering’s unique approach emphasises the usefulness of performance variability, and that successes and failures have the same aetiology. This book contains contributions from acknowledged international experts in health care, organisational studies and patient safety, as well as resilience engineering. Whereas current safety approaches primarily aim to reduce or eliminate the number of things that go wrong, Resilient Health Care aims to increase and improve the number of things that go right. Just as the WHO argues that health is more than the absence of illness, so does Resilient Health Care argue that safety is more than the absence of risk and accidents. This can be achieved by making use of the concrete experiences of resilience engineering, both conceptually (ways of thinking) and practically (ways of acting).
Polymorphic type inference for the named nested relational calculus (2007)

The named nested relational calculus is the canonical query language for the complex object database model and is equipped with a natural static type system. Given an expression in the language, without type declarations for the input variables, there is the problem of whether there are any input type declarations under which the expression is well-typed. Moreover, if there are, then which are they, and what is the corresponding output type for each of these? This problem is solved by a logic-based approach, and the decision problem is shown to be NP-complete.
METABOLIC EFFECTS OF 9-D-ARABINOSYLPURINES IN ASCITES TUMOR CELLS. (1964)

Spongoadenosine (9-β-d-arabinofuranosyladenine) was found to inhibit the growth of TA3 and 6C3HED ascites tumors. The growth of L1210 tumors was only slightly affected. Mice bearing implants of TA3 of 6C3HED cells, treated twice daily for 6 days with 25 mg/kg of arabinosyladenine, survived for more than 50 days, at which time they appeared to be tumor-free. Mice bearing L1210 cells survived only 11 per cent longer than did controls. Metabolic experiments using all three tumors demonstrated that the compound markedly reduced the incorporation of C14-labeled adenine, guanine, orotic acid, and glycine into the nucleic acids. The dominant effect was an inhibition of the utilization of precursors for DNA synthesis. Studies with arabinosyl-adenine-8-C14 in vivo indicated that the compound was readily phosphorylated to the triphosphate level from which arabinosylnucleotide was incorporated into the adenylic and guanylic acid components of RNA. No incorporation into DNA was observed with any of the tumors. Cleavage studies with the three tumors indicated that only L1210 cells were capable of cleaving the compound to a measurable extent. Treatment of TA3 and L1210 tumors with arabinosylguanine, at a lower but comparable level to arabinosyladenine, showed no significant difference in the relative effectiveness of the two compounds with respect to the incorporation of labeled precursors into the nucleic acids.
Rotationally symmetric construction optics for a waveguide focusing grating (1990)

Waveguide grating couplers have been under study as a method of focusing laser diode radiation on the surface of an optical data storage device. In this letter, we describe a simple method of holographically constructing a waveguide grating coupler at visible wavelengths which may be used with collimated infrared laser radiation to form high numerical aperture, diffraction limited beams. The design method includes the necessary compensation aberrations to offset the effects of differences between construction and end-use wavelengths.
Characterization of a Bifunctional Cellulase and Its Structural Gene (1995)

Bacillus sp. D04 secreted a bifunctional cellulase that had a molecular weight of 35,000. This cellulase degraded Cm-cellulose, cellotetraose, cellopentaose, p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-cellobioside, and avicel PH101. Based on the high performance liquid chromatography analysis of the degradation products, this cellulase randomly cleaved internal beta-1, 4-glycosidic bonds in cellotetraose and cellopentaose as an endoglucanase. It also hydrolyzed the aglycosidic bond in p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-cellobioside and cleaved avicel to cellobiose as an exoglucanase. Cellobiose competitively inhibited the p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-cellobioside degrading activity but not Cm-cellulose degrading activity. Ten mM p-chloromercuribenzoate inhibited p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-cellobioside degrading activity completely, but Cm-cellulose degrading activity incompletely. Cm-cellulose increased p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-cellobioside degrading activity, and vice versa, whereas methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-cellobiose strongly inhibited p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-cellobioside degrading activity. The cellulase gene (cel gene), 1461 base pairs, of Bacillus sp. D04 was cloned. The nucleotide sequence of the cel gene was highly homologous to those of Bacillus subtilis DLG and B. subtilis BSE616. The cel gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and its product was purified. The substrate specificity and substrate competition pattern of the purified recombinant cellulase were the same as those of the purified cellulase from Bacillus sp. D04. These results suggest that a single polypeptide cellulase had both endo- and exoglucanase activities and each activity exists in a separate site.
Use of bacteriophage typing to distinguish Propionibacterium acne types I and II (1978)

Strains of serotypes I and II of Propionibacterium were compared for phage sensitivity. The two serotypes could be distinguished by using a typing set consisting of 16 bacteriophages at concentrations that demonstrated selective lysis of serotype I or II bacterial strains. Seven phage types were found; three were composed exclusively of serotype I, and four were exclusively composed of serotype II organisms. Generally, serotype I strains were more sensitive to phage lysis than were serotype II strains. No correlation was found between phage type and site of isolation.
Novel Hydrazino-Carbonyl-Amino- Methylated Polystyrene (HCAM) Resin Methodology for the Synthesis of P<sub>1</sub>-Aldehyde Protease Inhibitor Candidates (1999)

[structure: see text] A new strategy for the synthesis of peptidyl and peptidomimetic P1-aldehydes 3 on HCAM solid support is described. The appropriate C-terminal aldehyde precursors were prepared and anchored to a resin support via a semicarbazone linkage (HCAM resin). After synthetic elaboration, acidic hydrolysis efficiently delivered C-terminal target aldehydes 3a-h in good overall yields and in excellent purity.
RADIATION CHEMISTRY OF ISOTACTIC AND ATACTIC POLYPROPYLENE. I. GAS EVOLUTION AND GEL STUDIES (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRADIATION CHEMISTRY OF ISOTACTIC AND ATACTIC POLYPROPYLENE. I. GAS EVOLUTION AND GEL STUDIESW. Schnabel and M. DoleCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1963, 67, 2, 295–299Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100796a019https://doi.org/10.1021/j100796a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views130Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts