gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interaction Between<i>Colletotrichum coccodes</i>and Thidiazuron for Control of Velvetleaf (<i>Abutilon theophrasti</i>) (1987)

Velvetleaf ( Abutilon theophrasti Medik. # ABUTH) is difficult to control with existing weed control strategies. Some measure of control can be obtained with a fungus, Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes, used as a bioherbicide, but when the bioherbicide application was combined with the plant growth regulator thidiazuron ( N -phenyl- N ′-1,2,3-thidiazol-5-yl-urea), weed control was substantially improved. Thidiazuron alone interfered with normal development of velvetleaf, causing stunting and initiation of axillary bud growth. Tank mix applications of C. coccodes and thidiazuron acted synergistically to increase velvetleaf mortality. When C. coccodes was applied 10 days after thidiazuron as a split application, weed control was less than for tank mix applications. However, two applications of C. coccodes plus thidiazuron were more effective than equivalent single tank mix applications. Under laboratory conditions, high concentrations of thidiazuron (2× field application rates) inhibited growth of C. coccodes , but at field application rates thidiazuron did not reduce disease development. Combinations of thidiazuron and C. coccodes may provide effective control of velvetleaf in the field.
Metabolism, incorporation into DNA, and interactions with 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine in human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60). (1988)

5-Hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (5HmdUrd) and 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ara-C) had a dose-dependent synergistic or antagonistic action on growth of human promyelocytic leukemic (HL-60) cells in suspension culture. For instance, in 3-day cultures, the cell number was reduced from 100% (with either 100 nM Ara-C or 10 microM 5HmdUrd alone) to 65% (with 100 nM Ara-C plus 10 microM 5HmdUrd), or from 35% (with 1.0 microM Ara-C alone) to 10% (with 1.0 microM Ara-C plus 10 microM 5HmdUrd), compared to the control cultures without drugs. 1.0 and 10 microM 5HmdUrd potentiated the incorporation of radioactive Ara-C (1.0 microM) into HL-60 cell nucleic acids in 2-day cultures by 56 and 64%, respectively. 5HmdUrd-induced enhancement of Ara-C incorporation is one explanation for the synergism of these two drugs. On the other hand, 10 nM Ara-C partially inhibited the toxicity of 100 microM 5HmdUrd. Radioactive 5HmdUrd was incorporated into DNA, but not RNA, the rate being 5% of that observed with thymidine. [3H]5HmdUrd-derived radioactivity remained stable in DNA for at least 24 h, indicating that the compound was not excised to a significant extent from DNA in these conditions. The incorporation of Ara-C and 5HmdUrd into DNA appeared to take place via different pathways, which is a second explanation for their synergism. Ara-C is the most important drug in the clinical chemotherapy of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. Experience with 5HmdUrd in experimental antileukemia chemotherapy has been promising. This novel combination of antileukemic agents merits further evaluation.
Reprogramming Retinal Pigment Epithelium to Differentiate Toward Retinal Neurons with <i>Sox2</i> (2009)

Guiding non-neural, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) to produce retinal neurons may offer a source of developing neurons for cell-replacement. Sox2 plays important roles in maintaining neural progenitor/stem cell properties and in converting fibroblasts into pluripotent stem cells. This study tests the possibility of using Sox2 to reprogram RPE to differentiate toward retinal neurons in vivo and in vitro. Expression of Sox2 in the chick retina was detected in progenitor cells, in cells at a discrete location in the layers of amacrine and ganglion cells, and in Muller glia. Overexpression of Sox2 in the developing eye resulted in hypopigmentation of the RPE. In the affected regions, expression of retinal ganglion cell markers became apparent in the RPE layer. In RPE cell culture, Sox2 promoted the expression of retinal ganglion and amacrine markers, and suppressed the expression of genes associated with RPE properties. Mechanistic investigation using the developing retina revealed a coexpression of Sox2 and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), a growth factor commonly used in stem cell culture and capable of inducing RPE-to-retina transdifferentiation (or reprogramming) during early development. Similar patterns of changes in Sox2 expression and in bFGF expression were observed in atrophic retina and in injured retina. In RPE cell culture, Sox2 and bFGF mutually enhanced one another's expression. Upregulation of bFGF expression by Sox2 also occurred in the retina. These results suggest that Sox2 can initiate a reprogramming of RPE cells to differentiate toward retinal neurons and may engage bFGF during the process.
Consensus-Degenerate Hybrid Oligonucleotide Primers for Amplification of Priming Glycosyltransferase Genes of the Exopolysaccharide Locus in Strains of the <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> Group (2003)

A primer design strategy named CODEHOP (consensus-degenerate hybrid oligonucleotide primer) for amplification of distantly related sequences was used to detect the priming glycosyltransferase (GT) gene in strains of the Lactobacillus casei group. Each hybrid primer consisted of a short 3' degenerate core based on four highly conserved amino acids and a longer 5' consensus clamp region based on six sequences of the priming GT gene products from exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing bacteria. The hybrid primers were used to detect the priming GT gene of 44 commercial isolates and reference strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L. casei, Lactobacillus zeae, and Streptococcus thermophilus. The priming GT gene was detected in the genome of both non-EPS-producing (EPS(-)) and EPS-producing (EPS(+)) strains of L. rhamnosus. The sequences of the cloned PCR products were similar to those of the priming GT gene of various gram-negative and gram-positive EPS(+) bacteria. Specific primers designed from the L. rhamnosus RW-9595M GT gene were used to sequence the end of the priming GT gene in selected EPS(+) strains of L. rhamnosus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Lactobacillus spp. form a distinctive group apart from other lactic acid bacteria for which GT genes have been characterized to date. Moreover, the sequences show a divergence existing among strains of L. rhamnosus with respect to the terminal region of the priming GT gene. Thus, the PCR approach with consensus-degenerate hybrid primers designed with CODEHOP is a practical approach for the detection of similar genes containing conserved motifs in different bacterial genomes.
Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of Protein Phosphorylation in Naive and Stimulated Mouse Synaptosomal Preparations (2006)

Activity-dependent protein phosphorylation is a highly dynamic yet tightly regulated process essential for cellular signaling. Although recognized as critical for neuronal functions, the extent and stoichiometry of phosphorylation in brain cells remain undetermined. In this study, we resolved activity-dependent changes in phosphorylation stoichiometry at specific sites in distinct subcellular compartments of brain cells. Following highly sensitive phosphopeptide enrichment using immobilized metal affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry, we isolated and identified 974 unique phosphorylation sites on 499 proteins, many of which are novel. To further explore the significance of specific phosphorylation sites, we used isobaric peptide labels and determined the absolute quantity of both phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated peptides of candidate phosphoproteins and estimated phosphorylation stoichiometry. The analyses of phosphorylation dynamics using differentially stimulated synaptic terminal preparations revealed activity-dependent changes in phosphorylation stoichiometry of target proteins. Using this method, we were able to differentiate between distinct isoforms of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) and identify a novel activity-regulated phosphorylation site on the glutamate receptor subunit GluR1. Together these data illustrate that mass spectrometry-based methods can be used to determine activity-dependent changes in phosphorylation stoichiometry on candidate phosphopeptides following large scale phosphoproteome analysis of brain tissue.
Diffusion of Metal in a Confined Nanospace of Carbon Nanotubes Induced by Air Oxidation (2010)

Air oxidation can result in the motion of metal confined in carbon nanotubes (CNTs). This can also be utilized to tailor various hybrid nanostructures. By controllable air-oxidation, as-prepared metal@CNT nanorods (a) can be converted first to core-shell-void nanorods (b), then to metal/metal oxide@CNT nanotubes (c), and finally to mesoporous metal oxide nanotubes (d). The metal/metal oxide@CNT nanotubes and mesoporous metal oxide nanotubes are expected to find many applications, such as in lithium ion batteries, catalysis, magnetic drug delivery, and gas sensing.
Efficient Polymer Solar Cells Based on M3EH−PPV (2005)

We report on polymer blend solar cells with an external quantum efficiency of more than 30% and a high overall energy conversion efficiency (ECE) under white light illumination (100 mW/cm2) of up to 1.7% using a blend of M3EH−PPV (poly[2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene-1,2-ethenylene-2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)−(1,4-phenylene-1,2-ethenylene)]) and CN−ether−PPV (poly[oxa-1,4-phenylene-1,2-(1-cyano)ethenylene-2,5-dioctyloxy-1,4-phenylene-1,2-(2-cyano)ethenylene-1,4-phenylene]). We attribute these high efficiencies to the formation of a vertically composition graded structure during spin coating. Photoluminescence measurements performed on the blend layers indicated the formation of exciplexes between both types of polymers, which we propose to be one factor preventing even higher efficiencies.
Longevity of Balloon-stabalized Skin-level Gastrostomy Devive (2004)

Although the Mic-Key button has the advantage of an easy insertion, its major limitation is the high frequency of inner balloon rupture, which was the primary main reason for removal.
A deep representation for depth images from synthetic data (2017)

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) trained on large scale RGB databases have become the secret sauce in the majority of recent approaches for object categorization from RGB-D data. Thanks to colorization techniques, these methods exploit the filters learned from 2D images to extract meaningful representations in 2.5D. Still, the perceptual signature of these two kind of images is very different, with the first usually strongly characterized by textures, and the second mostly by silhouettes of objects. Ideally, one would like to have two CNNs, one for RGB and one for depth, each trained on a suitable data collection, able to capture the perceptual properties of each channel for the task at hand. This has not been possible so far, due to the lack of a suitable depth database. This paper addresses this issue, proposing to opt for synthetically generated images rather than collecting by hand a 2.5D large scale database. While being clearly a proxy for real data, synthetic images allow to trade quality for quantity, making it possible to generate a virtually infinite amount of data. We show that the filters learned from such data collection, using the very same architecture typically used on visual data, learns very different filters, resulting in depth features (a) able to better characterize the different facets of depth images, and (b) complementary with respect to those derived from CNNs pre-trained on 2D datasets. Experiments on two publicly available databases show the power of our approach.
An 8-year Analysis of Magnesium Status in Elite International Track & Field Athletes (2019)

Magnesium plays a critical role in athlete health and performance. It is involved in numerous physiological mechanisms that support energy production, immune function, pain modulation, muscle function and bone health. Athletes may be susceptible to magnesium deficiency due to an increased utilization during exercise.<b>Objective:</b> This study reports on the magnesium status of 192 Olympic and Paralympic athletes over the course of eight years.<b>Methods:</b> Athletes on the British Athletics world class performance plan undertook blood testing for Red Cell Magnesium status. Their history of tendon pain, muscle and bone injury, ethnicity, sporting event and gender were also recorded. 510 samples from 192 athletes were included in the study.<b>Results:</b> On at least one blood test during the study time, 22% of athletes were identified as clinically deficient (<1.19 mmol/L). The average red cell magnesium concentration was 1.34 nmol/L. Magnesium was significantly lower in female athletes and those with Black or Mixed-Race ethnicity and was higher in Throws athletes and Paralympians with Cerebral Palsy. Athletes with a history of achilles or patella tendon pain had significantly lower magnesium levels than average.<b>Conclusions:</b> This study highlights the importance of investigating magnesium within this population to identify deficiency and support athlete health. Several areas for future work are identified to explore the relationship between magnesium and gender, ethnicity and tendon pain and muscle injury in athletes. Furthermore, new guidelines for magnesium status within athletics populations are proposed.
Concentration of Antipneumococcal Antibodies as a Serological Correlate of Protection: An Application to Acute Otitis Media (2004)

The results challenge the view that a new vaccine candidate should always induce antibody concentrations that are not inferior to those produced by the licensed vaccine. Furthermore, the differences between serotypes caution against defining a common correlate of protection that is applicable to all serotypes.
High-Sensitivity Enzyme Immunoassay for C-Reactive Protein in Dried Blood Spots (2004)

C-Reactive protein (CRP), the prototypical acute-phase protein, is produced by liver hepatocytes and regulated by cytokines, particularly interleukin-6 (1)(2). Circulating concentrations of CRP indicate inflammatory activity, and the recent development of highly sensitive CRP assays (3)(4)(5) has led to the discovery that slight increases in CRP (>1–2 mg/L) are indicative of low-grade inflammatory processes that may be related to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. More than a dozen population-based studies have demonstrated that increased CRP is an independent risk factor for future cardiovascular disease, with adjusted odds ratios >2.0 (6)(7)(8)(9). The American Heart Association and the CDC have recommended measurements of CRP in clinical practice and called for additional population-based research (10).

A potential obstacle to the measurement of CRP (as well as other biomarkers) in large epidemiologic, community-based studies is the requirement for venous blood. Venipuncture is a relatively invasive procedure that must be performed by a trained phlebotomist (usually in a clinical setting), and it requires readily accessible facilities where blood samples can be promptly processed and stored under controlled conditions. Assays using whole blood dried on filter paper may provide a viable alternative: Several community-based applications have shown this to be a convenient and reliable means to facilitate sample collection, storage, and transportation, and laboratory methods have been validated for a growing number of analytes (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). “Guthrie papers” have been a core component of US hospital-based newborn-screening programs since the 1960s and are subject to a rigorous quality-control program (17).

Samples can be collected on filter paper easily by nonmedical personnel: The patient’s finger is pricked with a sterile, disposable lancet (commonly used by diabetics), and up to five drops of blood (∼50 …
EOR by CO2 Emulsions Better Sweep Efficiency and Improved Recovery (2016)

Abstract Carbon dioxide (CO2) flooding projects have shown a large potential for recovering additional oil beyond waterflooding, but in many cases this process is handicapped, especially in thick reservoirs, by CO2 gravity override. Different methods have been used to overcome the CO2 gravity override by either increasing CO2 density, viscosity, or reducing its relative permeability. Reducing the relative permeability of CO2 by the water alternate with gas process has received much experimental and theoretical attention. Although this method helps to control fingering, it also introduces gravity segregation issues. An alternative approach to reduce the mobility is to disperse CO2 as a foam or as an emulsion in a continuous aqueous liquid phase. This paper provides some data and results for a new emulsion system that behaves as a conformance control agent, and also to enhance the recovery of oil following water and CO2 floods. The CO2 emulsion system used in this study consists of 70 vol% supercritical CO2 (sc-CO2), 30 vol% of water-based polysaccharide linear polymer and a foaming agent (surfactant). This new emulsion system has the ability to be created in situ to provide better mobility control of the injected CO2. Special parallel dual coreflooding experiments were conducted using live oil at reservoir conditions to investigate the effectiveness of the CO2 emulsion system in conformance control and enhancing oil recovery. Several experiments were conducted to explore the effect of the injection rate, injection mode and slug volume on incremental oil recovery using dual core carbonate composite stacks with permeability contrasts up to 60 based on brine permeability. Results based on this study show the CO2 emulsion's ability to significantly reduce permeability of the higher permeable cores resulting in enhancement of incremental oil recovery from the lower permeable cores. The majority of oil was recovered from the high permeability core during the initial water and CO2 flooding when both cores were placed in parallel. The oil recovery from the low permeable cores by waterflooding was similar to that of the high permeability core, but significantly less during the first CO2 flood. After a slug of CO2 emulsion was injected that blocked the high permeability core, it resulted in 21% incremental oil recovery from the low permeability core during a second CO2 injection. The results demonstrate the improvement in both areal and vertical sweep efficiencies by CO2 emulsions by stabilizing viscous fingering and gravity override issues. The results bode well for scale up for a field trial.
Intramolecular arene-alkyne photocycloadditions (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular arene-alkyne photocycloadditionsMichael C. PirrungCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 8, 1635–1637Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00384a057https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00384a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views449Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Magnetic thin film inductors for integrated circuit applications (1979)

It is extremely difficult to fabricate small air-core inductors of sufficiently high inductance and Q for integrated-circuit applications due to the large number of turns required. Although the need for passive inductors can be circumvented by means of active filters at lower frequencies, such substitutes are difficult to realize at frequencies above 100 MHz. To drastically reduce the number of turns required thus rendering the fabrication of IC inductors feasible, we used anisotropic magnetic film cores of permeability as high as 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> . In this paper, the design and fabrication of such inductors are discussed along with experimental results on their inductance.
Design Methodology for Microelectromechanical Systems. Case Study: Torsional Scanner Mirror (2006)

Future optical microsystems, such as microelectromechanical system (MEMS) scanners and micromirrors, will extend the resolution and sensitivity offered by their predecessors. These systems face the challenge of achieving nanometer precision subjected to various disturbances. Predicting the performance of such systems early in the design process can significantly impact the design cost and also improve the quality of the design. Our approach aims to predict the performance of such systems under various disturbance sources and develop a generalized design approach for MEMS structures. In this study, we used ANSYS for modeling and dynamic analysis of a torsional MEMS scanner mirror. ANSYS modal analysis results, which are eigenvalues (natural frequencies) and eigenvectors (mode shapes), are used to obtain the state-space representation of the mirror. The state-space model of the scanner mirror was reduced using various reduction techniques to eliminate the states that are insignificant for the transfer functions of interest. The results of these techniques were compared to obtain the best approach to obtain a lower order model that still contains all the relevant dynamics of the original model. After the model size is reduced significantly, a disturbance analysis is performed using Lyapunov approach to obtain root-mean-square values of the mirror rotation angle under the effect of a disturbance torque. The magnitude levels of the disturbance torque are obtained using an experimental procedure. The disturbance analysis framework is combined with the sensitivity analysis to determine the critical design parameters for optimizing the system performance.
수배전반용 적층천연고무 면진장치에 대한 해석적 연구 (2016)

본 연구에서는 지진 발생시 수배전반용 적층천연고무 면진장치의 동적거동 특성을 예측하기 위해 시스템을 모델링하여 동적해석을 수행하였다. 개발된 해석모델을 검증하기 위하여, 적층천연고무 면진 장치를 적용한 수배전반의 3차원 진동대 실험을 수행하였고 그 결과를 비교분석하였다.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Dihydroxy‐Substituted Aminoxyl Spin Label and Its Crown Ether and Cyclic Diester Derivatives. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.