gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discovering Altered Genomic Expression Patterns in Heart: Transcriptome Determination by Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (2001)

The development of cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure involve functional changes that are beneficial short-term, but may be fatal long-term. Current therapeutic approaches are tailored to limit progression of a disease and to maintain quality of life. At a molecular level, these disease processes involve quantitative and qualitative changes in gene expression. Although some changes in mRNA abundance may not have direct protein correlates, analysis of all the mRNAs present in a cell population (the cells transcriptome) has become a focal point of genomic research. The aim is to provide information about the dynamics of total genome expression in response to environmental changes and point to candidate genes responsible for the cascade of events that result in a disease state. One way of performing these analyses utilizes the technique of Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE). This method evaluates thousands of expressed transcripts both quantitatively and qualitatively in a single assay. In the first of two reviews on transcriptome analysis, we describe the current state of genomic research for determination of the transcriptome by Serial Analysis of Gene Expression, present the first limited SAGE analysis of rodent heart gene expression, and discuss how results generated with this approach can be applied to the study and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Before and After Comparison of LRO and TV of Rotors After Low Temperature Gas Nitriding and Polymer Coat for Increased Corrosion Life (2000)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Hayes Lemmerz has published in previous papers (<span class="xref">Ref-1</span>, <span class="xref">2</span> &amp; <span class="xref">3</span>), the method to low temperature nitride and polymer coat cast iron rotors to provide increased corrosion life, wear resistance and reduction in brake noise. We have, in this paper, investigated the two key dimensions of the rotor before and after the Nitriding Process. Low temperature (1050 degrees F) nitride finish machined rotors have to be handled in a special support fixture to prevent a change in thickness variation (TV) and lateral runout (LRO). Hayes Lemmerz has developed methods to keep LRO and TV in the print specification after the Nitriding and polymer coat process. The parts are made to extremely tight LRO and TV tolerances so that Nitriding done on such rotors, the dimensions of the rotors do not exceed print specification.</div>
Fast segment search for corpus-based speech enhancement based on speech recognition technology (2014)

Corpus-based speech enhancement has received increasing attention recently since it shows high enhancement performance in highly non-stationary noisy environments by precisely modeling the long-term temporal dynamics of speech. However, it has a disadvantage in that the cost is very high for searching the longest matching clean speech segments from a multi-condition parallel speech corpus. This paper proposes a fast segment search method for corpus-based speech enhancement. It is mainly based on two techniques derived from speech recognition technology. The first is an A* search like segment evaluation function for accurately finding the longest matching segments. The second is a tree and linear connected search space for efficiently sharing the segment likelihood calculations. In the experiments for non-stationary noisy observations using the 26 multi-condition TIMIT parallel speech corpus, the proposed search method found the segments almost in real-time without degrading the quality of the enhanced speech. Our method was about 7 to 13 times faster than the conventional segment search method.
Morphological Changes of Rat Follicular Cells as Influenced by Oocytes (1971)

Ovaries from immature rats were dispersed by enzyme treatment combined with shaking. A method is described which allows to set up two types of cultures of follicle cells, some of which contain many oocytes, while others contain none or only a few ova. On day 1 of culture the follicle cells in both types of culture look similar and resemble granulosa cells. After 2 or more days of culture the egg-rich cultures continue to maintain cell populations which resemble granulosa cells, while the egg-poor ones differentiate into cell populations, a number of which strongly resemble lutein cells. Furthermore, follicle cells contiguous to oocytes maintain their granulosa-like appearance after prolonged culture period while those farthest away from oocytes show signs of luteinization. It is postulated on the basis of this research that the oocyte may secrete a substance which prevents luteinization of follicle cells or, as a second alternative, that the oocyte metabolizes a factor causing luteinization. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Computational geometry in C (1999)

The first edition of this book is recognised as one of the definitive sources on the subject of Computational Geometry. In fact, O'Rourke has a long history in the field, has published many papers on the subject and is responsible for the computer graphics algorithms newsgroup which is where all computer geometers meet to discuss their ideas and problems. Typical problems discussed include how a polygon can be represented, how to calculate its area, how to detect if two polygons intersect and how to calculate the convex hull of a polygon. This leads onto more complex issues such as motion planning and seeing if a robot is able navigate from point x to point y without bumping into objects. The algorithms for these (and other) problems are discussed and many are implemented. In addition, many of the ideas are also discussed from the point of view of three and more dimensions. The only disappointment is that many problems are posed as questions at the end of the chapters and, as far as I could see, you cannot get the answers in the forms of a lecturer's supplement. This is fine in academia but not a lot of use for the commercial world. Due to the range of problems that incorporate computational geometry this book cannot be expected to answer every problem you might have. You will undoubtedly need access to other textbooks but I have been using the first edition of this book for many years and the second edition is a welcome addition to my bookshelf. If I was only allowed one computational geometry book then it would undoubtedly be this one.
Disease Biomarkers in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with First-Onset Psychosis (2006)

Our results suggest that the application of modern proteomics techniques, particularly mass spectrometric approaches, holds the potential to advance the understanding of the biochemical basis of psychiatric disorders and may in turn allow for the development of diagnostics and improved therapeutics. Further studies are required to validate the clinical effectiveness and disease specificity of the identified biomarkers.
Online fingerprint template improvement (2002)

This work proposes a technique that improves fingerprint templates by merging and averaging minutiae of multiple fingerprints. The weighted averaging scheme enables the template to change gradually with time in line with changes of the skin and imaging conditions. The recursive nature of the algorithm greatly reduces the storage and computation requirements of this technique. As a result, the proposed template improvement procedure can be performed online during the fingerprint verification process. Extensive experimental studies demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.
Why software hangs and what can be done with it (2010)

Software hang is an annoying behavior and forms a major threat to the dependability of many software systems. To avoid software hang at the design phase or fix it in production runs, it is desirable to understand its characteristics. Unfortunately, to our knowledge, there is currently no comprehensive study on why software hangs and how to deal with it. In this paper, we study the reported hang-related bugs of four typical open-source software applications, aiming to gain insight into characteristics of software hang and provide some guidelines to fix them at the first place or remedy them in production runs.
Pro domo (1993)

No se trata aquí de una investigación, de una encuesta como la que está llevando a cabo Enrique Florescano, ni de un experimento de laboratorio como el que emprendió Pierre Nora. Por cierto, Pierre Nora es directamente responsable (involuntario) de este libro, con la complicidad de Marisol Loaeza, quien sirvió de truchimán. Ella me dijo un día: “¿Por qué no se ha hecho en México, con los historiadores, un libro como el que hizo Pierre Nora?” “¿Cuál?”, le contesté, confesando mi ignorancia. El...
Multicolor electroluminescent devices using doped ZnS nanocrystals (2004)

Alternate-current electroluminescent (ac EL) devices based on doped ZnS nanocrystals emitting blue, green, and orange-red colors are reported. ZnS nanocrystals doped with Cu+–Al3+ and Cu+–Al3+–Mn2+ combinations were synthesized by wet chemical method at room temperature. The ZnS:Cu+, Al3+ nanocrystals show blue (462 nm) and green (530 nm) EL emissions depending upon the presence and absence of sulphur vacancies, respectively. The orange EL emission (590 nm) is realized from ZnS:Cu+, Al3+, Mn2+ nanoparticles by way of nonradiative energy transfer from AlZn–CuZn pairs to MnZn. The EL devices show low turn-on voltage of ∼10 V ac @100 Hz. The mechanism of ac EL in ZnS nanocrystals has been explained wherein the excitation is attributed to the electric-field-assisted injection of electron-hole pairs from the surface regions into the interiors and their subsequent recombination therein causes emission.
Immunodiagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. (1990)

Development of immunoassays for the diagnosis of RCC offers significant promise of improved clinical treatment of this disease. While this promise remains to be fulfilled, there is reason to believe that advances will soon be forthcoming. MABs have defined numerous kidney-associated antigens. In at least one instance (ADAbp), an immunoassay has already been established that aids in the diagnosis of benign renal diseases. A similar approach may also be useful in renal cancer. Likewise, in at least one instance a previously undefined peptide (the HHM factor) has been closed and sequenced. Synthesis of this peptide and production of antibodies to it cannot be far off. Measurement of this peptide and/or of the many other aberrantly produced peptides associated with this cancer may be anticipated to improve substantially our ability to diagnose early and, therefore, cure renal cancer.
Nonparametric regression sinogram smoothing using a roughness-penalized Poisson likelihood objective function (2000)

We develop and investigate an approach to tomographic image reconstruction in which nonparametric regression using a roughness-penalized Poisson likelihood objective function is used to smooth each projection independently prior to reconstruction by unapodized filtered backprojection (FBP). As an added generalization, the roughness penalty is expressed in terms of a monotonic transform, known as the link function, of the projections. The approach is compared to shift-invariant projection filtering through the use of a Hanning window as well as to a related nonparametric regression approach that makes use of an objective function based on weighted least squares (WLS) rather than the Poisson likelihood. The approach is found to lead to improvements in resolution-noise tradeoffs over the Hanning filter as well as over the WLS approach. We also investigate the resolution and noise effects of three different link functions: the identity, square root, and logarithm links. The choice of link function is found to influence the resolution uniformity and isotropy properties of the reconstructed images. In particular, in the case of an idealized imaging system with intrinsically uniform and isotropic resolution, the choice of a square root link function yields the desirable outcome of essentially uniform and isotropic resolution in reconstructed images, with noise performance still superior to that of the Hanning filter as well as that of the WLS approach.
Soft magnetism, magnetostriction, and microwave properties of FeGaB thin films (2007)

A series of (Fe100−yGay)1−xBx (x=0–21 and y=9–17) films were deposited; their microstructure, soft magnetism, magnetostrictive behavior, and microwave properties were investigated. The addition of B changes the FeGaB films from polycrystalline to amorphous phase and leads to excellent magnetic softness with coercivity &lt;1Oe, high 4πMs, self-biased ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency of 1.85GHz, narrow FMR linewidth (X band) of 16–20Oe, and a high saturation magnetostriction constant of 70ppm. The combination of these properties makes the FeGaB films potential candidates for tunable magnetoelectric microwave devices and other rf/microwave magnetic device applications.
A new reconstruction approach for reflection mode diffraction tomography (2000)

Reflection mode diffraction tomography (RM DT) is an inversion scheme used to reconstruct the acoustical refractive index distribution of a scattering object. In this work, we reveal the existence of statistically complementary information inherent in the backscattered data and propose reconstruction algorithms that exploit this information for achieving a bias-free reduction of image variance in RM DT images. Such a reduction of image variance can potentially enhance the detectability of subtle image features when the signal-to-noise ratio of the measured scattered data is low in RM DT. The proposed reconstruction algorithms are mathematically identical, but they propagate noise and numerical errors differently. We investigate theoretically, and validate numerically, the noise properties of images reconstructed using one of the reconstruction algorithms for several different multifrequency sources and uncorrelated data noise.
Successful preoperative treatment of a Graves' disease patient with agranulocytosis and hemophagocytosis using double filtration plasmapheresis (2011)

Agranulocytosis is an uncommon but serious complication of Graves' disease under thionamide therapy. In some patients removal of circulating thyroid hormones and thyroid antibodies by plasmapheresis is an effective adjunctive therapeutic option. In perioperative settings, however, plasmapheresis may cause excess bleeding intraoperatively due to coagulation factor depletion unless fresh frozen plasma (FFP) products are used in the replacement fluid mix. Double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in which only a small amount of albumin supplementation is used may be a potential alternative to conventional apheresis interventions where clotting factor depletion is problematic. We report a case of a patient with Graves' disease complicated with intravenous immunoglobulin responsive methimazole-induced agranulocytosis/hemophagocytosis who underwent successful preoperative DFPP treatment in preparation for thyriodectomy. In addition to conventional apheresis using FFP replacement, DFPP may offer an effective adjunct option in the management of hyperthyroid patients needing emergent surgical interventions.
Efficient management of privacy issues in mobile cloud environment (2015)

Mobile application developers and users can feel a direct advantage within mobile based cloud computing for overcoming the inherent constraints present in mobile devices - be it battery life, memory space or processing power. However, ubiquitous adoption of programmable smart mobile devices and connecting them to unsecured public domain of Internet raises newer privacy and security challenges across enterprises. Both mobile and cloud environment where sensitive personal data can be stored, are susceptible to security attacks that can compromise users' data privacy. Smartphones and Tablets are not only storing users' private data but also the private data of the collaborators including friends, family members, customers, vendors or any other individual. The private data of other involvers are primarily communicated, received and stored in address book, SMS, WhatsApp, emails of the users' Smartphone. We have identified several privacy plus security threats. In the backdrop of services and support of open source platform, we have enumerated existing best practices and our recommendations as preventive as well as measures on occurrence.
Cationic Palladium η<sup>3</sup>-Allyl Complexes with Hemilabile P,O-Ligands:  Synthesis and Reactivity. Insertion of Ethylene into the Pd−Allyl Function (1996)

Cationic palladium allyl complexes [(η3-C3H5)Pd(κ2P∧O)]+SbF6- (2[SbF6], P∧O ≡ Ph2P(CH2)2C(O)OEt; 3[SbF6], o-Ph2PC6H4C(O)OEt; 4[SbF6], Ph2P(CH2)2P(O)Ph2) have been prepared. In all complexes the oxygen donor can be displaced by other ligands such as carbon monoxide and ethylene. Displacement of an ester donor occurs much more readily than displacement of the phosphine oxide function. Above 0 °C, the resulting ethylene complexes [(η3-C3H5)Pd(C2H4)(κ1P∼O)]+ react to give (1,2,5-η3)-pent-1-en-5-yl complexes [(H2CCH(CH2)3Pd(κ2P∧O)]+. A rate constant of e.g. k(17 °C) = (2.27 ± 0.11) × 10-4 s-1 was determined for P,O ≡ Ph2P(CH2)2C(O)OEt by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Using 2−4 as catalyst precursors for ethylene dimerization, the allyl moiety is ultimately cleaved from the metal center as 1,4-pentadiene.
A New Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Device (1991)

While continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is being increasingly employed for many forms of acute respiratory failure and postoperative hypoxaemia, most CPAP systems are either 'home made' or incorporated in sophisticated ventilators used in intensive care units. This paper describes the development of a continuous low flow CPAP system using a large latex reservoir bag and venturi generated positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). The system has been successfully used for over twelve months in the general wards, the intensive care unit, accident and emergency department, the recovery ward and the coronary care unit.
Hydrophilic Modifications of an Amphiphilic Polynorbornene and the Effects on its Hemolytic and Antibacterial Activity (2009)

Here we report the modification of an amphiphilic antibacterial polynorbornene, Poly3, via incorporation of hydrophilic, biocompatible groups. The sugar, zwitterionic, and polyethylene glycol based moieties were incorporated in varying ratios by copolymerization and postpolymerization techniques. Well-defined copolymers with molecular weights of 3 kDa and narrow polydispersity indices ranging from 1.08 to 1.15 were obtained. The effects of these modifications on the biological activity of these polymers were analyzed by determining their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and their hemolytic activities (HC50).
The octanol–water partition coefficient of aromatic solutes: the effect of electronic interactions, alkyl chains, hydrogen bonds, and ortho-substitution (1983)

The calculation from structure of the hydrophobic parameter, log P(octanol–water), involves the addition of fragment values (or of π constants to parent log P) plus correction factors for interactions not present in the standard state from which the f or π values were determined. In this paper the important correction factors for multply substituted aromatic solutes are classified as: electronic, negative ortho, hydrogen bonding, and alkyl–aryl. The electronic factor Fσ is best treated as a continuous function in a manner similar to Hammett's ρσ product. Both field and resonance components appear to be present in the electronic effect. σ and ρ values for 50 substituents are reported in a generalized structural form which makes possible estimation of many others. While the other factors F0,FHB, and Fαφ are probably continuous functions also, they are conveniently treated as ‘quantized’. Calculated in this way, the standard deviation for nearly 400 solutes amounts to less than twice the estimated error in their measurement, and thus a more precise estimation of these effects is unwarranted at this time. The overall equation is: observed log P= additive log P+ρσ– 0.29F0+ 0.63FHB– 0.15Fαφ.
Polyol mixture supplementation as a sweetener and/or feed additive in the diet of piglets (1981)

In a 2 X 2 factorial experiment the use of polyol mixture (sugar alcohols) in the diet of piglets was investigated by comparing it to sucrose as a sweetener or to growth promoter olaquindox. In the experiment 80 litters, eight or more piglets per litter, were allotted four dietary treatments: sucrose 4 %(1), sucrose 4% + olaquindox 50 mg/kg feed (2), polyol 8 %, 4 % DM (3) and polyol 8 % + olaquindox 50mg/kg feed (4). Creep feed was offered from one week’s age. The post weaning feeding period was from 5 to 7 weeks’ age. The litter size was 9.9 piglets on average. The mortality of piglets was 11.2%, 8.4 %, 8.8 % and 6.4 % in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 during the experimental period 7—49 d. After weaning the groups receiving growth promoter grew significantly(P
The role of inflammation in experimental cerebral vasospasm (1990)

The short-term (less than or equal to 72-hour) cerebral vascular reaction to subarachnoid injectates of various specific blood components was determined by angiography in a canine model of cerebral vasospasm. Cell-free subarachnoid clots of autologous plasma in the basal cistern were found to produce no significant reaction of the basilar artery, while whole-blood clots induced a small (15%) chronic constriction after 24 hours. Because the plasma clots were not well retained in the basal cistern, however, small beads (dextran or latex) were added to stabilize them. Injection of beads and plasma led to moderate-to-severe chronic vasoconstriction (35% to 40%) with rapid onset. Control experiments demonstrated that these foreign bodies (beads) alone induced this vascular reaction. Histological examination showed that severe inflammation followed the introduction of subarachnoid beads. The experiments demonstrate that inflammation alone, in the absence of other processes associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage, may induce persistent and severe cerebroarterial constriction and raises the possibility that inflammation in response to subarachnoid blood may play a role in clinical vasospasm.
Synthesis of inositol polyphosphates. (1989)

Synthesis of optically active D-myo-inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate (Ins (1, 4, 5) P3), and its metabolites, Ins (1, 3, 4) P3, Ins (1, 2-cyclic, 4, 5) P3, and Ins (1, 3, 4, 5) P4 which are involved in an intracellular signal transduction system were accomplished starting from myo-inositol.In the process of these synthesis, two phosphorylation methods of vicinal diols and sterically hindered alcohols were devised. That is, combination of tetrabenzyl pyrophosphate and butyllithium was found to be an efficient phosphorylation reagent. The other is the stepwise phosphorylation which employs phosphorus trichloride, benzyl alcohol, and t-butyl hydroperoxide successively.For the optical resolution, diastereomeric menthoxyacetic esters and chiral column were effectively employed.
Single Quantum Dots in Silica Spheres by Microemulsion Synthesis (2005)

A new method for the preparation of single quantum dots (QDs) in silica spheres has been developed. The work involves an oil-in-water microemulsion system with cyclohexane as the “oil” phase and Synperonic NP-5 as the surfactant. Reaction parameters such as reactant concentrations, time, and temperature were studied. The method resulted in smooth silica nanoparticles of good monodispersity and high luminescence with single QDs in the center. Elucidating the coating mechanism was attempted. Possible mechanisms include a phase transfer by ligand exchange and a surfactant-supported mechanism. In contrast to sol−gel based methods, this is a straightforward, simple “one-pot” synthesis for such particles. The resulting nanoparticles could be used for further silica growth and assembly of photonic structures, for biolabeling, or for other applications.