gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pyrazine Diuretics. III. 5- and 6-Alkyl, -Cycloalkyl, and -Aryl Derivatives of N-Amidino-3-aminopyrazinecarboxamides (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrazine Diuretics. III. 5- and 6-Alkyl, -Cycloalkyl, and -Aryl Derivatives of N-Amidino-3-aminopyrazinecarboxamidesJohn B. Bicking, Charles M. Robb, Sara F. Kwong, and Edward J. CragoeCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1967, 10, 4, 598–602Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00316a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00316a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views229Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bcl-2 expression predicts sensitivity to chemotherapy in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2013)

The results of the present meta-analysis suggest that Bcl-2 expression is a predictive factor for chemotherapy sensitivity in breast cancer patients. They could also potentially benefit further clinical treatment for breast cancers.
A POSITIVE CROSSMATCH IN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION-NO EFFECT OR INAPPROPRIATE ANALYSIS? (1997)

Early graft loss may be increased in those recipients who are crossmatch positive. However, the logistical problems and consequences associated with allocation probably outweigh the benefits of prospective crossmatching.
Proteasome Inhibitors Cause Induction of Heat Shock Proteins and Trehalose, Which Together Confer Thermotolerance in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1998)

An accumulation in cells of unfolded proteins is believed to be the common signal triggering the induction of heat shock proteins (hsps). Accordingly, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, inhibition of protein breakdown at 30 degrees C with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 caused a coordinate induction of many heat shock proteins within 1 to 2 h. Concomitantly, MG132, at concentrations that had little or no effect on growth rate, caused a dramatic increase in the cells' resistance to very high temperature. The magnitude of this effect depended on the extent and duration of the inhibition of proteolysis. A similar induction of hsps and thermotolerance was seen with another proteasome inhibitor, clasto-lactacystin beta-lactone, but not with an inhibitor of vacuolar proteases. Surprisingly, when the reversible inhibitor MG132 was removed, thermotolerance decreased rapidly, while synthesis of hsps continued to increase. In addition, exposure to MG132 and 37 degrees C together had synergistic effects in promoting thermotolerance but did not increase hsp expression beyond that seen with either stimulus alone. Although thermotolerance did not correlate with hsp content, another thermoprotectant trehalose accumulated upon exposure of cells to MG132, and the cellular content of this disaccharide, unlike that of hsps, quickly decreased upon removal of MG132. Also, MG132 and 37 degrees C had additive effects in causing trehalose accumulation. Thus, the resistance to heat induced by proteasome inhibitors is not just due to induction of hsps but also requires a short-lived metabolite, probably trehalose, which accumulates when proteolysis is reduced.
Overview of variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE): I. Basic theory and typical applications (1999)

Variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) is important for metrology in several industries, and is a powerful technique for research on new materials and processes. Sophisticated instrumentation and software for VASE data acquisition and analysis is available for the most demanding research applications, while simple to use software enables the use of VASE for routine measurements as well. This article gives a basic introduction to the theory of ellipsometry, references “classic” papers, and shows typical VASE applications. In the following companion paper, more advanced applications are discussed.
Optimization in GCC (2005)

Let's first look at how GCC categorizes optimizations and how a developer can control which are used and, sometimes more important, which are not. A large variety of optimizations are provided by GCC. Most are categorized into one of three levels, but some are provided at multiple levels. Some optimizations reduce the size of the resulting machine code, while others try to create code that is faster, potentially increasing its size. For completeness, the default optimization level is zero, which provides no optimization at all. This can be explicitly specified with option -O or -O0.
DNA ploidy and karyotype in recurrent and metastatic soft tissue sarcomas. (1992)

To study mechanisms involved in evolution of soft tissue sarcomas, we compared DNA ploidy and karyotypes at different stages of their disease in two patients with myxoid liposarcomas (MLS), one with a fibrosarcoma (FS), and two with rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS). None of the MLS samples revealed clearcut histologic changes in later samples as compared to their primaries, and the DNA ploidy in all samples was diploid. In one patient karyotypes at four different times during the 19 yr of his disease all revealed a t(11;12) (p15;q13), but additional clonal chromosomal abnormalities occurred only in later recurrences. In another patient the karyotypes obtained in the 26th and 28th yr of his disease were similar and included the t(12;16) (q13;p11), characteristic of MLS. A comparison with karyotypes of six other MLS patients at different disease stages suggests that the presence of a t(12;16) may correlate with less aggressive clinical behavior. The histology of the FS remained low-grade and the DNA ploidy diploid. The karyotype, however, showed evolution. In both MLS and FS, chromosomal changes thus seem to be a more sensitive marker for tumor progression than histologic changes or DNA ploidy. In one embryonal RMS, karyotypes obtained 7 and 11 yr after the primary diagnosis were different but clearly had a common "progenitor." In one alveolar RMS, the primary and the synchronous lung and lymph node metastases all revealed a t(2;13). The findings in RMS suggest that polyploidization is an early event in tumor evolution, especially in the alveolar subtype, which may be followed by additional chromosomal changes. In addition, DNA ploidy was measured in eight other RMSs. Among the RMSs the embryonal subtype was characterized by DNA aneuploidy, whereas three of the alveolar cases were in the tetraploid range and one was peridiploid. In local recurrences and in metastases changes in DNA index were observed in half the cases.
Regulatory Roles of the Ligand for Flk2/Flt3 Tyrosine Kinase Receptor on Human Hematopoiesis (1996)

The biological activities of the ligand for the Flk2/Flt3 receptor tyrosine kinase (FL) on human hematopoietic cells are reviewed. In in vitro studies, FL shows relatively few effects by itself on the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells, but exhibits a potent costimulatory activity in enhancing the proliferation of progenitor cells of multiple lineages. FL promotes the growth of clonogenic myeloid progenitor cells in the presence of other cytokines known to be active on myeloid progenitors, including GM-CSF, interleukin 3 (IL-3), kit ligand (KL), M-CSF and G-CSF. In addition, FL synergizes with IL-7 in inducing the proliferation of pro-B cells, whereas FL has little effect on the growth of clonogenic erythroid progenitors. Furthermore, FL induces the in vitro expansion of the high proliferative potential colony-forming cells (HPP-CFC) and stimulates the proliferation of long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC), suggesting an activity on the proliferation of putative stem cells. Thus, FL plays important roles in regulating the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells and, therefore, may have therapeutic applications.
Synthesis of 13C- and 14C-labeled 1192U90, an ortho-amino benzamide with a preclinical atypical antipsychotic profile (1996)

Three isotopic forms of potential antipsychotic agent 1192U90 (2-amino-N-(4-(4-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)butyl)benzamide) were synthesized: one containing 13C-isotopes and two containing 14C-isotopes. The compound in which the ortho-amino benzamide ring is completely 13C-labeled was prepared in a four-step sequence starting from [13C6]aniline. The 14C-labeled compounds were prepared by methods analogous to those previously described for the unlabeled material. The key step involved the condensation of 3-(4-(4-aminobutyl)-1-piperazinyl)-1,2-benzisothiazole with isatoic anhydride. The first 14C-labeled compound (3) was prepared from 14C-labeled 3-(4-(4-aminobutyl)-1-piperazinyl)-1,2-benzisothiazole, while the second compound (4) derived its isotopic label from [14C]isatoic anhydride. Compound 3 had a specific activity of 26.55 mCi/mmol, a radiochemical purity of 99.3%, and a radiochemical yield of 3.4% based on 9. Compound 4 had a specific activity of 22.67 mCi/mmol and a radiochemical purity of 99.2%.
Development of a Control System for Autonomous Land Vehicles (1995)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">An autonomous control system for land vehicles was developed. The control system consists of two major core systems, the Mission Planning and Control Unit (MPCU) and Piloting System Unit (PSU) and a number of subsystems, including the Positioning Unit (PU).</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The system architecture is modular and it employs a virtual vehicle abstraction to give the system to a degree of vehicle-independency. The development and testing of the system have been carried out using a 1.5 ton tracked vehicle with a hydrostatic powertrain as a test platform.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Real-Time Kinematic GPS positioning coupled with fiber-optic gyros have been used to achieve the high positioning accuracy needed in the system. Extended Kalman Filters have been used to achieve data fusion, and cubic B-splines have been used for trajectory generation.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The system has performed well in autonomous tests; navigation accuracy of ± 5 cm has been consistently achieved.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Further development work will concentrate on system refinements, reliability in less than ideal conditions, and systems integration.</div>
Research on Energy Saving Method of Traditional House in Northwest Shanxi (2013)

Traditional dwellings in Shanxi province have a poor insulation performance. This paper focused on improving their winter indoor temperature. The measurement is using cement expanded perlite mortar and polyethylene plastic foam board as thermal insulation materials to transform outer walls, in combination with Autodesk Ecotect Analysis software to calculate temperature variation. Result shows that our transform method can increase interior temperature effectively.
Coordinate control of 3T3 cell proliferation by platelet-derived growth factor and plasma components. (1978)

DNA synthesis and cell division were measured in Swiss mouse 3T3 cells cultured in different concentrations of cell-free plasma-derived serum and increasing amounts of a platelet-derived growth factor. In plasma-derived serum alone, the cells were quiescent and they were arrested in the Go/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Addition of a platelet-derived growth factor to quiescent cells maintained in plasma-derived serum stimulated both DNA synthesis and cell division. When plasma components were present at high concentration (5%, vol/vol), the amount of platelet factor added to the cultures determined the number of cell doublings. Plasma-derived molecules were required for the platelet factor to stimulate DNA synthesis and cell division in the maximal number of cells. In addition, plasma components had to be present for recently divided cells to respond to the platelet factor. When 3T3 cells were cultured in excess platelet factor and limiting amounts of plasma-derived serum (0.5%, vol/vol), the cells underwent one doubling and then ceased to proliferate. Addition of fresh plasma-derived serum to these cells induced a second round of cell division. Plasma components and the platelet-derived growth factor acted in a coordinate fashion to regulate the proliferation of Swiss 3T3 cells.
A New Ventricular Catheter for the Prevention and Treatment of Proximal Obstruction in Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts (1994)

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction is most commonly caused by obstruction of the ventricular catheter by choroid plexus. Such ventricular catheter obstructions remain a major unsolved problem, despite improvements in materials, catheter design, new valves, and increased emphasis on precise techniques favoring optimal catheter placement. Shunt malfunction demands elective and often urgent open surgical intervention to revise the shunt system. Such revisions require a general anesthetic in addition to the operative procedure and are followed by a minimum hospitalization of 2 to 3 days. Our experience with hundreds of shunt revisions prompted novel ideas for the development of a new ventricular catheter to treat or prevent this common and previously unresolved difficulty effectively.
Interface design and optimization of reading of continuous text (1996)

In this chapter, some considerations that may help to optimize reading via electronic equipment are raised, and some of the relevant evidence and theories are cited and briefly discussed.
Circulating Bone Morphogenetic Protein 1–3 Isoform Increases Renal Fibrosis (2011)

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) participate in organ regeneration through autocrine and paracrine actions, but the existence and effects of these proteins in the systemic circulation is unknown. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we identified BMP6, GDF15, and the BMP1-3 isoform of the Bmp1 gene in plasma samples from healthy volunteers and patients with CKD. We isolated the endogenous BMP1-3 protein and demonstrated that it circulates as an active enzyme, evidenced by its ability to cleave dentin matrix protein-1 in vitro. In rats with CKD, administration of recombinant BMP1-3 increased renal fibrosis and reduced survival. In contrast, administration of a BMP1-3-neutralizing antibody reduced renal fibrosis, preserved renal function, and increased survival. In addition, treating with the neutralizing antibody was associated with low plasma levels of TGFβ1 and connective tissue growth factor. In HEK293 cells and remnant kidneys, BMP1-3 increased the transcription of collagen type I, TGFβ1, β-catenin, and BMP7 via a BMP- and Wnt-independent mechanism that involved signaling through an integrin β1 subunit. The profibrotic effect of BMP1-3 may, in part, be a result of the accompanied decrease in decorin (DCN) expression. Taken together, inhibition of circulating BMP1-3 reduces renal fibrosis, suggesting that this pathway may be a therapeutic target for CKD.
A novel stratification framework for predicting outcome in patients with prostate cancer (2020)

These results highlight the importance of using more complex approaches for the analysis of genomic data, may assist drug targeting, and have allowed the construction of a nomogram combining DESNT with other clinical factors for use in clinical management.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Optically Active Methylene Lactone, Key Intermediate for the Synthesis of 1,2-Oxidized Furofuran Lignan, from<scp>L</scp>-Glutamic Acid (1999)

(4R)-[(1S)-1-[(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-1-(2-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyphenyl)methyl]-3-methylenedihydro-2(3H)-furanone and (4R)-[(1R)-1-[(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-1-(2-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyphenyl)methyl]-3-methylenedihydro-2(3H)-furanone, which are key intermediates for the synthesis of 1,2-oxidized furofuran lignan, were each stereoselectively synthesized from L-glutamic acid.
STORAGE AND HANDLING CHARACTERISTICS OF PELLETS FROM POULTRY LITTER (2005)

Poultry litter (combination of accumulated manure and bedding materials) was pelleted through a 3/16-in.(4.76-mm) diameter die. The storage and handling properties of the pellets were measured within a moisture range of 6.0%and 22.0% (w.b.). Bulk density and particle density of the pelleted litter respectively decreased and increased with increasein moisture content. The force required to rupture the pellets varied from 316 N at 6.0% moisture content to 68 N at 22.0%w.b. Durability of the pellets were also affected by moisture content. Pellet moisture absorption rates were significantly (P <0.05) affected by air relative humidity. The values of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat for the pelletswere respectively obtained to be 0.264W/m K, 2.67 . 10-7 m2/s, and 1265.6 J/kg K.
Mammalian Brain Morphogenesis and Midline Axon Guidance Require Heparan Sulfate (2003)

Heparan sulfate (HS) is required for morphogen signaling during Drosophila pattern formation, but little is known about its physiological importance in mammalian development. To define the developmental role of HS in mammalian species, we conditionally disrupted the HS-polymerizing enzyme EXT1 in the embryonic mouse brain. The EXT1-null brain exhibited patterning defects that are composites of those caused by mutations of multiple HS-binding morphogens. Furthermore, the EXT1-null brain displayed severe guidance errors in major commissural tracts, revealing a pivotal role of HS in midline axon guidance. These findings demonstrate that HS is essential for mammalian brain development.
P199 Securing Negative Margins at Surgery Using Conductive Interstitial Thermal Therapy (2006)

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Redox Reaction Switching Mechanism in RRAM Device With $\hbox{Pt/CoSiO}_{X}\hbox{/}\hbox{TiN}$ Structure (2011)

This letter investigates the resistive random access memory device characteristics and the physical mechanism of a device with a TiN/CoSiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> /Pt structure. In general, the mechanism is regarded as a redox reaction in the dielectric interface between the Ti electrode and the conductive filament. Furthermore, the switching voltage is correlated only with redox reaction potential. A designed circuit is used to accurately observe the resistance switching process with a pulse generator and an oscilloscope, which reveals that the switching process is related to both time and voltage. The constant switching energy demonstrates that the switching mechanism is the redox reaction.
Recent progress of open-source LVCSR engine julius and Japanese model repository (2004)

ICSLP2004: the 8th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, October 4-8, 2004, Jeju Island, Korea.
Molecular Cloning of a Fourth Member of the Potassium-dependent Sodium-Calcium Exchanger Gene Family, NCKX4 (2002)

We report here the identification and characterization of a fourth member of the potassium-dependent sodium-calcium exchanger gene family,<i>NCKX4</i> (gene <i>SLC24A4</i>), which mapped to the chromosomal region 14q32. Human <i>NCKX4</i> encoded a protein of 605 amino acids that displayed a high level of sequence identity to previously described family members, rod <i>NCKX1</i> (gene<i>SLC24A1</i>), cone/neuronal <i>NCKX2</i> (gene<i>SLC24A2</i>), and ubiquitous <i>NCKX3</i> (gene<i>SLC24A3</i>), in the hydrophobic regions surrounding the α-repeat sequences thought to form the ion-binding pocket used for transport. The protein product of the <i>NCKX4</i> gene shared the highest level of amino acid identity, as well as an almost identical arrangement of exon boundaries, with <i>NCKX3</i>, indicating that these two genes have arisen from a recent duplication event.<i>NCKX4</i> transcripts were abundantly expressed in all brain regions, aorta, lung, and thymus, as well as at a lower level in many other tissues. The NCKX4 protein demonstrated potassium-dependent sodium calcium exchanger activity when assayed in transfected HEK293 cells using digital imaging of fura-2 fluorescence. The discovery of <i>NCKX4</i>, as far as can be ascertained from the current version of the human genome sequence, completes the mammalian potassium-dependent sodium-calcium exchanger gene family.
A Primer on Neural Signal Processing (2017)

The role of neural signal processing has become increasingly important in the field of neuroscience with the increase of complexity and scale in neural recordings. In neuroscience, neural signal processing is aimed to extract information from neural signals for the purpose of understanding how the brain represents and transmits information through neuronal ensembles. In neural engineering, neural signal processing is aimed to read out neural signals to send neurofeedback to the brain or computer devices that assist or facilitate brain-machine communications. Here we provide a short review of neural signal processing on important principles and state-of-the-art research. Through representative examples, we illustrate how statistical signal processing can be applied to many diverse neuroscience applications.
[Immunology and therapy of malignant melanoma (author's transl)]. (1977)

<p>This paper presents a graphical method to optimise the position of outriggers on shear walls with flexible foundations. This location for the outriggers will cause a maximum reduction in lateral deflection at the top of the building. The method can be used for preliminary design of high-rise structures subjected to horizontal loading. The method requires the calculation of six structural parameters: bending stiffnesses for the shear wall and outrigger structure, an overall bending stiffness contribution from the exterior columns, rotational stiffnesses for the shear wall and column foundations in addition to a newly suggested bending stiffness parameter representing the structural behaviour of the flexible foundation beam connecting the foundation of the shear wall to the exterior column foundations. These parameters allow the derivation of two compatibility equations for rotations at the intersections of the neutral lines of the shear wall with the outrigger and foundation structures. They yield expressions for the restraining moments at outrigger and foundation levels that act in the opposing direction to the bending moment from the horizontal loading on the structure. Maximising the influence of the restraining moments on the horizontal deflections leads to the optimum location of the outrigger structure. Combining all stiffness parameters into two non-dimensional characteristic structural parameters allows the optimisation procedure for this type of structure to be represented by a single graph that directly gives the optimum level of the outrigger. It is concluded that all six stiffness parameters need to be included in the preliminary analysis of a proposed tall building structure as the optimum location of the outrigger as well as the reductions in horizontal deformations and internal forces in the structure can be significantly influenced by all the structural components.</p>