gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro bioactivity of soda lime borate glasses with substituted SrO in sodium phosphate solution (2014)

Borate glasses with the basic composition 0.6B2O3?0.2Na2O?0.2CaO and SrO progressively substituting CaO were prepared and characterized for their bone-bonding ability. The obtained glasses were thermally treated and converted to their glass-ceramic derivatives. In this study, FTIR spectral analyses were done for the prepared glasses and glass-ceramics before and after immersion in a sodium phosphate solution for extended times. The appearance of two IR bands within the spectral range 550-680 cm-1 after immersion confirms the formation of hydroxyapatite. X-ray diffraction studies and scanning electron microscope analysis supported the obtained infrared spectroscopy results. The solubility test (measurements of the weight loss in aqueous sodium phosphate solution) was conducted for measuring the dissolution of both glassy and crystalline derivatives to find out the role of SrO. The corrosion behaviour of the glasses and glass-ceramics indicate the increase of weight loss with the increase of SrO content. Different suggested proposals were introduced to explain this abnormal behaviour.
Arkadia Enhances Nodal/TGF-β Signaling by Coupling Phospho-Smad2/3 Activity and Turnover (2007)

Regulation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling is critical in vertebrate development, as several members of the TGF-beta family have been shown to act as morphogens, controlling a variety of cell fate decisions depending on concentration. Little is known about the role of intracellular regulation of the TGF-beta pathway in development. E3 ubiquitin ligases target specific protein substrates for proteasome-mediated degradation, and several are implicated in signaling. We have shown that Arkadia, a nuclear RING-domain E3 ubiquitin ligase, is essential for a subset of Nodal functions in the embryo, but the molecular mechanism of its action in embryonic cells had not been addressed. Here, we find that Arkadia facilitates Nodal signaling broadly in the embryo, and that it is indispensable for cell fates that depend on maximum signaling. Loss of Arkadia in embryonic cells causes nuclear accumulation of phospho-Smad2/3 (P-Smad2/3), the effectors of Nodal signaling; however, these must be repressed or hypoactive as the expression of their direct target genes is reduced or lost. Molecular and functional analysis shows that Arkadia interacts with and ubiquitinates P-Smad2/3 causing their degradation, and that this is via the same domains required for enhancing their activity. Consistent with this dual function, introduction of Arkadia in homozygous null (-/-) embryonic stem cells activates the accumulated and hypoactive P-Smad2/3 at the expense of their abundance. Arkadia-/- cells, like Smad2-/- cells, cannot form foregut and prechordal plate in chimeras, confirming this functional interaction in vivo. As Arkadia overexpression never represses, and in some cells enhances signaling, the degradation of P-Smad2/3 by Arkadia cannot occur prior to their activation in the nucleus. Therefore, Arkadia provides a mechanism for signaling termination at the end of the cascade by coupling degradation of P-Smad2/3 with the activation of target gene transcription. This mechanism can account for achieving efficient and maximum Nodal signaling during embryogenesis and for rapid resetting of target gene promoters allowing cells to respond to dynamic changes in extracellular signals.
Autostereoscopic video display with motion parallax (1997)

Described, is the HinesLab '3DTV,' a 3-dimensional video display which provides true stereo 3-D images, without glasses. Multiple viewers can move in front of the display, seeing true stereo images with motion parallax. Applications include 3-D video arcade games, avionics, engineering workstations, scientific visualization, video phones, and 3-D television. The display is built around a single liquid crystal panel, on which multiple images are projected to a screen where they form the 3-D image. The relationships of objects are confirmed in three dimensional space as the viewer moves through the viewing positions. The HinesLab autostereoscopic technology is transparent to the user. The 3DTV display can be produced economically because it uses a single display panel and conventional optics. The primary advantage of this technique is its simplicity. CGI images are supplied to the monitor with a single video board. Three- dimensional television can be broadcast by a single unmodified television station (NTSC, PAL, SECAM, HDTV, etc.), and recorded and replayed in 3-D with a VCR. From 4 - 21 eye positions can be created, with a range of resolution and viewing angles, limited only by currently available liquid- crystal display technology.
Automatic Detection of Cyberbullying on Social Media (2016)

Bullying on social media is a dire problem for many youths, leading to severe health problems. In this thesis we describe the construction of a software prototype capable of automatically identifying bullying comments on the social media platform ASKfm using Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques. State of the art NLP and ML algorithms from previous research are studied and evaluated for the task of identifying bullying comments in a data set from ASKfm. The best performing classier acts as the core component in the detection software prototype. The resulting prototype can monitor selected proles on ASKfm in real time and display identied bullying comments connected to these proles on a web page.
Measuring integrity on mobile phone systems (2008)

Mobile phone security is a relatively new field that is gathering momentum in the wake of rapid advancements in phone system technology. Mobile phones are now becoming sophisticated smart phones that provide services beyond basic telephony, such as supporting third-party applications. Such third-party applications may be security-critical, such as mobile banking, or may be untrusted applications, such as downloaded games. Our goal is to protect the integrity of such critical applications from potentially untrusted functionality, but we find that existing mandatory access control approaches are too complex and do not provide formal integrity guarantees. In this work, we leverage the simplicity inherent to phone system environments to develop a compact SELinux policy that can be used to justify the integrity of a phone system using the Policy Reduced Integrity Measurement Architecture (PRIMA) approach. We show that the resultant policy enables systems to be proven secure to remote parties, enables the desired functionality for installing and running trusted programs, and the resultant SELinux policy is over 90% smaller in size. We envision that this approach can provide an outline for how to build high integrity phone systems.
A new block-matching criterion for motion estimation and its implementation (1995)

A novel and efficient block-matching motion estimation criterion called minimized maximum error (MiniMax) is considered. The proposed method can save hardware area about 15% with acceptable video performance. A chip which combines the MiniMax matching criterion and the one-dimensional full search algorithm is presented. The ASIC is motivated by the need of the intensive computational demand to perform motion estimation in real time. The proposed single chip can match the applications of H.261 and MPEG international standards. Chip cascading is allowed for larger searching range applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A multichannel pipeline analog-to-digital converter for an integrated 3-D ultrasound imaging system (2003)

An 8-channel 10-bit pipeline analog-to-digital converter, designed for use in an integrated three-dimensional ultrasound imaging system, has been implemented in a 0.25-μm CMOS technology. Two parallel multiplexing sample-and-hold stages are employed to multiplex a total of eight adjacent ultrasound channels, each sampled at 20 MHz. The sampled and multiplexed signals are fed into two parallel time-interleaved pipeline paths, each operating at 80 MHz. The two parallel pipelines are subsequently multiplexed into a single pipeline operating at 160 MHz to conserve area and reduce complexity. An experimental prototype of the proposed architecture occupies less than 4 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of active silicon area and shows a peak signal-to-noise-plus-distortion ratio more than 54 dB for a 2.1-MHz input signal, while dissipating only 20 mW of analog power per input channel from a 2.5-V supply.
A General Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Aromatic Amines (2007)

Simple as that: The synthesis of aromatic amines from aliphatic amines proceeds under transfer hydrogenation conditions (see scheme). By applying the Shvo catalyst, general applicability is shown in the conversion of a variety of functionalized anilines and aliphatic amines. This base- and salt-free method can be an excellent alternative to the known synthesis of anilines.
Rapid Synthesis of Titania Nanowires by Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Treatments (2008)

Titania nanowires in the anatase phase were successfully synthesized using microwave-assisted hydrothermal methods. To accelerate the fabrication procedure of nanowires, an assisted microwave power was applied to the traditional hydrothermal apparatus. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (ST01, 100% anatase) were utilized as the starting material, and various parameters (including heating temperature, reaction time, radiation power, and the concentration of raw materials) were discussed in the present study. All of the products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer−Emmett−Teller (BET) surface area analysis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations revealed that these nanowires have a diameter of ca. 80−150 nm, with a length ranging from several micrometers to tens of micrometers. Relatively low energy consumption was observed in manufacturing the titania nanowires under the conditions of 350 W of power at 210 °C for only 2 h (and then calcined at 450 °C for 2 h). Through the use of a microwave-assisted hydrothermal process, the titania nanowires could be obtained with a shorter reaction time and lower thermal energy, in comparison to conventional hydrothermal methods. Therefore, this approach could considerably reduce the synthesis time, cost, and energy required, and it could be used in the large-scale fabrication of titania nanowires.
Molecular Modelling of the Interaction Between the Catalytic Site of Pig Pancreatic α‐Amylase and Amylose Fragments (1995)

A stereo chemical refinement of the crystalline complex between porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase and a pseudopentasaccharide from the amylostatin family has been performed through molecular mechanics calculations, using a set of parameters appropriate for protein and protein-carbohydrate interactions. The refinement provided a starting point for docking a maltopentaose moiety within the catalytic site, in the absence of water. A thorough exploration of the different orientations and conformations of maltopentaose established the sense of binding of the amylosic substrate in the amylase cleft. After optimising the geometry of the binding site, the conformations adopted by the four contiguous linkages could be rationalised by considering the environment, either hydrophobic or hydrophilic, of the different glucose moieties. Seemingly, details of the non-bonded interactions (hydrogen bonds, van der Waals and stacking interactions) that underlie this molecular recognition have been established. In particular, it was confirmed that the three acidic amino acids of the catalytic site (Asp197, Asp300 and Glu233) are close to their glucosidic target, and that there is no steric reason to propose an alteration of the 4C1 conformation of the glucose residue prior to hydrolysis. However, in the absence of water molecules, it is difficult to elucidate the details of the catalysis. Additional macroscopic information has been gained, such as the impossibility to fit a double-helical arrangement of amylose chains in the amylasic cleft. This explains why some native starches containing such motifs resist amylolytic enzymes. Tentative models involving longer amylosic chains have been elaborated, which extend our knowledge of the interaction and orientation of starch fragments in the vicinity of the hydrolytic sites.
Learning and recognition of 3D objects from appearance (2002)

The authors address the problem of automatically learning object models for recognition and pose estimation. In contrast to the traditional approach, they formulate the recognition problem as one of matching visual appearance rather than shape. The appearance of an object in a two-dimensional image depends on its shape, reflectance properties, pose in the scene, and the illumination conditions. While shape and reflectance are intrinsic properties of an object and are constant, pose and illumination vary from scene to scene. They present a new compact representation of object appearance that is parameterized by pose and illumination. They have conducted experiments using several objects with complex appearance characteristics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The conformational effects of N-linked glycosylation (1993)

Conference Article| May 01 1993 The conformational effects of N-linked glycosylation J. Edge Christopher; J. Edge Christopher 1Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX I 3QU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C. Joao Heidi; C. Joao Heidi 1Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX I 3QU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. Woods Robert; J. Woods Robert 1Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX I 3QU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mark R. Wormald Mark R. Wormald 1Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX I 3QU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1993) 21 (2): 452–455. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0210452 Article history Received: December 14 1992 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J. Edge Christopher, C. Joao Heidi, J. Woods Robert, Mark R. Wormald; The conformational effects of N-linked glycosylation. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1993; 21 (2): 452–455. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0210452 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: n.O.e., nuclear Overhauser effect This content is only available as a PDF. © 1993 Biochemical Society1993 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Permeability Performance (2010)

The objective of this project was to evaluate the transport properties of concrete pavement in the state of Indiana using common testing procedures. Specifically this work evaluated the absorption of water, the absorption of deicing solutions, and electrical conductivity. A series of concrete paving mixtures were tested to provide a range of values that were typical for the state of Indiana. While similar mixture proportions were used for the mixtures in Indiana differences in the magnitude of water absorbed occurred. A series of mortars were tested to illustrate the effect of curing conditions, water to cement ratio, and paste volume. It was observed that a long duration of drying was needed to obtain equilibrium. Samples dried to a lower relative humidity showed a greater volume of water absorbed. It was observed that drying at 105C resulted in substantial anomalies in water absorption, as such this method is not recommended. It was observed that when samples were tested using deicing solutions or samples were tested that were previously exposed to deicing solutions the water absorption could be influenced. The electrical conductivity work was performed as a potential method to develop the understanding of rapid test techniques for quality control. The research used a modified parallel law to relate the electrical conductivity to the pore volume, pore solution conductivity and the tortuosity through the pore network. The influence water addition was able to be determined using electrical conductivity. In addition, the pore solution was observed to be approximately linearly related to the degree of hydration. It is critical that a correction be applied to samples tested at different temperatures. An activation energy of conduction was observed that was approximately 10 kL/mol irrespective of water to cement ratio. In addition to the measurement of transport properties, the relative humidity was assessed for concrete exposed to different exposure conditions. The samples considered in this investigation included a sample stored at 50% relative humidity, covered concrete, a concrete with an exposed vertical surface, a concrete on a drainable base, a concrete on a non-drainable base, and concrete that was submerged. The samples showed that for practical field samples the relative humidity in the concrete was always above 80% for the samples tested. The samples that were exposed to precipitation events demonstrated higher relative humidities.
The effect of resistant solanaceous plants on the sex ratio of <i>Heterodera rostochiensis</i> and the use of the sex ratio to assess the frequency and genetic constitution of pathotypes (1967)

SUMMARY The sex ratios of two Heterodera rostochiensis populations were compared on fifteen solanaceous plants. Larvae did not mature in the roots of Atropa belladona, Datura stramonium or Nicotiana tabacum but adults were produced on the other plants, on some only males and on others, males and females. With two other populations, but not with a third, the percentage of larvae that became female on a potato hybrid with a dominant gene for resistance derived from Solanum tuberosum ssp. andigena increased during successive generations on the hybrid in accordance with the hypothesis that such larvae are double recessives (aa). Fewer larvae became adult in plants with two dominant genes for resistance than in plants with one, and such plants probably exerted selection of both males and females. A population from St Brelades (Jersey) produced fewer females and more males on the susceptible variety Arran Banner than did either the Thorney (Cambs.) or Aberystwyth populations. A much greater percentage of larvae from the St Brelades population became female on an ex andigena hybrid derived from CPC 1690 than on one derived from CPC 1685.
Anomalously Preserved Clathrate Hydrate of Natural Gas in Pellet Form at 253 K (2012)

Storage of natural gas (NG) is required for a range of applications. In this study, we succeeded to maintain NG within water cages of anomalously preserved NG hydrate crystal for more than three weeks under thermodynamically unstable conditions at 253 K and atmospheric pressure. This anomalous preservation phenomenon of NG hydrate pellet was measured quantitatively by powder X-ray diffraction and gas chromatography as well as measuring the change in weight caused by hydrate dissociation. In addition, two different types of phase contrast X-ray imaging techniques, X-ray interferometric imaging and diffraction enhanced imaging, also revealed that the NG hydrate was maintained inside the pellet. Also, scanning electron microscopy showed that the outer ice layer formed contained many pores while the internal microstructure of NG hydrate pellet was dense without pores. These experimental results suggest that formation of the outer ice layer may not be related to anomalous preservation of NG hydrate, but formation of pore space may cause hydrate dissociation.
Mescaline, LSD, Psilocybin, and Personality Change a Review<sup>†</sup> (1963)

(1963). Mescaline, LSD, Psilocybin, and Personality Change a Review. Psychiatry: Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 111-125.
Condensation of aldehydes with methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCondensation of aldehydes with methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridinesE. Smakula Hand, W. W. Paudler, and S. ZachowCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 21, 3377–3382Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00441a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00441a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views129Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Economic Impacts of a New Dam in South‐East Queensland (2009)

Abstract South‐East Queensland has combined the most rapid population growth in Australia with rainfall that has persisted below average for many years. The Queensland Government has responded with a number of plans to supplement existing water supplies in the region. This paper uses a multiregional, dynamic CGE model to estimate the regional impacts of construction of Traveston dam. The magnitude of net welfare benefits of the project depends on underlying assumptions concerning future rainfall patterns. All the mainland state governments are proposing water supply augmentation measures. It is probable that a number of these projects are not justifiable on economic grounds.
17 -Estradiol inhibits proliferation and migration of human vascular smooth muscle cells: similar effects in cells from postmenopausal females and in males (1996)

17 beta-Estradiol inhibits growth-factor-induced SMC proliferation and migration regardless of gender. These effects of 17 beta-estradiol may contribute to its cardiovascular protective properties in postmenopausal women during replacement therapy.