gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gravitational-wave stochastic background detection with resonant-mass detectors (1997)

In this paper we discuss how the standard optimal Wiener filter theory can be applied, within a linear approximation, to the detection of an isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background with two or more detectors. We apply then the method to the AURIGA-NAUTILUS pair of ultralow temperature bar detectors, soon to operate in coincidence in Italy, obtaining an estimate for the sensitivity to the background spectral density of \ensuremath{\approx}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}49}$ ${\mathrm{Hz}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, that converts to an energy density per unit logarithmic frequency of $\ensuremath{\approx}8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{c}$, with ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{c}\ensuremath{\approx}1.9\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}26}$ ${\mathrm{k}\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{m}}^{3}$ the closure density of the Universe. We also show that by adding the VIRGO interferometric detector under construction in Italy to the array, and by properly reorienting the detectors, one can reach a sensitivity of $\ensuremath{\approx}6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{c}$. We then calculate that the pair formed by VIRGO and one large mass spherical detector properly located in one of the nearby available sites in Italy can reach a sensitivity of $\ensuremath{\approx}2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{c}$ while a pair of such spherical detectors at the same sites of AURIGA and NAUTILUS can achieve sensitivities of $\ensuremath{\approx}2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{c}$.
Potential Role of Rho-Associated Protein Kinase Inhibitor Y-27632 in Glaucoma Filtration Surgery (2007)

Y-27632 had profound effects on activities of HTFs and was effective in preventing fibroproliferation and scar formation in a rabbit model of glaucoma surgery. A ROCK inhibitor may be an effective anti-scarring agent after glaucoma filtering surgery.
Generation of Anti-CD133 Human Synthetic Antibodies as Tools for Exploring CD133 Function (2013)

Two synthetic human antibody fragments against the human pentaspan membrane protein CD133 were isolated using a novel selection method involving direct selections on cells coupled with Illumina deep sequencing. The antibody fragments were isolated through a PCR-based recovery strategy developed in the lab and subsequently converted to full length IgGs. Termed RW01 and RW03, the antibodies bind separate epitopes on CD133 and are able to detect the protein using various molecular techniques. Finally, experiments have shown that RW01 and RW03 treatment affect the stability of CD133 on live cells. Additional experiments are required to reveal the specific epitope recognized by each antibody, which organelles they are targeted to when internalized and whether they have an effect on cellular differentiation or cellular viability. In addition to the therapeutic potential of these antibodies, they will have many applications towards expanding our knowledge concerning the CD133 protein and its role in cancer.
Real-time obstacle avoidance for fast mobile robots in cluttered environments (2002)

The method described, named the vector field histogram (VFH), permits the detection of unknown obstacles and avoids collisions while simultaneously steering the mobile robot toward the target. A VFH-controlled mobile robot maneuvers quickly and without stopping among densely cluttered obstacles. The VFH method uses a two-dimensional Cartesian histogram grid as a world model. This world model is updated continuously and in real time with range data sampled by the onboard ultrasonic range sensors. Based on the accumulated environmental data, the VFH method then computes a one-dimensional polar histogram that is constructed around the robot's momentary location. Each sector in the polar histogram holds the polar obstacle density in that direction. Finally, the algorithm selects the most suitable sector from among all polar histogram sectors with low obstacle density, and the steering of the robot is aligned with that direction. Experimental results from a mobile robot traversing a densely cluttered obstacle course at an average speed of 0.7 m/s demonstrate the power of the VFH method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Epidemiology of Thoracolumbar Spine Injury in Blunt Trauma (2001)

The prevalence of TL injuries in ED blunt trauma patients undergoing TL radiographs is 6.3%. The most commonly injured area of the TL spine is the thoracolumbar junction.
Early Models for System-Level Power Estimation (2007)

Power estimation and verification have become important aspects of System-on-Chip (SoC) design flows. However, rapid and effective power modeling and estimation technologies for complex SoC designs are not widely available. As a result, many SoC design teams focus the bulk of their efforts on using detailed low-level models to verify power consumption. While such models can accurately estimate power metrics for a given design, they suffer from two significant limitations: (1) they are only available late in the design cycle, after many architectural features have already been decided, and (2) they are so detailed that they impose severe limitations on the size and number of workloads that can be evaluated. While these methods are useful for power verification, architects require information much earlier in the design cycle, and are therefore often limited to estimating power using spreadsheets where the expected power dissipation of each module is summed up to predict total power. As the model becomes more refined, the frequency that each module is exercised may be added as an additional parameter to further increase the accuracy. Current spreadsheets, however, rely on aggregate instruction counts and do not incorporate either time or input data and thus have inherent inaccuracies. Our strategy for early power estimation relies on (i) measurements from real silicon, (ii) models built from those measurements models that predict power consumption for a variety of processor micro-architectural structures and (iii)FPGA-based implementations of those models integrated with an FPGA-based performance simulator/emulator. The models will be designed specifically to be implemented within FPGAs. The intention is to integrate the power models with FPGA-based full-system, functional and performance simulators/emulators that will provide timing and functional information including data values. The long term goal is to provide relative power accuracy and power trends useful to architects during the architectural phase of a project, rather than precise power numbers that would require far more information than is available at that time. By implementing the power models in an FPGA and driving those power models with a system simulator/emulator that can feed the power models real data transitions generated by real software running on top of real operating systems, we hope to both improve the quality of early stage power estimation and improve power simulation performance.
IMMUNITY TO MALARIA (1941)

Editorial1 July 1941IMMUNITY TO MALARIAP. W. C.P. W. C.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-15-1-146 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThat human beings can acquire a considerable degree of resistance to malarial infection has been known for many years. It is a matter of common observation that native inhabitants of tropical regions in which malaria is continuously prevalent—the "hyperendemic" areas—acquire a resistance or at least a tolerance for the infection, so that they show no clinical symptoms of malaria although susceptible newcomers quickly become ill and often succumb to the disease. The conditions under which such immunity develops have been studied with particular care by British observers such as Thomson, Christophers, and James.1These studies have shown that practically everyone...1 ASHFORD MFor an excellent review of much of this work see: : The nature of immunity to malaria in its relationship to antimalarial therapy, Am. Jr. Trop. Med., 1936, xvi, 665-678. Google Scholar2 WILSON DB: Implications of malarial endemicity in East Africa, Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. and Hyg., 1938-39, xxxii, 435-446. Google Scholar3 MANWELL RD: Reciprocal immunity in the avain malarias, Am. Jr. Hyg., 1938, xxvii, 196-211. Google Scholar4 MULLIGANSINTON HWJA: Studies in immunity in malaria. Superinfection with various strains of monkey malarial parasites, Rec. Malaria Survey India, 1933, iii, 529. Google Scholar5 JAMES SP: Some general results of study of induced malaria in England, Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. and Hyg., 1931, xxiv, 477-538. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6 BOYD MF: On strains or races of the malarial parasites, Am. Jr. Trop. Med., 1940, xx, 69-80. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7 EATONCOGGESHALL MDLT: Complement fixation in human malaria with an antigen prepared from the monkey parasite, Plasmodium knowlesi , Jr. Exper. Med., 1939, lxix, 379-398. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1941Volume 15, Issue 1Page: 146-148KeywordsImmunityInfectious diseasesMalariaTropical diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1941 PDF downloadLoading ...
A Multi-Agent Infrastructure for Mobile Workforce Management in a Service Oriented Enterprise (2005)

With recent advances in mobile technologies and infrastructures, there are increasing demands for the support of mobile workforce management (MWM) across multiple platforms. Mobile users can interact with the MWM system through SMS messages or Web browsers from personal computers, PDA devices, or WAP phones. MWM typically involves tight collaboration, negotiation, and sophisticated business domain knowledge. Therefore, the main challenge of MWM for a service oriented enterprise is the integration of disparate business function for its mobile professional workforce and the management with a unified infrastructure, together with the provision of personalized assistance and automation. These requirements can be facilitated with the use of intelligent software agents, but has not been adequately studied before. As mobile devices become more powerful, intelligent software agents can now be deployed on these devices and hence also subject to mobility. Thus, MWM systems have to accommodate these requirements as well as the support of heterogeneous platforms. In this paper, we formulate a scalable, flexible, and intelligent multi-agent information system (MAIS) infrastructure for MWM with agent clusters in the context of a large service oriented enterprise. Each agent cluster comprise several types of agents to achieve the goal of each phase of the workforce management process, namely, task formulation, matchmaking, brokering, commuting, and service. We evaluate our approach against different stakeholders' perspective.
Use of a Monoclonal Antibody (W6/32) in Structural Studies of HLA-A,B,C Antigens (1979)

Abstract The experiments reported here show that W6/32 antigenic activity is retained in papain-solubilized HLA antigens and that the W6/32 antibody provides a useful standard reagent to detect and assay HLA-A,B,C antigens. The W6/32 antibody was purified and used to construct an immunoaffinity column. Soluble HLA-A,B,C antigens from papain or detergent-treated membranes could be highly purified in a single step with this column and serologic analysis showed that HLA-A,B and C antigens were bound to the column. Thus, the W6/32 antigenic determinant is present on gene products of all three loci. The amount of HLA-A,B,C antigens on the surface of human B cell lines and peripheral blood lymphocytes was measured with W6/32 antibody. B cell lines expressed, on average, 9 times as much cell surface HLA-A,B,C antigens as peripheral lymphocytes, although there was appreciable variation within each group. The B cell line Bri 8, for example, expressed 1.5 × 106 W6/32 antigenic sites, and by inference, HLA-A,B,C molecules per cell. Equal amounts of β2m and HLA-A,B,C chain were found on both cell types. The isolated HLA-A chain from intact 125I-HLA-A2 antigens weakly bound to W6/32 antibody in contrast to 125I-β2-microglobulin (β2m) isolated from the same preparation of HLA-A2 antigens that showed no demonstrable binding. when an excess of cold β2m was added to the isolated 125I-HLA-A2 chain, the binding to W6/32 antibody was considerably enhanced. These results suggest that the W6/32 antigenic determinant involves only amino acids of the HLA-A,B,C chain and is a product of their three dimensional configuration. Stable maintenance of this configuration appears to be dependent on the association of the HLA-A,B,C chain with β2m.
Human Growth Hormone Release: Relation to Slow-Wave Sleep and Sleep-Waking Cycles (1969)

Release of human growth hormone during sleep is significantly related to slow, synchronized stages of sleep and therefore would seem to be controlled by related neural mechanisms. When sleep-waking cycles are reversed by 12 hours, the release of growth hormone with sleep is reversed; thus release does not follow an inherent circadian rhythm independent of sleep.
Fludarabine in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a review (2009)

Fludarabine (FAMP) is the most effective and most extensively studied purine analog in indolent B-cell malignancies. Its use is indicated for first-and second-line treatment of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). FAMP as a single agent has produced superior response rates and progression-free survival than standard therapy with chlorambucil and alkylator-based regimen. Efficacy of FAMP may be increased by combining this purine analog with other chemotherapeutic and non-chemotherapeutic agents. FAMP and cyclophosphamide combination (FC) has shown promising results with higher overall response and complete response rates than FAMP in monotherapy, although no difference has been detected in survival. Quality of response and eradication of minimal residual disease (MRD) have been reported to be associated with prolonged survival. Eradication of MRD has been achieved by combining FC with mitoxantrone or monoclonal antibody including alemtuzumab or rituximab or both. FAMP has been widely used in non-myeloablative conditioning regimens, often combined with a variety of other cytotoxic agents, with the aim of inducing enough immunosuppression to allow successful engraftment and to exert some pretransplant anti-tumor activity. The current paper provides an overview of use of FAMP as a single agent or as a cornerstone of different therapeutic strategies for treatment of B-CLL patients.
Interaction of the Arabidopsis Receptor Protein Kinase Wak1 with a Glycine-rich Protein, AtGRP-3 (2001)

The Arabidopsis wall-associated receptor kinase, Wak1, is a member of the Wak family (Wak1-5) that links the plasma membrane to the extracellular matrix. By the yeast two-hybrid screen, we found that a glycine-rich extracellular protein, AtGRP-3, binds to the extracellular domain of Wak1. Further in vitro binding studies indicated that AtGRP-3 is the only isoform among the six tested AtGRPs that specifically interacts with Waks, and the cysteine-rich carboxyl terminus of AtGRP-3 is essential for its binding to Wak1. We also show that Wak1 and AtGRP-3 form a complex with a molecular size of approximately 500 kDa in vivo in conjunction with the kinase-associated protein phosphatase, KAPP, that has been shown to interact with a number of plant receptor-like kinases. Binding of AtGRP-3 to Wak1 is shown to be crucial for the integrity of the complex. Wak1 and AtGRP-3 are both induced by salicylic acid treatment. Moreover, exogenously added AtGRP-3 up-regulates the expression of Wak1, AtGRP-3, and PR-1 (for pathogenesis-related) in protoplasts. Taken together, our data suggest that AtGRP-3 regulates Wak1 function through binding to the cell wall domain of Wak1 and that the interaction of Wak1 with AtGRP-3 occurs in a pathogenesis-related process in planta.
Accurate variant detection across non-amplified and whole genome amplified DNA using targeted next generation sequencing (2012)

Our described PCR-based sample multiplex approach and the ability to use WGA material for NGS may enable researchers to perform deep resequencing studies and explore variants at very low frequencies and cost.
Isolation of a Stearoyl CoA Desaturase from <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i> (1981)

Cell free preparations of Tetrahymena thermophila contain an enzyme that catalyzes the direct desaturation of stearoyl CoA to octadecenoic acid. The enzyme is associated with the microsomal fraction of the ciliate. Substrate of the enzyme consists of either free stearic acid or stearoyl CoA. Both ATP and CoA are required when free stearate is the substrate and are also highly stimulatory when stearoyl CoA is the substrate. With stearoyl CoA as the substrate, either NADH or NADPH are required for desaturase activity. In presence of ATP and CoA, either NAD or NADP can replace NADH and NADPH. Desaturase activity is optimal when the enzyme is incubated at pH of 7.2 and a temperature of 30-35 degrees C. Highest levels of the stearoyl CoA desaturase are found in stationary phase ciliates grown at 35 degrees C.
Novel Synthesis of 7-Fluoro-8-(trifluoromethyl)- 1<i>H</i>-1,6-naphthyridin-4-one Derivatives:  Intermolecular Cyclization of an <i>N</i>-Silyl-1-azaallyl Anion with Perfluoroalkene and Subsequent Intramolecular Skeletal Transformation of the Resulting Pentasubstituted Pyridines (2007)

In this study, fluorine-containing pentasubstituted pyridine derivatives 9a-m were prepared regioselectively in good yields by the intermolecular cyclization of a variety of N-silyl-1-azaallylic anion intermediates 7, which were generated from a functionalized silane 5 and an aromatic/aliphatic nitrile 6 with perfluoroalkene 8. Also, 7-fluoro-8-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-1,6-naphthyridin-4-one derivatives 11a-k were synthesized in excellent yields by the subsequent base-promoted intramolecular skeletal transformation of the resulting pyridine derivatives 10a-k.
A Review of Gas-Cooled Reactor Concepts for SDI Applications (1989)

Abstract : We have completed a review of multimegawatt gas cooled reactor concepts proposed for SDI applications. Our study concluded that the principal reason for considering gas cooled reactors for burst mode operation was the potential for significant system mass savings over closed cycle systems if open cycle gas cooled operation (effluent exhausted to space) is acceptable. The principal reason for considering gas cooled reactors for steady state operation is that they may represent a lower technology risk than other approaches. In the review, nine gas cooled reactor concepts were compared to identify the most promising. For burst mode operation, the NERVA (Nuclear Engine for Rocket Vehicle Application) derivative reactor concept emerged as a strong first choice since its performance exceeds the anticipated operational requirements and the technology has been demonstrated and is retrievable. Although the NERVA derivative concepts were determined to be the lead candidates for the Multimegawatt Steady State (MMWSS) mode as well, their lead over the other candidates is not as great as for the burst mode.
Nanotechnology and orthopedics: a personal perspective (2008)

Bone is a nanocomposite material comprised of hierarchically arranged collagen fibrils, hydroxyapatite and proteoglycans in the nanometer scale. Cells are accustomed to interact with nanostructures, thus providing the cells with a natural bone-like environment that potentially enhance bone tissue regeneration/repair. In this direction, nanotechnology provides opportunities to fabricate as well as explore novel properties and phenomena of functional materials, devices, and systems at the nanometer-length scale. Recent studies have provided significant insights into the influence of topographical features in regulating cell behavior. Topographical features provide essential chemical and physical cues that cells can recognize and elicit desired cellular functions including preferential adhesion, migration, proliferation, and expression of specific cell phenotype to bring desired effects. The current article will address some of the nanotechnology implications in addressing issues related to orthopedic implants performance and tissue engineering approach to bone repair/regeneration.
A Convenient Preparation of <i>N</i>-Alkyl and <i>N</i>-Arylamines by Smiles Rearrangement—Synthesis of Analogues of Diclofenac (2003)

Abstract Smiles rearrangement of substituted aryloxyacetamides in which oxygen and nitrogen are separated by COCH2 group has been successful even when the aryloxy ring carries weak or no electron withdrawing group. Earlier reports of such reactions involved either strong electron withdrawing groups or a special catalyst. The diphenylamines thus obtained gave analogues of diclofenac in only one case.
The <i>Drosophila Enhancer of zeste</i> gene encodes a chromosomal protein: examination of wild-type and mutant protein distribution (1996)

The Drosophila Enhancer of zeste [E(z)] gene is a member of the Polycomb-group and, as such, is involved in maintaining the transcriptional repression of the homeotic genes of the Antennapedia (ANT-C) and bithorax (BX-C) complexes. It has been proposed that Polycomb-group (Pc-G)-mediated silencing requires the formation of heteromeric protein complexes which modify the chromatin structure of target genes. We describe the in vivo distribution of the E(Z) protein and show it to be ubiquitously present in embryonic and larval nuclei. In salivary gland polytenized nuclei, the identifiable E(Z) chromosome binding sites are a subset of those described for other Polycomb-group proteins, suggesting that E(Z) may also participate in Polycomb-group complexes. E(Z) binds to chromosomes in a DNA sequence-dependent manner, as illustrated by the creation of a new E(Z)-binding site at the location of a P element reporter construct that previously has been shown to contain a Polycomb response element (PRE). We also present the sequences of one null and three temperature-sensitive E(z) alleles, describe the effects these mutations have on the in vivo distribution of E(Z) protein and discuss their implications concerning putative functional domains. Finally, we describe the effect a trithorax mutation has on E(Z) chromosome binding.