gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inter-cluster communication models for clustered VLIW processors (2003)

Clustering is a well-known technique to improve the implementation of single register file VLIW processors. Many previous studies in clustering adhere to an inter-cluster communication means in the form of copy operations. This paper, however, identifies and evaluates five different inter-cluster communication models, including copy operations, dedicated issue slots, extended operands, extended results, and broadcasting. Our study reveals that these models have a major impact on performance and implementation of the clustered VLIW. We found that copy operations executed in regular VLIW issue slots significantly constrain the scheduling freedom of regular operations. For example, in the dense code for our four cluster machine the total cycle count overhead reached 46.8% with respect to the unicluster architecture, 56% of which are caused by the copy operation constraint. Therefore, we propose to use other models (e.g. extended results or broadcasting), which deliver higher performance than the copy operation model at the same hardware cost.
Developmental Aspects of Parental Mental Health and Child Development (2012)

. Thus, not only does parental mental health affect children's development, but children's development can in turn affect maternal mental health.
Positioning and multidimensional (im)politeness in Korean Oriental medical discourse (2011)

Studies on politeness in Korean — an honorific-rich language like Japanese — have focused more on what Sohn (1995: 408) identifies as ‘normative’ (or discernment) politeness. Whilst these studies are illuminating, they have paid little attention to the ‘dynamic’ aspect of politeness. That is, they have focussed on ‘static’ or primarily dyadic interactions and have explored the speaker’s discursive intention but paid minimal attention to the addressee’s evaluation of certain utterances. The present study attempts to fill this gap by showing how multiple levels of politeness arise at ‘situational, institutional, and societal levels’ (Fairclough, 1989) in Korean institutional discourse. To this effect, it concentrates on the interaction between Korean Oriental medical doctors and their patients, which is a ‘fruitful epistemological site’ (Sunderland, 2004: 73) for the study of emerging and situated politeness in Korean. This is particularly so because in Korea traditional and Western medicine co-exist — Western medicine often being regarded as ‘dominant’ one — and consequently there is a ‘dual medical authority’ in Korean society. Employing Goffman’s (1981) ‘participation framework’ and Davies and Harré’s (1990, 1999) ‘positioning theory’, the present article demonstrates that the dual medical authority often obscures the ‘speaker’, ‘addressee’, and (im)politeness. of a speech act in patient–Oriental medical doctor interactions. An act that is apparently face-threatening at the situational level may not necessarily be face-threatening at the institutional level, where the ‘real’ addressee may be a non-present Western doctor or even Western biomedicine itself. The paper concludes that the dyadic, synchronic, and cross-sectional model of politeness on which most studies on Korean politeness rely is too simplistic and idealised. Instead, a multidimensional discursive approach to politeness should be adopted.
Medial brachial fascial compartment syndrome: anatomic basis of neuropathy after transaxillary arteriography. (1989)

The authors reviewed their experience with 320 transaxillary arteriograms, as well as the English-language literature on neuropathy complicating transaxillary arteriography. Three of their patients had median and ulnar motor and sensory nerve injury, and six others had only sensory involvement. The occurrence or severity of nerve injury did not correlate well with the size or presence of an observable axillary or arm hematoma. Dissection of the axillae and arms of 25 human cadavers revealed a tough medial brachial fascial compartment (MBFC) outside a thin axillary sheath. The median and ulnar nerves were within the MBFC at an arterial puncture site just lateral to the anterior axillary fold. The radial and musculocutaneous nerves exited the MBFC more proximally. The different levels at which the major nerves of the brachial plexus exit the MBFC explain the anatomic distribution of the nerve injuries associated with compression by a hematoma after transaxillary arteriography.
Long ropes of boron nitride nanotubes grown by a continuous laser heating (2000)

A continuous CO2 laser beam was focused on a surface of hexagonal boron nitride under low nitrogen pressure, inducing a stiff radial temperature gradient, rising locally over the dissociation temperature. Boron nitride nanotubes and faceted boron nitride onions were found on the heated surface, segregated in specific zones. Nanotubes were grown in macroscopic quantity, stoichiometric, well crystallized, mostly with few layers, and self-assembled in ropes as long as 40 μm. The cavity of boron nitride onions was often occupied by a boron nanocrystal. The recombination of boron and nitrogen both in plasma and on surface is suggested for the nucleation process.
Low voltage, high performance bandgap reference in standard CMOS technology (2005)

A high performance CMOS bandgap reference circuits using lateral bipolar transistors is presented. The bandgap reference circuit provides a very small dependence of the reference voltage on temperature. It aims at application in high-resolution temperature-stable analog-digital or digital-analog converters. The reference voltage has a simulated temperature coefficient of 8.3 ppm//spl deg/C over the temperature range of -40 to 125 /spl deg/C at the typical model. The circuit is designed using a standard 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. It can be operated under 1.8 V supply, while consuming 210 /spl mu/W, the die area is 0.045 mm/sup 2/.
In situ gelation properties of a collagen&ndash;genipin sol with a potential for the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers (2016)

We investigated the potential of collagen-genipin sols as biomaterials for treating artificial ulcers following endoscopic submucosal dissection. Collagen sol viscosity increased with condensation, allowing retention on tilted ulcers before gelation and resulting in collagen gel deposition on whole ulcers. The 1.44% collagen sols containing genipin as a crosslinker retained sol fluidity at 23°C for >20 min, facilitating endoscopic use. Collagen sols formed gel depositions on artificial ulcers in response to body temperature, and high temperature responsiveness of gelation because of increased neutral phosphate buffer concentration allowed for thick gel deposition on tilted ulcers. Finally, histological observations showed infiltration of gels into submucosal layers. Taken together, the present data show that genipin-induced crosslinking significantly improves the mechanical properties of collagen gels even at low genipin concentrations of 0.2-1 mM, warranting the use of in situ gelling collagen-genipin sols for endoscopic treatments of gastrointestinal ulcers.
710. The Skraup reaction. Formation of 5- and 7-substituted quinolines (1962)

M. H. Palmer, J. Chem. Soc., 1962, 3645 DOI: 10.1039/JR9620003645
Serum and Synovial Fluid Interleukin-6 for the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infection (2017)

A gold standard for diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) has not yet been established. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum and synovial fluid interleukin (IL)-6 levels for PJI. The MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for studies describing PJI diagnosis using serum and synovial fluid IL-6 and published between January 1990 and October 2016. Seventeen studies were included in the analysis. The pooled sensitivities of serum and synovial fluid IL-6 were 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63-0.80) and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.82-0.96), respectively. The pooled specificities of serum and synovial fluid IL-6 were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.77-0.95) and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.84-0.95), respectively. The pooled diagnostic odds ratios (DORs) of serum and synovial fluid IL-6 were 20 (95% CI: 7-58) and 101 (95% CI: 28-358), respectively, and the pooled areas under the curve (AUCs) were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79-0.86) and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94-0.98), respectively. Synovial fluid IL-6 had high diagnostic value for PJI. Although serum IL-6 test was less sensitive than synovial fluid IL-6 test, it may be regularly prescribed for patients with prosthetic failure owing to its high specificity.
Cellular localization of cyclooxygenase‐1 and cyclooxygenase‐2 in the normal mouse, rat, and human retina (2002)

Prostaglandins, synthesized by cyclooxygenase (COX), regulate diverse neurophysiological actions such as regulation of autonomic responses, transmission of pain, generation of fever, control of sleep-wake cycle, synaptic signaling, and cross-talk between neurons and glia in the central nervous system. Although prostaglandins have been widely studied in the anterior segment tissues of the eye, relatively little is known about prostaglandins in the neural retina. By using immunohistochemistry, we have compared the cellular expression and localization of COX-1 and COX-2 in the normal mouse, rat, and human retina. In the normal mouse retina, COX-1 immunoreactivity is present in the outer segments of photoreceptor cells, horizontal cells, microglia, retinal ganglion cells, and displaced amacrine cells. In the normal rat retina, COX-1 immunoreactivity is present in microglia, retinal ganglion cells, and displaced amacrine cells. In the normal human retina, COX-1 immunoreactivity is present in microglia, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells, and displaced amacrine cells. In the normal mouse and rat retina, COX-2 immunoreactivity is present in processes of the outer plexiform layer and in certain amacrine cells and retinal ganglion cells. In the normal human retina, COX-2 immunoreactivity is only present in processes of the outer plexiform layer. These results suggest that prostaglandins, synthesized by COX-1 or COX-2, may contribute to normal physiological and homeostatic functions in the retina.
Near‐field absorption in a circular cylinder from electric and magnetic line sources (1982)

A homogeneous, lossy circular cylinder is used as a simple model of a biological object in which interior heating is produced by the absorption of electromagnetic waves. For this model, we determined the optimum frequency, polarization, orientation and shape of applicators. Analytical and numerical results are given for both electric and magnetic line sources, with three different polarizations relative to the cylinder. Coupling efficiencies and contour plots are presented for a range of parameters. One particularly interesting result is the production of maximum energy deposition at the center of a cylinder of muscle tissue when exposed in the 100-MHz frequency range by the use of four applicators surrounding the cylinder.
Privacy without noise (2009)

This paper presents several results on statistical database privacy. We first point out a serious vulnerability in a widely-accepted approach which perturbs query results with additive noise. We then show that for sum queries which aggregate across all records, when the dataset is sufficiently large, the inherent uncertainty associated with unknown quantities is enough to provide similar perturbation and the same privacy can be obtained without external noise. Sum query is a surprisingly general primitive supporting a large number of data mining algorithms such as SVD, PCA, k-means, ID3, SVM, EM, and all the algorithms in the statistical query model. We derive privacy conditions for sum queries and provide the first mathematical proof for the intuition that aggregates across a large number of individuals is private using a widely accepted notion of privacy. We also show how the results can be used to construct simulatable query auditing algorithms with stronger privacy.
Design and Development of Embedded System for Monitoring Driver Behaviour using Lane Sensors (2014)

On highways, single-vehicle road departures account for approximately one fourth of all accidents and one third of all fatalities, statistics that emphasize the risk of inconsistent driving. As “passive ” safety or “crash protection technology ” have become standard on most passenger and commercial vehicles, many vehicle manufacturers are shifting their focus beyond the minimum regulations and are working toward “Active ” safety technologies to prevent accidents before they occur. Existing driver assist or warning systems are focused on collision avoidance, driver assistance, driver status and perception. They use high end sensing technologies like Cameras, Radar, LIDAR, and US Navigation data. Although they provide accurate assistance and warning they use expensive and complex technology. In this paper, Driver Behaviour Monitoring System (DBMS) has been developed for monitoring the position of a vehicle within a roadway lane and to warn the driver if the vehicle deviates outside the lane. The use of DBMS provides immediate warnings to drivers regarding unintentional lane departure events, which may improve driving performance over time. The design presented here serves as a framework for monitoring driving behaviour with the features like low cost, less complexity and reliable technology. Road testing with DBMS has been carried out under different testing conditions. DBMS is identifying and differentiating both white and yellow lane markings, in daytime as well as night time conditions and gives necessary alert
Algicidal Bacteria in the Sea and their Impact on Algal Blooms<sup>1</sup> (2004)

Over the past two decades, many reports have revealed the existence of bacteria capable of killing phytoplankton. These algicidal bacteria sometimes increase in abundance concurrently with the decline of algal blooms, suggesting that they may affect algal bloom dynamics. Here, we synthesize the existing knowledge on algicidal bacteria interactions with marine eukaryotic microalgae. We discuss the effectiveness of the current methods to characterize the algicidal phenotype in an ecosystem context. We briefly consider the literature on the phylogenetic identification of algicidal bacteria, their interaction with their algal prey, the characterization of algicidal molecules, and the enumeration of algicidal bacteria during algal blooms. We conclude that, due to limitations of current methods, the evidence for algicidal bacteria causing algal bloom decline is circumstantial. New methods and an ecosystem approach are needed to test hypotheses on the impact of algicidal bacteria in algal bloom dynamics. This will require enlarging the scope of inquiry from its current focus on the potential utility of algicidal bacteria in the control of harmful algal blooms. We suggest conceptualizing bacterial algicidy within the general problem of bacterial regulation of algal community structure in the ocean.
A novel parallel fast motion estimation algorithm (2005)

In this paper, a novel motion estimation algorithm is proposed. Candidate points are located in three regions, where search takes place parallel. The proposed algorithm can conquer the problem of local minimum effectively and reduce the computational complexity greatly, whose performance is comparable to that of the full search and the UMHexagonS algorithm used in H.264. The computer simulation results of the proposed technique compared with full search and other fast motion estimation algorithms are given for various sequences.
Chemometric Assessment of Chromatographic Methods for Herbal Medicines Authentication and Fingerprinting (2017)

Nowadays, increasingly more individuals turn to supplementation of the diet with herbal medicines and many such products are marketed lately. Thus the problem that this article focuses on is that these products are not subjected to rigorous quality control like synthetic drugs are, which rises a constant debate whether the supplements actually contain the herb or mixture of herbs that the manufacturer claims they do. As a solution, micellar electrokinetic chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography were investigated in order to fingerprint and authenticate herbal medicines. For this purpose, minimal sample pre-treatment was applied to several fruit based herbal medicines, which were compared with the ethanolic extract of the respective fruit. The holistic evaluation of the electropherograms and chromatograms was made by using appropriate chemometric tools, such as principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis and a combination of PCA and linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA). The results suggest that the developed method was able to successfully discriminate between different herbal medicines, based on their raw material content. Moreover, this simple and efficient methodology might also be used for routine screening and authenticity control of different products and could be implemented in any quality control laboratory.
Enterostomal therapists (1979)

Croton-on-Hudson, N. Y. Although LPNs and LVNs can't become enlerostomal therapists, they can take a course in ostomy care being offered at The Jewish Hospital of St. Louis. The free, 1-week workshop covers basic anatomy and physiology as well as the conditions leading to the construction of stomas. Continuing education units will be offered. The workshop is open to all LPNs, LVNs, and RNs who are currently employed by a hospital or healthcare agency. For more information, contact Ira J. Kodner, MD, director, Enterostomal Care Center, Waldheim Department of Surgery, The Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, 216 S. Kingshighway Boulevard, St. Louis, Mo. 63110. -ED.
Three-Dimensional Microvascular Networks Fractal Structure: Potential for Tissue Characterization? (1999)

Abstract It has been shown that the fractal dimension of 2D microvascular networks can discriminate between normal vs. tumor tissue (Gazit et al., 1995, 1997). We have determined the fractal characteristics of five 3D microvascular networks and conclude on the correlation between the computed fractal characteristics and the nature of the tissue of origin. The networks considered in the fractal analysis study were one rat tumor network (RT), one nude mouse tumor (NMT), one hamster skeletal muscle (HSM), one rat cremaster (RC), and one rat cerebral cortex (RCC). The networks were digitized in a 3D lattice starting from the known length, diameter and position of each segment in the network. The digitization process was performed such that the ratio between the initial occupation fraction of the vessels in the network and the occupation fraction after digitization is close to one. The resultant cubic lattices were analyzed using the concept of asymptotic fractals. The fractal dimension df, and the minimum path dimension dmin (that measures the tortuosity of the vessels) were determined for all the networks. Fractal behavior was noticed on length scales from 1–1.3 decades, dependent on the actual network size. The values obtained for the fractal dimension for the RT, NMT, RCC, RC and HSM microvascular networks are respectively, 2.6, 2.2, 2.29, 2.12 and 2.08. For the minimum dimension the values obtained are: 1.2, 1.1, 1.16, 1.1, and 1.1. By analyzing the available data, preliminary conclusions lead us to believe that a correlation between the fractal characteristics and tissue type might exist. Another important aspect is that the 3D RT microvascular network seems to have a percolation-like scaling which can be beneficial in monitoring the growing pattern using invasion percolation growth models. However, for general conclusions to be drawn, more networks have to be analyzed.
Antibody to Genital Herpes Simplex Virus: Association With Cervical Atypia and Carcinoma<italic>In Situ</italic><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref> (1970)

Multiplicity analyses using an artificial mixture of two strains of herpes simplex virus, a prototype of the genital strain (HSV-2) and a laboratory strain designated HSV-MP, were used to differentiate antibodies to the oral and genital strains of herpes simplex virus in sera from patients with cervical carcinoma. The studies indicate that the prevalence of antibodies to the genital variant of the virus was identical in patients with cytologically, histologically, and colposcopically confirmed atypia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma. Statistically significant differences (P <0.0005) were observed between HSV-2 antibodies in these patients and a matched control population, differences which do not exist in two other venereally transmitted diseases. Epidemiologic evidence has long implicated a venereally transmitted factor in the etiology of cervical carcinoma. This investigation supports the hypothesis that genital herpes simplex virus may be responsible for the induction of squamous neoplasia in the human cervix.
Quantum Dot-Organic Polymer Composite Materials for Radiation Detection and Imaging (2012)

Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals exhibit physical properties that are characteristic of intermediate size scales between molecular states and solid state materials, and are often called quantum dots. Solid state semiconductor materials have been used extensively as scintillation detectors for ionizing radiation. We describe the use of semiconductor quantum dot-organic polymer composites for use as scintillation detectors and report the use of quantum dot-polymer composite thin films for X-ray imaging.
Optimization of electrospun TiO <sub>2</sub> nanofibers photoanode film for dye‐sensitized solar cells through interfacial pre‐treatment, controllable calcination, and surface post‐treatment (2013)

Dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are generally viewed as next generation photovoltaic devices. Electrospun TiO 2 nanofibers (NFs) film can be used to construct photoanode for DSSCs. A systematic strategy to optimize such a novel photoanode material of DSSCs was elaborated in this paper. A main drawback of NFs photoanode is the poor adhesion of ceramic NFs film to its conductive glass substrate. This problem can be well solved by sandwiching a transition layer between the overlaid NFs film and the underlaid glass substrate through an interfacial spin‐coating pre‐treatment. After electrospinning, a controllable calcination is also indispensable for obtaining an ideal nanofibrous mat with good morphology and adhesion. The choice of calcination parameters including temperature, holding time, and heating rate was discussed in detail. In addition, a surface TiCl 4 post‐treatment can further improve adhesion as well as strength for the NFs photoanode film. And the performance of the resulting DSSCs will benefit from the TiCl 4 post‐treatment. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.