gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Relation between Use of Oral Contraceptives and Thromboembolic Disease. A Further Report (1969)

The results of a previous study of the use of oral contraceptives by married women discharged from hospital with a diagnosis of thromboembolic disease in the years 1964-6 were reported by us last year. The present paper adds results relating to patients discharged during 1967 and a few data, that could not be sought previously, for patients discharged with cerebral or coronary thrombosis from three of the hospitals in the earlier period.Of 84 patients with deep-vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism 42 (50%) had used oral contraceptives during the month preceding the onset of their illness, while only 23 of the 168 controls (14%) had done so. No differences in risk were found either for the types of preparation or for the duration of use. After allowance for age and height, the patients with venous thromboembolism were about 10 lb. (4,535 g.) heavier than the control patients, irrespective of whether they were using oral contraceptives or not. No appreciable difference was found between the smoking habits of patients with and without venous thromboembolism treated during 1967, nor between women who were using oral contraceptives and those who were not. The trend in hospital admissions for venous thromboembolism with time corresponded to the trend in the use of oral contraceptives, and there was no evidence to suggest that the number of admissions was affected by publicity about the risk of using the preparations. Of 19 patients with cerebral thrombosis 11 (58%) had been using oral contraceptives, compared with an expected figure of 3.5 from the experience of the control subjects. All the published data (clinical, angiographic, and post-mortem) show that the thrombosis affects the cerebral arteries rather than the cerebral veins. Of 17 patients with coronary thrombosis 2 (12%) had been using oral contraceptives, compared with an expected figure of 2.1. The patients with coronary thrombosis smoked more than the control patients and were, on average, 8.3 lb. (3,765 g.) heavier than control women of the same age and height.The new evidence strengthens the belief that oral contraceptives are a cause of venous thromboembolism and cerebral thrombosis but does not indicate that they are a cause of coronary thrombosis.
Memristive Boltzmann machine: A hardware accelerator for combinatorial optimization and deep learning (2016)

The Boltzmann machine is a massively parallel computational model capable of solving a broad class of combinatorial optimization problems. In recent years, it has been successfully applied to training deep machine learning models on massive datasets. High performance implementations of the Boltzmann machine using GPUs, MPI-based HPC clusters, and FPGAs have been proposed in the literature. Regrettably, the required all-to-all communication among the processing units limits the performance of these efforts. This paper examines a new class of hardware accelerators for large-scale combinatorial optimization and deep learning based on memristive Boltzmann machines. A massively parallel, memory-centric hardware accelerator is proposed based on recently developed resistive RAM (RRAM) technology. The proposed accelerator exploits the electrical properties of RRAm to realize in situ, fine-grained parallel computation within memory arrays, thereby eliminating the need for exchanging data between the memory cells and the computational units. Two classical optimization problems, graph partitioning and boolean satisfiability, and a deep belief network application are mapped onto the proposed hardware. As compared to a multicore system, the proposed accelerator achieves 57x higher performance and 25x lower energy with virtually no loss in the quality of the solution to the optimization problems. The memristive accelerator is also compared against an RRAM based processing-in-memory (PIM) system, with respective performance and energy improvements of 6.89x and 5.2x.
The Solubility of Carbon Dioxide in Water at Various Temperatures from 12 to 40° and at Pressures to 500 Atmospheres. Critical Phenomena<sup>*</sup> (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Solubility of Carbon Dioxide in Water at Various Temperatures from 12 to 40° and at Pressures to 500 Atmospheres. Critical Phenomena*R. Wiebe and V. L. GaddyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1940, 62, 4, 815–817Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01861a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01861a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views17947Altmetric-Citations378LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phenomenological Study on Motherhood Experiences of Female Inmates (2019)

본 연구는 여성수형자들이 교도소 안에서 아기를 키우며 경험하게 되는 모성 경험을 심층적으로 탐색하여 그 본질적인 의미구조를 이해하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이 연구 목적을 달성하기 위한 현상학적 연구 질문은 “여성수형자들이 공간, 시간, 신체, 관계에서 경험한 모성은 어떠한 것이며 그 경험의 본질적 의미는 무엇인가” 이다. 교도소 내에서 아기를 키우는 여성수형자들의 모성 체험은 van Manen의 생활세계 4가지 실존체인 체험적 공간, 체험적 시간, 체험적 신체, 체험적 관계로 구분되어 들여다 볼 수 있다. 이들 각각의 실존체가 갖는 독특한 의미를 통해 발견한 여성수형자들의 모성경험의 본질은 ‘놓음’ 이다. 그들은 자신을 위해 붙들고 있던 아기의 손과 의지했던 마음을 놓으며 모성을 경험하였다. 이에 본 연구는 여성수형자의 모성 경험을 통해 모성이 갖는 의미에 대한 깊이 있는 사유와 인간의 밑마음에 대한 공감과 이해의 자료로 사용될 것으로 기대한다.This study, which conducted an in-depth exploration on the experiences of female inmates while raising a child in prison, aimed to understand the essential structure of its meaning. Research question for this purpose was “What is actual motherhood experience of female inmates in regard to space, time, body and relationship, and what is the essential meaning of those experiences?”. Motherhood experiences of female inmates raising a child in prison could be looked at by dividing into four substances of van Manen in everyday lived experiences - experienced space, experienced time, experienced body and experienced relationship. The essence of motherhood experiences of female inmates, which was revealed through the unique meanings of each of these substances, was ‘release’. They experienced motherhood as they released the hands of child and their heart held for themselves. The study expects the findings could be used as materials to understand and sympathize with deep thought on the meanings of motherhood and human’s inner heart related with maternal experiences of female inmates.
Best Fire codes with length up to 1200 bits (Corresp.) (1970)

This correspondence presents 11 tables of best unshortened Fire codes of length up to 1200 bits, classified into groups according to their relative redundancy.
Interaction of IgE with Its High-Affinity Receptor (1989)

Structural interactions between IgE and its high-affinity receptor have been investigated with the methods of fluorescence resonance energy transfer and genetic engineering. The results indicate that IgE has a bent conformation when bound to receptor on the cell surface and that the site of interaction is contained in the C epsilon 2 and C epsilon 3 domains; the C-terminal domain, C epsilon 4, is not required for binding. Cross-linking of IgE-receptor complexes is required for signal transduction across the plasma membrane. Binding studies with defined bivalent ligands indicate that structural and/or kinetic features determine the functional effectiveness of the cross-linked states.
Rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric reactions with a dynamic library of chiral tropos phosphorus ligands (2006)

Abstract Nineteen chiral tropos phosphorus ligands, based on a flexible (tropos) biphenol unit and a chiral P-bound alcohol (11 phosphites) or secondary amine (8 phosphoramidites), were screened, individually and as a combination of two, in various Rh-catalyzed asymmetric reactions. In the Rh-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of phenylboronic acid to cyclic enones, enantiomeric excesses (ee's) up to 95 % were obtained with a 1:1 mixture of a phosphite [derived from (1 R ,2 S )-2-(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)cyclohexanol] and a phosphoramidite [derived from ( S , S )-2,5-diphenylpyrrolidine]. In the mixed Rh precatalyst, which was characterized via 31 P-NMR, the biphenol-derived phosphite is free to rotate (tropos) while the biphenol-derived phosphoramidite shows a temperature-dependent tropos/atropos behavior (coalescence temperature = 310 K). The ligands were also screened in the hydrogenation of dehydro-α-amino acids and dehydro-β-amino acids. Ee's up to 98% were obtained for the dehydro-α-amino acids, using the combination of a phosphite [derived from (1 R ,2 S )-2-phenyl-1-cyclohexanol] and a phosphoramidite [derived from ( S , S )-bis(α-methylbenzyl)amine]. The reaction was optimized by lowering the phosphite/phosphoramidite ratio to 0.25:1.75 with a resulting improvement of the product ee.
Recent Advances in the Genetics of Autoimmune Disease (2008)

Extraordinary technical advances in the field of human genetics over the past few years have catalyzed an explosion of new information about the genetics of human autoimmunity. In particular, the ability to scan the entire genome for common polymorphisms that associate with disease has led to the identification of numerous new risk genes involved in autoimmune phenotypes. Several themes are emerging. Autoimmune disorders have a complex genetic basis; multiple genes contribute to disease risk, each with generally modest effects independently. In addition, it is now clear that common genes underlie multiple autoimmune disorders. There is also heterogeneity among subphenotypes within a disease and across major racial groups. The current crop of genetic associations are only the start of a complete catalog of genetic factors for autoimmunity, and it remains unclear to what extent common variation versus multiple rare variants contribute to disease susceptibility. The current review focuses on recent discoveries within functionally related groups of genes that provide clues to novel pathways of pathogenesis for human autoimmunity.
Work profile and functional capacity of formwork carpenters at construction sites (2001)

The dynamic and repetitive sub-maximal nature of the work of formwork carpentry induced an elevation of job-specific lifting and carrying capacities among the FCs. The job and functional capacity profiles would be useful for formulating guidelines for the rehabilitation of injured workers and the training of new workers in the trade.
Gene Expression Profiling in Lymph Node-Positive and Lymph Node-Negative Pancreatic Cancer (2007)

We have identified genes that may play an important role in metastasis and survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. These results provide new insight into the study of human pancreatic cancer metastasis, including lymph node metastasis, and ultimately may lead to improving early diagnosis and discovering innovative therapeutic approaches for cancer.
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Fiber Optic Monitoring Of Composites During Cure In An Autoclave (1990)

Real time in situ monitoring of the chemical states of epoxy resins were investigated during cure in an autoclave using infrared evanescent spectroscopy. Fiber evanescent sensors were developed which may be sandwiched between the plies of the prepreg sample. In this work a short length of sapphire fiber as the sensor cell portion of the fiber probe was utilized. Heavy metal fluoride glass (HMFG) optical fiber cables were designed for connecting the FTIR spectrometer to the sensor fiber within the autoclave. The sapphire fibers have outstanding mechanical properties (Young's Modulus 65 = Mpsi) and outstanding thermal properties (T. = 2000°C) which should permit their use as an embedded link in all thermoset composites. The system is capable of operation at a temperature of 250Ã‚Â°C (482 °F) for periods up to 8 hours without major changes to the fiber transmission. A discussion of the selection of suitable sensor fibers, the construction of a fiber optic interface, and the interpretation of in situ infrared spectra of the curing process is pre-sented.
High doses of immunoglobulin G attenuate immune aggregate-mediated complement activation by enhancing physiologic cleavage of C3b in C3bn- IgG complexes (1996)

Intravenously applied human IgG has beneficial effects in treating inflammatory diseases, presumably because it has a complement attenuating role. This role of IgG was studied in vitro by following C3 activation and inactivation in sera that were supplemented with exogenous human IgG and incubated with immune aggregates. IgG added at 2 to 10 mg/mL stimulated the physiologic inactivation of C3b-containing complexes twofold to threefold in 20% sera. This, in turn, lowered the overall C3 activation by 28%, as new C3 convertases primarily assembled on C3b-containing complexes. Exogenous IgG (5 mg/mL) also stimulated inactivation of purified C3b2-IgG complexes, whereby their half-life dropped from 3–4 to 1.5 minutes in 20% serum. IgG appeared to act like a modulator of factor H and I because it did not stimulate inactivation of C3b-containing complexes in factor I-deficient serum. Thus, the known partial protection of C3bn-IgG complexes from inactivation by factor H and I was downregulated by high concentrations of IgG. The ability of high doses of IgG to stimulate complement inactivation is a novel regulatory role of IgG. This may be one of the molecular principles for its therapeutic efficacy in treating complement-mediated inflammations.
Practicing JUDO (2000)

A high-performance implementation of a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) consists of efficient implementation of Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation, exception handling, synchronization mechanism, and garbage collection (GC). These components are tightly coupled to achieve high performance. In this paper, we present some static and dynamic techniques implemented in the JIT compilation and exception handling of the Microprocessor Research Lab Virtual Machine (MRL VM), i.e., lazy exceptions, lazy GC mapping, dynamic patching, and bounds checking elimination. Our experiments used IA-32 as the hardware platform, but the optimizations can be generalized to other architectures.
Demystifying and mitigating TCP stalls at the server side (2015)

TCP is an important factor affecting user-perceived performance of Internet applications. Diagnosing the causes behind TCP performance issues in the wild is essential for better understanding the current shortcomings in TCP. This paper presents a TCP flow performance analysis framework that classifies causes of TCP stalls. The framework forms the basis of a tool that is publicly available to the research community. We use our tool to analyze packet-level traces of three services (cloud storage, software download and web search) deployed by a popular Chinese service provider. We find that as many as 20% of the flows are stalled for half of their lifetime. Network-related causes, especially timeout retransmission, dominate the stalls. A breakdown of the causes for timeout retransmission stalls reveals that double retransmission and tail retransmission are among the top contributors. The importance of these causes depends however on the specific service. We also propose S-RTO, a mechanism that mitigates timeout retransmission stalls. S-RTO has been deployed on production front-end servers and results show that it is effective at improving TCP performance, especially for short flows.
SodaJack: An Architecture For Agents That Search For And Manipulate Objects (1994)

This paper presents an architecture for agents that search for and manipulate objects. It is demonstrated in the SodaJack system, a system that animates a human working at a soda fountain. The system is constructed as a set of three interacting planners. Two of these planners are special-purpose modules which contribute context-specific plans for the tasks of searching for and manipulating objects. The search planner is used to convert knowledge acquisition goals into goals of searching locations. An object specific reasoner is used to build object sensitive plans for manipulating specific objects. Finally, an incremental hierarchical planner is used to integrate these two special purpose planners into a complete system which interleaves planning and acting. 1 Introduction Suppose that you had a personal robot assistant. Many of the commands you might give would require it go find an X and do Y with it. For example, the command Get a scoop and scoop the ice cream implicitly means, go...
Preparation and Hydrogel Properties of pH-Sensitive Amphoteric Chitin Nanocrystals (2018)

Different from single charged or uncharged nanocrystals, amphoteric chitin nanocrystals (A-ChNCs) with both amine and carboxylate groups prepared with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxy-radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation and partial deacetylation were individually nanodispersed by sonicating in water at pH 3 and pH 11. The effects of the amount of NaClO<sub>2</sub> added in TEMPO-oxidation, deacetylation time, and sequence of the two treatments on the weight recovery ratios of the A-ChNCs were investigated. The A-ChNCs prepared under optimum conditions had an average length of ∼544 nm and an average width of ∼10 nm. The A-ChNCs nanodispersed in water at pH 3 and pH 11 had absolute ζ-potentials of >30 mV; however, in neutral water, they formed aggregations, which were nanodispersed again when pH was adjusted to 3 or 11, showing pH sensitivity. Hydrogels of A-ChNC were prepared by adding saturated NaCl solution and adsorbed both anionic and cationic dyes. Freeze-dried A-ChNC aerogels had three-dimensional network structures containing abundant pores.
Isolation of a herpes simplex virus type 1 mutant deleted for the essential UL42 gene and characterization of its null phenotype (1991)

We isolated a cell line, designated V9, stably transformed with the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) UL42 gene, which is one of seven genes required in trans for the replication of plasmids containing an HSV origin of replication (C. A. Wu, N. J. Nelson, D. J. McGeoch, and M. D. Challberg, J. Virol. 62:435-443, 1988). V9 cells inducibly expressed the product of the UL42 gene, the 65-kDa DNA-binding protein (65KDBP), and were used as a permissive host to construct a mutant virus deleted for this essential gene. The UL42 deletion mutant, designated Cgal delta 42, displayed a tight early phenotype in nonpermissive Vero cells producing no infectious progeny, viral DNA, or late gene products but accumulated selected immediate-early and early transcripts with kinetics similar to those of wild-type virus. Wild-type levels of viral DNA and infectious progeny were produced in permissive V9 cells, despite the fact that V9 cells infected with Cgal delta 42 accumulated less than 1% of the UL42 RNA and protein found in Cgal+ virus-infected V9 or Vero cells. These results indicate that only small quantities of the 65KDBP are required for the synthesis of HSV DNA and the production of infectious virus. Although we could find no evidence that the superinduction of the 65KDBP in V9 cells infected with Cgal+ repressed expression of HSV-1 genes as observed in cells expressing another DNA-binding protein, ICP8 (P. K. Orberg and P. A. Schaffer, J. Virol. 61:1136-1146, 1987), the induction of the 65KDBP in V9 cells correlated with an approximately 2-h-earlier shift in the expression of genes from all three kinetic classes. The availability of the UL42 mutant should facilitate the construction of more subtle UL42 mutants which will be useful in the elucidation of the interrelationship between the 65KDBP and other DNA replication proteins as well as in the characterization of additional important functional domains.
Highly efficient optical filter based on vertically coupled photonic crystal cavity and bus waveguide (2013)

We experimentally demonstrate a new optical filter design based on a vertically coupled photonic crystal (PhC) cavity and a bus waveguide monolithically integrated on the silicon-on-insulator platform. The use of a vertically coupled waveguide gives flexibility in the choice of the waveguide material and dimensions, dramatically lowering the insertion loss while achieving very high coupling efficiencies to wavelength scale resonators and thus allows the creation of PhC-based optical filters with very high extinction ratio (>10 dB).
Coercivity enhancement in <i>L</i>11 Co50-xCuxPt50 thin films (2011)

This study investigates structural and magnetic properties of the (Co50-xCux)Pt50 films deposited on the MgO(111) substrate. Experimental results indicate that adding Cu significantly improves the alignment of L11[111] and decreases the structural defects of the epitaxial films. Additionally, a large increment of an order of magnitude in out-of-plane coercivity (Hc⊥) from 0.2 to 2.2 kOe is achieved when x is increased from 0 to 23. Such an increase accompanies a reduction of in-plane coercivity (Hc||) from 1.5 to less than 0.1 kOe. The enhancement in Hc⊥ is attributed to the domain wall pinning effect induced by compositional segregation of Cu and Co. This study provides an effective approach to optimize the perpendicular magnetic properties of L11 CoPt.
Migration of Sintered Nanosilver on Alumina and Aluminum Nitride Substrates at High Temperatures in Dry Air for Electronic Packaging (2014)

Joining semiconductor chips at low temperature (below 523 K) by sintering nanosilver paste is emerging as an alternative lead-free solution for power electronic packaging, particularly in high-temperature applications, because of the high melting temperature of silver (1234 K). However, silver is susceptible to migration. In this paper, we study the effects of dc bias, electrode spacing, and temperature on migration of sintered nanosilver on alumina (Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) and aluminum nitride (AlN) substrates. The “lifetime” of silver migration, which is defined as the time at which the leakage current reaches 1 mA, increases with decreasing bias voltage and temperature but with increasing spacing between the nanosilver electrodes. The lifetime of silver migration on the AlN substrate is much longer than that on the Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> substrate. A phenomenological model is proposed to predict well the lifetime of migration of sintered nanosilver on both the AlN and Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> substrates in dry air. The activation energy of silver migration of sintered nanosilver on both Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> and AlN is also obtained and discussed.