gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Effects of Hafnium and Boron Addition to Aluminum Alloy Films for Submicrometer LSI Interconnects (1993)

This is the first report on the mechanical properties of hafnium- and boron-added Al-Si-Cu alloy film for LSI interconnects. Two to three hundred ppm of hafnium and boron addition into Al-Si-Cu alloy film does not influence the Al alloy properties for metal lines as LSI interconnects, such as its low resistivity, low ohmic contact resistance with Si, and fine-line patterning feasibility. The mechanical properties of the Al alloy film, however, change greatly. Vertical hillock and lateral hillock formation is considerably suppressed during heat treatments used in LSI fabrication processes. Stress-induced void formation is also reduced during aging test at 125?C. These effects due to hafnium and boron addition are considered to be an impurity precipitation effect ihat was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis and electron probe microanalysis.
Efficient person searching in a peer-to-peer network (2005)

Internet applications such as voice over IP and instant messaging require the support of efficient person search. In these applications, a user often has a list of people whom he/she often calls, the so-called "hot list." Traditional structured peer-to-peer networks for file sharing, despite of their support of unique item search, are not efficient for person search. This is mainly because they do not take into account human communication characteristics such as close social network, user-dependent hot list, and high skewness in access popularity. We show in this paper that person search can be much more efficient by taking into consideration of our communication features. Based on Pastry, our system makes use of hot lists in the routing process and clusters people of the same community together in the search graph, thereof creating a "small-world" effect. Simulation results show that our scheme achieves significantly lower search time than Pastry (by as much as 50%).
Transcriptional regulation of human excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1): cloning of the<i>EAAT1</i>promoter and characterization of its basal and inducible activity in human astrocytes (2003)

Excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1) is one of the two glial glutamate transporters that clear the extracellular glutamate generated during neuronal signal transmission. Here, we cloned and characterized a 2.1-kb promoter region of human EAAT1 and investigated its function in the transcriptional regulation of the EAAT1 gene in human primary astrocytes. The full-length promoter region lacked TATA and CCAAT boxes and an initiator element, it contained several potential transcription factor-binding sites and it exhibited promoter activity in primary astrocytes and in several types of transformed cells. Consecutive 5'-deletion analysis of the EAAT1 promoter indicated the presence of negative and positive regulatory regions and a putative core promoter between -57 bp and +20 bp relative to the transcription start site (TSS). The core promoter contained a single GC-box in position -52/-39 and one E-box near the TSS and the GC-box site that was responsible for 90% of the basal promoter activity as determined by mutational analysis. Electrophoretic mobility shift, supershift and competition assays demonstrated binding of stimulating proteins (Sp) 1 and 3 to the GC-box and upstream stimulating factor (USF) 1 to the E-box. Treatment of primary human astrocytes with cellular modulators 8-bromo cyclic AMP and epidermal growth factor increased EAAT1 promoter activity in transient transfection assays and increased cellular EAAT1 mRNA expression and glutamate uptake by astrocytes. Conversely, tumor necrosis factor-alpha reduced both EAAT promoter activity and cellular EAAT1 mRNA expression. These results enable studies of transcriptional regulation of EAAT1 gene at the promoter level.
Müllerian Inhibiting Substance/Anti-Müllerian Hormone: A Potential Therapeutic Agent for Human Ovarian and Other Cancers (2010)

According to the 2008 American Cancer Society statistics, cancer remains the second leading cause of death in American today. Early detection, innovative surgery, new drugs and increased public education regarding avoidable risk factors, such as smoking, have had significant impact on the incidence and survival rates of many cancers, while overall death rates from all cancers have declined a modest 5% over the past 50 years. Ovarian cancer statistics, however, have not been as encouraging. Despite recent advances in the management of this disease, 5-year survival has not improved, and the search continues for rationally designed new treatments. Müllerian Inhibiting Substance is a strong candidate because it addresses many of the deficiencies of existing treatments. Namely, Müllerian Inhibiting Substance has little demonstrated toxicity, it complements the activity of known anticancer drugs, it is highly specific against cancers expressing its receptor and it inhibits the proliferation of drug-resistant tumors.
Teaching programming on a mobile device (2012)

From paper to computers, the way we have been writing down thoughts and performing symbolic computations has been constantly evolving. Teaching methods closely follow this trend, leveraging existing technology to make teaching more effective and preparing students for their later careers with available technologies. At present, we are in the middle of another technology shift: instead of using PCs and laptops, mobile devices are becoming more prevalent for most everyday computing tasks. We propose that computer programming, and thus the teaching of programming, can and should be done directly on the mobile devices themselves, without the need for a separate PC to write code. Programming on mobile devices engages students in new ways, allowing them to access and manipulate programmatically their most personal digital data such as pictures, videos, and music in an easy and intuitive way.
An implantable ion sensor transducer (1981)

This paper describes the design and construction of an ion-sensor transducer optimized for implant-able applications. The unique features of this chip include (1) borosilicate glass as a pH- sensor material with a more linear and closer to nernstian response than nitride, (2) an on-chip Ag/AgCl electrode, (3) polysilicon contacts to source and drain to replace the light-sensitive diffused interconnections found on other ISFET's, (4) Ti/Ag corrosion-resistant metallization, (5) a long narrow probe, and (6) junction isolation with the device in a p well on an n-type substrate to simplify encapsulation. The transducer can sense both pCL and pH and is suitable for pH measurement where more are negligible variations in the chloride concentration, as frequently occur in respiratory and metabolic acidosis.
EZH2 supports ovarian carcinoma cell invasion and/or metastasis via regulation of TGF-β1 and is a predictor of outcome in ovarian carcinoma patients (2010)

It was suggested that the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) gene is a putative candidate oncogene in several types of human cancer. The potential oncogenic role of EZH2 and its clinical/prognostic significance, however, in ovarian carcinoma are unclear. In this study, EZH2 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in cohorts of normal and tumorous ovarian tissues. High expression of EZH2 was examined in none of the normal ovaries, in 3% of the cystadenomas, in 23% of the borderline tumors and in 50% of the ovarian carcinomas, respectively. In the ovarian carcinomas, high expression of EZH2 was positively correlated with an ascending histological grade and/or advanced stage of the disease (P < 0.05). Moreover, high expression of EZH2 in ovarian carcinoma was determined to be a strong and an independent predictor of short overall survival (P < 0.05). In ovarian carcinoma HO-8910 and UACC-326 cell lines, EZH2 knockdown by RNA interference led to a G(1) phase cell cycle arrest, reduced cell growth/proliferation and inhibited cell migration and/or invasion in vitro. In addition, EZH2 knockdown was found to reduce transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) expression and increase E-cadherin expression either in the transcript or in the protein levels. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between overexpression of EZH2 and TGF-beta1 in ovarian carcinoma tissues was observed (P < 0.001). These findings suggest a potential important role of EZH2 in the control of cell migration and/or invasion via the regulation of TGF-beta1 expression, and the high expression of EZH2, as detected by IHC, is an independent molecular marker for shortened survival time of patients with ovarian carcinoma.
A new method for lateral force calibration in Atomic Force Microscopy (2005)

A new calibration method for quantitative lateral force measurement in atomic force microscope (AFM) is presented to measure lateral force accurately in nanotribology. The effect of contact stiffness on the conversion factor between lateral force and lateral signal is analyzed, and a new conversion factor involving a contact factor in the calibration procedure is proposed. The contact factor is affected by tip and cantilever stiffness and contact stiffness. Conventional conversion factor is determined experimentally and modified to involve the contact factor. The calibration results show that the dependency of the conventional conversion factor on the normal load and sample materials is eliminated by using the proposed method.
Resetting the <i>Drosophila</i> Clock by Photic Regulation of PER and a PER-TIM Complex (1996)

Circadian clocks can be reset by light stimulation. To investigate the mechanism of this phase shifting, the effects of light pulses on the protein and messenger RNA products of the Drosophila clock gene period (per) were measured. Photic stimuli perturbed the timing of the PER protein and messenger RNA cycles in a manner consistent with the direction and magnitude of the phase shift. In addition, the recently identified clock protein TIM (for timeless) interacted with PER in vivo, and this association was rapidly decreased by light. This disruption of the PER-TIM complex in the cytoplasm was accompanied by a delay in PER phosphorylation and nuclear entry and disruption in the nucleus by an advance in PER phosphorylation and disappearance. These results suggest a mechanism for how a unidirectional environmental signal elicits a bidirectional clock response.
GENERAL REMARKS (2014)

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SQAM: A New Superposed QAM Modem Technique (1985)

A spectral and power efficient modulation techniquesuperposed quadrature amplitude modulation (SQAM-is introduced. In SQAM, the premodulation baseband signal is a double-interval ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2T_{s}</tex> ) raised-cosine pulse superposed with weighted single-interval (T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</inf> ) raisedcosine pulses. Our results indicate that SQAM has spectral advantages over OQPSK, QBL, and MSK, and better <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P(e)</tex> performance than MSK, IJF-OQPSK (or SQORC), and TFM.
Basic characteristics of ecological tourism resources and evaluation of its attraction tropism in Linzhi , Tibet (2006)

The results of the field survey of the tourism resources in Linzhi of Tibet showed that the tourism resources in this area were characterized by large quantity , diversified types , distinct features , good taste and good integration.The attraction tropism of the ecological tourism resources could be divided into international type , domestic type and provincial type .Based on the unique tourism resources in Linzhi , the national evaluation criteria for tourism resources and the analysis of target customers of the tourism markets , a fuzzy classification of the attraction tropism of the ecological tourism resources in Linzhi was put forward for the reference of the development decision .It was suggested when developing the tourism in Linzhi , great importance should be attached to the international market and one or two famous international tourism routes should be opened up to attract more tourists . [ Ch , 1 fig .2 tab .15 ref .]
Evaluation of IEEE 1394 serial bus for distributed data acquisition (2002)

One trend in accelerator instrumentation is the digitization of signals further upstream in the signal processing chain. In some systems, this leads to distributed data sources that must be interconnected in a standard way. IEEE 1394 Serial Bus provides a possible interconnection standard for these systems. With Serial Bus, data acquisition is implemented via memory to memory transfers within a distributed 64 bit address space. Because this functionality is provided in silicon, software overhead is significantly reduced. This technology is under evaluation for use in the RHIC position monitor system. Using this example system, the suitability of IEEE 1394 for the accelerator environment is described. Also, the results from recent tests are presented.
Polysubstituted dihydropyrans via the enolate Claisen rearrangement. A stereocontrolled route to C-pyranosides (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolysubstituted dihydropyrans via the enolate Claisen rearrangement. A stereocontrolled route to C-pyranosidesSteven D. Burke, David M. Armistead, and Frank J. SchoenenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 22, 4320–4322Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00196a049https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00196a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views190Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mouse MRP8 and MRP14, two intracellular calcium-binding proteins associated with the development of the myeloid lineage (1992)

MRP8 and MRP14 are two S100-like calcium-binding proteins of unknown function, associated with numbers of human inflammatory disorders. Both molecules have been described as L1 complex, cystic fibrosis antigen, or p8 and p14. We report here the cloning of mouse MRP8 and MRP14 and their pattern of expression during hematopoiesis. Mouse MRP8 and MRP14 proteins share 59% identity with their human counterparts, but they are more divergent than the other members of the S100 protein family. Mouse MRP proteins are coexpressed in fetal myeloid progenitors, where they are detected as early as day 11 of gestation. In fetal liver and yolk sac, MRP+ cell populations increased in number, in association with the development of the myeloid lineage. In adult mouse, we identified MRP8 and MRP14 proteins in immature myeloid cells of the bone marrow, myeloid cells in the splenic red pulp and marginal zone, in addition to monocytes and blood neutrophils. However, MRP expression is lost as cells terminally differentiate into tissue macrophages. In addition, using thioglycollate-induced peritoneal inflammatory exudates, we showed that MRP8 and MRP14 proteins are highly expressed in recruited neutrophils and monocytes.
Stability control for lateral vehicle motion with uncertain parameters and external nonlinearities (2013)

In this paper, the problem of tracking control for vehicle lateral dynamics is investigated, whose aim is to improve vehicle handling and stability, in the presence of parameter uncertainties and external nonlinearities. An adaptive robust controller (ARC) is designed based on backstepping technology to achieve two targets: the first one is to control the sideslip angle as small as possible; and the second one is to keep the real yaw rate tracking the desired yaw rate. In addition, to overcome the problem of “explosion of complexity” caused by backstepping method in the traditional ARC design, the filtering technique is used to estimate the derivative of the virtual control. Finally, a nonlinear vehicle model is employed as the design example to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control laws.
Fabrication of fluoropolymer piezoelectrets by using rigid template: Structure and thermal stability (2010)

Fluorocarbon films with regular void structure, made of compact fluoroethylenepropylene (FEP), or skived polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and patterned porous PTFE layers, are successfully fabricated by using a rigid template and fusion bonding process. A corona charging technique is used to make the films piezoelectric, i.e., to be piezoelectrets. The results show that the typical Young’s moduli of the films are in the range of 0.45–0.80 MPa. A maximum quasistatic piezoelectric d33 coefficient up to 500 pC/N is achieved. Compared to the laminated FEP/porous PTFE piezoelectrets without regular void structure, the presently fabricated films show significantly improved thermal stability. Furthermore, when the films are designed, fabricated, and corona charged such that positive charges are deposited in the porous PTFE layers, the thermal stability of d33 coefficients can be further improved. For example, after annealing at 90 °C for 4500 min, these samples have a remaining d33 value of 86% compared with 77% for samples where positive charges are deposited in both, the porous PTFE and the compact FEP layers.
The Use of Two Continuous Glucose Sensors During and After Surgery (2005)

Technical performance and accuracy of continuous glucose sensors need improvement before continuous glucose sensors can be used to monitor strict glycemic control during and after surgery.
Speech recognition in noise and perceived effort (2008)

Speech recognition in noise is an effortful process requiring explicit cognitive processing. It may be influenced by noise modulation and signal processing when hearing is aided. The relationship may be understood in terms of the working memory model for Ease of language Understanding. According to ELU, subjects with good explicit cognitive capacity will be better listeners and previous work suggests they find listening less effortful.
Carbon Fiber Surface Modification by Plasma Treatment for Interface Adhesion Improvements of Aerospace Composites (2016)

This paper is focused on the processing of thermoplastic composite materials obtained from carbon fibers (CFs) treated by plasma assisted techniques. The treatments employed in this work were the Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD), which is done at atmospheric pressure, involving lower energies and the Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation (PIII), which is performed at low pressure, involving higher energies. After the treatments, samples characterizations were performed to determine which treatment is most effective to get better physico-chemical CF surface properties. The techniques employed in this work in order to evaluate the surface treatment were: scanning electron microscopy (SEM); atomic force microscopy (AFM) Raman spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Treated and untreated CFs/Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) composites were processed by hot-compression molding technique. These composites were evaluated by interlaminar shear tests (ILSS). After analyzing the results, it was found that the treatments increased the CF roughness and caused slight changes in the CF structure. In addition, there was an increase in the shear strength of the composites obtained from treated fibers by both plasma processes. In conclusion, DBD and PIII treatments are effective tools for improving adhesion between CF and the polymeric matrix.
Who Really Spoke When? Finding Speaker Turns and Identities in Broadcast News Audio (2006)

Automatic speaker segmentation and clustering methods have improved considerably over the last few years in the broadcast news domain. However, these generally still produce locally consistent relative labels (such as spkr1, spkr2) rather than true speaker identities (such as Bill Clinton, Ted Koppel). This paper presents a system which attempts to find these true identities from the text transcription of the audio using lexical pattern matching, and shows the effect on performance when using state-of-the-art speaker clustering and speech-to-text transcription systems instead of manual references
Media Prophylaxis: Night Modes and the Politics of Preventing Harm (2018)

This article develops the term “media prophylaxis” to analyze the ways technologies are applied to challenges of calibrating one’s body with its environment and as defenses against endemic, human-made harms. In recent years, self-illuminated screens (like those of computers, phones, and tablets) have been identified by scientists, journalists, and concerned individuals as particularly pernicious sources of sleep-disrupting light. By tracing the history of circadian research, the effects of light on sleep patterns, and the recent appearance of software like “f.lux,” Apple’s “Night Shift,” and “Twilight,” this article shows how media-prophylactic technologies can individualize responsibility for preventing harm while simultaneously surfacing otherwise ignored forms of chronic suffering.
Supervised Learning for Suicidal Ideation Detection in Online User Content (2018)

Early detection and treatment are regarded as the most effective ways to prevent suicidal ideation and potential suicide attempts—two critical risk factors resulting in successful suicides. Online communication channels are becoming a new way for people to express their suicidal tendencies. This paper presents an approach to understand suicidal ideation through online user‐generated content with the goal of early detection via supervised learning. Analysing users’ language preferences and topic descriptions reveals rich knowledge that can be used as an early warning system for detecting suicidal tendencies. Suicidal individuals express strong negative feelings, anxiety, and hopelessness. Suicidal thoughts may involve family and friends. And topics they discuss cover both personal and social issues. To detect suicidal ideation, we extract several informative sets of features, including statistical, syntactic, linguistic, word embedding, and topic features, and we compare six classifiers, including four traditional supervised classifiers and two neural network models. An experimental study demonstrates the feasibility and practicability of the approach and provides benchmarks for the suicidal ideation detection on the active online platforms: Reddit SuicideWatch and Twitter.