gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tweeting the Night Away: Using Twitter to Enhance Social Presence (2009)

To be truly effective, online learning must facilitate the social process of learning. This involves providing space and opportunities for students and faculty to engage in social activities. Although learning management systems offer several tools that support social learning and student engagement, the scope, structure, and functionality of those tools can inhibit and restrain just-in-time social connections and interactions. In this teaching tip, we describe our use of Twitter to encourage free-flowing just-in-time interactions and how these interactions can enhance social presence in online courses. We then describe instructional benefits of Twitter, and conclude with guidelines for incorporating Twitter in online courses.
Chiral Binol–Bisboronic Acid as Fluorescence Sensor for Sugar Acids (2004)

A novel fluorescence response to enantiomeric analytes was observed for binol–bisboronic acid sensors (R- or S-1): One enantiomer of the analyte enhances and the other enantiomer diminishes the fluorescence of 1. So, the fluorescence intensity of R-1 was enhanced by D-tartaric acid and diminished by L-tartaric acid (see scheme). These changes are mirrored by the S sensor. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2004/z54033_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Joint STARS phased array radar antenna (2002)

The Joint STARS phased array radar system is capable of performing long range airborne surveillance and was used during the Persian Gulf war on two E8-A aircraft to fly many around-the-clock missions to monitor the Kuwait and Iraq battlefield from a safe distance behind the front lines. This paper is a follow-on to the author's previous work (1990, 1991) on the subject of the Joint STARS antenna and deals mainly with mission performance and technical aspects not previously covered. Radar data of troop movements and armament installations will be presented, a brief review of the antenna design is given, followed by technical discussions concerning the three-port interferometry, gain and sidelobe design approach, cost control, range test implementation and future improvements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Penetration of cyclosporin A into the rabbit cornea and aqueous humor after topical drop and collagen shield administration. (1994)

We used commercially available 12-hour collagen shields to deliver cyclosporin A (CsA) to the cornea and aqueous humor in rabbit eyes. Six New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups. The first group (four eyes) received 6 mg of CsA in castor oil and the second group (four eyes) received 6 mg of CsA in olive oil applied as topical drops to rabbit eyes within 12 hours. In the third group (four eyes) 12-hour collagen shields soaked in 6 mg CsA in olive oil were applied to rabbit eyes. The amount of CsA in corneal and aqueous samples from eyes treated with CsA castor oil and CsA olive oil were compared with each other and with collagen shield treated eyes. CsA concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. After the total dose of 6 mg CsA, percentage penetration was measured as follows: CsA castor oil--0.51% in aqueous and 20.75% in cornea; CsA olive oil--0.17% in aqueous and 11.13% in cornea; and with collagen shields--0.44% in aqueous and 11.84% in cornea. These results show that the CsA levels of castor oil drops were higher than those obtained with olive oil drops. In eyes with collagen shields, CsA levels were higher than olive oil drops but nearly equal to the castor oil drops. Collagen shields may be useful as an ocular delivery system for CsA.
Thiolated 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine for an antifouling biosensor platform (2013)

We developed a new building block for a protein- and cell-repellant self-assembled monolayer (SAM) from 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) via a simple Michael-type addition to one mercapto group in alkanedithiol. The thiolated MPC can enable functionalization of a noble metal electrode to minimize noise signal in biosensing.
Text Extraction from the Web via Text-to-Tag Ratio (2008)

We describe a method to extract content text from diverse Web pages by using the HTML document's text-to-tag ratio rather than specific HTML cues that may not be constant across various Web pages. We describe how to compute the text-to-tag ratio on a line-by-line basis and then cluster the results into content and non-content areas. With this approach we then show surprisingly high levels of recall for all levels of precision, and a large space savings.
Immune-Inspired Adaptable Error Detection for Automated Teller Machines (2007)

This paper presents an immune-inspired adaptable error detection (AED) framework for automated teller machines (ATMs). This framework has two levels: one is local to a single ATM, while the other is network-wide. The framework employs vaccination and adaptability analogies of the immune system. For discriminating between normal and erroneous states, an immune-inspired one-class supervised algorithm was employed, which supports continual learning and adaptation. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was confirmed in terms of classification performance and impact on availability. The overall results are encouraging as the downtime of ATMs can de reduced by anticipating the occurrence of failures before they actually occur.
Tissue cyst tropism in <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>: a comparison of tissue cyst formation in organs of cats, and rodents fed oocysts (1997)

The persistence of Toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts in organs of cats (definitive host) and rodents (intermediate hosts) was studied. Nine cats, 12 rats, and 12 mice were fed T. gondii oocysts and their organs were digested in pepsin and then bioassayed for bradyzoites in mice. Of 9 cats killed 37 or 51 days after feeding 10(2) (2 cats), 10(3) (3 cats) or 10(4) (4 cats) oocysts of the VEG strain, tissue cysts were found in each cat; in the tongue of 9, in the heart of 5, in the brain of 4, and in the eyes of 1 cat. The dose had no effect on the distribution of tissue cysts in cats. Twelve rats were each fed 10(5) oocysts of the VEG strain of T. gondii and killed 21, 29, 64 or 237 days later. At each time-period, 11 tissues of 3 rats were pooled and bioassayed in mice. Tissue cysts were found in the brain, skeletal muscle, heart and kidneys of rats at each killing time; in the lungs, intestines, and mesenteric lymph nodes in 3 of 4 instances; in the tongue, liver, and eyes in 2 instances and in the spleen in 1 instance. Also, using the same procedures and sampling the same 11 tissues as used for rats, tissue cysts were seen in all organs except in the tongue and liver of 3 mice killed on day 82 after feeding the VEG strain. In 9 mice (3 with each strain) fed oocysts of the ME-49, GT-1, or P89 T. gondii strain and killed 62-130 days later, tissue cysts were found consistently only in the brain. Thus, in rats and mice, most tissue cysts were found in the brain and rarely in the tongue. This was in marked contrast to the distribution of tissue cysts in cats.
Imaging Using Energy Discriminating Radiation Detector Array (2003)

Industrial X‐ray radiography is often done using a broad band energy source and always a broad band energy detector. There exist several major advantages in the use of narrow band sources and or detectors, one of which is the separation of scattered radiation from primary radiation. ARDEC has developed a large detector array system in which every detector element acts like a multi‐channel analyzer. A radiographic image is created from the number of photons detected in each detector element, rather than from the total energy absorbed in the elements. For high energies, 25 KeV to 4 MeV, used in radiography, energy discriminating detectors have been limited to less than 20,000 photons per second per detector element. This rate is much too slow for practical radiography. Our detector system processes over two million events per second per detector pixel, making radiographic imaging practical. This paper expounds on the advantages of the ARDEC radiographic imaging process.
Assessment of Renal Ischemia by Optical Spectroscopy (2004)

There is currently no practical method for analyzing organ warm ischemic damage before transplantation. We employ optical spectroscopic methods to measure differences in warm ischemia time in rat kidneys that have been hypothermically preserved.
Two dimensional micro conveyance system with through holes for electrical and fluidic interconnection (2002)

A fluidic micro actuator array with through-the-wafer interconnection is fabricated. Actuators are composed of micro cantilevers over through holes. Cantilevers pass/cut the air flow which is applied from the backside via the through hole nozzles. Each through hole is also used for electrical interconnection by evaporating Au metal on it. The actuator array is assembled with an IC controller to construct an autonomous distributed conveyance system.
Is hypomagnesemia arrhythmogenic? (1992)

An understanding of the role of magnesium in cardiac conduction is complicated by the multiplicity of intracellular events coordinated by the magnesium ion. Several reports have cited magnesium deficiency as the cause of a variety of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias. On further inspection, the circumstances of each report strongly suggest the coexistence of significant potassium depletion; isolated hypomagnesemia as a cause of arrhythmia is not reported. This discussion brings together new data from basic science with that of clinical research to refute the suggestion that isolated hypomagnesemia is arrhythmogenic. However, there is sufficient evidence to indicate that hypomagnesemia will significantly exacerbate the proarrhythmic effect of hypokalemia, particularly if occurring in the presence of digoxin toxicity. Potassium and magnesium depletion are commonly concomitant, and simultaneous repletion of both ions in the presence of hypokalemia-induced arrhythmia would be both logical and effective. The beneficial effects of intravenous magnesium in the acute control of ventricular tachyarrhythmia are concluded to occur as a result of a separate antiarrhythmic action, quite independent of underlying magnesium balance.
MRI acoustic noise: Sound pressure and frequency analysis (1997)

The large gradient coils used in MRI generate, simultaneously with the pulsed radiofrequency (RF) wave, acoustic noise of high intensity that has raised concern regarding hearing safety. The sound pressure levels (SPLs) and power spectra of MRI acoustic noise were measured at the position of the human head in the isocenter of five MRI systems and with 10 different pulse sequences used in clinical MR scanning. Each protocol, including magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo (MP-RAGE; 113 dB SPL linear), fast gradient echo turbo (114 dB SPL linear), and spin echo T1/2 mm (117 dB SPL linear), was found to have the high SPLs, rapid pulse rates, amplitude-modulated pulse envelopes, and multipeaked spectra. Since thickness and SPL were inversely related, the T1-weighted images generated more intense acoustic noise than the proton-dense T2-weighted measures. The unfiltered linear peak values provided more accurate measurements of the SPL and spectral content of the MRI acoustic noise than the commonly used dB A-weighted scale, which filters out the predominant low frequency components. Fourier analysis revealed predominantly low frequency energy peaks ranging from .05 to approximately 1 kHz, with a steep high frequency cutoff for each pulse sequence. Ear protectors of known attenuation ratings are recommended for all patients during MRI testing.
Gene Structure and Properties of TIGR, an Olfactomedin-related Glycoprotein Cloned from Glucocorticoid-induced Trabecular Meshwork Cells (1998)

Expression of the trabecular meshwork inducible glucocorticoid response (TIGR) gene progressively increases from barely detectable levels to greater than 2% of total cellular mRNA over 10 days exposure of trabecular meshwork (TM) cells to dexamethasone. Cycloheximide blocked most of the TIGR mRNA induction, suggesting a requirement for ongoing protein synthesis. The genomic structure of TIGR (approximately 20 kilobases) consists of 3 exons, and a 5-kilobase promoter region that contains 13 predicted hormone response elements, including several glucocorticoid regulatory elements, and other potentially important regulatory motifs. TIGR cDNA encodes an olfactomedin-related glycoprotein of 504 amino acids with motifs for N- and O-linked glycosylation, glycosaminoglycan initiation, hyaluronic acid binding, and leucine zippers. Recombinant TIGR (rTIGR) showed oligomerization and specific binding to TM cells. Anti-rTIGR antibody detected multiple translational/post-translational forms of TIGR produced by the cells (including secreted 66 kDa/55 kDa glycoproteins/proteins in the media and 55 kDa cellular proteins), whereas Northern blot showed a single mRNA species. The findings suggest potential mechanisms by which TIGR could obstruct the aqueous humor fluid flow and participate in the pathogenesis of glaucoma.
Plesiomonas shigelloides (2004)

Plesiomonas shigelloides is a Gram-negative, motile and oxidase-positive bacterium that is widely distributed in nature. It is also a significant pathogen causing mainly intestinal diseases in humans. Diarrhoea is the leading symptom of most of these infections and may occur as a watery, invasive and chronic form. Food- and water-borne outbreaks of intestinal infections due to Plesiomonas have been reported. P. shigelloides also causes a variety of extraintestinal infections with high mortality rates; sepsis and meningitis represent the most common extraintestinal forms of disease. In spite of its close phylogenetic relationship to other Enterobacteriaceae, P. shigelloides is biochemically distant from other species of this family. One biovar, but more than 100 serovars have been described. P. shigelloides is thermo-, alkali-, acido- and halotolerant and has been discussed as a ‘natural’ vaccine against shigellosis. In the laboratory, Plesiomonas appears inconspicuous on the surface of several agar plates, and some enteric media are known to inhibit its growth. Plesiomonas shows unusual antibiotic susceptibility patterns, its susceptibility to some agents is highly dependent on inoculum size. The formation of extensive cell filamentation at high bacterial densities in the presence of certain β-lactam antibiotics is distinctive.
Evaluation of resists using ArF excimer laser projection lithography (1990)

In order to study the feasibility of ArF excimer laser lithography, we developed the projection system installing a refractive 5X reduction lens. We investigated a pattern fabrication by using several resists and this ArF excimer exposure system. Quarter-micron patterns have been fabricated by using newly developed ArF excimer laser projection system with refractive-projection lenses of monochromatic-spherical and monochromatic-aspherical type. Speckle-free line and space patterns below 0.25 micron with excellent quality have been obtained by aspherical lens. In conclusion, ArF excimer laser lithography has been confirmed as an effective technology to fabricate quarter micron patterns. Furthermore, ArF excimer laser lithography is feasible using a modified KrF excimer laser lithography system. However, ArF excimer laser lithography needs a suitable resist material. And also, we study about fundamental resist materials for ArF excimer laser lithography.
Triptolide circumvents drug-resistant effect and enhances 5-fluorouracil antitumor effect on KB cells (2010)

Triptolide, a diterpenoid triepoxide derived from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii, exerts an antitumor effect in KB cancer cells through the induction of apoptosis. In this study, we show that triptolide possesses an anticancer effect on drug-sensitive parental KB cells and multidrug-resistant KB-7D and KB-tax cells that overexpress multidrug resistance protein and MDR, respectively. Our data revealed that triptolide decreases the expression of multidrug resistance protein and MDR in both KB-7D and KB-tax cells. It also induces apoptosis in these multidrug-resistant cancer cells by activating caspase-3, and decreasing Mcl-1 and XIAP. Triptolide not only inhibits tumor growth but also induces apoptosis of these drug-resistant cancer cells in xenograft mouse models. Moreover, we also show that triptolide combined with 5-fluorouracil could be an alternative strategy for chemotherapy enhancement. These results indicate the therapeutic value of triptolide on multidrug-resistant cells, and when combined with 5-fluorouracil for the enhancement of cancer therapy.
MacA, a Diheme <i>c</i> -Type Cytochrome Involved in Fe(III) Reduction by <i>Geobacter sulfurreducens</i> (2004)

A 36-kDa diheme c-type cytochrome abundant in Fe(III)-respiring Geobacter sulfurreducens, designated MacA, was more highly expressed during growth with Fe(III) as the electron acceptor than with fumarate. Although MacA has homology to proteins with in vitro peroxidase activity, deletion of macA had no impact on response to oxidative stress. However, the capacity for Fe(III) reduction was greatly diminished, indicating that MacA, which is predicted to be localized in the periplasm, is a key intermediate in electron transfer to Fe(III).
Factors influencing alginate gel biocompatibility (2011)

Alginate remains the most popular polymer used for cell encapsulation, yet its biocompatibility is inconsistent. Two commercially available alginates were compared, one with 71% guluronate (HiG), and the other with 44% (IntG). Both alginates were purified, and their purities were verified. After 2 days in the peritoneal cavity of C57BL/6J mice, barium (Ba)-gel and calcium (Ca)-gel beads of IntG alginate were clean, while host cells were adhered to beads of HiG alginate. IntG gel beads, however, showed fragmentation in vivo while HiG gel beads stayed firm. The physicochemical properties of the sodium alginates and their gels were thoroughly characterized. The intrinsic viscosity of IntG alginate was 2.5-fold higher than that of HiG alginate, suggesting a greater molecular mass. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that both alginates were similar in elemental composition, including low levels of counterions in all gels. The wettabilities of the alginates and gels were also identical, as measured by contact angles of water on dry films. Ba-gel beads of HiG alginate resisted swelling and degradation when immersed in water, much more than the other gel beads. These results suggest that the main factors contributing to the biocompatibility of gels of purified alginate are the mannuronate/guluronate content and/or intrinsic viscosity.
A comprehensive service management middleware for autonomic management of composite web services-based processes (2009)

Web services are autonomic software applications that provide specific services on the Web and are accessible through standards-based protocols and interfaces in order to ensure interoperability.Web services have gained immense popularity due to the potential of dynamically composing multiple Web services over the Internet into complex multi-organizational Business-to-Business and Business-to-Consumer processes.The management of such composite processes, however, poses a non-trivial problem in terms of cost and complexity due to technology growth, increasing consumer demands for service quality, and the varying Internet workload.Based on a study of the state-of-the-art and a critical assessment of the limitations of the existing solutions, we present the Comprehensive Service Management Middleware (CSMM) framework to facilitate execution of the four major tasks of client-side process management namely, service selection, negotiation of Service Level Agreement (SLA), composition and execution of the process, and monitoring and validation of SLAs.We also propose the Negotiation Broker (NB) framework for automated intelligent agent-based negotiation of Service Level Agreements (SLAs), and the Performance Monitor (PM) framework for distributed client-side monitoring and verification of SLAs.iv
Purification and characterization of the glycoprotein hormone .alpha.-subunit-like material secreted by HeLa cells (1988)

The protein secreted by HeLa cells that cross-reacts with antiserum developed against the alpha-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been purified approximately 30,000-fold from concentrated culture medium by organic solvent fractionation followed by ion exchange, gel filtration, and lectin affinity chromatography. The final preparation had a specific activity (by RIA) of 6.8 x 10(5) ng of alpha/mg of protein and appeared homogeneous by electrophoresis on reducing/denaturing polyacrylamide gels (SDS-PAGE). Amino acid analysis indicated that HeLa-alpha had a composition very similar to that of the urinary hCG alpha-subunit. Peptide fingerprints of the HeLa protein and hCG-alpha revealed that several of the Tyr-, Met-, and Cys-containing tryptic peptides were held in common, thus identifying the tumor protein as a glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit with a primary structure similar to that of hCG-alpha. However, comparison of hCG-alpha and HeLa-alpha demonstrated that the tumor-associated subunit was not identical with its normal counterpart. Only two of the three Tyr-containing tryptic peptides present in hCG-alpha could be detected in HeLa-alpha after iodination with 125I. HeLa-alpha eluted prior to hCG-alpha during Sephadex G-75 chromatography, but the subunits coeluted when the tumor protein was first subjected to mild acid hydrolysis. The purified tumor protein had an apparent molecular weight greater than that of the urinary alpha-subunit when analyzed by SDS-PAGE (Coomassie blue staining), and this difference was even greater when a partially purified preparation was examined by an immunoblot technique (Western). Isoelectric focusing of the HeLa and hCG subunits demonstrated that the tumor protein had a lower pI (4.7-5.5 compared to 6.5-7.8), and removal of sialic acid by mild acid hydrolysis did not entirely eliminate this difference. Immunoprecipitation and electrophoresis of alpha-subunit from HeLa cultures labeled with [3H]fucose indicated that the tumor subunit was fucosylated, whereas analysis of hCG-alpha hydrolysates by HPLC confirmed previous reports that the placental subunit does not contain fucose. HeLa alpha-subunit was unable to combine with hCG beta-subunit to form holo-hCG under conditions where the hCG alpha-subunit was able to do so. The results indicate that, regardless of whether or not a single alpha-subunit gene is being expressed in both normal and neoplastic tissues, posttranslational modifications lead to a highly altered subunit in the tumor. The differences observed may be useful in diagnosing neoplastic vs hyperplastic conditions and may lend insight into the mechanism of ectopic hormone production by tumors
Micro air vehicle autonomous obstacle avoidance from stereo-vision (2014)

We introduce a new approach for on-board autonomous obstacle avoidance for micro air vehicles flying outdoors in close proximity to structure. Our approach uses inverse-range, polar-perspective stereo-disparity maps for obstacle detection and representation, and deploys a closed-loop RRT planner that considers flight dynamics for trajectory generation. While motion planning is executed in 3D space, we reduce collision checking to a fast z-buffer-like operation in disparity space, which allows for significant speed-up compared to full 3d methods. Evaluations in simulation illustrate the robustness of our approach, whereas real world flights under tree canopy demonstrate the potential of the approach.