gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coronary Heart Disease in Transport Workers. A Progress Report (1954)

During 1949 and 1950 we set out to record all the cases of coronary heart disease, as they occurred and were recognized, among the drivers and male conductors aged 35 to 64 years, of the red buses, trams, and trolleybuses of London Transport Executive, and to relate these cases to the population at risk. Some 15,500 drivers and 9,500 conductors were observed for the two years (and for as long in 1951 as was necessary to complete the information about 1950). The cases were ascertained by various established means: for example, drivers and conductors who have been off sick for any period on account of disease certified as cardiac, or for more than 28 days from any cause, are routinely identified in their garages and sent for examination to the Medical Department before returning to duty. In addition, there was a special cross-check in the Central Record of Staff Statistics for the purposes of the present enquiry to ensure that all " possible ", as well as definite, cases came under scrutiny in the Medical Department. It is reasonably certain that feW of the relevant cases were missed, and that sufficiently accurate diagnoses were made. A copy of the death certificate was obtained for all deaths, including those that occurred without previous sickness absence.
Molecular and Clinical Analysis of Locally Advanced Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans Treated With Imatinib: Imatinib Target Exploration Consortium Study B2225 (2005)

Imatinib has clinical activity against both localized and metastatic DFSP with t(17;22). However, fibrosarcomatous variants of DFSP lacking t(17;22) may not respond to imatinib.
An Alternative Treatment Strategy for Complicated Chronic Wounds: Negative Pressure Therapy over Mesh Skin Graft (2017)

Extensive skin defect represents a real problem and major challenge in plastic and reconstructive surgery. On one hand, skin grafts offer a practical method to deal with skin defects despite their unsuitability for several complicated wounds. On the other hand, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), applied before skin grafting, promotes granulation tissue growth. The aim of the study is to evaluate the improvement in wound healing given by the merger of these two different approaches. We treated 23 patients for large wounds of multiple factors. Of these, 15 were treated with the application of V.A.C.® Therapy (KCI Medical S.r.l., Milan, Italy), in combination with skin grafts after a prior unsuccessful treatment of 4 weeks with mesh skin grafts and dressings. Another 8 were treated with only mesh skin graft. Pain reduction and wound area reduction were found statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.0009, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Infection was resolved in almost all patients. According to our study, the use of the negative pressure wound therapy over mesh skin grafts is significantly effective especially in wounds resistant to conventional therapies, thereby improving the rate of skin graft take.
Cocapping of the leukoadhesin molecules complement receptor type 3 and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 with Fc gamma receptor III on human neutrophils. Possible role of lectin-like interactions (1993)

We have tested the possible physical interactions between the iC3b receptor (CR3), lymphocyte function-associated Ag-1, and class III Fc gamma receptor (Fc gamma RIII) at neutrophil surfaces. Cells were labeled using fluorochrome-conjugated Fab or F(ab')2 fragments of antireceptor mAb. Labeled receptors were capped using second-step F(ab')2 fragments of goat anti-mouse Fab antiserum. After 20 min at 37 degrees C, 68% of the cells capped the anti-CR3 plus second-step complex. Capping was time, temperature, and cytochalasin B sensitive. When capped cells were probed with Fab' or F(ab')2 fragments of anti-Fc gamma RIII labeled with a distinct fluorochrome, 41% of the cells cocapped Fc gamma RIII. Indistinguishable results were obtained when potential antibody combining sites within caps were blocked with a large excess of Fab or F(ab')2 fragments. When Fc gamma RIII was capped, 49% of the cells cocapped CR3. Similarly, LFA-1 cocapped with both CR3 and Fc gamma RIII. Importantly, other membrane components including HLA class I, Mo5, CD13, CR type 1, and IL-8 receptors and N-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1, 3-diszole L-alpha-dimyristoyl phosphatidylethanolamine did not cocap with CR3. However, the positive control Con A did cocap with CR3 and Fc gamma RIII. We next evaluated the effect of saccharides on CR3-Fc gamma RIII cocapping and found that 0.15 M N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (NADG), alpha-methyl-D-mannoside, and D-mannose significantly inhibited cocapping by 70, 58, and 48%, respectively. No inhibition was obtained using glucose, galactose, N-acetyl-neuraminic acid, fucose, sorbitol, fructose, or sucrose. Similarly, Fc gamma RIII-lymphocyte function-associated-1 cocapping was inhibited by NADG. However, the cocapping of CR3 with lymphocyte function-associated-1 or Con A were not affected by 0.15 M NADG, which suggests that NADG inhibition of leukoadhesin-Fc gamma RIII cocapping is not due to a general effect of NADG on capping. Inasmuch as Fc gamma RIII is a glycophospholipid-linked membrane protein, we speculate that it interacts with CR3 and/or lymphocyte function-associated-1 via lectin-like interactions.
Manned spacecraft electrical power systems (1987)

A brief history of the development of electrical power systems from the earliest manned space flights illustrates a natural trend toward growth of electrical power requirements and operational lifetimes with each succeeding space program. A review of the design philosophy and development experience associated with the Space Shuttle Orbiter electrical power system is presented, beginning with the state of technology at the conclusion of the Apollo Program. A discussion of prototype, verification, and qualification hardware is included, and several design improvements following the first Orbiter flight are described. The problems encountered, the scientific and engineering approaches used to meet the technological challenges, and the results obtained are stressed. Major technology barriers and their solutions are discussed, and a brief Orbiter flight experience summary of early Space Shuttle missions is included. A description of projected Space Station power requirements and candidate system concepts which could satisfy these anticipated needs is presented. Significant challenges different from Space Shuttle, innovative concepts and ideas, and station growth considerations are discussed. The Phase B Advanced Development hardware program is summarized and a status of Phase B preliminary tradeoff studies is presented.
Dynamic Human Ankle Response to Inversion and Eversion (1993)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">There are many mechanisms for ankle injury to front seat occupants involved in automotive impacts. This study addresses injuries to the ankle joint involving inversion or eversion, in particular at high rates of loading such as might occur in automotive accidents. Injuries included unilateral malleolar fractures and ligament tears, and talus and calcaneous avulsions.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Twenty tests have been performed so far, two of them using Hybrid <b>III</b> lower leg and the rest using cadaveric specimens. The specimens were loaded dynamically on the bottom of the foot via a pneumatic cylinder in either an inversion or eversion direction at fixed dorsiflexion and plantarflexion angles. The applied force and accelerations have been measured as well as all the reaction forces and moments. High-speed film was used to obtain the inversiordeversion angle of the foot relative to the tibia and for following ligament stretch.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">As was found in the dorsiflexion mode, forces and moments in the ankle do not appear to be well correlated with angular deflection or injuries. Peak axial loads ranged between 270 N and 1300 N, while peak <b>inversion/eversion</b> moments ranged between 9 Nm and 120 Nm. Inversionleversion angles ranged from 30 degrees to 85 degrees. Angular <b>deflection</b> of 60 degrees (+I-6) for both inversion and eversion appears to be the best threshold for injury. The Hybrid <b>III</b> response did not compare well to those of the cadavers.</div>
Influence of the Molecular Charge on the Biodistribution of Bombesin Analogues Labeled with the [<sup>99m</sup>Tc(CO)<sub>3</sub>]-Core (2008)

The overexpression of Bombesin (BBS) receptors on a variety of human cancers make them interesting targets for tumor imaging and therapy. Analogues of the neuropeptide BBS have been functionalized with the (NalphaHis)- chelator for labeling with the 99mTc-tricarbonyl core. The introduction of a betaAla-betaAla linker between the stabilized BBS binding sequence and the chelator led to increased tumor uptake but still rather unfavorable in ViVo properties. Novel polar linkers, with different charge, have been introduced in the molecule and tested for their influence on the biodistribution. The new analogues showed a shift in hydrophilicity from a Log D=0.9 to Log D values between 0.4 and -2.2. All compounds kept the increased stability in both human plasma (t(1/2)>16 h) and in tumor cells (t(1/2)=30-40 min). The compounds with Log D values between +1 and -1 showed the highest binding affinities with Kd values of <0.5 nM, as well as the highest cellular uptake. However, higher hydrophilicity (Log D < -1.8) led to lower affinity and a substantial decrease of internalization. The introduction of a positive charge (beta3hLys) resulted in unfavorable biodistribution, with increased kidney uptake. The introduction of an uncharged hydroxyl group (beta3hSer) improved the biodistribution, resulting in significantly better tumor-to-tissue ratios. The compound with one single negative charge (beta3hGlu) showed a significant increase in the tumor uptake (2.1+/-0.6% vs 0.80+/-0.35% ID/g in comparison to the betaAla-betaAla analogue) and also significantly higher tumor-to-tissue ratios. The specificity of the in ViVo uptake was confirmed by coinjection with natural BBS. Moreover, the analogue provided a much clearer image of the tumor xenografts in the SPECT/CT studies. The introduction of a single negative charge may be useful in the development of new BBS analogues to obtain an improved biodistribution profile, with increased tumor uptake and better imaging.
Statistical Analyses and the Personal Computer (1989)

Abstract The initial goal of this paper was to evaluate several PC-software packages as to their capabilities to carry out appropriate analysis of variance procedures and provide appropriate and necessary output. To date, most software reviews have concentrated on how well the computations for regression analysis are carried out. The reviews generally indicate the size of analysis of variance problems that can be handled, as to whether the program will do unbalanced and balanced analysis of variance computations, and as to the capability to provide multiple comparison procedures. But, such reviews do not indicate whether the claimed analyses are computed and presented correctly. Unfortunately, the grand goal of providing such comparisons for a large number of PC-based software packages is not achieved. There are at least two reasons for not completing the task.
The anthropometric assessment of dysmorphic features in schizophrenia as an index of its developmental origins (1997)

This new scale, while procedurally more exacting than the Waldrop scale, more clearly defines the topography of anomalies previously suspected in individuals with schizophrenia. These findings constitute direct evidence for disturbed craniofacial development in schizophrenia and indicate origins in the foetal period during which the characteristic human facial pattern evolves in close association with brain differentiation.
Constitutive expression of c-fos antisense RNA blocks c-fos gene induction by interferon and by phorbol ester and reduces c-myc expression in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. (1988)

To address the role of c-fos proto-oncogene we constructed a plasmid that allows constitutive expression of RNA complementary to c-fos mRNA, and stably introduced this plasmid into F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. Some F9 clones expressing c-fos antisense RNA had a reduced basal level of c-fos mRNA, and were unable to induce a c-fos mRNA as well as its protein when stimulated with phorbol ester or with interferon (IFN). Nevertheless, the ability to induce major histocompatibility class I genes following IFN treatment was not impaired in these clones. Clones expressing c-fos antisense RNA grew as rapidly as control F9 cells, and underwent differentiation after retinoic acid treatment. Unexpectedly, constitutive expression of c-myc mRNA was reduced on average by 10-fold in clones expressing c-fos antisense RNA. However, expression of the p53 gene and heat shock gene hsp 70 was not affected in these clones, indicating the existence of a specific regulatory linkage between c-fos and c-myc genes. Cycloheximide treatment led to induction of a large amount of c-fos mRNA in clones expressing c-fos antisense RNA as well as in control F9 clones. The amount of c-fos antisense RNA was also increased by cycloheximide treatment. We postulate that c-fos antisense RNA blocks expression of the endogenous c-fos gene by accelerating the degradation of c-fos mRNA and that cycloheximide treatment interferes with this degradation.
The Insulation Design of HTS Transformer and Bushing (2010)

Important key technologies of high- superconducting (HTS) transformer may include the HTS wire technology, bushing technology, cooling technology, AC loss, reduction technology, large current technology, and cryogenic temperature insulation technology. From among others, the cryogenic temperature insulation technology may be specifically a core technology for ensuring reliability for the smaller size, stability, economic efficiency, and power supply of a transformer. Therefore, the electric insulation technology of a superconducting transformer should be prerequisite. Such relevant studies are ongoing, but still, they are very insufficient for establishing the cryogenic insulation technology as of yet. Therefore, this paper simulated HTS transformer applied with continuous transposed conductor (CTC), which has been studied as a way of reducing AC loss. Also, the paper analyzed the insulation configuration of HTS transformer and bushing, and, accordingly, reviewed various characteristics of insulation breakdown out of liquid nitrogen. Thus, the paper constituted insulation database, and it is going to design the insulation of a transmission class HTS transformer and bushing.
Analysis of color-center-related contribution to Bragg grating formation in Ge:SiO_2 fiber based on a local Kramers–Kronig transformation of excess loss spectra (1997)

UV-induced excess losses have been measured at various pulse energy densities and exposure times in germanosilicate optical fiber preform cores. The corresponding refractive-index changes have been determined through a Kramers -Kronig analysis. Because of the nonlinear behavior of the excess losses as a function of both exposure time and fluence per pulse, one should be careful when comparing the refractive-index modulation deduced from such measurements with that obtained from Bragg grating reflectivity. Indeed nonlinear effects such as saturation imply that it is necessary to take into account the local character of the change in absorption to calculate the evolution of the refractive-index modulation accurately as a function of the exposure time. Implications of these results are discussed.
Serum Uric Acid as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular and Renal Disease: An Old Controversy Revived (2006)

Hyperuricemia is commonly associated with traditional risk factors such as abnormalities in glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Recent studies have revived the controversy over the role of serum uric acid as an independent prognostic factor for cardiovascular mortality. The authors review clinical and experimental evidence concerning the role of serum uric acid in the development of cardiovascular and renal damage. Results of trials suggesting that serum uric acid variations over time may have a prognostic impact are also discussed.
Microindentation‐Induced Transformation in 3.5‐mol%‐Yttria‐Partially‐Stabilized Zirconia Single Crystals (1991)

The temperature dependence of the Vickers microhardness was studied in 3.4‐mol%‐Y 2 O 3 ‐partially‐stabilized ZrO 2 (Y‐PSZ) single crystals up to 1000°C; the samples had previously been annealed at 1600°C for 150 h to develop “colony” precipitates of tetragonal ZrO 2 in the cubic ZrO 2 matrix. Indentation caused extensive stress‐induced martensitic transformation of the colony precipitates to monoclinic symmetry in zones which extended in extreme cases up to several hundred micrometers from the indent. For indents made at 500°C and above, the M d and M f temperatures are 450° and 310°C, respectively; A s is ∼600°C ( M d is the temperature of initial transformation (the “martensite start temperature”) in deformed samples; M f is the temperature at which the final transformation occurs; A s is the temperature at which the reverse (monoclinic → tetragonal) transformation begins). However, extensive transformation zones are also found for indents made at 200°, 300°, and 400°C. The dislocation density introduced during indentation is responsible for nucleating the transformation in a zone adjacent to the indent. However, the transformation zone extends further than the plastic zone around the indent, indicating extensive autocatalytic transformation. Transformation within the zone appeared to occur in individual plates with {110} habit planes. The plate dimensions (∼100 μm ×∼175 μm ×∼10 μm) are large compared to the size of the colony precipitates (∼2 μm in maximum dimension).
Cytomegalovirus Infections in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients Given Intensive Cytoreductive Therapy (1990)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections were studied in 785 bone marrow transplant recipients given intensive cytoreductive therapy. CMV excretion occurred in 24%, viremia in 9%, seroconversion in 40%, and overall active infection in 47%. CMV disease was much less common. Retinitis, enteritis, and pneumonitis occurred in only one, five (less than 1%), and 55 (7%) of the patients, respectively. Allograft recipients were more likely to develop CMV disease than were autograft patients (P = .0001) despite comparable rates of active CMV infection. CMV disease was rare after primary infection in both autograft and allograft recipients (0 and 1%, respectively). In contrast, CMV disease occurred in 16% of seropositive allograft recipients. Among allograft recipients, risk factors for CMV pneumonitis were seropositivity, age greater than 10 years, and acute graft-vs.-host disease, while the use of cyclosporine as prophylaxis against graft-vs.-host disease was protective. Although active infection rates did not decrease, the rates of CMV pneumonitis in allograft recipients during successive years declined significantly (P less than .001).
Relations between Firing Temperature and Structural Property in Ceramics (1967)

This paper deals with mechanical and thermal properties in steatite, forsterite, high and low alumina and mullite together with their microstructures of fired surfaces when changing firing temperatures. The constituents and minerals produced are identified by X-ray analysis, chemical analysis and polarization microscopy, while the macro and micro-mechanical properties are estimated by bending strength and micro-Vickers hardness. The thermal shock resistance is also shown. The features of fired surfaces are discussed from the viewpoint of surface roughness and electron photomicrograph. The principal results obtained are summarized as follows:(1) Bending strength increases as the firing temperature drops in steatite, which means the effect of pores.(2) The separation of phases progresses as the temperature drops in forsterite.(3) The grain size of crystal becomes smaller as the temperature drops, but bending strength is low at the lowest temperature in high alumina.(4) The proper temperature range is shallow for low alumina because of its double con stituent.(5) The separation of matrix and the existence of pores cause the bending strength of mullite to be low.
The Histone H3 Lysine 9 Methyltransferase DIM-5 Modifies Chromatin at <i>frequency</i> and Represses Light-Activated Gene Expression (2014)

The transcriptional program controlling the circadian rhythm requires coordinated regulation of chromatin. Characterization of the chromodomain helicase DNA-binding enzyme CHD1 revealed DNA methylation in the promoter of the central clock gene frequency (frq) in Neurospora crassa. In this report, we show that the DNA methylation at frq is not only dependent on the DNA methyltransferase DIM-2 but also on the H3K9 methyltransferase DIM-5 and HP1. Histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) occurs at frq and is most prominent 30 min after light-activated expression. Strains lacking dim-5 have an increase in light-induced transcription, and more White Collar-2 is found associated with the frq promoter. Consistent with the notion that DNA methylation assists in establishing the proper circadian phase, loss of H3K9 methylation results in a phase advance suggesting it delays the onset of frq expression. The dim-5 deletion strain displays an increase in circadian-regulated conidia formation on race tubes and there is a synthetic genetic interaction between dim-5 and ras-1(bd). These results indicate DIM-5 has a regulatory role in muting circadian output. Overall, the data support a model where facultative heterochromatic at frq serves to establish the appropriate phase, mute the light response, and repress circadian output.
Reproductive risk factors, pregnancy characteristics and obstetric outcome in female doctors (2002)

Although doctors and teachers appear to represent a group of health-conscious women, obstetricians do not vary their management of pregnant doctors and teachers during pregnancy and labour.
More Legumes for Green Manure = More Corn (1954)

Iowa State College experiments show that a lot of nitrogren can be cheaply produced by adding a legume seeding to the oats preceding corn. Research indicates every farmer could profitably make a legume seeding for green manure in every acre of oats in addition to meadow and rotation plantings.
P-scan analysis of inhomogeneously induced optical nonlinearities (1998)

A model for beam propagation through a nonlinear material is developed; the model takes into account inhomogeneous induced refractive-index changes due to the nonlinearity. A focused Gaussian beam of circular cross section, incident upon the sample, emerges as an elliptic Gaussian beam after interaction in this material. The nonlinearity coefficient values derived from a Z scan of photorefractive lithium niobate crystals compare favorably with that found by varying the power P of a Gaussian beam focused at a fixed longitudinal position within the sample and monitoring the far-field beam ellipticity. The nonlinearity coefficient value is used to determine the dopant’s acceptor-to-donor concentration ratio in photorefractive lithium niobate samples.