gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New direct‐acting antivirals' combination for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (2011)

Chronic hepatitis C is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease, with approximately 170 million people infected worldwide. The severity of disease varies from asymptomatic chronic infection to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sustained virological response (SVR) is long lasting, associated with a reduced risk of cirrhosis and HCC. In the near future, standard of care (SOC) treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) will include the addition of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) with a protease inhibitor to the pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV). In HCV genotype 1 patients, promising results have been reported when the protease inhibitor telaprevir or boceprevir is added to the SOC, increasing SVR rates from less than 50% (PEG-IFN plus RBV) to 70% (in patients treated with a triple combination of PEG-IFN, RBV plus a protease inhibitor). The future management of patients with these new molecules will require good clinical practice, knowledge of indications, prediction of side effects and monitoring for antiviral resistance. Certain major medical needs are still unmet, requiring studies in special populations (human immunodeficiency virus-HCV-coinfected patients, transplanted patients, etc.) in genotype non-1 patients and in absolute non-responders. Combinations of antivirals with additive potency that lack cross resistance and with a good safety profile may provide new regimens in the future to make HCV the first chronic viral infection eradicated worldwide with a finite duration of combination DAA therapy without IFN. There is ongoing development of new molecules such as HCV enzyme inhibitors. The aim of this review is to summarize the results obtained with DAAs: protease and polymerase inhibitors.
End-to-end Streaming Keyword Spotting (2019)

We present a system for keyword spotting that, except for a front-end component for feature generation, it is entirely contained in a deep neural network (DNN) model trained "end-to-end" to predict the presence of the keyword in a stream of audio. The main contributions of this work are, first, an efficient memoized neural network topology that aims at making better use of the parameters and associated computations in the DNN by holding a memory of previous activations distributed over the depth of the DNN. The second contribution is a method to train the DNN, end-to-end, to produce the keyword spotting score. This system significantly outperforms previous approaches both in terms of quality of detection as well as size and computation.
Pharmacological postconditioning with sevoflurane after cardiopulmonary resuscitation reduces myocardial dysfunction (2011)

SEVO reduced myocardial damage and dysfunction after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the early postresuscitation period. The reduction was associated with a reduced rate of myocardial proinflammatory cytokine expression, apoptosis, increased HIF-1α expression and increased activity of matrix metalloproteinase 9. Early administration of SEVO may not, however, improve neurological recovery.
Thermal Processing of Biological Tissue at High Temperatures: Impact of Protein Denaturation and Water Loss on the Thermal Properties of Human and Porcine Liver in the Range 25–80 °C (2013)

Biothermal engineering applications impose thermal excursions on tissues with an ensuing biological outcome (i.e., life or death) that is tied to the molecular state of water and protein in the system. The accuracy of heat transfer models used to predict these important processes in turn depends on the kinetics and energy absorption of molecular transitions for both water and protein and the underlying temperature dependence of the tissue thermal properties. Unfortunately, a lack of tissue thermal property data in the literature results in an overreliance on property estimates. This work addresses these thermal property limitations in liver, a platform tissue upon which hyperthermic engineering applications are routinely performed and a test bed that will allow extension to further tissue property measurement in the future. Specifically, we report on the thermal properties of cadaveric human and porcine liver in the suprazero range between 25 °C to 80 °C for thermal conductivity and 25 °C to 85 °C for apparent specific heat. Denaturation and water vaporization are shown to reduce thermal conductivity and apparent specific heat within the samples by up to 20% during heating. These changes in thermal properties significantly altered thermal histories during heating compared to conditions when properties were assumed to remain constant. These differences are expected to alter the biological outcome from heating as well.
Myxoma Virus Sensitizes Cancer Cells to Gemcitabine and Is an Effective Oncolytic Virotherapeutic in Models of Disseminated Pancreatic Cancer (2012)

Myxoma virus (MYXV) is a novel oncolytic virus that has been shown to replicate in pancreatic cancer cells, but its efficacy in animal models of pancreatic cancer has not been determined. The efficacy of MYXV as monotherapy or in combination with gemcitabine was evaluated in intraperitoneal dissemination (IPD) models of pancreatic cancer. The effects of an intact immune system on the efficacy of MYXV therapy was tested by comparing immunodeficient versus immunocompetent murine models and combination therapy with gemcitabine was also evaluated. In cell culture, MYXV replication was robust in a broad range of pancreatic cancer cells and also showed increased oncolysis in combination with gemcitabine. In animal models, MYXV treatment conferred survival benefits over control or gemcitabine-treated cohorts regardless of the cell line or animal model used. MYXV monotherapy was most effective in an immunocompetent IPD model, and resulted in 60% long-term survivors. In Pan02 engrafted immunocompetent IPD models, sequential treatment in which MYXV was administered first, followed by gemcitabine, was the most effective and resulted in 100% long-term survivors. MYXV is an effective oncolytic virus for pancreatic cancer and can be combined with gemcitabine to enhance survival, particularly in the presence of an intact host immune system.
Effect of heavy metal ions on the growth and iron-oxidizing activity of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. (1975)

Effect of heavy metal ions on the growth and the iron-oxidizing activity of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans were investigated. Cupric, zinc, cadmium, and chromium ions had no effect on the growth and the iron-oxidizing activity of cell suspensions or cell-free extracts of the bacterium in high concentrations (10-3_??_10-2M). Lead ion delayed the start of the growth slightly in 10-3M, but it did not inhibit the iron-oxidizing activity of the cells in the concentration. Tin and molybdenum oxide ions inhibited both of them in the concentration above 10-3M. Mercuric mercurous, and silver ions had the most harmful effect. In the concentration of 10-3M, each of the cations inhibited almost completely both the growth and the iron-oxidizing activity of the cells. In the experiments with cell-free extracts it was observed that the activity of cytochrome oxidase (cytochrome a597) operating in the iron-oxidizing system of the bacterium was specifically inhibited with mercuric ion in the concentration above 5×10-4M.
Quantitative isolation and gas–liquid chromatographic analysis of total dietary and fecal neutral steroids (1965)

A method for isolation and quantification of fecal neutral steroids is described which allows studies to be made of sterol balance in man or in small laboratory animals without requiring the use of radioisotopes in vivo. The critical separations of cholesterol plant sterols and their conversion products depend upon preliminary separations into three subfractions by thin-layer chromatography. Individual components in the three subfractions thus obtained are then quantitatively measured by gas–liquid chromatography of the unsubstituted 3-ketosteroids and of the trimethylsilyl ethers of the sterols.Extractions of cholesterol-7-α-H3 added in vitro and of C14-labeled neutral steroids synthesized in vivo were quantitative and highly reproducible. Several lines of evidence validate the determination of individual fecal neutral steroids by GLC.Examples are given of the application of this technique: a sterol balance study of 27 days' duration is described in a patient whose diet included plant sterols as well as cholesterol. Representative results in man and in rats are compared to others obtained by previously described methods.The sensitivity of the method is such that 1-g fecal aliquots containing as little as 25 μg of mixed neutral steroids can be analyzed accurately, but the procedure lends itself well to preparative scale work for more definitive study of individual neutral steroids.
Adaptive Regulation of Nonlinear Systems with Unmodeled Dynamics (1988)

Conditions are given for global stability of an adaptive control law designed for the reduced order model of a class of higher order nonlinear plants. In the presence of unmodeled dynamics. which account for the difference between the model and the plant, the regulation property is preserved in a stability region. The size of the region is estimated via a set of bounds that not only proves robustness, but also allows a comparison between adaptive and nonadaptive nonlinear controls.
Über Derivate des Iminodibenzyls (1954)

Abstract 1. Es wird die Darstellung von aminoalkylierten und aminoacylierten Derivaten des Iminodibenzyls (10, 11‐Dihydro‐5‐dibenzo‐[b, f]‐azepin) beschrieben.
Pulse propagation in lossy media using the low-frequency window for video pulse radar application (1979)

Pulse propagation in lossy media is considered. The frequency band is selected to lie in the low-frequency window (LFW) as defined by Gabbilard et al [5]. The antennas chosen are finite-length dipoles in electrical contact with the lossy media. The input impedance of these dipoles is observed to be approximately a constant resistance over the wide frequency band of interest thus making a broad-band match practical. It is shown that when propagation is in the LFW the input pulse propagates over distances of many kilometers with little distortion. Attenuation data ate presented as universal curves for the pulse amplitude generated at the terminals of a parallel receiving dipole immersed in the same-medium. The original application of these results is the evaluation of the limitations imposed by propagation losses and dispersion of broad-band video pulse-radar systems for deep probing in the earth. A potential video pulse-radar system for deep probing is discussed.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Cellular immunotherapy using irradiated lung cancer cell vaccine co-expressing GM-CSF and IL-18 can induce significant antitumor effects (2014)

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported an error in Fig 5 of this article, graphs presenting FCM and immunofluorescent for CD4T, CD8T and NK cell of the Control Groups (LL2, LL2-irradation, MCS-irradiation) were inadvertently duplicated from another parallel experiment.
Synthesis of 2-Phenyl-1-azacyl[3.2.2]azine<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 2-Phenyl-1-azacyl[3.2.2]azine1V. BOEKELHEIDE and AUDREY MILLERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 2, 431–432Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01061a038https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01061a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Overview of Radio Resource Management in Relay-Enhanced OFDMA-Based Networks (2010)

Researchers in both academia and industry have accepted OFDMA as the most appropriate air-interface for the emerging broadband wireless access networks and standards. A number of IEEE working groups and various research forums are focusing on developing relay and mesh-enabled networks with cooperative communication features. Among these research efforts are IEEE 802.11s, IEEE 802.16j/m, and 3GPP's advanced long term evolution (LTE-advanced). The combination of OFDMA with relaying techniques provides rich opportunities for cost-effective and high-performance networks. To exploit such opportunities requires intelligent radio resource management (RRM) algorithms. Although a number of publications have highlighted the important and challenging issues involved in designing RRM algorithms for OFDMA networks, only recently a number of papers have investigated relay-enhanced OFDMA-based multicellular networks. By and large, the literature indicates that these issues constitute a hot research topic that will continue to attract interest. This paper provides a survey of the current literature on OFDMA networks enhanced with decode-and-forward relaying and provides their link to earlier literature in non-OFDMA networks. In addition, a rich list of references is provided to direct the readers toward some of the emerging techniques.
Learning with Hierarchical-Deep Models (2013)

We introduce HD (or “Hierarchical-Deep”) models, a new compositional learning architecture that integrates deep learning models with structured hierarchical Bayesian (HB) models. Specifically, we show how we can learn a hierarchical Dirichlet process (HDP) prior over the activities of the top-level features in a deep Boltzmann machine (DBM). This compound HDP-DBM model learns to learn novel concepts from very few training example by learning low-level generic features, high-level features that capture correlations among low-level features, and a category hierarchy for sharing priors over the high-level features that are typical of different kinds of concepts. We present efficient learning and inference algorithms for the HDP-DBM model and show that it is able to learn new concepts from very few examples on CIFAR-100 object recognition, handwritten character recognition, and human motion capture datasets.
Rate of durable complete response in ALL, NHL, and CLL after immunotherapy with optimized lymphodepletion and defined composition CD19 CAR-T cells. (2016)

102 Background: We are conducting a phase I/II trial in which patients (pts) with relapsed or refractory (R/R) CD19+ B cell malignancies receive CD19 CAR-T cells comprised of a defined ratio of CD8+ and CD4+ CAR-T cells. Methods: Pts received lymphodepleting chemotherapy followed by infusion of a 1:1 ratio of CD8+:CD4+ CAR-T cells at one of 3 dose levels (2x105 to 2x107 CAR-T cells/kg). No pts were excluded due to lymphopenia (ALC < 0.5 in 22% of pts), circulating tumor or poor in vitro T cell proliferation. Results: Ninety pts with ALL (n = 36), NHL (n = 41) or CLL (n = 13) received CAR-T cells. Thirty-one of 33 ALL pts (94%) that have had restaging achieved CR by marrow flow cytometry. Two of 31 pts had molecular MRD. In vivo CAR-T cell expansion and persistence, and DFS were superior in pts who received cyclophosphamide (Cy) and fludarabine (Flu) lymphodepletion compared to those who received Cy without Flu. CAR-T cell persistence was limited in patients not receiving Flu by immune responses to the murine scFv of the CAR. In NHL, the ORR for pts treated with Cy/Flu and CAR-T cells at the maximally tolerated cell dose (n = 19; 2x106/kg) was 84% (47% CR). CAR-T cell expansion and persistence, and OS and PFS were better in Cy/Flu pts compared to those who received Cy alone (ORR 50%, CR 8%, n = 12). Remissions are ongoing in 9 of 10 Cy/Flu treated pts who achieved CR (range 1-9 months follow-up). All CLL pts had received prior ibrutinib. CAR-T cell therapy eliminated CLL from the marrow in 10 of 12 restaged pts (83%) and 6 (50%) achieved CR (Lugano criteria). None of the CLL pts who achieved CR has relapsed. In 87 pts evaluated for toxicity the rates of severe cytokine release syndrome (sCRS) and grade ≥ 3 neurotoxicity were 16% and 31%, respectively. Four pts (4%) died of complications of CRS and 1 pt experienced irreversible neurotoxicity. We identified serum biomarkers on day 1 after CAR-T cell infusion that correlated with subsequent sCRS or grade ≥ 3 neurotoxicity in ALL and NHL pts, allowing rational design of early intervention studies in high-risk pts. Conclusions: Adoptive therapy with CD19 CAR-T cells of defined subset composition results in durable CR in a high fraction of pts with R/R ALL, NHL and CLL. Clinical trial information: NCT01865617.
Toxicologic evaluation of ofloxacin. (1989)

Results of studies conducted to characterize local, systemic, reproductive, and mutagenic effects indicate that ofloxacin is well tolerated within reasonable multiples of the intended clinical dose. Quinolone-associated arthropathic effects characterized by blister, erosion, and increased synovial fluid occurred in rats and dogs and appeared to be both age- and dose-related. Maternal toxicity and embryotoxicity were noted, but there was no teratogenicity in rats or rabbits. There was no impairment of fertility, and no adverse effects on late fetal development, labor, delivery, lactation, neonatal viability, or growth of offspring occurred. Target-organ studies revealed no evidence of ocular toxicity in rats, nephrotoxicity in rabbits, or antigenicity or ototoxicity in guinea pigs. Overall, the toxicologic evaluation of ofloxacin has shown this compound to be a drug with a low toxicologic potential.
Domain Name Valuation Model Constructing and Emperical Evidence (2009)

Domain name is a new type intangible of enterprise. For the reason that we don't recognize and measure the domain self-constructed in financial accounting system, there are little study on domain's value estimation and the factors influencing its value. For the absence of value measurement, domain name's valuation management is weak in firm. With the growth of domain trade-off, how to value it become crisis important. We find that traditional estimation methods, such as discount cash flow method etc, ignore some crucial non-financial factors that influence the domain value for instance creativity. We use the semantic theory and content analysis to analyze the value-influence factors which include Domain structure and Meaning and Impression and Creativity etc. Based on the analysis we establish a model which integrate the financial and non-financial factors to value the domain name using fuzzy method. Finally we use the experience data of domain trading to test the factors of influencing the domain value. We find that domain's value actually correlates to the semantic characters. The first contribution of the paper is that it is based on semantic theory and content analysis. The second contribution is we use Econometrics method to investigate the domain's value and find empirical evidence.
Antibodies to horseradish peroxidase as specific neuronal markers in Drosophila and in grasshopper embryos. (1982)

Antibodies specific for horseradish peroxidase (HRPeroxase) bind to neuronal membranes in Drosophila and serve as a specific neuronal marker. Immunocytochemical staining with these antibodies marks sensory neurons, peripheral nerves, and fiber tracks in the central nervous system of embryos, larvae, and adult flies. Similar patterns of staining also were seen in embryos of the grasshopper. It appears that an antigen associated with the nervous system and appearing early in differentiation is recognized by antibodies to HRPeroxase. Using this staining method, we followed embryogenesis of the central nervous system in Drosophila and found that the organization of central fiber tracks resembled that in the previously well-characterized grasshopper. We have used the anti-HRPeroxase antibodies to show that mutations affecting segmentation in Drosophila affect the organization of the embryonic nervous system.
A trace-based analysis of duplicate suppression in HTTP (2000)

Many HTTP resources (pages, graphics, etc.) are exact duplicates of other resources with different URLs. If an HTTP cache contains a duplicate of a requested resource, and could detect this, it could avoid substantial network costs by returning the cached duplicate in place of the requested URL. Previous studies have shown that there is substantial duplication of content in both HTTP and FTP, and several protocols have been proposed to support efficient and safe duplicate suppression in HTTP. We use traces covering millions of HTTP requests to quantify the potential benefit of an HTTP duplicate-suppression extension. In particular, we show that the benefits vary depending on content-type, and that a small fraction of Web servers account for most of the duplicated resources.
Effects of muramyl dipeptide and lead acetate on carbon clearance and endotoxin-induced mortality in mice. (1986)

Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) is a nonspecific immune adjuvant thought to affect the macrophage. MDP had been used safely without immunosuppressive or toxic side effects in our laboratory and others. Endotoxin, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is thought to be responsible for many of the systemic toxic effects of gram-negative infection. Lead acetate potentiates the lethal effects of endotoxin, an effect attributed to increased hepatotoxicity involving both hepatocytes and Kupffer macrophages. This study was undertaken to examine putative mechanism of action of MDP relating to the reticuloendothelial system. Endotoxin was given intraperitoneally to susceptible mice that were pretreated with MDP, lead acetate, or both, and to unmodified controls. Lead acetate significantly enhanced lethality due to LPS, but pretreatment with MDP did not alter mortality. Carbon clearance was measured in mice treated with MDP, lead, or both. There was no difference in the phagocytic index of control mice and those mice treated with lead acetate at various times prior to the injection. Carbon clearance increased significantly in mice pretreated with MDP but was unaltered by the addition of lead acetate. We conclude that if hyperphagocytosis of endotoxin occurs in MDP-pretreated mice, it does not cause additional mortality. Muramyl dipeptide appeared to be a safe reticuloendothelial stimulant that did not enhance the toxicity of lead or LPS in this experimental model.