gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Social ranking techniques for the web (2013)

The proliferation of social media has the potential for changing the structure and organization of the web. In the past, scientists have looked at the web as a large connected component to understand how the topology of hyperlinks correlates with the quality of information contained in the page and they proposed techniques to rank information contained in web pages. We argue that information from web pages and network data on social relationships can be combined to create a personalized and socially connected web. In this paper, we look at the web as a composition of two networks, one consisting of information in web pages and the other of personal data shared on social media web sites. Together, they allow us to analyze how social media tunnels the flow of information from person to person and how to use the structure of the social network to rank, deliver, and organize information specifically for each individual user. We validate our social ranking concepts through a ranking experiment conducted on web pages that users shared on Google Buzz and Twitter.
Notes- Studies of the Cyclization of o-Benzoylbenzoic-Carboxyl-C<sup>14</sup> Acid (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes- Studies of the Cyclization of o-Benzoylbenzoic-Carboxyl-C14 AcidGud RoppCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 7, 1255–1256Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1960Publication History Published online17 March 2003Published inissue 1 July 1960https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01077a618RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views55Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (259 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Generation of Phosphide Anions from Phosphorus Red and Phosphine in Strongly Basic Systems To form Organylphosphines and -Oxides (1996)

Abstract Generation of phosphide anions from phosphorus red or phosphine under the action of strong bases followed by their reactions with organyl halides, electrophilic alkenes and alkynes proves to be the most straightforward and well-controlled route to mono-, di- or triorganylphosphines or phosphine oxides of diverse structure. Key Words:: phosphorusphosphineelectrophilessuper bases
Optimum antenna topologies and adaptation strategies for SDMA (2002)

We investigate various antenna topologies and synchronization strategies in conjunction with spatial-reference (SR) algorithms for a macrocell base station antenna array. The directions-of-arrival (DOA) and the powers of the incoming: signals are determined by a ray tracing program, which allows for a realistic modeling of the mobile radio channel. Our results show that the performance of any array structure is determined by its aperture and not by its topology. A synchronization scheme based on both the correlation properties and signal-to-noise-and-interference (SNIR) values within the training sequence is found to give optimum performance.
The case for fine-grained traffic engineering in data centers (2010)

Data center traffic characteristics are not well understood.\nIn particular, it is not clear how the prevalent\ntraffic patterns may impact candidate mechanisms for\nmanaging traffic inside the data centers. In this paper,\nwe conduct a measurement study of network-level traffic\npatterns inside data centers. Based on our empirical\ninsights, we design a traffic generator for creating representative\nworkloads for traffic between TOR switches in\na data center. We use this generator to evaluate several\ntraffic engineering techniques and data center network\narchitectures, and analyze their short comings. Our findings\nhighlight the need for fine-grained traffic engineering\n(TE) mechanisms. We design and implement such an\napproach using OpenFlow and show how it can significantly\nimprove data center TE.
Comparative QTL Map for White Mold Resistance in Common Bean, and Characterization of Partial Resistance in Dry Bean Lines VA19 and I9365‐3 (2010)

White mold caused by the necrotrophic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary limits common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production in temperate climates. Disease resistance has been identified, but breeding is hampered by a paucity of resistance sources and complex inheritance, as numerous quantitative trait loci (QTL) conditioning partial resistance have been found. Our objectives were to characterize the partial white mold resistance found in breeding lines I9365‐31 and VA19 and to construct a comparative linkage map for all the white mold resistance QTL identified to date. Recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations ‘Benton’/VA19 (BV) and ‘Raven’/I9365‐31 (R31) consisting of 79 F 6 and 105 F 5 RILs, respectively, were evaluated for white mold (WM) reaction in multiple greenhouse and field tests. Two QTL were found in BV, WM2.2 expressed in the greenhouse ( R 2 = 33%) and the field (13%) and WM8.3 expressed in field (11%) only, and seven were found in R31 (WM2.2, WM4.2, WM5.3, WM5.4, WM6.1, WM7.3, WM8.4), three expressed in greenhouse tests and four in the field, ranging in phenotypic variance from 5 to 52%. These QTL were compared with 26 previously identified QTL, resulting in a comparative linkage map of 35 QTL, which coalesced into 21 distinct regions across nine linkage groups. Four QTL found in R31 were novel. Sequence characterized amplified region markers associated with WM2.2, WM8.3, and WM7.3 QTL were generated. The comparative linkage map provides a framework for integrating and interpreting future QTL studies concerning white mold resistance in common bean.
A new approach for evaluating query expansion (2007)

The effectiveness of information retrieval (IR) systems is influenced by the degree of term overlap between user queries and relevant documents. Query-document term mismatch, whether partial or total, is a fact that must be dealt with by IR systems. Query Expansion (QE) is one method for dealing with term mismatch. IR systems implementing query expansion are typically evaluated by executing each query twice, with and without query expansion, and then comparing the two result sets. While this measures an overall change in performance, it does not directly measure the effectiveness of IR systems in overcoming the inherent issue of term mismatch between the query and relevant documents, nor does it provide any insight into how such systems would behave in the presence of query-document term mismatch. In this paper, we propose a new approach for evaluating query expansion techniques. The proposed approach is attractive because it provides an estimate of system performance under varying degrees of query-document term mismatch, it makes use of readily available test collections, and it does not require any additional relevance judgments or any form of manual processing.
Wide-area differential GPS reference-station placement (2002)

A wide-area differential Global Positioning System (GPS) augmentation system provides differential corrections to GPS users in a large, but bounded, service area. Wide-area differential corrections are of two basic types: satellite-ephemeris/clock corrections and ionospheric-delay corrections. The underlying differences between the two types of corrections and the measurements used to calculate them impose different requirements on the placement density of the reference stations. There are also unique placement requirements near the boundaries of the service area. This paper presents guidelines for reference-station placement to provide the required navigation accuracies for aviation precision approach and other navigation modes of flight. The differential-correction accuracies for various reference-station placements are analyzed. The computer modeling tool used to verify and illustrate placement principles is Rockwell's Satellite-Based Air Traffic Management Accuracy Performance Model (SAPM).
Regulation of murine macrophage effector functions by lipoarabinomannan from mycobacterial strains with different degrees of virulence (1993)

Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is the major arabinose- and mannose-containing phosphorylated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mycobacterial cell walls. LAM preparations from a virulent strain (Erdman) (LAM(Erdman)) and an attenuated strain (H37Ra) (LAMH37Ra) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as from M. leprae (a virulent mycobacterium), were analyzed for their effects on various macrophage (M phi) effector functions. LAMH37Ra, like gram-negative LPS, exhibited a dose-dependent ability to induce tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production in normal M phi, and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) priming of the M phi greatly augmented the levels of TNF-alpha. However, the effects of LAMH37Ra were unaffected by polymyxin B, which totally abrogated the effects of LPS. LAM(Erdman) and LAM from M. leprae, on the other hand, induced virtually no TNF-alpha production. Analysis of M phi mRNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that the levels of production. Analysis of M phi mRNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that the levels of TNF-alpha mRNA induced by the various preparations correlated with the levels of TNF-alpha protein detected. Interestingly, both LAMH37Ra and LAM(Erdman) could block subsequent IFN-gamma- and LPS-induced M phi activation, a previously reported measure of the potent ability of LAM to down-regulate M phi effector functions. Two lines of evidence suggested, however, that M phi cyclooxygenase products did not play a role in this down-regulation. LAMH37Ra and LPS could induce the production of NO2- in both normal and IFN-gamma-primed M phi, whereas LAM(Erdman) could stimulate NO2- production only in primed M phi. Both LAMH37Ra and LAM(Erdman) could substitute for LPS as a triggering signal for IFN-gamma-primed M phi in a toxoplasma killing assay. The triggering ability of LAM(Erdman), however, was abrogated by an anti-TNF-alpha antibody, suggesting that sufficient TNF-alpha production was stimulated by LAM(Erdman) to drive a M phi function relevant in host resistance. Thus, mycobacterial LAM is a potent regulator of M phi functions, a fact that may have important consequences in mycobacterial disease.
Algorithms for minimizing standby power in deep submicrometer, dual-V/sub t/ CMOS circuits (2002)

Addresses the problem of delay constrained minimization of standby power of CMOS digital circuits that are implemented with dual-V/sub t/ technology. The availability of two or more threshold voltages on the same chip provides a new opportunity for circuit designers to make tradeoffs between power and delay. Three efficient algorithms that operate on a gate level netlist are described. Each algorithm assigns one of two threshold voltages (high and low V/sub t/) to each transistor so that the standby power dissipation is minimized without violating a user specified delay constraint. Experimental results on the MCNC91 benchmark circuits show that up to one order of magnitude power reduction can be achieved without any increase in delay when compared to the configuration in which all devices are at the low V/sub t/.
Epitope Mapping of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 gH/gL Defines Distinct Antigenic Sites, Including Some Associated with Biological Function (2006)

The gH/gL complex plays an essential role in virus entry and cell-cell spread of herpes simplex virus (HSV). Very few immunologic reagents were previously available to either identify important functional regions or gain information about structural features of this complex. Therefore, we generated and characterized a panel of 31 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against HSV type 2 (HSV-2) gH/gL. Fourteen MAbs bound to a conformation-dependent epitope of the gH2/gL2 complex, and all blocked virus spread. The other 17 MAbs recognized linear epitopes of gH (12) or gL (5). Interestingly, two of the gL MAbs and six of the gH MAbs were type common. Overlapping synthetic peptides were used to map MAbs against linear epitopes. These data, along with results of competition analyses and functional assays, assigned the MAbs to groups representing eight distinct antigenic sites on gH (I to VIII) and three sites on gL (A, B, and C). Of most importance, the MAbs with biological activity mapped either to site I of gH2 (amino acids 19 to 38) or to sites B and C of gL2 (residues 191 to 210). Thus, these MAbs constitute a novel set of reagents, including the first such reagents against gH2 and gL2 as well as some that recognize both serotypes of each protein. Several recognize important functional domains of gH2, gL2, or the complex. We suggest a common grouping scheme for all of the known MAbs against gH/gL of both HSV-1 and HSV-2.
Correlation between bactericidal activity and postantibiotic effect for five antibiotics with different mechanisms of action (1997)

Theoretically, if the postantibiotic effect (PAE) reflects the duration of cellular recovery, then the extent of cellular damage inflicted on bacteria by an antibiotic, as suggested by the degree of bactericidal activity, should reflect the length of PAE; this is especially true if binding of the antibiotic to bacterial receptors is irreversible. To test this hypothesis, correlation between PAEs and bactericidal rate constants measured simultaneously at various antibiotic concentrations was examined for five antibiotic-bacterium combinations. Each of the five antibiotics used, i.e. tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, dicloxacillin, trimethoprim and tetracycline, has a different mechanism of action: the first three bind irreversibly to bacterial receptors, while trimethoprim and tetracycline bind reversibly. Both PAE and bactericidal activity increased nonlinearly with concentrations in a saturable manner for all the combinations studied. Linear least-square regression analyses showed strong correlations (P < 0.01) between the two responses for individual combinations. Such a linear relationship also extended, with good correlation (P < 0.05), across the five combinations when individual maximal bactericidal rate constants and PAEs were considered separately. These observations suggest that cellular recovery from nonlethal damage following antibiotic exposure may be a major determinant of PAE.
Integrated Circuit, Hybrid, and Multichip Module Package Design Guidelines: A Focus on Reliability (1994)

Design for Reliability Concepts. Starting the Design Process. Substrates. Wire and Wirebonds. Tape Automated Bonding. Flip--Chip Bonding. Attachment. Case. Leads. Lead Seals. Lid Seal and Lid. Index.
Nuclei from Rat Liver: Isolation Method That Combines Purity with High Yield (1966)

A procedure is described that gives almost quantitative separation of clean nuclei from a homogenate of rat liver. It is a modification of methods that use concentrated sucrose solutions rather than citric acid or detergents and, therefore, permits further quantitative fractionation of cytoplasmic components.
A Direct Retro-Barbier Fragmentation (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTA Direct Retro-Barbier FragmentationWen-Chun Zhang and Chao-Jun LiView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118 [email protected]Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 18, 5831–5833Publication Date (Web):August 17, 2000Publication History Received1 February 2000Published online17 August 2000Published inissue 1 September 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo000129rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo000129rbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2305Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Bromine,Chemical reactions,Fragmentation,Mixtures Get e-Alerts
Overexpression of protein kinase C epsilon is oncogenic in rat colonic epithelial cells. (1996)

We have analysed the expression of five protein kinase C [PKC] isoforms in an in vitro model using nontumorigenic rat colonic epithelial cells FRC/TEX CL D [D/WT] and in the related tumorigenic Ha-ras-transformed FRC/TEX CL D/H-ras line [D/ras]. The PKC subspecies alpha, delta, epsilon and xi were expressed at the protein level in both D/WT and D/ras cells, while beta PKC was undetectable in both lines. The levels of expression of the delta and xi isoforms were similar in D/WT and D/ras cells. Alpha PKC expression was decreased and epsilon PKC was increased in D/ras cells compared to the D/WT line. To assess whether overexpression of epsilon PKC was linked to the transformed phenotype, we have generated from D/WT cells two clones (D/epsilon-5 and D/epsilon-9) which stably overexpress epsilon PKC about fivefold. Overexpression of epsilon PKC caused marked morphological changes in both transfected clones, which were accompanied by increased saturation densities and anchorage-independent colony formation in semisolid agar. These growth effects were attenuated or reversed by chronic incubation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Furthermore, D/epsilon-5 and D/epsilon-9 cells formed tumors in athymic nude mice with 100% incidence while the parental D/WT or vector alone (D/MV12) controls produced no tumors. We conclude that epsilon PKC can act as an oncoprotein when modestly overproduced in nontumorigenic D/WT colonic cells, and that this isoform of PKC may be linked to ras-modulated signal transduction leading to neoplastic transformation in colonic epithelium.
Several New Advances of Logical Markov Decision Processes and Relational Markov Decision Processes (2007)

Using logical Markov decision processes (LDMDPs) and relational Markov decision processes (RMDPs) one can compactly and declaratively represent complex Markov decision processes.This paper firstly introduces central con- cepts of LOMDPs and RMDPs.Then several algorithms that are different from regular Markov decision processes are reviewed:1.The transition method relying on ground state space.2.A relational upgrade of the Bellman update oper- ation.3.Approximate policy iteration using policy bias space.Finally,the paper gives conclusions of recent work and suggests future work.In this way,people are able to get an intensive,comprehensive and in-depth understanding of LOMDPs and RMDPs.
69 EFFECTS OF ENDOTOXIN ON LIVER CELLS IN A LONG TERM IN VITRO SYSTEM (1995)

Pape, H-C.; Baader, A.; Remmers, D.; Crome, O; Frühauf, N.; Fr-Sewing, K.; Regel, G. Author Information
Endogenous superallergen protein Fv induces IL-4 secretion from human Fc epsilon RI+ cells through interaction with the VH3 region of IgE. (1998)

We investigated the mechanism whereby protein Fv (pFv), a human sialoprotein found in normal liver and largely released in the intestinal tract in patients with viral hepatitis, induces mediator release from basophils and mast cells and evaluated whether it also induces IL-4 synthesis and secretion in basophils. pFv is a potent stimulus for histamine and IL-4 release from purified basophils. Histamine and IL-4 secretion from basophils activated by pFv was significantly correlated (rs = 0.70; p < 0.001). There was also a correlation (rs = 0.58; p < 0.01) between the maximum pFv- and anti-IgE-induced IL-4 release from basophils. The average t1/2 for pFv-induced histamine release was lower (3.5+/-1.5 min) than for IL-4 release (79.5+/-8.5 min; p < 0.01). IL-4 mRNA, constitutively present in basophils, was increased after stimulation by pFv and was inhibited by cyclosporin A and tacrolimus. Basophils from which IgE had been dissociated by brief exposure to lactic acid no longer released IL-4 in response to pFv and anti-IgE. The response to an mAb cross-linking the alpha-chain of Fc epsilon RI was unaffected by this treatment. Three human VH3+ monoclonal IgM concentration-dependently inhibited pFv-induced secretion of IL-4 and histamine from basophils and of histamine from human lung mast cells. In contrast, VH6+ monoclonal IgM did not inhibit the release of IL-4 and histamine induced by pFv. These results indicate that pFv, which acts as an endogenous superallergen, interacts with the VH3 domain of IgE to induce the synthesis and release of IL-4 from human Fc epsilon RI+ cells.