gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transplant Strategies in Myelin Disorders (1998)

The failure of remyelination of the central nervous system (CNS) in acquired demyelinating diseases and the persistent nonmyelination in inherited developmental disorders are major problems in human neurology. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is by far the most common acquired demyelinating disease, and in chronic MS, the failure of repair results in marked debilitation and morbidity. Severe debility is also seen in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD), a rare X-linked disorder that results from a mutation in the proteolipid protein (PLP) gene (1). Affected males may live into their second or third decade with a practically amyelinated CNS. In acquired myelin disorders, such as MS, remyelination occurs early in the course of the disease, yet may be incomplete, and the relapsing nature of the disease results in chronic demyelination. The failure of complete and lasting repair in MS is in contrast to the peripheral nervous system where Schwann cells have a much greater ability to remyelinate axons following extensive demyelination.
Packing and molecular orientation of alkanethiol monolayers on gold surfaces (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPacking and molecular orientation of alkanethiol monolayers on gold surfacesAbraham Ulman, James E. Eilers, and Nolan TillmanCite this: Langmuir 1989, 5, 5, 1147–1152Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00089a003https://doi.org/10.1021/la00089a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1324Altmetric-Citations226LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Microservices Validation: Methodology and Implementation (2015)

Due to the wide spread of cloud computing, arises actual question about architecture, design and implementation of cloud applications. The microservice model describes the design and development of loosely coupled cloud applications when computing resources are provided on the basis of automated IaaS and PaaS cloud platforms. Such applications consist of hundreds and thousands of service instances, so automated validation and testing of cloud applications developed on the basis of microservice model is a pressing issue. There are constantly developing new methods of testing both individual microservices and cloud applications at a whole. This article presents our vision of a framework for the validation of the microservice cloud applications, providing an integrated approach for the implementation of various testing methods of such applications, from basic unit tests to continuous stability testing.
Identification and Analysis of Conserved cis-Regulatory Regions of the MEIS1 Gene (2012)

Meis1, a conserved transcription factor of the TALE-homeodomain class, is expressed in a wide variety of tissues during development. Its complex expression pattern is likely to be controlled by an equally complex regulatory landscape. Here we have scanned the Meis1 locus for regulatory elements and found 13 non-coding regions, highly conserved between humans and teleost fishes, that have enhancer activity in stable transgenic zebrafish lines. All these regions are syntenic in most vertebrates. The composite expression of all these enhancer elements recapitulate most of Meis1 expression during early embryogenesis, indicating they comprise a basic set of regulatory elements of the Meis1 gene. Using bioinformatic tools, we identify a number of potential binding sites for transcription factors that are compatible with the regulation of these enhancers. Specifically, HHc2:066650, which is expressed in the developing retina and optic tectum, harbors several predicted Pax6 sites. Biochemical, functional and transgenic assays indicate that pax6 genes directly regulate HHc2:066650 activity.
WHY DO OUR PATIENTS DIE IN SILENCE? (2003)

Linda W. Johnston, RN, PhD, a nursing educator at the University of South Carolina Aiken School of Nursing for fifteen years, teaching on death and dying, has expertise in gerontology and end-of-life, as well as psychological issues related to aging and care giving. She is an active member of a Presbyterian church. Marolyn Baril, RN, MN, a senior instructor at the University of South Carolina Aiken School of Nursing, works in private practice as a family nurse practitioner and has 20 years' experience in critical care. She attends St. Mary Help of Christians Catholic Church. Janice Pearsall, RN, MSN, child health nursing course coordinator at the University of South Carolina Aiken School of Nursing, has experience as a clinical nurse specialist in pediatric hematology and oncology. She is an active member at Aiken First Baptist Church.FigureFigureFigure
Polycyclic Guanidine Alkaloids from the Marine Sponge Crambe crambe and Ca<sup>++</sup> Channel Blocker Activity of Crambescidin 816 (1993)

Four pentacyclic guanidine derivatives (crambescidin 800 [5], crambescidin 816 [6], isocrambescidin 800 [9], and crambine [10]) related to ptilomycalin A [11] have been isolated from the Mediterranean sponge Crambe crambe. Isocrambescidin 800 and crambidine are new derivatives, the structures of which have been determined on the basis of their spectral properties. The absolute configuration of crambescidin 816 at the stereogenic center C-43 has been determined by applying Mosher's method. Pharmacological and biological activities of the Crambe crambe alkaloids are reported. In particular, crambescidin 816 was found to have a potent Ca++ antagonist effect and to inhibit the acetylcholine-induced contraction of guinea pig ileum at very low concentrations.
Translating Synchronous Petri Nets into PROMELA for Verifying Behavioural Properties (2007)

For developing embedded systems, the design process may benefit in some contexts from the usage of formal methods, namely to find critical errors and flaws, before final design and implementation decisions are taken. The Synchronous and Interpreted Petri net (SIP-net) modelling language is considered in this article to model embedded systems. This model of computation is based on safe Petri nets with guarded transitions and synchronous transitions firing, and also includes enabling and inhibitor arcs. The Spin tool, whose input language is PROMELA, is a verification system based on model checking techniques. This article presents a program to translate SIP-net models into PROMELA code and discusses in detail the adequacy of the created PROMELA specification for verification through model checking techniques.
Optimized Computer-Aided Segmentation and Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Using Intracoronary Optical Coherence Tomography (2017)

We present a novel and time-efficient method for intracoronary lumen detection, which produces three-dimensional (3-D) coronary arteries using optical coherence tomographic (OCT) images. OCT images are acquired for multiple patients and longitudinal cross-section (LOCS) images are reconstructed using different acquisition angles. The lumen contours for each LOCS image are extracted and translated to 2-D cross-sectional images. Using two angiographic projections, the centerline of the coronary vessel is reconstructed in 3-D, and the detected 2-D contours are transformed to 3-D and placed perpendicular to the centerline. To validate the proposed method, 613 manual annotations from medical experts were used as gold standard. The 2-D detected contours were compared with the annotated contours, and the 3-D reconstructed models produced using the detected contours were compared to the models produced by the annotated contours. Wall shear stress (WSS), as dominant hemodynamics factor, was calculated using computational fluid dynamics and 844 consecutive 2-mm segments of the 3-D models were extracted and compared with each other. High Pearson's correlation coefficients were obtained for the lumen area (r = 0.98) and local WSS (r = 0.97) measurements, while no significant bias with good limits of agreement was shown in the Bland-Altman analysis. The overlapping and nonoverlapping areas ratio between experts' annotations and presented method was 0.92 and 0.14, respectively. The proposed computer-aided lumen extraction and 3-D vessel reconstruction method is fast, accurate, and likely to assist in a number of research and clinical applications.
Sperm Membrane Dynamics Assessed by Changes in Lectin Fluorescence Before and After Capacitation (2004)

Sperm capacitation is correlated with acquisition of fertilizing ability, and the molecular events underlying this process are only beginning to be understood. A number of membrane changes associated with capacitation have been documented. In this study we used lectin probes to identify changes in glycoprotein localization as a result of capacitation of mouse sperm. Eight lectins (LEA, PSA, PNA, AAA, UEA-1, WGA, STA, and TPA) stained regions of the mouse sperm head, tail, or both. No changes in tail staining patterns were detected when sperm were incubated under capacitating conditions. In contrast, 7 of 8 lectins tested showed clear shifts in staining patterns in the sperm head as a result of incubation under capacitating conditions. When staining patterns were quantified, a distinct heterogeneity within the sperm population was observed. Each lectin displayed 3 distinct staining patterns in both uncapacitated and capacitated sperm samples. The least common pattern represented the acrosome-reacted (AR) pattern, as independently assessed by lectin staining of ionophoretreated sperm that were >95% AR as judged by Coomassie staining. However, a reciprocal shift in the two predominant staining patterns was correlated with capacitation and suggests that changes in distribution of cell surface proteins during capacitation constitute part of the molecular changes which result in changes in sperm function acquired during this process.
Non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis based on a combined analysis of six plasma biomarkers (2009)

Advanced statistical analysis of a panel of six selected plasma biomarkers on samples obtained during the secretory phase or during menstruation allows the diagnosis of both minimal-mild and moderate-severe endometriosis with high sensitivity and clinically acceptable specificity.
Automatic make and model recognition from frontal images of cars (2011)

We investigate a range of solutions in car `make and model' recognition. Several different feature detection approaches are investigated and applied to the problem including a new approach based on Harris corner strengths. This approach recursively partitions the image into quadrants, the feature strengths in these quadrants are then summed and locally normalised in a recursive, hierarchical fashion. Two different classification approaches are investigated; a k-nearest-neighbour classifier and a Naive Bayes classifier. Our system is able to classify vehicles with 96.0% accuracy, tested using leave-one-out cross-validation on a realistic dataset of 262 frontal images of cars.
Bitumen emulsion practice in the United Kingdom, with special reference to high bitumen content emulsions and polymer modified binders in surface dressing, (spray sealing) (1985)

This paper describes the bitumen emulsion practice in the United Kingdom with special reference to the use of polymer surface dressing binders and high bitumen content emulsions. Climate and the latest road statistics are utilised to explain the expansion of the use of bitumen emulsions. Emulsion viscosity problems are discussed in relation to obtaining good transverse distributions. Some aspects of the surface dressing operation are covered including plant and techniques. The degree of site difficulty defines the skid resistance required and where polymer and thermosetting binders should be used. The author feels that this appreciation is intrinsic to maximising economic benefit and is important for the future of surface dressing (a).
Incremental update method for resource-constrained in-vehicle ECUs (2016)

An increase in the amount of program code used in the firmware of electronic control units (ECUs) in vehicles has led to an increase in updates after sales to resolve bugs in the program code. In this situation, automakers are beginning to introduce over-the-air firmware update technology currently used in the mobile phone industry. We developed an incremental update method based on BSDiff and demonstrated its application to resource-constrained microcontrollers in ECUs. We implemented the method using a Renesas RH850/F1L simulator and evaluated the memory usage and compression ratio. We demonstrated that the proposed method is applicable to in-vehicle ECUs.
PCR cloning of type II polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis genes from two Pseudomonas strains (2001)

Two polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase genes, phaC1 from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes HBQ06 and phaC2 from Pseudomonas nitroreducens 0802, were cloned using a PCR cloning strategy based on the type II pha loci property of Pseudomonas strains. The complete open reading frames (ORFs) of phaC1 (P. nitroreducens HBQ06) and phaC2 (P. nitroreducens 0802) were identified from the PCR products. Using the sequence information, the complete PHA synthase genes were PCR cloned directly from the genomic DNA and expressed in Escherichia coli as confirmed by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography. The differences between PhaC1 and PhaC2 were analyzed and the two proteins were suggested to contain different functions and evolution history.
Targeting factor Xa and thrombin: impact on coagulation and beyond (2013)

Great advances have been made in recent years in understanding the haemostatic system and the molecular and cellular basis of thrombus formation. Although directly targeting factor Xa or thrombin (factor IIa) for effective anticoagulation is now well established, evidence has emerged suggesting that factor Xa and thrombin are involved in other physiological and pathophysiological cellular processes, including inflammation. These non-haemostatic activities of factor Xa and thrombin are predominantly mediated via the activation of proteinase-activated receptors. Studies have indicated a potential role of coagulation proteins (including factor Xa and thrombin) in the progression of disease conditions such as atherothrombosis. Preclinical studies have provided evidence for the effects of direct factor Xa or direct thrombin inhibition beyond anticoagulation, including anti-inflammatory activities and atherosclerotic plaque stabilisation. In this article, the non-haemostatic activities of factor Xa and thrombin and the effects of direct inhibition of these coagulation factors on these activities are summarised. In addition, the potential roles of factor Xa and thrombin in atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis are explored and the cardiovascular profiles of rivaroxaban, apixaban and dabigatran etexilate observed in phase III clinical studies are discussed.
Identification of Nonpeptide CCR5 Receptor Agonists by Structure-based Virtual Screening (2007)

A three-dimensional model of the chemokine receptor CCR5 has been built to fulfill structural peculiarities of its alpha-helix bundle and to distinguish known CCR5 antagonists from randomly chosen drug-like decoys. In silico screening of a library of 1.6 million commercially available compounds against the CCR5 model by sequential filters (drug-likeness, 2-D pharmacophore, 3-D docking, scaffold clustering) yielded a hit list of 59 compounds, out of which 10 exhibited a detectable binding affinity to the CCR5 receptor. Unexpectedly, most binders tested in a functional assay were shown to be agonists of the CCR5 receptor. A follow-up database query based on similarity to the most potent binders identified three new CCR5 agonists. Despite a moderate affinity of all nonpeptide ligands for the CCR5 receptor, one of the agonists was shown to promote efficient receptor internalization, which is a process therapeutically favorable for protection against HIV-1 infection.
Noise cancellation using ratio detection (1968)

Noise cancellation systems that in essence form the ratio between the detected videos of two different channels have frequently been used to reduce the effects of continuous external interference. As yet, no quantitative treatment of such systems is available in the literature. This paper examines the statistical properties of the cancelled video output and determines such quantities as false-alarm probability and probability of detection in terms of threshold setting and signal-to-interference ratio. In general, for optimum detectability two distinct thresholds are required (in contrast to conventional detection systems), although specific numerical results are given for the more practical, suboptimum cases of a single threshold and a symmetrical dual threshold. Both a nonfiuctuating target and a Rayleigh fading target are considered.
Designing a High-Speed Press with a Six-Bar Linkage Mechanism (2015)

This paper describes the design process of a high-speed cutting press with a linkage mechanism in its drive train. The whole process is carried out for a virtual prototype. The kinematic and dynamic properties of the six-bar linkage mechanism are optimised regarding boundary conditions coming from the production process and kinematic requirements. Using a rigid body model, the geometric dimensions and inertia parameters of the links of the mechanism can be determined. A finite-element (FE) model is build up to check the parts’ durability during work load. A verification of main results is realised on an experimental prototype made from rapid prototyping material.
VTrust: A Robust Trust Framework for Relay Selection in Hybrid Vehicular Communications (2015)

As one of the essential components of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) plays a significant role in enabling various on-road applications, most of which primarily rely on two-top Vehicle-To-Vehicle communications. To make such communications reliable and secure, it is significant to ensure that the trustworthy vehicles are selected as relays. To tackle this challenge, this paper proposes a robust trust framework, called VTrust, which systematically integrates a set of unique features of VANET, e.g., hybrid architecture, high dynamics, social attributes, into the traditional reputation system, with an objective to effectively differentiate the trust levels of the vehicles meanwhile preserve high scalability and robustness. The digital signature and multisignature techniques are also applied to enhance the security of VTrust. To validate the performance of the framework, an in-depth security analysis is conducted, which shows that it is secure and robust against several sophisticated attacks in VANETs. Also, a set of extensive simulations is carried out, demonstrating its effectiveness, accuracy, and scalability.
Role of DNA Ligase in the Illegitimate Recombination That Generates λ<i>bio</i>-Transducing Phages in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2001)

We studied the role of DNA ligase in illegitimate recombination in Escherichia coli. A temperature-sensitive mutation in the lig gene reduced the frequency with which lambdabio-transducing phages were generated to 10-14% of that of wild type under UV irradiation. Reintroduction of the lig gene into this mutant restored the frequency of recombinant phage generation to that of wild type. Furthermore, overexpression of DNA ligase enhanced illegitimate recombination by 10-fold with or without UV irradiation. In addition, when DNA ligase was present in only limited amounts, UV-induced or spontaneous illegitimate recombination occurred exclusively at hotspot sites that have relatively long sequences of homology (9 or 13 bp). However, when DNA ligase was overexpressed, most of the illegitimate recombination took place at non-hotspot sites having only short sequences of homology (<4 bp). Thus, the level of ligase activity affects the frequency of illegitimate recombination, the length of sequence homology at the recombination sites, and the preference for recombination at hotspots, at least after UV irradiation. These observations support our hypothesis that the illegitimate recombination that generates lambdabio-transducing phages is mediated by the DNA break-and-join mechanism.
Substituted naphthazarins as potential anticancer agents (1976)

Some 2,3-bis(substituted methyl)naphthazarins and related compounds were synthesized by the Diels-Alder reaction of benzoquinone and 2,3-dimethylbutadiene followed by oxidation and substitution reactions. These compounds were prepared as potential biological alkylating agents. Screening results indicated that 1,4-diacetyl-6,7-dimethyl-4a,5,8,8a-tetrahydronaphthalene and 5,8-bis(benzoyloxy)-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone possessed borderline activity against leukemia P388 and that naphthazarin diacetate possessed confirmed cytotoxicity against the cell culture of human epidermoid carcinoma of the nasopharynx.