gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High voltage magnetic pulse generation using capacitor discharge technique (2014)

A high voltage magnetic pulse is designed by applying an electrical pulse to the coil. Capacitor banks are developed to generate the pulse current. Switching circuit consisting of Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT) switches, thyristor, and triggering circuit is developed and tested. The coil current is measured using a Hall-effect current sensor. The magnetic pulse generated is measured and tabulated in a graph. Simulation using Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) is done to compare the results obtained between experiment and simulation. Results show that increasing the capacitance of the capacitor bank will increase the output voltage. This technology can be applied to areas such as medical equipment, measurement instrument, and military equipment.
Advanced integrated-circuit reliability simulation including dynamic stress effects (1992)

A systematic approach to predict semiconductor degradation effects using reliability simulation is described. The DC degradation monitor is first extracted during transient circuit simulation. An AC degradation factor is then used to determine circuit performance degradation. By using these techniques on the design of CMOS components, proper long-term reliability can be achieved for high-speed circuits. Experimental results on digital circuits using an industrial submicrometer technology demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in reliable VLSI circuit design. Results on two-input NAND gates, DRAM precharging circuit, and SRAM control circuits are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Systemic Arterial Embolism After Mitral Valvulotomy (1972)

During an average period of follow-up of 6 years, 255 patients subjected to closed mitral valvulotomy had an incidence of late arterial emboli of 1.0% per patient-year. In an unoperated series of 271 patients with mitral stenosis the incidence was 3.7% per patient-year. The significant protective value of mitral valvulotomy against late systemic embolism was particularly evident in patients with pre-operative atrial fibrillation. In subjects with pre-operative arterial emboli the rate of late embolism was 3.0% per patient-year, and it is suggested that long-term anticoagulant therapy is considered in this group of patients.
Influence of coding and hardware imperfections on the bit error structure of multilevel QAM systems (1989)

When putting together 140-Mb/s 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) modems, radio-relay sets, and the appertaining total multiplex/demultiplex equipment, different and even higher bit error rates (BERs) have been measured at the primary low-level 64-kb/s outputs as compared to that at 140 Mb/s. The authors show that this error multiplex effect is mainly caused by the coding of signal points and by hardware imperfections such as carrier and clock phase jitter, nonideal regenerator threshold voltages, etc. They derive the mathematical tools necessary for calculation of the bit error structure at the modem output under optimum and nonoptimum receiver conditions. It is shown how the errors are distributed among the demultiplexer channels. QAM space diagrams of distorted signals are used for calculation of the BERs in the subsystems. Some experimental results emphasize the fact that the multiplex equipment must not be excluded from design considerations for QAM modems. The 16- and 64-QAM systems are compared with respect to their susceptibility to the error multiplex effect, and a scrambling technique is proposed as a possible means to reduce the BER differences.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A proposal of introducing clustering technology to R*-tree (2002)

As a famous member of R-tree family, R^*-tree is widely used in multimedia databases and spatial databases, in which NN (Nearest Neighbor) search is very popular. Based on the observation that the objects are not well-clustered in R^*-tree leaf nodes, this paper proposes an approach to improve NN search performance of R^*-tree by introducing clustering technology to R^*-tree. The experimental result indicates that our improved R^*-tree has much better NN search performance than the original R^*-tree.
LPT(II)-CSTBT&#x2122;(III) for High Voltage application with ultra robust turn-off capability utilizing novel edge termination design (2012)

In this paper, the phenomena of current crowding and impact ionization in edge termination of High-Voltage (HV) LPT(II)-CSTBT™(III) is investigated. It is discovered for the first time that these two phenomena act as separated heat sources and induce one local hot spot which causes the thermal destruction in the edge termination during large current and high voltage turn-off switching. A novel edge termination design called “Partial P Collector” is proposed and evaluated. The novel design reduces current crowding and relaxes electric field in the edge termination. Simulated and measured results show that the failure mode of the novel design is determined by current filament phenomenon inside active cell region. It concludes that HV LPT(II)-CSTBT™(III) utilizing Partial P Collector edge termination design has ultra robust turn-off capability without deteriorating other electrical performances.
Electrolytic codeposition of submicron silicon carbide with nickel (1999)

Codeposition of submicron SiC powders from different origins with nickel was successfully achieved in laboratory and semi-industrial plating cells. The weight percent t of SiC in the coatings depends on the concentration of SiC particles in suspension. The particle distribution was quite uniform across the coating thickness. Several additives were tried to optimize the surface finish of the coatings. The hardness of the Ni-SiC coatings increases with increasing amount of incorporated SiC and the wear resistance in sliding is improved in comparison to pure nickel. A potential application of such wear-resistant composite coatings is given.
Identification of a Principal mRNA Species for Human 3 -Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Isoform (AKR1C3) That Exhibits High Prostaglandin D2 11-Ketoreductase Activity (1998)

Human 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase exists in four isoforms, which belong to the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily and are named AKR1C1-AKR1C4. The properties of AKR1C3 have not been fully characterized compared to the other isoforms. In addition, a cDNA that shows more than 99% homology with AKR1C3 cDNA has been cloned from human myeloblasts. We have here expressed and purified a recombinant enzyme (designated as DBDH) from this cDNA. DBDH oxidized xenobiotic alicyclic alcohols and 3alpha- or 17beta-hydroxy-5beta-androstanes, and catalyzed the reversible conversion between prostaglandin D2 and 9alpha,11beta-prostaglandin F2 more efficiently than that of 3alpha- or 17beta-hydroxysteroids:the respective Km values were 0.6 and 6.8 microM, and kcat/Km values were about 1,000 min-1.mM-1. Anti-inflammatory drugs highly inhibited the enzyme. The recombinant AKR1C3 prepared by site-directed mutagenesis of DBDH also showed the same properties as the wild-type DBDH. Analyses of expression of mRNAs for DBDH and AKR1C3 by reverse transcription-PCR indicated that only one mRNA species for DBDH is expressed in 33 human specimens of liver, kidney, lung, brain, heart, spleen, adrenal gland, small intestine, placenta, prostate, and testis. These results suggest that AKR1C3 acts as prostaglandin D2 11-ketoreductase, and that its principal gene in the human has a coding region represented by DBDH cDNA.
That was fast! Speeding up NN search of high dimensional distributions. (2013)

We present a data structure for fast nearest neighbor retrieval of generative models of documents based on Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence. Our data structure, which shares some similarity with Bregman Ball Trees, consists of a hierarchical partition of a database, and uses a novel branch and bound methodology for search. The main technical contribution of the paper is a novel and efficient algorithm for deciding whether to explore nodes during backtracking, based on a variational approximation. This reduces the number of computations per node, and overcomes the limitations of Bregman Ball Trees on high dimensional data. In addition, our strategy is applicable also to probability distributions with hidden state variables, and is not limited to regular exponential family distributions. Experiments demonstrate substantial speedups over both Bregman Ball Trees and over brute force search, on both moderate and high dimensional histogram data. In addition, experiments on linear dynamical systems demonstrate the flexibility of our approach to latent variable models. Proceedings of the 30 th
RNAi versus small molecules: different mechanisms and specificities can lead to different outcomes. (2005)

The methodology of RNA interference (RNAi) arrived on the scene of mammalian systems research in 2001. Since that time, there has been widespread use of this technology in both academic and industrial settings. RNAi and small molecules were initially considered as equivalent methods for inhibiting protein activity within cells, but as our understanding of the mechanism of RNAi has improved, it has become apparent that differences in their cellular mechanisms have unexpected consequences. There can be profound differences in the phenotypic outcomes of treatment with RNAi versus small molecules. This review discusses the similarities, as well as the predicted differences between RNAi and small molecule effects on therapeutic paradigms and drug discovery.
Maximizing Infrastructure Providers’ Revenue Through Network Slicing in 5G (2019)

Adapting to recent trends in mobile communications towards 5G, infrastructure owners are gradually modifying their systems for supporting the network programmability paradigm and for participating in the slice market (i.e., dynamic leasing of virtual network slices to service providers). Two-fold are the advantages offered by this upgrade: i) enabling next generation services, and ii) allowing new profit opportunities. Many efforts exist already in the field of admission control, resource allocation and pricing for virtualized networks. Most of the 5G-related research efforts focus in technological enhancements for making existing solutions compliant to the strict requirements of next generation networks. On the other hand, the profit opportunities associated to the slice market also need to be reconsidered in order to assess the feasibility of this new business model. Nonetheless, when economic aspects are studied in the literature, technical constraints are generally oversimplified. For this reason, in this work, we propose an admission control mechanism for network slicing that respects 5G timeliness while maximizing network infrastructure providers' revenue, reducing expenditures and providing a fair slice provision to competing service providers. To this aim, we design an admission policy of reduced complexity based on bid selection, we study the optimal strategy in different circumstances (i.e., pool size of available resources, service providers' strategy and traffic load), analyze the performance metrics and compare the proposal against reference approaches. Finally, we explore the case where infrastructure providers lease network slices either on-demand or on a periodic time basis and provide a performance comparison between the two approaches. Our analysis shows that the proposed approach outperforms existing solutions, especially in the case of infrastructures with large pool of resources and under intense traffic conditions.
Efficacy of auditory brainstem response as a screening test for small acoustic neuromas. (1995)

Auditory brainstem response (ABR) has been advocated as a high sensitivity screening test for acoustic neuroma. With the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), smaller size acoustic neuromas are now detectable. A prospective trial was performed to determine the sensitivity of ABR in diagnosing small acoustic neuromas. One hundred five randomly selected patients with surgically proved acoustic neuromas underwent preoperative ABR tests within 2 months of their surgery. Patients with a histologic diagnosis other than acoustic neuroma were excluded from this study. A test was considered abnormal when the interaural wave I-V latency difference was greater than 0.2 ms, the absolute wave V latency was abnormally prolonged, or there was abnormal or absent waveform morphology. Of the 105 patients tested 92 (87.6%) had abnormal ABR test, and 13 (12.4%) had completely normal waveforms and wave latencies. Eighteen patients had tumors over 2 cm in total diameter. Of these, 12 were 2.5 cm or larger and 6 were between 2.1 and 2.4 cm. All of these 18 patients had abnormal ABR tests. Of the 29 patients with tumors 1.6-2.0 cm in size, 25 (86%) had abnormal ABRs. In the 1.0-1.5 cm diameter range there were 45 patients who underwent a preoperative ABR. Of these, 40 (89%) had abnormal ABRs. Of 13 patients with tumors 9 mm or smaller, only 9 (69%) had abnormal ABR test (p < .05). Thus, it appears that ABR sensitivity decreases with tumor size and is particularly inadequate for tumors of less than 1 cm in diameter. The authors conclude that ABR is not a good screening test for smaller acoustic neuromas and recommend MRI for patients with suspected acoustic neuroma.
SAF Student Chapter (1983)

In May, 1982, our student chapter of the Society of American Foresters was formed. Our first activity of the year was in September, when eighteen students attended the SAP National Convention in Cincinnati, Ohio. We were pleased to have one of the largest student turnouts of the schools that attended.
Unconstrained On-line Handwriting Recognition with Recurrent Neural Networks (2007)

In online handwriting recognition the trajectory of the pen is recorded during writing. Although the trajectory provides a compact and complete representation of the written output, it is hard to transcribe directly, because each letter is spread over many pen locations. Most recognition systems therefore employ sophisticated preprocessing techniques to put the inputs into a more localised form. However these techniques require considerable human effort, and are specific to particular languages and alphabets. This paper describes a system capable of directly transcribing raw online handwriting data. The system consists of an advanced recurrent neural network with an output layer designed for sequence labelling, combined with a probabilistic language model. In experiments on an unconstrained online database, we record excellent results using either raw or preprocessed data, well outperforming a state-of-the-art HMM based system in both cases.
Situated dialogue and understanding spatial organization: Knowing what is where and what you can do there (2006)

The paper presents an HRI architecture for human-augmented mapping. Through interaction with a human, the robot can augment its autonomously learnt metric map with qualitative information about locations and objects in the environment. The system implements various interaction strategies observed in independent Wizard-of-Oz studies. The paper discusses an ontology-based approach to representing and inferring 2.5D spatial organization, and presents how knowledge of spatial organization can be acquired autonomously or through spoken dialogue interaction
What’s an Expert? Using learning analytics to identify emergent markers of expertise through automated speech, sentiment and sketch analysis (2011)

Assessing student learning across a variety of environments and tasks continues to be a crucial educational concern. This task is of particular difficulty in non-traditional learning environments where students endeavor to design their own projects and engage in a hands-on educational experience. In order to improve our ability to recognize learning in these constructionist environments, this paper reports on an exploratory analysis of learning through multiple modalities: speech, sentiment and drawing. A rich set of features is automatically extracted from the data and used to identify emergent markers of expertise. Some of the most prominent markers of expertise include: user certainty, the ability to describe things efficiently and a disinclination to use unnecessary descriptors or qualifiers. Experts also displayed better organization and used less detail in their drawings. While many of these are things one would expect of an expert, there were areas in which experts looked very similar to novices. To explain this we report on learning theories that can reconcile these seemingly odd findings, and expound on how these domain-independent markers can be useful for identifying student learning over a series of activities.
Improving host security with system call policies (2003)

We introduce a system that eliminates the need to run programs in privileged process contexts. Using our system, programs run unprivileged but may execute certain operations with elevated privileges as determined by a configurable policy eliminating the need for suid or sgid binaries. We present the design and analysis of the &quot;Systrace&quot; facility which supports fine grained process confinement, intrusion detection, auditing and privilege elevation. It also facilitates the often difficult process of policy generation. With Systrace, it is possible to generate policies automatically in a training session or generate them interactively during program execution. The policies describe the desired behavior of services or user applications on a system call level and are enforced to prevent operations that are not explicitly permitted. We show that Systrace is efficient and does not impose significant performance penalties.
STRONG LIGHT MATTER INTERACTIONS AT THE NANOSCALE: FORMATION OF POLARITONS IN HYBRID DIELECTRIC METASURFACES (2019)

Study and control of light matter interactions at the nanoscale is an extremely active topic of research as it can create intriguing new opportunities for sensing, optoelectronics, nonlinear optics, and other nanophotonic devices. Various platforms have been investigated to study light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. The most recent explorations in research come from one platform, metasurfaces – planar equivalents of three dimensional metamaterials. Previous studies of strong light matter interaction have been demonstrated on metallic metasurfaces. However, there are little experiments demonstrating strong light-matter interaction in all dielectric metasurfaces. We present a study demonstrating strong light-matter interactions in a hybrid dielectric metasurface comprising of Mie resonators loaded with III-V semiconductor quantum wells. Simulations of our quantum wells verify there are two quantum confined states within our grown quantum wells allowing for an intersubband transition in mid-infrared wavelengths. We characterized this intersubband transition using waveguide measurement techniques. We then used electron beam lithography to fabricate Mie resonators and demonstrated strong polaritonic coupling between the zeroth order Magnetic Mie Mode and the intersubband transition from n=1 to n=2. Or experimental results show Rabi splitting – a signature of strong coupling, of approx.. ~ 10 % which is comparable to metallic metasurface counterparts.
Superhalogen-based lithium superionic conductors (2017)

Molecular dynamics simulations show Li-ion diffusion in the newly invented antiperovskite Li<sub>3</sub>OBH<sub>4</sub>. The blue trajectories show how the Li<sup>+</sup> ions run through the lattice of vibrational oxygen (red). The white trajectories show the fast rotational motion of the BH<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> superhalogen ions.
Structure–Activity Relationship of the Antimalarial Ozonide Artefenomel (OZ439) (2017)

Building on insights gained from the discovery of the antimalarial ozonide arterolane (OZ277), we now describe the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the antimalarial ozonide artefenomel (OZ439). Primary and secondary amino ozonides had higher metabolic stabilities than tertiary amino ozonides, consistent with their higher pK<sub>a</sub> and lower log D<sub>7.4</sub> values. For primary amino ozonides, addition of polar functional groups decreased in vivo antimalarial efficacy. For secondary amino ozonides, additional functional groups had variable effects on metabolic stability and efficacy, but the most effective members of this series also had the highest log D<sub>7.4</sub> values. For tertiary amino ozonides, addition of polar functional groups with H-bond donors increased metabolic stability but decreased in vivo antimalarial efficacy. Primary and tertiary amino ozonides with cycloalkyl and heterocycle substructures were superior to their acyclic counterparts. The high curative efficacy of these ozonides was most often associated with high and prolonged plasma exposure, but exposure on its own did not explain the presence or absence of either curative efficacy or in vivo toxicity.
Evidence of early impairment of parasympathetic reflexes in insulin dependent diabetics without autonomic symptoms. (1985)

Cardiovascular (CV) autonomic functions were assessed in 50 insulin-dependent diabetic patients and in 30 controls using a battery of autonomic tests: Valsalva Manoeuvre (VR), Deep Breathing (DB), Lying-to-Standing (LS), Sustained Handgrip (SHG) and Postural Hypotension (PH). The results were compared with those obtained from a study of cardiac resting adjustment to different static postures (quiet lying and standing). 10 diabetics with abnormal responses to the majority of tests were considered affected by Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy (DAN); 15 with some abnormal of borderline responses were defined much less than Borderlines much greater than. The remaining 25 diabetics, while displaying lower values than the controls in parasympathetic tests, had much less than normal much greater than autonomic responses. The VR mean (+/- SD) value was 1.71 +/- 31 in much less than normal much greater than diabetics and 2.01 +/- 0.29 in controls (p less than 0.001); the DB mean value was 20.6 +/- 87 and 28 +/- 8.13 (p less than 0.001), and the LS mean value 1.16 +/- 0.12 and 1.33 +/- 0.18 (p less than 0.001) respectively. No significant differences were found in the sympathetic tests (SHG, PH). However Heart Rate (HR) adjustment of diabetics with normal CV responses to immobile standing (RR mean 783 +/- 136 ms) and lying (RR mean increment of 25 +/- 11%; p less than 0.001) was similar to that of controls who had a resting HR standing (RR mean 749 +/- 104 ms) and lying (RR mean 884 +/- 116 ms) with a mean increment of 20.2 +/- 10.9% (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Sudden blastic transformation in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with imatinib mesylate (2005)

Sudden blastic transformation (SBT) has been reported in 0.5% to 2.5% of patients treated with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) during the first 3 years of therapy. Imatinib is now standard therapy for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase. We investigated the occurrence of SBT among patients treated with imatinib. Among 541 patients treated with imatinib in chronic phase, 23 developed blast phase, which was of sudden onset (ie, occurring in patients previously in complete cytogenetic remission) in 4 patients (17%; 0.7% of the total), 2 lymphoid and 2 myeloid. Patients with SBT were found to have low-risk features more often at the time of presentation and had achieved optimal response with imatinib. Three of the 4 patients underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation and achieved a molecular remission. SBT is still a rare event, probably less common than that observed with IFN-alpha therapy. Continuous monitoring of patients treated with imatinib is mandatory.