gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Face to face (2010)

From studying for a degree in philosophy to becoming professor of nursing at Swansea University, Gary Rolfe has taken an unconventional route in his career. He wants practitioners to find ways of treating patients as individuals instead of conforming to a ‘gold standard’ of practice imposed on them in government policies. He talks to Thelma Agnew
A new route to trans-2,6-disubstituted piperidine-related alkaloids using a novel C2-symmetric 2,6-diallylpiperidine carboxylic acid methyl ester (2006)

A novel C2-symmetric 2,6-diallylpiperidine carboxylic acid methyl ester 1 was prepared by the double asymmetric allylboration of glutaldehyde followed by an aminocyclization and carbamation. On the basis of desymmetrization of 1 using iodocarbamation, one allyl group of 1 was protected and monofunctionalizations of the resulting oxazolidinone 11 were performed. The reaction of the N-methoxycarbonyl piperidine 25 employing decarbamation reagent (n-PrSLi or TMSI) as a key step gave oxazolidinone 26 or 17 including an intramolecular ring formation, which was transformed in a few steps into (-)-porantheridine (2) and (-)-2-epi-porantheridine (3), respectively. In addition, the expedient synthesis of (+)-epi-dihydropinidine (4), (2R,6R)-trans-solenopsin A (5), and precoccinelline (6), starting from 11 is described.
Combustion and leaching behavior of elements in the Argonne Premium Coal Samples (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCombustion and leaching behavior of elements in the Argonne Premium Coal SamplesR. B. Finkelman, C. A. Palmer, M. R. Krasnow, P. J. Aruscavage, G. A. Sellers, and F. T. DulongCite this: Energy Fuels 1990, 4, 6, 755–766Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00024a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00024a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views505Altmetric-Citations150LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fluoride Toothpastes as a Cause of Acne-like Eruptions (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read the letter from Dr Saunders on fluoride toothpastes as a cause of acne-like eruptions.<sup>1</sup>His observations are interesting and possibly important. However, I would like to offer the following comments: (1) The ingestion of fluorides neither precipitates nor aggravates acne.<sup>2</sup>(2) Fluorides are much more closely related chemically to chlorides than to iodides or bromides, although all are halogens. There is no evidence that chlorides per se cause or irritate acne. (3) Dr Saunders has not established that nonfluoride toothpastes do not cause acneiform eruptions. (4) A survey among dentists indicates that, due to the efforts of Madison Avenue, 60% to 80% of all people, and especially women, use fluoride toothpastes. Therefore, 46 out of 46 cases is less impressive. (5) It has not been established that the fluorides in the toothpaste are the actual cause of the eruption described by Dr Saunders;
Catalyzed hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate melts (1994)

Abstract The effect of zinc catalysts on the hydrolytic depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) melts in excess water was studied using a 2‐L stirred pressure reactor at temperatures of 250, 265, and 280°C. The main products of the reaction were found to be terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, and diethylene glycol. Rate constants were calculated from initial rate data at each temperature and found to be about 20% greater than the corresponding rate constants for uncatalyzed hydrolysis. The catalytic effect of zinc, as well as sodium, salts is attributed to the electrolytic destabilization of the polymer‐water interface during hydrolysis. The depolymerization rate data at 265°C were found to fit a kinetic model proposed earlier for the uncatalysed hydrolysis of PET. The effect of zinc and sodium salts on the activation energy of hydrolysis, or on the formation of ethylene glycol monomer is unclear. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ATF6β‐based fine‐tuning of the unfolded protein response enhances therapeutic antibody productivity of Chinese hamster ovary cells (2017)

The dynamics of protein folding and secretion are key issues in improving the productivity and robustness of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) producer cells. High recombinant protein secretion in CHO producer clones triggers the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), an intracellular response to the accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We previously reported that the human microRNA (miRNA) miR-1287 enhances productivity in IgG-expressing CHO cells (CHO-IgG). Here, through next-generation sequencing (NGS), we identified the activating transcription factor 6 beta (ATF6β), a repressor of the pro-survival and UPR promoting factor ATF6α, as a direct target gene of miR-1287 in CHO-IgG cells. We show that the transient depletion of ATF6β resulted in enhanced specific productivity comparable to that of miR-1287-expressing CHO-IgG cells. Strikingly, stable ATF6β knockdown in CHO-IgG cells significantly improved antibody titer and viable cell density under fed-batch conditions. This was associated with the elevated expression of the UPR genes glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), homocysteine inducible ER protein with ubiquitin like domain 1 (Herpud1) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP). We hence demonstrate that ATF6β-based cell line engineering is a promising strategy to improve the productivity of CHO producer cells by activating an optimally balanced UPR program. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1310-1318. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MANIFESTATION OF NASAL ALLERGY IN OVALBUMIN-SENSITIZED MICE (1996)

We performed general and topical sensitization by ovalbumin in wild type, WBBFI6- +/+ (+/+), mice and mast cell-depleted type, WBBFI6-W/Wv (W/W)v, mice. Although both mice showed almost equal PCA liters, W/Wv mice showed a lower level of antigen-induced eosinophilia, and more significant nasal symptoms and histamine hypersensitivity than +/+ mice. Antigen-induced increased levels of histamine and IL-5 in nasal lavage fluid were noted in +/+ mice. Cyclosporin A pre-treatment inhibited the antigen-induced nasal symptoms, nasal eosinophilia and increased levels of histamine and IL-5 in nasal lavage fluid in the +/+ mice. The PCA titer was not affected by the treatment in either kind of mouse.
Near-infrared electroluminescence of polymer light-emitting diodes doped with a lissamine-sensitized Nd3+ complex (2001)

We report 890 nm luminescence from a neodymium-doped polymer light-emitting diode. The active layer is a blend of poly(dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole), F8BT, and a lissamine-functionalized terphenyl-based neodymium complex. We detect electroluminescence from both the lissamine (580 nm) and the Nd3+ complex (890 nm). By comparison with lissamine-free devices we show that the lissamine is crucial to infrared emission. The neodymium/lissamine luminescence intensity ratio is higher under electrical excitation than under optical excitation, showing that more triplets reach Nd3+ under electrical excitation. High turn-on voltages provide a clear indication for charge trapping onto the lissamine, and we consider direct triplet formation on the lissamine to be competing efficiently with respect to slower Dexter-type triplet transfer from the F8BT to the lissamine.
Call blocking probability and bandwidth utilization of ofdm subcarrier allocation in next-generation wireless networks (2006)

Various studies have devised OFDM subcarrier-allocation schemes in next-generation wireless networks. However, the subcarrier-allocation system performance has seldom been assessed, especially in terms of the call blocking probability (CBP) and bandwidth utilization.(BU). This study proposes a batch-arrival bath-loss queueing model to evaluate the performance or the subcarrier-allocation system,and derives expressions for calculating two important system performance measurements, CBP and BU. Simulation results. indicate that the measures appear to work. The model should be helpful for constructing OFDM based wireless networks.
Direct observation of photon pairs at a single output port of a beam-splitter interferometer (2003)

Quantum theory predicts that two indistinguishable photons incident on a beam-splitter interferometer exit together (the pair emerges randomly from one port or the other). We use a special photon-number-resolving energy detector for a direct observation of this quantum-interference phenomenon. Simultaneous measurements from two such detectors, one at each beam-splitter-interferometer output port, confirm the absence of cross coincidences. Photon-number-resolving detectors are expected to find use in other quantum-optics and quantum-information-processing experiments.
Evaluation of community-based serologic screening for identification of chronic Salmonella Typhi carriers in Vietnam (2006)

Community-based serologic screening is a feasible, but impractical method for identifying chronic Salmonella Typhi carriers. Background levels of anti-Vi antibody titers in this endemic area may be high despite a low prevalence of chronic carriers.
PLASMA GHRELIN LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH SHORT BOWEL SYNDROME (2002)

Ghrelin is a novel peptide hormone which was identified as an endogenous growth hormone secretagogue. It is mainly secreted in the stomach, but important sites of its secretion are other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Ghrelin is thought to be involved not only in regulation of growth hormone secretion but also in regulation of food intake and nutritional status. This study was aimed to investigate the changes in plasma ghrelin levels in patients with short bowel syndrome. Twenty-four patients with malnutrition due to short bowel syndrome and eleven healthy controls were included in the study. They underwent clinical examination and assessment of plasma or serum levels of ghrelin leptin, soluble leptin receptor, IGF-I, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3. Plasma ghrelin levels were decreased in patients with short bowel syndrome (p<0.01). Furthermore, decreased serum levels of IGF-I (p<0.01) and IGFBP-3 (p<0.001) were found in patients with short bowel syndrome. Other laboratory differences between both groups were not significant. No relationship between ghrelin and other determined variables was found. We conclude that plasma ghrelin levels are decreased in the group of patients with short bowel syndrome. It is probably because of a decrease in the tissue mass that is able to secrete ghrelin.
New look for rural health. (1980)

3 years ago steps were taken in the Philippines to totally restructure the health care delivery system of the rural health services. By identifying the independence and the interdependence of the services offered a redefinition of the key roles of the personnel operating the rural health units was undertaken. Changes were introduced in work methods and procedures and in the system of delivering patient care. In an effort to facilitate the patients entry into the health system the midwife became the provider of basic health services at the 1st level. Patients presenting health problems outside the midwifes area of competence are referred to the multidisciplinary and multilevel health care system. In this the public health nurse offers care at the 2nd level and the municipal health officer at the 3rd level but both still operating within the rural health unit. Supervisory effectiveness was increased by establishing a mechanism for monitoring activities developing standards and performance criteria and devising methods for quality control. The expansion of the midwifes role to include the routine management of high priority problems has meant that nurses have had to relinquish some activities which traditionally have been part of the personal and professional identity of nursing and medical practitioners. The primary challenge to the nurses has been in guiding and supporting the midwives as they adapt to their new responsibilities and in proving their own competence in the management and supervision of patient care. Focus for the midwives is on recognizing the signs and symptoms of diseases and the patients response to them.
The Di<i>PP</i>ro Approach: Synthesis, Hydrolysis, and Antiviral Activity of Lipophilic d4T Diphosphate Prodrugs (2014)

Bioreversible protection of the β-phosphate group of nucleoside diphosphates (NDPs) as bis(acyloxybenzyl)phosphate esters is presented. To investigate the structure-activity relationship of these potential NDP prodrugs (DiPPro drugs) a series of DiPPro compounds was synthesized bearing fatty acids of various lengths and d4T as a model nucleoside. For synthesis of the lipophilically modified diphosphate group, preformed phosphoramidites were allowed to react with nucleotides, and the β-P(III) moiety was subsequently oxidized. The chemical and enzymatic stability of these prodrugs was studied in different media such as phosphate buffer (pH 7.3) or CEM cell extracts. In all media, the hydrolysis rate was clearly dependent on the acyl moiety and decreased with increasing alkyl chain length. The compounds showed a markedly lower half-life in cell extracts than in pH 7.3 phosphate buffer due to the presence of enzyme-catalyzed cleavage. In all media, the DiPPro compounds released d4T diphosphate (d4TDP) as the main product beside d4TMP. In antiviral assays, the compounds proved to be at least as potent as d4T against HIV-1 and 2 in wild-type CEM/0 cells. As a proof of concept, compounds with longer acyl residues showed very good anti-HIV activities in thymidine-kinase-deficient cells (CEM/TK(-) ), indicating their ability to penetrate cell membranes and the delivery of phosphorylated metabolites.
Supertubes [carbon nanotubes (2004)

This paper discusses the different characteristics of carbon nanotubes which make them ideal for a number of potential applications ranging from ultrathin, breathable, waterproof fabrics to bright, rugged flat-panel displays for televisions and computer monitors. Carbon nanotubes can be far stronger than steel, lighter than aluminum and more conductive than copper. The electrical properties of carbon nanotubes are so attractive that researchers are already eyeing them as replacements for silicon circuits and are being considered as a most promising technology that may someday pick up where conventional CMOS devices lead off. As the dimensions of silicon CMOS transistors continue to shrink well into the next decade, problems resulting from increasing power dissipation, leakage currents, and variations in device parameters will continue to rise. If all goes well, carbon nanotube electronics will be poised to take over before the problems encountered by the continual downscaling of silicon CMOS dimensions become insurmountable.
Hemodynamic responses to changes in carotid sinus pressure after endotoxin and ibuprofen. (1993)

The hemodynamic responses to changes in carotid sinus pressure (CSP) were evaluated in nine pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs during control, endotoxin-treatment, and ibuprofen (after endotoxin) treatment periods. Both carotid sinuses were isolated and perfused at varying pressures with oxygenated blood in the vagotomized animal. Alterations in carotid sinus pressure and the resultant responses were measured at 15-min intervals during a 30-min control period, for 60 min after 1 mg/kg endotoxin, and for 60 min after 10 mg/kg ibuprofen given after endotoxin. The results showed a reduction in calculated gain for mean arterial pressure (MAP) (change in arterial pressure/change in CSP), heart rate, and peripheral resistance (TPR) after endotoxin, without a corresponding reduction in cardiac output (CO) gain. These gain changes were accompanied by a decrease in absolute MAP, CO, and TPR. An indicator for cardiac performance gain also increased. Relatively, arterial pressure was partially maintained by an increase in CO despite a loss in ability to vasoconstrict. Ibuprofen failed to correct the MAP gain, and only partially restored MAP, but shifted a greater relative response to peripheral resistance. To test if TPR would also decrease if the decrease in CO was prevented, three additional animals were studied with a pump in series with the heart to maintain CO; TPR again dropped after endotoxin. The results indicate a loss of peripheral arterial tone after endotoxin, partially restored by ibuprofen. The CO response indicates a peripheral vascular failure rather than a central or carotid sinus failure mechanism.
Pharmacotherapy for performance anxiety disorders: Occasionally useful but typically contraindicated (2004)

Abstract Pharmacotherapy is an effective part of treatment for most anxiety disorders, but not for specific phobia or performance anxiety. In them it is contraindicated, because it interferes with the effectiveness of exposure therapies and the extinction of fear responses. Interference with exposure–extinction is a drug side effect that should rarely if ever be tolerated in treating them. This article reviews the many indications for pharmacotherapy in treating most anxiety disorders and contrasts its usefulness in treatment of anxiety disorders with its relatively rare usefulness in treating specific phobias and performance anxiety. In both the latter disorders, benzodiazepines interfere with exposure and generally are best avoided, although temporary use, with safeguards, can sometimes be helpful for a specific phobia. The recent discovery that d ‐cycloserine (DCS) facilitates exposure and the extinction of anxiety offers promise that it could in the future be usefully and broadly employed to catalyze and enhance exposure therapies. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol/In Session.
Effectiveness of the use of Translation Method in Teaching English to the Pupils of Class – X (2012)

Teaching of English as a second Language is a burning problem for all the teachers of vernacular medium school world wide from time immemorial. The acquisition of four foundation skills i.e. Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing by the pupils should be considered the most important object of teaching English in India as a second Language at the secondary level. If the pupil’s power of speaking in his mother tongue is properly develop, his power of speaking in English will be improved. Because when he begins to speaking English he will do so in the light of the experience gained in speaking the vernacular Translation Method is the Method in which a foreign language is taught through the medium of mother tongue. Here teaching through the mother tongue. So, this paper tries to find the effectiveness of the use of Translation method in teaching English to the pupil of class X. ABSTRACT
Fatal Work-Related Injuries in the Agriculture Production Sector Among Youth in the United States, 1992–2002 (2006)

Youth working on farms face unique risks that are not present for many other young workers, including machinery, large animals, electrical hazards, chemical hazards and excessive noise. This research identified the number and rate of occupational fatalities for youth working in the agriculture production industry, which is most closely affiliated with farming, for the years 1992-2002. The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI), developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), was the database used for the analysis. There were 310 work-related deaths to youth less than 20 years of age from 1992 through 2002 in the agriculture production sector. This compares to 1,958 total fatalities for all workers less than 20 years of age for the same time period. The number of agricultural production fatalities to youth has shown a general downward trend over this time period. The rates were higher for young workers in agriculture production than for young workers in all industries by a factor of 3.6. Fifteen year olds had the highest fatality rates with the crop production sector having a rate six times that of all 15 year old workers. The objective of this descriptive research was to identify, prioritize and publicize the risks to children and youth who work on farms in order to provide public health and safety professionals relevant information upon which to base decisions for interventions or other prevention activities for this priority population. This research also has direct applications for farm parents and safety and health professionals who work with the priority population of young agricultural workers.
Genja-a new proposal for parameterised types in Java (2002)

Recent proposals for adding parameterised types to Java have left a number of important practical issues undiscussed. We present the language Genja which is a novel generic extension of Java oriented towards practical support for generic collection types. We discuss design alternatives related to extending the power of unconstrained genericity, solving the weaknesses of constrained genericity in other proposals and defining the compatibility of named and anonymous instantiations. By enhancing support for reusability and providing a higher level style of programming via a library of standard generic collection types, Genja aims to extend Java's contribution to efficient software production.
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetically heterogeneous disease. (1990)

We demonstrate that familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC), an autosomal dominant disorder of heart muscle, is a genetically heterogeneous disease. The locus responsible for FHC in members of one large kindred was recently mapped to chromosome 14q11-12 (FHC-1). We have characterized three additional unrelated families in which the gene for FHC segregates as an autosomal dominant trait to determine if these disease loci also map to FHC-1. All family members were clinically studied by physical examination, electrocardiogram, and two-dimensional echocardiography. Genetic studies were performed using DNA probes which are derived from loci that are closely linked to FHC-1. In one family the genetic defect maps to the previously identified FHC-1 locus. However, the loci responsible for FHC in two other families were not linked to FHC-1. We conclude that FHC can be caused by defects in at least two loci and is a genetically heterogeneous disorder.
A 1.25Gb/s half-rate clock and data recovery circuit (2005)

This paper presents a clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit with a new half-rate phase detector. The half-rate CDR circuit senses the input random data at full rate but employs a VCO running at a half frequency of the input data. At the locked condition, the circuit will generate two 625-Mb/s output sequences. The new half-rate phase detector applicable to the 1.25-Gb/s NRZ data stream is adopted to reduce the dead zone in phase characteristic. The CDR circuit is fabricated using the 0.35/spl mu/m CMOS technology and occupies 1800/spl mu/m/spl times/1800/spl mu/m chip area. Total power consumption of the chip is 54.8 mW under a 3-V supply voltage.