gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Architecture and Function of the SEA Complex, a Modulator of the TORC1 Pathway (2014)

The TORC1 signaling pathway plays a major role in the control of cell growth and response to stress. Here we demonstrate that the SEA complex physically interacts with TORC1 and is an important regulator of its activity. During nitrogen starvation, deletions of SEA complex components lead to Tor1 kinase delocalization, defects in autophagy, and vacuolar fragmentation. TORC1 inactivation, via nitrogen deprivation or rapamycin treatment, changes cellular levels of SEA complex members. We used affinity purification and chemical cross-linking to generate the data for an integrative structure modeling approach, which produced a well-defined molecular architecture of the SEA complex and showed that the SEA complex comprises two regions that are structurally and functionally distinct. The SEA complex emerges as a platform that can coordinate both structural and enzymatic activities necessary for the effective functioning of the TORC1 pathway.
Self-induced redox cycling coupled luminescence on nanopore recessed disk-multiscale bipolar electrodes (2015)

We present a new configuration for coupling fluorescence microscopy and voltammetry using self-induced redox cycling for ultrasensitive electrochemical measurements. An array of nanopores, each supporting a recessed disk electrode separated by 100 nm in depth from a planar multiscale bipolar top electrode, was fabricated using multilayer deposition, nanosphere lithography, and reactive-ion etching. Self-induced redox cycling was induced on the disk electrode producing ∼30× current amplification, which was independently confirmed by measuring induced electrogenerated chemiluminescence from Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub><sup>2/3+</sup>/tri-<i>n</i>-propylamine on the floating bipolar electrode. In this design, redox cycling occurs between the recessed disk and the top planar portion of a macroscopic thin film bipolar electrode in each nanopore. Electron transfer also occurs on a remote (mm-distance) portion of the planar bipolar electrode to maintain electroneutrality. This couples the electrochemical reactions of the target redox pair in the nanopore array with a reporter, such as a potential-switchable fluorescent indicator, in the cell at the distal end of the bipolar electrode. Oxidation or reduction of reversible analytes on the disk electrodes were accompanied by reduction or oxidation, respectively, on the nanopore portion of the bipolar electrode and then monitored by the accompanying oxidation of dihydroresorufin or reduction of resorufin at the remote end of the bipolar electrode, respectively. In both cases, changes in fluorescence intensity were triggered by the reaction of the target couple on the disk electrode, while recovery was largely governed by diffusion of the fluorescent indicator. Reduction of 1 nM of Ru(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub><sup>3+</sup> on the nanoelectrode array was detected by monitoring the fluorescence intensity of resorufin, demonstrating high sensitivity fluorescence-mediated electrochemical sensing coupled to self-induced redox cycling.
A Novel Single-Stage High-Power-Factor Electronic Ballast with Symmetrical Half-Bridge Topology (2006)

This paper proposes a novel single-stage high-power-factor electronic ballast with symmetrical half-bridge topology for fluorescent lamps. The proposed electronic ballast only uses a symmetrical half-bridge topology to procure the functions of a boost power-factor-correction converter and a half-bridge series parallel-loaded inverter. In spite of its simplicity, an excellent performance concerning load and supply is achieved, ensuring a sinusoidal and in phase supply current. The conventional electronic ballast circuit has larger conduction losses because its power factor correction (PFC) power flow path circuit always includes two diode losses from the front-end bridge rectifier and one power switch loss. The PFC power flow path of the proposed circuit has only two conduction drops in the current flow paths. Therefore, it can provide lower conduction loss than the conventional one. The design equations are derived from the analyzed results based on fundamental approximation, and then an easy-to-use design tool is provided accordingly under considerations of filament heating and ignition. A prototype circuit designed for one 40-W fluorescent lamps operating at 40-kHz switching frequency and 110-V line voltage is built and tested to verify the analytical predictions
Characterization of IMI-1 beta-lactamase, a class A carbapenem-hydrolyzing enzyme from Enterobacter cloacae (1996)

In 1984, a year prior to the U.S. approval of imipenem for clinical use, a wound isolate and a bile isolate of Enterobacter cloacae were obtained from two patients in a California hospital. These isolates were resistant to imipenem, penicillins, and inhibitor combinations; early cephalosporins such as cephalothin, cefamandole, and cefoxitin; and cefoperazone. However, they were susceptible (MICs, < 4 micrograms/ml) to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and moxalactam. Both strains produced an apparent TEM-1 beta-lactamase; an inducible NmcA-type imipenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase, IMI-1, with a pl of 7.05; and an inducible beta-lactamase with a pI of 8.1, typical of an E. cloacae AmpC beta-lactamase. Purified IMI-1 hydrolyzed imipenem and benzylpenicillin at modest rates, but more slowly than cephaloridine. The enzyme was inhibited by clavulanic acid and tazobactam. EDTA did not inhibit the cephaloridine-hydrolyzing activity. The beta-lactamase gene encoding IMI-1, imiA1, was cloned from E. cloacae 1413B. Sequence analysis identified the imiA1 gene as encoding a class A serine beta-lactamase. Both the imiA1 DNA and encoded amino acid sequences shared greater than 95% identity with the NmcA gene and its encoded protein. DNA sequence analysis also identified a gene upstream of imiA1 that shares > 95% identity with nmcR and that may encode a regulatory protein. In conclusion, IMI-1, a carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase inhibited by clavulanic acid, was identified as a group 2f, class A, carbapenem-hydrolyzing cephalosporinase.
Investigation of Strip Seal Leakage With Special Focus on Seal Groove Design and Relative Displacement of Sealing Surfaces (2017)

Tight sealing lines are vital in large gas turbines (GT) to achieve high performance and efficiency. Leakage including rim purge air can sum up to 30% of the total cooling and leakage air consumption of a gas turbine. Leakage through static strip seals contributes about 1/3 to all leakage air. Considering the seal design as on drawings, sealing quality is generally influenced by the seal type, sealing groove curvature and the sealing groove roughness. In addition the sealing quality depends strongly on the geometric deviation of the groove compared to ideal design. This is caused by manufacturing deviations or relative movements of the grooves during operation of the parts containing the sealing. In the article at hand, different seal designs and pertinent sealing quality is discussed. More in detail, it is discussed the geometric relation of seal, groove and misalignment to predict the seal position relative to its groove confinements. The risk of seal clamping can be judged and adaptation of seal or groove geometry can be derived. The effect of leakage increase due to misalignment is investigated by a test matrix varying seal length and curvature radius of groove as well as radial misalignment.
Automatic Noise Gate Settings for Drum Recordings Containing Bleed from Secondary Sources (2011)

An algorithm is presented which automatically sets the attack, release, threshold, and hold parameters of a noise gate applied to drum recordings which contain bleed from secondary sources. The gain parameter which controls the amount of attenuation applied when the gate is closed is retained, to allow the user to control the strength of the gate. The gate settings are found by minimising the artifacts introduced to the desirable component of the signal, whilst ensuring that the level of bleed is reduced by a certain amount. The algorithm is tested on kick drum recordings which contain bleed from hi-hats, snare drum, cymbals, and tom toms.
Decentralized fuzzy control of multiple nonholonomic vehicles (1998)

This work considers the problem of controlling multiple nonholonomic vehicles so that they converge to a scent source without colliding with each other. Since the control is to be implemented on a simple 8-bit microcontroller, fuzzy control rules are used to simplify a linear quadratic regulator control design. The inputs to the fuzzy controllers for each vehicle are the noisy direction to the source, the distance to the closest neighbor vehicle, and the direction to the closest vehicle. These directions are discretized into four values: forward, behind, left, and right; and the distance into three values: near, far, and gone. The values of the control at these discrete values are obtained based on the collision-avoidance repulsive forces and an attractive force towards the goal. A fuzzy inference system is used to obtain control values for inputs between the small number of discrete input values. Simulation results are provided which demonstrate that the fuzzy control law performs well compared to the exact controller. In fact, the fuzzy controller demonstrates improved robustness to noise.
Liver ergothioneine accumulation in a guinea pig model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A possible mechanism of defence? (2015)

L-ergothioneine (ET), a putative antioxidant compound acquired by animals through dietary sources, has been suggested to accumulate in certain cells and tissues in the body that are predisposed to high oxidative stress. In the present study, we identified an elevation of ET in the liver of a guinea pig model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), elucidated a possible mechanism for the increased uptake and investigated the possible role for this accumulation. This increase in liver ET levels correlated with cholesterol accumulation and disease severity. We identified an increase in the transcriptional factor, RUNX1, which has been shown to upregulate the expression of the ET-specific transporter OCTN1, and could consequently lead to the observable elevation in ET. An increase was also seen in heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) which seemingly corresponds to ET elevation. No significant increase was observed in oxidative damage markers, F2-isoprostanes, and protein carbonyls, which could possibly be attributed to the increase in liver ET through direct antioxidant action, induction of HSP70, or by chelation of Fe(2+), preventing redox chemistry. The data suggest a novel mechanism by which the guinea pig fatty liver accumulates ET via upregulation of its transporter, as a possible stress response by the damaged liver to further suppress oxidative damage and delay tissue injury. Similar events may happen in other animal models of disease, and researchers should be aware of the possibility.
Preservation of Pancreatic β-Cell Function and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes by Pharmacological Treatment of Insulin Resistance in High-Risk Hispanic Women (2002)

Type 2 diabetes frequently results from progressive failure of pancreatic beta-cell function in the presence of chronic insulin resistance. We tested whether chronic amelioration of insulin resistance would preserve pancreatic beta-cell function and delay or prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes in high-risk Hispanic women. Women with previous gestational diabetes were randomized to placebo (n = 133) or the insulin-sensitizing drug troglitazone (400 mg/day; n = 133) administered in double-blind fashion. Fasting plasma glucose was measured every 3 months, and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were performed annually to detect diabetes. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs) were performed at baseline and 3 months later to identify early metabolic changes associated with any protection from diabetes. Women who did not develop diabetes during the trial returned for OGTTs and IVGTTs 8 months after study medications were stopped. During a median follow-up of 30 months on blinded medication, average annual diabetes incidence rates in the 236 women who returned for at least one follow-up visit were 12.1 and 5.4% in women assigned to placebo and troglitazone, respectively (P < 0.01). Protection from diabetes in the troglitazone group 1) was closely related to the degree of reduction in endogenous insulin requirements 3 months after randomization, 2) persisted 8 months after study medications were stopped, and 3) was associated with preservation of beta-cell compensation for insulin resistance. Treatment with troglitazone delayed or prevented the onset of type 2 diabetes in high-risk Hispanic women. The protective effect was associated with the preservation of pancreatic beta-cell function and appeared to be mediated by a reduction in the secretory demands placed on beta-cells by chronic insulin resistance.
ICCD: Interactive Continuous Collision Detection between Deformable Models Using Connectivity-Based Culling (2009)

We present an interactive algorithm for continuous collision detection between deformable models. We introduce multiple techniques to improve the culling efficiency and the overall performance of continuous collision detection. First, we present a novel formulation for continuous normal cones and use these normal cones to efficiently cull large regions of the mesh as part of self-collision tests. Second, we introduce the concept of "procedural representative triangles" to remove all redundant elementary tests between nonadjacent triangles. Finally, we exploit the mesh connectivity and introduce the concept of "orphan sets" to eliminate redundant elementary tests between adjacent triangle primitives. In practice, we can reduce the number of elementary tests by two orders of magnitude. These culling techniques have been combined with bounding volume hierarchies and can result in one order of magnitude performance improvement as compared to prior collision detection algorithms for deformable models. We highlight the performance of our algorithm on several benchmarks, including cloth simulations, N-body simulations, and breaking objects.
Thermal limits in reflow soldering process (2004)

One of critical stage of surface assembly process is the thermal process that determines the phase changing of junction material (the solder paste or conductive adhesive). The equipment that does this treatment can transfer heat to assembly by convection, infrared radiation, or both. Each ones the dominant heat transfer inside the reflow oven, for some components (component’s manufacturer do it) in the last thermal zone (soldering zone), exist a maximum time and temperature to he not exceed. On the other hand, it exists a minimal product time-temperature to realize quality-soldering joints (from assembler point of view). To drive the process between these limits, some parameters of assembly must be previously evaluated. The assembly’s parameters tacking into account are the PCB thickness, the copper surface percentage, the vias density, the component density, the maximum thermal mass difference, and the light surface percentage. The goal of this paper is to emphasis the preliminary feedback that the assembler offers to improve quality designer purposes.
THE PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF NONWOVEN FABRICS (1973)

(1973). THE PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF NONWOVEN FABRICS. Textile Progress: Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 1-86.
Polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of a fragment of the ribosomal operon from Rochalimaea species for subtyping (1993)

Restriction endonuclease analysis of a polymerase chain reaction-amplified DNA fragment which included the spacer region between the genes coding for 16S and 23S rRNAs and a portion of the gene coding for 23S rRNA (spacer + 23S) was done on 10 previously characterized clinical isolates of Rochalimaea henselae, one clinical isolate of Rochalimaea quintana, and the type strains of R. henselae, R. quintana, Rochalimaea vinsonii, and Bartonella bacilliformis. Brucella abortus DNA was not amplified by the primer set used. The clinical isolates of Rochalimaea were obtained from blood or tissue from patients with and without preexisting disease. The amplicon from each strain was digested with five endonucleases (AluI, HaeIII, TaqI, HinfI, and MseI). AluI and HaeIII were useful in species differentiation and subtyping of R. henselae. R. henselae isolates showed six different restriction patterns with AluI and four patterns with HaeIII. TaqI, HinfI, and MseI were useful only in species differentiation. These observations indicate that PCR amplification of the spacer + 23S region of the ribosomal DNA of Rochalimaea spp., along with restriction endonuclease analysis, allows differentiation of Rochalimaea spp. from closely related genera, differentiation among the species within Rochalimaea, and differentiation of strains within R. henselae. The subtyping potential of this method may be useful for further clinical and epidemiologic studies of the spectrum of diseases caused by R. henselae.
A Simple Approach to the Synthesis of the Chiral Substituted Chroman Ring of Calophyllum Coumarins (1995)

A stereoselective synthesis of the chiral 2,3-dimethylchroman-4-ol ring of the calophyllum coumarins is described. The chiral centers at C-3 and C-4 (chroman numbering) were introduced using (Z)-crotyldiisopinocampheylborane, and the chiral center at C-2 was introduced via mercury-assisted cyclization and demercuration, giving the required trans, trans-Me-Me-OH substituted chroman (benzo[b]pyran) ring.
The Ninth International Workshop on Seismic Anisotropy (9IWSA) (2001)

The ninth International Workshop on Seismic Anisotropy (91WSA) was held on March 26–31, 2000, at Camp Allen Conference Center, about 20 miles from Houston, Texas. The 91WSA organization committee is listed above and was chaired by Leon Thomsen. Below are the abstracts of the 58 papers presented at 91WSA. Please see http://www.seg.org/9iwsa for expanded abstracts and proceedings of 91WSA.
Differential Ability of Selected Postural-Control Measures in the Prediction of Chronic Ankle Instability Status (2011)

No single force-plate measure was very effective in predicting if an individual had CAl or not.
Intermediate phase evolution in YBCO thin films grown by the TFA process (2009)

The YBCO thin film growth process from TFA precursors involves a complex reaction path which includes several oxide, fluoride and oxyfluoride intermediate phases, and the final microstructure and properties of the films are strongly influenced by the morphological and chemical evolution of these intermediate phases. In this work we present a study of the evolution of the intermediate phases involved in the TFA YBCO growth process under normal pressure conditions and we show that the oxygen partial pressure during pyrolysis of the TFA precursors is an important parameter. The Cu phase after the TFA pyrolysis can be either CuO, Cu2O or a mixture of both as the oxygen partial pressure is modified. The kinetics evolution of the intermediate phases has been determined for films pyrolysed in oxygen and nitrogen atmospheres and it is concluded that non-equilibrium phase transformations influence the reaction path towards epitaxial YBCO films and its microstructure. The intermediate phase evolution in these two series of films is summarized in kinetic phase diagrams.
A 90-Day Subchronic Toxicity Study of Submerged Mycelial Culture of Cordyceps cicadae (Ascomycetes) in Rats (2015)

Cordyceps cicadae is a parasitic fungus that hibernates inside a host (Cicada flammata Dist.) and then grows its fruiting body on the surface of the insect. The complete insect/fungus combination of C. cicadae has been widely applied in Chinese traditional medicine. Recent studies have demonstrated that the medicinal benefits of cultured mycelia are as effective as those found in the wild. However, toxicological information regarding the chronic consumption of C. cicadae mycelia culture is not available. This study was conducted to evaluate the possible toxicity arising from repeated exposure to freeze-dried submerged mycelial culture of C. cicadae for 90 days. A total of eighty 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups (10 males and 10 females in each group). C. cicadae was administered daily to animals by gavage at doses of 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg body weight for 90 days. No animal deaths occurred and no treatment-related clinical signs were observed during the study period. No statistical differences in body weight gain, relative organ weight, hematology, serum chemistry, and urinalysis were observed. Gross necropsy and histopathological findings indicated that there was no treatment-related abnormality. Based on the results, the no observed adverse effect level of C. cicadae whole broth is determined to be > 2000 mg/kg for male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. The results of this study provides support for the use of C. cicadae fermentation product as a safe agent in functional food.
Portal image registration using the phase correlation method (2013)

The precise patient positioning is a very important step in radiotherapy. The positioning of the patient for treatment with a LINAC is usually performed by aligning a radiograph to a reference image and the obtained alignment parameters are used to move the patient to the required position. To automate the positioning process, a fast and accurate image registration technique is usually required. In this work we investigate the performance of the phase correlation method (PCM) as a registration tool for Electronic Portal Imaging Device (EPID) images. We propose the usage of the PCM method for fast and accurate rigid registration of misaligned EPID images. To illustrate the concept, EPID images are obtained on a Siemens PRIMUS Linear Accelerator by irradiating two different phantoms - a standardised contrast and spatial resolution phantom (”Las Vegas“ phantom) and a realistic phantom of a human pelvis area. Each of the phantoms is placed at the patient table and several images at different table positions are acquired. The position of the table at each image acquisition provides information about the true displacements between the obtained images with a millimeter-level precision. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the PCM registration, the obtained translational parameters using the method are compared with the true displacements known from the table positions. The obtained results show that the method provides very accurate shift estimation with a millimeter-level precision. The method can find potential applications in the calibration and quality assurance procedures of this type of linear accelerator systems. The authors anticipate that the PCM can find application for patient positioning not only by registration of EPID images, but with images from other projection-based imaging modalities as well.
A Portable Electronic Device for Evaluating Root Lodging Resistance in Maize (1995)

Abstract Because climatic conditions conducive to natural lodging of maize ( Zea mays L.) are sporadic and unreliable, a need exists for methods of evaluating the resistance of genotypes to root lodging. A portable electronic device was built for horizontal pushing resistance measurements on individual plants. The apparatus simultaneously records the angle of inclination and the resistance torque of the plant during an artificial pushing test. The device consists of a support, a force sensor, an angle sensor, and a control head. Data logging is possible by using a microprocessor‐based system. Data may be transferred to a computer using an RS232 serial transfer protocol. The time required for the test in field conditions is approximately 1 min per plant. Preliminary results obtained on 14 maize genotypes grown in three field environments showed that genotypes susceptible to root lodging were characterized by low average values of their maximum resistance torque.