gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Unsaturated .alpha.-Amino Acids Using Serine-Derived Zinc/Copper Reagents (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Unsaturated .alpha.-Amino Acids Using Serine-Derived Zinc/Copper ReagentsMichael J. Dunn, Richard F. W. Jackson, Joerg Pietruszka, and Debra TurnerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 7, 2210–2215Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00112a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00112a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1424Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
High-temperature desulfurization with copper-containing sorbents (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-temperature desulfurization with copper-containing sorbentsTakashi Kyotani, Hiroyuki Kawashima, and Akira TomitaCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1989, 23, 2, 218–223Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00179a014https://doi.org/10.1021/es00179a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ALL-1 gene at chromosome 11q23 is consistently altered in acute leukemia of early infancy (1993)

Abstract Early infancy (< 1 year of age), massive tumor cell burden, and extremely poor prognosis are characteristic features of a particular subset of childhood acute leukemias (AL). In these cases, chromosome aberrations at the 11q23 band are the most frequently reported cytogenetic abnormalities. We have recently cloned a genetic locus named ALL-1, in which DNA breakpoints are clustered in leukemic patients with 11q23 aberrations. Analysis of the ALL-1 genomic configuration in DNA from 15 infants with AL showed specific ALL-1 rearrangements in 12 cases (80%), including 5 with normal karyotypes. These findings indicate that a consistent genetic defect underlies this particular leukemic subset.
Properties of organic–inorganic composite materials prepared from acrylic resin emulsions and colloidal silicas (2006)

Abstract To design an organic–inorganic composite material with colloidal silica as the inorganic component, an acrylic resin emulsion and an organic silane hybridized acrylic resin emulsion were prepared by emulsion polymerization. The organic–inorganic composite films were prepared by blending the emulsion and the colloidal silica. The contact angles for water, gloss at 60°, and the transparencies of those films were measured. The dispersion state of colloidal silica in films was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM). From these results, the contact angle for water of the organic–inorganic composite film obtained from the silane hybridized acrylic resin emulsion was lower than that of the organic–inorganic composite film obtained from an acrylic resin emulsion. The contact angles for water in organic–inorganic composite films with colloidal silicas were lower than those of the films without the colloidal silicas. The films prepared from silane hybridized acrylic resin emulsion composites with colloidal silicas of less than 100 nm were more hydrophilic. SEM and TEM observations demonstrated that some aggregations of the small colloidal particle silica were densely dispersed on the film surface. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 2051–2056, 2006
Position Identification in Force-Guided Robotic Peg-in-Hole Assembly Tasks (2014)

Position uncertainty is inevitable in many force-guided robotic assembly tasks. Such uncertainty can cause a significant delay, extra energy expenditure, and may even results in detriments to the mated parts or the robot itself. This article suggests a strategy for identifying the accurate hole position in force-guided robotic peg-in-hole assembly tasks through employing only the captured wrench (the Cartesian forces and torques) signals of the manipulated. In the framework of using the Contact-State (CS) modeling for such robotic tasks, the identification of the hole position is realized through detecting the CS that corresponds for the phase of the peg-on-hole, that is the phase in which the peg is located precisely on the hole. Expectation Maximization-based Gaussian Mixtures Model (EM-GMM) CS modeling scheme is employed in detecting the CS corresponding for the peg-on-hole phase. Only the wrench signals are used in modeling and detecting the phases of the assembly process. The considered peg-in-hole assembly process starts from free space and as soon as the peg touches the environment with missing the hole, a spiral search path is followed that would survey the whole environment surface. When the CS of the peg-on-hole is detected, the hole position is identified. Experiments are conducted on a KUKA Lightweight Robot (LWR) doing typical peg-in-hole assembly tasks. Multiple hole positions are considered and excellent performance of the proposed identification strategy is shown.
The clinical use of bone resorption markers in patients with malignant bone disease (2002)

To the author's knowledge markers of bone resorption have not yet been recommended for routine clinical use. However, further research is needed to define their potential role in the diagnosis of bone metastases, the assessment of disease progression and response to bisphosphonate therapy, and predict the rate of bone loss and the potential for fracture. Suppression of bone resorption markers in response to bisphosphonate therapy appears to correlate with clinical outcome in patients with both osteolytic and blastic bone lesions; therefore, the goal of bisphosphonate therapy should be to suppress markers of bone resorption.
The Murine Chemokine CXCL11 (IFN-Inducible T Cell α Chemoattractant) Is an IFN-γ- and Lipopolysaccharide- Inducible Glucocorticoid-Attenuated Response Gene Expressed in Lung and Other Tissues During Endotoxemia (2000)

A new murine chemokine was identified in a search for glucocorticoid-attenuated response genes induced in the lung during endotoxemia. The first 73 residues of the predicted mature peptide are 71% identical and 93% similar to human CXCL11/IFN-inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC) (alias beta-R1, H174, IFN-inducible protein 9 (IP-9), and SCYB9B). The murine chemokine has six additional residues at the carboxyl terminus not present in human I-TAC. Identification of this cDNA as murine CXCL11/I-TAC is supported by phylogenetic analysis and by radiation hybrid mapping of murine I-TAC (gene symbol Scyb11) to mouse chromosome 5 close to the genes for monokine induced by IFN-gamma (MIG) and IP10. Murine I-TAC mRNA is induced in RAW 264.7 macrophages by IFN-gamma or LPS and is weakly induced by IFN-alphabeta. IFN-gamma induction of murine I-TAC is markedly enhanced by costimulation with LPS or IL-1beta in RAW cells and by TNF-alpha in both RAW cells and Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. Murine I-TAC is induced in multiple tissues during endoxemia, with strongest expression in lung, heart, small intestine, and kidney, a pattern of tissue expression different from those of MIG and IP10. Peak expression of I-TAC message is delayed compared with IP10, both in lung after i.v. LPS and in RAW 264.7 cells treated with LPS or with IFN-gamma. Pretreatment with dexamethasone strongly attenuates both IFN-gamma-induced I-TAC expression in RAW cells and endotoxemia-induced I-TAC expression in lung and small intestine. The structural and regulatory similarities of murine and human I-TAC suggest that mouse models will be useful for investigating the role of this chemokine in human biology and disease.
Use of cryo‐techniques with scanning electron microscopy to study infection of mature red raspberry fruits by <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> (1989)

SUMMARY Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the infection of the mesocarp cells of ripe drupelets of the compound fruit of red raspberry ( Rubus idaeus L.) by Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr. 24 h after the fruit had been wounded and inoculated with dry conidia. Frozen fully hydrated specimens showed that conidia had germinated in juice at the point of inoculation and in partially freeze‐dried specimens hyphae were visible in some cells. However, structural detail was largely obscured by ice segregation zones in the closely packed large columnar, poyhedral cells of the fruit. These artifacts were removed in specimens which had been cryotrimmed and fully freeze‐dried. In such specimens there were four distinct zones around the inoculation wound. Intercellular and intracellular hyphae were visible in the innermost area (zone 1); the walls of some infected cells were swollen, eroded and porous. In zone 2, an area of cells immediately beyond the hyphae, little structure was retained but in zone 3 cell walls were well preserved and showed lamellar or reticulate material in the intercellular spaces. The outer zone (zone 4) consisted of apparently healthy cells.
Supervised Dimension Reduction Using Bayesian Mixture Modeling (2010)

We develop a Bayesian framework for supervised dimension reduction using a flexible nonparametric Bayesian mixture modeling approach. Our method retrieves the dimension reduction or d.r. subspace by utilizing a dependent Dirichlet process that allows for natural clustering for the data in terms of both the response and predictor variables. Formal probabilistic models with likelihoods and priors are given and efficient posterior sampling of the d.r. subspace can be obtained by a Gibbs sampler. As the posterior draws are linear subspaces which are points on a Grassmann manifold, we output the posterior mean d.r. subspace with respect to geodesics on the Grassmannian. The utility of our approach is illustrated on a set of simulated and real examples. Some Key Words: supervised dimension reduction, inverse regression, Dirichlet process, factor
Immunologic mast cell-mediated responses and histamine release are attenuated by heparin (1992)

Heparin has been shown to act as a competitive inhibitor of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (InsP3) receptors in various cell types. Because InsP3 is one of the second messengers involved in stimulus-secretion coupling in mast cells, it is possible that heparin may inhibit mast cell-mediated reactions. Therefore, in allergic sheep, we tested this hypothesis in two mast cell-mediated reactions induced by immunologic and nonimmunologic stimuli: immediate cutaneous reaction (ICR) and acute bronchoconstrictor response (ABR). In 12 sheep allergic to Ascaris suum antigen, the surface area of the skin wheal was determined 20 min after intradermal injection (0.05 ml) of increasing concentrations of specific antigen, compound 48/80, and histamine, without and after pretreatment with heparin (100, 300, or 1,000 U/kg i.v.). Antigen, compound 48/80, and histamine produced concentration-dependent increases in ICR. Heparin "partially" inhibited the ICR to antigen and compound 48/80 in a dose-dependent manner without modifying the ICR to histamine. The heparin preservative benzyl alcohol was ineffective. In 11 additional sheep, specific lung resistance was measured before and after inhalation challenges with antigen, compound 48/80, and histamine without and with aerosol heparin pretreatment (1,000 U/kg). Heparin blocked the antigen- and compound 48/80-induced bronchoconstriction without modifying the airway effects of histamine. In isolated human uterine mast cells, heparin inhibited the anti-immunoglobulin E- but not the calcium ionophore- (A23187) induced histamine release. These data suggest that heparin inhibits the ICR and ABR induced by stimuli that produce immunologic and nonimmunologic mast cell degranulation without attenuating the effects of histamine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Infection of Primary Neurons Mediated by Nipah Virus Envelope Proteins: Role of Host Target Cells in Antiviral Action (2011)

We have previously described heterotypic peptides from parainfluenza virus that potently inhibit Nipah virus in vitro but are not efficacious in vivo. In contrast, our second-generation inhibitors, featuring a cholesterol moiety, are also efficacious in vivo. The difference between in vitro and in vivo results led us to investigate the basis for this discrepancy. Here, we compare the activities of the compounds in standard laboratory cells and in cells relevant to the natural tropism of Nipah virus, i.e., primary neurons, and show that while our first-generation inhibitors are poorly active in primary neurons, the cholesterol-conjugated compounds are highly potent. These results highlight the advantage of evaluating antiviral potency in cells relevant to natural host target tissue.
Laser-Induced Graphene Layers and Electrodes Prevents Microbial Fouling and Exerts Antimicrobial Action (2017)

Prevention of fouling on surfaces is a major challenge that broadly impacts society. Water treatment technologies, hospital infrastructure, and seawater pipes exemplify surfaces that are susceptible to biofouling. Here we show that laser-induced graphene (LIG) printed on a polyimide film by irradiation with a CO<sub>2</sub> infrared laser under ambient conditions is extremely biofilm resistant while as an electrode is strongly antibacterial. We investigated the antibacterial activity of the LIG surface using LIG powder in suspension or deposited on surfaces, and its activity depended on the particle size and oxygen content. Remarkably, the antimicrobial effects of the surface were greatly amplified when voltages in the range of 1.1-2.5 were applied in an electrode configuration in bacterial solutions. The bactericidal mechanism was directly observed using microscopy and fast photography, which showed a rapid bacterial movement toward the LIG surface and subsequent bacterial killing. In addition, electrochemical generation of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was observed; however, the bacterial killing mechanism depended strongly on the physical and electrical contact of the bacterial cells to the surfaces. The anti-biofilm activity of the LIG surfaces and electrodes could lead to efficient protection of surfaces that are susceptible to biofouling in environmental applications by incorporating LIG onto the surfaces.
Controlled Synthesis of Compositionally Tunable Ternary PbSe<sub><i>x</i></sub>S<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>as Well as Binary PbSe and PbS Nanowires (2012)

High-quality compositionally tunable ternary PbSe(x)S(1-x) (x = 0.23, 0.39, 0.49, 0.68, and 0.90) nanowires (NWs) and their binary analogues have been grown using solution-liquid-solid growth with lead(II) diethyldithiocarbamate, Pb(S(2)CNEt(2))(2), and lead(II) imido(bis(selenodiisopropylphosphinate)), Pb((SeP(i)Pr(2))(2)N)(2), as single-source precursors. The alloyed nature of PbSe(x)S(1-x) wires was confirmed using ensemble X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). Single NW EDXS line scans taken along the length of individual wires show no compositional gradients. NW compositions were independently confirmed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Slight stoichiometric deviations occur but never exceed 13.3% of the expected composition, based on the amount of introduced precursor. In all cases, resulting nanowires have been characterized using transmission electron microscopy. Mean diameters are between 9 and 15 nm with accompanying lengths that range from 4 to 10 μm. Associated selected area electron diffraction patterns indicate that the PbSe(x)S(1-x), PbSe, and PbS NWs all possess the same <002> growth direction, with diffraction patterns consistent with an underlying rock salt crystal structure.
Templated insertions in the rearranged chicken IgL V gene segment arise by intrachromosomal gene conversion. (1990)

Chickens create a repertoire for their immunoglobulin light-chain gene by a novel process of sequence substitution within a unique rearranged V gene segment (VL1) during B-cell development in the bursa of Fabricius. Sequence analysis has shown that these nucleotide substitutions are not random. Potential donors for observed sequence substitutions are present within the 25 psi VL segments located 5' of the VL1 gene. In this report, we demonstrate that VL1 sequence substitutions: (1) are derived from the psi VL donor segment templates in cis, (2) do not result in reciprocal transfer of VL1 gene sequences to the psi VL segments, and (3) lead to the rapid disappearance of cells with nondiversified rearranged VL1 genes during B-cell development in the bursa of Fabricius. Together, these data provide evidence that VL1 sequence diversity arises as a result of intrachromosomal gene conversion.
Instrumentation for Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy: Method Comparison and Newer Developments (2018)

Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) is a widely used standard method for determination of absolute stereochemistry, and somewhat less so for biomolecule characterization and following dynamic processes. Over the last few decades, different VCD instrument designs have developed for various purposes, and reliable commercial instrumentation is now available. This review will briefly survey historical and currently used instrument designs and describe some aspects of more recently reported developments. An important factor in applying VCD to conformational studies is theoretical modeling of spectra for various structures, techniques for which are briefly surveyed.
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Repair of Lateral Root Perforations (2001)

This study was conducted to observe the healing process of intentional lateral root perforation repaired with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Forty-eight root canals of dogs' teeth were instrumented and filled. After partial removal of the filling, an intentional perforation was made with a bur in the lateral area of the root. The perforations were repaired with MTA or Sealapex (control group). Histological analysis occurred 30 and 180 days after treatment. Results showed no inflammation and deposition of cementum over MTA in the majority of the specimens. In the 180-day period, Sealapex exhibited chronic inflammation in all the specimens and slight deposition of cementum over the material in only three cases. In conclusion, MTA exhibited better results than the control group.
Continuous unlearning in neural networks (1989)

An algorithm is described that improves the performance of Hopfield neural networks. This algorithm involves a continuous unlearning of spurious memories that goes together with the learning of the memories to be stored. The proposed algorithm is a variant of the Hebbian learning rule.
Monolithic Integration of Si-CMOS and III-V-on-Si Through Direct Wafer Bonding Process (2017)

Integration of silicon-complementary metal oxide-semiconductor (Si-CMOS) and III-V compound semiconductors (with device structures of either InGaAs HEMT, AlGaInP LED, GaN HEMT, or InGaN LED) on a common Si substrate is demonstrated. The Si-CMOS layer is temporarily bonded on a Si handle wafer. Another III-V/Si substrate is then bonded to the Si-CMOS containing handle wafer. Finally, the handle wafer is released to realize the Si-CMOS on III-V/Si substrate. For GaN HEMT or LED on Si substrate, additional wafer bonding step is required to replace the fragile Si (111) substrate after high temperature GaN growth with a new Si (001) wafer to improve the robustness of the GaN/Si wafers. Through this substrate replacement step, the bonded wafer pair can survive the subsequent processing steps. The monolithic integration of Si-CMOS + III-V devices on a common Si platform enables new generation of systems with more functionality, better energy efficiency, and smaller form factor.
Altered Cytoplasmic-to-Nuclear Ratio of Survivin Is a Prognostic Indicator in Breast Cancer (2008)

Different prognostic information is supplied by nuclear and cytoplasmic survivin in breast cancer. Nuclear survivin is a poor prognostic marker in breast cancer. Moreover, CNR of survivin, as determined by image analysis, is an independent prognostic factor.
Business Data Communications and Networking (1998)

Over the past few years, many fundamental changes have occurred in data communications and networking that will shape the future for decades to come. Updated with the latest advances in the field,Jerry FitzGerald and Alan Dennis' 10th Edition of Business Data Communications and Networking continues to provide the fundamental concepts and cutting-edge coverage applications that students need to succeed in this fast-moving field. Authors FitzGerald and Dennis have developed a foundation and balanced presentation from which new technologies and applications can be easily understood, evaluated, and compared.