gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the role of CD207 on Langerhans cells in a murine model of atopic dermatitis by in situ imaging using Cr:forsterite laser-based multimodality nonlinear microscopy (2012)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic inflammatory disease of skin. It remains unclear that CD207 of Langerhans cells (LCs) plays a central role in the development of allergic sensitization. There is little data on LCs within the microenviroment in vivo. We used a murine model of epicutaneous (EC) ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization inducing an inflammatory skin resembling AD to explore the role of CD207 in the pathogenesis of AD. Cr:forsterite laser-based multimodality nonlinear microscopy was applied for in situ imaging. Peritoneal injections of Alexa Fluor 647-rat anti-mouse CD207 into mice were performed to specifically trace the LCs. Peritoneal injections of OVA-Alexa Fluor 647 conjugate into mice were performed to specifically trace the OVA. We found that combining Alexa Fluor fluorescent probes with multimodality nonlinear microscopy permitted the unequivocal in situ imaging of CD207-expressing LCs. The relevant time-course, expressional, and functional studies reveal that CD207 of LCs plays an essential role during the induction of EC sensitization. We establish and validate that Cr:forsterite laser-based multimodality nonlinear microscopy is applicable for the specific detection of labeled mAb-bound LCs and labeled antigen. We suggest that CD207-expressing LCs initiate the allergic response through the CD207 mediated epicutaneous sensitization associated with the development of AD.
Transmission Kossel study of origin of Goss texture in grain oriented silicon steel. (1983)

Transmission Kossel technique has been applied in an attempt to elucidate the origin of the potential nuclei of the celebrated (110)[001] secondary grains in the high induction grain oriented silicon steel. The (110)[001] secondary recrystallization nuclei, which are inherited by the structure memory from the original hot-rolled texture, are not the recrystallized grains in the vicinity of the steel surface of the hot-rolled steel, but the polygonized (110)[001] grains elongated toward the rolling direction at about 1/10 depth from the steel surface. The polygonized (110)[001] grain consists of several matrix bands containing the transition band and normally gives the line diffusing TK patterns. There are the highly oriented (110) [001] areas with the line sharpening TK patterns inside the polygonized (110)[001] grains, by which they appear to be guarded. The highly oriented (110)[001] areas are compatible with the colonies of the large primary recrystallized (110)[001] grains inherited even after the subsequent alternating operations of the cold rolling and the recrystallization annealing. It is considered that the potential nuclei of (110)[001] secondary grains will generate from the highly oriented (110)[001] areas, the preferential formation of which is indispensable for the development of the celebrated (110)[001] secondary grains during the secondary recrystallization annealing.
Oxidative stress as a signaling mechanism of the vascular response to injury The redox hypothesis of restenosis (2000)

The prominent role of redox processes in tissue injury and in vascular cell signaling suggest their involvement in the repair reaction to vessel injury, which is a key determinant of restenosis post-angioplasty. Experimental studies showed a protective effect of superoxide dismutase or antioxidants on vasospasm, neointimal thickening or remodeling after balloon injury. It was also shown that oxidized thiols induce chelatable metal-dependent amplification of the vascular repair reaction. Ongoing or completed clinical trials show a promising effect of the antioxidant probucol against restenosis. However, few studies addressed the molecular physiological mechanisms underlying the redox hypothesis of restenosis. We recently showed evidence for marked oxidative stress early after balloon injury, with superoxide production mediated primarily by non-endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase-type flavoenzyme(s). This effect was closely related to the degree of injury. There is evidence supporting a role for such early redox processes in apoptotic cell loss and NF-kappa B activation. We present new data on the time course of oxidative stress after balloon injury of intact rabbit iliac arteries. Our data show that despite substantial neointimal growth and lumen narrowing, superoxide production and glutathione levels are unaltered at day 14 and 28 after balloon injury. At day 7 after injury, the peak neointimal proliferation in this model, there was significant decrease of vascular superoxide dismutase activity, without clear evidence of spontaneous superoxide production. Thus, oxidative stress after injury is likely to be an early transient event, which parallels the inflammatory and proliferative phases of the vascular response. We propose that such early redox processes act as dose-dependent signal transducers of gene programs that affect the final repair.
An easy way to relate optical element motion to system pointing stability (2006)

The optomechanical engineering for mounting lenses and mirrors in imaging systems is frequently driven by the pointing or jitter requirements for the system. A simple set of rules was developed that allow the engineer to quickly determine the coupling between motion of an optical element and a change in the system line of sight. Examples are shown for cases of lenses, mirrors, and optical subsystems. The derivation of the stationary point for rotation is also provided. Small rotation of the system about this point does not cause image motion.
Catalytic hydrogenation of linoleic acid over platinum‐group metals supported on alumina (1997)

Abstract Catalytic activity and selectivity for hydrogenation of linoleic acid ( cis ‐9, cis ‐12 18:2) were studied on Pt, Pd, Ru, and Ir supported on Al 2 O 3 . Stearic acid (18:0) and 10 different octadecenoic isomers (18:1) in the products could be separated completely by using a new capillary column coated by isocyanopropyl trisilphenylene siloxane for gas‐liquid chromatography. The monoenoic acid isomers and dienoic acid isomers in the products on the various catalysts showed different distributions. The catalysts exhibited nearly equal selectivity for stearic acid formation. The 12‐position double bond in linoleic acid has higher reactivity than the 9‐position double bond in catalytic hydrogenation on platinum‐group metal catalysts. In addition to hydrogenation products of linoleic acid, geometrical and positional dienoic acid isomers ( trans ‐9, trans ‐12; trans ‐8, cis ‐12; cis ‐9, trans ‐13; trans ‐9, cis ‐13; cis ‐9, trans ‐12 18:2), due to isomerization of linoleic acid during hydrogenation, were contained in the reaction products. Ru/Al 2 O 3 exhibited the highest activity for isomerization of linoleic acid with the noble metal catalysts. Conjugated octadecadienoic acid isomers have been observed in products of the reaction on Pt/Al 2 O 3 , Ru/Al 2 O 3 , and Ir/Al 2 O 3 . Catalytic activities of noble metals for positional and geometric isomerization of linoleic acid during hydrogenation decreased in the sequence of Ru ≥ Pt > Ir » Pd.
Learning Plannable Representations with Causal InfoGAN (2018)

In recent years, deep generative models have been shown to 'imagine' convincing high-dimensional observations such as images, audio, and even video, learning directly from raw data. In this work, we ask how to imagine goal-directed visual plans -- a plausible sequence of observations that transition a dynamical system from its current configuration to a desired goal state, which can later be used as a reference trajectory for control. We focus on systems with high-dimensional observations, such as images, and propose an approach that naturally combines representation learning and planning. Our framework learns a generative model of sequential observations, where the generative process is induced by a transition in a low-dimensional planning model, and an additional noise. By maximizing the mutual information between the generated observations and the transition in the planning model, we obtain a low-dimensional representation that best explains the causal nature of the data. We structure the planning model to be compatible with efficient planning algorithms, and we propose several such models based on either discrete or continuous states. Finally, to generate a visual plan, we project the current and goal observations onto their respective states in the planning model, plan a trajectory, and then use the generative model to transform the trajectory to a sequence of observations. We demonstrate our method on imagining plausible visual plans of rope manipulation.
A Deep Learning RCNN Approach for Vehicle Recognition in Traffic Surveillance System (2019)

Automatic moving vehicle detection and recognition are the crucial steps in traffic surveillance applications. Frame extraction is the prior step, which is followed by box filter based background estimation and removal. Box filter based background estimation is used to smoothen the rapid variations, due to the movement of vehicles. Moving vehicles are then detected by analyzing the pixel wise variations between estimated background and input frames. Vehicle detection phase is then followed by recognition phase to classify variant vehicle classes. The deep learning framework Region based Convolutional Neural Network(RCNN) is implemented for the recognition of vehicles with region proposals. Due to the existence of region proposal in RCNN, computational multiplicity is reduced. Metrices like accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and precision values are evaluated to characterize the proficiency of the proposed methodology for vehicle.
Compact microstrip bandpass filter with enhanced stopband performances (2007)

This work is focused on the development of new microwave filter structure for high selectivity applications. This type of design is very important to radio frequency engineer, since they are currently used in communications applications to reject spurious signals, and to separate different channels in multiplex systems. The idea presented in this article is based on pentagonal open-loop resonators, with the addition of tapped input/output (I/O) lines, to construct a high performance bandpass filter. The tapped I/O lines may have an independent extra transmission zero in the stop-band without requiring complex coupling between resonators. The full-wave simulator CST microwave studio was used to design the resonator and to calculate the place of tapped lines. The proposed filter was designed, fabricated and tested. The results of the tests showed that responses had a good agreement with the theoretical predictions.
The contribution of tandem repeat number to the O-glycosylation of mucins (2002)

The serine- and threonine-rich tandem repeat (TR) units that make up the characteristic feature of mucin glycoproteins are often polymorphic with substantial genetic variation in TR number. The precise effect of TR number on O-glycosylation is not fully understood, although the TR number of several mucins may be associated with apparent susceptibility to certain human diseases. To evaluate the contribution of TR number to O-glycosylation, we generated a series of chimeric mucins carrying increasing numbers of TR units from the MUC5B mucin in the context of an epitope-tagged MUC1 mucin backbone. These mucins were expressed in Caco2 colon carcinoma cell clones and purified by immunoprecipitation. O-Glycosylation was investigated by western blotting with antibodies to known carbohydrate structures and by fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry. Additional carbohydrate epitopes were detected with antibodies on chimeric mucins with a higher TR number in comparison to those with fewer TRs. Using mass spectrometry, higher-molecular-weight glycans were detected more frequently on the mucins with extended TRs compared to those with fewer TRs. However no novel carbohydrate structures were seen, suggesting that TR number does not affect the specificity of O-glycosylation.
Exosomes and immune surveillance of neoplastic lesions: a review (2012)

The immune system has been reported to suppress the development and progression of neoplastic lesions; however, the exact mechanisms by which neoplastic lesions and the immune system interact are not well understood. Within the last decade, tiny membrane bound particles, approximately 30-100 nm in diameter, have been observed in the blood and other body fluids. These particles, currently called exosomes, are released from many types of tissues including tumors, and they contain and carry many proteins, and mRNAs and microRNA species. We review here how tumors suppress the immune system, especially by the formation of exosomes. Exosomes released from tumors are carried in part by the vascular system to distant cells, which phagocytose them. Depending on the proteins, mRNAs or microRNAs in the exosomes and the cell type, phagocytosis of exosomes may provide a modulating signal to the cell. In the case of exosomes from tumors, uptake of the exosomes by cells of the immune system has been reported to have three main effects: 1) suppression of the number and activity of natural killer cells, 2) suppression of the activity of T cells and 3) suppression of the number and maturation of mature dendritic cells.
ZKPDL: A Language-Based System for Efficient Zero-Knowledge Proofs and Electronic Cash (2010)

In recent years, many advances have been made in cryptography, as well as in the performance of communication networks and processors. As a result, many advanced cryptographic protocols are now efficient enough to be considered practical, yet research in the area remains largely theoretical and little work has been done to use these protocols in practice, despite a wealth of potential applications. This paper introduces a simple description language, ZKPDL, and an interpreter for this language. ZKPDL implements non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge, a primitive which has received much attention in recent years. Using our language, a single program may specify the computation required by both the prover and verifier of a zero-knowledge protocol, while our interpreter performs a number of optimizations to lower both computational and space overhead. Our motivating application for ZKPDL has been the efficient implementation of electronic cash. As such, we have used our language to develop a cryptographic library, Cashlib, that provides an interface for using e-cash and fair exchange protocols without requiring expert knowledge from the programmer. 1
HVACSIM+ building systems and equipment simulation program - users guide (1985)

A number of people have been involved in the development of the HVACSIM + package. Dr.
SCFS: a UNIX filesystem for smartcards (1999)

Rights to individual papers remain with the author or the author&apos;s employer. Permission is granted for noncommercial reproduction of the work for educational or research purposes. This copyright notice must be included in the reproduced paper. USENIX acknowledges all trademarks herein. For more information about the USENIX Association:
Software implementation issues in digital integrated receiver decoders (1996)

The introduction of digital TV technology in broadcast systems such as satellite, cable and in the future terrestrial TV will require large investments to be made in the provision of digital receivers. The cost to the consumer could be reduced if a single receiver could be used to view transmissions from several sources and providers, rather than the current situation where each service provider specifies their own proprietary solution. This paper discusses the hardware and software requirements of an integrated receiver decoder (IRD) which can be used to display digital broadcasts from different delivery systems. It identifies the structure of the underlying software modules and shows how they would be used by an application. It also addresses the problems caused by multiple conditional access systems and the requirements of applications downloaded to the IRD. Finally conclusions are drawn as to the advantages of an open software architecture, in terms of the availability of third party components.
Helmet-Mounted Area-of-Interest Display (1992)

This report describes the results of a design study for a helmet- mounted display (HMD) for use as an area of interest (AOI) for the Display for Advanced Research and Training (DART). The objective of the research was to investigate alternative optical approaches for building a helmet-mounted area of interest (HMAOI) for the DART and to recommend the optimal approach based on performance and cost tradeoffs. The experiment examined several system design problems: the design of an HMD eyepiece with minimal obtrusiveness, visual blending of the HMD imagery with the projected imagery, and timing and perspective issues relating to the computer-generated imagery presented by both the HMD and the projection display. Eye slaving, Optical design, Area of interest, Helmet-mounted displays, Visual displays, Coherent fiber optics, Human factors, Visual simulation, Display for Advanced Research and Training(DART).
Feature Selection Based on Genetic Algorithm for CBIR (2008)

Automated techniques to optimize feature descriptor weights and select optimum feature descriptor subset are desirable as a way to enhance the performance of content based image retrieval system. In our system, all the MPEG-7 image feature descriptors including color descriptors, texture descriptors and shape descriptors are used to represent low-level image features. We use a real coded chromosome genetic algorithm (GA) and k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) classification accuracy as fitness function to optimize weights. Meanwhile, a binary one and k-NN classification accuracy combining with the size of feature descriptor subset as fitness function are used to select optimum feature descriptor subset. Furthermore, we propose two kinds of two-stage feature selection schemes for weight optimization and descriptor subset selection, which are the integration of a real coded GA and a binary one. The experimental results over 2000 classified Corel images show that with weight optimization, the accuracy of image retrieval system is improved; with the selection of optimum feature descriptor subset, both the accuracy and the efficiency are improved.
Remarkable NLO Response and Infrared Absorption in Simple Twisted Molecular π-Chromophores (1998)

Computational modeling reveals that, by substitutional modification of interplanar dihedral angles in a series of quinopyrans, both the optical absorption cross section and the first hyperpolarizability can be widely tuned in both frequency and magnitude. This is a promising structural control scheme for modulating molecular nonlinear optical and infrared absorption properties. The maximum nonresonant μβ estimated for a tetraalkyl-substituted 4-quinopyran, the full AM1-optimized interplanar dihedral angle of which is 104°, is ∼70000 × 10-48 esu, at an excitation energy of 0.10 eV. This is 4 orders of magnitude larger than that of the archetypical NLO chromophore, 4-N,N‘-(dimethylamino)-4‘-nitrostilbene, at the same excitation frequency. The effects of conjugation pathway, strength of the electron donor/acceptor groups, and auxiliary donor and acceptor on the molecular response properties have also been analyzed. The optical absorption at a twist angle of 90°, when the molecule can be described as two disjoint π-subfragments, exhibits characteristic absorptions from the individual subfragments and also inter-subfragment excitation; the former occur at high energies and with high oscillator strengths, while the latter occurs at low energy and with low oscillator strength.
Supplementation of Caricol®-Gastro reduces chronic gastritis disease associated pain. (2018)

Due to the inherent biological activities of ingredients of papaya and of oats and their known effects (anti-inflammatory, epithelial integrity), the observed beneficial effects may be owed to the constituents synergisms to reduce chronic inflammation. We conclude, that the regular intake is a safe add on therapeutic option for patients with chronic gastritis to support standard medical care.
Mean diffusivity in cortical gray matter in Alzheimer's disease: The importance of partial volume correction (2017)

Mean diffusivity (MD) measured by diffusion tensor imaging can reflect microstructural alterations of the brain's gray matter (GM). Therefore, GM MD may be a sensitive marker of neurodegeneration related to Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, due to partial volume effects (PVE), differences in MD may be overestimated because of a higher degree of brain atrophy in AD patients and in cases with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Here, we evaluated GM MD changes in AD and MCI compared with healthy controls, and the effect of partial volume correction (PVC) on diagnostic utility of MD. We determined region of interest (ROI) and voxel-wise group differences and diagnostic accuracy of MD and volume measures between matched samples of 39 AD, 39 MCI and 39 healthy subjects before and after PVC. Additionally, we assessed whether effects of GM MD values on diagnosis were mediated by volume. ROI and voxel-wise group differences were reduced after PVC. When using these ROIs for predicting group separation in logistic models, both PVE corrected and uncorrected GM MD values yielded a poorer diagnostic accuracy in single predictor models than regional volume. For the discrimination of AD patients and healthy controls, the effect of GM MD on diagnosis was significantly mediated by volume of hippocampus and posterior cingulate ROIs. Our results suggest that GM MD measurements are strongly confounded by PVE in the presence of brain atrophy, underlining the necessity of PVC when using these measurements as specific metrics of microstructural tissue degeneration. Independently of PVC, regional MD was not superior to regional volume in separating prodromal and clinical stages of AD from healthy controls.
Maximum-information guidance for homing missiles (1984)

A recently-defined information index is used to enhance the information content of minimum-control-effort trajectories for the homing missile intercept problem. Optimal planar intercept trajectories are obtained for a performance index which is control effort weighted by position information content. The missile and target are assumed to be operating at constant speed. The shooting method is used to compute the optimal paths; but because of the simplicity of the model, on-line optimization yielding a guidance law with information enhancement should be possible.
Linear variable inductor in power processing (1987)

Straightforward power processing is one of the many application fields of the recently discovered linear variable inductor, the LVI. A brief description of the operation principle and of the construction of an LVI is followed by a presentation of the simplest power processing cell utilizing this new component. The new cell operates in the continuous conduction mode only and features a number of desirable properties such as a constant-frequency opearation without noise-sensitive pulse-width modulators and an insensitivity to the finite reverse-recovery time of the secondary rectifiers. The 50 percend duty ratio operation of the switches greatly simplifies the design of the associated lossless snubbers. The measurements of a 1 KW experimental dell and the number of its possible extensions demonstrate the versatility of this new magnetic structure as a controlled element in power-processing applications.