gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inversion of borehole breakout orientation data (1991)

Well bore breakouts are zones of spalling and fracture that form on opposite sides of a well bore and tend to change the cross‐sectional shape of the borehole from circular to roughly elliptical. In vertical holes drilled in areas where one principal stress is vertical, breakout orientations tend to parallel the direction of the regional minimum principal stress (compressive). Such breakout orientations are often valuable indicators of the direction of the principal stresses. We will show in this paper that the variation of the breakout direction as the borehole deviates from vertical gives further information about the relative magnitudes of all the three principal stresses. Based upon the variation of breakout directions as a function of deviations and azimuths of the borehole along its depth, an inverse problem is formulated to estimate both the direction of the minimum horizontal stress and the relative magnitudes of the horizontal stresses to the vertical stress. Tests with synthetic data sets show that the power of the method is dependent on the stress regime (strike‐slip, normal and thrust). Generally the inverse problem in the case of thrust faulting is less constrained, whereas, in the case of normal faulting, it allows for a determination of all three parameters ( S H / S V , S K / S V and ν) with a reasonable certainty. Interpretation of the data from the Siljan Deep Drilling Project in Sweden shows that the azimuth of the minimum principal horizontal stress is very well constrained to N(18.4°±0.3°)E, while the ratio of the maximum principal horizontal stress to the vertical stress is constrained to 1.1 ±0.1. The ratio between minimum principal horizontal stress and principal vertical stress is poorly constrained to the interval (0.0–0.95). Information of drilling mud leakage and borehole stability analysis provides a value of 0.61 [ Stephansson et al ., 1990]. These results are in fair agreement with the results from earthquake fault plane solutions in South Central Fennoscandia with dominant strike‐slip faulting and an inferred minimum horizontal stress direction of N45°E [ Slunga , 1981].
Interest Point Based Tracking (2010)

This paper deals with a novel method for object tracking. In the first step interest points are detected and feature descriptors around them are calculated. Sets of known points are created, allowing tracking based on point matching. The set representation is updated online at every tracking step. Our method uses one-shot learning with the first frame, so no offline and no supervised learning is required. Following an object recognition based approach there is no need for a background model or motion model, allowing tracking of abrupt motion and with non-stationary cameras. We compare our method to Mean Shift and Tracking via Online Boosting, showing the benefits of our approach.
Expression of 12 rabbit IgA C alpha genes as chimeric rabbit-mouse IgA antibodies. (1989)

Serologic analysis of rabbit secretory IgA initially identified two subclasses of IgA, IgA-f and IgA-g. Recent molecular genetic studies have resulted in the identification and cloning of 13 genes encoding the constant region (C) of rabbit IgA heavy chains. Each of these 13 C alpha genes, C alpha 1-C alpha 13, was subcloned into an expression vector containing the VDJ (V, variable; D, diversity; J, joining) gene of a dansyl (DNS)-binding hybridoma antibody. The alpha heavy-chain constructs were transfected into SP2/0 cells producing murine light chains with specificity for DNS. Of the 13 resulting transfectomas, 12 were shown by ELISA to secrete DNS-binding chimeric rabbit-mouse IgA molecules. By immunoblot analysis, the 12 IgA-producing transfectomas were shown to secrete alpha chains ranging in size from 60 to 72 kDa. These data suggest that rabbit IgA may be composed of as many as 12 IgA isotypes. This is in marked contrast to mouse and human, in which only 1 and 2 IgA isotypes, respectively, are found. Serologic analyses, using anti-IgA-f and anti-IgA-g alloantisera, revealed that 11 of the 12 transfectoma IgAs reacted with anti-IgA-f and not with anti-IgA-g antibodies and that one reacted with anti-IgA-g and not with anti-IgA-f antibodies. Each of the IgA-producing transfectomas was cocultured with a Madin-Darby canine kidney cell line expressing the rabbit polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, and the transcytosed IgA antibodies were analyzed by immunoblots to determine whether they associated with secretory component (SC) through covalent or noncovalent interactions. Each of the 11 IgA-f isotypes was shown to bind SC by a disulfide linkage, whereas the single IgA-g isotype appeared to bind SC through noncovalent interactions only.
α‐Pyrones and Pyranes from the Plant Pathogenic Fungus <i>Pestalotiopsis scirpina</i> (2012)

Abstract Three new α‐pyrones, scirpyrones A–C ( 1 – 3 ), and four new pyranes, scirpyranes A–D ( 4 – 7 ), were isolated from solid cultures of the plant pathogen Pestalotiopsis scirpina . Their structures were elucidated primarily by NMR experiments. The absolute configurations of C‐7 and C‐2′ in 1 , C‐7 in 2 , and C‐6 and C‐7 in 3 were deduced on the basis of circular dichroism (CD) data, whereas those of the secondary alcohols in 4 – 7 were determined by a modification of Mosher's method. Compound 1 is the first described 6‐(5‐oxotetrahydrofuran‐2‐yl)‐2 H ‐pyran‐2‐one. Compounds 4 – 6 showed significant cytotoxicity towards MCF‐7 cells.
The Whys and Hows of Asteroid Lightcurves (2002)

A thorough understanding of the formation and evolution of the minor planets depends on a substantial body of data on these lesser members of the solar system. One way in which amateur astronomers can make a significant contribution to that body of data is by determining the lightcurve parameters for as many asteroids as possible. In the paper below, the author reviews some of the physical traits of asteroids that can be determined from lightcurve and why those traits are important. Also covered are some of the specific considerations required to obtain useful data, both at the telescope and during data reduction and by establishing collaborations among other amateurs and professional astronomers. 2002 IAPPP Western Wing, Inc. References: 1. Harris, Alan W., “Why Do Asteorid Lightcurves”, Minor Planet Mailing List, http://www.bitnik.com/mp/archive/Why_do_Asteroid_Lightcurves.html 2. The Minor Planet Bulletin, c/o Derald D. Nye, nye@kw-obsv.org 3. http://home.att.net/~Bob.Koff/5587/5587.htm 4. http://www.MinorPlanetObserver.com 5. Warner, B.D and Harris, Alan W. “A Life in the Day of Asteroids,” Proceedings of the 2000 Minor Planet Amateur and Professional Workshop. 6. http://www.MinorPlanetObserver.com/astlc/default.htm 7. http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iau/mpc.html 8. http://www.minorplanetobserver.com/CAPS/dataupload.htm 9. http://www.minorplanetobserver.com/htms/pdo_lightcurves.htm 10. Harris, A.W., Lupishko, D.F., “Photometric Lightcurve Observations and Reduction Techniques”, Asteroids II, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1989, pp. 39-53. 1. Why Do Asteroid Lightcurve Work? In an e-mail message to the Minor Planet Mailing list [1], Dr. Alan Harris of JPL presented a list of reasons that lightcurve research is important. Here is a brief summary: 1. Establishing a correlation between taxonomic class and rotation period. The C, S and M classes are fairly well characterized but other classes are in need of more data. 2. Establishing the rotation rate vs. size. Of particular need are those of smaller size.
Mammalian heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex protein A1. Large-scale overproduction in Escherichia coli and cooperative binding to single-stranded nucleic acids. (1988)

Characterization of mammalian heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex protein A1 is reported after large-scale overproduction of the protein in Escherichia coli and purification to homogeneity. A1 is a single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein of 320 amino acids and 34,214 Da. The protein has two domains. The NH2-terminal domain is globular, whereas the COOH-terminal domain of about 120 amino acids has low probability of alpha-helix structure and is glycinerich. Nucleic acid binding properties of recombinant A1 were compared with those of recombinant and natural proteins corresponding to the NH2-terminal domain. A1 bound to single-stranded DNA-cellulose with higher affinity than the NH2-terminal domain peptides. Protein-induced fluorescence enhancement was used to measure equilibrium binding properties of the proteins. A1 binding to poly (ethenoadenylate) was cooperative with the intrinsic association constant of 1.5 X 10(5) M-1 at 0.4 M NaCl and a cooperativity parameter of 30. The NH2-terminal domain peptides bound noncooperatively and with a much lower association constant. With these peptides and with intact A1, binding was fully reversed by increasing [NaCl]; yet. A1 binding was much less salt-sensitive than binding by the NH2-terminal domain peptides. A synthetic polypeptide analog of the COOH-terminal domain was prepared and was found to bind tightly to poly-(ethenoadenylate). The results are consistent with the idea that the COOH-terminal domain contributes to A1 binding through both cooperative protein-protein interaction and direct interaction with the nucleic acid.
Synthesis of Oligosaccharide-Polylysine Conjugates:  A Well Characterized Sialyl Lewis<sup>a</sup> Polymer for ELISA (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSynthesis of Oligosaccharide-Polylysine Conjugates: A Well Characterized Sialyl Lewisa Polymer for ELISAGebhard Thoma, John L. Magnani, Reinhold Öhrlein, Beat Ernst, Franz Schwarzenbach, and Rudolf O. DuthalerView Author Information Novartis Pharma Inc., CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland Glycotech Corporation, 14915 Broschart Road Rockville, Maryland 10850 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 31, 7414–7415Publication Date (Web):August 6, 1997Publication History Received3 March 1997Published online6 August 1997Published inissue 1 August 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja970657thttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja970657trapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views463Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Carbohydrates,Functionalization,Organic compounds,Polymers,Thiols Get e-Alerts
Serum type III procollagen peptide and laminin (Lam-P1) detect alcoholic hepatitis in chronic alcohol abusers (1989)

The diagnosis of alcoholic hepatitis is difficult to establish by conventional clinical and laboratory methods, and a firm diagnosis relies on liver histology. Since there are severe limitations in following patients with repeated liver biopsies, noninvasive procedures are needed to assess the presence of alcoholic hepatitis in chronic alcohol abusers. It has been suggested that serum Type III procollagen peptide levels correlates with the degree of inflammation in chronic liver disease. Since inflammation is a major histological finding in alcoholic hepatitis, we therefore studied the usefulness of measuring serum Type III procollagen peptide and laminin values in 45 consecutive chronic alcohol abusers, with or without cirrhosis, in detecting those with alcoholic hepatitis. The results showed that both Type III procollagen peptide and laminin values were elevated in all of the patients with established liver damage. However, the values were highest in those with liver cirrhosis plus alcoholic hepatitis (Type III procollagen peptide 50.4 +/- 36.4 ng per ml vs. 8.1 +/- 2.6 in controls, p less than 0.01; laminin 4.50 +/- 1.49 units per liter vs. 1.24 +/- 0.26 units per liter in controls, p less than 0.01), followed by subjects with alcoholic hepatitis alone (Type III procollagen peptide 23.5 +/- 17.6 ng per ml, p less than 0.01; laminin 2.60 +/- 1.09 units per liter, p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Modified Colorimetric MTT Assay Adapted for Primary Cultured Hepatocytes: Application to Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assays (1992)

Journal Article A Modified Colorimetric MTT Assay Adapted for Primary Cultured Hepatocytes: Application to Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assays Get access Masato Oka, Masato Oka Government Industrial Research Institute, Nagoya, Hirate-cho 1-1, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462, JapanOn the leave from Gifu Prefectural Industrial Research Technical Center (Gifu, Japan) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sumio Maeda, Sumio Maeda Government Industrial Research Institute, Nagoya, Hirate-cho 1-1, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462, Japan To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nobumitsu Koga, Nobumitsu Koga Government Industrial Research Institute, Nagoya, Hirate-cho 1-1, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462, JapanOn leave from Maekawa MFG. Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Katsuya Kato, Katsuya Kato Government Industrial Research Institute, Nagoya, Hirate-cho 1-1, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Takao Saito Takao Saito Government Industrial Research Institute, Nagoya, Hirate-cho 1-1, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, Volume 56, Issue 9, 1 January 1992, Pages 1472–1473, https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.56.1472 Published: 01 January 1992 Article history Published: 01 January 1992 Received: 07 February 1992
Demand for wool in a changing world. (2000)

Slow growth in world textile markets has contributed to increasing competition among fibres. Falling prices for synthetic fibres in the 1990s have made it difficult for wool to compete on price. Wool has faced increasing competition for consumer expenditures from other types of goods - including electronics, medical care, recreation and services. Aging populations and less formal fashion wear have resulted in declines in the market segments that favor wool.
Detection of SNP by the Isothermal Smart Amplification Method (2009)

The complexity of molecular diagnostic assays is a significant barrier to employment in point-of-care diagnostics, despite the growing need for such technologies. We have developed a sensitive, accurate, rapid, and simple DNA amplification scheme that shows potential for translational medicine from pharmacogenomics-based drug discovery through to point-of-care diagnostics. Called the "Smart Amplification process 2" (SmartAmp 2), the method is isothermal, and employs a unique primer design and background suppression technology that can amplify target sequences from crude cell lysates. The specificity of the SmartAmp 2 assay enables detection of single-nucleotide differences such as somatic mutations in tumors and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants. Because mismatch amplification can be completely suppressed in SmartAmp 2, a reliable diagnostic result can be achieved based exclusively on amplification alone. Furthermore, mutation detection and SNP genotypes can be obtained in as little as 30-40 min from sample preparation of raw blood or tissue specimens.
Antibodies to Capsular Polysaccharide and Clumping Factor A Prevent Mastitis and the Emergence of Unencapsulated and Small-Colony Variants of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>in Mice (2008)

The pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus infections is influenced by multiple virulence factors that are expressed under variable conditions, and this has complicated the design of an effective vaccine. Clinical trials that targeted the capsule or clumping factor A (ClfA) failed to protect the recipients against staphylococcal infections. We passively immunized lactating mice with rabbit antibodies to S. aureus capsular polysaccharide (CP) serotype 5 (CP5) or CP8 or with monoclonal antibodies to ClfA. Mice immunized with antibodies to CP5 or CP8 or with ClfA had significantly reduced tissue bacterial burdens 4 days after intramammary challenge with encapsulated S. aureus strains. After several passages in mice passively immunized with CP-specific antiserum, increasing numbers of stable unencapsulated variants of S. aureus were cultured from the infected mammary glands. Greater numbers of these unencapsulated S. aureus variants than of the corresponding encapsulated parental strains were internalized in vitro in MAC-T bovine cells. Furthermore, small-colony variants (SCVs) were recovered from the infected mammary glands after several passages in mice passively immunized with CP-specific antiserum. A combination of antibodies effectively sterilized mammary glands in a significant number of passively immunized mice. More importantly, passive immunization with antibodies to both CP and ClfA fully inhibited the emergence of unencapsulated "escape mutants" and significantly reduced the appearance of SCVs. A vaccine formulation comprising CP conjugates plus a surface-associated protein adhesin may be more effective than either antigen alone for prevention of S. aureus infections.
Static corrections for low S/N ratio converted-wave seismic data (2008)

变换波浪有慢速度和低 signal-to-noise 比率。它对第一裂缝的精选和箱也困难 common-conversion-points (CCP ) 。一些静电干扰方法，为 P 波浪数据工作很好，不能有效地被使用解决变换波浪的静电干扰问题。这在变换波浪的数据处理成为了主要障碍到突破。改进变换波浪的静态的修正，首先基于 common-receiver-point (CRP ) ，栈被用于起始的接收装置静电干扰修正提高 CRP 栈的连贯的一个静电干扰方法。第二，改进 CCP 栈的连续性的 stack-power-maximization 静电干扰修正被用于详细接收装置静电干扰。最后，一个 non-surface-consistent 剩余行动外面 CCP 集合的修正被用来从不同深度提高思考信号的栈力量。变换波浪的静电干扰被三个修正方法的联合使用解决。
The virtual raft project (2005)

This paper presents a novel and intuitive paradigm for interacting with autonomous animated characters. This paradigm utilizes a mobile device to allow people to transport characters among different virtual environments. The central metaphor in this paradigm is that virtual space is like land and real space is like water for virtual characters. The tangible interface described here serves as a virtual raft with which people may carry characters across a sea of real space from one virtual island to another. By increasing participants' physical engagement with the autonomous characters, this interaction paradigm contributes to the believability of those characters.
Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Bordetella pertussis strains used in different vaccine formulations in Latin America (2012)

The results presented show that the old strains included in vaccines are not all equal among them. These findings together with the data of circulating bacteria should be taken into account to select the best vaccine to be included in a national immunization programme.
Field mice: Extracting hand geometry from electric field measurements (1996)

Several members of a family of techniques called Electric Field Sensing are described. Each sensing technique can be understood as a measurement of the value of a different component in an effective circuit diagram that summarizes all possible current pathways involving the body to be sensed and the sensing electrodes. An analytical model of the sensor response is presented, and then a probabilistic framework for inferring geometrical information from field measurements is described. The inference framework is demonstrated for the cases of a two-dimensional and a three-dimensional mouse.
MCM substrate with high capacitance (1995)

It is well established that thin film capacitors have good electrical characteristics; for that reason they are often used in high frequency applications. We have investigated planarization of bottom capacitive electrodes which must make direct contact with a co-fired ceramic surface, and adjustment and control of the Thermal Coefficient of Expansion (TCE) difference between high dielectric constant material and the base MCM ceramic substrate. Combining thin film capacitors with MCM substrates can result in high frequency decoupling capacitors (with 100/spl times/ the capacitance of comparable co-fired thin layer alumina constructions), space savings, and significant improvement in performance over conventional discrete chip capacitors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Street violence worse than foreign war zones (1994)

who live in the world9s zones may experience less violence-related stress than children living in violent U.S. neighborhoods. Children in urban U.S. war zones, are having more psychological problems than children in the Mideast, says Kathleen Kostelny, Ph.D., research associate with the Erikson Institute for Advanced Study in Child Development. The Erikson Institute is a graduate school and research center affiliated with Loyola University in Chicago. That9s because children in real zones believe that the violence will eventually end, Kostelny says.
Adult living donor transplants-which portion of the liver to use? (2003)

Abstract Hypothesis: Few studies have investigated the results of research focused on living donor adult liver transplantation. Different characteristics between right- and left-lobe grafts have not yet been clarified in living-donor adult liver transplantation. Left-lobe grafts remain an important option, even in adult recipients. Setting: A single liver transplant center with a long history of hepatic resection. Patients: Forty-five donors received left-lobe (n = 39) and right-lobe (n = 6) grafts. The clinicopathologic data for the donor, graft, and recipient were compared. All left-lobe grafts were extended grafts that included the middle hepatic vein, and 24 of the 39 left-lobe grafts included the left caudate lobe. No right-lobe graft included a middle hepatic vein. Results: The postoperative aspartate aminotransferase and total bilirubin values of the donor in the right-lobe graft group were higher, and the postoperative hospital stay was longer than in the left-lobe graft group. Graft weight in the left-lobe graft group was lighter than in the right-lobe graft group (median weight, 450 vs 675 g). The median graft weight divided by the standard liver volume in the left-lobe graft group was 41% (range, 21%-66%), compared with 52% (range, 47%-75%) in the right-lobe graft group. We found no difference in terms of the incidence of postoperative complications between groups. No difference in induced complications of small-for-size grafts such as intractable ascites and persistent hyperbilirubinemia was evident between groups. The survival rate for grafts at 18 months was 75.0% in the right-lobe graft group compared with 85.6% in the left-lobe group. In the right-lobe graft group, we found a few cases in which a marked poor-perfusion area in the anterior segment caused liver dysfunction. Conclusions: Left-lobe grafts are a feasible option for living-donor adult liver transplantation, and in the case of right-lobe grafts, hepatic venous drainage is one of the most critical problems.