gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of peak profiles in nonlinear gas chromatography. 1. Derivation of a theoretical model (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudy of peak profiles in nonlinear gas chromatography. 1. Derivation of a theoretical modelA. Jaulmes, C. Vidal-Madjar, A. Ladurelli, and G. GuiochonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 22, 5379–5385Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150666a054https://doi.org/10.1021/j150666a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views115Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Interaction of the central analgesic, tramadol, with the uptake and release of 5‐hydroxytryptamine in the rat brain <i>in vitro</i> (1992)

1. Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic with low opioid receptor affinity and therefore presumably other mechanisms of analgesic action. Tramadol inhibits noradrenaline uptake but since 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is also involved in the modulation of pain perception, we tested the effects of tramadol on 5-HT uptake and release in vitro. 2. Tramadol inhibited the uptake of [3H]-5-HT into purified rat frontal cortex synaptosomes with an IC50 of 3.1 microM. The (+)-enantiomer was about four times more potent than the (-)-enantiomer; the main metabolite of tramadol, O-desmethyltramadol, was about ten times less potent. 3. Rat frontal cortex slices were preincubated with [3H]-5-HT, then superfused and stimulated electrically. Tramadol facilitated the basal outflow of [3H]-5-HT, at concentrations greater than 1 microM, while the uptake inhibitor 5-nitroquipazine enhanced both basal and stimulation-evoked overflow. Effects of the (+)-enantiomer were more potent than either the racemate, the (-)-enantiomer or the principal metabolite. 4. The effects of tramadol on the basal outflow of [3H]-5-HT were almost completely abolished when the superfusion medium contained a high concentration of the selective 5-HT uptake blocker, 6-nitroquipazine. 5. The results provide evidence for an interaction of tramadol with the neuronal 5-HT transporter. An intact uptake system is necessary for the enhancement of extraneuronal 5-HT concentrations by tramadol indicating an intraneuronal site of action.
Higher multiple births and the modern management of infertility in Britain (1992)

Assisted reproduction is the major cause of triplets and higher multiple births and ovarian stimulation is the single most important technique currently in use. These babies are very likely to be born pre term and make considerable demands on neonatal intensive care facilities.
About Dynamic Processing in Mainstream Music (2014)

In this article, we study the evolution of music level and music level variation between 1967 and 2011. To do so, we suggest a set of signal features, and examine the impact of limiters and compressors on a corpus of music tracks. As a result, we find that some of the dynamic processes used during music production may be retrieved from the signal. Then, we examine the evolution of studio practices in relation to dynamic processing during the past five decades, as well as the evolution of the relevant signal features. In particular, this results in a characterization of the loudness war. We find for instance that it may have peaked in 2004, resulted in reduction of peak salience, but did not result in any reduction of long-term musical dynamics.
One‐Pot Approach to Well‐Defined Biomolecular Assemblies by Orthogonal Chemoselective Ligations (2009)

Click-click cyclopeptides: Well-defined biomolecular assemblies are synthesized using orthogonal oxime bond formation and copper(I)-mediated alkyne-azide cycloaddition reactions in a stepwise or in a one-pot approach. To illustrate this strategy, regioselective ligation of biologically relevant peptides onto a cyclopeptidic scaffold was performed.
Uncooled infrared focal plane array having 128 x 128 thermopile detector elements (1994)

A 128 X 128 element thermopile infrared image sensor has been developed. This device has a monolithically integrated structure to increase fill factor. The CCD for signal charge accumulation and signal charge read-out is fabricated on the silicon surface. Over the CCD, silicon dioxide diaphragms for thermal isolation are made by using micromachining technology. On each diaphragm, 32 pairs of p-type polysilicon and n-type polysilicon thermopile are formed. The noise equivalent temperature difference obtained by the device is 0.5 degree(s)C with an f/1 lens. Since the materials used are the same as those for silicon ICs, and since the whole fabrication process is carried out at the silicon IC plant, it can be said that a low cost uncooled infrared image sensor is realized by this technology.
Proto‐Calcite and Proto‐Vaterite in Amorphous Calcium Carbonates (2010)

Amorphous order: Amorphous calcium carbonates (ACC) have an intrinsic structure relating to the crystalline polymorphs of calcite and vaterite. The proto-crystalline structures of calcite and vaterite (pc-ACC and pv-ACC) are analyzed by NMR (see picture), IR, and EXAFS spectroscopy, which shows that the structuring of ACC relates to the underlying pH-dependent equilibria.
One-Step Purification of an α(1-3)-L-Fucosyltransferase from Human Amniotic Fluid by Fetuin-Agarose Affinity Chromatography (1989)

A soluble alpha(1-3)-L-fucosyltransferase, which accepts carbohydrates of the general structure NeuAc alpha(2-3)Gal beta(1-4)GlcNAc beta-R as substrates and which is involved in the biosynthesis of the tumor-associated sialyl-LeX determinant, was purified about 125-fold from human amniotic fluid by a one-step affinity chromatography on fetuin-agarose. Upon SDS gel electrophoresis, the purified enzyme revealed a protein band with a relative molecular mass (Mr) of about 62,000. The enzyme acted equally well on sialoglycoproteins and their desialylated derivatives.
BMsweep: Locating Interior Nodes During Sweeping. (1998)

BMSweep is a new algorithm to determine the location of interior nodes while volume sweeping. BMSweep uses background mesh interpolation to locate interior nodes while sweeping two and one half dimensional volumes. Three dimensional volumes can be swept using BMSweep after being decomposed into two and one half dimensional volumes. The interpolation method provides for quality element creation while allowing the volume boundary to vary. KEYWORDS: mesh generation, sweep, background mesh, hexahedra, mapped meshing, 2.5D. 2.0 Introduction For a variety of reasons, hexahedral elements are often prefered over tetrahedral elements for use in finite element analysis[1,2]. However, unlike tetrahedral meshes, hexahedral meshes are much more constrained and, therefore, much more difficult to generate[3]. Sweeping is a technology that has received significant research in the past few years and is a method of meshing two and one half dimensional volumes with an all hex mesh [4-9]. A two and one h...
Rapid reconfiguration reduces the attentional blink (2010)

Visual attention has been conceived of as a dynamic system that configures and maintains visual input filters for specific features, objects and/or locations depending on goals and the current task demands. Temporarily losing control of this input system has been proposed as a cause of the performance impairment known as the attentional blink (AB). According to this proposal (Di Lollo, Kawahara, Ghorashi, & Enns, 2005), when the visual system is faced with identifying two masked targets presented in a rapid sequence, accurate selection and processing of the first target (T1) induces a momentary loss of control over the maintenance of input filters. This loss of control results in the impaired selection and processing of the second target (T2). The purpose of the present work was to test whether cued reconfiguration of attentional sets can be used to reduce the AB. In these dual-task experiments, T1 was not only one of the critical targets, but it also served as a cue that was either an accurate predictor of the category of T2 or it was not predictive of the category of T2. The results indicated that the severity of the AB was reduced when T1 predicted the category of T2 relative to when T1 did not accurately predict T2. These results suggest that the dynamic process of establishing and maintaining attentional sets can be rapidly reconfigured to reduce the performance decrements typically observed during the attentional blink.
Metal-ceramic constraints for multilayer electronic packages (1971)

Ceramic formulations set in an organic binder are currently being cast in thin paper-like sheets. These sheets may be punched, screened with metal pastes, and laminated to form a composite of metal and ceramic particles held together by an organic medium. By slowly burning off the organic binder and then sintering the ceramic and metal together, a substrate with many layers of interconnecting wiring may be obtained. The coincident sintering of the ceramic and metal phases presents compatibility constraints. Temperature considerations with respect to shrinkage and coefficient of expansion match between the ceramic and metal phases as well as solid/solid and solid/ambient interactions are important constraints in the fabrication of these composites. High conductivity metals (e.g., Ag, Cu) are generally not available for co-firing because sintering temperatures of important ceramic formulations are higher than the melting points of these metals. This constraint has been minimized through the use of capillary infiltration of molten metals into the ceramic structure. Consequently, it is now possible for multilayer ceramic structures to provide the interconnection wiring densities and conductivities necessary to respond to the needs of greater circuit densities of integrated circuit chips. Material selections are reviewed on the basis of electrical properties, ambient interactions, stresses due to sintering shrinkage, and thermal coefficient of expansion. Certain problems, tradeoffs, and procedures used in the fabrication of a multilayer substrate with Cu-filtrated lines are discussed.
Influence of mycorrhizae and Rhizobium on cytokinin content in drought-stressed alfalfa (1995)

The objective of this research was to study the growth response to drought of arbuscular mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal alfalfa (Medicago sativacv. Aragón) in relation to leaf cytokinin levels. In the experiment, four treatments were used: (a) plants inoculated with Clomus fasciculatum (Taxter sensu Gerd.) Gerdemann and Trappe and Rhizobium meliloti 102 F51 strain, (MR); (b) plants inoculated with only Rhizobium (RP); (c) plants inoculated with only mycorrhizae (MN); and (d) plants non-inoculated (NP). Non-mycorrhizal plants were supplemented with phosphorus and nonnodulated ones with nitrogen to achieve similar size in all treatments. Plants were subjected to drought by withholding irrigation in a cyclic way. The effects of drought on growth, number of stems, degree of senescence, and leaf cytokinin levels were measured. Results of identification of cytokinins showed that dihydrozeatin riboside (dHZR) and ortno-topolin riboside (oTR) were predominant in alfalfa leaves. Nonsymbiotic plants (NP) showed higher total cytokinin concentrations (dHZR and oTR). Under drought, NP plants showed the largest percentage drop in cytokinins and lower number of stems as well as increased degree of senescent leaf tissue relative to control values. By contrast, stressed symbiotic plants (RP, MN and MR) showed higher green leaf weight than nonsymbiotic ones (NP) due to delay of leaf senescence and maintenance (RP) or increase (MN, MR) of stem leaf cytokinin levels during drought. The relationships between growth and the different cytokinins are discussed, suggesting an important role of mycorrhizal symbiosis in maintaining cytokinin levels under drought.
Online Discriminative Structured Output SVM Learning for Multi-Target Tracking (2014)

In this letter, we propose an online discriminative learning method for feature combination during multi-target tracking. Previous works utilize offline learned weights for fusion of multiple features, which is not always effective for different tracking contexts. Our work aims to update the weights adaptively in online tracking. We formulate the feature combination problem in data association using structured output SVM, and solve it by online learning algorithm. The constraints of discriminative appearance affinity are integrated to discriminate positive associations from disturbing ones, which makes association more reliable. By comparison with five state-of-the-art methods, our proposed online tracking approach outperforms the other online methods, and is competitive with the global optimal ones.
Encapsulation of hemoglobin in phospholipid liposomes: characterization and stability (1985)

Hemoglobin is encapsulated in liposomes of different lipid composition. The resulting dispersion consists primarily of multilamellar liposomes (hemosomes) of a wide particle size distribution (diameter ranging mainly between 0.1 and 1 micron). The encapsulation efficiency is significantly larger with liposomes containing negatively charged lipids as compared to liposomes made of phosphatidylcholine. The integrity of the phospholipid bilayer is maintained in the presence of hemoglobin. The reaction rate of CO binding to encapsulated hemoglobin is reduced compared to that of free hemoglobin, but it is still greater than that observed in red blood cells. Hemoglobin encapsulated in liposomes made from negatively charged phospholipids is less stable than hemoglobin entrapped in isoelectric phosphatidylcholine. The instability of hemoglobin is due to the protein interacting with the negatively charged lipid bilayer. This interaction leads in turn to hemoglobin denaturation, possibly involving the dissociation of the heme group from the heme-globin complex. The nature of the negatively charged phospholipid is important in promoting the interaction with hemoglobin, the effect being in the order phosphatidic acid greater than phosphatidylinositol congruent to phosphatidylglycerol greater than phosphatidylserine. The presence of equimolar amounts of cholesterol in the phospholipid bilayer has a stabilizing effect on hemoglobin. This effect is pronounced with saturated phospholipids, but it is also observed, though to a lesser extent, with unsaturated ones, indicating that the bilayer fluidity has a modulating effect. The presence of cholesterol possibly interferes with secondary interactions following the binding of hemoglobin to the negatively charged lipid bilayer.
Synthesis of Poly(ethylene glycol) Block Copolymers as Potential Water-Soluble Drug Carriers (1995)

The synthesis of a model water-soluble drug carrier based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) block copolymers is described. In the copolymers, two blocks of PEG are linked by a biodegradable oligopeptide or amino acid linkage containing the glutamic acid residue. 4-Nitroaniline as a drug model is attached to the γ-carboxyl group of glutamic acid of the polymer carrier via an enzymatically degradable oligopeptide spacer. The oligopeptides used were potential substrates for chymotrypsin. The relationship between the structure of oligopeptides linking two PEG blocks and the rate of chymotrypsin-catalyzed polymer chain degradation as well as the relationship between the structure of the spacer and kinetics of drug model release from the carrier after incubation in chymotrypsin solution is discussed in detail. The results showed that by modifying the structure of oligopeptides in the polymer construct, changes in the rates of both polymer degradation and the drug model release can be achieved in a very broad range.
Retinal Thy-1 expression during development. (1996)

The Thy-1 antigen is present in the inner retina at birth. Its level increases steadily after birth and peaks during the second week of life. Thy-1 expression is approximately coterminous with synaptogenesis of the inner plexiform layer and may play a role in synaptogenesis of the inner retina or in other developmental milestones in the formation of the visual system.
Subcellular localization of vasopressin-like material in platelets. (1985)

It has recently been reported that 90% of circulating vasopressin in humans appears to be in platelets. We have confirmed these results and studied the subcellular localization and secretion of vasopressin from human platelets. Sucrose density gradient analysis showed highest relative specific activity for vasopressin in the membrane fractions. Stirring of platelet-rich plasma with a number of different platelet-aggregating agents including epinephrine, norepinephrine, arachidonic acid, collagen, adenosine diphosphate, A23187, and platelet-activating factor failed to release significant amounts of immunoreactive vasopressin, despite the expected aggregation and secretion of platelet factor 4 by these agents. Thus vasopressin appears to be primarily a platelet membrane component and is not secreted in the usual way by agents modulating platelet function.
Nanosecond modulation at 10 μm by coherent Stark switching (1982)

Coherent transient Stark switching has been investigated for potential application to low-power gigahertz modulation at 10 μm. We have observed free-induction decay and optical nutation in ammonia on a nanosecond time scale. The results suggest that subnanosecond response should be feasible and that the heterodyne beat signal will provide improved modulation depth.
Estradiol Rapidly Stimulates Dopamine Release from the Posterior Pituitary in vitro (1991)

Dopamine (DA) from both the posterior pituitary (PP) and stalk-median eminence (SME) inhibits prolactin (PRL) secretion from the anterior pituitary. Estradiol participates in the regulation of PRL release, in part by modulating DA release from the SME. However, little is known concerning the effects of estradiol on the release of DA from the PP. The objective of this study was to examine whether estradiol rapidly affects the potassium-evoked release of endogenous DA from the PP and SME in vitro. Tissues were dissected from ovariectomized rats and allowed to equilibrate in media for 30 min. Two pulses of 28 mM K+, 3 min each, were then given 30 min apart. Test substances were added 20 min before the second stimulus. DA in the media was determined by HPLC. Estradiol, at a concentration of 1 and 10 nM, significantly stimulated the potassium-evoked DA release from the PP by 34 and 47%, respectively. This stimulation was specific since 17 alpha-estradiol, a biologically inactive isomer, and testosterone, were without effects. Estradiol did not alter DA release from either the SME or isolated neural lobes of the PP. Naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, abolished the estradiol-induced stimulation of DA release from the PP. In contrast, amphetamine, a DA-releasing agent, significantly increased DA release in the presence of naloxone. In conclusion, (1) estradiol stimulates DA release from the PP but not the SME or neural lobe; this effect is rapid and stereospecific, and (2) the effects of estradiol appear to be mediated via an opioid(s) peptide(s) from the intermediate lobe.
Goal-Oriented Chatbot Dialog Management Bootstrapping with Transfer Learning (2018)

Goal-Oriented (GO) Dialogue Systems, colloquially known as goal oriented chatbots, help users achieve a predefined goal (e.g. book a movie ticket) within a closed domain. A first step is to understand the user's goal by using natural language understanding techniques. Once the goal is known, the bot must manage a dialogue to achieve that goal, which is conducted with respect to a learnt policy. The success of the dialogue system depends on the quality of the policy, which is in turn reliant on the availability of high-quality training data for the policy learning method, for instance Deep Reinforcement Learning. Due to the domain specificity, the amount of available data is typically too low to allow the training of good dialogue policies. In this paper we introduce a transfer learning method to mitigate the effects of the low in-domain data availability. Our transfer learning based approach improves the bot's success rate by 20% in relative terms for distant domains and we more than double it for close domains, compared to the model without transfer learning. Moreover, the transfer learning chatbots learn the policy up to 5 to 10 times faster. Finally, as the transfer learning approach is complementary to additional processing such as warm-starting, we show that their joint application gives the best outcomes.
A Dimensional Bus model for integrating clinical and research data (2011)

The design provides a workable way to manage and query mixed schemas in a data warehouse.
Elevated risk of arrest for Veteran's Administration behavioral health service recipients in four Florida counties. (2003)

This paper examines the relative contribution of mental and substance abuse disorders to criminal justice involvement by examining the relative risk of arrest for three groups of adult male recipients of VA behavioral health care services. These groups include men served for both substance abuse and mental health, for only substance abuse, and for only mental health. The relative risk of multiple offences is compared to relative risk of a single offense for each group. Results indicated that relative risk of multiple arrests for the dual diagnosis group is substantially greater than for either of the single diagnosis groups, and greater than the relative risk for recipients of nonbehavioral health services. Relative risk of arrest for recipients of only mental health services is no different than the relative risk for other veterans living in the region under examination.
On Reliability Metrics for Soft-Input Decoding in Presence of Channel Estimation Errors (2006)

The use of generalized logarithmic likelihood ratio (GLLR), as a metric for soft-input decoding, was shown to provide gains over the conventional logarithmic likelihood ratio (LLR). However, computational complexity of the GLLR is greater than in the case of LLR, so the choice of GLLRs must be justified by a notable performance improvement. In this paper, we investigate the judiciousness of the adoption of GLLRs or LLRs for soft decoding analyzing the performance of both metrics in two different scenarios. Metrics expressions are derived and channel estimation errors are considered in analysis and simulation. Numerical results show that GLLRs outperform LLRs but, in general, the achieved improvement is relatively small. Therefore, application of GLLR metrics requires cautious analysis.
Detection and quantification of epithelial progenitor cell populations in human healthy and IPF lungs (2016)

We provide, for the first time, a quantitative profile of the distribution of epithelial progenitor populations in human lungs. We show compelling evidence for dysregulation and aberrant differentiation of these populations in IPF.