gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of pH and VFA on Hydrolysis of Organic Solid Waste (2000)

The anaerobic hydrolysis rate of organic solid waste was studied at fixed volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations ranging from 3 to 30 g COD/L and fixed pH values between 5 and 7. For separate control of both VFA and pH, a special completely mixed reactor was designed. In this way, it was possible to distinguish between the inhibitory effects of pH, total VFA, and undissociated VFA on anaerobic hydrolysis. It was shown that hydrolysis of the organic solid waste followed first-order kinetics. Using a statistical analysis, it was found that the hydrolysis rate constant was pH dependent but was not related to the total VFA and undissociated VFA concentrations.
Genetic Tools for Select-Agent-Compliant Manipulation of <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i> (2007)

Because of Burkholderia pseudomallei's classification as a select agent in the United States, genetic manipulation of this bacterium is strictly regulated. Only a few antibiotic selection markers, including gentamicin, kanamycin, and zeocin, are currently approved for use with this bacterium, but wild-type strains are highly resistant to these antibiotics. To facilitate routine genetic manipulations of wild-type strains, several new tools were developed. A temperature-sensitive pRO1600 broad-host-range replicon was isolated and used to construct curable plasmids where the Flp and Cre recombinase genes are expressed from the rhamnose-regulated Escherichia coli P(BAD) promoter and kanamycin (nptI) and zeocin (ble) selection markers from the constitutive Burkholderia thailandensis ribosomal P(S12) or synthetic bacterial P(EM7) promoter. Flp and Cre site-specific recombination systems allow in vivo excision and recycling of nptII and ble selection markers contained on FRT or loxP cassettes. Finally, expression of Tn7 site-specific transposase from the constitutive P1 integron promoter allowed development of an efficient site-specific chromosomal integration system for B. pseudomallei. In conjunction with a natural transformation method, the utility of these new tools was demonstrated by isolating an unmarked delta(amrRAB-oprA) efflux pump mutant. Exploiting natural transformation, chromosomal DNA fragments carrying this mutation marked with zeocin resistance were transferred between the genomes of two different B. pseudomallei strains. Lastly, the deletion mutation was complemented by a chromosomally integrated mini-Tn7 element carrying the amrAB-oprA operon. The new tools allow routine select-agent-compliant genetic manipulations of B. pseudomallei and other Burkholderia species.
Determination of Dihydroquercetin in Douglas Fir and Western Larch Wood (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Dihydroquercetin in Douglas Fir and Western Larch WoodG. M. Barton and J. A. F. GardnerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1958, 30, 2, 279–281Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1958https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60134a033RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (387 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Estimating Ocean Wind Wave Spectra by Means of Underwater Sound (1972)

Measurements of the spectrum of ocean surface reradiated acoustic signals generated by an omnidirectional, sinusoidal source are used to estimate the ocean surface wave-height spectrum. Plane-wave physical optics theory is applied to a long-crested sea surface model to verify Marsh's hypothesis, that for low sea states the spectrum of acoustic waves reradiated by the rough moving sea surface consists of a specular component at the transmitted frequency and a scattered component, which is the weighted surface wave-height spectrum. The approach employs theories by Parkins, Clay and Medwin, and Pierson. The weighting function applied to the surface spectrum depends on signal frequency, experimental geometry, and mean-square wave height. CW signals at 127 and 1702 Hz were transmitted from fixed, omnidirectional sources to receivers 4.5 and 31 km downrange. Additionally, wave height was monitored continuously by resistance wave staff. The time series records of sound pressure level and ocean wave height were analyzed for spectral content. Agreement between theory and experiment is good when the acoustic sideband levels are not more than 25 dB below the level of the specular component.
Simple two-dimensional piezoelectric micropositioner for a scanning tunneling microscope (1990)

A simple piezoelectric tube device is described which allows remote micropositioning in two dimensions with step sizes from ∼50 to ∼3000 nm. Speeds up to 0.1 mm/s have been achieved. It uses the principle of inertial sliding of a mass on an accelerated support. The design is a modification of a one-dimensional device which was recently reported in the literature. The device is compact, rigid, and has low thermal drift.
Quantitation of beta-actin-specific mRNA transcripts using xeno-competitive PCR. (1993)

R M du Breuil, J M Patel, and B V Mendelow Department of Haematology, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
The Synthesis of Dialkyldithiocarbamatogold(I) Dimers (1985)

Abstract Several new dialkyldithiocarbamatogold(I) dimers of the type [Au(S2CNR2)]2, where R = i-butyl, n-octyl, n-dodecyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl, and allyl, and R2N = morpholino and piperidino, have been synthesized by the reaction, in water, of K[AuCl4] or H[AuCl4], Na2SO3, and NaS2CNR2. The complexes were characterized by IR spectroscopy, as well as elemental analysis and, where possible, mass spectral analysis.
InfiniBand virtualization on KVM (2012)

With the ability to provide on-demand service and to reduce the IT cost, cloud computing becomes more and more popular recently. Virtualization is one of the important technologies in cloud computing, whose main idea is to provide abstractions of the physical resources. However, such abstraction can cause performance degradation, especially for I/O virtualization, which is usually the performance bottleneck in cloud computing. InfiniBand is a network system that provides very low latency (less than 5us) and very high bandwidth (multiple Gbps). Due to its excellent performance, InfiniBand is commonly used in high performance computing (HPC) area. In this paper, we propose Virt-IB for InfiniBand virtualization on Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM). The main components of Virt-IB are VM IB library and Virt-IB driver. Our design processes InfiniBand APIs directly in guest VM and communicates with InfiniBand device indirectly to perform the real operations. VM IB library provides API interface and user-level InfiniBand driver. Virt-IB driver provides a channel for VM IB library to write commands into InfiniBand device indirectly. Evaluation results show that our current work is better than network virtualization and it can achieve about 50% performance of native InfiniBand.
Effects of Antioxidant Treatment on Blast-Induced Brain Injury (2013)

Blast-induced traumatic brain injury has dramatically increased in combat troops in today's military operations. We previously reported that antioxidant treatment can provide protection to the peripheral auditory end organ, the cochlea. In the present study, we examined biomarker expression in the brains of rats at different time points (3 hours to 21 days) after three successive 14 psi blast overpressure exposures to evaluate antioxidant treatment effects on blast-induced brain injury. Rats in the treatment groups received a combination of antioxidants (2,4-disulfonyl α-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone and N-acetylcysteine) one hour after blast exposure and then twice a day for the following two days. The biomarkers examined included an oxidative stress marker (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, 4-HNE), an immediate early gene (c-fos), a neural injury marker (glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP) and two axonal injury markers [amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein, APP, and 68 kDa neurofilament, NF-68]. The results demonstrate that blast exposure induced or up-regulated the following: 4-HNE production in the dorsal hippocampus commissure and the forceps major corpus callosum near the lateral ventricle; c-fos and GFAP expression in most regions of the brain, including the retrosplenial cortex, the hippocampus, the cochlear nucleus, and the inferior colliculus; and NF-68 and APP expression in the hippocampus, the auditory cortex, and the medial geniculate nucleus (MGN). Antioxidant treatment reduced the following: 4-HNE in the hippocampus and the forceps major corpus callosum, c-fos expression in the retrosplenial cortex, GFAP expression in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN), and APP and NF-68 expression in the hippocampus, auditory cortex, and MGN. This preliminary study indicates that antioxidant treatment may provide therapeutic protection to the central auditory pathway (the DCN and MGN) and the non-auditory central nervous system (hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex), suggesting that these compounds have the potential to simultaneously treat blast-induced injuries in the brain and auditory system.
Microscopically textured optical storage media (1981)

A new optical information storage technique is described which operates by irreversibly altering the absorption properties of a microscopically textured surface. Reflectance changes of greater than a factor of 100 have been obtained by local melting of the surface. A random array of Si columns with cross-sectional dimensions less than 100 nm, formed on a Si film by reactive ion etching, has a visible reflectance of less than 0.01. By irradiation with a focused laser beam, at a power density of ≲8 mW/μm2, the columns melt to form a surface with a specular reflectance of ∼0.4. The applicability of this surface structure as a permanent optical storage medium is discussed. In general, this surface texturing can be applied to a wide variety of materials with the advantages of increased sensitivity to the writing beam, large contrast between the written and unwritten areas and reduced lateral energy flow.
Dosimetric evaluation and beam characterization of pair production enhanced radiotherapy (PPER) with the use of organometallics (2019)

The current study evaluates dosimetric and spectral effects when platinum (Pt)-based chemotherapeutics and less toxic tungstophosphoric-acid (TPA) organometallics are present during x-ray radiotherapy. We hypothesize that the use of high energy photon beams (i.e. 18 MV) will increase absorbed dose due to increased pair production from high-Z elements and thus result in additional tumor cell kill. EGSnrc code was used to examine the contribution of pair production to dose in the presence of the high-Z material (TPA, Pt mixtures and tungsten, W) as a function of beam energy. Variables included different concentrations (100 µmolar, 1 mmolar), depths (5 mm, 10 cm), thicknesses (5 mm, 5 cm) and energies (6, 18 MV). Overall, for the deeper depth, the 511 keV photon fluence increase was up 31% (18 MV-1 mmolar) while at 6 MV it was between 10%-11% depending on the concentration. For the shallower depth, 18 MV fluence increase was up 14.6% (1 mmolar) and 18.6% (1 mmolar) for the 6 MV. The dose enhancement effect due to pair production was up 25%-30% and a total 33%-58% depending on the depth. The benefit related to pair production was more for 18 MV and under conditions that simulated a realistic clinical setup. While part of the effect could be attributed to photoabsorption, a significant contribution of dose could result from pair production. Experimental clonogenic survival assay was consistent with the theory in that the low dose shoulder region of a cell survival curve was reduced using TPA and 18 MV compared with TPA and 6 MV or compared with no TPA and 18 MV; RBE was approximately 2 at the dose commonly used in conventional fractionated clinical radiotherapy. This suggests a potential new strategy for dose enhancement based on pair production using higher energy beamlines.
Using lightweight virtual machines to achieve resource adaptation in middleware (2011)

Current middleware does not offer enough support to cover the demands of emerging application domains, such as embedded systems or those featuring distributed multimedia services. These kinds of applications often have timeliness constraints and yet are highly susceptible to dynamic and unexpected changes in their environment. There is then a clear need to introduce adaptation in order for these applications to deal with such unpredictable changes. Resource adaptation can be achieved by using scheduling or allocation algorithms, for large-scale applications, but such a task can be complex and error-prone. Virtual machines (VMs) represent a higher-level approach, whereby resources can be managed without dealing with lower-level details, such as scheduling algorithms, scheduling parameters and so on. However, the overhead penalty imposed by traditional VMs is unsuitable for real-time applications. On the other hand, virtualisation has not been previously exploited as a means to achieve resource adaptation. This study presents a lightweight VM framework that exploits application-level virtualisation to achieve resource adaptation in middleware for soft real-time applications. Experimental results are presented to validate the approach.
Review of Photoionization Detection in Gas Chromatography: The First Decade (1985)

Journal Article Review of Photoionization Detection in Gas Chromatography: The First Decade Get access J.N. Driscoll J.N. Driscoll HNU Systems, Inc., 160 Charlemont Street, Newton, Massachusetts 02161 John N. Driscoll, founder and president of HNU Systems, Inc., received his A.S. in chemical engineering from the Franklin Institute and his B.S. in chemistry from Suffolk University. He obtained his M.A. in physical chemistry from Boston University. He has been instrumental in the development of photoionization detectors for commercial use, as well as the development of ternary electrochemical sensors. Mr. Driscoll also developed a novel vacuum UV photodiode which led to the development of a far UV absorbance detector for gas chromatography. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Chromatographic Science, Volume 23, Issue 11, November 1985, Pages 488–492, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/23.11.488 Published: 01 November 1985 Article history Received: 01 August 1985 Revision received: 11 October 1985 Published: 01 November 1985
[The inhibition of yohimbine injected intrathecally on electroacupuncture-induced analgesia and release of beta-endorphin from rat brain]. (1996)

Yohimbine (30 micrograms/8 microliters, ith), an antagonist of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor, can inhibit electroacupuncture-induced analgesia (EAA) for 15 min, with its biggest effect reducing the pain threshold of electroacupuncture (EA) to the level of sham electroacupuncture (SEA). Yohmbine also completely inhibit the increase of beta-endorphin in the push-pull liquids from ventriculus lateralis cerebri caused by EA. But yohimbine itself produce no effect on pain threshold and the concentration of beta-endorphin. These results suggest that EAA and the increased release of beta-endorphin caused by EA are related to the activation of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor in the spinal cord.
A recombinant autoantigen derived from the human (u1) small nuclear rnp‐specific 68‐kd protein (1988)

A human liver complementary DNA expression library was screened using sera from patients with high titers of autoantibodies, to search for clones expressing major autoantigens that are relevant in connective tissue diseases. One of the clones isolated expressed a major epitope(s) that was immunoreactive with anti-U1 RNP sera, as shown by several techniques. Affinity-purified autoantibodies from the cloned RNP protein specifically recognized the 68-kd U1 RNP protein of HeLa cell nuclear extracts. All sera containing anti-U1 RNP antibodies detected by immunodiffusion, counterimmunoelectrophoresis, or immunoblotting also recognized the cloned RNP protein. The RNP antigen-expressing bacterial colonies and the partially purified cloned RNP fusion protein have been applied to fast and sensitive immunologic assays for the detection and quantification of anti-U1 RNP antibodies.
Accepted from open call - Multicast mechanism for UMTS (2006)

This article aims to investigate multicast deployment issues and requirements in the context of UMTS networks. We propose a multicast mechanism that supports resource-efficient multicast packet delivery. The proposed scheme allows multicast packets to be transferred in an optimal manner on shared links toward multiple destinations. We describe the mechanisms of the proposed scheme in establishing multicast tunnels within the network and performing group management. We explore the differences between the proposed scheme and the multimedia broadcast/multicast service of the 3GPP, and outline the advantages and disadvantages of both multicast schemes.
Who Cares about the Commons? (2003)

(2003). Who Cares about the Commons? Capitalism Nature Socialism: Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 1-41.
Application of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide to Fruit and Vegetables: Extraction, Processing, and Preservation (2012)

Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) has been found to be a valuable technology for processing and preservation of fruit and vegetables. It has been employed for the inactivation of microorganisms and enzymes in fruit and vegetable products such as juices, purees, and smoothies. SCCO2 is also an effective and green technology for the extraction of bioactive compounds (carotenoids, flavonoids, phenols, etc.) from fruit and vegetables, owing to the relatively low temperature used and the production of extracts without organic solvents. The extraction capability and range of molecules extracted by SCCO2 can be further improved by a reduction in particle size of the extraction substrate and by incorporating the use of solvents. Although high capital costs are associated with SCCO2 technology, operating costs are relatively low. This paper reviews recent developments in the application of SCCO2 specifically in the fruit and vegetable processing industries. Given the strong benefits of SCCO2 technology and the success of niche commercial applications to date, it is likely that this technology will be increasingly adopted in the fruit and vegetable industries.
Wide-band millimeter wave characterization of sub-0.2 micrometer gate-length AlInAs/GaInAs HEMTs (1991)

The S-parameters of an AlInAs/GaInAs high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) were measured using a picosecond optoelectronic system over a bandwidth of 100 GHz. These picosecond optoelectronic measurements were validated by comparing low-frequency measurements to those obtained using an on-wafer RF probes/vector network analyzer, and W-band results to measurements conducted using a waveguide-to-microstrip transition/vector network analyzer frequency extender. This is the widest bandwidth of measured S-parameters reported on a single transistor.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fourier Transform Infrared and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Treated Salicylic Acid and Sparfloxacin (2015)

Salicylic acid is a naturally occurring derivative of benzoic acid, and widely used in organic synthesis and as a plant hormone. Sparfloxacin is fluorinated quinolone antibiotic having broad spectrum antimicrobial property. The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on spectral properties of salicylic acid and sparfloxacin using FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques. The study was carried out in two groups, one was set to control, and another was subjected to biofield treatment. FT-IR spectrum of treated salicylic acid showed the upstream shifting in wavenumber of C-H stretching from 2999 to 3004 cm-1 and 2831 to 2837 cm-1 and C=O asymmetric stretching vibration from 1670 to 1683 cm-1 and 1652 to 1662 cm-1. The peak intensity in treated salicylic acid at 1558 cm-1 (aromatic C=C stretching) and 1501 cm-1 (C-C stretching) was increased as compared to control. FT-IR spectrum of treated sparfloxacin showed a downstream shifting in wavenumber of C-H stretching from 2961 to 2955 cm-1 and 2848 to 2818 cm-1, and upstream shifting in wavenumber of C=O (pyridone) stretching from 1641 to 1648 cm-1. Besides, increased intensity of peaks in treated sparfloxacin was found at 1628 cm-1 [C=C stretching (pyridone)] and 1507 cm-1 (N-H bending) as compared to control. UV spectrum of biofield treated salicylic acid exhibited a shifting of wavelength (λmax) from 295.8 to 302.4 nm and 231.2 to 234.4 nm, with respect to control. Likewise, biofield treated sparfloxacin showed the shifting in UV wavelength (λmax) from 373.8 to 380.6 nm and 224.2 to 209.2 nm. Over all, the results suggest that alteration in wavenumber of IR peaks in treated samples might be occurred due to biofield induced alteration in force constant and dipole moment of some bonds. The changes in UV wavelength (λmax) of treated sample also support the FT-IR results. Due to alteration in force constant and bond strength, the chemical stability of structure of treated drugs might also be increased, which could be beneficial for self-life of biofield treated drugs.
High‐affinity kainate a domoate receptors in rat brain (1992)

Mammalian brain expresses receptors which bind the potent neurotoxins, kainate and domoate, with high affinity, and which form a subclass of ionotropic glutamate receptors. A new member of these receptors, expressed in both adult and embryonic CNS is compared in its ligand binding properties to its closely sequence-related homologs.
Multifrequency operation of microstrip antennas using aperture-coupled parallel resonators (1992)

A microstrip antenna composed of parallel dipole resonators of different lengths fed by a rectangular slot cut in the ground plane of a microstrip line is analyzed using an integral equation technique solved in the spectral domain using the Galerkin method of moments. Multifrequency operation of this antenna is demonstrated using two different configurations. Experimental data are shown to be in good agreement with predicted results. The fundamental parameters influencing the realization of multifrequency operation, as well as impedance matching of the different resonances, are studied. Lastly, the radiation patterns of the antenna at different frequencies and the relative contribution of the dipoles to the radiation are investigated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>