gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Bonding Strategy via Room Temperature “Chemical Gluing” (2009)

Here we propose a new scheme for bonding poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), namely, a "chemical gluing", at room temperature by anchoring chemical functionalities on the surfaces of PDMS. Aminosilane and epoxysilane are anchored separately on the surfaces of two PDMS substrates, the reaction of which are well-known to form a strong amine-epoxy bond, therefore acting as a chemical glue. The bonding is performed for 1 h at room temperature without employing heat. We characterize the surface properties and composition by contact angle measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, and fluorescence measurement to confirm the formation of surface functionalities and investigate the adhesion strength by means of pulling, tearing, and leakage tests. As confirmed by the above-mentioned analyses and tests, PDMS surfaces were successfully modified with amine and epoxy functionalities, and a bonding based on the amine-epoxy chemical gluing was successfully realized within 1 h at room temperature. The bonding was sufficiently robust to tolerate intense introduction of liquid whose per minute injection volume was almost 2000 times larger than the total internal volume of the microchannel used. In addition to the bonding of PDMS-PDMS homogeneous assembly, the bonding of the PDMS-poly(ethylene terephthalate) heterogeneous assembly was also examined. We also investigate the potential use of the multifunctionalized walls inside the microchannel, generated as a consequence of the chemical gluing, as a platform for the targeted immobilization.
Bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia in carcinomatous meningitis. (1983)

A 53-year-old man with oat cell carcinoma of the lung developed a bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia in association with carcinomatous meningitis. While bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia has been described in one case of cryptococcal meningitis, this is the first reported case occurring in association with carcinomatous meningitis.
Activation of Receptor-operated Cation Channels via P2X1 Not P2T Purinoceptors in Human Platelets (1996)

We have investigated the purinoceptor subtypes responsible for calcium signaling in human platelets, which previous studies have shown to involve both Ca2+ influx via receptor-operated cation channels and release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Fura-2 measurements of [Ca2+]i in stirred platelet suspensions showed that both ADP (40 microM) and the non-hydrolyzable ATP analogue alphabeta-meATP (alpha, beta-methyleneadenosine 5-triphosphate, 10 microM) activated a rapid Ca2+ influx whereas only ADP mobilized Ca2+ from internal stores. In "nystatin" whole-cell patch clamp recordings, ATP, ADP, and the non-hydrolyzable ATP analogues, alpha, beta-meATP and ATPgammaS (adenosine 5 -O-(3-thiotriphosphate), all activated a cation channel permeable to both monovalent and divalent cations with a single-channel conductance of 11 picosiemens in NaCl saline. The current response to ATP (40 microM) was activated within 20 ms and desensitized with a time constant of 47-107 ms in the continued presence of agonist, which are characteristics of P2X1 receptors in other tissues. We conclude that human platelets possess a P2X1 purinoceptor, which mediates a rapid phase of ADP- or ATP-evoked Ca2+ entry via a cation channel, whereas one or more separate ADP-selective P2 purinoceptors evoke release of calcium from intracellular stores.
Volatile components of ripe tomatoes and their juices, purees and pastes. (1983)

Volatile components in neutral, basic, phenolic and acidic fractions of the steam-distillate and in headspace gas trapped from two varieties of fully ripe tomato fruits and their juices, purées and pastes were analyzed by GC and GC-MS using a glass capillary column. One hundred and fifty-four compounds were identified : they were 3 sulfides, 10 aromatic hydrocarbons, 4 terpene hydrocarbons, 27 alcohols, 26 aldehydes, 13 ketones, 17 esters, 2 lactones, 7 furans, 4 pyrroles, 2 pyridines, 2 pyrazines, 2 thiazoles, 12 phenols, 16 carboxylic acids and 7 others. Of these, 39 compounds were identified for the first time in tomato fruits and their products. Generally, with the advance of the processing degree from tomato fruits to pastes, decrement of low-boiling components and increment of middle to high-boiling components were observed. In tomato purées and pastes, 14 components, which were detected in tomato fruits and juices, disappeared and 11 components, pyrrole, 2, 5-dimethylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-formylpyrrole, 2-methylpyrazine, 2, 6-dimethylpyrazine, dibenzofuran, o-phenylanisole, farnesol, indole and diphenylamine, were newly produced. 2-Acetylpyrrole, 2-formylpyrrole and the above pyrazines, which have respectively a burnt odor, are considered to be important for the characteristic heated aroma of tomato purée and paste.
Advanced Biological and Chemical Discovery (ABCD):  Centralizing Discovery Knowledge in an Inherently Decentralized World (2007)

We present ABCD, an integrated drug discovery informatics platform developed at Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C. ABCD is an attempt to bridge multiple continents, data systems, and cultures using modern information technology and to provide scientists with tools that allow them to analyze multifactorial SAR and make informed, data-driven decisions. The system consists of three major components: (1) a data warehouse, which combines data from multiple chemical and pharmacological transactional databases, designed for supreme query performance; (2) a state-of-the-art application suite, which facilitates data upload, retrieval, mining, and reporting, and (3) a workspace, which facilitates collaboration and data sharing by allowing users to share queries, templates, results, and reports across project teams, campuses, and other organizational units. Chemical intelligence, performance, and analytical sophistication lie at the heart of the new system, which was developed entirely in-house. ABCD is used routinely by more than 1000 scientists around the world and is rapidly expanding into other functional areas within the J&J organization.
Crystal structure of human Mediator subunit MED23 (2018)

The Mediator complex transduces regulatory information from enhancers to promoters and performs essential roles in the initiation of transcription in eukaryotes. Human Mediator comprises 26 subunits forming three modules termed Head, Middle and Tail. Here we present the 2.8 Å crystal structure of MED23, the largest subunit from the human Tail module. The structure identifies 25 HEAT repeats-like motifs organized into 5 α-solenoids. MED23 adopts an arch-shaped conformation, with an N-terminal domain (Nter) protruding from a large core region. In the core four solenoids, motifs wrap on themselves, creating triangular-shaped structural motifs on both faces of the arch, with extended grooves propagating through the interfaces between the solenoid motifs. MED23 is known to interact with several specific transcription activators and is involved in splicing, elongation, and post-transcriptional events. The structure rationalizes previous biochemical observations and paves the way for improved understanding of the cross-talk between Mediator and transcriptional activators.
A Broad-Band Ferrite Reflective Switch (Correspondence) (1960)

Several types of reflective ferrite switches have recently been described in the literature. These have typically made use either of the Faraday rotation effect or of a waveguide cutoff induced by a transversely-magnetized ferrite slab. A different and very simple type of switch, which exhibits similar reflective behavior, may also be obtained by the use of a short section of heavily-loaded (or filled) coax, stripline, or waveguide.
Synthesis and Characterization of Amorphous Partially Aliphatic Polyimide Copolymers Based on Bisphenol-A Dianhydride (2002)

Partially aliphatic, high molecular weight polyimide copolymers were successfully synthesized using an ester−acid high-temperature solution imidization route by which noncrystalline, soluble materials were obtained. Variations in the aliphatic content produced a series of polyimides having different glass transition temperatures and processing characteristics. The ester−acid reaction pathway eliminated the need for anhydrous solvents and overcame the problem of salt formation commonly observed for nucleophilic, more basic, aliphatic amines prepared by the traditional poly(amic acid) synthesis route. Partially aliphatic polyimides containing either a cycloaliphatic diamine or aliphatic diamines with 6 or 12 methylene units were synthesized. Each copolymer was characterized by its molecular weight, glass transition temperature, thermal stability, coefficient of thermal expansion, refractive index, and dielectric constant. Structure−property relationships were established. The γ and β sub-Tg viscoelastic relaxations were explored in order to understand their molecular origins.
Increasing the stable operating range of a Mach 2.5 inlet (1970)

Stable operating range of supersonic mixed compression inlet increase by air flow removal via throat bleed system
Pareto process as a model of self-similar packet traffic (2002)

In the past few years packet traffic from various sources-Ethernet, ISDN, CCSN and VBR video-has been shown to exhibit self-similarity, and related properties of long range correlation, slowly decaying variances and fractal dimensions. This discovery has motivated research into unconventional traffic models such as fractional Brownian motion, fractional ARIMA and chaotic maps. These models explain certain queueing effects in packet networks that are difficult to explain using conventional traffic models. We argue that such exotic models may not be needed to describe self-similar traffic. We analyze the G/M/1 queue with Pareto input. Although a renewal process, and solvable by standard methods, the Pareto process generates self-similar arrivals. Its long range dependence produces qualitatively different queueing behavior from exponential models. In particular, delays can rise sharply for /spl rho/ much less than one.
High-Temperature Nucleation of Cubic Silicon Carbide on (0001) Hexagonal-SiC Nominal Surfaces (2006)

The development of 3C-SiC crystals from <0001> oriented hexagonal seed has always suffered from systematic twinning that appears during the nucleation step of the layer. To investigate the possibility to reduce or eliminate the incoherent twin boundaries at high temperature (for conditions close to bulk growth ones), we conducted an experimental study on 3C-SiC nucleation. A mechanism for the selection of one 3C-SiC orientation among the two possible is proposed. It is based on a strong interaction between the α-SiC substrate steps and the anisotropic lateral expansion of the β-SiC domains. This model is confirmed by cross-sectional high resolution transmission microscopy observations of the α−β interface. The mechanism is discussed with respect to the surface polarity (Si or C faces), the miscut angle, and the substrate polytype.
60-GHz flip-chip assembled MIC design considering chip-substrate effect (1997)

In this paper, 60-GHz microwave integrated circuits (MIC's) with flip chip assembled 0.1-/spl mu/m-gate GaAs pseudomorphic high electron-mobility transistors (p-HEMT's) are demonstrated. To clarify the millimeter-wave characteristics of the flip-chip assembled structure, the parameters for the assembly equivalent circuit are examined using three-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic-field analysis. The analytical results indicate that the optimum height of the bump is 30 /spl mu/m to minimize degradation of the millimeter-wave characteristics. A 60-GHz-band MIC two-stage amplifier and 30/60-GHz frequency doubler designed using the results of the field analysis have been fabricated. The amplifier has maximum gain of 12.8 dB at 58.6 GHz, P/sub 1dB/ of 12.9 dBm has been obtained at 60 GHz. A 30/60-GHz frequency doubler has maximum conversion gain of 0.4 dB and fundamental frequency suppression of -23.0 dB at the input frequency of 30.4 GHz. Good agreement between the measured and the simulated results demonstrates the potential of the structure and design method.
Cataract surgery and methods of wound closure: a review (2015)

Clear corneal incisions are routinely used in cataract surgery, but watertight wound closure may not always be achieved, which can increase the risk for anterior chamber fluid egress or ocular surface fluid ingress. A new US Food and Drug Administration-approved ocular sealant appears to have good efficacy in sealing clear corneal incisions; its use may be indicated when wound integrity is in question.
The Influence of Operating Systems on the Performance of Collective Operations at Extreme Scale (2006)

We investigate operating system noise, which we identify as one of the main reasons for a lack of synchronicity in parallel applications. Using a microbenchmark, we measure the noise on several contemporary platforms and find that, even with a general-purpose operating system, noise can be limited if certain precautions are taken. We then inject artificially generated noise into a massively parallel system and measure its influence on the performance of collective operations. Our experiments indicate that on extreme-scale platforms, the performance is correlated with the largest interruption to the application, even if the probability of such an interruption is extremely small. We demonstrate that synchronizing the noise can significantly reduce its negative influence
Dermatopharmacology of a new combination gel formulation for the topical treatment of acne. (2001)

A topical gel formulation has recently become available that stably combines 5% benzoyl peroxide and 1% clindamycin as phosphate, providing a convenient and effective multimodal therapy for acne vulgaris. A series of clinical investigations demonstrated that systemic exposure to clindamycin and degradation of clindamycin by the highly reactive benzoyl peroxide is minimal following a single application of the new formulation. Furthermore, the combination gel was similar to benzoyl peroxide in its irritation potential and ability to induce contact sensitization and has no phototoxic or photosensitization potential.
Inhibition of Collagen α1(I) Expression by the 5′ Stem-Loop as a Molecular Decoy (2002)

Collagen alpha1(I) mRNA is posttranscriptionally regulated in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Binding of protein factors to the evolutionary conserved stem-loop in the 5'-untranslated region (5' stem-loop) is required for a high level of expression in activated HSCs. The 5' stem-loop is also found in alpha2(I) and alpha1(III) mRNAs. Titration of the 5' stem-loop binding factors by a stably expressed RNA containing the 5' stem-loop (molecular decoy) may decrease the expression of these collagen mRNAs. We designed a 108-nt RNA that is transcribed from the optimized mouse U7 small nuclear RNA gene and contains the 5' stem-loop (p74WT decoy). This decoy accumulates in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. When expressed in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, the p74WT decoy decreased collagen alpha1(I) mRNA level by 60% and decreased collagen type I secreted into the cellular medium by 50%. We also expressed this decoy in quiescent rat HSCs by adenoviral gene transfer. Quiescent HSCs undergo activation in culture, resulting in a 60-70-fold increase in collagen alpha1(I) mRNA. The decoy decreases collagen alpha1(I) mRNA expression by 50-60% during activation of HSCs. It also decreases collagen alpha2(I) mRNA expression and collagen alpha1(III) mRNA expression. The cellular levels of collagen alpha1(I) propeptide and of disulfide-bonded collagen type I trimer are reduced by 70%. However, the p74WT decoy did not decrease alpha smooth muscle actin protein or the mRNA levels of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and interleukin-6. The p74WT decoy was also introduced into activated human HSCs. In these cells, the decoy decreased collagen alpha1(I) propeptide and disulfide-bonded collagen trimer by 50-60%. These results indicate that the 5' stem-loop specifically regulates fibrillar collagen synthesis and represents a novel target for antifibrotic therapy. The molecular decoys provide a generalized method of assessing the functional significance of blocking the interactions of mRNA and proteins.
Metallography and Microstructures of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels (2004)

Abstract This article describes the microstructure and metallographic practices used for medium- to high-carbon steels as well as for low-alloy steels. It explains the microstructural constituents of plain carbon and low-alloy steels, including ferrite, pearlite, and cementite. The article provides information on how to reveal the various constituents using proven metallographic procedures for both macrostructural and microstructural examination. Emphasis is placed on the specimen preparation procedures such as sectioning, mounting, grinding, and polishing. The article illustrates the use of proven etching techniques for plain carbon and low-alloy steels.
Glycopeptide susceptibility among Danish Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis isolates of animal and human origin and PCR identification of genes within the VanA cluster (1996)

The MICs of vancomycin and avoparcin were determined for isolates of Enterococcus faecium and isolates of Enterococcus faecalis recovered from the feces of humans and animals in Denmark. Two hundred twenty-one of 376 (59%) isolates of E. faecium and 2 of 133 (1.5%) isolates of E. faecalis were resistant to vancomycin (MICs, 128 to > or = 256 micrograms/ml), and all vancomycin-resistant isolates were resistant to avoparcin (MICs, 64 to > or = 256 micrograms/ml). All vancomycin-resistant isolates examined carried the vanA, vanX, and vanR genes, suggesting that a gene cluster similar to that of the transposon Tn1546 was responsible for the resistance.
Whey proteins as microencapsulating agents. Microencapsulation of anhydrous milkfat: structure evaluation (1993)

Microencapsulation of milkfat may open new fields of application for this milk constituent by transforming it into dry and stable powder. Research has been undertaken to study the microstructure of whey protein based, anhydrous milkfat-containing, spray-dried microcapsules. Whey protein concentrates of 50% and 75% protein and whey protein isolate were evaluated as microencapsulating agents (wall materials). The effects of wall composition, fat load , and drying conditions on the capsule's structure were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Spherical capsules with smooth , wrinkle-free surfaces were observed in all cases. Whey protein isolate-based microcapsules dried at a temperature higher than 105 °C were free of surface indentation and only a limited extent of indentation was observed when whey protein concentrate served as the wall material. Microcapsules prepared from emulsions containing more than 10% wall solids and dried at I6o•c exhibited no cracks or holes. Comparing the microstructure of spray-dried microcapsules with and without milkfat (prepared under the same conditions) suggested that high milkfat load limits the extent of surface indentation. The milkfat was encapsulated as 50-600 nm particles that were uniformly distributed throughout the interior of the wall matrices . No visible pores or cracks exposing the core material to the environment were detected. Theresults suggest that whey proteins can be considered as microencapsulating agents for anhydrous milkfat.
Recognition molecules and neural repair (2006)

Neural recognition molecules were discovered and characterized initially for their functional roles in cell adhesion as regulators of affinity between cells and the extracellular matrix in vitro. They were then recognized as mediators or co-receptors which trigger signal transduction mechanisms affecting cell adhesion and de-adhesion. Their involvement in contact attraction and repulsion relies on cell-intrinsic properties that are modulated by the spatial contexts of their expression at particular stages of ontogenetic development, in synaptic plasticity and during regeneration after injury. The functional roles of recognition molecules in cell proliferation and migration, determination of developmental fate, growth cone guidance, and synapse formation, stabilization and modulation have been well documented not only by in vitro, but also by in vivo studies that have been greatly aided by generation of genetically altered mice. More recently, the functions of recognition molecules have been investigated under conditions of neural repair and manipulated using a broad range of genetic and pharmacological approaches to achieve a beneficial outcome. The principal aim of most therapeutically oriented approaches has been to neutralize inhibitory factors. However, less attention has been paid to enhancing repair by stimulating the stimulatory factors. When considering potential therapeutic strategies, it is worth considering that a single recognition molecule can possess domains that are conducive or repellent and that the spatial distribution of recognition molecules can determine the overall function: Recognition molecules may be repellent for neurite outgrowth when presented as barriers or steep-concentration gradients and conducive when presented as uniform substrates. The focus of this review will be on the more recent attempts to study the conducive mechanisms with the expectation that they may be able to tip the balance from a regeneration inhospitable to a hospitable environment. It is likely that a combination of the two principles, as multifactorial as each principle may be in itself, will be of therapeutic value in humans.
Flame Retardancy Mechanisms of Aluminium Phosphinate in Combination with Melamine Cyanurate in Glass‐Fibre‐Reinforced Poly(1,4‐butylene terephthalate) (2008)

Abstract The flame retardancy mechanisms of aluminium diethylphosphinate (AlPi) and its combination with melamine cyanurate (MC) in glass‐fibre‐reinforced poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT/GF) were analysed using TGA including evolved gas analysis (TGA‐FTIR), cone calorimeter measurements using various irradiations, flammability tests (limited oxygen index, LOI, UL 94) and chemical analyses of residues (FTIR, SEM/EDX). AlPi decomposed mainly through the formation of diethylphosphinic acid and aluminium phosphate and influenced the decomposition of the PBT only slightly. AlPi acted mainly through flame inhibition. A halogen‐free V‐0 PBT/GF material was achieved with a LOI of 44%. Additional charring influenced the flammability. MC decomposed independently of the polymer and showed some fuel dilution effects. magnified image
가례도감의궤에 나타난 조선왕조궁중가례차림고 - 1744년 장조 헌경후 1819년 문조 신정후 가례 동뢰연 - (1991)

To analyze wedding feast dishes of royal prince of Chosun Dynasty(1744, 1819), the author studied historic book-GareDogamEuigwae, in which the wedding feast dishes of King and Prince in Chosun Dynasty were described. The results obtained from the study were as follows, 1. Arranged dishes in wedding ceremony were four kinds of table, main table, second table, third table and fourth table. That table setting was same as that of the year 1651. 2. Meal ceremonies were in sacrificial food partaking, drinking ceremony and courtesy of levee. 3. In wedding ceremony, prince and princess drank three cups of liquor. At the first cup they eat abalones soup and others in a small round table(初味), at the second cup fine noodles and others in another table(二味), at the third cup bun stuffed with fish and others in the other table(三味). 4. In sacrificial food partaking and drinking ceremony, King drank nine cups of liquor, at first cup, King eats a small boiled beef(小膳) and (初味), at second cup eats(二味), at third cup eats(三味),…, at nineth cup, King eats a soup, a large boiled beef(大膳) and fruits. 5. Dish materials and quantities used for wedding ceremony in the year of 1819 was same as that of the year 1651.