gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Secretion of Cytokines in Breast Cancer Cells: The Molecular Mechanism of Procathepsin D Proliferative Effects (2007)

Procathepsin D (pCD) is a major secreted protein in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cell lines. Several independent studies have documented pronounced mitogenic effect of secreted pCD on cancer tissue-derived cell lines, including those from breast, lung, and prostate cancer. It has also been shown that the proliferative effect of pCD involves both autocrine and paracrine modes of action. Recent studies have suggested that pCD could act as a key paracrine communicator between cancer and stromal cells. We have shown earlier that the proliferative activity of pCD depends on the activation peptide sequence of pCD. The present study casts light on the mechanism by which pCD influences the proliferation of cancer cells expressing the ER. Results described in the current paper clearly show that pCD initiates secretion of cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta and (MIP-1beta) from such tumor cells. Secreted cytokines take part in the proliferation of the cancer cells, as proven by selective inhibition using antibodies. In addition, expression of cytokine receptors on tested cell lines corresponded to the effects of individual cytokines. An analogous pattern was also observed for fibroblasts, which, under physiologic conditions, are the cells in closest contact with the tumor tissue and play a role in tumor growth and invasion. Our observations were further supported by coculture experiments that are in agreement. Although very similar in response to addition of pCD, the invasive ER- cells do not secrete cytokines. Together with previous in vivo results, these data point to pCD as one of key molecules for therapeutic attack in breast cancer.
Experimental and computational evaluation of the barrier to torsional rotation in a butadiyne-linked porphyrin dimer (2016)

The barrier to torsional rotation in a butadiyne-linked porphyrin dimer has been determined in solution using variable temperature UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy: ΔH = 5.27 ± 0.03 kJ mol(-1), ΔS = 10.69 ± 0.14 J K(-1) mol(-1). The value of ΔH agrees well with theoretical predictions. Quantum chemical calculations (DFT) were used to predict the torsion angle dependence of the absorption spectrum, and to calculate the vibronic fine structure of the S0 → S1 absorption for the planar dimer, showing that the absorption band of the planar conformer has a vibronic component overlapping with the 〈0|0〉 absorption of the perpendicular conformer. The torsion barrier in the porphyrin dimer is higher than that of 1,4-diphenylbutadiyne (calculated ΔH = 1.1 kJ mol(-1)). Crystallographic bond lengths and IR vibrational frequencies confirm that there is a greater contribution of the cumulenic resonance form in butadiyne-linked porphyrin dimers than in 1,4-diphenylbutadiyne. The DFT frontier orbitals of the twisted conformer of the porphyrin dimer are helical, when calculated in the absence of symmetry. The helical character of these orbitals disappears when D2d symmetry is enforced in the 90° twisted conformer. Helical representations of the frontier orbitals can be generated by linear combinations of the more localised orbitals from a symmetry-constrained calculation but they do not indicate π-conjugation. This work provides insights into the relationship between electronic structure and conformation in alkyne-linked conjugated oligomers.
Nitridation of High‐Purity Silicon (1976)

The kinetics and morphology of the growth of nitride on spec‐trographically pure Si were investigated in the range 1250° to 1370°C for N 2 pressures of 20 to 760 torr. A model is presented which explains all the observations. The initial linear kinetics are associated with the growth of individual nitride nuclei. As the nuclei coalesce, the reaction rate steadily decreases, finally falling effectively to zero when the Si is completely covered with nitride. The model indicates how the microstructure of reaction‐sintered Si 3 N 4 may be controlled.
Se puede educar con preguntas (2011)

Se trata de destacar las tesis que defiende Pedro Ortega Campos en su libro Educar preguntando.La ayuda filosofica en el aula y en la vida (2005); obra de madurez de un docente y terapeuta, autentico pionero en Espana de las practicas filosoficas, dentro de la tradicion orteguiana de la razon vital. La filosofia se presenta como una herramienta del preguntar radical que interpela a cada uno, pero no un preguntar cualquiera, sino aquel que a traves del a companamiento (docente, terapeutico, etc.) y del ejercicio del pensamiento permite una conversion de la persona a la realidad, y no a la inversa, sustrayendola de los enganos, sirviendole de orientacion en el mundo y de apertura compasiva hacia el otro.
Modeling deep bidirectional relationships for image classification and generation (2016)

This paper presents a novel probabilistic model that represents a joint probability of two visible variables with a deep architecture, called a deep relational model (DRM). The model stacks several layers from one visible layer on to another visible layer, sandwiching hidden layers between them. As with restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) and deep Boltzmann machines (DBMs), all connections (weights) between two adjacent layers are undirected. During the maximum-likelihood (ML)-based training, the network attempts to capture latent complex relationships between two visible variables (e.g., an image showing a certain number and its corresponding label) thanks to its deep architecture. Unlike deep neural networks, 1) the proposed DRM is a totally generative model, and 2) the weights can be optimized in a probabilistic manner. This paper presents and discusses the experiments conduced to evaluate our DRM's performance in recognition and generation tasks.
Complications of First Craniotomy for Intra-Axial Brain Tumour (1994)

Complications were examined in a single surgeon's series of 207 consecutive adult patients undergoing first craniotomy for intra-axial brain tumour. The study group consisted of 114 gliomas, 74 metastatic tumours and 19 miscellaneous lesions. There were 25 infratentorial tumours and 182 supratentorial tumours (39 deep and 143 superficial). The total number of patients sustaining complications was 52 for an overall complication rate of 25.1%; the rate was higher for infratentorial tumours (44.0%) than supratentorial tumours (22.8%) regardless of histology (p = 0.012). There were 5 deaths for a mortality rate of 2.4%. Forty-seven patients incurred operative morbidity (22.7%); 7 out of the 47 had multiple complications. Sixteen patients sustained transient worsening due to edema (7.7%) and 6 patients sustained permanent neurological deficit (2.9%). Medical complications were suffered by 17 patients (8.2%). Major complications which significantly altered the quality and/or quantity of survival were suffered by 9 patients overall (4.3%).
Techniques for Efficient Processing in Runahead Execution Engines (2005)

Runahead execution is a technique that improves processor performance by pre-executing the running application instead of stalling the processor when a long-latency cache miss occurs. Previous research has shown that this technique significantly improves processor performance. However, the efficiency of runahead execution, which directly affects the dynamic energy consumed by a runahead processor, has not been explored. A runahead processor executes significantly more instructions than a traditionalout-of-order processor, sometimes without providing any performance benefit, which makes it inefficient. In this paper, we describe the causes of inefficiency in runahead execution and propose techniques to make a runahead processor more efficient, thereby reducing its energy consumption and possibly increasing its performance. Our analyses and results provide two major insights: (1) the efficiency of runahead execution can be greatly improved with simple techniques that reduce the number of short, overlapping, and useless runahead periods, which we identify as the three major causes of inefficiency, (2) simple optimizations targeting the increase of useful prefetches generated in runahead mode can increase both the performance and efficiency of a runahead processor. The techniques we propose reduce the increase in the number of instructions executed due to runahead execution from 26.5% to 6.2%, on average, without significantly affecting the performance improvement provided by runahead execution.
Multi-User, Time-Reversal UWB Communication for Railway Systems (2007)

In this paper we propose to apply Time Reversal (TR) technique and UWB radio technology for railway signalization systems. UWB technology has the potential to offer simultaneous ground-to-train communication, train location and obstacle detection in front of the trains. Time Reversal channel prefiltering facilitates signal detection and helps to reduce interference effect. Thus, UWB-TR combination provides a challenging, economically sensible, as well as technically effective alternative solution to existing technologies used in signaling systems. This paper concentrates on the communication question and reports a performance evaluation of such combinations in a railway tunnel. A new approach is also proposed to ensure multiple access MA communication using modified-orthogonal-functions-based waveforms.
Epitaxial growth of highly conductive RuO2 thin films on (100) Si (1996)

Conductive RuO2 thin films have been heteroepitaxially grown by pulsed laser deposition on Si substrates with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) buffer layers. The RuO2 thin films deposited under optimized processing conditions are a-axis oriented normal to the Si substrate surface with a high degree of in-plane alignment with the major axes of the (100) Si substrate. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy analysis on the RuO2/YSZ/Si multilayer shows an atomically sharp interface between the RuO2 and the YSZ. Electrical measurements show that the crystalline RuO2 thin films are metallic over a temperature range from 4.2 to 300 K and are highly conductive with a room-temperature resistivity of 37±2 μΩ cm. The residual resistance ratio (R300 K/R4.2 K) above 5 for our RuO2 thin films is the highest ever reported for such films on Si substrates.
Intravenous interleukin-8 inhibits granulocyte emigration from rabbit mesenteric venules without altering <scp>l</scp>-selectin expression or leukocyte rolling. (1993)

Injection (i.v.) of the granulocyte chemoattractant/activator IL-8 has been shown to reduce neutrophil recruitment into dermal inflammatory sites in vivo. To further investigate the mechanism of this phenomenon, we examined the effect of i.v. [Ser-IL-8]72 (12-20 micrograms/kg) on leukocyte rolling and chemoattractant-induced emigration in mesenteric venules of New Zealand White rabbits and on expression of L-selectin (mAb LAM1-3) and CD18 (mAb 60.3) on circulating rabbit granulocytes. Within 1 min of IL-8 i.v., granulocytes virtually disappeared from carotid blood samples for approximately 5 min. Concomitantly, the flux of rolling leukocytes in mesenteric venules fell from 83 +/- 21 to 2 +/- 1 leukocytes/min. Both rolling leukocyte flux and systemic granulocyte count returned to or exceeded control values within less than 30 min. The chemoattractant/activator FMLP (0.15 microgram/kg i.v.) produced similar results. A second i.v. injection of IL-8 or FMLP, 90 min after the first challenge, had equipotent effects. Local extravascular application of IL-8 via micropipette close to a venule induced adhesion and emigration of 63 +/- 21 leukocytes per site before, but only 26 +/- 9 leukocytes per site 50 to 75 min after i.v. IL-8, when systemic granulocyte count and rolling leukocyte flux had reached or exceeded control values. This was not due to agonist-specific desensitization, because a similar reduction of leukocyte emigration was seen after FMLP i.v. Rabbit granulocytes circulating in vivo uniformly expressed near-control levels of L-selectin at all times between 3 and 360 min after IL-8 i.v. CD18 expression transiently increased after IL-8 i.v. and returned to base line by 90 min. These findings show that IL-8 i.v. reduces granulocyte recruitment to inflammatory sites by inhibiting function(s) necessary for transmigration that are independent of L-selectin and subsequent to rolling.
Dielectric properties of body tissues (1987)

A review is given of the dielectric properties of various mammalian tissues and biological fluids for the frequency range from 1 Hz to 10 GHz. The properties considered are the frequency variations of the relative permittivity and electrical conductivity. An attempt has been made to present data which can be considered to be the most typical for each material. The dielectric properties of aqueous solutions of amino-acids, polypeptides, proteins, and then cells, are first outlined in order to lay the groundwork for the understanding of the properties of tissues. The electrical characteristics of various tissues and blood are presented in tabular and graphical form, and the differences between normal and cancerous tissue is also discussed. The effects of necrosis and temperature changes are described and the important contribution that water makes to the overall properties is emphasised. An insight into some of the dominant physiological and biophysical processes responsible for the dielectric properties of biological materials is also attempted, since this should aid further developments of both the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of radiofrequency and microwave radiation. Such information is also relevant to an understanding of the possible biological hazards of such radiation. The ways in which dielectric studies can aid an understanding at the molecular level of the basic physiological differences between normal and cancerous tissue, as well as of the physico-chemical state of biological water, are also described.
An electronic phase-shift tube for microwave frequencies (1955)

The transmission of microwave radiation through an electron gas supported by a gas discharge plasma situated in a waveguide structure is discussed for the case in which the electron collision frequency is much less than the microwave frequency, and an expression is derived for the phase shift arising from the change in guide wavelength. A gas discharge phase-shift tube has been developed on this principle and efficient action obtained by using the negative glow region of the discharge. The performance of the tube is discussed in detail.
Integrated Mach-Zehnder micro-interferometer for gas trace remote sensing (2006)

The realisation process and the preliminary tests on the performances of an integrated Mach-Zehnder Interferometer on LiNbO<sub>3</sub> (Lithium Niobate) substrate is presented. The microsystem has been obtained by using medium mass Ion Implantation on X-cut Lithium Niobate crystals. The interferometer is formed by integrated optical channel waveguides; the phase shift between the two optical paths has been obtained, without moving parts, by applying a suitable electric field. The whole device is 60mm long, has a 0.5x1mm<sup>2</sup> cross section and weights a few grams. The power consumption is in the milliwatt range. In the present work results obtained in the spectral window (0.4μm-1.1μm) will be presented. The performance of the device, evaluated on standard radiation sources, demonstrates that a spectral resolution better than 0.3nm can be obtained on 400nm spectral windows. The Micro-interferometer has been tested in laboratory with a calibrated cell containing NO<sub>2</sub> gas and has demonstrated sensitivity in the ppb range if suitable optical paths are used. Its reduced dimensions and weights make these micro-systems ideal for a wide range of applications, spanning from Space Technology, Earth observation for Environment monitoring, to Safety and Security applications.
Variational bounds for mixed-data factor analysis (2010)

We propose a new variational EM algorithm for fitting factor analysis models with mixed continuous and categorical observations. The algorithm is based on a simple quadratic bound to the log-sum-exp function. In the special case of fully observed binary data, the bound we propose is significantly faster than previous variational methods. We show that EM is significantly more robust in the presence of missing data compared to treating the latent factors as parameters, which is the approach used by exponential family PCA and other related matrix-factorization methods. A further benefit of the variational approach is that it can easily be extended to the case of mixtures of factor analyzers, as we show. We present results on synthetic and real data sets demonstrating several desirable properties of our proposed method. 1
The role of cysteine 41 in the enzymatic activities of the pertussis toxin S1 subunit as investigated by site-directed mutagenesis. (1990)

The S1 subunit (Mr 28,000) of pertussis toxin expresses thiol-dependent enzymatic ADP-ribosyltransferase and NAD-glycohydrolase activities. Site-directed mutagenesis experiments were performed on the codon for Cys-41 of this subunit to investigate the role of this residue in both enzymatic activities. Deletion of Cys-41 caused a decrease in both activities below detectable levels, whereas replacement of this residue by serine, glycine, proline, or asparagine only slightly reduced the activities. The enzymatic activities of these mutants were thiol-independent. The deletion of Ser-40, adjacent to Cys-41, again caused reduction of the enzymatic activities to undetectable levels. Steady-state kinetic experiments showed that the kcat of the mutant protein in which Cys-41 was replaced by glycine was nearly identical to the kcat of the parent version. However, the Km for NAD of the mutant was significantly higher relative to that of the wild type version. These results indicate that the side-chain of Cys-41 is not essential for enzymatic activities and that Cys-41 is not involved in the rate of catalysis but is probably located at or close to the NAD-binding site. The introduction of a negative charge at position 41 through the replacement of Cys-41 by either aspartate or glutamate reduced the enzymatic activities to very low but measurable levels, suggesting a charge-charge repulsive interaction between these residues and possibly one or both of the phosphates of NAD. Cys-41 may therefore be located close to the phosphate subsite of the NAD-binding site.
Deglycosylation studies on tracheal mucin glycoproteins (1987)

Following several model experiments, conditions were developed for optimal deglycosylation of tracheal mucin glycoproteins. Exposure of rigorously dried material to trifluoromethanesulfonic acid at 0 degree C for up to 8 h results in cleavage of essentially all fucose, galactose, and N-acetylglucosamine, about 80% of the N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuNAc), and a variable amount of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), the sugar involved in linkage to protein. Residual N-acetylneuraminic acid is sialidase susceptible and apparently in disaccharide units, presumably NeuNAc2----GalNAc. The remaining N-acetylgalactosamine is mostly present as monosaccharides, and a few Gal beta 1----3GalNAc alpha units are also present; both are cleaved by appropriate enzymatic treatment. The saccharide-free proteins obtained from either human or canine mucin glycoproteins have molecular weights of about 100,000 and require chaotropic agents or detergents for effective solubilization.
Optical fiber corrosion sensor based on laser light reflection (2011)

The development of an optical fiber corrosion sensor based on the principle of light reflection is presented in this paper. The sensor consists of an optical fiber reflection sensor and a tube/film subassembly formed by welding a sacrificial metallic film to a steel tube. One side of the sacrificial metallic film is finely polished and is isolated from the environment while the other side is exposed to the corrosive environment. The corrosion pits initiated at the exposed film surface slowly penetrate the sacrificial film as the exposure time increases. The corrosion pits that reach the polished surface reduce the surface reflectivity of the polished surface. This decrease in reflectivity is detected by the optical fiber reflectivity sensor. To interrogate multiple sensors at one time, a sensor multiplexing scheme was implemented. The principles of operation, packaging, and characterization of the corrosion sensors are presented.
User Interface Code Generation for EJB-Based Data Models Using Intermediate Form Representations. (2003)

The use of J2EE platform enables data model development based on EJB components. Data modeling concepts of EJB technology, although resembling those of relational databases, are different and need new methods for automated user interface code generation. This paper presents a method for user interface code generation based on intermediate form representations that can be used to build equivalent user interfaces in multiple environments like standalone GUI applications, web, or wireless devices. The structure of the generated system, intermediate form representations, and the functionality of user interface concepts are described in detail. EJB-based data model generator session facades IFR form definitions WAP client GUI client web client 1.
Teach Yourself Windows 95 in 24 Hours (1995)

Teach yourself windows 95 in 24 hours , Teach yourself windows 95 in 24 hours , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
The PTTG1-targeting miRNAs miR-329, miR-300, miR-381, and miR-655 inhibit pituitary tumor cell tumorigenesis and are involved in a p53/PTTG1 regulation feedback loop (2015)

Deregulation of the pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG1), a newly discovered oncogene, is a hallmark of various malignancies, including pituitary tumors. However, the mechanisms regulating PTTG1 expression are still needed to be explored. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of small RNA molecules that act as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression and can play a significant role in tumor development. Here, we identified a series of miRNAs, namely, miR-329, miR-300, miR-381 and miR-655, which could target PTTG1 messenger RNA and inhibit its expression. Interestingly, all four miRNAs significantly that are downregulated in pituitary tumors were mapped to the 14q32.31 locus, which acts as a tumor suppressor in several cancers. Functional studies show that the PTTG1-targeting miRNAs inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion but induce apoptosis in GH3 and MMQ cells. Furthermore, overexpression of a PTTG1 expression vector lacking the 3'UTR partially reverses the tumor suppressive effects of these miRNAs. Next, we identified the promoter region of PTTG1-targeting miRNAs with binding sites for p53. In our hands, p53 transcriptionally activated the expression of these miRNAs in pituitary tumor cells. Finally, we found that PTTG1 could inhibit p53 transcriptional activity to the four miRNAs. These data indicate the existence of a feedback loop between PTTG1 targeting miRNAs, PTTG1 and p53 that promotes pituitary tumorigenesis. Together, these findings suggest that these PTTG1-targeting miRNAs are important players in the regulation of pituitary tumorigenesis and that these miRNAs may serve as valuable therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.