gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hot gas filtration: diesel – how prepared is the filtration industry? (2006)

Diesel engines run at far higher cylinder pressures and far higher air-to-fuel ratios than gasoline engines. Higher pressures and temperatures – along with diesel fuel characteristics – contribute to a very different emissions ‘portfolio’ for the diesel engine. John Finley – an expert in ceramic filtration – looks at what this means for automotive filtration processes.
3D Energetic Metal–Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Properties of High Energy Materials (2013)

Energetische 3D-MOFs: Energetische dreidimensionale Metall-organische Gerüste (MOFs) wurden hergestellt und charakterisiert. Die MOFs sind thermisch gut stabil und wenig empfindlich gegen Stöße, Reibung und elektrostatische Entladung. Das abgebildete poröse MOF hat eine beispiellose Detonationswärme von 3.62 kcal g−1.
Curing BB rats of freshly manifested diabetes by short‐term treatment with a combination of a monoclonal anti‐interleukin 2 receptor antibody and a subtherapeutic dose of cyclosporin A (1987)

The BioBreeding (BB) rat develops spontaneously a syndrome resembling human type I diabetes mellitus. The short-term treatment of newly diagnosed diabetic BB rats with the anti-interleukin 2 receptor (IL 2R) monoclonal antibody ART-18 in combination with a subtherapeutic dose of cyclosporin A for 10 days, a treatment shown previously to eliminate specifically antigen-activated IL2R+ T lymphocytes by sparing suppressor cells, resulted in normoglycemia in 70% of the animals, the maintenance of B cell volume density and an increase in pancreatic insulin content. Moreover, the glucose tolerance of successfully treated animals was not significantly different from that of normoglycemic BB rats during the whole observation period (up to 120 days after the end of the therapy). This is the first report on successful treatment of a spontaneous autoimmune disease by a short-term and specific immunosuppressive regimen with limited side effects.
Alcohol Oxidases of Kloeckera sp. and Hansenula polymorpha. Catalytic Properties and Subunit Structures (1976)

1. Alcohol oxidase (alcohol: oxygen oxidoreductase) of a thermophilic methanol-utilizing yeast, Hansenula polymorpha DL-1, was isolated in crystalline form. 2. This alcohol oxidase of H. polymorpha was more stable to heat than was the enzyme of Kloeckera sp. This difference in heat stability is compatible with the difference in growth temperatures for both yeasts. 3. The crystalline alcohol oxidases of both yeast oxidized the lower primary alcohols (C-2 to C-4) as well as methanol. The apparent Km values for the methanol of Kloeckera and H. polymorpha enzymes were 0.44 and 0.23 mM, respectively. The enzymes could also oxidize formaldehyde to formate, and were inactivated by relatively low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. 4. The molecular weight for both enzymes was calculated to be about 670000. Each enzyme is composed of eight identical subunits (molecular weight 83000) and contains eight moles of FAD as the prosthetic group. The NH2-terminal and COOH-terminal amino acids of H. polymorpha enzyme were identified as alanine and phenylalanine, respectively. The octameric subunits model of each enzyme was confirmed by electron micrographs, which showed an octad aggregate, composed of two tetragons face to face.
Single- and dual-polarized millimeter-wave slot-ring antennas (1996)

Single- and dual-polarized dielectric lens-supported slot-ring antennas have been developed for operation at millimeter-wave frequencies. The antennas are fed with a coplanar waveguide (CPW) to be compatible with uniplanar mixers and low-noise amplifiers, and the feedline is shown to have a minimal effect on the antenna performance. The measured antenna patterns agree well with theoretical results and have symmetric main beams, low sidelobe levels (<-15 dB), low cross polarization (<-20 dB), and 27 dB directivity. A 2/spl times/2 array of single-polarized slot-ring antennas for monopulse applications demonstrates excellent patterns at 94 GHz with -3 dB crossover power levels in both elevation and azimuth scans. The dual-polarized slot ring antenna patterns are nearly identical to those of the single-polarized antenna, and two-port isolation is as low as -25 dB. The dielectric lens-supported slot-ring antenna is an excellent candidate for compact, low-cost millimeter-wave systems with fixed or variable polarization capabilities.
Prioritizing test cases for regression testing (2000)

Test case prioritization techniques schedule test cases in an order that increases their effectiveness in meeting some performance goal. One performance goal, rate of fault detection, is a measure of how quickly faults are detected within the testing process; an improved rate of fault detection can provide faster feedback on the system under test, and let software engineers begin locating and correcting faults earlier than might otherwise be possible. In previous work, we reported the results of studies that showed that prioritization techniques can significantly improve rate of fault detection. Those studies, however, raised several additional questions: (1) can prioritization techniques be effective when aimed at specific modified versions; (2) what tradeoffs exist between fine granularity and coarse granularity prioritization techniques; (3) can the incorporation of measures of fault proneness into prioritization techniques improve their effectiveness? This paper reports the results of new experiments addressing these questions.
Comparison between an electronic nose and a human sensory panel for wine compound detection (2006)

An electronic nose (e-nose) based on thin film semiconductor sensors has been developed in order to compare the performance with a trained human sensory panel. The panel had 25 members and was trained to detect concentration thresholds of some compounds of interest present in wine. Typical red wine compounds such as ethyl acetate and eugenol and white wine compounds such as hexanol and ethyl octanoate were measured at different concentrations starting from the detection threshold found in the literature (in the micrograms to milligrams per liter range). Pattern recognition methods (PCA and neural networks) were used to process the data. The results showed that the performance of the e-nose for threshold detection was much better than the human panel. The compounds were detected by the e-nose at concentrations up to eight times lower than the panel.
The Urban Challenge (2009)

The Urban Challenge was a robotic vehicle race through a simulated urban environment. Full size autonomous vehicles were required to complete a 60 mile course, while independently reasoning about other autonomous and human driven vehicles. The vehicles were required to safely handle intersections, multi-lane roads, parking lots and unusual situations. Teams from around the world attempted the competition with eleven qualifying for the final challenge. In this talk I describe the Urban Challenge and Boss, the vehicle that won the challenge. Boss is a modified Chevy Tahoe that fuses data from many sensors to interpret the world around it and drive safely. I will highlight how Boss incorporates radar and lidar data to track moving vehicles and how this information is used. I will also speculate on the future of autonomous vehicles and the critical open challenges.
Fibrin glue–assisted sutureless posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in eyes with deficient posterior capsules (2008)

We report a new surgical technique that uses biological glue to implant a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) in eyes with a deficient or absent posterior capsule. Two partial-thickness limbal-based scleral flaps are made 180 degrees apart diagonally, and the haptics of the PC IOL are externalized to place them beneath the flaps. Fibrin glue is used to attach the haptics to the scleral bed, beneath the flap. This simple method of PC IOL implantation requires no specially designed haptics. It provides good flap closure and IOL centration and stability without suture-related complications.
Method and apparatus for determination of optimum velocity in processing seismic signals from low energy (1980)

First Page
Custom coding, adaptive rate control, and distributed detection for Bluetooth (2003)

Three strategies for improving the performance of point-to-point Bluetooth links are presented. All of the strategies are implemented on the host computer, and therefore no modification of the Bluetooth standard is necessary. The first strategy is custom error control coding, which is achieved by transporting BCH codewords within AUX1 packets. The second concept is adaptive rate control, which involves dynamically selecting the packet type that offers the best throughput for the current channel SNR. Finally, a distributed detection technique is proposed, whereby each packet is broadcast to a group of two or more receivers that are linked over a reliable backbone, and the packet is accepted if it is received correctly at any receiver in the group.
Communication Timestamps for File System Synchronization (2001)

The problem of detecting various kinds of update conflicts in file system synchronization following a network partition is well-known. All systems of which we are aware use the version vectors of Parker et al. These require O(R*F) storage space for F files shared among R replicas. We propose a number of different methods, the most space-efficient of which uses O(R*F) space in the worst case, but O(R+F) in the expected case. To gain experience with the various methods, we implemented a file synchronization tool called Tra. Based on this experience, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each particular method. Tra itself turns out to be useful for a variety of tasks, including home directory maintenance, operating system installation, and managing offline work. We discuss some of these uses.
Increased expression of basement membrane collagen in human diabetic retinopathy. (1994)

Basement membrane thickening is the most prominent and characteristic feature of early diabetic microangiopathy. Unknown is not only the causative process but also whether the thickening reflects increased synthesis of specific components. Because collagen type IV is uniquely present in basement membranes and represents their predominant structural element, we studied its expression in retinas obtained postmortem from five patients with 8 +/- 3 yr of diabetes and six nondiabetic controls. The collagen IV transcript proved to be rare in adult human retina and undetectable by Northern analysis. We thus identified a set of primers and conditions to detect the transcript by the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and to measure its level relative to an endogenous internal standard (beta-actin mRNA). In the diabetic patients the levels of collagen IV mRNA were increased twofold over levels in controls, whereas the actin mRNA levels were similar in the two groups. Hence, the collagen IV/actin ratio was 0.53 +/- 0.15 in diabetic samples and 0.24 +/- 0.09 in control samples (P = 0.004). These results indicate that diabetes induces a twofold increase in the expression of collagen IV by the cells that synthesize basement membranes in the adult retina (vascular cells). Insofar as high ambient glucose in vitro elicits the same effect, it may be proposed that basement membrane thickening in diabetes results from enhanced synthesis of specialized component molecules sustained by hyperglycemia.
DPY-26, a Link Between Dosage Compensation and Meiotic Chromosome Segregation in the Nematode (1996)

The DPY-26 protein is required in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans for X-chromosome dosage compensation as well as for proper meiotic chromosome segregation. DPY-26 was shown to mediate both processes through its association with chromosomes. In somatic cells, DPY-26 associates specifically with hermaphrodite X chromosomes to reduce their transcript levels. In germ cells, DPY-26 associates with all meiotic chromosomes to mediate its role in chromosome segregation. The X-specific localization of DPY-26 requires two dosage compensation proteins (DPY-27 and DPY-30) and two proteins that coordinately control both sex determination and dosage compensation (SDC-2 and SDC-3).
High-bandwidth transmission of an efficient photonic-crystal mode converter (2004)

We have investigated both theoretically and experimentally the spectral behavior and the transmission and reflection performance of a photonic-crystal (PhC) mode converter upon an InP substrate. This taper exhibits 70% transmission efficiency on an 80-nm bandwidth when it couples a ridge access guide to a strongly confined single-missing-row PhC guide. Such a taper design included in a PhC bend contributes a large benefit to the overall transmission budget of the PhC-based link.
<title>Focused ion-beam system for automated MEMS prototyping and processing</title> (1997)

We have developed a focused ion beam (FIB) system for automated MEMS processing. This product, the Micrion MicroMill, has been successfully used in production and prototype milling of over three million thin film heads (TFH) used in hard disk drives. The FIB column consists of a liquid gallium (Ga<SUP>+</SUP>) ion source, running at 50 kV, producing beam currents up to 50 nA. The milling rates achieved in the TFH application have been 0.5 - 4 micrometer<SUP>3</SUP>/sec with spot sizes ranging from 150 - 800 nm. This tool is designed to easily integrate into current FAB facilities and supports a wide range of navigational requirements. Different milling scenarios can be easily created or modified using the integrate CAD-like design tools, allowing for quick production line design modifications or rapid prototyping of new designs. The milling strategy can 'adapt' to dimensional changes caused by upstream process variations. On a real-time basis, the FIB system's pattern recognition/inspection software measures the individual part and precisely places the desired milling pattern. The flexible vector scan beam control can position the FIB, within sub-tenth micron dimensional control, to generate an endless variety of geometric milling patterns. This presentation will discuss the work currently done on inductive and magnetoresistive TFH devices as well as other potential MEMS processing applications.
Analysis of transconductances at all levels of inversion in deep submicron CMOS (2003)

This paper presents an in-depth analysis of transconductances in CMOS for advanced analog IC design. Transconductances in a 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS technology have been measured over a large range of geometries and bias conditions. Gate (g/sub mg/), source (g/sub ms/), drain (g/sub md/) and bulk (g/sub mb/) transconductances are consistently normalized and represented vs. inversion coefficient (IC) from very weak to moderate and strong inversion. The ideal transconductance behavior in particular in weak inversion is analyzed via the analytical structure of the EKV MOSFET model. The new EKV 3.0 MOSFET model shows excellent abilities to correctly represent transconductances at all levels of inversion and channel lengths.
Scale Inhibition Problems Associated With North Sea Oil Production (1979)

Abstract Suitable chemical treatment of North Sea oil and gas production plays a small but vital role in determining the production plays a small but vital role in determining the success of the project. During the initial period of production from a new oilfield, the chemical treatment requirements are generally minimal. This situation changes dramatically as the field life progresses and water production commences. At that time a variety of chemicals will probably be required including demulsifiers, corrosion inhibitors. effluent treatment compounds and scale inhibitors. Whilst for many of these products there are well defined test methods and selection techniques available, this is a particular problem with scale inhibitors. In the majority of particular problem with scale inhibitors. In the majority of cases it is very difficult to simulate the scaling situation present in the field by laboratory methods. present in the field by laboratory methods. The paper reviews some scale inhibitor selection techniques used in the past and describes a novel simulation test to monitor inhibition and flow pattern influence around an injection or production well bore. This method has been used to rank the efficiency of commercially available scale inhibitors for both the Forties injection and production systems and will be discussed in terms of the practical problems involved. problems involved Introduction Problems arising from the production of scale are commonplace in oilfields. The precipitation mechanism is often complex and may be due to a variety of effects including changes in system conditions (e.g. pH, pressure. temperature etc.), reservoir conditions or incompatibility between injected water and formation water. The present paper discusses carbonate and sulphate scale formation in the Forties Field and some of the laboratory inhibitor selection techniques used in the selection of suitable scale inhibitors for field use both in the Forties injection and production systems. In particular a novel test method is described which is being used in the laboratory to monitor inhibitor and flow pattern influence on formation scaling.
Experiments and uniqueness results on object structure and kinematics from a sequence of monocular images (2003)

The authors consider the problem of using a sequence of monocular images (central projections) of a three-dimensional (3-D) moving object to estimate both its structure and kinematics. The object is assumed to be rigid, and its motion is assumed to be 'smooth'. A set of object match points is assumed to be available, consisting of fixed features on the object, the image-plane coordinates of which have been extracted from successive images in the sequence. The measured data are the noisy image plane coordinates of this set of object match points, taken from each image in the sequence. Results of an experiment with real imagery are presented, involving estimation of 28 unknown translational, rotational, and structural parameters, based on 12 images with seven feature points. Uniqueness results are summarized for the case of purely translational motion. A test based on a singular-value decomposition is described that determines whether or not noise-free data from an image sequence uniquely determines the elements of any given parameter vector, and sample uniqueness results are given. It is concluded that the experimental and the uniqueness results presented demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Die präparative Chemie der Cyclobutendione; III. Synthese von Quadratsäure, Benzocyclobutendion und deren Derivaten (1978)

In Part I of the review1a, the syntheses of cyclobutenediones from open-chain precursors were described; Part II1b dealt with the reactivity and transformation of alkyl-, alkenyl-, and arylcyclobutenediones. The following Part III summarizes the preparation of Squaric acid (dihydroxycyclobutenedione), the benzocyclobutenediones, and derivatives thereof. 1. Synthesis of Squaric Acid, its Dichloride (Dichlorocyclobu- tenedione), and its Esters (Dialkoxycyclobutenediones) 1.1. Thermal Cycloaddition of Perhaloalkenes 1.2. Intramolecular Cycloaddition of Vinylketenes 1.2.1. Perchlorocyclobutenone 1.2.2. Cyclobutenediones from Perchlorocyclobutenone 1.3. Squaric Acid from Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene 1.4. Squaric Acid from Carbon Monoxide by Electrochemical Cyclotetramerisation 1.5. Simple Cyclobutenediones from Squaric Acid or its Derivatives 2. Synthesis of Benzocyclobutenediones and Higher Aromatic Analogs 2.1. Synthesis from 1,2-Bis[dibromomethyl]-benzene 2.1.1. via 1,2-Dinitryloxybenzocyclobutene 2.1.2. via 1,1,2,2-Tetrabromobenzocyclobutene 2.1.3. via 2,2-Dibromo-1-benzocyclobutenone 2.2. Synthesis from 1,3-Diphenyl-2-benzofuran and Cyclobutene 2.3. Synthesis from 1,4-Dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophthalazine and Cyclopentadiene 2.4. Synthesis from N-Aminophthalimide, 3-Benzoyloxyphthalide, or Ninhydrin 2.5. Synthesis from Cyclohexene-4,5-dicarboxylic Esters 2.6. Synthesis from Tetrachlorobutenyne 3. Final Remarks
Facile, continuous and large-scale synthesis of CL-20/HMX nano co-crystals with high-performance by ultrasonic spray-assisted electrostatic adsorption method (2014)

Energetic CL-20/HMX nano co-crystals of about 50 nm with high-performance are synthesized by USEA method.
Simulated Distillation by Gas Chromatography. (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimulated Distillation by Gas Chromatography.L. E. Green, L. J. Schmauch, and J. C. WormanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1964, 36, 8, 1512–1516Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60214a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60214a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views662Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Amygdala, Autism and Anxiety (2003)

Brothers has proposed that the amygdala is an important component of the neural network that underlies social cognition. And Bauman and Kemper observed signs of neuropathology in the amygdala of the post-mortem autistic brain. These findings, in addition to recent functional neuroimaging data, have led Baron-Cohen and colleagues to propose that dysfunction of the amygdala may be responsible, in part, for the impairment of social functioning that is a hallmark feature of autism. Recent data from studies in our laboratory on the effects of amygdala lesions in the macaque monkey are at variance with a fundamental role for the amygdala in social behaviour. If the amygdala is not essential for normal social behaviour, as seems to be the case in both non-human primates and selected patients with bilateral amygdala damage, then it is unlikely to be the substrate for the abnormal social behaviour of autism. However, damage to the amygdala does have an effect on a monkey's response to normally fear-inducing stimuli, such as snakes, and removes a natural reluctance to engage novel conspecifics in social interactions. These findings lead to the conclusion that an important role for the amygdala is in the detection of threats and mobilizing an appropriate behavioural response, part of which is fear. If the amygdala is pathological in subjects with autism, it may contribute to their abnormal fears and increased anxiety rather than their abnormal social behaviour.