gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A high performance mixed micromachined differential resonant accelerometer (2003)

The vacuum packaged differential resonant accelerometer (DRXL) using gap sensitive electrostatic change effect is proposed by using the reverse surface micromachining (RSM) process based on the single crystal silicon. The differential frequency output is achieved by subtracting the resonant frequency between the two independent resonators, which has advantages with the wide input range and the good linearity. But the resonant accelerometer is fabricated using the epi-polysilicon surface micromachining process in the previous work. The residual and shear stress of the polysilicon result in the mismatch of the mechanical resonant frequency. The mismatch of the resonant frequency may demolish the advantages of the differential scheme because of the mechanical resonance characteristics. So, the single-crystal silicon was chosen for the accelerometer structure material because it has better mechanical properties than the polysilicon. The fabricated resonant accelerometer shows the nominal frequency of 6928 Hz and the sensitivity is about 10Hz in the /spl plusmn/10 G range. The bandwidth is more than 100 Hz.
The Credentialing of Professional Psychologists and Its Implication for the Other Mental Health Disciplines (1990)

Professional psychology was the first mental health profession to challenge the preeminence of psychiatry and in so doing blazed the trail for clinical social workers, mental health counselors, marriage and family therapists, and addiction counselors. Social work has followed one decade behind psychology's footsteps, and the other rapidly emerging mental health professions are not too far behind social work. This article reviews the lessons learned by professional psychology when it adopted the strategy of statutory regulation, freedom of choice, control of its own training and of its national organization, and future strategies for Medicare and eventually for the enactment of universal health care. These lessons are important to the professions following psychology.
Comparison of speech intelligibility in cockpit noise using SPH-4 flight helmet with and without active noise reduction (1990)

Active Noise Reduction (ANR) is a new technology which can reduce the level of aircraft cockpit noise that reaches the pilot's ear while simultaneously improving the signal-to-noise ratio for voice communications and other information-bearing sound signals in the cockpit. A miniature, ear-cup mounted ANR system, developed by Royal Aerospace Establishment, Farnborough, United Kingdom, was tested by U.S. Army Aeroflightdynamics Directorate, Simulation and Aircraft Systems Division, Crew Station Research and Development Branch to determine whether speech intelligibility is better for helicopter pilots using ANR compared to a control condition of ANR turned off. The ANR system was installed in a stock Army SPH-4 flight helmet, and tested in a background of recorded AH-1S (Cobra) cockpit noise, using phonetically balanced word lists, per MIL-STD-1472C. Two signal-to-noise ratios (S/N), representative of actual cockpit conditions, were used: 0 dB and +10 dB for the ratio of the speech to cockpit noise sound pressure levels. Speech intelligibility was significantly better with ANR compared to no ANR for both S/N conditions. Variability of speech intelligibility among pilots was also significantly less with ANR. When the stock helmet was used with ANR turned off, the average PB word speech intelligibility score was below the Normally Acceptable level, per MIl-STD-1472C in the 0 dB S/N levels and exceeded the Exceptionally High Intelligibility level with S/N +10 dB. Keywords: Cockpit communications, Active noise reduction.
The effect of angle on wall shear stresses in a LIMA to LAD anastomosis: Numerical modelling of pulsatile flow (2006)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of anastomotic angle on the flow patterns and wall shear distributions at the distal anastomosis of a left interior mammary artery (LIMA) graft to the left anterior descending artery (LDA). It is now well recognized that abnormal wall shear stress distributions along the anastomotic bed, around the toe, and around the heel can contribute to the focal development of intimal hyperplasia. However, the exact nature of the interaction between the dominant pulsing flow and the anastomotic angle on wall shear stresses has not been fully investigated numerically. In this study a commercial CFD package was used for three-dimensional flow analysis where the pulsatile waveforms and flowrates used as the boundary conditions are representative of an anastomosed left internal mammary artery and a stenosed left anterior descending coronary artery (intermediate, <70 per cent diameter narrowing). The flow patterns and distributions of time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) and the oscillatory shear index (OSI) for three anastomotic angles of 20, 40, and 60 degrees were evaluated and compared with other published data. The findings indicated that transient, highly disturbed flow patterns occurred in localized regions of the proximal and distal native segments and in the anastomotic domain including recirculation zones, moving points of stagnation, and oscillating wall shear stresses mainly on the bed, at the toe, and at the heel. Moreover, higher anastomotic angles resulted in more extreme variations in TAWSS and OSI values, particularly around the toe and along the bed. In addition, the effect of anastomotic angle on OSI values at the heel followed the same pattern whereas the TAWSS values along the graft at the heel showed a significant increase at the lowest anastomotic angle of 20 degrees.
Plasma Etch Anisotropy—Theory and Some Verifying Experiments Relating Ion Transport, Ion Energy, and Etch Profiles (1983)

A model of plasma etch anisotropy is presented which shows that the ionic component of the chemical etch process produces etch profiles that vary with , where is the electric field controlling the ion transport to the etch surface and is the etch gas pressure. From a relation derived here between and the observable rf current density, , this model predicts that the profiles will vary continuously from isotropically to anisotropically produced as the parameter is increased. This behavior reflects the directionality of the ion kinetic energy transported to the etch surface and the effect of the ion energy in reducing the surface reaction activation energy. The one‐to‐one correspondence between ion energy and ion transport or etch directionality shown by this model clarifies the compromise required between etch anisotropy and the adverse effects of such high ion energy, such as reduced resist survival and selectivity against other materials in addition to the possibility of increased substrate damage. Another important practical consequence of this work is the establishment of a theoretical basis for extending the conventional wisdom that low pressures (<10 Pa) are required for anisotropic plasma etching to the more general requirement of a sufficiently high ratio. Thus, this theory shows, and a wide range of experiments verify, that equally anisotropic etch profiles are obtainable at high (e.g., 1000 Pa) or low pressures from the same ratios. Alternatively, it will be shown that reactive ion etching is a low pressure limiting case of plasma etching, both of which are able to produce identically anisotropic etch profiles, although the latter is capable of considerably higher etch rates. Finally, this model predicts a dependence of the anisotropy on the ion‐neutral scatterer collision cross section and/or mass ratio, which is experimentally confirmed here by previously unpublished data.
Spoofing and countermeasures for speaker verification: A review (2017)

Although automatic speaker verification has advanced significantly, performance of most speaker verification systems still can be affected due to spoofing attacks. This paper provides an overview of some specific vulnerabilities of speaker verification system to different spoofing attacks. To detect such attacks, some devoted countermeasures are also reviewed. Finally, the paper is concluded with potential issues in the existing methodologies that are needed to be addressed.
The Dental Plaque Microbiome in Health and Disease (2013)

Dental decay is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. A variety of factors, including microbial, genetic, immunological, behavioral and environmental, interact to contribute to dental caries onset and development. Previous studies focused on the microbial basis for dental caries have identified species associated with both dental health and disease. The purpose of the current study was to improve our knowledge of the microbial species involved in dental caries and health by performing a comprehensive 16S rDNA profiling of the dental plaque microbiome of both caries-free and caries-active subjects. Analysis of over 50,000 nearly full-length 16S rDNA clones allowed the identification of 1,372 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the dental plaque microbiome. Approximately half of the OTUs were common to both caries-free and caries-active microbiomes and present at similar abundance. The majority of differences in OTU's reflected very low abundance phylotypes. This survey allowed us to define the population structure of the dental plaque microbiome and to identify the microbial signatures associated with dental health and disease. The deep profiling of dental plaque allowed the identification of 87 phylotypes that are over-represented in either caries-free or caries-active subjects. Among these signatures, those associated with dental health outnumbered those associated with dental caries by nearly two-fold. A comparison of this data to other published studies indicate significant heterogeneity in study outcomes and suggest that novel approaches may be required to further define the signatures of dental caries onset and progression.
A theory of hippocampal function in memory (1996)

First, what is computed by the hippocampus is considered. Based on the effects of damage to the hippocampus and neuronal activity recorded in the primate hippocampus, it is suggested that it is involved in associating together information usually originating from different cortical regions, for example, about objects and their place in a spatial environment. The rapid formation of such context-dependent memories is prototypical of memories of particular events or episodes. Second, a computational theory of how it performs this function, based on neuroanatomical and neurophysiological information about the different neuronal systems contained within the hippocampus, is described. Key hypotheses are that the CA3 pyramidal cells operate as a single autoassociation network to store new episodic information as it arrives via a number of specialized preprocessing stages from many different association areas of the cerebral cortex, and that the dentate granule cell/mossy fiber system is important particularly during learning to help to produce a new pattern of firing in the CA3 cells for each episode. The computational analysis shows how many memories could be stored in the hippocampus, and how quickly the CA3 autoassociation system would operate during recall. The analysis is then extended to show how the CA3 system could be used to recall the whole of an episodic memory when only a fragment of it is presented. It is shown how this retrieval within the hippocampus could lead to recall of neuronal activity in association areas of the cerebral neocortex similar to that present during the original episode, via modified synapses in backprojection pathways from the hippocampus to the cerebral neocortex. The recalled information in the cerebral neocortex could then by used by the neocortex in the formation of long-term memories and/or in the selection of appropriate actions.
WORKING WITH FAMILIES IN A REHABILITATION SETTING (1981)

Carol M. Jacus is currently the neurology service social worker at Billings Hospital, University of Chicago Medical Center. Her special focus is working with patients and families who come to the recently established ALS Center for comprehensive management and treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Active in the field of physical rehabilitation for several years, she has served as social worker in a 21-bed PM&R unit at St. Joseph Hospital, Chicago, and as a social work intern at the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago. Ms. Jacus is a graduate of the School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago, and is active in several professional organizations.
A survey on existing extractive techniques for query-based text summarization (2015)

Condensation of document information from the text according to the query is primarily a concerned matter due to the rapid growth of information. In fact, there is not usually enough time to scan through the contents and understand each document and make decision based on the queries. Hence, there is a great demand for query based summarization of text documents. Therefore, text summarization is considered to be a challenging task and a paramount research area these days. Moreover, query-based text summarization is a significant problem, which has innumerable applications. It becomes increasingly important to extensively study the different mechanisms that can provide an effective and a short summary. Therefore, in this paper, an effort has been made to go through the various extractive based approaches for query-based text summarization so that time and effort can be reduced to find a useful summary for the users as specified by their need.
A simple neutrally buoyant sensor for direct measurement of particle velocity and intensity in water (1995)

Acoustic particle velocity is commonly inferred from measurement of pressure or pressure gradient; however, in water, direct measurement is simple. A moving-coil sensor embedded in a neutrally buoyant package produces a voltage directly proportional to the particle velocity in the surrounding fluid for frequencies above the mass-spring resonance. Leslie et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 28, 711–715 (1956)] built such a sensor by mounting a moving-coil element inside a hollow brass sphere. The sensor described in this paper is identical in principle but is considerably easier to fabricate. Useful from tens of hertz to several kilohertz, this sensor consists of a glass- microballoon-and-epoxy composite cast around a small, commercial geophone. The sensor is inexpensive, rugged, and has good immunity to interference. In conjunction with a pressure hydrophone, acoustic intensity can be measured without the errors associated with subtraction of nearly equal signals (as in the two-hydrophone method).
Overexpression of miR165 Affects Apical Meristem Formation, Organ Polarity Establishment and Vascular Development in Arabidopsis (2007)

The class III homeodomain leucine-zipper (HD-ZIP III) genes are thought to be targets of microRNAs (miRNAs) 165 and 166, but it is not known whether all the developmental processes affected by mutations of the HD-ZIP III genes could be recapitulated by an alteration in the expression of miR165 and miR166. Previous work showed that overexpression of miR166 by activation tagging results in down-regulation of the ATHB-9/PHV, ATHB-14/PHB and ATHB-15 genes, and concomitantly causes an enlargement of shoot apical meristems (SAMs) and an enhancement in vascular development. Here we demonstrated that overexpression of miR165 causes a drastic reduction in the transcript levels of all five HD-ZIP III genes in Arabidopsis. The miR165 overexpressors display prominent phenotypes reminiscent of loss-of-function mutants of rev phb phv and rev/ifl1, including loss of SAM, alteration of organ polarity, abnormal formation of carpels, inhibition of vascular development and aberrant differentiation of interfascicular fibers. Global gene expression analysis revealed a link between miR165 overexpression and altered expression of genes involved in auxin signaling and vascular development. Our results demonstrate that overexpression of miR165 recapitulates the phenotypes caused by loss-of-function mutations of HD-ZIP III genes, such as loss of SAM, altered organ polarity and defects in development of vascular tissues and interfascicular fibers.
Bepridil is potent against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro (2021)

Guided by a computational docking analysis, about 30 Food and Drug Administration/European Medicines Agency (FDA/EMA)-approved small-molecule medicines were characterized on their inhibition of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) main protease (M<sup>p</sup><sup>ro</sup>). Of these small molecules tested, six displayed a concentration that inhibits response by 50% (IC<sub>50</sub>) value below 100 μM in inhibiting M<sup>p</sup><sup>ro</sup>, and, importantly, three, that is, pimozide, ebastine, and bepridil, are basic molecules that potentiate dual functions by both raising endosomal pH to interfere with SARS-CoV-2 entry into the human cell host and inhibiting M<sup>p</sup><sup>ro</sup> in infected cells. A live virus-based modified microneutralization assay revealed that bepridil possesses significant anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in both Vero E6 and A459/ACE2 cells in a dose-dependent manner with low micromolar effective concentration, 50% (EC<sub>50</sub>) values. Therefore, the current study urges serious considerations of using bepridil in COVID-19 clinical tests.
Quinazoline 3-Oxide Structure of Compounds Previously Described in the Literature as 3.1.4-Benzoxadiazepines<sup>1</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuinazoline 3-Oxide Structure of Compounds Previously Described in the Literature as 3.1.4-Benzoxadiazepines1L. H. Sternbach, S. Kaiser, and E. ReederCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 2, 475–480Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1960https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01487a058Request reuse permissionsArticle Views565Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (817 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Compensation of a digitally controlled static power converter for the damping of rolling mill torsional vibration (1992)

A significant advance in damping of torsional vibration by the application of an additional control loop is described. The control feeds measured spindle torque into the drive current regulator, typically increasing damping by 50 to 100%, which is comparable with other damping methods reviewed. A scale model and a large full-scale mill have both been tested with the new control loop. The increased damping is required as a result of efforts to increase rolling mill production through higher speeds and bite angles, with a consequent increase in the incidence of resonant torsional vibration problems such as shudder or chatter. A large reduction in motor speed drop and recovery time is an additional benefit. Tuning of the motor speed and current regulators can be of some help in improving the damping of the drive system; however, the speed-sensor ripple and sampling delays of the digital speed regulator limit the scope for improvement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ketoconazole high dose (H.D.) in the management of hormonally pretreated patients with progressive metastatic prostate cancer. (1987)

Ketoconazole high dose (H.D.) reduces effectively the testosterone production in both adrenals and testes. Its use in the management of (metastatic) prostate cancer has been advocated. Even in relapsing patients after previous hormonal therapy Ketoconazole H.D. could be of value. 28 Relapsing patients, of whom 15 were evaluable at 3 months, have been treated with Ketoconazole H.D. As could be expected, objective response was seen in only a small number of patients followed up till 9 months. Subjective improvement was however noticed in the majority of symptomatic patients. The side effects and toxicity of the therapy remains however a major limitation for the use of Ketoconazole, be it as first line treatment or as therapy for relapsing patients.
Maternal one-carbon nutrient intake and cancer risk in offspring (2011)

Dietary intake of one-carbon nutrients, particularly folate, vitamin B(2) (riboflavin), vitamin B(6) , vitamin B(12) , and choline have been linked to the risk of cancers of the colon and breast in both human and animal studies. More recently, experimental and epidemiological data have emerged to suggest that maternal intake of these nutrients during gestation may also have an impact on the risk of cancer in offspring later in life. Given the plasticity of DNA methylation in the developing embryo and the established role of one-carbon metabolism in supporting biological methylation reactions, it is plausible that alterations in maternal one-carbon nutrient availability might induce subtle epigenetic changes in the developing embryo and fetus that persist into later life, altering the risk of tumorigenesis throughout the lifespan. This review summarizes the current literature on maternal one-carbon nutrient intake and offspring cancer risk, with an emphasis on cancers of the colon and breast, and discusses specific epigenetic modifications that may play a role in their pathogenesis.
Prosthetic heart valve evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging (1999)

Display and interpretation of fluid and blood velocity data obtained downstream of prosthetic valves is feasible both in vitro and in vivo using the MRI technique. An in vitro model with a straight tube and the test valve oriented orthogonally to the long axis of the test tube does not entail fluid velocity profiles which are compatible to those obtained from humans, probably due to the much more complex human geometry, and variable alignment of the valve with the ascending aorta. With the steadily improving quality of MRI scanners this technique has significant potential for comparative in vitro and in vivo hemodynamic evaluation of heart valves.