gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemistry in Quantitative Language (2021)

Abstract Chemistry in Quantitative Language is an invaluable guide to solving chemical equations and calculations. It provides readers with intuitive and systematic strategies to carry out the many kinds of calculations they will meet in general chemistry. Each chapter introduces the basic theories and concepts of a particular topic, focusing on relevant equations. Worked examples illuminate each type of problem, with carefully explained step-by-step solutions. Since chemistry problems can be presented in a number of ways, the examples include several versions of each question. To help students understand and retain the procedures, the solutions discuss not only what steps to carry out to reach solutions, but why. Additional problems, with answers, are included at the end of each chapter. The book is intended as a companion to a standard chemistry textbook, but can also be used on its own for review. Its primary audience is students in first-year college and university chemistry classes; it can also help in preparing for GCE Advanced Level, GRE subject test, AP Chemistry, MCAT and similar tests.
Evidence for direct local effect of angiotensin in vascular hypertrophy. In vivo gene transfer of angiotensin converting enzyme. (1994)

In vitro studies have demonstrated that angiotensin (Ang) II directly stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth. However, it is still unclear if Ang II exerts a direct effect on vascular hypertrophy in vivo independent of its effect on blood pressure. In vivo gene transfer provides the opportunity to assess the effects of increased activity of the vascular angiotensin system in the intact animal while avoiding an increase in circulating angiotensin or in blood pressure. Accordingly, we transfected the human angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) vector into intact rat carotid arteries by the hemagglutinating virus of Japan-liposome method. 3 d after transfection, we detected increased ACE activity in the transfected artery. Immunohistochemistry localized immunoreactive ACE in the medial VSMC as well as in the intimal endothelial cells. The increase in vascular ACE activity was associated with a parallel increase in DNA synthesis as assessed by BrdU (bromo-deoxyuridine) index and vascular DNA content. This increase in DNA synthesis was abolished by the in vivo administration of an Ang II receptor-specific antagonist (DuP 753). Morphometry at 2 wk after transfection revealed an increase in the wall to lumen ratio of the ACE-transfected blood vessel as compared with control vector transfected vessels. This was accompanied by increases in protein and DNA contents without an increase in cell number. Local transfection of ACE vector did not result in systemic effects such as increased blood pressure, heart rate, or serum ACE activity. These morphological changes were abolished by the administration of the Ang II receptor antagonist. In this study, we used in vivo gene transfer to increase local expression of vascular angiotensin converting enzyme and provided proof that increased autocrine/paracrine angiotensin can directly cause vascular hypertrophy independent of systemic factors and hemodynamic effects. This approach has important potentials for defining the role of autocrine/paracrine substances in vascular biology and hypertension.
On the electronic character of oxygen-transfer reactions (2000)

Charge Decomposition Analysis (CDA) applied to transition states of ethylene epoxidation is a quantum-chemical probe for the electronic character of oxygen-transfer reactions.
Analysis of anticentromere autoantibodies using cloned autoantigen CENP-B. (1987)

A cDNA clone encoding CENP-B, the 80-kDa human centromere autoantigen, was used to construct a panel of hybrid proteins containing four different regions of CENP-B. These have allowed us to identify three independent epitopes on CENP-B that are targets of autoantibodies. Two of these are recognized concurrently in greater than or equal to 90% of patient sera containing anticentromere autoantibodies (ACA), conclusively demonstrating that this autoimmune response is polyclonal. When present and previous data are combined, ACA are shown to recognize at least five independent epitopes on CENP-B. A radioimmunoassay based on cloned CENP-B has demonstrated that sera from greater than or equal to 96% of patients with ACA recognize the cloned antigen, thus defining a region of the protein that is recognized by virtually all patients with ACA. These findings have significant implications for models that seek to explain the origin of ACA and for the future detection of this group of autoantibodies in the clinical setting.
Simultaneous Voltage and Calcium Mapping of Genetically Purified Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Cardiac Myocyte Monolayers (2012)

The multiparametric imaging system presented here offers a scalable enabling technology to measure simultaneously action potential and intracellular calcium wave amplitude and dynamics of cardiac monolayers. The advent of large-scale production of human iPSC-CMs makes it possible to now generate sufficient numbers of uniform cardiac monolayers that can be utilized for the study of arrhythmia mechanisms and offers advantages over commonly used rodent models.
SULFOPHTHALOCYANINES FOR PHOTODYNAMIC INACTIVATION OF VIRUSES IN BLOOD PRODUCTS: EFFECT OF STRUCTURAL MODIFICATIONS (1995)

Transmission of infectious disease through blood transfusions is well known. Ultraviolet irradiation, solvents, and detergents provide a means of sterilizing noncellular blood components. However, these harsh methods are not applicable to cellular blood products. Recently, attempts have been made to sterilize biological fluids using photodynamic treatment and phthalocyanine (Pc) dyes have been advanced as photosensitizers for this purpose. We have evaluated a series of water-soluble Pc, chelated with different central metal ions, substituted to different degrees with sulfonato and t-butyl groups, for their effectiveness to reduce virus infectivity in red blood cell suspensions. Vaccinia virus cytopathogenicity was determined by endpoint serial dilutions in the CV-1 cell line. Anti-viral activity increased with the central metal ion in the following: Ga(III) < Al(III) < Zn(II), and varied inversely with the degree of sulfonation. Furthermore, addition of a t-butyl group onto the trisulfonated dyes (PcS3[t-Bu]) resulted in a 5-40-fold increase in anti-viral potency, suggesting that amphiphilicity enhances the photodynamic activity of the dye. Strong anti-viral photosensitizing properties cannot be the sole selection criterion. Of equal importance is the preservation of blood component integrity. Accordingly, the photohemolytic activity of the dyes was evaluated using the rate of hemolysis as a parameter and a toxicity index was defined. Among the most active dyes, the AlPcS3(t-Bu) complex exhibited the most favorable anti-viral properties combined with a low toxicity index. Our results suggest that trisulfophthalocyanines, bearing an additional t-butyl group to enhance amphiphilicity, are particularly promising dyes for photodynamic blood sterilization.
Trigonal Boracites — A New Type of Ferroelectric and Ferromagnetoelectric that Allows no 180° Electric Polarization Reversal (1970)

Abstract The space group of the trigonal phase of the FeCl, FeBr, FeI, CoCl, and ZnCl boracites is established as C . Ferroelectricity is evidenced by domain switching. High coercive fields at room temperature (up to 800 kV/cm) are found. Polarization‐microscopical studies show that the polarization vector is not reversible by 180° but can jump only from, e.g., [111] to [111], [111], or [111], etc., in accord with crystal structure and group theoretical symmetry considerations. Two twinning “laws” are observed: a) head—head (tail—tail) domains with {110} cub as composition plane and b) head—tail domains with {100} cub as composition plane. The domain structure and the relevant twinning operations are discussed. The onset of ferromagnetism at low temperature in FeCl, FeBr, FeI, and CoCl boracites leads to ferromagnetoelectricity. In the case of CoCl boracite the ferromagentoelectric point group is m.
OSHI - Open Source Hybrid IP/SDN Networking (and its Emulation on Mininet and on Distributed SDN Testbeds) (2014)

The introduction of SDN in IP backbones requires the coexistence of regular IP forwarding and SDN based forwarding. The former is typically applied to best effort Internet traffic, the latter can be used for different types of advanced services (VPNs, Virtual Leased Lines, Traffic Engineering). In this paper we first introduce the architecture and the services of an "hybrid" IP/SDN networking scenario. Then we describe the design and implementation of an Open Source Hybrid IP/SDN (OSHI) node. It combines Quagga for OSPF routing and Open vSwitch for OpenFlow based switching on Linux. The availability of tools for experimental validation and performance evaluation of SDN solutions is fundamental for the evolution of SDN. We provide a set of open source tools that allow to facilitate the design of hybrid IP/SDN experimental networks, their deployment on Mininet or on distributed SDN research testbeds and their test. Finally, using the provided tools, we evaluate key performance aspects of the proposed solutions. The OSHI development and test environment is available in a VirtualBox VM image that can be downloaded.
Treatment of Severe Pneumonia due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Candida krusei with Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF): A Case Report (1993)

A 24-year-old male with chronic renal failure on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) complained of cough and dyspnea. Chest X-ray film showed a pneumonia shadow and MRSA and Candida krusei were detected in the sputum. Pneumonia improved with vancomycin and fluconazole. Treatment with methylprednisolone was needed for retinodialysis. After this treatment, pneumonia deteriorated. Pneumonia did not improve with vancomycin and anti-fungal agents. This severe pneumonia was improved with a combination therapy of vancomycin, miconazole and G-CSF. A combination therapy of antibiotics and G-CSF is considered to be effective for severe pneumonia.
Thick-Film Multilayer Ion Sensors for Biomedical Applications (1992)

Planar format thick film ion sensors have been designed for biomedical applications. The multilayer sensor structure consists of layers sequentially deposited on a ceramic substrate using a screen printing process. All layers are of solid composition with the uppermost chemically active layer consisting of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Because no aqueous layers are used in the construction, the resulting devices are stable and robust. The PVC layer serves as a common membrane vehicle for a multitude of ion specific ligands that may be patterned on a substrate. This paper describes the chemical and electrochemical principles of design, construction and measurement of ion sensing devices for blood electrolytes; K+, Na+, Cl-, HCO3-, pH and the potential for many other clinically significant tests. The more pragmatic issues of packaging design and materials of construction are treated in the context of device performance (i.e., analytical efficacy, reliability and stability) for the biological application intended.
Extracorporeal Photo-Immunotherapy for Circulating Tumor Cells (2015)

It is well established that metastasis through the circulatory system is primarily caused by circulating tumor cells (CTCs). In this preliminary effort, we report an approach to eliminate circulating tumor cells from the blood stream by flowing the blood though an extracorporeal tube and applying photodynamic therapy (PDT). Chlorin e6 (Ce6), a photosensitizer, was conjugated to CD44 antibody in order to target PC-3, a prostate cancer cell line. PC-3 cells were successfully stained by the Ce6-CD44 antibody conjugate. PDT was performed on whole blood spiked with stained PC-3 cells. As the blood circulated through a thin transparent medical tube, it was exposed to light of 660 nm wavelength generated by an LED array. An exposure of two minutes was sufficient to achieve selective cancer cell necrosis. In comparison, to PDT of cells growing inside a tissue culture, the PDT on thin tube exhibited significantly enhanced efficiency in cell killing, by minimizing light attenuation by blood. It suggests a new extracorporeal methodology of PDT for treating CTCs as well as other hematological pathogens.
Streptococcus group G septic polyarthritis. (1985)

A case of streptococcus group G polyarthritis has been identified from blood and synovial fluid cultures and was sensitive to penicillin G. The clinical tendency to polyarticular infection by this organism and its discordant response to the antibiotics indicated by in vitro studies are discussed.
Conservation of the initiation protein of chromosomal replication in bacteria. (1988)

A gene highly homologous to the Escherichia coli dnaA gene, essential for initiation of chromosomal replication, is conserved in evolutionarily diverged bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida and Micrococcus luteus. In addition, a unique repeating sequence, DnaA-box, present in E. coli oriC and recognized by DnaA protein, is clustered in noncoding regions flanking these putative dnaA genes. These results suggests that interaction between DnaA protein and DnaA- box is key step in the initiation of bacterial chromosomal replication in common. Some preliminary results concerning evolution of regulation of chromosomal replication are also discussed.
Cell-type specificity of regulatory elements identified by linker scanning mutagenesis in the promoter of the chicken lysozyme gene (1989)

The chicken lysozyme gene is constitutively expressed in macrophages, in oviduct cells its expression is controlled by steroid hormones, and in fibroblasts the gene is not expressed. A fusion gene consisting of promoter sequences of the lysozyme gene from -208 to +15 in front of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) coding region was more than 50 times less active in non-expressing cells as compared to expressing cells. In order to identify the element(s) responsible for this cell-type specificity 31 different linker scanning mutations were generated within this promoter fragment and analyzed by transient transfections in the three types of chicken cells mentioned above. Three mutation sensitive regions located around position -25, -100 and between -158 and -208 were detected in each cell type, however, several LS mutations displayed clear cell-type specific differences in their phenotypic effects. Interestingly, a few LS mutations led to an increase in promoter activity in fibroblasts suggesting that the corresponding wildtype sequences represent binding sites for negatively acting transcription factors.
Semiconductor Quantum Wells and Superlattices for Long-Wavelength Infrared Detectors (1993)

Introduction to long-wavelength infrared quantum detectors theoretical modeling of the intersubband transitions in III-V semiconductor multiple quantum wells far-infrared materials based on InAs/GaInSb type II strained-layer superlattices infrared detectors using SiGe/Si quantum well structures type III superlattices for long-wavelength infrared detectors - the Hg/TeCaTe system.
Effect of enforced expression of human bcl-2 on Japanese encephalitis virus-induced apoptosis in cultured cells (1997)

Infection by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, causes acute encephalitis in humans and induces severe cytopathic effects in different types of cultured cells. This study attempted to determine whether apoptosis contributes to virus-induced cell death in a culture system by characterizing JEV lytic infection in baby hamster kidney BHK-21 cells, murine neuroblastoma N18 cells, and human neuronal progenitor NT2 cells. According to our results, the replication of JEV, and not the UV-inactivated virions per se, triggered apoptosis in these cell lines, as evidenced by nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation ladder, and in situ end labeling of DNA strand breaks with terminal transferase (terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay). Different strains of JEV, regardless of whether they are neurovirulent to mice, could induce apoptosis of the infected cells. In addition, enforced expression of the human protooncogene bcl-2 in BHK-21 cells, which did not influence virus production, appeared to delay the process of JEV-induced apoptosis, despite the fact that most infected cells were inevitably killed after prolonged cultures. However, Bcl-2 proteins expressed in N18 cells failed to block JEV-induced apoptosis, although they did prevent Sindbis virus-induced apoptosis from occurring in the same cells. This finding suggests that these two viruses may utilize similar but not identical mechanisms to kill their infected cells. The results presented here thus demonstrate that apoptosis can be a general mechanism for JEV-induced cell death and that enforced bcl-2 expression may be inadequate in protecting all cell types from JEV-induced apoptosis in cell cultures.
Viral Mediated Redirection of NEMO/IKKγ to Autophagosomes Curtails the Inflammatory Cascade (2012)

The early host response to viral infections involves transient activation of pattern recognition receptors leading to an induction of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Subsequent activation of cytokine receptors in an autocrine and paracrine manner results in an inflammatory cascade. The precise mechanisms by which viruses avert an inflammatory cascade are incompletely understood. Nuclear factor (NF)-κB is a central regulator of the inflammatory signaling cascade that is controlled by inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB) proteins and the IκB kinase (IKK) complex. In this study we show that murine cytomegalovirus inhibits the inflammatory cascade by blocking Toll-like receptor (TLR) and IL-1 receptor-dependent NF-κB activation. Inhibition occurs through an interaction of the viral M45 protein with the NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO), the regulatory subunit of the IKK complex. M45 induces proteasome-independent degradation of NEMO by targeting NEMO to autophagosomes for subsequent degradation in lysosomes. We propose that the selective and irreversible degradation of a central regulatory protein by autophagy represents a new viral strategy to dampen the inflammatory response.
A mobile payment scheme using 2D-barcode (2013)

The mobile payment service is an important and popular service that attracts attentions. Number of mobile users is growing up every day. The users like to have more and more services ready on the wireless networks. Companies try to produce more smart phones while customers buy and use them. More smart phones mean a more proper infrastructure to use 2-dimensional barcodes (2D-barcodes) in mobile payment solutions. We have designed and developed a new m-payment approach in which customers use their mobile phones as 2D-barcode encoder to generate 2D-barcodes. Then, they send the generated 2D-barcodes to the merchant's terminal as valuable coupons. The method introduced here is easy for customer to utilize and is light for mobile set to process; it also does not impose a high cost for customers when they want to sign up.
The Synthesis of 6,7-Diethyl-9-(D-1<sup>1</sup>-ribityl)-isoalloxazine<sup>1</sup> (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of 6,7-Diethyl-9-(D-11-ribityl)-isoalloxazine1John P. LambooyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 11, 5225–5228Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01167a122https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01167a122research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views94Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of piezoelectric energy harvesting system with tunable SECE interface (2017)

International audience
A bibliography of combined liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (1983)

A compilation of reference to the development and application of the dynamic combination of liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry is presented. Additionally, author and subject indices have been complied.
Assessing gait impairment after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats using an automated computer-aided control system (2013)

Systematic gait analyses have been widely used in clinical settings as a reliable means of evaluating stroke severity and the efficacy of rehabilitation on people. However, the extent of gait changes post-stroke in experimental quadrupeds remains to be explored. To date, gait studies in cerebral ischemia have been limited to the mild ischemia-reperfusion model. However, studies on pathophysiology and therapy of experimental stroke suggest that permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) is more similar to naturally occurring cerebral ischemia in humans. This is the first preclinical study to demonstrate that pMCAO rats can be used to assess long-term functional deficits related to gait by a computer-assisted method. Our gait analysis results demonstrate obvious gait deficits in the acute phase of the disease. During recovery, gait function gradually improved, but deficits were still detectable 42 days post-pMCAO. Objective and accurate photogrammetric parameters were used to illuminate laws of impairment and compensation in rats at different stages of cerebral ischemia in injured and uninjured limbs during walking. Compared to previous gait studies involving transient (t) MCAO rats, gait changes observed in pMCAO rats were more similar to changes following naturally occurring cerebral ischemia in humans. Importantly, the average body rotation and propulsion index, not previously used, are specific parameters for accurately assessing gait function during the acute phase of post-pMCAO. Furthermore, the gait test results revealed significant correlations between the final infarction volume and earlier behavioral outcomes. In conclusion, the gait analysis is a promising tool for assessing cerebral ischemia severity, and that it may provide a new means of investigating mechanisms of cerebral ischemia and evaluating potential therapies.