gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FIELD IONIZATION AND FIELD DESORPTION MASS SPECTROMETRY: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFIELD IONIZATION AND FIELD DESORPTION MASS SPECTROMETRY: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURERobert P. Lattimer and Harts-Rolf SchultenCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 21, 1201A–1215APublication Date (Print):November 1, 1989Publication History Published online30 May 2012Published inissue 1 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00196a721https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00196a721research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views312Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Towards self-adaptive caches: A run-time reconfigurable multi-core infrastructure (2014)

This paper presents the first steps towards the implementation of an evolvable and self-adaptable processor cache. The implemented system consists of a run-time reconfigurable memory-to-cache address mapping engine embedded into the split level one cache of a Leon3 SPARC processor as well as of an measurement infrastructure able to profile microarchitectural and custom logic events based on the standard Linux performance measurement interface perf_event. The implementation shows, how reconfiguration of the very basic processor properties, and fine granular profiling of custom logic and integer unit events can be realized and meaningfully used to create an adaptable multi-core embedded system.
New approaches to transillumination imaging (1988)

A review of the current state of transillumination imaging for the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer and the difficulties that impede more widespread acceptance of the methods is presented. An outline is given of the physical models that may be used to describe the propagation and scattering of light in a tissue matrix and how these models might be valuable in identifying imaging improvements. Some of the proposals for future imaging arrangements are described and the preliminary work on a system for light transmission computed tomography is presented.
Mechanism of Action of the Microtubule-Targeted Antimitotic Depsipeptide Tasidotin (Formerly ILX651) and Its Major Metabolite Tasidotin C-Carboxylate (2007)

Tasidotin (ILX-651), an orally active synthetic microtubule-targeted derivative of the marine depsipeptide dolastatin-15, is currently undergoing clinical evaluation for cancer treatment. Tasidotin inhibited proliferation of MCF7/GFP breast cancer cells with an IC(50) of 63 nmol/L and inhibited mitosis with an IC(50) of 72 nmol/L in the absence of detectable effects on spindle microtubule polymer mass. Tasidotin inhibited the polymerization of purified tubulin into microtubules weakly (IC(50) approximately 30 micromol/L). However, it strongly suppressed the dynamic instability behavior of the microtubules at their plus ends at concentrations approximately 5 to 10 times below those required to inhibit polymerization. Its major actions were to reduce the shortening rate, the switching frequency from growth to shortening (catastrophe frequency), and the fraction of time the microtubules grew. In contrast with all other microtubule-targeted drugs thus far examined that can inhibit polymerization, tasidotin did not inhibit the growth rate. In contrast to stabilizing plus ends, tasidotin enhanced microtubule dynamic instability at minus ends, increasing the shortening length, the fraction of time the microtubules shortened, and the catastrophe frequency and reducing the rescue frequency. Tasidotin C-carboxylate, the major intracellular metabolite of tasidotin, altered dynamic instability of purified microtubules in a qualitatively similar manner to tasidotin but was 10 to 30 times more potent. The results suggest that the principal mechanism by which tasidotin inhibits cell proliferation is by suppressing spindle microtubule dynamics. Tasidotin may be a relatively weak prodrug for the functionally active tasidotin C-carboxylate.
Using polarimetric imaging for material classification (2004)

In this paper we are mainly interested in the classification of images into different clusters, each corresponding to an object material in the imaged scene. For that purpose, the use of a polarimetric-based imaging system is proposed. This system has been developed in order to enlighten the huge potential of the information contained in polarization encoded images. This paper reports the experimental apparatus and its application to the classification process.
Synthesis and properties of tachyplesin I, a lipopolysaccharide‐binding peptide, from <i>Tachypleus tridentatus</i> (1989)

Tachyplesin I, a cationic heptadecapeptide amide containing two disulfide bonds isolated from hemocytes of Tachypleus tridentatus , which binds to lipopolysaccharide, was synthesized by a solid‐phase procedure. Reduction and oxidation of the deprotected peptide amide yielded an identical peptide to native tachyplesin I in terms of chemical and biological properties. Tachyplesin 1 was found to bind to alkylphosphorylcholine accompanied by perturbation of its tyrosyl and tryptophyl residues but bound only weakly to N ‐acetyl‐D‐glucosamine tetramer.
Versatile 5‘-Functionalization of Oligonucleotides on Solid Support:  Amines, Azides, Thiols, and Thioethers via Phosphorus Chemistry (2004)

Although the preparation of conjugates of oligonucleotides is by now commonplace, existing methods (usually utilizing thiols or primary amines) are generally expensive, and often require postsynthetic reaction with the DNA followed by a separate purification. Here we describe simple procedures for a broad set of direct 5'-end (5'-terminal carbon) functionalizations of DNA oligonucleotides while they remain on the synthesizer column. 5'-Iodinated oligonucleotides (prepared by an automated cycle as previously reported) are converted directly to 5'-azides, 5'-thiocarbamates, and alkyl and aryl 5'-thioethers in high yields. Further, we demonstrate high-yielding conversions of DNA-azides to 5'-amines, and of thiocarbamates to 5'-thiols. Finally, we report a new, one-pot conversion of naturally substituted 5'-OH oligonucleotides (again on the solid support) to 5'-amino-oligonucleotides. All of the above reactions are demonstrated in multiple sequence contexts. Most of the procedures are automatable.
Bonding in Paper and Nonwovens (1972)

The manipulation of the physical characteristics of nonwovens and paper by variation of fiber and web geometry is briefly reviewed in terms of a new system of bonding in which the adhesive interfiber forces are a consequence of ionic chemical bonds. These bonds were created by the sequential covalent introduction of anionic sites onto the interior and exterior surfaces of microporous pulp and rayon fibers using a chloro-s-triazinyl fiber reactive dye and subsequent stoichiometric reaction with crosslinking polycations derived from ethylenimine. The tensile properties of both the pulp and rayon fiber assemblages were significantly augmented as a result of the development of both ionic inter- and intra-fiber bonds.
The PSF·p54nrb Complex Is a Novel Mnk Substrate That Binds the mRNA for Tumor Necrosis Factor α (2007)

To identify new potential substrates for the MAP kinase signal-integrating kinases (Mnks), we employed a proteomic approach. The Mnks are targeted to the translational machinery through their interaction with the cap-binding initiation factor complex. We tested whether proteins retained on cap resin were substrates for the Mnks in vitro, and identified one such protein as PSF (the PTB (polypyrimidine tract-binding protein)-associated splicing factor). Mnks phosphorylate PSF at two sites in vitro, and our data show that PSF is an Mnk substrate in vivo. We also demonstrate that PSF, together with its partner, p54(nrb), binds RNAs that contain AU-rich elements (AREs), such as those for proinflammatory cytokines (e.g. tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)). Indeed, PSF associates specifically with the TNFalpha mRNA in living cells. PSF is phosphorylated at two sites by the Mnks. Our data show that Mnk-mediated phosphorylation increases the binding of PSF to the TNFalpha mRNA in living cells. These findings identify a novel Mnk substrate. They also suggest that the Mnk-catalyzed phosphorylation of PSF may regulate the fate of specific mRNAs by modulating their binding to PSF.p54(nrb).
Moving iconic objects in scientific visualization (1990)

The visualization and interpretation of multidimensional data in space can be substantially enhanced by the introduction of independently moving visual objects. These bird-oid objects or [1], derive from: (1) icons which are geometric objects whose shape and appearance are related to the field variables, (2) 3-dimensional cursors by which a user interactively picks a point in space, (3) particle traces, which are numerically integrated trajectories in space, (4) moving frames of vectors along space curves, and (5) actors which are programming objects which can create and destroy instances of themselves, act according to internal logic, and communicate with each other and with a user. A software prototype in the C++ language has been developed which demonstrates some of the capabilities of these objects for the visualization of scalar, vector, and tensor fields defined over finite elements or finite volumes. Visualization using boids requires fewer rendered graphical primitives, allows a higher degree of interactivity, and permits automated knowledge navigation amid data which is organized spatially.
Study of WLAN Fingerprinting Indoor Positioning Technology based on Smart Phone (2015)

Wireless LAN fingerprinting positioning technology is applied in indoor space equipped with some Wireless LAN access points. WLAN fingerprinting positioning technology utilize specified devices to receive WLAN signal and analyze signal strength in order to establish complete fingerprint database which experimental data can be loaded into to accomplish final positioning target under the instruction of specified pattern matching algorithm. Smart phone was developed into such a device to receive WLAN signal. After establishing fingerprint database, two pattern matching algorithms are used to achieve positioning target and verify the influence on positioning accuracy by WLAN signal direction and WLAN access point number.
Aclidinium bromide, a novel long-acting muscarinic M3 antagonist for the treatment of COPD. (2009)

Aclidinium bromide is a novel, inhaled, long-acting antimuscarinic agent being developed by Almirall Prodesfarma SA and Forest Laboratories Inc as a once-daily treatment for COPD. In preclinical studies, aclidinium bromide demonstrated a comparable profile to tiotropium bromide, with a slightly quicker onset of action but shorter duration of action. Clinical trials have demonstrated an unquestionably interesting pharmacological profile characterized by a faster rate of onset of the smooth muscle relaxing activity than tiotropium bromide and a rapid plasma hydrolysis in human plasma to inactive metabolites that may account for its favorable cardiovascular safety profile. However, the disappointing efficacy results of the recent phase III trials have cast doubt on the real advantage of introducing this drug on the market. Discussions with the FDA concluded that more trials are needed to assess selected dosing regimens, including higher and/or more frequent doses. At the time of publication, further phase III trials with aclidinium bromide were ongoing, and the developing companies were also extending development to combinations of aclidinium bromide with formoterol or an undisclosed inhaled corticosteroid.
Field Measurement on Simple Vehicle-Mounted Antenna System Using a Geostationary Satellite (2010)

This paper presents a field measurement of a simple antenna system mounted on a vehicle by utilizing a geostationary test satellite called Engineering Test Satellite VIII (ETS-VIII). Our developed antenna system is compact, lightweight, and promising for low-cost production. The antenna system is constructed by a 16-cm patch array antenna, which has simple satellite tracking that is controlled by a control unit as the vehicle's bearing is updated from a navigation system in real time. A Global Positioning System (GPS) module is utilized for the navigation system to provide accurate information of the vehicle's position and bearing during traveling. A control unit is provided as antenna-beam control and measured-data acquisition. We thoroughly examine the developed system in field measurements under open field areas and blockage areas in order to evaluate the propagation characteristics caused by utility poles, pedestrian overpasses, and vegetation-covered roads. In this measurement, the received signal power and the average bit error rate (BER) are simultaneously retrieved. Steadily received levels and average BER are satisfactorily attained during satellite tracking in open field areas. Moreover, the fade characteristics and average BER performance are also investigated during signal blockage. The results show that different environments give different degrees of attenuation, which affects the BER performance in terms of fade depth. Ultimately, our proposed antenna system can contribute to the design of future cost-effective mobile satellite communications.
An Evidential Approach for Network Interface Selection in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks (2016)

When several networks (e.g., Wi-Fi, UMTS, and LTE) cover the same region, the mobile terminals that are equipped with multiple network interfaces provide the possibility for mobile end-users to select their believed best network. This is known as the network selection problem, which is a decision making problem with multiple criteria (network conditions, service requirements, terminal characteristics, and user needs). Many network selection solutions using different mathematical theories have been proposed in the literature to allow the best connectivity for applications, users, and terminals. Unfortunately, most approaches for the network selection do not make effective selection decisions, since they are vulnerable to the uncertainty and imprecision related to network state information. In this paper, we investigate the belief functions theory to devise an efficient lightweight uncertainty- aware network interface selection scheme. We provide analytical studies and simulation experiments to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed solution.
Engineering triterpene production in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>–β‐amyrin synthase from <i>Artemisia annua</i> (2008)

Using a degenerate primer designed from triterpene synthase sequences, we have isolated a new gene from the medicinal plant Artemisia annua. The predicted protein is highly similar to beta-amyrin synthases (EC 5.4.99.-), sharing amino acid sequence identities of up to 86%. Expression of the gene, designated AaBAS, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, followed by GC/MS analysis, confirmed the encoded enzyme as a beta-amyrin synthase. Through engineering the sterol pathway in S. cerevisiae, we explore strategies for increasing triterpene production, using AaBAS as a test case. By manipulation of two key enzymes in the pathway, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase and lanosterol synthase, we have improved beta-amyrin production by 50%, achieving levels of 6 mg.L(-1) culture. As we have observed a 12-fold increase in squalene levels, it appears that this strain has the capacity for even higher beta-amyrin production. Options for further engineering efforts are explored.
Halogenated Benzophenoxazine Dyes (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHalogenated Benzophenoxazine DyesHenry A. SloviterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 10, 3360–3362Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01178a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01178a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views201Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Simple <i>Aplysia</i>-Like Spiking Neural Network to Generate Adaptive Behavior in Autonomous Robots (2008)

In this article, we describe an adaptive controller for an autonomous mobile robot with a simple structure. Sensorimotor connections were made using a three-layered spiking neural network (SNN) with only one hidden-layer neuron and synapses with spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP). In the SNN controller, synapses from the hidden-layer neuron to the motor neurons received presynaptic modulation signals from sensory neurons, a mechanism similar to that of the withdrawal reflex circuit of the sea slug, Aplysia. The synaptic weights were modified dependent on the firing rates of the presynaptic modulation signal and that of the hidden-layer neuron by STDP. In experiments using a real robot, which uses a similar simple SNN controller, the robot adapted quickly to the given environment in a single trial by organizing the weights, acquired navigation and obstacle-avoidance behavior. In addition, it followed dynamical changes in the environment. This associative learning scheme can be a new strategy for constructing adaptive agents with minimal structures, and may be utilized as an essential mechanism of an SNN ensemble that binds multiple sensory inputs and generates multiple motor outputs.
Plasma ignition in a quarter-wavelength microwave slot resonator (2008)

A new microwave plasma source concept, particularly for use in the atmospheric pressure region, is presented where impedance matching is realized by a quarter-wavelength waveguide resonator structure. The waveguide is formed by a slot of 100 µm width machined into a copper sheet of 50 mm × 10 mm with a thickness of 200 µm. The slot length for a resonance frequency of 2 GHz is approximately 37.5 mm. This allows generating voltages high enough for ignition of an atmospheric plasma by this very small, simple and easy-to-fabricate structure. After ignition, the plasma extends over approximately 12 mm length of the slot, so a high electrode lifetime can be expected. Furthermore, the planar geometry of this source facilitates up-scaling to array configurations, which allows realization of a distributed source for treating large areas. Basic ignition parameters are investigated. Statistics for multiple ignitions are presented and the resulting Paschen characteristics are shown in the pressure region from 100 Pa to atmospheric pressure.
Calculation of resistances to ground (1936)

Formulas for practical use in the calculation of the resistances from grounding conductors of various forms to the earth are given in this paper and their use illustrated by examples. The accuracy of the formulas varies considerably, as discussed in the paper, but is sufficiently good that the methods should be helpful to those whose work involves problems of grounding.
Parameter study of OFDM underwater communications system (2002)

Design criteria and analysis procedures for a practical OFDM underwater communications system are presented. A new broadband underwater channel model with Doppler time scaling effect is developed. A two-dimensional MMSE scheme using time and frequency pilots is employed for channel estimation. Doppler frequency shift is estimated using cyclic prefix and is compensated by a digital sampling rate conversion procedure. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the OFDM technique is robust with respect to frequency selectivity and time selectivity.
The Effect of In-Cylinder Wall Wetting Location on the HC Emissions from SI Engines (1999)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The effect of combustion chamber wall-wetting on the emissions of unburned and partially-burned hydrocarbons (HCs) from gasoline-fueled SI engines was investigated experimentally. A spark-plug mounted directional injection probe was developed to study the fate of liquid fuel which impinges on different surfaces of the combustion chamber, and to quantify its contribution to the HC emissions from direct-injected (DI) and port-fuel injected (PFI) engines. With this probe, a controlled amount of liquid fuel was deposited on a given location within the combustion chamber at a desired crank angle while the engine was operated on pre-mixed LPG. Thus, with this technique, the HC emissions due to in-cylinder wall wetting were studied independently of all other HC sources.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Results from these tests show that the location where liquid fuel impinges on the combustion chamber has a very important effect on the resulting HC emissions. The highest HC emissions resulted from fuel impingement on the exhaust-side of the cylinder liner, and wetting on the piston-top was second in importance. The HC emissions due to this mechanism were found to be insensitive to the timing of the injection and to the coolant temperature. This surprising result is indicative of low vaporization rates for the liquid gasoline on the combustion chamber surfaces. The results presented here indicate that the impingement of liquid fuel on the piston top and cylinder liner is an important source of HC emissions from direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engines, and that this mechanism is at least partially responsible for their high HC emissions.</div>