gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast 3d Laser Micromachining Of Silicon For Micromechanical And Microfluidic Applications (2005)

The application of laser direct etching of silicon in processing devices for microelectromechanical systems is discussed. The direct write system presented in this paper features high writing speed, high resolution, and large access range. The possibilities of micromachining truly three-dimensional structures, rapid prototyping, processing on non-planar substrates, complementary processing and post-processing through laser direct etching are demonstrated. Examples include prototypes of micromachined diffuser/nozzle elements illustrating the potential for microfluidic devices and structures cut out of a membrane, which both show the high flexibility of this process.
Design and Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks with Four-Arm Cores: Prediction of Remarkable Ambipolar Charge-Transport Properties (2019)

We have considered three two-dimensional (2D) π-conjugated polymer networks (i.e., covalent organic frameworks, COFs) materials based on pyrene, porphyrin, and zinc-porphyrin cores connected via diacetylenic linkers. Their electronic structures, investigated at the density functional theory global-hybrid level, are indicative of valence and conduction bands that have large widths, ranging between 1 and 2 eV. Using a molecular approach to derive the electronic couplings between adjacent core units and the electron-vibration couplings, the three π-conjugated 2D COFs are predicted to have ambipolar charge-transport characteristics with electron and hole mobilities in the range of 65-95 cm2V-1s-1. Such predicted values rank these 2D COFs among the highest-mobility organic semiconductors. In addition, we have synthesized the zinc-porphyrin based 2D COF and carried out structural characterization via powder X-ray diffraction and surface area analysis, which demonstrates the feasability of these electroactive networks.
<i>Hand</i>is a direct target of Tinman and GATA factors during<i>Drosophila</i>cardiogenesis and hematopoiesis (2005)

The existence of hemangioblasts, which serve as common progenitors for hematopoietic cells and cardioblasts, has suggested a molecular link between cardiogenesis and hematopoiesis in Drosophila. However, the molecular mediators that might link hematopoiesis and cardiogenesis remain unknown. Here, we show that the highly conserved basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor Hand is expressed in cardioblasts, pericardial nephrocytes and hematopoietic progenitors. The homeodomain protein Tinman and the GATA factors Pannier and Serpent directly activate Hand in these cell types through a minimal enhancer, which is necessary and sufficient to drive Hand expression in these different cell types. Hand is activated by Tinman and Pannier in cardioblasts and pericardial nephrocytes, and by Serpent in hematopoietic progenitors in the lymph gland. These findings place Hand at a nexus of the transcriptional networks that govern cardiogenesis and hematopoiesis, and indicate that the transcriptional pathways involved in development of the cardiovascular, excretory and hematopoietic systems may be more closely related than previously appreciated.
On inter-cluster communication in a time-deterministic WDM star network (1997)

Future real-time applications requiring massively parallel computer systems also put high demands on the interconnection network. By connecting several WDM star clusters by a backbone star, forming a star-of-stars network, we get a modular high-bandwidth network. In this paper we show how to achieve time-deterministic packet switched communication in such networks, even for inter-cluster communication. An analysis of how the deterministic latency and node bandwidth vary with design parameters is presented. We also propose a general clock-synchronization scheme, improving the worst-case latency with up to 33 percentages.
A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Itraconazole Capsules as Antifungal Prophylaxis for Neutropenic Patients (2000)

To evaluate the efficacy of itraconazole capsules in prophylaxis for fungal infections in neutropenic patients, we conducted a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. Patients with hematologic malignancies or those who received autologous bone marrow transplants were assigned either a regimen of itraconazole (100 mg orally twice daily; n=104) or of placebo (n=106). Overall, fungal infections (superficial or systemic) occurred more frequently in the placebo group (15% vs. 6%; P=.03). There were no differences in the empirical use of amphotericin B or systemic fungal infections. Among patients with neutropenia that was profound (<100 neutrophils/mm3) and prolonged (for at least 7 days), those receiving itraconazole used less empirical amphotericin B (22% vs. 61%; P=.0001) and developed fewer systemic fungal infections (6% vs. 19%; P=.04). For patients with profound and prolonged neutropenia, itraconazole capsules at the dosage of 100 mg every 12 h reduce the frequency of systemic fungal infections and the use of empirical amphotericin B.
Comparative chemical screening and genetic analysis reveal tentoxin as a new virulence factor in <scp> <i>C</i> </scp> <i>ochliobolus miyabeanus</i> , the causal agent of brown spot disease on rice (2015)

Brown spot disease, caused by Cochliobolus miyabeanus, is currently considered to be one of the most important yield reducers of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Despite its agricultural importance, little is known about the virulence mechanisms deployed by the fungus. Therefore, we set out to identify novel virulence factors with a role in disease development. This article reports, for the first time, the production of tentoxin by C. miyabeanus as a virulence factor during brown spot disease and the identification of the non-ribosomal protein synthetase (NRPS) CmNps3, responsible for tentoxin biosynthesis. We compared the chemical compounds produced by C. miyabeanus strains differing in virulence ability using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry (HRMS). The production of tentoxin by a highly virulent strain was revealed by principal component analysis of the detected ions and confirmed by UHPLC coupled to tandem-quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The corresponding NRPS was identified by in silico genome analysis and confirmed by gene deletion. Infection tests with wild-type and Cmnps3 mutants showed that tentoxin acts as a virulence factor and is correlated with chlorosis development during the second phase of infection. Although rice has previously been classified as a tentoxin-insensitive plant species, our data demonstrate that tentoxin production by C. miyabeanus affects symptom development.
Bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis (1999)

A THOUGHTful discussion of the subject of the bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis, and offer a useful review of the primary papers. The authors make the important point that these patients are not a homogeneous cohort. The argument about where to measure the pulmonary arteries is a bit academic, and the strengths and weaknesses of various methods have been covered thoroughly in the papers that they reference. Especially in the work of Reddy and associates, 2 a very good case is made for measuring the branches of the pulmonary arteries in addition to central vessels. Slavik et al suggest that a measurement error is introduced because pulmonary arteries do not necessarily have a circular shape in their cross section. While this may be true, their suggestion to solve the problem using the diameter is subject to the same error, although only at a linear rather than geometric level.
Clay-catalyzed Conversion of 2,2-Disubstituted Malononitriles to 2-Oxazolines: Towards Unnatural Amino Acids (1999)

Acidic clay catalyzed reaction of malononitrile derivatives with an excess of 1,2-aminoalcohol furnishes mono-oxazolines selectively; a simple strategy to prepare 2,2-dialkyl-3-aminopropionic acid derivatives is presented.
Cost comparison of four revascularisation procedures for the treatment of multivessel coronary artery disease (2008)

This study demonstrated that 1 year after the initial revascularisation, PCI with BMS is the least costly procedure, followed by off-pump CABG, PCI with DES and on-pump CABG. DES became the most costly procedure if 3.5 or more DES were used or if staged PCI was performed.
Multiplexing and Demultiplexing Digital Audio and Video in Today's Digital Environment (1993)

One of the benefits of serial digital audio and video is the ability to multiplex AES/EBU digital audio with a serial digital video signal. As a result, a single coaxial cable carrying serial component digital video will accommodate up to 12 channels of digital audio. On the other hand, a single coax carrying composite NTSC and PAL digital video will support up to four channels of digital audio. This multiplexed signal can be easily distributed around a facility using existing video patch panels or a serial digital video routing switcher. In addition, other ancillary data, such as time code and source identification information, can also be multiplexed into the same serial digital bit stream. Once these signals have been multiplexed and distributed, it may be necessary to demultiplex the digital audio and other ancillary data from the video to treat those signals independently. This is particularly important in post-production. SMPTE has proposed an audio digital standard, Formatting AES/EBU Audio and Auxiliary Data into Digital Video Ancillary Data Space, which is in committee. The AES audio format is AES3–1992, and is referred to as “AES,” or a 20-bit subset thereof. Details of the proposed specification are described in this article. Also discussed are practical multiplexers and demultiplexers, systems issues such as audio/video timing, and considerations for distribution of AES/EBU audio via twisted shielded pair audio cable versus video coaxial cable.
Handbook of wind energy (2001)

Preface List of symbols Introduction The Wind Resource Aerodynamics of Horizontal-axis Wind Turbines Wind-turbine Performance Design Loads for Horizontal-axis Wind Turbines Conceptual Design of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Component Design The Controller Wind-turbine Installations and Wind Farms Electrical Systems References Index.
Synthesis of (4'R)- and (4'S)-5-(2',2'-Dimethyl-1',3'-dioxolan-4'-yl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazoles and (4'R)-5-(2',2'-Dimethyl-1',3'-dioxolan-4'-yl)-3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole (1990)

Chirsl 3 , 5 disubstituted ~.5-dihydro-1,2,11-oxadi~~oIes 1 % 5 have been prepared starting from benzamidoxime I> and l~-l-1-2.3-~-isopropy(ideneglyceraldehyd[?I.The structure o f 3 was established as l~'~l-5-~2',2'-dimethyl-l~3'-dioxoI~n-11'-yll-3-phenyI-4,5-dihydro-l,2,11-oxadia-zole by X-ray diffraction enalysis on a single crystal.Mild potassium perrranganate oxidation of a mixture o f 3 and?gave the corresponding 1,2,+oxsdiazole 151.
Artemis links ATM to Double Strand Break Rejoining (2005)

Ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM) is a damage response kinase that initiates a signal transduction response to the presence of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) regulating cell cycle checkpoint arrest and apoptosis. Indirect evidence has argued that A-T cells also harbour a repair defect since unrepaired DSBs can be observed in non-replicating A-T cells after ionising radiation (IR). The basis underlying such a repair defect has remained unexplained, however. Artemis, a nuclease, whose activity is modified by phosphorylation in vitro, was recently identified as a novel ATM substrate. Artemis and ATM function in a common pathway required for the processing of a subset of double stranded DNA ends induced by IR prior to rejoining by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). This subset of DSBs are those normally rejoined with slow kinetics. Additional components of the ATM signal transduction pathway, Nbs1, Mre11, H2AX and 53BP1, are also required for this component of DSB repair. This process substantially contributes to survival post irradiation. Our findings add a new dimension to the ATM signal transduction response demonstrating ATM-dependent regulation of an end-processing mechanism that functions during the cell cycle delay effected by ATM.
Recombinant γ-interferon as adjuvant to hepatitis B vaccine in hemodialysis patients† (1990)

Patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis are at high risk of acquiring hepatitis B yet tend to have poor rates of response to hepatitis B vaccine. The effect of recombinant human gamma-interferon (2 million units/m2) on the response to a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine was evaluated in a prospective, randomized controlled trial in 81 hemodialysis patients. A similar proportion of both groups of vaccinees ultimately developed antibody to HBsAg including 81% of the 41 recipients of vaccine alone (group I) and 89% of the 40 recipients of vaccine with gamma-interferon (group II). However, the antibody to HBsAg response occurred earlier in recipients of vaccine with gamma-interferon, so that at 4 mo 63% of group I and 88% of group II had antibody to HBsAg (p less than 0.025). Furthermore, titers of antibody to HBsAg tended to be higher in the vaccinees given interferon; the final geometric mean titers were 232 IU/L in group I and 330 IU/L in group II (p = not significant). Retrospective testing for antibody to hepatitis C virus revealed that 21 (26%) hemodialysis patients were seropositive at entry into this trial, but the presence of antibody to hepatitis C virus did not appear to affect the response rate to the hepatitis B vaccine. These results suggest that the effects of gamma-interferon as an adjuvant in increasing the response rate to hepatitis B vaccination deserve further evaluation perhaps most appropriately in persons who have not responded to an initial course of vaccine.
Further Discussion of Bird Strike Design Issues for Engines with Obscured Fans (2007)

A previous conference presentation (Baltimore, 2004) introduced the subject of obscured turbo-fans and discussed it in the context of bird strikes. In such a case, the bird will have significant interaction with the internal structure of the aircraft intake during its passage from intake lip to fan and damage to the bird may well occur causing it to pose a significantly different threat to the integrity of the engine. This paper explores the possible interactions that take place in such an installation prior to the bird reaching the fan face and makes use of engine and bird structural test data to describe the effect of such interactions on the bird structure. The implications of these interactions on the behavior of the fan during the bird ingestion are then explored; again using test and analytical evidence.
Waveform design for low frequency tomography (2010)

There are multiple applications that would benefit from the ability to produce three dimensional, high resolution, imagery collected at low operating frequency; among them remote archeological survey of ruins through foliage, and searching for voids in collapsed structures and underground. High vertical resolution circular SAR requires the use of wide-to-ultra wideband waveforms, a problematic aspect in the modern RF spectral environment, particularly at lower frequencies. RF tomography offers the potential to yield high, 3-dimensional resolution using spectrally sparse, narrowband waveforms simultaneously with operation at frequencies that have demonstrated favorable penetration through intervening dielectric media. In this paper we explore this potential by evaluating minimal spatial support tomographic apertures combining diverse narrowband signals with the form (trajectory) of the monostatic collection aperture. Results are presented in terms of image quality metrics: those frequency combinations that jointly minimize peak and rms voxel sidelobe level, cardinal axis resolution length and voxel volume. It is shown that, generally, the frequency selection is a soft constraint in terms of the achievable resolution and image sidelobe levels; that the tomographic aperture with spatial sampling that is linearly continuous and substantially less than hemispherical yields high spatial resolution, and that there is interaction between the form/shape of the tomographic and the waveform set.
Engineering and analysis of surface interactions in a microfluidic herringbone micromixer (2012)

We developed a computational model and theoretical framework to investigate the geometrical optimization of particle-surface interactions in a herringbone micromixer. The enhancement of biomolecule- and particle-surface interactions in microfluidic devices through mixing and streamline disruption holds promise for a variety of applications. This analysis provides guidelines for optimizing the frequency and specific location of surface interactions based on the flow pattern and relative hydraulic resistance between a groove and the effective channel. The channel bottom, i.e., channel surface between grooves, was identified as the dominant location for surface contact. In addition, geometries that decrease the groove-to-channel hydraulic resistance improve contact with the channel top. Thus, herringbone mixers appear useful for a variety of surface-interaction applications, yet they have largely not been employed in an optimized fashion.
Error control techniques for satellite and space communications (1986)

An expurgated upper bound on the event error probability of trellis coded modulation is presented. This bound is used to derive a lower bound on the minimum achievable free Euclidean distance d sub (free) of trellis codes. It is shown that the dominant parameters for both bounds, the expurgated error exponent and the asymptotic d sub (free) growth rate, respectively, can be obtained from the cutoff-rate R sub O of the transmission channel by a simple geometric construction, making R sub O the central parameter for finding good trellis codes. Several constellations are optimized with respect to the bounds.
Membrane fluidity affects tumor‐cell motility, invasion and lung‐colonizing potential (1989)

Membrane fluidity, determined by steady-state fluorescence polarization measurements, was correlated with metastatic capacity of murine tumor-cell lines. A correlation was observed in cell lines with different metastatic potential, and was confirmed when their lung-colonizing ability was modulated by alteration of either the membrane lipid composition or the culture conditions. Two cellular functions, motility and basement membrane invasion, were affected by the membrane lipid composition, and might explain the role of membrane fluidity observed in cancer metastasis.
Spectral analysis using regularized non-negative least-squares estimation (1995)

The implementation of spectral analysis techniques involves solving a highly underdetermined linear system equation and is prone to the effect of measurement noise. We propose to use a regularized non-negative least-square estimator to stabilize the implementation of the technique. We introduce a penalty term in our formulation of the objective function to discourage disparities in tracer kinetics between neighboring pixels and use an iterative method to impose positivity constraints. We show results from analysis of FDG thorax images of patients suspected to have cancers and summarize our findings. I.
Resistive Switching: Resistive Switching‐based Electro‐Optical Modulation (Advanced Optical Materials 12/2014) (2014)

Conic nanofilaments within resistive switching devices bearing resemblance to stalactites of the Damlataş Cave in Alanya (Antalya, Turkey) are fabricated by A. K. Okyay and co-workers. On page 1149, these devices allow control of light–matter interactions. Filament formation and the dissolution mechanism of resistive switching result in non-volatile modulation of the refractive index of active device material. This novel way of taming light based on resistive switching memories uses atomic scale modifications in the active layer via electrical stimulus.
Optical transmission utilizing injection light sources (1970)

Although a large amount of work in optical transmission has been accomplished through the use of lasers, modern developments have enabled noncoherent light sources also to be used in this area with great success. In particular, injection light sources-in the form of the coherent injection laser and the noncoherent light-emitting diode (LED)-offer designers of optical transmission systems characteristics that are in many ways superior to those of other methods. The present article deals essentially with how injection light sources may be employed to transmit or ``communicate'' information optically. Such optical techniques can be used not only in communication systems, in the classic RF sense, but in computer, video, telemetry, and detection systems as well.
Electrochemical performance and interfacial properties of Li-metal in lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide based electrolytes (2017)

Successful usage of lithium metal as the negative electrode or anode in rechargeable batteries can be an important step to increase the energy density of lithium batteries. Performance of lithium metal in a relatively promising electrolyte solution composed of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiN(SO<sub>2</sub>F)<sub>2</sub>; LiFSI) salt dissolved in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) is here studied. The influence of the concentration of the electrolyte salt -1 M or 4 M LiFSI- is investigated by varying important electrochemical parameters such as applied current density and plating capacity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis as a surface sensitive technique is here used to analyze that how the composition of the solid electrolyte interphase varies with the salt concentration and with the number of cycles.
A Hardware Design Language for Timing-Sensitive Information-Flow Security (2015)

Information security can be compromised by leakage via low-level hardware features. One recently prominent example is cache probing attacks, which rely on timing channels created by caches. We introduce a hardware design language, SecVerilog, which makes it possible to statically analyze information flow at the hardware level. With SecVerilog, systems can be built with verifiable control of timing channels and other information channels. SecVerilog is Verilog, extended with expressive type annotations that enable precise reasoning about information flow. It also comes with rigorous formal assurance: we prove that SecVerilog enforces timing-sensitive noninterference and thus ensures secure information flow. By building a secure MIPS processor and its caches, we demonstrate that SecVerilog makes it possible to build complex hardware designs with verified security, yet with low overhead in time, space, and HW designer effort.
Hand Waving Gesture Detection using a Far-infrared Sensor Array with Thermo-spatial Region of Interest (2016)

We propose a method of hand waving gesture detection using a far-infrared sensor array. The far-infrared sensor array captures the spatial distribution of temperature as a thermal image by detecting far-infrared waves emitted from heat sources. The advantage of the sensor is that it can capture human position and movement while protecting the privacy of the target individual. In addition, it works even at night-time without any light source. However, it is difficult to detect a gesture from a thermal image sequence captured by the sensor due to its low-resolution and noise. The problem is that the noise appears as a similar pattern as the gesture. Therefore, we introduce “Spatial Region of Interest (SRoI)” to focus on the region with motion. Also, to suppress the influence of other heat sources, we introduce “Thermal Region of Interest (TRoI)” to focus on the range of the human body temperature. In this paper, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the method through an experiment and discuss its result.