gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative studies of luminescence in copepods and other pelagic marine animals (1962)

A comparative study of the following luminous copepods was undertaken: Metridia lucens, M. longa, M. princeps, Pleuromamma robusta, P. xiphias, Heterorhabdus norvegicus, H. robustus, Heterostylites longicornis, Lucicutia grandis, Hemirhabdus grimaldii, Disseta palumboi, Euaugaptilus magnus and Centraugaptilus horridus . Flashes produced by electrical stimulation (a.c. or condenser shocks) and mechanical stimulation were recorded photoelectrically. Flashes lasted from 2 to 37 sec. Latencies of some species (Metridiidae), following electrical stimulation, were very short, 7–9 msec. Intensities ranged from 0·02 × 10 –5 to 14·4 × 10 –5 μ W/s cm 2 of receptor surface at 15 cm distance (0.0045 × 10 –2 to 3·24 × 10 –2 μ W/Cm 2 at 1 cm) (10–20°C). Luminous glands of Metridiidae, Lucicutiidae and Augaptilidae are autofluorescent; the location of the luminous glands in these families and in Heterorhabdidae is described. Two kinds of glandular cells (types 1 and 2) occur in the luminescent areas. The cells are large saccular structures containing granular or homogeneous material, and are distinguished by staining peculiarities. Cell types 1 and 2 open through common pores, and may be the source of luminous reactants. Some measurements of luminescence in other pelagic animals are presented, for comparison with copepods, viz. Aequorea macrodactyla, Aeginura grimaldii (Hydromedusae), Periphylla periphylla (Scyphomedusa), Meganyctiphanes norvegica and Acanthephyra pelagica (Crustacea), Myctophum punctatum (Teleostei). Our present knowledge regarding luminescence among copepods is reviewed.
<i>Salmonella</i> bacteremia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Eight‐year experience at a municipal hospital (1985)

Non-endemic Salmonella bacteremia tends to occur in patients with chronic disease. We reviewed all cases of Salmonella infection documented in adults at Bellevue Hospital during the years 1975-1982. Unexpectedly, the most frequent underlying disease found among bacteremic patients was systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Patients with SLE accounted for 6 of 30 Salmonella bacteremias as compared with 13 of 2,388 non-Salmonella gram-negative bacteremias. Salmonella was the single most frequent gram-negative isolate from the blood of SLE patients. All lupus patients with Salmonella infection were bacteremic. In contrast, isolates from blood represented only 23% of all Salmonella infections documented in the non-lupus population. Presentation was characterized by fever (greater than 103 degrees F) and abdominal pain. Four of the 6 patients were hypocomplementemic. All were receiving immunosuppressive therapy. We conclude that SLE patients in a municipal hospital setting are at increased risk for Salmonella sepsis. This should be considered when empiric antibiotic therapy is initiated.
Low-cost PMMA-based microfluidics for the visualization of enhanced oil recovery (2018)

About one-third of the crude oil is trapped inside the pores of the carbonate and sandstone after the primary and secondary oil recovery, various methods have been used for the flooding of the trapped crude oil. Due to the opaque nature of the sandstone and shale, the visualization of the fluid flow inside the porous structure conventionally involved the use of very sophisticated equipment like X-ray computed microtomography. In this approach, a low-cost method for the mimic of porous structure for the enhanced oil recovery is proposed using the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based microfluidic devices with the laser ablated microstructures, where the microstructure is the replica of a real rock fracture. Since the PMMA is optically clear in the visible range, the detailed fluid flow inside the porous structure could be obtained for a better understanding of the liquid front propagation and rheology in the pore-scale. The effect of water flooding is also tested with the proposed microfluidic devices under various flooding rates for the demonstration of oil recovery enhancement with the proposed technology.
Turbocharger Matching for a 4-Cylinder Gasoline HCCI Engine Using a 1D Engine Simulation (2010)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Naturally aspirated HCCI operation is typically limited to medium load operation (∼ 5 bar net IMEP) by excessive pressure rise rate. Boosting can provide the means to extend the HCCI range to higher loads. Recently, it has been shown that HCCI can achieve loads of up to 16.3 bar of gross IMEP by boosting the intake pressure to more than 3 bar, using externally driven compressors. However, investigating HCCI performance over the entire speed-load range with real turbocharger systems still remains an open topic for research.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">A 1 - D simulation of a 4 - cylinder 2.0 liter engine model operated in HCCI mode was used to match it with off-the-shelf turbocharger systems. The engine and turbocharger system was simulated to identify maximum load limits over a range of engine speeds. Low exhaust enthalpy due to the low temperatures that are characteristic of HCCI combustion caused increased back-pressure and high pumping losses and demanded the use of a small and more efficient turbocharger. The paper shows that the load range of naturally aspirated HCCI can be noticeably extended to ∼12 bar net IMEP, while achieving net indicated efficiencies of ∼37 % at 2500 rpm, where the turbocharger was best matched. The study shows that there is significant potential to achieve load extension with existing turbochargers; however the load increase strongly depends on the turbocharger selection and matching.</div></div>
Interactive tracking of seismic geobodies using deep learning flood-filling network (2019)

We design a deep learning workflow to interactively track seismic geobodies, such as salt bodies and faults. The algorithm is based on a flood-filling network, which performs iterative segmentation and moving the field of view (FoV). Instead of an end-to-end segmentation from the image to the classification mask, the proposed network takes the previous mask output, together with the seismic image in a new FoV, as a combined input to predict the mask at this FoV. The movement of the FoV is guided by the flood-filling algorithm in order to visit and segment the full extent of a geobody. Unlike the conventional seismic image segmentation methods that can only output attribute volumes, the proposed workflow can not only detect geobodies but also track individual geobody instances. Presentation Date: Tuesday, September 17, 2019 Session Start Time: 8:30 AM Presentation Time: 9:20 AM Location: 221C Presentation Type: Oral
Vegetation Structure and Species Distribution of Mangroves along a Soil Salinity Gradient in a Micro Tidal Estuary on the North-western Coast of Sri Lanka (2013)

Soil salinity in both coastal and inland, is known to affect vegetation structure and functions. Mangrove vegetation at Kala Oya estuary on the north western coast of Sri Lanka was selected to study the effect of soil salinity on structure, potential gross primary productivity and plant biomass of the ecosystems. Five belt-transects were laid perpendicular to the shoreline, covering 3.5 km upstream and approximately at 750 m intervals to collect data for the purpose. Vegetation structure was determined using data collected on plant species diversity, density, basal area, leaf area index and tree height. Biomass (total of above and below ground) of mangrove trees was estimated by allometric methods and potential gross primary productivity was calculated using leaf area index measured with terrestrial radiation sensor. Total of eight (8) true mangrove species were encountered in the area and highest density was recorded for Rhizophora mucronata (528 trees/ha), followed by Excoecaria agallocha (447 trees/ha) and Lumnitzera racemosa (405 trees/ha). Vegetation complexity index (CI), basal area, total tree biomass leaf area index and potential gross primary productivity measurements revealed an inverse correlation with soil salinity. Mangrove species were observed to possess varying salinity tolerance levels and Avicennia marina was the most salinity tolerant species, followed by Rhizophora mucronata, Ceriops tagal and Lumnitzera racemosa. Excoecaria agallocha was the least salt tolerant species in the area. Mangrove areas located around 2 km from the estuary mouth, where the soil salinity ranged from 8-12 mg/l, was observed to be with the highest species richness and diversity, indicating its’ ecological and conservation significance that may be considered in mangrove management decision-making for the area. Presence of a few species of terrestrial and freshwater plants among the mangroves indicates salinity changes that would have taken place due to trans-basin diversion of water to the area for irrigation purposes.
Sustainable Acrylic Acid (2013)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTSustainable Acrylic AcidView Author Information C&EN Northeast News BureauCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2013, 91, 46, 18–19Publication Date (Print):November 18, 2013Publication History Published online31 March 2014Published inissue 18 November 2013https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-09146-bus1https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09146-bus1newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 Chemical & Engineering NewsArticle Views44Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Organic compounds Get e-Alerts
Intracapsular Aspiration (1977)

International Ophthalmology Clinics is a valuable resource for any medical professional seeking to stay informed and up-to-date regarding developments in this dynamic specialty. Each issue of this quarterly publication presents a comprehensive review of a single topic in a new or changing area of ophthalmology. The timely, tightly focused review articles found in this publication give ophthalmologists the opportunity to benefit from the knowledge of leading experts in this rapidly changing field.
Failure detection and localization in component based systems by online tracking (2005)

The increasing complexity of today's systems makes fast and accurate failure detection essential for their use in mission-critical applications. Various monitoring methods provide a large amount of data about system's behavior. Analyzing this data with advanced statistical methods holds the promise of not only detecting the errors faster, but also detecting errors which are difficult to catch with current monitoring tools. Two challenges to building such detection tools are: the high dimensionality of observation data, which makes the models expensive to apply, and frequent system changes, which make the models expensive to update. In this paper, we present algorithms to reduce the dimensionality of data in a way that makes it easy to adapt to system changes. We decompose the observation data into signal and noise subspaces. Two statistics, the Hotelling T2 score and squared prediction error (SPE) are calculated to represent the data characteristics in signal and noise subspaces respectively. Instead of tracking the original data, we use a sequentially discounting expectation maximization (SDEM) algorithm to learn the distribution of the two extracted statistics. A failure event can then be detected based on the abnormal change of the distribution. Applying our technique to component interaction data in a simple e-commerce application shows better accuracy than building independent profiles for each component. Additionally, experiments on synthetic data show that the detection accuracy is high even for changing systems.
Regeneration of Aldehydes from Bisulfite Addition Products in the Solid State using Montmorillonite KSF Clay under Microwave Irradiation (1999)

Microwave irradiation of bisulfite addition products with montmorillonite KSF clay under solvent-free conditions provides a fast, efficient and simple method for regeneration of aldehydes in excellent yields.
Early Alterations in Gene Expression and Cell Morphology in a Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease (2000)

Several mouse models for Huntington's disease (HD) have been produced to date. Based on differences in strain, promoter, construct, and number of glutamines, these models have provided a broad spectrum of neurological symptoms, ranging from simple increases in aggressiveness with no signs of neuropathology, to tremors and seizures in absence of degeneration, to neurological symptoms in the presence of gliosis and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling) positivity, and finally to selective striatal damage associated with electrophysiological and behavioral abnormalities. We decided to analyze the morphology of striatum and hippocampus from a mouse transgenic line obtained by microinjection of exon 1 from the HD gene after introduction of a very high number of CAG repeat units. We found a massive darkening and compacting of striatal and hippocampal neurons in affected mice, associated with a lower degree of more classical apoptotic cell condensation. We then explored whether this morphology could be explained with alterations in gene expression by hybridizing normal and affected total brain RNA to a panel of 588 known mouse cDNAs. We show that some genes are significantly and consistently up-regulated and that others are down-regulated in the affected brains. Here we discuss the possible significance of these alterations in neuronal morphology and gene expression.
A novel approach to ARQ error control mechanisms for wireless LANs communications (2002)

Communications in high-speed wireless mobile networks have to deal with large varying transmission and service requirement conditions, often needing complex radio modulations and concatenated error control functions. For the latter, it is usual to implement forward error correction and automatic repeat request (ARQ) mechanisms in, respectively, the physical (PHY) and the data link control (DLC) layers. Even so, the communication requirements of medium/high quality real-time services may be hard to meet under hostile transmission conditions. In this paper an analysis of some improvements over current ARQ error control schemes is presented, envisaging more efficient communications in high-speed wireless LANs. It is shown that high performance ARQ schemes can be used at the DLC layer of wireless LANs by carrying critical control information in more robust physical modes. Performance comparisons for current and proposed ARQ schemes, and some protocol implementation aspects, are the main focuses of analysis.
Bioenergy and biofuel from biowastes and biomass (2010)

This book attempts to provide an in-depth compilation of relevant technical information on several aspects of biofuel and bioenergy production ... it can serve as a useful quick reference for consulting engineers. It is also a good introductory resources for advanced students, researchers, instructors, decision makers, and professionals in the biofuel and bioenergy field. Recommended. —A.C. Sheth, emeritus, University of Tennessee Space Institute, Choice: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries, December 2010.
Rigorous characterization of acoustic-optical interactions in silicon slot waveguides by full-vectorial finite element method (2014)

For the first time detailed interactions between optical and acoustic modes in a silicon slot waveguide are presented. A new computer code has been developed by using a full-vectorial formulation to study the acoustic modes in optical waveguides. The results have shown that the acoustic modes in an optical slot waveguide are not purely longitudinal or transverse but fully hybrid in nature. The model allows the effects of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering and the associated frequency shift due to the interaction of these hybrid acoustic modes with the fully hybrid optical mode also to be presented.
Does intervention by a nurse improve medication compliance? (1978)

A random sample of patients taking two or more drugs, at least one of which was digoxin or methyldopa, was drawn from a medical clinic population. After giving informed consent, the patients were randomized into control and experimental groups. The experimental group was seen by a specially prepared nurse interventionist who attempted to improve medication compliance. The levels of the drugs in the blood were taken as indicators of medication compliance. Our results document that patients exposed to nurse intervention were more compliant than the general clinic population, but were not more compliant than a nonintervention control group. Problems encountered in the collection and interpretation of compliance study data were identified and discussed. (<i>Arch Intern Med</i>138:36-40, 1978)
Query expansion using random walk models (2005)

It has long been recognized that capturing term relationships is an important aspect of information retrieval. Even with large amounts of data, we usually only have significant evidence for a fraction of all potential term pairs. It is therefore important to consider whether multiple sources of evidence may be combined to predict term relations more accurately. This is particularly important when trying to predict the probability of relevance of a set of terms given a query, which may involve both lexical and semantic relations between the terms.We describe a Markov chain framework that combines multiple sources of knowledge on term associations. The stationary distribution of the model is used to obtain probability estimates that a potential expansion term reflects aspects of the original query. We use this model for query expansion and evaluate the effectiveness of the model by examining the accuracy and robustness of the expansion methods, and investigate the relative effectiveness of various sources of term evidence. Statistically significant differences in accuracy were observed depending on the weighting of evidence in the random walk. For example, using co-occurrence data later in the walk was generally better than using it early, suggesting further improvements in effectiveness may be possible by learning walk behaviors.
Accuracy of the newer generation intraocular lens power calculation formulas in long and short eyes (1991)

The accuracy of two newer generation theoretical intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas and of the empirical SRK I and II formulas was evaluated in a series of 500 IOL implantations including a series of unusually long and short eyes. The prediction error of the theoretical formulas was found to be largely unaffected by the variation in axial length and corneal power, while the prediction of the SRK I formula was less accurate in the short and long eyes. The prediction of the SRK II formula was more accurate than the SRK I in that no systematic offset error with axial length could be demonstrated. However, because of a relatively larger scatter in the long eyes and a significant bias with the corneal power, the absolute error of the SRK II formula was higher than that of the theoretical formulas in the long eyes. The higher accuracy of the newer generation theoretical formulas was attributed to their improved prediction of the pseudophakic anterior chamber depth.
Enhanced identification and biological validation of differential gene expression via Illumina whole-genome expression arrays through the use of the model-based background correction methodology (2008)

Despite the tremendous growth of microarray usage in scientific studies, there is a lack of standards for background correction methodologies, especially in single-color microarray platforms. Traditional background subtraction methods often generate negative signals and thus cause large amounts of data loss. Hence, some researchers prefer to avoid background corrections, which typically result in the underestimation of differential expression. Here, by utilizing nonspecific negative control features integrated into Illumina whole genome expression arrays, we have developed a method of model-based background correction for BeadArrays (MBCB). We compared the MBCB with a method adapted from the Affymetrix robust multi-array analysis algorithm and with no background subtraction, using a mouse acute myeloid leukemia (AML) dataset. We demonstrated that differential expression ratios obtained by using the MBCB had the best correlation with quantitative RT-PCR. MBCB also achieved better sensitivity in detecting differentially expressed genes with biological significance. For example, we demonstrated that the differential regulation of Tnfr2, Ikk and NF-kappaB, the death receptor pathway, in the AML samples, could only be detected by using data after MBCB implementation. We conclude that MBCB is a robust background correction method that will lead to more precise determination of gene expression and better biological interpretation of Illumina BeadArray data.
Emission current enhancement of MIM cathodes by optimizing the tunneling insulator thickness (2002)

The relationship between the thickness of the anodized Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ tunneling insulator and the transfer ratio was investigated for metal-insulator-metal (MIM) cathodes to optimize the thickness in terms of a high transfer ratio and emission current. Combining ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we determined the accurate thickness of an anodized Al film less than 20 nm-thick. With the knowledge of accurate thickness, we found that the transfer ratio increases as the insulator thickness increases from 5.2 nm to 10.6 nm, but saturates at 13.3 nm and decreases slightly at 20.1 nm. Optimizing the thickness of the insulator to 13.3 nm raised the transfer ratio of 0.1% for our previous work (Kusunoki and Suzuki, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 47, pp. 1667-1672, 2000) to 0.7%. A high emission current of 14 mA/cm/sup 2/ was thus obtained. The existence of an optimal thickness for the anodized Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ insulator was also clarified from a theoretical simulation. This is the result of a trade-off, as thickness increases, between the decreasing probability of cut-off at the surface workfunction barrier of the Ir-Pt-Au top electrode and the increased scattering of hot electrons inside the Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ insulator and top electrode. The relationship is discussed on the basis of the absolute distribution of energy of the hot electrons, which we determined by simulating inelastic scattering driven by electron-optical phonon interaction in the Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ insulator.