gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Closed loop shaped-input control of a class of manipulators with a single flexible link (2003)

A composite control strategy is outlined for a large class of multilink manipulators with one flexible link. The controller design is based on the inverse dynamics of the rigid manipulator and the use of a closed-loop shaped-input filter to reduce or eliminate the vibrations of the flexible link and to reject external disturbances. Both simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of this design strategy. The design algorithm is a linear one, but the simulation results show that it is robust enough to compensate for vibrations in the full nonlinear system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Successful Administration of Recombinant Human Soluble Thrombomodulin<i>α</i>(Recomodulin) for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation during Induction Chemotherapy in an Elderly Patient with Acute Monoblastic Leukemia Involving the t(9;11)(p22;q23)<i>MLL/AF9</i>Translocation (2011)

Patients with acute myelogenous leukemia complicate with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), not only at the time of the initially leukemia diagnosis, but also during induction chemotherapy. In Japan, recently, a recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin alpha (Recomodulin) has been introduced as a new type of anti-DIC agent for clinical use in patients with hematological cancer or infectious disease. We describe a 67-year-old female case in which 25,600 units of Recomodulin for 6 days were successfully administered for both initially complicating and therapy-induced DIC without any troubles of bleeding in an acute monoblastic leukemia (AML-M5a) patient with the MLL gene translocation. Furthermore, the levels of DIC biomarkers recovered rapidly after the Recomodulin treatment. Our case suggests that DIC control using Recomodulin is one of the crucial support-therapies during remission induction chemotherapy in patients with acute leukemia of which type tends to complicate extramedullary or extranodal infiltration having potential to onset DIC.
Photodynamic tumor therapy : quantitative data on 2nd and 3rd generation photosensitizers (1998)

The introductory section of this text provides a framework for standardizing results in biophysical terms. It is comprised of biophysical and biomedical definitions describing photosensitization and phototoxicity on the molecular and cellular level. The available data regarding naturally occurring and chemically synthesized compounds is grouped together into synoptic tables and graphs in the second section. The inclusion of preparation methods and purity control, as well as improved application schedules to cell cultures and experimental animals, makes this section extremely useful as a biomedical research laboratory manual. The concluding section is devoted to the potential future applications of these photosensitizers to photodynamic therapy in patients. The main topics include the necessary prerequisites for improved uptake of the sensitizers by tumor cells and inflamed tissue; tumor targeting by combined application of carrier systems and tumor specific monoclonal antibodies;
A temporal pattern mining approach for classifying electronic health record data (2013)

We study the problem of learning classification models from complex multivariate temporal data encountered in electronic health record systems. The challenge is to define a good set of features that are able to represent well the temporal aspect of the data. Our method relies on temporal abstractions and temporal pattern mining to extract the classification features. Temporal pattern mining usually returns a large number of temporal patterns, most of which may be irrelevant to the classification task. To address this problem, we present the Minimal Predictive Temporal Patterns framework to generate a small set of predictive and non-spurious patterns. We apply our approach to the real-world clinical task of predicting patients who are at risk of developing heparin induced thrombocytopenia. The results demonstrate the benefit of our approach in efficiently learning accurate classifiers, which is a key step for developing intelligent clinical monitoring systems.
What's new on the web? (2004)

We seek to gain improved insight into how Web search engines shouldcope with the evolving Web, in an attempt to provide users with themost up-to-date results possible. For this purpose we collectedweekly snapshots of some 150 Web sites over the course of one year,and measured the evolution of content and link structure. Our measurements focus on aspects of potential interest to search engine designers: the evolution of link structure over time, the rate ofcreation of new pages and new distinct content on the Web, and the rate of change of the content of existing pages under search-centric measures of degree of change.Our findings indicate a rapid turnover rate of Web pages, i.e.,high rates of birth and death, coupled with an even higher rate ofturnover in the hyperlinks that connect them. For pages that persistover time we found that, perhaps surprisingly, the degree of contentshift as measured using TF.IDF cosine distance does not appear to beconsistently correlated with the frequency of contentupdating. Despite this apparent non-correlation, the rate of content shift of a given page is likely to remain consistent over time. That is, pages that change a great deal in one week will likely change by a similarly large degree in the following week. Conversely, pages that experience little change will continue to experience little change. We conclude the paper with a discussion of the potential implications ofour results for the design of effective Web search engines.
Scaffold-based discovery of indeglitazar, a PPAR pan-active anti-diabetic agent (2008)

In a search for more effective anti-diabetic treatment, we used a process coupling low-affinity biochemical screening with high-throughput co-crystallography in the design of a series of compounds that selectively modulate the activities of all three peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), PPARalpha, PPARgamma, and PPARdelta. Transcriptional transactivation assays were used to select compounds from this chemical series with a bias toward partial agonism toward PPARgamma, to circumvent the clinically observed side effects of full PPARgamma agonists. Co-crystallographic characterization of the lead molecule, indeglitazar, in complex with each of the 3 PPARs revealed the structural basis for its PPAR pan-activity and its partial agonistic response toward PPARgamma. Compared with full PPARgamma-agonists, indeglitazar is less potent in promoting adipocyte differentiation and only partially effective in stimulating adiponectin gene expression. Evaluation of the compound in vivo confirmed the reduced adiponectin response in animal models of obesity and diabetes while revealing strong beneficial effects on glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, body weight, and other metabolic parameters. Indeglitazar has now progressed to Phase II clinical evaluations for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Low-Grade Gliomas (2010)

Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) comprise approximately 10–20% of all primary brain tumors and include a compilation of WHO grade I and II tumors [1]. Such tumors as pilocytic astrocytomas, subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas are included in this category. However, this chapter will be limited to a discussion on diffuse astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and oligoastrocytomas. Approximately 2,000–3,000 low-grade gliomas are diagnosed annually in the United States for these tumor subtypes [2].
Foliar Colonization and Growth Promotion of Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) by Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 (2011)

In order to exploit Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 as of plant growth promoting agent, different inoculation methods have been evaluated. The present study aimed to evaluate soil, foliar, and soil+foliar inoculations of M. oryzae CBMB20 to improve the growth, fruit yield, and nutrient uptake of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under greenhouse conditions. The population range of green fluorescent protein (gfp)-tagged M. oryzae CBMB20 using the three inoculation methods was 2.5-2.9 <TEX>${\log}_{10}$</TEX> cfu/g in the rhizosphere and 4.5-6.0 <TEX>${\log}_{10}$</TEX> cfu/g in the phyllosphere of red pepper plants. Confocal laser scanning microscopy results confirmed the colonization of M. oryzae CBMB20 endophytically on leaf surface. Plant height, fruit dry weight, and total biomass were significantly higher (<TEX>$p{\leq}0.05$</TEX>) in all M. oryzae CBMB20 inoculation methods as compared to non-inoculated control. Furthermore, uptake of mineral nutrients such as N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in red pepper plants in all M. oryzae CBMB20 inoculation methods was higher than in non-inoculated control. Comparative results of inoculation methods clearly demonstrated that soil+foliar inoculation of M. oryzae CBMB20 lead to the highest biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake which may be due to its efficient colonization in the red pepper rhizosphere and phyllosphere.
Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system: An in situ hybridization study in adult and developing rat (1992)

Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1), which is linked to phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis, was investigated in adult and developing rat central nervous system (CNS) by in situ hybridization. Transcripts of mGluR1 were specifically localized to neurons and widely distributed throughout the adult rat brain. Most intensely labeled neurons were Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, mitral and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb, and neurons in the hippocampus, lateral septum, thalamus, globus pallidus, entopeduncular nucleus, ventral pallidum, magnocellular preoptic nucleus, substantia nigra, and dorsal cochlear nucleus. Moderately labeled neurons were seen in high density in the dentate gyrus, striatum, islands of Calleja, superficial layers of the retrosplenial, cingulate and entorhinal cortices, mammillary nuclei, red nucleus, and superior colliculus. In the developing rat brain, the level of mGluR1 expression gradually increased during early postnatal days in accordance with the maturation of neuronal elements. These results show prominent expression of mGluR1 in the major targets of putative glutamatergic pathways and unique distribution pattern of mGluR1 distinct from those reported for ionotropic subtypes of glutamate receptors, suggesting specific roles of mGluR1 in the glutamatergic system.
Efficacy of locally‐delivered doxycycline microspheres in chronic localized periodontitis and on <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (2011)

Local drug delivery of doxycycline microspheres significantly improved the treatment outcomes in periodontal pocket therapy and reduced P. gingivalis in the periodontal pocket.
Design and User Evaluation of a Wheelchair Mounted Robotic Assisted Transfer Device (2015)

Participants in this study suggested that they would be accepting the use of robotic technology for transfers and a majority did not feel that they would be embarrassed to use this technology.
Controlled Growth and Characterization of Two‐Dimensional Single‐Walled Carbon‐Nanotube Networks for Electrical Applications (2007)

We demonstrate the reproducible fabrication of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) networks, via catalyzed chemical vapor deposition (cCVD). Fe nanoparticles are employed as the catalyst, with methane as the carbon-containing gas. cCVD growth under these conditions results in the formation of multiply interconnected, random, two-dimensional networks of SWNTs. Investigation of the effect of parameters such as methane flow rate and temperature on the growth process enables control over the density of the network, which controls the network conductivity. Low-density networks demonstrate p-type semiconductor behavior, whilst high-density networks exhibit semimetallic behavior. In both cases conductance is demonstrated over macroscopic length scales, up to millimeters, much longer than the individual SWNTs, despite the surface coverage being <1 %. The networks can be defined in regions of a surface by photolithography before or after growth. Controlled growth of SWNT networks thus enables the application of SWNTs as macroscale conductors with controllable, predictable, and reproducible characteristics.
Homomorphic factorization of BRDFs for high-performance rendering (2001)

A bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) describes how a material reflects light from its surface. To use arbitrary BRDFs in real-time rendering, a compression technique must be used to represent BRDFs using the available texture-mapping and computational capabilities of an accelerated graphics pipeline. We present a numerical technique, homomorphic factorization, that can decompose arbitrary BRDFs into products of two or more factors of lower dimensionality, each factor dependent on a different interpolated geometric parameter. Compared to an earlier factorization technique based on the singular value decomposition, this new technique generates a factorization with only positive factors (which makes it more suitable for current graphics hardware accelerators), provides control over the smoothness of the result, minimizes relative rather than absolute error, and can deal with scattered, sparse data without a separate resampling and interpolation algorithm.
Smart Vehicles, Technologies and Main Applications in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (2013)

Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) belong to a subcategory of traditional Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs). The main feature of VANETs is that mobile nodes are vehicles endowed with sophisticated “on-board” equipments, traveling on constrained paths (i.e., roads and lanes), and communicating each other for message exchange via Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication protocols, as well as between vehicles and fixed road-side Access Points (i.e., wireless and cellular network infrastructure), in case of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications. In this chapter we will introduce the state-of-the-art of recent technologies used in vehicular networks, specifically for smart vehicles, which require novel functionalities such as data communications, accurate positioning, control and decision monitoring.
Model Dependent and Independent Approaches to Compare In vitro Release Profiles from Ethylcellulose and Eudragit L100 Based Matrix Tablets (2009)

The main objective of the present study was to compare the release profiles of ethylcellulose and eudragit L100 based matrix tablets of naproxen. Dissolution studies were carried out by using United States Pharmacopoeia-XXIII type-II dissolution apparatus. The granules were evaluated for angle of repose, bulk density, compressibility index, total porosity and drug content. The tablets were subjected to thickness, diameter, hardness, drug content, disintegration test, friability and in vitro release studies. The release rate was quantitatively determined by a HPLC method. Matrix tablets based on 20% and 25% ethylcellulose and 25% eudragit L100 showed sustained release up to 8 hours. The release patterns were evaluated using model-dependent approaches (zero order, first order, Higuchi's, Korsmeyer's and Weibull's model) and model-independent approach (ANOVA and the similarity factor, f2). Most of the release patterns were fitted to Korsmeyer's model with n values between 0.663 to 0.816, indicating the release mechanisms were governed by both diffusion and erosion. From the Weibull equation, the shape parameter was found to be sigmoid or S-shaped. Among the formulations, ECF-2 and EFU-6 were most similar to ECF-3 according to f2 value. The MDT values were found to be increased with the increased concentration of polymers. Ethylcellulose found to be most rate retarding than eudragit L100.
Chemistry and Function of Pectins (1986)

Pectin, a polysaccharide, is composed primarily of essentially linear polymers of D-galactopyranosyluronic acid units joined in α-D(1→4) glycosidic linkages; the polymer chains are esterified to various degrees with methanol. This regular structure is interrupted, however, with L-rhamnopyranosyl units and with side chains containing other neutral sugars. The polymer chains may also be partially acetylated. The most important physical property of pectin is its ability to form spreadable gels. Gel formation results when the polymer chains interact over a portion of their length to form a three-dimensional network. This aggregation of chains occurs through hydrogen bonding, divalent cation crossbridging, and/or hydrophobic interactions.
An empirical study on the effects of different types of noise in image classification tasks (2016)

Image classification is one of the main research problems in computer vision and machine learning. Since in most real-world image classification applications there is no control over how the images are captured, it is necessary to consider the possibility that these images might be affected by noise (e.g. sensor noise in a low-quality surveillance camera). In this paper we analyse the impact of three different types of noise on descriptors extracted by two widely used feature extraction methods (LBP and HOG) and how denoising the images can help to mitigate this problem. We carry out experiments on two different datasets and consider several types of noise, noise levels, and denoising methods. Our results show that noise can hinder classification performance considerably and make classes harder to separate. Although denoising methods were not able to reach the same performance of the noise-free scenario, they improved classification results for noisy data.
LGBT and Public Opinion (2010)

There exists a dichotomous relationship in public opinion of LGBT individuals. With small legal and institutional improvement in the recognition of LGBT rights and equal protection of civil liberties has come slightly more progressive policies and environments. However these generally exist in pockets across the nation and within specific spheres. Overall progress has been slow.
Frame-aggregated link adaptation algorithm for IEEE 802.11n networks (2009)

Channel condition is considered an important issue that affects the performance in wireless networks. Link Adaptation techniques have been proposed to improve the degraded network performance by adjusting the design parameters, e.g. the modulation and coding schemes, in order to adopt the dynamically changing channel conditions. Furthermore, due to the advancement of the IEEE 802.11n standard, the network goodput can be enhanced with the exploitation of its frame aggregation schemes. However, none of the existing link adaption algorithm is designed to consider the feasible aggregated frame length that should be adapted according to the changing environments. In this paper, A frame-aggregated link adaptation (FALA) algorithm is proposed to dynamically adjust system parameters in order to improve the network goodput under varying channel conditions. For the purpose of maximizing the network goodput, both the optimal frame payload size and the modulation and coding schemes are jointly acquired according to the signal-to-noise ratio under specific channel condition. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed FALA protocol can effectively increase the goodput performance comparing with other existing link adaptation schemes, especially under dynamically changing environments.
Oxidation Evidenced during Hydrocarbon Preparative Fraction Isolation. Intrinsic Stability Aspects Affecting Crude Oils (2006)

Despite the fact that published evidence on hydrocarbon oxidation is abundant, reports linking preparative isolation procedures to HC oxidation in the open literature are scarce. This paper presents some findings on HC oxidation during isolation of asphaltenes and resins, emphasizing the importance for improved variable control leading to sample degradation. Variables such as sample handling, storage conditions, air and light influence with respect to crude oils, and vacuum residua studies are addressed. Case studies were selected from Venezuela's upstream and downstream historical records and from crude oil production operations in Mexico. Some evidence linking oxygen compound abundance with crude oil intrinsic stability is reviewed.
Geostatistics with location-dependent statistics (2010)

In Geostatistical modelling of the spatial distribution of rock attributes, the multivariate distribution of a Random Function defines the range of possible values and the spatial relationships among them. Under a decision of stationarity, the Random Function distribution and its statistics are inferred from data within a spatial domain deemed statistically homogenous. Assuming stationary multiGaussianity allows spatial prediction techniques to take advantage of this simple parametric distribution model. These techniques compute the local distributions with surrounding data and global spatially invariant statistics. They often fail to reproduce local changes in the mean, variability and, particularly, the spatial continuity, that are required for geologically realistic modelling of rock attributes. The proposed alternative is to build local Random Function models that are deemed stationary only in relation to the locations where they are defined. The corresponding location-dependent distributions and statistics are inferred by weighting the samples inversely proportional to their distance to anchor locations. These distributions are locally Gaussian transformed. The transformation models carry information on the local histogram. The distance weighted experimental measures of spatial correlation are able to adapt to local changes in the spatial continuity and are semi-automatically fitted by locally defined variogram models. The fields of local variogram and transformation parameters are used in locally stationary spatial prediction algorithms. The resulting attribute models are rich in non-stationary spatial features. This process implies a higher computational demand than the traditional techniques, but, if data is abundant enough to allow a reliable inference of the local statistics, the proposed locally stationary techniques outperform their stationary counterparts in terms of accuracy and precision. These improved models have the potential of providing better decision support for engineering design.
Improved Three Subaperture Method for Elevation Angle Estimation (1983)

The three subaperture method is a technique for estimating the arrival angles of two targets located in the main beam of a radar. The problem of estimating the arrival angle of a target in the presence of multipath is considered, and it is shown how the accuracy of the three subaperture method can be improved by making use of the information that the amplitude of the direct ray is larger than that of the reflected ray.