gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessment of enamel chemistry composition and its relationship with caries susceptibility (2005)

Enamel components are related to enamel caries susceptibility, thus, non-destructive techniques to be used in selecting homogeneous dental enamel have been studied. This study aimed to determine the enamel components that make it more susceptible to in vitro demineralization. Fourier transform Raman Spectroscopy (FTRS) was used to verify the relative amounts of organic material and enamel mineral before and after being submitted to an 8-day pH cycling model. FTRS was performed in 30 enamel slabs, which were subsequently demineralized; next, the slabs were again analyzed by FTRS. The cross-section microhardness was performed for mineral loss (ΔZ) quantification. Slabs that presented the greatest differences in the caries development pattern, considering the ΔZ mean obtained (ΔZ=1,510.1±623.4; n=30), were selected in order to constitute 2 groups with statistically different ΔZ values, more demineralized group (MDG) and less demineralized group (LDG), which had ΔZ=2,368.9±421.7a and ΔZ=909.2±229.2b (n=8), respectively. The differences between both MDG and LDG, regarding enamel components (phosphate, carbonate and organic matrix) determined by FTRS before and after pHC, were accessed by t test (significance level=0.05). The results showed that all groups presented fewer carbonate and organic contents after demineralization. LDG showed no difference in phosphate content before and after pHC. Before pHC, MDG carbonate content was statistically greater than the one found in LDG. The presence of a correspondent calcium fluoride band was not observed in enamel spectrum. In conclusion, only carbonate quantity influenced enamel susceptibility to in vitro demineralization and FT-RAMAN is an appropriate technique to select homogeneous enamel samples.
Recent advances in the biology of colorectal cancer. (1996)

The identification of the precise molecular defects responsible for the common forms of inherited colorectal cancer has significantly advanced our understanding of both inherited and sporadic disease. These advances coupled with a rapid accumulation of information on the molecular genotype and biological phenotype of colorectal cancer have identified potential markers that may prove to be not only of prognostic value but also important as screening tools and therapeutic targets. These molecular and biological features include replication errors, mutations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and expression of tumor specific antigens and cytokeratins. This review highlights important recent advances that further our understanding of the biology and genetics of colorectal cancer.
Four New Antibacterial Sesterterpenes from a Marine Sponge of the Genus<i>Luffariella</i> (1991)

The structures of four new sesterterpenoid compounds 1-4 isolated from a marine sponge of the genus Luffariella, collected from The Great Barrier Reef, Australia, have been determined by analysis of their 1H-nmr, 13C-nmr, ir, uv, and eims spectral data. The new metabolites 1-4 were found to co-occur with the compounds manoalide, secomanoalide, Z-neomanolaide [5], and E-neomanoalide.
Quantification of ovarian cancer markers with integrated microfluidic concentration gradient and imaging nanohole surface plasmon resonance (2013)

Nanohole array-based biosensors integrated with a microfluidic concentration gradient generator were used for imaging detection and quantification of ovarian cancer markers. Calibration curves based on controlled concentrations of the analyte were created using a microfluidic stepped diffusive mixing scheme. Quantification of samples with unknown concentration of analyte was achieved by image-intensity comparison with the calibration curves. The biosensors were first used to detect the immobilization of ovarian cancer marker antibodies, and subsequently applied for the quantification of the ovarian cancer marker r-PAX8 (with a limit of detection of about 5 nM and a dynamic range from 0.25 to 9.0 μg.mL(-1)). The proposed biosensor demonstrated the ability of self-generating calibration curves on-chip in an integrated microfluidic platform, representing a further step towards the development of comprehensive lab-on-chip biomedical diagnostics based on nanohole array technology.
Time-of-arrival prediction model for transionospheric EMP (1995)

An ionospheric-delay correction model that measures the time of arrival (TOA) of transionospheric electromagnetic pulse (EMP) is presented. The pulse-broadening effect due to ionosphere is incorporated into the ionospheric group delay model to provide more accurate delay correction for measuring EMP TOA. The predictions of the model are compared with laboratory test results for various total electron content. This model also enables us to evaluate the sensitivity of TOA performance to changes in the receiver hardware parameters, e.g. filter bandwidth and the threshold levels in the time-tagging process of the EMP waveform.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ANOTHER LATIN SOURCE FOR THE NUN'S PRIEST ON DREAMS (1989)

ANOTHER LATIN SOURCE FOR THE NUN'S PRIEST ON DREAMS Get access DAVID G. HALE DAVID G. HALE State University of New YorkBrockport Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 36, Issue 1, March 1989, Pages 10–11, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/36-1-10 Published: 01 March 1989
PP.02.33 (2015)

Objective: As a results of the MINISAL study, that indicated an excess salt intake in Italy, we planned a “The Lower Salt Community Project”, a trial of feasibility, acceptability and safety of a strategy of moderate and gradual reduction of salt intake (15% over 18 months) in an Italian community in the area of Cilento. Design and method: The baseline salt intake was evaluated by 24-hour urinary sodium excretion in randomized samples of the Cilento community and of a control community in a separate area. The control community undertakes the same anthropometrical, nutritional, biochemical and blood pressure (BP) measurements at baseline and at end of the study as the target community, but is the object of simple observation with no kind of active intervention during the follow-up period. Main outcome measure will be the differential change in dietary salt intake at the end of the study between the two communities. Secondary endpoints will be the changes in BP, nutritional, anthropometric, metabolic and hormonal variables, potential target of dietary salt reduction. The active intervention is currently being implemented through the collaboration with local authorities, GPs and health organizations, opinion makers and local schools. Interaction with restaurants, pizzerias, local food producers and catering organizations are being carried out. A crucial role is played by the interaction with media (private TV networks, radios and local newspapers) and by the activation of an INTERNET website and social network profiles. Results: At baseline, the two randomized samples (aged between 35–75 years) were similar for sex, age, BMI, SBP/DBP and urinary volume. The average salt intake was 9.0 g/day and over 90% of the population had a consumption higher than the recommended standard dietary intake of 5 g/day. Conclusions: The results of this feasibility trial will provide information on the possibility to implement similar salt reduction strategies at the regional and national levels.
Design, fabrication and characterization of high-power angled-grating distributed-feedback lasers (2003)

InGaAs SQW /spl alpha/-DFB waveguide lasers emitting around 1060nm with a beam propagation factor of M/sup 2//spl les/ 1.3 up to 13W output power (M/sup 2/ =3.2 @ P=2.1 W) have been fabricated and characterized.
An iterative area/performance trade-off algorithm for LUT-based FPGA technology mapping (1996)

In this paper, we propose an iterative area/performance trade-off algorithm for LUT-based FPGA technology mapping. First, it finds an area-optimized performance-considered initial network by a modified area optimization technique. Then, an iterative algorithm consisting of several resynthesizing techniques is applied to trade the area for the performance in the network gracefully. Experimental results show that this approach can provide a complete set of mapping solutions from the area-optimized one to the performance-optimized one for the given design. Furthermore, these two extreme solutions, the area-optimized one and the performance-optimized one, produced by our algorithm outperform the results of most existing algorithms. Therefore, our algorithm is very useful for the timing driven FPGA synthesis.
Quantifying the impact of current and future concentrations of air pollutants on respiratory disease risk in England (2017)

NO<sub>2</sub> concentrations exhibit consistent substantial present-day health effects regardless of how a representative concentration is constructed in space and time. Thus as concentrations are predicted to remain above limits set by European Union Legislation until the 2030s in parts of urban England, it will remain a substantial health risk for some time.
The 3-dehydroquinate synthase activity of the pentafunctional <i>arom</i> enzyme complex of <i>Neurospora crassa</i> is Zn2+-dependent (1985)

We have demonstrated the co-purification in constant ratio of all five activities of the pentafunctional arom enzyme complex from Neurospora crassa. Progressive inactivation of the 3-dehydroquinate synthase component of the purified enzyme complex by chelating agents was blocked by the substrate, 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate, but not by the cofactor NAD+. Full activity was restored at Zn2+ concentrations as low as 0.05 nM. Atomic absorption data indicated that the intact enzyme complex contained 1 atom per subunit of tightly bound zinc. The arom 3-dehydroquinate synthase had a calculated turnover number of 19s-1, this being within the narrow range of values obtained for the other four activities of the intact multifunctional enzyme. The Km for 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate was 1.4 microM in a phosphate-free buffer; inorganic phosphate was a competitive inhibitor with respect to 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate.
Lack of Allelic Exclusion in B Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (1997)

We determined the immunoglobulin (Ig) V(H) subgroup expressed by the leukemia cells of 108 patients with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Surprisingly, we found that six samples (5%) each expressed Ig of more than one V(H) subgroup. Southern blot analysis demonstrated that these samples each had rearrangements involving both Ig heavy chain alleles. Nucleic acid sequence analyses of the Ig cDNA revealed each to express two functional Ig V(H) genes: V(H)3-33 and V(H)4-39; V(H)3-7 and V(H)4-39; V(H)3-23 and V(H)4-61; V(H)2-70 and V(H)3-30.3; or V(H)3-30 and V(H)4-b (DP67). One sample expressed three Ig V(H) genes: V(H)2-70, V(H)3-7, and V(H)4-59. Despite having more than one Ig heavy chain transcript, each sample was found to express only one functional Ig light chain. From the primary sequence, we deduced that the Ig of some of these CLL samples should react with Lc1, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) reactive with a supratypic cross-reactive idiotype present on Ig encoded by a subgroup of Ig V(H)4 genes (namely, V(H)4-39, V(H)4-b [DP-67], V(H)4-59, or V(H)4-61), and B6, an mAb that reacts with Ig encoded by certain Ig V(H)3 genes (namely, V(H)3-23, V(H)3-30, or V(H)3-30.3), and/or modified staphylococcal protein A (SpA), a 45-kilodalton bacterial "superantigen" that reacts with most Ig of the V(H)3 subgroup. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that such samples did in fact react with Lc1 and B6 and/or SpA, but not with control mAbs of irrelevant specificity. This study demonstrates that a subset of CLL patients have leukemic B cells that express more than one functional Ig heavy chain.
Effects of Ferric Hydroxide on Methanogenesis from Lipids and Long‐Chain Fatty Acids in Anaerobic Digestion (2006)

The addition of ferric hydroxide to sludge from a municipal anaerobic digester stimulated the rate of methanogenesis from canola oil when the initial oil concentration was high (4600 mg/L; P < 0.002), but not when it was low (920 mg/L; P > 0.05). Similar trends were observed when oleic acid, a fatty acid that is a major component of canola oil triglycerides, was provided, but the effects were statistically significant only when the initial concentration of ferric hydroxide was also high (18 g/L; P = 0.015). Iron reduction occurred when ferric hydroxide was added to microcosms containing anaerobic digester sludge, but the extent of ferrous iron production was much less in acetate-amended microcosms than in those that were provided with canola oil or oleic acid. Methanogenesis and acetate consumption were completely inhibited when the initial acetate concentration was approximately 5000 mg/L, regardless of the initial ferric hydroxide concentration. The main effect of ferric hydroxide in this system appears to have been a result of stimulation of the rate of fatty acid oxidation.
Encoding method of a rational number M-ary signal (2014)

As the M-ary signaling scheme is mapping of N bits information to M signal elements, M has to be generally represented as 2 to Nth power (2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</sup> ), which results in degrading the degree of freedom of a system design. In this paper, we introduce an encoding method of the M-ary signal with an arbitrary rational number by grouping two different M-ary signals. It enables us to choose M freely to satisfy a desired error probability and increases the channel efficiency up to two times. We show that the signal error probability of the suggested method is lower than that of the conventional method for the AWGN channel in numerical result.
Tryptophan Deprivation Induces Inhibitory Receptors ILT3 and ILT4 on Dendritic Cells Favoring the Induction of Human CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+ T Regulatory Cells (2009)

Tryptophan catabolism through IDO activity can cause nonresponsiveness and tolerance acting on T cells. Given the crucial importance of dendritic cells (DCs) in the initiation of a T cell response, surprisingly little is known about the impact of IDO activity and tryptophan deprivation on DCs themselves. In the present study, we show that human DCs differentiated under low-tryptophan conditions acquire strong tolerogenic capacity. This effect is associated with a markedly decreased Ag uptake as well as the down-regulation of costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80). In contrast, the inhibitory receptors ILT3 and ILT4 are significantly increased. Functionally, tryptophan-deprived DCs show a reduced capacity to stimulate T cells, which can be restored by blockade of ILT3. Moreover, ILT3(high)ILT4(high) DCs lead to the induction of CD4(+)CD25(+) Foxp3(+) T regulatory cells with suppressive activity from CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells. The generation of ILT3(high)ILT4(high) DCs with tolerogenic properties by tryptophan deprivation is linked to a stress response pathway mediated by the GCN2 kinase. These results demonstrate that tryptophan degradation establishes a regulatory microenvironment for DCs, enabling these cells to induce T regulatory cells. The impact of IDO thus extends beyond local immune suppression to a systemic control of the immune response.
Image Stitching based on Feature Extraction Techniques: A Survey (2014)

Image stitching (Mosaicing) is considered as an active research area in computer vision and computer graphics. Image stitching is concerned with combining two or more images of the same scene into one high resolution image which is called panoramic image. Image stitching techniques can be categorized into two general approaches: direct and feature based techniques. Direct techniques compare all the pixel intensities of the images with each other, whereas feature based techniques aim to determine a relationship between the images through distinct features extracted from the processed images. The last approach has the advantage of being more robust against scene movement, faster, and has the ability to automatically discover the overlapping relationships among an unordered set of images. The purpose of this paper is to present a survey about the feature based image stitching. The main components of image stitching will be described. A framework of a complete image stitching system based on feature based approaches will be introduced. Finally, the current challenges of image stitching will be discussed.
Instrumentation for liquid sodium in nuclear reactors (1974)

This review deals with the instrumentation for the measurement of physical and chemical characteristics of liquid sodium in reactor coolant and related applications. It covers flow, temperature, acceleration and pressure, displacement, void fraction and level. Also included are the descriptions of instruments for monitoring the general purity and the specific impurities of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon. Greater attention is given to the more unusual instruments. The introduction leads to a brief description of the sodium circuits of a typical fast reactor and the properties of sodium which are relevant to successful instrumentation are outlined.
Novel materials based on silicone–acrylate copolymer networks (2001)

This article presents a broad class of materials made by copolymerization of a family of telechelic free radically polymerizable siloxanes with various acrylate monomers that polymerize to form high Tg polymers. Films with properties ranging from strong elastomers to plastics have been obtained by UV-initiated bulk copolymerization of functional siloxanes dissolved in acrylate monomers (in the presence of a photoinitiator). The molecular weight of the functional siloxanes, the nature of functional endgroups, the choice of (meth)acrylate comonomer, and the siloxane/acrylate ratio all have a rather dramatic effect on the morphology, and thus, on the properties of the copolymeric networks. Physical properties of the materials, such as optical appearance and mechanical and transport properties are correlated with the unique morphologies observed by TEM studies. Unusual properties such as reversible whitening of some of the materials and low Poisson ratios have been attributed to the microcavitation observed when high Tg acrylate domains interfere with the network deformation. Networks composed of high Tg acrylates (major fraction) coreacted with elastomeric siloxanes can provide heat-shrinkable materials when they are elongated at temperatures higher than the Tg of the corresponding polyacrylates and quenched. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 159–180, 2001
A Hierarchical Approach to Maximizing MapReduce Efficiency (2011)

In this paper, we argued that Hadoop has limitations in exploiting data locality and task parallelism for multi-core platforms. We then extended Hadoop with a hierarchical MapReduce scheme. An in-memory cache scheme is also seamlessly integrated to cache data that is likely to be accessed in memory. Evaluation showed that the hierarchical scheme outperforms Hadoop ranging from 1.4x to 3.5x.
Plasma Adiponectin and Leptin Levels, Body Composition, and Glucose Utilization in Adult Women With Wide Ranges of Age and Obesity (2003)

The data suggest that plasma adiponectin does not change with age but levels are negatively associated with percent body fat, visceral fat, subcutaneous abdominal fat, insulin, and leptin levels in women. Adiponectin is positively associated with M across the age span in women.
Real-Time Aerial Suspicious Analysis (ASANA) System for the Identification and Re-Identification of Suspicious Individuals using the Bayesian ScatterNet Hybrid (BSH) Network (2019)

Video monitoring and safety systems have been used to keep track of hostiles, conduct border control operations as well as to monitor the suspicious entities in public spaces. However, these systems are inadequate for the monitoring of large crowds due to the limited field of view of cameras. This paper introduces the Aerial Suspicious Analysis (ASANA) System for the Identification and Re-Identification of suspicious Individuals in large public areas using the Bayesian ScatterNet Hybrid (BSH) Network. The BSH network first estimates the human pose in each frame. Next, a batch of frames is used by the Bayesian 3D ResNext to identify individuals with suspicious postures. The system can also re-identify the identified suspicious individuals as they tend to move after committing the suspicious event. The proposed architecture is advantageous as it can learn meaningful representations quickly using the ScatterNet with fewer labelled examples. This is of great importance as real-life annotated training samples are hard to collect, especially for these applications. The pose estimation, suspicious individual identification, and re-identification performance of the proposed framework is compared with the state-of-the-art techniques. The proposed dataset is also made public which may encourage other researchers who are interested in using the deep learning technique for aerial visual crowd monitoring.
Mechanism of action of atpenin b on raji cells. (1990)

Atpenin B, a new antifungal antibiotic produced by Penicillium sp. FO-125, inhibited the growth of Raji cells (IC50, 30 microM). The incorporation of [14C]leucine and [3H]thymidine into Raji cells was inhibited by atpenin B with IC50 values of 0.10 and 0.12 microM, respectively. The incorporation of [14C]palmitate into the cells was not inhibited but its incorporation into lipid fractions was inhibited by atpenin B (IC50, 0.13-0.24 microM). Studies on the site of atpenin B action demonstrated that atpenin B decreases the cellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) level in Raji cells with IC50 value of 0.020 microM, suggesting the inhibition of ATP-generating system by atpenin B.
Study on a system for LED's photometric and colorimetric measurement based on a multi-channel spectrometer (2008)

Ab stract: -Light Emitting Diode (LED) is quite different from traditional light sources in many aspects. In this paper the practical aspects of LED’s measurement and problems are discussed. An integrating sphere system is designed and implemented for LED measurement based on a multi<channel spectrometer. The principle and procedure of the measurement are presented, and then the measurement errors are analyzed. The spectrometer uses a Self<scanning Photodiode (SPD) Array device as the detector which has 256 pixels and ultra<high sensitivity. The system can fulfil fast and accurate measurement for LED’s photometric and colorimetric quantities such as total luminous flux, Color Temperature, Color Rending Index (CRI) and color coordinate. This method can avoid the measurement errors by self<absorption effect and mismatch of V (λ).
<i>In situ</i>hybridisation with fluoresceinated DNA (1991)

We have used fluorescein-11-dUTP in a nick-translation format to produce fluoresceinated human nucleic acid probes. After in situ hybridization of fluoresceinated DNAs to human metaphase chromosomes, the detection sensitivity was found to be 50-100 kb. The feasibility and the increase in detection sensitivity of microscopic imaging of in situ hybridized, fluoresceinated DNA with an integrating solid state camera for rapid cosmid mapping is illustrated. Combination of fluoresceinated DNA with biotinated and digoxigeninated DNAs allowed easy performance of triple fluorescence in situ hybridization. The potential of these techniques for DNA mapping, cytogenetics and biological dosimetry is briefly discussed.