gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Complex Containing Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein Is Involved in Regulating the Stability of CD40 Ligand (CD154) mRNA (2003)

CD40 ligand (CD154) expression has been shown to be regulated, in part, at the posttranscriptional level by a pathway of "regulated instability" of mRNA decay throughout a time course of T cell activation. This pathway is modulated at late times of activation by the binding of a stability complex (termed complex I) to a CU-rich region in the 3' untranslated region of the CD154 message. We have undertaken experiments to extend these findings and to analyze the cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors involved in this regulation. We have previously shown that the minimal binding sequence for complex I is a 63 nt CU-rich motif. However, our current study shows that when this site was deleted additional complex binding was observed upstream and downstream of the minimal binding region. Only after deletion of an extended region (termed Delta1515) was complex binding completely abolished. Analysis of complex binding using competition experiments revealed that the three adjacent regions bound related but not identical complexes. However, all three sites appeared to have a 55-kDa protein as the RNA-binding protein. Deletion of the Delta1515 region resulted in reduced transcript stability as measured by both in vitro and in vivo decay assays. Finally, using Abs against known RNA-binding proteins, we identified the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (or heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein I) as a candidate RNA-binding component of complex I.
Environment behavior models for scenario generation and testing automation (2005)

This paper suggests an approach to automatic scenario generation from environment models for testing of real-time reactive systems. The behavior of the system is defined as a set of events (event trace) with two basic relations: precedence and inclusion. The attributed event grammar (AEG) specifies possible event traces and provides a uniform approach for automatically generating, executing, and analyzing test cases. The environment model includes a description of hazardous states in which the system may arrive and makes it possible to gather statistics for system safety assessment. The approach is supported by a generator that creates test cases from the AEG models. We demonstrate the approach with case studies of prototypes for the safety-critical computer-assisted resuscitation algorithm (CARA) software for a casualty intravenous fluid infusion pump and the Paderborn Shuttle System.
Description and simulation of a physiological pharmacokinetic model for the metabolism and enterohepatic circulation of bile acids in man. Cholic acid in healthy man. (1983)

A multicompartmental pharmacokinetic model based on physiological principles, experimental data, and the standard mathematical principles of compartmental analysis has been constructed that fully describes the metabolism and enterohepatic cycling in man of cholic acid, a major bile acid. The model features compartments and linear transfer coefficients. The compartments are aggregated into nine spaces based on physiological considerations (liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, jejunum, ileum, colon, portal blood sinusoidal blood, and general circulation). The transfer coefficients are also categorized according to function: flow, i.e., emptying of gallbladder or intestinal spaces, and circulation of the blood; biotransformation, i.e., conjugation, deconjugation, or dehydroxylation; and transport, i.e., active or passive transport. The model is made time dependent by introducing meals, which trigger discrete increases in gallbladder emptying and intestinal flow. Each space contains three compartments. For cholic acid, these are unconjugated cholic acid, cholylglycine, and cholyltaurine. The model was then used with all existing experimental data to simulate cholic acid metabolism in healthy man over a 24-h period. Satisfactory agreement was obtained between simulated and experimental results for serum bile acid levels, hepatic bile acid secretion, and bile acid secretion into the intestine. The model was also used to classify 16 clinical instances in which the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids is altered by drugs or disease. The model can be extended to describe completely the metabolism and enterohepatic circulation of any bile acids in man in health and digestive disease. The model should also be broadly applicable to the description of the pharmacokinetics of all other drugs whose metabolism is similar to that of bile acids, i.e., drugs for which there are tissue and bacterial biotransformations, enterohepatic cycling, and appreciable first-pass clearance.
Candy Castle &#x2014; A prototype for pervasive health games (2012)

Serious games have primarily the function to educate and train, and secondly to entertain. We present a serious game used for the treatment of diabetes and for teaching a diabetes-aware lifestyle. The game encourages the player to walk around in his / her surrounding and check the blood sugar level in as many different places as possible. Undoubtedly, the special feature of Candy Castle is our feedback loop which can be used for on-the-fly data analysis and automatic adaptation of the application. Thus, the patients as well as their doctors can be automatically alerted if their blood values deteriorate. In this demo paper, we explain both the design of the game as well as some interesting implementation aspects of our prototype. Even though we concern just on the topic of mobile games, all introduced techniques can be transferred to a general setting and used in any other mobile application.
[<sup>125</sup>I‐<i>His</i><sup>9</sup>]‐Ghrelin, a novel radioligand for localizing GHS orphan receptors in human and rat tissue; up‐regulation of receptors with atherosclerosis (2001)

1. Ghrelin is the recently identified endogenous ligand for the cloned growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R). We have characterized for the first time the binding of human [125I-His(9)]-ghrelin to normal human and rat tissue and demonstrated expression of this 'orphan' receptor that has previously been predicted to exist from mRNA. Furthermore, we have discovered that [125I-His(9)]-ghrelin density is significantly increased in atherosclerosis. 2. [125I-His(9)]-Ghrelin bound to non-diseased human heart (left ventricle) with an association rate constant (k(obs)) of 0.16+/-0.004 min(-1), a dissociation rate constant of 0.068+/-0.0005 min(-1) (kinetically derived K(D) of 0.1 nM; n=5 individuals+/-s.e.mean), a K(D) of 0.43+/-0.08 nM and B(max) of 7.8+/-0.9 fmol mg(-1) protein (n=6 individual+/-s.e.mean). 3. Specific [125I-His(9)]-ghrelin binding was to the human vasculature including aorta, coronary, pulmonary, arcuate arteries in the kidney and saphenous veins. In rat tissues, binding sites were also localized to the vasculature in peripheral tissues as well as the granular layer of the cerebellum in the CNS. 4. [125I-His(9)]-Ghrelin binding was significantly up-regulated (3 - 4 fold) in both atherosclerotic coronary arteries and saphenous vein grafts with advanced intimal thickening, compared with normal vessels (P<0.05). 5. Our results suggest that the native receptor for [125I-His(9)]-ghrelin may be widely distributed in the human cardiovascular system. Furthermore, changes in the density of this proposed ghrelin receptor implicates this new transmitter system in the development of atherosclerosis and may therefore represent a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Multilingual Text-to-Speech Synthesis (1997)

From the Publisher:
Multilingual Text-to-Speech Synthesis: The Bell Labs Approach is the first monograph-length description of the Bell Labs work on multilingual text-to-speech synthesis. Every important aspect of the system is described, including text analysis, segmental timing, intonation and synthesis. There is also a discussion of evaluation methodologies, as well as a chapter outlining some future areas of research. While the book focuses on the Bell Labs approach to the various problems of converting from text into speech, other approaches are discussed and compared. Thus, this book serves both the function of providing a single reference to an important strand of research in multilingual synthesis, while at the same time providing a source of information on current trends in the field.
[Endoscopic management of bronchial stump fistulas with fibrin glue]. (1986)

Dehiscence of bronchial trunk after lung resection is a severe complication. Beside early re-thoracotomy, in certain cases endoscopic (bronchoscopic) treatment of the bronchial fistula may be applied. In a series of patients, we used this method successfully with the help of a fibrin glue of domestic production. The method is most appropriate for fistulas of small and medium size.
Telavancin: in vitro activity against staphylococci in a biofilm model (2005)

<I>Objectives</I>: To assess the <I>in vitro</I> activity of the novel lipoglycopeptide telavancin against staphylococcal biofilms using an <I>in vitro</I> pharmacokinetic model. <I>Methods</I>: Using the Sorbarod model, biofilms were established. The strains tested included methicillin-susceptible and -resistant strains of <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> and coagulase-negative staphylococci, as well as glycopeptide-intermediate <I>S. aureus</I> (GISA). The biofilms were exposed to exponentially decreasing concentrations of telavancin and four comparator antibiotics, vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid and moxifloxacin and the bactericidal activity of the antibiotics was assessed. The concentrations of the antibiotics used in these experiments corresponded to peak serum levels achievable in humans and the rates at which drug concentrations were decreased corresponded to their elimination half-lives. <I>Results</I>: All of the drugs tested produced a reduction in the number of bacteria eluted from the biofilms. Telavancin was more effective than the commercially available glycopeptides, vancomycin and teicoplanin, and of the three, was the most active agent against both the non-GISA and GISA strains. Of all the antibiotics tested, moxifloxacin produced the greatest reduction in biofilm cells, but only against the non-GISA strains. <I>Conclusions</I>: Telavancin exhibited substantial antimicrobial activity against staphylococcal biofilms, including GISA strains. This study supports the case for the evaluation of telavancin in the treatment of staphylococcal biofilm-associated infections.
A Robust Wavelet Transform Based Technique for Video Text Detection (2009)

In this paper, we propose a new method based on wavelet transform, statistical features and central moments for both graphics and scene text detection in video images. The method uses wavelet single level decomposition LH, HL and HH subbands for computing features and the computed features are fed to k means clustering to classify the text pixel from the background of the image. The average of wavelet subbands and the output of k means clustering helps in classifying true text pixel in the image. The text blocks are detected based on analysis of projection profiles. Finally, we introduce a few heuristics to eliminate false positives from the image. The robustness of the proposed method is tested by conducting experiments on a variety of images of low contrast, complex background, different fonts, and size of text in the image. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods in terms of detection rate, false positive rate and misdetection rate.
Bactericidal Activity of Colicin V Is Mediated by an Inner Membrane Protein, SdaC, of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2005)

ABSTRACT Colicin V (ColV) is a peptide antibiotic that kills sensitive cells by disrupting their membrane potential once it gains access to the inner membrane from the periplasmic face. Recently, we constructed a translocation suicide probe, RR-ColV, that is translocated into the periplasm via the TAT pathway and thus kills the host cells. In this study, we obtained an RR-ColV-resistant mutant by using random Tn 10 transposition mutagenesis. Sequencing analysis revealed that the mutant carried a Tn 10 insertion in the sdaC (also called dcrA ) gene, which is involved in serine uptake and is required for C1 phage adsorption. ColV activity was detected both in the cytoplasm and in the periplasm of this mutant, indicating that RR-ColV was translocated into the periplasm but failed to interact with the inner membrane. The sdaC ::Tn 10 mutant was resistant only to ColV and remained sensitive to colicins Ia, E3, and A. Most importantly, the sdaC ::Tn 10 mutant was killed when ColV was anchored to the periplasmic face of the inner membrane by fusion to EtpM, a type II integral membrane protein. Taken together, these results suggest that the SdaC/DcrA protein serves as a specific inner membrane receptor for ColV.
Improvement of levodopa induced dyskinesias by thalamic deep brain stimulation is related to slight variation in electrode placement: possible involvement of the centre median and parafascicularis complex (1999)

The retrospective analysis of patients treated with DBS using comparable methodologies provides important information concerning electrode position and therapeutic outcome. The position of the electrode is related to the therapeutic effects of DBS. The results support the hypothesis that patients experiencing an improvement of dyskinesias under DBS are actually stimulated in a structure which is more posterior, more internal, and deeper than the VIM, very close to the CM-Pf. These results are consistent with neuroanatomical and neurophysiological data showing that the CM-Pf is included in the motor circuits of the basal ganglia system and receives an important input from the internal pallidum. This suggests that the CM-Pf could be involved specifically in the pathophysiology of levodopa peak dose dyskinesias.
Designing an E-grocery application for a palm computer: usability and interface issues (2001)

The coming ubiquity of handheld devices and e-commerce will offer many new design and application opportunities for human-computer interaction, many of them in "everyday" domains. This article reports on the iterative design of a handheld application for one such domain, grocery shopping. Our goal was to produce a solution for home ordering of groceries using a PDA. The article focuses on the evolution of the application design through a process that alternated design activities with formative evaluations in the field. At the end of the design and development process, 200 shoppers in the United Kingdom were using the resulting application.
NVQs at the leading edge (1994)

National vocational qualifications have had a bad press. Denise Hevey throws down a challenge for nurses to shape the future rather than sit on the sidelines
A low power relaxation oscillator with process insensitive auto-calibration scheme (2016)

In this paper, we present an auto-calibrated process insensitive relaxation oscillator. A process sensitivity of 1.36% is achieved by automatically sensing the output clock frequency spread and alternatively adjusting the capacitor-used for charging and discharging. In addition, a time to digital converter is adopted for tuning the compensating capacitor. Moreover, the proposed oscillator with on-chip calibration scheme, implemented by UMC 0.18μm 1P6M standard process, is validated by our reported extensive post-layout simulation results. A frequency of 32.7 kHz can be generated by operating the system under 1V supply voltage.
Double obstacle phase field approach to an inverse problem\nfor a discontinuous diffusion coefficient\n (2016)

We propose a double obstacle phase field approach to the recovery of piece-wise constant diffusion coefficients for elliptic partial differential equations. The approach to this inverse problem is that of optimal control in which we have a quadratic fidelity term to which we add a perimeter regularisation weighted by a parameter sigma. This yields a functional which is optimised over a set of diffusion coefficients subject to a state equation which is the underlying elliptic PDE. In order to derive a problem which is amenable to computation the perimeter functional is relaxed using a gradient energy functional together with an obstacle potential in which there is an interface parameter epsilon. This phase field approach is justified by proving. We propose a double obstacle phase field approach to the recovery of piece-wise constant diffusion coefficients for elliptic partial differential equations. The approach to this inverse problem is that of optimal control in which we have a quadratic fidelity term to which we add a perimeter regularisation weighted by a parameter sigma. This yields a functional which is optimised over a set of diffusion coefficients subject to a state equation which is the underlying elliptic PDE. In order to derive a problem which is amenable to computation the perimeter functional is relaxed using a gradient energy functional together with an obstacle potential in which there is an interface parameter epsilon. This phase field approach is justified by proving Gamma-convergence to the functional with perimeter regularisation as epsilon ->0. The computational approach is based on a finite element approximation. This discretisation is shown to converge in an appropriate way to the solution of the phase field problem. We derive an iterative method which is shown to yield an energy decreasing sequence converging to a discrete critical point. The efficacy of the approach is illustrated with numerical experiments.
Building a root: the control of patterning and morphogenesis during root development. (1997)

nized columns (or files) of cells along the length of the root that result from repeated transverse divisions in the meristematic region. Thus, the cell files resemble a "cellular assembly line," with each cell in a file more developmentally advanced than the one beneath it (Figure
Effect of Surface Oxygen Complexes on Surface Behavior of Carbons (1975)

Introduction It is now well know that microcrystalline carbons contain appreciable amounts of combined oxygen which gives rise to stable carbon-oxygen surface complexes (1). The work reported from our laboratories (2,3) and from elsewhere (4,5) indicates that there are definite surface groups or complexes which evolve carbon dioxide and, similarly, there are distinct surface entities which evolve carbon monoxide on evacuation at increasing temperatures. The effect of combined oxygen on various surface properties, such as wettability (6), heats of immersion in various liquids (7-9), adsorbability of water and other polar vapours (10-12), selectivity in adsorption from binary mixtures (13,14) has been reported. However, the effect of the individual oxygen complexes such as acidic CO2-complex (15), nonacidic CO2-complex (l6) and CO-complex (3) on some of the surface properties mentioned above has not received adequate attention. An attempt has been made in the present paper to spell out the effect of each
Distributed Channel Selection Principles for Femtocells with Two-Tier Interference (2010)

It goes without saying that the femtocells will be widely employed in the next generation wireless networks since the femtocells improve indoor capacity and coverage with low power and less cost. However, as the femtocells become popular, the femtocell users suffer from the complicated two-tier interference, including the macrocell-to-femtocell and femtocell-to-femtocell interference. Therefore, the femtocells pose a difficult challenge on managing the interference in a autonomous and distributed manner. In this paper, we investigate how to distributedly select the sub-channels for the OFDMA-based femtocell systems to reduce interference and to improve indoor capacity under a link reliability requirement. We develop the channel-gain oriented and interference-avoidance oriented distributed channel selection schemes. Simulation results show that the interference from the macrocell and other femtocells significantly degrades femtocell link reliability and capacity. However, by properly adjusting the number of used sub-channels, the developed channel selection schemes can improve capacity and ensure the link reliability.
Assessment of the effect of head and neck position on upper airway anatomy in sedated paediatric patients using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1995)

Upper airway patency can be compromised when children (or adults) receive sedative medication. The study examines the effect of two different positioning techniques (use of the 'sniff position pillow' (SPP) and shoulder elevation (SE) on maintenance of upper airway patency using MRI in 21 children sedated with intravenous pentobarbital (5-8 mg.kg-1). Children positioned on the SPP had a significantly greater degree of atlanto-occipital extension (P < 0.05), and a significantly greater nasopharyngeal diameter (P < 0.05) than those with shoulder elevation. The degree of atlanto-occipital extension was not significantly correlated with pharyngeal diameter (R = -0.68). No clinical signs of upper airway obstruction were noted and oxygen desaturation did not occur. Both positioning techniques were consistently associated with upper airway patency under the study conditions described. In obligate nose breathers to whom sedative agents are administered, the SPP is more likely to maintain nasopharyngeal patency than shoulder elevation.
An introduction to tablet PCs. (2004)

With this technology, you can access and update electronic medical records from anywhere – with a keyboard or a pen.
Network awareness and mobile agent systems (1998)

Most current computer applications are insensitive to changing network conditions. With the growing demand for wireless, satellite, and other highly volatile computer communications networks, however, applications that are robust in the presence of network volatility must be designed and built. Network-robust applications are of great interest in military situations today, and we expect that interest to grow in industrial and eventually consumer environments as well. Mobile agents are one way to realize such applications, especially when used in a wireless environment. This article discusses issues and results related to the problem of making computer applications network-aware and reactive to changing network conditions. It contains a short overview of our work on mobile agents as well as a tutorial on network sensing from the agent perspective. Some prototypes of network sensing systems and network aware mobile-agent applications are presented.
Tissue-specific expression of a wheat high molecular weight glutenin gene in transgenic tobacco. (1989)

The expression of a wheat genomic clone containing the entire coding sequence of the high molecular weight glutenin subunit 12 gene flanked by 2.6 kilobases of 5' and 1.5 kilobases of 3' sequences has been studied after introduction into tobacco. Seeds of different tobacco plants containing the full-length wheat genomic clone accumulated different amounts of intact high molecular weight glutenin subunit mRNA and of a polypeptide displaying the solubility, molecular weight, and antigenic properties of the high molecular weight glutenin subunit 12. The wheat protein accumulated without obvious degradation products and constituted up to approximately 0.1% of the total tobacco endosperm protein. Restriction fragments corresponding to 2.6 kilobases, 1.4 kilobases, and 433 base pairs of high molecular weight glutenin 5' upstream sequence were fused to the coding sequence of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene in the vector polyCATter and transferred into tobacco. Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase enzyme activity was detected only in the seed endosperm tissue of the transformed plants. It was detected in tobacco seeds 8 days after anthesis and persisted until seed maturity. It is concluded that 433 base pairs of high molecular weight glutenin upstream sequence are sufficient to confer endosperm-specific expression of this monocot gene in the dicot tobacco.
Release of Joint Tortfeasors in Montana (1946)

Release of Joint Tortfeasors in Montana