gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Down‐regulation of mitochondrial gene expression by the anti‐tumor arotinoid mofarotene (Ro 40‐8757) (1994)

To understand the mechanism of action of the antitumor arotinoid mofarotene (Ro 40-8757), differential screening of cDNA libraries with cDNA probes prepared from treated or untreated breast-cancer cells was performed. Several genes were identified that appeared to be regulated by mofarotene, including a mitochondrial gene encoding a subunit of NADH dehydrogenase (NDI). This gene was down-regulated in the breast-cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 after treatment with the arotinoid for 3 to 6 hr. Down-regulation of NDI was detected in 2 other breast-carcinoma cell lines (ZR-75-I and MCF-7) and a pancreatic cancer cell line (BxPC3), but not in the normal fibroblast cell line Wi-38 or several other tumor cell lines. This effect was blocked by addition of cycloheximide to the medium. The retinoids, all-trans and 9-cis retinoic acids, did not affect the expression of NDI in MDA-MB-231 cells, demonstrating that mofarotene was not acting through the nuclear retinoic-acid receptors. In the estrogen-receptor-expressing breast-cancer line ZR-75-I, tamoxifen had no effect on NDI expression. The cytotoxic drugs doxorubicin, 5-FU and vincristine also had no effect on regulation of this gene. Two mitochondrial proteins encoded in the nucleus, ATPase beta subunit and mitochondrial transcription factor I, were not down-regulated by mofarotene. Addition of mofarotene to cells incubated in glucose-free medium led to their death. These results indicate that down-regulation of mitochondrial gene transcription is specific to mofarotene and may explain, in part, the anti-proliferative effects of this compound.
Antibacterial poly(vinyl alcohol) film containing silver nanoparticles: Preparation and characterization (2008)

Abstract The importance of antibacterial materials for biomedical applications is growing nowadays. The presented article deals with the characterization of structural, mechanical and thermal properties and of antibacterial polymeric films based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and silver nitrate, which can find their applicability in wound dressing components and protective coating. The methods of transmission electron microscopy, UV–vis and XRD spectroscopy, optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, stress–strain analysis, and agar diffusion test were used to characterize the polymer films prepared. The results showed strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus already at the lowest addition level of silver nitrate. An improvement of mechanical properties (Young's modulus) was also noticed due to a modification of PVA with silver nitrate up to 1 wt. % of silver content. Furthermore, the results show a strong effect of the thermal history of the sample preparation on the degree of silver‐ion reduction and formation of nanoparticles. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Control of Promatrilysin (MMP7) Activation and Substrate-specific Activity by Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans (2009)

Matrix metalloproteinases are maintained in an inactive state by a bond between the thiol of a conserved cysteine in the prodomain and a zinc atom in the catalytic domain. Once this bond is disrupted, MMPs become active proteinases and can act on a variety of extracellular protein substrates. In vivo, matrilysin (MMP7) activates pro-alpha-defensins (procryptdins), but in vitro, processing of these peptides is slow, with about 50% conversion in 8-12 h. Similarly, autolytic activation of promatrilysin in vitro can take up to 12-24 h for 50% conversion. These inefficient reactions suggest that natural cofactors enhance the activation and activity of matrilysin. We determined that highly sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAG), such as heparin, chondroitin-4,6-sulfate (CS-E), and dermatan sulfate, markedly enhanced (>50-fold) the intermolecular autolytic activation of promatrilysin and the activity of fully active matrilysin to cleave specific physiologic substrates. In contrast, heparan sulfate and less sulfated forms of chondroitin sulfate did not augment matrilysin activation or activity. Chondroitin-2,6-sulfate (CS-D) also did not enhance matrilysin activity, suggesting that the presentation of sulfates is more important than the overall degree of sulfation. Surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that promatrilysin bound heparin (K(D), 400 nm) and CS-E (K(D), 630 nm). Active matrilysin bound heparin (K(D), 150 nm) but less so to CS-E (K(D), 60 microm). Neither form bound heparan sulfate. These observations demonstrate that sulfated GAGs regulate matrilysin activation and its activity against specific substrates.
BI as an assertion language for mutable data structures (2011)

Reynolds has developed a logic for reasoning about mutable data structures in which the pre- and postconditions are written in an intuitionistic logic enriched with a spatial form of conjunction. We investigate the approach from the point of view of the logic BI of bunched implications of O'Hearn and Pym. We begin by giving a model in which the law of the excluded middle holds, thus showing that the approach is compatible with classical logic. The relationship between the intuitionistic and classical versions of the system is established by a translation, analogous to a translation from intuitionistic logic into the modal logic S4. We also consider the question of completeness of the axioms. BI's spatial implication is used to express weakest preconditions for object-component assignments, and an axiom for allocating a cons cell is shown to be complete under an interpretation of triples that allows a command to be applied to states with dangling pointers. We make this latter a feature, by incorporating an operation, and axiom, for disposing of memory. Finally, we describe a local character enjoyed by specifications in the logic, and show how this enables a class of frame axioms, which say what parts of the heap don't change, to be inferred automatically.
Photoinduced switching of metal complexation by quinolinospiropyranindolines in polar solvents (1999)

G. E. Collins, L. Choi, K. J. Ewing, V. Michelet, C. M. Bowen and J. D. Winkler, Chem. Commun., 1999, 321 DOI: 10.1039/A807994C
Effects of pH on electrokinetic velocities in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (1989)

Abstract Effects of pH of micellar solutions on electrokinetic velocities in micellar electrokinetic chromatography were investigated using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solutions. The electroosmotic velocity decreased with a decrease in pH below 5.5, while the electrophoretic velocity of the SDS micelle was almost constant throughout the pH range of 7.0–3.0. Consequently, the migration velocity of the SDS micelle decreased with a decrease in pH, and its direction changed at pH 5.0: the direction was the same as that of the electroosmotic velocity above pH 5.0 and the reverse below pH 5.0. In the latter case, the retention time and resolution will be infinity at a relevant value of the capacity factor, and a wider elution range can be attained.
Abstract 3992: Varlitinib demonstrates tumor regression and vessel normalization in ErbB-dependent and mutated beta-catenin hepatocellular carcinoma patient-derived xenograft model (2018)

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer and current therapies such as sorafenib, regorafenib and lenvatinib, prolong median overall survival by less than a year. Hence, there is an urgent need for additional HCC therapies. Varlitinib is a potent, reversible, small molecule pan – HER inhibitor that selectively binds to EGFR, HER2 and HER4. Varlitinib is currently being clinically tested across multiple indications including biliary tract cancer and gastric cancer. In HCC patient – derived xenograft (PDX) models, varlitinib has been shown to mediate potent anti – tumour activities (ASCO 2016). To understand the molecular profiles of HCC PDX sensitive to varlitinib, we studied the ErbB family signalling in 56 HCC PDX models and varlitinib was found to be efficacious in HCC PDX with activated ErbB2 / 3 as well as mutated beta – catenin. In HCC PDX models with activated ErbB2 / 3 , treatment with varlitinib inhibited multiple proliferation and anti – apoptosis pathways including AKT, PI3K and Survivin pathways. In addition, normalisation of blood vessels by varlitinib in the PDX models, as assessed by staining with biotinylated lectin and anti – CD31, also reduced hypoxia in the tumour microenvironment as well as enhanced the infiltration of immune cells. Activating mutations in the Wnt / beta – catenin pathway lead to tumour development in HCC and occur in a subset of HCC tumours. HCC PDX models with beta – catenin mutation were found to be sensitive to varlitinib. Varlitinib led to down – regulation of mutated beta – catenin signalling, and enhanced staining of beta – catenin at the membrane instead of in the nucleus. Since activating mutations in the Wnt / beta – catenin pathway are detected in 26 – 40 % of HCC samples, our data shows that varlitinib may represent an alternative treatment for a significant subset of HCC which are ErbB / beta – catenin – dependent. Citation Format: Wai Ho Shuen, Richard Ong, Chloe Yeo, Rebecca Banu, Lip Seng Koh, Chit Lai Chee, Qihui Seet, Lisa Ooi, Mark McHale, Bertil Lindmark, Han Chong Toh, Huynh Hung. Varlitinib demonstrates tumor regression and vessel normalization in ErbB-dependent and mutated beta-catenin hepatocellular carcinoma patient-derived xenograft model [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3992.
Exploring and Developing Consumer Health Vocabularies (2005)

Laypersons ("consumers") often have difficulty finding, understanding, and acting on health information due to gaps in their domain knowledge. Ideally, consumer health vocabularies (CHVs) would reflect the different ways consumers express and think about health topics, helping to bridge this vocabulary gap. However, despite the recent research on mismatches between consumer and professional language (e.g., lexical, semantic, and explanatory), there have been few systematic efforts to develop and evaluate CHVs. This paper presents the point of view that CHV development is practical and necessary for extending research on informatics-based tools to facilitate consumer health information seeking, retrieval, and understanding. In support of the view, we briefly describe a distributed, bottom-up approach for (1) exploring the relationship between common consumer health expressions and professional concepts and (2) developing an open-access, preliminary (draft) "first-generation" CHV. While recognizing the limitations of the approach (e.g., not addressing psychosocial and cultural factors), we suggest that such exploratory research and development will yield insights into the nature of consumer health expressions and assist developers in creating tools and applications to support consumer health information seeking.
Aster leaf miner: Chlordane and benzene hexachloride promising as control insecticides (1948)

In recent years leaf miners have been responsible for serious losses to field-grown asters in the Los Angeles area.
The Genome of Human Herpesvirus 6: Maps of Unit-length and Concatemeric Genomes for Nine Restriction Endonucleases (1991)

More than 50 fragments resulting from complete digestion of the DNA of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6, strain U1102) with BamHI, EcoRI, HindIII, KpnI, NruI, SalI or SmaI have been isolated as clones in M13, plasmid, cosmid and lambda vectors. Using these clones, maps have been constructed for the fragments produced by nine restriction enzymes from unit-length virus genomes and from their concatemeric precursors. The unit-length genome is a linear, double-stranded molecule of 161.5 kbp composed of a central segment of a largely unique sequence of 141 kbp (U) with a sequence of 10 kbp duplicated in the same orientation at both 'left' and 'right' genomic termini (i.e. 'left' and 'right' copies of the direct repeat; DRL and DRR). Adopting as standard an orientation in which the major capsid protein gene is 'left' of the gene for alkaline exonuclease, then the 'right' genome termini and DRL. U junctions occur close to or within repetitive (GGGTTA)n sequences. Repetitions of short sequence motifs are present in at least two other regions of the genome. One of these regions consists of a simple repeat (TC/G) of approximately 1.5 kbp in length and is unstable as clones in bacterial vectors. The second region is stably maintained in such vectors and consists of a tandem array of at least 25 copies of a 110 bp sequence containing a single KpnI site. Comparisons of fragments arising from unit-length DNA with those from virus DNA from the nuclei of infected cells have shown that the concatemeric junctions in intracellular DNA contain head-to-tail dimers of the terminal duplications (i.e. ...U1.DRR1.DRL2.U2...). The gross structure established here for the genome from the U1102 isolate of HHV-6 resembles closely that suggested by Pellett and his colleagues for the Z29 isolate and differs from that of the five previously characterized human herpesviruses. This structure of HHV-6 DNA bears a superficial resemblance to that proposed for DNA from channel catfish virus and equine cytomegalovirus.
Influence of Composite Modifier on the Modification of Calcium Carbonate Powder (2013)

The modification of CaCO 3 powder was studied by the composite modifier in n-butanol and water solution. Aluminate coupling agent (ACA) and stearic acid (SA) were added as the composite modifier. The characters of modified CaCO 3 were investigated by the contact angles and infrared spectroscopy (IR). It was found that the contact angles/water of modified CaCO 3 powder increased with the increase of SA/ACA weight ratio, and showed a maximum when ratio was 0.8:1. The contact angles/water of modified CaCO 3 powder obtained in optimum conditions was 136.5°. The results indicated that the surface character of CaCO 3 powder exhibited hydrophobic properties. When adding the active CaCO 3 into PE (the weight ratio of CaCO 3 /PE about (20:100), the mechanical properties of PE were remarkably improved.
Electric Vehicle Power Trading Mechanism Based on Blockchain and Smart Contract in V2G Network (2019)

In order to realize peer-to-peer (P2P) transactions between electric vehicles (EVs) in vehicle-to-grid (V2G) networks, we propose an EV power trading model based on blockchain and smart contract. Firstly, based on the blockchain and smart contract technology, a decentralized power trading model is proposed to realize the information equivalence and transparent openness of power trading. Then, considering the randomness and uncertainty of EV charging and discharging, the EV trading parties use the reverse auction mechanism based on dynamic pricing strategy to complete the transaction matching, which can not only improve the profit of the less competitive power seller, but also it can reduce the cost of the electricity purchaser. Finally, in order to verify the feasibility of our proposed scheme, V2G's EV power trading smart contract was designed, and the smart contract was released to Ethereum and simulated experiments were carried out. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified by simulation experiments and comparison with traditional power trading schemes.
Modeling complex objects in content-based image retrieval (1995)

This paper describes the extended model for information retrieval (EMIR) designed for complex information description and retrieval and particularly well suited for image modeling. A main object in the proposed model has a three parts specification: a description that is a list of attributes; a composition that is a list of component objects; and a topology that is a list of semantic relationships between component objects, expressing more semantic aspects of the main object structure. The model is well suited for image modeling for two complementary reasons. On one hand, it can distinguish between an object structure and its contents. This is achieved by relaxing the class-object classical instantiation link; thus allowing objects to have individual non categorized contents rather than those predicted in their classes. On the other hand, images have typically very different individual contents, and, therefore, cannot be easily modeled within a structured database model such as the relational model. The query language is organized according to the three-part organization of the model. A simple query has three parts: description, being some constraints on some attributes values; composition, being a set of sub-queries on the composition part of objects; topology, being the specification of special required links on the results of composition sub-queries.
Further Psychometric Support for the Sensation Seeking Scale-Form V (2003)

In this study, we investigated the psychometric properties of the Sensation Seeking Scale-V (SSS-V; Zuckerman, Eysenck, & Eysenck, 1978). Participants were 498 undergraduate students at a public university. A confirmatory factor analysis supported the SSS-V four-factor structure. In addition, the internal consistency was high and the convergent validity of the SSS-V was supported. These findings replicate research supporting the construct validity and reliability of the SSS-V in a nonclinical college sample.
Linkage of Rapid Estrogen Action to MAPK Activation by ERα-Shc Association and Shc Pathway Activation (2002)

E2 rapidly activates MAPK in breast cancer cells, and the mechanism for this effect has not been fully identified. Since growth factor-induced MAPK activation involves signaling via the adapter protein Shc (Src-homology and collagen homology) and its association with membrane receptors, we hypothesized that breast cancer cells utilize similar signaling mechanisms in response to E2. In the present study, we demonstrated that E2 rapidly induced Shc phosphorylation and Shc-Grb2 (growth factor receptor binding protein 2)-Sos (son of sevenless) complex formation in MCF-7 cells. Overexpression of dominant negative Shc blocked the effect of E2 on MAPK, indicating a critical role of Shc in E2 action. Using selective inhibitors, we also demonstrated that ERalpha and Src are upstream regulators of Shc. A rapid physical association between ERalpha and Shc upon E2 stimulation further evidenced the role of ERalpha on Shc activation. Mutagenesis studies showed that the phosphotyrosine binding and SH2 domains of Shc are required to interact with the activation function 1, but not activation function 2, domain of ERalpha. Using a glutathione-S-transferase-Shc pull-down assay, we demonstrated that this ERalpha-Shc association was direct. Biological consequences of this pathway were further investigated at the genomic and nongenomic levels. E2 stimulated MAPK-mediated Elk-1 transcriptional activity. Confocal microscopy studies showed that E2 rapidly induced formation of membrane ruffles, pseudopodia, and ERalpha membrane translocation. The E2-induced morphological changes were prevented by antiestrogen. Together our results demonstrate that ERalpha can mediate the rapid effects of E2 on Shc, MAPK, Elk-1, and morphological changes in breast cancer cells
Trypanosome glycosomal protein P60 is homologous to phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) (1989)

Journal Article Trypanosome glycosomal protein P60 is homologous to phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) Get access Marilyn Parsons, Marilyn Parsons * 1Department of Pathobiology SC 38, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA 98195, USA *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John M. Smith John M. Smith 1Department of Pathobiology SC 38, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA 98195, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 17, Issue 15, 11 August 1989, Page 6411, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/17.15.6411 Published: 11 August 1989 Article history Received: 05 June 1989 Published: 11 August 1989
IP over optical cross-connect architectures [Topics in Optical Communications] (2007)

IP over optical network architectures have been extensively discussed within the research literature over the past few years. However, although signaling protocols between IP routers and optical cross-connect networks have been standardized, large IP backbones are not typically deployed over optical cross-connect networks with automatic reconfigurability features, such as automatic restoration or dynamic establishment of new IP links. One of the most important criteria in determining whether an IP backbone should be carried over such an optical cross-connect network is economic viability. In this article we analyze and explore four architectures for a typical large ISP backbone. In contrast with some other published claims, our results suggest it is more economically attractive to bypass an intermediate cross-connect network, given current equipment and IP backbone network design requirements. However, for ISPs who also provide a large volume of private line services, we propose an integrated architecture for IP over optical cross-connect networks that may provide an attractive alternative for providing rapid and cost-effective restoration from network failures
Case 30-2000 (2000)

Presentation of CaseA 25-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of asthma, cardiac failure, diarrhea, and weakness of the right hand.He had been well until two years earlier, when asthma developed. It was managed with bronchodilator medications and intermittent pulsed doses of corticosteroids, including prednisone. Seven months before admission, treatment with montelukast sodium was begun. The wheezing worsened, and repeated doses of corticosteroids were administered. Four months before admission, laboratory tests were performed (Table 1 and Table 2). Several weeks before admission, the dose of prednisone was tapered, but information on the specific regimen was not available.One month . . .
Chemotactic signal integration in bacteria. (1995)

Chemotactic signaling in Escherichia coli involves transmission of both negative and positive signals. In order to examine mechanisms of signal processing, behavioral responses to dual inputs have been measured by using photoactivable "caged" compounds, computer video analysis, and chemoreceptor deletion mutants. Signaling from Tar and Tsr, two receptors that sense amino acids and pH, was studied. In a Tar deletion mutant the photoactivated release of protons, a Tsr repellent, and of serine, a Tsr attractant, in separate experiments at pH 7.0 resulted in tumbling (negative) or smooth-swimming (positive) responses in ca. 50 and 140 ms, respectively. Simultaneous photorelease of protons and serine resulted in a single tumbling or smooth-swimming response, depending on the relative amounts of the two effectors. In contrast, in wild-type E. coli, proton release at pH 7.0 resulted in a biphasic response that was attributed to Tsr-mediated tumbling followed by Tar-mediated smooth-swimming. In wild-type E. coli at more alkaline pH values the Tar-mediated signal was stronger than the Tsr signal, resulting in a strong smooth-swimming response preceded by a diminished tumbling response. These observations imply that (i) a single receptor time-averages the binding of different chemotactic ligands generating a single response; (ii) ligand binding to different receptors can result in a nonintegrated response with the tumbling response preceding the smooth-swimming response; (iii) however, chemotactic signals of different intensities derived from different receptors can also result in an apparently integrated response; and (iv) the different chemotactic responses to protons at neutral and alkaline pH may contribute to E. coli migration toward neutrality.