gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Mechanism of the Hinsberg Thiophene Ring Synthesis<sup>1,2</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Mechanism of the Hinsberg Thiophene Ring Synthesis1,2Hans Wynberg and H. J. KooremanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 8, 1739–1742Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01086a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01086a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1754Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Resins and additives for powder coatings and alkyd paints, based on renewable resources (2007)

Due to limited fossil resources and an increased need for environmentally friendly, sustainable technologies, the importance of using renewable feedstocks in the paint and coatings area will increase in the decades to come. This paper highlights some of the perspectives in this area. Alkyd resins for high-solid paints and reactive diluents, completely based on commercially available renewable resources, were prepared and characterized. Alkyd resins based on sucrose and unsaturated fatty acids or oils showed a low intrinsic viscosity, making them suitable to be used in high-solid alkyd paints. Reactive diluents based on similar starting materials showed excellent properties with regard to thinning behavior and effect on drying characteristics. Powder coating polyester resins were synthesized, starting from isosorbide and diacids. Polyester resins with glass transition temperatures up to 70°C were obtained. Incorporation of small amounts of other diols and trifunctional components was found to improve color and coating properties. In order to create completely renewable resin systems, the development of renewable drying agents for alkyds and crosslinkers for powder coatings is in progress.
Low frequency phase coherent communications in the Sicily Strait (2002)

Low frequency (950-1450 Hz) quadrature phase shifted keying signals were transmitted between a bottom mounted source and vertical array during the 1999 Adventure Bank experiment in the Sicily Strait at a distance of 10 km. The purpose of this experiment was to minimize the effect of Doppler shift/spread due to source motion so that the effect of the environment can be better diagnosed. Temporal and spatial coherence of the signal are measured to analyze the performance of beamforming and spatial diversity versus the number of phones using a sparse equalizer. It is shown that by choosing phones according to spatial coherence and combining beamforming with diversity, bit error rates of the order of 10/sup -3/ were achieved consistently over a period of /spl sim/9 hours with a signal-to-noise ratio as low as /spl sim/1 dB at the phone level.
Intravital Two-Photon Microscopy of Immune Cell Dynamics in Corneal Lymphatic Vessels (2011)

To our knowledge we here demonstrate for the first time the intravital real-time transmigration of immune cells into lymphatic vessels. Overall this study demonstrates the valuable use of intravital autofluorescence two-photon microscopy in the model of suture-induced corneal vascularizations to study interactions of immune and subsequently tumor cells with lymphatic vessels under close as possible physiological conditions.
Detection and differentiation of normal, cancerous, and metastatic cells using nanoparticle-polymer sensor arrays (2009)

Rapid and effective differentiation between normal and cancer cells is an important challenge for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. Here, we describe an array-based system for identification of normal and cancer cells based on a "chemical nose/tongue" approach that exploits subtle changes in the physicochemical nature of different cell surfaces. Their differential interactions with functionalized nanoparticles are transduced through displacement of a multivalent polymer fluorophore that is quenched when bound to the particle and fluorescent after release. Using this sensing strategy we can rapidly (minutes/seconds) and effectively distinguish (i) different cell types; (ii) normal, cancerous and metastatic human breast cells; and (iii) isogenic normal, cancerous and metastatic murine epithelial cell lines.
Expression of insulin - like growth factor - II and matrix metalloproteinase - 9 in the placentas of severe pre - elampsia (2009)

Objective To discuss the expression of insulin - like growth factor - Ⅱ (IGF - Ⅱ) and matrix metalloproteinase - 9 (MMP - 9) in the placentas of severe pre - elampsia (PE). Methods Immunohistochemical technique and image analysis system were applied to detect and analyze the expres-sion of IGF - Ⅱ and MMP - 9 in the placentas from PE (n = 25) and normotensives (NT, n = 22). Re-suits IGF - Ⅱ was mostly found in syneytiotrophoblast, eytotrophoblast. The mean density of PE placen-tas(60.6±2.7) was significantly lower than that of normotensives(73.4±4.7, P < 0.05). MMP - 9 was also mostly found in syneytiotrophoblast, eytotrophoblast. The mean density of PE plaeentas(65.2± 4.6) was significantly lower than that of normotensives (73.9 ± 3.0). Conclusions IGF - Ⅱ and MMP- 9 in human placentas are mainly loeated in syneytiotrophoblast, eytotrophoblast. Reduced IGF-Ⅱ and MMP-9 expression may have an important role in the pathogenesis in severe pre -elampsia.

Key words: 
Insulin -like growth factor -Ⅱ;  Matrix metalloproteinase -9; Severe pre -elampsia
Default Probability (1991)

A probability may be called “default” if it is neither derived from preestablished probabilities nor based on considerations of frequency or symmetry. Default probabilities presumably arise through reasoning based on causality and similarity. This article advances a model of default probability based on a featural approach to similarity. The accuracy of the model is assessed by comparing its predictions to the probabilities provided by undergraduates asked to reason about mammals.
Photovoltaik auf Glas: CIS‐Dünnschicht‐Solarzellen (2004)

Abstract Heutige Solarmodule bestehen aus kristallinem Silizium. Ihre Herstellung benötigt eine aufwändige Prozesstechnik und verbraucht viel Material und Energie. Das Hahn‐Meitner‐Institut (HMI) in Berlin hat als interessante Alternative eine Dünnschichttechnologie entwickelt. Bei ihr wirkt Kupfer‐Indium‐Disulfid (CIS) als direkter Halbleiter: Er kann die Energie auftreffender Photonen direkt in freie Ladungsträger und damit elektrischen Strom umsetzen. Deshalb brauchen CISSolarmodule nur eine sehr dünne Halbleiterschicht von etwa 1 μm Dicke, die auf Glas aufgebracht ist. CIS‐Module können geschätzt etwa 50 % billiger als heutige Silizium‐Solarzellen hergestellt werden. Die aus dem HMI heraus gegründete Sulfurcell Solartechnik GmbH baut nun eine Pilotproduktion auf.
Comparison of intravascular ultrasound and angiography in the assessment of myocardial bridging. (1994)

Intravascular ultrasound demonstrated a characteristic systolic compression of the bridge segments. The delayed compression release may explain the characteristic sharp early diastolic peak in coronary flow velocity found with intracoronary Doppler in vessels with myocardial bridging. Reduced coronary flow reserve may be related to this phenomenon, possibly explaining signs of ischemia detected in some of the patients, but may alternatively be a result of the presence of atherosclerosis in the segment proximal to the bridge in these patients.
New Panamic nudibranchs (Gastropoda; Opisthobranchia) from the Gulf of California (1968)

Three new species of shell-less euthyneuran mollusks from the northern part of the Panamic faunal province are described. These are: Chromodorh faycac sp. now, Acanthodoris stohlcri sp. nov. and Nembrotha hubbsi sp. nov. The last taxon represents the first record for this genus in the eastern Pacific. Other northeastern Pacific species of the treated genera are compared and discussed. Anatomical details and geographic ranges are provided.
Development and validation of the mastocytosis quality of life questionnaire: MC-QoL (2016)

The MC-QoL is the first disease-specific HRQoL questionnaire for adult patients with cutaneous and indolent systemic mastocytosis. This short, validated and reliable instrument will serve as a valuable tool in future clinical studies and in routine patient care.
Humanized antibody development using phage display: applications to solid tumor metastasis (2016)

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. July 2016. Major: Pharmaceutics. Advisor: Jayanth Panyam. 1 computer file (PDF); viii, 118 pages.
The low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor p75NGFR mediates death of PC12 cells after nerve growth factor withdrawal (1996)

We have investigated the role of the low-affinity nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor p75NGFR in determining the death of neuronally differentiated PC12 cells after withdrawal of NGF. A range of high and low p75NGFR-expressing cells were obtained by a combination of fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and stable transfection with a p75NGFR expression vector. Cells were readily differentiated to a neuronal phenotype irrespective of the level of p75NGFR expression. However, the rate and extent of neuronal death following NGF deprivation were extremely sensitive to the level of p75NGFR expression. The highest expressing cells died most rapidly. Cells selected for very low levels of p75NGFR expression exhibited resistance to NGF withdrawal, and remained as viable, differentiated neurons, with minimal cell death, for at least 5 days in the absence of NGF. Antisense oligonucleotides against p75NGFR were shown to down-regulate p75NGFR in PC12 cells and, further, to significantly enhance survival in the absence of NGF. These results consolidate and generalize our previous findings that p75NGFR induces cell death in postnatal sensory neurons in the absence of NGF. The ability to induce cell death in the absence of NGF appears to be a more general role of p75NGFR in differentiated neurons, and an important new paradigm for the mechanism of NGF-dependent survival.
The Correction of Seventh Nerve Palsy Lagophthalmos with Gold Lid Load (16 Years Experience) (1989)

Seventy-one patients with facial palsy following implantation of a gold prosthesis into the upper eyelid are reviewed; the average follow-up is 3.2 years. Eighty percent (57) of the patients demonstrated no complications and had satisfactory results. The methods, complications, advantages, and disadvantages are discussed.
Heat Exchanger Design Procedures (2003)

This chapter contains sections titled: Fluid Mean Temperatures Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers Tube-Fin Heat Exchangers Plate Heat Exchangers Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers Heat Exchanger Optimization Summary References Review Questions Problems
IP header compression in the SGSN (2003)

This paper discusses how protocol header compression schemes can be implemented in the Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) as part of the GSM recommendations. We briefly describe details of the two compression algorithms currently selected for implementation by the recommendations committee, followed by an explanation of how these schemes can be implemented in the SGSN.
Airway Hyperresponsiveness, Inflammation, and Subepithelial Collagen Deposition in Recently Diagnosed versus Long-standing Mild Asthma (2000)

This study aimed at documenting airway inflammation and subepithelial collagen deposition in patients using only inhaled beta(2)-agonists with either recently diagnosed asthma (RDA: </= 2 yr, n = 16) or long-standing asthma (LSA: >/= 13 yr, n = 16) and at the influence of an intense inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment on these parameters, in relation to changes in airway responsiveness. Patients had a methacholine inhalation test and a bronchoscopy with bronchial biopsies before and after an 8-wk treatment with inhaled fluticasone propionate (FP), 1,000 microgram/day. Baseline FEV(1) (mean +/- SEM) was normal and similar in both groups (RDA: 98.1 +/- 2.7, LSA: 94.5 +/- 4.6%). Geometric mean methacholine PC(20) was lower in LSA than in RDA (0.44 versus 3.37 mg/ml) at baseline and improved similarly by 1.85 and 1.86 double concentrations with FP treatment. PC(20) normalized (>/= 16 mg/ml) in five patients with RDA and two patients with LSA. Baseline mean bronchial cell counts (per mm(2) connective tissue surface) for CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD25(+), EG1(+), CD45ro(+), and AA1(+) cells were similar in both groups. With FP, EG1(+) (p < 0.001), EG2(+) (p = 0.018), and AA1(+) counts (p = 0.009) decreased significantly in both groups while CD45ro(+) (p = 0.02) counts decreased only in LSA. Baseline type 1 and type 3 collagen deposition underneath the basement membrane was similar in RDA and LSA and did not change significantly after FP. This study shows that recent compared to long-standing mild asthma is associated with a similar degree of airway inflammation and subepithelial fibrosis, and a similar improvement in airway hyperresponsiveness after 8 wk on high-dose ICS. It also indicates that once asthma becomes symptomatic, airway responsiveness cannot normalize in most subjects over such a time period, even with a high dose of ICS.
Design of low-phase-noise CMOS ring oscillators (2002)

This paper presents a framework for modeling the phase noise in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) ring oscillators. The analysis considers both linear and nonlinear operations, and it includes both device noise and digital switching noise coupled through the power supply and substrate. In this paper, we show that fast rail-to-rail switching is required in order to achieve low phase noise. Further, flicker noise from the bias circuit can potentially dominate the phase noise at low offset frequencies. We define the effective Q factor for ring oscillators with large and nonlinear voltage swings and predict its increase for CMOS processes with smaller feature sizes. Our phase-noise analysis is validated via simulation and measurement results for ring oscillators fabricated in a number of CMOS processes.
The role of the extracellular matrix in primary myelofibrosis (2017)

Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that arises from clonal proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and leads to progressive bone marrow (BM) fibrosis. While cellular mutations involved in the development of PMF have been heavily investigated, noteworthy is the important role the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays in the progression of BM fibrosis. This review surveys ECM proteins contributors of PMF, and highlights how better understanding of the control of the ECM within the BM niche may lead to combined therapeutic options in PMF.
Design and Fabrication of a Micro-Size Thermionic Ionization/Flame Ionization Detector for Gas Phase Chemical Analytes (2004)

A simple, MEMS base micro-chemical detector utilizing the principles of gas ionization, has been designed and fabricated. The device contains a polysilicon micro air-bridge heater structure with integrated polysilicon electrodes. The design of the devices allows it not only functions via thermionic emission, but also via chemi-ionization if a proper Pt catalyst is applied and it is operated in an environment containing hydrogen. When properly biased the device has been shown to heat to high temperatures where thermionic emission can begin to occur. Hydrocarbon chemicals in the gas phase have shown to ionize, via thermionic ionization and have been collected, producing a measurable current signal.
System of acquisition and processing of images of dynamic speckle (2015)

In this paper we show the design and implementation of a system to capture and analysis of dynamic speckle. The device consists of a USB camera, an isolated system lights for imaging, a laser pointer 633 nm 10 mw as coherent light source, a diffuser and a laptop for processing video. The equipment enables the acquisition and storage of video, also calculated of different descriptors of statistical analysis (vector global accumulation of activity, activity matrix accumulation, cross-correlation vector, autocorrelation coefficient, matrix Fujji etc.). The equipment is designed so that it can be taken directly to the site where the sample for biological study and is currently being used in research projects within the group.
Design of a Micromachined CMOS Compass (2005)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et a ̀ la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Itraconazole Comedication Increases Systemic Levels of Inhaled Fluticasone in Lung Transplant Recipients (2006)

Itraconazole comedication substantially increases systemic levels of inhaled fluticasone, most likely by inhibiting the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme system and thus the clearance of fluticasone. Accumulation of fluticasone can result in increased systemic effects and therefore comedication has to be taken into consideration when inhaled fluticasone is prescribed.
Perhalo Ketones. VI. Aromatic Amino Derivatives of the Perhaloacetones (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPerhalo Ketones. VI. Aromatic Amino Derivatives of the PerhaloacetonesEverett E. Gilbert, Edward S. Jones, and John P. SibiliaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 4, 1001–1003Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01015a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01015a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views323Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The abnormal mammogram radiographic findings, diagnostic options, pathology, and stage of cancer diagnosis (1994)

An abnormal mammogram often will detect a mass, a cluster of calcifications, or both; these findings are not pathognomonic and require a tissue diagnosis to confirm the presence of invasive cancer, in situ cancer, or a nonmalignant process. Although mammography is very sensitive, its abnormalities may be nonspecific. Ultrasound may help to distinguish a cystic mass from a solid mass. The mammographic report should be concise and not vague and must provide the referring physician with clear information as to whether the test is normal, a biopsy must be performed on the abnormality, or the abnormality will be reviewed with a repeat X-ray examination in 6-month intervals until the nature of the abnormality is determined. A common error is to palpate a breast mass that is not visible on the mammogram (false negative) and assume that the mass is not cancerous. Reasonable interpretation of a mammographic abnormality must differentiate malignant disease from a variety of benign conditions and at the same time minimize the number of biopsies performed on a mammographic abnormality that proves to be benign. Asymptomatic breast cancer may be detected mammographically when screening mammography is used; five to seven cancers should be detected in each 1000 women when initially screened, and this incidence will decrease to 0.8-3.5 cancers per 1000 women screened, depending on their age. In recent reports, the detection of an in situ, or a Stage 0, breast cancer occurred in about 25% of the women screened. The earlier the stage, the better the prognosis and the more conservative the treatment options that may be offered to the patient. Every mammographic practice must be audited for quality control. Modern computer technology may make this effort less tedious and time-consuming than it was in the past.
Ligation-induced changes in metal-metal bonding in luminescent binuclear complexes containing gold(I) and iridium(I) (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLigation-induced changes in metal-metal bonding in luminescent binuclear complexes containing gold(I) and iridium(I)Alan L. Balch and Vincent J. CatalanoCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 6, 1302–1308Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00006a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00006a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views204Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts