gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solid phase crystallization of thin films of Si prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (1993)

Solid phase crystallization of thin films of undoped amorphous Si prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition has been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). From the TEM images, the thermodynamic parameters for the amorphous and crystalline phases were extracted. These parameters were compared with those previously reported for evaporated, chemical vapor deposited, and self-implanted amorphous Si. We conclude that the thermodynamic parameters are very similar for different amorphous Si films, although the initial structure of the films is comparatively different from one to another. To explain this, the existence of an intermediate amorphous state is assumed and discussed.
Pentacene‐Zinc Oxide Vertical Diode with Compatible Grains and 15‐MHz Rectification (2008)

Vertical p-n junction organic-inorganic hybrid diodes are fabricated and characterized. The current density and rectification speed in the open atmosphere are higher than previously reported organic vertical diodes with relatively lower operating voltage, and the stability is encouraging.
Using machine learning to aid in the parameter optimisation process for metal-based additive manufacturing (2019)

Purpose Metal-based additive manufacturing is a relatively new technology used to fabricate metal objects within an entirely digital workflow. However, only a small number of different metals are proven for this process. This is partly due to the need to find a new set of parameters which can be used to successfully build an object for every new alloy investigated. There are dozens of variables which contribute to a successful set of parameters and process parameter optimisation is currently a manual process which relies on human judgement. Design/methodology/approach Here, the authors demonstrate the application of machine learning as an alternative method to determine this set of process parameters, the subject of this test is the processing of pure copper in a laser powder bed fusion printer. Data in the form of optical images were collected over the course of traditional parameter optimisation. These images were segmented and fed into a convolutional autoencoder and then clustered to find the clusters which best represented a high-quality result. The clusters were manually scored according to their quality and the results applied to the original set of parameters. Findings It was found that the machine-learned clustering and subsequent scoring reflected many of the observations which were found in the traditional parameter optimisation process. Originality/value This exercise, as well as demonstrating the effectiveness of the ML approach, indicates an opportunity to fully automate the approach to process optimisation by applying labels to the data, hence, an approach that could also potentially be suited for on-the-fly process optimisation. Graphical abstract
Thermospray interfacing for flow injection analysis with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermospray interfacing for flow injection analysis with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometryJ. A. Koropchak and D. H. WinnCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 12, 2558–2561Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00125a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00125a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views41Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design for testability for mixed analog/digital ASICs (2003)

A description is given of the concept and issues of design for testability for mixed analog-digital circuits, an architecture for testable circuits of this type, general testing procedure, and the concept of analog test tables. The analog test tables contain information such as what parameters are selected for testing, what nodes need to be accessible, and testing conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Microbubble contrast agent for color Doppler US: effect on breast masses. Work in progress. (1996)

Injection of a microbubble agent enabled accurate differentiation of benign masses from carcinomas.
Identification of protein-coding sequences using the hybridization of 18S rRNA and mRNA during translation (2008)

We introduce a new approach in this article to distinguish protein-coding sequences from non-coding sequences utilizing a period-3, free energy signal that arises from the interactions of the 3'-terminal nucleotides of the 18S rRNA with mRNA. We extracted the special features of the amplitude and the phase of the period-3 signal in protein-coding regions, which is not found in non-coding regions, and used them to distinguish protein-coding sequences from non-coding sequences. We tested on all the experimental genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The identification was consistent with the corresponding information from GenBank, and produced better performance compared to existing methods that use a period-3 signal. The primary tests on some fly, mouse and human genes suggests that our method is applicable to higher eukaryotic genes. The tests on pseudogenes indicated that most pseudogenes have no period-3 signal. Some exploration of the 3'-tail of 18S rRNA and pattern analysis of protein-coding sequences supported further our assumption that the 3'-tail of 18S rRNA has a role of synchronization throughout translation elongation process. This, in turn, can be utilized for the identification of protein-coding sequences.
Writing and writer identity: the poor relation and the search for voice in ‘personal literacy’ (2017)

Abstract The teaching of writing has been a relatively neglected aspect of research in literacy. Cultural and socio‐economic reasons for this are suggested. In addition, teachers often readily acknowledge themselves as readers, but rarely as writers. Without a solid grasp of compositional processes, teachers are perhaps prone to adopt schemes that promote mechanistic writing approaches, which are reinforced by top‐down discourses of literacy. This ‘schooling literacy’ is often at odds with children's lives and their narratives of social being. After discussing theories of writing, tensions between ‘schooling literacy’ and ‘personal literacy’ are debated. It is suggested that the disjuncture of the two exposes gaps that provide teachers with spaces in which to construct a writing curriculum embedded in children's language and funds of knowledge. The elevation of this ‘personal literacy’ is viewed as an imperative to enhance children's identities as writers, as well as their engagement with writing.
Subband Acoustic Echo Control Using Non-Critical Frequency Sampling (1996)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Trieste, Italy, 1996
Tolerance, Viral Shedding, and Neoplasia in Chickens Infected with Non-Defective Reticuloendotheliosis Viruses (1981)

Chickens inoculated as embryos with non-defective reticuloendotheliosis viruses (ndREVs) generally developed a "tolerant" infection characterized by lack of immunofluorescent antibody and by a viremia that persisted through 93 weeks. Chickens inoculated at hatching generally developed a "non-tolerant" infection characterized by antibody development that gradually waned as the chickens aged and by a transient or intermittent viremia. Although chickens tolerantly infected with ndREV strain T were immunodepressed, tolerance to ndREVs did not depend on immunodepression, because 17-to-20-week-old chickens tolerantly infected with ndREV strain CS were normal in antibody response to sheep red blood cells and Brucella abortus and in mitogen-stimulated blastogenesis of blood lymphocytes. Tolerantly infected dams shed low levels of gs antigen and virus into eggs at high frequencies; however, in two trials, congenital transmission of virus by strain-CS-infected dams was documented in only 2 of 42 and 1 of 132 progeny chicks. Eggs and progeny chicks from non-tolerantly infected dams were always negative for virus and gs antigen. After long latent period (17 to 93 weeks), ndREV-infected chickens developed lymphomas involving the bursa of Fabricius and other visceral organs at high frequency and developed sarcomas, carcinomas, and inflammatory nerve lesions at a lower frequency. The ability of ndREVs to induce tolerant and non-tolerant infection, virus- and antigen-shedding into eggs, and chronic neoplastic disease resembled that of lymphoid leukosis virus, another common avian retrovirus. Certain differences in epidemiological properties of these 2 viruses are discussed.
Hospitality Marketing and Branding: Past and Future (2012)

This chapter discusses the evolution of hospitality marketing over the past fifty years by reviewing key marketing developments by decade, particularly as seen through the pages of the Cornell Hospitality Quarterly. In the 1960s, developments in technology and marketing drove rapid changes in the hospitality industry. The founding and development of several national hotel chains brought on new standards and dramatically increased competition. From a marketing perspective, promotion was the prevailing theme. In the 1970s, product development and market research were the predominant themes. The trends in the 1980s were revenue management and brand development. The 1990s focused on customer satisfaction and loyalty. In the 2000s, the predominant theme was web marketing, followed by data-driven marketing in the 2010s. The chapter closes by exploring the possibilities that the next decade offers.
THE SOUTH IN CONTINUITY AND CHANGE. Edited by John C. McKinney and Edgar T. Thompson. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1965. 511 pp. Tables. $10.00 (1966)

Journal Article The South in Continuity and Change. Edited by John C. McKinney and Edgar T. Thompson. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1965. 511 pp. Tables. $10.00 Get access Robin M. Williams, Jr. Robin M. Williams, Jr. Cornell University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 45, Issue 1, September 1966, Pages 122–123, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/45.1.122 Published: 01 September 1966
CONDITION EVALUATION OF CONCRETE BRIDGES RELATIVE TO REINFORCEMENT CORROSION. VOLUME 6: METHOD FOR FIELD DETERMINATION OF TOTAL CHLORIDE CONTENT (1992)

This report deals with the selction of a method and the development of detailed procedures to accurately measure the chloride content of reinforced concrete in the field. Specific ion probe, spectrophotometer, digital titrator, and quantab titrator stips were the methods investigated. Results from laboratory procedures and evaluation based on cost, speed accuracy, and levels of required expertise indicated that the specific ion probe was more suitable for use in the field than the other methods selected. Field validation testing was done to substantiate laboratory findings. Guidelines were produced for the instrumentation, digestion solution, and test procedure. The enhanced procedures were evaluated.
A convenient synthesis of <i>N</i>‐aryl‐1,2‐dihydro‐2‐oxo‐3‐pyridinecarbox‐amides, <i>N</i>‐aryl‐<i>N</i>‐methyl‐1,2‐dihydro‐2‐oxo‐3‐pyridinecarboxamides and their 1‐methyl (<i>O</i>‐methyl)‐derivatives (1982)

Abstract A new and versatile method for the preparation of the isonixine analogues, N ‐aryl‐1,2‐dihydro‐2‐oxo‐3‐pyridinecarboxamides and N ‐aryl‐ N ‐methyl‐1,2‐dihydro‐2‐oxo‐3‐pyridinecarboxamides is described via the selective chlorination of 2‐hydroxynicotinic acid. In order to prepare these new compounds, the chemistry of the methyl‐blocked forms of each tautomer is discussed.
Spark Plasma Sintering of an Infrared‐Transparent Y <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> –MgO Nanocomposite (2009)

A novel optically transparent ceramic nanocomposite Y 2 O 3 –MgO was produced using spark plasma sintering technique. Sintering parameters was optimized to obtain fully dense material while maintaining nanoscale grain size. The sintered nanocomposite has an excellent infrared transmission as a result of small grain size and homogeneous microstructure. Postsinter annealing can significantly improve the transmission. Overly larger grain size severely degrades the transmittance.
Automatic Arrhythmia Identification Using Analysis of the Atrioventricular Association (1997)

Analysis of atrioventricular association promotes reliable differentiation between ventricular and supraventricular tachycardias and should enhance the diagnostic capabilities of implantable defibrillators.
Detecting Practical Speech Emotion in a Cognitive Task (2011)

In this paper we analysis the speech emotions related to cognitive process. An automatic system is established for detecting speech emotions including anxiety, hesitation, confidence and joy. In order to obtain a naturalistic database we use noise to induce negative emotions, sleep deprivation is also used for this purpose. The lack of sleep is an important cause for anxiety. Annotation of emotional speech is then done manually with a self evaluation for the felt emotions in each utterance. Acoustic features are extracted both for valence dimension and arousal dimension including voice quality features. For the recognition algorithm Gaussian Mixture Model is adopted for detecting each type of emotions from neutral speech. Based on the detection of each emotion in the continuous recognition of emotion states an error correcting method is proposed. With the previous emotion states and cognitive performance the detection errors in current emotion state is corrected with empirical probability. Experimental results show that our system can detect "practical" speech emotions related to cognitive process. With the proposed error correcting method the recognition performance is improved compared to the baseline system based on Gaussian Mixture Model. We believe the detection of these "practical" emotions is important for real world applications, especially for helping people cope with negative emotions in cognitive activities.
Spatial light modulator based on sheared polymer network liquid crystal (2007)

A kind of spatial light modulator using sheared polymer network liquid crystal (SPNLC) is presented. The SPNLC shows a fast response and weak thickness dependency. The SPNLC cell is fabricated by exposing the mixture of E7 liquid crystal and monomer NOA65 under ultraviolet light. A sheared force is applied to the cell to align the liquid crystal domains, decreasing response time and reducing light scattering. A SPNLC sample of d=13μm with about 3ms response time was measured at λ=632.8nm. For another sample of d=20μm reflective infrared spatial light modulator using SPNLC, when the black body of readout radiation was 600°C, response time with about 8ms at λ=10.6μm and the maximum difference in temperature with more than 80°C at 8~14μm were measured.
The Role of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Activation in Homocysteine-Induced Death of Retinal Ganglion Cells (2011)

These experiments provide compelling evidence that homocysteine induces retinal ganglion cell toxicity through direct NMDA receptor stimulation and implicate, for the first time, the induction of oxidative stress as a potent mechanism of homocysteine-mediated ganglion cell death.
Individual Subunits of Heterodimers Comprised of Retinoic Acid and Retinoid X Receptors Interact with Their Ligands Independently (1996)

The retinoid X receptor (RXR) is a member of a family of transcription factors, known as hormone nuclear receptors, that mediate the effects of hydrophobic hormones on gene transcription. RXR, which is activated by 9-cis-retinoic acid (9cRA), can modulate several signaling pathways by virtue of its ability to form heterodimers with other members of the receptor family, as, for example, the retinoic acid receptor (RAR). The roles of the individual receptors within heterodimers are not clear as yet. It was recently reported that heterodimerization inhibits transcriptional activation by RXR, an effect that was attributed to an inability of RXR within heterodimers to bind its ligand. This inhibition was reported to depend on the association of heterodimers with cognate DNA and on the level of saturation of the RAR subunit within the heterodimers. In the present work, the ligand-binding characteristics of RXR and RAR individually and within heterodimers were examined by fluorescence-based methods. The results indicate that heterodimerization with RAR does ot alter the ligand-binding capacity of RXR nor the rate of dissociation of the ligand from this receptor. The ligand-binding capacity of RXR also was not affected by association of heterodimers with cognate DNA nor by the level of saturation of the RAR subunit. The data indicate further that the affinity of RAR for 9cRA is considerably higher as compared to RXR and that this differential affinity is retained within RAR-RXR heterodimers. Thus, binding of ligands by subunits within RAR-RXR heterodimers proceeds independently.
ViTa: prediction of host microRNAs targets on viruses (2006)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in various biological processes by suppressing gene expression. A recent work has indicated that host miRNAs are also capable of regulating viral gene expression by targeting the virus genomes. To investigate regulatory relationships between host miRNAs and related viruses, we present a novel database, namely ViTa, to curate the known virus miRNA genes and the known/putative target sites of human, mice, rat and chicken miRNAs. Known miRNAs are obtained from miRBase. Virus data are collected and referred from ICTVdB, VBRC and VirGen. Experimentally validated miRNA targets on viruses were derived from literatures. Then, miRanda and TargetScan are utilized to predict miRNA targets within virus genomes. ViTa also provides the virus annotations, virus-infected tissues and tissue specificity of host miRNAs. This work also facilitates the comparisons between subtypes of viruses, such as influenza viruses, human liver viruses and the conserved regions between viruses. Both textual and graphical web interfaces are provided to facilitate the data retrieves in the ViTa database. The database is now freely available at http://vita.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/.
Low-temperature specific heat of the degenerate supersymmetric <i>t</i>-<i>J</i> model in one dimension (1996)

We consider the one-dimensional SU(N)-invariant t-J model, which consists of electrons with N spin components on a lattice with nearest-neighbor hopping t constrained by the excluded multiple occupancy of the sites and spin-exchange J between neighboring lattice sites. The model is integrable and has been diagonalized in terms of nested Bethe ansatze at the supersymmetric point t=J. The low-T specific heat is proportional to T. The γ-coefficient is extracted from the thermodynamic Bethe-ansatz equations and is expressed in terms of the spin wave velocities and the group velocity of the charges for arbitrary N, band filling, and splitting of the levels (magnetic and crystalline fields). Our results contain the following special cases: (i) For N=2 the traditional spin-1/2 supersymmetric t-J model, (ii) for exactly one electron per site the SU(N)-Heisenberg chain, and (iii) for N=4 the two-band supersymmetric t-J model with crystalline field splitting.
Toll-like Receptor Agonists and Febrile Range Hyperthermia Synergize to Induce Heat Shock Protein 70 Expression and Extracellular Release (2012)

Heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 expression can be stimulated by febrile range temperature (FRT). Hsp70 has been shown to be elevated in serum of patients with sepsis, and when released from cells, extracellular Hsp70 exerts endotoxin-like effects through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) receptors. Circulating TLR agonists and fever both persist for the first several days of sepsis, and each can activate Hsp70 expression; however, the effect of combined exposure to FRT and TLR agonists on Hsp70 expression is unknown. We found that concurrent exposure to FRT (39.5 °C) and agonists for TLR4 (LPS), TLR2 (Pam3Cys), or TLR3 (poly(IC)) synergized to increase Hsp70 expression and extracellular release in RAW264.7 macrophages. The increase in Hsp70 expression was associated with activation of p38 and ERK MAP kinases, phosphorylation of histone H3, and increased recruitment of HSF1 to the Hsp70 promoter. Pretreatment with the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB283580 but not the ERK pathway inhibitor UO126 significantly reduced Hsp70 gene modification and Hsp70 expression in RAW cells co-exposed to LPS and FRT. In mice challenged with intratracheal LPS and then exposed to febrile range hyperthermia (core temperature, ∼39.5 °C), Hsp70 levels in lung tissue and in cell-free lung lavage were increased compared with mice exposed to either hyperthermia or LPS alone. We propose a model of how enhanced Hsp70 expression and extracellular release in patients concurrently exposed to fever and TLR agonists may contribute to the pathogenesis of sepsis.
A review of the pseudo-MOS transistor in SOI wafers: operation, parameter extraction, and applications (2000)

The pseudo-MOS transistor (/spl Psi/-MOSFET) is a surprising and useful technique for the rapid evaluation of SOI wafers, prior to any CMOS processing. We review the static and dynamic modes of operation as well as the main models and methods for electrical parameter extraction. Selected numerical simulations are presented in order to clarify the optimal conditions of operation. Finally, practical applications are exemplified which illustrate the efficiency of the /spl Psi/-MOSFET technique for in situ characterization of SOI technologies and processes.
Comparison of Molecular Typing Methods Applied to Clostridium difficile (2009)

Since the 1980s the epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has been investigated by the application of many different typing or fingerprinting methods. To study the epidemiology of CDI, a typing method with a high discriminatory power, typeability, and reproducibility is required. Molecular typing methods are generally regarded as having advantages over phenotypic methods in terms of the stability of genomic markers and providing greater levels of typeability. A growing number of molecular methods have been applied to C. difficile. For the early and rapid detection of outbreak situations, methods such as restriction enzyme analysis, arbitrary primed polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and PCR ribotyping are commonly used. For long-term epidemiology, multilocus sequence typing, multilocus variable number of tandem repeats analysis, and amplified fragment length polymorphism are of interest. Currently, the PCR-ribotyping method and the library of PCR ribotypes in Cardiff are the benchmarks to which most typing studies around the world are compared. Multilocus variable number of tandem repeats analysis is the most discriminative typing method and will contribute significantly to our understanding of the epidemiology of this important nosocomial pathogen.