gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of methods to diagnose oral dryness and salivary gland function (2012)

The evidence for the efficacy of clinical methods to assess oral dryness is sparse and it can be stated that improved standards for the reporting of diagnostic accuracy are needed in order to assure the methodological quality of studies. There is need for effective diagnostic criteria and functional tests in order to detect those individuals with oral dryness who may require oral treatment, such as alleviation of discomfort and/or prevention of diseases.
Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media (1972)

A new perturbation technique is presented for the approximate solution of problems involving slight lateral inhomogeneities, or moderate inhomogeneities of small lateral extent, in elastic media. The method, based on an integral equation formulation and Born-type expansion in the wavenumber domain, is an extension of the usual matrix methods for multilayered elastic media. It is thus particularly suitable for problems concerning inclusions in multilayered half spaces. As an example of this method calculations are made of the scattering effects produced by near-surface inclusions in simple half-space models. It is found that at low frequencies forward and backward scattering into surface waves are of comparable importance, but as the frequency of the incident waves increases the forward scattering tends to dominate.
Recent Advances in Bulk Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells (2015)

Abstract not provided.
Internet Self-Diagnosis in Hand Surgery (2014)

Prognostic, level II.
Charge Transfer across the Interface between LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub>High-Voltage Cathode Films and Solid Electrolyte Films (2015)

We have carried out a basic study on the charge transfer across the interface between LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) thin-film cathodes and different solid electrolyte coatings, namely LiNbO3, ZrO2 and Li4Ti5O12. In contact to LNMO, the spinel material Li4Ti5O12 should act as a solid electrolyte, since it exhibits a very low electronic conductivity in the fully oxidized state. The thin films were prepared by means of sol-gel chemistry and spin-coating. The electrochemical and interfacial properties were studied by combining electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and cross-sectional SEM imaging. The results show that the LNMO / LiNbO3 interface combines a low charge transfer resistance with a high stability.
Ultrasound Indoor Positioning System Based on a Low-Power Wireless Sensor Network Providing Sub-Centimeter Accuracy (2013)

This paper describes the TELIAMADE system, a new indoor positioning system based on time-of-flight (TOF) of ultrasonic signal to estimate the distance between a receiver node and a transmitter node. TELIAMADE system consists of a set of wireless nodes equipped with a radio module for communication and a module for the transmission and reception of ultrasound. The access to the ultrasonic channel is managed by applying a synchronization algorithm based on a time-division multiplexing (TDMA) scheme. The ultrasonic signal is transmitted using a carrier frequency of 40 kHz and the TOF measurement is estimated by applying a quadrature detector to the signal obtained at the A/D converter output. Low sampling frequencies of 17.78 kHz or even 12.31 kHz are possible using quadrature sampling in order to optimize memory requirements and to reduce the computational cost in signal processing. The distance is calculated from the TOF taking into account the speed of sound. An excellent accuracy in the estimation of the TOF is achieved using parabolic interpolation to detect of maximum of the signal envelope at the matched filter output. The signal phase information is also used for enhancing the TOF measurement accuracy. Experimental results show a root mean square error (rmse) less than 2 mm and a standard deviation less than 0.3 mm for pseudorange measurements in the range of distances between 2 and 6 m. The system location accuracy is also evaluated by applying multilateration. A sub-centimeter location accuracy is achieved with an average rmse of 9.6 mm.
Targeted Inhibition of the NCOA1/STAT6 Protein–Protein Interaction (2017)

The complex formation between transcription factors (TFs) and coactivator proteins is required for transcriptional activity, and thus disruption of aberrantly activated TF/coactivator interactions could be an attractive therapeutic strategy. However, modulation of such protein-protein interactions (PPIs) has proven challenging. Here we report a cell-permeable, proteolytically stable, stapled helical peptide directly targeting nuclear receptor coactivator 1 (NCOA1), a coactivator required for the transcriptional activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6). We demonstrate that this stapled peptide disrupts the NCOA1/STAT6 complex, thereby repressing STAT6-mediated transcription. Furthermore, we solved the first crystal structure of a stapled peptide in complex with NCOA1. The stapled peptide therefore represents an invaluable chemical probe for understanding the precise role of the NCOA1/STAT6 interaction and an excellent starting point for the development of a novel class of therapeutic agents.
Artificial organs (1971)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTArtificial organsTotal artificial hearts and heart-assist devicesHOWARD J. SANDERSCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1971, 49, 15, 68–76Publication Date (Print):April 12, 1971Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 12 April 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v049n015.p068https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v049n015.p068newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1971 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views6Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Anatomy Get e-Alerts
Polyfunctional Aliphatic Compounds. I. The Preparation of 3-Hydroxyglutaronitriles (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolyfunctional Aliphatic Compounds. I. The Preparation of 3-HydroxyglutaronitrilesFrancis Johnson, J. P. Panella, and A. A. CarlsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 6, 2241–2243Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01053a524https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01053a524research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views450Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multivariate pattern classification reveals autonomic and experiential representations of discrete emotions. (2013)

Defining the structural organization of emotions is a central unresolved question in affective science. In particular, the extent to which autonomic nervous system activity signifies distinct affective states remains controversial. Most prior research on this topic has used univariate statistical approaches in attempts to classify emotions from psychophysiological data. In the present study, electrodermal, cardiac, respiratory, and gastric activity, as well as self-report measures were taken from healthy subjects during the experience of fear, anger, sadness, surprise, contentment, and amusement in response to film and music clips. Information pertaining to affective states present in these response patterns was analyzed using multivariate pattern classification techniques. Overall accuracy for classifying distinct affective states was 58.0% for autonomic measures and 88.2% for self-report measures, both of which were significantly above chance. Further, examining the error distribution of classifiers revealed that the dimensions of valence and arousal selectively contributed to decoding emotional states from self-report, whereas a categorical configuration of affective space was evident in both self-report and autonomic measures. Taken together, these findings extend recent multivariate approaches to study emotion and indicate that pattern classification tools may improve upon univariate approaches to reveal the underlying structure of emotional experience and physiological expression.
Human cathepsin W, a putative cysteine protease predominantly expressed in CD8<sup>+</sup> T‐lymphocytes (1997)

A 750-bp fragment of a novel human cysteine protease has been identified from the dbEST databank. PCR cloning and DNA sequencing yielded a 1.38-kb full-length cDNA which encodes a polypeptide of 376 amino acids. The protein consists of a putative 21-residue signal peptide, a 106-residue propeptide and a 252-residue mature protein. The deduced amino acid sequence contains the highly conserved residues of the catalytic triad of papain-like cysteine proteases: cysteine, histidine, and asparagine. Furthermore, the protein sequence possesses two potential N-glycosylation sites: one in the propeptide and one in the mature protein. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of human cathepsin W with other human thiol-dependent cathepsins revealed a relatively low degree of similarity (21-31%). In contrast to cathepsins L, S, K, B, H and O, cathepsin W contains a 21-amino acid peptide insertion between the putative active site histidine and asparagine residues and an 8-amino acid C-terminal extension. This unique sequence may indicate that cathepsin W belongs in a novel subgroup of papain-like proteases distinct from that of cathepsin L- and B-like proteases. Northern blot analysis indicates a specific expression of cathepsin W in lymphatic tissues. Further analysis revealed predominant levels of expression in T-lymphocytes, and more specifically in CD8+ cells. The expression of the protease in cytotoxic T-lymphocytes may suggest a specific function in the mechanism or regulation of T-cell cytolytic activity.
Visual MPI Performance Analysis using Event Flow Graphs (2015)

Event flow graphs used in the context of performance monitoring combine the scalability and low overhead of profiling methods with lossless information recording of tracing tools. In other words, they capture statistics on the performance behavior of parallel applications while pre- serving the temporal ordering of events. Event flow graphs require significantly less storage than regular event traces and can still be used to recover the full ordered sequence of events performed by the application. In this paper we explore the usage of event flow graphs in the context of visual performance analysis. We show that graphs can be used to quickly spot performance problems, helping to better understand the behavior of an application. We demonstrate our performance analysis approach with MiniFE, a mini-application that mimics the key performance aspects of finite- element applications in High Performance Computing (HPC).
Electronic Color Separation with Laser Light Sources (1970)

Improvements in electronic color scanners appear possible by replacing current light sources with coherent radiation from lasers with much higher radiance. This allows higher speeds of operation (subject to mechanical constraints), greater enlargement capability, and the use of lower sensitivity recording films, or other media. These possibilities were verified experimentally by replacing the reading light source in an RCA color scanner by a combination of argon-ion and He-Ne lasers and the writing light source with an argon-ion laser. The light intensity of the writing light source was modulated by an electrooptic modulator driven from the signal output of the color-correction computer. When this signal was pulsed electronically, it was further possible to directly generate a screened halftone image on the scanner. This is due to the fact that a laser can be operated with a Gaussian spatial energy density distribution. When such a distribution is focused onto a high gamma film, dots are produced whose size is related uniquely to the intensity of the light pulse.
Windows on the World: An example of Augmented Virtuality (1997)

This work presents a system for creating augmented virtuality. We present a tool and methodology that can be used to create virtual worlds that are augmented by video textures taken of real world objects. These textures are images automatically extracted from images of real world scenes. The idea is to construct and update, in real time, a representation of the salient and relevant features of the real world. This idea has the advantage of constructing a virtual world that has the relevant data of the real world, but maintaining the flexibility of a virtual world. One advantage of the virtual-real world representation is that it is not dependent on physical location and can be manipulated in a way not subject to the temporal, spatial, and physical constraints found in the real world.
A Novel Self-Organizing Approach to Network Information Exploitation Based on Swarm Intelligence (2003)

We design and implement a novel information self-organization model based on Generalized Cellular Automata (GCA), to accomplish network information content self-organization employing the idea of swarm intelligence. Through constructing correspondent cell rules and the mapping of complex network environment to our GCA, reasonable distribution of network information from different information sources can be achieved on different notes according to dynamic variation of local network circumstances. Simulation experiment results show many advantages of our methodology over present approaches in terms of efficiency, adaptability, reliability, and easy hardware implementation.
Limit Analysis of Structural Concrete (1998)

Limit analysis methods have implicitly or explicitly been applied to the solution of engineering problems for a long time; surveys of the corresponding historical developments were given by Prager [123] and Chen [24]. After having been thrust into the background for many decades by the emerging theory of elasticity, limit analysis methods were put on a sound physical basis around 1950 through the development of the theory of plasticity and have recently regained the attention of engineers.
The Renaissance and Historians of Science (1960)

Twenty years have passed since the Surveys of Recent Scholarship in the Period of the Renaissance were planned for the Committee on Renaissance Studies of the American Council of Learned Societies, offprints of which were grouped in a brochure circulated under the date of 1945. Any review of progress in these fields ought to start with these useful compendia, even though several important areas were not explored at that time. Science was abundantly documented by Francis Johnson and Sanford Larkey, whose critical evaluations afforded a guide to the physical sciences and mathematics, including astronomy, geography, and cartography, as well as the principal parts of biology.
Linkage disequilibrium between four intragenic polymorphic microsatellites of the NF1 gene and its implications for genetic counselling. (1996)

Four intragenic polymorphic microsatellite markers, AAAT Alu repeat, IVS27AC28.4, ACI27.2, and IVS38GT53.0, located along a 65 kb DNA region of the NF1 gene, were used to genotype 64 Spanish families with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Linkage disequilirium between each pair of markers was evaluated. Three of these markers, AAAT Alu repeat, ACI27.2, and IVS38GT53.0, exhibit linkage disequilibrium between each other. Analysis of extended haplotypes provides further evidence of the disequilibrium within this region since only 11 haplotypes account for 52% of the total chromosomes. Because of linkage disequilibrium, the informativeness of marker combinations for genotyping of NF1 families is diminished. There was no difference in the overall distribution of alleles between affected and normal chromosomes. An at risk haplotype was not found, as expected for a disease with at least 50% of cases being sporadic.
Radiation Effects and COTS Parts in SmallSats (2013)

The direct experimental characterization of diffusion processes at nanoscale remains a challenge that could help elucidate processes in biology, medicine and technology. In this report, two experimental approaches were employed to visualize ion diffusion profiles at the orifices of nanopores (radius (ra) of 86 ± 6 nm) in array format: (1) electrochemically assisted formation of silica deposits based on surfactant ion transfer across nanointerfaces between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (nanoITIES); (2) combined atomic force - scanning electrochemical microscopy (AFM-SECM) imaging of topography and redox species diffusion through the nanopores. The nature of the diffusion zones formed around the pores is directly related to the interpore distance within the array. Nanopore arrays with different ratios of pore center-to-center separation (rc) to pore radius (ra) were fabricated by focused ion beam (FIB) milling of silicon nitride (SiN) membranes, with 100 pores in a hexagonal arrangement. The ion diffusion profiles determined by the two visualization methods indicated the formation of overlapped or independent diffusion profiles at nanopore arrays with rc/ra ratios of 21 ± 2 and 91 ± 7, respectively. In particular, the silica deposition method resulted in formation of a single deposit encompassing the complete array with closer nanopore arrangement, whereas individual silica deposits were formed around each nanopore within the more widely spaced array. The methods reveal direct experimental evidence of diffusion zones at nanopore arrays and provide practical illustration that the pore-pore separation within such arrays has a significant impact on diffusional transport as the pore size is reduced to the nanoscale. These approaches to nanoscale diffusion zone visualization open up possibilities for better understanding of molecular transport processes within miniaturized systems.
Precise and Rapid Interaction through Scaled Manipulation in Immersive Virtual Environments (2006)

A significant benefit of an immersive virtual environment is that it provides users the ability to interact with objects in a very natural, direct way; often realized by using a tracked, hand-held wand or stylus to grab and position objects. In the absence of force feedback or props, it is difficult and frustrating for users to move their arms, hands, or fingers to precise positions in 3D space, and more difficult to hold them at a constant position, or to move them in a uniform direction over time. The imprecision of user interaction in virtual environments is a fundamental problem that limits the complexity of the environment the user can interact with directly. We present PRISM (precise and rapid interaction through scaled manipulation), a novel interaction technique which acts on the user's behavior in the environment to determine whether they have precise or imprecise goals in mind. When precision is desired, PRISM dynamically adjusts the control/ display ratio which determines the relationship between physical hand movements and the motion of the controlled virtual object, making it less sensitive to the user's hand movement. In contrast to techniques like Go-Go, which scale up hand movement to allow long distance manipulation; PRISM scales the hand movement down to increase precision. We present the results of a user study which shows that PRISM significantly out-performs the more traditional direct manipulation approach.
Using combinatory categorial grammar to extract biomedical information (2001)

Extracting information from biology databases manually can be an overwhelming task. GenBank, the US National Institutes of Health database containing all publicly available DNA sequences, has more than 14 billion bases in 13 million genetic-sequence records. Medline, a literature database available through PubMed, has over 11 million journal citations. In a May 2001 search request for "cytokine" (regulatory proteins in the immune system), PubMed returned 296556 articles. Given the quantity and complexity of biomedical literature, demands for computational tools to extract specific information are increasing. The author reviews biomedical information extraction methods and presents research done by KAIST's natural language processing group on a system that shows encouraging performance using combinatory categorial grammar as a natural language grammar formalism.
Antibody Against TcdB, but Not TcdA, Prevents Development of Gastrointestinal and Systemic Clostridium difficile Disease (2012)

These results highlight the importance of TcdB in the pathogenesis of CDI and the effectiveness of TcdB-specific antibody in treating CDI. However, the results raise new questions regarding the nature of TcdA interaction with therapeutic antibodies.
Melanocyte and pigmentation (2011)

Normal skin pigmentation is a complex process that, in the epidermis as in the hair follicles, begins with the synthesis of melanin within melanosomes in the melanocytes, followed by melanosome transfer to neighboring basal and suprabasal keratinocytes. In basal cells, melanin granules are translocated to the upper pole of the nucleus, forming a melanin cap that protect DNA from UV rays. Melanin granules are eventually degraded as the keratinocyte undergoes terminal differentiation. In (...)