gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of two-photon absorption behavior in symmetrical acceptor–π–acceptor derivatives with dimesitylboryl end-groups. Evidence of new engineering routes for TPA/transparency trade-off optimization (2005)

Investigations of the non-linear optical properties of a novel series of A-pi-A quadrupoles, based on dimesitylboron end-groups, reveal the promising potential of elongated vinylboranes derivatives for combined enhanced two-photon absorption cross-section and improved transparency in the visible region. In addition, the excited state lifetime can be significantly enhanced in A-pi-A'-pi-A derivatives. This opens a new route towards optimized molecules for optical power limiting.
CNS recurrence following CD34<sup>+</sup> peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in stage 4 neuroblastoma (2005)

We report here central nervous system (CNS) recurrence in neuroblastoma (NBL) after CD34(+) peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). Fifteen stage 4 NBL patients underwent CD34(+) transplantation with myeloablative chemotherapy consisting of carboplatin, etoposide, and melphalan. There were three primary site recurrences and five distant metastases including four brain metastases (two isolated CNS recurrences) at 4-7 months after CD34(+) transplantation. Three of four patients died of CNS progressive disease at 2, 8, and 9 months after recurrence and the remaining single patient was lost to follow-up. CNS recurrence in NBL is fatal and requires identification of risk factors and more effective treatment strategies.
The laser (1963)

This article is intended as a review of the field of optical masers, or lasers as they have come to be known, summarizing both theory and practice. It starts with a theoretical section in which black body radiation theory is used to introduce the concepts of spontaneous and induced transitions. This is followed by the derivation of the Schawlow-Townes instability (start-oscillation) condition and a description of the different laser media. Other topics treated include: optical pumping, experimental techniques, output power and noise. The sections on optical resonators and communications which conclude the paper have been slightly emphasized since, perhaps to a larger extent than the other topics covered in this paper, they coincide with traditional areas of interest of microwave and communications engineers.
PP.41.18 (2015)

Objective: Growing evidence suggest that uric acid is a relevant risk factor for arteriolosclerosis and thus it might be associated with cerebral small vessel disease. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of serum uric acid levels to conditions related to cerebral small vessel disease. Design and method: One hundred elderly patients (48 males and 52 females, mean age ± SD of 82.9 ± 6.33 years) referring to our Geriatric Unit for whom CT scans were available were recruited. Clinical and laboratory data were collected, together with CT images. Results: Uric acid levels resulted positively related to severity of leukoaraiosis on CT images, evaluated with the Blennow scale (p = 0.017). Moreover, uric acid was found to be positively associated with the presence (p = 0.0001), number (p = 0.023), size (p = <0.001) and location of lacunar infarcts in basal ganglia (p = 0.003), deep white matter (p = 0.0175) and pons (p = 0.0228). A significant association was also found between uric acid and silent lacunar infarcts (p = 0.0002). Stepwise multiple regression analysis confirmed the association with the presence (p = 0.0001), number (p = 0.0461), size (p = <0.001) and location of lacunar infarcts in basal ganglia (p = 0.003) and pons (p = 0.02), while the association with severity of leukoaraiosis on CT images became marginally non significant (p = 0.09). In subjects with uric acid <356.88 umol/L) only a trend toward a negative association with number (p = 0.16) and size (p = 0.20) of lacunar infarcts became evident. Conclusions: Our study points to a positive association between increased circulating levels of uric acid and lacunar infarcts which is independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. These data suggest that serum uric acid could play an influential role on the pathophysiology of cerebral small vessel disease.
Charge Transport Dilemma of Solution-Processed Nanomaterials (2013)

A large variety of nanoparticles were synthesized during the last 25 years and are used now as “building blocks” for a variety of materials. Bottom-up solution processing of devices emerged as a promising direction of their technological applications because this method can (a) utilize intrinsic ability of nanocolloids to self-organize, (b) reduce high energy and equipment cost of device manufacturing, and (c) impart new functionalities to electronic devices. However the technological impact of solution processable semiconductor materials—although potentially considerable—has been so far limited because of the long-standing dilemma between the need for effective colloidal stabilization of nanoparticles and effective charge transport. Surfactants and other organic materials being used to synthesize and/or disperse nanocolloids introduce a barrier for charge transport between the particles. Although these barriers do make it impossible to use them in electronic devices, they certainly make it more difficult. In this review, we look into the latest progress in the solution processable devices and methods to produce electrically conductive thin films from nanoscale dispersions. We are specifically interested in the understanding of the prospects of self-assembly to facilitate charge transport and nanoscale connectivity during solution processing. The updated theoretical description of charge transport in nanoparticle solids and similar nanomaterials is also given. It includes consideration of the key mechanisms such as tunneling and cotunneling, as well as key electrical parameters characterizing transport of electrons through the surfactant-related barriers, such as coupling energy and Coulombic charging energy. Manifestations of these mechanisms in different electronic materials made from nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, and nanosheets and their relative advantages and disadvantages are also discussed. We conclude the topic with a brief description of new opportunities and approaches to improve charge transport in solution processed materials from nanoscale dispersions.
[123I]Iodometomidate for Molecular Imaging of Adrenocortical Cytochrome P450 Family 11B Enzymes (2008)

We have successfully completed the development of an in vivo detection system of adrenal Cyp11B enzymes by [(123)I]IMTO scintigraphy in both experimental animals and humans. Our findings suggest that [(123)I]IMTO is a highly specific radiotracer for imaging of adrenocortical tissue. Due to the general availability of SPECT technology, we anticipate that [(123)I]IMTO scintigraphy may become a widely used tool to characterize adrenal lesions.
A Review on Synthesis of Mullite Ceramics from Industrial Wastes (2019)

Some industrial wastes are shown to be useful in the production of mullite ceramics. These industrial wastes are rich in certain metal oxides such as silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3). This gives wastes the potential to be used as a starting material source for mullite ceramics preparation. The purpose of this review paper is to compile and review various mullite ceramics preparation methods that utilized a variety of industrial wastes as starting materials. This review also describes the sintering temperatures and chemical additives used in the preparation and its effects. A comparison of both mechanical strength and thermal expansion of the reported mullite ceramics prepared from various industrial wastes were also addressed in this work.
The Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage (2001)

This investigation evaluated the effects of oral creatine (Cr) supplementation on markers of exercise-induced muscle damage following high-force eccentric exercise in subjects randomly administered Cr or placebo (P) in a double-blind fashion. When injected, exogenous phosphocreatine has been shown to stabilize the muscle membrane in cardiac tissue and enhance recovery of strength and power following injury. Twenty-three men aged 18-36 years ingested either 20 g of Cr or P for 5 days. Criterion measures were maximal isometric force of the elbow flexors (MIF), range of motion (ROM) about the elbow, mid and distal arm circumference (CIR; to assess swelling), soreness with movement and palpation (SOR), and blood levels of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Following the supplementation period, subjects performed 50 maximal eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors. Criterion measures were assessed pre-exercise, immediately postexercise, and for 5 days after exercise. Both groups experienced a significant loss of MIF and ROM (time effect, p < 0.05). There was a significant increase in CIR of the mid and distal biceps, SOR with movement and palpation, CK, and LDH (time effect, p < 0.05), indicating that there was significant muscle damage. However, there were no significant differences in any of the criterion measures between groups (group x time interaction term, p > 0.05). The pattern of change over the 6 days, in response to the eccentric exercise, was nearly identical between groups. These data suggest that 5 days of Cr supplementation does not reduce indirect markers of muscle damage or enhance recovery from high-force eccentric exercise.
INTRACELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF SULFONATED meso‐TETRAPHENYLPORPHINES IN A HUMAN CARCINOMA CELL LINE* (1990)

The intracellular localization of meso-tetraphenylporphines sulfonated to different degrees (TPPSn), in a human cervix carcinoma cell line (NHIK 3025), was studied by fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. After an 18 h incubation, TPPS4, TPPS2a and TPPS2o were localized in extranuclear granules. Studies of cells stained with both TPPS4, and acridine orange, which is known to fluoresce red in lysosomes, indicated that these granules were lysosomes. In addition, a fraction of the cellbound TPPS4, TPPS2a and TPPS2o seems to be associated with the plasma membrane. Fluorescence quenching studies of cells doublestained with acridine orange and TPPS4 indicated that TPPS4 is also localized in the nucleus and in the extralysosomal cytoplasm. The intracellular location of TPPS1 differed from that of the other TPPSns studied: In 6 out of 9 experiments fluorescing extranuclear granules were found. A diffuse fluorescence extending from the perinuclear area was also observed.
Selective adsorption from methanol/water mixtures by C60 fullerene nanospheres (2006)

Abstract Micro-Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the selective adsorption of methanol/water mixtures on the surface of [60] fullerene nanospheres. C60 molecules were dispersed in methanol/water mixtures with different methanol molar fractions ranging between 1 and 0.5. The Raman active pentagon pinch mode shifted significantly (±4 cm−1) as the mixture composition was changed. The shift in the Raman mode was sinusoidal in nature indicating that methanol then water is adsorbed preferentially on the fullerene surface at different mixture compositions. The observed behavior is attributed to structure forming effects of alcohol/water mixtures and the shape and size effect of fullerene surface.
Synthesis of MMP inhibitor radiotracer [<sup>11</sup>C]CGS 25966, a new potential pet tumor imaging agent (2003)

Abstract [ 11 C]CGS 25966, a novel radiolabeled matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor, has been synthesized for evaluation as new potential positron emission tomography (PET) tumor imaging agent. The precursor was labeled by [ 11 C]methyl triflate through O‐[ 11 C]methylation method at the hydroxyl position of phenol under basic conditions and isolated by HPLC purification to produce pure target compound in 15–25% radiochemical yield, based on 11 CO 2 , decay corrected to end of bombardment. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fire in My Heart (2012)

(For restless thieves and anxious liberators on the 20th of the LA riots) / Where there's smoke, there's fire, they say. / Me, an Asian dude drivin’ East down Sunset / in my beat-up Corolla. Saw the Latina maids, huddled by the Beverly Hills bus stops / Waiting to go back to East LA
Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to promote chondrocyte proliferation (2014)

Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides (ABPS) are the active components of Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae (AB), which has been extensively used in Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). Our previous study provided evidence that ABPS regulated the G1/S transition to promote chondrocyte proliferation. However, the precise mechanisms involved remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of ABPS on the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway in chondrocytes. Chondrocytes, obtained from the knee cartilage of Sprague-Dawley rats, were identified by type II collagen immunohistochemistry. ABPS upregulated the expression of Wnt-4, Frizzled-2, β-catenin and cyclin D1, and downregulated the expression of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), as shown by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis. Using immunofluorescence, we also found that ABPS induced β-catenin nuclear translocation. Importantly, the expression of β-catenin and cyclin D1 was partly inhibited by Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In addition, we found that ABPS increased the expression of type II collagen in chondrocytes. These results suggest that ABPS promote chondrocyte proliferation by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
[Comparative effectiveness of antioxidant melatonin and radioprotectors indralin and phenylephrine in local radiation injuries]. (2004)

In experiments on mice radioprotective properties of indraline, phenyleprine and melatonin were compared at topical application as an ointment at a place of local exposure of animal hind to a dose of 38.3 Gy of 60Co gamma-quanta. Factor of dose reduction was 1.27-1.32 for indraline (1-10% ointment) and 1.29 for phenyleprine (0.25% ointment). Antioxidants were low efficient at radiation skin burn. At later local radiation injuries, such as hind contracture, the efficiency of indraline was 1.33-1.5, that of phenyleprine was 1.28, and that of melatonine (2 and 5% ointment) was 1.23-1.47.
Anticonvulsant Effects of the (&ndash;) and (+)Isomers of Cannabidiol and Their Dimethylheptyl Homologs (1982)

The anticonvulsant actions of the (-) and (+)isomers of cannabidiol and dimethylheptyl-cannabidiol were studied with the maximal electroconvulsive shock model in mice. The ratio of the times for hindlimb extension and fore limb flexion was recorded as an anticonvulsant index. All the cannabinoids were anticonvulsant. They also potentiated pentobarbitone sleeping time. The (+)isomer was more active than the (-)isomer. Possible mechanisms of actions on receptors or membranes are discussed.
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (1992)

HMG CoA (β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl coenzyme A) reductase inhibitors are very effective in lowering total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The incidence of adverse effects is very low with elevated transaminase levels and myopathy being of greatest concern. Administration of these drugs in combination with colestipol has produced a reduction in coronary artery stenosis and cardiovascular events.
Separation of Heat-Generating Nuclides from High-Level Liquid Wastes through Zeolite Columns. (1994)

Abstract Heat-generating nuclides Cs and Sr were separated from simulated high-level liquid wastes (HLLW) by successive adsorption on columns of ferrierites (F) and zeolite A. Adsorbed Cs and Sr were efficiently eluted with NH4NO3 and EDTA solutions, respectively, yielding the recovery over 96%. A simulated waste solution containing 29 components was denitrated with a formic acid up to pH 7.92. The amounts of nuclides adsorbed from this denitrated solution were experimentally estimated to be 0.33 mmol Cs/g·F and 0.19 mmol Sr/g·A, respectively. KEYWORDS: separation processesheat-generating nuclidescesiumstrontiumhigh-level liquid wastesadsorptionelutioncolumnrecoveryferrieritezeolite AEDTAdenitrationformic acidpH value
A universal matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization cleavable cross‐linker for protein structure analysis (2010)

The concept of protein cross-linking in combination with mass spectrometry holds great promise to derive structural information on protein conformation and protein-protein interactions. We recently presented a dissociative amine-reactive cross-linker (NHS-BuUrBu-NHS) that is shown herein to be universally applicable to protein structure analysis under matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometric (MALDI-MS/MS) conditions, based on the examples of the peptides substance P, luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH), and the 32-kDa ligand-binding domain of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). The characteristic fragment ion patterns and constant neutral losses of the cross-linker greatly simplify the identification of different cross-linked species from complex mixtures and drastically reduce the potential of identifying false-positive cross-links. Therefore, this cross-linker holds an enormous potential for deriving structural information of proteins and protein complexes in a highly automated fashion.
Constituents of the volatile leaf oils of <i>Polyscias fruticosa</i> (L.) Harms. (1990)

Abstract A GC–MS analysis of the sesquiterpenoid volatile leaf oils of Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms. from Thailand and Fiji has shown large quantitative as well as some qualitative differences between them. About 24 constituents have been tentatively identified, β‐elemene, α‐bergamotene, germacrene‐D and ( E )‐gM‐bisabolene being present in major proportions.
Chloroplast DNA evolution and phylogenetic relationships in <i>Lycopersicon</i> (1982)

Chloroplast DNA was purified from 12 accessions that represent most of the species diversity in the genus Lycopersicon (family Solanaceae) and from 3 closely related species in the genus Solanum. Fragment patterns produced by digestion of these DNAs with 25 different restriction endonucleases were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. In all 15 DNAs, a total of only 39 restriction site mutations were detected among 484 restriction sites surveyed, representing 2,800 base pairs of sequence information. This low rate of base sequence change is paralleled by an extremely low rate of convergent change in restriction sites; only 1 of the 39 mutations appears to have occurred independently in two different lineages. Parsimony analysis of shared mutations has allowed the construction of a maternal phylogeny for the 15 accessions. This phylogeny is generally consistent with relationships based on morphology and crossability but provides more detailed resolution at several places. All accessions within Lycopersicon form a coherent group, with two of the three species of Solanum as outside reference points. Chloroplast DNA analysis places S. pennellii firmly within Lycopersicon, confirming recent studies that have removed it from Solanum. Red-orange fruit color is shown to be a monophyletic trait in three species of Lycopersicon, including the cultivated tomato, L. esculentum. Analysis of six accessions within L. peruvianum reveals a limited amount of intraspecific polymorphism which, however, encompasses all the variation observed in L. chilense and L. chmielewskii. It is suggested that these latter two accessions be relegated to positions within the L. peruvianum complex.
Synthesis of N,N′‐Bis(2‐thiazolinyl)‐, N,N′‐Bis(2‐thiazolyl)‐, and N,N′‐Bis(2‐pyrimidinyl)‐benzene Dicarboxamides. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Polymersomes from Dual Responsive Block Copolymers: Drug Encapsulation by Heating and Acid-Triggered Release (2013)

A series of well-defined thermoresponsive diblock copolymers (PEO45-b-PtNEAn, n=22, 44, 63, 91, 172) were prepared by the atom transfer radical polymerization of trans-N-(2-ethoxy-1,3-dioxan-5-yl) acrylamide (tNEA) using a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO45) macroinitiator. All copolymers are water-soluble at low temperature, but upon quickly heating to 37 °C, laser light scattering (LLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterizations indicate that these copolymers self-assemble into aggregates with different morphologies depending on the chain length of PtNEA and the polymer concentration; the morphologies gradually evolved from spherical solid nanoparticles to a polymersome as the degree of polymerization ("n") of PtNEA block increased from 22 to 172, with the formation of clusters with rod-like structure at the intermediate PtNEA length. Both the spherical nanoparticle and the polymersome are stable at physiological pH but susceptible to the mildly acidic medium. Acid-triggered hydrolysis behaviors of the aggregates were investigated by LLS, Nile red fluorescence, TEM, and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The results revealed that the spherical nanoparticles formed from PEO45-b-PtNEA44 dissociated faster than the polymersomes of PEO45-b-PtNEA172, and both aggregates showed an enhanced hydrolysis under acidic conditions. Both the spherical nanoparticle and polymersome are able to efficiently load the hydrophobic doxorubicin (DOX), and water-soluble fluorescein isothiocyanate-lysozyme (FITC-Lys) can be conveniently encapsulated into the polymersome without using any organic solvent. Moreover, FITC-Lys and DOX could be coloaded in the polymersome. The drugs loaded either in the polymersome or in the spherical nanoparticle could be released by acid triggering. Finally, the DOX-loaded assemblies display concentration-dependent cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells, while the copolymers themselves are nontoxic.
Structure, chromosomal localization, and expression of mouse reg genes, reg I and reg II. A novel type of reg gene, reg II, exists in the mouse genome (1993)

We previously identified a gene, reg (i.e. regenerating gene), in the screening of a regenerating islet-derived cDNA library of rat (Terazono, K., Yamamoto, H., Takasawa, S., Shiga, K., Yonemura, Y., Tochino, Y., and Okamoto, H. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 2111-2114), and isolated a human reg cDNA and gene (Watanabe, T., Yonekura, H., Terazono, K., Yamamoto, H., and Okamoto, H. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 7432-7439); the rat and human cDNAs encode 165- and 166-amino acid proteins, respectively. Until now, it was thought that there is a single locus for Reg protein in the mammalian genome. In this study, we isolated two distinct cDNAs and genes, one of which was a mouse homologue to rat and human reg gene, the other a novel type of reg gene. We designated them reg I and reg II, respectively. The two proteins encoded by these genes share 76% amino acid sequence identity with each other. Both genes span about 3 kilobase pairs, and the genomic organization of six exons and five introns is conserved between them. Chromosomal mapping studies indicate that the reg I gene is localized on mouse chromosome 12, whereas the reg II gene is localized on chromosome 3. By Northern blot analysis, both reg I and reg II mRNAs are detected in the normal pancreas and hyperplastic islets of aurothioglucose-treated mice, but not in the normal islets. It is remarkable that in the gallbladder reg I is expressed, but reg II is not.
Interaction of nuclei and globulin from lupus erythematosis serum demonstrated with fluorescent antibody. (1958)

Summary Using the fluorescent antibody technique a globulin component with a marked affinity for nuclei has been demonstrated in serum of patients with disseminated lupus erythematosis. It has been shown that the factor reacts with nuclei of most tissues of a wide range of vertebrate species. Information on the occurrence of the factor in 100 human sera is reported.