gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zero-voltage switching flyback-boost converter with voltage-doubler rectifier for high step-up applications (2010)

A zero-voltage switching (ZVS) flyback-boost (FB) converter with a voltage-doubler rectifier (VDR) has been proposed. By combining the common part between a flyback converter and a boost converter as a parallel-input/series-output (PISO) configuration, this proposed circuit can increase a step-up ratio and clamp the surge voltage of switches. The secondary VDR provides a further extended step-up ratio as well as its voltage stress to be clamped. An auxiliary switch instead of a boost diode enables all switches to be turned on under ZVS conditions. The zero-current turn-off of the secondary VDR alleviates its reverse-recovery losses. The operation principles, the theoretical analysis, and the design consideration are investigated. The experimental results from a 250W and 42V-to-400V prototype are shown to verify the proposed scheme.
p33, an endogenous target protein for arginine‐specific ADP‐ribosyltransferase in chicken polymorphonuclear leukocytes, is highly homologous to <i>mim‐1</i> protein (<i>myb</i>‐induced myeloid protein‐1) (1992)

We have determined the partial amino acid sequence of p33, an endogenous substrate protein for arginine-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase in chicken polymorphonuclear leukocytes (heterophils), and found that the sequence was completely identical with the regions of amino acid sequences deduced from mim-1 (named for myb-induced myeloid protein-1, which is expressed in chicken promyelocytes) cDNA [(1989) Cell, 59, 1115-1125], except for one amino acid difference (Tyr297-->Ile). These results together with data on cellular and subcellular distributions of p33 in heterophils suggest that mim-1 may encode the precursor protein of p33.
In Vitro Enhanced Sensitivity to Cisplatin in D67Y BRCA1 RING Domain Protein (2011)

BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor protein involved in maintaining genomic integrity through multiple functions in DNA damage repair, transcriptional regulation, cell cycle checkpoint, and protein ubiquitination. The BRCA1-BARD1 RING complex has an E3 ubiquitin ligase function that plays essential roles in response to DNA damage repair. BRCA1-associated cancers have been shown to confer a hypersensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. Here, we have studied the functional consequence of the in vitro E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and cisplatin sensitivity of the missense mutation D67Y BRCA1 RING domain. The D67Y BRCA1 RING domain protein exhibited the reduced ubiquitination function, and was more susceptible to the drug than the D67E or wild-type BRCA1 RING domain protein. This evidence emphasized the potential of using the BRCA1 dysfunction as an important determinant of chemotherapy responses in breast cancer.
High voltage LDMOS transistors in sub-micron SOI films (2002)

Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) LDMOS transistors with a linearly graded doping profile in the drift region have been found to exhibit both low on-resistance and high breakdown voltage. High-side operation is a problem for devices built in very thin SOI layers due to pinch-off of the drift region. This is less of a problem for devices built in thicker SOI layers. Devices built in thicker SOI films also are more tolerant of manufacturing variations and offer more predictable behaviour. Non-uniform self-heating within the drift region has been measured for the first time. A breakdown voltage of 1020 V is reported for a LDMOS transistor made in a 0.15 /spl mu/m SOI layer.
SDVM^R: A Scalable Firmware for FPGA-Based Multi-core Systems-on-Chip (2008)

FPGAs offering dynamic reconfiguration make new approaches for parallel computing possible: Changing the number and type of processing elements at runtime offers an important step to adaptive behaviour of systems-on-chip. In this paper the implementation of a virtualization layer between applications and FPGA-hardware is described. This virtualization allows a transparent runtime-reconfiguration of the underlying hardware for adaption to changing system environments. The application does not see the underlying, even heterogeneous hardware. Many of the requirements for such a virtualization layer are met by the SDVM, the scalable dataflow-driven virtual machine. This paper describes some aspects of the reimplementation and adaptation of the SDVM to modern platform FPGAs. It describes different possible approaches to use the available resources and discusses several technical questions regarding the implementation.
Cross‐signaling among phosphinositide‐3 kinase, mitogen‐activated protein kinase and sonic hedgehog pathways exists in esophageal cancer (2010)

The hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is essential for the development of tissues and organs. Hyperactive Hh signaling has been implicated in many gastric cancers, including esophageal cancer. However, the interaction between the Hh pathway and other potential signaling pathways in primary esophageal tumorigenesis has not been well investigated. In our study, we found that esophageal cancer cells expressed Hh signaling molecules and that the hyperexpression of Hh target genes was related to protein kinase B (AKT) activation but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation. We analyzed the relationship between Gli1 or p-AKT expression and clinicopathological features in esophageal carcinoma samples and found that Gli1 expression was associated with lymph vessel invasion (p = 0.016), blood vessel invasion (p = 0.006) and a poor prognosis (p = 0.003), and p-AKT expression was associated with blood vessel invasion (p = 0.031) and a poor prognosis (p = 0.031). We also studied the relationship between Hh and phosphinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in both TE-1 and TE-10 cell lines. We found that the PI3K/AKT pathway played a critical role in Hh signaling after stimulation with epidermal growth factor, Gβγ and N-Shh. Conversely, PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling cooperated with the Shh pathway to promote esophageal cancer cell survival and proliferation. The results from esophageal cancer cells shed light on the significance of Hh signaling in esophageal tumor formation and the crosstalk of the Hh pathway with other basic signaling pathways, which is consistent with that observed in human tumor samples.
Derlin-1 Facilitates the Retro-Translocation of Cholera Toxin (2007)

Cholera toxin (CT) intoxicates cells by using its receptor-binding B subunit (CTB) to traffic from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this compartment, the catalytic A1 subunit (CTA1) is unfolded by protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and retro-translocated to the cytosol where it triggers a signaling cascade, leading to secretory diarrhea. How CT is targeted to the site of retro-translocation in the ER membrane to initiate translocation is unclear. Using a semipermeabilized-cell retro-translocation assay, we demonstrate that a dominant-negative Derlin-1-YFP fusion protein attenuates the ER-to-cytosol transport of CTA1. Derlin-1 interacts with CTB and the ER chaperone PDI as assessed by coimmunoprecipitation experiments. An in vitro membrane-binding assay showed that CTB stimulated the unfolded CTA1 chain to bind to the ER membrane. Moreover, intoxication of intact cells with CTB stabilized the degradation of a Derlin-1-dependent substrate, suggesting that CT uses the Derlin-1 pathway. These findings indicate that Derlin-1 facilitates the retro-translocation of CT. CTB may play a role in this process by targeting the holotoxin to Derlin-1, enabling the Derlin-1-bound PDI to unfold the A1 subunit and prepare it for transport.
Histone Acetyltransferases (2001)

Transcriptional regulation in eukaryotes occurs within a chromatin setting and is strongly influenced by nucleosomal barriers imposed by histone proteins. Among the well-known covalent modifications of histones, the reversible acetylation of internal lysine residues in histone amino-terminal domains has long been positively linked to transcriptional activation. Recent biochemical and genetic studies have identified several large, multisubunit enzyme complexes responsible for bringing about the targeted acetylation of histones and other factors. This review discusses our current understanding of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) or acetyltransferases (ATs): their discovery, substrate specificity, catalytic mechanism, regulation, and functional links to transcription, as well as to other chromatin-modifying activities. Recent studies underscore unexpected connections to both cellular regulatory processes underlying normal development and differentiation, as well as abnormal processes that lead to oncogenesis. Although the functions of HATs and the mechanisms by which they are regulated are only beginning to be understood, these fundamental processes are likely to have far-reaching implications for human biology and disease.
Quantitation of the Main Constituents of Some Authentic Sesame Seed Oils of Different Origin (2006)

This paper describes the composition of sesame seed oils obtained from seeds collected from five countries that are major suppliers of traded sesame seed oil. Oils were extracted from the seeds using small-scale industry pressing equipment and analyzed using standard methods for fatty acids, fatty acids in the triglyceride 2-position, tocopherols and tocotrienols, triglycerides, sterols, steradienes, and iodine value. Values for the composition of the sterols, triglycerides, fatty acids, iodine value, and tocopherol composition were generally in good agreement with the results published elsewhere. All of the oils from roasted seeds contained low levels of the sterol degradation products stigmasta-3,5-diene and campesta-3,5-diene, which were probably formed by dehydration of the parent sterols during roasting.
Na<sub>3</sub>SbS<sub>4</sub>: A Solution Processable Sodium Superionic Conductor for All‐Solid‐State Sodium‐Ion Batteries (2016)

All-solid-state sodium-ion batteries that operate at room temperature are attractive candidates for use in large-scale energy storage systems. However, materials innovation in solid electrolytes is imperative to fulfill multiple requirements, including high conductivity, functional synthesis protocols for achieving intimate ionic contact with active materials, and air stability. A new, highly conductive (1.1 mS cm(-1) at 25 °C, Ea =0.20 eV) and dry air stable sodium superionic conductor, tetragonal Na3 SbS4 , is described. Importantly, Na3 SbS4 can be prepared by scalable solution processes using methanol or water, and it exhibits high conductivities of 0.1-0.3 mS cm(-1) . The solution-processed, highly conductive solidified Na3 SbS4 electrolyte coated on an active material (NaCrO2 ) demonstrates dramatically improved electrochemical performance in all-solid-state batteries.
All-optical clock recovery for 3R optical regeneration (2002)

Scalable all-optical networks need 3R regeneration. Clock recovery is a key function. Bit-rate flexibility and ultrafast locking are important in future asynchronous Internet protocol (IP) networks. The performance of regenerators is demonstrated in loop experiments.
NO synthase 2 ( <i>NOS2</i> ) deletion promotes multiple pathologies in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (2006)

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by two primary pathological features: amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The interconnection between amyloid and tau aggregates is of intense interest, but mouse models have yet to reveal a direct interrelationship. We now show that NO may be a key factor that connects amyloid and tau pathologies. Genetic removal of NO synthase 2 in mice expressing mutated amyloid precursor protein results in pathological hyperphosphorylation of mouse tau, its redistribution to the somatodendritic compartment in cortical and hippocampal neurons, and aggregate formation. Lack of NO synthase 2 in the amyloid precursor protein Swedish mutant mouse increased insoluble beta-amyloid peptide levels, neuronal degeneration, caspase-3 activation, and tau cleavage, suggesting that NO acts at a junction point between beta-amyloid peptides, caspase activation, and tau aggregation.
An efficient method for finding a minimal feedback arc set in directed graphs (2003)

Finding a minimum cardinality set of arcs that breaks all cycles in a directed graph is important in the study of large-scale systems with feedback. This problem is viewed as finding an ordering for the vertices in a graph such that the set of arcs from higher to lower numbered vertices becomes minimum. After partitioning the graph into strongly and bi-connected components, depth-first search traversing is performed on each component. Reordering is done so that only backward arcs become negative arcs. An efficient cutting technique to reduce the negative arcs further is then described. Experimental results for a number of directed graphs are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Designed Zinc-finger Transcriptional Repressor of Phospholamban Improves Function of the Failing Heart (2012)

Selective inhibition of disease-related proteins underpins the majority of successful drug-target interactions. However, development of effective antagonists is often hampered by targets that are not druggable using conventional approaches. Here, we apply engineered zinc-finger protein transcription factors (ZFP TFs) to the endogenous phospholamban (PLN) gene, which encodes a well validated but recalcitrant drug target in heart failure. We show that potent repression of PLN expression can be achieved with specificity that approaches single-gene regulation. Moreover, ZFP-driven repression of PLN increases calcium reuptake kinetics and improves contractile function of cardiac muscle both in vitro and in an animal model of heart failure. These results support the development of the PLN repressor as therapy for heart failure, and provide evidence that delivery of engineered ZFP TFs to native organs can drive therapeutically relevant levels of gene repression in vivo. Given the adaptability of designed ZFPs for binding diverse DNA sequences and the ubiquity of potential targets (promoter proximal DNA), our findings suggest that engineered ZFP repressors represent a powerful tool for the therapeutic inhibition of disease-related genes, therefore, offering the potential for therapeutic intervention in heart failure and other poorly treated human diseases.
vCUDA: GPU-Accelerated High-Performance Computing in Virtual Machines (2011)

This paper describes vCUDA, a general-purpose graphics processing unit (GPGPU) computing solution for virtual machines (VMs). vCUDA allows applications executing within VMs to leverage hardware acceleration, which can be beneficial to the performance of a class of high-performance computing (HPC) applications. The key insights in our design include API call interception and redirection and a dedicated RPC system for VMs. With API interception and redirection, Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) applications in VMs can access a graphics hardware device and achieve high computing performance in a transparent way. In the current study, vCUDA achieved a near-native performance with the dedicated RPC system. We carried out a detailed analysis of the performance of our framework. Using a number of unmodified official examples from CUDA SDK and third-party applications in the evaluation, we observed that CUDA applications running with vCUDA exhibited a very low performance penalty in comparison with the native environment, thereby demonstrating the viability of vCUDA architecture.
A New Camera Calibration Based on Neural Network with Tunable Activation Function in Intelligent Space (2013)

In order to solve the camera calibration in intelligent space of mobile robot, a new calibration method based on neural network with tunable activation function (TAF) is presented. In the TAF model, the inner product mode is adopted in the calculation of output signal in synapse model and the S function is adopted in base function. Taking the coordinate in image coordinate system as the network input, and the coordinate in world coordinate system as the network output, the weight matrix, threshold matrix and activation function parameter are achieved firstly through the network training based on sample data, then the calibration test are carried out using the TAF network which is trained. The experiment results show that, compared with the test results of BP network, the proposed calibration method is characterized by high detection precision and quick detection speed, which verifies the validity of TAF network in camera calibration.
Vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy: A review of central mechanisms (2012)

In a previous paper, the anatomy and physiology of the vagus nerve was discussed in an attempt to explain which vagus nerve fibers and branches are affected by clinically relevant electrical stimulation. This companion paper presents some of vagus nerve stimulation's putative central nervous system mechanisms of action by summarizing known anatomical projections of vagal afferents and their effects on brain biogenic amine pathways and seizure expression.
Dynamic Decision Support in the Advanced Tactical Architecture for Combat Knowledge System (2006)

As modern military systems demand faster reactions and become more mobile, the difference between planning and execution will fade until the planning process appears to merge with the battle management process. Continuous planning systems must be fast, intuitive, and accurate. In particular, the amount of information will be overwhelming and the number of options unmanageable for many future tactical environments. The Advanced Tactical Architecture for Combat Knowledge System (ATACKS) has been designed to incorporate both visualization tools and intelligent algorithms to allow for rapid visualization and decision making in these military environments. The work presented in this paper demonstrates how an external, intelligent system, in this case a system based on the Discrete Event System Specification (DEVS) framework, was adapted and successfully integrated with ATACKS to produce dynamic decision support for battlefield visualization in a distributed environment. The DEVS decision support application was designed to provide recommendations on the feasibility of proposed courses of action enacted in ATACKS. By querying the appropriate unit models, it derives the state of the current battle. Subsequently, DEVS uses its wargaming rules to formulate a Go or No-Go decision, which is communicated back to the commander working with ATACKS.
Production of intense ion beams in a reflex triode with an external plasma source at the anode (1986)

An experimental study of the production of intense ion beams in a reflex triode with an external plasma source at the anode is reported. The ions had various ratios Z/M. When the anode plasma is produced in a preliminary charging pulse of the accelerator, the plasma density is too low for operation under charge-limited emission conditions. In this case, an ion beam is observed to be produced from the plasma formed by the direct heating of the anode material by oscillating electrons. When an anode plasma resulting from the breakdown of a dielectric insert or of the vacuum gap of a composite andode by an external voltage source is used to produce an ion beam, the reflex triode operating conditions depend on delaying the operation of the accelerator with respect to the external source. The highest efficiency (approx. =20%) in the production of an ion beam is observed at t/sub d/ = 3--6 ..mu..s. In this case, the reflex triode operates under increasing or constant impedance conditions. It was shown in the course of the experiments that the ion beam which is produced is nonuniform. There are three groups of ions: H/sup +/, C/sup n//sup +/, and Cu/sup n//sup +/.more » The energy of the heavy ions depends on the applied anode potential. The different mass components of the ion beam do not appear at the same time. The macroscopic divergence of the beam is 4--6/sup 0/ at the periphery and drops off to approx. <1/sup 0/ at the center. The microscopic divergence of the beam is 3/sup 0/. The total energy of the ion beam which is produced is less than 120 J at an average current approx. =2.8 kA.« less
Automated Ultrasound of the Breast for Diagnosis: Interobserver Agreement on Lesion Detection and Characterization (2011)

Detection of lesions larger than 1.2 cm in greatest diameter was reliable. High reliability was obtained for reporting lesion size and location. Substantial agreement was obtained for description of key feature and final assessment category.
Continuous production of fructose syrup and ethanol from hydrolysed Jerusalem artichoke juice (1991)

The results from this study showed that Jerusalem artichoke juice can be used for the production of very enriched fructose syrup by selective conversion of glucose to ethanol in a continuous process using immobilized cells ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 36859. The product contained up to 99% of the total carbohydrates as fructose compared to 76% in the feed. Using Jerusalem artichoke juice supplemented with some glucose a product was obtained with 7.5% w/v ethanol which made ethanol recovery economically favourable. It was found that some fructose was consumed in these continuous processes; the glucose/fructose conversion rate ratio was regulated by the glucose concentration in the product stream.
Comparison of Admittances by Means of a Digital Double-Sinewave Generator (1980)

A bridge for the comparison of conductances and susceptances is described one arm of which is formed by a digital double-sinewave generator and the other by the components to be compared. Some special characteristics of the generator arising from the synthesis of the sine function are investigated. Comparison measurements with a quadrature bridge have shown, that the relative uncertainty of the bridge is about 5 · 10-7 and is influenced mainly by the short-term stability of the source.
Childhood Vasculitis - An Update (2012)

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v36i1.13033Bangladesh J Child Health 2012; Vol 36 (1): 30-35
Ga&lt;inf&gt;x&lt;/inf&gt;In&lt;inf&gt;1-x&lt;/inf&gt;As&lt;inf&gt;y&lt;/inf&gt;P&lt;inf&gt;1-y&lt;/inf&gt;/InP injection laser partially loaded with first-order distributed Bragg reflector (1979)

GaInAsP/InP distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) lasers with a first-order grating were demonstrated experimentally for the first time at a wavelength of 1.3 μm. Single longitudinal mode oscillation was obtained at low temperature, and the temperature dependence of the lasing wavelength was 0.7-0.8 Å/deg. The equivalent refractive index of GaInAsP at the lasing wavelength of 1.3 μm was 3.50 at 186 K.
Automated FiO2-SpO2 control system in Neonates requiring respiratory support: a comparison of a standard to a narrow SpO2 control range (2014)

We found that a shift in the median of the set control range of an automated FiO2-SpO2 control system had a proportional effect on the median and distribution of SpO2 exposure. We found that a dramatic narrowing of the set control range had a disproportionally smaller impact. Our study points to the potential to optimize SpO2 targeting with an automated control system.
Microfluid Flow in Circular Microchannel with Electrokinetic Effect and Navier's Slip Condition (2003)

Electrokinetic transport phenomena and slippage of fluid at the surface are often considered independently for description of microchannel flow. Anomalous cases of experimental results disagreeing with theoretical prediction have frequently been reported. By combining the electrokinetic effect and Navier's slip condition, we illustrate a possible explanation and present an analytical solution for oscillating flow in a circular microchannel. The derived analytical solution is useful for more general time-dependent problems through superposition of time-harmonic solutions weighted by appropriate Fourier coefficients. Our parametric results suggest that these two surface phenomena can be important for a better understanding of microfluid flow with hydrophobic channel walls.