gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal Cells Appearing in Pancreatic Tissue Culture Are Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells With the Capacity to Improve Transplanted Islet Function   (2009)

Adherent fibroblast-like cells have been reported to appear in cultures of human endocrine or exocrine pancreatic tissue during attempts to differentiate human beta cells from pancreatic precursors. A thorough characterization of these mesenchymal cells has not yet been completed, and there are no conclusive data about their origin.We demonstrated that the human mesenchymal cells outgrowing from cultured human pancreatic endocrine or exocrine tissue are pancreatic mesenchymal stem cells (pMSC) that propagate from contaminating pMSC. The origin of pMSC is partly extrapancreatic both in humans and mice, and by using green fluorescent protein (GFP(+)) bone marrow transplantation in the mouse model, we were able to demonstrate that these cells derive from the CD45(+) component of bone marrow. The pMSC express negligible levels of islet-specific genes both in basal conditions and after serum deprivation or exogenous growth factor exposure, and might not represent optimal candidates for generation of physiologically competent beta-cells. On the other hand, when cotransplanted with a minimal pancreatic islet mass, pMSC facilitate the restoration of normoglycemia and the neovascularization of the graft. These results suggest that pMSCs could exert an indirect role of "helper" cells in tissue repair processes.
Expression of the IL-2 receptor γ chain on various populations in human peripheral blood (1994)

We have established two rat mAbs, TUGh4 and TUGh5, specific for the human gamma chain of the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R), which is known to be shared among receptors for IL-2, IL-4 and IL-7. The antibodies bound to cell lines transfected with the human gamma chain gene but not to their parental cell lines, and precipitated 65-70 and 80-90 kDa cell surface molecules from lysates of human T cells surface-labeled with Na125I and chemically cross-linked with [125I]IL-2 respectively. Flow cytometry with TUGh4 and TUGh5 detected the gamma chain in a wide variety of peripheral blood cell populations including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, CD20+ B cells, CD56+ natural killer cells, CD14+ monocytes and granulocytes, contrasting with expression of the alpha and beta chains of IL-2R.
Edge detector evaluation using empirical ROC curves (2003)

A method is demonstrated to evaluate edge detector performance using receiver operating characteristic curves. It involves matching edges to manually specified ground truth to count true positive and false positive detections. Edge detector parameter settings are trained and tested on different images, and aggregate test ROC curves presented for two sets of 10 images. The performance of eight different edge detectors is compared. The Canny and Heitger detectors provide the best performance.
Adverse Reactions to Amantadine Prophylaxis of Influenza in a Retirement Home (1991)

The findings raise concern that the prophylactic administration of amantadine to all elderly residents of nursing and retirement homes may be associated with a high incidence of unacceptable reactions, particularly among less healthy residents.
Some Quantitative Aspects of an Opponent-Colors Theory I Chromatic Responses and Spectral Saturation (1955)

Saturation discrimination is assumed to be dependent on the ratio of chromatic to achromatic components in the sensory response to a given wavelength. The usual methods of measurement do not, however, permit independent control of the chromatic and achromatic variables. On the basis of an opponent-colors theory of vision, a method is described for measuring directly and separately the spectral distributions of the chromatic components. A series of experiments is reported in which this method was used to obtain measures of the paired chromatic responses associated with the four primary spectral hues. Results are reported for two observers, 1° foveal test field, for an equal brightness spectrum (10 mL), and a neutral state of adaptation (10 mL). The measured chromatic responses, together with achromatic (luminosity) functions measured earlier for the same observers, are used to predict the form of the spectral saturation discrimination function.
ChemInform Abstract: NOVEL PASSIVATION DIELECTRICS ‐ THE BORON‐ OR PHOSPHORUS‐DOPED HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS SILICON CARBIDE FILMS (1985)

Abstract The Boron‐ or Phosphoms‐Doped Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Carbide Films.
Probenecid pharmacokinetics in cystic fibrosis. (1991)

Probenecid pharmacokinetics were studied in 5 cystic fibrosis (CF) subjects and 5 control subjects at oral dosages of 5, 15, and 30 mg/kg. Serum and urine samples were collected for 8 h after administration and assayed by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by model-independent methods. All parameters were compared by 2-tailed analysis of variance with two major groupings: patient and dose. Both CF subjects and controls demonstrated dose-dependent kinetics, i.e., decreased elimination constant and decreased total body clearance with increasing dosage. The volume of distribution and time to peak were the only parameters that were not significantly dose dependent. At all dosages studied, we found no significant difference in total body clearance by CF subjects. Urinary recovery in an 8-hour period was not significantly different between CF subjects and controls nor was the percentage of dose recovered in the urine at each dosage level. Time to peak concentration varied widely between 0.5 and 4 h in both CF subjects and controls. We conclude, that CF patients have normal probenecid clearance, and that the standard dose for a CF patient is sufficient to attain a serum area under the curve equivalent to that of controls.
Introduction of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> into a Hospital via Vegetables (1972)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from tomatoes, radishes, celery, carrots, endive, cabbage, cucumbers, onions, and lettuce obtained from the kitchen of a general hospital, with tomatoes yielding both highest frequencies of isolation and highest counts. Presence of P. aeruginosa on the hands of kitchen personnel and cutting boards and knives which they used suggests acquisition of the organism through contact with these vegetables. It is estimated that a patient consuming an average portion of tomato salad might ingest as many as 5 x 10(3) colony-forming units of P. aeruginosa. Pyocine types of P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens were frequently identical to those recovered from vegetables, thus implicating tomatoes and other vegetables as an important source and vehicle by which P. aeruginosa colonizes the intestinal tract of patients.
Eine Scheinwelt wird geschrieben: Das Modell-Porträt (1999)

Im ersten Teil dieses Kapitels sollen die Frauenzeitschriften der DDR charakterisiert werden, um den Rahmen abzustecken, innerhalb dessen die unter II.2. untersuchten Frauenporträts erschienen. Neben technischen und thematischen Einzelheiten ist ein wichtiger Punkt dabei die Frage nach eventuellen Besonderheiten des Frauenbilds in diesen Zeitschriften, inwiefern es also etwa von den tradierten Weiblichkeitsklischees abweicht. Auf diese Frage soll hier anhand von Fotos aus der Für Dich eine erste Antwort gegeben werden. Im zweiten Teil wird dann auf der Ebene von Inhalt und Sprache der Frauenporträts in diesen Zeitschriften, die als eine Art Prüffeld für die Ausbildung bzw. Reproduktion von Weiblichkeitsmustern insgesamt genommen werden, der Aufbau einer starren, kaum Spielraum für Abweichungen lassenden Scheinwelt in seinen Einzelheiten durchbuchstabiert, einer Scheinwelt, in der den Frauen eine eng definierte Rolle zugestanden wurde und die vorgestellte Art von Weiblichkeit zur Realität deklariert oder, unter Einbeziehung des erzieherischen Aspekts aller DDR-Öffentlichkeitsarbeit, als Realität suggeriert wurde. Ziel ist dabei nicht die wenig überraschende Erkenntnis, daß die Realität auf bestimmte Aspekte hin getrimmt wurde, sondern die Frage, wie diese irreale Welt sprachlich und inhaltlich zustandekam und welche Raster der Wirklichkeitsverarbeitung (und teilweise -ausblendung) dabei wirksam waren.
Design and fabrication of a GaAs monolithic operational amplifier (1988)

The design and fabrication of the GaAs monolithic operational amplifier are described. The DC gain and frequency characteristics are discussed in detail using an equivalent circuit. The experimentally fabricated chip exhibited a unity-gain frequency of 150 MHz, an open-loop gain of 48 dB, and a common-mode rejection ratio of 63 dB. The amplifier has wide applications in high-speed D/A (digital-to-analog) converter circuits and switched-capacitor filters for video signals.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A backoff model for bootstrapping resources for non-English languages (2005)

The lack of annotated data is an obstacle to the development of many natural language processing applications; the problem is especially severe when the data is non-English. Previous studies suggested the possibility of acquiring resources for non-English languages by bootstrapping from high quality English NLP tools and parallel corpora; however, the success of these approaches seems limited for dissimilar language pairs. In this paper, we propose a novel approach of combining a bootstrapped resource with a small amount of manually annotated data. We compare the proposed approach with other bootstrapping methods in the context of training a Chinese Part-of-Speech tagger. Experimental results show that our proposed approach achieves a significant improvement over EM and self-training and systems that are only trained on manual annotations.
Al 및 Mg 합금의 제조법에 따른 내부마찰 변화 (2000)

Mg alloys(AZ91) were manufactured by sand-casting and gravity-casting method, and Al alloys(ADC12) by die-casting for the application of automotive engine parts. Internal friction of each alloy was measured using the sonic resonance system by free decay method as a function of frequency and temperature. To compare with the measured internal friction value of Mg(AZ91), Al(ADC12) alloys produced in this study, we obtained die cast Mg alloys(AZ91) manufactured by Toyota, Daihatsu and GM, and Al alloys(ADC10) by Toyota. For Mg alloys, specimens produced by die casting showed higher value in internal friction than ones by sand-casting and gravity-casting, mainly due to the difference in grain size. Mg alloys produced by die-casting showed higher internal friction than Al alloys produced by the same method. Internal friction values measured at 393K for Mg alloys(AZ91) increased with increasing frequency.
Temperature dependence of copolymerization parameters in ethene/1‐octene copolymerization using homogeneous rac‐Me2Si(2‐MeBenz[e]Ind)2ZrCl2/MAO catalyst (1997)

Ethene was copolymerized with 1-octene using homogeneous MAO-activated rac-Me2Si(2-MeBenz[e]Ind)2ZrCl2 at constant ethene concentration with temperature varying between 0 and 60°C to determine a temperature dependence of copolymerization parameters. At constant 1-octene and ethene concentration (constant ethene/1-octene feed molar ratio) 1-octene incorporation decreased with increasing temperature. Furthermore, when ethene/1-octene molar ratio was varied by varying the temperature keeping 1-octene concentration and ethene pressure constant, increasing temperature accounted for lower molecular masses without affecting 1-octene incorporation. An explanation for the observed temperature dependence of the copolymerization parameters is presented, considering the solution-enthalpy of the gaseous ethene in the solvent. In all cases amorphous poly(ethene-co-1-octene) with 1-octene content varying between 20 and 40 mol % was obtained. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Inosine Pranobex — Is a Single Positive Trial Enough? (1990)

Recognition of the myriad immunologic defects associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has stimulated the development of novel approaches to its treatment. To date, the most effective treatments have been antiviral agents directed against HIV itself, such as zidovudine (formerly AZT, or azidothymidine). However, active efforts continue in the search for agents to restore or improve the defective immune systems of persons infected with HIV. Although the distinction between immunomodulatory and antiretroviral therapy is not always clear, the possibility of a combined approach is conceptually exciting. The clinical testing of potential immunomodulators increases the complexity of drug development by . . .
Influence of O Side Chains on the Attachment of the Felix O-1 Bacteriophage to Salmonella Bacteria (1969)

The adsorption rate constant (ARC) of the Felix O-1 (FO) bacteriophage to sensitive Salmonella strains was used to determine the effect of variations in surface antigens on phage attachment. The N-acetylglucosamine of the common-core polysaccharide of the Salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was found to be an essential part of the receptor for the FO phage in conformation with earlier reports. It was found that (i) the ARC was low for strains having O side chains containing two or three non core monosaccharides, (ii) the ARC varied when the O side chain contained no, or only one, noncore monosaccharide, (iii) the ARC was high when the O side chain contained only one repeating unit, and (iv) the ARC was high to mutants of chemotype Ra in which the N-acetylglucosamine was the terminal sugar of the LPS. Since a good correlation was found between the ARC of the FO phage and the phage-inactivating capacity of phenol water-extracted LPS, the results suggest that only the structure and composition of the LPS determines the adsorption rate of the FO phage. The phage-inactivating capacity of LPS from the Ra mutants increased in parallel with higher glucosamine contents in the core polysaccharide. In smooth strains having long and numerous O side chains, the access of the FO phage to its receptor is probably blocked by the presence of the side chains, whereas short and numerous side chains or T1 side chains do not interfere with the FO attachment.
From weak to strong, dead or alive? an analysis of some mutation testing issues (2003)

The authors argue that strong mutation testing and weak mutation testing are in fact extreme ends of a spectrum of mutation approaches. The term firm mutation is introduced to represent the middle ground in this spectrum. The authors also argue, by means of a number of small examples, that there is a potential problem concerning the criterion for deciding whether a mutant is dead or live. A variety of solutions are suggested. Practical considerations for a firm-mutation testing system, with greater user control over the nature of result comparison, are discussed. Such a system is currently under development as part of an interpretive development environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Proof-of-Concept Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Non-racemic Amisulpride (SEP-4199) for the Treatment of Bipolar I Depression (2021)

Study results provide preliminary proof of concept, needing confirmation in subsequent randomized trials, for the efficacy of non-racemic amisulpride in bipolar depression.
Pro ASP.NET 4 CMS (2010)

To be a successful ASP.NET 4 developer, you need to know how to apply the vast array of new functionality available in the latest release of the .NET 4 Framework and Visual Studio 2010. This book will
Direct numerical simulation of turbulent flow over a modeled riblet covered surface (1995)

An immersed boundary technique is used to model a riblet covered surface on one wall of a channel bounding fully developed turbulent flow. The conjecture that the beneficial drag reduction effect of riblets is a result of the damping of cross-flow velocity fluctuations is then examined. This possibility has been discussed by others but is unverified. The damping effect is explicitly modelled by applying a cross-flow damping force field in elongated streamwise zones with a height and spacing corresponding to the riblet crests. The same trends are observed in the turbulence profiles above both riblet and damped surfaces, thus supporting cross-flow damping as a beneficial mechanism. It is found in the examples presented that the effect of the riblets on the mean flow field quantities (mean velocity profile, velocity fluctuations, Reynolds shear stress, and low–speed sreak spacing) is small. The riblests cause a relatively small drag reduction of about 4%, a figure that is in rough agreement with experiments and other computations. The simulations also suggest a mechanism for the observed displacement of the turbulence quantities away from the wall. The immersed boundary technique used to model the riblets consists of creating an externally imposed spatially localized body force which opposes the flow velocity and creates a riblet-like surface. For unstead viscous flow the calculation of the force is done with a feedback scheme in which the velocity is used to iteratively determine the desired value. In particular, the surface body force is determined by the relation f ( x s , t ) = α ∫ t 0 U ( x s , t ′)d t ′ + β U ( x s , t ) for surface points x s , velocity U time t and negative constants α and β. All simulations are done with a spectral code in a single computational domain without any mapping of the mesh. The combination of the immersed boundary and spectral techniques can potentially be used to solve other problems having complex geometry and flow physics.
Comparison of Naphcon-A and its components (naphazoline and pheniramine) in a provocative model of allergic conjunctivitis (1994)

A double-masked, randomized, parallel group, placebo-controlled study demonstrated the efficacy of Naphcon-A (naphazoline HCl 0.025% and pheniramine maleate 0.3%). Seventy-two patients with a documented positive skin test or radioallergosorbent test were recruited. Three groups of 24 patients each received 1 drop of Naphcon-A instilled in one eye, and 1 drop of either naphazoline, pheniramine, or placebo in the other eye. After the instillation of test medication, a titrated dose of ragweed antigen was administered bilaterally, and ocular signs and symptoms were evaluated 10, 30, and 120 minutes later. All patients (excluding 4 who had persistent symptoms attributable to ragweed) were rechallenged with ragweed antigen at 120 minutes to assess the duration of action of the test medications. Naphcon-A was significantly more effective than placebo, naphazoline, and pheniramine in reducing redness. Naphcon-A and pheniramine were equally effective in relieving itching.
A method for the automatic indexing of colour images for effective image retrieval (1997)

Abstract The authors propose a new colour-based indexing method for image databases. This method, integrating different approaches for describing colour information, can be more satisfactory than standard techniques in fields such as textiles, ceramics, and paintings, when the user would like to retrieve from the database those images that actually resemble the query image selected in their colour distribution characteristics. Experimental trials on a database of complex antique textile images are reported and compared with human perceptual judgments, using an innovative procedure for estimating retrieval effectiveness.
Systems testing and statistical test data coverage (2002)

Coverage is often used to determine when unit modules have been sufficiently tested. It is difficult to apply the same approach to whole systems. An additional problem is that coverage has no obvious reliability interpretation. A form of coverage called statistical coverage is described that solves some of the problems of systems level coverage and which also has a reliability interpretation. Statistical coverage is based on ideas from statistical testing. Statistical testing is reviewed and new results are introduced that are needed for statistical coverage, and which can also be applied to statistical testing.
Visible Feature Return at Object Resolution (1985)

One scan-line sweep across a scene detects and reconstructs the visible portions of all polygons for fast rendering on high-resolution devices.
The effect of copper and coppero-phenanthroline complex on cattle erythrocytes. (1983)

The effect of CuSO4 and copper·o-phenanthroline complex (CuP) on cattle erythrocytes was investigated in vitro. When treated with CuSO4, depletion of intracellular GSH, increase of methemoglobin formation and marked echinocytic changes of the erythrocytes were observed. These effects of CuSO4 were prevented by the addition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the incubation medium. On the other hand, the addition of o-phenanthroline accelerated the toxic effects of CuSO4 on the erythrocytes resulting in the GSH depletion, methemoglobin formation, echinocytic transformation and cross-linking of membrane proteins. These CuP-induced changes were not inhibited by BSA. Echinocytic transformation and the cross-linking of membrane proteins in CuP-treated cells were almost completely inhibited by the prior treatment of N-ethylmaleimide.
The impact of vegetation control on the establishment of pine at four sites in the summer rainfall region of South Africa: scientific paper (2001)

Four trials designed to study the impact of intensive, selective and commercial vegetation control (operational) practices on pine establishment were implemented across an altitudinal and climatic range of sites in the summer rainfall region of South Africa. The trial sites incorporated one high altitude (1650 m a.s.l.) cool temperate site, two mid-altitude (1000 m a.s.l.) warm temperate sites and a low altitude (60 m a.s.l.) sub-tropical site. Treatments implemented at each trial included a weedy and a weedfree control, operational weed control, selective control of herbaceous or woody vegetation types as well as a ringweeding treatment at three sites. The results indicate that the abundance and type of vegetation at a site varies as a function of the local physiographic and environmental conditions as well as historical land-use. At the high altitude site the competitive vegetation was less abundant than at the mid-low altitude sites where vigorous woody vegetation dominated. Due to the differential growth of vegetation across the sites, tree growth responses to intensive and selective vegetation control were site dependent. There were no significant tree growth responses to vegetation management at the high altitude site. Relative to the weedfree control, tree growth suppression was highest on the weedy and woody treatment plots at the warmer, mid-low altitude sites. No significant suppression of tree growth occurred where the vegetation was kept away from the trees, on the ring-weeded and operational treatment plots. Herbaceous vegetation caused significant tree growth suppression only where climatic conditions were conducive to extended seasonal growth. 
Southern African Forestry Journal No.192 2001: 31-40
Purification of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor and demonstration of its tyrosine kinase activity. (1987)

Colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) regulates the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of mononuclear phagocytes. The CSF-1 receptor was purified from cell membranes of the J774.2 mouse macrophage cell line by solubilization with Triton X-100, CSF-1 affinity chromatography, and gel filtration. The purified receptor is a protein or glycoprotein of 165 kDa comprising a single polypeptide chain that is not covalently associated, either as a homopolymer, or with any other protein. CSF-1 stimulated autophosphorylation of the purified receptor in tyrosine residues. Casein but not histone was shown to act as a substrate for the tyrosine protein kinase activity of purified receptor.