gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural Basis of Multivalent Binding to Wheat Germ Agglutinin (2010)

The inhibition of carbohydrate-protein interactions by tailored multivalent ligands is a powerful strategy for the treatment of many human diseases. Crucial for the success of this approach is an understanding of the molecular mechanisms as to how a binding enhancement of a multivalent ligand is achieved. We have synthesized a series of multivalent N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) derivatives and studied their interaction with the plant lectin wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) by an enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA) and X-ray crystallography. The solution conformation of one ligand was determined by NMR spectroscopy. Employing a GlcNAc carbamate motif with alpha-configuration and by systematic variation of the spacer length, we were able to identify divalent ligands with unprecedented high WGA binding potency. The best divalent ligand has an IC(50) value of 9.8 microM (ELLA) corresponding to a relative potency of 2350 (1170 on a valency-corrected basis, i.e., per mol sugar contained) compared to free GlcNAc. X-ray crystallography of the complex of WGA and the second best, closely related divalent ligand explains this activity. Four divalent molecules simultaneously bind to WGA with each ligand bridging adjacent binding sites. This shows for the first time that all eight sugar binding sites of the WGA dimer are simultaneously functional. We also report a tetravalent neoglycopeptide with an IC(50) value of 0.9 microM being 25,500 times higher than that of GlcNAc (6400 times per contained sugar) and the X-ray structure analysis of its complex with glutaraldehyde-cross-linked WGA. Comparison of the crystal structure and the solution NMR structure of the neoglycopeptide as well as results from the ELLA suggest that the conformation of the glycopeptide in solution is already preorganized in a way supporting multivalent binding to the protein. Our findings show that bridging adjacent protein binding sites by multivalent ligands is a valid strategy to find high-affinity protein ligands and that even subtle changes of the linker structure can have a significant impact on the binding affinity.
Biodistribution characteristics of mannosylated and fucosylated O/W emulsions in mice (2005)

Cell-specific drug delivery is one of the most promising strategies for improving therapeutic efficiency and minimizing systemic toxicity. Carrier systems devoted to receptor-mediated targeting need to be developed. In the case of liver-non-parenchymal cell-specific targeting systems, glycosylated emulsions have been developed as carriers for lipophilic drugs and/or peptides. This present study demonstrates the in vivo disposition behaviour and pharmacokinetic characteristics of mannosylated (Man-) and fucosylated (Fuc-) emulsions incorporated with cholesten-5-yloxy-N-(4-((1-imino-2-D-thiomannosylethyl)amino)alkyl)formamide (Man-C4-Chol) and its fucosylated derivatives (Fuc-C4-Chol), respectively. Man- (or Fuc-) emulsions are composed of soybean oil, EggPC and Man-C4-Chol (or Fuc-C4-Chol) in a weight ratio of 70:25:5. After intravenous administration to mice, these two types of [(3)H]cholesteryl hexadecyl ether (CHE)-labelled glycosylated emulsions were rapidly eliminated from the blood circulation and preferentially recovered in the liver. In contrast, bare (Bare-) emulsions composed of soybean oil:EggPC:cholesterol (Chol) in a weight ratio of 70:25:5 were more retained in the blood circulation. The hepatic uptake clearances of Man- and Fuc-emulsions were 3.3- and 4.0-times greater than that of Bare-emulsions. Interestingly, the hepatic uptake clearance of Fuc-emulsions was significantly higher that that of Man-emulsions. The uptake ratios by non-parenchymal cells (NPC) and parenchymal cells (PC) (NPC/PC ratio) for Bare-, Man- and Fuc-emulsions were found to be 0.4, 2.0 and 2.9, respectively. The hepatic uptakes of [(3)H]CHE-labelled Man- and Fuc-emulsions were reduced by pre-dosing with glycosylated proteins and liposomes. These results clearly support the conclusion that Man- and Fuc-emulsions are promising carrier systems for liver NPC-specific targeting via receptor-mediated mechanism.
Stereoselective intramolecular aldol reactions of (4R)-3-(3-oxobutanoyl)-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylates believed to be directed by ‘self-induced’ axial chirality (1998)

Essentially complete retention of configuration accompanies the base-induced aldol reaction of the thiazolidinecarboxylate 6c to give the fused heterocycles 7c and 8c and their retroaldol–acylation reactions to give the bicycle 9c.
The role of CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> immunoregulatory T cells in the induction of autoimmune gastritis (2002)

A number of experimental models of organ-specific autoimmunity involve a period of peripheral lymphopenia prior to disease onset. There is now considerable evidence that the development of autoimmune disease in these models is due to the absence of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. However, the role of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in the prevention of autoimmune disease in normal individuals has not been defined. Here we have assessed the affect of depletion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in BALB/c mice on the induction of autoimmune gastritis. The CD4+CD25+ T cell population was reduced to 95% of the original population in adult thymectomized mice by treatment with anti-CD25 mAb. By 48 days after the anti-CD25 treatment, the CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell population had returned to a normal level. Treatment of thymectomized adult mice for up to 4 weeks with anti-CD25 mAb did not result in the development of autoimmune gastritis. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that depletion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells, together with transient CD4+ T lymphopenia, also did not result in the development of autoimmune gastritis, indicating that peripheral expansion of the CD4+ T cell population, per se, does not result in autoimmunity in adult mice. On the other hand, depletion of CD4+CD25+ T cells in 10-day-old euthymic mice resulted in a 30% incidence of autoimmune gastritis. These data suggest that CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells may be important in protection against autoimmunity while the immune system is being established in young animals, but subsequently other factors are required to initiate autoimmunity.
Presence of F420-dependent glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in Mycobacterium and Nocardia species, but absence from Streptomyces and Corynebacterium species and methanogenic Archaea (1997)

A range of organisms known to contain F420 or to be relatives of mycobacteria were examined for F420-dependent glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (FGD) and NADP-dependent glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP-G6PD) activities. All free-growing Mycobacterium species examined (including a virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain) had FGD activities of 0.014–0.418 μmol min−1 mg protein−1, and NADP-G6PD activities of 0.013–0.636 μmol min−1 mg−1. Armadillo-grown Mycobacterium leprae had FGD activity of 0.008 μmol min−1 mg−1, but no detectable NADP-G6PD activity. Nocardia species also had FGD activity (0.088–0.154 μmol min−1 mg−1). Streptomyces and Corynebacterium species had no FGD, but had NADP-G6PD. Methanogenic Archaea had neither activity.
Face image illumination quality assessment for surveillance video using KPLSR (2016)

Illumination condition is one of the most important factors that affect the face recognition performance. Face image illumination quality assessment can predict the face recognition performance under various illumination conditions, which will improve the accuracy and efficiency of the face recognition system. However, the quality scores calculated by the existing methods are weakly correlated with the performance of face recognition. Face images with high scores often present bad recognition performance, while face images with low scores unexpectedly present good recognition performance. To predict the recognition performance more accurately, a kernel partial least squares regression (KPLSR) based face image illumination quality assessment method for surveillance video is proposed in this paper. The mapping relationship between illumination conditions and face recognition performance is modeled using KPLSR. Taken the fact that different regions of face image have different importance on face recognition, the features of luminance and contrast of sub-blocks are extracted to reflect the illumination conditions. Matching score of the face recognition system is calculated to measure the recognition performance. Experimental results show that, compared with the existing methods, the quality scores calculated by the proposed method are strong correlated with the recognition performance. The proposed method can also meet the requirements of real time processing.
Mediating intimacy (2005)

Intimacy is a crucial element of domestic life, and many interactive technologies designed for other purposes have been appropriated for use within intimate relationships. However, there is a deficit in current understandings of how technologies are used within intimate relationships, and how to design technologies to support intimate acts. In this paper we report on work that has addressed these deficits. We used cultural probes and contextual interviews and other ethnographically informed techniques to investigate how interactive technologies are used within intimate relationships. From this empirical work we generated a thematic understanding of intimacy and the use of interactional technologies to support intimate acts. We used this understanding to inform the design of intimate technologies. A selection of our design concepts is also presented.
Chitosan/ZIF‐8 Mixed‐Matrix Membranes for Pervaporation Dehydration of Isopropanol (2017)

Abstract Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF‐8) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized and embedded into a chitosan (CS) polymeric matrix to prepare CS/ZIF‐8 mixed‐matrix membranes (MMMs) in order to investigate the effect of ZIF‐8 addition as novel filler on the dehydration performance of the CS polymeric membrane. MMMs were evaluated using pervaporation (PV) dehydration of isopropanol (IPA). The synthesized ZIF‐8 nanoparticles and MMMs were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and a swelling study. The PV performance of the prepared MMMs with different ZIF‐8 loadings for IPA dehydration was investigated. For the ZIF‐8/CS MMMs, at the optimum loading the total flux increases significantly with low separation factor reduction. The good PV performance of the ZIF‐8‐incorporated CS membranes for dehydration of IPA is demonstrated.
Rethinking Refresh: Increasing Availability and Reducing Power in DRAM for Cache Applications (2008)

Caches use data very differently than main memory does, so DRAM caches can have dramatically different refresh requirements. Making canonical assumptions about retention times in DRAM can be drastic overkill within the cache context. Using standard refresh rates may be unnecessary, and can be a significant waste of cache utilization and power. In this article, we view "retention time" in a new way by using statistical populations more appropriate for caches, and we suggest uses of a cache's inherent error- control mechanisms to reduce refresh rates by several orders of magnitude.
Resolving the controversy on the pH sensitivity of diamond surfaces (2007)

Abstract The pH sensitivity of the surface conductivity of H‐terminated diamond has been the subject of great controversy, regarding not only its absolute value but even its sign. In this contribution the effect of the reference electrode on the pH sensitivity is investigated. Thus, the pH response of diamond solution‐gate field effect transistors using Pt and Ag/AgCl reference electrodes has been measured. We demonstrate that the Pt electrode potential is itself pH dependent and over‐ compensates the pH sensitivity of the surface conductivity, which alters significantly the interpretation of the pH sensitivity experiments. If this effect is correctly taken into account the apparent controversy is resolved. The experimental results confirm that the pH sensitivity of the H‐terminated diamond surface conductivity does not follow the prediction of the transfer doping model. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Concentric ring metal grating for generating radially polarized light (2011)

A subwavelength concentric ring metal grating for visible light (λ=632.8 nm) is designed and fabricated by electron-beam lithography to transform circularly polarized light into radially polarized light. Experimental results are compared to theoretical predictions and the advantages and disadvantages of the element with alternative methods are discussed.
Quantum measurement of a mesoscopic spin ensemble (2006)

We describe a method for precise estimation of the polarization of a mesoscopic spin ensemble by using its coupling to a single two-level system. Our approach requires a minimal number of measurements on the two-level system for a given measurement precision. We consider the application of this method to the case of nuclear-spin ensemble defined by a single electron-charged quantum dot: we show that decreasing the electron spin dephasing due to nuclei and increasing the fidelity of nuclear-spin-based quantum memory could be within the reach of present day experiments.
Quantitative detection of immune activation transcripts as a diagnostic tool in kidney transplantation (1997)

Procedures to diagnose renal allograft rejection depend upon detection of graft dysfunction and the presence of a mononuclear leukocytic infiltrate; however, the presence of a modest cellular infiltrate is often not conclusive and can be detected in non-rejecting grafts. We have pursued a molecular approach utilizing reverse transcription (RT)-PCR to test the diagnostic accuracy of multiple immune activation gene analysis as means to diagnose renal allograft rejection. The magnitude of intragraft gene expression of 15 immune activation genes was quantified by competitive RT-PCR in 60 renal allograft core biopsies obtained for surveillance or to diagnose the etiology of graft dysfunction. Results were compared with a clinicopathological analysis based upon the histological diagnosis (Banff criteria) and the response to antirejection treatment. During acute renal allograft rejection intragraft expression of the interleukin (IL)-7 ( P < 0.001), IL-10 ( P < 0.0001), IL-15 ( P < 0.0001), Fas ligand ( P < 0.0001), perforin ( P < 0.0001), and granzyme B ( P < 0.0015), but not IL-2, interferon γ, or IL-4, genes is significantly heightened. Amplified RANTES and IL-8 gene transcripts are sensitive but nonspecific markers of rejection. A simultaneous RT-PCR evaluation of perforin, granzyme B, and Fas ligand identifies acute rejection, including cases with mild infiltration, with extraordinary sensitivity (100%) and specificity (100%). Effective antirejection therapy results in a rapid down-regulation of gene expression. The combined analysis of Fas ligand, perforin, and granzyme B gene expression by quantitative RT-PCR provides a reliable tool for diagnosis and follow-up of acute renal allograft rejection. Its accuracy and a potential rapid application within few hours suggest its use in the clinical management of renal transplant patients.
Non-mean-square error criteria (1958)

While in the engineering literature non-mean-square error criteria for predictors are often presented as physically significant and then shunted aside because of mathematical unmanageability, it is shown here that ia the case of Gaussian processes all such criteria given ia three recent textbooks yield the same predictor as the linear minimum mean-square predictor of Wiener.
Identification of an Intestinal Microbiota Signature Associated With Severity of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (2016)

NCT01252550.
Characterization of dropouts with data read-back errors for digital magnetic-tape recorders (1986)

A data-acquisition system for characterizing dropouts in terms of data-recording errors is introduced. Data acquired with the system is presented, and a method of data analysis suggested. Dropouts, where the amplitude decreases to 10-15 percent nominal, are shown as the primary cause of data read-back errors. Possible applications of the techniques for data acquisition and analysis are discussed briefly.
Literature (1999)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation M. L. Smoker, Mike Catalano, Edward Henry, Barbara Bates, nila northSun, Jack Rickard, Karenne Wood; Literature. American Indian Culture and Research Journal 1 January 1999; 23 (4): 175–193. doi: https://doi.org/10.17953/aicr.23.4.gjk7846424727273 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest Search
Force-reflective teleoperated system with shared and compliant control capabilities (1989)

The force-reflecting teleoperator breadboard is described. It is the first system among available Research and Development systems with the following combined capabilities: (1) The master input device is not a replica of the slave arm. It is a general purpose device which can be applied to the control of different robot arms through proper mathematical transformations. (2) Force reflection generated in the master hand controller is referenced to forces and moments measured by a six DOF force-moment sensor at the base of the robot hand. (3) The system permits a smooth spectrum of operations between full manual, shared manual and automatic, and full automatic (called traded) control. (4) The system can be operated with variable compliance or stiffness in force-reflecting control. Some of the key points of the system are the data handling and computing architecture, the communication method, and the handling of mathematical transformations. The architecture is a fully synchronized pipeline. The communication method achieves optimal use of a parallel communication channel between the local and remote computing nodes. A time delay box is also implemented in this communication channel permitting experiments with up to 8 sec time delay. The mathematical transformations are computed faster than 1 msec so that control at each node can be operated at 1 kHz servo rate without interpolation. This results in an overall force-reflecting loop rate of 200 Hz.
Persorption of metallic iron particles. (1969)

Large, solid, undissolved food particles instantly enter the body from the intestinal lumen. We examined this phenomenon which we called 'persorption'. Such large particles are kneaded between the cells into the subepithelial region through the epithelial cell layer. Transport from the intestinal wall is via the portal system and by means of the chyle (Fig. Starch granules with a diameter ranging from 5 to 100 ,u were used as models for these experiments (Volkheimer, 1964, 1968; Volk- heimer and Schulz, 1968; Volkheimer et al, 1968a, b, c, and d).
Au-TiB x -n-6H-SiC Schottky barrier diodes: Specific features of charge transport in rectifying and nonrectifying contacts (2009)

Mechanism of charge transport in a diode of a silicon carbide’s Schottky barrier formed by a quasi-amorphous interstitial phase TiB x on the surface of n-6H-SiC (0001) single crystals with an uncompensated donor (nitrogen) concentration of ∼1018 cm−3 and dislocation density of ∼(106–108) cm−2 has been studied. It is demonstrated that, at temperatures T ≲ 400 K, the charge transport is governed by the tunneling current along dislocations intersecting the space charge region. At T > 400 K, the mechanism of charge transport changes to a thermionic mechanism with a barrier height of ∼0.64 eV and ideality factor close to 1.3.
UBXN7 docks on neddylated cullin complexes using its UIM motif and causes HIF1α accumulation (2012)

Our study shows that independently of its function as a ubiquitin-binding adaptor for p97, UBXN7 directly interacts with neddylated cullins and causes the accumulation of the CUL2 substrate HIF1α. We propose that by sequestering CUL2 in its neddylated form, UBXN7 negatively regulates the ubiquitin-ligase activity of CRL2 and this might prevent recruitment of ubiquitin-receptors other than p97 to nuclear HIF1α.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Brolucizumab with Natural Disease Progression in Wet AMD Using Clinical Data from the Phase III HAWK and HARRIER Trials and Modelled Placebo Data (2020)

ABSTRACT Aim: To compare the treatment effect of brolucizumab, a novel anti–vascular endothelial growth factor therapeutic, with a putative placebo in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration. Materials and Methods: Clinical treatment-effect data from patients receiving brolucizumab 6 mg in the HAWK and HARRIER studies were compared with modelled placebo data using a previously developed and validated indirect response, non-linear, mixed effects model describing the natural visual acuity decline in wet age-related macular degeneration. The placebo model incorporated patient-level data from the sham injection arms of the MARINA and PIER studies, corrected for baseline best corrected visual acuity and age difference between these studies and the HAWK and HARRIER studies. Results: Compared with a modelled placebo, brolucizumab treatment was associated with an overall best corrected visual acuity gain of approximately 22 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters at Week 48 and 28 letters at Week 96. Conclusions: As anti–vascular endothelial growth factor therapy is now a standard of care for wet age-related macular degeneration, it is not feasible to conduct placebo-controlled trials for new wet age-related macular degeneration treatments. By allowing comparison with the natural decline in visual acuity without treatment, this analysis conveys the clinical importance of brolucizumab for the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration.
Inhibitors of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate phosphodiesterase in cassia seed. (1984)

Aurantio-obtusin and obtusin were identified as inhibitors of adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) phosphodiesterase in seeds of Cassia obtusifolia L. and Cassia tora L. The structure-activity relationships of 22 anthraquinones and 17 analogous compounds were studied. Anthraquinones of the emodin and obtusin types were generally more inhibitory towards cAMP phosphodiesterase than other types of anthraquinones, anthrones and lactones.
REVIEWS (1983)

REVIEWS Get access CRIMINAL JUSTICE HISTORY. AN INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL. Vol. I (1980). By THE CRIME AND JUSTICE HISTORY GROUP (ed.). [New York: The John Jay Press. 1980. 288 pp. $20.00.] CRIME AND THE LAW. THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF CRIME IN WESTERN EUROPE SINCE 1500. By V. A. C. GATRELL, BRUCE LENMAN and GEOFFREY PARKER (eds.). [London: Europa Publications. 1980. xii+381 pp. £20.00.] Victor Bailey Victor Bailey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The British Journal of Criminology, Volume 23, Issue 1, January 1983, Pages 78–80, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a047341 Published: 01 January 1983