gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low‐rank Orthogonal Decompositions for Information Retrieval Applications (1996)

Current methods to index and retrieve documents from databases usually depend on a lexical match between query terms and keywords extracted from documents in a database. These methods can produce incomplete or irrelevant results due to the use of synonyms and polysemus words. The association of terms with documents (or implicit semantic structure) can be derived using large sparse {\it term-by-document} matrices. In fact, both terms and documents can be matched with user queries using representations in k-space (where 100 ≤ k ≤ 200) derived from k of the largest approximate singular vectors of these term-by-document matrices. This completely automated approach called latent semantic indexing or LSI, uses subspaces spanned by the approximate singular vectors to encode important associative relationships between terms and documents in k-space. Using LSI, two or more documents may be closeto each other in k-space (and hence meaning) yet share no common terms. The focus of this work is to demonstrate the computational advantages of exploiting low-rank orthogonal decompositions such as the ULV (or URV) as opposed to the truncated singular value decomposition (SVD) for the construction of initial and updated rank-k subspaces arising from LSI applications.
Regulation of endothelin-1 gene expression by Fos and Jun. (1991)

The endothelin peptides constitute a family of potent vasoconstrictor molecules. Endothelin-1 (ET1) is secreted by vascular endothelial cells and may have a role in the regulation of vascular tone. To better understand the function of ET1, we have investigated the transcriptional regulation of the ET1 gene. Utilizing reporter gene transfection experiments, we have previously identified two promoter regions, located at base pairs -148 to -117 (Region A) and -117 to -98 (Region B) of the ET1 gene. Both regions are necessary for high level ET1 transcription in endothelial cells. A nuclear protein binding to the GATA motif in Region A has been identified and proven to be necessary for expression of the ET1 gene. However, the cis-acting sequences and their cognate binding proteins for Region B have not been investigated. To identify protein binding motifs in Region B we performed DNase I footprinting and gel mobility shift assays using a DNA fragment encoding base pairs -204 to -94 of the ET1 gene. Results from these studies indicated that the AP1 consensus sequence (GTGACTAA) in Region B as the only protein-binding motif. Site-directed mutagenesis of the ET1 AP1 site resulted in a 30-fold reduction in promoter activity, establishing the functional significance of this sequence. Additional experiments investigated the role of Jun and Fos in ET1 transcription. By employing antisera to Jun and Fos in gel mobility shift assays, both of these proteins were identified as endothelial cell nuclear proteins binding to the ET1 AP1 sequence. In trans-activation experiments, we showed that cotransfection of c-fos and c-jun expression plasmids markedly increased the transcription rate of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter plasmids containing three synthetic ET1 AP1 sites. Taken together, these data indicate the importance of the AP1 recognition sequence, and the role of Fos and Jun proteins in the regulation of ET1 gene transcription.
Antinociceptive effect of the calcium-binding protein MRP-14 and the role played by neutrophils on the control of inflammatory pain (1998)

Macrophages secrete a variety of chemical mediators that play a central role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory pain. Therefore, the activation or deactivation of these cells in an inflammatory focus could modulate the intensity of the algogenic response. Based on these premises and on our previous demonstration that the calcium-binding protein MRP-14, highly expressed in neutrophils, deactivates activated macrophages in vitro, we decided to investigate the role of MRP-14 and of neutrophils in the control of inflammatory pain in mice. Our results show that this protein is endowed with antinociceptive activity. When tested in the writhing model it was able to inhibit pain response but did not change the behavior of the animals in the hot plate test. This observation indicates that MRP-14 down-regulates inflammatory but not central pain. Using a model of acute neutrophilic peritonitis induced by glycogen, a close correlation between neutrophil migration and antinociception was detected. Surgical adrenalectomy demonstrated that the antinociceptive response induced by glycogen was not due to endogenous liberation of glucocorticoids. The treatment of animals either with a monoclonal antibody anti-MRP-14 or a monoclonal antibody that depletes the animals of neutrophils reverts the antinociceptive response observed in the glycogen-induced peritonitis. These data define the calcium-binding protein MRP-14 as a novel mediator for the control of inflammatory pain and consequently discloses an anti-inflammatory role for the neutrophil.
Reactions of copper(II) complexes of optically active N-substituted diamines with alk-3-en-2-ones or 4-hydroxyalkan-2-ones: formation of optically active macrocycles (1987)

The reaction of bis[(3S)-3-aminopiperidine]copper(II) with but-3-en-2-one in methanol in the presence of ammonia gives an optically active tetra-azamacrocyclic complex in ca. 80% yield. Analogous optically active complexes are also obtained from bis[(3S)-3-aminohexahydroazepine]copper(II) or bis[(2S)-2-(aminomethyl)pyrrolidine]copper(II) by the same procedure. The introduction of methyl and/or a hydroxyl group at the C4 position of but-3-en-2-one leads to a decrease in the reactivity of the ketones, and changes the species and distribution of the reaction products. In particular, when the C4 position is fully substituted with methyl groups, C–N bond formation with the secondary amino group no longer proceeds. The change in the reaction mode due to the substituents at C4 is discussed.
Cardiac cell damage: a primary myocardial disease in streptozotocin-induced chronic diabetes. (1984)

Ultrastructural changes in heart muscle due to chronic diabetes subsequent to a single injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg body wt, i.v.) were studied in rats. Presence of diabetes was indicated by hyperglycaemia (plasma glucose, control, 120 +/- 7; diabetic, 448 +/- 21 mg/dl) as well as hypo-insulinaemia (plasma insulin, control, 25.6 +/- 5.2; diabetic, 11.2 +/- 0.5 microU/ml). After 8 weeks of diabetes, the hearts were processed for electron microscopic examination. Cardiac muscle cells in diabetic hearts showed condensation of nuclear chromatin and folding of nuclear membranes. Swelling of mitochondria, clearing of mitochondrial matrix and incorporation of lysosomal membranes into mitochondrial matrix was also noted. A marked increase in both lysosomes and lipid droplets was apparent. Focal areas in diabetic hearts showed contracted sarcomeres, myofibrillar degeneration and separation of the intercalated disc. Atherosclerotic plaque formation as well as structural changes in the smooth muscle or endothelial cells in the small arteries, arterioles or capillaries were not seen to accompany the structural changes in the cardiac muscle cells of the diabetic hearts. This study provides strong evidence for the occurrence of primary myocardial disease in streptozotocin-induced chronic diabetes.
개인(個人) 색채(色彩) 진단(診斷)에 따른 모발(毛髮)과 메이크업 색상(色相)의 변화(變化) -가을 타입의 모델을 중심(中心)으로- (2005)

To find suitable color for an individual is very important in personal image-making. In recent years, the importance and role of personal image is also more emphasized. This study deals with the necessity of personal color system and the proposal of color which looks nice on a person as a result of personal color system. It also includes the method of making personal image by balancing between and using both favorite color and unfavorite color. Besides, I study how does the color image affect the personal appearance image in this paper. From clinical experiments. I concluded as follow. First, Each person has his suitable color. When the color is used. The color, pimples, flows and so on are covered and defects of his face are made up for. Second, By changing the factors of his own original color-group and decision factors - color of skin, hair, eye, etc -, I can change personal color-group. Third, The image of color affects the personal appearance image, when it used in make-up and hair-color. Considering above results, If one uses one`s suitable color, one will complement defects of one`s face and improve merits one`s. Besides, One will be more confident and active by using one`s suitable color.
A SERIES SOLUTION FOR EDDY CURRENT PROBLEMS OF RECTANGULAR LAMINA (2001)

A series solution of eddy current expressed by analytical method is given for eddy current problems of rectangular lamina under the transverse magnetic field which varies with harmony. As compared with the variational method, the results indicate that the method in this paper not only improves the numerically computational precision, but reduces the computational memory and time. The simple and effective method is provided for the calculation of eddy current in the project.
A pipeline architecture for Encompression (encryption + compression) technology (2003)

This paper introduces a new technology that combines compression and encryption into a single operation referred to as Encompression. This novel scheme is based on a special class of a sparse network - known as Cellular Automata (CA). The simple, regular, modular, cascadable, local neighborhood structure of CA ideally suits low cost, online Encompression to support efficient data transmission with desired level of security. A pipeline architecture has been proposed for hardwired realization of Encompression operations.
Synthesis of Optically Active α-Hydroxy Acids by Kinetic Resolution Through Lipase-Catalyzed Enantioselective Acetylation (1998)

The lipase-catalyzed acetylation of a broad spectrum of racemic 2-hydroxy acids 1 to their 2-acetoxy acids 2 was shown to proceed with high enantioselectivity. Thus, the microbial lipases, in particular from Candidaantarctica and Burkholderiaspecies, are convenient biocatalysts for the synthesis of optically active 2-hydroxy acids in excellent enantioselectivity (ee values up to > 99%). The absolute configurations of the 2-hydroxy acids 1 were assigned by comparison of the gas-chromatographic data with that of literature-known reference compounds, or by means of the exciton-coupled circular dichroism method (ECCD) on their bichromophoric 2-naphthoate 9-anthrylmethyl derivatives 3. These results establish that (S)-2-hydroxy acids 1 were preferentially acetylated by microbial lipases.
Comparison of spin-orbit torques and spin pumping across NiFe/Pt and NiFe/Cu/Pt interfaces (2015)

We experimentally investigate spin-orbit torques and spin pumping in NiFe/Pt bilayers with direct and interrupted interfaces. The dampinglike and fieldlike torques are simultaneously measured with spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance tuned by a dc-bias current, whereas spin pumping is measured electrically through the inverse spin-Hall effect using a microwave cavity. Insertion of an atomically thin Cu dusting layer at the interface reduces the dampinglike torque, fieldlike torque, and spin pumping by nearly the same factor of $\ensuremath{\approx}1.4$. This finding confirms that the observed spin-orbit torques predominantly arise from diffusive transport of spin current generated by the spin-Hall effect. We also find that spin-current scattering at the NiFe/Pt interface contributes to additional enhancement in magnetization damping that is distinct from spin pumping.
Rat ovarian lutropin receptor is a transmembrane protein. Evidence for an <i>M</i>r-20,000 cytoplasmic domain (1986)

Membrane topography of the rat ovarian lutropin receptor was studied by two different approaches. Ovarian membrane preparation, labelled with 125I-labelled human choriogonadotropin in vivo, was subjected to extensive chymotryptic digestion. The soluble and membrane-bound radioactive complexes were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde, and analysed by SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. Chymotrypsin solubilized 70-75% of the radioactivity as Mr-96,000, Mr-74,000 and Mr-61,000 complexes, and decreased the size of the membrane-bound 125I-labelled human choriogonadotropin-receptor complex from Mr 130,000 to Mr 110,000. The Mr-110,000 complex was not observed when 0.1% Triton X-100 was present in the proteolytic digestion. Enrichment of inside-out-oriented plasma-membrane vesicles by concanavalin A affinity chromatography increased by 70% the fraction of radioactivity that remained in the membrane fraction after chymotrypsin treatment. Chymotrypsin also diminished the size of the membrane-bound unoccupied receptor from Mr 90,000 to Mr 70,000, as detected by ligand (125I-labelled human choriogonadotropin) blotting. These results suggest that the lutropin receptor is a transmembrane protein with a cytoplasmic domain of Mr 20,000 that is sensitive to proteolytic digestion in the inside-out-oriented plasma-membrane vesicles.
Effects of Low Energy Emission Therapy in Chronic Psychophysiological Insomnia (1996)

The treatment of chronic psychophysiological insomnia presents a challenge that has not been met using currently available pharmacotherapy. Low energy emission therapy (LEET) has been developed as a potential alternative therapy for this disorder. LEET consists of amplitude-modulated electromagnetic fields delivered intrabuccally by means of an electrically conducting mouthpiece in direct contact with the oral mucosa. The effect of LEET on chronic psychophysiological insomnia was assessed with polysomnography (PSG) and sleep rating forms on a total of 106 patients at two different centers. Active or inactive LEET was administered for 20 minutes in late afternoon three times a week for a total of 12 treatments. Primary efficacy endpoints evaluating the results were changes from baseline in PSG-assessed total sleep time (TST) and sleep latency (SL). Secondary endpoints were changes in sleep efficiency (SE), sleep stages, and reports by the subjects of SL and TST. There was a significant increase in TST as assessed by PSG between baseline and post-treatment values for the active treatment group (76.0 +/- 11.1 minutes, p = 0.0001). The increase for the inactive treatment group was not statistically significant. The TST improvement was significantly greater for the active group when compared to the inactive group (adjusted for baseline TST; p = 0.020. R1 = 0.20). There was a significant decrease in SL as assessed by PSG between baseline and post-treatment values for the active treatment group (-21.6 +/- 5.9 minutes, p = 0.0006), whereas the decrease noted for the inactive treatment group was not statistically significant. The difference in SL decrease between the two treatment groups was marginally significant (adjusted for baseline SL and center, p = 0.068, R2 = 0.60). The number of sleep cycles per night increased by 30% after active treatment (p = 0.0001) but was unchanged following inactive treatment. Subjects did not experience rebound insomnia, and there were no significant side effects. The data presented in this report indicate that LEET administered for 20 minutes three times a week increased TST and reduced SL in chronic psychophysiological insomnia. LEET is safe and well tolerated and it effectively improved the sleep of chronic insomniacs given 12 treatments over a 4-week period by increasing the number of sleep cycles without altering the percentage of the various sleep stages during the night. The therapeutic action of LEET differs from that of currently available drug therapies in that the sleep pattern noted in insomniacs following LEET treatment more closely resembles nocturnal physiological sleep. This novel treatment may offer an attractive alternative therapy for chronic insomnia.
Cylindrical micro-optics (1993)

The process of forming cylindrical glass microlenses drawn from a precisely shaped preform provides optical engineers and designers a novel source of miniaturized optical components with very high numerical aperture and diffraction-limited performance. Because of these characteristics, and because of the inherent anamorphic nature of cylindrical optics, drawn microlenses are ideally suited for use with most laser diodes. The technology has evolved during the past couple of years to the point that laser diodes products incorporating these microlenses are now available commercially, and they are beginning to be incorporated into commercial instruments. In this paper we review the current status of drawn cylindrical microlenses, and discuss some novel applications being developed.
Neural networks versus parameter-based applications in cost estimating (1995)

Cost estimating is essentially a computational process that attempts to predict the final cost of a future project, even though not all of the parameters and conditions are known when the cost estimate is prepared. In general, estimating methods vary considerably, depending upon the available information, the nature of the project, and the time available to prepare the estimate. In this article, we discuss some recent applications of parametric estimating in analyzing cost data and making predictions. We also investigate the potential application of neural networks to estimating problems. Both of these methodologies use a parameter-based approach in modeling cost. However, the computational techniques used to analyze cost data and produce results are significantly different. As an illustration, we provide a numerical example that may be used to compare the performance of parametric estimating and neural networks. 8 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs.
Extremely Small Two-Element Monopole Antenna for HF Band Applications (2013)

This paper presents a novel antenna architecture to achieve an extremely small form factor for HF band applications. The approach is based on manipulating the topology of a short monopole antenna without utilizing a high index material. A new architecture incorporating two radiating elements is configured, which allows significant gain enhancement. It is shown that such architecture can render a miniaturized HF antenna on air substrate having lateral and height dimensions as small as 0.0115λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> × 0.0115λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> × 0.0038λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> (150 mm× mm × 50 mm for operation at 22.9 MHz). It is found that the measured gain of such architecture can be as high as - 18.1 dBi, which is 16.7 dB higher than a reference inverted-F antenna realized on a high index material (ε <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</i> = 10.2) having exactly the same dimensions. The proposed antenna architecture is composed of two in-phase radiating vertical elements connected to two inductors between which a capacitive top load is connected to achieve the desired resonant condition. The two vertical elements act effectively as a monopole having increased height. It is also shown that the gain of the antenna can be increased monotonically by increasing the quality factor ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> ) of the phase shifter. High <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> air-core inductors that can be accommodated in electrically small monopole antenna are designed and incorporated in the phase shifter to achieve a gain value of - 17.9 dBi. Details about the proposed design approach, simulation, and measurement results are discussed.
High speed techniques for synthetic aperture radar image formation (1981)

One possible approach to high speed synthetic aperture radar signal reconstruction involves the utilization of two dimensional real time spatial light modulators as recyclable replacements for photographic film in the input transducer plane of a modified synthetic aperture radar (SAR) coherent optical processor. Leading candidate spatial light modulators include modified Pockels readout optical modulators (PROM), charge coupled devices (CCD) addressed liquid crystal light valves, and CCD addressed membrane light modulators. The fundamental physical limitations affecting SAR processor performance characteristics of such real time devices are under investigation. Current research on PROM is focused on the effects of device operatonal mode, device constitutive parameters, electro-optic crystal orientation, writing wavelength, frame rate/data overwrite/presuming, erasure completeness, and image retention on the overall quality of SAR image formation. Both modulated laser scanning and intensified CRT temporal to spatial input approaches are being examined.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTRO‐ORGANIC REACTIONS. PART 13. THE ANODIC ACETOXYLATION OF METHYL OLEATE (1979)

Abstract Eine wirkungsvolle anodische Mono‐ und Diacetoxylierung von Methyloleat wird beschrieben.