gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of video transmission over lossy channels (2000)

A theoretical analysis of the overall mean squared error (MSE) in hybrid video coding is presented for the case of error prone transmission. Our model covers the complete transmission system including the rate-distortion performance of the video encoder, forward error correction, interleaving, and the effect of error concealment and interframe error propagation at the video decoder. The channel model used is a 2-state Markov model describing burst errors on the symbol level. Reed-Solomon codes are used for forward error correction. Extensive simulation results using an H.263 video codec are provided for verification. Using the model, the optimal tradeoff between INTRA and INTER coding as well as the optimal channel code rate can be determined for given channel parameters by minimizing the expected MSE at the decoder. The main focus of this paper is to show the accuracy of the derived analytical model and its applicability to the analysis and optimization of an entire video transmission system.
Large-Scale Spatial and Temporal Genetic Diversity of Feline Calicivirus (2012)

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is an important pathogen of domestic cats and a frequently used model of human caliciviruses. Here we use an epidemiologically rigorous sampling framework to describe for the first time the phylodynamics of a calicivirus at regional and national scales. A large number of FCV strains cocirculated in the United Kingdom at the national and community levels, with no strain comprising more than 5% and 14% of these populations, respectively. The majority of strains exhibited a relatively restricted geographical range, with only two strains (one field virus and one vaccine virus) spreading further than 100 km. None of the field strains were identified outside the United Kingdom. Temporally, while some strains persisted locally for the majority of the study, others may have become locally extinct. Evolutionary analysis revealed a radial phylogeny with little bootstrap support for nodes above the strain level. In most cases, spatially and temporally diverse strains intermingled in the phylogeny. Together, these data suggest that current FCV evolution is not associated with selective competition among strains. Rather, the genetic and antigenic landscape in each geographical location is highly complex, with many strains cocirculating. These variants likely exist at the community level by a combination of de novo evolution and occasional gene flow from the wider national population. This complexity provides a benchmark, for the first time, against which vaccine cross-protection at both local and national levels can be judged.
Bulk growth of GaSb and (1997)

Synthesis and growth of bulk GaSb single crystals and GaInSb polycrystals have been carried out by the vertical Bridgman technique, with a baffle immersed in the melt and by complete encapsulation of the melt by low melting temperature alkali halides or oxides. The critical roles of the baffle and the encapsulation are discussed. Efforts in obtaining device grade GaSb with superior structural and electrical properties and compositionally homogeneous GaInSb are described, emphasizing the key steps in the growth cycle developed to obtain good crystalline quality.
Proactive Management of Distributed Buffers for Streaming Continuity in Wired-Wireless Integrated Networks (2006)

New challenging deployment scenarios are accommodating limited and heterogeneous portable devices that roam among wireless access localities during service provisioning with session maintenance and continuity requirements, such as in multimedia streaming. That calls for novel middlewares able to dynamically personalize service quality, with no interruptions while clients move in wired-wireless integrated networks at provision time. The paper proposes a middleware-level proactive buffering solution for streaming continuity based on mobile proxies. Mobile proxies execute in the wired network locally to their wireless clients and proactively migrate to maintain colocality with associated roaming devices. In addition, apart from traditional client-side buffering, mobile proxies proactively manage pre-fetching buffers of multimedia contents by dynamically adapting buffer size to the current context such as handoff probability, client/streaming characteristics, and user service class. Experimental results show that, notwithstanding portable Java-based implementation, our context-aware proactive and adaptive buffering does not experience streaming interruptions in most common wireless Internet deployment scenarios
Ortho-para catalysis in liquid-hydrogen production (1958)

A seri es of selected or specially prepared catalysts were s tud ied fo r t heir abili ty to accelerate the ortho to para conversion of hydrogen . The res ults of t hi s st ud y a re presented and the p erformance of vari ous catalyst s are compared with t hat of chrom ic oxide on al u: mina pellets. An outstandin g cata.lyst, u~s upporte d hydrous J erric oxide g ra nules, was selected for further study a nd used 111 the liquefi ers of t he NatIOnal Burea u of Standards Cr yogenic Engineering L aboratory. One and one-half liters of t his catalyst has now bee n used to convert more t han 100,000 li ters of liquid hydrogen to 90 to 95 perce nt pa ra at an average rate of abo ut 235 liters of liquid per hour. There is to date no ev id ence of decrea se in effici ency with continued use.
Wavelength Matching and Tuning in Green Laser Packaging using Second Harmonic Generation (2006)

Short wavelength laser sources, such as green laser sources, have found increased applications. Laser wavelengths, such as green light, which cannot be generated by a single native semiconductor laser source, can be obtained using the nonlinear susceptibility of many optical materials. For green laser sources capable of high speed modulation, the combination of a quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation (SHG) waveguide device and a single-wavelength distributed-Bragg-reflector (DBR) laser diode is promising. The wavelength conversion efficiency of a SHG is strongly dependent on the wavelength matching between the DBR laser diode and the SHG device, posing a significant challenge in green laser packaging. It is desired that the wavelength matching is achieved at high efficiency and thus low power consumption. In this paper, the wavelength matching between a DBR laser diode and a SHG device is discussed and thermal wavelength tuning of both laser and SHG device is designed and studied.
Bactericidal oncocin derivatives with superior serum stabilities (2010)

The proline-rich antimicrobial peptide oncocin is remarkably active in vitro against a number of important Gram-negative bacteria of concern to humans owing to their increasing resistance to antibiotics, i.e. Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae) and non-fermenting species (Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Degradation of oncocin in mouse serum was investigated in this study. Several approaches to stabilise the main cleavage sites (C-terminal to Arg-15 and N-terminal to Arg-19) by substituting either or both arginine (Arg) residues with non-proteinogenic amino acids, i.e. α-amino-3-guanidino-propionic acid, homoarginine, nitro-arginine, N-methyl-arginine, β-homoarginine, D-arginine (D-Arg) or ornithine (Orn), were tested. These modifications were found to increase the half-life of oncocin in full mouse serum. For oncocin with two Orn residues in positions 15 and 19, the half-life in full serum increased from 25 min to 3 h. An increase of >8 h was observed for oncocin with two D-Arg residues at these same positions. The antibacterial activities of these modified sequences were slightly better than the original oncocin sequence. Moreover, the three most stable analogues were found to be bactericidal against E. coli and were not toxic to HeLa cells or haemolytic to human erythrocytes.
Characterization of semiconductor bridges (SCB) igniters for use in thermal batteries (1996)

Semiconductor bridges (SCB) igniters were evaluated as possible replacements for conventional hot-wire igniters for use in thermal batteries. The all-fire and no-fire characteristics were determined using an up-down scheme; the Neyer/SENSIT program was used to analyze the data. The SCB igniters functioned with a higher no-fire level, relative to a hot-wire igniter, for a given all-fire level. This makes the SCB igniter safer and more reliable than its hot-wire counterpart. The SCB is very resistant to electrostatic discharge and does not require a sensitization mixture for ignition of the primary pyrotechnic charge. These factors, along with its amenability to large-scale production, make the SCB igniter ideally suited for use in thermal batteries.
Le langage lyrique en Chine populaire : la modernité et l'après-Mao (2001)

Lee Gregory B. Le langage lyrique en Chine populaire : la modernité et l'après-Mao. In: Mots, n°66, juillet 2001. Discours d'Asie : identités et ruptures, sous la direction de Patrick Beillevaire et Jean-Paul Honoré. pp. 125-133.
THE SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF BIS-(CYCLOPENTADIENYLNICKEL)-ACETYLENE (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF BIS-(CYCLOPENTADIENYLNICKEL)-ACETYLENEMichael DubeckCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 2, 502Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01487a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01487a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Amine-Functionalized Task-Specific Ionic Liquids: A Mechanistic Explanation for the Dramatic Increase in Viscosity upon Complexation with CO<sub>2</sub> from Molecular Simulation (2008)

The capture of CO2 from fossil fuel combustion, particularly in coal-fired power plants, represents a critical component of efforts aimed at stabilizing greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere. Alkanolamines have traditionally been used to this end; however, drawbacks such as volatility, degradation, and regeneration costs have been drivers for the development of new, superior technologies. Recently, several seminal studies with ionic liquids (ILs), both experimental and computational, have demonstrated their potential as CO2 capture agents. In traditional ILs, experimental studies with CO2 have revealed its unusually high physical solubility in these media. Complementary simulation studies have provided evidence that this is attributable to CO2 occupying void space within the liquid and favorably interacting with the anion. Recently, a series of second-generation task-specific ionic liquids (TSILs) containing amine functional groups have been synthesized and demonstrated to have much higher capacities for CO2 due to their reactivity with CO2, as well unusually high viscosities in both the neat and complexed states. The current work extends the seminal studies of CO2 capture with ILs by providing insight from simulations into the mechanism responsible for the dramatic increase in viscosity upon complexation. Simulations conclusively demonstrate that the slow translational and rotational dynamics, which are manifest in the high viscosity, may be attributable to the formation of a strong, pervasive hydrogen-bonded network. Semiquantitative estimates of the cation and anion self-diffusion coefficients and rotational time constants, as well as detailed hydrogen bond analysis, are consistent with the experimentally observed formation of glassy or gel-like materials upon contact with CO2. This has significant implications for the design of new approaches or materials involving ILs that take advantage of these preconceived limitations, in the synthesis or manipulation of new TSIL frameworks for CO2 capture, and in novel experimental studies of chemistries and dynamics in persistent heterogeneous environments.
Electrical Stimulation of Cerebellar Fastigial Nucleus: Mechanism of Neuroprotection and Prospects for Clinical Application against Cerebral Ischemia (2014)

For around two decades, electrical fastigial nucleus stimulation (FNS) has been demonstrated to induce neuroprotection involving multiple mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the protective effects of FNS against cerebral ischemia through the inhibition of electrical activity around the lesion, excitotoxic damage on neurons, and brain inflammatory response, as well as apoptosis. Moreover, FNS has been reported to promote nerve tissue repair, reconstruction, and neurological rehabilitation and improve stroke-related complications including poststroke cognitive dysfunction, depression, and abnormal heart rate variability. We thus further discuss the potential of FNS for clinical applications. Given the absence of any risk of inducing sublethal damage, FNS may offer a new approach to preconditioned neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia.
A Ground Motion Prediction Equation for the Horizontal Component of Cumulative Absolute Velocity (CAV) Based on the PEER‐NGA Strong Motion Database (2010)

Cumulative absolute velocity (CAV), defined as the integral of the absolute acceleration time series, has been used as an index to indicate the possible onset of structural damage to nuclear power plant facilities and liquefaction of saturated soils. However, there are very few available ground motion prediction equations for this intensity measure. In this study, we developed a new empirical prediction equation for the horizontal component of CAV using the strong motion database and functional forms that were used to develop similar prediction equations for peak response parameters as part of the PEER Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) Project. We consider this relationship to be valid for magnitudes ranging from 5.0 up to 7.5–8.5 (depending on fault mechanism) and distances ranging from 0–200 km. We found the interevent, intra‐event, and intracomponent standard deviations from this relationship to be smaller than any intensity measure we have investigated thus far.
The Development of the Capacitor Industry and its Position in World Markets (1978)

This article sets out the existing position in world markets of the capacitor industry and discusses its development both technically and commercially over the next few years. It examines the major component product groups within the capacitor industry and indicates their relative importance in the total capacitor market and also their individual development trends. The external and internal pressures exerted on the capacitor industry are examined and their relative importance in connection with the development of the industry are disclosed.
Clinically important pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions: role of cytochrome P450 enzymes (1998)

Drug-drug interactions have become an important issue in health care. It is now realized that many drug-drug interactions can be explained by alterations in the metabolic enzymes that are present in the liver and other extra-hepatic tissues and many of the major pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs are due to hepatic cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP) enzymes being affected by previous administration of other drugs. After coadministration, some drugs act as potent enzyme inducers, whereas others are inhibitors. However, reports of enzyme inhibition are very much more common. Understanding these mechanisms of enzyme inhibition or induction is extremely important in order to give appropriate multiple-drug therapies. In the future, it may help to identify individuals at greatest risk of drug interactions and adverse events.
Proportional Fair Scheduling: Analytical Insight under Rayleigh Fading Environment (2008)

This paper provides analytical expressions to evaluate the performance of a random access wireless network in terms of user throughput and network throughput, subject to the constraint of proportional fairness amongst users. The proportional fair scheduling (PFS) algorithm is considered an attractive bandwidth allocation criterion in wireless networks for supporting high resource utilization while maintaining good fairness among network flows. The most challenge of a PFS problem is the lack of analytic expression. Though the PFS algorithm has been a research focus for some time, the results are mainly obtained from computer simulations. It is known that a PFS problem is NP-hard and, until recently, there are very few papers which give analytic insights into the PFS algorithm. Typically, existing works use simplified form of the PF preference metric and assume simple linear model, or the given analytic expression is valid only for very limited cases. In this research, we give analytical results of the PFS algorithm by providing closed-form expressions for the throughput in Rayleigh fading networks. We use Gaussian approximation method to model the feasible data rate in Rayleigh fading environments. Results obtained from the simulation and numerical analysis verifies the high accuracy of the closed-form expressions given in the paper. In particular, the analytic expressions given here will provide great help for the system design of a PFS-enable network, not only in that it is obtained from more realistic rate model, but also it applies to various kinds of network scenarios.
A pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of granisetron in the treatment of sexual dysfunction in women associated with antidepressant use (2004)

A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of granisetron for the treatment of antidepressant induced sexual dysfunction in women. Twelve women with antidepressant induced sexual dysfunction (AISD) were assigned granisetron (n=5) or placebo (n=7) in a 14-day randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. One participant in the granisetron group did not complete the study. Participants were assessed at baseline, day 7 and day 14 using the Feiger Sexual Function and Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale. No statistical differences were measured at baseline or at endpoint between the granisetron or placebo group. This study did not produce evidence supporting the usefulness of granisetron in AISD.
[Research progress in cytokines and signaling pathways for promoting pulmonary angiogenesis and vascular development]. (2013)

With the advances in pre- and post-natal medical care, the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is on the rise, while its pathogenesis remains not clear. New BPD theory shows that the core pathogenesis of BPD is simple alveolar structure and pulmonary microvascular abnormalities that eventually lead to reduced pulmonary gas exchange, so the research on pulmonary microvascular development was gradually taken seriously. Pulmonary angiogenesis and vascular development require the participation of various cytokines and signaling pathways, the most important of which include VEGF/VEGFR pathway, Ang/Tie pathway, Ephrins/Eph pathway, and Notch/Jagged1 pathway. These cytokines and signaling pathways play important roles in pulmonary vascular development.
First-Order Magnetic Transitions in (Fe, Mn)≥2As (1969)

First-order Fi→AF transitions, with increasing temperature, have been observed in the system Fea−xMnxAs when a=2.00 to 2.35. The transition temperature, Ts, is strongly dependent on the Mn/Fe ratio and can be set over the range &lt;273° to 345°K. Similar transitions, recently reported for Fe1.95−xMnxAs, are limited to Ts&lt;153°K. The transition, which involves no change in the P4/nmm crystal symmetry, is accompanied by a discontinuous decrease in crystal volume with increasing temperature. Saturation magnetization, σ, ΔV/V, and field coefficients, dH/dT, were measured. Typical properties when Ts=286°K are: σ=14 emu/g, ΔV/V=0.58%, dH/dT=3680 Oe/deg, dP/dT (calc)=60 atm/deg, ΔS (calc)=0.23 cal/mole deg. Measurements of σ vs H, parallel and perpendicular to c, the tetragonal axis, show the basal plane to be the preferred direction of magnetization with anisotropy fields near 36 000 Oe. The magnitude of σ, and its unusual temperature dependence, indicate ferrimagnetic ordering in the low-temperature state.
Miniemulsion polymerization of styrene: Evolution of the particle size distribution (1995)

Abstract The mechanism of the miniemulsion polymerization of styrene was investiaged through a combination of calorimetry to monitor the polymerization rate and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to follow the evolution of the particle size distribution. These techniques proved to be a powerful combination for gaining detailed mechanistic information regarding these polymerizations. Particle size analysis of the latexes withdrawn during the course of the reaction revealed that most of the polymer particles were formed by a relatively low conversion (i.e., 10% conversion). However, nucleation continued well past this point (to 40‐60% conversion). In fact, it was observed that nucleation in miniemulsion polymerizations using cetyl alcohol continued past the maximum in the rate of polymerization. As a result of these long nucleation periods, the latex particle size distributions produced from these miniemulsion polymerizations were broader than their conventional emulsion polymerization counterparts, and were negatively skewed with a tail of small particles. The amount of negative skewing of the particle size distributions was found to decrease with increasing initiator (potassium persulfate) concentration. Finally, a correlation was observed between the length of time to the maximum polymerization rate and the breadth of the particle size distribution as reflected in the standard deviation. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Pattern-Based Data Hiding for Binary Image Authentication by Connectivity-Preserving (2007)

In this paper, a novel blind data hiding method for binary images authentication aims at preserving the connectivity of pixels in a local neighborhood is proposed. The "flippability" of a pixel is determined by imposing three transition criteria in a 3 times 3 moving window centered at the pixel. The "embeddability" of a block is invariant in the watermark embedding process, hence the watermark can be extracted without referring to the original image. The "uneven embeddability" of the host image is handled by embedding the watermark only in those "embeddable" blocks. The locations are chosen in such a way that the visual quality of the watermarked image is guaranteed. Different types of blocks are studied and their abilities to increase the capacity are compared. The problem of how to locate the "embeddable" pixels in a block for different block schemes is addressed which facilitates the incorporation of the cryptographic signature as the hard authenticator watermark to ensure integrity and authenticity of the image. Discussions on the security considerations, visual quality against capacity, counter measures against steganalysis and analysis of the computational load are provided. Comparisons with prior methods show superiority of the proposed scheme