gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Celebrating Risk: The Politics of Self-Branding, Transgression and Resistance in Public Health (2015)

Persons ‘branded’ as dangerous to the public’s health often try to hide their status (as smokers, as HIV positive, etc). Yet, a small but growing subgroup has re-appropriated stigma symbols and voluntarily branded themselves as ‘marked’ individuals, rebellious, transgressive and refusing to be shamed by their status. In this article we examine voluntary branding as acts of resistance, paying particular attention to bodily practices that disrupt dominant aesthetic and moral/political sensibilities. We draw on our research and observations in the realms of smoking and bareback sex to illustrate and address broader issues of branding the self, aesthetics and the politics of resistance, surveillance, and transgression. Drawing on the work of Goffman, Bourdieu and Foucault, we examine the interpenetration of class, physical and social capital, and unequal social relations. While these works are often used to celebrate resistance, we argue, following Fiske, that it should not be romanticized as inherently liberating. Key Words: Body, Branding, Identity, Public Health, Resistance, Skin, Stigma
Minimum-Time Trajectory Optimization of Low-Thrust Earth-Orbit Transfers with Eclipsing (2016)

The problem of determining high-accuracy minimum-time Earth-orbit transfers using low-thrust propulsion with eclipsing is considered. The orbit transfer problem is posed as a multiple-phase optimal control problem where the spacecraft can thrust only during phases where it has line of sight to the sun. Event constraints, based on the geometry of a penumbra shadow region, are enforced between the phases and determine the amount of time spent in an eclipse. An initial guess generation method is developed that constructs a useful guess by solving a series of single-phase optimal control problems and analyzing the resulting trajectory to approximate where the spacecraft enters and exits the Earth’s shadow. The single-phase and multiple-phase optimal control problems are solved using an adaptive Legendre–Gauss–Radau orthogonal collocation method. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach developed in this research, optimal transfer trajectories are computed for two Earth-orbit transfers found in the literature. In addition to the two comparison cases studied, a separate Earth-orbit transfer is examined, and solutions are presented for four different departures dates.
Effect of trigonelline on fertility in female rats (2009)

Antidiabetic activity of trigonelline and antifertility activity of fenugreek seeds have been reported. However, the effect of trigonelline on fertility is not reported. The aim of the study was to determine the estrogenic activity of trigonelline (75 mg/kg) as well as its effect on fertility in rats. The estrogenic activity was assessed by the vaginal cornification method. Trigonelline was administered on days 1–7 of pregnancy. The animals were anesthetized and laprotomy was carried out on day 10. The number of implantation sites was counted. The wound was sutured and animals were allowed to recover. The number of pups born after 21 days was counted. Trigonelline was safe up to dose of 5000 mg/kg orally. Trigonelline (75 mg/kg) did not alter the estrous cycle of rats. Nonsignificant difference in the number of implants and pups born was observed in the trigonelline group compared to the control group. The lack of abortifacient activity or teratogenicity confirms the safety of trigonelline during pregnancy in rats. Key words: Trigonelline, implantation, antidiabetic
Enterochromaffin cells of the digestive system: cellular source of guanylin, a guanylate cyclase-activating peptide. (1994)

Guanylin, a bioactive peptide, has recently been isolated from the intestine; this peptide activates intestinal guanylate cyclase (i.e., guanylate cyclase C) and thus is potentially involved in the regulation of water/electrolyte transport in the gastrointestinal mucosa. As yet, the cells involved in synthesis, storage, or secretion of guanylin have not been identified by immunocytochemistry. We raised antisera against guanylin and investigated the entire gastrointestinal tract of guinea pigs by light and electron microscopical immunocytochemistry. Extracts of various intestinal segments and plasma analyzed on a Western blot revealed a peptide band corresponding to the molecular mass of guanylin. Localization studies in the entire digestive tract showed that guanylin is exclusively confined to enterochromaffin (EC) cells. Remarkably, most EC cells contacted the gut lumen by cell processes that were highly immunoreactive for guanylin. In addition to the well known secretion in an endocrine fashion, EC cells by circumstantial evidence may release guanylin into the gut lumen to activate guanylate cyclase C that is immediately located on the brush border of adjacent enterocytes. The unique localization of guanylin in EC cells may indicate that these cells are involved in the regulation of fluid secretion in the gastrointestinal mucous membrane.
Sialadenitis histologically resembling Sjögren syndrome in mice transgenic for hepatitis C virus envelope genes (1997)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a major causative agent of non-A, non-B chronic hepatitis, is also suggested to be associated with extrahepatic manifestations such as mixed cryoglobulinemia and glomerulonephritis. Two independent lines of transgenic mice carrying the HCV envelope genes have been shown previously to express the HCV envelope proteins in organs, including the liver and salivary glands, which results in no pathological changes in the liver. Further analysis of these animals now has revealed that they develop an exocrinopathy involving the salivary and lachrymal glands. This pathology resembles Sjogren syndrome, which also is suggested to have a possible association with chronic hepatitis C. These observations suggest that HCV might be involved in the pathogenesis of sialadenitis in humans and that this transgenic mouse system would be a good animal model for the study of HCV infection.
Experimental study of a focused ion beam probe size and comparison with theory (1991)

A study has been made to compare theoretical predictions of the performance of an optical column using a liquid metal ion source with experiment. Rather than estimating the beam size by calculating disks of confusion due to the chromatic and spherical aberrations, calculations of the current density profile were carried out using a new method which determines trajectories between object and image planes using the geometrical aberration theory. The trajectories are then used to find the current density which was then integrated to simulate the beam passing over a knife edge, so the rise distance could be estimated. It is shown that the focus conditions for optimum resolution of the beam may differ significantly from the conditions which optimize the rise distance of the beam. An experiment was then carried out to measure the actual rise distance for a variety of operating conditions of the actual ion gun. Good agreement was found between experiment and calculation.
Asymmetrical pulse-width-modulated resonant DC/DC converter topologies (1996)

This paper presents asymmetrical pulse-width-modulated (APWM) DC/DC resonant converter topologies that exhibit near-zero switching losses while operating at constant and very high frequencies. The converters include a bridged chopper to convert the DC input voltage to a high-frequency unidirectional AC voltage, which in turn is fed to a high-frequency transformer through a resonant circuit. The bridged chopper has two switches that alternately conduct. The duty cycles of the conduction of the switches are complementary with one another and are varied to control the output voltage. Three resonant circuit configurations suitable for this type of control are presented. Frequency domain analysis of the converter is given, and performance characteristics are presented. Experimental results for a 48-5 V, 30 W converter show an efficiency of 88% at a constant operating frequency of 1 MHz.
Digital Hardware Testing: Transistor-Level Fault Modeling and Testing (1992)

From the Publisher:
Digital Hardware Testing presents realistic transistor-level fault models and testing methods for all types of circuits. The discussion details design-for-testability and built-in self-test methods, with coverage of boundary scan and emerging technologies such as partial scan, cross check, and circular self-test-path.
Decentralized and Recursive Identification for Cooperative Manipulation of Unknown Rigid Body with Local Measurements (2017)

This paper proposes a fully decentralized and recursive approach to online identification of unknown kinematic and dynamic parameters for cooperative manipulation of a rigid body based on commonly used local measurements. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper addressing the identification problem for 3D rigid body cooperative manipulation, though the approach proposed here applies to the 2D case as well. In this work, we derive truly linear observation models for kinematic and dynamic unknowns whose state-dependent uncertainties can be exactly evaluated. Dynamic consensus in different coordinates and a filter for dual quaternion are developed with which the identification problem can be solved in a distributed way. It can be seen that in our approach all unknowns to be identified are time-invariant constants. Finally, we provide numerical simulation results to illustrate the efficacy of our approach indicating that it can be used for online identification and adaptive control of rigid body cooperative manipulation.
Social activity indicators for groupware (1996)

Suppose you're a member of a few development teams, working with people who are geographically dispersed. You're using distributed groupware to work with your team mates. How do you decide when to work on a project and when to ignore requests to work on a project, when there are enough users on the groupware system to bother using it, who is available to answer a question, and which applications should get the most real estate on your screen? To help answer these questions, distributed groupware systems must indicate something about the social world they represent-who is on the system and what they are doing. User interfaces for groupware (or computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) applications) must therefore convey social information. It's energizing to know, for example, that your team mates are busy working away on a project. And it's nice to know when your friends or colleagues are available on a chat system. You might not need to know the semantics of the messages or documents involved, just that some activity is occurring. This is true for systems used by work groups as well as those used by an organization or a community of users. We think such social indicators should be a standard part of the CSCW user interface. On the basis of social psychology theory, we believe that a class of social indicator, which we call social activity indicators, is a simple, powerful way to improve user-interface functionality. Furthermore, social activity indicators are easy to build.
Core–Shell Nanoreactors for Efficient Aqueous Biphasic Catalysis (2014)

Water-borne phosphine-functionalized core-cross-linked micelles (CCM) consisting of a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell were obtained as stable latexes by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) in water in a one-pot, three-step process. Initial homogeneous aqueous-phase copolymerization of methacrylic acid (MAA) and poly(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate (PEOMA) is followed by copolymerization of styrene (S) and 4-diphenylphosphinostyrene (DPPS), yielding P(MAA-co-PEOMA)-b-P(S-co-DPPS) amphiphilic block copolymer micelles (M) by polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA), and final micellar cross-linking with a mixture of S and diethylene glycol dimethacrylate. The CCM were characterized by dynamic light scattering and NMR spectroscopy to evaluate size, dispersity, stability, and the swelling ability of various organic substrates. Coordination of [Rh(acac)(CO)2 ] (acac=acetylacetonate) to the core-confined phosphine groups was rapid and quantitative. The CCM and M latexes were then used, in combination with [Rh(acac)(CO)2 ], to catalyze the aqueous biphasic hydroformylation of 1-octene, in which they showed high activity, recyclability, protection of the activated Rh center by the polymer scaffold, and low Rh leaching. The CCM latex gave slightly lower catalytic activity but significantly less Rh leaching than the M latex. A control experiment conducted in the presence of the sulfoxantphos ligand pointed to the action of the CCM as catalytic nanoreactors with substrate and product transport into and out of the polymer core, rather than as a surfactant in interfacial catalysis.
Roles of protein kinase A and C in spontaneous maturation and in forskolin or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine maintained meiotic arrest of bovine oocytes (1996)

Four hypotheses were tested using isolated bovine oocytes. (1) Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) or denuded oocytes (DOs) were cultured with the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, H-89, to test if meiotic arrest induced by forskolin or IBMX was due to cAMP-stimulated PKA activity or nonspecific effects of these cAMP elevators. (2) COCs were cultured with a protein kinase C (PKC) stimulator (PDD beta) or inhibitor (GF109203x) to test if PKC modulation altered oocyte maturation. (3) COCs were prestimulated for 15 min with (a) PDD beta followed by cotreatment with forskolin, or (b) with H-89 or H-7 followed by cotreatment with GF109203x, to test for interaction between the PKA and PKC signal transduction pathways. (4) H-89 was added to spontaneously maturing COCs at intervals of 0-18 hr to test if H-89 interfered with the transition between meiosis I and II. The results were as follows: H-89 interfered with forskolin or IBMX arrested oocytes in dose-response manner (IBMX ED50 = 41 microM for COCs; forskolin ED50 = 9 microM for denuded oocytes). Prestimulation with PKC induced meiotic resumption in COCs in spite of the presence of forskolin [PDD beta followed by PDD beta + forskolin: 41-47% germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes; forskolin alone: 90-95% GV], while PKC inhibition induced meiotic arrest to a similar extent as forskolin (GF109203x, 85% GV; forskolin, 67-80% GV). Additionally, pretreatment of COCs with H-89 interfered with GF109203x induced arrest (41% vs. 90% GV, respectively). Finally, H-89 interfered with the timely progression of COCs from meiosis I and II. These results indicate that the PKA and PKC pathways can modulate the maturation of bovine oocytes in vitro.
Not Asked and Not Answered: Multiple Imputation for Multiple Surveys: Rejoinder (1998)

Andrew Gelman, Gary King, Chuanhai Liu, Not Asked and Not Answered: Multiple Imputation for Multiple Surveys: Rejoinder, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 93, No. 443 (Sep., 1998), pp. 869-874
Dynamic duplicate deferral techniques for redundant Wi-Fi networks (2014)

Wireless communications suffer from disturbance and interference, which prevent reliable data exchanges and preclude their adoption in the real-time applications found at the lower levels of factory automation systems. This is particularly true for Wi-Fi, for which mechanisms like channel hopping and blacklisting are not available. Several solutions were defined in the past few years, which range from the adoption of general-purpose redundancy protocols over conventional communication equipment to proposals like Wi-Red, which offers link-level redundancy. In this paper, an enhancement is presented for the latter solution, which achieves better performance by deferring transmission of duplicate frames. The net effect is a sort of load balancing between wireless channels, which reduces network traffic and increases reliability further.
Totalitarian Abortion Law Requires Conscientious Disobedience (2008)

A new bill passed by the state of Victoria treats the abortion of a foetus up to 24 weeks as an elective surgical procedure and forces all health professionals to conform, regardless of their religious or moral objections. The author argues that the Catholic hospitals and conscientious health professionals opposed to abortion on demand are well justified in taking their stand against an unjust law which carries the hallmarks of totalitarianism.
EB-testing-pad method and its evaluation by actual devices (2002)

A practical EB-testing-pad method, that enables higher observability of multi-level wiring LSIs without any increase of chip size, has been evaluated by using actual 0.25-/spl mu/m SIMOX/CMOS devices. First, an 80 k-gate logic LSI with testing pads was developed, and it was proved that observability improves from 17% to 87%. Next, two kinds of gate-chain TEGs (test element groups), one with and one without testing pads were developed to investigate the influence of testing pads on gate delay. It was found that the circuit delay increase due to the pads is very small, less than 4%. It was also found that capacitances from neighboring wires will increase only by at most 2% due to the testing pads. Thus, the testing pad method has been proved to be sufficiently practical as a design method suitable for failure analysis.
Aberrant Hedgehog Ligands Induce Progressive Pancreatic Fibrosis by Paracrine Activation of Myofibroblasts and Ductular Cells in Transgenic Zebrafish (2011)

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is frequently up-regulated in fibrogenic pancreatic diseases including chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Although recent series suggest exclusive paracrine activation of stromal cells by Hh ligands from epithelial components, debates still exist on how Hh signaling works in pathologic conditions. To explore how Hh signaling affects the pancreas, we investigated transgenic phenotypes in zebrafish that over-express either Indian Hh or Sonic Hh along with green fluorescence protein (GFP) to enable real-time observation, or GFP alone as control, at the ptf1a domain. Transgenic embryos and zebrafish were serially followed for transgenic phenotypes, and investigated using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. Over-expression of Ihh or Shh reveals virtually identical phenotypes. Hh induces morphologic changes in a developing pancreas without derangement in acinar differentiation. In older zebrafish, Hh induces progressive pancreatic fibrosis intermingled with proliferating ductular structures, which is accompanied by the destruction of the acinar structures. Both myofibroblasts and ductular are activated and proliferated by paracrine Hh signaling, showing restricted expression of Hh downstream components including Patched1 (Ptc1), Smoothened (Smo), and Gli1/2 in those Hh-responsive cells. Hh ligands induce matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), especially MMP9 in all Hh-responsive cells, and transform growth factor-ß1 (TGFß1) only in ductular cells. Aberrant Hh over-expression, however, does not induce pancreatic tumors. On treatment with inhibitors, embryonic phenotypes are reversed by either cyclopamine or Hedgehog Primary Inhibitor-4 (HPI-4). Pancreatic fibrosis is only prevented by HPI-4. Our study provides strong evidence of Hh signaling which induces pancreatic fibrosis through paracrine activation of Hh-responsive cells in vivo. Induction of MMPs and TGFß1 by Hh signaling expands on the current understanding of how Hh signaling affects fibrosis and tumorigenesis. These transgenic models will be a valuable platform in exploring the mechanism of fibrogenic pancreatic diseases which are induced by Hh signaling activation.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyrroloindolines by a Formal [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction (2010)

(R)-BINOL·SnCl(4) was found to catalyze a formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction between C(3)-substituted indoles and 2-amidoacrylates to provide pyrroloindolines. A variety of pyrroloindolines were prepared with high enantioselectivity in one step from simple precursors. This methodology is expected to facilitate the total synthesis of pyrroloindoline alkaloids, an important class of biologically active natural products.
Optimal a Posteriori Parameter Choice for Tikhonov Regularization for Solving Nonlinear Ill-Posed Problems (1993)

The authors propose an a-posteriors strategy for choosing the regularization parameter in Tikhonov regularization for solving nonlinear ill-posed problems and show that under certain conditions, the convergence rate obtained with this strategy is optimal. As a by-product, a new stability estimate for the regularized solutions is given which applies to a class of parameter identification problems. The authors compare the parameter choice strategy with Morozov’s Discrepancy Principle. Finally, numerical results are presented.
Synthesis of Quinazolino[3,2-d]-1,4-benzodiazepin-6,9(5H,7H)-diones (1985)

Nitmphenyl)-3,I-benzoxarin-4-one 3 was elaborated in two ways to afford the
Synthesis of Chain End Functionalized Multiple Hydrogen Bonded Polystyrenes and Poly(alkyl acrylates) Using Controlled Radical Polymerization (2004)

Hydrogen bonding uracil functionalized polystyrenes and poly(alkyl acrylate)s were synthesized via stable free radical polymerization. Quantitative chain end functionalization was achieved using novel uracil containing TEMPO- and DEPN-based alkoxyamine unimolecular initiators. Polymerizations were conducted at 130 °C and yielded functionalized homopolymers with narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn ∼ 1.20) and predictable molecular weights. Polymerizations of both n-butyl acrylate and styrene using the DEPN- and TEMPO-based alkoxyamines resulted in molecular weight control over a wide range of conversions. Terminal functionalization of poly(alkyl acrylate)s with hydrogen bonding groups increased the melt viscosity at temperatures below 80 °C, which was defined as the dissociation temperature, and as expected, the viscosity approached that of the nonfunctional analogues above this temperature. The hydrogen bonding effect was also evident in thermal (DSC) analysis and 1H NMR spectroscopic investigations, and low molar mass polystyrenes exhibited glass transition temperatures that were consistent with a higher apparent molar mass. 1H NMR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of a single hydrogen bonding group at the chain terminus, which was consistent with a well-defined initiation process for two families of novel alkoxyamines.
Imaging inflammation of the pancreatic islets in type 1 diabetes (2004)

Type 1 diabetes is the clinical manifestation of aberrant leukocytic infiltration of the pancreatic islets; it is usually diagnosed only very late in disease progression, after the critical autoimmune phenomena have mostly played out. A noninvasive means of directly monitoring the evolution of islet infiltrates would have important research and clinical applications. We have exploited fluorescence and MRI of long-circulating magnetofluorescent nanoparticles to visualize micro-vascular leakage, as an indicator of inflammation, in pancreata of mouse models of type 1 diabetes ex vivo or in vivo. We could detect the onset and evolution of insulitis in vivo and in real time, permitting us to study the natural history of diabetes in individual animals.