gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on Speech Synthesizer Using Distributed System (2010)

Recently portable terminal is received attention by wireless networks and mass capacity ROM. In this result, TTS(Text to Speech) system is inserted to portable terminal. Nevertheless high quality synthesis is difficult in portable terminal, users need high quality synthesis. In this paper, we proposed Distributed TTS (DTTS) that was composed of server and terminal. The DTTS on corpus based speech synthesis can be high quality synthesis. Synthesis system in server that generate optimized speech concatenation information after database search and transmit terminal. Synthesis system in terminal make high quality speech synthesis as low computation using transmitted speech concatenation information from server. The proposed method that can be reducing complexity, smaller power consumption and efficient maintenance.
A Study on the Design Method to Optimize an Impeller of Centrifugal Compressor (2013)

A numerical study was conducted to improve the performance of an impeller of centrifugal compressor. Nine design variables were chosen with constraints. Only meridional contours and blade profile were adjusted. ANN (Artificial Neural Net) was adopted as a main optimization algorithm with PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) in order to reduce the optimization time. At first, ANN was learned and trained with the design variable sets which were obtained using DOE (Design of Experiment). This ANN was continuously improved its accuracy for each generation of which population was one hundred. New design variable set in each generation was selected using a non-gradient based method of PSO in order to obtain the global optimized result. After 7th generation, the prediction difference of efficiency and pressure ratio between ANN and CFD was less than 0.6%. From more than 1,200 design variable sets, a pareto of efficiency versus pressure ratio was obtained and an optimized result was selected based on the multi-objective function. On this optimized impeller, the efficiency and pressure ratio were improved by 1% and 9.3%, respectively.
Overexpression of HvAKT1 improves drought tolerance in barley by regulating root ion homeostasis and ROS and NO signaling (2020)

Potassium (K+) is the major cationic inorganic nutrient utilized for osmotic regulation, cell growth, and enzyme activation in plants. Inwardly rectifying K+ channel 1 (AKT1) is the primary channel for root K+ uptake in plants, but the function of HvAKT1 in barley plants under drought stress has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we conducted evolutionary bioinformatics, biotechnological, electrophysiological, and biochemical assays to explore molecular mechanisms of HvAKT1 in response to drought in barley. The expression of HvAKT1 was significantly up-regulated by drought stress in the roots of XZ5-a drought-tolerant wild barley genotype. We isolated and functionally characterized the plasma membrane-localized HvAKT1 using Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation and Barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing of HvAKT1 in barley. Evolutionary bioinformatics indicated that the K+ selective filter in AKT1 originated from streptophyte algae and is evolutionarily conserved in land plants. Silencing of HvAKT1 resulted in significantly decreased biomass and suppressed K+ uptake in root epidermal cells under drought treatment. Disruption of HvAKT1 decreased root H+ efflux, H+-ATPase activity, and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, but increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production in the roots under drought stress. Furthermore, we observed that overexpression of HvAKT1 improves K+ uptake and increases drought resistance in barley. Our results highlight the importance of HvAKT1 for root K+ uptake and its pleiotropic effects on root H+-ATPase, and H2O2 and NO in response to drought stress, providing new insights into the genetic basis of drought tolerance and K+ nutrition in barley.
Transparent insertion of latency-oblivious logic onto FPGAs (2014)

We present an approach for inserting latency-oblivious functionality into pre-existing FPGA circuits transparently. To ensure transparency — that such modifications do not affect the design's maximum clock frequency — we insert any additional logic post place-and-route, using only the spare resources that were not consumed by the pre-existing circuit. The typical challenge with adding new functionality into existing circuits incrementally is that spare FPGA resources to host this functionality must be located close to the input signals that it requires, in order to minimise the impact of routing delays. In congested designs, however, such co-location is often not possible. We overcome this challenge by using flow techniques to pipeline and route signals from where they originate, potentially in a region of high resource congestion, into a region of low congestion capable of hosting new circuitry, at the expense of latency. We demonstrate and evaluate our approach by augmenting realistic designs with self-monitoring circuitry, which is not sensitive to latency. We report results on circuits operating over 200MHz and show that our insertions have no impact on timing, are 2–4 times faster than compile-time insertion, and incur only a small power overhead.
Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides against the MOR-1 clone alter weight and ingestive responses in rats (1996)

MOR-1 encodes a mu receptor. In an effort to establish the relationship of this cloned opioid receptor with ingestive behavior and analgesia in rats, the present study examined the actions of four antisense oligodeoxynucleotides aimed at exons 1 (AS1), 2 (AS2), 3 (AS3) and 4 (AS4) of the MOR-1 clone, as well as a mismatch antisense sequence (MS1). Rats were administered intracerebroventricular injections (10 micrograms/2 microliters) of each of the oligodeoxynucleotides on days 1, 3 and 5. Body weight and spontaneous food and water intake were monitored daily. In addition, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG)-induced hyperphagia, central Angiotensin II (ANG-II) induced hyperdipsia and central morphine analgesia were examined 24 h following the last antisense injection. AS1, AS2, AS3 and AS4 each significantly reduced body weight (7-17 g), food intake (8-13 g) and water intake (11-23 ml), while the vehicle or MS1 conditions significantly increased weight (9-20 g) and produced smaller reductions (2-4 g) in food intake. None of the AS probes altered the magnitude of either 2DG-induced hyperphagia or ANG-II-induced hyperdipsia. Central morphine analgesia was reduced by pretreatment with AS1 and AS4, but not AS2, AS3 or MS1. The sensitivity of general feeding to all four exons suggest that the receptor responsible for this action is encoded by the MOR-1 clone. The differences between feeding and morphine analgesia raise the possibility that these two actions are mediated through different mu receptor subtypes. Our results also demonstrate the viability of the in vivo antisense technique in modulating opioid-mediated ingestive responses.
A Transformation From the Fibonacci to the Galois NLFSRs (2009)

Conventional nonlinear feedback shift registers (NLFSRs) use the Fibonacci configuration in which the feedback is applied to the last bit only. In this paper, we show how to transform a Fibonacci NLFSR into an equivalent NLFSR in the Galois configuration, in which the feedback can be applied to every bit. Such a transformation can potentially reduce the depth of the circuits implementing feedback functions, thus decreasing the propagation time and increasing the throughput.
The Uracil Breath Test in the Assessment of Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Activity: Pharmacokinetic Relationship between Expired 13CO2 and Plasma [2-13C]Dihydrouracil (2006)

UraBT breath (13)CO(2) pharmacokinetics parallel plasma [2-(13)C]uracil and [2-(13)C]dihydrouracil pharmacokinetics and are an accurate measure of interindividual variation in DPD activity. These pharmacokinetic data further support the future use of the UraBT as a screening test to identify DPD deficiency before 5-fluorouracil-based therapy.
Design, fabrication, and characterization of high-efficiency extreme-ultraviolet diffusers (2004)

As the development of extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) lithography progresses, interest grows in the extension of traditional optical components to the EUV regime. Because of the strong absorption of EUV by most materials and because of its extremely short wavelength, however, it is difficult to implement many components that are commonplace in the longer-wavelength regimes. One such example is the diffuser that is often implemented with ordinary ground glass in the visible light regime. Here we demonstrate the fabrication of reflective EUV diffusers with high efficiency within a controllable bandwidth. Using these techniques, we have fabricated diffusers with efficiencies exceeding 10% within a moderate angular single-sided bandwidth of approximately 0.06 rad.
Venous Microanastomosis with the Unilink System, Sleeve, and Suture Techniques: A Comparative Study in the Rat (1997)

Multiple microvascular anastomotic techniques have been described with varying rates of success. This experimental study presents the results of a comparison of three types of venous microanastomotic techniques: the Unilink system, the sleeve technique, and the suture technique. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats, 40 femoral veins, were used for this study. In vivo observation and microvasculography demonstrated that patency rates between the Unilink system and suture techniques were comparable (p > 0.05) and were significantly superior to the sleeve anastomosis (p < 0.05). The anastomotic time for the sleeve technique was significantly shorter than for the suture technique (p < 0.001). Compared with suture and sleeve anastomoses, the anastomotic time employing the Unilink system was significantly the shortest (p < 0.001). The Unilink system proved to be the fastest method with the highest patency rate. These results suggest that the use of the Unilink system is superior with regard to anastomotic time and patency rate, when compared to suture and sleeve techniques for venous microanastomosis.
Probabilistic diagnostic reasoning: towards improving diagnostic efficiency (2002)

The author describes a new approximation method which can significantly improve the computational efficiency of Bayesian networks. He applies this technique to the diagnosis of acute abdominal pain, with good results. This approach is based on using a reduced set of the model parameters for diagnostic reasoning. The tradeoffs in diagnostic accuracy required to obtain increased computational efficiency (due to the smaller models) are carefully specified using a variety of statistical metrics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ozone Activated Low Temperature Combustion of Propane in a C.S.T.R. (1983)

Abstract The gas phase ozone activated oxidation of propane is investigated in the temperature range 350-530 K by means of thermal analysis and identification of reacting species through the different steady states attained by the system in a continuous stirred tank reactor, System reac-tivities are evaluated in terms of the overall heat release rates measured under steady state conditions. Products are analyzed by means of gas-chromatographic and chemical methods. A negative temperature coefficient of the reaction rate occurs above 485 K. Results indicate that in the investigated temperature range the propane oxidation process is not adequately sustained by propagation steps leading to branching intermediates. Radical-radical reactions of s-propyl peroxy radicals and partly their decomposition products appear to be favoured. The negative temperature coefficient of the reaction rate is caused by the increased rate of ozone thermal decomposition as compared to initiation and propagation reactions with increasing reaction temperatures. The minor differences recorded between propane and n-butane behaviours are also explained on the basis of reaction patterns responsible for the observed product distributions.
Lack of variation in venous tone potentiates vasovagal syncope. (1992)

The venous response was different in the syncopal patients. The lack of response of the peripheral venous circulation to changes in the central circulation may be responsible for triggering the Bezold-Jarisch reflex and malignant vasovagal syncope.
Methylene: A study of the <i>X</i> 3<i>B</i>1 and <i>a</i> 1<i>A</i>1 states by photoelectron spectroscopy of CH−2 and CD−2 (1985)

Photoelectron spectra are reported for the CH2(X̃ 3B1)+e−←CH−2 (X̃ 2B1) and CH2(ã 1A1)+e−←CH−2 (X̃ 2B1) transitions of the methylene and perdeuterated methylene anions, using a new flowing afterglow photoelectron spectrometer with improved energy resolution (11 meV). Rotational relaxation of the ions to ∼300 K and partial vibrational relaxation to &lt;1000 K in the flowing afterglow negative ion source reveal richly structured photoelectron spectra. Detailed rotational band contour analyses yield an electron affinity of 0.652±0.006 eV and a singlet–triplet splitting of 9.00±0.09 kcal/mol for CH2. (See also the following paper by Bunker and Sears.) For CD2, results give an electron affinity of 0.645±0.006 eV and a singlet–triplet splitting of 8.98±0.09 kcal/mol. Deuterium shifts suggest a zero point vibrational contribution of 0.27±0.40 kcal/mol to the observed singlet–triplet splitting, implying a Te value of 8.7±0.5 kcal/mol. Vibrational and partially resolved rotational structure is observed up to ∼9000 cm−1 above the zero point vibrational level of the 3B1 states, revealing a previously unexplored region of the quasilinear potential surface of triplet methylene. Approximately 20 new vibration-rotation energy levels for CH2 and CD2 are measured to a precision of ∼30 cm−1 in the v2=2–7 region (bent molecule numbering). Bending vibrational frequencies in the methylene anions are determined to be 1230±30 cm−1 for CH− and 940±30 cm−1 for CD−2, and the ion equilibrium geometries are bracketed. The measured electron affinity also provides values for the bond strength and heat of formation of CH−2, and the gas phase acidity of CH3. A detailed description of the new flowing afterglow photoelectron spectrometer is given.
Consolidation of Si3N4 by hot isostatic pressing (1979)

Silicon nitride (Si3N4) is being considered for gas turbine engine applications because present-day metallic alloys are rapidly approaching the limits of their temperature capabilities. The present investigation was undertaken to determine the feasibility of producing a sound, dense Si3N4 body without additives, using conventional gas hot-isostatic-pressing techniques and an uncommon hydraulic hot-isostatic-pressing technique. These two hot-isostatic-pressing (HIP) techniques produce much higher pressure (275-413 MN/sq m) than conventional hot-pressing techniques and have the potential of producing large bodies of desirable shapes. Evaluation was based on density measurement, microscopic examination, both optical and electron, and X-ray diffraction analysis.
High-speed on-chip ECC for synergistic fault-tolerance memory chips (1991)

The placement of error-correcting-code (ECC) systems on dynamic-RAM (DRAM) chips poses many practical problems, among which are increased access time and chip size. The authors describe an optimized, self-contained, and self-timed on-chip ECC system embedded in a high-speed 16-Mb DRAM chip. This chip also has redundant word and bit lines. The combination of redundancy and on-chip ECC produces a synergistic effect which results in a major increase in fault tolerance for the hard manufacturing defects. It also improves the reliability of the chip, regardless of manufacturing defects. This improvement is attained with only a 5-ns penalty in access time and an 11% increase in chip size.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Región de control mitocondrial de Diplodus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758), Diplodus vulgaris (Saint-Hilaire, 1817), Diplodus bellottii (Steindachner, 1882) y Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 1758): elementos reguladores y heteroplasmia (2005)

Several species of the genus Diplodus are of high interest to the aquaculture industry. However, a reduced number of molecular markers are available for genetic population studies. In the present study, we investigated the mitochondrial control region in the species D. sargus (L., 1758), D. vulgaris (Saint-Hilaire, 1817), D. bellottii (Steindachner, 1882) and D. annularis (L., 1758). Different conserved regulatory elements were identified. Moreover, a tandem repeat sequence was detected in D. annularis. High levels of heteroplasmy were also found. Secondary structure analysis of the repeat sequence suggests a possible regulatory function.
Group I and Group III metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes provide enhanced neuroprotection (2000)

Neuroprotection by the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) system has been linked to the modulation of both the free radical nitric oxide (NO) and programmed cell death (PCD). Because the cellular mechanisms that ultimately determine neuronal PCD rely upon the independent pathways of genomic DNA degradation, externalization of membrane phosphatidylserine (PS) residues, and the activation of associated cysteine proteases, we investigated the ability of the individual mGluR subtypes to modulate the distinct pathways of NO-induced PCD in primary rat hippocampal neurons. Membrane PS residue externalization occurred within the initial 3 hr after exposure to the NO donors (300 microM SNP or 300 microM NOC-9), preceded genomic DNA fragmentation, and was present in 80 +/- 2% of the neurons within a 24-hr period. NO exposure also led to the rapid induction of both caspase 1-like and caspase 3-like activities that were determined to be necessary, at least in part, for the generation of NO-induced genomic DNA degradation, but distinct from the detrimental effects of intracellular acidification. Yet, only caspase 1-like activity was necessary for the modulation of PS residue externalization. Activation of group I mGluR subtypes utilized an effective, "upstream" mechanism for the inhibition of cysteine protease activity that offered an enhanced level of neuroprotection through both the preservation of genomic DNA integrity and the maintenance of PS membrane asymmetry. Group II and Group III mGluR subtypes maintained DNA integrity and group III mGluR subtypes additionally prevented PS residue externalization through mechanisms that were targeted below the level of caspase activation. Our work elucidates the independent nature of the mGluR subtypes to not only provide discrete levels of protection against neuronal PCD, but also offer robust therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disease.
Nuclear import of hnRNP A1 is mediated by a novel cellular cofactor related to karyopherin-β (1997)

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 contains a sequence, termed M9, that functions as a potent nuclear localization signal (NLS) yet bears no similarity to the well-defined basic class of NLSs. Here, we report the identification of a novel human protein, termed MIP, that binds M9 specifically both in vivo and in vitro yet fails to interact with non-functional M9 point mutants. Of note, the 101 kDa MIP protein bears significant homology to human karyopherin/importin-beta, a protein known to mediate the function of basic NLSs. The in vitro nuclear import of a protein substrate containing the M9 NLS was found to be dependent on provision of the MIP protein in trans. Cytoplasmic microinjection of a truncated form of MIP that retains the M9 binding site blocked the in vivo nuclear import of a substrate containing the M9 NLS yet failed to affect the import of a similar substrate bearing a basic NLS. These data indicate that nuclear import of hnRNP A1 is mediated by a novel cellular import pathway that is distinct from, yet evolutionarily related to, the pathway utilized by basic NLS sequences.
Micelle formation in mixtures of nonionic and anionic detergents (1966)

Abstract This paper describes the effect of a homologous series of polyoxyethylene n‐dodecanols on the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of sodium n‐dodecyl alcohol sulfate as a function of composition of the mixtures and temperature. The CMC of the nonionic component of the mixed micelles is about one‐hundredth of that of the anionic. Only a gradual increase in the CMC values of the mixed micelles above the values of the nonionic components was observed in the composition range of 0舑90 mole % anionic detergent. This is followed by an abrupt transition to the high CMC values of the anionic component. The gradual increase of the CMC values in the range below 90 mole % anionic detergent of n‐dodecanol+ 4 EO exceeds that of the higher homologs containing 7, 23 and 30 ethylene oxide units. It is postulated that the degree of ionic repulsion of the ionic component in mixed micelles is markedly decreased as the proportion of nonionic component reaches a threshold range of 10 mole %. This effect is more pronounced with large ethylene oxide coils operating at the periphery of the micelle core than with short ethylene oxide coils. Thermodynamic data have been included.
Therapeutic approach of human peritoneal carcinomatosis with Dbait in combination with capnoperitoneum: proof of concept (2011)

Dbait are taken up by cancer cells and have a biological activity up to 1 mm depth. Nebulization of the molecule is significantly more effective than conventional lavage. This proof of principle supports the need for clinical studies applying therapeutic capnoperitoneum together with Dbait for treating peritoneal carcinomatosis.
Prevention of osteoporosis and fractures. (1999)

Osteoporosis and low bone density are associated with a risk of fracture as a result of even minimally traumatic events. The estimated lifetime risk of osteoporotic fracture is as high as 50 percent, especially in white and Asian women. The use of caffeine, tobacco and steroids is associated with a decrease in bone density. Cognitive impairment, vision problems and postural instability increase the risk of falling and sustaining a fracture. Medications such as long-acting sedative hypnotics, anticonvulsants and tricyclic antidepressants also increase this risk. Combinations of clinical and radiographic findings can predict fracture risk more effectively than bone densitometry, but often only after the first fracture has occurred. The addition of dietary calcium and/or vitamin D is clearly both cost-effective and significant in reducing the likelihood of fractures. Bisphosphonates reduce fracture risk but at a cost that may be prohibitive for some patients. Estrogen and estrogen-receptor modulators have not been well studied in randomized trials evaluating the reduction of fractures, but they are known to increase bone density. Pharmacologic therapy and the reduction of sensory and environmental hazards can prevent osteoporotic fractures in some patients.
Aicardi‐Goutières syndrome: description of a late onset case (2008)

Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a genetically determined encephalopathy usually inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. The syndrome can be caused by mutations in the AGS1 gene encoding the exonuclease TREX1, or in any of the AGS2, AGS3, or AGS4 genes that encode the three subunits of the human ribonuclease H2 (RNaseH2) complex. Typically, AGS has an early onset, usually manifesting by the age of 4 months. We describe a female infant in whom the onset of the neurological symptoms of AGS occurred after the age of 12 months, and her younger brother who was identified to be affected by AGS at the age of 8 months on the basis of the presence of non-neurological features alone. This paper is important in providing a detailed description of the late-onset presentation of AGS in patients with proven pathogenic mutations and highlights the occurrence of both chilblains and abnormal neuroimaging many months before the onset of neurological features. Our paper also considers the possible value of immunomodulatory therapy in AGS.