gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vortices and Heat Transfer (1997)

Abstract For internal flow the influence of vortices on heat transfer is studied mainly numerically. Laminar channel flows with two types of periodic vortex generators (VGs), transverse ribs and rectangular winglets, are considered. The transverse ribs generate transverse vortices (TVs), and the rectangular winglets at 45° angle of attack generate longitudinal vortices (LVs). Velocity and temperature fields, local and global friction, flow losses, and heat transfer are computed from the full unsteady, three‐dimensional conservation equations. Point comparisons with experimental results are given. For steady flow the TVG configuration strongly influences heat transfer locally, but not globally. The stationary TVs don't provide an additional mechanism for convective thermal energy transport, but cause additional flow losses for their generation. The LVG configuration enhances local and global heat transfer for both steady and unsteady flow. For steady flow the LVs generate swirl which is an additional mode of convective thermal energy transport. When the flow reaches a critical Re‐number, which is more than an order of magnitude lower than the normal transition Re‐number, self‐sustained oscillations set in. They provide an additional heat transfer mode due to “Reynolds” averaged transport which further increases the heat transfer. For the same heat transfer increase the LVG configuration causes only half the flow losses of the TVG configuration. For practical applications, where high heat transfer and low flow losses are important, LVG configurations are better suited than TVG configurations.
From Preceramic Polymers with Interpenetrating Networks to SiC/MC Nanocomposites (2000)

The preparation of β-SiC/MC (M = Ti, Nb, and Ta) nanocomposite ceramics by the pyrolysis under an inert atmosphere of precursors consisting in interpenetrating networks of poly[(dimethylsilylene)diacetylene], 1, and polymeric metal oxide is described. The precursors are obtained by in-situ precipitation of the desired metal alkoxide into the organosilicon polymeric matrix. The precursor-to-ceramic conversion involved two critical transformations: (i) the thermal cross-linking of 1 and (ii) the carbothermal reduction of the oxide by the free carbon resulting from the degradation of 1. At 1400 °C, the pure carbides are obtained as nanometer-sized highly crystalline powders. Analyses have shown that both β-SiC and the other metal carbide are present simultaneously in each ceramic particle as discrete phases. All of these results show that we are faced with materials that can be described as nanocomposite ceramics with interpenetrating networks.
Deep Learning for IoT Big Data and Streaming Analytics: A Survey (2018)

In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), an enormous amount of sensing devices collect and/or generate various sensory data over time for a wide range of fields and applications. Based on the nature of the application, these devices will result in big or fast/real-time data streams. Applying analytics over such data streams to discover new information, predict future insights, and make control decisions is a crucial process that makes IoT a worthy paradigm for businesses and a quality-of-life improving technology. In this paper, we provide a thorough overview on using a class of advanced machine learning techniques, namely deep learning (DL), to facilitate the analytics and learning in the IoT domain. We start by articulating IoT data characteristics and identifying two major treatments for IoT data from a machine learning perspective, namely IoT big data analytics and IoT streaming data analytics. We also discuss why DL is a promising approach to achieve the desired analytics in these types of data and applications. The potential of using emerging DL techniques for IoT data analytics are then discussed, and its promises and challenges are introduced. We present a comprehensive background on different DL architectures and algorithms. We also analyze and summarize major reported research attempts that leveraged DL in the IoT domain. The smart IoT devices that have incorporated DL in their intelligence background are also discussed. DL implementation approaches on the fog and cloud centers in support of IoT applications are also surveyed. Finally, we shed light on some challenges and potential directions for future research. At the end of each section, we highlight the lessons learned based on our experiments and review of the recent literature.
A programmable digital signal averager (1980)

A high speed digital signal averager with programmable features for the sampling period, for the number of channels and for the number of sweeps is described. The system implements a stable averaging algorithm (Deadroff and Trimble 1968) to provide a stable, calibrated display. The performance of the instrument has been evaluated for the reduction of random noise and for comb-filter action. Special uses of the instrument as a box-car integrator and as a transient recorder are also indicated.
New Catadioptric Meniscus Systems (1944)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text D. D. Maksutov, "New Catadioptric Meniscus Systems," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 34, 270-284 (1944) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The graph Voronoi diagram with applications (2000)

The Voronoi diagram is a famous structure of computational geometry. We show that there is a straightforward equivalent in graph theory which can be efficiently computed. In particular, we give two algorithms for the computation of graph Voronoi diagrams, prove a lower bound on the problem, and identify cases where the algorithms presented are optimal. The space requirement of a graph Voronoi diagram is modest, since it needs no more space than does the graph itself. The investigation of graph Voronoi diagrams is motivated by many applications and problems on networks that can be easily solved with their help. This includes the computation of nearest facilities, all nearest neighbors and closest pairs, some kind of collision free moving, and anticenters and closest points. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Gene transfer to muscle (1996)

Conference Article| May 01 1996 Gene transfer to muscle G. Dickson G. Dickson 1School of Biological Sciences, Division of Biochemistry, Royal Holloway College - University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Received: November 14 1995 Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1996 Biochemical Society1996 Biochem Soc Trans (1996) 24 (2): 514–519. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0240514 Article history Received: November 14 1995 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation G. Dickson; Gene transfer to muscle. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1996; 24 (2): 514–519. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0240514 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: DMD, Duchenne muscular dystrophy This content is only available as a PDF. © 1996 Biochemical Society1996 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
IRAK4 as a Molecular Target in the Amelioration of Innate Immunity–Related Endotoxic Shock and Acute Liver Injury by Chlorogenic Acid (2014)

Mice lacking the IL-1R-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) are completely resistant to LPS-induced endotoxic disorder or the TLR9 agonist CpG DNA plus d-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury (ALI), whereas wild-type strains succumb. However, translational drugs against sepsis or ALI remain elusive. Lonicerae flos extract is undergoing the clinical trial phase I in LPS-injected healthy human volunteers for sepsis treatment. In the current study, chlorogenic acid (CGA), a major anti-inflammatory constituent of lonicerae flos extract, rescued endotoxic mortality of LPS-intoxicated C57BL/6 mice, as well as ameliorated ALI of LPS/d-galactosamine-challenged C57BL/6 mice. As a mechanism, CGA inhibited various TLR agonist-, IL-1α-, or high-mobility group box-1-stimulated autophosphorylation (activation) of IRAK4 in peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 or C3H/HeJ mice via directly affecting the kinase activity of IRAK4, a proximal signal transducer in the MyD88-mediated innate immunity that enhances transcriptional activity of NF-κB or AP-1. CGA consequently attenuated protein or mRNA levels of NF-κB/AP-1 target genes encoding TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6, and high-mobility group box-1 in vivo under endotoxemia or ALI. Finally, this study suggests IRAK4 as a molecular target of CGA in the treatment of innate immunity-related shock and organ dysfunction following insult of various TLR pathogens from bacteria and viruses.
An algorithm for telemetry decommutation using Bayesian decisions (1970)

Telemetry decommutation algorithm for applying Bayesian decisions to demodulated received bits data
Visualizing NetFlows for security at line speed: the SIFT tool suite (2005)

The first step in improving Internet security is measurement - security events must be made visible. The irony in making this happen is that there is no lack of security measurement data, in fact, quite the opposite. However, making security manifest faces a major challenge: the large volume and multi-dimensional nature of security data typically obscures valuable security events. NCSA has developed a suite of tools that solves this problem and is making this software available to the Internet community.

We present two visualization tools, (1) NVisionIP and (2) VisFlowConnect-IP. Both of these tools have been developed based on system administrator requirements, their design peer-reviewed in security research forums, and usability testing is in process. These tools both present large volume complex data transparently to system administrators in simple intuitive visual interfaces that support human cognitive processes. NVisionIP visually represents the state of all IP addresses on large networks on a single screen window (we use a Class B address space as the default) with capabilities to filter and drill-down to subnets and individual machines for details-on-demand. VisFlowConnect-IP visually represents flows between internal network IP hosts and the Internet showing who is connecting with whom with capabilities to filter and drill-down to subnets and individual machines for details-on-demand. NVisionIP and VisFlowConnect-IP can be used individually or in unison for correlating events. This work is distinguished from others in that these are the first Internet security visualization tools to be freely available on the Internet and deployed in large production environments.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of Collagen Hydration (1962)

The proton resonance signal of water in partially dried tendon shows three peaks for samples equilibrated in an atmosphere of 30%—80% relative humidity (R.H.). The outer-peak splitting (between 0.5 and 1 gauss) has the character of a proton-pair splitting with effective interactions in, or close to, the fiber direction, as concluded from the dependence of the absorption on the angle between the fiber direction and the magnetic field. Chainlike water structures, exhibiting certain proton-reorientation processes, are postulated. At 10% R.H. a narrow peak is observed, which is not angular dependent; this indicates rapid reorientation of water molecules. Above 80%—90% R.H., a single peak is observed, the width of which has a strong angular dependence. A structural relationship between collagen and water exists, by virtue of which the existence of water chains and, possibly, of three-dimensional water structures, could be stabilized.
Upregulation of α<sub>8</sub>β<sub>1</sub>-integrin in cardiac fibroblast by angiotensin II and transforming growth factor-β1 (2001)

Using a novel pharmacological tool with (125)I-echistatin to detect integrins on the cell, we have observed that cardiac fibroblasts harbor five different RGD-binding integrins: alpha(8)beta(1), alpha(3)beta(1), alpha(5)beta(1), alpha(v)beta(1), and alpha(v)beta(3). Stimulation of cardiac fibroblasts by angiotensin II (ANG II) or transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) resulted in an increase of protein and heightening by 50% of the receptor density of alpha(8)beta(1)-integrin. The effect of ANG II was blocked by an AT(1), but not an AT(2), receptor antagonist, or by an anti-TGF-beta1 antibody. ANG II and TGF-beta1 increased fibronectin secretion, smooth muscle alpha-actin synthesis, and formation of actin stress fibers and enhanced attachment of fibroblasts to a fibronectin matrix. The alpha(8)- and beta(1)-subunits were colocalized by immunocytochemistry with vinculin or beta(3)-integrin at focal adhesion sites. These results indicate that alpha(8)beta(1)-integrin is an abundant integrin on rat cardiac fibroblasts. Its positive modulation by ANG II and TGF-beta1 in a myofibroblast-like phenotype suggests the involvement of alpha(8)beta(1)-integrin in extracellular matrix protein deposition and cardiac fibroblast adhesion.
Microbial elicitors of plant defence responses activate transcription of a retrotransposon (1994)

International audience
Exploring the self-assembly of glycopeptides using a diphenylalanine scaffold (2011)

Diphenylalanine, a key building block for organic nanotechnology, forms discrete, rigid and hollow nanotubes that are assembled spontaneously upon their dilution from organic phase into aqueous solution. Here we report the efficient preparation of several S-linked glycosylated diphenylalanine analogues bearing different monosaccharide, di-saccharide and sialic acid residues. The self-assembly studies revealed that these glycopeptides adopted various structures and glycosylation could be a tool to manipulate the self-assembly process. Moreover, the solubility of these analogues was found to be much greater than diphenylalanine, which could open new applications based on these nanostructures.
Improving Wait Times and Patient Satisfaction in Primary Care (2013)

A strong and inverse relationship between patient satisfaction and wait times in ambulatory care settings has been demonstrated. Despite its relevance to key medical practice outcomes, timeliness of care in primary care settings has not been widely studied. The goal of the quality improvement project described here was to increase patient satisfaction by minimizing wait times using the Dartmouth Microsystem Improvement Curriculum (DMIC) framework and the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) improvement process. Following completion of an initial PDSA cycle, significant reductions in mean waiting room and exam room wait times (p = .001 and p = .047, respectively) were observed along with a significant increase in patient satisfaction with waiting room wait time (p = .029). The results support the hypothesis that the DMIC framework and the PDSA method can be applied to improve wait times and patient satisfaction among primary care patients. Furthermore, the pretest-posttest preexperimental study design employed provides a model for sequential repetitive tests of change that can lead to meaningful improvements in the delivery of care and practice performance in a variety of ambulatory care settings over time.
Wild-Type Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Blocks Programmed Cell Death and Release of Cytochrome <i>c</i> but Not the Translocation of Mitochondrial Apoptosis-Inducing Factor to the Nuclei of Human Embryonic Lung Fibroblasts (2000)

Programmed cell death activated by herpes simplex virus 1 mutants can be caspase dependent or independent depending on the nature of the infected cell. The recently discovered mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) on activation is translocated to the nucleus and induces programmed cell death that is caspase independent. To assess the role of AIF and also to assay apoptosis-related events in primary human embryonic lung (HEL) fibroblasts, cells were mock infected or infected with wild-type virus previously shown not to induce apoptosis in continuous lines of primate cells or with the d120 mutant lacking infected cell protein no. 4 (ICP4) and were shown to induce apoptosis in all cell lines tested. Cells exposed to dexamethasone or osmotic shock induced by sorbitol were the positive controls. The results were as follows: (i) AIF was translocated to the nucleus in all infected cell cultures and in cells treated with dexamethasone or sorbitol, but cells infected with the wild type-virus showed no evidence of undergoing programmed death. (ii) Cytochrome c was released from mitochondria of cells infected with the d120 mutant or exposed to dexamethasone or sorbitol but not from mitochondria in cells treated with sorbitol and infected with the wild-type virus. (iii) Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase was cleaved in mock-infected cells exposed to sorbitol or dexamethasone and in cells infected with the d120 mutant but not in either untreated cells infected with wild-type virus or cells exposed to sorbitol and then infected with wild-type virus. In contrast to HEp-2 cells, neither d120 infection nor treatment with dexamethasone or sorbitol caused fragmentation of DNA in HEL fibroblasts. Electron microscopic examination showed chromatin condensation and vacuolization in a fraction of cells infected with d120 but not in wild-type virus-infected cells or cells treated with dexamethasone or sorbitol. We conclude that AIF is translocated to the nucleus in infected cells but apoptosis does not ensue in wild-type-infected cells. HEL fibroblasts infected with the d120 virus exhibit symptoms of classical apoptosis, such as cytochrome c release and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase observed also in cells undergoing caspase 3-dependent programmed cell death in which AIF is either not involved or not a contributory factor.
Design Features of a Positron Tomograph with 2.4 MM Resolution (1980)

A design is presented for a positron tomograph having 2.4 mm spatial resolution. This resolution is achieved by using small plastic scintillators in ten detector rings, the light from the scintillators being transmitted to photomultipliers through optical fibers. By proper arrangement of the fibers the light signals are coded so that only 200 photomultipliers are required for the system. By using 10 rings the sensitivity of the tomograph is increased so that it is better than that of present tomographs having design resolutions of 6 mm.
Functionalization of Silicon Nanowires with Actomyosin Motor Protein for Bioinspired Nanomechanical Applications (2009)

Silicon nanowires (Si-NWs) are functionalized with heavy meromyosin (HMM) and dispersed in aqueous solution. HMM-functionalized Si-NWs (see image) support the linear motion of actin filaments over 100-µm-long distances without any confining physical barrier. The ballistic nature of actomyosin motion on functionalized Si-NWs is qualitatively different from their diffusive motion on two-dimensional substrates.
Genetic instability in human ovarian cancer cell lines. (1994)

We have analyzed the stability of microsatellites in cell lines derived from human ovarian cancers and found that 5 out of 10 of the ovarian tumor cell lines are genetically unstable at the majority of the loci analyzed. In clones and subclones derived serially from one of these cell lines (2774; serous cystadenocarcinoma), a very high proportion of microsatellites distributed in many different regions of the genome change their size in a mercurial fashion. We conclude that genomic instability in ovarian tumors is a dynamic and ongoing process whose high frequency may have been previously underestimated by PCR-based allelotyping of bulk tumor tissue. We have identified the source of the genetic instability in one ovarian tumor as a point mutation (R524P) in the human mismatch-repair gene MSH2 (Salmonella MutS homologue), which has recently been shown to be involved in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Patient 2774 was a 38-year-old heterozygote, and her normal tissue carried both mutant and wild-type alleles of the human MSH2 gene. However the wild-type allele was lost at some point early during tumorigenesis so that DNA isolated either from the patient's ovarian tumor or from the 2774 cell line carries only the mutant allele of the human MSH2 gene. The genetic instability observed in the tumor and cell line DNA, together with the germ-line mutation in a mismatch-repair gene, suggest that the MSH2 gene is involved in the onset and/or progression in a subset of ovarian cancer.
A Facile Method for the Stereoselective Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons Reaction of Aryl Alkyl Ketones. (2002)

Excellent Z or E selectivity was observed in the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) reactions of methyl bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphonoacetate or ethyl 2-fluoro-2-diethylphosphonoacetate with aryl alkyl ketones bearing substituents on an aromatic moiety employing Sn(OSO2CF3)2 in the presence of N-ethylpiperidine.
Evaluation of a dual-arm Archimedean spiral array for microwave hyperthermia (2006)

This device should prove a welcome addition to a currently limited set of superficial heating applicators to provide controllable heating of superficial tissue disease.
Harmonic-stochastic excitation (HSX) speech coding below 4 kbit/s (2002)

This paper presents an algorithm for encoding speech signals at bit rates below 4 kbit/s based on a mixed harmonic and stochastic modeling of the excitation signal. The algorithm uses robust pitch tracking and efficient voicing analysis to determine the ratios of the harmonic and stochastic components. The harmonic component is synthesized using a bank of bandpass filters while the stochastic component is synthesized using inverse STFT with overlap-and-add. Postfiltering is utilized at the decoder to enhance the quality of synthesized speech. A 2.4 kbit/s version of the algorithm was formally tested and the DAM and DRT scores showed that the coder performance is comparable to that of DoD 4.8 kbit/s Federal Standard FS-1016.
Employing Encryption to Secure Consumer Data (2006)

Abstract Businesses have learned that perimeter security is no longer enough to protect critical data, and many are now touting the benefits of encrypting the data held in storage and backup systems. Driven largely by the awareness of security breaches, lawmakers, credit card issuers, and consumers themselves are holding organizations accountable for the protection of personal data. Today, businesses that suffer a security breach in which customer data is lost or stolen face widespread negative publicity, lost business, lawsuits, and fines that can threaten their viability. Although it's easy to immediately think that the storage or backup systems were compromised, it's important to note that, in an analysis of 45 of the reported incidents of data theft that occurred in the first half of 2005, only a small percentage were due to theft or loss of backup tapes. Far more prevalent were incidents in which insiders or outside attackers gained access to sensitive information through application-level attacks — attacks storage-level encryption wouldn't have prevented. This is why it is important for businesses to encrypt data at the Web, application, or database layer. Encrypting data as it enters the business, rather than having it stay in a readable state while it is used in various applications throughout the network, protects that data from both internal and external threats.