gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of H. 264 Video Streaming over Inter-Vehicular 802.11 Ad Hoc Networks (2006)

This paper evaluates the performance of video streaming in inter-vehicular environments using the 802.11 ad hoc network protocol. We performed transmission experiments while driving two cars equipped with 802.11b standard devices in urban and highway scenarios. Different sequences, bitrates and packctization policies have been tested. The experiments show that each scenario presents peculiar characteristics in terms of average link availability and SNR, which can be exploited to develop more efficient applications. In this paper we also determine the best packetization policies for the two scenarios, showing that large packets lead to better performance in the highway scenario and vice versa. Perceptual quality results indicate that the best packetization policy achieves consistent gains in terms of PSNR values (up to 5 dB), and reduced quality variations, with respect to a fixed-policy transmission technique
Application of ordinary least square method in nonlinear models (2007)

using OLS in the nonlinear regression analysis are discussed. Models which are nonlinear in parameters, in sense, that by suitable (log) transformation the models can be made linear in parameters. In this case method of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) has been used for transformed equations. However, it is possible that the stochastic term has different variability related to dependent variable: additive or more random and unpredictable. Depending on the stochastic term variability the nonlinear models can be intrinsically linear (in-parameter) regression models (in the sense that by suitable (log) transformation the models can be made linear in the parameters) and can be intrinsically nonlinear in parameters. If for the linear models and models nonlinear in variables the least-squares criterion of minimization has been applied to initial (original) variables, then for the models nonlinear in parameters the least-squares criterion of minimization it has to be applied to transformed variables, for example LnY. However, the parameters estimation for the transformed models OLS is biased. It means that, although nonlinear models can be transformed into linear regression models and can be estimated by OLS, we have to be careful about the properties of the stochastic residual term that enters these models. As the preceding analysis shows, it is necessary to pay attention to the residual term in transforming a model for regression analysis. Otherwise, a formal application of OLS to the transformed model will not produce a model with correct statistical properties. The examples of the different nonlinear models and the application of OLS are considered, as well the transformed models estimated parameters has been compared.
Syntheses and Some Reactions of Allophanoyl Chlorides<sup>1a</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses and Some Reactions of Allophanoyl Chlorides1aHenri Ulrich, James N. Tilley, and A. A. R. SayighCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 8, 2401–2404Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01031a072https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01031a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views320Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of a Silencer, Enhancer, and Basal Promoter Region in the Human CD95 (Fas/APO-1) Gene (1995)

Genomic clones for the human CD95 (Fas/APO-1) and CD40 genes have been isolated and 2.3 kb of the CD95 and 0.8 kb of the CD40 gene 5'-flanking regions sequenced. Comparisons of the human CD95 gene with the human CD40 and the murine CD40 and TNFR-II genes showed a low degree of sequence similarity. However, dot matrix analyses revealed conservation of two stretches between human CD95 (-387 to -362 and -288 to 261 in CD95) and murine TNFR-II genes. Additionally, TCCTCC motifs are present within 400 bp up-stream of the ATG of all genes examined. Repeated interferon-beta (IFN-beta) silencer B motifs and a lysozyme silencer 1 motif have been found in the CD95 gene at approximately -1,600 and -1,100, respectively. Sequence comparison of the 5'-flanking regions of the murine and human CD40 genes revealed the presence of a conserved AP-4 site and two SP-1 sites. CD95, CD40, and TNFR-II genes all lack classical TATA and CAAT boxes. However, a strongly increased frequency of CpG dinucleotides was found. Primer extension analysis revealed multiple transcriptional start sites in the CD95 gene, where the usage of individual start sites appeared to be cell type-specific. Functional analysis, using reporter constructs and transient transfections, identified a silencer activity residing between nucleotide positions -1,781 and -1007 and a strong enhancer region between -1,007 and -425 in the human CD95 gene. The region between -425 and -1 retained a basal promoter activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The effect of fin conductance on laminar heat transfer characteristics of internally finned tubes (1981)

Abstract An analytical solution for the temperature distribution and Nusselt number during fully developed laminar flow in internally finned tubes is obtained taking into consideration the realistic situation of fins with finite thermal conductivities. Axially uniform heat flux and circumferentially uniform temperature are assumed at the outer surface of the tube. For any tube geometry, it was found that the heat transfer characteristics are influenced by a single parameter K , which is directly related to the angle subtended by the fin, and the thermal conductivities of the fluid and the fin material. Nusselt numbers corresponding to different values of K are presented for a range of tube geometries
Coherent optical CDMA (OCDMA) systems used for high-capacity optical fiber networks-system description, OTDMA comparison, and OCDMA/WDMA networking (2000)

As the wavelength resource in mainstream wavelength-division multiple-access (WDMA) systems becomes exhausted, and the bit-rate limitation within a single wavelength bandwidth is reached, alternative approaches to implementing a high-capacity optical fiber network need to be investigated. Coherent optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) systems, that can access many users simultaneously and asynchronously (or synchronously) across the single wavelength and same timeslot via spread spectrum techniques, are one alternative. In the longer term, the advantages of OCDMA in tandem with WDMA (OCDMA/WDMA) networks are compelling and worthy of further investigation in the goal of realising an extensive, flexible, high throughput and easily managed optical telecommunication infrastructure. In this paper, coherent OCDMA systems are introduced, and the issues of the system implementation within high-capacity optical fiber networks are discussed. A performance comparison between OCDMA and OTDMA systems is then carried out, both of them using narrow pulse laser sources. An optical fiber network utilizing coherent OCDMA techniques as one layer of a multiplexing hierarchy, in tandem with WDMA, is illustrated and a possible hybrid OCDMA/WDMA network architecture (and its performances and advantages) is described.
Forward modelling to understand colour responses in an HDFD RGB blend around a gas discovery (2014)

Nicholas Cooke, Peter Szafian, Robert Gruenwald and Lothar Schuler present a modelling technique to understand the colour response from an HDFD blend above and below a known gas water contact of a proven gas accumulation in the Sofala Concession.
3-Mercapto-2-methylpentan-1-ol, a New Powerful Aroma Compound (2000)

3-Mercapto-2-methylpentan-1-ol was first detected in a complex thermally processed flavor and finally isolated from raw onions. The chemical structure of this new compound was identified by MS and (1)H NMR measurement and synthesis of the proposed structure. Sensory evaluation at different concentrations indicated that the flavor quality is strongly dependent on concentration. At low concentration (0.5 ppb) a pleasant meat broth, sweaty, onion, and leek-like odor can be perceived. On the basis of some isolation experiments and volatiles occurring in raw onions, a formation pathway is proposed. As one intermediate 3-mercapto-2-methylpentanal, another new strong flavor compound, was suggested. The presence of this compound in raw onions was confirmed by synthesis and comparison of MS and chromatographic data.
Using a hash-based method with transaction trimming for mining association rules (1997)

We examine the issue of mining association rules among items in a large database of sales transactions. Mining association rules means that, given a database of sales transactions, to discover all associations among items such that the presence of some items in a transaction will imply the presence of other items in the same transaction. The mining of association rules can be mapped into the problem of discovering large itemsets where a large itemset is a group of items that appear in a sufficient number of transactions. The problem of discovering large itemsets can be solved by constructing a candidate set of itemsets first, and then, identifying, within this candidate set, these itemsets that meet the large itemset requirement. Generally, this is done iteratively for each large k-itemset in increasing order of k, where a large k-itemset is a large itemset with k items. To determine large itemsets from a huge number of candidate sets in early iterations is usually the dominating factor for the overall data mining performance. To address this issue, we develop an effective algorithm for the candidate set generation. It is a hash-based algorithm and is especially effective for the generation of a candidate set for large 2-itemsets. Explicitly, the number of candidate 2-itemsets generated by the proposed algorithm is, in orders of magnitude, smaller than that by previous methods, thus resolving the performance bottleneck. Note that the generation of smaller candidate sets enables us to effectively trim the transaction database size at a much earlier stage of the iterations, thereby reducing the computational cost for later iterations significantly. The advantage of the proposed algorithm also provides us the opportunity of reducing the amount of disk I/O required. An extensive simulation study is conducted to evaluate performance of the proposed algorithm.
Vanidil: a newly synthesized antiangina nonvolatile organic solid nitrate. (1991)

Newly synthesized Vanidil (4-o-(1,2-dinitroglyceryl)-6-nitrovanillic acid) is a nonvolatile organic solid nitrate, mp: 85 degrees C. In in vitro tests, Vanidil can inhibit 3,4-diaminopyridine (2 x 10(-2) M) induced pig coronary rhythmic vasocontraction, a prelude to coronary vasospasm, and nonrhythmic tonic vasocontraction. Vanidil is suggested as a potential antiangina agent.
Comparison of Isolated Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) Proanthocyanidins to Catechin and Procyanidins A2 and B2 for Use as Standards in the 4-(Dimethylamino)cinnamaldehyde Assay (2012)

The 4-(dimethylamino)cinnamaldehyde (DMAC) assay is currently used to quantify proanthocyanidin (PAC) content in cranberry products. However, this method suffers from issues of accuracy and precision in the analysis and comparison of PAC levels across a broad range of cranberry products. Current use of procyanidin A2 as a standard leads to an underestimation of PACs content in certain cranberry products, especially those containing higher molecular weight PACs. To begin to address the issue of accuracy, a method for the production of a cranberry PAC standard, derived from an extraction of cranberry (c-PAC) press cake, was developed and evaluated. Use of the c-PAC standard to quantify PAC content in cranberry samples resulted in values that were 2.2 times higher than those determined by procyanidin A2. Increased accuracy is critical for estimating PAC content in relationship to research on authenticity, efficacy, and bioactivity, especially in designing clinical trials for determination of putative health benefits.
Research Opportunities in Advanced Aerospace Concepts (2000)

This report is a review of a team effort that focuses on advanced aerospace concepts of the 21st Century. The paper emphasis advanced technologies, rather than cataloging every unusual aircraft that has ever been attempted. To dispel the myth that aerodynamics is a mature science an extensive list of What we cannot do, or do not know was enumerated. A zeit geist, a feeling for the spirit of the times, was developed, based on existing research goals. Technological drivers and the constraints that might influence these technological developments in a future society were also examined. The present status of aeronautics, space exploration, and non-aerospace applications, both military and commercial, including enabling technologies are discussed. A discussion of non-technological issues affecting advanced concepts research is presented. The benefit of using the study of advanced vehicles as a tool to uncover new directions for technology development is often necessary. An appendix is provided containing examples of advanced vehicle configurations currently of interest.
Covalent electropolymerization of glucose oxidase in polypyrrole. Evaluation of methods of pyrrole attachment to glucose oxidase on the performance of electropolymerized glucose sensors (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCovalent electropolymerization of glucose oxidase in polypyrrole. Evaluation of methods of pyrrole attachment to glucose oxidase on the performance of electropolymerized glucose sensorsBernadette F. Y. Yon-Hin, Maria. Smolander, Thomas. Crompton, and Christopher R. LoweCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 15, 2067–2071Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00063a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00063a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views627Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Monoclonal Antibodies to Feline Calicivirus (1989)

We have prepared monoclonal antibodies to the capsid protein of feline calicivirus (FCV). These antibodies are directed against two close but distinct epitopes, only one of which is involved in virus neutralization. We have used these antibodies and immune cat serum in immunoprecipitation and Western blotting experiments and have identified novel proteins in FCV-infected cells which we term P78, P41, P35 and P29. The number and sizes of FCV proteins now known resemble those made by other caliciviruses.
Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α in ulcerative colitis (2007)

Excessively expressed MMP-1 directly damages the colon mucosa by degrading extracellular matrix (ECM) in patients with UC. While damaging colon mucosa, excessively expressed TNF-alpha stimulates MMPs secreting cells to produce more MMP-1 and aggravates the mucosa damage. MMP-1 promotes secretion of TNF-alpha in a positive feedback manner to cause further injury in the colon mucosa. MMP-1 and TNF-alpha correlate well with the severity of the disease, and therefore, can be used clinically as biological markers to judge the severity of UC.
Cloning, sequence determination, and expression of the genes encoding the subunits of the nickel-containing 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin reducing hydrogenase from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum .DELTA.H (1990)

The genes frhA (1217 bp), frhB (845 bp), and frhG (710 bp) encoding the three known subunits, alpha, beta, and gamma, of the 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin (F420) reducing hydrogenase (FRH) from the thermophilic methanogen Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum delta H have been cloned, sequenced, and shown to be tightly linked, indicative of a single transcriptional unit. The DNA sequence contains a fourth open reading frame, designated frhD (476 bp), encoding a polypeptide (delta) that does not copurify with the active enzyme. Expression of the frh gene cluster in Escherichia coli shows that four polypeptides are synthesized. When analyzed by SDS-PAGE, the proteins migrate with mobilities consistent with their calculated molecular weights. In order to understand the mechanism of H2 oxidation by this enzyme, localization of redox cofactors (Ni, Fe/S, FAD) to specific subunits and information on their structure is needed. This has been hindered due to the refractory nature of the enzyme to denaturation methods needed in order to obtain individual subunits with cofactors intact. In this paper we discuss the possible localization of the redox cofactors as implicated from the DNA-derived protein sequences of the subunits. The amino acid sequences of the subunits of the FRH are compared with those of other Ni-containing hydrogenases, including the methyl viologen reducing hydrogenase (MVH) of M. thermoautotrophicum delta H.
Activation of AP-1 and of a nuclear redox factor, Ref-1, in the response of HT29 colon cancer cells to hypoxia. (1994)

Many solid tumors contain substantial fractions of hypoxic cells which are relatively resistant to both radiation therapy and certain cytotoxic drugs. We have previously shown that exposure of human HT29 cells to hypoxic conditions results in the overexpression of certain enzymes involved in the detoxication of xenobiotics, including NAD(P)H:(quinone acceptor) oxidoreductase (DT)-diaphorase, and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, the rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione synthesis. This hypoxic effect on DT-diaphorase was shown to involve both transcriptional induction and altered message stability. We have investigated the effects of hypoxia on elements in the promoter region of DT-diaphorase. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrate the induction of a binding activity to the AP-1 response element of DT-diaphorase. Supershift assays suggest that this binding is due to AP-1 nuclear factors and that members of the jun family are induced to a greater degree than fos by hypoxia. Analysis of the kinetics of transcription factor expression indicates that the expression of c-jun and junD is induced during hypoxic exposure; mRNA levels fall during reoxygenation. Induction of fos on the other hand is not as florid during hypoxia (5-fold) and is most pronounced (17-fold) 24 h after the restoration of an oxic environment. Thus, the hypoxic response of DT-diaphorase expression is mediated in part through AP-1, initially by a jun-related mechanism and then by the involvement of fos. The affinity of transcription factors for the AP-1 binding site depends on the redox state of a cysteine residue located close to the DNA-binding region of both Fos and Jun. A nuclear protein, Ref-1, maintains the reduced state of Fos and Jun and promotes binding to AP-1. Nuclear extracts of HT29 cells exposed to hypoxia show markedly increased Ref-1 protein content. Elevation of ref-1 steady-state mRNA levels occurs as an early event following induction of hypoxia and persists when cells are restored to a normally oxygenated environment. Nuclear run-on analysis demonstrates that induction of transcription is the mechanism of ref-1 mRNA elevation. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and immunodepletion assays were used to further define the interaction of Ref-1 with specific AP-1-binding proteins under hypoxic conditions. These data demonstrate that the induction of detoxicating enzyme expression in HT29 cells exposed to hypoxia results from the induction of both transactivating factors that bind to the AP-1 element and of redox proteins that enhance their affinity for this element.
Quasiparticle spectral function in doped graphene: Electron-electron interaction effects in ARPES (2008)

We calculate the electron self-energy as well as the quasiparticle spectral function in doped graphene, taking into account electron-electron interaction in the leading order dynamically screened Coulomb coupling and electron-impurity interaction associated with quenched disorder. Our theory provides the basis for calculating all one-electron properties of extrinsic graphene. Comparison with existing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements shows broad qualitative and semiquantitative agreement between theory and experiment, for both the momentum-distribution and energy-distribution curves in the measured spectra.
Highly Selective CO<sub>2</sub> Capture in Flexible 3D Coordination Polymer Networks (2009)

Bleib flexibel: 3D-Koordinationspolymere mit flexiblen Säulen (links im Bild) adsorbieren CO2 hoch selektiv gegenüber N2, H2 und CH4 (rechts im Bild), sind bis 300 °C thermisch stabil sowie luft- und wasserbeständig und ermöglichen eine effiziente CO2-Bindung, -Speicherung und -Identifizierung. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.