gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Mobile Mesonet for Finescale Meteorological Observations (1996)

A mobile weather observing system (mobile mesonet) was designed to augment existing meteorological networks in the study of severe local storms and other mesoscale weather phenomena in conjunction with the Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment (VORTEX). Fifteen mobile mesonet units were built, each consisting of meteorological instruments mounted on standard automobiles. for high temporal and spatial resolution observations. While the most accurate measurements are possible from stationary mobile mesonet vehicles, accurate observations also are possible from moving vehicles. The mobile mesonet instruments measure pressure (600–1100 mb), temperature (−33° to 48°C), relative humidity (0%–100%), and wind direction and speed (0°–360° and 0–60 m s−1). Onboard each vehicle, a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and a flux-gate compass obtain universal time, vehicle location (latitude, longitude, altitude), and vehicle heading and speed. A standard laptop computer stores data, computes derived variables, and provides real-time data display. Instrument compatibility with the Oklahoma Mesonet allows for high-quality instrument calibration and maintenance. The purpose of this paper is to provide a technical overview of the mobile mesonet system. The rationale for choice of instrumentation and justification for method of exposure are discussed. The performance of the mobile mesonet is demonstrated with two examples of data collected during VORTEX-1994 and comparisons with data from an Oklahoma Mesenet site.
CNC 조각기를 이용한 옻칠 장신구 개발에 관한 연구 (2011)

개인의 기호가 다양화되고 제품의 질이 높아지면서 디자이너는 좋은 조형미를 갖추고 창조적인 형태를 제작하기 위하여 다변화된 전략이 필요하게 되었다. 이러한 차별화된 디자인 전략은 디자인프로세스의 개발을 적극적으로 활성화시켰고 CAD/CAM의 도입을 자연스럽게 받아들이게 되었다. 아날로그에서 디지털 시대로 넘어오면서 형태를 제작하는 방법은 숙련된 기술을 요구하는 수동적인 모형제작 방식에서 공작기기를 통해 보다 손쉽고 정교한 모형을 제작하는 방식으로 변모하고 있다. 이러한 환경의 변화는 장신구의 제작 발달에도 영향을 주었으며 점차 다른 산업과도 연계되어 첨단화되고 있다. 이는 상업 장신구의 생산 목적만이 아니라 실험적인 조형 형태를 제작하길 원하는 디자이너들에게도 하나의 대안으로 모색되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 3D 프로그램을 이용한 장신구 디자인 개발과 CNC 조각기를 활용한 모형 제작과정을 통하여 보다 차별화되고 정밀한 방식의 형태제작 프로세스를 다루고 있다. 또한 완성된 성형물 위에 옻칠을 함으로써 아름다운 조형미를 갖춘 최종결과물을 얻을 수 있었다. 옻칠은 기계로 생산된 화학소재의 모형 위에 코팅제 역할을 해주는 동시에 형태를 견고하게 만들어주고 색을 통한 심미성까지 표현할 수 있다. 이러한 연구과정은 디지털화된 기계생산 방식의 모형제작과 옻칠이라는 아날로그적 감성의 결합으로 한국적인 전통미를 현대적으로 재창조할 수 있었으며 보다 새로운 디자인 경쟁력의 가능성을 확인할 수 있는 계기가 되었다.
A SEC-BED-DED code with byte plus bit error detection (1994)

A code is presented which is designed to protect a 64 bit word, consisting of 8 bytes of 8 bits each, against both byte errors and single bit errors occurring in computer memories. Two check bytes are appended to give an overall length of 80 bits. The code then provides the often studied SEC-BED-DED level of error protection; that is, single error correction, byte error detection and double error detection are available simultaneously. In addition, the code detects a byte error together with a single random error occurring concurrently in another byte. Some implementation issues such as systematic versus separable encoding are considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Integrated Information Support System (IISS). Volume 5. Common Data Model Subsystem. Part 18. Neutral Data Manipulation Language (NDML) Precompiler Generate Conceptual Schema to External Schema Transform Product Specification (1990)

Abstract : This document establishes the design of Function PRE8, Transform CS/ES, one of the major functions of the Configuration item Precompiler to be built and formally accepted by the ICAM program office.
Transmethylation of a four-coordinate nickel(<scp>i</scp>) monocarbonyl species with methyl iodide (2014)

The reaction of a nickel(<sc>i</sc>) carbonyl species with CH<sub>3</sub>I revealed the formation of (PNP)NiCOCH<sub>3</sub> which differs from its zerovalent congener.
Molecular design of amphotropic materials: influence of oligooxyethylene groups on the mesogenic properties of calamitic liquid crystals (1996)

The syntheses and liquid-crystalline properties of novel oligoethylene glycol derivatives are described. These are amphiphiles and podand-like trimesogens. The hydrophobic sections of the amphiphiles consist of calamitic 4-(5-pentadecyl-l,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 4′-dodecyloxybiphenyl-4-yl or 4-decylphenyl units, which are connected by a hydrophilic 12,13-dihydroxy-l,4,7,10-tetraoxatridecyloxy, 9,10-dihydroxy-l,4,7-trioxadecyloxy, 6,7-dihydroxy-l,4-dioxaheptyloxy or 2,3-dihydroxypropoxy groups. All these amphiphiles contain a 1,2-diol unit. In addition the 12-hydroxy-l,4,7,10-tetraoxadodecyl-, 9-hydroxy-l,4,7-trioxanonyl, 6-hydroxy-l,4-dioxahexyl and 2-hydroxyethoxy derivatives of 4′-dodecyloxybiphenyl are described. These compounds have only a single hydroxy group at their hydrophilic termini. The podand-like trimers consist of three 4′-dodecyloxybiphenyl units which are connected via oligooxyethylene chains with an α, α′,α″-mesitylenetriyl unit. The thermotropic liquid-crystalline properties of these compounds were investigated by polarising microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and, in some cases by X-ray scattering. Most diol derivatives exhibited an SA–SC dimorphism. However, one of the biphenyl derivatives [4-dodecyloxy-4′-(6,7-dihydroxy-l,4-dioxaheptyl)biphenyl] displays another phase instead of the SC phase, probably a phase with a ribbon structure. The liquid-crystalline phases of these diol derivatives were influenced by the addition of protic solvents. Only lamellar phases were found for the biphenyl derivatives. Some thiadiazole derivatives additionally formed lyomesophases consisting of curved aggregates. No thermotropic liquid crystalline properties could be detected for the oligoethylene glycol monoethers without the 1,2-diol group. However, lyotropic liquid-crystalline phases could be induced by the addition of ethylene glycol or formamide. Only those podands with a medium spacer length were thermotropic liquid crystals and no lyotropic mesophases were detected for the podands.
On the Difference Between Orthogonal Matching Pursuit and Orthogonal Least Squares (2007)

Abstract — Greedy algorithms are often used to solve underdetermined inverse problems when the solution is constrained to be sparse, i.e. the solution is only expected to have a relatively small number of non-zero elements. Two different algorithms have been suggested to solve such problems in the signal processing and control community, orthogonal Matching Pursuit and orthogonal Least Squares respectively. In the current literature, there exist a great deal of confusion between the two strategies. For example, the later strategy has often be called orthogonal Matching Pursuit and has repeatedly been “re-discovered ” in several papers. In this communication we try to pull together some of the literature and clarify the difference between the methods. Index Terms — Sparse signal approximation algorithms, orthogonal Matching Pursuit, orthogonal Least Squares I.
Frequency Selection of Sine Wave for Dynamic ADC Test (2010)

The paper deals with determination of an optimum frequency for the time domain and frequency domain ADC testing. Proposed algorithm for selection of test signal frequency fulfills two common requirements. The first requirement is to get maximum quantity of distinct phases of the sampled values which are uniformly distributed between 0 and 2π; the second one is to avoid overlapping of higher harmonic components aliased in the first Nyquist zone. The algorithm was verified using MATLAB simulations and practical measurements.
Ablative optical recording using organic dye-in-polymer thin films: Some mechanistic aspects (1983)

The influence of a number of materials properties and device structure variations on the energy threshold for laser marking of organic dye-in-polymer films has been investigated. Our results indicate that the write-sensitivity of these organic dye-in-polymer optical recording media is strongly dependent on the absorption efficiency of the recording film, the quantum efficiency of generation of thermal energy by the dye and the recording film thickness for films &gt;100 nm. The write-sensitivity is however, not dependent on the glass transition temperature, the surface tension or the melt viscosity of the polymer binder. This independence is attributed to the very rapid nature of the mark formation process. The technological implications of the present work are discussed.
Effect of short follicular phase with follicular maturity on conception outcome. (2003)

The short follicular phase per se reduces fecundity.
A Comparative Study of Underwater Wireless Optical Communication for Three Different Communication Links (2015)

The importance of underwater wireless optical communication has grown recently for applications of underwater observation and sea monitoring systems. This communication technology is expected to play a prominent role in investigating climate changes, prediction of natural disasters, and discovery of natural resources, marine biology in lake, sea and ocean environments. Acoustic technology is mostly used for establishing wireless communication link among divers and ships, or sending long range remote signals. Sound waves travel through water faster than in air, receiving very little attenuation. Due to frequency attenuation characteristic of acoustic waves in water, it is difficult to expand its bandwidth. Acoustic approach cannot achieve high data rate, and also portable communication devices are difficult to be designed at lower cost. So the best option is to go for an underwater optical wireless communication system.
Electromagnetic Simulation Using the FDTD Method (2000)

You can immediately have the power to perform electromagnetic simulation. If you have a fundamental understanding of electromagnetic theory and the knowledge of at least one high-level computer language, you can begin writing simple electromagnetic simulation programs after reading the first chapter of this book. Electromagnetic Simulation Using the FDTD Method describes the power and flexibility of the finite-difference time-domain method as a direct simulation of Maxwell's equations. The FDTD method takes advantage of today's advanced computing power because its computational requirements increase linearly with the size of the simulation problem. This book begins with a simple one-dimensional simulation and progresses to a three-dimensional simulation. Each chapter contains a concise explanation of an essential concept and instruction on its implementation into computer code. Projects that increase in complexity are included, ranging from simulations in free space to propagation in dispersive media. Peripheral topics that are pertinent to time-domain simulation, such as Z-transforms and the discrete Fourier transform, are also covered. Electromagnetic Simulation Using the FDTD Method is written for anyone who would like to learn electromagnetic simulation using the finite-difference time-domain method. Appropriate as both a textbook and for self-study, this tutorial-style book will provide all the background you will need to begin research or other practical work in electromagnetic simulation
Effects of the PAF receptor antagonist UK74505 on local and remote reperfusion injuries following ischaemia of the superior mesenteric artery in the rat (2000)

The effects of the long lasting and potent PAF receptor antagonist UK74505 were assessed on the local and remote injuries following ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R) of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in rats. In a severe model of ischaemia (120 min) and reperfusion (120) injury, in addition to the local and remote increases in vascular permeability and neutrophil accumulation, there was significant tissue haemorrhage, blood neutropenia, systemic hypotension and elevated local and systemic TNF-alpha levels. Post-ischaemic treatment with the selectin blocker fucoidin (10 mg kg(-1)) prevented neutrophil accumulation in tissue and, in consequence, all the local and systemic injuries following severe I/R. Treatment with an optimal dose of UK74505 (1 mg kg(-1)) also reversed local and remote neutrophil accumulation, increases in vascular permeability and intestinal haemorrhage. UK74505 partially inhibited blood neutropenia and reperfusion-induced hypotension. Interestingly, both fucoidin and UK74505 prevented the local, but not systemic, increases of TNF-alpha levels following severe I/R injury, demonstrating an important role of migrating cells for the local production of TNF-alpha. However, the results do not support a role for PAF as an intermediate molecule in the production of systemic TNF-alpha. The beneficial effects of UK74505 and other PAF receptor antagonists in models of I/R injury in animals and the safety of UK74505 use in man warrant further investigations of the use of this drug as preventive measure for I/R injury in humans.
Suppression of adverse angiogenesis in an albumin-based hydrogel for articular cartilage and intervertebral disc regeneration (2010)

An injectable polyethylene glycol-crosslinked albumin gel (AG) supplemented with hyaluronic acid as a matrix for autologous chondrocyte implantation was evaluated with regard to its impact on angiogenesis. Healthy articular cartilage and intervertebral discs (IVD) are devoid of blood vessels, whereas pathological blood vessel formation augments degeneration of both theses tissues. In contrast to human endothelial cells, primary human articular chondrocytes encapsulated in the AG retained their viability. Endothelial cells did not adhere to the gel surface to a significant extent nor did they proliferate in vitro. The AG did not release any diffusible toxic components. Contrary to Matrigel employed as positive control, the AG prevented endothelial chemoinvasion in Transwell filter assays even in the presence of a chemotactic gradient of vascular endothelial growth factor. In ovo, the AG exhibited a barrier function for blood vessels of the chick chorioallantoic membrane. Subcutaneous implantation of human IVD chondrocytes enclosed in the albumin gel into immunodeficient mice revealed a complete lack of angiogenesis inside the gel after two weeks. At the same time, the IVD chondrocytes within the gel remained vital and displayed a characteristic gene expression pattern as judged from aggrecan, collagen type I and type II mRNA levels. In summary, aiming at articular cartilage and IVD regeneration the albumin gel promises to be a beneficial implant matrix for chondrocytes simultaneously exhibiting non-permissive properties for adverse endothelial cells.
[Study on the roles of the expression of bcl-2 and bax in experimental immunological liver injury in rats]. (2005)

The results show that the apoptotic process of hepatocyte accelerates in immunological liver injury, apoptosis may facilitate hepatocyte damage. Effect of iron on the expression of apoptosis regulating proteins have played an important role in apoptosis of immunological hepatic injury.
Fluorine-containing photoreactive polyimide. IV : The dependence of the content of pendant 0-naphthoquinonediazide on the mechanism of photochemical reaction in a novel photoreactive polyimide (1990)

Preparation par polycondensation dans la NMP de quantites equimoleculaires de derive de l'isobenzofurannedione et de derive de l'hexafluoropropane
기계적 합금화한 비정질 Fe50Zr50 분말의 자기특성 (1997)

회전형 볼밀을 이용하여 Ar 분위기에서 기계적 합금화 방법으로 Fe_(50)Zr_(50) 비정질을 제조하고 이들의 구조 및 자기적 성질을 투과전자현미경과 SQUID 자력계를 이용하여 조사하였다. 기계적합금화법으로 제조된 분말로 부터 얻은 제한시야 회절도형은 두개의 인접한 halo ring 도형을 나타내며, 이것은 비정질이 Fe rich 한 비정질과 Zr rich 한 두 비정질로이 공존하기 때문이다. 기계적 합금화한 Fe_(50)Zr_(50) 비정질 분말에서 비정질상의 큐리온도로 부터 추정된 강자성 Fe-Zr계 비정질상의 Fe 조성은 100시간 합금화한 경우 65 at% 로서, 이것은 비정질의 상분리가 일어났기 때문이며, 이 결과는 회절도형의 분석결과와 일치한다. 기계적 합금화한 Fe_(50)Zr_(50) 분말의 스핀파 탄성계수는 100시간 합금화한 경우에는 52.2 meVÅ이고, 200시간 합금화 한 경우에는 63.8 meVÅ으로 합금화시간이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 이것은 200시간 합금화한 경우 부분 결정화에 의하여 α-Fe가 일부 석출하였기 때문이다.
A Comparison and Mapping of Data Distribution Service and High-Level Architecture (2006)

ABSTRACT: The OMG Data-Distribution Service (DDS) is an emerging specification for publish-subscribe datadistribution systems. The purpose of the specification is to provide a common application-level interface that clearly defines the data-distribution service. The specification describes the service using UML, thus providing a platformindependent model that can then be mapped into a variety of concrete platforms and programming languages. DDS attempts to unify the common practice of several existing implementations enumerating and providing formal definitions for the QoS (Quality of Service) settings that can be used to configure the service. In this paper we provide a comparative overview of the data distribution service with respect to high-level architecture. We describe the equivalent terminology and concepts, and highlight the key similarities and differences in the areas of declaration management, object management, data distribution management, ownership management, federation management, and time management. We explore the architectural mapping between HLA and DDS. We develop an outline for translating from one model to the other, and examine the needed supporting transformations and assumptions. We conclude with remarks and observations on building applications that can utilize both HLA and DDS technologies. 1
What is the adequate sampling interval of the ECG signal for heart rate variability analysis in the time domain? (2004)

Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is considered a simple method for investigating neurocardiac regulation. However, measures of HRV may be corrupted by technical artifacts. In order to investigate the consequences of digitization errors on the time domain parameters, HRV measures from model tachograms resampled at different rates were compared. Two 375-element tachograms from human ECG tracings were shifted to a mean of 800 ms and stretched to standard deviations (SD) of 5-120 ms in 5 ms steps. All were resampled at 1-10 ms in 1 ms steps, 10 times repetitively at each interval. The mean, SD, relative accuracy error (RAE) and relative precision error (RPE) were calculated from the mean RR-interval, SD (SDNN), root mean square of successive RR-differences (RMSSD) and the percentage of consecutive RR-interval differences greater than 50 ms (pNN50). The RAE and RPE of the mean heart rate were below 0.1%. In the series with 5 ms SD, the SDNN-RAE exceeded 30% at 10 ms SI, its RPE was lower than 2% all through. Resampling the 15 ms SD tachogram at 1, 2, 4, or 10 ms resulted in RMSSD-RAE of 0.7%, 2.5%, 7.8% and 45.1%, respectively, while its RPE remained below 5%. The pNN50 shows poor accuracy and precision. An ECG sampling interval of 1 ms is recommended for HRV analysis without interpolation in order to get accurate time domain measures even in seriously reduced-variability samples. However, a lower sampling rate may be satisfactory in cases where higher variability is expected.
Optimized transcoding rate selection and packet scheduling for transmitting multiple video streams over a shared channel (2005)

We consider the transmission of multiple video streams from one server to multiple clients over a shared channel. Transcoders are used to dynamically adapt encoded source rates as link capacities vary. We present a closed-form solution for determining optimal values for the transcoded source rates in this case where multiple video streams with independently varying link capacities share time on a channel. We also present a real-time algorithm for optimized packet transmission scheduling and source pruning. Experimental results show gains of 2.5 dB in PSNR when our optimized pruning and scheduling technique is added to a system that uses transcoding, in the case when there is time lag in the control of transcoders. We also show results in which our pruning scheme performs within 1 dB of off-line, R-D optimal pruning.
Prevention and therapy of experimental Escherichia coli infection with monoclonal antibody (1985)

Mouse hybridoma antibody of immunoglobulin class M prepared with live group B meningococci was evaluated for its ability to protect against and treat Escherichia coli infections in a newborn-rat model. In these studies, antibody was administered intraperitoneally and bacteria were administered subcutaneously to avoid introducing the antibody and bacteria to the same site. The activity of this hybridoma antibody was specific; the antibody provided protection against the K-1 strain, but not against the K-92 strain. In addition, the amount of the antibody required for protection was dependent upon the size of bacterial challenge. With an increase of the bacterial inocula from the 100% lethal dose to 10 times the 100% lethal dose there was a threefold increase in the amount of the antibody required for 50% protection. Similarly, therapeutic efficacy of the antibody was also dependent upon the magnitude of bacteremia before therapy. The antibody successfully cleared the bacteremia only when the pretherapy bacterial counts in blood were less than 10(4) CFU/ml. These findings suggest that the monoclonal immunoglobulin M antibody against the capsular polysaccharide of the group B meningococcus may be useful in the prevention and treatment of K-1 E. coli infections.
Automatic detection of fiducial markers in fluoroscopy images for on‐line calibration (2005)

Calibrated C-arm fluoroscopy is used for a variety of medical procedures where objects and anatomical structures need to be located in space. Calibration is often based on imaging a grid of fiducial markers and using the C-arm image's geometrical measurements (radius and center) together with the positions of the markers. An on-line technique is developed to automatically locate the fiducial markers and validated on 97 images. The success rate of the detection algorithm is 96.28% with an average error of 0.46 mm and a standard deviation of 0.32 mm.
Human Cortical Neurons Originate from Radial Glia and Neuron-Restricted Progenitors (2007)

Understanding the molecular and physiological determinants of cortical neuronal progenitor cells is essential for understanding the development of the human brain in health and in disease. We used surface marker fucose N-acetyl lactosamine (LeX) (also known as CD15) to isolate progenitor cells from the cortical ventricular/subventricular zone of human fetal brain at the second trimester of gestation and to study their progeny in vitro. LeX+ cells had typical bipolar morphology, radial orientation, and antigen profiles, characterizing them as a subtype of radial glia (RG) cells. Four complementary experimental techniques (clonal analysis, immunofluorescence, transfection experiments, and patch-clamp recordings) indicated that this subtype of RG generates mainly astrocytes but also a small number of cortical neurons. The neurogenic capabilities of RGs were both region and stage dependent. Present results provide the first direct evidence that RGs in the human cerebral cortex serve as neuronal progenitors. Simultaneously, another progenitor subtype was identified as proliferating cells labeled with neuronal (beta-III-tubulin and doublecortin) but not RG markers [GFAP, vimentin, and BLBP (brain lipid-binding protein)]. Proliferative and antigenic characteristics of these cells suggested their neuron-restricted progenitor status. In summary, our in vitro study suggests that diverse populations of cortical progenitor cells, including multipotent RGs and neuron-restricted progenitors, contribute differentially to cortical neurogenesis at the second trimester of gestation in human cerebral cortex.