gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Analysis of elemental composition (Na/K/Ca) of muscle cells in ischemia in a model of the perfused heart]. (2000)

It has been hypothesized that cardiac ischaemia induces some changes in the cardiac myocyte element. In the present study we analysed whether the imbalance of potassium, sodium and calcium in cardiomyocyte may be coupled with ischaemic conditions, using a perfused heard as a model. Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) of papillary muscle cryosection was employed to examine the intracellular content of elements. Following a 30 min acute ischaemia the intracellular potassium was not changed and sodium was reduced. During a prolonged ischaemia (45 min) [K] loss was shown and [Na] concentration was seen reestablished. These results demonstrate that the active transport of potassium and sodium is possible at the beginning of ischaemia. This suggests that under abaerobic conditions Na-K-ATPase may be functionally coupled with an ATP-sensitive K channel through intracellular messenger, possibly ATP.
Cyclopolymerization studies of diallyl- and tetraallylpiperazinium salts (1996)

The quaternary ammonium salt 1,1-diallyl-4-formylpiperazinium chloride (7) was synthesized in good yields. The monomer (7) on cyclopolymerization in the presence of ammonium persulfate in water solution at 90°C afforded water-soluble polymer (8) having excellent rheological properties. The synthesis of the polymer (8) paves the way for the preparation of a novel class of polymers: dicationic polyelectrolytes (9) and cationic polymer (10) with a basic nitrogen as well as a quaternary nitrogen. Effects of monomer, initiator, and additives concentration were studied. Cyclopolymerization of (7) with 1,1,4,4-tetraallylpiperazinium dichloride (12) gave ion-exchange resins with excellent swelling coefficients. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Design Guidelines (2001)

Abstract This article presents the basic guidelines considered in designing a composite structure, and the basic definitions of terms that apply to composites. It describes the analysis of a composite laminate based on stress-strain relationships, stress-strain load relationships, general load displacement case, and general load case solution. Factors affecting the composite materials properties and allowables of fiber-reinforced polymers are reviewed. The article discusses the process considerations for mold design, such as master model, metal tooling, composite tooling, and tool care. It explains the resin selection in designing the composite for use in a particular application. The article illustrates the various methods that are used to process a composite component, namely, wet lay-up, autoclave, resin transfer molding, and vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding. It provides a discussion on electromagnetic interference shielding, electrostatic discharge protection, metal plating, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance on composite materials.
A vision-based gesture recognition system for human-robot interaction (2009)

The paper describes a gesture recognition system which can effectively recognize static single-hand gestures and be applied in complex environments. The system involves a vocabulary of 20 gestures consisting of Chinese sign language for certain letters and digits. Segmentation based on color learning and normalization based on image moment invariants are used to extract candidate hand regions. Its real-time performance is due to a novel combination of the voting theory and an improved relief algorithm. The module of multiple-region recognition is also added to our system to decrease effects of noise region. The recognition system is now used in our human-robot interaction project.
Manipulating the Near Field With Metamaterials (2004)

New technology is enabling scientists to engineer a class of electromagnetic materials on a scale of much less than a wavelength. The new materials have properties not seen in nature - such as a negative refractive index - which are the key to controlling the near field.
MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions for spin-transfer-torque random access memory (2010)

We illuminate how the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) of MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) is affected by the structure, materials, and fabrication processes. First, we demonstrate a possibility to control detrimental diffusions by separating a step for obtaining a grain-to-grain epitaxy in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB layers from a step for achieving a high exchange-bias field in the pinned layer. A high TMR and large exchange-bias field can be obtained simultaneously by circumventing Mn diffusion and minimizing Ru diffusion during the annealing process at high temperature. Second, we show that the MTJs consisting of CoFeB/ MgO/ CoFeB/ Ru/ ferromagnet (FM), where FM is Co, Ni, NiFe, CoFe, or CoFeB, can provide a reasonably high TMR and decent thermal stability, presumably useful for the memory applications.
Iodine adsorbent poisoning - FY-83 report (1983)

Silver zeolite was exposed to various organics at ambient temperature to measure their effect on the silver zeolite's ability to subsequently adsorb iodine and to desorb the organics at elevated temperatures. The organics examined were alkanes, alkynes, aromatics, ketones, alcohols, and halocarbons (methyl and ethyl based). The reduction in iodine removal efficiency ranged from zero to 96%. Adding additional radicals to the base organic generally had the effect of decreasing the silver zeolite's iodine removal efficiency. During desorption, the concentration of the organic remaining in the silver zeolite versus time was monitored by FT-IR, EDS, and XPS. Halogen desorption was negligible at 300/sup 0/C for three weeks; the data for the non-halogenated organics were fit to rate equations. From these rate equations, Arrhenius activation energies, ranging from 4 to 30 kcal/mol, and A factors, ranging from 4 x 10/sup -1/ to 2 x 10/sup 10/ s/sup -1/, were determined.
Phosphasalen Yttrium Complexes: Highly Active and Stereoselective Initiators for Lactide Polymerization (2012)

Preparation and characterization of three yttrium alkoxide complexes with new phosphasalen ligands are reported. The phosphasalens are analogues of the well-known salen ligands but with iminophosphorane donors replacing the imine functionality. The three yttrium alkoxide complexes show mono- and dinuclear structures in the solid state, depending on the substituents on the ligand. The new ligands and complexes are characterized using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. The complexes are all rapid initiators for lactide polymerization; they show excellent polymerization control on addition of exogeneous alcohol. The mononuclear complex shows extremely rapid rates and a high degree of stereocontrol in rac-lactide polymerization, yielding heterotactic PLA (P(s) of 0.9). The phosphasalens are, therefore, excellent ligands for lactide ring-opening polymerization catalysis showing superior rates and stereocontrol versus salen ligands, which may be related to their excellent donating ability and the high degrees of steric protection they can confer.
Fast and efficient lossless image compression (2002)

A new method gives compression comparable with the JPEG lossless mode, with about five times the speed. FELICS is based on a novel use of two neighboring pixels for both prediction and error modeling. For coding, the authors use single bits, adjusted binary codes, and Golomb or Rice codes. For the latter they present and analyze a provably good method for estimating the single coding parameter.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
'DNA Chips' Under Development For Sequencing Applications (1994)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXT'DNA Chips' Under Development For Sequencing ApplicationsMiniaturized arrays of hundreds or thousands of different DNA fragments may he useful for new form of sequencing technologySTU BORMANCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1994, 72, 23, 24–25Publication Date (Print):June 6, 1994Publication History Published online11 November 2010Published inissue 6 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v072n023.p024https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v072n023.p024newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1994 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views4Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Genetics Get e-Alerts
Infrared Absorption in Some II-VI Compounds Doped with Cr (1970)

The optical absorption spectra of substitutional ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{2+}$ ($3{d}^{4}$) in single crystals of ZnS (cubic and mixed cubic-and-hexagonal), ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, and CdTe have been measured for Cr concentrations of ${10}^{18}$-${10}^{20}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ and at 2, 15, and 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K in the wave-number range $5\ensuremath{\le}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}\ensuremath{\le}30000$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The room-temperature spectrum in the range $500\ensuremath{\le}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}\ensuremath{\le}30000$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ is dominated by a broad absorption band at 5500 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ arising from the $^{5}T_{2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{5}E$ transition. These two levels originate from the crystal-field splitting of the $^{5}D$ free-ion ground state. At helium temperatures distinct lines appear on the low-energy side of the $^{5}T_{2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{5}E_{2}$ absorption band in all samples except for CdTe. These lines are associated with zero-phonon transitions and phonon-assisted transitions. As the temperature is increased, the relative intensities of some of the lines change due to the thermal population of low-lying levels belonging to the orbital ${T}_{2}$ state. In the case of ZnSe these levels have been studied in the far infrared in the range $5\ensuremath{\le}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}\ensuremath{\le}200$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, both with and without a magnetic field. An interpretation of the results is made based on crystal-field theory with a strong, static, Jahn-Teller distortion of $E$ symmetry in the $^{5}T_{2}$ orbital ground state. There is little or no Jahn-Teller effect in the $^{5}E$ orbital excited state. The optical transitions exhibit a strong coupling to $E$-mode phonons of average energy \ensuremath{\sim}70 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$.
A Study of the Transmission Line Properties of Trapped Inverted Microstrip Line. (1974)

Trapped Inverted Microstrip, or TIM, line is a novel transmission line invented for the purpose of reducing the radiation from discontinuities and obtaining reduced line loss compared to conventional microstrip. TIM line also possesses several other useful features and is potentially an attractive transmission line medium for the microwave integrated circuit (MIC) technology. The objective of the study was to determine TIM line's basic transmission line properties and to provide basic design data. The scope included the line impedance and effective dielectric constant as functions of the geometrical parameters, and the characterization of simple discontinuities such as stub junctions, series gaps, impedance steps and mitre bends. It also included the design of a well-matched broad band transition from coaxial line to TIM line. The data generated was also applied to the design of a 3dB branch line hybrid coupler.
Rapid focus reduction neutralization test of influenza A and B viruses in microtiter system (1990)

A rapid neutralization test for influenza A and B viruses was developed. In this method, a 96-well tissue culture plate was used for the preparation of cell monolayers and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining technique was used for the visualization of foci infected with these viruses. In the presence of trypsin and tragacanth gum, clear foci developed 1 day after infection. A linear relationship between virus dilutions and numbers of foci was observed. When neutralizing antibodies in some test sera were assayed, a good correlation was observed between the titers obtained by the focus method and those obtained by the ordinary plaque method. In addition, many serum specimens were investigated by the neutralization test, and it was demonstrated that the test is useful for serological studies of influenza.
Trypsin catalyzed <sup>16</sup>O-to-<sup>18</sup>O exchange for comparative proteomics: Tandem mass spectrometry comparison using MALDI-TOF, ESI-QTOF, and ESI-ion trap mass spectrometers (2003)

Quantitative or comparative proteome analysis was initially performed with 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis with the inherent disadvantages of being biased towards certain proteins and being labor intensive. Alternative mass spectrometry-based approaches in conjunction with gel-free protein/peptide separation have been developed in recent years using various stable isotope labeling techniques. Common to all these techniques is the incorporation, biosynthetically or chemically, of a labeling moiety having either a natural isotope distribution of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, or nitrogen (light form) or being enriched with heavy isotopes like deuterium, (13)C, (18)O, or (15)N, respectively. By mixing equal amounts of a control sample possessing for instance the light form of the label with a heavy-labeled case sample, differentially labeled peptides are detected by mass spectrometric methods and their intensities serve as a means for direct relative protein quantification. While each of the different labeling methods has its advantages and disadvantages, the endoprotease (16)O-to-(18)O catalyzed oxygen exchange at the C-terminal carboxylic acid is extremely promising because of the specificity assured by the enzymatic reaction and the labeling of essentially every protease-derived peptide. We show here that this methodology is applicable to complex biological samples such as a subfraction of human plasma. Furthermore, despite the relatively small mass difference of 4 Da between the two labeled forms, corresponding to the exchange of two oxygen atoms by two (18)O isotopes, it is possible to quantify differentially labeled proteins on an ion trap mass spectrometer with a mass resolution of about 2000 in automated data dependent LC-MS/MS acquisition mode. Post column sample deposition on a MALDI target parallel to on-line ESI-MS/MS enables the analysis of the same compounds by means of ESI- and MALDI-MS/MS. This has the potential to increase the confidence in the quantification results as well as to increase the sequence coverage of potentially interesting proteins by complementary peptide ionization techniques. Additionally the paired y-ion signals in tandem mass spectra of (16)O/(18)O-labeled peptide pairs provide a means to confirm automatic protein identification results or even to assist de novo sequencing of yet unknown proteins.
PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES IN MARINE BIRDS AFFECTED BY THE PRESTIGE'S OIL SPILL IN THE NORTH OF SPAIN (2005)

A total of 2,465 seabirds, mainly common murres (Uria aalge), razorbills (Alca torda), and puffins (Fratercula arctica) that beached in the northwestern part of Spain after the "Prestige" oil spill on 19 November 2002 were examined by pathological methods. Birds were divided into three groups: dead birds with the body covered (group 1) or uncovered (group 2) by oil and birds recovered alive but which died after being treated at a rescue center (group 3). The main gross lesions were severe dehydration and emaciation. Microscopically, hemosiderin deposits, related to cachexia and/or hemolytic anemia, were observed in those birds harboring oil in the intestine. Severe aspergillosis and ulcers in the ventriculus were found only in group 3 birds, probably because of stress associated with attempted rehabilitation at the rescue center. The mild character of the pathological changes suggests that petroleum oil toxicosis causes multiple sublethal changes that have an effect on the ability of the birds to survive at sea, especially weak and young, inexperienced animals. Dehydration and exhaustion seem to be the most likely cause of death.
Recent Advances in Zeolitic Membranes (2018)

Zeolitic membranes have been an active area of research for at least 25 years. Continuous and creative improvements in the materials chemistry of membrane synthesis and in the understanding and predictability of membrane diffusion and separations have been achieved. Activity continues unabated and has increased with the introduction of new compositions such as metal-organic frameworks and other materials to the field. The economics of implementing today's best zeolitic membranes and the achievable improvements in zeolitic membrane systems are approaching commercial attractiveness, but many significant challenges remain as competing membrane technologies are also advanced.
Performance measurement of interpreted, just-in-time compiled, and dynamically compiled executions (1999)

With the increasing popularity of Java, interpreted, just-in-time (JIT) compiled and dynamically compiled executions are becoming a common way for application programs to be executed. As a result, performance profiling tools for these types of executions are in greater demand by program developers. In this thesis, we present techniques for measuring and representing performance data from interpreted, just-in-time and dynamically compiled program executions. Our techniques solve problems related to the unique characteristics of these executions that make performance measurement difficult, namely that there is an interdependence between the interpreter virtual machine program and the application program, and that application program code is transformed at run-time by just-in-time and dynamic compilers. 
Our solution is a representational model for describing performance data that allows for a concrete description of behaviors in interpreted, JIT compiled and dynamically compiled executions. The model is a reference point for what to implement in performance tools that measure these types of executions. An implementation of our model can answer performance questions about specific interactions between the virtual machine and the application program, and it can represent performance data in a language that both an application program developer and a virtual machine developer can understand. The model describes performance data in terms of the different forms of an application program object, describes run-time transformational costs associated with dynamically compiled application code, and correlates performance data collected for one form of an application code object with other forms of the same object. 
To demonstrate our ideas, we implemented a performance tool (Paradyn-J) for interpreted and dynamically compiled Java executions that is based on our model. In two performance tuning studies, we show that performance data that can be easily represented by Paradyn-J provides information that is critical to understanding the performance of an all-interpreted and a dynamically compiled Java execution. With these data we were easily able to determine how to tune the all-interpreted application to improve its performance by a factor of 1.7, and how to tune the performance of a dynamically compiled method to improve its performance by 10%.
Nanostructured Fluorite-Type Fluorides As Electrolytes for Fluoride Ion Batteries (2013)

Fluoride ion batteries (FIB) provide an interesting alternative to lithium ion batteries, in particular because of their larger theoretical energy densities. These batteries are based on a F anion shuttle between a metal fluoride cathode and a metal anode. One critical component is the electrolyte that should provide fast anion conduction. So far, this is only possible in solid so-called superionic conductors, at elevated temperatures. Herein, we analyze in detail the ionic conductivity in barium fluoride salts doped with lanthanum (Ba1–xLaxF2+x). Doping by trivalent cations leads to an increase of the quantity of point defects in the BaF2 crystal. These defects participate in the ionic motion and therefore improve the ionic conductivity. We demonstrate that further improvement of the conductivity is possible by using a nanostructured material providing additional conduction paths through the grain boundaries. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and AC conductivity analysis, we show that the ionic conduction in this material is controlled by the motion of vacancies through the grain boundaries. The mobility of the vacancies is influenced by the quantity of dopant but decrease for too large dopant concentrations. The optimum compositions having the highest conductivities are Ba0.6La0.4F2.4 and Ba0.7La0.3F2.3. The compound Ba0.6La0.4F2.4 was successfully used as an electrolyte in a FIB.
Enhanced human face image searching system using relevance feedback (2004)

This paper addresses the problems of face recognition using sketch. All existing face sketch recognition systems focus on the sketch to mug shot matching. However, one of the key problems is that very often witness cannot reconstruct the sketch well. In turn, it does not look like the mug shot image. The performance of existing systems are greatly degraded. To overcome this limitation, this paper makes use of the concept of human-in-the-loop and proposes a human face image searching system using relevance feedback. The proposed system employs linear discriminant analysis for on-line learning the optimal projection subspace for face representation. The proposed system has been evaluated using FERET database and a Japanese database with hundreds of individual with all frontal view face images. The results are encouraging.
Behavioral Distinctions: The Use of Light-Duty Trucks and Passenger Cars (2011)

Pickup trucks, sport utility vehicles (SUVs), and minivans are classified as light duty trucks (LDTs) in the United States, resulting in a variety of regulatory protections. According to production and purchase trends, Americans have shifted toward a significantly higher use of such vehicles for personal travel. This research explores the subtle differences in ownership and use patterns between LDTs and passenger cars, using the 1995 Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (NPTS) data. The results, based on a variety of model specifications and response variables, suggest that the average LDT is used over longer distances with more people aboard and is purchased by wealthier household in less dense neighborhoods. Pickups tend to be driven by males, be owned by smaller households, and carry fewer people.