gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single active-site histidine in <scp>d</scp>-xylose isomerase from <i>Streptomyces violaceoruber</i>. Identification by chemical derivatization and peptide mapping (1989)

Group-specific chemical modifications of D-xylose isomerase from Streptomyces violaceruber indicated that complete loss of activity is fully correlated with the acylation of a single histidine. Active-site protection, by the ligand combination of xylitol plus Mg2+, completely blocked diethyl pyrocarbonate derivatization of this particular residue [Vangrysperre, Callens, Kersters-Hilderson & De Bruyne (1988) Biochem. J. 250, 153-160]. Differential peptide mapping between D-xylose isomerase, which has previously been treated with diethyl pyrocarbonate in the presence or absence of xylitol plus Mg2+, allowed specific isolation and sequencing of a peptide containing this active-site histidine. For this purpose we used two essentially new techniques: first, a highly reproducible peptide cleavage protocol for protease-resistant, carbethoxylated proteins with guanidinium hydrochloride as denaturing agent and subtilisin for proteolysis; and second, reverse-phase liquid chromatography with dual-wavelength detection at 214 and 238 nm, and calculation of absorbance ratios. It allowed us to locate the single active-site histidine at position 54 in the primary structure of Streptomyces violaceoruber D-xylose isomerase. The sequence around this residue is conserved in D-xylose isomerases from a diversity of micro-organisms, suggesting that this is a structurally and/or functionally essential part of the molecule.
The <i>cis</i>-acting signals that target proteins to exosomes and microvesicles (2013)

Proteins bud from cells in small single-membraned vesicles (~50-250 nm) that have the same topology as the cell. Known variously as exosomes and microvesicles (EMVs), these extracellular organelles are enriched for specific proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids. EMV biogenesis plays critical roles in protein quality control and cell polarity, and, once released, EMVs can transmit signals and molecules to neighbouring cells via a non-viral pathway of intercellular vesicle traffic. In the present paper, we discuss the cis-acting targeting signals that target proteins to EMVs and mediate protein budding from the cell.
Wideband Reflectance in Normal Caucasian and Chinese School-Aged Children and in Children with Otitis Media with Effusion (2010)

A preliminary set of normative ER data have been generated for a pediatric population between the ages of 5 and 7 yrs, which were significantly different from previously gathered normative adult ER data. In this study, pediatric normative data were warranted for testing children, but ethnic-specific norms were not required to detect middle ear pathology and changes in middle ear status. WBR shows promise as a clinical diagnostic tool for measuring the mechanoacoustic properties of the middle ear and the changes that result in the presence of negative middle ear pressure or MEE.
Gut dysbiosis is prevailing in Sjögren’s syndrome and is related to dry eye severity (2020)

Sjögren's syndrome showed significant gut dysbiosis compared to controls and environmental dry eye syndrome, while dry eye patients showed compositional changes of gut microbiome somewhere in between Sjögren's syndrome and controls. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota was partly correlated to dry eye severity.
The amyloid precursor protein of Alzheimer disease in human brain and blood (1999)

Studies of the metabolism and function of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its proteolytic fragment A beta in cultured cells, transgenic mice, and post-mortem brain tissue have advanced our understanding of Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the molecular pathogenesis of the disease is still not clear, and we are a long way from finding a cure for the disease. Studies carried out on human platelets and leukocytes have also helped shed light on APP and A beta metabolism and function. Platelet and leukocyte APP isoforms are processed using mechanisms similar to those in neuronal cells to generate A beta and soluble forms of APP. The activation of platelets and leukocytes leads to the secretion of APP and A beta, resulting in higher levels of these proteins in serum. APP and A beta in the circulation may be involved in the regulation of platelet function and in the modulation of immune responses. Because human platelets and lymphocytes produce all forms of APP and secrete amyloidogenic A beta peptides, these tissues may be useful in monitoring responses to therapeutic interventions directed at APP metabolism. Although not of neuronal origin, further studies on the more accessible ex vivo tissues, including platelets and leukocytes and other blood components, may reveal potential peripheral markers for AD and will further our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of AD.
Static lung compliance in chronic heart failure: relation with dyspnoea and exercise capacity. (1995)

Static lung compliance at rest has no relation with treadmill exercise capacity in chronic heart failure, and its relation with measures of dyspnoea is variable. No role for lung elasticity in determining the symptomatology of chronic heart failure was found.
Recovery of 2,3-Butanediol by Vacuum Membrane Distillation∗ (1994)

Abstract A vacuum membrane distillation process using a microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane was developed to concentrate 2,3-butanediol from model 2,3-butanediol solutions and fermentation broths. A 0.22-μm PTFE membrane passed water vapor while retaining 2,3-butanediol. Water flux through the membrane was 4 kg/m2·h at 35°C and 12–14 kg/m2·h at 55°C. Medium components, especially yeast extract and fermentation broth, reduced flux as compared to model solutions. Using this process, butanediol was concentrated from 40 g/L to about 650 g/L in the model solution, and when integrated to a fed-batch reactor, 2,3-butanediol was concentrated to over 430 g/L.
New Generation of Hybrid Poly/Oligosaccharide Nanoparticles as Carriers for the Nasal Delivery of Macromolecules (2008)

We have recently reported a new generation of polysaccharide nanoparticles consisting of chitosan (CS) and cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives, which exhibit a number of advantages when compared to the classical CS nanoparticles. In the present work our goal was to explore the potential of these hybrid CS/CD nanoparticles as carriers for the nasal delivery of macromolecules. First, we evaluated the effect of the amount and type of CD (sulfobutylether-beta-CD or carboximethyl-beta-CD) on the physicochemical properties of the nanocarriers. Second, we investigated the interaction of CS/CD nanoparticles with the nasal epithelium by studying their ability to modulate the tight junctions between epithelial cells (Calu-3 cell model) as well as their capacity to overcome mucosal barriers (nasal epithelium of rats). Finally, we loaded two selected nanocarriers with insulin and studied their potential for enhancing the nasal transport of insulin in rabbits. The results showed that CS/CD nanoparticles caused a reversible reduction in the transepithelial resistance of the cell monolayer, thus increasing the membrane permeability. Moreover, the results obtained following the in vivo administration of fluorescent CS/CD nanoparticles to rats evidenced their capability to overcome the nasal mucosal barrier. Finally, the in vivo evaluation in conscious rabbits revealed that insulin-loaded nanoparticles (association efficiencies > 88%) were able to significantly decrease plasma glucose levels (more than 35% reduction). Overall, these results suggest that these new nanoparticles work as nasal carriers and, therefore, have a potential for enhancing the transport of complex molecules across the nasal barrier.
Field Theory in Psychoanalysis, Part 2: Bionian Field. Theory and Contemporary Interpersonal/Relational Psychoanalysis. Donnel B. Stern. Psychoanalytic Dialogues, 23:630–645, 2013 (2014)

Este articulo es la segunda parte de un proyecto de Donnel B. Stern de comparar el psicoanalisis interpersonal y relacional contemporaneo (a partir de ahora IRP) con la teoria del campo bioniana contemporanea (a partir de ahora BFT). En la primera parte, cuya resena hemos publicado en el anterior numero de Aperturas Psicoanaliticas, Stern aborda las convergencias y divergencias entre dos de los grandes referentes de ambas teorias: H. S. Sullivan y W. Baranger.
En el trabajo que resenamos ahora trata de establecer similitudes y diferencias entre los desarrollos contemporaneos del BFT, sobre todo del pensamiento de Antonino Ferro y Giusseppe Civitarese, y los psicoanalistas que engloba dentro del IRP -sobre todo su propio pensamiento.
Atom-by-Atom Typewriter Input for Computerized Storage and Retrieval of Chemical Structures (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAtom-by-Atom Typewriter Input for Computerized Storage and Retrieval of Chemical StructuresJ. M. MullenCite this: J. Chem. Doc. 1967, 7, 2, 88–93Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/c160025a010https://doi.org/10.1021/c160025a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views37Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A restoration framework for ultrasonic tissue characterization (2011)

Ultrasonic tissue characterization has become an area of intensive research. This procedure generally relies on the analysis of the unprocessed echo signal. Because the ultrasound echo is degraded by the non-ideal system point spread function, a deconvolution step could be employed to provide an estimate of the tissue response that could then be exploited for a more accurate characterization. In medical ultrasound, deconvolution is commonly used to increase diagnostic reliability of ultrasound images by improving their contrast and resolution. Most successful algorithms address deconvolution in a maximum a posteriori estimation framework; this typically leads to the solution of l(2)-norm or (1)-norm constrained optimization problems, depending on the choice of the prior distribution. Although these techniques are sufficient to obtain relevant image visual quality improvements, the obtained reflectivity estimates are, however, not appropriate for classification purposes. In this context, we introduce in this paper a maximum a posteriori deconvolution framework expressly derived to improve tissue characterization. The algorithm overcomes limitations associated with standard techniques by using a nonstandard prior model for the tissue response. We present an evaluation of the algorithm performance using both computer simulations and tissue-mimicking phantoms. These studies reveal increased accuracy in the characterization of media with different properties. A comparison with state-of-the-art Wiener and l(1)-norm deconvolution techniques attests to the superiority of the proposed algorithm.
Immunomodulatory effect of Bifidobacterium�breve on experimental allergic rhinitis in BALB/c mice (2018)

Bifidobacterium <i>breve (B. breve)</i> may have a beneficial effect on allergic rhinitis (AR). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether microbial induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and adjustment of Th1 and Th2 responses by <i>B. breve</i> are associated with protection against allergic inflammation, and to identify a dose-response association in a murine AR model. Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice were orally treated with different doses of <i>B. breve</i> [10<sup>10</sup>, 10<sup>9</sup>, 10<sup>7</sup> and 10<sup>5</sup> colony forming units (CFU)]. Following nasal challenge with OVA, sneeze frequency, serum OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and cytokine concentrations [interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-13 and interferon-γ], splenic percentage of cluster of differentiation (CD)4+CD25+ Tregs, and morphology of the nasal mucosa were examined. Oral treatment with live <i>B. breve</i> at doses of 10<sup>7</sup> CFU or higher alleviated nasal mucosal injury and suppressed sneezing upon repeated administration over a 6-week period. Furthermore, treatment with <i>B. breve</i> at these higher doses reduced the concentrations of serum OVA-specific IgE, IL-4 and IL-10, and increased the splenic percentage of CD4+CD25+ Tregs in rhinitic mice compared with those who did not receive probiotics. In contrast, treatment with <i>B. breve</i> at a lower dose did not indicate any effect on sneezing frequency or mucosal morphology in this animal model, even though the splenic percentage of CD4+CD25+ Tregs increased and the concentrations of serum OVA-specific IgE and IL-10 declined. <i>B. breve</i> exerts its anti-allergic effects by inhibiting type 2 helper T cell immune responses and enhancing CD4+CD25+ Treg activity. Sneezing was also reduced at a dose of 10<sup>7</sup> CFU or higher. The current study investigated the role of <i>B. breve</i> and aided in identifying the optimal dose of <i>B. breve</i> administration in the treatment of AR.
A 27.5-dBm linear reconfigurable CMOS power amplifier for 3GPP LTE applications (2011)

In this paper, a reconfigurable power amplifier (PA) fully integrated in 65-nm CMOS technology, combining Envelope Tracking (ET) and Power Transistor Switching (PTS) techniques, and robust to battery depletion is presented. The main objective of the proposed architecture is to significantly improve the average efficiency in comparison with a stand-alone power amplifier at power back-off. A distributed active transformer (DAT) is also implemented to recombine power generated by the parallelized power cells which can be turned on/off in response to the desired output power. Simulations were conducted in the 3GPP LTE band at 2.535GHz to validate the proposed implementation. Results show that the proposed topology provides higher power added efficiency (PAE) and reduced current consumption at power back-off compared to a stand-alone PA. The most significant improvement is obtained at 9 dB back-off from 27.5dBm where PAE is improved by 8%.
Inflammation and Airway Reactivity (1984)

Sir John Floyer's preface to the Treatise of the Asthma, published in 1698, began as follows: Since the cure of the asthma is observed by all physicians, who have attempted the eradicating that chronical distemper, to be very difficult, and frequently unsuccessful: I may thence infer, that either the true nature of that disease is not thoroughly understood by them, or they have not yet found the medicines by which the cure may be effected [1].
The <i>PCSK9</i> gene R46L variant is associated with lower plasma lipid levels and cardiovascular risk in healthy U.K. men (2007)

In the present study, we have determined the relative frequency of the R46L, I474V and E670G variants in the PCSK9 (protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) gene and its association with plasma lipid levels and CHD (coronary heart disease) in healthy U.K. men and patients with clinically defined definite FH (familial hypercholesterolaemia). Genotypes were determined using PCR and restriction enzyme digestion in 2444 healthy middle-aged (50-61 years) men from the prospective NPHSII (Second Northwick Park Heart Study), with 275 CHD events (15 years of follow-up), and in 597 U.K. FH patients from the Simon Broome Register. In the NPHSII healthy men, the R46L genotype distribution was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and the frequency of 46L was 0.010 [95% CI (confidence interval), 0.007-0.013], with one man homozygous for the 46L allele. There was significant association of the 46L allele with lower mean (S.D.) total cholesterol [5.74 (1.01) mmol/l for RR compared with 5.26+/-1.03 mmol/l for RL; P=0.001], apolipoprotein B [0.87 (0.24) g/l for RR compared with 0.75 (0.26) g/l for RL; P<0.0001] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [4.01 (0.95) mmol/l for RR compared with 3.62 (0.97) mmol/l for RL; P=0.02]) levels, after adjustment for age, general medical practice, smoking, body mass index and systolic blood pressure. As expected, 46L carriers had a low risk of definite or possible CHD [hazard ratio, 0.46 (95% CI, 0.11-1.84)], but this was not statistically significant (P=0.27). Two other common PCSK9 variants I474V [V allele frequency, 0.179 (95% CI, 0.17-0.19)] and E670G [G allele frequency, 0.034 (CI, 0.03-0.04)] were not associated with any significant effects on lipid levels or CHD risk. In FH patients, the frequency of 46L was 0.003 (95% CI, 0.00-0.01), which was significantly lower (P=0.037) than the healthy subjects. In the four FH patients carrying 46L, mean untreated total cholesterol levels were not different (P=0.91) in carriers and non-carriers (median, 10.3 mmol/l compared with 10.2 mmol/l respectively, after adjustment for age, gender and mutation type). In conclusion, the PCSK9 46L allele is more frequent in healthy U.K. men than in FH patients and is strongly associated with a protective plasma lipid profile risk for CHD. Its low frequency (approx. 2% carriers) means that it does not make a major contribution to determining population CHD risk in the U.K.
A method for non-parametric waveform estimation based on filter banks (2002)

A non-parametric estimation method based on a series expansion of a signal by a set of basis functions is presented. The method is used to estimate the waveform of event-related signals which have a transient behaviour with unknown shapes and time delays which vary randomly after a known event time. The quality of the estimate depends on the choice of the set of basis functions. Two different sets of basis functions are designed from a template, which contains a priori information, by using one uniform and one non-uniform bandpass filter bank, respectively. Each of the two sets is enlarged by a number of delayed copies of each basis function by employing FIR-filters, the coefficients of which are determined in terms of squared error. The method is evaluated and compared with the Karhunen-Loeve expansion.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improvement in Catalytic Performance of Carbon Nanotube-supported Metal Nanoparticles by Coverage with Silica Layers (2011)

Carbon nanotube (CNT)-based composites have attracted a great deal of interest because of their potential application in catalysts. These composites are frequently prepared by the addition of metals or metal oxides to the outer surface of CNT. However, the surface modification of CNT is generally a challenging task, because their surface is chemically inert. In addition, metal or metal oxide particles on CNT are easily aggregated when these are used as catalysts. Recently, we developed CNT-supported metal nanoparticle catalysts covered with silica layers a few nanometers thick. The catalysts show high catalytic activity in spite of coverage of metal nanoparticles with silica layers. In addition, the silica layers which are wrapped around metal particles prevent the sintering of metal particles as well as the detachment of metal particles under severe reaction conditions. In addition, the CNT-supported metal particles covered with silica can be applied to catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction at cathode in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). Pt catalysts supported on carbon black which are conventional catalysts in the state of the art PEFCs, are seriously deactivated under PEFC cathode conditions such as high potential, low pH and oxygen atmosphere due to the aggregation of Pt metal and the dissolution and re-deposition of Pt metal. We demonstrated that the silica-coated Pt/CNT is electrochemically active in spite of coverage of Pt metal with silica insulator. In addition, the coverage of Pt metal particles with silica layers inhibits the growth of Pt metal particles in size under cathode conditions in PEFCs. The silica-coated Pt/CNT thus shows high durability for the oxygen reduction reaction. The coverage with silica layers also prevents the dissolution of metals other than Pt under cathode conditions. Therefore, our silica-coating method is promising for the development of highly durable non-Pt metal catalysts for use in PEFC cathodes.
Chaperone function of FkpA, a heat shock prolyl isomerase, in the periplasm of<i>Escherichia coli</i> (2001)

The nature of molecular chaperones in the periplasm of Escherichia coli that assist newly translocated proteins to reach their native state has remained poorly defined. Here, we show that FkpA, a heat shock periplasmic peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase), suppresses the formation of inclusion bodies from a defective-folding variant of the maltose-binding protein, MalE31. This chaperone-like activity of FkpA, which is independent of its PPIase activity, requires a full-length structure of the protein. In vitro, FkpA does not catalyse a slow rate-limiting step in the refolding of MalE31, but prevents its aggregation at stoichiometric amounts and promotes the reactivation of denaturated citrate synthase. We propose that FkpA functions as a chaperone for envelope proteins in the bacterial periplasm.
Phytotoxic Metabolites of Phoma sorghina, a New Foliar Pathogen of Pokeweed (1992)

Phoma sorghina is a newly described leaf spot pathogen on pokeweed. The fungus produced six Phytotoxins in liquid culture which were isolated and structurally identified as 6-methylsalicylic acid, epoxydon, desoxyepoxydon, phyllostine, 2,3′-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-5′,6-dimethyl diphenylether, and epoxydon 6-methylsalicylate ester. The cell-free culture filtrate and all six toxins caused necrosis when spotted on pokeweed leaves and eight other weed species thus all six toxins were nonspecific Phytotoxins. Epoxydon, desoxyepoxydon and the diphenylether showed strong antimicrobial properties against all bacteria and fungi tested. 6-Methylsalicylic acid, epoxydon and the diphenylether also inhibited sorghum root growth.