gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Q microwave acoustic resonators and filters (2002)

The authors present recent experimental and modeling results for high-Q microwave acoustic resonators and filters for use in oscillators and other frequency control applications. Overmoded resonators have exhibited an FQ product greater than 1*10/sup 14/ Hz (e.g. Q=68000 at 1.6 GHz) with a strong inductive response suitable for one-port and two-port oscillator feedback circuits. Ladder filters fabricated with overmoded resonators have loaded Qs greater than 40000 with 76-kHz bandwidth at 1.6 GHz. Aluminum nitride films were used for transduction on Z-cut sapphire substrates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
‘Green propolis’: unreported constituents and a novel compound from chloroform extracts (2003)

SUMMARYAnalyses from chloroform extracts are reported for two samples of ‘green propolis’ from the south of Minas Gerais State (south-east Brazil), listing a variety of compounds, mostly benzoic or cinnamic acid derivatives. Most compounds were identified by GC/EIMS either as mixtures or in pure form, some of them being analysed as the corresponding methyl esters. Derivatives of benzoic acid, benzaldehyde, prenylated and non-prenylated cinnamic acid, chromane, chromene and some other compounds were found in the more polar fractions of chromatographic columns of both samples. Among the substances analysed, several had not been reported in propolis and one (3–prenylcinnamic acid allyl ester) is a new compound, which appeared in highest amounts in both samples. Its structure was determined by mass, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The samples have similar composition, but phenols bearing a straight and long hydrocarbon chain were detected in only one sample. The comparative analysis of extracts from three solvents suggests that the current trend of analysing only alcoholic extracts in studies of propolis composition is bound to overlook or miss important propolis constituents.
Protective Effects of Human Placenta Extract on Cartilage Degradation in Experimental Osteoarthritis (2010)

This study investigated the effect of human placenta extract (HPE) on cartilage degradation in vitro MG-63 cells, articular cartilage explants, and in vivo monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis (OA). Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity was measured in HPE-treated osteoblastic MG-63 cells. Articular cartilage explants in rabbit were cultured, and the degree of proteoglycan (PG) degradation was assessed by measuring the amount of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) released into the culture medium. Experimental osteoarthritis was induced by intra-articular injection of 3 mg MIA in rats. Beginning 14 d post-MIA injection, HPE was administered intra-articularly once a day for 14 d. The knee joints were assessed by roentgenography, histology, and gelatinase activity. HPE inhibited PG degradation in articular cartilage explants. HPE significantly reduced deformity of knee joints and suppressed the histological change in MIA-induced OA. HPE inhibited MMP-2 activity in MG-63 cells. MMP-2 and -9 activities were also reduced in the cartilages of HPE-treated knee joints. Our results indicate that HPE has therapeutic effects on OA by protecting cartilage.
Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Acidic Water with Molecular Cobalt Tetraazamacrocycles (2012)

A series of water-soluble molecular cobalt complexes of tetraazamacrocyclic ligands are reported for the electrocatalytic production of H(2) from pH 2.2 aqueous solutions. The comparative data reported for this family of complexes shed light on their relative efficiencies for hydrogen evolution in water. Rotating disk electrode voltammetry data are presented for each of the complexes discussed, as are data concerning their respective pH-dependent electrocatalytic activity. In particular, two diimine-dioxime complexes were identified as exhibiting catalytic onset at comparatively low overpotentials relative to other reported homogeneous cobalt and nickel electrocatalysts in aqueous solution. These complexes are stable at pH 2.2 and produce hydrogen with high Faradaic efficiency in bulk electrolysis experiments over time intervals ranging from 2 to 24 h.
Immobilization of Proteins on thionyl Chloride-Activated Controlled-Pore Glass (2003)

Procedures for covalent immobilization should be capable of reacting with a limited number of surface residues of the protein under very mild conditions, preferably those that are optimal for the stability of the protein being immobilized. Sometimes it is also desirable to use a method of covalent immobilization that is reversible under mild conditions. We have developed the thionyl chloride-activated succinamidopropyl-glass as a matrix that provides these desirable properties (1–3). The activated support will react with only primary amino groups or sulfhydryl groups on the surface of the protein in physiological buffers in the pH range of 4.0–8.0 and in the cold room or at room temperature. Although the exact chemistry of the reaction still eludes definition, the required conditions and the reacting groups are well established. The thionyl chloride-activated succinamidopropyl surface can be stored for long periods of time (perhaps more than one year), and protein can be immobilized simply by incubating it with the matrix under the conditions chosen. The immobilized protein remains covalently bound even in the presence of strong denaturants, such as 6M guanidinium chloride; however, if desired, it can be partially removed by reaction with dilute solutions of hydroxylamine at room temperature (2). If the reaction was through amino groups, up to 80% of the protein can be removed. We have used this procedure both as a reversible method of covalent immobilization (2,4) and as a convenient as well as effective means for preparation of affinity matrices (5,6).
Regulation of SIRT1 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats (2013)

Sirtuins enzymes are a conserved family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases that mediate responses to oxidative stress, fasting and dietary restriction in mammals. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are involved in many mechanisms that regulate vascular biology in vivo but the role of SIRT1 has not been explored in much detail. Therefore, we investigated the regulation of SIRT1 in cultured VSMCs under various stress conditions including diabetes. Sprague-Dawley rats were made diabetic by injecting a single dose of streptozotocin (65 mg/Kg), and aortic VSMCs were isolated after 4 weeks. Immunocytochemistry showed that SIRT1 was localized predominantly in the nucleus, with lower staining in VSMCs from STZ-diabetic as compared with normoglycemic rats. Previous diabetes induction in vivo and high glucose concentrations in vitro significantly downregulated SIRT1 amounts as detected in Western blot assays, whereas TNF-α (30 ng/ml) stimulation failed to induce significant changes. Because estrogen signaling affects several pathways of oxidative stress control, we also investigated SIRT1 modulation by 17β-estradiol. Treatment with the hormone (10 nM) or a selective estrogen receptor-α agonist decreased SIRT1 levels in VSMCs from normoglycemic but not in those from STZ-diabetic animals. 17β-estradiol treatment also enhanced activation of AMP-dependent kinase, which partners with SIRT1 in a signaling axis. SIRT1 downregulation by 17β-estradiol could be observed as well in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, a cell type in which SIRT1 downregulation is associated with insulin resistance and subclinical atherosclerosis. These data suggest that SIRT1 protein levels are regulated by diverse cellular stressors to a variable extent in VSMCs from diabetic and normoglycemic rats, warranting further investigation on SIRT1 as a modulator of VSMC activity in settings of vascular inflammation.
Edge-based method for text detection from complex document images (2002)

Detection of text from documents in which text is embedded in complex colored and textured backgrounds is a very challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a simple texture-based approach based on edge information for this task. The performance of our method is compared to that obtained by a method based on the discrete cosine transform which was recently proposed by Y. Zhong et al. (2000) for text localization in compressed digital video. In our experiments, both methods performed about equally well for small-sized text, but our method was better in the case of large-sized text. The principal advantage of our approach is that in addition to the text detection problem, the same edge representation can also be used for other image interpretation tasks.
FPGA Implementation for Real-Time Background Subtraction Based on Horprasert Model (2012)

Background subtraction is considered the first processing stage in video surveillance systems, and consists of determining objects in movement in a scene captured by a static camera. It is an intensive task with a high computational cost. This work proposes an embedded novel architecture on FPGA which is able to extract the background on resource-limited environments and offers low degradation (produced because of the hardware-friendly model modification). In addition, the original model is extended in order to detect shadows and improve the quality of the segmentation of the moving objects. We have analyzed the resource consumption and performance in Spartan3 Xilinx FPGAs and compared to others works available on the literature, showing that the current architecture is a good trade-off in terms of accuracy, performance and resources utilization. With less than a 65% of the resources utilization of a XC3SD3400 Spartan-3A low-cost family FPGA, the system achieves a frequency of 66.5 MHz reaching 32.8 fps with resolution 1,024 × 1,024 pixels, and an estimated power consumption of 5.76 W.
Summary of design considerations for airplane spin-recovery parachute systems (1972)

A compilation of design considerations applicable to spin-recovery parachute systems for military airplanes has been made so that the information will be readily available to persons responsible for the design of such systems. This information was obtained from a study of available documents and from discussions with persons in both government and industry experienced in parachute technology, full-scale and model spin testing, and related systems.
Isolation and characterization of hypeptin from Pseudomonas sp. (1989)

An antibiotic, named hypeptin, was isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Pseudomonas sp. The antibiotic was extracted with butanol and purified by chromatography on a Sephadex LH-20 column. The antibiotic is basic in nature. The dihydrochloride is soluble in aqueous alcohols and positive to ninhydrin and Sakaguchi's reaction. A molecular formula, C44H71N13O15.2HCl was indicated by microanalysis and secondary ion MS. The IR spectrum and acid hydrolysis indicated it to be a peptide antibiotic. The stereochemistries of the amino acids produced by hydrolysis were clarified by HPLC using a chiral column. The antibiotic is active in vitro against a wide variety of anaerobic bacteria and aerobic Gram-positive bacteria.
SAGE: a HyperCard-based GDSS (1992)

HyperCard is a widely used hypertext system. It has important hypertext characteristics and possesses a set of powerful user interface capabilities. The authors highlight the important features of HyperCard and discuss its strengths and weaknesses as a technology for building a GDSS. They describe SAGE, a HyperCard-based GDSS, to illustrate how HyperCard capabilities can be incorporated in a GDSS to more effectively support decision making groups.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Saliency tracking based sensorless control of AC machines exploiting inverter switching transients (2010)

Control of ac machines at zero frequency usually requires the presence of a rotor speed sensor. Sensorless control is so far possible around zero frequency when exploiting inherent saliencies of the machine. Current techniques use injected high frequency signals or the machine's step response to extract and identify magnitude and position of inherent saliencies. In this paper, a new method is presented to determine the inherent asymmetries using only the information provided during the switching transients of the machine current. While known techniques need an injected high frequency voltage, specific switching patterns, or modifications in the PWM scheme to exploit the current reaction, the proposed method is able to extract the necessary information from the transient current signal that directly follows the steep voltage change of the switching transition. Thus, the standard PWM scheme can be applied without modifications. Measurement results are presented to show the influence of the saliencies on the switching transition current ripple.
Mutational analysis of the tobacco mosaic virus 5′-leader for altered ability to enhance translation (1988)

Mutational analysis of the 5'-untranslated leader sequence (omega) of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was carried out to determine those sequences necessary for the translational enhancement associated with omega. Five deletion mutants, a single base substitution, and a 25 base replacement mutant were tested for alterations in omega's ability to enhance expression of beta-glucuronidase (GUS) mRNA in tobacco mesophyll protoplasts and Escherichia coli or chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) mRNA in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Alteration of an eight base subsequence required for the binding of a second ribosome resulted in the loss of translational enhancement in X. laevis oocytes but not in protoplasts. Substantial increases in enhancement were observed for several of the mutants in E. coli.
Radiation to Stromal Fibroblasts Increases Invasiveness of Pancreatic Cancer Cells through Tumor-Stromal Interactions (2004)

Radiotherapy represents a major treatment option for patients with pancreatic cancer, but recent evidence suggests that radiation can promote invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Interactions between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells may play an important role in aggressive tumor progression. In the present study, we investigated the invasive phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells in response to coculture with irradiated fibroblasts. Using in vitro invasion assay, we demonstrated that coculture with nonirradiated fibroblasts significantly increased the invasive ability of pancreatic cancer cells and, surprisingly, the increased invasiveness was further accelerated when they were cocultured with irradiated fibroblasts. The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) secretion from fibroblasts remained unchanged after irradiation, whereas exposure of pancreatic cancer cells to supernatant from irradiated fibroblasts resulted in increased phosphorylation of c-Met (HGF receptor) and mitogen-activated protein kinase activity, possibly or partially via increased expression of c-Met. We also demonstrated that scattering of pancreatic cancer cells was accelerated by the supernatant from irradiated fibroblasts. The enhanced invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells induced by coculture with irradiated fibroblasts was completely blocked by NK4, a specific antagonist of HGF. These data suggest that invasive potential of certain pancreatic cancer cells is enhanced by soluble mediator(s) released from irradiated fibroblasts possibly through up-regulation of c-Met expression/phosphorylation and mitogen-activated protein kinase activity in pancreatic cancer cells. Our present findings further support the potential use of NK4 during radiotherapy for patients with pancreatic cancer.
Construction of a multi-functional cryogenic propellant tank with cross-linked silica aerogel (2010)

Aerogels are low-density nanostructured porous materials, whose practical applications have been limited by their poor mechanical properties. Crosslinking the nanoparticle building blocks of silica aerogels with polymeric tethers increases both the modulus and the strength significantly. The polymer coating preserves the mesoporous structure of the silica framework while retaining its low thermal conductivity. The uniqueness of crosslinked silica aerogel has load carrying capabilities in which are determined in tensile, compression and flexural bending tests. Crosslinked silica aerogel testing displays specific compressive strength of 389000 Nm/Kg. Ballistic testing of crosslinked silica aerogel also corroborates its mechanical properties displaying a ballistic limit up to 80 m/s. Its thermal conductivity at 0.041 W/mK supports the use of crosslinked silica aerogel in cryogenic fuel cell applications. Manufacturing practices have been evaluated to obtain an optimal process which reduces time, money and difficulty. (Published By University of Alabama Libraries)
安全的，才是大家的——2007年C-NCAP碰撞试验回顾与总结 (2007)

在中国天津，有一个对于中国的汽车行业来说意义非凡的地方，一辆辆崭新的汽车，从离开工厂后几乎还没上路行驶过，就被送到那里去面对速度和碰撞带来的毁灭。那里并不是汽车的“坟场”，而是C-NCAP碰撞测试的试验场。这些“英勇就义”的汽车都扮演着中国汽车工业发展和碰撞安全技术进步铺路石的角色。2007年，总共进行了19个车型惊心动魄的C-NCAP碰撞试验，从廉价的微型车到豪华的高级车，它们的碰撞表现千差万别。在2007年即将划上句号之时，我们将这些“钢铁之躯”在碰撞试验中不同的表现进行一次全方位的梳理，同时也对2007年接受了C-NCAP考验的各种车型的安全性能进行一次回顾和总结——
GAMMA‐GLUTAMYL TRANSPEPTIDASE ACTIVITY IN HUMAN SKIN (1979)

ABSTRACT Gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase ( γ ‐GT) activity was measured in a homogenate of penile foreskin, using γ ‐glutamyl‐p‐nitroanilide as a substrate. It was found that γ ‐GT activity was present in both the epidermis and the dermis, being more active in the former. The optimum pH for the enzyme was 8.5–9.0 in Tris buffer, which is similar to that for the rat kidney and human serum enzymes. It was also revealed that glycylglycine was the most effective activator of the enzyme. Some activation was also observed in the presence of L‐glutamine. But L‐methionine, L‐homoserine, L‐glutamic acid, L‐arginine, L‐aspartic acid, glycine and L‐valine inhibited the activity, suggesting that these amino acids do not act as acceptors of the γ ‐glutamyl moiety. The enzyme was remarkably inhibited by bromsulphalein, oxidized glutathione, and by L‐serine in the presence of borate. These inhibitions were more severe than thoes observed with rat kidney and human serum enzymes.
Controlled availability of pervasive web services (2004)

The increasing use of computers to manage everyday business poses problems for workers when they are away from their home environment. There are two key problems: . How can a mobile worker share a limited part of their home environment with colleagues in a foreign environment while maintaining its security? . How can a mobile worker identify and interact with local services available in a foreign environment? This paper describes a scheme for controlling access to pervasive Web services together with a tangible user interface for their presentation.
Nucleotide Sequence of the <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> cv Xanthi Gene Encoding 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Synthase (1992)

Ethylene is a plant hormone that influences many aspects of plant growth and development (10). The biosynthetic pathway of ethylene production in higher plants is well defined. The rate-limiting step in this pathway is the reaction
Monocyte:T‐cell interaction regulates human T‐cell activation through a CD28/CD46 crosstalk (2015)

T-cell activation requires engagement of the T-cell receptor and of at least one costimulatory molecule. The key role of CD28 in inducing T-cell activation was reported several decades ago and the molecular mechanisms involved have now been well described. The complement regulator CD46 also acts as a costimulatory molecule for T cells but, in contrast to CD28, has the ability to drive T-cell differentiation from producing some IFNγ to secreting some potent anti-inflammatory IL-10, acquiring a so-called Type I regulatory phenotype (Tr1). Proteolytic cleavage of CD46 occurs upon costimulation and is important for T-cell activation and IL-10 production. The observation that CD46 cleavage was reduced when PBMCs were costimulated compared with purified CD4(+) T cells led us to hypothesize that interactions between different cell types within the PBMCs were able to modulate the CD46 pathway. We show that CD46 downregulation is also reduced when CD4(+) T cells are cocultured with autologous monocytes. Indeed, monocyte: T-cell cocultures impaired CD46-mediated T-cell differentiation and coactivation, by reducing downregulation of surface CD46, lowering induction of the early activation marker CD69, as well as reducing the levels of IL-10 secretion. Blocking of CD86 could partly restore CD69 expression and cytokine secretion, demonstrating that the CD28: CD86 pathway regulates CD46 activation. Direct concomitant ligation of CD28 and CD46 on CD4(+) T cells also modulated CD46 expression and regulated cytokine production. These data identify a crosstalk between two main costimulatory pathways and provide novel insights into the regulation of human T-cell activation.
Human Articular Chondrocytes Express Osteogenic Protein-1 (2000)

This study demonstrates for the first time that human articular chondrocytes express osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1). OP-1 was originally purified from bone matrix and was shown to induce cartilage and bone formation. Both OP-1 protein and message were present in human normal and osteoarthritic (OA) cartilages. OP-1 mRNA was upregulated in OA cartilage compared with normal adult tissues. However, the level of mature OP-1 protein in the same OA tissues was downregulated, whereas the pro-OP-1 remained high. Moreover, these two forms of OP-1 were localized in an inverted manner. Mature OP-1 was primarily detected in the superficial layer, whereas the pro-form was mostly in the deep layer of cartilage. The presence of pro- and mature OP-1 in extracts of normal and OA cartilages was confirmed by Western blotting. These findings imply that articular chondrocytes continue to express and synthesize OP-1 throughout adulthood. The observed patterns of the distribution of pro- and mature OP-1 also suggest differences in the processing of this molecule by normal and OA chondrocytes and by the cells in the superficial and deep layers. Distinct distribution of OP-1 and its potential activation in deep zones and regions of cloning in OA cartilages may provide clues to the potential involvement of endogenous OP-1 in repair mechanisms. (J Histochem Cytochem 48:239-250, 2000)
Variable Rowland radius laboratory EXAFS system (1987)

We report here on a new EXAFS laboratory facility. It features a variable Rowland radius with a source to bent crystal distance that can vary from 250 to 750 mm. It has a sample carrying table which is mechanically detached from the monochromator and can carry more than 50 lb with no effect on the monochromator. The system is completely computer controlled in such a way that the operator can control every part of the system separately as well as perform complete automatic runs. The data-analysis programs had been divided into a general package which performs the bookkeeping of files experimental parameters and program parameters and a specific package for the analysis of the EXAFS data. The monochromator is shown to have almost theoretical resolution. We present experimental results of EXAFS on copper. The Fourier transform of these spectra agree very well with the Fourier transform of EXAFS spectra measured on a synchrotron. It is shown that the resolution of 4.5 eV of these data does not present a limitation on the quality of the data. The signal-to-noise ratio is, on the other hand, quite critical.