gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of biological surfaces on neutrophil O2- production and its relationship to the CD11b/CD18 integrin-dependent adherence. (1991)

The production of O2- in response to LPS, PAF, FMLP, TNF and PMA by human neutrophils in suspension and residing on surfaces coated with fetal calf serum (FCS), fibronectin (FN), laminin (LM), collagen types I and IV (CI and CIV), fibrinogen (FBG) or fibrin (FBN) was studied. Of the agonists used, PAF and LPS failed to induce a response in any of the above conditions; FMLP and PMA stimulated neutrophils to produce similar amounts of O2- either in suspension or on biological surfaces; TNF induced O2- production only by cells residing on FN, FBG and FBN. These results indicate that production of oxygen-derived free radicals by neutrophils depends on the type of agonist and the nature of the surface they interact with. The relationship between the respiratory burst and adherence was studied by measuring O2- release and adherence of neutrophils residing on FN, LM, CIV, and FBG, in the absence and in the presence of the monoclonal antibody 60.3 that recognizes the common beta-chain of CD11/CD18 integrins. FMLP, PMA and TNF increased neutrophil adherence on all these surfaces except CIV. The monoclonal antibody markedly inhibited the FMLP and PMA-induced adherence but had no effect on the O2- release elicited by these two agonists. In contrast, the monoclonal antibody inhibited both the increased adherence and O2- release induced by TNF on FN and FBG. The TNF-induced increase in adherence to LM, that was not accompanied by an increase in O2- release, was also inhibited by the monoclonal antibody. We conclude that the respiratory burst of neutrophils residing on surfaces is not necessarily correlated with adherence.
Amoxycillin/clavulanic acid: the effect of probenecid (1983)

The effect of probenecid on the combination of amoxycillin/clavulanic acid has been compared with the effect on amoxycillin alone and it has been shown that probenecid, whilst producing its expected effect on amoxycillin, did not affect the clavulanic acid concentration of the combination. A possible minor role for tubular secretion of clavulanic acid is discussed.
Bilateral filter: Graph spectral interpretation and extensions (2013)

In this paper we study the bilateral filter proposed by Tomasi and Manduchi and show that it can be viewed as a spectral domain transform defined on a weighted graph. The nodes of this graph represent the pixels in the image and a graph signal defined on the nodes represents the intensity values. Edge weights in the graph correspond to the bilateral filter coefficients and hence are data adaptive. The graph spectrum is defined in terms of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian matrix. We use this spectral interpretation to generalize the bilateral filter and propose new spectral designs of “bilateral-like” filters. We show that these spectral filters can be implemented with k-iterative bilateral filtering operations and do not require expensive diagonalization of the Laplacian matrix.
Hay fever, eczema, and wheeze: a nationwide UK study (ISAAC, international study of asthma and allergies in childhood) (1999)

In general, geographical variations were small but the prevalence of symptoms was significantly higher in Scotland and northern England. The study demonstrates the importance of atopic diseases both in their own right and in association with asthma.
Sulfenyl Chloride Chemistry. New Precursors for Diatomic Sulfur Transfer (1998)

When triphenylmethanesulfenyl chloride (1) (or its thio homologue 2) are treated with various bicycles, norbornene (5), or bicyclo[2.2.2]octene (6), dithio adducts 7 and 8 were produced in good isolated yields. Final products were obtained via an episulfide intermediate. The stereochemistry of addition has been determined by X-ray analysis. Treatment of thiosulfenyl chloride 2 (or its dithio homologue 3) with other olefins, cyclopentene (10), cyclohexene (11), or 1,4-dioxene (12), leads to the formation of disulfides (13−15 from 2) and trisulfides (16 and 17 from 3) in high isolated yields (ca. 92%). The structures of 7, 8, and 13−17 were established by 1H and 13C NMR and elemental analysis as well as by X-ray determination. When these adducts are warmed with a 1,3-diene 42, they deliver diatomic sulfur-trapped derivatives, cyclic di-49 and tetrasulfide adducts 46. A variety of solvents, temperatures, times, and concentrations were employed to optimize the yield of 46 and 49. The tetrasulfide adduct 46 is quantitatively converted to disulfide 49 with triphenylphosphine; this affords cyclic disulfides in >50% isolated yield from the diene. In addition, evidence has been obtained implicating dithietane intermediate 4.
Carbon Dots for Multiphoton Bioimaging (2007)

Carbon nanoparticles upon simple surface passivation exhibit bright photoluminescence. Reported here is a new finding that these carbon dots are also strongly two-photon luminescent with pulsed laser excitation in the near-infrared. The experimentally measured two-photon absorption cross-sections are comparable to those of the high-performance semiconductor quantum dots already available in the literature. The two-photon luminescence microscopy imaging of human breast cancer cells with internalized carbon dots is demonstrated.
Streptococcus salivarius urease: genetic and biochemical characterization and expression in a dental plaque streptococcus (1996)

The hydrolysis of urea by urease enzyme of oral bacteria is believed to have a major impact on oral microbial ecology and to be intimately involved in oral health and diseases. To begin to understand the biochemistry and genetics of oral ureolysis, a study of the urease of Streptococcus salivarius, a highly ureolytic organism which is present in large numbers on the soft tissues of the oral cavity, has been initiated. By using as a probe a 0.6-kpb internal fragment of the S. salivarius 57.I ureC gene, two clones from subgenomic libraries of S. salivarius 57.I in an Escherichia coli plasmid vector were identified. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed the presence of one partial and six complete open reading frames which were most homologous to ureIAB-CEFGD of other ureolytic bacteria. Plasmid clones were generated to construct a complete gene cluster and used to transform E. coli and Streptococcus gordonii DL1, a nonureolytic, dental plaque microorganism. The recombinant organisms expressed high levels of urease activity when the growth medium was supplemented with NiCl2. The urease enzyme was purified from E. coli, and its biochemical properties were compared with those of the urease produced by S. salivarius and those of the urease produced by S. gordonii carrying the plasmid-borne ure genes. In all cases, the enzyme had a Km of 3.5 to 4.1 mM, a pH optimum near 7.0, and a temperature optimum near 60 degrees C. S. gordonii carrying the urease genes was then demonstrated to have a significant capacity to temper glycolytic acidification in vitro in the presence of concentrations of urea commonly found in the oral cavity. The ability to genetically engineer plaque bacteria that can modulate environmental pH through ureolysis will open the way to using recombinant ureolytic organisms to test hypotheses regarding the role of oral ureolysis in dental caries, calculus formation, and periodontal diseases. Such recombinant organisms may eventually prove useful for controlling dental caries by replacement therapy.
Expression of Functional Influenza Virus RNA Polymerase in the Methylotrophic Yeast <i>Pichia pastoris</i> (2000)

Influenza virus RNA polymerase with the subunit composition PB1-PB2-PA is a multifunctional enzyme with the activities of both synthesis and cleavage of RNA and is involved in both transcription and replication of the viral genome. In order to produce large amounts of the functional viral RNA polymerase sufficient for analysis of its structure-function relationships, the cDNAs for RNA segments 1, 2, and 3 of influenza virus A/PR/8, each under independent control of the alcohol oxidase gene promoter, were integrated into the chromosome of the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. Simultaneous expression of all three P proteins in the yeast P. pastoris was achieved by the addition of methanol. To purify the P protein complexes, a sequence coding for a histidine tag was added to the PB2 protein gene at its N terminus. Starting from the induced P. pastoris cell lysate, we partially purified a 3P complex by Ni(2+)-agarose affinity column chromatography. The 3P complex showed influenza virus model RNA-directed and ApG-primed RNA synthesis in vitro but was virtually inactive without addition of template or primer. The kinetic properties of model template-directed RNA synthesis and the requirements for template sequence were analyzed using the 3P complex. Furthermore, the 3P complex showed capped RNA-primed RNA synthesis. Thus, we conclude that functional influenza virus RNA polymerase with the catalytic properties of a transcriptase is formed in the methylotrophic yeast P. pastoris.
Overlap and Effective Size of the Human CD8 <sup>+</sup> T Cell Receptor Repertoire (2010)

Diversity in T lymphocyte antigen receptors is generated by somatic rearrangement of T cell receptor (TCR) genes and is concentrated within the third complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) of each chain of the TCR heterodimer. We sequenced the CDR3 regions from millions of rearranged TCR beta chain genes in naïve and memory CD8(+) T cells of seven adults. The CDR3 sequence repertoire realized in each individual is strongly biased toward specific V(beta)-J(beta) pair utilization, dominated by sequences containing few inserted nucleotides, and drawn from a defined subset comprising less than 0.1% of the estimated 5 x 10(11) possible sequences. Surprisingly, the overlap in the naïve CD8(+) CDR3 sequence repertoires of any two of the individuals is approximately 7000-fold larger than predicted and appears to be independent of the degree of human leukocyte antigen matching.
Improved Flaring Technology: High Pressure Air Assist System for Smokeless Flaring (2010)

Abstract In order to meet increasingly strict environmental regulations and to promote cleaner energy at their facilities, many oil, gas, and petrochemical companies are seeking to upgrade existing flares to allow smokeless flaring of hydrocarbon gases. Poor public perception of existing smoking flares increases the difficulty of operations, so upgrading systems to smokeless operation minimizes the environmental impact and improves local acceptance in urban areas. The main areas of application for these flare upgrades are harsh environments located in Russia, Africa, Middle East, South America, and other countries with high oil production capabilities and programs. Many of these areas have utility flares located in facilities where a shortage of steam or water prevents conventional smokeless steam-injection systems from being added. A new technology is needed for these kinds of applications.
1001 Secrets for Windows Nt Registry (1997)

From the Publisher:
Afraid of NT Registry. the black magic art of the environment? Windows NT Magazine guru Tim Daniels (aka technical officer) takes the mystery out of the least understood, and most important subject for the NT platform users. The CD-ROM includes many valuable and useful monitoring and performance utilities. Pub: 8/97.
Examination of ancient Egyptian mummy with foot deformity from the new kingdom period (2017)

This study is focused on examination of ancient Egyptian mummy with congenital limb deformity from noble Egyptian mummy back to new kingdom-18th dynasty date from 1550-1295 BCE owned by Egyptian museum in El-Tharir – Egypt. Unilateral deformities were observed with ankle torsion and the neck of the talus was higher than normal. The CT images suggested abnormalities in shape of the tarsal bones of right foot. The study suggests that this foot deformity may be due to poliomyelitis.
Effect of Surfactant Concentrations on Physicochemical Properties and Functionality of Curcumin Nanoemulsions Under Conditions Relevant to Commercial Utilization (2019)

Surfactants are used to stabilize nanoemulsions by protecting their physical stability and preventing deterioration of the entrapped bioactive during processing and storage. The effect of surfactant concentration on physical-chemical properties of nanoemulsions with entrapped curcumin, relevant to commercial applications, was addressed in this research. Furthermore, the functionality of nanoemulsified curcumin in terms of lipid oxidation inhibition was determined. Protection against varying pH and thermal treatments was more significant in the nanoemulsions at the elevated surfactant level, but at these high concentrations, the surface charges of the emulsions dramatically decreased under sodium salt addition, which may result in instability over time. Nanoemulsions showed the potential to inhibit malondialdehyde (MDA) formulation by protecting the entrapped curcumin and enhance its antioxidant activity when added to milk. The fortified milk with added curcumin systems had a yellow color compared to the control. The results of the study are critical in choosing the surfactant concentration needed to stabilize emulsified curcumin, and to protect the entrapped curcumin under specific conditions of use to support the utilization of curcumin nanoemulsions as a food additive in different commercial products.
Transgene expression produced by biolistic‐mediated, site‐specific gene integration is consistently inherited by the subsequent generations (2005)

The efficient production of stable transgenic plants is important for both crop improvement and functional genomics. Site-specific integration of foreign genes into a designated genomic position is an attractive tool for minimizing expression variability between transgenic lines. Here, we studied the utility of a Cre-mediated, site-specific integration approach, facilitated by particle bombardment, for streamlining the production of stable transgenic plants, using rice as a model species. Using this method, we generated 18 different transgenic lines containing a precise integration of a single copy of beta-glucuronidase gene (gusA) into a designated genomic location. Eleven of these lines contained no illegitimate integration in the background (single-copy lines), and seven contained illegitimate integrations in addition to the site-specific integration (multicopy lines). We monitored gusA expression in these lines up to three to four successive generations. Each of the single-copy lines expressed the gusA gene at consistent levels and nearly doubled the expression level in the homozygous state. In contrast, multicopy lines displayed expression variation and gene silencing. In about half of the multicopy lines, however, expression of the site-specific integration locus could be reactivated and stabilized on segregation of the illegitimate integrations, whereas, in the remaining half, expression could not be restored, as they contained genetically linked illegitimate integrations. This study demonstrates that biolistic-mediated, site-specific gene integration is an efficient and reliable tool for streamlining the production of stable transgenic plants.
First Observation of Magnetically Trapped Neutral Atoms (1985)

We report the first observation of electromagnetically trapped neutral atoms. Laser cooled and stopped sodium atoms are confined in a magnetic quadrupole trap formed by two opposed, separated, coaxial current loops. The decay time constant for atoms in the trap is 0.83(7) s and is limited mainly by collisions with background gas atoms.
Rapid Diagnosis of Malaria (2009)

Malaria's global impact is expansive and includes the extremes of the healthcare system ranging from international travelers returning to nonendemic regions with tertiary referral medical care to residents in hyperendemic regions without access to medical care. Implementation of prompt and accurate diagnosis is needed to curb the expanding global impact of malaria associated with ever-increasing antimalarial drug resistance. Traditionally, malaria is diagnosed using clinical criteria and/or light microscopy even though both strategies are clearly inadequate in many healthcare settings. Hand held immunochromatographic rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have been recognized as an ideal alternative method for diagnosing malaria. Numerous malaria RDTs have been developed and are widely available; however, an assortment of issues related to these products have become apparent. This review provides a summary of RDT including effectiveness and strategies to select the ideal RDT in varying healthcare settings.
Imaging with neutral atoms—a new matter‐wave microscope (2007)

Matter-wave microscopy can be dated back to 1932 when Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska published the first image obtained with a beam of focussed electrons. In this paper a new step in the development of matter-wave microscopy is presented. We have created an instrument where a focussed beam of neutral, ground-state atoms (helium) is used to image a sample. We present the first 2D images obtained using this new technique. The imaged sample is a free-standing hexagonal copper grating (with a period of about 36 microm and rod thickness of about 8 microm). The images were obtained in transmission mode by scanning the focussed beam, which had a minimum spot size of about 2.0 microm in diameter (full width at half maximum) across the sample. The smallest focus achieved was 1.9 +/- 0.1 microm. The resolution for this experiment was limited by the speed ratio of the atomic beam through the chromatic aberrations of the zone plate that was used to focus. Ultimately the theoretical resolution limit is set by the wavelength of the probing particle. In praxis, the resolution is limited by the source and the focussing optics.
Dendritic polyglycerolamine as a functional antifouling coating of gold surfaces (2012)

Dendritic polyglycerol (PG) functionalized surfaces represent a good alternative for preparation of protein resistant materials, whose versatility can be enhanced by conferring them the ability to bind particular biomolecules of interest to the surface. In this work, PG derivatives bearing disulfide and different loadings of amino moieties (0–14%) were synthesized and attached to gold surfaces. The modified surfaces were characterized by means of infrared reflection adsorption spectroscopy (FT-IRRAS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurements. The protein resistance properties of the PG-modified surfaces were evaluated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy using fibrinogen, albumin, pepsin, and lysozyme as model proteins. The availability and accessibility of the amino groups to bind biomolecules were assessed by fluorescence measurements. This study demonstrates that PG-coated surfaces with amino contents up to 9% still show very good protein resistant properties. At the same time, the amino moieties on the surface are available and reactive for selective ligand attachment. By fluorescence labeled DNA hybridization, the high selectivity of these functional surfaces could be demonstrated.
Nasal bridle revisited (1996)

Objective To demonstrate the efficacy and safety of an updated version of the nasal ``bridle,'' which is used to prevent the accidental removal of small-bore nasoenteric feeding tubes. Design A descriptive study. Setting Surgical intensive care unit in a tertiary care hospital. Patients Twenty-six critically ill patients without nasotracheal tubes or facial trauma or fractures who received enteral nutrition and either had removed or were at risk for removing their properly positioned nasoenteric feeding tubes. Interventions A length of one-eighth inch (3.2 mm) umbilical tape is looped around the nasal septum and vomer by serially attaching the ends of the umbilical tape to a suction catheter, passing the catheter through the nostrils into the oropharynx, and retrieving the ends from the oropharynx. The properly positioned umbilical tape loops into one nostril, around the vomer, and out the other nostril. The feeding tube is then anchored to the umbilical tape with a central venous catheter fastener clamp. Measurements and Main Results Communicative patients denied discomfort, and there were no episodes of bleeding, infection, sinusitis, or nasal septal trauma caused by the umbilical tape bridle. Five patients had the bridle in place more than 30 days. There were only two cases in which the bridle failed to prevent removal of a feeding tube. One of these cases occurred because the fastener clamp anchor failed, but this patient had had the same bridle and feeding tube for 170 consecutive days. Conclusions An umbilical tape bridle with a central venous catheter fastener clamp anchor is a safe and effective method to prevent the accidental removal of nasoenteric feeding tubes in critically ill patients. We recommend its use in confused or uncooperative patients, or when the risk of unintentional feeding tube removal is high. (Crit Care Med 1996; 24:429-431)
Battery Reference Book Ed. 3 (2000)

Crompton's Battery Reference Book has become the standard reference source for a wide range of professionals and students involved in designing, manufacturing, and specifying products and systems that use batteries.This book is unique in providing extensive data on specific battery types, manufacturers and suppliers, as well as covering the theory - an aspect of the book which makes an updated edition important for every professional's library. The coverage of different types of battery is fully comprehensive, ranging from minute button cells to large installations weighing several hundred tonnes.
Epidemiology of Epstein–Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infections in peripheral blood leukocytes revealed by a multiplex PCR assay (2006)

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been developed for the simultaneous detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) in a clinical sample. Primers of multiplex PCR were designed to amplify specific regions of the EBV EBNA1, CMV IE2, and KSHV LANA genes. This multiplex PCR assay was found to have detection sensitivities of 1-10 copies of purified viral DNA cloned into the plasmid. To assess diagnostic and pre-clinical applications with this method, we utilized KSHV-positive primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells, EBV-positive Burkitt's lymphoma cells, CMV-infected fibroblast cells, and clinically prepared peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) that had been infected with viruses. We found that this multiplex PCR assay has high sensitivity and specificity for simultaneous detection of EBV, CMV, and KSHV genomes in a single amplification from a clinical material. Using this multiplex PCR assay, we investigated the prevalence of EBV, CMV, and KSHV in PBL samples from normal Japanese randomly selected. KSHV, EBV, and CMV genomes were detected in samples from 2 (0.2%), 377 (39.5%), and 27 (2.8%) of the 953 blood donors, respectively. Interestingly, both EBV and CMV genomes were detected in samples from all KSHV-positive donors.