gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
YNU_DYX at SemEval-2019 Task 5: A Stacked BiGRU Model Based on Capsule Network in Detection of Hate (2019)

This paper describes our system designed for SemEval 2019 Task 5 "Shared Task on Multilingual Detection of Hate". We only participate in subtask-A in English. To address this task, we present a stacked BiGRU model based on a capsule network system. In order to convert the tweets into corresponding vector representations and input them into the neural network, we use the fastText tools to get word representations. Then, the sentence representation is enriched by stacked Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Units (BiGRUs) and used as the input of capsule network. Our system achieves an average F 1 -score of 0.546 and ranks 3rd in the subtask-A in English.
Accumulation of 5(4)-Amino-4(5)-imidazolecarboxamide Riboside by Base Auxotroph of<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (1962)

Journal Article Accumulation of 5(4)-Amino-4(5)-imidazolecarboxamide Riboside by Base Auxotroph of Bacillus subtilis Get access Teruo Shiro, Teruo Shiro Central Research Laboratory of Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Kawasaki Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Akio Yamanoi, Akio Yamanoi Central Research Laboratory of Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Kawasaki Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shimpachi Konishi, Shimpachi Konishi Central Research Laboratory of Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Kawasaki Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shinji Okumura, Shinji Okumura Central Research Laboratory of Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Kawasaki Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Masahiro Takahashi Masahiro Takahashi Central Research Laboratory of Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Kawasaki Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 26, Issue 11, 1 November 1962, Pages 785–786, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1962.10858045 Published: 01 November 1962 Article history Received: 24 August 1962 Published: 01 November 1962
Ketamine versus midazolam in bipolar depression with suicidal thoughts: A pilot midazolam‐controlled randomized clinical trial (2017)

The study demonstrated feasibility. Suicidal thoughts were lower after ketamine than after midazolam at a trend level of significance, likely due to the small pilot sample. Memory improvement and BDNF are promising biomarkers. Replication is needed in an adequately powered full-scale trial.
Blue-Light-Emitting Cationic Water-Soluble Polyfluorene Derivatives with Tunable Quaternization Degree (2002)

The design, synthesis and characterization of novel blue emission cationic water-soluble conjugated polymers based on the polyfluorene (PF) derivatives with amino-terminal groups are described. Water solubility was realized through quaternization of the amino group, which permits a control of the cationic degree, which in turn determines the solubility of the polymers in organic solvents and water. Better solubility in polar solvents was accompanied by a spectral blue shift for polymers with a higher quaternization degree. In the presence of a trace amount of some weak organic acids, the neutral polymer also showed a high solubility in water. Instead of forming a quaternized salt, the 1H NMR spectra indicated that only electrostatic interaction existed between the acid and the amino-terminal groups, which increased the affinity of the polymers with those polar solvents. In addition to the special solubility, good thermal stability as well as the intense fluorescence both in solutions and as films endows this series of materials with the status of most attractive candidates as the transporting/emitting layer in multilayer device fabrication.
Microsphere embedded in cantilever opens the AFM to high resolution optical microscopy (2017)

Summary form only given. The combination of the AFM technique and the sphere-mediated microscopy (SMM) [1] opens a new opportunity to the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). With the help of a tipless AFM cantilever is possible to place and scan a microspheres (MS) close to the surface. From the optical point of view, when a MS is close to a surface act as high NA nanolenses whose optical characteristics define the maximum attainable resolution.We performed a detailed measurement of the spatial resolution in SMM by imaging a calibration target made of gratings with different periodicity. Images of the test gratings with and without the microsphere allowed a full characterization of the spatial frequency response of our microscope (modulation transfer function or MTF) and the consequent quantitative determination of the enhancement in resolution induced by the microsphere[2].
YliH (BssR) and YceP (BssS) Regulate <i>Escherichia coli</i> K-12 Biofilm Formation by Influencing Cell Signaling (2006)

We previously discovered that yliH and yceP are induced in Escherichia coli biofilms (D. Ren, L. A. Bedzyk, S. M. Thomas, R. W. Ye, and T. K. Wood, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 64:515-524, 2004). Here, it is shown that deletion of yceP (b1060) and yliH (b0836) increases biofilm formation in continuous-flow chambers with minimal glucose medium by increasing biofilm mass (240- to 290-fold), surface coverage (16- to 31-fold), and mean thickness (2,800-fold). To determine the genetic basis of the increase in biofilm formation, we examined the differential gene expression profile in biofilms for both the mutants relative to the wild-type strain in rich medium with glucose and found that 372 to 882 genes were induced and that 76 to 337 were repressed consistently >2-fold (P < or = 0.05). The increase in biofilm formation was related to differential expression of genes related to stress response (8 to 64 genes) for both mutants, including rpoS and sdiA. More importantly, 42 to 130 genes related to autoinducer 2 cell signaling were also differentially expressed, including gadAB and flgBCEGHIJLMN, as well as signaling through indole, since 17 to 26 indole-related genes were differentially expressed, including phoAER, gltBD, mtr (encodes protein for indole import), and acrEF (encodes proteins for indole export). Increased biofilm formation in the yliH and yceP mutants in LB supplemented with 0.2% glucose (LB glu) occurred through a reduction in extracellular and intracellular indole concentrations in both mutants (50- to 140-fold), and the addition of indole to the culture restored the wild-type biofilm phenotype; hence, indole represses biofilms. Additionally, both mutants regulate biofilms through quorum sensing, since deletion of either yliH or yceP increased extracellular autoinducer 2 concentrations 50-fold when grown in complex medium (most notably in the stationary phase). Both proteins are involved in motility regulation, since YliH (127 amino acids) and YceP (84 amino acids) repressed motility two to sevenfold (P < or = 0.05) in LB, and YceP repressed motility sevenfold (P < or = 0.05) in LB glu. Heightened motility in the yceP mutant occurred, due to increased transcription of the flagella and motility loci, including fliC, motA, and qseB (3- to 86-fold). We propose new names for these two loci: bssR for yliH and bssS for yceP, based on the phrase "regulator of biofilm through signal secretion."
Solid phase epitaxy of deposited amorphous Ge on GaAs (1985)

Solid phase epitaxial growth of electron beam deposited amorphous germanium on GaAs has been obtained. Contamination at the Ge/GaAs interface is observed to impede and even prevent epitaxy of the deposited Ge layer. Complete epitaxy of the Ge was obtained by thermal annealing (400 °C for 1 h) of layers deposited on in situ sputter cleaned GaAs substrates.
Avoiding exponential explosion (2001)

Current verification condition (VC) generation algorithms, such as weakest preconditions, yield a VC whose size may be exponential in the size of the code fragment being checked. This paper describes a two-stage VC generation algorithm that generates compact VCs whose size is worst-case quadratic in the size of the source fragment, and is close to linear in practice.This two-stage VC generation algorithm has been implemented as part of the Extended Static Checker for Java. It has allowed us to check large and complex methods that would otherwise be impossible to check due to time and space constraints.
Hepatocytes Do Not Undergo Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Liver Fibrosis in Mice (2009)

Type I collagen-producing cells do not originate from hepatocytes. Hepatocytes in vivo neither acquire mesenchymal marker expression nor exhibit a morphological change clearly distinguishable from normal hepatocytes. Our results strongly challenge the concept that hepatocytes in vivo acquire a mesenchymal phenotype through EMT to produce the ECM in liver fibrosis.
Photo- and redox-active [2]rotaxanes and [2]catenanes (1996)

A. C. Benniston, Chem. Soc. Rev., 1996, 25, 427 DOI: 10.1039/CS9962500427
Prostate Brachytherapy Seed Reconstruction With Gaussian Blurring and Optimal Coverage Cost (2009)

Intraoperative dosimetry in prostate brachytherapy requires localization of the implanted radioactive seeds. A tomosynthesis-based seed reconstruction method is proposed. A three-dimensional volume is reconstructed from Gaussian-blurred projection images and candidate seed locations are computed from the reconstructed volume. A false positive seed removal process, formulated as an optimal coverage problem, iteratively removes "ghost" seeds that are created by tomosynthesis reconstruction. In an effort to minimize pose errors that are common in conventional C-arms, initial pose parameter estimates are iteratively corrected by using the detected candidate seeds as fiducials, which automatically "focuses" the collected images and improves successive reconstructed volumes. Simulation results imply that the implanted seed locations can be estimated with a detection rate of > or = 97.9% and > or = 99.3% from three and four images, respectively, when the C-arm is calibrated and the pose of the C-arm is known. The algorithm was also validated on phantom data sets successfully localizing the implanted seeds from four or five images. In a Phase-1 clinical trial, we were able to localize the implanted seeds from five intraoperative fluoroscopy images with 98.8% (STD=1.6) overall detection rate.
CMOS active pixel image sensor with combined linear and logarithmic mode operation (2002)

An active photodiode 4/spl times/64 image sensor array was designed and fabricated using a 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS process. The sensor includes on-chip timing and control as well as correlated double sampling for readout. The operation of the sensor is selectable between a linear integration mode and a logarithmic mode using the same array of pixels.
Proactive defense for evolving cyber threats (2011)

There is significant interest to develop proactive approaches to cyber defense, in which future attack strategies are anticipated and these insights are incorporated into defense designs. This paper considers the problem of protecting computer networks against intrusions and other attacks, and leverages the coevolutionary relationship between attackers and defenders to derive two new methods for proactive network defense. The first method is a bipartite graph-based machine learning algorithm which enables information concerning previous attacks to be “transferred” for application against novel attacks, thereby substantially increasing the rate with which defense systems can successfully respond to new attacks. The second approach involves exploiting basic threat information (e.g., from cyber security analysts) to generate “synthetic” attack data for use in training defense systems, resulting in networks defenses that are effective against both current and (near) future attacks. The utility of the proposed methods is demonstrated by showing that they outperform standard techniques for the task of detecting malicious network activity in two publicly-available cyber datasets.
EFFECTS OF SHEAR‐THINNING BEHAVIOR ON MIXER VISCOMETRY TECHNIQUES3 (1987)

Brookfield RVTD and HBTD viscometers equipped with a flag impeller, having an impeller‐to‐cup diameter ratio of 0.55, and non‐Newtonian fluids 1.0% guar gum and 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5% carboxymethylcellulose were used to collect torque versus rotational speed 0.5–10.5 rad/s (0.5–100 rpm) data. Power Law consistency coefficient and shear thinning index were quantified using a Haake concentric cylinder viscometer. The proportionality constant which relates mixer shaft speed to effective shear rate (k 1 ) was very sensitive to the shear thinning index at low values of rotational velocity. Results indicate that it is not practical to use one constant value for k 1 when measuring properties of shear thinning fluids at low values of N or when using impeller‐to‐cup ratios significantly less than 1.0.
<i>Prosecutor</i> v. <i>Dragan Nikolić</i>: Decision on Defence Motion on Illegal Capture (2003)

In November 1994 the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), indicted its first accused, Dragan Nikolić. It was not until over five years later, however, in April 2000, that he was finally arrested and transferred to The Hague. The circumstances of his arrest – which reportedly featured his being violently abducted from his home in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) by Serbian criminals before being transferred to the NATO-led Stabilization Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina and, ultimately, to the ICTY in The Hague – were the subject of a pre-trial motion. Nikolić's defence counsel asserted that the nature of his capture was such that the appropriate remedy was to dismiss the charges against him and order his return to the FRY. They made this assertion despite an admission, for the purposes of the motion, that the captors lacked any connection with SFOR or the ICTY. The trial chamber rejected the motion. In reaching its decision, the trial chamber considered fundamental issues about what constituted an illegal capture for the purposes of the ICTY and, without explicitly doing so, appeared to reject the view of the Court in Eichmann that a person may not oppose his being tried by reason of the illegality of his capture.
The Economy in the Nineties: Through the Slump to Prosperity? (1990)

Abstract There is general agreement that the economy is in slump. There is also general agreement that the slump is the product of macroeconomic policy. In an attempt to redress the adverse balance of payments public policy has dampened economic activity through tight fiscal and monetary policy. The need to contain the growth in imports will have a vital bearing on the economic growth facilitated by public policy in the short and medium term. The paper details the factors determining the appropriate levels of growth in the short term which will enable a “soft” landing for the economy. However, the paper doubts that this “soft” landing will be achieved. The paper also examines the longer term prospects. It argues that, given the appropriate policy framework, a period of prosperity is achievable.
<i>ATSAS 2.8</i>: a comprehensive data analysis suite for small-angle scattering from macromolecular solutions (2017)

<i>ATSAS</i> is a comprehensive software suite for the analysis of small-angle scattering data from dilute solutions of biological macromolecules or nanoparticles. It contains applications for primary data processing and assessment, <i>ab initio</i> bead modelling, and model validation, as well as methods for the analysis of flexibility and mixtures. In addition, approaches are supported that utilize information from X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy or atomistic homology modelling to construct hybrid models based on the scattering data. This article summarizes the progress made during the 2.5-2.8 <i>ATSAS</i> release series and highlights the latest developments. These include <i>AMBIMETER</i>, an assessment of the reconstruction ambiguity of experimental data; <i>DATCLASS</i>, a multiclass shape classification based on experimental data; <i>SASRES</i>, for estimating the resolution of <i>ab initio</i> model reconstructions; <i>CHROMIXS</i>, a convenient interface to analyse in-line size exclusion chromatography data; <i>SHANUM</i>, to evaluate the useful angular range in measured data; <i>SREFLEX</i>, to refine available high-resolution models using normal mode analysis; <i>SUPALM</i> for a rapid superposition of low- and high-resolution models; and <i>SASPy</i>, the <i>ATSAS</i> plugin for interactive modelling in <i>PyMOL</i>. All these features and other improvements are included in the <i>ATSAS</i> release 2.8, freely available for academic users from https://www.embl-hamburg.de/biosaxs/software.html.
Bandwidth extension for mixed asynchronous synchronous speech transmission (2009)

Increasing the bandwidth of speech signals from the classical telephone bandwidth of 300-3400 Hz to the wider bandwidth of 50-7000 Hz results in increased intelligibility and naturalness. This work presents a low complexity and low latency bandwidth extension approach for speech coding that is suitable for mixed asynchronous and synchronous transmission. At the encoder, the speech signal is sampled at a rate of 16 kHz and decomposed into two subbands of equal bandwidth. The lower subband signal is transmitted using a synchronous connection oriented link. The signal of the higher subband is analyzed resulting in signal parameters that are transmitted asynchronously. This technique can be used with communication links that provide simultaneous data and narrow band speech transmission as for example with Bluetooth.
Development of spontaneous uterine tumors in low molecular mass polypeptide-2 knockout mice. (2002)

The presentation of antigenic peptides by MHC class I molecules is important for tumor rejection by CTLs. Such antigenic peptides are generated as a result of the degradation of intracellular proteins by the proteasome pathway, a process that is influenced by the IFN-gamma-inducible low molecular mass polypeptide-2 (LMP2) subunit of the proteasome complex. LMP2 knockout mice thus exhibit a defect in proteasome function. Female LMP2(-/-) mice are now shown to develop uterine neoplasms, with a disease prevalence of approximately 36% by 12 months of age. This observation indicates that proteasome function is essential for MHC class I-mediated tumor rejection by CTLs.
Real Time Hyperspectroscopy for Dynamical Study of Carbon Nanotubes (2016)

Photoluminescence excitation mapping used routinely to characterize semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (sc-SWCNTs) is extended to provide time-dependent data. A hyperspectral method based on a supercontinuum light source and an imaging detector is demonstrated with excitation and emission wavelengths spanning 600–1000 and 1050–1650 nm, respectively, at time scales <100 ms. An example of a titration experiment is given to highlight the potential offered by the technique. Specifically, the dependence of luminescence yield on acceptor concentration is tracked for 18 different chirality assigned sc-SWCNT species. Dopant-induced quenching presents a simple dependence on nanotube diameter, with larger diameter being most affected, while chirality does not appear to be a dominant factor. In a second example, the successive addition of acceptor and donor molecules leads to a modulation of luminescence intensity upon hole doping and dedoping.
Discussion and Recommendations (1992)

Lever, E. L.; Walter, M. H.; Condon, S. C.; Balasubramaniam, K.; Chen, Y. K.; Mitchell, R. D.; Herber, R.; Collen, M. J. Author Information
Polymeric Drug Delivery II (2006)

An overview is given presenting various strategies to deliver small molecule and macromolecule drugs from polymeric matrices. In addition, drug particle engineering processes are described, including the application of supercritical fluids, controlled precipitation, and co-crystallization of drugs with polymeric templates, with the goal to facilitate drug solubility in water, and therefore, enhance drug bioavailability.
Analyse von Längsschnittdaten: (2003)

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Zur statistischen Auswertung von Längsschnittdaten werden häufig etablierte Methoden wie die Varianzanalyse mit Messwiederholung verwendet, die jedoch hinsichtlich ihrer statistischen Annahmen und der Berücksichtigung fehlender Werte sehr begrenzt sind. In den letzten Jahren wurden geeignetere Verfahren entwickelt, die sich unter den Begriffen Mehrebenenmodelle oder hierarchische lineare Modelle (HLM) zusammenfassen lassen. Fragestellung: Die Verbesserungen durch flexiblere Annahmen in der Varianzanalyse und insbesondere durch den so genannten random regression-Ansatz, der in vielen Fällen eine sinnvolle Alternative zu varianzanalytischen Verfahren darstellen kann, werden erläutert. Methode: Die Herleitung erfolgt nicht-technisch am Beispiel einer Therapieverlaufsstudie und folgt klinisch-psychologischen Fragestellungen. Ergebnisse: Es zeigt sich, dass mit den Methoden der HLM die besonderen Anforderungen von Therapieverlaufsdaten wie personenspezifische Effekte, variierende serielle Abhängigkeiten und ungleiche Erhebungszeitpunkte wesentlich besser modelliert werden können. Schlussfolgerung: Der Einsatz der HLM ermöglicht flexiblere Auswertungsansätze, wodurch die Teststärke und die Präzision der statistischen Tests für die Therapieevaluation und -prognose wächst.
Three-Dimensional Guidance System for Implant Insertion: Part I (1998)

A technique is presented, with two sets of newly designed drills, that facilitates three-dimensional guided insertion of implants. A radiographic guide has been fabricated with titanium markers that are transferred into the CT scan reformatted images. The resulting cross-sectional and panoramic reformatted images provide the precise location for each implant. The buccolingual and mesiodistal inclinations of each implant are measured and transferred to a surgical guide that contains steel drill guide tubes. The starting point and three-dimensional orientation of each implant is then transferred to a pilot osteotomy. The widening of an osteotomy, with end-cutting drills of the usual design, can lead to the loss of orientation because a wider drill cannot be effectively guided by a smaller diameter osteotomy. A newly designed set of drills has been developed that maintains tracking of the original orientation as the incremental increase in width proceeds. The three-dimensional guidance system for implant insertion was first accomplished in vitro and then on patients.
Cloning of Physarum actin sequences in an exonuclease-deficient bacterial host. (1985)

A genomic library of Physarum was constructed in the replacement vector EMBL3. Efficient propagation of the recombinant phages occurred only on the recBC-sbcB- host Escherichia coli CES200, which is deficient in the exonucleases I and V. Thirteen different recombinants with actin-related sequences were detected and 10 were purified from 90,000 plaques (the equivalent of 6 Physarum genomes) on strain CES200. Comparison of the plating efficiencies of the library and the actin-related isolates suggests that palindromic DNA sequences are responsible for the instability of Physarum DNA in E. coli. In one of these isolates, lambda PpA10, and in a 2.81-kilobase subclone of that isolate in plasmid pBR322, a deletion of 360 base pairs was detected that led to stable propagation of the recombinant DNA molecules in Rec+ E. coli. Electron microscopic analysis of the 2.81-kilobase fragment, after denaturation and self-hybridization, revealed secondary structures consistent with "foldback" structures. Restriction and DNA blot analysis of lambda PpA10 suggest that the unstable DNA segment is in close proximity to, if not part of, the previously defined actin-gene locus ardA.