gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Signal processing techniques for wideband communications systems (2003)

In order to provide for the planning of the development and conceptual design of a wideband satellite system, various signal processing techniques required by the satellite payload are investigated. These techniques include polyphase filtering, fast Fourier transform (FFT) filtering, and tree filter bank techniques. This paper reviews and compares these techniques in a unified framework to assess their applicability to the design of a wideband satellite system.
Expert capnogram analysis (1992)

A real-time expert system that deciphers CO/sub 2/ waveforms (capnograms) is described. The Capnogram Analyzer Expert System (CAES) was designed using both traditional pattern-recognition methods and an artificial intelligence (AI) approach for signal description and classification. The pattern-recognition technique is used to extract features from the digitized CO/sub 2/ waveforms. The AI approach involves abstracting CO/sub 2/ waveforms from numeric representation to higher-level symbolic representation and a so-called reasoning step to analyze the symbolic data. The CAES consists of three essential components: segmentation, single breath cycle identification and waveform classification. Each component is an expert in itself and is responsible for abstracting the waveform information from a lower level to a higher level using its own domain-specific knowledge base.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reaction between Ethylene and Cycloruthenated Tertiary Amines:  Stoichiometric Olefin Arylation and Stereospecific One-Carbon-Atom Insertion (2002)

Ethene has been reacted under mild conditions with the benzene cycloruthenated dimethyl(phenylmethyl)amine compounds [Ru(η6-C6H6){2-(CH2NMe2-κN)-C6H4-κC1}L]+ (1a, L = Cl-; 1b, L = NCMe), obtained via intramolecular C−H activation. The stoichiometric arylated olefin dimethyl((2-ethenylphenyl)methyl)amine (2) and/or new organometallic species resulting from the overall insertion of one carbon atom into the Ru−C bond, [Ru(η6-C6H6){1-(CHMe-κC)-2-(CH2NMe2-κN)-C6H4}L]+ (3a, L = Cl-; 3b, L = NCMe), have been obtained in varying proportions according to the reaction conditions and to the nature of the starting complex. The six-membered metallacycles were found as a single pair of enantiomers of RRuRC and SRuSC configurations, as established by 1H NOE experiments. In solution under an argon atmosphere, 3a rearranged to the more stable five-membered ruthenacycle [Ru(η6-C6H6){2-(CH2NMe2-κN)-3-Et-C6H3-κC1}Cl] (4a). Under ethene pressure, the intramolecular rearrangement is followed by a second ethene insertion into the Ru−C bond, leading to the formation of [Ru(η6-C6H6){1-(CHMe-κC)-2-(CH2NMe2-κN)-3-Et-C6H3}Cl] (5a), the overall reaction being the result of a double C−H activation. A molecule of propene has also been inserted into the Ru−C bond of 1a. Diastereo- and regiospecific double insertion leading to the formation of [Ru(η6-C6H6){1-(CHEt-κC)-2-(CH2NMe2-κN)-3-iPr-C6H3}Cl] (7a) has been observed. Ethene insertion performed on the benzene ruthenacycle 1a in deuterated methanol led to stereospecific deuterium incorporation in the six-membered metallacycle 3a at both carbon atoms of the CHMe unit. These data militate in favor of the reversibility of most elementary steps of the insertion process.
Selective Arylation of Diols Using Arene-Iron Chemistry (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleSelective Arylation of Diols Using Arene-Iron ChemistryAnthony J. Pearson and Ann M. GelorminiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 1, 281–284Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00106a053https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00106a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views229Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Nondestructive Fissile Isotopic Measurement Technique for Uranium-233–Uranium-235 Fuels Using Prompt and Delayed Fission Neutron Counting (1980)

Assay and analysis procedures were developed for nondestructive fissile isotopic measurement of mixed 233U-235U fuel samples. For 233U, the number of delayed neutrons released per fission is about half that for 235U, although the number of prompt neutrons is approximately the same. By separately counting prompt and delayed neutrons released by a sample exposed to neutron irradiation, the amounts of 233U and 235U present in the sample can be determined. Equations of delayed and prompt neutron counts versus 233U and 235U contents are solved simultaneously for the 233U and 235U contents of a sample.Eleven samples containing mixtures of 233U and 235U from no 233U to nearly 100% were prepared and assayed in prompt and delayed neutron assay devices. Constants for calibration equations were fitted to data from nine of the samples. The maximum differences between counts calculated by the calibration equations and measured counts were 2.3% for delayed neutrons and 1.2% for prompt neutrons, indicating a good selection of the form for the calibration equations. The two remaining samples were treated as unknown, and the uranium contents of these samples were determined by simultaneously solving the two calibration equations. The maximum difference between measured 233U or 235U content and actual content for either sample was 1.5%.
Structure-Activity Relationships of Polyhydroxyursane-type Triterpenoids on the Cytoprotective and Anti-inflammatory Effects (2007)

Eleven polyhydroxyursane triterpenoids (PHUTs) were tested to determine their cytoprotective, immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. To compare the bioactivities of 19α-hydroxyursane-type triterpenoids {23-hydroxytormentic acid (6), its methyl ester (7), tormentic acid (8), niga-ichigoside F1 (9), euscaphic acid (10) and kaji-ichigoside F1 (11)} of the Rosaceae crude drugs (Rubi Fructus and Rosa rugosae Radix) with PHUTs possessing no 19α-hydroxyl of Centella asiatica (Umbelliferae), the four PHUTs, asiaticoside (1), madecassoside (2), asiatic acid (3), and madecassic acid (4) were isolated from C. asiatica and 23-hydroxyursolic acid (5) from Cussonia bancoensis. Cytoprotective effects were assessed by measuring cell viabilities against cisplatin-induced cytotoxocity in LLC-PK1 cells (proximal tubule, pig kidney) to determine whether these agents have protective effects against nephrotoxicity caused by cisplatin. The inhibitory effect of 11 PHUTs on nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were evaluated by measuring nitrite accumulation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage RAW 264.7 cells, and their anti-inflammatory effects were tested in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced mouse ear edema model. Six MHUTs (compounds 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, and 11) exhibited higher cell viabilities during cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity testing even at a concentration of 200 ug/ml than cisplatin only-treated group, suggesting that these compounds have the potent cytoprotective effects. Compounds 1 and 3 of the C. asiatica and niga-ichigoside F1 exhibited no inhibitory effect on NO and/or PGE2 production whereas other PHUTs produced mild to significant NO and/or PGE2 production. The four compounds (2, 5, 9, and 10) potently inhibited mouse ear edema induced by TPA whereas two compounds (1 and 3) had no activity in this test. These results suggest that many PHUTs are potent chemopreventives. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) was also discussed in each assay with regard to the significant role of OHs at the position of 2, 3, 6, 19, and 23 and to the glycoside linkage at the 28-carboxyl.
γ‐Irradiation‐ and radical‐initiated polymerization of <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>‐dimethylethenesulfonamide (1964)

Abstract The γ‐irradiation‐induced polymerization of N , N ‐dimethylethenesulfonamide, m.p. −3 to −2°C., has been studied in the liquid, supercooled liquid, and solid states from −50 to +42°C. The polymerization is relatively slow (0.8%/hr.) at 0.13 Mr/hr. and is inhibited in the solid state. The activation energy (−16°C. super‐cooled liquid to 42°C.), −2.4 kcal./mole, indicates an ionic process. The radical‐initiated (peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, ultraviolet) polymerization gives low molecular weight products. The marked decrease in rate for the N , N ‐dimethyl derivative as compared to that for ethenesulfonamide itself is attributed to an increased irradiation instability associated with N ‐methyl structures which parallels that for amides and N ‐methylamides in carbon tetrachloride.
Processing and mechanical properties of laminated metal composites of Al 6090-25 vol % SiC{sub p} and Al 5182 (1993)

Multi-layer laminate metal composites (LMCs) containing equal volume percent of Al 5182 and Al 6090--25 Vol.% SiC{sub p} were made. The laminates were prepared by hot pressing alternate layers to a fourth of initial height at 450C in argon gas atmosphere. Some laminates were warm rolled by repeatedly heating to 450C and rolling. The large plastic deformation ensured good bonding between layers. Tensile properties, fracture toughness, and damping capacity of these deformation-bonded laminates were measured. Surface descaling prior to lamination enhanced the tensile properties and toughness substantially. Post-lamination T6 heat treatment increased tensile yield and flow stress and reduced the ductility. Interfaces and dissimilar properties of the component materials enhanced the damping capacity. Yield and tensile strengths were slightly lower than values calculated from rule-of-averages based on the component materials. Toughness and damping capacity were, on the other hand, far superior to those of component materials. Ductility of the laminates was increased as the layer thickness was reduced.
Instantaneous ion configurations in the K <sup>+</sup> ion channel selectivity filter revealed by 2D IR spectroscopy (2016)

Potassium channels are responsible for the selective permeation of K<sup>+</sup> ions across cell membranes. K<sup>+</sup> ions permeate in single file through the selectivity filter, a narrow pore lined by backbone carbonyls that compose four K<sup>+</sup> binding sites. Here, we report on the two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectra of a semisynthetic KcsA channel with site-specific heavy (<sup>13</sup>C<sup>18</sup>O) isotope labels in the selectivity filter. The ultrafast time resolution of 2D IR spectroscopy provides an instantaneous snapshot of the multi-ion configurations and structural distributions that occur spontaneously in the filter. Two elongated features are resolved, revealing the statistical weighting of two structural conformations. The spectra are reproduced by molecular dynamics simulations of structures with water separating two K<sup>+</sup> ions in the binding sites, ruling out configurations with ions occupying adjacent sites.
Syncytial mutations in the herpes simplex virus type 1 gK (UL53) gene occur in two distinct domains (1994)

Syncytial (syn) mutants of herpes simplex virus cause cell fusion. Many syn mutations map to the syn1 locus, which has been identified with the gK (UL53) gene. In this work, the gK genes of eight syn mutants derived from the KOS strain were sequenced to identify residues and, possibly, domains important for the fusion activity of mutant gK. DNA sequencing showed that six mutants (syn30, syn31, syn32, syn102, syn103, and syn105) had single missense mutations in the gK gene. Two of these, syn31 and syn32, had identical mutations that caused the introduction of a potential site for N-linked glycosylation. syn31 gK was analyzed by in vitro translation and found to utilize the novel glycosylation site. Two other mutants, syn8 and syn33, had three mutations each, resulting in three amino acid substitutions in syn8 and two substitutions in syn33. Of the 10 gK syn mutant sequences known, 8 have mutations in the N-terminal domain of gK, suggesting that this domain, which is likely to be an ectodomain, is important for the function of the protein. The other two mutants, syn30 and syn103, have mutations near the C terminus of gK.
Creative Women in Medieval and Early Modern Italy: A Religious and Artistic Renaissance. Edited by E. Anne Matter and Coakley John. Philadelphia, Pa.: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994. xiv + 356 pp. $36.95. (1996)

Creative Women in Medieval and Early Modern Italy: A Religious and Artistic Renaissance. Edited by E. Anne Matter and Coakley John. Philadelphia, Pa.: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994. xiv + 356 pp. $36.95. - Volume 65 Issue 1
Dilute phase behavior of cetyl alcohol, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDilute phase behavior of cetyl alcohol, sodium lauryl sulfate, and waterRichard J. Goetz and Mohamed S. El-AasserCite this: Langmuir 1990, 6, 1, 132–136Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00091a020https://doi.org/10.1021/la00091a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views479Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Restoring Degraded Face Images: A Case Study in Matching Faxed, Printed, and Scanned Photos (2011)

We study the problem of restoring severely degraded face images such as images scanned from passport photos or images subjected to fax compression, downscaling, and printing. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the complexity of face recognition in such realistic scenarios and to provide a viable solution to it. The contributions of this work are two-fold. First, a database of face images is assembled and used to illustrate the challenges associated with matching severely degraded face images. Second, a preprocessing scheme with low computational complexity is developed in order to eliminate the noise present in degraded images and restore their quality. An extensive experimental study is performed to establish that the proposed restoration scheme improves the quality of the ensuing face images while simultaneously improving the performance of face matching.
Long lossy lines (L/sup 3/) and their impact upon large chip performance (2002)

The semiconductor industry expects the performance of microprocessors to continue at its current rate of improvement, i.e. clock rates should double every two to three years. This is a commendable goal, but it is also fair to question whether this is an achievable goal. The fundamental problem is that as ground rules are reduced, the natural tendency is to make smaller conductor cross-sectional areas. The result is a high resistance line that exhibits slow wave propagation effects (Ho et al, 1982). This reduces the general performance expectations. As circuits become faster and denser on the chip, line delays become greater than expected. This problem is analyzed and potential chip and packaging solutions are offered. Clock rate predictions for various design and process options are made. A tactical recommendation to consider a total packaged electronics solution is presented.
FINE STRUCTURE OF CHROMOSOMES (1956)

Electron micrographs of staminate hair cells of Tradescantia reflexa indicate that early prophase chromosomes are composed of a number of helically arranged chromonemata. Favorable preparations reveal as many as 64 identifiable subsidiary strands, assumedly arranged as intertwined pairs to form a hierarchy of pairs of pairs. The helices of the smallest discernible units have a diameter of about 125 A, with highly electron-scattering material disposed peripherally around a less dense "core." The wall of this peripheral ring has a thickness of about 40 A, and apparently represents another pair of coiled threads surrounding a 40 A central axis. The implications of the findings are discussed briefly.
Development and Real-Time Implementation of Recurrent Neural Networks for AFR Prediction and Control (2008)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The paper focuses on the experimental identification and validation of recurrent neural networks (RNN) for real-time prediction and control of air-fuel ratio (AFR) in spark-ignited engines. Suited training procedures and experimental tests are proposed to improve RNN precision and generalization in predicting both forward and inverse AFR dynamics for a wide range of operating scenarios. The reference engine has been tested by means of an integrated system of hardware and software tools for engine test automation and control strategies prototyping. The comparison between RNNs simulation and experimental trajectories showed the high accuracy and generalization capabilities guaranteed by RNNs in reproducing forward and inverse AFR dynamics.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Then, a fast and easy-to-handle procedure was set-up to verify the potentialities of the inverse RNN to perform feed-forward control of AFR. Preliminary experimental tests indicate how the inverse RNN controller performance are comparable and in some cases even better than those guaranteed by the commercial ECU the reference engine is equipped with. Therefore RNN-based control of AFR emerges as a high potential alternative to reduce calibration efforts and to improve control performance as compared to the currently adopted techniques.</div>
Persistent reduction in IL-6 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with rheumatoid arthritis after treatment with a monoclonal antibody to CD54 (ICAM-1) (1996)

There is persistent excessive production of a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A number of experimental therapies have been found to be effective in the treatment of RA, although the effects of these therapies on cytokine production have not been evaluated. One such experimental therapy involves administration of a MoAb to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) that has been shown to be clinically beneficial in approximately 60% of the patients, with some patients responding for up to 11 months. The current studies were carried out to determine whether the success of this therapy was associated with changes in mRNA levels for pro-inflammatory and other monocyte-derived cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Cytokine mRNA levels were assessed in freshly isolated unstimulated PBMC by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after minimal in vitro manipulation of the cells. Anti-ICAM-1 MoAb administration was followed by an increase in IL-1 beta, IL-8, and tumour-necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA detected at 2 or 24 h after the initial infusion in the clinical responders, but no persistent change in these cytokine mRNA levels were observed that correlated with clinical benefit. By contrast, IL-6 mRNA levels declined immediately after the first MoAb infusion and reached pretreatment values variably after the 5 day treatment course. IL-6 mRNA levels remained significantly reduced in patients responding to therapy 1 months after treatment. Fluctuations in monocyte numbers within the PBMC after treatment did not account for the observed changes in cytokine mRNA levels. The results suggest that a decline in IL-6 mRNA levels is a pharmacological action of the MoAb to ICAM-1. Moreover, persistently diminished IL-6 mRNA levels induced by anti-ICAM-1 MoAb might be associated with the long-term benefit of this therapy. In addition, monitoring the activation status of monocytes in circulating PBMC may be useful in predicting response to therapy and warrants further investigation in a larger study population.
Experiments in magnetic switching (1981)

Magnetic switching offers an alternative to overcoming the rep-rate and life limitations of the spark gaps in the ETA/ATA induction accelerators. The principle has been applied for many years to radar modulators but at much lower power levels and longer pulse lengths. Comparatively recent developments in magnetic materials together with some optimal circuits have made it possible to go well beyond the state of the art. A magnetic modulator has been built which steps up and compresses a 25 kV, 5 ..mu..s pulse into a 250 kV, 50 ns pulse. A second magnetic modulator has been built and installed to replace four Blumleins and spark gaps in order to provide triggers for the complete ETA injector and accelerator. The paper outlines some practical and theoretical considerations affecting the design of the magnetic pulse generator.