gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Overview of Government Hacking Worldwide (2018)

There has been an ongoing and heated public policy debate on the appropriate role of and limitations to government hacking in maintaining a proper balance of national security and privacy. Asserting that they are compelled to use government hacking tools to protect their countries and populations, law enforcement and government agencies are increasingly strident in expressing the importance of accessing and intercepting encrypted communication data. However, many non-governmental and civil society organizations and activists strongly oppose government hacking because they consider its methods and techniques are extremely invasive and potentially compromising to the fundamental right of privacy. They are also concerned that the implementation of hacking techniques or similar methods would weaken encryption standards and place the security of the Internet at risk. This paper presents an overview of the current status of government hacking and discusses challenges to lawful interception (LI) technology and rules. The current state of LI and government hacking in five countries is reviewed, and capability is assessed in terms of several widely publicized events, in an effort to analyze the limitations of current solutions. Finally, the open challenges to and future direction of government hacking are highlighted.
<i>In vitro</i>effect of antisense oligonucleotides on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcription (1992)

The molecular events involved in antisense-mediated inhibition of retroviral transcription were studied by analyzing the in vitro effect of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides on reverse transcription by Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT). Oligonucleotides have been designed to be complementary to three targets located in the 5' region of the HIV-1 RNA genome: the transactivating response element (TAR), the U5 region and a sequence contiguous to the primer binding site (PrePBS). Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides were used with their 3'-OH end either free or blocked by a dideoxynucleotide in order to avoid cDNA synthesis. Experiments with two recombinant forms of HIV RT, carrying or not RNase H activity, showed that antisense oligonucleotides can arrest reverse transcription by an RNase H-independent mechanism. The AntiTAR oligonucleotide did not affect reverse transcription. In contrast, the AntiU5 and AntiPrePBS oligonucleotides led to an efficient inhibition of both forms of HIV RT. In the case of the AntiU5, the inhibition obtained in the absence of the RNase H activity indicates that this effect can be related to features of the RNA secondary structure. The AntiPrePBS oligonucleotide did bind to its target only in the presence of PBS primer. Use of shifted oligonucleotides showed that the AntiPrePBS inhibitory effect depends on a cooperative annealing with the AntiPBS primer on the template.
Video-based multiple vehicle tracking at intersections (2014)

Recently video-based data collection has been widely used in intelligent transportation systems. For instance, traffic flow monitoring at an intersection is one of these systems used for transportation network analysis. Main problems in intersection monitoring are vehicle detection and tracking. In this paper, we have developed and implemented a video-based vehicle detection and tracking system. The vehicle detection method is based on a combination of background estimation and dynamic texture modeling. After extracting vehicles from the video frames, a point tracking method has been used for prediction of vehicles' central points in the next frames. Weighted recursive least square has been used for point tracking purpose. Moreover, to solve the occlusion of two or more vehicles problem, fast normalized cross correlation algorithm has been used as a template matching method. The reported experimental results, verify the effectiveness of proposed method in vehicle tracking when occlusions occurs.
Development of a Profit-Based Air Cargo Loading Information System (2006)

In today's competitive logistics business environment, airfreight forwarders need to optimize every aspect of their logistics operations. However, forwarders still heavily rely on human brain and working experiences for calculating complex cargo packing and scheduling problems. Although recent research studies related to cargo packing and scheduling problems have resulted in the development of a number of advanced techniques of cargo planning, it can be seen that most of the research work is focused on the optimization of space in order to achieve the maximum possible amount of cargo to be packed in the minimum of space. After numerous site evaluation and end-user feedbacks, it is found that space optimization does not necessarily cause profit optimization, which is the ultimate aim of logistics providers. A study of contemporary research publications indicates that there are inadequate research studies related to profit-based optimization in cargo packing areas. This paper presents a profit-based air cargo loading information system (ACLIS) that embeds an innovative technology known as heuristics iterative reasoning technology (HIRT) that supports loading plan generation, focusing on maximization of the profit margin. In general, the proposed system is meant to maximize the profit in the airfreight forwarding business. It adopts an objective function governed by a list of constraints together with rule-based reasoning to provide expert advice to support the generation of appropriate loading plans
Secure group communications using key graphs (1998)

Many emerging applications (e.g., teleconference, real-time information services, pay per view, distributed interactive simulation, and collaborative work) are based upon a group communications model, i.e., they require packet delivery from one or more authorized senders to a very large number of authorized receivers. As a result, securing group communications (i.e., providing confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of messages delivered between group members) will become a critical networking issue.In this paper, we present a novel solution to the scalability problem of group/multicast key management. We formalize the notion of a secure group as a triple ( U,K,R ) where U denotes a set of users, K a set of keys held by the users, and R a user-key relation. We then introduce key graphs to specify secure groups. For a special class of key graphs, we present three strategies for securely distributing rekey messages after a join/leave, and specify protocols for joining and leaving a secure group. The rekeying strategies and join/leave protocols are implemented in a prototype group key server we have built. We present measurement results from experiments and discuss performance comparisons. We show that our group key management service, using any of the three rekeying strategies, is scalable to large groups with frequent joins and leaves. In particular, the average measured processing time per join/leave increases linearly with the logarithm of group size.
5.14‐Dihydro‐dibenzo[<i>b.i</i>][5.9.14.18]tetraaza[14]annulen, ein makrocyclischer Chelat‐Bildner (1968)

Abstract Propargylaldehyd reagiert mit o ‐Phenylendiamin zu 5.14‐Dihydro‐dibenzo[ b.i ][5.9.14.18]tetraaza[14]annulen ( 1 ). Dieses bildet mit Nickel‐, Kobalt‐ und Kupfersalzen außergewöhnlich stabile Metall‐Chelate 7 , die auf Grund ihrer innerkomplexen und allseitig geschlossenen Struktur mit der Klasse der Phthalocyanin‐ und Porphyrin‐Komplexe eng verwandt sind.
Planar InAs/AlSb HEMTs With Ion-Implanted Isolation (2012)

The fabrication and performance of planar InAs/AlSb high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) based on ion-implantation isolation technology are reported. Ar atoms have been implanted at an energy of 100 keV and with a dose of 2 ×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> in order to induce device isolation. The InAs/AlSb HEMT exhibited a maximum drain current of 900 mA/mm, a peak transconductance of 1180 mS/mm, and an <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> / <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> ratio of 210 GHz/180 GHz at a low drain bias of 0.3 V. The combination of excellent stability against oxidation with the high device isolation demonstrated by the implantation technique can dramatically improve the suitability of InAs/AlSb HEMTs for high-frequency and ultralow-power MMIC applications.
Wavenumber‐based filtering of marine point source data (1992)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1992Wavenumber‐based filtering of marine point source dataAuthors: Lasse AmundsenLasse AmundsenStatoil Research Center, Norwayhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1821920 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1821920FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byEvolution of deghosting process for single-sensor streamer data from 2D to 3D29 May 2018 | Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 66, No. 5Over/under towed‐streamer acquisition: A method to extend the seismic bandwidth to both, higher and lower frequenciesNick Moldoveanu, Leendert Combee, Mark Egan, William Abriel, and Gary Hampson6 October 2006Surface multiple attenuation by up‐down wavefield deconvolution: an OBC case studyJoffrey Brunellière, Philippe Caprioli, Sergio Grion, Dave Tilling, Lasse Amundsen, and Hans Aronsen3 January 2005 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1992ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1992 Pages: 1410 publication data© 1992 Copyright © 1992 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Lasse Amundsen, (1992), "Wavenumber‐based filtering of marine point source data," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1104-1107. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1821920 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Hydroxyapatite Composite Resin Cement Augmentation of Pedicle Screw Fixation (2003)

Pedicle screw stability is poor in osteopenic vertebrae attributable, in part, to low screw-bone interface strength. The current authors examined cement augmentation using a low curing temperature hydroxyapatite and bis-phenol-A glycidol methacrylate-based composite resin. This cement may stiffen the screw-bone interface and reduce the harmful effects associated with polymethylmethacrylate regarding temperature and toxic monomer. Thirty-five lumbar vertebrae from human cadavers were instrumented with pedicle screws, with one pedicle previously injected with cement and the other as the control. Caudocephalad toggling of ± 1 mm for 1600 cycles was applied to the pedicle screws, and the resulting forces supported by the implant-bone interface were captured by a load cell. A curve was constructed from the peak caudal load for each cycle and three mechanical measures parameterized this curve: (1) initial load; (2) rate of load decay during the first 400 cycles; and (3) final load. The initial load increased by 16% as a result of cement augmentation, the final load increased by 65%, and the rate of load decay decreased by 59%. Cement augmentation of pedicle screws increased the stiffness and stability of the screw-bone interface.
Long-acting antiviral agents for HIV treatment (2015)

Phase II studies evaluating the coadministration of rilpivirine and cabotegravir intramuscularly to HIV-infected individuals with an undetectable viral load are currently underway. Rilpivirine and cabotegravir are characterized by different mechanisms of action against HIV and a favorable drug interaction profile, providing a rationale for coadministration. The high potency and low daily dosing requirements of oral cabotegravir and rilpivirine facilitate long-acting formulation development. Intramuscular dosing is preceded by an oral lead-in phase to assess safety and tolerability in individual participants. In addition to assessing the safety of injectable therapies in ongoing studies, it will be important to evaluate whether differences in drug adherence between injectable and oral therapies lead to different virologic outcomes, including rates of virologic failure and the emergence of resistance. Long-acting formulations may be associated with challenges, such as the management of adverse effects with persistent drug concentrations and the risk of virologic resistance, as drug concentrations decline following discontinuation.
Novel procedures for derivatization of ribosomes for crystallographic studies (1989)

Undecagold and tetrairidium clusters have been used for the preparation of heavy-metal derivatives of ribosomal particles, necessary for the evaluation of phases in the x-ray structure determination of these large particles. To obtain specific binding, monofunctional reagents of the clusters were prepared and were covalently bound to free sulfhydryl groups on the surface of the ribosome. In addition, a mutant of Bacillus stearothermophilus which lacks one ribosomal protein (BL11) was grown. The heavy-atom clusters were covalently bound to isolated protein BL11, and the modified protein was consequently reconstituted into the mutated ribosomal subunits. Crystallographic data have been collected from crystals of native particles, from the mutated ones, and from the iridium- and gold-derivatized subunits. All these crystal forms are isomorphous within the experimental error.
Selection of HSV capsids for envelopment involves interaction between capsid surface components pU <sub>L</sub> 31, pU <sub>L</sub> 17, and pU <sub>L</sub> 25 (2011)

During egress from the nucleus, HSV capsids that contain DNA (termed C capsids) are preferentially enveloped at the inner nuclear membrane over capsid types lacking DNA. Using coimmunoprecipitation and biochemical analyses of wild-type and mutant capsids, we identify an interaction between a complex of pU(L)17/pU(L)25, termed the C capsid-specific complex (CCSC), and pU(L)31, a component of the nuclear egress complex (NEC). We also show that the interactions between these components are dependent on expression of all three proteins but occur independently of the pU(L)31 interacting protein and NEC component pU(L)34, as well as a kinase encoded by U(S)3 that phosphorylates both pU(L)31 and pU(L)34. The interaction between the CCSC and pU(L)31 in the NEC suggests a mechanism to conserve viral resources by promoting assembly of only those viral particles with the potential to become infectious.
Kinome Analysis Reveals Nongenomic Glucocorticoid Receptor-Dependent Inhibition of Insulin Signaling (2006)

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are powerful immunosuppressive agents that control genomic effects through GC receptor (GR)-dependent transcriptional changes. A common complication of GC therapy is insulin resistance, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains obscure. Evidence is increasing for rapid genomic-independent GC action on cellular physiology. Here, we generate a comprehensive description of nongenomic GC effects on insulin signaling using peptide arrays containing 1,176 different kinase consensus substrates. Reduced kinase activities of the insulin receptor (INSR) and several downstream INSR signaling intermediates (i.e. p70S6k, AMP-activated protein kinase, glycogen synthase kinase-3, and Fyn) were detected in adipocytes and T lymphocytes due to short-term treatment with dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic fluorinated GC. Western blot analysis confirmed suppressed phosphorylation of the INSR and a series of downstream INSR targets (i.e. INSR substrate-1, p70S6k, protein kinase B, phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase, Fyn, and glycogen synthase kinase-3) after DEX treatment. DEX inhibited insulin signaling through a GR-dependent (RU486 sensitive) and transcription-independent (actinomycin D insensitive) mechanism. Overall, we postulate here a molecular mechanism for GC-induced insulin resistance based on nongenomic GR-dependent inhibition of insulin signaling.
High Yield of Wax Ester Synthesized from Cetyl Alcohol and Octanoic Acid by Lipozyme RMIM and Novozym 435 (2012)

Wax esters are long-chain esters that have been widely applied in premium lubricants, parting agents, antifoaming agents and cosmetics. In this study, the biocatalytic preparation of a specific wax ester, cetyl octanoate, is performed in n-hexane using two commercial immobilized lipases, i.e., Lipozyme(®) RMIM (Rhizomucor miehei) and Novozym(®) 435 (Candida antarctica). Response surface methodology (RSM) and 5-level-4-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD) are employed to evaluate the effects of reaction time (1-5 h), reaction temperature (45-65 °C), substrate molar ratio (1-3:1), and enzyme amount (10%-50%) on the yield of cetyl octanoate. Using RSM to optimize the reaction, the maximum yields reached 94% and 98% using Lipozyme(®) RMIM and Novozym(®) 435, respectively. The optimum conditions for synthesis of cetyl octanoate by both lipases are established and compared. Novozym(®) 435 proves to be a more efficient biocatalyst than Lipozyme(®) RMIM.
Thermal battery performance demonstration for advanced tactical and strategic applications (2002)

An advanced tactical battery development effort and an advanced strategic battery development effort are described. Advanced tactical and advanced strategic weapon systems of the future will require improvements in the present thermal battery technology baseline to meet advanced mission requirements. Thermal battery performance improvements are needed in the areas of longer mission lives, increased dischargeable capacity, tighter voltage regulation, lower battery impedances for better pulse capability, shorter risetimes to operating voltages, and better thermal characteristics through lower case temperatures. Empirical data are presented for test vehicle batteries for the tactical and strategic applications, demonstrating these performance improvements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mercury and Cadmium Resistances Mediated by the Penicillinase Plasmid in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (1974)

Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus mediated by the penicillinase (Pc-ase) plasmid to divalent metal ions of Hg and Cd was found to be controlled by different mechanisms. The Hg resistance of the Pc-ase plasmid-carrying organisms is based upon a process of changing the ion incorporated in the cell into a somewhat innocuous form. This process is independent of temperature and seems to be controlled by an inducible enzyme. The killing effect of Hg salts was not influenced by the coexistence of other di- or monovalent ions such as MgCl(2), CaCl(2), MnCl(2), and NaCl. No vaporization of Hg, which explains the resistance mechanism such as that proposed by Komura et al. for R factor-mediated Hg resistance in enterobacilli, was found in the case of Hg resistance in staphylococci. On the other hand, the resistance to Cd ion is mediated by some protective mechanism to retain the ion outside the cell. Pc-sensitive organisms not carrying the Pc-ase plasmid incorporate Cd ions into the cells, whereas the Pc-ase plasmid-carrying organisms do not. The incorporation of this ion is temperature dependent and does not take place at 4 C. When incubated with this ion at 4 C, Pc-sensitive organisms as well as Pc-resistant organisms are also able to show a resistance. The addition of CaCl(2) could eliminate the killing effect of CdCl(2) with a dose-effective response.
Stabilization of model membranes during drying by compatible solutes involved in the stress tolerance of plants and microorganisms (2004)

Many organisms accumulate compatible solutes under environmental stress conditions. Cyanobacteria accumulate compatible solutes in response to increased external salinity, with tolerance increasing from Suc (sucrose) or trehalose to 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-glycerol and glycinebetaine accumulating species. It is not clear how these different solutes influence salt tolerance. One possible explanation may be a differential ability of these solutes to stabilize membranes under stress conditions. We therefore performed drying experiments with liposomes in the presence of compatible solutes. Suc, trehalose and sorbitol protected liposomes from leakage of a soluble marker and from membrane fusion during drying and rehydration. 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-glycerol was less effective and glycinebetaine showed hardly any effect. In combination with Suc, the latter two solutes showed improved protection. Lipid-phase transitions are known to contribute to solute leakage from liposomes. We determined phase transitions in dry membranes in the absence or presence of the solutes, using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The ability of the solutes to decrease the phase transition temperature corresponded closely to their ability to protect the liposomes against solute leakage. All solutes interacted with the phosphate in the lipid headgroups. The magnitude of the shift in the asymmetric P=O stretching vibration correlated closely with the lipid-phase transition temperature. This indicates that the degree of membrane protection afforded by the solutes is mainly determined by their ability to interact with the membrane lipids. However, this is not a determinant of cellular protection against salt stress, as the solutes show a reverse order when ranked with regard to protection against these stresses.
“WHEN ALL THE SINGING HAS STOPPED” ECCLESIASTES: A MODEST MISSION IN UNPREDICTABLE TIMES (2002)

The ability to enjoy riches and property and to find contentment in work is a gift from God. Such a person will hardly notice the passing of time, so long as God keeps the heart occupied with joy.
Characterization of calcium carbonate obtained from oyster and mussel shells and incorporation in polypropylene (2012)

There is a high content of calcium carbonate in mussel and oyster shells, which can be used in the formulation of medicine, in construction or as filler in polymer materials. This work has as its main objective to obtain calcium carbonate from mussel and oyster shells and used as filler in polypropylene compared their properties with polypropylene and commercial calcium carbonate composites. The shellfish was milling and heated at 500 ºC for 2 hours. The powder obtained from shellfish were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence, particle size distribution and abrasiveness and compared with commercial CaCO3 and mixed with polypropylene. The thermal and mechanical properties of polypropylene with CaCO3 obtained from oyster and mussel shells and with commercial CaCO3 were analysed. The results showed that CaCO3 can be obtained from oyster and mussel shell and is technically possible to replace the commercial CaCO3 for that obtained from the shells of shellfish in polypropylene composites.