gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Embolus formation using bismuth polyurethane for tubosterilization observation of 259 cases]. (1991)

A 50% solution of bismuth polyurethane in absolute alcohol, which remains in a liquid state at 70 degrees C and solidifies at body temperature within a few minutes, was used to form embolus in the fallopian tubes for the purpose of tube-sterilization. This compound is non-caustic and proves to be bioadaptable. A modified Foley's catheter was used to introduce the solution into the lumens of the tube by way of the uterine cavity in 259 cases. A 24 month follow-up by life table method was carried out, and 26 were pregnant with a pregnancy rate of 10.0%. The number of successful operation at the first attempt was 234 with 18 cases pregnant (7.7%). The recanalization rate of the tubes within 24 months was 11.4% including those of pregnancy. There was little side reactions postoperatively. A polyethylene 2 way tube with a rubber bulb for instillation of the bismuth polyurethane had been made on October 1990. Ways of improving the successful rate were mentioned. The authors believe that this is a useful procedure of tubo-sterilization, which is easily accepted by the patients and easily carried out by the medical personnel.
A Fast and Novel Intra and Inter Modes Decision Prediction Algorithm for H.264/AVC Based on the Characteristics of Macro-block (2009)

H.264/AVC is a powerful and high performance video compression standard. To achieve high coding efficiency, it employs many new techniques, such as spatial prediction in intra coding, adaptive block size motion compensation, multiple reference pictures, and so on. Especially the complex intra and inter encoding modes, obtain notable coding gains. The high computation burden of mode decision procedure is a challenge to extensive application of H.264/AVC. In this paper, a novel decision algorithm for intra and inter modes is presented based on the characteristics of current macro-block. A fast adaptive intra and inter prediction algorithm is provided for further timesaving. By avoiding a large amount of prediction processing, the computation complexity can be greatly reduced. Experimental results indicated that the proposed algorithm compared by exhaustive search algorithm, can achieve reduction of 67.61% encoding time on average, with a negligible PSNR loss of only 0.03 dB and a mere 0.86% bit rate increase.
Interaction of Bordetella pertussis with mast cells, modulation of cytokine secretion by pertussis toxin (2001)

Together with macrophages and dendritic cells, mast cells have recently been shown to interact with certain pathogenic bacteria and present microbial antigens to the immune system. We show here that Bordetella pertussis can adhere to and be phagocytosed by mast cells. In addition, mast cells are able to process and present B. pertussis antigens to T lymphocytes. Furthermore, exposure of mast cells to B. pertussis induced the release of the proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). The release of IL-6 was strongly reduced by pertussis toxin expressed by B. pertussis. The production of IL-10, but not that of IL-4, by mast cells was also inhibited by pertussis toxin. Depletion of mast cells in vivo resulted in significant reduction of early TNF-alpha production in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids of B. pertussis-infected mice. These data suggest that mast cells may play a role in the induction of immune responses against B. pertussis through the release of cytokines, especially TNF-alpha.
Data Mining for Intrusion Detection (2005)

Today computers control power, oil and gas delivery, communication systems, transportation networks, banking and financial services, and various other infrastructure services critical to the functioning of our society. However, as the cost of the information processing and Internet accessibility falls, more and more organizations are becoming vulnerable to a wide variety of cyber threats. According to a recent survey by CERT/CC (Computer Emergency Response Team/Coordination Center), the rate of cyber attacks has been more than doubling every year in recent times (Figure 1). In addition, the severity and sophistication of the attacks are also growing. For example, Slammer/Sapphire Worm was the fastest computer worm in history. As it began spreading throughout the Internet, it doubled in size every 8.5 seconds and infected at least 75,000 hosts causing network outages and unforeseen consequences such as canceled airline flights, interference with elections, and ATM failures (Moore, 2003).
Multidirectional Triple-Shape-Memory Polymer by Tunable Cross-linking and Crystallization (2020)

Medical fixing is one of the very important applications of the shape-memory polymer material, and the two important properties of the medical fixing material are that it perfectly fits the body during the fixing and easily detaches after being used. As the fixing and detachment are triggered by two independent stimuli in two opposite directions, it is necessary to develop multidirectional triple-shape-memory polymers. In this research, a series of polymer materials composed of <i>trans</i>-polyisoprene (TPI) and paraffin were prepared by melt blending and compression molding, and then the TPI was cross-linked by vulcanization. As a result of the large difference in the melting temperature and crystallization temperature between TPI and paraffin, the obtained polymer materials exhibit a triple-shape-memory behavior. According to the analysis of crystal behavior, microscopic morphology, and mechanical properties of the materials with different paraffin contents and TPI cross-linking density by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, the shape-memory behavior of the obtained materials was tunable by the cross-linking density of TPI and the crystallization degree of TPI or paraffin. Compared with the traditional triple-shape-memory material, our samples are prepared in a more facile way and can recover at human body temperature (37 °C). Moreover, our TPI/paraffin material can realize more flexible multidirectional recovery, as well as can be reprogramed and used multiple times. To the best of our knowledge, there are few polymer materials reported, which can realize multidirectional recovery. These unique multidirectional and reprogramable properties will enable the application of this polymer material, especially in the medical fixing materials.
Poly(<i>N</i>‐acylethylenimine) copolymers containing pendant pentamethyldisiloxanyl groups. III. Surface properties and abhesion (1992)

Abstract The surface properties and abhesion of both N/Si and U/Si series of random copolymers were studied by contact angle and peel strength measurements. When these copolymers are coated on clean glass slides, the contact angles of water on the polymer films are over 105° for copolymers with less than 50 mol % of Si , and 98‐104° for those with more than 50 mol % of Si. All the polymers have similar critical surface energies, 21 dyn/cm (from hydrocarbon probes) and 20 dyn/cm (from EtOH/H 2 O probes), within the experimental error. This demonstrates that the amide groups in the polymer backbones are buried and all the polymers have methyl surfaces. The copolymers with less than 50 mol % Si (for N/Si copolymers) or 20 mol % (for U/Si copolymers) are stable and show good abhesive properties toward Scotch magic tape at or below 50°C. The peel strengths of Scotch magic tape with the copolymer coated slides rise dramatically as the annealing temperatures approach to the melting points of the polymers.
PKR Is Not Required for Interferon- <i>γ</i> Inhibition of VSV Replication in Neurons (2003)

In this report, the contribution of PKR to the IFN-gamma mediated inhibition of VSV replication in neurons was examined. IFN-gamma treatment of NB41A3 murine neuroblastoma cells resulted in the reduced expression of VSV protein during infection. PKR was found to be modestly upregulated in NB41A3 cells following IFN-gamma treatment. The phosphorylation state of PKR and its downstream target, eIF2alpha, were unaffected by either IFN-gamma or VSV infection. Inhibition of PKR through the use of 2-aminopurine or the expression of the Influenza A NS1 gene had no effect on the ability of IFN-gamma to inhibit the replication of VSV in vitro. These data indicate that endogenously expressed PKR is not required for the IFN-gamma mediated inhibition of VSV replication in NB41A3 neuroblastoma cells.
Genomic determinants of organohalide-respiration in Geobacter lovleyi, an unusual member of the Geobacteraceae (2012)

Gene acquisitions have expanded strain SZ's respiratory capabilities to include PCE and TCE as electron acceptors. Respiratory processes core to the Geobacter genus, such as metal reduction, were retained despite a substantially reduced number of c-type cytochrome genes. pSZ77 is stably maintained within its host strains SZ and KB-1, likely because the replicon carries essential genes including genes involved in cobalamin biosynthesis and possibly corrinoid transport. Lateral acquisition of the plasmid replicon and the RDase genomic island represent unique genome features of the PCE-respiring G. lovleyi strains SZ and KB-1, and at least the latter signifies adaptation to PCE contamination.
Serotonin 5-HT7 Receptor Is Critically Involved in Acute and Chronic Inflammation of the Gastrointestinal Tract (2014)

The 5-HT7R expressed on CD11c/CD86-positive myeloid cells modulates the severity of intestinal inflammation in an acute and chronic colitis and thus represents a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory disorders such as CD.
Investigation of Peptide Involvement in T Cell Allorecognition Using Recombinant HLA Class I Multimers (2005)

Alloreactive T cells are involved in injurious graft rejection and graft-vs-host disease. However, they can also evoke beneficial responses to tumor Ags restricted by foreign MHC molecules. Manipulation of these alloreactivities requires information on the basis of T cell allorecognition. The vigorous T cell response to foreign MHC molecules may arise from peptide-independent recognition of polymorphic residues of foreign MHC molecules or peptide-specific recognition of novel peptides presented by foreign MHC molecules. We investigated CD8+ T cell allorecognition using recombinant HLA class I/peptide complexes. Peptide-specific allorecognition was examined using tetramers of HLA-A*0201 representing five peptides derived from ubiquitously expressed self-proteins that are known to bind endogenously to HLA-A*0201. Distinct subsets of CD8+ T cells specific for each HLA-A*0201/peptide combination were detected within four in vitro-stimulated T cell populations specific for foreign HLA-A*0201. Peptide-independent allorecognition was investigated using artificial Ag-presenting constructs (aAPCs) coated with CD54, CD80, and functional densities of a single HLA-A*0201/peptide combination for four different peptides. None of the four T cell populations specific for foreign HLA-A*0201 were stimulated by the aAPCs, whereas they did produce IFN-gamma upon stimulation with cells naturally expressing HLA-A*0201. Thus, aAPCs did not stimulate putative peptide-independent allorestricted T cells. The results show that these alloreactive populations comprise subsets of T cells, each specific for a self-peptide presented by foreign class I molecules, with no evidence of peptide-independent components.
Dynamic MRI for Distinguishing High-Flow from Low-Flow Peripheral Vascular Malformations (2005)

Dynamic MRI is useful for distinguishing high-flow from low-flow vascular malformations, especially when the contrast rise time of the lesion is measured.
Simulation-Based Study of the Inserted-Oxide FinFET for Future Low-Power System-on-Chip Applications (2015)

The performance of an evolutionary FinFET design (iFinFET) is compared against that of the bulk FinFET and gate-all-around (GAA) FET via TCAD three-dimensional device simulations. The results show that the iFinFET is a promising candidate for future low-power system-on-chip applications, providing superior electrostatic integrity relative to the FinFET without the additional process complexity and substantial gate capacitance penalty of the GAA FET.
Silicone breast implant materials (2012)

This opinion article has been written on request because of the recent public controversy over silicone breast implants produced by a now-defunct company, Poly Implant Prosthese (PIP) in France. More than 300,000 PIP devices have been implanted. The purposes of my article are to (1.) provide a general overview of silicone breast implant materials, (2.) to describe the general safety of these materials as reported to date, and (3.) to summarise current publicly available information about these aspects of the PIP prostheses. The materials covered are the silicone rubber from which the implant shells are made and the silicone gel used to fill the shell. The materials safety issues are biocompatibility (especially of the gel) and biodurability of the shell. The literature reviewed indicates that biocompatibility is not an issue with other current generation implants. However, biodurability is. A rough estimate of implant shell rupture rate is ~10+% at 10 years. Information is still emerging about the PIP implants. Initial regulatory disclosures suggest the PIP implants may have both biocompatibility and biodurability problems. They also suggest that PIP implants may have been produced using silicone materials not certified as medical grade. Governmental health and regulatory agencies are just now in the process of deciding what actions should be taken to protect patients.
High-quality unstructured volume rendering on the PC platform (2002)

For the visualization of volume data the application of transfer functions is used widely. In this area the pre-integration technique allows high quality visualizations and the application of arbitrary transfer functions. For regular grids, this approach leads to a two-dimensional pre-integration table which easily fits into texture memory. In contrast to this, unstructured meshes require a three-dimensional pre-integration table. As a consequence the available texture memory limits the resolution of the pre-integration table and the maximum local derivative of the transfer function. Discontinuity artifacts arise if the resolution of the pre-integration table is too low. This paper presents a novel approach for accurate rendering of unstructured grids using the multi-texturing capabilities of commodity PC graphics hardware. Our approach achieves high quality by reconstructing the colors and opacities of the pre-integration table using the high internal precision of the pixel shader. Since we are using standard 2D multi-texturing we are not limited in the size of the pre-integration table. By combining this approach with a hardware-accelerated calculation of the pre-integration table, we achieve both high quality visualizations and interactive classification updates.
Trace contaminants from coal (1981)

Trace contaminants from coal-pollution technology, edited by S. Torrey, Review No. 50 (Noyes Data Corporation, Park Ridge, NJ, 1978, 294pp).
Diamond-Blackfan anemia: genotype-phenotype correlations in Italian patients with RPL5 and RPL11 mutations (2009)

Mutations in four ribosomal proteins account for around 50% of all cases of Diamond-Blackfan anemia in Italian patients. Genotype-phenotype data suggest that mutation screening should begin with RPL5 and RPL11 in patients with Diamond-Blackfan anemia with malformations.
Clinical Translation of Peptide-Based Vaccine Trials: The HER-2/neu Model (2001)

In the development of targeted cancer immunotherapies, the choice of antigen is obviously critical to the design of any therapeutic strategy, but particularly so for tumor vaccines, which must distinguish malignant cells from normal cells. Investigations a decade ago focused on mutated tumor antigens, or viral tumor antigens, with the belief that these foreign or abnormal proteins would be best recognized by the host immune system. Within the last 10 years, however, several tumor antigens have been identified on the basis of recognition by infiltrating T cells in tumor samples. Studies on melanoma, in particular, have revealed that in addition to some mutated tumor antigens, several aberrantly expressed normal proteins, as well as tissue-specific differentiation factors, are recognized by the host immune system. Similar studies in other solid tumors have revealed that certain oncogenes overexpressed in malignant cells, such as p53 and HER-2/neu, are also recognized by host T cells. Our group has been investigating the HER-2/neu oncogenic protein as a vaccine target in patients with HER-2/neu-overexpressing cancers. However, several issues unique to the design of human clinical trials of cancer vaccines must be addressed when translating preclinical experiments to human clinical trials. First, HER-2/neu protein expression can vary depending on the tumor type. How would expression differences impact clinical trial design? Secondly, what are the issues in clinical trial design that are critical to the successful execution of a phase I study of a peptide-based vaccine? Thirdly, what types and amounts of clinical material are readily available for immunologic analysis and can be obtained with little distress and risk to the patients enrolled in the study? Finally, what steps must be implemented for a laboratory assay to evolve to meet the validation criteria needed for application as an immunologic monitoring tool?
Electro-wetting lenticular lens with improved diopter for 2D and 3D conversion using lens-shaped ETPTA chamber (2018)

In this paper, we introduce a method for improving the lens diopter of 2D/3D convertible devices using electro-wetting. For stable operation, an electro-wetting device requires high dioptric performance and this was achieved using bi-convex liquid-liquid-solid phases. 1-Chloronaphthalene with a refractive index of 1.633 was used as an oil phase to achieve high diopters. ETPTA (trimethylolpropane ethoxylate triacrylate), a UV-sensitive material with low chemical reactivity to the 1-Chloronaphthalene, was used as a chamber material. This resulted in a diopter of 3030D for high quality multi-view images without unstable oil movement or trembling. The ETPTA was molded on a 0.3mm thick glass substrate that was coated with UV adhesive (NOA 81). The maximum diopter capable of stable operation was 3425D. 2D and 3D conversion and parallax motion were demonstrated.
Overclocking of controller area networks (1999)

The bus length in controller area networks is seriously limited due to the particular access technique adopted. An overclocking technique is described which consists of increasing the bit rate for selected portions of the frame. In this way, the throughput can be doubled without worsening either the maximum network extension or the responsiveness.
Logical foundations for knowledge representation in intelligent systems (1986)

We have entered an era of intelligent system development in which fifth and sixth generation computing systems are expected to emulate and enhance natural intelligence. However, human knowledge processes are not well-understood and it is tempting to base the technology of intelligent systems on formal reasoning rather than human psychology. In particular, the attempt to base knowledge processing in fifth generation computing systems on logic programming suggests that we should examine the rationale behind standard logic. It was developed as a foundation for arithmetic and psychological considerations were ruled out as irrelevant. We should consider that there may be systems of logic more appropriate to knowledge processing. Logical and psychological system theories based on an axiom of unrestricted predication are plausible and attractive alternatives to standard logic. It is suggested that the design of logical inference processors should take such systems into account, and that investigation of the logical, psychological and systemic foundations of knowledge are fundamental to the development of intelligent systems.
Effect of bar edge conditions on fibre trapping in low consistency refining (2008)

In a low consistency refiner pulp fibres are trapped between the bar edges of the rotor and stator and worked into the narrow gap between rotor and stator. No refining occurs if the fibres are not trapped. A reduction in fibre trapping is believed to be in the common observation that refining becomes less efficient as the bars wear and lose their sharpness. This paper examines the effect of bar edge sharpness on relative fibre trapping in low consistency refining. The measurements were made on a bleached softwood kraft pulp at consistencies ranging from 1-6% using a conical laboratory refiner. Three sets of trials were done. One set of trials was done with a set fillings that had been worn in number of previous refining trials, while a second set of trials were done with a set of fillings where the bar edge had been sharpened by running the refiner with quartz sand. A third set of trials was done with fillings in which the bar edges had been manually rounded with abrasive paper. The results showed that the fraction of the refiner bar length that trapped fibres was approximately proportional to pulp consistency for all three trials, independent of bar edge sharpness. The reduction in fibre trapping, with lower consistency, increases the harshness of the refining on the fibres, at a given level of refining power. The results also showed that the artificially treated bars trapped generally had a lower fraction of the bar surface trapping fibres, which also increased the harshness of the refining process.
Expression of cell‐cycle regulators (cyclin D1, cyclin E, p27<sup>kip1</sup>, p57<sup>kip2</sup>) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (2010)

Our results suggest that immunohistochemistry of certain cell-cycle regulators may be helpful in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma, and that cyclin D1 in particular may be a useful marker for evaluating lymph node metastasis.
Gnowsis adapter framework: Treating structured data sources as virtual RDF graphs (2005)

Abstract. The integration of heterogenous data sources is a crucial step for the upcoming semantic web – if existing information is not integrated, where will the data come from that the semantic web builds on? In this paper we present the gnowsis adapter framework, an implementation of an RDF graph system that can be used to integrate structured data sources, together with a set of already implemented adapters that can be used in own applications or extended for new situations. We will give an overview of the architecture and implementation details together with a description of the common problems in this field and our solutions, leading to an outlook on the future developments we expect. Using our presented results, researchers can generate test data for experiments and practitioners can access their desktop data sources as RDF graph. 1 1