gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol, but not EGCG, in the diet suppresses DMBA-induced mammary cancer in rats. (2006)

Despite the advent of new and aggressive therapeutics, breast cancer remains a leading killer among women; hence there is a need for the prevention of this disease. Several naturally occurring polyphenols have received much attention for their health benefits, including anti-carcinogenic properties. Two of these are resveratrol, a component of red grapes, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major catechin found in green tea. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that these two polyphenols protect against chemically-induced mammary cancer by modulating mammary gland architecture, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Female Sprague-Dawley CD rats were exposed to either resveratrol (1 g/kg AIN-76A diet), EGCG (0.065% in the drinking water), or control diet (AIN-76A) for the entirety of their life starting at birth. At 50 days postpartum, rats were treated with 60 mg dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)/kg body weight to induce mammary cancer. Resveratrol, but not EGCG, suppressed mammary carcinogenesis (fewer tumors per rat and longer tumor latency). Analysis of mammary whole mounts from 50-day-old rats revealed that resveratrol, but not EGCG, treatment resulted in more differentiated lobular structures. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation studies showed that resveratrol treatment caused a significant reduction in proliferative cells in mammary terminal ductal structures at 50 days postpartum, making them less susceptible to carcinogen insult. The epithelial cells of terminal end buds in the mammary glands of resveratrol-treated rats also showed an increase in apoptotic cells compared to the control or EGCG-treated rats as measured by a DNA fragmentation assay. At the given doses, resveratrol treatment resulted in a serum resveratrol concentration of 2.00 microM, while treatment with EGCG resulted in a serum EGCG concentration of 31.06 nM. 17beta-Estradiol, progesterone, and prolactin concentrations in the serum were not significantly affected by resveratrol or EGCG. Neither polyphenol treatment resulted in toxicity as tested by alterations in body weights, diet and drink consumptions, and day to vaginal opening. We conclude that resveratrol in the diet can reduce susceptibility to mammary cancer, while EGCG in the drinking water at the dose used was not effective.
New Year Resolution (2013)

Adjunct Faculty William F. Connell School of Nursing Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts The author has disclosed that she has no significant relationships with, or financial interest in any commercial companies pertaining to this article.
Extracorporeal Adsorption of Endotoxin (1997)

In a porcine endotoxin shock model using a continuous intravenous endotoxin infusion of 250 ng/kg body weight per hour, the cardiorespiratory and hematologic parameters were studied while applying a new on-line polymyxin B immobilized adsorption system. This preliminary report shows that the new adsorbent can remove endotoxin selectively from the circulation and confers a good amount of protection from endotoxin-induced cardiopulmonary decompensation as well as hematologic alterations. Survival time could be extended from 216 min to 313 min. Whereas cardiac output and mean arterial pressure declined critically after 3 h in the controls, the treated group remained stable for another 3 h. These data show that endotoxin adsorption by polymyxin B coupled covalently to acrylic spheres as an adjunctive on-line measure in the septic syndrome seems feasible.
A comparison of alternative extensions for data modeling in VHDL (2002)

A number of proposals for object-oriented extensions to VHDL deal with object-oriented extensions to support high-level modeling of data. They provide features for expressing data abstraction, encapsulation, and inheritance with polymorphism-features that are central to object oriented techniques. There are two approaches to object-oriented data modeling: class-based and programming by extension. This paper compares the two approaches in the context of hardware modeling in VHDL. It outlines the two approaches and presents examples illustrating how they might be included in VHDL. It discusses the issue of integration with signal semantics, and compares how the approaches deal with encapsulation, initialization of objects, and inheritance. The paper concludes that, while both approaches are viable, the programming by extension approach is preferred.
Discovery of a First-in-Class Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 1/2 Degrader (2019)

MEK1 and MEK2 (also known as MAP2K1 and MAP2K2) are the "gatekeepers" of the ERK signaling output with redundant roles in controlling ERK activity. Numerous inhibitors targeting MEK1/2 have been developed including three FDA-approved drugs. However, acquired resistance to MEK1/2 inhibitors has been observed in patients, and new therapeutic strategies are needed to overcome the resistance. Here, we report a first-in-class degrader of MEK1/2, MS432 (<b>23</b>), which potently and selectively degraded MEK1 and MEK2 in a VHL E3 ligase- and proteasome-dependent manner and suppressed ERK phosphorylation in cells. It inhibited colorectal cancer and melanoma cell proliferation much more effectively than its negative control MS432N (<b>24</b>), and its effect was phenocopied by MEK1/2 knockdown. Compound <b>23</b> was highly selective for MEK1/2 in global proteomic profiling studies. It was also bioavailable in mice and can be used for in vivo efficacy studies. We provide two well-characterized chemical tools to the biomedical community.
Barrier Coverage Constructions for Border Security Systems Using Wireless Sensors (2011)

In this paper, we propose network construction methods of sensor nodes for Border Security Systems. A Border Security System watches intruders by using sensor nodes with communication function. The detection of some intruders and the use of a long-term operation system are required in this system. In this paper, we propose two methods to reduce the power consumption of the whole network system by effective control of sensor nodes. By computer simulation, we show that the proposed network construction methods are suitable for Border Security Systems.
Sulfamic Acid as an Effective Catalyst in Solvent‐Free Synthesis of β‐Enaminoketone Derivatives and X‐ray Crystallography of Their Representatives (2008)

Abstract Two types of β‐enaminoketone derivatives of 3‐(2‐oxo‐2‐arylethylidene)‐3,4‐dihydro‐1H‐quinoxalin‐2‐ones and 3‐(2‐oxo‐2‐arylethylidene)‐3,4‐dihydro‐benzo[1,4]oxazin‐2‐ ones were effectively and conveniently prepared in good to excellent yields under solvent‐free conditions via the catalysis of sulfamic acid in the corresponding condensations of o‐phenylenediamine and o‐aminophenol with ethyl 2,4‐dioxo‐4‐arylbutyrate respectively. The compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR, and a representative was further determined by X‐ray crystallography.
30%의 고농도 산소가 정상 성인의 사이클 운동 시 심박동률과 혈중 산소 포화도에 미치는 영향 (2006)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the inhalation of 30% oxygen on heart rate and oxygen saturation (SPO2) during cycle isokinetic exercise, in comparison with the inhalation of 21% oxygen. This study used oxygen supply equipment that can supply each of 21% and 30% oxygen constantly at a rate of 8 liter/min. Ten healthy male college students (25.2±2.2 years) participated in the experiment twice, one for 21% oxygen and the other for 30% oxygen. Each experiment was composed of three sections (a total of 18 minutes), which were composure (2 minutes), cycle isokinetic exercise at a speed of 20±1km/h (10 minutes) and recovery (6 minutes). 21% or 30% oxygen was supplied only during the sections of isokinetic exercise and restoration. Heart rate during isokinetic exercise and recovery was lower with the inhalation of 30% oxygen than with that of 20% oxygen but no difference was observed in SPO2. SPO2 was not different possibly because the same work load was applied to the group of 21% oxygen and that of 30% oxygen. Heart rate was reduced with the inhalation of 30% oxygen possibly because a larger quantity of oxygen was supplied at the same work load.
Immediate postoperative aspirin improves vein graft patency early and late after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. A placebo-controlled, randomized study. (1991)

Immediate postoperative administration of aspirin (324 mg) improves early graft patency and, with continued usage, protects against further occlusion up to 1 year after CABG. Postoperative blood loss was similar in the two groups; however, aspirin was associated with a nonsignificant higher rate of reoperation.
A Breakthrough Fluid Technology in Stimulation of Sandstone Reservoirs (2006)

Abstract Challenges in sandstone acidizing still exist, although great improvements have been made in the last decade. Factors that contribute to these challenges include: multiple types of co-existing formation damage; uncertain rock mineralogy; multiple fluids and pumping stages; complex chemical reactions between fluids and formation minerals; and fast reaction kinetics at elevated temperatures. Others are: inadequate zonal coverage; limited live acid penetration; rock deconsolidation due to acid-rock interactions; acid emulsion and sludge tendencies; corrosion; and health, safety, and environmental (HSE) concerns. These factors contribute to the low success rate of sandstone acidizing treatments especially in acid-sensitive, and clay- and carbonate-rich sandstone formations at high temperatures. In this paper, we review some current practices used to address these challenges in the industry and present a new multi-pronged approach that would improve the success rate of sandstone acidizing treatments. The system requires the use of a geochemical simulator to "design for success" by selecting the safest fluid for the formation and for optimizing the fluid volumes and injection rates, and a breakthrough fluid that uses novel chemistry to simplify treatments and minimize the risk of acid-induced formation damage. Batch reaction studies indicate that the new fluid reacts more slowly with aluminosilicates than conventional mineral acids, thus preventing secondary and tertiary precipitates. Core flow tests demonstrate that the new fluid prevents the near-wellbore deconsolidation problems generally experienced with HF-based systems in high-temperature sandstone acidizing treatments. These laboratory results were corroborated with field core samples and geochemical simulations, especially with high-clay and high-carbonate sandstone formations. Extensive laboratory tests also demonstrate that the fluid results in less emulsion and sludge tendencies; lower corrosion rate to tubulars and equipment; better HSE footprint due to its almost neutral pH; and better tolerance to damage and formation uncertainties.
Dual biometric authentication scheme for privacy protection (2014)

Preserving the privacy of biometric data becomes a critical work. To increase the privacy of the biometric data, novel method is proposed. In this proposed method, two different biometric data such as features from fingerprint and face are combined. In the face, the features like eyes, lips and brow are extracted. In the fingerprint, orientation feature is extracted. The database contains the training images. The ELM classifier is used to combine these features and matches with the training image.
Performance of rapid diagnostic tests for the detection of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in whole blood collected on dried blood spots (2016)

Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) represent an attractive alternative to enzyme immunoassays. A total of 207 individuals, including 68 HCV-seronegative subjects, 10 patients with resolved infection and 129 patients with chronic HCV infection, were studied. The specificity of RDT detection of anti-HCV antibodies in whole blood was 100% with the four RDTs tested: OraQuick(®) HCV Rapid Antibody Test, First Response HCV Card Test, ASSURE HCV Rapid Test and MultiSure HCV Antibody Assay. Their diagnostic sensitivity varied between 98.6% and 100%. RDT detection of anti-HCV antibody in whole blood collected on dried blood spots appears to be a promising new tool for broadscale screening of HCV infection in high- to medium-risk populations.
Acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of mildly demented elderly patients. (1990)

It has been hypothesized that acetyl-L-carnitine has a cholinomimetic action. It is for this reason that it has been used in the therapy of Alzheimer's type senile dementia impairment. In the present controlled double-blind study the authors followed two randomized homogeneous groups of both sexes of 30 patients each, aged over 65 years and suffering from mild mental impairment. One group of patients underwent therapy with acetyl-L-carnitine, 2 g/day for three months, while the other group was treated with a placebo. The statistical evaluation of the results was carried-out using non-parametric methods (Friedman-Nemenyi two-way ANOVA). It was possible to affirm that the acetyl-L-carnitine treated patients showed statistically significant improvement in the behavioural scales, in the memory tests, in the attention barrage test and in the Verbal Fluency test. These satisfactory results confirm the therapeutic importance of acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of elderly patients with mental impairment, which could be related principally to acetylcholine defects.
Synthesis of acyl halides under very mild conditions (1979)

A. Devos, J. Remion, A. Frisque-Hesbain, A. Colens and L. Ghosez, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1979, 1180 DOI: 10.1039/C39790001180
Computed Tomography (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Basics Instrumentation Measurement Techniques Applications Outlook References
Claus plant capacity boosted by oxygenenrichment process (1985)

This paper discusses the economical expansion of Claus sulfur recovery units by using Claus Oxygen-based Process Expansion (COPE) technology. Two commercial COPE units, in operation at Conoco Inc.'s Lake Charles, La., refinery, have demonstrated an 85% increase in capacity by enriching the air supply to the process to 55% O2. The major feature of the COPE process is the hot gas blower which recycles vapor from the first condenser to the reaction furnace. The recycle stream acts as a coolant to moderate the reaction furnace temperature, effectively replacing nitrogen as a dilutent. A specially designed burner is used to mix the air, oxygen, acid gas, and recycle stream.
Internet payments — the issues (1995)

I have been asked to talk about payments on the Internet but, as you will see, I plan to widen the scope. The subject is so big that there are entire days being devoted to it at conferences already. Indeed, it is only a matter of time before there is a whole conference…
Analysis of Thermal-Protection Systems for Space-Vehicle Cryogenic-Propellant Tanks (1962)

Analytical techniques are presented that permit the calculation of heat-transfer rates with various thermal-protection systems for liquid-cryogenic-propellant tanks subjected to on-board, solar, and planetary heat fluxes . The effectiveness of these protection systems in reducing propellant heating is shown both for ideal heat-transfer models and for a simplified hydrogen-oxygen terminal stage used for typical Mars missions.
Functionally-Detected Cognitive Impairment in High School Football Players without Clinically-Diagnosed Concussion (2010)

Head trauma and concussion in football players have recently received considerable media attention. Postmortem evidence suggests that accrual of damage to the brain may occur with repeated blows to the head, even when the individual blows fail to produce clinical symptoms. There is an urgent need for improved detection and characterization of head trauma to reduce future injury risk and promote development of new therapies. In this study we examined neurological performance and health in the presence of head collision events in high school football players, using longitudinal measures of collision events (the HIT(™) System), neurocognitive testing (ImPACT(™)), and functional magnetic resonance imaging MRI (fMRI). Longitudinal assessment (including baseline) was conducted in 11 young men (ages 15-19 years) participating on the varsity and junior varsity football teams at a single high school. We expected and observed subjects in two previously described categories: (1) no clinically-diagnosed concussion and no changes in neurological behavior, and (2) clinically-diagnosed concussion with changes in neurological behavior. Additionally, we observed players in a previously undiscovered third category, who exhibited no clinically-observed symptoms associated with concussion, but who demonstrated measurable neurocognitive (primarily visual working memory) and neurophysiological (altered activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [DLPFC]) impairments. This new category was associated with significantly higher numbers of head collision events to the top-front of the head, directly above the DLPFC. The discovery of this new category suggests that more players are suffering neurological injury than are currently being detected using traditional concussion-assessment tools. These individuals are unlikely to undergo clinical evaluation, and thus may continue to participate in football-related activities, even when changes in brain physiology (and potential brain damage) are present, which will increase the risk of future neurological injury.
Fate of Protein‐Containing Liposomes Injected into Rats (1972)

[ 3 H]Amyloglucosidase and 131 I‐labelled albumin were entrapped into liposomes (lipid spherules) composed of phosphatidyl choline, cholesterol and dicetyl phosphate (7:2:1 molar ratio). 131 I‐labelled albumin was also entrapped in [ 3 H]cholesterol‐liposomes. Investigations on the fate in vivo following intravenous injection of such protein‐containing liposomes into rats, showed that the bulk of liposomal radioactivity is removed from the blood within minutes. There is no measurable leakage of entrapped 131 I‐labelled albumin while liposomes are in the circulation. Most of the removed liposomal radioactivity was recovered in the liver. Autoradiographic examination of the liver 3 min after injection of albumin‐containing [ 3 H]cholesterol‐liposomes suggests that hepatocytes and probably Kupffer cells are involved in the uptake of liposomes. It appears that liposomes enter this tissue intact but subsequently liposomal membranes and entrapped protein are catabolized. These catabolic processes are probably occurring in the liver lysosomes, as most of the liposomal radioactivity in this tissue was recovered in the mitochondrial‐lysosomal fraction. Liposomes appear to be promising as a vehicle for the administration of enzymes and possibly also drugs to patients with storage diseases.
5 x 9 integrated optical star coupler in silicon-on-insulator technology (1996)

We describe fabrication of the first optical star coupler in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology. The 5×9 coupler consists of two silicon rib waveguide arrays with a radiative slab waveguide region. The star geometry was analyzed and designed using the beam propagation method. The coupler exhibits low loss (average excess insertion loss /spl alpha//spl sim/1.3 dB) and good coupling uniformity (standard deviation /spl sigma//spl sim/1.4 dB) at /spl lambda/=1.55 μm. It represents a key component for realization of photonic circuits in a silicon integrated circuit technology.
Inference with the Universum (2006)

In this paper we study a new framework introduced by Vapnik (1998) and Vapnik (2006) that is an alternative capacity concept to the large margin approach. In the particular case of binary classification, we are given a set of labeled examples, and a collection of "non-examples" that do not belong to either class of interest. This collection, called the Universum, allows one to encode prior knowledge by representing meaningful concepts in the same domain as the problem at hand. We describe an algorithm to leverage the Universum by maximizing the number of observed contradictions, and show experimentally that this approach delivers accuracy improvements over using labeled data alone.
Genomic Interrogation of the Dassie Bacillus Reveals It as a Unique RD1 Mutant within the <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Complex (2003)

Despite their remarkable genetic homology, members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex express very different phenotypes, most notably in their spectra of clinical presentation. For example, M. tuberculosis is regarded as pathogenic to humans, whereas members having deleted RD1, such as Mycobacterium microti and Mycobacterium bovis BCG, are not. The dassie bacillus, an infrequent variant of the M. tuberculosis complex characterized as being most similar to M. microti, is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB) in the dassie (Procavia capensis). Intriguingly, the dassie bacillus is not pathogenic to rabbits or guinea pigs and has never been documented to infect humans. Although it was identified more than a half-century ago, the reasons behind its attenuation are unknown. Because large sequence polymorphisms have presented themselves as the most obvious genomic distinction among members of the M. tuberculosis complex, the DNA content of the dassie bacillus was interrogated by Affymetrix GeneChip to identify regions that are absent from it but present in M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Comparison has led to the identification of nine regions of difference (RD), five of which are shared with M. microti (RDs 3, 7, 8, 9, and 10). Although the dassie bacillus does not share the other documented deletions in M. microti (RD1(mic), RD5(mic), MID1, MID2, and MID3), it has endured unique deletions in the regions of RD1, RD5, N-RD25, and Rv3081-Rv3082c (virS). RD1(das), affecting only Rv3874-Rv3877, is the smallest natural deletion of the RD1 region uncovered and points to genes within this region that are likely implicated in virulence. Newfound deletions from the dassie bacillus are discussed in relation to their evolutionary and biological significance.
Empirical study of drone sound detection in real-life environment with deep neural networks (2017)

This work aims to investigate the use of deep neural network to detect commercial hobby drones in real-life environments by analyzing their sound data. The purpose of work is to contribute to a system for detecting drones used for malicious purposes, such as for terrorism. Specifically, we present a method capable of detecting the presence of commercial hobby drones as a binary classification problem based on sound event detection. We recorded the sound produced by a few popular commercial hobby drones, and then augmented this data with diverse environmental sound data to remedy the scarcity of drone sound data in diverse environments. We investigated the effectiveness of state-of-the-art event sound classification methods, i.e., a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), for drone sound detection. Our empirical results, which were obtained with a testing dataset collected on an urban street, confirmed the effectiveness of these models for operating in a real environment. In summary, our RNN models showed the best detection performance with an F-Score of 0.8009 with 240 ms of input audio with a short processing time, indicating their applicability to real-time detection systems.
Discovery and SAR of Thiazolidine-2,4-dione Analogues as Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor (IGF-1R) Inhibitors via Hierarchical Virtual Screening (2010)

Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is a growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase acting as a critical mediator of cell proliferation and survival. Novel 5-benzylidenethiazolidine-2,4-dione (5) and 5-(furan-2-ylmethylene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (6) compounds were identified as potent and selective IGF-1R inhibitors via hierarchical virtual screening. Initial SAR and biological activity of the analogues of 5 and 6 with thiazolidine-2,4-dione template are presented, and several inhibitors with low nanomolar potency are reported.