gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ERp60 does not substitute for protein disulphide isomerase as the <i>β</i>-subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (1996)

Prolyl 4-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.11.2) catalyses the formation of 4-hydroxyproline in collagens. The vertebrate enzymes are alpha 2 beta 2 tetramers while the Caenorhabditis elegans enzyme is an alpha beta dimer. The beta-subunit is identical to protein disulphide isomerase (PDI), a multifunctional endoplasmic reticulum luminal polypeptide. ERp60 is a PDI isoform that was initially misidentified as a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. We report here on the cloning and expression of the human and Drosophila ERp60 polypeptides. The overall amino acid sequence identity and similarity between the processed human ERp60 and PDI polypeptides are 29% and 56% respectively, and those between the Drosophila ERp60 and human PDI polypeptides 29% and 55%. The two ERp60 polypeptides were found to be similar to human PDI within almost all their domains, the only exception being the extreme C-terminal region. Nevertheless, when the human or Drosophila ERp60 was expressed in insect cells together with an alpha-subunit of human prolyl 4-hydroxylase, no tetramer was formed and no prolyl 4-hydroxylase activity was generated in the cells. Additional experiments with hybrid polypeptides in which the C-terminal regions had been exchanged between the human ERp60 and PDI polypeptides demonstrated that the differences in the C-terminal region are not the only reason for the lack of prolyl 4-hydroxylase tetramer formation by ERp60.
CRISPR/Cas9 mediated mutation of mouse IL-1α nuclear localisation sequence abolishes expression (2017)

Inflammation is a host defense process against infection. Inflammatory mediators include cytokines of the interleukin-1 family, such as IL-1α and IL-1β. Unlike IL-1β, IL-1α carries an N-terminal nuclear localisation sequence (NLS) and is trafficked to the nucleus. The importance of IL-1α nuclear localisation is poorly understood. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to make inactivating mutations to the NLS on the Il1a gene. A colony of NLS mutant mice was successfully generated with precise knock-in mutations to incapacitate NLS function. NLS mutant mice had no gross changes in immunophenotype or inflammatory response but, surprisingly, failed to express IL-1α. We deduced that, in making specific mutations in the Il1a gene, we also mutated a long-noncoding (lnc)RNA in the complementary strand which has cis-regulatory transcriptional control of the Il1a gene itself. The mutations generated in the Il1a gene also result in mutation of the lncRNA sequence and a predicted alteration of its secondary structure, potentially explaining a subsequent failure to function as a transcriptional activator of Il1a expression. Thus, lncRNA secondary structure may regulate IL-1α expression. Our results serve as a cautionary note that CRISPR -mediated genome editing without full knowledge of genomic context can result in unexpected, yet potentially informative observations.
Self-Assembly of Graphene on Carbon Nanotube Surfaces (2013)

The rolling up of a graphene sheet into a tube is a standard visualization tool for illustrating carbon nanotube (CNT) formation. However, the actual processes of rolling up graphene sheets into CNTs in laboratory syntheses have never been demonstrated. Here we report conformal growth of graphene by carbon self-assembly on single-wall and multi-wall CNTs using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of methane without the presence of metal catalysts. The new graphene layers roll up into seamless coaxial cylinders encapsulating the existing CNTs, but their adhesion to the primary CNTs is weak due to the existence of lattice misorientation. Our study shows that graphene nucleation and growth by self-assembly of carbon on the inactive carbon basal plane of CNTs occurs by a new mechanism that is markedly different from epitaxial growth on metal surfaces, opening up the possibility of graphene growth on many other non-metal substrates by simple methane CVD.
Investigation of Switching Behavior in a Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Aligned on Obliquely Deposited SiO Films (1989)

The effect of oblique evaporation of SiO on the chevron structure and the switching behavior in a ferroelectric liquid crystal have been investigated by means of the X-ray diffraction and the stroboscopic micrographs. It is found experimentally that the chevron direction and the domain structure appearing during the switching are determined by the direction of incidence of evaporated SiO. On the basis of the experimental results, it is clarified that the bow and the stern of the boat-shaped domain correspond to +2π and -2π internal disclinations, respectively. The structure of the zig-zag defect is determined.
Improved coupling between laser diode and single-mode fibre tipped with a chemically etched self-centred diffracting element (1981)

Coupling efficiency between a laser diode and single-mode fibre can be highly increased by using an appropriate intermediate optical element. A simple new method is intended to improve the mode matching of the two elements by chemically etching the fibre end into a self-centred diffracting element. A gain by a factor of 3.5 over classical butt coupling has been obtained.
Role of Moringa oleifera on enterochromaffin cell count and serotonin content of experimental ulcer model. (2007)

The present study has been undertaken to observe the effect of aqueous extract of M. oleifera (MO) leaf (300mg/kg body weight) on mean ulcer index, enterochromaffin (EC) cells and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) content of ulcerated gastric tissue. Ulceration was induced by using aspirin (500 mg/kg, po), cerebellar nodular lesion and applying cold stress. In all cases increased mean ulcer index in gastric tissue along with decreased EC cell count was observed with concomitant decrease of 5-HT content. Pretreatment with MO for 14 days decreased mean ulcer index, increased both EC cell count and 5-HT content in all ulcerated group, but treatment with ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, along with MO pretreatment increased mean ulcer index, decreased 5-HT content without any alteration in EC cell count. The results suggest that the protective effect of MO on ulceration is mediated by increased EC cell count and 5-HT levels which may act via 5-HT3 receptors on gastric tissue.
Antitumor potential of a synthetic interferon-alpha/PLGF-2 positive charge peptide hybrid molecule in pancreatic cancer cells (2015)

Pancreatic cancer is the most aggressive malignant disease, ranking as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death among men and women in the United States. Interferon alpha (IFNα) has been used to treat pancreatic cancer, but its clinical application has been significantly hindered due to the low antitumor activity. We used a "cDNA in-frame fragment library" screening approach to identify short peptides that potentiate the antitumor activity of interferons. A short positively charged peptide derived from the C-terminus of placental growth factor-2 (PLGF-2) was selected to enhance the activity of IFNα. For this, we constructed a synthetic interferon hybrid molecule (SIFα) by fusing the positively charged PLGF-2 peptide to the C-terminus of the human IFNα. Using human pancreatic cell lines (ASPC and CFPAC1) as a model system, we found that SIFα exhibited a significantly higher activity than did the wild-type IFNα in inhibiting the tumor cell growth. The enhanced activity of the synthetic SIFα was associated with the activation of interferon pathway target genes and the increased binding of cell membrane receptor. This study demonstrates the potential of a synthetic SIFα as a novel antitumor agent.
Daisy White: An Accomplished Schoolgirl in France, 1887-1889 (2008)

Daisy was sixteen and Dorothy fourteen when they left Sydney in 1887. The diary of what followed, covering the years 1887-89, is an historical jewel and rare document: such is the detail, the gusto, the wit and insight with which it is told, it gives us a unique entry into the education, times and mind-set of a nineteenth-century Australian schoolgirl abroad.
The Tactics of Change: Doing Therapy Briefly. By Richard Fisch, John H. Weakland, and Lynn Segal. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass, 1982. 302 pp. $16.95 (1984)

The Tactics of Change: Doing Therapy Briefly. By Richard Fisch, John H. Weakland, and Lynn Segal. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass, 1982. 302 pp. $16.95 Get access The Tactics of Change: Doing Therapy Briefly. By Fisch Richard, Weakland John H., and Segal Lynn. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass, 1982. 302 pp. $16.95. Judith Lang Judith Lang Federation of Jewish Philanthropies of New York, New York, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Work, Volume 29, Issue 3, May-June 1984, Page 313, https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/29.3.313-a Published: 01 May 1984
The Dissolution of Aluminum in Sodium Hydroxide Solutions. II (1949)

In continuation of a previous study (1) of the dissolution of commercially pure aluminum (99.2% Al) in alkaline solutions, the effect of impurities, concentration of sodium hydroxide, temperature, agitation, and the effect of an external current on the dissolution of a series of aluminum specimens ranging in composition from 99.2 to 99.998 per cent Al was investigated. Increasing quantities of impurities (iron being the most effective) increase the rate of dissolution. The largest increase is at the concentration of iron representing the limit of solubility of iron in solid aluminum. During the dissolution process the impurities in aluminum accumulate on the surface and accelerate the rate of dissolution.
GRKLib: a Guaranteed Runge Kutta Library (2006)

In this article, we describe a new library for computing guaranteed bounds of the solutions of Initial Value Problems (IVP). Given an initial value problem and an end point, our library computes a sequence of approximation points together with a sequence of approximation errors such that the distance to the true solution of the IVP is below these error terms at each approximation point. These sequences are computed using a classical Runge-Kutta method for which truncation and roundoff errors may be over-approximated. We also compute the propagation of local errors to obtain an enclosure of the global error at each computation step. These techniques are implemented in a C++ library which provides an easy-to-use framework for the rigorous approximation of IVP. This library implements an error control technique based on step size reduction in order to reach a certain tolerance on local errors.
Fitting smooth curves (2002)

A novel method for fitting smooth curves to noisy data is presented. A curve is represented by two nonlinear functions of arc length. The smoothing procedure is essentially iterative and includes three major steps: coefficient estimation, computation of fitted values, and reparameterization. The coefficients are first locally estimated based on the weighted-least-squares principle. Fitted values are then found through data projection. This leads to a self-consistent curve. Finally, the functions are reparameterized to unit speed, which gives the curve a smooth appearance. The problem of shrinkage with curver fitting does not occur with the proposed method, and no shrinkage compensation is required. Preliminary experimental results using synthetic contours and real computer tomography image data are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rapid routes of synthesis of chemically reactive and highly radioactively labeled .alpha.- and .beta.-oligonucleotide derivatives for in vivo studies (1990)

Development of the antisense oligonucleotide strategy for the regulation of gene expression in vivo poses several problems: the stability of oligonucleotides toward intracellular nucleases, labeling of oligonucleotides with high specific radioactivity, improvements of penetration of oligonucleotides into living cells, and enhancement of antisense action by coupling of chemically active groups. In the present paper synthesis of highly radioactively labeled [32P]- and [35S]oligonucleotide derivatives is described starting from both natural (beta) and nuclease-resistant (alpha) anomers of oligonucleotides. Conditions for preparative phosphorylation and thiophosphorylation suitable for oligonucleotides of various lengths, base composition, and anomeric forms were established. The stability of the phosphoramide bond under in vivo experimental conditions was checked. The methods of terminal phosphate chemical activation and terminal thiophosphate alkylation were applied to synthesize oligonucleotides equipped with hydrophobic, intercalating, alkylating, and photoactivatable groups. In the case of porphyrin-oligonucleotide conjugates, a series of new monofunctional porphyrin derivatives bearing a free aliphatic amino group was developed.
Study of overlay metrology in atomic force microscope lithography (overlaying lithography with atomic force microscope) (2006)

Atomic force microscope (AFM) has been considered as a useful lithographic tool of the future nanofabrication. In this article, overlay metrology in AFM lithography was investigated. A method of overlay metrology with cross marks was designed and applied to write two-layer patterns. The alignment arithmetic was developed on the basis of mark-registration method of electron beam lithography. A set of vernier was designed to measure the overlay precision. Further analysis about the overlay errors was presented. Experimental results indicated that the overlay metrology can obtain overlay precision less than 30nm and a higher precision will be realized by improving the system.
Peptide antigen or superantigen-induced down-regulation of TCRs involves both stimulated and unstimulated receptors (1997)

T cell activation by peptide/MHC complexes, superantigens, or mAbs induces the down-regulation of cell surface TCRs. We addressed the question of whether TCR down-modulation affects only TCRs that had directly interacted with their ligand or whether down-modulation could also affect TCRs that had not interacted with their ligand. To this end, we generated T cells coexpressing equal levels of two different TCRs by transfecting the appropriate cDNAs into cells of the human T cell line, Jurkat. Each set of TCRs can be distinguished by means of anti-Vbeta mAbs and can be stimulated separately with peptide Ag, bacterial superantigens, or mAbs. We found that activation of these cells with each of these stimuli down-modulated not only directly stimulated TCR complexes but also unstimulated ones. Comodulation of stimulated and unstimulated receptors may reflect functional interactions between surface TCRs that could take place during Ag or superantigen recognition by T cells without the need for ligand cross-linking. Consistent with this idea, both stimulated and unstimulated receptors colocalized in patches on the cell surface after activation.
A new calculation procedure for spatial impulse responses in ultrasound (1999)

A new procedure for the calculation of spatial impulse responses for linear sound fields is introduced. This calculation procedure uses the well known technique of calculating the spatial impulse response from the intersection of a circle emanating from the projected spherical wave with the boundary of the emitting aperture. This general result holds for all aperture boundaries for a flat transducer surface, and is used in the procedure to yield the response for all types of flat transducers. An arbitrary apodization function over the aperture can be incorporated through a simple one-dimensional integration. The case of a soft baffle mounting of the aperture is also included. Specific solutions for transducer boundaries made from lines are given, so that any polygon transducer can be handled. Specific solutions for circles are also given. Finally, a solution for a general boundary is stated, and all these boundary elements can be combined to, e.g., handle annular arrays or semi-circle transducers. Results from an implementation of the approach are given and compared to previously developed solutions for a simple aperture, a complex aperture, and a Gaussian apodized circular transducer.
Gravity wave flux retrievals using meteor radars (2010)

The ability of all‐sky interferometric meteor radars to measure mean wind and high‐frequency gravity wave wind perturbations from meteor radial velocities is assessed. A Monte‐Carlo technique that models line‐of‐sight meteor wind measurements with realistic errors in angle‐of‐arrival and range is used to investigate uncertainties in mean wind and gravity wave wind parameters as a function of meteor echo rate. It is shown that mean horizontal wind speeds are recovered with reasonable accuracy at meteor rates as low as 10 hr −1 . Mean‐square horizontal wind perturbation can be derived with relatively little averaging, but momentum fluxes are recovered with much less accuracy, which means that considerable averaging is required to produce meaningful values. Results are illustrated using meteor wind radar observations taken over a 30‐day period in January–February 2006 in Northern Australia.
A TRIAL FOR RATIONAL CHEMICAL CONTROL OF RED SPIDER MITE AND BEANFLY ATTACKING THREE VARIETIES OF THE BEAN PLANTS (2010)

The suitability feeding and tolerance of three varieties of Snap bean, (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) namely Giza 6, Paulista and Bronco to infestation with red spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Koch) and beanfly, Ophiomyia phaseoli (Tryon) was studied. The efficacy of imidaclopride (Gaucho), and other three pesticides thiocyclam (Evisect), imidaclopride (pestidor) and bensultap (Bancol) against two previous pests were also investigated in Horticultural Research Station,El-Kassasein, Ismailia Governorate, during 2007 and 2008 seasons. The obtained results revealed that: 1. Giza 6 variety was the least feeding suitability leading to infestation with two pests where it was infested with the lowest populations of two pests and gave highest green pods yield, while Bronco was the least one. 2. Bensultap at recommended rate reduced the population of T. urticae and O. phaseoli on Giza 6 variety (treated and untreated with Gaucho) by (73.29 and 68.93) and (43.35 and 40.35) as general mean of % reduction (GR%) at 2007 season, respectively. Bensultap at 0.5 R,1 R and 1.5 R on Giza 6 variety induced good results at 2008 season also causing 51.73, 84.63 and 83.48 as (GR%) in population of mite and 59.3, 72.91 and 80.65 as (GR%) in mines of beanfly, respectively. Giza 6 variety treated with imidaclopride (Gaucho) and sprayed with bensultap produced the highest yield of green pods. 3. Thiocyclam and imidaclopride caused the lowest reduction in mite and beanfly populations attacking Bronco variety (untreated with Gaucho) which recording 24.67, 28.62(GR %) and 42.26, 30.73(GR %) in 2007 season, respectively. 4. Paulista variety came in the intermediate between Bronco and Giza 6 varieties to infestation with both T. urticae and O. phaseoli at two seasons. 5. Giza 6 variety harboured the highest populations of four natural enemies (C.septempunctata, Stethorus sp., Scolothrips longicorus and Phytoseiulus sp.) in both seasons which recorded total numbers 130 and 90 individuals for two seasons respectively, while Bronco variety harboured the lowest populations of four natural enemies for two seasons which recorded total numbers 92 and 58 individuals for two seasons, respectively. Therefore, Snap bean seeds treated with imidaclopride (Gaucho) and sprayed with the natural insecticide bensultap for producting succeed bean crop and reducing environmental pollution.
Remote monitoring and assessment of daily activities in the home environment (2012)

Quantitative analysis of daily activities measured by home monitoring systems can be helpful to assess objectively the health-related living behavior and functional ability of older adults. Advances in sensors and telecommunication technologies have prompted the concept and development of implementing diverse sensors and intelligent algorithms to monitor human/environment interactions. This paper presents the remote monitoring and assessment of daily activities of older adults living alone at home, assuming that comprehensive profiles of daily activities at home can be captured by using simple and low-cost sensors in a less diverse modality. A passive home monitoring system with a minimal set of sensing modalities, namely human infrared and electric current, was developed and used for continuous and unobtrusive monitoring of daily activities of an elderly woman for over 6 months. Four movement detectors were deployed in different indoor locations to detect active movements, and an appliance usage detector detected television use. A set of activity features that measure the intensity, regularity and abnormalities of activity patterns is defined and demonstrated to quantify the characteristics and rhythms of daily activities of the subject. Different rhythms of daily activities can be estimated from different locations at home, and distinct behaviors were shown between weekdays and holidays. Unusual activities have been detected by the system, too. The system setup did not require modification of home furnishings that could obstruct the subject's daily living or cause any discomfort or displeasure to the subject. This study suggests that daily activities of an older adult living alone at home can be measured by means of low-cost sensors in a less-diverse sensor modality, and daily rhythms can be quantified with a simple estimation method. The activity features developed in this study are built into a home telehealth system for telecare applications.
Palladium-Mediated Cyclization on Carbohydrate Templates. 3. Extension of The Cyclization to the Threo Series. (2000)

ABSTRACT The palladium(0)-catalyzed Heck-type cyclization-β-alkoxy elimination reaction leading to enantiopure bicyclic compounds in the case of erythro 2,3-unsaturated glycosides has been successfully extended to the threo stereoisomer by only changing the aglycon moiety from an ethoxy group to an aryloxy moiety.
The regulatory complex of HLA class I promoters exhibits locus-specific conservation with limited allelic variation. (1994)

The extensive genetic polymorphism of the classical MHC class I molecules provides an important distinguishing feature of the host's immune system. They influence the selection and function of effector cells against tumor and virally infected cells. In these cells, class I molecules are often selectively suppressed. This suppression is locus specific and, in certain cases, allele specific. We analyzed the HLA class I promoter sequences that include class I regulatory complex (CRC) in a total of 41 well-characterized HLA homozygous B lymphoblastoid cell lines, using locus-specific oligonucleotide probes complementary to the overlapping CRC elements. These include kappa B1, kappa B2, IFN response sequence, the putative negative regulatory element, and the HLA counterpart of the H-2RII region that contains the retinoid x receptor beta binding motif. The CRC of HLA promoters displayed locus-specific conservation; however, limited allelic variation was observed in each of the cis elements. In some, variations were apparently generated by gene conversion. The palindromic kappa B1 site, which has an active role in enhancing promoter activity, was found to be conserved in almost all HLA-A and -B alleles, but not in HLA-C. The core DNA binding motif for retinoid x receptor beta was absent within the HLA CRC region. Sequence analysis of promoters from HLA-A31, -B13, and -Cw1 genomic clones, as well as pairwise interallelic and intra-allelic comparison with those of published alleles, showed that locus-specific conservation extended throughout the promoter sequences. Locus specificity and the allelic variation seen in the CRC regions may provide a structural basis for the selective modulation of HLA class I genes.