gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessment of tumor response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (2011)

This review briefly summarizes recent developments in the use of non-invasive imaging to assess tumor response to TKI therapy. Receptor tyrosine kinases play important roles in cancer development. A new class of drugs, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) can induce rapid and dramatic tumor suppression when administered to carefully selected patient groups. Identifying these patients with responding tumors prior to or shortly after the initiation of therapy remains challenging. The gold standard of response assessment has been by invasive biopsies used in biological and biochemical procedures. Advances in non-invasive imaging at the anatomical, functional and molecular level have enabled the early detection of tumor response; sometimes within days of beginning treatment. The growing area of molecular imaging has spurred the discovery of novel targeting peptides to bind TKI responding tumors. The emergence of targeted, quick responding imaging probes advances the field of cancer management towards the goal of personalized medicine.
A capacitive touch controller robust to display noise for ultrathin touch screen displays (2012)

Capacitive touch screens have become widely adopted in mobile applications. Capacitive touch-screen display modules have conventionally been assembled by bonding two separate modules: 1) a touch-screen module with touch panel glass or film attached to the cover window, and 2) a display module, with a small air gap between them. An important role of the air gap is to decrease capacitive coupling of display noise to the sensors, and it is very effective since permittivity of air is more than 4χ lower than that of glass.
RSVP-TE Extensions for Associated Bidirectional Label Switched Paths (LSPs) (2015)

This document describes Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP)
extensions to bind two point-to-point unidirectional Label Switched
Paths (LSPs) into an associated bidirectional LSP. The association is
achieved by defining new Association Types for use in ASSOCIATION and
in Extended ASSOCIATION Objects. One of these types enables
independent provisioning of the associated bidirectional LSPs on both
sides, while the other enables single-sided provisioning. The
REVERSE_LSP Object is also defined to enable a single endpoint to
trigger creation of the reverse LSP and to specify parameters of the
reverse LSP in the single-sided provisioning case.
[Application of silver acetate autometallography in histopathology: a new detection method for use in immunogold silver staining, lectin histochemistry and in situ hybridization]. (1990)

Modern histochemical techniques allow the specific detection of tissue constituents in situ. Routinely formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues may present problems to the pathologist since destruction of substances can lead to false negative results. Immunogold-silver staining (IGSS) can be a way to overcome some of these problems. A highly efficient method allows silver enhancement to be carried out without the necessity of a dark box (silver acetate autometallography). To test the new modification, antisera to a variety of antigens were used on paraffin and semithin resin sections. The system was also tested for its applicability in multiple immunostaining techniques and for the in situ hybridisation of viral DNA and for demonstration of carbohydrates by lectin histochemistry. It showed a very high detection efficiency with low background staining.
IgA antibody-producing cells in peripheral blood after antigen ingestion: evidence for a common mucosal immune system in humans. (1987)

The finding that ingestion of antigens results in the selection induction of IgA antibodies in external secretions suggests that antigen sensitizes Peyer's patch lymphoid cells, which migrate to mucosal sites and generate local secretory IgA (S-IgA) antibody responses. Evidence for a common mucosal immune system in humans has been scanty because of the difficulty in demonstrating migratory behavior of Peyer's patch cells. In the present study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from human volunteers who had ingested capsules containing killed Streptococcus mutans were assayed for spontaneous antibody-producing cells. Four of five volunteers exhibited circulating IgA-producing cells within 7 days and reached maximum responses by days 10-12. One IgA-deficient subject exhibited IgM responses with identical kinetics. Pokeweed-mitogen-stimulated PBMC produced anti-S. mutans antibodies predominantly of the IgA isotype. Significant S-IgA anti-S. mutans antibodies were detected in saliva and tears by day 14, and the antibodies reached maximum titers by 3 weeks. No changes in serum anti-S. mutans antibodies were noted. The IgA-deficient subject produced salivary secretory IgM antibodies. These results suggest that, after antigen ingestion, peripheral blood contains antigen-specific precursors of IgA plasma cells and that their presence precedes the appearance of S-IgA antibodies in external secretions. Therefore, these experiments provide further support for the existence of a common mucosal immune system in humans.
Metal–Organic Frameworks as Efficient Materials for Drug Delivery (2006)

Pack sie voll: Die Metallcarboxylate MIL-100 und MIL-101 fungieren als poröse Matrices (siehe Bild) in Wirkstofftransportsystemen mit Ibuprofen als Modellsubstrat. Sie konnten sehr große Mengen Wirkstoff aufnehmen (bis zu bisher unerreichten 1.4 g Wirkstoff pro Gramm MIL-101), und Ibuprofen wurde unter physiologischen Bedingungen in 3 (MIL-100) bzw. 6 Tagen (MIL-101) vollständig freigesetzt. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2006/z601878_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Some experiments in the numerical analysis of archaeological data (1966)

The value for archaeology of some available methods of numerical classification was investigated. Brooches from an Iron Age site in Switzerland (Münsingen) were chosen for analysis for two reasons: they show variation over a typically wide range of attributes, and their archaeological context, in rich associations in a horizontally stratified cemetery, provides independent evidence to check the significance of any proposed classifications. A further control on results was provided by an ‘intuitive’ classification of the brooches by professional archaeologists. The brooches were described numerically by quantitative and qualitative characters, and a similarity coefficient was computed between each pair. These coefficients were then submitted to two forms of cluster analysis (single- and average-link) and to a multi-dimensional scaling procedure. The average-link, but not the single-link, cluster analysis and the multi-dimemional scaling procedure were found to produce classifications of demonstrable archaeological significance.
Measurement of stiffness coefficients of anisotropic materials from pointlike generation and detection of acoustic waves (1996)

A scanned point source-point receiver technique, based on laser generation and detection of acoustic waves, is used to measure the stiffness coefficients of anisotropic materials. The striking effects that anisotropy gives rise to are analyzed and, when possible, advantage is taken of them. The processing developed for recovering the coefficients is presented and applied starting with simulated or experimental signals. A silicon crystal, for which acoustic wave focusing induced by anisotropy is critically sensitive, is first studied. To provide an accurate interpretation of these waves, the two-dimensional problem considering a line source is discussed, before analyzing the point source generation. Secondly, a manufactured composite material is characterized by means of this noncontact technique. By scanning a symmetry plane, four coefficients of the stiffness tensor are then recovered with good reliability.
Studying the Mechanism of Hybrid Nanoparticle Photoresists: Effect of Particle Size on Photopatterning (2015)

Hf-based hybrid photoresist materials with three different organic ligands were prepared by a sol–gel-based method, and their patterning mechanism was investigated in detail. All hybrid nanoparticle resists are patternable using UV exposure. Their particle sizes show a dramatic increase from the initial 3–4 nm to submicron size after exposure, with no apparent inorganic content or thermal property change detected. XPS results showed that the mass percentage of the carboxylic group in the structure of nanoparticles decreased with increasing exposure duration. The particle coarsening sensitivities of those hybrid nanoparticles are consistent with their EUV performance. The current work provides an understanding for the development mechanism and future guidance for the design and processing of high performance resist materials for large-scale microelectronics device fabrication.
The mutY gene: a mutator locus in Escherichia coli that generates G.C----T.A transversions. (1988)

We have used a strain with an altered lacZ gene, which reverts to wild type via only certain transversions, to detect transversion-specific mutators in Escherichia coli. Detection relied on a papillation technique that uses a combination of beta-galactosides to reveal blue Lac+ papillae. One class of mutators is specific for the G.C----T.A transversion as determined by the reversion pattern of a set of lacZ mutations and by the distribution of forward nonsense mutations in the lacI gene. The locus responsible for the mutator phenotype is designated mutY and maps near 64 min on the genetic map of E. coli. The mutY locus may act in a similar but reciprocal fashion to the previously characterized mutT locus, which results in A.T----C.G transversions.
Pre-extracting support vectors for support vector machine (2002)

A new method called center distance ratio method which is able to extract support vectors from given training examples is presented for support vector algorithm. The method greatly reduces the training examples and so improves the speed of support vector machine, while the ability of support vector machine to classify is unaffected. Our experiment results show remarkable improvement of the speed of support vector machine, supporting our idea.
Preparation of New Nitrogen-Bridged Heterocycles. 40. Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyrido[2,3-<i>b</i>]indolizin-4-one Derivatives (1995)

Abstract The title compounds, 1,4-dihydropyrido[2,3-b]indolizin-4-one derivatives, were prepared in moderate to good yields via the N-formylation of some 3-acetyl-2-(alkylamino)indolizines with triethyl orthoformate and acetic anhydride in the presence of zinc chloride followed by the intramolecular dehydration of the resulting 3-acetyl-2-(N-alkylformamido)indolizines under strong alkaline conditions.
SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF RHESUS MONKEYS FOR SEPTICEMIC ANTHRAX (1964)

Abstract : Septicemic anthrax established by respiratory exposure has been effectively cured by a treatment combination of antibiotics, antiserum and active immunization during treatment protocol. The treatment protocol is based on the knowledge that death in anthrax is toxemic. Twenty-one of twenty-five monkeys administered these treatment combinations were cured and, by active immunization, were made completely resistant to anthrax upon rechallengingg aerogenically with h large doses of virulent spores. Of the four monkeys that died, only two died from anthrax and the remaining two from complications. This treatment regime is believed to hold great promise for application to man.
The Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolates on the Urinary Tract Pathogens to Infants In Vitro (2009)

Urinary tract infections are common clinical problems in children, even though lots of treatment strategies have been tried. Many studies of the application of probiotics for urinary tract infection in female adults exist, but there is a lack of studies in children. The aims of this study were to screen probiotic strains for inhibiting the uropathogens in vitro, to find candidates for in vivo study. Nine strains of E. coli were isolated from children with urinary tract infection and six uropathogens were obtained from Korean Collection for Type Cultures and American Type Culture Collection. Also 135 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were isolated from healthy children, and were identified through physiologic, biochemical methods, 16S rDNA PCR, and data analysis. And with agar disk diffusion assay technique the antimicrobial activities of these LAB strains against those uropathogens were examined. Three strains of separated LAB strains demonstrated major antimicrobial activity against all the uropathogens. In the agar disk diffusion assay technique, antimicrobial activities increased most in the 4th day culture broth with separated Lactobacillus. In summary, some LAB can be used as candidates to develop the probiotic microorganisms that inhibit uropathogens in children, and are expected to be applied to treatment and prevention of pediatric urinary tract infection.
Chemistry of salicylic acid and anthranilic acid. IV. Synthesis of 6-chloro-5-sulfamoyl- and 6-chloro-3-sulfamoylanthranilic acid derivatives. (1979)

Some derivatives of 6-chloro-5-sulfamoyl-and 6-chloro-3-sulfamoylanthranilic acids, which have a chlorine atom and a sulfamoyl group ortho and meta to the carboxy group, respectively, were synthesized and the diuretic activities of the two positional isomers were compared. The presence of a chlorine atom ortho to the carboxy group, which enhanced the hypoglycemic activity of anthranilic acid derivatives, had no effect on the diuretic activity of sulfamoylanthranilic acid derivatives. The diuretic activity of the 6-chloro-3-sulfamoylanthranilic acid derivatives was greater than that of the 6-chloro-5-sulfamoyl ones.
Treatment of Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome and other sterol disorders (2012)

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is an autosomal recessive genetic condition with a broad phenotype that results from deficiency of the final enzyme of the cholesterol synthesis pathway. This defect causes low or low-normal plasma cholesterol levels and increased 7- and 8-dehydrocholesterol (DHC) levels. Many therapies for SLOS and other disorders of sterol metabolism have been proposed, and a few of them have been undertaken in selected patients, but robust prospective clinical trials with validated outcome measures are lacking. We review the current literature and expert opinion on treatments for SLOS and other selected sterol disorders, including dietary cholesterol therapy, statin treatment, bile acid supplementation, medical therapies, and surgical interventions, as well as directions for future therapies and treatment research.
Plasma amino acids in humans fed plant proteins (1983)

La concentration plasmatique d'aminoacides a ete determinee chez des sujets avec risque eleve de maladies vasculaires. Ces sujets alimentes avec un regime equilibre a base de proteines vegetales montrent une augmentation de la concentration plasmatique de threonine, serine, glycine et arginine et une diminution de la concentration de valine, leucine, tyrosine et histidine. Le rapport lysine/arginine est sensiblement diminue
<i>ALT1</i>-encoded alanine aminotransferase plays a central role in the metabolism of alanine in<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2009)

In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the paralogous genes ALT1 and ALT2 have been proposed to encode alanine aminotransferase isozymes. Although in other microorganisms this enzyme constitutes the main pathway for alanine biosynthesis, its role in S. cerevisiae had remained unclear. Results presented in this paper show that under respiratory conditions, Alt1p constitutes the sole pathway for alanine biosynthesis and catabolism, constituting the first example of an alanine aminotransferase that simultaneously carries out both functions. Conversely, under fermentative conditions, it plays a catabolic role and alanine is mainly synthesized through an alternative pathway. It can thus be concluded that ALT1 has functions in alanine biosynthesis and utilization or only alanine utilization under respiratory and fermentative conditions, respectively. ALT2 expression was repressed under all tested conditions, suggesting that Alt2p biosynthesis is strictly controlled and only allowed to express under peculiar physiological conditions.
Pemphigus vulgaris (2019)

Pemphigus vulgaris is a chronic autoimmune bullous dermatosis that results from the production of autoantibodies against desmogleins 1 and 3. It is the most frequent and most severe form of pemphigus, occurring universally, usually between 40 and 60 years of age. It usually begins with blisters and erosions on the oral mucosa, followed by lesions on other mucous membranes and flaccid blisters on the skin, which can be disseminated. There is a clinical variant, pemphigus vegetans, which is characterized by the presence of vegetating lesions in the large folds of the skin. Clinical suspicion can be confirmed by cytological examination, histopathological examination, and direct and indirect immunofluorescence tests. The treatment is performed with systemic corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive drugs may be associated, among them azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil. More severe cases may benefit from corticosteroids in the form of intravenous pulse therapy, and recent studies have shown a beneficial effect of rituximab, an anti-CD20 immunobiological drug. It is a chronic disease with mortality around 10%, and septicemia is the main cause of death. Patients need long-term and multidisciplinary follow-up.
Ultrasensitive Detection of CrO<sub>4</sub><sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup> Using a Microcantilever Sensor (2001)

Microcantilevers modified with a self-assembled monolayer respond sensitively to specific ion concentrations. Here, we report the detection of trace amounts of CrO4(2-) using microcantilevers modified with a self-assembled monolayer of triethyl-12-mercaptododecylammonium bromide. The self-assembled monolayer was prepared on a silicon microcantilever coated with a thin layer of gold on one side. The microcantilever undergoes bending due to sorption of CrO4(2-) ions on the monolayer-modified side. It was found that a concentration of 10(-9) M CrO4(2-) can be detected using this technology in a flow cell. Other anions, such as Cl-, Br-, CO3(2-) (or HCO3-), and SO4(2-), have minimal effect on the deflection of this cantilever. The mechanics of the bending and the chemistry of cantilever modification are discussed.
Gravel Pack Studies in a Full-Scale, High-Pressure Wellbore Model (1987)

ABSTRACT The low perforation efficiency in many gravel pack completions suggests that current technology used in these completions could be improved. A full-scale, high-pressure visual wellbore model has been built to study the gravel packing process. This 100 ft long model is capable of operating at pressures up to 1,000 psi. It has 280 perforations over a 35 ft zone to accurately simulate a typical 500 md Gulf Coast well. Excellent reproducibility has been obtained with the model. Model experiments show that the circulating/squeeze pack method performs better than the squeeze method, and that standard HEC carrier fluid is superior to crosslinked CMHEC. As reported by other investigators, highly deviated wells are more difficult to pack than vertical wells. End effects observed in this model show that conclusions drawn from shorter models could be highly erroneous.
Distributed admission control for power-controlled cellular wireless systems (2001)

It is well known that power control can help to improve spectrum utilization in cellular wireless systems. However, many existing distributed power control algorithms do not work well without an effective connection admission control (CAC) mechanism, because they could diverge and result in dropping existing calls when an infeasible call is admitted. In this work, based on a system parameter defined as the discriminant, we propose two distributed CAC algorithms for a power-controlled system. Under these CAC schemes, an infeasible call is rejected early, and incurs only a small disturbance to existing calls, while a feasible call is admitted and the system converges to the Pareto optimal power assignment. Simulation results demonstrate the performance of our algorithms.
Behavior of human osteoblastic cells on stoichiometric hydroxyapatite and type A carbonate apatite: Role of surface energy (2000)

To determine the role of physicochemical characteristics of the surface of dense ceramics on osteoconduction, we studied the proliferation and differentiation of human trabecular (HT) osteoblastic cells, extracellular collagenous matrix production, and biologic apatite formation on stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HA) and type A carbonate apatite (CA). The surface physicochemical characteristics (composition, roughness) of HA and CA carefully were determined by Fourier-transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron, and Raman spectroscopies, and by FTIR microscopy, before and after cell culture. On both HA and CA substrates, HT cells attached, proliferated, and differentiated. Cell proliferation did not differ on HA and CA. However, the initial cell attachment and spreading of HT cells were much lower on CA compared to HA. Physicochemical and biologic analyses showed that collagenous synthesis by HT cells after 6 weeks of culture also was lower on CA than on HA. Quantitative histologic analysis confirmed that the collagenous matrix production was lower on CA than on HA. Measurement of wettability showed that the polar interaction energy with water was significantly lower on CA than on HA. The lower cell attachment and collagen production on CA compared to HA clearly were related to the low affinity of HT cells for the CA surface. This study shows that the surface energy of the biomaterial greatly influences the initial cell attachment and spreading of human osteoblastic cells at the surface and affects collagenous matrix deposition on the biomaterial. This suggests that the enhancement of polar components of the surface of dense biomaterials may improve osteoblastic cell attachment and, thereby, osteoconduction.