gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipopolysaccharide of the <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Type Strain NCTC 11637 (ATCC 43504):  Structure of the O Antigen Chain and Core Oligosaccharide Regions (1996)

Smooth- and rough-form lipopolysaccharides from phenol-water extraction of cells from Helicobacter pylori type strain NCTC 11637 were isolated as the water-soluble component of high-M(r) and water-insoluble low-M(r) gel. Structural investigations were performed on the intact water-soluble smooth-form lipopolysaccharide, various oligosaccharides formed as chemical and enzymic degradation products, and three oligosaccharide fractions liberated by acetic acid hydrolysis from the water-insoluble rough-form lipopolysaccharide. A structure is proposed for the complete polysaccharide component of the smooth-form lipopolysaccharide comprising the O antigen chain, an intervening region, and the inner core oligosaccharide on the basis of 1H and 13C NMR experiments, fast atom bombardment/mass spectrometry, and methylation linkage analysis of permethylated oligo- and polysaccharide derivatives. The most striking feature of the O antigen region in the lipopolysaccharide is the presence of extended chains with fucosylated and nonfucosylated N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) units that mimic human cell surface glycoconjugates in normal human granulocytes. The chains are terminated by di- or trimeric Lewis(x) (Le(x)) determinants, which are also found in tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens in many adenocarcinomas.
Some plasma environmental technologies developed in Russia (2002)

This paper deals with a number of studies, carried out in Russia, on investigation of plasma technologies for environment protection. Physical processes in low temperature plasma generators (AC plasmatrons), which are the basic units of these systems are described. Plasma technologies on treatment of medical waste and liquid Cl–F carbons are given. The results of pulse discharges of low energy for bactericidal water purification are presented.
Anti-Mesothelin Antibodies and Circulating Mesothelin Relate to the Clinical State in Ovarian Cancer Patients (2008)

Most human ovarian carcinomas express mesothelin, which is shed as a diagnostically useful biomarker. We applied an ELISA to measure antibodies to native mesothelin in serum from a series of patients with divergent clinical outcomes. The level of anti-mesothelin antibodies determined as OD(450 nm) and referred to as absorption units (AU) for 1:20 diluted serum was higher in patients who remained disease-free after therapy [no evidence of disease (NED); n = 14] than in patients whose disease recurred [clinical evidence of disease (CED); n = 21; P < 0.01]. Applying AU > or = 0.5 at a serum dilution of 1:20 as cutoff, 10 of 14 (71%) ovarian carcinoma patients with NED and 9 of 21 (43%) patients with CED had antibodies to mesothelin compared with 6 of 23 (26%) healthy women (P < 0.008) and 5 of 24 (21%) women with other benign gynecologic diseases (P < 0.003), whereas 7 of 9 (78%) of women with pelvic inflammatory disease were positive. Three of the 14 (21%) NED patients had circulating mesothelin detected as an AU > or = 0.2 at a serum dilution of 1:40 (P < 0.005) compared with 15 of 21 (71%) CED patients, and 9 of 14 (64%) NED patients (P < 0.0002) were positive for antibodies and negative for antigen compared with 1 of 21 (5%) CED patients. Although our data indicate that an antibody response to mesothelin is an important correlate of ovarian carcinoma, prospective studies are needed to show whether the measurement of such antibodies (alone or together with antigen) aids the diagnosis and monitoring of patients.
Gear Tooth Root Stresses of a Very Heavily Loaded Gear Pair: Case Study — Orbiter Body Flap Actuator Pinion and Ring Gear (2015)

The space shuttle orbiter’s body flap actuator gearing was assessed as a case study of the stresses for very heavily loaded external-internal gear pairs (meshing pinion and ring gear). For many applications, using the high point of single tooth contact (HPSTC) to locate the position of the tooth force is adequate for assessing the maximum tooth root stress condition. But for aerospace gearing such an approach may be inadequate for assessing the stress condition while also simultaneously minimizing mass. In this work specialized contact analyses and finite element methods were used to study gear tooth stresses of body flap actuator gears. The analytical solutions considered the elastic deformations as an inherent part of the solutions. The ratio for the maximum tooth stresses using the HPSTC approach solutions relative to the contact analysis and finite element solutions were 1.40 for the ring gear and 1.28 for the pinion gear.
Neuropilins: expression and roles in the epithelium (2012)

Initially found expressed in neuronal and then later in endothelial cells, it is well established that the transmembrane glycoproteins neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and neuropilin-2 (NRP2) play essential roles in axonal growth and guidance and in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Neuropilin expression and function in epithelial cells has received little attention when compared with neuronal and endothelial cells. Overexpression of NRPs is shown to enhance growth, correlate with invasion and is associated with poor prognosis in various tumour types, especially those of epithelial origin. The contribution of NRP and its ligands to tumour growth and metastasis has spurred a strong interest in NRPs as novel chemotherapy drug targets. Given NRP's role as a multifunctional co-receptor with an ability to bind with disparate ligand families, this has sparked new areas of research implicating NRPs in diverse biological functions. Here, we review the growing body of research demonstrating NRP expression and role in the normal and neoplastic epithelium.
Crystal Reports XI Official Guide (2006)

The authorized guide to the latest edition of the #1 business intelligence software product - Crystal Reports. More than 16 million licenses of Crystal Reports have been shipped to date.i¾ This book is a reference designed to provide hands-on guidance for the latest release of the product suite. The latest version of Crystal Reports and the Business Objects enterprise reporting suite delivers vast product enhancements and a tighter integration that will drive upgrades from licensees. Brand new features (e.g. Dynamic and Cascading Parameter Generation) will also appeal to new audiences. Over 1 million new Business Intelligence licensees will be migrating to the Crystal Enterprise Reporting platform, as this is the first release of the software with the existing Business Objects (BO) products being integrated into the Crystal infrastructure. As Business Objects insiders, the authors bring unique and valuable real-world perspectives on implementations and uses of the Crystal Reports product. The book also includes content, tutorials and samples for reporting within the Microsoft Visual Studio.NET and J2EE development environments and also on top of the SAP Business Information Warehouse (BW) and the Peoplesoft platform. Advanced content on report distribution and integration into the secured managed reporting solution known as Business Objects Enterprise XI, is also now included in this definitive user guide with coverage on the new Web Services SDK.
Induction of cytokines in a human colon epithelial cell line by Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) and Stx2 but not by non‐toxic mutant Stx1 which lacks <i>N</i>‐glycosidase activity (1999)

Stx1 and Stx2 produced by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli are cytotoxic due to their N-glycosidase activity on 28S rRNA. In this study, we have shown that proinflammatory cytokine mRNAs, especially IL-8, were induced by Stx1 and Stx2 in Caco-2 cells. A non-toxic mutant of Stxl which lacks N-glycosidase activity did not induce cytokine mRNAs. IL-8 production at the protein level was enhanced by Stx1 and Stx2, but not by the mutant Stx1. These results demonstrate that Shiga toxins induce expression and synthesis of cytokines in Caco-2 cells and their N-glycosidase activity is essential for the induction.
Directed evolution of broadly crossreactive chemokine-blocking antibodies efficacious in arthritis (2018)

Chemokine receptors typically have multiple ligands. Consequently, treatment with a blocking antibody against a single chemokine is expected to be insufficient for efficacy. Here we show single-chain antibodies can be engineered for broad crossreactivity toward multiple human and mouse proinflammatory ELR<sup>+</sup> CXC chemokines. The engineered molecules recognize functional epitopes of ELR<sup>+</sup> CXC chemokines and inhibit neutrophil activation ex vivo. Furthermore, an albumin fusion of the most crossreactive single-chain antibody prevents and reverses inflammation in the K/BxN mouse model of arthritis. Thus, we report an approach for the molecular evolution and selection of broadly crossreactive antibodies towards a family of structurally related, yet sequence-diverse protein targets, with general implications for the development of novel therapeutics.
Assessment of Infectivity Using a Herpesvirus Saimiri (HVS) Recombinant that Expresses HVS–GFP: Figure 1. (2011)

Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) is capable of infecting a wide range of human cell types with high efficiency. The viral genome persists as high-copy-number, circular, nonintegrated episomes that segregate to progeny on cell division. This allows HVS-based vectors to transduce stably a dividing cell population and provide sustained transgene expression for an extended period of time both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the insertion of a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) cassette into the HVS genome simplifies the incorporation of large amounts of heterologous DNA for gene delivery. These properties offer characteristics similar to that of an artificial chromosome combined with an efficient delivery system. This protocol describes the use of an HVS recombinant virus expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) (HVS–GFP) to assess the infectivity of a specific cell line.
Comparison of MRI and DXA to measure muscle size and age-related atrophy in thigh muscles. (2013)

DXA underestimates the age-related loss of thigh muscle mass in comparison to MRI. The quadriceps muscles were more susceptible to age-related atrophy compared with other thigh muscles.
Design of Intelligent Control Systems Based on Hierarchical Stochastic Automata (1996)

Review on the design of intelligent control systems learning stochastic automata stochastic grammars hierarchical intelligent machines revistied a peformance measure for intelligent control systems the intelligent machine as a hierarchical stochastic automation design methodology and execution algorithm convergence rate and convergence acceleration of learning examples and cases studies conclusions and suggested future work.
Lead Contamination in Schoolyard Soils (2013)

Lead contamination in soils can pose a serious health threat to children. Lead has been widely linked to a number of health issues such as mental lapses, learning disability, and damage to the nervous system. Old, chipped paint is a common source of Pb in soils whereby the paint chips accumulate in soils. Young children playing in such contaminated soils are at risk of inadvertently ingesting Pb. Soils at 11 public schools in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana were scanned for Pb using portable X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry. Soils at four of the evaluated schools contained Pb levels >400 mg kg −1 , the USEPA and Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality screening limit for Pb levels in bare soils in areas of play. Many areas of chipping paint on buildings and paint flakes on soils were noted. Several simple steps can and should be taken to limit children's exposure to Pb‐contaminated soils in public school settings.
A general distance-geometry three-dimensional receptor model for diverse dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors (1984)

A common three-dimensional receptor model has been formulated for six different classes of rat liver dihydrofolate reductase inhibits using the distance geometry approach. Altogether, 62 molecules of five different classes were used to generate the receptor model, which has 11 attractive site points and 5 repulsive ones. It gave a fit having a correlation coefficient of 0.949 and root mean square (rms) deviation of 0.527. The attractive site points of the model closely correspond to the one we reported earlier. The model successfully predicted the biological data of 33 molecules of 5 different classes, one molecule of which was a member of a new class not included in the original data set. Guidelines are put forth for the synthesis of improved inhibitors.
Functional features of the bovine enterovirus 5′-non-translated region (1999)

The bovine enterovirus (BEV) serotypes exhibit unique features of the non-translated regions (NTRs) which separate them from the other enteroviruses. Their most remarkable property is an additional genome region of 110 nt located between the 5'-cloverleaf and the internal ribosome entry site (IRES). This genome region has the potential to form an additional cloverleaf structure (domain I*) separated from the 5'-cloverleaf (domain I) by a small stem-loop (domain I**). Other characteristics involve the putative IRES domains III and VI. In order to investigate the features of the 5'-NTR, several full-length coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) cDNA plasmids with hybrid 5'-NTRs were engineered. After exchange of the CVB3 cloverleaf with the BEV1 genome region representing both cloverleafs, a viable virus chimera was generated. Deletion of domain I** within the exchanged region also yielded viable virus albeit with reduced growth capacity. Deletion of sequences encoding either the first or the second BEV cloverleaf resulted in non-infectious constructs. Hybrid plasmids with exchanges of the IRES-encoding sequence or the complete 5'-NTR were non-infectious. Transfection experiments with SP6 transcripts containing 5'-NTRs fused to the luciferase message indicated that IRES-driven translation is enhanced by the presence of the CVB3 cloverleaf and both BEV1 cloverleaf structures, respectively. Deletion of either the first or the second BEV cloverleaf domain reduced but did not abolish enhanced luciferase expression. These results suggest that the substitution of two putative BEV cloverleaf structures for the putative coxsackieviral cloverleaf yields viable virus, while BEV sequences encoding the IRES fail to functionally replace CVB3 IRES-encoding sequences.
Long-Term Lemonade Based Dietary Manipulation in Patients With Hypocitraturic Nephrolithiasis (2007)

Due to its significant citraturic effect, lemonade therapy appears to be a reasonable alternative for patients with hypocitraturia who cannot tolerate first line therapy. Future study in the form of a prospective, randomized trial is needed to validate these findings.
A Botnet Detecting Infrastructure Using a Beneficial Botnet (2018)

A beneficial botnet, which tries to cope with technology of malicious botnets such as peer to peer (P2P) networking and Domain Generation Algorithm (DGA), is discussed. In order to cope with such botnets' technology, we are developing a beneficial botnet as an anti-bot measure, using our previous beneficial bot. The beneficial botnet is a group of beneficial bots. The peer to peer (P2P) communication of malicious botnet is hard to detect by a single Intrusion Detection System (IDS). Our beneficial botnet has the ability to detect P2P communication, using collaboration of our beneficial bots. The beneficial bot could detect communication of the pseudo botnet which mimics malicious botnet communication. Our beneficial botnet may also detect communication using DGA. Furthermore, our beneficial botnet has ability to cope with new technology of new botnets, because our beneficial botnet has the ability to evolve, as same as malicious botnets.
Development of 3D-input device for virtual surface manipulation (2002)

This paper reports the virtual surface manipulation system with force feedback. The developed system is a Cartesian manipulator with stiffness, toughness, and linearity. The proposed manipulator allows the operator spatially manipulates the virtual space with 6DOF, using a force sensor. The control system of the manipulator realizes smooth movement using velocity control. As an application of the system, the deforming operation of virtual surface is shown in an experiment. This paper describes the mechanism and the control method of the manipulator with adaptive damper using network architecture learning through backpropagation technique.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Quantification of Liver Fat Content: Comparison of Triple-Echo Chemical Shift Gradient-Echo Imaging and in Vivo Proton MR Spectroscopy (2008)

A breath-hold triple-echo gradient-echo sequence with a low flip angle and correction for T2* decay is accurate for quantifying fat in segment VII of the liver. Given its excellent correlation and concordance with (1)H MR spectroscopy, this triple-echo sequence could replace (1)H MR spectroscopy in longitudinal studies.
Rapid Synthesis of Phosphorus-Containing Dendrimers with Controlled Molecular Architectures:  First Example of Surface-Block, Layer-Block, and Segment-Block Dendrimers Issued from the Same Dendron (2000)

A third generation dendron possessing one activated vinyl group linked to the core and 16 chlorines linked to the surface has been functionalized with various groups at the core (primary amine, phosphine, or azide), and on the surface (aldehyde, tertiary amine, or nitrile). These functionalized dendrons are used as building blocks for the synthesis of several complex dendritic architectures, obtained through core−core, core−surface, or core−core−surface−core couplings using very simple one-step reactions between these functions, such as Michael additions between vinyl and primary amino groups or Staudinger reactions between phosphines and azides. These reactions finally induce the formation of layer-block dendrons, a surface-block dendrimer, a layer-block dendrimer, a layered surface-block dendrimer, and a segment-block dendrimer, all issued from the same original dendron.
The coalescence of [001] diamond grains heteroepitaxially grown on (001) silicon (1996)

The coalescence of diamond grains grown by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition was observed at an atomic level using high resolution electron microscopy in combination with scanning electron microscopy. It was shown that large diamond crystals can be grown either by a coalescence of two [001]-oriented grains which have a slight misorientation or by a switch of the grain boundary, which is usually perpendicular to the surface plane, to a parallel direction. A single crystalline film might be deposited when the growing surface is fully covered by the (001) plane, i.e., no {111} top facet appears to separate the growing (001) surface.
Physical Properties of Fatty Acid Esters of 1,2-Propane Diol. Part-I : I-Monoesters and Monoacid Diesters (1983)

Department of Chemical Technology, University of Bombay, Bombay-400 019 <em>Manuscript received 2 </em>April <em>1983, accepted 1 September 1983</em> Pure monoacid diesters and 1-monoesters of 1,2-propane diol of odd chain fatty acids as well as of two higher even chain fatty acids were prepared and their physical properties determined. The odd and even chain fatty acid esters behave as two separate series, with respect to their melting behaviour : when considered as one series, alternation in the m.p. is evident. <em>The </em>changes in density and refractive index due to graded increases in molecular weight of the diesters, differ slightly for short and long chain fatty acid esters ; dipropionate has the lowest viscosity amongst the diesters.
Effect of Nb<sup>5+</sup>substitution on the piezoelectric properties of PLZT ceramics (1991)

Abstract The effect of Nb5+ substitution on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of PLZT (5/65/35) ceramics are investigated for different Nb concentrations. Optimum piezoelectric properties are obtained for 0.5 mole% Nb substitution. The room temperature dielectric constant increases with Nb concentration whereas Curie temperature Tc and peak dielectric constant ϵTc decreases with increase of Nb concentration. As the Nb concentration increases from 0.5 mole% to 1.5 mole% both Kp and Kt decrease.
Reactions of some heterocyclic quaternary salts with trifluoroacetic anhydride (1983)

Treatment of the methiodides of 4a-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4aH-carbazole, 2-methyl-3H-indole-3-spirocyclopentane, 2-methylbenzothiazole, and 2-methylquinoline with trifluoroacetic anhydride afforded trifluoromethyl ketones. Some reactions of these enaminones with nitrogen-containing nucleophiles are described, attack taking place at the carbon–carbon and the carbon–oxygen double bonds.
Pd(OAc)<sub>2</sub>-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling Reaction of Benzenes with Olefins in the Presence of Molybdovanadophosphoric Acid under Atmospheric Dioxygen and Air (2004)

The direct oxidative coupling reaction of benzenes with alkenes bearing an electron-withdrawing group was successfully achieved by the use of Pd(OAc)(2)/molybdovanadophosphoric acid (HPMoV) as the key catalyst under O(2) or air atmosphere. Thus, the reaction of benzene with ethyl acrylate under air (1 atm) assisted by Pd(OAc)(2)/HPMoV afforded ethyl cinnamate as a major product in satisfactory yield (74%). This catalytic system could be extended to the coupling reactions between various substituted benzenes and alkenes through the direct aromatic C-H bond activation. In the reaction of benzene with ethyl acrylate under O(2) (1 atm), the best turn-over number (TON) of Pd(OAc)(2) reached was 121. This reaction provides a green route to cinnamate derivatives, which are important precursors of a variety of pharmaceuticals.
Approximations for nonlinear functions (1992)

Results concerning the uniform approximation of nonlinear functionals on compact sets are discussed. The results are of interest in connection with neural network-like classifiers for continuous-time signals and approximations for the input-output maps of dynamic systems. It is shown that function-space feedforward neural networks with one input layer of bounded linear functionals and one hidden nonlinear layer each are universal approximators of real continuous functionals on compact subsets of a normed linear space.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Respiratory consequences of N95-type Mask usage in pregnant healthcare workers—a controlled clinical study (2015)

The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT00265926.
Development and Evaluation of a Computer Expert System for the Management of Fetal Distress (1994)

The general lack of specialist obstetricians in a developing country such as Malaysia prompted us to develop a computer expert system for the management of fetal distress in rural hospitals. It was based on accepted production rules and implemented on a microcomputer. The clinical prototype was evaluated by 8 specialist obstetricians and 21 non-specialist doctors involved in obstetric care. The initial impression was that this type of expert system may help in diagnosis, decision-making and teaching.