gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Biological Analysis of Thiotetra(ethylene glycol) monomethyl Ether-Functionalized Porphyrazines: Cellular Uptake and Toxicity Studies (2007)

The porphyrazines (pzs), a class of porphyrin analogues, are being investigated for their potential use as tumor imaging/therapeutic agents. We here examine six peripherally-functionalized M[pz(AnB4-n)] pzs with n=4, 3, or 2 (in a trans conformation) and M = H2 or Zn, where A is an [S((CH2)2O)4Me]2 unit and B is a fused beta,beta'-diisopropyloxybenzo group. Cell viability/proliferation assays and fluorescence microscopy were carried out in both tumor and normal cells. Dark toxicity studies disclosed that four of the compounds exhibited toxicity in both normal and tumor cells; one was nontoxic in both normal and tumor cells, and one was selectively toxic to normal cells. Additionally, three of the pzs showed enhanced photo-induced toxicity with these effects in some cases being observed at treatment concentrations of up to ten-fold lower than that needed for a response in Photofrin. All six compounds were preferentially absorbed by tumor cells, suggesting that they have potential as in vitro diagnostic agents and as aids in the isolation and purification of aberrant cells from pathological specimens. In particular, two promising diagnostic candidates have been identified as part of this work.
Reaction of Ferric Chloride with Alkylbenzenes<sup>1,2</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of Ferric Chloride with Alkylbenzenes1,2Peter Kovacic, Chisung Wu, and Reid W. StewartCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 8, 1917–1923Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01493a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01493a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views498Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optical processing with electroabsorption modulators (2002)

Summary form only given. Electroabsorption (EA) modulators were primarily intended for high-speed coding as an alternative to LiNbO/sub 3/ Mach-Zehnder modulators. Beyond this application, EA modulators have been increasingly used for various optical processing functions thanks to specific properties. We focus in this paper on the use of multiple EA modulators, either in series or in parallel, for optical processing.
Digital Investigation of Security Attacks on Cardiac Implantable Medical Devices (2014)

A Cardiac Implantable Medical device (IMD) is a device, which is surgically implanted into a patient's body, and wirelessly configured using an external programmer by prescribing physicians and doctors. A set of lethal attacks targeting these devices can be conducted due to the use of vulnerable wireless communication and security protocols, and the lack of security protection mechanisms deployed on IMDs. In this paper, we propose a system for postmortem analysis of lethal attack scenarios targeting cardiac IMDs. Such a system reconciles in the same framework conclusions derived by technical investigators and deductions generated by pathologists. An inference system integrating a library of medical rules is used to automatically infer potential medical scenarios that could have led to the death of a patient. A Model Checking based formal technique allowing the reconstruction of potential technical attack scenarios on the IMD, starting from the collected evidence, is also proposed. A correlation between the results obtained by the two techniques allows to prove whether a potential attack scenario is the source of the patient's death.
Mutations in the RB1 gene and their effects on transcription. (1989)

Inactivation of both alleles of the RB1 gene during normal retinal development initiates the formation of a retinoblastoma (RB) tumor. To identify the mutations which inactivate RB1, 21 RB tumors isolated from 19 patients were analyzed with the polymerase chain reaction or an RNase protection assay or both. Mutations were identified in 13 of 21 RB tumors; in 8 tumors, the precise errors in nucleotide sequence were characterized. Each of four germ line mutations involved a small deletion or duplication, while three somatic mutations were point mutations leading to splice alterations and loss of an exon from the mature RB1 mRNA. We were unable to detect expression of the mutant allele in lymphoblasts of three bilaterally affected patients, although the mutation was present in the genomic DNA and transcripts containing the mutations were obvious in the RB tumors in the absence of a normal RB1 allele. The variations in the level of expression of mutant transcripts suggest deregulation of RB1 transcription in the absence of a functional RB1 gene product.
DeepMeshFlow: Content Adaptive Mesh Deformation for Robust Image Registration (2019)

Image alignment by mesh warps, such as meshflow, is a fundamental task which has been widely applied in various vision applications(e.g., multi-frame HDR/denoising, video stabilization). Traditional mesh warp methods detect and match image features, where the quality of alignment highly depends on the quality of image features. However, the image features are not robust in occurrence of low-texture and low-light scenes. Deep homography methods, on the other hand, are free from such problem by learning deep features for robust performance. However, a homography is limited to plane motions. In this work, we present a deep meshflow motion model, which takes two images as input and output a sparse motion field with motions located at mesh vertexes. The deep meshflow enjoys the merics of meshflow that can describe nonlinear motions while also shares advantage of deep homography that is robust against challenging textureless scenarios. In particular, a new unsupervised network structure is presented with content-adaptive capability. On one hand, the image content that cannot be aligned under mesh representation are rejected by our learned mask, similar to the RANSAC procedure. On the other hand, we learn multiple mesh resolutions, combining to a non-uniform mesh division. Moreover, a comprehensive dataset is presented, covering various scenes for training and testing. The comparison between both traditional mesh warp methods and deep based methods show the effectiveness of our deep meshflow motion model.
Mail order inventory control (1983)

While the share of all retail sales taken by the mail order sector has increased from 4.7% in 1976 to 6.4% in 1982, such companies face special problems when it comes to inventory control. In their paper Alan Waddington and Leslie Chadwick examine the difficulties and demonstrate how successful inventory control can boost sales turnover and profit growth.
Magnetic nanowire-enhanced optomagnetic tweezers (2009)

We present an optomagnetic tweezers technique that utilizes the highly localized magnetic field gradients generated near the tip of a magnetic nanowire to provide strong trapping forces on magnetic nanoparticles with high spatial resolution. Integral to the approach is a method to trap, translate, and rotate a single magnetic nanowire in three dimensions; this nanowire is in turn capable of exerting forces on magnetic nanoparticles. Our simulation predicts that forces in the range of 100 pN can be generated on 200 nm magnetic particles within a distance of 0.3 µm from a 200 nm diameter nickel nanowire, magnetized to saturation. Such forces are relevant in many biological processes, suggesting this approach may be of value in biophysical studies.
Conversational End-to-End TTS for Voice Agent (2020)

End-to-end neural TTS has achieved superior performance on reading style speech synthesis. However, it's still a challenge to build a high-quality conversational TTS due to the limitations of the corpus and modeling capability. This study aims at building a conversational TTS for a voice agent under sequence to sequence modeling framework. We firstly construct a spontaneous conversational speech corpus well designed for the voice agent with a new recording scheme ensuring both recording quality and conversational speaking style. Secondly, we propose a conversation context-aware end-to-end TTS approach which has an auxiliary encoder and a conversational context encoder to reinforce the information about the current utterance and its context in a conversation as well. Experimental results show that the proposed methods produce more natural prosody in accordance with the conversational context, with significant preference gains at both utterance-level and conversation-level. Moreover, we find that the model has the ability to express some spontaneous behaviors, like fillers and repeated words, which makes the conversational speaking style more realistic.
Solute‐Vacancy Interaction Model and the Effect of Minor Alloying Elements on the Initiation of Pitting Corrosion (1985)

A solute‐vacancy interaction model (SVIM) is proposed to account for the effects of minor alloying elements (e.g., Mo) on the breakdown of passive films. This model, which is an extension of the point‐defect model (15–17) that was previously developed to account for the growth and breakdown of passive films, assumes that highly charged solutes (e.g., Mo6+) form complexes with negatively charged cation vacancies . This interaction has the effect of reducing the flux of cation vacancies from the film/solution interface to the metal/film interface, and hence of increasing the breakdown voltage and the induction time for pitting attack. By using experimental data for 18%Cr‐1%Mo to calculate values for various parameters, we found that the SVIM accurately predicts the changes in and for higher molybdenum concentrations in these ferritic stainless steels.
Cortical entrainment to music and its modulation by expertise (2015)

Recent studies establish that cortical oscillations track naturalistic speech in a remarkably faithful way. Here, we test whether such neural activity, particularly low-frequency (<8 Hz; delta-theta) oscillations, similarly entrain to music and whether experience modifies such a cortical phenomenon. Music of varying tempi was used to test entrainment at different rates. In three magnetoencephalography experiments, we recorded from nonmusicians, as well as musicians with varying years of experience. Recordings from nonmusicians demonstrate cortical entrainment that tracks musical stimuli over a typical range of tempi, but not at tempi below 1 note per second. Importantly, the observed entrainment correlates with performance on a concurrent pitch-related behavioral task. In contrast, the data from musicians show that entrainment is enhanced by years of musical training, at all presented tempi. This suggests a bidirectional relationship between behavior and cortical entrainment, a phenomenon that has not previously been reported. Additional analyses focus on responses in the beta range (∼15-30 Hz)-often linked to delta activity in the context of temporal predictions. Our findings provide evidence that the role of beta in temporal predictions scales to the complex hierarchical rhythms in natural music and enhances processing of musical content. This study builds on important findings on brainstem plasticity and represents a compelling demonstration that cortical neural entrainment is tightly coupled to both musical training and task performance, further supporting a role for cortical oscillatory activity in music perception and cognition.
Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity of Inhaled Human Natural Interferon-Beta in Patients with Lung Cancer (1994)

Eight patients with a thoracic malignancy inhaled single doses of 3-100 x 10(6) IU of human natural interferon (IFN)-beta via a dosimeter-equipped jet nebulizer. After inhalation IFN-beta was not detectable in any of the serum samples as measured using an antiviral bioassay. Except for a slight body temperature rise and an 18% decrease in peak expiratory flow rate observed in 1 patient the patients did not experience any major side effects. Inhaled natural IFN-beta in this study was tolerated better than inhaled IFN-alpha or IFN-gamma in our previous studies. IFN-beta might thus be a promising local treatment for pulmonary diseases. Further work is needed to investigate the concentrations of biologically active IFN in alveolar epithelial lining fluid after inhalation and the therapeutic effect of inhaled IFN-beta.
Living cationic polymerization of ethyl 2‐(vinyloxy)ethoxyacetate: A vinyl ether with an ether and an ester function in the pendant (1989)

Abstract Ethyl 2‐(vinyloxy)ethoxyacetate ( 4 ; CH 2 CHOCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 COOC 2 H 5 ), a vinyl ether having both carboxylic acid ester and oxyethylene unit in its pendant, afforded well‐defined living polymers when polymerized by the hydrogen iodide/iodine (HI/I 2 ) initiating system in toluene at −40°C. The polymers possessed a narrow molecular weight distribution ( M w / M n ≤ 1.15), and their molecular weight ( M n ) increased proportionally to monomer conversion or the molar ratio of the monomer to hydrogen iodide. The polymer molecular weight also increased upon addition of a fresh feed of the monomer to a completely polymerized reaction mixture. Polymers of high molecular weights ( M n > 5 × 10 5 ) and broad molecular weight distributions were obtained by BF 3 OEt 2 in toluene at −40°C. Polymerization rate of 4 with HI/I 2 is ca. 100 times greater than that of the corresponding alkyl vinyl ether, and thus 4 was found to be one of the most reactive vinyl ethers thus far studied. Alkaline hydrolysis of the pendant ester groups of the polymers gave a vinyl ether‐based polymeric carboxylic acid 6 with a narrow molecular weight distribution.
Integrated IP multicast in mobile ad hoc networks with multiple attachments to wired IP networks (2005)

Little has been accomplished to date in bringing together the traditional IP multicast model used in fixed networks and multicast routing protocols for wireless ad hoc networks. We analyse the provision of an integrated IP multicast service in which mobile hosts can seamlessly participate in IP multicast sessions regardless of their point of attachment to the network (e.g. fixed network, ad hoc network, etc.). We propose a multicast architecture in combination with a new ad hoc multicast routing protocol called MMARP. It combines the efficiency of multicast ad hoc routing protocols with the support of standard IP nodes without an impairment in the overall performance. Our empirical studies on the handover between different access routers shows that the proposed approach clearly outperforms the traditional single-hop wireless multicast handoff by several orders of magnitude.
Primary structure of porcine pepsin. III. Amino acid sequence of a cyanogen bromide fragment, CB2A, and the complete structure of porcine pepsin. (1975)

The complete amino acid sequence of porcine pepsin (EC 3.4.4.1) was constructed from the sequence of five cyanogen bromide fragments. The sequence of one of these fragments, CB2A, is reported here. The sequences of 4 other fragments are known from previous work. Porcine pepsin contains 327 residues with three structural variants. The active center aspartyl residue, which reacts with 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)propane (Chen, K. C. S., and Tang, J. (1972) J. Biol. Chem. 247, 2566-2574), is located at residue 32. Another active site aspartyl residue, which reacts with diazo inactivators (Bayliss, R. S., Knowles, J. B., and Wybrandt, G. B. (1969) Biochem. J. 113, 377-386, IS LOCATED AT RESIDUE 215. The sequences around these 2 aspartyl residues are apparently homologous to each other. The sequences around the tryptophanyl residues at positions 39, 141, 181, and 300 are also homologous to one another. These homologous sequences could be genetic in origin. Fragment CB2A which contains 119 residues was constructed from the peptide sequences resulting from six proteolytic digestions and chemical cleavage at tryptophanyl bonds.
Amidoxime, II Redox‐Aromatisierung des 2‐Oximino‐1.2.3.4‐tetrahydro‐chinoxalins und seiner Acylderivate (1972)

Abstract Aus 2‐Oximino‐1.2.3.4‐tetrahydro‐chinoxalin ( 1 ) entsteht in siedendem Acetanhydrid 2‐Acetamino‐chinoxalin ( 6 ). Diese eigenartige Aromatisierung vollzieht sich aus dem N 4 . O ‐Diacetylderivat 2a als Zwischenstufe durch eine synchrone Abspaltung der N 4 ‐Acetyl‐ und der Oxim‐Acetoxygruppe als Acetanhydrid. 1 und 3 liefern mit Palladiumkohle in Lösung 2‐Amino‐chinoxalin ( 7 ). 3 gibt rein thermolytisch fast quantitativ 7 ; der Prozeß ist der über Azomethin‐nitrene führenden Umwandlung N 4 ‐substituierter 1.2.4‐Oxadiazolone‐(5) in Amidine analog und wurde jetzt erstmals an kondensierten 1.2.4‐Oxadiazolen beobachtet.
Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase of<i>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis</i>Is a Cell Surface Protein Involved in Fungal Adhesion to Extracellular Matrix Proteins and Interaction with Cells (2005)

The pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis causes paracoccidioidomycosis, a pulmonary mycosis acquired by inhalation of fungal airborne propagules, which may disseminate to several organs and tissues, leading to a severe form of the disease. Adhesion to and invasion of host cells are essential steps involved in the infection and dissemination of pathogens. Furthermore, pathogens use their surface molecules to bind to host extracellular matrix components to establish infection. Here, we report the characterization of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) of P. brasiliensis as an adhesin, which can be related to fungus adhesion and invasion. The P. brasiliensis GAPDH was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and polyclonal antibody against this protein was obtained. By immunoelectron microscopy and Western blot analysis, GAPDH was detected in the cytoplasm and the cell wall of the yeast phase of P. brasiliensis. The recombinant GAPDH was found to bind to fibronectin, laminin, and type I collagen in ligand far-Western blot assays. Of special note, the treatment of P. brasiliensis yeast cells with anti-GAPDH polyclonal antibody and the incubation of pneumocytes with the recombinant protein promoted inhibition of adherence and internalization of P. brasiliensis to those in vitro-cultured cells. These observations indicate that the cell wall-associated form of the GAPDH in P. brasiliensis could be involved in mediating binding of fungal cells to fibronectin, type I collagen, and laminin, thus contributing to the adhesion of the microorganism to host tissues and to the dissemination of infection.
Glycogen synthase and phosphofructokinase protein and mRNA levels in skeletal muscle from insulin-resistant patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. (1993)

In patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and matched control subjects we examined the interrelationships between in vivo nonoxidative glucose metabolism and glucose oxidation and the muscle activities, as well as the immunoreactive protein and mRNA levels of the rate-limiting enzymes in glycogen synthesis and glycolysis, glycogen synthase (GS) and phosphofructokinase (PFK), respectively. Analysis of biopsies of quadriceps muscle from 19 NIDDM patients and 19 control subjects showed in the basal state a 30% decrease (P < 0.005) in total GS activity and a 38% decrease (P < 0.001) in GS mRNA/microgram DNA in NIDDM patients, whereas the GS protein level was normal. The enzymatic activity and protein and mRNA levels of PFK were all normal in diabetic patients. In subgroups of NIDDM patients and control subjects an insulin-glucose clamp in combination with indirect calorimetry was performed. The rate of insulin-stimulated nonoxidative glucose metabolism was decreased by 47% (P < 0.005) in NIDDM patients, whereas the glucose oxidation rate was normal. The PFK activity, protein level, and mRNA/microgram DNA remained unchanged. The relative activation of GS by glucose-6-phosphate was 33% lower (P < 0.02), whereas GS mRNA/micrograms DNA was 37% lower (P < 0.05) in the diabetic patients after 4 h of hyperinsulinemia. Total GS immunoreactive mass remained normal. In conclusion, qualitative but not quantitative posttranslational abnormalities of the GS protein in muscle determine the reduced insulin-stimulated nonoxidative glucose metabolism in NIDDM.
Mobile police service in mobile government (2011)

Mobile government is a subset of electronic government and has produced significant changes in the field of information and communication technology (ICT). Increased development and improvement of portable wireless devices especially cell phone and PDAs has provided the possibility that governments offer some helpful and efficient mobile services for citizens via these devices. Citizens will be able to access offered services everywhere and every time. In this paper we review mobile government and mobile services and then we will present one new mobile service named mobile police (M-Police). Proposed service can be used by citizens and police officers. In this paper the architecture of this service and its challenges is discussed.
Atm switching in the developing telecommunication networks (2005)

This paper presents the evolution of ISDN to broadband ISDN and the role ATM plays in the evolution of networks. Emphasis is put on near-term architectures for broadband networks and switches ATM switching fabrics and several design options for switching elements are considered in detail. Some ATM Dials in Europe, including broadband applications, are described briefly.
The Framework for Investigating Direct Manufacturing Investment Overseas (1969)

F. Michael Adler, The Framework for Investigating Direct Manufacturing Investment Overseas, Law and Contemporary Problems, Vol. 34, No. 1, Transatlantic Investment and the Balance of Payments (Winter, 1969), pp. 3-17
SOME DERIVATIVES OF 4-<i>t</i>-BUTYLCYCLOHEXYL AND 1-MENTHOL-PHOSPHOROCHLORIDATES (1978)

Abstract cis and trans-4-t-Butylcyclohexanol and 1-menthol have been converted to the phosphorodichloridates with phosphorus oxychloride. Similar reaction with thiophosphoryl chloride afforded the phosphorodichloridothioates. By using 2 mol equivs. of 4-t-butylcyclohexanol, analogous condensations gave the corresponding phosphochloridates and chloridothioates, but with 1-menthol the reaction was unsuccessful. The various chloridates were characterized by preparation of a wide range of derivatives, e.g. amidates, azides, hydrazides, and hydrazones. These compounds are of interest as potential pesticides and their spectral features are discussed.