gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Urban exploration using audio scents (2012)

We describe the design and evaluation of an audio-based mixed reality navigation system that uses the concept of audio scents for the implicit guidance of tourists and visitors of urban areas, as an alternative to turn-by-turn guidance systems. A field trial of our prototype uncovers great potential for this type of implicit navigation and is received positively by our participants. We discuss the technical implementation of our prototype, detailed findings from quantitative and subjective evaluation data gathered during the field trial and highlight possible strands for further research and development.
Antigenic Analysis of Three Strains of Mycoplasma Arginini by Two-Dimensional Immunoelectrophoresis (1975)

The occurrence of species-specific and strain-specific antigens in three strains of Mycoplasma arginini (G-230, leonis and 23243) was studied by two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. Approximately 20 antigenic components could be detected in each strain. It was possible to analyze 6 to 7 major and distinct components from each strain by two techniques: "enhancement" where antigen to an additional strain is added to the first phase of the electrophoresis which increases the size of common peaks and "suppression" where antiserum to an additional strain is incorporated in the second phase whereby peak size of components to which both sera have antibody are decreased. A total of 10 distinct antigens were recognized. Electrophoretic mobilities relative to bovine albumin ranged from 0.2 to 1.08. Three components were common to all strains; two of these represented major amounts of material. Four components represented strain-specific components. Unique fast components were found both in strains 23243 and G-230. Three antigens were distributed into only two of the three strains. The electrophoretic mobilities of some common antigens were quite different between strains.
Flame Propagation into the Ring Crevice of a Spark Ignition Engine (1986)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Unreacted fuel in ring crevice volumes is a significant source of hydrocarbon emissions from spark ignition engines. If the ring crevice is designed with a wider clearance into which the flame will propagate, the unreacted fuel can be reduced. In this paper, the conditions of flame propagation into the ring crevice are investigated by using ionization probes imbedded in the moving piston of a four-stroke spark ignition engine. It is found that the flame propagates into the ring crevice if the quenching distance when the flame reaches the crevice is narrower than the piston top land clearance.</div>
Preclinical evaluation of targeted cytotoxic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue AN-152 in androgen-sensitive and insensitive prostate cancers. (2003)

Our findings suggest that cytotoxic analogue AN-152 could be considered for therapeutic trials in patients with advanced prostate carcinoma.
Nuns in the Large Women’s Monasteries (2002)

Abstract Monasteries in early medieval Ireland resembled nothing so much as slightly miniaturised villages. By the 7th century, there were many places resembling this general description, so successful had Christian evangelism been. A handful were women's monasteries, and one at least was a double house. Though the sources on large female monasteries are patchy, a good deal can be gleaned: the rules, daily activities, ministry to the laity, as well as attitudes on nuns' chastity. This chapter looks at nuns in large women's monasteries in Kildare, Killeedy, Killevy, and Clonbroney. Ceremonials in large Irish nunneries are also discussed, along with claustration, and the openness of nunneries in the 7th to 9th centuries.
321. The selective absorption of optical antipodes by proteins. Part III (1956)

W. Bradley and R. A. Brindley, J. Chem. Soc., 1956, 1622 DOI: 10.1039/JR9560001622
Interface properties of CIGS(s)/buffer layers formed by the Cd-partial electrolyte process (2003)

A chemical-bath treatment that does not form a CdS layer has been used on CIGS absorbers made at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The resultant cells have moderate to high efficiency, with improved current collection at shorter wavelengths. Room temperature quantum efficiency (QE) and capacitance-voltage (CV) results indicate that the different surface treatments yield electro-optical differences in the bulk of the absorber. Room temperature current density-voltage (JV) and AMPS modeling results are used to compare and contrast the results of the surface treatments, primarily from the NREL devices.
Evaluation of a centrifugal blood cell processor for washing platelet concentrates (1988)

A semiautomated saline wash procedure using a blood cell processor was evaluated as a technique for removing plasma from platelet concentrates. In vitro studies demonstrated 92 to 99.6 percent (mean, 96%) removal of total plasma protein (n = 30) with 84 to 97 percent (mean, 90.8%) platelet recovery (n = 28) in post-wash units. Post-wash pH values changed by +0.2 to -0.86 (mean, -0.47) (n = 30); the level of recovery from hypotonic shock was 69 to 97 percent (mean, 86%) (n = 11) of pre-wash units; weighted morphology scores decreased from a mean of 248 to 223 (n = 9). Aggregation response to arachidonic acid, collagen, and adenosine diphosphate plus epinephrine showed essentially no change following the wash procedure, and electron microscopy demonstrated slight morphologic alteration. Autologous platelets labeled with indium-111 demonstrated 43 +/- 20 percent recovery (n = 11) for washed units, compared to 41 +/- 10 percent for control unwashed units (n = 5); mean survivals were 140 +/- 41 hours (n = 11) for washed platelets and 185 +/- 28 hours for unwashed units (n = 5). Thirteen alloimmunized patients receiving 55 washed platelet concentrates demonstrated a mean 1- to 4-hour corrected count increment of 3.99 X 10(3) per microliter, compared to 3.02 X 10(3) per microliter for 77 unwashed platelet units given to the same patients. This study documents that platelet concentrates maintain viability and efficacy following a semiautomated saline wash method using the Cobe 2991 Blood Cell Processor, a technique that may be helpful for patients who require plasma-depleted platelet transfusions.
AN EVALUATION OF STEAM-TREATED ASPEN AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR CORN SILAGE IN THE RATIONS OF LACTATING COWS (1980)

Fifteen lactating Holsteins were used to test processed aspen added to corn silage at the levels of 0, 10 and 20% (dry matter basis). The experiment was designed as a latin square with three experimental periods each 42 days in length. The forage mixtures were fed free choice to the cows, which were housed in a free-stall barn, and their individual feed intakes were recorded by using electronic doors. The processed aspen contained 45.4% dry matter, 73.7% acid detergent fiber and 0.54% protein. There was no evidence of heating or mold growth in the aspen during the 5 mo of the trial. Silage dry matter intake and milk yield were 11.8, 13.4 and 13.4 and 25.7, 27.0 and 26.8 kg per day, respectively, for the silage mixtures containing 0, 10 and 20% processed aspen. Fat test was decreased slightly and milk protein content significantly (P < 0.05) depressed by the addition of 20% processed aspen chips to the corn silage. Efficiency of milk yield was not significantly influenced (P > 0.05) by the inclusion of aspen chips in the silage. Neither the molar proportion of acetic acid nor the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid in the rumen fluid was changed when the cows were fed silage containing processed aspen chips. The apparent digestibilities of total ration dry matter and protein were lowered significantly by the addition of 10% aspen chips to the forage mixture. It was concluded from the results of this trial that steam-processed aspen chips had little nutritive value when fed to lactating cows as a partial substitute for corn silage.
Rosiglitazone taken once daily provides effective glycaemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (2000)

Rosiglitazone improves glycaemic control when given once daily to treat Type 2 diabetes mellitus and is well tolerated at doses up to and including 12 mg.
Indiens et jésuites au Paraguay. Rencontre de deux messianismes (1969)

Haubert Maxime. Indiens et jésuites au Paraguay. Rencontre de deux messianismes. In: Archives de sociologie des religions, n°27, 1969. pp. 119-134.
Generating indoor maps by crowdsourcing positioning data from smartphones (2014)

Indoor maps are highly essential for indoor positioning and location-based services. Applications providing navigation support to users are rendered useless without a map of the vicinity being available. Presently, floorplans of public locations are collected and maintained by designated organizations using methods that require excessive manual intervention. This process of creating a database of indoor maps is neither efficient nor scalable to the practically infinite number of public indoor places around the world. In this paper, we present a crowdsourcing algorithm to automatically create floorplans of buildings with zero prior information. The algorithm leverages the positioning data shared by pedestrians using smartphone-based navigation systems in the building. It expects only position fixes and associated uncertainties from the navigation systems and does not depend on any particular navigation algorithm. The available positioning data in a completely unknown building is essentially PDR-based and is known to be prone to high amounts of accumulated error primarily due to the lack of reliable error resetting techniques. The presented algorithm takes into account the possibility of such highly erroneous motion traces of pedestrians while trying to generate map as accurately as possible. As an added merit, the algorithm does not depend on the availability of Wi-Fi access points.
Straightforward detection of SNPs in double-stranded DNA by using exonuclease III/nuclease S1/PNA system (2004)

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) have been straightforwardly genotyped by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Peptide nucleic acid (PNA), a DNA analog, was used as a probe molecule. In its presence, genomic dsDNA was first treated with exonuclease III and then with nuclease S1. By these one-pot reactions, single-stranded DNA fragments including the SNP sites were formed in situ. These fragments were directly analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS, and the identity of the DNA base at the SNP site was determined in terms of mass number. By using two or more PNA probes simultaneously, multiplex analysis was also successful. Various genotypes of apolipoprotein E gene (epsilon2/epsilon2, epsilon3/epsilon3, epsilon4/epsilon4, epsilon2/epsilon3 and epsilon3/epsilon4) were identified from dsDNA obtained by PCR from corresponding patients.
Pulsed ultrasound-modulated light tomography (2003)

Ultrasound-modulated light tomography is a new technique that combines laser light and ultrasound to provide a representation of the light density inside turbid media. We present a method that can produce two- or three-dimensional light density representations with standard ultrasonic pulses. This technique should allow simple, direct fusion of ultrasonic images with optical tomography.
Index Of Passages (2007)

This index section presents list of passages from Old Testament, Old Testament Apocrypha, Dead Sea Scrolls and also New Testament that occur in this book Convinced that God had Called Us. Dream and vision scenes figure prominently in Luke-Acts. Following a discussion of methodology, historical background, and critical scholarship, this study provides a comprehensive examination of the dreams and visions in the Lukan narrative. Special attention is given to those scenes that feature significant interpretation by characters in the story (e.g., Zechariah and Mary [Luke 1-2], Saul’s/Paul’s conversion [Acts 9, 22, and 26], the Cornelius-Peter episode [Acts 10:1-11:18], and Paul’s dream at Troas [Acts 16:9-10]).Keywords: Dead Sea Scrolls; New Testament; Paul
Revisiting the Medical Management of Parkinson's Disease: Levodopa versus Dopamine Agonist (2016)

The optimal treatment strategy for Parkinson's disease has been debated for decades. The introduction of levodopa (LD) treatment is frequently delayed because of theoretical concerns about its toxicity or the risk of drug-induced motor complications. These concerns have resulted in "LD phobia" with clinicians selecting dopamine agonist (DA) over LD as initial therapy. More recently, a shift in the treatment approach towards initial LD use appears to be occurring. It is therefore necessary to review current evidence for the use of LD and DA. This review discusses the medical management of Parkinson's disease with regards to the use of LD versus DA. Pendulum swings in treatment strategies between LD-first and DA-first therapies should be avoided. A balanced perspective is needed as there is a place for both drugs in the management of PD.
Breast Reconstruction with Expanders and Implants: A Numerical Analysis (2004)

In the last few decades, breast reconstruction has evolved significantly due to improvement in surgical techniques and development of new materials. Although most authors consider that breast reconstruction using autologous tissue offers the best aesthetic results, excellent outcomes have been obtained employing silicone implants. However there is a lack of good understanding of the implications of using each type of adjustable implant on tissue dynamics and the influence on final breast shape. The aim of this research is to analyze the stresses and strains that occur in skin immediately after breast reconstruction. This simulation is performed using the finite element package ABAQUS/Explicit.
Immunochemical Comparisons of Seed Proteins from Populations of Pinus radiata (Pinaceae) (1981)

Antisera were prepared to seed proteins from five populations of Pinus radiata and to seed proteins from six other pine species. Differences between the P. radiata populations detected with these antisera were compared to differences in sizes of cones from the same populations. The strong correlation between antigenic differences and cone size differences provides evidence that in P. radiata, both seed proteins and cone size indicate quantitative genetic relationships among the populations. The data suggest that the three California mainland populations of P. radiata are more closely related to one another than to the insular populations, and that the insular populations are more closely related to each other than to the California populations, to P. attenuata, or to P. muricata.
Thermal Image-based Monitoring for the Automated Fiber Placement Process (2017)

Due to increasing consumption of fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) especially in aerospace applications also production processes such as Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) gain in importance. However, manual visual inspection in the AFP quality assurance is time consuming and insufficient, not least through the low contrast of CFRP materials. The presented process monitoring for AFP bases on occurring temperature differences during the lay-up process. Therefore, a newly developed monitoring system containing an infrared camera integrated in the Fiber Placement head is presented. Its algorithm can localize tows as well as certain temperature anomalies. Combined with the process knowledge provided by the path planning defects can be detected online.
Characterization of the antigenic, immunogenic, and pathogenic variation of infectious bursal disease virus due to propagation in different host systems (bursa, embryo, and cell culture). I. Antigenicity and immunogenicity (2002)

Differences in the relative pathogenicity of variant (1084 E and GLS) and standard (Edgar and STC) infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) strains were observed after propagation in the bursa of Fabricius, embryos, or cell cultures. Bursa-derived IBDV induced the most severe lesions in the bursa of Fabricius when compared with strains propagated in embryos or cell cultures. Embryo-derived IBDV induced moderate gross bursal lesions, whereas cell culture-derived IBDV did not damage the bursa grossly. A high frequency of virus re-isolations was obtained from bursal, spleen, and thymic samples collected from birds inoculated with bursa-derived or embryo-derived IBDV. Virus re-isolation occurred much less frequently from birds inoculated with cell culture-adapted IBDV. Serological evaluations demonstrated that bursa-derived IBDV strains induced a higher neutralizing antibody response than did embryo-derived or cell culture-derived strains. These results document that the relative pathogenicity and immunogenicity of IBDV is reduced following propagation in embryos or cell cultures.
Spin waves propagation and confinement in conducting films at the micrometer scale (2001)

The propagating spin wave spectroscopy (PSWS) technique is applied for the first time to metallic thin film patterns, allowing to measure their magnetostatic wave modes. Using micrometer scale local excitation and detection, we show that magnetostatic surface waves propagate on a distance as long as 40 μm in a continuous permalloy film. In micrometer wide permalloy stripes, we observe both quantized spin wave modes and quasi-saturation modes, well explained by existing models. In addition, low-frequency additional modes were observed which, we suggest, are generated in the magnetically inhomogeneous edge regions.
HIV-1 Protease and Substrate Coevolution Validates the Substrate Envelope As the Substrate Recognition Pattern (2012)

Drug resistance of HIV-1 protease alters the balance in the molecular recognition events in favor of substrate processing versus inhibitor binding. To develop robust inhibitors targeting ensembles of drug-resistant variants, the code of this balance needs to be cracked. For this purpose, the principles governing the substrate recognition are required to be revealed. Previous crystallographic studies on the WT protease-substrate complexes showed that the substrates have a conserved consensus volume in the protease active site despite their low sequence homology. This consensus volume is termed as the substrate envelope. The substrate envelope was recently reevaluated by taking the substrate dynamics into account, and the dynamic substrate envelope was reported to better define the substrate specificity for HIV-1 protease. Drug resistance occurs mostly through mutations in the protease, occasionally accompanied by cleavage site mutations. In this study, three coevolved protease-substrate complexes (<sup>AP2V</sup>NC-p1<sub>V82A</sub>, <sup>LP1'F</sup>p1-p6<sub>D30N/N88D</sub>, and <sup>SP3'N</sup>p1-p6<sub>D30N/N88D</sub>) were investigated for structural and dynamic properties by molecular modeling and dynamics simulations. The results show the substrate envelope is preserved by these cleavage site mutations in the presence of drug-resistance mutations in the protease, if not enhanced. This study on the conformational and mutational ensembles of protease-substrate complexes validates the substrate envelope as the substrate recognition motif for HIV-1 protease. The substrate envelope hypothesis allows for the elucidation of possible drug resistance mutation patterns in the polyprotein cleavage sites.
Design of Microwave Beam-Switching Networks. (1983)

Abstract : An investigation of RF beam-switching networks for creating, with a multiple-beam antenna (MBA), a set of electronically steerable antenna beams, shows that there are three main classes of network. Taking the case of a 61-beam MBA with 8 simultaneously steered beams as an example, we can describe these classes as (a) networks which can connect any one of the 8 output ports to any one of the 61 beam feeds, (b) networks which can connect the 8 output ports to any set of 8 beam feeds selected from the 61, but with a constraint imposed on the order in which the 8 ports are connected to the 8 selected feeds, and c) networks in which the set of 8 beam feeds cannot be selected arbitrarily - some fraction of the total number of conceivable interconnections cannot be completed. Networks exist in each of the three classes having very similar traffic handling performance and yet requiring a total number of switches which is very different from one class to the next. Their number is 907, 387, and 175 for the unconstrained, order-constrained and selection-constrained networks, respectively, needed to do the 61-to-8 switching job described above. The report examines the design, performance and complexity of such networks for general N and M. Included are two further measures of complexity, as well as the switching algorithm and the effect of non-uniform traffic. The results are presented as graphs, tables and formulas. (Author)
Chromatic confocal microscopy with microlenses (1996)

Abstract The main feature of the well-known technique of confocal scanning microscopy is that of optical sectioning. This capability allows threedimensional reconstruction of the topometry of technical surfaces, built up from a series of hundreds of depth discriminated height sections. Based on this fundamental principle, several confocal microscopes have been realized with high axial and lateral resolutions. For a drastically enlarged field and a significant reduction in measuring time, a chromatic confocal method using microlenses has been developed. When measuring an object the topography can be determined by 4 chromatic coded images and, in contrast to conventional techniques, there is no need for mechanical height stepping in the axial direction. For this reason real-time measuring has become possible. First results with this set-up are presented.
Sites of rhinovirus recovery after point inoculation of the upper airway (1986)

Spread of rhinovirus infection in the nose was studied after point inoculation of 25 μL of rhinovirus suspension either under the right inferior turbinate via the test duct (26 volunteers) or onto the posterior nasopharyngeal wall (through the mouth under direct vision) (six volunteers). Epithelial brush samples obtained daily from the anterior and posterior portions of the inferior turbinate in both nasal cavities and the nasopharynx were cultured for rhinovirus. Point inoculation of rhinovirus produced a high infection rate, but the entire nasal lining was not infected at the time of peak symptoms. Virus was usually first detected at the nasopharyngeal site, with subsequent spread of infection anteriorly to one or both inferior turbinates. Spread to the left turbinate was not detected in seven of 17 volunteers during the first five days after right eye inoculation. Virus recovery from the mucosa declined by day 16 and ceased by day 21. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:1763-1767)
A Generalized Description of the Elastic Properties of Nanowires (2006)

We report a model of nanowire (NW) mechanics that describes force vs displacement curves over the entire elastic range for diverse wire systems. Due to the clamped-wire measurement configuration, the force response in the linear elastic regime can be linear or nonlinear, depending on the system and the wire displacement. For Au NWs the response is essentially linear since yielding occurs prior to the onset of the inherent nonlinearity, while for Si NWs the force response is highly nonlinear, followed by brittle fracture. Since the method describes the entire range of elastic deformation, it unequivocally identifies the yield points in both of these materials.