gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A reference architecture for multi-author World-Wide Web servers (1995)

Designing publicly accessible and distributed information structures and coordinating distributed authors is a major challenge for most organizations. This paper presents a scaleable reference architecture for multi-author World-Wide Web (W3) servers, one important type of a distributed and publicly accessible information system. We introduce the paradigm of “lean production of information” and discuss some problems of data quality regarding W3-servers. Experiences made with a departmental W3-server designed and maintained according to the principles presented are appended as a case study.
Rapid low dose electron tomography using a direct electron detection camera (2015)

We demonstrate the ability to record a tomographic tilt series containing 3487 images in only 3.5 s by using a direct electron detector in a transmission electron microscope. The electron dose is lower by at least one order of magnitude when compared with that used to record a conventional tilt series of fewer than 100 images in 15-60 minutes and the overall signal-to-noise ratio is greater than 4. Our results, which are illustrated for an inorganic nanotube, are important for ultra-low-dose electron tomography of electron-beam-sensitive specimens and real-time dynamic electron tomography of nanoscale objects with sub-ms temporal resolution.
Tuned Vibration Based Gear Checker for Gear Profile Anomaly Detection (2006)

Significant cost and quality metrics can be realized through the no-faults-forwards approach. This philosophy has put emphasis on early detection of defects through innovative signature analysis techniques within Powertrain Operations production lines. This paper captures the unique approach adopted on gear machining line for functionality testing of individual gears and detection of subtle gear profile anomalies leading to Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) issues in fully assembled transmissions and vehicles. Gears are tested in a Vibration Based Gear Checker (VGC) in single flank engagement and operating under a torque load. The short cycle time enables feasibility for high volume measurements. The structure of Gear Checker is tuned for optimum gear profile anomaly detection**. The tuning is accomplished by structural modifications such that the Gear Checker structural natural frequencies and modes are shifted to enable a high level of excitation at harmonics of Gear Mesh Frequency (GMF) during operation. Impact testing was deployed to guide the structural adjustments for tuning. Gear checker vibration signatures for smooth and defective gears are provided; capability for detection of defective gears is demonstrated. The Gear checker frequency band vibration levels exhibit excellent correlation with the dimensional gear profile measurements by Analytical Gear Checker Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM’s).
CHOLINESTERASES (1953)

Journal Article CHOLINESTERASES Get access R. H. S. THOMPSON, M.A. D.M. R. H. S. THOMPSON, M.A. D.M. Department of Chemical Pathology, Guy's Hospital Medical SchoolLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar British Medical Bulletin, Volume 9, Issue 2, 1953, Pages 138–141, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a074330 Published: 01 May 1953
Reduction of Schiff Bases. II. Benzhydrylamines and Structurally Related Compounds<sup>1a,b</sup> (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of Schiff Bases. II. Benzhydrylamines and Structurally Related Compounds1a,bJOHN H. BILLMAN and KWANG M. TAICite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 4, 535–539Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01098a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01098a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1812Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electrical source emulation using modular multilevel converter (2014)

Source emulation is a power level hardware-in-the-loop simulation of different electrical sources. In this method, the mathematical model for an electrical source is solved in real time, and power electronic converter is used to emulate the source characteristics. Source emulation helps in performing the realistic evaluation of different active front-end power electronic converters and grid connected power electronic converters for renewable energy generation systems. Thus, it ensures increased reliability and quality and more efficient development of systems, with reduced testing cost and risk. This paper discusses a source emulator using one of the multilevel converters called modular multilevel converter (MMC). MMC has a modular arm structure with cascade connection of multiple bidirectional chopper cells with floating capacitors. The control and modulation of MMC should be selected such that the sub-module capacitor voltages are equal and independent of load conditions. In the source emulator, an over-current limiting control by virtual resistance principle is implemented to avoid the test equipment damage. The simulation results for the source emulator acting as a grid emulator producing different conditions such as voltage dips, unbalanced voltages, over voltages, frequency changes and harmonic disturbances are presented. The emulation of a synchronous generator is also discussed with simulation results.
Abstract 811: VAL083, a novel N7 alkylating agent, surpasses temozolomide activity and inhibits cancer stem cells providing a new potential treatment option for glioblastoma multiforme (2012)

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) remains one of the most difficult tumors to treat in part because many new agents fail to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) and secondly due to intrinsic drug resistance. Temozolomide (TMZ) is a front-line therapy for the treatment of GBM, however, it is often ineffective due to drug inactivation by O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Cancer stem cells (CSC) are a subpopulation of the tumor that resist therapy and give rise to relapse. Here we described VAL083 a novel alkylating agent that creates N7 methylation on DNA, which was initially intriguing because it crosses the BBB. We addressed how it compared to TMZ, whether it could be used to overcome MGMT-driven drug resistance and if it has activity against CSCs. Addressing these questions provides further preclinical support for VAL083, which is currently undergoing human clinical trials in the USA against refractory GBM. VAL083 inhibited U251 and SF188 cell growth in monolayer and as neurospheres better then TMZ and caused apoptosis after 72 hrs. In a 10-day colony formation assay, VAL083 (5uM) suppressed SF188 growth by ∼95%. T98G cells are classically TMZ resistant and express MGMT yet VAL083 inhibited their growth in monolayer after 72 hrs in a dose-dependent manner (IC50&lt;5 uM). VAL083 also inhibited the growth of CSCs by 100% in neurosphere growth assays. In summary, VAL083 has better in vitro efficacy than TMZ against brain tumor cells, can overcome resistance associated with MGMT, and targets brain tumor CSCs demonstrating that it has the potential to surpass the standard-of-care. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 811. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-811
Urinary outcomes in older adults: research and clinical perspectives. (1997)

There is a need for continued collaboration between clinicians and researchers to further improve urinary continence outcomes. This article presents the perspectives of four nurses who conduct continence research or who have independent continence services practices. Each discusses continence outcomes used in long-term care facilities or the community as a researcher or clinician and suggests implications for future nursing development.
Transmitter diversity verification on ARTEMIS geostationary satellite (2014)

Optical feeder links will become the extension of the terrestrial fiber communications towards space, increasing data throughput in satellite communications by overcoming the spectrum limitations of classical RF-links. The geostationary telecommunication satellite Alphasat and the satellites forming the EDRS-system will become the next generation for high-speed data-relay services. The ESA satellite ARTEMIS, precursor for geostationary orbit (GEO) optical terminals, is still a privileged experiment platform to characterize the turbulent channel and investigate the challenges of free-space optical communication to GEO. In this framework, two measurement campaigns were conducted with the scope of verifying the benefits of transmitter diversity in the uplink. To evaluate this mitigation technique, intensity measurements were carried out at both ends of the link. The scintillation parameter is calculated and compared to theory and, additionally, the Fried Parameter is estimated by using a focus camera to monitor the turbulence strength.
Record breaking high-apparent temperature capability of LCoS-based infrared scene projectors (2010)

A newly fabricated Infrared Scene Projector (IRSP) configured for the Long Wave IR (LWIR) regime has demonstrated simulated apparent temperatures exceeding 1500 oC, more than doubling the maximum temperature capability of prior pixilated scene projector devices. Since the entire array surface is capable of this high temperature output, the same device can be used to generate both the moderate temperature scene background and an unlimited number of high temperature targets in the scene, without having to optically combine a few discrete "hot spot" generators. This performance was enabled by advances in a new large pixel, high voltage, 16-bit backplane Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) coupled with an intense spectral illumination source, and special formulation liquid crystal (LC). The new LC formulation and SLM configuration also achieves an effective usable frame rate of up to 200Hz capability. Performance characterization and resulting data will be discussed in the paper.
Microwave soft tissue ablation (Invited Paper) (2005)

Microsulis, in conjunction with the University of Bath have developed a set of novel microwave applicators for the ablation of soft tissues. These interstitial applicators have been designed for use in open surgical, laparoscopic and percutaneous settings and range in diameter from 2.4 to 7 mm. A 20 mm diameter flat faced interface applicator was developed as an adjunct to the open surgical interstitial applicator and has been applied to the treatment of surface breaking lesions in hepatobiliary surgery. Taken as a complete tool set the applicators are capable of treating a wide range of conditions in a safe and efficacious manner. The modality employs a radiated electromagnetic field at the allocated medical frequency of 2.45 GHz and powers between 30 and 150 Watts. Computer simulations, bench testing, safety and efficacy testing, ex-vivo and in-vivo work plus clinical trials have demonstrated that these systems are capable of generating large volumes of ablation in short times with favourable ablation geometries. Clinical studies have shown very low complication rates with minimal local recurrence. It is considered that this modality offers major advantages over currently marketed products. The technique is considered to be particularly safe as it is quick and there is no passage of current obviating the requirement for grounding pads. Since the microwave field operates primarily on water and all soft tissues with the exception of fat are made up of approximately 70% water the heating pattern is highly predictable making repeatability a key factor for this modality.
Overexpression of cdk4 and cyclinD1 triggers greater expansion of neural stem cells in the adult mouse brain (2011)

Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult mammalian brain generate neurons and glia throughout life. However, the physiological role of adult neurogenesis and the use of NSCs for therapy are highly controversial. One factor hampering the study and manipulation of neurogenesis is that NSCs, like most adult somatic stem cells, are difficult to expand and their switch to differentiation is hard to control. In this study, we show that acute overexpression of the cdk4 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4)-cyclinD1 complex in the adult mouse hippocampus cell-autonomously increases the expansion of neural stem and progenitor cells while inhibiting neurogenesis. Importantly, we developed a system that allows the temporal control of cdk4-cyclinD1 overexpression, which can be used to increase the number of neurons generated from the pool of manipulated precursor cells. Beside providing a proof of principle that expansion versus differentiation of somatic stem cells can be controlled in vivo, our study describes, to the best of our knowledge, the first acute and inducible temporal control of neurogenesis in the mammalian brain, which may be critical for identifying the role of adult neurogenesis, using NSCs for therapy, and, perhaps, extending our findings to other adult somatic stem cells.
High speed electro optic polymer micro-ring resonator (2004)

An electro-optic polymer micro-ring resonator for high speed modulation was designed, realized and characterized. The design of layer-stack and electrodes was done such that modulation frequencies up till 1 GHz should be possible. The device consists of a ridge waveguide, defined in a negative photoresist (SU8), with a poled electro-optic polymeric (PMMA-DR1) ring-resonator vertically coupled to it. The complete layer-stack is sandwiched between electrodes to apply an electric field over the ring-resonator in order to shift its resonance wavelength. Electro optic modulation was measured up to 50 MHz limited by weak modulation depth. Optimizing the poling-process will increase the modulation efficiency thereby making modulation frequencies of 1 GHz measurable.
Function of DcuS from Escherichia coli as a Fumarate-stimulated Histidine Protein Kinase in Vitro (2002)

The two-component regulatory system DcuSR of Escherichia coli controls the expression of genes of C(4)-dicarboxylate metabolism in response to extracellular C(4)- dicarboxylates such as fumarate or succinate. DcuS is a membrane-integral sensor kinase, and the sensory and kinase domains are located on opposite sides of the cytoplasmic membrane. The intact DcuS protein (His(6)-DcuS) was overproduced and isolated in detergent containing buffer. His(6)-DcuS was reconstituted into liposomes made from E. coli phospholipids. Reconstituted His(6)-DcuS catalyzed, in contrast to the detergent-solubilized sensor, autophosphorylation by [gamma-(33)P]ATP with an approximate K(D) of 0.16 mm for ATP. Up to 7% of the reconstituted DcuS was phosphorylated. Phosphorylation was stimulated up to 5.9-fold by C(4)-dicarboxylates, but not by other carboxylates. The phosphoryl group of DcuS was rapidly transferred to the response regulator DcuR. Upon phosphorylation, DcuR bound specifically to dcuB promoter DNA. The reconstituted DcuSR system therefore represents a defined in vitro system, which is capable of the complete transmembrane signal transduction by the DcuSR two-component system from the stimulus (fumarate) to the DNA, including signal transfer across the phospholipid membrane.
<i>Drosophila</i> EB1 is important for proper assembly, dynamics, and positioning of the mitotic spindle (2002)

EB1 is an evolutionarily conserved protein that localizes to the plus ends of growing microtubules. In yeast, the EB1 homologue (BIM1) has been shown to modulate microtubule dynamics and link microtubules to the cortex, but the functions of metazoan EB1 proteins remain unknown. Using a novel preparation of the Drosophila S2 cell line that promotes cell attachment and spreading, we visualized dynamics of single microtubules in real time and found that depletion of EB1 by RNA-mediated inhibition (RNAi) in interphase cells causes a dramatic increase in nondynamic microtubules (neither growing nor shrinking), but does not alter overall microtubule organization. In contrast, several defects in microtubule organization are observed in RNAi-treated mitotic cells, including a drastic reduction in astral microtubules, malformed mitotic spindles, defocused spindle poles, and mispositioning of spindles away from the cell center. Similar phenotypes were observed in mitotic spindles of Drosophila embryos that were microinjected with anti-EB1 antibodies. In addition, live cell imaging of mitosis in Drosophila embryos reveals defective spindle elongation and chromosomal segregation during anaphase after antibody injection. Our results reveal crucial roles for EB1 in mitosis, which we postulate involves its ability to promote the growth and interactions of microtubules within the central spindle and at the cell cortex.
ChemInform Abstract: From the Laboratory to the Clinic: A Retrospective on Fully Synthetic Carbohydrate‐Based Anticancer Vaccines (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Affinity Credit Cards: Card Issuer Strategies and Affinity Group Aspirations (1992)

Examines the history and economics of the credit card before describing the origins of the affinity card concept both in the USA and the UK. Explores different strategies of some major UK affinity card issuers and the aspirations of the affinity groups with whom a mutually beneficial relationship is sought. Successful affinity cards occur where the expectations of the card issuer are met by the aspirations of the affinity group and examples are used to illustrate a good and bad “fit”. Considers the current pressures on affinity cards and offers some thoughts on the need for a mutual understanding of the aspirations of both issuer and affinity group.
Electronic Population Inversions by Fluid-Mechanical Techniques (1965)

The promotion of population inversions between electronic excited states by fluid-mechanical techniques is suggested. Three methods are proposed as illustrations, and the possible degree of inversion in each is estimated. The first makes use in part of the known inversion obtained in excited Ne levels by energy transfer from He metastables. A flow system separates the region of excitation of the He from the region of the resonant excitation of the Ne by the He metastable, and the undesirable electron excitation of the lower Ne state is avoided. The second proposal involves the supersonic expansion of a dissociated mixture of O and H atoms obtained by combustion. An inversion is anticipated between the v′ = 2 and v′ = 1 vibrational levels of the OH(2Σ+) state through the process of inverse predissociation occurring during the expansion. The third illustration involves the rapid expansion of a highly excited gas where radiative depopulation of the lower state promotes an inversion. Results of exploratory experiments involving this particular scheme are discussed. However, it was not possible to observe a population inversion within the noise level of the experiment which involved the sudden expansion of Xe heated by a shock tube.
Effect of spacer layer thickness on the static characteristics of resonant tunneling diodes (1990)

A self-consistent quantum mechanical simulation is used to study the effect of spacer layer thickness on such resonant tunneling diode properties as the peak current and peak-to-valley current ratio. It is found that with a low cathode doping the peak current is insensitive to the commonly used spacer layer thickness. However, for higher cathode doping the peak current decreases with increasing spacer layer thickness. This phenomenon is explained on the basis of the junction potential between the heavily doped cathode contact region and the undoped double-barrier region. Thus, for device applications where a high current density is desired the cathode spacer layer should be designed as thin as possible.
Replication of a foamy virus mutant with a constitutively active U3 promoter and deleted accessory genes. (1999)

Foamy viruses (FVs) are complex retroviruses which require for their replication the activity of a transcriptional trans-activator (Tas) as well as Tas-responsive elements in the viral promoters. A mutant of the chimpanzee FV strain, CFV/hu (previously called human FV), genome in which most of the U3 promoter of the CFV long terminal repeat was substituted by the constitutively active human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene enhancer/promoter was constructed. This plasmid (pTS12) and a derivative (pTS13), which has a deletion in the tas gene, gave rise to replication-competent virus. Compared with parental CFV, both mutants replicated only very poorly, with retarded growth kinetics and maximal cell-free virus titres reduced by approximately three orders of magnitude. Mutation of the DD35E motif of the CFV integrase to DA35E rendered the recombinant TS virus replication-deficient. This indicated that provirus integration is probably still required for this FV derivative, which had been converted from a complex regulated retrovirus into a simple one by incorporation of a constitutively active promoter from another virus which regularly does not integrate into the host cell genome.