gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of a nutritional lick block and higher feeding levels to reduce aggression and provide enrichment for sows in groups (2015)

Animal Production Science (continuing Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture) publishes original research into applied agriculture including animal production, animal-plant interactions, pasture and fodder crops, field crops, extension and horticulture
Efficient and Low-Cost Hardware Defense Against DNS Amplification Attacks (2008)

DNS amplification attacks utilize IP address spoofing and large numbers of open recursive DNS servers to perform the bandwidth consumption attack. During an attack, it ceaselessly fabricates DNS queries to the exploited open recursive DNS servers, and all the responses, often with larger size than the query messages, are reflected to the single victim due to the source IP address spoofing. While it is difficult to defend against this attack from the root causes by eliminating the open recursive DNS servers and IP spoofing for the whole Internet, in this paper, we take a different methodology to defend against it at the leaf router of victim's ISP or organization. We propose an efficient and low-cost hardware approach to first detect the DNS amplification attack accurately and responsively. Once the attack is confirmed, our approach is then activated to filter out all the illegitimate DNS responses by using a two-Bloom filter solution. We demonstrate that the memory cost of our approach is feasible for the hardware implementation even up to the OC-768 link. Through trace-driven simulations, it is shown that our approach is effective in both the detecting and filtering phases.
1. Einleitung (2020)

Trotz Liberalisierung im Jahr 1994 wird der deutsche Markt für Beförderungsleistungen im Schienenpersonenfernverkehr durchgehend von einem Unternehmen dominiert – der DB Fernverkehr AG. Im vorliegenden Band werden Markteintrittshürden analysiert, die den erfolgreichen Eintritt neuer Unternehmen verhindern und so die Monopolstellung des etablierten Unternehmens stützen. Neben der Vorstellung verschiedener Konzepte zur Definition von Markteintrittshürden wird diskutiert, wie der Markt für Beförderungsleistungen im Schienenpersonenfernverkehr sinnvoll von Substitutionsmärkten wie dem innerdeutschen Flug- oder Fernbusverkehr abgegrenzt werden kann. Das Ergebnis der Analyse zeigt, dass eine Kombination aus hohen, versunkenen Kosten bei Markteintritt bei gleichzeitiger großer Unsicherheit über die langfristige Marktentwicklung den mangelnden Wettbewerb erklären kann. Auf Basis der Analyse werden Maßnahmen vorgeschlagen, um den Markteintritt neuer Unternehmen zu fördern.
Multifunctional Fluorene‐Based Oligomers with Novel Spiro‐Annulated Triarylamine: Efficient, Stable Deep‐Blue Electroluminescence, Good Hole Injection, and Transporting Materials with Very High <i>T</i> <sub>g</sub> (2009)

Abstract A series of fluorene‐based oligomers with novel spiro‐annulated triarylamine structures, namely DFSTPA, TFSTPA, and TFSDTC, are synthesized by a Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction. The spiro‐configuration molecular structures lead to very high glass transition temperatures (197–253 °C) and weak intermolecular interactions, and consequently the structures retain good morphological stability and high fluorescence quantum efficiencies(0.69–0.98). This molecular design simultaneously solves the spectral stability problems and hole‐injection and transport issues for fluorene‐based blue‐light‐emitting materials. Simple double‐layer electroluminescence (EL) devices with a configuration of ITO/TFSTPA (device A) or TFSDTC (device B)/ TPBI/LiF/Al, where TFSTPA and TFSDTC serve as hole‐transporting blue‐light‐emitting materials, show a deep‐blue emission with a peak around 432 nm, and CIE coordinates of (0.17, 0.12) for TFSTPA and (0.16, 0.07) for TFSDTC, respectively, which are very close to the National Television System Committee (NTSC) standard for blue (0.15, 0.07). The maximum current efficiency/external quantum efficiencies are 1.63 cd A −1 /1.6% for device A and 1.91 cd A −1 /2.7% for device B, respectively. In addition, a device with the structure ITO/DFSTPA/Alq 3 /LiF/Al, where DFSTPA acts as both the hole‐injection and ‐transporting material, is shown to achieve a good performance, with a maximum luminance of 14 047 cd m −2 , and a maximum current efficiency of 5.56 cd A −1 . These values are significantly higher than those of devices based on commonly used N , N ′‐di(1‐naphthyl)‐ N , N ′‐diphenyl‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4,4′‐diamine (NPB) as the hole‐transporting layer (11 738 cd m −2 and 3.97 cd A −1 ) under identical device conditions.
Performance Monitoring on an HPVM Cluster. (2000)

Clusters of workstations are becoming popular platforms for parallel computing, but performance on these systems is more complex and harder to predict than on traditional parallel machines. Hence, performance monitoring and analysis is important for understanding application behavior and improving performance. We present a performance monitor for HPVM, a high-performance cluster running Windows NT. The novel features of our monitor are: an integrated approach to performance information, a (software) global clock to correlate performance information across cluster nodes and leverage of Windows NT performance monitoring facilities. We discuss the design issues for this tool, and present results of using this tool to analyze the performance of a cluster application. Keywords: cluster performance monitoring 1 Introduction Clusters of workstations or PCs are now an attractive alternative to massively parallel processors (MPPs) for parallel computing. They have good price/performance char...
Improved system for measuring the writing speed of sweeping image cameras (1983)

A new system has been developed for determining the writing speed of sweeping image cameras. In this system the time intervals between light pulses from the image of a small objective slit as seen by a photomultiplier tube through a pair of slits at the object plane are measured by a time interval meter. Several features of this system allow the writing speed of an individual measurement to be determined to better than a tenth of a percent so that very precise corrections can be determined for nonideal behavior of the camera’s optical system.
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF THE BANDED ELECTRODE ARRAYa (1983)

The banded electrode array is a simple and effective array for multiple-channel cochlear stimulation and meets the necessary design requirements.
Physiological effects of RF exposure on hypersensitive people by a cell phone (2008)

Persons with electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) complain of subjective symptoms such as headaches, insomnia, memory loss etc. resulting from radio frequency (RF) radiation by cellular phones. There have been various EHS provocation studies on heart rate, blood pressure, and subjective symptoms using GSM phones. However, there are few provocation studies on case-control study investigating simultaneously physiological parameters from CDMA phones. In this study, two volunteer groups of 18 self-declared EHS and 19 controls were exposed to both sham and real RF exposures by a CDMA cellular phone for half an hour each. We investigated the physiological parameters such as heart rates, respiration rates, and hear rate variability (HRV). In conclusion, the RF exposure by a CDMA cellular phone did not have any effects on the physiological parameters for both groups.
Fast and detailed approximate global illumination by irradiance decomposition (2005)

In this paper we present an approximate method for accelerated computation of the final gathering step in a global illumination algorithm. Our method operates by decomposing the radiance field close to surfaces into separate far- and near-field components that can be approximated individually. By computing surface shading using these approximations, instead of directly querying the global illumination solution, we have been able to obtain rendering time speed ups on the order of 10x compared to previous acceleration methods. Our approximation schemes rely mainly on the assumptions that radiance due to distant objects will exhibit low spatial and angular variation, and that the visibility between a surface and nearby surfaces can be reasonably predicted by simple location and orientation-based heuristics. Motivated by these assumptions, our far-field scheme uses scattered-data interpolation with spherical harmonics to represent spatial and angular variation, and our near-field scheme employs an aggressively simple visibility heuristic. For our test scenes, the errors introduced when our assumptions fail do not result in visually objectionable artifacts or easily noticeable deviation from a ground-truth solution. We also discuss how our near-field approximation can be used with standard local illumination algorithms to produce significantly improved images at only negligible additional cost.
The effect of model rescaling and normalization on sensitivity analysis on an example of a MAPK pathway model (2016)

The description of intracellular processes based on chemical reaction kinetics has become a standard approach in the last decades, and parameter estimation poses several challenges. Sensitivity analysis is a powerful tool in model development that can aid model calibration in various ways. Results can for example be used to simplify the model by elimination or fixation of parameters that have a negligible influence on relevant model outputs. However, models are usually subject to rescaling and normalization to reference experiments, which changes the variance of the output. Thus, the results of the sensitivity analysis may change depending on the choice of these rescaling factors and reference experiments. Although it might intuitively be clear, this fact has not been addressed in the literature so far. In this study we investigate the effect of model rescaling and additional normalization to a reference experiment on the outcome of two different sensitivity analyses. Results are exemplified on a model for the MAPK pathway module in PC-12 cell lines. For this purpose we apply local sensitivity analysis and a global variance-based method based on Sobol sensitivity coefficients, and compare the results for differently scaled and normalized model versions. Results indicate that both sensitivity analyses are invariant under simple rescaling of variables and parameters with constant factors, provided that sensitivity coefficients are normalized and that the parameter space is appropriately chosen for Sobol’s method. By contrast, normalization to a reference experiment that also depends on parameters has a large impact on the results of any sensitivity analysis, and in particular complicates the interpretation. This work shows that, in order to perform sensitivity analysis, it is necessary to take into account the dependency on parameters of the reference condition when working with normalized model versions.
Massive graph triangulation (2013)

This paper studies I/O-efficient algorithms for settling the classic triangle listing problem, whose solution is a basic operator in dealing with many other graph problems. Specifically, given an undirected graph G, the objective of triangle listing is to find all the cliques involving 3 vertices in G. The problem has been well studied in internal memory, but remains an urgent difficult challenge when G does not fit in memory, rendering any algorithm to entail frequent I/O accesses. Although previous research has attempted to tackle the challenge, the state-of-the-art solutions rely on a set of crippling assumptions to guarantee good performance. Motivated by this, we develop a new algorithm that is provably I/O and CPU efficient at the same time, without making any assumption on the input G at all. The algorithm uses ideas drastically different from all the previous approaches, and outperformed the existing competitors by a factor over an order of magnitude in our extensive experimentation.
The spatial relationship between stem cells and their progeny in the basal layer of human epidermis: a new view based on whole-mount labelling and lineage analysis (1999)

In order to examine the spatial organisation of stem cells and their progeny in human epidermis, we developed a method for whole-mount epidermal immunofluorescence labelling using high surface beta1 integrin expression as a stem cell marker. We confirmed that there are clusters of high beta1 integrin-expressing cells at the tips of the dermal papillae in epidermis from several body sites, whereas alpha6 integrin expression is more uniform. The majority of actively cycling cells detected by Ki67 or bromodeoxyuridine labelling were found in the beta1 integrin-dull, transit amplifying population and integrin-negative, keratin 10-positive cells left the basal layer exclusively from this compartment. When we examined p53-positive clones in sun-exposed epidermis, we found two types of clone that differed in size and position in a way that was consistent with the founder cell being a stem or transit amplifying cell. The patterning of the basal layer implies that transit amplifying cells migrate over the basement membrane away from the stem cell clusters. In support of this, isolated beta1 integrin-dull keratinocytes were more motile on type IV collagen than beta1 integrin-bright keratinocytes and EGFP-labelled stem cell clones in confluent cultured sheets were compact, whereas transit amplifying clones were dispersed. The combination of whole-mount labelling and lineage marking thus reveals features of epidermal organisation that were previously unrecognised.
Leveraging dynamic slicing to enhance indirect branch prediction (2014)

An indirect branch specifies where the address of the next instruction to execute is located. The address to be jumped to is not known until the instruction is executed. Indirect branches can incur a significant fraction of branch misprediction overhead even though they remain less frequent than the more predictable conditional branches. Indirect branch instructions implement multiway branch statements and virtual function calls in object-oriented languages. Multiple targets indirect branch instructions are difficult to predict. We employ dynamic slicing to categorize indirect branches and use the most convenient predictor for each category. We also propose Dynamic Slicing directed Indirect Branch (DSIB) predictor, a profiling based target address prediction technique for indirect branch instructions. We compare the proposed predictor to VBBI and ITTAGE predictors. DSIB enhances prediction accuracy by 13% and 9% over VBBI and ITTAGE respectively. DSIB also results in IPC improvement of 11%, 4.2% and 3.55% over BTB, VBBI and ITTAGE respectively.
Contribution of Proteasomal β-Subunits to the Cleavage of Peptide Substrates Analyzed with Yeast Mutants (1998)

Proteasomes generate peptides that can be presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules in vertebrate cells. Using yeast 20 S proteasomes carrying different inactivated beta-subunits, we investigated the specificities and contributions of the different beta-subunits to the degradation of polypeptide substrates containing MHC class I ligands and addressed the question of additional proteolytically active sites apart from the active beta-subunits. We found a clear correlation between the contribution of the different subunits to the cleavage of fluorogenic and long peptide substrates, with beta5/Pre2 cleaving after hydrophobic, beta2/Pup1 after basic, and beta1/Pre3 after acidic residues, but with the exception that beta2/Pup1 and beta1/Pre3 can also cleave after some hydrophobic residues. All proteolytic activities including the "branched chain amino acid-preferring" component are associated with beta5/Pre2, beta1/Pre3, or beta2/Pup1, arguing against additional proteolytic sites. Because of the high homology between yeast and mammalian 20 S proteasomes in sequence and subunit topology and the conservation of cleavage specificity between mammalian and yeast proteasomes, our results can be expected to also describe most of the proteolytic activity of mammalian 20 S proteasomes leading to the generation of MHC class I ligands.
Further extensions of Clifford circuits and their classical simulation complexities (2015)

Extended Clifford circuits straddle the boundary between classical and quantum computational power. Whether such circuits are efficiently classically simulable seems to depend delicately on the ingredients of the circuits. While some combinations of ingredients lead to efficiently classically simulable circuits, other combinations, which might just be slightly different, lead to circuits which are likely not. We extend the results of Jozsa and Van den Nest [Quant. Info. Comput. 14, 633 (2014)] by studying two further extensions of Clifford circuits. First, we consider how the classical simulation complexity changes when we allow for more general measurements. Second, we investigate different notions of what it means to "classically simulate" a quantum circuit. These further extensions give us 24 new combinations of ingredients compared to Jozsa and Van den Nest, and we give a complete classification of their classical simulation complexities. Our results provide more examples where seemingly modest changes to the ingredients of Clifford circuits lead to "large" changes in the classical simulation complexities of the circuits, and also include new examples of extended Clifford circuits that exhibit "quantum supremacy", in the sense that it is not possible to efficiently classically sample from the output distributions of such circuits, unless the polynomial hierarchy collapses.
Metal-mesh achromatic half-wave plate for use at submillimeter wavelengths (2008)

A metal-mesh achromatic half-wave plate (HWP) has been designed, manufactured, and tested for potential use in millimeter and submillimeter astronomical instruments. The prototype device presented here is based on a 12-grid Shatrow [IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 43, 109 (1995)] recipe to operate over the frequency range of 120-180 GHz. Transmission line modeling and finite-element analysis [Ansoft HFSS website: http://www.ansoft.com/hfss/] were used to optimize the design geometrical parameters in terms of the device transmission, reflection, absorption, phase-shift, and cross-polarization as a function of frequency. The resulting prototype device was constructed and characterized using incoherent radiation from a polarizing Fourier transform spectrometer to explore its frequency and polarization behavior. These measurements are shown to be in excellent agreement with the models. Lists of the achieved HWP performance characteristics are reported.
COMPOSITION OF SYNTHETIC LIQUID FUELS. I. PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION AND ANALYSIS OF C<sub>5</sub>-C<sub>8</sub> PARAFFIN ISOMERS FROM COBALT CATALYST (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCOMPOSITION OF SYNTHETIC LIQUID FUELS. I. PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION AND ANALYSIS OF C5-C8 PARAFFIN ISOMERS FROM COBALT CATALYSTR. A. Friedel and R. B. AndersonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 5, 2307Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01161a536https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01161a536research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views245Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Energy-Efficient Resource Management for Cloud Computing Infrastructures (2011)

Cloud computing is growing in popularity among computing paradigms for its appealing property of considering "Everything as a Service". The goal of a Cloud infrastructure provider is to maximize its profit by minimizing the amount of violations of Quality-of-Service (QoS) levels agreed with service providers, and, at the same time, by lowering infrastructure costs. Among these costs, the energy consumption induced by the Cloud infrastructure, for running Cloud services, plays a primary role. Unfortunately, the minimization of QoS violations and, at the same time, the reduction of energy consumption is a conflicting and challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a framework to automatically manage computing resources of Cloud infrastructures in order to simultaneously achieve suitable QoS levels and to reduce as much as possible the amount of energy used for providing services. We show, through simulation, that our approach is able to dynamically adapt to time-varying workloads (without any prior knowledge) and to significantly reduce QoS violations and energy consumption with respect to traditional static approaches.
Optimal time slot assignment in CDMA packet radio networks (2002)

We consider the time slot assignment problem in a CDMA packet radio network. Unlike the classical TDMA packet radio networks, a CDMA packet radio network can provide each node with a multiple reception capacity using orthogonal codes. This multiple reception capacity of each node presents a new challenge for channel access protocols. Also we consider non-uniform traffic demand over nodes which has become important due to the increase of subscribers and the introduction of PCS. We present an algorithm for a general system where the number of nodes and the reception capacity can be any positive integers and the traffic demand can be non-uniform. Computational tests show that our algorithm generates excellent solutions in most cases.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Formation of tert‐Alkylamines by Desymmetrization of 2‐Substituted Serinols. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Low-noise variable-gain amplifier in 90-nm CMOS for TV on mobile (2007)

Presented is a low-noise variable-gain amplifier intended for handheld TV-on-mobile in the UHF band. The circuitry, implemented in 90-nm CMOS technology, is designed for compliance with MBRAI category 2 and 3 and for robustness against the high RF input levels caused by uplink signals from cellular and connectivity services integrated in the same handheld. The overall Noise Figure is kept low by employing lossless feedback in the VGA. The effect of a back- gate control to reduce the sensitivity of the amplifier characteristics to variations in supply voltage has been studied. The test chip realized exhibits 23 dB gain that can be stepped down with 2 dB resolution, 2.6 dB NF, a -5.4 dBm IIP3 at maximum gain and 40 mW power consumption at 1.2 V supply.