gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measuring the Resonances of Treble Viol Plates by Hologram Interferometry and Designing an Improved Instrument (1972)

This paper is a presentation of the first application of the techniques of vibration analysis by hologram interferometry to the study of stringed instrument resonances. The instrument studied was the treble viol, which was a convenient size for a hologram system and allowed approximate simulation of the actual instrument by the clamped top plate. After study of an instrument of classical proportions by hologram interferometry, a new instrument was designed that was longer, wider, and flatter. Holographic study of the top plate of this new instrument verified that it should function well on a finished instrument since its resonance frequencies suited the instrument range. The rest of the instrument was built and tested holographically after assembly to confirm the previous simulation. The instrument was completed and played with very good results, i.e., more volume, easier playing, and more agreeable tone than the classically designed treble viol. The primary experimental difficulty encountered was the swelling of the wooden plates with humidity which adversely affected real-time interferometry, and the steps taken to overcome this were only partially successful.
Structural and Optical Studies of ZnS & ZnS-Ni Nano Materials (2015)

The behavior of doped and undoped nano-particles find a great deal of interest among the researchers for its number of application in opto-electronic and semi-conductor devices. ZnS nano-crystals were grown into poly-vinyl alcohol matrix by chemical route at different weight percentage. Optical properties of both undoped and doped with ZnS nano-crystalline compounds were studied. The nano structure was characterized with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Hi- resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). Surface morphology was studied with the help of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Average particle size of ZnS and ZnS-Ni were found to be 5 and 11 nm in TEM, while that obtained from XRD was about 2.28–2.49 nm. Peak of Photo-luminescence (PL) emission spectra was found at 393 nm and another peak at 403 nm corresponding to dopant 0.5% and 1.0% at room temperature. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDX) spectra showed presence of Zn, S, & Ni with 67.92, 27.50 & 4.58 weight% respectively. These data showed successful doping with Ni. Optical absorption studies were carried out with UV-VIS Spectrophotometer and showed a strong absorbance at wavelength 400 nm with a tendency towards blue shift. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) showed a set of three well defined rings corresponding to planes 111, 220, 311 which tallied well with the JCPDS card No. 05–0566.
Advanced TFT SRAM cell technology using a phase-shift lithography (1995)

An advanced TFT memory cell technology has been developed for making high-density and high-speed SRAM cells. The cell is fabricated using a phase-shift lithography that enables patterns with spaces of less than 0.25 /spl mu/m to be made using the conventional stepper. Cell area is also reduced by using a small cell-ratio and a parallel layout for the transistor. Despite the small cell-ratio, stable operation is assured by using advanced polysilicon PMOS TFT's for load devices. The effect of the Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ multilayer gate insulator on the on-current and the influence of the channel implantation are also investigated. To obtain stable operation and extremely low stand-by power dissipation, a self-aligned offset structure for the polysilicon PMOS TFT is proposed and demonstrated. A leakage current of only 2 fA/cell and an on-/off-current ratio of 4.6/spl times/10/sup 6/ are achieved with this polysilicon PMOS TFT in a memory cell, which is demonstrated in a experimental 1-Mbit CMOS SRAM chip that has an access time of only 7 ns.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High-efficiency optical ultrasound generation using one-pot synthesized polydimethylsiloxane-gold nanoparticle nanocomposite (2012)

Photoacoustic generation is an attractive alternative to generate ultrasound due to its broad bandwidth and high frequency capabilities. However, the challenges in low generation efficiency need to be addressed. In order to address this issue, a one-pot synthesized polydimethylsiloxane-gold nanoparticle (PDMS/Au NP) nanocomposite was utilized to generate ultrasonic pulses excited by a nanosecond laser. The enhanced efficiency of the photoacoustic signal was investigated by varying the concentration and the thickness of the nanocomposite film. The optimal peak-to-peak amplitude of the acoustic signal was observed to be 189.49 kPa under the laser energy density of 13  mJ/cm2 at 1.8 mm away from the nanocomposite film, when the thickness and the concentration of the film were 450 μm and 1.79 wt. %, respectively. Furthermore, the efficiency of the photoacoustic generation was increased 3 orders of magnitude compared to the aluminum thin film. The results indicate that high photoacoustic generation efficiency could be achieved through the PDMS/Au NPs nanocomposite.
Inhibition of in vitro nuclear transport by a lectin that binds to nuclear pores. (1987)

Selective transport of proteins is a major mechanism by which biochemical differences are maintained between the cytoplasm and nucleus. To begin to investigate the molecular mechanism of nuclear transport, we used an in vitro transport system composed of a Xenopus egg extract, rat liver nuclei, and a fluorescently labeled nuclear protein, nucleoplasmin. With this system, we screened for inhibitors of transport. We found that the lectin, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), completely inhibits the nuclear transport of fluorescently labeled nucleoplasmin. No other lectin tested affected nuclear transport. The inhibition by WGA was not seen when N-acetylglucosamine was present and was reversible by subsequent addition of sugar. When rat liver nuclei that had been incubated with ferritin-labeled WGA were examined by electron microscopy, multiple molecules of WGA were found bound to the cytoplasmic face of each nuclear pore. Gel electrophoresis and nitrocellulose transfer identified one major and several minor nuclear protein bands as binding 125I-labeled WGA. The most abundant protein of these, a 63-65-kD glycoprotein, is a candidate for the inhibitory site of action of WGA on nuclear protein transport. WGA is the first identified inhibitor of nuclear protein transport and interacts directly with the nuclear pore.
Obtaining the specific contact resistance from transmission line model measurements (1982)

In characterizing ohmic contacts using the transmission line model, it is necessary to make a measurement referred to as the contact end resistance, as a result of modification to the sheet resistance under the contact. In this article we show that this contact end resistance and the consequent specific contact resistance can be deduced from simple resistance measurements carried out between contacts on a standard, transmission line model test pattern.
An Automated System for ST Segment and Arrhythmia Analysis in Exercise Radionuclide Ventriculography (1986)

A computer-based system for interpretation of the electrocardiogram (ECG) in the diagnosis of arrhythmia and ST segment abnormality in an exercise system is presented. The system was designed for inclusion in a gamma camera so that ECG diagnosis could be combined with the diagnostic capability of radionuclide ventriculography. Digitized data are analyzed in a beat-by-beat mode and a contextual diagnosis of underlying rhythm is provided. Each beat is assigned a beat code based on a combination of waveform analysis and RR interval measurement. The waveform analysis employs a new correlation coefficient formula which corrects for baseline wander. Selective signal averaging, in which only normal beats are included, is done for an improved signal-to-noise ratio prior to ST segment analysis. Template generation, R wave detection, QRS window size, baseline correction, and continuous updating of heart rate have all been automated. ST level and slope measurements are computed on signal-averaged data. Arrhythmia analysis of 13 passages of abnormal rhythm by computer was found to be correct in 98.4 percent of all beats. 25 passages of exercise data, 1-5 min in length, were evaluated by the cardiologist and found to be in agreement in 95.8 percent in measurements of ST level and 91.7 percent in measurements of ST slope.
Inhibition of intravascular thrombosis in murine endotoxemia by targeted expression of hirudin and tissue factor pathway inhibitor analogs to activated endothelium (2004)

We have generated transgenic mice expressing the leech anticoagulant hirudin and human tissue factor pathway inhibitor tethered to the cell surface by fusion with fragments of human CD4 and P-selectin. Expression of the transgenes is under the control of the CD31 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule [PECAM]) promoter, limiting expression to endothelial cells, monocytes, and platelets. In addition, the P-selectin sequence directs expression to secretory granules. Functional cell surface expression only occurs when the cells are activated. In a mouse model of systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia, we show that expression of either anticoagulant on activated endothelium inhibits the widespread intravascular thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, and consumptive coagulopathy associated with endotoxemia. Importantly, non- LPS-treated transgenic mice had normal baseline bleeding times. We speculate that targeted delivery of anticoagulants to the endothelium may be a strategy worth pursuing in clinical sepsis to improve efficacy of systemic anticoagulation while minimizing potential hemorrhagic side effects.
Cell Cycle Redistribution of Cultured Cells After Treatment With Chemical Radiation Protectors (1988)

The effect of two radioprotective agents (WR-1065 and WR-151326) was tested for their ability to modify cell cycle progression. Each protector was administered at a concentration of 4 mmol to exponentially growing cultures of V79 cells for periods of time up to 3 h. Under these conditions no cell toxicity was observed. At selected times up to and after removal of the protector, aliquots of cells were removed, counted and fixed in cold 70% ethanol. The cells were stained with DAPI in a 0.1% citrate solution and DNA histograms were obtained using a PARTEC PAS-II flow cytometer. The coefficient of variation of the G1 peaks obtained for unperturbed cell samples routinely ranged from 1.5 to 2.5%. During exposure, both radioprotectors effectively perturbed cell cycle progression, as characterized by a build-up of cells in S and G2 phases. After the protectors were removed, cells began to redistribute throughout the cell cycle. Twelve hours were required before cells exposed to WR-1065 approached levels commensurable with controls. In contrast, cells treated with WR-151236 required about 24 h to redistribute to control levels. These data demonstrate that different thiol-containing radioprotective compounds can differentially affect the progression and redistribution of exposed cells.
128 channel, 480 km FSK-DD transmission experimentusing0.98 µm pumped erbium-doped fibre amplifiers and a tunablegain equaliser (1994)

128 channel, 622 Mbit/s FSK-DD transmission is demonstrated using dispersion-shifted fibres, total fibre length of 480 km, with 13 inline 0.98 µm pumped erbium-doped fibre amplifiers (EDFAs) and a tunable gain equaliser. The gain imbalance and noise figure of the 0.98 µm pumped EDFAs are small compared to those of 1.48 µm pumped EDFAs, and the residual gain imbalance can be compensated for by just one waveguide-type tunable gain equaliser. As a result, all channels were successfully transmitted with power penalties of less than 1 dB.
An Ag–GaAs Schottky-Barrier Ultraviolet Detector (1969)

Ag–GaAs Schottky-barrier photodiodes have been fabricated and evaluated as detectors of uv radiation. The quantum efficiency of these detectors is a maximum near 3225 Å, and is much less in the visible and ir regions of the spectrum. The peak quantum efficiency and selectivity of the detector is determined by the thickness of the silver layer, which possesses a narrow transmission ``window'' for radiation near 3225 Å wavelength. The transmittance of silver films evaporated on 7059 glass and quartz substrates was measured and compared with calculations based on previously published optical constants. At the transmittance peak, the extinction coefficient for these silver films was measured to be 0.38. From these transmittance measurements, the fraction of the radiation, incident on the silver, which enters the GaAs of the photodetectors was calculated as a function of wavelength and silver-film thickness. This quantity was compared with the measured quantum efficiency of the diodes. At the peak, the comparison indicated that 25–50% of the carriers created within the depletion region of the barrier do not contribute to the photocurrent. Measurements of the dependence of quantum efficiency on bias and energy of the absorbed radiation suggest that at the peak, a fraction of the carriers created within the depletion layer are energetic enough to pass over the Schottky barrier and not be collected as photocurrent.
The protective effect of MPLA preconditioning on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and its mechanism (2009)

Objective To study the mechanism of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) protecting liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, and explore the hemeoxygenase-1-carbon monoxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (HO-1-CO-cGMP) pathway whether involved in MPLA enhance calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRP) releasing or not. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, sham-operated group, hepatic ischemia-reperfusion group, MPLA low, medium and high dose groups (hepatic ischemia-reperfusion + MPLA0. 2,0. 5,1.0 mg/ kg). Hepatic isehemia-reperfusion model was constructed, followed by observation of cell ultrastructure through electron microscope. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and liver tissue levels of CO were determined. HO-1 expression in liver tissue was detected by immunohistochemic, CGRP, eGMP concentration in liver tissue was detected by RIA assay. Results Compared with hepatic isehemia-reperfusion group, the cell damage in MPLA group were relatively minor, and ALT, AST, LDH were significantly decreased (P <0.05), while HO-1, CO, cGMP, CGRP levels were signifi-cantly increased (P < 0.05). HO-1 and CO, CO and cGMP, cGMP and CGRP were obviously positive correlated (P <0.05). Conclu-sion MPLA enhanced CGRP synthesis and release through HO-1-CO-cGMP pathway in liver ischemia / reperfusion, which may be one of the mechanisms of MPLA reducing hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat.

Key words: 
Phosphoric acids/PD;  Ischemie preconditioning;  Reperfusion injury/PC ;  Liver/BS;  Heme oxygenase (decyclizing) /ME ;  Carbon monoxide/ME;  Cyclic GMP/ME
Purification and Properties of Dimethylsulfoxide Reductase Containing a Molybdenum Cofactor from a Photodenitrifier, Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides f.s. denitrificans (1987)

Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) reductase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the periplasmic fraction of a photodenitrifier, Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides f.s. denitrificans. The enzyme had a molecular weight of 82,000 and had no subunit. It contained 1 mol of molybdenum per mol of enzyme, but iron and acid-labile sulfur were not present. The UV-visible spectrum showed only one absorption maximum at 280 nm. Denaturation of the enzyme released a molybdopterin cofactor, the fluorescence spectra of which were almost the same as those of a form B derivative of molybdopterin found in formate dehydrogenase. The Km value for DMSO was 15 microM, which was much lower than that for trimethylamin-N-oxide (TMAO), whereas Vmax with TMAO was larger than that with DMSO.
HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN FOULING (1992)

Recent advances in analytical modeling of silica and calcium carbonate depositions on heat exchanger surfaces are reviewed. General physical and chemical processes leading to CaCO3 fouling are described. The CaCO3 fouling model assumes that the deposition process is controlled by two processes: the mass transport of ions and molecular species to and from heat transfer surface, and the crystallization reaction on the same surface. Analytical predictions of the CaCO3 deposition flux, the mean, and the profile of the local fouling-layer thickness along a heated plate by a laminar falling film are presented. They are found to be in good agreement with experimental data. Good agreement is also shown when applied to a turbulent annulus flow system. Similarly, physical and chemical processes pertinent to silica fouling are reviewed. Silica deposition models that account for supersaturation, pH factor, salinity, and thermal-hydraulic effects are presented. Analytical predictions are made and results are then compared to the field and laboratory data.
A lane recognition system based on priority (2013)

Using OpenCV, a lane recognition system is designed. In this study, a lightweight approach is proposed to real-time detection of lanes using ROI (region of interest) based on priority setting. The traditional ROI is further divided into two regions of different priorities. The left line of the lane, detected in the left region, is given a higher priority. And it can deduce the other line of the Lane using camera calibration. It implements the fast lane detection and generation combined with Hough transform. Experimental results show the method has significant high output effectiveness. It reduces the time of image processing, and improves the real-time performance of the system. Even if the road information completely lost, the system could mark lane for temporary help.
Microwave Parametric Subharmonic Oscillators for Digital Computing (1959)

In a digital information handling system, a binary one can be represented by an RF signal of a given phase, frequency, and amplitude, and a binary zero by RF of the same frequency and amplitude but with opposite phase. The use of subharmonic oscillators to switch, store, and amplify binary information coded in this manner is reviewed. A variable capacitance subharmonic oscillator having an output frequency of 2000 mc is described, and the use of this oscillator in circuits for amplifying, scaling, and performing logic functions is discussed. The circuits described operate at pulse repetition rates exceeding 100 mc. By raising the carrier frequency to X-band, it should be possible to increase the maximum rate to a few hundred megacycles.
Two Separate Cis-active Elements of the Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Gene Mediate Constitutive and Inducible Transcription by Binding Different Sets of AP-1 Proteins (1999)

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene expression is highly restricted throughout the neuroaxis and regulated by extracellular factors that activate tyrosine- or serine/threonine-directed protein kinase pathways. Cytokine, cyclic AMP, and tissue-specific response elements on the VIP gene have been characterized. Those mediating responsiveness to protein kinase C have not. The endogenous VIP gene and a 5.2-kilobase pair (kb) VIP-luciferase reporter gene, are up-regulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. PMA stimulation was abolished by deletion of sequences at -1.37 to -1.28 or -1.28 to -0.904 kb, but not by removal of the single phorbol ester response element (TRE; TGACTCA) located at -2.25 kb. Mutation of sites at -1.32 or -1.20 that mediate neurotrophin responsiveness of the VIP gene (Symes, A., Lewis, S., Corpus, L., Rajan, P., Hyman, S. E., and Fink, J. S. (1994) Mol. Endocrinol. 8, 1750-1763) each reduced PMA induction in SK-N-SH cells by >50%, and double mutation abolished it. The two mutations also reduced basal VIP reporter gene transcription in SH-EP neuroblastoma cells expressing VIP constitutively. Both cis-active elements bound pre-existing AP-1 proteins in SH-EP- or PMA-stimulated SK-N-SH cell nuclear extracts. The AP-1 complex at both sites contained a Fos-related protein with c-Jun in SH-EP cells and c-Fos with a Jun-related protein in SK-N-SH cells. Recruitment of combinatorially distinct AP-1 complexes to these elements may underlie cell type-specific regulation of the VIP gene.
Assembly line balancing with work zone and station load time windows constraints (2003)

This paper presents the solution of a real problem concerning assembly line balancing with several types of incompatibility, and with the constraint that, for a given number of stations, the load of the stations must be located within a time window that is predetermined according to the average load time. The problem is solved by a two-phase heuristic solution procedure: a truncated dynamic programming procedure and an improvement phase, which involves local optimization and tabu search procedures.
Mercury and freon (2006)

Power densities have been increasing rapidly at all levels of server systems. To counter the high temperatures resulting from these densities, systems researchers have recently started work on softwarebased thermal management. Unfortunately, research in this new area has been hindered by the limitations imposed by simulators and real measurements. In this paper, we introduce Mercury, a software suite that avoids these limitations by accurately emulating temperatures based on simple layout, hardware, and componentutilization data. Most importantly, Mercury runs the entire software stack natively, enables repeatable experiments, and allows the study of thermal emergencies without harming hardware reliability. We validate Mercury using real measurements and a widely used commercial simulator. We use Mercury to develop Freon, a system that manages thermal emergencies in a server cluster without unnecessary performance degradation. Mercury will soon become available from http://www.darklab.rutgers.edu.
JSON Web Signature (JWS) Unencoded Payload Option (2016)

JSON Web Signature (JWS) represents the payload of a JWS as a
base64url-encoded value and uses this value in the JWS Signature
computation. While this enables arbitrary payloads to be integrity
protected, some have described use cases in which the base64url
encoding is unnecessary and/or an impediment to adoption, especially
when the payload is large and/or detached. This specification defines
a means of accommodating these use cases by defining an option to
change the JWS Signing Input computation to not base64url- encode the
payload. This option is intended to broaden the set of use cases for
which the use of JWS is a good fit. This specification updates RFC
7519 by stating that JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) MUST NOT use the unencoded
payload option defined by this specification.
<title>Motion-Adaptive TV Data Compression</title> (1980)

Based on digitized TV frames a computer simulation study was conducted on a motion-adaptive TV data compression scheme, defined as one in which a 2-dimensional transform applied to subblocks is followed by the transmission to the receiving site of only changed subblocks. Performance was measured both by calculation of Normalized Mean Square Error and by subjective viewing of reconstructed frames. Two systems designs leading to 512x512 resolution operation (one based on the Hadamard and one on the Discrete Cosine Transform) were prepared.
Real-time analysis of fuel spray images (2005)

This paper provides a fast and efficient technique for real-time preprocessing and analysis of fuel spray images. The preprocessing stage consists of global thresholding of the log-edge of the image. The recognition of in-focus droplets is achieved through a 3-level tree classifier. The algorithm was tested using 400 images including approximately 8000 candidate objects. The percentage of correct classification was > 93%. The algorithm was also tested using 200 images of very low quality, and a recognition rate of 87% was achieved.