gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thick-Film Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Stripping Potentiometric Detection of a Metal Ion Label (1998)

A disposable electrochemical immunosensor based on potentiometric stripping analysis (PSA) of a metal tracer and using an entirely on-chip assay format is demonstrated. Challenges associated with the adaptation of earlier stripping voltammetric immunoassays to an on-chip operation, and with meeting the demands of decentralized testing, have been addressed. These include the surface immobilization of the antibody, the replacement of mercury drop electrodes, elimination of the separation and oxygen-removal steps, and the use of quiescent 30-microL sample droplets. Human serum albumin (HSA) and anti-HSA antibody were used as a model system, while bismuth ion served as the metal label. The anti-HSA was immobilized onto the surface of a thick-film electrode, followed by a competition between the Bi-labeled analyte-tracer and the analyte (HSA) for the antibody binding sites. Upon removal of the unbound tracer, Bi3+ was released and detected by PSA. The dynamic concentration range for HSA (0.3-30 micrograms/mL) and the detection limit (0.2 microgram/mL, i.e., 90 fmol in the 30-microL sample) indicate that the greatly simplified protocol does not compromise the performance characteristics of stripping immunoassays. Consequently, this on-chip operation offers great promise for decentralized (clinical and environmental) applications.
Multichannel coherent FSK experiments using subcarrier multiplexing techniques (1990)

The results for coherent digital subcarrier multiplexed (SCM) lightwave system experiments are described. A total of 20 frequency-shift-keyed (FSK) channels at 100 Mb/s each were transmitted on one optical carrier using microwave subcarriers in a multioctave configuration. A complete description of the system performance, including carrier-to-noise ratio, crosstalk, intermodulation distortion, and receiver sensitivity, is given. With a phase modulation index of beta =0.13, a receiver sensitivity of -27 dBm was obtained, representing a 14-dB improvement over a 20-channel direct detection SCM system. Crosstalk due to adjacent channels is negligible with a channel spacing of twice the data rate (200 MHz). Theoretical and experimental results are compared, and conditions for optimal performance as a function of channel number and phase modulation index are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Selective induction of cancer cell death by <scp>VDAC</scp>1‐based peptides and their potential use in cancer therapy (2018)

Mitochondrial VDAC1 mediates cross talk between the mitochondria and other parts of the cell by transporting anions, cations, ATP, Ca<sup>2+</sup> , and metabolites and serves as a key player in apoptosis. As such, VDAC1 is involved in two important hallmarks of cancer development, namely energy and metabolic reprograming and apoptotic cell death evasion. We previously developed cell-penetrating VDAC1-derived peptides that interact with hexokinase (HK), Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL to prevent the anti-apoptotic activities of these proteins and induce cancer cell death, with a focus on leukemia and glioblastoma. In this study, we demonstrated the sensitivity of a panel of genetically characterized cancer cell lines, differing in origin and carried mutations, to VDAC1-based peptide-induced apoptosis. Noncancerous cell lines were less affected by the peptides. Furthermore, we constructed additional VDAC1-based peptides with the aim of improving targeting, selectivity, and cellular stability, including R-Tf-D-LP4, containing the transferrin receptor internalization sequence (Tf) that allows targeting of the peptide to cancer cells, known to overexpress the transferrin receptor. The mode of action of the VDAC1-based peptides involves HK detachment, interfering with the action of anti-apoptotic proteins, and thus activating multiple routes leading to an impairment of cell energy and metabolism homeostasis and the induction of apoptosis. Finally, in xenograft glioblastoma, lung, and breast cancer mouse models, R-Tf-D-LP4 inhibited tumor growth while inducing massive cancer cell death, including of cancer stem cells. Thus, VDAC1-based peptides offer an innovative new conceptual framework for cancer therapy.
Reducing Peak Cooling Loads through Model-Based Control of Zone Temperature Setpoints (2007)

This paper describes the development and evaluation of a model-based approach for minimizing peak cooling demand using energy storage inherent in building structures. On any day where the strategy is invoked, the building is precooled with zone temperature setpoints at the low end of comfort prior to a demand-limiting period. The zone temperatures are then adjusted upwards during the demand-limiting period following a trajectory that keeps the peak cooling load below a specified target. The cooling demand target and setpoint trajectory are determined using a building model that is trained using field data. The overall approach was demonstrated for a building representative of a small commercial facility. The first step involved training the inverse model using a few weeks of hourly data. The model was then used to study the potential for peak load reduction and to determine setpoint trajectories that were implemented at the site. The demand-limiting strategy resulted in approximately 30% reductions in peak cooling loads compared to night setup control for a 5-hour on-peak period of 1 PM to 6 PM.
Intestinal microecology and quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome patients (2004)

There are intestinal flora disorders in IBS patients, which may be involved in triggering the IBS-like symptoms. IBS patients experience significant impairment in QoL, however, the impairment is not caused directly by enteric symptoms.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered lymphocytes for cancer therapy (2021)

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) usually combine the antigen binding site of a monoclonal antibody with the signal activating machinery of a T cell, freeing antigen recognition from MHC restriction and thus breaking one of the barriers to more widespread application of cellular therapy. Similar to treatment strategies employing monoclonal antibodies, T cells expressing CARs are highly targeted, but additionally offer the potential benefits of active trafficking to tumor sites, in vivo expansion and long-term persistence. Furthermore, gene transfer allows the introduction of countermeasures to tumor immune evasion and of safety mechanisms. Areas covered: The basic structure of so-called first and later generation CARs and their potential advantages over other immune therapy systems. How these molecules can be grafted into immune cells (including retroviral and non-retroviral transduction methods) and strategies to improve the in vivo persistence and function of immune cells expressing CARs. Examples of tumor-associated antigens that have been targeted in preclinical models and clinical experience with these modified cells. Safety issues surrounding CAR gene transfer into T cells and potential solutions to them. Expert opinion: Because of recent advances in immunology, genetics and cell processing, CAR-modified T cells will likely play an increasing role in the cellular therapy of cancer, chronic infections and autoimmune disorders.
Monitoring Structural Changes of Proteins in an Ion Trap over ∼10−200 ms:  Unfolding Transitions in Cytochrome <i>c</i> Ions (2001)

A new technique for studying the time dependence of conformational changes of gas-phase protein ions is described. In this approach, a short pulse of electrosprayed protein ions is introduced into an ion trap and stored. After a defined time period, the distribution of ions is ejected from the trap into an ion mobility/time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Combined measurements of mobilities and flight times in the mass spectrometer provide information about the abundances of different conformer types and charge-state distributions. By varying the storage time in the trap, it is possible to monitor changes in ion conformation that occur over extended time periods (approximately 10-200 ms). The method is demonstrated by examining changes in cytochrome c ion conformations for the +7 to +10 charge states.
TRAVELING WAVE EXCITATION OF HIGH POWER GAS LASERS (1967)

Experiments are described in which nitrogen and neon lasers are excited by a wave of current excitation which effectively travels from one end of the laser to the other with its velocity matching that of the stimulated emission. This type of excitation is accomplished with a low-impedance flat-plate Blumlein pulse generator. The power output in the direction of the wave of excitation is at least ten times that in the other direction. A 2.5-MW pulse of about 4-nsec duration is obtained with nitrogen and a 190-kW pulse of about 1.5 nsec with neon.
Nonintrusive appliance load monitoring (1992)

A nonintrusive appliance load monitor that determines the energy consumption of individual appliances turning on and off in an electric load, based on detailed analysis of the current and voltage of the total load, as measured at the interface to the power source is described. The theory and current practice of nonintrusive appliance load monitoring are discussed, including goals, applications, load models, appliance signatures, algorithms, prototypes field-test results, current research directions, and the advantages and disadvantages of this approach relative to intrusive monitoring.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pharmacokinetics and Safety in Rhesus Monkeys of a Monoclonal Antibody-GDNF Fusion Protein for Targeted Blood-Brain Barrier Delivery (2009)

A no-observable-adverse-effect level is established in the Rhesus monkey for the acute administration of the HIRMAb-GDNF fusion protein. The fusion protein targeting the insulin receptor has a PK profile similar to a classical small molecule.
Hepatic targeting of proteins utilizing carbohydrate recognition mechanism. (1991)

Effectiveness of a hepatic targeting system utilizing carbohydrate recognition mechanism was evaluated. Three types of bovine serum albumin (BSA)derivatives with 1-thiogalactoside(Gal-BSA), 1-thioglucoside(Glc-BSA), and 1-thiomannoside (Man-BSA) were synthesized by the amidation method and their disposition characteristics in mice were studied. Gal-BSA and Glc-BSA were rapidly taken up by the liver parenchymal cells, while Man-BSA was accumulated in the non-parenchymal cells due to receptor-mediated endocytosis. Similar results were observed in glycosylated superoxide dismutase and carboxymethyldextran, suggesting wide applicability of this methodology.
ICNavS: a tool for reliable dynamic route guidance (2007)

The aim of the study is to devise a new reliable dynamic route guidance approach by integrating the A* algorithm, the concept of reliability and an existing route guidance method into a single package. A new purpose-developed software tool, the Imperial College Navigation Software (ICNavS), is presented, so as to implement and demonstrate the new approach on a real road network, using simulated data. A summary of the background of the program is given, followed by a procedure developed in order to model the features of real road networks as well as missing data. Then, a simulation experiment on a part of West London's road network is carried out and the results are presented.
Folate/vitamin-B12 Prevents Chronic Hyperhomocysteinemia-Induced Tau Hyperphosphorylation and Memory Deficits in Aged Rats (2011)

Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our previous work has demonstrated that combined folate and vitamin B12 (vit-B12) supplementation prevents tau hyperphosphorylation and memory deficits induced by acute administration of homocysteine in young rats. Here, we further investigated whether folate/vit-B12 supplementation is also effective in aged rats with a chronically high level of homocysteine. 18-month-old rats were injected with homocysteine via the vena caudalis with or without a concurrent folate/vit-B12 supplementation for 28 weeks. We found that hyperhomocysteinemia induced tau hyperphosphorylation and accumulation in hippocampus and cortex. Concurrent signaling changes included the activation of glycogen synthase kinases-3β, cyclin-dependent kinase-5, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and p38MAPK, and inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A. Although the ability to learn was not affected, the aged rats exhibited significant memory deficits. Folate/vit-B12 supplementation attenuated these biochemical and behavioral correlates. These data demonstrate that folate/vit-B12 supplementation is also effective in a chronic hyperhomocysteinemia model in reversing the AD-like tau pathologies and memory deficits.
Benign and malignant esophageal strictures: treatment with a polyurethane-covered retrievable expandable metallic stent. (1997)

Use of polyurethane-covered, retrievable expandable stents seems to be a feasible and effective method of treatment of benign and malignant esophageal strictures.
Effect of a potent analog of human growth hormone-releasing factor on carcass composition and quality of crossbred market pigs. (1990)

The effect of a human growth hormone-releasing factor (hGRF) analog ([desamino-Tyr1, D-Ala2, Ala15] hGRF(1-29)NH2) on the carcass composition of crossbred barrows was evaluated. pH, color and collagen content were measured on 74 animals distributed among the following five treatments started at about 50 kg BW: T1, control saline three times daily (TID); T2, hGRF analog (1.66 micrograms/kg, TID); T3, hGRF analog (3.33 micrograms/kg, TID); T4, hGRF analog (6.66 micrograms/kg, TID) and T5, hGRF analog (10 micrograms/kg, once daily). Animals were slaughtered at approximately 106 kg BW giving an average of 55 d on test. Carcass composition was determined on eight animals from T1 and eight animals from T4. The left side of each carcass was divided into four untrimmed commercial cuts: ham, loin, shoulder and belly, which then were dissected into muscle, separable fat, bone and skin. Ham, loin and belly weights were not affected by GRF treatment, but shoulder weight was increased (P less than .05; 10.11 vs 11.15 kg, SE = .21). There was an increase (P less than .0.05) in muscle content of all the cuts considered and a concomitant decrease (P less than .05) in fat content. The analog increased muscle weight by 16% and decreased fat weight by 25% in the pooled tissues of the shoulder, ham and loin. Overall, hGRF analog increased skin and bone weights by 39% and 19%, respectively. Chemical analysis demonstrated that the hGRF analog increased overall protein accretion in the carcass by 10.5% and decreased crude fat by 28.7%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Current and Emerging Materials for 3-5 Micron IR Transmission (1986)

New, more durable windows and domes will be required for future 3-5 micron IR systems. Various oxide and oxynitride crystalline materials are candidates for these new requirements, including sapphire, spinel, ALON, yttria, and MgO. These materials are compared with respect to optical properties, durability, and fabrication costs. Two extrinsic properties, thermal conductivity and fracture strength, have strong effects on thermal shock resistance. Birefringent polycrystalline materials will not have adequate optical resolution for future systems.
An Improved Procedure for the Three-Component Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyridines Using Ionic Liquid (2007)

A basic ionic liquid, [bmIm]OH, efficiently promotes a one-pot, three-component condensation of aldehydes, malononitrile, and thiophenols to produce highly substituted pyridines in high yields at room temperature. This reaction does not involve any hazardous organic solvent and toxic catalyst. The ionic liquid is recovered and recycled for subsequent reactions.
Probing protease activity by single-fluorescent-protein nanocapsules (2010)

We describe a FRET-based protease detection strategy, using a single-fluorescent-protein nanogel as donor and a dark quencher as acceptor linked by a photolabile caged-peptide. This design enables probing of protease activity in a UV-responsive fashion.
Tungsten Chemical Vapor Deposition on Silicon and Silicon Dioxide with Plasma Excited Hydrogen (1994)

Nonselective chemical vapor deposition of tungsten films on silicon and silicon dioxide substrates by remote-plasma excited argon and hydrogen gaseous mixtures at substrate temperatures below 350° C was achieved. The growth rate shows an almost linear relationship with the hydrogen partial pressure above 0.6 Torr, but depends slightly on the argon partial pressure. The hydrogen partial pressure also influences the resistivity of the deposited films. The sufficient supply of the excited hydrogen improves growth rate and film properties.
Ocular Growth and Refractive Error Development in Premature Infants without Retinopathy of Prematurity (2003)

Most of the components of refractive status showed linear patterns of growth during this early phase of ocular development. CC displayed a more complex pattern of growth, which correlated well with refractive state. Compared with full-term infants examined around term, this group has shorter AXLs, shallower anterior chambers, and more highly curved corneas. In addition, less of the expected hypermetropia developed in the premature group, which seems mainly due to the differences in ACD and corneal curvature.
Random matrix approach to cross correlations in financial data (2002)

We analyze cross correlations between price fluctuations of different stocks using methods of random matrix theory (RMT). Using two large databases, we calculate cross-correlation matrices C of returns constructed from (i) 30-min returns of 1000 US stocks for the 2-yr period 1994-1995, (ii) 30-min returns of 881 US stocks for the 2-yr period 1996-1997, and (iii) 1-day returns of 422 US stocks for the 35-yr period 1962-1996. We test the statistics of the eigenvalues lambda(i) of C against a "null hypothesis"--a random correlation matrix constructed from mutually uncorrelated time series. We find that a majority of the eigenvalues of C fall within the RMT bounds [lambda(-),lambda(+)] for the eigenvalues of random correlation matrices. We test the eigenvalues of C within the RMT bound for universal properties of random matrices and find good agreement with the results for the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble of random matrices-implying a large degree of randomness in the measured cross-correlation coefficients. Further, we find that the distribution of eigenvector components for the eigenvectors corresponding to the eigenvalues outside the RMT bound display systematic deviations from the RMT prediction. In addition, we find that these "deviating eigenvectors" are stable in time. We analyze the components of the deviating eigenvectors and find that the largest eigenvalue corresponds to an influence common to all stocks. Our analysis of the remaining deviating eigenvectors shows distinct groups, whose identities correspond to conventionally identified business sectors. Finally, we discuss applications to the construction of portfolios of stocks that have a stable ratio of risk to return.
Benzodiazepine Premedication  (1999)

Premedication with midazolam or diazepam emulsion improved patients' comfort during needle localization procedures and significantly reduced intraoperative anxiety levels before breast biopsy procedures without prolonging discharge times. Use of diazepam emulsion may be an effective alternative to midazolam in this population.
Value Cost Management Report to Evaluate the Contractor's Estimate at Completion (1999)

Abstract : The earned value cost management report is a valuable management tool for project managers. Its long association with earned value management systems criteria (formerly cost/schedule control systems criteria) and the related technical jargon, however, may have caused some project managers to ignore the information that it can provide about the future performance of their projects. This article is a brief tutorial for project managers and others interested in using the report more effectively. Actual performance data from a failed project and important research results are used to describe three simple analysis techniques for evaluating the contractor's projected final cost of a project, termed the estimate at completion.
Pyridazine Analogues of Biologically Active Compounds, VI<sup>1,2)</sup>: Pyrido[2,3‐c]pyridazines Structurally Related to Nalidixic Acid (1990)

Abstract Synthesis of 8‐alkyl‐5,8‐dihydro‐5‐oxopyrido[2,3‐c]pyridazine‐6‐carboxylic acids 7a–d , starting from 3‐chloro‐4‐pyridazinecarbonitrile, is reported. The novel compounds do not exhibit significant (gyrase‐inhibiting) antibacterial activity.
Elektronentransfer und Ionenpaar-Bildung, 8 [1] <sup>107,109</sup>Ag ENDOR-Kopplungen und Redox-Verhalten des Radikal-Kontaktionenpaares aus Bis(triphenyIphosphino)silber(I)-Kation und 3,5-Di(tert-butyl)-o-benzosemichinon-Anion / Electron Transfer and Ion Pairing, 8 [1] <sup>107'109</sup>Ag ENDOR Couplings and Redox Behaviour of the Radical Contact Ion Pair from Bis(triphenylphosphino)silver(I) Cation and 3,5-Di(tert-butyl)-o-benzosemiquinone Anion (1988)

For the first time, 107,109 Ag ENDOR measurements in solution are reported. In addition, the formation of the known paramagnetic contact ion pair [Ag ⊕ (PR3) 2 (R 2 H 2 C 6 O 2 ·⊖ ] on reduction of 3,5-di(tert-butyl)-o-benzoquinone in THF solution containing soluble silver salts and triphenylphosphine is studied by cyclic voltammetry.
Optimization of Alkaline Treatment Conditions of the Rehydration of Beef Tripe by Response Surface Method (2012)

Food-grade NaOH was applied for rehydration of beef tripe.Response surface method was used to optimize the rehydration processing parameters using the lye concentration,lye macerating time and temperature as variables and gain ratio as the evaluating index.A quadratic polynomial mathematical model was built between the parameters and gain ratio.The result showed that lye concentration and lye macerating time had significant effects on gain ratio.The optimized rehydration processing parameters were obtained as lye concentration,6.8 g/L;lye macerating time,30.79 min;temperature,25.32 ℃.The gain ratio was 145%,which was consistent with the predicted value;and the sensory quality score was 80.The physicochemical and microbiological indicators of the beef tripe met the standard NY 5268-2004.The beef tripe abtained though such method was better than other products on the market.
Online Job Scheduling in Distributed Machine Learning Clusters (2018)

Nowadays large-scale distributed machine learning systems have been deployed to support various analytics and intelligence services in IT firms. To train a large dataset and derive the prediction/inference model, e.g., a deep neural network, multiple workers are run in parallel to train partitions of the input dataset, and update shared model parameters. In a shared cluster handling multiple training jobs, a fundamental issue is how to efficiently schedule jobs and set the number of concurrent workers to run for each job, such that server resources are maximally utilized and model training can be completed in time. Targeting a distributed machine learning system using the parameter server framework, we design an online algorithm for scheduling the arriving jobs and deciding the adjusted numbers of concurrent workers and parameter servers for each job over its course, to maximize overall utility of all jobs, contingent on their completion times. Our online algorithm design utilizes a primal-dual framework coupled with efficient dual subroutines, achieving good long-term performance guarantees with polynomial time complexity. Practical effectiveness of the online algorithm is evaluated using trace-driven simulation and testbed experiments, which demonstrate its outperformance as compared to commonly adopted scheduling algorithms in today's cloud systems.