gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coexistence of ZigBee wireless sensor networks and Bluetooth inside a vehicle (2009)

The increasing number of sensors deployed in cars calls for new design approaches in intra-vehicle electronic control unit (ECU) networks. ZigBee wireless sensor networks are seen as a good candidate technology, since they can provide high-performance short-range communication with low power consumption, as well as mesh networking capabilities. One of the main questions to answer before adoption of wireless technologies in a car is whether the performance delivered by these technologies is high enough. Firstly, a better understanding of the propagation characteristics in these environments is necessary. In addition, ZigBee sensor networks may experience interference from Bluetooth devices inside the car, commonly used for voice or data transfer applications, which may have a negative impact on the system performance. In this work, we study the performance of ZigBee sensor networks for intra-vehicle communications, in the presence of Bluetooth interference. In the first part, channel models are proposed for intra-vehicle communications in industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) 2.4-GHz band, obtained from channel measurements. In the second part, the system performance is evaluated in terms of packet error rate (PER) and average/peak packet latency, using measurements and calibrated simulations. The impact of topological and transmission parameters is studied, such as the sensor node locations or selected output power. Finally, recommendations for high performance operation are provided.
Context based physiological signal analysis in a ubiquitous VR environment (2007)

With the advent of smart sensing technology, environmental context and user context is widely deployed by the context awareness middleware developers and application developers. This environment leverages to utilize the abundant resources of information. In this paper, we present the principles of context based physiological signal analysis in a ubiquitous VR environment. Ultimate goal of this work is building the principles of physiological signal analysis with the knowledge of unknown control variables such as environmental condition and user characteristics.
Early Intervention and Language Development in Children Who Are Deaf and Hard of Hearing (2000)

Consistent with the findings of Yoshinaga-Itano et al,(1) significantly better language scores were associated with early enrollment in intervention. High levels of family involvement correlated with positive language outcomes, and, conversely, limited family involvement was associated with significant child language delays at 5 years of age, especially when enrollment in intervention was late. The results suggest that success is achieved when early identification is paired with early interventions that actively involve families.
Robust multi-task feature learning (2012)

Multi-task learning (MTL) aims to improve the performance of multiple related tasks by exploiting the intrinsic relationships among them. Recently, multi-task feature learning algorithms have received increasing attention and they have been successfully applied to many applications involving high-dimensional data. However, they assume that all tasks share a common set of features, which is too restrictive and may not hold in real-world applications, since outlier tasks often exist. In this paper, we propose a Robust MultiTask Feature Learning algorithm (rMTFL) which simultaneously captures a common set of features among relevant tasks and identifies outlier tasks. Specifically, we decompose the weight (model) matrix for all tasks into two components. We impose the well-known group Lasso penalty on row groups of the first component for capturing the shared features among relevant tasks. To simultaneously identify the outlier tasks, we impose the same group Lasso penalty but on column groups of the second component. We propose to employ the accelerated gradient descent to efficiently solve the optimization problem in rMTFL, and show that the proposed algorithm is scalable to large-size problems. In addition, we provide a detailed theoretical analysis on the proposed rMTFL formulation. Specifically, we present a theoretical bound to measure how well our proposed rMTFL approximates the true evaluation, and provide bounds to measure the error between the estimated weights of rMTFL and the underlying true weights. Moreover, by assuming that the underlying true weights are above the noise level, we present a sound theoretical result to show how to obtain the underlying true shared features and outlier tasks (sparsity patterns). Empirical studies on both synthetic and real-world data demonstrate that our proposed rMTFL is capable of simultaneously capturing shared features among tasks and identifying outlier tasks.
ANALISIS PERSEPSI SEMBUH DARI PERSPEKTIF PENDERITA TUBERKOLOSIS DAN PENGAWAS MINUM OBAT DI PUSKESMAS PANAMBUNGANG KOTA MAKASSAR (2020)

Puskesmas Panambungan adalah salah satu puskesmas dengan penemuan angka kejadian tuberkulosis terbanyak di Makassar. Terjadi peningkatan kasus baru tuberkulosis dari 65 kasus pada tahun 2012 menjadi 67 kasus pada tahun 2013. Peningkatan ini disertai temuan bahwa beberapa penderita tidak menuntaskan pengobatan hingga 6 bulan. Perilaku ini beresiko meningkatkan penularan tuberkolosis dan kasus tuberkolosis multi drug resistence di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Panambungan. Diperlukan analisis masalah terlebih dahulu untuk merancang pengambangan komunikasi kesehatan dalam penanggulangan tuberkolosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji masalah perilaku ketidakpatuhan penderita menuntaskan pengobatan tuberkolosis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dengan mempelajari kasus serupa pada informan terpilih. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi perilaku penderita, studi dokumen puskemas dan wawancara mendalam. Infroman yang dipilih sebanyak 9 orang dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian lalai minum obat disertai dengan kemunculan terminologi sembuh menurut penderita tuberkolosis. Menurut penderita tuberkolosis, sembuh dari penyakit tersebut adalah kondisi tubuh penderita mengalami penurunan batuk dan merasa sehat. Persepsi ini menyebabkan penderita tidak mau melanjutkan pengobatan. Berdasarkan penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa kejadian putus minum obat sebelum enam bulan atau tidak patuh minum obat dipengaruhi oleh persepsi penderita yang keliru memahami konsep sembuh tuberkolosis.
Measurement of Rat Brain Kynurenine Aminotransferase at Physiological Kynurenine Concentrations (1991)

The production of the neuroinhibitory and neuroprotective metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) was investigated in rat brain by examining its biosynthetic enzyme, kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT). By using physiological (low micromolar) concentrations of the substrate L-kynurenine (KYN) and by determining the irreversible conversion of [3H]KYN to [3H]KYNA as a measure of KAT activity, a novel, simple, and sensitive assay was developed which permitted the detailed characterization of the enzyme. Only a single protein, which under routine assay conditions showed approximately equal activity with 2-oxoglutarate and pyruvate as the aminoacceptor, was found in rat brain. The enzyme was distributed heterogeneously between the nine brain regions studied, with the KAT-rich olfactory bulb displaying approximately five times higher activity than the cerebellum, the area with lowest KAT activity. In subcellular fractionation studies, the majority of KAT was recovered in mitochondria. In contrast to many known aminotransferases, partially purified KAT was shown to be highly substrate-specific. Thus, of the amino acids tested, only alpha-aminoadipate and tryptophan displayed moderate competition with KYN. Notably, 3-hydroxykynurenine, reportedly a very good substrate of KAT, competed rather poorly with KYN as well. Aminooxyacetic acid, a nonspecific transaminase inhibitor, blocked KAT activity with an apparent Ki of 5 microM. Kinetic analyses with partially purified rat brain KAT revealed a Km of 17 microM for KYN with 1 mM 2-oxoglutarate, but a much higher Km (910 microM) with 1 mM pyruvate. Km values for 2-oxoglutarate and pyruvate were 150 and 160 microM, respectively. The cellular localization of KAT was examined in striatal homogenates obtained from rats 7 days after an intrastriatal injection of quinolinate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Dithienylthienothiadiazole-based organic dye containing two cyanoacrylic acid anchoring units for dye-sensitized solar cells (2012)

A new dithienylthienothiadiazole-based organic dye (D) was synthesized by a seven-step synthetic route for use as a sensitizer in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The dye contains a dithienylthienothiadiazole central unit and two cyanoacrylic acid anchoring side groups. Optical and electrochemical properties of D were evaluated. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations were carried out. A favorable electronic excitation from the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) indicated that the dye can be used as a sensitizer for DSSC applications. The photovoltaic properties of laboratory scale optimized DSSCs sensitized with D showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.22%, which was further improved to 5.47% upon the addition of chenodeoxylic acid (CDCA) as a coadsorbant.
Design and implementation of a Macintosh-CAMAC based system for neutral beam diagnostics (2003)

An automated personal computer-based CAMAC data-acquisition system is being implemented on the DIII-D neutral beamlines for certain diagnostics. The waterflow calorimetry (WFC) diagnostic is the first system to be upgraded. It acquires data with a Macintosh II computer containing an IEEE-488 card, and uses LabView software. Macintosh communicates with CAMAC through an IEEE-488 crate controller. The Doppler-shift spectroscopy, residual gas analysis, and armor-tile infrared image diagnostics will be modified in similar ways. To reduce the demand for Macintosh CPU time, the extensive serial highway data activity is performed by means of a new Kinetic Systems 3982 list-sequencing crate controller dedicated to these operations. A simple local area network file server is used to store data from all diagnostics together, and in a format readable by a standard commercial database. This reduces the problem of redundant data storage and allows simpler interdiagnostic analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Estudo das relações entre as organizações prestadores de cuidados de saúde (em Portugal) e os seus fornecedores (2008)

Neste artigo propomo-nos apresentar os resultados de uma investigação onde se estudou o relacionamento entre\nas organizações prestadoras de cuidados de saúde e os seus fornecedores. Estes resultados são uma parte de uma\ninvestigação mais global abordando as questões da Gestão do Aprovisionamento nos Hospitais Públicos Portugueses. Os dados foram recolhidos através de um questionário com perguntam predominantemente fechadas e algumas abertas. Foram estudados os hospitais públicos não especializados, dadas as características específicas e similaridades, nomeadamente no que diz respeito ao tipo de produtos consumidos e estruturas que possuem, e o peso significativo que têm no panorama da saúde em Portugal. Foram também identificados três clusters de Hospitais em função das práticas de aquisição de materiais. Os resultados mostraram que os hospitais possuem diferentes estruturas (são de diferentes tipos) e que existe um conjunto de características que distinguem os Hospitais Distritais, dos Centrais e dos Centros Hospitalares, em termos do seu relacionamento com os seus fornecedores. A análise dos clusters identificados permitiu verificar que, existe um conjunto de variáveis definidoras do relacionamento dos hospitais com seus fornecedores, cujo comportamento está estatisticamente relacionado com tipos de contrato utilizadas nas aquisições de materiais.
Functional bracing of fractures of the shaft of the humerus (1977)

We treated fifty-one cases of fracture of the shaft of the humerus with a functional method of treatment consisting of a plastic sleeve, individually molded or prefabricated. It maintained good alignment of the fragments and permitted rapid and uninterrupted osteogenesis. The early introduction of functional activity to the entire extremity appears to provide a desirable physiological environment conducive to rapid healing. Non-unions have not been encountered in nonpathological fractures. Healing time has been rapid, and there has been consistent restoration of motion of all joints prior to the completion of healing. The morbidity was minimum.
Intrusion detection: network security beyond the firewall (1998)

BEFORE INTRUSION DETECTION: TRADITIONAL COMPUTER SECURITY. Intrusion Detection and the Classic Security Model. The Role of Identification and Authentication in Your Environment. The Role of Access Control in Your Environment. Traditional Network Security Approaches. INTRUSION DETECTION: BEYOND TRADITIONAL SECURITY. Intrusion Detection and Why You Need It. Detecting Intruders on Your System Is Fun and Easy. Vulnerability Scanners. UNIX System-Level IDSs. Sniffing for Intruders. Intrusion Detection for NT. ROUNDING OUT YOUR ENVIRONMENT. You've Been Hit!. Intrusion Detection: Not the Last Chapter When It Comes To Security. Appendix. References. Index.
Interactive rendering of optical effects in wet hair (2007)

Visually, wet hair is easily distinguishable from dry hair because of the increased highlights and intense darkening displayed by them. It is therefore essential for realism to capture these characteristics under certain real world conditions. In this regard we propose a model for rendering wet hair at interactive rates. We start by analyzing the physical aspect behind this special effect in hair and then present a model for incorporating the variations in visual appearance of the hair due to presence of water. For simulating the increased specularity because of the water layer on hair, we present a parameter controlled Gaussian-based model. To simulate darkening in hair, for outer hair we consider total internal reflection at water-hair interface as dominant and propose a probabilistic approach to determine the amount of light absorbed. For inner hair, we consider that increase in opacity due to water results in stronger self-shadow and propose a model that updates the opacities based on water content and accumulates them to calculate the self-shadow term. By preprocessing and optimising our algorithm both for the self-shadow in dry hair and the special effects due to water presence, we can get visually pleasing results at interactive rates. Furthermore, the model is highly versatile and can easily be adaptable to other liquids and hair styling products.
Highly Efficient Ligands for Dihydrofolate Reductase from <i>Cryptosporidium </i><i>hominis</i> and <i>Toxoplasma </i><i>gondii</i> Inspired by Structural Analysis (2007)

The search for effective therapeutics for cryptosporidiosis and toxoplasmosis has led to the discovery of novel inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) that possess high ligand efficiency: compounds with high potency and low molecular weight. Detailed analysis of the crystal structure of dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase from Cryptosporidium hominis and a homology model of DHFR from Toxoplasma gondii inspired the synthesis of a new series of compounds with a propargyl-based linker between a substituted 2,4-diaminopyrimidine and a trimethoxyphenyl ring. An enantiomerically pure compound in this series exhibits IC50 values of 38 and 1 nM against C. hominis and T. gondii DHFR, respectively. Improvements of 368-fold or 5714-fold (C. hominis and T. gondii) relative to trimethoprim were generated by synthesizing just 14 new analogues and by adding only a total of 52 Da to the mass of the parent compound, creating an efficient ligand as an excellent candidate for further study.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks for CO<sub>2</sub> Chemical Transformations (2016)

Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub> ), as the primary greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, triggers a series of environmental and energy related problems in the world. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop multiple methods to capture and convert CO<sub>2</sub> into useful chemical products, which can significantly improve the environment and promote sustainable development. Over the past several decades, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown outstanding heterogeneous catalytic activity due in part to their high internal surface area and chemical functionalities. These properties and the ability to synthesize MOF platforms allow experiments to test structure-function relationships for transforming CO<sub>2</sub> into useful chemicals. Herein, recent developments are highlighted for MOFs participating as catalysts for the chemical fixation and photochemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> . Finally, opportunities and challenges facing MOF catalysts are discussed in this ongoing research area.
Methanolysis Products of Disorazole A<sub>1</sub> (2005)

Two new disorazole analogues were synthesized by acid-promoted methanolysis of disorazole A1 (1). Structural elucidation of both products (2 and 3), through 1D and 2D NMR experiments, verified that each resulted from epoxide cleavage. With antiproliferative activities in susceptible cell lines comparable to that of disorazole A1, these methanolysis products indicate that the C-9-C-10 epoxide is not an essential structural component for biological activity.
Surface Characterization of Biocidal Polyurethane Modifiers Having Poly(3,3-substituted)oxetane Soft Blocks with Alkylammonium Side Chains (2008)

This paper focuses on surface characterization of P[ AB] copolyoxetane soft block polyurethanes having either fluorous (3FOx, -CH2OCH 2CF3) or PEG-like (ME2Ox, -CH2(OCH2CH2) 2OCH3), A side chains and alkylammonium, B side chains. Physical surface characterization data were analyzed in light of the previously observed order of antimicrobial effectiveness for a set of four surface modifiers. Ample physical evidence for surface concentration of fluorous 2 wt % P[ AB]-polyurethane modifiers was obtained from XPS, contact angles, ATR-IR spectroscopy, and TM-AFM. In TM-AFM phase imaging, the most effective biocidal surface modifier, 2 wt % HMDI-BD(30)/P[(3FOx)(C12)-0.89:0.11]-PU, showed a nanoscale phase-separated structure consisting of 200 nm domains with background features about 10 times smaller. Despite similar surface characterization data, the 2 wt % fluorous C6 analog ranked third in contact biocidal effectiveness. Physical evidence for surface concentration of 2 wt % P[(ME2Ox)(C12)-0.86:0.14]-PU was modest, considering that antimicrobial effectiveness was second only to 2 wt % HMDI-BD(30)/P[(3FOx)(C12)-0.89:0.11]-PU. In this set of surface modifiers, nanoscale morphology is largely driven by the fluorous component, whereas antimicrobial effectiveness is more strongly influenced by alkylammonium chain length. The effect of alkylammonium side chain length on surface concentration and antimicrobial behavior is more pronounced for ME2Ox polyurethanes compared to the 3FOx analogs.
Shelf-Life of Pasteurized Process Cheese Spreads Made from Cheddar Cheese Manufactured with a Nisin-Producing Starter Culture (1993)

Cheddar cheese made with a nisin-producing starter culture and Cheddar cheese made with a commercially available starter culture were used to manufacture pasteurized process cheese spreads at low and high moisture percentages (53 and 60%, respectively). Composition did not differ between spreads of similar moisture content with and without nisin. The nisin contents of cheese spreads were 301 and 387 IU/g at the high and low moisture percentages, respectively. Nisin was not inactivated by the thermal process used during cheese spread manufacture. Shelf-life of pasteurized process cheese spreads was determined during storage at 22 and 37 degrees C. Low moisture cheese spreads with nisin had a longer shelf-life than corresponding cheese spreads without nisin when cheeses were incubated at either temperature. High moisture cheese spreads with nisin had a longer shelf-life than control spreads when cheeses were incubated at 22 degrees C. However, shelf-life did not differ between high moisture spread with nisin and cheese spreads without nisin when cheeses were incubated at 37 degrees C.
Immunopotentiation by orally-administered Quillaja saponins: effects in mice vaccinated intraperitoneally against rabies. (1988)

Orally fed Quillaja saponins amplified the immunopotentiating ability of an intraperitoneally (IP) administered inactivated rabies vaccine in mice. The number of animals surviving rabies infection was markedly higher (90-100%) in groups of animals receiving a combined treatment of oral saponin (SAP) and IP vaccine, compared to groups receiving vaccine alone (25%), or to unimmunized mice (0%). Antibody production was significantly higher in animals fed SAP 2 weeks after primary or secondary sensitization with an IP-injected vaccine. In mice given 2 IP doses of vaccine, 1 week apart, simultaneous feeding of SAP resulted in an enhanced production of rabies-specific (whole Ig) antibodies. On the other hand, animals preconditioned with SAP 3 days prior to administration of the vaccine exhibited greatly increased IgG antibody levels. Moreover, SAP-preconditioned mice vaccinated with a very low dosage produced significantly higher levels of antibodies.
Exercise, age and the development of the myocardial vasculature. (1984)

Previous studies in experimental animals have indicated that physical activity can increase the extent of the myocardial vasculature but the optimal age, intensity, and duration of exercise that cause such modifications is not yet clear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of varying exercise intensity and duration on the myocardial vasculature of both prepubescent and postpubescent rats. Prepubescent animals were trained for 3 or 6 weeks at either a high or low exercise intensity beginning at 3 weeks of age. Postpubescent animals were trained in a similar manner beginning at 14 weeks of age. The high intensity exercise program administered prepubertally resulted in a significant increase in both the capillary density (25%) and the capillary to fibre ratio. The low intensity exercise program did not cause any modifications of the myocardial capillary density in the pre-pubescent animals. Postpubertally the high intensity 3 week exercise program caused a significant increase in the capillary density but no change in the capillary to fibre ratio. The low intensity exercise program did result in a significant degree of myocardial hypertrophy with a concomitant increase in capillary proliferation sufficient to maintain a constant capillary density. The results indicate that there may be a critical age related range of exercise intensity that is conducive to proliferation of the myocardial capillaries.