gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Substrate Specificity of αvβ3Integrin-mediated Cell Migration and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/AKT Pathway Activation (2000)

The alpha(v)beta(3) integrin has been shown to bind several ligands, including osteopontin and vitronectin. Its role in modulating cell migration and downstream signaling pathways in response to specific extracellular matrix ligands has been investigated in this study. Highly invasive prostate cancer PC3 cells that constitutively express alpha(v)beta(3) adhere and migrate on osteopontin and vitronectin in an alpha(v)beta(3)-dependent manner. However, exogenous expression of alpha(v)beta(3) in noninvasive prostate cancer LNCaP (beta(3)-LNCaP) cells mediates adhesion and migration on vitronectin but not on osteopontin. Activation of alpha(v)beta(3) by epidermal growth factor stimulation is required to mediate adhesion to osteopontin but is not sufficient to support migration on this substrate. We show that alpha(v)beta(3)-mediated cell migration requires activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase)/protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) pathway since wortmannin, a PI 3-kinase inhibitor, prevents PC3 cell migration on both osteopontin and vitronectin; furthermore, alpha(v)beta(3) engagement by osteopontin and vitronectin activates the PI 3-kinase/AKT pathway. Migration of beta(3)-LNCaP cells on vitronectin also occurs through activation of the PI 3-kinase pathway; however, AKT phosphorylation is not increased upon engagement by osteopontin. Furthermore, phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), known to support cell migration in beta(3)-LNCaP cells, is detected on both substrates. Thus, in PC3 cells, alpha(v)beta(3) mediates cell migration and PI 3-kinase/AKT pathway activation on vitronectin and osteopontin; in beta(3)-LNCaP cells, alpha(v)beta(3) mediates cell migration and PI 3-kinase/AKT pathway activation on vitronectin, whereas adhesion to osteopontin does not support alpha(v)beta(3)-mediated cell migration and PI 3-kinase/AKT pathway activation. We conclude therefore that alpha(v)beta(3) exists in multiple functional states that can bind either selectively vitronectin or both vitronectin and osteopontin and that can differentially activate cell migration and intracellular signaling pathways in a ligand-specific manner.
THE EVOLUTION, FUNCTIONING AND BREAKDOWN OF HETEROMORPHIC INCOMPATIBILITY SYSTEMS. I. THE PLUMBAGINACEAE (1966)

Journal Article THE EVOLUTION, FUNCTIONING AND BREAKDOWN OF HETEROMORPHIC INCOMPATIBILITY SYSTEMS. I. THE PLUMBAGINACEAE Get access H. G. Baker H. G. Baker Department of Botany University of California Berkeley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Evolution, Volume 20, Issue 3, 1 September 1966, Pages 349–368, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1966.tb03371.x Published: 01 September 1966 Article history Accepted: 31 March 1966 Published: 01 September 1966
Feedback Theory-Further Properties of Signal Flow Graphs (1956)

A way to enhance Writing gain at a glance. Dr. Tustin extended Proof appended. Examples illustrative Pray not frustrative.
Reducing the number of iterations in iterative demodulation with turbo decoding (2011)

International audience
Localization of the regions on the C-terminal domain of the heavy chain of botulinum toxin a recognized by t lymphocytes and by antibodies after immunization of mice with pentavalent toxoid (1997)

We have mapped the regions recognized by T and/or B cells (Abs) on the C-terminal domain (Hc) of the heavy chain of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) after immunization of two inbred mouse strains with pentavalent toxoid (BoNTs A, B, C, D and E). Using a set of synthetic overlapping peptides, encompassing the entire Hc domain (residues 855-1296), we demonstrated that T cells of Balb/c (H-2d) mice, primed with one injection of toxoid, recognized two major regions within residues 897-915 and 939-957. After multiple inoculations with toxoid, T cells of Balb/c expanded their recognition ability and responded very well to challenge with peptide 1261-1279 and moderately to stimulation with peptide 1149-1167. Unlike Balb/c T cells, those of toxoid-primed SJL (H-2s) mice exhibited a more complex profile and responded to challenge with a large number of overlapping peptides. After one toxoid injection, however, three peptides, 897-915, 939-957/953-971 overlap and 1051-1069, were the most potent T cells stimulators. After three toxoid injections, peptides 897-915 and 1051-1069 remained immunodominant while the third region was shifted upstream to 925-943/939-957 overlap. The immunodominant epitope within peptide 897-915 was recognized exclusively by T cells, since no Abs were detected against this region. The Ab binding profiles of the two mouse strains were quite similar, showing only small quantitative differences. Both, Balb/c and SJL anti-toxoid Abs displayed strong binding mainly to peptide 1177-1195, followed by peptides 869-887/883-901 overlap and 1275-1296. In addition, a significant amount of Balb/c anti-toxoid Abs was bound to peptide 1135-1153. Unlike Balb/c Abs, that interacted weakly with peptides 995-1013 and 1051-1069, the anti-toxoid Abs of SJL mice exhibited strong binding toward both peptides. The results showed that, in a given strain, the regions recognized by anti-toxoid Abs and T cells may coincide or may be uniquely B or T cell determinants.
Extent of Nicotine and Cotinine Transfer to the Human Fetus, Placenta and Amniotic Fluid of Smoking Mothers (1985)

Nicotine and cotinine concentrations were measured in placental tissue during the first trimester, in amniotic fluid during the second trimester and in placental tissue and fetal serum at birth. These values were compared to the corresponding serum concentrations of the smoking mothers. Nicotine concentrations in the placentas (range 3.3-28 ng/g), in amniotic fluid (range 1.5-23 ng/ml) and in fetal serum (range 0.5-25 ng/ml) were all higher than the corresponding maternal serum values: amniotic fluid/maternal vein serum concentration ratio 1.54 +/- (SD) 0.27 (n = 23; week 16-24 of gestation), umbilical vein serum/maternal vein serum ratio 1.12 +/- 0.30 (n = 26; at birth); placental tissue/maternal vein serum ratio 2.58 +/- 1.30 (n = 17; at birth); these ratios were between 1.2 and 5 during week 10 of gestation (n = 3). The ratios did not depend on the time between the last cigarette smoked and sampling. Significant correlations were found between nicotine concentrations in amniotic fluid and maternal serum (r = 0.88), between fetal and maternal serum levels (r = 0.88) and between placental and maternal serum levels (r = 0.52). Cotinine concentrations in placental tissue (range 10-131 ng/g), amniotic fluid (range 5-188 ng/ml) and fetal serum (range 15-233 ng/ml) were lower than or similar to corresponding maternal serum levels. Our results indicate that the human fetus is exposed to higher nicotine concentrations that the smoking mothers.
Nafion®-stabilised Pt/C electrocatalysts with efficient catalyst layer ionomer distribution for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (2012)

We report a facile method for the preparation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) electrocatalysts from Nafion®-stabilised colloidal Pt nanoparticles (Nafion®-Pt/C), offering synthetically-directed formation of the Pt-ionomer interface and providing unprecedented control over the morphology of Pt particles on the carbon support. Electrochemical characterisation of the catalysts in aqueous acidic electrolytes using Rotating Disc Electrode (RDE) techniques revealed that Nafion®-Pt/C catalysts possessed similar specific activity and mass activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) as commercial Pt/C catalysts, whilst requiring lower overall ionomer loadings. Combined with the near-100% utilisation measured for the Nafion®-Pt/C catalysts, this implies that Pt nanoparticles synthesised with Nafion® as a stabiliser can be ‘tuned’ to have simultaneous access to the reactant gas, the electron conducting carbon support and the proton conducting polymer electrolyte in the catalyst layer, thereby optimising the triple-phase reaction zone. By taking advantage of this bottom-up approach, which allows nanoscale control of the Nafion®–Pt–carbon interface, new opportunities exist to lower the Pt loading and the cost of the fuel cell.
GM1 ganglioside treatment of Parkinson's disease (1995)

We performed an open-label study testing the effects of GM1 ganglioside on 10 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Patients received 1,000 mg of GM1 by IV infusion after the last of three baseline functional assessments. Patients then self-administered GM1 at a dose of 200 mg/d, by subcutaneous injection, for 18 weeks. Under these conditions, GM1 ganglioside proved to be safe and well tolerated. There were no serious adverse events and none of the patients developed elevated anti-GM1 antibody titers. Improvements on at least some functional measures were present in most patients, beginning after 4 to 8 weeks of GM1 treatment. When functional improvements occurred, they lasted for the duration of the study. These results suggest that GM1 ganglioside is well tolerated and may be a useful adjunct to the treatment of PD, and that a double-blind, placebo-controlled study is now warranted.
A hydrogen-sensitive Pd-gate MOS transistor (1975)

An n-channel MOS transistor with palladium gate was fabricated. The threshold voltage of this transistor was found to depend on the partial pressure of hydrogen in the ambient atmosphere. At a device temperature of 150 °C, 10 ppm hydrogen in air is easily detected, and in nitrogen or argon the sensitivity is considerably larger. A model, based on hydrogen adsorption on the palladium–silicon dioxide interface, is proposed. This model explains the device behavior and is also able to predict the absolute sensitivity for hydrogen in argon.
JOHN COVID-19 Employee Exposure Tracking (2020)

We iteratively built a data entry and dashboarding platform that has enabled JOHN to track over 2,500 employees exposed to COVID-19 or at high risk of exposure to COVID-19.
The Production and Focusing of Intense Positive Ion Beams (1935)

Based on a suggestion by Dr. F. L. Mohler, a high intensity source of positive ions utilizing a gaseous low voltage arc constricted by a metal capillary has been developed. With 250 watts input and 10-cc gas flow per hour, this source delivers controllable positive ion currents up to 1.5 milliamperes through a probe canal 1 mm in diameter. The focusing of weak and intense positive ion beams by various electrostatic lens arrangements has been empirically investigated, giving additional data on quantitative design concerning the multiple section high voltage tubes long in use in the laboratory of the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, and indicating the requirements met in delivering the total ion current from the source onto a target at the far end of such a tube.
Endogenous receptor-bound urokinase mediates tissue invasion of the human lung carcinoma cell lines A549 and Calu-1. (1992)

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) increases the tissue invasive potential of the CSF-1 receptor-bearing lung carcinoma cell lines A549 and Calu-1 by increasing the number of endogenously bound urokinase-type plasminogen activators (u-PA)s on these cells. CSF-1, at concentrations which optimize invasion of A549 and Calu-1 cells into human amnion membranes (250 ng/ml), maximally augments the number of u-PA receptors occupied by endogenously produced urokinase. Preincubation of A549 and Calu-1 cells with the anti-u-PA monoclonal antibody MPW5UK (25 micrograms/ml) or with a 20- to 40-fold stoichiometric excess of fluid phase type 2 plasminogen activator inhibitor abrogates invasiveness, indicating that functionally active cell surface u-PA is essential for tissue invasion. In contrast, fluid phase type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1, 5-15 units/ml) does not inhibit invasiveness unless preincubated with the amnion membranes. Inhibition of invasion by PAI-1 is abolished by presaturating the amnion membranes with antiitronectin monoclonal antibody (10 micrograms/ml) which prevents binding of PAI-1 to tissue-associated vitronectin. Binding of PAI-1 to tissue vitronectin is therefore a prerequisite for its inhibitory action. Thus, endogenously receptor-bound u-PA is the primary protease mediating CSF-1-induced tissue invasiveness of the lung carcinoma cell lines A549 and Calu-1.
Amyloid proteins and amyloidosis in domestic animals (1996)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKey Words: AMYLOIDDOMESTIC ANIMALS (DOG, CAT CATTLE, HORSE, GOAT SHEEP PIG)
Mucosal Vaccination against Serogroup B Meningococci: Induction of Bactericidal Antibodies and Cellular Immunity following Intranasal Immunization with NadA of <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> and Mutants of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Heat-Labile Enterotoxin (2004)

Conjugated polysaccharide vaccines protect against serogroup C meningococci. However, this approach cannot be applied to serogroup B, which is still a major cause of meningitis. We evaluated the immunogenicity of three surface-exposed proteins from serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis (App, NhhA, and NadA) identified during whole-genome sequencing. Mice were immunized intranasally with individual proteins in the presence of wild-type Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LTwt), LTR72, a partially inactivated mutant, or LTK63, a completely nontoxic mutant, as the adjuvant. Each of the meningococcal proteins induced significant cellular responses; NhhA and NadA induced strong antibody responses, but only NadA induced bactericidal antibody when administered intranasally with mucosal adjuvants. In addition, immunoglobulin A and bactericidal antibodies were detected in the respiratory tract following intranasal delivery of NadA. Analysis of antigen-specific cytokine production by T cells from immunized mice revealed that intranasal immunization with NadA alone failed to generate detectable cellular immune responses. In contrast, LTK63, LTR72, and LTwt significantly augmented NadA-specific gamma interferon, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-10 production by spleen and lymph node cells, suggesting that both Th1 and Th2 cells were induced in vivo. The strongest cellular responses and highest bactericidal antibody titers were generated with LTR72 as the adjuvant. These findings demonstrate that the quality and magnitude of the immune responses generated by mucosal vaccines are influenced by the antigen as well as the adjuvant and suggest that nasal delivery of NadA with mucosal adjuvants has considerable potential in the development of a mucosal vaccine against serogroup B meningococci.
Hydroxylated Polymethoxyflavones and Methylated Flavonoids in Sweet Orange (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) Peel (2006)

Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) from citrus genus have been of particular interest because of their broad spectrum of biological activities, including antiinflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antiatherogenic properties. There have been increasing interests in the exploration of health beneficial properties of PMFs in citrus fruits. Therefore, the isolation and characterization of PMFs from sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel will lead to new applications of the byproducts from orange juice processes and other orange consumption in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products. In our study, eight hydroxylated PMFs, six PMFs, one polymethoxyflavanone, one hydroxylated polymethoxyflavanone, and two hydroxylated polymethoxychalcones were isolated from sweet orange peel and their structures were elucidated by various MS, UV, and different NMR techniques. Some of the hydroxylated PMFs and chalcones are newly isolated from sweet orange peel.
Enzymology of l-Tyrosine Biosynthesis in Mung Bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i> [L.] Wilczek) (1979)

The enzymes of the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (prephenate dehydrogenase and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate aminotransferase) and pretyrosine (prephenate aminotransferase and pretyrosine dehydrogenase) pathways of l-tyrosine biosynthesis were partially purified from mung bean (Vigna radiata [L.] Wilczek) seedlings. NADP-dependent prephenate dehydrogenase and pretyrosine dehydrogenase activities coeluted from ion exchange, adsorption, and gel-filtration columns, suggesting that a single protein (52,000 daltons) catalyzes both reactions. The ratio of the activities of partially purified prephenate to pretyrosine dehydrogenase was constant during all purification steps as well as after partial inactivation caused by p-hydroxymercuribenzoic acid or heat. The activity of prephenate dehydrogenase, but not of pretyrosine dehydrogenase, was inhibited by l-tyrosine at nonsaturating levels of substrate. The K(m) values for prephenate and pretyrosine were similar, but the specific activity with prephenate was 2.9 times greater than with pretyrosine.Two peaks of aromatic aminotransferase activity utilizing l-glutamate or l-aspartate as amino donors and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, phenylpyruvate, and/or prephenate as keto acid substrates were eluted from DEAE-cellulose. Of the three keto acid substrates, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate was preferentially utilized by 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate aminotransferase whereas prephenate was best utilized by prephenate aminotransferase. The identity of a product of prephenate aminotransferase as pretyrosine following reaction with prephenate was established by thin layer chromatography of the dansyl-derivative.
PRODUCTION OF ANOVULATORY, STERILE RATS BY SINGLE INJECTIONS OF TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE<sup>1</sup> (1961)

The current investigation studies the effect of a single injection of androgen in the prcpubertal female rat on subsequent development of the endocrine system. A single subcutaneous injection of 1.25 mg. of testosterone propionate was administered to 2, 5, 10 or 20 day old female rats. The animals were allowed to mature to 100 days of age and then were either autopsied or tested for fertility. At autopsy, adrenal and pituitary weights were significantly larger than littermate controls in rats treated at 2 or 5 days of age. No difference in adrenal, pituitary or uterine weight was observed in rats treated at 10 or 20 days of age. Ovarian and uterine weights were markedly smaller in animals injected at 2 or 5 days of age, but not in animals treated at 20 days of age. The 10 day injected group assumed an intermediate position. Corpora lutea were absent from the ovaries of the 2 and 5 day injected groups and from 4 of 10 rats treated at 10 days of age when autopsied at 100 days of age. Breeding studies revealed that administration of androgen at 2 or 5 days of age induced permanent sterility in all animals and in 4 of 10 rats treated at 10 days of age. All animals injected at 20 days of age bore normal litters. It is suggested from these experiments that an androgen-sensitive period exists between birth and the tenth day of age.
Organometallic Compounds of the Lanthanides. 157 [1] The Molecular Structure of Tris(trimethylsilylmethyl)samarium, -erbium, -ytterbium, and -lutetium (2002)

SmCl3 reacts with Me3SiCH2Li in THF yielding Sm(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)3 (1). The single crystal X-ray structural analyses of 1, Er(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 (2), Yb(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 (3), and Lu(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 (4) show the Sm atom in a fac-octahedral coordination and the heavier lanthanides Er, Yb, and Lu trigonal bipyramidally coordinated with the three alkyl ligands in equatorial and two THF molecules in axial positions. Metallorganische Verbindungen der Lanthanoide. 157 [1] Die Molekülstruktur von Tris(trimethylsilylmethyl)samarium, -erbium, -ytterbium und -lutetium SmCl3 reagiert mit Me3SiCH2Li in THF unter Bildung von Sm(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)3 (1). Die Einkristall röntgenstrukturanalysen von 1, Er(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 (2), Yb(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 (3) und Lu(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 (4) zeigen das Sm Atom fac-oktaedrisch und die schweren Lanthanoide Er, Yb und Lu trigonal bipyramidal koordiniert mit den drei Alkylliganden in äquatorialer und zwei THF Molekülen in axialer Position.
In the Male Brown‐Norway (BN) Male Rat, Reproductive Aging Is Associated With Decreased LH‐Pulse Amplitude and Area (1997)

The Brown-Norway (BN) rat has been proposed as a rodent model for the study of human male reproductive aging. As in man, reduction in serum or plasma testosterone (T) and both testicular (primary) and hypothalamic-pituitary (secondary) reproductive dysfunction have been associated with aging in male BN rats. However, the presence of secondary testicular failure in this rodent, as indicated by low serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, needs further corroboration. The present study was designed to determine whether age-related differences in the pulsatile patterns of pituitary LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion occur in gonad-intact male BN rats. Three age groups were examined: young (3-4 months), middle aged (12-13 months), and old (21-22 months). Using intra-atrial cannulae, serial 5-minute blood samples were withdrawn from conscious, unrestrained animals. Plasma LH concentrations were determined by a supersensitive immunofluorometric assay (FIA) and FSH and T by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Mean T levels were different among groups (young > middle age > old). In young rats, T levels were higher in the late morning/early afternoon than in the late afternoon: this variation was not found in older rats. Mean FSH concentrations were higher in the old than in the middle-aged and young rats. Significant differences in mean LH levels were not found among groups. Compared to young rats, shortened pulse interval and reduced area of pulses characterized the secretory pattern of both gonadotropins in old rats. In addition, LH-pulse amplitude and total area of LH pulses were also significantly lower in old than in young rats. Besides the well-recognized primary testicular failure that occurs in the old BN rat, this study confirms a hypothalamic-pituitary deficiency that makes this rodent model ideal for studying human male reproductive aging.
Experimental transmission of hydropericardium syndrome and protection against it in commercial broiler chickens (1990)

Liver collected aseptically from broiler chickens suffering from natural outbreaks of hydropericardium syndrome was homogenised in phosphate buffered saline (1:5) or normal saline (1:10). A dose of 0.25 ml of 800 g supernatant (inoculum S) in the first case or homogenate without centrifugation (inoculum T) in the second case was injected subcutaneously into 12- to 15-day-old broiler chickens. Lesions similar to natural outbreaks of the syndrome appeared in 2 to 5 days. Inoculum S inactivated with 0.1% formalin for 24 h (Vac S) or inoculum T inactivated with 0.5% formalin for 72 h (Vac T) was injected into commercial broiler chickens at 10 or 15 days of age. The birds were challenged with inoculum S or inoculum T at 20 or 25 days of age. Experimentally both vaccines gave satisfactory protection, but under field conditions, Vac T was superior.