gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Independent simultaneous sweeping in Libya‐full scale implementation and new developments (2009)

At the 2008 SEG convention in Las Vegas (Howe, Allen, Jack et al SEG 2008) we reported on a proof of concept of a new acquisition technique called ISS (Independent Simultaneous Sweeping). This paper describes a full scale implementation of this method in Libya, where it is being used to acquire a very large exploration land 3D survey in excess of 13,000 sq.kms Recent developments in recording systems allow for a recording spread to be continually active, which we refer to as continuous recording, although it may be more accurately described as recording of a set of contiguous records. This removes the necessity for real time synchronization of sources and recording systems. As long as the continuously recorded data and the source initiation can both be linked to the same time standard, (e.g. GPS time) the traditional shot records can be combed from the continuous dataset at any later stage. We have used the benefit of continuous recording to operate a large number of sources simultaneously on a large recording spread thereby greatly improving the productivity of land acquisition. In this method all vibrators work independently without any attempt to synchronize their activity, and the underlying principle is that all interference between sources can be treated as ‘noise’. The noise is randomized as much as possible, and a standard suite of noise removal tools is used during processing. The standard noise removal techniques are very effective, however, we recommend the paper by Abma et al which reports inversion techniques that remove the noise in a more deterministic manner, and which may be beneficial for development quality surveys. In our simple and robust approach, there is no apparent limit to the number of sources that can be operated simultaneously, there is no waiting time for any vibrator and very little central control or communication is required. It is very well suited for work in many environments including difficult terrain, where vibrator manoeuvering is slow, or where radio communication is challenged. We demonstrate that this technique can deliver very high fold data at high efficiencies, such that it enables land 3D to be acquired for exploration purposes at costs comparable to marine exploration surveys. We also report the initial results from a field trial of a cable‐less node recording system which, when combined with the efficiency of ISS, has the potential to change the way land seismic crews are configured and operated.
Antitumor effect of oral cisplatin on certain murine tumors. (1985)

The comparative antitumor effects of cisplatin were investigated against several murine tumors after i.p., i.v., and oral administrations. A single administration of cisplatin could significantly inhibit the growth of both L1210 and P388 leukemias, and EL-LP-12 tumors under the conditions used. Oral cisplatin was tested against EL-LP-12 in combination with 6 other antitumor drugs. Cisplatin was inhibitory in binary combination with mitomycin C, vinblastine, 5-fluorouracil, carmustine (BCNU), and cyclophosphamide. In particular, the drug combined with either BCNU or cyclophosphamide showed marked therapeutic synergism.
Trait Variation in Yeast Is Defined by Population History (2011)

A fundamental goal in biology is to achieve a mechanistic understanding of how and to what extent ecological variation imposes selection for distinct traits and favors the fixation of specific genetic variants. Key to such an understanding is the detailed mapping of the natural genomic and phenomic space and a bridging of the gap that separates these worlds. Here we chart a high-resolution map of natural trait variation in one of the most important genetic model organisms, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its closest wild relatives and trace the genetic basis and timing of major phenotype changing events in its recent history. We show that natural trait variation in S. cerevisiae exceeds that of its relatives, despite limited genetic variation, and follows the population history rather than the source environment. In particular, the West African population is phenotypically unique, with an extreme abundance of low-performance alleles, notably a premature translational termination signal in GAL3 that cause inability to utilize galactose. Our observations suggest that many S. cerevisiae traits may be the consequence of genetic drift rather than selection, in line with the assumption that natural yeast lineages are remnants of recent population bottlenecks. Disconcertingly, the universal type strain S288C was found to be highly atypical, highlighting the danger of extrapolating gene-trait connections obtained in mosaic, lab-domesticated lineages to the species as a whole. Overall, this study represents a step towards an in-depth understanding of the causal relationship between co-variation in ecology, selection pressure, natural traits, molecular mechanism, and alleles in a key model organism.
Development and in-vitro evaluation of an optimized carvedilol transdermal therapeutic system using experimental design approach (2013)

The effect of formulation variables on in-vitro release and permeation properties of carvedilol from transdermal patch was studied by varying one factor at a time as preliminary study. Based on these results, design of experiments technique was applied followed by regression analysis and response surface methodology to optimize formulation variables. Central Composite IV model design was used with four formulation variables: drug loading, matrix thickness, adhesive layer thickness, and propylene glycol concentration. Nineteen formulations were prepared according to the design; and the effect of formulation variables was studied on in-vitro release and permeation profiles of these formulations. In all cases, the permeation profiles paralleled in-vitro release profiles. The drug released at 7 h and 24 h was used as release response parameters while permeation flux obtained was employed as permeation response parameter. All four formulation variables were found to be significant for release properties and three of these exhibited significant effect on permeation profile of carvedilol across artificial membrane. Constrained optimization, using 47.9% of cumulative carvedilol released at 7 h and 99.8% at 24 h as well as 25.7 μg/cm2/h of permeation flux, was applied to obtain desired release and permeation profiles. Experimentally, carvedilol was observed to release from the optimized formulation with 51.4% drug release at 7 h and 98.5% at 24 h with an observed flux value of 27.4 μg/cm2/h across artificial membrane, which showed an excellent agreement with the predicted values. The results of this investigation show that the quadratic mathematical model developed could be used to further predict formulations with desirable release and permeation properties.
Locally Welded Silver Nano‐Network Transparent Electrodes with High Operational Stability by a Simple Alcohol‐Based Chemical Approach (2015)

As an indispensable aspect of emerging flexible optoelectronics, flexible transparent electrodes, especially those comprised of metal nanowires, have attracted great attentions recently. Welding the nanowire junctions is an effective strategy for reducing the sheet resistance and improving the operational stability of flexible nanowire electrode in practical applications. Herein, a simple alcohol‐based solution approach is proposed to weld crossed silver nanowires by chemically growing silver “solder” at the junctions of the nanowires, forming transparent silver nano‐network electrodes with improved electrical conductivity and operational stability. Remarkably, silver nano‐networks can be rapidly formed by this simple approach under ambient condition and room temperature, requiring no assistance from heat, light, electrical current, or mechanical pressure. Furthermore, our results show that the nano‐network electrode formed from large diameter nanowires offers a better operational stability, whose trend is opposite to that of the untreated electrodes. To demonstrate the potential application of the highly stable silver nano‐network from large diameter nanowires, organic solar cells fabricated on the nano‐network electrode incorporated with silicon dioxide nanoparticles achieve comparable performance to the ITO control device. Consequently, strategy demonstrated in this work can contribute to low‐cost and highly stable transparent electrodes in emerging flexible optoelectronics.
Ambient Pressure Effect on Single-Bubble Sonoluminescence (1999)

We report the first results on the influence of ambient pressure on single bubble sonoluminescence. The equilibrium radius as well as the maximum radius of the bubble increased as the ambient pressure over the liquid head was decreased. The number of photons emitted during a sonoluminescence pulse increased linearly with a decrease of ambient pressure. These results are in good agreement with the theory of the ambient pressure effect [L. Kondic et al., Phys. Rev. E 57, R32 (1998)] and with the recent dissociation hypothesis.
Water sorptivity of mortars and concretes: a review (1989)

The sorptivity is an easily measured material property which characterizes the tendency of a porous material to absorb and transmit water by capillarity. Its theoretical basis in unsaturated flow theory is reviewed, together with methods of measurement suitable for cement-based materials. Available data on mortars and concretes are included. The dependence of the sorptivity on initial water content, temperature and fluid properties is also described. Other test methods (the initial surface absorption, the Figg water absorption and the Covercrete absorption tests) are discussed in terms of the sorptivity.
High Energy Electron Beam Irradiation: An Advanced Oxidation Process for the Treatment of Aqueous Based Organic Hazardous Wastes (1992)

Abstract Advanced oxidation processes for the removal and destruction of hazardous organic chemicals in water and wastewater is a research area of increasing interest. Advanced oxidation processes generally consider the hydroxyl radical, OH-, the major reactive transient species. A novel process under development, utilizing high energy electrons, extends this concept to include the simultaneous formation of approximately equal concentrations of oxidizing and reducing species. Irradiation of aqueous solutions results in the formation of the aqueous electron, e−aq, hydrogen atoms, H-, and OH-. These reactive transient species initiate chemical reactions capable of destroying organic compounds in aqueous solution. This paper presents data on the removal of six common organic contaminants that have been studied at the Electron Beam Research Facility. The removal and the factors affecting removal were determined. This study focuses on halogenated ethenes, benzene and substituted benzenes. Removal is described in waters of different quality, including potable water, and raw and secondary wastewater. Removal efficiencies ranged from 85 to &gt;99% and varied with water quality, solute concentration, dose and compound.
Current status of ADVACATE process for flue-gas desulfurization. Rept. for Sep 90-Mar 91 (1991)

The paper discusses current bench- and pilot-plant advances in preparation of ADVAnced siliCATE (ADVACATE) calcium silicate sorbents for flue gas desulfurization. It also discusses current bench- and pilot-plant advances in sorbent preparation. Fly ash was ground in a laboratory-scale grinder prior to slurrying in order to decrease the slurrying time needed for the sorbent to be reactive with SO{sub 2}. Reactivity of ADVACATE sorbents with SO{sub 2} in the bench-scale reactor correlated with their surface area. ADVACATE sorbents produced with ground fly ash were evaluated in the 1.42 cu m/min pilot plant, providing 2 s duct residence time. ADVACATE sorbent was produced by slurrying ground fly ash (4.3 micrometer median particle size) with Ca(OH){sub 2} at a weight ratio of 3:1 at 90 C for 3 h to yield solids with 30 wt % of initial free moisture. When this sorbent was injected into the duct with 1500 ppm SO{sub 2} and at 11 C approach to saturation, the measured SO{sub 2} removal was about 60% at a Ca/S stoichiometric ratio of 2.0. Previously, when ADVACATE sorbent was produced at 90 C and at the same fly-ash-to-Ca(OH){sub 2} weight ratio using unground fly ash, removal under the same conditions inmore » the duct was about 50% following 12 h slurrying. The report gives results of pilot-scale recycle tests at the recycle ratio of 2.0. Finally, the report discusses EPA's plans to commercialize ADVACATE.« less
Ring-Opening Polymerization (1985)

The principal purpose of this paper is to provide a suitable introduction to the remaining 25 papers that comprise this book. As mentioned earlier in the Preface, this book is a result of a symposium presented in 1984 under the auspices of the Polymer Division of the American Chemical Society. Most of the speakers at the symposium have chosen to prepare manuscripts to further illustrate the research conducted in their own laboratories. A minority of these speakers chose to publish their work elsewhere. We have in fact been able to publish 26 of the 32 lectures which represents a substantial majority of those presented at the meeting. The range of topics discussed is quite broad and therefore should be of considerable interest to many scientists and engineers in both academic and industrial institutions around the world.
Synergy between penicillin and gentamicin against enterococci (1990)

The role of active uptake in aminoglycoside activity against penicillin-treated enterococci was studied by viable counts and ATP determinations. Penicillin and gentamicin gave synergistic bactericidal and post-antibiotic effects (PAEs) which were partially reduced by sodium azide, an electron transport inhibitor, and totally blocked in the presence of both sodium azide and EDTA, which chelates divalent cations. EDTA and gentamicin showed marked synergy in both 'killing curve' and PAE experiments. This synergy was completely inhibited by sodium azide. The data indicate that the activity of gentamicin against enterococci that have been damaged by penicillin or EDTA is energy-dependent. This is consistent with present theories of gentamicin uptake via transportation drive by a protonmotive force.
Treatment of alcohol dependence with drug antagonists of the stress response (2012)

Alcohol dependence is a chronic relapsing disorder characterized by neuroadaptations that may result in the emergence of negative affective states and stress responses upon discontinuation of alcohol use. Clinical studies have demonstrated that alcohol-dependent people are more sensitive to relapse provoking cues such as alcohol, negative affect, and stress. Moreover, stress relief during protracted abstinence is thought to be a major motivation for excessive alcohol consumption. The relationship between chronic alcohol use, stress, and relapse has implications for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Recent research suggests that neural systems mediating stress responses may offer useful targets for pharmacotherapy of alcoholism.
Biased Agonism of the Angiotensin II Type I Receptor (2015)

Angiotensin II (AngII) type I receptor (AT1R) recognizes AngII, a cardiovascular peptide hormone that acts as a terminal effector of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). AT1R belongs to the rhodopsin-like peptidergic family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and serves as a therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Classically, AT1R was considered to signal only through G proteins. However, recent studies have revealed that AT1R is capable of activating G protein-independent signaling that is mediated by β-arrestins. β-arrestin is a cytosolic scaffold that is recruited to the activated GPCRs. In vitro and ex vivo studies have demonstrated that the activation of the AT1R-β-arrestin pathway stimulates contractility and exerts prosurvival effects in cardiomyocytes. TRV027, a potent synthetic β-arrestin-biased ligand for AT1R, specifically activates AT1R-β-arrestin signaling without stimulating G proteins. In preclinical studies, TRV027 not only produced vasodilation by antagonizing the AT1R-Gαq pathway but also enhanced cardiac performance by activating AT1R-β-arrestin signaling. Because of this unique pharmacological profile, TRV027 is now being evaluated in a phase II clinical trial as a novel therapeutic for acute heart failure (AHF).
Chemotherapy and Cognitive Impairment: Treatment Options (2011)

Chemotherapy has improved survival rates in patients with many of the common cancers. However, there is reliable evidence that, as a result of treatment, a subset of cancer survivors experience cognitive problems that can last for many years after the completion of chemotherapy. The etiology of this phenomenon is largely unknown, and currently there are no proven treatments. This article explores the clinical and preclinical literature on potential therapies for chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments. Emerging results suggest that both pharmacological and behavioral approaches may offer patients some benefits. However, research in this area has been limited and is sometimes fraught with methodological flaws. As a result, it is difficult to draw definite conclusions regarding treatment efficacy. These issues, along with predictors of cognitive decline, are discussed in the light of possible interventions.
A global approach to crew-pairing optimization (1992)

The problem addressed in this paper is crew-pairing optimization in airline flight planning: finding tours of duty (pairings) that are legal and cover every flight leg at the least cost. The legal rules and cost of a pairing are determined by complex Federal Aviation Agency and contractual requirements. In addition, the problem is made more difficult by the hub-and-spoke system used by airlines that multiplies the possible ways a pairing can link flight legs. The state-of-the-art crew-pairing TRIP system of American Airlines uses subproblem optimization and, as is true for other crew-scheduling systems, may not be able to improve a solution even though a better one exists. We report on the methodology developed during a joint study by IBM and American Airlines Decision Technologies to use the IBM Optimization Subroutine Library in conjunction with TRIP to improve on crew-pairing solutions by taking a global approach. The resulting improvements have been a reduction of 5 to 11 percent in excess crew cost. Estimated total savings are five million dollars per year.
Stereoselektive Aldolreaktion mit chiralen sekundären Acetamiden (1986)

Abstract Die deprotonierten Acetamide 4a – c und 5a – c werden an prochirale Carbonylverbindungen addiert. Dabei wird der Einfluß von Lösungsmittel, Temperatur und Enolat‐Gegenion auf das jeweilige Verhältnis der isomeren Produkte 8/9, 18/19 und 26/27 untersucht. Die höchsten Diastereoselektivitäten lassen sich mit dem Titan‐enolat des Amids 4a und dem dreifach deprotonierten N ‐Acetyl‐α‐phenylglycinol ( 5a ) erzielen. Die bei der Addition von 5a an Aldehyde im Überschuß gebildeten Diastereomeren 18a – d können durch einmaliges Umkristallisieren rein erhalten werden und liefern nach alkalischer Hydrolyse die enantiomerenreinen β‐Hydroxycarbonsäuren 3a – d . Dabei wird der chirale Hilfsstoff, α‐Phenylglycinol ( 14 ), zurückgewonnen.
New mono- and bis-intercalating compounds between DNA base pairs. (1993)

With the aim to obtain new bis-intercalating agents in DNA a series of compounds was prepared linking two identical tricyclic moieties (two 4,5'-8-trimethylpsoralen (TMP)) or different (one TMP and one pyrido[3,2-b]quinoline) through a hydrocarburic aminated flexible chai. Bis-psoralen-amines as well as psoralen-pyrydoquinolin-amines were obtained. For comparison the corresponding mono-psoralen-amines were also prepared condensing a TMP moiety with various hydrocarburic aminated chains. Melting profiles of the complexes between bis-psoralen-amines or psoralen-pyridoquinolin-amines and DNA evidence two different thermal transitions, which can be correlated with bis-intercalation which takes place, at least in part, inside duplex DNA. On the other hand mono-psoralen-amines evidenced only one thermal transition, in line with mono-intercalation. Bis-intercalating agents complexed with DNA, under UVA irradiation photoconjugate covalently to the macromolecule, even if to a lower extent in comparison with mono-intercalating agents. Moreover these bis-intercalating agents in the photoreaction with DNA form inter-strand cross-links; also in this case bis-intercalating agents are less active than mono-intercalating agents.
Recombinant <i>Gaussia</i> Luciferase. Overexpression, Purification, and Analytical Application of a Bioluminescent Reporter for DNA Hybridization (2002)

The cDNA for Gaussia luciferase (GLuc), the enzyme responsible for the bioluminescent reaction of the marine copepod Gaussia princeps, has been cloned recently. GLuc (MW = 19 900) catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of coelenterazine to produce coelenteramide and light. We report the first quantitative anaytical study of GLuc and examine its potential as a new reporter for DNA hybridization. A plasmid encoding both a biotin acceptor peptide-GLuc fusion protein as well as the enzyme biotin protein ligase (BPL) is engineered by using GLuc cDNA as a starting template. BPL catalyzes the covalent attachment of a single biotin to the fusion protein in vivo. Purification of GLuc is then accomplished by affinity chromatography using immobilized monomeric avidin. Moreover, the in vivo biotinylation enables subsequent complexation of GLuc with streptavidin (SA), thereby avoiding chemical conjugation reactions that are known to inactivate luciferases. Purified GLuc can be detected down to 1 amol with a signal-to-background ratio of 2 and a linear range extending over 5 orders of magnitude. The background luminescence of coelenterazine is the main limiting factor for even higher detectability of GLuc. Furthermore, the GLuc-SA complex is used as a detection reagent in a microtiter well-based DNA hybridization assay. The analytical range extends from 1.6 to 800 pmol/L of target DNA. Biotinylated GLuc produced from 1 L of bacterial culture is sufficient for 150,000 hybridization assays.
DNS Extension to provide Default (Preferred) Protocol (2016)

This document defines extension to the Domain Name System to support
Default Protocol. Default Protocol extension allows owners of the
resources to determine which are preferred protocols to be used with
their Services (i.e. https protocol to be preferred instead of http
for specific servers).
Anonymisation de décisions de justice. (2004)

La publication de decisions de justice sur le Web permet de rendre la jurisprudence accessible au grand public, mais il existe des domaines du droit pour lesquels la Loi prevoit que l’identite de certaines personnes doit demeurer confidentielle. Nous developpons actuellement un systeme d’anonymisation automatique a l’aide de l’environnement de developpement GATE. Le systeme doit reconnaitre certaines entites nommees comme les noms de personne, les lieux et les noms d’entreprise, puis determiner automatiquement celles qui sont de nature a permettre l’identification des personnes visees par les restrictions legales a la publication.