gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Copper (II)-Surfactant Complex and Its Nano Analog as Potential Antitumor Agents (2009)

The in vitro anticancer activity of copper cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (Cu-CTAB)-loaded cyclodextrin nanoparticles on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC), colon cancer cells (HCT 116), liver cancer cells (HepG-2), breast cancer cells (MCF-7), and cervix cancer cells (Hela) was investigated using MTT due assay. Cyclodextrin nanoparticles loaded with Cu-CTAB exerted in vitro anticancer activity against the previous human cancer cell lines comparable to the activity of free non-entrapped in nanoparticles macro-particle Cu-CTAB. The nano analog was synthesized by physical loading using grinding with ball mill. The ratio between Cu-CTAB and cyclodextrin oligosaccharide was 1 Cu-CTAB: 3 cyclodextrin. The particle size of the nano derivative was determined using the transmitted electron microscope (TEM).
INCREASE OF FREQUENCY IN DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION RELIEVES APRAXIA OF EYELID OPENING IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON'S DISEASE (2008)

Increasing stimulation frequency may be beneficial in apraxia of eyelid opening acquired after DBS of the subthalamic nucleus.
Phosphate release and uptake in enhanced biological phosphorus removal from wastewater (1987)

Phosphorus removal from municipal and industrial waste waters is required to protect receiving waters from eutrophication (nutrient enrichment). Many treatment plants have been de signed or upgraded to uptake phosphorus, most often by the addition of chemicals. As an alternative, an enhanced biological phosphorus (bio-P) removal process offers the advantage of not requiring chemical additions and of reducing the volumes of sludge produced. A simple bio-P removal process must include at least two stages: non-aerated and aerated. In the first stage, influent wastewater and return sludge are combined under non aerated conditions. Phosphate release from the biomass and sol uble chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal are observed un der these anaerobic conditions in the absence of both oxygen and nitrate. In the subsequent aerated stage, phosphate removal from solution, COD removal and nitrification take place. Phos phorus-rich sludge is usually wasted from this aerobic reactor. Many processes also include an intermediate denitrification stage (often referred to as anoxic) in which nitrified mixed liquor is recycled from the aerated reactor.
Enhanced expression of IL-12 associated with Th1 cytokine profiles in active pulmonary sarcoidosis (1996)

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology characterized by the expansion of activated oligoclonal CD4+ T cells and macrophages at sites of disease. To investigate the immunopathogenesis of sarcoidosis, we analyzed patterns of cytokine expression in bronchoalveolar lavage cells and fluid from patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and from normal volunteers. We found dominant type 1 cytokine expression, with elevated mRNA and protein levels of IFN-gamma, but not IL-4, in sarcoid lung cells and fluid compared with those in normal samples. To define immunoregulatory mechanisms important to this type 1 response, we analyzed the expression of IL-12 and IL-10 in lung cells and fluid. Using semiquantitative PCR, we found significantly higher mRNA expression of the regulated IL-12 p40 subunit, but not IL-10, in sarcoid compared with normal lung cells. Consistent with these observations, strikingly elevated levels of p40 protein were found in sarcoid compared with normal bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Unstimulated and Staphylococcus aureus-stimulated sarcoid alveolar macrophages produced greater amounts of IL-12 than normal alveolar macrophages when cultured in vitro. We hypothesize that sarcoidosis is a Th1-mediated disease driven by chronic, dysregulated production of IL-12 at sites of disease.
Discovery of Potent Cysteine-Containing Dipeptide Inhibitors against Tyrosinase: A Comprehensive Investigation of 20 × 20 Dipeptides in Inhibiting Dopachrome Formation (2015)

Tyrosinase is an essential copper-containing enzyme required for melanin synthesis. The overproduction and abnormal accumulation of melanin cause hyperpigmentation and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, tyrosinase is promising for use in medicine and cosmetics. Our previous study identified a natural product, A5, resembling the structure of the dipeptide WY and apparently inhibiting tyrosinase. Here, we comprehensively estimated the inhibitory capability of 20 × 20 dipeptides against mushroom tyrosinase. We found that cysteine-containing dipeptides, directly blocking the active site of tyrosinase, are highly potent in inhibition; in particular, N-terminal cysteine-containing dipeptides markedly outperform the C-terminal-containing ones. The cysteine-containing dipeptides, CE, CS, CY, and CW, show comparative bioactivities, and tyrosine-containing dipeptides are substrate-like inhibitors. The dipeptide PD attenuates 16.5% melanin content without any significant cytotoxicity. This study reveals the functional role of cysteine residue positional preference and the selectivity of specific amino acids in cysteine-containing dipeptides against tyrosinase, aiding in developing skin-whitening products.
ChemInform Abstract: POLYMER‐METAL COMPOSITE THIN FILMS ON ELECTRODES (1980)

Abstract Die elektrokatalytische Aktivität von dünnen metallhaltigen Polymerschichten wird untersucht.
Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Precipitation during Solidification of Low Carbon Steels. (1994)

Effect of cooling rate on oxide precipitation during solidification was investigated using Ti and Al-Ca deoxidized low-carbon steels. The numberand size distribution of oxides in the continuously cast steels have been observed and theoretically analyzed. The results obtained are as follows.
Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation of Propylene on Pt(111) Studied by Sum Frequency Generation from UHV to Atmospheric Pressure (1996)

The reactions of adsorbed propylene on Pt(111) in the presence and absence of hydrogen have been studied over 13 orders of magnitude in pressure using infrared−visible sum frequency generation. In the presence of near ambient pressures of hydrogen and propylene at 295 K, propylene hydrogenation was observed to proceed from a physisorbed intermediate (π-bonded propylene) through a 2-propyl species (Pt-CH(CH3)2) to propane. Under UHV conditions in the absence of hydrogen, di-σ-bonded propylene was found to dehydrogenate to propylidyne just below room temperature and then to vinylmethylidyne (M⋮CCHCH2) at 450 K on the way to graphite formation.
Visual timed event scenarios (2004)

Formal description of real-time requirements is a difficult and error prone task. Conceptual and tool support for this activity plays a central role in the agenda of technology transference from the formal verification engineering community to the real-time systems development practice. In this article we present VTS, a visual language to define complex event-based requirements such as freshness, bounded response, event correlation, etc. The underlying formalism is based on partial orders and supports real-time constraints. The problem of checking whether a timed automaton model of a system satisfies these sort of scenarios is shown to be decidable. Moreover, we have also developed a tool that translates visually specified scenarios into observer timed automata. The resulting automata can be composed with a model under analysis in order to check satisfaction of the stated scenarios. We show the benefits of applying these ideas to some case studies.
A dual-band antenna for wireless USB dongle applications (2013)

In this paper, the design of a dual-band antenna for universal-serial-bus (USB) dongle applications in the 2.4-GHz wireless-local-area network (WLAN) and 3.5-GHz Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) systems is presented. The antenna consists of two folded inverted-F radiating elements. One inverted- F element generates a 2.45-GHz band for the WLAN band (2.4-2.484 GHz), and both inverted-F elements together resonate at around 3.5 GHz to generate a wide frequency band for the WiMAX system (3.3-3.8 GHz). The antenna is designed on a 25×70 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> printed-circuit board (PCB), same size of an USB dongle PCB. For verification of simulation results, a prototype is fabricated and measured. Measured results show that the antenna has two impedance bandwidths, 2.39-2.5 GHz and 3.24-3.8 GHz, for the WLAN and WiMAX applications, respectively. The simulated and measured radiation patterns, efficiencies and gains of the antenna are all presented.
PD-L1 Expression in Tumor Cells Is an Independent Unfavorable Prognostic Factor in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2018)

PD-L1 expression in more than 10% of tumor cells was consistently established as a clinically relevant cut-off point by using two different antibodies. Remarkably, PD-L1 expression emerges as an independent poor prognosis marker in patients with OSCC.
Parity Redundancy in a Clustered Storage System (2007)

Distributed storage systems must provide highly available access to data while maintaining high performance and maximum scalability. In addition, reliability in a storage system is of the utmost importance and the correctness and availability of data must be guaranteed. Adding parity redundancy to distributed storage systems has been problematic because of the impact on performance. In this paper, we investigate mechanisms to add redundancy to the Lustre cluster file system with minimal effect on overall system performance. With data spread across multiple nodes, ensuring the consistency of the data requires special techniques. We describe fault tolerant algorithms to maintain the consistency and reliability of the data. We show how these techniques guarantee data integrity and availability of systems for read and write even under failure mode scenarios.
Characterization of a <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> virulence factor homologous to the family of TonB‐dependent proteins (1992)

IrgA is an iron-regulated virulence factor for infection in an animal model with classical Vibrio cholerae strain 0395. We detected gene sequences hybridizing to irgA at high stringency in clinical isolates in addition to 0395, including another classical strain of V. cholerae, three V. cholerae strains of the El Tor biotype, three non-O1 isolates of V. cholerae, and individual isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio fluvialis, and Vibrio alginolyticus. No hybridization to irgA was seen with chromosomal DNA from Vibrio vulnificus or Aeromonas hydrophila. To verify that irgA is the structural gene for the major iron-regulated outer membrane protein of V. cholerae, we determined the amino-terminal sequence of this protein recovered after gel electrophoresis and demonstrated that it corresponds to the amino acid sequence of IrgA deduced from the nucleotide sequence. Gel electrophoresis showed that two El Tor strains of V. cholerae had a major iron-regulated outer membrane protein identical in size and appearance to IrgA in strain 0395, consistent with the findings of DNA hybridization. We have previously suggested that IrgA might be the outer membrane receptor for the V. cholerae siderophore, vibriobactin. Biological data presented here, however, show that a mutation in irgA had no effect on the transport of vibriobactin and produced no defect in the utilization of iron from ferrichrome, ferric citrate, haemin or haemoglobin. The complete deduced amino acid sequence of IrgA demonstrated homology to the entire class of Escherichia coli TonB-dependent proteins, particularly Cir. Unlike the situation with Cir, however, we were unable to demonstrate a role for IrgA as a receptor for catechol-substituted cephalosporins. The role of IrgA in the pathogenesis of V. cholerae infection, its function as an outer membrane receptor, and its potential interaction with a TonB-like protein in V. cholerae remain to be determined.
Encapsulation and Chemical Resistance of Electrospun Nylon Nanofibers Coated Using Integrated Atomic and Molecular Layer Deposition (2011)

Nanofibers formed by electrospinning provide very large surface areas which can enhance material performance in filtration and product separation. In this work, we explore atomic layer deposition (ALD) as a means to coat and protect electrospun nylon-6 nanofibers. Exposing nylon to trimethyl aluminum (TMA) during ALD of aluminum oxide results in significant fiber degradation. Protecting fibers with a bilayer of ALD ZnO and an organic-inorganic hybrid polymer by molecular layer deposition maintains the shape of the original nanofibers, but chemical modification is still detected. These coating processes may help enable nanofibers with stable physical properties under chemical exposure.
Dynamics of redundant robots – inverse solutions (1986)

SUMMARY The dynamics of “simple, redundant robots” are developed. A “redundant” robot is a robot whose degrees of freedom are greater than those needed to perform a given kinetmatic task. A “simple” robot is a robot with all joints being revolute joints with axes perpendicular or parallel to the arm segments. A general formulation, and a solution algorithm, for the “inverse kinematics problem” for such systems, is presented. The solution is obtained using orthogonal complement arrays which in turn are obtained from a “zero-eigenvalues” algorithm. The paper concludes with an assertion that this solution, called the “natural dynamics solution,” is optimal in that it requires the least energy to drive the robot.
Measurement of the 100 nm NIST SRM 1963 by Differential Mobility Analysis (1999)

ABSTRACT The number mean diameter of 100 nm NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1963 was measured to be 100.7 nm with an expanded uncertainty at the 95% confidence level of 1.0 nm by measurement with the differential mobility analyzer (DMA). The low level of uncertainty resulted from the use of the 1.0 μm SRM 1690 for calibrating the DMA. The largest single component of the Type B (systematic) uncertainty was a 0.29 nm uncertainty in the calibration diameter. Measurements of the 0.3 μm SRM with the calibrated DMA give results within 0.001 μm of the certified diameter. Results obtained by other investigators using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), angle dependent light scattering, electro-gravitational aerosol balance, and atomic force microscopy are consistent with this DMA value. The 100 nm NIST SRM 1963 and the Japanese 100 nm Calibration Standard are shown to differ by 10% based on TEM analysis and DMA measurements. This size difference has a significant effect on the calibration of scanning surface inspection systems and optical particle counters.
Mehler-Peroxidase Reaction Mediates Zeaxanthin Formation and Zeaxanthin-Related Fluorescence Quenching in Intact Chloroplasts (1992)

Induction of zeaxanthin formation and the associated nonphotochemical quenching in iodoacetamide-treated, non-CO(2)-fixing intact chloroplasts of Lactuca sativa L. cv Romaine is reported. The electron transport needed to generate the required DeltapH for zeaxanthin formation and nonphotochemical quenching are ascribed to the Mehler-ascorbate peroxidase reaction. KCN, an inhibitor of ascorbate peroxidase, significantly affected these activities without affecting linear electron transport to methyl viologen or violaxanthin deepoxidase activity. At 1 millimolar KCN, zeaxanthin formation and DeltapH were inhibited 60 and 55%, respectively, whereas ascorbate peroxidase activity was inhibited almost totally. The KCN-resistant activity, which apparently was due to electron transport mediated by the Mehler reaction alone, however, was insufficient to support a high level of nonphotochemical quenching. We suggest that in vivo, as CO(2) fixation becomes limiting, the Mehler-peroxidase reaction protects photosystem II against the excess light by supporting the electron transport needed for zeaxanthin-dependent nonphotochemical quenching and concomitantly scavenging H(2)O(2). Ascorbate is essential for this process to occur.
Trialkylammonium-2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorocyclobutane ylides. Preparation and isolation of an unusually stable fluorinated carbanion (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTrialkylammonium-2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorocyclobutane ylides. Preparation and isolation of an unusually stable fluorinated carbanionDonald J. Burton, Richard D. Howells, and Paul D. Vander ValkCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 14, 4830–4831Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00456a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00456a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cell voltage equalizer using series resonant inverter and voltage multiplier for series-connected supercapacitors (2012)

A cell voltage equalizer using a series-resonant inverter and voltage multiplier is proposed. Unlike conventional equalizers that require multiple switches and/or magnetic components, the proposed equalizer can be configured with two switches and a single magnetic component. This means the circuitry can be significantly simplified and scaled down compared to conventional equalizers. Furthermore, because the series-resonant inverter inherently outputs a constant current when operated in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), currents in the equalizer can be limited as desired without feedback control; further simplifying the circuitry by eliminating the feedback control loop. Fundamental analyses for the series-resonant inverter and voltage multiplier are separately performed to verify the constant current characteristic of the series-resonant inverter and the equalization mechanism by the voltage multiplier. An experimental equalization test was performed for eight supercapacitors (SCs) connected in series. The voltage imbalance was gradually eliminated as the SC energies were redistributed by the equalizer, demonstrating the equalization performance.
Pre‐existing IgG antibodies cross‐reacting with the Fab region of infliximab predict efficacy and safety of infliximab therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (2013)

IFX-Fab reactive IgG antibodies present in serum from IBD patients before infliximab therapy associate with lack of long-term efficacy and safety. Assessments of such antibodies may help clinicians to choose between treatment with infliximab and more humanised agents.
LiNbO/sub 3/ optical waveguide fabrication by high-temperature proton exchange (2000)

An efficient method, the high-temperature proton exchange (HTPE), to fabricate high-quality LiNbO/sub 3/ optical waveguides is studied. The new proton exchange source, the stearic acid diluted by lithium stearate, is proposed for HTPE process. The known soft proton exchange (SPE) process can be realized by HTPE. There are no phase transitions when the /spl alpha/-phase waveguides are fabricated by SPE. This phase presents the same crystalline structure as that of LiNbO/sub 3/ and, as expected, maintains the excellent nonlinear and electrooptical properties of the bulk material. The kinetics of HTPE is studied.
INVESTIGATION OF THE REACTION BETWEEN DIALKYLPHOSPHINES AND CARBON TETRACHLORIDE. PART I (1993)

Abstract The model reaction between diethylphosphine (3a) and carbon tetrachloride leading to chloro-(chloromethyl)diethylphosphonium chloride (5a) and chlorodiethylphosphine (4a) as the final product has been found to involve iethyltrichloromethylphosphine (la) and diethylphosphine hydrogen chloride (6a) as the crucial intermediates. Process of the transformation of these compounds into the final products is a subject of our consideration.
Parsing ambiguous addresses for electronic services (1987)

Abstract Pathparse is a tool with a practical approach to disambiguating problematic routes for services such as electronic mail. Pathparse resolves syntactic and host name ambiguities with the aid of a database that describes host connections. The parser generates a set of path/user pairs; heuristics are used to select one among these, which may then be used by a conventional mail handler.
Bifurcated Degradative Pathway of 3-Sulfolactate in <i>Roseovarius nubinhibens</i> ISM via Sulfoacetaldehyde Acetyltransferase and ( <i>S</i> )-Cysteate Sulfolyase (2009)

Data from the genome sequence of the aerobic, marine bacterium Roseovarius nubinhibens ISM were interpreted such that 3-sulfolactate would be degraded as a sole source of carbon and energy for growth via a novel bifurcated pathway including two known desulfonative enzymes, sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.3.15) (Xsc) and cysteate sulfo-lyase (EC 4.4.1.25) (CuyA). Strain ISM utilized sulfolactate quantitatively with stoichiometric excretion of the sulfonate sulfur as sulfate. A combination of enzyme assays, analytical chemistry, enzyme purification, peptide mass fingerprinting, and reverse transcription-PCR data supported the presence of an inducible, tripartite sulfolactate uptake system (SlcHFG), and a membrane-bound sulfolactate dehydrogenase (SlcD) which generated 3-sulfopyruvate, the point of bifurcation. 3-Sulfopyruvate was in part decarboxylated by 3-sulfopyruvate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.79) (ComDE), which was purified. The sulfoacetaldehyde that was formed was desulfonated by Xsc, which was identified, and the acetyl phosphate was converted to acetyl-coenzyme A by phosphate acetyltransferase (Pta). The other portion of the 3-sulfopyruvate was transaminated to (S)-cysteate, which was desulfonated by CuyA, which was identified. The sulfite that was formed was presumably exported by CuyZ (TC 9.B.7.1.1 in the transport classification system), and a periplasmic sulfite dehydrogenase is presumed. Bioinformatic analyses indicated that transporter SlcHFG is rare but that SlcD is involved in three different combinations of pathways, the bifurcated pathway shown here, via CuyA alone, and via Xsc alone. This novel pathway involves ComDE in biodegradation, whereas it was discovered in the biosynthesis of coenzyme M. The different pathways of desulfonation of sulfolactate presumably represent final steps in the biodegradation of sulfoquinovose (and exudates derived from it) in marine and aquatic environments.
A graphical technique for modeling multi-user data requirements (2002)

Existing graphical techniques for data modeling handle diverse user requirements by combining local user views into an integrated schema. This produces a design that does not directly represent the data requirements of any user group in a heterogeneous environment, and which is flexible in the face of changing requirements. This paper offers an explanation of these problems in terms of the treatment of classification in existing data models and diagramming techniques. A new graphical technique is introduced which draws from research on human classification and offers a more flexible approach to modeling multiple views and sharing data among them. Implications of the model for research and practice are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>