gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Demand-side load scheduling incentivized by dynamic energy prices (2011)

Demand response is an important part of the smart grid technologies. This is a particularly interesting problem with the availability of dynamic energy pricing models. Electricity consumers are encouraged to consume electricity more prudently in order to minimize their electric bill, which is in turn calculated based on dynamic energy prices. In this paper, task scheduling policies that help consumers minimize their electrical energy cost by setting the time of use (TOU) of energy in the facility. Moreover, the utility companies can reasonably expect that their customers reduce their consumption at critical times in response to higher energy prices during those times. These policies target two different scenarios: (i) scheduling with a TOU-dependent energy pricing function subject to a constraint on total power consumption; and (ii) scheduling with a TOU and total power consumption-dependent pricing function for electricity consumption. Exact solutions (based on Branch and Bound) are presented for these task scheduling problems. In addition, a rank-based heuristic and a force directed-based heuristic are presented to efficiently solve the aforesaid problems. The proposed heuristic solutions are demonstrated to have very high quality and competitive performance compared to the exact solutions. Moreover, ability of demand shaping utilizing the aforementioned pricing schemes is demonstrated by the simulation results.
Surface Engineering of DLC Thin Films with Controlled Zeta Potential Using Plasma Processing and Evaluation of Cytocompatibility (2009)

Coronary Stent is recently often used for the revascularization of occluded coronary artery, but bare metal stent often caused restenosis by thrombosis attached on stent. To decrease thrombosis on bare metal stent, the newly developed biomimetics Diamond-Like carbon (DLC) thin film is evaluated after providing high cytocompatibility on the surface of stent by plasma treatment. To investigate the affect of the bonded network into the DLC thin film on plasma treatment, two kinds of DLC thin film were deposited in CH4 and C2H2 gases by PECVD. As a result, the amount of sp2 C-H and sp3 C-H bonded networks in DLC thin films deposited with C2H2 gas (C2H2-DLC) decreased and those of sp2 C-C and sp3 C-C bonded networks increased compared with those in the DLC thin films deposited with CH4 gas (CH4-DLC). NH3 and O2 plasma surface treatments were performed for two kinds of DLC thin film. As a result, many functional groups were introduced into the C2H2-DLC thin films surface compared with into the CH4-DLC thin films surface. From these results, the surface of the DLC thin films deposited with C2H2 gas were treated with plasma, and their effects on endothelial and smooth muscle cells were studied. It was observed that the endothelial cell growth ratio in the case of the DLC thin films whose surface was treated with plasmas was higher than that in the case of the untreated DLC thin films. Therefore, this test results indicate the newly developed biomimetic DLC thin films coating will be one of the best coating for metalic medical devices.
Primary Fibromyalgia:<i>A Clinical and Laboratory Study of 55 Patients</i> (1986)

The clinical symptoms of 55 patients with primary fibromyalgia (PF) were studied and compared with 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The PF patients expressed a more intense feeling of illness than did the RA patients. Stiffness occurred just as often in PF as in RA. Trigger points occurred less frequently in RA patients. Muscular fatigue appeared to be one of the most disabling symptoms in PF. Neurophysiological studies indicated that the fatigue was at least partly of central origin. Ischemic forearm exercise test gave no evidence of impaired glycogenolysis. Laboratory investigation revealed normal 25-hydroxyvitamin D, cobalamin, folate, estrogen, testosterone, and myoglobin in the PF patients.
Experimental And Analytical Study Of Scrap Tire Rubber Pad For Seismic Isolation (2012)

A seismic isolation pad produced by utilizing the scrap tire rubber which contains interleaved steel reinforcing cords has been proposed. The steel cords are expected to function similar to the steel plates used in conventional laminated rubber bearings. The scrap tire rubber pad (STRP) isolator is intended to be used in low rise residential buildings of highly seismic areas of the developing countries. Experimental investigation was conducted on unbonded STRP isolators, and test results provided useful information including stiffness, damping values and an eventual instability of the isolation unit. Finite element analysis (FE analysis) of STRP isolator was carried out on properly bonded samples. These types of isolators provide positive incremental force resisting capacity up to shear strain level of 155%. This paper briefly discusses the force deformation behavior of bonded STRP isolators including stability of the isolation unit.
High titer of serum antiphospholipid antibody levels in adult Henoch‐Schönlein purpura and cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis (2008)

Serum levels of IgA aCL and anti-PS/PT antibodies were elevated in adult HSP, suggesting that serum IgA antibodies may play some role in adult HSP. IgA aCL and/or anti-PS/PT antibodies could serve as markers for adult HSP and should be monitored as an indicator of adult HSP activity. Small-vessel vasculitis could be dependently associated with the presence of IgM anti-PS/PT antibodies. These findings suggest that aPL antibodies are closely related to the pathogenic factors that trigger the development of vasculitis.
Electron Transfer to a Gold Electrode from Cytochrome Oxidase in a Biomembrane via a Polyelectrolyte Film (1998)

We have developed an electrode modification, which permits the communication between cytochrome c in solution, cytochrome oxidase residing in its natural environment of a lipid membrane, and a gold electrode. The connection is made via an electroactive polyelectrolyte containing an osmium complex covalently attached to poly(4-vinylpyridine), sandwiched between thin layers of a negatively charged polyelectrolyte, polystyrene sulfonate. The outermost layer is the support for the oxidase-containing lipid film. Electron transfer from a pulse of reduced cytochrome c in the surrounding medium via the enzyme and the polyelectrolyte to the electrode is evident as a transient current during anaerobic conditions. Inhibiting the enzyme with sodium azide results in a temporarily decreased cytochrome c signal. The enzyme-mediated electron transport increased with increasing substrate concentration, resulting in a Michaelis−Menten constant of the same magnitude as for free or liposomal enzyme.
A model peptide with enhanced helicity (1991)

The sequence of a model monomeric peptide, acetylA(EAAAK)3Aamide was altered to expedite measurement of peptide concentration and to enhance its fractional helical content. Replacement of the N-terminal alanine residue with a tryptophan residue provides a convenient chromophore for measurement of peptide concentration without diminishing the helical content. Replacement of the three lysine residues with arginine residues enhances the helical content without loss of their electrostatic contributions. Increasing the number of EAAAR sequence units in the peptide acetylW(EAAAR)nAamide from three to five indicates that the spectral features anticipated for a completely helical peptide are closely approached.
Narrow-band Ultraviolet B Treatment Boosts Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Patients with Psoriasis on Oral Vitamin D Supplementation (2014)

A course of treatment with narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) improves psoriasis and increases serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). In this study 12 patients with psoriasis who were supplemented with oral cholecalciferol, 20 µg daily, were given a course of NB-UVB and their response measured. At baseline, serum 25(OH)D was 74.14 ± 22.9 nmol/l. At the 9th exposure to NB-UVB 25(OH)D had increased by 13.2 nmol/l (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 7.2-18.4) and at the 18th exposure by 49.4 nmol/l (95% CI 35.9-64.6) above baseline. Psoriasis Area Severity Index score improved from 8.7 ± 3.5 to 4.5 ± 2.0 (p < 0.001). At baseline, psoriasis lesions showed low vitamin D metabolizing enzyme (CYP27A1, CYP27B1) and high human β-defensin-2 mRNA expression levels compared with those of the healthy subjects. In conclusion, NB-UVB treatment significantly increases serum 25(OH)D in patients with psoriasis who are taking oral vitamin D supplementation, and the concentrations remain far from the toxicity level. Healing psoriasis lesions show similar mRNA expression of vitamin D metabolizing enzymes, but higher antimicrobial peptide levels than NB-UVB-treated skin in healthy subjects.
Formation and Adsorption of Clusters of Gold Nanoparticles onto Functionalized Silica Nanoparticle Surfaces (1998)

This paper reports a systematic investigation of the growth and attachment of small gold nanoparticles to the functionalized surfaces of larger silica nanoparticles. Dilution of the gold nanoparticles in mixtures of water and ethanol led to the self-assembly of gold nanoparticles in aggregates of regular size and shape attached to the surfaces of the silica nanoparticles. Functionalization of the surfaces of silica nanoparticles with different terminal groups had a profound influence over the coverage of gold nanoparticles and clusters. While the hydrophilic functional groups NH2 and SH bound the gold nanoparticles, hydrophobic functional groups such as CH3 and PPh2 did not. The coverage of the gold nanoparticles and clusters on the surfaces of the silica nanoparticles was evaluated using transmission electron microscopy.
An Unusual Stevens Rearrangement of a Tetrahydropyridinium Salt (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn Unusual Stevens Rearrangement of a Tetrahydropyridinium SaltArthur E. JacobsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 5, 1569–1573Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01343a060https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01343a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Blockade of β1 Integrin–Laminin-5 Interaction Affects Spreading and Insulin Secretion of Rat β-Cells Attached on Extracellular Matrix (2006)

When attached on a matrix produced by a rat bladder carcinoma cell line (804G matrix), rat pancreatic beta-cells spread in response to glucose and secrete more insulin compared with cells attached on poly-l-lysine. The aim of this study was to determine whether laminin-5 and its corresponding cell receptor beta1 integrin are implicated in these phenomena. By using specific blocking antibodies, we demonstrated that laminin-5 is the component present in 804G matrix responsible for the effect of 804G matrix on beta-cell function and spreading. When expression of two well-known laminin-5 ligands, beta1 and beta4 integrin, was assessed by Western blot and RT-PCR, only the beta1 integrin was detected in beta-cells. Anti-beta1 integrin antibody reduced the spreading of beta-cells on 804G matrix. Blockade of the interaction between beta1 integrins and laminin-5 resulted in a reduction in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Blocking anti-beta1 integrin antibody also inhibited focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation induced by 804G matrix. In conclusion, anti-beta1 integrin and -laminin-5 antibodies interfere with spreading of beta-cells, resulting in decreased insulin secretion in response to glucose. Our findings indicate that outside-in signaling via engagement of beta1 integrins by laminin-5 is an important component of normal beta-cell function.
Multiple Upsets Tolerance in SRAM Memory (2007)

This paper presents a high level method called matrix code to protect SRAM-based memories against multiple bit upsets. The proposed method combines hamming code and parity code to assure the reliability of memory in presence of multiple bit-upsets with low area and performance overhead. The method is evaluated using one million multiple-fault injection experiments; next reliability and MTTF of the protected memories are estimated based on fault injection experiments and several equations. The fault detection/correction coverage are also calculated and compared with previous methods i.e., Reed-Muller and hamming code. The results reveal that the proposed method behaves better than these methods in terms of fault detection and correction of multiple faults regarding to the area overhead.
Cloning and functional characterization of the human fractalkine receptor promoter regions (2002)

We have previously shown that reduced expression of the fractalkine receptor, CX3CR1, is correlated with rapid HIV disease progression and with reduced susceptibility to acute coronary events. In order to elucidate the mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation of CX3CR1 expression, we structurally and functionally characterized the CX3CR1 gene. It consists of four exons and three introns spanning over 18 kb. Three transcripts are produced by splicing the three untranslated exons with exon 4, which contains the complete open reading frame. The transcript predominantly found in leucocytes corresponds to the splicing of exon 2 with exon 4. Transcripts corresponding to splicing of exons 1 and 4 are less abundant in leucocytes and splicing of exons 3 and 4 are rare longer transcripts. A constitutive promoter activity was found in the regions extending upstream from untranslated exons 1 and 2. Interestingly, exons 1 and 2 enhanced the activity of their respective promoters in a cell-specific manner. These data show that the CX3CR1 gene is controlled by three distinct promoter regions, which are regulated by their respective untranslated exons and that lead to the transcription of three mature messengers. This highly complex regulation may allow versatile and precise expression of CX3CR1 in various cell types.
Stille Cross-Coupling Reactions of Alkenylstannanes with Alkenyl Iodides Mediated by Copper(I) Thiophene-2-carboxylate: A Density Functional Study (2010)

The detailed reaction mechanism for the Stille cross-coupling reaction of vinylstannane with vinyl iodide mediated by copper(I) thiophene-2-carboxylate (CuTC) was studied with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results of the DFT calculations show that the reaction mechanism involves two major steps: (1) the transmetalation between (NMP)CuTC (NMP = N-methylpyrrolidone, a solvent molecule) and CH2═CHSnMe3 to give the organocopper intermediate (NMP)Cu-CH═CH2 and (2) a one-step process involving both oxidative addition of CH2═CHI to (NMP)Cu-CH═CH2 and reductive elimination of the coupling product CH2═CH−CH═CH2. We found that the overall barrier involves the effect of both steps. In this paper, we also examined the role of the thiophene-2-carboxylate ligand in the reaction and discussed the possibility of a catalytic version of the reaction.
What keeps online customers repurchasing through the internet? (2007)

Factors affecting the intention of purchasing online have been investigated for many years. On the other hand, the question of what keeps online customers repurchasing through the Internet has rarely been examined. By expanding the existing customer satisfaction/continuance model based on the expectation-confirmation model, this study aims to provide a theoretical model that can support technical, business, and consumer issues involved in online repurchasing. The results of an online questionnaire of 1,215 Japanese online customers pointed out that not only basic factors of confirmation, satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and perceived incentives, but a new factor, customer loyalty, are factors significantly influencing the online customers' intention to repeat purchase through the Internet. This study sheds light on the development of online incentive technology and the means of enhancing customer loyalty to promote online repurchasing.
Practical experiences with materialized views in a very large data store for telecommunication service management (2002)

This paper presents our enhancements to the work of Harinarayan (1996) on the use of materialized views for query execution speed-up. The enhancements were developed when trying to apply the basic approach in a real-life situation on a very large data store with a complex multidimensional model of 18 million views. Our contributions are an extension of the basic model, the development of an efficient implementation, and a heuristic for view size estimation. In addition, we experimented with different cost functions and validated our enhancements in actual experiments. The paper shows that the approach of Harinarayan (augmented with our enhancements) is applicable in practical situations with large view lattices.
The 1.8-Å Crystal Structure of a Matrix Metalloproteinase 8-Barbiturate Inhibitor Complex Reveals a Previously Unobserved Mechanism for Collagenase Substrate Recognition (2001)

The individual zinc endoproteinases of the tissue degrading matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family share a common catalytic architecture but are differentiated with respect to substrate specificity, localization, and activation. Variation in domain structure and more subtle structural differences control their characteristic specificity profiles for substrates from among four distinct classes (Nagase, H., and Woessner, J. F. J. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 21491-21494). Exploitation of these differences may be decisive for the design of anticancer or other drugs, which should be highly selective for their particular MMP targets. Based on the 1.8-A crystal structure of human neutrophil collagenase (MMP-8) in complex with an active site-directed inhibitor (RO200-1770), we identify and describe new structural determinants for substrate and inhibitor recognition in addition to the primary substrate recognition sites. RO200-1770 induces a major rearrangement at a position relevant to substrate recognition near the MMP-8 active site (Ala206-Asn218). In stromelysin (MMP-3), competing stabilizing interactions at the analogous segment hinder a similar rearrangement, consistent with kinetic profiling of several MMPs. Despite the apparent dissimilarity of the inhibitors, the central 2-hydroxypyrimidine-4,6-dione (barbiturate) ring of the inhibitor RO200-1770 mimics the interactions of the hydroxamate-derived inhibitor batimastat (Grams, F., Reinemer, P., Powers, J. C., Kleine, T., Pieper, M., Tschesche, H., Huber, R., and Bode, W. (1995) Eur. J. Biochem. 228, 830-841) for binding to MMP-8. The two additional phenyl and piperidyl ring substituents of the inhibitor bind into the S1' and S2' pockets of MMP-8, respectively. The crystal lattice contains a hydrogen bond between the O(gamma) group of Ser209 and N(delta)1 of His207 of a symmetry related molecule; this interaction suggests a model for recognition of hydroxyprolines present in physiological substrates. We also identify a collagenase-characteristic cis-peptide bond, Asn188-Tyr189, on a loop essential for collagenolytic activity. The sequence conservation pattern at this position marks this cis-peptide bond as a determinant for triple-helical collagen recognition and processing.
Does Shape Matter? Bioeffects of Gold Nanomaterials in a Human Skin Cell Model (2012)

Gold nanomaterials (AuNMs) have distinctive electronic and optical properties, making them ideal candidates for biological, medical, and defense applications. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate the potential biological impact of AuNMs before employing them in any application. This study investigates two AuNMs with different aspect ratios (AR) on mediation of biological responses in the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) to model potential skin exposure to these AuNMs. The cellular responses were evaluated by cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, alteration in gene and protein expression, and inflammatory response. Gold nanospheres, nominally 20 nm in diameter and coated with mercaptopropane sulfonate (AuNS-MPS), formed agglomerates when dispersed in cell culture media, had a large fractal dimension (D(f) = 2.57 ± 0.4) (i.e., tightly bound and densely packed) and were found to be nontoxic even at the highest dose of 100 μg/mL. Highly uniform, 16.7 nm diameter, and 43.8 nm long polyethylene glycol-capped gold nanorods (AuNR-PEG) also formed agglomerates when dispersed into the cell culture media. However, the agglomerates had a smaller fractal dimension (D(f) = 1.28 ± 0.08) (i.e., loosely bound) and were found to be cytotoxic to the HaCaT cells, with a significant decrease in cell viability occurring at 25 μg/mL and higher. Moreover, AuNR-PEG caused significant ROS production and up-regulated several genes involved in cellular stress and toxicity. These results, combined with increased levels of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins, demonstrated that the AuNR-PEG induced apoptosis. Exposure to AuNS-MPS, however, did not show any of the detrimental effects observed from the AuNR-PEG. Therefore, we conclude that shape appears to play a key role in mediating the cellular response to AuNMs.