gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of Nerve Gases by Chemiluminescence (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetection of Nerve Gases by ChemiluminescenceJerome. GoldensonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1957, 29, 6, 877–879Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60126a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60126a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An analysis of crystal structure of Ca-deficient oxonitridoaluminosilicate, Ca0.88Al0.91Si1.09N2.85O0.15 (2009)

A polycrystalline, Ca0.88Al0.91Si1.09N2.85O0.15, was synthesized by a solid state reaction in the ternary system Ca3N2, AlN, and Si3N4, which was accompanied by a two-step heat treatment, 1600°C for 2 h and then 1800°C for 2 h under the nitrogen pressure of 0.92MPa. The space group of the polycrystalline was confirmed as orthorhombic Cmc21 (36) by means of a convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED). The lattice parameters were refined using the Rietveld method to be a = 980.005(8), b = 564.928(4), and c = 506.241(3) pm with the corresponding weighted profile residual, Rwp = 0.092. Ca0.88Al0.91Si1.09N2.85O0.15 was formed due to the creation of cation vacancies at Ca2+ site in CaAlSiN3, which has the isomorphic structure with LiSi2N3 and NaSi2N3, by partial replacement of N3- by O2-.
First realized polarization converter based on hybrid supermodes (1998)

We report the first realized polarization converter based on the concept of hybrid supermodes. A polarization conversion of 93% is achieved for a device length of only 0.25 mm. This represents the shortest polarization converter realized on InP so far.
Improved Enumeration of Lactic Acid Streptococci on Elliker Agar Containing Phosphate (1979)

Enumeration of lactic acid streptococci from dairy starter cultures on Elliker agar was improved by the addition of 0.4% (wt/vol) diammonium phosphate. Agar plate counts were up to 7.75 times greater due to improved buffering by the phosphate salt.
Parallel Zigzag Scanning and Huffman Coding for a GPU-based MPEG-2 Encoder (2010)

GPUs excel in parallel computations, so they are very efficient calculating the discrete cosine transform of spatial domain images, as required for video encoding. The last steps of MPEG-2 compression, however, are inherently sequential since they require a serial processing of the resulting DCT coefficients. As that can easily become a bottleneck in GPUbased video encoders, in this paper we analyze the problem of computing the zigzag scan and Huffman encoding of a MPEG- 2 coefficient block in a GPU. We observed that simply optimizing the parallelism of the serialization and compression algorithm is not enough, and it can actually lead to worse results than a simple approach with no parallelism because of inefficient memory usage, since memory accesses can dramatically slow down the computation. This paper describes three different techniques to calculate the final bit stream for a MPEG-2 quantized coefficient matrix: a simple serial implementation, a fully parallel implementation, and a combination that beats them both when considering the cost of transferring the result to the CPU.
High-order perturbations of the phase velocity and polarization of<i>qP</i>and<i>qS</i>waves in anisotropic media (2001)

An approximate expression of the eikonal equation and the polarization vector may be obtained in weakly anisotropic media from first-order perturbation theory. The advantage of this approximation for qP wave is that the squared phase velocity is linear in the elastic parameters. For qS waves, the first-order approximation is more complicated and can be expressed in terms of the square root of a quadratic function in the elastic parameters. Higher order perturbations can be obtained by an iterative procedure which improves the accuracy of the approximations. Explicit analytic formulae of the approximate squared phase velocities and polarizations are given for orthorhombic and transversely isotropic symmetries. Numerical comparisons between the exact and the approximate phase velocities and polarization vectors obtained at different orders illustrate the accuracy of the approximate formulae presented. For realistic anisotropy, the second-order expressions of the squared phase velocities are accurate approximations which do not cost much more with respect to the first-order computations. Third order expressions of the squared phase velocities are very accurate and need only computation of the first-order approximations. Second order expressions should be used to have good approximations of polarization vectors outside the vicinity of singularities. Higher order approximations of the qS-waves eigenvectors should be applied in neighbouring directions of singularities.
Acetylation of Polyethylenimine Enhances Gene Delivery via Weakened Polymer/DNA Interactions (2006)

We previously reported that gene delivery efficiency of 25-kDa, branched polyethylenimine (PEI) increased upon acetylation of up to 43% of the primary amines with acetic anhydride. In the present work, we investigated the effects of further increasing the degree of acetylation and elucidated the source of the higher gene delivery efficiency. Despite reduced buffering capacity, gene delivery activity continued to increase (up to 58-fold in HEK293) with acetylation of up to 57% of primary amines but decreased at higher degrees of acetylation. Characterization of polymer-DNA interactions showed that acetylated polymers bind less strongly to DNA. Further, a fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay showed that increasing acetylation causes polyplexes to unpackage inside cells to a higher degree than polyplexes formed with unmodified PEI. Overall, the data suggest that the increased gene delivery activity may be attributable to an appropriate balance between polymer buffering capacity and strength of polymer/DNA interactions.
Increased Inflammatory Response in Myocardial IschemiaReperfusion in "ormal and STZ Induced Type I Diabetic Rats and Modulation of Inflammatory Response by Quercetin and Rutin (2009)

Summary Rapidly growing importance of revascularization procedures in the management of myocardial infarction in normal as well as diabetic patients has thrown the ischemia% reperfusion injury into the limelight. Myocardial infarction was produced by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by 4 h of reperfusion. Myeloperoxidase activity in heart tissue and interleukin%12 levels in serum was estimated to ascertain the involvement of inflammatory mediators and to evaluate the effect of Quercetin and Rutin on these mediators. Results indicated that Myeloperoxidase and interleukin%12 levels were increased in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in both normal and diabetic rats. Furthermore, Quercetin and Rutin ameliorated the inflammatory response by reducing the activity of Myeloperoxidase and interleukin 12 levels. This is the first study to report the involvement of interleukin 12 levels in cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury in both normal and diabetic rats.
Automatic weblog generation using mobile context (2009)

Weblog is one of the most spread web services. The content of the weblog includes daily events and emotions. If we collect personal information using mobile devices and create a weblog, user can create their own weblog easily. Some researchers already developed systems that created weblog in mobile environment. In this paper, user's activity is inferred from personal information in mobile device. The inferred activities and story generation engine are used to generate text for creating a weblog. Finally, the text, photographs and user's movement in Google Map are integrated into a weblog.
Real time object tracking based on dynamic feature grouping with background subtraction (2008)

Object detection and tracking has various application areas including intelligent transportation systems. We introduce an object detection and tracking approach that combines the background subtraction algorithm and the feature tracking and grouping algorithm. We first present an augmented background subtraction algorithm which uses a low-level feature tracking as a cue. The resulting background subtraction cues are used to improve the feature detection and grouping result. We then present a dynamic multi-level feature grouping approach that can be used in real time applications and also provides high-quality trajectories. Experimental results from video clips of a challenging transportation application are presented.
Asymmetric dihydroxylation of alkenes with osmium tetroxide: chiral N,N′-dialkyl-2,2′-bipyrrolidine complex (1989)

Asymmetric osmylation of alkenes by using N,N′-dialkyl-2,2′-bipyrrolidines as the chiral ligands shows a high asymmetric induction and a marked dependence of the enantioselectivity on both the N-alkyl group and the reaction solvent.
Microcrystalline-Cellulose Hydrolysis with Concentrated Sulphuric Acid (1996)

The effects of temperature (25–40°C), H2SO4 concentration (31–70% (w/v)) and the acid/substrate relationship (1–5 cm3 of H2SO4 per g−1 of cellulose) on the solubilization rate of microcrystalline cellulose and on the glucose production rate have been analysed. The solubilization process was by determining reducing groups present in solution. For acid/substrate relationships of more than 1 cm3 g−1 and H2SO4 concentrations of greater than 62% (w/v), the acid promoted the total solubilization of the cellulose in the form of chains with a low degree of polymerization within 4 h. The solubilization demonstrated zero-order kinetics in which the specific rate and time of total solubilization are a function of the variables in operation. Glucose was produced according to a mechanism of two consecutive first-order pseudo-homogeneous reactions. The values of the kinetic constants k1 and k2 have been correlated with temperature, the H2SO4 concentration and the acid/substrate relationship.
Use of Enzyme-Digested Heterografts as Segmental Arterial Substitutes (1958)

In a previous report,<sup>1</sup>the early results of implantation of enzymatically digested bovine heterografts into the abdominal aorta of dogs were described. Bovine arteries were stripped of most of their parenchymatous proteins by controlled enzyme action, leaving tubular prostheses composed mostly of collagen. These tubes were implanted into dogs as aortic substitutes in the hope that, with most of their immunologically reactive proteins removed, the implants would be better tolerated by the host while yet maintaining their effectiveness as arterial substitutes. Short-term observations seem to corroborate this hypothesis, and histological comparisons of treated and control heterografts after implantation indicate a markedly diminished host reaction to the enzyme-digested vessel. In a second report,<sup>2</sup>the physical characteristics of the elastica and collagen components of the arterial wall were investigated. It was shown that collagen derived from arteries by digestion with the enzyme ficin is highly resistant to mechanical stress, whereas
Organic Photovoltaic Materials: Squarylium and Cyanine-TCNQ Dyes (1978)

The photovoltaic properties of Schottky barrier sandwich cells consisting of sublimed and solution-cast thin films of selected squarylium (bis-anilino derivatives of cyclobuta-1,3-diene-2,4-dione) and cyanine-tetracyanoquinodimethanide (TCNQ) dyes have been measured. For hydroxy squarylium (OHSq), maximum power conversion efficiencies (η) were 0.2% for 850-nm light (1 mW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ); 0.05% for 633-nm light (94 mW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ); 0.06% for “white” light (21 mW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ); 0.15% for low intensity (0.14 mW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) simulated AM0 light (sunlight under outer space conditions), and 0.02% for high intensity (140 mW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) AM0 light. Efficiencies of selected OHSq cells were observed to increase fivefold when the cells were doped with bromine or 1-phenyl-3-p-N, N-diethylaminostyryl-5-p-N,N-diethylaminophenyl-Δ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -pyrazoline (DEASP), e.g., 0.05 to 0.23% (Br); 0.004 to 0.021% (DEASP). The efficiency of a solution-cast cell of amorphous 2,2′-dicarbocyanine-TCNQ was 0.02% when 933-nm light (approximately (1 mW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) was used. Amorphous solid solutions of 1,1′-diethyl-2,2′-dicarbocyanine-and oxa-2,2′-dicarbocyanine-TCNQ salts were also tested. The effects of various material and device properties on the performance of organic photovoltaic cells are discussed, and it is proposed that organic solar cells having efficiencies of one percent or more can be made by using existing technologies.
ANALYSIS OF SIZE METRICS AND EFFORT PERFORMANCE CRITERION IN SOFTWARE COST ESTIMATION (2012)

Effective management of any software process requires quantification measurement and modeling. Software metrics provide a quantitative basis for the development and validation of methods utilized in software cost estimation process and can also be used to improve the productivity and quality of the process. During initial stages of software cycle, it is imperative for the project managers to recognize the merits and de-merits of the metrics and use the appropriate metrics in the estimation process. Software size and effort performance metrics continues to be a controversial issue in the software engineering environment. The paper gives an overview of the metrics that are used for software size and effort performance by the software estimation community. The metrics that are in vogue are inadequate to achieve optimum results in estimation. The present analysis depicts that the prevailing metrics are not applicable for diverse techniques. The results are bound to improve by continual analysis with various metrics and techniques.
Radiographic quantitative assessment of cranial tibial subluxation before and after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs (2011)

Overt cranial tibial subluxation in CrCL-deficient stifle joints can be detected on mediolateral projection radiographs by comparing CrCL(d) on neutral and stressed joint radiographs at joint angles between 105° and 150°, regardless of whether a TPLO has been performed.
Reducing moment method storage from order <i>N</i> <sup>2</sup> to order <i>N</i> (1989)

Previously, integral equation-based calculations of electromagnetic scattering and radiation (e.g. moment method calculations) have required a full N × N matrix when there are N unknowns. However, in the letter novel basis and testing functions are presented, for which the resulting matrix is approximately sparse. That is, nearly all of its elements are nearly zero. This kind of technique is expected to reduce typical storage and execution time requirements by orders of magnitude.
TREATMENT OF HIGH NITRATE WATERS (1969)

A new process for removing excessive nitrates from waters consists of an anaerobic filter in which bacterial denitrification is encouraged. Facts, figures, and findings are presented.
Heap Taichi (2010)

Heap spraying is an attack technique commonly used in hijacking browsers to download and execute malicious code. In this attack, attackers first fill a large portion of the victim process's heap with malicious code. Then they exploit a vulnerability to redirect the victim process's control to attackers' code on the heap. Because the location of the injected code is not exactly predictable, traditional heap-spraying attacks need to inject a huge amount of executable code to increase the chance of success. Injected executable code usually includes lots of NOP-like instructions leading to attackers' shellcode. Targeting this attack characteristic, previous solutions detect heap-spraying attacks by searching for the existence of such large amount of NOP sled and other shellcode.
An Efficient Strategy to Drive Nanoparticles into Carbon Nanotubes and the Remarkable Effect of Confinement on Their Catalytic Performance (2009)

Abstract Drinnen oder draußen? PtRu‐Dimetallnanopartikel wurden selektiv in Kohlenstoffnanoröhren eingeschlossen oder auf ihrer äußeren Oberfläche abgeschieden (siehe Bild). Die eingeschlossenen Nanopartikel sind wesentlich selektivere und aktivere Hydrierungskatalysatoren. magnified image
The inverse problem of electromagnetic induction: Existence and construction of solutions based on incomplete data (1980)

A theory is described for the inversion of electromagnetic response data associated with one‐dimensional electrically conducting media. The data are assumed to be in the form of a collection of (possibly imprecise) complex admittances determined at a finite number of frequencies. We first solve the forward problem for conductivity models in a space of functions large enough to include delta functions. Necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for the existence of solutions to the inverse problem in this space. The approach relies on a representation of real‐part positive functions due to Cauer and an application of Sabatier's theory of constrained linear inversion. We find that delta‐function models are fundamental to the problem. When existence of a solution has been established for a given set of data, actual conductivities fitting the measurements may be explicitly constructed for various special classes of functions. For a solution in delta functions or homogeneous layers a development as a continued fraction is the essential idea; smoothly varying models are found with an adaption of Weidelt's analytic solution.
Pseudo-projective dependency parsing (2005)

In order to realize the full potential of dependency-based syntactic parsing, it is desirable to allow non-projective dependency structures. We show how a data-driven deterministic dependency parser, in itself restricted to projective structures, can be combined with graph transformation techniques to produce non-projective structures. Experiments using data from the Prague Dependency Treebank show that the combined system can handle non-projective constructions with a precision sufficient to yield a significant improvement in overall parsing accuracy. This leads to the best reported performance for robust non-projective parsing of Czech.
Self-Assembling Carbohydrate-Functionalized Oligothiophenes (2009)

Carbohydrate-functionalized oligothiophenes have been synthesized applying mild Sonogashira cross-coupling conditions. In an aqueous environment the amphiphilic hybrids self-assemble into chiral superstructures as a result of multiple hydrogen bond interactions and the helicity of the aggregates is controllable by the configuration of the carbohydrate unit. By means of atomic force microscopy highly ordered layer arrangements on substrates were characterized.
The Binding of Phosphatidylglycerol Liposomes to Rat Platelets Is Mediated by Complement (1990)

Previous work has shown that intravenous administration of phosphatidylglycercol (PG) containing liposomes to rats results in a rapid transient decline in platelet count (1). Here the interactions of PG liposomes with rat platelets in vitro have been examined with the aim of characterizing factors associated with the decline. It is shown that PG liposomes induce formation of rat (but not human) platelet-liposome microaggregates in vitro. The PG liposome dependent thrombocytopenia observed in vivo can therefore be attributed to sequestration of PG liposome-platelet aggregates. Further, the aggregation of platelets with PG liposomes, which can be monitored as a reduction in platelet count using a coulter counter, is shown to be mediated by a serum complement factor, likely C3b. This is indicated by a requirement of plasma for the in vitro reduction in platelet count induced by PG liposomes, and the inhibition of this effect by heat treatment of plasma, by incubation of plasma with purified cobra venom factor, or by removal of C3 from plasma.
Substrate specificity of cholesterol oxidase. (1980)

Journal Article Substrate specificity of cholesterol oxidase. Get access L C Clark, Jr, L C Clark, Jr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T A Grooms T A Grooms Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 26, Issue 5, 1 April 1980, Page 678, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/26.5.678 Published: 01 April 1980
Pyrene-Labeled Oligodeoxynucleotide Probe for Detecting Base Insertion by Excimer Fluorescence Emission (2004)

Novel ODN probes for insertion polymorphism detection have been devised. The ODN probes labeled with two pyrene chromophores emit strong excimer fluorescence when hybridized with DNA containing one inserted base. This method is useful for the determination of the presence/absence of insertion polymorphisms located at a specific site on the target DNA.
Using this book (2007)

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How to index online (1997)

The first online index project introduces an indexer to a whole new set of issues and concerns that affect good indexing. This article covers some of the decisions that should be made and information-gathering that should be done before beginning an online project.
ChemInform Abstract: Alternative Preparation of α‐Keto Esters from Acid Chlorides. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.