gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On line signature verification: Fusion of a Hidden Markov Model and a neural network via a support vector machine (2003)

We propose in this work to perform on-line signature verification by the fusion of two complementary verification modules. The first one considers a signature as a sequence of points and models the genuine signatures of a given signer by a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). Forgeries are used to compute a decision threshold. In the second module, global parameters of a signature are the inputs of a two-classes neural network trained for each signer on both the genuine and "other" signatures (genuine signatures of other signers). Fusion of the scores given by these two experts through a Support Vector Machine (SVM), allows improving the results over those of each module, on Philips' Database.
The Error Monitoring and Processing System in Alcohol Use (2010)

Background: Current data suggest that alcohol might play significant role in error commission. Error commission is related to the functions of the Error Monitoring and Processing System (EMPS) located in the substantia nigra of the midbrain, basal ganglia and cortex of the forebrain. The main components of the EMPS are the dopaminergic system and anterior cingulate cortex. Although, recent data show that alcohol disrupts the EMPS, the ways in which alcohol affects this system are poorly understood. Aims & Objectives: We reviewed recent data that suggest the indirect effect of alcohol use on error commission. Methods / Study Design: Databases were searched for relevant literatures using the following keywords combination – Alcohol AND Error Commission (OR Processing, Monitoring, Correction, Detection). Literatures were searched in scientific databases (Medline, DOAJ, Embase from 1940 to August 2010), journal website (Psychophysiology, Neuroscience and Trends in Neuroscience). Manual book search, including library information were included in the data collection process. Other additional information was searched through Google. Results / Findings: Blood and brain glucose levels play a vital role in error commission, and are related to error commission, monitoring and processing through the modulation of the activity of the dopaminergic system. To summarize the results
Planar representation for intra coding of depth maps (2011)

In this paper, an intra coding method is proposed aiming to efficiently code the smooth regions in the depth map images. One of the characteristics of typical depth map images is that they contain large gradually changing smooth areas. Traditional block based transform coding algorithms are causing blocking artifacts for this type of regions. Instead of using transform coding, the proposed method utilizes piecewise linear planar representations to code the smooth areas in the depth map picture. The piecewise linear representation for a block is obtained using the already decoded pixels neighboring the block and the block's bottom-right sample. The experimental results show that significant compression improvement can be achieved with depth sequences containing smooth regions. By visual inspection, it is also shown that the blocking artifacts are significantly reduced.
Multizone 2D soundfield reproduction via spatial band stop filters (2009)

Any attempt to create multiple independent soundfields in separate zones over an extended region of open space results in unintended interference in a given zones from other zones. In this paper, we design spatial band stop filters to suppress interzone interference in the regions of interests and pass the desired soundfields with no distortion. This is achieved by using the higher order spatial harmonics of one zone to cancel the undesirable effects of the lower order harmonics of the same zone on the other zones. We illustrate the work by designing and simulating a 2D two-zone soundfield.
An N*N optical multiplexer using a planar arrangement of two star couplers (1991)

The author describes the design of an integrated N*N multiplexer capable of simultaneously multiplexing and demultiplexing a large number (up to about 50) of input and output wavelength channels. The multiplexer is a generalization of the 2*2 Mach-Zehnder multiplexer. It consists of two N*M star couplers connected by M paths of unequal length. Aberrations caused by mutual coupling in the waveguide arrays are minimized by a correction scheme that causes each star coupler to accurately perform a Fourier transformation. The multiplexer should be useful as a wavelength routing device for long haul and local area networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effects of arterial pressure in an experimental isolated haemoperfused porcine kidney preservation system (2006)

Mean arterial pressures of either 95 or 75 mmHg were capable of sustaining physiological renal function, but kidneys in the 95-mmHg group demonstrated superior renal function overall.
Testing VLSI chips with weighted random patterns (2003)

A test methodology utilizing weighted random patterns (WRP) has recently been developed for level-sensitive scan design (LSSD) logic devices. An automated WRP test generation system combined with a tester modified to apply weighted random patterns has been implemented for the production testing of high-performance VLSI (very-large-scale-integration) chips. The advantages observed in using WRP are the following: (1) It provides full stuck fault coverage, unlike a random pattern test, and improves the coverage of nonmodeled faults compared to a deterministic test; (2) it can apply at least an order of magnitude more patterns to a device than a DET tet in less times on present testers, with many times fewer test data; (3) the computer time spent to generate the WRP test data is small compared to a deterministic test; (4) these advantages are realized with no chip circuit overhead other than that required for LSSD. WRP testing has resulted in a higher quality test at a significantly lower cost.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
[The influence of adrenaline on the expression of TGF-beta1, bFGF and I procollagen for hypertrophic scar]. (2005)

We conclude from these results that adrenaline can increase the production of bFGF and decrease production of TGF-beta1 and I procollagen in human normal dermal and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts cultured in vitro.
Review of the effects of infrasound on man. (1976)

Claims that infrasound adversely affects human performance, makes people "drunk," and directly elicits nystagmus, have not been clearly demonstrated in any experimental study. The effects obtained at low intensity levels of 105 to 120 dB, if they can be substantiated at all, have been exaggerated. Recent well-designed studies conducted at higher intensity levels have found no adverse effects of infrasound on reaction time or human equilibrium. The levels at which infrasound becomes a hazard to man are still unknown. However, the hazardous levels are certain to be much higher than have been suggested in some of the literature. The preliminary exposure limits which were proposed several years ago for use in the U.S.A. are still considered safe and adequate based on present knowledge. Caution is necessary in future research because artifacts produced by faulty experimental procedures can suggest genuine psychological or physiological effects.
Online price competition within and between heterogeneous retailer groups (2004)

This study presents a model of price competition in a market for a homogenous good with many asymmetrically positioned retailers, a typical example of which could be the online markets for books, music, movies or software. These markets are highly competitive oligopolies served by hundreds of active retailers and that have been affected by information technologies such as price comparison engines and shopping bots. In these markets, firms can only identify broad group memberships to clusters of firms, and compete within and across clusters based on this information, due to the incompleteness of information on the characteristics of firms. The characteristics of the firms that shape their competitive behavior are their established loyal segment sizes and potential comparison shopper segment sizes. To analyze such markets, we develop and solve a static game of price competition in an asymmetric oligopoly with numerous clusters of firms. In our analysis we see that the firms with the smallest loyal segment sizes and the largest switcher segment sizes engage in a fierce price competition while the members of all other groups prefer to price at their reservation price points. We also test and provide empirical support for our model predictions using pricing data on three categories. Our data set contains prices on 112 printers from 20 retailers, 95 cameras from 53 retailers and 1388 books from 15 retailers.
Subclavian artery thrombosis--management with thrombolysis and angioplasty. (2004)

A case of acute thrombotic occlusion is presented in a chronically stenosed subclavian artery with subclavian steal phenomenon noted on colour Doppler study and angiography. Because of economic constraints, thrombolysis with angioplasty was done instead of stenting. The patient is on follow-up for the past one year showing considerable improvement. The present case report confirms the efficacy of angioplasty as a suitable option in patients, who cannot afford to have a stent.
Topical Tretinoin for Treatment of Photodamaged Skin (1991)

• The clinical and histologic effects of a new emollient cream formulation of topical tretinoin at concentrations of 0.05% and 0.01% were examined in 251 subjects with mild to moderate photodamaged facial skin in a randomized, doubleblind, vehicle-controlled, multicenter study. Seventy-nine percent of the subjects who received 0.05% tretinoin for 24 weeks showed overall improvement in photodamaged skin compared with improvement in 48% of the vehicle-treated control subjects. Significant reductions were found in fine wrinkling, mottled hyperpigmentation, roughness, and laxity after 0.05% tretinoin therapy when compared with controls. In addition, histologic changes of increased epidermal thickness, decreased melanin content, and stratum corneum compaction provide independent evidence supporting clinical improvement. Side effects of erythema, peeling, and stinging were usually mild and well tolerated. (<i>Arch Dermatol.</i>1991;127:659-665)
Highly Efficient and Low Turn-On Voltage Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes by Using a Stepwise Hole-Transport Layer (2015)

Highly efficient red quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QD-LEDs) with a very high current efficiency of 16 cd/A were demonstrated by adopting stepwise hole-transport layers (HTLs) consisting of 4,4'-N,N'-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP) combined with N,N'-dicarbazolyl-3,5-benzene (mCP). The mCP layer plays two important roles in this kind of QD-LEDs. One is that it can block the electron to leak into the HTL due to its higher LUMO (LUMO = the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) energy level than that of CBP; and the other is it can separate the carrier accumulation zone from the exciton formation interface, which is attributed to the stepwise hole-transport layer structure. Moreover, the lower HOMO (HOMO = the highest occupied molecular orbital) energy level of mCP decreases the hole-injection barrier from the HTL to the QD emitting layer, which improves the charge carrier balance injected into the QD layer, reducing the turn-on voltage of QD-LEDs fabricated with the stepwise HTL structure.
Abdominal Normothermic Regional Perfusion in Donation After Circulatory Death: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal (2020)

Uniform reported outcome measures are needed to draw more definitive conclusions on transplant outcomes and organ utilization. A randomized controlled trial comparing aNRP with standard procurement technique in donation after circulatory death donors would be needed to show the added value of the procedure and determine its place among modern preservation techniques.
Mesoscale Ocean Altimetry Requirements and Impact of GPS-R measurements for Ocean Mesoscale Circulation Mapping (2002)

In the framework of the PARIS Beta project, fundamental milestones have been reached for the definition of future GNSS-R (Global Navigation Satellite System signal Reflections) altimetry missions (the PARIS concept). The most important one is the confirmation of the significant impact that GNSS-R data can have on mesoscale oceanography, as we discuss here. In this report, we first briefly review the contribution of satellite altimetry to mesoscale oceanography. We then summarise recent results obtained on the mapping capabilities of existing and future altimeter missions. From these analyses, refined requirements for mesoscale ocean altimetry (in terms of space/time sampling and accuracy) are derived. A review of on-going and planned altimetric missions is then performed and we analyse how these configurations match the user requirements. Then we will describe the simulation approach and impact analysis of GPS-R data.
Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins (RAMPs): New Insights and Roles (2015)

It is now recognized that G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), once considered largely independent functional units, have a far more diverse molecular architecture. Receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) provide an important example of proteins that interact with GPCRs to modify their function. RAMPs are able to act as pharmacological switches and chaperones, and they can regulate signaling and/or trafficking in a receptor-dependent manner. This review covers recent discoveries in the RAMP field and summarizes the known GPCR partners and functions of RAMPs. We also discuss the first peptide-bound structures of RAMP-GPCR complexes, which give insight into the molecular mechanisms that enable RAMPs to alter the pharmacology and signaling of GPCRs.
Costs and consequences of automated algorithms versus manual grading for the detection of referable diabetic retinopathy (2009)

Algorithm (b) is more cost-effective than the algorithm based on quality assessment and MA/DH detection. With respect to the value of introducing automated detection systems into screening programmes, automated grading operates within the recommended national standards in Scotland and is likely to be considered a cost-effective alternative to manual disease/no disease grading.
Infection of Human Volunteers with a Reovirus of Bovine Origin (1963)

Inoculation of volunteers with a bovine strain of reovirus type 1 produced infection in adult human volunteers. Following intranasal administration of the agent, virus excretion, serologic response and lack of clinical manifestations were similar to those observed in volunteers experimentally infected with a reovirus type 1 strain of human origin.
Biological activity of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide-O-glucuronide in corneal and conjunctival cells of rabbits and humans (1995)

Previous studies of topical retinoic acid for treatment of ocular surface disease met with limited success due to instability and irritancy of the retinoid and lack of efficacy in keratoconjunctivitis sicca. There has, however, been continued interest in the treatment of mucin deficiency and cicatrizing conjunctival diseases, such as ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP), topically with retinoids. In this study the biological activity of stable, water-soluble, synthetic retinoid, N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide-O-glucuronide (4-HPROG) was investigated in vivo and in vitro using conjunctival and corneal epithelium and fibroblasts. Vitamin A-deficient rabbits with stage 3-4 corneal xerosis and squamous metaplasia confirmed by conjunctival impression cytology were treated with topical 0.1% 4-HPROG in an artificial tear vehicle for 3 weeks. Impression cytology was repeated at 2 and 3 weeks and at 3 weeks conjunctival biopsies were fixed for histology. Growth curves were generated using conjunctival fibroblasts of rabbits and humans (normals and patients with cicatrizing conjunctival disease including OCP and Stevens-Johnson syndrome) cultured in the 10(-8)-10(-6) M 4-HPROG. In vivo, corneal xerosis cleared in three days. A normal conjunctival epithelium was restored by 2 weeks and goblet cells were present by 3 wk, with no change in vehicle-treated controls. No ocular irritation occurred. In vitro, 10(-6) M 4-HPROG inhibits growth of rabbit conjunctival fibroblasts. The retinoid had no effect on proliferation of conjunctival fibroblasts from normal humans but the doubling time of cells from patients with OCP increased significantly, from 50.9 +/- 10.01 h (control) to 61.5 +/- 8.95 h (retinoid). Proliferation of conjunctival fibroblasts from a patient with Stevens-Johnson syndrome was also inhibited. N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide-O-glucuronide is biologically active and merits further study to determine its efficacy in controlling conjunctival fibrosis and treating ocular surface squamous metaplasia.
Tobacco addiction (1996)

The devastating consequences of long-term tobacco use continue to rise in the USA and are on the increase throughout the world. The continuing debates on the addictiveness of nicotine, advances in effective treatment approaches for nicotine dependence, and current constraints in regulating tobacco products are discussed.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of Neutral and Cationic Pd–C,N,N Pincer Complexes (2005)

Abstract The ortho ‐palladation of the iminophosphane ligand 6‐phenyl‐2‐[(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imino]pyridine ( HL ) with Pd(OAc) 2 and PdCl 2 (PhCN) 2 in benzene yields the neutral Pd–C,N,N pincer complexes Pd(OAc)(κ 3 ‐C,N,N‐L) ( 1 ) and PdCl(κ 3 ‐C,N,N‐L) ( 2 ), respectively. In the presence of NaBAr′ 4 [Ar′ = 3,5‐(CF 3 ) 2 C 6 H 3 ], 2 reacts in CH 2 Cl 2 with MeCN, PPh 3 , or PH[ o ‐MeO(C 6 H 4 )] 2 to give the cationic palladium( II ) pincer complexes [Pd(CH 3 CN)(κ 3 ‐C,N,N‐L)]BAr′ 4 ( 3 ), [Pd(PPh 3 )(κ 3 ‐C,N,N‐L)]BAr′ 4 ( 4 ) and {Pd[PH( o ‐MeOC 6 H 4 ) 2 ](κ 3 ‐C,N,N‐L)}BAr′ 4 ( 5 ), respectively. Complexes 1 – 5 have been characterized by multinuclear NMR and IR spectroscopy. The solid‐state structures of 1 and 2 have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction techniques. Both the neutral compounds 1 and 2 and the cationic derivatives 3 , 4 , and 5 were tested as catalyst precursors for the Suzuki cross‐coupling of 4‐bromo‐ and 4‐chloroacetophenone with phenylboronic acid. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
A case report of vascular catheter-associated bacteremia caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a non-immunosuppressed patient (1999)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from a central venous catheter in a non-immunosuppressed patient with systemic tuberculosis. This case report represents a very uncommon form of isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A total improvement was obtained after treatment.
Gain Enhancement of Millimeter-Wave On-Chip Antenna Through an Additively Manufactured Functional Package (2020)

The antenna-on-chip (AoC) presents an excellent solution for applications requiring higher integration levels and lower cost; however, its radiation performance is poor due to the inherent lossy Si substrate in conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) processes. It is well known that every chip requires a package to protect it from the environment; however, this package does not provide any functionality, despite adding to the cost and required space. In this article, we propose a functional package that has been designed to enhance the gain of the AoC. A 71 GHz coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed on-chip monopole antenna, driven by a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and frequency doubler, was realized in the standard 0.18 μm CMOS technology. As a first step to enhance its gain, the AoC was designed on top of an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) surface. Further gain enhancement was achieved by transforming the chip package into a combination of a superstrate layer and a Fresnel lens, qualifying this as a system-on-package (SoP). The package has been realized through additive manufacturing to maintain the low-cost aspect. Overall, the measured gain of the packaged AoC is 6.8 dBi, which has been enhanced by ~20 dBs compared to the unpackaged antenna without an AMC layer.
Immunochemical Identification and Differential Phosphorylation of Alternatively Spliced Forms of the α1A Subunit of Brain Calcium Channels (1995)

Biochemical properties of the alpha 1 subunits of class A brain calcium channels (alpha 1A) were examined in adult rat brain membrane fractions using a site-directed anti-peptide antibody (anti-CNA3) specific for alpha 1A. Anti-CNA3 specifically immunoprecipitated high affinity receptor sites for omega-conotoxin MVIIC (Kd approximately 100 pM), but not receptor sites for the dihydropyridine isradipine or for omega-conotoxin GVIA. In immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation experiments, anti-CNA3 recognized at least two distinct immunoreactive alpha 1A polypeptides, a major form with an apparent molecular mass of 190 kDa and a minor, full-length form with an apparent molecular mass of 220 kDa. The 220- and 190-kDa alpha 1A polypeptides were also specifically recognized by both anti-BI-Nt and anti-BI-1-Ct antibodies, which are directed against the NH2- and COOH-terminal ends of alpha 1A predicted from cDNA sequence, respectively. These data indicate that the predicted NH2 and COOH termini are present in both size forms and therefore that these isoforms of alpha 1A are created by alternative RNA splicing rather than post-translational proteolytic processing of the NH2 or COOH termini. The 220-kDa form was phosphorylated preferentially by cAMP-dependent protein kinase, whereas protein kinase C and cGMP-dependent protein kinase preferentially phosphorylated the 190-kDa form. Our results identify at least two distinct alpha 1A subunits with different molecular mass, demonstrate that they may result from alternative mRNA splicing, and suggest that they may be differentially regulated by protein phosphorylation.
Inhibition of TGF-? signaling exacerbates early cardiac dysfunction but prevents late remodeling after infarction (2004)

The activation of TGF-beta is protective against ischemic myocardial damage during the early phase. However, the beneficial effects might be lost, when its expression is sustained, thereby leading to LV remodeling and failure after MI.
High Calcium Scores in Coronary CT Angiography: Effects of Image Post-Processing on Visualization and Measurement of Coronary Lumen Diameter (2014)

High calcium scores due to heavy calcification in the coronary artery wall present challenge to accurately diagnose coronary artery stenosis due to blooming artifacts associated with the severe calcification. This has been reported to significantly reduce specificity when compared to the diagnostic value in patients with low calcium scores. In this study, we tested a number of image post-processing approaches in a sample patient with high calcium scores (>400) with the aim of determining the appropriate technique for reduction of the effect of high calcium scores on the visualization of coronary artery wall and measurement of the coronary lumen diameter. Our results showed that the image post-processing approach, default ImageJ sharpen function improved the visualization of coronary artery with measured coronary lumen diameter similar to that measured with invasive coronary angiography. Our preliminary findings highlight the potential value of using image post-processing techniques for minimizing artifacts due to high calcium scores, although further studies with more robust data analysis and evaluation are warranted.