gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Review of Printable Flexible and Stretchable Tactile Sensors (2019)

Flexible and stretchable tactile sensors that are printable, nonplanar, and dynamically morphing are emerging to enable proprioceptive interactions with the unstructured surrounding environment. Owing to its varied range of applications in the field of wearable electronics, soft robotics, human-machine interaction, and biomedical devices, it is required of these sensors to be flexible and stretchable conforming to the arbitrary surfaces of their stiff counterparts. The challenges in maintaining the fundamental features of these sensors, such as flexibility, sensitivity, repeatability, linearity, and durability, are tackled by the progress in the fabrication techniques and customization of the material properties. This review is aimed at summarizing the recent progress of rapid prototyping of sensors, printable material preparation, required printing properties, flexible and stretchable mechanisms, and promising applications and highlights challenges and opportunities in this research paradigm.
Improving data driven wordclass tagging by system combination (1998)

In this paper we examine how the differences in modelling between different data driven systems performing the same NLP task can be exploited to yield a higher accuracy than the best individual system. We do this by means of an experiment involving the task of morpho-syntactic wordclass tagging. Four well-known tagger generator (Hidden Markov Model, Memory-Based, Transformation Rules and Maximum Entropy) are trained on the same corpus data. After comparison, their outputs are combined using several voting strategies and second stage classifiers. All combination taggers outperform their best component, with the best combination showing a 19.1% lower error rate than the best indvidual tagger.
Demonstration of an integrated electroactive polymer actuator on a microfluidic electrophoresis device (2009)

The construction of microfluidic devices from siloxane-based polymers is widely reported in the current literature. While the use of these materials is primarily due to their rapid and facile fabrication, low cost and robustness, they also have the ability to function as smart materials. This feature, however, has not been commonly exploited in conjunction with their fluid-handling capabilities. Siloxanes are considered smart materials because their shapes can be modified in the presence of an electric field. The energy in the electric field can be transduced into mechanical energy and directly coupled with a microfabricated channel network in order to affect or initiate the movement of fluids. Here, we present a novel microfluidic device into which an electroactive polymer (EAP) actuation unit is integrated. The EAP actuation unit features a microfluidic channel placed above a patterned electrode. The patterned electrode is insulated from the channel by an EAP layer that is composed of PDMS. When a potential is applied across the EAP layer, it changes shape, which also changes the volume of the microfluidic channel above it. With this proof-of-concept device we demonstrated the ability to inject plugs of sample on a standard electrophoresis cross chip solely by changing the magnitude of the electric field between the channel and the electrode. Using an EAP actuation unit, the size of the injection plugs can be varied as a function of the electric field, the active area of the EAP actuation unit and the softness of the EAP.
Stereoselective Alkylidenation of Ketones with 2-(<i>p</i>-Toluenesulfinyl)benzyl Iodide: Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Trisubstituted Epoxides (2008)

Alkylidenation of arylmethyl, dialkyl, and cyclic ketones with 2-( p-toluenesulfinyl)benzyl iodide in the presence of NaN(SiMe3)2 takes place with a high or complete control of the facial selectivity at the carbonyl group (up to 98% de) and the carbanion (>98% de), respectively, yielding mixtures of only two optically pure trisubstituted epoxides ( E/Z ratio ranges between 2:1 and >50:1). Removal of the p-tolylsulfinyl group with t-BuLi provides the corresponding (E)-3-phenyl-2,2-disubstituted epoxides without affecting their optical purity.
Novel translocation of theBCL10 gene in a case of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (2000)

Interest has focused on a recently identified gene, BCL10, thought to play an important role in the genesis of extranodal, marginal zone (MALT) lymphomas. This gene belongs to a family containing caspase recruitment domains (CARD), that are involved in the apoptotic pathway. Translocations of the BCL10 gene to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus at 14q32 have been described. We report herein a case of MALT lymphoma showing t(1; 2)(p22; p12). The translocation was shown to involve the BCL10 gene and the immunoglobulin kappa light chain locus by fluorescence in situ hybridization.
Evidence for Fas-Dependent and Fas-Independent Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (1999)

To determine whether Fas or Fas ligand (FasL) plays a role in susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we bred a TCR transgenic mouse specific for the Ac1-11 peptide of myelin basic protein to mice with inactivating mutations in Fas (lpr) or FasL (gld). Disease induction by peptide immunization in such mice produced similar disease scores, demonstrating that Fas/FasL interactions were not necessary to generate EAE. However, adoptive transfer experiments showed evidence that these interactions can play a role in the pathogenesis of EAE, shown most dramatically by the absence of disease following transfer of cells from a normal myelin basic protein TCR transgenic mouse into a Fas-deficient lpr recipient. Furthermore, transfer of cells lacking FasL (gld) into normal or gld recipients gave a diminished disease score. Thus, Fas/FasL interactions can play a role in the pathogenesis of EAE, but they are not required for disease to occur.
Case History of Innovative Plug and Abandonment Equipment and Processes for Enhanced Safety and Significant Cost Savings (2011)

Abstract Traditional rigless plug-and-abandonment (P&A) operations are time consuming and rely upon methods that are potentially detrimental to personnel, the environment and the assets involved. With rising standards for personnel safety, increased costs and the delicate nature of working in fragile ecosystems, the development of innovative technologies and the application of resources for well abandonment operations is vital to the oil and gas industry. This paper examines the successful deployment of first-to-market intervention and well abandonment equipment to solve P&A problems in a safe and efficient manner on multiple offshore projects. The focal point of specialized equipment examined in this paper is the pulling and jacking units (Units) which are being used in offshore operations that include intervention and well abandonment to address hurricane damaged platforms as well as aging wells in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). These Units are designed to rapidly provide a strong foundation for intervention and well abandonment resources to conduct multiple project tasks. Currently there are two hydraulically actuated pulling and jacking units operating in the GoM market. Despite significant challenges, both of these units have demonstrated an excellent safety record and significant cost savings to the operator. Unit 1 was commissioned in June 2007 and has operated successfully on multiple platforms with no recordable incidents in its three-and-a-half-year history. Unit 2 is currently on its initial project. Since commencing operations in October 2009, it is 108 days ahead of schedule, which equates to a cost savings of $10.8 million to the operator. These Units provide a complete, innovative project package and their success, along with the use of decommissioning equipment, has created opportunities for all involved to make enhanced safety and significant cost savings a reality.
Anti-cytokine autoantibodies suggest pathogenetic links with autoimmune regulator deficiency in humans and mice (2012)

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a recessive disorder resulting from mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE). The patients' autoantibodies recognize not only multiple organ-specific targets, but also many type I interferons (IFNs) and most T helper type 17 (Th17) cell-associated cytokines, whose biological actions they neutralize in vitro. These anti-cytokine autoantibodies are highly disease-specific: otherwise, they have been found only in patients with thymomas, tumours of thymic epithelial cells that fail to express AIRE. Moreover, autoantibodies against Th17 cell-associated cytokines correlate with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in both syndromes. Here, we demonstrate that the immunoglobulin (Ig)Gs but not the IgAs in APECED sera are responsible for neutralizing IFN-ω, IFN-α2a, interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-22. Their dominant subclasses proved to be IgG1 and, surprisingly, IgG4 without IgE, possibly implicating regulatory T cell responses and/or epithelia in their initiation in these AIRE-deficiency states. The epitopes on IL-22 and IFN-α2a appeared mainly conformational. We also found mainly IgG1 neutralizing autoantibodies to IL-17A in aged AIRE-deficient BALB/c mice - the first report of any target shared by these human and murine AIRE-deficiency states. We conclude that autoimmunization against cytokines in AIRE deficiency is not simply a mere side effect of chronic mucosal Candida infection, but appears to be related more closely to disease initiation.
Metal Reagents in Organic Reactions. Part-VI 1,2. Oxidation of Indoles with Thallium( III) Acetate (1998)

Chemistry Department, University College of Science, Calcutta-700 009 <em>Manuscript received 12 August 1998</em> The action of thallium(III) acetate on a number of in doles, differently substituted in the 2- and 3-positions, has been investigated. Monomeric and 'dimeric' oxidation products are obtained; the structures of the products depend on the substituents present in the substrate. A novel oxidative dimerisation of 2,3-disubstituted indoles to indolo(3,2-b)carbazoles is observed. The generation of the products could be rationalised by the initial formation of an unstable, non-isolable 3-thallated-indolenine derivative.
The behaviour of a SiO<sub>2</sub>–Li<sub>2</sub>O glass ceramic during one-dimensional shock loading (2005)

The shock response of a Li2O–SiO2 glass ceramic has been studied by the technique of plate impact. The Hugoniot in terms of impact stress and particle velocity has been measured using embedded stress gauges, showing an increasing complexity of behaviour as impact stress increases. Back surface measurements have revealed the presence of a reload signal, indicating the presence of a moving damage front behind the main shock—the so-called failure wave. This has been confirmed by stress gauges mounted so as to be sensitive to the lateral component of stress. Results show that the shear strength ahead of the failure wave is near elastic in its response. Behind the failure wave, shear strength drops, but is still higher than the equivalent results in silicate glasses, suggesting that this material has superior ballistic resistance.
Low-resistance and highly transparent Ni/indium-tin oxide ohmic contacts to phosphorous-doped p-type ZnO (2005)

The use of a Ni (50 Å)/indium tin oxide (ITO) (500 Å) bilayer scheme for low-resistance and transparent ohmic contacts to phosphorous doped p-type ZnO was investigated. Ni/indium tin oxide (ITO) (50/500 Å) layers were prepared by electron-beam evaporation. Although the as-deposited Ni/ITO contact was highly resistant and opaque, contact resistance and transparency were greatly improved by a thermal annealing process. A specific contact resistance as low as 6.2×10−5Ωcm2 was obtained after thermal annealing at 400 °C for 1 min under an N2 ambient. The measured light transmittance of the Ni/ITO (50/500 Å) bilayer on p-type ZnO was determined to be above 80% at a wavelength of 400–600 nm. These results strongly indicate that the use of a Ni/ITO has considerable promise for ZnO-based optical devices.
Further results on distributed secondary control in microgrids (2013)

This work presents several analysis and design results for primary droop control and secondary control in inductive microgrids. Building on our recent work, we study the problem of set point design in droop-controlled microgrids, and provide a choice of droop coefficients leading to the desired power flows. We then compare and contrast two distributed secondary controllers, and extend them to the case where only a fraction of inverters cooperate in regulating the network frequency. We show that both these secondary-control schemes achieve frequency regulation in the presence of resistive losses.
Task planning for autonomous control systems (2002)

A mechanism for planning that is based on a temporal model that emphasizes the possible relationships between tasks in the time domain is presented. A control loop is devised to build, validate, execute, and evaluate task plans. Each agent in the control loop receives feedback to ensure that robust, valid plans are prepared for execution. Status and side-effects from plan executions are evaluated and fed into the planning agent for replanning, providing an experimental architecture for autonomous operations. This mechanism has been developed to help automate maintenance and repair operations for space station Freedom.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
trans-2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-bis(3-aminopropyl)pyrrolidinyl-1-oxy: a trans-diamino azethoxyl nitroxide (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTtrans-2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-bis(3-aminopropyl)pyrrolidinyl-1-oxy: a trans-diamino azethoxyl nitroxideJohn F. W. Keana and Vaikunth S. PrabhuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 22, 4300–4301Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00372a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00372a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views118Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dynamic Time-Alignment Kernel in Support Vector Machine (2001)

A new class of Support Vector Machine (SVM) that is applica-ble to sequential-pattern recognition such as speech recognition is developed by incorporating an idea of non-linear time alignment into the kernel function. Since the time-alignment operation of sequential pattern is embedded in the new kernel function, stan-dard SVM training and classication algorithms can be employed without further modications. The proposed SVM (DTAK-SVM) is evaluated in speaker-dependent speech recognition experiments of hand-segmented phoneme recognition. Preliminary experimen-tal results show comparable recognition performance with hidden Markov models (HMMs). 1
A robust metallo‐oxidase from the hyperthermophilic bacterium <i>Aquifex aeolicus</i> (2007)

The gene, Aquifex aeolicus AAC07157.1, encoding a multicopper oxidase (McoA) and localized in the genome as part of a putative copper-resistance determinant, has been cloned, over-expressed in Escherichia coli and the recombinant enzyme purified to homogeneity. The purified enzyme shows spectroscopic and biochemical characteristics typical of the well-characterized multicopper oxidase family of enzymes. McoA presents higher specificity (k(cat)/K(m)) for cuprous and ferrous ions than for aromatic substrates and is therefore designated as a metallo-oxidase. Addition of copper is required for maximal catalytic efficiency. A comparative model structure of McoA has been constructed and a striking structural feature is the presence of a methionine-rich region (residues 321-363), reminiscent of those found in copper homeostasis proteins. The kinetic properties of a mutant enzyme, McoADeltaP321-V363, deleted in the methionine-rich region, provide evidence for the key role of this region in the modulation of the catalytic mechanism. McoA has an optimal temperature of 75 degrees C and presents remarkable heat stability at 80 and 90 degrees C, with activity lasting for up to 9 and 5 h, respectively. McoA probably contributes to copper and iron homeostasis in A. aeolicus.
Wavelength trimming technology for multiple-wavelengthdistributed-feedback laser arraysby photo-induced refractive index change (1997)

The authors propose a novel post-fabrication wavelength-error correction method in distributed-feedback (DFB) laser arrays without using external active control circuitry, namely ‘wavelength trimming technology’. Se-based chalcogenide glass has been used which has a refractive index change of ~1% induced by light irradiation as a part of a waveguide of 1.55 µm DFB laser and wavelength trimming of 0.14 nm is demonstrated.
Synthesis and Antifertility Activity of 4-and5-(ι-Arylalkyl)oxazolidinethiones (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Antifertility Activity of 4-and5-(ι-Arylalkyl)oxazolidinethionesDaniel Lednicer and P. Edward EmmertCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1968, 11, 6, 1258–1262Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1968Publication History Published online20 September 2004Published inissue 1 November 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00312a608https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00312a608research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views296Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mining frequent patterns without candidate generation (2000)

Mining frequent patterns in transaction databases, time-series databases, and many other kinds of databases has been studied popularly in data mining research. Most of the previous studies adopt an Apriori-like candidate set generation-and-test approach. However, candidate set generation is still costly, especially when there exist prolific patterns and/or long patterns.
Using allele frequencies and geographic subdivision to reconstruct gene trees within a species: molecular variance parsimony. (1994)

We formalize the use of allele frequency and geographic information for the construction of gene trees at the intraspecific level and extend the concept of evolutionary parsimony to molecular variance parsimony. The central principle is to consider a particular gene tree as a variable to be optimized in the estimation of a given population statistic. We propose three population statistics that are related to variance components and that are explicit functions of phylogenetic information. The methodology is applied in the context of minimum spanning trees (MSTs) and human mitochondrial DNA restriction data, but could be extended to accommodate other tree-making procedures, as well as other data types. We pursue optimal trees by heuristic optimization over a search space of more than 1.29 billion MSTs. This very large number of equally parsimonious trees underlines the lack of resolution of conventional parsimony procedures. This lack of resolution is highlighted by the observation that equally parsimonious trees yield very different estimates of population genetic diversity and genetic structure, as shown by null distributions of the population statistics, obtained by evaluation of 10,000 random MSTs. We propose a non-parametric test for the similarity between any two trees, based on the distribution of a weighted coevolutionary correlation. The ability to test for tree relatedness leads to the definition of a class of solutions instead of a single solution. Members of the class share virtually all of the critical internal structure of the tree but differ in the placement of singleton branch tips.
Compact PSR Based on an Asymmetric Bi-level Lateral Taper in an Adiabatic Directional Coupler (2015)

We propose a compact silicon-on-insulator polarization splitter-rotator (PSR). The PSR consists of an asymmetric bilevel lateral taper in an adiabatic directional coupler and convert TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> mode to TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> mode directly without changing the input TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> mode. Compared to the previously reported PSR based on TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> -TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> polarization rotator connected to a TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> spatial mode order convertor in series, the proposed PSR has a one-step mode conversion, and is inherently more compact. Beside, since the conversion is fully adiabatic, it preserves the benefits of large fabrication tolerance and operation bandwidth. The simulation results show that the TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> -TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> polarization conversion loss is less than 0.5 dB from 1500 to 1700 nm and even less than 0.2 dB over the whole C-band. The TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> -TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> insertion loss is less than 0.01 dB from 1450 to 1750 nm. The polarization crosstalk is below -35 dB within 300-nm bandwidth.