gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrophoresis of Serum Proteins in Acrylamide Gel (1963)

Journal Article Electrophoresis of Serum Proteins in Acrylamide Gel: II. An Improved Apparatus and Technic for the Removal of Background Stain, by Means of an Electric Current Get access Thomas G. Ferris, LCDR, MSC, USNR, Thomas G. Ferris, LCDR, MSC, USNR 1Rear Admiral George W. Calver's Physical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Room 322, U. S. Naval Medical School, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda 14, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Robert E. Easterling, HM1, USN, Robert E. Easterling, HM1, USN 1Rear Admiral George W. Calver's Physical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Room 322, U. S. Naval Medical School, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda 14, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Richard E. Budd, HMC, USN Richard E. Budd, HMC, USN 1Rear Admiral George W. Calver's Physical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Room 322, U. S. Naval Medical School, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda 14, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 39, Issue 2_ts, February 1963, Pages 193–197, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/39.2_ts.193 Published: 01 February 1963 Article history Received: 15 July 1962 Accepted: 15 October 1962 Published: 01 February 1963
Nanocomposite Silicalite-1/Polydimethylsiloxane Membranes for Pervaporation of Ethanol from Dilute Aqueous Solutions (2013)

Separation of alcohols from dilute aqueous solutions is important to enable continuous microbial production of biofuels. Pervaporation is a process with great potential for continuous extraction of alcohols from biological fermentation broths. Here, we report on the synthesis and pervaporation performance of thin, supported pure polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and silicalite-1/PDMS nanocomposite membranes with nanoparticle contents of 10, 20, and 30 wt %. Using a batch pervaporation system, we measured flux and separation factors of the membranes for solutions of 4 wt % ethanol in water at 25 °C, 50 °C, and 65 °C. With increased nanosilicalite loadings in the nanocomposite membranes, we obtained both increased flux and increased alcohol separation factors.
Design of Real and Complex Linear-Phase IIR Modified QMF Banks (2006)

A design of linear-phase IIR (infinite impulse response) modified QMF banks including both real and complex valued coefficients is proposed. This design is based on parallel structure of two complex allpass filters. We first introduce a complex analog allpass filter, designed using elliptic functions and the PR (perfect reconstruction) conditions. We use bilinear transformation to obtain the digital counterpart of this analog allpass filter. Depending on the parity of the order N of the complex allpass filter, the resulting IIR filters in the filter bank can be either real or complex. If N is even, the IIR filters are real, otherwise they are complex. Using complex IIR analysis filters, the corresponding magnitude responses have an extra zero around omega = 3pi/2. The method is illustrated by means of examples
Protocatechuic acid inhibits the growth of ovarian cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and autophagy (2018)

Protocatechuic acid (PCA), present in many fruits and vegetables, exhibited various biological activities. Here, we provided evidence that it could be developed as a potential chemotherapeutic agent against human ovarian cancer. We found that PCA treatment significantly reduced the cell viability and colony formation of OVCAR-3, SKOV-3, and A2780 cells. OVCAR-3 cells were selected as a test model system for investigating molecular mechanism. PCA treatment induced cell cycle arrest in G<sub>2</sub> /M phase, the activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3, the upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2 in OVCAR-3 cells. We also observed that PCA treatment significantly caused upregulation of autophagy-related protein LC3-II and induced GFP-LC3 puncta formation. Furthermore, cotreatment with PCA and autophagy inhibitor attenuated the cytotoxicity induced by PCA in OVCAR-3 cells. Moreover, our results showed that PCA increased the intracellular levels of glutathione and decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species that might be related to the inhibition effect of PCA on OVCAR-3 cells. Our data revealed that PCA could modulate apoptosis and autophagy, suggesting the potential of PCA for chemoprevention and chemotherapy of ovarian cancer.
Polarization mode dispersion in single-mode optical fibers: time impulse response (2003)

Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) induced by random birefringence into single-mode optical fibers can be the dominant source of pulse distortion in high bit-rate transmission systems, when the chromatic dispersion is compensated. Up to now only second order PMD approximations have been studied. In this paper the PMD time impulse response is given, accounting for all-order frequency variation of the differential group delay (DGD) and of the principal states of polarizations (PSP). A detailed analysis of all the principal PMD coefficients is presented, including for the first time the second order PSP rotation terms, whose effects cannot be neglected in a correct output envelope analysis.
Comparison of induced resistance activated by benzothiadiazole, (2R,3R)‐butanediol and an isoparaffin mixture against anthracnose of <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> (2010)

Resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana against anthracnose caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Colletotrichum orbiculare was activated by benzothiadiazole (BTH), (2R,3R)­butanediol or PC1, an isoparaffin‐based mixture. In inoculation experiments, BTH, (2R,3R)­butanediol and PC1 reduced the number of lesions per leaf area caused by C . orbiculare by 98%, 77% and 81%, respectively. Foliar application of BTH induced expression of genes for the acidic pathogenesis‐related (PR) proteins, NbPR‐1a , NbPR‐ 3 Q and acidic NbPR‐ 5. In contrast, soil application of (2R,3R)­butanediol or PC1 primed expression of genes for the basic PR proteins, NbPRb‐1b , basic NbPR‐2 and NbPR‐5dB . These results are consistent with the activation of salicylic‐acid‐dependent systemic acquired resistance (SAR) by BTH and that of jasmonate/ethylene‐dependent induced systemic resistance (ISR) by (2R,3R)­butanediol or PC1, and show that (2R,3R)­butanediol and PC1 can affect gene expression similarly to plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria. However, the effects of (2R,3R)‐butanediol and PC1 were not identical. In addition to priming, (2R,3R)‐butanediol induced expression of basic NbPR‐2 , whereas PC1 treatment induced expression of both NbPRb‐1b and basic NbPR‐2 . Although a number of microbial products, such as (2R,3R)­butanediol, have been shown to produce ISR, this is the first demonstration that an isoparaffin‐based mixture, not derived from a microorganism, can produce ISR.
Self-mixed antibiotic bone cement: western countries learn from developing countries (2009)

The paper of Rasyid et al. (2009) in this issue of Acta Orthopaedica addresses a problem that is important for those who treat bone and joint infections in developing countries, but increasingly al...
Characterization of <i>Escherichia coli cspE</i>, whose product negatively regulates transcription of <i>cspA</i>, the gene for the major cold shock protein (1999)

Escherichia coli contains nine members of the CspA protein family from CspA to Cspl. To elucidate the cellular function of CspE, we constructed a delta cspE strain. CspE is highly produced at 37 degrees C. The synthesis level of CspE transiently increased during the growth lag period after dilution of stationary-phase cells into the fresh medium at 37 degrees C. This is consistent with the delta cspE phenotype of the longer growth lag period after dilution. The protein synthesis patterns of the delta cspE strain and the wild-type strain were compared using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. In the delta cspE strain, the synthesis of a number of proteins at 37 degrees C was found to be altered and cspA was derepressed. The derepression of cspA in the delta cspE strain was at the level of transcription in a promoter-independent fashion but was not caused by stabilization of the cspA mRNA, which was shown to be a major cause of CspA induction after cold shock. In vitro transcription assays demonstrated that both CspE and CspA enhanced transcription pause at the region immediately downstream of the cold box, a putative repressor binding site on the cspA mRNA. In a cell-free protein synthesis system using S-30 cell extracts, CspA production was specifically inhibited by the addition of CspE. These results indicate that CspE functions as a negative regulator for cspA expression at 37 degrees C, probably by interacting with the transcription elongation complex at the cspA cold box region.
Analysis of Iron in Ferritin, the Iron-Storage Protein: A General Chemistry Experiment (1998)

The chemical properties of the iron-storage protein ferritin will be examined in this experiment by quantitating the average amount of iron in a ferritin sample, and observing the kinetics of iron release from the protein core under reducing conditions. Students learn and apply the principles of absorption spectroscopy, redox reactions, and metal chelation to study ferritin. The presentation of the basic concepts of protein and molecular structure is greatly enhanced through the use of a computer-based graphical tutorial which is available on the World Wide Web on the on the Washington University Department of Chemistry homepage. The computer-based tutorial serves as an introduction to three-dimensional structure and molecular structure-function relationships. The experiment is derived from a standard general-chemistry experiment in which the concentration of an iron unknown is determined spectroscopically using a chromophoric indicator. However, application of this technique to ferritin, which stores iron as an iron-oxide mineral core, helps to develop links between general chemistry and biology, and to use biological importance as a driving force for studying chemistry.
Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor (1995)

A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled. The condensate fraction first appeared near a temperature of 170 nanokelvin and a number density of 2.5 x 10(12) per cubic centimeter and could be preserved for more than 15 seconds. Three primary signatures of Bose-Einstein condensation were seen. (i) On top of a broad thermal velocity distribution, a narrow peak appeared that was centered at zero velocity. (ii) The fraction of the atoms that were in this low-velocity peak increased abruptly as the sample temperature was lowered. (iii) The peak exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.
Examination of blood flow in rat brain vessels using fluid dynamic simulation and phase contrast magnetic resonance angiography (2010)

The exact knowledge of the blood vessel geometry plays an important role, not only in clinical applications (stroke diagnosis, detection of stenosis), but also for deeper analysis of hemodynamic functional data, such as fMRI strongly depending on the vessel structure. Such vessel geometries can be obtained by different MR angiographic. First we present algorithms for automatic vessel reconstructions from different MRA angiographic modalities. Moreover, we show that simulations using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be used to validate the vessel geometry, reconstructed from time-of-flight (TOF) angiograms. CFD simulations are based on phase-contrast angiography (PC-MRA) data, since these data contain rheological information (phases) besides merely amplitudes as is the case for TOF measurements. Parts of the rat brain vessel system are carefully modeled consisting of a main tube and second order branches. By analyzing velocity changes up and downstream of bifurcations, we show that CFD can be used to help detecting missing vessels in the TOF based reconstruction. We demonstrated this by artificially deleting a branch from the reconstruction and compared the flow in both resulting CFD simulations. Finally the simulations help to understand the effects of secondary branches on the flow in the main tube.
Tetrameric Gallium and Aluminum Chalcogenides, [<i>t</i>BuME]<sub>4</sub> (M Al, Ga; E S, Se, Te). A New Class of Heterocubanes (1991)

Sulfur, selenium and tellurium react with tBu3Ga to give heterocubanes [tBuGa(μ3-E)]4 (E  S (l), Se, Te). In analogous reactions with tBu3Al, the dimeric intermediates [tBu2Al(μ2-EtBu)]2 can also be isolated; upon heating, these are converted into the corresponding cubanes. Such chalcogenides are not only of importance with regard to bond theory but also as starting materials for the preparation of layer compounds of elements of the 3rd and 5th main groups.
Eddy Current Effects in the Laminated Containment Structure of Railguns (2006)

The propulsive force in a railgun is reduced by eddy currents induced in the conductive containment structure. Here, we examine how a simple railgun's inductance gradient, which is directly proportional to the propulsive force, depends on containment structure geometry and armature motion. Numerical simulations were used for the sensitivity study as well as to understand eddy-current distribution and consequent effects under various kinematic conditions. Such characterization will aid in judicious design of containment structure
Superfilamentation in Air (2014)

The interaction between a large number of laser filaments brought together using weak external focusing leads to the emergence of few filamentary structures reminiscent of standard filaments, but carrying a higher intensity. The resulting plasma is measured to be 1 order of magnitude denser than for short-scale filaments. This new propagation regime is dubbed superfilamentation. Numerical simulations of a nonlinear envelope equation provide good agreement with experiments.
Cesium Vapor Dispenser (1964)

A simple dispenser of cesium vapor was investigated to determine its utility as a stable and controllable source of cesium vapor for long life applications. The dispenser is basically a container filled with a mixture of cesium chromate and silicon powder. The powder reacts when it is heated to temperatures near 1000°K, and it releases a cesium vapor stream through a slit. The cesium vapor release rate was found to be stable and controllable by adjustments of the powder temperature. A constant and stable cesium flux could, therefore, be maintained over periods of many hours. At temperatures below 800°K the powder mixture is inert. This permits conventional bake-out of the device and provides a convenient source of cesium vapor in demountable vacuum systems. These dispensers have been used successfully in experimental energy converters, cesiated cathode tubes, and in demountable vacuum systems.
Functional status of persons with chronic fatigue syndrome in the Wichita, Kansas, population. (2003)

Persons with chronic fatigue syndrome are as impaired as persons whose fatigue could be explained by a medical or psychiatric condition, and they have less energy than non-fatigued controls.
Human Organoids Share Structural and Genetic Features with Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors (2018)

Patient-derived pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) organoid systems show great promise for understanding the biological underpinnings of disease and advancing therapeutic precision medicine. Despite the increased use of organoids, the fidelity of molecular features, genetic heterogeneity, and drug response to the tumor of origin remain important unanswered questions limiting their utility. To address this gap in knowledge, primary tumor- and patient-derived xenograft (PDX)-derived organoids, and 2D cultures for in-depth genomic and histopathologic comparisons with the primary tumor were created. Histopathologic features and PDAC representative protein markers (e.g., claudin 4 and CA19-9) showed strong concordance. DNA- and RNA-sequencing (RNAseq) of single organoids revealed patient-specific genomic and transcriptomic consistency. Single-cell RNAseq demonstrated that organoids are primarily a clonal population. In drug response assays, organoids displayed patient-specific sensitivities. In addition, the <i>in vivo</i> PDX response to FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine/abraxane treatments were examined, which was recapitulated <i>in vitro</i> with organoids. This study has demonstrated that organoids are potentially invaluable for precision medicine as well as preclinical drug treatment studies because they maintain distinct patient phenotypes and respond differently to drug combinations and dosage. IMPLICATIONS: The patient-specific molecular and histopathologic fidelity of organoids indicate that they can be used to understand the etiology of the patient's tumor and the differential response to therapies and suggests utility for predicting drug responses.
Photoconductivity of single-wall carbon nanotubes under continuous-wave near-infrared illumination (2003)

The photoconductivity of films of single-wall carbon nanotubes has been studied under continuous-wave near-infrared illumination. The photocurrent exhibits a linear response with the light intensity and with bias voltage up to 5 V. The temporal photoresponse of on/off step illumination shows a relatively slow relaxation time (4.3 s for films with a thickness of ∼500 nm), which can be interpreted in terms of a kinetic model that takes into account the binding of photoelectrons with adsorbed oxygen. Possible applications of this photosensitive material are discussed.
The Clostridium small RNome that responds to stress: the paradigm and importance of toxic metabolite stress in C. acetobutylicum (2013)

Our results support an important role for sRNAs for understanding the complexity of the regulatory network that underlies the stress response in Clostridium organisms, whether related to normophysiology, pathogenesis or biotechnological applications.
Cascade Biocatalysis for Sustainable Asymmetric Synthesis: From Biobased <scp>l</scp>‐Phenylalanine to High‐Value Chiral Chemicals (2016)

Sustainable synthesis of useful and valuable chiral fine chemicals from renewable feedstocks is highly desirable but remains challenging. Reported herein is a designed and engineered set of unique non-natural biocatalytic cascades to achieve the asymmetric synthesis of chiral epoxide, diols, hydroxy acid, and amino acid in high yield and with excellent ee values from the easily available biobased l-phenylalanine. Each of the cascades was efficiently performed in one pot by using the cells of a single recombinant strain over-expressing 4-10 different enzymes. The cascade biocatalysis approach is promising for upgrading biobased bulk chemicals to high-value chiral chemicals. In addition, combining the non-natural enzyme cascades with the natural metabolic pathway of the host strain enabled the fermentative production of the chiral fine chemicals from glucose.
Voltage sensing based built-in current sensor for iddq test (2005)

Quiescent current leakage test of the VDD supply (IDDQ Test) has been proven an\neffective way to screen out defective chips in manufacturing of Integrated Circuits (IC).\nAs technology advances, the traditional IDDQ test is facing more and more challenges. In\nthis research, a practical built-in current sensor (BICS) is proposed and the design is\nverified by three generations of test chips. The BICS detects the signal by sensing the\nvoltage drop on supply lines of the circuit under test (CUT). Then the sensor performs\nanalog-to-digital conversion of the input signal using a stochastic process with scan chain\nreadout. Self-calibration and digital chopping are used to minimize offset and low\nfrequency noise and drift. This non-invasive procedure avoids any performance\ndegradation of the CUT. The measurement results of test chips are presented. The sensor\nachieves a high IDDQ resolution with small chip area overhead. This will enable IDDQ of\nfuture technology generations.
Direct anterior screw fixation for recent and remote odontoid fractures (2000)

Direct anterior screw fixation is an effective and safe method for treating recent odontoid fractures (<6 months postinjury). It confers immediate stability, preserves C1-2 rotatory motion, and achieves a fusion rate that compares favorably with alternative treatment methods. In contradistinction, in patients with remote fractures (> or = 18 months postinjury) a significantly lower rate of fusion is found when using this technique, and these patients are believed to be poor candidates for this procedure.
Where angels fear to tread (1989)

OR involves the development and use of technology within a social context. GRAHAM JONES describes some aspects of managing relationships with clients and technology. A simple framework is suggested to aid discussion of OR practice.
Enrichment of Mutants of Mucor racemosus by Differential Freeze-killing (1978)

An efficient technique for the enrichment of mutants of Mucor racemosus by differential freeze-killing is described. Ungerminated spores were resistant to freeze-killing. During germination susceptibility increased up to a maximum coinciding with the appearance of germ tubes. Under optimum conditions a thousandfold preferential survival of growth-limited spores over actively germinating spores was obtained. Using this differential killing, cultures treated with mutagen were enriched with respect to auxotrophic and temperature-sensitive mutants, with the desired mutants constituting a large fraction of the survivors of the freeze-thaw treatments. This technique may be applicable to mutant enrichment in other filamentous fungi.
Denial of service attacks: An overview (2014)

Denial of service (DoS) attacks present one of the most significant threats to assurance of dependable and secure information systems. Rapid development of new and increasingly sophisticated attacks requires resourcefulness in designing and implementing reliable defences. This paper presents an overview of current DoS attack and defence concepts, from a theoretical and practical point of view. Considering the elaborated DoS mechanisms, main directions are proposed for future research required in defending against the evolving threat..
Mammalian Sir2 homolog SIRT7 is an activator of RNA polymerase I transcription (2006)

We investigated the role of SIRT7, one of the seven members of the mammalian sirtuin family. We show that SIRT7 is a widely expressed nucleolar protein that is associated with active rRNA genes (rDNA), where it interacts with RNA polymerase I (Pol I) as well as with histones. Overexpression of SIRT7 increases Pol I-mediated transcription, whereas knockdown of SIRT7 or inhibition of the catalytic activity results in decreased association of Pol I with rDNA and a reduction of Pol I transcription. Depletion of SIRT7 stops cell proliferation and triggers apoptosis. Our findings suggest that SIRT7 is a positive regulator of Pol I transcription and is required for cell viability in mammals.
Primary Treatment of Kawasaki Disease with Corticosteroids (2014)

Kawasaki disease (KD), is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in the developed world. The use of aspirin and intravenous immunoglobulin as the initial therapy in KD is the standard of care, as they reduce the incidence of coronary artery aneurysms, the major cardiac morbidity from this disease. The place of corticosteroids in the initial therapy is; however, controversial. We describe the course of a one-year-old child with Kawasaki disease who was treated with aspirin and corticosteroids as the initial therapy, and discuss pertinent issues.