gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generating highly reflective and conductive metal layers through a light-assisted synthesis and assembling of silver nanoparticles in a polymer matrix (2017)

The development of metalized surfaces exhibiting mirror properties and/or electric conductivity without heavy equipments and with low metal charge is a big challenge in view of many industrial applications. We report herein on the photo-assembling of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a polymer matrix, carried out within minutes from an acrylate monomer and silver nitrate at room temperature, under air and without any solvents. The top surface of the material gets converted into a continuous silver thin film and a depthwise concentration gradient of AgNPs is created in the polymer, which images the absorption profile of the actinic UV light in the reactive formulation. This specific assembling of the silver@polymer coating induces excellent reflective and conductive properties. The conductance was observed to strongly increase with increasing the exposure from 3 to 30 min due to the formation of a more and more compact metal film. This coating strategy works with a variety of substrates (textile, paper, glass, wood, plastic and stainless steel). Moreover, on flexible surfaces such as textile, the flexibility was preserved. The possibility to use this kind of nanomaterial as a printing ink, with a much lower metal concentration (3 to 5 wt.%) than concurrent inks, was also demonstrated.
Chemical synthesis and cloning of a gene for human β-urogastrone (1982)

A DNA duplex coding for the 53 amino acids of human beta-urogastrone has been synthesised. Computer assisted design of the gene included restriction endonuclease sites for plasmid insertion, a termination codon and two triplets coding for lysine at the 5'-end of the structural gene. The synthesis involved preparation of 23 oligodeoxyribonucleotides by phosphotriester procedures coupled to rapid HPLC techniques. The gene was constructed in two halves by enzymatic ligation of the oligonucleotides and cloned into a specially constructed chimeric plasmid vector. Escherichia coli K12 MRC8 was transformed by the plasmid and clones containing the full gene sequence were isolated and characterised.
Sparse Quantization for Patch Description (2013)

The representation of local image patches is crucial for the good performance and efficiency of many vision tasks. Patch descriptors have been designed to generalize towards diverse variations, depending on the application, as well as the desired compromise between accuracy and efficiency. We present a novel formulation of patch description, that serves such issues well. Sparse quantization lies at its heart. This allows for efficient encodings, leading to powerful, novel binary descriptors, yet also to the generalization of existing descriptors like SIFT or BRIEF. We demonstrate the capabilities of our formulation for both key point matching and image classification. Our binary descriptors achieve state-of-the-art results for two key point matching benchmarks, namely those by Brown and Mikolajczyk. For image classification, we propose new descriptors, that perform similar to SIFT on Caltech101 and PASCAL VOC07.
Pharmacological Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1 Impairs Nuclear Accumulation of Herpes Simplex Virus Capsids upon Infection (2017)

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible enzyme that is expressed in response to physical and chemical stresses, such as ultraviolet radiation, hyperthermia, hypoxia, reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as cytokines, among others. Its activity can be positively modulated by cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) and negatively by tin protoporphirin (SnPP). Once induced, HO-1 degrades iron-containing heme into ferrous iron (Fe<sup>2+</sup>), carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin. Importantly, numerous products of HO-1 are cytoprotective with anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. The products of HO-1 also display antiviral properties against several viruses, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and Ebola virus. Here, we sought to assess the effect of modulating HO-1 activity over herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection in epithelial cells and neurons. There are no vaccines against HSV-2 and treatment options are scarce in the immunosuppressed, in which drug-resistant variants emerge. By using HSV strains that encode structural and non-structural forms of the green fluorescent protein (GFP), we found that pharmacological induction of HO-1 activity with CoPP significantly decreases virus plaque formation and the expression of virus-encoded genes in epithelial cells as determined by flow cytometry and western blot assays. CoPP treatment did not affect virus binding to the cell surface or entry into the cytoplasm, but rather downstream events in the virus infection cycle. Furthermore, we observed that treating cells with a CO-releasing molecule (CORM-2) recapitulated some of the anti-HSV effects elicited by CoPP. Taken together, these findings indicate that HO-1 activity interferes with the replication cycle of HSV and that its antiviral effects can be recapitulated by CO.
Preparation and Reactions of 1-Cyanoformimidic Acid Hydrazide (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Reactions of 1-Cyanoformimidic Acid HydrazideKEN MATSUDA and LUCILLE T. MORINCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 10, 3783–3787Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01068a038https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01068a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views439Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Modification of tyrosine residues of the Klenow fragment of DNA-polymerase I from Escherichia coli by acetylimidazole]. (1988)

The modification of tyrosine residues of DNA polymerase I Klenow fragment from E. coli by acetylimidazole has been investigated. This reagent was shown to inactivate both polymerization and 3',5'-exonuclease activities but with different velocity. The poly(dT)-template and r(pA)10-primer each added separately to the enzyme have no notable influence on the rate of enzyme inactivation. Simultaneous presence of both template and primer increases the rate of inactivation. In the presence of poly(dT).r(pA) 10 there is not effect of dCTP and dTTP (noncomplementary to the template) on the rate of inactivation of polymerization activity. However, dATP complementary to the template, provides a complete protection. A weak protective action is detected in the presence of dADP. Orthophosphate, pyrophosphate and dAMP each taken separately increase the rate and the level of the enzyme inactivation. dAMP together with either ortho- or pyrophosphate have the same protective action as ATP. All data obtained allow to suggest the functional significance for polymerization activity of tyrosine located in the dNTP binding site of DNA polymerase I.
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase release from erythrocytes during haemolysis. No evidence for substantial binding of the enzyme to the membrane in the intact cell (1984)

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH, EC 1.2.1.12) release from haemolysing erythrocytes, and its redistribution between free and membrane-bound states, were studied with a new type of rapid-mixing filtration apparatus. The apparatus is described. The results indicate that the rate of G3PDH appearance in filtrates is determined not only by the enzyme redistribution but also by the kinetics of haemolysis. We have quantified the extent of haemolysis as a function of time, by measuring the amounts of filterable K+ and lactate dehydrogenase. These are cytoplasmic components that are not membrane-bound. When we correct for incomplete haemolysis, extrapolation to zero times indicates that very little G3PDH is membrane-bound in the intact cell.
Harmonic diffractive lenses (1995)

The harmonic diffractive lens is a diffractive imaging lens for which the optical path-length transition between adjacent facets is an integer multiple m of the design wavelength λ(o). The total lens thickness in air is mλ(o)/(n - 1), which is m times thicker than the so-called modulo 2π diffractive lens. Lenses constructed in this way have hybrid properties of both refractive and diffractive lenses. Such a lens will have a diffraction-limited, common focus for a number of discrete wavelengths across the visible spectrum. A 34.75-diopter, 6-mm-diameter lens is diamond turned in aluminum and replicated in optical materials. The sag of the lens is 23 µm. Modulation transfer function measurements in both monochromatic and white light verify the performance of the lens. The lens approaches the diffraction limit for 10 discrete wavelengths across the visible spectrum.
Bend-induced distortion in microstructure and solid fibers with very large mode area (2006)

Simulations show that bend-induced mode distortion should have a major impact on nonlinearities for fibers with very large cores, relevant to high-power amplifiers and lasers. Designs resistant to bend-induced distortion are proposed
Data Extraction from Underwater Holograms of Marine Organisms (2007)

A digital holographic camera (eHoloCam) has been developed by us for in situ underwater studies of the distribution and dynamics of plankton and other marine organisms and particles. The eHoloCam uses a frequency-doubled Nd-YAG pulsed laser to freeze-frame rapidly moving particles and a CMOS imaging sensor for high-resolution image capture. Digital holograms are recorded at rates from 5 Hz to 25 Hz as holographic videos over a period of several hours. Data is stored in the camera on an embedded computer. eHoloCam is capable of recording all organisms and particles located in a water volume of 36.8 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> in a single hologram frame. The recorded holographic videos may subsequently be recreated numerically, using a variety of reconstruction algorithms, at a desired image plane. The vast amounts of data stored in holographic videos presents a major challenge for the automation of image extraction, identification of species and hence analysis of the holograms. In this paper, we describe some of the algorithms we use to optimise hologram reconstruction and, subsequently, image quality. We discuss the problems of automating the data extraction, the implementation of auto-focus methods and the definition of regions of interest in the eholovideo reconstruction procedures. In covering each of these and their amalgamation into a single algorithm, we will describe a complete image auto-extraction algorithm capable of scanning eholovideos and generating a directory of extracted, focussed bitmap-images. We go on to discuss possible analysis techniques that could be applied to resulting images in order to aid the extraction of particle information such as particles-per-volume and particle size ranges, and finally discuss the future implementation of particle auto-recognition to perform species-specific analysis of eholovideos.
Motion compensated carotid MRI using FID navigators (2013)

Multicontrast-weighted carotid MRI is promising for determination of vulnerability of carotid plaques. However, motion artifacts due to swallowing, breathing, head motion, etc. frequently result in non-diagnostic image quality. The aim of this study was to validate prospec-tive free induction decay (FID) based navigator gating for suppression of motion artifacts in carotid MRI.
Reactions of nitric oxide with cobalt(II) tetraphenylporphyrin: a unique bis nitric oxide complex (1976)

(Nitric oxide) tetraphenylporphyrincobalt, [Co(TPP)(NO)], is found to add nitric oxide sequentially to form an S= 1/2 complex [Co(TPP)(NO)2] and a diamagnetic species tentatively formulated as [Co(TPP)(NO)(N2O2)].
Enzymology of Nad <sup>+</sup> Synthesis (1999)

Beyond its role as an essential coenzyme in numerous oxidoreductase reactions as well as respiration, there is growing recognition that NAD+ fulfills many other vital regulatory functions both as a substrate and as an allosteric effector. This review describes the enzymes involved in pyridine nucleotide metabolism, starting with a detailed consideration of the anaerobic and aerobic pathways leading to quinolinate, a key precursor of NAD+. Conversion of quinolinate and 5'-phosphoribosyl-1'-pyrophosphate to NAD+ and diphosphate by phosphoribosyltransferase is then explored before proceeding to a discussion the molecular and kinetic properties of NMN adenylytransferase. The salient features of NAD+ synthetase as well as NAD+ kinase are likewise presented. The remainder of the review encompasses the metabolic steps devoted to (a) the salvaging of various niacin derivatives, including the roles played by NAD+ and NADH pyrophosphatases, nicotinamide deamidase, and NMN deamidase, and (b) utilization of niacins by nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase.
The Transculturation of American Poetry in China, 1917-1937 (2017)

This paper offers a critical overview of the reception of American poetry in China from 1917 to 1937. Drawing on Maria Tymoczko’s theory of transculturation, it shows how in order to meet local poetic and ideological demands, America’s New Poetry Movement, Left poetry, and Black poetry were “performed” in (relay) translations by Chinese authors. Understudied to date, these texts reveal a fascinating literary and political process in which American poetry and Chinese poetry were mutually shaped through translation.
Duty cycle control circuit and applications to frequency dividers (2003)

A duty cycle control circuit for clock signals is presented. The proposed circuit uses a rising edge detector to generate one shot output signals which have the same frequency of the input clock signal. A pulse width controllable monostable multivibrator converts the one shot signals into rectangular pulses. By using the feedback control voltage from an operational amplifier, the pulse width of generated rectangular pulses is automatically adjusted to a pre-set duty cycle. As compared to prior arts, features of this proposed circuit include simple design, low cost and less power. Furthermore, a novel design approach for frequency dividers by the proposed duty cycle control circuit is also demonstrated.
Intravenous buspirone self-administration in rhesus monkeys. (1982)

Rhesus monkeys trained to press levers for intravenous cocaine injections were tested with saline and various doses of buspirone, chlordiazepoxide, and clorazepate. Buspirone was not self-administered at rates significantly above saline control levels. Chlordiazepoxide and clorazepate also failed to serve as reinforcers under these conditions. The lack of reinforcing properties, taken together with the results of other preclinical behavioral studies, suggests a low potential for recreational use of buspirone in man.
The potential to mitigate global warming with no‐tillage management is only realized when practised in the long term (2004)

Abstract No‐tillage (NT) management has been promoted as a practice capable of offsetting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions because of its ability to sequester carbon in soils. However, true mitigation is only possible if the overall impact of NT adoption reduces the net global warming potential (GWP) determined by fluxes of the three major biogenic GHGs (i.e. CO 2 , N 2 O, and CH 4 ). We compiled all available data of soil‐derived GHG emission comparisons between conventional tilled (CT) and NT systems for humid and dry temperate climates. Newly converted NT systems increase GWP relative to CT practices, in both humid and dry climate regimes, and longer‐term adoption (>10 years) only significantly reduces GWP in humid climates. Mean cumulative GWP over a 20‐year period is also reduced under continuous NT in dry areas, but with a high degree of uncertainty. Emissions of N 2 O drive much of the trend in net GWP, suggesting improved nitrogen management is essential to realize the full benefit from carbon storage in the soil for purposes of global warming mitigation. Our results indicate a strong time dependency in the GHG mitigation potential of NT agriculture, demonstrating that GHG mitigation by adoption of NT is much more variable and complex than previously considered, and policy plans to reduce global warming through this land management practice need further scrutiny to ensure success.
Modifying expression of closely related UDP‐glycosyltransferases from pea and <i>Arabidopsis</i> results in altered root development and function (2007)

Glycosyltransferases (GTs) play diverse roles in cellular metabolism by modifying the activities of structural and regulatory metabolites. Previous studies indicated that a Pisum sativum UDP‐glycosyltransferase (PsUGT1) is essential for plant development, and suggested a role for this enzyme in the regulation of the cell division cycle. Here we report that recombinant PsUGT1 expressed in vitro exhibits activity on diverse flavonoids including kaempferol. In Arabidopsis expressing PsUGT1, gravity sensing is impaired, and this loss of function is corrected by exogenous addition of kaempferol. HPLC of tissue extracts of Arabidopsis expressing PsUGT1 revealed the accumulation of glycosides of kaempferol, but not of other related flavonoids. A search of the NCBI gene bank ( http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ ) using PsUGT1 revealed that six genes from the Arabidopsis AtUGT85A subfamily show similarities both in DNA and protein sequences ( Woo et al. 2007 ). In the current study, we examined the hypothesis that one or more members of this family, like PsUGT1, is required for Arabidopsis development. Altered expression of AtUGT85A7, but not other AtUGT85A subfamily members, resulted in changes in life cycle, leaf morphology, auxin response, and root development, including loss of gravity sensing. The phenotypes of plants where AtUGT85A7 gene expression was suppressed, by RNAi mutagenesis, were very similar to those occurring in plants with altered expression of PsUGT1.
UCP2 is highly expressed in pancreatic α-cells and influences secretion and survival (2008)

In pancreatic beta-cells, uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) influences mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and insulin secretion. Here, we show that alpha-cells express significantly higher levels of UCP2 than do beta-cells. Greater mitochondrial UCP2-related uncoupling was observed in alpha-cells compared with beta-cells and was accompanied by a lower oxidative phosphorylation efficiency (ATP/O). Conversely, reducing UCP2 activity in alpha-cells was associated with higher mitochondrial membrane potential generated by glucose oxidation and with increased ATP synthesis, indicating more efficient metabolic coupling. In vitro, the suppression of UCP2 activity led to reduced glucagon secretion in response to low glucose; however, in vivo, fasting glucagon levels were normal in UCP2(-/-) mice. In addition to its effects on secretion, UCP2 played a cytoprotective role in islets, with UCP2(-/-) alpha-cells being more sensitive to specific death stimuli. In summary, we demonstrate a direct role for UCP2 in maintaining alpha-cell function at the level of glucose metabolism, glucagon secretion, and cytoprotection.
Cloning and Expression of fnbB Gene of Staphylococcus aureus in E.coli (2007)

Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most common cause of cow matitis.Binding of cells of Staphylococcus aureus to fibronectin,which may represent a mechanism of host tissue adherence,involves a fibronectin-receptor protein present on the bacterial surface.The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to adhere to platelets and to induce aggregation of platelets is considered to be a critical factor in S.aureus-associated infective matitis.Fibronectin-binding proteins present on the surface of S.aureus mediate internalization into nonphagocytic cells.Fibronectin-binding proteins was considered to important proteins in the vaccine development of cow matitis The gene encoding fnbB was amplified from Staphylococcus aureus chromosomal DNA by PCR technique,and the PCR product was about 3 458bp DNA segment.Using T-A cloning technique,the PCR product was cloned into pGEM T easy vector successfully and was named plasmid pGEM-fnbB.pGEM-fnbB and pET28a(+)were digested by BamHI and XhoI double enzymes,then the purified fnbB gene was subcloned into the expression Vector pET28a(+),and the prokaryotic expression vector pET28a-fnbB was thus constructed successfully.The reconstructed plasmid pET28a-fnbB was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3)competent cell.The bacterium was induced by IPTG(1 mmol/L)and analyzed by SDS-PAGE,approximately 165 kDa exogenous protein was observed on the SDS-PAGE.Western blot analysis indicated the protein had antigenic activity of FnBP-B.These results were expected to lay foundation for further studies on and development of diagnosis reagent and the new DNA vaccine of FnBP-B in the prevention of Staphylococcus aureus.
Microwave Absorption Properties of Carbon Nanotubes-Epoxy Composites in a Frequency Range of 2 - 20 GHz (2013)

In this work, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-epoxy composites with MWCNTs (outer diameter less 8 nm) loadings from 1 to 10 wt% were fabricated. The microstructures, dielectric constant, and microwave absorption properties of the MWCNTs-epoxy composite samples were investigated. The measurement results showed that the microwave absorption ratio of the MWCNTs-epoxy composite strongly depend on the MWCNT loading in the composites. The microwave absorption ratio up to 20%-26% around 18-20 GHz was reached for the samples with 8-10 wt% MWCNT loadings. The high absorption performance is mainly attributed to the microwave absorption of MWCNTs and the dielectric loss of MWCNTs-epoxy composites.
Screening of Eight Plants Used In Folkloric Medicine for the Treatment of Typhoid Fever (2010)

Aqueous, ethanol and chloroform extracts of some pl ants used Igala folkloric medicine of NorthCentral Nigeria for the treatment of typhoid fever were investigated for their antibacterial properties against Salmonella typhi. Screening for the antibacterial activity was carried out by using a modification of the agar well diffusion tec hnique. The extracts that showed significant antibacterial activity were further investigated fo r their Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations [MIC]. The aqueous extract of D. oliveri and the et hanol extract of M. indica had MIC of ≤12.5mg/ml which was comparable to that of gentamyci n and better than those of amoxicillin and chloramphenicol, 25mg/ml and 100mg/ml respectiv ely. However, the aqueous extract of N. latifolia which had an MIC of 25mg/ml had the wides t zone of inhibition of all the extracts investigated from 25mg/ml to 100mg/ml concentration of the extracts. Thus weight for weight, the aqueous extract of N. latifolia was the most po tent at higher concentrations. The results obtained validate the use of A. occidentale, A. vog elii Planch, D. oliveri, M. indica and N. latifolia in Igala folkloric medicine for the treatment of typhoid fever.