gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanostructured morphology of a random P(DLLA-co-CL) copolymer (2012)

The random architecture of a commercial copolymer of poly(DL-lactic acid) and poly(ε-caprolactone), poly(DL-lactide-co-caprolactone), has been characterized by chemical structure analysis from hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance results. Moreover, spherical nanodomains have been detected in the thin films of this copolymer obtained after solvent evaporation. These nanodomains studied by atomic force microscopy and transmission elecron microscopy grow progressively under annealing until they collapse and form a homogenous disordered structure. This is the first time that the nanostructure of random poly(DL-lactic acid)/poly-(ε-caprolactone) copolymers is revealed, representing one of few experimental evidences on the possible nanostructuration of random copolymers.
Nucleic acids in exosomes: Disease markers and intercellular communication molecules (2013)

The term "exosomes" is currently used to describe specific vesicular structures of endosomal origin produced by the majority of eukaryotic cells. These natural vesicles have been under study for more than two decades. Nevertheless, a real splash of scientific interest in studies on exosomes took place only during recent years, when the concept of the role and functions of exosomes in multicellular organisms was essentially reconsidered. The major role in this was played by the discovery of exosomal mRNA and miRNA in 2007, which stimulated the idea of regulatory and communicative role of exosomes in the organism and also encouraged considering exosomes and other vesicles as potential biomarkers. The present review summarizes the up to date knowledge on the composition and probable physiological functions of nucleic acids released by different cells as components of exosomes. We also touch upon the problem of using these data in clinical diagnosis.
Threshold switching behavior of Ag-Si based selector device and hydrogen doping effect on its characteristics (2015)

The effect of hydrogen treatment on the threshold switching property in a Ag/amorphous Si based programmable metallization cells was investigated for selector device applications. Using the Ag filament formed during motion of Ag ions, a steep-slope (5 mV/dec.) for threshold switching with higher selectivity (∼105) could be achieved. Because of the faster diffusivity of Ag atoms, which are inside solid-electrolytes, the resulting Ag filament could easily be dissolved under low current regime, where the Ag filament possesses weak stability. We found that the dissolution process could be further enhanced by hydrogen treatment that facilitated the movement of the Ag atoms.
Framed Poly Buffer LOCOS Technology for 0.35 μm CMOS (1993)

An advanced isolation method, Framed Poly-Buffer LOCOS (FPBLOCOS), for a 0.35 ?m CMOS technology is presented in this paper. The bird's beak length of the FPBLOCOS isolation technique is smaller compared to the Poly Buffer LOCOS isolation scheme. Excellent thin gate oxide quality and low junction diode leakage are demonstrated. The feasibility of the isolation module was demonstrated in a 0.35 ?m CMOS process where excellent device performance was achieved.
Nodulation and Nodulin Gene Expression in an Interspecific Hybrid Between <i>Glycine max</i> and <i>Glycine tomentella</i> (1992)

When the genome of a wild species, Glycine tomentella, is combined with that of the cultivated soybean, Glycine max in a hybrid, nodulation specificity is altered. Two strains of Rhizobium fredii that nodulate the G. rnax parent fail to nodulate the hybrid, indicating the presence of a restriction gene, while three Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains that nodulate G. max are highly effective on the hybrid. Some strains of (Brady)rhizobium, originally isolated from wild Australian Glycine species, nodulate only one of the two parental species. One strain ineffective on G. max is effective on the hybrid. Two other strains, while effective on one parent, appear more effective on the hybrid. In three fully examined cases in which effective nodules are produced on the hybrid, the late nodulins leg-hemoglobin, glutamine synthetase, and xanthine dehydrogenase are expressed from both genomes. Thus, although a rhizobial strain may nodulate only one or the other of the parental types, if it successfully nodulates the hybrid, the nodulation process provides signals or internal conditions that lead to expression of late nodulins from both genomes.
A new Tc-99m-labeled myocardial imaging agent, hexakis(t-butylisonitrile)-technetium(I) [Tc-99m TBI]: initial experience in the human. (1984)

The cationic complex Tc-99m hexakis(t-butylisonitrile)technetium(I) (TBI) has been shown to concentrate in the myocardial tissue of several animal species. In the present preliminary study, the biodistribution of this material was examined in four normal subjects and in two patients with coronary artery disease. In three normal humans injected at rest, planar, tomographic, and gated myocardial images of high technical quality were obtained between 1 and 4 hr after injection. In one subject studied both at rest and during maximal exercise, the lung and heart activities were similar, whereas the liver-to-heart activity ratio was 3:1 at 60 min at rest compared with 1.8:1 with maximal exercise. In two patients with coronary artery disease, transient ischemia appeared as a perfusion defect up to 4 hr after injection at maximal exercise, and the image appeared normal when Tc-99m TBI was administered at rest. The images of areas of infarction appeared abnormal after injection at rest and after injection during exercise. Technetium-99m TBI is a promising myocardial imaging agent that may permit high-quality planar, gated, and tomographic imaging of myocardial ischemia and infarction.
High-pressure processing for preservation of blood products† (2005)

The possibilities of high pressure as a preservation method for human blood products were evaluated by examining the functional properties of blood fractions, after high-pressure processing at conditions which potentially inactivate micro-organisms and viruses. Blood platelets, red blood cells and blood plasma were pressurised at 200–500 MPa at starting temperatures of 18 °C (platelets), 6 °C (cells and plasma) or −10 °C (plasma). These treatments resulted in considerable loss of the functional properties, i.e., shape change and fragmentation of blood platelets, hemolysis and gelation in red blood cells and loss of fVIII activity in blood plasma. Therefore, high-pressure processing at these conditions seems not interesting for preservation of blood products.
Studies on Vitamin B<sub>1</sub> and Related Compounds. XLIII (1953)

Eleven kinds of 2-[2′-methyl-4′-aminopyrimidyl-(5′)]-methyl-formamino-5-hydroxy-Δ2-pentenyl-(3) alkyl disulfide (thiamine alkyl disulfide) (I) were prepared by the reaction of the aqueous solution of the sodium salt (III) of thiol form of thiamine and sodium alkyl thiosulfate (II) (Bunte's salt). When the alkyl was methyl, ethyl, propyl, or allyl, the reaction mixture was saturated with sodium chloride. This reaction occurred with ease at room temperature and the yields were generally 80-95%. Use of homothiamine instead of thiamine yielded five kinds of 2-[2′-ethyl-4′-aminopyrimidyl-(5′)]-methylformamino-5-hydroxy-Δ2-pentenyl-(3) alkyl disulfide (homothiamine alkyl disulfides). (I) can also be obtained by the reaction of alkyl mercaptan and oxidizing agent to (III) or by the reaction of (III) and alkyl thiocyanate, or by the application of two moles of hydrogen peroxide to the glacial acetic acid solution of dialkyl disulfide, and reacting thiamine to this solution at pH 8.
Robotic path planning for non-destructive testing of complex shaped surfaces (2015)

The requirement to increase inspection speeds for non-destructive testing (NDT) of composite aerospace parts is common to many manufacturers. The prevalence of complex curved surfaces in the industry provides significant motivation for the use of 6 axis robots for deployment of NDT probes in these inspections. A new system for robot deployed ultrasonic inspection of composite aerospace components is presented. The key novelty of the approach is through the accommodation of flexible robotic trajectory planning, coordinated with the NDT data acquisition. Using a flexible approach in MATLAB, the authors have developed a high level custom toolbox that utilizes external control of an industrial 6 axis manipulator to achieve complex path planning and provide synchronization of the employed ultrasonic phase array inspection system. The developed software maintains a high level approach to the robot programming, in order to ease the programming complexity for an NDT inspection operator. Crucially the approach provides a pathway for a conditional programming approach and the capability for multiple robot control (a significant limitation in many current off-line programming applications). Ultrasonic and experimental data has been collected for the validation of the inspection technique. The path trajectory generation for a large, curved carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) aerofoil component has been proven and is presented. The path error relative to a raster-scan tool-path, suitable for ultrasonic phased array inspection, has been measured to be within + 2mm over the 1.6 m2 area of the component surface.
Antibody binding to neuronal surface in Sydenham chorea, but not in PANDAS or Tourette syndrome (2011)

Serum autoantibodies that bind to neuronal cell surface antigens are present in SC, but not in PANDAS or TS. These findings strengthen the hypothesis that SC is due to a pathogenic autoantibody, but weaken the autoantibody hypothesis in PANDAS and TS.
Recent developments toward a one step thin-film PV interconnection process using laser scribing and inkjet printing (2014)

An optimized series interconnection process can provide many benefits for the manufacture of thin-film PV including lower panel transit times, lower capital equipment costs, smaller line foot print and less panel area wasted. The One Step Interconnect (OSI) process has been previously introduced [1]. It utilizes conventional laser scribing and inkjet additive manufacture to form the series interconnect. Good electrical performance has previously been achieved on CdTe mini-modules. Here the latest developments are presented. Further mini-module electrical results are shown with Fill Factors (FFs) of, on average, 70% and up to 80%. No loss of fill factor is seen as cells are connected in series. An extensive lifetime testing program is now underway. An encapsulation process has been found and verified using the IEC 61646 standard damp heat test for packaging integrity. Over 400 hours of thermal cycling has been completed on OSI interconnected modules with no degradation in power output.
Fate of avermectin B1a in soil and plants (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFate of avermectin B1a in soil and plantsDon L. Bull, G. Wayne Ivie, John G. MacConnell, Virginia F. Gruber, Chia C. Ku, Byron H. Arison, James M. Stevenson, and William J. A. VandenHeuvelCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1984, 32, 1, 94–102Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00121a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00121a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views268Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biochemical identification of a direct physical interaction between the CD4: p56<sup>lck</sup> and T<sub>i</sub>(TcR)/CD3 complexes (1991)

The CD4 and CD8 antigens function in synergy with the TcR/CD3 complex in the generation of intracellular signals leading to T cell proliferation. The association of the protein-tyrosine kinase p56lck with CD4 and CD8 provides a potential mechanism in the generation of intracellular signals. Several studies have shown that CD4 can co-modulate with TcR/CD3 suggesting that these receptor complexes may associated on the surface of the T cell. Nevertheless, it has proven difficult to formally demonstrate a direct physical interaction between the CD4 and TcR/CD3 complexes using biochemical techniques. In this study, we have used the sensitivity of the in vitro kinase assay to show a direct physical linkage between the CD4:p56lck complex and various CD3 subunits. Immunoprecipitation of CD4 from cell lysates derived from the T lymphoblastoid line HPB-ALL results in the co-purification of p56lck with an additional polypeptide at 20 kDa. Re-precipitation analysis and isoelectric focusing demonstrated that this band corresponds to the CD3 epsilon chain. An alternative approach which involves the labeling of microsomal membranes with [gamma-32P]ATP revealed the presence of CD3 epsilon and zeta chains in anti-CD4 immunoprecipitates. By contrast, we were unable to demonstrate the association of the CD4:p56lck and TcR/CD3 complex in resting peripheral blood lymphocytes. These data indicate that the CD4:p56lck and TcR/CD3 complexes have the ability to form stable complexes on the surface of certain T cell lines.
Thrust and Acoustic Performance of Small-Scale, Coaxial, Corotating Rotors in Hover (2019)

The findings from a test campaign aimed at understanding the thrust and acoustic performance of a small-scale, coaxial, corotating rotor in hover are discussed. Measurements of axial thrust are acquired alongside surveys of the near-field acoustics at eight observer positions above and below the tip path plane of the upper rotor. The variables of interest are the index angle and stacking distance between the upper and lower rotors, as well as rotor speed. Standard metrics like thrust coefficient, sound pressure spectrum level, and the sound pressure level of the various blade harmonics and subharmonics are studied. Human ear effects are also considered using the A-weighting standard, which is shown to have a profound influence on the perceived noise levels. The analysis demonstrates how rotor thrust and sound pressure levels are more dependent on rotor index angle than stacking distance. However, the index angle where the peak thrust coefficient resides is more sensitive to stacking distance at low rotation speeds than it is at high rotation speeds. Various rotor speed and index angle combinations of the stacked rotor are also shown to produce the same rotor thrust, all the while resulting in uniquely different sound levels of the various rotor harmonics.
Characterization in vitro of the defect in a temperature-sensitive mutant of the protein subunit of RNase P from Escherichia coli (1989)

We have studied the assembly of Escherichia coli RNase P from its catalytic RNA subunit (M1 RNA) and its protein subunit (C5 protein). A mutant form of the protein subunit, C5A49, has been purified to apparent homogeneity from a strain of E. coli carrying a thermosensitive mutation in the rnpA gene. The heat inactivation kinetics of both wild-type and mutant holoenzymes are similar, an indication of equivalent thermal stability. However, when the catalytic efficiencies of the holoenzymes were compared, we found that the holoenzyme containing the mutant protein had a lower efficiency of cleavage than the wild-type holoenzyme at 33, 37, and 44 degrees C. We then explored the interaction of M1 RNA and C5 protein during the assembly of the holoenzyme. The yield of active holoenzyme obtained by reconstitution with wild-type M1 RNA and C5A49 protein in vitro can be considerably enhanced by the addition of excess M1 RNA, just as it can be in vivo. We concluded that the Arg-46----His-46 mutation in the C5A49 protein affects the ability of the protein to participate with M1 RNA in the normal assembly process of RNase P.
Table of Units (2010)

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Lasing wavelengths of index-guided AlGaInP semiconductor lasers as functions of off-angle from (100) plane of GaAs substrate (1989)

The lasing wavelengths of AIGalnP semiconductor lasers are investigated as functions of the off-angle in the direction of [110] from the (100) plane of the GaAs substrate. The lasing wavelengths decrease to about 650nm as the off-angle increases to 10–15°. The influence of the off-angle on the laser transverse mode is also discussed.
Carbon dioxide laser fabrication of fused-fiber couplers and tapers (1999)

We report the development of a fiber taper and fused-fiber coupler fabrication rig that uses a scanning, focused, CO(2) laser beam as the heat source. As a result of the pointlike heat source and the versatility associated with scanning, tapers of any transition shape and uniform taper waist can be produced. Tapers with both a linear shape and an exponential transition shape were measured. The taper waist uniformity was measured and shown to be better than +/-1.2%. The rig was also used to make fused-fiber couplers. Couplers with excess loss below -0.1 dB were routinely produced.
Phosphorus in agriculture: global resoources, trends and developments : report to the Steering Committee Technology Assessment of the Ministery of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, The Netherlands, and in collaboration with the Nutrient Flow Task Group (NFTG), supported by DPRN (Development Policy review Network) (2009)

In agroproduction systems recycling of phosphorus should be the general principle. This holds for manure, crop residues and other organic rest products. Especially the cattle feedlot industry can be a market for DGGS, being a co-product of the distillery industries. Recovery from seawater is a possible alternative for the re-use of phosphorus. These and other aspects are reviewed in this inventory on a world scale
Analysis and modeling of liquid-crystal tunable capacitors (2006)

Three different configurations of liquid-crystal tunable capacitors were investigated, including fractal structures, comb structures, and square structures. The tuning ranges of the fractal structures, the comb structures, and the square structures at 4 GHz from 0 to 5 V were found to be 8.81%, 7.17%, and 11.85%, respectively. The square structures have the largest tuning ranges mostly because of the uniform electric fields dominated. The Q-values of the fractal structures, the comb structures, and the square structures at 4 GHz with an operation voltage of 5 V were 68.2, 98.3, and 31.0, respectively. Compared to the other two structures, the square structures perform the highest inductive effects, leading to the lowest Q-values. In addition, the liquid crystals with different chiral doping concentrations were injected into the capacitor structures to investigate the impact of different liquid crystals on the tunable capacitors. The threshold voltages (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> ) increase as the chiral doping concentrations enlarge. The steepness of the C-V curves increases as the chiral doping concentrations reduce. Furthermore, a liquid-crystal capacitor model was developed to qualitatively illustrate the performance of the liquid-crystal tunable capacitors. The model prediction and the measurement results were highly correlated
Increasing quality and managing complexity in neuroinformatics software development with continuous integration (2013)

High quality neuroscience research requires accurate, reliable and well maintained neuroinformatics applications. As software projects become larger, offering more functionality and developing a denser web of interdependence between their component parts, we need more sophisticated methods to manage their complexity. If complexity is allowed to get out of hand, either the quality of the software or the speed of development suffer, and in many cases both. To address this issue, here we develop a scalable, low-cost and open source solution for continuous integration (CI), a technique which ensures the quality of changes to the code base during the development procedure, rather than relying on a pre-release integration phase. We demonstrate that a CI-based workflow, due to rapid feedback about code integration problems and tracking of code health measures, enabled substantial increases in productivity for a major neuroinformatics project and additional benefits for three further projects. Beyond the scope of the current study, we identify multiple areas in which CI can be employed to further increase the quality of neuroinformatics projects by improving development practices and incorporating appropriate development tools. Finally, we discuss what measures can be taken to lower the barrier for developers of neuroinformatics applications to adopt this useful technique.
Nanotechnology and nano/atom photonics by optical near field (2001)

This paper reviews the recent progress of application of interactions between optical near-fields and nanoscale materials. Photochemical vapor deposition of nanometeric Zn and Al are realized by using a UV optical near-field. Deposition of nanoscale ZnO is also shown. Utilizing the very advanced potential of this technology, the concept of nano-photonic IC is proposed. The optical switching operation of a single InGaAs quantum dot is shown to be able to be used for nano-photonic devices. Nano-photonic switching operation utilizing optical near-field interaction is also proposed and related spectroscopy of CuCl quantum dots are demonstrated. High-density storage and read-out by optical near-field is also demonstrated. Atom manipulation by the optical near-field is reviewed briefly.
602. 4 : 4′- and 2 : 4′-Dihydroxydiphenyl sulphones (1949)

L. E. Hinkel and G. H. R. Summers, J. Chem. Soc., 1949, 2854 DOI: 10.1039/JR9490002854
Mechanism of Activation of C1 by Trypsin (1973)

Abstract Trypsin activates C1 in serum as well as C1 bound to EAC4. At 37°C about 500 µg trypsin/ml are necessary for optimal activation of C1 in whole serum; 1 µg trypsin/ml is necessary to activate C1 in diluted serum (1:3000) and C1 bound to EAC4. The activation of precursor C1 (EAC14) to C1̄ (EAC1̄4) with or without trypsin is a time and temperature dependent reaction. The activation energy of the reaction EAC14 to EAC1̄4 is 7.5 kcal/mole and in the presence of trypsin 7.6 kcal/mole; the temperature coefficients (Q10) of both reactions are 1.57 and 1.55, respectively. Although there was no difference in the activation energies of both reactions, the reaction velocities were different. At a given temperature the value of the reaction velocity of the EAC1̄4 generation in the presence of trypsin was twice as high as in the reaction without trypsin. Comparative kinetic studies showed that the generation of C1 activity by trypsin was twice to five times more efficient than the generation of C1 by antigen-antibody complexes (EA and EAC4). Determination of the hemolytic activity of EAC14 before and after treatment with trypsin demonstrated that EAC14 contained two populations of SAC14, one in which C1 was converted to C1 by internal activation and by trypsin and another in which C1 was converted to C1 by trypsin but not by internal activation.