gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lymph node metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with gut microbiota, bile acid metabolism and inflammation (2018)

Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the mostcommon primary liver cancer and is the second leading causeof cancer-related death globally. Lymph node metastasis (LNM)is negatively correlated with prognosis of HCC patients. Thegut microbiota has an important role in development andprogression of HCC. In this study, the gut microbiota in HCCpatients with LNM (group LNM-Y) or without LNM (groupLNM-N) was characterized. The association of LNM withgut microbiota, bile acid metabolism, and inflammation wasexplored. Methods: The gut microbiota was characterized using 16SrDNA sequencing. The bile acids (BAs) were measured byliquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the seruminflammatory factors (SIFs) were detected by enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The α-diversity of HCC patients with or withoutLNM was similar. But the β-diversity of LNM-Y washigher than LNM-N. LEFSe analysis showed that theabundance of Megamonas, Paraprevotella, Shuttleworthia, andPseudobutyrivibrio genera increased considerably in LNM-Y,while the genus Clostridium had a higher abundance inLNM-N. Subsequently, sixteen types of BAs in the feces andblood plasma samples and four types of SIFs were detectedamong all the HCC patients. Compared with LNM-N, LNM-Yhad significantly lower levels of deoxycholic acid (DCA) infeces, lower levels of glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA),tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), and taurodeoxycholicacid (TDCA) in blood plasma, but higher levels of lithocholicacid (LCA) and serum macrophage inflammatory protein-1α(MIP-1α) in blood plasma. Moreover, the genus Clostridiumwas positively correlated with fecal DCA whereas generaShuttleworthia and Pseudobutyrivibrio were negativelycorrelated with fecal DCA. The genus Paraprevotella wasalso positively correlated with LCA in blood plasma, whereas Pseudobutyrivibrio was positively correlated with serum MIP-1α. Conclusions: In this study, the features of gut microbiotawere correlated with LNM in HCC and potential biomarkers,including BAs and SIF, for LNM in HCC, and a link wasfound between fecal bacteria, BAs, and SIF involved in LNM. DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2018.S094
Detection of Human Papillomavirus DNA in Normal Epithelium and in Squamous Metaplasia of the Uterine Cervix by the Polymerase Chain Reaction. (1992)

The presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 was studied by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) directly on sections histologically defined as normal squamous epithelium and metaplastic squamous tissue of the uterine cervix. Ten specimens of normal epithelium were obtained at hysterectomy from women with uterine leiomyoma. Six specimens of squamous metaplasia were adjacent to the areas of dysplastic epithelium in which HPV 16 DNA had been detected previously by PCR. HPV 16 DNA was amplified specifically and detected in two of 10 normal cervical epithelium specimens and in all of 6 squamous metaplasia specimens adjacent to dysplastic lesions. However, HPV DNA could not be detected in the metaplasia by in situ hybridization. These results suggest that metaplastic squamous tissue adjacent to dysplastic lesions harbors fewer copies of HPV DNA than the dysplastic area and the carcinoma and that the HPV copy number per cell may be relevant to the pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma.
Cloning, Expression, and Immunological Characterization of the P30 Protein of <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> (2007)

Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a self-replicating cell wall-deficient prokaryote, has a differentiated terminal organelle that is essential for cytadherence and gliding motility. P30, an important protein associated with the terminal organelle, is required for the cytadherence and virulence of M. pneumoniae. P30 is a transmembrane protein with an intracytoplasmic N terminus and an exposed C terminus. In the present study, we amplified and sequenced the full-length p30 gene of Mycoplasma pneumoniae directly from 18 Indian asthmatic patients. Sequence diversity was observed in the p30 genes from 16 clinical samples when the sequences were compared with the sequence of strain M-129. We also successfully expressed a fragment of the p30 gene (P30B) that includes the complete C-terminal proline-rich amino acid sequences in different Escherichia coli expression systems. The maltose binding protein (MBP)-P30B fusion protein was recognized by M. pneumoniae-infected patient sera in immunoblots, and the protein was immunogenic in mice. We further analyzed the reactivity of the MBP-P30B fusion protein with patient sera in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared it with the reactivity obtained with a commercial kit (the Serion ELISA Classic kit). The sensitivity and the specificity of the in-house ELISA were 78.57% and 89.47%, respectively. This study suggests that the P30 protein can be used as an antigen along with other adhesin proteins for the immunodiagnosis of M. pneumoniae infection.
Correlating Expression Data with Gene Function Using Gene Ontology<sup>†</sup> (2006)

Abstract Clustering is perhaps one of the most widely used tools for microarray data analysis. Proposed roles for genes of unknown function are inferred from clusters of genes similarity expressed across many biological conditions. However, whether function annotation by similarity metrics is reliable or not and to what extent the similarity in gene expression patterns is useful for annotation of gene functions, has not been evaluated. This paper made a comprehensive research on the correlation between the similarity of expression data and of gene functions using Gene Ontology. It has been found that although the similarity in expression patterns and the similarity in gene functions are significantly dependent on each other, this association is rather weak. In addition, among the three categories of Gene Ontology, the similarity of expression data is more useful for cellular component annotation than for biological process and molecular function. The results presented are interesting for the gene functions prediction research area.
A simple technique for digital division (1967)

article Free Access Share on A simple technique for digital division Authors: Salil K. Nandi Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta, India Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta, IndiaView Profile , E. V. Krishnamurthy Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta, India Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta, IndiaView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 10Issue 5May 1967pp 299–301https://doi.org/10.1145/363282.363317Published:01 May 1967Publication History 10citation287DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations10Total Downloads287Last 12 Months23Last 6 weeks6 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Publisher SiteeReaderPDF
Rule-based grapheme-to-phoneme method for the Greek (2005)

This paper describes a trainable method for generating letter to sound rules for the Greek language, for producing the pronunciation of out-of-vocabulary words. Several approaches have been adopted over the years for grapheme-to-phoneme conversion, such as hand-seeded rules, finite state transducers, neural networks, HMMs etc, nevertheless it has been proved that the most reliable method is a rule-based one. Our approach is based on a semi-automatically pre-transcribed lexicon, from which we derived rules for automatic transcription. The efficiency and robustness of our method are proved by experiments on out-of-vocabulary words which resulted in over than 98% accuracy on a word-base criterion.
Quantity and accessibility for specific targeting of receptors in tumours (2014)

Synaphic (ligand-directed) targeting of drugs is an important potential new approach to drug delivery, particularly in oncology. Considerable success with this approach has been achieved in the treatment of blood-borne cancers, but the advances with solid tumours have been modest. Here, we have studied the number and availability for ligand binding of the receptors for two targeting ligands. The results show that both paucity of total receptors and their poor availability are major bottlenecks in drug targeting. A tumour-penetrating peptide greatly increases the availability of receptors by promoting transport of the drug to the extravascular tumour tissue, but the number of available receptors still remains low, severely limiting the utility of the approach. Our results emphasize the importance of using drugs with high specific activity to avoid exceeding receptor capacity because any excess drug conjugate would lose the targeting advantage. The mathematical models we describe make it possible to focus on those aspects of the targeting mechanism that are most likely to have a substantial effect on the overall efficacy of the targeting.
Motion segmentation and local structure (2002)

The author presents a means of segmenting independently moving objects from rigid backgrounds and recovering the orientations of the normals of local planar surface patches. The camera motion can be arbitrary with the proviso that the independent image motion violates the epipolar constraint. The method relies on describing the motion of points in the world in terms of their angular velocity relative to the camera. The method is crucially dependent on estimating camera rotation around image directions. An assumption about the likely motion of automatic guided vehicles is used to resolve the two-fold ambiguity in the estimate of the normal of a local planar patch. This allows local scene structure and camera rotation to be estimated. Motion segmentation is demonstrated on a real image sequence.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Upregulation of Interleukin 8 by Oxygen-deprived Cells in Glioblastoma Suggests a Role in Leukocyte Activation, Chemotaxis, and Angiogenesis (1997)

Leukocyte infiltration and necrosis are two biological phenomena associated with the development of neovascularization during the malignant progression of human astrocytoma. Here, we demonstrate expression of interleukin (IL)-8, a cytokine with chemotactic and angiogenic properties, and of IL-8-binding receptors in astrocytoma. IL-8 expression is first observed in low grade astrocytoma in perivascular tumor areas expressing inflammatory cytokines. In glioblastoma, it further localizes to oxygen-deprived cells surrounding necrosis. Hypoxic/anoxic insults on glioblastoma cells in vitro using anaerobic chamber systems or within spheroids developing central necrosis induced an increase in IL-8 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression. mRNA for IL-8-binding chemokine receptors CXCR1, CXCR2, and the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) were found in all astrocytoma grades by reverse transcription/PCR analysis. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry localized DARC expression on normal brain and tumor microvascular cells and CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression to infiltrating leukocytes. These results support a model where IL-8 expression is initiated early in astrocytoma development through induction by inflammatory stimuli and later in tumor progression increases due to reduced microenvironmental oxygen pressure. Augmented IL-8 would directly and/or indirectly promote angiogenesis by binding to DARC and by inducing leukocyte infiltration and activation by binding to CXCR1 and CXCR2.
Prostate cancer and prostate bed SPECT imaging with ProstaScint®: Semiquantitative correlation with prostatic biopsy results (1998)

A prostate/muscle ratio was developed from 111indium ProstaScint regions of interest obtained on 1-cm SPECT transverse slices through the prostate bed in 23 patients preprostatic cancer therapy. A P/M ratio above 3.0 correlated in the majority of positive cases, and a P/M ratio below 3.0 was demonstrated in negative prostatic biopsy cases. The P/M ratio of above 3.0 or below 3.0 also separated those posttherapy prostate cancer patients with rising PSA who had residual prostate carcinoma in the prostate bed.
A New Acylated Stilbene Glycoside from Acanthopanax brachypus (2009)

The Acanthopanax genus belonging to the Araliaceae family includes 37 species around the world, are widely distri buted in Korea, Japan, China and the far-eastern region of Russia. 26 species and 18 varieties grow in mainland China.1,2
User Modeling Servers: Requirements, Design, and Evaluation (2004)

Duisburg, Essen, Univ., Diss., 2003
ORDERED SUCCESSIVE INTERFERENCE CANCELLATION MIMO DECISION FEEDBACK EQUALIZATION BASED ON CONSTANT MODULUS PROPERTY (2008)

Abstract. The ordered successive interference cancellation MIMO decision feedback equalization based on constant modulus property is obtained by can-celing decided symbols from the received symbols successively with the decision feed-forward equalizer (DFE) solution as a well known expression encountered in improved log-normal error function based on CMA (ILNCMA-OSIC-DFE) adaptive algorithms. The decision feedback equalizer replaces a convolution of the decision feed-forward equalizer with the channel. The ILNCMA-OSIC-DFE algorithm avoids the interference of the decided symbols and improves the detection performance. In the environment where lots of wireless commu-nications are scattered over, simulation testing and the results shown that the detection performance of proposed algorithm is dramatically improved in com-parison with the traditional ordered decision feedback equalization based on recursive least square algorithm (RLS-O-DFE). Key Words. log-normal error function based on CMA, ordered successive interference cancellation, decision feedback 1.
An Infrastructure for a Mobile-Agent System that Provides Personalized Services to Mobile Devices (2000)

In this paper, we present the design of a mobile-agent system that provides a mobile user with a personalized information retrieval service and we describe the implementation of the infrastructure for such a system. This &quot;Personal Agent System&quot; gathers information from the Internet and uses context-aware mechanisms to manage the information according to a mobile user&apos;s needs and preferences. The user&apos;s schedule and location are the context indicators in this system. These indicators are critical in ensuring that users obtain only the information they want, receive information in a form that is most useful for viewing on their mobile device, and is notified of new information in a minimally intrusive manner. The system incorporates a rule-based learning system to enhance the personalization achieved by the system. 1. Introduction With the wealth of information that has become available to users through distributed multimedia information services, including the World Wide Web, and with ...
Phoenix, October 23, 2017 (2017)

The Phoenix is a student newspaper published at Governors State University since August 2002. The newspaper features student reporting, opinions, news, and photos.
The Due Process Clause as a Limitation on the Reach of State Legislation: An Historical and Analytical Examination of Substantive Due Process (1978)

Since the adoption of the due process clause of the fourteenth amendment, the Supreme Court has vacillated on the appropriate standard of review by which questions of infringement of liberty and property interests by state legislation are to be judged. This Article discusses the doctrine of substantive due process and examines its use by the Supreme Court since the adoption of the fourteenth amendment. The authors criticize the current Court's narrow and inconsistent construction of the due process clause. They recommend that the Court adopt and apply a standard of reasonableness when reviewing the reach of state legislation.
Effect of psoriasis treatment on plasma concentrations of metalloproteinase‐1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases‐1 (2005)

Our results confirm the role of TIMP-1 and MMP-1 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Pretreatment plasma TIMP-1 increased whereas MMP-1 decreased in patients with a more severe course of the disease. However, successful treatment causes normalization of these plasma protein concentrations irrespective of psoriasis baseline activity.
Addition of perfluorocarbons to alginate hydrogels significantly impacts molecular transport and fracture stress (2012)

Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are used in biomaterial formulations to increase oxygen (O(2) ) tension and create a homogeneous O(2) environment in three-dimensional tissue constructs. It is unclear how PFCs affect mechanical and transport properties of the scaffold, which are critical for robustness, intracellular signaling, protein transport, and overall device efficacy. In this study, we investigate composite alginate hydrogels containing a perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) emulsion stabilized with Pluronic(®) F68 (F68). We demonstrate that PFC addition significantly affects biomaterial properties and performance. Solution and hydrogel mechanical properties and transport of representative hydrophilic (riboflavin), hydrophobic (methyl and ethyl paraben), and protein (bovine serum albumin, BSA) solutes were compared in alginate/F68 composite hydrogels with or without PFOB. Our results indicate that mechanical properties of the alginate/F68/PFOB hydrogels are not significantly affected under small strains, but a significant decrease fracture stress is observed. The effective diffusivity D(eff) of hydrophobic small molecules decreases with PFOB emulsion addition, yet the D(eff) of hydrophilic small molecules remained unaffected. For BSA, the D(eff) increased and the loading capacity decreased with PFOB emulsion addition. Thus, a trade-off between the desired increased O(2) supply provided by PFCs and the mechanical weakening and change in transport of cellular signals must be carefully considered in the design of biomaterials containing PFCs.
Application of sonic-boom minimization concepts in supersonic transport design (1973)

The applicability of sonic boom minimization concepts in the design of large supersonic transport airplanes capable of a 2500-nautical-mile range at a cruise Mach number of 2.7 is considered. Aerodynamics, weight and balance, and mission performance as well as sonic boom factors, have been taken into account. The results indicate that shock-strength nominal values of somewhat less than 48 newtons/sq m during cruise are within the realm of possibility. Because many of the design features are in direct contradiction to presently accepted design practices, further study of qualified airplane design teams is required to ascertain sonic boom shock strength levels actually attainable for practical supersonic transports.
Über Ausscheidung von Phenylbrenztraubensäure in den Harn als Stoffwechselanomalie in Verbindung mit Imbezillität. (1934)

Article Über Ausscheidung von Phenylbrenztraubensäure in den Harn als Stoffwechselanomalie in Verbindung mit Imbezillität. was published on January 1, 1934 in the journal Biological Chemistry (volume 227, issue 1-4).
Simulated tolerance of loop parameters of Cartesian feedback amplifier for pi /4-shifted QPSK transmitter (2003)

Evaluates Cartesian feedback amplifier performance for a mobile terminal for a digital cellular system using pi /4-shifted QPSK. To determine the out-of-band emission, the authors calculated spectra in peak-hold mode based on RCR Standard STD-27 on Japan Digital Cellular Telecommunication System. They calculated the tolerance of the feedback amplifier's loop parameters, assuming TDMA system parameters based on the RCR specifications. Since the specifications for out-of-band emission of -45 dB at 50 kHz and -60 dB at 100 kHz from the band center were satisfied, the Cartesian feedback amplifier is applicable to a TDMA transmitter and is easily implemented for practical applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Monitoring chemical reactions by low‐field benchtop NMR at 45 MHz: pros and cons (2015)

Monitoring chemical reactions is the key to controlling chemical processes where NMR can provide support. High-field NMR gives detailed structural information on chemical compounds and reactions; however, it is expensive and complex to operate. Conversely, low-field NMR instruments are simple and relatively inexpensive alternatives. While low-field NMR does not provide the detailed information as the high-field instruments as a result of their smaller chemical shift dispersion and the complex secondary coupling, it remains of practical value as a process analytical technology (PAT) tool and is complimentary to other established methods, such as ReactIR and Raman spectroscopy. We have tested a picoSpin-45 (currently under ThermoFisher Scientific) benchtop NMR instrument to monitor three types of reactions by 1D (1) H NMR: a Fischer esterification, a Suzuki cross-coupling, and the formation of an oxime. The Fischer esterification is a relatively simple reaction run at high concentration and served as proof of concept. The Suzuki coupling is an example of a more complex, commonly used reaction involving overlapping signals. Finally, the oxime formation involved a reaction in two phases that cannot be monitored by other PAT tools. Here, we discuss the pros and cons of monitoring these reactions at a low-field of 45 MHz by 1D (1) H NMR. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mass-spectrometry of single mammalian cells quantifies proteome heterogeneity during cell differentiation (2017)

Cellular heterogeneity is important to biological processes, including cancer and development. However, proteome heterogeneity is largely unexplored because of the limitations of existing methods for quantifying protein levels in single cells. To alleviate these limitations, we developed Single Cell ProtEomics by Mass Spectrometry (SCoPE-MS), and validated its ability to identify distinct human cancer cell types based on their proteomes. We used SCoPE-MS to quantify over a thousand proteins in differentiating mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. The single-cell proteomes enabled us to deconstruct cell populations and infer protein abundance relationships. Comparison between single-cell proteomes and transcriptomes indicated coordinated mRNA and protein covariation. Yet many genes exhibited functionally concerted and distinct regulatory patterns at the mRNA and the protein levels, suggesting that post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms contribute to proteome remodeling during lineage specification, especially for developmental genes. SCoPE-MS is broadly applicable to measuring proteome configurations of single cells and linking them to functional phenotypes, such as cell type and differentiation potentials.
APC in the semiconductor industry, history and near term prognosis (2002)

This paper presents an abridged history of Advanced Process Control (APC), including both Fault Detection and Classification (FDC) and Model Based Process Control (MBPC), both within TI and in the semiconductor industry. While TI was an early leader in univariate fault detection in processing tools, other manufacturers have by now implemented such methodologies. For MBPC, the MMST program gave TI a lead, but others are now following that path. For TI and the semiconductor industry as a whole, the current thrust is to develop and implement multivariate APC methods into the manufacturing operations. This paper describes the complexity of the execution of these tasks, and lists some of the available tools that are requisite for implementing these plans.