gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antithrombin-binding Octasaccharides and Role of Extensions of the Active Pentasaccharide Sequence in the Specificity and Strength of Interaction (2008)

The antithrombotic activity of low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) is largely associated with the antithrombin (AT)-binding pentasaccharide sequence AGA(*)IA (GlcN(NAc/NS,6S)-GlcA-GlcN(NS,3,6S)-IdoUA(2S)-GlcN(NS,6S)). The location of the AGA(*)IA sequences along the LMWH chains is also expected to influence binding to AT. This study was aimed at investigating the role of the structure and molecular conformation of different disaccharide extensions on both sides of the AGA(*)IA sequence in modulating the affinity for AT. Four high purity octasaccharides isolated by size exclusion chromatography, high pressure liquid chromatography, and AT-affinity chromatography from the LMWH enoxaparin were selected for the study. All the four octasaccharides terminate at their nonreducing end with 4,5-unsaturated uronic acid residues (DeltaU). In two octasaccharides, AGA(*)IA was elongated at the reducing end by units IdoUA(2S)-GlcN(NS,6S) (OCTA-1) or IdoUA-GlcN(NAc,6S) (OCTA-2). In the other two octasaccharides (OCTA-3 and OCTA-4), AGA(*)IA was elongated at the nonreducing side by units GlcN(NS,6S)-IdoUA and GlcN(NS,6S)-GlcA, respectively. Extensions increased the affinity for AT of octasaccharides with respect to pentasaccharide AGA(*)IA, as also confirmed by fluorescence titration. Two-dimensional NMR and docking studies clearly indicated that, although elongation of the AGA(*)IA sequence does not substantially modify the bound conformation of the AGA(*)IA segment, extensions promote additional contacts with the protein. It should be noted that, as not previously reported, the unusual GlcA residue that precedes the AGA(*)IA sequence in OCTA-4 induced an unexpected 1 order of magnitude increase in the affinity to AT with respect to its IdoUA-containing homolog OCTA-3. Such a residue was found to orientate its two hydroxyl groups at close distance to residues of the protein. Besides the well established ionic interactions, nonionic interactions may thus contribute to strengthen oligosaccharide-AT complexes.
Excited State Proton Transfer and Persistent Hole Formation Processes in Hydroxyanthraquinone Derivatives (1992)

Abstract Persistent spectral hole burning properties of ten kinds of hydroxyanthraquinone derivatives are investigated. Possible photo-reaction process for the hole formation will be discussed on the basis of the observed electronic structures of these molecular systems in relation to hydrogen bonds and excited-state proton transfer.
Seminal Vesicles: Development, Secretory Products, and Fertility (1990)

The development of the seminal vesicle from the mesonephric duct is described. Particular attention is given to the recent biochemistry of seminal vesicle proteins. Proteins in the seminal vesicle fluid are few in number, may be insoluble at certain pH, and frequently form large macromolecular aggregates. Although not an absolute requirement for fertility, seminal vesicle fluid assists in a number of ways to insure fertility. A biochemical model is presented that demonstrates that cAMP dependent phosphorylation may be an important interaction between sperm and certain seminal vesicle proteins.
Development of Pathogenicity‐Driven Definitions of Outcomes for a Field Trial of a Killed Oral Vaccine against Enterotoxigenic<i>Escherichia coli</i>in Egypt: Application of an Evidence‐Based Method (2004)

Because the vaccine had been anticipated to protect primarily against symptomatic ETEC diarrhea, these results indicate that the primary-outcome definition of ETEC diarrhea for the trial should be restricted to nonbloody diarrheal episodes associated with fecal excretion of non-LT VP-ETEC.
Development of a new three-dimensional image reconstruction algorithm to reduce cone-beam artifacts (2005)

We investigated an image reconstruction algorithm to reduce cone-beam artifacts in cone-beam CT. To examine the factors involved in the occurrence of cone-beam artifacts, micro-spheres phantom were arranged longitudinally at different positions and a computer simulation was performed. Due to differences in projection angle, data projected onto the detector surface were projected along trajectories shown as different periodic functions depending on the distance and position from the center of rotation. Therefore, projection along several detector channels based on different projection data resulting from different periodic functions is considered responsible for the increase in cone-beam artifacts associated with an increase in the distance of reconstruction planes from the center of rotation. Our new algorithm to reduce such artifacts features: 1) A change in weighting with respect to projection data obtained at different projection angles. 2) Distribution of correction coefficients so that they are larger near the center of the detector, while taking individual channel data for the detector into account, and smaller near the edges. 3) Three-dimensional back-projection of corrected projection data. The effect of the reduction in cone-beam artifacts of an object located at the edges markedly enhanced reconstruction planes at positions further from the center of rotation.
The implications of e-business for product lifecycle management (2000)

It is important to see product data management in the context of the wider changes which e-business is enabling, and indeed driving, across every area of business. E-business has far-reaching implications for product lifecycle management (PLM): there may be questions about how fast the changes will be, but there is little doubt about the direction or how far. A wholesale transformation in attitudes is required to realise the benefits of PLM: so be clear about your level of ambition. The software landscape is still forming, therefore be flexible in your approach: compatibility is critical.
The quantum efficiency and stability of UV and soft x-ray photocathodes (2005)

The sensitivity of many detection devices is established by the use photocathodes for the conversion of incoming photons into photoelectrons. The choice of photocathode material is determined by the spectral range where the sensitivity of the device is most important. Alkali halides are very efficient photocathodes in the ultraviolet and soft X-ray wavelength ranges and are widely used in many scientific applications. Although they are relatively stable under short exposure to atmosphere, which substantially simplifies production and handling of detection devices, it was found that their sensitivity can be substantially reduced by intense UV or X-ray irradiation (photocathode's ageing). A detailed study of alkali halide photocathodes efficiency and their ageing under intense UV and X-ray irradiation as well as some methods of increasing the stability are presented. The quantum efficiency of amorphous diamond films were shown to be slightly lower than the efficiency of some alkali halide films, but the chemical and mechanical stability and yet to be confirmed radiation hardness of diamond photocathodes make them very attractive for many UV and soft X-ray applications. Multialkalis and new materials such as GaN, AlGaN, GaAs could be used to extend the sensitivity to longer wavelengths, but require in situ processing in very high vacuum.
Hybrid Fiber-Optic Sensing Integrating Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis and Fiber Bragg Grating for Long-Range Two-Parameter Measurement (2021)

Distributed fiber sensing (DFS) can provide real-time signals and warnings. The entire length of fiber optic cable can act as a sensing element, but the accuracy is sometimes limited. On the other hand, point-to-point fiber sensing (PPFS) is usually implemented using one or more fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) at specific positions along with the fiber for the monitoring of specific parameters (temperature, strain, pressure, and so on). However, the cost becomes expensive when the number of FBGs increases. A hybrid fiber sensing scheme is thus proposed, combining the advantages of DFS and PPFS. It is based on a Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) fiber system with additional FBGs embedded at certain positions where it is necessary to detect specific parameters. The hybrid fiber sensing system has the advantages of full sensing coverage at essential locations that need to be carefully monitored. In our work, the test results showed that the proposed system could achieve a sensing distance of 16 km with the single-mode fiber with a 2 m spatial resolution. For FBG parameter measurements, the temperature variation was 52 °C, from 25 °C to 77 °C, with a temperature sensitivity of 23 pm/°C, and the strain was from 0 to 400 µε, with a strain sensitivity of 0.975 pm/µε, respectively, using two FBGs.
Power allocation in energy harvesting sensors with ARQ: A convex optimization approach (2014)

In this work, we address the problem of finding optimal transmit power control policies for wireless energy harvesting sensors (EHS) with automatic repeat request (ARQ)-based packet (re)transmissions. The policy is designed to minimize the average probability of packet outage, under the constraint of long-term energy neutrality at the EH node. The indirect information about the channel state gleaned through ACK/NACK messages is used to set the transmit power of each packet attempt. Using tools from convex optimization, we obtain an optimal power management policy, under the assumption of an ideal, infinite-capacity battery. By design, the policy operates independent of the current battery state, and is therefore suitable in scenarios where it is difficult or energy-expensive to obtain accurate battery state information. Also, the optimal solution is computationally very simple to evaluate. We validate our results using Monte Carlo simulations, and show that the proposed policy outperforms existing state-of-the-art transmission schemes.
Efficient memory compression in deep neural networks using coarse-grain sparsification for speech applications (2016)

Recent breakthroughs in deep neural networks have led to the proliferation of its use in image and speech applications. Conventional deep neural networks (DNNs) are fully-connected multi-layer networks with hundreds or thousands of neurons in each layer. Such a network requires a very large weight memory to store the connectivity between neurons. In this paper, we propose a hardware-centric methodology to design low power neural networks with significantly smaller memory footprint and computation resource requirements. We achieve this by judiciously dropping connections in large blocks of weights. The corresponding technique, termed coarse-grain sparsification (CGS), introduces hardware-aware sparsity during the DNN training, which leads to efficient weight memory compression and significant computation reduction during classification without losing accuracy. We apply the proposed approach to DNN design for keyword detection and speech recognition. When the two DNNs are trained with 75% of the weights dropped and classified with 5–6 bit weight precision, the weight memory requirement is reduced by 95% compared to their fully-connected counterparts with double precision, while maintaining similar performance in keyword detection accuracy, word error rate, and sentence error rate. To validate this technique in real hardware, a time-multiplexed architecture using a shared multiply and accumulate (MAC) engine was implemented in 65nm and 40nm low power (LP) CMOS. In 40nm at 0.6 V, the keyword detection network consumes 36µW and the speech recognition network consumes 552µW, making this technique highly suitable for mobile and wearable devices.
Pregnancy Diagnosis in Cats Using a Rapid, Bench‐top Kit to Detect Relaxin in Urine (2006)

Relaxin is a pregnancy-specific hormone in the queen and is produced by the placenta. Both serum and urinary relaxin levels can be used to diagnose and monitor pregnancy in the cat; however, only serum levels are commonly measured in practice. The present study aimed to assess whether urine could be used for the rapid diagnosis of pregnancy at an early stage in domestic cats using a bench-top kit to detect relaxin. Paired serum and urine samples were collected during the first month of gestation in six cats. The samples were tested by applying neat serum, urine or urine diluted in non-pregnant cat serum to the Witness Relaxin kit. Relaxin concentrations in the paired samples were also measured by radioimmunoassay. All undiluted urine samples from pregnant cats tested negative using the bench-top kit; however, the kit was able to detect relaxin in urine after dilution with non-pregnant cat serum. Using this as the test sample, the kit was accurate at diagnosing pregnancy from 28 days after mating and some samples tested positive at 21 days after mating. This preliminary work could lead to the development of a home pregnancy test for cats.
Erythrocyte-neutrophil interactions: formation of leukotriene B4 by transcellular biosynthesis. (1986)

Studies on the mechanism of leukotriene B4 biosynthesis in suspensions composed of neutrophils plus erythrocytes indicate that human erythrocytes convert neutrophil-derived leukotriene A4 into leukotriene B4. Leukotriene B4 formation by neutrophils in the presence of erythrocytes exceeded that from corresponding suspensions of neutrophils alone. The increase was proportional to the erythrocyte content of the suspension. The erythrocyte-dependent increase in leukotriene B4 biosynthesis did not equal the arithmetic sum of calcium ionophore-dependent biosynthesis by neutrophils plus calcium ionophore-dependent biosynthesis by erythrocytes, since erythrocytes produced no leukotriene B4 upon incubation with ionophore A23187. Erythrocytes did not stimulate 5-lipoxygenase activity within neutrophils, since the erythrocyte effect was confined to enzymatic hydration: leukotriene B4 increased coincident with decreased formation of 5,12-dihydroxyicosatetraenoic acids derived from nonenzymatic hydration. Biosynthesis of leukotriene B4 within the erythrocyte, from neutrophil-derived leukotriene A4, was established by comparing the effect of normal erythrocytes with erythrocytes containing a leukotriene A4 hydrolase that was inactivated by the substrate. In the latter case, leukotriene B4 formation increased by only 30-40%; in the former case, it increased by 100-200%. Transcellular biosynthesis of leukotriene B4 from erythrocyte-neutrophil interactions explains the paradoxical presence of leukotriene A4 hydrolase within erythrocytes, a cell incapable of synthesizing leukotriene A4; affords a mechanism to overcome rate limitations or "suicide inactivation" of leukotriene A4 hydrolase in neutrophils; exploits a cryptic capacity within erythrocytes, provisionally dormant cells in terms of icosanoid biosynthesis; indicates that the biosynthetic capacity of cell combinations is not necessarily equivalent to the sum of their separate capacities.
A Secure Management Scheme Designed in Cloud (2016)

At present, the security has become an important issue in the field of cloud computing. The importance and urgency of the problem cannot be ignored. The popularization and application of cloud computing is a great challenge and opportunity in the field of information security in recent years. It can be seen that cloud computing security is changing to a hot spot for technology and academic research in cloud computing. This paper is aim to solve the problem of Cloud Security. According to the unique properties of cloud computing security, it proposes a secure management scheme in cloud computing. This scheme is used to detect the hacker attacks, illegal operation, potential threats and other security events in time based on big data. There are three main sections in the scheme: vulnerability scan, system log collection, correlation analysis. They are simply introduced and analyzed in this paper. Vulnerability scan: regular using of Nikto, Sandcat or other security tools for the cloud system to carry out the vulnerability scanning, regular network security self-testing, and building an extremely detailed scan report. System log collection: Using of Splunk, Nagios or other tools to collect the system log, also building a detailed log report. Correlation analysis: through the correlation analysis or canonical correlation analysis is used on the system log reports and vulnerability scanning reports, the attacker's attack will be found and the system will be issued a warning in time. At last, the scheme was built in the company's test environment, then the test environment was attacked by penetration test which is to simulate the act of hacking, the feasibility and function of it are verified by the testing.
Jean-Claude Baron (1936-2002) (2003)

Auteur(s) : Jacques Constant* * Psychiatre des Hopitaux, Centre hospitalier, rue Saint-Martin-au-Val, 28000 Chartres. E-mail : constant@ch-chartres.fr Jean-Claude Baron est mort brusquement le 6 aout 2002, a 66 ans, en pleine activite de medecin-chef d’un service de psychiatrie generale a l’hopital de Bonneval en Eure-et-Loir.  Notre relation avait debute a la fin des annees soixante a Sainte-Anne a Paris. Il avait ete interne des hopitaux psychiatriques de [...]
<scp>l</scp>‐Arabinose transport and catabolism in yeast (2007)

Two yeasts, Candida arabinofermentans PYCC 5603(T) and Pichia guilliermondii PYCC 3012, which show rapid growth on L-arabinose and very high rates of L-arabinose uptake on screening, were selected for characterization of L-arabinose transport and the first steps of intracellular L-arabinose metabolism. The kinetics of L-arabinose uptake revealed at least two transport systems with distinct substrate affinities, specificities, functional mechanisms and regulatory properties. The L-arabinose catabolic pathway proposed for filamentous fungi also seems to operate in the yeasts studied. The kinetic parameters of the initial L-arabinose-metabolizing enzymes were determined. Reductases were found to be mostly NADPH-dependent, whereas NAD was the preferred cofactor of dehydrogenases. The differences found between the two yeasts agree with the higher efficiency of L-arabinose metabolism in C. arabinofermentans. This is the first full account of the initial steps of L-arabinose catabolism in yeast including the biochemical characterization of a specific L-arabinose transporter.
Forms of the affine line and its additive group (1970)

Let k be a field, X o an object (e.g., scheme, group scheme) defined over k. An object X of the same type and isomorphic to Xo over some field K z> k is called a form of X o . If k is not perfect, both the affine line A 1 and its additive group G tt have nontrivial sets of forms, and these are investigated here. Equivalently, one is interested in ^-algebras R such that K k R = K[t] (the polynomial ring in one variable) for some field K => k y where, in the case of forms of G , R has a group (or co-algebra) structure s\R->R k R such that (Ks)(t) = 1 + 1 . A complete classification of forms of G and their principal homogeneous spaces is given and the behaviour of the set of forms under base field extension is studied.
Fixed-order H 2 and H = optimal deconvolution "lter designs (2000)

For the simplicity of implementation and saving of operation time, the xed-order optimal deconvolution lter design is appealing for engineers in signal processing from practical design perspective. In this study, a design method based on genetic algorithms is proposed to simultaneously treat with H 2 and H = optimal signal reconstruction design problem with prescribedlter order. Genetic algorithms are optimization and machine learning algorithms, initially inspired from the processes of natural selection and evolutionary genetics. They tend to nd the global optimum solution without becoming trapped at local minima. Both IIR and FIR cases are discussed in this study. The convergence property of our design algorithm is also discussed by Markov chain method. Two design examples of H 2 and H = optimal deconvolution with xed-order lters are given to illustrate the design procedure and the performance of the proposed design methods, respectively. ( 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Zusammenfassung Vom Standpunkt des praktischen Entwurfs aus betrachtet ist ein optimales Entfaltungslter fester Ordnung wegen seiner einfachen Implementierung und E$zienz attraktiv fuK r Anwendungen in der Signalverarbeitung. In dieser Studie wird eine auf genetischen Algorithmen beruhende Entwurfsmethode vorgeschlagen. Damit lassen sich Entwurfsprobleme fuK r H 2 - und H = - optimale Signalrekonstruktionen mit vorgeschriebener Filterordnung gleichzeitig behandeln. Genetische Algorithmen sind Algorithmen zur Optimierung und zum maschinellen Lernen, welche anfangs von Prozessen der natuK rlichen Selektion und evoleuionaK ren Genetik inspiriert wurden. Sie tendieren dazu, global optimale LoK sungen zu nden, ohne durch lokale Minima gefangen zu werden. Sowohl der IIR- als auch der FIR-Fall werden in dieser Studie diskutiert. Weiters wird das Konvergenzverhalten unseres Entwurfsalgorithmus mittels einer auf Marko!-Ketten beruhenden Methode untersucht. Die Entwurfsprozedur und die LeistungsfaK higkeit der vorgeschlagenen Entwurfsmethoden werden durch zwei Entwurfsbeispiele zur H 2 - und H = - optimalen Entfaltung mit Filtern fester Ordnung illustriert. ( 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Re2 sume2 Pour la simpliciteH d’impleH mentation et l’eH conomie de temps d’opeH rations, la conception de ltres de deH convolution optimaux d’ordre xe est attrayante pour les ingeH nieurs en traitement de signaux dans une perspective de conceptions pratiques. Dans cette eH tude, nous preH sentons une meH thode de conception reposant sur des algorithmes geH neH tiques pour traiter simultaneH ment le proble‘ me de la conception de reconstructions optimales H 2 et H = de signaux avec un ordre de
Optimal vs. heuristic approaches to context scheduling for multi-context reconfigurable architectures (2002)

This paper describes a methodology to efficiently obtain a solution to the problem of context scheduling for multi-context reconfigurable architectures, regarding the minimization of context loading overhead. The target applications are assumed to be periodic, since it is a typical feature of many DSP and multimedia applications. This paper considers the trade-off between achievable system performance and algorithm efficiency. It has been developed as a part of an automated design environment for reconfigurable systems.
신상옥의 영화에 나타난 사선(斜線)의 미학 (2006)

This paper intends to look into the 'formal' aspects in the movies of Shin Sang-ok, who is a representative film director of Korea in the 1960's, Shin Sang-ok quested for the embodiment of 'image text' rather than 'language text' in order to express his outlook on the world and aesthetical point of view through various image-signs in his movie. We can find that the narrative structure in his historical movies such as Yeonsangun, Tyrant Yeonsant is used as a very critical communication tool and also the position and the angle of the camera produce diverse meanings. \nSpecifically, in his movie, it is notable that he made un original oblique composition, which is different from the perspective representation used in the western art and movies. This creative technique is rarely found in any films from other countries. It is said that he overcame 'the perspective representation' which means one creature of the western skill. We surveyed the conflicts of tradition and modernity which were shown in Korea historical movie in the 1960's. \nIn this way, his historical movies seems to transcend the western modernity into the oriental contemplative aesthetics in a layer of formal technique of the film.