gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Listeriolysin O: cholesterol inhibits cytolysis but not binding to cellular membranes (1998)

Listeriolysin O (LLO) binds to cholesterol-containing membranes in which it oligomerizes to form pores. Preincubation of the toxin with cholesterol is known to inhibit haemolysis, whereas the oxidized form of cholesterol has no inhibitory effect. Using immunoblot analyses and flow cytometry we demonstrate that preincubation with cholesterol does not influence binding of the listeriolysin-cholesterol complex to red blood cells, eukaryotic cells or artificial membranes. Lytic activity of membrane-bound LLO inactivated by cholesterol can be restored by enzymatic treatment with cholesterol oxidase. To determine the step at which cholesterol inhibits lytic activity, we looked for pore formation using electron microscopy. Pores formed by purified listeriolysin could be directly visualized using erythrocyte ghosts. This property was lost upon incubation of the toxin with cholesterol. Quantitative analysis strongly suggest that inhibition of lysis by cholesterol is not due to decreased binding of listeriolysin to target membranes, but rather to an interference with a subsequent step leading to polymerization of the toxin.
Efficient Colorimetric pH Sensor Based on Responsive Polymer–Quantum Dot Integrated Graphene Oxide (2014)

In this paper, we report the development of a versatile platform for a highly efficient and stable graphene oxide (GO)-based optical sensor that exhibits distinctive ratiometric color responses. To demonstrate the applicability of the platform, we fabricated a colorimetric, GO-based pH sensor that responds to a wide range of pH changes. Our sensing system is based on responsive polymer and quantum dot (QD) hybrids integrated on a single GO sheet (MQD-GO), with the GO providing an excellent signal-to-noise ratio and high dispersion stability in water. The photoluminescence emissions of the blue and orange color-emitting QDs (BQDs and OQDs) in MQD-GO can be controlled independently by different pH-responsive linkers of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) (pKa=4.5) and poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) (pKa=3.0) that can tune the efficiencies of Förster resonance energy transfer from the BQDs to the GO and from the OQDs to the GO, respectively. As a result, the color of MQD-GO changes from orange to near-white to blue over a wide range of pH values. The detailed mechanism of the pH-dependent response of the MQD-GO sensor was elucidated by measurements of time-resolved fluorescence and dynamic light scattering. Furthermore, the MQD-GO sensor showed excellent reversibility and high dispersion stability in pure water, indicating that our system is an ideal platform for biological and environmental applications. Our colorimetric GO-based optical sensor can be expanded easily to various other multifunctional, GO-based sensors by using alternate stimuli-responsive polymers.
p53 Moves to Mitochondria: A Turn on the Path to Apoptosis (2004)

It has been said that no matter which direction cancer research turns, the p53 tumor suppressor protein comes into view. The widespread role of p53 as a suppressor of tumor development is believed to rely on its ability to induce programmed cell death in response to stress, either the replicative stress associated with uncontrolled cellular proliferation, or the environmental stresses that accompany tumor development, such as hypoxia. For some time it has been believed that the role of p53 in inducing apoptosis in response to such stress was as a master regulator coordinating the expression of other molecules whose ultimate role was the execution of the cell. New data, however, suggest that p53 itself also has a direct role in accomplishing cell death, at the mitochondria.
DCR: Deterministic Crash Recovery for NAND Flash Storage Systems (2018)

NAND flash memory has been widely adopted as the storage medium. As power failure may occur at any time and result in data loss, crash recovery becomes vitally important in NAND flash memory storage systems. Since flash translation layers (FTLs) are used to manage flash memory, the crash recovery problem in NAND flash is how to efficiently and effectively recover FTL metadata with consistency after system crash. In this paper, we present deterministic crash recovery (DCR) that adopts a deterministic approach for crash recovery in NAND flash storage systems. The basic idea is to exploit the determinism of FTLs and reproduce events that happened between the last checkpoint and the crash point during crash recovery. Different from existing approaches that need to scan the whole flash memory chip, DCR can recover the system more efficiently by only checking a limited number of blocks based on deterministic FTL operations. We have implemented DCR in an FTL and compared it with the representative version-based and power loss recovery schemes based on an ARM-based embedded system. Experimental results show that DCR can greatly reduce the recovery time and guarantee the consistency of FTL metadata after recovery.
DHCP Option to Disable Stateless Auto-Configuration in IPv4 Clients (1999)

Operating Systems are now attempting to support ad-hoc networks of two or more systems, while keeping user configuration at a minimum. To accommodate this, in the absence of a central configuration mechanism (DHCP), some OS's are automatically choosing a link-local IP address which will allow them to communicate only with other hosts on the same link. This address will not allow the OS to communicate with anything beyond a router. However, some sites depend on the fact that a host with no DHCP response will have no IP address. This document describes a mechanism by which DHCP servers are able to tell clients that they do not have an IP address to offer, and that the client should not generate an IP address it's own.
Licorice Extract Does Not Impair the Male Reproductive Function of Rats (2008)

The effect of water extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis), one of the most widely used medicinal plants in Oriental nations and in Europe, on male reproductive function was investigated in rats. Licorice extract was prepared as in Oriental clinics and orally administered at doses of 500, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg, the upper-limit dose (2,000 mg/kg) recommended in the Toxicity Test guideline of the Korea Food and Drug Administration, to 6-week-old male rats for 9 weeks. Licorice extract neither induced clinical signs, nor affected the daily feed consumption and body weight gain. There were no significant changes in testicular weights, gross and microscopic findings, and daily sperm production between vehicle- and licorice-treated animals, in spite of slight decreases in prostate weight and daily sperm production at the high dose (2,000 mg/kg). In addition, licorice did not affect the motility and morphology of sperm, although the serum testosterone level tended to decrease without significant difference, showing a 28.6% reduction in the high-dose (2,000 mg/kg) group. The results suggest that the no observed adverse-effect level of licorice extract is higher than 2,000 mg/kg, the upper-limit dose, and that long-term exposure to licorice might not cause profound adverse effects.
Reliability-Aware Runtime Power Management for Many-Core Systems in the Dark Silicon Era (2016)

Power management of networked many-core systems with runtime application mapping becomes more challenging in the dark silicon era. It necessitates considering network characteristics at runtime to achieve better performance while honoring the peak power upper bound. On the other hand, power management has a direct effect on chip temperature, which is the main driver of the aging effects. Therefore, alongside performance fulfillment, the controlling mechanism must also consider the current cores' reliability in its actuator manipulation to enhance the overall system lifetime in the long term. In this paper, we propose a multiobjective dynamic power management technique that uses current power consumption and other network characteristics including the reliability of the cores as the feedback while utilizing fine-grained voltage and frequency scaling and per-core power gating as the actuators. In addition, disturbance rejecter and reliability balancer are designed to help the controller to better smooth power consumption in the short term and reliability in the long term, respectively. Simulations of dynamic workloads and mixed criticality application profiles show that our method not only is effective in honoring the power budget while considerably boosting the system throughput, but also increases the overall system lifetime by minimizing aging effects by means of power consumption balancing.
Fluid jet and bonnet polishing of optical moulds for application from visible to X-ray (2011)

Electroless Nickel (ENi) and binderless Tungsten Carbide (WC) are materials widely used in industry to make
replication moulds for precision optics, with applications ranging from consumer camera lenses to high accuracy X-ray
mirrors. The aspheric shape generation is generally performed by diamond turning in the case of Nickel, and micro-grinding
in the case of Tungsten Carbide. However, both machining methods fall short from meeting the ultra-precision
criteria required by an increasing number of applications, because of insufficient form accuracy and the frequency
content of the machining marks they leave on the surface. It is thus commonly observed in industry that moulds need to
be subsequently polished by hand, a usually slow and human resource intensive operation. The Zeeko 7-axis CNC
machine, equipped with sub-aperture fluid jet and precessed bonnet polishing technology, has been used to develop
deterministic finishing processes on both Electroless Nickel and Tungsten Carbide. Corrective polishing to less than λ/20
(<31nm PV) form error can be achieved, as well as the ability to smooth surface texture down to 1nm Ra or less, in a
time efficient manner.
Integration of innovative ohmic contacts for heterogeneous III-V/Silicon Photonic devices (2017)

Since the 2000s, the requirements in terms of data exchange never stopped rising owing to a multitude of emerging communication means. These extensive modifications lead the signal processing and electrical technologies to switch towards optical devices and interconnections. Among others, these new technologies require the use of III-V-based emitters and receptors. In order to miniaturize these devices, to optimize the performances and to minimize the fabrication cost of such a technology, an innovative manufacturing model consists in integrating directly the III-V laser source onto the 200 mm Si photonics circuit. To enable the development of contacts meeting the constraints of a front-end / middle-end Si-environment along with those of an operating laser, one of the keys lies in the development of contacts on n-InP and p-InGaAs which are necessary to electrically pump the III-V laser.This Ph.D thesis therefore deals with the development of an innovative contact architecture fulfilling the requirements of a front-end / middle-end Si-dedicated clean room environment while optimizing the performances of the III-V laser. An integration scheme is firstly presented in its wholeness before optimizing every available process that is required. This kind of development leverages the advantage of utilizing existing infrastructures and processes while preserving the III-V surfaces and optimizing the performances of the III-V laser. Special attention is devoted to the development of the contact metallization which relies on the formation of intermetallic compounds at the interface between the deposited metal and the semiconductor. Extensive studies are therefore conducted on the Ni/n-InP, Ni/p-InGaAs et Ti/n-InP systems in order to identify the phase sequences, the involved mechanism and finally the thermal stability of the various phases. Ultimately, these metallizations are integrated in structures dedicated to their electrical characterization. The corresponding specific contact resistivities are thus extracted. Thanks to these studies, the metallizations and processes allowing an optimization of the electrical performances of the integrated contacts while ensuring their stability are finally identified.
Endogenous opiates modulate the pulsatile secretion of biologically active luteinizing hormone in man. (1983)

We studied the secretion of physiological pools of immunoreactive and biologically active luteinizing hormone in response to endogenous pulses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GNRH) in eugonadal men. Concentrations of immunoactive and bioactive luteinizing hormone (LH) were determined in blood drawn at 20-min intervals for 8 h in eight normal men under two conditions: (a) after placebo, in order to evaluate spontaneous LH pulsations in the basal state, and (b) after administration of the opiate-receptor antagonist, naltrexone, which is believed to amplify the pulsatile release of endogenous GNRH. Spontaneous and naltrexone-stimulated secretion of LH occurred in pulses of high biological activity, as measured in the RICT (rat interstitial cell testosterone bioassay), i.e., bioactive:immunoactive LH ratios within both spontaneous and naltrexone-stimulated LH pulses were higher than corresponding interpulse ratios (P less than 0.001). Quantitative characterization of the pulsatile release of bioactive LH revealed the following specific effects of opiate-receptor blockade: increased 8-h mean and integrated serum concentrations of bioactive LH (P less than 0.002), enhanced pulse frequency of bioactive LH release (P less than 0.001), and augmented peak amplitude of bio-LH pulses (P less than 0.01). Moreover, this increase in episodic secretion of bioactive LH was associated with increased 8-h mean and integrated serum testosterone concentrations in these men (P less than 0.05). We conclude the following: (a) LH is normally released in spontaneous pulses of high biological activity in men; (b) when the endogenous GNRH signal is amplified by opiate-receptor blockade, the pituitary gland releases more frequent bioactive LH pulses, which are of high amplitude and contain a high bioactive:immunoactive LH ratio. This increase in pulsatile release of bioactive LH quantitated in the RICT assay in vitro is reflected by acutely increased serum testosterone concentrations in vivo. We infer that modulation of the episodic GNRH signal by endogenous opiates provides another significant mechanism by which the hypothalamus can alter the biological activity of circulating gonadotropic hormone in man. Moreover, observed alterations in the pulsatile pattern of bioactive LH release were associated in turn with significant changes in testosterone concentrations. Thus, we hypothesize that alterations in the properties of the bioactive LH pulse signal can provide an important mechanism for regulating target-cell function within the gonad in states of health or disease.
Distinct Biphasic mRNA Changes in Response to Asian Soybean Rust Infection (2007)

Asian soybean rust (ASR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is now established in all major soybean-producing countries. Currently, there is little information about the molecular basis of ASR-soybean interactions, which will be needed to assist future efforts to develop effective resistance. Toward this end, abundance changes of soybean mRNAs were measured over a 7-day ASR infection time course in mock-inoculated and infected leaves of a soybean accession (PI230970) carrying the Rpp2 resistance gene and a susceptible genotype (Embrapa-48). The expression profiles of differentially expressed genes (ASR-infected compared with the mock-inoculated control) revealed a biphasic response to ASR in each genotype. Within the first 12 h after inoculation (hai), which corresponds to fungal germination and penetration of the epidermal cells, differential gene expression changes were evident in both genotypes. mRNA expression of these genes mostly returned to levels found in mock-inoculated plants by 24 hai. In the susceptible genotype, gene expression remained unaffected by rust infection until 96 hai, a time period when rapid fungal growth began. In contrast, gene expression in the resistant genotype diverged from the mock-inoculated control earlier, at 72 h, demonstrating that Rpp2-mediated defenses were initiated prior to this time. These data suggest that ASR initially induces a nonspecific response that is transient or is suppressed when early steps in colonization are completed in both soybean genotypes. The race-specific resistance phenotype of Rpp2 is manifested in massive gene expression changes after the initial response prior to the onset of rapid fungal growth that occurs in the susceptible genotype.
No significant effect of uridine or pravastatin treatment for HIV lipoatrophy in men who have ceased thymidine analogue nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy: a randomized trial<sup>*</sup> (2010)

In this population and at the doses used, neither uridine nor pravastatin for 24 weeks significantly increased limb fat mass.
A thalassaemia array for Southeast Asia (2003)

The alpha and beta thalassaemias are the commonest genetic disorders worldwide. The homozygous state is associated with high morbidity and mortality, thus screening of at-risk pregnancies and prenatal testing are strongly advocated. A thalassaemia (thal) array has been designed using allele-specific arrayed primer extension (AS-APEX) for the simultaneous analysis of 15 non-deletion alpha-gene defects and 23 beta-gene mutations commonly found in southeast Asian countries, where thalassaemias are highly prevalent. This overcomes the problem of using multiple reverse dot blot analysis. The array showed 100% sensitivity and specificity in the detection of 120 beta-thal mutants and 35 non-deletion alpha-thal mutants. It is robust enough to be produced in a single place and shipped to other laboratories for use. The production cost of the array is low, each slide can be used for three different test samples and is therefore amenable to large scale antenatal screening in southeast Asian countries.
Detection, localization, and tracking of unauthorized UAS and Jammers (2017)

Small unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) are expected to take major roles in future smart cities, for example, by delivering goods and merchandise, potentially serving as mobile hot spots for broadband wireless access, and maintaining surveillance and security. Although they can be used for the betterment of the society, they can also be used by malicious entities to conduct physical and cyber attacks to infrastructure, private/public property, and people. Even for legitimate use-cases of small UASs, air traffic management (ATM) for UASs becomes of critical importance for maintaining safe and collusion-free operation. Therefore, various ways to detect, track, and interdict potentially unauthorized drones carries critical importance for surveillance and ATM applications. In this paper, we will review techniques that rely on ambient radio frequency signals (emitted from UASs), radars, acoustic sensors, and computer vision techniques for detection of malicious UASs. We will present some early experimental and simulation results on radar-based range estimation of UASs, and receding horizon tracking of UASs. Subsequently, we will overview common techniques that are considered for interdiction of UASs.
Appropriate maintenance treatment for Crohn's disease: Results of a multidisciplinary international expert panel — EPACT II (2009)

Detailed explicit appropriateness criteria (EPACT) have been updated for maintenance treatment of CD. New expert recommendations for use of the classic immunosuppressors as well as anti-TNFα agents are now freely available online (www.epact.ch). The validity of these criteria should now be tested by prospective evaluation.
Photochemistry of nonconjugated bichromophoric systems. Mechanism of the intramolecular photocycloaddition of biscoumarins in solution (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of nonconjugated bichromophoric systems. Mechanism of the intramolecular photocycloaddition of biscoumarins in solutionF. C. De Schryver, J. Put, L. Leenders, and H. LoosCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 22, 6994–7000Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00829a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00829a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Welding of Reinforcing Steel Between Precast Concrete Units (1961)

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Sequential deletion of Pichia pastoris genes by a self-excisable cassette (2011)

A rapid and convenient method is presented for unmarked gene deletions in Pichia pastoris. Cre/mutated lox system, Zeocin(®) (Invitrogen) resistance marker and homologous arms were spliced together by fusion PCR to generate the gene disruption cassettes (homologous region-lox71-Cre-ZeoR-lox66-homologous region), which could be integrated into the P. pastoris genome via homologous recombination. After transferring double-cross-over recombinants to methanol induction medium, transient expression of Cre recombinase caused the recombination of lox71-Cre-ZeoR-lox66 fragment into a double-mutant lox72 site, thus excising the Cre-ZeoR cassette from the P. pastoris genome. As the double-mutant lox72 site displays strongly reduced binding affinity for Cre recombinase, this method could be used sequentially to disrupt P. pastoris genes without introducing selectable markers. The effectiveness of this strategy was verified by introducing both single and double gene deletions into the P. pastoris genome.
Applying dataflow and transactions to Lee routing (2012)

Abstract. Programming multicore shared-memory systems is a challenging combination of exposing parallelism in your program and communicating between the resulting parallel paths of execution. The burden of communication can introduce complexity that is hard to separate from the pure expression of the algorithm and can negate the performance that is gained from parallelism. We are extending the Scala language with dataflow for creating parallelism and transactions for the controlled mutation of shared state. We take an early look at applying this work to Lee’s algorithm for routing circuit boards and consider the potential benefits of programming with this system with regard to the elegance of expression and the resulting performance. We show how our approach reduces the number of lines of code and synchronisation operations needed, at the same time as improving real-world performance. 1