gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased susceptibility of TNF-alpha lymphotoxin-alpha double knockout mice to systemic candidiasis through impaired recruitment of neutrophils and phagocytosis of Candida albicans. (1999)

TNF-alpha and lymphotoxin-alpha (LT) are members of the TNF family, and these cytokines play crucial roles in the defense against infection with Candida albicans. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of endogenous TNF and LT during disseminated candidiasis in TNF-/-LT-/- knockout mice. The TNF- and LT-deficient animals had a significantly increased mortality following C. albicans infection compared with control mice, and this was due to a 10- to 1000-fold increased outgrowth of the yeast in their organs. No differences between TNF-/-LT-/- mice and TNF+/+LT+/+ were observed when mice were rendered neutropenic, suggesting that activation of neutrophils mediates the beneficial effects of endogenous TNF and LT. Histopathology of the organs, combined with neutrophil recruitment experiments, showed a dramatic delay in the neutrophil recruitment at the sites of Candida infection in the TNF-/-LT-/- mice. Moreover, the neutrophils of deficient animals were less potent to phagocytize Candida blastospores than control neutrophils. In contrast, the killing of Candida and the oxygen radical production did not differ between neutrophils of TNF-/-LT-/- and TNF+/+LT+/+ mice. Peak circulating IL-6 was significantly higher in TNF-/-LT-/- mice during infection. Peritoneal macrophages of TNF-/-LT-/- mice did not produce TNF, and synthesized significantly lower amounts of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha than macrophages of TNF+/+LT+/+ animals did. In conclusion, endogenous TNF and/or LT contribute to host resistance to disseminated candidiasis, and their absence in TNF-/-LT-/- mice renders the animals susceptible through impaired recruitment of neutrophils and impaired phagocytosis of C. albicans.
V band planar type dielectric resonator filter fabricated in ceramic substrate (2002)

A TE/sub 010/ mode dielectric resonator is proposed for use in a millimeter-wave filter. The resonators were fabricated on a ceramic substrate and show good performance at 60 GHz. A planar circuit type millimeter-wave filter, using the TE/sub 010/ mode dielectric resonator, has been developed. The filter is applicable to future millimeter-wave communications systems.
Predictive Control for Linear and Hybrid Systems (2017)

Model Predictive Control (MPC), the dominant advanced control approach in industry over the past twenty-five years, is presented comprehensively in this unique book. With a simple, unified approach, and with attention to real-time implementation, it covers predictive control theory including the stability, feasibility, and robustness of MPC controllers. The theory of explicit MPC, where the nonlinear optimal feedback controller can be calculated efficiently, is presented in the context of linear systems with linear constraints, switched linear systems, and, more generally, linear hybrid systems. Drawing upon years of practical experience and using numerous examples and illustrative applications, the authors discuss the techniques required to design predictive control laws, including algorithms for polyhedral manipulations, mathematical and multiparametric programming and how to validate the theoretical properties and to implement predictive control policies. The most important algorithms feature in an accompanying free online MATLAB toolbox, which allows easy access to sample solutions. Predictive Control for Linear and Hybrid Systems is an ideal reference for graduate, postgraduate and advanced control practitioners interested in theory and/or implementation aspects of predictive control.
Coordinated Control of the Bus Tie Switches and Power Supply Converters for Fault Protection in DC Microgrids (2012)

For dc microgrids, coordinated operation of electronic power converters and mechanical contactors can rapidly isolate short circuit faults while maintaining continuity of power to loads. The entire process—rapidly limiting current, deenergizing the bus, reconfiguring the bus via segmentizers or bus ties, and reenergizing the network—can be accomplished in milliseconds, during which time diode-isolated load-side hold-up capacitors continue supplying power to critical loads. For a wide range of systems, reconfiguration can be accomplished in 8–10 ms, which is fast enough to comply with requirements of CBEMA and IEEE standards on power quality. Reconfiguration time depends on the power system dimensions, the number of sources connected to the system, the system nominal voltage, and the performance of segmentizers.
BREAKING THROUGH (2006)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTBREAKING THROUGHPrintable electronics is attracting growing interest and is gearing up for commercial applicationsALEXANDER H. TULLOView Author Information C&EN NORTHEAST NEWS BUREAUCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2006, 84, 7, 45–51Publication Date (Print):February 13, 2006Publication History Published online14 November 2010Published inissue 13 February 2006https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v084n007.p045Copyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views16Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (3 MB) SUBJECTS:Printed electronics Get e-Alerts
Death Effector Domain Protein PEA-15 Potentiates Ras Activation of Extracellular Signal Receptor-activated Kinase by an Adhesion-independent Mechanism (2000)

PEA-15 is a small, death effector-domain (DED)-containing protein that was recently demonstrated to inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis and to reverse the inhibition of integrin activation due to H-Ras. This led us to investigate the involvement of PEA-15 in Ras signaling. Surprisingly, PEA-15 activates the extracellular signal receptor-activated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in a Ras-dependent manner. PEA-15 expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells resulted in an increased mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase and ERK activity. Furthermore, PEA-15 expression leads to an increase in Ras guanosine 5'-triphosphate loading. PEA-15 bypasses the anchorage dependence of ERK activation. Finally, the effects of PEA-15 on integrin signaling are separate from those on ERK activation. Heretofore, all known DEDs functioned in the regulation of apoptosis. In contrast, the DED of PEA-15 is essential for its capacity to activate ERK. The ability of PEA-15 to simultaneously inhibit apoptosis and potentiate Ras-to-Erk signaling may be of importance for oncogenic processes.
Determination of lactulose and furosine in milk using front-face fluorescence spectroscopy (2002)

International audience
Enhanced Mechanical Properties of TiNi Shape Memory Fiber/Al Matrix Composite (1993)

A design concept of shape memory TiNi fiber reinforced/Al metal matrix composite (SM-MMC) was proposed. Mechanical tensile properties such as stiffness and yield strength, were improved by the strengthening mechanisms: back stress in the Al matrix induced by stiffness of TiNi fibers and the compressive stress in the matrix caused by shape memory shrinkage of TiNi fibers. Damping capacity of the composite was also increased. These results suggest that this composite with prestrain can be applicable and is suitable for machinery, especially engine components where the material becomes stronger at higher temperatures owing to the shape memory effect.
2-Azaadamant-1-ene and 4-azaprotoadamant-3-ene (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2-Azaadamant-1-ene and 4-azaprotoadamant-3-eneJuliusz G. Radziszewski, John W. Downing, Curt Wentrup, Piotr Kaszynski, Mikolaj Jawdosiuk, Peter Kovacic, and Josef MichlCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 25, 7996–7998Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00337a072https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00337a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views139Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Recording studies of sub-micron write heads by focused ion beam trimming (1997)

In this paper we discuss the performances of our current inductive write heads which have been processed using conventional lithography, then trimmed at the ABS using focused ion beam to submicron dimensions for very narrow track applications. We demonstrate that for pole-tips of submicron geometries, we are able to achieve adequate write performances. For a 10 turn FIB trimmed head of 0.85 micron final pole width, we achieve an erase width of 0.9 microns, 55% rolloff density at 5500 fc/mm, write threshold of 30 mA, and hard transition shift of 5 nm at write currents of 70 mA.
Different Effects of Volatile Anesthetics and Polyhalogenated Alkanes on Depolarization-Evoked Glutamate Release in Rat Cortical Brain Slices (1999)

The volatile anesthetics isoflurane and enflurane reduce depolarization-evoked glutamate release in rat brain slices. The transitional compound 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane reduces glutamate release to a much lesser extent, and the nonanesthetic 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane does not reduce glutamate release. These findings support the hypothesis that the modulation of excitatory neurotransmission might be responsible, in part, for in vivo anesthetic action.
Transient receptor potential activated brown fat thermogenesis as a target of food ingredients for obesity management (2013)

Human BAT recruited by prolonged ingestion of a vanilloid subtype one of TRP agonists increases energy expenditure and decreases body fat. In addition to capsinoids, there are numerous food ingredients acting as TRP agonists, which are expected to activate BAT and so be useful for the prevention of obesity in daily life.
Origami tessellation display (2014)

Origami Tessellation Display is an origami-based input/output device that has a flexible and unique deformable surface. This study primarily investigates possible interactions for an Origami-based deformable surface, using a user observation study. The authors found that its three-dimensional structure afforded deformable gestures and enabled a variety of interactions. An early-stage prototype with a map application is also implemented on the basis of the observed results. In addition to the basic map navigation gestures, the prototype demonstrates example usage of slits on the tessellated surface.
Low resolution character recognition by dual eigenspace and synthetic degraded patterns (2004)

As the rapid progress of digital imaging technology, the requirements of character recognition for text embedded in image increase dramatically. Many image text characters are in low resolution with heavy degradation. Traditional OCR methods don't have good recognition performance on these degraded images due to poor binarization. In this paper, a novel feature extraction method based on dual eigenspace and synthetic pattern generation is proposed to recognize character images under low resolution. A subpixel grayscale normalization method is first used to normalize the low resolution character images. The dual eigenspace performs classification from coarse to fine. The multi-templates generated from the synthetic patterns provide good robustness against real degradation. Experimental results indicate that our method is very effective on low resolution Japanese character images.
Quality-based Score Level Fusion in Multibiometric Systems (2006)

The quality of biometric samples has a significant impact on the accuracy of a matcher. Poor quality biometric samples often lead to incorrect matching results because the features extracted from these samples are not reliable. Therefore, dynamically assigning weights to the outputs of individual matchers based on the quality of the samples presented at the input of the matchers can improve the overall recognition performance of a multibiometric system. We propose a likelihood ratio-based fusion scheme that takes into account the quality of the biometric samples while combining the match scores provided by the matchers. Instead of estimating the quality of the template and query images individually, we estimate a single quality metric for each template-query pair based on the local image quality measures. Experiments on a database of 320 users with iris and fingerprint modalities demonstrate the advantages of utilizing the quality information in multibiometric systems.
Photoactivable Antibody Binding Protein: Site-Selective and Covalent Coupling of Antibody (2009)

Here we report new photoactivable antibody binding proteins, which site-selectively capture antibodies and form covalent conjugates with captured antibodies upon irradiation. The proteins allow the site-selective tagging and/or immobilization of antibodies with a highly preferred orientation and omit the need for prior antibody modifications. The minimal Fc-binding domain of protein G, a widely used antibody binding protein, was genetically and chemically engineered to contain a site-specific photo cross-linker, benzophenone. In addition, the domain was further mutated to have an enhanced Fc-targeting ability. This small engineered protein was successfully cross-linked only to the Fc region of the antibody without any nonspecific reactivity. SPR analysis indicated that antibodies can be site-selectively biotinylated through the present photoactivable protein. Furthermore, the system enabled light-induced covalent immobilization of antibodies directly on various solid surfaces, such as those of glass slides, gold chips, and small particles. Antibody coupling via photoactivable antibody binding proteins overcomes several limitations of conventional approaches, such as random chemical reactions or reversible protein binding, and offers a versatile tool for the field of immunosensors.
Development of Novel Antifungal Peptides Based on a Natural Model of Histatin-5 Peptide (2013)

Our research group is working toward the development of novel antifungal peptides based on a natural model of peptide histatin-5. Histatin-5 is found in human saliva and known to protect our body against oral infections by Candida species. Candidiasis, or an infection caused by Candida species, is considered one of the most medically important fungal infections worldwide. Blood stream infections caused by Candida species are the fourth leading cause of hospital-acquired fungal infections that is associated with high mortality rates and high costs of treatment. This study investigated the modes of action of histatin-5 with the use of one 16-mer derivative lacking eight amino acids from the N-terminus of the native histatin-5 and three enantio, retro and retroenantio 16-mer analogs. All four derivatives showed significant fungicidal activity with Candida albicans via mechanisms independent of SSA2p hypothesized to be the histatin-5 receptor on the plasma membrane of C. albicans. All four derivatives were shown to target artificial yeast phospholipid membranes and their killing activities involved the electron transport chain or respiration of the yeast cells. The data obtained from this study suggested the existence of a short five amino acid sequence within the 24-residue sequence of histatin-5 peptide that may have fungicidal properties. Several novel peptides were generated by the dimerization of the 5-mer amino acid sequence and these peptides were shown to have strong antifungal activities. In vitro assays were used to investigate potential toxicity of the new antifungal peptides to mammalian cells and these peptides were shown to be nontoxic to NIH3T3 murine fibroblasts and sheep red blood cells at concentrations up to 100 microM. The testing of acute toxicity and immunogenicity of some of these peptides in mice was also performed to obtain data on the in vivo tolerance of animals. The results of this work are presented in the following chapters of this dissertation.
Thermal decomposition of nitrous oxide (1959)

B. G. Reuben and J. W. Linnett, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1959, 55, 1543 DOI: 10.1039/TF9595501543
Impact of Azaproline on Amide Cis<i>−</i>Trans Isomerism:  Conformational Analyses and NMR Studies of Model Peptides Including TRH Analogues (2003)

The beta-turn is a well-studied motif in both proteins and peptides. Four residues, making almost a complete 180 degree-turn in the direction of the peptide chain, define the beta-turn. Several types of the beta-turn are defined according to Phi and Psi torsional angles of the backbone for residues i + 1 and i + 2. One special type of beta-turn, the type VI-turn, usually contains a proline with a cis-amide bond at residue i + 2. In an aza-amino acid, the alpha-carbon of the amino acid is changed to nitrogen. Peptides containing azaproline (azPro) have been shown to prefer the type VI beta-turn both in crystals and in organic solvents by NMR studies. MC/MD simulations using the GB/SA solvation model for water explored the conformational preferences of azPro-containing peptides in aqueous systems. An increase in the conformational preference for the cis-amide conformer of azPro was clearly seen, but the increased stability was relatively minor with respect to the trans-conformer as compared to previous suggestions. To test the validity of the calculations in view of the experimental data from crystal structures and NMR in organic solvents, [azPro(3)]-TRH and [Phe(2), azPro(3)]-TRH were synthesized, and their conformational preferences were determined by NMR in polar solvents as well as the impact of the azPro substitution on their biological activities.
Applications of closed-loop stepping motor control in multi-motor systems (1984)

Stepping motors, as digital machines, are commonly used in electromechanical systems since they can easily be interfaced to and controlled by computers. Electrical and mechanical interaction in multiple-motor systems, however, can lead to severe control problems, and in intelligent systems such as programmable XYtables, rotor position feedback from each machine is necessary to implement effective control algorithms.This paper describes new methods of detecting rotor position in stepping motors with chopper drives. By monitoring the motor phase current waveforms and detecting the chopping current rise-times, motor phase excitation angle may be varied continuously over a step cycle, and performance may be maximized.Two industrial applications are described: accurate trajectory control in an XY table, where close position coordination between two motors is necessary; and velocity control in a two-motor system where mechanical interaction creates a variable inertia load for one motor.
Effects of Skin Pigmentation on Pulse Oximeter Accuracy at Low Saturation (2005)

The three tested pulse oximeters overestimated arterial oxygen saturation during hypoxia in dark-skinned individuals.
Torsional magnetic reconnection at three dimensional null points: A phenomenological study (2010)

Magnetic reconnection around three dimensional (3D) magnetic null points is the natural progression from X-point reconnection in two dimensions. In 3D the separator field lines of the X-point are replaced with the spine line and fan plane (the field lines which asymptotically approach or recede from the null). In this work analytical models are developed for the newly classified torsional spine and torsional fan reconnection regimes by solving the steady state, kinematic, resistive magnetohydrodynamic equations. Reconnection is localized to around the null through the use of a localized field perturbation leading to a localized current while a constant resistivity is assumed. For the torsional spine case current is found to localize around the spine leading to a spiraling slippage of the field around the spine and out along the fan. For the torsional fan case current is found to be localized to the fan plane leading again to a spiraling slippage of the field. In each case no flux is transported across either the spine or the fan. An intermediate twist is then introduced and a link is established between the two regimes. We find that for a general twist plasma flows associated with both torsional spine and fan appear in distinct regions. As such we suggest that the “pure” flows of each are extreme cases.
Multi-Locus Selection and the Structure of Variation at the <i>white</i> Gene of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (1996)

We surveyed sequence variation and divergence for the entire 5972-bp transcriptional unit of the white gene in 15 lines of Drosophila melanogaster and one line of D. simulans. We found a very high degree of haplotypic structuring for the polymorphisms in the 3' half of the gene, as opposed to the polymorphisms in the 5' half. To determine the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for this pattern we sequenced a 1612-bp segment of the white gene from an additional 33 lines of D. melanogaster from a European and a North American population. This 1612-bp segment encompasses an 834-bp region of the white gene in which the polymorphisms form high frequency haplotypes that cannot be explained by a neutral equilibrium model of molecular evolution. The small number of recombinants in the 834-bp region suggests epistatic selection as the cause of the haplotypic structuring, while an investigation of nucleotide diversity supports a directional selection hypothesis. A multi-locus selection model that combines features from both hypotheses and takes the recent history of D. melanogaster into account may be the best explanation for these data.