gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adenosine and Inflammation (2007)

Adenosine is a potent physiologic mediator that is released by cells following such stresses as hypoxia and exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS). By binding to one or more of four known receptors, A1, A2A, A2B and A3 (all members of the family of G protein coupled receptors), adenosine suppresses inflammation and immunologic reactions. Here we review the expression and functional effects of these receptors on inflammatory cells and discuss the potential use of adenosine receptor agonists or agents that increase local adenosine concentrations in the treatment of inflammatory diseases or promotion of wound healing.
Massive MIMO Linear Precoding: A Survey (2017)

Recently, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system has attracted tremendous research interests in wireless communications. Among various performance aspects and design problems regarding massive MIMO, precoding at the base station (BS) is one of the most important function components to ensure reliable downlink transmission. This paper provides a survey of linear precoding techniques for downlink transmission under both single-cell (SC) and multicell (MC) scenarios. In an SC scenario, a series of classical precoding techniques are reviewed and compared. In an MC scenario, massive MIMO suffers from pilot contamination problems, where orthogonal pilot sequences have to be reused among cells, leading to estimation errors of channel state information at the transmitter. Precoding techniques with and without the cooperation among BSs are reviewed and the cooperative precoding techniques are further divided into partial and full cooperations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that comprehensively surveys all the existing linear precoding techniques. The comprehensive review reveals current challenges in designing the precoders, where technical merits are usually bounded by practical implementation issues. We show that a viable precoding technique for massive MIMO systems is still unknown to date, and suggest several research potentials that are worthy of future research efforts.
The Molecular Bacterial Load Assay Replaces Solid Culture for Measuring Early Bactericidal Response to Antituberculosis Treatment (2014)

We evaluated the use of the molecular bacterial load (MBL) assay, for measuring viable Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum, in comparison with solid agar and liquid culture. The MBL assay provides early information on the rate of decline in bacterial load and has technical advantages over culture in either form.
Field study of the impact of a desktop task/ambient conditioning system in office buildings (1998)

A field study was carried out to assess the impact of installing a desktop task/ambient conditioning (TAC) system at 42 selected workstations within three San Francisco office buildings occupied by a large financial institution. In this study, field measurements, including subjective surveys and physical monitoring, were performed both before and after the TAC system installation to evaluate the impact of the TAC system on occupant satisfaction and thermal comfort, as well as the thermal environments within the office buildings. For comparative purposes within each building, a control group, consisting of workers who did not receive a desktop TAC unit, was studied concurrently. During the follow-up field tests, performed three months after the TAC system installation, measurements were repeated under three different room temperature setpoint conditions (normal, set-up, and set-down) to investigate the ability of the occupants to use the desktop TAC units to control their local environment in response to a wider range of ambient temperatures.Survey results show that among the six building assessment categories investigated, installation of the desktop TAC system provided the largest increases in overall occupant satisfaction for thermal quality, acoustical quality, and air quality. In terms of specific environmental factors, increased occupant satisfaction levels among the TAC group were strongly significant in comparison to changes within the control group for both temperature and temperature control. A large majority of the workers in the control group indicated a preference for higher air movement at operative temperatures of 73°F (23°C) and above. The percentage preferring higher air movement within the TAC group was significantly lower. Workers in the TAC group had the ability to use their TAC units to adjust the air movement in their workstations in response to changes in the ambient temperature. Over the range of operative temperatures covered by this field study, air movement preference and thermal sensation votes by workers in the control group indicated that they were more than twice as sensitive to changes in temperature as those in the TAC group.
Contextually Supervised Source Separation with Application to Energy Disaggregation (2014)

We propose a new framework for single-channel source separation that liesbetween the fully supervised and unsupervised setting. Instead of supervision,we provide input features for each source signal and use convex methods toestimate the correlations between these features and the unobserved signaldecomposition. Contextually supervised source separation is a natural fit fordomains with large amounts of data but no explicit supervision; our motivatingapplication is energy disaggregation of hourly smart meter data (the separationof whole-home power signals into different energy uses). Here contextualsupervision allows us to provide itemized energy usage for thousands homes, a taskpreviously impossible due to the need for specialized data collection hardware.On smaller datasets which include labels, we demonstrate that contextualsupervision improves significantly over a reasonable baseline and existingunsupervised methods for source separation. Finally, we analyze the case of$\ell_2$ loss theoretically and show that recovery of the signal componentsdepends only on cross-correlation between features for different signals, not oncorrelations between features for the same signal.
Inclusion Compounds of Diol Hosts Featuring Two 9-Hydroxy-9-fluorenyl or Analogous Groups Attached to Linear Spacer Units (2002)

A series of new clathrate host molecules 1−15, each containing two 9-hydroxy-9-fluorenyl or analogous terminal groups attached to linear central units of different lengths and structural compositions, has been synthesized. Their crystalline inclusion compounds with a variety of organic guests − including amines, alcohols, ketones, and other dipolar aprotic compounds or aromatic hydrocarbons − are reported (229 examples of clathrates) and their properties are compared. The crystal structures of a free host compound and of six selected clathrates of different compound classes have been determined by X-ray diffraction, showing varied modes of supramolecular interaction.
Deep Learning for Health Informatics (2016)

With a massive influx of multimodality data, the role of data analytics in health informatics has grown rapidly in the last decade. This has also prompted increasing interests in the generation of analytical, data driven models based on machine learning in health informatics. Deep learning, a technique with its foundation in artificial neural networks, is emerging in recent years as a powerful tool for machine learning, promising to reshape the future of artificial intelligence. Rapid improvements in computational power, fast data storage, and parallelization have also contributed to the rapid uptake of the technology in addition to its predictive power and ability to generate automatically optimized high-level features and semantic interpretation from the input data. This article presents a comprehensive up-to-date review of research employing deep learning in health informatics, providing a critical analysis of the relative merit, and potential pitfalls of the technique as well as its future outlook. The paper mainly focuses on key applications of deep learning in the fields of translational bioinformatics, medical imaging, pervasive sensing, medical informatics, and public health.
A permutation-based page interleaving scheme to reduce row-buffer conflicts and exploit data locality (2002)

DRAM row-buffer conflicts occur when a sequence of requests on different rows goes to the same memory bank, causing much higher memory access latency than requests to the same row or to different banks. We analyze the sources of row-buffer conflicts in the context of superscalar processors, and propose a permutation based page interleaving scheme to reduce row-buffer conflicts and to exploit data access locality in the row-buffer. Compared with several existing schemes, we show that the permutation based scheme dramatically increases the hit rates on DRAM row-buffers and reduces memory stall time of the SPEC95 and TPC-C workloads. The memory stall times of the workloads are reduced up to 68% and 50%, compared with the conventional cache line and page interleaving schemes, respectively.
SMASH: One-Shot Model Architecture Search through HyperNetworks (2018)

Designing architectures for deep neural networks requires expert knowledge and substantial computation time. We propose a technique to accelerate architecture selection by learning an auxiliary HyperNet that generates the weights of a main model conditioned on that model's architecture. By comparing the relative validation performance of networks with HyperNet-generated weights, we can effectively search over a wide range of architectures at the cost of a single training run. To facilitate this search, we develop a flexible mechanism based on memory read-writes that allows us to define a wide range of network connectivity patterns, with ResNet, DenseNet, and FractalNet blocks as special cases. We validate our method (SMASH) on CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100, STL-10, ModelNet10, and Imagenet32x32, achieving competitive performance with similarly-sized hand-designed networks. Our code is available at this https URL
Resolution versus depth of focus in the resolution-enhanced optical system for lithography (1993)

Practical resolution of optical lithography is often defined as the minimum feature size which can be fabricated with acceptable depth of focus. It can be predicted by calculating diffraction image contrast in various defocused plane. However since large volume of calculation is required to know image contrast under partially coherent illumination, evaluation of optical lithography systems with regard to use of the practical resolution is time consuming and does not give us quick and clear forecast on optimum optical parameters for a given lithography specifications. In this paper, we propose an analytical and intuitive method for getting image contrast in defocused planes, by use of the theory of interference fringe formation. By using this method, relations among defocus, numerical aperture, wavelength, coherence factor and image contrast are derived analytically and these parameters can be optimized for given lithography methods, which employ not only the conventional but also various resolution-enhanced methods, such as annular illumination, phase-shift, illumination control and others.
Towards a scalable and interoperable global environmental sensor network using Service Oriented Architecture (2010)

Sensor networks are critical infrastructures for monitoring environmental variables, allowing evaluation of long-term trends and changes in the interaction of atmospheric, ecologic, and hydrologic processes. However, due to lack of coordination between large-scale environmental observation systems that have been set up around the globe, the wealth of information collected by sensor networks is not exploited to its full potential. Since there is no central organization tying these various systems together, data acquisition and dissemination methods are inconsistent and public accessibility to these observation systems is restricted to the methods chosen at the individual project level. The ability to easily discover, access, and interact with observational instruments and use real-time sensory data spread across different environmental observatories is limited. Interoperability of sensor network assets is essential to producing improved projections, models, analyses, and assessments at a global scale. To this end this paper presents the architectural design for a scalable, interoperable and real-time environmental sensor network. The proposed architectural design also provides support for dynamic reconfiguration of sensors in response to changing environmental conditions, and facilitates secure sensor access and delivery of observations to a distributed community of users using standardized mechanisms based on Open Geospatial Consortium standards. The outlined architecture uses an Event-Driven Service Oriented Architecture, with Enterprise Service Bus as its backbone messaging transport layer.
Stably folded de novo proteins from a designed combinatorial library (2003)

Binary patterning of polar and nonpolar amino acids has been used as the key design feature for constructing large combinatorial libraries of de novo proteins. Each position in a binary patterned sequence is designed explicitly to be either polar or nonpolar; however, the precise identities of these amino acids are varied extensively. The combinatorial underpinnings of the "binary code" strategy preclude explicit design of particular side chains at specified positions. Therefore, packing interactions cannot be specified a priori. To assess whether the binary code strategy can nonetheless produce well-folded de novo proteins, we constructed a second-generation library based upon a new structural scaffold designed to fold into 102-residue four-helix bundles. Characterization of five proteins chosen arbitrarily from this new library revealed that (1) all are alpha-helical and quite stable; (2) four of the five contain an abundance of tertiary interactions indicative of well-ordered structures; and (3) one protein forms a well-folded structure with native-like features. The proteins from this new 102-residue library are substantially more stable and dramatically more native-like than those from an earlier binary patterned library of 74-residue sequences. These findings demonstrate that chain length is a crucial determinant of structural order in libraries of de novo four-helix bundles. Moreover, these results show that the binary code strategy--if applied to an appropriately designed structural scaffold--can generate large collections of stably folded and/or native-like proteins.
In quest of cathode materials for Ca ion batteries: the CaMO<sub>3</sub> perovskites (M = Mo, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) (2016)

Basic electrochemical characteristics of CaMO3 perovskites (M = Mo, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) as cathode materials for Ca ion batteries are investigated using first principles calculations at the Density Functional Theory level (DFT). Calculations have been performed within the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) and GGA+U methodologies, and considering cubic and orthorhombic perovskite structures for CaxMO3 (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1). The analysis of the calculated voltage-composition profile and volume variations identifies CaMoO3 as the most promising perovskite compound. It combines good electronic conductivity, moderate crystal structure modifications, and activity in the 2-3 V region with several intermediate CaxMoO3 phases. However, we found too large barriers for Ca diffusion (around 2 eV) which are inherent to the perovskite structure. The CaMoO3 perovskite was synthesized, characterized and electrochemically tested, and results confirmed the predicted trends.
Linkage analysis of chromosome 2q in osteoarthritis (2000)

Chromosome 2q is likely to contain at least one susceptibility locus for OA.
Absence of All Components of the Flagellar Export and Synthesis Machinery Differentially Alters Virulence of<i>Salmonella enterica</i>Serovar Typhimurium in Models of Typhoid Fever, Survival in Macrophages, Tissue Culture Invasiveness, and Calf Enterocolitis (2001)

In this study, we constructed an flhD (the master flagellar regulator gene) mutant of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and compared the virulence of the strain to that of the wild-type strain in a series of assays that included the mouse model of typhoid fever, the mouse macrophage survival assay, an intestinal epithelial cell adherence and invasion assay, and the calf model of enterocolitis. We found that the flhD mutant was more virulent than its parent in the mouse and displayed slightly faster net growth between 4 and 24 h of infection in mouse macrophages. Conversely, the flhD mutant exhibited diminished invasiveness for human and mouse intestinal epithelial cells, as well as a reduced capacity to induce fluid secretion and evoke a polymorphonuclear leukocyte response in the calf ligated-loop assay. These findings, taken with the results from virulence assessment assays done on an fljB fliC mutant of serovar Typhimurium that does not produce flagellin but does synthesize the flagellar secretory apparatus, indicate that neither the presence of flagella (as previously reported) nor the synthesis of the flagellar export machinery are necessary for pathogenicity of the organism in the mouse. Conversely, the presence of flagella is required for the full invasive potential of the bacterium in tissue culture and for the influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the calf intestine, while the flagellar secretory components are also necessary for the induction of maximum fluid secretion in that enterocolitis model. A corollary to this conclusion is that, as has previously been surmised but not demonstrated in a comparative investigation of the same mutant strains, the mouse systemic infection and macrophage assays measure aspects of virulence different from those of the tissue culture invasion assay, and the latter is more predictive of findings in the calf enterocolitis model.
Treatment and control of porcine proliferative enteropathy using different tiamulin delivery methods (2001)

Objective: To determine the clinical and pathological effects when pigs infected with Lawsonia intracellularis and showing clinical signs of gastrointestinal disease are treated with tiamulin hydrogen fumarate (THF) administered in feed or water. Methods: All pigs in Study 1 (47 pigs) and Study 2 (48 pigs) were inoculated with a virulent pure culture of L intracellularis. After clinical signs became apparent, treated pigs were medicated for 28 days with THF administered in the feed at 35 g per ton (Study 1), or for 5 days with THF administered in the drinking water at 60 mg per liter (Study 2). Necropsies were performed on remaining control and treated pigs in Study 1 on Day 37 post-inoculation, and in Study 2 on Day 23 post-inoculation. Results: Medication in the feed or water significantly reduced development of gross and microscopic lesions, severity of clinical signs, and prevalence of fecal shedding of L intracellularis in treated pigs. Feed treatment with THF (2.0 mg per kg daily) had no effect on seroconversion, whereas water treatment (7.3 mg per kg daily) significantly reduced prevalence of seroconversion against L intracellularis. Implications: Tiamulin hydrogen fumarate in the feed (35 g per ton) or water (60 mg per liter) was effective in treating and controlling PPE. Timing of medication relative to time of infection with Lintracellularis may affect the immune response (seroconversion), fecal shedding, and development of lesions. Antibiotic dosage may also affect the immune response to L intracellularis infection, and may reduce fecal shedding, interfering with polymerase chain reaction tests for Lintracellularis.
Scalable efficient expansion of mesenchymal stem cells in xeno free media using commercially available reagents (2015)

These data support the implementation of human platelet lysate supplemented media as an alternative to xenogeneic containing preparations which may lead to safer MSC products with therapeutic uses.
A Resonant Half Bridge Dual Converter (2003)

The half bridge dual converter has been previously presented by the authors for applications in photovoltaic module integrated power converters (MIC). While this relatively new converter is potentially very suitable for converting high current low voltage supplies to higher voltage levels, it does require very low transformer leakage inductance when operated in a hard-switched mode. This paper presents a resonant form of this converter which can actively utilise the primary-secondary leakage inductance as well as the mosfet drain-source capacitance. Experimental results are presented for a 1MHz, 85W converter for a MIC application.
Une ou deux choses à propos de Baudrillard (2007)

Oublier Baudrillard ? Pourquoi devrions-nous oublier un art qui, malgré sa remarquable sérénité et même sa nonchalance ostensible, s'acharne à nous dire quelque chose sur notre condition, un art qui ne craint ni d'investiguer, ni de raconter les terribles paradoxes de l'existence contemporaine et de la civilisation contemporaine, un art qui, aussi rare que cela puisse être, peut engendrer le paradoxe ?
A bioluminescence imaging based in vivo model for preclinical testing of novel cellular immunotherapy strategies to improve the graft-versus-myeloma effect (2008)

Our results indicate that this new model allows convenient and sensitive real-time monitoring of cellular approaches for immunotherapy of multiple myeloma-like tumors with different immunogenicities. This model, therefore, allows comprehensive preclinical evaluation of novel combination therapies for multiple myeloma.
Crystal Structure and Reversible O<sub>2</sub>-Binding of a Room Temperature Stable μ-η<sup>2</sup>:η<sup>2</sup>-Peroxodicopper(II) Complex of a Sterically Hindered Hexapyridine Dinucleating Ligand (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTCrystal Structure and Reversible O2-Binding of a Room Temperature Stable μ-η2:η2-Peroxodicopper(II) Complex of a Sterically Hindered Hexapyridine Dinucleating LigandMasahito Kodera, Kou Katayama, Yoshimitsu Tachi, Koji Kano, Shun Hirota, Shuhei Fujinami, and Masatatu SuzukiView Author Information Department of Molecular Science and Technology Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan Department of Chemistry, Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 47, 11006–11007Publication Date (Web):November 11, 1999Publication History Received5 July 1999Published online11 November 1999Published inissue 1 December 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/ja992295qCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1318Altmetric-Citations132LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (57 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Chemical structure,Crystal structure,Ligands,Mathematical methods Get e-Alerts