gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Equalization for OFDM over doubly selective channels (2006)

In this paper, we propose a time-domain as well as a frequency-domain per-tone equalization for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) over doubly selective channels. We consider the most general case, where the channel delay spread is larger than the cyclic prefix (CP), which results in interblock interference (IBI). IBI in conjunction with the Doppler effect destroys the orthogonality between subcarriers and, hence, results in severe intercarrier interference (ICI). In this paper, we propose a time-varying finite-impulse-response (TV-FIR) time-domain equalizer (TEQ) to restore the orthogonality between subcarriers, and hence to eliminate ICI/IBI. Due to the fact that the TEQ optimizes the performance over all subcarriers in a joint fashion, it has a poor performance. An optimal frequency-domain per-tone equalizer (PTEQ) is then obtained by transferring the TEQ operation to the frequency domain. Through computer simulations, we demonstrate the performance of the proposed equalization techniques.
Purification and properties of 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase from <i>Penicillium patulum</i> (1992)

6-Methylsalicylic acid synthase has been isolated in homogeneous form from Penicillium patulum grown in liquid culture from a spore inoculum. The enzyme is highly susceptible to proteolytic degradation in vivo and in vitro, but may be stabilized during purification by incorporating proteinase inhibitors in the buffers. The enzyme exists as a homotetramer of M(r) 750,000, with a subunit M(r) of 180,000. 6-Methylsalicyclic acid synthase also accepts acetoacetyl-CoA as an alternative starter molecule to acetyl-CoA. The enzyme also catalyses the formation of small amounts of triacetic acid lactone as an oligatory by-product of the reaction. In the absence of NADPH, triacetic acid lactone is the exclusive enzymic product, being formed at 10% of the rate of 6-methylsalicylic acid. The enzyme is inactivated by 1,3-dibromopropan-2-one, leading to the formation of cross-linked dimers similar to that observed with type I fatty acid synthases. Acetyl-CoA protects the enzyme against the inactivation and inhibits dimer formation. An adaptation of the purification method for 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase may be used for the isolation of fatty acid sythase from Penicillium patulum.
Prostaglandin E2 induces IL‐23 production in bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells (2004)

Interleukin-23, a recently described cytokine produced by activated antigen-presenting cells, including dendritic cells, is a p19/p40 heterodimer. The p40 subunit is shared with IL-12, the major Th1-driving cytokine, while p19 is distantly related to IL-12 p35. IL-23 has pro-inflammatory actions, inducing IL-17 secretion from activated CD4+ T cells, and stimulating the proliferation of memory CD4+ T cells. Here, we examined the effects of PGE2, a well-known immunomodulator, on the production of IL-23 by bone marrow- derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs). Our results indicate that PGE2 increases the production of functional IL-23 from immature BM-DCs in a time- and dose-dependent manner. PGE2 induces both the expression of p19 and p40, without affecting p35 expression. The effect of PGE2 is mediated through the specific receptors EP2/4 and is mimicked by cAMP-inducing agents, such as forskolin and dbcAMP. Although PGE2 also induces IL-1beta and IL-6 expression in non-stimulated DCs, the stimulatory effect of PGE2 on IL-23 production is not mediated through IL-1beta or IL-6. GM-CSF, the pro-inflammatory cytokine required for the generation of BM-DCs, amplifies the IL-23 inducing activity of PGE2 in a synergistic manner. Recent studies described both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of PGE2, and our results suggest an additional mechanism for its pro-inflammatory role, particularly significant for autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis.
<b>Stabilizing the heterologously expressed uric acid-xanthine transporter UapA from the lower eukaryote<i>Aspergillus nidulans</i></b> (2012)

Despite detailed genetic and mutagenic analysis and a recent high-resolution structure of a bacterial member of the nucleobase-ascorbate transporter (NAT) family, understanding of the mechanism of action of eukaryotic NATs is limited. Preliminary studies successfully expressed and purified wild-type UapA to high homogeneity; however, the protein was extremely unstable, degrading almost completely after 48 h at 4°C. In an attempt to increase UapA stability we generated a number of single point mutants (E356D, E356Q, N409A, N409D, Q408E and G411V) previously shown to have reduced or no transport activity, but correct targeting to the membrane. The mutant UapA constructs expressed well as GFP fusions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and exhibited similar fluorescent size exclusion chromatography (FSEC) profiles to the wild-type protein, following solubilization in 1% DDM, LDAO or OM + 1 mM xanthine. In order to assess the relative stabilities of the mutants, solubilized fractions prepared in 1% DDM + 1 mM xanthine were heated at 45°C for 10 min prior to FSEC. The Q408E and G411V mutants gave markedly better profiles than either wild-type or the other mutants. Further FSEC analysis following solubilization of the mutants in 1% NG ± xanthine confirmed that G411V is more stable than the other mutants, but showed that Q408E is unstable under these conditions. G411V and an N-terminally truncated construct G411VΔ1-11 were submitted to large-scale expression and purification. Long-term stability analysis revealed that G411VΔ1-11 was the most stable construct and the most suited to downstream structural studies.
The Influence of Mixtures of Monodentate Achiral Ligands on the Regioselectivity of Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Hydroformylation (2005)

1+1≠2: The mixture of triphenylphosphine and phosphinine 1 with [Rh(acac)(CO)2] forms a hydroformylation catalyst that effects the preferential formation of the branched product, even though each ligand alone mediates the opposite regioselectivity. Similar effects were observed for a series of other ligand combinations.
Current-mode active compensation techniques (1990)

A general class of active compensation techniques based on current-mode analogue signal processing is described. These techniques are applicable to typical amplifier structures embedded in capacitive networks, such as operational amplifiers and integrators. A measure of the magnitude of the amplifier's capacitive embedment is shown to be directly related to an effective capacitance. This is significantly reduced by applying the proposed current-mode active compensation techniques, resulting in considerable improvement in amplifier speed, accuracy and bandwidth.
Stopped-flow nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStopped-flow nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyJohn Grimaldi, John Baldo, Cecil McMurray, and Brian D. SykesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 22, 7641–7645Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00777a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00777a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views166Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Designing the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) Handheld, Manpack, and Small form Fit (HMS) Radios for Interoperable Networking and Waveform Applications (2007)

The Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) Handheld, Manpack, Small Form Fit (HMS) radios are being developed for manned as well as unmanned and unattended platforms. Each platform that embeds a JTRS HMS set brings along its own concept of operation creating unique networking challenges in terms of achieving a seamless, interoperable, mobile, and adhoc communications architecture. To design and develop these radios within established schedule and cost objectives, the program must overcome a number of technical challenges. This paper will identify the driving requirements, outline the technical challenges, and propose optimal solutions that balance networking functionality and waveform interoperability while still meeting Size, Weight, Power, Cost, and Schedule objectives.
Comparison of two operative methods in the treatment of fracture of tibia (2010)

Objective To compare the clinical curative effect of intermedullary locking nails and internal fixation with steel plate on the tibial fracture and its experience. Methods One hundred and seventy-two cases of fractures of tibia treated with plate fixation and interlocking intramedullary nail respectively. Statistical analysis of time of callus formation, time of fracture union and complications were performed.Results Time of callus occurrence of the group of locked intramedullary nail and time of fracture concrescence shortened significantly, with lowest incidence rate of complicating diseased.Conclusions Intermedullary locking nail should be recommended to treated tibial fracture, for the advantages of easy reduction,minimal invasion and rapid recovery.

Key words: 
Tibial fractures ;  Locked intramedullary nail ;  Internal fixation with steel plate ;  Fracture fixation ;
Tumour angiogenesis (1983)

A variety of different factors has been implicated in inducing angiogenesis. Their identity and precise mechanisms of action remain elusive. The present treatise summarises the state of our knowledge not only in relation to tumour-induced capillary growth but also for non-neoplastic situations and mechanisms.
Über die Einwirkung von Carbonsäuren auf Nitrile (1968)

Abstract Carbonsäuren, RCO 2 H, können sich mit Nitrilen, R′CN, in dem Sinne umsetzen, daß RCN und R′CO 2 H entstehen. Voraussetzung für eine glatte Reaktion ist, daß der pK‐Wert von R′CO 2 H größer ist als der von RCO 2 H. Aus der Markierung des Nitrils mit 14 C ergibt sich, daß vermutlich das Nitril zunächst protoniert wird, dann werden NH und O ausgetauscht. Es tritt kein Austausch von CN‐ und CO 2 H‐Gruppe ein, wie früher vermutet wurde.
Hydroxylation of 5,5-diphenylhydantoin (phenytoin) by dog liver microsomes. (1977)

Chang and Glazko in 1972 had reported failure to demonstrate any production from 5-5-diphenylhydantoin (phenytoin, DPH) by dog liver microsomes of either 5-(m-hydroxyphenyl-5-phenylhydantoin (m-HPPH) or 5-(P-hydroxyphenyl-5-phenylhydantoin (p-HPPH), metabolites of DPH produced by the dog in vivo. We have incubated DPH with 9,000 X g supermatants of dog liver homogenates and with suspensions of separated microsomes with added NADPH generating system, Mg(2+), and nicotinamide and have demonstrated the production of both m-HPPH and p-HPPH. Both metabolities were detected by thin-layer chromatography of extracts of the incubation mixtures. Detection and roughly quantitative measurement of m-HPPH were also accomplished with gas chromatography.
Binding of microtubule-associated protein 2 and tau to the intermediate filament reassembled from neurofilament 70-kDa subunit protein. Its regulation by calmodulin. (1986)

Two major brain microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), MAP2 and tau, were found to bind to the intermediate filaments reassembled from neurofilament 70-kDa subunit protein (= 70-kDa filaments). The binding was saturable. The apparent dissociation constant (KD) for the binding of MAP2 to the 70-kDa filaments was estimated to be 4.8 X 10(-7) M, and the maximum binding reached 1 mol of MAP2/approximately 30 mol of 70-kDa protein. The apparent KD for the tau binding was 1.6 X 10(-6) M, and the maximum binding was 1 mol of tau/approximately 3 mol of 70-kDa protein. It was also found that MAP2 and tau did not compete with each other for binding to the 70-kDa filaments. Most interestingly, calmodulin, a ubiquitous Ca2+-binding protein in eukaryotic cells, was found to inhibit the binding of MAP2 and tau to the 70-kDa filaments. The inhibition by calmodulin was regulated by changes in Ca2+ concentration around 10(-6) M, and was canceled by trifluoperazine, a calmodulin inhibitor.
Microbial quality control of raw ground beef and fresh sausage in Casablanca (Morocco). (2008)

In this study, samples of raw ground beef (n = 150) and fresh sausage (n = 100) were collected randomly from butcheries, supermarkets, and fast-food shops, in Casablanca, Morocco. Two types of meat product samples were considered, one with spices (n = 115) and other without spices (n = 135). All the samples were analyzed for the presence of the following bacteria: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella, and Listeria monocytogenes. E. coli strains were further typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), Operon O, and characterized for virulence genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results indicated that counts of E. coli, coagulase-positive Staphylococcus, and C. perfringens were 17%, 9.6%, and 8.7% in samples without spices, respectively; and 23.5%, 23.7%, and 29.6% in samples with spices, respectively. Two pathogenic genes, LT and EAST, were identified separately in four strains of E. coli. Salmonella and L. monocytogenes were isolated in 2.8% and 3.2% of the total samples, respectively.
Self-assembled growth of catalyst-free GaN wires by metal–organic vapour phase epitaxy (2009)

A catalyst-free method for growing self-assembled GaN wires on c-plane sapphire substrates by metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy is developed. This approach, based on in situ deposition of a thin SiN(x) layer (approximately 2 nm), enables epitaxial growth of c-oriented wires with 200-1500 nm diameters and a large length/diameter ratio (>100) on c-plane sapphire substrate. Detailed study of the growth mechanisms shows that a combination of key parameters is necessary to obtain vertical growth. In particular, the duration of the SiN(x) deposition prior to the wire growth is critical for controlling the epitaxy with the substrate. The GaN seed nucleation time determines the mean size diameter and structural quality, and a high Si-dopant concentration promotes vertical growth. Such GaN wires exhibit UV-light emission centred at approximately 350 nm and a weak yellow band (approximately 550 nm) at low temperature.
An Automated Method for Urine Creatinine Which Does Not Require a Dialyzer Module (1965)

Abstract A method for the determination of urine creatinine is presented which is relatively simple and completely automated. It is based on the Jaffeacute; reaction and differs from others in that the dialyzer module is not required. The instrument used is the Technicon AutoAnalyzer. The automated procedure is described in detail, and data are presented to show that it has excellent reproducibility.
Boron redistribution in doping superlattices grown by silicon molecular beam epitaxy using B2O3 (1988)

Coevaporation of B2O3 during silicon molecular beam epitaxy has been used to prepare heavily doped superlattices (pipi’s). Full activation up to 3×1020 cm−3 (100 times the solid solubility limit) was obtained at growth temperatures below 700 °C. Significant boron redistribution has been observed into the undoped layers when the dopant level in the intentionally doped layers exceeds the solid solubility limit and the growth temperature is greater than 700 °C. Oxygen was not incorporated into the lattice for growth temperatures above 700 °C when using B2O3 as the source of boron, a Si growth rate for 0.5 nm s−1, and a B2O3 arrival rate of ∼2×1013 cm−2 s−1.
Diagnosis of Pleural & Lung Diseases using Sonography (2016)

Sonography has been proved to be valuable for the evaluation of a wide variety of chest diseases, particularly when the pleural cavity is involved. The advantages of Sonography are that it is a relatively inexpensive, widely available, mobile form of multi-planar imaging free from ionizing.The 30 patients who had visited the Out-Patient Department (OPD) and in-patient department (IPD) of a hospital in North India were considered in the study. All patients were undergone radiologically then as per the requirements the skiagram were taken.Various biochemical and histopathological tests were done wherever required. After this, the patients were examined by ultrasound and areas to be examined were selected on the basis of information available from skiagrams.The data from the Radiography and the sonography showed that the Radiological results are better than detected in the Sonography. Keywords: Pleural & Lung Diseases, Sonography, Radiograph etc.
Phosphorylation and cytotoxicity of therapeutic nucleoside analogues: a comparison of alpha and gamma herpesvirus thymidine kinase suicide genes. (1998)

Thymidine kinase (TK) genes from three alpha-herpesviruses (i.e., human herpes simplex type 1, varicella-zoster virus, equid herpesvirus 4) and two y-herpesviruses (i.e., Epstein-Barr virus and Saimiri herpesvirus 2) were cloned in expression vectors based on zeocin resistance by complementation of a TK-defective Escherichia coli strain. In vivo complementation of an appropriate yeast strain and in vitro enzymatic measurements demonstrated that all viral TKs possess a second phosphorylating activity corresponding to the thymidylate kinase function in contrast to the E coli TK, which is deprived of this activity. When expressed in an engineered E coli strain rendered resistant to purine and pyrimidine nucleoside analogs, the viral TKs sensitize host bacteria to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT), 3'-deoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine (D4T), dideoxyinosine, or fluorodeoxyuridine (5-FUdR). The extent of activation of all these analogs, in this bacterial assay, was found to be greatly superior for the two gamma-virus TKs, compared to the alpha-virus TKs, including the reference suicide gene, HSV1-TK. TK from the two gamma-Epstein-Barr and Saimiri 2 viruses were also found to be more efficient in sensitizing murine melanoma B16 tumor cells to pyrimide nucleoside analogs.
Indefinite-horizon POMDPs with action-based termination (2007)

For decision-theoretic planning problems with an indefinite horizon, plan execution terminates after a finite number of steps with probability one, but the number of steps until termination (i.e., the horizon) is uncertain and unbounded. In the traditional approach to modeling such problems, called a stochastic shortest-path problem, plan execution terminates when a particular state is reached, typically a goal state. We consider a model in which plan execution terminates when a stopping action is taken. We show that an action-based model of termination has several advantages for partially observable planning problems. It does not require a goal state to be fully observable; it does not require achievement of a goal state to be guaranteed; and it allows a proper policy to be found more easily. This framework allows many partially observable planning problems to be modeled in a more realistic way that does not require an artificial discount factor.
Active gate driver for SiC MOSFET based PV inverter with enhanced operating range (2018)

For photo-voltaic (PV) inverter applications, the grid code mandates reactive power support to the grid, and the amount of reactive power injection may be limited by the voltage overshoot during the switching transients. For SiC-MOSFET based PV inverters this problem is more pronounced since the voltage and current gradient during switching transitions are much higher than a Si-based power devices. During a gloomy day when the inverter has to operate at PV panel's open circuit voltage, it becomes harder to push higher currents through the device but also keeping the device within its SOA and low the switching loss at all operating conditions. Slowing down the switching transient could be a remedy but this also increases the converter switching loss. This paper demonstrates an application of dynamic gate resistance modulation technique to keep the SiC-device inside its safe operating area (SOA) while maintaining a low switching loss with minimum voltage and current overshoots. The proposed implementation is verified with hardware test results at high junction temperatures (up to 150°C).
The Interaction of Wood Preservatives with Lignocellulosic Substrates. I. Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (1991)

On etudie l'adsorption du chlorure de didecyldimethylammonium sur la cellulose, la lignine et la poudre de bois de pin. On examine l'effet du pH de la solution et on discute des mecanismes de l'adsorption.
Recent Advances in the Catalytic Oxidation of Alcohols with 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) and Its Application to Organic Synthesis. (1993)

Recent advances in the oxidation reaction of alcohols by use of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) , and scope and limitations as well as characteristic feature of the method are surveyed. Emphasis is placed on the catalytic process by the aid of co-oxidants. Useful applications of this oxidation method to syntheses of various bioactive compounds and functionalized molecules are shown. Primary alcohols are oxidized to aldehdyes and to carboxylic acids, selectively. Secondary alcohols, more slowly than primary , can be oxidized to ketones in a slightly basic biphase solution.
A novel cross-carrier scheduling method in carrier aggregation (2013)

Long Term Evolution (LTE) of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access and Radio Access Network is a Fourth Generation (4G) wireless broadband technology which is capable of delivering high data transmission rates and low latency with reduced costs, among other promises. Carrier Aggregation (CA) is employed to improve the capacity of the cell. Regarding scheduling there are two main alternatives for CA, either resources are scheduled on the same carrier as the grant is received, or cross-carrier scheduling may be used. A key research topic is to design efficient and reliable Physical Downlink Control Channels (PDCCHs) that carry the downlink scheduling assignments and uplink scheduling grants. In Release11, the New Carrier Type characterized by no PDCCH was put forward which has to rely on the cross-carrier scheduling. However with the increase in carriers, CA-based HetNet with cross-carrier scheduling, in which case the PDCCH capacity might become a limiting factor. At the same time, the UE complexity for blind decoding is much higher than before. To solve the problems a novel cross-carrier scheduling method is proposed in this paper to reduce the PDCCH capacity blocking probability and UE complexity.