gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lessons learned from SUIT, the simple user interface toolkit (1992)

In recent years, the computer science community has realized the advantages of GUIs (Graphical User Interfaces). Because high-quality GUIs are difficult to build, support tools such as UIMSs, UI Toolkits, and Interface Builders have been developed. Although these tools are powerful, they typically make two assumptions: first, that the programmer has some familiarity with the GUI model, and second, that he is willing to invest several weeks becoming proficient with the tool. These tools typically operate only on specific platforms, such as DOS, the Macintosh, or UNIX/X-windows. The existing tools are beyond the reach of most undergraduate computer science majors, or professional programmers who wish to quickly build GUIs without investing the time to become specialists in GUI design. For this class of users, we developed SUIT , the S imple U ser I interface T oolkit. SUIT is an attempt to distill the fundamental components of an interface builder and GUI toolkit, and to explain those concepts with the tool itself, all in a short period of time. We have measured that college juniors with no previous GUI programming experience can use SUIT productively after less than three hours. SUIT is a C subroutine library which provides an external control UIMS, an interactive layout editor, and a set of standard “widgets,” such as sliders, buttons, and check boxes. SUIT-based applications run transparently across the Macintosh, DOS, and UNIX/X platforms. SUIT has been exported to hundreds of external sites on the internet. This paper describes SUIT's architecture, the design decisions we made during its development, and the lessons we learned from extensive observations of over 120 users.
The evaluation of haemodynamic of cirrhosis patient with spectral CT (2012)

Poster: ECR 2013 / C-0339 / The evaluation of haemodynamic of cirrhosis patient with spectral CT by: L. ZHAO, W. He, B. Yan; Beijing/CN
Role of maturation cleavage in infectivity of picornaviruses: activation of an infectosome (1993)

Maturation of picornaviruses involves assembly of a "provirion," which undergoes an autocatalytic cleavage of VP0 to VP2 plus VP4. RNA transcripts from a cDNA clone of human rhinovirus 14 mutated at asparagine 68, one of the residues in the maturation cleavage site, generated normal yields of 150S particles which were noninfectious in the plaque assay because they were unable to initiate a second cycle of infection. These cleavage-defective provirions were otherwise indistinguishable from mature virions in sedimentation coefficient, binding affinity to monoclonal antibodies against neutralization sites IA, II, and III, attachment to HeLa cell receptors, and rate of cell-mediated conformational changes to form 125S A-particles and 80S empty capsids. These results suggest that maturation cleavage is required for the function of a previously undescribed intermediate which transfers packaged RNA across the membrane and into the cytosol. For this hypothetical intermediate, we propose the name infectosome. Since the native virus has a particle/PFU ratio of about 800, such an intermediate will be difficult to find. Mutations at serine 10 in VP2 reduced maturation cleavage to a rate sufficiently slow to show that the infectivity of virus particles increased with the degree of cleavage of VP0 to VP4 and VP2. This article describes the first characterization of a pure form of a picornaviral provirion, and hence the first direct evidence that provirions of picornaviruses lack infectivity.
Vehicle Modeling And Control For Automated Highway Systems (1993)

This report summarizes recent work done in the area of longitudinal control of a platoon of autonomous vehicles. As a prerequisite to controller design, a twelve state nonlinear model including an internal combustion engine, engine transmission dynamics, and tire friction characteristics has been developed. Two simplified models for simulation and controller design are presented. After outlining the control problem, two platooning strategies, based on spacing or headway criterion, are proposed. To solve the control requirements, decentralized nonlinear control strategies using throttle angle and brake torque control for a platoon were developed using a modification of the technique of Sliding Control and Input-Output Linearization. The quantities of primary concern are position and velocity tracking errors. Simulation results on multiple vehicle platoons demonstrate excellent tracking using the spacing-based controllers. The control strategies were implemented experimentally on the Integrated Platoon Control System (IPCS) during two and four car platoon testing.
Non‐absorbable antibiotics for managing intestinal gas production and gas‐related symptoms (2000)

In patients with gas-related symptoms the colonic production of H2 is increased. Rifaximin significantly reduces this production and the excessive number of flatus episodes.
Danqi Piantan Jiaonang Does Not Modify Hemostasis, Hematology, and Biochemistry in Normal Subjects and Stroke Patients (2008)

DPJ does not significantly modify hematological, hemostatic, and biochemical parameters in normal subjects and stroke patients.
Design and Validation of a Carbon-Fiber Collapsible Hinge for Space Applications: A Deployable Boom (2015)

This work presents an analysis and validation of a foldable boom actuated by tape-spring foldable elastic hinges for space applications. The analytical equations of tape-springs are described, extending the classical equations for isotropic materials to orthotropic carbon-fiber composite materials. The analytical equations which describe the buckling of the hinge have been implemented in a multibody simulation software where the hinge was modeled as a nonlinear elastic bushing and the boom as a rigid body. In the experimental phase, the boom was fabricated using a thin layer carbon-fiber composite tube, and the residual vibrations after deployment were experimentally tested with a triaxial accelerometer. A direct comparison of the simulation with the physical prototype pointed out the dangerous effect of higher order vibrations which are difficult to capture in simulation. We observed that while the vibrational spectra of simulations and experiments were compatible at low frequencies during deployment, a marked difference was observed at frequencies beyond 30 Hz. While difficult to model, higher order frequencies should be carefully accounted for in the design of self-deployable space structures. Indeed, if tape-springs are used as a self-locking mechanism, the higher vibrational modes could have enough energy to unlock the structure during operation.
The Incidence of Spontaneous Neoplasia in Two Populations of Captive Rhesus Macaques ( <i>Macaca mulatta</i> ) (2010)

Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) are genetically similar to humans and share many characteristics of aging and age-related diseases. They age at approximately three times the rate of humans and develop spontaneous cancers. In both humans and rhesus macaques, cancer incidence increases with age with the greatest incidence in those over 60 years of age and 20 years, respectively. The current survey reports on the incidence of spontaneous neoplasia in two colonies of captive rhesus macaques: the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center colony with 28 years of records and a National Institute on Aging colony with 21 years of records. When categorized by organ and histologic diagnosis, the average age at diagnosis was greater than 20 years for all categories except oral squamous cell carcinoma. Neoplasms of the gastrointestinal system were the most commonly diagnosed, accounting for 48.8% of the cases. Adenocarcinomas of the large intestine were the most prevalent tumor identified. Although there are differences in the biological behavior of cancer in the rhesus macaque when compared with humans, they are a valuable model of comparative oncology.
The effect of polysilicon impurities on minority carrier lifetime in Cz silicon crystals (2002)

Experiments were performed to reduce the surface metals content on polycrystalline silicon. Results were monitored by chemical analysis and neutron activation analysis of the surface metals content and by measurement of minority carrier lifetime values of Czochralski-grown (Cz) silicon ingots. A reduction in the surface metals content from the 20-200 ppbw range to less than 10 ppbw was observed. This corresponded to an increase in minority carrier lifetime from 200-750 mu s to 2000-10000 mu s in Cz ingots grown from this polycrystalline silicon.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Status of miscible displacement (1982)

This paper reviews the technical state of the art and field behavior to date for the major miscible flood processes: first-contact miscible, rich-gas drive, vaporizing-gas drive, and carbon dioxide flooding. Important technological areas selected for reviews include phase behavior and miscibility, sweepout, unit displacements efficiency, and process design variations. Carbon dioxide flood technology is emphasized, and several technical issues are identified that still need to be resolved. Rules of thumb and ranges of conditions are discussed for applicability of each process. A comparision is made of the incremental recovery and solvent slug effectiveness observed in fields trials of the different processes. 116 refs.
Production of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) N‐A3 domain in <i>Pichia pastoris</i> by fermentation (1999)

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a 180-kDa glycoprotein found on the surface of normal colon and malignant human adenocarcinomas. Recently, a fusion protein containing two of the seven Ig-like domains present in CEA (N and A3) has been constructed and expressed in Pichia pastoris [You, Hefta, Yazaki, Wu and Shively (1998) Anticancer Res. 18, 3193-3201]. Here, we report the generation and selection of a multi-copy clone expressing this fusion protein, the optimization of the shake-flask expression protocol and the upscaled production of CEA N-A3 using fermentation technology. P. pastoris transformants secreting the CEA N-A3 domain were generated by electrotransformation of the GS115 host strain with the pPIC9K vector containing the CEA N-A3 cDNA [You, Hefta, Yazaki, Wu and Shively (1998) Anticancer Res. 18, 3193-3201] then screened for CEA N-A3 expression and G418 resistance. The recombinant CEA N-A3 domain was detected in the culture supernatant using the monoclonal anti-CEA antibody T84.66. Optimization of methanol-induction conditions resulted in a high-methanol shake-flask expression protocol yielding significantly increased CEA N-A3 levels. Fermentation and culture conditions were optimized for 5-l working-volume fermentations and CEA N-A3 was affinity purified using Ni-IDA (imino di-acetic acid) affinity chromatography from the clarified fermentation supernatant. Peptide N-glycosidase F treatment revealed that the recombinant protein was heavily glycosylated but expressed as a single polypeptide of 28 kDa with no evidence of proteolytic degradation. Our results demonstrate that functional CEA N-A3 domain can be produced in sufficient quantities in P. pastoris for structural analysis or diagnostic applications. To our knowledge, this article represents the first report on the production of a human tumour antigen through fermentation.
A Formal Framework to Optimise Component Dependency Resolution (2010)

Dependency resolution (DR) uses a component's explicitly declared requirements to calculate systems where all dependencies are satisfied. There can be many configurations to choose from when resolving dependencies. DR should aim to identify and return an optimal component configuration. This becomes a significant challenge when diverse and sometimes conflicting criteria such as user preferences, contextual constraints and functional requirements must be considered. In this paper we present a framework in which to represent and compose such criteria. This is achieved by defining criteria as ranking systems over complete lattices and composing them in different ways. We present a depth first branch and bound algorithm for this framework, and an example problem that demonstrates the frameworks application. The presented framework will enable the formal definition and composition of criteria to optimise dependency resolution.
Contribution of Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells c1 to the Transcriptional Control of Immunoreceptor Osteoclast-associated Receptor but Not Triggering Receptor Expressed by Myeloid Cells-2 during Osteoclastogenesis (2005)

Bone homeostasis depends on the coordination of osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation. Receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) induces osteoclast differentiation through activating a transcriptional program mediated by the key transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) c1. Immunoreceptors, including osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) and triggering receptor expressed by myeloid cells (TREM)-2, constitute the co-stimulatory signals required for RANKL-mediated activation of calcium signaling, which leads to the activation of NFATc1. However, it remains unknown whether the expression of immunoreceptors are under the control of NFATc1. Here we demonstrate that the expression of OSCAR, but not that of TREM-2, is up-regulated during osteoclastogenesis and markedly suppressed by the calcineurin inhibitor FK506, suggesting that OSCAR is transcriptionally regulated by NFATc1. NFATc1 expression results in the activation of the OSCAR promoter, which was found to be further enhanced by co-expression of PU.1 and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). We further provide evidence that NFATc1 specifically regulates OSCAR by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and quantification of OSCAR and TREM-2 mRNA in NFATc1-/- cells. Thus, OSCAR but not TREM-2 is involved in the positive feedback loop of the immunoreceptor-NFATc1 pathway during osteoclastogenesis. Although several immunoreceptors have been identified as co-stimulatory molecules for RANKL, the expression and function are differentially regulated. These mechanisms, possibly together with the delicate regulation of their ligands on osteoblasts, may provide the exquisite machinery for the modulation of osteoclastogenesis in the maintenance of bone homeostasis.
Enabling the use of ion implantation for ultra-thin FDSOI n-MOSFETs (2012)

For the first time, we extensively review to which extent ion implantation is viable for the design of n-FET transistors with gate length down to 20nm in a FDSOI technology. Three implantation schemes are covered and their potential and limitations are presented in terms of technological challenges and electrical performance.
The wry side of the counter: Making assumptions (2012)

It was like the Great Divide: the shelf between the dispensary bench and the shop floor. The shop staff was all black tunics and black jerkins, we were all white coats...two groups with an unspoken, necessary alliance.
Educational relations of Geneva and England in the eighteenth century (1967)

rom the time when John Knox visited Geneva and England, connections of the Genevan University or Academy with England were very close. Not only did English Puritans go to Geneva to study Calvinism at its source in the faculty of theology, but many Englishmen, non-Puritans, attended scientific branches as non-matriculated private students. Geneva University or Academy was fortunate in possessing a great number of professors with international reputations. Their influence on English education was both direct, through personal contacts, and indirect through reading Genevan works. The influence of the rector of Geneva, De Crousaz, can be detected in John Clarke's publications. Clarke was a pioneer of reform and a headmaster in Newcastle in the middle of the eighteenth century. Many professors from Geneva were attracted to London by the works of Locke and Newton. One of the earliest was Firmin Abauzit in 1679, whom William III even invited to stay and offered him a post; but Abauzit returned to Geneva as City Librarian, to reform the library. Such wellknown men as Burlamachi, Calandrini and Trembley all completed their scientific and mathematical knowledge in England. Trembley even tutored the sons of Henry Earl Bentinck and the Duke of Richmond. In this direct way the views of Locke and Newton penetrated into Geneva and helped the Genevan professors to emancipate their University (Academy) from rigid Calvinism. The English opinions on freedom of conscience were strengthened by the introduction of freemasonry from England. It came also through Holland, where many English and Swiss students attended the lectures on anatomy and biology of H. Boerhaave at Leyden University. The influence was mutual, but at the end of the eighteenth century the role of French-Swiss predominated. The first masonic lodge in Geneva, founded in 1736 by Sir John Hamilton, included both English and French-Swiss members. Geneva and Lausanne had, besides professors of the two academies, many members from merchant and artisan groups. When Church circles looked up with suspicion on masonry and accused it of atheism, the Calvinist authorities decided to appoint a commission, and the University, prompted by them, appointed two professors to investigate the matter. The two professors, the lawyer, T. B. Burlamachi and the mathematician G. Cramer were probably themselves masons. They reported favourably, and for a time free263
Non-Faradaic electrochemical modification of catalytic activity (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNon-Faradaic electrochemical modification of catalytic activityC. G. Vayenas, S. Bebelis, and S. NeophytidesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 18, 5083–5085Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/j100329a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1263Altmetric-Citations154LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (360 KB) Get e-Alerts
Optimal integration of mobile battery energy storage in distribution system with renewables (2015)

An optimal sizing method is proposed in this paper for mobile battery energy storage system (MBESS) in the distribution system with renewables. The optimization is formulated as a bi-objective problem, considering the reliability improvement and energy transaction saving, simultaneously. To evaluate the reliability of distribution system with MBESS and intermittent generation sources, a new framework is proposed, which is based on zone partition and identification of circuit minimal tie sets. Both analytic and simulation methods for reliability assessment are presented and compared in the framework. Case studies on a modified IEEE benchmark system have verified the performance of the proposed approach.
In Vivo Gene Transfer of Prepro-Calcitonin Gene–Related Peptide to the Lung Attenuates Chronic Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in the Mouse (2000)

In vivo CGRP lung gene transfer attenuates the increase in PVR and RVM, pulmonary vascular remodeling, and pressor responses in chronically hypoxic mice, suggesting that CGRP gene transfer alone and with a cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor may be useful for the treatment of pulmonary hypertensive disorders.
Surfactant‐enhanced foliar uptake of some organic compounds: Interactions with two model polyoxyethylene aliphatic alcohols (1992)

Abstract Interactions occurring during the surfactant‐enhanced foliar uptake of seven model organic compounds were examined using two homogeneous surfactants, hexaethylene glycol monotridecyl ether (C13E6) and hexadecaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E16). Surfactant–compound and compound–surfactant interactions were detected by measurement of their relative uptake rates following application of c. 0·2 μl droplets of the corresponding radiolabelled formulations. The magnitude of surfactant–compound interaction was found to vary according to the physicochemical properties of both the compound and the surfactant, and was influenced by surfactant concentration and target plant species. Interactive and non‐interactive mechanisms, both leading to substantial enhancement of compound uptake, could be identified, but their precise nature could not be elucidated. Although penetration of C13E6 into the site of application appeared to be essential in order to activate the uptake of a compound, substantial absorption of C12E16 was not always required to produce the same effect. The results are discussed in the light of possible sites and modes of action for activator polyoxyethylene surfactant adjuvants.
Carbon isotopic characterization for the origin of excess methane in subsurface seawater (2008)

We collected samples of seawater, zooplankton, and sinking particles in the northwestern North Pacific to determine the source of excess CH 4 over the saturation value in equilibrium with the atmospheric CH 4 in the oxygenated open ocean, using stable carbon isotope as a tracer. We found that subsurface (∼100 m depth) seawater is supersaturated (up to 12%) with 13 C‐enriched CH 4 (up to −33.1‰) relative to surface seawater in equilibrium with the atmosphere (−47‰), suggesting that in situ addition of 13 C‐enriched CH 4 must be responsible for CH 4 enrichment at depth. The δ 13 C of CH 4 emitted from sinking particles (from −36.7 ± 1.2‰ to +5.9 ± 7.5‰) is within the range of that of excess CH 4 in seawater, suggesting that the major source of subsurface excess CH 4 is sinking particles. The unusually 13 C‐enriched δ 13 C composition of CH 4 emitted from sinking particles suggests that active microbial CH 4 oxidation occurs within the oxic/anoxic boundary of these particles. On the basis of the Rayleigh equation, we estimated that at least 62% of CH 4 produced within the anoxic center of sinking particles is oxidized within 100 m of the surface.