gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Model for hydrodynamic thickness of thin polymer layers at solid/liquid interfaces (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModel for hydrodynamic thickness of thin polymer layers at solid/liquid interfacesJohn L. Anderson, Paul F. McKenzie, and Richard M. WebberCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 1, 162–166Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00049a029https://doi.org/10.1021/la00049a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views139Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Aeronautics and Energetics (2010)

Following the basic classification of aircraft to aerostats and aerodynes, two types of platforms are currently proposed for high altitude platforms (HAPs), the lighter than air airship and the fixed wing flying plane (or aircraft). One of the basic requirements for HAPs concerns the capability of uninterrupted provision of communication services on the timescale of weeks or months which includes station keeping above the targeted coverage area as well as operation of communications payload. This requirement clearly has a crucial impact on the design of the power subsystem as well as on the overall operation of the HAP system. In terms of flight and attitude control it is necessary to distinguish between the two basic types of aerial vehicles used, the aircraft and the airship, although both are characterised by relatively loose station keeping. Controlled Vocabulary Terms aircraft antennas; telecommunication services
In vivo imaging of microglial activation with [<sup>11</sup>C](<i>R</i>)‐PK11195 PET in corticobasal degeneration (2004)

Corticobasal degeneration (CBD) is a neurodegenerative parkinsonian disorder of unknown cause that shows considerable clinical heterogeneity. In CBD, activated microglia have been shown to be associated closely with the extensive tau pathology found in the affected basal ganglia, brainstem nuclei, and cortical regions. We report on the use of [(11)C](R)-(1-[2-chlorophenyl]-N-methyl-N-[1-methylpropyl]-3-isoquinoline carboxamide) (PK11195) positron emission tomography (PET), a marker of peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites (PBBS) that are expressed by activated microglia, to demonstrate in vivo the degree and distribution of glial response to the degenerative process in 4 patients with CBD. Compared with normal age-matched controls, the CBD patient group showed significantly increased mean [(11)C](R)-PK11195 binding in the caudate nucleus, putamen, substantia nigra, pons, pre- and postcentral gyrus, and the frontal lobe. [11C](R)-PK11195 PET reveals a pattern of increased microglial activation in CBD patients involving cortical regions and the basal ganglia that corresponds well with the known distribution of neuropathological changes, which may therefore help to characterize in vivo the underlying disease activity in CBD.
Thermoplastic Elastomer Monolayers Grafted to a Functionalized Silicon Surface (2000)

We fabricated a robust ultrathin film of a triblock copolymer, poly[styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene] (SEBS), functionalized with 2% of maleic anhydride by melt/solution grafting to a chemically reactive silicon surface. We used epoxy-terminated self-assembling monolayers to functionalize silicon surface. The thickness of grafted block polymer, t, was varied from 1.35 to 9.1 nm to test the limits of stability of microphase-separated structures of the triblock copolymer tethered under confined conditions. Accordingly, the ratio t/d was changed from 0.05 to 0.33, where d is the interdomain spacing. The contact angle measurements demonstrated that the surface of the complete block copolymer films was totally occupied by poly[ethylene-co-butene] (PEB) chains. When the SEBS film thickness reached 8.4 nm, the film possessed the well-defined microphase structure of the typical thermoplastic elastomer material, where PS phase formed the microdomain network that reinforced the elastomeric matrix. The microphase separation was completely suppressed only for ultrathin films with t/d < 0.08. We found that tethered block copolymer monolayers were extremely stable and preserved their microdomain structure at elevated temperatures unlike physically adsorbed films that dewetted under similar conditions.
Comparison of GIDL in p/sup +/-poly PMOS and n/sup +/-poly PMOS devices (1996)

Gate-induced-drain-leakage (GIDL) in LDD p-MOSFETs has been studied. The emphasis of this paper is on the comparison of GIDL in p/sup +/-poly PMOS versus n/sup +/-poly PMOS devices. Measurements show that the GIDL is less severe in p/sup +/-poly devices. Clarification for modeling GIDL in devices with different drain structures is also provided.
Cutaneous side effects of inhibitors of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signalling pathway and their management (2012)

Mutations in genes encoding for proteins along the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway have been detected in a variety of tumor entities, including malignant melanoma, thyroid, colonic and ovarian carcinomas, and some sarcomas. Thus, a number of inhibitors of this pathway have been developed, whose antitumor potential is currently being assessed in different clinical trials. Up to now one drug of this category (vemurafenib) has been approved by the FDA and the European Commission for late-stage melanoma. Although these new targeted anticancer therapies are generally considered to be safe and well tolerated, certain toxicities have been attributed to them, with cutaneous side effects being perhaps the most frequent amongst them. Based on results of clinical trials and on case series, a distinct profile of cutaneous toxicity has been observed, which is similar to that of EGFR and multikinase inhibitors. As exanthema, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, hyperkeratosis, xerosis, pruritus, photosensitivity, and paronychia, can be controlled in most cases with common conservative modalities, special attention should be given to the early detection of epithelial skin tumors (mainly keratoakanthomas) that can be induced during therapy with these agents. This report reviews all current published data on cutaneous side effects of RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway inhibitors, and attempts to provide the clinician with clear hints for their management.
Deregulation of Translational Control of the 65-kDa Regulatory Subunit (PR65α) of Protein Phosphatase 2A Leads to Multinucleated Cells (1995)

Efficient translation of the mRNA encoding the 65-kDa regulatory subunit (PR65 alpha) of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is prevented by an out of frame upstream AUG and a stable stem-loop structure (delta G = -55.9 kcal/mol) in the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR). Deletion of the 5'-UTR allows efficient translation of the PR65 alpha message in vitro and overexpression in COS-1 cells. Insertion of the 5'-UTR into the beta-galactosidase leader sequence dramatically inhibits translation of the beta-galactosidase message in vitro and in vivo, confirming that this sequence functions as a potent translation regulatory sequence. Cells transfected or microinjected with a PR65 alpha expression vector lacking the 5'-UTR, express high levels of PR65 alpha, accumulating in both nucleus and cytoplasm. PR65 alpha overexpressing rat embryo fibroblasts (REF-52 cells) become multinucleated. These data and previous results (Mayer-Jaekel, R. E., Ohkura, H., Gomes, R., Sunkel, C. E., Baumgartner, S., Hemmings, B. A., and Glover, D. M. (1993) Cell 72, 621-633) suggest that PP2A participates in the regulation of both mitosis and cytokinesis.
Endothelial apoptosis induced by inhibition of integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5 involves ceramide metabolic pathways (2005)

Abstract Matrix ligation of integrins αvβ3/αvβ5 is critical for endothelial survival and angiogenesis. We have previously shown that ceramide, a proapoptotic lipid second messenger, increases during endothelial anoikis (detachment-induced apoptosis). We now show that RGDfV, an integrin αvβ3/αvβ5 cyclic function-blocking peptide, increased ceramide and decreased sphingomyelin in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) plated on vitronectin, suggesting that sphingomyelin hydrolysis contributes to RGDfV-induced ceramide increase. Desipramine and imipramine, inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase), suppressed RGDfV-induced ceramide increase. Importantly, desipramine, imipramine, and a third ASMase inhibitor, SR33557, but not inhibitors of neutral sphingomyelinase, suppressed RGDfV-induced apoptosis, suggesting that ASMase was required for integrin-mediated apoptosis. Myriocin, an inhibitor of de novo ceramide synthesis, had no effect on RGDfV-induced HBMEC apoptosis. Interestingly, ASMase inhibitors also suppressed the RGDfV-induced loss of spreading on vitronectin. RGDfV induced a similar increase in ceramide and apoptosis in HBMECs on poly-l-lysine or vitronectin, although cells detached only from vitronectin, indicating that cell detachment was not required for RGDfV-induced apoptosis. Our results suggest involvement of ASMase and ceramide in endothelial apoptosis induced by inhibition of integrins αvβ3/αvβ5, and propose a novel molecular mechanism for the antiangiogenic effect of RGDfV.
Simultaneous ballistic deficit immunity and resilience to parallel noise sources: A new pulse shaping technique (2001)

A new and different time-variant pulse processing system has been developed based on a simple CR-RC filter and two analog switches. The new pulse processing technique combines both ballistic deficit immunity and resilience to parallel noise without a significant compromise to the low energy resolution, generally considered a mutually exclusive requirement. The filter is realized by combining two different pulse shaping techniques. One of the techniques creates a low rate of curvature at the pulse peak, which reduces ballistic deficit, while the second technique increases the tolerance to low-frequency noise by modifying the noise history. Several experimental measurements are presented, including tests on a coplanar grid CdZnTe detector. Improvements on both the resolution and line shape are shown for the 662 keV line of /sup 137/Cs.
Measurement and symbolic analysis of implemented multirate systems (1996)

Multirate systems (MRS) play a major role in modern telecommunication. Important examples are filter banks for image or speech coding, transmultiplexers, and sampling rate converters. In general, these systems are designed without consideration of implementation aspects such as wordlength limitations. The performance of realized systems will therefore differ from the desired one depending on the system structure. Not all deviations can be calculated in closed form and even practicable calculations are often extensive and error-prone. Therefore, we present a method for measuring quantization effects in realized MRS. Furthermore, we introduce a new program for the symbolic analysis of MRS using a computer algebra program.
Selection and perioperative management of patients undergoing an orthotopic ileal bladder substitution (2005)

Orthotopic ileal bladder substitution (Studer pouch) has gained much popularity during the last decade, offering the best form of urinary diversion in appropriately selected patients. The superiority of this procedure is well known, with a low complication and high success rate. In the present study the most important details in patient selection, surgical technique, perioperative management with short- and long-term postoperative follow-up are described. Adequate preoperative assessment results in a proper indication for surgery and appropriate patient selection. The cystectomy should be performed with atraumatic dissection and preservation of the urethral autonomic innervation and sphincter apparatus. The bladder substitute is constructed from a terminal ileal segment of proper length formed into a spherical shape. Implantation of the ureters into the reservoir should not be performed using an anti- reflux technique to avoid a high stricture rate. Anastomosis of the bladder substitute to the urethra must be flat and wide open, avoiding a funnel-shaped outlet. In the immediate postoperative period, careful monitoring is necessary to minimize metabolic complications of acidosis and salt loss. To achieve successful voiding rehabilitation, with complete reservoir emptying, good functional reservoir capacity and satisfactory continence, it is necessary to educate the patients as to the physiological functioning of the bladder substitute. Careful lifelong follow up is essential for the successful outcome. Respecting strict patient selection criteria and proper surgical technique are of utmost importance for the successful outcome of the procedure, but only if combined with regular follow-up.
Effects of Shock Waves on the Structure and Growth of the Immature Rat Epiphysis (1989)

The left proximal tibia of eighteen five week old male Sprague-Dawley rats was exposed to 1500 shock waves at 20 kV in a Dornier XL-1 experimental lithotripter. Six of these rats, and six age-matched controls, were sacrificed two, four and ten weeks later. Eight of 18 (44%) of treated animals had lesions of focal growth plate dysplasia attributable to treatment. In the absence of extensive lesions, no significant difference was identified in the growth plate thickness of shocked versus unshocked limbs. In the group sacrificed at ten weeks, two of six (33%) treated animals had extensive dysplastic lesions which were associated with marked shortening of the shocked limb. In the absence of extensive lesions, there was no significant shortening of shocked limbs. Shock wave exposure of the rat epiphysis can affect subsequent bone growth.
Dynamic fault dictionaries and two-stage fault isolation (1998)

This paper presents dynamic two stage fault isolation for sequential random logic VLSI circuits, and introduces limited and dynamic fault dictionaries. In the first stage of the dynamic process, a limited fault dictionary identifies candidate faults, which are further distinguished in the second stage by a dictionary generated dynamically for the candidate faults and a subset of the test vectors. This provides high resolution but avoids the costs of full static dictionaries. Two-stage fault isolation is evaluated for benchmark circuits and on defects in industrial circuits.
Infrared cavity ringdown and integrated cavity output spectroscopy for trace species monitoring (2002)

Although the ability of high finesse optical cavities to provide effective absorption path-lengths exceeding 10 km. has been known for quite some time, attempts to utilize this property for the purposes of high-resolution spectroscopy have often resulted in extremely complex experimental systems. Here, we demonstrate how off-axis optical paths through such cavities can be employed to produce relatively simple spectrometers capable of ultrasensitive absorption measurements. A proof-of-concept study using visible diode lasers has achieved a normalized absorption sensitivity of 1.8*10-10 cm<SUP>-1</SUP>Hz<SUP>-1/2</SUP>. Additionally, quantum cascade lasers have been employed to extend this method into the mid-infrared region, where sensitivities of 1.2*10-9 cm<SUP>-1</SUP>Hz<SUP>-1/2</SUP> have been obtained.
[Bis(guanidine)]zinc Complexes and Their Application in Lactide Polymerisation (2007)

Abstract The bis(guanidine)‐stabilised zinc complexes [ N 1 , N 2 ‐bis(1,3‐dimethylimidazolidin‐2‐ylidene)ethane‐1,2‐diamine]dichloridozinc(II), [Zn(DMEG 2 e)Cl 2 ] ( C1 ), diacetato[ N 1 , N 2 ‐bis(1,3‐dimethylimidazolidin‐2‐ylidene)ethane‐1,2‐diamine]zinc(II),[Zn(DMEG 2 e)(CH 3 COO) 2 ] ( C2 ), and bis[ N 1 , N 2 ‐bis(1,3‐dimethylimidazolidin‐2‐ylidene)ethane‐1,2‐diamine]zinc(II) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate), [Zn(DMEG 2 e) 2 ](CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ( C3 ), have been synthesised and completely characterised by means of X‐ray structure analysis, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. These [bis(guanidine)]zinc complexes were investigated regarding their activity in the bulk polymerisation of D , L ‐lactide. It could be shown that these compounds are able to act as initiators for lactide polymerisation, and polylactides with molecular weights ( M w ) of around 18000–59000 g/mol could be obtained. Variation of the reaction temperature revealed that the molecular weights decrease with increasing temperature. Additionally, the correlation of the intrinsic viscosity with the molecular weight demonstrates that the obtained polymers are linear and structurally homogeneous.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Highly Efficient Ligands for the Palladium‐Assisted Double <i>N</i>‐Arylation of Primary Amines for One‐Sep Construction of Carbazoles (2010)

Abstract A highly efficient one‐pot synthesis of carbazoles via palladium‐catalyzed double N ‐arylation of primary amines with 2,2′‐dihalobiphenyls is described using a catalyst system comprised of tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (Pd 2 dba 3 ) and the proazaphosphatrane P( i ‐BuNCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 N ( 8 ) or its derivative ( t‐ Bu) 2 PNP( i‐ BuNCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 N ( 9a ) as the ligand. The process is effective for double N ‐arylation of 2,2′‐biphenyl dibromide, diiodide, and even dichloride with a variety of primary amines including neutral, electron‐rich, electron‐deficient, and sterically hindered anilines as well as aliphatic amines.
Multiagent truth maintenance (1991)

The concept of logical consistency of belief among a group of computational agents that are able to reason nonmonotonically is defined. An algorithm for truth maintenance is then provided that guarantees local consistency for each agent and global consistency for data shared by the agents. The algorithm is shown to be complete, in the sense that if a consistent state exists, the algorithm will either find it or report failure. The implications and limitations of this algorithm for cooperating agents are discussed, and several extensions are described. The algorithm has been implemented in the RAD distributed expert system shell.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Glycosphingolipid Accumulation Inhibits Cholesterol Efflux via the ABCA1/Apolipoprotein A-I Pathway (2005)

Cellular glycosphingolipid (GSL) storage is known to promote cholesterol accumulation. Although physical interactions between GSLs and cholesterol are thought to cause intracellular cholesterol "trapping," it is not known whether cholesterol homeostatic mechanisms are also impaired under these conditions. ApoA-I-mediated cholesterol efflux via ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1) is a key regulator of cellular cholesterol balance. Here, we show that apoA-I-mediated cholesterol efflux was inhibited (by up to 53% over 8 h) when fibroblasts were treated with lactosylceramide or the glucocerebrosidase inhibitor conduritol B epoxide. Furthermore, apoA-I-mediated cholesterol efflux from fibroblasts derived from patients with genetic GSL storage diseases (Fabry disease, Sandhoff disease, and GM1 gangliosidosis) was impaired compared with control cells. Conversely, apoA-I-mediated cholesterol efflux from fibroblasts and cholesterol-loaded macrophage foam cells was dose-dependently stimulated (by up to 6-fold over 8 h) by the GSL synthesis inhibitor 1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PDMP). Unexpectedly, a structurally unrelated GSL synthesis inhibitor, N-butyldeoxynojirimycin, was unable to stimulate apoA-I-mediated cholesterol efflux despite achieving similar GSL depletion. PDMP was found to up-regulate ABCA1 mRNA and protein expression, thereby identifying a contributing mechanism for the observed acceleration of cholesterol efflux to apoA-I. This study reveals a novel defect in cellular cholesterol homeostasis induced by GSL storage and identifies PDMP as a new agent for enhancing cholesterol efflux via the ABCA1/apoA-I pathway.
Identification of epoxide hydrase as the preneoplastic antigen in rat liver hyperplastic nodules. (1978)

A liver microsomal protein, previously referred to as preneoplastic antigen, from hyperplastic nodules of rats fed a diet containing 2-acetylaminofluorene has been identified as the enzyme epoxide hydrase [glycol hydro-lyase (epoxideforming), EC 4.2.1.63]. Purified preneoplastic antigen from hyperplastic nodules and purified rat liver microsomal epoxide hydrase are immunochemically identical on the basis of Ouchterlony double-diffusion analysis. In addition, the purified proteins have identical minimum molecular weights in sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gels, and both proteins catalyze the hydration of arene oxides to dihydrodiols. Chronic feeding of 2-acetylaminofluorene to rats results in a 5- to 7-fold increase in epoxide hydrase activity in rat liver. The induced level of the enzyme is maintained in developing hyperplastic nodules and hepatomas but not in the nontumor tissue after removal of the carcinogen from the diet.
Primary structure of human ribosomal protein S14 and the gene that encodes it. (1986)

Chinese hamster ribosomal protein S14 cDNA was used to recognize homologous human cDNA and genomic clones. Human and Chinese hamster S14 protein sequences deduced from the cDNAs are identical. Two overlapping human genomic S14 DNA clones were isolated from a Charon 28 placental DNA library. A fragment of single-copy DNA derived from an intron region of one clone was mapped to the functional RPS14 locus on human chromosome 5q by using a panel of human X Chinese hamster hybrid cell DNAs. The human S14 gene consists of five exons and four introns spanning 5.9 kilobase pairs of DNA. Polyadenylated S14 transcripts purified from HeLa cell cytoplasma display heterogeneous 5' ends that map within noncoding RPS14 exon 1. This precludes assignment of a unique 5' boundary of RPS14 transcripts with respect to the cloned human genomic DNA. Apparently HeLa cells either initiate transcription at multiple sites within RPS14 exon 1, or capped 5' oligonucleotides are removed from most S14 mRNAs posttranscription. In contrast to the few murine ribosomal protein and several other mammalian housekeeping genes whose structures are known, human RPS14 contains a TATA sequence (TATACTT) upstream from exon 1. Three related short sequence motifs, also observed in murine and yeast ribosomal protein genes, occur in this region of the RPS14 gene. RPS14 introns 3 and 4 both contain Alu sequences. Interestingly, the Alu sequence in intron 3 is located slightly downstream from a chromosome 5 deletion breakpoint in one human X hamster hybrid clone analyzed.