gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimization of a UV light-emitting diode based fluorescence-phase sensor (2006)

A set of UV light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with the peak wavelengths ranging from 255 nm to 375 nm was applied for the investigation of spectral and decay-time fluorescence signatures in dry <i>B. globigii </i>spores and common airborne interferants (albuminous, epithelium, and cellulosous materials as well as aromatic hydrocarbons). The fluorescence decay signature was represented by a phase shift of the sinusoidal fluorescence waveform in respect of excitation provided by high-frequency modulated LEDs. The obtained data matrix was used for the optimization a bioparticle fluorescence sensor with a minimized number of excitation sources and detection channels and maximized discrimination ability of bioparticles against common interferants. Based on the optimization, a new concept for a UV LED based "detect-to-warn" bioparticle fluorescence sensor is proposed. The sensor contains a single deep-UV LED emitting at 280 nm that is harmonically modulated at a high frequency (of about 70 MHz) and a dual-channel fluorescence detector with the spectral windows peaked at 320 nm and 450 nm. The output parameters of the sensor are the ratio of the fluorescence intensity in the two windows and the phase shift of the fluorescence waveform in the 320-nm detection channel in respect of the excitation one. Such a sensing scheme has a smaller number of optical components and a potentially higher discrimination ability of bioparticles against common interferants in comparison with the conventional approach based on just fluorescence intensity measurement under dual-wavelength excitation (280 nm and 340 nm).
An estimation of the rotor displacements of bearingless motors based on a high frequency equivalent circuits (2005)

Bearingless motors have been developed for canned pumps, blood pumps, spindle drives, and computer disk drives. The bearingless motor is a motor with magnetically integrated bearing functions. The rotor is suspended with no mechanical contact by magnetic force. The magnetic suspension of the bearingless motors, however, requires displacement sensors to detect the rotor displacements. A self-sensing bearingless motor is an effective solution to reduce cost and shorten a shaft length. In this paper, a self-sensing method based on the self-inductance variations is presented. This method is more suitable for PWM inverters. However, as the frequency is increased, the detected voltage, which includes the rotor displacement, is decreased. The frequency characteristics of the impedance are also discussed with a high-frequency equivalent circuit. It is round that the iron permeability reduction is a major cause of a decrease in the detected voltage at a low frequency. In addition, the iron loss resistance has a significant influence at a high frequency.
CuO/PVDF nanocomposite anode for a piezo-driven self-charging lithium battery (2013)

An integrated self-charging power cell (SCPC) is realized from a CuO/PVDF nanocomposite piezo-anode. The efficiency of the integrated SCPC is higher than that of the non-integrated SCPC. The intimate and large contact between CuO and PVDF results in an effective use of the piezoelectric field in the internal piezo-electrochemical process.
Development of a pointing, acquisition, and tracking system for a nanosatellite laser communications module (2015)

Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015.
The neuropsychology of schizophrenia (1991)

Abstract A model is proposed for integrating the neural and cognitive aspects of the positive symptoms of acute schizophrenia, using evidence from postmortem neuropathology and neurochemistry, clinical and preclinical studies of dopaminergic neurotransmission, anatomical connections between the limbic system and basal ganglia, attentional and other cognitive abnormalities underlying the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, specific animal models of some of these abnormalities, and previous attempts to model the cognitive functions of the septohippocampal system and the motor functions of the basal ganglia. Anatomically, the model emphasises the projections from the septohippocampal system, via the subiculum, and the amygdala to nucleus accumbens, and their interaction with the ascending dopaminergic projection to the accumbens. Psychologically, the model emphasises a failure in acute schizophrenia to integrate stored memories of past regularities of perceptual input with ongoing motor programs in the control of current perception. A number of recent experiments that offer support for the model are briefly described, including anatomical studies of limbic-striatal connections, studies in the rat of the effects of damage to these connections, and of the effects of amphetamine and neuroleptics, on the partial reinforcement extinction effect, latent inhibition and the Kamin blocking effect; and studies of the latter two phenomena in acute and chronic schizophrenics.
Fundamental study of molten pool depth measurement method using an ultrasonic phased array system (2015)

The molten pool depth measurement method using an ultrasonic phased array system has been developed. The molten pool depth distribution is evaluated by comparing the times taken by the ultrasonic wave to propagate through a molten pool and a solid-phase and through only the solid-phase near the molten pool. Maximum molten pool depths on a flat type-304 stainless-steel plate, formed with a gas tungsten arc welding machine for different welding currents from 70 to 150 A, were derived within an error of ±0.5 mm.
Selenium speciation in enriched and natural samples by HPLC-ICP-MS and HPLC-ESI-MS with perfluorinated carboxylic acid ion-pairing agents (2000)

Selenium-enriched plants, such as hyperaccumulative phytoremediation plants (Astragalus praleongus, 517 micrograms g-1 Se, and Brassica juncea, 138 micrograms g-1 Se in dry sample), yeast (1200, 1922 and 2100, micrograms g-1 Se in dry sample), ramp (Allium tricoccum, 48, 77, 230, 252, 405 and 524 micrograms g-1 Se in dry sample), onion (Allium cepa, 96 and 140 micrograms g-1 Se in dry sample) and garlic (Allium sativum, 68, 112, 135, 296, 1355 micrograms g-1 Se in dry sample) were analyzed by HPLC-ICP-MS for their selenium content and speciation after hot water and enzymatic extractions. Reference samples with natural selenium levels, such as onion and garlic controls, cooking garlic powder, baking yeast powder and a commercial garlic supplement were also analyzed. Selected samples were also examined by HPLC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS. HPLC was mostly carried out with 0.1% heptafluorobutanoic acid (HFBA) as ion-pairing agent in 1 + 99 v/v methanol-water solution, but 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in 1 + 99 v/v methanol-water solution was also utilized to permit chromatography for compounds that did not elute with HFBA. More than 75% of the total eluting selenium compounds, based upon element specific detection, were identified from retention time data and standard spiking experiments, and between 60 and 85% of compounds were identified by MS, with up to 25% of the total eluting molecular selenium species being unidentified as yet. Limits of quantification (LOQ, defined as the concentration giving an S/N of 10) for HPLC-ICP-MS were in the range 2-50 ng mL-1 Se in the injected extracts for the selenium-enriched samples and 2-10 ng mL-1 Se for the natural selenium level samples. LOQ values for HPLC-ESI-MS were ca. 100 times higher than those measured by HPLC-ICP-MS.
A Sub-Harmonic Switching Digital Power Amplifier with Hybrid Class-G Operation for Enhancing Power Back-off Efficiency (2018)

This paper presents a sub-harmonic switching (SHS) digital power amplifier (PA) architecture that enhances power efficiency in the power back-off (PBO) region. The proposed technique is combined with Class-G operation and, using either SHS or dual-power-supply switching, can provide more peak efficiency points, located at 0, -3.5, -9.5 and -13dB PBO. Moreover, by judiciously choosing the optimal operation mode (between SHS and dual supplies) for each PA cell at different power output levels, we can further improve the efficiency between those peaks. The SHS PA prototype is implemented with a switched capacitor PA (SCPA) architecture in 65nm CMOS. It achieves a 26.8dBm peak output power with a 49.3% peak drain efficiency (DE) and a 27% -13dB PBO DE at carrier frequency of 2.25GHz.
Factors Controlling the Sintering of Ceramic Particulate Composites: II, Coated Inclusion Particles (1992)

Composite powders were synthesized by coating coarse ZrO 2 inclusion particles with a cladding of fine‐grained, crystalline ZnO powder using a chemical precipitation technique. Three different inclusion sizes (1, 3, and 14 μm) were used by selecting the size of the starting ZrO 2 powder, and the volume fraction of the inclusions was controlled by the amount of ZnO precipitated. The powders were compacted by uniaxial pressing in a die and then sintered at a constant heating rate of 4°C/min to 1500°C. The sintering kinetics were almost independent of the inclusion volume fraction, and of the inclusion size, for inclusion contents up to ∼40 vol%. Furthermore, composites containing up to ∼40 vol% inclusions were sintered to almost full density under the same conditions used for the unreinforced matrix. This is considerably better than the densities obtained for conventionally mixed powders, where a modest inclusion content (< ∼ 10 vol%) has been observed to cause a severe reduction in the sintered density of the composite matrix. The kinetic data and microstructural observations are a further indication that the main factors which oppose the free sintering of ceramic particulate composites are processing‐related; these factors are (i) inclusion‐inclusion interactions which constrain the matrix and (ii) the packing of the matrix phase in regions immediately surrounding the inclusions.
Dynamic event detection and location using wide area phasor measurements (2010)

Abstract This paper presents an online dynamic event detection and location method that uses wide‐area generator rotor frequency measurements. It combines a variance‐based approach to event detection with a clustering‐based approach to event location. In the offline phase, the method involves partitioning the buses in a power network into coherent groups and selecting a single generator to represent each group. In the online phase, the method involves calculating the variance of each representative's rotor frequency over sliding window. This paper provides explanation and evidence that different detection thresholds should be used for variance‐based triggers that have different window lengths. If the threshold is varied linearly with the window length then the variance‐based criterion resembles the long‐window derivative‐based criterion. This paper provides guidelines for adjusting the window length and the detection threshold in a coordinated manner to balance the tradeoff between the detection delay and the prevalence of false detections. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Immortalized UROtsa Cell Line as a Potential Cell Culture Model of Human Urothelium (2001)

The UROtsa cell line was isolated from a primary culture of normal human urothelium through immortalization with a construct containing the SV40 large T antigen. It proliferates in serum-containing growth medium as a cell monolayer with little evidence of uroepithelial differentiation. The working hypothesis in the present study was that this cell line could be induced to differentiate and express known features of in situ urothelium if the original serum-containing growth medium was changed to a serum-free formulation. We demonstrated that the UROtsa cells could be successfully placed into a serum-free growth medium consisting of a 1:1 mixture of Dulbeco's modified Eagle's medium and Ham's F-12 supplemented with selenium (5 ng/mL), insulin (5 microg/mL), transferrin (5 microg/mL), hydrocortisone (36 ng/mL), triiodothyronine (4 pg/mL), and epidermal growth factor (10 ng/mL). Under serum-free growth conditions, confluent UROtsa cells were shown by light microscopy to produce raised, three-dimensional structures. Routine ultrastructural examination disclosed these three-dimensional areas to consist of a stratified layer of cells that strongly resembled in situ urothelium. The cells displayed numerous desmosomal connections, complex interactions of the lateral membranes, and abundant intermediate filaments within the cytoplasm. Freeze fracture analysis demonstrated that the cells possessed tight-junction sealing strands and gap junctions. The overall morphology was most consistent with that found in the intermediate layers of in situ urothelium. The basal expression patterns of the metallothionein (MT) and heat shock proteins 27, 60, and 70 were determined in these cells, and expression was in agreement with that known to occur for in situ urothelium. The cells were also successfully tested for their ability to be stably transfected using expression vectors containing the MT-3 or MT-2A genes. The findings suggest that the UROtsa cells grown with a serum-free medium could be a valuable adjunct for studying environmental insult to the human urothelium in general and for the stress response in particular.
Inhibition of experimental diabetic cataract by topical administration of RS-verapamil hydrochloride (2003)

Verapamil eye drops 0.2% administered three times daily are effective in inhibiting the progression of lens opacities in streptozotocin diabetic rats.
Cosmetic Features Extraction by a Single Image Makeup Decomposition (2018)

In recent years, a large number of makeup images have been shared on social media. Most of these images lack information about the cosmetics used, such as color, glitter or etc., while they are difficult to infer due to the diversity of skin color or lighting conditions. In this paper, our goal is to estimate cosmetic features only from a single makeup image. Previous work has measured the material parameters of cosmetic products from pairs of images showing the face with and without makeup, but such comparison images are not always available. Furthermore, this method cannot represent local effects such as pearl or glitter since they adapted physically-based reflectance models. We propose a novel image-based method to extract cosmetic features considering both color and local effects by decomposing the target image into makeup and skin color using Difference of Gaussian (DoG). Our method can be applied for single, standalone makeup images, and considers both local effects and color. In addition, our method is robust to the skin color difference due to the decomposition separating makeup from skin. The experimental results demonstrate that our method is more robust to skin color difference and captures characteristics of each cosmetic product.
A fast and simple stretch-minimizing mesh parameterization (2004)

We propose a fast and simple method for generating a low-stretch mesh parameterization. Given a triangle mesh, we start from the floater shape preserving parameterization and then improve the parameterization gradually. At each improvement step, we optimize the parameterization generated at the previous step by minimizing a weighted quadratic energy where the weights are chosen in order to minimize the parameterization stretch. This optimization procedure does not generate triangle flips if the boundary of the parameter domain is a convex polygon. Moreover already the first optimization step produces a high-quality mesh parameterization. We compare our parameterization procedure with several state-of-the-art mesh parameterization methods and demonstrate its speed and high efficiency in parameterizing large and geometrically complex models.
Electronic stethoscope for detection of cerebral aneurysm, vasospasm and arterial disease. (1977)

A specially designed acoustic stethoscope electronic-computer-analysis system has repeatedly detected and identified angiographically demonstrated anteriorly located intracranial aneurysms by their characteristic signals. The system has detected and measured clinically significant disease in the carotid siphon and bifurcation, even in cases with normal angiograms, and has recorded the onset and disappearance of cerebral vasospasm. Our data suggests that an aneurysm may act as a flexible Helmholtz resonator, possibly being driven by vortex shed or turbulence. Our goal is the development of a safe, non-invasive method by which the physician could investigate warning symptoms of aneurysms, cerebral vasospasm, and arterial disease in order to recommend preventive surgery or medical treatment early before the patient's condition might deteriorate. Individual cases, falsely positive and negative results are discussed.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients with COVID‐19 (2020)

This retrospective study aimed to analysis clinical characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients with novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Medical records, laboratory results and radiologic findings of 52 cancer patients with COVID-19 were collected, clinical characteristics and outcomes were summarized. A total of 52 cancer patients with COVID-19 were included. Median age of 52 cancer patients with COVID-19 was 63 years (34-98). Thirty-three (63.5%) patients were mild and 19 (36.5%) were severe/critical. Lung cancer was the most frequent cancer type (10, 19.2%). The common symptoms were as follows: fever (25%), dry cough (17.3%), chest distress (11.5%), and fatigue (9.6%). There were 33 (63.5%) patients had comorbidities, the most common symptom was hypertension (17, 51.5%). Twenty-six (78.8%) patients developed pneumonia on admission. Lymphocytes (0.6 × 109/L) decreased in both mild and severe/critical patients. Median levels of D-dimer, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and lactate dehydrogenase were 2.8 mg/L, 70.5 mg/L, 0.3 ng/mL, and 318 U/L, respectively, which increased significantly in severe/critical patients compared with the mild patients. Interleukin-6 (12.6 pg/mL) increased in both mild and severe/critical patients, there was a significant difference between them. Complications were observed in 29 (55.8%) patients, such as liver injury (19, 36.5%), acute respiratory distress syndrome (9, 17.3%), sepsis (8, 15.4%), myocardial injury (8, 15.4%), renal insufficiency (4, 7.7%), and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (3, 5.8%). Eleven (21.2%) patients with cancer died. The infection rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in patients with cancer was higher than the general population, cancer patients with COVID-19 showed deteriorating conditions and poor outcomes.
Expression of Calcitonin Receptors on Human Myeloid Leukemia Cells1 (1995)

Certain osteoclastic markers (multinucleation and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) were induced in human leukemia HL-60 cells by treatment with 10(-7) M 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] for 10 days. However, no formation of pits on a bone substrate by vitamin-treated HL-60 cells was detected. Expression of calcitonin receptors (CTR), another osteoclastic marker, was examined by means of the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The human CTR-cDNA (T47D isotype) was amplified from untreated HL-60 cells, but not from cells treated with 1,25(OH)2D3. The CTR mRNA disappeared within 24 h after the treatment. Thus, 1,25(OH)2D3-differentiated HL-60 cells failed to show two intrinsic characteristics of osteoclasts, pit formation on a bone substrate and expression of CTR. We then examined the expression of CTR on established human leukemia cell lines. The CTR mRNA was expressed in myeloblastic ML-1 and promyelocytic HL-60 leukemia cells but not in more mature macrophage-like cell lines, U-937 and THP-1 cells. Neither B cell leukemia BALL-1, T cell leukemia Jurkat, promegakaryoblastic leukemia Meg-J, nor cervix uteri carcinoma HeLa S3 cells amplified the CTR products. The cDNA of BIN67-isotype CTR, that has an additional 16-amino acid insert in the putative first intracellular loop of T47D-type CTR [Kuestner et al. (1994) Mol. Pharmacol. 46, 246-255], was amplified by neither strain tested. It was suggested that the T47D-type CTR is a novel differentiation antigen of immature myeloid lineage cells.
Experiences from feeding and co-firing of lignin powder in a lime kiln (2010)

A significant part of the fossil fuel oil consumption at a pulp mill today is related to combustion in the lime kiln. Therefore, replacing fuel oil with lignin in this application has been one of t ...
Androgen receptor and 5α‐reductase are expressed in pelvic endometriosis (2007)

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether androgen receptor (AR) and the enzymes that convert testosterone into the more potent androgen dihydrotestosterone, 5alpha-reductases (5alpha-R1 and 5alpha-R2) are expressed in pelvic endometriosis. The study involved 21 infertile women who underwent laparoscopy and were divided into two groups: control (n= 13) and endometriosis (n= 8) according to the histological and laparoscopic findings. Endometrial and endometriotic implant biopsies were performed. By reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, AR, 5alpha-R1 and 5alpha-R2 messenger RNA and protein were detected in biopsies of pelvic endometriosis, as well as in the eutopic endometrium of both groups. These findings suggest that active androgens may be formed within the endometriotic tissue and that both local and systemic androgens have the potential to act on endometriotic cells.
Synthesis of Novel Hybrid Molecules from Precursors With Known Antiparasitic Activity (2009)

Three novel new compounds derived from antiparasitic precursors have been synthesized and tested for their antiamoebic and antigiardial activities. The condensation of 2-(2-methyl-5-1H-nitroimidazolyl)ethylamine (6) with 5-nitro-2-furylacrylic acid (7) gave 3-(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)-N-[2-(5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethyl]acrylamide (8). Condensation of 7 with 7-chloro-4-(piperazin-1-yl)quinoline (9) afforded 1-[4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)propenone as a mixture of two isomers; 10-a (the E-isomer) and 10-b (the Z-isomer). In addition, the reaction of 9 with 1-(2-bromoethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole (11) in the presence of K(2)CO(3) and NaI yielded 7-chloro-4-(4-[2-(5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethyl]-piprazin-1-yl)quinoline (12). On the basis of preliminary screening data for these new compounds, compound 12 exhibited potent lethal activities against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia intestinalis; its IC(50) (about 1 microM) was lower, at least by a factor of five, compared to the standard drug, metronidazole. In addition, the IC(50) of compound 12 against the tested parasites is 600 times below that against Hep-2 and Vero cells. Compounds 8 and 10-a also exhibited potent or moderate antiamoebic and antigiardial activities with IC(50 values) of about 5.5 microM, and 140 microM, respectively, against the tested parasites. These two hybrid molecules, 8, 10-a, were also non-cytotoxic at the lethal concentrations against the parasites.
Abdominal Angina— Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment (1961)

Although the syndrome of abdominal angina has been recognized occasionally for many years, it is seldom diagnosed before death or operation for mesenteric thrombosis. The condition usually occurs in patients of the arteriosclerotic age group. Outstanding symptoms include postprandial pain, weight loss, and constipation. Gastrointestinal studies may be negative or may show evidence of impaired intestinal motility, excessive fat in the feces, and occult blood. Aortography with exposure of the visceral vessels in the lateral projection provides definitive diagnosis and affords clear visualization of the proximal and segmental character of the occlusive process. Revascularization of the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries by arterial reconstructive procedures is important not only to alleviate symptoms but to prevent mesenteric thrombosis and death.