gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbon Nanomaterial Manufacturing System and Automatic Synthesis Equipment and Its Control Device and Control Methods (2020)

In recent years, people are committed to developing new technologies and technologies for energy storage and conversion, environmental detection, high-performance sensors and energy security, and other aspects of the increasingly prominent problems in the field of environmental and biosafety. The purpose of this paper is to explore the manufacturing system and automatic synthesis equipment of carbon nanomaterials, understand the control device and control method, and analyze the structure and morphology characteristics of three kinds of carbon nanomaterials produced by carbon nanomaterial manufacturing system by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The results show that the carbon nanomaterial manufacturing system and automatic synthesis system in this paper solve the problems of high cost, low efficiency, and small scale of the existing carbon nanomaterials manufacturing and achieve the precision control of automatic production, so that the productivity is increased by 20%–35%, and the cost is reduced by 15%–30%. Therefore, they are widely used in the fields of science and technology, environmental protection, and intelligent manufacturing broad prospects. Carbon nanotube manufacturing equipment and automatic synthesis equipment have great production advantages, which can greatly improve the quality and efficiency of carbon nanomaterials. UPY, GO, and UGO carbon nanomaterials produced by carbon nanotube manufacturing equipment are not easy to fall off from the materials. When the wavelength is 500 nm, the absorption frequency of the three materials is the largest. With the extension of the spectral wavelength, the absorption frequency of the three materials is reduced by 52%, 33%, and 34.7%, respectively.
Sketch for an algebra of relay and contactor circuits (1948)

A system of symbols is described, by which the various elements (contacts and operating coils) of a relay circuit can be represented. The symbols are then linked together by signs, the resultant algebraic expression corresponding to the circuit, and the operation of the circuit can be studied by considering the behaviour of the algebraic expression according to rules which are developed in the paper. Methods are described whereby complex circuits may be simplified by algebraic manipulation of the symbolic expressions; and design of relay circuits to perform given operations is discussed.
Humoral and Cellular Autoimmune Responses in Stiff Person Syndrome (2003)

Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with humoral and cellular immune responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65. Another chronic autoimmune disease, type 1 diabetes (T1D), is also associated with autoimmune responses to this antigen, but T1D patients develop SPS only extremely rarely and only a third of SPS patients develop T1D (mostly mild manifestations in adulthood). In a previous study, we described important differences between T1D and SPS in the autoimmune response to GAD 65: (1) T cells of SPS patients recognize epitopes in the middle of GAD 65 (amino residues 81-171 and 313-403), whereas patients with T1D preferentially recognize another middle (161-243) and a C-terminal region (473-555); and (2) GAD antibodies (Abs) were nearly exclusively of the Th1-associated IgG1 type in T1D, whereas SPS patients had both Th1- and Th2-associated IgG4 and IgE GAD Abs. These differences were not simply related to different HLA alleles. Fine epitope mapping revealed further distinct T cell epitopes in both diseases despite similar HLA background. Therefore, a single autoantigen can elicit different immune responses causing distinct chronic autoimmune diseases possibly related to a Th1 or Th2 bias of the disease.
A novel somatic FGFR3 mutation in primary lung cancer (2014)

The recent discovery of mutations and fusions of oncokinase genes in a subset of lung cancers (LCs) is of considerable clinical interest, since LCs containing such mutations or fusion transcripts are reportedly sensitive to kinase inhibitors. To better understand the role of the recently identified fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) mutations and fusions in pulmonary carcinogenesis, we examined 214 LCs for mutations in the mutation cluster region of the FGFR3 gene using sequencing analysis. We also examined 190 LCs for the FGFR3-TACC3 and FGFR3-BAIAP2L1 fusion transcripts using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Although the expression of FGFR3-TACC3 and FGFR3-BAIAP2L1 fusion transcripts was not detected in any of the carcinomas, somatic FGFR3 mutations were detected in two (0.9%) LCs. The two mutations were the same, i.e., p.R248H. That was a novel mutation occurring in the same codon as p.R248C, for which an oncogenic potential has previously been shown. Increased FGFR3 expression was shown in the two LCs containing the FGFR3 p.R248H mutation using qPCR. Histologically, both carcinomas were squamous cell carcinomas, therefore the incidence of the FGFR3 mutation among the squamous cell carcinoma cases was calculated as 3.2% (2/63). When we examined other co-occurring genetic abnormalities, one case exhibited a p53 p.R273C mutation, while the other case exhibited PIK3CA and SOX2 amplifications. The above results suggest that an FGFR3 p.R248H mutation is involved in the carcinogenesis of a subset of LCs and may contribute to the elucidation of the characteristics of FGFR3 mutation-positive LCs in the future.
Laser spallation adhesion metrology for electronic packaging development (2003)

In this paper, the merits of the laser spallation (LS) technique are described and demonstrated with regard to next-generation flip-chip packaging development. LS is based on conversion of a laser pulse into a mechanical stress pulse on the backside of a sample, which can spall films on the front side if of sufficient amplitude. One significant advantage of LS over traditional adhesion metrologies is that actual components can be evaluated, improving throughput and eliminating process-matching issues associated with making test coupons. Other advantages and case studies involving test-vehicle die and package-side applications are discussed.
Irreversible enzyme‐shuttle immunoassay (1992)

The concept of a competitive enzyme immunoassay that utilizes simultaneously the bound and the free analyte-enzyme conjugate (heterobifunctional conjugate) for signal generation in response to varying analyte concentrations in samples has been investigated. Two antigenic sites of the heterobifunctional conjugate are used in the assay for binding to immunoglobulins: the analyte derivative binds to an immobilized antibody, Ab(1), and the enzyme component binds to a spatially separated immobilized antibody, Ab(2). The analytical system is set up such that in the absence of analyte, the conjugate is predominantly bound in the compartment that contains Ab(1). With increasing concentration of native analyte in samples, an increasing concentration of native analyte in samples, an increasing amount of conjugate migrates to the second compartment that contains Ab(2). The enzyme bound in each compartment is used for signal generation. Mathematical models have been developed to determine the optimal conditions and to predict the performance of such dual-antibody systems. The theoretical predictions are supported by experimental results. The dual-antibody system has been compared with a conventional competitive enzyme immunoassay using the same reagents.
Influence of Temperature and Floret Age on Nectar Secretion in Trifolium repens L. (1994)

The influence of temperature on nectar secretion in non-pollinated florets of Trifolium repens was investigated in growth chambers at 10, 14, 18 and 22°C. The effect of temperature on the rate of nectar secretion was significant in all clones. The optimum temperature for secretion in three clones varied from 10°C for a clone of Icelandic origin, to 18°C in a clone selected from a Danish variety. Similarly, the average nectar yield varied significantly among clones of different geographical origin. One clone secreted two to four times more than others at 10°C. The optimum day temperature for nectar secretion was higher when the plants were exposed to low night temperature, presumably a result of decreased night respiration. Nectar accumulated at the floret base until senescence. Evidence for reabsorption of nectar was obtained in four clones. Sucrose, fructose and glucose were identified as the major sugars in the nectar. High night temperatures led to decreased sucrose percentage in favour of glucose and fructose. The frequency of new florets opening per day was not influenced by temperatures between 10 and 22°C in one clone, whereas low temperatures significantly decreased the number of new florets in another. Few or no modified stomata were observed in the epidermis of the nectary. The high variation with respect to nectar secretion at low temperatures, along with the high heritability of this quality, suggests that breeding for high nectar production at low temperature is plausible. The significance of nectar yield in pollination biology is discussed.Copyright 1994, 1999 Academic Press
A Method for Temporal Event Correlation (2019)

In recent years, the use of data-driven algorithms has gained significant traction as a method of localizing faults in commercial networks through the analysis of network events.While the number of different failure scenarios in any IT infrastructure is potentially unbounded, the fundamental mechanisms of fault propagation and related failure modes are much smaller. A significant component of many failure modes is a statistically predictable time pattern of event production. In this paper we describe a novel approach for identifying faults that produce such a sequence of events, based only upon their temporal arrival pattern.The approach uses state-of-the-art optimization techniques to establish a temporal similarity graph for a given group of alerts. Community detection algorithms are then applied to the event similarity graph in order to determine groups of faults with similar arrival patterns. We demonstrate the efficacy of the new approach by applying it to simulated event streams in realistic failure scenarios, reproducing results that are consistent with experience of deploying the technique in real world networks.
Carotenoid composition of new cultivars of red pepper for paprika (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarotenoid composition of new cultivars of red pepper for paprikaLuis Almela, Jose M. Lopez-Roca, Maria E. Candela, and Maria D. AlcazarCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1991, 39, 9, 1606–1609Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00009a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00009a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views359Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Integration of high-performance computing into a VCL cloud (2013)

High-Performance Computing (HPC) services can range from those on peta-flop supercomputers down to smaller computational clusters used for HPC application development, pilot runs and staging. What they all have in common is that traditionally HPC facilities tend to be isolated from the more general scientific computing services. Advent of the cloud computing has started changing that. In this paper we discuss a very successful production-level architecture and policy framework for supporting HPC services within a more general cloud computing infrastructure called VCL. This integrated environment has been operating at NC State since fall 2004. It typically delivers over 14 million HPC CPU hours per year to NC State faculty and students. Our experience is that integration of HPC and non-HPC services in a cloud can substantially reduce the cost of both services.
Low-shrinkage Composite for Dental Application (2007)

In modern research, development of monomers that reduce shrinkage of composite materials remains an ongoing quest and perennial challenge. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to analyze the shrinkage behaviour of an innovative composite material for dental restorations based on a monomer with a new chemical formulation, known as silorane. To this end, shrinkage stress development during curing, gel point, and coefficient of near linear fit of contraction stress/time were evaluated after polymerizing the material with 10 different curing regimes. Shrinkage stress varied between 1.4 MPa after a 10-second curing in a pulsed regime to 4.4 MPa after curing for 40 seconds with a high energy curing unit, Bluephase. Pearson correlation analysis showed that with respect to the tested curing units, shrinkage stress correlated significantly with energy density (0.89), irradiance (0.70), curing time (0.51), coefficient of near linear fit of contraction (0.70), and gel point (-0.60). Silorane exhibited low shrinkage stress values in comparison to regular methacrylate composites. Nevertheless, stress due to thermal contraction when the light exposure ended was not negligible-but could be reduced by applying the appropriate curing strategy.
Tangible design support system using RFID technology (2008)

We introduce a tangible design support system using RFID technology. This system allows users to design their houses on their own through tangible objects. Building a new house is a big project for many people, and everyone dreams about freely designing their own house. However, in general, it is difficult to realize this without architectural knowledge and a high level of computing skills. Our system employs tangible user interfaces for a user who has limited or no knowledge to design a new house and investigate the design. For example, the user can design room layout by paving the design table with special tiles and customize the room's properties such as wall, floor, or even furniture by placing miniatures on the table. Through this design process, the user can identify crucial design elements based on their preferences and make the right decision as well as allow an architect to understand the user's preferences.
Crystallization kinetics of poly(L-lactide-co-meso-lactide) (1996)

The crystallization kinetics of poly(L-lactide-co-meso-lactide) were determined over a range of 0% to 9% mesolactide. The kinetics were fit to the nonlinear Avrami equation and then to the Hoffman–Lauritzen equation modified for optical copolymers. The theory was found to fit the data well. The crystallization half-time was found to increase about 40% for every 1 wt % meso-lactide in the polymerization mixture. The change in crystallization rate is driven mainly by the reduction in melting point for the copolymers. The copolymer crystallization kinetics were also determined in the presence of talc, a nucleating agent for polylactide. The theory again fit the data well, using the same growth parameters and accounting for the talc only through the nucleation density term. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Fabrication and optical properties of gold nanotube arrays (2008)

Arrays of gold nanotubes with polypyrrole cores were grown on glass substrates by electrodeposition into thin film porous alumina templates. Measurements of optical transmission revealed strong extinction peaks related to plasmonic resonances, which were sensitive to the polarization state and angle of incidence. On prolonging the electrodeposition of gold, the polypyrrole core became fully encapsulated and this had a dramatic effect on the optical properties of the arrays, which was rationalized by finite element simulation of the local field intensities resulting from plasmon excitation.
Molecular Biology of the Cell Cycle (1986)

Genes and cDNA clones have been identified in animal cells that are cell cycle-regulated, i.e. they are preferentially expressed in a phase of the cell cycle. Some of these genes, including four oncogenes, are induced when G0 cells are stimulated to proliferate. Four approaches are described to identify the genes that regulate the transition of cells from a resting to a growing stage. The interrelationship among cell cycle-regulated genes, oncogenes, growth factors and receptors for growth factors points the way to a genetic dissection of cell cycle progression.
Control of final seed and organ size by the <i>DA1</i> gene family in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2008)

Although the size of an organism is a defining feature, little is known about the mechanisms that set the final size of organs and whole organisms. Here we describe Arabidopsis DA1, encoding a predicted ubiquitin receptor, which sets final seed and organ size by restricting the period of cell proliferation. The mutant protein encoded by the da1-1 allele has a negative activity toward DA1 and a DA1-related (DAR) protein, and overexpression of a da1-1 cDNA dramatically increases seed and organ size of wild-type plants, identifying this small gene family as important regulators of seed and organ size in plants.
Pertussis Toxin Enhances Proenkephalin Synthesis in Bovine Chromaffin Cells (1993)

The synthesis of the neuropeptide precursor proenkephalin was measured in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells following radiolabeling with [35S]methionine. Treatment of chromaffin cells with pertussis toxin (100 ng/ml) approximately doubled proenkephalin synthesis without altering total protein synthesis. Pertussis toxin pretreatment also increased proenkephalin synthesis in chromaffin cells exposed to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). Combinations of IBMX plus nicotine, VIP, or histamine also synergistically enhanced proenkephalin synthesis, with no further elevation when the cells were also pretreated with pertussis toxin. The action of forskolin, a direct activator of adenylate cyclase, on proenkephalin synthesis was similarly potentiated by pertussis toxin or IBMX, presumably reflecting the abilities of both the toxin and this phosphodiesterase inhibitor to enhance the cyclic AMP response to forskolin. In contrast, increased synthesis of proenkephalin in response to phorbol esters was not affected by pertussis toxin treatment. These results suggest that pertussis toxin potentiates proenkephalin synthesis primarily through inactivation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase, although other signaling pathways may also be involved.
DsbA and DsbC Affect Extracellular Enzyme Formation in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2001)

DsbA and DsbC proteins involved in the periplasmic formation of disulfide bonds in Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified and shown to play an important role for the formation of extracellular enzymes. Mutants deficient in either dsbA or dsbC or both genes were constructed, and extracellular elastase, alkaline phosphatase, and lipase activities were determined. The dsbA mutant no longer produced these enzymes, whereas the lipase activity was doubled in the dsbC mutant. Also, extracellar lipase production was severely reduced in a P. aeruginosa dsbA mutant in which an inactive DsbA variant carrying the mutation C34S was expressed. Even when the lipase gene lipA was constitutively expressed in trans in a lipA dsbA double mutant, lipase activity in cell extracts and culture supernatants was still reduced to about 25%. Interestingly, the presence of dithiothreitol in the growth medium completely inhibited the formation of extracellular lipase whereas the addition of dithiothreitol to a cell-free culture supernatant did not affect lipase activity. We conclude that the correct formation of the disulfide bond catalyzed in vivo by DsbA is necessary to stabilize periplasmic lipase. Such a stabilization is the prerequisite for efficient secretion using the type II pathway.
Research Note: Anatomical Location of Application influences the Tenderizing Effectiveness of Electrical Stimulation of Broiler Carcasses (1992)

In each of two trials, 45 male broilers were slaughtered by conventional methods. Fifteen carcasses per trial received high voltage electrical stimulation (820 V, 340 mA; 2 s on and 1 s off for five pulses) applied to the cervical region of the neck. Fifteen carcasses received this same stimulation applied to the clavicular region of the breast, and 15 carcasses were unstimulated controls. Breast fillets (Pectoralis superficialis) were harvested at 1.25 h post mortem, aged for 23 h, cooked, and evaluated for Allo-Kramer shear value. Anatomical location of electrical stimulation application significantly improved the effectiveness of the treatment in improving the tenderness of early-harvested fillets. Application of the stimulation at the neck resulted in meat with a mean shear value (8.6 kg/g of meat) similar to that of controls (8.3 kg/g of meat), whereas stimulation to the breast resulted in meat with a significantly decreased shear value (6.3 kg/g of meat). When compared with the control and the neck application treatments, stimulation to the breast yielded more carcasses having meat with shear values below the toughness threshold of 8 kg/g of meat.
An Integrated Architecture for Automatic Indication, Avoidance and Profiling of Kernel Rootkit Attacks (2014)

The objective of this project is to mitigate or eliminate threats of kernel rootkits against production computer systems. The main goal of this research is the development of an integrated, virtualization-based architecture for automatic indication, avoidance and profiling of kernel rootkit attacks while maintaining non-stop production system operation. Under this architecture, a production system (running as a virtual machine or VM) executes at full speed under normal circumstances, while the proposed architecture watches out for the first sign of a kernel rootkit attack and indicates the attack right before it strikes. In response, the production VM "splits" into two copies: one is the same production VM running uninterrupted and without the negative impact of the rootkit; while the other one is a live profiling VM which will generate a multi-aspect profile of the kernel rootkit. Moreover, the profile will guide the generation of a variety of kernel attack defense techniques, which will be applied back to the production system and shield it from future rootkit attacks.
Continuous formation and faceting of SiGe islands on Si(100) (2003)

The multiscale mechanisms leading to the formation of faceted quantum dot (QD) islands during Si1−xGex/Si(100) heteroepitaxy were studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. The entire evolution from an initial morphological instability of the strained alloy to final {105} faceted pyramidal QD islands is continuous. Shallow mounds, generated by the alloy instability, are bounded by alternating (100) terraces and single-layer steps. Growth of the mounds in height without lateral expansion drives a continuous increase in mound slope and step density up to a critical angle of about 6°. Kinetic constraints then force the nucleation of small {105} protofacets, which expand and ultimately coalesce to form the {105} facets bounding pyramidal QD islands.