gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A simple strategy for the creation of a recombinant lectin microarray (2008)

Glycomics, i.e. the high-throughput analysis of carbohydrates, has yet to reach the level of ease and import of its counterparts, genomics and proteomics, due to the difficulties inherent in carbohydrate analysis. The advent of lectin microarray technology addresses many of these problems, providing a straightforward approach for glycomic analysis. However, current microarrays are limited to the available lectin set, which consists mainly of plant lectins isolated from natural sources. These lectins have inherent problems including inconsistent activity and availability. Also, many plant lectins are glycosylated, complicating glycomic evaluation of complex samples, which may contain carbohydrate-binding proteins. The creation of a recombinant, well-defined lectin set would resolve many of these issues. Herein, we describe an efficient strategy for the systematic creation of recombinant lectins for use in microarray technology. We present a small panel of simple-to-purify bacterially-derived lectins that show reliable activity and define their binding specificities by both carbohydrate microarray and ELISA. We utilize this panel to create a recombinant lectin microarray that is able to distinguish glycopatterns for both proteins and cell samples. This work opens the door to the establishment of a vast set of defined lectins via high-throughout approaches, advancing lectin microarray technology for glycomic analysis.
Expression of the Plasmodial <i>pfmdr1</i> Gene in Mammalian Cells Is Associated with Increased Susceptibility to Chloroquine (1994)

Chloroquine (CQ)-resistant (CQR) Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites show a strong decrease in CQ accumulation in comparison with chloroquine-sensitive parasites. Controversy exists over the role of the plasmodial pfmdr1 gene in the CQR phenotype. pfmdr1 is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette transporters. Other members of this family are the mammalian multidrug resistance genes and the CFTR gene. We have expressed the pfmdr1-encoded protein, Pgh1, in CHO cells and Xenopus oocytes. CHO cells expressing the Pgh1 protein demonstrated an increased, verapamil-insensitive susceptibility to CQ. Conversely, no increase in drug susceptibility to primaquine, quinine, adriamycin, or colchicine was observed in Pgh1-expressing cells. CQ uptake experiments revealed an increased, ATP-dependent accumulation of CQ in Pgh1-expressing cells over the level in nonexpressing control cells. The increased CQ accumulation in Pgh1-expressing cells coincided with an enhanced in vivo inhibition of lysosomal alpha-galactosidase by CQ. CHO cells expressing Pgh1 carrying two of the CQR-associated Pgh1 amino acid changes (S1034C and N1042D) did not display an increased CQ sensitivity. Immunofluorescence experiments revealed an intracellular localization of both mutant and wild-type forms of Pgh1. We conclude from our results that wild-type Pgh1 protein can mediate an increased intracellular accumulation of CQ and that this function is impaired in CQR-associated mutant forms of the protein. We speculate that the Pgh1 protein plays an important role in CQ import in CQ-sensitive malaria parasites.
Quintuple-layer epitaxy of thin films of topological insulator Bi2Se3 (2009)

Atomically smooth, single crystalline Bi2Se3 thin films were prepared on Si(111) by molecular beam epitaxy. Scanning tunneling microscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, x-ray photoelectron emission spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the stoichiometry and crystallinity of the film. The films grow in a self-organized quintuple layer by quintuple-layer mode, and atomically smooth films can be obtained, with controllable thickness down to one quintuple layer (∼1 nm).
Noncovalent titania wrapping of single-walled carbon nanotubes for environmentally stable transparent conductive thin films (2010)

We present a simple process for the fabrication of high performance transparent conducting films that contain single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) noncovalently coated with an ultrathin titania layer. The hydrophobic interactions between nanotube surfaces and the acetylacetone (acac) ligands used to stabilize the TiO2 precursor provide an interesting alternative method for noncovalently coating the SWCNTs with a titania layer. The ultrathin titania layer on SWCNTs prevented the oxidation of functionalized SWCNTs at high temperatures, and protected against water molecule absorption. Moreover, the uniform and thin titania layer, formed via hydrophobic interactions, promoted the selective removal of amorphous carbonaceous materials upon heating to 300 °C as well as withdrawing electrons from the nanotubes. The noncovalent titania coating of the SWCNTs may potentially exhibit other interesting physical properties relevant to applications such as transparent conducting films, photo-catalysis, and sensor electrodes.
Atopic eczema: role of microorganisms on the skin surface (1992)

The pathophysiology of atopic eczema (AE) is still poorly understood. One possible concept favors IgE-mediated reactivity towards allergens that enter the skin from the outside or through the blood. Microorganisms of the cutaneous flora also might represent a stimulus for allergic skin reactions. Abnormal bacterial skin colonization is a characteristic feature of AE. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most common pathogen. Binding to host cells involves special receptors, such as fibronectin or laminin. Specific IgE antibodies to S. aureus can be detected in the blood. Whereas the clinical relevance of anti-staphylococcal antibodies is still controversial, specific IgE antibodies to Pityrosporum species as well as positive type I prick test reactions to these yeasts seem to correlate with the intensity of eczematous lesions in the head and neck regions of patients with AE. Both antimicrobial and antifungal treatment has been shown helpful in some cases of AE.
Targeted Disruption of the Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Gene Results in Early Postnatal Death Associated with Dysfunction of Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism (2001)

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a hormone belonging to the glucagon superfamily of hormones. These hormones are known to play important roles in metabolism and growth. PACAP is a neuropeptide that causes accumulation of cAMP in a number of tissues and affects the secretion of other hormones, vasodilation, neural and immune functions, as well as the cell cycle. To determine whether PACAP is essential for survival and to evaluate its function(s), we have generated mice lacking the PACAP gene via homologous recombination. We found that most PACAP null mice died in the second postnatal week in a wasted state with microvesicular fat accumulation in liver, skeletal muscle, and heart. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that fatty acid beta-oxidation in liver mitochondria of PACAP(-/-) mice was not blocked based on the distribution of 3-hydroxy-fatty acids (C6-16) in the plasma. Instead, increased metabolic flux through the beta-oxidation pathway was suggested by the presence of ketosis. Also, serum triglycerides and cholesterol were significantly higher (2- to 3-fold) in PACAP null mice than littermates. In the fed state, both serum insulin and blood glucose were normal in 5-d-old null mice compared with their littermates. In contrast, fasted PACAP null pups had a significant increase in insulin, but a decrease in blood glucose compared with littermates. Glycogen in the liver was reduced. These results suggest PACAP is a critical hormonal regulator of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.
Magnetic Properties of Ba-Zn-System W-Type Hexagonal Ferrite Magnets (1993)

Ba-Zn system W-type hexagonal ferrite magnets were prepared by a new manufacturing method in which BaO was added after semisintering treatment, and without atmosphere control. This process was found to be very useful in stabilizing the W-type hexagonal structure. The optimum conditions for making magnets, and some properties of typical specimens, are as follows: chemical analysis Ba <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1.092</sub> Zn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1.725</sub> -Fe <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2+</sup> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.410</sub> Fe <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15.848</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">27</sub> ; semisintering conditions 1275°C×1.0 hr in air; sintering conditions 1225°C×0.5 hr in air; magnetic and physical properties J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> =0.405 T, J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> =0.364 T, H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">cJ</sub> =86.0 kA/m, H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">cB</sub> =82.0 kA/m, (BH) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> =18.5 kJ/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</sub> =330°C, H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</sub> =987.0 kA/m, K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</sub> =1.87×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> J/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , and n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> =33.7μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> .
Intramolecular cyclopropanation: stereospecific synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acids (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular cyclopropanation: stereospecific synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acidsAri M. P. Koskinen and Luis MunozCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 4, 879–886Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00056a020RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views833Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Transient spectra and primary processes in the flash photolysis of CH3SSCH3, CH3SCH3, CH3SH and C2H5SH (1970)

From direct observation of the CH3, CH3S, CH2S and S2 produced in the flash photolysis of CH3SSCH3(∼1950 Å) it was concluded that the primary processes are : [graphic ommitted] The relative degree of S—S to C—S bond scission was recorded as ∼1.35. The stability of CH3S and the instability of CH3SS are consistent with statistical partitioning of the excess energy. From the independence of the CH3S and CH3 on total pressure in the ∼1950 Å flash photolysis of CH3SCH3, it was concluded that the primary process is predominantly CH3SCH3+hν→CH3+CH3S. The stability of the generated CH3S is consistent with the statistical energy partitioning. By assuming equal yields of CH3 and CH3S radicals, the oscillator strength of the CH3S band at 2185 Å was 1.3(±0.2)× 10–3. Two primary processes were identified in the ∼1950 Å flash photolysis of CH3SH, [graphic ommitted] and the relative degree of C—S to S—H bond cleavage was 1:1.7. It was suggested that in this case the excited CH3SH finds a configuration in which the S—H potential is repulsive more rapidly than the rate at which the energy is partitioned. To account for the pressure dependent formation of CH3 and CH2S in the ∼1950 Å flash photolysis of C2H5SH, and also the independence of CH2S on added nitric oxide, the primary processes [graphic ommitted] were postulated.
2-step Variable Valve Actuation: System Optimization and Integration on an SI Engine (2006)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">2-step variable valve actuation using early-intake valve closing is a strategy for high fuel economy on spark-ignited gasoline engines. Two discrete valve-lift profiles are used with continuously variable cam phasing. 2-step VVA systems are attractive because of their low cost/benefit, relative simplicity, and ease-of-packaging on new and existing engines.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">A 2-step VVA system was designed and integrated on a 4-valve-per-cylinder 4.2L line-6 engine. Simulation tools were used to develop valve lift profiles for high fuel economy and low NOx emissions. The intake lift profiles had equal lift for both valves and were designed for high airflow &amp; residual capacity in order to minimize valvetrain switching during the EPA drive cycle. It was determined that an enhanced combustion system was needed to maximize fuel economy benefit with the selected valve lift profiles. A flow-efficient chamber mask was developed to increase in-cylinder tumble motion and combustion rates.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">A 2-step valvetrain mechanism was developed that features hydraulically-actuated switchable rocker arms and hydraulic lash adjusters (Type II valvetrain). The rocker arm is a dual-roller, single-slider design for compact packaging and low friction. The engine management system was modified for control and calibration of 2-step VVA, and to realize the full fuel economy potential of the system.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Dynamometer tests on a multicylinder engine indicated a 6.9 percent fuel economy benefit relative to the production engine with exhaust cam phasing alone on the EPA city cycle. Combustion enhancement significantly contributed to the overall fuel economy benefit. Vehicle tests showed less fuel economy improvement than steady state dynamometer tests due, in part, to cam phaser control limitations. For warmed-up Phase 3 EPA tests (cycles 19-23), a 5.5% improvement was measured with 46% reduction in NOx. For the whole EPA city test including cold start, a 4.8% improvement was measured. Further improvements in vehicle fuel economy are expected with refinement in transient control and calibration.</div>
[Retracted] An Improved Orbit Model of Space Target Radar Based on Least Square Method and Its Program Implementation (2022)

Space target orbit determination module is an important component of the space target surveillance radar system. The development of this module requires very complex aerospace dynamics knowledge, which brings great difficulties to nonorbit mechanics researchers engaged in radar system design. Orbit improvement is a core content of orbit determination, and it is a necessary step to achieve high‐precision orbit calculations. To this end, this paper focuses on the issue of batch processing orbit improvement of space target surveillance radar, introduces the principle of least‐squares orbit improvement, the partial derivative of the model, and the main perturbation acceleration calculation methods, and gives the program design principle and implements the RadarOrbDet library. The developed library is compared and analyzed with STK and ODTK software, and the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the library. The library is also helpful for designers of space target surveillance radar systems to carry out a rapid demonstration of orbit determination indicators.
On Optimizing the Transient Load of Variable-Speed Wind Energy Conversion System During the MPP Tracking Process (2014)

In order to increase the annual energy yield of a variable-speed wind energy conversion system (WECS), maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control is required at below the rated wind speed. However, the only aspect that has been paid attention to by most of the researchers is the way to accelerate the MPPT speed. In fact, the research of this paper finds out that the faster the MPPT speed is, the larger transient load the turbine shaft bears. Thus, attempts are first made to find out the relationship between the MPPT speed and the transient load through quantity analysis. Then, a principle to choose a proper bandwidth of the MPPT system is given out to optimize the transient load. Furthermore, to ensure that the system can track the varying winds at the designed bandwidth, the design details on how to make the MPPT bandwidth constant are also proposed in this paper. Finally, a 1.2-kW variable-speed WECS, which is based on a permanent-magnet synchronous generator, is established in the laboratory. Theoretical analysis is verified by experimental results performed by it.
Cybervolontariat : un concept et des actions (2017)

L’avenement des nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) a ouvert des horizons nouveaux, mais pose egalement un certain nombre de defis aux societes humaines. Vaste plateforme de communication et d’expression, Internet a un impact sur les comportements sociaux des personnes et des communautes. Avec l’introduction du World Wide Web, de nouvelles formes de benevolat/volontariat ont vu le jour au detriment d’autres formes d’engagement. L’objectif de cet article est de cerner ces nouvelles formes d’entraide regroupees sous le terme « cybervolontariat ». Le but est de construire un cadre de reference grâce auquel le lecteur sera mieux en mesure de comprendre le role et l’influence de ce phenomene social tant sur la vie en ligne et hors ligne, et de considerer l’evolution de cette dynamique avec l’avenement des reseaux sociaux, notamment dans des contextes ou un simple usage du web n’est pas possible, mais ou il est necessaire de developper des strategies basees sur de multiples moyens de communication.
Array of perforated dielectric resonator antennas (2004)

An array of dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) elements is formed by perforating a dielectric substrate with a lattice of holes. The performance of a small prototype array designed at 25 GHz was investigated. Measured results agree with theoretical values based on an array fabricated using conventional DRA. This technique of fabricating DRA using perforations eliminates the need to position and bond individual elements in an array.
The fractal nature of 1-step highly-branched rigid rodlike macromolecules and their gelled-network progenies (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe fractal nature of 1-step highly-branched rigid rodlike macromolecules and their gelled-network progeniesS. M. Aharoni, N. S. Murthy, K. Zero, and S. F. EdwardsCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 9, 2533–2549Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00211a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00211a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views280Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase (RT) genotypic patterns and treatment characteristics associated with the K65R RT mutation (2006)

The K65R mutation may emerge preferentially in the absence of zidovudine and TAMs, suggesting the possibility of an antagonistic interaction between K65 and TAMs.
[On various trends in the search for protective compounds with the aid of model experiments]. (1960)

The results are given of experiments on the protection of B. coli phage Ph-1 from gamma -ray inactivation with the aid of derivatives of uracil and barbituric acid. An opinion is set forth on the mechanism of the protective effect of chemical compounds and inferences are given on the protective action being dependent upon the nature of substitutes in the side chain and on the character of position of substituting groups in the pyrimidine ring. (auth)