gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Composite-Antenna-Structure for Broadband Frequency (2013)

We study a composite-antenna-structure (CAS) having high electrical and mechanical performances that we have designed and fabricated. The CAS, consisting of a glass/epoxy face sheet and a honeycomb core, acts as a basic mechanical structure, in which a spiral antenna type is embedded. To increase the intensity, a carbon fiber plate is used as a bottom sheet. This structure of the 0.5 ~ 2 GHz band has a gain of 5 ~ 9 dBi with circular polarization characteristics and reflection loss below -10 dB within the desired frequency band.
RECOMBINATION AND SHAKE-UP IN DOPED QUANTUM WELLS (1987)

Polarization mixing observed in the luminescence spectra from n-doped quantum wells is explained by the many- electron processes involved in light emission.
Equation of State for Multi-Functional Energetic Structural Materials (2007)

Current investigations of multi-functional energetic structural materials (MESM) involve shock-induced and shock-assisted chemical reactions, in which complex physical processes are only elucidated by computational models of gas-gun experiments at the present time. The equation of state (EOS) is the one of the most important parts of the constitutive models incorporated into models that describe the processes in shock-induced and shockassisted chemical reactions. Implementation of current methods typically require many simplifying assumptions in the mixture rules. In this paper, two new EOS algorithms are proposed that i) can be used to physically interpret both homobaric and uniform strain assumptions, ii) do not require mixture averaged EOS parameters, and iii) do not have any restrictions on the form of constituent EOS or pore collapse model. Advantages of the proposed algorithms are discussed and comparisons are made with other mixture averaging methods. To demonstrate their use, a gas-gun experiment is simulated for a material with 2Al+Fe2O3 + 20 wt.% Epon828 + voids. The conservation equations and momentum balance are integrated in Eulerian coordinates using a second order finite volume scheme.
Efficient Task-Specific Data Valuation for Nearest Neighbor Algorithms (2019)

Given a data set $\mathcal{D}$ containing millions of data points and a data consumer who is willing to pay for \$$X$ to train a machine learning (ML) model over $\mathcal{D}$, how should we distribute this \$$X$ to each data point to reflect its "value"? In this paper, we define the "relative value of data" via the Shapley value, as it uniquely possesses properties with appealing real-world interpretations, such as fairness, rationality and decentralizability. For general, bounded utility functions, the Shapley value is known to be challenging to compute: to get Shapley values for all $N$ data points, it requires $O(2^N)$ model evaluations for exact computation and $O(N\log N)$ for $(ε, δ)$-approximation. In this paper, we focus on one popular family of ML models relying on $K$-nearest neighbors ($K$NN). The most surprising result is that for unweighted $K$NN classifiers and regressors, the Shapley value of all $N$ data points can be computed, exactly, in $O(N\log N)$ time -- an exponential improvement on computational complexity! Moreover, for $(ε, δ)$-approximation, we are able to develop an algorithm based on Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH) with only sublinear complexity $O(N^{h(ε,K)}\log N)$ when $ε$ is not too small and $K$ is not too large. We empirically evaluate our algorithms on up to $10$ million data points and even our exact algorithm is up to three orders of magnitude faster than the baseline approximation algorithm. The LSH-based approximation algorithm can accelerate the value calculation process even further. We then extend our algorithms to other scenarios such as (1) weighed $K$NN classifiers, (2) different data points are clustered by different data curators, and (3) there are data analysts providing computation who also requires proper valuation.
Telemetric monitoring of 24 h intraocular pressure in conscious and freely moving C57BL/6J and CBA/CaJ mice. (2008)

Distinct change patterns of 24 h IOP appeared in these two mouse strains. Although mean IOP during the dark period was significantly higher than the light period in both strains, the magnitudes of light-dark IOP elevation differed. The 24 h IOP change pattern can be driven endogenously in the absence of light.
GABA<sub>A</sub>Receptor α1 Subunit Deletion Prevents Developmental Changes of Inhibitory Synaptic Currents in Cerebellar Neurons (2001)

Developmental changes in miniature IPSC (mIPSC) kinetics have been demonstrated previously in cerebellar neurons in rodents. We report that these kinetic changes in mice are determined primarily by developmental changes in GABA(A) receptor subunit expression. mIPSCs were studied by whole-cell recordings in cerebellar slices, prepared from postnatal day 11 (P11) and P35 mice. Similar to reports in granule neurons, wild-type cerebellar stellate neuron mIPSCs at P11 had slow decay kinetics, whereas P35 mIPSCs decayed five times faster. When mIPSCs in cerebellar stellate neurons were compared between wild-type (+/+) and GABA(A) receptor alpha1 subunit-deficient (-/-) littermates at P35, we observed dramatically slower mIPSC decay rates in -/- animals. We took advantage of the greater potency of imidazopyridines for GABA current potentiation with alpha1 subunit-containing receptors to characterize the relative contribution of alpha1 subunits in native receptors on inhibitory synapses of cerebellar granule neurons. Zolpidem-induced prolongation of mIPSC decay was variable among distinct cells, but it increased during development in wild-type mice. Similarly, Zolpidem prolongation of mIPSC decay rate was significantly greater in adult +/+ mice than in knock-outs. We propose that an increased alpha1 subunit assembly in postsynaptic receptors of cerebellar inhibitory synapses is responsible for the fast inhibitory synaptic currents that are normally observed during postnatal development.
Disease Development in Ethylene-Insensitive<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>Infected with Virulent and Avirulent<i>Pseudomonas</i>and<i>Xanthomonas</i>Pathogens (1992)

The plant hormone ethylene has been hypothesized to play roles both in disease resistance and in disease susceptibility. These processes were examined by using isogenic virulent and avirulent bacterial pathogens and mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana that were altered in ethylene physiology. Ethylene-insensitive ein1 and ein2 mutants of Arabidopsis were resistant to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato made avirulent by the addition of the cloned avirulence genes avrRpt2, avrRpm1, or avrB; this suggests that ethylene is not required for active resistance against avirulent bacteria. In a second set of experiments, susceptibility was monitored with virulent P. s. pv. tomato, P. s. pv. maculicola, or Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris strains. Wild-type Arabidopsis and ein1 mutants were susceptible to these strains, but ein2 mutants developed only minimal disease symptoms. Despite these reduced symptoms, virulent P. s. pv. tomato grew extensively within ein2 leaves. The Pseudomonas phytotoxin coronatine induces ethylene biosynthesis and diseaselike symptoms on many plant species, but the reduced symptomology of ein2 mutants could not be attributed to insensitivity to coronatine. The enhanced disease tolerance of ein2 plants suggests that ethylene may mediate pathogen-induced damage, but the absence of tolerance in ein1 mutants has yet to be explained.
Regulatory mechanism of erythropoietin production: effects of hypoxemia and hypercarbia. (1981)

The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to define the relationship between erythropoietin (Ep) production and some of the coincident variables which control oxygen delivery in hypoxic and hypoxic-hypercarbic rats (2) to define the mechanism whereby hypercarbia suppresses Ep production in hypoxemic rats. Rats were exposed to O2 concentrations ranging from 5% to 9% O2 for either 3 or 16 h. Arterial whole blood pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, p50 and Ep levels were measured in each rat. There was a highly significant inverse correlation between both the arterial pO2 and O2 saturation and the Ep level. Ep levels were not increased above normal if the pO2 was greater than 50 mm Hg or the O2 saturation was greater than 80%. The addition of 5% CO2 to all inhaled gas mixtures was associated with a 10 mm Hg increment in the pO2 together with a marked reduction in plasma Ep levels. Of the measured variables only the pO2 and O2 saturation showed a consistent correlation with the Ep levels when rats exposed to hypoxia were compared with rats exposed to hypoxia + CO2.
Configurations of a Flow Injection System for Perfusion Studies of Adherent Cells (1995)

This paper describes three configurations of a flow injection apparatus designed to be the fluidic drive for perfusion studies of cultured adherent cells. The apparatus was coupled to a flow-through perfusion chamber that was specifically designed for live cell perfusion using fluorescence microscopy as the detector. The instrument consists of two linear syringe pumps and a multiposition selector valve which, under computer control, allowed sequential injection, fluid switching, and flow injection to be performed with minimal system reconfiguration. When the apparatus is coupled to a dual inlet perfusion chamber, target cells can be exposed to very steep reagent pulses, while the traditional single inlet perfusion chamber allows more flexibility and provides a more gradual increase in reagent concentration. The most significant salient feature of the system is the ability to generate very steep pulses--a desirable feature for cell perfusion studies.
New Fast Algorithms for Arithmetic on Elliptic Curves over Fields of Characteristic Three. (2007)

In this paper we propose new formulae and algorithms for arithmetic on ordinary elliptic curve with a point of order 3 over finite field of characteristic three, by which the cost of a point multiplication on the curves decreases about 10~20% .
REUSE OF TREATED EFFLUENT AS COOLING TOWER MAKEUP AT AN INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX IN PUERTO RICO (2001)

REUSE OF TREATED EFFLUENT AS COOLING TOWER MAKEUP AT AN INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX IN PUERTO RICOWater conservation and reuse opportunities were sought at DuPont's industrial complex in Puerto Rico due to production increases along with water supply and site discharge flow restrictions. A major renovation and upgrade of its wastewater treatment (WWT) system provided an opportunity to explore effluent recycle alternatives. A water survey and site water balance was completed in 1998....Author(s)Kenneth N. WoodFaustino CintronKenneth J. KozelskiShun Kwok TseGary E. GeigerJames P. KriznerSourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 3-- Industrial Issues 1Document typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2001ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20010101)2001:6L.182;1-DOI10.2175/193864701784291721Volume / Issue2001 / 6Content sourceWEFTEC Latin AmericaFirst / last page(s)182 - 192Copyright2001Word count212
Rospeex: A cloud robotics platform for human-robot spoken dialogues (2015)

To build conversational robots, roboticists are required to have deep knowledge of both robotics and spoken dialogue systems. Although they can use existing cloud services that were built for other services, e.g., voice search, it will be difficult to share robotics-specific speech corpora obtained as server logs, because they will get buried in non-robotics-related logs. Building a cloud platform especially for the robotics community will benefit not only individual robot developers but also the robotics community since we can share the log corpus collected by it. This is challenging because we need to build a wide variety of functionalities ranging from a stable cloud platform to high-quality multilingual speech recognition and synthesis engines. In this paper, we propose “rospeex,” which is a cloud robotics platform for multilingual spoken dialogues with robots. We analyze the logs we have collected by operating rospeex for more than a year. Our key contribution lies in building a cloud robotics platform and allowing the robotics community to use it without payment or authentication.
The proinflammatory and hypercoagulable state of diabetes mellitus. (2005)

The diabetic population is at high risk for development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease. Approximately 80% of these patients die from a thrombotic cause, with CVD complications being involved in 75% of those. The mechanisms involved in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the diabetic population are multifactorial, including hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance, ultimately leading to endothelial dysfunction and accelerated atherogenesis. Thus, diabetes has become a CAD risk equivalent. Early and aggressive intervention in treating risk factors may reduce the risk of developing diabetes and may prevent CVD in patients with established diabetes.
Synthesis of Amino Sugars by Reduction of Hydrazine Derivatives; D- and L-Ribosamine, D-Lyxosamine<sup>1-3</sup> (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Amino Sugars by Reduction of Hydrazine Derivatives; D- and L-Ribosamine, D-Lyxosamine1-3M. L. Wolfrom, F. Shafizadeh, R. K. Armstrong, and T. M. Shen HanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 14, 3716–3719Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01523a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01523a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views265Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Surface photografting polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc), maleic anhydride (MAH), and their charge transfer complex (CTC). III. VAc(3) (2001)

Abstract Vinyl acetate (VAc) was grafted onto low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) substrates by UV irradiation with benzophenone (BP) as the photoinitiator. BP preabsorbed film samples and BP precoated film samples were prepared in advance and applied as the substrates onto which VAc was photografted, together with the method in which BP was dissolved in VAc directly. In addition, the efficiency of the polymerizations applying the preirradiation technology was examined. The conversion percent, grafting percent, and grafting efficiency were determined by a gravimetric method. The contact angles of the grafted films against water were also measured. The results show that BP preabsorbing and precoating were favorable to grafting polymerization, especially the BP precoating method, which was due to its simple operation and the ease of controlling the amount of BP. The diffusion of BP and VAc through the substrates proved to be an important factor for grafting polymerization. Through UV irradiation, dormant groups can be introduced onto LDPE film, which may be activated again by UV irradiation or by heating, leading to the formation of free radicals. Grafting polymerization can be initiated during the activation process in the presence of monomer. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1426–1433, 2001
Visual Usability Design of Financial Personal Assistant Application (2017)

One of the personal assistant applications that began to bloom in use is a financial personal assistant application. It is an application that can address financial management issues that are often experienced by young people. Development of financial personal assistant application also needs to be considered in terms of its user interface. To design user interfaces on interactive mobile applications with users, a designer must focus on the user experience to make the app attractive and functioning properly. This research combines Kansei Engineering, Data Mining and Personas approach to develop the affective and emotional design on user interface of the financial personal assistant application.
Kaderpolitik und zentrale Planbürokratie in der SBZ/DDR (1945–1961) (1999)

Mit dem sowjetischen Modell verfügte der Staatssozialismus in der SBZ/DDR über eine vergleichsweise geschlossene, konsistente und explizite Politikkonzeption. Wurde diese auch nicht unmittelbar nach dem Ende des Kriegs in vollem Umfang in die Wirklichkeit umgesetzt, so war das „sowjetische Programm“ doch — ungeachtet aller divergierenden und widerstreitenden Einflüsse, ungeachtet aller Konfusionen, Schwankungen, pragmatisch motivierten Zögerlichkeiten, Kompromiß- und Pazifizierungstaktiken — sehr bald präsent und von Anbeginn „perspektivisch“ handlungsleitend.
Oxidized low‐density lipoprotein and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol modulate coronary arterial remodeling: An intravascular ultrasound study (2003)

Oxidized LDL and HDL-C were associated with arterial remodeling in de novo atherosclerotic lesions.
In Vitro and Bactericidal Activities of ABT-492, a Novel Fluoroquinolone, against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Organisms (2004)

In vitro activities of ABT-492, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, trovafloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, and gemifloxacin were compared. ABT-492 was more potent against quinolone-susceptible and -resistant gram-positive organisms, had activity similar to that of ciprofloxacin against certain members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, and had comparable activity against quinolone-susceptible, nonfermentative, gram-negative organisms. Bactericidal activity of ABT-492 was also evaluated.
The Arabidopsis Putative G Protein–Coupled Receptor GCR1 Interacts with the G Protein α Subunit GPA1 and Regulates Abscisic Acid Signaling (2004)

Heterotrimeric G proteins composed of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits link ligand perception by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with downstream effectors, providing a ubiquitous signaling mechanism in eukaryotes. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes single prototypical Galpha (GPA1) and Gbeta (AGB1) subunits, and two probable Ggamma subunits (AGG1 and AGG2). One Arabidopsis gene, GCR1, encodes a protein with significant sequence similarity to nonplant GPCRs and a predicted 7-transmembrane domain structure characteristic of GPCRs. However, whether GCR1 actually interacts with GPA1 was unknown. We demonstrate by in vitro pull-down assays, by yeast split-ubiquitin assays, and by coimmunoprecipitation from plant tissue that GCR1 and GPA1 are indeed physically coupled. GCR1-GPA1 interaction depends on intracellular domains of GCR1. gcr1 T-DNA insertional mutants exhibit hypersensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) in assays of root growth, gene regulation, and stomatal response. gcr1 guard cells are also hypersensitive to the lipid metabolite, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which is a transducer of the ABA signal upstream of GPA1. Because gpa1 mutants exhibit insensitivity in aspects of guard cell ABA and S1P responses, whereas gcr1 mutants exhibit hypersensitivity, GCR1 may act as a negative regulator of GPA1-mediated ABA responses in guard cells.
A fish oil diet rich in eicosapentaenoic acid reduces cyclooxygenase metabolites, and suppresses lupus in MRL-lpr mice. (1985)

Dietary supplementation of fish oil as the exclusive source of lipid suppresses autoimmune lupus in MRL-lpr mice. This marine oil diet decreases the lymphoid hyperplasia regulated by the lpr gene, prevents an increase in macrophage surface Ia expression, reduces the formation of circulating retroviral gp70 immune complexes, delays the onset of renal disease, and prolongs survival. We show that a fatty acid component uniquely present in fish oil but not in vegetable oil decreases the quantity of dienoic prostaglandin E, thromboxane B, and prostacyclin normally synthesized by multiple tissues, including kidney, lung, and macrophages, and promotes the synthesis of small amounts of trienoic prostaglandin in autoimmune mice. We suggest that this change in endogenous cyclooxygenase metabolite synthesis directly suppresses immunologic and/or inflammatory mediators of murine lupus.
Study of the quasi-saturation effect in VDMOS transistors (1986)

The quasi-saturation effect in VDMOS transistors is studied in detail. It is shown that such behavior is due to carrier velocity saturation in the JFET region of the device. Two-dimensional numerical simulation is carried out to study the quasi-saturation effect and its relation to different device design parameters. Experimental results over a wide range of voltage and current levels are used to verify calculated dc characteristics. In addition, the design constraint on p-body spacing in order to avoid the quasi-saturation effect is defined.
Bioengineered bacteria-derived outer membrane vesicles as a versatile antigen display platform for tumor vaccination via Plug-and-Display technology (2021)

An effective tumor vaccine vector that can rapidly display neoantigens is urgently needed. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can strongly activate the innate immune system and are qualified as immunoadjuvants. Here, we describe a versatile OMV-based vaccine platform to elicit a specific anti-tumor immune response via specifically presenting antigens onto OMV surface. We first display tumor antigens on the OMVs surface by fusing with ClyA protein, and then simplify the antigen display process by employing a Plug-and-Display system comprising the tag/catcher protein pairs. OMVs decorated with different protein catchers can simultaneously display multiple, distinct tumor antigens to elicit a synergistic antitumour immune response. In addition, the bioengineered OMVs loaded with different tumor antigens can abrogate lung melanoma metastasis and inhibit subcutaneous colorectal cancer growth. The ability of the bioengineered OMV-based platform to rapidly and simultaneously display antigens may facilitate the development of these agents for personalized tumour vaccines.
Performance Study of an ATM Self‐Routing Multistage Switch with Bursty Traffic: Simulation and Analytic Approximation (1993)

Abstract An N x N self‐routing multistage switching network with bursty and uniform traffic, which is composed of S x 5 switching elements with output queueing and has K = log S N stages, is considered in this paper. The input traffic is modelled by a two‐state (active/silent) Markov chain. Each arriving cell selects one of the N outlets as its destination independently and with equal probability I/ N. The performance of the switching network is studied by means of a simulation method. An approximate traffic model of a four‐state Markov chain is proposed to characterize the cell arrival processes to further stages and its related switching element performance is analyzed. Comparison with the simulation results shows that the proposed traffic model gives a good approximation, which implies that the performance of the switching element mainly depends on the first two moments of the active and silent periods and is not sensitive to the shapes of their distributions. The influence of bursty traffic on the performance of the switching network is discussed and illustrated by some numerical examples. The impact of traffic randomization on the performance of the switching network is also investigated.