gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analyzing spatially-varying blur (2010)

Blur is caused by a pixel receiving light from multiple scene points, and in many cases, such as object motion, the induced blur varies spatially across the image plane. However, the seemingly straight-forward task of estimating spatially-varying blur from a single image has proved hard to accomplish reliably. This work considers such blur and makes two contributions: a local blur cue that measures the likelihood of a small neighborhood being blurred by a candidate blur kernel; and an algorithm that, given an image, simultaneously selects a motion blur kernel and segments the region that it affects. The methods are shown to perform well on a diversity of images.
Close-range hyperspectral imaging for geological field studies: workflow and methods (2012)

Close-range hyperspectral imaging is a new method for geological research, in which imaging spectrometry is applied from the ground, allowing the mineralogy and lithology in near-vertical cliff sections to be studied in detail. Contemporary outcrop studies often make use of photorealistic three-dimensional (3D) models, derived from terrestrial laser scanning (lidar), that facilitate geological interpretation of geometric features. Hyperspectral imaging provides complementary geochemical information that can be combined with lidar models, enhancing quantitative and qualitative analyses. This article describes a complete workflow for applying close-range hyperspectral imaging, from planning the optimal scan conditions and data acquisition, through pre-processing the hyperspectral imagery and spectral mapping, integration with lidar photorealistic 3D models, and analysis of the geological results. Pre-processing of the hyperspectral images involves the reduction of scanner artefacts and image discontinuities, as well as relative reflectance calibration using empirical line correction, based on two calibrated reflection targets. Signal-to-noise ratios better than 70:1 are achieved for materials with 50% reflectance. The lidar-based models are textured with products such as hyperspectral classification maps. Examples from carbonate and siliciclastic geological environments are presented, with results showing that spectrally similar material, such as different dolomite types or sandstone and siltstone, can be distinguished and spectrally mapped. This workflow offers a novel and flexible technique for applications, in which a close-range instrument setup is required and the spatial distribution of minerals or chemical variations is valuable.
Endothelial von Willebrand factor regulates angiogenesis (2010)

The regulation of blood vessel formation is of fundamental importance to many physiological processes, and angiogenesis is a major area for novel therapeutic approaches to diseases from ischemia to cancer. A poorly understood clinical manifestation of pathological angiogenesis is angiodysplasia, vascular malformations that cause severe gastrointestinal bleeding. Angiodysplasia can be associated with von Willebrand disease (VWD), the most common bleeding disorder in man. VWD is caused by a defect or deficiency in von Willebrand factor (VWF), a glycoprotein essential for normal hemostasis that is involved in inflammation. We hypothesized that VWF regulates angiogenesis. Inhibition of VWF expression by short interfering RNA (siRNA) in endothelial cells (ECs) caused increased in vitro angiogenesis and increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2 (VEGFR-2)-dependent proliferation and migration, coupled to decreased integrin αvβ3 levels and increased angiopoietin (Ang)-2 release. ECs expanded from blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells of VWD patients confirmed these results. Finally, 2 different approaches, in situ and in vivo, showed increased vascularization in VWF-deficient mice. We therefore identify a new function of VWF in ECs, which confirms VWF as a protein with multiple vascular roles and defines a novel link between hemostasis and angiogenesis. These results may have important consequences for the management of VWD, with potential therapeutic implications for vascular diseases.
Polyamine metabolites and conjugates in man and higher animals: a review of the literature. (1980)

The current state of knowledge of the metabolic fate of the di- and polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine is reviewed. Acetylated, oxidized, and protein-bound polyamines are found to be widely distributed in man and animals. The importance of understanding the roles of these compounds in health and disease is now recognized and is currently the subject of active research.
Automatic Tuning, Simplified Circuits, and Design Practice (1937)

The principles underlying automatic frequency control of the oscillator in superheterodyne receivers have been outlined in previous papers given before the Institute of Radio Engineers. This paper deals with simplification and improvements in operation of frequency control circuits and their application to automatic (electronic) tuning control. A new type of "discriminator" which differentiates between mis-tuned signals on the high-frequency side of resonance and those on the low-frequency side is described and its operation demonstrated by means of a visual frequency indicator. The operation of the discriminator is such that it may be used to supply audio-frequency components corresponding to the amplitude modulations of the received carrier wave and automatic volume control potentials as well as the control voltage for the frequency control circuits. This multifunction is described and illustrated. Alternative circuit connections to improve the compromise between discriminator sensitivity, audio fidelity, and selectivity are explained and illustrated. The use of vacuum tubes in such manner that they act as reactive components and the manner in which their apparent reactive impedance may be controlled by varying the tube parameters is demonstrated. The action of a complete receiver embodying automatic (electronic) tuning control in overcoming mis-tuning and oscillator frequency drift will be demonstrated.
Liquid crystal cells with built-in CdSe nanotubes for chromogenic smart emission devices (2008)

A simple and general approach for controlling optical anisotropy of nanostructured semiconductors is reported. Our design involves the fabrication of liquid crystal devices with built-in semiconductor nanotubes. Quite interestingly, it is found that semiconductor nanotubes can be well aligned along the orientation of liquid crystals molecules automatically, resulting in a very large emission anisotropy with the degree of polarization up to 72%. This intriguing result manifests a way to obtain well aligned semiconductor nanotubes and the emission anisotropy can be easily manipulated by an external bias. The ability to well control the emission anisotropy should open up new opportunities for nanostructured semiconductors, including optical filters, polarized light emitting diodes, flat panel displays, and many other chromogenic smart devices.
Amino-acid zwitterion equilibria: vibrational and nuclear magnetic resonance studies of methyl-substituted thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acids (1986)

Infrared and Raman spectra (4000–100 cm −1 ) of solid samples of six different methyl substituted thiazolidine products of D-penicillamine and L-cysteine hydrochloride have been observed and assigned. Infrared spectra in D 2 O solutions have been obtained for comparison in order to study the amino-acid zwitterion equilibria. Proton and 13 C nmr spectra for the compounds have also been measured.
Block-copolymer assisted synthesis of arrays of metal nanoparticles and their catalytic activities for the growth of SWNTs (2006)

Block copolymer micellar templates were used for the controlled synthesis of large arrays of mono-metallic (Fe, Co, Ni, Mo) and bi-metallic (Fe–Mo) nanoparticles with average diameters ranging from 1 to 4 nm and the distance between the nanoparticles ranging from 40 to 45 nm. XPS data reveal the presence of mono-metallic nanoparticles in their oxidized states. These uniform arrays of nanoparticles serve as an excellent tool to investigate the catalytic effect of different metal/metal oxide nanoparticles for the growth of carbon nanotubes, and in this work, they were used to investigate the growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes with the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) process, using both ethanol and hydrocarbon (methane + ethylene) gases as carbon sources. The periodicity and the arrangement of nanoparticles were unaffected even at high growth temperatures, indicating that nanoparticle agglomeration on the Si substrate does not take place during growth. AFM and SEM results reveal uniform growth of nanotubes with diameters smaller than the initial size of the catalyst nanoparticles. The Fe, Co and Ni nanoparticles all serve as effective catalysts for nanotube growth with both types of carbon feed stock, and Co and Ni give rise to a relatively higher yield than Fe. The catalytic activity of Fe and bi-metallic Fe–Mo nanoparticles of similar size and identical densities using ethanol CVD are also compared.
[Validation of a method to inactivate fentanyl in the used devices of Durogesic]. (2000)

A recent literature study has shown that after 3 days of use of a transdermic patch of fentanyl (Durogésic(R)), there was such an amount of drug remaining that may make its excessive use possible. First of all, we have developed a fentanyl assay by a spectrophotometric method and then, the remaining amount of fentanyl was determined in 29 used patches. This study has shown that a mean of 22% of fentanyl remained in the used patches, each original content astounded. Then, we have determined an easy and feasible method in a chemist's shop allowing inactivation of fentanyl in the used patches and so preventing its diversion.
Single-single gravitational-wave captures in globular clusters: Eccentric deci-Hertz sources observable by DECIGO and Tian-Qin (2020)

We study the formation rate of binary black hole mergers formed through gravitational-wave emission between unbound, single black holes in globular clusters. While the formation of these binaries in very dense systems such as galactic nuclei has been well studied, we show here that this process can operate in lower-density stellar systems as well, forming binaries at a rate similar to other proposed pathways for creating eccentric mergers. Recent advances in post-Newtonian cluster dynamics indicate that a large fraction of dynamically assembled binary black holes merge inside their host clusters during weak and strong binary-single and binary-binary interactions, and that these systems may retain measurable eccentricities as they travel through the LIGO and LISA sensitivity bands. Using an analytic approach to modeling binary black holes from globular clusters, we show that the formation of merging binaries from previously unbound black holes can operate at a similar rate to mergers forming during strong binary encounters, and that these binaries inhabit a unique region of the gravitational-wave frequency space which can be identified by proposed deci-Hertz space-based detectors.
The Teaching of Intonation Accuracy for Students above the Elementary Level: An Area of Emphasis in Applied Violin Instruction (2003)

The importance of playing with good intonation has been emphasised in many violin treatises and teaching manuals (Flesch, 1930/ 2000; Galamian, 1985; Gerle, 1985; Mozart, 1756/ 1978; Yang, 1997). The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate ways in which applied violin teachers could assist students above the elementary level to improve their intonation. A case study, utilising lesson observations, informal interviews and available printed materials, was conducted to investigate strategies and factors contributing to effective applied violin instruction of three violin master teachers in Sydney: Professor Shi-Xiang Zhang, Goetz Richter and Janet Davies. Grounded theory procedures were used to elicit many facets that influenced effective applied violin instruction. Accuracy of intonation was identified as one of the major areas of emphasis in the curricular decisions employed by the master teachers. Results demonstrate that playing with good intonation could be instilled into students if appropriate teaching strategies were used. It was observed that methods used to improve accuracy of intonation differ for each master teacher. Methods included matching the notes played on the violin with that of a piano, checking the tuning with the open strings, suggesting the use of recording equipment during practice sessions, supplementing the chordal harmony on the piano and acquisition of the correct sensation of finger actions whilst visualising the exact finger position. Implications of the master teachers' strategies for string teachers are discussed.
OpenCable Architecture (1999)

From the Publisher:
OpenCable Architecture by Michael Adams is the Winner of the 2001 Cable Center Book Award!

Learn how to bring digital TV, data, and interactivity to the television.


Examine the new architectures being developed by the cable industry as part of the OpenCable initiativeReview the recent history of interactive TV, including the Time Warner Full Service Network and Pegasus programUnderstand the concepts of hybrid fiber coax architectureLearn how the cable TV industry is evolving with converging with the data networking industry


The cable industry is in the midst of a revolution. Existing cable systems that were engineered for broadcast television are being called on to support a host of new applications and services which require upgrading those cable systems to high-speed, two-way communications networks. OpenCable Architecture is the first book to focus on this new technology, answering many questions and describing how the components of an OpenCable network interconnect.

Written by one of the primary architects of the OpenCable initiative, this book explains key concepts in practical terms. It describes the digital headend, optical transport, distribution hub, hybrid-fiber coax, and set-top terminal equipment and how these componenets are interconnected.

Whether you're a television, data communications, or telecommunications professional, or an interested layperson, OpenCable Architecture will help you understand the technical and business issues surrounding interactive television services. It will provide you with an inside look at the combined efforts of the cable, data, and consumerelectronics industries to develop those new services.
Identification of loci in <i>Arabidopsis</i> that confer resistance to geminivirus infection (1994)

The infection of susceptible plant hosts by single-stranded DNA viruses in the geminivirus group depends on the interaction of host and viral factors for the replication of viral DNA, the expression of viral genes, and the movement of virus throughout the plant. This paper reports that two strains of the geminivirus, beet curly top virus (BCTV) differ in their ability to infect certain ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana. Symptoms appeared on susceptible plants approximately 2-3 weeks after inoculation with BCTV-Logan and after 10-15 days with BCTV-CFH. Symptoms were more severe in BCTV-CFH-infected plants and included leaf curling, the formation of stunted, deformed inflorescence structures and the accumulation of anthocyanin pigments in symptomatic tissues. Analysis of viral DNA accumulation indicated that symptom development and severity were correlated with the amount of viral DNA present in the plants. Viral DNA was undetectable in two ecotypes that were phenotypically resistant to BCTV-Logan. Studies of viral DNA replication in excised inflorescence pieces demonstrated that BCTV-Logan could replicate in tissues from these resistant ecotypes, suggesting that resistance was due to a block in viral movement. Genetic studies of these two ecotypes indicate that resistance is due to a single, recessive locus. This is the first example of a single resistance locus to any geminivirus. The identification of resistant and susceptible interactions between different BCTV strains and A. thaliana ecotypes provides an excellent model system for the genetic and molecular analysis of the interaction of a plant host with this important group of plant pathogens.
Strengthening long-lasting insecticidal nets effectiveness monitoring using retrospective analysis of cross-sectional, population-based surveys across sub-Saharan Africa (2018)

Bed nets averted 68% of malaria cases in Africa between 2000 and 2015. However, concerns over insecticide resistance, bed net durability and the effectiveness of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) are growing. To assess the effectiveness of LLINs of different ages and insecticides against malaria, we conducted a population-based, cross-sectional study using data from 162,963 children younger than 5 years of age participating in 33 Demographic and Health and Malaria Indicator Surveys conducted in 21 countries between 2009 and 2016. We used Bayesian logistic regression to estimate associations between LLIN age, insecticide type, and malaria. Children sleeping under LLINs the previous night experienced 21% lower odds of malaria infection than children who did not (odds ratio [OR] 0.79; 95% Uncertainty Interval [UI] 0.76-0.82). Nets less than one year of age exhibited the strongest protective effect (OR 0.75; 95% UI 0.72-0.79), and protection weakened as net age increased. LLINs containing different insecticides exhibited similar protection (OR<sub>deltamethrin</sub> 0.78 [0.75-0.82]; OR<sub>permethrin</sub> 0.79 [0.75-0.83]; OR<sub>alphacypermethrin</sub> 0.85 [0.76-0.94]). Freely-available, population-based surveys can enhance and guide current entomological monitoring amid concerns of insecticide resistance and bed net durability, and be used with locally-collected data to support decisions on LLIN redistribution campaign timing which insecticide to use.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disease (2018)

Eukaryotic cells contain an elegant protein quality control system that is crucial in maintaining cellular homeostasis; however, dysfunction of this system results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Severe or prolonged ER stress is associated with the development of degenerative and fibrotic disorders in multiple organs, as evidenced by the identification of disease-causing mutations in epithelial-restricted genes that lead to protein misfolding or mistrafficking in familial fibrotic diseases. Emerging evidence implicates ER stress and UPR signaling in a variety of profibrotic mechanisms in individual cell types. In epithelial cells, ER stress can induce apoptosis, inflammatory signaling, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In other cell types, ER stress is linked to myofibroblast activation, macrophage polarization, and T cell differentiation. ER stress-targeted therapies have begun to emerge using approaches that range from global enhancement of chaperone function to selective targeting of activated ER stress sensors and other downstream mediators. As the complex regulatory mechanisms of this system are further clarified, there are opportunities to develop new disease-modifying therapeutic strategies in a wide range of chronic fibrotic diseases.
Research Review and Prospect of the Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (2011)

The ocean is a huge energy depot,and each country in the world dedicate to the exploitation and utilization of ocean energy.Especially the ocean thermal energy conversion(OTEC)is concerned.In this paper,the way of power cycle and the influence of the working fluid characteristics on the cycle were analyzed emphatically based on the predominance and the development review of the OTEC domestic and overseas.Improvement of the net efficiency of the cycle is urgent because of lower thermal energy conversion efficiency for low-grade energy.Therefore,the measures to improve the net efficiency of the OTEC power cycle were discussed.Moreover the development prospects of the ocean thermal energy technologies were forecasted.
Role of Boundary Layer Diffusion in Vapor Deposition Growth of Chalcogenide Nanosheets: The Case of GeS (2012)

We report a synthesis of single-crystalline two-dimensional GeS nanosheets using vapor deposition processes and show that the growth behavior of the nanosheet is substantially different from those of other nanomaterials and thin films grown by vapor depositions. The nanosheet growth is subject to strong influences of the diffusion of source materials through the boundary layer of gas flows. This boundary layer diffusion is found to be the rate-determining step of the growth under typical experimental conditions, evidenced by a substantial dependence of the nanosheet's size on diffusion fluxes. We also find that high-quality GeS nanosheets can grow only in the diffusion-limited regime, as the crystalline quality substantially deteriorates when the rate-determining step is changed away from the boundary layer diffusion. We establish a simple model to analyze the diffusion dynamics in experiments. Our analysis uncovers an intuitive correlation of diffusion flux with the partial pressure of source materials, the flow rate of carrier gas, and the total pressure in the synthetic setup. The observed significant role of boundary layer diffusions in the growth is unique for nanosheets. It may be correlated with the high growth rate of GeS nanosheets, ~3-5 μm/min, which is 1 order of magnitude higher than other nanomaterials (such as nanowires) and thin films. This fundamental understanding of the effect of boundary layer diffusions may generally apply to other chalcogenide nanosheets that can grow rapidly. It can provide useful guidance for the development of general paradigms to control the synthesis of nanosheets.
Siloxyaluminate Polymers with High Li<sup>+</sup> Ion Conductivity (1997)

A series of highly conducting lithium siloxyaluminate polymers containing ethylene oxide side chains were prepared. Conductivities of the order of 10-5 S cm-1 at 25 °C were obtained. The materials were shown to be predominantly Li+ ion conductors.
Arylation of dialkyl sulfides and of aryl alkyl sulfides to provide sulfonium salts (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTArylation of dialkyl sulfides and of aryl alkyl sulfides to provide sulfonium saltsBill J. McBride, Michael E. Garst, and Mark HopkinsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 10, 1824–1825Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00184a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00184a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts