gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrokinetic Measurements on Stainless Steel Capillaries (1959)

Electrokinetic potentials of stainless steel in , , and solutions have been measured by the streaming current technique. Negative zeta potentials are obtained in and in low acid concentrations. Isoelectric acid concentrations occur between 10−4 and 10−3 N. At higher concentrations positive potentials are obtained. adsorbs irreversibly at its isoelectric concentration of 10−3M as evidenced by the inability of water washing to return the sample to its original negative zeta potential.
Delivery Management System Based on Vehicles Monitoring and a Machine-Learning Mechanism (2018)

The continuously growing online shopping is increasing the number of attended home deliveries. The last-mile delivery plays an important role in online shopping satisfaction and especially for food deliveries. This paper focuses on food delivery retailers and particularly investigates the possibility to enhance deliveries using information and data knowledge. In fact, in addition to optimize and to share delivery routes, delivery vehicles could be monitored in order to always maintain shortest delivery delays. We propose in this paper a delivery management architecture targeting these principles. This system is composed of several core mechanisms that should keep delivery delays to a minimum while maintaining low service times. A proof-of-concept of this delivery management system has been developed using Electric Scooters, smartphones and several algorithms. It demonstrates how this architecture could work in a food delivery scenario.
Diagnostic and clinical significance of Crohn’s disease-specific pancreatic anti-GP2 and anti-CUZD1 antibodies (2015)

PAB testing increases ASCA's serological sensitivity for CrD. Anti-GP2 detection, in isolation or in combination with ASCA, stratify CrD patients who phenotypically are characterised by a much younger onset of disease, extensive and stricturing behaviour.
Distributed model predictive control of synchronous machines for stabilizing microgrids (2017)

In this paper, we revisit the role of excitation control in small microgrids. In normal operation, excitation control is designed to stabilize and regulate voltage and frequency in response to intermittent renewable resources (PVs and loads). Its role remains the same when microgrid gets disconnected and is in islanded/abnormal condition. Today's constant gain exciters need new control logic in order to operate in both normal/abnormal conditions. In this paper, we propose a new model predictive approach to nonlinear excitation control. Provable stabilization and enhanced performance with given operational and physical limits are illustrated on a small microgrid.
High Levels of Antibody that Neutralize B-cell Infection of Epstein–Barr Virus and that Bind EBV gp350 Are Associated with a Lower Risk of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (2016)

Elevated titers of EBV-neutralizing antibody and anti-gp350 antibody were low-risk biomarkers for NPC. These data suggest that a vaccine that induces potent EBV gp350 and B-cell-neutralizing antibodies could reduce the risk of EBV-related cancers such as NPC. Clin Cancer Res; 22(14); 3451-7. ©2016 AACR.
SAM : A 7-DOF portable arm exoskeleton with local joint control (2008)

This paper presents the development of SAM, the Sensoric Arm Master, a 7-DOF portable exoskeleton with integrated actuation and sensors. Local joint control is implemented to improve performances of the device. Some experiments have been conducted with the system to show the functionality of the exoskeleton device linked to a virtual reality.
Salvage anterior C1-C2 screw fixation and arthrodesis through the lateral approach in a patient with a symptomatic pseudoarthrosis. (1997)

On occasions when the posterior approach to the upper cervical spine is not feasible, the options provided by a lateral exposure can be invaluable. A case of a nonunited posterior fusion between C1 and C2, with a free-floating posterior C1 arch due to nonhealing of a previous intraoperative C1 ring fracture, is presented to illustrate this point. This 28-year-old man underwent screw fixation between the first and second cervical vertebrae, supplemented with autogenous iliac crest cancellous bone graft, via the lateral approach of Whitesides. The patient's symptoms subsequently resolved, and radiographic evaluation 3 months after the procedure revealed a solid fusion.
Use of NMR for measurement of total body water and estimation of body fat (1986)

A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method is described for quantitatively measuring total body water (TBW) and for estimating the fat content of baboons. The hydrogen associated with water was measured as the amplitude of the free-induction decay voltage following a series of 90 degree radio frequency pulses at the Lamour frequency for hydrogen with a pulse length of 14 microseconds and a peak measuring time of 50 microseconds. TBW was calculated by multiplying the peak amplitude (volts) by the experimentally determined constant for a water standard (g water/V). This NMR method yielded TBW contents similar to those obtained in the same baboons by direct gravimetric procedures. In contrast, the widely used 3H2O-dilution method usually and variably overestimated body water. By providing an accurate measure of body water, this NMR procedure provides a rapid, noninvasive, reasonably accurate way of estimating body fat content.
From Zeolite to Host-Guest Nanocomposite Materials (2011)

In nature, zeolites as aluminosilicate members of the family of microporous solids are often formed where volcanic rock of specific chemical composition is immersed in water so as to leach away some of the components. Zeolites are known as molecular sieves. They have many useful applications such as: ion exchange technology, filtering, odor removal, chemical sieve and gas absorption tasks but the most well known use for zeolites is in water filtration applications. In a typical example, Figure 1 presents a cubic structure of zeolite Y with 3D system of channels.
Transition Metal Catalysts (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Synthetic Avenues for Producing Metal Loaded Organic Resins Reactions Utilizing Transition Metal Catalysts Supported on Organic Resins Commercial Interest in Transition Metal Catalysts Conclusions and Future Outlook Acknowledgments References
Modeling and solving diagnosis of discrete-event systems via satisfiability (2007)

The diagnosis of a discrete-event system is finding out whether the behavior of the system is normal or faulty, given observations of this behavior. We show how the diagnosis problems can be translated into the propositional satisfiability problem (SAT) and then solved by the state-of-the-art SAT algorithms. Our experiments demonstrate that the SAT algorithms are able to deal with the problems, which are hard for traditional diagnosis algorithms.
AQUILA: an equivalence checking system for large sequential designs (2000)

In this paper, we present a practical method for verifying the functional equivalence of two synchronous sequential designs. This tool is based on our earlier framework that uses Automatic Test Pattern Generation (ATPG) techniques for verification. By exploring the structural similarity between the two designs under verification, the complexity can be reduced substantially. We enhance our framework by three innovative features. First, we develop a local BDD-based technique which constructs Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) in terms of some internal signals, for identifying equivalent signal pairs. Second, we incorporate a technique called partial justification to explore not only combinational similarity, but also sequential similarity. This is particularly important when the two designs have a different number of flip-flops. Third, we extend our gate-to-gate equivalence checker for RTL-to-gate verification. Two major issues are considered in this extension: (1) how to model and utilize the external don't care information for verification; and (2) how to extract a subset of unreachable states to speed up the verification process. Compared with existing approaches based on symbolic Finite State Machine (FSM) traversal techniques, our approach is less vulnerable to the memory explosion problem and, therefore, is more suitable for a lot of real-life designs. Experimental results of verifying designs with hundreds of flip-flops will be presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
Real-time indoor autonomous vehicle test environment (2008)

To investigate and develop unmanned vehicle systems technologies for autonomous multiagent mission platforms, we are using an indoor multivehicle testbed called real-time indoor autonomous vehicle test environment (RAVEN) to study long-duration multivehicle missions in a controlled environment. Normally, demonstrations of multivehicle coordination and control technologies require that multiple human operators simultaneously manage flight hardware, navigation, control, and vehicle tasking. However, RAVEN simplifies all of these issues to allow researchers to focus, if desired, on the algorithms associated with high-level tasks. Alternatively, RAVEN provides a facility for testing low-level control algorithms on both fixed- and rotary-wing aerial platforms. RAVEN is also being used to analyze and implement techniques for embedding the fleet and vehicle health state (for instance, vehicle failures, refueling, and maintenance) into UAV mission planning. These characteristics facilitate the rapid prototyping of new vehicle configurations and algorithms without requiring a redesign of the vehicle hardware. This article describes the main components and architecture of RAVEN and presents recent flight test results illustrating the applications discussed above.
Fertility models for statistical natural language understanding (1997)

Several recent efforts in statistical natural language understanding (NLU) have focused on generating clumps of English words from semantic meaning concepts (Miller et al., 1995; Levin and Pieracini, 1995; Epstein et al., 1996; Epstein, 1996). This paper extends the IBM Machine Translation Group's concept of fertility (Brown et al., 1993) to the generation of clumps for natural language understanding. The basic underlying intuition is that a single concept may be expressed in English as many disjoint clump of words. We present two fertility models which attempt to capture this phenomenon. The first is a Poisson model which leads to appealing computational simplicity. The second is a general nonparametric fertility model. The general model's parameters are boot-strapped from the Poisson model and updated by the EM algorithm. These fertility models can be used to impose clump fertility structure on top of preexisting clump generation models. Here, we present results for adding fertility structure to unigram, bigram, and headword clump generation models on ARPA's Air Travel Information Service (ATIS) domain.
Efficacy of Immunosuppressive Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2011)

Most evidence relates to AZA/6-MP where there is no statistically significant benefit at inducing remission in active CD and UC. Thiopurine analogs may prevent relapse in quiescent UC and CD. However, there is a paucity of data for immunosuppressive therapy in IBD and more research is needed.
Room Temperature Copper‐Catalyzed 2‐Functionalization of Pyrrole Rings by a Three‐Component Coupling Reaction (2008)

Making rings: A new Cu-catalyzed three-component coupling reaction between 1-alkynes, sulfonyl azides, and pyrrole derivatives has been developed for making 2-functionalized pyrrole rings (see scheme). This CC bond formation offers high efficiency and selectivity, mild reaction conditions, and a wide substrate scope. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z705940_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Aristotle and Augustine (2017)

Abstract The unification of the theory of semiotics has been an ambition of the IASS-AIS since the First World Congress in 1974. In his Preface to the Proceedings, Umberto Eco set the participants with certain fundamental tasks, including “providing the discipline with a unified methodology and a unified objective.” At the Second Congress, however, the multitude of topics and approaches led to the prevailing question of the Closing Session: “Can Semiotics Be Unified?” By the Fifth Congress the organizers would claim that theoretical differences “served to strengthen rather than to divide.” This paper traces the origin of this disunity to the writings of Aristotle and their interpretation by late classical and medieval theologians. Received wisdom tells us that linguistic semiology forms a part of general semiotics – the part dealing with either linguistic or conventional signs. This paper overturns that view, demonstrating that (linguistic) relations of equivalence and (semiotic) relations of implication operate in perpendicular planes of semiosis, intersecting at the point of the thing itself. These two planes of semiosis exist as unconnected theories in Aristotle, but become conflated in Augustine. This paper resolves the relationship between semiotics and semiology and in doing so, provides a unified methodology and objective.
Same calculation efficiency but different internal noise for luminance- and contrast-modulated stimuli detection (2006)

There is no consensus on whether luminance-modulated (LM) and contrast-modulated (CM) stimuli are processed by common or separate mechanisms. To investigate this, the sensitivity variations to these stimuli are generally compared as a function of different parameters (e.g., sensitivity as a function of the spatial or temporal window sizes) and similar properties have been observed. The present study targets the sensitivity difference between LM and CM stimuli processing. Therefore, instead of studying the variation of sensitivity in different conditions, we propose to decompose the sensitivities in internal equivalent noise (IEN) and calculation efficiency (CE) to evaluate at which processing level the two mechanisms differ. For each stimulus type, the IEN and CE of four observers were evaluated using three different carriers (plaid, checkerboard, and binary noise). No significant CE differences were noted in all six conditions (3 carriers x 2 modulation types), but important differences were found between the IEN of the two stimulus types. These data support the hypothesis that the two pathways are initially separate and that the two stimuli may be treated by common mechanisms at a later processing stage. Based on ideal observer analysis, pre-rectification internal noise could explain the difference of IEN between LM and CM stimuli detection when using binary noise as a carrier but not when using a plaid or a checkerboard. We conclude that a suboptimal rectification process causes higher IEN for CM stimuli detection compared with LM stimuli detection and that the intrinsic noise of the binary carrier had a greater impact on the IEN than the suboptimal rectification.
Real-time three dimensional intracardiac echocardiography for guidance of cardiac interventional procedures (2002)

We have tested the feasibility of real-time three dimensional intracardiac echocardiography for guidance of interventional electrophysiology studies. We have constructed 2D array ultrasound transducers operating at 5MHz with 64 channels in a 12 F catheter, and of 137 channels in an 8 F catheter with a 12 F flexible interconnect. The system produces up to 60 3D scans per second and features real-time volume rendering. Using an open chest sheep model, we obtained real-time 3D images of anatomical landmarks, including the pulmonary veins and coronary sinus, which are of value in electrophysiological procedures.
Positive Selection for Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type-IB Promotes Differentiation and Specification of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Toward an Osteogenic Lineage (2014)

BMPR-IB(+) human ASCs have an enhanced ability to form bone both in vitro and in vivo. These data suggest that positive selection for BMPR-IB(+) and manipulation of the BMP pathway in these cells may yield a highly osteogenic subpopulation of cells for bone tissue engineering.
La quiebra de la sociedad tradicional en el Valle de Butrón (1991)

El Valle de Butron es probablemente una de las zonas mas tardias en cuanto a la articulacion de su
poblamiento medieval, lo que habra de repercutir a su vez en una organizacion economica y social arcaica.
La quiebra de la sociedad tradicional en el Valle de Butron supone, entre otras caracteristicas de
importancia, la consabida perdida de la propiedad campesina y el ascenso de un sector de la pequena
nobleza local que, a traves del acaparamiento de los organos de poder municipales, conseguiran hacer
disminuir la importancia del barrio como elemento de asociacion fundamental.
El presente articulo analiza someramente la trayectoria de algunas de estas pequenas familias: en
concreto los Menchaca, los Ansoleaga y los Mendieta, cuyas esferas de poder se mueven siempre en el ambito
local. Todos ellos se serviran del acaparamiento territorial propiciado por la crisis de finales del siglo XVIII para
introducirse en un claro proceso de promocion social.
Quedara practicamente intacta, sin embargo, la presencia de la gran nobleza en el vertice de la piramide
social. Los Butron, gracias al monopolio de los mas importantes centros economicos en la zona, sabran hacer
perdurar su predominio.
Clinical application of biological markers for treatments of resectable non-small-cell lung cancers (2005)

We performed a clinical study to identify biological markers useful for the treatment of resectable non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). In all, 173 patients were studied. By immunohistochemistry, we evaluated the Ki-67 proliferation index, tumour vascularity, thymidylate synthase (TS), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF-C, and E (epithelial)-cadherin. Concerning the survival of NSCLC patients, tumour vascularity (P<0.01), VEGF-A status (P=0.03), VEGF-C status (P=0.03), and E-cadherin status (P=0.03) were significant prognostic factors in patients with stage I NSCLCs. The Ki-67 proliferation index (P=0.02) and TS status (P<0.01) were significant prognostic factors in patients with stage II-III NSCLCs. In patients with stage II-III NSCLCs, furthermore, the survival of UFT (a combination of tegafur and uracil)-treated patients with TS-negative tumours was significantly better than those of any other patients. Biological markers associated with tumour angiogenesis or metastasis are useful for the detection of aggressive tumours among early-stage NSCLCs. Postoperative chemotherapy might be necessary in such tumours even in stage I. In contrast, tumour proliferation rate and TS status are useful markers for identifying less aggressive tumours in locally advanced NSCLCs. Thymidylate synthase expression is also a useful marker to evaluate responsiveness of UFT-based chemotherapy for these tumours.
In Situ Measurement of UV Fluence Rate Distribution by Use of a Micro Fluorescent Silica Detector (2011)

The fluence rate (FR) distribution in an ultraviolet (UV) reactor was determined experimentally in situ by use of a novel 360° micro fluorescent silica detector (MFSD). The UV response of the MFSD was systematically characterized, and the results indicated that this detector responded only to UV in the range from 210 to 280 nm. The nonlinearity was found to be less than 1% as the FR varied from 0.083 to 2110 μW/cm2. The luminescent signal increased by 0.11% for every degree increase in temperature in the studied range of 0-55 °C. FR distribution tests were performed in different media (air or water) with the water transmittance at either 95% or 85% determined in a 1-cm path length. The FR distribution of the near-lamp region (e.g., radius<50 mm) was well determined with the nearest distance to the sleeve being less than 3 mm. Comparisons were made between the experimental data and the calculations by use of the UVCalc model. This work demonstrates that the MFSD is a novel technique that can provide in situ and real-time measurements of the FR distribution in a UV reactor.
Photon correlation spectroscopy of liquid interfaces. I. Liquid-air interfaces (1979)

Photon correlation spectroscopy has been applied to the study of thermally excited capillary waves on a liquid surface. The technique of using a diffraction grating as a local oscillator has been refined for use with photon correlation; the combination has considerable advantages. Results for water compare favourably with the predictions of hydrodynamic theory over a wider range of surface wave-vector than hitherto examined. Data for glycerine agree with theoretical predictions based on a viscosity appropriate to about 1.5% absorbed water. A novel discussion of the dispersion equation of capillary waves on a liquid surface is presented.
Machine Fault Signature Analysis (2008)

The objective of this paper is to present recent developments in the field of machine fault signature analysis with particular regard to vibration analysis. The different types of faults that can be identified from the vibration signature analysis are, for example, gear fault, rolling contact bearing fault, journal bearing fault, flexible coupling faults, and electrical machine fault. It is not the intention of the authors to attempt to provide a detailed coverage of all the faults while detailed consideration is given to the subject of the rolling element bearing fault signature analysis.
A robust image watermarking algorithm based on non-uniform rectangular partition and DWT (2009)

It is more likely to prevent the watermark from JPEG-compression attack, when it is embedded into the low-frequency coefficients of DWT. However, embedding the watermark with the same intensity into them may distort the watermarked image to a large extent. To solve this problem, a novel robust image-watermark algorithm is proposed with the characteristics of selective embedding intensity based on the non-uniform partition. Meanwhile, as a balance for filtering attacks, the watermark bits are also embedded into the high-frequency coefficients which have a big magnitude. Besides, in order to increase the anti-cropping function and the security of the algorithm, Arnold Scrambling Algorithm is applied before the watermark is embedded. The results of the experiments have showed that this algorithm is robust against noising attack, filtering attack and cropping attack, especially the JPEG-compression attack and no obvious distortion appeared in the watermarked image.