gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Uniformity and stability of Nb-aSi-Nb "SNAP" Josephson tunnel junctions (1983)

We have examined the suitability of Nb-aSi-Nb tunnel junctions, patterned by the selective niobium anodization process (SNAP), for large scale integrated circuit applications. Using sputtered SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> as the SNAP anodization mask, the device area closely reproduces the mask area, with undercut < 50 nm, and no detectable perimeter effects. The critical current density increases with the radial distance from the center of the Si target, due to the quadratic decrease in the thickness of the sputtered Si barrier: at a distance of 1 cm, this increase is ∼ 10%. Arrays of 12 μm × 12 μm junctions have been fabricated with standard deviations of the critical current of ∼ 1%. These arrays have been thermally cycled between room temperature and 4.2 K over 600 times without change. Junctions can be annealed at 175°C for extended periods of time to increase the current density by up to ∼ 50% with no deterioration in junction quality.
Polarization control of vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers using a birefringent metal/dielectric polarizer loaded on top distributed Bragg reflector (1995)

A novel polarization control method using a birefringent metal/dielectric (semiconductor) polarizer has been proposed for the purpose of controlling the polarization state of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL's). The proposed structure provides a phase difference for two orthogonal polarization states, resulting in reasonably large reflectivity difference in two polarizations. We have experimentally demonstrated the polarization control InGaAs-GaAs VCSEL's while maintaining a low threshold current density of 660 A/cm/sup 2/. A predominant polarization state along the designed orientation is obtained up to two times the threshold.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS OF (D-ALA~)DELTORPHIN II, A HIGHLY (1990)

The present study has characterized the antinociceptive actions of (D- Ala2)deltorphin II following intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration in the mouse tail-flick test. (D-Ala2)deltorphin II produced dose- and time-related antinociception, with maximal effects at +10 min and significant antinociception which lasted for 40-60 rain. (D-Ala2)deltorphin II was 13-fold more potent than i.c.v. (D-Pen 2, D-PenS)enkephalin (DPDPE), a second highly selective 5 agonist, and approximately equipotent with i.c.v, morphine in producing antinociception. The antinociceptive effects of i.c.v. (D-Ala2)deltorphin II and DPDPE, but not those of morphine, were antagonized by the selective 5 antagonist, ICI 174,864. In contrast, pretreatment with the non-equilibrium t~ antagonist, 9- funaltrexamine blocked morphine antinociception, but failed to antagonize (D- Ala2)deltorphin II and DPDPE antinociception. These data indicate that (D- Ala2)deltorphin II produced its antinociceptive effects at a supraspinal 5 receptor. (D-Ala2)deltorphin II appears to be the most appropriate 5 opioid agonist currently available for studies in vivo and support the involvement of 5 receptors in supraspinal antinociception.
Home away from home (2019)

”Vi forsoger at skabe det tredje sted. Hvor man ikke er hjemme, man ikke er ude, men man er i en hjemlig setting uden for hjemmet”
North American regionalism (2018)

This chapter evaluates regionalism across North America, examining its history and contemporary debates. North American regionalism is characterized by its variegated nature: the number of real and imagined regional governance spaces across the continent is due to the different stakeholders that develop new governance spaces to meet specific needs. The chapter describes regionalism in and across all three countries but focuses on the United States. After describing how regionalist discourse evolved over the twentieth century, the chapter explains how regionalism is proposed to solve economic development, bureaucratic, and equity concerns. Canadian regionalism is contrasted to the US case, while supranational regionalism including free trade treaties and international urban regions are forming new regional spaces. The chapter concludes by describing the emerging future of North American regionalism. This includes the speculative planning for megaregional spaces, and a call to engage with the everyday regionalisms that individuals and communities experience.
DITC-direct instantaneous torque control of switched reluctance drives (2003)

This paper presents an online instantaneous torque control technique for switched reluctance machines called direct instantaneous torque control. The method comprises two novel aspects. First, torque is estimated as a function of terminal quantities, i.e., flux linkage and phase current. Hence, torque estimation is independent of the rotor position. Secondly, high-bandwidth drive performance is obtained by implementing a digital torque hysteresis controller. Thus, the method works without torque profile functions and auxiliary phase commutating strategies. Therefore, the control algorithm offers a wide drive operating range without the use of a high-resolution shaft position sensor or sensitive position estimation techniques. Experimental and simulation results are presented in this paper.
A framework for analysis of observer‐based ILC (2010)

Abstract A framework for iterative learning control (ILC) is proposed for the situation when an ILC algorithm uses an estimate of the controlled variable obtained from an observer‐based estimation procedure. Assuming that the ILC input converges to a bounded signal, a general expression for the asymptotic error of the controlled variable is given. The asymptotic error is exemplified by an ILC algorithm applied to a flexible two‐mass model of a robot joint. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Nonantibody-based recognition: alternative molecules for detection of pathogens (2006)

Immunoassays have been well established for many years as the cornerstone of detection technologies. These assays are sensitive, selective and, in general, highly resistant to interference from complex sample matrices when compared with nucleic acid-based tests. However, both antibody- and nucleic acid-based detection systems require a priori knowledge of the target and development of specific reagents; multiplexed assays can become increasingly problematic when attempting to detect a plethora of different targets, the identities of which are unknown. In an effort to circumvent many of the limitations inherent in these conventional assays, other recognition reagents are being explored as alternatives, or indeed as adjuncts, to antibodies for pathogen and toxin detection. This article will review a number of different recognition systems ranging in complexity from small molecules, such as nucleic-acid aptamers, carbohydrates and peptides, to systems as highly complicated as whole cells and organisms. All of these alternative systems have tremendous potential to achieve superior sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, but are also subject to their own limitations, which are also discussed. In short, while in its infancy, this field holds great promise for the development of rapid, fieldable assays that are highly complementary to existing antibody- and nucleic acid-based technologies.
Desulfurization by in situ hydrogen generation through water gas shift reaction (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesulfurization by in situ hydrogen generation through water gas shift reactionMeyyappan Kumar, Aydin Akgerman, and Rayford G. AnthonyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1984, 23, 1, 88–93Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200024a015https://doi.org/10.1021/i200024a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views121Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Modeling lossy anisotropic dielectric waveguides with the method of lines (1996)

This paper presents a new formulation useful for modeling waveguides constructed from lossy inhomogeneous anisotropic media. Our approach is based on a pair of Sturm-Liouville type wave equations that have been derived to handle inhomogeneous, diagonalized complex permittivity and permeability tensors. The method of lines is then applied to these wave equations, and related field equations, creating an indirect eigenvalue problem that correctly models this class of structure. Some refinements to the method of lines are also proposed, particularly, regarding the construction of the modal matrices found in the eigenvalue problem. Using our approach, modal dispersion curves have been computed for millimeter-wave and optical structures. Comparisons made with results available from the literature validate our approach.
Chemical synthesis and expression in yeast of a gene encoding connective tissue activating peptide-III. A novel approach for the facile assembly of a gene encoding a human platelet-derived mitogen. (1986)

A synthetic gene encoding the platelet-derived factor, connective tissue activating peptide-III (CTAP-III) (Castor, C.W., Miller, J.W., and Walz, D.A. (1983) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 80, 765-769), has been expressed and secreted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by using a yeast expression vector and an alpha-factor leader segment. Mitogenic activity reported for naturally derived CTAP-III has been demonstrated here for recombinant CTAP-III. Active CTAP-III has been purified to apparent homogeneity. Structural studies have confirmed its identity. A general approach for the facile synthesis of genes is presented which has permitted the assembly of the entire structural gene and flanking regions (280 base pairs) from 20 oligomers in a single annealing and ligation reaction pool.
pp60(c-src) is required for cell locomotion regulated by the hyaluronanreceptor RHAMM. (1996)

The tyrosine kinase pp60(c-src) has been implicated as a regulator of focal adhesion formation and cell spreading. Here we show that c-src also regulates cell motility and is a key component in the signaling pathway triggered by the motogenic hyaluronan receptor RHAMM, which has been shown to regulate focal adhesion turnover and to regulate ras. Fibroblasts derived from mice lacking src, (src (-/-)), have a random locomotion rate that is significantly slower than the corresponding wild-type fibroblasts. Cell locomotion in these mutant cells is restored by the expression of c-src containing a functional kinase domain, but not by the expression of a kinase-deficient src or by a truncated src containing only functional SH2 and SH3 domains. RHAMM is also required for the restoration of src (-/-) cell locomotion. Thus, the motility of cells expressing c-src is reduced to src (-/-) levels by anti-RHAMM blocking antibodies while the cell locomotion of src (-/-) fibroblasts remains unaffected by anti-RHAMM antibodies. We predict that src acts downstream of RHAMM in the regulation of motility, since the expression of a dominant negative src significantly inhibits RHAMM-dependent ras and serum regulated cell locomotion, the expression of v-src enhances cell motility in a RHAMM independent fashion, and there is a physical and functional assocation between src and RHAMM in ras-transformed cells. However, we suggest that RHAMM regulates focal adhesion turnover via additional src-independent mechanisms. Thus, v-src is unable to turnover focal adhesions in the absence of RHAMM. These results directly demonstrate for the first time a role for src in the regulation of cell locomotion and confirm a key and complex role for src in the regulation of the actin cycle.
Erratum: Direct Observation of Ferromagnetic Spin Polarization in Gold Nanoparticles [Phys. Rev. Lett.<b>93</b>, 116801 (2004)] (2006)

References [1,2] should have been included after Ref. [26], in which the observation of magnetism due to the charge transfer process from the gold substrate to the self-assembled monolayers of molecules has been reported.
Paintable and Rapidly Bondable Conductive Hydrogels as Therapeutic Cardiac Patches (2018)

In recent years, cardiac patches have been developed for the treatment of myocardial infarction. However, the fixation approaches onto the tissue through suture or phototriggered reaction inevitably cause new tissue damage. Herein, a paintable hydrogel is constructed based on Fe<sup>3+</sup> -triggered simultaneous polymerization of covalently linked pyrrole and dopamine in the hyperbranched chains where the in situ formed conductive polypyrrole also uniquely serves to crosslink network. This conductive and adhesive hydrogel can be conveniently painted as a patch onto the heart surface without adverse liquid leakage. The functional patch whose conductivity is equivalent to that of normal myocardium is strongly bonded to the beating heart within 4 weeks, accordingly efficiently boosting the transmission of electrophysiological signals. Eventually, the reconstruction of cardiac function and revascularization of the infarct myocardium are remarkably improved. The translatable suture-free strategy reported in this work is promising to address the human clinical challenges in cardiac tissue engineering.
A platform-independent API for quality of service management (2002)

The differentiated services approach to QoS in the Internet poses new challenges on the configuration and service provisioning side. The approach relies on an entity often referred to as a bandwidth broker. It configures the network elements so that guaranteed networking services are provided to customers. However, the DiffServ capable routers have a large variety of hardware configurations and different configuration interfaces (e.g. SNMP, CORBA, CLI). Therefore, we propose a QoS management API which is used by bandwidth broker implementations in order to configure the underlying routers. In our prototype we implemented a proprietary configuration interface to our Linux-based DiffServ router implementation.
Domain transform: A tool for imaging and interpreting geomorphology and stratigraphy in seismic volumes (2013)

The presence of complex structure on seismic data often makes it difficult to recognize and interpret depositional systems in the volume. A number of techniques, under the broad topic of chronostratigraphy, have been developed in recent years to address this problem and enable more complete imaging and interpretation of seismic geomorphology and stratigraphy. A “domain transform” (DT) is an interpretation-guided process designed to remove some or all structural deformation from a seismic volume. It improves the imaging of paleo-depositional systems by creating a volume that consists of approximations of paleo-depositional surfaces. Such volumes are ideal for imaging, analysis, and interpretation of seismic geomorphology and stratigraphy.
The San Francisco System at sixty: the Okinawa angle (2014)

The San Francisco Peace Treaty (SFPT), together with its associated security arrangements, significantly shaped the post-World War II order and laid the foundation for the structure of the Cold War confrontation in the Asia-Pacific. Expanded regional cooperation and interaction since the 1990's paved the way for notable confidence building measures (CBM's) among neighboring states at both government and non-government levels in East Asia. Historical experience suggests that it is extremely difficult to solve the conflicts derived from the post-war disposition of Japan bilaterally or through negotiations confined to the nations directly involved in the disputes. The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), where the Helsinki Accord was adopted, also developed into the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the world's largest security-oriented intergovern-mental organization. The chapter explores some ideas for the future resolution, particularly the tangible territorial problems between Japan and its neighbors.
Real-time scheduling for multimedia services using network delay estimation (1994)

A multimedia system combines audio, video, graphics, and text into one presentation. Each of these multimedia data types has distinct temporal characteristics. For example video has a specific number of frames that must be displayed per second. There are also temporal relationships that exist between the media. In a movie application, the audio and video streams must be synchronized to achieve a lip syncing effect. In our system, we manage these temporal requirements through the scheduling of the communication channel; multimedia data is retrieved across the network at the appropriate time so that temporal presentation requirements are met. This real-time scheduling forms a basis for the limited a priori (LAP) scheduler. The scheduler assumes that it knows enough about the system a priori to schedule the next period or limited portion of the presentation. By considering only one period at a time, the scheduler can adapt to dynamic user input or changing communication channel character...
<i>Gingko biloba</i>Extract (EGb 761) Attenuates the Focal Cerebral Ischemic Injury-Induced Decrease in Astrocytic Phosphoprotein PEA-15 Levels (2011)

EGb 761 is an extract of Gingko biloba that is neuroprotective against focal cerebral ischemic injury. PEA-15 (phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes 15) modulates cell proliferation and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated whether EGb 761 regulates the expression of PEA-15 and two phosphorylated forms of PEA-15 (Ser 104 and Ser 116) in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced injury. Adult male rats were treated with vehicle or EGb 761 (100 mg/kg) prior to MCAO and cerebral cortices were collected 24 h after MCAO. A reduction in expression of PEA-15 and its phosphorylated forms induced by MCAO injury was detected using a proteomic approach. EGb 761 pretreatment prevented the ischemic injury-induced decrease in PEA-15 expression. Western blot analysis demonstrated that EGb 761 attenuates the injury-induced reduction in PEA-15, phospho-PEA-15 (Ser 104), phospho-PEA-15 (Ser 116). Phosphorylation of PEA-15 influences its anti-apoptotic function; a decrease in PEA-15 phosphorylation induces apoptotic cell death. The maintenance of PEA-15 phosphorylation by EGb 761 pretreatment during cerebral ischemic injury indicates that EGb 761 is a neuroprotective against cerebral ischemic injury.
NetCents: a lightweight protocol for secure micropayments (1998)

NetCents is a lightweight, flexible and secure protocol for electronic commerce over the Internet that is designed to support purchases ranging in value from a fraction of a penny and up. NetCents differs from previous protocols in several respects: NetCents uses (vendor-independent) floating scrips as signed containers of electronic currency, passed from vendor to vendor. This allows NetCents to incorporate decentralized verification of electronic currency at a vendor&apos;s server with offline payment capture. Customer trust is not required within this protocol and a probabilistic verification scheme is used to effectively limit vendor fraud. An online arbiter is implemented that will ensure proper delivery of purchased goods and that can settle most customer/vendor disputes. NetCents can be extended to support fully anonymous payments. In this paper we describe the NetCents protocol and present experimental results of a prototype implementation. 1 Introduction This paper introduces Net...
Ultrasound of normal skin (1986)

The authors have used a commercially available real-time sector scanner and a 10-MHz probe with a built-in water path for B-mode imaging of the normal skin. Measurements have been performed in 10 volunteers at 18 sites on the body surface. Normal skin thickness ranges from 1.4 mm at the dorsal aspect of hand to 4.8 mm at the heel. Clinical applications of B-mode imaging of the skin are discussed.
Novel Method for Preparing Activated Carbons with High Specific Surface Area from Rice Husk (2012)

This study reports the novel dry activation for preparing activated carbon with a high specific surface area from rice husks using solid NaOH. Materials were characterized by N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of mass ratio (1–4) and the activation process (dry activation or impregnation) on the surface area were studied, explicating the mechanism of pore development. With a mass ratio of 3, carbons prepared by dry activation possessed a much higher surface area of 2841 m2/g than the 933 m2/g for impregnation. For the adsorption of phenol, their maximum adsorption capacities were 351.4 and 160.8 mg/g, fitting with the Langmuir model. In addition, the economic analysis estimated a significant gross profit margin of 40.2% for the product. Therefore, it is demonstrated that dry activation is an effective and convenient method for obtaining low cost activated carbon with outstanding surface area.
The effect of voltage pulse polarity on the performance of a sliding discharge pumped HF laser (1996)

The influence of the applied voltage pulse polarity on the performance of a HF laser pumped by a sliding surface discharge is investigated. Details are presented for the polarity dependense of the discharge properties as well as for their relation to the physical processes that affect the sliding discharge evolution. The output energy and efficiency were higher when the initiating or stressed electrode was in relative positive potential, irrespective of which electrode was grounded. The experimental results indicate that for positive polarity the discharge was more uniform, self terminating in type, with reduced electron density and temperature. The increase in output energy and efficiency is attributed to the improvement of the spatial uniformity of laser pumping, to a more efficient utilization of discharge input energy due to an increase in the steady state discharge time phase, as wett as to the reduced electron temperature and to the increased steady state voltage which may also result in more efficient laser pumping.