gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mobile Robots Engaging Children in Learning (2007)

Mobile robots are machines that can move and act in the real world, making it possible to generate a multitude of interplay situations, which can engage children and encourage interaction in a variety of
Estimating head-related transfer functions of human subjects from pressure–velocity measurements (2012)

Direct measurements of individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) with a probe microphone at the eardrum are unpleasant, risky, and unreliable and therefore have not been widely used. Instead, the HRTFs are commonly measured from the blocked ear canal entrance, which excludes the effects of the individual ear canals and eardrums. This paper presents a method that allows obtaining individually correct magnitude frequency responses of HRTFs at the eardrum from pressure-velocity (PU) measurements at the ear canal entrance with a miniature PU sensor. The HRTFs of 25 test subjects with nine directions of sound incidence were estimated using real anechoic measurements and an energy-based estimation method. To validate the approach, measurements were also conducted with probe microphones near the eardrums as well as at blocked ear canal entrances. Comparisons between the different methods show that the method presented is a valid and reliable technique for obtaining magnitude frequency responses of HRTFs. The HRTF filters designed using the PU measurements are also shown to yield more correct frequency responses at the eardrum than the filters designed using measurements from the blocked ear canal entrance.
Hindered organosilicon compounds. Synthesis and properties of di-tert-butyl-, di-tert-butylmethyl-, and tri-tert-butylsilanes (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHindered organosilicon compounds. Synthesis and properties of di-tert-butyl-, di-tert-butylmethyl-, and tri-tert-butylsilanesMichael P. Doyle and Charles T. WestCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 13, 3777–3782Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1975https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00846a037RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views752Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (829 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Highly Diastereoselective Peptide Chain Extensions of Unprotected Amino Acids with<i>N</i>-(Z-α-Aminoacyl)benzotriazoles (2004)

Coupling an unprotected amino acid or dipeptide in partially aqueous solution with a readily available N-(Z-α-amino­acyl)benzotriazole or N-(Z-α-aminopetidoyl)benzotriazole affords N-terminal-protected di-, tri-, and tetrapeptides in yields of 85-98% (average 95% for 2a-i, 93% for 4a-f and 4a′, 86% for 5a-b) with minimal epimerization.
Statistical Prediction Models, Artificial Neural Networks, and the Sophism “I Am a Patient, Not a Statistic” (2002)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.4.885 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11844805 Statistical Prediction Models, Artificial Neural Networks, and the Sophism "I Am a Patient, Not a Statistic" Michael KattanxMichael KattanSearch for articles by this author Show More Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.4.885 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Functional Analysis of the Conserved Domains of a Rice KNOX Homeodomain Protein, OSH15 (2001)

The rice KNOX protein OSH15 consists of four conserved domains: the MEINOX domain, which can be divided into two subdomains (KNOX1 and KNOX2); the GSE domain; the ELK domain; and the homeodomain (HD). To investigate the function of each domain, we generated 10 truncated proteins with deletions in the conserved domains and four proteins with mutations in the conserved amino acids in the HD. Transgenic analysis suggested that KNOX2 and HD are essential for inducing the abnormal phenotype and that the KNOX1 and ELK domains affect phenotype severity. We also found that both KNOX2 and HD are necessary for homodimerization and that only HD is needed for binding of OSH15 to its target sequence. Transactivation studies suggested that both the KNOX1 and ELK domains play a role in suppressing target gene expression. On the basis of these findings, we propose that overproduced OSH15 probably acts as a dimer and may ectopically suppress the expression of target genes that induce abnormal morphology in transgenic plants.
Structure and stability of 2S albumin-type peanut allergens: implications for the severity of peanut allergic reactions (2006)

Resistance to proteolytic enzymes and heat is thought to be a prerequisite property of food allergens. Allergens from peanut (Arachis hypogaea) are the most frequent cause of fatal food allergic reactions. The allergenic 2S albumin Ara h 2 and the homologous minor allergen Ara h 6 were studied at the molecular level with regard to allergenic potency of native and protease-treated allergen. A high-resolution solution structure of the protease-resistant core of Ara h 6 was determined by NMR spectroscopy, and homology modelling was applied to generate an Ara h 2 structure. Ara h 2 appeared to be the more potent allergen, even though the two peanut allergens share substantial cross-reactivity. Both allergens contain cores that are highly resistant to proteolytic digestion and to temperatures of up to 100 degrees C. Even though IgE antibody-binding capacity was reduced by protease treatment, the mediator release from a functional equivalent of a mast cell or basophil, the humanized RBL (rat basophilic leukaemia) cell, demonstrated that this reduction in IgE antibody-binding capacity does not necessarily translate into reduced allergenic potency. Native Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 have virtually identical allergenic potency as compared with the allergens that were treated with digestive enzymes. The folds of the allergenic cores are virtually identical with each other and with the fold of the corresponding regions in the undigested proteins. The extreme immunological stability of the core structures of Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 provides an explanation for the persistence of the allergenic potency even after food processing.
Radio Frequency- Wireless Level Detection System by Using Spatial Field Attenuation (2007)

This paper introduces a new approach of a radio frequency (RF)-wireless fluid level detection system. The relative geometrical variation of the floating tag inside an automobile fluid container is identified. Significant fuel consumption of automobiles will be reduced by the substitution of RF-links as well as the complexity of engine carrier. To achieve the objective of this research, a sender circuit with dipole antenna and two passive ultrahigh frequency UHF)-tags with identical electrical rates are used. Considering the feasibility in automobile engine carriers, the sender circuit parameters and prototype model of automobile fluid level detection system are designed.
Recent Advances in Good Manufacturing Practice-Grade Generation of Dendritic Cells (2020)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are pivotal regulators of immune responses, specialized in antigen presentation and bridging the gap between the innate and adaptive immune system. Due to these key features, DCs have become a pillar of the continuously growing field of cellular therapies. Here we review recent advances in good manufacturing practice strategies and their individual specificities in relation to DC production for clinical applications. These take into account both small-scale experimental approaches as well as automated systems for patient care.
<i>Bt</i> rice harbouring <i>cry</i> genes controlled by a constitutive or wound‐inducible promoter: protection and transgene expression under Mediterranean field conditions (2004)

Seven homozygous transgenic lines of two European commercial cultivars of rice (Ariete (A) and Senia (S)), harbouring the cry1B or cry1Aa Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) delta-endotoxin genes, were field evaluated for protection from striped stem borer (SSB) (Chilo suppressalis) damage during the 2001 and 2002 summer crop seasons in the Delta de l'Ebre region, Spain. The plant codon-optimized toxin gene was placed under the control of the promoter of either the constitutive ubi1 gene or the wound-inducible mpi gene from maize. Stable, high-level, insecticidal protein accumulation was observed throughout root, leaf and seed tissues of field-grown plants harbouring the cry1B (lines A64.1, A33.1, A3.4 and S98.9) or cry1Aa (lines S05.1 and A19.14) genes under the control of the ubi1 promoter. Conversely, no toxin was detected in unwounded vegetative tissues of the A9.1 line harbouring the cry1B gene controlled by the mpi promoter, indicating that natural environmental stresses did not trigger the activity of the wound-inducible promoter. However, the toxin accumulated at 0.2% total soluble proteins in A9.1 sheath tissue exhibiting brown lesions resulting from SSB damage. The agronomical traits and performance of the transgenic lines were generally comparable with parental controls, except in the two lines accumulating Cry1Aa, which exhibited a high frequency of plants non-true to type. Natural infestation was assisted with manual infestations of L2/L3 SSB larvae in border control plants surrounding the experimental plots, which served as a reservoir for the second-cycle SSB population. The observation of damage (brown lesions and dead hearts) during the crop season and dissection of plants at harvest stage revealed a range of protection amongst the transgenic lines, which was highly consistent with the level of toxin accumulation and with previous experience in greenhouse assays. Lines A3.4 and S05.1 were found to exhibit stable and full protection against SSB attacks, mediated by the accumulation of Cry1B and Cry1Aa toxin, respectively, which was comparable with that afforded by the spraying of chemical insecticides on control plants. The wound-induced A9.1 line exhibited a satisfactory level of protection, with a notably low level of penetration of SSB larvae in the stems, but higher external symptoms than constitutive lines, probably due to the time lag to benefit from the protective effect of Cry1B.
Nuclear magnetic resonance with stochastic high-frequency fields (1963)

The extension of double resonance methods in nuclear magnetic resonance is presented. The origin of the problem and its reduction to an abstract problem are discussed. The theorem that allows the calculation of the ensemble average of the linear response of a system with a strong time-dependent stochastic perturbation is given and applied to one-spin and two-spin systems with scalar coupling. The question of convergence is discussed and a relation between level shift and line broadening is stated. The nuclear magnetic resonance spectra are described in relation to the shape of the power spectrum of the stochastic perturbation. The example shows that the functional expansion of the density operator is useful to calculate the effects of strong stochastic perturbations on a quantum mechanical system. (M.C.G.)
A 50nm high-k poly silicon gate stack with a buried SiGe channel (2007)

This report presents high-k poly ring oscillators with a performance of τ=16.2 ps/st at 6E-6A/st for Lg=80 nm. This was achieved by using a SiGe channel for nFET and pFET. A minimum device length of 50 nm was built by using this technique. The transistors reach Ion=120μA/μm at Ioff=20 pA/mum with Tinv=2.4 nm, resulting in a normalized delay of 8.7 ps (Vdd=1.0 V). This is the best high-k poly pFET performance published so far (~Ion=220μA/μm at Vdd=-1.2V). We demonstrate the combination of the SiGe channel with common performance enhancement techniques like stress liners and rotated channel as used in the hybrid oriented substrate technique. The buried channel improves short channel effects and has no reliability trade off. Although hole mobility is enhanced in SiGe channel transistors, further gain was observed in narrow width structures. Peak mobility can be up to 130 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vs for pFET, extending the universal mobility for silicon. After investigating Vt and short channel effects we are able to show, that half of the gain is caused by more efficient stress in narrow width structures. The other half is attributed to EPI loading effects in small structures. Fluorine I/I in the well improves NBTI behavior by more than one decade in time.
Role of Phosphorylation of Alzheimer’s Amyloid Precursor Protein during Neuronal Differentiation (1999)

Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of beta-amyloid (Abeta), is an integral membrane protein with a receptor-like structure. We recently demonstrated that the mature APP (mAPP; N- and O-glycosylated form) is phosphorylated at Thr668 (numbering for APP695 isoform), specifically in neurons. Phosphorylation of mAPP appears to occur during, and after, neuronal differentiation. Here we report that the phosphorylation of mAPP begins 48-72 hr after treatment of PC12 cells with NGF and that this correlates with the timing of neurite outgrowth. The phosphorylated form of APP is distributed in neurites and mostly in the growth cones of differentiating PC12 cells. PC12 cells stably expressing APP with Thr668Glu substitution showed remarkably reduced neurite extension after treatment with NGF. These observations suggest that the phosphorylated form of APP may play an important role in neurite outgrowth of differentiating neurons.
Non-local recurrent network for image restoration (2018)

Many classic methods have shown non-local self-similarity in natural images to be an effective prior for image restoration. However, it remains unclear and challenging to make use of this intrinsic property via deep networks. In this paper, we propose a non-local recurrent network (NLRN) as the first attempt to incorporate non-local operations into a recurrent neural network (RNN) for image restoration. The main contributions of this work are: (1) Unlike existing methods that measure self-similarity in an isolated manner, the proposed non-local module can be flexibly integrated into existing deep networks for end-to-end training to capture deep feature correlation between each location and its neighborhood. (2) We fully employ the RNN structure for its parameter efficiency and allow deep feature correlation to be propagated along adjacent recurrent states. This new design boosts robustness against inaccurate correlation estimation due to severely degraded images. (3) We show that it is essential to maintain a confined neighborhood for computing deep feature correlation given degraded images. This is in contrast to existing practice that deploys the whole image. Extensive experiments on both image denoising and super-resolution tasks are conducted. Thanks to the recurrent non-local operations and correlation propagation, the proposed NLRN achieves superior results to state-of-the-art methods with many fewer parameters.
Controlling File Distribution in the Share Network Through Content Poisoning (2010)

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) file sharing applications have dramatically increased in popularity for the past few years. Although a P2P file sharing network shares many files, it does not usually have a management and control mechanism for the files exchanged. Consequently, copyright infringement and malware propagation in P2P file sharing networks have become prevalent. In order to prevent these file distribution, content poisoning has attracted much attention recently. Although content poisoning aims to obfuscate users by diffusing a lot of poisoned chunks in P2P networks, its effect to the networks have not been well studied yet. In this paper, we apply content poisoning to “Share”, one of the most popular P2P file sharing applications in Japan, to control its file distribution. Our evaluation includes how effective our proposed content poisoning method to a live Share network composed of over 100,000 active peers. The evaluation result shows that our content poisoning method decreases the number of peers that complete file download to less than 5% compared to the case without our control. Our content poisoning method also reduces additional traffic required for poisoning to 4%.
Dielectric behavior and properties of a cyanate ester containing dicyclopentadiene. I (2005)

Abstract 2,6‐Dimethyl phenol dicyclopentadiene dicyanate ester (DCPDCY) was synthesized through the reaction of 2,6‐dimethyl phenol dicyclopentadiene novolac and cyanogen bromide. The proposed structure was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared, mass spectrometry, NMR spectrometry, and elemental analysis. DCPDCY was then cured by itself or cured with bisphenol A dicyanate ester (BADCY) to form triazine structures. The thermal properties of the cured DCPDCY resins were studied with differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), dielectric analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis; these data were compared with those of BADCY. The cured DCPDCY resins exhibited a lower dielectric constant (2.58 at 1 MHz), a lower dissipation factor (20.2 mU at 1 MHz), less thermal stability (the 5% degradation temperature and char yield were 430°C and 32.1%, respectively), a lower glass‐transition temperature (266°C by thermomechanical analysis and 271°C by DMA), a lower coefficient of thermal expansion (22.5 ppm before the glass‐transition temperature and 124.9 ppm after the glass‐transition temperature), and less moisture absorption (0.88% at 48 h) than BADCY, but they showed higher moduli (6.28 GPa at 150°C and 5.35 GPa at 150°C) than the bisphenol A system. The properties of the cured cocyanate esters (DCPDCY and BADCY) lay between those of cured BADCY and DCPDCY, except for the moduli. The moduli of some cocyanate esters were even higher than those of cured BADCY and DCPDCY. A positive deviation from the Fox equation was observed for cocyanate esters. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 2079–2089, 2005
Biomimetic ferric ion carriers. Chiral ferrichrome analogs (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiomimetic ferric ion carriers. Chiral ferrichrome analogsYitzhak Tor, Jacqueline Libman, and Abraham ShanzerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 21, 6518–6519Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00255a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00255a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views147Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pressure effects on relative retention in capillary gas‐liquid chromatography (1997)

Abstract Equations have been obtained for the dependence of relative retention and retention indexes on average column pressure. The equations suggested conform well with experimental data. It was shown that limiting value of relative retention (at the pressure approaches zero) is an invariant retention value. The nature of the stationary liquid phase used and its film thickness have a substantial influence on the dependence of relative retention and capacity factor on the pressure.
Targeting of the EphA4 tyrosine kinase receptor affects dorsal/ventral pathfinding of limb motor axons (2000)

ABSTRACT The Eph family of tyrosine kinase receptors has recently been implicated in various processes involving the detection of environmental cues such as axonal guidance, targeted cell migration and boundary formation. We have inactivated the mouse EphA4 gene to investigate its functions during development. Homozygous EphA4 mutant animals show peroneal muscular atrophy correlating with the absence of the peroneal nerve, the main dorsal nerve of the hindlimb. This phenotype is also observed, although with a lower penetrance, in heterozygotes. During normal hindlimb innervation, motor axons converge towards the sciatic plexus region at the base of the limb bud, where they must choose between dorsal and ventral trajectories within the limb. Among the axons emerging from the sciatic plexus, dorsal projections show higher levels of EphA4 protein than ventral axons. In EphA4 mutant mice, presumptive dorsal motor axons fail to enter the dorsal compartment of the limb and join the ventral nerve. Our data therefore suggest that the level of EphA4 protein in growing limb motor axons is involved in the selection of dorsal versus ventral trajectories, thus contributing to the topographic organisation of motor projections.
A/D converter resolution enhancement using neural networks (2002)

In this paper, we propose a neural network-based A/D converter resolution enhancement scheme. The employed neural network is 'delayless' nonlinear filter, which reduces the quantization noise of the low-resolution A/D converter. Hence, the output resolution can be enhanced after the quantization noise has been reduced. The operating principle, structure, and algorithm of the resolution enhancement scheme are described in detail. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by using both simulated and practical signals. Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments show that our method can improve the band-limited resolution of A/D converters.