gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Use of Solvent/Detergent Treatment in Pathogen Reduction of Plasma (2011)

The solvent/detergent (SD) process used for plasma can safely inactivate all lipid-enveloped viruses. The introduction of a specific prion-binding ligand gel in combination with SD treatment, time-reduced from 4 to 1-1.5 h, still ensures efficient virus kill, reduces abnormal prion protein by >5 log steps, and preserves levels of plasmin inhibitor at close to the reference range. Infections with known non-enveloped viruses such as HAV or parvovirus B19 are prevented by ensuring low virus loads in the starting plasma units, dilution through pooling of single plasma units, and neutralization of immune antibodies already present in the initial plasma pools. The major advantages of SD plasma over fresh frozen plasma and the other pathogen-inactivated plasmas are its extreme safety with respect to transfusion-related acute lung injury and the significantly lower likelihood of provoking allergic reactions. Both advantages are best interpreted as results of the dilution effect of pooling. No fewer than 18 clinical studies covering all indications for plasma, and extensive clinical experience have shown that reduced levels of coagulation factors and inhibitors as a result of SD treatment do not impair significantly the clinical efficacy or tolerance of plasma. Properly standardized clotting factor and inhibitor potencies and low batch-to-batch variations when compared with single-donor plasma units makes SD plasma more suitable for standardized treatment.
A comparison of low-pressure arc and low-pressure plasma sprayed titanium coatings (1985)

Titanium coatings for protection in chemical plants are required to withstand severe corrosion attack. Low-pressure plasma spraying (LPPS) and low-pressure arc spraying (LPAS) of titanium were investigated as a means of producing such coatings. Metallographic, mechanical examination, and x-ray diffraction analyses of titanium coatings arc and plasma sprayed in a low pressure atmosphere, show that both coatings are dense and nearly free of contaminating phases. However, results of the comparison show that low-pressure arc sprayed titanium coatings had lower hardness, lower interstitial gas content, higher bond strength with the substrate, and were sprayed with higher efficiency than the low-pressure plasma sprayed titanium coatings.
Charging of Glass Substrate by Plasma Exposure (1999)

It is probable that charge-up of a glass substrate during plasma processing such as ashing and/or etching deteriorates the production yield of thin-film transistor-liquid-crystal-display (TFT-LCD) devices. In order to keep the production yield at a high level, it is necessary to understand the charging mechanism of glass surface in plasma and then offer countermeasures for the process. We measured the surface potential of the glass substrate during plasma processing. We exposed the glass substrate to plasma in a parallel-plate electrode system by introducing Ar, O 2 or SF 6 gas into the plasma reactor and exciting with 13.56 MHz RF or DC power supply. As a result, we found that the charging of the glass substrate in plasma depended considerably on the power source and the gas species. We discussed the phenomenon in terms of the behavior of molecular ions in plasma.
A Family of Helminth Molecules that Modulate Innate Cell Responses via Molecular Mimicry of Host Antimicrobial Peptides (2011)

Over the last decade a significant number of studies have highlighted the central role of host antimicrobial (or defence) peptides in modulating the response of innate immune cells to pathogen-associated ligands. In humans, the most widely studied antimicrobial peptide is LL-37, a 37-residue peptide containing an amphipathic helix that is released via proteolytic cleavage of the precursor protein CAP18. Owing to its ability to protect against lethal endotoxaemia and clinically-relevant bacterial infections, LL-37 and its derivatives are seen as attractive candidates for anti-sepsis therapies. We have identified a novel family of molecules secreted by parasitic helminths (helminth defence molecules; HDMs) that exhibit similar biochemical and functional characteristics to human defence peptides, particularly CAP18. The HDM secreted by Fasciola hepatica (FhHDM-1) adopts a predominantly α-helical structure in solution. Processing of FhHDM-1 by F. hepatica cathepsin L1 releases a 34-residue C-terminal fragment containing a conserved amphipathic helix. This is analogous to the proteolytic processing of CAP18 to release LL-37, which modulates innate cell activation by classical toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We show that full-length recombinant FhHDM-1 and a peptide analogue of the amphipathic C-terminus bind directly to LPS in a concentration-dependent manner, reducing its interaction with both LPS-binding protein (LBP) and the surface of macrophages. Furthermore, FhHDM-1 and the amphipathic C-terminal peptide protect mice against LPS-induced inflammation by significantly reducing the release of inflammatory mediators from macrophages. We propose that HDMs, by mimicking the function of host defence peptides, represent a novel family of innate cell modulators with therapeutic potential in anti-sepsis treatments and prevention of inflammation.
Void Formation and Breaking in a Packed Bed. (2003)

An experimental study has been carried out to understand the void formation and breaking in a packed bed using two-dimensional glass models. No experimental data are available in the literature on void initiation and breaking which is essential to understand the aerodynamics of the packed bed reactors such as blast furnace, catalytic reformer and solid drying process. The effect of particle size, density, gas flow rate, bed height and model width on the formation of void and its breaking has been studied in detail. The effect of frictional properties of the particulate material on the void formation and breaking has also been studied using modified Janssen's equation. Pressure and velocity measurements have been taken using manometers and a hot wire anemometer to understand the void formation and breaking phenomena. Correlations have been proposed to predict the void formation and void breaking.
Mobile robot localization using infrared light reflecting landmarks (2007)

To achieve autonomous mobile robot navigation, accurate localization technique is the fundamental issue that should be addressed. This paper presents mobile robot localization using infrared reflective artificial landmarks. In order to minimize the disturbance to the user and to provide the ease of installation, the passive landmarks are used. The landmarks are made of coated film which reflects the infrared light efficiently. Infrared light is not visible, but the camera can capture the reflected infrared light. Once the artificial landmark is identified, the robot’s relative position/orientation is estimated with respect to the landmark. In order to reduce the number of the required artificial landmarks for a given environment, the pan-tilt mechanism is developed together with the distortion correction algorithm.
Preparation of Cellulose Ethers Function of Alkali; Side Reactions (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of Cellulose Ethers Function of Alkali; Side ReactionsE. J. LorandCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1939, 31, 7, 891–897Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1939https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50355a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50355a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views174Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Biophysical characterization of drug‐resistant mutants of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (2016)

Over-expression and aberrant activation of tyrosine kinases occur frequently in human cancers. Various tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are under clinical use, but acquisition of resistance to these drugs is a major problem. Here, we studied the interaction between two drug-resistant mutants of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), N546K and V561M, and four ATP-competitive inhibitors, ponatinib, dovitinib, PD173074 and BGJ-398. Among these protein-drug systems, the only marked reduction in affinity was that of PD173074 for the V561M mutant. We also examined the interaction of these FGFR1 variants to AMP-PNP, a nonhydrolyzable analogue of ATP, and showed that N546K showed increased affinity for the ATP analogue as compared with the wild type. These findings will help to clarify the mechanism of drug resistance in mutant tyrosine kinases.
Adaptive distributed caching (2003)

This paper introduces an adaptive algorithm for distributed caching based on the idea of autonomous proxy caches without the usage of a central coordinator or broadcasting protocol. We show that the algorithm outperforms existing approaches based on hashing algorithms in hot-spot scenarios and common power-law request patterns.
A Method for Thermally Upgrading Insulating Paper Using Alkyl-Naphthalene Oil (1976)

Kraft paper is used for insulation in oil-immersed equipment such as transformers. While it has given satisfactory performance on electrical and mechanical properties, thermal degradation occurs due to temperature rise in operation. Examples of these kinds of the Kraft paper are cyanoethylated Kraft paper and amine modified Kraft paper. This report indicates the ability of insulating paper immersed in new synthetic insulating oil, alkyl-naphthalene oil, to withstand somewhat higher temperature than in conventional mineral transformer oil.
Homocysteine-lowering vitamin B supplements do not improve cognitive performance in healthy older adults after two years (2007)

McMahon JA, Green TJ, Skeaff CM, et al . A controlled trial of homocysteine lowering and cognitive performance. N Engl J Med 2006;354:2764–72.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Q Does reducing plasma homocysteine concentration result in improved cognitive function in older adults? ### ![Graphic][5]</img>Design: Randomised controlled trial. ### ![Graphic][6]</img>Allocation: Concealed. ### ![Graphic][7]</img>Blinding: Double blind. ### ![Graphic][8]</img>Follow up period: Two years. ### ![Graphic][9]</img>Setting: Dunedin, New Zealand; August 2002 to December 2004. ### ![Graphic][10]</img>Patients: 276 adults aged 65 years and older with a fasting homocysteine concentration ⩾13 μmol/l and normal plasma creatinine (⩽115 μmol/l in women and ⩽133 μmol/l in men). Main exclusions: suspected dementia; medications that interfere with folate metabolism; vitamin supplementation; treatment for depression. ### ![Graphic][11]</img>Intervention: Daily oral vitamin B supplement (1000 μg folate, 500 μg vitamin B12, 10 mg vitamin B6) or placebo. ### ![Graphic][12]</img>Outcomes: Cognitive function (individual scores and combined effect size for: Mini-Mental State Examination, Weschler Paragraph Recall Test, Category … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DNew%2BEngland%2BJournal%2Bof%2BMedicine%26rft.stitle%253DNEJM%26rft.aulast%253DMcMahon%26rft.auinit1%253DJ.%2BA.%26rft.volume%253D354%26rft.issue%253D26%26rft.spage%253D2764%26rft.epage%253D2772%26rft.atitle%253DA%2Bcontrolled%2Btrial%2Bof%2Bhomocysteine%2Blowering%2Band%2Bcognitive%2Bperformance.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1056%252FNEJMoa054025%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F16807413%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1056/NEJMoa054025&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=16807413&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febmental%2F10%2F1%2F27.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000238584700004&link_type=ISI [5]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [6]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [7]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [8]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif [9]: /embed/inline-graphic-5.gif [10]: /embed/inline-graphic-6.gif [11]: /embed/inline-graphic-7.gif [12]: /embed/inline-graphic-8.gif
Chloride ion independence of the Bohr effect in a mutant human hemoglobin beta (V1M+H2deleted). (1994)

A mutant human hemoglobin, beta (V1M+H2 delta), has been constructed. Analysis of the oxygen binding curves obtained at pH 8.3, where the Bohr effect is inoperative, indicates that this mutation results in an additional stabilization of the T-state conformation by 0.9 kcal/mol. The crystal structure of deoxy-beta (V1M+H2 delta) has been determined to 2.2-A resolution and compared with the deoxy structure of human hemoglobin at the same resolution. In human hemoglobin, a sulfate anion is anchored to the beta-chains by a complex network of H-bonds and electrostatic interactions with the amino terminus and Lys beta 82. In the mutant hemoglobin, the shortening of the amino-terminal region of the A helix by 1 residue results in the formation of an intrachain electrostatic interaction between the amino-terminal amino and Asp beta 79. This eliminates the sulfate binding site, and the sulfate is replaced by two water molecules. At variance with human hemoglobin, the alkaline Bohr effect for beta (V1M+H2 delta) is not sensitive to the presence of Cl-. This indicates that the sulfate binding site in human hemoglobin also serves as a Cl- binding site, and that the amino-terminal Val beta 1 is essential for oxygen-linked Cl- binding to hemoglobin as well as the Cl(-)-dependent Bohr effect. Analysis of the oxygen binding curves indicates that the oxygen-linked Cl- ions are released upon binding of the first oxygen molecule.
Modified pattern sequence-based forecasting for electric vehicle charging stations (2014)

Three algorithms for the forecasting of energy consumption at individual EV charging outlets have been applied to real world data from the UCLA campus. Out of these three algorithms, namely k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN), ARIMA, and Pattern Sequence Forecasting (PSF), kNN with k=1, was the best and PSF was the worst performing algorithm with respect to the SMAPE measure. The advantage of PSF is its increased robustness to noise by substituting the real valued time series with an integer valued one, and the advantage of NN is having the least SMAPE for our data. We propose a Modified PSF algorithm (MPSF) which is a combination of PSF and NN; it could be interpreted as NN on integer valued data or as PSF with considering only the most recent neighbor to produce the output. Some other shortcomings of PSF are also addressed in the MPSF. Results show that MPSF has improved the forecast performance.
Carbonic Anhydrase III Isoenzyme from Human and Bovine Muscle (1978)

Conference Article| June 01 1978 Carbonic Anhydrase III Isoenzyme from Human and Bovine Muscle NICHOLAS CARTER; NICHOLAS CARTER 1Department of Child Health, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London SW17 0RE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ALAN SHIELS; ALAN SHIELS 1Department of Child Health, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London SW17 0RE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar RICHARD TASHIAN RICHARD TASHIAN 2Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1978) 6 (3): 552–553. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0060552 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation NICHOLAS CARTER, ALAN SHIELS, RICHARD TASHIAN; Carbonic Anhydrase III Isoenzyme from Human and Bovine Muscle. Biochem Soc Trans 1 June 1978; 6 (3): 552–553. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0060552 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1978 Biochemical Society1978 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
A Novel Cysteine Protease Inhibitor of the Egg of Chum Salmon, Containing a Cysteine-rich Thyroglobulin-like Motif (1996)

ECI, one of three isoforms of cysteine protease inhibitor found in chum salmon eggs was purified to homogeneity, and its complete amino acid sequence was determined. The primary structure of ECI did not resemble those of other cysteine protease inhibitors of the cystatin superfamily but did resemble that of a cysteine-rich motif found as a repetitive structural element in thyroglobulin and several other proteins. The function of the cysteine-rich motif is not yet hypothesis. Two cysteine motif proteins, thyroglobulin and entactin, were tested for papain inhibitory activity and found to have none.
Propenyl carboxamide derivatives as antagonists of platelet-activating factor (1990)

A series of N-[4-(3-pyridinyl)butyl]-5,5-disubstituted-pentadienamides was prepared and evaluated for PAF-antagonist activity. Compounds were assayed in vitro in a PAF-binding assay employing washed, whole dog platelets as the receptor source and in vivo after intravenous or oral administration for their ability to prevent PAF-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs. Criteria required for good oral activity in the latter model include an (E,-E)-5-phenyl-2,4-pentadienamide, a second phenyl or a four- or five-carbon alkyl moiety in the 5-position of the diene, and an (R)-[1-alkyl-4-(3-pyridinyl)butyl] substituent on the carboxamide nitrogen atom. The alkyl substituent on this side chain can be methyl, ethyl, or cyclopropyl. Two members of this series, [R-(E)]-5,5-bis(4-methoxy-phenyl)-N- [1-methyl-4-(3-pyridinyl)butyl]- 2,4-pentadienamide (31) and [R-(E,E)]-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[1-methyl-4- (3-pyridinyl)butyl]-2,4-decadienamide (58), were selected for further pharmacological evaluation. Both were found to be substantially longer acting after oral administration than the corresponding S enantiomers in the guinea pig bronchoconstriction assay. A second in vivo model used to evaluate PAF antagonists determines the ability of test compounds to decrease the area of skin wheals induced by an intradermal injection of PAF. In this model, using both rats and guinea pigs, compounds 31 and 58 were found to be as active as the reference PAF antagonist 3-[4-(2-chlorophenyl)-9-methyl-6H- 1-(4-morpholinyl)-1-propanone (45).
Graph stream classification using labeled and unlabeled graphs (2013)

Graph classification is becoming increasingly popular due to the rapidly rising applications involving data with structural dependency. The wide spread of the graph applications and the inherent complex relationships between graph objects have made the labels of the graph data expensive and/or difficult to obtain, especially for applications involving dynamic changing graph records. While labeled graphs are limited, the copious amounts of unlabeled graphs are often easy to obtain with trivial efforts. In this paper, we propose a framework to build a stream based graph classification model by combining both labeled and unlabeled graphs. Our method, called gSLU, employs an ensemble based framework to partition graph streams into a number of graph chunks each containing some labeled and unlabeled graphs. For each individual chunk, we propose a minimum-redundancy subgraph feature selection module to select a set of informative subgraph features to build a classifier. To tackle the concept drifting in graph streams, an instance level weighting mechanism is used to dynamically adjust the instance weight, through which the subgraph feature selection can emphasize on difficult graph samples. The classifiers built from different graph chunks form an ensemble for graph stream classification. Experiments on real-world graph streams demonstrate clear benefits of using minimum-redundancy subgraph features to build accurate classifiers. By employing instance level weighting, our graph ensemble model can effectively adapt to the concept drifting in the graph stream for classification.
Phosphodiester CpG oligonucleotides as adjuvants: polyguanosine runs enhance cellular uptake and improve immunostimulative activity of phosphodiester CpG oligonucleotides <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> (2002)

Bacterial DNA and oligonucleotides (ODN) containing CpG-motifs strongly activate cells of the immune system. Accordingly CpG-DNA is a powerful adjuvant in vaccination protocols for B-cell as well as for cytotoxic T-cell responses. A decisive propensity of CpG-DNA is its capacity to induce preferentially T helper type 1 (Th1)-dominated immune responses. To exert its function CpG-DNA has to be taken up by responsive cells, e.g. antigen-presenting cells (APC). The rate of uptake is influenced by the DNA's backbone modification and critically determines activity of CpG-DNA. CpG ODN with a phosphothioate backbone (PTO) are currently used for most in vivo and in vitro studies, since PTO modification protects ODN from the attack of nucleases. However, after administration of PTO-modified CpG-ODN long-lasting effects including lymphadenopathy as well as sustained local interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) production have been reported. To circumvent these restrictions we investigated the effects of DNA sequence as well as DNA backbone modification on cellular uptake and resulting immunostimulation. We show here that uptake of phosphodiester (PO)-CpG-ODN can be strongly enhanced by poly guanosine runs added at the 3' end of the ODN. In addition these ODN showed an improved immunostimulatory activity in vivo and in vitro. This included protection of mice against lethal Th2-dependent leishmaniasis as well as priming of antigen specific Th1 responses. More importantly, guanosine-rich PO-CpG-ODN neither induced lymphadenopathy nor prolonged cytokine production after local administration. Since these improved PO ODN are efficient in vitro and in vivo and lack long lasting undesired effects they could be used preferably as adjuvants in vaccination protocols.
Vacancy and Substitution Defects of β-Li2TiO3 Prepared by Hydrothermal Method (2013)

Abstract Fine β-Li2TiO3 particles were synthesized by hydrothermal reaction. Lithium vacancies and titanium substitution existed in the (002) lattice plane (pure lithium layer) via hydrothermal reaction, while after calcination, the titanium ions diffuse away from the (002) lattice plane into the LiTi2 layer, confirmed by two-dimensional fast Fourier transformation spectrum of the high-resolution transmission images and the Raman spectra.