gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast Local Voltage Control Under Limited Reactive Power: Optimality and Stability Analysis (2015)

High penetration of distributed energy resources presents several challenges and opportunities for voltage regulation in power distribution systems. A local reactive power (VAR) control framework will be developed that can fast respond to voltage mismatch and address the robustness issues of (de-)centralized approaches against communication delays and noises. Using local bus voltage measurements, the proposed gradient-projection based schemes explicitly account for the VAR limit of every bus, and are proven convergent to a surrogate centralized problem with proper parameter choices. This optimality result quantifies the capability of local VAR control without requiring any real-time communications. The proposed framework and analysis generalize earlier results on the droop VAR control design, which may suffer from under-utilization of VAR resources in order to ensure stability. Numerical tests have demonstrated the validity of our analytical results and the effectiveness of proposed approaches implemented on realistic three-phase systems.
Improvements to PATRIC, the all-bacterial Bioinformatics Database and Analysis Resource Center (2016)

The Pathosystems Resource Integration Center (PATRIC) is the bacterial Bioinformatics Resource Center (https://www.patricbrc.org). Recent changes to PATRIC include a redesign of the web interface and some new services that provide users with a platform that takes them from raw reads to an integrated analysis experience. The redesigned interface allows researchers direct access to tools and data, and the emphasis has changed to user-created genome-groups, with detailed summaries and views of the data that researchers have selected. Perhaps the biggest change has been the enhanced capability for researchers to analyze their private data and compare it to the available public data. Researchers can assemble their raw sequence reads and annotate the contigs using RASTtk. PATRIC also provides services for RNA-Seq, variation, model reconstruction and differential expression analysis, all delivered through an updated private workspace. Private data can be compared by 'virtual integration' to any of PATRIC's public data. The number of genomes available for comparison in PATRIC has expanded to over 80 000, with a special emphasis on genomes with antimicrobial resistance data. PATRIC uses this data to improve both subsystem annotation and k-mer classification, and tags new genomes as having signatures that indicate susceptibility or resistance to specific antibiotics.
A Comparison of Fuel Distribution and Combustion During Engine Cold Start for Direct and Port Fuel Injection Systems (1999)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Experiments have been conducted in a firing single-cylinder spark-ignition engine employing a Ford Zetec cylinder head that has been modified to operate with either standard port-fuel-injection, air-forced port-fuel-injection or direct-injection. The engine utilizes a fused silica cylinder and therefore provides extensive optical access to the combustion chamber. Tests were conducted using a constant speed simulated cold start procedure, which is composed of an initial start-up transient and a quasi-steady-state idle period. In this procedure, the engine is briefly motored at 889 rpm and then combustion commences shortly after the start of fuel injection. Measurements which were performed include in-cylinder pressure as well as intake valve, exhaust valve, piston, cylinder, head, and intake air temperature throughout each cycle of the test period. The engine-out total hydrocarbon emissions were also measured. Engine start quality is quantified by the length of the initial start-up period and the stability of the quasi-steady-state idle. Based on these two parameters, the influence of three fuel injection systems, operating temperature, ignition timing, and injection timing on the engine performance during cold start are presented and discussed. In addition, the pre-combustion fuel distribution is measured using two-dimensional laser-induced fluorescence. The pre-combustion fuel distribution images of the three injection systems at different crank angles and times during the test are presented and discussed relative to engine performance.</div>
Comparison of coupling characteristics for several spotsize-converter-integrated laser diodes in the 1.3-μm-wavelength region (1997)

Four types of spotsize-converter-integrated laser diodes (SS-LDs) are numerically compared from the viewpoint of the coupling characteristics to the single-mode fiber in the 1.3-μm-wavelength region. The comparison is based on the semivectorial three-dimensional (3-D) finite-difference (FD) beam propagation method (BPM). The SS-LDs investigated here are categorized into a group with vertical tapers and a group with a combination of a lateral taper and a thin-film core. The features of the SS-LDs are clarified.
Glucocorticoids attenuate the central sympathoexcitatory actions of insulin (2014)

Insulin acts within the central nervous system to regulate food intake and sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). Strong evidence indicates that glucocorticoids impair insulin-mediated glucose uptake and food intake. However, few data are available regarding whether glucocorticoids also modulate the sympathoexcitatory response to insulin. Therefore, the present study first confirmed that chronic administration of glucocorticoids attenuated insulin-induced increases in SNA and then investigated whether these effects were attributed to deficits in central insulin-mediated responses. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given access to water or a drinking solution of the glucocorticoid agonist dexamethasone (0.3 μg/ml) for 7 days. A hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp significantly increased lumbar SNA in control rats. This response was significantly attenuated in rats given access to dexamethasone for 7, but not 1, days. Similarly, injection of insulin into the lateral ventricle or locally within the arcuate nucleus (ARC) significantly increased lumbar SNA in control rats but this response was absent in rats given access to dexamethasone. The lack of a sympathetic response to insulin cannot be attributed to a generalized depression of sympathetic function or inactivation of ARC neurons as electrical activation of sciatic afferents or ARC injection of gabazine, respectively, produced similar increases in SNA between control and dexamethasone-treated rats. Western blot analysis indicates insulin produced similar activation of Akt Ser(473) and rpS6 Ser(240/244) in the ventral hypothalamus of control and dexamethasone-treated rats. Collectively, these findings suggest that dexamethasone attenuates the sympathoexcitatory actions of insulin through a disruption of ARC neuronal function downstream of Akt or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling.
A Fully Automated Primary Screening System for the Discovery of Therapeutic Antibodies Directly from B Cells (2014)

For a therapeutic antibody to succeed, it must meet a range of potency, stability, and specificity criteria. Many of these characteristics are conferred by the amino acid sequence of the heavy and light chain variable regions and, for this reason, can be screened for during antibody selection. However, it is important to consider that antibodies satisfying all these criteria may be of low frequency in an immunized animal; for this reason, it is essential to have a mechanism that allows for efficient sampling of the immune repertoire. UCB's core antibody discovery platform combines high-throughput B cell culture screening and the identification and isolation of single, antigen-specific IgG-secreting B cells through a proprietary technique called the "fluorescent foci" method. Using state-of-the-art automation to facilitate primary screening, extremely efficient interrogation of the natural antibody repertoire is made possible; more than 1 billion immune B cells can now be screened to provide a useful starting point from which to identify the rare therapeutic antibody. This article will describe the design, construction, and commissioning of a bespoke automated screening platform and two examples of how it was used to screen for antibodies against two targets.
Identification of a Major Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase A Phosphorylation Site within the Cytoplasmic Tail of the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein: Implication for Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis (2001)

The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP) is a multiligand endocytic receptor that belongs to the LDL receptor family. Recently, studies have revealed new roles of LDL receptor family members as transducers of extracellular signals. Our previous studies have demonstrated LRP phosphorylation within its cytoplasmic tail, but the nature of LRP phosphorylation and its potential function was unknown. In the present study using both in vivo and in vitro analysis, we found that LRP phosphorylation is mediated by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). Using site-directed mutagenesis and LRP minireceptor constructs, we further identified the predominant LRP phosphorylation site at serine 76 of its cytoplasmic tail. Finally, we demonstrated that mutations of serine 76, which abolish LRP phosphorylation by PKA, result in a decrease in the initial endocytosis rate of LRP and a lower efficiency in delivery of ligand for degradation. Thus, the role of PKA phosphorylation of LRP in receptor-mediated endocytosis may provide a mechanism by which the endocytic function of LRP can be regulated by external signals.
Paper chromatography of amines (1951)

Research Article| October 01 1951 Paper chromatography of amines J. M. Bremner; J. M. Bremner 1Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Hertfordshire Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. H. Kenten R. H. Kenten 1Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Hertfordshire Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1951) 49 (5): 651–655. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0490651 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J. M. Bremner, R. H. Kenten; Paper chromatography of amines. Biochem J 1 October 1951; 49 (5): 651–655. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0490651 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1951 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1951 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Photovoltaic detection of infrared light in a GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice (1988)

We report the observation of photovoltaic infrared photodetection in an n-type GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice within the optical range 3.6–6.2 μm. A built-in graded AlGaAs barrier (∼0.2 eV) provides charge polarization in the sample by allowing the optically excited electrons in the second miniband of the superlattice to diffuse over this barrier. The optical polarization of the infrared signal is consistent with the selection rules applicable to the superlattice. The infrared photoresponse results from first-to-second miniband as well as shallow donor-to-second miniband photoexcitations within the superlattice. Donor-to-second miniband photoexcitation is dominant at low temperatures (&lt;25 K).
Quantifying cortical bone water <i>in vivo</i> by three‐dimensional ultra‐short echo‐time MRI (2011)

Bone contains a significant fraction of water that is not detectable with ordinary Cartesian imaging sequences. The advent of ultra-short echo-time (UTE) methods has allowed the recovery of this submillisecond T(2)* water. In this work, we have developed a new three-dimensional hybrid-radial ultra-short echo-time (3D HRUTE) imaging technique based on slab selection by means of half-sinc pulses, variable-TE slice encoding and algorithms for quantification. The protocol consists of collecting two datasets differing in TR, from which T(1) is extracted, which is needed for quantification. Unlike T(2)*, which has been found to vary within a narrow range and does not require individual correction, T(1) is critically subject dependent (range, 100-350 ms). No soft-tissue suppression was used to preserve the signal-to-noise ratio of the short-T(2) bone water protons or to minimize the loss of relatively mobile water in large pores. Critical for quantification is correction for spatial variations in reception field and selection of the endosteal boundary for inclusion of pixels in the bone water calculation, because of the ruffled boundary stemming from trabecularization of the endosteal surface. The reproducibility, evaluated in 10 subjects covering the age range 30-80 years, yielded an average coefficient of variation of 4.2% and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.95, suggesting that a treatment effect on the order of 5% could be detected in as few as 10 subjects. Lastly, experiments in specimens by means of graded deuterium exchange showed that approximately 90% of the detected signal arises from water protons, whose relaxation rates (1/T(1) and 1/T(2)*) scale linearly with the isotopic volume fraction of light water after stepwise exchange with heavy water. The data thus show conclusively that the method quantifies water even though, in vivo, no distinction can be made between various fractions, such as collagen-bound vs pore-resident water.
CHARGE STORAGE ON SMALL METAL PARTICLES (1971)

Small metal particles (SMP) have been incorporated into a multilayered metal-insulator-semiconductor structure consisting of thermally oxidized Si, SMP, a second insulator, and a top metal electrode. The SiO2 thickness is kept &lt; 30 Å, permitting tunneling of charge carriers between the Si and the discrete states of the SMP. The charge thus stored on the SMP causes a large, controllable hysteresis in the capacitance-voltage characteristic of the structure which is described in terms of an energy-level model.
Light-Field Surface Color Segmentation with an Application to Intrinsic Decomposition (2018)

To enable light fields of large environments to be captured, they would have to be sparse, i.e. with a relatively large distance between views. Such sparseness, however, causes subsequent processing to be much more difficult than would be the case with dense light fields. This includes segmentation. In this paper, we address the problem of meaningful segmentation of a sparse planar light field, leading to segments that are coherent between views. In addition, uniquely our method does not make the assumption that all surfaces in the environment are perfect Lambertian reflectors, which further broadens its applicability. Our fully automatic segmentation pipeline leverages scene structure, and does not require the user to navigate through the views to fix inconsistencies. The key idea is to combine coarse estimations given by an over-segmentation of the scene into super-rays, with detailed ray-based processing. We show the merit of our algorithm by means of a novel way to perform intrinsic light field decomposition, outperforming state-of-the-art methods.
Approach to Face Recognition Using Neural Networks (2005)

The paper describes the approach to automatic face recognition for access control application area using wavelet transform and neural network's ensemble. Wavelet transform implements the compression of the face images and thus accelerates the classifier's work, while neural network's ensemble with proposed decision rule provides low recognition error. Proposed ensemble's decision rule carries out a high level of unknown people's access rejection, which is the most significant requirement for the access control systems, and gives a good balance between known and unknown people's recognition errors.
Schistosome vaccine testing: lessons from the baboon model (2006)

The high level of protection elicited in rodents and primates by the radiation-attenuated schistosome vaccine gives hope that a human vaccine relying on equivalent mechanisms is feasible. In humans, a vaccine would be undoubtedly administered to previously or currently infected individuals. We have therefore used the olive baboon to investigate whether vaccine-induced immunity is compromised by a schistosome infection. We showed that neither a preceding infection, terminated by chemotherapy, nor an ongoing chronic infection affected the level of protection. Whilst IgM responses to vaccination or infection were short-lived, IgG responses rose with each successive exposure to the vaccine. Such a rise was obscured by responses to egg deposition in already-infected animals. In human trials it would be necessary to use indirect estimates of infection intensity to determine vaccine efficacy. Using worm burden as the definitive criterion, we demonstrated that the surrogate measures, fecal eggs, and circulating antigens, consistently overestimated protection. Regression analysis of the surrogate parameters on worm burden revealed that the principal reason for overestimation was the threshold sensitivity of the assays. If we extrapolate our findings to human schistosomiasis mansoni, it is clear that more sensitive indirect measures of infection intensity are required for future vaccine trials.
Performance evaluation of Indian banking system: A comparative study of public sector and private sector banks (2012)

A well-organized banking system is recognized as a fundamental requirement for the economic development of an economy. Banks facilitate the flow of funds from the areas of surplus to the areas of deficit by offering attractive saving and deposit schemes to the people for encouraging them to save and deposit the same in the bank. When these savings of people are effectively invested by the banks into productive purpose, the rate of capital formation increases and ultimately national income also raises The purpose of the study is to examine the financial performance of public and private sector banks. The data used for the study was entirely secondary in nature. The period of study taken from 2009–10 to year 2010–11. The study found that the overall performance of Public Sector Banks is better than private Sector Banks over the period of study.
A Differential Readout Circuit for Tin Oxide Gas Sensor Array (2006)

A novel differential readout circuit (DRC) for tin oxide gas sensors is proposed. The DRC consists of a differential readout unit (DRU), a voltage shifter (VS) and an instrumental amplifier. The DRU applies a constant current to drive the sensor and uses a unit-gain single stage amplifier (inverter) to generate the fully differential output, directly from the voltage drop across the sensor. By tuning the biasing current of the voltage shifter, the DRC can compensate for the sensor's baseline and its drift. The output of the DRC is simply proportional to the difference between the sensing signal and the baseline. Simulation results show that the DRC can sense and amplify 0-20MΩ sensor's resistance variation, which is often encountered in gas sensor applications. The output presents a linear dependence with the resistance variation of the sensor over the entire dynamic region. The proposed DRC provides increased signal to noise ratio over conventional single-ended voltage divider readout methods.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for ischemic myocardial dysfunction (2012)

Allogeneic stem cell populations have demonstrated therapeutic promise in ischemic heart disease, without a requirement for immunosuppressive drugs, and offer the potential to create large-scale, cryopreserved banks of cells for 'off the shelf' utility.
Methodology for Extracting Thermoelectric Module Parameters (2005)

The fundamental temperature-dependent parameters of a thermoelectric module (TEM), such as Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistance, thermal conductance, and figure-of-merit are necessary, among other factors, for conception of models for this type of devices. This paper presents a new methodology to experimentally determine these parameters from observable variables obtained from temperature, voltage, and electric current measurements made on a working TE device. Calculated parameters are plotted against the module's average temperature. Results are verified by inserting the average-value parameters into an electrothermal SPICE model of a TEM and comparing simulation and measured results for a given test configuration.
Role of Solvents in Improvement of Dissolution Rate of Drugs: Crystal Habit and Crystal Agglomeration (2015)

Crystallization is often used for manufacturing drug substances. Advances of crystallization have achieved control over drug identity and purity, but control over the physical form remains poor. This review discusses the influence of solvents used in crystallization process on crystal habit and agglomeration of crystals with potential implication for dissolution. According to literature it has been known that habit modification of crystals by use of proper solvents may enhance the dissolution properties by changing the size, number and the nature of crystal faces exposed to the dissolution medium. Also, the faster dissolution rate of drug from the agglomerates of crystals compared with the single crystals may be related to porous structure of the agglomerates and consequently their better wettability. It is concluded from this review that in-depth understanding of role of the solvents in crystallization process can be applied to engineering of crystal habit or crystal agglomeration, and predictably dissolution improvement in poorly soluble drugs.
Actuation and internal friction of torsional nanomechanical silicon resonators (2000)

We report on the actuation and mechanical properties of silicon resonators with nanometer-scale supporting rods operating in the 3–20 MHz range. The symmetrically designed paddles can be excited both in their flexural and torsional modes of motion. Fabrication imperfections as small as 10–20 nm provide enough asymmetry to allow such torsional excitation. We also report on internal friction studies in these systems. Thin Al overlayers contribute to the room temperature internal losses, as quality factor drops from 3300 to 380 for 160 Å thick film. A temperature dependence of internal friction has a broad peak in the T=160–190 K range, and attributed to the Debye relaxation and thermally activated friction mechanisms. Analysis shows that the peak shifts to higher temperatures with increasing resonator frequency.
Genetic analysis of IgG subclass responses against RESA and MSP2 of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> in adults in Papua New Guinea (2000)

Contributions of environmental and genetic factors to IgG subclass responses against Plasmodium falciparum antigens RESA and MSP2 were investigated among adults in a highly endemic area of Papua New Guinea. Heritabilities were estimated using variance component analysis. Familial aggregation of several responses was found, including IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 responses against RESA, IgG1 and IgG3 responses against the 3D7 form of MSP2 and IgG1, IgG2 responses against the FC27 form of MSP2. Allowance for sharing of houses explained some of the non-genetic variance but not the familial aggregation. The variance of IgG3 responses against RESA and IgG1, IgG2 against MSP2 (FC27) was partly explained by sharing of HLA class II genotypes, although heritability was low. Segregation analyses indicated that any genetic regulation was more complex than governed by a single major gene. Such host genetic variation in responses to specific malaria antigens has implications for immuno-epidemiology and vaccine development.