gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study on Condensation Heat Transfer Characteristics of Hydrocarbons Natural Refrigerants (2001)

This study investigated the condensation heat transfer coefficients of R-22, R-290 and R-600a inside horizontal tube. Heat transfer measurements were performed for smooth tube with inside diameter of 10.07 ㎜ and outside diameter of 12.07 ㎜ and inner grooved tube having 75 fins whose height is 0.25 ㎜. Condensation temperatures and mass velocity were ranged from 308 K to 323 K and 51 ㎏/㎡s to 250 ㎏/㎡s, respectively. The test results showed that the local condensation heat transfer coefficients increased as the mass flux increased, and also the effects of mass velocity on heat transfer coefficients of R-290 and R-600a were less than those of R-22. Average condensation heat transfer coefficients of natural refrigerants were superior to that of R-22. The present results had a good agreement with Cavallini-Zecchin's correlation for smooth and inner grooved tubes.
The Model Coupling Toolkit: A New Fortran90 Toolkit for Building Multiphysics Parallel Coupled Models (2005)

Many problems in science and engineering are best simulated as a set of mutually interacting models, resulting in a coupled or multiphysics model. These models present challenges stemming from their interdisciplinary nature and from their computational and algorithmic complexities. The computational complexity of individual models, combined with the popularity of the distributed-memory parallel programming model used on commodity micro-processor-based clusters, results in a parallel coupling problem when building a coupled model. We define and elucidate this problem and how it results in a set of requirements for software capable of simplifying the construction of parallel coupled models. We describe the package, the Model Coupling Toolkit (MCT), which we have developed to meet these general requirements and the specific requirements of a parallel climate model. We present the MCT programming model with illustrative code examples. We present representative results that measure MCT’s scalability, performance portability, and a proxy for coupling overhead.
[Therapeutic potential of ofloxacin in hospital medicine. A French multicenter study]. (1990)

Bacteriological studies were carried out on samples taken from 1,824 patients in 12 departments of internal medicine (6 University Hospital Departments and 6 Regional Hospital Departments), over a period of six weeks. Four hundred and twenty-two samples were positive on culture. These included 189 urine samples, 81 samples from the respiratory tract and 71 blood samples for culture. Four hundred and forty-four bacterial strains were isolated (including 290 Gram- organisms, 146 Gram+ organisms, 6 intracellular and 2 anaerobic organisms) 427 of which were tested vis a vis ofloxacin. Seventy-five per cent of identified bacteria were susceptible to ofloxacin including 88% Gram- bacteria, 79% staphylococci and 17.5% streptococci. Bacteria resistant to ofloxacin were responsible for 16 out of 183 of infections originating in the community and 29 out of 116 of infections of nosocomial origin. Enterobacterial strains were tested vis a vis nalidixic acid and staphylococcal strains vis a vis oxacillin: 9 of the 30 strains resistant to nalidixic acid were susceptible to ofloxacin, 4 of the 18 strains resistant to oxacillin were susceptible to ofloxacin. These data confirm the therapeutic potential of ofloxacin in the treatment of common infections encountered in hospital medicine.
Clinical trials of CAR-T cells in China (2017)

Novel immunotherapeutic agents targeting tumor-site microenvironment are revolutionizing cancer therapy. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells are widely studied for cancer immunotherapy. CD19-specific CAR-T cells, tisagenlecleucel, have been recently approved for clinical application. Ongoing clinical trials are testing CAR designs directed at novel targets involved in hematological and solid malignancies. In addition to trials of single-target CAR-T cells, simultaneous and sequential CAR-T cells are being studied for clinical applications. Multi-target CAR-engineered T cells are also entering clinical trials. T cell receptor-engineered CAR-T and universal CAR-T cells represent new frontiers in CAR-T cell development. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of CAR constructs and registered clinical trials of CAR-T cells in China and provided a quick glimpse of the landscape of CAR-T studies in China.
Design, Testing, and Implementation of a Linear State Estimator in a Real Power System (2016)

As more phasor measurement units (PMUs) are installed, portions of the power grid become observable with just phasor measurements, making feasible the estimation of the state of these observable portions at much faster rates than the traditional state estimator. Although such a linear state estimator (LSE) was proposed over a decade ago, the first field implementation was completed at Dominion Virginia Power in 2013. Although this LSE is a stand-alone function not integrated to their energy management system (EMS), it demonstrated the feasibility of the LSE. In this paper, we present the design, development, and implementation of an LSE that is fully integrated with the existing EMS and can estimate the state of the extra high voltage portion of a power system at 30 times per second. Integration of the LSE to the existing EMS environment and some of the issues in the design and testing are presented in this paper. The work paved way for LSE to supply cleansed PMU data to other synchrophasor applications that are sensitive to data quality.
Enabling massive scale document transformation for the semantic web (2005)

The Universal Parsing Agent (UPA) is a document analysis and transformation program that supports massive scale conversion of information into forms suitable for the semantic web. UPA provides reusable tools to analyze text documents; identify and extract important information elements; enhance text with semantically descriptive tags; and output the information that is needed in the format and structure that is needed.
Understanding mathematical expressions from document images (2002)

This paper proposes a system that understands mathematical expressions on binarized printed document images. The system first extracts a set of "primitives" from the image. Each of the extracted primitives is associated with a "bounding box" and its label. Using the attributes of the primitives, the system constructs an initial hierarchy. Construction of an initial hierarchy includes merging a group of primitives into a key word. Next, the system checks the validity of the hierarchy according to conventional mathematical syntax rules. If any syntax error is detected, the system makes attempts to correct the errors. The modification step includes reconfiguring the initial hierarchy, revisiting the original image for possible missing primitives, placing dummy primitives into missing spots in the hierarchy, and so on. The corrected hierarchical structure can be converted into the format for a particular publication system such as T/sub E/X.
Four-Domain Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Display Fabricated by Two Alignment Layers with Low and High Pretilt Angles (1996)

A new 4-domain (4-D) twisted nematic (TN) configuration which requires two different alignment layers with different pretilt angle is proposed. The detail processes for realization of this 4-D TN are given. The optical simulation of the viewing angle characteristics shows this 4-D TN display has a homogenous viewing angle feature. The optical averaging effect from different subpixels is confirmed by our testing cells.
Chondrocalcin is identical with the C-propeptide of type II procollagen (1986)

The primary structure of the cartilage matrix molecule chondrocalcin has been found to be identical with that of the C-propeptide of type II procollagen by comparing sequence analyses of the N-terminal regions and of tryptic peptides derived from chondrocalcin. This implies that in type II collagen the C-propeptide of type II collagen is employed not only in the assembly of the triple helix of type II collagen, as demonstrated previously, but in calcifying cartilage it may also be involved in those events leading to cartilage calcification, as earlier indicated.
Voltage and power balance control for a cascaded multilevel solid state transformer (2010)

In this paper, a 20 kVA Solid State Transformer (SST) based on 6.5 kV IGBT is proposed for interface with 7.2 kV distribution system voltage. The proposed SST consists of a cascaded multilevel AC/DC rectifier stage, a Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter stage with high frequency transformers and a DC/AC inverter stage. Based on the single phase d-q vector control, a novel control strategy is proposed to balance the rectifier capacitor voltages and the real power through the DAB parallel modules. Furthermore, the power constraints of the voltage balance control are analyzed. The SST switching model simulation demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed voltage and power balance controller. A 3 kW SST scale-down prototype is implemented. The experiment results verify the single phase d-q vector controller for the SST cascaded multilevel rectifier.
Haemoconcentration by gelatin‐induced acceleration of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (2000)

Erythrocyte sedimentation rates from 40 suspensions of packed red blood cells in modified fluid gelatin, 4% albumin solution, 6% hydroxyethyl starch and normal saline were measured at room temperature using Westergren's method. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was extremely high in gelatin and this increase was significant after 10-60 min when compared with the other fluids. Erythrocyte sedimentation rates in albumin, hydroxyethyl starch and normal saline were low and there were no differences between these fluids [erythrocyte sedimentation after 60 min, median (interquartile range): gelatin 128 (111.2-130.0) mm, albumin 2 (1.5-2.0) mm, hydroxyethyl starch 1.5 (1.0-1.6) mm, normal saline 2 (1.9-2.5) mm, p < 0.0001]. The addition of twice the volume of modified fluid gelatin to a volume of red blood cells leads to rapid acceleration of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. This is caused by increased erythrocyte aggregation, and in clinical practice this effect may be useful for the haemoconcentration of diluted blood from cardiopulmonary bypass circuits or cell-saver autotransfusion in paediatric surgery.
Conformation and Lipid Binding Properties of Four Peptides Derived from the Membrane-Binding Domain of CTP:Phosphocholine Cytidylyltransferase (1998)

We are probing the mechanism of the lipid selective membrane interactions of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CT). We have proposed that the membrane binding domain of CT (domain M) consists of a continuous amphipathic alpha-helix between residues approximately 240-295 [Dunne, S. J., et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35, 11975-11984]. This study examined the secondary structure and membrane binding properties of synthetic peptides derived from domain M: a 62mer peptide encompassing the entire domain (Pep62), a 33mer corresponding to the N-terminal portion (PepNH1), and two 33mers corresponding to the three C-terminal 11mer repeats, one with the wild-type sequence (Pep33Ser), and one with the three serines in the nonpolar face substituted with alanine (Pep33Ala). Peptide secondary structure was analyzed by circular dichroism, and lipid interactions were analyzed by a direct vesicle binding assay, by effects of lipid vesicles on peptide tryptophan fluorescence, and by monolayer surface pressure changes. All peptides bound to vesicles as alpha-helices with selectivity for anionic lipids. Binding involved intercalation of the peptide tryptophan into the hydrophobic membrane core. PepNH1, the peptide with the highest positive charge density, showed strong selectivity for anionic lipids. PepNH1 and Pep33Ser did not bind to PC vesicles; however, the more hydrophobic peptides, Pep33Ala and Pep62, did bind to PC vesicles, with apparent partition coefficients for PC that were only approximately 1 order of magnitude lower than those for PC/PG (1/1). Our results suggest that the polar serines interrupting the nonpolar face of the amphipathic helix serve to lower the lipid affinity and thereby enhance selectivity for anionic lipids. Although diacylglycerol is an activator of the enzyme, none of the peptides responded differentially to PC/diacylglycerol vesicles versus pure PC vesicles, suggesting that domain M alone is not sufficient for the enzyme's response to diacylglycerol. Increases in surface pressure at an air-water interface indicated that the domain M peptides had strong surface-seeking tendencies. This supports a binding orientation for domain M parallel to the membrane surface. Binding of CT peptides to spread lipid monolayers caused surface pressure reductions, suggesting condensation of lipids in the formation of lipid-peptide complexes. At low monolayer surface pressures, Pep62 interacted equally with anionic and zwitterionic phospholipids. This suggests that one determinant of the selectivity for anionic lipids is the lipid packing density (area per molecule).
AN EVALUATION OF NITROGEN SOIL TEST METHODS FOR ONTARIO SOILS (1966)

Several methods for providing an index of the availability of soil nitrogen were evaluated by relating laboratory soil test values to yields of dry matter and uptake or nitrogen by orchardgrass in the greenhouse. Determination of soil organic matter or total soil nitrogen contents was relatively ineffective. Available nitrogen initially present in the soil at sampling time, extracted by several different methods, was superior to measurements of nitrogen released upon incubation. The nitrate form of nitrogen, either initially present or released upon incubation, served as a better index of soil nitrogen availability than the ammonium form. Inclusion of initial nitrates and nitrates released upon incubation as independent variables in a multiple regression resulted in the highest correlation with total nitrogen uptake. In the three incubation methods evaluated, discarding the initial nitrogen content of the soil, as is commonly done, severely reduced the validity of the tests as measures of nitrogen availability.
Local atomic structure in thin films of silicon nitride and silicon diimide produced by remote plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition (1986)

We have grown thin films of silicon nitride by remote plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition and have studied the chemical bonding by infrared absorption, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering, and Auger-electron spectroscopy. Films were grown using two different gases as the source of nitrogen, ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{NH}}_{3}$. We have found that films grown from ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ and deposited at substrate temperatures in excess of 350 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C have a composition corresponding to stoichiometric ${\mathrm{Si}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$, whereas films deposited from ${\mathrm{NH}}_{3}$ require substrate temperatures in excess of about 500 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C to eliminate bonded H and yield the same stoichiometric composition. In contrast films grown from ${\mathrm{NH}}_{3}$ at temperatures in the range of 50 to 100 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C have a chemical composition corresponding to silicon diimide, Si(NH${)}_{2}$. Films grown from ${\mathrm{NH}}_{3}$ at intermediate substrate temperatures are solid solutions of ${\mathrm{Si}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$ and Si(NH${)}_{2}$.
Design of a Threshold Voltage Insensitive 3T1C Pixel Circuit Using a-IGZO TFT for AMOLED Displays (2020)

In this paper, we present an innovative 3T1C (3-TFT, 1-Capacitor) pixel architecture for AMOLED displays. The circuit proposed is voltage-programmed and employs amorphous-indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs). The paper presents detailed and extensive analyses discussing the threshold voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> ) shift detection and neutralizing ability of the proposed circuit along with a comparison with other recent leading-edge pixel circuits. For a 2.5 μA current, the error in IOLED is 0.79%, whereas, for a 1 μA current, the error is 2.27%. Even for a very small current of 50 nA, the error is limited to only 7.75%.
In Vitro Binding of Potent Mutagenic Pyrolyzates to Intestinal Bacteria (1986)

The ability of 22 strains of intestinal bacteria to bind the mutagenic pyrolyzates--3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido-[4,3-b]indole [(Trp-P-1) CAS: 62450-06-0], 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido [4,3-b]indole [(Trp-P-2) CAS: 62450-07-1], 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole [(Glu-P-1) CAS: 67730-11-4], 2-aminodipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole [(Glu-P-2) CAS: 67730-10-3], 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline [(IQ) CAS: 76180-96-6], 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline [(MeIQ) CAS: 77094-11-2], and 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline [(MeIQx) CAS: 77500-04-0]--was investigated and compared to their ability to bind to some dietary fibers (corn bran, apple pulp, soy bean fiber, cellulose, chitin, and chitosan). The pyrolyzates are potent mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines formed during cooking. Solution of these amines was mixed with aqueous suspension of bacterial cells or dietary fibers, and removal of these amines from the reaction mixture by centrifugation was defined as the binding. Trp-P-1 and Trp-P-2 were effectively bound to all gram-positive and some gram-negative bacterial cells, corn bran, apple pulp, and soy bean fiber. Binding of Trp-P-1 and Trp-P-2 to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and cellulose was moderate, and to chitin and chitosan it was little. None but corn bran bound Glu-P-1 and Glu-P-2 effectively. Corn bran effectively bound all mutagens tested. The quantity of the binding of IQ, MeIQ, and MeIQx was dependent on the strain of bacteria and the kind of fiber. The mechanism of binding of Trp-P-2 to freeze-dried feces, Lactobacillus casei YIT 9018 (LC9018), and corn bran was investigated. The binding was pH dependent, occurred instantaneously, and was inhibited by the addition of metal salts. These results indicate that the binding was mostly due to a cation-exchange mechanism, but some irreversible binding of Trp-P-2 was observed, most notably to freeze-dried feces. The mutagenicity of Trp-P-2 for Salmonella typhimurium TA98 in the presence of S9 mix was inhibited by the addition of LC9018 or corn bran to the reaction mixture. The results indicate that bound Trp-P-2 did not cause mutation under the assay conditions.
De Novo Sequencing of Peptides from Top-Down Tandem Mass Spectra (2015)

De novo sequencing of proteins and peptides is one of the most important problems in mass spectrometry-driven proteomics. A variety of methods have been developed to accomplish this task from a set of bottom-up tandem (MS/MS) mass spectra. However, a more recently emerged top-down technology, now gaining more and more popularity, opens new perspectives for protein analysis and characterization, implying a need for efficient algorithms to process this kind of MS/MS data. Here, we describe a method that allows for the retrieval, from a set of top-down MS/MS spectra, of long and accurate sequence fragments of the proteins contained in the sample. To this end, we outline a strategy for generating high-quality sequence tags from top-down spectra, and introduce the concept of a T-Bruijn graph by adapting to the case of tags the notion of an A-Bruijn graph widely used in genomics. The output of the proposed approach represents the set of amino acid strings spelled out by optimal paths in the connected components of a T-Bruijn graph. We illustrate its performance on top-down data sets acquired from carbonic anhydrase 2 (CAH2) and the Fab region of alemtuzumab.
Influence of hydrogen on the thermionic electron emission from nitrogen-incorporated polycrystalline diamond films (2012)

Although hydrogen has been shown to enhance the thermionic emission properties of nitrogen-incorporated diamond cathodes, the effect diminishes when these cathodes are heated to temperatures in excess of 700 °C, possibly due to the hydrogen desorbing from the diamond. In order to further examine this behavior, this work examines the thermionic emission properties of a nitrogen-incorporated diamond film grown by chemical vapor deposition in a hydrogen-methane-nitrogen plasma. The film was tested for thermally stimulated electron emission at temperatures ranging from 500 to 900 °C in an as-grown state and after exposure to a hydrogen plasma treatment. Emission current increased, as described by the Richardson equation for thermal emission up to ∼ 700 °C. Above ∼ 800 °C the thermionic emission current was observed to diminish, an effect attributed to the loss of hydrogen from the diamond. Recovery of the hydrogen effect was explored by exposing the diamond film to a low-energy hydrogen plasma. The thermionic emission current at temperatures below ∼700 °C after this hydrogen plasma exposure was observed to increase by four orders of magnitude over the thermionic emission current observed in the initial (as-grown) test. Possible explanations for this emission current increase are discussed.
Water and related systems. 1. The hydronium ion (H3O+). Preparation and characterization by high resolution oxygen-17 nuclear magnetic resonance (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWater and related systems. 1. The hydronium ion (H3O+). Preparation and characterization by high resolution oxygen-17 nuclear magnetic resonanceGheorghe D. Mateescu and George M. BenediktCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 14, 3959–3960Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00508a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00508a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views319Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts