gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative Effects of Vitamin K<sub>2</sub> and Estradiol on Experimental Arteriosclerosis with Diabetes Mellitus (2000)

In order to further investigate the radical scavenging and anti-arteriosclerotic activities of vitamin K2 and estradiol, the comparative effects of vitamin K2 and estradiol on aortic calcium (Ca) and inorganic phosphorus (P) levels in the aorta and the elastin fraction (fr.) were investigated in male rats after experimental arteriosclerosis with diabetes mellitus was induced by vitamin D2 and radical producing substance, streptozotocin (STZ). Pharmacological dose of vitamin K2 (100 mg/kg b.w.) and medical dose of estradiol (83 micrograms/kg b.w.) suppressed the increased serum glucose, and vitamin K2 and estradiol increased the decrease in serum insulin. Moreover, vitamin K2 and estradiol inhibited the increase of Ca and P in the aorta and the elastin fr. Vitamin K2 and estradiol decreased the increase in serum lipid peroxide (LPO). It is suggested that both the pharmacological dose of vitamin K2 and medical dose of estradiol suppressed the development of arteriosclerosis associated with diabetes mellitus, owing to radical scavenging activity of vitamin K2 and estradiol.
Optimization of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide structure for targeting bcr-abl mRNA (1995)

Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeted to bcr-abl are potential ex vivo purging agents for use with autologous bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We investigated, in a cell-free system, the activity and nuclease resistance of phosphodiester, phosphorothioate, chimeric methylphosphonate/phosphodiester, and chimeric methylphosphonate/phosphorothioate antisense octadecamers directed against either b2a2 or b3a2 bcr-abl breakpoint RNAs. Certain chimeric compounds were shown to possess targeted activity broadly equal to the parent phosphodiester or phosphorothioate forms and greater resistance to the nucleases present in cell extracts. Selected chimeric structures were compared with phosphodiester and phosphorothioate analogues for antisense activity in human CML cells containing either b2a2 or b3a2 bcr-abl breakpoint mRNAs. We present results showing that all four structures can suppress bcr-abl mRNA level in vivo. The rank of in vivo activity is chimeric methylphosphonate/phosphodiester > or = phosphodiester > phosphorothioate > methylphosphonate/phosphorothioate. We show that b2a2 breakpoint RNAs can be more effectively targeted than b3a2 sequence RNAs both in vitro and in vivo and suggest that RNA secondary structure may be a possible explanation for this phenomenon.
Page-Differential Logging: An Efficient and DBMS-independent Approach for Storing Data into Flash Memory (2010)

Flash memory is widely used as the secondary storage in lightweight computing devices due to its outstanding advantages over magnetic disks. Flash memory has many access characteristics different from those of magnetic disks, and how to take advantage of them is becoming an important research issue. There are two existing approaches to storing data into flash memory: page-based and log-based. The former has good performance for read operations, but poor performance for write operations. In contrast, the latter has good performance for write operations when updates are light, but poor performance for read operations. In this paper, we propose a new method of storing data, called page-differential logging, for flash-based storage systems that solves the drawbacks of the two methods. The primary characteristics of our method are: (1) writing only the difference (which we define as the page-differential) between the original page in flash memory and the up-to-date page in memory; (2) computing and writing the page-differential only once at the time the page needs to be reflected into flash memory. The former contrasts with existing page-based methods that write the whole page including both changed and unchanged parts of data or from log-based ones that keep track of the history of all the changes in a page. Our method allows existing disk-based DBMSs to be reused as flash-based DBMSs just by modifying the flash memory driver, i.e., it is DBMS-independent. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the I/O performance by 1.2 ~ 6.1 times over existing methods for the TPC-C data of approximately 1 Gbytes.
Design of III-V nanowires based micosources vertically coupled to a Si waveguide for optical interconnects (2014)

We design a III-V nanowires based photonic cavity on top of SOI waveguide for light generation in the near infrared (~1.3μm) in a silicon photonic circuit. 3D electromagnetic simulations (FDTD) are performed to design a periodic array of III-V photonic NWs vertically grown on Si. High quality factor resonances and efficient coupling between these micro-resonators and the SOI waveguide is targeted. The geometrical parameters of this architecture (number of NWs, diameter and spacing) are optimised by simulations. This original architecture opens the way to the monolithic integration of low power and small footprint microsources for silicon photonics.
RNF8 Regulates Assembly of RAD51 at DNA Double-Strand Breaks in the Absence of BRCA1 and 53BP1 (2012)

The tumor suppressor protein BRCA1 localizes to sites of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), promoting repair by homologous recombination through the recruitment of DNA damage repair proteins. In normal cells, homologous recombination largely depends on BRCA1. However, assembly of the pivotal homologous recombination regulator RAD51 can occur independently of BRCA1 in the absence of 53BP1, another DNA damage response protein. How this assembly process proceeds is unclear, but important to understand in tumor cell settings where BRCA1 is disabled. Here we report that RNF8 regulates BRCA1-independent homologous recombination in 53BP1-depleted cells. RNF8 depletion suppressed the recruitment of RAD51 to DSB sites without affecting assembly or phosphorylation of the replication protein RPA in neocarzinostatin-treated or X-ray-irradiated BRCA1/53BP1-depleted cells. Furthermore, RNF8/BRCA1/53BP1-depleted cells exhibited less efficient homologous recombination than BRCA1/53BP1-depleted cells. Intriguingly, neither RNF8 nor its relative RNF168 were required for RAD51 assembly at DSB sites in 53BP1-expressing cells. Moreover, RNF8-independent RAD51 assembly was found to be regulated by BRCA1. Together, our findings indicate a tripartite regulation of homologous recombination by RNF8, BRCA1, and 53BP1. In addition, our results predict that RNF8 inhibition may be a useful treatment of BRCA1-mutated/53BP1(low) cancers, which are considered resistant to treatment by PARP1 inhibitors and of marked current clinical interest.
Body-Charge-Induced Switching Characteristics in Fully Depleted Silicon-on-Insulator Digital Circuits (2004)

Switching characteristics of digital circuits built with fully depleted (FD) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) are experimentally investigated. The results show that the switching speed depends on the input-signal frequency even in FD SOI digital circuits, though FD SOI MOSFETs are expected to suppress floating body effects. The switching becomes faster as the input-signal frequency decreases. This is because the body charge dynamically changes during the switching even in FD SOI MOSFETs. FD SOI MOSFETs have no neutral region in the body, while partially depleted (PD) MOSFETs do. Therefore, impact ionization plays a major role in changing the body charge in FD SOI MOSFETs, while charge redistribution does in PD SOI MOSFETs. The accumulation of majority carriers generated by impact ionization increases the body charge, and thus thereshold voltage decreases, which causes an excess drain current. This excess current is the reason for the faster switching in FD SOI digital circuits. Since the impact ionization efficiency decreases as the supply voltage decreases, the dependence of propagation delay time, t pd , on the input signal frequency can be largely reduced for FD SOI digital circuits. We also discuss several ways to efficiently decrease majority carriers accumulated in the body region and thereby minimize the dependence of t pd on the input-signal frequency for FD SOI digital circuits.
Self-consistent field theory of two-component phospholipid membranes (2007)

This paper extends and applies a self-consistent field theory of compressible, fully hydrated phospholipid bilayers to binary mixtures. The mixtures contain two kinds of lipids, which have identical head groups but different acyl chain lengths. The formalism we develop allows for the calculation of a range of thermodynamic and structural properties for systems at equilibrium, including the compatibility of the two components, the equilibrium phase, the bilayer thickness, the orientational order parameter profiles, and the ordering environment as a function of depth within the layer. Our focus in this paper is on the mutual effects of the different chains on each other, and the effects of the local environment on the order parameter of each segment in the chains, for systems in the fluid phase. We include an analysis of a feature of the order parameter profile identified as a "second plateau" by Morrow and co-workers [Biochemistry 32, 290 (1993)].
Perceiving and Expressing Place: Site-specific Performance by a White Sheila (2007)

This paper explores the ways in which site-specific dance performances can tease out some of the less conscious aspects of our belonging or not belonging in Australian landscapes. While working with a group of Gunditjmara dancers from south-western Victoria in 2003, the author realized how much their dance practice enhanced their connection to particular places. She decided to see if her own dance practice could help overcome a shallow sense of belonging and so, for her PhD, she developed two performances in particular sites in the Melbourne region. Audiences attending these performances are taken on a journey of discovery designed to provoke deep reflection about the places in which we dwell. The paper argues that this is a form of ‘active art ’ that can contribute to the broader public discourse on Australian identity. Keywords
Stochastic models of algal photosynthesis in turbulent channel flow (1977)

Abstract Models have been formulated and analyzed for photosynthesis by algae in turbulent, channel flow. Analytical and computational for results for different stochastic, kinematic models of algal motion have been obtained for two different rate mechanisms. The results indicate that turbulent mixing can achieve an increase in the rates and efficiencies of photosynthesis by realizing the intermittency effects. Optimum levels of turbulence are shown to exist in turbulent channel flow for the mass cultivation of algae. The methodology of this paper is relevant to photochemical reactions in general.
A distributed infrastructure for veterinary telemedicine (2004)

The livestock industry can benefit tremendously from systems that continuously monitor cattle state-of-health, allowing the industry to maintain high meat quality, react to the presence of disease, and predict its spread. Requirements for these monitoring systems are similar to requirements that drive human ambulatory monitoring systems based on wearable sensors and wireless data communication. This paper presents early results from an effort to develop a veterinary telemedicine infrastructure based upon wearable monitoring technology originally developed for home health care. The functional layout of the infrastructure is described, and initial hardware and physiological measurements are presented.
Association analysis of novelTBX21 variants with asthma phenotypes (2003)

Human TBX21 expressed in T Cells (T-BOX21) is a Th1-specific T-box transcription factor that controls the expression of the hallmark Th1 cytokine, IFNG. As a potent candidate gene for asthma genetic study, we have sequenced the full gene of human TBX21, including the -1,500bp promoter region to identify its gene polymorphisms. Twenty-three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified; one in promoter region (c.-1514T>C), one in 5'UTR (c.-138C>A), two in exon 1 (c.99C>G (p.His33Gln), c.390A>G), sixteen in introns (c.492+806T>C, c.492+1170C>A, c.492+1514G>A, c.492+1907A>C, c.492+2116G>A, c.492+2516A>G, c.492+2953C>T, c.492+4207A>T, c.492+4211A>T, c.492+4985T>A, c.492+4207G>A, c.492+5533C>T, c.492+7889T>A, c.492+8270G>C, c.768+417T>C and c.989+183C>T), one in exon 4 (c.831C>T), one in exon 6 (c.1455G>A), and one in 3'UTR (c.2103A>C). Among twenty-three identified variants, seven were selected for larger scale genotyping (n=721) for asthma association study based on frequencies and location. Haplotypes, their frequencies and linkage disequilibrium coefficients (mid R:D'mid R:) between SNP pairs were estimated. The associations with risk of asthma, skin-test reactivity and total serum IgE levels were analyzed. Using statistical analyses for association of TBX21 polymorphisms with these three asthma phenotypes, no significant signals were detected. In conclusion, we identified twenty-three genetic polymorphisms in the important TBX21 gene, but no significant associations of TBX21 variants with asthma phenotypes were detected. TBX21 variation/haplotype information identified in this study will provide valuable information for future association studies of other immunological diseases.
Detection of plasma viremia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals at all clinical stages (1993)

Free virus (virus not present within cells) was detected in the plasma of all human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals studied. Plasma samples from asymptomatic individuals and individuals with HIV disease were tested. The levels of virus varied, but high virus titers correlated directly with HIV-related symptoms and low CD4+ lymphocyte counts. Effective detection of infectious virus depended on the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for p24 core antigen and culture conditions in which plasma was added to mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes within 3 h of venipuncture. When there were delays in the time to culturing of plasma, neutralizing antibodies and perhaps other factors present in the plasma were found to reduce the efficiency of virus recovery. Plasma stored at -70 degrees C for several months maintained a stable level of free virus. These results suggest that measurement of HIV present in plasma under optimal conditions could be an efficient way of monitoring the clinical state of an individual and the effects of antiviral therapy.
[Transplantation of fetal neurons into the spinal cord after section]. (1986)

The transection of spinal cord can be seen as an interruption of the continuity in between the control command and the peripheral reception. The consequence is an anarchic reorganization of the distal spinal cord often responsible of spasticity and painful rigidity. We have, in a first step, sectioned the spinal cord at lower thoracic level in adult rats. Knowing the modulatory role of aminergic neurotransmitters, we have then one week later transplanted foetal 5-HT neurons into the distal segment of the cord, in half of the transsected animals. Functional results suggest the constitution of sphincteral autonomy in the grafted animals whereas the controls showed either an acute urine retention leading to death within two to three weeks after the section, or an absence of sphincteral control. Immunocytochemical study with specific 5-HT antibodies showed adult-looking neurons extending processes towards the intermediolateral nucleus and the anterior horn. Ultrastructural immunocytochemistry disclosed afferent and efferent synapses to the grafted neurons.
DNA-Mediated Assembly of Cytochrome P450 BM3 Subdomains (2011)

Cytochrome P450 BM3 is a versatile enzyme, which holds great promise for applications in biocatalysis and biomedicine. We here report on the generation of a hybrid DNA-protein device based on the two subdomains of BM3, the reductase domain BMR and the porphyrin domain BMP. Both subdomains were fused genetically to the HaloTag protein, a self-labeling enzyme, allowing for the bioconjugation with chloroalkane-modified oligonucleotides. The subdomain-DNA-chimeras could be reassembled by complementary oligonucleotides, thus leading to reconstitution of the monooxygenase activity of BM3 holoenzyme, as demonstrated by conversion of the reporter substrate 12-pNCA. Arrangement of the two chimeras on a switchable DNA scaffold allowed one to control the distance between both subdomains, as indicated by the DNA-dependent activity of the holoenzyme. Furthermore, a switchable chimeric device was constructed, in which monooxygenase activity could be turned off by DNA strand displacement. This study demonstrates that P450 BM3 engineering and strategies of DNA nanotechnology can be merged to open up novel ways for the development of novel screening systems or responsive catalysts with potential applications in drug delivery.
Continuation Power Flow with the Nonlinear Predictor of the Lagrange's Polynomial Interpolation Formula (2003)

This paper presents a new continuation power flow method with the nonlinear predictor of the Lagrange’s polynomial interpolation formula. The continuation power flow method is useful for drawing P-V curves. The conventional power flow method to be studied is based on the predictor-corrector method and has a drawback that the linear predictor of the predictor-corrector method results in heavy computational effort with the large step size. That is because the predictor deviates from an actual solution significantly. In this paper, a nonlinear approximate predictor is proposed to reduce the error between the predictor and actual solution, and enhance the solvability of the problem. To construct the nonlinear approximate predictor, this paper makes use of the Lagrange’s polynomial interpolation formula because of the straightforward algorithm. It is expected that the nonlinear approximate predictor reduces the computational time and improves the robustness of the algorithm. The proposed method is successfully applied in the 118 and 235 node systems.
The Binding of Glucose to Native and Proteolytically Modified Yeast Hexokinase PI (1983)

The binding of glucose to native, dimeric yeast hexokinase PI and to its proteolytically modified product, the monomeric SI form, has been investigated by equilibrium dialysis and by titration of the quenching of intrinsic protein fluorescence. The effects of glucose concentration, pH and ionic strength on binding have been examined and the way in which these factors also affect the monomer‐dimer association‐dissociation reaction of the native‐enzyme has been investigated by analytical ultracentrifugation. At pH 6.0 and pH 8.5 the dissociation constants of glucose from hexokinase SI monomer were 0.11 mmoll −1 and 0.23 mmol 1 −1 respectively and each was independent of ionic strength over the range 0–1.0 mol KCl 1 −1 . The dependence of the dissociation constant of glucose from SI on pH showed a sharp transition between these two extremes over a narrow interval from pH 7 to pH 7.5 At pH 8 the affinity of glucose for proteolytically modified SI monomer was the same as that for native PI monomer formed in the presence of 1.0 mol KCll −1 in support of the idea that the former is a good analogue of the latter. At pH 6.7 and low ionic strength, the binding of glucose to hexokinase PI dimer alone shows strong positive cooperativity. This behaviour is in marked contrast to that of the PII isoenzyme for which both binding sites on the dimer are equivalent in solution and binding is non‐cooperative. At pH 6.7, the quenching of intrinsic protein fluorescence as a function of glucose concentration (Hill coefficient, h = 1.3) markedly precedes binding ( h = 1.6) to hexokinase PI, the concentration at half‐saturation for each being 0.21 mmol l −1 and 0.82 mmol l −1 respectively. Detailed analysis of the data according to the Adair equation is presented. At pH 8.0, hexokinase PI exists in association‐dissociation equilibrium between monomer and dimer. At low ionic strength, despite the presence of some monomer which binds glucose more strongly than dimer, the affinity of hexokinase PI is markedly reduced at pH 8.0 compared with that at pH 6.7 where it existed solely as dimer. It is concluded from linkage calculations that the instrinsic affinity of the dimer for glucose decreases by the same factor of two as does the monomer over this pH range and that the binding of glucose to PI dimer is non‐cooperative at pH 8.0. There is thus a structural transition from a cooperative to a non‐cooperative dimer, possibly occurring over the same narrow interval from pH 7 to 7.5 as the change in affinity of the monomer. pH is a major factor in determining the relative properties of hexokinases PI and PII. The ratio of the affinity of the monomer for glucose to that of the dimer is about six and is independent of pH above pH 6.7. Under conditions where hexokinase PI exists as a mixture of monomers and dimers, changes in the binding of glucose as a function of ionic strength can be accounted for entirely by changes in the monomer‐dimer equilibrium.
Novel design and performance of a medical oxygen concentrator using a rapid pressure swing adsorption concept (2014)

A novel design of a compact rapid pressure swing adsorption system consisting of a single adsorber enclosed inside a product storage tank is proposed for application as a medical oxygen concentrator (MOC). A self‐contained test unit for the process is constructed which is capable of directly and continuously producing 1–3 sl/m of 90% O 2 from compressed air. Pelletized LiLSX zeolite is used as the air separation adsorbent. Steady state process performance data [bed size factor (BSF) and O 2 recovery (R) as functions of total cycle time (t c )], as well as transient, cyclic, adsorber pressure, and temperature profiles are presented. A four‐step Skarstrom‐like pressure swing adsorption cycle was used. Two options for column pressurization, (a) using compressed feed air cocurrently or (b) using a part of the oxygen‐enriched product gas counter‐currently were evaluated. Option (b) exhibited superior performance. The optimum total cycle time for option (b) was 5–6 s where the BSF was lowest (∼45 kgs/TPD O 2 ) and the corresponding R was ∼29.3%. These numbers indicate that the adsorbent inventory of a MOC can be potentially reduced by a factor of three while offering a ∼10–20% higher O 2 recovery compared to a typical commercial unit. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 60: 3330–3335, 2014
Blowholing in PTH Solder Fillets (1986)

The drilling and preparation of a hole in FR‐4 laminate prior to the deposition of electroless copper is considered in relation to the quality of soldering achieved on the finished printed circuit board. Data pertaining to the drill speed, drill feed, and stack position are presented and the effect of drilling temperature is demonstrated. The variability of laminate is discussed in relation to outgassing during soldering. Finally the importance of the post‐drilling treatment of the hole‐wall is shown. The relative effects of baking after drilling, ultrasonic cleaning and chemical treatments such as alkaline potassium permanganate are illustrated.
Superconducting YBaCuO thin films by Cu-ion implantation (1991)

We have investigated the fabrication of thin-film superconductors by Cu-ion implantation into initially Cu-deficient Y(BaF2)Cu thin films. The precursor films were co-evaporated on SrTiO3 substrates, and subsequently implanted to various doses with 400 keV 63Cu2+. Implantations were performed at both LN2 temperature, and at 380 °C. The films were post-annealed in oxygen, and characterized as a function of dose by four-point probe analysis, x-ray diffraction, ion-beam backscattering and channeling, and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that a significant improvement in film quality could be achieved by heating the films to 380 °C during the implantation. The best films made became fully superconducting at 60–70 K, and exhibited good metallic R vs T behavior in the normal state.