gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adrenal Cells in Tissue Culture. IV. Use of an Inhibitor of Steroid Synthesis for the Study of ACTH Action (1969)

This report describes the use of aminoglutethimide (AG), an inhibitor of steroid synthesis, for the study of some effects of ACTH on the metabolism of functional monolayer cultures of murine adrenal cortex tumors. At concentrations in the medium of 10 μg/ml or higher, the drug specifically blocks steroid biosynthesis from cholesterol. At concentrations over 50 μg/ml it is also a competitive inhibitor of 11β-hydroxylation. Its action is immediate and reversible. Concentrations in excess of 100 μg/ml have no adverse effect on cell growth, RNA and protein synthesis, glycolysis or cholesterol synthesis. Four effects of ACTH which we have previously described were investigated: the steroidogenic response to ACTH, the augmentation of steroidogenesis by prolonged stimulation with ACTH, the increased synthesis of cholesterol from acetate, and the stimulation of glycolytic activity. At concentrations over 10 μg/ml, both control and stimulated steroidogenic activity is blocked. At lower concentrations, the ratio of stimulated to unstimulated steroid output is the same, but the total output is decreased, suggesting that AG reduces the number of ACTH-responsive enzyme sites. The enhancement of steroidogenic activity found after stimulation with ACTH for 24 hr or longer can also occur after steroid synthesis and secretion has been blocked during the period of stimulation. This suggests that the steroids elaborated during this time play no part in this effect of ACTH. Similarly, the stimulation of the metabolism of exogenously added glucose to lactate by ACTH does not require concomitant steroidogenesis. On the other hand, there is no increase in the incorporation of 14Cacetate into cholesterol when steroid synthesis is blocked during ACTH stimulation. Thus, the turnover of the intracellular pool of cholesterol utilized for steroid synthesis appears to be under feedback control. (Endocrinology85: 270, 1969)
Evaluating the performance of systems for tracking football players and ball (2006)

In this paper, we discuss the different approaches used for evaluating the results of tracking algorithms, and in particular for analysis of football (soccer) tracking results. The focus of the study is on systems with multiple static cameras. The appropriate data representation and ground truth capture methods are discussed, and evaluation measures that indicate the performance of any given automatic tracker are presented. The evaluation method is demonstrated to compare results of an implemented multi-camera tracker.
Performance Estimation of Graphene Field-Effect Transistors Using Semiclassical Monte Carlo Simulation (2008)

A semiclassical Monte Carlo simulation was run to estimate the performances of a monolayer and a bilayer (with vertical electric field of 1 V/nm applied) graphene-channel field-effect transistor (FET). The vertical field produces a band gap of 0.16 eV and gives semiconductive properties in the bilayer graphene. Electrons in monolayer graphene show a notable velocity overshoot of up to 7.6×107 cm/s. A sub-0.1 ps transit time is also expected in a 65-nm channel device. The performance of a bilayer graphene-channel FET is inferior to a monolayer graphene one, but comparable with that of an InP high electron mobility transistor (HEMT). This lower performance may be attributed to the electron effective mass produced by the vertical field.
Delay control in wide band Front-End components for multi-role/multi-domain phased-array systems (2011)

In the framework of a bilateral Research Programme between Italy and Sweden MoDs (M-AESA), one of the main objective was the feasibility in terms of design dominance of analog Time Delay control in AESA Front-End. The need of managing the antenna beam-steering in terms of Time Delay, instead of phase-shifting, is due to the necessity of wide Instantaneous Bandwidth Requirement at System level. In this paper a solution which foresees the integration of the needed time delay both inside the TRMs and inside the RF Beam Forming Network is presented. In particular the feasibility evaluation has been performed by including smaller bits for Time Delay control in a GaAs chip (Core Chip) within the wide band TRM, to allow the amplitude and Delay control on each radiating element of the active antenna. As regards the higher bits, they have been included in a single True Time Delay component suitable for analog beam-forming network applications at sub-array/antenna level. It is worth to underline the added value of the solution directly applied on wide band components. The last, but not the least, challenging requirement was the size constraints, due to the X-Band array lattice. To do this, standard technologies for the integration solution (LTCC) and also for the chipset (pHEMT GaAs) at TRM and TTD level have been used. The high integration solutions for TRM and TTD component, the obtained performances, their compliance with design expectations shall be presented.
Loop Heat Pipe: Simple Thermodynamic (2009)

The LHP is a two-phase device with extremely high effective thermal conductivity that utilizes the thermodynamic pressure difference to circulate a cooling fluid. A thermodynamics analytical model is developed to explore different parameters effects on a Loop Heat Pipe (LHP).. The effects of pipe length, pipe diameter, condenser temperature, and heat load are reported. As pipe length increases and/or pipe diameter decreases, a higher temperature is expected in the evaporator.
Power Analysis Attack Resistance Engineering by Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (2012)

This article proposes a novel approach to cryptosystem design to prevent power analysis attacks. Such attacks infer program behavior by continuously monitoring the power supply current going into the processor core. They form an important class of security attacks. Our approach is based on dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS), which hides processor state to make it harder for an attacker to gain access to a secure system. Three designs are studied to test the efficacy of the DVFS method against power analysis attacks. The advanced realization of our cryptosystem is presented which achieves enough high power and time trace entropies to block various kinds of power analysis attacks in the DES algorithm. We observed 27% energy reduction and 16% time overhead in these algorithms. Finally, DVFS hardness analysis is presented.
Purification and Specificity of Porcine Enterokinase (1971)

Enterokinase (enteropeptidase, EC 3.4.4.8) has been purified from porcine duodenal extracts by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, Sephadex G-100, and Sephadex G-200.The final product was found to be homogeneous by a number of tests.Its specific activity against trypsinogen (nanomoles of trypsinogen activated per 30 min per mg) was 6550, which represented a 650-fold purilication over the first clear extract.The preparation was still contaminated, however, by traces of aminopeptidase activity.Porcine enterokinase activates bovine trypsinogen much better than does bovine trypsin (K, 6 times lower and koat 2000 times higher).This property arises from the fact that the specificity site of enterokinase recognizes in trypsinogen not merely the basic residue of the -Lys-Ile-bond (residues 6 and 7) which is split during activation of the zymogen but also recognizes the sequence -Asp,-Lys (residues 2 to 6) which is present in all of the trypsinogens so far studied.By contrast, aspartyl residues are known to slow down the action of trypsin on the zymogen (autoactivation).The sequence -Asp,,-Lys appears to be essential for the interaction of enterokinase with peptide or protein substrates and inhibitors.For example, the enzyme does not cleave the peptide Val-Alaz-Lys-Ile-Val-Gly and it does not activate chymotrypsinogen A. It does not hydrolyze the fully denatured S-carboxymethyl derivative of chymotrypsinogen and it cleaves exclusively the -Lys-Ile-bond (residues 6 and 7) in S-carboxymethylated bovine trypsinogen.Moreover, enterokinase is not inhibited by relatively high concentrations of soybean trypsin inhibitor or the two pancreatic inhibitors described by Kunitz and Kazal.On the other hand, enterokinase is similar to trypsin in several respects.For example, it is inhibited by oc-tosyllysine chloromethyl ketone and by diisopropylphosphorofluoridate, which suggests that an active serine and a histidine residue participate in the catalytic action of enterokinase.Moreover, enterokinase cleaves the synthetic trypsin substrates benzoylarginine ethyl ester and tosylarginine methyl ester.This probably means that the specificity site of enterokinase is composed of several subsites.One, possibly similar to that of trypsin, is responsible for the binding of low molecular weight basic substrates and inhibitors.
Heat conduction in graphite-nanoplatelet-reinforced polymer nanocomposites (2006)

Heat transport in polymer nanocomposites reinforced with graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) is studied using high-precision thermal conductivity measurements. The resistance to heat conduction across interfaces between GNPs and the polymer matrix has a strong effect on energy transport in the nanocomposites. The thermal conductivity is observed to increase when GNPs are pretreated with nitric acid to improve interfacial bonding. The improvement in the thermal conductivity, however, is much smaller than the corresponding improvement in mechanical properties. The thermal interface resistance extracted from the present thermal conductivity data is comparable to that obtained from the previously reported data on carbon nanotube suspensions.
Sequestration of the Aβ Peptide Prevents Toxicity and Promotes Degradation In Vivo (2010)

Protein aggregation, arising from the failure of the cell to regulate the synthesis or degradation of aggregation-prone proteins, underlies many neurodegenerative disorders. However, the balance between the synthesis, clearance, and assembly of misfolded proteins into neurotoxic aggregates remains poorly understood. Here we study the effects of modulating this balance for the amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide by using a small engineered binding protein (Z(Abeta3)) that binds with nanomolar affinity to Abeta, completely sequestering the aggregation-prone regions of the peptide and preventing its aggregation. Co-expression of Z(Abeta3) in the brains of Drosophila melanogaster expressing either Abeta(42) or the aggressive familial associated E22G variant of Abeta(42) abolishes their neurotoxic effects. Biochemical analysis indicates that monomer Abeta binding results in degradation of the peptide in vivo. Complementary biophysical studies emphasize the dynamic nature of Abeta aggregation and reveal that Z(Abeta3) not only inhibits the initial association of Abeta monomers into oligomers or fibrils, but also dissociates pre-formed oligomeric aggregates and, although very slowly, amyloid fibrils. Toxic effects of peptide aggregation in vivo can therefore be eliminated by sequestration of hydrophobic regions in monomeric peptides, even when these are extremely aggregation prone. Our studies also underline how a combination of in vivo and in vitro experiments provide mechanistic insight with regard to the relationship between protein aggregation and clearance and show that engineered binding proteins may provide powerful tools with which to address the physiological and pathological consequences of protein aggregation.
Effects of an electric field in atomic manipulations (1991)

Some recent scanning-tunneling-microscopy (STM) experiments on atomic-scale manipulation of material surfaces are explained in terms of high-temperature field evaporation, directional walks in an applied field gradient, and the formation of liquid-metal cone, etc. The evaporation fields for metals and the charge states of ions formed by an electric field in the STM configuration are shown to depend on the tip-to-sample distance. The possibility of field evaporating as negative ions is also considered. We find this possibility exists especially for alkali metals and adsorbed atoms of large electron affinity and noble gases. Favorable physical conditions for atomic manipulations are also discussed. In addition, a method for creating a thermally stable top surface layer with an atomic pattern of embedded foreign atoms of one's design, using electric-field manipulations and atomic replacement, is described.
Multi agent based simulation of transport chains (2008)

An agent-based tool for micro-level simulation of transport chains (TAPAS) is described. It is more powerful than traditional approaches as it is able to capture the interactions between individual actors of a transport chain, as well as their heterogeneity and decision making processes. Whereas traditional approaches rely on assumed statistical correlation between different parameters, TAPAS relies on causality, i.e., the decisions and negotiations that lead to the transports being performed. An additional advantage is that TAPAS is able to capture time aspects, such as, the influence of timetables, arrival times, and time-differentiated taxes and fees. TAPAS is composed of two layers, one layer simulating the physical activities taking place in the transport chain, e.g., production, storage, and transports of goods, and another layer simulating the different actors' decision making processes and interaction. The decision layer is implemented as a multi-agent system using the JADE platform, where each agent corresponds to a particular actor. We demonstrate the use of TAPAS by investigating how the actors in a transport chain are expected to act when different types of governmental control policies are applied, such as, fuel taxes, road tolls, and vehicle taxes. By analyzing the costs and environmental effects, TAPAS provides guidance in decision making regarding such control policies. We argue that TAPAS may also complement existing approaches in different ways, for instance by generating input data such as transport demand. Since TAPAS models a larger part of the supply chain, the transport demand is a natural part of the output. Studies may concern operational decisions like choice of consignment size and frequency of deliveries, as well as strategic decisions like where to locate storages, terminals, etc., choice of producer, and adaptation of vehicle fleets.
Automated prostate cancer diagnosis and Gleason grading of tissue microarrays (2005)

We present the results on the development of an automated system for prostate cancer diagnosis and Gleason grading. Images of representative areas of the original Hematoxylin-and-Eosin (H&E)-stained tissue retrieved from each patient, either from a tissue microarray (TMA) core or whole section, were captured and analyzed. The image sets consisted of 367 and 268 color images for the diagnosis and Gleason grading problems, respectively. In diagnosis, the goal is to classify a tissue image into tumor versus non-tumor classes. In Gleason grading, which characterizes tumor aggressiveness, the objective is to classify a tissue image as being from either a low- or high-grade tumor. Several feature sets were computed from the image. The feature sets considered were: (i) color channel histograms, (ii) fractal dimension features, (iii) fractal code features, (iv) wavelet features, and (v) color, shape and texture features computed using Aureon Biosciences' MAGIC system. The linear and quadratic Gaussian classifiers together with a greedy search feature selection algorithm were used. For cancer diagnosis, a classification accuracy of 94.5% was obtained on an independent test set. For Gleason grading, the achieved accuracy of classification into low- and high-grade classes of an independent test set was 77.6%.
Manufacturing decision making with FACTOR (1992)

Article Free Access Share on Manufacturing decision making with FACTOR Author: William R. Lilegdon View Profile Authors Info & Claims WSC '92: Proceedings of the 24th conference on Winter simulationDecember 1992 Pages 361–365https://doi.org/10.1145/167293.167377Published:01 December 1992Publication History 2citation148DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads148Last 12 Months4Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Molecular cytogenetic characterization of pancreas cancer cell lines reveals high complexity chromosomal alterations (2007)

Karyotype analysis can provide clues to significant genes involved in the genesis and growth of pancreas cancer. The genome of pancreas cancer is complex, and G-band analysis cannot resolve many of the karyotypic abnormalities seen. We studied the karyotypes of 15 recently established cell lines using molecular cytogenetic tools. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis of all 15 lines identified genomic gains of 3q, 8q, 11q, 17q, and chromosome 20 in nine or more cell lines. CGH confirmed frequent loss of chromosome 18, 17p, 6q, and 8p. 14/15 cell lines demonstrated loss of chromosome 18q, either by loss of a copy of chromosome 18 (n = 5), all of 18q (n = 7) or portions of 18q (n = 2). Multicolor FISH (Spectral Karyotyping, or SKY) of 11 lines identified many complex structural chromosomal aberrations. 93 structurally abnormal chromosomes were evaluated, for which SKY added new information to 67. Several potentially site-specific recurrent rearrangements were observed. Chromosome region 18q11.2 was recurrently involved in nine cell lines, including formation of derivative chromosomes 18 from a t(18;22) (three cell lines), t(17;18) (two cell lines), and t(12;18), t(15;18), t(18;20), and ins(6;18) (one cell line each). To further define the breakpoints involved on chromosome 18, YACs from the 18q11.2 region, spanning approximately 8 Mb, were used to perform targeted FISH analyses of these lines. We found significant heterogeneity in the breakpoints despite their G-band similarity, including multiple independent regions of loss proximal to the already identified loss of DPC4 at 18q21.
Crystal Transformation from Anhydrous α-Maltose to Hydrous β-Maltose and from Anhydrous Trehalose to Hydrous Trehalose (2000)

Anhydrous sugars such as maltose and trehalose are useful for making dry powder of foods and liquids. The crystal-transformation rate of maltose and trehalose were investigated under humid conditions and by kneading. The enthalpy for solubilization was 7.0 kJ/mol for the anhydrous maltose. The crystal-transformation rate of anhydrous alpha-maltose to hydrous beta-maltose depended on the temperature at 75% humidity. However, that of anhydrous trehalose did not depend on the temperature, and transformation was very rapid. An anomeric change to maltose and no such change to trehalose might have caused this. The activation energy of crystal transformation was 79 kJ/mol for maltose and zero for trehalose. The rate of crystal transformation of anhydrous maltose while kneading depended on the purity of the anhydrous alpha-maltose and the amount of water present. This crystal transformation rate fitted the Avrami equation.
Target recognition with high-fidelity target signatures and adaptive waveforms in MIMO radar (2015)

In previous work, we have demonstrated the advantage of a closed-loop radar system that provides a feedback loop from radar receiver to transmitter in a widely separated multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar scenario. The results for widely separated MIMO radar showed performance benefit when exploiting spatial diversity with adaptive waveforms. However, the bistatic target signatures used in prior work were simply assumed to be impulse functions with complex-Gaussian reflectivity, which models a wide bistatic angle having poor range resolution. In this work, we use high-fidelity bistatic target signatures obtained by commercial electromagnetic FDTD software (XFdtd), and apply to the widely separated MIMO radar scenario. We optimize the waveform based on both the bistatic and monostatic target signatures and compare the performance to non-optimized (wideband) and partially optimized (optimized for monostatic target signatures only) waveforms. We also compare to results that ignore either the bistatic path (exploit monostatic only) or the monostatic path (exploit bistatic only). Constant-modulus constraints are enforced on the adaptive waveforms, and template-based classification is adopted for final decision.
Digital signal processing : mathematical and computational methods, software development and applications (2003)

Part I Mathematical Methods for Signal Analysis Introduction to complex analysis the delta function and the Green's function Fourmet series the Fourier transform, convolution and correlation, the sampling theorem, the Laplace transform the Hilbert transform and quadrature detection, modulation and demodulation, the wavelet transform, the z-transform, the Wigner transform. Part II Computational Techniques in Linear Algebra Basic linear algebra, types of linear systems, formal methods of solution direct methods of solution iterative improvement vector and matrix norms, conditioning and the condition number, the least squares method iterative methods of solution the conjugate gradient method the computation of eigen values and eigen vectors. Part III Programming and Software Engineering Number systems and numerical error, programming languages, software design methods, structured and modular programming software engineering for DSP in C. Part IV Digital Signal Processing Methods Algorithms and Building a Library Digital frequency filtering, the DFT and FFT, computing with the FFT, spectral leakage and windowing inverse filters, the Wiener filter, the matched filter, constrained deconvolution, homomorphic filtering noise and chaos Bayesian estimation methods, the maximum entropy method, spectral extrapolation FIR and IIR filters, non-stationary signal processing random fractal and multi-random-fractal signals.
Heparin‐Induced Thrombocytopenia: Treatment Options and Special Considerations (2007)

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an immune-mediated adverse effect that typically manifests several days after the start of heparin therapy, although both rapid- and delayed-onset HIT have been described. Its most serious complication is thrombosis. Although not all patients develop thrombosis, it can be life threatening. The risk of developing HIT is related to many factors, including the type of heparin product administered, route of administration, duration of therapy, patient population, and previous exposure to heparin. The diagnosis of HIT is typically based on clinical presentation, exposure to heparin, and presence of thrombocytopenia with or without thrombosis. Antigen and activation laboratory assays are available to support the diagnosis of HIT. However, because of the limited sensitivity and specificity of these assays, bedside probability scales for HIT were developed. When HIT is suspected, prompt cessation of all heparin therapy is necessary, along with initiation of alternative anticoagulant therapy. Two direct thrombin inhibitors--argatroban and lepirudin--are approved for the management of HIT in the United States, and bivalirudin is approved for use in patients with HIT who are undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Other agents, although not approved to manage HIT, have also been used; however, their role in therapy requires further evaluation. A comprehensive HIT management strategy involves the evaluation of numerous factors. Many patients, including those undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery, those with acute coronary syndromes, those with hepatic or renal insufficiency, and children, require special attention. Clinicians must become familiar with the available information on this serious adverse effect and its treatment so that optimum patient management strategies may be formulated.