gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF FURAN, PYRIDINE, AND BENZIMIDAZOLE ANALOGS OF ISOFLAVONES (1980)

Abstract Das Furyl‐acetophenon (I) reagiert mit Acetanhydrid/Triethylamin zum Chromon (II), bzw. mit Orthoameisensäureethylester/Pyridin zum Chromon(VI) Diese Verbindungen können nach üblichen Methoden in die Derivate (III) bzw. (VII) bis (X) übergeführt werden.
Electronic Conduction in Mg Doped In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Single Crystals (1985)

Mg doped In 2 O 3 single crystals are prepared by flux method and their electronic conduction is investigated. Since Mg acts as an acceptor impurity, electrical resistivity of the In 2 O 3 crystal increases and electron concentration decreases by doping with Mg. The crystals are n-type and the lowest value of electron concentration is about 2×10 16 /cm 3 . The electron concentration and electron mobility of the crystals are found to be almost independent of the temperature. The experimental results are explained by assuming that the acceptors, Mg ions which replace In ions, are almost completely compensated by the native donors, the oxygen vacancies, in In 2 O 3 crystals.
Improved Camshift with adaptive searching window (2012)

Camshift is widely used real-time algorithm in video target tracking field. The size of searching window (SW) is a key factor of Camshift, and bigger or smaller size of SW will both decrease the real-time feature of Camshift. In this paper, a accelerated Camshift with adaptive searching window (ACASW) was proposed. Firstly the meanshift process and computational cost (CC) were modeled, and the relationship between the size of SW and CC was analyzed quantificationally, then the optimized size of SW was deduced, which was used in the proposed algorithm. From the experimental results it can be seen that, compared to the traditional Camshift with fixed EW, the proposed algorithm can reduce the computing time effectively, which improve the real-time feature of the algorithm.
Enhancement of Healing in Osteochondral Defects by Collagen Sponge Implants (1979)

Implants of porous, highly cross-linked collagen sponge (CS) were tested for their capacity to enhance the healing of osteochondral defects in rabbits. Comparison was made to the healing of similar defects with polyvinyl alcohol sponge (PVAS) implants and with no implants (CONT). Evaluation was carried out up to 44 weeks following implantation and included observation of host cellular response, biodegradability of implant, gross appearance of restored joint surface, collagenous architecture of repair tissue, and properties of the junctions of implants and host articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and medullary bone. Collagen sponge proved most effective in promoting healing of osteochondral defects with fibrous and fibrocartilaginous tissue over restored subchondral bone. Collagen sponge showed many desirable properties as a potential material for biologic resurfacing of damaged joints. These properties included porosity, biodegradability, biocompatability, ability to mechanically protect cells and matrix while directing cell ingrowth, and an available chemical technology for modifying its biomechanical and biological properties. Comparative analysis of results of healing of CS, PVAS, and CONT osteochondral defects suggest rational design criteria for implant materials to improve their effectiveness in restoration of articular surfaces.
Idiopathic Adrenal Hypoplasia in Children (1972)

The cases of 10 patients with adrenal hypoplasia are reported, including two occurring in siblings; one in a monozygous twin with adrenal hypoplasia whose twin had adrenal glands of normal size; one in a trizygous triplet with adrenal hypoplasia, whose two siblings had no evidence of adrenal hypoplasia; and two in infants who were small for their gestational ages. Although all 10 infants had clinical signs consistent with adrenal insufficiency, this diagnosis was not made clinically in any case, and postmortem studies failed to provide anatomic evidence of adrenal insufficiency. Morphologically normal, but miniature, adrenal glands were found in nine of the ten patients.
Preparation of surface‐modified poly(butylene terephthalate) nonwovens and their application as leukocyte removal filters (2009)

Blood transfusion-related adverse reactions have been reported to be caused by leukocytes in blood products. It is now generally accepted that it would be highly desirable to reduce leukocytes level as low as possible. In this study, melt-blown poly(butylene terephthalate) nonwoven (PBT-NW) was treated with a hydroxyapatite (HA) surface-modification method for removal of leukocytes from blood components. Acrylic acid was graft-polymerized onto the surface of the PBT-NW after oxygen plasma glow discharge treatment. The PBT-NW surface was covered with a thin layer of HA produced by immersing the polymer surface in an aqueous solution containing high concentrations of PO(4) (3-) and Ca(2+) after graft-polymerization of acrylic acid, which provided the nucleus for HA crystallization. The surface was characterized using water contact angles, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR), and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis. When filtration was performed with a unit of red blood cell concentrates, HA-deposited PBT-NW (PBT-HA) removed 98.5% of the leukocytes and recovered 99.5% of the erythrocytes, suggesting that HA-deposited PBT-NW is a very promising blood filter for selective removal of leukocytes.
Homocystinuria and Megaloblastic Anemia Responsive to Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>Therapy (1984)

We describe an inborn error of vitamin B12 metabolism in an infant who had severe developmental delay, megaloblastic anemia, and homocystinuria. There was no evidence of methylmalonic aciduria or deficiency of folate or vitamin B12. Treatment with hydroxocobalamin, but not with cyanocobalamin and folic acid, resulted in rapid clinical and biochemical improvement. Cultured fibroblasts showed an absolute growth requirement for methionine, defective incorporation of radioactivity from [14C]5-methyltetrahydrofolate into protein, and normal incorporation of radioactivity from [14C]propionate, thus assigning the intracellular defect to methionine synthesis. The proportion of intracellular methylcobalamin in the fibroblasts was decreased, but that of 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin was normal. Methionine synthetase activity in cell extracts was normal, as was cobalamin incorporation into cultured cells. This defect differs from those described previously in being limited to methylcobalamin accumulation and defective use of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate by intact cells with normal activity of methylmalonyl CoA mutase.
Progressive Isoinertial Lifting Evaluation (1988)

The Progressive Isoinertial Lifting Evaluation (PILE), as described in Part I of this series of articles, is a simplified test combining psychophysical and isoinertial protocols to provide an unconstrained lifting assessment. In the second part of this study, 100 chronically disabled low-back pain patients (57 men and 43 women) were studied at two points: 1) at initial evaluation, when referred for possible entry into a comprehensive Functional Restoration treatment program; and 2) at the conclusion of the treatment (an average 7 weeks later). Results of simultaneous lumbar PILE and Cybex Liftask (Lumex, Ronkonkoma, NY) tests are presented, showing that patients may frequently double or triple initial lifting capacity after undergoing the functional restoration training program, achieving lifting levels at or above normal for incumbent industrial workers. Overall, results demonstrate that the PILE test can be an effective baseline screening test for lifting capacity under certain circumstances. Although several drawbacks affecting the PILE as an isolated test are discussed, its usefulness as part of a battery of physical capacity tests making up a quantitative functional evaluation is clearly demonstrated. Finally, the potential use of PILE as a safe, inexpensive, simple, and relevant screening test for frequent lifting capacity in worker selection is discussed.
Two subsets of peripheral blood plasma cells defined by differential expression of CD45 antigen (1997)

The purpose of this study was to optimize the flow cytometric determination of circulating normal and malignant plasma cells (PC). We investigated peripheral blood (PB) samples of 65 patients with multiple myeloma or monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance and 47 control subjects using CD38, CD45, B-B4, CD56, VLA-4, VLA-5 and CD19 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). Mono- or polyclonality was determined by staining of intracellular kappa and lambda light chains. Two subpopulations of PBPC were distinguished by differential expression of CD45. CD45 positive (CD45+) PC showed a more immature morphology and were detected in all groups. They were polyclonal in the control subjects and either poly- or monoclonal in the myeloma patients. In contrast, CD45 negative (CD45-) PBPC only occurred in myeloma patients and were consistently monoclonal, their presence being significantly associated with high disease activity (P < 0.001). Although detection of CD45- PBPC using CD38 or B-B4 MoAbs lead to similar results. CD45+ PBPC often were recognized to a lesser extent by B-B4 than by CD38 MoAbs. In conclusion, normal and malignant circulating PC can reliably be identified using CD38 and CD45 MoAbs. CD45 expression separates PBPC into two subsets of which the CD45- one only occurs in myeloma patients.
Rational design of metallic nanocavities for resonantly enhanced four-wave mixing (2015)

Optimizing the shape of nanostructures and nano-antennas for specific optical properties has evolved to be a very fruitful activity. With modern fabrication tools a large variety of possibilities is available for shaping both nanoparticles and nanocavities; in particular nanocavities in thin metal films have emerged as attractive candidates for new metamaterials and strong linear and nonlinear optical systems. Here we rationally design metallic nanocavities to boost their Four-Wave Mixing response by resonating the optical plasmonic resonances with the incoming and generated beams. The linear and nonlinear optical responses as well as the propagation of the electric fields inside the cavities are derived from the solution of Maxwell's equations by using the 3D finite-differences time domain method. The observed conversion-efficiency of near-infrared to visible light equals or surpasses that of BBO of equivalent thickness. Implications to further optimization for efficient and broadband ultrathin nonlinear optical materials are discussed.
Charge stripping of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">U</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mn>238</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>ion beam by helium gas stripper (2012)

Development of a nondestructive, efficient electric-charge-stripping method is a key requirement for next-generation high-intensity heavy-ion accelerators such as the RIKEN Radioactive-Isotope Beam Factory. A charge stripper employing a low-$Z$ gas is an important candidate applicable to high-intensity uranium beams for replacing carbon-foil strippers. In this study, a high-beam-transmission charge-stripping system employing helium gas for $^{238}\mathrm{U}$ beams injected at $10.8\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/\mathrm{u}$ was developed and demonstrated for the first time. The charge-state evolution measured using helium in a thickness range of $0.24--1.83\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{mg}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ is compared with theoretical predictions. Energy attenuation and energy spread due to the helium stripper are also investigated.
Plasma histamine changes during provoked bronchospasm in asthmatic patients (1976)

Seven patients with bronchial asthma underwent bronchial inhalation challenge with aerosolized allergen extracts and methacholine. Simultaneously, venous blood samples were collected and histamine was measured. Each patient was challenged on successive days with an allergen extract to which he had no skin-sensitizing antibody (skin test-negative allergen), followed by methacholine and skin test-positive allergen. Bronchospasm was not induced by inhalation of skin test-negative allergens but was observed in all patients after methacholine and in the majority of patients after skin test-positive allergens. No changes in plasma histamine were detected after challenges with methacholine and skin test-negative allergens. After challenge with skin test-positive allergens, significant rises in plasma histamine were detected in 5 of 7 patients. Plasma histamine was elevated within the first 5 min after inhalation of aerosolized allergen, and elevations persisted as long as 30 min. These studies showing that histamine increases significantly in the plasma during allergen-induced asthma in man suggest that histamine should be considered as at least one of the mediators of bronchospasm in allergic asthma. Bronchospasm induced by the cholinergic drug methacholine, unlike allergen-induced bronchospasm, is not associated with changes in plasma histamine.
Linear and star-shaped benzimidazolyl derivatives: syntheses, photophysical properties and use as highly efficient electron transport materials in OLEDs (2009)

Five benzimidazolyl functionalized linear and star-shaped molecules have been synthesized using Ullmann condensation methods. These molecules all possess deep LUMO energy levels and large HOMO-LUMO energy gaps ranging from 3.55 to 3.95 eV. All five compounds are fluorescent with emission in the UV region, and display high thermal and morphological stability. One of these star-shaped molecules, 2,4,5-tris(benzimidazolyl)-1,3,5-triazine, has been demonstrated to be a highly effective electron transport/hole blocking material in organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) with performance comparable to the commonly used electron transport material Alq(3) (q = 8-hydroxyquinolinate). In addition, metal ion titrations have established that these ligands show a distinct fluorescent response to the addition of Ag(I) or Zn(II) in solution.
An Alternative to the Classical Nerve Graft for the Management of the Short Nerve Gap (1988)

Reconstruction of a short nerve gap by a nerve graft produces donor-site scarring, loss of donor nerve function, and neuroma formation. This study compared the regeneration achieved after 1 year in 16 monkeys across a 3-cm upper arm ulnar nerve gap with a bioabsorbable polyglycolic acid nerve conduit with the regeneration achieved with a classical interfascicular interpositional sural nerve graft. The results demonstrated electrophysiologic and histologic evidence of neural regeneration across the gaps in all experimental groups. The bioabsorbable nerve conduit groups and the sural nerve graft group had mean fiber diameters, amplitudes, and conduction velocities each significantly less than those of normal control ulnar nerves. There was, however, no significant difference between any of the experimental groups. Electromyography demonstrated recovery of 19 of the 28 (68 percent) intrinsic muscles studied. These results demonstrate that the primate peripheral nerve can regenerate across short nerve gaps when guided by an appropriate nerve conduit, suggesting that a single-stage biodegradable polyglycolic acid conduit may be used as an alternative to a short interfascicular nerve graft.
Simple SNP-based minimal marker genotyping for Humulus lupulus L. identification and variety validation (2015)

This study identifies a set of 7 SNP markers that may prove useful for the identification and validation of hop varieties and accessions. Variety validation of unknown samples assumes that the variety under question has been included a priori in a discovery panel. These results are based upon in silica studies and markers need to be validated using different SNP marker technology upon a differential set of hop genotypes. The marker sequence data and suggested primer sets provide potential means to fingerprint hop varieties in most genetic laboratories utilizing SNP-marker technology.
Indoor Multipath Assisted Angle of Arrival Localization (2017)

Indoor radio frequency positioning systems enable a broad range of location aware applications. However, the localization accuracy is often impaired by Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) connections and indoor multipath effects. An interesting evolution in widely deployed communication systems is the transition to multi-antenna devices with beamforming capabilities. These properties form an opportunity for localization methods based on Angle of Arrival (AoA) estimation. This work investigates how multipath propagation can be exploited to enhance the accuracy of AoA localization systems. The presented multipath assisted method resembles a fingerprinting approach, matching an AoA measurement vector to a set of reference vectors. However, reference data is not generated by labor intensive site surveying. Instead, a ray tracer is used, relying on a-priori known floor plan information. The resulting algorithm requires only one fixed receiving antenna array to determine the position of a mobile transmitter in a room. The approach is experimentally evaluated in LOS and NLOS conditions, providing insights in the accuracy and robustness. The measurements are performed in various indoor environments with different hardware configurations. This leads to the conclusion that the proposed system yields a considerable accuracy improvement over common narrowband AoA positioning methods, as well as a reduction of setup efforts in comparison to conventional fingerprinting systems.
Continuous Subcutaneous Glucose Monitoring in Children With Type 1 Diabetes (2002)

Objective-To examine the feasibility of daily use of a continuous glucose monitor, the FreeStyle Navigator™ Continuous Glucose Monitoring System ("Navigator"), in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Research Design and Methods-Following use of a masked Navigator for 4 to 7 days to establish a baseline level of glycemic control, 30 insulin pump users with T1D (average age 11.2 years) were asked to use the Navigator daily for 13 weeks.Results-Subjects averaged 149 hours/week of Navigator use during the first 4 weeks, which decreased slightly to 134 hours/week during weeks 9 to 13 (P=0.006).Mean hemoglobin A1c improved from 7.1% at baseline to 6.8% at 13 weeks (P=0.02)and the percentage of glucose values between 71 and 180 mg/dL increased from 52% to 60% (P=0.01).Subjects and parents reported high satisfaction with the Navigator on the Continuous Glucose Monitor Satisfaction Scale.Two subjects had severe skin reactions related to sensor mount adhesive.Conclusion-This study indicates that incorporating real-time continuous glucose monitoring into the daily management of T1D in children is feasible.The results provide a compelling rationale for conducting a randomized trial of daily use of a continuous glucose monitor in children with T1D.
Reliable Neuronal Systems: The Importance of Heterogeneity (2013)

For every engineer it goes without saying: in order to build a reliable system we need components that consistently behave precisely as they should. It is also well known that neurons, the building blocks of brains, do not satisfy this constraint. Even neurons of the same type come with huge variances in their properties and these properties also vary over time. Synapses, the connections between neurons, are highly unreliable in forwarding signals. In this paper we argue that both these fact add variance to neuronal processes, and that this variance is not a handicap of neural systems, but that instead predictable and reliable functional behavior of neural systems depends crucially on this variability. In particular, we show that higher variance allows a recurrently connected neural population to react more sensitively to incoming signals, and processes them faster and more energy efficient. This, for example, challenges the general assumption that the intrinsic variability of neurons in the brain is a defect that has to be overcome by synaptic plasticity in the process of learning.
Functional roles of hyaluronan in B16-F10 melanoma growth and experimental metastasis in mice. (2003)

Although hyaluronan (HA), a high molecular weight glycosaminoglycan, is generally believed to regulate tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis, functional roles of HA have only been speculated indirectly from the outcome of blocking HA receptors (e.g., CD44). Using a phage display technique, we recently developed a synthetic peptide (GAHWQFNALTVR; Pep-1) that binds to and inhibits the function of HA. In this study, we have used Pep-1 to determine whether HA directly regulates the behavior of tumor cells. B16-F10 melanoma cells, which constitutively expressed CD44, showed significant adhesion to HA-coated plates, and this adhesion was blocked almost completely either by neutralizing antibodies against CD44 or by Pep-1. These results imply that CD44 is the primary HA receptor mediating the adhesive interaction of the melanoma cells with HA substrates. In contrast, Pep-1 failed to inhibit in vitro proliferation of B16-F10 melanoma cells or the in vitro growth of the cells after s.c. inoculation in mice. Importantly, single injection of Pep-1 significantly reduced the incidence of lung metastasis of i.v. inoculated melanoma cells and prolonged the survival of the tumor-bearing animals. These results suggest a direct contribution of HA to one or more steps in the initial seeding of melanoma cells in the lung microenvironment. Our observations also introduce a new concept that synthetic inhibitors of HA may represent unique tools for studying the roles of HA in tumor biology and perhaps a new class of therapeutic reagents.
The Gattermann--Koch Reaction. The Formylation of Isopropylbenzene under Pressure (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Gattermann--Koch Reaction. The Formylation of Isopropylbenzene under PressureNathan N. CrounseCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 4, 1263–1264Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01172a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01172a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views997Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts