gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Nebivolol versus Lisinopril in the Treatment of Essential Arterial Hypertension: A Randomized, Multicentre, Double-blind Study (2003)

The main objective of this study was to compare the anti-hypertensive efficacy and safety of nebivolol (5 mg once daily) and lisinopril (20 mg once daily) given for 12 weeks in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Fourteen centres participated in this randomized, double-blind parallel group study. Sixty-eight patients with uncomplicated mild-to-moderate hypertension were randomized, and sixty-five were eligible for the analysis of efficacy (intention-to-treat). Hypertensive patients were newly diagnosed, or previous antihypertensive therapy was withdrawn at least 1 month before active treatment, and were included in the study if their diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was > 95 and < 114 mmHg. The age range was 24-65 years. The primary endpoints of the study were: (i) response rate: patients were defined as "normalized" responders if their blood pressure values were < 140/90 mmHg, or as "non-normalized" responders if the reduction in blood pressure was 10 mmHg or more, compared with baseline; (ii) changes in sitting blood pressure at the end of the study. The secondary endpoints were: standing blood pressure and sitting or standing heart rate (HR). Results showed that baseline sitting DBP was significantly different between groups. Analysis of covariance of the raw data performed with baseline as covariate demonstrated that the DBP and HR values were significantly lower in the nebivolol group at the 8th week. However, when an analysis of variance for repeated measures was performed, a significant reduction in sitting systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p < 0.0001), DBP (p < 0.0001) and HR (p < 0.0001) was observed throughout the study in both groups. No difference was observed between treatments, although for DBP, a significant interaction between treatment-weeks was observed (p = 0.016). There was also a statistically significant difference in favour of the nebivolol group in the distribution of responders and non-responders at week 8. Lisinopril and nebivolol were equally well tolerated. In conclusion, nebivolol was slightly more effective, in comparison with lisinopril, in terms of reduction in DBP. This greater efficacy was obtained without any increase in adverse effects, since both treatments were equally well tolerated.
Nurses' Health: A New Era in Nurse & Midwife Health (2011)

Since August 2006 almost 500 of our nursing and midwifery colleagues in Victoria have sought help and support with their sensitive health needs, from the Victorian Nurses Health Program.
First Reported Case of Endocarditis Caused by <i>Candida dubliniensis</i> (2005)

Candida dubliniensis is an uncommon cause of bloodstream infection. We describe the first reported case of endocarditis caused by C. dubliniensis and the use of a rapid and novel real-time PCR assay based on the internal transcribed spacer 2 variable region of the rRNA operon that was used to identify this organism.
Colloidal Zn(Te,Se)/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots Exhibiting Narrow-Band and Green Photoluminescence (2018)

Colloidal CdSe quantum dot (QD) phosphors have attracted considerable attention as green and red phosphors for blue backlight downconversion in next-generation liquid-crystal displays because of their excellent emission features including tunable emission wavelength and narrow emission bands. Alternatives to CdSe, which do not contain toxic cadmium, are strongly desired to ensure safety and reduce the environmental load of consumer products. Herein, we synthesized colloidal Zn(Te,Se)/ZnS core/shell QDs and demonstrated narrow-band green photoluminescence (PL) emission. A full width at half-maximum of 30 nm was achieved for PL emission at 535 nm from Zn(Te<sub>0.77</sub>Se<sub>0.23</sub>)/ZnS core/shell QDs with a core QD diameter of 4.3 nm. This emission characteristic was as good as that of CdSe QDs.
Mechanical aspects of mesenchymal morphogenesis (1983)

Many embryonic cells generate substantial contractile forces as they spread and crawl. These forces mechanically deform each cell's local environment, and the resulting distortions can alter subsequent cell movements by convection and the mechanisms of contact guidance and haptotaxis. Here we develop a model for the cumulative effects of these cell-generated forces and show how they can lead to the formation of regular large-scale patterns in cell populations. This model leads to several predictions concerning the effects of cellular and matrix properties on the resulting patterns. We apply the model to two widely studied morphogenetic processes: (a) patterns of skin-organ primordia, especially feather germ formation, and (b) the condensation of cartilagenous skeletal rudiments in the developing vertebrate limb.
Inhibition of cytokine‐induced JAK‐STAT signalling pathways by an endonuclease inhibitor aurintricarboxylic acid (2002)

1. Inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) is thought to involve in host defence and tissue damage in inflammatory loci. In previous study, we have found that the endonuclease inhibitor aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) can protect macrophages from cell death induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. This action is through the interruption with signalling pathways for NF-kappa B and AP-1 activation, and thus iNOS expression. In this study we have addressed the effects of ATA on JAK-STAT signalling pathways. 2. In murine RAW 264.7 macrophages, IFN-gamma-mediated NO production and iNOS expression were concentration-dependently reduced by the presence of 3-100 micro M ATA. 3. IFN-gamma-induced STAT1 activation, as assessed from its tyrosine phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, binding to specific DNA response element and evoked IRF-1 reporter gene assay, were concomitantly inhibited by ATA. However, ATA did not alter IFN-gamma binding to RAW 264.7 cells. 4. The activities of JAK1 and JAK2, the upstream kinases essential for STAT1 signalling in response to IFN-gamma, were also reduced by ATA. 5. Moreover, IL-4, IL-10, GM-CSF and M-CSF elicited tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3, STAT5 and/or STAT6 in macrophages were diminished by the presence of ATA. 6. Taken together, we conclude that ATA can interfere JAK-STAT signalling pathways in response to cytokines. This action contributes to the inhibition of IFN-gamma-induced iNOS expression.
A Strategically Positioned Cation Is Crucial for Efficient Catalysis by Chorismate Mutase (2000)

Combinatorial mutagenesis and in vivo selection experiments previously afforded functional variants of the AroH class Bacillus subtilis chorismate mutase lacking the otherwise highly conserved active site residue Arg(90). Here, we present a detailed kinetic and crystallographic study of several such variants. Removing the arginine side chain (R90G and R90A) reduced catalytic efficiency by more than 5 orders of magnitude. Reintroducing a positive charge to the active site through lysine substitutions restored more than a factor of a thousand in k(cat). Remarkably, the lysine could be placed at position 90 or at the more remote position 88 provided a sterically suitable residue was present at the partner site. Crystal structures of the double mutants C88S/R90K and C88K/R90S show that the lysine adopts an extended conformation that would place its epsilon-ammonium group within hydrogen-bonding distance of the ether oxygen of bound chorismate in the transition state. These results provide support for the hypothesis that developing negative charge in the highly polarized transition state is stabilized electrostatically by a strategically placed cation. The implications of this finding for the mechanism of all natural chorismate mutases and for the design of artificial catalysts are discussed.
Hiding memory latency using dynamic scheduling in shared-memory multiprocessors (1992)

The large latency of memory accesses is a major impediment to achieving high performance in large scale shared-memory multi-processsors. Relaxing the memory consistency model is an attractive technique for hiding this latency by allowing the overlap of memory accesses with other computation and memory accesses. Previous studies on relaxed models have shown that the latency of write accesses can be hidden by buffering writes and allowing reads to bypass pending writes. Hiding the latency of reads by exploiting the overlap allowed by relaxed models is inherently more difficult, however, simply because the processor depends on the return value for its future computation.
Contribution of chondrocytes on the viscoelasticity of agarose gel matrix (2002)

This study examines a model system consisting of isolated bovine articular chondrocytes embedded in agarose gel matrx. In order to make clear the effect of the vicoelasticity of the chondrocyte on the viscoelastic properties of gel matrix, stress relacxation experiments were performed. An empirical equation was proposed to describe the relaxation modulus of the model system. The effect of the modulus of the cell viscoelasticity was determined by analyzing the change as afuction of cell cell content in the parameters determined by the fitting the data to the empirical equation.
Calculation of limiting young's moduli of rigid-rod polymers including poly-p-phenylene benzobisthiazole (PBT) (1987)

Limiting Young's modulus along the chain direction has been calculated based on the lattice dynamical theory for the several rigid-rod polymers: 371.0 GPa for poly-p-phenylene benzobisthiazole (PBT) (macroscopic modulus ca. 250 GPa), 275.1GPa for poly-p-phenylene, 588.3GPa for poly-pbenzobisthiazole, and 505.3GPa for poly-p-phenylene pyromellitimide (macroscopic modulus ca. 130GPa). The difference in the Young's modulus among these polymers has been discussed based on the atomic displacements and potential energy distribution calculated for the tensile deformation of the chains. Tentative band assignments of the infrared and Raman spectra of PBT were made in order to check the propriety of the force field used in the above calculation.
A pilot study of inhaled methoxyflurane for procedural analgesia in children (2006)

On the basis of this small pilot study of MF use in children in the ED, this agent appears to be a powerful analgesic. MF seems most useful as a self-titrated bridging analgesic agent in patients after extremity trauma. It appears less useful as a procedural agent when patients are unable to anticipate and achieve a sufficient level of analgesia before painful stimulus infliction. Pre- and intraprocedure coaching is an important aspect of its use especially if initial pain scores are low.
SSA/RO52gene and expressed sequence tags in an 85 kb region of chromosome segment 11p15.5 (2000)

Frequent allelic loss in lung cancer has been described in a region on chromosome segment 11p15.5 (LOH11A). The region is approximately 650 kb in size and flanked by the markers D11S988 centromeric and D11S860 telomeric. Clinical and cell biological studies suggest that it contains a gene associated with metastatic tumor spread. One of the genes identified within this region is SSA/Ro52, which has a RING finger domain and may be involved in gene regulation. We studied this gene for mutations using SSCP analysis and for expression using RT-PCR and Western blotting on lung cancer cell lines and tumor-normal tissue pairs. No mutations and no differences in mRNA or protein expression between tumor tissue and normal tissue pairs were identified. We discovered a novel polymorphic site (SSA44C/T) within exon 1 of this gene. Among 141 primary lung cancers, allelic loss was observed in 16% of informative cases. Our analyses excluded SSA/Ro52 as a tumor-suppressor gene in lung cancer and newly defined the centromeric border of the LOH11A region from D11S988 previously to SSA44C/T. This reduced the region of the putative suppressor gene to 460 to 485 kb. A significant difference (p = 0.01) in the frequency of alleles for this polymorphism between Caucasians and African-Americans was observed. The "T" allele frequency was 0.12 in Caucasians and 0.23 in African-Americans. A genomic EcoRI map over 85 kb surrounding the SSA/Ro52 gene was constructed, and 4 expressed sequence tags were identified by sequencing and studied.
The Study of NO<sub>2</sub> Gas Sensor Based on NASICON (2014)

NASICON materials can be used as the solid electrolyte component in the sensor system, because they have excellent Na + conductivity. This study prepares NASICON materials by solid state reaction method, and their phase, microstructure and electrical property will be characterized by XRD, SEM and EIS. Then an amperometric NO 2 sensor is fabricated to detect NO 2 gas in the level of ppb. The sensor current signal will be studied by changing different NO 2 concentrations, employing different materials on the counter electrode and using different applied voltages when the working temperature is 150°C.
Patient-Specific Computer Simulation to Elucidate the Role of Contact Pressure in the Development of New Conduction Abnormalities After Catheter-Based Implantation of a Self-Expanding Aortic Valve (2018)

Patient-specific computer simulations revealed that maximum contact pressure and contact pressure index are both associated with new conduction abnormalities after CoreValve/Evolut R implantation and can predict which patient will have conduction abnormalities.
Missing Data Handling Methods in Medical Device Clinical Trials (2009)

One of the major problems in the analysis of clinical trials is missing data caused by patients dropping out before study completion. The issue of missing data can result in biased treatment comparisons and can impact the interpretation of study results. Since the missing data mechanism is unknown and unverifiable in most situations, regulatory agencies often request various sensitivity analyses for handling missing data to evaluate the robustness of study results. This article discusses methods used to handle missing data in medical device clinical trials, focusing on tipping-point analysis as a general approach for the assessment of missing data impact. Tipping points are outcomes that result in a change of study conclusion. Such outcomes can be conveyed to clinical reviewers to determine if they are implausibly unfavorable. The analysis aids clinical reviewers in making judgment regarding treatment effect in the study. Three examples with a reasonably representative range of missing data rate are included to illustrate the methods referred.
Who do you trust? Americans' perspectives on health care, 1997-2001. (2002)

A turbulent backlash against managed care in the mid-1990s pitted consumers and health care providers against health plans in a struggle for control over medical decision making. New findings from the Center for Studying Health System Change (HSC) Community Tracking Study Household Survey indicate consumer confidence in the system and trust in physicians increased slightly between 1997 and 2001, perhaps as a result of changes in laws and loosening of health plan restrictions. Nevertheless, there is strong evidence of continued public concern about the influence of health plans on medical decision making. For example, the level of trust in their physicians among people in fair or poor health has not increased, and more than 40 percent of privately insured Americans continue to believe their doctor is strongly influenced by health plan rules when deciding about their care.
Photonic Digital to Analog conversion (2008)

A digital-to-analog (DAC) converter based on an integrated optics multielectrode Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is presented and analyzed. The device described has superior performance regarding both linearity and dynamic range. The improvements are achieved by utilizing a special mapping method between the digital input sequence and the set of analog voltages applied to the electrodes, and by an optimized sectioning method for the electrodes.
Electrorefining of Aluminum in C6mimCl + AlCl3 ionic Liquid At near Room Temperature (2002)

The electrorefining of aluminum using ionic liquids has been investigated. The electrolyte consisted of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C6mimCl) ionic liquid mixed with anhydrous AlCl3. Impure anode (80% wt-Al) and copper cathodes were used. The effects of electrolyte composition, cell voltage and temperature on the electrolytic process were studied. The products were analyzed using XRD, mass spectrometer and emission spectrometer. Bright, fine grained aluminum deposits were obtained at the cathode with a current efficiency of 99%. Low temperatures, low energy consumption and no pollutant emissions are the advantages of this process over the current industrial processes.
Mining Relatednsess Graphs for Data Integration. (2012)

In this paper, we present the AbsMatcher system for schema matching which uses a graph based approach.The primary contribution of this paper is the development of new types of relationships for generating graph edges and the effectiveness of integrating schemas using those graphs.AbsMatcher creates a graph of related attributes within a schema, mines similarity between attributes in different schemas, and then combines all information using the ABSURDIST graph matching algorithm.The attribute-to-attribute relationships this paper focuses on are semantic in nature and have few requirements for format or structure.These relationships sources provide a baseline which can be improved upon with relationships specific to formats, such as XML or a relational database.Simulations demonstrate how the use of automatically mined graphs of within-schema relationships, when combined with cross-schema pair-wise similarity, can result in matching accuracy not attainable by either source of information on its own.
Fuzzy Inference System Based on a Model of Affective-Cognitive Criteria (2015)

Criterion-referenced assessment (CRA) uses a narrowly-defined set of skill criteria that can guide teacher to assess student grade by comparing student learning score with the criteria. However, the use of CRA is regarded as incomplete as most of the criteria in general based on student skill of knowledge. Affective factors also need to be considered in the assessment. Nonetheless, measuring affective factors is not as straightforward a task as measuring cognitive factors because the quantification is often represented in linguistic terms. In this study, affective factors and cognitive factors based on CRA are modeled together for a combined assessment. A questionnaire to measure student affective attributes is developed. A novel method of fuzzy inference system (FIS) to infer student achievement in English learning based on CRA is proposed. The method was applied to an analysis of data collected from students studying English as a second language. The result indicates the usefulness of the FIS based on CRA as a basis to assess student performances by using affective and cognitive factors.
Photoionization processes in barium fluorohalide crystals doped with Eu<sup>2+</sup> (2001)

The absorption, excitation and photostimulation spectra and thermoluminescence creation spectra of pure BaFX (X = Br, Cl) and BaFX:Eu2+ single crystals were studied in the vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) region 5-10 eV at temperatures of 6-300 K. Creation of a VK thermoluminescence peak was observed when the BaFX:Eu2+ crystal was illuminated with VUV photons with energies above 6 eV while band-to-band transitions begin above 8-9 eV. Low-temperature photostimulation spectra for Eu2+ luminescence created by 6-7 eV photons show new bands in the infrared region, with intensities directly proportional to the Eu2+ concentration. However, the same infrared photostimulation bands for exciton luminescence were also observed for undoped crystals after x-ray irradiation. Therefore, a trace concentration of the shallow electron traps is present in each undoped and Eu-doped BaFBr and BaFCl crystal. The results show that self-trapped holes and electrons are trapped on different non-europium centres, created by VUV photons in BaFX:Eu2+ crystals at low temperature. It was concluded that Eu2+ ions assist in the creation of free electrons and self-trapped holes by photons with an energy 2-3 eV lower than those of band-to-band transitions.
U.N. Declaration of the Rights of the Child (1970)

The Right to:1. affection, love and understanding.2. adequate nutrition and medical care.3. free education.4. full opportunity for play and recreation.5. a name and nationality.6. special care if handicapped.7. be among the first to receive relief in times of disaster.8. learn to be a useful member of society and to develop individual abilities.9. be brought up in a spirit of peace and universal brotherhood.10. enjoy these rights regardless of race, color, sex, religion, national or social origin.
Low doses of gamma irradiation potentially modifies immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by retuning tumor-associated macrophages: lesson from insulinoma (2016)

Tumor infiltrating iNOS+ macrophages under the influence of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment gets polarized to tumor-promoting and immunosuppressive macrophages, known as tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). Their recruitment and increased density in the plethora of tumors has been associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Therefore, retuning of TAM to M1 phenotype would be a key for effective immunotherapy. Radiotherapy has been a potential non-invasive strategy to improve cancer immunotherapy and tumor immune rejection. Irradiation of late-stage tumor-bearing Rip1-Tag5 mice twice with 2 Gy dose resulted in profound changes in the inflammatory tumor micromilieu, characterized by induction of M1-associated effecter cytokines as well as reduction in protumorigenic and M2-associated effecter cytokines. Similarly, in vitro irradiation of macrophages with 2 Gy dose-induced expression of iNOS, NO, NFκBpp65, pSTAT3 and proinflammatory cytokines secretion while downregulating p38MAPK which are involved in iNOS translation and acquisition of an M1-like phenotype. Enhancement of various M2 effecter cytokines and angiogenic reprogramming in iNOs+ macrophage depleted tumors and their subsequent reduction by 2 Gy dose in Rip1-Tag5 transgenic mice furthermore demonstrated a critical role of peritumoral macrophages in the course of gamma irradiation mediated M1 retuning of insulinoma.
Characteristics and reliability of high-power GaAs/AlGaAs laser diodes with a decoupled confinement heterostructure (1998)

High Power GaAs/AlGaAs laser diodes with a decoupled confinement heterostructure (DCH) have been developed. This novel structure features broadened waveguide layers and thin carrier block layers sandwiching an active layer. Catastrophic optical damage (COD) level was twice as high as the corresponding separated confinement heterostructure (SCH) laser diode due to the improvement of mode profiles. Al- content of cladding layers is greatly reduced in DCH laser diode without degrading temperature characteristics. The decrease of electrical and thermal resistivities allows high- power and high-efficiency operation. CW output, 4.6 W was obtained with a 50 micrometer-aperture 809 nm DCH laser diode. The maximum efficiency was 49% at 2.8 W. Life test was carried out over 2,000 hours under the conditions of 1.0 W - 50 degrees Celsius. The median life was estimated to be more then ten thousand hours at this condition. Decoupled confinement heterostructure is advantageous for the fabrication of the index guided structure, since the reduction of chemically active Al-composition relieves the process difficulties related to the chemical etching and the selective re-growth. Index guided laser diode with a buried ridge structure presented 400 mW single mode operation at 860 nm. The life test was carried out under the conditions of 300 mW - 50 degrees Celsius. All the 25 devices showed no failure up to 7,000 hours.