gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards combining web classification and web information extraction (2009)

Web content analysis often has two sequential and separate steps: Web Classification to identify the target Web pages, and Web Information Extraction to extract the metadata contained in the target Web pages. This decoupled strategy is highly ineffective since the errors in Web classification will be propagated to Web information extraction and eventually accumulate to a high level. In this paper we study the mutual dependencies between these two steps and propose to combine them by using a model of Conditional Random Fields (CRFs). This model can be used to simultaneously recognize the target Web pages and extract the corresponding metadata. Systematic experiments in our project OfCourse for online course search show that this model significantly improves the F1 value for both of the two steps. We believe that our model can be easily generalized to many Web applications.
Estimation of vital signs in bed from a single unobtrusive mechanical sensor: Algorithms and real-life evaluation (2008)

A single contact-less mechanical sensor is exploited for estimating three vital signs during sleep, namely, the heart rate, the breathing rate and an activity index related to the body movements. Robust estimations are achieved over epochs of 30 seconds. The data processing is performed with standard DSP techniques leading to an integrated solution for dealing with body motion artifacts. The algorithms are described and evaluated over a one-hundred night corpus collected from real-life recordings of healthy subjects and sleep-laboratory patients. Results show that the average error of the heart rate is of 1.25 beat per minute compared to the reference values from an ECG and the coverage of the mechanically derived estimates is 83%.
Leptin Interferes with Adrenocorticotropin/3′,5′-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) Signaling, Possibly through a Janus Kinase 2-Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt-Phosphodiesterase 3-cAMP Pathway, to Down-Regulate Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Cytochrome P450 Enzyme in Human Adrenocortical NCI-H295 Cell Line (2006)

Leptin interferes with ACTH/cAMP signaling, possibly through a cAMP-degrading mechanism involving activation of JAK2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and PDE3, to down-regulate P450scc expression and consequent adrenal steroidogenesis.
The Use of Single Event Evoked Cerebral Potentials to Predict Stimulus Identifications (1990)

An experiment was conducted to determine the feasibility of using waveform features of the single trial transient evoked cerebral potential as a predictor of a simple “YES or NO” decision response. Six subjects, who were tested in a stimulus identification test, were shown a 100-trial sequence of instruction stimulus sets to which they decided by a button push whether the stimulus agreed with the instruction. The Electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded during the test, along with a stimulus trigger pulse used to align the EEG with the stimulus. The coefficents of a Linear Predictor Coding model fit to the post-stimulus, evoked potential signals were used as inputs for training and testing a supervised, hidden layer, neural network representation of the decisionmaking process. The resultant error rate computed using the “leaving one out” procedure, varies from 32-% to 46-% for predicting the decisions made by the subjects.
Cerebrospinal fluid adrenaline and noradrenaline in depressed patients (1980)

Mean adrenaline concentration in cerebrospinal fluid measured by a sensitive and specific isotope-derivative assay was significantly lower in 15 depressed patients during illness compared with 18 control subjects. At the time of recovery cerebrospinal adrenaline levels had increased markedly to normal levels. Cerebrospinal fluid noradrenaline did not differ in patients compared with controls. The present findings suggest that adrenaline as a neurotransmitter may be involved in affective disorders.
Towards a 3D geo-data model to support pedestrian routing in multimodal public transport travel advices (2011)

Current web-based multimodal travel planners are able to generate adequate travel advises for public transport journeys using timetable information, but they lack detailed pedestrian routing for the walking parts of a journey. This paper describes an approach to support pedestrian routing in multimodal travel advises. It focuses on a 3D data model to support finding of an optimal route for the individual public transport traveller taking into account his specific preferences and constrains (e.g., wheelchair) for the pedestrian part of the journey. Existing standards and models are explored to investigate approaches to develop such a 3D geo data model. An important characteristic of this 3D model is that no difference is made between indoor and outdoor spaces. The model is a combination of networks and surfaces with corresponding attributes and behaviour. The possible pedestrian connections are modelled by combining so called NodeSurfaces and LinkSurfaces to compute the possible routes. Attributes of LinkSurface such as the direction (including up/down in 3D), the accessibility and pedestrian duration for a specific traveller, support the computation of the optimal routes. A prototype using this new conceptual geo data model was implemented in Oracle 11 g and results were visualized in Google Earth. Oracle Spatial 11 g network shortest route capabilities for logical network are used for finding the optimal route for individual travellers with specific speed and accessibility properties. The developed prototype and performed tests have proven that this approach is very beneficial for enhancing the traditional journey timetables with routing for the walking part of the journey.
Avionics architecture study for air mobility command aircraft (2002)

New standards for air traffic management (ATM) are being developed within official aeronautical organizations throughout the world. The Air Force Air Mobility Command (AMC) is planning for new avionics or avionics upgrades to ensure its aircraft have airspace access worldwide. AMC tasked the air traffic control and landing systems (ATCALS) system program office (SPO) of the Air Force Electronic Systems Center (ESC) at Hanscom Air Force Base (AFB), Massachusetts, to investigate avionics architectures for equipping AMC aircraft. This paper summarizes that study, which was performed by ESC and Mitre Corporation staff located in Bedford, Massachusetts, under the ATCALS project, and Arinc Inc., of Annapolis, Maryland.
Decreased resting levels of adenine nucleotides in human skeletal muscle after high-intensity training (1993)

The effect of high-intensity intermittent training on the adenine nucleotide content of skeletal muscle was studied. Eleven male subjects (group A) performed high-intensity intermittent training on a cycle ergometer three times per week for 6 wk, followed by 1 wk of the same kind of training with two sessions per day. Nine males (group B) exclusively performed 1 wk of training with two sessions per day. In group A, skeletal muscle total adenine nucleotide (TAN) levels decreased from 25.1 +/- 0.7 (SE) to 22.0 +/- 0.6 mmol/kg dry wt over the 6-wk period (P < 0.01). The subsequent intensive week did not further alter TAN levels. In group B, the intensive week of training reduced TAN levels from 25.1 +/- 0.5 to 19.4 +/- 0.6 mmol/kg dry wt (P < 0.001). The decrease was sustained 72 h after training (P < 0.001). During the intensive week, there was no change in plasma creatine kinase activity in either group A or group B. The plasma activity was, however, higher in group B than in group A on days 4 and 7 of the intensive week (P < 0.05). The results from this study indicate that high-intensity intermittent exercise causes a decrease in resting levels of skeletal muscle adenine nucleotide without a concomitant indication of muscle damage. A training-induced adaptation appears to occur with training by which a further loss of adenine nucleotides is prevented despite an increased training dose.
Estrogen regulation of placental alkaline phosphatase gene expression in a human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line. (1990)

A human endometrial tumor (Ishikawa) cell line in culture responded to estradiol stimulation, as measured by growth and alkaline phosphatase activity. These effects were similar whether the medium was enriched with serum or was serum-free. Estradiol increased placental alkaline phosphatase activity 2-3-fold over control in these Ishikawa cells. The mechanism for this increase appeared to be at the level of transcription, at least in part, since there was an increase in the concentration of placental alkaline phosphatase mRNA. The administration of tamoxifen or 4-hydroxytamoxifen was unable to antagonize the estradiol-stimulated alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity or mRNA expression. The administration of tamoxifen alone had no effect on alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity, but tamoxifen did stimulate the steady state concentration of alkaline phosphatase mRNA. In contrast, a new antiestrogen, ICI 164,384, was able to antagonize both of these estradiol-stimulated effects.
New nonionic detergents based on epoxidized oils. II (1966)

Abstract The physical and surface‐active properties of alkylolamides prepared from methyl‐9,10‐epoxystearate are discussed. These materials are prepared by reacting methyl‐9,10‐epoxystearate with a polyoxyethylene alcohol to produce the methyl ester of the hydroxyalkoxypolyoxyether substituted carboxylic acid which is subsequently subjected to aminolysis with diethanolamine. The properties of the derivatives as a function of the molecular weight of the polyoxyethylene alcohol are explored and appear to exhibit critical changes at a value of about 500. All the materials thus prepared exhibit higher water solubility than corresponding N,N‐di(2‐hydroxyethyl) amides and foam somewhat less. Possible applications for materials such as these include formulation of low‐foam, heavyduty cleaning compounds, both of a liquid and dry type. This would, of course, be especially important in the growing field of automatic liquid dishwater formulations. A need for such materials also exists in heavy‐duty metal cleaning, floor washing, and other heavy‐duty cleaning applications.
SmartAdP: Visual Analytics of Large-scale Taxi Trajectories for Selecting Billboard Locations (2016)

The problem of formulating solutions immediately and comparing them rapidly for billboard placements has plagued advertising planners for a long time, owing to the lack of efficient tools for in-depth analyses to make informed decisions. In this study, we attempt to employ visual analytics that combines the state-of-the-art mining and visualization techniques to tackle this problem using large-scale GPS trajectory data. In particular, we present SmartAdP, an interactive visual analytics system that deals with the two major challenges including finding good solutions in a huge solution space and comparing the solutions in a visual and intuitive manner. An interactive framework that integrates a novel visualization-driven data mining model enables advertising planners to effectively and efficiently formulate good candidate solutions. In addition, we propose a set of coupled visualizations: a solution view with metaphor-based glyphs to visualize the correlation between different solutions; a location view to display billboard locations in a compact manner; and a ranking view to present multi-typed rankings of the solutions. This system has been demonstrated using case studies with a real-world dataset and domain-expert interviews. Our approach can be adapted for other location selection problems such as selecting locations of retail stores or restaurants using trajectory data.
COLLIER v. SMITHS DOCK CO. LTD. (1969)

June 30, 1969 Redundancy — Dismissal — “Offer of suitable employment” — Offer of employment elsewhere at different terms — “Suitable employment” — Chargehand shipwright offered employment as shipwright at other dockyard — Whether contract substantially equivalent to terminated contract — Whether “suitable employ-ment” — Whether question of fact and degree for tribunal — When court will interfere — Redundancy Payments Act, 1965 (c.62), s. 2(4).
QGATE: An Educational Environment to Learn and Perform Nuclear Medicine Imaging Simulation with GATE (2011)

Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission (GATE) is a commonly used platform developed for nuclear medicine imaging simulation. It has been used to investigate imaging system's sensitivity, data acquisition methods, or image reconstruction algorithms. The GATE system, based on the Monte Carlo method, operates relying on user-provided scripts that follow the program definitions in the system's command library. Script-writing is usually time-consuming and frequently error-associated unless one has had certain experience in the simulation field and is familiar with programming. This is obviously an obstacle to students and beginners. The learning curve of script-writing is relatively flat to nonprogramming background learners. In addition, the GATE system is commonly installed on a high-performance computer, on which the scripts are usually compiled and used by the user only. In order to utilize GATE's potential to be a routine simulation toolkit, we have developed QGATE, a GUI-based GATE system. The QGATE system provides users a graphical environment where a simulation design is achieved by fashions like "drag-and-drop objects" and "choose-and-modify parameters". The scripts will be automatically generated and complied by the system. Parameters belonging to each object have default values so as to avoid errors induced by new users. The QGATE system consists of one or more QGATE Clients and one QGATE Server. The Client can be installed on individual computers so that multiple users can work on their simulation projects simultaneously by using the graphical designing tools. The Server is installed on the same computer as the GATE system resides. The Server manages the submitted simulation scripts queued by a job ticket and returns the job finish signal to the corresponding client. The QGATE system is suitable for classroom training and easy to use for students or new users to the field of nuclear medicine imaging simulation.
Modeling the Drug Release from Hydrogel-Based Matrices (2014)

In this work the behavior of hydrogel-based matrices, the most widespread systems for oral controlled release of pharmaceuticals, has been mathematically described. In addition, the calculations of the model have been validated against a rich set of experimental data obtained working with tablets made of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (a hydrogel) and theophylline (a model drug). The model takes into account water uptake, hydrogel swelling, drug release, and polymer erosion. The model was obtained as an improvement of a previous code, describing the diffusion in concentrated systems, and obtaining the erosion front (which is a moving boundary) from the polymer mass balance (in this way, the number of fitting parameters was also reduced by one). The proposed model was found able to describe all the observed phenomena, and then it can be considered a tool with predictive capabilities, useful in design and testing of new dosage systems based on hydrogels.
Inhibition of Hepatitis B Virus DNA Polymerase by Thymidine Triphosphate Analogues <i>in vitro</i> (1991)

A series of thymidine triphosphate analogues was tested for effect inhibitory on DNA polymerase activity in isolated hepatitis B virus (HBV) particles. The most efficient compounds were 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-fluoro-5-vinyluridine triphosphate [50% inhibititory dose (ID 50 ) = 0.25 μm], 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-fluoro-5-bromovinyluridine triphosphate (ID 50 = 0.80 μm), 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-fluoro-4-thiothymidine triphosphate (ID 50 = 0.80 μm) and 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-fluoro-5-bromouridine triphosphate (ID 50 = 1.00 μm). The inhibitors only moderately influenced the cellular DNA polymerase α (ID 50 ranging from 10 μm to 140 μm) but had a noteworthy effect on DNA polymerase β (ID 50 ranging from 0.8 μm to 7.0 μm), which could be associated with toxicity and mutagenicity in human cells. Kinetic analysis revealed a competitive type of inhibition for the most efficient compound, fluoro-5-vinyluridine triphosphate. The inhibition constant ( K i ) was estimated to be 0.25 μm compared with a Michaelis constant ( K m ) value of about 0.4 μm for the substrate.
Optimal partition of QoS requirements with discrete cost functions (2002)

The future Internet is expected to support applications with quality of service (QoS) requirements. To this end several mechanisms have been suggested in the IETF to support signaling, the most promising among them is DiffServ. An important problem in this framework is how to partition the QoS requirements of an application along a selected path. The problem which is in general NP complete, was solved for continuous convex cost functions by Lorenz and Orda (1999). This work concentrates on discrete cost functions, and presents efficient exact and approximated solutions for various conditions of the problem. We also show that the more complex problem of QoS sensitive routing with discrete cost functions is hard, but has a fully polynomial approximation scheme.
Laser-induced Rayleigh waves in aluminum (1979)

A bulk aluminum-alloy irradiated with a Q-switched Nd-glass laser shows three distinct elastic waves: longitudinal, transverse, and Rayleigh (surface) waves. The elastic-wave velocities agree with those measured by more familiar methods.
Selective Glaze for Last Line Visible Thermal Head (1981)

A thermal head in which the last line is visible allows characters to be viewed as soon as they are printed. The thermal head is constructed with a selective glazed layer and heat sources, which are formed at the edge of a ceramic substrate. The selective glazed layer must be smooth and flat, even at the edge, for heat sources to be formed on it. Selective glaze characteristics were studied using PbO‐B 2 O 3 ‐SiO 2 and B 2 O 3 ‐SiO 2 glazing materials to realize the last line visible thermal head. Several commercially available gold conductors were screen printed on fine grained alumina substrates. Wettability, levelling characteristics and flatness at the edge of the selective glaze on each gold conductor were examined. Dependence of their characteristics on firing conditions were also examined. A combination of PbO‐B 2 O 3 ‐SiO 2 glass and fritless gold conductor provides a smooth and flat glaze surface even at the edge, and experimental results show that PbO‐B 2 O 3 ‐SiO 2 glazing material has the most suitable characteristics for a last line visible thermal head. A last line visible thermal head was formed using PbO‐B 2 O 3 ‐SiO 2 glazing material. The selective glazed layer was formed over the thick film circuits of gold for the power supply, which were screen printed on a fine grained alumina substrate. Ta 2 N thin film for resistive heat sources was formed at the edge of the glazed layer. The thermal head provides good print quality and can print 20 characters/line at 5 lines/sec with a resolution of 2.7 dots/mm.
A novel technique for words reordering based on N-grams (2007)

This paper presents an approach for repairing word order errors in English text by reordering words in a sentence and choosing the version that maximizes the number of trigram hits according to a language model. The novelty of this method concerns the use of an efficient confusion matrix technique for reordering the words. For further reducing the number of permutations the use of unigramspsila probability is used. The comparative advantage of this method is that works with a large set of words, and avoids the laborious and costly process of collecting word order errors for creating error patterns.
Hypothesis for Reinforcement of Portland Cement by Polymer Latexes (1974)

Vinylidene chloride and styrene‐butadiene copolymer latexes are used commercially to reinforce portland cements. Although the technology is well developed, the mechanism of reinforcement is not well understood. A hypothesis is proposed to explain this reinforcement, i.e. (1) latex substitutes for all or part of the water to give the same fluidity at a lower water/cement ratio; (2) latex particles coalesce around each unhydrated (or slightly hydrated) cement grain and aggregate particle to form an interpenetrating network of polymer throughout the structure; (3) microcracks form throughout the structure to relieve the strain introduced by the shrinkage of the portland cement that occurs when the relative humidity falls below 100%; and (4) a propagating microcrack intersects the interpenetrating polymer network to form microfibers spanning the microcrack, sometimes so effectively that propagation is halted, but always so that the microcrack is held together. This hypothesis was supported by scanning electron microscopy of latex‐modified cement specimens, as well as by other experiments. More work is needed to determine how each part of the hypothesis contributes to the physical properties of latex‐modified cement.
Unexpected Transesterification of N-(Trifluoroacetyl) Doxorubicin with Acetylsalicylic Acid: Formation of 4′-O-Acetyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl) Doxorubicin (1998)

Abstract Three new N-(trifluoroacetyl) doxorubicin analogues have been synthesized under mild reaction conditions. An unexpected transesterification reaction was observed when N-(trifluoroacetyl) doxorubicin was treated with acetylsalicylic acid under the same conditions.
Abstract 190: Disruption of P90 Ribosomal S6 Kinase Binding 3 to Muscle A-kinase Anchoring Protein In Vivo Via Adeno-associated Virus Expression of a Competing Peptide Attenuates Pressure Overload-induced Cardiac Hypertrophy (2014)

RATIONALE: Cardiac myocyte hypertrophy is the main compensatory response to chronic stress in the heart. p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) family members are effectors for extracellular signal-regulated kinases that induce myocyte growth. RSK3 contains a unique N-terminal domain that mediates RSK3 binding to the muscle A-kinase anchoring protein (mAKAPβ) scaffold. We have previously published that disruption of RSK3-mAKAPβ complexes using a competing peptide inhibited the phenylephrine-induced hypertrophy of neonatal ventricular myocytes in vitro. In vivo, RSK3 gene deletion in mice attenuated the concentric cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload. We hypothesize that RSK3 anchoring to mAKAPβ in myocytes is required for cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS: Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are gene therapy vectors in development for the treatment of human diseases owing to their nonpathogenic capability for transducing non-dividing cells and their long-term transgene expression. We have used a recombinant AAV2/9 vector to express a mAKAPβ RSK3-binding domain (RBD)-GFP fusion protein under the control of the cardiac myocyte-specific cardiac troponin T promoter. 3 day-old C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with either AAV-RBD-GFP or AAV-GFP control virus. At 8 weeks of age mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction to induce pressure overload (TAC) for two weeks. Cardiac hypertrophy was attenuated in mice injected with the AAV-RBD-GFP virus (biventricular weight indexed to tibial length (mg/mm): 7.7, 8.6, and 9.2 for AAV-RBD, AAV-GFP and non-injected TAC cohorts, respectively; p<0.05 vs. both controls). Echocardiography both corroborated the inhibition of hypertrophy and revealed no deleterious effect on cardiac function attributable to the AAV-RBD-GFP vector. CONCLUSIONS: Anchored RSK3 regulates pathologic myocyte growth. AAV can successfully deliver a competing peptide inhibiting pathological hypertrophy and should be investigated further as a prevention and/or treatment for heart failure.