gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monolithically integrated filter-free wavelength converter with widely tunable double-ring resonator coupled laser (2008)

A filter-free widely tunable wavelength converter was developed by monolithically integrating a tunable laser based on a double-ring resonator and an optical gate based on a parallel amplifier structure. Wavelength conversion for a 10-Gbit/s NRZ signal is also demonstrated, tunable over a 40-nm range.
Optimal kernel selection in Kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (2006)

In Kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (KFDA), we carry out Fisher linear discriminant analysis in a high dimensional feature space defined implicitly by a kernel. The performance of KFDA depends on the choice of the kernel; in this paper, we consider the problem of finding the optimal kernel, over a given convex set of kernels. We show that this optimal kernel selection problem can be reformulated as a tractable convex optimization problem which interior-point methods can solve globally and efficiently. The kernel selection method is demonstrated with some UCI machine learning benchmark examples.
Simulation of Estimating the Blood Pressure Using an Arterial Pressure-Volume Model (2007)

The abstract is to be in an analysis on the conventional the blood pressure estimation method using an oscillometric sphygmomanometer was performed through a computer simulation using an arterial pressure-volume (APV) model. Traditionally, the maximum amplitude algorithm (MAP) was applied on the oscillation waveforms of the APV model to obtain the mean arterial pressure and the characteristic ratio. The estimation of mean arterial pressure and characteristic ratio was significantly affected with the shape of the blood pressure waveforms and the cutoff frequency of high-pass filter (HPL) circuitry. Experimental errors are due to these effects when estimating blood pressure. To find out an algorithm independent from the influence of waveform shapes and parameters of HPL, the volume oscillation of the APV model and the phase shift of the oscillation with fast Fourier transform (FFT) were testified while increasing the cuff pressure from 1 mmHg to 200 mmHg (1 mmHg per second). The phase shift between the ranges of volume oscillation was then only observed between the systolic and the diastolic blood pressures. The same results were also obtained from the simulations performed on two different the arterial blood pressure waveforms and one hyperthermia waveform.
Application of Improved 5th-Cubature Kalman Filter in Initial Strapdown Inertial Navigation System Alignment for Large Misalignment Angles (2018)

In view of the fact the accuracy of the third-degree Cubature Kalman Filter (CKF) used for initial alignment under large misalignment angle conditions is insufficient, an improved fifth-degree CKF algorithm is proposed in this paper. In order to make full use of the innovation on filtering, the innovation covariance matrix is calculated recursively by an innovative sequence with an exponent fading factor. Then a new adaptive error covariance matrix scaling algorithm is proposed. The Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method is used for improving the numerical stability of the fifth-degree CKF in this paper. In order to avoid the overshoot caused by excessive scaling of error covariance matrix during the convergence stage, the scaling scheme is terminated when the gradient of azimuth reaches the maximum. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm has better alignment accuracy with large misalignment angles than the traditional algorithm.
Investigating the role of substrate stiffness in the persistence of valvular interstitial cell activation (2012)

During heart valve remodeling and in many disease states, valvular interstitial cells (VICs) shift to an activated myofibroblast phenotype characterized by enhanced synthetic and contractile activity. Pronounced alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA)-positive stress fibers, the hallmark of activated myofibroblasts, are also observed in VICs cultured on stiff substrates especially in the presence of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), however, the detailed relationship between stiffness and VIC phenotype has not been explored. The goal of this study was to characterize VIC activation as a function of substrate stiffness over a wide range of stiffness levels including that of diseased valves (stiff), normal valves (compliant), and hydrogels for heart valve tissue engineering (very soft). VICs obtained from porcine aortic valves were cultured on stiff tissue culture plastic to activate them, then, cultured on collagen-coated polyacrylamide substrates of predefined stiffness in a high-throughput culture system to assess the persistence of activation. Metrics extracted from regression analysis demonstrate that relative to a compliant substrate, stiff substrates result in higher cell numbers, more pronounced expression of αSMA-positive stress fibers, and larger spread area which is in qualitative agreement with previous studies. Our data also indicate that VICs require a much lower substrate stiffness level to "deactivate" them than previously thought. The high sensitivity of VICs to substrate stiffness demonstrates the importance of the mechanical properties of materials used for valve repair or for engineering valve tissue.
Equilibrium phase behaviour and emulsion stability in silicone oil+water+AOT mixtures (1999)

We have investigated the equilibrium phase behaviour and the emulsion stability in mixtures of aqueous NaCl, anionic surfactant AOT and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oils. For hexamethyldisiloxane, the transition of Winsor systems from I–III–II is effected by increasing the electrolyte concentration. Aggregated surfactant transfers from water to oil via a third phase, the composition of which resembles that of the L3 phase. The PDMS/water interfacial tension passes through a low minimum around conditions of three phase formation. In single phase microemulsions, we have determined the uptake of silicone oil into aqueous surfactant solutions and the solubilisation of water into surfactant solutions in oil, both as a function of salt concentration and temperature. Maximum uptake of oil (water) occurs at a salt concentration equal to that at the Winsor I/III (III/II) boundary. The partitioning of salt between dispersed and excess water phases is in favour of the latter for small drops but becomes more nearly equal for larger drops. Macroemulsions prepared from the equilibrium coexisting phases invert from oil-in-water (o/w) to water-in-oil (w/o) at intermediate salt concentrations. For o/w emulsions, the stability to both creaming and coalescence falls markedly approaching the Winsor I/III transition. An argument based on the influence of the interfacial tension on the deformability of the drops is consistent with the findings. For w/o emulsions, the stability to both sedimentation and coalescence increases close to the boundary where three phases form. Three phase emulsions are extremely unstable. In systems containing PDMS oils of higher molecular weight, inversion of equilibrium systems from water to oil continuous occurs at higher salt concentrations. Both the width of the three phase region and the minimum interfacial tension increase with oil molecular weight. Emulsion inversion takes place over virtually the same range of salt concentration as that for which three phases are formed.
Guidelines for the Bandgap Combinations and Absorption Windows for Organic Tandem and Triple-Junction Solar Cells (2012)

Organic solar cells have narrow absorption windows, compared to the absorption band of inorganic semiconductors. A possible way to capture a wider band of the solar spectrum—and thus increasing the power conversion efficiency—is using more solar cells with different bandgaps in a row, i.e., a multi-junction solar cell. We calculate the ideal material characteristics (bandgap combinations and absorption windows) for an organic tandem and triple-junction solar cell, as well as their acceptable range. In this way, we give guidelines to organic material designers.
No-Power MEMS Devices Using Buckled Diaphragms and Engineered Stress (2010)

Bi-stable mechanical actuators are of great interest and have begun to appear in the literature in the form of MEMS-based switches, micro-valves, micropumps, and mechanical memory devices. In this paper, we propose a new technique for fabricating bi-stable diaphragms using a combination of polyimide and oxide compressive stresses, and use it as the basic building block for a "Buckle-MEMS no-power" vacuum switch.
Neoplastic development in B-lymphocytes (1990)

The differentiation of B-cells, unlike other hematopoietic cells that develop in a single burst, occurs in interrupted steps. As a consequence there are different types of B-cells that are distinguished by their level of development. Accordingly there are a variety of different kinds of B-cell tumors. The most common proto-oncogene that is mutated in B-cell tumors is c-myc. In mammalian systems c-myc is mutated by chromosomal rearrangements with immunoglobulin-gene-bearing chromosomes. The c-myc gene may be directly rearranged in some translocations but in a number of others the breaksites are only near the c-myc locus. The mechanism of dysregulation of myc transcription in the latter is currently being investigated. Probably the most striking finding is the number of different B-cell tumor-forming systems in different species in which one or more of the characteristic 'myc' chromosomal translocations occur. In humans these occur in eBL, sBL and AIDS-associated lymphomas. B-cell lymphomas. Dysregulation of c-myc is a major phenotype in many (but not all) B-cell tumors and further does not appear to be sufficient to establish an autonomously growing B-cell. Surprisingly the nature of the additional changes has not been determined in B-cell tumor systems. It is known though that when certain other oncogenes are passively introduced into cells with dysregulated c-myc genes autonomously growing phenotypes do emerge. The oncogenes known to cooperate with a dysregulated myc (e.g. Ha-ras, raf-1 and v-abl) are thought to code for proteins that participate in growth-factor-induced signal transductions.
Cardiac glycosides. 6. Gitoxigenin C16 acetates, formates, methoxycarbonates, and digitoxosides. Synthesis and Na+,K+-ATPase inhibitory activities (1986)

A series of 17 gitoxigenin 16 beta-formates, acetates, and methoxycarbonates was synthesized, including their 3 beta-acetates, formates, and digitoxosides. A 16 beta-formate group was generally found to increase activity 30 times, a 16 beta-acetate group 9-12 times, while a 16 beta-methoxycarbonate decreased activity by two-thirds. 3 beta-Formates and acetates had little effect on activity by themselves, but sometimes reduced the activity-increasing properties of 16 beta-formates and acetates. A 3 beta-digitoxoside increases the activity of gitoxigenin by 15 times, but the effect is less if the 16 beta-group is esterified. And finally, a 16-one decreases activity dramatically. These data suggest an important role for C16 esters and possibly the presence of a separate binding site on Na+,K+-ATPase corresponding to the cardenolide C16 position.
ICCAD-2012 CAD contest in fuzzy pattern matching for physical verification and benchmark suite (2012)

With the widespread adoption of design for manufacturing techniques and design and process co-optimization as well as the increase in the complexity of the processes to manufacture integrated circuits there is pressing need in finding quickly to calibrate yet accurate and high performing methods to identify layout topologies which may cause yield loss. While full-based simulations provide the most accurate prediction possible their runtime prohibits an adoption at all levels of the design flow. Alternative traditional rule checking including pattern matching techniques are fast but have a limited application in finding locations that were not part the training set. Several approaches to improve the accuracy of the prediction to reduce the number of miss structures and false detections have been proposed, but none have yielded and acceptable tradeoff between accuracy and runtime. This contest is aimed to provide a suite of layouts which highlight the challenges of this application: Widely different classes, limited amount of data and low prediction rates.
Photonic-based laser driven electron beam deflection and focusing structures (2009)

We propose a dielectric photonic structure for ultrafast deflection and focusing of relativistic charged particle beams. The structure is designed to transform a free-space laser beam into a deflection force that acts on the free particles with the same optical phase over a distance of travel that is much greater than the laser wavelength. The proposed structure has a two-dimensional geometry and is compatible with existing nanofabrication methods. Deflection fields of $\mathrm{GV}/\mathrm{m}$ magnitude and subfemtosecond switching speeds are expected to be possible from these dielectric structures. With these elements a submeter scale extreme ultraviolet synchrotron source seems feasible.
Palladium-Catalyzed Borylation of Ortho-Substituted Phenyl Halides and Application to the One-Pot Synthesis of 2,2‘-Disubstituted Biphenyls (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPalladium-Catalyzed Borylation of Ortho-Substituted Phenyl Halides and Application to the One-Pot Synthesis of 2,2'-Disubstituted BiphenylsOlivier Baudoin, Daniel Guénard, and Françoise GuéritteView Author Information Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France [email protected]Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 26, 9268–9271Publication Date (Web):December 5, 2000Publication History Received29 September 2000Published online5 December 2000Published inissue 1 December 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo005663dhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo005663dbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5767Altmetric-Citations195LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anions,Aromatic compounds,Borylation,Halogens,Phenyls Get e-Alerts
Morphine in Cow and Human Milk: Could Dietary Morphine Constitute a Ligand for Specific Morphine (μ) Receptors? (1981)

Morphine has been found in cow and human milk at concentrations of 200 to 500 nanograms per liter. Multistep purification yields a material that has immunological, biological, pharmacological, and chemical properties identical to those of morphine. Similar morphine-like material, which has been tentatively identified in some common plant sources, may be a ubiquitous dietary constituent and a possible source for the material in milk. Since morphine (μ) receptors have a low affinity for enkephalins, and since morphine-like materials have been described in brain and intestine, it is possible that morphine in food may be the source of this material and a normal ligand specific for μ receptors.
The role of myokines in muscle health and disease (2016)

Myokines appear to exert diverse beneficial effects, though their mechanistic roles in myositis and other myopathologies remain poorly understood.
Studies on Nitrofuran Derivatives. VI. : Synthesis of 2-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)vinylpyridinemethanol and 2-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-vinylpyridinecarboxylic acid Derivatives (1966)

In order to examine their antibacterial activity, hydroxymethyl- or acetoxymethyl-2-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]pyridines (I) and their N-oxides (I'), and 2-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]-pyridinecarboxylic acids (II) were synthesized. For the synthesis of 6- or 4-hydroxymethyl- or -acetoxymethyl-2-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-vinyl]pyridines (Ia, b, e, f), rearrangement of the N-oxide group in 6-methyl-2-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]-pyridine 1-oxide in acetic anhydride was attempted and the objective Ia, Ib, Ie, and If were obtained, accompanied by the byproduct formation of a pyridinol derivative, in which oxygen in N-oxide group had undergone rearrangement to the pyridine ring.
Stereo Visual-Inertial Odometry With Multiple Kalman Filters Ensemble (2016)

In this paper, we present a stereo visual-inertial odometry algorithm assembled with three separated Kalman filters, i.e., attitude filter, orientation filter, and position filter. Our algorithm carries out the orientation and position estimation with three filters working on different fusion intervals, which can provide more robustness even when the visual odometry estimation fails. In our orientation estimation, we propose an improved indirect Kalman filter, which uses the orientation error space represented by unit quaternion as the state of the filter. The performance of the algorithm is demonstrated through extensive experimental results, including the benchmark KITTI datasets and some challenging datasets captured in a rough terrain campus.
Bench-to-bedside review: High-mobility group box 1 and critical illness (2007)

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a DNA-binding protein that also exhibits proinflammatory cytokine-like activity. HMGB1 is passively released by necrotic cells and also is actively secreted by immunostimulated macrophages, dendritic cells, and enterocytes. Although circulating HMGB1 levels are increased relative to healthy controls in patients with infections and severe sepsis, plasma or serum HMGB1 concentrations do not discriminate reliably between infected and uninfected critically ill patients. Nevertheless, administration of drugs that block HMGB1 secretion or of anti-HMGB1 neutralizing antibodies has been shown to ameliorate organ dysfunction and/or improve survival in numerous animal models of critical illness. Because HMGB1 tends to be released relatively late in the inflammatory response (at least in animal models of endotoxemia or sepsis), this protein is an attractive target for the development of new therapeutic agents for the treatment of patients with various forms of critical illness.
Melittin forms crystals which are suitable for high resolution X-ray structural analysis and which reveal a molecular 2-fold axis of symmetry. (1980)

Melittin is the principal protein component of bee venom and is believed to function as a lytic agent. In aqueous salt solution, it is a tetramer of identical peptides, each with 26 amino acid residues. Although its amino acid composition is unusually nonpolar, and although it is believed to integrate into membranes while lysing cells, melittin is water-soluble at neutral pH. Two crystal forms have been grown from solutions containing ammonium sulfate and sodium formate, and their x-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the melittin tetramer contains at least one 2-fold axis of rotation. Both crystal forms are suitable for high resolution x-ray structural studies. Moreover, both crystals bind several heavy atoms as judged by changes in buoyancy, so that phase determination by the method of isomorphous replacement is possible. Crystallized melittin retains its lytic activity even under the conditions of crystallization (about 70% saturated ammonium sulfate).
Dissection of the protein G B1 domain binding site for human IgG Fc fragment (1999)

Abstract The contribution to the free energy of binding of each of the residues forming the binding site for a human IgG Fc fragment on the surface of the B1 domain of protein G was determined by alanine‐scanning mutagenesis. The interface between these two proteins is atypical in that it is smaller than usual, polar in character, and involves two well‐defined “knobs‐into‐holes” interactions. The bulk of the free energy of binding is contributed by three central residues, which make hydrogen bonds across the interface. Of these, the most critical interaction is formed by Glu27, which acts as a charged knob on the surface of the B1 domain, inserting into a polar hole on the Fc fragment. A single alanine mutation of this residue virtually abolishes stable complex formation. Formation of a stable interface between these two proteins is therefore dominated by a small, polar “hot spot.”
An Autonomous Path Planning Model for Unmanned Ships Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (2020)

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has excellent performance in continuous control problems and it is widely used in path planning and other fields. An autonomous path planning model based on DRL is proposed to realize the intelligent path planning of unmanned ships in the unknown environment. The model utilizes the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm, through the continuous interaction with the environment and the use of historical experience data; the agent learns the optimal action strategy in a simulation environment. The navigation rules and the ship's encounter situation are transformed into a navigation restricted area, so as to achieve the purpose of planned path safety in order to ensure the validity and accuracy of the model. Ship data provided by ship automatic identification system (AIS) are used to train this path planning model. Subsequently, the improved DRL is obtained by combining DDPG with the artificial potential field. Finally, the path planning model is integrated into the electronic chart platform for experiments. Through the establishment of comparative experiments, the results show that the improved model can achieve autonomous path planning, and it has good convergence speed and stability.
Development of a dual label fluorescence technique that can be utilized to elucidate the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates. (1988)

A method is described that allows the simultaneous visualization and relative assessment of both the antibody and drug components of monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates at the target cell membrane. The antibody is detected by a fluorescein-conjugated anti-mouse immunoglobulin serum while the drug is visualized by rhodamine avidin or phycoerythrin-streptavidin binding to a biotinylated anti-Vinca alkaloid monoclonal antibody. This technique was effective in demonstrating the cell surface localization of a monoclonal antibody-Vinca alkaloid conjugate to human lung adenocarcinoma cells grown in vitro and was also used to demonstrate targeting of the conjugate in vivo to the membranes of these same tumor cells grown as a nude mouse xenograft. This method was also utilized to help elucidate the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates.