gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Object Recognition with Mobile Phones (2006)

Today, most mobile phones have built-in digital cameras with a quality that improves with every new model. This semester thesis combines the use of mobile phone cameras with object recognition. In two approaches it shows that this is possible and applicable. In a first approach the images taken with the mobile phone camera are sent to a server which executes the expensive object recognition algorithms and the matching with a database. As communication method the Multimedia Message System (MMS) is used from the mobile phone to the server and the Short Message System (SMS) to send the answer back to the mobile phone. The result is a precise and extendable framework called mobileor. Applications could be price-comparison-systems or advertisement campaigns, where a user would be provided with more information about a product after sending a picture of it or of the advertisement placard. Also a city guide is possible where one just has to photograph an important building to get more information about it. As a second approach the object recognition algorithm was completely ported to Symbian and runs server independent on a mobile phone. Even though the memory and processor limitations on a mobile phone are very restrictive, the resulting application is able to recognize objects.
Reduce, reuse &#x00026; recycle: Efficiently solving multi-label MRFs (2008)

In this paper, we present novel techniques that improve the computational and memory efficiency of algorithms for solving multi-label energy functions arising from discrete MRFs or CRFs. These methods are motivated by the observations that the performance of minimization algorithms depends on: (a) the initialization used for the primal and dual variables; and (b) the number of primal variables involved in the energy function. Our first method (dynamic alpha-expansion) works by dasiarecyclingpsila results from previous problem instances. The second method simplifies the energy function by dasiareducingpsila the number of unknown variables, and can also be used to generate a good initialization for the dynamic alpha-expansion algorithm by dasiareusingpsila dual variables. We test the performance of our methods on energy functions encountered in the problems of stereo matching, and colour and object based segmentation. Experimental results show that our methods achieve a substantial improvement in the performance of alpha-expansion, as well as other popular algorithms such as sequential tree-reweighted message passing, and max-product belief propagation. In most cases we achieve a 10-15 times speed-up in the computation time. Our modified alpha-expansion algorithm provides similar performance to Fast-PD. However, it is much simpler and can be made orders of magnitude faster by using the initialization schemes proposed in the paper.
Rigid urethane foams from hydroxymethylated castor oil, safflower oil, oleic safflower oil, and polyol esters of castor acids (1974)

Abstract Castor, safflower, and oleic safflower oil derivatives with enhanced reactivity and hydroxyl group content were prepared by hydroformylation with a rhodium‐triphenylphosphine catalyst, followed by hydrogenation. Rigid urethane foams prepared from these hydroxymethylated derivatives had excellent compressive strengths, closed cell contents, and dimensional stability. Best properties were obtained from hydroxymethylated polyol esters of castor acids.
A copula based Bayesian approach for paid–incurred claims models for non-life insurance reserving (2014)

Our article considers the class of recently developed stochastic models that combine claims payments and incurred losses information into a coherent reserving methodology. In particular, we develop a family of hierarchical Bayesian paid–incurred claims models, combining the claims reserving models of Hertig (1985) and Gogol (1993). In the process we extend the independent log-normal model of Merz and Wüthrich (2010) by incorporating different dependence structures using a Data-Augmented mixture Copula paid–incurred claims model. In this way the paper makes two main contributions: firstly we develop an extended class of model structures for the paid–incurred chain ladder models where we develop precisely the Bayesian formulation of such models; secondly we explain how to develop advanced Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling algorithms to make inference under these copula dependence PIC models accurately and efficiently, making such models accessible to practitioners to explore their suitability in practice. In this regard the focus of the paper should be considered in two parts, firstly development of Bayesian PIC models for general dependence structures with specialised properties relating to conjugacy and consistency of tail dependence across the development years and accident years and between Payment and incurred loss data are developed. The second main contribution is the development of techniques that allow general audiences to efficiently work with such Bayesian models to make inference. The focus of the paper is not so much to illustrate that the PIC paper is a good class of models for a particular data set, the suitability of such PIC type models is discussed in Merz and Wüthrich (2010) and Happ and Wüthrich (2013). Instead we develop generalised model classes for the PIC family of Bayesian models and in addition provide advanced Monte Carlo methods for inference that practitioners may utilise with confidence in their efficiency and validity.
Fiber optics for aircraft engine/inlet control (1981)

NASA programs that focus on the use of fiber optics for aircraft engine/inlet control are reviewed. Fiber optics for aircraft control is attractive because of its inherent immunity to EMI and RFI noise. Optical signals can be safely transmitted through areas that contain flammable or explosive materials. The use of optics also makes remote sensing feasible by eliminating the need for electrical wires to be connected between sensors and computers. Using low-level optical signals to control actuators is also feasible when power is generated at the actuator. Each application of fiber optics for aircraft control has different requirements for both the optical cables and the optical connectors. Sensors that measure position and speed by using slotted plates can use lossy cables and bundle connectors if data transfer is in the parallel mode. If position and speed signals are multiplexed, cable and connector requirements change. Other sensors that depend on changes in transmission through materials require dependable characteristics of both the optical cables and the optical connectors. A variety of sensor types are reviewed, including rotary position encoders, tachometers, temperature sensors, and blade tip clearance sensors for compressors and turbines. Research on a gallium arsenide photoswitch for optically switched actuators that operate at 250 C is also described.
The neurohumoral and hemodynamic response to orthostatic tilt in patients with congestive heart failure. (1983)

Thirty-five patients with varying degrees of congestive heart failure were subjected to 60 degrees upright tilt. Eight of the patients with normal resting hemodynamics had elevated resting plasma norepinephrine levels (PNE) (p less than 0.001), but their response to upright tilt was similar to that in normal subjects: All had increases in heart rate, plasma norepinephrine (from 263 +/- 32 to 483 +/- 78 pg/mg, p less than 0.02) and plasma renin activity (from 4.8 +/- 0.9 to 13.7 +/- 7.6 ng/ml/hour, p less than 0.05). In 27 patients with high resting pulmonary wedge pressure and low cardiac index, resting PNE was higher (668 +/- 71 ng/ml), but PNE, plasma renin activity and heart rate did not increase significantly during tilt despite a fall in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and cardiac index. In 18 of these patients, PNE rose during tilt, whereas in nine it did not change or fell; the resting hemodynamics and the hemodynamic response to tilt were not significantly different in these two groups. These data suggest that an abnormality of mechanoreceptor or baroreceptor function is common in patients with CHF. This abnormality corresponds in part to the severity of the resting hemodynamic abnormality, but among patients with severe CHF, the reflex neurohumoral abnormality may provide independent information about the severity of the disease.
Solvation induced morphological effects on the polymer/metal contacts (2001)

Polymer/metal interfaces play an important role in determining the performance of polymer based electronic devices. For most polymer diodes, one of the polymer/metal contacts is usually formed by spin casting a polymer solution onto a metal electrode; we call it polymer-on-metal (POM) contact. The other polymer/metal contact is usually formed by vacuum deposition of metal vapor onto the polymer surface; we call it metal-on-polymer (MOP) contact. In this article, we present evidence that the formation of the POM contact is strongly influenced by the processing of polymer thin films. The POM contact has a greater energy barrier for carrier injection than the MOP contact. The morphology of the polymer thin films, i.e., the relative arrangements of the side groups and conjugated backbone, significantly affects the interfacial characteristics. We also present a simple method of evaluating the morphological effects at the contact.
Mechanism of microwave assisted magnetic switching (2009)

The characteristic of microwave assisted switching for an isolated grain was investigated using the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert simulation. It was found that anticlockwise and clockwise polarized fields assist magnetization to switch and to reswitch, respectively. Using larger linear polarized field, sufficient switching is not obtained. It was confirmed the magnetic resonance effect on the reduction in the switching field. It was also found that a large assist effect and a narrowing transition effect were achieved in exchange coupled subgrains.
A cascaded model of spectral distortions due to spectral response effects and pulse pileup effects in a photon‐counting x‐ray detector for CT (2014)

The x-ray spectra calculated by the proposed model agreed with the measured spectra over a wide range of count rates and spectral shapes. The SRE model predicted the distorted, recorded spectra with low count rates over various types and thicknesses of attenuators. The study also validated the hypothesis that the complex spectral distortions in a PCD can be adequately modeled by cascading the count-rate independent SRE and the count-rate dependent PPE.
Frequency and Beam Reconfigurable Antenna Using Photoconducting Switches (2006)

A design for an optically reconfigurable printed dipole antenna is presented. A wideband coplanar waveguide (CPW) to coplanar stripline (CPS) transition is used to feed the balanced printed dipole. Two silicon photo switches are placed on small gaps in both dipole arms equidistant from the centre feed. Light from two infrared laser diodes channelled through fiber optic cables is applied to the switches. With the gaps in the dipole bridged, the antenna resonates at a lower frequency. Measured return loss results that compare well to the simulated values are also presented, showing a frequency shift of nearly 40%. The change in bore-sight gain along with radiation patterns are also presented. Activating each switch individually results in a near 50/spl deg/ shift in beam nulls.
Planning the software industrial revolution (1990)

The author traces the US history of invention and technology transfer from the 1700s to the present and asks whether software development can stop being a process-centered cottage industry by the application of interchangeable parts technology. He maintains that a revolution is needed to accomplish this and outlines the steps of such a revolution. The author clarifies the meaning of object oriented, discusses the value rigidity trap, and provides a commercial example of the approach that he advocates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The binding of human blood platelets to fibrinogen-, fibronectin-, and Arg-Gly-Asp-derivatized Sephadex G-10 (1996)

The adhesive proteins fibrinogen (FG) and fibronectin (FN) were immobilized to glycine-Sephadex G-10. The derivatized Sephadex G-10 gels were used to bind human blood platelets. For comparison, Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro(GRGDSP)-derivatized Gly-Sephadex G-10 was used. FG-, FN-, and GRGDSP-Gly-Sephadex G-10 each bound a substantial number of activated blood platelets (> or = 5 x 10(8) ml-1 gel) while non-activated platelets were not bound. Binding of ADP-treated blood platelets to the affinity adsorbents was dependent on the ADP-concentration which was used, reaching a near-maximal value at about 10 microM ADP. Platelet binding to the three types of affinity gels could be completely inhibited by dissolved GRGDSP as well as monoclonal anti-platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) antibody CLB-C17, which demonstrates that platelet binding specifically involves the fibrinogen binding site on GPIIb/IIIa. Platelet binding to all three affinity gels required free Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions: platelets binding in the absence of these divalent cations was considerably lower than platelet binding in buffer containing 2 mM Ca2+ and 1 mM Mg2+. Moreover, activated ethylenediamine-tetraacetate (EDTA)-treated platelets did not bind at all to the affinity gels. The finding that non-activated platelets did not bind to the affinity gels is thought to be related to both the high hydrophilicity of the Sephadex basic material and to the native state of the gel-bound fibrinogen and fibronectin.
Computer 2006 Annual Index, Volume 39 (2006)

This index covers all technical items - papers, correspondence, reviews, etc. - that appeared in this periodical during the year, and items from previous years that were commented upon or corrected in this year. Departments and other items may also be covered if they have been judged to have archival value. The Author Index contains the primary entry for each item, listed under the first author's name. The primary entry includes the coauthors' names, the title of the paper or other item, and its location, specified by the publication abbreviation, year, month, and inclusive pagination. The Subject Index contains entries describing the item under all appropriate subject headings, plus the first author's name, the publication abbreviation, month, and year, and inclusive pages. Note that the item title is found only under the primary entry in the Author Index.
Pao Pereira Extract Suppresses Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cell Growth, Survival, and Invasion Through Inhibition of NFκB Signaling (2013)

Pao extract, derived from bark of Amazonian tree Pao Pereira, is commonly used in South American medicine. A recent study showed that Pao extract repressed androgen-dependent LNCaP prostate cancer cell growth. We hypothesize that Pao extract asserts its anticancer effects on metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells. Pao extract suppressed CRPC PC3 cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner, through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Pao extract treatment induced cell cycle inhibitors, p21 and p27, and repressed PCNA, Cyclin A and Cyclin D1. Furthermore, Pao extract also induced the upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax, reduction of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and XIAP expression, which were associated with the cleavage of PARP protein. Moreover, Pao extract treatment blocked PC3 cell migration and invasion. Mechanistically, Pao extract suppressed phosphorylation levels of AKT and NFκB/p65, NFκB DNA binding activity, and luciferase reporter activity. Pao inhibited TNFα-induced relocation of NFκB/p65 to the nucleus, NFκB/p65 transcription activity, and MMP9 activity as shown by zymography. Consistently, NFκB/p65 downstream targets involved in proliferation (Cyclin D1), survival (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and XIAP), and metastasis (VEGFa, MMP9, and GROα/CXCL1) were also downregulated by Pao extract. Finally, forced expression of NFκB/p65 reversed the growth inhibitory effect of Pao extract. Overall, Pao extract induced cell growth arrest, apoptosis, partially through inhibiting NFκB activation in prostate cancer cells. These data suggest that Pao extract may be beneficial for protection against CRPC.
Creating Addressable Aqueous Microcompartments above Solid Supported Phospholipid Bilayers Using Lithographically Patterned Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Molds (2000)

Herein we report the use of microcontact displacement (microCD) to generate addressable arrays of aqueous solutions above fluid lipid bilayers by bringing a patterned PDMS mold into conformal contact with a phospholipid membrane on a solid supported substrate. Epifluorescence microscopy established that the bilayer material was displaced in regions where contact between the mold and substrate was made. Photobleaching experiments confirmed that the bilayer sectors remained individually fluid but completely separated. The microcompartments created by microCD could be individually injected with aqueous solutions that remained sealed from their neighbors. This procedure was then exploited for screening a small library of aqueous-phase molecules for their ability to inhibit binding between surface-bound ligands and soluble protein receptors.
Activity and intracellular distribution of enzymes of ketone-body metabolism in rat liver (1968)

1. The activities of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase and lyase in rat liver were found to be two- to 15-fold greater than those reported by other authors under similar conditions. 2. When expressed on the basis of body weight, no appreciable differences were found between the activities of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase in whole homogenates of livers from normal and starved rats. The synthase activity increased by 70% and 140% in livers of alloxan-diabetic rats and rats fed on a high-fat diet respectively. 3. Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase activity showed no significant increases in starvation or alloxan-diabetes, but a 40% increase was found in fat-fed rats. 4. Less than 12% of the activities of both enzymes were found in the cytoplasmic fraction of normal liver. The cytoplasmic activity doubled in alloxan-diabetes and starvation; on feeding with a high-fat diet the increase, though significant, was less marked. 6. The intracellular distribution of glutamate dehydrogenase indicated that the changes in the cytoplasmic activities observed were not due to leakage from the mitochondria. 7. Feeding with a normal or high-fat diet after 48hr. starvation caused within 24hr. a decrease in the cytoplasmic activity of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase to values lower than those found in rats fed on a corresponding diet for a longer period of time. 8. Acetoacetyl-CoA deacylase activity in liver was about 20% of that of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase and was primarily located in the cytoplasm. Starvation or alloxan-diabetes did not alter the acetoacetyl-CoA deacylase activity. 9. It is concluded that variations in the concentrations of enzymes involved in acetoacetate synthesis play no major role in the regulation of ketone-body formation in starvation and alloxan-diabetes. The changes in the cytoplasmic activities of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase and lyase suggest that acetoacetate synthesis can occur in the cytoplasm. This may play a role in the disposal of surplus acetyl-CoA arising in the cytoplasm when lipogenesis is inhibited.
Nucleotide distribution of Escherichia coli 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleotide distribution of Escherichia coli 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acidAkira MutoCite this: Biochemistry 1970, 9, 19, 3683–3694Publication Date (Print):September 15, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 September 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00821a006https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00821a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views19Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
TWO-FACTOR AUTHENTICATION FOR THE BITCOIN PROTOCOL (2014)

We show how to realize two-factor authentication for a Bitcoin wallet employing the two-party ECDSA signature protocol adapted from MacKenzie & Reiter (2004). We also present a prototypic implementation of a Bitcoin wallet that offers both: two-factor authentication and verification over a separate channel. Since we use a smart phone as the second authentication factor, our solution can be used with hardware already available to most users and the user experience is quite similar to the existing online banking authentication methods.
VITAMIN C AS A COENZYME: THE HYDROLYSIS OF MUSTARD OIL GLUCOSIDES (1961)

Because of the comparatively small dimensions the decrease lasts for an hour or so, and because of its well-defined limits both the decrease and the recovery occur very quickly.
In situ hybridization. (1990)

Hybridization of a nucleic acid probe to nucleic acids within cytological preparations permits a high degree of spatial localization of sequences complementary to that probe. This localization can be useful in a number of ways for answering biological questions. For example, in situ hybridization to the DNA of condensed chromosomes can be used to map the sites of particular sequences. Hybridization to the DNA of interphase nuclei can be used to study the functional organization of specific sequences within the diffuse chromatin that characterizes this stage of the cell cycle. In situ hybridization to cellular RNA allows a very precise analysis of the tissue distribution, as well as the temporal distribution, of any RNA species of interest. In some cases, the distribution of RNA within single cells has interesting biological implications. In addition, in situ hybridization makes it possible to study the RNA of individual cells without interference from the RNA of other cells in the same tissue. Thus it is possible to use the technique to detect RNAs that are present in only a small subset of cells. Such RNAs might never be detected in RNA extracted from a whole tissue because of dilution by other RNA species from the many cells which do not contain the RNA of interest. Because it depends on the concentration of RNA within a cell, rather than within a tissue, in situ hybridization is useful not only to show where an RNA is localized but, in some cases, it may be the best way to show that an RNA exists at all.