gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
End-stage kidney disease due to Alport syndrome: outcomes in 296 consecutive Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry cases (2014)

Alport syndrome patients experienced comparable dialysis and renal transplant outcomes to matched non-Alport ESKD controls in the contemporary cohort due to relatively greater improvements in outcomes for non-Alport ESKD patients over time. Post-transplant anti-GBM disease was rare.
Covalent structure of collagen (1989)

Bovine articular type II collagen was prepared by limited pepsin digestion, differential salt fractionation and carboxymethylcellulose chromatography. Cyanogen bromide digestion of purified type II collagen alpha chains yielded twelve distinct peptides designated CB1-12. The peptide alpha 1(II)-CB11 was isolated by carboxymethylcellulose chromatography and Sephadex G-75S gel filtration. Automated Edman degradation together with chymotrypsin, thermolysin and trypsin digestion enabled identification of its complete amino acid sequence. Compared with type I and type III collagen, the data show similarity with alpha 1(I)-CB8 and alpha 1(III)-CB6-1-8-10-2 peptides, respectively. The peptide is located within residues 124-402 of the alpha 1(II) collagen chain and with its identification, now extends the known amino acid sequence of bovine type II cartilage collagen to 660 amino acid residues including alpha 1(II)-CB1-2-6-12-11-8-10 (partial). This corresponds to alpha 1(I)-CB0-1-2-4-5-8-3-7 (partial; 1-660) and alpha 1(III)-CB3A-3B-3C-7-6-1-8-10-2-4-5 (partial; 1-660) of bovine alpha 1(I) and alpha 1(III) collagen chains.
Mucopolysaccharidoses and mucolipidoses (1974)

However, when more enzymes were assayed in tissues from other patients, deficiency of lysosomal hydrolases were discovered, such as the lack of acid 3
WORM optical disk technology (1986)

In this paper we’ll use the Optotech 5984 commercial product as a vehicle to illustrate the working principles of an optical disk drive. The technology base of the optical disk drive lies in the optical head and the recording media while the engineering of the drive is dominated by electrical and mechanical issues. Furthermore, data mapping on the disk surface and methods of ensuring data integrity in spite of the large number of defects (10−5) on the disk constitutes an integral part of drive design considerations.
Guideline for the diagnosis and management of glutaryl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (glutaric aciduria type I) (2007)

Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disease with an estimated overall prevalence of 1 in 100 000 newborns. Biochemically, the disease is characterized by accumulation of glutaric acid, 3-hydroxyglutaric acid, glutaconic acid, and glutarylcarnitine, which can be detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of organic acids or tandem mass spectrometry of acylcarnitines. Clinically, the disease course is usually determined by acute encephalopathic crises precipitated by infectious diseases, immunizations, and surgery during infancy or childhood. The characteristic neurological sequel is acute striatal injury and, subsequently, dystonia. During the last three decades attempts have been made to establish and optimize therapy for GCDH deficiency. Maintenance treatment consisting of a diet combined with oral supplementation of L: -carnitine, and an intensified emergency treatment during acute episodes of intercurrent illness have been applied to the majority of patients. This treatment strategy has significantly reduced the frequency of acute encephalopathic crises in early-diagnosed patients. Therefore, GCDH deficiency is now considered to be a treatable condition. However, significant differences exist in the diagnostic procedure and management of affected patients so that there is a wide variation of the outcome, in particular of pre-symptomatically diagnosed patients. At this time of rapid expansion of neonatal screening for GCDH deficiency, the major aim of this guideline is to re-assess the common practice and to formulate recommendations for diagnosis and management of GCDH deficiency based on the best available evidence.
THE DIFFUSION BATTERY METHOD FOR AEROSOL PARTICLE SIZE DETERMINATION (1954)

The object of the work described in this report was to design and construct several diffusion batteries and to investigate the validity of the diffusion method for size determination of sub-micron homogenous aerosols.Two parallel plate diffusion batteries were made and used for particle size determination in the 0.1 micron radius range.The aerosol particle size as determined by the batteries was compared with the size as determined by a standard light scattering method.Results agreed to within 30 percent.Circular tube batteries were made and used to check the applicability INTRQDUCTION At present very little is known about the health hazard caused by inhalation of sub-micron smoke or dust particles.Drinker and Hatch1 state that vast numbers of particles below 0.25 micron radius are generated by industrial processe&-and they consider this sub-micron dust to be quite dangerous.Also, little is known about the efficiency of filters for particles under 0.1 micron radius.This lack of knowledge has been due to (1) difficulties in-generating homogeneous aerosols, and (2) the lack of con venient and reliable methods for determining particle sizes under 0.1 micron radius.Particles below 0.1 micron radius are too small for direct microscopic observation.Likewise, the standard light scattering techniques'" cannot be used.-Consequently, the methods now in use depend on observation of the particle with the ultramicroseope or-electron microscope.These methods are tedious and are not well ;suited for use in filter paper efficiency investigations.Recently LaMer3 has developed an unique method in which the particles are "grown" by use of an appropriate solvent, the "grown" size measured by standard methods, and the original size then calculated from the known growth factor.
The role of<i>N</i>‐methyl‐<scp>D</scp>‐asparate receptors in neurogenesis (2006)

The dentate gyrus continues to incorporate granule neurons during adulthood. Among the factors that we know modulate adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, one of the first studied was the influence of excitatory amino-acids. These neurotransmitters, acting through NMDA receptors, are able to modulate both the proliferation of progenitor cells as well as the rate of neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus. However, the mechanisms by which these processes are influenced are not clearly known. Although there is no anatomical evidence of NMDA receptor expression in adult hippocampal progenitor cells or differentiating granule neurons, electrophysiological data and in vitro studies suggest that NMDA receptors may be expressed by certain precursor cells and immature granule neurons. This review summarizes findings on the influence of pharmacological manipulation of NMDA receptors on adult neurogenesis. We also analyze previous studies that have suggested the expression of NMDA receptors in progenitors and immature granule cells and discuss the putative role of these receptors in the regulation of developmental processes such as proliferation, migration, or neurite outgrowth.
Alimentación del ganado lechero (1952)

Hoy es facil encontrar buenos hatos de ganado lechero en el Valle del Cauca. A medida que el uso de la inseminacion artificial se va generalizando, aumenta la produccion de los hatos servidos que usan los mejores toros, mejorando asi la eficiencia de los individuos.
Sin embargo, un aumento de la eficiencia se obtendra solamente si los animales son alimentados correctamente y tenidos con todos los cuidados posibles. La alimentacion debe ir mejorando a medida que el animal mejora su produccion a traves de la herencia y deben descartarse muchas ideas que han persistido por generaciones con respecto a las vacas de baja produccion y tratar de obtener el maximum de vacas buenas.
A Role of Ghrelin in Neuroendocrine and Behavioral Responses to Stress in Mice (2001)

Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, was recently identified in the rat stomach. Previous studies have shown that ghrelin potently increases growth hormone release and food intake. We examined the effects of the gastric peptide ghrelin on anxiety-like behavior in association with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in mice. Both intra-third cerebroventricular and intraperitoneal administration of ghrelin potently and significantly induced anxiogenic activities in the elevated plus maze test. Ghrelin gene expression in the stomach was increased by tail pinch stress as well as by starvation stress. Administration of a corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) receptor antagonist significantly inhibited ghrelin-induced anxiogenic effects. Peripherally administered ghrelin significantly increased CRH mRNA, but not urocortin mRNA expression in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of ghrelin produced a significant dose- dependent increase in serum corticosterone levels. These findings suggest that ghrelin may have a role in mediating neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stressors and that the stomach could play an important role, not only in the regulation of appetite, but also in the regulation of anxiety.
High-Frequency Thermally Actuated Electromechanical Resonators With Piezoresistive Readout (2011)

This paper presents fabrication, characterization, and modeling of micro/nanoelectromechanical high-frequency resonators actuated using thermal forces with piezoresistive readout. Thermally actuated single-crystalline silicon resonators with frequencies (up to 61 MHz) have been successfully demonstrated. It is shown both theoretically and experimentally that, as opposed to the general perception, thermal actuation can be a viable actuation mechanism for high-frequency resonators, and using appropriate design guidelines, this actuation mechanism could even be more suitable for higher frequency rather than lower frequency applications. It has been shown through comprehensive thermoelectro-mechanical modeling that thermal-piezoresistive nanomechanical resonators with frequencies in the gigahertz range can exhibit motional conductance values as high as 1 mA/V while consuming static power as low as a few microwatts.
T Cell–Mediated Host Immune Defenses in the Lung (2013)

Evidence has increasingly shown that the lungs are a major site of immune regulation. A robust and highly regulated immune response in the lung protects the host from pathogen infection, whereas an inefficient or deleterious response can lead to various pulmonary diseases. Many cell types, such as epithelial cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, and B and T lymphocytes, contribute to lung immunity. This review focuses on the recent advances in understanding how T lymphocytes mediate pulmonary host defenses against bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens.
Organizational Experiences and Career Success of MIS Professionals and Managers: An Examination of Race Differences1 (1992)

The role that race plays in influencing the work experiences and career outcomes of MIS personnel has been neglected in the MIS human resource management literature to date, despite the significant demographic changes in the work force projected by the year 2000 and beyond. Thus, the need to understand and eliminate any barriers to advancement for various subgroups is essential if employers are to continue attracting the most qualified employees. This study examines relationships among race, organizational experiences, job performance evaluation, and career outcomes of black and white MIS employees in a large, multi-national telecommunications company. Direct and indirect effects of race on job performance evaluations and career outcomes (i.e., advancement prospects, career satisfaction, and organizational commitment) are examined. Compared to white MIS employees, black MIS employees reported less job discretion, less career support, and lower levels of met expectations. In addition, blacks received lower job performance ratings and were less satisfied with their careers than whites. Among other things, it is recommended that organizations be sensitive to and work to prevent the disparate treatment of black and white employees in all areas of the company, especially by supervisors, which negatively affects black employees' opportunities for promotion and advancement and the quality of their experiences on the job. Employers cannot assume automatically that black and white employees, or other subgroups, have the same experiences on the job or that their perceptions of their experiences are the same. Suggestions for additional research are offered and human resouce management implications are identified.
Comparison of two- and three-dimensional echocardiography with cineventriculography for measurement of left ventricular volume in patients (1994)

Objectives. We compared two- and three-dimensional echocardiopaphy with cineventriculography for measurement of left ventricular volume in patients. Background. Three-dimensional echocardiography has been shown to be highly accurate and superior to two-dimensional echocardiography in measuring left ventricular volume in vitro. However, there has been little comparison of the two methods in patients. Methods. Two- and three-dimensional echocardiography were performed in 35 patients (mean age 48 years) 1 to 3 h before left ventricular cineventriculography. Three-dimensional echocardiography used an acoustic spatial locator to register image position. Volume was computed using a polyhedral surface reconstruction algorithm based on multiple nonparallel, unevenly spaced short-axis cross sections. Two-dimensional echocardiography used the apical biplane summation of disks method. Single-plane cineventriculographic volumes were calculated using the summation of disks algorithm. The methods were compared by linear regression and a limits of agreement analysis. For the latter, systematic error was assessed by the mean of the deferences (cineventriculography minus echocardiography), and the limits of agreement were defined as ±2 SD from the mean difference. Results. Three-dimensional echocardiographic volumes demonstrated excellent correlation (end-diastole r = 0.97; end-systole r = 0.98) with cineventriculography. Standard errors of the estimate were approximately half those of two-dimensional echocardiography (end-diastole ±11.0 ml vs. ±21.5 ml; end-systole ±10.2 ml vs. ±17.0 ml). By limits of agreement analysis the end-diastolic mean diferences for two- and three-dimensional echocardiography were 21.1 and 12.9 ml, respectively. The limits of agreement (±2 SD) were ±54.0 and ±24.8 ml, respectively. For end-systole, comparable improvement was obtained by three-dimensional echocardiography. Results for ejection fraction by the two methods were similar. Conclusions. Three-dimensional echocardiography correlates highly with cineventriculography for estimation of ventricular volumes in patients and has approximately half the variability of two-dimensional echocardiography for these measurements. On the basis of this study, three-dimensional echocardiography is the preferred echocardiographic technique for measurement of ventricular volume. Three-dimensional echocardiography is equivalent to two-dimensional echocardiography for measuring ejection fraction.
Expandable Liner Hangers: Case Histories (2002)

Abstract Initial liner top integrity is a primary concern for most operators. If the liner top fails routine or regulatory integrity tests, expensive and time-consuming remedial operations increase direct costs for equipment and services. This remediation delays well completion, which ultimately delays revenue generation. These expenses often exceed the initial cost of the liner equipment. Liner top failure continues to challenge the industry despite improvements in integrally run liner top packers, special cements, and cementing pratices. Even newer generation liner top packers, run either integrally with the liner hanger or as a second trip packer, have multiple sealing surfaces that must function under rigorous conditions to achieve liner top isolation. The expandable liner hanger has been developed and successfully field-tested as an alternative to conventional "cone and slip" liner hangers and liner top isolation packer systems. The expandable liner hanger combines the functions of the liner hanger and the isolation packer into a single component. The expandable liner hanger uses elastomeric "bands" to provide the axial load capacity of a conventional liner hanger and the annular sealing capability of the liner top isolation packer. The expandable liner hanger is expanded hydraulically with the liner running/setting tool assembly. During expansion, the elastomeric bands are compressed into contact with the ID of the supporting/intermediate casing, virtually eliminating the annular space between the liner hanger and the casing. This paper discusses expandable liner hanger design criteria and testing undertaken to qualify the expandable liner hanger as a reliable liner top isolation system. Initial field installations and the lessons learned are also discussed. Introduction The importance of the liner-casing overlap is illustrated by the efforts and expense taken by operators to ensure hydraulic integrity of the overlap. Typical methods of achieving pressure integrity include the following:Cement "squeezes," including a liner top packer as a component of the initial liner hanger settingOne or more "second-trip" liner top isolation packers installed to control gas migration at the liner top The typical liner top is complex in its design (Fig. 1) and can develop leaks due to a myriad of causes1. A recent informal survey of several GOM operators revealed that 30 to 50% of pressure seals in overlaps fail. One operator made a concerted effort to improve liner running and cementing procedures. Data gathered over an 18-month period was used to shed light on possible causes of overlap failure by gathering information on liner/casing sizes, types of equipment, overlap length, mud data, annular cross section, equipment, and service suppliers. The study concluded the chances of having a liner overlap seal failure did not depend on any single factor and the chances for an incident were nearly the same regardless of the factors associated with any given well2.
Mining Associative Relations From Website Logs and Their Application to Context-Dependent Retrieval Using Spreading Activation. (1999)

We have devized a methodology that mines sequential navigation patterns from a website&apos;s logs to enable us to identify the most signicant associative links in the networks. Spreading activation can then be applied to the generated network of weighted hyperlinks enabling the content-dependent, semantic retrieval of nodes in the network. This approach to information retrieval avoids manyofthe existing problems in IR associated to synonymy and polysemy in lexically matching query approaches. KEYWORDS: Adaptivehypertext, associative networks, spreading activation, information retrieval. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Lost in Hyperspace, again. The problems users of hypertext networks experience in browsing the networks&apos; hyperlink structure for the retrieval of information are well-documented. Users report diculties in nding the information they need, assessing the general structure of the network they are browsing, the feeling of getting lost and not knowing where to go [10]. Several authors h...
A nearest neighborhood algebra for probabilistic databases (2000)

Queries on probabilistic databases would be based on approximate matching rather than exact matching. This is partly due to the fact that the user may not know what are the exact probabilities of objects in a database. On the other hand, the domain o
Novel Biodegradable Polyphosphate Cross-Linker for Making Biocompatible Hydrogel (2004)

To obtain a novel biodegradable cross-linker, polymerizable polyphosphate (PIOP) was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of 2-i-propyl-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane with 2-(2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphoroyloxyethyl methacrylate) (OPEMA). The number averaged molecular weight of the PIOP was 1.2 × 104, and the number of OPEMA units in one PIOP molecule was 2.2. Nonenzymatic degradation of the PIOP was evaluated in various pH aqueous media. The degree of hydrolysis was dependent on the pH; that is, it increased with an increase in the pH of the medium. At pH 11.0, the PIOP completely degraded in only 6 days. The poly[2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)] cross-linked with the PIOP was prepared by radical polymerization. This polymer could form hydrogel, and the free water fraction in the hydrogel was high. The enzymatic activity of trypsin in contact with the hydrogel was similar to that in buffer solution. There is no adverse effect caused by the hydrogel to reduce the function of the trypsin. The cytotoxicity of poly(MPC) and degraded PIOP was evaluated using v79 cells, and it was not observed in either case. In conclusion, PIOP is a hydrolyzable polymer, which can be used as a cross-linker, and novel hydrogels having biodegradability and biocompatibility were prepared from poly(MPC) cross-linked with the PIOP.
입목재적 (立木材積) 측정법에 관한 연구 ( 용재수목의 (用材樹木) 재적측정법을 중심으로 ) (1963)

Recognizing shortcomings and unreasonable points of the usual methods of measurement of the standing tree volume, author contrived measurement formula of standing-tree volume which is based on stem curve equation, y²=2px, resulted from the analysises and experiments on stem curve by differentiation & integration. The results of this study are as follows ; (1) The following is the formula. V = 1/2 g_(1.2)(h+1.2) V = volume of tree g_(1.2) = sectional area at breast-heigh h = height of tree (2) So plain is the form of this formula that this lornula is more convenient than usual formulas in measuring. (3) The percentage error of this formula is negative and it is remarkably superior to usual formulas except Pressler’s formula, in other words, the higher the tree that is measured is, the more inaccurate become pressler’s formula, and the percentage error of the breast-height form factor method is direct proportion to the grossness of the tree that is measured, but the higher the tree that is measured, the lower become percentage error of this formula in geometrical progression.
HYPO71 (revised; a computer program for determining hypocenter, magnitude, and first motion pattern of local earthquakes (1975)

REAL LATtLON»LAT2»LON2»LATFP»LQN£PfMAG»LATR»LQNR COMMON /A3/ NRES(2.151)>NXM(151).NFM(151)«SW(?tl5l)tSRSQ(2»151)t SRWT(2»151)fSXM(lSl)fSXMSO(lSl)»SFM(151)tSFMSQUSl)»QNO<4) COMMON /AS/ ZTR»XNEAR»XFAR«POS»IQ»KMSfKFM»IPUNtIMAG»IRtOSPA(9»40) COMMON /A6/ NMAX.LMAX»NS.NL»MMAXfNR»FNO»Z»X(4f101)»ZSOtNRP»DF(101) COMMON /A7/ KP»KZ»KOUT,wlTU01>tY(4)»SE(4)tXMEAN(4)tCP(180).SPU80) COMMON /Afl/ CAL(lOl).XMAG(lOl)»FMAG(101)»NM»AVXMtSDXM»NFtAVFM, SOFM»MAGfKDX(ini)tAMX(lOl)fP«X(10D »CALX(101)tFMP(iOl) COMMON /A12/ MSTA(lOl) »PRMK<101) »W(101) tJMINUOD .P(lOl) t KMK(lOl),WRK(101),TP(101) .OTU01),COSL(701) COMMON /A14/ MRKfMDOL»HLANK»MSTAR»DOTtSTAR4iQUES»CRMK»MCENT,ISTAR COMMON /A15/ MtL»J»ORG»JAV»PMIN»AZRES(101
Low‐Overpotential Water Oxidation by a Surface‐Bound Ruthenium‐Chromophore–Ruthenium‐Catalyst Assembly (2013)

When anchored to nanoITO (indium tin oxide), the ruthenium chromophore-catalyst assembly shown acts as an electrocatalyst for water oxidation, with O2 evolution occurring at an overpotential of 230 mV in 0.1 M HClO4 . The potential response of the electrode points to 3 e(-) /2 H(+) oxidized [Rua (III) Rub (IV) O](5+) as the active form of the assembly.