gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genomic structure and functional characterization of the human ADAM10 promoter (2005)

The ADAM10 gene encodes a membrane-bound disintegrin-metalloproteinase, which, after overexpression in an Alzheimer disease (AD) mouse model, prevents amyloid pathology and improves long-term potentiation and memory. Because enhancing ADAM10 expression appears to be a reasonable approach for treatment of AD, we functionally analyzed the ADAM10 gene. Both human and mouse ADAM10 genes comprise approximately 160 kbp, are composed of 16 exons, and are evolutionarily highly conserved within 500 bp upstream of either translation initiation site. By using luciferase reporter assays, we demonstrate that nucleotides -2179 to -1 upstream of the human ADAM10 translation initiation site represent a functional TATA-less promoter. Within this region we identified and examined several single nucleotide polymorphisms, but did not detect significant differences in their appearance between AD and nondemented control subjects. By deletion analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, transcription factor overexpression and electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we identified nucleotides -508 to -300 as the core promoter and found Sp1, USF, and retinoic acid-responsive elements to modulate its activity. Finally, we identified vitamin A acid (RA) as an inducer of human ADAM10 promoter activity. This finding suggests that pharmacologic targeting of RA receptors may increase the expression of the alpha-secretase ADAM10 with beneficial effects on AD pathology.
[Effect of an homologous blood transfusion and hemodilution on the central hemodynamics and myocardial contractile function]. (1979)

Angelo Plessas started in 2000 to create web sites as artworks. This book contains most of the illustrations that he created during the period of 2001-2003. Some of these works are not yet published on the web.\nAngelo Plessas’ works includes web sites for worldwide famous artists and and art centers such as Andreas Angelidakis, Vanessa Beecroft, Miltos Manetas, Armin Linke, Xavier Veilhan, Carsten Holler.\n
From Distracted to Distributed Attention: Expanded Learning through Social Media, Augmented Reality, Remixing, and Activist Geocaching (2018)

With the increasing proliferation of digital technologies into our daily routines, long-standing debates have resurfaced on the potential of prosthetic devices to extend our cognitive capacities and distribute intelligence across human and non-human agents. This article will propose ways in which we, as educators, can harness the distractions that new technologies can pose to teaching and research towards productive models of distributed attention and collective intelligence. By reflecting on the relationship between play and pedagogy through critical theory, as well as on the benefits of hyper-connected and collaborative learning, this article hopes to expand the branch of Digital Humanities that Holly Willis terms as the cinematic humanities. Remixing, recontextualization, and the non-linear/non-sequential reconfiguration of information can provide us with new modes of distributed attention and critical making in the digital age. This article focuses on low and no-budget process-oriented collaborative projects for Cinema, Media Studies, and Digital Humanities courses (adjustable to other subject matters) that incorporate remixing, social and locative media, and augmented reality into experimental modes of connected and collaborative learning. The first assignment is a live film scoring remix, where students collectively brainstormed on picking sound clips/samples to add new soundtracks to early silent films. Remixing practices can offer new insights into cinema's legacy and challenge ocularcentric notions of film spectatorship by, in this case, reversing the conventional hierarchy of image-sound into sound-image and reflecting on how our minds attempt to process the impulse of sensory synchronization in cinema. The second sample assignment proposes new ways of using easy-to-learn and accessible GIS (Geographic Information System) and AR (Augmented Reality) tools to create projects related to civic engagement and local/online activism. The drifts from pre-determined learning outcomes are meant to be active disruptions to any prescribed limitations that delimit what digital humanities should or should not be, and other issues that often undermine the potential contributions to digital humanities that derive from the intellectual and material labor that happens in the networked, expanded and distributed classroom. The remix aesthetic, the unfinished and makeshift nature of these projects is something that I find adds value to this kind of process-oriented pedagogy because it remains in touch with the pre-institutionalized experimental ethos that prompted the formation of the digital humanities and other disciplinary cross-pollinations.
Photonic band gaps of polygonal and circular dielectric rods in square lattices (2008)

The plane-wave method is employed to determine the band structures and the field patterns of the photonic crystals with polygonal and circular rods in square lattices. Isotropic and anisotropic N-fold polygonal rods are used to assess the effects of the shapes and symmetries of polygonal rods on E- and H-polarization modes. The photonic band structures of the polygonal rods approach those of the circular rods as N increases above a value that is determined by the optical properties of the photonic crystal. Moreover, for comparable geometric structures, anisotropic polygonal-rod photonic crystals can provide larger absolute photonic band gaps than isotropic photonic crystals.
Packaging of MEMS microphones (2009)

To miniaturize MEMS microphones we have developed a microphone package using flip chip technology instead of chip and wire bonding. In this new packaging technology MEMS and ASIC are flip chip bonded on a ceramic substrate. The package is sealed by a laminated polymer foil and by a metal layer. The sound port is on the bottom side in the ceramic substrate. In this paper the packaging technology is explained in detail and results of electro-acoustic characterization and reliability testing are presented. We will also explain the way which has led us from the packaging of Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) components to the packaging of MEMS microphones.
Prediction of Biomechanical Parameters in the Lumbar Spine During Static Sagittal Plane Lifting (1998)

A combined approach involving optimization and the finite element technique was used to predict biomechanical parameters in the lumbar spine during static lifting in the sagittal plane. Forces in muscle fascicles of the lumbar region were first predicted using an optimization-based force model including the entire lumbar spine. These muscle forces as well as the distributed upper body weight and the lifted load were then applied to a three-dimensional finite element model of the thoracolumbar spine and rib cage to predict deformation, the intradiskal pressure, strains, stresses, and load transfer paths in the spine. The predicted intradiskal pressures in the L3-4 disk at the most deviated from the in vivo measurements by 8.2 percent for the four lifting cases analyzed. The lumbosacral joint flexed, while the other lumbar joints extended for all of the four lifting cases studied (rotation of a joint is the relative rotation between its two vertebral bodies). High stresses were predicted in the posterolateral regions of the endplates and at the junctions of the pedicles and vertebral bodies. High interlaminar shear stresses were found in the posterolateral regions of the lumbar disks. While the facet joints of the upper two lumbar segments did not transmit any load, the facet joints of the lower two lumbar segments experienced significant loads. The ligaments of all lumbar motion segments except the lumbosacral junction provided only marginal moments. The limitations of the current model and possible improvements are discussed.
Dentine hypersensitivity. II. Effects produced by the uptake <i>in vitro</i> of toothpastes onto dentine (1989)

Toothpastes arguably are the most common preparations used in the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. Evidence for efficacy largely comes from clinical trials, and supports the role of the contained so-called "active" ingredient. How such compounds produce therapeutic benefit has received limited attention. This study measured the availability and uptake onto dentine of fluoride and metal ions contained in commercial and test toothpastes. The effects of exposure of dentine sections to these toothpastes, and abrasive only pastes in particular, was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis. Aqueous extracts of the different toothpastes contained measurable concentrations of the incorporated metal and or fluoride, but usually considerably below that incorporated by the manufacturer. Extraction of dentine sections exposed to toothpaste slurries revealed levels of fluoride and metal ions, although post-treatment washing in water reduced these levels. Surface changes at 1 and 10 h were not consistent with the uptake of fluoride or metals. These changes were almost certainly produced by the contained abrasives, including calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, alumina and silica. In particular fume silica progressively accumulated on the dentine surface to narrow and occlude dentinal tubules. Unlike other abrasives fume silica was resistant to removal by washing. It would appear that insufficient attention has been given to the therapeutic potential of toothpaste ingredients, particularly abrasives, to produce benefit by occlusion of dentinal tubules.
Increased arginase activity underlies allergen‐induced deficiency of cNOS‐derived nitric oxide and airway hyperresponsiveness (2002)

1. A deficiency of constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS)-derived nitric oxide (NO), due to reduced availability of L-arginine, importantly contributes to allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) after the early asthmatic reaction (EAR). Since cNOS and arginase use L-arginine as a common substrate, we hypothesized that increased arginase activity is involved in the allergen-induced NO deficiency and AHR. 2. Using a guinea-pig model of allergic asthma, we addressed this hypothesis by examining the effects of the specific arginase inhibitor N(omega)-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine (nor-NOHA) on the responsiveness to methacholine of isolated perfused tracheae from unchallenged control animals and from animals 6 h after ovalbumin challenge. Arginase activity in these preparations was investigated by measuring the conversion of L-[14C]arginine to [14C]urea. 3. Airways from allergen-challenged animals showed a 2 fold (P<0.001) increase in responsiveness to intraluminal (IL) administration of methacholine compared to controls. A similar hyperresponsiveness (1.8 fold, P<0.01) was observed in control airways incubated with the NOS inhibitor N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 0.1 mM, IL), while L-NAME had no further effect on the airways from challenged animals. 4. Remarkably, 5 microM nor-NOHA (IL) normalized the hyperresponsiveness of challenged airways to basal control (P<0.001), and this effect was fully reversed again by 0.1 mM L-NAME (P<0.05). Moreover, arginase activity in homogenates of the hyperresponsive airways was 3.5 fold (P<0.001) enhanced compared to controls. 5. The results indicate that enhanced arginase activity contributes to allergen-induced deficiency of cNOS-derived NO and AHR after the EAR, presumably by competition with cNOS for the common substrate, L-arginine. This is the first demonstration that arginase is involved in the pathophysiology of asthma.
Hyperthermia potentiates the effects of aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate‐mediated photodynamic toxicity in human malignant and normal cell lines (1991)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of photodynamic therapy utilizing aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate in vitro on several human malignant and normal cell types, with or without hyperthermia. Cells examined included normal skin fibroblasts, HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells, SCC-25 (squamous cell carcinoma) and malignant melanoma cells. An argon-pumped continuous wave tunable dye laser at 675 nm was used as the light source, hyperthermia groups were heated to 42.5 degrees C, and radioisotope incorporation was used to measure DNA and protein synthesis as toxicity assays. Results showed an energy-dose, and A1PcS-concentration dependent toxicity in all cell lines examined, with moderate selectivity toward malignant cells. Hyperthermia alone was slightly toxic in melanomas and HT-1080 cell lines but had no effect in normal fibroblasts or SCC-25 cells. Hyperthermia synergistically potentiated the effects of PDT in all cell lines, and the combined modality was significantly more toxic in all malignant cell lines compared with normal cells. Thus, addition of hyperthermia to PDT protocols may enhance the efficacy of this treatment modality in vitro.
Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody and vitiligo: a controlled study (2006)

According to our study, anti-TPO was shown to be significantly more common in vitiligo patients especially in young women, compared with control group. As this antibody is a relatively sensitive and specific marker of autoimmune thyroid disorders including Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves' disease, and considering the fact that vitiligo usually precedes the onset of thyroid dysfunction, periodic follow-up of vitiligo patients for detecting thyroid diseases is further emphasized especially in young women with increased level of anti-TPO.
On the low-frequency conductivity in manganese cobalt ferrites (1994)

The electrical properties of CoMnxFe2−xO4 (0 ≦ x ≦ 1) ferrites are investigated by ac conductivity measurements in the frequency range (102 to 105 Hz) and the temperature range (300 to 950 K). The obtained conductivity results reveal the existence of a sum of two conductivity parameters σdc and σH; and can be interpreted as the dc conductivity which is mainly due to excitations of electrons in localized states to the conduction bands, and to hopping conduction, respectively. All compositions exhibit a transition with a change in the slope of conductivity versus temperature curve. This transition temperature is found to decrease with increasing manganese content. All results are explained and discussed in terms of the magnetic and crystallographic behaviour of the compounds.
Distributed application configuration, management, and visualization with plush (2011)

Support for distributed application management in large-scale networked environments remains in its early stages. Although a number of solutions exist for subtasks of application deployment, monitoring, and maintenance in distributed environments, few tools provide a unified framework for application management. Many of the existing tools address the management needs of a single type of application or service that runs in a specific environment, and these tools are not adaptable enough to be used for other applications or platforms. To this end, we present the design and implementation of Plush, a fully configurable application management infrastructure designed to meet the general requirements of several different classes of distributed applications. Plush allows developers to specifically define the flow of control needed by their computations using application building blocks. Through an extensible resource management interface, Plush supports execution in a variety of environments, including both live deployment platforms and emulated clusters. Plush also uses relaxed synchronization primitives for improving fault tolerance and liveness in failure-prone environments. To gain an understanding of how Plush manages different classes of distributed applications, we take a closer look at specific applications and evaluate how Plush provides support for each.
An essay on counting (1989)

Several of the psychological notions inherent in the Peano Postulates are discussed in this paper. It is intended as an heurism for the theory of semigroups.
Folding furrows (2011)

Sulci are localized furrows on the surface of soft materials that form by a compression-induced instability. We unfold this instability by breaking its natural scale and translation invariance, and compute a limiting bifurcation diagram for sulcfication showing that it is a scale-free, subcritical nonlinear instability. In contrast with classical nucleation, sulcification is continuous, occurs in purely elastic continua and is structurally stable in the limit of vanishing surface energy. During loading, a sulcus nucleates at a point with an upper critical strain and an essential singularity in the linearized spectrum. On unloading, it quasistatically shrinks to a point with a lower critical strain, explained by breaking of scale symmetry. At intermediate strains the system is linearly stable but nonlinearly unstable with no energy barrier. Simple experiments confirm the existence of these two critical strains.
On Estimating the Topology of an Adversarial Wireless Network (2008)

Owing to recent interest in sensor networks for military and security applications, studies of the security vulnerabilities of these networks are becoming increasingly important. In the present paper, the problem of estimating the topology of an adversarial sensor network is considered. The adversarial network is assumed to employ strong encryption, so that its transmitted packets are assumed to be unreadable by the observer. Thus, the algorithms are required to make use of the time correlations in channel uses by the adversarial network. Assuming the use of the MACA protocol, our algorithms are capable of estimating both the routes used by nodes in the adversarial sensor network, and as the identities of the nodes that are within each other's neighborhood (i.e., within radio range of each other), so that an attack could be designed for maximum effect. Results are presented which show that route estimation can be accomplished quickly using our algorithm, and that neighborhood estimation can be accomplished in a reasonable amount of time.
Priming effects with drugs and other reinforcers. (1996)

Abstinent drug users often report that taking even a small amount of their previously abused drug increases their desire for the drug and can lead to a full relapse. This apparent effect of drugs has been studied in both laboratory animals and humans. In animals trained to selfadminister drugs, small amounts of a previously self-administered drug readily reinstate responding. In humans, administration of a previously abused drug increases self-reported craving and desire for the drug. Priming effects also occur with other reinforcers (e.g., presentation of a food stimulus increases food-reinforced responding). This article examines the generality of priming phenomena, and it examines some of the learned or unlearned processes that underlie the effect. Abstinent drug users who consume even a small quantity of their previously preferred drug often report that the drug increases both the subjective desire for more of the drug and the likelihood of resuming regular use of the drug. One of the basic tenets of Alcoholics Anonymous is that a single alcoholic drink greatly increases the risk that an abstinent individual will relapse, or return to regular, excessive alcohol use (Alcoholics Anonymous, 1955). This effect is thought to occur even after long periods of abstinence and is even believed to extend to the alcoholic individual's responses to other classes of psychoactive drugs, such as tranquilizers and sedatives. Similarly, many cigarette smokers report that they failed in previous attempts to quit when they tested themselves, or sampled, even one or two puffs from a cigarette. Even ex-smokers who successfully abstain from smoking for lengthy periods of time report that having a single cigarette markedly increases their desire to smoke and their likelihood of relapsing. This apparent increase in the motivation to consume a drug after a single dose of the drug is referred to as the priming effect. Priming is likely to be an important factor in relapse to drug abuse. Whereas many drug users succeed in achieving an initial period of abstinence, most of these users relapse within a relatively short period of time. The relapse process is likely to consist of several phases, including, for example, an initial phase that results in the first re-use of the drug, and a secondary phase that begins' as soon as the drug is ingested. Shiffman (1986) has studied the factors involved in the initial phase using retrospective reports from relapsed drug users. Drug users reported that relapse episodes may be precipitated by a wide range of situations and stimuli, including positive and negative emotional states and intra- and interpersonal factors. During the second phase (i.e., after the drug is ingested), other factors may prevail. For example, the direct pharmacological effects of the drug or learned associations resulting from previous administrations of the drug may influence behavior.
Paris I Dysfibrinogenemia: A Point Mutation in Intron 8 Results in Insertion of a 15 Amino Acid Sequence in the Fibrinogen γ-Chain (1993)

Summary Paris I dysfibrinogenemia results in the production of a fibrinogen molecule containing a functionally abnormal γ-chain. We determined the basis of the molecular defect using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the γ-chain region of the Paris I subject’s genomic DNA. Comparative sequence analysis of cloned PCR segments of normal and Paris I genomic DNA revealed only an A→G point mutation occurring at nucleotide position 6588 within intron 8 of the Paris I γ-chain gene. We examined six normal individuals and found only normal sequence in this region, indicating that this change is not likely to represent a normal polymorphism. This nucleotide change leads to a 45 bp fragment being inserted between exons 8 and 9 in the mature γparis I chain mRNA, and encodes a 15 amino acid insert after γ350 [M-C-G-E-A-L-P-M-L-K-D-P-C-Y]. Alternative splicing of this region from intron 8 into the mature Paris I γ-chain mRNA also results after translation into a substitution of S for G at position γ351. Biochemical studies of 14C-iodoacetamide incorporation into disulfide-reduced Paris I and normal fibrinogen corroborated the molecular biologic predictions that two additional cysteine residues exist within the γpariS I chain. We conclude that the insertion of this amino acid sequence leads to a conformationallyaltered, and dysfunctional γ-chain in Paris I fibrinogen.
Using Mandibular Tooth Row Length to Age Yearling White-Tailed Deer (2006)

Abstract Using current methods of age determination, white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from the same cohort are classified as 1.5-year-old deer when actual age may vary by 6 or more months. We measured mandibular tooth row length (mm) on mandible impressions of 41 (23 males and 18 females) known-age captive white-tailed deer to develop an aging model that would estimate age in days. To test the model, each month from 12 to 24 months, we measured dentitions of 34 (19 males, 15 females) known-age captive white-tailed deer. We found that mandibular tooth row length was a strong predictor of age for both males (r2 = 0.93; P ≤ 0.0001) and females (r2 = 0.92; P ≤ 0.0001). For males and females, respectively, the equations that predicted age (days) were ln (age) = −4.34 + 2.45 ln (mandibular tooth row length in mm) and ln (age) = −4.62 + 2.54 ln (mandibular tooth row length in mm). The models predicted >50% of test jaws for males from 14 to 24 months and >60% of test jaws for females from 16–24 months within 7 days of actual age. Peak accuracy occurred at 18 months for males and 19–21 months of age for females. These models complement current aging methods and could be used by wildlife biologists in the field to age hunter-harvested deer ≤24 months.