gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Thermal Properties and Their Chemical Structure in Phenanthroimidazole-Based Material (2013)

Phenanthroimidazole and its derivatives have attracted more and more attention in preparing bipolar and high-efficiency saturated blue emitters due to their excellent thermal properties. To discuss the effect on the glass transi- tion temperature and thermal decomposition temperature originating from the chemical structure change in phenan- throimidazole-based material, such as the linked position and different substituent groups, 1,2-diphenyl-phenan- thro(9,10-d)-imidazole is chosen as a model compound based on the current results. By tuning the substituent structure and linked mode in the imidazole ring 1,2-position, some regularities are revealed. The analysis results show that the Tg decreases with the increase of the molecular steric and rises with the increase of conjugated degree and planarity, si- multaneously, 2-position of imidazole ring plays a more important role in all substituent positions. The Td is enhanced with the increase of molecular weight, conjugation and molecular planarity. All of these would provide some valuable suggestions for the design of phenanthroimidazole-based materials with excellent thermal properties.
An Analytical Technique for Counteracting Drift in Ion-Selective Field Effect Transistors (ISFETs) (2004)

The instability of the dc operating point in pH-sensitive ion-selective field effect transistors (ISFETs) renders the continuous monitoring of physiological pH using these devices inaccurate. This instability, commonly known as drift, manifests itself as a relatively slow, monotonic change in the measuring output signal in the absence of variations in the pH. In this work, a method for correction of ISFET drift is presented. This method takes advantage of the relatively small instantaneous drift rate in ISFETs to compensate for the drift signal superimposed on the sensor output. The validity of this method is experimentally confirmed by continuous monitoring of pH under in vitro conditions approximating metabolic acidosis using a Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/-gate pH-sensitive ISFET.
Treatment with hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors in hypercholesterolemia induces changes in the components of the extrinsic coagulation system. (1991)

The present study was performed to determine the influence of pharmaceutical intervention on parameters of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in hypercholesterolemic patients. Eighteen otherwise-healthy individuals with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia were treated with a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (simvastatin, 40 mg daily) for 12-14 weeks followed by additional treatment with omega-3 fatty acids (equivalent to 4 g eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid daily) for 6 more weeks. With simvastatin treatment, the mean decreases in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B (apo B) were 39%, 46%, and 36%, respectively. Only minor changes in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apo A-1 were recorded. omega-3 fatty acids had minor additional effects. The most prominent effects on the blood coagulation system were the changes in extrinsic pathway inhibitor (EPI), which is the inhibitor of the factor VIIa-tissue thromboplastin complex. EPI activity decreased from a median of 153% to 111% (p less than 0.001) with simvastatin treatment and to 112% (p less than 0.001) on the combined regimen. EPI activity was significantly correlated with LDL cholesterol (r = 0.78), total cholesterol (r = 0.77), apo B (r = 0.65), and apo A-1 (r = 0.45). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that LDL cholesterol was the most important predictor of EPI activity, which suggests that a majority of EPI activity in plasma is associated with LDL. Moreover, the alteration in EPI activity was correlated closely with the corresponding alteration in LDL, which suggests a direct relation between a coagulation-inhibitor activity and a pharmaceutical lipid-related response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Selective betalain impregnation from red amaranth extract onto titanium dioxide nanoparticles (2019)

In the present work, we reported a selective impregnation of betalain from the red amaranth extract onto titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles with the help of (3-chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane (CPTMS) as the organic linker. At first, the red amaranth was extracted using a free-solvent method and encapsulated with maltodextrin. The CPTMS was then used as a linker agent to prepare the composite TiO2 material containing the red amaranth extract (0.05, 0.10, and 0.20% (w/w)) by an impregnation method in ethanol. After the impregnation, the filtrate color was green while the composite material was obtained as a purplish solid. The diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible (DR UV-Vis) spectra of the composite materials showed the absorption peaks at 540 and 665 nm, showing the presence of the betalain pigment. Furthermore, the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of the composite material confirmed the betalain functional groups, i.e. O-H and N-H (3680-2980 cm−1), C-H sp3 (2924 cm−1), C=O (1632 cm−1), C=C, C=N (1385 cm−1), C-O, C-N (1030-1024 cm−1) and Ti-O-Ti (800-500 cm−1). These results demonstrated that selective impregnation of betalain onto the TiO2 material could be achieved by using CPTMS as the linker agent.
Integrated acousto-optic tunable filters in LiNbO/sub 3/ for blue-green spectral region (2002)

A detailed analysis and calculated performances of guided-wave collinear acousto-optic interactions in X- and Z- cuts of LiNbO/sub 3/ waveguide substrates relevant to tunable optical filtering has been carried out. Calculated performances at five optical center wavelengths (0.5, 0.80, 1.15, 1.31, and 1.55 /spl mu/m) of practical importance with particular emphasis in the blue-green spectral region have been obtained. For example, it was shown that the acoustic drive power requirements for 100% TM/sub 0//spl rarr/TE/sub 0/ mode conversion in the Z-cut configuration is significantly lower than the corresponding values for the TE/sub 0//spl rarr/TM/sub 0/ mode conversion in the X-cut configuration at all optical wavelengths. At the center blue-green spectral region of 0.50 /spl mu/m, an acoustic drive power requirement as low as 0.17 mW/mm for 100% TM/sub 0//spl rarr/TE/sub 0/ mode conversion and an optical bandwidth as narrow as 0.78 nm can be achieved in the Z-cut waveguide (X-propagating SAW) at a guiding layer thickness of 0.6 /spl mu/m, and an interaction length of 30 mm.
Two-stage corrective surgery for congenital deformities of the spine (1979)

Sixty patients with congenital deformities of the spine were operated upon in the past fifteen years using a two-stage procedure. In the fifty patients with scoliosis half of the deformities were due to hemivertebrae and half to unilateral bars. The average correction of the deformity was 47 per cent. Early neurological signs observed in two patients with a diastematomyelia resolved. Of the ten patients with kyphosis nine had neurological signs of impending paraplegia and one was completely paraplegic before operation; all improved markedly. Posterior spinal fusion alone in the rapidly progressing congenital deformity may not prevent further progression, particularly in those cases iwth unilateral bars. Anterior resection of the vertebral body with later posterior fusion with Harrington instrumentation is safe and effective.
Advertisement and shopping guide system for large supermarkets based on wireless sensor network (2012)

The design and implementation of a new intelligent advertisement and shopping guide system for large supermarkets is presented in the article. The wireless touch screen integrated in the shopping cart can automatically broadcast the commodities' advertisements when the cart is moving in the large supermarket. And consumers can easily search the commodity they need with the help of electronic guide service. Thus, it overcomes lots of disadvantages in the traditional advertisement and shopping guide system for supermarkets, such as inefficient management of commodities and inconvenient shopping. In this article, the detailed analysis of the implementation of the system is also described, including the hardware design of the system node, the implementation of routing protocol and localization of mobile nodes.
Ginkgo Biloba for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease: A Review of the Literature (2002)

Results from clinical trials demonstrate that standardized leaf extracts of Ginkgo biloba (SGB extract) reduce the symptoms of age-associated memory impairment and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, and may be of benefit in treating intermittent claudication. In addition, preliminary results suggest that SGB extract may be useful in preventing and treating cardiovascular disease (CVD). particularly ischemic cardiac syndrome. Since many patients with cardiovascular disease are already taking anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs, self-medication with SGB extract is not recommended without the advice of their physician. Although SGB extracts look promising for preventing and treating CVD, well-controlled clinical trials are needed before clinical recommendations can be made.
Advances in clinical NK cell studies: Donor selection, manufacturing and quality control (2015)

Natural killer (NK) cells are increasingly used in clinical studies in order to treat patients with various malignancies. The following review summarizes platform lectures and 2013-2015 consortium meetings on manufacturing and clinical use of NK cells in Europe and United States. A broad overview of recent pre-clinical and clinical results in NK cell therapies is provided based on unstimulated, cytokine-activated, as well as genetically engineered NK cells using chimeric antigen receptors (CAR). Differences in donor selection, manufacturing and quality control of NK cells for cancer immunotherapies are described and basic recommendations are outlined for harmonization in future NK cell studies.
Towards practical anonymous password authentication (2010)

The conventional approach for anonymous password authentication incurs O(N) server computation, linear to the total number of users. In ACSAC'09, Yang et al. proposed a new approach for anonymous password authentication, breaking this lower bound. However, Yang et al.'s scheme has not considered membership withdrawal and online guessing attacks, two issues must be addressed before anonymous password authentication is acceptable for practical use. Thus our main thrust in this work is to provide solutions to these issues. We do not just work upon Yang et al.'s scheme; rather, we use a set of different primitives, and as a result, our scheme has much better performance. We prove the security of our scheme. Furthermore, we empirically evaluate the efficiency of our scheme, and implement a proof-of-concept prototype.
Combining pain therapy with lifestyle: the role of personalized nutrition and nutritional supplements according to the SIMPAR Feed Your Destiny approach (2016)

Recently, attention to the lifestyle of patients has been rapidly increasing in the field of pain therapy, particularly with regard to the role of nutrition in pain development and its management. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on the role of nutrition and nutraceuticals, microbiome, obesity, soy, omega-3 fatty acids, and curcumin supplementation as key elements in modulating the efficacy of analgesic treatments, including opioids. These main topics were addressed during the first edition of the Study In Multidisciplinary Pain Research workshop: "FYD (Feed Your Destiny): Fighting Pain", held on April 7, 2016, in Rome, Italy, which was sponsored by a grant from the Italian Ministry of Instruction on "Nutraceuticals and Innovative Pharmacology". The take-home message of this workshop was the recognition that patients with chronic pain should undergo nutritional assessment and counseling, which should be initiated at the onset of treatment. Some foods and supplements used in personalized treatment will likely improve clinical outcomes of analgesic therapy and result in considerable improvement of patient compliance and quality of life. From our current perspective, the potential benefit of including nutrition in personalizing pain medicine is formidable and highly promising.
<title>Strategies for tunable frequency-selective surfaces</title> (1991)

The mathematical rationale behind frequency selective surfaces is discussed. Two strategies - one based on exciting standing surface acoustic waves in a piezoelectric film, and the other on arrays of arrays of piezoelectric capacitors - are outlined to obtain tunable frequency selective surfaces.
Deep-learning based numerical BSDE method for barrier options (2019)

As is known, an option price is a solution to a certain partial differential equation (PDE) with terminal conditions (payoff functions). There is a close association between the solution of PDE and the solution of a backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE). We can either solve the PDE to obtain option prices or solve its associated BSDE. Recently a deep learning technique has been applied to solve option prices using the BSDE approach. In this approach, deep learning is used to learn some deterministic functions, which are used in solving the BSDE with terminal conditions. In this paper, we extend the deep-learning technique to solve a PDE with both terminal and boundary conditions. In particular, we will employ the technique to solve barrier options using Brownian motion bridges.
Role of Sodium Channel Deglycosylation in the Genesis of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Heart Failure (2001)

We investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying arrhythmias in heart failure. A genetically engineered mouse lacking the expression of the muscle LIM protein (MLP-/-) was used in this study as a model of heart failure. We used electrocardiography and patch clamp techniques to examine the electrophysiological properties of MLP-/- hearts. We found that MLP-/- myocytes had smaller Na+ currents with altered voltage dependencies of activation and inactivation and slower rates of inactivation than control myocytes. These changes in Na+ currents contributed to longer action potentials and to a higher probability of early afterdepolarizations in MLP-/- than in control myocytes. Western blot analysis suggested that the smaller Na+ current in MLP-/- myocytes resulted from a reduction in Na+ channel protein. Interestingly, the blots also revealed that the alpha-subunit of the Na+ channel from the MLP-/- heart had a lower average molecular weight than in the control heart. Treating control myocytes with the sialidase neuraminidase mimicked the changes in voltage dependence and rate of inactivation of Na+ currents observed in MLP-/- myocytes. Neuraminidase had no effect on MLP-/- cells thus suggesting that Na+ channels in these cells were sialic acid-deficient. We conclude that deficient glycosylation of Na+ channel contributes to Na+ current-dependent arrhythmogenesis in heart failure.
The origin of stress in sputter-deposited tungsten films for x-ray masks (1991)

The mechanism for the cause of stress in a sputter-deposited tungsten (W) film has been clarified. The tensile stress of the film was calculated using the interatomic forces acting on the grain boundary. The average distance of the grain boundary gaps was determined from the measured film density assuming the film had homogeneous size rectangular grains. The calculated and measured stress values were in good agreement in the high working gas pressure region. The difference between these values in the low working gas pressure region has been able to be explained by the compressive stress due to the peening effect of Ar. The low stress in the high pressure region was obtained by large opened grain boundaries which produced low film density. A low film density causes a low x-ray stopping power. The film deposited in the low pressure region is suitable as an x-ray absorber because of its high film density.
Characterization of the continuous cell line HepT1 derived from a human hepatoblastoma. (1996)

Hepatoblastoma is the most common malignant pediatric liver tumor. The molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of hepatoblastoma are unknown. Cell lines can be valuable tools in the study of tumor biology, but only few hepatoblastoma cell lines have been established. We explanted tumor tissue from human hepatoblastomas to generate cell lines. A continuous cell line (HepT1) was established from a human hepatoblastoma with predominant embryonal differentiation. The HepT1 cell line was characterized by immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, cytogenetics, and molecular genetic analysis. In addition, the cultured cells were xenografted into nude mice and the resulting tumors compared with the original tumor. The cells grew in epithelial clusters, and expressed cytokeratins and alpha-fetoprotein. Injection of HepT1 cells into nude mice gave rise to serially transplantable subcutaneous tumors. The cell line as well as the xenotransplants displayed the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the primary tumor. Ultrastructural analysis demonstrated desmosomal junctions and the formation of bile canaliculi. Cytogenetic analysis showed a near tetraploid karyotype with structural and numerical aberrations of chromosomes 1p, 6, 9, 11q, 13q, 15p, and 20 and both single and double minute chromosomes. In PCR-based microsatellite analysis of chromosome arm 11p, a loss of heterozygosity at all informative loci including the WT-1 and IGF2 genes was detected. Intratumoral erythropoiesis, a characteristic feature of hepatoblastomas, was present in the primary tumor as well as in HepT1 xenotransplants. We therefore studied the expression of erythropoietic cytokines in these cells and found both erythropoietin and stem cell factor. The HepT1 cell line displays characteristic cellular and molecular features of hepatoblastoma and we believe it will be a valuable tool for studies on the biology and pathogenesis of hepatoblastoma as well as on the differentiation of hepatocyte progenitor cells.
Gene targeting using randomly inserted group II introns (targetrons) recovered from an Escherichia coli gene disruption library (2005)

The Lactococcus lactis Ll.LtrB group II intron retrohomes by reverse-splicing into one strand of a double-stranded DNA target site, while the intron-encoded protein cleaves the opposite strand and uses it to prime reverse transcription of the inserted intron RNA. The protein and intron RNA function in a ribonucleoprotein particle, with much of the DNA target sequence recognized by base-pairing of the intron RNA. Consequently, group II introns can be reprogrammed to insert into specific or random DNA sites by substituting specific or random nucleotide residues in the intron RNA. Here, we show that an Escherichia coli gene disruption library obtained using such randomly inserting Ll.LtrB introns contains most viable E.coli gene disruptions. Further, each inserted intron is targeted to a specific site by its unique base-pairing regions, and in most cases, could be recovered by PCR and used unmodified to obtain the desired single disruptant. Additionally, we identified a subset of introns that insert at sites lacking T+5, a nucleotide residue critical for second-strand cleavage. All such introns tested individually gave the desired specific disruption, some by switching to an alternate retrohoming mechanism targeting single-stranded DNA and using a nascent lagging DNA strand to prime reverse transcription.
Templating Behavior of a Long-Chain Ionic Liquid in the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica (2006)

The long-chain ionic liquid (IL) 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C(16)mimCl) was used as a template to prepare porous silica with a two-dimensional hexagonal p6mm mesopore structure (MCM-41-type) as well as with a cubic Ia3d (gyroid, MCM-48-type structure) framework in basic synthesis medium via a hydrothermal synthesis procedure. A systematic study was carried out addressing the influence of the relative concentration of the IL and the pH on the mesostructure. As a main result, the IL template shows a broad range of conditions that allow the synthesis of the gyroid mesostructure with improved reproducibility. Unexpectedly, the formation of the hexagonal phase is less favorable, as the latter is quite sensitive to variations in parameters. This preference for the bicontinuous structure can be attributed to the special headgroup packing of ILs containing imidazolium groups.
Allethrin (1954)

Abstract Synthetic work leading to the commercial preparation of allethrin (the ester of (±)‐ cis‐trans ‐3‐ isobutenyl ‐2 : 2‐dimethyl cyclo propane‐1‐carboxylic acid [(±)‐ cis‐trans ‐chrys‐anthemic acid] with (±)‐2‐allyl‐3‐methyl cyclo pent‐2‐en‐4‐ol‐1‐one [(±)‐allethrolone]} is reviewed briefly. The relative insecticidal activity and abundance of the eight isomeric esters present in allethrin are deduced and the most effective is shown to be (+)‐allethronyl (+)‐ trans ‐chrysanthemate. The effect of various changes in the molecule of allethrin on insecticidal activity is described. The biological action of allethrin appears to be of a similar nature to that of the natural pyrethrins, and is associated with the particular stereochemical conformation in which the various parts of the molecule are held with respect to each other and with the chemical and physical properties of the groups so positioned. Although allethrin is inferior to the natural pyrethrins against most species of insects and by most methods of application, it is highly biologically active and, unlike many modern synthetic insecticides, has, so far, been found harmless to mammals.
Convective Immersion Cooling of Parallel Vertical Plates (1985)

Complete immersion of electronic assemblies, in fluids of appropriately high dielectric strength and low dielectric constant, offers a most promising alternative to conventional thermal control measures. The present study is aimed at providing an analytical basis for the design and optimization of convective immersion cooling systems by focusing on the analytical development and experimental verification of composite relations for the natural convection heat transfer coefficients prevailing along the Surfaces of immersed, uniformly heated plates in both symmetric and asymmetric configurations.