gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Fluid Distribution Determination in Matrix Treatments using DTS (2007)

Abstract In matrix treatments, placement of the injected fluids is essential for success. Over the years, several diversion and placement techniques have been applied to obtain a desired fluid distribution. Real-time evaluation of a treatment was limited to observing injection pressures or bottomhole pressures. These measured pressures provided some information on the diversion process. The application of distributed temperature sensing (DTS) during matrix treatments to monitor the temperature profiles along the wellbore in real time is a recent method to obtain a qualitative indication of the fluid distribution. In this paper, we will discuss whether DTS can also be used to quantify the fluid distribution during a matrix treatment. For the real-time quantification of the fluid distribution during a matrix treatment from temperature surveys, both real-time read outs of the temperature surveys and an accurate real-time model are needed. With DTS, the real-time read out is a feasible technique that has been developed to present and evaluate the temperature surveys in real time. Further, a coupled wellbore and near-wellbore thermal model is available that runs in real time. This paper will describe these techniques and models and validations using several case histories. In addition, an analysis of matrix treatments using DTS temperature surveys, where available, will be presented. The models will be used in the analysis to obtain calculated fluid flow distribution. We will discuss how this methodology can be applied in real time and what benefits quantification of fluid flow distribution offers. Further, we will describe what other benefits can be obtained from real-time temperature profiles during stimulation treatments.
Test methods for whole vehicle radiated susceptibility (1988)

The majority of manufacturers and research establishments are working on alternatives to whole vehicle tests, mostly based either on TEM cells or bulk current injection. When attempting to correlate the results from these component tests with those from a whole vehicle test, it is tempting to attribute any poor correlation to the inaccuracy of the component test method. However, having discussed the problems in accurately defining the results from a whole vehicle test, one can see that these must be considered very carefully before making comparisons. In many cases, the 'errors' may be due to the whole vehicle test, and not the component test.
Synthesis of copolymers of 1,3‐dioxan‐2‐one and oxepan‐2‐one using coordination catalysts (1994)

Abstract A new type of copolymer is synthesized in a bulk polymerization from 1,3‐dioxan‐2‐one and oxepan‐2‐one (ϵ‐caprolactone) using either Sn‐oct, ZnAc 2 , Bu 2 SnO, or Bu 3 SnCl as the catalyst. SEC analysis shows that it is possible to achieve high molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions. 13 C‐NMR analysis confirms the existence of copolymers. Conversion studies have been made and reactivity ratios, r 1 and r 2 , have been determined to distinguish between the reactivities of 1,3‐dioxan‐2‐one and oxepan‐2‐one. The Finemann‐Ross method and the Kelen‐Tüdös method were used to calculate the ratios and the agreement was good between the methods. The composition of the copolymer agrees with the feed composition at high conversions. Thermal analysis of copolymers by DSC shows crystalline melting resulting from a somewhat blocky copolymer. The glass transition temperatures of the copolymers are in agreement with the Fox equation. The corresponding blends of the two homopolymers show a constant melting point and glass transition temperature. A nonionic insertion mechanism and a Lewis acid alcoholysis mechanism are discussed. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sensitive isothermal detection of nucleic-acid sequence by primer generation–rolling circle amplification (2008)

A simple isothermal nucleic-acid amplification reaction, primer generation-rolling circle amplification (PG-RCA), was developed to detect specific nucleic-acid sequences of sample DNA. This amplification method is achievable at a constant temperature (e.g. 60 degrees C) simply by mixing circular single-stranded DNA probe, DNA polymerase and nicking enzyme. Unlike conventional nucleic-acid amplification reactions such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), this reaction does not require exogenous primers, which often cause primer dimerization or non-specific amplification. Instead, 'primers' are generated and accumulated during the reaction. The circular probe carries only two sequences: (i) a hybridization sequence to the sample DNA and (ii) a recognition sequence of the nicking enzyme. In PG-RCA, the circular probe first hybridizes with the sample DNA, and then a cascade reaction of linear rolling circle amplification and nicking reactions takes place. In contrast with conventional linear rolling circle amplification, the signal amplification is in an exponential mode since many copies of 'primers' are successively produced by multiple nicking reactions. Under the optimized condition, we obtained a remarkable sensitivity of 84.5 ymol (50.7 molecules) of synthetic sample DNA and 0.163 pg (approximately 60 molecules) of genomic DNA from Listeria monocytogenes, indicating strong applicability of PG-RCA to various molecular diagnostic assays.
도시 녹지 공간의 재해 위험도 평가 연구 (2015)

본 연구는 도시 내 녹지 공간을 대상으로 기후변화로 인한 재해 위험도를 평가하였다· 재해유형, 녹지공간 유형에 따른 평가를 실시하였으며, 수해와 풍해, 평지형 공원과 산지형 공원으로 유형화 시키고, 각 유형별 평가항목으로는 자연적 요소·인공적 요소·사회적 요소로 구분하여 평가 분석하였다· 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다· 수해로 인한 재해 위험도 표준화 점수는 평지형 공원의 경우, 아시아 공원이 55·800점으로 서울숲 51·775점보다 높았으며, 산지형 공원의 경우 도곡 공원 58·428점, 배봉산 공원 58·374점의 지수를 보이고 있었다· 풍해로 인한 재해 위험도 표준화 점수를 살펴보면 우선 평지형 공원의 경우, 아시아 공원이 64·763점으로 서울숲 61·054점보다 높았으며, 산지형 공원의 경우, 배봉산 공원이 58·533점으로 도곡 공원 55·459점보다 높은 지수를 나타냈다· 기후변화 재해로 인한 오픈스페이스 위험도 평가의 필요성과 가치를 제기하고, 오픈스페이스만의 재해 위험도 평가모형을 정립하여 위험도 평가를 시도하였으며, 도시 녹지공간의 재해 위험도를 제고하였다·
Turning the Web Into a Computer (1996)

The explosive growth of the World Wide Web, along with the evolution of the HTTP, HTML, and CGI standards, has enabled many applications which would not have been feasible just a few years ago. We believe that this evolution will eventually lead to support for general-purpose distributed computing over the Web. Such computation minimally requires transparent access to: i) local and remote files, ii) private and public data, and iii) local and remote computation. In this paper, we demonstrate that these requirements can be met by integrating simple protocols from existing distributed systems into the Web. In turn, we show that adding these capabilities can qualitatively improve the utility of the Web by enabling a whole new class of distributed applications. 1 Introduction Widespread adoption of the World Wide Web&apos;s standards has radically changed the use of the Internet, and this impact is increasing as the Web evolves. To date, Web access has undergone at least three stages of evolu...
Virtual Dressing Room Application (2019)

Trying clothes in clothing stores is usually a time-consuming activity. Besides, it might not even be possible to try-on clothes in such cases as online shopping. Our motivation here is to increase the time efficiency and improve the accessibility of clothes try on by creating a virtual dressing room environment. In this work, we introduce a virtual dressing room application using Microsoft Kinect sensor. Our proposed approach is mainly based on extraction of the user from the video stream, alignment of models and skin color detection. We use the modules for locations of the joints for positioning, scaling and rotation in order to align the 2D cloth models with the user. Then, we apply skin color detection on video to handle the unwanted occlusions of the user and the model. Finally, the model is superimposed on the user in real time. The problem is simply the alignment of the user and the cloth models with accurate position, scale, rotation and ordering. First, detection of the user and the body parts is one of the main steps of the problem. In literature, several approaches are proposed for body part detection, skeletal tracking and posture estimation, and superimposing it onto a virtual environment in the user interface. The project is implemented in C# programming environment for real time, Kinect hacking application. Kinect driver's middleware are used for various fundamental functions and for the tracking process in combination with Microsoft Kinect.
Antimicrobial activity of sodium citrate against Streptococcus pneumoniae and several oral bacteria (2010)

The results presented in this study would be available for understanding the antimicrobial property of sodium citrate.
SHADE‐INDUCED DAMPING‐OFF IN CONIFER SEEDLINGS (1975)

SUMMARY The mortality of seedlings of Pinus sylvestris, P. contorta, Picea sitchensis and P. exceha grown in natural soil under a range of light intensities was recorded over a 90‐day period. Low light intensities favoured damping‐off by soil‐borne necrotrophic fungi, principally species of Fusarium and Pythium , but aseptically‐grown seedlings survived a similar 90‐day period at these low intensities. The two Pinus species were more susceptible to damping‐off than the Picea species under all light treatments used but this difference was most marked at low light intensities. The influence of low‐light regimes on host‐necrotroph interactions is discussed.
AMON: a wearable medical computer for high risk patients (2003)

We present a wrist worn medical monitoring computer designed to free high risk patient from the constraints of stationary monitoring equipment. The system combines complex medical monitoring, data analysis and communication capabilities in a truly wearable watch-like form. The paper summarizes the functionality, architecture and implementation of the system.
JPL Trapped Ion Frequency Standard Development (1987)

Abstract : Mercury 199 Ions are confined in an RF trap and state-selected by use of optical pumping with 194 nm UV light from a (202)Hg discharge lamp. Absorption of microwave radiation at the hyperfine frequency (40.5 GHz) is signaled by atomic fluorescence of the UV light. The frequency of a 40.5 GHz oxcillator is locked to a 1.6 Hz wide atomic absorption line of the trapped ions. The measured Allan variance of this locked oscillator is currently sigma(y) (tau) = 4.4 x 10(-12) / square root of tau for 20 tau 320 seconds, indicating better short term stability than the best commercial cesium standards by almost a factor of two. This first result was achieved without magnetic shielding and without regulation of ion number.
High efficiency blazed gratings in resonance domain (2015)

This thesis was focused on the design and fabrication of high efficiency blazed gratings in resonance domain. To achieve high efficiency gratings working at normal incidence and for visible wavelength, a close feedback between design and technology is required. Within this work, two different gratings, a three-level and a new kind of composed multilevel structure, have been optimized taking into account fabrication constraints. The two blazed gratings achieve high efficiency (>90%) for the two different directions of the incident light, through the grating substrate or from air, respectively. A physical interpretation of the high efficiencies has been provided. It is based on a three-wave interference mechanism for the three-level grating, and on a modal analysis for the composed multilevel structure. Due to the demanding profile of the gratings (critical dimension CD ≈100nm and aspect ratio AR>10), three new technologies have been proposed for a successfully fabrication. The new approaches introduce additional fabrication steps to the standard multistep binary optics technology in order to overcome its limitations. In particular, the Three-Resist-Layer Technology- based on the introduction of a planarization layer- is devoted to avoid the typical sizing error occurring within the second lithographic step. The Relaxed-Alignment Technology- based on the use of a unique coded chromium mask for the whole fabrication process- has been developed to avoid misalignment errors between two consecutive lithographic steps. The third technology, i.e. ALD- enhanced technology- introduces the Atomic Layer Deposition technique within the grating fabrication in order to improve the sidewall profile for high AR structures. The two different blazed gratings have been fabricated by means of the standard and new technologies. Thanks to the new approaches, both gratings achieve high blazed efficiency (>90%) and the experimental results are in a good agreement with the simulations.
Ecological interface design: theoretical foundations (1992)

A theoretical framework for designing interfaces for complex human-machine systems is proposed. The framework, called ecological interface design (EID), is based on the skills, rules, and knowledge taxonomy of cognitive control. The basic goals of EID are not to force processing to a higher level than the demands of the task require, and to support each of the three levels of cognitive control. Thus, an EID interface should not contribute to the difficulty of the task, and at the same time, it should support the entire range of activities that operators will be faced with. Three prescriptive design principles are suggested to achieve this objective, each directed at supporting a particular level of cognitive control. Particular attention is paid to presenting a coherent deductive argument justifying the principles of EID. Support for the EID framework is discussed. Some issues for future research are outlined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Paving: A new approach to automated quadrilateral mesh generation (1990)

This paper presents a new mesh generation technique, paving, which meshes arbitrary 2-D geometries with an all-quadrilateral mesh. Paving allows varying element size distributions on the boundary as well as the interior of a region. The generated mesh is well formed (i.e., nearly square elements, elements perpendicular to boundaries, etc.) and geometrically pleasing (i.e., mesh contours tend to follow geometric contours of the boundary). In this paper we describe the theory behind this algorithmic/heuristic technique, evaluate the performance of the approach, and present examples of automatically generated meshes. 17 refs., 42 figs.
Bone marrow transplantation in Fanconi anemia using matched sibling donors (1994)

Eighteen patients with Fanconi anemia (FA) with evidence of bone marrow (BM) aplasia underwent allogenic BM transplants (BMT) from matched sibling donors (MSD). Median age at BMT was 7.6 years. Conditioning consisted of low-dose cyclophosphamide (CY; 5 mg/kg x 4 days) and thoracoabdominal irradiation (TAI; 400 cGy). Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis included cyclosporin A and prednisone. In addition antithymocyte globulin (ATG) was administered in the pretransplant period to promote engraftment and in the posttransplant period for additional GVHD prophylaxis. Engraftment occurred rapidly (median, 12 days for an absolute neutrophil count > or = 0.5 x 10(9)/L; median, 22 days for platelet count > or = 50 x 10(9)/L). Seventeen patients have sustained engraftment and are transfusion-independent, with Lansky scores of 100% at median follow-up of 27 months. One patient developed graft failure 4 months after initial engraftment and required a second BM infusion. None of the patients developed acute GVHD; 3 patients (16%) developed chronic GVHD. BMT is a feasible option for FA patients having an MSD and should be performed at a young age and early in the course of the disease, before the development of complications. We believe the addition of ATG to the transplant regimen of low-dose CY, TAI, and cyclosporin was responsible for improvement in the survival of FA patients undergoing BMT. The regimen was well tolerated and was associated with a low incidence of complications including GVHD.
<i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i>Vip3 mutant proteins: Insecticidal activity and trypsin sensitivity (2007)

Abstract Vip3 is a novel insect toxin isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), and could be used as an alternative toxin for Bt δ-endotoxins for transgenic insect control. Vip3 mutants with deletion, addition or mutations at the very end of the C-terminus were generated. The deletion and addition of a few amino acid residues at the C-terminus totally abolished the insecticidal activity. The mutation of the last two residues from IK to LG also resulted in the total loss of its insecticidal activity; however, the mutation from IK to LR increased its activity substantially against beet armyworm. Interestingly, all the inactive mutants were found to be highly sensitive to trypsin digestion, while the active mutant generated a trypsin-resistant polypeptide of 62-kDa upon trypsin digestion. However, this 62-kDa polypeptide expressed in E. coli from the 5' end truncated vip3 gene was biologically inactive and sensitive to trypsin digestion. Thus, the N-terminal part of the protein is required to form the 62-kDa trypsin resistant core. This study suggested that the 62-kDa peptide core could be a hallmark of active insecticidal Vip3 proteins.
Enhancement of Virus-induced Gene Silencing in Tomato by Low Temperature and Low Humidity (2006)

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an attractive reverse-genetics tool for studying gene function in plants. We showed that silencing of a phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene is maintained throughout TRV-PDS-inoculated tomato plants as well as in their flowers and fruit and is enhanced by low temperature (15 degrees C) and low humidity (30%). RT-PCR analysis of the PDS gene revealed a dramatic reduction in the level of PDS mRNA in leaves, flowers and fruits. Silencing of PDS results in the accumulation of phytoene, the desaturase substrate. In addition, the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in the leaves of PDS-silenced plants was reduced by more than 90%. We also silenced the LeEIN2 gene by infecting seedlings, and this suppressed fruit ripenning. We conclude that this VIGS approach should facilitate large-scale functional analysis of genes involved in the development and ripening of tomato.
Triethylenediamine. Physical, Chemical, and Catalytic Properties. (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTriethylenediamine. Physical, Chemical, and Catalytic Properties.Adalbert Farkas, G. A. Mills, W. E. Erner, and J. B. MaerkerCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1959, 4, 4, 334–335Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60004a014https://doi.org/10.1021/je60004a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views421Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Activity evaluation of epidermal growth factor receptor by MDA--MB--231 plasma membrane (2004)

Objective To evaluate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activity using plasma membrane of tumor cells. Methods The tumor cell strain MDA-MB-231 that has high EGFR gene expression level was selected, then MDA-MB-231 plasma membrane was obtained by differential centrifugation. EGFR catalytic activity was assayed by Western blotting. Results The substrate was phosphorylated and the phosphorylation was blocked after addition of the special inhibitor-AG1478. Conclusion EGFR activity in MDA-MB-231 plasma membrane could be determined by the method described above
Impact of Oscillatory Failure Cases in Electro-Hydraulic Actuation Systems on an Aeroelastic Aircraft (2007)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Malfunctioning of primary flight control (PFC) systems, as classified in JAR/FAR 25.671c [<span class="xref">8</span>, <span class="xref">3</span>], represents critical design cases in the development of fault tolerant actuation systems. Besides a potential loss of control, oscillations of the control surfaces due to <i>Oscillatory Failure Cases</i> (OFC) may induce massive structural loads - the <i>failure case loads</i> - in the flexible structures of an aeroelastic aircraft (AC), thus deteriorating the fatigue life of e.g. wing, fuselage, and empennage. The approach to this problem, as outlined in [<span class="xref">14</span>], comprises both an analysis of the causes that may trigger such oscillations and suitable means for their reliable and fast detection. The results presented hereafter illustrate the impact of OFC on a flexible AC and to what extent the availability of an OFC sensitive monitoring system (MS) allows to alleviate these adverse effects by reducing the failure case loads level. Experimental verification is accomplished by means of a test rig representing a real PFC system.</div>
On the Maximum Rate of Fluctuation in Mode-Stirred Reverberation (2005)

Theoretical limits are derived for the maximum permissible rate of mechanical/electronic stirring or spatial/spectral scanning inside a reverberant cavity. These limits are based on upper bounds for the maximum rate of field fluctuations and are obtained by imposing the requirement of quasi-stationarity on the interior cavity field. For a sinusoidal excitation field, the interior field is represented as a narrowband random hybrid amplitude-plus-frequency modulation, as induced by the stirring or scanning process, and is based on an analytic field formulation. Distortion (nonlinearity) of the modal and effective field is quantified for first-order variations of amplitude and frequency. Its dependence on the random amplitude modulation index is demonstrated. The latter is estimated from macroscopic system parameters. The effect of compensation of net input power on the distortion and maximum stirring rate is analyzed. The maximum stirring rate exhibits an inverse power law dependence on the operating frequency. For a specified level of maximum distortion, maximum rates of electronic, mechanical, or electromechanical mode stirring are derived. The effect of the order of the EUT transfer function on the distortion, as well as the detuning, bandwidth, and amplitude distortion of the perceived test field caused by stirring or scanning are quantified and analyzed.
Midinfrared photoresponse of Ge quantum dots on a strained Si<sub>0.65</sub>Ge<sub>0.35</sub>layer (2011)

We report on intraband photocurrent spectroscopy of Ge self-assembled quantum dots placed on a strained Si0.65Ge0.35 quantum well, which, in turn, is incorporated in a Si matrix. The p-type devices show broad spectral response ranging from 2 to 12 µm. By a comparison between photocurrent measurements and the hole energy level scheme, as deduced from six-band k ⋅ p calculations, the two main contributions to the photoresponse are identified. The absorption band between 2 and 4 µm is attributed to the bound-to-continuum transitions between the bound states of the quantum dots and the continuum states in the Si barrier. The photoresponse at longer wavelength (4–12 µm) is associated with hole transitions from the dots to the nearby Si0.65Ge0.35 layer.