gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Randomized Trial Comparing Povidone-Iodine to a Chlorhexidine Gluconate-Impregnated Dressing for Prevention of Central Venous Catheter Infections in Neonates (2001)

The novel chlorhexidine-impregnated dressing, replaced weekly, was as effective as cutaneous disinfection with 10% PI and redressing the site every 3 to 7 days for preventing CRBSI and BSI without a source in critically ill neonates requiring prolonged central venous access. The risk of local contact dermatitis under the chlorhexidine dressing limits its use in low birth weight infants who require prolonged central access during the first 2 weeks of life.
ATM&A Key Determinant of Multiple Cellular Responses to Irradiation (2001)

Ataxia-telangiectasia is a rare clinical disorder manifesting a variety of different abnormalities, including progressive neurodegeneration, increased cancer incidence, immune deficiency, sterility, and extreme radiosensitivity. Recent studies have demonstrated that the defective gene product in this disease, ATM, is a protein kinase. The identification of several different substrates for this kinase is beginning to explain the wide array of different physiologic abnormalities that occur when this gene product is dysfunctional. Since the ATM protein is a critical signaling molecule in the cellular response to ionizing irradiation, the identification of these substrates also results in elucidation of the steps involved in a number of different cellular signaling pathways initiated by irradiation. Such insights also result in the identification of potential new targets for enhancing the efficacy of radiation therapy.
Lightweight, light-trapped, thin GaAs solar cell for spacecraft applications: progress and results update (1996)

Progress is reported on the development of ultra-lightweight, high performance, thin, light trapped GaAs solar cells for advanced space power systems. Conversion efficiencies of 19.2% (AM0, 1X) have been demonstrated for an adhesive bonded, 3 /spl mu/m thick, 1 cm/sup 2/ area solar cell. This results in a specific power of over 1125 W/kg (with a 3-mil cover glass) and a power density of 260 W/m/sup 2/. All back contact, ultra-thin, electrostatically bonded GaAs solar cell prototypes have also been fabricated demonstrating an open circuit voltage of 1 volt for a cell base thickness of 1 /spl mu/m with a 0.5 /spl mu/m emitter. This technology will result in an improvement in survivability, performance, and manufacturability of lightweight GaAs solar cell products for future Earth-orbiting science and space exploration missions.
Influence of Role Models and Hospital Design on the Hand Hygiene of Health-Care Workers (2003)

We assessed the effect of medical staff role models and the number of health-care worker sinks on hand-hygiene compliance before and after construction of a new hospital designed for increased access to handwashing sinks. We observed health-care worker hand hygiene in four nursing units that provided similar patient care in both the old and new hospitals: medical and surgical intensive care, hematology/oncology, and solid organ transplant units. Of 721 hand-hygiene opportunities, 304 (42%) were observed in the old hospital and 417 (58%) in the new hospital. Hand-hygiene compliance was significantly better in the old hospital (161/304; 53%) compared to the new hospital (97/417; 23.3%) (p<0.001). Health-care workers in a room with a senior (e.g., higher ranking) medical staff person or peer who did not wash hands were significantly less likely to wash their own hands (odds ratio 0.2; confidence interval 0.1 to 0.5); p<0.001). Our results suggest that health-care worker hand-hygiene compliance is influenced significantly by the behavior of other health-care workers. An increased number of hand-washing sinks, as a sole measure, did not increase hand-hygiene compliance.
PGS: Parking Guidance System based on wireless sensor network (2008)

In this paper, we present PGS, a Parking Guidance System based on wireless sensor network(WSN) which guides a driver to an available parking lot. The system consists of a WSN-based VDS(vehicle detection sub-system) and a management sub-system. The WSN based VDS gathers information on the availability of each parking lot and the management sub-system processes the information and refines them and guides the driver to the available parking lot by controlling a VMS(Variable Messaging System). The paper describes the overall system architecture of PGS from the hardware platform to the application software in the view point of a WSN. We implemented the WSN based VDS of PGS and experimented on the system with several kinds of cars. The experimental results show that PGS succeeds in detecting various kinds of cars and the predicted battery life-time using measured current profiles is over 5 years.
Effect of live and inactivated Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on experimentally induced rhinovirus colds: randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial (2015)

The aim of this work was to investigate the usability of an experimental rhinovirus model in probiotic trials aiming to assess effectiveness in viral infections, and to provide preliminary data of live and inactivated probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG for larger-scale trials utilising the model. 59 subjects were randomised to receive 100 ml of fruit juice supplemented with 10(9) cfu of live or heat-inactivated (by spray-drying) L. rhamnosus GG or control juice daily for six weeks. After three weeks subjects were intranasally inoculated with experimental rhinovirus. Infection rate (at least one positive culture for challenge virus on five days following inoculation or at least four-fold rise in antibody response to challenge virus) was 14/19 in the group receiving live probiotic strain and 18/20 both in the group receiving heat-inactivated probiotic strain and in the control group (P=0.36). The occurrence and severity of cold symptoms on the five days following the inoculation was lowest in the group receiving live probiotic strain (P=0.45). This trial was the first one dedicated to the investigation of the effect of probiotics using the experimental rhinovirus model. The model showed potential for demonstration of efficacy of probiotics in controlled respiratory viral infections. Occurrence and severity of cold symptoms and number of subjects with rhinovirus infection was lowest in the group receiving live L. rhamnosus GG, but differences were not statistically significant. Further large-scale studies are needed to demonstrate the efficacy of L. rhamnosus GG in respiratory infections.
Effect of Sintering Atmosphere on Densification of MgO‐Doped Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> (1988)

The densification behavior of Al 2 O 3 ‐MgO (0.1 wt%) has been studied in O 2 and N 2 atmospheres. Powder compacts have been sintered at 1600°C for 0.5 to 8 h. For some specimens the sintering atmosphere has been changed after 30 min of sintering. Irrespective of sintering atmosphere, sintered densities are approximately the same up to 99% relative density, implying that the capillary pressure effect dominates the atmosphere effect for most of the densification stage. During extended sintering treatment the density of specimens sintered in O 2 becomes higher than that in N 2 . When the sintering atmosphere is changed from O 2 to N 2 , enhanced densification results, and vice versa. Such an effect of sintering atmosphere is explained by the diffusiveness of gases entrapped in pores, as well as by oxygen potential differences inside and outside of the specimen. Differences in grain growth rate in various atmospheres are discussed on the basis of different densification rates.
Quantitative Description of Mixing with Light Ions (1989)

Mixing rates measured in metallic multilayers (Ni/Ag, Ni/Pd, Ni/Au and Ni/Pt) submitted to He irradiation, are quantitatively analysed in terms of a linear superposition of ballistic and irradiation-enhanced chemical interdiffusion effects. The latter are sensitive to the heat of mixing of the compound. The quantitative agreement is fair in view of the uncertainty of literature data for the parameters entering the model.
Emerging Adenoviral Vectors for Stable Correction of Genetic Disorders (2007)

Recent drawbacks in treating patients with severe combined immunodeficiency disorders with retroviral vectors underline the importance of generating novel tools for stable transduction of mammalian cells. Substantial progress has been made over the recent years which may offer important steps towards stable and more importantly safer correction of genetic diseases. This article discusses recent advances for stable transduction of target cells based on adenoviral gene transfer. There is accumulating evidence that recombinant adenoviral vectors (AdVs) based on various human serotypes with a broad cellular tropism and adenoviruses (Ads) from different species will play an important role in future gene therapy applications. In combination with recombinant AdVs for somatic integration these gene transfer vectors offer high transduction efficiencies with potentially safer integration patterns. Other approaches for persistent transgene expression include excision of stable episomes from the adenoviral vector genome, but also long-term persistence of the complete adenoviral vector genome as an episomal DNA molecule was demonstrated and exemplified by the treatment of various genetic diseases in small and large animal models. This review displays advantages but also limitations of these Ad based vector systems. This is the perfect time to pursue such approaches because alternative strategies for stable transduction of mammalian cells undergoing many cell divisions are urgently needed. Looking into the future, we believe that a combination of different components from different viral vectors in concert with non-viral vector systems will be successful in designing significantly optimized transfer vehicles for a broad range of different genetic diseases.
Characterization of receptors with a new negative image: Use in molecular docking and lead optimization (1998)

The characterization of receptor binding sites is an important aspect of molecular docking, molecular recognition, and the structure-based design process. This characterization can take several forms: the receptor surface itself can be delineated or described, the space adjacent to the surface can be chemically mapped, or a negative image of the protein binding region can be generated. In this report, we describe a new method of constructing a negative image through generation of a set of spheres. These spheres lie along the receptor surface, and their centers represent possible ligand atom positions. By the method in which they are constructed, these spheres carry a limited amount of energetic and chemical information in addition to their primary geometric information. We test the accuracy of the image by comparing sphere positions to the positions of bound ligand atoms and propose a figure of merit for such tests. Then, we use the spheres to orient ligands in enzyme active sites and show how they can be used to generate low scoring configurations more efficiently than other approaches that search orientation space. In addition, two novel applications of these spheres are described: they are used to help identify structural differences among families of enzymes and to suggest points for ligand modification in analog design. Proteins 30:321–336, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
268 Administration of a <i>Bacillus</i> probiotic to sows improves growth response and health of their progeny after weaning (2020)

Abstract A Bacillus probiotic administered to sows was evaluated to determine the effect on their litters and subsequent pig growth response during the nursery phase. The study included 500 sows (250 sows/trt) fed a control or treatment diet with two Bacillus subtilis strains administered at 3.7x105 CFU/g of feed beginning three days after mating. Pigs (n=1,100) weaned from the sow phase were divided into 44 pens (22 pens/trt) and fed a common diet to determine the effect of sow treatment on post-weaning growth performance. Fecal samples were collected from a subset of sows (25/trt) at d112 of gestation and d19 of lactation, and from two pigs/pen in the nursery on d3 post-weaning for microbial enumeration. A blood sample was obtained from two pigs/pen on d3 and serum cytokines and the acute phase protein, α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) were quantified. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS; sow/litter and pen served as the experimental unit. Litter weaning weights did not differ, but Escherichia coli counts were lower (P≤0.05) on d112 in fecal samples from sows fed Bacillus compared to control sows. Lactic acid bacteria counts were greater (P≤0.01) on d3 post-weaning in pigs weaned from sows fed Bacillus compared to control pigs. Nursery pigs weaned from sows fed the Bacillus probiotic had greater (P≤0.01) ADG and G/F during Phase1 (d 0-11), greater (P≤0.01) ADG and ADFI during Phase3 (d 23-37) and were 0.91 kg heavier (P≤0.01) at the end of the nursery phase (d 51) compared to pigs from control sows. The administration of Bacillus to sows resulted in lower AGP (P≤0.05) and greater tumor necrosis factor-α (P=0.08) serum concentrations on d3 post-weaning and reduced (P≤0.05) the percentage of nursery pigs removed from the trial and placed in invalid pens compared to pigs from control sows. These data indicate that a Bacillus probiotic improves sow health and the lactation environment and has a substantial impact on the subsequent productivity of their progeny.
Engineering of Aspergillus niger for the production of secondary metabolites (2014)

This is the first report demonstrating that <i>A. niger</i> is a potent and promising expression host for nonribosomal peptides with titers high enough to become industrially attractive. Application of the Tet-on system in <i>A. niger</i> allows precise control on the timing of product formation, thereby ensuring high yields and purity of the peptides produced.
Notice of Retraction A concept simplification algorithm in Insurance database design (2010)

In insurance industry, frequent business variation brings new problems to Insurance database design: serious complexity, difficulties in database maintenance and updating, low efficiency in the inquiry and reconstruction of components. Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is a technique that bases on the order theory, which can show concepts and their hierarchical structure and well solve problems faced in insurance database design. But the inaccuracy of data and tiny difference between concepts will lead to a too complex Hasse diagram that cannot be used in database design. So we develop an algorithm that simplifies concepts. It uses redundancy as a change for abstraction, which makes FCA adaptive for insurance database design and hierarchical structure more clear. We select six representative kinds of insurance policies and create concepts using FCA. Then simplify the concepts using the algorithm that this paper develops. Similar concepts were combined and the number of concepts is decreased to eleven. Each concept can be easily turned into entity set in database.
Trade-off between phase-noise and signal quadrature in unilaterally coupled oscillators (2005)

We present a comprehensive nonlinear analysis of coupled oscillators and examine the trade-off between phase-noise of the oscillator and the quadrature precision. We show that asymmetry gives rise to amplitude and phase imbalance which are proportional to the inverse and inverse square, respectively, of the relative coupling strength. It is shown that the level of AM-PM is determined by the nonlinearity of the coupling transconductance. The 3dB noise reduction in close-to-carrier phase-noise in quadrature oscillators due to mutual coupling is lost to the extra AM-PM noise for large coupling strengths. The additional contribution of the internal noise sources in the coupling circuit together with the AM-PM noise contribution explains why the 3dB noise reduction is rarely seen in measurements of this particular circuit.
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase of guinea pig peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Activation by adenosine 5'-triphosphate. (1983)

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase was isolated from guinea pig peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and partially purified from a high speed supernatant of a homogenate. 5-Hydroperoxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid was a predominant reaction product. The enzyme reaction required specifically calcium ion (20 microM for half-maximal activity), and other divalent cations such as magnesium and cobalt were ineffective. The calcium-dependent 5-lipoxygenase reaction was stimulated by several nucleotides, most prominently by ATP in the order of 1 mM. 5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid as substrate was as active as arachidonic acid, and was oxygenated at the C-5 position.
Streptococcal Pharyngitis in Schoolchildren in Bamako, Mali (2014)

Two promising strategies could reduce rheumatic heart disease in low-resource settings. Administering antibiotics to children with sore throat and tender cervical adenopathy could treat most GAS-positive children while reducing use of unnecessary antibiotics for uninfected children. Broad coverage against M types associated with pharyngitis in Bamako schoolchildren might be achieved with the 30-valent GAS vaccine under development.
Absorption-coefficient-determination method for particulate materials (1994)

A method is presented for determining the optical absorption coefficient, or the imaginary refractive index, of particulate material that has been collected from aerosols or hydrosols by means of filtration. The method, based on the Kubelka-Munk theory of diffuse reflectance, is nondestructive and requires no other knowledge of the sample than the amount present, the specific gravity, and an estimate of the real index of refraction. The theoretical development of the method is discussed along with an analysis of photometric and gravimetric errors. We test the method by comparing results obtained for powdered didymium glass with measurements made before the glass was crushed. An example of the method's application to the determination of the absorption coefficient of atmospheric dust at UV, visible, and near-IR wavelengths is also presented.
Expression of Somatotropin Receptor Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in Bovine Tissues (1998)

The somatotropin receptor mRNA is controlled by at least two different gene promoters that generate two variants with different exon 1 sequences (1A and 1B). The location of 1A and 1B somatotropin receptor mRNA within cattle tissues and, hence, the tissue specificity of the 1A and 1B promoters are unknown. In addition, the cDNA sequence of the 1B somatotropin receptor has not been determined. Our objective, therefore, was to sequence a cDNA for the 1B somatotropin receptor and to analyze bovine tissues for expression of 1A and 1B somatotropin receptor mRNA. Twenty adult tissues and six fetal tissues were collected at slaughter from each of four cows and two fetuses. Messenger RNA was analyzed using ribonuclease protection assays. The adult liver expressed both 1A and 1B mRNA. All other adult tissues expressed 1B mRNA but not 1A mRNA. The greatest amount of 1B mRNA was detected in liver and adipose (abdominal and subcutaneous) tissues. Other tissues had approximately one-half to one-tenth of the amount of 1B mRNA in the liver or adipose tissue. Fetal tissues (including fetal liver) expressed 1B mRNA and not 1A mRNA. Based on cDNA sequencing, the protein encoded by the 1A and 1B mRNA was nearly identical. We concluded that 1A somatotropin receptor mRNA is specific to adult bovine liver. Other adult and fetal bovine tissues expressed 1B somatotropin receptor mRNA with a predicted protein sequence that was similar to the 1A somatotropin receptor.
Adipocyte and lipid metabolism in cancer drug resistance (2019)

Development of novel and effective therapeutics for treating various cancers is probably the most congested and challenging enterprise of pharmaceutical companies. Diverse drugs targeting malignant and nonmalignant cells receive clinical approval each year from the FDA. Targeting cancer cells and nonmalignant cells unavoidably changes the tumor microenvironment, and cellular and molecular components relentlessly alter in response to drugs. Cancer cells often reprogram their metabolic pathways to adapt to environmental challenges and facilitate survival, proliferation, and metastasis. While cancer cells' dependence on glycolysis for energy production is well studied, the roles of adipocytes and lipid metabolic reprogramming in supporting cancer growth, metastasis, and drug responses are less understood. This Review focuses on emerging mechanisms involving adipocytes and lipid metabolism in altering the response to cancer treatment. In particular, we discuss mechanisms underlying cancer-associated adipocytes and lipid metabolic reprogramming in cancer drug resistance.
Adaptive relay setting for stand-alone digital distance protection (1994)

Reach accuracy of a distance relay on transmission lines is adversely affected by fault resistance combined with remote-end infeed which is not measurable at the relaying point. Different network conditions correspond to different remote-end infeed behaviour and in conventional setting a safety margin is necessary so as to avoid maloperation. In this paper an adaptive setting concept which can overcome this disadvantage is proposed. A microprocessor based distance relay with this new technique can respond to network conditions that change from time to time and computer simulation has confirmed the validity of this new concept.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Relationship between molecular characteristics and physical properties of linear low density polyethylenes (1985)

Abstract
Antimyosin Monoclonal Antibodies for in vitro and in vivo Assessments of Myocardial Infarction (1992)

To characterize in vitro and in vivo techniques using antimyosin monoclonal antibodies, indium-111-monoclonal antimyosin scan and the measurement of serum myosin light chain (MLC) 1 level by an immunoradiometric assay were simultaneously performed in 19 patients with variously staged (1-day-old to 6-month-old) myocardial infarction. All antimyosin scans showed positive uptakes in the regions corresponding to infarct sites regardless of the age of infarction, while 5 (26%) of the 19 patients had high MLC 1 levels (18.9 ± 4.2 ng/ml). Serial MLC 1 estimations performed in other 34 patients with acute myocardial infarction showed 100% of sensitivity in detecting acute myocardial necrosis on the 6th day after infarction, whereas no significant MLC 1 elevation was observed 2 weeks after the onset of infarction. A 2-year follow-up study after antimyosin scanning revealed 3 cardiac events (2 coronary revascularizations and 1 cardiac death due to re-infarction), while any other ischemic event was not observed in the remaining 15 patients. Thus, serum MLC 1 level is a sensitive indicator of acute myocardial necrosis during the first week after infarction, whereas antimyosin scanning can detect infarcted myocardium for at least 6 months after myocardial infarction. The difference in the time span for detecting myocardial damage between the 2 techniques might originate in the different kinetics of MLC and heavy chain molecules during a reparative process of myocardial infarction.