gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the High Frequency Dielectric Behavior of Castor Oil (1979)

The low frequency dielectric behavior of castor oil (a vegetable oil) has been analyzed quite exhaustively in the context of its application as impregnant in capacitors. For the sake of completeness and in order to understand the relaxation phenomena in this liquid dielectric, this high frequency dielectric study was undertaken. In order to compare its properties with a liquid dielectric used in similar application and whose high frequency behavior has been quite well analyzed, Arochlor 1476 was studied. It is observed that both liquids have distributed relaxation times. The distribution parameters together with the two distinct relaxation times have been calculated by measuring the average relaxation time. It has been found that the distinct relaxation times thus calculated represent the dielectric behavior quite satisfactorily. The average dipole moments, dipole radii and thermal activation energies for dipole relaxation have also been evaluated.
Performance evaluation of inter-cell interference coordination and cell range expansion in heterogeneous networks for LTE-Advanced downlink (2011)

In Long-Term Evolution (LTE)-Advanced, heterogeneous networks where femtocells and picocells are overlaid onto macrocells are extensively discussed in addition to traditional well-planned macrocell deployment to improve further the system throughput. In heterogeneous network deployment, combined usage of inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) and cell range expansion (CRE) is very effective in improving the system and cell-edge throughput. In this combined usage, the fraction of the sets of user equipment (UEs) connected to the picocells, which are controlled through CRE, and that connected to macrocells affect the gain from the ICIC. Therefore, this paper evaluates the performance of ICIC and CRE in picocell deployments in the LTE-Advanced downlink. Simulation results (4 picocells and 30 UEs are located within 1 macrocell) assuming a full buffer model show that when the CRE offset value is set between 8 to 20 dB, almost the same user throughput performance is obtained by allocating the appropriate resources to protect UEs that connect to the picocells.
Antepartum risk factors for newborn encephalopathy: the Western Australian case-control study (1998)

The causes of newborn encephalopathy are heterogeneous and many relate to the antepartum period. Elective caesarean section has an inverse association with newborn encephalopathy. Intrapartum hypoxia alone accounts for only a small proportion of newborn encephalopathy. These results question the view that most risk factors for newborn encephalopathy lie in the intrapartum period.
Evaluating the visualization of what a Deep Neural Network has learned (2015)

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have demonstrated impressive performance in complex machine learning tasks such as image classification or speech recognition. However, due to their multi-layer nonlinear structure, they are not transparent, i.e., it is hard to grasp what makes them arrive at a particular classification or recognition decision given a new unseen data sample. Recently, several approaches have been proposed enabling one to understand and interpret the reasoning embodied in a DNN for a single test image. These methods quantify the ''importance'' of individual pixels wrt the classification decision and allow a visualization in terms of a heatmap in pixel/input space. While the usefulness of heatmaps can be judged subjectively by a human, an objective quality measure is missing. In this paper we present a general methodology based on region perturbation for evaluating ordered collections of pixels such as heatmaps. We compare heatmaps computed by three different methods on the SUN397, ILSVRC2012 and MIT Places data sets. Our main result is that the recently proposed Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) algorithm qualitatively and quantitatively provides a better explanation of what made a DNN arrive at a particular classification decision than the sensitivity-based approach or the deconvolution method. We provide theoretical arguments to explain this result and discuss its practical implications. Finally, we investigate the use of heatmaps for unsupervised assessment of neural network performance.
A Mild and Simple Method for the Preparation of Isocyanates from Aliphatic Amines Using Trichloromethyl Chloroformate. Synthesis of an Isocyanate Containing an Activated Disulfide (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTA Mild and Simple Method for the Preparation of Isocyanates from Aliphatic Amines Using Trichloromethyl Chloroformate. Synthesis of an Isocyanate Containing an Activated DisulfideSnorri Th. Sigurdsson, Bodo Seeger, Ursula Kutzke, and Fritz EcksteinView Author Information Max-Planck-Institut für experimentelle Medizin, Hermann-Rein-Str. 3, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 11, 3883–3884Publication Date (Web):May 31, 1996Publication History Received11 December 1995Published online31 May 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9521920Copyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2879Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (60 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Amines,Disulfides,Nucleic acid structure,Purification,Pyridyl Get e-Alerts
Deadline-aware scheduling for Software Transactional Memory (2011)

Software Transactional Memory (STM) is an optimistic concurrency control mechanism that simplifies the development of parallel programs. Still, the interest of STM has not yet been demonstrated for reactive applications that require bounded response time for some of their operations. We propose to support such applications by allowing the developer to annotate some transaction blocks with deadlines. Based on previous execution statistics, we adjust the transaction execution strategy by decreasing the level of optimism as the deadlines near through two modes of conservative execution, without overly limiting the progress of concurrent transactions. Our implementation comprises a STM extension for gathering statistics and implementing the execution mode strategies. We have also extended the Linux scheduler to disable preemption or migration of threads that are executing transactions with deadlines. Our experimental evaluation shows that our approach significantly improves the chance of a transaction meeting its deadline when its progress is hampered by conflicts.
Optical receivers for smart pixel applications (2002)

One example of a two-beam receiver is the diode-clamped receiver, realized in FET-SEED technology. Since the receiver operates with two beams in a push-pull fashion, it can enjoy the advantages of high input impedance without the bandwidth penalty generally incurred with single beam high impedance receivers. It has been run with both differential and single-ended data, and consumes roughly 3-4 mW of power. The layout area consumed is roughly 65 x 50 /spl mu/m, and is dominated by the conservative metalization and contact rules of the FET-SEED technology.
News Briefs (2012)

Topics include a proposal to enable chip cores to communicate via packet switching, the decline of a high-profile plan for broadband mobile service, a new technology for recharging electronic devices wirelessly, smart-electric-meter hacking, potential problems that could occur when Microsoft's ends support for Windows XP, and a new "enemies" app for Facebook.
Identification of a mutation in type X collagen in a family with Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (1994)

Journal Article Identification of a mutation in type X collagen in a family with Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia Get access Rita M. Dharmavaram, Rita M. Dharmavaram Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Margaret A. Elberson, Margaret A. Elberson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Minzhong Peng, Minzhong Peng Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lisa A. Kirson, Lisa A. Kirson 1Division of Medical Genetics, University of Virginia Medical CenterChartottesville, VA 22908, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thaddeus E. Kelley, Thaddeus E. Kelley 1Division of Medical Genetics, University of Virginia Medical CenterChartottesville, VA 22908, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sergio A. Jimenez Sergio A. Jimenez * *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 3, Issue 3, March 1994, Pages 507–509, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/3.3.507 Published: 01 March 1994 Article history Received: 19 November 1993 Revision received: 16 January 1994 Accepted: 16 January 1994 Published: 01 March 1994
Circulant and Skewcirculant Matrices for Solving Toeplitz Matrix Problems (1992)

In recent papers, numerous authors studied the solutions of symmetric positive definite Toeplitz systems $Tx = b$ by the conjugate gradient method for different families of circulant preconditioners C. In this paper new circulant / skewcirculant approximations are introduced to T and their properties are studied. The main interest is directed to the skewcirculant case. Furthermore, algorithms for computing the eigenvalues of T are formulated, based on the Lanczos algorithm and Rayleigh quotient iteration. For some numerical examples the spectra of $C^{ - 1} T$ are compared and the behaviour of the introduced eigenvalue algorithms is displayed.
A Bayesian model for opening prediction in RTS games with application to StarCraft (2011)

This paper presents a Bayesian model to predict the opening (first strategy) of opponents in real-time strategy (RTS) games. Our model is general enough to be applied to any RTS game with the canonical gameplay of gathering resources to extend a technology tree and produce military units and we applied it to StarCraft <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> . This model can also predict the possible technology trees of the opponent, but we will focus on openings here. The parameters of this model are learned from replays (game logs), labeled with openings. We present a semi-supervised method of labeling replays with the expectation-maximization algorithm and key features, then we use these labels to learn our parameters and benchmark our method with cross-validation. Uses of such a model range from a commentary assistant (for competitive games) to a core component of a dynamic RTS bot/AI, as it will be part of our StarCraft AI competition entry bot.
788. Complex compounds of tertiary phosphines and a tertiary arsine with rhenium(V), rhenium(III), and rhenium(II) (1962)

J. Chatt and G. A. Rowe, J. Chem. Soc., 1962, 4019 DOI: 10.1039/JR9620004019
On the convolutive mixture source separation by the decorrelation approach (2002)

We consider the problem of blind separation of causal minimum phase convolutive mixtures of two sources. We study in detail the so-called decorrelation approach. It consists in finding a causal minimum phase filter which, driven by the observations, produces decorrelated outputs. It is well established that this approach allows one to separate the sources if the mixing filter is a non-static FIR filter. We show that this result is no longer true in the IIR case. We establish that there exists infinitely many causal minimum phase filters producing decorrelated outputs and provide a parameterisation of these filters. This clearly shows that the decorrelation approach is, in practice, non-robust. In order to overcome this drawback, we propose an alternative approach based on a linear prediction scheme, which, as the decorrelation approach, uses essentially the second order statistics of the observations.
<i>The</i>5ESS<i>Switching System</i>: Introduction (1985)

This special issue of the AT&T Technical Journal is devoted to the 5ESS™ switch. In this introductory paper the authors provide some historical background; outline the characteristics of this new, advanced system; and summarize its architecture, features, and status.
Adenoviral <i>RB2/p130</i> Gene Transfer Inhibits Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Prevents Restenosis After Angioplasty (1999)

Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation that results in neointima formation is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaques and accounts for the high rates of restenosis that occur after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, a widespread treatment for coronary artery disease. Endothelial lesions trigger intense proliferative signals to the SMCs of the subintima, stimulating their reentry into the cell cycle from a resting G(0) state, resulting in neointima formation and vascular occlusion. Cellular proliferation is negatively controlled by growth-regulatory or tumor-suppressor genes, or both, such as the retinoblastoma gene family members (RB/p105, p107, RB2/p130). In the present study, we show that RB2/p130 inhibited SMC proliferation in vitro and in vivo. We used the rat carotid artery model of restenosis to demonstrate that adenovirus-mediated localized arterial transduction of RB2/p130 at the time of angioplasty significantly reduced neointimal hyperplasia and prevented restenosis. Furthermore, the ability of pRb2/p130 to block proliferation correlated with its ability to bind and sequester the E2F family of transcription factors, which are important mediators of cell cycle progression. These results imply that RB2/p130 could be an important target for vascular gene therapy.
<i>In situ</i> ATR-IR spectroscopic and electron microscopic analyses of settlement secretions of <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> kelp spores (2010)

Knowledge about the settlement of marine organisms on substrates is important for the development of environmentally benign new methods for control of marine biofouling. The adhesion to substrates by spores of Undaria pinnatifida, a kelp species that is invasive to several countries, was studied by scanning electron and transmission electron microscopies (SEM/TEM) as well as by in situ attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy. The IR spectra showed that adhesive secretion began approximately 15 min after initial settlement and that the adhesive bulk material contained protein and anionic polysaccharides. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis of the adhesive identified sulphur and phosphorus as well as calcium and magnesium ions, which facilitate the gelation of the anionic polysaccharides in the sea water. The adhesive may be secreted from Golgi bodies in the spore, which were imaged by TEM of spore thin sections. Additionally, an in situ settlement study on TiO(2) particle film by ATR-IR spectroscopy revealed the presence of phosphorylated moieties directly binding the substrate. The presence of anionic groups dominating the adhesive suggests that inhibition of spore adhesion will be favoured by negatively charged surfaces.
Interaction between Ryanodine and Neomycin Binding Sites on Ca2+ Release Channel from Skeletal Muscle Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (1996)

Neomycin is a potent inhibitor of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium release. To elucidate the mechanism of inhibition, the effects of neomycin on the binding of [3H]ryanodine to the Ca2+ release channel and on its channel activity when reconstituted into planar lipid bilayer were examined. Equilibrium binding of [3H]ryanodine was partially inhibited by neomycin. Inhibition was incomplete at high neomycin concentrations, indicating noncompetitive inhibition rather than direct competitive inhibition. Neomycin and [3H]ryanodine can bind to the channel simultaneously and, if [3H]ryanodine is bound first, the addition of neomycin will slow the dissociation of [3H]ryanodine from the high affinity site. Neomycin also slows the association of [3H]ryanodine with the high affinity binding site. The neomycin binding site, therefore, appears to be distinct from the ryanodine binding site. Dissociation of [3H]ryanodine from trypsin-treated membranes or from a solubilized 14 S complex is also slowed by neomycin. This complex is composed of polypeptides derived from the carboxyl terminus of the Ca2+ release channel after Arg-4475 (Callaway, C., Seryshev, A., Wang, J. P., Slavik, K., Needleman, D. H., Cantu, C., Wu, Y., Jayaraman, T., Marks, A. R., and Hamilton, S. L. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 15876-15884). The proteolytic 14 S complex isolated with ryanodine bound produces a channel upon reconstitution into planar lipid bilayers, and its activity is inhibited by neomycin. Our data are consistent with a model in which the ryanodine binding sites, the neomycin binding sites, and the channel-forming portion of the Ca2+ release channel are located between Arg-4475 and the carboxyl terminus.
Association between K469E allele of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 gene and inflammatory bowel disease in a Japanese population (2002)

<b>Background and aims:</b> The genetic contribution to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is under investigation. Recent evidence indicates a significant linkage between a locus on chromosome 19p13 and IBD. We investigated the association between an intercellular adhesion molecule 1 gene (<i>ICAM-1</i>) polymorphism located on chromosome 19p13 and IBD in a Japanese population. <b>Methods:</b> We compared 207 Japanese patients who had IBD (79 with Crohn’s disease (CD); 128 with ulcerative colitis (UC)) with 103 unrelated Japanese controls. We determined R241G and K469E polymorphisms of the <i>ICAM-1</i> gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. <b>Results:</b> Both frequency and carriage rate of the K469 allele were significantly higher in IBD patients than in controls (allelic frequency, p<sub>c</sub>=0.0026; carriage rate, p<sub>c</sub>=0.0034; odds ratio 2.59; 95% confidence interval 1.42–4.68). Furthermore, the frequency of the K469 allele was significantly increased in both CD and UC. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that both K469 allelic frequency and K469 carriage rate were significantly higher in patients with the small bowel and colon type of CD and entire colitis compared with healthy controls. <b>Conclusions:</b> We identified an overall association between IBD and ICAM-1 K469 in a Japanese population. Further studies of this chromosome region are required to elucidate the gene responsible for IBD.
Song: En-er-gy (to the tune of “let it Be”) (2006)

(Instructor sings) When I was walking through the forest Grizzly bears came after me So I was badly needing En-er-gy My body dumped some epinephrine Out into the blood for me 'Cause I was badly needing En-er-gy (Everyone sings) En-er-gy / En-er-gy En-er-gy / En-er-gy I was badly needing En-er-gy (Instructor sings) The epinephrine gave a kick to Enzymes deep inside of me To make a bunch of cyclic AMP And when this hit my protein kinase Catalytic ecstasy The C subunits started Adding Ps (Everyone sings) Adding Ps, adding Ps Adding Ps, adding Ps Phosphorylation city Adding Ps (Instructor sings) The protein kinase put a phosphate Onto PBK for me Using energy from ATP And PBK in turn provided GPa from GPb So I released a ton of G1P (Everyone sings) G1P / energy G1P / energy California needs some G1P (Instructor sings) And when the chaos had subsided I consumed some Frito Lays Which soon began reversing These pathways The glucose halted epinephrine Insulin began the race to Turn on phosphoprotein Phosphatase (Everyone sings) Phosphatase – cleaves the Ps Phosphatase – cleaves the Ps The dephosphorylation Cleaves the Ps (Instructor sings) And so they were removed from action Cellular kinases Thanks to phosphoprotein Phosphatase I'll end my story here before I Get depressed from one last fact That dephosphorylation Favors fat (Everyone sings) Favors fat, favors fat Favors fat, favors fat Dephosphorylation Favors fat
Aggregating OPC UA Server for Flexible Manufacturing Systems (2015)

Flexible manufacturing systems are becoming increasingly sophisticated as their efficiency is increased with additional software features. More of the information generated by the flexible manufacturing system is being gathered and stored, and increasingly utilized by higher-level systems in new ways to increase cost-effectiveness. The efficient flow of information from a flexible manufacturing system to higher-level information systems has therefore gained importance. Additionally, integrating the devices in the flexible manufacturing system is challenging due to the many communication protocols in use. A communication protocol named OPC UA and an aggregating server architecture are a possible way to modernize flexible manufacturing systems and solve integration problems they face. The goal of this thesis was to clarify the requirements and design of an aggregating OPC UA server as part of a FMS.\n\nIn this work, the requirements definition, design, and implementation of an aggregating server for flexible manufacturing systems were created, and the functionality demonstrated. The requirements of an aggregating OPC UA server for FMS were formed based on previous work. A software design fulfilling the requirements was detailed. A prototype based on the design was implemented and experimented on by developing example applications using it, complying with selected use cases.\n\nExternal client access to devices, historization of data, alarms with user-defined alarm conditions, and mapping node values to custom functionality were identified as relevant requirements of an OPC UA aggregating server for FMS. The implementation of an aggregating server with these features using OPC UA was found to be practical. This thesis found no objections to the use of OPC UA in a FMS setting. The benefits of using OPC UA increase greatly when compatible equipment is available and does not need to be specifically integrated. However, the extent to which OPC UA is useful in communications between separate information systems is not yet known.