gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rheology of wormlike micellar fluids from Brownian and molecular dynamics simulations (2005)

There is a great need for understanding the link between the detailed chemistry of surfactants, forming wormlike micelles, and their macroscopic rheological properties. In this paper we show how this link may be explored through particle simulations. First we review an existing bead-spring model. We find that shear flow enhances the formation of rings at the expense of linear chains. The shear viscosity of this model is dominated by solvent contributions, however, and the link with the chemistry of the surfactants is missing. We introduce a more realistic Brownian dynamics model, the parameters of which are measured from atomistic molecular dynamics simulations.
Delayed Neutron Emission from a Plasma Focus with a Titanium Disc Affixed on its Central Electrode (1991)

A low energy (2 kJ) plasma focus has been operated with central electrode end covered with 500 µm thick disk of titanium. When this electrode was suitably conditioned and the device was operated at negative voltage, neutron emission from the plasma focus was observed even ten seconds after the focus formation.
Expression of CA-125 by progestational bovine endometrium: prospective regulation and function (2003)

Cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) is expressed by malignant human ovarian surface epithelial cells and derivatives of the Mullerian duct system. This study explored the expression, regulation, and function of CA-125 in the bovine uterus. CA-125 was localized by immunohistochemistry to the apical surfaces of epithelial cells lining the endometrium and proximal glands of the late luteal phase and early pregnancy; antigen was not detected during oestrus or the postpartum period. Production of CA-125 by bovine endometrial cells in vitro was upregulated by progesterone and interferon-tau. Immunopurified CA-125 from uterine flushes of dioestrous or pregnant cows was similar in biochemical composition (as determined by gel electrophoresis and amino acid content) to the human antigen isolated from incubation medium conditioned by the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3. Bovine CA-125 inhibited complement-induced lysis of antibody-sensitized sheep erythrocytes. It is suggested that endometrial CA-125 exerts a progestational role in part by protecting maternal and embryonic cells from immune targeting and lysis.
A NEW PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTION (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA NEW PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIOND. H. R. Barton, J. M. Beaton, L. E. Geller, and M. M. PechetCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 10, 2640–2641Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01495a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01495a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3556Altmetric-Citations299LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Upward Mobility: Black and White Women Administrators. (1985)

The reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV which has been inhibited by the incorporation of AZT into the primer strand is subject to a deblocking reaction by cellular ATP. This reaction yields unblocked primer plus the dinucleoside tetraphosphate, AZTp(4)A. In the present study, we report that AZTp(4)A is an excellent substrate for the enzyme Ap(4)A hydrolase (asymmetrical dinucleoside tetraphosphatase, EC 3.6.1.17), an enzyme that is widely distributed in many cell types. Progress of the reaction has been monitored by 31P NMR, and it was found that hydrolysis results in the production of AZTTP:ATP in a 7:1 ratio. The AZTp(4)A was also hydrolyzed at a rate 1.8-fold more rapidly than Ap(4)A. Spectrophotometric assays yielded Michaelis constants of 2.35 and 0.71 microM for Ap(4)A and AZTp(4)A, respectively. It, therefore, appears that Ap(4)A hydrolase can play a useful role in the regeneration of the AZTTP, the active form of AZT, for the inhibition of HIV RT.
Human posture recognition and classification (2013)

Human posture recognition is gaining increasing attention in the field of computer vision due to its promising applications in the areas of personal health care, environmental awareness, human-computer-interaction and surveillance systems. Human posture recognition in video sequences is a challenging task which is part of the more general problem of video sequence interpretation. This paper presents a novel an intelligent human posture recognition system for video surveillance using a single static camera. The training and testing were performed using four different classifiers. The recognition rates (accuracies) of those classifiers were then compared and results indicate that MLP gives the highest recognition rate. Moreover, results show that supervised learning classifiers tend to perform better than unsupervised classifiers for the case of human posture recognition. Furthermore, for each individual classifier, the recognition rate has been found to be proportional to the number of postures trained and evaluated. Performance comparisons between the proposed systems and existing systems were also carried out.
Bacterial spoilage of wine and approaches to minimize it (2009)

Bacteria are part of the natural microbial ecosystem of wine and play an important role in winemaking by reducing wine acidity and contributing to aroma and flavour. Conversely, they can cause numerous unwelcome wine spoilage problems, which reduce wine quality and value. Lactic acid bacteria, especially Oenococcus oeni, contribute positively to wine sensory characters, but other species, such as Lactobacillus sp. and Pediococcus sp can produce undesirable volatile compounds. Consequences of bacterial wine spoilage include mousy taint, bitterness, geranium notes, volatile acidity, oily and slimy-texture, and overt buttery characters. Management of wine spoilage bacteria can be as simple as manipulating wine acidity or adding sulfur dioxide. However, to control the more recalcitrant bacteria, several other technologies can be explored including pulsed electric fields, ultrahigh pressure, ultrasound or UV irradiation, and natural products, including bacteriocins and lysozyme.
Latency inflation with MPLS-based traffic engineering (2011)

While MPLS has been extensively deployed in recent years, little is known about its behavior in practice. We examine the performance of MPLS in Microsoft's online service network (MSN), a well-provisioned multi-continent production network connecting tens of data centers. Using detailed traces collected over a 2-month period, we find that many paths experience significantly inflated latencies. We correlate occurrences of latency inflation with routers, links, and DC-pairs. This analysis sheds light on the causes of latency inflation and suggests several avenues for alleviating the problem.
Excitation Coefficients and Beamwidths of Tschebyscheff Arrays (1953)

In this paper, exact expressions are obtained for the excitation coefficients of a Tschebyscheff array by equating the array space factor to a Fourier series whose coefficients are readily calculated. A set of curves is presented showing half-power beam width versus antenna length for various side-lobe levels. An approximate though very accurate expression for the half-power beamwidth is derived.
Kinetics of Tungsten Deposition by the Reaction of  WF 6 and Hydrogen (1978)

Experimental rate data from a number of investigations on the chemical vapor deposition of tungsten by the hydrogen reduction of were analyzed to determine the reaction mechanisms which controlled the process under experimental conditions in which mass transport limitiation was absent. Rate‐controlling mechanisms were identified by comparing reaction orders obtained from the experimental data with those obtained from rate equations derived for each possible rate‐controlling step. Where the reactant stream was expected to remain streamlined and only slightly heated through contact with the tungsten substrate, the rate‐controlling mechanism was determined to be the dissociation of molecules adsorbed on the substrate. The activation energy for this process step was 67,000 J/mole. The reaction orders with respect to and were zero and one‐half, respectively. With experimental conditions more conducive to gas stream turbulence and stream heating, deposition rate was controlled by homogeneous gas phase reactions also having an activation energy of about 67,000 J/mole. The reaction order for this mechanism was 2 with respect to both reactants.
Design of an Underwater Glider with Fore and Aft Buoyancy Engines (2007)

In this paper, we discuss design issues in applying buoyancy engines as the device to vary net buoyancy and to alternate the position of the center of gravity of a glider. The buoyancy engines arrangement contains two tanks located at the fore and end aft part of the hull. Buoyancy engines considered here are those of piston-type. Forces equations which model buoyancy, gravity, and hydrodynamic forces in gliding are derived. Performances of different sizes of buoyancy engines are compared. Operational constrains considering the power consumption of buoyancy engines are also specified. Gliders with rectangular wings of various shape and wing location are then examined in terms of the energy cost for gliding controlled by buoyancy engines.
Spectral style transfer for human motion between independent actions (2016)

Human motion is complex and difficult to synthesize realistically. Automatic style transfer to transform the mood or identity of a character's motion is a key technology for increasing the value of already synthesized or captured motion data. Typically, state-of-the-art methods require all independent actions observed in the input to be present in a given style database to perform realistic style transfer. We introduce a spectral style transfer method for human motion between independent actions, thereby greatly reducing the required effort and cost of creating such databases. We leverage a spectral domain representation of the human motion to formulate a spatial correspondence free approach. We extract spectral intensity representations of reference and source styles for an arbitrary action, and transfer their difference to a novel motion which may contain previously unseen actions. Building on this core method, we introduce a temporally sliding window filter to perform the same analysis locally in time for heterogeneous motion processing. This immediately allows our approach to serve as a style database enhancement technique to fill-in non-existent actions in order to increase previous style transfer method's performance. We evaluate our method both via quantitative experiments, and through administering controlled user studies with respect to previous work, where significant improvement is observed with our approach.
Methylation of Human MicroRNA Genes in Normal and Neoplastic Cells (2007)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that control gene expression by inhibition of protein translation or degradation of cognate target mRNAs. Eventhough strict Even though strict developmental and tissue-specific regulation appears to be critical for miRNA function, very little is known about the mechanisms governing miRNA gene expression. Several recent studies have shown that miRNA genes can regulated DNA methylation and other epigenetic mechanisms. The observation of altered miRNA gene methylation patterns in human cancers also suggested that miRNA gene methylation is functional relevant for tumorigenesis. We have now performed a comprehensive analysis of miRNA genes and found that about half of these genes are associated with CpG islands and thus represent candidate targets of the DNA methylation machinery An expanded analysis of several miRNA-associated CpG islands in five cell lines indicated that miRNA gene methylation is detectable at high frequencies, both in normal and malignant cells. Possible explanations for this phenomenon include the specific structure of miRNA genes and/or their requirement for strict expression regulation.
A method using artificial neural networks to morphologically assess mouse blastocyst quality (2014)

This process has a high potential for applicability because it can be adapted to additional species with greater economic appeal (human beings and cattle). Based on an objective assessment (without personal bias from the embryologist) and with high reproducibility between samples or different clinics and laboratories, this method will facilitate such classification in the future as an alternative practice for assessing embryo morphologies.
Simple DSP-IDFT techniques for generating spectrally efficient FDM signals (2010)

Spectrally Efficient Frequency Division Multiplexing (SEFDM) system promises bandwidth savings by multiplexing overlapped non-orthogonal sub-carriers. Work in the literature has confirmed that despite the non-orthogonal structure of the sub-carriers, efficient detection of the SEFDM signal is achievable. However, loosing orthogonality brings along many design and implementation challenges. In particular, the generation of the signal requires a bank of independent modulators which becomes particularly complex with the increase in the number of carriers. In this work, we propose simple framework for the generation of the SEFDM signal based on the Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT). The proposed designs employ similar building blocks as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based systems, hence, would facilitate an easy migration and/or coexistence with OFDM on the transmitter side. Furthermore, the proposed framework may facilitate the IDFT design for any Frequency Division Multiplexed (FDM) signal with arbitrary sub-carriers spacing. The equivalence of the IDFT generated signal and the modulators based signal is proved mathematically, nonetheless, numerical simulations were performed to verify that equivalence and to test for the performance of the digitally generated signal in AWGN channel. Numerical results confirmed the required spectrum compression and bite error rate (BER) performance at a much reduced complexity.
Innate Immune recognition of viral infection (2006)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key molecules of the innate immune systems, which detect conserved structures found in a broad range of pathogens and triggers innate immune responses. A subset of TLRs recognize viral components and induce antiviral responses by producing type I interferons. Whereas TLR2 and TLR4 recognize viral components at the cell surface, TLR3, TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9 are exclusively expressed in endosomal compartments. After phagocytes internalize viruses or virus-infected apoptotic cells, viral nucleic acids are released in phagolysosomes and are recognized by these TLRs. Recent reports have shown that hosts also have a mechanism to detect replicating viruses in the cytoplasm in a TLR-independent manner. In this review, we focus on the viral recognition by innate immunity and the signaling pathways.
Scanning ferroelectric apertures (1974)

To reduce the loss of an array due to the fixed element pattern and to reduce the grating-lobe problem for large steering angles, the use of. scanning ferroelectric apertures is proposed. The phase front and, as a result, the beam direction of a scanning ferroelectric element are determined by its permittivity controlled by the biasing voltage applied to it. The calculated angle of steering of a scanning element, made of polycrystalline BaTiO3, is more than ±75° at 10 GHz. A quality factor is defined for the purpose of comparing the efficiency of different ferroelectric materials for application in a scanning element.
Studies on Protein−Liposome Coupling Using Novel Thiol-Reactive Coupling Lipids:  Influence of Spacer Length and Polarity (2001)

To optimize the preparation of immunoliposomes, we investigated the coupling of thiolated IgG and BSA to liposomes using a novel group of coupling lipids. All lipids consist of cholesterol as membrane anchor and a thiol-reactive maleimide headgroup, linked by a spacer that differs in length and polarity (ethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, PEG 400, PEG 1000, dodecyl). In addition, lipids differ in the electrophilicity of the maleimide group (p- or m-maleimidobenzoic ester). In the case of BSA, coupling efficiency strongly depended on the electrophilicity of the maleimide group as well as on the spacer polarity: The less electrophilic meta constitution seems to be an advantage over the p-maleimidobenzoic ester, resulting in higher coupling efficiency. Polar spacers (tetraethylene glycol, 46%) achieved a higher coupling efficiency than a nonpolar spacer with approximately the same length (dodecyl, 15%).When liposomes containing coupling lipids with the spacers tetraethylene glycol, PEG 400, and PEG 1000 were linked to BSA, coupling efficiencies were in a medium range and similar (41-46%) but were lower for the short ethylene glycol spacer (30%). In contrast, for IgG coupling efficiencies correlated with increasing spacer length. Best results were obtained using coupling lipids with a long polar spacer (PEG 1000) (65%), whereas a coupling lipid bearing a short spacer (ethylene glycol) resulted in a low coupling efficiency of 12%.
Adaptive deadlock- and livelock-free routing in the hypercube network (1994)

This paper consists of two parts. In the first one, two new algorithms for wormhole routing on the hypercube network are presented. These techniques are adaptive and are ensured to be deadlock- and livelock-free. These properties are guaranteed by using a small number of resources in the routing node. The first algorithm is adaptive and nonminimal and will be referred to as Nonminimal. In this technique, some moderate derouting is allowed in order to alleviate the potential congestion arising from highly structured communication patterns. The second algorithm, dubbed Subcubes, is adaptive and minimal, and is based on partitioning the hypercube into subcubes of smaller dimension; This technique requires only two virtual channels per physical link of the node. In the second part of the paper, a wide variety of techniques for wormhole routing in the hypercube are evaluated from an algorithmic point of view. Five partially adaptive algorithms are considered: the Hanging algorithm, the Zenith algorithm, the Hanging-Order algorithm, the Nonminimal algorithm; and the Subcubes algorithm. One oblivious algorithm, the Dimension-Order, or E-Cube routing algorithm, is also used. Finally, a Fully Adaptive Minimal algorithm is tried. A simple node model was designed and adapted to all the algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Jet Vectoring and Enhancement of Flow Control Performance of Trielectrode Plasma Actuator Utilizing Sliding Discharge (2012)

The flow control performance and jet vectoring characteristics of trielectrode (TED) plasma actuators on quiescent air were analyzed. To examine the body force generated from the actuator, the thrust of the induced jet was measured, as a reaction of the aerodynamic force from the actuator. The corresponding induced jet was visualized by means of highspeed Schrielen Visualization with the discharge conditions to understand physical phenomena on the actuator. The experiments show that the thrust generated by the TED actuator depended on the applied DC voltage. By applying high negative DC voltage, with the existence of sliding discharge channels between the two exposed electrodes, the induced flow becomes in the pronounced vertical jet. The overall thrust is greatly improved from SDBD actuator at these regimes. The efficiency of SDBD actuator also shows substantial improvement. These confirm that the TED actuator could improve both body force and their power efficiency at the same time.
Pityriasis versicolor: a review of pharmacological treatment options (2005)

Pityriasis versicolor is a common disorder of the skin, which is characterised by scaly hypo- or hyperpigmented lesions on the body. The lipophilic yeast, Malassezia, is considered to be the aetiological agent of this disease. A number of treatment options, both topical and systemic, have been shown to be effective. A critical evaluation of treatment options is presented.
Relationships of Friction, Pull-off Forces and Nanometer-scale Surface Geometry. (2001)

Friction and pull-off forces were measured between an atomic force microscope (AFM) probe made of Si3N4 and submicron asperity arrays on a single-crystal tungsten plate, a silicon wafer, and a platinum film. A focused ion beam was used to produce the two-dimensional asperity arrays. The tip of the AFM probe had a flat, square surface measuring 0.7×0.7 μm2. The pull-off force was proportional to the curvature radius of the asperity peak, but was not affected by micro-roughness at the peak. The friction force was proportional to the pull-off force. These findings suggest that the Laplace pressure of the condensed water was the predominant pull-off force and that the pull-off (adhesion) force worked as an external normal load for the friction. The friction coefficients calculated by regarding the pull-off force as an external normal load were compared for the platinum and silicon patterns, and this proved that the friction coefficient on the silicon was about twice as high as on the platinum.
New approach to strip-map SAR autofocus (2002)

This paper demonstrates how certain concepts from the Phase Gradient Autofocus (PGA) algorithm for automated refocus of spotlight mode SAR imagery may be used to design a similar algorithm that applies to SAR imagery formed in the conventional strip-mapping mode. The algorithm derivation begins with the traditional view of strip-map image formation as convolution (compression) using a linear FM chirp sequence. The appropriate analogies and modifications to the spotlight mode case are used to describe a working algorithm for strip-map autofocus.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>