gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adult polyglucosan body disease in Ashkenazi Jewish patients carrying the Tyr<sup>329</sup> Ser mutation in the glycogen‐branching enzyme gene (1998)

Adult polyglucosan body disease (APBD) is a late-onset, slowly progressive disorder of the nervous system caused by glycogen branching enzyme (GBE) deficiency in a subgroup of patients of Ashkenazi Jewish origin. Similar biochemical finding is shared by glycogen storage disease type IV (GSD IV) that, in contrast to APBD, is an early childhood disorder with primarily systemic manifestations. Recently, the GBE cDNA was cloned and several mutations were characterized in different clinical forms of GSD IV. To examine whether mutations in the GBE gene account for APBD, we studied 7 patients from five Jewish families of Ashkenazi ancestry. The diagnosis was based on the typical clinical and pathological findings, and supported by reduced GBE activity. We found that the clinical and biochemical APBD phenotype in all five families cosegregated with the Tyr329Ser mutation, not detected in 140 controls. As this mutation was previously identified in a nonprogressive form of GSD IV and was shown in expression studies to result in a significant residual GBE activity, present findings explain the late onset and slowly progressive course of APBD in our patients. We conclude that APBD represents an allelic variant of GSD IV, but the reason for the difference in primary tissue involvement must be established.
Implications of higher-order mode content in large mode area fibers with good beam quality (2007)

The impact of Higher-Order Mode content on beam quality in large mode area fibers supporting several guided modes is carefully investigated. It is shown that even excellent beam quality (M(2) < 1.1) in LMA fibers does not guarantee low HOM content, and that the presence of HOMs can lead to significant uncontrollable changes in beam quality, peak intensity, and pointing uncertainty that depend on the uncontrollable relative phase of the modes in the fiber.
Cross-Sectional Studies in Periodontal Disease: Current Status and Implications for Dental Practice (1993)

This paper reviews the cross-sectional national studies of periodontal disease conducted over the past 30 years. Studies included are the 1960-62 HES study (NCHS), the 1971-74 NHANES I study (NCHS), the 1981 RTI study (HRSA), and the 1985-86 Employed Adults study (NIDR). For each of these surveys, the population studied, the general sampling strategy, the periodontal measures collected, and the periodontal findings are compared in this paper. Compared with the first three studies, the NIDR 1985-86 findings appear markedly lower, implying that there has been a decline in the prevalence of periodontal disease. Two possible inferences from these studies are that: (1) there has been a decline in the prevalence of periodontal disease in recent years or (2) the sampling and measurement methods may be sufficiently different for these lower numbers to result. Each inference is explored, with the authors concluding that the latter is more plausible. The implications for future treatment needs are then estimated, given the marked trends in the size of the aging population. The number of older adults over age 55 who will need periodontal services will increase. The adequacy of the number, type, and distribution of dental care providers to meet these increasing needs is discussed.
Tunable SAW comb filter (1991)

The tunable saw comb filter is described. The principle of the filter is based on changing the phase shift in the closed loop of an amplifier by means of a variable mangetoacoustic SAW delay line.
Quantitative determination of the ring-chain hydrolysis equilibrium constant for anabaseine and related tobacco alkaloids (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantitative determination of the ring-chain hydrolysis equilibrium constant for anabaseine and related tobacco alkaloidsJohn A. Zoltewicz, Linda B. Bloom, and William R. KemCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 18, 4462–4468Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00279a042RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views147Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (927 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
An automated multimodal spectral cluster based segmentation for tumor and lesion detection in PET images (2016)

The acquisition of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) images for tumor and lesion detection has emerged as one of the most powerful tools for medical image analysis in recent years. In this paper, a novel technique to obtain multimodality aspect of tumor and lesion detection in PET images through Automated Multimodal Spectral Cluster based Segmentation (AMSCS) is proposed, aiming at improving the tumor detection accuracy. The Spectral Contours with Constrained Threshold (SCCT) technique in AMSCS is carried out to various spectral features of the PET image without any deformation, improving the true positive rate. The SCCT technique utilize user defined seed point in the region of interest in PET images and generate spectral contours (i.e.,) shape, size, location and intensity. A Multi-Spectral Contour Cluster (MSCC) mechanism is introduced that organizes the spectral contour features of shape, size, location and intensity into multi-spectral clusters for quicker segmentation of PET Image regions of interest. Experimental analysis is conducted using Primary Tumor Data Set from UCI repository PET Images on parametric such as, Multi-spectral cluster size, ROI segmentation time, tumor and lesion detection time, tumor detection accuracy.
The Rate of Killing of Escherichia coli by -Lactam Antibiotics Is Strictly Proportional to the Rate of Bacterial Growth (1986)

Nongrowing bacteria evade the bactericidal activity of beta-lactam antibiotics. We sought to determine if slow growth rate also alters bactericidal activity. The bactericidal activity of two beta-lactams on Escherichia coli grown in glucose limited chemostats was compared for generation times ranging from 0.7 to 12 h. The degree of killing varied with drug structure and with E. coli strain. However, all killing rates were a constant function of the bacterial generation time: slowly growing bacteria became progressively more phenotypically tolerant to beta-lactam antibiotics as the generation time was extended.
Catalytic Decomposition Of Potassium Monopersulfate. Influence Of Variables (2009)

Potassium monopersulfate has been decomposed in aqueous solution in the presence of Co(II). The effect of the main operating variables has been assessed. Minimum variations in pH exert a considerable influence on the process kinetics. Thus, when no pH adjustment is considered, the actual effect of variables like initial monopersulfate and/or catalyst concentration may be hindered. As expected, temperature enhances the monopersulfate decomposition rate by following the Arrhenius law. The activation energy in the proximity of 85 kJ/mol has been obtained. Amongst the different solids tested in the monopersulfate decomposition, only the perovskite LaTi0.15Cu0.85O3 has shown a significant catalytic activity.
An Extended Definition Television System Using Quadrature Modulation of the Video Carrier with Inverse Nyquist Filter (1987)

A QUadrature Modulating Extended definition television system -QUME- , which enhances NTSC to higher definition , is proposed. The QUME system uses quadrature modulation of video carrier with inverse nyquist filter and creates an independent transmission channel (Bandwidth : 1MHz) without using additional channel resources. One of the features of QUME is that the multiplexed signal hardly interferes with the conventional TV receivers, and another is that there is no crosstalk between the multiplexed signal and the main NTSC signal. These features enable a wide aspect ratio image to be transmitted as well as high frequency components of luminance and/or chrominance signals, while keeping compatibility with the NTSC system.
On-demand virtual studios and laboratories based on grid technologies for project-based cooperative design and engineering (2005)

Nowadays distributed and multi-organization teams joined for the duration of the project accomplish many cooperative design and engineering projects. Grid technologies facilitate dynamic and distributed work environments for such project-based work scenarios because grid technologies provide the ability to dynamically create and manage service instances, and perform resource management in multi-organization environments. We propose the virtual studio lab for project based work scenarios. A virtual studio aggregates required tools provided by a grid on demand for the duration of a project facilitating creation and control of a cooperative work environment. A virtual studio lab manager is responsible for requesting resource allocation, creation of grid service instances and control of service instances composing an on demand virtual studios and laboratories. We have implemented a prototype and are experimenting on two scenarios: a film production project and an Internet application development project.
Long-term measurement of muscle denervation and locomotor behavior in individual wild-type and ALS model mice (2013)

The increasing number of mouse models of human degenerative and injury-related diseases that affect motor behavior raises the importance of in vivo methodologies allowing measurement of physiological and behavioral changes over an extended period of time in individual animals. A method that provides long-term measurements of muscle denervation and its behavioral consequences in individual mice for several months is presented in this article. The method is applied to mSod1(G93A) mice, which model human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The denervation process of gastrocnemius and soleus muscles in mSod1(G93A) mice is demonstrated for up to 3 mo. The data suggest that as muscle denervation progresses, massive behavioral compensation occurs within the spinal cord that allows animals to walk almost normally until late ages. Only around the age of 84 days is the first sign of abnormal movement during walking behavior detected as an abnormal tibialis anterior activity profile that is manifested in subtle but abnormal swing movement during walking. Additionally, this method can be used with other mouse models of human diseases, such as spinal cord injury, intracerebral hemorrhage, Parkinson's diseases, and spinal muscular atrophy.
Neonatal whisker clipping alters intracortical, but not thalamocortical projections, in rat barrel cortex (1999)

Retrograde axonal transport of cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) was used to compare the development of intracortical and thalamocortical connections in normal rats with those in rats in which all of the whiskers were trimmed continuously from birth. In normal animals, injections of CTB into a single barrel column resulted in an asymmetrical labeling of cells that were distributed preferentially within columns related to the same row in which the injection was placed. This anisotropy in the patterns of intracortical connections was not observed in whisker-clipped animals. In these animals, there was a significant reduction in the mean number of labeled cells in the infragranular layers, and labeled cells were distributed symmetrically around the injection site. The same injections of CTB also labeled thalamocortical neurons in the ventrobasal thalamus. Analysis of the distribution of these cells revealed that, in both control and experimental animals, the vast majority of labeled cells were restricted to a homologous (i.e., corresponding to the injected cortical barrel) thalamic barreloid. These findings indicate that manipulations of sensory experience alter patterns of intracortical, but not thalamocortical, connections.
Large Scale 3D Image Reconstruction in Optical Interferometry (2015)

Astronomical optical interferometers (OI) sample the Fourier transform of the intensity distribution of a source at the observation wavelength. Because of rapid atmospheric perturbations, the phases of the complex Fourier samples (visibilities) cannot be directly exploited , and instead linear relationships between the phases are used (phase closures and differential phases). Consequently, specific image reconstruction methods have been devised in the last few decades. Modern polychromatic OI instruments are now paving the way to multiwavelength imaging. This paper presents the derivation of a spatio-spectral ("3D") image reconstruction algorithm called PAINTER (Polychromatic opticAl INTErferometric Reconstruction software). The algorithm is able to solve large scale problems. It relies on an iterative process, which alternates estimation of polychromatic images and of complex visibilities. The complex visibilities are not only estimated from squared moduli and closure phases, but also from differential phases, which help to better constrain the polychromatic reconstruction. Simulations on synthetic data illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm.
Art History (1992)

Journal Article Art History Get access JONATHAN HARRIS JONATHAN HARRIS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Year's Work in Critical and Cultural Theory, Volume 2, Issue 1, 1992, Pages 154–197, https://doi.org/10.1093/ywcct/2.1.154 Published: 01 October 1992
Phase II Trial of a Novel Paclitaxel Schedule As Single-Agent, First-Line Therapy for HER-2/<i>neu</i>–Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Community-Based Study (2006)

In a unique de-escalating schedule, this study of single-agent paclitaxel produced a response rate similar to other single-agent paclitaxel schedules, in first-line therapy for metastatic breast cancer, published in the literature. However, this schedule is not recommended for the therapy of metastatic breast cancer because of the higher rate of toxicity.
Effect of murine alpha-, beta-, and gamma-interferons in combination with alpha-difluoromethylornithine, an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis, on the tumor growth and metastasis of B16 melanoma and Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. (1989)

We have previously established that type I interferon (IFN), a mixture of alpha- and beta-IFN, augments the antitumor activity of alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis, against B16 melanoma. The objective of the present investigation was to extend these earlier observations to metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma and to determine specifically which component(s) of type I IFN potentiates the antitumor activity of DFMO. Furthermore, we wanted to determine whether type II (gamma) IFN can also potentiate the antitumor activity of DFMO. Treatment of animals bearing Lewis lung carcinoma with DFMO, 2% in drinking water (3 g/kg/day), or IFN-alpha/beta (1000 units/mouse) given subcutaneously on alternate days for a total of ten doses alone resulted in 42 and 5% inhibition of tumor growth, respectively. A combination of DFMO and interferon brought about complete elimination of tumors in 12 of the 18 animals, and 94% inhibition of tumor growth in the remainder. DFMO or type I IFN administered alone caused 94 and 26% inhibition of metastasis, respectively. Combination treatment with these two agents resulted in complete elimination of visible metastases. Treatment of mice bearing B16 melanoma with DFMO resulted in 81% inhibition of tumor growth compared to controls. The administration of interferons alone resulted in tumor growth inhibition of 15, 3, 1, and 43% for type I, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-interferons, respectively. Treatment of animals with combination of DFMO and various interferons resulted in inhibition of 94, 93, 86, and 94% of B16 tumor growth for type I, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-interferons, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fire as a large-scale edge effect in Amazonian forests (2002)

Amazonian forests are being rapidly cleared, and the remaining forest fragments appear unusually vulnerable to fire. This occurs because forest remnants have dry, fire-prone edges, are juxtaposed with frequently burned pastures, and are often degraded by selective logging, which increases forest desiccation and fuel loading. Here we demonstrate that in eastern Amazonia, fires are operating as a large-scale edge effect in the sense that most fires originate outside fragments and penetrate considerable distances into forest interiors. Multi-temporal analyses of satellite imagery from two frontier areas reveal that fire frequency over 12-14-y periods was substantially elevated within at least 2400 m of forest margins. Application of these data with a mathematical core-area model suggests that even large forest remnants (up to several hundred thousand ha in area) could be vulnerable to edge-related fires. The synergistic interactions of forest fragmentation, logging and human-ignited fires pose critical threats to Amazonian forests, particularly in more seasonal areas of the basin.
Transcription-Associated R-Loop Formation across the Human FMR1 CGG-Repeat Region (2014)

Expansion of a trinucleotide (CGG) repeat element within the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of the human FMR1 gene is responsible for a number of heritable disorders operating through distinct pathogenic mechanisms: gene silencing for fragile X syndrome (>200 CGG) and RNA toxic gain-of-function for FXTAS (∼ 55-200 CGG). Existing models have focused almost exclusively on post-transcriptional mechanisms, but co-transcriptional processes could also contribute to the molecular dysfunction of FMR1. We have observed that transcription through the GC-rich FMR1 5'UTR region favors R-loop formation, with the nascent (G-rich) RNA forming a stable RNA:DNA hybrid with the template DNA strand, thereby displacing the non-template DNA strand. Using DNA:RNA (hybrid) immunoprecipitation (DRIP) of genomic DNA from cultured human dermal fibroblasts with both normal (∼ 30 CGG repeats) and premutation (55<CGG<200 repeats) alleles, we provide evidence for FMR1 R-loop formation in human genomic DNA. Using a doxycycline (DOX)-inducible episomal system in which both the CGG-repeat and transcription frequency can be varied, we further show that R-loop formation increases with higher expression levels. Finally, non-denaturing bisulfite mapping of the displaced single-stranded DNA confirmed R-loop formation at the endogenous FMR1 locus and further indicated that R-loops formed over CGG repeats may be prone to structural complexities, including hairpin formation, not commonly associated with other R-loops. These observations introduce a new molecular feature of the FMR1 gene that is directly affected by CGG-repeat expansion and is likely to be involved in the associated cellular dysfunction.
Large depth-of-field 3D shape measurement using an electrically tunable lens (2019)

The state-of-the-art 3D shape measurement system has rather shallow working volume due to the limited depth-of-field (DOF) of conventional lens. In this paper, we propose to use the electrically tunable lens to substantially enlarge the DOF. Specifically, we capture always in-focus phase-shifted fringe patterns by precisely synchronizing the tunable lens attached to the camera with the image acquisition and the pattern projection; we develop a phase unwrapping framework that fully utilizes the geometric constraint from the camera focal length setting; and we pre-calibrate the system under different focal distance to reconstruct 3D shape from unwrapped phase map. To validate the proposed idea, we developed a prototype system that can perform high-quality measurement for the depth range of approximately 1,000 mm (400 mm - 1400 mm) with the measurement error of 0.05%. Furthermore, we demonstrated that such a technique can be used for real-time 3D shape measurement by experimentally measuring moving objects.
An expert system shell for aerospace applications (1994)

REX is an object-oriented, asynchronous, real-time expert system shell that can handle continuous streams of data, represent temporal knowledge, and perform process monitoring. REX has been developed to meet the challenges of the dynamic aerospace environment. The system's distinguishing feature is a semantically rich temporal representation facility for both data and knowledge. It handles the matching and firing of two rule types for encoding temporal knowledge: clock synchronized rules and spanning rules. To handle simultaneous, disjointed events, we have adopted a multiple rule-firing model. Also, in REX, rules are objects-and they are stored, retrieved, and managed exactly like data objects-unlike conventional object-oriented expert system shells, where rules operate on top of objects and are treated differently from objects.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
DIVERSITY OF CRYPTHECODINIUM SPP. (DINOPHYCEAE) FROM OKINAWA PREFECTURE, JAPAN (2013)

The genus Crypthecodinium (Dinophyceae) currently consists of only one species: C. cohnii, a heterotrophic marine dinoflagellate widely known able to produce prolific amount of DHA. However, previous studies revealed that there are morphological and genetic differences among Crypthedodinium cohnii-like strains, indicating the potential of undiscovered diversity of this dinoflagellate. Attempts of isolating heterotrophic marine dinoflagellate strains were made from submerged mangrove leaves and seaweed. A total of nine strains were established, cultured and maintained using seawater-based GTY medium for taxonomic identification and phylogenetic analyses based on SSU, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 and LSU rDNA. Morphological observation revealed all strains shared similar morphology, e.g.: motile cells were delicately thin armored with single or double flagella surrounding the cingulum and protruding along the sulcus posteriorly, while non-motile cell stage (cyst) may retain more than two daughter cells inside the transparent and thick cell wall. Both cell stages varied in sizes and shapes even within the same clonal culture.Numerous lipid granules can be observed in the cytoplasm. Two types of cingulum encirclement were observed: partially or completely surrounding the cell body. All strains indicated close relatedness (＞95% sequence similarity) with previously reported Cryphtecodinium cohnii strains, except for C. cohnii CAAE-CL2 (87.2-87.4% similarity) in SSU and C. cohnii CCMP316 (79.9-80.4% similarity) in ITS. Moreover, molecular phylogenetic tree grouped the Okinawan isolates into two genetically distinct clades with high similarity (＞98%) among members of each clade in SSU and LSU but only shared 80.5% similarity in ITS rDNA. The results of this study showed evidences of undiscovered diversity in the heterotrophic dinoflagellates currently regarded as Crypthecodinium.