gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Shape Detection Method Based on the Radial Symmetry Nature and Direction-Discriminated Voting (2007)

This paper describes a new method for shape detection based on the radial symmetry nature and direction-discriminated voting. Multiple shapes including circles, regular and non-regular polygons can be detected under a general framework. The novelty of our approach is that different shapes can be simultaneously located and classified. It is implemented by taking account of both voting accumulations and voting directions. We show that the approach can reduce false detection and computation burden compared to some existing methods. Moreover, by modeling a shape based on its partial radial symmetry characteristics and the geometrical relationship among the symmetry centers, our approach is extended to detect non-regular polygons. Experiments on traffic sign detection demonstrate good performance of our method.
Cellular mechanisms of myocardial infarct expansion. (1988)

Infarct expansion is acute regional dilatation and thinning of the infarct zone. There are several possibilities for the mechanism of this alteration in cardiac shape: thinning could be caused by 1) cell rupture, 2) a reduction in the intercellular space, or 3) stretching of myocytes or 4) slippage of groups of myocytes so that less cells are distributed across the wall. To determine the relative contributions of these cellular mechanisms of wall thinning and dilatation, detailed study of transverse histological sections of rat hearts with infarct expansion was performed 1, 2, and 3 days after coronary ligation. The number of cells across the wall was determined in six regions within, adjacent to, and remote from the infarct. Cell counting was performed so that the total number of cells across the wall and the number of cells per unit length (cell density) across the wall were determined. The transmural cell count and the cell density were correlated with the wall thickness in each region. Myocyte cross-sectional areas and sarcomere lengths were also measured. The results from the infarct expansion hearts were compared with those of sham-operated control hearts that had been similarly analyzed. To ensure that mechanisms identified in the rat were applicable to human infarct expansion, five hearts from patients who died within 3 days of infarction and two hearts from patients without coronary disease were studied histologically in a similar fashion. Wall thinning occurred in all regions of the rat infarct expansion hearts compared with controls (p less than 0.0001) but, as expected, was most pronounced in the infarct zone. A decrease in the number of cells across the wall accompanied the wall thinning at each site (p less than 0.0001), and this change in cell number was highly correlated with the changes in wall thickness (r = 0.915, p less than 0.001). Cell density increased from controls only within the infarct zone (p less than 0.001) and accounted for at most 20% of the thinning in that region. The change in cell density was attributable to both cell stretch (measured by increased sarcomere length and decreased myocyte cross-sectional area) and a decrease in the intercellular space. A similar strong correlation between wall thinning and decreased number of cells across the wall was identified in the human hearts (r = 0.94, p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Helicobacter pylori colonization is inversely associated with childhood asthma (2007)

Background. Asthma, a serious health problem worldwide, is becoming more common. Colonization with He-licobacter pylori, a major human indigenous (commensal) microbe, during early life may be relevant to the risk of childhood asthma. Methods. We conducted cross-sectional analyses, using data from 7412 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999 –2000, to assess the association between H. pylori and childhood asthma. Results. H. pylori seropositivity was inversely associated with onset of asthma before 5 years of age and current asthma in children aged 3–13 years. Among participants 3–19 years of age, the presence of H. pylori was inversely related to ever having had asthma (odds ratio [OR], 0.69; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.45–1.06), and the inverse association with onset of asthma before 5 years of age was stronger (OR, 0.58; 95 % CI, 0.38 – 0.88). Among partici-pants 3–13 years of age, H. pylori positivity was significantly inversely associated with current asthma (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.24 – 0.69). H. pylori seropositivity also was inversely related to recent wheezing, allergic rhinitis, and dermatitis, eczema, or rash. Conclusions. This study is the first to report an inverse association betweenH. pylori seropositivity and asthma in children. The findings indicate new directions for research and asthma prevention.
Advanced Preclinical and Clinical Trials of Natural Products and Related Compounds from Marine Sources (2004)

The marine environment has proven to be a very rich source of extremely potent compounds that have demonstrated significant activities in anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesia, immuno-modulation, allergy and anti-viral assays. Although the case can and has been made that the nucleosides such as Ara-A and Ara-C are derived from knowledge gained from investigations of bioactive marine nucleosides, no drug directly from marine sources (whether isolated or by total synthesis) has yet made it to the commercial sector in any human disease. However, as shown in this review, there are now significant numbers of very interesting molecules that have come from marine sources, or have been synthesized as a result of knowledge gained from a prototypical compound, that are either in or approaching Phase III clinical trials in cancer, analgesia and allergy, with a very substantial number of other, quite different potential agents following in their wake, in these and in other diseases.
REVIEW: Best of the South: New Songs from the South: Musical Stories by Sugar Hill Songwriters (2007)

Review of the CD "Best of the South: New Songs from the South: Musical Stories by Sugar Hill Songwriters."
Acid resistance of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> depends on the UreI membrane protein and an inner membrane proton barrier (2000)

ureI encodes an inner membrane protein of Helicobacter pylori. The role of the bacterial inner membrane and UreI in acid protection and regulation of cytoplasmic urease activity in the gastric microorganism was studied. The irreversible inhibition of urease when the organism was exposed to a protonophore (3,3',4', 5-tetrachlorsalicylanide; TCS) at acidic pH showed that the inner membrane protected urease from acid. Isogenic ureI knockout mutants of several H. pylori strains were constructed by replacing the ureI gene of the urease gene cluster with a promoterless kanamycin resistance marker gene (kanR). Mutants carrying the modified ureAB-kanR-EFGH operon all showed wild-type levels of urease activity at neutral pH in vitro. The mutants resisted media of pH > 4.0 but not of pH < 4.0. Whereas wild-type bacteria showed high levels of urease activity below pH 4.0, this ability was not retained in the ureI mutants, resulting in inhibition of metabolism and cell death. Gene complementation experiments with plasmid-derived H. pylori ureI restored wild-type properties. The activation of urease activity found in structurally intact but permeabilized bacteria treated with 0.01% detergent (polyoxy-ethylene-8-laurylether; C12E8), suggested a membrane-limited access of urea to internal urease at neutral pH. Measurement of 14C-urea uptake into Xenopus oocytes injected with ureI cRNA showed acid activation of uptake only in injected oocytes. Acceleration of urea uptake by UreI therefore mediates the increase of intracellular urease activity seen under acidic conditions. This increase of urea permeability is essential for H. pylori survival in environments below pH 4.0. ureI-independent urease activity may be sufficient for maintenance of bacterial viability above pH 4.0.
Dehydrated egg white: An allergen source for improving efficacy and safety in the diagnosis and treatment for egg allergy (2013)

This is the first time that it is shown that the allergenicity of commercially available DEW is equivalent to raw egg whites. In vivo and in vitro tests showed that processing of DEW does not affect the allergenicity of egg proteins. DEW is an effective and microbiologically safer source of allergen for the diagnosis of egg allergy. Furthermore, DEW can be used in egg oral immunotherapy.
Toward Terahertz Magnetrons: 210-GHz Spatial-Harmonic Magnetron With Cold Cathode (2012)

The development of a 210-GHz spatial-harmonic magnetron with a cold secondary-emission cathode is presented. The development includes a detailed self-consistent tube simulation and optimization. Based on these results, 210-GHz tubes providing over 1-kW peak power were produced and tested. Experimental results are consistent with the simulation.
Antibacterial Activity and Composition of the Volatile Oil fromAchillea Ageratum L. (1996)

Artemisia ketone, artemisia alcohol, β-caryophyllene oxide and 1,8-cineole were confirmed as the major components of the volatile oil from Achillea ageratum L. In an antibacterial diffusion assay, the volatile oil showed activity mainly against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus aureus. The oil also showed some activity against the Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli.
ESTIMATION AND INFERENCE IN SHORT PANEL VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIONS WITH UNIT ROOTS AND COINTEGRATION (2005)

Se considera la estimacion y la inferencia de vectores autorregresivos en panel (VAP) con efectos fijos cuando la dimension temporal del panel es finita y la dimension de corte transversal es grande. Se propone un estimador de maxima verosimilitud (MV), basado en una funcion de verosimilitud transformada, que resulta ser consistente y con una distribucion asimptotica normal independientemente de las propiedades de raiz unitaria y de cointegracion del modelo VAP subyacente. La funcion de verosimilitud transformada tambien se utiliza para obtener contrastes de raiz unitaria y de cointegracion en paneles con dimensiones temporales reducidas. Se proporciona evidencia de Monte Carlo, que indica que el estimador MV y los constrastes de cointegracion y de hipotesis de los parametros basados en el se comportan bien en muestras pequeñas. (mb) (ad)
High frequency behavior of oxidized single-mode single polarization VCSELs with elliptical current aperture (2002)

For extremely high bit rate data transmission, laser sources with dynamically stable linearly polarized single-mode light output are desirable. We have fabricated oxidized VCSELs with elliptical current aperture for stable linearly polarized single-mode light emission and investigated their RF-behavior. The InGaAs-QW VCSEL structure is grown on <100> GaAs substrate. S-parameter and spectral relative intensity noise measurement give consistent results and yield both a K-factor of 0.468 ns equivalent to 19 GHz intrinsic modulation bandwidth.
THE MULTIPLE-GATE MOS-JFET TRANSISTOR (2002)

A new SOI device, the MOS-JFET, has been developed that combines two different transistors, JFET and MOSFET, superimposed in a single silicon island so that they share the same body. A unique attribute of the MOS-JFET is that it can be viewed as a four gate transistor (two side junction-based gates, the top MOS gate, and the back gate activated by SOI substrate biasing). Each of these four gates can control the conduction characteristics of the transistor. This novel transistor's multiple gate inputs give rise to exciting circuit opportunities for analog, RF, mixed-signal, and digital applications. Measured results of MOS-JFET transistors, fabricated in a conventional partially-depleted SOI technology, demonstrate that the device is fully operational. From the experiments and systematic 2-D simulations, typical regions of operation are identified. These results indicate that optimum performance is reached when the MOS and junction field-effects are combined.
The Photoelectrochemical Response of TiO2 ‐  WO 3 Mixed Oxide Films Prepared by Thermal Oxidation of Titanium Coated with Tungsten (1996)

Titanium sheets coated with vacuum‐deposited tungsten films were oxidized at 1073 and 1173 K to form mixed oxide films. The mixed oxide films showed higher anodic photocurrents than pure films formed on Ti due to the oxidation of water. The photocurrent increased with the amount of W deposition on the Ti substrate and with oxidation temperature. From scanning electron microscopy, x‐ray diffraction, and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it is concluded that the film s containing larger amounts and uniformly distributed W in the depth direction of the film generate larger photocurrents. For films formed by thermal oxidation of W sheets, there was anodic dissolution of the underlying metal. This may be due to imperfections in the film. Such dissolution was not observed for the mixed oxide films, showing the electrochemical stability of these films.
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi></mml:math>-Triggered Block Copolymer Micelle-to-Micelle Phase Transition (2009)

We present a first experimental observation and provide a theoretical interpretation of a pH-induced micelle-to-micelle phase transition in aqueous solutions of spherical block copolymer micelles with polybasic coronas. Dynamic light scattering, static light scattering, and atomic force microscopy confirm sharp changes in micellar hydrodynamic size and aggregation number occurring in a narrow pH range, DeltapH<0.1. In agreement with theory, zeta potential measurements indicated an abrupt change in ionization of polymer chains in the micellar corona at the transition pH.
Incremental linking on HP-UX (2000)

The linker is often a time bottleneck in the development of large applications. Traditional linkers process all input files, even if only one or two objects have changed since the previous link. To shorten link time, we have developed an incremental linker for HP-UX which only processes modified files. Users can take advantage of the performance gains without modifying their usage patterns of the existing HP-UX linker since the incremental linker is implemented on top of the regular 64-bit linker. In addition to the tasks of the normal linker, the incremental linker must save extra information about input files, symbols and relocations, allow for the expansion of existing files and addition of new ones by allocating padding spaces in the output file and use this information to perform in-place updates. The results of several different design considerations and tradeoffs are materialized in link-time performance gains of up to thirteen times that of a normal link for large applications.
Intravascular Blood Oxygenation Using Hollow Fibers in a Disk-Shaped Configuration: Experimental Evaluation of the Relationship Between Porosity and Performance (2006)

Implantation of hollow fibers for blood oxygenation within a human vessel has been investigated for the last 15 years. Unfortunately, the combination of limited space inside the venous system and disadvantageous blood flow conditions has resulted until now in limited gas exchange performance of the investigated oxygenators. We are developing a highly integrated intravascular membrane oxygenator (HIMOX) characterized by a homogeneous disk-shaped fiber configuration. The main advantages are a larger fiber surface as well as favorable cross flow through the fibers compared with earlier designs. Fiber porosity represents an important constructive parameter and leads to a trade-off when dimensioning the bundles with the aim of maximum gas exchange at small anatomical size. Low porosity results in higher fiber surface as well as blood velocity. Both effects potentially enhance the gas exchange, but the associated increase of the pressure drop leads to a deformation of the fiber bundle and to a blood shunt. This fluid-structure interaction influences the gas exchange in a complex way. We investigated the influence of porosity on the gas exchange in the proposed fiber configuration in vitro. Bundle deformation was proven by comparing experimental data with a theoretical model. Highest oxygen exchange supplied by a single bundle was achieved at an intermediate porosity of 0.575. Moreover, specific oxygen exchange per fiber surface, which is an indicator of favorable flow conditions, increased with increasing fiber porosity. We achieved up to 450 ml O2 min m, which is a promising result for intravascular membrane oxygenation.
Optimal Design of Optically Gain-Clamped L-band Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier by Fiber Bragg Grating Method (2004)

We theoretically investigated the optimal design of optically gain-clamped (GC) L-band (1570–1610 nm) erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), in order to control the EDFA gain to ensure that the gain does not vary markedly in the presence of the add/drop of optical channels. It used a single fiber Bragg grating (FBG) on the input or output end of the erbium-doped fiber (EDF) to inject a portion of the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) back into the system. The FBG center wavelengths (λ B ) at either 1565 or 1610 nm for optically gain-clamped operation of such L-band GC-EDFAs were examined. In addition, the different FBG bandwidths (Δλ B ) for such L-band GC-EDFAs were compared. From the good gain-clamping capability point of view, the input-end FBG of 1565 nm center wavelength together with 4 nm bandwidth is the best choice for obtaining large gain-clamping dynamic ranges of good channel gain variation (Δ G ) and fairly low noise figure characteristics.
Virtually dining together in time-shifted environment (2013)

Dining with a remote person requires that both participants are available at the same time to eat together. Because of time-zone differences and other such contingent factors, this condition can often be hard to fulfill. One solution may lie in time-shifted communication. A person can enjoy a meal while watching an earlier recorded video of a remote person's dining. However, in a time-shifted environment, achieving dining synchronization is a challenge. In this research, we propose a time-shifted tele-dining system (KIZUNA) enabling people to enjoy a meal together in a virtual environment. The system adapts the displayed video's playback speed to the difference in dining progress between the local and remote person. This is likely to enhance communication and increase enjoyment while dining. A validation experiment revealed that the proposed KIZUNA adaptation method enhanced diners' communication behavior, and significantly enhanced the perceived presence of the remote person, in comparison with conventional time-shifted tele-dining. This result suggests a promising future for the KIZUNA system.
Malawi’s Milk Bulking Groups. (2013)

SRUC is a charity registered in Scotland, No. SC003712 www.sruc.ac.uk Steven Thomson1, Andrew Barnes1, Mizeck Chagunda1, Rollins Chitika2, Daniel Chiumia3, Bettie Kawonga3 1Scotland’s Rural College 2African Institute of Corporate Citizenship 2Department of Animal Science West Mains Road Casa de Chez Building, Bunda College of Agriculture Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, Scotland, UK Off Independence Drive, Private Bag 382, P. O. Box 219, Lilongwe, Malawi E-mail: steen.thomson@sruc.ac.uk Lilongwe 3, Malawi
Tlr‐4 Deficiency Selectively Protects Against Obesity Induced by Diets High in Saturated Fat (2008)

Toll-like receptor-4 (Tlr-4), a key pattern recognition receptor involved in innate immune response, is activated by saturated fatty acids (SFAs). To investigate the involvement of this receptor in obesity caused by consumption of diets high in fat, we utilized male Tlr-4-deficient 10ScN mice and 10J controls. Mice were fed either low fat (low-fat control (LFC)), high unsaturated fat (high-fat control (HFC)), or high saturated fat + palmitate (HFP) diets ad libitum for 16 weeks. Relative to the LFC diet, the HFC diet resulted in greater epididymal fat pad weights and adipocyte hypertrophy in both Tlr-4-deficient and normal mice. However, the 10ScN mice were completely protected against the obesigenic effects of the HFP diet. Moreover, macrophage infiltration and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) transcript abundance were lower in adipose tissue of 10ScN mice fed the HFP diet, and the hyperinsulinemic response was negated. Tlr-4-deficient mice also had markedly lower circulating concentrations of MCP-1 and much less nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) protein in nuclear extracts prepared from adipose tissue, irrespective of diet. In contrast, Tlr-4 deficiency did not attenuate the induction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression in adipose tissue. These data indicate that Tlr-4 deficiency selectively protects against the obesigenic effects of SFA and alters obesity-related inflammatory responses in adipose tissue.
128×128 Silicon Photonic MEMS Switch with Scalable Row/Column Addressing (2018)

128×128 silicon photonic switch with 16,384 MEMS-actuated switching elements and row/column addressing scheme have been successfully integrated on a 16×17mm2 chip. The maximum (minimum) on-chip loss is 22.7 dB (4.8 dB).
Colorectal cancer: a model for epigenetic tumorigenesis (2006)

Recent advances in basic and clinical science have driven epigenetics to the forefront of cancer research. Together with genetic changes, the disruption of epigenetic mechanisms is now established as a hallmark of cancer in humans. Colorectal cancer, long a classic model for the genetic basis of cancer, is now providing researchers with the opportunity to view epigenetic events in the context of neoplasia in humans. Knowledge of the heritable changes in gene expression that result from epigenetic events is of increasing relevance to clinical practice, particularly in terms of diagnostic and prognostic molecular markers, as well as novel therapeutic targets.
3D Mesh Segmentation Methodologies for CAD applications (2007)

A heterogeneous object (HO) modeling system independent of any commercial CAD software packages is introduced in this paper.Through this system, CAD models can be converted into 2D slices with heterogeneous material information for the fabrication of rapid prototyping technique.In this framework, volumetric dataset (VD) is employed to represent the material variations, which offers flexible manipulability to HO representation, while geometry model is used to describe the shape of an object, which can guarantee the accuracy of final HO slices.Two schemes are used to evaluate the composition variations in this system.Ray casting is utilized to render the HO volumetric dataset with the property of transparency.
On-wafer large signal pulsed measurements (2003)

The authors present an on-wafer fully automated pulse-measurement system for automatically extracting the characteristics of the nonlinear current generators of a field-effect transistor (FET) as a function of the gate-to-source and drain-to-source voltages. Measurements performed for different DC and pulse width voltage conditions make it possible to extract accurate nonlinear FET models and analyze the trapping and temperature effects. The three key components of the system are the power-pulse generator, which delivers drain pulses without distortion, the microwave absorbers, which eliminate possible high-frequency oscillations, and the associated software programmed in Pascal, which controls the instruments, processes a large number of data, fits the measured data to analytical expressions, and displays the results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>