gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Steady-state transmission through networks containing periodically operated switches (1955)

THE GENERAL problem of transmitting signals through linear systems in which one or more parameters vary periodically with time has an extensive literature. One widely used method is based on Fourier series representation of the varying parameters. This leads to an infinite number of simultaneous linear equations expressing the relations between the coefficients in the corresponding Fourier series representation of the steady-state response. The solution of the equations can be expressed in terms of determinants of infinite order which in turn can be evaluated by various approximation techniques. In practical cases it is often permissible to neglect all but a few dominant components; the number of equations is thereby made finite and reasonably small.
Introduction (2007)

Abstract This introductory chapter discusses neurons, neurons in a network, synaptic modification, long-term potentiation and long-term depression, and distributed representations. It also details the fine structure of the cerebral neocortex.
The matrikine N-α-PGP couples extracellular matrix fragmentation to endothelial permeability (2015)

The compartmentalization and transport of proteins and solutes across the endothelium is a critical biologic function altered during inflammation and disease, leading to pathology in multiple disorders. The impact of tissue damage and subsequent extracellular matrix (ECM) fragmentation in regulating this process is unknown. We demonstrate that the collagen-derived matrikine acetylated proline-glycine-proline (N-α-PGP) serves as a critical regulator of endothelial permeability. N-α-PGP activates human endothelial cells via CXC-chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), triggering monolayer permeability through a discrete intracellular signaling pathway. In vivo, N-α-PGP induces local vascular leak after subcutaneous administration and pulmonary vascular permeability after systemic administration. Furthermore, neutralization of N-α-PGP attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung leak. Finally, we demonstrate that plasma from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induces VE-cadherin phosphorylation in human endothelial cells, and this activation is attenuated by N-α-PGP blockade with a concomitant improvement in endothelial monolayer impedance. These results identify N-α-PGP as a novel ECM-derived matrikine regulating paracellular permeability during inflammatory disease and demonstrate the potential to target this ligand in various disorders characterized by excessive matrix turnover and vascular leak such as ARDS.
Blood Plasma IgG Fc Glycans are Significantly Altered in Alzheimer's Disease and Progressive Mild Cognitive Impairment (2013)

Blood-based anti-amyloid-β (Aβ) immunoglobulins (IgGs) and peripheral inflammation are factors correlating with development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). IgG functionality can drastically change from anti- to pro-inflammatory via alterations in the IgG-Fc N-glycan structure. Herein, we tested if IgG-Fc glycosylation in plasma is indeed altered during the development of AD. Samples from age-matched subjects of 23 controls, 58 patients with stable mild cognitive impairment (SMCI), 34 patients with progressive (P)MCI, and 31 patients with AD were investigated. Label-free shotgun proteomics was applied without glycoprotein enrichment. Glycans on peptides EEQYNSTYR (IgG1) and EEQFNSTFR (IgG2) were quantified, and their abundances were normalized to total IgGn glycoform abundance. Univariate and multivariate statistics were employed to investigate the correlations between the patients groups and the abundances of the IgG glycoforms as well as those of inflammatory mediating proteins. Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) were found, with a lower abundance of complex galactosylated and sialylated forms in AD. For females, a decline in glycoform complexity correlated with disease progress but an inverse change was found in males prior to the onset of AD. Principal component analysis (PCA; Males: R(2)X(cum) = 0.65, Q(2)(cum) = 0.34; Females: R(2)X(cum) = 0.62, Q(2)(cum) = 0.36), confirmed the gender similarities (for controls, SMCI and AD) as well as differences (for PMCI), and showed a close correlation between pro-inflammatory protein markers, AD, female PMCI, and truncated IgG-Fc glycans. The differences observed between genders prior to the onset of AD may indicate a lower ability in females to suppress peripheral inflammation, which may lead to exacerbated disease progression.
Non-Malleable Extractors for Entropy Rate <1/2 (2011)

Dodis and Wichs [DW09] introduced the notion of a non-malleable extractor to study the problem of privacy amplification with an active adversary. A non-malleable extractor is a much stronger version of a strong extractor. Given a weakly-random string x and a uniformly random seed y as the inputs, the non-malleable extractor nmExt has the property that nmExt(x, y) appears uniform even given y as well as nmExt(x,A(y)), for an arbitrary function A with A(y) 6= y. Dodis and Wichs showed that such an object can be used to give optimal privacy amplification protocols with an active adversary. Previously, there are only two known explicit constructions of non-malleable extractors [DLWZ11, CRS11]. Both constructions only work for (n, k)-sources with k > n/2 and thus they also only achieve optimal privacy amplification protocols for k > n/2. In this paper, we give the first construction of non-malleable extractors for k 0, and a conditional construction that can potentially achieve k = αn for any constant α > 0. Using our non-malleable extractor, we also obtain the first optimal privacy amplification protocol for min-entropy k = (1/2 − δ)n, with an active adversary. Our constructions mainly use the bilinear property of the inner product function, and involve appropriate encodings of the seed y as well as ideas from additive combinatorics. ∗Partially supported by NSF Grants CCF-0634811, CCF-0916160, THECB ARP Grant 003658-0113-2007, and a Simons postdoctoral fellowship. ISSN 1433-8092 Electronic Colloquium on Computational Complexity, Report No. 166 (2011)
SLA-driven predictive orchestration for distributed cloud-based mobile services (2013)

We describe a system for performing SLA-driven management and orchestration of distributed infrastructures composed of services supporting mobile computing use cases. In particular, we focus on a Follow-Me Cloud scenario in which we consider mobile users accessing cloud-enable services. We combine a SLA-driven approach to infrastructure optimization, with forecast-based performance degradation preventive actions and pattern detection for supporting mobile cloud infrastructure management. We present our system's information model and architecture including the algorithmic support and the proposed scenarios for system evaluation.
Running Dry (2013)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTRunning DryView Author Information C&EN LondonCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2013, 91, 29, 10–15Publication Date (Print):July 22, 2013Publication History Published online31 March 2014Published inissue 22 July 2013https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09129-coverCopyright © 2013 Chemical & Engineering NewsArticle Views16Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) SUBJECTS:Aquifers Get e-Alerts
O-TRENSOX: A Promising Water-Soluble Iron Chelator (Both FeIII and FeII) Potentially Suitable for Plant Nutrition and Iron Chelation Therapy (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTO-TRENSOX: A Promising Water-Soluble Iron Chelator (Both FeIII and FeII) Potentially Suitable for Plant Nutrition and Iron Chelation TherapyPaul Baret, Claude G. Beguin, H. Boukhalfa, Catherine Caris, Jean-Pierre Laulhere, Jean-Louis Pierre, and Guy SerratriceCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 38, 9760–9761Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00143a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00143a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views461Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Central leptin modulates behavioral and neural responsivity to CCK (1999)

The mechanisms through which leptin, the protein product of the ob gene, affects food intake remain to be determined. To assess whether the actions of leptin depend on modulation of within-meal satiety signals, we measured the effect of third ventricular leptin administration on the satiety actions of CCK. Leptin (10 micrograms) administered 1 h before 30-min access to a liquid diet had no effect on intake when administered alone, but doses of 3.5 or 10 micrograms dose dependently increased the suppression of intake produced by 1 nmol/kg CCK. Examination of patterns of c-Fos activation induced by 3.5 micrograms leptin and 1 nmol/kg CCK revealed that the combination produced significant c-Fos activation within the area postrema and the caudal and medial nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) compared with either leptin or CCK treatments alone. The leptin-CCK combination also resulted in increased c-Fos activation within the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus above that produced by leptin alone. These data suggest that the actions of leptin in food intake are mediated through its ability to modulate responsivity to within-meal satiety signals.
Optical dispersion monitoring technique using double sideband subcarriers (2000)

A technique for measuring the accumulated dispersion affecting a digital optical signal without recovering the baseband was developed and experimentally demonstrated. This technique allows measurement of the accumulated dispersion independently of the data origin and transport history. The technique employs an amplitude-modulated double-sideband subcarrier applied to the signal at the transmitter and monitored at an arbitrary point in a link or network using a novel suppressed-sideband optical-tap technique. The phase difference between the upper and lower sidebands of the subcarrier signal is measured and used to compute the dispersion. A combined coarse and fine measurement realizes high accuracy and large dynamic-range dispersion monitoring.
A Fast and Stable Incremental Clustering Algorithm (2010)

Clustering is a pivotal building block in many data mining applications and in machine learning in general. Most clustering algorithms in the literature pertain to off-line (or batch) processing, in which the clustering process repeatedly sweeps through a set of data samples in an attempt to capture its underlying structure in a compact and efficient way. However, many recent applications require that the clustering algorithm be online, or incremental, in the that there is no a priori set of samples to process but rather samples are provided one iteration at a time. Accordingly, the clustering algorithm is expected to gradually improve its prototype (or centroid) constructs. Several problems emerge in this context, particularly relating to the stability of the process and its speed of convergence. In this paper, we present a fast and stable incremental clustering algorithm, which is computationally modest and imposes minimal memory requirements. Simulation results clearly demonstrate the advantages of the proposed framework in a variety of practical scenarios.
TESTS AND ANALYSIS OF THE LOCALIZED RESPONSE OF SLURRY INFILTRATED FIBER CONCRETE (SIFCON) AND CONVENTIONAL REINFORCED CONCRETE (CRC) SUBJECTED TO BLAST AND FRAGMENT LOADING (1988)

Analysis and tests of locally and dynamically loaded CRC and SIFCON structuram panels were tested under simultaneous blast and fragment loading environments. The response of the panels indicate the inherent difference in shock resistance of the construction materials. The absence of ductility in the SIFCON response raises questions as to its applicability in severe loading environments.
A model of multiplicative neural responses in parietal cortex. (1996)

Visual responses of neurons in parietal area 7a are modulated by a combined eye and head position signal in a multiplicative manner. Neurons with multiplicative responses can act as powerful computational elements in neural networks. In the case of parietal cortex, multiplicative gain modulation appears to play a crucial role in the transformation of object locations from retinal to body-centered coordinates. It has proven difficult to uncover single-neuron mechanisms that account for neuronal multiplication. Here we show that multiplicative responses can arise in a network model through population effects. Specifically, neurons in a recurrently connected network with excitatory connections between similarly tuned neurons and inhibitory connections between differently tuned neurons can perform a product operation on additive synaptic inputs. The results suggest that parietal responses may be based on this architecture.
Authentic Versus Counterfeit Image Classification after Re-Sampling and Compression (2010)

Image-based applications such as inspection, quality assurance, print quality assessment, and authentication are often bandwidth limited, and benefit from image down-sampling or compression. Often the down-sampling or compression strategy is selected without considering the impact on the functional goal of the imaging task. In this paper, we use a specific "functional" imaging application–the distinction between images of authentic products and counterfeit products–to assess the impact of down-sampling and compression on the classification accuracy of the counterfeit detection imaging software. Our samples are originally scanned at high resolution (600 dots/in, or dpi) and then down-sampled to as little as 10 ppi (continuous tone pixels/in). JPEG compression to 2% and 1% of the original image size were performed separately or in combination with the various down-sampling factors. A simple Gaussian classifier was used throughout. We found that improved classification accuracy was obtained even for samples compressed or down-sampled by more than 99%. The implications of these findings for improved inspection results, authentication accuracy and counterfeit detection are then discussed.
Temperature dependence of divalent cation induced fusion of phosphatidylserine liposomes: evaluation of the kinetic rate constants (1985)

The effect of temperature and divalent cation binding (Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+) on the kinetic rate constants of aggregation and fusion of large phosphatidylserine liposomes is measured for the first time. Fusion is monitored by the Tb3+/dipicolinate assay. Fusion rate constants increase with temperature (15-35 degrees C) in a roughly linear fashion. These rate constants are not otherwise sensitive to whether the temperature is above or below the phase transition temperature of the Ba2+ or Sr2+ complex of phosphatidylserine, as measured by differential scanning calorimetry. Hence, the isothermal transition of the acyl chains from liquid-crystalline to gel phase induced by the cations is not the driving force of the initial fusion event. The aggregation rate constants increase with temperature, and it is the temperature dependence of the energetics of close approach of the liposomes which underlies this increase. On the other hand, the aggregation becomes more reversible at higher temperatures, which has also been observed with monovalent cation induced liposome aggregation where there is no fusion. Calculations on several cases show that the potential energy minimum holding the liposome dimer aggregates together is approximately 5-6 kT deep. This result implies that the aggregation step is highly reversible; i.e., if fusion were not occurring, no stable aggregates would form.
Fabrication of a Full‐Coverage Polymer Nanobrush on an Electron‐Beam‐Activated Template (2008)

Smart writing by electrons: A new technique enables the fabrication of full-coverage polymer brush patterns of variable shape on a nanometer length scale. The key to this technique is electron-beam activation of amino groups, which serve as the nucleation centers for surface-initiated polymerization. The technique untangles chemistry and morphology, and it is possible to monitor only morphology effects on chemically homogeneous surfaces and interfaces. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The simulation and assessment of network performance based on confidence interval (2011)

In view of simulation result degree of confidence based on the NS2 network performance, proposed a new approach based on confidence interval, and through the analysis of an actual system and the simulation model, showed the simulation results are credible under the high confidence level, has provided a beneficial reference for the degree of simulation confidence research.
A Gum‐Like Lithium‐Ion Battery Based on a Novel Arched Structure (2015)

Stretchable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) consisting of an arch structure and a stretchable anode and cathode are developed using a general strategy. The LIB maintains a remarkable and stable electrochemical performance after hundreds of stretching cycles at a strain of 400%. Compared with other stretchable LIBs, which stretch at the device level, but whose components (electrodes) remain rigid, the component-level stretchability is here the design key to the LIB's highly stable performance.
New insights and perspectives into biological materials for flexible electronics (2017)

Biological materials have robust hierarchical structures capable of specialized functions and the incorporation of natural biologically active components, which have been finely tuned through millions of years of evolution. These highly efficient architectural designs afford remarkable transport and mechanical properties, which render them attractive candidates for flexible electronic sensing technologies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental aspects and applications of biological materials for flexible electronic devices and discusses various classes of biological materials by describing their unique structures and functions. We discuss the effect of the biological activity of biological materials on the improved properties in detail, because this effect overcomes the limited bioavailability and restricted morphology of materials generally encountered in traditional flexible electronic devices. We also summarize various approaches for the design and functionalization of natural materials and their applications in flexible electronic devices for use in biomedical, electron, energy, environmental and optical fields. Finally, we provide new insights and perspectives to further describe trends for future generations of biological materials, which are likely to be critical components (building blocks or elements) in future flexible electronics.
AppInsight (2012)

In this paper we present AppInsight, a visualization tool that enables users to reminisce on their computer usage history and derive meaningful insights about behaviors and trends. Human memory has the ability to re-experience episodes from our lives when supplied with suitable contextual cues, such as places, music, and so on. We explore a small set of properties, such as the application's name, URL and window title as contextual cues, in order to characterize the users' activity on their personal computers and how it evolves over time. Our user study shows that users enjoyed viewing their computer usage history and were able to both recall past events and introspect about their lives. Moreover, one of the most surprising outcomes is that they found several different applications for our tool, such as improving usage behaviors, controlling productivity, generating activity reports, and monitoring users in psychological studies. Finally, we discuss some lessons learned from our study and propose future research directions.
LEM1, an ATP-binding-cassette transporter, selectively modulates the biological potency of steroid hormones. (1995)

The rat glucocorticoid receptor confers hormone-dependent transcriptional enhancement when expressed in yeast, thereby enabling the genetic identification of nonreceptor proteins that function in the hormone signal-transduction pathway. We isolated a yeast mutant, lem1, with increased sensitivity to dexamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide; responsiveness to a third agonist, deoxycorticosterone, is unaffected. Cloning of wild-type LEM1 revealed a putative transport protein of the ATP-binding cassette family. Dexamethasone accumulation is increased in lem1 cells, suggesting that wild-type LEM1 decreases dexamethasone potency by exporting this ligand. LEM1 appears to affect certain steroids and not others. We propose that transporters like LEM1 can selectively modulate the intracellular levels of steroid hormones. Differential activities of such transporters in mammalian cells might regulate hormone availability and thereby hormone signaling in a cell-type specific manner.
Rapid decrease of wild-type hepatitis C virus on telaprevir treatment (2008)

These results suggested that TVR-based regimens for chronic HCV infection will lead to an early and more rapid viral decrease that could potentially result in higher sustained viral response rates as well as offer the potential for a reduced duration of treatment.