gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural Requirements for Leukotriene CysLT1 Receptor Ligands (1997)

Leukotriene CysLT 1 receptor antagonists (also known as LfD4 antagonists) are among the most promising antiasthmatic agents currently under investigation. For the last 20 years there are many thousands of compounds prepared as CysLT 1 receptor antagonists and several of them have advanced to the clinical practice. The diverse chemical structures of CysLT 1 antagonists pose considerable difficulty in the identification of structural determinants for their activity. This review summarizes the structural modifications within each individual class of compounds and derives the general structural requirements for CysLT 1 antagonistic activity. Computer-aided rational design of CysL T 1 antagonists have been thoroughly analyzed and a new pharmacophoric model is presented to accommodate almost all SAR data experimentally observed. Since a stable and selective CysLT 1 receptor agonist would be a very useful pharmacological tool, especially for the characterization of receptor subtypes, the SARs of CysLT 1 agonists have also been discussed in the present paper. These information are also important for the understanding of ligand recognition of the CysLT 1 receptor.
λ/4 Resonance of an Optical Monopole Antenna Probed by Single Molecule Fluorescence (2006)

We present a resonant optical nanoantenna positioned at the end of a metal-coated glass fiber near-field probe. Antenna resonances, excitation conditions, and field localization are directly probed in the near field by single fluorescent molecules and compared to finite integration technique simulations. It is shown that the antenna is equivalent to its radio frequency analogue, the monopole antenna. For the right antenna length and local excitation conditions, antenna resonances occur that lead to an enhanced localized field near the antenna apex. Direct mapping of this field with single fluorescent molecules reveals a spatial localization of 25 nm, demonstrating the importance of such antennas for nanometer resolution optical microscopy.
The automatic acquisition of proof methods (1988)

The SHUNYATA program constructs proof methods by analyzing proofs of simple theorems in mathematical theories such as group theory and uses these methods to form proofs of new theorems in the same or in other theories. Such methods are capable of generating proofs of theorems whose complexity represents the state of the art in automated theorem proving. They are composed of elementary functions such as the union of sets and the subset relation. Elementary knowledge about these functions such as descriptions of their domains and their ranges forms the basis of the method acquisition processes. These processes are controlled genetically, which means that SHUNYATA, starting from scratch, constructs a sequence of more and more powerful partial methods each of which forms the basis for the construction of its successor until a complete method is generated.
NF-TCP: Network Friendly TCP (2010)

Delay-insensitive applications such as P2P file sharing, data center backups and software updates generate substantial amounts of traffic. This traffic, transported potentially over multiple TCP connections, competes with traffic from other possibly interactive applications. Today, with TCP, they compete on an equal level for each individual connection. In this paper, we propose a new TCP variant for such delay-insensitive applications, which we call Network Friendly TCP (NF-TCP). NF-TCP is responsive to available bandwidth, seeking to quickly and efficiently utilize the same in a congestion-free situation, while backing-off more aggressively than standard TCP on encountering competing traffic in a congested network. NF-TCP uses a novel combination of utilizing measurement of available bandwidth and ECN-based congestion avoidance techniques to ensure that it is truly friendly to existing TCP connections. We evaluate the performance of NF-TCP through ns-2 simulations and present the initial results enlightening the friendly nature of NF-TCP compared to standard TCP.
Aspartate modulates the ethanol-induced oxidative stress and glutathione utilizing enzymes in rat testes. (2002)

In order to develop a preventive strategy against ethanol-induced oxidative damages on various tissues and organs, we have examined the protective effect of aspartate on the pathogenesis of testes in the ethanol treated animals. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were given ethanol in an amount of 36% of total calories via Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet for 6 weeks without or with aspartate (2 mM in the diet). The control group was pair-fed the diet containing isocaloric dextrin-maltose instead of ethanol. The pathogenesis of testes at post- 6 weeks of experiments were carried out by histochemistry and biochemical parameters for oxidative stress such as the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the activities of glutathione utilizing enzymes were also examined. Chronic ethanol administration resulted in the increased amount of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the testes, which was significantly lessened by concurrent aspartate treatment (p < 0.05). In addition to this, liver function test indicated by alkaline phosphatase activity in serum showed that the ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity was significantly ameliorated by aspartate administration. And the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione transferase in testis cytosol were decreased in the ethanol treated rats (p < 0.01 and < 0.005, respectively). These data suggest that aspartate may attenuate the ethanol-induced oxidative tissue damage in rat testes possibly through a redox-related protective effect on peroxidation.
Image Feature Localization by Multiple Hypothesis Testing of Gabor Features (2008)

Several novel and particularly successful object and object category detection and recognition methods based on image features, local descriptions of object appearance, have recently been proposed. The methods are based on a localization of image features and a spatial constellation search over the localized features. The accuracy and reliability of the methods depend on the success of both tasks: image feature localization and spatial constellation model search. In this paper, we present an improved algorithm for image feature localization. The method is based on complex-valued multi resolution Gabor features and their ranking using multiple hypothesis testing. The algorithm provides very accurate local image features over arbitrary scale and rotation. We discuss in detail issues such as selection of filter parameters, confidence measure, and the magnitude versus complex representation, and show on a large test sample how these influence the performance. The versatility and accuracy of the method is demonstrated on two profoundly different challenging problems (faces and license plates).
Treatment options for restless legs syndrome (2009)

Extensive data are available for levodopa and dopamine agonists, especially for pramipexole and ropinirole. Pharmacological treatment should be limited to those patients who suffer from clinically relevant RLS with impaired sleep quality or quality of life. A treatment on demand is a clinical need in RLS cases that present intermittent symptoms.
Streptomyces infection in Cushing syndrome: A case report and literature review (2014)

Streptomyces are saprophytic soil organisms rarely known to cause invasive infections. Streptomyces is the largest genus, producing antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic drugs. The case was a 24-year-old man, admitted for sudden dyspnea, fever and sputum and decreased sound in the left lung. The chest X-ray showed hydropneumothorax. After chest tube insertion, lung expansion did not happen. Pleural effusion was exudative with gram-positive bacillus and Streptomyces in culture. Owing to symptoms of Cushing in history, examination and laboratory work-up for Cushing was done and finally he underwent bilateral adrenalectomy. The patient was on antibiotic broad spectrum antibiotic and then was changed to antibiotic as organism was sensitive to and discharged with clarithromycin for 6 months. Streptomyces happens in immunodeficient patient. Diagnosis is based on culture and contamination was ruled out. Treatment period is longer for patients owing to slow growing nature.
595. The reactions of some aminosilanes and disiazanes with di-sulphur dichloride, sulphur dichloride, thionyl chloride, sulphuryl chloride, and sulphonyl chlorides (1964)

E. W. Abel and D. A. Armitage, J. Chem. Soc., 1964, 3122 DOI: 10.1039/JR9640003122
Evaluation of Early Osteochondral Defect Repair in a Rabbit Model Utilizing Fourier Transform–Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Quantitative T2 Mapping (2009)

There was no significant difference in volume of repair tissue at either time point. At 6 weeks, placebo repair tissue demonstrated longer T2 values (p < 0.01) than TP-508 did. Although both placebo and TP-508 repair tissue demonstrated longer T2 values than adjacent normal cartilage did, the 6-week T2 values of the TP-508 specimens were closer to those of the adjacent normal cartilage than were the placebo values. FT-IRIS analysis demonstrated a significant increase in collagen content, integrity, and PG content of the TP-508 repair tissue from 3 to 6 weeks (p < or = 0.05). In addition, the collagen and PG content of the TP-508 samples were closer to normal cartilage at 3 weeks than were the placebo samples. Further, there was a significant inverse correlation between the T2 relaxation values and collagen orientation in the normal cartilage. However, there were no significant correlations between T2 relaxation values and any FT-IRIS parameter in the repair tissue. Together, the data demonstrate that MRI and FT-IRIS assessment of cartilage repair tissue provide molecular information that furthers understanding of the cartilage repair process.
A MODEL FOR PREDICTING HEAT TRANSFER TO A TURBULENT FALLING FILM (1990)

A modified form of Carey'ls method for predicting the heat transfer to a turbulent falling film is presented. The new model is successfully tested against experimental data as well as other models. This method utilizes an optimization technique along with the Rombcrg integration to determine two universal constants for the modified turbulent diffusivisity model. The results show that in spite of its relative simplicity, the new model is a fairly accurate one, having an overall average error of less than 9%.
Optic disc changes in glaucoma. (1972)

Sir William Mackenzie (I835) was the first to describe
Thermal energy storage by agitated capsules of phase change material. 1. Pilot scale experiments (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal energy storage by agitated capsules of phase change material. 1. Pilot scale experimentsZeki Z Sozen, John R. Grace, and Kenneth L. PinderCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27, 4, 679–684Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00076a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00076a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views291Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A first-order model of thermal lensing of laser propagation in the eye and implications for laser safety (2005)

Many medical studies have investigated the safety threshold of ocular media at various wavelengths. Understanding and determining the damage threshold of laser exposure to the retina is important in order to set safety guidelines. A phenomenon known as thermal lensing where a media’s index of refraction changes as the laser energy is absorbed causes the beam profile and subsequently the position of the focal point of the beam to change as the temperature changes within the media. These changes in ocular media such as vitreous and aqueous humor, the cornea, crystalline lens, and retina all result in a slight change in the beam profile making the prediction of the focal point and laser spot size at the retina difficult to accurately predict. This paper describes how the effects of thermal lensing in the eye can be investigated to aid in determining the damage threshold for pulse durations of a few nanoseconds and continuous wave, CW, laser irradiation delivered to the retina and the relationship of how the damage is related to multiple pulse exposures. We present a first-order modeling effort for the thermal lensing effect in the eye along with initial estimates of impact on damage thresholds as predicted through computational biophysics thermal damage models.
Controlling the Inhibition of the Sarcoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase by Tuning Phospholamban Structural Dynamics (2007)

Cardiac contraction and relaxation are regulated by conformational transitions of protein complexes that are responsible for calcium trafficking through cell membranes. Central to the muscle relaxation phase is a dynamic membrane protein complex formed by Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) and phospholamban (PLN), which in humans is responsible for approximately 70% of the calcium re-uptake in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Dysfunction in this regulatory mechanism causes severe pathophysiologies. In this report, we used a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance, and coupled enzyme assays to investigate how single mutations at position 21 of PLN affects its structural dynamics and, in turn, its interaction with SERCA. We found that it is possible to control the activity of SERCA by tuning PLN structural dynamics. Both increased rigidity and mobility of the PLN backbone cause a reduction of SERCA inhibition, affecting calcium transport. Although the more rigid, loss-of-function (LOF) mutants have lower binding affinities for SERCA, the more dynamic LOF mutants have binding affinities similar to that of PLN. Here, we demonstrate that it is possible to harness this knowledge to design new LOF mutants with activity similar to S16E (a mutant already used in gene therapy) for possible application in recombinant gene therapy. As proof of concept, we show a new mutant of PLN, P21G, with improved LOF characteristics in vitro.
Public standards and patients' control: how to keep electronic medical records accessible but private Commentary: Open approaches to electronic patient records Commentary: A patient's viewpoint (2001)

A patient's medical records are generally fragmented across multiple treatment sites, posing an obstacle to clinical care, research, and public health efforts. 1 Electronic medical records and the internet provide a technical infrastructure on which to build longitudinal medical records that can be integrated across sites of care. Choices about the structure and ownership of these records will have profound impact on the accessibility and privacy of patient information. Already, alarming trends are apparent as proprietary online medical record systems are developed and deployed. The technology promising to unify the currently disparate pieces of a patient's medical record may actually threaten the accessibility of the information and compromise patients' privacy. We describe how such systems could be developed and used clinically.
Study on the Substitution and Moisture-Retention Capacity of Carboxymethyl Chitosan (2001)

A series of N,O carboxymethylchitosan(CM chitosan) were prepared. The position and degree of substitution were determined by potentiometric titration, IR and 13 C NMR . The results indicated that the degree of substitution of the compounds increased significantly with decrease of molecular weight of chitosan and the carboxymethylation reactivity decreased in the order OH 6OH 3NH 2. The moisture absorption and moisture retention properties of CM chitosans and moisture retention properties of CM chitosans were found quite similar to those of hyaluronic acid. The moisture absorbability increased with increasing in molecular weight and moisture retention capacity of CM chitosas with the degree of substitution. The CM chitosans with molecular weight from 0 56×10 4 to 8 6×10 4 and degree of substitution greater than 1 0 had better moisture absorption moisture retention capacity than hyaluronic acid.
Sequence-level comparative analysis of the<i>Brassica napus</i>genome around two stearoyl-ACP desaturase loci (2009)

We conducted a sequence-level comparative analyses, at the scale of complete bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones, between the genome of the most economically important Brassica species, Brassica napus (oilseed rape), and those of Brassica rapa, the genome of which is currently being sequenced, and Arabidopsis thaliana. We constructed a new B. napus BAC library and identified and sequenced clones that contain homoeologous regions of the genome including stearoyl-ACP desaturase-encoding genes. We sequenced the orthologous region of the genome of B. rapa and conducted comparative analyses between the Brassica sequences and those of the orthologous region of the genome of A. thaliana. The proportion of genes conserved (approximately 56%) is lower than has been reported previously between A. thaliana and Brassica (approximately 66%). The gene models for sets of conserved genes were used to determine the extent of nucleotide conservation of coding regions. This was found to be 84.2 +/- 3.9% and 85.8 +/- 3.7% between the B. napus A and C genomes, respectively, and that of A. thaliana, which is consistent with previous results for other Brassica species, and 97.5 +/- 3.1% between the B. napus A genome and B. rapa, and 93.1 +/- 4.9% between the B. napus C genome and B. rapa. The divergence of the B. napus genes from the A genome and the B. rapa genes was greater than anticipated and indicates that the A genome ancestor of the B. napus cultivar studied was relatively distantly related to the cultivar of B. rapa selected for genome sequencing.
Isoforms of apolipoprotein E can modulate TPA-induced clot lysis in vitro (2002)

Apo E, and its respective isoforms, have been linked to outcome and survival in cerebral vascular and cardiovascular diseases. The effectiveness of intravenous tPA in patients with acute ischemic stroke appears to be enhanced in patients who have an Apo E2 phenotype. The ability of Apo E isoproteins (endogenous Apo E isoproteins or exogenous Apo E isoproteins) to modulate tPA-induced clot lysis in vitro was assessed using an in vitro clot assay system. Blood samples were obtained from 18-volunteers with three Apo E genotypes: E2, E3 and E4. tPA-induced clot lysis (0-4 µg/ml tPA), was assessed in the presence or absence of supplemental Apo E2, E3 or E4 (9.8 µg/ml). tPA-induced clot lysis was significantly (P ≤ 0.0001) enhanced by supplementation with Apo E2 (EC50 0.20±0.06 µg/ml) as compared to tPA alone (0.72±0.19). Apo E4 supplementation caused a significant (P ≤ 0.05) inhibition of clot lysis (0.98±0.23), but there was no significant change caused by Apo E3. The genotype of the volunteer did not significantly affect the ability of the supplemental Apo E from modulating tPA-induced clot lysis. We conclude that the administration of Apo E isoproteins can modulate clot lysis in vitro. Our results suggest that the Apo E isoprotein may have an impact on clot dissolution and the effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy.
The immune response to soluble D10 TCR: analysis of antibody and T cell responses (1998)

In order to evaluate the potential of TCR as vaccines for immunomodulation, the immunogenicity of soluble versions of D10 TCR has been investigated in mice. Soluble D10 TCR containing the extracellular domains were produced either as dual chain (dc) TCR lacking transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions or as a TCR-IgG1 chimeric protein. Soluble single chain (sc) D10 TCR contained only the Valpha and Vbeta segments joined by a peptide linker. Syngeneic D10 dcTCR or D10 TCR-IgG1 immunizations of AKR mice induced antibody responses to D10 clonotypic epitopes and to constant region epitopes that are not exposed on D10 cells. Only clonotypic antibodies were produced after D10 scTCR immunizations. Immunization of AKR mice with D10 dcTCR and D10 TCR-IgG1 primed I-Ak- and I-Ek-restricted CD4+ T cells recognizing constant region epitopes, but there was no detectable response to the variable region. Comparison of the in vitro proliferative responses of CD4+ T cells from D10 scTCR-primed H-2 congenic mice revealed that H-2u was a responder haplotype for the variable region. How the immunogenicity of particular regions of the TCR appears to be shaped by tolerance induction in vivo and the implications for immunotherapy with soluble TCR vaccinations are discussed.
Investigation of the adsorption configuration of polyethylene oxide and its copolymers with polypropylene oxide on model polystyrene latex dispersions (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInvestigation of the adsorption configuration of polyethylene oxide and its copolymers with polypropylene oxide on model polystyrene latex dispersionsJames A. Baker and John C. BergCite this: Langmuir 1988, 4, 4, 1055–1061Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00082a042https://doi.org/10.1021/la00082a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views517Altmetric-Citations103LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts