gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Choleretic Activity of Artemisia Plants (1984)

The effects of water extracts of ten Artemisia plants [1, A. japonica THUNB. (spike, leaf) ; 2, A. apiacea HANCE (spike, leaf) ; 3, A. annua L. (spike, leaf) ; 4, A. princeps PAMP. (spike, leaf) ; 5, A. capillaris THUNB. (spike, leaf) ; 6, A. iwayomogi KITAM. (spike, leaf) ; 7, A. keiskeana MIQ. (spike) ; 8, A. feddei LAV. et VAN. (spike) ; 9, A. stolonifera (MAXIM.) KOMAR. (spike) ; 10, A. stelleriana BESS. (spike)] on bile flow, and biliary secretion of bile acids, cholesterol and phospholipids were examined in Wistar rats. Most of these extracts increased bile flow in 30 min after administration, and 1 (leaf) did after 30 min. The increased bile flow in 2 (spike), 3 (spike), 5 (spike), 6 (spike, leaf) and 7 (spike) gradually decreased thereafter, but that in 1 (leaf), 3 (leaf), 4 (spike, leaf), 5 (leaf), 8 (spike) and 9 (spike) remained at higher levels even in 120 or 150 min. Biliary secretion of bile acids, cholesterol and phospholipids decreased after administration of most of these extracts. These changes were not related to those in the bile flow.
Trends in the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in Asians Versus Whites (2011)

Compared with their white counterparts, Asian Americans have a significantly higher risk for type 2 diabetes, despite having substantially lower BMI. Additional investigation of this disparity is warranted, with the aim of tailoring optimal diabetes prevention strategies to Asian Americans.
Syndromic craniosynostosis: from history to hydrogen bonds (2007)

The syndromic craniosynostoses, usually involving multiple sutures, are hereditary forms of craniosynostosis associated with extracranial phenotypes such as limb, cardiac, CNS and tracheal malformations. The genetic etiology of syndromic craniosynostosis in humans is only partially understood. Syndromic synostosis has been found to be associated with mutations of the fibroblast growth factor receptor family (FGFR1, -R2, -R3), TWIST1, MSX2, and EFNB1. Apert, Pfeiffer, Crouzon, and Jackson-Weiss syndromes are due to gain-of-function mutations of FGFR2 in either the Ig II-III linker region (Apert) or Ig III domain. Loss of function mutations of TWIST1 and gain-of-function mutations of MSX2 lead to Saethre-Chotzen and Boston-type syndromes, respectively. The mutations in Pfeiffer (FGFR1), Muenke (FGFR3), and Apert syndrome (FGFR2) are caused by the same amino acid substitution in a highly conserved region of the Ig II-III linker region of these proteins, which suggests that these receptor tyrosine kinases have an overlapping function in suture biology. In this review we will discuss the historical descriptions, current phenotypes and molecular causes of the more common forms of syndromic craniosynostosis.
Ephrin‐B2 prevents N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor antibody effects on memory and neuroplasticity (2016)

Administration of ephrin-B2 prevents the pathogenic effects of anti-NMDAR encephalitis antibodies on memory and behavior, levels of cell-surface NMDAR, and synaptic plasticity. These findings reveal a strategy beyond immunotherapy to antagonize patients' antibody effects. Ann Neurol 2016;80:388-400.
Adhesion based detection, sorting and enrichment of cells in microfluidic Lab-on-Chip devices (2010)

The detection, isolation and sorting of cells are important tools in both clinical diagnostics and fundamental research. Advances in microfluidic cell sorting devices have enabled scientists to attain improved separation with comparative ease and considerable time savings. Despite the great potential of Lab-on-Chip cell sorting devices for targeting cells with desired specificity and selectivity, this field of research remains unexploited. The challenge resides in the detection techniques which has to be specific, fast, cost-effective, and implementable within the fabrication limitations of microchips. Adhesion-based microfluidic devices seem to be a reliable solution compared to the sophisticated detection techniques used in other microfluidic cell sorting systems. It provides the specificity in detection, label-free separation without requirement for a preprocessing step, and the possibility of targeting rare cell types. This review elaborates on recent advances in adhesion-based microfluidic devices for sorting, detection and enrichment of different cell lines, with a particular focus on selective adhesion of desired cells on surfaces modified with ligands specific to target cells. The effect of shear stress on cell adhesion in flow conditions is also discussed. Recently published applications of specific adhesive ligands and surface functionalization methods have been presented to further elucidate the advances in cell adhesive microfluidic devices.
Modulated-Shot Migration (2006)

This paper presents a new migration algorithm, which is able to produce p-indexed gathers <br>and a final image equal to that of a shot-record migration at less cost. This algorithm uses shot composition, just as plane-wave migration but by using modulation rather than time delays on the original shots. This allows using only a minimal number of composite shots for the migration.<br>
The Functional Ability of MCI and Alzheimer’s Patients Predicts Caregiver Burden (2019)

Sixty patients and their caregivers participated in this study. Patients completed activities of daily living tasks and several neuropsychological tests assessing memory, abstract reasoning, and language. Caregivers completed self-report measures assessing caregiver burden and psychological distress. Results revealed that the mAD caregivers endorsed greater physical burden and feelings of missing out on life compared to MCI caregivers. The mAD caregivers indicated greater depression and anxiety relative to MCI caregivers. Stepwise regression found that fewer patient neuropsychological scores predicted caregiver burden, as compared to patients' daily functioning. Overall, mAD displayed more severe types of burden and psychological distress relative to MCI caregivers and patients' daily functional abilities better predicated caregivers' burden and psychological distress than patients' neuropsychological functioning.
Mode competition in lasers with homogeneous line broadening (1969)

This paper deals with the general concepts of mode interaction in the case of homogeneous line broadening. A simple analysis of rate equations for the radiation fields of the operating modes based on a somewhat phenomenological picture describes the asymptotic values of the mode intensities. Conditions are deduced in which mode interaction leads to the survival of only the most strongly excited mode, although initially all competing modes are above threshold. It is argued that this theory holds for CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> lasers. As examples we calculate competition between 1) the TEM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">00</inf> and TEM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</inf> mode and 2) two rotational transitions.
Human immunodeficiency virus infection of CD4-bearing cells occurs by a pH-independent mechanism. (1988)

The effect of weak bases (NH4Cl and amantadine) and carboxylic ionophores (monensin) on the infection of CD4 (T4) positive human cell lines by HIV-1 is examined. These reagents, which raise the pH of acidic intracellular organelles, fail to inhibit HIV-1 entry and the events leading to viral protein synthesis at concentrations inhibitory for low pH-dependent fusogenic enveloped viruses. The infectivity of VSV (HIV-1) pseudotypes is unaffected by weak bases at concentrations causing 95% plaque reduction of VSV in its own envelope. HIV-1 dependent cell--cell fusion (syncytium formation) occurs in medium maintained at pH 7.4-7.6, and virions are not irreversibly inactivated by incubation in acid medium. Our results show that HIV-1 entry and membrane fusion do not require exposure to low pH. The production of infectious HIV-1 particles, however, is inhibited in cells treated with NH4Cl.
Improving Drug Discovery From Microorganisms (2007)

Microorganisms remain unrivalled in their ability to produce bioactive small molecules for drug development. However, the core technologies used to discover microbial natural products have not evolved significantly over the past several decades, resulting in a shortage of new drug leads. Advances in DNA-sequencing and bioinformatics technologies now make it possible to rapidly identify the clusters of genes that encode bioactive compounds and to make computer predictions of chemical structure based on gene sequence information. These structure predictions can be used to identify new chemical entities and provide important physicochemical “handles” that guide compound purification and structure confirmation. Industrialization of this process provides a model for improving the efficiency of natural-product discovery. The application of advanced genomics and bioinformatics technologies is now poised to revolutionize natural-product discovery and lead a renaissance of interest in microorganisms as a source of bioactive compounds for drug development.
Model Accuracy for Economic Optimizing Controllers: The Bias Update Case (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModel Accuracy for Economic Optimizing Controllers: The Bias Update CaseJ. Fraser Forbes and Thomas E. MarlinCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 8, 1919–1929Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00032a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views412Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
"Luvina" de Juan Rulfo: la imagen de la desolación (2008)

Este articulo expone en primer lugar y sucintamente las caracteristicas generales de la obra literaria de Juan Rulfo. A continuacion se realiza una introduccion general de su libro de relatos El llano en llamas y finalmente se centra en el estudio del cuento titulado Luvina. Los aspectos abordados en este estudio son los siguientes: La relacion del cuento con la novela Pedro Paramo; el personaje narrador y el narratario; el lugar desde donde se cuenta y, mas detenidamente, el analisis del pueblo que es el verdadero protagonista del relato y que le da titulo. Las caracteristicas principales de ese lugar son la desolacion, la tristeza y el viento que azota inmisericorde a los fantasmales habitantes que lo pueblan.
Supporting region-of-interest cropping through constrained compression (2008)

The ability to create very high-resolution video is becoming relative easy to do today, either through a single high definition video camera or panoramic video stitched from multiple cameras. This means that supporting region-of-interest cropping will become more important in the future. In this paper, we propose a mechanism to support region-of-interest adaptation of stored video. The proposed approach creates a compression compliant stream (e.g., MPEG-2), while still allowing it to be cropped. Using data from a motion-picture industry video camera, we show that the proposed approach, while adding a small amount of overhead, can be used to efficiently crop large resolution video into a smaller stream.
Production of functional probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic ice creams (2010)

In this work, 3 types of ice cream were produced: a probiotic ice cream produced by adding potentially probiotic microorganisms such as Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus rhamnosus; a prebiotic ice cream produced by adding inulin, a prebiotic substrate; and a synbiotic ice cream produced by adding probiotic microorganisms and inulin in combination. In addition to microbial counts, pH, acidity, and physical and functional properties of the ice creams were evaluated. The experimental ice creams preserved the probiotic bacteria and had counts of viable lactic acid bacteria after frozen storage that met the minimum required to achieve probiotic effects. Moreover, most of the ice creams showed good nutritional and sensory properties, with the best results obtained with Lb. casei and 2.5% inulin.
Involvement of COX-2 in VEGF-induced angiogenesis via P38 and JNK pathways in vascular endothelial cells (2005)

COX-2 plays an important role in VEGF-induced angiogenesis via p38 and JNK kinase activation pathways. These findings suggest that the cardioprotective role of COX-2 may be, at least in part, through its angiogenic activity.
Shading in valve's source engine (2006)

Starting with the release of Half-Life 2 in November 2004, Valve has been shipping games based upon its Source game engine. Other Valve titles using this engine include Counter-Strike: Source, Lost Coast, Day of Defeat: Source and the recent Half-Life 2: Episode 1. At the time that Half-Life 2 shipped, the key innovation of the Source engine’s rendering system was a novel world lighting system called Radiosity Normal Mapping. This technique uses a novel basis to economically combine the soft realistic
Rapid Method for Mass-Marking Boll Weevils12 (1980)

The addition of 550 ppm Calco Oil Red N-1700® dye to larval diet marked the ca. 1 million adult Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman that were reared on the diet each week. No significant differences were found in yield of adults, weight, number of eggs per female per day, or percent hatch. Also, there were no significant differences in longevity, sterility, pheromone production, or mating capability of marked and unmarked adults when fed 100 ppm diflubenzuron for 6 days and then exposed to 10 krads of gamma irradiation from a 137Cs source.
Histidine 296 is essential for the catalysis in Lactobacillus plantarum D-lactate dehydrogenase. (1993)

Two His residues, His-205 and His-296, in Lactobacillus plantarum D-lactate dehydrogenase are highly conserved in the D-isomer-specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family, suggesting that they are candidates for the catalytic His in the enzyme. The substitution of His-296 with Tyr by means of site-directed mutagenesis induced a drastic decrease in the reaction rate, while a His-205 to Tyr substitution induced no large change in the catalytic properties. In pyruvate reduction, the Tyr-296 enzyme showed a slightly increased Km below pH 6.0 but no significant pH dependence above pH 6.0, where the wild-type enzyme showed an increased Km value. In D-lactate oxidation, in contrast, the Tyr-296 enzyme showed a greatly increased Km value for D-lactate and strong pH dependence. An additional substitution of His-296 with Gln induced more complete loss of the catalytic activity. In contrast to the Tyr-296 enzyme, the Gln-296 enzyme showed a greatly increased Km value and a strong pH-dependent reaction rate even in pyruvate reduction. Unlike the wild-type or His-205 enzyme, both the Tyr-296 and Gln-296 enzymes showed significant resistance against diethyl pyrocarbonate. These results clearly indicate that His-296 is essential for the catalysis by D-lactate dehydrogenase, as in the case of His-195 in L-lactate dehydrogenase.
LipPass: Lip Reading-based User Authentication on Smartphones Leveraging Acoustic Signals (2018)

To prevent users' privacy from leakage, more and more mobile devices employ biometric-based authentication approaches, such as fingerprint, face recognition, voiceprint authentications, etc., to enhance the privacy protection. However, these approaches are vulnerable to replay attacks. Although state-of-art solutions utilize liveness verification to combat the attacks, existing approaches are sensitive to ambient environments, such as ambient lights and surrounding audible noises. Towards this end, we explore liveness verification of user authentication leveraging users' lip movements, which are robust to noisy environments. In this paper, we propose a lip reading-based user authentication system, LipPass, which extracts unique behavioral characteristics of users' speaking lips leveraging build-in audio devices on smartphones for user authentication. We first investigate Doppler profiles of acoustic signals caused by users' speaking lips, and find that there are unique lip movement patterns for different individuals. To characterize the lip movements, we propose a deep learning-based method to extract efficient features from Doppler profiles, and employ Support Vector Machine and Support Vector Domain Description to construct binary classifiers and spoofer detectors for user identification and spoofer detection, respectively. Afterwards, we develop a binary tree-based authentication approach to accurately identify each individual leveraging these binary classifiers and spoofer detectors with respect to registered users. Through extensive experiments involving 48 volunteers in four real environments, LipPass can achieve 90.21% accuracy in user identification and 93.1% accuracy in spoofer detection.
Object-based coding of stereoscopic and 3D image sequences (1999)

The author begins by discussing what object based coding is and goes on to consider the structure of object based stereoscopic coders. Different techniques for object-based stereoscopic image sequence coding are reviewed. These techniques basically differ in the way they define models and estimate model parameters. We review the various models used for representing motion and structure. Then we review segmentation techniques, and discuss coding of object parameters and image synthesis.
A Novel Algorithm for MFSK Signal Classification (2013)

A new classification algorithm of M-ary FSK signals based on the extraction of signals features is presented in this paper. The implementation of the methodology does not require any apriori information. By extracting some basic features of intermediate frequency signals both in time domain and frequency domain, the classification of M-ary FSK signals is achieved. Simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm can classify 2FSK, 4FSK and 8FSK signals effectively under AWGN and and still keeps a good performance even at low input SNR.
Latrophilin 1 and its endogenous ligand Lasso/teneurin-2 form a high-affinity transsynaptic receptor pair with signaling capabilities (2011)

Latrophilin 1 (LPH1), a neuronal receptor of α-latrotoxin, is implicated in neurotransmitter release and control of presynaptic Ca(2+). As an "adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor," LPH1 can convert cell surface interactions into intracellular signaling. To examine the physiological functions of LPH1, we used LPH1's extracellular domain to purify its endogenous ligand. A single protein of ∼275 kDa was isolated from rat brain and termed Lasso. Peptide sequencing and molecular cloning have shown that Lasso is a splice variant of teneurin-2, a brain-specific orphan cell surface receptor with a function in neuronal pathfinding and synaptogenesis. We show that LPH1 and Lasso interact strongly and specifically. They are always copurified from rat brain extracts. Coculturing cells expressing LPH1 with cells expressing Lasso leads to their mutual attraction and formation of multiple junctions to which both proteins are recruited. Cells expressing LPH1 form chimerical synapses with hippocampal neurons in cocultures; LPH1 and postsynaptic neuronal protein PSD-95 accumulate on opposite sides of these structures. Immunoblotting and immunoelectron microscopy of purified synapses and immunostaining of cultured hippocampal neurons show that LPH1 and Lasso are enriched in synapses; in both systems, LPH1 is presynaptic, whereas Lasso is postsynaptic. A C-terminal fragment of Lasso interacts with LPH1 and induces Ca(2+) signals in presynaptic boutons of hippocampal neurons and in neuroblastoma cells expressing LPH1. Thus, LPH1 and Lasso can form transsynaptic complexes capable of inducing presynaptic Ca(2+) signals, which might affect synaptic functions.
Amplified spontaneous emission in an organic semiconductor multilayer waveguide structure including a highly conductive transparent electrode (2005)

We demonstrate that the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) threshold in multilayer waveguide structures suitable for the use in future organic injection lasers can be drastically reduced by inserting a crosslinked hole transport layer (HTL) between a highly conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and the polymer emission layer. While no ASE is observed when the active layer material is directly spincoated onto the ITO electrode, it can be completely restored upon insertion of a 300-nm-thick HTL. This observation is attributed to reduced attenuation of the waveguided mode enabling the ASE process and is theoretically confirmed by calculations of the mode intensity fraction propagating in the absorptive ITO electrode.
Positive and negative effects of nitric oxide on Ca<sup>2+</sup>sparks: influence of β-adrenergic stimulation (2001)

Nitric oxide (NO) can have a positive or negative effect on cardiac contractility and the ryanodine receptor (RyR). This dual effect has been explained as being dependent on the concentration of NO. We find that cellular RyR response to NO is also dependent on the degree of beta-adrenergic stimulation, and thus the state of protein kinase A activation. Ca(2+) spark frequency (CaSpF) in rat ventricular myocytes was used as an index of resting RyR activity. CaSpF response to beta-adrenergic stimulation was used as an index of protein kinase A activation. High concentration of isoproterenol, a beta-adrenergic agonist, caused a large increase in CaSpF; addition of NO (spermine NONOate, 300 microM) then caused a decrease in CaSpF. Low concentration of isoproterenol produced only a slight increase in CaSpF, but the same NO concentration now caused a large increase in CaSpF. A dual effect was also observed in twitch. Thus the net direction of the effects of NO on RyR activity and Ca(2+) transients (directly or by alteration of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) load) can be reversed, depending on the ambient level of beta-adrenergic activation.
(<i>S</i>)-<i>N</i>-Methyldihydroquinazolinones are the Active Enantiomers of Retro-2 Derived Compounds against Toxins (2013)

This study reports the synthesis, chromatographic separation, and pharmacological evaluation of the two enantiomers of a new compound, named Retro-2.1, active against toxins by inhibiting intracellular trafficking via the retrograde route. The absolute configuration of the bioactive enantiomer has been assigned from X-ray diffraction to the (S)-enantiomer. To date, (S)-Retro-2.1 is the most potent molecule to counteract the cytotoxic potential of ricin and Shiga toxin, with EC50 values of 23 and 54 nM, respectively.
Bulging of Lumbar Intervertebral Disks (1982)

Lateral, posterolateral, posterior, and end plate bulges in the intervertebral disks of 14 fresh human cadaver lumbar motion segments were measured. Loads were applied in compression of up to 800 N; and in right lateral bending, extension, flexion, and torsion of up to 12 Nm. Mean disk bulges up to 2.7 mm were found. Disk bulges differed little after fluid injection or after posterior element removal.