gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance of PVM with the MOSIX preemptive process migration scheme (2002)

With the increased interest in workstation networks for parallel and high performance computing it is necessary to reexamine the use of process migration algorithms, to improve the overall utilization of the system, to achieve high performance and to allow flexible use of idle workstations. Currently, almost all programming environments for parallel systems do not use process migration for task assignments. Instead, a static process assignment is used, with sub-optimal performance, especially when several users execute multiple processes simultaneously. The paper highlights the advantages of a process migration scheme for better utilization of the computing resources as well as to gain substantial speedups in the execution of parallel and multi-tasking applications. The authors executed several CPU and communication bound benchmarks under PVM, a popular programming environment for parallel computing that uses static process assignment. These benchmarks were executed under the MOSIX multicomputer operating system, with and without its preemptive process migration scheme. The results of these benchmarks prove the advantages of using preemptive process migrations. The paper begins with an overview of MOSIX, a multicomputer enhancement of UNIX that supports transparent process migration for load-balancing, and PVM. They then present the performance of the executions of the benchmarks. Their results show that in some cases the improvements in the performance of PVM with the MOSIX process migration can reach tens or even hundreds of percents.
Co-channel demodulation for continuous-phase modulated signals (2002)

Cochannel interference, which occurs when two or more signals share the same spectral and temporal channels, is a major problem in frequency- and time-division multiple access systems. We focus on the development and evaluation of a joint maximum likelihood algorithm for simultaneously detecting two cochannel continuous phase modulated (CPM) signals. Particular attention is given to GMSK, a class of CPM employed in the pan-European cellular communications system.
TWO-PORT STACKED CONTOUR-MODE ALUMINUM NITRIDE PIEZOELECTRIC MICROMECHANICAL RESONATORS (2005)

This paper reports experimental results on a new class of two-port stacked contour-mode aluminum nitride piezoelectric micromechanical resonators that can be used for RF filtering and timing applications. This novel design consists of two layers of thin film AlN, stacked on top of each other and excited in contour mode shapes using the d31 piezoelectric coefficient. Main feature of this design is the ability to reduce parasitic feed through between input and output, while maintaining strong electromechanical coupling.
Threshold laws for four-particle fragmentation (2001)

Breakup of an atomic particle into several charged fragments can be achieved by multiple photoionization or by collision processes. The threshold behavior of fragmentation cross sections is generally described by power laws, ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{fr}}\ensuremath{\sim}{E}^{\ensuremath{\mu}},$ where E is the excess energy above the breakup threshold. We evaluate threshold indices $\ensuremath{\mu}$ for four-fragment breakup of a large number of systems not considered before. All the fragments have different charges and (finite) masses with only one restriction imposed to limit the choice of systems considered: it is presumed that two of the fragments represent identical particles. Some previously suggested threshold laws are revised.
Suppressors of Transforming Growth Factor-β Pathway Mutants in the <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Dauer Formation Pathway (2000)

The dauer is a developmentally arrested alternative third larval stage of Caenorhabditis elegans. Entry into this state is regulated by environmental cues, including temperature, food, and the concentration of constitutively secreted dauer pheromone. Genetically, three parallel pathways have been found that regulate this process. Of these, the group 2 pathway, which includes the genes daf-1, daf-3, daf-4, daf-5, daf-7, daf-8, and daf-14, mediates the transduction of environmental signals through the ASI chemosensory neuron and encodes a TGF-beta-related signaling pathway. To identify additional genes that function in this pathway, we carried out a screen for suppressors of mutations in daf-1, daf-8, and daf-14. From the total of 36 mutations, seven complementation groups were identified. Three complementation groups correspond to the previously described genes daf-3, daf-5, and daf-12. Three correspond to novel genes scd-1, scd-2, and scd-3. Genetic analysis of these scd genes is presented here. A fourth complementation group was represented by a single mutation sa315, which affects the daf-2/age-1 insulin-related signaling pathway.
Genetic interactions between CDC31 and KAR1, two genes required for duplication of the microtubule organizing center in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1994)

KAR1 encodes an essential component of the yeast spindle pole body (SPB) that is required for karyogamy and SPB duplication. A temperature-sensitive mutation, kar1-delta 17, mapped to a region required for SPB duplication and for localization to the SPB. To identify interacting SPB proteins, we isolated 13 dominant mutations and 3 high copy number plasmids that suppressed the temperature sensitivity of kar1-delta 17. Eleven extragenic suppressor mutations mapped to two linkage groups, DSK1 and DSK2. The extragenic suppressors were specific for SPB duplication and did not suppress karyogamy-defective alleles. The major class, DSK1, consisted of mutations in CDC31. CDC31 is required for SPB duplication and encodes a calmodulin-like protein that is most closely related to caltractin/centrin, a protein associated with the Chlamydomonas basal body. The high copy number suppressor plasmids contained the wild-type CDC31 gene. One CDC31 suppressor allele conferred a temperature-sensitive defect in SPB duplication, which was counter-suppressed by recessive mutations in KAR1. In spite of the evidence for a direct interaction, the strongest CDC31 alleles, as well as both DSK2 alleles, suppressed a complete deletion of KAR1. However, the CDC31 alleles also made the cell supersensitive to KAR1 gene dosage, arguing against a simple bypass mechanism of suppression. We propose a model in which Kar1p helps localize Cdc31p to the SPB and that Cdc31p then initiates SPB duplication via interaction with a downstream effector.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of 4‐Tosyl‐2(5H)‐furanone with Boronic Acids: A Facile and Efficient Route to Generate 4‐Substituted 2(5H)‐Furanones. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Conjugated zwitterionic polyelectrolyte-based interface modification materials for high performance polymer optoelectronic devices (2013)

A series of new water/alcohol-soluble conjugated polymers (WSCPs) poly[(9,9-bis((N-(4-sulfonate-1-butyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium)propyl)-2,7-fluorene)-alt-N-phenyl-4,4′-diphenylamine)] (PFNSO-TPA), poly[(9,9-bis((N-(4-sulfonate-1-butyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium)propyl)-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)] (PFNSO) and poly[(9,9-bis((N-(4-sulfonate-1-butyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium)propyl)-2,7-fluorene)-alt-4,7-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)] (PFNSO-BT), comprising identical sulfobetaine zwitterionic groups on their side chains but different conjugated main chain structures, were designed and developed as interface modification materials to improve electron collection in bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells (PSCs), and to improve electron injection/transporting in polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs). The resulting WSCPs possess integrated advantages of excellent alcohol processability, interface modification functions and mobile ion free nature. The relationships between the WSCPs main chain structures and properties (including optical/electrical properties and interface modification functions in resulting devices) were investigated systematically. In PSCs, it was found that the WSCPs interface modification properties led to varying differences, but all of them can boost the photovoltaic performances of PSCs; encouragingly, a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.74% could be achieved. In PLEDs, the interface modification functions of the WSCPs strongly depend upon their conjugated main chain structures. The WSCPs should possess suitable energy levels to match well with the light-emitting layer (EML), even though the electron injection from metal cathode was efficient. Our results show promising potentials of WSCPs as interface modification layers in organic/polymer optoelectronic devices, and provide new insights for the development of new interface modification materials in the future.
Tricuspid Valve Repair With an Annuloplasty Ring Results in Improved Long-Term Outcomes (2006)

Placement of an annuloplasty ring in patients undergoing tricuspid valve repair is associated with improved survival and event-free survival.
Key Process steps for high reliable SiOCH low-k dielectrics for the sub 45nm technology nodes (2009)

The introduction of SiOCH low-k dielectrics in copper interconnects associated to the reduction of the critical dimensions in advanced technology nodes is becoming a major reliability concern. The interconnect realization requires a consequent number of critical process steps [1]. Since porous low-k dielectrics are used as Inter-Metal Dielectric (IMD) each process step can be a source of degradation for the dielectric. This paper describes critical process steps influencing the low-k reliability. All the processes affecting the dielectric's interfaces are also evidenced to degrade the low-k interconnect robustness. Some process examples as the direct chemical and mechanical polishing (CMP), the slurry chemistry and the TaN/Ta barrier etching are details in this paper. Moreover, some process options are given to strongly improve low-k dielectric reliability without degradation of its electrical performances.
EFECTIVIDAD DE INSECTICIDAS QUÍMICOS EN EL CONTROL DE THRIPS PALMI KARNY EN EL CULTIVO DE LA PAPA (2002)

Resumen es: En Cuba Thrips palmi Karny se ha constituido en un serio problema en muchos cultivos, especialmente en la papa (Solanum tuberosum L.). Para el control de...
A Graph-Based Encoding for Evolutionary Convolutional Neural Network Architecture Design (2019)

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated highly effective performance in image classification across a range of data sets. The best performance can only be obtained with CNNs when the appropriate architecture is chosen, which depends on both the volume and nature of the training data available. Many of the state-of-the-art architectures in the literature have been hand-crafted by human researchers, but this requires expertise in CNNs, domain knowledge, or trial-and-error experimentation, often using expensive resources. Recent work based on evolutionary deep learning has offered an alternative, in which evolutionary computation (EC) is applied to automatic architecture search. A key component in evolutionary deep learning is the chosen encoding strategy; however, previous approaches to CNN encoding in EC typically have restrictions in the architectures that can be represented. Here, we propose an encoding strategy based on a directed acyclic graph representation, and introduce an algorithm for random generation of CNN architectures using this encoding. In contrast to previous work, our proposed encoding method is more general, enabling representation of CNNs of arbitrary connectional structure and unbounded depth. We demonstrate its effectiveness using a random search, in which 200 randomly generated CNN architectures are evaluated. To improve the computational efficiency, the 200 CNNs are trained using only 10% of the CIFAR-10 training data; the three bestperforming CNNs are then re-trained on the full training set. The results show that the proposed representation and initialisation method can achieve promising accuracy compared to manually designed architectures, despite the simplicity of the random search approach and the reduced data set. We intend that future work can improve on these results by applying evolutionary search using this encoding.
All-high <i>T</i> <i>c</i> Josephson tunnel junction: Ba1−<i>x</i>K<i>x</i>BiO3/Ba1−<i>x</i>K<i>x</i>BiO3 junctions (1991)

We have fabricated all-high Tc superconducting tunnel junctions in the material Ba1−xKxBiO3. The junctions are of very high quality and have a Josephson supercurrent. For the low-resistance junctions, the IcR product approaches the theoretical limit.
A double ballooned inflatable and collapsible T tube for selective proximal or distal cholangiography. (1988)

A double ballooned T tube for common bile duct occlusion and optional collapse of the intra-balloon tube segments was used for improved roentgenologic delineation of the biliary tree intraoperatively and postoperatively. This silicone T tube is effective for intraoperative and completion cholangiograms, and avoids resuturing of the choledocotomy. Furthermore, with increased inflation, each balloon is capable of occluding the proximal or distal, or both, intraductal horizontal limbs. These features have been exploited for optimal imaging and therapeutic purposes. The tube with its deflated balloons is left in the common duct for drainage and further selective proximal or distal cholangiograms. Several extensions of its use can be envisaged.
[The characteristics of the information support for the process of the state accreditation of public health institutions in Ukraine]. (2000)

Introduction of novel information technologies in the health system of Ukraine is a requisite condition of enhancing the effectiveness of work of medical bodies, ensuring high-quality medical care. Our objective in this study was to devise a mechanism of information support of the process of state accreditation of the public health institutions. A structural scheme is developed of a uniform information-analytical system for information support of the process of accreditation of medical institutions. An automated information system has been set up at the level of medico-prophylactic institutions, which consists of information-reference and information-analytical subsystems and provides information support for the process of accreditation. Ways are discussed of setting up an information-control system of accreditation using potentialities of the sectoral corporative computer network "Ukrmednet".
Adsorption and interaction of Sb on Si(001) studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and core-level photoemission (1989)

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and synchrotron photoemission were used to analyze the Sb/Si(001) interface formation for submonolayer and saturation coverages. The surface-shifted core-level component observed in photoemission for Si(001)-(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1) was suppressed with the adsorption of Sb. Constant-current STM images which were taken for different sample bias conditions show changes in the spatial distribution of the occupied and unoccupied states derived from the Si-dimer dangling bonds upon Sb adsorption. These observations are interpreted in terms of the formation of Sb-Si bonds and the resulting modifications in the surface electronic properties.
Thermomolecular pumping effect (1974)

The possibility of direct thermal pumping of gases under molecular flow conditions using directed molecular scattering from certain surfaces is considered. Several simple thermomolecular pumps, using carbonized nickel for active surfaces, have been built. Single-stage pressure ratios in excess of 1.3 have been obtained. A multistage window device has also been successfully tested.
Linearizing irregular memory accesses for improved correlated prefetching (2013)

This paper introduces the Irregular Stream Buffer (ISB), a prefetcher that targets irregular sequences of temporally correlated memory references. The key idea is to use an extra level of indirection to translate arbitrary pairs of correlated physical addresses into consecutive addresses in a new structural address space, which is visible only to the ISB. This structural address space allows the ISB to organize prefetching meta-data so that it is simultaneously temporally and spatially ordered, which produces technical benefits in terms of coverage, accuracy, and memory traffic overhead.
Natural Products for Dental Caries Prevention (2004)

Selected natural compounds were evaluated for their effects on dental caries due to different strains of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. Out of 39 tested compounds, four (catechol, emetine, quinine, and flavone) showed potent inhibitory activity on different strains of S. mutans at 6.25 microg/mL or less with inhibition of adherence <50%, two compounds (5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy isoflavone and ellagic acid) exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect at 12.5 microg/mL with inhibition to adherence <50%, and 12 compounds exhibited weak antibacterial activity at 125 microg/mL or more with inhibition of adherence <25%. These compounds represent three major classes of natural products: tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Further study for possible application of these compounds as inhibitors for dental caries is underway.
Respective roles of the epidermis and mesophyll in the resistance of barley to powdery mildew. (1989)

The abaxial epidermis of the primary leaf of one cultivar of barley was stripped off and exchanged with that of another cultivar. A comparison was made of the 48-hr infection frequency of powdery mildew on the various combinations of composite leaf sections in an attempt to determine the respective roles of the epidermis and mesophyll in the resistance of barley to powdery mildew. In the case in which resistance was clearly defined, the results suggested that the resistance reaction occurs mainly in the epidermis. While the mesophyll appears to play a supportive role in the resistance mechanism, it is also possible that the mesophyll contains a factor which can act to promote powdery mildew infection.
A Sub-1V Bandgap Reference Circuit Using Subthreshold Current (2005)

A bandgap reference circuit employing subthreshold current is proposed. Only a small fraction of V/sub BE/ is utilized to generate the reference voltage of 170 mV. Since the subthreshold current of MOSFET is used as the current source, the circuit only consumes 2.4 /spl mu/W at supply voltage of 1V. It was fabricated using 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS triple-well technology on chip area of 0.029 mm/sup 2/. Both the measurement and the simulation demonstrate the reference voltage variation is 1.3mV from -20/spl deg/C to 100/spl deg/C and is 1.1mV per volt for supply voltage from 0.95V to 2.5V.
Comparison of different LED Packages (2007)

In this paper different technologies for LED packaging are compared, focusing on Chip on Board (COB) and SMD technology. The package technology which is used depends on the LED application. A critical fact in LED technology is the thermal management, especially for high brightness LED applications because the thermal management is important for reliability, lifetime and electrooptical performance of the LED module. To design certain and long life LED applications knowledge of the heat flow from LEDs to the complete application is required. High sophisticated FEM simulations are indispensable for modern development of high power LED applications. We compare simulations of various substrate materials and packaging technologies simulated using FLOTHERM software. Thereby different substrates such as standard FR4, ceramic and metal core printed circuit boards are considered. For the verification of the simulated results and the testing of manufactured modules, advanced measurement tools are required. We show different ways to experimentally characterize the thermal behavior of LED modules. The thermal path is determined by the transient thermal analysis using the MicReD T3Ster analyzer. Afterwards it will be compared to the conventional method using thermocouples. The heat distribution over the module is investigated by an IR-Camera. We demonstrate and compare simulation and measurement results of Chip-on-Board (COB) and Sub-Mounted Devices (SMD) technology. The results reveal that for different applications certain packages are ideal.
DNA methylome profiling of maternal peripheral blood and placentas reveal potential fetal DNA markers for non-invasive prenatal testing (2014)

Utilizing epigenetic (DNA methylation) differences to differentiate between maternal peripheral blood (PBL) and fetal (placental) DNA has been a promising strategy for non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT). However, the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) have yet to be fully ascertained. In the present study, we performed genome-wide comparative methylome analysis between maternal PBL and placental DNA from pregnancies of first trimester by methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (MeDIP-Seq) and Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip assays. A total of 36 931 DMRs and 45 804 differentially methylated sites (DMSs) covering the whole genome, exclusive of the Y chromosome, were identified via MeDIP-Seq and Infinium 450k array, respectively, of which 3759 sites in 2188 regions were confirmed by both methods. Not only did we find the previously reported potential fetal DNA markers in our identified DMRs/DMSs but also we verified fully the identified DMRs/DMSs in the validation round by MassARRAY EpiTYPER. The screened potential fetal DNA markers may be used for NIPT on aneuploidies and other chromosomal diseases, such as cri du chat syndrome and velo-cardio-facial syndrome. In addition, these potential markers may have application in the early diagnosis of placental dysfunction, such as pre-eclampsia.
Facile Synthesis of <i>N</i>-Alkyl-<i>N</i><i>‘</i>-arylimidazolium Salts via Addition of Imidazoles to Arynes (2002)

[reaction: see text] A novel synthetic approach to N-alkyl-N'-arylimidazolium salts has been developed on the basis of addition of imidazoles to arynes. A variety of N-alkyl-N'-arylimidazolium salts can be synthesized straightforwardly in modest to good yields. Furthermore, utility of the resulting imidazolium salts has been demonstrated by the palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of aryl chlorides.
The relationship between the L1 and L2 domains of the insulin and epidermal growth factor receptors and leucine-rich repeat modules (2001)

Multiple sequence alignments and comparisons of the 3D structures has shown that right-handed beta helix proteins such as pectate lyase and the L domains of members of the insulin receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor families, are members of the leucine-rich repeat superfamily.
Blind watermarking of 3D meshes using robust feature points detection (2005)

We present a new blind robust watermarking scheme for 3D meshes. Feature points are used to build a partition of the mesh shape that resists to common 3D watermarking attacks. These points are automatically selected through a multi-scale estimation of the curvature tensor field. The automatic capture of robust feature points and its use for blind detection in a robust watermarking scheme are the contribution of this paper. Our watermarking scheme proceeds by first partitioning the mesh shape using a geodesic Delaunay triangulation of the detected feature points. Each of these geodesic triangle patches is then parameterized and remeshed by a subdivision strategy to obtain a robust base meshing. Then remeshed patches are watermarked in the spectral domain and original mesh points are finally projected on the corresponding watermarked patches. This strategy shows good preliminary results as it resists to affine transforms, white noise addition, smoothing, crop and sampling changes such as decimation, subdivision or remeshing.