gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cathepsin D and H2O2 Stimulate Degradation of Thioredoxin-1 (2005)

Cathepsin D (CatD) is a lysosomal aspartic proteinase and plays an important role in the degradation of proteins and in apoptotic processes induced by oxidative stress, cytokines, and aging. All of these stimuli are potent inducers of endothelial cell apoptosis. Therefore, we investigated the role of CatD in endothelial cell apoptosis and determined the underlying mechanisms. Incubation with 100-500 microm H2O2 for 12 h induced apoptosis in endothelial cells. To determine a role for CatD, we co-incubated endothelial cells with the CatD inhibitor pepstatin A. Pepstatin A as well as genetic knock down of CatD abolished H2O2-induced apoptosis. In contrast, overexpression of CatD wild type but not a catalytically inactive mutant of CatD (CatDD295N) induced apoptosis under basal conditions. To gain insights into the underlying mechanisms, we investigated the effect of CatD on reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Indeed, knocking down CatD expression reduced H2O2-induced ROS formation and apoptosis. The major redox regulator in endothelial cells is thioredoxin-1 (Trx), which plays a crucial role in apoptosis inhibition. Thus, we hypothesized that CatD may alter Trx protein levels and thereby promote formation of ROS and apoptosis. Incubation with 100 microm H2O2 for 6 h decreased Trx protein levels, whereas Trx mRNA was not altered. H2O2-induced Trx degradation was inhibited by pepstatin A and genetic knock down of CatD but not by other protease inhibitors. Incubation of unstimulated cell lysates with recombinant CatD significantly reduced Trx protein levels in vitro, which was completely blocked by pepstatin A pre-incubation. Overexpression of CatD reduced Trx protein in cells. Moreover, H2O2 incubation led to a translocation of Trx to the lysosomes prior to the induction of apoptosis. Taken together, CatD induces apoptosis via degradation of Trx protein, which is an essential anti-apoptotic and reactive oxygen species scavenging protein in endothelial cells.
Organic Bi-function Matrix Array (2005)

We have proposed and demonstrated a “bi-function matrix array (Bi-Matrix)” with a stacked layer of organic electroluminescent device (OELD) and organic photodiode (OPD) matrix arrays. Independent operations of emission and photodetection can be achieved for the multilayered array, where, the maximum luminance of OELD was 1,290 cd/m 2 and the ratio of photoconductivity to dark conductivity was 10 3 . A prototype 4×4 Bi-Matrix was also demonstrated.
A membrane-free interfacial battery with high energy density (2018)

A new concept of the membrane-free interfacial battery based on a biphasic system was proposed for the first time. An aqueous ZnBr2 solution was used as a negative electrolyte, while Br2 in CCl4 served as a positive electrolyte. This interfacial Zn/Br2 battery demonstrated a very impressive performance with a CE of 96% and an EE of 81% at a current density of 15 mA cm-2.
Phase Separation of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in Mixtures of Water and Methanol: A Spectroscopic Study of the Phase-Transition Process with a Polymer Tagged with a Fluorescent Dye and a Spin Label (2001)

The thermoreversible phase transition of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) randomly labeled with a spin label, 4-amino-2,2′,6,6′-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxide (TEMPO), and a fluorescent dye, 4-(pyren-1-yl)butyl (PNIPAM-Py-T), in different H2O/MeOH mixtures was studied by turbidimetry, continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (CW-EPR), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The macroscopic phase diagram of PNIPAM-Py-T in H2O/MeOH measured by turbidimetry was identical to those of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and of TEMPO-labeled PNIPAM (PNIPAM-T) in H2O/MeOH mixtures. However, distinct differences among the three polymers were detected in their solvent-dependent EPR and fluorescence-spectroscopic properties. The EPR spectra were analyzed in terms of the isotropic hyperfine coupling constants, which monitor the variation in environmental polarity of the radical labels occurring for the conformational transitions of the polymer as a function of temperature, as well as the correlation time for reorientation motion, the increase of which is indicative of the increased viscosity of the radical environment and interactions occurring between the radical and other surface groups of the precipitated polymer, if compared to the soluble polymer. The fluorescence of Py in PNIPAM-Py-T displayed contributions from isolated excited pyrenes (monomer emission) and from preformed pyrene ground-state aggregates (excimer emission). The quantum efficiencies of monomer and excimer emission were monitored as a function of solvent composition. By the two experimental approaches, we demonstrate the profound influence of the PNIPAM-attached pyrene units in increasing the hydrophobicity of the nanodomains formed upon heat-induced precipitation of PNIPAM-Py-T.
Modeling and Analyzing Pressure Buildup Data Affected by Phase Redistribution in the Weilbore (1996)

Abstract This work describes the development of a simple mechanistic model to predict the effect that the transient two-phase flow of oil and gas has on pressure buildup data. Results from the model provide an improved physical understanding of the phase segregation process and how it influences buildup pressure data. The model is applied to obtain new physical insights into the variable wellbore storage models applied previously in pressure transient analysis.
Subject classification obtained by cluster analysis and principal component analysis applied to flow cytometric data (2007)

Our data suggest the use of bioinformatic approaches to analyze large data-sets generated by PFC and to obtain the rapid identification of key populations that best characterize a group of subjects.
Restless legs syndrome in Parkinson's disease: A case‐controlled study (2002)

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a disorder of motor activity with a circadian pattern, occurring frequently in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We sought to estimate the prevalence of RLS in Indian PD patients. One hundred twenty-six consecutive PD patients and 128 healthy age- and sex-matched controls were evaluated using a predesigned questionnaire. RLS was present in 10 of 126 cases of PD (7.9%) and 1 of 128 controls (0.8%, P = 0.01). PD patients with RLS were older than those without RLS (63.70 +/- 7.80 years vs. 57.37 +/- 10.04 years; P = 0.05) and had higher prevalence of depression (40% vs. 10.3%; P = 0.023). No demographic factors or factors related to PD correlated with the presence or severity of RLS. RLS is more common among patients with PD than controls. A greater medical recognition of this disorder is needed in view of available effective treatment.
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion elicits neuronal apoptosis and behavioral impairment (1998)

Chronic reductions in cerebral blood flow associated with aging and progressive neurodegenerative disorders can precipitate cognitive failure. To assess whether chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency elicits neuronal apoptosis, apoptotic cell death in the hippocampus was quantitated in a rat model of permanent carotid occlusion. Bilateral carotid artery occlusion (2VO) was shown to induce apoptotic morphology and DNA strand breaks in hippocampal neurons 2 and 27 weeks after ligation. The rate of pyramidal cell apoptosis was higher at chronic (27 weeks) compared to sub-chronic (2 weeks) time points. 2VO-induced apoptosis resulted in a decrease in total pyramidal cell number at 27 weeks but not at earlier time points, indicating progressive neuronal loss. Working and reference memory errors in the radial arm maze were strongly correlated with the number of apoptotic neurons in CA1 but not CA3 pyramidal cell fields. These data provide the first indication that apoptotic loss of pyramidal neurons may play a role in memory impairment associated with clinical conditions of chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency.
Complete Kinetic Mechanism of Homoisocitrate Dehydrogenase from <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2006)

The kinetic mechanism of homoisocitrate dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was determined using initial velocity studies in the absence and presence of product and dead end inhibitors in both reaction directions. Data suggest a steady state random kinetic mechanism. The dissociation constant of the Mg-homoisocitrate complex (MgHIc) was estimated to be 11 +/- 2 mM as measured using Mg2+ as a shift reagent. Initial velocity data indicate the MgHIc complex is the reactant in the direction of oxidative decarboxylation, while in the reverse reaction direction, the enzyme likely binds uncomplexed Mg2+ and alpha-ketoadipate. Curvature is observed in the double-reciprocal plots for product inhibition by NADH and the dead-end inhibition by 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide phosphate when MgHIc is the varied substrate. At low concentrations of MgHIc, the inhibition by both nucleotides is competitive, but as the MgHIc concentration increases, the inhibition changes to uncompetitive, consistent with a steady state random mechanism with preferred binding of MgHIc before NAD. Release of product is preferred and ordered with respect to CO2, alpha-ketoadipate, and NADH. Isocitrate is a slow substrate with a rate (V/E(t)) 216-fold slower than that measured with HIc. In contrast to HIc, the uncomplexed form of isocitrate and Mg2+ bind to the enzyme. The kinetic mechanism in the direction of oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate, on the basis of initial velocity studies in the absence and presence of dead-end inhibitors, suggests random addition of NAD and isocitrate with Mg2+ binding before isocitrate in rapid equilibrium, and the mechanism approximates rapid equilibrium random. The Keq for the overall reaction measured directly using the change in NADH as a probe is 0.45 M.
Intrinsic Stress of DLC Film Prepared by RF Plasma CVD and Filteredcathodic ARC PVD (2005)

Summary form only given. Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films frequently exhibit poor adhesion strength and delaminate instantly due to high internal compressive stress , as high as 8.5 GPa generated in the film, thus resulting in the limitation of the film. Our recent experimental results suggest a functional relationship between the intrinsic compressive stress and the negative biasing voltage applied to the substrate. For the first time, we have obtained DLC compressive stress data as a function of DC bias voltage for films prepared from the C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> RF plasma and we compare them with data obtained from the cathodic arc. Although the deposition rate was different, the DLC deposition rate of the filtered cathodic arc being ~1 nm per sec. while the rate in the RF process is approximately 2 nm per min., a similar trend in the stress generation and the stress-relief region was observed in both methods of deposition. The motivation for this study was to establish a coating methodology for DLC that yields a high sp <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> :sp <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ratio and strong adhesion strength. Such a coating is expected to be hard but not easily delaminated, and would be useful when coated on to steel substrates such as industrial cutting tools, to enhance life performance and cost savings. The preliminary results showed that a thicker DLC film can be obtained by incorporating a lower stress, graphitic layer or a silicon layer.
Cancellation of ICI by Doppler Effect in OFDM Systems (2006)

This paper observes the inter-carrier interference (ICI) by Doppler effect in time domain in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems. This observation allows us to propose a new time domain two-stage equalization scheme that iteratively cancels the ICI. The proposed scheme consists of the following two stages. First, we apply low-complexity linear minimum mean squared error (MMSE) employing partial rank of time impulse response matrix to shorten the ICI components into diagonal region. Second, we propose new parallel interference cancellation with hard decision feedback to remove the residual ICI. Performance evaluations and complexity analyses show that the bit error rate and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio performances of the proposed scheme are very close to those of the classical frequency domain linear MMSE equalization scheme with much reduced complexity
Single Photon IonisationMass Spectrometry Using Laser‐Generated Vacuum Ultraviolet Photons (1997)

This paper provides an overview of the method of single photon ionisation mass spectrometry. A review of the theory of frequency upconversion using third‐order 4‐ wave sum mixing in isotropic media and experimental results of third harmonic generation (THG) using a frequency tripled 355 nm Nd:YAG pump source are presented. Vacuum Ultra‐violet (VUV) photons of wavelength 118 nm are detected in an acetone ionisation chamber. The emphasis of this paper is on the practical aspects of generating and detecting the VUV photons and using them for single photon ionisation (SPI) in the ion source of a mass spectrometer. Optimum gas pressures for THG in Xe and Xe/Ar mixtures are established. For a pump beam of well defined mode structure the optimum gas pressures are in excellent agreement with theory. The major loss mechanism is attributed to re‐absorption of VUV by the tripling gas. SPI mass spectra of hexane and the biomolecule valyl‐valine are presented illustrating the power of the technique.
Light extraction and optical loss mechanisms in organic light-emitting diodes (2008)

The internal quantum efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) can reach values close to 100% if phosphorescent emitters to harvest triplet excitons are used, however the fraction of light that is actually leaving the device is considerably less. Loss mechanisms are for example waveguiding in the organic layers and the substrate as well as the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons at metallic electrodes. In this work we use numerical simulations to identify and quantify different loss mechanisms. Changing various simulation parameters, for example layer thicknesses, enables us to study their influence on the fraction of light leaving the OLED. With these simulations we therefore can enhance the light output of the OLED stack. We present simulations of bottom-emitting OLEDs based on the green emitter tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq<sub>3</sub>) with transparent indium tin oxide anode and a metallic cathode, as well as microcavity devices with two metallic electrodes. The results of the simulations are compared with experimental data on the angular dependent emission spectra and published effi;ciency data.
Metabolic rate and nitrogen balance after skeletal trauma in female and male rats. (1994)

Unequal metabolic responses to trauma by women and men have been suggested, but an explicit investigation demonstrating this conjecture has not been made. The responses of resting energy expenditure (REE) and nitrogen balance for 3 days before and 7 days after skeletal trauma were determined for female and male rats. Food intake and body weight were recorded daily, and 24-h urine samples were collected. Baseline REE and nitrogen balance were obtained for 3 consecutive days before induction of trauma. Then rats were divided into female trauma (n = 8), male trauma (n = 7), female control (n = 8), and male control (n = 7) groups. Trauma was produced by bilateral femoral fracture to anesthetized rats. Control rats were anesthetized without skeletal trauma. Traumatized rats were fed ad libitum for 7 days, and control rats were pair fed with the traumatized rats. The results showed that REE increased and nitrogen balance decreased in traumatized male rats relative to their controls. Traumatized female rats had increased REE and unchanged nitrogen balance compared with their controls. Traumatized female rats had a larger percentage increase in REE on days 5 through 7 than did traumatized male rats. These findings demonstrate a difference between female and male rats in response to trauma. Female rats use more energy and lose less nitrogen after trauma than do male rats. The results suggest that recommendations for increased energy and protein needs after trauma should consider the sex of the subject intended to be fed.
On the use of linear programming for unsupervised text classification (2005)

We propose a new algorithm for dimensionality reduction and unsupervised text classification. We use mixture models as underlying process of generating corpus and utilize a novel, L1-norm based approach introduced by Kleinberg and Sandler [19]. We show that our algorithm performs extremely well on large datasets, with peak accuracy approaching that of supervised learning based on Support Vector Machines (SVMs) with large training sets. The method is based on the same idea that underlies Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI). We find a good low-dimensional subspace of a feature space and project all documents into it. However our projection minimizes different error, and unlike LSI we build a basis, that in many cases corresponds to the actual topics. We present results of testing of our algorithm on the abstracts of arXiv - an electronic repository of scientific papers, and the 20 Newsgroup dataset - a small snapshot of 20 specific newsgroups.
Electrodeposition of spinel MnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>nanosheets for supercapacitor applications (2015)

Herein, we report a facile, low-cost and one-step electrodeposition approach for the synthesis MnCo2O4 (MCO) nanosheet arrays on indium doped tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates. The crystalline phase and morphology of the materials are studied by x-ray diffraction, energy dispersive x-ray analysis and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The supercapacitor performance of the MCO nanosheets are studied in a three-electrode configuration in 2 M KOH electrolyte. The as-prepared binder-free electrode shows a high specific capacitance of 290 F g(-1) at 1 mV s(-1) with excellent cyclic stability even after 1000 charge/discharge cycles. The obtained energy density and power density of the MCO nanosheets are 10.04 Wh kg(-1) and 5.2 kW kg(-1) respectively. The superior electrochemical performances are mainly attributed to its nanosheet like structure which provides a large reaction surface area, and fast ion and electron transfer rate.
Preparation of magnesium aluminum hydride. Reactions of lithium and sodium aluminum hydrides with magnesium halides in ether solvents (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of magnesium aluminum hydride. Reactions of lithium and sodium aluminum hydrides with magnesium halides in ether solventsEugene C. Ashby, Robert Donald Schwartz, and B. D. JamesCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1970, 9, 2, 325–332Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50084a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50084a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views441Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The control of handover initiation in microcells (2002)

It is pointed out that the reliability of handover depends on many aspects of the cellular system, including the handover initiation criteria, handover protocol, and network infrastructure organization. After examining the mechanisms of handover initiation in microcellular environments, the author considers the use of a combined forward and backward handover protocol for a mixed-cell system. Network issues and the choice of mobile controlled or assisted handover are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Intelligent SSD (2013)

This paper introduces the notion of intelligent SSDs. First, we present the design considerations of intelligent SSDs, and then examine their potential benefits under various settings in data mining applications.
Force control based robotic grinding system and application (2016)

A robotic grinding method based on force feedback is proposed in this paper. This method is used in polishing metal products like faucet handle which is made in zinc alloy. Force control technology is important in the grinding system. In the grinding process, grinding force is a pressure in a specified direction which is applied to the surface of the mold by polishing tools. The force should be controlled in some stable value to ensure the grinding quality. In order to maintain a constant and stable force throughout the process of grinding or polishing, force sensor is always required in order to measure the contact force between grinding tool and mold surface. At the same time, the measured data should be sent to the controller and according to it the controller can adjust the value of the predefined grinding force in different process conditions. Before robotic grinding, off-line programming method is used to simulate the grinding process. After simulation process, the grinding robot with force control method is applied in grinding faucet handle instead of human. Good grinding results are produced from the experiments with such methods.
Broadband piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (pMUT) using mode-merged design (2015)

Broadband ultrasonic transducer is always preferred for diagnostic ultrasound imaging, because wide frequency bandwidth can reduce duration of ultrasonic pulse and enhance the axial imaging resolution. However, frequency bandwidth of both bulk piezoelectric ceramics based ultrasonic transducer and conventional piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (pMUT) is quite limited. To overcome this limitation, a mode-merging pMUT is presented in this paper. By using a rectangular membrane with large length / width aspect ratio, numbers of resonant modes are excited within a narrow frequency range. When this pMUT works in largely damped medium, excited modes are merged together, forming an ultra-wide bandwidth. A -6dB bandwidth of over 94% is measured in water for the proposed pMUT without matching layer, which is significantly broader than that of conventional pMUT. Benefited from such ultra-wide frequency bandwidth, pulse duration of 1 μs is achieved at central frequency of 1.24 MHz. If this broadband pMUT is utilized to replace the conventional ultrasonic transducers for diagnostic ultrasound imaging, the axial resolution can be significantly enhanced without compromising the sensing range.