gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High solubility of UO2(NO3)2·2TBP complex in supercritical CO2 (1998)

UO2(NO3)2·2TBP is highly soluble in supercritical CO2, with concentrations of 0.0025–0.4981 M attainable at modest temperatures and pressures, demonstrating that supercritical CO2 can provide a viable substitute for organic solvents used in nuclear fuel processing.
The Application of Microencapsulation Techniques in the Treatment of Endodontic and Periodontal Diseases (2011)

In the treatment of intracanal and periodontal infections, the local application of antibiotics and other therapeutic agents in the root canal or in periodontal pockets may be a promising approach to achieve sustained drug release, high antimicrobial activity and low systemic side effects. Microparticles made from biodegradable polymers have been reported to be an effective means of delivering antibacterial drugs in endodontic and periodontal therapy. The aim of this review article is to assess recent therapeutic strategies in which biocompatible microparticles are used for effective management of periodontal and endodontic diseases. In vitro and in vivo studies that have investigated the biocompatibility or efficacy of certain microparticle formulations and devices are presented. Future directions in the application of microencapsulation techniques in endodontic and periodontal therapies are discussed.
The characterisation of a secondary fluorescence X-ray tube for medical imaging, security screening and analytical applications (2002)

Describes the characterisation of a new prototype secondary fluorescence X-ray tube. This tube allows the user to interchange the secondary target, and thus select the X-ray tube spectrum. Measurements of the focal spot size, intensity the K/spl alpha/ fluorescence lines and the spectral purity of the source are presented for a range of secondary targets including tantalum, tungsten, silver, copper and a rhodium layer on tungsten. Measurements with the tantalum target confirmed that the intensity from the new Fluorex tube was of the same order as measured previously (8.5/spl times/10/sup 5/ photons/s/mm/sup 2/ source area into 1/spl times/10/sup -4/ sr) at 160 kV and 3.75 kW. This was found to be approximately 30-40 times less than the flux into a comparable energy window containing the K/spl alpha/ emission lines of a conventional tungsten anode X-ray tube operating at 140 kV and 3.75 kW.
Transduction method for design of logic cell structure (2004)

In this paper, a design method for switch-type circuits is developed. Previous design methods produce circuits of restricted types. Since our methods produce circuits of restricted types. Since our method will produce a circuit without such restrictions, in general, we can get better results than previously known methods. We showed the effectiveness of our method for a circuit of four variables. Computational experiments show that our method can be applied to a circuit with more than fifteen variables, which is enough for designing a circuit inside of gate-type elements.
An Integrated Approach for Power System Restoration Planning (2017)

Power system outages/blackouts, especially weather related, are becoming more and more frequent, incurring significant economic and social costs. The ability to restore power services quickly after a blackout is crucial for power system resilience. Power system restoration is an extremely complicated process, involving multiple steps, highly combinatorial operational decisions, and highly nonlinear technical constraints, which make restoration planning an exceptionally challenging task. This paper will first introduce the restoration process and operations, examine important issues in restoration, and survey the state of the art in the research and practice of power system restoration planning. Then, we will focus on the commonly used buildup restoration planning strategy, in which the system is sectionalized into smaller subsystems with initial power sources, and then the subsystems are restored in parallel. Due to the complexity, existing approaches treat the sectionalization and restoration separately, leading to a suboptimal restoration plan. We will introduce an integrated restoration planning approach to improve the quality of restoration plans globally (such as shorter overall restoration time) by using mathematical programming and simulation in an interactive and iterative way. Case studies will be provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Salinity and Hyperosmotic Stress Induce Rapid Increases in Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate, Diacylglycerol Pyrophosphate, and Phosphatidylcholine in Arabidopsis thaliana Cells (1999)

In animal cells, phosphoinositides are key components of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate/diacylglycerol-based signaling pathway, but also have many other cellular functions. These lipids are also believed to fulfill similar functions in plant cells, although many details concerning the components of a plant phosphoinositide system, and their regulation are still missing. Only recently have the different phosphoinositide isomers been unambiguously identified in plant cells. Another problem that hinders the study of the function of phosphoinositides and their derivatives, as well as the regulation of their metabolism, in plant cells is the need for a homogenous, easily obtainable material, from which the extraction and purification of phospholipids is relatively easy and quantitatively reproducible. We present here a thorough characterization of the phospholipids purified from [(32)P]orthophosphate- and myo-[2-(3)H]inositol-radiolabeled Arabidopsis thaliana suspension-cultured cells. We then show that NaCl treatment induces dramatic increases in the levels of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and diacylglycerol pyrophosphate and also affects the turnover of phosphatidylcholine. The increase in phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate was also observed with a non-ionic hyperosmotic shock. In contrast, the increase in diacylglycerol pyrophosphate and the turnover of phosphatidylcholine were relatively specific to salt treatments as only minor changes in the metabolism of these two phospholipids were detected when the cells were treated with sorbitol instead of NaCl.
Vaccinia Virus Interactions with the Cell Membrane Studied by New Chromatic Vesicle and Cell Sensor Assays (2006)

The potential danger of cross-species viral infection points to the significance of understanding the contributions of nonspecific membrane interactions with the viral envelope compared to receptor-mediated uptake as a factor in virus internalization and infection. We present a detailed investigation of the interactions of vaccinia virus particles with lipid bilayers and with epithelial cell membranes using newly developed chromatic biomimetic membrane assays. This analytical platform comprises vesicular particles containing lipids interspersed within reporter polymer units that emit intense fluorescence following viral interactions with the lipid domains. The chromatic vesicles were employed as membrane models in cell-free solutions and were also incorporated into the membranes of epithelial cells, thereby functioning as localized membrane sensors on the cell surface. These experiments provide important insight into membrane interactions with and fusion of virions and the kinetic profiles of these processes. In particular, the data emphasize the significance of cholesterol/sphingomyelin domains (lipid rafts) as a crucial factor promoting bilayer insertion of the viral particles. Our analysis of virus interactions with polymer-labeled living cells exposed the significant role of the epidermal growth factor receptor in vaccinia virus infectivity; however, the data also demonstrated the existence of additional non-receptor-mediated mechanisms contributing to attachment of the virus to the cell surface and its internalization.
Fabrication of “Clickable” Hydrogels via Dendron−Polymer Conjugates (2010)

Functionalizable hydrogels are of great interest as three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds for cell growth and tissue engineering. The ability to covalently immobilize biologically relevant molecules with accurate control of their density within the hydrogel matrix is highly desirable. Dendron−polymer conjugates prepared via Huisgen type “click” reaction provides a unique precursor for reactive hydrogels. A family of dendron−polymer conjugates were prepared by coupling second- and third-generation alkyne appended polyester dendrons with linear poly(ethylene glycol) diazides, PEG2K and PEG6K. Controlled cross-linking of alkyne-functionalized dendron−polymer−dendron conjugates with a hydrophilic diazide provides hydrogels with gelation efficiencies greater than 80%. Excess leftover alkynes can be used to functionalize these hydrogels as desired. Fine tuning of degree of cross-linking and functionalization is demonstrated by immobilization of streptavidin.
The Effects of Transient Functional Depression of the Thalamus on Spindles and on Bilateral Synchronous Epileptic Discharges of Feline Generalized Penicillin Epilepsy (1981)

A transient functional depression of thalamic activity (TFDTA) was induced in acute experiments in cats by the microinjection of 25% KCl into the thalamus. Spontaneous and evoked thalamic electrical activity was markedly depressed at the site of KCl microinjection. Spread of this depression to other thalamic areas often occurred, mainly when KCl was injected into the midline thalamus. In normal cats both spontaneous and evoked cortical spindle bursts as well as other evoked thalamocortical responses were reduced or abolished during the KCl-induced TFDTA. The generalized spike-and-wave discharges of feline generalized epilepsy were also suppressed for the duration of TFDTA, while incidental focal cortical interictal and ictal epileptic discharges, as well as generalized tonic-clonic seizure discharge, remained unaffected. The same effects were observed in animals with lesions of the mesencephalic reticular formation, indicating that the suppression of spindles and spike-and-wave discharges cannot be attributed to a release of the activity of the reticular formation by the TFDTA. An unexplained occurrence of generalized tonic-clonic EEG seizure was observed in most cases late after thalamic KCl microinjection, usually after the spike-and-wave discharges had recovered. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the spontaneous bilaterally synchronous epileptic bursts of feline generalized penicillin epilepsy are not only closely related to spindles but are crucially dependent on thalamic inputs to the cerebral cortex.
Single camera based motion tracking for minimally invasive surgery (2014)

In this paper, we present a vision based tracking scheme to capture kinematic data of two laparoscopic tools in a surgical trainer or simulator. Camshift algorithm along with Kalman filter is used for occlusion-free tracking of multiple markers attached to the tools. Tracking of the markers in 3D is achieved, using a single stationary camera, by tracking variations in the size of the markers in the image. This 3D marker position data is used to determine the pose of the tools. A camera rig capable of handling multiple cameras is built for validating the proposed tracking system. Experiments were performed to characterize the errors in tool pose, and estimated marker locations. Results indicate that the proposed scheme can be employed in a box trainer or simulator to track tool movements with sub-cm accuracy. Such tool movement data can be further used for surgical skill assessment, or for providing feedback to the trainee/surgeon during the procedure. Provided independent measurements of the camera movements are available, this method can also be used to track tool movements when the camera is not fixed.
Morphine Dosing in Acute Pain: How Much Is Enough? (2007)

Underdosing of opioid analgesia is a significant problem in emergency medicine. Although many dosing regimens for intravenous morphine have been studied, 0.10 mg/kg generally is recommended as an acceptable starting dose for treating patients with acute pain. Unfortunately, many physicians start much lower. In a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, researchers compared the effects of morphine at doses of …
A timing analysis algorithm for circuits with level-sensitive latches (1996)

For a logic design with level-sensitive latches, we need to validate timing signal paths which may flush through several latches. We developed efficient algorithms based on the modified shortest and longest path method. The computational complexity of our algorithm is generally better than that of known algorithms in the literature. The implementation (CYCLOPSS) has been applied to an industrial chip to verify the clock schedules.
Redirecting differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors by a transcription factor, GATA-2 (2005)

GATA-2 is a zinc finger transcription factor essential for differentiation of immature hematopoietic cells. We analyzed the function of GATA-2 by a combined method of tetracycline-dependent conditional gene expression and in vitro hematopoietic differentiation from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells using OP9 stroma cells (OP9 system). In the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), the OP9 system induced macrophage differentiation. GATA-2 expression in this system inhibited macrophage differentiation and redirected the fate of hematopoietic differentiation to other hematopoietic lineages. GATA-2 expression commencing at day 5 or day 6 induced megakaryocytic or erythroid differentiation, respectively. Expression levels of PU.1, a hematopoietic transcription factor that interferes with GATA-2, appeared to play a critical role in differentiation to megakaryocytic or erythroid lineages. Transcription of PU.1 was affected by histone acetylation induced by binding of GATA-2 to the PU.1 promoter region. This study demonstrates that the function of GATA-2 is modified in a context-dependent manner by expression of PU.1, which in turn is regulated by GATA-2.
Optimization of spinning disk confocal microscopy: synchronization with the ultra-sensitive EMCCD (2004)

The advent of Electron Multiplying Charge Coupled Device (EMCCD) technology and it's ability to overcome previous hurdles in low-light fluorescence microscopy, such as phototoxicity to live cells, photobleaching of fluorophores and exposure time restrictions, has resulted in a significant resurgence of interest in use of confocal spinning disk techniques for live cell microscopy. Here provide an understanding of, and technical solutions to, the issues of synchronization that have previously marred the coupling of fast CCD camera technology to confocal spinning disk arrangements. We examine the challenges arising from both old and new models of the Nipkow spinning disk confocal unit and suggest solutions throughout based on a sound comprehension of both (a) relative scan/exposure times; (b) relative orientation of the coupled devices; (c) optimisation of EMCCD clocking parameters.
The adjuvant MF59 induces ATP release from muscle that potentiates response to vaccination (2013)

Vaccines are the most effective agents to control infections. In addition to the pathogen antigens, vaccines contain adjuvants that are used to enhance protective immune responses. However, the molecular mechanism of action of most adjuvants is ill-known, and a better understanding of adjuvanticity is needed to develop improved adjuvants based on molecular targets that further enhance vaccine efficacy. This is particularly important for tuberculosis, malaria, AIDS, and other diseases for which protective vaccines do not exist. Release of endogenous danger signals has been linked to adjuvanticity; however, the role of extracellular ATP during vaccination has never been explored. Here, we tested whether ATP release is involved in the immune boosting effect of four common adjuvants: aluminum hydroxide, calcium phosphate, incomplete Freund's adjuvant, and the oil-in-water emulsion MF59. We found that intramuscular injection is always associated with a weak transient release of ATP, which was greatly enhanced by the presence of MF59 but not by all other adjuvants tested. Local injection of apyrase, an ATP-hydrolyzing enzyme, inhibited cell recruitment in the muscle induced by MF59 but not by alum or incomplete Freund's adjuvant. In addition, apyrase strongly inhibited influenza-specific T-cell responses and hemagglutination inhibition titers in response to an MF59-adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccine. These data demonstrate that a transient ATP release is required for innate and adaptive immune responses induced by MF59 and link extracellular ATP with an enhanced response to vaccination.
Heterogeneous proteolytic specificity and activity of the house dust mite proteinase allergen <i>Der p</i> I (1997)

These data suggest the existence of more than one mechanistic form of the allergen immunologically identified as Der p I. If proteolytic activity is indeed a function of allergenicity, this information may have important implications for the pathogenicity of Der p I and the ability of innate antiproteinase defences in the respiratory tract to prevent immune sensitization.
A generic platform for addressing the multimodal challenge (1995)

Article Free Access Share on A generic platform for addressing the multimodal challenge Authors: Laurence Nigay Laboratoire de Génie Informatique (LGI-IMAG), BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France Laboratoire de Génie Informatique (LGI-IMAG), BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, FranceView Profile , Joëlle Coutaz Laboratoire de Génie Informatique (LGI-IMAG), BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France Laboratoire de Génie Informatique (LGI-IMAG), BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, FranceView Profile Authors Info & Claims CHI '95: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsMay 1995 Pages 98–105https://doi.org/10.1145/223904.223917Published:01 May 1995Publication History 115citation867DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations115Total Downloads867Last 12 Months53Last 6 weeks13 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF
Hole-Transporting Materials for Printable Perovskite Solar Cells (2017)

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represent undoubtedly the most significant breakthrough in photovoltaic technology since the 1970s, with an increase in their power conversion efficiency from less than 5% to over 22% in just a few years. Hole-transporting materials (HTMs) are an essential building block of PSC architectures. Currently, 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis-(<i>N</i>,<i>N'</i>-di-<i>p</i>-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9'-spirobifluorene), better known as spiro-OMeTAD, is the most widely-used HTM to obtain high-efficiency devices. However, it is a tremendously expensive material with mediocre hole carrier mobility. To ensure wide-scale application of PSC-based technologies, alternative HTMs are being proposed. Solution-processable HTMs are crucial to develop inexpensive, high-throughput and printable large-area PSCs. In this review, we present the most recent advances in the design and development of different types of HTMs, with a particular focus on mesoscopic PSCs. Finally, we outline possible future research directions for further optimization of the HTMs to achieve low-cost, stable and large-area PSCs.
Mobility modeling and traffic analysis in three-dimensional indoor environments (1998)

To efficiently plan future personal communications services (PCSs), we need to solve various mobility/traffic problems in one-dimensional (1-D), two-dimensional (2-D), and three-dimensional (3-D) micro or picocell environments. However, mobility/traffic problems have thus far primarily been studied in 1-D and 2-D cell structures. In this paper, we extend the previous mobility modeling from 1-D or 2-D space to 3-D indoor building environments by considering the proper boundary conditions on each floor and analytically modeling mobility in multi-story buildings to estimate the number of handoffs. We then propose a blocking probability model with mobility as a traffic model in 3-D indoor environments. Utilizing this model, we can obtain the required number of channels per cell under the given blocking probability constraint. These results can be utilized in planning the networks of future PCSs.
Floating point unit generation and evaluation for FPGAs (2003)

Most commercial and academic floating point libraries for FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays) provide only a small fraction of all possible floating point units. In contrast, the floating point unit generation approach outlined in this paper allows for the creation of a vast collection of floating point units with differing throughput, latency, and area characteristics. Given performance requirements, our generation tool automatically chooses the proper implementation algorithm and architecture to create a compliant floating point unit. Our approach is fully integrated into standard C++ using ASC, a stream compiler for FPGAs, and the PAM-Blox II module generation environment. The floating point units created by our approach exhibit a factor of two latency improvement versus commercial FPGA floating point units, while consuming only half of the FPGA logic area.
Air and Spaceborne Radar Systems: An Introduction (2001)

A practical tool on radar systems that will be of major help to technicians, student engineers and engineers working in industry and in radar research and development. The many users of radar as well as systems engineers and designers will also find it highly useful. Also of interest to pilots and flight engineers and military command personnel and military contractors. ""This introduction to the field of radar is intended for actual users of radar. It focuses on the history, main principles, functions, modes, properties and specific nature of modern airborne radar. The book examines radar's
The Method of Multiple Scales (2000)

This chapter contains sections titled: Description of the Method Applications of the Derivative-Expansion Method The Two-Variable Expansion Procedure Generalized Method
Intelligent Information Personalization (2009)

This chapter introduces intelligent information personalization as an approach to personalize the webbased information retrieval experiences based on an individual’s interests, needs and goals. We present intelligent techniques to dynamically compose new personalized information by adapting existing web-based information in line with a dynamic user-model, whilst simultaneously addressing linguistic, factual and functional requirements. This chapter will highlight the different facets, tasks and issues concerning intelligent information personalization to guide researchers in designing intelligent information personalization applications. The chapter presents intelligent methods that address information personalization at the content level as opposed to the traditional approaches that focus on interface level information personalization. To assist researchers in designing intelligent information personalization applications we present our information personalization framework, named AdWISE (Adaptive Webmediated Information and Services Environment), to demonstrate how to systematically integrate various intelligent methods to achieve information personalization. We will conclude with a commentary on the future outlook for intelligent information personalization.