gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activin Receptor-Like Kinase 5 Inhibition Reverses Impairment of Endothelial Cell Viability by Endogenous Islet Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (2012)

Following islet transplantation, islet graft revascularization is compromised due to loss of endothelial cells (ECs) during islet culture. TGF-β signaling pathways are essential for vascular homeostasis but their importance for islet EC function is unclear. We have identified a population of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) within islets and investigated how modulation of TGF-β signaling by these cells influences islet EC viability. Cultured islets exhibited reduced expression of EC markers (VEGFR2, VE-cadherin and CD31), which was associated with diminished but sustained expression of endoglin a marker of both ECs and MSCs. Double fluorescent labeling of islets in situ with the EC marker CD31 disclosed a population of CD31-negative cells which were positive for endoglin. In vitro coculture of microvascular ECs with endoglin-positive, CD31-negative islet MSCs reduced VEGFR2 protein expression, disrupted EC angiogenic behavior, and increased EC detachment. Medium conditioned by islet MSCs significantly decreased EC viability and increased EC caspase 3/7 activity. EC:MSC cocultures showed enhanced Smad2 phosphorylation consistent with altered ALK5 signaling. Pharmacological inhibition of ALK5 activity with SB431542 (SB) improved EC survival upon contact with MSCs, and SB-treated cultured islets retained EC marker expression and sensitivity to exogenous VEGF164 . Thus, endoglin-expressing islet MSCs influence EC ALK5 signaling in vitro, which decreases EC viability, and changes in ALK5 activity in whole cultured islets contribute to islet EC loss. Modifying TGF-β signaling may enable maintenance of islet ECs during islet isolation and thus improve islet graft revascularization post-transplantation.
BaTex3: Bit Allocation for Progressive Transmission of Textured 3-D Models (2008)

The efficient progressive transmission of a textured 3D model, which has a texture image mapped on a geometric mesh, requires careful organization of the bit stream to quickly present high-resolution visualization on the user's screen. Bit rates for the mesh and the texture need to be properly balanced so that the decoded model has the best visual fidelity during transmission. This problem is addressed in the paper, and a bit allocation framework is proposed. In particular, the relative importance of the mesh geometry and the texture image on visual fidelity is estimated using a fast quality measure (FQM). Optimal bit distribution between the mesh and the texture is then computed under the criterion of maximizing the quality measured by FQM. Both the quality measure and the bit allocation algorithm are designed with low computation complexity. Empirical studies show that not only the bit allocation framework maximizes the receiving quality of the textured 3D model, but also it does not require sending additional information to indicate bit boundaries between the mesh and the texture in the multiplexed bit stream, which makes the streaming application more robust to bit errors that may occur randomly during transmission.
Service production and intellectual property (2000)

Service firms and sectors are emerging as important players in the innovation process. The intangible nature of many service innovations creates challenges for Intellectual Property Right (IPR) systems. IPR systems both shape and are shaped by structural changes in the economy, and the technologies being employed. It is well known that many service firms do not patent, and that the patent system has largely been developed to deal with more tangible innovations. This study considers the issues that arise in this context. It presents empirical material concerning the management of knowledge, innovation, and Intellectual Property in Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS). Different branches of the service sector are founded on very different knowledge bases; and there are also persistent differences in the activities performed by service firms of different sizes. Accordingly, though they have much in common where it comes to the management of expertise and the use of Information Technology (IT), they may follow dissimilar innovation trajectories, and adopt highly variegated strategies.
Two new cellulosome components encoded downstream of celI in the genome of Clostridium thermocellum: the non-processive endoglucanase CelN and the possibly structural protein CseP (2003)

Clostridium thermocellum produces a great number of extracellular cellulases which are free or cellulosome-bound. The nucleotide sequence of a gene cluster containing the genes celI, celN and cseP was determined from C. thermocellum strain F7. Gene products Cel9I and Cel9N are structurally related enzymes having a glycosyl hydrolase family 9 and a carbohydrate-binding module (CBM3c), but show characteristic differences: Cel9I is a non-cellulosomal protein with an additional CBM (CBM3b), whereas Cel9N contains a cellulosomal dockerin module and no additional CBM. Although Cel9I is a processive endoglucanase, Cel9N is non-processive. Both enzymes hydrolyse phosphoric acid swollen cellulose, but the products of hydrolysis are different. The CseP protein encoded in the gene cluster is the first component attached to the cellulosomal scaffoldin for which no catalytic activity could be detected. It was shown to be present in the cellulosome. Its sequence is homologous to the spore-coat assembly protein CotH of Bacillus subtilis, suggesting a structural role of CseP in the cellulosome.
DESIGN KONSTRUKSI WARNA KULIT IDEAL: KOMERSIALISASI KECANTIKAN: TANNING VS WHITENING PRODUCT (2018)

Perempuan dan produk kecantikan nampaknya dikorelasikan dengan sangat erat. Nyatanya, produk kecantikan juga dapat digunakan pria. Kecantikan yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini dibatasi mengenai kecantikan fisik (outer beauty), terutama persepsi warna kulit ideal yang dibangun industri melalui media massa.
Industri menciptakan produk tanning dan whitenning, yang satu untuk mencoklatkan kulit, sementara yang lain mencerahkan. Sesuatu yang kontradiktif, namun keduanya dipasarkan kepada konsumen yang berbeda. Penelitian ini mengupas design yang dibuat pelaku industri dalam mengkonstruksi dan mengkomersialisasi kecantikan yang dilakukan oleh pihak industry berdasar persepsi warna kulit ideal.
Electrochemical nanoimprinting of silicon (2019)

Scalable nanomanufacturing enables the commercialization of nanotechnology, particularly in applications such as nanophotonics, silicon photonics, photovoltaics, and biosensing. Nanoimprinting lithography (NIL) was the first scalable process to introduce 3D nanopatterning of polymeric films. Despite efforts to extend NIL's library of patternable media, imprinting of inorganic semiconductors has been plagued by concomitant generation of crystallography defects during imprinting. Here, we use an electrochemical nanoimprinting process-called Mac-Imprint-for directly patterning electronic-grade silicon with 3D microscale features. It is shown that stamps made of mesoporous metal catalysts allow for imprinting electronic-grade silicon without the concomitant generation of porous silicon damage while introducing mesoscale roughness. Unlike most NIL processes, Mac-Imprint does not rely on plastic deformation, and thus, it allows for replicating hard and brittle materials, such as silicon, from a reusable polymeric mold, which can be manufactured by almost any existing microfabrication technique.
Scientific Value and Validity as Ethical Requirements for Research: A Proposed Explication (1987)

It may be accepted as a maxim that a poorly or improperly designed study involving human subjects one that could not possibly yield scientific facts (that is, reproducible observations) relevant to the question under study-is by definition unethical. Moreover, when a study is in itself scientifically invalid, all other ethical considerations become irrelevant. There is no point in obtaining informed consent to perform a useless study. A worthless study cannot possibly benefit anyone, least of all the experimental subject himself. Any risk to the patient, however small, cannot be justified. In essence, the scientific validity of a study on human beings is in itself an ethical principle.
10 MLOC in Your Office Copier (2011)

Amid the obvious volume of digital copiers and multifunction printers, the system size is in the millions of lines of code with functionality creep into several overlapping areas-a theme of many modern systems.
Oxygen Scavenging from Air in Package Headspaces by Singlet Oxygen Reactions in Polymer Media (1982)

ABSTRACT Oxygen‐sensitive foods are frequently packaged under vacuum or with inert‐gas flushing. This paper describes a method for oxygen removal from air headspaces in transparent packs by a singlet oxygen reaction in a polymer film. Illumination of a package enclosing a coiled film containing a photosensitising dye and a singlet oxygen acceptor resulted in rapid scavenging of oxygen from the headspace. The results show that the oxygen content of plastic pouches containing air (30 ml) was reduced from 21% to 1% by 6 min illumination. The scavenging rate depended on the light intensity, and the rate of oxygen diffusion into the polymer.
Transcriptome-wide analyses of CstF64–RNA interactions in global regulation of mRNA alternative polyadenylation (2012)

Cleavage stimulation factor 64 kDa (CstF64) is an essential pre-mRNA 3' processing factor and an important regulator of alternative polyadenylation (APA). Here we characterized CstF64-RNA interactions in vivo at the transcriptome level and investigated the role of CstF64 in global APA regulation through individual nucleotide resolution UV crosslinking and immunoprecipitation sequencing and direct RNA sequencing analyses. We observed highly specific CstF64-RNA interactions at poly(A) sites (PASs), and we provide evidence that such interactions are widely variable in affinity and may be differentially required for PAS recognition. Depletion of CstF64 by RNAi has a relatively small effect on the global APA profile, but codepletion of the CstF64 paralog CstF64τ leads to greater APA changes, most of which are characterized by the increased relative use of distal PASs. Finally, we found that CstF64 binds to thousands of dormant intronic PASs that are suppressed, at least in part, by U1 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins. Taken together, our findings provide insight into the mechanisms of PAS recognition and identify CstF64 as an important global regulator of APA.
Aberrant methylation of <i>EphA7</i> in human prostate cancer and its relation to clinicopathologic features (2008)

EphA7 is a member of Eph/ephrins family and play diverse roles in carcinogenesis. The aim of our study was to investigate functional and structural alterations of EphA7 in prostate cancer and determine if those findings correlate with the clinicopathologic features of prostate cancer. Forty-eight prostate carcinomas, 31 benign prostate hyperplasias, 5 normal prostate tissues and 3 prostate cell lines (LNCaP, DU145 and PC-3) were examined with quantitative RT-PCR, methylation-specific PCR and immunohistochemistry. Downregulation or loss of EphA7 mRNA expression was detected in 23 of 48 (47.9%) prostate carcinomas, and 2 of 31 (6.5%) hyperplasias. Methylation of the EphA7 promoter region was present in 20 of 48 (41.7%) of carcinomas and 6 of 31 (19.3%) hyperplasias, respectively. Immunostaining analysis showed EphA7 protein was absent in 10 of 30 (33.3%) carcinoma samples available and 8 of them (80.0%) exhibited hypermethylation. The frequency of EphA7 methylation was higher in cancer patients with higher Gleason score. Treatment of DU145 cells harboring methylation with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine reactivated expression of EphA7. Ectopic expression of EphA7 in DU145 cells did not suppress cell growth but inhibited colony formation. Our study provides evidence that epigenetic inactivation of EphA7 may be involved in prostate carcinogenesis.
Text Location and Extraction for Business Cards Using Stroke Width Estimation (2012)

Text extraction and binarization are the important pre-processing steps for text recognition. The performance of text binarization strongly related to the accuracy of recognition stage. In our proposed method, the first stage based on line detection and shape feature analysis applied to locate the position of a business card and detect the shape from the complex environment. In the second stage, several local regions contained the possible text components are separated based on the projection histogram. In each local region, the pixels grouped into several connected components based on the connected component labeling and projection histogram. Then, classify each connect component into text region and reject the non-text region based on the feature information analysis such as size of connected component and stroke width estimation.
Multiprocessor bus is ready to meet 32-bit applications of future (1984)

Multibus II, which was designed to support systems containing practically any microprocessor, has cleared the way. Moreover, because of its functional partitioned architecture, the latest chips or boards can be easily substituted for their older counterparts without system disruption. In addition, easily expandable inputs and outputs can meet the needs of most applications. The multibus II has five buses: the parallel system bus (IPSB); the local bus extension (ILBX II); the serial system bus (ISSB); and two buses borrowed from the multibus I architecture, the isbx input/output expansion bus and the multichannel direct-memory-access bus. These buses can be combined in almost any way.
Self-discriminating and hierarchical assembly of racemic binaphthyl-bisbipyridines and silver ions: from metallocycles to gel nanofibers (2010)

A heterochiral metallocycle was formed by self-discriminating assembly of racemic bisbipyridines and silver ions, and further self-organized into nanofibers immobilizing organic solvents in a distinct pattern from the enantiopure version reported by us previously.
Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotide Synthesis and Metabolism (2002)

Purine and pyrimidine nucleotides are major energy carriers, subunits of nucleic acids and precursors for the synthesis of nucleotide cofactors such as NAD and SAM. Despite the obvious importance of these molecules, we still have much to learn about how these nucleotides are synthesized and metabolized by plants. Moreover, of the research that has been done in this area relatively little has used genetic analysis to evaluate the function(s) of specific enzymes.

The pathways for the synthesis of nucleotides in plant cells are similar to those found in animals and microorganisms. This conclusion is based primarily on the results of studies using in vivo radiotracers, specific inhibitors of nucleotide synthesis and on analyses of the kinetic parameters of purified enzymes involved in nucleotide synthesis that are unlikely to have similar demands for purine and pyrimidine nucleotides have been used in this research. A more comprehensive understanding of the role(s) of specific nucleotide biosynthetic enzymes throughout plant development and factors that regulate their activity/expression is still lacking. Ultimately this information will explain how the requirements of different plants are met, such as those of ureide-producing legumes (Schubert and Boland, 1990) or those synthesizing caffeine (Suzuki et al., 1992; Ashihara and Crozier, 1999).

There are two principal routes for the synthesis of nucleotides: the de novo and the salvage pathways (Figures 1 and ​and2,2, Figures 3 and ​and4,4, respectively). Using 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP), the de novo pathway enzymes build purine and pyrimidine nucleotides from “scratch” using simple molecules such as CO2, amino acids and tetrahydrofolate. This route of nucleotide synthesis has a high requirement for energy as compared that of the salvage pathway. For example, five of the 12 steps of de novo purine synthesis require hydrolysis of ATP or GTP but only one salvage cycle reaction uses ATP. The enzymes of both of these biosynthetic routes are classified as “housekeeping” enzymes because they perform basic, cellular activities and are assumed to be present in low, constitutive levels in all cells. Whereas the de novo pathway is thought to reside in plastids, salvage cycle enzymes may be localized in more than one compartment.




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Figure 1.


De novo biosynthetic pathway of purine nucleotides in plants. Enzymes shown are: amido phosphoribosyltransferase, (2) GAR synthetase, (3) GAR formyl transferase, (4) FGAM synthetase, (5) AIR synthetase, (6) AIR carboxylase, (7) SAICAR synthetase, (8) adenylosuccinate lyase, (9) AICAR formyl transferase, (10) IMP cyclohydrolase, (11) SAMP synthetase, (12) adenylosuccinase, (13) IMP dehydrogenase, (14) GMP synthetase.
UNIX system V : ユーザプログラマシステム・アドミニストレーション・リファレンス・マニュアル追補 : リリース3.1新機能 (1989)

このマニュアルは、ＡＴ＆Ｔ ３Ｂ２コンピュータ用ＵＮＩＸ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ Ｖリリース３．１に特有な新機能を記述しています。ユーザ・リファレンス・マニュアル、プログラマ・リファレンス・マニュアルおよび、システム・アドミニストレーション・リファレンス・マニュアルに記述されるべき内容が本書一冊に収められています。
Eight Arm Maze for Mice (1983)

Certain behaviors have been found to be mediated by the brain. Eight-arm maze behavior is a measure of spatial-memory, and the integrity of this has been connected with the integrity of the hippocampus in rats (Olton & Samuelson, 1976). Mice are useful animals in neuropharmacological research, but an apparatus for mice has not yet been developed, perhaps because mice were thought incapable of executing intricate tasks as compared with rats. We developed an eight-arm-maze adapted for mice to be used for such an experiment and also developed a procedure that was found to be highly useful and easy for mice to carry out, in order to increase their motivation to work in the apparatus. In our early studies we had shown that neonatal exposure to phenobarbital destroyed hippocampal neurons (Yanai & Bergman, 1981). Consequently, we used a sensitive eight-arm-maze to show that even small differences in performance can be clearly shown in this maze.
Drug-induced nephropathy: an update (2005)

Medications cause renal disease by promoting various types of injury in the kidney. Several drugs reduce renal perfusion and cause prerenal azotemia. Vascular disease can develop following exposure to various medications through direct and indirect effects. A number of glomerular lesions have been described with therapeutic agents and illicit drugs. Acute interstitial nephritis occurs from a drug-induced allergic reaction, which promotes interstitial inflammation and tubular damage. Acute tubular necrosis is a dose-dependent process that occurs from direct drug toxicity on tubular epithelia. Other less common patterns of drug-induced tubular injury include osmotic nephropathy, crystal nephropathy and acute nephrocalcinosis. Finally, postrenal azotemia from structural or functional obstruction of the urinary tract also complicates therapy with a number of medications.
Aminoacylase pellets (1977)

Abstract Aminoacylase was immobilized on the mycelium pellets of Aspergillus ochraceus by using albumin and glutaraldehyde. No difference in the optimum pH was observed between native aminoacylase and aminoacylase pellets. The amino‐acylase pellets were stable in pH 4–8 but they were unstable in alkaline conditions. The aminoacylase pellets were more stable against heavy metal ions and inhibitors than native aminoacylase. However, the degree of the activation of aminoacylase with cobalt ion decreased with the immobilization. It was suggested that most of aminoacylase was covalently coupled to the mycelium with glutaraldehyde.
A Waste-Free Fairness Control for Rings with Spatial Reuse (2001)

While spatial reuse in a high-speed ring increases the throughput performance, it leads to a fairness problem in distributing the network bandwidth among distinct nodes. To alleviate this problem, fairness control algorithms based on a packet window have been developed. Under these algorithms, satisfied nodes are forced to pass empty slots to starved downstream nodes until their windows are refilled by a reset signal. This regulation incurs a bandwidth waste corresponding to the travel distance of those empty slots. In this paper, a waste-free fairness control method based on a two-layer window composed of the cycle and packet windows is developed. Using the proposed method, packets allocated to multiple fairness cycles are simultaneously transferred and, in consequence, the otherwise wasted bandwidth can be reused to carry, in advance, packets allocated to future fairness cycles. This method is applied to two typical ring protocols with only the packet window, ATMR and MetaRing, and their performances are investigated The simulation results show that the cycle window is very effective to improve the performance of the ATMR and MetaRing protocols.
T2-prepared Steady-State Free Precession Blood Oxygen Level–Dependent MR Imaging of Myocardial Perfusion in a Dog Stenosis Model (2005)

radiology.rsnajnls.org/cgi/content/full/236/2/503/DC1
Framework for Layer 2 Virtual Private Networks (L2VPNs) (2006)

This document provides a framework for Layer 2 Provider Provisioned
Virtual Private Networks (L2VPNs). This framework is intended to aid
in standardizing protocols and mechanisms to support interoperable
L2VPNs. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
ONE-WATT GaAs <i>p-n</i> JUNCTION INFRARED SOURCE (1963)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation W. N. Carr, G. E. Pittman; ONE‐WATT GaAs p‐n JUNCTION INFRARED SOURCE. Appl. Phys. Lett. 15 November 1963; 3 (10): 173–175. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1753837 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Interaction of call blocking and cell loss in an ATM network (1994)

The introduction of broadband ATM networks and services will raise new operational issues. An area of significant challenge to the network operators will be network dimensioning. ATM networks differ from today's STM networks in that they will have to provide acceptable performance with respect to not only call blocking, but also cell loss and cell delay. Consequently, it is important to understand the interaction of call blocking and cell loss/delay in ATM networks. The paper presents a method of exploiting the interaction of call blocking and cell loss performance in order to efficiently operate the ATM networks. Specifically, the paper demonstrates that when the network is dimensioned or engineered to meet an appropriate call blocking objective, the cell loss performance perceived by the accepted calls can be significantly better than the cell loss objective set for the connection admission control (CAC) to admit or deny a call.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>