gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An implementation of a TMN-based SDH management system in Japan (1995)

Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) equipment based on fiber optics, SDH interfaces, and supporting operation systems (OSs) was introduced into Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT)'s transmission-line networks beginning in 1989. One of the major problems in the first phase was less intelligent proprietary interfaces between network elements (NEs) and OSs, which caused limited connectivity among different types of NEs and OSs. A second problem was the lack of reusability of software modules for a specific type of equipment for other types of equipment. At the beginning of the second phase, the principles of the telecommunications management network (TMN) were adopted to provide good tools for defining standard interfaces and object oriented modeling. The article describes problems encountered in the first phase SDH network management system and summarizes advantages expected from making use of TMN-related standards available at the design stage of the second phase SDH network management system. It outlines the new SDH network management system, followed by results from the application of the TMN-related standards to real networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cross-Linkable Polyimide Membrane for Natural Gas Purification and Carbon Dioxide Plasticization Reduction (2007)

The ability of propanediol monoester cross-linkable (PDMC) polymer to effectively separate CO2 from CH4, and the polymer's stability against plasticization under high CO2 pressures, was investigated. The cross-linked PDMC membranes were found to have significantly higher CO2 permeability and slightly higher selectivity for the CO2/CH4 separation than the un-cross-linked PDMC membranes. Cross-linking temperature was found to have a significant impact on the permeation properties of the membranes. The PDMC membrane permeation results are compared with previous research that uses other cross-linking agents for CO2 plasticization resistance and found to offer an excellent balance between extent of cross-linking and tradeoff between mechanical and transport properties. The cross-linked membranes not only outperform the un-cross-linked membranes with their enhanced transport properties but also provide vastly superior plasticization resistance against aggressive CO2 steams. Un-cross-linked and cross-linked PDMC membranes were characterized via permeation (pure and mixed gas), density, Tg, and sorption measurements.
Lipid Peroxidation and 5-Lipoxygenase Activity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2004)

We studied the urinary excretion of the isoprostane 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) as an index of in vivo oxidant stress, and the production of leukotriene (LT) B(4) (LTB(4)) by neutrophils in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and normal subjects. Overnight urinary excretion of the isoprostane was significantly higher in patients with COPD than in control subjects, and LTB(4) production by challenge of neutrophils obtained from patients with COPD was also significantly higher than that observed in control neutrophils. Treatment with a standardized polyphenol extract caused a significant decrease in isoprostane excretion, accompanied by a statistically significant increase of Pa(O(2)). Furthermore, changes in FEV(1) significantly correlated with the changes in isoprostane urinary excretion observed from enrollment to the end of treatment. The results of this study suggest that enhanced oxidative stress in subjects with COPD is paralleled by the increased ability of neutrophils to synthesize the chemotactic factor LTB(4), and may ultimately contribute to the infiltration/activation of neutrophils into the airways of subjects with COPD. Antioxidant treatment in subjects with COPD is effective in reducing oxidant stress as shown by the decrease of urinary isoprostane, a reduction that correlates with the severity of the disease, as indicated by changes in Pa(O(2)) and FEV(1).
The Preparation of Substituted Hydrazines. II.<sup>1</sup> 3-Pyridylhydrazine via the Phototropic N-(3-Pyridyl)-sydnone<sup>2</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of Substituted Hydrazines. II.1 3-Pyridylhydrazine via the Phototropic N-(3-Pyridyl)-sydnone2Jack M. Tien and I. Moyer HunsbergerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 24, 6604–6607Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01629a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01629a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views461Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Vaginal Douching and the Risk of Tubal Pregnancy (1991)

To explore the possible association between vaginal douching and tubal pregnancy, we interviewed 273 women who were diagnosed with tubal pregnancy at Group Health Cooperative between September 31, 1981 and October 1, 1986. Their responses were compared with responses of a random sample of 722 female members of Group Health Cooperative who were assumed to be at risk of becoming pregnant at the time the cases conceived. After adjusting for differences between cases and controls with regard to other measured risk factors, we found a modest increase in risk associated with having douched more than two times per year in the past (RR = 1.3, 95% CI: 0.9-1.8). Among women who had more than one sexual partner during their lifetime, however, the risk for those who had douched more than twice per year was somewhat higher (RR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.3). There was an indication that women who had been exposed to Chlamydia trachomatis, as indicated by elevated antibody titers, may further increase their risk for tubal pregnancy by douching (RR = 2.4, 95% CI: 0.8-7.3). The associations found in other studies between douching and pelvic inflammatory disease, and between pelvic inflammatory disease and subsequent tubal pregnancy, argue that a relation between douching and tubal pregnancy might be anticipated. Our results offer further support for this hypothesis.
Multi-Tasking with Joint Semantic Spaces for Large-Scale Music Annotation and Retrieval (2011)

Abstract Music prediction tasks range from predicting tags given a song or clip of audio, predicting the name of the artist, or predicting related songs given a song, clip, artist name or tag. That is, we are interested in every semantic relationship between the different musical concepts in our database. In realistically sized databases, the number of songs is measured in the hundreds of thousands or more, and the number of artists in the tens of thousands or more, providing a considerable challenge to standard machine learning techniques. In this work, we propose a method that scales to such datasets which attempts to capture the semantic similarities between the database items by modelling audio, artist names, and tags in a single low-dimensional semantic embedding space. This choice of space is learnt by optimizing the set of prediction tasks of interest jointly using multi-task learning. Our single model learnt by training on the joint objective function is shown experimentally to have improved accuracy over training on each task alone. Our method also outperforms the baseline methods tried and, in comparison to them, is faster and consumes less memory. We also demonstrate how our method learns an interpretable model, where the semantic space captures well the similarities of interest.
Design and perceptual validation of performance measures for salient object segmentation (2010)

Empirical evaluation of salient object segmentation methods requires i) a dataset of ground truth object segmentations and ii) a performance measure to compare the output of the algorithm with the ground truth. In this paper, we provide such a dataset, and evaluate 5 distinct performance measures that have been used in the literature practically and psychophysically. Our results suggest that a measure based upon minimal contour mappings is most sensitive to shape irregularities and most consistent with human judgements. In fact, the contour mapping measure is as predictive of human judgements as human subjects are of each other. Region-based methods, and contour methods such as Hausdorff distances that do not respect the ordering of points on shape boundaries are significantly less consistent with human judgements. We also show that minimal contour mappings can be used as the correspondence paradigm for Precision-Recall analysis. Our findings can provide guidance in evaluating the results of segmentation algorithms in the future.
Obtaining Reliable Human Ratings of Valence, Arousal, and Dominance for 20,000 English Words (2018)

Words play a central role in language and thought. Factor analysis studies have shown that the primary dimensions of meaning are valence, arousal, and dominance (VAD). We present the NRC VAD Lexicon, which has human ratings of valence, arousal, and dominance for more than 20,000 English words. We use Best-Worst Scaling to obtain fine-grained scores and address issues of annotation consistency that plague traditional rating scale methods of annotation. We show that the ratings obtained are vastly more reliable than those in existing lexicons. We also show that there exist statistically significant differences in the shared understanding of valence, arousal, and dominance across demographic variables such as age, gender, and personality.
An innovative local adaptive voltage scaling architecture for on-chip variability compensation (2011)

In this paper we propose a fine-grain Adaptive Voltage and Frequency Scaling (LAVFS) architecture to optimize energy efficiency in presence of in-die variability. For each System-on-Chip power domain, we use a Dynamic Voltage Scaling technique called `Vdd-Hopping' as efficient as DC/DC power converters but much easier to integrate and control at fine-grain. Unlike previous AVS schemes, the supply voltages are fixed and the functional core frequencies are adjusted according to local variability. The hopping ratio is then dynamically determined to achieve an applicative performance target. The proposed Local AVFS architecture based on the dynamic hopping solution and its application to GALS architectures is proposed.
Robot control using neural networks (1988)

Neural network theory is applied to theoretical robot kinematics to learn accuracy transforms. The network is trained on accuracy data that characterize the actual robot kinematics. The network learns the differences in the joint angles to improve the accuracy between the effector endpoint resulting from the theoretically calculated joint angles and the desired endpoint. The trained network generalizes a stationary vector field of accuracy data in a two-dimensional planar region. Results show that a neural network can increase both the accuracy and the positional repeatability of robots. Application of a neural network reduces required computational power, calibration time, maintenance cost, and engineering time when developing controllers for new robots by its emergent generalization, fault-tolerant, and self-organization properties.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Sub-40 nm Zeolite Suspensions via Disassembly of Three-Dimensionally Ordered Mesoporous-Imprinted Silicalite-1 (2010)

Zeolite nanocrystals were prepared from three-dimensionally ordered mesoporous-imprinted (3DOm-i) silicalite-1 by a fragmentation method involving sonication and dissolution within a certain pH range. 3DOm-i silicalite-1 with spherical elements with diameters ranging from 10 to 40 nm and a wide range of crystal sizes (100-200 nm, 500-600 nm, and 1-2 μm) was used as the starting material. The highest yield (57%) of isolated nanocrystals was obtained for 3DOm-i silicalite-1 with a crystal size of 100-200 nm and a spherical element diameter of 40 nm. The smallest nanocrystals obtained, albeit in very low yields, had a 10 nm diameter. Preparation of stable silicalite-1 nanocrystal suspensions fragmented from 20 and 40 nm 3DOm-i silicalite-1 was demonstrated. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy showed that the isolated zeolite nanocrystals can be used as seeds for the epitaxial growth of silicalite-1. An application of these findings was demonstrated: silicalite-1 nanocrystal suspensions were used to deposit seed layers on porous α-alumina disks, which were converted to continuous thin (300-400 nm) films by secondary growth that exhibited both high permeances and separation factors (3.5 × 10(-7) mol m(-2) s(-1) Pa(-1) and 94-120, respectively, at 150 °C) for p- and o-xylene.
Tough Stimuli-Responsive Supramolecular Hydrogels with Hydrogen-Bonding Network Junctions (2014)

Hydrogels were prepared with physical cross-links comprising 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone (UPy) hydrogen-bonding units within the backbone of segmented amphiphilic macromolecules having hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The bulk materials adopt nanoscopic physical cross-links composed of UPy-UPy dimers embedded in segregated hydrophobic domains dispersed within the PEG matrix as comfirmed by cryo-electron microscopy. The amphiphilic network was swollen with high weight fractions of water (w(H2O) ≈ 0.8) owing to the high PEG weight fraction within the pristine polymers (w(PEG) ≈ 0.9). Two different PEG chain lengths were investigated and illustrate the corresponding consequences of cross-link density on mechanical properties. The resulting hydrogels exhibited high strength and resilience upon deformation, consistent with a microphase separated network, in which the UPy-UPy interactions were adequately shielded within hydrophobic nanoscale pockets that maintain the network despite extensive water content. The cumulative result is a series of tough hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties and tractable synthetic preparation and processing. Furthermore, the melting transition of PEG in the dry polymer was shown to be an effective stimulus for shape memory behavior.
Biomechanical Study of Nine Different Tibia Locking Nails (1996)

We compared different nail types within the Bone/Implant-Complex to look for differences in stiffness for axial load, bending and torsion of the System. We simulated comminuted mid shaft fractures by a 2-cm defect osteotomy in paired human cadaver tibiae. We fixed tibiae with one of nine different interlocking nails [AO Unreamed Tibial Nail 9 mm (UTN9), AO Unreamed Tibial Nail 8 mm (UTN8), Russell & Taylor Delta Tibial Nail 9 mm (RTD), Russell & Taylor Reconstruction Tibial Nail 11 mm (RTR), Brooker & Wills Tibial Nail 11 mm (B&W), Grosse & Kempf Tibial Nail 11 mm (G&K), AO Universal Tibial Nail 11 mm (AOU), Klemm & Schellmann Tibial Nail 11 mm (K&S), and Börner & Mattheck Tibial Nail 11 mm (B-M)] according to the manufacturer's recommendations. In torque testing the unslotted nails (UTN9, UTN8, RTD, RTR, B&W) showed significantly higher stiffness compared to the slotted nails (G&K, AOU, K&S, B-M). Compared to intact bone, both groups of nails were significantly less stiff. In axial load testing large diameter nails interlocked by large diameter interlocking bolts (G&K, K&S, B-M) showed significantly higher stiffness. For A-P bending no significant differences between implants were found, but isolated bones showed significantly higher A-P bending stiffness. In varus-valgus bending large diameter nails (RTR, G&K, K&S, B-M) showed significantly higher bending stiffness compared to low diameter (UTN8, B&W) implants.
Absorption Saturation Effects on High-Power CO_2 Laser Beam Transmission (1973)

A theoretical and numerical investigation is made of the effect on a beam of 10.6-microm radiation of absorption saturation of the CO(2) molecules in its path. Saturation of the CO(2) absorption cross section sets in under irradiation at high power levels when induced emission balances the resonant absorption. We show by means of computer plots that soon after a high-power beam with a parabolic profile is turned on, a caustic may form near its boundary as a result of CO(2) absorption saturation in the central portion. At high altitudes we show that absorption saturation can lead to enhanced transmission over long distances.
Consider small nitrogen rejection units (1986)

The economics for small nitrogen rejection units (NRUs) deserve special attention. Currently there are many natural gas wells closed in due to unusually high nitrogen concentrations in well gas. Such wells are unexploited since total inerts are above specifications, liquids removal produces a residue gas with too low a Btu value, or because the price penalty for removing nitrogen costs too much. while there are a number of nitrogen rejection systems that successfully overcome these problems at high feed rates, their complexity is usually thought to prohibit their use as small units.
Sequence of an intestinal cDNA encoding human motilin precursor (1987)

A cDNA clone encoding the human motilin precursor was isolated from an intestinal library using synthetic oligonucleotide probes. The predicted amino acid sequence indicates that the motilin precursor consists of 115 amino acids and includes a 25-residue N-terminal signal peptide followed by the 22-amino-acid motilin sequence and a long, 68-residue C-terminal peptide. The amino acid sequence of human motilin predicted from the cDNA sequence is identical to its porcine counterpart, which has been determined by protein sequencing. Proteolytic processing of promotilin to motilin occurs at the sequence, Lys-Lys, this being the first reported instance of processing occurring at a pair of Lys residues. In other precursors it occurs at Lys-Arg, Arg-Arg, Arg, or very rarely Lys.
Mirror-folded polarization-independent wavelength filter (1991)

A 1.55- mu m polarization-independent optical bandpass filter with a 3-dB bandwidth of 6 AA and a tuning range of at least 100 AA is demonstrated. The photonic circuit of the filter consists of a waveguide TE-TM mode splitter, two parallel electrooptic TE-to-TM, TM-to-TE mode converters as the wavelength selective element, and a reflective mirror at the far end of the crystal. The circuit can be viewed as a mirror-folded version of the polarization-independent filter. It is shown that by passing the light two times through the narrowband mode converters, the filter bandwidth can be reduced by about a factor of two compared to a conventional single-pass filter of the same length. A novel tunable mode converter structure is also demonstrated that allows coherent in-phase mode conversion during the two passes through the mirror-folded filter.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Frontier-controlled cycloaddition reactions of phencyclone with electron-rich dienophiles via charge-transfer complexes: kinetic study and its mechanistic aspects (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFrontier-controlled cycloaddition reactions of phencyclone with electron-rich dienophiles via charge-transfer complexes: kinetic study and its mechanistic aspectsMasami Yasuda, Kazunobu Harano, and Ken KanematsuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 19, 3836–3841Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00332a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00332a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views231Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Distributed network computing over local ATM networks (1995)

Communication between processors has long been the bottleneck of distributed network computing. However, recent progress in switch-based high-speed local area networks (LANs) may be changing this situation. Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is one of the most widely-accepted and emerging high-speed network standards which can potentially satisfy the communication needs of distributed network computing. We investigate distributed network computing over local ATM networks. We first study the performance characteristics involving end-to-end communication in an environment that includes several types of workstations interconnected via a Fore Systems' ASX-100 ATM switch. We then compare the communication performance of four different application programming interfaces (APIs). The four APIs were Fore Systems' ATM API, the BSD socket programming interface, Sun's remote procedure call (RPC), and the parallel virtual machine (PVM) message passing library. Each API represents distributed programming at a different communication protocol layer. We evaluated two popular distributed applications, parallel matrix multiplication and parallel partial differential equations, over the local ATM network. The experimental results show that network computing is promising over local ATM networks, provided that the higher level protocols, device drivers, and network interfaces are improved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Study of Divergence in the Boundary Layer Using Optical Propagation Techniques (1974)

A wind-measuring system using three separate optical systems, each consisting of a 3 mW He-Ne 1aser and two photodiode receivers, forming an equilateral triangle 300 m on a side, has successfully measured the divergence over the area of the triangle, and the space-averaged horizontal wind vector. Good correlation was found between the flow into the triangle and occurrences of thermal plumes seen by an adjacent acoustic sounder. The flow into the triangle was proportional to the vertical velocity. During large convective activity, there was a certain periodicity in the occurrence of plumes.
N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed (4 + 2) Cycloaddition/Decarboxylation of Silyl Dienol Ethers with α,β-Unsaturated Acid Fluorides (2011)

Herein we report the first all-carbon N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed (4 + 2) cycloaddition. The reaction proceeds with α,β-unsaturated acid fluorides and silyl dienol ethers and produces 1,3-cyclohexadienes with complete diastereocontrol (dr >20:1) while demonstrating a new type of reaction cascade exploiting α,β-unsaturated acyl azoliums.