gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using Arm Configuration to Learn the Effects of Gyroscopes and Other Devices (2003)

Previous studies have perturbed the association between motor commands and arm movements by applying forces to the arm during two-dimensional movements. These studies have revealed that, when the normal hand path is perturbed, subjects gradually adapt their motor commands to return to this path. The present study used the spin of a gyroscope to create a complex perturbation, as subjects reached to targets presented in three dimensions. Hand path did not change, but the whole-arm geometry ("arm configuration" in four dimensions) was altered. Over a series of several hundred reaches to various targets, subjects gradually returned the arm movement to its normal configuration. Furthermore, during the course of this learning, subjects used a strategy that involved manipulating arm posture. A similar strategy was observed when subjects made reaching movements with a rod attached to the upper arm to change its inertial characteristics. In both cases, the gradual return to the normal arm movement was accomplished without an increase in kinetic energy, suggesting that arm postures and movements (kinematics) and muscular forces (kinetics) may be mutually optimized. In contrast to previous studies, the present results highlight the role of arm configuration (rather than hand path) in learning and control.
High‐Efficiency Solution‐Processed Small Molecule Electrophosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (2011)

Spin-coated small-molecule organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on green-emitting Ir(mppy)3-doped 4,4'-bis(9-carbazolyl)-biphenyl (CBP) blended with electron- and hole-transporting molecules are demonstrated to have very high efficiencies (up to 60 lm/W and 69 Cd/A without any outcoupling enhancement, which can double with a high-quality microlens array). An additional electron-transporting/hole-blocking BPhen layer is thermally evaporated on the active layer, followed by the LiF/Al cathode.
Electrophoretic Studies of Silk (1939)

A micro-electrophoretic technique was used to determine the characteristic pH-mobility curves for fibroin and for sericin and to ascertain the extent of removal of the latter during degumming by the soap and enzyme processes. The data suggest that sericin contains a much greater proportion of reactive groups than fibroin, and indicate the importance of obtaining either uniform or complete removal of sericin during degumming processes. The isoelectric points are shown to vary slightly with ionic strength. In acetate buffers of 0.02 M ionic strength, the isoelectric point of fibroin is 3.6 and that of sericin, 4.3. Large ions of complex structure such as phthalate or picrate appear to have specific effects which are readily detectable by the electrophoretic technique. Dissolved fibroin adsorbed on glass particles and fibroin regenerated from similar solutions had the same isoelectric points but different pH-mobility curves. Fibroin regenerated after dissolving in solutions of lithium bromide gave the same pH-mobility curve as untreated fibroin.
High rejection UNII 5.2GHz wideband bulk acoustic wave filters using undoped single crystal AlN-on-SiC resonators (2017)

5.24GHz bulk acoustic wave filters, utilizing undoped single crystal aluminum nitride, are reported. The filters had an absolute 4dB bandwidth of 151 MHz, a minimum insertion loss of 2.82 dB and rejection >38 dB. Resonators show k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> of 6.32%, Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rnax</sub> of 1523, and FOM of 96.
Roentgen and Light Therapy of Intestinal and Peritoneal Tuberculosis (1938)

ROENTGEN and light irradiation have been applied to intestinal and peritoneal tuberculosis with results sufficiently favorable to warrant their more frequent trial. In this paper will be discussed briefly their effects on animal and human tissue, the indications and technic of usage in accord with the pathology, the clinical applications, and comparative clinical results. Effects of X-ray on Body Tissue.—The susceptibility of cells to x-ray varies according to a specific range of sensitiveness of each histologic variety. Certain kinds are injured or destroyed by small doses of x-ray, while others resist and tolerate large doses. With excessive dosage even the least radiosensitive varieties of cells may be injured or destroyed. Cells most radiosensitive (1) are: lymphoid cells or lymphocytes, present in spleen, lymph nodes, intestinal lymph follicles, circulating blood, bone marrow, thymus, tonsil, etc.; polymorphonuclear leukocytes and eosinophiles in blood or tissues; epithelial cells; endothelial cells of blood vessels, pleura, and peritoneum; and connective tissue; muscle, bone, fat, and nerve cells. The most susceptible cells are those which, from a metabolic standpoint, are younger and mitotically more active; the cell age is less important than the specific vulnerability of different cell varieties, in determining reaction to x-ray exposure. Effect of X-ray Exposure on Intra-abdominal Lymph Glands.—Lymphoid tissue in the intestinal wall and in intra-abdominal and mesenteric glands responds biologically to x-ray irradiation in the same manner as lymphoid cells elsewhere in the body. Exposure of the entire animal body shows that, depending on the degree of dosage and the interval between their irradiation and death, there is marked destruction of lymphocytes. Lymphocytic disintegration may take place within 15 minutes after exposure. As lymphoid follicles disappear stroma becomes more prominent. The lymph glands atrophy and are progressively reduced in volume. Phagocytic reticular cells ingest nuclear chromatin of destroyed cells which finally undergoes intracellular digestion. Some regeneration of lymphoid tissue occurs after from seven days to three weeks. Effect of excessive radiation on intestinal mucous membrane varies for different parts, the mucosa of the small intestine being more sensitive than that of the colonic mucosa. The duodenal and jejunal mucosa are the most sensitive portions of the alimentary tract and may be irritated with x-ray dosage insufficient to produce erythema of overlying skin. Within a few hours after a therapeutic dose is given to the upper half of the abdomen, digestive disturbances characterized by anorexia, nausea, and vomiting may occur, and after several days, diarrhea. Warren and Whipple (2) have shown in experimental work that the mucosa of the small intestine is highly susceptible to hard and short wave roentgen rays and that an overdose may produce intestinal ulceration.
A Method on Generating Product Feature Trend Map from Press Releases using Syntactic Dependency Analysis with Expression Phrases (2006)

It is important to analyze existing products of competitors when a product planner develops new products. In this research, we proposed a method of extracting product trend keywords from press releases to support product strategy analysis. In order to extract keywords from press releases, we utilize expression phrases which are defined as description patterns. A description pattern enables extracting keywords describing features of a product that cannot be extracted by using simply word frequency. Additionally, we utilize derivation patterns, which are expression phrases derived from a description pattern, to extract keywords more flexibly. Also to grasp time-series movement in the feature of each product, product feature trend map is discussed.
On human development: lessons from stem cell systems (2014)

In September 2014, over 100 scientists from around the globe gathered at Wotton House near London for the Company of Biologists' workshop 'From Stem Cells to Human Development'. The workshop covered diverse aspects of human development, from the earliest stages of embryogenesis to differentiation of mature cell types of all three germ layers from pluripotent cells. In this Meeting Review, we summarise some of the exciting data presented at the workshop and draw together the main themes that emerged.
Novel Left Ventricular Assist System II. (2004)

The pump's outflow connector of the Novel Left Ventricular Assist System I (Novel LVAS I) has been redesigned to be sutured to the infrarenal abdominal aorta either as a procedure of choice (due to its simplicity) or as an alternative in the presence of an unhealthy descending thoracic aorta. The implantation of the Novel Left Ventricular Assist System II (Novel LVAS II) requires only a single passage of the pump's inflow connector through the diaphragm. Of still greater importance, the Novel LVAS II enables a considerably shorter (20- or 22-mm) Dacron vascular graft as the outflow connector to the abdominal infrarenal aorta. The electrocardiogram-synchronized Novel LVAS II possibly ensures the most effective approach to the perfusion of visceral organs and kidneys, while avoiding both excessive mechanical stress on the blood and anatomical and functional damage to the native left ventricle.
Artificial Surface‐Mounted Molecular Rotors: Molecular Dynamics Simulations (2007)

Abstract The development of artificial surface‐mounted molecular rotors has benefited from theoretical guidance by molecular dynamics simulations. After a brief survey of the origins of the project, the present understanding of the way in which these simple molecular machines operate is reviewed.
Small Nucleolar RNAs and Pre-rRNA Processing in Plants (1998)

Messenger RNA (mRNA) translation and thereby gene expression depend on the cell's ability to produce vast numbers of ribosomes, the major component of the translational machinery. The complexity inherent in the production of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), the key RNA components of the ribosome, is
<title>Microtrenching during polysilicon plasma etch</title> (1993)

Micro-trenching occurs during plasma polysilicon etch for features with sub 0.5 micrometers spaces and thin gate dielectric. The trenches, which form near the base of etched features as a series of holes through the gate dielectric and into the underlying silicon, are the result of ion scattering off the resist/polysilicon sidewall. By studying structures with varying feature spacing and resist thicknesses we were able to determine that the depth and location of the trenches are related to the aspect ratio (height:width) of the structure, the sidewall profile of the resist/polysilicon line, and the process conditions during over-etch. Ion scattering which causes the micro-trenching is enhanced under conditions of increasing aspect ratio and decreasing sidewall angle of the etched feature.
A new epipolythiodioxopiperazine with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities from the endophytic fungus <i>Chaetomium</i> sp. M336 (2017)

A new compound 6-formamide-chetomin (1) together with chetomin (2) was isolated from solid fermentation products of the endophytic fungus Chaetomium sp. M336, which were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS experiments. The bioassay result showed that compound 1 had strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 6539 and Enterococcus faecalis with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.78 μg/mL; meanwhile it exhibited strong cytotoxicity with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 21.6-27.1 nM against cell lines HeLa, SGC-7901 and A549.
Immediate Inflammatory Response and Scar Formation in Wounded Vocal Folds (2006)

Objectives: Vocal fold scarring is the major cause of voice disorders after voice surgery or laryngeal trauma. The role of inflammatory factors in vocal fold wound healing and fibrosis has not been adequately investigated. Scarless wound healing has been associated with decreased inflammatory responses. To understand scar formation and develop reliable treatments, it is necessary to control extracellular matrix production and inflammation. Thus, we examined the inflammation profile and extracellular matrix production in wounded vocal folds in the acute phase of wound healing. Methods: Vocal fold stripping was performed on 30 Sprague-Dawley rats. Vocal fold tissue was collected at 5 time points (4, 8, 16, 24, and 72 hours). We examined the in vivo messenger RNA expression profile of inflammatory factors interleukin 1β, interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor a, nuclear factor Kβ, transforming growth factor β, and cyclooxygenase 2, as well as hyaluronic acid synthases 1 and 2, procollagen subtypes I and III, and elastin synthase in scarred vocal folds after injury, compared to normal vocal folds, using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results: The inflammatory factors showed a time-dependent sequence of expression peaks, starting with interleukin 1β, nuclear factor Kβ, tumor necrosis factor a (4 and 8 hours), and transforming growth factor β (72 hours). Interferon y decreased at 24 hours. Correspondingly, hyaluronic acid synthase 1 expression peaked first (4 and 8 hours), whereas hyaluronic acid synthase 2 expression peaked at 16 hours and again at 72 hours. Procollagen I expression peaked at 72 hours, whereas procollagen III decreased from 8 to 16 hours but peaked at 72 hours. Cyclooxygenase 2 expression was elevated, whereas elastin expression remained constant. Conclusions: The results show a clear profile of vocal fold inflammation with corresponding changes in extracellular matrix production.
Characterization of a Lactobacillus strain producing white crystals on cheddar cheese (1989)

From an enrichment culture of white-crystal deposits from aged Cheddar cheese, an atypical Lactobacillus strain was characterized. The new isolate is facultatively heterofermentative, has a G + C content of 40 mol%, and produces D and L isomers of lactic acid. The strain had a limited ability to ferment carbohydrates. It utilized fructose, galactose, glucose, lactose, maltose, mannose, and ribose but was negative for esculin, gluconate, citrate, and several other carbon sources. The isolate also had low DNA-DNA homologies with strains of Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum. Cheese prepared with milk containing the isolate developed white crystals during curing. Formation of copious D-lactate from unknown substrates during curing probably caused the white-crystal deposits. The strain has been deposited in the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 49178).
A convenient synthesis of (E,Z)- and (Z,Z)-6-deuterio-2,4-heptadiene (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA convenient synthesis of (E,Z)- and (Z,Z)-6-deuterio-2,4-heptadieneIsabella Knox, Shiow-Cherng Chang, and A. Harry AndristCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 24, 3981–3983Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00444a051https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00444a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views87Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Modulation of thyroid hormone receptor silencing function by co-repressors and a synergizing transcription factor (2000)

We have found that the thyroid hormone receptor (T3R) functionally synergizes with the CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF). CTCF is a highly conserved zinc-finger protein that has been connected with multiple functions in gene regulation including chromatin insulator activity, transcriptional enhancement and silencing as well as tumour suppression. A specific property of CTCF is that some of the binding sites are found in the vicinity of T3R-binding sites. Interestingly, both factors synergize in repression as well as in activation. T3R-mediated repression has been shown to involve co-repressors such as the silencing mediator for retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT), N-CoR or Alien. These co-repressors in turn have been found to interact with Sin3A. Until now, the mechanisms by which CTCF synergizes with T3R in transcriptional repression has not been determined. Here we show that CTCF comprises autonomous silencing domains that mediate transcriptional repression when tethered to a promoter sequence. At least one of these domains, the zinc-finger region of CTCF, binds Sin3A without binding to SMRT or N-CoR and recruits histone deacetylation activity. For Sin3A we identified two different domains interacting independently with the CTCF zinc-finger cluster. The ability of regions of CTCF to retain deacetylase activity is correlated with the ability to bind to Sin3A and to repress transcription. Taking these results together, the synergy in repression mediated by T3R and CTCF might be achieved by the binding of multiple molecules of Sin3A to the T3R/CTCF-DNA complex, thus providing a large platform for the recruitment of histone deacetylases.
Cost effective FPGA probabilistic fault emulation (2014)

This paper presents a cost effective FPGA fault emulation technique for probabilistic errors. The problem it addresses is how to efficiently inject faults in many locations within a circuit under test. For this purpose, the emulated fault injection (EFI) components proposed are a trade-off between the desire for speed/performance and the inherent physical device limitations of the FPGA. The proposed method also allows exploring the best option for this trade-off with minimal effort. The proposed solution allows enough flexibility to be able to deal with the different EFI architectures selectable by minor code intervention. An analysis of the overhead introduced by EFI components when varying the number of fault locations has been provided. Furthermore, this paper presents a case study of two ISCAS benchmark circuits in order to test our methodologies and to highlight the differences for combinatorial and a sequential circuits. It is shown that the number of fault locations can be increased more than 20 times with similar overhead than other state of the art methods reported in the literature.
Method of reducing the f.m. threshold using a tracking <i>N</i> -path filter (1970)

A self-synchronised N-path filter is used to track the instantaneous incoming f.m. carrier. As a result of the narrow bandwidth, a marked reduction of the f.m. threshold, for all f.m. modulation indices, is achieved. The system is described briefly.
Melanocyte–keratinocyte cell transplantation for stable vitiligo (2003)

This surgical treatment gives its best results in segmental and focal vitiligo, even with large affected areas, and in at least 50% of patients with generalized vitiligo, thus improving their appearance.
Resistance training induces muscle-specific changes in muscle mass andfunction in rat (2003)

RESISTANCE TRAINING INDUCES MUSCLE -SPECIFIC CHANGES IN MUSCLE MASS AND FUNCTION IN RAT. Sukho Lee, Roger P. Farrar. JEPonline. 2003;6(2):80-87. Resistance exercise is frequently used to induce hypertrophy in animal model. T his study examined the effects of 8 weeks of resistance training followed by 4 to 8 weeks of detraining on muscle mass and function. The resistance training consisted of climbing (5 reps/3 sets) a ladder carrying a load suspended from the tail. The weights were increased gradually throughout the 8 weeks of training, with the average weight at t he end of training equal to 950 g; 332% body wt. Following 8 weeks of training, we observed a 17.5% increase in absolute muscle mass and 23% increase in peak tetanic tension (Po) in the f lexor hallucis longus (FHL). Surprisingly, the more commonly used plantar flexor muscles including soleus (1%), plantaris (2.9%) and gastrocnemius (0%) did not appear to be affected by resistance training. Muscle masses of FHL were still significantly higher after detraining compared to control level (14.6% in 4 weeks and 9.7% in 8 weeks). Therefore, additional length of detraining would be required to return muscle mass and strength to pre-training level. The changes in Po values were proportional to changes in mass, maintaining specific tetanic tension (SPo) from 28.2±0.4 to 30.7±1.0 N/cm 2 across groups. We believe that this model provides is highly suitable for future studies that investigate mechanism of hypertrophy in response to resistance training.
Long-term evaluation of knee stability and function following surgical reconstruction for anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency (1988)

Currently used measures of knee stability and function for ACL reconstructed knees have not gained universal acceptance. Clinical test results often are given more value than the patient's subjective evaluation of the surgical outcome. This study was designed to identify specific knee stability and function variables that were most predictive of the patient's rating of knee function following one of two types of combined (intraarticular and extraarticular) ACL reconstruction procedures. Individual measures of knee stability and function were also evaluated for differences between contralateral operated and nonoperated limbs. Postoperative and healthy contralateral knees of 51 male and female patients aged 18 to 49 years (mean, 23.7 years) were evaluated on a battery of tests at an average of 48.0 months after surgery (range, 24 to 101 months). All subjects possessed a normal contralateral knee for comparative purposes. The results of this retrospective study indicated that the variables selected were not highly correlated with, nor could they effectively predict, the patients' perceptions of postoperative knee status as measured by the Knee Function Rating Form (KFR). Statistically significant differences (P less than 0.001) between operated and nonoperated knees were found for 9 of 11 variables analyzed. The data suggest that patients' perceptions of postoperative knee status were independent of the results of static and dynamic clinical tests commonly used to assess knee stability and function. Postoperative deficits of up to 30% between the surgically reconstructed and normal contralateral knees on specific measures of knee stability and function did not greatly influence the patients' perceptions of knee function. Development of new, more specific dynamic tests may be necessary before stronger relationships between clinical test results and patients' perceptions of knee status in the ACL reconstructed knee can be realized.