gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-cost thermoforming of micro fluidic analysis chips (2002)

We present a new method for the low-cost manufacture of micro fluidic devices from polymers for single use. Within a one-step or two-step process inside a hot embossing press, micro channels are thermoformed into a thin plastic film and welded on to a thicker plastic film or sheet. Sterile, hermetically sealed micro fluidic structures were fabricated from polystyrene for easy opening immediately before use. It even appears to be possible to produce micro fluidic analysis chips from polymers on a coil from which single devices are cut off for use.
Structures of rubratoxins A and B (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructures of rubratoxins A and BGeorge Buechi, K. M. Snader, James David White, J. Zanos Gougoutas, and Sarjant SinghCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 22, 6638–6641Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1970https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00725a045RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (470 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Flow profiling of a surface-acoustic-wave nanopump (2004)

The flow profile in a capillary gap and the pumping efficiency of an acoustic micropump employing surface acoustic waves is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Ultrasonic surface waves on a piezoelectric substrate strongly couple to a thin liquid layer and generate a quadrupolar streaming pattern within the fluid. We use fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy as complementary tools to investigate the resulting flow profile. The velocity was found to depend on the applied power approximately linearly and to decrease with the inverse third power of the distance from the ultrasound generator on the chip. The found properties reveal acoustic streaming as a promising tool for the controlled agitation during microarray hybridization.
Non-ionic Surfactant Modified Cationic Liposomes Mediated Gene Transfection in Vitro and in the Mouse Lung (2009)

As reported previously, cationic liposomes formulated with dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) and N,N-methyl hydroxyethyl aminopropane carbamoyl cholesterol (MHAPC-liposomes) achieved efficient gene transfection in the mouse lung following intratracheal injection. We have studied here the role of surfactants, mannosylerythritol lipid-A (MEL-A) and polysorbate 80 (Tween 80), in affecting gene transfection of MHAPC-lipoplexes (complex with pCMV-luc DNA) in A549 cells and in the mouse lung. MEL-A increased gene transfection of MHAPC-lipoplexes significantly in vitro and slightly in the mouse lung, while Tween 80 decreased it both in vitro and in vivo. As assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and fluorescence imaging, MEL-A might faciliate gene dissociation from MHAPC-lipoplexes with fluorescein-labeled oligodeoxynucleotide (FITC-ODN) after internalization into the cells and retained the lipoplexes in the mouse lung for prolonged time, while Tween 80 was inefficient to deliver foreign gene into target cells and in the lung. These results demonstrated that MEL-A is advantageous to Tween 80 in the modification of cationic liposomes as gene delivery vectors in the lung.
ICOS and CD28 reversely regulate IL-10 on re-activation of human effector T cells with mature dendritic cells (2002)

With newly generated ICOS-ligand (ICOS-L)-specific monoclonal antibodies we determined that human Langerhans cells in situ express similar levels of ICOS-L, CD80, and CD86, compared to immature dendritic cells (DC) derived from monocytes in vitro. Maturation of DC strongly up-regulated CD80 and CD86 but did not significantly change ICOS-L levels. On coculture of "naive"CD4(+) T cells with mature DC in the presence of superantigen, ICOS was highly up-regulated on T cells, but played only a secondary role in the CD28-dominated release of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, and did not participate in the induction of IL-2. Cocultures of "effector" CD4(+) T cells with mature DC revealed CD28 as the driving force for the secretion of IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and IL-13, with no apparent contribution of ICOS. In contrast, the release of IL-10 was differentially regulated. Interaction of ICOS with ICOS-L strongly promoted IL-10 secretion, whereas the CD28/B7 pathway acted as a potent attenuator of IL-10 release. Our data thus indicate a selective regulation of IL-10 secretion by ICOS on re-activation of effector T cells with professional antigen-presenting cells (bearing CD80 and CD86) in lymphoid tissue.
Cytotactin binding: inhibition of stimulated proliferation and intracellular alkalinization in fibroblasts. (1991)

Cytotactin is an extracellular matrix protein that is dynamically and transiently expressed in a place-dependent fashion during development by glial cells, fibroblasts, and several other cell types. In the present study, the effects of cytotactin on cell proliferation were examined in fibroblastic cells in culture. NIH 3T3 mouse cells plated on tissue culture substrata in the presence of soluble cytotactin remained rounded for longer periods than untreated control cells, similar to their response to cytotactin-coated substrates. These rounding effects could be prevented by pretreatment of the cells with nocodazole, a microtubule-disrupting agent. Cytotactin inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts in culture in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and this inhibition occurred even after nocodazole treatment. In addition, the presence of cytotactin inhibited proliferation stimulated by growth factors or tumor promoter. These effects on cell growth were accompanied by an early inhibition of the intracellular alkalinization that normally occurs upon mitogenic stimulation by a number of growth-promoting agents. Together these observations suggest that cytotactin is an endogenous cell surface modulatory protein and provide a possible mechanism whereby cytotactin may contribute to pattern formation during development, regeneration, tumorigenesis, and wound healing.
Bioactive Steroids from the Formosan Gorgonian Isis Hippuris (2000)

Bioassay-directed fractionation has resulted in the isolation of nine steroids namely gorgosterol (1), 3β, 7α, llα-trihydroxygorgost-5-ene-12β-acetate (2), 3α-acetoxy-24-methyl-11β,18; 18,20~; 22,25-triepoxy-5a-furostane (3), hippurin-(4), 2-deacetylhippurin-1 (5), 22-epi-hippurin-1 (6), 3-acetyl-2-deacetyl-22-epi-bippurin-l (7), 2-deacetyl-22-epi-bippurin-l (8) and 22-epi-hippuristanol (9) from the acetone extract of the Formosan gorgonian Isis hippurin, in addition to the orange-red pigment peridinin (10). The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Biological studies revealed that compounds 5, 7-9 exhibited potent cytotoxicity against NUGC tumor cell
ILP-based co-optimization of cut mask layout, dummy fill, and timing for sub-14nm BEOL technology (2015)

Self-aligned multiple patterning (SAMP), due to its low overlay error, has emerged as the leading option for 1D gridded back-end-of-line (BEOL) in sub-14nm nodes. To form actual routing patterns from a uniform "sea of wires", a cut mask is needed for line-end cutting or realization of space between routing segments. Constraints on cut shapes and minimum cut spacing result in end-of-line (EOL) extensions and non-functional (i.e. dummy fill) patterns; the resulting capacitance and timing changes must be consistent with signoff performance analyses and their impacts should be minimized. In this work, we address the co-optimization of cut mask layout, dummy fill, and design timing for sub-14nm BEOL design. Our central contribution is an optimizer based on integer linear programming (ILP) to minimize the timing impact due to EOL extensions, considering (i) minimum cut spacing arising in sub-14nm nodes; (ii) cut assignment to different cut masks (color assignment); and (iii) the eligibility to merge two unit-size cuts into a bigger cut. We also propose a heuristic approach to remove dummy fills after the ILP-based optimization by extending the usage of cut masks. Our heuristic can improve critical path performance under minimum metal density and mask density constraints. In our experiments, we study the impact of number of cut masks, minimum cut spacing and metal density under various constraints. Our studies of optimized cut mask solutions in these varying contexts give new insight into the tradeoff of performance and cost that is afforded by cut mask patterning technology options.
Coded modulation with Low Density Parity Check codes (2001)

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to digital@library.tamu.edu, referencing the URI of the item.
Magnetic properties of nanocrystalline Fe3O4 films (2001)

Nanocrystalline magnetite Fe3O4 films of about 180 nm thick have been deposited on Si(100) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Zero-field-cooled magnetization shows clearly the Verwey transition near 120 K by an abrupt change, which is absent from the field-cooled magnetization. This is correlated to its hysteresis curves where the loops remain open until a high field of 2 T. The magnetization does not saturate in field 2 orders of magnitude higher than its coercive field. Such behaviors may result from the existence of antiphase domains. Antiphase boundaries inside the grains are clearly observed with transmission electron microscopy. Negative magnetoresistance of about 12% has been observed near 120 K in a field of 9 T.
Morphine-Induced Epidermal Growth Factor Pathway Activation in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2011)

Morphine-induced phosphorylation of EGFR occurs via ORs, leading to downstream MAPK/ERK, Akt phosphorylation, cell proliferation, and increased invasion. Notably, ORs are also associated with EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR. Increased coexpression of MOR and EGFR in human lung cancer suggests that morphine may have a growth-promoting effect in lung cancer.
Near-ultraviolet-induced matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization as a function of wavelength (1998)

The matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) effect for the ablation of polypeptide ions was studied as a function of wavelength in the range 360–450 nm, using a tunable titanium:sapphire laser and the matrices (trans)α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, (trans)3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, and (trans)β-indoleacrylic acid. The results demonstrated that the qualitative aspects of the MALDI effect remained largely unchanged as a function of wavelength until the matrix crystal’s absorption coefficient approached 6 × 104 cm−1. Wavelengths at which the absorption coefficient was lower than this value did not produce observable polypeptide ions. In the range of wavelengths where polypeptide ions could be observed, the effect was generated only when the average energy absorbed in the 10-nm layer immediately below the crystal surface was >8 kJ/cm3 regardless of the total amount of energy absorbed in the remainder of the crystal. It was demonstrated that on the basis of the other results in this paper and those in the literature that the mechanism that generates polypeptide ions cannot be either photochemically induced or the same mechanism that gives rise to matrix ions. A model for ionization is proposed that decouples matrix and protein ionization in a simple manner that has direct analogy to the behavior of ionic solutes in polar solvents. The model satisfies the currently available experimental evidence and unifies the results obtained by MALDI at all wavelengths.
Learning to Rank for Information Retrieval (2007)

Learning to Rank for Information Retrieval is an introduction to the field of learning to rank, a hot research topic in information retrieval and machine learning. It categorizes the state-of-the-art learning-to-rank algorithms into three approaches from a unified machine learning perspective, describes the loss functions and learning mechanisms in different approaches, reveals their relationships and differences, shows their empirical performances on real IR applications, and discusses their theoretical properties such as generalization ability. As a tutorial, Learning to Rank for Information Retrieval helps people find the answers to the following critical questions: To what respect are learning-to-rank algorithms similar and in which aspects do they differ? What are the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm? Which learning-to-rank algorithm empirically performs the best? Is ranking a new machine learning problem? What are the unique theoretical issues for ranking as compared to classification and regression? Learning to Rank for Information Retrieval is both a guide for beginners who are embarking on research in this area, and a useful reference for established researchers and practitioners
Influence of messenger RNA secondary structure on translation efficiency. (1984)

Two genes for human immune interferon (hIFN-gamma), synthetic (GIFs) and cDNA prepared from mRNA (GIFm), have been expressed in E. coli under the control of the trp promoter. The expression level of GIFs was 100-fold lower than that of GIFm. Secondary structure analysis of two genes' mRNA surrounding Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence showed the presence of a 8 base-pair stable stem structure preceding SD sequence in GIFs mRNA, but not in GIFm mRNA. Expression of a GIFs gene, in which the stem structure was rendered unstable by changing two bases, became 100 times greater than that of the original GIFs.
Cryopreservation of vascular tissues (2009)

Cryopreservation of human blood vessels may become an important tool in bypass surgery and peripheral vascular reconstruction. Ideally cryopreservation of a blood vessel should preserve functional characteristics comparable to those of fresh controls. The key advantage of cryopreservation is the fact that storage at deep subzero temperatures allows storage of structurally intact living vascular tissues for virtually infinite time. Originally developed for long-time storage of isolated cells, the techniques of cryopreservation of tissues are challenged by the fact that these are complex multicellular systems containing diverse types of cells with differing requirements for optimal preservation. Therefore, the post-thaw functional activity of vascular tissues is determined by the type of blood vessel and, in addition, by the cell packing effect. Moreover, evidence from pharmacological studies suggests that cryopreservation induces tissue specific changes in transmembrane signaling and the mechanisms coupling intracellular calcium release, sensitivity and calcium entry into the smooth muscle cells.
Sensitive and rapid electrochemical bioassay of glycosidase activity (2006)

Here we present a highly sensitive, rapid and simple electrochemical assay for glycosidases based on treatment of the glycosidase with the appropriate p-nitrophenyl glycoside and anodic detection of released p-nitrophenol. The attractive characteristics of the new bioassay should facilitate advanced glycomic research and routine clinical diagnostics since glycosidases are associated with various diseases.
İmanın Psikolojik Yapısı (2016)

Prof. Dr. Hulya Alper, kelam alanindaki calismalariyla taninmakta ve hala Marmara Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi’nde ogretim uyesi olarak gorevine devam etmektedir. Imanin Psikolojik Yapisi adli eser, Hulya Alper’in 2000 yilinda yayinlanan ‘Bir Kelam Problemi Olarak Imanin Psikolojik Yapisi’ adli doktora tezinin 2002 yilinda kitap haline getirilmesiyle elde edilmis bir calismadir.
Data transmission over single-mode fiber by using 1.2-μm uncooled GaInAs-GaAs laser for Gb/s local area network (2000)

We demonstrate 2-Gb/s data transmission through a 5-km-long standard single-mode fiber by using a GaAs-based 1.2-μm GaInAs-GaAs quantum well laser. The fabricated laser exhibits a high characteristic temperature of 140 K. The results indicate the possibility of Gigabit/s local area networks (LANs) using uncooled lasers (possibly surface-emitting lasers) operating at a 1.2-μm wavelength band.
Random walk approach to spin dynamics in a two-dimensional electron gas with spin-orbit coupling (2010)

We introduce and solve a semi-classical random walk (RW) model that describes the dynamics of spin polarization waves in zinc-blende semiconductor quantum wells. We derive the dispersion relations for these waves, including the Rashba, linear and cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions, as well as the effects of an electric field applied parallel to the spin polarization wavevector. In agreement with fully quantum mechanical calculations [Kleinert and Bryksin, Phys. Rev. B \textbf{76}, 205326 (2007)], the RW approach predicts that spin waves acquire a phase velocity in the presence of the field that crosses zero at a nonzero wavevector, $q_0$. In addition, we show that the spin-wave decay rate is independent of field at $q_0$ but increases as $(q-q_0)^2$ for $q\neq q_0$. These predictions can be tested experimentally by suitable transient spin grating experiments.
Performance modeling of multi-layered OSI communication architectures (2003)

A generic queueing network model is formulated for an analytical performance evaluation of communications networks which are layered according to the OSI reference model. The proposed model, based directly on the generic specifications of the reference model, may be used to quantitatively evaluate end-to-end mean performance measures taking into account multiple layers of protocol, a multitude of open connections across the network, the underlying topology, and the manner in which the processing capacity is distributed among the various entities. For the solution of the model, a computationally efficient iterative decomposition algorithm is formulated. To justify the methodology formulated, previous work is reviewed in the area of the analysis of layered systems and the limitations of hitherto proposed performance-evaluation methodologies are exposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
p90 RSK2 Mediates Antianoikis Signals by both Transcription-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms (2013)

How invasive and metastatic tumor cells evade anoikis induction remains unclear. We found that knockdown of RSK2 sensitizes diverse cancer cells to anoikis induction, which is mediated through phosphorylation targets including apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and cyclic AMP (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB). We provide evidence to show that RSK2 inhibits ASK1 by phosphorylating S83, T1109, and T1326 through a novel mechanism in which phospho-T1109/T1326 inhibits ATP binding to ASK1, while phospho-S83 attenuates ASK1 substrate MKK6 binding. Moreover, the RSK2→CREB signaling pathway provides antianoikis protection by regulating gene expression of protein effectors that are involved in cell death regulation, including the antiapoptotic factor protein tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6) and the proapoptotic factor inhibitor-of-growth protein 3 (ING3). PTK6 overexpression or ING3 knockdown in addition to ASK1 knockdown further rescued the increased sensitivity to anoikis induction in RSK2 knockdown cells. These data together suggest that RSK2 functions as a signal integrator to provide antianoikis protection to cancer cells in both transcription-independent and -dependent manners, in part by signaling through ASK1 and CREB, and contributes to cancer cell invasion and tumor metastasis.
Pulse Oximetry Saturations in the First 6 Hours of Life in Normal Term Infants (1999)

The pulse oximetry saturation values and the average percentage of time that normal newborns spend at different saturation ranges in the first 6 hours of life were determined in a cross-sectional study. Pulse oximetry saturation values were measured for a single 20-minute period in 101 normal term newborns between 20 minutes and 6 hours of age. The 25th percentile saturation values in the first postnatal hour (range 91%-100%) were lower than those from the second postnatal hour (range 96%-100%) onward. There was no significant difference between the 50th percentile (range 96%-100%) and the 75th percentile (range 97%-100%) saturation values in all postnatal hours. The babies spent a majority of time with saturations > or = 96% in all postnatal hours. A newborn more than 20 minutes old who does not achieve a pulse oximetry saturation value of 96% over several minutes of observation may need evaluation or continuous monitoring.
<title>Application of long-period grating sensors to respiratory function monitoring</title> (2004)

A series of in-line curvature sensors on a garment are used to monitor the thoracic and abdominal movements of a human during respiration. These results are used to obtain volumetric tidal changes of the human torso showing reasonable agreement with a spirometer used simultaneously to record the volume at the mouth during breathing. The curvature sensors are based upon long period gratings written in a progressive three layered fibre that are insensitive to refractive index changes. The sensor platform consists of the long period grating laid upon a carbon fibre ribbon, which is encapsulated in a low temperature curing silicone rubber. An array of sensors is also used to reconstruct the shape changes of a resuscitation manikin during simulated respiration. The data for reconstruction is obtained by two methods of multiplexing and interrogation: firstly using the transmission spectral profile of the LPG's attenuation bands measured using an optical spectrum analyser; secondly using a derivative spectroscopy technique.
Presence and formation of cobalamin analogues in multivitamin-mineral pills. (1982)

A C T Because the origin of cobalamin (vita- min B12) analogues in animal chows and animal and human blood and tissues is unknown, we investigated the possibility that multivitamin interactions might convert cobalamin to cobalamin analogues. We ho- mogenized three popular multivitamin-mineral pills in water, incubated them at 37C for 2 h, and isolated the cobalamin. Using paper chromatography we ob- served that 20-90% of the cobalamin was present as cobalamin analogues. Studies using cobalamin showed that these analogues were formed due to the concerted action of vitamin C, thiamine, and copper on CN-cobalamin. These cobalamin analogues are ab- sorbed from the gastrointestinal tract of mice and ei- ther fail to stimulate or actually inhibit cobalamin- dependent enzymes when injected parenterally.