gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser-activated shape memory polymer microactuator for thrombus removal following ischemic stroke: preliminary in vitro analysis (2005)

Due to the narrow (3-h) treatment window for effective use of the thrombolytic drug recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA), there is a need to develop alternative treatments for ischemic stroke. We are developing an intravascular device for mechanical thrombus removal using shape memory polymer (SMP). We propose to deliver the SMP microactuator in its secondary straight rod form (length=4 cm, diameter=350 /spl mu/m) through a catheter distal to the vascular occlusion. The microactuator, which is mounted on the end of an optical fiber, is then transformed into its primary corkscrew shape by laser heating (diode laser, /spl lambda/=800 nm) above its soft-phase glass transition temperature (T/sub gs/=55/spl deg/C). Once deployed, the microactuator is retracted, and the captured thrombus is removed to restore blood flow. The SMP is doped with indocyanine green (ICG) dye to increase absorption of the laser light. Successful deployment of the microactuator depends on the optical properties of the ICG-doped SMP, as well as the optical coupling efficiency of the interface between the optical fiber and the SMP. Spectrophotometry, thermal imaging, and computer simulation aided the initial design effort and continue to be useful tools for optimization of the dye concentration and laser power. Thermomechanical testing was performed to characterize the elastic modulus of the SMP. We have demonstrated laser activation of the SMP microactuator in air at room temperature, suggesting this concept is a promising therapeutic alternative to rt-PA.
LA SOBREPOBLACIÓN VULNERA AL PLANETA (2010)

LA SOBREPOBLACION HUMANA Y LA INAPROPIADA UTILIZACION DE LOS RECURSOS NATURALES AFECTAN LA VULNERABILIDAD DEL PLANETA Y DE SUS HABITANTES, AFIRMO DAVID A. NOVELO CASANOVA, DEL INSTITUTO DE GEOFISICA.
A Sonic Jet Corona Ionizer for Electrostatic Discharge and Aerosol Neutralization (1994)

A sonic jet bipolar ionizer has been designed and tested. Ion production rates and characteristics of particulate contaminants were studied as a function of design parameters (i.e., electrode material, and orifice plate material) and of operating conditions (i.e., electrode to orifice distance, pressure, electrode voltage). In the optimized design particle generation by electrode or plate sputtering was eliminated, while particle generation by chemical reaction and subsequent gas to particle conversion was reduced to low levels. The ionizer provided a high output of bipolar ions at rates that ensured balanced operation and low charge neutralization times. An aerosol neutralizer using the corona ionizer was designed and tested with singly charged monodisperse aerosols. The equilibrium charge distribution of the aerosol was measured using an electrical mobility classification technique, and was found to be in good agreement with theoretical predictions.
Natural History and Risk Factors of Atopic Dermatitis in Children (2015)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory allergic diseases with pruritic skin lesions particularly in infancy. It is considered to be the first step of atopic march and has variable disease courses. Many children with AD may resolve their AD symptoms with increasing age and may develop respiratory allergies such as asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis at certain ages. Natural course of AD has been supported by many cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in many countries. In general, atopic dermatitis tends to be more severe and persistent in young children, particularly if they have some risk factors including genetic factors. It appears that approximately 40%-70% of childhood AD will get resolved when they reach the age of 6-7 years. However, it is also observed that over half of the children with AD developed respiratory allergy during late childhood.
Modulation of Smooth Muscle Cell Migration by Members of the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Family (2006)

Low-density lipoprotein receptor family members (LRs) play a key role in the catabolism of many membrane-associated proteins, such as complexes between proteinases and their receptors, in addition to being involved in lipoprotein metabolism as suspected by the hitherto well-established functions of low-density lipoprotein receptor, in a variety of tissues. Recent studies using receptor-deficient or -overexpressing animals and cells have suggested that certain LRs are important regulators of the migration (and proliferation) of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). LR expression is markedly induced in intimal or medial SMCs during the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. Because LRs can modulate the activity of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) receptor and possibly of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor, LRs may influence the migration of SMCs through functional modulation of these membrane receptors. Therefore, SMC migration may be regulated by time-restricted expression of LRs. In agreement with the concept of functional interaction between LRs and membrane signaling receptors, a negative regulator of uPA receptor protein catabolism, LR11, has been identified. Statins modulate the PDGF-induced migration of intimal SMCs via the LR11/uPA receptor cascade. Selective modification of the LRs/uPA receptor/PDGF receptor systems in SMCs may be important for suppression of atherosclerotic plaque formation as well as for preventing intimal thickening after angioplasty.
Do different mechanisms underlie two anxiogenic effects of systemic nicotine? (2003)

Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (alpha7 nAChRs) and 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A) receptors have been implicated in the anxiogenic effects of centrally administered nicotine, but the receptors that mediate the anxiogenic effects of systemic nicotine are not known. This study explored whether competitive nAChR antagonists [dihydro-beta-erythroidine (DHbetaE), 4 mg/kg, and methyllycaconitine (MLA), 5 mg/kg], and a 5-HT1A receptor antagonist (WAY 100635, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) could block the effects of two anxiogenic doses of nicotine in the social interaction test of anxiety. The anxiogenic effect of 0.1 mg/kg nicotine, given 5 min before the test, was blocked by DHbetaE and WAY 100635, establishing roles for alpha4beta2 nAChRs and 5-HT1A receptors. None of the antagonists could block the effect of 0.45 mg/kg nicotine, given 30 min before the test, precluding firm conclusions about the mechanisms underlying this anxiogenic effect. However, there was evidence for a role of alpha7 nAChRs in mediating an endogenous anxiogenic tone, since MLA itself had an anxiolytic effect that was blocked by both doses of nicotine. Thus, both alpha7 and alpha4beta2 nAChRs might have a role in mediating the anxiogenic effects of nicotine.
Driver Behavior Monitoring and Warning With Dangerous Driving Detection Based on the Internet of Vehicles (2020)

In this paper, we design a driver behavior monitoring and warning (DBMW) framework to detect dangerous driving for enhancing road safety through the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). The designed DBMW framework applies onboard image sensors and wearable devices to detect the deviation degree of vehicles and trace the head motion of drivers, respectively. According to our review of relevant research, DBMW is the first framework for driver behavior monitoring and warning that provides the following features: 1) DBMW can keep recognizing the located lane lines and estimating the power spectral density of lane deviation for a vehicle through image sensors, 2) DBMW can keep monitoring driver behaviors and measuring the anomaly level of a driver through wearable devices, and 3) DBMW can instantly send the warning messages of potential dangerous driving to neighboring vehicles and nearby pedestrians through IoV communications as necessary, which makes vehicles and pedestrians be aware of the existence of surrounding dangerous drivers in advance to keep alerting and avoid potential accidents/collisions. In particular, the prototype consisting of an Android-based sensing unit and an Arduino-based wearable device is implemented to verify the feasibility and superiority of DBMW. Experimental results show that DBMW outperforms existing methods and can significantly improve the detection accuracy and false alarm rates of dangerous driving behaviors.
Anomaly detection driven active learning for identifying suspicious tracks and events in WAMI video (2012)

We describe a comprehensive system for learning to identify suspicious vehicle tracks from wide-area motion (WAMI) video. First, since the road network for the scene of interest is assumed unknown, agglomerative hierarchical clustering is applied to all spatial vehicle measurements, resulting in spatial cells that largely capture individual road segments. Next, for each track, both at the cell (speed, acceleration, azimuth) and track (range, total distance, duration) levels, extreme value feature statistics are both computed and aggregated, to form summary (p-value based) anomaly statistics for each track. Here, to fairly evaluate tracks that travel across different numbers of spatial cells, for each cell-level feature type, a single (most extreme) statistic is chosen, over all cells traveled. Finally, a novel active learning paradigm, applied to a (logistic regression) track classifier, is invoked to learn to distinguish suspicious from merely anomalous tracks, starting from anomaly-ranked track prioritization, with ground-truth labeling by a human operator. This system has been applied to WAMI video data (ARGUS), with the tracks automatically extracted by a system developed in-house at Toyon Research Corporation. Our system gives promising preliminary results in highly ranking as suspicious aerial vehicles, dismounts, and traffic violators, and in learning which features are most indicative of suspicious tracks.
Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3CL protease by flavonoids (2019)

There were severe panics caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus. Therefore, researches targeting these viruses have been required. Coronaviruses (CoVs) have been rising targets of some flavonoids. The antiviral activity of some flavonoids against CoVs is presumed directly caused by inhibiting 3C-like protease (3CLpro). Here, we applied a flavonoid library to systematically probe inhibitory compounds against SARS-CoV 3CLpro. Herbacetin, rhoifolin and pectolinarin were found to efficiently block the enzymatic activity of SARS-CoV 3CLpro. The interaction of the three flavonoids was confirmed using a tryptophan-based fluorescence method, too. An induced-fit docking analysis indicated that S1, S2 and S3' sites are involved in binding with flavonoids. The comparison with previous studies showed that Triton X-100 played a critical role in objecting false positive or overestimated inhibitory activity of flavonoids. With the systematic analysis, the three flavonoids are suggested to be templates to design functionally improved inhibitors.
A Method for PAPR Reduction Using Pilot Sequences in SC-FDMA (2010)

In this paper, a method of reducing peak to average power ratio (PAPR) in 3GPP-LTE uplink (SC-FDMA) was proposed. We investigated the method of reducing PAPR using pilot sequences and detailed schemes. The advantages and disadvantages of Walsh-Hadamard Sequences were discussed. This kind of sequence is easy to use but is of high PAPR. Then we discussed several CAZAC sequences, mainly about phase shifted sequences, such as Chu sequence, Frank sequence and Golomb sequence. We also compared the differences between various kinds of pilot sequences. Considering both the complexity and the performance improvement of these sequences, we draw the conclusion that pilots with Golomb Sequence are the best choice among the sequences above.
Fabrication of 3D nanowire frames by conventional micromachining technology (2005)

We report on a simple parallel processing method capable of producing addressable three-dimensional (3D) nanometer-sized structures, such as wires, wire frames and dots. The method, which is fully compatible with standard micromachining, employs isotropic removal of conformally deposited material onto a prepared template, to form nanostructures in the concave corners of the template. The process results in well-defined nanometer scale structures with exact position and spatial arrangement fully determined by the template. An etching mask with nanometer size features and a nanowire pyramid on a freestanding cantilever have been successfully fabricated, demonstrating the feasibility and potential of this technology.
Ionic basis for the electro‐responsiveness and oscillatory properties of guinea‐pig thalamic neurones in vitro. (1984)

The ionic requirements for electro-responsiveness in thalamic neurones were studied using in vitro slice preparations of the guinea-pig diencephalon. Analysis of the current-voltage relationship in these neurones revealed delayed and anomalous rectification. Substitution of Na+ with choline in the bath or addition of tetrodotoxin (TTX) abolished the fast spikes and the plateau potentials, described in the accompanying paper. Ca2+ conductance blockage with Co2+, Cd2+ or Mn2+, or replacement of Ca2+ by Mg2+ abolished the low-threshold spikes (l.t.s.). Substitution with Ba2+ did not significantly increase the duration of the l.t.s., suggesting that under normal conditions the falling phase of this response is brought about by inactivation of the Ca2+ conductance. The after-hyperpolarization (a.h.p.) following fast spikes was markedly reduced in amplitude and duration by bath application of Cd2+, Co2+ or Mn2+, indicating that a large component of this response is generated by a Ca2+-dependent K+ conductance (gK[Ca]). Following hyperpolarizing current pulses, the membrane potential showed a delayed return to base line. This delay is produced by a transient K+ conductance as it can be modified by changing the drive force for K+. Presumptive intra-dendritic recording demonstrated high-threshold Ca2+ spikes (h.t.s.s.) which activate a gK[Ca]. Such h.t.s.s. were also seen at the somatic level when K+ conductance was blocked with 4-aminopyridine. It is proposed that the intrinsic biophysical properties of thalamic neurones allow them to serve as relay systems and as single cell oscillators at two distinct frequencies, 9-10 and 5-6 Hz. These frequencies coincide with the alpha and theta rhythms of the e.e.g. and, in the latter case, with the frequency of Parkinson's tremor.
290. Dephenylation reactions of phenylboron acids and esters (1958)

E. W. Abel, W. Gerrard and M. F. Lappert, J. Chem. Soc., 1958, 1451 DOI: 10.1039/JR9580001451
New Type of Tube for Tracheotomy with Inflatable Cuff and Inner Cannula (1963)

For several years the use of intermittent positive-pressure breathing in the postoperative period has been used on neurosurgical patients at this hospital with increasing frequency. The positive pressure with resultant alveolar inflation has helped prevent postoperative atelectasis and pneumonitis. Intermittent positive-pressure breathing has been particularly useful in patients with quadriplegia who lack intercostal respiratory action and for the first 48 hours after a prolonged neurosurgical procedure. Adequate inflation of the alveoli, however, was impossible utilizing the Chevalier Jackson type of tube for tracheotomy as there was no way to prevent air from escaping from around the tube. Small-cuff type of tubes for endotracheal anesthesia were utilized next, but these had no inner cannula and hence secretions would form on the inside of the tube that were impossible to remove. The tube for tracheotomy that is pictured (Figs. I and ~) has been developedt and used with coinplete success. I t provides not only an inner cannula for cleansing but an inflatable cuff for coinplete occlusion when the intermittent positivepressure breathing is administered (usually for a period of 10 minutes every ~ hours) with a Byrd type of respirator, and an adapter to receive a Byrd type of respirator or fitting for anesthesia. The adapter is a standard size-15 Foregger adapter for anesthesia and is coupled permanently to the cannula for tracheotomy so that there is no
Ablation and deceleration of mass-driver launched projectiles for space disposal of nuclear wastes (1981)

The energy cost of launching a projectile containing nuclear waste is two orders of magnitude lower with a mass driver than with a typical rocket system. A mass driver scheme will be feasible, however, only if ablation and deceleration are within certain tolerable limits. It is shown that if a hemisphere-cylinder-shaped projectile protected thermally with a graphite nose is launched vertically to attain a velocity of 17 km/sec at an altitude of 40 km, the mass loss from ablation during atmospheric flight will be less than 0.1 ton, provided the radius of the projectile is under 20 cm and the projectile's mass is of the order of 1 ton. The velocity loss from drag will vary from 0.4 to 30 km/sec, depending on the mass and radius of the projectile, the smaller velocity loss corresponding to large mass and small radius. Ablation is always within a tolerable range for schemes using a mass driver launcher to dispose of nuclear wastes outside the solar system. Deceleration can also be held in the tolerable range if the mass and diameter of the projectile are properly chosen.
A 6-GS/s 6-bit time interleaved SAR-ADC (2013)

This paper presents a 6-GS/s 6-bit time-interleaved successive approximation register (SAR) analog to digital converter (ADC) realized in 90-nm CMOS. The ADC consists of 32 single SAR-ADCs. The measured effective-number-of-bits (ENOB) at sampling rate of 6.144 GS/s are 5-bit at DC and 3.6-bit at the Nyquist frequency. The power consumption of the ADC-core without I/O's and 4-to-1 output MUX is 359 mW for an input swing of 1 V peak to peak differential, resulting in a FOM of 4.9 pJ/conv.
Nonbonding steric effect on carbon monoxide and oxygen binding to hemes. Kinetics of ligand binding in iron-copper cofacial diporphyrins and strapped hemes (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNonbonding steric effect on carbon monoxide and oxygen binding to hemes. Kinetics of ligand binding in iron-copper cofacial diporphyrins and strapped hemesBrian Ward, Ching-Bore Wang, and C. K. ChangCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 17, 5236–5238Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00407a049Request reuse permissionsArticle Views217Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (419 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
EXPANDING THE "ROMP TOOLBOX" FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING: ASSESSING THE DESIGN CRITERIA FOR RU- PSEUDOHALIDE INITIATORS (2011)

2b even these few suffer from key limitations: in particular, they are difficult to remove from the target materials, and they exhibit too great an extreme of reactivity. Ru-pseudohalide catalysts offer potential solutions to both issues: replacement of the chloride atoms facilitates fine-tuning of reactivity (which could enable access to initiators intermediate between the extremes of 1 and 2a), while the polarity of the aryloxide ligand facilitates chromatographic removal of Ru residues. 3 No systematic study of the pseudohalide initiators in context of ROMP has thus far been undertaken. Here we report the ROMP behaviour of nine RuXX'(IMes)(py)(=CHPh) initiators. Analysis of the roles of ligand geometry, the electronegativity and charge properties of the donor atom, and the capacity of the aryloxide substituents to mediate ligand-ligand interactions, aid in elucidating optimal design criteria. n (M) n (M)
Kinetics of light-driven oxygen evolution at α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>electrodes (2011)

The kinetics of light-driven oxygen evolution at polycrystalline alpha-Fe2O3 layers prepared by aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition has been studied using intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS). Analysis of the frequency-dependent IMPS response gives information about the competition between the 4-electron oxidation of water by photogenerated holes and losses due to electron-hole recombination via surface states. The very slow kinetics of oxygen evolution indicates the presence of a kinetic bottleneck in the overall process. Surface treatment of the alpha-Fe2O3 with dilute cobalt nitrate solution leads to a remarkable improvement in the photocurrent response, but contrary to expectation, the results of this study show that this is not due to catalysis of hole transfer but is instead the consequence of almost complete suppression of surface recombination.
Statistic and knowledge-based moving object detection in traffic scenes (2002)

The most common approach used for vision-based traffic surveillance consists of a fast segmentation of moving visual objects (MVOs) in the scene together with an intelligent reasoning module capable of identifying, tracking and classifying the MVOs in dependency of the system goal. In this paper we describe our approach for MVOs segmentation in an unstructured traffic environment. We consider complex situations with moving people, vehicles and infrastructures that have different aspect model and motion model. In this case we define a specific approach based on background subtraction with statistic and knowledge-based background update. We show many results of real-time tracking of traffic MVOs in outdoor traffic scene such as roads, parking area intersections, and entrance with barriers.
Rapamycin inhibits the growth and muscle-sparing effects of clenbuterol (2006)

Clenbuterol and other beta2-adrenergic agonists are effective at inducing muscle growth and attenuating muscle atrophy through unknown mechanisms. This study tested the hypothesis that clenbuterol-induced growth and muscle sparing is mediated through the activation of Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways. Clenbuterol was administered to normal weight-bearing adult rats to examine the growth-inducing effects and to adult rats undergoing muscle atrophy as the result of hindlimb suspension or denervation to examine the muscle-sparing effects. The pharmacological inhibitor rapamycin was administered in combination with clenbuterol in vivo to determine whether activation of mTOR was involved in mediating the effects of clenbuterol. Clenbuterol administration increased the phosphorylation status of PKB/Akt, S6 kinase 1/p70(s6k), and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1/PHAS-1. Clenbuterol treatment induced growth by 27-41% in normal rats and attenuated muscle loss during hindlimb suspension by 10-20%. Rapamycin treatment resulted in a 37-97% suppression of clenbuterol-induced growth and a 100% reduction of the muscle-sparing effect. In contrast, rapamycin was unable to block the muscle-sparing effects of clenbuterol after denervation. Clenbuterol was also shown to suppress the expression of the MuRF1 and MAFbx transcripts in muscles from normal, denervated, and hindlimb-suspended rats. These results demonstrate that the effects of clenbuterol are mediated, in part, through the activation of Akt and mTOR signaling pathways.