gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Microlens array for modification of SLM devices</title> (1991)

Teledyne Brown Engineering (TBE) has designed a binary optic microlens array that will increase the efficiency of a spatial light modulator (SLM). This paper discusses the design procedure and predicts the simulated performance. It is demonstrated that conventional ray trace modeling is inadequate for micro-optic design due to diffraction effects. A scalar wave solution correctly simulates this phenomenon under most conditions.
Mutual cross-adaptation of the volatile steroid androstenone and a non-steroid perceptual analog (1993)

Self-and cross-adaptation are believed to result from stimulation of the same olfactory sensory channels. These adaptation phenomena were studied after exposures to 5α-androst-16-en-3-one (androstenone) and a synthetic perceptual analog (DMCMC), viz. a racemic mixture of the isomers 4(R)-(4',4'-dimethyl-cyclohexyl)-2(R)-methylcyclohexanone and 4(S)-(4',4'-dimethylcyclohexyl)-2(S)-methylcyclohexanone. In Experiment 1, six subjects very sensitive to androstenone received four randomized sequences of six concentrations of four ordants (androstenone, DMCMC, amyl acetate, and Galaxolide*; plus blanks) before and following adaptation to either androstenone or DMCMC. Exposure to each odorant resulted in self-adaptation. Measures of stimulus intensity and identification threshold revealed reciprocal cross-adaptation between androstenone and DMCMC, but no cross-adaptation to amyl acetate or Galaxolide. The degree of cross-adaptation was asymmetric; adaptation to DMCMC resulted in more complete adaptation to androstenone than vice versa. This asymmetry was apparently due to intensity differences; when stimuli were matched for intensity, the asymmetry disappeared (Experiment 2). These results demonstrate cross-adaptation for qualitatively similar, but not dissimilar, odors and suggest that androstenone and its perceptual analog DMCMC share the same sensory channels.
Theory of transparent BIST for RAMs (1996)

I present the theoretical aspects of a technique called transparent BIST for RAMs. This technique applies to any RAM test algorithm and transforms it into a transparent one. The interest of the transparent test algorithms is that testing preserves the contents of the RAM. The transparent test algorithm is then used to implement a transparent BIST. This kind of BIST is very suitable for periodic testing of RAMs. The theoretical analysis shows that this transparent BIST technique does not decrease the fault coverage for modeled faults, it behaves better for unmodeled ones and does not increase the aliasing with respect to the initial test algorithm. Furthermore, transparent BIST involves only slightly higher area overhead with respect to standard BIST. Thus, transparent BIST becomes more attractive than standard BIST since it can be used for both fabrication testing and periodic testing.
An integrated DC-to-AC converter for electroluminescent displays (2002)

This paper presents an integrated mixed-signal DC-to-AC converter for electroluminescent (EL) displays, featuring a digital synthesis of the required output waveform. The circuit is integrated with a 2.0 /spl mu/m 50 V CMOS technology and is capable of driving EL displays with a power consumption of up to 4.5 VA. It is suitable for standalone applications as well as for applications in clusters digitally controlled by a microcomputer.
Activity of anticancer compounds against Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice. (1998)

Chagas' disease, which is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, remains essentially incurable. Due principally to a lack of profit incentive, the pharmaceutical industry has had limited interest in developing new antichagasic drugs. Thus, a search for agents that exhibit activity against T. cruzi, although medicaments have been developed for the treatment of other diseases, seems justifiable. Responding to evidence that the principal biochemical differences between mammalian cells and African trypanosomes apply equally to T. cruzi, our evaluations were conducted. Previous work showed the effectiveness of anticancer agents against T. rhodesiense. In the present studies, 76 anticancer compounds were assessed for their ability to suppress the trypomastigotes of T. cruzi- infected mice. Five compounds were found to be active. The most effective was cycloheximide, which was more than six times as effective as the standard, nifurtimox.
Endogenous Hormone Levels, Mammographic Density, and Subsequent Risk of Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women (2007)

Circulating sex steroid levels and mammographic density appear strongly and independently associated with the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.
Private Convex Empirical Risk Minimization and High-dimensional Regression (2012)

We consider differentially private algorithms for convex empirical risk minimization (ERM). Differential privacy (Dwork et al., 2006b) is a recently introduced notion of privacy which guarantees that an algorithm’s output does not depend on the data of any individual in the dataset. This is crucial in fields that handle sensitive data, such as genomics, collaborative filtering, and economics. Our motivation is the design of private algorithms for sparse learning problems, in which one aims to find solutions (e.g., regression parameters) with few non-zero coefficients. To this end: (a) We significantly extend the analysis of the “objective perturbation ” algorithm of Chaudhuri et al. (2011) for convex ERM problems. We show that their method can be modified to use less noise (be more accurate), and to apply to problems with hard constraints and non-differentiable regularizers. We also give a tighter, data-dependent analysis of the additional error introduced by their method. A key tool in our analysis is a new nontrivial limit theorem for differential privacy which is of independent interest: if a sequence of differentially private algorithms converges, in a weak sense, then the limit algorithm is also differentially private.
Built-in self-test in multi-port RAMs (2002)

The authors present a novel approach to the test of multi-port RAMs. A novel fault model that takes into account complex couplings resulting from simultaneous access of memory cells is used in order to ensure a very high fault coverage. A novel algorithm for the test of dual-port memories is detailed. This algorithm achieves O(n) complexity thanks to the use of some topological restrictions. The authors also present a novel built-in self-test (BIST) scheme, based on programmable schematic generators, that allows great flexibility for ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) design.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Measurement Of Angiotensinogen In Human Serum By Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay (1988)

Fluorescence polarization immunoassay (F.P.I.A.) has rarely been used to measure components of the renin system. Using an Abbott TDX polarimeter and fluorescein - labelled angiotensin I as a tracer we measured angiotensin I by F.P.I.A. Combining this procedure with a renin incubation step enabled measurement of angiotensinogen in human serum. Using sera from male patients and from pregnant females, a good correlation between radioimmunoassay (R.I.A.) and F.P.I.A. was found. Two procedures were developed; one involving taking samples from the renin incubation mixture, the other involving measurement of generated angiotensin I at intervals without interrupting the renin incubation procedure. F.P.I.A. is less expensive and somewhat simpler than R.I.A. but, with the instrument used, it was less sensitive. An unexpected observation was that human renin increases polarization in solutions containing fluorescein labelled angiotensin I, indicating possible binding of renin to angiotensin I.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 7‐Acylmethyl‐8‐bromo‐3‐methylxanthines with Formamide. (1987)

Abstract The 7‐acylmethyl‐8‐bromoxanthines (III) are obtained by reacting the potassium salt (I) with the α‐bromo ketones (II).
Clinical and laboratory evaluation of National Health Service factor VIII concentrate (8Y) for the treatment of von Willebrand's disease (1990)

This study was carried out to assess the efficacy of NHS 8Y concentrate in the treatment of patients with von Willebrand's disease (vWD). Eight patients (two type I vWD, one type IIA vWD, two type IIB vWD, and three type III vWD) were treated on a total of 10 occasions with 8Y. Following each treatment episode there was a temporary correction of patients' bleeding time (BT) measurements. Other laboratory parameters--von Willebrand factor ristocetin cofactor activity (vWf:RiCo), vWf antigen (vWf:Ag) levels, and factor VIII coagulant activity (factor VIII:C)--were also corrected. Plasma vWf multimers temporarily reflected those present in the infused concentrate. An effective clinical response was observed in each case despite, as revealed by autoradiography and scanning densitometry of SDS-agarose electrophoresis gels, a reduction in the concentration of the largest vWf multimers in 8Y compared with normal plasma. Overall, the clinical effectiveness of 8Y in vWD was comparable to that seen with cryoprecipitate. We conclude that NHS 8Y concentrate may be used as an alternative to cryoprecipitate for the treatment of vWD.
A diagnostic methodology for Alzheimer’s disease (2013)

Unlike other traditional statistical analyses, our method uses a machine learning-based algorithm. Our method selects a small set of important biomarkers for AD, differentiates noisy (irrelevant) from relevant biomarkers and also provides the target networks of the selected biomarkers, which will be useful for diagnosis and therapeutic design. Finally, based on the gender analysis, we observe that gender could play a role in AD diagnosis.
An Algorithm for Nanopipelining of RTD-Based Circuits and Architectures (2005)

In this study, an algorithm to postprocess a register-transfer-level architecture to enable gate-level pipelining or nanopipelining is presented. Nanopipelining is well suited for the nanotechnology based on resonant-tunneling diodes (RTDs) and offers the opportunity to obtain massive throughput and, therefore, has applications in data-intensive algorithms such as digital signal processing. Since RTDs are a self-latching nanoscale device, nanopipelining is an implicit property that should be exploited for this technology. This study explores and addresses the benefits of nanopipelining and presents an algorithm for architectural nanopipelining.
ATOMIZAT10N MECHANISMS OF THE PRESSURIZED METERED DOSE INHALER (1997)

ABSTRACT The pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) is currently the most popular inhalation dosage form for delivering drugs to the lungs in the treatment of asthma and other pulmonary diseases. Factors influencing the production of an effective respirable dose from a pMDI are the formulation and the primary and secondary atomization processes. The concern regarding the atmospheric effects of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) propellants and the advent of alternative, hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) propellants has brought the atomization process to prominence. A review of the pMDI atomization processes is presented.
Pre-operative nutrition and carbohydrate loading (2011)

An optimal nutritional state is an important consideration in providing successful operative outcomes. Unfortunately, many aspects of surgery are not constructive to providing this. In addition, the metabolic and immune response to injury induces a catabolic state and insulin resistance, a known risk factor of post-operative complications. Aggressive insulin therapy post-operatively has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality but similar results can be achieved when insulin resistance is lessened by the use of pre-operative carbohydrate loading. Consuming carbohydrate-containing drinks up to 2 h before surgery has been found to be an effective way to attenuate insulin resistance, minimise protein losses, reduce hospital stays and improve patient comfort without adversely affecting gastric emptying. Enhanced recovery programmes have employed carbohydrate loading as one of several strategies aimed at reducing post-operative stress and improving the recovery process. Studies examining the benefits of these programmes have demonstrated significantly shorter post-operative hospital stays, faster return to normal functions and lower occurrences of surgical complications. As a consequence of the favourable evidence they are now being implemented in many surgical units. Further benefit to post-operative recovery may be found with the use of immune-enhancing diets, i.e. supplementation with n-3 fatty acids, arginine, glutamine and/or nucleotides. These have the potential to boost the immune system, improve wound healing and reduce inflammatory markers. Research exploring the benefits of immunonutrition and solidifying the use of carbohydrate loading is ongoing; however, there is strong evidence to link good pre-operative nutrition and improved surgical outcomes.
Iterative decoding for partial response (PR), equalized, magneto-optical (MO) data storage channels (2001)

Turbo codes and low-density parity check (LDPC) codes with iterative decoding have received significant research attention because of their remarkable near-capacity performance for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. Previously, turbo code and LDPC code variants are being investigated as potential candidates for high-density magnetic recording channels suffering from low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). We address the application of turbo codes and LDPC codes to magneto-optical (MO) recording channels. Our results focus on a variety of practical MO storage channel aspects, including storage density, partial response targets, the type of precoder used, and mark edge jitter. Instead of focusing just on bit error rates (BER), we also study the block error statistics. Our results for MO storage channels indicate that turbo codes of rate 16/17 can achieve coding gains of 3-5 dB over partial response maximum likelihood (PRML) methods for a 10/sup -4/ target BER. Simulations also show that the performance of LDPC codes for MO channels is comparable to that of turbo codes, while requiring less computational complexity. Both LDPC codes and turbo codes with iterative decoding are seen to be robust to mark edge jitter.
Errors in Sampled Data Phase Measurement (1985)

Synchronous real-time sampling can be used to measure the phase angle ϕ between two sine waves in a relatively low-frequency range. The data samples are acquired by a microcomputer-based system, then manipulated to determine ϕ. The system uses less hardware than a traditional phase meter, however there will be an error in ϕ due to mislocating the zero-crossings of the two sine waves. An error analysis is given, which indicates that errors mainly depend on signal amplitudes, number of quantization bits, and number of samples per cycle. Also, numerical results are illustrated.
Towards Internal Structuring of Electrospun Fibers by Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of Polymeric Comb‐Shaped Supramolecules (2005)

Polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) with nominally one pentadecylphenol molecule hydrogen-bonded to each pyridine group has been electrospun, leading to fibers with a hierarchical, structure-within-structure morphology (see Figure). An internal structure on the nanometer length scale exists within a structure on the tens-of-nanometers length scale. Internal porosity can be obtained by selective removal of the amphiphile.
Thermally coupled system of distillation columns: Optimization procedure (1986)

Abstract An analytical solution of thermally coupled system (TCS) optimization was found. Energy requirements of the TCS were minimized provided that the ternary solution being separated is ideal. The TCS is energetically profitable in comparison with other sequences of distillation columns. The solution method can be used for the synthesis of separation systems and for screening calculations, due to the great simplicity of the result.
Effects of Steel Scalpel, Ultrasonic Scalpel, CO<sub>2</sub>Laser, and Monopolar and Bipolar Electrosurgery on Wound Healing in Guinea Pig Oral Mucosa (2003)

Use of the ultrasonic scalpel produced faster re-epithelialization and greater tensile strength than laser or electrosurgical instruments, with results comparable to those seen with the steel scalpel.
Dark Plasmons in Hot Spot Generation and Polarization in Interelectrode Nanoscale Junctions (2013)

Nanoscale gaps between adjacent metallic nanostructures give rise to extraordinarily large field enhancements, known as "hot spots", upon illumination. Incident light with the electric field polarized across the gap (along the interparticle axis) is generally known to induce the strongest surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) enhancements. However, here we show that, for a nanogap located within a nanowire linking extended Au electrodes, the greatest enhancement and resulting SERS emission occurs when the electric field of the incident light is polarized along the gap (transverse to the interelectrode axis). This surprising and counterintuitive polarization dependence results from a strong dipolar plasmon mode that resonates transversely across the nanowire, coupling with dark multipolar modes arising from subtle intrinsic asymmetries in the nanogap. These modes give rise to highly reproducible SERS enhancements at least an order of magnitude larger than the longitudinal modes in these structures.
Vinylidene Fluoride – Hexafluoropropylene Copolymer (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVinylidene Fluoride – Hexafluoropropylene CopolymerStanley Dixon, D. R. Rexford, and J. S. RuggCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1957, 49, 10, 1687–1690Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50574a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50574a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views507Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Avidin Decorated Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Biorecognition Studies by Elastic Light Scattering (2007)

In this paper, a straightforward method based on elastic light scattering is shown to provide a sensitive and reliable tool for the quantitative determination of protein-ligand interactions that occur at the surface of suitably designed core-shell nanoparticles. The assay makes use of monodisperse nanocolloids that have minimal optical contrast with the aqueous environment. By properly coating the particles with avidin and oligo(ethylene glycol)-based amphiphiles, we developed a hybrid system that combines the availability of standard ligands with the necessary bioinvisibility towards the accidental adsorption of nonspecific macromolecules. This probe was employed to detect interactions between different kinds of biotinylated proteins, and it revealed high specificity and affinities in the low nanomolar range. In particular, we obtained an efficient avidin anchorage of biotinylated protein A on the surface of the nanoparticles, which we exploited as a functional probe for the rapid, quantitative, picomolar detection of human IgG antibodies. Overall, these light-scattering-based nanosensors appear as a simple and highly informative tool for proteomics studies.
C# Developer's Guide (2002)

From the Publisher:
This advanced resource is ideal for experienced programmers seeking practical solutions to real problems. Filled with code listings and detailed annotations, this book covers advanced idiomsreflection, attributes, delegates, and threadingplus a terrarium project which involves C# programming for a peer-to-peer virtual world, and much more.
Serotonin: A Local Regulator in the Mammary Gland Epithelium (2013)

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a very simple molecule that plays key roles in complex communication mechanisms within the animal body. In the mammary glands, serotonin biosynthesis and secretion are induced in response to dilation of the alveolar spaces. Since its discovery several years ago, mammary 5-HT has been demonstrated to perform two homeostatic functions. First, serotonin regulates lactation and initiates the transition into the earliest phases of involution. Second, serotonin is a local signal that induces parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), which allows the mammary gland to drive the mobilization of calcium from the skeleton. These processes use different receptor types, 5-HT7 and 5-HT2, respectively. In this review, we provide synthetic perspectives on the fundamental processes of lactation homeostasis and the adaptation of calcium homeostasis for lactation. We analyze the role of the intrinsic serotonin system in the physiological regulation of the mammary glands. We also consider the importance of the mammary serotonin system in pathologies and therapies associated with lactation and breast cancer.
Timestamp-based Integrity Proofs for Linked Data (2018)

In this paper, we first investigate the state-of-the-art methods of generating cryptographic hashes that can be used as an integrity proof for RDF datasets. We then propose an efficient method of computing integrity proofs for Linked Data that constructs a sorted Merkle tree for growing RDF datasets based on timestamps (as a key) that are semantically extractable from the RDF dataset. We evaluate our method by comparing it to existing methods and investigating its resistance to common security threats.
In-Vivo Indentation of Human Skin (1990)

Indentation tests were carried out on the forehead skin of volunteers under loading pressures of 0-5 KPa. The indentation was found to increase asymptomatically with loading pressure. In an attempt to develop a quantitative index for aging of the skin, its response to indentation loading was analyzed in reference to its glycosaminoglycan (GAG) containing ground substance and fibers' network microstructure. An analytic model that considers the skin as an incompressible solid-fluid mixture was developed and utilized to simulate the skin's indentation response. Following parameter fitting, the predicted results are in close agreement with the data. The model can thus serve as a tool for evaluating the effect of changes in the dermis components which accompany aging.
Performance intensity functions in cochlear and eighth nerve disorders. (1979)

In this report, performance intensity functions for monosyllabic materials (PI-PB) were obtained on two groups of subject: 20 patients with eighth nerve pathology and 15 individuals with Meniere's disease. The subjects with retrocochlear involvement exhibited marked deterioration in word recognition as the speech intensity was increased beyond the level required for a maximum discrimination score. Such a dramatic breakdown, referred to as the "rollover effect," was not seen to occur among the subjects with cochlear disorders. Hence, the PI-PB function appears to be a valuable tool for use in the special test battery.