gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of a Subsonic Envelope Flight Control System for the Vista F-16 Using Quantitative Feedback Theory (1993)

A controlled plant's characteristics can vary widely throughout its operational envelope. This is a major problem in nominal plant-based control system design. Hence, gain scheduling is often used for full envelop design. In this paper, it is proposed to address the plant's variability using robust control design concepts. In particular, the frequency domain based Quantitative Feedback Theory Multiple-Input Multiple-Output robust control design method is employed for the synthesis of a full envelop flight control system for an F-16 derivative. Compensators for the aircraft's pitch and lateral directional channels are designed, and the designs are validated using linear simulations.
Magic bench (2017)

Mixed Reality (MR) and Augmented Reality (AR) create exciting opportunities to engage users in immersive experiences, resulting in natural human-computer interaction. Many MR interactions are generated around a first-person Point of View (POV). In these cases, the user directs to the environment, which is digitally displayed either through a head-mounted display or a handheld computing device. One drawback of such conventional AR/MR platforms is that the experience is user-specific. Moreover, these platforms require the user to wear and/or hold an expensive device, which can be cumbersome and alter interaction techniques.
Effect of four genes (ALDH1, NRF1, JAM and KBL) on proliferation arrest in a non-small cell bronchopulmonary cancer line. (2002)

Despite new protocols, non-small cell bronchopulmonary cancers are still difficult to treat by current chemotherapeutic procedures. Thus, it is essential to define new treatment strategies and detect new therapeutic targets. In order to define these new targets, this study applied the "differential display" (DD) technique to the NSCLC-N6 cell line treated with VT1 [methyl-4-methoxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butanoyl)benzoate]. VT1 induces arrest of the NSCLC-N6 cell cycle in the G1-phase, followed by cell death. DD enabled us to detect seven overexpressed mRNAs during treatment, four of which corresponded to identified genes: aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, nuclear transcription factor Nrfl, junctional adhesion molecule, and amino-ketobutyrate ligase. An antisense strategy showed that amino-ketobutyrate ligase is involved in the proliferation arrest of NSCLC-N6 cells in the G1-phase after VT1 treatment.
The Tubulin Colchicine Domain: a Molecular Modeling Perspective (2011)

Computational approaches have been increasingly applied to drug design over the past three decades and have already provided some useful results in the discovery of anticancer drugs. Given the increased availability of crystal structures in recent years, a growing number of molecular modeling studies on tubulin have been reported. Herein we present a brief overview of the role played by computational methods in anti-tubulin research, specifically in the context of colchicine binding agent research. An overview of current structures is reported, along with a brief discussion on the issues associated with the various tubulin isotypes. Finally, a summary of the most recent and relevant results is presented, highlighting the challenges and opportunities faced by researchers in this field.
Losartan-Dependent Regression of Myocardial Fibrosis Is Associated With Reduction of Left Ventricular Chamber Stiffness in Hypertensive Patients (2002)

These findings show a strong association between myocardial collagen content and LV chamber stiffness in patients with essential hypertension. Our results also suggest that the ability of losartan to induce regression of severe myocardial fibrosis is associated with diminution of myocardial stiffness in hypertensive patients.
Contact allergy to isoeugenol and its derivatives: problems with allergen substitution (2004)

A total of 2261 (808 male, 1453 female) consecutive patients attending contact dermatitis clinics were patch tested to isoeugenol and its derivatives listed in the EU Inventory of Fragrance Ingredients. Positive reactions were found to isoeugenol in 40, transisoeugenol in 40, isoeugenyl acetate in 19, isoeugenyl benzoate in 4, isoeugenyl phenylacetate in 16, isoeugenyl methyl ether in 6 and benzyl isoeugenyl ether in 2 patients. There was a concomitant reaction to isoeugenol in 36/40 of those positive to transisoeugenol, 13/19 of those to isoeugenyl acetate, 3/4 of those to isoeugenyl benzoate and 15/16 of those to isoeugenyl phenylacetate but in none of those 6 positive to isoeugenyl methyl ether and in neither of those 2 positive to benzyl isoeugenyl ether. Concomitant contact allergy between isoeugenol and its derivatives may occur through chemical cross-reactivity or local skin metabolism of the derivatives. It is more commonly observed with the esters rather than the ethers. Isoeugenyl acetate has been proposed as an alternative to isoeugenol, but there is a high degree of concomitant reactivity with isoeugenol.
Timing-driven placement for FPGAs (2000)

In this paper we introduce a new Simulated Annealing-based timing-driven placement algorithm for FPGAs. This paper has three main contributions. First, our algorithm employs a novel method of determining source-sink connection delays during placement. Second, we introduce a new cost function that trades off between wire-use and critical path delay, resulting in significant reductions in critical path delay without significant increases in wire-use. Finally, we combine connection-based and path-based timing-analysis to obtain an algorithm that has the low time-complexity of connection-based timing-driven placement, while obtaining the quality of path-based timing-driven placement.
Synthesis of Optically Active α-Methylene β-Lactams through Lipase-Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution (2000)

A convenient method for the preparation of the hitherto unknown chiral alpha-methylene beta-lactam derivatives 5a,b is reported. The optically active alpha-methylene beta-lactams 5a-c, and their corresponding amino acids 6a-c have been readily made available through lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution in high enantiomeric purity (up to 99% ee). The N-substituted beta-lactam derivatives 4a, b and 10 are not accepted by the lipases and were prepared in optically active form by chemical transformation.
Quantitation of Human Cytomegalovirus DNA in Lungs from Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients with Interstitial Pneumonia (1987)

DNA-DNA hybridization was compared with culture for virus and histopathology for the detection and quantitation of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in lungs from bone marrow transplant recipients. The hybridization assay detected 100 pg of HCMV DNA or greater than 520 plaque-forming unit equivalents. Compared with culture for virus, the hybridization assay had a sensitivity of 90.6% and a specificity of 77.8%. The quantity of HCMV DNA and the infectivity titer were directly correlated. Quantitation of HCMV DNA by hybridization was more reproducible than were infectivity titers for frozen specimens. Histopathologic examination of lung specimens detected HCMV inclusions in 60% (15 of 25) of patients with HCMV-associated interstitial pneumonia, whereas hybridization results were positive for 96% (24 of 25) of these patients. A significant inverse correlation was demonstrated between quantitative values for HCMV DNA and the duration of pneumonia.
Longitudinal Evaluation of Optical Aberrations Following Laser in situ Keratomileusis Surgery (2000)

Objective measurements of the optical aberrations of an eye were taken with a Shack-Hartmann aberrometer immediately before, immediately after, and at regular intervals over a two month recovery period following LASIK refractive surgery. Results indicate that the surgery induced large amounts of positive spherical aberration which regressed slightly during recovery. Computed point-spread functions for various pupil diameters indicate that retinal image quality was the same before and after surgery for small and medium sized pupils (<4 mm diameter) but was significantly degraded for large pupils (>4 mm).
Technical and environmental efficiency of hog production in China – A stochastic frontier production function analysis (2015)

This article analyses the technical and environmental efficiency of hog production in China using data from the China Agricultural Product Cost-Benefit Compilation (NDRC 2005–2013) and the First National Census of Pollution: Manual of Discharge Coefficient of Livestock and Poultry Industry (IEDA and NIES 2009). The empirical results show a great variation in environmental efficiency, ranging from 0.344 to 0.973 with a mean value of 0.672 that declines over time. Southwest China is found to be the most environmentally efficient region, while the Northeast and the Northwest are the least efficient. Another finding is that technical and environmental efficiencies are highly correlated in hog production; the most environmentally efficient regions are usually found to have high technical efficiency, and vice versa. In addition, we computed the output elasticities with respect to each factor input. The results show that feed is the most efficient input, with an output elasticity of approximately 0.551, which is much higher than the elasticity of the nitrogen surplus, other capital or labour. The output elasticity with respect to the nitrogen surplus is 0.287 on average. Finally, the scale elasticity in hog production is slightly higher than 1.
Influence of Coupling Method on the Luminescence Properties, Coupling Efficiency, and Binding Affinity of Antibodies Labeled with Europium(III) Chelates (1997)

A series of chelating 4-(phenylethynyl)pyridines having various 1,3,5-triazin-2-ylamino groups at the para position of the phenyl ring was synthesized. Their europium chelates were coupled to antibodies and the properties of antibody conjugates analyzed by fluorometry and in time-resolved fluorometric immunoassay. The substituents in the triazine ring were observed to have various effects on the chelate luminescence, the labeling properties of the chelates, and the immunoreactivity of labeled antibodies. The series of substituted triazinyl derivatives serves as a model of bioreactive groups that can be applied when certain properties are searched for, such as improved chelate solubilities, minimized internal quenching, different effects on the ligand triplet state, and stipulated coupling reactivities.
Conformation of beta-endorphin and beta-lipotropin: formation of helical structure in methanol and sodium dodecyl sulfate solutions. (1977)

Circular dichroic spectra of camel beta-endorphin and ovine beta-lipotropin in water show little, if any, secondary structure. Intrinsic viscosities and sedimentation coefficients of the two peptides also suggest that the molecules are not compact and globular. Methanol or sodium dodecyl sulfate promotes the formation of helical structure to an extent as much as one-half of either peptide molecule. The conformation of the complex between camel beta-endorphin and dodecyl sulfate may be related to the opiate-like function of this peptide hormone.
Genetic Characterization of Cytological Region 77A–D Harboring the Presenilin Gene of Drosophila melanogaster (1999)

We performed a systematic lethal mutagenesis of the genomic region uncovered by Df(3L)rdgC-co2 (cytological interval 77A-D) to isolate mutations in the single known Presenilin (Psn) gene of Drosophila melanogaster. Because this segment of chromosome III has not been systematically characterized before, inter se complementation testing of newly recovered mutants was carried out. A total of 79 lethal mutations were isolated, representing at least 17 lethal complementation groups, including one corresponding to the Psn gene. Fine structure mapping of the genomic region surrounding the Psn transcription unit by transgenic rescue experiments allowed us to localize two of the essential loci together with Psn within an approximately 12-kb genomic DNA region. One of these loci, located 3' to Psn, encodes a Drosophila protein related to the yeast 60S ribosomal protein L10 precursor. We also determined which of the newly recovered lethal mutant groups correspond to previously isolated lethal P-element insertions, lethal inversion breakpoints, and lethal polo gene mutants. Point mutations were identified in all five recovered Psn alleles, one of which results in a single amino acid substitution G-E at a conserved residue in the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of the protein, suggesting an important functional role for this C-terminal domain of Presenilin. In addition, some viable mutations were recovered in the screen, including new alleles of the clipped and inturned loci.
Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) in the treatment of cardiovascular disease (2010)

The medicinal properties of hawthorn (Crataegus spp., a genus comprising approximately 300 species) have been utilized by many cultures for a variety of therapeutic purposes for many centuries. In the Western world cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become one of the single most significant causes of premature death. Echoing this situation, more recent research into the therapeutic benefits of hawthorn preparations has focused primarily upon its cardiovascular effects. This review covers research into the various mechanisms of action proposed for Crataegus preparations, clinical trials involving Crataegus preparations, and the herb's safety profile.Clinical trials reviewed have been inconsistent in terms of criteria used (sample size, preparation, dosage, etc) but have been largely consistent with regard to positive outcomes. An investigation into data available to date regarding hawthorn preparations and herb/drug interactions reveals that theoretical adverse interactions have not been experienced in practice. Further, adverse reactions relating to the use of hawthorn preparations are infrequent and mild, even at higher dosage ranges. A recent retrospective study by Zick et al. has suggested a negative outcome for the long-term use of hawthorn in the prognosis of heart failure. These findings are examined in this paper.Although further research is needed in certain areas, current research to date suggests that hawthorn may potentially represent a safe, effective, nontoxic agent in the treatment of CVD and ischemic heart disease (IHD).
Integrated and Segregated Au/γ‐Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Binary Nanoparticle Assemblies (2012)

To mix or not to mix: Integrated (left) and segregated (right) assemblies were obtained upon treating functionalized γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) with AuNPs. Their binary nature is controlled by the capping layer of the γ-Fe2O3 NPs and the AuNP initial aggregation state. The segregated assembly formation is induced by AuNP aggregates which act as nucleation sites for growth of the γ-Fe2O3 NP domains. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A review of wireless SAW sensors (2000)

Wireless measurement systems with passive surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors offer new and exciting perspectives for remote monitoring and control of moving parts, even in harsh environments. This review paper gives a comprehensive survey of the present state of the measurement systems and should help a designer to find the parameters required to achieve a specified accuracy or uncertainty of measurement. Delay lines and resonators have been used, and two principles have been employed: SAW one-port devices that are directly affected by the measurand and SAW two-port devices that are electrically loaded by a conventional sensor and, therefore, indirectly affected by the measurand. For radio frequency (RF) interrogation, time domain sampling (TDS) and frequency domain sampling (FDS) have been investigated theoretically and experimentally; the methods of measurement are described. For an evaluation of the effects caused by the radio interrogation, we discuss the errors caused by noise, interference, bandwidth, manufacturing, and hardware tuning. The system parameters, distance range, and measurement uncertainty are given numerically for actual applications. Combinations of SAW sensors and special signal processing techniques to enhance accuracy, dynamic range, read out distance, and measurement repetition rate (measurement bandwidth) are presented. In conclusion, an overview of SAW sensor applications is given.
PAF antagonist, BN52021, inhibits [3H]D-aspartate release after ischaemia in vitro (1994)

The effect of the platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonist BN52021 on [3H]D-aspartate (D-Asp) release was investigated in rat hippocampal slices during and after incubation (20 min) in ischaemia-like conditions. Ischaemia did not influence spontaneous D-Asp outflow whereas K(+)-evoked, calcium-dependent release was markedly enhanced in reoxygenated, post-ischaemic slices. These slices also showed a substantial translocation/activation of protein kinase C (PKC). BN52021 blocked both ischaemia-induced effects. Moreover, the PKC inhibitor H7 attenuated post-ischaemic K(+)-evoked D-Asp release when beta-PDBu, a PKC activator, was used to enhance the response of normoxic slices. Assuming that PKC is activated by ischaemia in a PAF-dependent manner and that this activation proceeds to enhanced glutamate exocytosis, we speculate on the involvement of PAF receptor stimulation in the pathology of cerebral ischaemia.
Discharge plasma processes of ring-cusp ion thrusters (2005)

This study has increased the viability of miniature ion thruster technology, advanced state-of-the-art discharge modeling, and revealed important aspects of discharge plasma processes. These extensions of existing ion thruster technology and understanding are necessary to fulfill the needs of future space missions. Experimental comparisons of the discharge performance of an array of miniature (3cm diameter) ion thruster discharge configurations were conducted and showed that a 3-ring configuration with length-to-diameter of 1.0 exhibited the best performance. A compact and lightweight version of this configuration, using small accelerator grid holes, exhibited discharge losses of 250-550eV/ion and propellant efficiency of as much as 87%. This performance represents a significant advancement in miniature (less than 5cm diameter) ion thruster technology and demonstrates that a miniature ion thruster of low magnet and thruster weight can yield desirable performance.

A multi-component hybrid 2-D computational Discharge Model was developed to help identify important ion thruster discharge processes and investigate miniaturization issues. Combining experimental and computational results reveals that magnetic field optimization for a miniature ion thruster is bracketed by considerations of primary electron utilization and discharge stability. Discharge Model analysis of the larger (30cm diameter) NSTAR thruster revealed that the peak observed in the NSTAR beam profile is due to double ions that are created by over-confinement of primary electrons on the thruster axis. Design sensitivity results show that, at the NSTAR thruster scale, efficient confinement of primary electrons is relatively easy to achieve; therefore, efforts to improve thruster performance should focus on effectively utilizing the primary electrons to minimize double ion production and maximize the number of single ions extracted to the beam.

The observations from this study have furthered the understanding of discharge processes and should improve future ion thruster design and modeling efforts. The Discharge Model advances state-of-the-art ion thruster modeling and provides a framework for a complete thruster model that can be used for long-life performance assessment and life validation.
A single-stage bridgeless high efficiency ZVS hybrid-resonant off-road and neighborhood EV battery charger (2014)

This paper introduces a single-stage battery charger for neighborhood electric vehicles (NEVs) which has the following characteristics: i. operate in continuous-conduction-mode (CCM), ii. include bridgeless operation, iii. realize zero-voltage switching (ZVS) operation for all MOSFETs, iv. provide controlled di/dt turn-off of the output diodes, v. has symmetric operation. The proposed battery charger exhibited minimum number of semiconductor devices compare with state-of-the-art battery charger. The input-output isolation reduces the possibility of safety hazards. The proposed isolation transformer acts as an AC transformer which is much smaller in size and increase transformer efficiency. The symmetric operation of the proposed converter reduces the common-mode (CM) noise. In the paper, the operation of the proposed converter is explained in detail and a mathematical analysis of its steady-state operation is performed. The feasibility of the converter is confirmed by comparing an experimental prototype of the benchmark hard switched ac-dc current-fed push-pull converter and simulation work of the proposed converter. Through experimentation and analysis the proposed converter can achieve a total loss reduction of 20 %, at 70 kHz switching frequency, 120 V input, and 48 V/650 W output
Pattern of Pax7 expression during myogenesis in the posthatch chicken establishes a model for satellite cell differentiation and renewal (2004)

The paired-box transcription factor Pax7 plays a critical role in the specification of satellite cells in mouse skeletal muscle. In the present study, the position and number of Pax7-expressing cells found in muscles of growing and adult chickens confirm the presence of this protein in avian satellite cells. The expression pattern of Pax7 protein, along with the muscle regulatory proteins MyoD and myogenin, was additionally elucidated in myogenic cultures and in whole muscle from posthatch chickens. In cultures progressing from proliferation to differentiation, the expression of Pax7 in MyoD+ cells declined as the cells began expressing myogenin, suggesting Pax7 as an early marker for proliferating myoblasts. At all time points, some Pax7+ cells were negative for MyoD, resembling the reserve cell phenotype. Clonal analysis of muscle cell preparations demonstrated that single progenitors can give rise to both differentiating and reserve cells. In muscle tissues, Pax7 protein expression was the strongest by 1 day posthatch, declining on days 3 and 6 to a similar level. In contrast, myogenin expression peaked on day 3 and then dramatically declined. This finding was accompanied by a robust growth in fiber diameter between day 3 and 6. The distinctions in Pax7 and myogenin expression patterns, both in culture and in vivo, indicate that while some of the myoblasts differentiate and fuse into myofibers during early stages of posthatch growth, others retain their reserve cell capacity.