gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conspecificity of the Ticks Ixodes scapularis and I. dammini (Acari: Ixodidae) (1993)

Reciprocal crosses between Ixodes dammini Spielman, Clifford, Piesman & Corwin from Massachusetts and Ixodes scapularis Say from Georgia produced offspring through the F3 generation when the experiment was discontinued. Reciprocal I. dammini x Ixodes pacificus Cooley & Kohls (California) and I. scapularis x I. pacificus crosses produced F1 progeny; however, all progeny were sterile. Assortative mating experiments between I. dammini and I. scapularis indicated that males and females of both species mated with the opposite sex of heterospecific or conspecific ticks when there was a choice. Conventional discriminant analysis of morphometric measurements of ticks from Georgia, North Carolina, Maryland, Massachusetts, and two populations of F1 hybrids indicated that there were recognizable differences. However, size-free (sheared) discriminant analysis indicated that these differences were largely size-dependent, with much overlap of the four eastern and two hybrid populations but no overlap with I. pacificus from California. Analysis of chromosomes (morphology and C band) indicated no differences between the Georgia and Massachusetts populations but showed a difference between them and the California population of I. pacificus. Analysis of isozymes showed that the genetic identity value for the Georgia and Massachusetts populations was within the normal range for conspecific populations, whereas the California population indicated congeneric but not conspecific relatedness to the Georgia and Massachusetts populations. Life cycle data collected under similar laboratory conditions showed no differences in length of feeding and molting periods among Georgia, Massachusetts, and California populations. These data and results of the work of other authors on tick host preferences and vector competence indicate that I. dammini is not a valid species separate from I. scapularis. Because the name Ixodes scapularis Say, 1821, has priority over the name Ixodes dammini Spielman, Clifford, Piesman & Corwin, 1979, I. dammini is relegated to a junior subjective synonym of I. scapularis (based on Article 23 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature).
Tumor-associated neutrophils: friend or foe? (2012)

Neutrophils play an established role in host defense and in killing invading microorganisms. Although neutrophils are traditionally considered in the context of their antibacterial functions, it is becoming increasingly clear that tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN) play a major role in cancer biology. Neutrophils make up a significant portion of the inflammatory cell infiltrate in many models of cancer. Like all other leukocytes, they move into tissues under the influence of specific chemokines, cytokines and cell adhesion molecules. The tumor microenvironment has been shown to be responsible for their recruitment in cancer. We have found that TAN are a distinct population of neutrophils, differing markedly in their transcriptomic profile from both naive neutrophils and the granulocytic fraction of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Studies have demonstrated specific examples of tumor-mediated signals (such as transforming growth factor-β) that induce the formation of a pro-tumorigenic (N2) phenotype capable of supporting tumor growth and suppressing the antitumor immune response. However, there are also studies showing that TAN can also have an antitumorigenic (N1) phenotype. Herein, we explore the literature on the different mechanisms of TAN recruitment to tumors, the unique characteristics of TAN and what shapes their pro- and/or antitumor effects.
How Stress and Fluoxetine Modulate Serotonin 2C Receptor Pre-mRNA Editing (2005)

In two inbred strains of mice, C57BL/6 and 129Sv, the majority of forebrain neocortical pre-mRNA encoding the serotonin 2C (5-HT2C) receptor is altered by adenosine-to-inosine editing. As a result, >60% of all mRNAs encode receptors with reduced constitutive and agonist-stimulated activity. However, in the BALB/c strain, a genetically distinct inbred strain with lower forebrain serotonin levels, spontaneously elevated anxiety, and increased stress reactivity, the majority of 5-HT2C mRNA is nonedited and encodes receptors with the highest constitutive activity and the highest agonist affinity and potency. Neither acute stress (the forced swim test) nor chronic treatment with the serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine elicit significant changes in 5-HT2C pre-mRNA editing in C57BL/6 mice. In contrast, exposure of BALB/c mice to acute stress and chronic treatment of nonstressed BALB/c mice with fluoxetine elicit significant, site-specific increases in 5-HT2C pre-mRNA editing that increase the pool of mRNA encoding receptors with reduced function. These changes in 5-HT2C pre-mRNA editing resemble those detected previously in the prefrontal cortex of subjects with major depression. However, when chronic fluoxetine treatment is combined with stress exposure of BALB/c mice, these changes in 5-HT2C pre-mRNA editing are no longer detected. These findings illustrate that 5-HT2C pre-mRNA editing responses to stress and chronic fluoxetine are modulated by the genetic background, as well as the behavioral state of the animal. They suggest further that the changes in 5-HT2C pre-mRNA editing found in major depression reflect a previously unrecognized molecular response to stress that can be prevented by chronic antidepressant treatment.
Characterization of Bauxite and its Minerals by Means of Thermoanalytical Methods (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussions Conclusion
TO CECILIE 1870, Jan. 14 (2014)

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Photochemistry of .alpha.-keto phosphate esters: photorelease of a caged cAMP. (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of .alpha.-keto phosphate esters: photorelease of a caged cAMP.Richard S. Givens, Phillip S. Athey, L. William Kueper III, Bogdan Matuszewski, and Jie You XueCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 22, 8708–8710Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00048a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00048a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views501Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Plasma surface reflectance spectroscopy for non-invasive and continuous monitoring of extracellular component of blood (2012)

To achieve the quantitative optical non-invasive diagnosis of blood during extracorporeal circulation therapies, the
instrumental technique to extract extracellular spectra from whole blood was developed. In the circuit, the continuous
blood flow was generated by a centrifugal blood pump. The oxygen saturation was maintained 100% by an oxygenator.
The developed glass optical flow cell was attached to the outlet tubing of the oxygenator. The halogen lamp including
the light from 400 to 900 nm wavelength was used for the light source. The light was guided into an optical fiber. The
light emitted by the fiber was collimated and emitted to the flow cell flat surface at the incident angle of 45 degrees. The
light just reflected on the boundary between inner surface of the flow cell and plasma at 45 degrees was detected by the
detection fiber. The detected light was analyzed by a spectral photometer. The obtained spectrum from 400 to 600nm
wavelength was not changed with respect to the hematocrit. In contrast, the signal in the spectral range was changed
when the plasma free hemoglobin increased. By using two spectral range, 505±5 nm and 542.5±2.5 nm, the differential
spectrum was correlated with the free hemoglobin at R2=0.99. On the other hand, as for the hematocrit, the differential
spectrum was not correlated at R2=0.01. Finally, the plasma free hemoglobin was quantified with the accuracy of
22±19mg/dL. The result shows that the developed plasma surface reflectance spectroscopy (PSRS) can extract the
plasma spectrum from flowing whole blood.
Measured Transition Probabilities in the O II Higher Multiplets (2002)

We have measured transition probabilities (Einstein's A values) of 23 transitions in the singly ionized oxygen (O II) spectrum belonging mostly to high lying transitions using a relative line intensity ratio (RLIR) method. A linear low-pressure pulsed arc was used as an optically thin plasma source operated at 27 000 K electron temperature and 1.8 · 1023 m-3 electron density in oxygen plasma. Measured A values have been compared to the recent theoretical and experimental data.
손상 역학을 고려한 연성 파괴에서의 응집 법칙에 관한 연구 (2015)

연성 금속에서 균열 성장에 대한 응집 영역 모델은 공극의 핵 생성과 성장 및 결합을 고려한 손상 역학적 연속체 기반으로 많은 연구들이 진행되어 왔다. 하지만 기존의 연구에서 이용된 응집 법칙은 오직 균열 면에 작용하는 응집 트랙션과 분리계면 사이의 변위관계로써 나타내기 때문에, 균열 계면 사이에 존재하는 응집 요소에 대해 연속체 기반의 연속 방정식을 적용 또는 고려하지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 응집 영역에서의 연속체 기반 연속 방정식을 고려한 트랙션-분리변위 관계를 도출하기위해 파손 메커니즘이 발생하는 유한한 폭의 특정 영역 층을 도입하였다. 인장 하중 하에서 손상이 발생하는 재료 층과 손상이 발생하지 않는 재료 층 사이의 변위 차를 응집 분리로 정의하였고, 재료 변형 시 탄소성 거동과 함께 동반되는 손상 역학적 거동을 따로 도출하여 이를 응집 영역 모델로써 표현되도록 하였다. 파괴 진행 영역으로 대변되는 손상재료 층은 실험으로 측정된 변위 정보를 기반으로 J-적분을 이용하여 결정한다. 본 논문에서 제시한 방법은 균열이 있는 시편의 실험과 파괴 진행 영역에 대한 대표 모델의 유한요소해석을 실시함으로써 연성 금속의 응집 법칙을 효율적으로 도출할 수 있도록 한다.
Number theoretic transforms to implement fast digital convolution (1975)

Transforms using number theoretic concepts are developed as a method for fast and error-free calculation of finite digital convolution. The transforms are defined on finite fields and rings of integers with arithmetic carried out modulo an integer and it is shown that under certain conditions this gives the same results as conventional digital convolution. Because of these characteristics they are ideally suited to digital computation by taking into account quantization of amplitude as well as time in their definition. When the modulus is chosen as a Fermat number a transform results that requires only on the order of N log N additions and word shifts but no multiplications. In addition to being efficient, they have no roundoff error and do not require storage of basis functions. There is a restriction on sequence length imposed by word length and a problem with overflow but methods for overcoming these are presented. Results of an implementation on an IBM 370/155 are presented and compared with the fast Fourier transform showing a substantial improvement in efficiency and accuracy. Variations on the basic number theoretic transforms are also presented.
Ineffective Cellular Immune Response Associated with T-Cell Apoptosis in Susceptible<i>Mycobacterium bovis</i>BCG-Infected Mice (2000)

It has previously been reported that inhibition of delayed-type hypersensitivity-mediating functions of T cells during mycobacterial infection in mice is haplotype dependent. In the present study, we show that Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection induced, in susceptible C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice but not in resistant C3H/HeJ and DBA/2 mice, an important splenomegaly. An in vitro defect in T-cell proliferation in response to T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation with mitogens or anti-CD3 antibodies was associated with enhanced levels of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell apoptosis in susceptible but not in resistant mice 2 weeks after infection. Further investigations of C57BL/6 and C3H/HeJ mice revealed that in vivo splenomegaly was associated with destruction of the lymphoid tissue architecture, liver cellular infiltrates, and increased numbers of apoptotic cells in both spleen and liver tissue sections. Infection of C57BL/6 mice but not of C3H/HeJ mice induced massive production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in serum, as well as an increase in Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) expression in T cells. In vitro addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies led to a significant reduction in CD3-induced T-cell apoptosis of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells of C57BL/6 mice, while the blockade of Fas-FasL interactions reduced apoptosis only in CD4(+) but not in CD8(+) T cells. Together, these results suggest that TNF-alpha and Fas-FasL interactions play a role in the activation-induced cell death (AICD) process associated with a defect in T-cell proliferation of the susceptible C57BL/6 mice. T-cell death by apoptosis may represent one of the important components of the ineffective immune response against mycobacterium-induced immunopathology in susceptible hosts.
Left atrial diverticula (2015)

Left atrial diverticula are outpouchings of the left atrial wall that communicate with the left atrial lumen. They are usually less than 1 cm in size (Figure 16.1), although rarely large diverticula may be encountered (Figure 16.2). Left atrial diverticula are usually lobulated in contour and may contain internal trabeculations (Figure 16.3). Some authors have made a distinction between left atrial diverticula, which are internally smooth, and accessory left atrial appendages, which have internal trabculations similar to the left atrial appendage. However, the distinction can sometimes be difficult given the small size of these structures. The most common location for left atrial diverticula is the right anterior–superior wall of the left atrium.
A convenient synthesis of solvated and unsolvated anhydrous metal chlorides via dehydration of metal chloride hydrates with trimethylchlorosilane (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA convenient synthesis of solvated and unsolvated anhydrous metal chlorides via dehydration of metal chloride hydrates with trimethylchlorosilaneJeung Ho So and Philip BoudjoukCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 8, 1592–1593Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00333a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00333a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1548Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Separation of Pancreatic Islets by Fluorescence-Activated Sorting (1989)

To allow clinical pancreatic islet transplantation, the yield and purity of islets must be improved. Intravital staining of islets with neutral red is a specific, nontoxic technique for labeling islets of various species. Using neutral red-stained rat islets, we investigated the known fluorescence absorbance and emission spectra in comparison with unstained exocrine tissue and have shown that stimulation with light of wavelength between 500 and 560 nm produces detectable emission greater than 610 nm, which is absent from unstained exocrine tissue. The PARTEC cell sorter is an inexpensive alternative to currently available fluorescence-activated cell sorters and has a sorting mechanism based on a piezoelectric valve. We made extensive modifications to this machine to allow passage of particles up to 300 micron diam. Using rat pancreas stained intravitally with neutral red and dispersed by intraductal collagenase technique, we have shown that islets can be accurately identified in a high-speed flow system and sorted to a purity of greater than 90% islet tissue. The islets remain intact and viable as determined by supravital staining and isogeneic transplantation to the kidney capsule site. These studies prove the feasibility of separating intact islets by fluorescence-activated sorting.
Oxygen tension changes the rate of migration of human skin keratinocytes in an age-related manner (2010)

Migration of keratinocytes to re-epithelialize wounds is a key step in dermal wound healing. In aged human skin, wound healing rates decrease and cellular damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulates. The relationship between age, ROS and human skin keratinocyte migration is not clearly understood. In this study, 4% and 21% oxygen tensions were used to modify levels of ROS produced by metabolism to model low and high oxidative stress conditions. When migration of keratinocytes from young and old primary skin was compared using an in vitro scratch assay, old keratinocytes migrated faster in high oxygen tension than did young keratinocytes, whereas young keratinocytes migrated faster in low oxygen tension. Although all young and old cells at the scratch margins showed intense increases in dihydroethidium oxidation immediately after scratching, the old keratinocytes grown at 21% oxygen demonstrated a greater decrease in the DHE oxidation following scratching and migrated the fastest. These results show that old and young keratinocytes respond to oxygen tension differently and support the hypothesis that keratinocyte migration is affected by the capacity to remove ROS.
Recent Catalytic Advances in the Chemistry of Substituted Furans from Carbohydrates and in the Ensuing Polymers (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Desmopressin use for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion (2004)

There is no convincing evidence that desmopressin minimises perioperative allogeneic RBC transfusion in patients who do not have congenital bleeding disorders. These data suggest that there is no benefit from using DDAVP as a means of minimising perioperative allogeneic RBC transfusion.
The photometric determination of phosphorus in fertilizers using the phosphovanado‐molybdate complex (1950)

Abstract This rapid method makes use of the stable yellow colour complex developed when an excess of a molybdate solution is added to an acidified solution of a vanadate and an orthophosphate; all three reagents required can be used in a composite solution. Details for the determination of water‐soluble and total phosphate are given using the Spekker photoelectric absorptiometer. Results agree within 2.5% of those obtained by the standard gravimetric method, those on nine fertilizers being given.
Saturated linkage map construction in Rubus idaeus using genotyping by sequencing and genome-independent imputation (2013)

GBS together with genome-independent imputation provides a rapid method for genetic map construction in any pseudo-testcross progeny. Our method of imputation estimates the correct genotype call of missing values and corrects genotyping errors that lead to inflated map size and reduced precision in marker placement. Comparison of SSRs to published R. idaeus maps showed that the linkage maps constructed with GBS and our method of imputation were robust, and marker positioning reliable. The high marker density allowed identification of genomic regions with segregation distortion in R. idaeus, which may help to identify deleterious alleles that are the basis of inbreeding depression in the species.
The New Neurometabolic Cascade of Concussion (2014)

Since the original descriptions of postconcussive pathophysiology, there has been a significant increase in interest and ongoing research to study the biological underpinnings of concussion. The initial ionic flux and glutamate release result in significant energy demands and a period of metabolic crisis for the injured brain. These physiological perturbations can now be linked to clinical characteristics of concussion, including migrainous symptoms, vulnerability to repeat injury, and cognitive impairment. Furthermore, advanced neuroimaging now allows a research window to monitor postconcussion pathophysiology in humans noninvasively. There is also increasing concern about the risk for chronic or even progressive neurobehavioral impairment after concussion/mild traumatic brain injury. Critical studies are underway to better link the acute pathobiology of concussion with potential mechanisms of chronic cell death, dysfunction, and neurodegeneration. This "new and improved" article summarizes in a translational fashion and updates what is known about the acute neurometabolic changes after concussive brain injury. Furthermore, new connections are proposed between this neurobiology and early clinical symptoms as well as to cellular processes that may underlie long-term impairment.
Adhesion plaques of Rous sarcoma virus-transformed cells contain the src gene product. (1980)

Another intracellular location of the Rous sarcoma virus (RSU) src gene product (pp60src) has been detected within RSV-transformed cells by indirect immunofluorescence. By using rabbit anti-tumor serum specific for pp60src, a speckled pattern of fluorescence was found on the ventral surface of RSV (Schmidt-Ruppin strain)-transformed normal rat kidney cells. Several tests indicated that this pattern was specific for pp60src. In addition, interference-reflection microscopy was used to visualize cellular adhesion plaques, which are the points at which cells attach to the substratum. Simultaneous immunofluorescence and interference-reflection microscopy indicated that the speckles of pp60src fluorescence corresponded exactly to the adhesion plaque structures. The presence of pp60src within the adhsion plaques was further demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescences on isolated adhesion plaques that remained bound to glass after removal of the cells. pp60src also was observed in adhesion plaques of RSV-tranformed chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) and mouse fibroblasts, as well as CEF infected with the temperature-sensitive RSV mutant tsNY68 and grown at permissive temperature. At nonpermissive temperature, pp60src was not detectable in adhesion plaques of the tsNY68-infected CEF. Adhesion plaques serve as focal points of microfilament bundle attachment, and thse results suggest that pp60src interacts directly with cellular cytoskeletal components.