gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Terpendoles, Novel ACAT Inhibitors Produced by Albophoma yamanashiensis. II. Structure Elucidation of Terpendoles A, B, C and D. (1995)

Structures of terpendoles A, B, C and D, novel acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors, were determined by spectroscopic studies. All terpendoles consist of diterpene and indole moieties in common. Terpendoles A, C and D possess an additional isoprenyl unit via oxygen atom(s) of their diterpene moieties. The relative stereochemistries of terpendoles C and D were confirmed by NOE experiments and X-ray crystallographic analysis.
Sensorless full-digital PMSM drive with EKF estimation of speed and rotor position (1999)

This paper concerns the realization of a sensorless permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor drive. Position and angular speed of the rotor are obtained through an extended Kalman filter. The estimation algorithm does not require either the knowledge of the mechanical parameters or the initial rotor position, overcoming two of the main drawbacks of other estimation techniques. The drive also incorporates a digital d-q current control, which can be easily tuned with locked rotor. The experimental setup includes a PM synchronous motor, a pulsewidth modulation voltage-source inverter, and floating-point digital-signal-processor-based control system.
Temporal-Frequency Spectra for a Spherical Wave Propagating through Atmospheric Turbulence (1971)

Tatarski has found the frequency spectra for the amplitude, phase, and phase-difference fluctuations of an infinite plane wave propagating through turbulence. Many practical optical beams, used in atmospheric studies, closely resemble point sources, for which the spherical-wave theory is more applicable. The same spectra, calculated for spherical waves, reveal contributions at higher frequencies for amplitude scintillations, nearly identical phase results, and a phase-difference spectrum with no nulls, in contrast with the plane-wave results. Comparison with recent data is shown.
THE WAVESTRIDER FAMILY OF PLANING BOATS (1986)

The first Wavestrider was built in 1982 for a mission which required more deckspace and payload capacity than a Seaknife could achieve, but retaining good ride qualities. The 24-ft LOA prototype weighs 1700 lb. empty, and carries 5000 lb. of fuel and payload at 60 knots plus in up to Sea State 4, on an installed power of 280 bhp. This paper describes the development and operation of the prototype, the philosophy behind it, and touches on the design features of a 300-passenger, 75-knot cruise speed ferry.
Therapy for chronic active hepatitis. (1984)

As is apparent from the foregoing, there is only one etiologic variant of CAH for which specific therapy is available, namely, that associated with Wilson's disease. However, Wilson's disease is responsible for only a minute portion of the total cases of CAH. Drug-induced CAH also seems highly responsive to appropriate management--in this instance, removal of an offending agent rather than administration of a therapeutic drug. However, as stated, it too is an infrequent contributor to the CAH pool. Among the remaining forms of CAH, a reasonably consistent response to treatment can be expected only from patients with autoimmune CAH. This entity is a serious disorder with unequivocally high morbidity and mortality and thus clearly warrants treatment. Despite the considerable side effects that invariably result from the long-term use of corticosteroids--the only available, although nonspecific, form of treatment--corticosteroid use is justified and indeed recommended. Current evidence, derived from the Mayo Clinic data, suggests that the best therapeutic approach is to use both corticosteroids and azathioprine, a combination that offers the highest therapeutic index with the lowest rate of side effects. Using this regimen, complete remission is reported to result in 65% of cases within 2-3 years, although a considerable proportion of these individuals relapse and require retreatment. Much publicity has surrounded the Mayo Clinic and Royal Free Hospital treatment trials; however, it is probable that autoimmune CAH represents far less than 20% of all cases, and that severe disease requiring corticosteroid therapy comprises but a minor fraction of these. Thus, the bulk of cases of CAH in the United States occur in patients with either established or inferred viral-related disease, the group for which clearly effective therapy is not yet available. Most of these persons are asymptomatic, their disease having been detected through routine screening programs or at the time of evaluation of other disorders. Much interest is evoked, at present, by the new experimental forms of treatment, but none has proved to be consistently effective, and for some, toxicity is high. All appear to reduce levels of replicating virus, but none clearly affects HBsAg or disease activity. Research in this area continues, with highest expectations of success for the use of combination therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Passive alignment of micro-fluidic chips using the principle of elastic averaging (2007)

This thesis presents a novel design for a passive alignment feature for vertically stacking chips in a micro fluidic device. Each chip is the size of a standard microscopic slide (75mm—25mm) and is a highly specialized functional unit designed and fabricated to process fluidic samples. The fluidic samples in the device flows from one chip to another using inter connecting holes 500μm-100μm in diameter. Hence an alignment of better than 100μm between chips is necessary to allow for the interconnecting holes to overlap so as to provide with a path for the fluid to flow. The feature to be used for alignment consists of v-grooves and dowel pins. Five v-grooves are hot embossed to each longer side walls of the chip such that the groove runs along the thickness of the chip. The dowel pins are fixed to a base and equal the number of v-groves. An elastic fit in between the groove and the pin provide the necessary alignment. A mathematical model has been developed and is used to predict the alignment of the method. The results from the model have been further verified experimentally.
Ion-Specific Effects on Laser Ablation of Silver in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions (2008)

Silver nanoparticle hydrosol formation by laser ablation (LA) of a Ag target immersed in pure water and in aqueous electrolyte solutions (HCl, NaCl, NaOH, AgNO3, and/or Na2S2O3) of various concentrations has been followed by surface plasmon extinction (SPE) spectral measurements and, for selected samples, by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging, and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The laser ablation process accompanied by the Ag nanoparticle fragmentation (NF) has been performed with nanosecond laser pulses, by employing either a continuous or an intermittent irradiation regime. SPE spectra have been recorded either after each irradiation step of the stepwise procedure or at the end of the continuous one and, additionally, during a subsequent aging of Ag hydrosols. The presence of HCl, NaCl, and/or NaOH during LA/NF has led to the stabilization of the resulting Ag nanoparticles, while the presence of AgNO3 and Na2S2O3 has shown a destabilizing effect. The alternations of light and dark periods in LA/NF process, along with the presence of electrolytes (having different affinities toward Ag nanoparticle surfaces and toward Ag+ ions as well) can be considered as a new physicochemical parameter affecting the outcome of LA/NF. Moreover, the light/dark alternations are useful for separating the effects of ions on Ag nanoparticle hydrosols directly under irradiation from those occurring during further aging. Ag hydrosols prepared by LA/NF in 1 × 10-3 M NaCl and aged for 1−2 days have been shown to be excellent substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) measurements owing to the presence of compact aggregates with numerous interstices between nanoparticles and of reduced Ag(0) adsorption sites on chloride-modified Ag nanoparticle surfaces.
Evaluation of promising monoanionic 99mTc-tricarbonyl complexes with uncharged pendant groups as renal tubular tracers (2014)

1206 Objectives 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) is a new renal tubular agent with pharmacokinetic properties comparable in rats and humans to those of 131I-OIH, however, the pharmacokinetic properties of 131I-OIH are inferior to those of para-aminohippurate and there is the possibility of developing a renal radiopharmaceutical with properties superior to both 131I-OIH and 99mTc(CO)3(NTA). 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) is dianionic at physiological pH, having one negative charge associated with the metal coordination sphere and a second with the uncoordinated carboxyl group. In an attempt to develop a better tracer and to assess the importance of this negatively charged uncoordinated group for tubular secretion, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics of two 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) analogs with uncharged pendant groups. Methods 99mTc(CO)3 complexes with N-(2-hydroxyethyl)iminodiacetic acid (HDA) and N-(2-acetamido)iminodiacetic acid (ADA) were prepared using an IsoLink kit (Covidien), isolated by HPLC and evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats at 10 and 60 min using 131I-OIH as an internal control; urine was analyzed for metabolites. Re(CO)3 analogs were prepared for structural characterization. Results New tracers were efficiently prepared as a single species with high radiochemical purities (>99%). 99mTc(CO)3(HDA) and 99mTc(CO)3(ADA) both showed rapid blood clearance and high specificity for renal excretion. Activity in the urine, as a percent of 131I-OIH at 10 and 60 min, was 96% and 100% for HDA, and 96% and 99% for ADA, respectively. Each new tracer was excreted unchanged in the urine. Structure analysis of the Re(CO)3 complexes of HDA and ADA showed identical, linear 5/5-ONO coordination modes comparable to that of Re(CO)3(NTA). Conclusions Although 99mTc(CO)3(HDA) and 99mTc(CO)3(ADA) lack the negatively charged pendant carboxyl group previously considered essential for rapid renal extraction, their pharmacokinetics in rats are essentially identical to the pharmacokinetics of 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) and 131I-OIH. These encouraging results warrant further evaluation of both new tracers in humans. Research Support NIH Grant R37 DK38842
A two‐dimensional protein map of human amniotic fluid at 17 weeks' gestation (1997)

Using updated technical procedures (immobilized pH gradients for isoelectric focusing followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis: IPG/SDS-PAGE) we provide a two-dimensional (2-D) map of amniotic fluid (AF) proteins. This map comprises over 800 silver-stained spots. Over 150 spots have been identified by matching on the net with human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid maps available from SWISS 2DPAGE database; several additional spots were assigned by immunoblotting and/or microanalytical techniques. This report details our investigation on AF proteins focusing on the 17th week of gestation, when AF is most commonly used for clinical evaluation of fetal disorders. As a whole, the map displays a number of potential markers for fetal development and for gestation abnormalities. The 2-D electrophoretic technique allows the monitoring of all these proteins at the same time along with additional spots that may prove of diagnostic significance.
One Multiplex Control for 29 Cystic Fibrosis Mutations (2007)

A simple approach is described to synthesize and clone an inexhaustible supply of any homozygous and/or heterozygous controls diluted with yeast genomic DNA to mimic human genome equivalents for use throughout the entire multiplex mutation assay. As a proof of principle, the 25 cystic fibrosis mutation panel selected by the American College of Medical Genetics and four additional mutant sequences were prepared as a single control mixture. The 29 CFTR mutations were incorporated into 17 gene fragments by PCR amplification of targeted sequences using mutagenic primers on normal human genomic DNA template. Flanking primers selected to bind beyond all published PCR primer sites amplified controls for most assay platforms. The 17 synthesized 433-933-bp CFTR fragments each with one to four homozygous mutant sequences were cloned into nine plasmid vectors at the multiple cloning site and bidirectionally sequenced. Miniplasmid preps from these nine clones were mixed and diluted with genomic yeast DNA to mimic the final nucleotide molar ratio of two CFTR genes in 6 x 10(9) bp total human genomic DNA. This mixture was added to control PCR reactions prior to amplification as the only positive control sample. In this fashion >200 multiplex clinical PCR analyses of >4,000 clinical patient samples have been controlled simultaneously for PCR amplification and substrate specificity for 29 tested mutations without cross contamination. This clinically validated multiplex cystic fibrosis control can be modified readily for different test formats and provides a robust means to control for all mutations instead of rotating human genomic controls each with a fraction of the mutations. This approach allows scores of additional mutation controls from any gene loci to be added to the same mixture annually.
Data Reduction of Satellite Photoelectric Track (1999)

This paper presents a method for reducing the satellite photoelectric track data—choosing the best one in multi—lines.The principle,equations,calculational results and really applicational situation are presented in the paper.
[Alzheimer's presenile dementia transmitted in an extended kindred]. (1985)

Forty-three patients affected with Alzheimer's disease were identified in a kindred of Italian origin, emigrated in part to the U.S.A. and France. Thirteen were known by history, 21 by medical record, and 9 by personal examination, of whom 5 were confirmed histopathologically. The clinical picture was fairly uniform: the first symptom was memory loss beginning around age 40. Psychotic-like symptoms often followed, with rapid evolution into profound dementia, and death around age 50. Akinesia was prominent at a late stage, often with myoclonus. Grand mal seizures sometimes occurred, with occasional interictal spike and wave discharge; repetitive paroxystic periodic discharges were never recorded. A genealogical study, as far as possible free from line bias, has been conducted mainly by analysis of municipal records. 1 435 subjects in 10 generations, linked to affected subjects through ascent/descent or marriage, were listed in a computer file; the corresponding genealogical tree or selected part thereof are generated by computer. Application of Bayesian techniques to demographic data makes possible an estimation of disease probability in subjects for which no clinical data were available: such an estimate was confirmed by the later discovery of a living patient in descent of a subject with 0.7 estimated disease probability. No patient was found in descent from an inbred union known as such. Patients are the only transmitters. The sex ratio is not significantly different from 1. There is no detectable maternal effect. The segregation ratio, as calculated from extensively known sibships, lies in the range 0.65 to 0.89; the lower value itself is significatively higher than the 0.5 value expected in an autosomal dominant monogenic Mendelian transmission. An environment factor is ruled out by the diversity of locations and circumstances in kindred members. Such a kindred may represent an useful model for fundamental studies in Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type.
Molecular basis of antigenic structures of poliovirus: implications for their evolution during morphogenesis (1992)

Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against poliovirus type 1 were obtained after conventional immunization or combined in vivo-in vitro immunization. Antibody binding sites were determined by sequence analysis of neutralization-resistant mutants. Site 3 variants had several amino acid substitutions in previously unidentified positions for neutralization resistance. Evidence for a linkage of subsites 3a and 3b is presented. Some site 3b antibodies as defined previously precipitated 14S subunits, although with reduced titers.
Anisotropic domain switching in Pb(Mg <sub>1/3</sub> Nb <sub>2/3</sub> )O <sub>3</sub> ‐0.30PbTiO <sub>3</sub> single crystals with rhombohedral structure (2018)

Abstract Anisotropic domain switching paths in [001]‐, [011]‐, and [111]‐poled Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 ‐0.30PbTiO 3 single crystals were studied by in situ polarized light microscopic driven by an antiparallel electric field. Orientation‐dependent electric field induced polarization and strain behaviors were investigated systematically. For [001]‐oriented crystals, only one‐step 71° switching occurred during the domain switching process, resulting in the appearance of stripe domain walls whose traces on (001) plane were along 45° or 135° with respect to [100] direction. But for [011]‐oriented samples, a two‐step 71° switching was observed during 109° switching and the projections of formed twin domain walls on the (011) plane are along 35.3° or 144.7° with respect to [01 ] direction. Moreover, a three‐step 71° switching was found during 180° switching in [111]‐oriented samples. It was demonstrated by the produced domain walls whose projections on the (1 0) plane are along 35.3°, 90° or 160.6° with respect to [11 ] direction. The energetically motivated mechanism based on multistep polarization switching process was also proposed to explain the anisotropic domain switching paths. Our results provided a visualized observation on the ferroelectric domain switching process and also laid the solid foundations for controlling polarization order parameter in ferroelectric single crystals.
Reply to Dr Yu <i>et al</i>: Inadvertent quadriceps weakness following the pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block (2019)

To the Editor, Since the publication of our case report on the pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block,[1][1] we are thrilled to have enthusiastic response from many different centers which reproduced excellent results from this procedure. We are delighted to read the letter from Dr Yu et al [2][2]
Hemangiomas, nuevos enfoques terapéuticos (2004)

Debido a que los hemangiomas son tumoraciones benignas frecuentes en la infancia, es importante establecer las diferencias existentes con otras anomalias vasculares. Esta revision bibliografica tiene como objetivos determinar las caracteristicas clinicas especificas que constituyen un hemangioma y las posibilidades de una regresion rapida del tumor mediante el manejo temprano de nuevas formas terapeuticas utilizadas en la actualidad con la finalidad de disminuir secuelas que puedan afectar el bienestar psicologico del paciente; en aquellos casos de crecimiento tumoral exagerado o con complicaciones.Concluimos que la utilizacion de alta tecnologia como el laser en etapa precoz, ha disminuido la proliferacion celular causantes del desarrollo de estos tumores.
Perspectivas en el establecimiento de los límites de exposición profesional para los carcionógenos (2008)

En la actualidad, el establecimiento de estos valores limite se basa en la recopilacion y estudio de la informacion toxicologica y epidemiologica disponible, a traves de los datos del nivel (concentracion o cantidad) sin efecto adverso observado (NOAEL) o del nivel (concentracion o cantidad) mas bajo para el que se ha encontrado algun efecto (LOAEL), que suministra la curva dosis-respuesta del agente quimico en cuestion. Sin embargo, todavia quedan muchos aspectos cientificos que definir y concretar.
WHATʼS NEW IN ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA (2005)

1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Regions Hospital, 640 Jackson Street, St. Paul, MN 55101. E-mail address: [email protected] 2 Orthopaedic Trauma Service, Hamilton General Hospital, 7 North, Suite 727, 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada. E-mail address: [email protected]
Selective PP and POP Bond Formations through Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Dehydrogenative Couplings of H‐Phosphonates (2010)

Different copper complexes selectively catalyze the aerobic oxidative coupling of H-phosphonates to afford either hypophosphates and pyrophosphates in high yields with high selectivity (see scheme; tmeda=N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Wavelet transform image coding using lattice vectorquantisation (1994)

A novel method for the efficient coding of image wavelet coefficients using zerotree multistage lattice vector quantisation is presented. This method achieves high compression ratios with good picture quality, maintaining a very simple implementation. Simulation results demonstrate that the coding performance of this algorithm favourably compares to some of the best reported image compression results.
Diagonal axes method (DAM): a fast search algorithm for vector quantization (1997)

Vector quantization (VQ) is a fundamental technique for image compression. But it takes time to search for a similar codeword in a codebook. Thus, the codebook search is one of the major bottlenecks in VQ. We propose a new search algorithm which is used to speed up both the codebook generation and the encoding. We call it the diagonal axes method (DAM). This new algorithm contains two major techniques: diagonal axes analysis (DAA) and orthogonal checking (OC). Since most of these procedures simply involve additions and subtractions, DAM is more efficient than some other related algorithms. Simulation results confirm this effectiveness.
Polarization-Selective Plasmon-Enhanced Silicon Quantum-Dot Luminescence (2006)

The photoluminescence intensity of silicon quantum dots is enhanced in a polarization-selective way by coupling to elongated Ag nanoparticles. The observed polarization dependence provides direct proof that the PL enhancement is due to electromagnetic coupling of the silicon quantum-dot emission dipoles with dipolar plasmon modes of the Ag nanoparticles. The polarization selectivity demonstrates the potential of engineered plasmonic nanostructures to optimize and tune the performance of light sources in a way that goes beyond solely enhancing the emission and absorption rates.
Electrodeposition of minerals in sea water: Experiments and applications (1979)

By establishing a direct electrical current between electrodes in an electrolyte like sea water, calcium carbonates, magnesium hydroxides, and hydrogen are precipitated at the cathode, while the anode produces oxygen and chlorine. Recent experiments have demonstrated in part the feasibility of using the electrodeposited minerals as building materials for a wide variety of purposes, including the construction of artificial reefs. Several of these experiments are described and some implications for marine building technology are discussed.