gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ANFIS-Based Model for Real-time INS/GPS Data Fusion for Vehicular Navigation System (2009)

Presently, Kalman filter (KF) is used to fuse data from both inertial navigation systems (INS) and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) to provide position, velocity and attitude information. However, several drawbacks associated with KF like its immunity to noise, its dependency on predefined errors models, has encouraged research activates towards investigation of other integration techniques. This study proposes and discusses the real-time implementation of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to fuse GPS and INS data for vehicular navigation applications. The proposed method was examined and compared to KF when applied to Ashtech Z12 GPS receiver and a navigation-grade INS (Honeywell LRF-III) that have been utilized inside a land vehicle. The system is evaluated while considering several intentionally introduced GPS outages for periods of 20 seconds. The ANFIS-based navigation system was able to provide the vehicle position with errors, which were mostly below 2 m. The experimental results demonstrated the advantages of the proposed AI-based INS/GPS integration techniques in regards of robustness while ensuring system position accuracy in real-time.
Suramin Blockade of Insulinlike Growth Factor I-Stimulated Proliferation of Human Osteosarcoma Cells (1990)

The polyanionic compound suramin is currently being evaluated for antineoplastic activity. On the basis of previous in vitro studies, it has been suggested that the mechanism of action of suramin may be related to its ability to attenuate the mitogenic effects of peptide growth factors, such as platelet-derived growth factor and epidermal growth factor. We recently reported that MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells are mitogenically responsive to insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I). We now demonstrate for the first time that suramin interferes with the interaction between IGF-I and its receptor and abolishes in vitro IGF-I-stimulated proliferation of these osteosarcoma cells. The fact that cell proliferation resumes when suramin is removed indicates that this is not a cytotoxic effect. We conclude that IGF-I should be added to the list of growth factors whose bioactivity can be attenuated by suramin and that clinical studies of suramin and its analogues are indicated in IGF-I-receptor-positive malignancies such as osteogenic sarcoma.
Voltage- and space-clamp errors associated with the measurement of electrotonically remote synaptic events (1993)

1. The voltage- and space-clamp errors associated with the use of a somatic electrode to measure current from dendritic synapses are evaluated using both equivalent-cylinder and morphologically realistic models of neuronal dendritic trees. 2. As a first step toward understanding the properties of synaptic current distortion under voltage-clamp conditions, the attenuation of step and sinusoidal voltage changes are evaluated in equivalent cylinder models. Demonstration of the frequency-dependent attenuation of voltage in the cable is then used as a framework for understanding the distortion of synaptic currents generated at sites remote from the somatic recording electrode and measured in the voltage-clamp recording configuration. 3. Increases in specific membrane resistivity (Rm) are shown to reduce steady-state voltage attenuation, while producing only minimal reduction in attenuation of transient voltage changes. Experimental manipulations that increase Rm therefore improve the accuracy of estimates of reversal potential for electrotonically remote synapses, but do not significantly reduce the attenuation of peak current. In addition, increases in Rm have the effect of slowing the kinetics of poorly clamped synaptic currents. 4. The effects of the magnitude of the synaptic conductance and its kinetics on the measured synaptic currents are also examined and discussed. The error in estimating parameters from measured synaptic currents is greatest for synapses with fast kinetics and large conductances. 5. A morphologically realistic model of a CA3 pyramidal neuron is used to demonstrate the generality of the conclusions derived from equivalent cylinder models. The realistic model is also used to fit synaptic currents generated by stimulation of mossy fiber (MF) and commissural/associational (C/A) inputs to CA3 neurons and to estimate the amount of distortion of these measured currents. 6. Anatomic data from the CA3 pyramidal neuron model are used to construct a simplified two-cylinder CA3 model. This model is used to estimate the electrotonic distances of MF synapses (which are located proximal to the soma) and perforant path (PP) synapses (which are located at the distal ends of the apical dendrites) and the distortion of synaptic current parameters measured for these synapses. 7. Results from the equivalent-cylinder models, the morphological CA3 model, and the simplified CA3 model all indicate that the amount of distortion of synaptic currents increases steeply as a function of distance from the soma. MF synapses close to the soma are likely to be subject only to small space-clamp errors, whereas MF synapses farther from the soma are likely to be substantially attenuated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Photonic spin-controlled multifunctional shared-aperture antenna array (2016)

The shared-aperture phased antenna array developed in the field of radar applications is a promising approach for increased functionality in photonics. The alliance between the shared-aperture concepts and the geometric phase phenomenon arising from spin-orbit interaction provides a route to implement photonic spin-control multifunctional metasurfaces. We adopted a thinning technique within the shared-aperture synthesis and investigated interleaved sparse nanoantenna matrices and the spin-enabled asymmetric harmonic response to achieve helicity-controlled multiple structured wavefronts such as vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum. We used multiplexed geometric phase profiles to simultaneously measure spectrum characteristics and the polarization state of light, enabling integrated on-chip spectropolarimetric analysis. The shared-aperture metasurface platform opens a pathway to novel types of nanophotonic functionality.
The sequence and X-ray structure of the trypsin from <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> (1993)

The trypsin from Fusarium oxysporum is equally homologous to trypsins from Streptomyces griseus, Streptomyces erythraeus and to bovine trypsin. A DFP (diisopropylfluorophosphate) inhibited form of the enzyme has been crystallized from 1.4 M Na2SO4, buffered with citrate at pH 5.0-5.5. The crystals belong to space group P2(1) with cell parameters a = 33.43 A, b = 67.65 A, c = 39.85 A and beta = 107.6 degrees. There is one protein molecule in the asymmetric unit. X-ray diffraction data to a resolution of 1.8 A were collected on film using synchrotron radiation. The structure was solved by molecular replacement using models of bovine and S. griseus trypsins and refined to an R-factor of 0.141. The overall fold is similar to other trypsins, with some insertions and deletions. There is no evidence of the divalent cation binding sites seen in other trypsins. The covalently bound inhibitor molecule is clearly visible.
Clean Oxidation Technologies: New Prospects in the Epoxidation of Olefins (1996)

Two new routes to propylene oxide, based on titanium silicalite catalysis, have been studied. The first route concerns the epoxidation of propylene carried out with in situ generation of hydrogen peroxide. The olefin is made to react with air and an alkylanthrahydroquinone in one pot, producing the epoxide in up to 78% yield. The second route is based on the use of the same solvent, i.e. a methanol/water mixture, which extracts hydrogen peroxide from the working solution (anthraquinone process) and functions as the epoxidation medium. Organic impurities extracted together with the oxidant do not affect either the rate of reaction or the epoxide purity. Coproduction of chlorinated wastes and organic chemicals, as it occurs in the chlorohydrin and hydroperoxide processes, is avoided. Water is the only coproduct in the new routes. Preliminary evaluations look rather promising and encourage further studies.
24.1: Fingerprint Scanner Using a‐Si: H TFT‐Array (2000)

Abstract Two‐dimensional contact type fingerprint scanner with a resolution of 300 dpi (84 μm dot pitch) were fabricated for the fingerprint recognition. This sensor array consists of three parts; a sensor thin film transistor (TFT), storage capacitor and switch TFT. High quality of captured fingerprint image was obtained through the a‐Si:H TFT‐array with a high photo to dark current ratio of above 3 order of sensor TFT.
In-vivo multi-exponential T2, magnetization transfer and quantitative histology in a rat model of intramyelinic edema (2013)

Two MRI methods, multi-exponential analysis of transverse relaxation (MET2) and quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT), were used along with quantitative evaluation of histology in a study of intra-myelinic edema in rat spinal white matter. The results showed a strong linear correlation between a distinct long-T2 signal from MET2 analysis and the edema water volume fraction as measured by histology, although this analysis overestimated the edema water content by ≈ 100% relative to quantitative histological measurements. This overestimation was reasoned to result from the effects of inter-compartmental water exchange on observed transverse relaxation. Commonly studied MRI markers for myelin, the myelin water fraction (from MET2 analysis) and the macromolecular pool size ratio (from qMT analysis) produced results that could not be explained purely by changes in myelin content. The results demonstrate the potential for MET2 analysis as well as the limits of putative myelin markers for characterizing white matter abnormalities involving intra-myelinic edema.
Antidiabetic and antioxidative effects of hydro-methanolic extract of sepals of Salmalia malabarica in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats (2010)

Natural products with antidiabetic activities provide important sources for the development of new drugs in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This present work focuses on the antidiabetic activity of a hydro-methanolic (2:3) extract of the sepals of Salmalia malabarica on the blood glucose, the carbohydrade metabolic enzyme, oxidative stress, glycated haemoglobin and transaminase activity in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Diabetic rats show a significant diminution in the activities of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and an elevation in the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase in the liver and skeletal muscle. Administration of hydro-methanolic extract of the sepals of Salmalia malabarica to diabetic rats resulted in a significant recovery in the parameters concerned. In the liver and kidney, the activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (Px) were decreased significantly and levels of conjugated diene (CD) and thio-barbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) were increased significantly in diabetic rats which recovered significantly after administration of hydro-methanolic extract of S. malabarica. Serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) activities which are increased in diabetes were restored by the extract. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) levels were resettled significantly in the extract treated group compared to the diabetic group. The antidiabetic activity of the extract was supported after a comparison with glibenclamide, a standard antidiabetic drug.
Structure–initiator activity dependence of aminimides as thermally latent initiators in the polymerization of glycidyl phenyl ether (2000)

Novel aliphatic aminimides were synthesized from the corresponding carboxylic acid esters, 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, and epoxides in 54–95% yields. Bulk polymerization of glycidyl phenyl ether (GPE) with 3 mol % of the aminimides was evaluated by DSC as a model process for curing of epoxy resin. All the aminimides showed no exothermic DSC peak below 120 °C but showed sharp exothermic peaks above 137 °C, indicating good thermal latency. Good relationships were observed between the calculated bond length from the carbonyl carbon to the α-carbon of the aliphatic group (RC), DSC onset temperatures, and the thermal dissociation temperatures (Td 's) of the aminimides. The aminimide with a longer RC bond length showed lower Td and DSC onset temperature, that is, higher activity. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 3428–3433, 2000
Synthesis of Chelating Agents. IV. Synthesis and Chelating Behavior of 1-Phenyl-ethylenedinitrilo-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′,<i>N</i>′-tetraacetic Acid and 1,2-Diphenyl-ethylenedinitrilo-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′,<i>N</i>′-tetraacetic Acid (1967)

Abstract 1-Phenylethylenedinitrilo-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid and dl-1,2-diphenylethylenedinitrilo-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid have been synthesized by the carboxymethylation of the corresponding phenyl-substituted ethylenediamines. The chelate stability constants of the two ligands have been determined potentiometrically for alkaline earth and selected transition metal ions. The increase in the chelate stability as compared with EDTA was interpreted in terms of the steric effect of phenyl substitutions.
Spontaneous Object Recognition in the Göttingen Minipig (2002)

Göttingen minipigs were tested in an object recognition procedure based on spontaneous exploration. Eight pigs were exposed to two similar objects in a sample trial and after a one-hour delay exposed to two objects, one familiar and one novel, in a test trial. The pigs explored the novel object significantly more than the familiar object in the test trial (p<0.05), thereby showing recognition of the familiar object. Furthermore, habituation of exploration of the familiar object between the sample trial and the test trial was found (p<0.05). The procedure can be useful for testing of spontaneous trial-unique memory in pigs.
The High Energy Nuclear Photoeffect (1951)

The nuclear photoeffect for photons of energy greater than 150 Mev is calculated assuming the two-nucleon model used by Heidmann. The main features of the nuclear photoeffect are then quite similar to those of the deuteron photoeffect. The cross section for nuclear absorption of a high energy photon is about 1.6A times the cross section for the deuteron photoeffect. The deuteron photoeffect gives a very strongly forward angular distribution for protons of a given energy, observed in the laboratory system. The angular distribution for protons from the nuclear photoeffect is almost as strongly forward: for 90-Mev protons in the laboratory system the ratio of the differential cross section at 60\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} to that at 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} is about 3. The proton energy spectrum decreases rapidly with proton energy, and becomes steeper for observations at large angles. The calculated angular distributions and proton energy spectra are in fair agreement with measurements by Walker. The absolute value of the differential cross section for 90-Mev protons from carbon at 30\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} (laboratory system) is about 0.2 \ensuremath{\mu}barn/Mev steradian per $Q$, or about 20 \ensuremath{\mu}barn/steradian per photon. This absolute value is about one-third the absolute value measured by Walker, and is somewhat larger than the absolute value measured by Levinthal and Silverman.
IL-10–producing T cells suppress immune responses in anergic tuberculosis patients (2000)

The lethality of Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains the highest among infectious organisms and is linked to inadequate immune response of the host. Containment and cure of tuberculosis requires an effective cell-mediated immune response, and the absence, during active tuberculosis infection, of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses to mycobacterial antigens, defined as anergy, is associated with poor clinical outcome. To investigate the biochemical events associated with this anergy, we screened 206 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and identified anergic patients by their lack of dermal reactivity to tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD). In vitro stimulation of T cells with PPD induced production of IL-10, IFN-gamma, and proliferation in PPD(+) patients, whereas cells from anergic patients produced IL-10 but not IFN-gamma and failed to proliferate in response to this treatment. Moreover, in anergic patients IL-10-producing T cells were constitutively present, and T-cell receptor-mediated (TCR-mediated) stimulation resulted in defective phosphorylation of TCRzeta and defective activation of ZAP-70 and MAPK. These results show that T-cell anergy can be induced by antigen in vivo in the intact human host and provide new insights into mechanisms by which M. tuberculosis escapes immune surveillance.
Disproportionation of Alkylbenzenes. I. Product Distribution and Rate Studies (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDisproportionation of Alkylbenzenes. I. Product Distribution and Rate StudiesA. P. Lien and D. A. McCaulayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 10, 2407–2410Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01106a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01106a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views143Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Second-harmonic generation by picosecond optical pulses (1969)

The generation of second-harmonic radiation in a non-linear dielectric by an arbitrary broad-band optical signal is analyzed and application of the theory is made to harmonic generation by a short pulse. The spectrum and time dependence of the harmonic radiation is calculated in terms of the corresponding quantities for the fundamental pulse. Several types of pulses, including a frequency-swept pulse, are treated. Experimental results on the second-harmonic spectrum are presented and compared with the theory, as are previously reported results on the time dependence.
Measurement-based network monitoring and inference: scalability and missing information (2002)

Using measurements collected at network monitors to infer network conditions is a promising approach for network-centric monitoring. In this context, an important question arises: given the number and locations of network monitors, how much network management resources (e.g., the number of measurements) are needed to obtain an accurate estimate of network states? We define the scalability of measurement-based network monitoring as the growth rate of the number of measurements required for accurate network monitoring/inference with respect to the size of a network. We develop a framework for investigating the scalability in the context of multicast inference with the monitors at the edges of a network. In such a framework, network monitoring/inference can be formulated as probability density estimation of network states. The growth rate is characterized through the sample complexity, which is the number of measurements needed to accurately estimate the density. The missing data framework is introduced to estimate the growth rate, where the missing data reflect unavailable measurements at the unobservable nodes without resident monitors, and the underlying nodal packet losses. We show that when the missing information is mainly due to the number of unobservable nodes, the number of measurements needed grows linearly with the size of the network, and the measurement-based inference approach is, thus, scalable. When the missing information is mainly due to the underlying nodal packet losses, the number of measurements needed grows faster than linear with the size of the network, and the measurement-based inference approach is, thus, not scalable. Our results provide guidelines for accessing feasibility of the measurement-based inference approach, and the number of probes required. We give numerical examples to illustrate some of our results.
Neurogenic Inflammation in Nasal Allergy: Histochemical and Pharmacological Studies in Guinea Pigs: A review (1993)

The role of neuropeptides in nasal allergy was examined in guinea pigs by histochemical and pharmacological study. Intranasal application of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) induced nasal allergy-like behaviors: sneezing and watery rhinorrhea, and decreased histamine content in the nasal mucosa in guinea pigs sensitized with TDI. The immunoreactivity of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the nerve terminals in the nasal mucosa was increased after intranasal application of TDI. We also observed a decrease in the immunoreactivity of SP and CGRP, and an increase in their mRNA expression in the trigeminal ganglion neurons. These findings indicate that exposure to TDI enhanced the biosynthesis of both SP and CGRP in the trigeminal ganglion neurons and their axonal transportation to the terminals in the nasal mucosa. In animals pretreated with capsaicin before sensitization, TDI did not induce nasal allergy-like behaviors and histamine release in the nasal mucosa. Since capsaicin depletes SP and CGRP in the sensory nerves, this finding indicates neuropeptide-mediated histamine release in the nasal mucosa. All these findings suggest that, on exposure to TDI, the antidromic release of SP and CGRP in the nasal mucosa triggers the release of histamine, resulting in the development of symptoms of nasal allergy.
Loving a village (1993)

L'A. relate ses relations, en tant que chercheur et ami, avec les habitants du village de Pere dans l'ile Manus (Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinee) dont il a retranscrit l'histoire « Stori bilong Pere » afin de les aider a se souvenir du passe. Suite a une etude proposee par M. Mead, il se rendit regulierement a Pere meme apres la mort de celle-ci et de Kilepak, l'homme qui avait organise l'inauguration du Centre communautaire Margaret Mead. Ces relations tres etroites ont conduit des habitants de Pere a venir a Carmel
Genetic Prodrug Activation Therapy for Breast Cancer: A Phase I Clinical Trial of<i>erb</i>B-2–Directed Suicide Gene Expression (1999)

The results of this study, the first targeted gene therapy for breast cancer and the first to use the cytosine deaminase system in human subjects, are encouraging for the development of genetic prodrug activation therapies that exploit the transcriptional profile of cancer cells.
A Practical Synthesis of Optically Active Atenolol from Chiral Epichlorohydrin. (1997)

The synthesis of (R)- and (S)-atenolol (1) was achieved in two steps starting from p-hydroxyphenylacetamide (2). Both enantiomers of the glycidyl ether 4 were synthesized from 2 and (R)- and (S)-epichlorohydrin (3) using an alkali metal hydroxide and/or BTA (benzyltrimethylammonium chloride), respectively. Subsequent treatment of 4 with isopropylamine afforded atenolol (1) with excellent enantiomeric excess (>98% ee).