gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extraordinary induction heating effect near the first order Curie transition (2014)

While materials with a 1st order Curie transition (TC) are known for the magnetic cooling effect due to the reversibility of their large entropy change, they also have a great potential as a candidate material for induction heating where a large loss power is required under a limited alternating magnetic field. We have carried out a proof-of-concept study on the induction heating effect in 1st order ferromagnetic materials where the temperature is self-regulated at TC. LaFe11.57Si1.43H1.75, a well-known magnetocaloric material, was employed in this study because TC of this compound (319 K) resides in the ideal temperature range for hyperthermia treatment of cancerous cells. It is found that the hysteresis loss of LaFe11.57Si1.43H1.75 increases dramatically near TC due to the magnetic phase coexistence associated with the 1st order magnetic transition. The spontaneous magnetization (Ms) shows a very abrupt decrease from 110 Am2kg−1 at 316 K to zero at 319 K. This large Ms immediately below TC along with the enhanced irreversibility of the hysteresis curve result in a specific absorption rate as large as 0.5 kWg−1 under a field of 8.8 kAm−1 at 279 kHz. This value is nearly an order of magnitude larger than that observed under the same condition for conventional iron oxide-based materials. Moreover, the large heating effect is self-regulated at the 1st order TC (319 K). This proof-of-concept study shows that the extraordinary heating effect near the 1st order Curie point opens up a novel alloy design strategy for large, self-regulated induction heating.
Contribution of discourse and morphosyntax skills to reading comprehension in Chinese dyslexic and typically developing children (2010)

This study aimed at identifying important skills for reading comprehension in Chinese dyslexic children and their typically developing counterparts matched on age (CA controls) or reading level (RL controls). The children were assessed on Chinese reading comprehension, cognitive, and reading-related skills. Results showed that the dyslexic children performed significantly less well than the CA controls but similarly to RL controls in most measures. Results of multiple regression analyses showed that word-level reading-related skills like oral vocabulary and word semantics were found to be strong predictors of reading comprehension among typically developing junior graders and dyslexic readers of senior grades, whereas morphosyntax, a text-level skill, was most predictive for typically developing senior graders. It was concluded that discourse and morphosyntax skills are particularly important for reading comprehension in the non-inflectional and topic-prominent Chinese system.
Dark Places: True Crime Writing in Australia (2008)

This article outlines a brief textual and critical history of true crime writing in Australia, before addressing some of the methodological problems attached to a genre that relies simultaneously upon a rhetoric of truth claims and the activation of myth, superstition, gossip and story as its narrative strategies. It concludes by examining John Bryson’s Evil Angels, a seminal text in the history of Australian true crime, as an exemplar of the genre’s dual investment in history and storytelling, information and imagination.
Autoimmune diseases co-existing with hepatitis C virus infection. (2010)

Autoimmunity and viral infections are closely associated fields, and viruses have been proposed as a likely aetiological, contributory or triggering factors of systemic autoimmune diseases. Hepatitis C virus seems to be the virus usually associated with the appearance of autoimmune diseases, and the relationship between chronic hepatitis C virus infection and some autoimmune disease has been studied. For some of these disorders their association with hepatitis C virus infection is well recognized while for others it remains probable or weak. Examples of autoimmune phenomena observed in chronic hepatitis C virus infection include rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disease, cryoglobulinaemia, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, systemic lupus erythematosus and sjogren syndrome. To date, the etiological role and the pathogenetic involvement of the hepatitis C infection remains unknown.The aim of this study is to assess the presence of different autoimmune manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection reported in literature.
Probable Annual Maximum Rainfall for Barapani, Meghalaya (2012)

Annual daily rainfall data for 28 years (1983–2010) of Barapani, Meghalaya has been collected and frequency analysis of maximum daily rainfall has been attempted. The annual maximum daily rainfall data has been fitted to five different probability distribution functions i.e. Normal, Log-normal, Pearson Type-III, Log Pearson Type-III and Gumbel Type-I extreme. The probable rainfall value for different return periods has been estimated. These estimated values have been compared with the values obtained by Weibull’s Method. The analysis indicates that, the Gumbel distribution gives the closet fit to the observed data. Therefore this distribution may be used to predict maximum rainfall, which will be a great importance for economic planning and design of small and medium hydraulic structures.
Genomic analysis of the potential for aromatic compounds biodegradation in <i>Burkholderiales</i> (2011)

The relevance of the β-proteobacterial Burkholderiales order in the degradation of a vast array of aromatic compounds, including several priority pollutants, has been largely assumed. In this review, the presence and organization of genes encoding oxygenases involved in aromatics biodegradation in 80 Burkholderiales genomes is analysed. This genomic analysis underscores the impressive catabolic potential of this bacterial lineage, comprising nearly all of the central ring-cleavage pathways reported so far in bacteria and most of the peripheral pathways involved in channelling of a broad diversity of aromatic compounds. The more widespread pathways in Burkholderiales include protocatechuate ortho ring-cleavage, catechol ortho ring-cleavage, homogentisate ring-cleavage and phenylacetyl-CoA ring-cleavage pathways found in at least 60% of genomes analysed. In general, a genus-specific pattern of positional ordering of biodegradative genes is observed in the catabolic clusters of these pathways indicating recent events in its evolutionary history. In addition, a significant bias towards secondary chromosomes, now termed chromids, is observed in the distribution of catabolic genes across multipartite genomes, which is consistent with a genus-specific character. Strains isolated from environmental sources such as soil, rhizosphere, sediment or sludge show a higher content of catabolic genes in their genomes compared with strains isolated from human, animal or plant hosts, but no significant difference is found among Alcaligenaceae, Burkholderiaceae and Comamonadaceae families, indicating that habitat is more of a determinant than phylogenetic origin in shaping aromatic catabolic versatility.
Aminoferrocene Lithiation by Boron Trifluoride Activation (2008)

Lithiation of BF 3-complexed dimethylaminoferrocene occurs exclusively ortho to the dimethylamino group in the cyclopentadienyl ring providing structurally diverse products in 76-94% yield after electrophile quench. This method represents the first direct C2-lithiation of a monosubstituted aminoferrocene, offering rapid and complementary access to this class of compounds over procedures that utilize carbon- and sulfur-based directing groups and may serve as a prelude to an asymmetric process.
Monocytes Treated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Tat Kill Uninfected CD4<sup>+</sup>Cells by a Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Induced Ligand-Mediated Mechanism (2003)

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Tat protein has a critical role in viral transcription, but this study focuses on its additional role as an extracellular effector of lymphocyte cell death. It is well known that Tat induces tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand (TRAIL) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and we show that the majority of TRAIL is produced by the monocyte subset of PBMC. Human monocytes and U937 monoblastoid cells did not take up soluble HIV Tat-86, as T cells did, yet produced more TRAIL than did T cells. TRAIL secretion was induced by Tat and by a cysteine-rich peptide of Tat but not by sulfhydryl-modified Tat toxoid. Although there was only a slight increase in cell surface expression of TRAIL on monocytes, sufficient TRAIL was secreted to be toxic for T cells. The cytotoxicity of Tat-stimulated monocyte medium could be blocked by a TRAIL-neutralizing antibody. T cells treated with Tat did not secrete enough TRAIL to mediate cell death in our assay. Remarkably, uninfected T cells are more susceptible to TRAIL than are HIV-infected T cells. The production of TRAIL by Tat-stimulated monocytes provides a mechanism by which HIV infection can destroy uninfected bystander cells.
Neutrophil recruitment and phagocytosis of boar spermatozoa after artificial insemination of sows, and the effects of inseminate volume, sperm dose and specific additives in the extender (2003)

In this study the recruitment of leucocytes and phagocytosis of spermatozoa after artificial insemination of multiparous sows was investigated. In Expt 1, groups of sows received either no inseminate (n = 6) or inseminates with various concentrations of spermatozoa and seminal plasma or different inseminate volumes (n = 9 per group). In Expt 2, groups of sows received inseminates containing no addition, caffeine + CaCl(2), or excess EDTA (n = 6 per group). Leucocytes and spermatozoa were counted in the collected backflow from the vulva, and in the PBS flushings of the genital tract of sows killed at 4 h after insemination. Tissue homogenates were checked for remaining spermatozoa. Leucocyte recruitment did not depend on the presence of seminal plasma or spermatozoa. In the control groups about 43% of the inseminated spermatozoa were found in the backflow and 5% in the genital tract. Many spermatozoa could be recognized inside polymorphonuclear leucocytes. With an inseminate volume of 20 ml instead of 80 ml, fewer spermatozoa were found in the backflow and more (non-phagocytosed) spermatozoa were recovered in the uterus (P < or = 0.05). With a sperm dose of 0.24 x 10(9) instead of 2.4 x 10(9), a higher percentage of the inseminated spermatozoa was recovered in the oviducts (P < or = 0.05). The use of caffeine + CaCl(2) resulted in lower recruitment of leucocytes (P < or = 0.05) and a higher number of non-phagocytosed spermatozoa in the uterus (P < or = 0.01) compared with controls. The numbers of spermatozoa in the oviducts were not different. Insemination with excess EDTA had no positive effects on the number of spermatozoa in the genital tract.
Diagnostic Usefulness of CD23 and FMC-7 Antigen Expression Patterns in B-Cell Lymphoma Classification (2001)

CD23 and FMC-7 are normal B-cell antigens used during diagnostic immunophenotyping of suspected lymphoproliferative disorders, but the diagnostic usefulness of antigenic expression patterns of simultaneous 2-color staining and flow cytometric analysis has not been reported. We evaluated the FMC-7 and CD23 expression pattern in 201 cases of B-cell lymphoma from tissue biopsy specimens by multiparameter flow cytometry. The CD23-/FMC-7+ pattern was the most common pattern in large cell, mantle cell, and marginal zone lymphomas. The CD23 and FMC-7 antigen, along with the CD5 coexpression pattern, permitted accurate classification of all 71 cases of small lymphocytic, mantle cell, and marginal zone types of lymphoma. The widest variation of patterns was with follicular cell lymphoma, although most cases expressed the CD23 +/-/FMC-7+ pattern (+/-, partial or minor subset expression). The CD23 and FMC-7 antigen expression pattern was predictive of subtypes in more than 95% of lymphoma cases and could narrow the differential diagnosis in the remaining cases. We conclude the flow cytometric CD23/FMC-7 expression pattern achieved by dual staining facilitates accurate and reproducible classification of B-cell lymphomas and has diagnostic usefulness.
Fabrication nano-pillars pattern on PDMS using anodic aluminum oxide film as template (2012)

Nano-pillars pattern on PDMS were fabricated by using highly ordered and density nano-pore arrays of anodic aluminum oxide film as template. We used cyclohexane to dilute polydimethylsiloxane then filled it to template, the pillars diameters range from 100 to 200 nm, pillars height about 3 to 5 μm. The morphologies of template membrane and nanopillars arrays were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. This process offered a cheaper and easier method to develop a large area and highly ordered nanostructure mold, this mold can be used in a broad range applications such as, optoelectronic devices, semiconductor devices, bio devices, field emission displays, data storage and so on.
IL‐10 levels in Dengue patients: Some findings from the exceptional epidemiological conditions in Cuba (2004)

The pathogenesis associated with Dengue haemorrhagic fever, has yet to be fully elucidated, with no definitive in vivo evidence. The exceptional epidemiological circumstances in Cuba allow the evaluation of different mediators in a well-defined situation. In the present study, we describe the determination of levels of IL-12, IL-10 and RANTES in the sera of Cuban patients hospitalised with Dengue fever or Dengue haemorrhagic fever. The results showed that levels of serum IL-10 were higher in patients than controls, and those patients with secondary infections had consistently higher levels. All the Dengue haemorrhagic fever patients had increased levels of IL-10. In contrast, levels of IL-12 did not differ between patients and controls. Finally, RANTES serum levels detected in patients were lower than those observed in the controls. The association of increased levels of IL-10 in Dengue patients with a sequential infection suggests a possible role of this cytokine in the pathogenesis of Dengue disease.
Genetic Control of Immune Responses to HIV‐1 <i>env</i> DNA Vaccine (1997)

We investigated the genetic control of immunoglobulin production and the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response produced by an HIV-specific DNA vaccine using several strains of mice. Murine antigen-specific immunoglobulin production was determined by ELISA. The DTH response was assessed in terms of the footpad swelling reaction. All strains of mice, except for B10.RIII and B10.T(6R), exhibited strong immunoglobulin production and footpad swelling in response to the DNA vaccine. In vitro treatment of lymphoid cells with monoclonal antibodies showed that the footpad swelling response was mediated by CD4+8- and Ia- T cells. However, CD8+ T cells did not suppress footpad swelling. There was no difference in the induction of HIV-specific immunoglobulin production or DTH response induced by the DNA vaccine among the strains, suggesting that HIV-specific DNA vaccine is useful for immunizing various populations against HIV-1.
Bit engine for digital video recording (DVR) on a 12-cm disk with 22-GB user capacity and 50 Mb/s data rate (2000)

At the joint ISOM/ODS in 1999 SONY and Philips proposed a new physical format for a third generation optical disc storage system: DVR, Digital Video Recording. The DVR system enables a storage capacity of at least 22 Gbytes with a data rate of 50 Mbit/s on a single layered re-writable optical disc. The main ingredients of the DVR system are the use of a blue laser (400 nm wavelength) and a high numerical aperture (NA equals 0.85) objective lens. For this purpose a new rigid two-element glass-2P replicated aspherical objective has been developed. The DVR physical standard is based on phase change technology, allowing for removable media with high data throughput and long lifetime, and optical pickups of low complexity. All channel and servo electronics have been breadboarded, conforming to the physical format for DVR. In this paper we present an overview of the DVR bit engine and pay special attention to newly developed components, such as a general purpose laser driver IC, a plastic beam shaper and a collimator actuator for spherical aberration control. We report the results of the format evaluation using this bit engine, and we briefly mention the coupling to the video recording application layer.
Component Matters: Paving the Roadmap toward Enhanced Electrocatalytic Performance of Graphitic C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-Based Catalysts <i>via</i> Atomic Tuning (2017)

Atomically precise understanding of componential influences is crucial for looking into the reaction mechanism and controlled synthesis of efficient electrocatalysts. Herein, by means of comprehensive experimental and theoretical studies, we carefully examine the effects of component dopants on the catalytic performance of graphitic C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>)-based electrocatalysts. The g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> monoliths with three types of dopant elements (B, P, and S) embedded in different sites (either C or N) of the C-N skeleton are rationally designed and synthesized. The kinetics, intrinsic activity, charge-transfer process, and intermediate adsorption/desorption free energy of the selected catalysts in oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction are investigated both experimentally and theoretically. We demonstrate that the component aspect within the g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> motifs has distinct and substantial effects on the corresponding electroactivities, and proper component element engineering can be a viable yet efficient protocol to render the metal-free composites as competent catalysts rivaling the metallic counterparts. We hope that this study may shed light on the empirical trial-and-error exploration in design and development of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-based materials as well as other metal-free catalysts for energy-related electrocatalytic reactions.
Strong friction of silicon carbide nanowire films (2008)

Nanostructures exhibit strong adhesion, which gives rise to friction even without normal loads. For technological applications, friction involves non-zero compressive loads. However, such frictional behavior of the 1D nanostructures remains unknown. Taking SiC-SiO(2) core-shell nanowire films (NWFs) as a prototype, this paper reports strong friction of the 1D nanostructures. The maximum static frictional force between an NWF and a macroscopic solid surface is 5-12 times that between two macroscopic solids; the frictional coefficient scales similarly.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND APPLICATIONS OF 2‐BROMOETHYL GLYCOSIDES: SYNTHESIS OF SPACER‐ARM GLYCOSIDES AND AGGLUTINATION INHIBITORS (1983)

Abstract Aus den peracetylierten Sacchariden (I) bzw. (V) werden mit Bromethanol (II) die Bromethylglycoside (IV) bzw. (VI) dargestellt.
The Features of the Romanian External Commercial Trades (2012)

The events of December 1989 represented the trigger which determined the future evolution of Romania from an economic and political point of view. Among the first reform measures, adopted after the fall of communism, were also those regarding Romania’s commercial policy. Being aware of the global economy’s globalization trend, Romania liberalized its external trade, fact appreciated by the EU. Actually, Romania’s main objective at that time was joining the EU. In this paper I have tried to present aspects regarding the evolution of Romania’s exports and imports in two time intervals. The first interval refers to the pre-adherence period, being marked by the country’s mistakes during the transition towards a market economy and the second interval refers to the post-adherence period, marked by the rules imposed by the EU and the effects of the global financial crisis.
Time-Based Sensing for Reference-Less and Robust Read in STT-MRAM Memories (2018)

This paper introduces the concept of time-based sensing (TBS) for bitcell read in spin transfer torque magnetic RAMs arrays. The TBS scheme converts the bitline voltage into time, then the sense amplifier discriminates the two bitcell levels in the time domain. The TBS scheme substantially improves the read yield compared to conventional voltage sensing (CVS). As further advantage, TBS requires no analog reference generation and distribution by leveraging the implicit timing reference set by the gate delay in the sense amplifier. Monte Carlo simulations in 65 nm show that the proposed TBS improves the read bit error rate (BER) by two-three orders of magnitude, compared to CVS. This is achieved at the cost of less than 1% area penalty and 13-14% performance degradation, and insignificant (2%) energy penalty when designed at iso-area (minimum delay). Compared to other sensing schemes at iso-BER, the proposed TBS scheme achieves a more favorable area-robustness-energy-performance tradeoff.
SECONDARY GAS INJECTION IN A CONICAL ROCKET NOZZLE (1963)

Data are presented on side forces generated by secondary gas injection in a 15° conical rocket exhaust nozzle. The side force was measured directly with a force transducer and the data examined in terms of an amplification factor I8/I8*9 where Is is the measured effective specific impulse of injectant, and Is* is the specific impulse of injectant for sonic flow into a vacuum. Injection was normal to the axis of the nozzle through a single circular orifice at a fixed point in the diverging portion of the nozzle. variety of ambient temperature gaseous injectants (H2, He, He + Ar, N2, CO2, and Ar) and orifice diameters were carefully studied. Injectant flow rate was varied for each configuration. The main propellant was hot gas (catalytically decomposed 90% H2O2), and motor conditions were held essentially constant. Aj = A = CD = FN = F =
Modeling Proton Transfer in Imidazole-like Dimers: A Density Functional Theory Study (2011)

A detailed theoretical study of proton transfer reaction in protonated imidazole, 1,2,3-triazole, and tetrazole dimers, the basic components of polymeric membrane used in proton exchange membranes fuel cells, has been carried out. In particular, several approaches based on density functional theory have been considered and their results compared with those provided by post-HF methods. From a computational point of view, these molecules appear to be a very challenging playground also for robust and recent functionals. Indeed none of the considered approaches provide results in close agreement with the reference post-HF data and a combined BMK//B3LYP model seems the only approach able to reproduce both the energetic and the structural features. From a chemical point of view, two new mechanisms of proton transfer in tetrazole dimers have been investigated and found to be more favorable than that previously hypothesized in literature. At the same time, the theoretical results show a direct connection between the obtained proton transfer barrier and the charge localized on the transferred hydrogen.
Attribute Aggregation in Federated Identity Management (2009)

Most federated identity management systems are limited by users' ability to choose only one identity provider per service session. A proposed linking service lets users securely link their various identity provider (IdP) accounts, enabling the system to aggregate attributes from multiple authoritative sources automatically without requiring users to authenticate separately to each IdP.