gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thrombopoietin therapy increases platelet yields in healthy platelet donors (2001)

The recombinant thrombopoietins have been shown to be effective stimulators of platelet production in cancer patients. It was therefore of interest to determine if one of these, pegylated recombinant human megakaryocyte growth and development factor (PEG-rHuMGDF), could be used to increase platelet counts and consequently platelet yields from apheresis in healthy platelet donors. In a blinded, 2-cycle, crossover study, 59 platelet donors were randomized to receive a single subcutaneous injection of PEG-rHuMGDF (1 microg/kg or 3 microg/kg) or placebo and 15 days later undergo platelet apheresis. Donors treated with placebo had a median peak platelet count after PEG-rHuMGDF injection of 248 x 10(9)/L compared with 366 x 10(9)/L in donors treated with 1 microg/kg PEG-rHuMGDF and 602 x 10(9)/L in donors treated with 3 microg/kg PEG-rHuMGDF. The median maximum percentage that platelet counts increased from baseline was 10% in donors who received placebo compared with 70% in donors who received 1 microg/kg and 167% in donors who received 3 microg/kg PEG-rHuMGDF. There was a direct relationship between the platelet yield and the preapheresis platelet count: Placebo-treated donors provided 3.8 x 10(11) (range 1.3 x 10(11)-7.9 x 10(11)) platelets compared with 5.6 x 10(11) (range 2.6 x 10(11)-12.5 x 10(11)) or 11.0 x 10(11) (range 7.1 x 10(11)-18.3 x 10(11)) in donors treated with 1 microg/kg or 3 microg/kg PEG-rHuMGDF, respectively. Substandard collections (<3 x 10(11) platelets) were obtained from 26%, 4%, and 0% of the placebo, 1 microg/kg, and 3 microg/kg donors, respectively. No serious adverse events were reported; nor were there events that met the criteria for dose-limiting toxicity. Thrombopoietin therapy can increase platelet counts in healthy donors to provide a median 3-fold more apheresis platelets compared with untreated donors.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of breast carcinoma with endocrine differentiation (2000)

BACKGROUND The value of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in atypical proliferative to in situ to low grade invasive breast lesions remains limited due to the overlapping cytologic features of these entities. In the current study the authors review the FNA cytology of endocrine carcinoma and identify common cytologic features that allow for the diagnosis of this uncommon, low grade subtype of mammary malignancy. METHODS The histopathology files from the medical practices of both authors were searched between January 1996 and May 1999 and yielded six cases of endocrine carcinoma. The clinical history and all previous FNA smears were reviewed. RESULTS All six patients were elderly women (mean age of 72 years). Four patients presented with breast masses, one patient presented with nipple discharge, and one patient presented with both a breast mass and nipple discharge. All six surgical specimens showed endocrine ductal carcinoma in situ (E-DCIS), with four specimens showing invasive endocrine carcinoma, two of which were labeled as mucinous carcinoma. All invasive components showed the same histomorphologic and immunohistochemical profiles as the in situ components. Cytology demonstrated common features of the cellular smears with clusters and single, monomorphic plasmacytoid tumor cells that possessed moderate amounts of eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm and eccentric nuclei with fine chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli. In four cases, additional fragments of fine and elaborate papillary fronds also were present. CONCLUSIONS The cytologic smear diagnosis of endocrine carcinoma is assisted by the presence of plasmacytoid tumor cells and arborizing papillary fronds. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2000;90:286–91. © 2000 American Cancer Society.
ADVANCED DTM GENERATION FROM LIDAR DATA (2001)

The introduction of laser scanning has triggered off a revolution in topographic terrain capturing, especially in the generation of digital terrain models (DTM). In this article refined methods for the restitution of airborne LIDAR data are presented which have been developed at the Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (Institut für Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung, I.P.F.) at Vienna University of Technology. First, a technique for the calibration of laser scanner data is introduced. The (height) discrepancies between overlapping strips, as well as control points with known co-ordinates are utilised for a simultaneous adjustment and transformation of all strips into a state wide co-ordinate system. The next step of LIDAR data processing are the filtering (elimination of vegetation and building points, generally off-terrain points) and the interpolation of the (bald earth) surface. The method, developed at the I.P.F., distinguishes itself in the integration of filtering and terrain interpolation in one process (advantage: even in steep terrain ground points are classified correctly) as well as in the application of data pyramids (advantage: even in very dense forest areas and on large buildings, off-terrain points are eliminated). In order to generate a terrain model with high geo-morphological quality, methods are required for deriving structural line information (e.g. break lines) from laser scanner data. The first method which will be presented, proceeds by a simulation of rain fall over the preliminary DTM (water flow analysis). This yields an identification of the pits with their pit base and the outflow (overflow) point.
In vitro effects of protease inhibitors on murine natural killer cell activity. (1983)

To test whether proteolytic events are involved in natural killer (NK) cell mediated lysis of tumour cells, twenty-three different protease inhibitors were added to in vitro assays of natural killer cell reactivity. Of all of the materials tested, only tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK), tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone (TPCK) and benzamidine unequivocally inhibited killing at concentrations approaching those needed to affect appropriate purified proteases. All of the effective inhibitors, and none of the others tested, inhibited binding of effector to target cells. The action of TLCK was focused on both effector and target cells, in that cytolysis was completely inhibited by a 1 hr pretreatment of effectors with 10(-4) M TLCK, and 60% inhibited by a 1 hr treatment of targets only.
Targeted drug delivery system for oral cancer therapy using sonoporation (2009)

Ultrasound-mediated destruction of microbubbles has been proposed as an innovative non-invasive drug delivery system for cancer therapy. We developed a specific drug delivery system for squamous cell carcinoma that uses sonoporation with the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody. Administration of a low dose of bleomycin (BLM) by sonoporation with the anti-EGFR antibody produced a marked growth inhibition of Ca9-22 cells in vitro. In addition, scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed apparent surface deformation of Ca9-22 cells treated with sonoporation in the presence of the antibody. Interestingly, the population of apoptotic cells was remarkably increased when a low dose of BLM was delivered using sonoporation with the Fab fragment of the anti-EGFR antibody. These findings indicate that sonoporation with the Fab fragment makes it possible to administer drugs into cells more efficiently and specifically, suggesting a novel application for chemotherapy and gene therapy treatments for oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Effects of In-Season (5 Weeks) Creatine and Pyruvate Supplementation on Anaerobic Performance and Body Composition in American Football Players (1999)

The purpose of this investigation was to study the efficacy of two dietary supplements on measures of body mass, body composition, and performance in 42 American football players. Group CM (n = 9) received creatine monohydrate, Group P (n = 11) received calcium pyruvate, Group COM (n = 11) received a combination of calcium pyruvate (60%) and creatine (40%), and Group PL received a placebo. Tests were performed before (T1) and after (T2) the 50 week supplementation period, during which the subjects continued their normal training schedules. Compared to P and PL, CM and COM showed significantly greater increases for body mass, lean body mass, 1 repetition maximum (RM) bench press, combined 1 RM squat and bench press, and static vertical jump (SVJ) power output. Peak rate of force development for SVJ was significantly greater for CM compared to P and PL. Creatine and the combination supplement enhanced training adaptations associated with body mass/composition, maximum strength, and SVJ; however, pyruvate supplementation alone was ineffective.
An integrated per-channel PCM encoder based on interpolation (1979)

Describes a novel technique called interpolation which has been used to integrate a per channel PCM encoder in a standard digital circuit technology. This encoder converts voiceband analog signals to both an oversampled 1-bit code and uniform PCM with /spl mu/-law companding noise. The circuit comprises approximately 550 integrated injection logic gates together with a resistive digital-to-analog converter, a voltage reference, and a simple differential amplifier. The encoder is part of a full PCM codec chip set suitable for a broad range of voiceband telecommunication applications.
MOLECULAR TRANSPORT IN MEMBRANES (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMOLECULAR TRANSPORT IN MEMBRANESRobert N. RicklesCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1966, 58, 6, 18–35Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50678a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50678a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views150Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Use Of Strong Surface Alignment In Nematic Liquid Crystals For High Speed Light Modulation (1986)

Nematic liquid crystal devices are slow compared to solid state liquid state devices based on electronic transitions. This stems from the origin of such effects in the mechanical interaction of long range order. The following paper describes an approach to optimizing the response of such devices by limiting the lineal dimension over which these effects occur.
Small-scale fading for an indoor wireless channel with modulated backscatter (2002)

Modulated backscatter is an RF transmission technique useful for short-range, low-data-rate applications constrained to have extremely low power requirements, such as electronic shelf tags, RF tags, and some sensor applications. The small-scale fading observed on the backscattered signal has deeper fades than a signal from a traditional one-way link of the same range in the same environment because the fading on the backscattered signal is a product of the fading on the off-board generated carrier times the fading on the reflected signal. We present the first published reports of measured cumulative distribution functions for the small-scale fading at 2.4 GHz over this type of link.
Comparative study of some microbial arabinan-degrading enzymes (1989)

A variety of thermophilic organisms and Bacillus species were screened in shake flask culture for arabanase and p-nitrophenyl-e-L-arabinosidase activities. Highest arabanase activity was produced by strains of Thielavia terrestris and Sporotrichum cellulophilum. Thermoascus aurantiacus and several Bacillus species were most active producers of arabinosidase. Arabinosidases from Bacillus strains had pH optima in the range 5.9-6.7. pH optima of fungal arabinosidases ranged from _< 2.9 to 6.7. Bacillus arabanases had neutral pH optima, whereas fungal arabanases had pH optima in the range 3.7-5.1. In general, arabihosidases were found to be relatively thermostable, retaining > 70% activity for 3 h at 60~ The T. aurantiacus enzyme retained 98% activity at 70~ after 3 h. Bacillus arabanases were relatively unstable. All fungal arabanases except the T. aurantiacus enzyme were fully denatured at 70~ after 3 h.
Specifications of ideal prototype filters for designing linear phase FIR filters (2002)

To design a linear phase FIR filter using a window technique, the infinite impulse response of an ideal filter to approximate a desired specifications must be truncated to a finite length. The parameters associated with this technique are the length of the impulse response and the type of the truncation window. We discuss another parameter, the specification of the frequency response of the ideal prototype filter. We show that a given specification may be met with a shorter length of the truncated impulse response, if the ideal filter is properly specified.
Learning Bayesian Networks with the<b>bnlearn</b><i>R</i>Package (2010)

<b>bnlearn</b> is an <b>R</b> package (R Development Core Team 2010) which includes several algorithms for learning the structure of Bayesian networks with either discrete or continuous variables. Both constraint-based and score-based algorithms are implemented, and can use the functionality provided by the <b>snow</b> package (Tierney et al. 2008) to improve their performance via parallel computing. Several network scores and conditional independence algorithms are available for both the learning algorithms and independent use. Advanced plotting options are provided by the <b>Rgraphviz</b> package (Gentry et al. 2010).
ChemInform Abstract: CONTRIBUTION TO THE CHEMISTRY OF PYRROLE PIGMENTS, XIX‐ THE ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION OF PYRROMETHENONES AND PYRROMETHENES (BILE PIGMENT PARTIAL STRUCTURES) (1978)

Abstract Bei der elektrochemischen Oxidation von Arylmethylen‐pyrrolinonen, Pyrromethenonen und Pyrromethenen (I)‐(VII) als repräsentativen Gallenpigmcnt‐Partialstruktur‐Modellen (rotierende Pt‐Elektrode, Acetonitril als Lösungsmittel) werden zwei verschiedene Reaktionstypen gefunden: 1. Bei den Verbindungen der Arylmethylen‐pyrrolinon‐ Reihe und den Pyrromethenen (umsubstituiert am C‐5 des Pyrrolringes) handelt es sich um eine reversible l‐Elektronen‐Oxidation.
Skin biopsy: a new tool for diagnosing peripheral neuropathy (2007)

The prevalence of peripheral neuropathy is about 2% in the general population, but it rises to 12% and 17% in people with one or two recognised risk factors.1 Diabetes is one such risk factor and the most common cause of this disorder—about half of patients who have had diabetes for 25 years have peripheral neuropathy. The early symptoms of diabetic neuropathy and other peripheral neuropathies are due to degeneration of small somatic nerve fibres, which may remain the only nerves involved.2 However, “small fibre neuropathy” may not be detected by traditional physical, neurophysiological, and neuropathological tests. In the past decade, skin biopsy has become a popular method for investigating small nerve fibres.3 It allows general practitioners and non-specialists—such as diabetologists and specialists in orthopaedics—to diagnose neuropathy (thereby avoiding delayed or incorrect diagnosis), to investigate its aetiology, and to focus treatment, in particular for neuropathic pain.

We searched the Medline database using combinations of the terms “skin biopsy”, “cutaneous nerve fibres”, “intraepidermal nerve fibres”, “neuropathy”, “painful neuropathy”, and “pain”. We also included evidence provided by the recent guidelines of the European Federation of the Neurological Societies.3

Small fibre neuropathy can be associated with common metabolic disorders (such as diabetes and hyperlipidaemia), immune mediated conditions (such as Sjogren's syndrome, sarcoidosis, and coeliac disease), drug toxicity (such as that caused by antineoplastic drugs and antiretroviral drugs), and viral infections (such as HIV). It can be a feature of hereditary diseases (such as familial amyloidosis and Fabry's disease), or it may be idiopathic.

In the absence of known systemic disease, the diagnosis of small fibre neuropathy may not be easy. Pain or burning (or both) in the feet are prominent symptoms, and may be worse at night. Some patients report that contact with warm or cold water elicits discomfort or …
Containment removal from solid waste by supercritical carbon dioxide (1994)

Large quantities of solid wastes such as rags, kimwipes, swabs, coveralls, gloves, etc., contaminated with oils, greases and hazardous solvents are generated by industry and the government. If the hazardous components (offs, greases and solvents) could be segregated from the much larger bulk of non-hazardous material, then these solid materials could potentially be handled as sanitary waste, at a significant cost savings. AlliedSignal KCP, a typical DOE manufacturing site, spent several hundred thousand dollars in CY92 for disposal of contaminated solid wastes. Similarly, Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego, also spent several hundred thousand dollars in CY91 for disposal of rags. Under the Department of Energy (DOE)/United States Air Force (USAF) Memorandum of Understanding, the objective of this joint AlliedSignal KCP/Sandia National Laboratories project is to demonstrate the feasibility of using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO{sub 2}) to segregate hazardous oils, greases, and organic solvents from non-hazardous solid waste such as rags, wipes, swabs, coveralls, gloves, etc. Supercritical carbon dioxide possesses many of the characteristics desired in an ``environmentally acceptable`` solvent system. It is nontoxic, inexpensive, and recyclable. Carbon dioxide possesses a moderate critical temperature (31{degrees}C) and pressure (1071 psi). At 37{degrees}C and pressures greater than 2000 psi, the density is greater than 0.8 g/cc. Contaminants dissolved in the supercritical CO{sub 2} solvent are separated out by expansion of the fluid to a subcritical pressure where CO{sub 2} is a gas and the dissolved materials precipitate out (usually as a liquid or solid). The gaseous CO{sub 2} can then be recompressed and recycled.
Synthesis of model block-double-graft copolymers and terpolymers of styrene (S), butadiene (Bd), and isoprene (I): Poly[S-b-(1,2Bd-g-X2)] (X: S, Bd, I, S-b-I) (2000)

The synthesis of model block–double-graft copolymers and terpolymers was achieved, as proven by combined characterization results, by the controlled hydrosilylation of the polybutadiene of a block copolymer of styrene and butadiene followed by the reaction of the resulting chlorosilane groups with living chains.
Chronické onemocnění diabetes mellitus - patofyziologie (2009)

Chronicke onemocněni diabetes mellitus - patofyziologie -
přehled faktorů uplatňujicich se v etiopatogenezi onemocněni
A CoO<sub>x</sub>-modified SnNb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>photoelectrode for highly efficient oxygen evolution from water (2016)

SnNb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> has arisen as a candidate for photoanodes for solar water splitting. CoO<sub>x</sub> cocatalyst-loaded SnNb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> showed a stable, high anodic photocurrent with an incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of 18% at 0.6 V<sub>RHE</sub> and a half-cell solar-to-hydrogen (HC-STH) efficiency of 0.39% at 0.6 V<sub>RHE</sub>.
A Self-Provisioning Mechanism in OpenStack for IoT Devices (2016)

The aim of this paper is to introduce a plug-and-play mechanism for an Internet of Things (IoT) device to instantiate a Software as a Service (SaaS) application in a private cloud, built up with OpenStack. The SaaS application is the digital avatar of a physical object connected to Internet. As a proof of concept, a Vending Machine is retrofitted and connected to Internet with and Arduino Open Hardware device. Once the self-configuration mechanism is completed, it is possible to order a product from a mobile communication device.
Strategies for organ level tissue engineering (2010)

The field of tissue engineering has made considerable strides since it was first described in the late 1980s. The advent and subsequent boom in stem cell biology, emergence of novel technologies for biomaterial development and further understanding of developmental biology have contributed to this accelerated progress. However, continued efforts to translate tissue-engineering strategies into clinical therapies have been hampered by the problems associated with scaling up laboratory methods to produce large, complex tissues. The significant challenges faced by tissue engineers include the production of an intact vasculature within a tissue-engineered construct and recapitulation of the size and complexity of a whole organ. Here we review the basic components necessary for bioengineering organs-biomaterials, cells and bioactive molecules-and discuss various approaches for augmenting these principles to achieve organ level tissue engineering. Ultimately, the successful translation of tissue-engineered constructs into everyday clinical practice will depend upon the ability of the tissue engineer to "scale up" every aspect of the research and development process.
Modification of a Ziegler‐Natta catalyst with a metallocene catalyst and its olefin polymerization behavior (1999)

Abstract A Ziegler‐Natta catalyst was modified with a metallocene catalyst and its polymerization behavior was examined. In the modification of the TiCl 4 catalyst supported on MgCl 2 (MgCl 2 ‐Ti) with a rac ‐ethylenebis(indenyl)zirconium dichloride ( rac ‐Et(Ind) 2 ZrCl 2 , EIZ) catalyst, the obtained catalyst showed relatively low activity but produced high isotactic polypropylene. These results suggest that the EIZ catalyst might block a non‐isospecific site and modify a Ti‐active site to form highly isospecific sites. To combine two catalysts in olefin polymerization by catalyst transitioning methods, the sequential addition of catalysts and a co‐catalyst was tried. It was found that an alkylaluminum like triethylaluminum (TEA) can act as a deactivation agent for a metallocene catalyst. In ethylene polymerization, catalyst transitioning was accomplished with the sequential addition of bis(cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride (Cp 2 ZrCl 2 )/methylaluminoxane (MAO), TEA, and a titanium tetrachloride/vanadium oxytrichloride (TiCl 4 /VOCl 3 , Ti‐V) catalyst. Using this method, it was possible to control the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of polyethylene in a bimodal pattern. In the presence of hydrogen, polyethylene with a very broad MWD was obtained due to a different hydrogen effect on the Cp 2 ZrCl 2 and Ti‐V catalyst. The obtained polyethylene with a broader MWD exhibited more apparent shear thinning.