gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of $\textrm{ZrB}_2$ by SHS Process and Reaction-bonded $\textrm{ZrB}_2$-ZrC Composite (1999)

was prepared from a mixture of , and Mg by SHS method. The combustion products were successfully obtained from a mixture of ::Mg=1:2.0:8.5(molar ratio). MgO, by-product, was removed to 92.7% by leaching with 1M HCl solution at 9, for 10 hours. After leaching, the mean particle size of the resultant powders was 23.6. -ZrC composite was suitably obtained from a mixture of C/Zr=1.2 molar ratio by arc-melting method. The density of arc-melted specimen increased by adding excess zirconium content(x). The bulk density was 6.17g/㎤ for x=0, and 6.37g/㎤ x=4. Vickers hardness of arc-melted specimen was / for x=0, and fracture toughness increased to 4.2MPa.m\ulcornerforx=4 compared to 3.4MPa.m\ulcornerfor x=0.
N‐Acetylcysteine does not Protect HepG2 Cells against Acetaminophen‐Induced Apoptosis (2004)

Acetaminophen in large doses is well-known as hepatotoxic, and early therapy with N-acetylcysteine is frequently life-saving. However, in later stages of acetaminophen poisoning, treatment with N-acetylcysteine is not always effective. Although some of the pathways of acetaminophen toxicity and the effect of N-acetylcysteine have been elucidated, in depth information on this process is still lacking. Hepatoma-derived HepG2 cultured cells were exposed to acetaminophen (5 and 10 mM), with or without N-acetylcysteine (5 mM), for 24 and 48 hr. For the assessment of oxidative damage, apoptosis and necrosis, we followed redox status, glutathione content, nuclear fragmentation, phosphatidylserine externalization and ultrastructural changes. Variations in Ca2+ level and number of mitochondrial dense granules were also studied. Acetaminophen treatment of HepG2 cells caused oxidative damage and apoptosis. Significant decrease of cellular redox potential and glutathione content were time- and concentration-dependent. The protective effect of N-acetylcysteine was expressed by an increase of intracellular glutathione and of the level of metabolic reduction of the redox indicator Alamar Blue. The apoptogenic effect of acetaminophen was assessed by flow cytometry of annexin V binding, nuclear hypodiploidity, intracellular Ca2+, as well as by ultrastructural examination. Beyond 24 hr of acetaminophen exposure, necrosis was also noticed. We conclude that acetaminophen-induced oxidative damage in HepG2 cultured cells can be prevented by exposure to N-acetylcysteine. However, apoptosis, either early or late, here demonstrated, is not avoided by exposure to N-acetylcysteine. N-Acetylcysteine did not prevent acetaminophen-induced plasma membrane asymmetry, nuclear damage, alterations of Ca2+ homeostasis and ultrastructural changes.
[Effect of electroacupuncture on the level of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in patients with osteoarthritis]. (2009)

The short term therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture on patients with osteoarthritis is better, it may result from that the electroacupuncture inhibit the activity of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha.
[Studies on the chemical constituents of Adina pilulifera]. (2007)

The chemical constituents of Adina pilulifera, which were traditionlly used in the area of Yao minority in Southern China, were isolated and characterized. Two compounds were obtained from the ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of Adina pilulifera, and one compound was obtained from the n-butanol fraction of ethanol extract of Adina pilulifera. Their structure were characterized by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with published data to be sarracenin (1), 2-methyl-5, 7-dihydroxychromone (2) and morroniside (3). Except compound 2, other two compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time, and they were also obtained from the Adina genus for the first time.
Use of Apophyllite in Polarization Interferometers—Achromatic Half-Wave Plate (1965)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Maurice Françon, Shamlal Mallick, and Jacques Vulmière, "Use of Apophyllite in Polarization Interferometers—Achromatic Half-Wave Plate," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55, 1553-1553 (1965) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Antioxidants Attenuate Acute Toxicity of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Induced by Brain Injury in Rat (1999)

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha alpha (TNF-alpha) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in the brain after traumatic injury and have deleterious effects. In a rat model of closed head injury (CHI), the synthetic antioxidant from the nitroxide family, Tempol, improved recovery and protected the blood-brain barrier. Similar protection was found after CHI in heat-acclimated rats, in which the endogenous antioxidants have been shown to be elevated after CHI. The present study examined the relationship between TNF-alpha and ROS after CHI, namely, whether after CHI, antioxidants that afforded cerebroprotection also attenuated brain levels of TNF-alpha. Three groups of rats were subjected to CHI: (1) control, nontreated, (2) Tempol-treated, and (3) heat-acclimated (30 days at 34 degrees C). Four hours after injury (time for peak production of TNF-alpha), the activity of TNF-alpha was measured. Although clinical recovery was facilitated in rats of the two treated groups, TNF-alpha activity was as high as in the traumatized, untreated rats. Moreover, direct injection of TNF-alpha into mouse brain induced disruption of the blood-brain barrier, indicating its acute harmful effect. This toxic effect was attenuated by before and after treatment with Tempol. Our results support the hypothesis that in vivo antioxidants neutralize TNF-alpha toxicity, probably by interfering with activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B.
Expanding communication mechanisms (2006)

Students are walking around with cell phones, making calls and text-messaging. For many, this has now become their main communication mechanism with friends and family. College faculty and staff still count on e-mail as the main communication tool, amongst themselves and with students. Student demand for e-mail accounts from new students before they even arrive on campus has increased exponentially in the past couple of years. Web pages are used to provide information to the outside community and internally, across campus. Web pages have often become the main mechanism for providing step-by-step documentation. Meanwhile, wikis, blogs and MySpace® have entered the online communication world. Students look at our web pages, but how often? They all have college-provided e-mail accounts, but do they use them? What is the best mechanism these days to get the word out, and what will be the mechanism in the future? This paper will explore the mechanisms and approaches that students, and others on campus, are using to communicate now, and will present thoughts on where we're going in the future and the impact that will have on user services.
A Survey of Extract–Transform–Load Technology (2009)

The software processes that facilitate the original loading and the periodic refreshment of the data warehouse contents are commonly known as Extraction-Transformation-Loading (ETL) processes. The intention of this survey is to present the research work in the field of ETL technology in a structured way. To this end, we organize the coverage of the field as follows: (a) first, we cover the conceptual and logical modeling of ETL processes, along with some design methods, (b) we visit each stage of the E-T-L triplet, and examine problems that fall within each of these stages, (c) we discuss problems that pertain to the entirety of an ETL process, and, (d) we review some research prototypes of academic origin.
Correction: Conversion of Retinyl Methyl Ether into Retinol in the Rat in Vitro (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleCorrection: Conversion of Retinyl Methyl Ether into Retinol in the Rat in VitroS Narindrasorasak and M LakshmananCite this: Biochemistry 1972, 11, 10, 1990Publication Date (Print):May 9, 1972Publication History Published online10 July 2002Published inissue 9 May 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00760a601https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00760a601research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views13Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The absorption of amino acids from the rumen of the sheep. I. The loss of amino acids from solutions placed in the washed rumen <i>in vivo</i> (1971)

L-histidine, glycine, and L-amino acid mixtures were placed in the washed rumen of sheep in concentrations similar to those found under normal feeding conditions. The amounts of individual amino acids lost from the rumen over a 4 hr period ranged from virtually zero to 50% of the initial concentration of amino acids placed in the rumen. It was calculated that this could account for 6% of the total nitrogen absorption from the rumen. The amount of L-amino acids lost from the rumen depended on their initial concentration and on the concentration of other amino acids present. The branched chain amino acids showed the most rapid absorption.
Thermally activated magnetization reversal in submicron magnetic tunnel junctions for magnetoresistive random access memory (2002)

We have measured thermally activated magnetization reversal of the free layers in submicron magnetic tunnel junctions to be used for magnetoresistive random access memory. We applied magnetic field pulses to the bits with a pulse duration tp ranging from nanoseconds to 0.1 ms. We have measured the switching probability as a function of tp with a fixed field amplitude H, and as a function of H for fixed tp. For both cases, we find good agreement with the switching probability predicted by the Arrhenius–Néel theory for thermal activation over a single energy barrier.
Recent Progress in The Metallurgy of Malleable Zirconium (1947)

Improved methods in the various operations for the production of ductile zirconium from zircon sands are described. They are essentially an improved method of producing the zirconium carbide from zircon sand by use of an arc furnace and the melting of zirconium metal in graphite crucibles. The slight carbon contamination apparently does not appreciably impair the working properties of the metal. Other improvements are refinements of the process as described in an earlier publication.
Synthetic conduits and growth factors for improved peripheral nerve regeneration (2000)

Following trauma and loss of peripheral nerve tissue, an autologous nerve graft is the current gold standard for surgical repair. The alternative use of synthetic conduits has not yet offered suitable materials for wide clinical application. Two novel materials, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polydioxanone (PDS), are bioresorbable and potentially useful as nerve conduits. The aim of this study was to examine peripheral nerve regeneration in vivo following grafting of PHB or PDS conduits, either alone or in combination with glial growth factor (GGF). Schwann cells are essential for nerve regeneration. GGF delivery to the injured nerve may increase their number within the graft and, indirectly enhance nerve regeneration. Nerve regeneration at the repair site was assessed by quantitative immunohistochemistry up to 1 year post-operatively. Centrally, primary sensory neuron survival and peripherally, target organ reinnervation were also studied morphologically following injury and repair. The use of PHB wrap-around for primary nerve repair was compared with direct epineural suture in the cat superficial radial nerve model. The two methods showed comparable values of axonal counts, diameter, myelin thickness and g-ratio. The results demonstrated that PHB wrap-around is a suitable alternative to epineural suture in primary repair. PHB tubes tested for nerve gap repair in the rat sciatic nerve model exhibited axonal regeneration comparable to that in nerve autografts. GGF administration in PHB tubes produced progressive increase of axonal growth with time, secondary to GGF-induced Schwann cell proliferation. PDS tubes also supported axonal regeneration, although these presented problems of material fragmentation and intense inflammatory reaction. Microgeometry of the internal surface of PDS tubes did not significantly improve nerve regeneration, peripheral target organ reinnervation or sensory neuron survival. The results of this study demonstrated PHB and PDS conduits sustain successful peripheral nerve regeneration, which can be further improved by targeted administration of growth factor.
Model Ziegler-Natta .alpha.-Olefin Polymerization Catalysts Derived from[{(.eta.5-C5Me4)SiMe2(.eta.1-NCMe3)}(PMe3)Sc(.mu.2-H)]2 and[{(.eta.5-C5Me4)SiMe2(.eta.1-NCMe3)}Sc(.mu.2-CH2CH2CH3)]2. Synthesis, Structures, and Kinetic and Equilibrium Investigations of the Catalytically Active Species in Solution (1994)

The scandium hydride complex [(Cp*SiNR)(PMe_3)Sc(µ-H)]_2 (1), ((Cp*SiNR) = ((η^5-C_5Me_4)SiMe_2(η^1-NCMe_3)}) is prepared by hydrogenation of (Cp*SiNR)ScCH(SiMe_3)_2 in the presence of trimethylphosphine. The hydride complex is a catalyst precursor for the polymerization of α-olefins, yielding atactic products of low molecular weight (M, = 3000-7000). GC/MS analysis of volatile, oligomeric products revealed that all scandium centers are active during the polymerization. Selectivity for head-to-tail insertion is high (>99%) and for the tetramer, pentamer, and hexamer formed during propene polymerization, the maximum theoretical numbers of head-to-tail stereoisomers are observed by capillary GC. The stoichiometric reaction between 1 and 2 equiv of ethylene produces the unusual ethylene-bridged dimer [(Cp*SiNR)(PMe_3)Sc]_2(µ,η^2,η^2-C_2H_4) (2) and an equivalent of ethane, whereas the same reaction with propene affords the phosphine-free, alkyl-bridged scandium dimer [(Cp*S~NR)Sc]_2(µ-CH_2CH_2CH_3)_2 (3). The absence of coordinating phosphine allows the latter complex to function as a more active olefin polymerization catalyst precursor. 1 reacts with styrene to form a unique double-insertion product arising from sequential 1,2- and 2,1-styrene insertion. The structure of the catalytic intermediate in solution was determined by low-temperature ^(13)C-NMR studies of the model complexes (Cp*SiNR)(P(^(13)CH_3)_3]ScCH_2CH(CH_3)CHCH_2CH_2CH_3 and (Cp*SiNR)(PMe_3)Sc^(13)CH_2CHCH(^(13)CH_3)_2. One phosphine-bound species is observed in equilibrium with only one phosphine-free species. The symmetry properties of the latter indicate that it is a monomeric, hence 12-electron, scandium alkyl complex. Semiquantitative treatment of equilibrium concentration data supports this conclusion.
Recent Trend on Application of Piezoactve Polymers to Acoustics (2003)

Noble sound shielding system is developed by the combination of a curved piezoelectric polymer film and a negative capacitance circuit. Incident sound produces the in-plane strain and polarization in the piezoelectric film. The charge induced on the electrode by polarization is amplified and fed-back to the electrode. The resulting electric field produces the inverse piezoelectric strain. The strain of the film is thus the sum of the sound-induced strain and the field-induced strain and can be arbitrarily increased or decreased by changing the feed back voltage. Subsequently the reflection and transmission of sound can be controlled. The complete isolation of sound is attained at a single frequency. The agreement of the value of the capacitance and its frequency dependence between the film and the capacitor in the circuit is required to achieve the sound shielding over a broad frequency range. Combining two PVDF films, about 50 dB transmission loss is observed from 200 Hz to 1000 Hz. The efficiency of shielding is more effective at the lower frequencies in contrast to the ordinary sound absorbing materials.
Laser fabrication of silicon carbide detector for gas sensing and focal plane array imaging (2009)

A Mid-Wave Infra-Red (MWIR) detector is developed by doping an n-type 4H-SiC with an appropriate dopant to create a dopant energy level that matches with a quantum of energy for the wavelength of interest. The detector absorbs the photons and the absorbed photon energy modifies the electron density in the semiconductor by the photoexcitation, leading to changes in the refraction index. Ga is known to have an energy level of 0.30 eV in n-type 4H-SiC substrates, which corresponds to the wavelength 4.21 μm. A detector was fabricated for the MWIR wavelength of 4.21 μm by doping n-type 4H-SiC with Ga. The dopant energy level was confirmed by optical absorption measurements in the wavelength range of 4 to 5 μm. The optical response of the detector to the wavelength 4.21 μm was determined by measuring the reflectivity of the detector using a He-Ne laser of wavelength 632.8 nm as the probe beam. The reflectivity data were used to calculate the variation in the refraction index of the detector at the MWIR wavelength of interest and the selectivity of the detector was established by testing the sensor response to that of an as-received sample. The comparison yielded a distinct change in the refraction index curve for the detector, indicating that the detector is suitable for applications at the wavelength 4.21 μm.
Comparison by studies in squirrel monkeys, chimpanzees, and adult humans of avian-human influenza A virus reassortants derived from different avian influenza virus donors (1986)

We evaluated the abilities of three different avian influenza A viruses to attenuate the wild-type human influenza A/Korea/1/82 (H3N2) virus in squirrel monkeys, chimpanzees, and adult seronegative human volunteers. Two of these, avian influenza A/Mallard/NY/78 and A/Mallard/Alberta/76 viruses, appeared to be satisfactory donors of attenuating genes for the production of live influenza A reassortant virus vaccines for human use because the reassortants exhibited an acceptable balance between attenuation and immunogenicity.
Untersuchung über die Wirkung enzymatischer Vorwaschmittel (1968)

Abstract Abschnitte des Krefelder Baumwoll‐Standardgewebes wurden mit Blut, Kondensmilch‐Kakao bzw. Eigelb gleichmäßig getränkt. Nach unterschiedlichen Lagerungszeiten bzw. Denaturierungsbehandlungen wurden die Fleckgewebe in Lösungen enzymhaltiger bzw. enzymfreier Waschmittel eingeweicht bzw. maschinell vorgewaschen. Anschließend erfolgte jeweils eine Kochwäsche und eine Peroxidbleiche. Der Einfluß enzymhaltiger bzw. enzymfreier Waschmittel auf die Minderung der Flecksubstanzen wurde durch Weißgradmessungen bzw. Eiweiß‐Bestimmungen überprüft. Die Ergebnisse der Weißwerte lassen bedingte, die Eiweiß‐Bestimmungen aufschlußreiche Rückschlüsse auf die Waschmittelwirkung zu.
Reactions of isocyanates with 1-cyanothioformanilide (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of isocyanates with 1-cyanothioformanilideEleftherios Paul PapadopoulosCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 22, 3858–3861Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01336a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01336a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views188Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor mRNA is upregulated in the peri-infarct region of the remnant kidney model (1998)

Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is a potent fibroblast and epithelial cell mitogen that may be important in wound healing. The aim of this study was to determine its distribution and possible function in segmental renal infarction. At day 1 postinfarction, in situ hybridization showed that HB-EGF mRNA was markedly increased by tubular epithelial cells bordering the infarcted zone. At day 3, typical myofibroblasts expressing alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) were present in large numbers at the peri-ischemic border and, over succeeding days, were also seen within the infarcted area. Some of these cells expressed HB-EGF mRNA by in situ hybridization suggesting possible autocrine stimulation. Endothelial cells appeared to be more resistant to ischemia than tubules because some capillaries at the periphery of the infarct, surrounded by infarcted tubules, also expressed HB-EGF mRNA. The staining intensity of HB-EGF mRNA in individual tubules and endothelial cells was maximal at day 5 after infarction, although Northern blots of tissue from the peri-infarct area only showed significantly increased expression of HB-EGF mRNA at days 1 and 3, perhaps reflecting a smaller area of greater intensity of expression at day 5. Because tubular cells expressing high levels of HB-EGF mRNA were directly apposed to myofibroblasts, an attempt was made to determine whether HB-EGF contributed to upregulation of alpha-SMA by human fibroblasts. Although stimulation of the fibroblast cell line MRC-5 with transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) increased alpha-SMA, HB-EGF reduced expression. HB-EGF also strongly inhibited the increased expression of alpha-SMA due to TGF-beta1. Because HB-EGF is a potent fibroblast mitogen and TGF-beta is usually antiproliferative, this study suggests that HB-EGF may contribute to a local balance between fibroblast proliferation and differentiation into myofibroblasts during scarring.