gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent developments in TiNi-based shape memory alloys (1998)

Recently, a variety of manufacturing methods have enabled us to produce fine or thin shapes or unique structure of TiNi-based shape memory alloys: e.g., (a) rolled thin plates with a thickness less than 100 μm, (b) drawn fine wires with a diameter less than 50 μm, (c) drawn microtubes with an outer diameter less than 350 μm, (d) sputter-deposited thin films with a thickness less than 1 μm, (e) rapidly solidified ribbons of several tens μm thickness and (f) sintered porous structured materials. The characteristics and applications of these TiNi-based alloys are reviewed.
Hadoop Based Scalable Cluster Deduplication for Big Data (2016)

The exponential growth of data has brought a tremendous challenge on the storage system in data center. Data deduplication technology which detects and eliminates redundant data in the dataset can greatly reduce the quantity of data and optimize the utilization of storage space. This paper presented a scalable and reliable cluster deduplication system Halodedu over the Hadoop-based cloud computing platform. Halodedu used MapReduce and HDFS to realize parallel deduplication processing and manage data storage, respectively. Intra-node local database was used to build up a fast and distributed chunk fingerprint index management. In order to maintain the availability and reliability of metadata, HBase was utilized to store the metadata of backup files. We further used virtual machine images as input dataset to evaluate Halodedu. The comparative experiments demonstrated that Halodedu has improvements on deduplication speed and system scalability.
Activation of yeast Snf1 and mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase by upstream kinases (2003)

The Snf1/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) family plays fundamental roles in cellular responses to metabolic stress in eukaryotes. In humans, AMPK regulates lipid and glucose metabolism and has been implicated in such metabolic disorders as diabetes and obesity and in cardiac abnormalities. Snf1 and AMPK are the downstream components of kinase cascades, but the upstream kinase(s) have remained elusive. We have here identified three yeast kinases, Pak1p, Tos3p, and Elm1p, that activate Snf1 kinase in vivo. Triple deletion of the cognate genes causes a Snf- mutant phenotype and abolishes Snf1 catalytic activity. All three kinases phosphorylate recombinant Snf1p on the activation-loop threonine. Moreover, Tos3p phosphorylates mammalian AMPK on the equivalent residue and activates the enzyme, suggesting functional conservation of the upstream kinases between yeast and mammals. We further show that the closely related mammalian LKB1 kinase, which is associated with Peutz-Jeghers cancer-susceptibility syndrome, phosphorylates and activates AMPK in vitro. Thus, the identification of the yeast upstream kinases should facilitate identification of the corresponding, physiologically important mammalian upstream kinases.
Laser Scattering Tomography on Magnetic CZ-Si for Semiconductor Process Optimization (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Guessing morphological classes of unknown German nouns (2004)

A system for recognition and morphological classification of unknown German words is described. Given raw texts it outputs a list of the unknown nouns together with hypotheses about their possible stems and morphological class(es). The system exploits both global and local information as well as morphological properties and external linguistic knowledge sources. It learns and applies ending-guessing rules similar to the ones originally proposed for POS guessing. The paper presents the system design and implementation and discusses its performance by extensive evaluation. Similar ideas for ending-guessing rules have been applied to Bulgarian as well but the performance is worse due to the difficulties of noun recognition as well as to the highly inflexional morphology with numerous ambiguous endings.
New and emerging AAC technology supports for children with complex communication needs and their communication partners: State of the science and future research directions (2019)

This paper discusses recent research and development with a specific focus on selected new and emerging research-based augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) technologies that are developmentally appropriate and responsive to the individual interests, needs, and skills of children with developmental disabilities, their families, peers, and other communication partners. Specifically, this paper reviews the state of the science and future directions related to recent research and development of AAC technologies as supports to (a) enhance language learning, (b) facilitate social interaction, (c) improve literacy skills, (d) increase participation in society, and (e) teach interaction strategies to communication partners.
Macrophage fusion, giant cell formation, and the foreign body response require matrix metalloproteinase 9 (2009)

Macrophages undergo fusion to form multinucleated giant cells in several pathologic conditions, including the foreign body response (FBR). We detected high levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 during macrophage fusion in vitro and in foreign body giant cells (FBGCs) in vivo. Wild-type (WT) bone marrow-derived macrophages were induced to fuse with IL-4 in the presence of MMP-9 function-blocking antibodies and displayed reduced fusion. A similar defect, characterized by delayed shape change and abnormal morphology, was observed in MMP-9 null macrophages. Analysis of the FBR in MMP-9 null mice was then pursued to evaluate the significance of these findings. Specifically, mixed cellulose ester disks and polyvinyl alcohol sponges were implanted s.c. in MMP-9 null and WT mice and excised 2-4 weeks later. Histochemical and immunohistochemical analyses indicated equal macrophage recruitment between MMP-9 null and WT mice, but FBGC formation was compromised in the former. In addition, MMP-9 null mice displayed abnormalities in extracellular matrix assembly and angiogenesis. Consistent with a requirement for MMP-9 in fusion, we also observed reduced MMP-9 levels in MCP-1 null macrophages, previously shown to be defective in FBGC formation. Collectively, our studies show abnormalities in MMP-9 null mice during the FBR and suggest a role for MMP-9 in macrophage fusion.
Subtle cytotoxicity and genotoxicity differences in superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with various functional groups (2011)

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been widely utilized for the diagnosis and therapy of specific diseases, as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents and drug-delivery carriers, due to their easy transportation to targeted areas by an external magnetic field. For such biomedical applications, SPIONs must have multifunctional characteristics, including optimized size and modified surface. However, the biofunctionality and biocompatibility of SPIONs with various surface functional groups of different sizes have yet to be elucidated clearly. Therefore, it is important to carefully monitor the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of SPIONs that are surfaced-modified with various functional groups of different sizes. In this study, we evaluated SPIONs with diameters of approximately 10 nm and 100~150 nm, containing different surface functional groups. SPIONs were covered with -O⁻ groups, so-called bare SPIONs. Following this, they were modified with three different functional groups--hydroxyl (-OH), carboxylic (-COOH), and amine (-NH₂) groups--by coating their surfaces with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS), TEOS-APTMS, or citrate, which imparted different surface charges and sizes to the particles. The effects of SPIONs coated with these functional groups on mitochondrial activity, intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species, membrane integrity, and DNA stability in L-929 fibroblasts were determined by water-soluble tetrazolium, 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein, lactate dehydrogenase, and comet assays, respectively. Our toxicological observations suggest that the functional groups and sizes of SPIONs are critical determinants of cellular responses, degrees of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, and potential mechanisms of toxicity. Nanoparticles with various surface modifications and of different sizes induced slight, but possibly meaningful, changes in cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, which would be significantly valuable in further studies of bioconjugation and cell interaction for drug delivery, cell culture, and cancer-targeting applications.
Comparative study of easily integrable photodetectors (1987)

Three different 800-nm photodetectors were fabricated using an ion-implanted GaAs MESFET technology. No modifications to the MESFET process are necessary, making these detectors among the most easily integrable reported. The detectors are a photoconductor with an ion-implanted active region and a high photocurrent gain [27], a fast photodiode (FWHM < 53 ps), and a zero-bias photodiode, Accurate comparisons of reported detectors are sometimes difficult because results are influenced by differences in the processing, material, device dimensions, active area, and testing. These factors are identical for the three detectors reported, making a fair comparison among detector types possible.
Darstellung und Eigenschaften monohalogenierter 3‐Keto‐Δ<sup>4.6</sup>‐dien‐steroide (1961)

Abstract Ausgehend von 3‐Keto‐Δ 4.6 ‐dien‐sterodien, wurde die Darstellung von in 2α‐,4‐oder 6‐Stellung monohalogenierten 3‐Keto‐Δ 4.6 ‐dien‐steroiden und 2α‐ bzw. 6‐Methoxy‐3‐keto‐Δ 4.6 ‐dien‐steroiden und Umwandlungsprodukten derselben beschrieben. Die in 2α‐bzw. 4‐Stellung halogenierten Verbindungen wurden dabei zum Teil durch überraschende Umlagerungsreaktionen aus 6‐Halogeniden erhalten. Die magnetischen Kernresonanzspektren der neuen Verbindungen werden besprochen.
Studies on the biological effects of ozone: 9. Effects of ozone on human platelets (1999)

During the course of ozonated autohaemotherapy (O3-AHT) using heparin as an anticoagulant, it was occasionally observed that a few clots were retained in the filter during blood reinfusion. This observation prompted an investigation on the effect of ozone (O3) on human platelets. We have now shown, both by biochemical and morphological criteria, that heparin in the presence of O3 can promote platelet aggregation. In contrast, after Ca2+ chelation with citrate, platelet aggregation is much reduced. The potential role of the transient formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the presence of Ca2+ with the possible expression of adhesion molecules is briefly discussed.
Time-resolved dynamics of nanosecond laser-induced phase explosion (2009)

Visualization of Nd : YAG laser ablation of aluminium targets was performed by a shadowgraph apparatus capable of imaging the dynamics of ablation with nanosecond time resolution. Direct observations of vaporization, explosive phase change and shock waves were obtained. The influence of vaporization and phase explosion on shock wave velocity was directly measured. A significant increase in the shock wave velocity was observed at the onset of phase explosion. However, the shock wave behaviour followed the form of a Taylor–Sedov spherical shock below and above the explosive phase change threshold. The jump in the shock wave velocity above phase explosion threshold is attributed to the release of stored enthalpy in the superheated liquid surface. The energy released during phase explosion was estimated by fitting the transient shock wave position to the Taylor scaling rules. Results of temperature calculations indicate that the vapour temperature at the phase explosion threshold is slightly higher than the critical temperature at the early stages of the shock wave formation. The shock wave pressure nearly doubled when transitioning from normal vaporization to phase explosion.
The Synthesis of Some Dioxole Derivatives from Alkylacetylenes<sup>1</sup> (1936)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of Some Dioxole Derivatives from Alkylacetylenes1D. B. Killian, G. F. Hennion, and J. A. NieuwlandCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1936, 58, 9, 1658–1659Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1936Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1936https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01300a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01300a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Linear electro‐optic effect applied to a radio astronomy correlator (1996)

Studies of weak millimeter‐wave cosmic radio sources in the next generation of millimeter interferometers will, for optimal sensitivity to continuum radio sources, require continuum cross correlators with an input passband of approximately 10 GHz, in comparison to the 500 MHz devices presently installed. We have designed and tested an optoelectronic continuum correlator which can achieve such high bandwidths using integrated optic Mach‐Zehnder interferometric modulators (to convert the IF signals from the radio telescope receivers to optical signals) and photoreceivers (to convert the optical signals back to electrical signals). A prototype real‐channel continuum correlator of this type is described. It performs with an overall efficiency of 81 ± 3%, which compares favorably with typical electronic digital and analogue correlators currently used in radio astronomy.
Role of N-linked oligosaccharide recognition, glucose trimming, and calnexin in glycoprotein folding and quality control. (1994)

Using a pulse-chase approach combined with immunoprecipitation, we showed that newly synthesized influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) and vesicular stomatitis virus G protein associate transiently during their folding with calnexin, a membrane-bound endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone. Inhibitors of N-linked glycosylation (tunicamycin) and glucosidases I and II (castanospermine and 1-deoxynojirimycin) prevented the association, whereas inhibitors of ER alpha-mannosidases did not. Our results indicated that binding of these viral glycoproteins to calnexin correlated closely with the composition of their N-linked oligosaccharide side chains. Proteins with monoglucosylated oligosaccharides were the most likely binding species. On the basis of our data and existing information concerning the role of monoglucosylated oligosaccharides on glycoproteins, we propose that the ER contains a unique folding and quality control machinery in which calnexin acts as a chaperone that binds proteins with partially glucose-trimmed carbohydrate side chains. In this model glucosidases I and II serve as signal modifiers and UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase, as a folding sensor.
SIRT3 inhibits prostate cancer by destabilizing oncoprotein c-MYC through regulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway (2015)

SIRT3 is involved in aging-related diseases including cancer, but its role in prostate cancer and detailed regulatory function are not known. We found that SIRT3 was moderately down-regulated in prostate carcinomas. Overexpression of SIRT3 by lentiviral transfection inhibited prostate cancer growth both in vitro and in vivo, whereas knockdown of SIRT3 increased prostate tumor growth. Mechanistically, the tumor suppression effect of SIRT3 was achieved via its inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Notably, upregulation of SIRT3 suppressed the phosphorylation of Akt, leading to the ubiquitination and degradation of oncoprotein c-MYC; this could be attenuated by constitutive activation of PI3K/Akt signaling. Collectively, our results unveiled SIRT3's tumor suppressive function and the underlying mechanism in prostate cancer, which might provide therapeutic implications for the disease.
A resource-based analysis of IT sourcing (2002)

This paper studies the relationships between the choice of a sourcing mode for information systems, the value of the resources used in systems development activities and the presence of those resources at a sufficient level within the firm. The objective is to better understand the factors underlying the decision to keep the development of an information system inside the firm or to entrust it to an outside partner. A sourcing model is proposed using the resource-based theory. A case study is used to illustrate the concepts included in the research model. Data from this case illustrate how the model could be used to predict the appropriate sourcing mode, given the availability of the necessary resources and their strategic value.
Evolutionary changes in promoter and enhancer activity during human corticogenesis (2015)

Human higher cognition is attributed to the evolutionary expansion and elaboration of the human cerebral cortex. However, the genetic mechanisms contributing to these developmental changes are poorly understood. We used comparative epigenetic profiling of human, rhesus macaque, and mouse corticogenesis to identify promoters and enhancers that have gained activity in humans. These gains are significantly enriched in modules of coexpressed genes in the cortex that function in neuronal proliferation, migration, and cortical-map organization. Gain-enriched modules also showed correlated gene expression patterns and similar transcription factor binding site enrichments in promoters and enhancers, suggesting that they are connected by common regulatory mechanisms. Our results reveal coordinated patterns of potential regulatory changes associated with conserved developmental processes during corticogenesis, providing insight into human cortical evolution.
Unique Method of Patterning Superconducting Thin Films by Selective Growth of Y–Ba–Cu–O (1990)

A new method of patterning superconducting thin films by the selective growth of YBaCuO has been developed. Films deposited on MgO substrates are superconductive, while films on SiO 2 films have the insulative properties. The results of X-ray diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy analyses show that the insulative properties are due to the intermixing of YBaCuO films and SiO 2 films. A superconducting line of 15 µm wide has the transition temperature of zero resistance at 72 K and the critical current density of 3.26×10 6 A/cm 2 at 4.2 K.
Near-Field-Focused Microwave Antennas: Near-field shaping and implementation (2017)

Focusing the electromagnetic field radiated by an antenna at a point in the antenna near-field (NF) region is a wellknown technique to increase the electromagnetic power density in a size-limited spot region close to the antenna aperture. This article encompasses the basic working principles and the applications of the NF-focused (NFF) microwave antennas as well as the synthesis procedures suggested for the NF shaping around the focal point and the technologies currently used for their implementation.
MOCS: an object-oriented programming model for multimedia object communication and synchronization (2002)

This paper describes MOCS, an object-oriented programming model for multimedia object communication and synchronization. MOCS serves to hide the details of communication of various types of data over the network and synchronization of the playback of various data streams at the destination system through high-level programming support. In MOCS, the concept of mirror object is used to provide the application a consistent view of the objects in different systems. The concept of composite object is employed to encapsulate the synchronization of multiple data streams. A declarative approach to specify synchronization, which is easy to understand, is advocated. A mechanical way to transform a declarative synchronization specification to operational implementation is devised and implemented in SAMOCS (software architecture for MOCS), which provides application programming interface routines to let the programmer develop distributed multimedia programs more easily.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Modeling and Simulation of Humanoid Robot Spine Vertebra (2012)

International audience
The Synthesis of N-Substituted 2-Aminoethanethiosulfuric Acids (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of N-Substituted 2-Aminoethanethiosulfuric AcidsDaniel L. Klayman and W. Franklin GilmoreCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1964, 7, 6, 823–824Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00336a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00336a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Introduction of Allyl and Prenyl Side‐Chains into Aromatic Systems by Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reactions (2009)

Abstract This paper reports some studies aiming at the developement of a general protocol useful for the synthesis of allyl‐ and prenylaromatic compounds. The first part deals with the preparation of boron reagents like arylboronic acids and their pinacol esters as well as of pinacol allyl‐ and prenylboronates. The second part of the paper is devoted to the use of these boron reagents in Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions leading to allylation and prenylation of aromatic compounds. Of the six methods studied, the most promising results were obtained by using the Pd 2 (dba) 3 ‐catalyzed reactions of arylboronic acids with allyl and prenyl bromides, that lead to the products of cross coupling in high yields (average 87%), and the reactions of aryl trifluoroborates with allyl and prenyl bromides catalyzed by Pd(OAc) 2 that lead to the products of coupling in all cases in high yields (average 82%).(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)