gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thresholding RULES and iterative shrinkage/thresholding algorithm: A convergence study (2014)

Imaging inverse problems can be formulated as an optimization problem and solved thanks to algorithms such as forward-backward or ISTA (Iterative Shrinkage/Thresholding Algorithm) for which non smooth functionals with sparsity constraints can be minimized efficiently. However, the soft thresholding operator involved in this algorithm leads to a biased estimation of large coefficients. That is why a step allowing to reduce this bias is introduced in practice. Indeed, in the statistical community, a large variety of thresholding operators have been studied to avoid the biased estimation of large coefficients; for instance, the non negative Garrote or the the SCAD thresholding. One can associate a non convex penalty to these operators. We study the convergence properties of ISTA, possibly relaxed, with any thresholding rule and show that they correspond to a semi-convex penalty. The effectiveness of this approach is illustrated on image inverse problems.
Controlling element-induced alterations in UDPglucose:flavonoid glucosyltransferase, the enzyme specified by the <i>bronze</i> locus in maize (1977)

The bz locus in maize, which directs synthesis of the enzyme UDPglucose:flavonoid glucosyltransferase (UFGT) in the endosperm, is one of many loci at which controlling element-induced phenotypic changes are known. To characterize the nature of such modifications, several bz mutants derived by transposition of the controlling element Ds to the Bz gene were analyzed. Three mutants were found to lack UFGT at all stages of endosperm development. Two others appeared to make an altered UFGT, and in one of these the enzyme showed an altered developmental profile.
Hardware Support for a Configurable Architecture for Real-Time Embedded Systems on a Programmable Chip (2007)

Current FPGA technology has advanced to the point that useful embedded SoPCs can now be designed. The Real Time Processor (RTP) project at Brigham Young University leverages the advances in FPGA technology with a system architecture that is customizable to specific applications. A simple real-time processor has been designed to provide support for a hardware-assisted real-time operating system providing fast context switches. As part of the hardware RTOS, the following have been implemented in hardware: scheduler, register banks, mutex, semaphore, queue, interrupts, event, and others. A novel circuit called the Task-Resource Matrix has been created to allow fast inter/intra processor communication and synchronization.
tong jia kai shi kuan fu zhen dang (2011)

近期,中东和北非局势发展一直牵动金属期货市场神经,油价高企也令全球通胀阴云更加浓厚。国内外铜价在经历前期一段时间的高位窄幅震荡整理之后,目前,铜价进入宽幅震荡区间。而中国的进口数据和日本爆发地震灾害,短期也促成铜价继续下行。综合2011年全年来看,全球铜供应预计短缺和美国经济复苏、中国持续大量的铜需求,将会继续成为铜价强有力的支撑因素。
Dyanmics of organic reactions (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDyanmics of organic reactionsI. S. Y. Wang and M. KarplusCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 24, 8160–8164Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00805a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00805a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views333Altmetric-Citations142LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Chemistry of Vitamin E. XXXIV. The Three Dimethylethyltocols<sup>1</sup> (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemistry of Vitamin E. XXXIV. The Three Dimethylethyltocols1Lee Irvin Smith and W. B. Renfrow Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1942, 64, 2, 445–447Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1942https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01254a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01254a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views31Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Edge Agreement: Graph-Theoretic Performance Bounds and Passivity Analysis (2010)

This work explores the properties of the edge variant of the graph Laplacian in the context of the edge agreement problem. We show that the edge Laplacian, and its corresponding agreement protocol, provides a useful perspective on the well-known node agreement, or the consensus algorithm. Specifically, the dynamics induced by the edge Laplacian facilitates a better understanding of the role of certain subgraphs, e.g., cycles and spanning trees, in the original agreement problem. Using the edge Laplacian, we proceed to examine graph-theoretic characterizations of the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> performance for the agreement protocol. These results are subsequently applied in the contexts of optimal sensor placement for consensus-based applications. Finally, the edge Laplacian is employed to provide new insights into the nonlinear extension of linear agreement to agents with passive dynamics.
<scp>l</scp>-arginine transport is increased in macrophages generating nitric oxide (1992)

Transport of L-arginine and nitrite production were examined in the murine macrophage cell line J774. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced a dose- and time-dependent stimulation of nitrite production, which was further increased in the presence of interferon-gamma. Nitrite synthesis was absolutely dependent on extracellular L-arginine and inhibited in the presence of L-lysine or L-ornithine. In unactivated J774 cells L-arginine transport was saturable, with an apparent Km of 0.14 +/- 0.04 mM and Vmax. of 15 +/- 2 nmol/h per 10(6) cells. LPS (1 microgram/ml) induced a time-dependent stimulation of L-arginine transport, and after 24 h the Vmax. increased to 34 +/- 2 nmol/h per 10(6) cells. These findings indicate that activation of J774 cells with LPS produces an increase in both L-arginine transport and nitrite synthesis. The elevated rate of L-arginine transport in activated J774 cells may provide a mechanism for sustained substrate supply during enhanced utilization of L-arginine for the generation of NO.
Bioactive Glass Innovations Through Academia‐Industry Collaboration (2016)

Since the discovery of 45S5 bioactive glass by Hench in 1969, numerous studies have been conducted on the use of bioactive glasses for the repair of hard and soft tissues. However, limited progress has been achieved in the commercialization of bioactive glass as medical products, with the most successful ones being 45S5‐based Perioglas ® , Novabone ® , and NovaMin ® . This indicates that a gap exists between academic research and industrial scale‐up. Our work attempts to provide a preliminary study on the two well‐known bioactive glasses, 45S5 and 13‐93, to evaluate their suitability for mass production in an industrial platform. Glass properties including strain, annealing, and softening points, thermal expansion, density, and liquidus temperature are characterized. Our results show that both glasses have a substantially lower liquidus viscosity than soda lime silicate ( SLS ) glass, suggesting that melting and forming them in an industrial continuous‐unit melting system could be challenging. Innovations in bioactive glass compositions by delving into literature, referencing relevant phase diagrams, conducting design of experiments ( DOE ), and utilizing modeling tools are needed. Furthermore, joint research between academia and industry on the development of new forming techniques is critical to meet the increasing demand for bioactive glass in a variety of sizes and shapes.
"I recognized myself in her": identifying with the reader in George Eliot's The mill on the Floss and Simone de Beauvoir's Memoirs of a dutiful daughter. (2005)

A familiar feature of the realist novel of development is the experience of identification—the subject’s perception or projection of similarity between herself and another. The identification effect has been central to charges of conservatism and bourgeois hegemony leveled at classical realism generally. Such critiques, however, often take no account of the reader’s gender. In analyses of two narratives featuring female protagonists, George Eliot’s novel The Mill on the Floss (1859-60) and Simone de Beauvoir’s Memoirs of a Dutiful Daughter (1959), this essay suggests two qualifications for the critique of identification. First, narratives of female development themselves entertain the possibility that identification may have stultifying rather than liberating effects. For example, Eliot in The Mill on the Floss represents identification for and with the novel’s protagonist, Maggie Tulliver, as a mise-en-abime. Second, the readers who identify with these protagonists—such as Beauvoir—may be inspired to struggle with and attempt to surpass these limits in their own lives and writing. For some texts and readers, a characterization of identification as simply hegemonic fails to capture either the complexity of identification within the novel of development or the persistence with which readers experience identification as transgressive or liberating.
종설 : 초음파 자극기 Part II; 초음파 자극기 사용의 부작용에 대한 고찰 (2013)

An ultrasonic device for medical skin care is used to gently exfoliate the skin of dead skin cells and impurities. Ultrasound waves help loosen and remove oil, dirt and cellular debris from pores. Ponophoresis or sonophoresis is the use of ultrasound to increase percutaneous absorption of drugs, serums, lotions, creams and masques to a depth where it is more effective and beneficial. For improved results and safer procedures, we need to know the contraindications and adverse effects of ultrasonic treatments. Therefore, we summarized and reviewed the issue of safety including contraindications, cautions, and adverse events.
Statistical paging area selection scheme (SPAS) for cellular mobile communication systems (2002)

This paper proposes a new paging scheme called statistical paging area selection. The network pages mobile station (MS) by paging a sequence of areas in a predetermined order based on either the location statistics collected and reported by the MS or on a temporary location registration in the MS. The simulation example based on a simple model shows several fundamental performances of this scheme.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Otitis Media in Infants and Children (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Linear Transformations of Equations (1982)

By a linear transformation of equation (A) we mean the process of passing from (A) to a new equation (10.1) $$ BAx = By $$ by means of a linear operator B which acts from F into a new Banach space G. It could be that the equation (BA) $$ BAx = z $$ is easier to solve than the original one. However, in dealing with such transformations we must proceed with a certain amount of caution. If the operator B is not defined everywhere on F, then the solutions of equation (A) corresponding to right-hand sides y ∉ υ(B) are not in the set of all solutions of equation (BA).
Human islet preparations distributed for research exhibit a variety of insulin-secretory profiles (2015)

Human islet research is providing new insights into human islet biology and diabetes, using islets isolated at multiple US centers from donors with varying characteristics. This creates challenges for understanding, interpreting, and integrating research findings from the many laboratories that use these islets. In what is, to our knowledge, the first standardized assessment of human islet preparations from multiple isolation centers, we measured insulin secretion from 202 preparations isolated at 15 centers over 11 years and noted five distinct patterns of insulin secretion. Approximately three quarters were appropriately responsive to stimuli, but one quarter were dysfunctional, with unstable basal insulin secretion and/or an impairment in stimulated insulin secretion. Importantly, the patterns of insulin secretion by responsive human islet preparations (stable Baseline and Fold stimulation of insulin secretion) isolated at different centers were similar and improved slightly over the years studied. When all preparations studied were considered, basal and stimulated insulin secretion did not correlate with isolation center, biological differences of the islet donor, or differences in isolation, such as Cold Ischemia Time. Dysfunctional islet preparations could not be predicted from the information provided by the isolation center and had altered expression of genes encoding components of the glucose-sensing pathway, but not of insulin production or cell death. These results indicate that insulin secretion by most preparations from multiple centers is similar but that in vitro responsiveness of human islets cannot be predicted, necessitating preexperimental human islet assessment. These results should be considered when one is designing, interpreting, and integrating experiments using human islets.
A Simple Polarimetric System for the Lick Observatory Image-Tube Scanner (1974)

The insertion of a simple, stationary, three-element filter in front of the Cassegrain spectrograph and image-tube scanner (ITS) of the Lick 120-inch telescope allows simultaneous measurement of the Stokes parameters as a flinction of wavelength across at least 2000 A. Resolution for linear polarization varies from 25 A at 3100 A to 175 A at 8000 A, while the instrumental polarization is less than 0.2%. Simultaneous sky subtraction, small slit, and online reduction of incoming data already achieved in the ITS system make this a useful spectropolarimetric device for faint objects. Key words: polarization - spectrophotometry
The bone anabolic carotenoid β-cryptoxanthin enhances transforming growth factor-β1-induced SMAD activation in MC3T3 preosteoblasts (2009)

The xanthophyll beta-cryptoxanthin is a member of the carotenoid family of plant-derived pigments endowed with anti-osteoporotic properties in vivo. beta-cryptoxanthin was demonstrated to stimulate osteoblastic bone formation and simultaneously repress osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro. However, the mechanisms of action remain to be elucidated. The SMAD signal transduction pathway is established to play a critical role in osteoblast lineage commitment and differentiation. In this study we used transient transfection assays of a SMAD luciferase reporter to investigate whether beta-cryptoxanthin regulates SMAD activation in MC3T3 pre-osteoblastic cells. Beta-cryptoxanthin did not stimulate basal SMAD activity but amplified transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1-induced SMAD activation. Interestingly, beta-cryptoxanthin did not affect bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)-induced SMAD activation in osteoblastic cells, suggesting specificity of action on the TGF-beta1 pathway. This study suggests that the carotenoid beta-cryptoxanthin may promote osteoblast differentiation and activity by amplifying TGF-beta1-induced lineage commitment of osteoblast precursors.
Evolving management of common bile duct stones in the laparoscopic era. (1997)

The role of laparoscopic duct exploration in the management of common bile duct (CBD) stones is unclear. The aim of this study is to audit the current management of choledocholithiasis in our unit and to report on the introduction of laparoscopic management, comparing it with established techniques. Over a 5-year period, 173 patients presented with CBD stones. In 105 (61%) patients, primary management of choledocholithiasis was by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) which was successful in 85 (81%) cases. Of the 20 patients with retained stones following ES, 18 underwent subsequent surgical exploration. Fifty (29%) patients underwent open CBD exploration as a primary treatment, resulting in complete clearance in 43 (86%) cases. Retained CBD calculi following open surgery occurred in seven cases and were ultimately treated by post-operative ES (n = 5), and observation (n = 2). Eighteen (10%) patients underwent primary laparoscopic CBD exploration. Four cases were converted to open surgery. Of the 14 completed laparoscopic duct explorations, 12 (86%) were successful. Two patients had retained stones, requiring secondary treatment with ERCP and ES. There was no mortality in the entire series. The complication rate was 12.4% with ERCP, 14% with open surgery, and zero with laparoscopic CBD exploration. There was no significant difference in hospital stay between groups. We conclude that the management of choledocholithiasis is in evolution, and early results suggest that laparoscopic CBD exploration compares favourably with established open surgical and endoscopic methods.
Helminthosporium leaf blight resistance and agronomic performance of wheat genotypes across warm regions of South Asia (2004)

Abstract Helminthosporium leaf blight (HLB) is the most important disease constraint to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation in the eastern Gangetic Plains of South Asia. A Helminthosporium Monitoring Nursery (HMN) including potential adapted and exotic sources of HLB resistance was developed in Bangladesh, India and Nepal to assess the stability of genetic resistance across locations. The 8th, 9th and 10th HMN assessed the HLB resistance and agronomic traits of 17 wheat genotypes across 20 environments of Bangladesh, India and Nepal in the 1999‐2000, 2000‐2001 and 2001‐2002 cropping seasons, respectively. The area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) for HLB, grain yield, thousand‐kernel weight (TKW), days to heading, days to maturity, and plant height were examined. The 17 genotypes showed a range of variability for disease and agronomic characters. Disease severity (AUDPC) differed in the 3 years and showed the highest values in 2002. The increase in AUDPC in 2002 caused the lowest grain yield, with an average 18% reduction due to HLB. A few genotypes (SW 89‐5422, Yangmai‐6 and Ning 8201) appeared to have stable HLB resistance across environments. However, most of the higher‐yielding genotypes, except BL 1883, were unstable. The results suggest that careful selection of HLB resistance with acceptable grain yield, TKW and plant height may be possible using the wheat genotypes included in the HMN.
Sensitive and Inexpensive Molecular Test for Falciparum Malaria: Detecting Plasmodium falciparum DNA Directly from Heat-Treated Blood by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification, (2005)

Unlike PCR, the LAMP assay does not require purified DNA for efficient DNA amplification, thereby reducing the cost and turnaround time for P. falciparum diagnosis. The assay requires only basic instruments, and assay positivity can be verified by visual inspection.
Efficacy in infancy of oligosaccharide conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type b (HbOC) vaccine in a United States population of 61 080 children (1991)

The efficacy of the HbOC conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine was evaluated in a study population of 61,080 infants in the Northern California Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program. Between February, 1988, and June, 1990, the HbOC vaccine was given as part of a three-dose series at 2, 4, and 6 months of age to 20,800 infants. The study population included children with a well-care visit at a study center during the first 6 months of life. There were 25 cases of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in the study population: 22 in unvaccinated children and 3 in children who received only one dose of HbOC vaccine. The efficacy of the full three-dose series was evaluated by several methods: a primary analysis comparing fully vaccinated children with unvaccinated children from 7 to 18 months of age; a stratified exact analysis adjusted for age and seasonality; and a case-control analysis which further adjusted for known risk factors. The efficacy of three doses of vaccine was 100% with the lower bound of the 95% confidence interval for the three analyses at 68, 71, and 64%, respectively. There were no cases of disease resulting from two doses of HbOC vaccine yielding an estimate of 100% efficacy (95% confidence interval, 47 to 100) for two doses of HbOC vaccine. However, for children who had received only one dose of HbOC vaccine, vaccine efficacy was estimated to be 26% and the possibility that one dose of HbOC vaccine had no efficacy could not be excluded.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)