gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the Stability and Electronic Structure of Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayer Alloys Mo1−xXxS2−ySey with X = W, Nb (2015)

Layered transition-metal dichalcogenides have extraordinary electronic properties, which can be easily modified by various means. Here, we have investigated how the stability and electronic structure of MoS 2 monolayers is influenced by alloying, i.e., by substitution of the transition metal Mo by W and Nb and of the chalcogen S by Se. While W and Se incorporate into the MoS 2 matrix homogeneously, forming solid solutions, the incorporation of Nb is energetically unstable and results in phase separation. However, all three alloying atoms change the electronic band structure significantly. For example, a very small concentration of Nb atoms introduces localized metallic states, while Mo 1 - x W x S 2 and MoS 2 - y Se y alloys exhibit spin-splitting of the valence band of strength that is in between that of the pure materials. Moreover, small, but evident spin-splitting is introduced in the conduction band due to the symmetry breaking. Therefore, transition-metal dichalcogenide alloys are interesting candidates for optoelectronic and spintronic applications.
A Game-Theoretic Approach for Runtime Capacity Allocation in MapReduce (2017)

Nowadays many companies have available large amounts of raw, unstructured data. Among Big Data enabling technologies, a central place is held by the MapReduce framework and, in particular, by its open source implementation, Apache Hadoop. For cost effectiveness considerations, a common approach entails sharing server clusters among multiple users. The underlying infrastructure should provide every user with a fair share of computational resources, ensuring that service level agreements (SLAs) are met and avoiding wastes. In this paper we consider mathematical models for the optimal allocation of computational resources in a Hadoop 2.x cluster with the aim to develop new capacity allocation techniques that guarantee better performance in shared data centers. Our goal is to get a substantial reduction of power consumption while respecting the deadlines stated in the SLAs and avoiding penalties associated with job rejections. The core of this approach is a distributed algorithm for runtime capacity allocation, based on Game Theory models and techniques, that mimics the MapReduce dynamics by means of interacting players, namely the central Resource Manager and Class Managers.
EFFECTS OF DRUG EFFLUX ON CONVECTION-ENHANCED PACLITAXEL DELIVERY TO MALIGNANT GLIOMAS (2007)

Vd remained high and no adverse effects were seen in Group 3. Sealing the burr hole during CED prevented efflux. The simple measure of sealing seems to increase Vd. These data demonstrate that uncontrolled backflow may have an important impact on CED and must be avoided.
Single image super-resolution via BM3D sparse coding (2015)

In this paper, a novel single image super-resolution (SISR) algorithm is proposed. It is based on the BM3D (Block-Matching and 3D filtering) paradigm, where both sparsity and nonlocal patch self-similarity priors are utilized. The algorithm is derived from a variational formulation of the problem and has a structure typical for iterative back-projection super-resolution methods. They are characterized by updating high-resolution image which is calculated using the previous estimate and upsampled low-resolution error. The developed method is thoroughly compared with the state-of-the-art SISR both for noiseless and noisy data, demonstrating superior performance objectively and subjectively.
Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles in diseases other than senile and presenile dementia (1979)

A brief description is given of neurofibrillary changes of the paired helical filament type in a variety of chronic neurological diseases. These include subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, lead encephalopathy, tuberous sclerosis, Down syndrome, Hallervorden-Spatz disease, and lipofuscinosis. In these conditions, with the exception of Hallervorden-Spatz disease neurofibrillary changes were previously recognized but paired helical filaments were identified only in some cases. Moreover, in the present series, the age of patients at death was often younger than in previously recorded cases.
SHORT NOTICES (1943)

Journal Article SHORT NOTICES Get access The Poetry of Dorothy Wordsworth. Edited from the Journals by HYMAN EIGERMAN 1940New York Columbia University Press, 1941, London H Milford. Pp 106 $2 00, 13s 6d net EDITH J MORLEY EDITH J MORLEY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of English Studies, Volume os-XIX, Issue 76, October 1943, Page 445, https://doi.org/10.1093/res/os-XIX.76.445 Published: 01 October 1943
A multi-leve/multi-layer architecture for intelligent shopfloor control (1990)

Abstract In this paper, we address the problem of designing an organizational structure to manage production activities in the factories of tomorrow. Those factories will have computers and other automated machinery performing many of the functions currently done by humans. We propose a multiplayer/multi-level control architecture to manage shopfloor activities, Each module in that architecture performs three functions: adaptation, optimization, and regulation. We describe these functions and discuss integration and future research issues.
An<i>Xanthomonas citri</i>Pathogenicity Gene,<i>pthA,</i>Pleiotropically Encodes Gratuitous Avirulence on Nonhosts (1992)

The pathogenicity gene, pthA, of Xanthomonas citri is required to elicit symptoms of Asiatic citrus canker disease; introduction of pthA into Xanthomonas strains that are mildly pathogenic or opportunistic on citrus confers the ability to induce cankers on citrus (S. Swarup, R. De Feyter, R. H. Brlansky, and D. W. Gabriel, Phytopathology 81:802-809, 1991). The structure and the function of pthA in other xanthomonads and in X. citri were further investigated. When pthA was introduced into strains of X. phaseoli and X. campestris pv. malvacearum (neither pathogenic to citrus), the transconjugants remained nonpathogenic to citrus and elicited a hypersensitive response (HR) on their respective hosts, bean and cotton. In X. c. pv. malvacearum, pthA conferred cultivar-specific avirulence. Structurally, pthA is highly similar to avrBs3 and avrBsP from X. c. pv. vesicatoria and to avrB4, avrb6, avrb7, avrBIn, avrB101, and avrB102 from X. c. pv. malvacearum. Surprisingly, marker-exchanged pthA::Tn5-gusA mutant B21.2 of X. citri specifically lost the ability to induce the nonhost HR on bean, but retained the ability to induce the nonhost HR on cotton. The loss of the ability of B21.2 to elicit an HR on bean was restored by introduction of cloned pthA, indicating that the genetics of the nonhost HR may be the same as that found in homologous interactions involving specific avr genes. In contrast with expectations of homologous HR reactions, however, elimination of pthA function (resulting in loss of HR) did not result in water-soaking or even moderate levels of growth in planta of X. citri on bean; the nonhost HR, therefore, may not be responsible for the "resistance" of bean to X. citri and may not limit the host range of X. citri on bean. The pleiotropic avirulence function of pthA and the heterologous HR of bean to X. citri are both evidently gratuitous.
Binding sites involved in the interaction of actin with the N‐terminal region of dystrophin (1992)

Two actin-binding sites have been identified on human dystrophin by proton NMR spectroscopy of synthetic peptides corresponding to defined regions of the polypeptide sequence. These are Actin-Binding Site 1 (ABS1) located at residues 17-26 and Actin-Binding Site 2 (ABS2) in the region of residues 128-156. Using defined fragments of the actin amino acid sequence, ABS1 has been shown to bind to actin in the region represented by residues 83-117 and ABS2 to the C-terminal region represented by residues 350-375. These dystrophin-binding sites lie on the exposed domain in the actin filament.
Iterative Learning Control and Repetitive Control in Hard Disk Drive Industry - A Tutorial (2006)

This paper presents a tutorial on iterative learning control (ILC) and repetitive control (RC) techniques in hard disk drive (HDD) industry for compensation of repeatable runouts (RRO). After each tutorial, an application example is given. For ILC, a simple filtering-free implementation for written-in RRO compensation is presented. For the RC part, a new application of RC in dual stage HDD servo is presented. Finally, the widely used adaptive feedforward control (AFC) technique is explained from ILC point of view with discussions on challenges and issues in implementation in HDD industry
Prions and blood products (2000)

The transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) by human pituitary-derived growth hormone has led to concerns that blood products might also provide a route for the iatrogenic transmission of CJD. A number of actions have been implemented by regulatory authorities to address such concerns, and numerous studies have been undertaken to determine whether or not there is a risk of CJD being transmitted in this manner. To date, no excess risk has been identified, leading to a growing consensus that there is little or no risk of long established forms of CJD being transmitted to recipients of blood products. This opinion does not extend to new variant CJD (vCJD) which is found predominantly in the UK and is believed to have resulted from the transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) to humans. Unlike that of CJD, the prevalence of vCJD is not known. In addition, the detection of abnormal prion protein in the tonsils of vCJD-infected individuals has led to speculation that blood infectivity may be greater than in patients with CJD. A number of precautionary measures have been taken to address the possibility that vCJD may be transmissible by blood products; however, further scientific advances are needed to enable this risk to be defined. A suitable screening test is required to identify any infected blood donors, particularly where cellular blood components are being derived from populations believed to be at risk from BSE infection. Recent experimental data suggest that process operations used in the manufacture of plasma products may be capable of removing prion agents to a significant extent. However, further work is required to confirm these observations and to determine whether or not all potential vCJD infectivity would be removed by these means.
Design Considerations for a Two-Phase, Buried-Channel, Charge-Coupled Device (1974)

The design of a two-phase, buried-channel (or bulk-channel) charge-coupled device is presented. Directionality is obtained by using a stepped-oxide structure. The basic operation of the device is explained, and the effect that changes in various design parameters have on its operation is examined in some detail. A set of roughly optimal parameters are found that yield an extremely fast and efficient device. We estimate a charge-transfer time of 1.8 ns and a charge capacity of 4.1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sup> (electrons/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). Only existing technology is necessary for its fabrication.
Cam plastometer data acquisition system (1971)

A high-speed system was designed and built to acquire time, temperature and load data from experiments in the cam plastometer. The cam plastometer is a mechanical testing machine which measures a fundamental property of non-brittle materials, namely their resistance to compressive deformation, during such deformation at constant true-strain rates. Early versions of the machine operated at comparatively low strain rates. The machine was constantly improved until it now operates over a wide range of true (logarithmic) strain rates, from 0.05 to greater than 200 s-1. This range of rates requires the versatile, high-speed data acquisition system described in this paper. Operation of the cam plastometer is briefly described; then the sequence of acquiring data during an experiment, of storing these data in a ferrite-core memory, and of subsequently retrieving them for computer processing is given. Operation of the circuits which control input to, and output from, the memory is set forth in detail.
Nicotinic Receptor Mutant Mice in the Study of Autonomic Function (2002)

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have been implicated in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, nicotine addiction, schizophrenia, and autonomic dysfunctions. Although nicotine may be used therapeutically either alone or in association with other drugs, its beneficial effects are limited by its addictive properties and a number of other side effects. A deeper understanding of nicotinic cholinergic mechanisms is necessary to develop nAChR ligands that are more selective, less toxic, and more therapeutically effective than nicotine. Although there has been significant progress identifying the nAChR subunits that form functional nAChRs, there is limited information associating the location and function of nAChR subtypes in the nervous system. Several groups have genetically engineered mice in which one or more genes encoding nAChR subunits has been deleted or altered. Mice with nAChR mutations targeted to subunits that are highly expressed in the CNS have brought insight into the nAChR mechanisms involved in nicotine addiction, analgesia, aging, and nicotine-induced behaviors. Mutations targeted to nAChR subunits that are highly expressed in the peripheral nervous system have opened a window on the complex mechanisms governing autonomic control of peripheral organs. This review examines nAChRs in the autonomic control of peripheral organ systems as gleaned from studies of nAChR mutant mice.
Frame-based image deblurring with unknown boundary conditions using the alternating direction method of multipliers (2013)

The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is an efficient optimization tool that achieves state-of-the-art speed in several imaging inverse problems, by splitting the underlying problem into simpler, efficiently solvable sub-problems. In deconvolution, one of these sub-problems requires a matrix inversion, which has been shown to be efficiently computable (via the FFT), if the observation operator is circulant, i.e., under periodic boundary conditions. We extend ADMM-based image deconvolution to a more realistic scenario: unknown boundaries. The observation is modeled as the composition of a periodic convolution with a spatial mask that excludes the regions where the periodic convolution is invalid. We show that the resulting algorithms inherit the convergence guarantees of ADMM and illustrate its performance on non-periodic de-blurring under frame-based regularization.
Protein kinase C induces phosphorylation and desensitization of the human 5-HT1A receptor (1991)

The effects of short-term phorbol ester treatment of CHO cells that stably express 900 fmol of recombinant human serotonin 5-HT1A receptor/mg of protein on coupling to the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and on phosphorylation of the receptor were studied. Pretreatment of cell monolayers with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) caused a dose- and time-dependent shift of the half-maximal dose of serotonin (5-HT) required to inhibit membrane adenylyl cyclase (from IC50 approximately 100 nM to approximately 400 nM). This desensitization (shift in IC50) was rapid, occurring with 5 min of pretreatment and being maximal by 10-15 min; it was also dose-dependent, being half-maximal at approximately 300 nM PMA. Desensitization was also induced by sn-dioctanoylglycerol (DiC8) and blocked by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors sphingosine and 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H-7). In detached permeabilized cells, PMA pretreatment caused a rapid phosphorylation of immunoprecipitated 5-HT1A receptors, with an approximately 3-4-fold increase that was maximal after 15 min and persisted for 90 min. The phosphorylation occurred at a similar dose of PMA as that which induced desensitization (half-maximal at approximately 300 nM, maximal at 500 nM to 1 microM), could be reproduced by pretreatment with the PKC activators DiC8 or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), and could be blocked by the PKC inhibitors sphingosine or H-7. The stoichiometry of the phosphorylation was approximately 2 mol of [32P]ATP/mol of receptor, suggesting the involvement at least two of three putative PKC sites within the 5-HT1A receptor. The close concordance between the PKC-induced desensitization and phosphorylation suggests a potential causative link between these two effects of PKC on the human 5-HT1A receptor.
Host inflammatory responses to first isolation of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> from sputum in cystic fibrosis (1993)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of the respiratory tract in patients with cystic fibrosis is a major determinant of morbidity and mortality. However, it has been postulated that the earliest phase of colonization is not associated with injury. To test this hypothesis we determined the association of the first recorded isolation of P. aeruginosa from the sputum on circulating markers of the inflammatory response in 6 patients with cystic fibrosis. At this time circulating C-reactive protein was increased in all 6 and neutrophil elastase alpha 1-antitrypsin complex (elastase-complex) was increased in 5 patients compared with healthy controls. This inflammatory response was associated with a reduction in the FEV1 and FVC of all patients [FEV1, 1.42 +/- 0.87 L (mean +/- SD) at first isolation vs. 2.08 +/- 0.74 L before isolation; P < 0.05; FVC, 1.94 +/- 0.93 L vs. 2.87 +/- 1.01 L, P < 0.05]. At a median interval of 10 months, 5 patients had raised titres of positive IgG antibody to P. aeruginosa, indicating significant exposure to this organism. At this time, lung function had returned to preinfection levels, whilst 3 patients showed continuing features of an inflammatory response, and the group mean value for elastase-complex was raised. Our findings demonstrate that at the time of first isolation of P. aeruginosa from the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis, there is a concomitant systemic host response and an acute deterioration of pulmonary function.
Inhibition of acyl-CoA: Cholesterol acyltransferase activity by cyclodepsiptide antibiotics. (1992)

The effect was studied of the fungal cyclodepsipeptide antibiotics beauvericin and seven distinct enniatins on acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity. In an enzyme assay using rat liver microsomes, all the compounds were found to inhibit ACAT activity. The drug concentration that caused 50% inhibition (IC50 value) of the enzyme activity was determined to be 3.0 microM for beauvericin, indicating that the compound is one of the most potent ACAT inhibitors of microbial origin. Enniatins exhibited much higher IC50 values of 22 to 110 microM. More hydrophobic enniatins showed more potent inhibitory activity. Furthermore, the ACAT inhibitory activity was evaluated as inhibition of cholesteryl ester formation in a cell assay using J774 macrophages. Calculation of the ratio, CD50 value (the drug concentration causing 50% cell damage)/IC50 value of cholesteryl ester formation, indicated that beauvericin shows the highest specificity. These data indicate that beauvericin is one of the most potent and specific ACAT inhibitors of microbial origin.
Electric field induced alignment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in polymers and multiscale composites (2015)

Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) have a highly anisotropic electrical resistivity, which limits their use in electrical applications. In this contribution, an electric field was used to align multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to create preferential conductive pathways within a nanocomposite and a multiscale composite in order to reduce their resistivity. Investigation on epoxy containing MWCNTs have shown that an electric field of 40 V mm−1 or higher applied for 2 h can lead to a reduction of the resistivity parallel to the field up to four orders of magnitude with only 0·01 wt-% loading. In the case of CFRPs reinforced with 0·01 and 0·1 wt-% of MWCNTs, we observed reductions of the through the thickness resistivity of 36 and 99% respectively, when an electric field of 60 V mm−1 was applied for 2 h during the fabrication of the samples.
Effect of sterol replacement in vivo on the fatty acid composition of Tetrahymena. (1975)

The addition of ergosterol to cultures of Tetrahymena pyriformis results in (a) the accumulation of the sterol by the cells; (b) the inhibition of the synthesis of the pentacyclic triterpenoid alcohol, tetrahymanol; (c) the replacement of tetrahymanol by ergosterol in the ciliate membranes. The dry weight and lipid content of sterol-supplemented ciliates did not differ from the controls. Examination of the lipid classes revealed no change in composition except for a higher content of ergosterol in supplemented cells than tetrahymanol in control cultures. The relative proportions of triglycerides, the major classes of polar lipids, 1-alkyl phospholipids and phosphonolipids, appeared unaltered. A complex array of fatty acids is found in this ciliate. Several acids not reported previously in this organism were isolated and identified, and the novel fatty acid 18:2 delta 6, 11, was found in substantial amounts. Ergosterol supplementation altered the proportions of the fatty acids, although not all lipid classes were affected to the same extent. The changes noted were of three general types: (a) a shortening of the fatty acyl chain length in the acids of the normal series; (b) a lowering in the degree of unsaturation; (c) a discrimination between two isomers of lionoleate, 18:2 delta 6, 11 and 18:2 delta 9, 12. The former is elevated in the presence of ergosterol while the latter is depressed. Each class of polar lipids has a distinctive fatty acid composition. Among the glycerophospholipids, cardiolipin and phosphatidylcholine were least affected, while the mixture of 1-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-(2-aminoethyl)-phosphonate and 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-(2-aminoethyl)-phosphonate was most markedly altered. Sphingolipid fatty acid composition was influenced by ergosterol supplementation. Two changes were noted: (a) a reduction in the length of the hydrocarbon chain; (b) an increase in the proportion of alpha-hydroxy acids. The impact of ergosterol on the fatty acid composition of the polar lipids may be on fatty acid biosynthesis, on incorporation of fatty acids, or on the turnover rates of the fatty acyl groups. Ergosterol is concentrated in the ciliary (limiting) membrane, as are the polar lipids most affected. This localization allows the speculation that the change in fatty acid composition may be related to the maintenance of optimal membrane properties upon the introduction of the sterol.
The influence of trunk control training on motor function and the ability in the activities of daily living of patients with cerebral palsy (2012)

Objective To observe the influence of trunk control training on motor function and the ability of cerebral palsy (CP) patients in the activities of daily living (ADL).Methods Forty patients with CP were randomly divided into a treatment group (n =20) and a control group (n =20).Both groups were treated with routine rehabilitation,while the treatment group also received trunk control training.All patients were assessed with function ambulation category (FAC) classification,time to walk 10 m,the Berg balance scale (BBS),and the modified Barthel index (MBI) at the beginning and eight weeks later.Results Before the intervention there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of any of the assessments.Eight weeks later,all the assessment scores were significantly better in the treatment group than in the control group.Conclusion Trunk control training can significantly improve motor function and the ADL ability of patients with CP.

Key words: 
Cerebral palsy; Motor function; Activities of daily living; Trunk control