gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved centric phase encoding orders for three‐dimensional magnetization‐prepared mr angiography (1996)

New centric phase encoding orders are introduced for transient state three-dimensional MR imaging. Unlike previous centric orders, these variants are not fixed with respect to differences in the relative y and z fields of view, but are tailored to account for the, differential degrees of gradient dephasing in the Ky and Kz phase encoding directions and thus maintain the highest weighting for the most central k-space values. The new centric orders are compared with previous methods in both simulation and experimental magnetization-prepared MR angiography of the carotid and renal arteries. In comparison with other tested centric orders, the new methods provided better retention of true vessel shape caused by isotropic blurring across the phase encoding plane. In addition, the new methods provided increased contrast, with the degree of improvement over previous methods depending on vessel orientation, size, and degree of inflow.
Accelerated leaching of cementitious materials using ammonium nitrate (6M): influence of test conditions (2012)

International audience
Viscous friction measurement technique in robot joint with the use of surrogate mass (2012)

This paper is the theoretical analysis of the method for determining viscous friction characteristics in an industrial robot joint. For the purpose of calculating the value of viscous friction, the surrogate mass of driven robot arms and their common surrogate center of gravity was used. In order to ensure the value of surrogate mass to be correct, the analysis of friction hysteresis influence on a motor’s driven torque was performed. The analysis of dynamic phenomenon of friction was performed by numerical robot joint and robot arms models.
A new technique for optimization problems in graph theory (1998)

This paper presents an efficient technique to map the minimum vertex cover and two closely related problems (maximum independent set and maximum clique) onto the Hopfield neural networks. The proposed approach can be used to find near-optimum solutions for these problems in parallel, and particularly the network algorithm always yields minimal vertex covers. A systematic way of deriving energy functions is described. Based on these relationships, other NP-complete problems in graph theory can also be solved by neural networks. Extensive simulations were performed, and the experimental results show that the network algorithm outperforms the well-known greedy algorithm for vertex cover problems.
Synthesis of 14 (<i>R,S</i>)‐[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro‐6‐thia‐heptadecanoic acid (FTHA) (1991)

Abstract No‐carrier‐added (n.c.a) 14( R , S )‐[ 18 F]fluoro‐6‐thia‐heptadecanoic acid (FTHA) has been synthesized for evaluation as a PET tracer for myocardial long chain fatty acid utilization. The n.c.a. nucleophilic radiofluorination of benzyl 14( R , S )‐tosyloxy‐6‐thia‐heptadecanoate in acetonitrile utilized (cryptate 2.2.2/K) 2 CO 3 for anion activation. The resulting [ 18 F]fluoro‐ester was quantitatively hydrolyzed with addition of aqueous KOH and the product purified by reversed phase HPLC. The radiochemical yield of purified FTHA was 35–65% (n=5) with a synthesis time of 50 min. Radiochemical purity was >99%.
A Survey of B2B Methodologies and Technologies: From Business Models towards Deployment Artifacts (2007)

In recent years business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce has been subject to major rethinking. A paradigm shift from document centric file-based interchange of business information to process-centric and service-based information exchange can be observed. On a business level, a lot of work has been done to capture business models and collaborative business processes of an enterprise. On a technical level, the focus in software development is moving towards service-oriented architectures (SOA). These transitions on both levels promise a market entry at lower costs and an easier adjustment to changing market conditions. Hence, an overwhelming quantity of specifications and approaches emerged in the past targeting the area of B2B - these are partly competing and overlapping. In this paper, we provide a survey of the most promising ones at both levels and classify them using the open-edi reference model standardized by ISO. Furthermore, we discuss how individual specifications on different levels fit together - starting from business models via business processes to artifacts ready for deployment
Phase detector for data-clock recovery circuit (2002)

A new type of phase detector which can be used in data-clock recovery circuits is reported. The main feature of the proposed phase detector is that it is free from data dependent jitter, which is the main problem with the Hogge phase detector.
Stress Kinase Signaling Regulates Androgen Receptor Phosphorylation, Transcription, and Localization (2005)

Abstract Activation of signal transduction kinase cascades is known to alter androgen receptor (AR) activity, but the molecular mechanisms are still poorly defined. Here we show that stress kinase signaling regulates Ser 650 phosphorylation and AR nuclear export. In LNCaP prostate cancer cells, activation of either MAPK kinase (MKK) 4:c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) or MKK6:p38 signaling pathways increased Ser 650 phosphorylation, whereas pharmacologic inhibition of JNK or p38 signaling led to a reduction of AR Ser 650 phosphorylation. Both p38α and JNK1 phosphorylated Ser 650 in vitro. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of either MKK4 or MKK6 increased endogenous prostate-specific antigen (PSA) transcript levels, and this increase was blocked by either bicalutamide or AR small interfering RNA. Stress kinase inhibition of PSA transcription is, therefore, dependent on the AR. Similar experiments involving either activation or inhibition of MAPK/ERK kinase:ERK signaling had little effect on Ser 650 phosphorylation or PSA mRNA levels. Ser 650 is proximal to the DNA binding domain that contains a nuclear export signal. Mutation of Ser 650 to alanine reduced nuclear export of the AR, whereas mutation of Ser 650 to the phosphomimetic amino acid aspartate restored AR nuclear export. Pharmacologic inhibition of stress kinase signaling reduced wild-type AR nuclear export equivalent to the S650A mutant without affecting nuclear export of the S650D mutant. Our data suggest that stress kinase signaling and nuclear export regulate AR transcriptional activity.
Root-Specific Expression of <i>OsNAC10</i> Improves Drought Tolerance and Grain Yield in Rice under Field Drought Conditions   (2010)

Drought poses a serious threat to the sustainability of rice (Oryza sativa) yields in rain-fed agriculture. Here, we report the results of a functional genomics approach that identified a rice NAC (an acronym for NAM [No Apical Meristem], ATAF1-2, and CUC2 [Cup-Shaped Cotyledon]) domain gene, OsNAC10, which improved performance of transgenic rice plants under field drought conditions. Of the 140 OsNAC genes predicted in rice, 18 were identified to be induced by stress conditions. Phylogenic analysis of the 18 OsNAC genes revealed the presence of three subgroups with distinct signature motifs. A group of OsNAC genes were prescreened for enhanced stress tolerance when overexpressed in rice. OsNAC10, one of the effective members selected from prescreening, is expressed predominantly in roots and panicles and induced by drought, high salinity, and abscisic acid. Overexpression of OsNAC10 in rice under the control of the constitutive promoter GOS2 and the root-specific promoter RCc3 increased the plant tolerance to drought, high salinity, and low temperature at the vegetative stage. More importantly, the RCc3:OsNAC10 plants showed significantly enhanced drought tolerance at the reproductive stage, increasing grain yield by 25% to 42% and by 5% to 14% over controls in the field under drought and normal conditions, respectively. Grain yield of GOS2:OsNAC10 plants in the field, in contrast, remained similar to that of controls under both normal and drought conditions. These differences in performance under field drought conditions reflect the differences in expression of OsNAC10-dependent target genes in roots as well as in leaves of the two transgenic plants, as revealed by microarray analyses. Root diameter of the RCc3:OsNAC10 plants was thicker by 1.25-fold than that of the GOS2:OsNAC10 and nontransgenic plants due to the enlarged stele, cortex, and epidermis. Overall, our results demonstrated that root-specific overexpression of OsNAC10 enlarges roots, enhancing drought tolerance of transgenic plants, which increases grain yield significantly under field drought conditions.
Non prefix-free codes for constrained sequences (2005)

In this paper we consider the use of variable length non prefix-free codes for coding constrained sequences of symbols. We suppose to have a Markov source where some state transitions are impossible, i.e. the stochastic matrix associated with the Markov chain has some null entries. We show that classic Kraft inequality is not a necessary condition, in general, for unique decodability under the above hypothesis and we propose a relaxed necessary inequality condition. This allows, in some cases, the use of non prefix-free codes that can give very good performance, both in terms of compression and computational efficiency. Some considerations are made on the relation between the proposed approach and other existing coding paradigms
Effects of plant-derived naphthoquinones on the growth of Pleurotus sajor-caju and degradation of the compounds by fungal cultures (2001)

The growth of the white-rot basidiomycete Pleurotus sajor-caju in malt-agar plates was inhibited by three naturally occurring, plant-derived naphthoquinones: juglone, lawsone, and plumbagin. The latter two compounds exerted the most potent antifungal activity, and lawsone killed the mycelium at concentrations higher than 200 ppm. Plates containing juglone and lawsone presented large decolorized areas extending from area of fungal growth, suggesting an extracellular enzymatic degradation of these quinones. Screening of culture plates for extracellular enzymatic activities revealed the presence of both laccase and veratryl alcohol oxidase in most plates, the diffusion of both enzymes matching the decolorized area. In agitated cultures, the presence of juglone was found to stimulate the production of veratryl alcohol oxidase in a significant manner. This is the first time degradation of plant derived naphthoquinones by a white-rot fungus is reported.
Responses of individual antennal olfactory cells of tsetse flies (Glossina m. morsitans) to phenols from cattle urine (1993)

Abstract. Action potentials from olfactory cells in antennae (funiculi) of living tsetse flies, Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood, were recorded using a surface‐contact technique. Stimuli were the vapours of the seven alkylphenols identified in cattle urine: phenol, 3‐methyl‐, 3‐ethyl‐, 3‐ n ‐propyl‐, 4‐methyl‐, 4‐ethyl‐, and 4‐ n ‐propylphenol. In addition, responses to the vapours of 1‐octen‐3‐ol, acetone and dichloromethane were recorded. The phenol‐sensitive cells could be grouped into four subclasses. Subclass, 1, 2 and 3 cells responded to the phenols only, cells of subclass 1 and 2 being activated by these substances, those of subclass 3 inhibited. Cells of subclass 4 were activated to a similar degree by all phenols and by one or more of the other chemicals tested. Subclass 1 cells were strongly activated by the 3‐alkylphenols, whereas subclass 2 cells were most sensitive to 4‐methylphenol. Subclass 3 cells were most strongly inhibited by phenol, and 3‐ and 4‐methylphenol. The results suggest that though individual phenols may be attractive to G. m. morsitans , preference for certain blends of phenols may exist; for example, blends composed of moderate doses of 4‐methylphenol and 3‐methyl‐, 3‐ethyl‐ or 3‐ n ‐propylphenol.
Advances in Instrumented Defect Mapping Technology for Photoreceptors (1998)

Among the factors critical to print quality in electrophotography are defects on the photoreceptor. For the highest level of print quality, reliable quality control methods must be applied to ensure that the photoconductive coating is free of defects. In production environments today, the most commonly used method for examining photoreceptors for defects is visual inspection. The dominance of this method is due to the speed and sensitivity of the human vision system and its image processing and pattern recognition capabilities. However, the weaknesses of visual inspection — its subjectivity and inconsistency — are also well known. Hence, to improve product quality and reduce manufacturing costs, there is a critical need to develop instrumented defect detection methods suitable for production environments. This paper reviews the requirements for such methods and surveys the technologies available. In particular, recent advances in electrostatic mapping are discussed in detail. The capabilities and limitations of electrostatic mapping are examined critically, and opportunities for future development are discussed.
NL understanding with a grammar of constructions (1994)

We present an approach to natural language understanding based on a computable grammar of constructions. A construction consists of a set of features of form and a description of meaning in a context. A grammar is a set of constructions. This kind of grammar is the key element of MINCAL, an implemented natural language speech-enabled interface to an on-line calendar system. The architecture has two key aspects: (a) the use of constructions, integrating descriptions of form, meaning and context into one whole; and (b) the separation of domain knowledge (about calendars) from application knowledge (about the particular on-line calendar).
Pairwise Statistical Significance of Local Sequence Alignment Using Sequence-Specific and Position-Specific Substitution Matrices (2009)

Pairwise sequence alignment is a central problem in bioinformatics, which forms the basis of various other applications. Two related sequences are expected to have a high alignment score, but relatedness is usually judged by statistical significance rather than by alignment score. Recently, it was shown that pairwise statistical significance gives promising results as an alternative to database statistical significance for getting individual significance estimates of pairwise alignment scores. The improvement was mainly attributed to making the statistical significance estimation process more sequence-specific and database-independent. In this paper, we use sequence-specific and position-specific substitution matrices to derive the estimates of pairwise statistical significance, which is expected to use more sequence-specific information in estimating pairwise statistical significance. Experiments on a benchmark database with sequence-specific substitution matrices at different levels of sequence-specific contribution were conducted, and results confirm that using sequence-specific substitution matrices for estimating pairwise statistical significance is significantly better than using a standard matrix like BLOSUM62, and than database statistical significance estimates reported by popular database search programs like BLAST, PSI-BLAST (without pretrained PSSMs), and SSEARCH on a benchmark database, but with pretrained PSSMs, PSI-BLAST results are significantly better. Further, using position-specific substitution matrices for estimating pairwise statistical significance gives significantly better results even than PSI-BLAST using pretrained PSSMs.
Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) Extensions for the Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) Specification (2014)

Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) Extensions for Remote
Direct Memory Access (RDMA) provides the RDMA data transfer capability
to iSCSI by layering iSCSI on top of an RDMA-Capable Protocol. An
RDMA-Capable Protocol provides RDMA Read and Write services, which
enable data to be transferred directly into SCSI I/O Buffers without
intermediate data copies. This document describes the extensions to
the iSCSI protocol to support RDMA services as provided by an RDMA-
Capable Protocol. This document obsoletes RFC 5046.
13.5 A &#x2212;97dBm-sensitivity interferer-resilient 2.4GHz wake-up receiver using dual-IF multi-N-Path architecture in 65nm CMOS (2015)

Wake-up receivers are considered as practical solutions to enable ultra-low-power (ULP) wireless sensor nodes (WSN) in a dense environment. A low data-rate (<;~50kb/s) wake-up receiver (WuRX) should facilitate a long sensor lifetime, optimal network latency and strong interferer resilience. Moreover, such sensor nodes should be ultra-low-cost compact objects. This paper presents a 2.4GHz WuRX with -97dBm sensitivity for 10kb/s and 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> BER, operated from a single 0.5V supply. On-off keying (OOK) modulation has been chosen for its energy efficiency, with a cascaded multilayer N-path filter approach offering superb interferer rejection while avoiding expensive off-chip resonant components such as BAWs or crystals.
Aberrant Tau Phosphorylation by Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β and JNK3 Induces Oligomeric Tau Fibrils in COS-7 Cells (2002)

Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are found in a wide range of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. The major component of NFTs is aberrantly hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated protein tau. Because appropriate in vivo models have been lacking, the role of tau phosphorylation in NFTs formation has remained elusive. Here, we describe a new model in which adenovirus-mediated gene expression of tau, DeltaMEKK, JNK3, and GSK-3beta in COS-7 cells produces most of the pathological phosphorylation epitopes of tau including AT100. Furthermore, this co-expression resulted in the formation of tau aggregates having short fibrils that were detergent-insoluble and Thioflavin-S-reactive. These results suggest that aberrant tau phosphorylation by the combination of these kinases may be involved in "pretangle," oligomeric tau fibril formation in vivo.
Fast, Automatic Ocular Pressure Measurement Based on an Exact Theory (1960)

Several tonometers are described which are simultaneously faster more accurate and more gentle than previous forms. They are easier to use and more convenient to read, and do not generally require anesthesia since their indication is recorded a fraction of a second after they contact the eye. Their principle is such that they can be used while covered with a sterilizable rubber film, thus minimizing risk of infection and clogging of the instrument. New systems of tonography are also described. The factors which allow readings by a component insensitive to variations in corneal curvature, bending forces, tissue tension and surface tension of tears suggest other biological applications such as blood pressure monitoring through intact vessels. A discussion of a number of electronic motion and pressure transducers is included.
Pulse dampener for high pressure liquid chromatography (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPulse dampener for high pressure liquid chromatographyJohn G. Nikelly and Dominic A. VenturaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 9, 1585–1588Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50045a056RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (575 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
WAO Guideline for the Management of Hereditary Angioedema (2012)

: Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) is a rare disease and for this reason proper diagnosis and appropriate therapy are often unknown or not available for physicians and other health care providers. For this reason we convened a group of specialists that focus upon HAE from around the world to develop not only a consensus on diagnosis and management of HAE, but to also provide evidence based grades, strength of evidence and classification for the consensus. Since both consensus and evidence grading were adhered to the document meets criteria as a guideline. The outcome of the guideline is to improve diagnosis and management of patients with HAE throughout the world and to help initiate uniform care and availability of therapies to all with the diagnosis no matter where the residence of the individual with HAE exists.
Immunolocalization of Transforming Growth Factor a and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Lungs of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis (1999)

Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) is expressed in respiratory epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages during development and following lung injury. In the present study, the presence and sites of synthesis of TGF-alpha and its receptor, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), were assessed in lung tissue from patients with severe lung disease caused by cystic fibrosis (CF). Lung sections from 24 individuals with CF, obtained at the time of lung transplantation, were compared to lung sections from five lung donors without CF. Cellular sites of TGF-alpha, EGF-R, and cellular sites of proliferation were assessed by immunohistochemistry. All CF lung sections contained multiple cell types with detectable TGF-alpha. Compared to control sections, intensity of TGF-alpha immunostaining in macrophages, airway epithelial cells, and peribronchial submucosal cells was increased. EGF-R was detected in respiratory epithelial and peribronchial stromal cells but not in alveolar macrophages. The intensity of EGF-R staining in CF lung tissue did not differ from that of controls. An increased number of cells expressing Ki-67 nuclear antigen was detected in peribronchial submucosal cells but not bronchiolar epithelial cells in the CF lungs. The increased expression of TGF-alpha in CF lung tissue supports the concept that TGF-alpha plays a role in paracrine/autocrine regulation of lung remodeling associated with injury and repair in the lungs of individuals with cystic fibrosis.