gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experiential Learning: Exposure to Variability Among Older Adults (2001)

Background and Purpose. In an effort to move away from traditional didactic delivery of course content to a more engaged active learning model, we devised a novel project for physical therapist students within a geriatric course. Our goals were to create a positive learning experience that exposed students to the wide spectrum of older adults, to offer an opportunity for students to practice examination skills, and to introduce students to clinical research. Project Description and Evaluation. The experience, which has been repeated for three classes of students, included student assessment of two disparate samples of older adults: the residents of skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and members of a senior citizens' club. The assessment encompassed impairments and functional measures that have been associated with loss of balance and falls in these populations. Students compared and contrasted the two samples using the data that they collected. Student feedback about the project was consistently positive. Informal feedback from the older adult participants indicated that they also enjoyed the experience.
Evidence for superoxide radical-dependent coronary vasospasm after angioplasty in intact dogs. (1991)

These data provide evidence implicating the superoxide radical in the genesis of vasoconstriction after coronary angioplasty in vivo. Such effects seem to be independent of its conversion to hydroxyl radicals and availability of hydrogen peroxide or catalytic iron complexes.
An overview: maternal nicotine and caffeine consumption and offspring outcome. (1982)

Smoking and caffeine ingestion are the most commonly abused physiologically addictive licit drugs [32]. They have similar neurally facilitative properties and individuals monitor their intake so as to maintain a constant level in blood. As is true of other addictive drugs, tolerance to their effects develops over time resulting in increased consumption. This pattern is fairly small with nicotine and caffeine however. THe effects on offspring outcome of smoking and caffeine use and abuse in gravid women and animal models is the subject of this overview.
A Complex SVD-Polarization Filter for Ground Roll Attenuation on Multi-Component Data (2005)

B019 A complex SVD-polarization filter for ground roll attenuation on multi-component data Summary 1 By their very nature multi-component (3C/9C) datasets provide information on the full wavefield and therefore offer new full wave-field solutions for the ground roll problem. Here we introduce a time-domain 3C complex SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) polarization filter that is optimized to remove most ground roll energy whilst preserving the reflected energy. A 3C Eastern European dataset is used to test filter performance on shot gathers. Finally vertical-component stacks from two polarization filters with different design length are compared to a control stack with no ground
A glass fiber sheet-based electroosmotic lateral flow immunoassay for point-of-care testing (2012)

We have developed a quantitative immunoassay chip targeting point-of-care testing. To implement a lateral flow immunoassay, a glass fiber sheet was chosen as the material for the microfluidic channel in which the negative charge on the fiber surfaces efficiently generates the electroosmotic flow (EOF). The EOF, in turn, allows controllable bound/free separation of antigen/antibody interactions on the chip and enables precise determination of the antigen concentration. In addition, the defined size of the porous matrix was suitable for the filtration of undesired large particles. We confirmed the linear relationship between the concentration of analyte and the resulting fluorescence intensity from the immunoassay of two model analytes, C-reactive protein (CRP) and insulin, demonstrating that analyte concentration was quantitatively determined within the developed chip in 20 min. The limits of detection were 8.5 ng mL(-1) and 17 ng mL(-1) for CRP and insulin, respectively.
Islam and Environmental Protection (2014)

Religion plays a major role-as a harbinger of ethical and moral values. As key repositories of civilizational values, religions can have an important role to play in preaching about environmental ethics. So when the global environmental crises is demanding the attention of human kind with ever increasing urgency, attempts have been made to deal with this crises through a variety of channels such as science, technology and religion. Every major religion contains values, beliefs and ethics that support a conservation ethics Islam is one such Religion which is developing worldviews and ethics that shape our attitudes towards nature. It incorporates teachings that relate to the harmonious existence of humans with their natural environment. This study is an attempt to explore the ethics of environmental protection as preached in Islam.
Analysis of Free Hormone Fractions by an Ultrafast Immunoextraction/Displacement Immunoassay:  Studies Using Free Thyroxine as a Model System (2005)

A system was developed for measuring the noncomplexed or free fraction of a hormone in serum based on the combined use of ultrafast immunoextraction with a chromatographic displacement immunoassay. This approach was tested using L-thyroxine as a model analyte. Items considered in the development of this technique included the choice of immunoassay format and the selection of conditions for removal of thyroxine's free fraction from samples without significant interference from its protein-bound fraction. The final method had an effective extraction time of 90 ms and allowed the amount of free thyroxine to be determined within 30 s after sample injection. The limit of detection was 6 pM (S/N = 3) for a 100-microL sample, and the linear response extended up to at least 100 pM. This technique gave good correlation versus reference methods when used for the determination of free thyroxine in serum samples. Advantages of this method included its speed and its ability to analyze a sample with no pretreatment other than standard filtration. The same approach could be adapted for other hormones or drugs by using appropriate antibodies and labeled analogues for such agents.
Ambient temperature corrected dynamic transmission line ratings at two PG&E locations (1991)

An offline ambient temperature corrected transmission line (T/L) dynamic thermal rating system is being developed at PG&E (Pacific Gas and Electric) to provide T/L ratings 1 to 24 hours ahead based on hourly ambient temperature measurements at a given location. A low minimum 2 ft/s constant wind speed is assumed at all times. Solar radiation is calculated by an analytical solar model assuming clear sky conditions. The IEEE/ANSI ampacity standard is used to calculate T/L ampacity. In the ambient corrected DTR (dynamic thermal rating) system, a stochastic/deterministic model forecasts ambient temperatures. The forecasts and the standard deviations of forecast errors are updated every hour. T/L ratings were evaluated at PG&E locations and gains of up to 34% over the static line ratings were possible at both locations by the proposed DTR system. The benefits and the risk of the ambient corrected DTR system have been quantified.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Robust quantum gates for singlet-triplet spin qubits using composite pulses (2014)

We present a comprehensive theoretical treatment of SUPCODE, a method for generating dynamically corrected quantum gate operations, which are immune to random noise in the environment, by using carefully designed sequences of soft pulses. SUPCODE enables dynamical error suppression even when the control field is constrained to be positive and uniaxial, making it particularly suited to counteracting the effects of noise in systems subject to these constraints such as singlet-triplet qubits. We describe and explain in detail how to generate SUPCODE pulse sequences for arbitrary single-qubit gates and provide several explicit examples of sequences that implement commonly used gates, including the single-qubit Clifford gates. We develop sequences for noise-resistant two-qubit gates for two exchanged-coupled singlet-triplet qubits by cascading robust single-qubit gates, leading to a 35% reduction in gate time compared to previous works. This cascade approach can be scaled up to produce gates for an arbitrary-length spin qubit array, and is thus relevant to scalable quantum computing architectures. To more accurately describe real spin qubit experiments, we show how to design sequences that incorporate additional features and practical constraints such as sample-specific charge noise models and finite pulse rise times. We provide a detailed analysis based on randomized benchmarking to show how SUPCODE gates perform under realistic $1/f^\alpha$ noise and find a strong dependence of gate fidelity on the exponent $\alpha$, with best performance for $\alpha>1$. Our SUPCODE sequences can therefore be used to implement robust universal quantum computation while accommodating the fundamental constraints and experimental realities of singlet-triplet qubits.
Evidence for cdk5 as a Major Activity Phosphorylating Tau Protein in Porcine Brain Extract1 (1995)

The major kinase capable of phosphorylating tau in a porcine brain extract was suggested to be a brain cdc2-like kinase, called cdk5. Tau protein components of microtubules assembled in the brain extract using ATP were phosphorylated to a higher level, and showed a slower electrophoretic mobility than those assembled with GTP. Most of this phosphorylation and electrophoretic mobility shift, that occurred in the brain extract incubated with ATP, were inhibited by butyrolactone I, a specific inhibitor of cdc2 kinase and cdk5. Further, butyrolactone I inhibited phosphorylation of tau exogenously added to the brain extract by approximately 70%. cdk5 purified from porcine brain decreased the electrophoretic mobility of dephosphorylated tau by in vitro phosphorylation of tau to the level present in microtubules polymerized with ATP. cdc2 kinase purified from starfish oocytes also phosphorylated tau and shifted its electrophoretic mobility to an extent greater than that obtained with cdk5. Western blot analysis showed that cdc2 kinase phosphorylated epitopes recognized by SMI31, 33, 34, and tau 1 antibodies in tau proteins , while cdk5 phosphorylated the site recognized by SMI33 (corresponding to phosphorylation at Ser235 in the longest human tau isoform) and partially phosphorylated the tau 1 site. Phosphorylation experiments performed on tau in brain extracts, in the presence of okadaic acid, suggested the presence of both okadaic acid-sensitive and -insensitive phosphatases acting on phosphorylated Ser235. Rat tau that was prepared immediately after decapitation showed a similar phosphorylation state to tau in microtubules polymerized with ATP, suggesting that tau is relatively phosphorylated in vivo.
Phagocytosis of Bioactive Microspheres (1986)

The influence of several proteins on the uptake of microspheres was investigated using mouse peritoneal macrophages. Thioglycollate-stimulated macrophages were cultivated for 3 h with protein-grafted and protein-coated cellulose microspheres smaller than 2 μm in the presence and the absence of serum. Bovine serum albumin reduced the phagocytosis of microspheres, while y-globulin, human fibronectin, bovine tuftsin, and gelatin enhanced the phagocytosis. This trend was not influenced substantially by the presence of serum and the mode of surface binding of the proteins; that is, covalent grafting or physical adsorption (coating). However, in the case of gelatin binding, phagocytosis was greatly enhanced by the presence of serum as compared with the other proteins.
Ab interno trabeculectomy (2010)

Anterior chamber drainage angle surgery, namely trabeculotomy and goniotomy, has been commonly utilized in children for many years. Its' reported success has ranged between 68% and 100% in infants and young children with congenital glaucoma. However, the long-term success of these procedures has been limited in adults presumably due to the formation of anterior synechiae (AS) in the postoperative phase. Recently, ab interno trabeculectomy with the Trabectome™ has emerged as a novel surgical approach to effectively and selectively remove and ablate the trabecular meshwork and the inner wall of the Schlemm's canal in an attempt to avoid AS formation or other forms of wound healing with resultant closure of the cleft. This procedure seems to have an appealing safety profile with respect to early hypotony or infection if compared to trabeculectomy or glaucoma drainage device implantation. This might be advantageous in some of the impoverish regions of the Middle East and Africa where patients experience difficulties keeping up with their postoperative visits. It is important to note that no randomized trial comparing the Trabectome to other glaucoma procedures appears to have been published to date. Trabectome surgery is not a panacea, however, and it is associated with early postoperative intraocular pressure spikes that may require additional glaucoma surgery as well as a high incidence of hyphema. Reported results show that postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) remains, at best, in the mid-teen range making it undesirable in patients with low-target IOP goals. A major advantage of Trabectome surgery is that it does not preclude further glaucoma surgery involving the conjunctiva, such as a trabeculectomy or drainage device implantation. As prospective randomized long-term clinical data become available, we will be better positioned to elucidate the exact role of this technique in the glaucoma surgical armamentarium.
Kinetic Analysis of [<sup>11</sup>C]McN5652: A Serotonin Transporter Radioligand (1999)

The impulse response function of a radioligand is the most fundamental way to describe its pharmacokinetics and to assess its tissue uptake and retention pattern. This study investigates the impulse response function of [11C](+)McN5652, a radioligand used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of the serotonin transporter (SERT) in the brain. Dynamic PET studies were performed in eight healthy volunteers injected with [11C](+)McN5652 and subsequently with its pharmacologically inactive enantiomer [11C](-)McN5652. The impulse response function was calculated by deconvolution analysis of regional time-activity curves, and its peak value (f(max)), its retention value at 75 minutes (fT), and its normalized retention (f(rel) = fT/f(max)) were obtained. Alternatively, compartmental models were applied to calculate the apparent total distribution volume (DV(T)) and its specific binding component (DV(S)). Both the noncompartmental (fT,f(rel)) and the compartmental parameters (DV) were investigated with and without correction for nonspecific binding by simple subtraction of the corresponding value obtained with [11C](-)McN5652. The impulse response function obtained by deconvolution analysis demonstrated high tracer extraction followed by a slow decline in the form of a monoexponential function. Statistical analysis revealed that the best compartmental model in terms of analysis of variance F and condition number of the parameter variance-covariance matrix was the one that was based on a single tissue compartment with parameters k1 and k2 and that also included the parameter of regional cerebral blood volume (BV). The parameter f(rel) demonstrated low between-subject variance (coefficient of variation [CV] = 19%), a midbrain to cerebellum ratio of 1.85, and high correlation with the known density of SERT (r = 0.787 where r is the coefficient of linear correlation between the parameter and the known density of SERT). After correction for nonspecific binding, f(rel) demonstrated further improvement in correlation (r = 0.814) and midbrain to cerebellum ratio (3.09). The variance of the distribution volumes was acceptable when the logarithmic transform lnDV was used instead of DV (17% for the three-parameter model), but correlation of this compartmental parameter was slightly less (r = 0.652 for the three-parameter model) than the correlation of the noncompartmental f(rel) with the known density of SERT, and the midbrain to cerebellum ratio was only 1.5 (uncorrected) and 1.8 (corrected). At the expense of increasing variance, the correlation was increased after correction for nonspecific binding using the inactive enantiomer (r = 0.694; CV = 22%). These results indicate that the kinetics of [11C](+)McN5652 can best be described by a one-tissue compartment model with three parameters (k1, k2, and BV), and that both the noncompartmental parameter f(rel) and the compartmental distribution volumes have the potential for quantitative estimation of the density of SERT. Further validation of the radioligand in experimental and clinical situations is warranted.
Covalent Cell Surface Functionalization of Human Fetal Osteoblasts for Tissue Engineering (2011)

The chemical functionalization of cell-surface proteins of human primary fetal bone cells with hydrophilic bioorthogonal intermediates was investigated. Toward this goal, chemical pathways were developed for click reaction-mediated coupling of alkyne derivatives with cellular azido-expressing proteins. The incorporation via a tetraethylene glycol linker of a dipeptide and a reporter biotin allowed the proof of concept for the introduction of cell-specific peptide ligands and allowed us to follow the reaction in living cells. Tuning the conditions of the click reaction resulted in chemical functionalization of living human fetal osteoblasts with excellent cell survival.
Crear el nacimiento: la medicalización de los conflictos en la reproducción (1991)

RESUMEN. Estudia la experiencia de la reconstruccion de la maternidad en el area de Barcelona y en la decada de los noventa. Es un analisis teorico de los elementos que intervienen en la construccion social de la maternidad. La medicalizacion de la reproduccion se estudia valorando el significado de la tecnologia utilizada por los medicos/as a lo largo del proceso reproductivo y, sobre todo, en la «maternidad conflictiva». Abortar, ser madre soltera o ser infertil son situaciones que muestran las contradicciones entre la construccion social de la maternidad y la vivencia real de esa maternidad. A traves del conflicto se observan los criterios con que las mujeres se integran en los distintos ambitos sociales. Se limita a las generaciones de mujeres en edad de poder procrear que a principios de la decada de los noventa viven en Barcelona. La tasa de natalidad ha ido decreciendo en estos ultimos anos al tiempo que las mujeres barcelonesas se han ido integrando en el mercado laboral y en el ambito academico. Conviene analizar las transformaciones en las relaciones familiares, la vivencia de la sexualidad, el rol de las mujeres, el proceso de medicalizacion y los mecanismos de desigualdad.
Continuous clock amortization need not affect the precision of a clock synchronization algorithm (1990)

Introduction Clock s~nc:hrc~rti~nt.ion is ncedcd in many distribt~I,ecl s~~s~,crns (.o ~rreasurc~ the dvration of c~istril~n~ccl a.c:t,ivilies arid to coordinnt,c the actions of difTc:rcnt processors. 'I'hcrc arc f,wo kinds of clock synchronization alaorilhrns. 11 n in,tcrnnl (:loc
Effect of Syngas Composition and CO<sub>2</sub>-Diluted Oxygen on Performance of a Premixed Swirl-Stabilized Combustor (2007)

Future energy systems based on gasification of coal or biomass for co-production of electrical power and fuels may require gas turbine operation on unusual gaseous fuel mixtures. In addition, global climate change concerns may dictate the generation of a CO2 product stream for end-use or sequestration, with potential impacts on the oxidizer used in the gas turbine. In this study the operation at atmospheric pressure of a small, optically accessible swirl-stabilized premixed combustor, burning fuels ranging from pure methane to conventional and H2-rich and H2-lean syngas mixtures is investigated. Both air and CO2-diluted oxygen are used as oxidizers. CO and NOx emissions for these flames have been determined from the lean blowout limit to slightly rich conditions (ϕ ∼ 1.03). In practice, CO2-diluted oxygen systems will likely be operated close to stoichiometric conditions to minimize oxygen consumption while achieving acceptable NOx performance. The presence of hydrogen in the syngas fuel mixtures results in more compact, higher temperature flames, resulting in increased flame stability and higher NOx emissions. Consistent with previous experience, the stoichiometry of lean blowout decreases with increasing H2 content in the syngas. Similarly, the lean stoichiometry at which CO emissions become significant decreases with increasing H2 content. For the mixtures investigated, CO emissions near the stoichiometric point do not become significant until ϕ > 0.95. At this stoichiometric limit, CO emissions rise more rapidly for combustion in O2–CO2 mixtures than for combustion in air.
Internal Photoemission in a-Si:H Schottky-Barrier and MOS Structures (1981)

Internal photoemission of metal/a-Si: H and metal/SiO 2 /a-Si:H systems have been measured in the temperature range 86 to 300 K. The height of the potential barriers at the Pd/a-Si:H and SiO 2 /a-Si:H interfaces have been determined to be 0.98 and 3.03 eV, respectively. The temperature coefficients of the Schottky barrier height and the optical band gap of a-Si:H have been obtained to be 3.3×10 -4 and 2.7×10 -4 eV/K, respectively. Appreciable quantum yield below the photoemission threshold for an MOS structure is found to be dependent on preparation conditions of a-Si:H , being attributed to electron emission from the filled gap-states in the film.
A simple combined floating and anchored collagen gel for enhancing mechanical strength of culture system (2006)

In this study, a simple combined method consisting of floating and anchored collagen gel in a ligament or tendon equivalent culture system was used to produce the oriented fibrils in fibroblast-populated collagen matrices (FPCMs) during the remodeling and contraction of the collagen gel. Orientation of the collagen fibrils along single axis occurred over the whole area of the floating section and most of the fibroblasts were elongated and aligned along the oriented collagen fibrils, whereas no significant orientation of fibrils was observed in normally contracted FPCMs by the floating method. Higher elasticity and enhanced mechanical strength were obtained using our simple method compared with normally contracted floating FPCMs. The Young's modulus and the breaking point of the FPCMs were dependent on the initial cell densities. This simple method will be applied as a convenient bioreactor to study cellular processes of the fibroblasts in the tissues with highly oriented fibrils such as ligaments or tendons.
High-Level Expression of Single-Chain Fv-Fc Fusion Protein in Serum and Egg White of Genetically Manipulated Chickens by Using a Retroviral Vector (2005)

We report here the generation of transgenic chickens using a retroviral vector for the production of recombinant proteins. It was found that the transgene expression was suppressed when a Moloney murine leukemia virus-based retroviral vector was injected into chicken embryos at the blastodermal stage. When a concentrated viral solution was injected into the heart of developing embryos after 50 to 60 h of incubation, transgene expression was observed throughout the embryo, including the gonads. For practical production, a retroviral vector encoding an expression cassette of antiprion single-chain Fv fused with the Fc region of human immunoglobulin G1 (scFv-Fc) was injected into chicken embryos. The birds that hatched stably produced scFv-Fc in their serum and eggs at high levels (approximately 5.6 mg/ml). We obtained transgenic progeny from a transgenic chicken generated with this procedure. The transgene was stably integrated into the chromosomes of transgenic progeny. The transgenic progeny also expressed scFv-Fc in the serum and eggs.