gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A VoiceFont Creation Framework for Generating Personalized Voices (2005)

This paper presents a new framework for effectively creating VoiceFonts for speech synthesis. A VoiceFont in this paper represents a voice inventory aimed at generating personalized voices. Creating wellformed voice inventories is a time-consuming and laborious task. This has become a critical issue for speech synthesis systems that make an attempt to synthesize many high quality voice personalities. The framework we propose here aims to drastically reduce the burden with a twofold approach. First, in order to substantially enhance the accuracy and robustness of automatic speech segmentation, we introduce a multi-layered speech segmentation algorithm with a new measure of segmental reliability. Secondly, to minimize the amount of human intervention in the process of VoiceFont creation, we provide easy-to-use functions in a data viewer and compiler to facilitate checking and validation of the automatically extracted data. We conducted experiments to investigate the accuracy of the automatic speech segmentation, and its robustness to speaker and style variations. The results of the experiments on six speech corpora with a fairly large variation of speaking styles show that the speech segmentation algorithm is quite accurate and robust in extracting segments of both phonemes and accentual phrases. In addition, to subjectively evaluate VoiceFonts created by using the framework, we conducted a listening test for speaker recognizability. The results show that the voice personalities of synthesized speech generated by the VoiceFont-based speech synthesizer are fairly close to those of the donor speakers.
Compensating the combined effects of absorption and dispersion in plane wave pulse-echo ultrasound imaging using sparse recovery (2013)

We extended our concept for fast image acquisition in pulse-echo ultrasound imaging based on sparse recovery (SR) to compensate for the combined effects of absorption and dispersion. Using measurement data obtained from a multi-tissue phantom (A) and a human thyroid (B, in vivo), we demonstrated that image quality can be significantly improved by this extension. Emitting only two steered plane waves, our extended SR-based concept outperformed synthetic aperture (SA) imaging (128 wave emissions), delay-and-sum beamforming (11 wave emissions), and minimum variance beamforming (11 wave emissions) in terms of contrast for object A. Lateral -6 dB-widths were similar to SA. For object B, SR improved the visibility of anatomical contours in contrast to the algorithms used for comparison.
Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidative Activity of Laurel, Sage, Rosemary, Oregano and Coriander Essential Oils (1998)

Abstract The essential oils obtained from five commercial samples of Sicilian aromatic plants, laurel, sage, oregano, rosemary and coriander were analyzed by GC/MS and assayed for their antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities. Twenty-five different genera of bacteria and one fungal species were used in this study as test organisms. The oils showed a high degree of inhibition against all the microorganisms tested. The highest and broadest activity was shown by the oil of oregano, while the oil of sage was the least effective. The antioxidant activity of the oils was measured by the modified Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Species (TBARS) assay, using egg yolk and rat liver as oxidable substrate, in absence and in presence of the radical inducer 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (ABAP). The activities were compared with those of α-tocopherol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT, butylated hydroxytoluene). The oils showed different effectiveness, the oregano oil being endowed with the highest activity. Chemical components of the oils, lipid composition of die substrates and the increased amount of peroxyl radicals played a fundamental role in establishing the different antioxidant activities of the oils.
Letters to the Editors (2005)

To the Editors: Having read the editorial in Implant Dentistry Volume 13 Number 4, it was aptly entitled “A Significant Role”. Dr. Perel’s admonition for all of us to remember our primary role as oral physicians has a great impact as the opening thought for a journal of such a specialty as implant dentistry. I agree with the theme that we cannot abandon our basics of examination and diagnosis. I often recite mentally the old adage “primum non nocere”. Of course, errors of commission are directly addressed by this tenet of “first do no harm”. The editorial, however, reflects on the errors of omission that are so much more subtle and yet in the case of oral cancer, so much more devastating. I personally have diagnosed two lateral lingual carcinomas in low risk patients; both men in their late 40s with no predisposing habits such as tobacco use or heavy alcohol use. I applaud your reminder to us to embrace our roles as diagnosticians and the great responsibility that comes with that. Brian P. Hogan, DMD Middletown, RI
Interleukin-2 Carbohydrate Recognition Modulates CTLL-2 Cell Proliferation (2001)

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) specifically recognizes high-mannose type glycans with five or six mannosyl residues. To determine whether the carbohydrate recognition activity of IL-2 contributes to its physiological activity, the inhibitory effects of high-mannose type glycans on IL-2-dependent CTLL-2 cell proliferation were investigated. Man(5)GlcNAc(2)Asn added to CTLL-2 cell cultures inhibited not only phosphorylation of tyrosine kinases but also IL-2-dependent cell proliferation. We found that a complex of IL-2, IL-2 receptor alpha, beta, gamma subunits, and tyrosine kinases was formed in rhIL-2-stimulated CTLL-2 cells. Among the components of this complex, only the IL-2 receptor alpha subunit was stained with Galanthus nivalis agglutinin which specifically recognizes high-mannose type glycans. This staining was diminished after digestion of the glycans with endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H or D, suggesting that at least a N-glycan containing Man(5)GlcNAc(2) is linked to the extracellular portion of the IL-2 receptor alpha subunit. Our findings indicate that IL-2 binds the IL-2 receptor alpha subunit through Man(5)GlcNAc(2) and a specific peptide sequence on the surface of CTLL-2 cells. When IL-2 binds to the IL-2Ralpha subunit, this may trigger formation of the high affinity complex of IL-2-IL-2Ralpha, -beta, and -gamma subunits, leading to cellular signaling.
<title>Optical proximity effects in submicron photomask CD metrology</title> (2000)

Understanding how optical proximity effects (OPE) influence critical dimension (CD) measurements of photomasks and wafers in semiconductor manufacturing has been a subject of intense interest and investigation for many years. OPE, caused by the convolution of the intensity profiles of adjacent lines, introduces errors in the determination of the line edge position, and in turn the linewidth. This paper models several imaging systems using the Optical Transfer Function analysis method and discusses some results from an ongoing study to devise methods for calibrating CD mask metrology tools, and evaluates several different imaging objects and line measurement algorithms as to their sensitivity to the influences of OPE in the measurement of binary masks.
Effective use of multimedia for computer-assisted musical instrument tutoring (2007)

This paper presents a survey of recent work in computer-assisted musical instrumental tutoring and outlines several questions to consider when developing future projects. In particular, we suggest that the area ingreatest need of computer assistance is enhancing daily practice: both motivating students to practice through games and multimedia, and providing an objective analysis of the students' performance. Many existing projects attempt to replace human teachers by providing lessons during daily practice; in most cases, these "daily lessons" are not necessary.
An adaptive robust LMS employing fuzzy step size and partial update (2005)

We propose a fuzzy step size least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm, in which an appropriate step size is selected by a fuzzy inference system (FIS) to achieve faster convergence rate and lower steady-state fluctuation. An adaptive fuzzy sequential partial update scheme is developed to reduce system complexity without trading off bit-error rate (BER) and convergence/tracking performance. Simulations of a DS-CDMA interference suppression receiver illustrate the robust convergence and tracking behavior of the proposed LMS-based approaches with various fuzzy input vectors and fuzzy sets. The performance advantages of the proposed algorithms over other LMS algorithms in multipath Rayleigh-fading channels are investigated as well.
La place de l'orthoptie dans le protocole de rééducation de l'enfant infirme moteur cérébral (IMC) (1994)

La reeducation orthoptique s'integre dans la prise en charge globale de l'enfant IMC. Les alterations visuelles sont de deux sortes: - celles temoin du syndrome moteur - celles qui ne le sont pas. La reeducation orthoptique tente de reduire les perturbations visuo-motricesen visant des objectifs prealablement definis
Prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus subgroups A and B in France from 1982 to 1990 (1991)

A fluorescence antibody test with monoclonal antibodies was used to determine the subgroup (A or B) of respiratory syncytial virus from infants hospitalized in Caen, France, over eight consecutive epidemics from 1982 to 1990. From 1982 to 1985, 27 (30%) out of 90 frozen nasal slides were classified as subgroup A strains and 63 (70%) were classified as subgroup B. B strains predominated over A in 1983-1984 and 1984-1985. From 1985 to 1990, 284 respiratory syncytial virus field strains were reisolated from frozen materials; 115 (40.5%) were typed as subgroup A and 169 (59.5%) were typed as subgroup B. In 1985-1986, 1986-1987, and 1988-1989, both subgroups were present in almost equal numbers; subgroup A (88.3%) predominated in 1987-1988, and subgroup B (84.5%) predominated in 1989-1990. In conclusion, both subgroups occur together each year, and one subgroup rarely predominates, e.g., subgroup A in 1987-1988 and subgroup B in 1983-1984 and 1989-1990. Therefore, there is a gradual change of the predominant subgroup into another over a period of about 5 years; the relative frequency of subgroup A strains increased from 1983 to 1988, whereas the percentage of subgroup B decreased during the same period.
Anti-amnesic and neuroprotective potentials of the mixed muscarinic receptor/sigma<sub>1</sub>(σ<sub>1</sub>) ligand ANAVEX2-73, a novel aminotetrahydrofuran derivative (2010)

Tetrahydro-N, N-dimethyl-2, 2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73) binds to muscarinic acetylcholine and sigma(1) (σ(1)) receptors with affinities in the low micromolar range. We characterized its anti-amnesic and neuroprotective potentials in pharmacological and pathological amnesia models. Spatial working memory was evaluated using spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze and non-spatial memory using passive avoidance procedures. ANAVEX2-73 (0.01-3.0 mg/kg i.p.) alleviated the scopolamine- and dizocilpine-induced learning impairments. ANAVEX2-73 (300 µg/kg) also reversed the learning deficits in mice injected with Aβ(25-35) peptide, a non-transgenic Alzheimer's disease model. When the drug was injected simultaneously with Aβ(25-35), 7 days before the tests, it blocked the appearance of learning impairments. This protective activity was confirmed since ANAVEX2-73 blocked the Aβ(25-35)-induced oxidative stress in the hippocampus. This effect was differentially sensitive to the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine or the σ(1) protein antagonist BD1047, confirming the mixed muscarinic/σ(1) pharmacological action. Finally, its unique demethyl metabolite, ANAVEX19-144, was also effective and ANAVEX2-73 presented a longer duration of action, effective 12 h before Aβ(25-35), than its related compound ANAVEX1-41. The neuroprotective activity of ANAVEX2-73, its mixed cholinergic/σ(1) activity, its low active dose range and its long duration of action together reinforce its therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease.
p-Substituted Phenyl Isothiocyanates and Some Related Thioureas (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTp-Substituted Phenyl Isothiocyanates and Some Related ThioureasR. L. McKee and R. W. BostCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 12, 2506–2507Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1946https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01216a022RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views275Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (256 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The clinical potential of influencing Nrf2 signaling in degenerative and immunological disorders (2014)

Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2; encoded in humans by the NFE2L2 gene) is a transcription factor that regulates the gene expression of a wide variety of cytoprotective phase II detoxification and antioxidant enzymes through a promoter sequence known as the antioxidant-responsive element (ARE). The ARE is a promoter element found in many cytoprotective genes; therefore, Nrf2 plays a pivotal role in the ARE-driven cellular defense system against environmental stresses. Agents that target the ARE/Nrf2 pathway have been tested in a wide variety of disorders, with at least one new Nrf2-activating drug now approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Examination of in vitro and in vivo experimental results, and taking into account recent human clinical trial results, has led to an opinion that Nrf2-activating strategies - which can include drugs, foods, dietary supplements, and exercise - are likely best targeted at disease prevention, disease recurrence prevention, or slowing of disease progression in early stage illnesses; they may also be useful as an interventional strategy. However, this rubric may be viewed even more conservatively in the pathophysiology of cancer. The activation of the Nrf2 pathway has been widely accepted as offering chemoprevention benefit, but it may be unhelpful or even harmful in the setting of established cancers. For example, Nrf2 activation might interfere with chemotherapies or radiotherapies or otherwise give tumor cells additional growth and survival advantages, unless they already possess mutations that fully activate their Nrf2 pathway constitutively. With all this in mind, the ARE/Nrf2 pathway remains of great interest as a possible target for the pharmacological control of degenerative and immunological diseases, both by activation and by inhibition, and its regulation remains a promising biological target for the development of new therapies.
Remote double bond migration via rhodium catalysis: a novel enone transposition (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRemote double bond migration via rhodium catalysis: a novel enone transpositionPaul A. Grieco, Mugio Nishizawa, Nebojsa Marinovic, and William J. EhmannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 22, 7102–7104Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00438a073https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00438a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1294Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[The metabolic syndrome. Pathophysiologic causes, diagnosis, therapy]. (1994)

The individual components of the metabolic syndrome such as central obesity, dyslipidemia with increased triglycerides and decreased HDL-cholesterol, hyperuricemia, hypertension and progressive glucose intolerance are markers for an increased risk of atheroma and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes. All components, with the exception of hyperuricemia, are associated with skeletal muscle insulin resistance, leading to compensatory chronic hyperinsulinemia. Insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia, in turn, is associated with a series of hypertensiogenic and atherogenic side effects, aggravating the individual components of the metabolic syndrome. From a more pathophysiologically orientated point of view, early identification of individuals obviously at risk for atheroma and type 2 diabetes, as well as early intervention aimed at the improvement of reduced insulin action may play a central role in an integrated life-style approach of primary prevention of atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes.
Dual Roles of Immunoregulatory Cytokine TGF-β in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmunity-Mediated Organ Damage (2008)

Ample evidence suggests a role of TGF-beta in preventing autoimmunity. Multiorgan inflammatory disease, spontaneous activation of self-reactive T cells, and autoantibody production are hallmarks of autoimmune diseases, such as lupus. These features are reminiscent of the immunopathology manifest in TGF-beta1-deficient mice. In this study, we show that lupus-prone (New Zealand Black and White)F(1) mice have reduced expression of TGF-beta1 in lymphoid tissues, and TGF-beta1 or TGF-beta1-producing T cells suppress autoantibody production. In contrast, the expression of TGF-beta1 protein and mRNA and TGF-beta signaling proteins (TGF-beta receptor type II and phosphorylated SMAD3) increases in the target organs, i.e., kidneys, of these mice as they age and develop progressive organ damage. In fact, the levels of TGF-beta1 in kidney tissue and urine correlate with the extent of chronic lesions that represent local tissue fibrosis. In vivo TGF-beta blockade by treatment of these mice with an anti-TGF-beta Ab selectively inhibits chronic fibrotic lesions without affecting autoantibody production and the inflammatory component of tissue injury. Thus, TGF-beta plays a dual, seemingly paradoxical, role in the development of organ damage in multiorgan autoimmune diseases. According to our working model, reduced TGF-beta in immune cells predisposes to immune dysregulation and autoantibody production, which causes tissue inflammation that triggers the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as TGF-beta in target organs to counter inflammation. Enhanced TGF-beta in target organs, in turn, can lead to dysregulated tissue repair, progressive fibrogenesis, and eventual end-organ damage.
<i>Aetideus</i> and <i>Euaetideus</i> (copepoda: Calanoida) from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (1971)

Abstract The genus Euaetideus Sars, 1925 is here merged with Aetideus Brady, 1883 (Copepoda : Calanoida : Aetideidae). Three new species of the genus Aetideus are described from the Pacific as well as the males of three other known species. A key is given to the known males and females in the genus Aetideus . The closely related genera Paivella and Snelliaetideus are compared with Aetideus .
Aromatic L‐Amino Acid Decarboxylase Activity of Mouse Striatum Is Modulated via Dopamine Receptors (1993)

Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) activity is enhanced in the striatum of control and MPTP-treated mice after administration of a single dose of the dopamine receptor antagonists haloperidol, sulpiride, and SCH 23390. MPTP-treated mice appear more sensitive to the antagonists, i.e., respond earlier and to lower doses of antagonists than control mice. The rise of AAAD activity induced by the antagonists is prevented by pretreatment with cycloheximide. The apparent Km values for L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) and pyridoxal 5-phosphate appear unchanged after treatment with the antagonists. Increased AAAD activity was observed also after subchronic administration of dopamine receptor antagonists or treatment with reserpine. A single dose of a selective dopamine receptor agonists had no effect on AAAD activity. In contrast, administration of L-DOPA, quinpirole, or SKF 23390 for 7 days lowers AAAD activity in the striatum. We conclude that AAAD is modulated in striatum via dopaminergic receptors.
Total Synthesis of (<i>R</i>,<i>S</i>)-Sophoraflavanone C (1998)

Sophoraflavanone C, a C-8 geranylflavanone natural product originally isolated from Echinosophora koreensis, has been synthesized in racemic form in six steps, starting from 2,4, 6-trihydroxyacetophenone and 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde.
Dynamic Switching-Frequency Scaling: Scheduling Overcommitted Domains in Xen VMM (2010)

Virtualization enables multiple guest operating systems run on a single physical platform. These virtual machines may host any types of application, including concurrent HPC programs. Traditionally, VMM schedulers have focused on fairly sharing the processor resources among domains, rarely consider VCPUs’ behaviors. However, this can result in poor application performance to overcommitted domains if there are concurrent programs hosted in them. In this paper we review the properties of both Xen’s Credit and SEDF schedulers, and show how these schedulers may seriously impact the performance of the communication-intensive and I/O-intensive concurrent applications in overcommitted domains. We discuss the origination of the problem theoretically, and confirm the derived conclusion on benchmarks. A novel approach, that dynamically scales the context switching-frequency by selecting variable time slices according to VCPUs` behaviors, is then proposed to improve the Credit scheduler more adaptive for concurrent applications. The experimental results show that this extended Credit scheduler can improve the performance of communication-intensive and I/O-intensive concurrent applications in overcommitted domains to the same magnitude as in undercommitted domains.