gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative ease of separation of mixtures of selected nuisance anions (nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, phosphate) using Octolig® (2009)

Mixtures of sodium salts of nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, and phosphate were prepared in relative amounts present in atomic waste containers with a view to effect removal by chromatography over Octolig, commercially available material with polyethylenediamine moieties covalently attached to high-surface area silica gel. Separation was attempted using aqueous solutions and column chromatography with Octolig. It is presumed that this material is capable of removing the anions by means of encapsulation. Matrix effects were tested by varying the relative concentrations. Rates of elution were varied 5-fold without adverse effect. The order of selectivity was found to be phosphate > sulfate > nitrite > nitrate through experiments altering the volume and relative concentrations. Quantitative removal of all anions (375 ppm of each) could be achieved given reasonable volumes of Octolig. An effort at regeneration by altering the pH of the eluant indicated the stability of the encapsulated anions.
Chain Elongation of Raffinose in Pea Seeds (2002)

Raffinose oligosaccharides are major soluble carbohydrates in seeds and other tissues of plants. Their biosynthesis proceeds by stepwise addition of galactose units to sucrose, which are provided by the unusual donor galactinol (O-alpha-d-galactopyranosyl-(1-->1)-l-myo-inositol). Chain elongation may also proceed by transfer of galactose units between raffinose oligosaccharides. We here report on the purification, characterization, and heterologous expression of a multifunctional stachyose synthase (EC ) from developing pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds. The protein, a member of family 36 of glycoside hydrolases, catalyzes the synthesis of stachyose, the tetrasaccharide of the raffinose series, by galactosyl transfer from galactinol to raffinose. It also mediates the synthesis of the pentasaccharide verbascose by galactosyl transfer from galactinol to stachyose as well as by self-transfer of the terminal galactose residue from one stachyose molecule to another. These activities show optima at pH 7.0. The enzyme also catalyzes hydrolysis of the terminal galactose residue of its substrates, but is unable to initiate the synthesis of raffinose oligosaccharides by galactosyl transfer from galactinol to sucrose. A minimum reaction mechanism which accounts for the broad substrate specificity and the steady-state kinetic properties of the protein is presented.
Detecting nondeterminacy in parallel programs (1992)

Methods and tools for detecting nondeterminacy in programs for shared-memory multiprocessors are discussed. The approach described divides the debugging chore into two phases. The first phase uses tools that automatically detect nondeterminacy to debug synchronization errors, assuming it is decided at the outset to make the parallel program determinate. At the end of this phase, it is known that the program is determinate, that timing differences will not affect results, and the debugging sessions are repeatable. In the second phase, an interactive break-point debugger is used to find arithmetic and logical errors. The proposed tools fall into two groups: those that statically analyze the source program and those that analyze an execution trace of the program.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Invertebrate Animal Models of Diseases as Screening Tools in Drug Discovery (2007)

Invertebrate animal models (mainly the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster) are gaining momentum as screening tools in drug discovery. These organisms combine genetic amenability, low cost, and culture conditions compatible with large-scale screens. Their main advantage is to allow high-throughput screening in a physiological context. On the down side, protein divergence between invertebrates and humans causes a high rate of false negatives. Despite important limitations, invertebrate models are an imperfect yet much needed tool to bridge the gap between traditional in vitro and preclinical animal assays.
JCCC Collections Focus Contemporary American Indian Art (2010)

Since its dedication in November, 2009, the college's Contemporary American Indian art installation is the most visited collection site on campus for all docent-guided educational tours.
Structural and Functional Characterization of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> CmtR, a Pb<sup>II</sup>/Cd<sup>II</sup>-Sensing SmtB/ArsR Metalloregulatory Repressor (2005)

The SmtB/ArsR family of prokaryotic metalloregulators are winged-helix transcriptional repressors that collectively provide resistance to a wide range of both biologically required and toxic heavy-metal ions. CmtR is a recently described Cd(II)/Pb(II) regulator expressed in Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is structurally distinct from the well-characterized SmtB/ArsR Cd(II)/Pb(II) sensor, Staphylococcus aureus plasmid pI258-encoded CadC. From functional analyses and a multiple sequence alignment of CmtR paralogs, M. tuberculosis CmtR is proposed to bind Pb(II) and Cd(II) via coordination by Cys57, Cys61, and Cys102 [Cavet et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278, 44560-44566]. We establish here that both wild-type and C102S CmtR are homodimers and bind Cd(II) and Pb(II) via formation of cysteine thiolate-rich coordination bonds. UV-vis optical spectroscopy, (113)Cd NMR spectroscopy (delta = 480 ppm), and (111m)Cd perturbed angular correlation (PAC) spectroscopy suggest two or three thiolate donors in the wild-type protein. Cys57 and Cys61 anchor the coordination complex, while Cys102 plays only an accessory role in stabilizing the metal chelate in the free protein because C102S CmtR binds Cd(II) and Zn(II) with only approximately 10-20-fold lower affinity relative to wild-type CmtR but approximately 100-1000-fold lower for Pb(II). Quantitative investigation of CmtR-cmt O/P binding equilibria using fluorescence anisotropy, however, reveals that Cys102 functions as a key allosteric metal ligand, because substitution of Cys102 abrogates disassembly of oligomeric CmtR-cmt O/P oligomeric complexes. The implications of these findings on the evolution of distinct metal-sensing sites in a family of homologous proteins are discussed.
OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FIBERS MADE OF ARSENIC CHALCOGENIDES (2001)

Optical and mechanical characteristics of optical fibers made of high-purity chalcogenide glasses of As-S, As-S-Se, As-Se and Ge-As-Se systems, intended for operation in the middle IR, are given. The fibers from As-S glass will be useful for transmission of IR-radiation in the 1-7 microns spectral region, the fibers on the basis of As-Se and Ge-As-Se glass systems-in the 2-12 microns region. The multimode fibers from arsenic-sulfide and arsenic-selenide glasses have the minimum optical losses equal to 23 ± 8 dB/km and 79 ±10 dB/km at 2.4 and 4.5 microns, respectively. The average bending strength of As-S glass fibers (with diameter of 350-400 microns) is from 1.0 up to 1.2 GPa, and from 0.4 up to 0.8 GPa for the fibers made of As-Se and Ge-As-Se glasses. The single-mode fibers from As-S glasses have the minimum optical losses from 200 up to 400 dB/km in the 1.3- 3 microns wavelength region. The choice of the glasses compositions for the fiber core and reflecting cladding which provides the given numerical aperture and the mode parameters in the required spectral region is discussed. The features of modal distribution of radiation along the arsenic-sulfide fiber length were explored.
How the Performance of a Superconducting Magnet is affected by the Connection between a \nsmall cooler and the Magnet (2005)

As low temperature cryocoolers become more frequently used to cool superconducting magnets, it becomes increasingly apparent that the connection between the cooler and the magnet has an effect on the design and performance of the magnet. In general, the use of small coolers can be considered in two different temperature ranges; 1) from 3.8 to 4.8 K for magnet fabricated with LTS conductor and 2) from 18 to 35 K for magnets fabricated using HTS conductor. In general, both temperature ranges call for the use of a two-stage cooler. The best method for connecting a cooler to the magnet depends on a number of factors. The factors include: 1) whether the cooler must be used to cool down the magnet from room temperature, 2) whether the magnet must have one or more reservoirs of liquid cryogen to keep the magnet cold during a loss of cooling, and 3) constraints on the distance from the cooler cold heads and the magnet and its shield. Two methods for connecting low temperature coolers to superconducting magnets have been studied. The first method uses a cold strap to connect the cold heads directly to the loads. This method is commonly used for cryogen-free magnets. The second method uses a thermal siphon and liquid cryogens to make the connection between the load being cooled and the cold head. The two methods of transferring heat from the magnet to the cooler low temperature cold head are compared for the two temperature ranges given above.
The synthesis and ionization constants of some derivatives of 1-biphenylenol (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe synthesis and ionization constants of some derivatives of 1-biphenylenolJack Hine, Soonkap Hahn, David E. Miles, and Kyunghye AhnCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 25, 5092–5096Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00225a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00225a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views863Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fast confidential search for bio-medical data using Bloom filters and Homomorphic Cryptography (2012)

Data protection is a challenge when outsourcing medical analysis, especially if one is dealing with patient related data. While securing transfer channels is possible using encryption mechanisms, protecting the data during analyses is difficult as it usually involves processing steps on the plain data. A common use case in bioinformatics is when a scientist searches for a biological sequence of amino acids or DNA nucleotides in a library or database of sequences to identify similarities. Most such search algorithms are optimized for speed with less or no consideration for data protection. Fast algorithms are especially necessary because of the immense search space represented for instance by the genome or proteome of complex organisms. We propose a new secure exact term search algorithm based on Bloom filters. Our algorithm retains data privacy by using Obfuscated Bloom filters while maintaining the performance needed for real-life applications. The results can then be further aggregated using Homomorphic Cryptography to allow exact-match searching. The proposed system facilitates outsourcing exact term search of sensitive data to on-demand resources in a way which conforms to best practice of data protection.
Dependence of fiber strength on time, temperature, and relative humidity (1994)

The most critical variable effecting the strength of silica lightguides is the availability of water to the fiber surface. At very low temperatures (T < 77 °K) and at high vacuum (PH2O < i07 torr) the thermodynamic activity of water is so low that mechanical failure of the fiber occurs by the direct breaking of Si-O-Si bonds. In this case very high strength (- 12-14 GPa) and very slight time dependence (formula available in paper) are expected. Also an activation energy comparable to the SiO bond energy is observed (- 100 kcals/mol). On the other hand, under normal conditions (T - 0- 100°C and normal relative humidity), the strength and time dependence are controlled by the combination of stress and the reactivity of water with the fiber surface: SiO2 + H2O = SiOH HOSi. In this case the time dependence of strength is very much greater (n 20) and the activation energy is approximately 30 kcaI/mol.2 Because of this rather extreme time dependence, the short time tensile strength (say tf = 10 sees) is only about 5.5 GPa and will be reduced again by a factor of 2 (to = 2.8 GPa) in about one week. A subject which continues to be discussed and studied is the proper analytical description of this time dependence. In this regard, Bubel and Matthewson3 have studied the behavior of several proposed models for time dependence. They find that the differences in predicted lifetimes from the models differs significantly. In particular they suggest that the universal use of the optimistic power law is not appropriate.
Introduction to electrets (1973)

A short review will be given of the types of electret in terms of their electrostatic configuration: dipolar, internal space charge (heteroplar), injected space charge (homopolar), and deposited charge (monopolar). The methods used to make thermo-, photo-, electro-, and surface electrets will be described. The internal fields, short-circuiting effect, stability, limitation due to air breakdown, charge measurement, charge storage, and trapping levels will be discussed.
Enhancement of Fracture Healing With Autogenous and Allogeneic Bone Grafts (1998)

The factors contributing to a delayed union or nonunion are many. In general they may be divided into three major categories: deficiencies in vascularity and angiogenesis, deficiencies in the robustness of the chondroosseous response, and deficiencies in stability, strain, or physical continuity. Frequently, deficiencies in more than one category are present, thus complicating the approach to therapy. For a bone grafts to enhance fracture healing, it must provide or stimulate that which is deficient. Autogenous fresh cancellous and cortical bone most frequently are used, but other common grafts include allogeneic frozen, freeze dried, or processed allogeneic cortical, corticocancellous and cancellous grafts, and demineralized bone matrix. These grafts have varying capacities to provide active bone formation, to induce bone formation by cells of the surrounding soft tissue, and to serve as a substrate for bone formation. However, the graft cannot exert its biologic activity in isolation, dependent as it is on the surrounding environment for cells to respond to its signals and, in some cases, for blood supply. The mechanical environment of the graft site is also important. Successful graft incorporation requires that an appropriate match must be made between the biologic activity of a bone graft, the condition of the perigraft environment, and the mechanical environment. The task of the clinician who performs a bone grafting procedure for the enhancement of fracture healing is to choose the right graft or combination of grafts for the biologic and mechanical environment into which the graft will be placed.
Identifying Dynamic Interactors of Protein Complexes by Quantitative Mass Spectrometry (2007)

Dynamically interacting proteins associate and dissociate with their binding partners at high on/off rates. Although their identification is of great significance to proteomics research, lack of an efficient strategy to distinguish stable and dynamic interactors has hampered the efforts toward this goal. In this work, we developed a new method, MAP (mixing after purification)-SILAC (stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture), to quantitatively investigate the interactions of protein complexes by mass spectrometry. In combination with the original SILAC approach, stable and dynamic components were effectively distinguished by the differences in their relative abundance ratio changes. We applied the newly developed strategies to decipher the dynamics of the human 26 S proteasome-interacting proteins. A total of 67 putative human proteasome-interacting proteins were identified by the MAP-SILAC method among which 14 proteins would have been misidentified as background proteins due to low relative abundance ratios in standard SILAC experiments and 57 proteins have not been reported previously. In addition, 35 of the 67 proteins were classified as stable interactors of the proteasome complex, whereas 16 of them were identified as dynamic interactors. The methods reported here provide a valuable expansion of proteomics technologies for identification of important but previously unidentifiable interacting proteins.
Do You Have Snowblower Safety Tips (2002)

Before the snow is knee deep in your driveway, it would be wise to review the operating instructions and safety precautions for your snowblower.Most snowblower injuries occur in the early winter season during heavy snowfall Consider the following tips for safety.
Pathways to Functionalized Heterocycles: Propargyl Rearrangement using B(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (2015)

The reactions of propargyl amides, ureas, carbamates, and carbonates with B(C6F5)3 proceed via an intramolecular 5-exo-dig cyclization across the alkyne unit to yield the corresponding vinyl borate species. The generated sp2 carbocation is stabilized by the flanking heteroatoms, allowing for isolation of oxazoline intermediates. The fate of these intermediates is strongly dependent upon the propargyl-functionalized starting material, with the carbamates and carbonates undergoing a ring-opening mechanism (propargyl rearrangement) to give cyclic allylboron compounds, while prolonged heating of the urea derivatives shows evidence of oxazole formation. In a deviation away from the reactivity of carbamates stated previously, the benzyl carbamate substrate undergoes dealkylation at the benzylic position, liberating 5-methyloxazol-2-(3H)-one.
Dual iris based human identification (2011)

In this paper, a dual iris based human identification system that increases the accuracy and the performance of a typical human iris recognition system is proposed. The system detects and then isolates and extracts the iris region from eye image. It then sets the radial and angular resolution for the extracted iris region and maps the circular region into rectangular polar coordinates according to the resolutions. This polar image is then convolved with 1D log Gabor filter and phase of the response is quantized to four levels to generate the binary iris template and its corresponding mask. The Hamming distance between two iris templates is computed to find out if the templates are generated from the same iris or not. The conventional method measures this Hamming Distance using iris images from a single eye. However, the proposed method takes images from both eyes simultaneously for comparison process which shows an increased accuracy and performance. Using the proposed method CASIA Iris database V3, false positive rate and false negative rate were found to be 0% and 9.96% respectively while the overall accuracy was 99.92%.
Transition-metal dioxides with a bulk modulus comparable to diamond (1998)

Recently it has been reported that a high-pressure cubic phase of ruthenium dioxide has an unusually large bulk modulus, and consequently is a most interesting candidate as a very hard material. Based on ab initio calculations it is shown that the high bulk modulus is a result of a strong covalent bonding between ruthenium $d$ states and oxygen $p$ states in combination with the favorable geometry of the orbitals in the fluorite structure. In addition an even higher bulk modulus is predicted for the isoelectronic and isostructural compound ${\mathrm{OsO}}_{2}.$
Determination of the Nature of Naphthenic Acids Present in Crude Oils Using Nanospray Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry:  The Continued Battle Against Corrosion (2003)

Recent research has shown that the corrosivity of naphthenic acids is related to their molecular mass and that the "total acid number" (TAN), traditionally used as an indicator of the naphthenic acid content of an oil, is not as reliable as first believed. The presence of naphthenic acids in crude oils leads to the corrosion of oil refinery equipment, with the oil industry incurring costs that will ultimately be passed on to the consumer. With regard to these concerns, mass spectrometry has been increasingly applied to the investigation of the naphthenic acid content of crude oils. To ascertain the nature of the species present, however, it is necessary to utilize an ionization technique that does not result in fragmentation, ensuring the detection only of molecular species which provide useful information about the sample constitution. In the following investigation, negative ion mode nanospray Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry has been applied to the analysis of crude oil samples, providing insight into the different acidic species that were present. Use of the negative ion mode to allow the selective observation of the naphthenic acids and the inherent high mass accuracy and ultrahigh resolution of FTICR mass spectrometry ensure that this technique is very well suited to the characterization of naphthenic acids within a crude oil sample. Determination of the nature of the naphthenic acids present provides vital information, such as the acids' sizes and composition, which may be used in the battle against corrosion and also used to fingerprint samples from different oil fields.
Some developments and applications of the optical lever (1961)

The history of the optical lever is briefly reviewed from its invention by Poggendorf in 1826 to the recognition by Ising in 1926 of Brownian fluctuations of a galvanometer in the records obtained by Moll and Burger in 1925 with their thermoelectric relay.