gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of (<i>E</i>)-2-((1,4-Dimethylpiperazin-2-ylidene)amino)-5-nitro-<i>N</i>-phenylbenzamide, ML336: Novel 2-Amidinophenylbenzamides as Potent Inhibitors of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (2014)

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an emerging pathogenic alphavirus that can cause significant disease in humans. Given the absence of therapeutic options available and the significance of VEEV as a weaponized agent, an optimization effort was initiated around a quinazolinone screening hit 1 with promising cellular antiviral activity (EC50 = 0.8 μM), limited cytotoxic liability (CC50 > 50 μM), and modest in vitro efficacy in reducing viral progeny (63-fold at 5 μM). Scaffold optimization revealed a novel rearrangement affording amidines, specifically compound 45, which was found to potently inhibit several VEEV strains in the low nanomolar range without cytotoxicity (EC50 = 0.02-0.04 μM, CC50 > 50 μM) while limiting in vitro viral replication (EC90 = 0.17 μM). Brain exposure was observed in mice with 45. Significant protection was observed in VEEV-infected mice at 5 mg kg(-1) day(-1) and viral replication appeared to be inhibited through interference of viral nonstructural proteins.
Multi gap switch for Marx generators (2001)

A new gas switch for Marx generators is presented that is designed for a /spl plusmn/100 kV charge voltage. The trigger electrode divides the switch into two parts (positive and negative), each with three intermediate electrodes. The charge voltage is evenly distributed between these electrodes with a corona discharge. This allows safe operation of the switch when filled with air at pressures of about 3 atm. This report presents the design of the switch, and test results on a test bed and in a Marx bank.
Effect of Dietary Calcium Phosphate and Zinc Supplementation on Whole Body Zinc Concentration of Rainbow Trout (<i>Salmo gairdneri</i>) (1985)

Groups of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were fed casein–gelatin diets supplemented with calcium phosphate (Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) to produce dietary calcium and phosphorus levels of 1,2, or 4% and 0.9,1.5, or 2.4%, respectively (low, medium, or high calcium phosphate), and supplemented with 20 μg Zn/g diet as ZnSO 4 , zinc proteinate, or ZnSO 4 + EDTA (1000 μg/g). Dietary calcium phosphate levels had no significant effect on weight gain of the fish, although the fish fed the high dietary calcium phosphate level were smaller than the rest. Dietary zinc supplementation had no effect on growth, but significantly increased whole body zinc levels in fish fed diets containing low or medium calcium phosphate. In fish fed diets containing low calcium phosphate, the zinc supplements all increased whole body zinc concentrations. In fish fed diets containing medium calcium phosphate, supplementation with zinc proteinate resulted in higher whole body zinc values than supplementation with other zinc sources. Dietary zinc supplementation did not increase whole body zinc concentrations above control levels in fish fed the experimental diets containing high calcium phosphate. We conclude that increased dietary levels of calcium phosphate reduced whole body zinc concentration of rainbow trout and that 20 μg Zn/g diet was insufficient to overcome this reduction at the highest dietary calcium phosphate level regardless of the form of zinc supplement used.
Holographic Laser Visor Mock-Up (1981)

The goal of this program was to show that a holographic reflector added to a pilot's visor can provide laser eye protection which has advantages over that which can be provided by other means such as the addition to an absorbing dye.
56 The impact of statin therapy on the efficacy of eplerenone (2005)

Peer Reviewed
Novel Osteogenic Ti-6Al-4V Device For Restoration Of Dental Function In Patients With Large Bone Deficiencies: Design, Development And Implementation (2016)

Custom devices supporting bone regeneration and implant placement are needed for edentulous patients with large mandibular deficiencies where endosteal implantation is not possible. We developed a novel subperiosteal titanium-aluminum-vanadium bone onlay device produced by additive manufacturing (AM) and post-fabrication osteogenic micro-/nano-scale surface texture modification. Human osteoblasts produced osteogenic and angiogenic factors when grown on laser-sintered nano-/micro-textured surfaces compared to smooth surfaces. Surface-processed constructs caused higher bone-to-implant contact, vertical bone growth into disk pores (microCT and histomorphometry), and mechanical pull-out force at 5 and 10 w on rat calvaria compared to non surface-modified constructs, even when pre-treating the bone to stimulate osteogenesis. Surface-modified wrap-implants placed around rabbit tibias osseointegrated by 6 w. Finally, patient-specific constructs designed to support dental implants produced via AM and surface-processing were implanted on edentulous mandibular bone. 3 and 8 month post-operative images showed new bone formation and osseointegration of the device and indicated stability of the dental implants.
Continuous Loading Consolidation Testing Using a Microcomputer for Control and Data Acquisition (1986)

An overview of some of the methods of one-dimensional consolidation testing currently in use is presented, including the load-increment test, the constant rate of strain test, the constant pore-pressure gradient test, and the continuous loading test. The principle of the continuous loading test is discussed, and the apparatus used to perform the test is described. The performance of the test requires constant monitoring of the pore pressure at the base of the specimen, and control of the axial load on the sample to maintain a constant ratio between the axial load and the pore pressure at the base of the specimen. Previously, these tests have been performed using a minicomputer to monitor the pore pressure and control the axial load, but use of relatively inexpensive microcomputer makes the system practical for virtually any soils laboratory.
Tree coding of bilevel images (1998)

Presently, sequential tree coders are the best general purpose bilevel image coders and the best coders of halftoned images. The current ISO standard, Joint Bilevel Image Experts Group (JBIG), is a good example. A sequential tree coder encodes the data by feeding estimates of conditional probabilities to an arithmetic coder. The conditional probabilities are estimated from co-occurrence statistics of past pixels, the statistics are stored in a tree. By organizing the code length calculations properly, a vast number of possible models (trees) reflecting different pixel orderings can be investigated within reasonable time prior to generating the code. A number of general-purpose coders are constructed according to this principle. Rissanen's one-pass algorithm, context, is presented in two modified versions. The baseline is proven to be a universal coder. The faster version, which is one order of magnitude slower than JBIG, obtains excellent and highly robust compression performance. A multipass free tree coding scheme produces superior compression results for all test images. A multipass free template coding scheme produces significantly better results than JBIG for difficult images such as halftones. By utilizing randomized subsampling in the template selection, the speed becomes acceptable for practical image coding.
Levels of Avenanthramides and Activity of Hydroxycinnamoyl‐C<scp>o</scp>A:Hydroxyanthranilate <i>N</i>‐Hydroxycinnamoyl Transferase (HHT) in Steeped or Germinated Oat Samples (2003)

ABSTRACT Concentrations of avenanthramides and activity of the biosynthetic enzyme hydroxycinnamoyl‐C o A:hydroxyanthranilate N ‐hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HHT) were analyzed in dry or, steeped nonmilled or milled, non‐heat‐treated (raw) or heat‐treated oat samples ( Avena sativa L.). Increased avenanthramide concentrations were found when intact raw groats were steeped. The increase was time‐ and temperaturedependent and maximal after 10 hr of steeping at 20°C. Continuous germination in air, after steeping, only contributed to a further increase in avenanthramides when steeping times were shorter than 10 hr. Concentrations of avenanthramides and HHT activity were positively correlated during steeping of intact groats at 8 and 20°C. The increase in avenanthramides was suggested to be due to de novo synthesis and a whole grain structure seemed to be required as no increase was found when groats were milled before steeping. Avenanthramide levels also increased when heat‐treated samples, lacking HHT activity, were steeped. This increase may be due to release of bound forms, possibly formed during the preceding heat treatment.
Alternate Matrix Material for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Electrolyte Structures (1982)

The preparation and physicochemical characteristics of crystallites suitable for use as the matrix for liquid alkali carbonates in fuel cells are presented. The preparation utilizes a fugitive molten alkali chloride solvent to effect product formation. The product, following separation from the reaction medium, is composed of submicron, relatively uniformly shaped and sized, monodispersed crystallites. Data are presented on the utilization of this material in both hot‐pressed and impregnation fabricated electrolyte structures. Data from the preliminary fuel cell evaluation of such structures are also presented.
Isovalent Doping Strategy for Manganese Introduction into III-V Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Nanoparticles:  InP:Mn (2005)

III−V based diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) nanoparticles of In(1-x)MnxP (x ≤ 0.0135) have been prepared by slow heating of the reagents in trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) or by high-temperature injection of reagents dissolved in trioctylphosphine (TOP) into hot TOPO. The materials were prepared using either Mn(II) or Mn(III) salts as dopants and the resulting nanoparticles have diameters ranging from 2.95 ± 0.39 to 4.77 ± 0.73 nm, as determined from transmission electron micrographs. Chemical analysis of surface-exchanged samples revealed the incorporation of Mn into the crystal lattice with up to 6 Mn atoms per 3.4-nm diameter particle, or the equivalence of ∼1020 Mn atoms/cm3 in a zinc blende bulk lattice. The InP:Mn nanoparticles exhibited a red shift in the room-temperature photoluminescence of 0.02−0.03 eV relative to that for pure InP nanoparticles. Electron paramagnetic resonance studies suggest that the Mn atoms mostly reside near the surface and are Mn2+, regardless of the oxidation state of the precursor. The magnetic susceptibility of surface-exchanged nanoparticles doped with Mn(III) exhibited a paramagnetic behavior with a magnetic moment of 5.9 μB/Mn atom, consistent with 5 unpaired spins (S = 5/2 state). The successful incorporation of isovalent Mn to produce Mn2+ with a corresponding hole may represent a valuable strategy for production of ferromagnetic DMS nanoparticles based on arsenide systems, where the hole is coupled to the metal center and delocalized through the pnictide framework.
Profiling Pancreatic Cancer-Secreted Proteome Using 15N Amino Acids and Serum-Free Media (2009)

Our method of labeling protein with N amino acids in conjunction with serum-free cell culture allows the identification of actively secreted proteins from pancreatic cancer cells and is a useful method for serum biomarker discovery.
Leg-Robot with MR Clutch to Realize Virtual Spastic Movements (2010)

In this study, we propose a leg-shaped robot (Leg-Robot) with a magnetorheological fluid clutch (MRFC) to demonstrate virtual haptic of spastic movements of brain-injured patients. The MRFC installed in this system makes it safer than conventional direct-driven robots. At the same time, the MRFC also improves quality of haptic to mimic the human-like reactions. This system is useful to learn diagnosis methods of physical therapy for its trainees. In this article, basic structure and mechanism of the Leg-Robot are explained. Then, control methods and experimental results of three types of spastic movements are described.
The associative-skew clock routing problem (1999)

We introduce the associative skew clock routing problem, which seeks a clock routing tree such that zero skew is preserved only within identified groups of sinks. The associative skew problem is easier to address within current EDA frameworks than useful-skew (skew-scheduling) approaches, and defines an interesting tradeoff between the traditional zero-skew clock routing problem (one sink group) and the Steiner minimum tree problem (n sink groups). We present a set of heuristic building blocks, including an efficient and optimal method of merging two zero-skew trees such that zero skew is preserved within the sink sets of each tree. Finally, we list a number of open issues for research and practical application.
The Synthesis and Evaluation of P (AMPS-IPAM-AM) as a Filtration Reducer (2010)

A copolymer P(AMPS-IPAM-AM) is synthesized with acrylamide,N-isopropyl acrylamide and 2-acry-lamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid as raw materials in a redox system. Influences of concentrations of monomer(raw materials) and reaction temperature on the property of final products are analyzed. Using IR the molecular structure of the copolymer is studied. Studies on the effect of the copolymer on drilling fluid properties are conducted. It is shown that the best synthesis conditions for P(AMPS-IPAM-AM) are as follows:n(IPAM) ∶n(AM+IPAM) = 0.7 ～0.8,n(IPAM+AM) ∶n(AMPS) = 0.8～1.0. Temperature of polymerization is 35 ℃. Final products obtained in these conditions have good temperature stability,and work very well as a filtrate reducer in fresh water,salt water,saturated saltwater and composite salt water drilling fluids,even after ageing at 220 ℃. Compared with P(AMPS-AM) ,which performs effectively as filtrate reducer at temperatures up to 180 ℃,P(AMPS-IPAM-AM) works at temperatures up to 200 ℃,and is also better than P(AMPS-AM) in composite saltwater drilling fluids.
Effect of the efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg- -naphthylamide on the MIC values of the quinolones, tetracycline and chloramphenicol, in Escherichia coli isolates of different origin (2004)

Sir, The main mechanisms of quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli include mutations in the gyrA and parC target genes and decreased intracellular accumulation.1 Active efflux pumps are important for intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance, and overexpression of efflux pumps affecting quinolones is becoming increasingly common in E. coli. Recently, efflux pump inhibitors have been investigated with a view to improving and potentiating the activity of exported antibiotics.2 Phe-Arg-β-naphthylamide has been described as a broad-spectrum efflux pump inhibitor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.2 The effect of this inhibitor on fluoroquinolone susceptibilities in Enterobacter aerogenes,3 E. coli,4 P. aeruginosa,2 Acinetobacter baumannii5 and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia5 has also been studied, but not for nalidixic acid and other antimicrobial agents in E. coli. Therefore in this study, we analysed the influence of the Phe-Arg-β-naphthylamide (Sigma) inhibitor on the activity of quinolones, chloramphenicol and tetracycline against a collection of 60 E. coli isolates previously characterized with respect to amino acid changes in both GyrA and ParC proteins.6,7 The collection includes the strain Nor5, an in vitro selected quinolone-resistant mutant, in which the overexpression of MarA, SoxS and AcrA has been shown (J. Vila, B. Peter, J. Sanchez-Cespedes & M. Tario, unpublished data). The remaining 59 isolates were recovered from foods (n = 11), humans (n = 25) and animals (n = 23). Susceptibilities to nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin were studied by agar dilution in the presence or absence of 20 mg/L of Phe-Arg-β-naphthylamide, in accordance with NCCLS guidelines. All of the 60 E. coli isolates showed an MIC value of >256 mg/L to Phe-Arg-β-naphthylamide. Table 1 shows the effect of 20 mg/L of the inhibitor Phe-Arg-β-naphthylamide on the MIC values of the five tested antibiotics in 60 E. coli isolates with different numbers of amino acid changes in GyrA and T ab le 1 . M IC v al ue s (i n m g/ L ) of th e fi ve te st ed a nt ib io tic s in th e pr es en ce o r ab se nc e of 2 0 m g/ L o f P he -A rg β -n ap ht hy la m id e in a s er ie s of 6 0 E . c ol i i so la te s or ga ni ze d
Three Molecular Structures Cause Rhesus D Category VI Phenotypes With Distinct Immunohematologic Features (1998)

Rhesus D category VI (DVI) is the clinically most important partial D. DVI red blood cells were assumed to possess very low RhD antigen density and to be caused by two RHD-CE-D hybrid alleles. Because there was no population-based work-up, we screened three populations in central Europe for DVI. Twenty-six DVI samples were detected and examined by exon-specific RHD polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). A new genotype, hereby designated D category VI type III, was characterized as a RHD-Ce(3-6)-D hybrid allele by sequencing of the cDNA, parts of intron 1, and by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of intron 2. Rhesus introns 5 and 6 were sequenced and the 3' breakpoints of all known DVI types shown to be distinct. We differentiated the 5' breakpoints of DVI type I and DVI type II by a newly devised RHD-PCR. Thus, the DVI phenotype originated in at least three independent molecular events. Each DVI type showed distinct immunohematologic features in flow cytometry. The number of RhD proteins accessible on the red blood cells' surface of DVI type III was normal (about 12,000 antigens/cell; DVI type I, 500; DVI type II, 2,400) based on the determination of an RhD epitope density profile. DVI type II and DVI type III occurred as CDe haplotypes, and DVI type I as a cDE haplotype. The distribution of the DVI types varied significantly in three German-speaking populations. Genotyping strategies should take account of allelic variations in partial RhD. The reconsideration of previous serologic and clinical data for partial D in view of the underlying molecular structures may be worthwhile.
Effects of Natural Convection in the Melted Region Around a Heated Horizontal Cylinder (1980)

Two heat transfer modes are involved in the process of melting around a heated horizontal cylinder: conduction and convection. The magnitude of convection is proportional to the Rayleigh number based on the width of the melted region. The importance of natural convection increases with time. For a short period after the beginning of melting, heat transfer is dominated by conduction. A regular perturbation solution is presented to demonstrate the increasing effect of natural convection on the melting process.
The Relationship between Mindfulness, Emotion Regulation and Mental Well-being among Academic Staff Educators at the Faculty of Nursing (2015)

Mindfulness is necessary for educators to become aware of and regulate their thoughts, emotions and behaviors so as to more effectively manage stress and enhance psychological well being. Bringing awareness to emotional experiences in a way that is compassionate and nonjudgmental, may facilitate a healthy involvement with emotions. Aim: To identify the relationship between mindfulness, emotional regulation and mental wellbeing among nursing educators at Faculty of nursing. Setting; The study was conducted at the faculty of nursing at Alexandria university. Subjects: The study subjects comprised 82 nursing educators who respond to a questionnaire from total population 148 staff member educators. Tools: Four tools were used for data collection, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, (FFMQ), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale(WEMWBS). Results: a positive and significant correlation between mindfulness, emotional regulation, and mental well-being among the studied nursing educators were found. Conclusion: The present study replicates and extends previous research showing that mindfulness was significantly and positively correlated with higher levels of cognitive appraisal of emotional regulation and greater well-being among nursing educators. Recommendations: the present research suggests that acquiring the skills of learning and practicing mindfulness techniques is potentially useful for academic staff mental well-being state, focusing on all facets of mindfulness specially technique of being non judgmental
Signal transduction defect in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and AIDS-related complex. (1993)

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), AIDS-related complex (ARC), and heterosexual controls were stimulated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), or both and 3H thymidine incorporation and IL-2 receptor (IL-2R alpha; CD25; Tac antigen) expression were measured. In addition, basal plasma membrane potential and plasma membrane potential following anti-CD3 stimulation were compared between the three groups. A significantly reduced DNA synthesis and CD25 expression was observed in both AIDS and ARC upon stimulation with anti-CD3 or PMA. Although, a significant synergism was observed with anti-CD3 plus PMA stimulation in both AIDS and ARC, and the responses were normalized to the levels of anti-CD3 or PMA response in normal control, the levels were significantly lower than those observed with anti-CD3 plus PMA in controls. Plasma membrane potentials were decreased (membrane depolarized) in both ARC and AIDS (AIDS > ARC), and anti-CD3 had no effect on further depolarization of plasma membrane in AIDS. These data suggest a defect in signal transduction pathway in patients with HIV-1 infection.
Endovascular Stent-Graft in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: The Relationship between Patent Vessels that Arise from the Aneurysmal Sac and Early Endoleak (2001)

Sac branch vessel patency is associated with significantly higher early total and type 2 endoleak rates after stent-graft repair of AAAs; thus, patent sac branches play an important role in the pathogenesis of endoleaks.
At-speed board test simplified via embeddable data trace/compaction IC (2002)

The architecture and operation of an 1149.1-based digital bus monitor (DBM) IC is described. The ability of the DBM to monitor at-speed signal transfers between ICs in real time provides a method of monitoring the functional operation of circuits assembled on board and multichip module substrates. Such tests can be used to reveal timing sensitive and/or intermittent failures that would otherwise not be detectable without the use of external testers and mechanical probing fixtures. This test approach may, in some cases, reduce the cost to manufacture and support a product by reducing the need for test equipment in both factory and field environments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
(Co)polymers of <scp>L</scp>‐lactide, 1. Synthesis, thermal properties and hydrolytic degradation (1994)

Abstract Copolymers of L ‐lactide with D ‐lactide According to IUPAC the name dilactide is preferred to lactide. , glycolide IUPAC name: diglycolide. , ε‐caprolactone and trimethylene carbonate, and networks with spiro‐bis‐dimethylene‐carbonate (2,4,7,9‐tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane‐3,8‐dione) were prepared in bulk at standardized polymerization conditions. The properties of the nascent copolymers were evaluated with respect to the nature of the comonomer. Copolymerization with comonomers entailing low glass transition temperature simultaneously reduces the crystallinity. 300 MHz 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance is shown to be a useful technique for the determination of the average monomer sequence lengths in ε‐caprolactone and trimethylene carbonate copolymers. The presence of crystallizable L ‐lactide sequences, due to differences in monomer reactivity, has a large effect on the thermal properties of the copolymer as well as on the long‐term degradation characteristics.