gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Asynchronous double-gate polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors for AM-OLED pixel circuits (2012)

A novel 2T1C pixel circuit design for active matrix organic light emitting diodes (AM-OLEDs) based on the asynchronous double-gate low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (LTPS-TFTs) is proposed and verified by SPICE simulation. First, we simulate and verify the asynchronous double-gate polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors; then, we simulate the transient response of this pixel circuit; last, the simulation solutions are compared with those of traditional 2T1C pixel circuits. The results show that this pixel circuit has good driving ability and high immunity to the variation of poly-Si TFT characteristics.
Intensive Cytokine induction in Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus Infection Accompanied by Robust Production of IL-10 and IL-6 (2011)

A comprehensive innate immune response was activated at the early stage of P(H1N1) infection with a combine Th1/Th2/Th3 cytokines production. As disease progression, a systemic production of IL-6 and IL-10 were observed in severe P(H1N1) patients. Further analysis found a strong correlation between IL-6 and IL-10 production in the severe P(H1N1) patients. IL-6 may be served as a mediator to induce IL-10 production. Highly elevated level of sera IL-6 and IL-10 in P(H1N1) patients may lead to disease progression, but the underlying mechanism awaits further detailed investigations.
A class-AB high-speed low-power operational amplifier in BiCMOS technology (1996)

A BiCMOS op-amp is described which exploits BiCMOS technology to obtain very high transconductance, slew-rate, and fast small-signal-settling response. The absence of vertical PNP transistor requires the op-amp to use a wideband, composite PMOS-vertical-NPN structure as a substitute for PNP transistors to realize a class-AB input stage of an op-amp. The AC small-signal equivalent circuit of the input stage is analyzed and methods for optimizing the nondominant pole positions to obtain fast settling are given. Measurements in the unity-gain buffer configuration indicate maximum slew-rates of 150 V//spl mu/s (rising) and 280 V//spl mu/s (falling) and a transconductance of 20 mS at a quiescent power of 20 mW from 5 V supply using a 0.8-/spl mu/m BiCMOS process with peak f/sub T/ of 11 GHz.
Desialylated Platelets Are Cleared From the Circulation by the Hepatic Asialoglycoprotein Receptor, (2011)

Abstract Abstract 3257 The regulatory mechanisms of platelet homeostasis remain elusive. We investigated here the role of hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor (a.k.a. Ashwell-Morell receptor) in platelet clearance. Mice lacking the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor Asgpr2 subunit had increased platelet survivals (T1/2 = 49.5±2h) when compared to wild type (WT, T1/2 = 31±4h) mice. Consequently, Asgpr2−/− mice had platelet counts increased by ∼20%, compared to WT, with increased terminal galactose exposure, as demonstrated using the galactose specific lectin RCA1. Bone marrow and spleen megakaryocyte numbers were reduced by ∼15% and ∼20% in Asgpr2−/− mice, compared to WT mice. Sialidase (NA, Clostidium perfringens, 50mU/mice) maximally desialylated circulating platelets when injected intravenously, as evidenced by increased RCA1 binding. Sialidase injection resulted in a ∼60% depletion of circulating platelets after 24h in Asgpr2−/− mice, compared to >90% in WT mice, indicating that desialylated platelets were partially removed by Asgpr1/2. In contrast to platelets, red blood cell counts were unaffected by sialidase treatment. Sialidase injection for 72h resulted in a 2.3-fold and 1.2-fold increase in megakaryocyte numbers in the spleen and bone marrow of WT mice, respectively, but not in Asgpr2−/− mice. In contrast to sialidase treatment, injections of rabbit anti-mouse platelet serum (RAMPS) depleted >95% of circulating platelets and increased by 70% bone marrow, but not spleen MK numbers in both WT and Asgpr2−/− mice. The data shows that removal of desialylated, i.e, senescent, platelets by the hepatic Ashwell-Morell receptor differs to that of antibody-mediated platelet clearance. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Waveguide coupled terahertz photoconductive antennas: Toward integrated photonic terahertz devices (2008)

We demonstrate the operation of a low temperature GaAs photoconductive antenna pumped via a monolitically integrated AlGaAs based dielectric waveguide using 100fs pulses at 860nm. This technology demonstrates the feasibility of monolithically integrating dielectric waveguides and fast photoconductivity terahertz materials. We also demonstrate convenient pumping normal to the surface of the waveguide device via a surface grating coupler fabriacted using a gallium focused ion beam. Our initial results show a ∼10% optical coupling efficiency into the photomixer element. We attribute this low coupling efficiency to unoptimized processing techniques.
Rey-Martinez Kangaroo Mother Program: An Alternative Way of Caring for Low Birth Weight Infants? One Year Mortality in a Two Cohort Study (1994)

In spite of major baseline differences between studied cohorts, the survival of LBW infants in Bogotá is similar between the KMI and the "traditional care". Questions remain about quality of life, especially regarding weight gain and neurodevelopment, that may be answered by a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Increased Gene Expression by the First Intron of Maize <i>Shrunken-1</i> Locus in Grass Species (1989)

The first intron of the shrunken-1 (Sh1) locus of maize was incorporated into constructs containing the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene (CAT) coupled with the nopaline synthase 3' polyadenylation signal. Transcription was driven with the 35S promoter of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) or the Sh1 promoter of maize. Transient gene expression was monitored following electroporation into protoplasts of Panicum maximum (guineagrass), Pennisetum purpureum (napiergrass), or Zea mays (maize). The 1028 base pair intron increased gene expression in cells of each species when transcription was driven with the 35S promoter. Eleven to 91-fold increases were observed. Expression levels observed in maize were two and eight times those observed in napiergrass and guineagrass, respectively. The 35S promoter gave CAT activity 10 to 100 times that observed with the Sh1 promoter. Whereas expression driven by the 35S promoter was reproducible, that observed with the Sh1 promoter proved quite variable. In similar constructs the first intron of the alcohol dehydrogenase-1 (Adh1) gene of maize led to increased gene expression of only 7 to 10% of that observed with the Sh1 first intron. The increased level of gene expression caused by the Sh1 first intron is approximately 10 times higher than that caused by any other plant introns that have been used. Thus, the Sh1 first intron may prove quite useful in increasing expression of foreign genes in monocots and possibly other plants.
Synthesis and biological activity of various 3'-azido and 3'-amino analogs of 5-substituted pyrimidine deoxyribonucleosides (1983)

Various new 5-substituted 3'-azido- and 3'-amino derivatives of 2'-deoxyuridine and 2'-deoxycytidine have been synthesized and biologically evaluated. Among these compounds, 3'-amino-2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluorouridine (3), 3'-amino-2',3'-dideoxycytidine (7a), and 3'-amino-2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluorocytidine (7c) were found to be the most active against murine L1210 and sarcoma 180 neoplastic cells in vitro, with an ED50 of 15 and 1 microM, 0.7 and 4 microM, and 10 and 1 microM, respectively. The 3'-azido derivatives, 2 and 6c, were less active in comparison with their 3'-amino counterparts. In addition, the 5-fluoro-3'-amino nucleosides, 3 and 7c, were tested against L1210 leukemia bearing CDF1 mice. Our preliminary findings indicate that compound 7c (6 X 200 mg/kg) was as active as the positive control, 5-fluorouracil (6 X 20 mg/kg), yielding a T/C X 100 of 146 and 129, respectively. However, 3 was found to be inactive in this experiment.
Selective Inhibitors of Human Neuraminidase 1 (NEU1) (2018)

Inhibitors of human neuraminidase enzymes (NEU) are recognized as important tools for the study of the biological functions of NEU and will be potent tools for elucidating the role of these enzymes in regulating the repertoire of cellular glycans. Here we report the discovery of selective inhibitors of the human neuraminidase 1 (NEU1) and neuraminidase 2 (NEU2) enzymes with exceptional potency. A library of modified 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro- N-acetylneuraminic acid (DANA) analogues, with variability in the C5- or C9-position, were synthesized and evaluated against four human neuraminidase isoenyzmes (NEU1-4). Hydrophobic groups with an amide linker at the C5 and C9 positions were well accommodated by NEU1, and a hexanamido group was found to give the best potency at both positions. While the C5-hexanamido-C9-hexanamido-DANA analogue did not show synergistic improvements for combined modification, an extended alkylamide at an individual position combined with a smaller group at the second gave increased potency. The best NEU1 inhibitor identified was a C5-hexanamido-C9-acetamido-DANA that had a K<sub>i</sub> of 53 ± 5 nM and 340-fold selectivity over other isoenzymes. Additionally, we demonstrated that C5-modifications combined with a C4-guandino group provided the most potent NEU2 inhibitor reported, with a K<sub>i</sub> of 1.3 ± 0.2 μM and 7-fold selectivity over other NEU isoenzymes.
Solubility of Inulin (1933)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolubility of InulinE. Yanovsky and R. M. KingsburyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1933, 55, 9, 3658–3663Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1933Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1933https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01336a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01336a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views790Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
유아과학수업의 효과적 컨설팅을 위한 수업분석 도구 개발 및 타당화 연구 (2014)

본 연구는 유치원 과학수업 컨설팅 시 활용할 수 있는 과학수업 분석도구를 개발하고 그 타당도를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 과학수업 분석도구는 계획(안)과 실행 두 부분으로 구성된다. 먼저, 과학수업 계획(안) 분석도구 개발을 위해, 문헌분석을 통해 교육과정, 과학내용, 유아이해, 수업설계 측면에서 관련 요소를 추출하고 이를 다시 실제 계획안 작성을 위한 구체적인 단계, 즉 활동선정, 활동목표, 활동내용, 교육과정 관련요소, 교수방법, 수업자료 및 매체, 평가의 7개 절차별로 총 25개의 요소를 개발하였다. 또한 과학수업 실행 분석도구 개발을 위해, 역시 문헌 분석을 통해 과학수업 실행 순서인 도입, 전개, 마무리 측면에서 관련요소를 추출하고 3개 절차별로 총 29개의 요소를 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 과학수업분석도구는 교육과정 및 과학수업 전문가, 수업설계 전문가 5인과 유아과학수업 컨설턴트 교사 10인에 의한 1차 검토와 과학수업 분석도구를 실제 컨설팅에 적용한 후 사용성 평가 및 심층면담을 통한 2차 검토를 통해 최종적으로 개발되었다. 과학수업 분석도구의 각 문항별 타당도는 3.7∼4.6으로 평균 이상의 점수를 나타내었으며 사용성 평가에서도 4.36의 높은 점수를 나타내었다. 또한 과학수업 분석을 위한 체계적이고 구체적인 근거와 기준, 수업진행순서와 수업분석 순서의 일치로 인한 수월성, 컨설턴트로서의 수업분석 능력 및 안목을 길러줄 수 있는 역할이 가능함을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 개발한 유아과학수업 분석도구는 과학수업 전문성을 향상시킬 수 있는 효과적인 수업컨설팅 방안이 될 수 있다.
New Cleavase <sup>®</sup> Fragment Length Polymorphism Method Improves the Mutation Detection Assay (2000)

Cleavase Fragment Length Polymorphism (CFLP) analysis is a convenient, accurate and highly sensitive method for the detection and localization of nucleic acid mutations. The assay is well suited for high-throughput screening and can be used to detect mutations in known and unknown nucleic acid samples. A recent improvement in the CFLP assay termed "temperature ramping" or "ramping" is reported here. This procedural improvement eliminates the need for time and temperature optimizations before the actual sample analysis. In this study, we compare the CFLP ramping procedure to the conventional CFLP optimization procedure and demonstrate equal, and in some cases improved, detection of point mutations. With ramping, CFLP reactions are identical for all DNA fragments analyzed, which allows for increased sample throughput, decreased assay time and lower overall cost.
Compensation and trimming for silicon micromechanical resonators and resonator arrays for timing and spectral processing (2011)

This dissertation reports very novel solutions for the trimming and compensation of various parameters of silicon micromechanical resonators and resonator-arrays. Post-fabrication trimming of resonance frequency to a target value is facilitated by diffusing in a deposited thin metal layer into a Joule-heated silicon resonator. Up to ~400 kHz of trimming-up and trimming-down in a 100 MHz Silicon Bulk Acoustic Resonators (SiBARs) are demonstrated via gold and aluminum diffusion respectively. The dependence of the trimming range on the duration of Joule heating and value of current passed are presented and the possibility of extending the trimming range up to ~4 MHz is demonstrated. Passive temperature compensation techniques are developed to drastically reduce the temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) of silicon resonators. The dependence of TCF on the charge carriers in silicon are extensively studied and exploited for the very first time to achieve temperature compensation. A charge surplus via degenerate doping using boron and aluminum is shown to reduce a starting TCF of -30 ppm/°C to -1.5 ppm/°C while a charge depletion effected by creating multiple pn-junctions reduces the TCF to -3 ppm/°C. Further, shear acoustic waves in silicon microresonators have also been identified to effect a TCF reduction and have been excited in a concave SiBAR (or CBAR) to exhibit a TCF that is 15 ppm/°C lesser than that of a conventional rectangular SiBAR. The study on quality factor (Q) sensitivity to the various crystallographic axis of transduction in silicon resonators show that the non-repeatability of Q across various fabrication batches are due to the minor angular misalignment of ≤ 0.5° during the photolithography processes. Preferred axes of transduction for minimal misalignment sensitivity are identified and novel low-loss resonator-array type performances are also reported from a single resonator while transduced along certain specific crystallographic axes. Details are presented on an unprecedented new technique to create and fill charge traps on the silicon resonator which allows the operation of the capacitive SiBARs without the application of any polarization voltages (Vp) for the first time, making them very attractive candidates for ultra-low-power oscillator and sensor applications. Finally, a fabrication process that integrates both the capacitive and piezoelectric actuation/sensing schemes in microresonators is developed and is shown to compensate for the parasitics in capacitive silicon resonators while maintaining their high-Q.
Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction (2001)

I. INTRODUCTION This report has been produced at the request of the International Continence Society (ICS). It was approved at the 28th annual meeting of the society in Jerusalem.The terminology used in neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction developed over the years, deﬁned by neurologists, neurological, and urological surgeons. Because of the particular intents of each specialist, confusion exists on the various terminologies used and on their deﬁnitions. The International Continence Society did not deﬁne in detail the procedures and conditions in neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction. During our discussions the need for standardization of this terminology became obvious.
Comparison of Binding and Block Produced by Alternatively Spliced Kvβ1 Subunits (1996)

Voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels consist of alpha subunits complexed with cytoplasmic Kvbeta subunits. Kvbeta1 subunits enhance the inactivation of currents expressed by the Kv1 alpha subunit subfamily. Binding has been demonstrated between the C terminus of Kvbeta1.1 and a conserved segment of the N terminus of Kv1.4, Kv1.5, and Shaker alpha subunits. Here we have examined the interaction and functional properties of two alternatively spliced human Kvbeta subunits, 1.2 and 1.3, with Kvalpha subunits 1.1, 1.2, 1.4, and 1.5. In the yeast two-hybrid assay, we found that both Kvbeta subunits interact specifically through their conserved C-terminal domains with the N termini of each Kvalpha subunit. In functional experiments, we found differences in modulation of Kv1alpha subunit currents that we attribute to the unique N-terminal domains of the two Kvbeta subunits. Both Kvbeta subunits act as open channel blockers at physiological membrane potentials, but hKvbeta1.2 is a more potent blocker than hKvbeta1.3 of Kv1.1, Kv1.2, Kv1.4, and Kv1. 5. Moreover, hKvbeta1.2 is sensitive to redox conditions, whereas hKvbeta1.3 is not. We suggest that different Kvbeta subunits extend the range over which distinct Kv1alpha subunits are modulated and may provide a variable mechanism for adjusting K+ currents in response to alterations in cellular conditions.
Bacteriophage Therapy: Advances in Formulation Strategies and Human Clinical Trials (2015)

Recently, a number of phage therapy phase I and II safety trials have been concluded, showing no notable safety concerns associated with the use of phage. Though hurdles for efficient treatment remain, these trials hold promise for future phase III clinical trials. Interestingly, most phage formulations used in these clinical trials are straightforward phage suspensions, and not much research has focused on the processing of phage cocktails in specific pharmaceutical dosage forms. Additional research on formulation strategies and the stability of phage-based drugs will be of key importance, especially with phage therapy advancing toward phase III clinical trials.
Restoration of miR17/20a in Solid Tumor Cells Enhances the Natural Killer Cell Antitumor Activity by Targeting Mekk2 (2014)

Aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression has been identified in various human solid cancers. However, whether the levels of miRNA expression in tumor cells have any effect on tumor progression has not been determined. In this proof-of-concept study, the restoration of high-level expression of the miR17-92 cluster of miRNAs reveals its function as a tumor suppressor in murine solid cancer cells. Specifically, genetically engineered expression of higher levels of miR17/20a in the miR17-92 cluster in both murine breast cancer and colon cancer cells triggered natural killer (NK)-cell recognition by inhibiting the expression of MHC class I (H-2D) through the Mekk2-Mek5-Erk5 pathway. Results from the mouse tumor studies were recapitulated using samples of human solid tumors. Together, these data indicate that miR17/20a miRNAs function as tumor suppressors by reprogramming tumor cells for NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity.
Performance and Durability of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (2006)

Solid oxide fuel cells produced at Ris National Laboratory have been tested as electrolysis cells by applying an external voltage. Results on initial performance and durability of such reversible solid oxide cells at temperatures from 750 to 950C and current densities from -0.25 A/cm 2 to -0.50 A/cm 2 are reported. The full cells have an initial area specific resistance as low as 0.27 cm 2 for electrolysis operation at 850C. During galvanostatic long-term electrolysis tests, the cells were observed to passivate mainly during the first 100 h of electrolysis. Cells that have been passivated during electrolysis tests can be partly activated again by operation in fuel cell mode or even at constant electrolysis conditions after several hundred hours of testing.
Alterations of growth and shikimic acid levels by sublethal glyphosate applications on pin cherry and trembling aspen (1991)

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of low doses of glyphosate (0.04–0.5 kg/ha) on pin cherry (Prunuspensylvanica L.f.) and trembling aspen (Populustremuloides Michx.) trees in conifer plantations. Applications were repeated twice over a 2-year period, with treatments applied in late July and growth assessments made 1 and 2 years later. Growth and vigour of these species, measured as percent mortality, visual injury, and leaf and stem lengths, continued to be affected 2 years after treatment even with the lowest rate of glyphosate. Shikimic acid levels were substantially increased within 2 days after herbicide application and could be used to assess glyphosate damage in the field before visual symptoms become apparent.
Lactone and cyclic ether analogues of platelet-activating factor. Synthesis and biological activities. (1989)

Six-membered lactone and tetrahydropyran analogues of platelet-activating factor (PAF), 4-11, and related antagonistic derivatives 41-46 were synthesized. None of the delta-lactones 4-7 showed PAF-like activities, while the corresponding cyclic ethers 8, 9 and 11 were slightly active. Some of the cyclic antagonists showed more potent inhibitory activities than the open chain antagonist CV-3988 against platelet aggregation (rabbit platelet-rich plasma, IC50) and hypotension (rat, ID50) induced by C16-PAF: e.g. dl-3-[6-[O-(trans-3-heptadecylcarbamoyloxytetrahydropyran-2- yl)methyl]phosphonoxy]hexylthiazolium (inner salt) (41d) (IC50 5.5 x 10(-7) M, ID50 0.046 mg/kg, i.v.); dl-3-[5-[O-(cis-3-heptadecylcarbamoylthiotetrahydropyran-2- yl)methyl]phosphonoxy]pentylthiazolium (inner salt) (43c) (IC50 5.7 x 10(-7) M, ID50 0.076 mg/kg, i.v.).
Bifunctional Catalysis by CDP-ribitol Synthase:  Convergent Recruitment of Reductase and Cytidylyltransferase Activities in <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2004)

CDP-ribitol synthase catalyzes the formation of CDP-ribitol from ribulose 5-phosphate, NADPH, and CTP. CDP-ribitol is an activated precursor for the synthesis of virulence-associated polysaccharides in the capsule of the Gram-negative pathogen Haemophilus influenzae and in the cell walls of Gram-positive pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus. We showed previously that CDP-ribitol synthase activity in H. influenzae is catalyzed by the bifunctional enzyme Bcs1 in a two-step reaction with reduction preceding cytidylyl transfer [Zolli, M., et al. (2001) Biochemistry 40, 5041-5048]. In the work reported here, we predicted a CDP-ribitol synthesis locus in S. aureus tandemly arranged as tarI, encoding an orthologue of the cytidylyltransferase domain of Bcs1, and tarJ, coding for an analogue of the reductase domain of Bcs1. We have shown the formation of a functional CDP-ribitol synthase complex between TarI and TarJ. Steady-state mechanistic studies of the CDP-ribitol synthases TarIJ and Bcs1 revealed that the analogous reductases and orthologous cytidylyltransferases undergo ordered mechanisms. The sequence of substrate binding and product release of the orthologous cytidylyltransferases differed. Steady-state analysis of the reductase and cytidylyltransferase activities of TarIJ indicated a 100-fold difference in the turnover where the primary reductase was rate limiting. Rapid mixing experiments revealed the presence of approximately 12 microM ribitol 5-phosphate at steady state, 100-fold lower than the observed K(m) for this intermediate. Analysis of the approach to steady state suggested that channeling was not occurring in the coupled enzyme complex and was an unlikely driving force in the convergent recruitment of reductase and cytidylyltransferase activities in the two CDP-ribitol synthases.