gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
At the Boundary of Workflow and AI (1999)

Many domains of interest to the workflow commu-nity are characterized by ever-changing requirements and unpredictable environments. Workflow systems must increase in sophistication to provide the reactivity and flexibility necessary for process management un-der such dynamic conditions. This paper describes how techniques from the AI community, specifically reactive control, planning, and scheduling, could be leveraged to develop powerful, next-generation adaptive workflow engines that provide many of the these advanced pro-cess management capabilities. Although motivated by somewhat different concerns and grounded in differ-ent perspectives, there is much overlap between the ob-jectives and requirements of these two communities of workflow management and Artificial Intelligence. Two systems under development by the authors which em-brace this synergy are described.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Luminescence of Europium(III) Schiff Base Complexes<sup>1</sup><sup>a</sup> (1998)

New EuIII Schiff base compounds and polyelectrolytes luminesce with quantum yields consistent with the intramolecular energy transfer mechanism established for EuIII β-diketone complexes. The emission spectra clearly show that the two EuIII ions in Eu2L3 complexes, where L is a tetradentate Schiff base ligand, are in different environments, that the Na[Eu(L)2] complexes exhibit higher quantum yields than the corresponding Eu2L3 species, and that luminescence is negligible when the ligand triplet-state lies below the 5Do state of EuIII.
Optimum selective emitters for efficient thermophotovoltaic conversion (2020)

Though thermophotovoltaic (TPV) systems have been studied for many decades, the demonstrated conversion efficiencies have remained far lower than the theoretical maximum. Here, in this work, we investigate the reason for low efficiency, especially in TPV systems employing selective thermal emitters, and determine design pathways toward high efficiency. We model both the optical and optoelectronic components of the TPV system and study the influence of the emitter selectivity on the optimum bandgap of the photovoltaic cell, heat sink requirements, and maximum conversion efficiency for any given emitter temperature from 1000 to 2000 K. Our calculations suggest that thermal emitters with at least 20 dB suppression of sub-bandgap emission and an emission enhancement of 100× can push the overall efficiency to 70% of Carnot's limit. Furthermore, we show that such an extreme requirement on suppression is at the performance limits for resonant thermal emitters employing refractory plasmonic materials such as Mo, W, Ta, TiN, and carbon nanotubes.
논문 : 디지털 미디어에 의한 예술의 확장성에 관한 연구 (2012)

오늘날의 예술은 디지털 미디어와 결합함으로써 표현매체, 소통의 방식, 창작의 주체 등 많은 부분이 변화하고 있다. 특히 예술의 탈장르화와 수용자의 패러다임의 변화가 두드러지는데, 전통적인 예술의 틀을 벗어나 시·공간이 확대되고 관객의 참여로 완성되는 개방적인 구조를 나타내고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 예술의 변화를 대변할 수 있는 키워드로 ‘확장성’을 상정하고, 디지털 미디어의 도입으로 인해 예술영역 전반에 나타나는 다양한 변화를 흐름을 파악하여 현대 예술과 디자인이 나아가야 할 방향을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 디지털 예술에서 나타나는 대표적인 확장성으로 지각의 확장성, 시간의 확장성, 공간의 확장성, 소통의 확장성이라는 네 가지 요소를 제시하고 사례분석을 통해 그 타당성을 검증하였다. 오늘날의 디지털 예술은 작가가 완성해 놓은 작품을 관객이 ‘감상’하는 개념에서 벗어나 미완의 작품을 관객이 ‘경험’하는 과정을 통해 완성해 나가는 열린 구조로 이해해야 할 것이다.
19 GHz monolithic integrated clock recovery using PLL and 0.3 /spl mu/m gate-length quantum-well HEMTs (1994)

ICs for optical data links have been developed for bit rates between 10 and 200 Gb/s. The only exception was the clock recovery (CR) IC at these high bit rates. In fact, the IC realization of CR is generally accepted as the weak point of high-speed system integration. While the bit rates of some ICs reach up to 40 Gb/s, monolithic ICs for a full CR function are limited to 2.5 Gb/s. The monolithic IC described here, for CR with a PLL including a full-balanced VCO, is based on the IC reported by Wang et. al. (1993). Clock frequencies up to 19 GHz are recovered with the IC reported here.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Conformational Changes in the Extrinsic Manganese Stabilizing Protein Can Occur upon Binding to the Photosystem II Reaction Center:  An Isotope Editing and FT-IR Study (1998)

Photosystem II catalyzes the light-driven oxidation of water and reduction of plastoquinone in oxygenic photosynthesis. The manganese stabilizing protein (MSP) of photosystem II is an extrinsic subunit that plays an important role in catalytic activity. This subunit can be extracted and re-bound to the photosystem II reaction center. Extraction is associated with decreased stability of manganese binding by the enzyme and by loss in high rates of oxygen evolution activity; reconstitution reverses these phenomena. Since little is known about the assembly of complex membrane proteins, we have employed isotope editing and vibrational spectroscopy to obtain information about any changes in secondary structure that occur in MSP upon functional reconstitution to photosystem II. The spectroscopic data obtained are consistent with substantial changes in conformation when MSP binds to photosystem II; approximately 30-40% of the peptide backbone undergoes a change in secondary structure. These conclusions were reached by comparing different aliquots, before and after binding, of the same 13[C]MSP sample. Analysis of amide I band line shapes through Fourier deconvolution and nonlinear regression suggests that binding of MSP to photosystem II is associated with a decrease in random structure and an increase in beta-sheet content. We conclude that binding of MSP to the reaction center can induce folding of MSP. Our results also indicate that, in solution, MSP can sample a variety of conformational states, which differ in hydrogen bonding of the peptide backbone.
500 MHz Bandwidth RAC Filter with Constant Groove Depth (1978)

This paper reports the development of a 1.0 GHz LiNbO3 RAC filter having 500 MHz bandwidth and 1.0 psec. dispersive delay. The filter configuration contains flat amplitude chirp-type (rather than periodic) transducers and apodized reflective gratings with constant groove depth, instead of uniform gratings with depth weighing. Using the conventional configuration a RAC filter with these parameters would be quite difficult and expensive for two reasons. First, producing an accurate depth-weighted groove profile involves special ion-etching equipment and procedures. The technique is further complicated by the comparatively short gratings required to produce as little as 1.0 psec. dispersive delay. Second, fabrication of 500 MHz bandwidth transducers has always been relegated to the domain of expensive scanning electron microscope (SEM) microfabrication. The use of this novel RAC filter configuration enabled the device to be fabricated using optically produced masks, optical photolighography and uniform ion etching. Initial results indicate that low cost, high-yield production will be a corollary to this process. The filter was designed using an existing transducer model and a RAC grating model which includes apodization and non-synchronous scattering loss. The total measured loss of 45 dB is within 1 dB of the theoretical prediction. Measured RMS phase error, without phase correction, is typically less than loo. The input transducer maintains linear operation for CW input levels up to about +22 am, indicating that the RAC filter can be employed to generate a 500 MHz bandwidth chirp waveform having a 37 dB signal to noise ratio.
The Right to Trial by Jury in Environmental Cost-Recovery and Contribution Actions: United States v. England (2004)

The United States and England continue to limit the right to trial by jury.Courts have heavily
Long-term toxicology effects of prednimustine in comparison with chlorambucil, prednisolone, and chlorambucil plus prednisolone in Sprague-Dawley rats. (1986)

Chlorambucil was linked to prednisolone to improve the therapeutic and toxic properties of this potent alkylating agent, which is known to induce second tumors in humans. To compare the carcinogenic potency of the linked compound with that of the respective individual agents and of their unlinked mixture, prednimustine (I), chlorambucil (II), prednisolone (III), chlorambucil plus prednisolone (IV), or vehicle were administered to groups of 120 female Sprague-Dawley rats for 18 months. The following doses were administered nine, four, five, two times, or once a month per subgroup of 30 rats: I, 12 mg/kg; II, 3 mg/kg; III, 3 mg/kg; IV, 3 mg/kg. After natural death of animals, median survival times were analyzed, and percentages of malignant tumors were recorded. An increased tumor risk was found in the following organs compared with those of vehicle-treated controls: I, external auditory canal (EAC); II, mammary gland (MG), central and peripheral nervous tissue (CPNT), hematopoietic and lymphatic tissue (HLT), and EAC; III, none; and IV, MG, CPNT, and EAC. There is evidence of carcinogenic activity of prednimustine compared with untreated controls, but the cancer-inducing potential of the linked compound is distinctly lower than that of the unlinked mixture of chlorambucil plus prednisolone or that of chlorambucil.
Artificial concurrent catalytic processes involving enzymes (2014)

The concurrent operation of multiple catalysts can lead to enhanced reaction features including (i) simultaneous linear multi-step transformations in a single reaction flask (ii) the control of intermediate equilibria (iii) stereoconvergent transformations (iv) rapid processing of labile reaction products. Enzymes occupy a prominent position for the development of such processes, due to their high potential compatibility with other biocatalysts. Genes for different enzymes can be co-expressed to reconstruct natural or construct artificial pathways and applied in the form of engineered whole cell biocatalysts to carry out complex transformations or, alternatively, the enzymes can be combined in vitro after isolation. Moreover, enzyme variants provide a wider substrate scope for a given reaction and often display altered selectivities and specificities. Man-made transition metal catalysts and engineered or artificial metalloenzymes also widen the range of reactivities and catalysed reactions that are potentially employable. Cascades for simultaneous cofactor or co-substrate regeneration or co-product removal are now firmly established. Many applications of more ambitious concurrent cascade catalysis are only just beginning to appear in the literature. The current review presents some of the most recent examples, with an emphasis on the combination of transition metal with enzymatic catalysis and aims to encourage researchers to contribute to this emerging field.
Maximizing trickling filter nitrification rates through biofilm control: research review and full scale application (1997)

Tertiary nitrifying trickling filters (NTFs) at the Littleton/Englewood wastewater treatment plant provide for nitrification to meet seasonally varying effluent requirements for ammonia nitrogen. Operation of the full-scale facilities during the past two years demonstrates highly efficient oxidation of ammonia and the effectiveness of biofilm control strategies. A decline in nitrification performance caused by predators was successfully corrected by the use of a special alkaline backwash feature which controlled the level of larval development within the NTFs.
Application Of The EIIP/ISM Bioinformatics Concept in Development of New Drugs (2007)

The development of a new therapeutic drug is a complex, lengthy and expensive process. On average, only one out of 10,000 - 30,000 originally synthesized compounds will clear all the hurdles on the way to becoming a commercially available drug. The process of early and full preclinical discovery and clinical development for a new drug can take twelve to fifteen years to complete, and cost approximately 800 million dollars. The field of bioinformatics has become a major part of the drug discovery pipeline playing a key role in improvement and acceleration of this time and money consuming process. Here we reviewed the application of the EIIP/ISM bioinformatics concept for the development of new drugs. This approach, connecting the electron-ion interaction potential of organic molecules and their biological properties, can significantly reduce development time through (i) identification of promising lead compounds that have some activity against a disease by fast virtual screening of the large molecular libraries, (ii) refinement of selected lead compounds in order to increase their biological activity, and (iii) identification of domains of proteins and nucleotide sequences representing potential targets for therapy. Special attention is paid in this review to the application of the EIIP/ISM bioinformatics platform along with other experimental techniques (screening of a phage displayed peptide libraries, testing selected peptides and small molecules for antiviral activity in vitro) in development of HIV entry inhibitors, representing a new generation of the AIDS drugs.
PRESERVATION AND STORAGE OF PANCREATIC ISLETS (1994)

UW solution is currently the best available for short-term cold storage of pancreatic islets for up to 3-5 days, culture for up to 10-14 days, and cryopreservation for longer periods. More research needs to be done to find a better solution, specifically for cold storage of islets. It seems that such a solution is likely to be a derivative of the UW solution.
Regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α synthesis and TNF receptors expression in T lymphocytes through the CD2 activation pathway (1992)

The involvement of the CD2 (T11) molecule, an alternative activation pathway for T lymphocytes, in the regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha/TNF receptor system in human T lymphocytes has been investigated. It has been found that both TNF-alpha synthesis and secretion were induced after incubation of purified T lymphocytes with the appropriate mitogenic combination of antibodies specific for two different epitopes on the CD2 molecule. Moreover, TNF-alpha secretion was also observed by activation of T lymphocytes either through CD3 or CD69 molecular pathways, or with other stimulating agents such as Ca2+ ionophore in combination with phorbol esters. The expression of TNF receptors has been studied in both nonactivated and CD2-activated T lymphocytes. Unstimulated T cells weakly expressed a functional 75-kDa receptor form, whereas they lacked detectable levels of the 55-kDa receptor form. Triggering of T cell activation through the CD2 molecule also markedly increased the expression of the p75-kDa TNF receptor form, but did not exert any inductive effect on the expression of the p55-kDa TNF receptor. In addition, we have found that TNF-alpha enhanced the proliferative response triggered by the mixture of anti-CD2 monoclonal antibodies. Taken together, these results support a role for the CD2 activation pathway in the functional regulation of TNF-alpha/TNF receptor system in T lymphocytes, and reinforce the view of CD2 as an alternative pathway for regulation of the cytokine network that modulates the function of T lymphocytes.
A Review of Added Mass and Fluid Inertial Forces. (1982)

This report reviews the existing state of knowledge concerning the evaluation of the forces imposed on a body in a fluid due to acceleration of either the body or the fluid. It concentrates on those fluid inertial forces due to acceleration rather than on the drag/lift forces due to steady motion. The first part of the report presents a survey of the analytical background including the definition of added mass, the structure of the added mass matrix and other effects such as the influence of viscosity, fluid compressibility and the proximity of solid and free surface boundaries. Then the existing data base from experiments and potential flow calculations is reviewed. Approximate empirical methods for bodies of complex geometry are explored in a preliminary way. The possible dramatic effects of the proximity of the ocean bottom are further highlighted. The confused state of affairs regarding the possibly major effects of viscosity in certain regimes of frequency and Reynolds number is discussed. Finally a number of recommendations stemming from ocean engineering problems are put forward. (Author)
A new model for a smoking cessation program: adding compliance efforts and provider education to the mix. (1994)

MetroHealth, through the coordination of the Pharmacy Department, wanted to establish a smoking cessation program that would provide appropriate and cost-effective therapy. Requirement of patient participation in behavioral modification programs in conjunction with nicotine replacement therapy and continuous provider education allowed the program to attain its goals. The authors describe the nuts and bolts of establishing such a program.
The effectiveness of task-level parallelism for high-level vision (1990)

Large production systems (rule-based systems) continue to suffer from extremely slow execution which limits their utility in practical applications as well as in research settings. Most investigations in speeding up these systems have focused on match (or knowledge-search) parallelism. Although good speed-ups have been achieved in this process, these investigations have revealed the limitations on the total speed-up available from this source. This limited speed-up is insufficient to alleviate the problem of slow execution in large-scale production system implementations. Such large-scale systems are expected to increase as researchers develop increasingly more competent production systems.
The Process of New Drug Discovery and Development (1992)

The 2nd edition covers a spectrum of pharmaceutical development activities including drug discovery methods and development strategies. The 1st edition was published over a decade ago and was writt...
Effects of Anesthesia on Patients Taking Psychotropic Drugs (1981)

Psychotropic drugs, often given in combination with each other or with other nonpsychiatric drugs, generally exert profound effects on central and peripheral neurotransmitter and ionic mechanisms. Hence, prior intake of these drugs is an important consideration in the management of the patient about to undergo anesthesia and surgery. This article reviews the effects of anesthetics on patients taking antipsychotics, tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and lithium carbonate.
Poly (alpha‐methylstyrene) as a processing aid for rigid poly (vinyl chloride) (1978)

Abstract Poly (alpha‐methylstyrene) (PAMS) is a new approach to process improvement in rigid poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC)—the use of a low molecular weight polymer as a process aid. PAMS can reduce fusion time, melt viscosity and improve heat stability of rigid PVC compounds. The reduced melt viscosity allows the addition of fillers to PVC without adverse effect on extrusion rates. This polymer also improves the resistance to melt fracture and shear “burning” at high shear rates. When used within the optimum concentration range, physical properties such as tensile strength, Izod impact and heat distortion are maintained. In addition, PAMS gives, improved production rates in both pipe extrusion and injection molding processes without sacrifice in properties.
Personal Outcomes as Measures of Quality (1997)

The Council on Quality and Leadership in Supports for People With Disabilities (The Council), formerly known as The Accreditation Council, altered its definition of quality from "compliance with organizational process" to "responsiveness to people." Council representatives conducted focus group and individual meetings with people who have disabilities to identify priority outcomes they expect from services and supports. The 1993 Outcome Based Performance Measures was used in 447 interviews as part of 54 accreditation reviews. Staff analysis and factor analysis of the outcome interviews using a principle components extraction and varimax rotation resulted in 24 variables loading onto seven major factors (Identity, Autonomy, Affiliation, Attainment, Rights, Health, and Safeguards), which form the basis of The Council 1997 Personal Outcome Measures.
<i>HAI‐2</i> is epigenetically downregulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma, and its Kunitz domain type 1 is critical for anti‐invasive functions (2008)

Pharmacological demethylation-based gene expression profile analysis is a useful tool to identify epigenetically silenced tumour suppressor genes. HGF activator inhibitor 2 (HAI-2), a serine protease inhibitor, has been identified as one of the candidate tumour suppressor genes in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with this technique. In this study, we aimed to characterise the epigenetic status and tumour suppressive function of HAI-2 in HCC. We validated that HAI-2 expression was either absent or low in most of the HCC cell lines tested, and 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment significantly restored its expression in 9 (75%) of these 12 cell lines. HAI-2 was found to be frequently underexpressed in human HCCs (p < 0.001). With bisulphite DNA sequencing and methylation-specific PCR, we found that the promoter of the HAI-2 gene was frequently hypermethylated in both HCC cell lines and human HCCs. Ectopic expression of HAI-2 significantly inhibited cell migration and invasiveness of HCC cells in vitro and suppressed tumourigenicity in vivo. In addition, we also provided the first evidence that HAI-2 mediated its tumour suppressor function via the Kunitz domain 1 (KD-1), as KD-1 but not KD-2 inactivating mutant abolished its anti-tumour invasiveness in vitro. Our findings suggest that HAI-2 is a candidate tumour suppressor gene that is frequently hypermethylated and underexpressed in human HCCs, and the KD-1 domain of HAI-2 is the key region responsible for its anti-invasive function.
Multi-Task Curriculum Transfer Deep Learning of Clothing Attributes (2016)

Recognising detailed clothing characteristics (fine-grained attributes) in unconstrained images of people in-the-wild is a challenging task for computer vision, especially when there is only limited training data from the wild whilst most data available for model learning are captured in well-controlled environments using fashion models (well lit, no background clutter, frontal view, high-resolution). In this work, we develop a deep learning framework capable of model transfer learning from well-controlled shop clothing images collected from web retailers to in-the-wild images from the street. Specifically, we formulate a novel Multi-Task Curriculum Transfer (MTCT) deep learning method to explore multiple sources of different types of web annotations with multi-labelled fine-grained attributes. Our multi-task loss function is designed to extract more discriminative representations in training by jointly learning all attributes, and our curriculum strategy exploits the staged easy-to-complex transfer learning motivated by cognitive studies. We demonstrate the advantages of the MTCT model over the state-of-the-art methods on the X-Domain benchmark, a large scale clothing attribute dataset. Moreover, we show that the MTCT model has a notable advantage over contemporary models when the training data size is small.
Preliminary communication Helical superstructures in a novel smectic mesophase formed by achiral banana-shaped molecules (1999)

Abstract A new smectic type mesophase without in-plane order is presented which is formed by nitro substituted banana-shaped compounds. The structure of this phase is not yet known in detail. The growth of germs and also the textures point to a helicoidal structure. The helical structure is obviously the result of the chirality of the smectic layers which is caused by the tilt of the molecules together with the polar arrangement of the angled molecules.