gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gold(III) Porphyrin 1a Induced Apoptosis by Mitochondrial Death Pathways Related to Reactive Oxygen Species (2005)

Apoptosis is a tightly controlled multistep mechanism of cell death, and mitochondria are considered to play a central role in this process. Mitochondria initiate two distinct apoptosis pathways, one caspase-dependent and the other caspase-independent. In addition, mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) seems to play a role in cell death. Most chemotherapeutic agents induce apoptosis through at least one of these pathways. The post-initiation mechanisms of gold(III) porphyrin 1a were investigated in this study. HONE1 cells exposed to gold(III) porphyrin 1a underwent apoptosis after 24 hours. Functional proteomic studies revealed the alteration of several cytoplasmic protein expressions in HONE1 cells after treatment with the drug. These proteins include enzymes participating in energy production and proteins involved in cellular redox balance. There was a quick attenuation of mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)) with the alterations of Bcl-2 family proteins, the release of cytochrome c, and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) following gold(III) porphyrin 1a treatment. Cytochrome c in turn activated caspase-9 and caspase-3. Cotreatment with caspase inhibitor (zVAD-fmk) showed that the activated caspases worked in conjunction with AIF-initiated apoptosis pathways. Further study showed that ROS played a part in gold(III) porphyrin 1a-induced apoptosis by regulating DeltaPsi(m). In summary, gold(III) porphyrin 1a induced apoptosis through both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent mitochondrial pathways, and intracellular oxidation affected gold(III) porphyrin 1a-induced apoptosis. These results support a role for gold(III) porphyrin 1a as a promising anticancer drug lead and as a possible novel therapeutic agent directed toward the mitochondria.
Computer-simulated experiments and computer games: a method of design analysis (1995)

Through the new modularization of the undergraduate science degree at the University of Brighton, larger numbers of students are choosing to take some science modules which include an amount of laboratory practical work. Indeed, within energy studies, the fuels and combustion module, for which the computer simulations were written, has seen a fourfold increase in student numbers from twelve to around fifty. Fitting out additional laboratories with new equipment to accommodate this increase presented problems: the laboratory space did not exist; fitting out the laboratories with new equipment would involve a relatively large capital spend per student for equipment that would be used infrequently; and, because some of the experiments use inflammable liquids and gases, additional staff would be needed for laboratory supervision.DOI:10.1080/0968776950030106
Molecular architecture of the inner membrane of mitochondria from rat liver: a combined biochemical and stereological study. (1986)

The molecular structure of mitochondria and their inner membrane has been studied using a combined approach of stereology and biochemistry. The amount of mitochondrial structures (volume, number, surface area of inner membrane) in a purified preparation of mitochondria from rat liver was estimated by stereological procedures. In the same preparation, the oxidative activity of the respiratory chain with different substrates and the concentration of the redox complexes were measured by biochemical means. By relating the stereological and biochemical data, it was estimated that the individual mitochondrion isolated from rat liver has a volume of 0.27 micron 3, an inner membrane area of 6.5 micron 2, and contains between 2,600 (complex I) and 15,600 (aa3) redox complexes which produce an electron flow of over 100,000 electrons per second with pyruvate as substrate. The individual redox complexes and the H+-ATPase together occur at a density of approximately 7,500/micron 2 and occupy approximately 40% of the inner membrane area. From the respective densities it was concluded that the mean nearest distance between reaction partners is small enough (70-200 A) to cause the formation of micro-aggregates. The meaning of these results for the mechanism of mitochondrial energy transduction is discussed.
<title>Manufacturing cost analysis of integrated photonic packages</title> (1999)

This paper analyzes the manufacturing cost of photonic system using software that combines several methods for accurate cost accounting. Activity based costing assigns al capital equipment, material and labor costs directly to the product rather than to overheads. Cost of ownership models determine the cost of using machines under different financial and utilization scenarios. Libraries of standard machines, process steps, and process sequences facilitate rapid model building and modification. Using libraries for semiconductor and photonics fabrication, along with packaging and optomechanical assembly, we construct cost models for 2D VCSEL array communication modules. The result of the analysis is that the model cost is driven mainly by the epitaxial material cost, and laser yield limits VCSEL arrays to small scale integration.
[Clinical pharmacokinetics of haloperidol decanoate. Comparison with other prolonged-action neuroleptics]. (1987)

Precise pharmacokinetic data of long-acting neuroleptics: apparent half life (T 1/2), time of peak plasma concentration (Tmax), bioavailability, has been a major contribution to determine optimal dosage of the drug. If the aim of the depot neuroleptic is to obtain a stable plasma concentration of the neuroleptic after I.M. injection of the ester form equivalent to that following oral administration, it is logical to obtain the same pharmacological effect; this is true for haloperidol decanoate. Mean value of T 1/2 of clopenthixol decanoate and haloperidol decanoate are 19 and 21 days, respectively, they thereby justify monthly administration. Flupenthixol decanoate and fluphenazine enanthate should be injected with dosing intervals of 3 and 1 weeks, respectively in respect with their half-lives: 17 and 4 days. Fluphenazine decanoate have a half-life of 14 days, however, the longer time the treatment, the longer the apparent half-life, suggesting to reduce the dose or to enlarge the dosing interval. Optimal dose has been determined from the bioavailability of the oral formulation and the interval between two injections, it averages 15, 20 times the oral daily dose for haloperidol decanoate. A lower conversion factor is frequently used (0.5 to 5 times) for other depot-neuroleptics such as pipotiazine palmitate, fluphenazine enanthate or decanoate; these low factors are not entirely explainable by the low bioavailability of the oral forms and produces more lower plasma concentration than after oral administration.
Li‐Ion Battery Electrolyte Formulated for Low‐Temperature Applications (1997)

Low‐temperature (<0°C) applications of Li‐ion batteries have prompted the search for improved, high‐conductivity electrolytes. Because the performance of the carbonaceous anode is highly sensitive to changes in electrolyte composition, we focused our efforts on this electrode. Electrolytes containing [lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide], or LiIm, and [lithium tris(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)methide], or LiMe, in methyl formate (MF)‐ethylene carbonate (EC) solvent mixtures were tested in lithium‐graphite half‐cells. The graphite electrodes could be cycled at ambient temperature with high reversible capacity. The best supporting electrolyte was found to be , and the presence of a high concentration of ethylene carbonate and up to 300 ppm in the solution considerably increased the reversible capacity upon cycling. The conductivity values of a binary solvent mixture of methyl formate and ethylene carbonate containing or LiMe were measured between −40°C and room temperature. Graphite electrodes cycled at −2°C in these electrolytes obtained reasonable reversible capacity, approaching 50%.
Androgens and Bone Health (1999)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Abstracts: Adrenal, Hypertension, Renal Physiology and Renal Failure1 Sep 1999Androgens and Bone Health K.A. Hansen and S.P.T. Tho K.A. HansenK.A. Hansen More articles by this author and S.P.T. ThoS.P.T. Tho More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/00005392-199909010-00109AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Androgens and Bone Health." The Journal of Urology, 162(3 Part 1), p. 962 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 162Issue 3 Part 1September 1999Page: 962 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information K.A. Hansen More articles by this author S.P.T. Tho More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
High-power solid-state cw dye laser (2011)

In the present paper we describe a high-power tunable solid-state dye laser setup that offers peak output power up to 800 mW around 575 nm with excellent long-time power stability and low noise level. The spectral width of the laser emission is less than 3 GHz and can be tuned over more than 30 nm. A nearly circular mode profile is achieved with an M(2) better than 1.4. The device can be integrated in a compact housing (dimensions are 60 × 40 × 20 cm(3)). The limitation of long-time power stability is mainly given by photo decomposition of organic dye molecules. These processes are analyzed in detail via spatially resolved micro-imaging and spectroscopic studies.
OLD TESTAMENT (1961)

Journal Article OLD TESTAMENT Get access The Book of Psalms. By AKNOLD B. RHODES. The Layman's Bible Commentary, ed. Balmer H. Kelly et al., Vol. 9. Richmond: John Knox Press, 1960. 192 pages. $2.00. ROLLAND E. WOLFE ROLLAND E. WOLFE Western Reserve University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Volume XXIX, Issue 3, July 1961, Pages 241–242, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/XXIX.3.241 Published: 01 July 1961
Attenuation of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy)‐induced rhabdomyolysis with <i>α</i><sub>1</sub>‐ plus <i>β</i><sub>3</sub>‐adrenoreceptor antagonists (2004)

1. Studies were designed to examine the effects of alpha(1) (alpha(1)AR)- plus beta(3)-adrenoreceptor (beta(3)AR) antagonists on 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy)-induced hyperthermia and measures of rhabdomyolysis (creatine kinase (CK)) and renal function (blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (sCr)) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. 2. MDMA (40 mg x kg(-1), s.c.) induced a rapid and robust increase in rectal temperature, which was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with the alpha(1)AR antagonist prazosin (100 microg x kg(-1), i.p.) plus the beta(3)AR antagonist SR59230A (5 mg x kg(-1), i.p.). 3. CK levels significantly increased (peaking at 4 h) after MDMA treatment and were blocked by the combination of prazosin plus SR59230A. 4. At 4 h after MDMA treatment, BUN and sCr levels were also significantly increased and could be prevented by this combination of alpha(1)AR- plus beta(3)AR-antagonists. 5. The results from this study suggest that alpha(1)AR and beta(3)AR play a critical role in the etiology of MDMA-mediated hyperthermia and subsequent rhabdomyolysis.
All-Solid-State Lithium Secondary Batteries Prepared by Softening Process of Li<sub>2</sub>S-P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub> Glass Electrolytes (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Information theft through covert channel by exploiting HTTP post method (2013)

Covert channel is a known vulnerability in most of the network protocols that makes it possible for peers to communicate non-legitimately using known channels. This papers aims at demonstrating information theft scenario by means of covert channel in which it is used as a carrier for transmitting information that is stolen by exploiting HTTP Post method. The paper describes and demonstrates a mechanism of information theft through covert channel exploitation. Some potential countermeasure techniques are suggested on the basis of observed covert channels which is part of our future work.
Laser-Driven Acoustic Desorption of Organic Molecules from Back-Irradiated Solid Foils (2007)

Laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) from thin metal foils is a promising technique for gentle and efficient volatilization of intact organic molecules from surfaces of solid substrates. Using the single-photon ionization method combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we have examined the neutral component of the desorbed flux in LIAD and compared it to that from direct laser desorption. These basic studies of LIAD, conducted for molecules of various organic dyes (rhodamine B, fluorescein, anthracene, coumarin, BBQ), have demonstrated detection of intact parent molecules of the analyte even at its surface concentrations corresponding to a submonolayer coating. In some cases (rhodamine B, fluorescein, BBQ), the parent molecular ion peak was accompanied by a few fragmentation peaks of comparable intensity, whereas for others, only peaks corresponding to intact parent molecules were detected. At all measured desorbing laser intensities (from 100 to 500 MW/cm2), the total amount of desorbed parent molecules depended exponentially on the laser intensity. Translational velocities of the desorbed intact molecules, determined for the first time in this work, were of the order of hundreds of meters per second, less than what has been observed in our experiments for direct laser desorption, but substantially greater than the possible perpendicular velocity of the substrate foil surface due to laser-generated acoustic waves. Moreover, these velocities did not depend on the desorbing laser intensity, which implies the presence of a more sophisticated mechanism of energy transfer than direct mechanical or thermal coupling between the laser pulse and the adsorbed molecules. Also, the total flux of desorbed intact molecules as a function of the total number of desorbing laser pulses, striking the same point on the target, decayed following a power law rather than an exponential function, as would have been predicted by the shake-off model. To summarize, the results of our experiments indicate that the LIAD phenomenon cannot be described in terms of simple mechanical shake-off or direct laser desorption. Rather, they suggest that multistep energy-transfer processes are involved. Two possible (and not mutually exclusive) qualitative mechanisms of LIAD that are based on formation of nonequilibrium energy states in the adsorbate-substrate system are proposed and discussed.
PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF RHIZOMES OF ACORUS CALAMUS FOR ANALGESIC ACTIVITY (2015)

Objective: To evaluate the analgesic activity of aqueous extract of rhizomes of Acorus calamus in mice. Methods: Analgesic activity of aqueous extracts of A. calamus at different doses were studied using the hot plate method. The study was carried out at three different dose levels (5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) of A. calamus , given subcutaneously to mice. Results: The different dose of aqueous extracts of A. calamus showed dose and time dependent analgesic effect and maximum effect was observed at 50 mg/kg dose of extract after 90 min of administration, which was comparable to diclofenac sodium, used as standard drug in the study. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of rhizomes of A. calamus was found to be effective analgesic in mice using the hot plate method. This study merits further detailed pharmacological investigation of this extract as well as isolation and characterization of its bioactive chemical constituents (s).
A 11.7 GHz 1/8-divider using 43 GHz Si high speed bipolar transistor with photoepitaxially grown ultra-thin base (2002)

High-speed bipolar transistor technology using a photoepitaxially grown ultrathin base is presented. Using this technology, a 31 nm base width with BVceo of 3.0 V could be realised. The cutoff frequency of the epitaxially grown base transistor (EBT) drastically improved from 32 GHz to 43 GHz as the base width decreased from 66 nm to 31 nm because the base transit time was effectively reduced. However, the minimum ECL (emitter coupled logic) gate delay time of the EBT was observed in the case of a 66 nm base width to be 58 ps at 7.5 mW/gate because the ultrathin base increased the base resistance. There was trade-off between the cutoff frequency and the ECL gate delay time. The authors integrated the EBT into a 1/8-divider, and observed a maximum operating frequency of 11.7 GHz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
2. An Homelie of the Miserie of Al Mankynd, and of Hys Condempnacion to Death Everlastyng, by Hys Awne Synne (1987)

2. An Homelie of the Miserie of Al Mankynd, and of Hys Condempnacion to Death Everlastyng, by Hys Awne Synne was published in Certain Sermons or Homilies (1547) and a Homily against Disobedience and Wilful Rebellion (1570) on page 70.
In Vitro Translation and Assembly of a Complete T Cell Receptor–CD3 Complex (1997)

The T cell receptor for antigen (TCR) is a multisubunit complex that consists of at least seven polypeptides: the clonotypic, disulfide-linked alpha/beta heterodimer that is noncovalently associated with the invariant polypeptides of the CD3 complex (CD3-gamma, -delta, -epsilon) and zeta, a disulfide-linked homodimer. We achieved the complete assembly of the human TCR in an in vitro transcription/translation system supplemented with dog pancreas microsomes by simultaneous translation of the messenger RNAs encoding the TCR-alpha, -beta and CD3-gamma, -delta, -epsilon, and -zeta subunits. CD3-epsilon, one of the subunits that initiates the assembly of the TCR in living cells, forms misfolded, disulfide-linked homooligomers when translated alone. However, co-translation of one of its first binding partners in the course of assembly, CD3-gamma or -delta, led to the expression of mainly monomeric and correctly folded epsilon subunits, the only form we could detect as part of a properly assembled TCR complex. In the absence of these subunits, the ER-resident chaperone calnexin interacted with oligomeric, i.e. misfolded, structures of CD3-epsilon in a glycan-independent manner. A glycan-dependent interaction between CD3-epsilon and calnexin was mediated by CD3-gamma and concerned only monomeric CD3-epsilon complexed with CD3-gamma, but was dispensable for proper folding of CD3-epsilon. We suggest that in addition to its signaling function, CD3-epsilon serves as a monitor for proper subunit assembly of the TCR.
Enhanced crystallization of polycarbonate by nano-scale clays in supercritical carbon dioxides. (2003)

U519-U519
A scalable and modular lab-on-a-chip genetic analysis instrument (2010)

We demonstrate a new and extremely inexpensive, multipurpose desktop system for operating lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices. The system provides all of the infrastructure necessary for genetic amplification and analysis, with orders of magnitude improvement in performance over our previous work. A modular design enables high levels of integration while allowing scalability to lower cost and smaller size. The component cost of this system is ca. $600, yet it could support many diagnostic applications. We demonstrate an implementation of genetic amplification via polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and analysis using capillary electrophoresis (CE). The PCR is able to amplify from single or several copies of target DNA and the CE performance (e.g. sensitivity) is comparable to that of commercial photomultiplier-based confocal lab-on-chip instrumentation. We believe this demonstrates that the cost of infrastructure need no longer be a barrier to the wide-spread application of LOC technologies in healthcare and beyond.
Power Electronics: Devices, Drivers and Applications (1987)

Provides a wide range of indepth coverage of both semiconductor device theory and device application in power electronics. Material covered gives the reader a sound appreciation of the device types, their operating mechanisms and limitations -- all of which is required for correct device selection. Focusing on high-power devices, the book considers how device structure and construction are related to its terminal electrical and thermal construction. Also covered are the circuitry required to use power devices, interfacing and control requirements, and the structure and electrical characteristics of a device as they relate to its drive and protection. Features numerous diagrams and problems with numerical answers.
REGRESSION TREES WITH UNBIASED VARIABLE SELECTION AND INTERACTION DETECTION (2002)

We propose an algorithm for regression tree construction called GUIDE. It is specifically designed to eliminate variable selection bias, a problem that can undermine the reliability of inferences from a tree structure. GUIDE controls bias by employing chi-square analysis of residuals and bootstrap calibration of significance probabilities. This approach allows fast computation speed, natural extension to data sets with categorical variables, and direct detection of local two-variable interactions. Previous algorithms are not unbiased and are insensitive to local interactions during split selection. The speed of GUIDE enables two further enhancements—complex modeling at the terminal nodes, such as polynomial or best simple linear models, and bagging. In an experiment with real data sets, the prediction mean square error of the piecewise constant GUIDE model is within ±20 % of that of CART�. Piecewise linear GUIDE models are more accurate; with bagging they can outperform the spline-based MARS � method.
Using electronic health record data to develop inpatient mortality predictive model: Acute Laboratory Risk of Mortality Score (ALaRMS) (2013)

EHR data can generate clinically plausible mortality predictive models with excellent discrimination. ALaRMS uses automated laboratory data widely available on admission, providing opportunities to aid real-time decision support. Models that incorporate laboratory and AHRQ's CCS and CS variables have utility for risk adjustment in retrospective outcome studies.
A 3.125 Gb/s Limit Amplifier in CMOS With 42 dB Gain and 1&lt;tex&gt;$mu$&lt;/tex&gt;s Offset Compensation (2006)

A fast offset compensation method for high-gain amplifiers is presented that leverages a novel peak detector design and a dynamic, multi-tap feedback system to achieve roughly three orders of magnitude improvement in settling time over traditional compensation methods. Design tradeoffs between gain, bandwidth, power dissipation, and noise performance of the limit amplifier are discussed. Measured results of a custom 3.125 Gb/s limit amplifier in 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS employing the proposed compensation technique demonstrate a sub-1-ms settling time while still achieving less than 4 ps rms output jitter with a 2.5 mV peak-to-peak input at 2.5 Gb/s.
The Effect of a ‘Freedom Food’ Enrichment on the Behaviour of Broilers on Commercial Farms (2001)

Abstract The effect of an environmental enrichment — straw bales — on the behaviour of growing broiler chicks was investigated by comparing the behaviour of broilers kept in matched pairs of houses on commercial farms with and without bales. The birds provided with bales perched on them and clustered around them. The most striking result, however, was that, even away from the bales, birds in the enriched houses were more active (showing more walking and running and less sitting) than birds in unenriched houses. The study provides support for the ‘Freedom Food’ recommendation that activity in commercially kept indoor chickens can be increased by providing environmental enrichment in the form of straw bales.