gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Adaptive Distance Relaying Scheme for Mutually Coupled Series-Compensated Parallel Transmission Lines During Intercircuit Faults (2011)

The presence of various types of intercircuit faults on a series-compensated parallel transmission line combined with the effect of mutual coupling and fault resistance makes the protection system quite complicated. In this paper, the authors have proposed a new adaptive digital distance relaying scheme which takes care of all such abnormalities of the conventional ground distance relays and measures the correct value of impedance during phase-to-phase and phase-to-phase-to-ground intercircuit faults. The proposed adaptive scheme is based on the derivation of the compensated value of impedance using symmetrical component theory. Furthermore, it does not require remote-end data. To validate the proposed scheme, numerous computer simulations have been carried out on an existing part of the Indian 400-kV, 300-km-long series-compensated parallel transmission line using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme since the maximum percentage error is within ±5%.
Indications, Contraindications, and Complications of Mesh in Surgical Treatment of Pelvic Organ Prolapse (2013)

Women are seeking care for pelvic organ prolapse in increasing numbers and a significant proportion of them will undergo a second repair for recurrence. This has initiated interest by both surgeons and industry to utilize and design prosthetic mesh materials to help augment longevity of prolapse repairs. Unfortunately, the introduction of transvaginal synthetic mesh kits for use in women was done without the benefit of level 1 data to determine its utility compared with native tissue repair. This report summarizes the potential benefit/risks of transvaginal synthetic mesh use for pelvic organ prolapse and recommendations regarding its continued use.
Retinoic acid suppression of squamous differentiation in human head‐and‐neck squamous carcinoma cells (1991)

Retinoids (vitamin A analogues) inhibit the squamous differentiation of normal and malignant epithelial cells. This study investigated the ability of the head-and-neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell line 1483 to undergo squamous differentiation in the absence and presence of beta-all-trans retinoic acid (RA). The growth of these cells in culture is accompanied by an increase in keratinocyte transglutaminase, involucrin and keratin KI, 3 established markers of squamous cell differentiation. Higher levels of these differentiation markers were detected in cells cultured in delipidized serum (DLS), from which endogenous retinoids have been extracted, than in cells cultured in fetal bovine serum (FBS), which contains retinoids. Treatment with I microM RA decreased the levels of the various differentiation markers in cells cultured in either FBS or DLS as revealed by immunofluorescent labelling of permeabilized cells and by immunoblotting of cell extracts using specific monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies. The cells' ability to cross-link proteins to form envelopes under the plasma membrane was stimulated in the presence of calcium ionophore but inhibited by RA. These results indicate that the malignant 1,483 HNSCC cells recapitulate the main characteristics of normal squamous-cell differentiation in culture and that RA suppresses this differentiation as it does in normal keratinizing epithelial cells.
A Redox-Based Mechanism for Cardioprotection Induced by Ischemic Preconditioning in Perfused Rat Heart (1995)

Recent studies have suggested that mild redox alterations can regulate cell function. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that alteration in the thiol redox state might be responsible for the cardioprotective effects conferred by ischemic preconditioning in the perfused rat heart. We find that preconditioning with four 5-minute periods of ischemia, each separated by 5 minutes of reflow, is associated with a significant loss of glutathione (3.98 +/- 0.32 mumol/g dry wt, n = 8) compared with no preconditioning (6.38 +/- 0.24 mumol/g dry wt, n = 14). We further find that the addition of N-acetylcysteine (NAC, a glutathione precursor and antioxidant) during the preconditioning protocol not only blocks the loss of glutathione (5.60 +/- 0.31 mumol/g dry wt, n = 9) but also blocks the protective effects of preconditioning. It is observed that after 20 minutes of ischemia followed by 20 minutes of reflow, untreated hearts recover 38 +/- 7% (n = 5) of their initial preischemic contractile function, whereas preconditioned hearts recover 91 +/- 11% (n = 7). Hearts preconditioned in the presence of NAC recover 24 +/- 3% (n = 7) of their preischemic function. Similarly, the addition of NAC reverses the protective effect of preconditioning on creatine kinase release. On reflow after 60 minutes of ischemia, creatine kinase release from control hearts was 271 +/- 20 IU.20 min-1.g dry wt-1 (n = 5), whereas preconditioned hearts release only 170 +/- 26 IU.20 min-1.g dry wt-1 (n = 6), and hearts preconditioned in the presence of NAC release 361 +/- 30 IU.20 min-1.g dry wt-1 (n = 5). We also find that hearts preconditioned in the presence of NAC have less attenuation of the decline in pHi than hearts preconditioned in the absence of drug. Thus, a redox-sensitive mechanism may be involved in the protection afforded by ischemic preconditioning.
Efficacy and Safety of Ruxolitinib Cream for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: Results From Two Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind Studies (2020)

Abstract not available.
Coronary artery restenosis: vascular biology and emerging therapeutic strategies (2006)

Percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents is currently the preferred approach to the treatment of obstructive coronary stenoses. Large, randomized trials have demonstrated a significant reduction in the incidence of restenosis after drug-eluting stent placement compared with balloon angioplasty or bare metal stents across a wide range of lesions. Furthermore, these stents have appeared to be effective in maintaining the luminal patency at follow up for up to 2-4 years. Concerns regarding the potential adverse effects of drug-eluting stents, such as aneurysm formation in arteries secondary to drug toxicity or hypersensitivity, as well as the overdependence on antiplatelet therapy for a protracted period to prevent subacute thrombosis, have been raised. However, evidence from large studies has not demonstrated any significant increase in the incidence of such adverse events. Future approaches to treating coronary stenoses involve technical modifications, such as direct stenting, accelerating endothelialization with gene delivery of nitric oxide donors, smooth muscle cell growth inhibitors after stent placement, biodegradable stents and concurrent use of local molecule delivery and oral chemotherapy. Ongoing large-scale postmarketing surveillance studies are expected to provide credible answers to the concerns regarding the safety of these stents.
Tolvaptan: A New Therapeutic Agent (2011)

Tolvaptan is a new agent in the treatment of normovolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia. It is a V(2) receptor antagonist inducing free water diuresis. It has been recently approved in USA and Europe for the treatment of hyponatremia associated with SIADH, cirrhosis as well as heart failure, while in hypovolemic hyponatremia its use is contraindicated. The drug also appears to be effective in the acute exacerbations of heart failure that need hospitalization. In the short-term tolvaptan seems to relieve acute congestive symptoms and improves mortality. However, the long-term effects on mortality are still controversial. The favorable short-term effects are ascribed to the selective V(2) receptor blocking, while the unopposed stimulation of V(1A) may give an explanation for the lack of long-term benefit. The drug should be initiated in the hospital setting because careful monitoring of fluid balance is recommended. It is administered orally giving the advantage of continuation in the outpatient setting. Moreover tolvaptan may have a role in the treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Its effectiveness has been shown in animal models and Phase 3 clinical trial as well as an open-label study is now active. Since tolvaptan is metabolized by the cytochrome CYP3A4 in the liver physicians should be aware of possible drug to drug interactions. Resulting from large studies tolvaptan appears well tolerated. Common side effects are thirst, dry mouth and polyuria. Tolvaptan opens a new page not only in the treatment of normovolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia but also in the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure and probably in ADPKD.
Low‐Temperature CO<sub>2</sub>‐Assisted Assembly of Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Ferroelectrets of High Piezoelectricity and Thermal Stability (2013)

A novel supercritical carbon dioxide (CO 2 )‐assisted low‐temperature assembly approach to fabricate cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) ferroelectrets is reported. The process takes advantage of the strong COC–CO 2 interaction and associated severe depression of both bulk and surface glass transition temperature. Using a multilayer structural design to implement a bending mechanism in the ferroelectrets, the apparent compression modulus can be greatly reduced and tailored, leading to COC ferroelectrets with excellent piezoelectric activity. The COC ferroelectrets exhibit excellent thermal stability. The study presents a viable low‐cost technology to mass produce COC ferroelectrets with high piezoelectric activity that can be used in structurally and thermally demanding conditions. image
Differential regulation of muscarinic M1 receptors by orthosteric and allosteric ligands (2009)

These results indicate that allosteric agonists differ from orthosteric ligands and among each other in their ability to induce different regulatory pathways. Thus, signaling and regulatory pathways induced by different allosteric ligands are ligand specific.
Monte Carlo simulations to assess the effects of tube current modulation on breast dose for multidetector CT (2009)

Tube current modulation was designed to reduce radiation dose in CT imaging while maintaining overall image quality. This study aims to develop a method for evaluating the effects of tube current modulation (TCM) on organ dose in CT exams of actual patient anatomy. This method was validated by simulating a TCM and a fixed tube current chest CT exam on 30 voxelized patient models and estimating the radiation dose to each patient's glandular breast tissue. This new method for estimating organ dose was compared with other conventional estimates of dose reduction. Thirty detailed voxelized models of patient anatomy were created based on image data from female patients who had previously undergone clinically indicated CT scans including the chest area. As an indicator of patient size, the perimeter of the patient was measured on the image containing at least one nipple using a semi-automated technique. The breasts were contoured on each image set by a radiologist and glandular tissue was semi-automatically segmented from this region. Previously validated Monte Carlo models of two multidetector CT scanners were used, taking into account details about the source spectra, filtration, collimation and geometry of the scanner. TCM data were obtained from each patient's clinical scan and factored into the model to simulate the effects of TCM. For each patient model, two exams were simulated: a fixed tube current chest CT and a tube current modulated chest CT. X-ray photons were transported through the anatomy of the voxelized patient models, and radiation dose was tallied in the glandular breast tissue. The resulting doses from the tube current modulated simulations were compared to the results obtained from simulations performed using a fixed mA value. The average radiation dose to the glandular breast tissue from a fixed tube current scan across all patient models was 19 mGy. The average reduction in breast dose using the tube current modulated scan was 17%. Results were size dependent with smaller patients getting better dose reduction (up to 64% reduction) and larger patients getting a smaller reduction, and in some cases the dose actually increased when using tube current modulation (up to 41% increase). The results indicate that radiation dose to glandular breast tissue generally decreases with the use of tube current modulated CT acquisition, but that patient size (and in some cases patient positioning) may affect dose reduction.
<i>In vitro</i> activation of pro‐phenol‐oxidase by two kinds of pro‐phenol‐oxidase‐activating factors isolated from hemolymph of coleopteran, <i>Holotrichia diomphalia</i> larvae (1998)

Previously, we purified and characterized a pro-phenol-oxidase (pro-PO) of 79 kDa from coleopteran insect, Holotrichia diomphalia larvae [Kwon et al. (1997) Mol. Cells 7, 90-97]. Here, we describe the identification of two pro-PO-activating factors (PPAF), named PPAF-I and PPAF-II, directly involved in the activation of the isolated pro-PO. When pro-PO was incubated with either PPAF-I or PPAF-II, no phenol oxidase activity was observed. However, incubation of pro-PO with both PPAF-I and PPAF-II specifically exhibited phenol oxidase activity. The purified PPAF-I with a molecular mass of 33 kDa on SDS/PAGE had characteristics of a serine protease. It exhibited amidase activity against fluorogenic peptide substrates, tert-butoxycarbonyl-phenylalanyl-seryl-arginyl-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide being the best among the substrates examined. The activity was completely inhibited by 0.02 mM p-nitrophenyl-p'-guanidinobenzoate HCl and diisopropylflurophosphate. The NH2-terminal sequence of PPAF-I had significant sequence similarity to those of serine proteases. On the other hand, the purified PPAF-II had a molecular mass of 40 kDa on SDS/PAGE and 400 kDa determined by gel filtration, indicating an oligomeric protein. The NH2-terminal sequence of PPAF-II showed no similarity to known proteins. PPAF-II exhibited no amidase activity against the fluorogenic substrates. Reconstitution experiments and immunoblotting analysis using affinity-purified antibody against pro-PO demonstrated that PPAF-I first cleaves the intact pro-PO to an intermediate of 76 kDa with no phenol oxidase activity, and then, PPAF-I converts the intermediate to the active phenol oxidase of 60 kDa in the presence of PPAF-II. These results indicate that the activation of pro-PO system in hemolymph of H. diomphalia larvae is accomplished by at least two activating factors, a serine protease and a protein cofactor.
β-Particle–Emitting Radioactive Stent Implantation (1999)

The use of radioactive stents with an activity of 0.75 to 1.5 microCi is safe and feasible.
Clinical study of peanut and nut allergy in 62 consecutive patients: new features and associations (1996)

Sensitisation, mainly to peanuts, is occurring in very young children, and multiple peanut/nut allergies appear progressively. Peanut and nut allergy is becoming common and can cause life threatening reactions. The main danger is laryngeal oedema. Young atopic children should avoid peanuts and nuts to prevent the development of this allergy.
Detection and identification of mycobacteria by amplification of RNA and DNA in pretreated blood and bone marrow aspirates by a simple lysis method (1997)

A sodium dodecyl (lauryl) sulfate method was evaluated for the preparation of blood specimens and bone marrow aspirates for use in two amplification procedures (Gen-Probe Amplified Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Test [AMTDT] and Roche Amplicor M. avium/M. intracellulare [MAI] Test) for the detection and identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. avium and M. intracellulare, respectively. The AMTDT is based on amplification of rRNA, whereas the Amplicor MAI Test amplifies a specific DNA region of the 16S rRNA gene. The results of amplification techniques were compared with those of standard culture and culture in BACTEC 13A and BACTEC 12B liquid media. A total of 121 blood specimens and 15 bone marrow aspirates were collected from 136 AIDS patients. Mycobacterial growth was recovered for 103 specimens; 35 yielded M. tuberculosis, 62 yielded M. avium, 5 yielded M. genavense, and 1 yielded M. kansasii. The values of sensitivity and specificity in pretreated specimens for detection of M. tuberculosis by the AMTDT were 94.3 and 100%, respectively, and those for detection of M. avium by the Amplicor MAI Test were 91.9 and 100%, respectively. The simple lysis method described in the present work allows the recovery of mycobacteria from blood specimens and bone marrow aspirates and may be used in combination with the AMTDT and the Amplicor MAI Test to detect and identify different members of the genus Mycobacterium. This method might also be applicable for the identification of mycobacteria from blood culture fluids with acridinium-ester-labeled DNA probes.
Intelligent advertising framework for digital signage (2012)

How to realize targeted advertising in digital signage is an interesting question. This paper proposed an Intelligent Advertising Framework (IAF), which pioneers the integration of Anonymous Viewer Analytics (AVA) and Data Mining technologies to achieve Targeted and interactive Advertising. IAF correlates AVA viewership information with point-of-sale (POS) data, and establishes a link between the response time to an ad by a certain demographic group and the effect on the sale of the advertised product. With the advertising models learned based on this correlation, IAF can provide advertisers and retailers with intelligence to show the right ads to right audience in right location at right time. Preliminary results indicate that IAF will greatly improve the effect and utility of advertising and maximize the Return on Investment (ROI) of advertisers and retailers. The demo shows Intel's leadership regarding intelligent advertising in the Digital Signage industry.
Treatment with Chemotherapy and Dendritic Cells Pulsed with Multiple Wilms' Tumor 1 (WT1)–Specific MHC Class I/II–Restricted Epitopes for Pancreatic Cancer (2014)

The activation of WT1-specific immune responses by DC/WT1-I/II combined with chemotherapy may be associated with disease stability in advanced pancreatic cancer.
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Influences Postischemic Heart Function (1995)

Metabolic reversal of contractile dysfunction was achieved in isolated hearts by counteracting depressed PDH activity in the postischemic myocardium. Improved cardiac performance did not result from, nor require, increased glycolysis secondary to the activation of PDH. Rather, restoring carbon flux through PDH alone was sufficient to improve mechanical work by postischemic hearts.
Blends of Reactive Diluents with Phenylethynyl-Terminated Arylene Ether Oligomers (1996)

A series of blends containing phenylethynyl-terminated arylene ether (PETAE) oligomers and phenylethynyl-containing reactive diluents were prepared and characterized. Most of the blends prepared met the objective of this work which was to further modify the PETAE oligomers in order to improve solvent resistance, increase modulus and adhesive strength, and reduce melt viscosity. The cured blends generally have higher glass transition temperatures and improved mechanical properties compared with the analogous thermoplastic polymers.
Las elecciones legislativas de Marruecos de 2016: contexto y lecturas (2016)

Despues de cuatro anos al frente de un gobierno de coalicion, en una cohabitacion subordinada a la Monarquia, el Partido de la Justicia y el Desarrollo (PJD) volvio a ganar en las elecciones legislativas de Marruecos por mayoria simple. La campana electoral estuvo polarizada entre los vencedores y el Partido de la Autenticidad y la Modernidad (PAM), que se presentaba como la alternativa liberal y secular respaldada por la Monarquia frente al modelo islamista y conservador del PJD. Tras recibir el encargo de formar gobierno en su condicion de partido mas votado, el lider del PJD esta encontrando dificultades para lograr una coalicion de gobierno en un proceso que constituye un test para calibrar la correlacion de fuerzas entre la formacion islamista y la Monarquia.
Divergent Behavior of Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) in the Metalation of 1,3-Di(2-pyridyl)benzene (1999)

1,3-Di(2-pyridyl)benzene undergoes regioselective orthometalation with Pd(OAc)2 on the central aryl ring, giving rise to a dimeric complex in which four acetate units act as bridges between two doubly metalated ligands and each pyridine ligand coordinates to a different metal atom. The reaction with chloride-containing Pd(II) complexes does not lead to C−H activation but to coordination complexes without Pd−C bonds. Cycloplatination of 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)benzene takes place at C-2 of the benzene ring, generating a terdentate ligand. This behavior is the same as that previously observed for Ru and Os. Both orthometalated complexes have been structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction.
Simulation and expected performance analysis of multiple processor Z-buffer systems (1980)

The results of expected performance analysis and simulation of three multiple processor Z-buffer architectures are presented. These architectures have been proposed as approaches to applying many processors, working in parallel, to the task of rapidly creating shaded raster images. These architectures are attractive since they offer potentially high performance, in terms of image update rate, at modest cost. All three approaches make use of multiple instances of identical processor modules.The analyses and simulations indicate that substantial gain is possible by applying multiple processors to the task. But, as more and more processors are added, additional gains in performance become smaller and smaller. This result suggests optimal system sizes. The performance of these architectures depends on the processors used, the number of processors, and certain characteristics of the image environments. Each architecture has its own performance characteristics and limitations.
Kinome-wide RNAi studies in human multiple myeloma identify vulnerable kinase targets, including a lymphoid-restricted kinase, GRK6 (2009)

A paucity of validated kinase targets in human multiple myeloma has delayed clinical deployment of kinase inhibitors in treatment strategies. We therefore conducted a kinome-wide small interfering RNA (siRNA) lethality study in myeloma tumor lines bearing common t(4;14), t(14;16), and t(11;14) translocations to identify critically vulnerable kinases in myeloma tumor cells without regard to preconceived mechanistic notions. Fifteen kinases were repeatedly vulnerable in myeloma cells, including AKT1, AK3L1, AURKA, AURKB, CDC2L1, CDK5R2, FES, FLT4, GAK, GRK6, HK1, PKN1, PLK1, SMG1, and TNK2. Whereas several kinases (PLK1, HK1) were equally vulnerable in epithelial cells, others and particularly G protein-coupled receptor kinase, GRK6, appeared selectively vulnerable in myeloma. GRK6 inhibition was lethal to 6 of 7 myeloma tumor lines but was tolerated in 7 of 7 human cell lines. GRK6 exhibits lymphoid-restricted expression, and from coimmunoprecipitation studies we demonstrate that expression in myeloma cells is regulated via direct association with the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) chaperone. GRK6 silencing causes suppression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation associated with reduction in MCL1 levels and phosphorylation, illustrating a potent mechanism for the cytotoxicity of GRK6 inhibition in multiple myeloma (MM) tumor cells. As mice that lack GRK6 are healthy, inhibition of GRK6 represents a uniquely targeted novel therapeutic strategy in human multiple myeloma.