gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Ethoecology of Anolis nebulosus (Sauria, Iguanidae) (1970)

A population of Anolis nebulosus located near Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico was studied in the field and laboratory from June, 1965 to September, 1968. The population showed a female : male sex ratio of 50:49. The males in the spring were larger than the females, averaging 41.4 and 35.8 mm, respectively; however, no difference in the length-weight relationship occurred between the sexes. The Nayarit study area supported 90 lizards totalling 120 gm/1,000 m2 during the spring, prior to breeding. Few lizards appeared to live more than a year in nature. A. nebulosus were limited baskers, seeking shade when their cloacal temperatures reached approximately 29.7 C. There was a partial subdivision of the habitat between the larger males and the remaining members of the population with regard to perch height and microhabitat. Males also had much larger home ranges than females, averaging 1.99 + 0.23 and 0.62 + 0.14 m2, respectively. There was a trend for the bigger animals to possess larger home ranges. The home ranges were not uniformly distributed on the study area, but were associated with certain features of the habitat. While the home ranges of the large males overlapped those of the smaller males, the large male home ranges were exclusive of those of other large males. Few home ranges of females touched one another, yet the distribution of female home ranges was an almost perfect overlap with the male home ranges. Males and females shared a common behavioral repertoire, although the frequency of use and social context differed at times. Males and females were territorial and showed pronounced agonistic behavior toward members of their own sex. The reproductive season was correlated with the rainy season. Mating lasted from late May through August, and the appearance of hatchlings from the latter part of August to the end of October. 1.Present address: Museum of Comparative Zoology, Haard University, Cambridge, Mass. 02138. 1. Present address: Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. 02138. 1970 JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY 4(1-2): 1-38 (1) This content downloaded from 157.55.39.215 on Tue, 30 Aug 2016 05:27:40 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms
Determination of the promoter strength in the mixed transcription system: promoters of lactose, tryplophan and ribosomal protein L10 operons from<i>Excherichia Coli</i> (1983)

In vitro transcription was performed in a single reaction mixture, which contained three species of truncated E. coli DNA template, each carrying one specific promoter, lacP (UV5), trpP or rplJp, and the transcripts of distinct sizes were analyzed by electrophoresis on the same gel. Using this "mixed transcription" system, the order of the promoter strength, i.e., the capacity to form stable open complex, was determined in the single-round transcription under the standard conditions (50 mM NaCl and 37 degrees C) to be lacP greater than trpP greater than rplJp, the latter two promoters being 30--40% and 5--10% the strength of lacP, respectively. After the multiple-round transcription, however, the level of trp transcription was the lowest due to low cyclic-reaction rate but became the highest when another trp fragment containing the natural terminator was used as the template. The order of the transcription level also varied depending on the ionic strength and the reaction temperature and, as a result, lacP was no more the strongest under high salt concentration and at high temperature.
Spar-type platform design for the offshore floating nuclear power plant (2014)

There exists the potential for substantial gains in safety, physical security, and economics for nuclear electricity supply through the development of an Offshore Floating Nuclear Plant (OFNP). Utilizing the most reliable and efficient construction techniques, this plant can be built from modular components in a shipyard as a partially submerged floating spar platform. The plant can then be floated to a site between 5 and 10 miles off the coast, moored in approximately 100-meter deep water, and connected to the grid via an underwater transmission line. The OFNP is designed to take full advantage of its environment to include passive cooling systems that eliminate the loss of ultimate heat sink accident, thereby decreasing the likelihood of severe accidents. The platform’s structural design, mooring system, and siting protect it against severe weather systems and render it immune to tsunamis and seismic activity. Furthermore, the OFNP containment design and venting procedures effectively eliminate the threat of serious land contamination, should a severe accident actually occur. The OFNP overall design builds on decades of offshore oil drilling experience and is derived from a shortened cylindrical spar platform. The platform has a skirt diameter of 75 m, a waterline diameter of 45 m, an operational draft of 48.5 m, and a total weight of about 38,200 tons when the skirt is empty. The spar design maximizes hydrodynamic stability, has been tested in various locations around the world in oil extraction, and offers significant protection to critical systems from external threats. The reactor containment is located below sea level and centered in a hull surrounded by seawater. This positioning offers both considerable physical security as well as unique opportunities in passive cooling. Watertight levels house safety critical systems (e.g. reactor, spent fuel pool, control room, battery room), the steam cycle, the condensate storage tank, and the desalination plant, whereas upper levels house important albeit non-critical components, such as the living quarters, a non-safety diesel generator, and the helipad. The OFNP design eliminates all concrete and most site preparation; therefore it can be deployed on a faster timescale than traditional terrestrial based plants. (author)
The inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein modulates agonist-stimulated cAMP production in rat osteosarcoma cells. (1986)

We identified the subunits of the stimulatory and inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding proteins (Gs and Gi, respectively) associated with adenylate cyclase in rat osteosarcoma (ROS) cells. Pertussis toxin catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of Gi alpha in ROS cells increased agonist (PTH and isoproterenol)-stimulated, but not basal, cAMP production. The effect of pertussis toxin was dose and time dependent, and slowly reversible (T 1/2 approximately 30 h) during continued culture without toxin. Pertussis toxin treatment of ROS cell lines (17/2.8 and 24/l) with markedly different agonist responsiveness increased agonist-stimulated cAMP production in proportion to the response without toxin treatment. Pertussis toxin treatment further increased cAMP response to PTH in dexamethasone treated cells. We conclude that ROS cells contain functional Gi which modulates agonist-stimulated cAMP formation. Alterations in ROS cAMP responsiveness caused by steroids, and the reduced responsiveness of the 24/1 cell line, however, are unlikely to be due to changes in Gi.
Periosteal distraction in cranio-maxillofacial region (2016)

Although many different materials, techniques and methods have been used to repair various bone defects in the in cranio-maxillofacial region, Reconstructive management of the atrophic, edentulous mandible and maxilla continues to pose a clinical challenge for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Recently, the idea of osteogenesis by periosteal distraction without a corticotomy for the treatment of bone deficiencies in the atrophic and edentulous area has been suggested. The purpose of this article to review the literature on the role of periosteal distraction in osteogenesisin cranio-maxillofacial region.

Key words: Cranio-maxillofacial region, Distraction osteogensis, Periosteal distraction, Periosteal elevation, Periosteal expansion, Periosteum
Viral Genetic Determinants of Nonprogressive HIV Type 1 Subtype C Infection in Antiretroviral Drug-Naive Children (2009)

Characterization of HIV-1 from slow progressors is important to facilitate vaccine and antiviral drug development. To identify virus attenuations that may contribute to slower rates of disease progression, the full-length viral genomes from primary isolates of six slow progressing HIV-positive children were sequenced. Proviral DNA was extracted from cocultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells and used to PCR amplify, sequence, and extensively analyze the near full-length genomes and LTR regions. All primary HIV-1 isolates were HIV-1 subtype C throughout their genome, and amino acid (AA) sequence analysis revealed open reading frames for all genes. However, all isolates had at least one unusual gene/protein. For example, isolate LT5 had a 2AA insertion in the Vpr mitochondriotoxic domain. Isolate LT21 contained an additional 5AA in the C-terminus of tat exon 2, while integrase in isolate LT39 had an additional 4AA at the C-terminus. Rev from isolates LT45 and LT46 did not have the characteristic subtype C 16AA truncation, and in addition, had a further 3AA. Furthermore, altered functional domains were noted in several isolates, such as the cAMP-dependent kinase PKA phosphorylation site in Nef (LT5), a Vpr mutation involved in decreased proapoptotic activity (all isolates), and the Nef ExxxLL motif involved in the interaction with AP-1 and AP-2 (LT46). The slower HIV-1 disease progression in these six children may be attributed to altered protein functions. For example, LT46 Nef is unable to bind AP-1 and AP-2 and therefore is inactive on CD4 endocytosis. The biological relevance of these findings requires further investigation.
Regional entrainment of atrial fibrillation studied by high-resolution mapping in open-chest dogs. (1993)

During atrial fibrillation, an area with a diameter of about 4 cm can be entrained by local pacing. The resulting reduction in fibrillating tissue mass was not sufficient to terminate atrial fibrillation. Extension of the area of entrainment was limited by intra-atrial conduction block, whereas entrainment at a too high rate resulted in acceleration of atrial fibrillation by induction of local microreentry.
Characterization of Graphene-Nanoplatelets Structure via Thermogravimetry (2015)

The rapid increase in graphene-based applications has been accompanied by novel top-down manufacturing methods for graphene and its derivatives (e.g., graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs)). The characterization of the bulk properties of these materials by imaging and surface techniques (e.g., electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy) is only possible through laborious and time-consuming statistical analysis, which precludes simple and efficient quality control during GnP production. We report that thermogravimetry (TG) may be utilized, beyond its conventional applications (e.g., quantification of impurities or surfactants, or labile functional groups) to characterize bulk GnP properties. We characterize the structural parameters of GnP (i.e., defect density, mean lateral dimension, and polydispersity) by imaging and surface techniques, on one hand, and by a systematic TG, on the other. The combined data demonstrate that the combustion temperature of commercially available and laboratory-prepared GnPs is correlated with their mean lateral dimension and defect density, while the combustion temperature range is proportional to their polydispersity index. Mapping all these parameters allows one to evaluate the GnPs' structure following a simple thermogravimetric experiment (without necessitating further statistical analysis). Finally, TG is also used to detect and quantify different GnP constituents in powder and to conduct rapid quality-control tests during GnP production.
Biomechanical computed tomography—noninvasive bone strength analysis using clinical computed tomography scans (2010)

The combination of finite element modeling, biomechanics, and clinical computed tomography (CT) scanning-biomechanical CT (BCT)-is a powerful research technique for noninvasive assessment of whole-bone strength and is now being used in clinical research studies. Well supported by cadaver studies, the technique is providing substantial new insight into drug treatment effects, can show treatment effects earlier than dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and has shown greater sensitivity than DXA in fracture risk assessment. Because the technique can be used as an ancillary "add-on" analysis to previously acquired CT scans containing either the hip or spine, it should be possible to implement this technology clinically in a highly cost-effective manner. This strategy, if applied to those not previously tested by DXA, has the potential to greatly increase the number of individuals identified as being at high risk for osteoporotic fracture.
[Structure determination of clinical dextran]. (1986)

Crude dextran, a fermentation product of cane sugar with Leuconostoc mesenteroides No. 1226, is partially depolymerized to obtain clinical dextran (D), which has been used effectively as blood volume expander. It has been. reported that side effects in clinical use is attributed to undesirable structure of D.The structure of D is determined by permethylation using Hakomori′s procedure, followed by acid hydrolysis, sodium borohydride reduction and acetylation. The methylated and acetylated components are then separated by gas chromatography and identified by mass spectroscopy. The results show that D contains α-D-(1→6) linkages in the main chain, with branched points of α-D-(1→3)and a few α-D-(1→2) linkages. The molar ratio of glucosyl residues with different linkages is calculated by using molar effective carbon response, and the structure of D is primarily postulated with an average repeating unit of 12 sugar residues.
Glassy transitions in semicrystalline polymers (1975)

Abstract Considerable confusion exists in the literature concerning the glass temperature, T g , of many highly crystalline polymers, in particular, linear polyethylene (PE), poly(vinyl fluoride) (PVF), poly(vinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), poly(oxymethylene) (POM), and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). We attempt to resolve some of this confusion first, by defining the nature of the problem; second, by developing criteria for defining the locations along a relative temperature scale (T/T g or T/T M ) of the key relaxations and transitions, T g , T < T g , T M , and Tα c for C‐C and CO backbone polymers free from long alkyl side groups; third, by developing a set of typical mechanical relaxation spectra for amorphous, semicrystalline, and single crystal materials of known T g ; fourth, by defining the concept of a double glass transition with values T g (L) and T g (U) and the optimum conditions for observing same. Finally, we apply these concepts and criteria to resolving the value of T g for PVF and PVDF. Criteria employed include ratios of relaxation temperatures such as (T < T g )/T g , Tα c /T M , and T g /T M , typical activation enthalpies for various relaxation processes, thermal expansion and heat capacity data. Two theoretical subjects are explored: the effect of crystallinity on increasing T g and the effect of crystallinity on the relative strengths of the T g and T < T g processes. We also employ a “comparative anatomy” technique of comparing temperatures and related activation enthalpies of the several relaxations and transitions for a series of closely related polymers such as PE, PVF, PVDF, PTFE, Polytrifluorochloroethylene, and poly(vinyl chloride). We suggest that a new scientific discipline of interpreting the relaxation spectra of crystalline polymers may be emerging through integration of a large body of literature, the refinement of old criteria, and the development of new criteria. Even so, we are not yet able to offer a satisfactory interpretation of the relaxation spectra for POM and PEO.
Estimation of maize damage caused by Corvus corone sardonius in Sheben Al- kom Menofiya governorate (2013)

This work was done over two years (2009, 2010) to detect the adverse effects of crows on maize and study their abundance in maize cultivated area. I choose ten Fadden planted with maize. Out of those, I used thirty plants of random out of ten rows at various locations. I counted total number of corn ears on those plants, and determined total number of damaged ears to calculate percentage of damage and recorded. Furthermore, I counted number of crows and their nests. Nests dimensions and contents were determined. The results reflect the extent of crow's damage to reach 3.01% up to 3.16 % in the studied fields. Nests are presented in highest trees. They consisted of thick branches, leaves and paper and lined with soft materials. Nests have length ranging from 18 to 30 cm. whereas their width appeared to be 32.5 cm as a mean Moreover numbers of crows are different according to various months and year. It is appeared to be 33.10, 30.00, 36.45 in May, June, and July in 2009 year respectively. However they appeared to be 17.05, 10.65, 14.90 in May, June, and July respectively in year 2010.
Reversible Insertion of Iridium into a Cyclopropenyl Carbon-Carbon Bond (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReversible Insertion of Iridium into a Cyclopropenyl Carbon-Carbon BondRussell P. Hughes, David S. Tucker, and Arnold L. RheingoldCite this: Organometallics 1994, 13, 12, 4664–4666Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00024a006https://doi.org/10.1021/om00024a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Soft computing for content generation: Trading market in a basketball management video game (2013)

Although procedural and assisted content generation have attracted a lot of attention in both academic and industrial research in video games, there are few cases in the literature in which they have been applied to sport management games. The on-line variants of these games produce a lot of information concerning how the users interact with each other in the game. This contribution presents the application of soft computing techniques in the context of content generation for an on-line massive basketball management simulation game (in particular in the virtual trading market of the game). This application is developed in two different directions: (1) a machine learning model to analyze the appeal of the trading market contents (the virtual basketball players in the game), and (2) an evolutionary algorithm to assist users in the design of new contents (training of virtual basketball players).
Design And Experiment Of A Passive Sit-To-Stand And Walking (STSW) Assistance Device For The Elderly (2018)

Most elderly people complain about the discomfort of movements such as a sit-to-stand (STS) motion through losing their muscular strength of lower extremity over aging. This paper presents a novel passive sit-to-stand and walking (STSW) assistance device to aid in physical support for indoor daily life of the elderly. The STSW assistance device is actuated by a pneumatic cylinder and a gas spring. The standing motion is driven by extension of actuators and the sitting motion is driven naturally with gravitational force of user's weight that reloads actuators. The effect of physical support by using this device was evaluated by experiment with measuring electromyograph signals of subjects during STS motion. As a result, the reduction rate of average maximal voluntary isometric contraction with assistance by the STSW device is about 51.2%. This means that users with the assistive device can stand up by using only about half of muscular activation in the case of natural standing up.
Rear-View Scene Analysis Using Monocular Camera for ADAS Applications (2018)

Navigation and mapping along with visual scene observation in any unknown environments is a fundamental building block for increased autonomy of driving functionality or unmanned vehicles since external positioning systems can be susceptible to interference or simply being inaccessible. These advanced systems require signal processing of vehicle sensor data to estimate motion relative to the surrounding environment and to simultaneously estimate various kind of activity of the surrounding environment. Rear-view scene visualization and analysis using monocular camera is an essential task for surrounding environment modelling of any vehicle moving to forward or backward in Autonomous Driving and Driver Assistance System as well. These paper represent primarily for positional awareness, prediction of any critical situation for safety and manoeuvre in rear side environment.
New urinary biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease (2013)

Diabetic kidney disease is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in developed and developing countries. Microalbuminuria is the gold standard for detection and prediction of diabetic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk disease in clinical practice. However, microalbuminuria has several limitations, such as lower sensitive, larger variability. It is urgent to explore higher sensitivity and specificity for earlier detection of diabetic kidney disease and more accurate prediction of the progression to end stage renal disease. We reviewed some new and important urinary biomarkers, such as: transferrin, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, Cystanic C, podocytes, type IV collagen, 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine, ceruloplasmin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and so on. We need good quality, long-term, large longitudinal trials to validate published biomarkers and find new biomarkers, considering biomarkers reviewed here are from small cross-sectional studies.
The natural history of atopic dermatitis (2000)

In a chapter such as this, it is tempting to simply repeat the same list of studies on the natural history of atopic dermatitis (AD) which have been quoted in other texts with little reservation. This would lead to a perpetuation of many of the myths surrounding this area. Instead, we will focus on highlighting the potentially serious flaws in previous studies which have examined the natural history of AD, and draw attention to major gaps in our current knowledge in order for future researchers to move forward in this important area. Before we do this, we should remind ourselves why studying the natural history of AD is important.