gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Testing Web Service Orchestrators in Context: A Symbolic Approach (2010)

An orchestrator in a Web Service system is a locally deployed piece of software used both to allow users to interact with the system and to communicate with remote components (Web Services) in order to fulfill a goal. We propose a symbolic model based approach to test orchestrators in the context of the systems they pilot. Our approach only takes as input a model of the orchestrator and no models of the Web Services. Besides, the testing architecture is a parameter: communications between Web Services and the orchestrator can be either simulated, or hidden or observable. When they are simulated, the orchestrator is tested in isolation and our approach comes to already defined classical model-based unit testing approaches. When the System Under Test is connected with Web Services (that is, in actual usage) it is no longer fully controlled by the tester, but tested in context In that case two situations may occur: either communications with Web Services are observable or they are hidden. Our approach copes with those cases. We give theorems relating our notion of conformance in context with regard to classical conformance of components in isolation. We present a test case generation algorithm based on symbolic execution techniques: it takes into account the status (controllable, hidden, or observable) of communication channels between the orchestrator and Web Services. The algorithm has been implemented and is illustrated on a small case study.
Production and Purification of the Extracellular Ribonuclease of Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens (Barnase) and its Intracellular Inhibitor (Barstar) (1972)

Abstract Procedures are presented for the large-scale growth of Bacillus amylo-liquefaciens and the concentration and purification of its extracellular ribo-nuclease (barnase). Improvements over earlier methods include economy, the reduction of labor, and Improved purity of product, especially in the elimination of traces of protease. The bacterial cells obtained as a by-product may be used as a starting point for the isolation of barstar, the intracellular inhibitor of barnase1. Experiments relating to the purity, amino-acid composition and molecular weight of the product are also reported.
The effect of administered corticosteroids on the growth of children (1976)

The growth-inhibiting effect of exogenous corticosteroids has been reported in many papers. Most of them have concerned the clinical problems of asthma and rheumatoid arthritis but it is probable that the underlying disease is relatively unimportant in determining the effect on growth. Steroid therapy on alternate days seems to produce less undesirable effects than steroid treatment every day and corticotrophin may be preferable. Although the mechanisms are uncertain it seems likely that the action is peripheral and certainly exogenous growth hormone does not prevent the steroid effect. A minimal dosage of corticosteroids should always be used in replacement therapy for hypopituitarism.
Polarization-controlled switching in cycloidal nematic liquid crystals (2006)

Cycloidal nematic liquid crystal cells are capable of high diffraction efficiency in thin layers of materials comparable to the radiation wavelength. We demonstrate switching between diffraction orders of such grating using phase retarder.
A CAD tool for circuit extraction from VLSI layout cells (2003)

The authors present an approach to converting and displaying a VLSI layout definition file, such as one produced by the MAGIC layout editing system, into a circuit diagram. The ideas presented have been incorporated into a software tool written in C language for the Microvax GPX/II workstation; the routines in the graphic kernel system are used for the graphics component of the software. An example of a cell layout developed using MAGIC is shown along with the MAGIC layout definition file relative to this. It is also demonstrated that the circuit diagram developed by such a CAD (computer-aided design) tool can be useful in verification of layout. The terminal interconnectivity information generated from the layout definition file can also be used directly for circuit simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A method to automate user interface testing using variable finite state machines (2002)

A method has been developed that allows automating a portion of interface testing. A core component of this method is a simple, yet flexible way to specify a formal model of a user interface, named variable finite state machines (VFSM). The model can be converted into an equivalent finite state machine, from which tests can be generated. The method has been applied to the user interface of Navigator II, a wearable computer system employed by aircraft repair personnel. A VFSM model of the interface was constructed and used to generate 5,968 tests, each composed of an input sequence and its corresponding expected output sequence. The tests were then applied to an instrumented form of the interface, and the results were compared to the expected output. From the data collected, three error sources were detected in the original interface that had escaped months of previous debugging efforts and field usage.
Imaging the Cone State of the Spin Reorientation Transition (2008)

The magnetization behavior and the domain pattern in remanence are studied in Co/Pt multilayers. The reorientation of magnetization from perpendicular to in plane is found to happen via the state of canted magnetization. In the transition from an easy axis to an easy plane a stable domain pattern in the in-plane magnetization components is found for Co/Pt multilayers. The analysis of the domain pattern reveals that the magnetization canting is such that all in-plane orientations of magnetization are equally occupied. The found structure is appointed to the cone state.
Prognostic correlation of plasma cell acid phosphatase and beta- glucuronidase in multiple myeloma: a Southwest Oncology Group study [see comments] (1991)

In 1982 a randomized trial of either alternating or syncopated VMCP/VBAP regimens for the treatment of active multiple myeloma was begun (Southwest Oncology Group Study 8229/30). A concurrent investigation was undertaken to evaluate the clinical importance and significance of cytochemically stainable plasma cell acid phosphatase (AP) and beta-glucuronidase enzymes (BG). Pretreatment bone marrow aspirates were available for analysis from 399 patients for AP and 398 patients for BG. The AP scores ranged between 42 and 395, and the BG scores ranged between 1 and 346. There was a significant increase of AP (P = .001) and BG (P = .002) in multiple myeloma as compared with a set of patients with benign plasmacytosis. The enzyme scores did not significantly relate to Ig idiotype of myeloma or other prognostic variables except that the BG scores varied significantly with the level of albumin (P = .03) and hemoglobin (P = .01). Analysis of patient groups with different levels of enzyme scores showed that 61 of 398 patients with an AP score of less than 130 had a poorer median survival of 1.7 versus 2.8 years for patients with higher scores (P = .001). In the multivariate analysis of survival, low AP score was an important prognostic factor (P = .006), but BG did not contribute significantly. It is suggested that the subset of patients presenting with low AP should be considered for specialized or more aggressive therapy.
Cloning and molecular characterization of cDNAs encoding three Ancylostoma ceylanicum secreted proteins (2013)

Ancylostoma ceylanicum belongs to a group of soil-transmitted helminths, which infect almost 576 mln people worldwide and are a major cause of anaemia and malnutrition. Upon contact with a permissive host, third-stage larvae (L3) residing in the environment become activated larvae (ssL3), a process associated with changes in the profile of gene expression. Ancylostoma secreted proteins (ASPs) are the major proteins secreted during larvae activation and play a crucial role in hookworm adaptation to parasitism. Here we report the cloning using RACE-PCR technique of three novel ASPs from the hookworm A. ceylanicum (Ace-asp-3, Ace-asp-4, and Ace-asp-5) and computational analysis of the protein sequences. All three proteins contain SCP (Sperm Coating Protein) domain characteristic for previously described ASP proteins. Real-time PCR analysis shows significant up-regulation of Ace-asp-3 and Ace-asp-5 expression in adult worms and correlated down-regulation in ssL3 larvae. On the other hand, expression of Ace-asp-4 was increased in ssL3 stages and decreased in adult parasites.
High quality m-plane GaN grown under nitrogen-rich conditions by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy (2011)

Homoepitaxial growth of m-plane GaN (11¯00) as a function of substrate miscut and temperature was studied by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE). The authors demonstrate that it is possible to obtain high-quality GaN on the m-plane under nitrogen-rich conditions at 730 °C. This is in contrast to the c-plane where three-dimensional growth mode is observed under the same conditions. They find a strong growth anisotropy and describe GaN (11¯00) surface morphology dependence on the sample miscut direction. The results indicate that by introducing a sample miscut toward ⟨112¯6¯⟩ one may expect parallel atomic steps when growing under nitrogen-rich conditions at 730 °C by PAMBE.
The association between subchondral bone cysts and tibial cartilage volume and risk of joint replacement in people with knee osteoarthritis: a longitudinal study (2010)

When cysts are present, cartilage loss and risk of knee replacement are higher than if only BMLs are present, suggesting that cysts identify those most likely to benefit from prevention of disease progression. As cysts can regress, they may also provide therapeutic targets in knee OA.
Increased Intracellular Targeting to Airway Cells Using Octaarginine-Coated Liposomes:  In Vitro Assessment of Their Suitability for Inhalation (2005)

Delivery of macromolecular drugs to airway cells after inhalation can be limited by rapid clearance, in vivo degradation, and poor intracellular targeting. Liposome carriers offer an effective method of improving drug stability, but conventional liposomes have limited intracellular targeting capacity and are cleared rapidly by the lungs. Further modification is required to improve liposome-cell interaction and intracellular targeting. Therefore, we proposed conjugating three arginine-rich membrane translocating peptides, namely, HIV-TAT, Antennapedia, and octaarginine, to neutral liposomes as a biocompatible alternative to cationic lipids for intracellular delivery of macromolecules to airway cells. Conjugation did not significantly affect liposome stability, and each system was nebulized to produce aerosols of mean aerodynamic diameter < 1.5 microm. The peptides caused a significant (p < 0.05) increase in liposome-airway cell association compared to untagged liposomes and to DOTAP liposomes. Up to 30% of the peptide-conjugated liposomes added were bound and internalized (via a temperature-dependent, endocytic process) after just 2 h. The novel carriers all delivered encapsulated dextrans rapidly and efficiently to the cytoplasm of Calu-3 cells. Once internalized by the cells, the modified carriers localize for the most part in the cytoplasm with only a small amount of nuclear localization. These peptide-conjugated liposomes were significantly (p < 0.05) less toxic than DOTAP liposomes with octaarginine-coated liposomes the least toxic. These systems, particularly octaarginine-coated liposomes, offer many advantages for drug delivery to airway epithelial cells including increased stability, improved cell binding, and cell uptake with an improved toxicity profile.
JOHN MORRIS (1977)

Journal Article JOHN MORRIS Get access Christopher Hill Christopher Hill Balliol CollegeOxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Past & Present, Volume 75, Issue 1, May 1977, Pages 3–4, https://doi.org/10.1093/past/75.1.3 Published: 01 May 1977
A functional isoform of the human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor has an unusual cytoplasmic domain. (1991)

The granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) receptor (GMR) transduces a signal that results in the proliferation, differentiation, and functional activation of hematopoietic cells. This study sought to determine whether functional isoforms of the receptor exist that may be important in generating this diversity of cellular response. We have isolated a cDNA encoding an isoform of the low-affinity human GMR that is a product of alternative splicing of the GMR gene and results in a predicted 410-amino acid protein with a cytoplasmic domain that is rich in serine residues, a feature of regions critical in signal transduction for other receptors of the hematopoietin receptor superfamily. This receptor bound ligand and was functionally active when introduced into a murine factor-dependent cell line; mRNA transcripts representative of this isoform were coexpressed with those for a previously isolated 400-amino acid isoform of the GMR in normal hematopoietic and leukemic cells. In view of the recent isolation of a cDNA, designated GM-CSF R beta, that confers high-affinity binding of GM-CSF in cotransfection experiments with the low-affinity receptor, we suggest that the previously isolated low-affinity receptor be designated GM-CSF R alpha 1 and the one described in this report be designated GM-CSF R alpha 2.
A New Approach for Color-Based Object Recognition with Fusion of Color Models (2008)

In real images, color recognition is a challenging problem because of natural variations in light and shadows. Most existing color models have limitations in distinctive representation of colors in real scenes. Here, a linear combination of multiple color models is assumed. The approach makes color edges in the target as main character for recognition. It combined multiple color models to make the recognition stable under varying imaging conditions. A proper weighting scheme to combine color spaces is obtained with the mathematical selection model of Markowitz, and the corresponding weights are obtained by multi-objective optimization. Effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method is demonstrated through various natural scene images.
Evaluation of performance properties of 50% recycled asphalt mixtures using three types of rejuvenators (2019)

In this study Cyclogen, Rapiol and waste cooking oil was used as rejuvenators to improve properties of aged bitumen. The effects of these rejuvenators on asphalt mixtures containing 50% of reclaimed asphalt pavement specimens was evaluated using dynamic creep, resilient modulus, low temperature fracture energy and moisture susceptibility tests and the results was compared to recycled mixtures without rejuvenator and control HMA mixtures. The results showed that the rejuvenators are effective in alleviating the aging effect of RAP bitumen. Waste cooking oil performed better than other studied rejuvenators followed by Cyclogen and Rapiol. However, moisture resistance was impaired when rejuvenators were used.
Lower-Extremity Lymphedema and Elevated Body-Mass Index (2012)

This letter reports lymphedema in 5 of 15 morbidly obese patients and suggests that morbid obesity may constitute a novel cause of lymphedema.
Influence of the Tumor Microenvironment on Cancer Cells Metabolic Reprogramming (2018)

As with castles, tumor cells are fortified by surrounding non-malignant cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune cells, but also nerve fibers and extracellular matrix. In most cancers, this fortification creates a considerable solid pressure which limits oxygen and nutrient delivery to the tumor cells and causes a hypoxic and nutritional stress. Consequently, tumor cells have to adapt their metabolism to survive and proliferate in this harsh microenvironment. To satisfy their need in energy and biomass, tumor cells develop new capacities to benefit from metabolites of the microenvironment, either by their uptake through the macropinocytosis process or through metabolite transporters, or by a cross-talk with stromal cells and capture of extracellular vesicles that are released by the neighboring cells. However, the microenvironments of primary tumor and metastatic niches differ tremendously in their cellular/acellular components and available nutrients. Therefore, cancer cells must develop a metabolic flexibility conferring on them the ability to satisfy their biomass and energetic demands at both primary and metastasis sites. In this review, we propose a brief overview of how proliferating cancer cells take advantage of their surrounding microenvironment to satisfy their high metabolic demand at both primary and metastasis sites.
Investigation of static and dynamic characteristics of SOI-LDMOSFETs passivated with semi-insulating layers (2002)

Lateral 600-V DMOSFETs on SOI (silicon-on-insulator) substrates have been used as test devices to compare conventional oxide passivation with a passivation system consisting of oxide and an additional semiresistive layer (SIPOS or Si/sub x/N/sub y/). The effect of the passivation on the breakdown voltage and the dependence of the reverse I-V characteristic on the passivation system, temperature, and substrate voltage are discussed. Both semiresistive layers, SIPOS and Si/sub x/N/sub y/, are shown to reduce the backgate effect in the breakdown voltage and are therefore superior to the conventional oxide passivation. The level of the reverse current is not increased by the parasitic current through the semiresistive layer but is significantly affected by a similar backgate effect. No indication of a degradation of the dynamic performance of the lateral MOSFETs by passivation with a stack of an oxide and a capping semiresistive layer was found.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optical thin film synthesis program based on the use of Fourier transforms (1978)

In Sossi's formulation of the Fourier transform method of optical multilayer design the refractive-index profile is derived for an inhomogeneous layer of infinite extent having the desired spectral transmittance. This layer is then approximated by a finite system of discrete homogeneous layers. Because it does not make any assumptions about the refractive indices, thicknesses, or number of layers, it is the most powerful analytical method proposed so far. The method has been programmed for a computer and combined with other numerical design procedures. With the program it is possible to design filters with almost any desired transmittance characteristics using realistic refractive indices.
Relationships between insect pests and weeds: an evolutionary perspective (2005)

Weeds are an important plant resource for insects, although feeding by insects on weeds can have both positive and negative effects on crop productivity. Weeds also indirectly affect crops via their influence on beneficial insects, and by harboring plant and insect diseases. Weeds may affect the ability of dispersing insects to locate crop plants. The host relationship between insects and plants is highly variable, ranging from very specialized to generalized feeding behaviors. Despite the myriad interactions of weeds and insects, many aspects of the relationship are predictable. Most insects, including crop pests, are specialists, and preadapted to feed only on some plants, often within a single plant family. Even polyphagous insects often have a distinct preference hierarchy, feeding more widely only when preferred hosts are unavailable. Use of plants by insects is a dynamic interaction, with characteristics of the insect (e.g., mandible structure) and the plant (e.g., allelochemicals) affecting feeding behavior. Thus, weeds that are closely related to crops are particularly important in harboring insects that attack those crops. Crop production practices should seek to sever the taxonomic association between the crop and the weeds found within the crop, and nearby, by eliminating weeds related to the crop. This will make it less likely that insects will move easily from weed to crop plants, that damaging population densities of insects will develop in the field, and that insect vectors that harbor plant diseases will be harbored in the field. Particularly important integrated pest management practices include crop rotation, reduced use of chemical herbicides, and management of weeds in noncultivated areas.
Connexin 26 regulates epidermal barrier and wound remodeling and promotes psoriasiform response (2006)

Inflammatory skin disorders result in significant epidermal changes, including keratinocyte hyperproliferation, incomplete differentiation, and impaired barrier. Here we test whether, conversely, an impaired epidermal barrier can promote an inflammatory response. Mice lacking the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 4 (Klf4) have a severe defect in epidermal barrier acquisition. Transcription profiling of Klf4(-/-) newborn skin revealed similar changes in gene expression to involved psoriatic plaques, including a significant upregulation of the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). Ectopic expression of Cx26 from the epidermis-specific involucrin (INV) promoter (INV-Cx26) demonstrated that downregulation of Cx26 is required for barrier acquisition during development. In juvenile and adult mice, persistent Cx26 expression kept wounded epidermis in a hyperproliferative state, blocked the transition to remodeling, and led to an infiltration of immune cells. Mechanistically, ectopic expression of Cx26 in keratinocytes resulted in increased ATP release, which delayed epidermal barrier recovery and promoted an inflammatory response in resident immune cells. These results provide a molecular link between barrier acquisition in utero and epidermal remodeling after wounding. More generally, these studies suggest that the most effective treatments for inflammatory skin disorders might concomitantly suppress the immune response and enhance epidermal differentiation to restore the barrier.
Immune Mechanisms of Protection (2014)

This chapter focuses on the immune mechanisms involved in protective immunity against tuberculosis, with the awareness that in most cases the immune response activated during infection with M. tuberculosis may be remarkably powerful yet insufficient. M. Lurie and E. Suter independently found that macrophages from immune animals expressed tuberculostatic activities, whereas those from normal animals permitted unrestricted bacillary multiplication. Although these studies suggested involvement of specific immune mechanisms, the investigators did not contest alternative strategies when they realized that immune serum did not influence tuberculostasis by mononuclear phagocytes (MP). The use of oxygen radical scavengers to probe the significance of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) in the antimycobacterial function of macrophages can potentially generate misleading information because of nonspecific effects of peroxynitrite anion, NO, superoxide anion chemicals. More importantly, the role that RNIs play in defense against pathogens has not been established in humans. Mycobactins, a group of iron-chelating growth factors of mycobacteria, have been considered a possible virulence factor of M. tuberculosis. In tuberculosis, the port of entry as well as the major organ of disease is the lung. Due the relationship between M. tuberculosis and host immunity underlying infection is a labile one, any diminution of protective immunity will cause progression into clinical disease.