gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
α‐Cationic Phosphines: Synthesis and Applications (2014)

In coordination chemistry, typical ancillary ligands are anionic or neutral species. Cationic ones are exceptions and, when used, the positively charged groups are normally attached to the periphery and not close to the donating atom. However, this concept article highlights a series of recent experimental, as well as theoretical results, suggesting that the utility in catalysis of cationic phosphines with no spacer between the phosphorus atom and the positively charged group(s) has been largely overlooked. In fact, a growing number of studies indicate that, because of their specific architecture, these cationic ligands depict excellent π-acceptor character that can exceed that of phosphites or polyfluorinated phosphines. This property has been used to increase the Lewis acidity of the metals they coordinate. Specifically, new extreme π-acid catalysts, mainly based on Pt(II) and Au(I) , have been recently prepared and their superior performance demonstrated along several mechanistically distinct transformations. In this concept article the current state of the art is critically assessed and possible future directions of the topic discussed.
Determination of Formation Temperature From Flow Tests: A New Solution (1991)

ABSTRACT Determination of accurate formation temperature is needed for drilling fluid and cement slurry design, determination of geo thermal gradients and geo thermal reservoir evaluation. Almost all known methods to determine the formation temperature are based on shut-in temperature recordings. All these methods require long shut-in periods and result in estimates which are lower than the true reservoir temperature. A new method has been developed that utilizes temperature recordings from short time flow tests to accurately determine formation temperatures, The temperature distribution prior to production was obtained by solving the diffusivity equation for conductive heat transfer during the circulation period. This provided the initial condition for solving the continuity equation for convective heat transfer during production by the method of characteristics. The application of the above solution is shown with a field example.
A quaternary-ammonium-functionalized covalent organic framework for anion conduction (2017)

A new anion conducting covalent organic framework (COF) was prepared by covalently tethering quaternary ammonium (QA) ions onto the pore walls of COF 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol-<italic>o</italic>-tolidine (TpBD-Me) through bromination and quaternization.
Charge Pump Boosting Technique For Power Noise Immune High Speed PLL Implementation (2005)

A phase-locked (PLL) with a charge pump boosting technique is described. The technique enables the voltage controlled oscillator circuit in the PLL to run faster than conventional circuits at low supply voltage. This design method is applicable to PLLs with low jitter, high-speed characteristics in environments with high supply noise.
BIO-CHEMICAL REACTION ENHANCEMENT USING MAGNETIC AXIS CONTROLLED SPINNING MICROPARTICLES WITH STRUCTURAL COLOR BARCODE (2010)

We have developed a novel method of in-situ synthesis of structural color coded particles for multiplex biochemical assays in a microfluidic channel using a single material (Fe3O4/PEGDA mixture). Since the magnetic nanoparticles within the encoded microparticles form 1D chain structures, particles are not only magnetically separable but also tend to align to external magnetic field lines. Previous magnetic handling methods have largely focused on the separation properties of magnetite. However, using a unique multi-axis manipulation scheme, we demonstrate 3D bio-chemical reaction enhancement and a 2D reading process.
The phosphorescence of various solids (1945)

Abstract Ultra-violet radiation absorbed by a solid may be dissipated either as heat or as luminescence. If the electrons involved in the absorption transitions return to the ground state in a time not greater than 10-6 sec., the resulting emission is described as fluorescence. Delayed return is generally referred to as phosphorescence, and it is the chief object of this paper to describe some measurements of the decay law for various solids, together with some associated measurements of photoconductivity. A preliminary account of this work has already been published (Randall and Wilkins 1939).
P5 The influence of LDL oxidation on the interaction of TFPI and thromboplasin (1996)

Wilbourn, B. R.; Ettelaie, C.; Gleeson, A. M.; Adam, J. M.; James, N. J.; Bruckdorfer, K. R. Author Information
The Potluck Problem with consumers' choice behavior (2009)

This paper extends the current Potluck Problem to include multiple goods in the relevant problem scenario, thereby bringing in the question of estimation of consumers' choice behaviors in the system. Given a variety of dishes to choose from at any dinner instance, an agent chooses a set of dishes in a particular proportion such that his utility from the total consumption is maximized. Such choice behaviors of agents determine the demand structure of the dishes offered in a potluck dinner. In this paper, we use mathematically specified models of consumer choice to represent these behaviors. These models are used to build a set of predictors that are capable of computing certain functional forms and variables (including seasonal and trend variables) of the demand system. Such predictors existing in the system are then used by agents in estimating the demand at future potluck dinner instances.
The Stereochemistry of Metal Chelates with Polydentate Ligands. Part I (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Stereochemistry of Metal Chelates with Polydentate Ligands. Part IBasudeb Das Sarma and John C. Bailar Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 21, 5476–5480Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01626a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01626a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views304Altmetric-Citations175LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Purification of a Prenyltransferase That Elongates cis-Polyisoprene Rubber from the Latex of Hevea brasiliensis (1989)

We have purified "rubber transferase" from latex of the commercial rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis and find that it is a dimer with a monomeric molecular mass of 38,000 Da, requires Mg2+, and is stabilized by thiols in agreement with studies of a partially purified preparation previously described (Archer, B. L., and Cockbain, E. G. (1969) Methods Enzymol. 15, 476-480). Greater than 90% of the [1-14C]isopentenyl pyrophosphate which is incorporated into deproteinated rubber particles by the purified prenyltransferase is added to high molecular mass polyisoprene (greater than 20,000 Da). Purified prenyltransferase and deproteinated rubber particles reconstitute 40-60% of the biosynthetic activity of whole latex in samples matched for rubber content. Incorporation is linear with added rubber particles up to at least 10 mg/ml rubber or 20 microM rubber molecules (based on a number average molecular mass of 500,000 Da). Prenyltransferase concentrations estimated in whole latex (0.37% or 160 nM) are sufficient to saturate all elongation sites in whole latex, and addition of purified prenyltransferase does not increase [1-14C]isopentenyl pyrophosphate incorporation. Deproteinated rubber particles can be titrated with the pure enzyme (Kd = 9 nM) demonstrating that the fraction of rubber molecules available for addition is low (approximately 0.01%). An estimated 7,000 isoprene units are added per complex at a rate of 1/s in a typical assay. Hevea prenyltransferase catalyzes the formation of cis-isoprene in the presence of rubber particles. However, in the absence of rubber particles and in the presence of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, the purified prenyltransferase catalyzes the formation of geranyl pyrophosphate and all trans-farnesyl pyrophosphate as demonstrated by thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography, and molecular exclusion chromatography.
Diurnal and seasonal variability of surface ozone and NO<sub><i>x</i></sub>at a tropical coastal site: Association with mesoscale and synoptic meteorological conditions (2011)

[1] Simultaneous measurements of near-surface ozone, NOx (NO + NO2), and meteorological parameters were carried out at the tropical coastal location of Trivandrum (8.55°N, 77°E) in India from November 2007 to May 2009. The data have been used to investigate the diurnal and seasonal patterns of ozone and its precursor, NOx, and also the interdependence of these two chemical species. The diurnal pattern is found to be closely associated with the mesoscale circulation (sea breeze and land breeze) and the availability of NOx. The daytime peak in ozone extends until the onset of land breeze, which brings in NOx for titration of ozone. Near-surface ozone concentration reaches peak values during the postmonsoon or winter months and shows minima during the summer or monsoon season. The high ozone concentration during winter is due to the presence of northeasterly winds that transport precursor gases to the site. The daytime concentration of ozone is found to be directly linked to the nighttime level of NOx. The present analysis reveals that one molecule of NOx or NO2 is responsible for the formation of about seven to nine molecules of ozone. A study of satellite-derived tropospheric ozone and total ozone has shown that tropospheric ozone contributes 8%–15% of total ozone over this site and near-surface ozone contributes 34%–83% of tropospheric ozone. The seasonal pattern of tropospheric column ozone is similar to that of tropospheric NO2.
A Taxonomy of Partitioned Replicated Cloud-based Database Systems. (2015)

The advent of the cloud computing paradigm has given rise to many innovative and novel proposals for managing large-scale, fault-tolerant and highly available data management systems. This paper proposes a taxonomy of large scale partitioned replicated transactional databases with the goal of providing a principled understanding of the growing space of scalable and highly available database systems. The taxonomy is based on the relationship between transaction management and replica management. We illustrate specific instances of the taxonomy using several recent partitioned replicated database systems.
Hamstrings and iliotibial band forces affect knee kinematics and contact pattern (2000)

Many clinical studies have emphasized the role of the hamstrings and the iliotibial band on knee mechanics, although few biomechanical studies have investigated it. This study therefore examined two hypotheses: (a) with loading of the hamstrings, the tibia translates posteriorly and rotates externally and the tibial contact pattern shifts anteriorly; furthermore, the changes in tibial kinematics alter patellar kinematics and contact; and (b) loading the iliotibial band alters the kinematics and contact pattern of the tibiofemoral joint similarly to loading the hamstrings, and loading the iliotibial band laterally translates the patella and its contact location. Five cadaveric knee specimens were tested with a specially designed knee-joint testing machine in an open-chain configuration. At various flexion angles, the knees were tested always with a quadriceps force but with and without a hamstrings force and with and without an iliotibial band force. The results support the first hypothesis. Hence, the hamstrings may be important anterior and rotational stabilizers of the tibia, a role similar to that of the anterior cruciate ligament. The results also support the second hypothesis, although the iliotibial band force had a smaller effect on the tibia than did the hamstrings force. Both forces also changed patellar kinematics and contact, demonstrating that these structures should also be considered during the clinical management of patellar disorders.
Relative bioavailability of two brands of ornidazole in twelve healthy volunteers. (2002)

There was no statistically significant difference between the two formulations and the two products
Structure and Electrochemical Properties of Nitrogen Doped Diamond-like Carbon Film Synthesized by Low Temperature Neutral Beam Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (2018)

We report nitrogen doping diamond-like carbon film synthesis by a new technique called neutral beam enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The deposition is processed in UV/electron damage-free environment, and the substrate temperature is controlled at room temperature. The film structure was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The N/C ratio is 0.26, and doped nitrogen atoms exist in forms of amine and inside the aromatic ring, which helps increase film electrical conductivity. Cyclic voltammograms were carried out and the results indicate the DLC: N film qualified as electroanalysis sensor material.
An Efficient, Multicomponent, One‐pot Synthesis of Tetra Substituted Pyrans in Water (2014)

A new and environmentally benign multi‐component synthesis of tetra substituted 4 H ‐pyran derivatives is developed via the one‐pot reaction of an aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile, and 1,3‐diketone in the presence of NaOH with water as the solvent at RT. The reaction is efficient and affords excellent yields of the products.
Vaccination of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients With Matured Dendritic Cells Loaded With Multiple Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Peptides (2007)

Developing a process to generate dendritic cells (DCs) applicable for multicenter trials would facilitate cancer vaccine development. Moreover, targeting multiple antigens with such a vaccine strategy could enhance the efficacy of such a treatment approach. We performed a phase 1/2 clinical trial administering a DC-based vaccine targeting multiple tumor-associated antigens to patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). A qualified manufacturing process was used to generate DC from blood monocytes using granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and IL-13, and matured for 6 hours with Klebsiella-derived cell wall fraction and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). DCs were also loaded with 6 HLA-A*0201 binding peptides derived from carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MAGE, and HER2/neu, as well as keyhole limpet hemocyanin protein and pan-DR epitope peptide. Four planned doses of 35x10(6) cells were administered intradermally every 3 weeks. Immune response was assessed by IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT). Matured DC possessed an activated phenotype and could prime T cells in vitro. In the trial, 21 HLA-A2+ patients were apheresed, 13 were treated with the vaccine, and 11 patients were evaluable. No significant treatment-related toxicity was reported. T-cell responses to a CEA-derived peptide were detected by ELISPOT in 3 patients. T cells induced to CEA possessed high avidity T-cell receptors. ELISPOT after in vitro restimulation detected responses to multiple peptides in 2 patients. All patients showed progressive disease. This pilot study in advanced CRC patients demonstrates DC-generated granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and IL-13 matured with Klebsiella-derived cell wall fraction and IFN-gamma can induce immune responses to multiple tumor-associated antigens in patients with advanced CRC.
Enabling small cell deployment with HetNet (2012)

The massive adoption of smartphones, mobile broadband modems, tablets, and mobile data applications are overwhelming wireless networks. Operators are buckling under the strain and cost of continuously adding capacity and improving coverage while maximizing the use of their existing spectrum assets. The strain on the network is expected to increase significantly over time as growth continues at over 100 percent Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) according to Cisco in its recent VNI mobile traffic report.
Effect of DNA target sequence on triplex formation by oligo-2'-deoxy- and 2'-O-methylribonucleotides (2003)

The interactions of pyrimidine deoxyribo- or 2'-O-methylribo-psoralen-conjugated, triplex-forming oligonucleotides, psTFOs, with a 17-bp env-DNA whose purine tract is 5'-AGAGAGAAAAAAGAG-3', or an 18-bp gag-DNA whose purine tract is 5'-AGG GGGAAAGAAAAAA-3', were studied over the pH range 6.0-7.5. The stability of the triplex formed by a deoxy-env-psTFO containing 5-methylcytosines and thymines decreased with increasing pH (T(m) = 56 degrees C at pH 6.0; 27 degrees C at pH 7.5). Replacement of 5-methylcytosines with 8-oxo-adenines reduced the pH dependence, but lowered triplex stability. A 2'-O-methyl-env-psTFO containing uracil and cytosine did not form a triplex at pH 7.5. Surprisingly, replacement of the cytosines in this oligomer with 5-methylcytosines dramatically increased triplex stability (T(m) = 25 degrees C at pH 7.5), and even greater stability was achieved by selective replacement of uracils with thymines (T(m) = 37 degrees C at pH 7.5). Substitution of the contiguous 5-methylcytosines of the deoxy-gag-psTFO with 8-oxo-adenines significantly reduced pH dependence and increased triplex stability. In contrast to the behavior of env-specific TFOs, triplexes formed by 2'-O-methyl-gag-psTFOs did not show enhanced stability. Replacement of the 3'-terminal phosphodiester of the TFO with a methylphosphonate group significantly increased the resistance of both deoxy- and 2'-O-methyl-TFOs to degradation by 3'-exonucleases, while maintaining triplex stability.
ANTHROPOMORPHIC ROBOTIC ANKLE-FOOT PROSTHESIS WITH ACTIVE DORSIFLEXION- PLANTARFLEXION AND INVERSION-EVERSION (2015)

The main goal of the research presented in this paper is the development of a powered ankle-foot prosthesis with anthropomorphic characteristics to facilitate turning, walking on irregular grounds, and reducing secondary injuries on bellow knee amputees. The research includes the study of the gait in unimpaired human subjects that includes the kinetics and kinematics of the ankle during different types of gait, in different gait speeds at different turning maneuvers. The development of a robotic ankle-foot prosthesis with two active degrees of freedom (DOF) controlled using admittance and impedance controllers is presented. Also, a novel testing apparatus for estimation of the ankle mechanical impedance in two DOF is presented. The testing apparatus allows the estimation of the time-varying impedance of the human ankle in stance phase during walking in arbitrary directions. The presented work gives insight on the turning mechanisms of the human ankle and how they can be mimicked by the prosthesis to improve the gait and agility of below-knee amputees.
Photonic applications of lithium niobate crystals (2004)

In this paper the most important properties of lithium niobate crystals for photonic applications are reviewed. We will summarize how acting on the stoichiometry, sample structure, doping and domain structure of the crystals, these properties are governed, and can be taylored for each specific application. Finally we present a review of photonic applications in a wide spectrum of fields as lasers and non-linear optics, optical communications, optical memories, and diffractive optics. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Alterations in intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and redox potential modulate mast cell function (1997)

The administration of mercuric chloride (HgCl2), gold compounds, or D-penicillamine to Brown Norway (BN) rats causes a T helper (Th)2 cell-associated autoimmune syndrome characterized by the production of a number of autoantibodies, marked elevation of serum IgE concentration, and tissue injury in the form of a vasculitis and arthritis. We have recently shown that the same compounds in vitro sensitize BN rat peritoneal mast cells for IgE-triggered mediator release and interleukin-4 mRNA production. We wished to test the hypothesis that these agents influence mast cell function via an effect on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production/redox balance. Mast cells were obtained from BN rats by peritoneal washout. Incubation with HgCl2, gold compounds or D-penicillamine (the latter only in the presence of copper ions) led to the intracellular production of ROS as shown by the oxidative production of the fluorescent compound 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein. Mast cells were more sensitive than splenocytes to this effect. Direct oxidative stress (exposure to H2O2) produced a similar sensitization for mediator release to that caused by HgCl2. Inhibition of ROS formation by desferrioxamine or catalase diminished the enhancement of IgE-mediated serotonin release caused by HgCl2, as did replenishment of intracellular glutathione. 2-Mercaptoethanol exacerbated the toxicity of HgCl2, perhaps due to the formation of a lipophilic complex that enhanced HgCl2 uptake. Blocking of glutathione synthesis increased the toxicity of HgCl2, but also abolished any sensitizing effect on mediator release. These results support three main predictions of our hypothesis: (1) the compounds known to influence mast cell function all lead to the generation of ROS within the mast cell; (2) direct oxidative stress causes sensitization for mediator release by the mast cell; and (3) modulation of ROS production/redox balance within the mast cell modulates the effects of these compounds on mast cell function. The balance of oxidative/antioxidative influences may play an important role in the modulation of mast cell function, particularly in the context of chemically induced autoimmunity.
<i>C.elegans</i>mRNAs acquire a spliced leader through a<i>trans</i>-splicing mechanism (1988)

Journal Article C.elegans mRNAs acquire a spliced leader through a trans -splicing mechanism Get access S.L. Bektesh, S.L. Bektesh Development Biology, Synergen, Inc.1885 33rd Street, Boulder, CO 80301, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D.I. Hirsh D.I. Hirsh Development Biology, Synergen, Inc.1885 33rd Street, Boulder, CO 80301, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 16, Issue 12, 24 June 1988, Page 5692, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.12.5692 Published: 24 June 1988 Article history Accepted: 10 May 1988 Published: 24 June 1988