gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A low-cost PC-oriented virtual environment for operator training [for power stations] (2002)

Virtual environment (VE) technologies have been shown to provide invaluable training in the performance of complex procedural tasks. Of paramount importance to the success of any VE is realism; entities must move and behave believably and approximate the complexity of the real world. Such real-world fidelity is accompanied by the challenge of making immersive training in virtual reality (VR) more widely available, at costs significantly less prohibitive. A solution is presented to recreate the VE on low-cost PCs, reducing the cost of the VR software itself, yet preserving real-time performance. This paper presents a low-cost, PC-based VR development system within the framework of ESOPE-VR, a VR power station operator training simulator (OTS) prototype for power-utility personnel. PC-ESOPE-VR aims to provide the same or improved functionality and performance as the original, with a 3-D visual interface, voice recognition and feedback, navigation and manipulation facilities and expert system, multimedia and multi-user (distributed) support, yet address the practical demands raised above. The PC-based system is also compatible with the original; it can draw on existing ESOPE-VR power component libraries and support the automatic synthesis of a virtual power station environment from its single-line diagram representation. The approach used towards fulfilling all these issues is described, followed by key implementation results.
Biosynthesis of H<sub>2</sub>S is impaired in non‐obese diabetic (NOD) mice (2008)

In NOD mice, endogenous H2S production is significantly impaired. Also, the ability of isolated aorta to respond to exogenous H2S is enhanced and endothelium-derived NO appears to be involved in the enzymatic conversion of L-cysteine into H2S.
Thaliblastine, a plant alkaloid, circumvents multidrug resistance by direct binding to P-glycoprotein. (1993)

The effect of thaliblastine (TBL, NSC-68075), a plant alkaloid, in over-coming multidrug resistance was investigated in doxorubicin (ADR)-resistant murine leukemic P388/R-84 cells. In the soft agar clonogenic assay, a nontoxic concentration of TBL (2 microM) reduced the 50% inhibitory dose of ADR (1-h exposure) from 10.8 to 1.4 microM with a dose modification factor of 7.7. Continuous treatment of P388/R-84 cells with ADR and TBL for 24 h further lowered the 50% inhibitory dose from 3.5 to 0.07 microM, the resistance level being decreased from 233-fold in the absence of TBL to 4.7-fold in the presence of TBL as compared to the parental P388 cells. Although ADR or TBL individually had no detectable effects on cell cycle traverse, the combination of the two drugs caused a significant G2 block. Flow cytometric analysis showed that TBL enhanced ADR retention in P388/R-84 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. TBL partially blocked the photolabeling of P-glycoprotein with [3H]azidopine, and this blocking effect was further enhanced in combination with ADR. Our results indicate that TBL can reverse multidrug resistance by direct interaction with P-glycoprotein, thereby increasing cellular ADR retention.
Transparent bridges for interconnection of IEEE 802 LANs (1988)

A simple but robust approach to bridging, which is transparent to end stations, is discussed. These bridges, also called spanning tree bridges, are defined by the IEEE 802.1 Media Access Control Bridge Standard. The functions performed by the bridges are described. They consist of frame forwarding, learning of station addresses, and resolving possible loops in the topology by participation in the spanning tree algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Interactive corpus‐based translation drafting tool (Translearn) (1995)

This paper describes the research and development activities carried out in the framework of the Translearn project. The aim of the project is to build a translation memory tool and the appropriate translation work environment. Translearn's application corpus consists of regulations and directives of the European Union (EU), extracted from the CELEX database, the EU's documentation system on EU law, and the language versions it concentrates on are English, French, Portuguese and Greek. The development of the prototype tool for the envisaged system proves the application's usefulness in the translation process of international multilingual organizations as well as in the localization‐internationalization process of international enterprises.
Microwave Oscillator Noise Reduction by a Transmission Stabilizing Cavity (1968)

The theory of cavity stabilization of a microwave oscillator is reviewed and the appropriate design equations presented. The theory is verified with data taken on three different types of microwave oscillators: 1) a 10-GHz reflex klystron (stabilization factor achieved-22; FM noise reduction-28 dB; typical FM noise level-0.008 Hz in a 1-Hz bandwidth); 2) a 9.7-GHz low-noise two-cavity klystron oscillator (stabilization factor achieved-10; FM noise reduction--21.7 dB; typical FM noise level-0.0007 Hz in a 1-Hz bandwidth); 3) a 10-GHZ avalanche transit time diode oscillator (stabilization factor estimated at 30; FM noise reduction-29.5 dB; typical FM noise level--0.5 Hz in a 1-Hz bandwidth). Stabilization of the avalanche transit time diode oscillator produced a significant reduction in AM noise for modulation frequencies larger than the bandwidth of the stabilizing cavity.
Techniques for Melt-Growth of Luminescent Semiconductor Crystals under Pressure (1970)

Wide‐bandgap III–V and II–VI binary semiconductor crystals can be grown from the melt by a variety of methods, all requiring pressure. The necessary apparatus, from the simple to the sophisticated, has been investigated. Methods using resistance or rf heating, unsupported or supported ampoules of several materials, without or with high‐pressure autoclave, under inert or active gas pressure, and the required control systems, are described. A broad description of the liquid encapsulation method is given, and construction details are contained in the figures. Special attention is given to the growth of gallium phosphide crystals and to the preparation of the starting material from the elements.
Fiber-coupled THz spectroscopy for monitoring polymeric compounding processes (2007)

We present a compact, robust, and transportable fiber-coupled THz system for inline monitoring of polymeric
compounding processes in an industrial environment. The system is built on a 90cm x 90cm large shock absorbing
optical bench. A sealed metal box protects the system against dust and mechanical disturbances. A closed loop controller
unit is used to ensure optimum coupling of the laser beam into the fiber. In order to build efficient and stable fiber-coupled
antennas we glue the fibers directly onto photoconductive switches. Thus, the antenna performance is very
stable and it is secured from dust or misalignment by vibrations. We discuss fabrication details and antenna performance.
First spectroscopic data obtained with this system is presented.
Polybenzborimidazolines (1962)

Abstract Three new benzborimidazoline polymers have been prepared by condensation of aromatic diboronic acid derivatives and 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine. All of the polymers were soluble and had inherent viscosities in the range 0.1–0.35. The polymers prepared from benzene diboronic esters showed good thermal stability up to 500–600°C. A polymer prepared from ferrocene diboronic acid or ester began to decompose extensively between 300 and 400°C.
Coordination compounds of polyoxovanadates with a hexametalate core. Chemical and structural characterization of [VV6O13[(OCH2)3CR]2]2-, [VV6O11(OH)2[(OCH2)3CR]2], [VIV4VV2O9(OH)4[(OCH2)3CR]2]2-, and [VIV6O7(OH)6](OCH2)3CR]2]2- (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoordination compounds of polyoxovanadates with a hexametalate core. Chemical and structural characterization of [VV6O13[(OCH2)3CR]2]2-, [VV6O11(OH)2[(OCH2)3CR]2], [VIV4VV2O9(OH)4[(OCH2)3CR]2]2-, and [VIV6O7(OH)6](OCH2)3CR]2]2-Qin Chen, David P. Goshorn, Charles P. Scholes, Xiao Ling Tan, and Jon ZubietaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 12, 4667–4681Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00038a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00038a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1838Altmetric-Citations164LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Inter-sentential Relations in Information Extraction Corpora (2010)

In natural language relationships between entities can asserted within a single sentence or over many sentences in a document. Many information extraction systems are constrained to extracting binary relations that are asserted within a single sentence (single-sentence relations) and this limits the proportion of relations they can extract since those expressed across multiple sentences (inter-sentential relations) are not considered. The analysis in this paper focuses on finding the distribution of inter-sentential and single-sentence relations in two corpora used for the evaluation of information extraction systems: the MUC6 corpus and the ACE corpus from 2003. In order to carry out this analysis we had to manually mark up all the management succession relations described in the MUC6 corpus. It was found that inter-sentential relations constitute 28.5 % and 9.4 % of the total number of relations in MUC6 and ACE03 respectively. This places upper bounds on the recall of information extraction systems that do not consider relations that are asserted across multiple sentences (71.5 % and 90.6 % respectively). 1.
Hydrogen peroxide-induced c-fos expression is mediated by arachidonic acid release: role of protein kinase C (1993)

We found previously that stimulation of c-fos and c-myc mRNA expression are early events in hydrogen peroxide-induced growth in rat aortic smooth muscle (RASM) cells. In the present study, we investigated the role of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and protein kinase C (PKC) in mediating hydrogen peroxide-induced c-fos mRNA expression in RASM cells. Mepacrine and p-bromophenacylbromide, potent inhibitors of PLA2 activity, blocked hydrogen peroxide-induced c-fos mRNA expression. Arachidonic acid, a product of PLA2 activity, stimulated the expression of c-fos mRNA with a time course similar to that of hydrogen peroxide. PKC down-regulation attenuated both hydrogen peroxide and arachidonic acid-induced c-fos mRNA expression by 50%. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (a lipoxygenase-cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inhibitor) significantly inhibited both hydrogen peroxide and arachidonic acid-induced c-fos mRNA expression, whereas indomethacin (a cyclooxygenase inhibitor) had no effect. Together, these findings indicate that 1) hydrogen peroxide-induced c-fos mRNA expression is mediated by PLA2-dependent arachidonic acid release, 2) both PKC-dependent and independent mechanisms are involved in hydrogen peroxide-induced expression of c-fos mRNA and 3) arachidonic acid metabolism via the lipoxygenase-cytochrome P450 monooxygenase pathway appears to be required for hydrogen peroxide-induced expression of c-fos mRNA.
Review—Understanding and Controlling Electrochemical Effects in Wet Processing (2016)

Electrochemical techniques have long been used in understanding and improving the performance of various wet chemical processing steps such as etching, cleaning, passivation and rinsing used in integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing. The objective of this paper is to provide a few examples of how electrochemical techniques can be used to probe some important areas in wet processing. It is not intended to be an exhaustive review of techniques and problems reported in the literature.
Evaluating the efficacy of commonly used topical anesthetics. (1999)

5% EMLA cream was superior in performance to all other topical anesthetics. The remainder of the agents had no statistically different effect than the saline.
Linear Diophantine Equations Over Polynomials and Soft Decoding of Reed–Solomon Codes (2005)

This paper generalizes the classical Knuth-Schoumlnhage algorithm computing the greatest common divisor (gcd) of two polynomials for solving arbitrary linear Diophantine systems over polynomials in time, quasi-linear in the maximal degree. As an application, the following weighted curve fitting problem is considered: given a set of points in the plane, find an algebraic curve (satisfying certain degree conditions) that goes through each point the prescribed number of times. The main motivation for this problem comes from coding theory, namely, it is ultimately related to the list decoding of Reed-Solomon codes. This paper presents a new fast algorithm for the weighted curve fitting problem, based on the explicit construction of a Groebner basis. This gives another fast algorithm for the soft decoding of Reed-Solomon codes different from the procedure proposed by Feng, which works in time (w/r) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">O(1)</sup> nlog <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> n, where r is the rate of the code, and w is the maximal weight assigned to a vertical line
Recent Developments in Control of Forest Insects (1956)

I am pleased to have this opportunity to discuss with you briefly some recent advances which have been made in the control of forest insects. We in the Forest Service feel that considerable progress has been made in this difficult field, especially since World War II. Later on I shall mention certain achievements which I believe represent real advancement. I shall also have something to say about the magnitude of the forest insect problem in this country. Considering the losses which I shall bring to your attention, it may be that some of you will conclude that our so-called advances are more fancied than real. Admittedly, forest insect-caused losses are high—possibly they have been at an all-time high during the past few years. It is unfortunate, but true, that this has occurred in spite of some rather outstanding achievements in research during the period. We believe that they would have been considerably greater in the absence of such progress as has been made.
Optimization of routing algorithm in wireless mesh networks (2009)

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have attracted increasing attention and deployment as a high-performance and low cost solution to last-mile broadband Internet access. Wireless mesh networks have emerged as a potential technology for next-generation wireless networking. WMNs have been widely accepted in the traditional application sectors of ad hoc networks because of their advantages over other wireless networks. With increasing demand for real-time services in the next generation wireless networks, quality-of-service (QoS) based routing offers significant challenges in WMNs. WMNs consist of mesh routers and mesh clients where fixed mesh routers form the multi-hop backbone of the network and it is assumed that each individual mesh client will follow the prescribed protocols. However, these mobile devices, owned by individual users, will likely do what is the most beneficial to their owners, i.e. act ‘selfishly’. Traffic routing plays a critical role in determining the performance of wireless mesh networks. Routing in any network has a great impact on the overall network performance, thus a routing protocol or an algorithm for WMNs should be carefully designed taking into account the specific characteristics of that network. In addition, in wireless networks, serious unfairness can occur between users if the issue is not addressed in the network protocols or algorithms. In this paper, we formulate the problem of routing as a network optimization problem, and present a general LP (linear programming) formulation for modeling the problem. We propose the optimized algorithm for known traffic demand and then explain the performance ratio for this. The routing algorithms derived from these formulations usually claim analytical properties such as optimal resource utilization and throughput fairness. Our simulation results demonstrate that our statistical problem formulation could effectively incorporate the traffic demand uncertainty in routing optimization, and its algorithm outperforms the algorithm which only considers the static traffic demand.
Abnormal collagen fibrils in tendons of biglycan/fibromodulin‐deficient mice lead to gait impairment, ectopic ossification, and osteoarthritis (2002)

Small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) regulate extracellular matrix organization, a process essential in development, tissue repair, and metastasis. In vivo interactions of biglycan and fibromodulin, two SLRPs highly expressed in tendons and bones, were investigated by generating biglycan/fibromodulin double-deficient mice. Here we show that collagen fibrils in tendons from mice deficient in biglycan and/or fibromodulin are structurally and mechanically altered resulting in unstable joints. As a result, the mice develop successively and progressively 1) gait impairment, 2) ectopic tendon ossification, and 3) severe premature osteoarthritis. Forced use of the joints increases ectopic ossification and osteoarthritis in the double-deficient mice, further indicating that structurally weak tendons cause the phenotype. The study shows that mutations in SLRPs may predispose to osteoarthritis and offers a valuable and unique animal model for spontaneous osteoarthritis characterized by early onset and a rapid progression of the disease.
Immersive Molecular Visualization with Omnidirectional Stereoscopic Ray Tracing and Remote Rendering (2016)

Immersive molecular visualization provides the viewer with intuitive perception of complex structures and spatial relationships that are of critical interest to structural biologists. The recent availability of commodity head mounted displays (HMDs) provides a compelling opportunity for widespread adoption of immersive visualization by molecular scientists, but HMDs pose additional challenges due to the need for low-latency, high-frame-rate rendering. State-of-the-art molecular dynamics simulations produce terabytes of data that can be impractical to transfer from remote supercomputers, necessitating routine use of remote visualization. Hardware-accelerated video encoding has profoundly increased frame rates and image resolution for remote visualization, however round-trip network latencies would cause simulator sickness when using HMDs. We present a novel two-phase rendering approach that overcomes network latencies with the combination of omnidirectional stereoscopic progressive ray tracing and high performance rasterization, and its implementation within VMD, a widely used molecular visualization and analysis tool. The new rendering approach enables immersive molecular visualization with rendering techniques such as shadows, ambient occlusion lighting, depth-of-field, and high quality transparency, that are particularly helpful for the study of large biomolecular complexes. We describe ray tracing algorithms that are used to optimize interactivity and quality, and we report key performance metrics of the system. The new techniques can also benefit many other application domains.
Aluminum Alloy 7068 Mechanical Characterization (2009)

Abstract : A relatively new alloy of is being marketed as aluminum by its developer, Kasier Aluminum (Foothill Ranch, CA), owing its history to the development of ordnance applications. The alloy designation, 7068, is the strongest commercially produced. This alloy is zinc, with an advertised minimum yield strength of 99 ksi. This report characterizes extruded 7068 in terms of its elastic properties and mechanical strength, in sizes of interest to large-caliber munition designers.
Finding Optimal Material Release Times Using Simulation-Based Optimization (1999)

We present a method for setting release times for jobs with due dates in a stochastic production flow line for which the sequence of jobs has been determined. Unlike other approaches to this problem, ours considers a transient situation. Thus, the flow line will typically contain work in process (WIP), that is, jobs that have been previously released to the system. Our goal is to develop a job release schedule that not only minimizes tardiness but also maximizes flexibility. The philosophy can be characterized as one that seeks to “release as late as possible, but no later!” Our methodology is based on Monte Carlo simulation and consequent optimization by a method that became known as “stochastic counterpart” or “sample path” simulation-based optimization techniques. We use this method to minimize an expected value objective function that contains terms for tardiness and flow time “costs.” We include a discussion of how the cost parameters of this objective function can be obtained by considering a “characteristic curve” for the system. We also discuss means for obtaining sensitivity analysis with respect to due dates and service times distributions parameters. We conclude with a numerical example.
Sorafenib treatment of FLT3-ITD+ acute myeloid leukemia: favorable initial outcome and mechanisms of subsequent nonresponsiveness associated with the emergence of a D835 mutation (2012)

Internal tandem duplication (ITD) of the fms-related tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3) gene occurs in 30% of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) and confers a poor prognosis. Thirteen relapsed or chemo-refractory FLT3-ITD(+) AML patients were treated with sorafenib (200-400 mg twice daily). Twelve patients showed clearance or near clearance of bone marrow myeloblasts after 27 (range 21-84) days with evidence of differentiation of leukemia cells. The sorafenib response was lost in most patients after 72 (range 54-287) days but the FLT3 and downstream effectors remained suppressed. Gene expression profiling showed that leukemia cells that have become sorafenib resistant expressed several genes including ALDH1A1, JAK3, and MMP15, whose functions were unknown in AML. Nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice transplanted with leukemia cells from patients before and during sorafenib resistance recapitulated the clinical results. Both ITD and tyrosine kinase domain mutations at D835 were identified in leukemia initiating cells (LICs) from samples before sorafenib treatment. LICs bearing the D835 mutant have expanded during sorafenib treatment and dominated during the subsequent clinical resistance. These results suggest that sorafenib have selected more aggressive sorafenib-resistant subclones carrying both FLT3-ITD and D835 mutations, and might provide important leads to further improvement of treatment outcome with FLT3 inhibitors.