gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microscopic sensors using optical wireless integrated circuits (2020)

We present a platform for parallel production of standalone, untethered electronic sensors that are truly microscopic, i.e., smaller than the resolution of the naked eye. This platform heterogeneously integrates silicon electronics and inorganic microlight emitting diodes (LEDs) into a 100-μm-scale package that is powered by and communicates with light. The devices are fabricated, packaged, and released in parallel using photolithographic techniques, resulting in ∼10,000 individual sensors per square inch. To illustrate their use, we show proof-of-concept measurements recording voltage, temperature, pressure, and conductivity in a variety of environments.
Surface Modification via Chain End Segregation in Polymer Blends (1996)

We have explored the use of chain end segregation as a means of controlling the properties of a polymer surface. Thin film blends of homopolystyrene (PS) and PS synthesized with low-energy oligotetrafluoroethylene chain ends (PS-TFE) were studied using neutron reflectivity. The fraction of PS-TFE that localizes near the surface was found to increase as a function of its concentration in the blend. Contact angle measurements indicate corresponding reductions in the surface tension due to the surface localization of the TFE chain ends. For a 10% blend of 6000 mol wt PS-TFE in 3 × 105 mol wt PS, the surface coverage of fluorocarbon ends was found to be >20%. A free energy model of the blends gives good qualitative agreement with the experimental results.
LKB1 protein expression in neuroendocrine tumors of the lung (2008)

During a recent investigation of LKB1 gene abnormality in lung lesions, strong expression of LKB1 protein in normal neuroendocrine (NE) cells of the bronchial epithelium was found. Because LKB1 functions as a tumor suppressor gene, the question of whether alteration of LKB1 expression is related to the development of pulmonary NE tumors of various grades was investigated. LKB1 immunohistochemistry was examined in a total of 68 primary pulmonary NE tumors consisting of 30 specimens of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), 23 large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC), two atypical carcinoids, and 13 typical carcinoids. Loss or low expression (<20% immunoreactive cells) of LKB1 protein expression was more frequently observed in high-grade NE tumors (SCLC and LCNEC; 45/53, 84.9%) than in typical and atypical carcinoids (3/15; 20%). The difference in LKB1 immunoreactivity between the high-grade NE tumors and the carcinoid group was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, marked reduction of LKB1 expression in high-grade NE tumors of the lung suggests a possible role of LKB1 inactivation in its tumorigenesis. Although a few previous studies indicated rare genetic alterations of LKB1 in SCLC, further studies including analysis of other NE tumors and focusing on epigenetic abnormalities of LKB1 gene are warranted.
Epitope Mapping of Series of Monoclonal Antibodies Against the Hepatocellular Carcinoma‐associated Antigen HAb18G/CD147 (2007)

The hepatocellular carcinoma-associated antigen HAb18G/CD147, a member of CD147 family, could promote tumour invasion and metastasis via inducing the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). Anti-CD147 monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) have exhibited obvious inhibitory effect on MMP induction. However, none of the epitopes of these MoAb has been reported. We previously prepared five MoAb against HAb18G/CD147, named HAb18, 3B3, 1B3, 5A5 and 4D2. To map the epitopes of these MoAb, a series of truncated fragments of extracellular region of HAb18G/CD147 was expressed in Escherichia coli and the MoAb-binding affinity to these fragments was examined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot. The residues (39)LTCSLNDSATEV(50), (36)KILLTCS(42) and (22)AAGTVFTTVEDL(33) were determined to be the epitopes of HAb18, 3B3 and 1B3, respectively, which were further proved by a dot-blot analysis with synthesized peptides and bioinformatics epitope prediction. The binding regions of MoAb 5A5 and 4D2 were located at residues E(120)-R(203). Then we constructed and expressed full-length HAb18G/CD147 and truncated HAb18G/CD147 without residues A(22)-V(50) in COS-7 cells. Gelatin zymography and Boyden chamber assay showed that the COS-7 cells expressing truncated HAb18G/CD147 failed to induce MMP production and enhance the cells' invasive potential, compared with the cells expressing full-length HAb18G/CD147. Taken together with the obviously inhibitory effects of HAb18 on the function of full-length HAb18G/CD147, these findings suggest that residues (22)AAGTVFTTVEDLGSKILLTCSLNDSATEV(50) may play a critical role in the functions of HAb18G/CD147 on MMP secretion and tumour invasion. These key residues can be used as potential drug target in cancer therapy.
A 6.25 Gb/s Decision Feedback Equalizer used in SerDes for High-speed Backplane Communications (2007)

A 6.25 Gb/s two-tap DFE (decision feedback equalizer) in High-speed Backplane receiver has been designed in a 0.18-μm CMOS. The pipelined architecture in the half-rate DFE achieves an increase in the transmitted data rate over conventional DFE with a small increase in area. Near end data is a 6.25Gb/s PRBS10 with 0.5Vp-p, and the DFE recovered data has been measured with jitter (pp) of 3ps and a horizontal eye-opening of 0.97UI, a vertical eye opening of 0.48V.
Characteristics of small-aperture, single-layered, radial-line slot antennas (1992)

A radial-line slot antenna (RLSA) is a high-efficiency planar array. A double-layered radial line and uniform slot length have been adopted in conventional RLSAs. A single-layered RLSA is much simpler in structure, but the slot length must be varied to synthesise uniform aperture illumination. The authors propose theoretical methods for the slot design. The paper presents excellent characteristics of single-layered RLSAs of small sizes (0.25–0.60 m diameter) and confirms the design. These are now commercialised for 12 GHz band DBS reception.
Layered Object Models for Image Segmentation (2011)

We formulate a layered model for object detection and image segmentation. We describe a generative probabilistic model that composites the output of a bank of object detectors in order to define shape masks and explain the appearance, depth ordering, and labels of all pixels in an image. Notably, our system estimates both class labels and object instance labels. Building on previous benchmark criteria for object detection and image segmentation, we define a novel score that evaluates both class and instance segmentation. We evaluate our system on the PASCAL 2009 and 2010 segmentation challenge data sets and show good test results with state-of-the-art performance in several categories, including segmenting humans.
Knowledge compilation meets database theory (2011)

The goal of Knowledge Compilation is to represent a Boolean expression in a format in which it can answer a range of online-queries in PTIME. The online-query of main interest to us is model counting, because of its application to query evaluation on probabilistic databases, but other online-queries can be supported as well such as testing for equivalence, testing for implication, etc. In this paper we study the following problem. Given a database query q, decide whether its lineage can be compiled efficiently into a given target language. We consider four target languages, of strictly increasing expressive power(when the size of compilation is constrained to be polynomial in the input size): Read-Once Boolean formulae, OBDD, FBDD and d-DNNF. For each target, we study the class of database queries that admit polynomial size representation: these queries can also be evaluated in PTIME over probabilistic databases. When queries are restricted to conjunctive queries without self-joins, it was known that these four classes collapse to the class of hierarchical queries, which is also the class of PTIME queries over probabilistic databases. Our main result in this paper is that, in the case of Unions of Conjunctive Queries (UCQ), these classes form a strict hierarchy. Thus, unlike conjunctive queries without self-joins, the expressive power of UCQ differs considerably w.r.t. these target compilation languages. Moreover, we give a complete characterization of the first two target languages, based on the query's syntax.
Pattern Tracking and 3-D Motion Reconstruction of a Rigid Body From a 2-D Image Sequence (2005)

This paper presents an integrated method to identify an object pattern from an image, and track its movement over a sequence of images. The sequence of images comes from a single perspective video source, which is capturing data from a precalibrated scene. This information is used to reconstruct the scene in three-dimension (3-D) within a virtual environment where a user can interact and manipulate the system. The steps that are performed include the following: i) Identify an object pattern from a two-dimensional perspective video source. The user outlines the region of interest (ROI) in the initial frame; the procedure builds a refined mask of the dominant object within the ROI using the morphological watershed algorithm. ii) The object pattern is tracked between frames using object matching within the mask provided by the previous and next frame, computing the motion parameters. iii) The identified object pattern is matched with a library of shapes to identify a corresponding 3-D object. iv) A virtual environment is created to reconstruct the scene in 3-D using the 3-D object and the motion parameters. This method can be applied to real-life application problems, such as traffic management and material flow congestion analysis.
Pneumocandin DO, a new antifungal agent and potent inhibitor of Pneumocystis carinii. (1994)

Pneumocandin D0 (9), a new member of the echinocandin class of antifungal agents, has been isolated as a minor constituent from fermentation broths of the filamentous fungi Zalerion arboricola (ATCC 20957). The structure of 9 has been determined mainly on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with published data for similar compounds. To date, pneumocandin D0 has been found to be the most potent inhibitor of Pneumocystis carinii development in vivo within the natural-occurring echinocandin family of antifungal agents.
Cupiennin 1, a New Family of Highly Basic Antimicrobial Peptides in the Venom of the Spider Cupiennius salei(Ctenidae) (2002)

A new family of antimicrobial peptides was isolated from the venom of Cupiennius salei. The peptides were purified to homogeneity, and the sequence of cupiennin 1a was determined by Edman degradation: GFGALFKFLAKKVAKTVAKQAAKQGAKYVVNKQME-NH(2). The amino acid sequences of cupiennin 1b, c, and d were obtained by a combination of sequence analysis and mass spectrometric measurements of comparative tryptic peptide mapping. All peptides consist of 35 amino acid residues and are characterized by a more hydrophobic N-terminal chain region and a C terminus composed preferentially of polar and charged residues. The total charge of all cupiennins calculated under physiological conditions is +8, and their C terminus, formed by a glutamic acid residue, is amidated. Conformational studies of the peptides revealed a high helix forming potential. Antimicrobial assays on bacteria with cupiennin 1a, 1d, and synthesized cupiennins 1a* and 1d* showed minimal inhibitory concentrations for bacteria in the submicromolar range. Their lytic effect on human red blood cells was lower by a factor of 8 to 14 than the highly hemolytic melittin. Cupiennin 1a, 1b, 1d, 1a*, and 1d* showed pronounced insecticidal activity. The immediate biological effects and the structural properties of the isolated cupiennins indicate a membrane-destroying mode of action on prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic cells.
Structural Features Determining Flower-Promoting Activity of <i>Arabidopsis</i> FLOWERING LOCUS T (2014)

In Arabidopsis thaliana, the genes FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1) have antagonistic roles in regulating the onset of flowering: FT activates and TFL1 represses flowering. Both encode small, closely related transcription cofactors of ∼175 amino acids. Previous studies identified a potential ligand binding residue as well as a divergent external loop as critical for the differences in activity of FT and TFL1, but the mechanisms for the differential action of FT and TFL1 remain unclear. Here, we took an unbiased approach to probe the importance of residues throughout FT protein, testing the effects of hundreds of mutations in vivo. FT is surprisingly robust to a wide range of mutations, even in highly conserved residues. However, specific mutations in at least four different residues are sufficient to convert FT into a complete TFL1 mimic, even when expressed from TFL1 regulatory sequences. Modeling the effects of these mutations on the surface charge of FT protein suggests that the affected residues regulate the docking of an unknown ligand. These residues do not seem to alter the interaction with FD or 14-3-3 proteins, known FT interactors. Potential candidates for differential mediators of FT and TFL1 activities belong to the TCP (for TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, PCF) family of transcription factors.
The Therapeutic Role of Interleukin-1 Inhibition in Idiopathic Recurrent Pericarditis: Current Evidence and Future Challenges (2017)

Recurrent pericarditis is a common complication of acute pericarditis (15-30%) for which, in most cases, no underlying etiology is found [idiopathic recurrent pericarditis (IRP)]. IRP is currently viewed as an autoinflammatory disease with characteristic recurrent episodes of sterile inflammation. According to the most recent Guidelines, the initial treatment regimen consists of a combination of aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with colchicine followed by the addition of corticosteroids in resistant or intolerant cases. Despite this treatment approach, a number of patients either do not respond or cannot tolerate the above therapies. For this refractory group, small case series and a recent randomized controlled trial have shown that interleukin-1 inhibition with anakinra is a rapidly acting, highly efficient, steroid-sparing, and safe therapeutic intervention. In this perspective, we discuss the available clinical evidence and our own clinical experience as well as the future prospects of this novel therapeutic approach for patients with IRP.
Cyclic mechanical stretch augments hyaluronan production in cultured human uterine cervical fibroblast cells (2005)

Hyaluronan (HA) a glycosaminoglycan with high affinity for water molecules stimulates local inflammatory reactions. Parturition causes a dramatic increase in the amount of HA fragments in the uterine cervix, thereby contributing to a rapid softening as well as opening of the cervical canal, i.e. cervical ripening. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible involvement of cyclic distension caused by labour in the augmentation of HA production during cervical ripening. Immunohistochemistry and/or RT-PCR detected hyaluronan synthase (HAS)1, 2 and 3 in samples of human cervical tissue obtained from pregnant women. Labour-like cyclic mechanical stretch for 24, 36 and 48 h significantly enhanced the secretion of HA, from cultured human uterine cervical fibroblast (CxF) cells, 128.7, 151.4 and 173.2%, respectively, concomitant with a significant augmentation of HAS1 (36, 48 h), HAS2 (24, 36 and 48 h) and HAS3 (48 h) mRNA expression. Cyclic mechanical stretch for 12, 36 and 48 h increased molecular size of the HA secreted from CxF cells. In conclusion, cyclic mechanical stretch of the uterine cervix caused by the presenting part of the fetus in labour may contribute to the increase in the secretion of HA during the process of cervical ripening.
Enhanced subsurface response for marine CSEM surveying (2009)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2009Enhanced subsurface response for marine CSEM surveyingAuthors: Frank A. MaaøAnh Kiet NguyenFrank A. MaaøEMGS ASA and Anh Kiet NguyenEMGS ASAhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.3255875 SectionsSupplemental MaterialAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract A new robust method for enhancing marine CSEM subsurface response is presented. The method is demonstrated to enhance resolution and depth penetration significantly.Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3255875FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByA synthetic Sleipner study of CO2 quantification using Controlled Source Electro-Magnetics and Full Waveform InversionEnergy Procedia, Vol. 63Shallow water 3D CSEM: A case study from MalaysiaHåkon Toralv Pedersen, M. Akmal Affendi, B. Adrian, and Azani B. A. Manaf21 October 2010 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2009ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2009 Pages: 4338 publication data© 2009 Copyright © 2009 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 14 Oct 2009 CITATION INFORMATION Frank A. Maaø and Anh Kiet Nguyen, (2009), "Enhanced subsurface response for marine CSEM surveying," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 810-814. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3255875 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Assessment of CAR- or CD46-Dependent Adenoviral Vector-Mediated TRAIL Gene Therapy in Clinical Adenocarcinoma Lung Cancer Cells (2009)

Adenoviral vector-mediated transfer of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) can be a powerful approach to lung cancer therapy. However, the efficiency of adenoviral vector gene transfer and the sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis in the context of adenoviral vector gene transfer have yet to be characterized in primary lung cancers. In this study, we investigated the expression of adenoviral receptor CD46 expression in primary lung cancer cells. In contrast to previous reports on enhanced CD46 expression in various types of cancer cells, we show a significantly higher CD46 expression in lung adenocarcinomas compared to lung squamous cell carcinomas. Using Ad5-GFP and Ad5F35-GFP vectors, we demonstrated an improved gene transfer efficiency in primary lung cancer cells by the Ad5F35 vector. The apoptosis induction effect mediated by Ad5-TRAIL and Ad5F35-TRAIL vector gene transfer was compared in cells from 10 lung adenocarcinomas. Of 5 lung cancers in which apoptosis was induced, 2 had an enhanced effect by Ad5F35-TRAIL vector gene transfer compared to Ad5-GFP. Thus, these results indicate a method to identify TRAIL-sensitive primary lung cancers, which will also facilitate the analysis of resistance mechanisms in lung cancers.
Photoresponsive crown ethers. Part 6. Ion transport mediated by photoinduced cis—trans interconversion of azobis(benzocrown ethers) (1982)

In the light-driven membrane (o-dichlorobenzene) transport with azobis(benzo-15-crown-5)(Cr(5,5)), we have found that by alternate irradiation with u.v. light and visible light the rate of K+ is considerably accelerated while the rates of Na+ and Rb+ transport are accelerated only a little. This result indicates that efficient light-driven ion-transport is achieved with moderately stable complexes (e.g. K[cis-Cr(5,5)]) rather than with unstable (Na[cis-Cr(5,5)]) or very stable (Rb[cis-Cr(5,5)]) complexes. The rate ratio of K+versus Na+ independent transport in the dark ([M+] in the aqueous phase/[Cr(5,5)] in the membrane phase = 80) was only 2.7-fold, whereas that in competitive ion transport ([M+] in the aqueous phase/[Cr(5,5)] in the membrane phase = 1 000) was enhanced up to 27-fold. In competitive ion transport, the rates of Na+ and K+ transport were both suppressed by u.v. light irradiation and significantly enhanced under alternate irradiation with u.v, and visible light. Since the photoirradiation effect is similar to that of K+ transport, it is proposed that the rate of competitive ion transport is primarily governed by the affinity of K+ for the carrier molecule.
Design of GPS Information Processing System Based on Single Chip Microcomputer (2019)

With the rapid development of science and technology in the 21st century, the Global Positioning System (GPS) has become one of the representatives of the development achievements of this era. The system not only has high precision and good performance, but also has a wide range of application. It has been widely used in land, ocean, space and other fields, with a very high market share. In response to a surge in demand for satellite-positioning and navigation applications, In this paper, the GPS information processing system is constructed with hardware modules such as GPS receiving module and LCD module as the main structure, single chip microcomputer as the core controller, supplemented by necessary peripheral circuits. The success of GPS information processing system based on single chip microcomputer solves the problem of high price of GPS devices in the market. In general, the design structure is not only modular and easy to carry, the most important is the human nature, cost-effective, and has great practical value.
550 GHz bandwidth photodetector on low-temperaturegrown molecular-beamepitaxial GaAs (1998)

peer reviewed
Evaluation of the shielding effects on printed-circuit-board transformers using ferrite plates (2002)

This paper presents an effective shielding technique and a simple structure for printed-circuit-board (PCB) transformers. Performance of PCB transformers using the proposed shielding technique is evaluated using thin ferrite plates and copper sheets. Without affecting the transformer energy efficiency, the shielding method under investigation can achieve 28 dB shielding effectiveness (SE), which is much higher than the SE (about 4 dB) obtained by shielding the transformer windings with only two ferrite plates. The proposed PCB transformer structure is very simple and has high energy efficiency (>90%) for Megahertz operation.
Deficiency of Niemann-Pick Type C-1 Protein Impairs Release of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Results in Gag Accumulation in Late Endosomal/Lysosomal Compartments (2009)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) relies on cholesterol-laden lipid raft membrane microdomains for entry into and egress out of susceptible cells. In the present study, we examine the need for intracellular cholesterol trafficking pathways with respect to HIV-1 biogenesis using Niemann-Pick type C-1 (NPC1)-deficient (NPCD) cells, wherein these pathways are severely compromised, causing massive accumulation of cholesterol in late endosomal/lysosomal (LE/L) compartments. We have found that induction of an NPC disease-like phenotype through treatment of various cell types with the commonly used hydrophobic amine drug U18666A resulted in profound suppression of HIV-1 release. Further, NPCD Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B lymphocytes and fibroblasts from patients with NPC disease infected with a CD4-independent strain of HIV-1 or transfected with an HIV-1 proviral clone, respectively, replicated HIV-1 poorly compared to normal cells. Infection of the NPCD fibroblasts with a vesicular stomatitis virus G-pseudotyped strain of HIV-1 produced similar results, suggesting a postentry block to HIV-1 replication in these cells. Examination of these cells using confocal microscopy showed an accumulation and stabilization of Gag in LE/L compartments. Additionally, normal HIV-1 production could be restored in NPCD cells upon expression of a functional NPC1 protein, and overexpression of NPC1 increased HIV-1 release. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that intact intracellular cholesterol trafficking pathways mediated by NPC1 are needed for efficient HIV-1 production.