gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genealogy Profiling through Strain Improvement by Using Metabolic Network Analysis: Metabolic Flux Genealogy of Several Generations of Lysine-Producing Corynebacteria (2002)

A comprehensive approach of metabolite balancing, (13)C tracer studies, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, and isotopomer modeling was applied for comparative metabolic network analysis of a genealogy of five successive generations of lysine-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum. The five strains examined (C. glutamicum ATCC 13032, 13287, 21253, 21526, and 21543) were previously obtained by random mutagenesis and selection. Throughout the genealogy, the lysine yield in batch cultures increased markedly from 1.2 to 24.9% relative to the glucose uptake flux. Strain optimization was accompanied by significant changes in intracellular flux distributions. The relative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux successively increased, clearly corresponding to the product yield. Moreover, the anaplerotic net flux increased almost twofold as a consequence of concerted regulation of C(3) carboxylation and C(4) decarboxylation fluxes to cover the increased demand for lysine formation; thus, the overall increase was a consequence of concerted regulation of C(3) carboxylation and C(4) decarboxylation fluxes. The relative flux through isocitrate dehydrogenase dropped from 82.7% in the wild type to 59.9% in the lysine-producing mutants. In contrast to the NADPH demand, which increased from 109 to 172% due to the increasing lysine yield, the overall NADPH supply remained constant between 185 and 196%, resulting in a decrease in the apparent NADPH excess through strain optimization. Extrapolated to industrial lysine producers, the NADPH supply might become a limiting factor. The relative contributions of PPP and the tricarboxylic acid cycle to NADPH generation changed markedly, indicating that C. glutamicum is able to maintain a constant supply of NADPH under completely different flux conditions. Statistical analysis by a Monte Carlo approach revealed high precision for the estimated fluxes, underlining the fact that the observed differences were clearly strain specific.
Cramer-Rao lower bound of channel estimator in continuous variable quantum key distribution (2016)

The channel estimation is one of the essential components to make the long distance transmission of continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD). In this paper we provide the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of the channel estimator, which is the minimum variance that an estimator can achieve. We compare CRLB with the channel transmission parameter estimator proposed in [15] for long distance CV-QKD systems.
Analysis of Morphology and Growth Kinetics of Zn-Mn and Zn-0.2wt.%Al-Mn Hot-Dip Galvanizing Coatings (2011)

The influence of manganese in Zn-Mn and Zn-0.2wt.%Al-Mn bath on the morphology and growth kinetics of the galvanizing coatings has been studied using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy. When galvanized in zinc bath, the coating consists mainly h and ζphase. When manganese is added in zinc bath, the morphology of ζ phase changes from fragmental to compact. Manganese favors the formation of the δ phase and inhibits the growth of the ζ phase.When galvanized in Zn-0.2wt.%Al bath, the coating consists only δ and h phase. With the addition of manganese in Zn-0.2wt.%Al bath, the morphology of δ phase changes from fragmental to compact The thickness of the Fe-Zn intermetallic phase layer in coatings decreases obviously when manganese is added into zinc and Zn-0.2wt.%Al bath, and the thickness increases slowly with the increase of immersion time.
Direct Volume Editing (2008)

In this work we present basic methodology for interactive volume editing on GPUs, and we demonstrate the use of these methods to achieve a number of different effects. We present fast techniques to modify the appearance and structure of volumetric scalar fields given on Cartesian grids. Similar to 2D circular brushes as used in surface painting we present 3D spherical brushes for intuitive coloring of particular structures in such fields. This paint metaphor is extended to allow the user to change the data itself, and the use of this functionality for interactive structure isolation, hole filling, and artefact removal is demonstrated. Building on previous work in the field we introduce high-resolution selection volumes, which can be seen as a resolution-based focus+context metaphor. By utilizing such volumes we present a novel approach to interactive volume editing at sub-voxel accuracy. Finally, we introduce a fast technique to paste textures onto iso-surfaces in a 3D scalar field. Since the texture resolution is independent of the volume resolution, this technique allows structure-aligned textures containing appearance properties or textual information to be used for volume augmentation and annotation.
Dishevelled is essential for neural connectivity and planar cell polarity in planarians (2011)

The Wingless/Integrated (Wnt) signaling pathway controls multiple events during development and homeostasis. It comprises multiple branches, mainly classified according to their dependence on β-catenin activation. The Wnt/β-catenin branch is essential for the establishment of the embryonic anteroposterior (AP) body axis throughout the phylogenetic tree. It is also required for AP axis establishment during planarian regeneration. Wnt/β-catenin-independent signaling encompasses several different pathways, of which the most extensively studied is the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, which is responsible for planar polarization of cell structures within an epithelial sheet. Dishevelled (Dvl) is the hub of Wnt signaling because it regulates and channels the Wnt signal into every branch. Here, we analyze the role of Schmidtea mediterranea Dvl homologs (Smed-dvl-1 and Smed-dvl-2) using gene silencing. We demonstrate that in addition to a role in AP axis specification, planarian Dvls are involved in at least two different β-catenin-independent processes. First, they are essential for neural connectivity through Smed-wnt5 signaling. Second, Smed-dvl-2, together with the S. mediterranea homologs of Van-Gogh (Vang) and Diversin (Div), is required for apical positioning of the basal bodies of epithelial cells. These data represent evidence not only of the function of the PCP network in lophotrocozoans but of the involvement of the PCP core elements Vang and Div in apical positioning of the cilia.
Microfibers: Amorphous Metal‐Sulphide Microfibers Enable Photonic Synapses for Brain‐Like Computing (Advanced Optical Materials 5/2015) (2015)

The optical axon and photonic synapse transmit information with optical pulses that propagate along a fiber, whose transmission is altered through photodarkening as a result of exposure at a sub-bandgap wavelength. As explained by B. Gholipour et al. on page 635, this photomodifiation plays the role of either inhibitory or excitatory action potentials in the post-synaptic axon.
Techno-Economic Study in Telecommunications (1996)

Competition in telecommunications field brings about change in attitudes toward technology development. It is no longer the case that technology development itself has merits but that technology development should be considered in terms of its economic concepts such as the cost-effectiveness concept. Techno-Economic study intend to incorporate the idea of economic efficiency into technology development and management so that economic potential of technologies is maximized. This paper categorizes the contents of techno-economic study in telecommunications and information technologies and suggests a framework of techno-economic study based on technology lifecycle and decision makers.
Radiofrequency Ablation: Inflammatory Changes in the Periablative Zone Can Induce Global Organ Effects, including Liver Regeneration (2015)

Hepatic RF ablation induces not only a local periablational inflammatory zone but also more global proliferative effects on the liver. These IL-6- and/or c-met-mediated changes could potentially account for some of the local and distant tumor recurrence observed after treatment.
<title>Photochemically deposited contaminant film effects</title> (1996)

Perhaps the most pernicious types of spacecraft contaminants are photochemically deposited ('solarized') molecular films. The magnitudes of the effects of these films on thermal control and solar photovoltaic surfaces are difficult to predict with high reliability. This uncertainty has two primary origins. Spacecraft contaminant films are not made of pure, well characterized materials, and, once they are deposited, they can become further darkened by energetic radiation in the natural space environment. This paper presents the results of a laboratory study aimed at gaining a greater understanding of the impact photochemical deposition on spacecraft and other optics. Photodeposition results and analyses of the ultraviolet and visible transmission spectra of films from several organic precursor molecules are reported. The major differences among contaminant film types have been found to be in the initial photodeposition propensity, rather than in the ultimate optical properties of the films. Models of the effects of the photodeposits on thermal control surfaces are presented.
Enhancement by Diuretics of the Antihypertensive Action of Long-Term Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Blockade (1980)

Thirty-nine patients with various types of hypertension were treated by chronic blockage of the angiotensin converting enzyme, i.e. by twice daily administration of captopril, 50 to 200 mg p.o. The blood pressure reduction observed 1 hour following administration of the inhibitor was directly related to the baseline plasma renin activity (r=- 0.67, p < 0.001). Whenever blockade of the renin system alone did not lower blood pressure to normal levels additional sodium subtraction brought it under control. With the renin system neutralized, blood pressure becomes exquisitely sensitive to changes in sodium balance. Diuretics seem to preserve optimal natriuretic efficacy despite blood pressure reduction, probably because aldosterone levels are reduced and renal blood flow increases. Blockade of the renin system together with individually tailored salt subtraction provides an attractive new approach to long-term treatment of clinical hypertension.
Object segmentation using stereo images (2004)

Object segmentation is one of the vital tasks in various three-dimensional applications. The paper presents a hybrid object segmentation algorithm to combine intensity segmentation and disparity segmentation in a stereoscopic vision system. First, the disparity maps of the stereo images are estimated using a foreground-based disparity estimation method. Then, the intensity stereo images and their corresponding disparity maps are separately segmented using a region-growing technique. The real segmentation mask can be obtained and the semantic object be extracted by a fusion processing on the intensity and disparity segments. Computer simulations indicate the reliable performance of the proposed algorithm for stereoscopic segmentation.
Two Species of the Sclerotiniaceae in Taiwan (1997)

Morphological and ecological characteristics of two discomycetes within the Sclerotiniaceae, Dicephalospora rufocornea and Lanzia huangshanica are discussed. Lanzia huangshanica is new to Taiwan.
Factors associated with recovery of meat products following recalls due to Shiga toxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2016)

Food-product recall data for recalls due to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) from 2000 to 2012 were obtained for establishments regulated by the United States Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS). Statistical tests were used to assess the factors associated with recovery of product following STEC recalls along with the relationship between cluster detection and jurisdictions. Our results indicated that the percentage of recalled product recovered following a recall action due to STEC was dependent on the complexity of distribution, type of distribution, amount of time between production and recall dates, and the number of pounds of product recalled. Illness-related STEC recalls were associated with a lower percentage of product recovery which was probably impacted by larger amounts of product recalled, broader production scope, and delays from epidemiological and traceback investigations. Further, detection of illnesses related to STEC recalls seemed to be enhanced in states with additional resources and a history of successful foodborne investigations. This makes an argument for additional resources dedicated to public health agencies specifically for the surveillance of foodborne illnesses.
High power side-pumped Er/Yb doped fiber amplifier (2003)

A high-power Er/Yb double-cladding fiber amplifier, side-pumped through a V-groove by a 100-/spl mu/m-wide broad stripe laser diode exhibited 32 dBm output power, 57 dB small signal gain, a 3 dB gain compression at 28 dBm, and a 15% electrical to optical power conversion efficiency.
Accelerated Edge-Preserving Image Restoration Without Boundary Artifacts (2013)

To reduce blur in noisy images, regularized image restoration methods have been proposed that use nonquadratic regularizers (like l1 regularization or total-variation) that suppress noise while preserving edges in the image. Most of these methods assume a circulant blur (periodic convolution with a blurring kernel) that can lead to wraparound artifacts along the boundaries of the image due to the implied periodicity of the circulant model. Using a noncirculant model could prevent these artifacts at the cost of increased computational complexity. In this paper, we propose to use a circulant blur model combined with a masking operator that prevents wraparound artifacts. The resulting model is noncirculant, so we propose an efficient algorithm using variable splitting and augmented Lagrangian (AL) strategies. Our variable splitting scheme, when combined with the AL framework and alternating minimization, leads to simple linear systems that can be solved noniteratively using fast Fourier transforms (FFTs), eliminating the need for more expensive conjugate gradient-type solvers. The proposed method can also efficiently tackle a variety of convex regularizers, including edge-preserving (e.g., total-variation) and sparsity promoting (e.g., l1-norm) regularizers. Simulation results show fast convergence of the proposed method, along with improved image quality at the boundaries where the circulant model is inaccurate.
A Technique to Measure High-Power Electron Beam Currents (1973)

A technique has been used to measure electron beams in excess of 200 kA/cm2 with energies of 105−106 eV. The technique uses a high-level nanosecond risetime Faraday cup combined with a dielectric differential range filter to separate the primary electrons from low-energy charge carriers in the transport system. This technique has been the one used to measure primary beam currents in excess of 5×105 A with pulsewidths on the order of 100 nsec. When combined with a knowledge of particle energy, power flux and deposition profiles may be inferred. A derivation of the electric field generated at the cup collector is included.
Sharing a Processor Among Many Job Classes (1980)

A single-server processor-sharing system with M job classes is analyzed in the steady state. The scheduling strategy considered divides the total processor capacity in unequal fractions among the different job classes. More precisely, if there are N~jobs of classj in the system, j = 1, 2 ..... M, each class k job receives a fraction gh/(~M.~ giN~) of the processor capacity.
Surface array protein of Campylobacter fetus. Cloning and gene structure. (1990)

The high molecular mass (97-149 kDa) surface array proteins (SAP) of Campylobacter fetus are critical to virulence. We created a bank of 160,000 random 1.0-6.5-kilobase (kb) chromosomal DNA fragments of C. fetus strain 84-32 (23D) using lambda gt11. Screening this bank in Escherichia coli Y1090 with antibody raised against purified SAP permitted isolation and purification of a clone with a 4.0-kb insert. Subcloning this insert in the E. coli vector, pUC9, permitted expression of a protein of approximately 100 kDa, not fused with beta-galactoside or inducible by isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside. Digestion with restriction endonucleases, and construction of deletion mutations indicated that the gene extended over 2.8 kb, proceeding toward the start of the beta-galactosidase gene. Taking advantage of a unique PstI site at 1.7 kb, we subcloned PstI-EcoRI fragments in both orientations into M13 vectors, then generated and sequenced 48 deletion mutants. In the 3974-base insert, an open reading frame, beginning at nucleotide 24 and terminating at 2825, was found to encode a 933-amino acid polypeptide having a calculated molecular mass of 96,758 daltons. The first 20 amino acids exactly match those determined from amino-terminal sequencing, indicating that this protein is secreted without a leader sequence. The deduced amino acid composition matches that of the purified SAP. We identified a ribosomal binding site 9 bases upstream, and a putative transcription terminator (delta G = -12.4) 21 bases downstream. There is partial homology of primary and secondary structure with five other bacterial S-layer proteins.
Ambiguity properties of quadratic congruential coding (1991)

The ambiguity characteristics of multiple access frequency hop codes based on standard quadratic congruences are investigated in the light of results obtained for codes based on Costas arrays and extended quadratic congruences. While the autoambiguity properties are found to be very similar to those of Costa codes, i.e. nearly ideal, the cross-ambiguity properties of quadratic congruential codes are much better. These results are valid across the whole class of code sets considered, but they are obtained at some expense in the pulse compression characteristics of the codes. A uniform upper bound is placed on the entire cross-ambiguity function surface, and bounds are placed on the amplitude of spurious peaks in the autoambiguity function. These bounds depend on the time-bandwidth product and code length exclusively and lead naturally to a discussion of the design tradeoffs for these two parameters. Examples of typical autoambiguity and cross-ambiguity functions are given to illustrate the performance of quadratic congruential coding with respect to Costas coding.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Argon AR Web Browser and standards-based AR application environment (2011)

A common vision of Augmented Reality (AR) is that of a person immersed in a diverse collection of virtual information, superimposed on their view of the world around them. If such a vision is to become reality, an ecosystem for AR must be created that satisfies at least these properties: multiple sources (or channels of interactive information) must be able to be simultaneously displayed and interacted with, channels must be isolated from each other (for security and stability), channel authors must have the flexibility to design the content and interactivity of their channel, and the application must fluidly integrate with the ever-growing cloud of systems and services that define our digital lives. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of the Argon AR Web Browser and describe our vision of an AR application environment that leverages the WWW ecosystem. We also describe KARML, our extension to KML (the spatial markup language for Google Earth and Maps), that supports the functionality required for mobile AR. We combine KARML with the full range of standard web technologies to create a standards-based web browser for mobile AR. KARML lets users develop 2D and 3D content using existing web technologies and facilitates easy deployment from standard web servers. We highlight a number of projects that have used Argon and point out the ways in which our web-based architecture has made previously impractical AR concepts possible.
Continuous Extraction of Trapped Air from Bubble Ice or Water for On-Line Determination of Isotope Ratios (2003)

We describe a new continuous extraction system for trapped air from bubble ice or water for on-line determination of the isotopic composition of the main air components nitrogen and oxygen (delta15N, delta18O, and delta17O). Studies of the composition of air from bubbles trapped in polar ice are providing fundamental information about ancient atmospheric composition and, therefore, are an important tool to learn more about Earth's climate. The new system proved to work reliably for standard air admixed and subsequently removed from a water stream. The precision (1 SD) of standard measurements is approximately 0.04/1000 for delta15N, approximately 0.1/1000 for delta18O, and approximately 0.15/1000 for delta17O. Ice measurements with the new on-line system are promising. Continuous measurements of nitrogen as well as oxygen isotope ratios can be performed with a spatial resolution of approximately 3 cm and nearly the same precision as for the standards. However, the measured delta values of ice are generally lower, as compared to ice measured with conventional techniques, as a result of a time-dependent dissolution process of air in water associated with kinetic fractionation, which affects standard and sample differently. By modeling the dynamics of the this dissolution process, we found a reason for the lack of accuracy and propose an improvement of the system that will lead to a better accuracy of the ice measurements.
Reduction of Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) Populations by Surface Residues in Wheat Tillage Studies1 (1985)

Journal Article Reduction of Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) Populations by Surface Residues in Wheat Tillage Studies Get access Robert L. Burton, Robert L. Burton Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Eugene G. Krenzer, Jr. Eugene G. Krenzer, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 78, Issue 2, 1 April 1985, Pages 390–394, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/78.2.390 Published: 01 April 1985 Article history Received: 17 September 1984 Accepted: 03 December 1984 Published: 01 April 1985
Cutting Edge: Resident Memory CD8 T Cells Occupy Frontline Niches in Secondary Lymphoid Organs (2014)

Resident memory CD8 T cells (TRM) are a nonrecirculating subset positioned in nonlymphoid tissues to provide early responses to reinfection. Although TRM are associated with nonlymphoid tissues, we asked whether they populated secondary lymphoid organs (SLO). We show that a subset of virus-specific memory CD8 T cells in SLO exhibit phenotypic signatures associated with TRM, including CD69 expression. Parabiosis revealed that SLO CD69(+) memory CD8 T cells do not circulate, defining them as TRM. SLO TRM were overrepresented in IL-15-deficient mice, suggesting independent regulation compared with central memory CD8 T cells and effector memory CD8 T cells. These cells were positioned at SLO entry points for peripheral Ags: the splenic marginal zone, red pulp, and lymph node sinuses. Consistent with a potential role in guarding SLO pathogen entry points, SLO TRM did not vacate their position in response to peripheral alarm signals. These data extend the range of tissue resident memory to SLO.