gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overview of the structural basis for transcription regulation by nuclear hormone receptors (2004)

The mechanism of action of the nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) as gene- regulatory molecules has become a major focus of current biological interest. NHRs belong to the superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors, which are involved in the regulation of homoeostasis, reproduction, development and differentiation. To fully understand their functions, it is important to know the functional three-dimensional structure of these proteins. Molecular cloning and structure-function analyses have revealed that NHRs commonly have three functional regions: the N-terminal, DNA-binding and ligand-binding domains. Structures of some of these domains expressed independently have been solved. However, to date the three-dimensional structure remains unknown for full-length and even for any two domains together of any NHR family member. The available structures nevertheless begin to give clues of how site-specific DNA binding takes place, and how ligand binding alters the ligand-binding domain, consequently affecting potential interactions of the NHRs with co-activators/co-repressors and other components of basal transcriptional machinery. However, precisely how signals from a ligand through its NHR are passed to specific genes is still unknown. Herein, we present a broad overview of current knowledge on the structure and functions of the NHRs.
Analysis of signal propagation in optically coupled detectors for digital mammography: II. Lens and fibre optics (1996)

An x-ray detector for digital x-ray mammography is under investigation, which consists of a phosphor screen coupled by a demagnifying fibre-optic taper to a time-delay integration mode, charge-coupled device (CCD) image array. The signal propagation through such a detector depends on the intensity and angular emission of light from the phosphor screen, the angular acceptance and transmission of light through the optics, and the spectral sensitivity of the CCD to the fluorescent light. The production of light by the phosphor screen was considered in a previous paper. Here, the issues related to the optics are examined. For phosphor screens coupled by lenses with limiting acceptance angles of less than 30 degrees, it was calculated that the coupling efficiency would be 10% greater than would be estimated under the assumption of a Lambertian source. These increases occur because a phosphor screen typically produces light which is more forward directed than a Lambertian source. Similar increases in efficiency are observed when a phosphor screen is coupled to a fibre-optic faceplate or taper. For fibre optics, exact estimation of the optical coupling efficiency requires knowledge of the angular-dependent transmission efficiency of the fibres.
Multiple Subscriber-Identity-Module Detection Using Social Network Analysis Techniques (2014)

Some Telco customers have multiple "Subscriber-Identity-Modules" or SIM cards across competing mobile operators or within the same operator. Multi-SIM detection is beneficial to telecommunications operators in tuning campaigns, acquiring usage from competitors, and retaining customers. The goal was to develop and materialize the techniques required to build a model for detecting such customers, and link between the dials of a single customer within the same operator and/or across different operators. The model was based on Social Network Analysis (SNA), which preliminary necessitated representing the social network graph atop the data warehouse that is continuously fed by switches and charging/billing systems, having customers as nodes and their interactions as links. Centrality metrics were calculated for the nodes along with behavioral attributes for the links, to facilitate for equivalence analysis between each pair of nodes. Its steps typically included detecting the common block of nodes touched by each pair of nodes with respect to the degree centrality of both nodes, and analyzing the way each node in the pair interacts with each node in the common block basing on link attributes. False detection is reduced by calculating the diversity of social circles found in the common block between a potential pair, and counting the sub-edges between both nodes in the pair. Resulting metrics are weighted both manually and using linear regression, and then final scores are used to cluster potential pairs into Multi-SIM probability deciles. The SNA-based approach ensured linking to other dials of a single customer even when belonging to a competitor, and market research analysis proved an arbitrary accuracy level reaching almost 90% when targeting the highest 15% ranking customers. Multiple model verification pinpointed a sweet spot that provides an accuracy level of 84% at Multi-SIM base penetration of 76%. The in-database implementation of metrics ensured a certain level of agility.
Synthesis and antileishmanial activity of some 1- or 2-(dihydroxyalkyl) and 3-(dihydroxyalkoxy)pyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidines. (1991)

Several new derivatives of 4-amino-, 4,6-diamino- and 4-hydrazino-[3,4-d]pyrimidine dihydroxyalkyl substituted in the 1 or 2 positions, or dihydroxyalkoxy substituted in the 3 position have been synthesized. Some of these compounds were evaluated for their activity against Leishmania infantum in mice. The highest degree of antileishmanial activity was displayed by the 4-amino-1-(dihydroxyalkyl) derivatives which yielded parasite inhibition values nearly comparable with that of glucantime in a standard 5-day test.
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (OATP1B3) is overexpressed in colorectal tumors and is a predictor of clinical outcome (2008)

OATP1B3 expression was seen in the majority of colon tumors and may be a marker of lower grade and lower stage tumors and may predict for improved outcome in certain tumors.
NF-κB inhibition causes spontaneous apoptosis in Epstein–Barr virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cells (2000)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transforms B lymphocytes into lymphoblastoid cell lines usurping the Notch and tumor necrosis factor receptor pathways to effect transcription including NF-kappaB activation. To determine whether NF-kappaB activity is essential in the growth and survival of EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines, a nondegradable IkappaBalpha mutant was expressed under tetracycline regulation. Despite continued Bcl-2 and Bcl-x/L expression, NF-kappaB inhibition induced apoptosis as evidenced by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, nuclear condensation and fragmentation, and hypodiploid DNA content. Both caspase 3 and 8 activation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential were observed in apoptotic cells. However, caspase inhibition failed to block apoptosis. These experiments indicate that NF-kappaB inhibitors may be useful in the therapy of EBV-induced cellular proliferation.
Analysis of peripheral maternal blood samples for the presence of placenta‐derived cells using Y‐specific probes and McAb H315 (1988)

Using flow cytometry, a small number of cellular elements expressing on their surface an antigen (H315) produced by placental trophoblast have been observed in the peripheral blood of pregnant women. This is in agreement with previous observations (Covone et al., 1984a,b) and recent results documenting the presence of a small number of H315-positive cells in the peripheral circulation of pregnant women (Pool et al., 1987; Caligaris-Cappio and Camaschella, personal communication). When DNA extracts, prepared from H315-positive cells sorted from maternal samples were tested by Southern transfer using Y-specific probes (Y190 or Y411), a Y-specific band could not be detected in any sample analysed, irrespective of the sex of the fetus. In control samples from healthy male donors, a Y-specific band could be detected with as few as 800 46,XY cells without interference from contaminating 46,XX cells. H315-positive cellular elements, sorted by flow cytometry from the maternal peripheral blood, were also examined in interphase using Y-specific probes (Y190 and Y431) and an in situ biotin-avidin fluorescent hybridization technique. The great majority of the sorted H315-positive cellular elements did not show a fluorescent Y body, even in samples from mothers who later delivered a male infant. While previous investigations had failed to demonstrate the in vitro uptake of H315 antigen onto the surface of leucocytes from healthy males incubated in maternal sera, the present studies demonstrate that cells from male donors could adsorb this antigen following incubation in extracts prepared from retroplacental blood. These findings thus suggest that the majority of H315-positive nucleated cells previously detected by flow cytometry in the peripheral circulation of pregnant women are maternal cells which have adsorbed H315 antigen in vivo, either in soluble form or as small cell membrane fragments.
Design and evaluation of a compiler for embedded stream programs (2008)

Applications that combine live data streams with embedded, parallel, and distributed processing are becoming more commonplace. WaveScript is a domain-specific language that brings high-level, type-safe, garbage-collected programming to these domains. This is made possible by three primary implementation techniques, each of which leverages characteristics of the streaming domain. First, we employ a novel evaluation strategy that uses a combination of interpretation and reification to partially evaluate programs into stream dataflow graphs. Second, we use profile-driven compilation to enable many optimizations that are normally only available in the synchronous (rather than asynchronous) dataflow domain. Finally, we incorporate an extensible system for rewrite rules to capture algebraic properties in specific domains (such as signal processing). We have used our language to build and deploy a sensornetwork for the acoustic localization of wild animals, in particular, the Yellow-Bellied marmot. We evaluate WaveScript's performance on this application, showing that it yields good performance on both embedded and desktop-class machines, including distributed execution and substantial parallel speedups. Our language allowed us to implement the application rapidly, while outperforming a previous C implementation by over 35%, using fewer than half the lines of code. We evaluate the contribution of our optimizations to this success.
An intelligent sound alam recognition system for smart cars and smart homes (2018)

Our work describes a unique alarm recognition scheme for smart cars and smart homes that recognizes several alarm sound categories such as a police alarm or ambulance alarm while driving, or smoke or gas alarms while at home. This system is essential in emergency situations on the road or at home. Our algorithm uses Short-Time Fourier Transforms and GPS data to analyze a small section of the signal and compare it to a pre-defined list of analyzed alerts that we maintain. Compared to human alarm recognition while driving survey results, our scheme achieves much better results against the same background noise, more than doubling the human recognition distance.
Four regulatory elements in the human c-fos promoter mediate transactivation by HTLV-1 Tax protein. (1991)

Expression of the human c-fos proto-oncogene is activated in trans by the Tax protein encoded by human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1). Indeed, we show here that a HeLa clone stably transfected by Tax expresses Fos at a high level. We also show that multiple elements of the human c-fos promoter, i.e. the v-sis conditioned medium inducible element (SIE), the dyad symmetry element (DSE) necessary for growth factor induction, the octanucleotide direct repeat element (DR), and the cyclic AMP response element (CRE) centred at -60, can all mediate Tax transactivation. In the DSE, the 10bp central core that binds the serum response factor (SRF) is, by itself, sufficient to mediate Tax transactivation. Moreover, a CRE-binding protein is involved in Tax activation through the CRE-60 element. Since Fos is a transregulator of cellular genes, our results suggest that the oncoprotein plays a crucial role in T-cell transformation by HTLV-1 in conjunction with other Tax-inducible genes.
Comprobación científica del uso popular de plantas medicinales en Guatemala (2015)

En Guatemala, asi como en otros paises centroamericanos y tambien latinoamericanos han tenido por milenios el uso de MEDICINA TRADICIONAL que como parte de ella muchos hacemos el estudio de las PLANTAS MEDIFINALES, pues dentro de la cultura MAYA se puede observar el contemplacionismo, divinidades, sacerdotes, brujos, comadronas, hueseros curanderos, hierberos y muchos dioses a quienes ellos adoraban (dios del maiz, dios de la lluvia, dios del sol, dios de la medicina, etc.) cultura que aun y dichosamente prevalece en Guatemala, teniendo a la fecha mas de 22 etnias con diferentes dialectos y 360 trajes diferentes con sus rituales y costumbres.
ChemInform Abstract: New Carbon‐Carbon Linked Amphiphilic Carboranyl‐Porphyrins as Boron Neutron Capture Agents. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis of Insect Sex Pheromones and Their Homologues; (Z)-6-Alkenyl Acetates from the Wittig Reaction (1978)

Journal Article Synthesis of Insect Sex Pheromones and Their Homologues; (Z)-6-Alkenyl Acetates from the Wittig Reaction Get access Michio Horiike, Michio Horiike Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kochi University, Nangoku-shi, Kochi 783 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Masaru Tanouchi, Masaru Tanouchi Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kochi University, Nangoku-shi, Kochi 783 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Chisato Hirano Chisato Hirano Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kochi University, Nangoku-shi, Kochi 783 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 42, Issue 10, 1 October 1978, Pages 1963–1965, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1978.10863290 Published: 01 October 1978 Article history Received: 02 June 1978 Published: 01 October 1978
Developing mercury removal methods for power plants (1994)

The ability to remove mercury from power plant flue gas may be an issue in light of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments` requirement that the EPA assess health risks associated with trace substance emissions. Two approaches currently being tested are the direct injection of activated carbon into flue gas and the use of wet scrubbing. Pilot results to date suggest that both approaches hold promise for mercury removal, although significant work must be completed to determine if they are applicable under the wide range of flue gas conditions encountered in fossil-fuel-fired power plants, as well as to assess their cost to the utility industry.
Metastability in the Inhibitory Mechanism of Human α1-Antitrypsin (1999)

Metastability of the native form of proteins has been recognized as a mechanism of biological regulation. The energy-loaded structure of the fusion protein of influenza virus and the strained native structure of serpins (serine protease inhibitors) are typical examples. To understand the structural basis and functional role of the native metastability of inhibitory serpins, we characterized stabilizing mutations of alpha1-antitrypsin in a region presumably involved in complex formation with a target protease. We found various unfavorable interactions such as overpacking of side chains, polar-nonpolar interactions, and cavities as the structural basis of the native metastability. For several stabilizing mutations, there was a concomitant decrease in the inhibitory activity. Remarkably, some substitutions at Lys-335 increased the stability over 6 kcal mol-1 with simultaneous loss of activity over 30% toward porcine pancreatic elastase. Considering the location and energetic cost of Lys-335, we propose that this lysine plays a pivotal role in conformational switch during complex formation. Our current results are quite contradictory to those of previously reported hydrophobic core mutations, which increased the stability up to 9 kcal mol-1 without any significant loss of activity. It appears that the local strain of inhibitory serpins is critical for the inhibitory activity.
Inactivation of Horseradish Peroxidase by Acid for Sequential Chemiluminescent Western Blot (2019)

Chemiluminescent western blot (WB) is often performed sequentially for detection of overlapping proteins; in between, prior antibodies must be stripped or the conjugated horseradish peroxidase (HRP) inactivated. However, often, stripping either is insufficient to remove all the bound antibodies or causes protein loss, whereas treatment with hydrogen peroxide, a popular way to inactivate HRP, may affect epitope recognition as the authors previously reported. To date, an ideal method for sequential chemiluminescent WB is still missing. Here it is demonstrated that acid equivalent to 10% acetic acid can efficiently inactivate HRP, allowing sequential probing without protein loss or epitope damage.
Two timing recovery algorithms for MSK (2002)

Suggests two algorithms that allow efficient timing recovery for MSK based on the computation of the Fourier spectrum of the absolute value of the differential phases. One is suited for parallel frequency estimation while the second is less complex but requires previous frequency correction. The algorithms are investigated using both analysis and simulation. The two algorithms approximately lead to the same results as known from linear modulation techniques. Using a differential detection MSK receiver, an optimal preamble of length 16 is sufficient for achieving SNR losses below 0.5 dB at 12 dB, when interpolating the differential phase sequence to 8/T.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Load Adaptive Dynamic Mapping for video streaming over IEEE 802.11e network (2013)

Due to the harsh Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of video streaming, it is a great challenge to provide multimedia service over wireless networks. In this paper, we consider video transmission in IEEE 802.11e networks, and propose a Load Adaptive Dynamic Mapping (LADM) scheme to improve the video transmission quality. In LADM, the enqueue rate of different kinds of packets and the dequeue rate of the queues are used as detailed indication of traffic load. Then the video packets are dynamically mapped into appropriate access categories according to both the significance of the video data and the network traffic load. To further improve the video transmission performance, the active packet discarding method is adopted to protect more important packets in case of heavy traffic load. The simulation results show that the LADM scheme improves the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) of the received video.
Depletion of definitive gut endoderm in<i>Sox17</i>-null mutant mice (2002)

In the mouse, the definitive endoderm is derived from the epiblast during gastrulation, and, at the early organogenesis stage, forms the primitive gut tube, which gives rise to the digestive tract, liver, pancreas and associated visceral organs. The transcription factors, Sox17 (a Sry-related HMG box factor) and its upstream factors, Mixer (homeobox factor) and Casanova (a novel Sox factor), have been shown to function as endoderm determinants in Xenopus and zebrafish, respectively. However, whether the mammalian orthologues of these genes are also involved with endoderm formation is not known. We show that Sox17–/– mutant embryos are deficient of gut endoderm. The earliest recognisable defect is the reduced occupancy by the definitive endoderm in the posterior and lateral region of the prospective mid- and hindgut of the headfold-stage embryo. The prospective foregut develops properly until the late neural plate stage. Thereafter, elevated levels of apoptosis lead to a reduction in the population of the definitive endoderm in the foregut. In addition, the mid- and hindgut tissues fail to expand. These are accompanied by the replacement of the definitive endoderm in the lateral region of the entire length of the embryonic gut by cells that resemble the visceral endoderm. In the chimeras, although Sox17-null ES cells can contribute unrestrictedly to ectodermal and mesodermal tissues, few of them could colonise the foregut endoderm and they are completely excluded from the mid- and hindgut endoderm. Our findings indicate an important role of Sox17 in endoderm development in the mouse, highlighting the idea that the molecular mechanism for endoderm formation is likely to be conserved among vertebrates.
A rapid method for the determination of total arsenic in biological digests and aqueous extracts by flow injection inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (2007)

The widespread occurrence and toxicity of arsenic has demanded the development of rapid and accurate methods for its analysis. A flow injection method with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) as an arsenic-selective detector was optimized. Flow injection was carried out using a Hewlett–Packard 1100 series liquid chromatograph coupled with an Agilent 7500ce ICPMS. Two different eluents were used, 0.3% HNO3 with 10% methanol (v/v) and 20 mM phosphate buffer with 10% methanol (pH = 5.6), both supplied at 0.15 cm3 min−1. The determined method detection limits were 38 ng dm−3 using the 0.3% nitric acid and 62 ng dm−3 using the 20 mM phosphate buffer as eluent. The accuracy of the method was evaluated using various reference materials with low matrix, such as NIST certified reference water 1643e and in high matrix materials like NIES human urine 18, and extracts of biological reference materials, including BCR 422, DOLT 3, DORM 2, IAEA 407, LUTS 1, and TORT 2. The arsenic values determined by the flow injection ICPMS method were in good agreement with results obtained from total arsenic analysis after microwave assisted digestion.
Effects of supramaximal exercise on the electromyographic signal (2003)

During WAT, mean power frequency spectrum was attenuated with no decline in EMG amplitude, which may be caused by an accumulation of metabolites in the periphery. However, it is also possible that the feedback loop from intramuscular metabolism to the central nervous system is unable, within the 30 second period of the WAT, to affect neural recruitment strategy.