gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Caveolin-1 Promotes Tumor Progression in an Autochthonous Mouse Model of Prostate Cancer: Genetic Ablation of Cav-1 Delays Advanced Prostate Tumor Development in Tramp Mice (2005)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological survey1 Jan 2006Caveolin-1 Promotes Tumor Progression in an Autochthonous Mouse Model of Prostate Cancer: Genetic Ablation of Cav-1 Delays Advanced Prostate Tumor Development in Tramp Mice T.M. Williams, G.S. Hassan, J. Li, A.W. Cohen, F. Medina, P.G. Frank, R.G. Pestell, D. Di Vizio, M. Loda, and M.P. Lisanti T.M. WilliamsT.M. Williams More articles by this author , G.S. HassanG.S. Hassan More articles by this author , J. LiJ. Li More articles by this author , A.W. CohenA.W. Cohen More articles by this author , F. MedinaF. Medina More articles by this author , P.G. FrankP.G. Frank More articles by this author , R.G. PestellR.G. Pestell More articles by this author , D. Di VizioD. Di Vizio More articles by this author , M. LodaM. Loda More articles by this author , and M.P. LisantiM.P. Lisanti More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)00110-2AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Caveolin-1 Promotes Tumor Progression in an Autochthonous Mouse Model of Prostate Cancer: Genetic Ablation of Cav-1 Delays Advanced Prostate Tumor Development in Tramp Mice." The Journal of Urology, 175(1), pp. 388–389 Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York© 2006 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 1January 2006Page: 388-389 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2006 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information T.M. Williams More articles by this author G.S. Hassan More articles by this author J. Li More articles by this author A.W. Cohen More articles by this author F. Medina More articles by this author P.G. Frank More articles by this author R.G. Pestell More articles by this author D. Di Vizio More articles by this author M. Loda More articles by this author M.P. Lisanti More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Bacterial cell division protein FtsZ assembles into protofilament sheets and minirings, structural homologs of tubulin polymers. (1996)

The bacterial cell division protein FtsZ is a homolog of tubulin, but it has not been determined whether FtsZ polymers are structurally related to the microtubule lattice. In the present study, we have obtained high-resolution electron micrographs of two FtsZ polymers that show remarkable similarity to tubulin polymers. The first is a two-dimensional sheet of protofilaments with a lattice very similar to that of the microtubule wall. The second is a miniring, consisting of a single protofilament in a sharply curved, planar conformation. FtsZ minirings are very similar to tubulin rings that are formed upon disassembly of microtubules but are about half the diameter. This suggests that the curved conformation occurs at every FtsZ subunit, but in tubulin rings the conformation occurs at either beta- or alpha-tubulin subunits but not both. We conclude that the functional polymer of FtsZ in bacterial cell division is a long thin sheet of protofilaments. There is sufficient FtsZ in Escherichia coli to form a protofilament that encircles the cell 20 times. The similarity of polymers formed by FtsZ and tubulin implies that the protofilament sheet is an ancient cytoskeletal system, originally functioning in bacterial cell division and later modified to make microtubules.
Identification of medicinally active compounds in prairie plants by HPLC coupled to electron impact-mass spectrometry (2007)

The leaves and rhizomes of Acorus calamus (Sweet Flag) contain an aromatic oil that has been used medicinally since ancient times and is cultivated in presentday Asia for this reason. The leaves and rhizomes are considered to possess antispasmodic, carminative, and antihelmintic properties and are also used for the treatment of epilepsy, mental ailments, chronic diarrhea, dysentery, bronchial catarrh, intermittent fevers, and glandular and abdominal tumors. Additionally, the plant has been utilized for the treatment of kidney and liver troubles, rheumatism, sinusitis, and eczema.
3D Human Pose Estimation in the Wild by Adversarial Learning (2018)

Recently, remarkable advances have been achieved in 3D human pose estimation from monocular images because of the powerful Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs). Despite their success on large-scale datasets collected in the constrained lab environment, it is difficult to obtain the 3D pose annotations for in-the-wild images. Therefore, 3D human pose estimation in the wild is still a challenge. In this paper, we propose an adversarial learning framework, which distills the 3D human pose structures learned from the fully annotated dataset to in-the-wild images with only 2D pose annotations. Instead of defining hard-coded rules to constrain the pose estimation results, we design a novel multi-source discriminator to distinguish the predicted 3D poses from the ground-truth, which helps to enforce the pose estimator to generate anthropometrically valid poses even with images in the wild. We also observe that a carefully designed information source for the discriminator is essential to boost the performance. Thus, we design a geometric descriptor, which computes the pairwise relative locations and distances between body joints, as a new information source for the discriminator. The efficacy of our adversarial learning framework with the new geometric descriptor has been demonstrated through extensive experiments on widely used public benchmarks. Our approach significantly improves the performance compared with previous state-of-the-art approaches.
Safe control of four-quadrant switches (2003)

A radical solution for the commutation problem of four is proposed. The solution concerns four-quadrant switches where separated internal conduction paths exist in the two possible directions of the load current. It is shown that the switching of these conduction paths must not be simultaneous but has to take place in the well-defined four-stepped switching order. The actual switching policy depends on the direction of the commutated current. The description deals mainly with the switching policy for two four-quadrant switches. Some hints for the extension of the switching policy for general polyphase matrix converter schemes are also given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Menu engineering with electronic spreadsheets. (1993)

Low levels of 25(OH)D do not unfavorably alter bone turnover. It seems that serum 25(OH)D level may not be an adequate predictor of bone turnover in children.
[Monitoring by measurement of gastrointestinal mucosal pH value (pHi)]. (1993)

Noninvasive measurement of mucosal pH by tonometry provides information on the adequacy of gastrointestinal mucosal oxygenation. The technique requires tonometer catheters (commercially available from Tonometrics) and a standard blood gas analyzer. After positioning of the catheter in the stomach or gut for at least 30 min, fluid is withdrawn from the prefilled balloon mounted on the catheter tip for pHi measurements. The pCO2 in the withdrawn fluid and bicarbonate concentration in the arterial blood are determined and pHi is calculated according to the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. The tonometer technique has been validated in experimental studies and pHi has been shown to be a useful parameter to estimate adequacy of oxygenation of the mucosa surrounding the tonometer balloon. In surgical patients, pHi was found to be of high predictive value concerning incidence of complications; return of pHi towards higher values was found to be associated with a higher survival rate. In intensive care units, pHi-guided resuscitation proved to be superior to conventional therapy. Tonometric measurement of pHi is a useful parameter to monitor mucosal oxygenation and to provide information on the probability of complications and patient outcome. Further studies are needed in well-stratified patient groups with a present lower limit of pHi, triggering defined therapeutic interventions to improve mucosal oxygenation.
Electrically pumped circular-grating surface-emitting DBR laser on InGaAs strained single-quantum-well structure (1992)

The authors demonstrate the fabrication and room temperature operation of an electrically pumped circular-grating surface-emitting distributed-Bragg-reflector laser. An InGaAs/GaAs single quantum well (SQW) graded-index separate confinement heterostructure (GRINSCH) structure was grown by one-step molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Circular gratings were defined by focused ion beam lithography. The lasing wavelength was 942 nm, and the threshold current was 280 mA. This is the first demonstration of these lasers with no epitaxial regrowth.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Block and activation of the pace‐maker channel in calf Purkinje fibres: effects of potassium, caesium and rubidium (1982)

1. The effects of low concentrations of Cs(+) (0.01-3mM) on the fully activated I-V relation ī(f)(E) for the pace-maker current in calf Purkinje fibres have been investigated. The action of Cs(+) is two-fold: in the negative region of the I-V curve Cs(+) induces a channel blockade; on the other hand, at more positive potentials Cs(+) can produce the opposite effect, i.e. a current increase.2. Cs(+)-induced blockade is concentration- and voltage-dependent, as observed on other cation channels. Data in the far negative voltage range (about - 150 to - 50 mV) can be fitted by a simple block model (Woodhull, 1973), which gives a mean value of 0.71 for the fraction of membrane thickness (delta) crossed by Cs(+) ions before reaching the blocking site. The value of delta does not appear to be affected by either external Na or external K concentrations. Values for the dissociation constant of the blocking reaction at E = 0 mV (k(0)) are found in the range 0.5-3.7 mM. In the positive region of the ī(f)(E) relation the current depression caused by channel blockade vanishes. Unexpectedly, in this range the current can be observed to increase with Cs(+), and ī(f)(E) curves in different Cs(+) concentrations show cross-over.3. Changing external K(+) also produces similar cross-over phenomena. Investigation of this effect reveals that the increase in slope of the I-V curve on raising the external K(+) concentration follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and can be interpteted in terms of K(+)-induced channel activation. It is found that 44+/-6 mM-K(+) half-saturates the channel activating reaction.4. The Cs(+)-induced current increase is large in low-K(+) solutions and vanishes in high-K(+) solutions, suggesting a competition between Cs(+) and K(+) ions in their activating action. Increasing Na(+) also limits the Cs(+)-induced current increase.5. Rb(+) also blocks the i(f) channel, though less efficiently than Cs(+). The block caused by Rb(+) is, unlike that of Cs(+), nearly voltage-independent, and is explained by assuming that the blocking reaction occurs near the external mouth of the channel (mean value of delta is 0.05). The zero-voltage dissociation constant (k(0)) of the Rb(+)-blocking reaction ranges between 1.4 and 5.4 mM, and is lower in low-Na(+), high-K(+) solutions.6. A possible characterization of the i(f) channel which explains these results includes an inner ;blocking' site, to which external Cs(+) ions bind, blocking the channel, and a more external ;activatory' site, to which K(+), Cs(+), Rb(+) and possibly Na(+) ions bind. Binding of K(+) to this site induces a current increase either by modulating the channel, or actually by opening the channel itself. A similar mechanism can apply to Cs(+) and to Rb(+) binding.
Aberrant lysosomal carbohydrate storage accompanies endocytic defects and neurodegeneration in<i>Drosophila benchwarmer</i> (2005)

Lysosomal storage is the most common cause of neurodegenerative brain disease in preadulthood. However, the underlying cellular mechanisms that lead to neuronal dysfunction are unknown. Here, we report that loss of Drosophila benchwarmer (bnch), a predicted lysosomal sugar carrier, leads to carbohydrate storage in yolk spheres during oogenesis and results in widespread accumulation of enlarged lysosomal and late endosomal inclusions. At the bnch larval neuromuscular junction, we observe similar inclusions and find defects in synaptic vesicle recycling at the level of endocytosis. In addition, loss of bnch slows endosome-to-lysosome trafficking in larval garland cells. In adult bnch flies, we observe age-dependent synaptic dysfunction and neuronal degeneration. Finally, we find that loss of bnch strongly enhances tau neurotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. We hypothesize that, in bnch, defective lysosomal carbohydrate efflux leads to endocytic defects with functional consequences in synaptic strength, neuronal viability, and tau neurotoxicity.
The mechanical testing of a sliding meniscus knee prosthesis. (1979)

A 3-component sliding meniscus knee prosthesis was tested mechanically to evaluate the direct loads and the anteroposterior and mediolateral bending moments on the prosthetic components during the loading phase on a pendulum prosthesis testing machine. The bending moments changed with variation of the component positions. Tilting the tibial plateau produced the greatest change in lateral bending moment on the femoral component but alteration in plateau rotation or femoral tilting produced little change in the low values of the 2 bending moments. It is necessary to ensure that the tibial component is positioned horizontally on the tibial plateau, but it is not necessary to be concerned about the angle of the femoral component to the vertical or the misalignment rotationally of the tibial component. The load ideally passes through the condylar component to the tibia much more centrally than if it were a constrained prosthesis system during the loading range, reducing the likelihood of displacement of the 2 fixed components.
Use of Calculated Physicochemical Properties to Enhance Quantitative Response When Using Charged Aerosol Detection (2016)

Universal quantitative detection without the need for analyte reference standards would offer substantial benefits in many areas of analytical science. The quantitative capability of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with charged aerosol detection (CAD) was investigated for 50 compounds with a wide range of physical and chemical properties. It is widely believed that CAD is a mass detector. Quantification of the 50 compounds using a generic calibrant and mass calibration achieved an average error of 11.4% relative to 1H NMR. Correction factors are proposed that estimate the relative surface area of particles in the detector, taking into account the effects of the density and charge of analytes. Performing these corrections and quantifying with surface area calibration, rather than mass, shows considerably improved linearity and uniformity of detection, reducing the average error relative to 1H NMR to 7.1%. The accuracy of CAD quantification was most significantly improved for highly dense compounds, with traditional mass calibration showing an average error of 34.7% and the newly proposed surface area calibration showing an average error of 5.8%.
Individual Differences in Radiosensitivity of Mice Correlated with their Metabolic Rate (1971)

(1971). Individual Differences in Radiosensitivity of Mice Correlated with their Metabolic Rate. Acta Radiologica: Therapy, Physics, Biology: Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 427-432.
Properties and characterization of ALD grown dielectric oxides for MIS structures (2011)

We report on an extensive structural and electrical characterization of under-gate dielectric oxide insulators Al2O3 and HfO2 grown by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). We elaborate the ALD growth window for these oxides, finding that the 40-100 nm thick layers of both oxides exhibit fine surface flatness and required amorphous structure. These layers constitute a base for further metallic gate evaporation to complete the Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor structure. Our best devices survive energizing up to ~3 MV/cm at 77 K with the leakage current staying below the state-of-the-art level of 1 nA. At these conditions the displaced charge corresponds to a change of the sheet carrier density of 3 \times 1013 cm-2, what promises an effective modulation of the micromagnetic properties in diluted ferromagnetic semiconductors.
The Door That Leads Into Madness: Eastern European Poets and Mental Illness (2005)

The image of the poet as a doomed, lonely, depressedfigure is a persistent archetype in our culture. Poetsthemselvesmaynotappreciatesuchassociations—for-mer U. S. Poet Laureate Billy Collins, for example, ar-gues “the assumed association of poets with mentaldisorders and depression is a romantic holdover”(quoted in Levin, 2003), and writer CarolMuske-Dukes has said, “The way poets write has noth-ing to do with their health” (quoted in Murillo, 2004).Yet a multitude of research studies have demonstratedsome type of association between mental illness andcreativity, even if there is still much debate over the ex-tent and nature of this relationship (e.g., Jamison,1993; Rothenberg, 1990; Waddell, 1998).Some studies have further specified a link betweencreative writing and mental illness. Andreasen (1987)explored this relationship by comparing writers with acontrol group and found that not only were writersmore likely to suffer from affective disorders (specifi-cally bipolar disorder) but so were the writers’first-de-gree relatives. Ludwig (1994) studied 59 female writ-ers and 59 matched controls. He found that the writerswere more likely to have mental illness, includingmood disorders and general anxieties.Ludwig (1995) also conducted a separatelarge-scale investigation of over 1,000 eminent indi-viduals who were the subjects of major biographieswritten between 1960 and 1990. He found a higher in-cidence of mental illness among those in artistic pro-fessions (e.g., writing, art, and theater) than innonartisticprofessions(e.g.,business,politics,andsci-ence). Jamison (1989) studied British artists and writ-ers and found that a significantly higher percentage ofthem suffered from some form of mental illness thanwould be expected from the rates found in the generalpopulation, with affective disorders again especiallyprevalent. Post (1994, 1996) studied and diagnosedeminent men and found higher rates of personality dis-orders and depression (1994) and mental pathology(1996) in writers.Other research has focused on what
Energetics of Amino Acid Uptake by <i>Vicia faba</i> Leaf Tissues (1983)

The uptake of [U-(14)C]threonine and of (alpha-(14)C]aminoisobutyrate (alpha-AIB) by Vicia faba leaf discs is strongly pH dependent (optimum: pH 4.0) and exhibits biphasic saturation kinetics. Kinetics of alpha-AIB uptake at different pH values indicate that acidic pH values decrease the K(m) of the carriers while the maximal velocity remains nearly unaffected. Similar results were obtained for both system 1 (from 0.5 to 5 millimolar) and system 2 (from 20 to 100 millimolar).After addition of amino acids to a medium containing leaf fragments, alkalinizations depending both on the amino acid added and on its concentration have been recorded.The effects of compounds which increase (fusicoccin) or decrease (uncouplers, ATPase inhibitors, high KCl concentrations) the protonmotive force were studied both on the acidification of the medium and on amino acid uptake by the tissues. There is a close relationship between the time required for the effect of these compounds on the acidification and that needed for inhibition of uptake.Studies with thiol inhibitors show that 0.1 millimolar N-ethylmaleimide preferentially inhibits uptake by the mesophyll whereas 0.1 millimolar parachloromercuribenzenesulfonate affects rather uptake by the veins.New evidence was found which added to the electrophysiological data already supporting the occurrence of proton amino acid symport in leaf tissues, particularly in the veins.
Purification and characterization of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase isoenzymes from Datura innoxia. (1994)

Three isoenzyme forms (designated A, B, and C) of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase were purified from Datura innoxia suspension cultures. Isoenzyme A is the most abundant form, comprising 45-60% of the total activity. Isoenzymes C and B comprise 35-40% and 10-20% of the activity, respectively. The specific activities of the purified isoenzymes are similar (870-893 mumol of cysteine/min/mg of protein). Molecular masses for isoenzymes A, B, and C, estimated by analytical size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography, are 63, 86, and 63 kDa, respectively. Isoenzymes A and B are homodimers; isoenzyme C is a heterodimer. Spectral analysis indicates that these isoenzymes possess a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate cofactor that binds the O-acetylserine substrate. Binding is reversible by addition of the sulfide substrate. The O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase isoenzymes are active over a broad temperature range, with maximum activity between 42 and 58 degrees C. They are active only between pH 7 and 8, with optimal activity at pH 7.6. Kinetic analysis indicates these enzymes are allosterically regulated and exhibit positive cooperativity with respect to both substrates. They are inhibited by sulfide concentrations above 200 microM. The kinetic analysis together with the physical and spectrophotometric characteristics indicate that the O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase enzymes have two active sites.
Algorithms for defining visual regions-of-interest: comparison with eye fixations (2000)

Many machine vision applications, such as compression, pictorial database querying, and image understanding, often need to analyze in detail only a representative subset of the image, which may be arranged into sequences of loci called regions-of-interest (ROIs). We have investigated and developed a methodology that serves to automatically identify such a subset of aROIs (algorithmically detected ROIs) using different image processing algorithms (IPAs), and appropriate clustering procedures. In human perception, an internal representation directs top-down, context-dependent sequences of eye movements to fixate on similar sequences of hROIs (human identified ROIs). In the paper, we introduce our methodology and we compare aROIs with hROIs as a criterion for evaluating and selecting bottom-up, context-free algorithms. An application is finally discussed.