gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnetophoresis: I. detection of magnetically labeled cells (1994)

A new method for the detection of magnetically labeled cells in suspension using an optical microscope is presented. The movement of individual cells in a nonuniform magnetic field (magnetophoresis) can be studied and the direction and velocity of their movement can be determined. Cell-associated magnetic particles (e.g., attached magnetic immunomicrospheres) influence these parameters. We developed a magnetophoresis chamber for measuring the movement of single cells in a high-gradient magnetic field. Paramagnetic erythrocytes were used to monitor the level of magnetic force in the chamber. Bw6 antigen-positive REH cells were used as a biological model. Magnetic microspheres coupled with anti-Bw6 antibody were used as magnetic labels. The movement of magnetically labeled REH cells was investigated versus the intensity of magnetic field. The magnetization of microspheres was experimentally determined by the Faraday balance method. Experimental and theoretical results substantiate the feasibility of detecting a single cell associated with a single magnetic microsphere. Thus, magnetophoresis provides a sensitive biometrical system for magnetically labeled entities.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Requirements for Monoterpenoid Activity Against Insects (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Chronic ischemic stroke model in cynomolgus monkeys: Behavioral, neuroimaging and anatomical study (2003)

Previous nonhuman primate stroke models have employed temporary occlusion of arteries, had limited behavioral testing and imaging, and focused on the short-term outcome. Our goals were 1. to develop a stable model of chronic stroke in the nonhuman primate, 2. to study in vivo the long-term biochemical changes in the area adjacent to the infarct, using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H MRS), and 3. evaluate these changes in relation to the histopathological effects of stroke. Four adult cynomologous monkeys had an occlusion of the M1 segment of the right MCA. Behavioral tests included a clinical rating scale, motor planning task, fine motor task, and activity monitoring. Eight months afterwards, MRI and 1H MRS were performed. Following the imaging studies the monkeys were perfused transcardially, their brains extracted and processed. Nissl staining and immunohistochemistry for neuronal markers (NeuN) were performed and used to measure the lesion volume and neuronal optical density (OD). All animals developed a left hemiparesis and were unable to perform a fine motor task with the left hand. There was a significant (31%) decline in the motor planning ability with the nonparetic extremity. Monkeys displayed a stooped posture, episodes of rotation to the side of the lesion, partial left hemianopsia, and transient changes in activity. The clinical signs improved over the first 6-8 weeks but the deficits remained stable for the remaining six months of follow up. MRI demonstrated a subcortical and cortical infarction in the right MCA distribution. 1H MRS data detected a significant decrease in the N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) ratio in the area adjacent to the infarction (VOl-St) compared to a mirror area in the contralateral hemisphere (VOl-Co). Histopathological measurements revealed a significant decline in neuronal cross-sectional area and neuronal optical density in the region of the VOl-St. We established a stable and reproducible model of chronic stroke in the MCA distribution, in the macaque monkey. Our data indicate that NAA detected by 1H MRS can be used to measure neuronal loss in vivo and help target this area for intervention. Our model may be particularly suitable for studies testing the effects of therapeutic strategies involving neural or stem cell transplantation, trophic factors or gene therapy.
HYPERHYDRATION: THERMAL AND CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS DURING UNCOMPENSABLE EXERCISE-HEAT STRESS 760 (1997)

This study examined the efficacy of glycerol and water hyperhydration during uncompensable exercise-heat stress. The approach was to determine if 1-h pre-exercise hyperhydration (29.1 ml·kg LBM-1 with or without glycerol 1.2 g·kg LBM-1) provided a physiologic advantage over euhydration. During uncompensable heat stress the evaporative heat loss required (Ereq = 366 W·m-2) to maintain steady-state core temperature was greater than the maximal capacity(Emax = 88 W·m-2; Ereq/Emax = 416%) of the climate for evaporative heat loss and core temperature continued to rise until exhaustion from the heat strain occurred. Eight heat-acclimated men completed 3 trials (control-euhydration before exercise, glycerol hyperhydration and water hyperhydration). During exercise (≈55% ˙VO2 max) in the heat there was no difference (P>0.05) between glycerol or water hyperhydration method for increasing total body water. Endurance time was greater (P<0.05) for glycerol hyperhydration (33.8±3.0 min) than control (29.5 ±3.5 min), but not different (P>0.05) than water hyperhydration (31.3 ±3.1 min). Hyperhydration did not alter(P>0.05) core temperature, whole body sweating rate, cardiac output, blood pressure, total peripheral resistance or core temperature tolerance. In addition, it was observed that glycerol ingestion resulted in nausea and headaches on several occasions. It is concluded that hyperhydration provides no meaningful physiologic advantage over euhydration during uncompensable exercise-heat stress.
Inherent Variability of CT Lung Nodule Measurements In Vivo Using Semiautomated Volumetric Measurements (2006)

OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to evaluate repeatability and reproducibility of lung nodule volume measurements using volumetric nodule-sizing software.
Electromagnetic field exposure induces rapid, transitory heat shock factor activation in human cells (1997)

Stimulation of human promyelocytic HL60 cells by a 60Hz magnetic field at normal growth temperatures results in heat shock factor 1 activation and heat shock element binding, a sequence of events that mediates the stress-induced transcription of the stress gene HSP70 and increased synthesis of the stress response protein hsp70kD. Thus, the events mediating the electromagnetic field-stimulated stress response appear to be similar to those reported for other physiological stresses (e.g., hyperthermia, heavy metals, oxidative stress) and could well be the general mechanism of interaction of electromagnetic fields with cells.
Removal torques for polished and rough titanium implants. (1988)

Early bone response to cylindrical smooth titanium implants (Sa=0.1 μm) inserted into the rabbit tibia was compared in a stable and nonstable regime. Surface roughness parameters were calculated from measurements obtained with optical interferometry and atomic force microscopy. Contrary to our hypothesis, the nonstable implant showed higher bone to metal contact and increased bone area in the endosteal region compared with the stable implant after 4 weeks of healing. Bone area measurements in the cortical region revealed similar values. Primitive woven bone was found in close contact with both implants, but significantly more with the nonstable implant. Finding more bone-to-implant contact (BIC) need not necessarily indicate that unstable implants were more strongly integrated. Primitive bone stage development observed indicates less strong implant anchorage than could be expected from BIC percentage alone. Stable implant design used in this study is a reliable model to evaluate submicron and nanostructures in vivo, as implant stability was achieved in the absence of microirregularaties. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 18, 2007; 326–
THE INHIBITION OF INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE IN OVINE SEPSIS MODEL (2006)

Excessive NO has been shown to play a major role in the pathogenesis of multiple organ dysfunctions in septic condition. Burn injury, especially if it is associated with smoke inhalation, is often complicated by subsequent development of pneumonia or sepsis that determine the outcome. In the present study, we developed an ovine sepsis model, created by exposing sheep to smoke inhalation followed by instillation of bacteria into the airway, that closely mimics human sepsis and pneumonia. We hypothesized that the inhibition of iNOS-derived excessive NO might be beneficial in treating the cardiopulmonary derangement in this model. Female sheep (n = 18) were surgically prepared for the study and given a tracheostomy. This was followed by insufflation of 48 breaths of cotton smoke (< 40 degrees C) into the airway of each animal and subsequent instillation of live Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5 x 10(11) colony forming units) into each sheep's lung. All sheep were mechanically ventilated using 100% O2. Continuous infusion of BBS-2 (100 microg/kg/h), an iNOS inhibitor, was started 1 h after insult. The administration of BBS-2 improved pulmonary gas exchange (PaO2/FiO2 and pulmonary shunt fraction) and partially reduced airway obstruction and an increase in ventilatory pressures. The lung water content was not affected by iNOS inhibition. The hypotension seen in nontreated animals was not ameliorated either. The increase in plasma concentration of nitrate and nitrite was inhibited by BBS-2. The results of present study show that iNOS may be partially involved in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury induced by smoke inhalation followed by bacterial instillation in the airway.
Electrocatalytic Reduction and Determination of Dissolved Oxygen at a Preanodized Screen‐Printed Carbon Electrode Modified with Palladium Nanoparticles (2005)

Abstract Efficient and stable electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of O 2 at activated screen‐printed carbon electrodes modified with palladium nanoparticles (SPE*‐Pd) was demonstrated in this study. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the formation of >CO functional group on electrode surface during the preanodization procedure at 2.0 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The existence of chloride moieties was also identified possibly from the organic binder of carbon ink used in SPE fabrication. Both >CO and chloride functional groups were essential for the excellent stability of the SPE*‐Pd. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy verified the enhanced kinetic rate of oxygen reduction reaction at the as‐prepared Pd nanoparticles. The SPE*‐Pd showed ca. 250 mV positive shift in peak potential together with twice increase in peak current compared to those observed at a SPE‐Pt. The calibration plot was linear up to 8 ppm of DO with sensitivity and regression coefficient of 4.49 μA/ppm and 0.9936, respectively. The variation coefficient of i pc for 7 DO determinations with O 2 ‐saturated pH 7.4 PBS was 2.1%. Real sample assays for ground and tap waters gave consistent values to those measured by a commercial dissolved oxygen meter.
The rolB Gene of Agrobacterium rhizogenes Does Not Increase the Auxin Sensitivity of Tobacco Protoplasts by Modifying the Intracellular Auxin Concentration (1994)

Phenotypical alterations observed in rolB-transformed plants have been proposed to result from a rise in intracellular free auxin due to a RolB-catalyzed hydrolysis of auxin conjugates(J.J. Estruch, J. Schell, A. Spena [1991] EMBO J 10: 3125-3128).We have investigated this hypothesis in detail using tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) mesophyll protoplasts isolated from plants transformed with the rolB gene under the control of its own promoter (BBGUS 6 clone) or the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (CaMVBT 3 clone). Protoplasts expressing rolB showed an increased sensitivity to the auxin-induced hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane when triggered with exogenous auxin. Because this phenotypical trait was homogeneously displayed over the entire population, protoplasts were judged to be a more reliable test system than the tissue fragments used in previous studies to monitor rolB gene effects on cellular auxin levels. Accumulation of free 1-[3H]-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was equivalent in CaMVBT 3, BBGUS 6, and wild-type protoplasts, Naphthyl-[beta]-glucose ester, the major NAA metabolite in protoplasts, reached similar levels in CaMVBT 3 protoplasts, reached similar levels in CaMVBT 3 and normal protoplasts and was hydrolyzed at the same rate in BBGUS 6 and normal protoplasts. Furthermore, NAA accumulation and metabolism in BBGUS 6 protoplasts were independent of the rolB gene expression level. Essentially similar results were obtained with indoleacetic acid. Thus, it was concluded that the rolB-dependent behavior of transgenic tobacco protoplasts is not a consequence of modifying the intracellular auxin concentration but likely results from changes in the auxin perception pathway.
Study of Electrodeposited Nickel‐Molybdenum, Nickel‐Tungsten, Cobalt‐Molybdenum, and Cobalt‐Tungsten as Hydrogen Electrodes in Alkaline Water Electrolysis (1994)

Electrodeposited nickel‐molybdenum, nickel‐tungsten, cobalt‐molybdenum, and cobalt‐tungsten were characterized for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in the electrolysis of 30 w/o KOH alkaline water at 25°C. The rate‐determining step (rds) of the HER was suggested based on the Tafel slope of polarization and the capacitance of electrode‐solution interface determined by ac impedance measurement. The HER on the nickel‐ and cobalt‐based codeposits was enhanced significantly compared with that on the electrolytic nickel and cobalt with comparable deposit loadings. The decrease in the HER overpotential was more pronounced on the molybdenum‐containing codeposits, particularly on cobalt‐molybdenum which also showed a high stability. The enhancement of the HER was attributed to both the synergetic composition and the increased active surface of the codeposits. The real electrocatalytic activity of the electrodes and the effect of their surface increase were distinguished quantitatively. The linear relations between HER overpotential and surface roughness factor of the electrodes on a Y‐log(X) plot were obtained experimentally and interpreted based on the Tafel law.
Visual Loss From Cavernous Hemangiomas of the Middle Cranial Fossa (1982)

We studied a case of cavernous hemangioma of the middle cranial fossa. This rare tumor, of which only nine prior cases have been recorded, is characterized by insidious visual loss, multiple cranial nerve pareses, proptosis, papilledema, and bitemporal hemianopsia. Pituitary dysfunction has been noted in the more advanced cases. The female-male ratio has been 8:2; ages ranged from 30 to 62 years. The hemangiomas may occur on either side. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography can clearly demonstrate the presence of these lesions, but is not diagnostically specific. High-quality angiograms using magnification and subtraction techniques may show areas of dye retention in the cavernous spaces of the lesion. This tumor is amenable to successful excision, and early removal may prevent progressive visual loss.
A Design Method to Prevent Low Pressure Turbine Blade Flutter (1999)

A design approach to avoid flutter of low pressure turbine blades in aircraft engines is described. A linearized Euler analysis, previously validated using experimental data, is used for a series of parameter studies. The influence of mode shape and reduced frequency are investigated. Mode shape is identified as the most important contributor to determining the stability of a blade design. A new stability parameter is introduced to gain additional insight into the key contributors to flutter. This stability parameter is derived from the influence coefficient representation of the cascade, and includes only contributions from the reference blade and its immediate neighbors. This has the effect of retaining the most important contributions to aerodynamic damping while filtering out terms of less significance. This parameter is utilized to develop a stability map, which provides the critical reduced frequency as a function of torsion axis location. Rules for preliminary design and procedures for detailed design analysis are defined. [S0742-4795(00)01401-0]
Anion Distributions in Sodium Silicate Solutions. Characterization by<sup>29</sup>SI NMR and Infrared Spectroscopies, and Vapor Phase Osmometry (1997)

Soluble silicates are complex mixtures of silicate anions. The larger anions are two- or three-dimensional condensation products of silicate monomer, SiO4-4. In more siliceous silicate solutions, i.e., SiO2:Na2O ratio >2.0, some of the silicate condenses to polymeric (colloidal) silica. Negative charges on the anions are balanced by protons or by cations, typically alkali metal or quaternary alkylammonium cations. The distribution of these anions varies with the concentration of dissolved silicate solids, the relative molar concentrations of cations and silica, and to a lesser extent, trace impurities. 29Silicon NMR spectroscopy of silicate solutions has been a powerful method for studying the connectivity of silicon and oxygen atoms in silicate solutions. In this paper we will show how variations in silicate band shape and peak location in the mid-infrared spectrum from 700 to 1300 cm-1 depend on concentration and silica:alkali ratio. We will interpret the infrared data in consonance with NMR results. We will also relate these variations in anion distribution to the average molecular weight of silicate solutions.
As-deposited superconducting Y-Ba-Cu-O thin films on Si, Al2O3, and SrTiO3 substrates (1988)

We have developed an electron beam evaporator designed to deal with the special requirements of thin films of oxide superconductors. The growing surface is sprayed with plasma-excited oxygen while the sources and rate monitors operate in a low background pressure. This allows us to reproducibly grow films of Y-Ba-Cu-O on Si, Al2O3, and SrTiO3 substrates at a substrate temperature of 540 °C which are superconducting without the need for annealing. The resistive transitions of most films show an onset of 90 K and zero resistance by 68 K. X-ray diffraction indicates a preferred orientation for growth on most Si and SrTiO3 substrates. A preliminary measurement yields critical currents of at least 104 A/cm2 at 4.2 K for a film on silicon.
《哈利·波特2》魔法世界眩目大公开 (2002)

如果说今年6月31号世界杯开幕式是全世界球迷的节日的话,那么近半年之后的11月15日就可以说是全球影迷外加哈利·波特迷的节日,这一天,“哈利·波特”第2集《哈利·波特与密室》将在全球几十个国家同步上映。尽管剧组做足了保密功夫,但是热情而无孔不入的波特述们却想尽一切办法去打听有关这部影片的最新拍摄情况,为此“啥利·波特”的官方网站先后推出了两支预告片以解影迷相思之苦,而本刊也会全程跟进“哈利·波特”的拍摄情况,并为大家做第一时间的全面报道。有人说《哈利·波特》已经超出了儿童小说或电影的范畴,也有学术界人士认为《哈利·波特》具有很深的社会学含义。不管如何,《哈利·波特》引人入胜的情节、千变万化的魔法、个性鲜明的人物以及充满想像力的各种场景,都将读者与影迷带到了一个与以前任何观看体验都不相同的全新的神话世界,而哈里·波特这位命中注定不平凡的小男孩也必定将成为继米老鼠、唐老鸭或超人,蝙蝠侠之后的又一位全民偶像。
The role of NF‐κB in lymphoid malignancies (2008)

Nuclear Factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) transcription factors are central regulators of lymphocyte proliferation, survival and development. Although normally subject to tight control, constitutive activation of NF-kappaB promotes inappropriate lymphocyte survival and proliferation, and is recognised as key pathological feature in various lymphoid malignancies. Inhibition of NF-kappaB may be an attractive therapeutic approach in these diseases. This review focuses on the mechanisms and functional consequences of NF-kappaB activation in lymphoid malignancies and potential therapeutic strategies for inhibition of NF-kappaB.
Optimum timing of blood tests for monitoring patients with Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. (2010)

White cell count in the first 3 days is the strongest serum predictor of mortality and should be routinely monitored. A WCC of 20 x 10(9)/L or greater may be the best cutoff value to objectively identify cases at higher risk of death.
Effect of calcium promoter on nano structure iron catalyst for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (2015)

<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) has been recognized as a heterogeneous surface-catalyzed polymerization process. During this process, CH</span><sub><span style="font-size: medium;">x</span></sub><span style="font-size: medium;"> monomers formed via the hydrogenation of adsorbed CO on transition metals produce hydrocarbons and oxygenates with a broad range of chain lengths and functional groups. A series of Fe/Cu Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts incorporated with a calcium promoter were prepared by a microemulsion method. The composition of the final nanosized iron catalysts in terms of the atomic ratio is as follows: 100Fe/4Cu, 100Fe/4Cu/2Ca, 100Fe/4Cu/4Ca. XRD, BET, TEM, and TPR techniques were used to study the catalysts phase, structure, and morphology. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) reaction test was performed in a fixed bed reactor. All the promoted catalysts, compared to the unpromoted catalysts, have higher rates of FT and the secondary reaction for CO</span><sub><span style="font-size: medium;">2</span></sub><span style="font-size: medium;"> production. The formation of methane and light hydrocarbons is restrained with increasing the amount of calcium. The 100Fe/4Cu/2Ca shows the best performance between the prepared catalysts.</span></span>
NFS version 4 Protocol (2000)

NFS (Network File System) version 4 is a distributed file system protocol which owes heritage to NFS protocol versions 2 [RFC1094] and 3 [RFC1813]. Unlike earlier versions, the NFS version 4 protocol supports traditional file access while integrating support for file locking and the mount protocol. In addition, support for strong security (and its negotiation), compound operations, client caching, and internationalization have been added. Of course, attention has been applied to making NFS version 4 operate well in an Internet environment. Key Words The key words &quot;MUST&quot;, &quot;MUST NOT&quot;, &quot;REQUIRED&quot;, &quot;SHALL&quot;, &quot;SHALL NOT&quot;, &quot;SHOULD&quot;, &quot;SHOULD NOT&quot;, &quot;RECOMMENDED&quot;, &quot;MAY&quot;, and &quot;OPTIONAL&quot; in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. Table of Contents 1.
Activation of Extracellular Signal‐Regulated Kinase (ERK) and Akt by Human Serotonin 5‐HT<sub>1B</sub> Receptors in Transfected BE(2)‐C Neuroblastoma Cells Is Inhibited by RGS4 (2000)

Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins are GTPase-activating proteins for heterotrimeric G proteins. One of the best-studied RGS proteins, RGS4, accelerates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by all G(i) and G(q) alpha subunits yet has been shown to exhibit receptor selectivity. Although RGS4 is expressed primarily in brain, its effect on modulating the activity of serotonergic receptors has not yet been reported. In the present study, transfected BE(2)-C human neuroblastoma cells expressing human 5-HT(1B) receptors were used to demonstrate that RGS4 can inhibit the coupling of 5-HT(1B) receptors to cellular signals. Serotonin and sumatriptan were found to stimulate activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase. This activation was attenuated, but not completely inhibited, by RGS4. Similar inhibition by RGS4 of the protein kinase Akt was also observed. As RGS4 is expressed at high levels in brain, these results suggest that it may play a role in regulating serotonergic pathways.