gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential responsiveness to constitutive vs. inducible chemokines of immature and mature mouse dendritic cells (1999)

Upon exposure to immune or inflammatory stimuli, dendritic cells (DC) migrate from peripheral tissues to lymphoid organs, where they present antigen. The molecular basis for the peculiar trafficking properties of DC is largely unknown. In this study, mouse DC were generated from CD34+ bone marrow precursors and cultured with granulocyte-macrophage-CSF and Flt3 ligand for 9 days. Chemokines active on immature DC include MIP1alpha, RANTES, MIP1beta, MCP-1, MCP-3, and the constitutively expressed SDF1, MDC, and ELC. TNF-alpha-induced DC maturation caused reduction of migration to inducible chemokines (MIP1alpha, RANTES, MIP1beta, MCP-1, and MCP-3) and increased migration to SDF1, MDC, and ELC. Similar results were obtained by CD40 ligation or culture in the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. TNF-alpha down-regulated CC chemokine receptor (CCR)1, CCR2, and CCR5 and up-regulated CCR7 mRNA levels, in agreement with functional data. This study shows that selective responsiveness of mature and immature DC to inducible vs. constitutively produced chemokines can contribute to the regulated trafficking of DC.
A robust, 1.8 V 250 μW direct-contact 500 dpi fingerprint sensor (2002)

This high-resolution, low-power direct-contact capacitive sensor using standard CMOS front-end processing exhibits high sensitivity while maintaining an effective barrier to chemical, physical and electrostatic intrusion. The sensor uses direct finger contact with the surface of the sensor IC to capture a capacitive fingerprint image. The sensor consists of a 2-D array of metal plates capped with a thin dielectric layer. Unlike previous designs, each sensing site uses one metal sensor plate. Each functions as capacitor bottom plate, with the finger surface acting as the grounded top plate. Distance between the finger and the sensor and hence the measured capacitance varies with the pattern of ridges and valleys in the fingerprint. The capacitance is "measured" as the change in voltage that results when a fixed charge is removed from each sensing plate.
Ocular dominance in layer IV of the cat's visual cortex and the effects of monocular deprivation. (1978)

1. The relation between the physiological pattern of ocular dominance and the anatomical distribution of geniculocortical afferents serving each eye was studied in layer IV of the primary visual cortex of normal and monocularly deprived cats. 2. One eye was injected with radioactive label. After allowing sufficient time for transeuronal transport, micro-electrode recordings were made, and the geniculocoritcal afferents serving the injected eye were located autoradiographically. 3. In layer IV of normal cats, cell were clustered according to eye preference, and fewer cells were binocularly driven than in other layers. Points of transition between groups of cells dominated by one eye and those dominated by the other were marked with electrolytic lesions. A good correspondence was found between the location of cells dominated by the injected eye and the patches of radioactively labelled geniculocortical afferents. 4. Following prolonged early monocular deprivation, the patches of geniculocortical afferents in layer IV serving the deprived eye were smaller, and those serving the non-deprived eye larger, than normal. Again there was a coincidence between the patches of radioactively labelled afferents and the location of cells dominated by the injected eye. 5. The deprived eye was found to dominate a substantial fraction (22%) of cortical cells in the fourth layer. In other cortical layers, only 7% of the cells were dominated by the deprived eye. 6. These findings suggest that the thalamocortical projection is physically rearranged as a consequence of monocular deprivation, as has been demonstrated for layer IVc of the monkey's visual cortex (Hubel, Wiesel & Le Vay, 1977).
Effect of DNA Extraction Method on the Apparent Microbial Diversity of Soil (2010)

Four extraction methods, including a novel one, were compared for their efficiencies in producing DNA from three contrasting agricultural soils. Molecular analyses (PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis [DGGE] and clone libraries) focusing on different microbial groups were used as assessment criteria. Per soil, the DNA yields differed between extraction methods. Clear effects of method on apparent richness and community structure were found. Actinobacterial diversity based on soil DNA produced by two divergent methods revealed that a hitherto-undescribed group was obtained by the novel method.
Knowledge of and attitude towards circumcision of adult Korean males by age (2004)

Aim : Circumcision is widely practised in Korea, but little is known regarding the public's attitude towards circumcision. This study was designed to evaluate the knowledge and the general opinion of Korean adult males towards circumcision. Methods : Fifteen hundred self‐completion questionnaires were distributed to adult males in five decadal age groups ranging from 10 to 59 y old. Questions concerning opinions regarding the necessity, reasons, potential benefits and disadvantages of circumcision, as well as the role of peer pressure upon the decision to circumcise were included. Completed questionnaires were collected and analysed statistically. Results : The achieved response rate was 62.7%. 73.1% believed that circumcision is necessary, while 7.1% believed it is not necessary. The principal reason for circumcision was to improve penile hygiene (77.9%). 68.7% did not prefer neonatal circumcision regardless of the respondent's age. The major reason was fear of pain (36.9%). Peer pressure was one of the most influential factors when deciding upon circumcision: 60.8% believed that they might be ridiculed by their peer group unless circumcised, and the younger the age of the respondent, the more frequently this opinion was held ( p > 0.05). 62.7% thought that circumcision would prevent genital tract infection of the sexual partner. Respondents with older age tended to emphasize improved sexual potency ( p > 0.05). Conclusions : This study indicates that common beliefs of adult males about circumcision in Korea are relatively homogeneous. Tailored education about circumcision is needed.
Core Overbounding and its Implications for LAAS Integrity (2004)

Empirical studies have observed non-Gaussian behavior in pseudorange correction errors for the Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS). This paper introduces an overbounding technique, called core overbounding, designed to validate integrity for error distributions with heavier than Gaussian tails. The core overbounding process generates a conservative representation of the actual error distribution by decomposing the bound into two parts: an explicit function describing the distribution core and an implicit function describing the far tails. For LAAS applications, it is convenient to express the explicit core bound as a Gaussian Core (GC) or as a Gaussian Core with Gaussian Sidelobes (GCGS). These forms balance bound sharpness, important for heavy-tail mitigation, with operational simplicity, necessary for bound broadcast and protection level establishment in a real-time implementation. Analysis using the GC and GCGS bounds indicates that heavy tails have a relatively weak impact on availability for Category I LAAS but a significant impact for Category III.
TACROLIMUS IMPAIRS WOUND HEALING (1998)

Our data show for the first time that tacrolimus impairs wound healing, and this is reflected by diminished wound nitric oxide synthesis.
Accelerated development of hydropower in Bhutan – Private sector participation (2010)

The enchanting country of Bhutan is bestowed with renewable non-exhaustive natural water resource, which is the life line of any nation. Having realized the significance of this resource, Bhutan has already taken up concrete steps towards harnessing the available hydro power potential, which shall not only meet the energy demand of its neighbour(s) but also has proved to be the backbone of Bhutanese economy. To add upon the present hydro power assets in Bhutan, Bhutan is presently implementing 10 numbers of major hydro electric projects totalling to installed capacity of more than 10,000 MW with the support of Government of India through active participation of public sector. However, still remains is the exploitation of the balance of more than 12,000 MW of economically exploitable hydro power potential in Bhutan which shall warrant huge investments, enormous resources and meticulous planning. This mammoth task necessarily demands for the private sector participation, besides the role of Government to ensure the timely achievement of the goals. The path of private participation in hydro power sector in Bhutan is although at a nascent stage and is challenging but with due caution, if implemented can transform the power scenario across the nation. This paper focuses upon the available various models of private participation, on the basis of success story of other developing nations and the requirement of policy framework in this respect.
Fabrication and electrical characteristics of high-performance ZnO nanorod field-effect transistors (2004)

We report on fabrication and electrical characteristics of high-mobility field-effect transistors (FETs) using ZnO nanorods. For FET fabrications, single-crystal ZnO nanorods were prepared using catalyst-free metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. Although typical ZnO nanorod FETs exhibited good electrical characteristics, with a transconductance of ∼140nS and a mobility of 75cm2∕Vs, the device characteristics were significantly improved by coating a polyimide thin layer on the nanorod surface, exhibiting a large turn-ON/OFF ratio of 104–105, a high transconductance of 1.9μS, and high electron mobility above 1000cm2∕Vs. The role of the polymer coating in the enhancement of the devices is also discussed.
Crisis and Conscience in the Middle East. By Christian E. Hauer, Jr. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1970. 155 pp. $5.95 (1971)

Journal Article Crisis and Conscience in the Middle East. By Christian E. Hauer, Jr. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1970. 155 pp. $5.95 Get access Dwight L. Baker Dwight L. Baker Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Church and State, Volume 13, Issue 1, Winter 1971, Pages 138–141, https://doi.org/10.1093/jcs/13.1.138 Published: 01 January 1971
Exploring Energy and Accuracy Tradeoff in Structure Simplification of Trained Deep Neural Networks (2018)

This paper presents a structure simplification procedure that allows efficient energy and accuracy tradeoffs in implementation of trained deep neural networks (DNNs). This structure simplification procedure identifies and eliminates redundant neurons in any layer of the DNN based on the output values of these neurons over the training samples. This procedure may be applied to all layers of a DNN. Pareto-optimal points in terms of accuracy and energy consumption can be easily identified from the configurations across different layers. After redundant neurons are discarded, the weights connect to the remaining neurons will be updated using matrix multiplication without retraining. Yet, retraining may still be applied if desired to further fine tune the performance. In our experiments, we show energy-accuracy tradeoff that provides clear guidance to achieve efficient realization of trained DNNs. We also observe significant implementation cost reductions with up to 11.50× in energy and 12.30× in memory while the relative performance (accuracy) loss is negligible. We also discuss and validate strategies to apply our procedure to multiple layers in a DNN in order to maximize the compression ratio of the network after simplification subject to an overall budget in degradation of accuracy across all the simplified layers.
CD11b/CD18 Acts in Concert with CD14 and Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 4 to Elicit Full Lipopolysaccharide and Taxol-Inducible Gene Expression  ,. (2001)

Overproduction of inflammatory mediators by macrophages in response to Gram-negative LPS has been implicated in septic shock. Recent reports indicate that three membrane-associated proteins, CD14, CD11b/CD18, and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, may serve as LPS recognition and/or signaling receptors in murine macrophages. Therefore, the relative contribution of these proteins in the induction of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), IL-12 p35, IL-12 p40, TNF-alpha, IFN-inducible protein (IP)-10, and IFN consensus sequence binding protein (ICSBP) genes in response to LPS or the LPS-mimetic, Taxol, was examined using macrophages derived from mice deficient for these membrane-associated proteins. The panel of genes selected reflects diverse macrophage effector functions that contribute to the pathogenesis of septic shock. Induction of the entire panel of genes in response to low concentrations of LPS or Taxol requires the participation of both CD14 and TLR4, whereas high concentrations of LPS or Taxol elicit the expression of a subset of LPS-inducible genes in the absence of CD14. In contrast, for optimal induction of COX-2, IL-12 p35, and IL-12 p40 genes by low concentrations of LPS or by all concentrations of Taxol, CD11b/CD18 was also required. Mitigated induction of COX-2, IL-12 p35, and IL-12 p40 gene expression by CD11b/CD18-deficient macrophages correlated with a marked inhibition of NF-kappa B nuclear translocation and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in response to Taxol and of NF-kappa B nuclear translocation in response to LPS. These findings suggest that for expression of a full repertoire of LPS-/Taxol-inducible genes, CD14, TLR4, and CD11b/CD18 must be coordinately engaged to deliver optimal signaling to the macrophage.
Design and Characterization of Shoe Embedded Pressure Sensors for Gait Analysis and Rehabilitation (2017)

In clinical gait therapy, the quality of gait analysis is critical for developing a training plan and monitoring patient progress. Ground contact forces (GCFs) are often recorded to estimate joint torques which can quantify a patient’s needs and strength development. They are also useful in designing and controlling rehabilitative and assistive devices. In clinical gait analysis, force plates are used to measure GCFs objectively and precisely [1, 2]. Currently, forces sensitive resistors (FSR) are often used as a mobile platform to measure GCFs. FSR based platforms exhibit considerable hysteresis and have low durability, some requiring replacement after only 5-hour long uses. As an alternative to FSR, a pair of sensor-embedded shoes (smart shoes) relying on air pressure sensors has been presented in previous research [3]. Some details regarding the precise characteristics of the sensing abilities were unknown, though, generating unanticipated errors during use. In this paper, the sensing units of wireless smart shoes are characterized and tested to verify their capability to provide real-time and accurate GCF measurements. For the prototype, silicon tubes were sealed on one end, wound into coils, secured to the underside of the shoe’s insole at four points of interest (heel, toe, the first and fourth metatarsophalangeal joint) routed outside the shoe, and their open ends are connected to air pressure sensors as shown in Fig. 1(a). The pressure sensors were placed on a circuit board along with a battery and microcontroller responsible for reading sensor outputs and wirelessly communicating data to a nearby device, as shown in Fig. 1(c). The sensing unit on the lateral side of the shoe is 1.2″ × 1.3″ × 3.95″. A series of calibration tests were first performed on the tube-insole subsystem in isolation to test linearity, repeatability, and hysteresis. Then practical experiments were performed on a healthy subject to determine the accuracy of GCF measurement. A previously presented hysteresis filter was implemented in practical testing [4].
Genomic approaches to hematologic malignancies (2004)

In the past several years, experiments using DNA microarrays have contributed to an increasingly refined molecular taxonomy of hematologic malignancies. In addition to the characterization of molecular profiles for known diagnostic classifications, studies have defined patterns of gene expression corresponding to specific molecular abnormalities, oncologic phenotypes, and clinical outcomes. Furthermore, novel subclasses with distinct molecular profiles and clinical behaviors have been identified. In some cases, specific cellular pathways have been highlighted that can be therapeutically targeted. The findings of microarray studies are beginning to enter clinical practice as novel diagnostic tests, and clinical trials are ongoing in which therapeutic agents are being used to target pathways that were identified by gene expression profiling. While the technology of DNA microarrays is becoming well established, genome-wide surveys of gene expression generate large data sets that can easily lead to spurious conclusions. Many challenges remain in the statistical interpretation of gene expression data and the biologic validation of findings. As data accumulate and analyses become more sophisticated, genomic technologies offer the potential to generate increasingly sophisticated insights into the complex molecular circuitry of hematologic malignancies. This review summarizes the current state of discovery and addresses key areas for future research.
Sequential Nucleophilic Substitutions Permit Orthogonal Click Functionalization of Multicomponent PEG Brushes (2013)

Multicomponent poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) brushes (i.e., ≥ 2 adjacent PEG brushes) can be used to engineer culture substrates with microscale, nonfouling regions decorated with covalently immobilized ligands that mediate biospecific interactions. However, synthesizing such brushes with orthogonal immobilization chemistries to permit differential biofunctionalization is nontrivial and often requires synthesis of PEG-co-polymers. To simplify synthesis and enhance the versatility of such substrates, we developed a protocol for generating orthogonal click-functionalized multicomponent PEG brushes using sequential nucleophilic substitutions by sodium azide, ethanolamine, and propargylamine. The novel application of propargylamine-mediated substitution functionalizes PEG brushes with acetylene groups, and for the first time, ethanolamine-mediated substitution is shown to be sufficient for passivating the "living" polymer chain ends between brush synthesis steps. Thus, our multicomponent PEG brushes present dual orthogonal chemistries (i.e., azido and acetylene groups) for ligand immobilization via versatile copper-free click reactions, which are useful for in situ surface modifications during cell culture.
Effective Game Based Citizenship Education in the Age of New Media. (2013)

Educational systems worldwide are being challenged to respond effectively to the digital revolution and its implications for learning in the 21st century. In the present new media age, educational reforms are desperately needed to support more open and flexible structures of on‑demand learning that equip students with competencies required in a globalized and multicultural world. Game‑based learning represents one pathway to educational reform through its emphasis on performance. In this paper we describe the Statecraft X game‑based learning program that blends performative game‑based learning with dialogic pedagogy in the context of citizenship education. The Statecraft X curriculum was designed with the understanding that a digital game on its own does not necessarily lead to meaningful student learning. Rather, it is the students together with their peers and aided by their teacher who must work together to make meaning of their in‑game experiences and connect these experiences to real‑world events and issues through thoughtful reflection. With a view to addressing widespread shortcomings of citizenship education that reduce the curriculum to learning about citizenship, the Statecraft X game, played on Apple iPhones, provides students with a first person experience of governance by allowing them to take on the role of governors and thus to enact governance. Central to the SCX program is its dialogic pedagogy where teachers facilitate meaningful conversations among students and advance their understanding of citizenship and governance. In this paper, we report an implementation of the Statecraft X curriculum in a Social Studies class attended by 42 15‑year‑olds attending a secondary school in Singapore. Students’ understanding of governance and citizenship was assessed by means of an essay that students attempted at the end of the program. Students’ performance in the essay was compared with a comparable control group taught the same topic by traditional method. The results indicate that students of the intervention class outperformed the control class students. Our findings suggest that the Statecraft X curriculum has efficacy in achieving the desired curricular learning outcomes. These findings have implications for school leaders, teachers, and students with respect to introducing and integrating game‑based learning in regular classrooms.
Doppler Radar Vital Signs Detection Method Based on Higher Order Cyclostationary (2017)

Due to the non-contact nature, using Doppler radar sensors to detect vital signs such as heart and respiration rates of a human subject is getting more and more attention. However, the related detection-method research meets lots of challenges due to electromagnetic interferences, clutter and random motion interferences. In this paper, a novel third-order cyclic cummulant (TOCC) detection method, which is insensitive to Gaussian interference and non-cyclic signals, is proposed to investigate the heart and respiration rate based on continuous wave Doppler radars. The <i>k</i>-th order cyclostationary properties of the radar signal with hidden periodicities and random motions are analyzed. The third-order cyclostationary detection theory of the heart and respiration rate is studied. Experimental results show that the third-order cyclostationary approach has better estimation accuracy for detecting the vital signs from the received radar signal under low SNR, strong clutter noise and random motion interferences.
Catalytic Cracking: Catalysts, Chemistry and Kinetics (1986)

Scientific research is often compared to exploration. Expeditions (research programs) are mounted, discoveries made, and reports presented. As the information from the various expeditions accumulates, the time finally comes when a map may be drawn. Curiously, few maps of catalytic cracking have been attempted. The authors integrate related literature from the range of fields that impact on catalytic cracking, illustrate methodologies for studying complicated reaction networks, and detail important new information on catalyst selectivity and decay.
Coagulase-negative strains of <i>Staphylococcus pyogenes</i> (1972)

The isolation of two coagulase-negative strains of Staphylococcus pyogenes is reported, and their biochemical characteristics are given. The reliability of coagulase tests alone in the identification of Staph. pyogenes is discussed, and the deoxyribonuclease test is recommended as a useful confirmatory test.