gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic 3 DoF-Instrument with 7 DoF Force/Torque Feedback (2009)

Minimally invasive surgery (as previously discussed) is an operation technique advantageous for patients. However, surgeons have to contend with a number of disadvantages. With the development and commissioning of a robot supported, prototypic minimally invasive robotic surgery (MIRS) instrument the intracorporal manipulability as well as surgeon's immersion will be enhanced. This paper will give an outline of the endoscopic instrument consisting of 3 DoF actuation unit, 2 DoF joint, 7 DoF Force/Torque sensor, and functional end.
Urethane foams from animal fats: X. urethane polyols from epoxidized tallow, trimethylolpropane, and propylene oxide1 (1977)

Abstract A convenient three‐stage reaction has been devel‐oped for the preparation of polyols from epoxidized tallow (ET), trimethylolpropane (TMP), and propyl‐ene oxide (PO), without the previously required water washing step. ET is first heated with excess TMP under catalysis by BF 3 , causing rapid ring open‐ing of the oxirane function. In the second stage, KOH catalyzes ester interchange of TMP with the triglyc‐eride. Finally, PO is caused to react with free TMP and with other available hydroxylic components, to produce a homogeneous mixture of polyols. The polyols, all liquid at room temperature, were adjusted to equivalent weights of 100 and 120 with added triisopropanolamine and reacted with a polymeric isocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent to give low‐density rigid foams. Densities ranged from 1.6 to 1.8 lb/ft 3 and compressive strengths from 21 to 30psi.
Navigation System for the Blind: Auditory Display Modes and Guidance (1998)

The research we are reporting here is part of our effort to develop a navigation system for the blind. Our long-term goal is to create a portable, self-contained system that will allow visually impaired individuals to travel through familiar and unfamiliar environments without the assistance of guides. The system, as it exists now, consists of the following functional components: (1) a module for determining the traveler's position and orientation in space, (2) a Geographic Information System comprising a detailed database of our test site and software for route planning and for obtaining information from the database, and (3) the user interface. The experiment reported here is concerned with one function of the navigation system: guiding the traveler along a predefined route. We evaluate guidance performance as a function of four different display modes: one involving spatialized sound from a virtual acoustic display, and three involving verbal commands issued by a synthetic speech display. The virtual display mode fared best in terms of both guidance performance and user preferences.
Method for analyzing complex two‐dimensional forms: Elliptical Fourier functions (1989)

A generalized procedure, elliptical Fourier analysis, for accurately characterizing the shape of complex morphological forms of the type commonly encountered in the biological sciences, is described. Elliptical Fourier functions are derived as a parametric formulation from conventional Fourier analysis, i.e., as a pair of equations that are functions of a third variable. The use of elliptical Fourier functions circumvents three restrictions that have limited conventional Fourier analysis to certain classes of shapes. These restrictions are (1) equal divisions over the interval or period; (2) dependency on the coordinate system, i.e., conventional Fourier functions are not "coordinate free"; and (3) the presence of shapes with outlines that curve back on themselves, a common occurrence. These three limitations are effectively removed with the utilization of elliptical Fourier functions, facilitating the analysis of a much larger class of two-dimensional forms.
Variability in Content of the Anti-AIDS Drug Candidate Prostratin in Samoan Populations of <i>Homalanthus nutans</i> (2008)

Homalanthus nutans, used by Samoan healers to treat hepatitis, produces the antiviral compound 12-deoxyphorbol 13-acetate, prostratin (1). Prostratin is being developed as an adjuvant therapy to clear latent viral reservoirs, the major obstacle to eradication of HIV-AIDS within the human body. A validated reversed-phase HPLC method was developed to assay concentrations of 1 in H. nutans. A survey of four distinct populations on two different Samoan islands revealed significant variability in content. The stem tissue (range 0.2-52.6 microg/g 1), used by healers in indigenous therapies,gave a higher median concentration of prostratin (3.5 microg/g) than root or leaf tissues (2.9 and 2.5 microg/g, respectively).The high variability and skewness of these data indicate that cultivar selection for drug production will be important for this species. The reversed-phase HPLC assay will allow plants to be selected for agricultural development and genetic analysis by identifying those individuals above and below a 95% confidence interval for the median concentration.
Fairness and QoS Enhancement Models and Techniques for Peer-to-Peer Content Sharing Systems (2009)

Peer-to-peer content sharing systems are becoming increasingly popular in many types of environments, ranging from well-known file sharing communities to scientific and professional resource sharing communities. Two important objectives in such systems are achieving system-level fairness (i.e. participants should not only maximize their benefits, but also contribute to the well-being of the community) and an improved perceived Quality of Service (QoS) at the level of the individual participants. In this paper we propose several techniques for addressing these objectives from two perspectives: the application layer and the communication architecture layer.
Riluzole Does Not Affect Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Spatial Memory, Which Are Impaired by Diazepam in Rats (2013)

We have previously demonstrated that riluzole has anxiolytic-like effects in rats, without affecting spontaneous alternation performance in the Y-maze test. However, the effects of riluzole on hippocampal synaptic plasticity were still unclear. In this study, we showed that bath application of riluzole did not impair long-term potentiation and long-term depression, whereas a benzodiazepine anxiolytic, diazepam, significantly impaired them. Furthermore, the acquisition of spatial memory in the Morris water maze test was impaired in diazepam-treated but not riluzole-treated rats. We thus provide further evidence for the potential usefulness of riluzole as an anxiolytic that does not cause amnesia.
Discretionary access controls in a high-performance object management system (2002)

A method for efficiently implementing access control lists (ACLs) in the main memory object-oriented database systems (OODBSs) is proposed. The main features of the method are the following: ACLs are not stored directly, but via ACL numbers; and each process has a cache which records results of evaluations of ACLs for this process and certain ACL numbers. The particular implementation of ACL numbers in the High-Performance Portable Common Tool Environment (H-PCTE) is considered, and a set of measures which speed up access controls in the most time-critical data manipulation operations is presented. The author then compares the proposed method with other approaches, and discusses whether and how the proposed method can be used to implement ACLs in a disc-oriented system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Study of the Behavior of Dextrose Sodium Chloride in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions<sup>1</sup> (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Study of the Behavior of Dextrose Sodium Chloride in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions1Lee D. Ough and George T. Peckham Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 1, 136–137Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01205a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01205a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views29Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Formulation of interleukin-2 and interferon-alpha containing ultradeformable carriers for potential transdermal application. (1999)

We were able to show, that IL-2 as well as IFN is trapped by transfersomes in biological active form and in sufficient concentrations for immunotherapy. In upcoming experiments these IL-2 and IFN-containing TF are used for a transdermal approach in the murine RENCA cell line model.
Hot Random Off-Loading: A Hybrid Storage System with Dynamic Data Migration (2011)

Random accesses are generally harmful to performance in hard disk drives due to more dramatic mechanical movement. This paper presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of Hot Random Off-loading (HRO), a self-optimizing hybrid storage system that uses a fast and small SSD as a by-passable cache to hard disks, with a goal to serve a majority of random I/O accesses from the fast SSD. HRO dynamically estimates the performance benefits based on history access patterns, especially the randomness and the hotness, of individual files, and then uses a 0-1 knapsack model to allocate or migrate files between the hard disks and the SSD. HRO can effectively identify files that are more frequently and randomly accessed and place these files on the SSD. We implement a prototype of HRO in Linux and our implementation is transparent to the rest of the storage stack, including applications and file systems. We evaluate its performance by directly replaying three real-world traces on our prototype. Experiments demonstrate that HRO improves the overall I/O throughput up to 39% and the latency up to 23%.
The Identification of a Novel Natural Activator of p300 Histone Acetyltranferase Provides New Insights into the Modulation Mechanism of this Enzyme (2010)

Many severe human pathologies are related to alterations of the fine balance between histone acetylation and deacetylation; because not all such diseases involve hypoacetylation, but also hyperacetylation, compounds able to enhance or repress the activities of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) could be promising therapeutic agents. We evaluated in vitro and in cell the ability of eleven natural polyisoprenylated benzophenone derivatives to modulate the HAT activity of p300/CBP, an enzyme that plays a pivotal role in a variety of cellular processes. Some of the tested compounds bound efficiently to the p300/CBP protein: in particular, guttiferone A, guttiferone E and clusianone inhibit its HAT activity, whereas nemorosone showed a surprising ability to activate the enzyme. The ability of nemorosone to penetrate cell membranes and modulate histone acetylation into the cell together with its high affinity for the p300/CBP enzyme made this compound a suitable lead for the design of optimized anticancer drugs. Besides, the studies performed at a cellular and molecular level on both the inhibitors and the activator provided new insights into the modulation mechanism of p300/CBP by small molecules.
Downlink capacity gain analysis of mobile relay in LTE-Advanced network (2014)

In this paper, we analyze whether mobile relay could bring capacity gain to a LTE-Advanced network. The analysis is based on the Shannon formula modified for LTE. The Spatial Poisson Process is used to model the distribution of terminals and mobile relays in the cell. We consider two relay modes in the study: pure-relay mode and femto-like mode. Through the analysis we get the conclusion that penetration loss is a key factor to decide whether mobile relay can bring considerable capacity gain into the system. When penetration loss is 25 dB, pure-relay mode can bring about +30% capacity gain compared with traditional mode, femto-like mode can bring almost +100% capacity gain compared with traditional mode.
Towards Optically Pure Mono- and Difluorinated Amino Acids: Common Methodology Based on (<i>R</i>)-2,3-<i>O</i>-Isopropylideneglyceraldehyde (2002)

The stereocontrolled synthesis of N-protected (2S,3R)-2-amino-3-fluoroundecanoic and (3R)-3-amino-2,2-difluoroundecanoic acids, as representative examples, from commercially available optically pure (R)-2,3-O-isopropylideneglyceraldehyde is described. Key steps involve the Mitsunobu reaction for the introduction of amino function, and incorporation of fluorine atom(s) by the fluorinating agent, morpholinotrifluorosulfurane.
A High Throughput Microfluidic Thermal Reactor (2009)

A high throughput microfluidic system including a 96 continuous flow (CF) thermal reactors and a multi-zone thermal control system was designed and fabricated. An infrared camera (IR) was used to analyze and verify the uniformity of the temperature distribution. Temperature variations from the nominal values were ±2°C in the denaturation zone and ±1°C in the renaturation and extension zones. Six different DNA fragments, with lengths ranging from 99 bp to 997 bp, were obtained from a λ-DNA template, each with a distinct renaturation temperature. As an initial demonstration of the biochemical performance of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reactor arrays, a column device comprised of eight 25-cycle CFPCRs was used to amplify identical PCR cocktails for each DNA fragment simultaneously at a flow velocity of 2 mm/s. All but the 997 bp were successfully amplified. Yields for the 99 bp fragment varied from 15%–36% of the amplicon on block thermal cycler. In a second experiment, a row device composed of six 25-cycle CFPCRs was used to successfully, simultaneously amplify cocktails for all six DNA fragment lengths at a flow velocity of 1 mm/s in parallel. Each device in the row had a distinct renaturation temperature to match the DNA fragment length. The parallel thermal arrays can be used in modular systems including both PCR for amplification and, for example, ligase detection reaction (LDR) for mutation detection.
Measurement and Control of Torque Ripple-Induced Frame Torsional Vibration in a Surface Mount Permanent Magnet Machine (2005)

A sensor to measure the stator torsional vibration due to torque ripple produced by a surface mount permanent magnet machine is first described. The sensor is relatively inexpensive and is straight forward to incorporate into a drive system. Experiments are performed to validate that the voltage produced by the sensor is linearly related to torque ripple amplitude. Closed-loop controllers are then described that adjust the stator current harmonics applied to the machine to achieve a commanded average torque while mitigating measured torsional vibration. Simulation and experimental results are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the control techniques.
Effect of CO2 on the Performance of Au/MnOx and Pt/SnOx Low-Temperature CO Oxidation Catalysts (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of CO2 on the Performance of Au/MnOx and Pt/SnOx Low-Temperature CO Oxidation CatalystsGar B. Hoflund, Steven D. Gardner, David R. Schryer, Billy T. Upchurch, and Erik J. KielinCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 9, 3431–3434Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00009a026https://doi.org/10.1021/la00009a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Control System of the Experimental Research of Deposition Process in Vacuum (2007)

The control system for near-atomic thin films deposition is disclosed. The system is consisting of three parts: vapor pressure control, film conductivity control and stepwise coverage control. All three subsystems are explored experimentally and found to have the sufficient potential to give improved repeatability of deposition of near-atomic thin films. The results and conclusions from stepwise coverage experiments, followed by AFM and XPS analysis is presented as an evidence of direct relationship between the in-situ recorded voltage pattern and the film formation stages. Ill. 6, bibl. 10 (in English; abstracts in English, Russian and Lithuanian).
Survey of Trace Metals in Distillate Fuels (2009)

The amounts of trace metals in distillate fuels are receiving increased attention, especially those of metals that cause corrosion of gas turbine blades. Published information on the level of trace metals in distillate fuels is scarce, so members of Section D02.E on Burner, Diesel, and Gas Turbine fuels Oils of ASTM Committee D-2 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants agreed to pool information available in individual laboratories. Twelve laboratories furnished data on 408 samples of kerosenes, diesel fuels, burner fuels, aviation turbine fuels, and gas turbine fuels. Data on trace metals content included that of sodium, potassium, vanadium, calcium, lead, magnesium, and copper. Some laboratories did not report data on all metals. This survey to pool information available on the amounts of trace metals in random samples of distillate fuels does not lend itself to statistical treatment of the data. However, it does show that the level of trace metals in currently produced distillate fuels is much lower than the amounts presently allowed in ASTM Specification for Gas Turbine Oils (D 2880-71).
Reduced antibody reactivity to hepatitis C virus antigens in hemodialysis patients coinfected with hepatitis B virus (1997)

Antibody reactivities to hepatitis C virus (HCV) antigens and to synthetic peptides derived from different parts of the HCV genome (core, NS4, and NS5) were evaluated in HCV-infected hemodialysis patients. In the RIBA 3 assay, NS5 was significantly less recognizable by sera of hemodialysis patients compared to other HCV-infected subjects. Among hemodialysis patients, those coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) (positive for hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg+]) showed a reduction in reactivity to C33 and C100. Sera of only 23% of the hemodialysis patients (37 of 161) reacted with more than three of eight peptides tested, significantly fewer than the 60% (12 of 20) of the sera of other HCV-infected patients tested (P = 0.001). This immunosuppression was also manifested by a reduced frequency of recognition of additional peptides on follow-up. An even more reduced reactivity was observed among the HBV-coinfected patients (HBsAg+). The low-responder hemodialysis patients were not infected with any particular genotype of HCV, and the same HCV genotypes observed in the whole group of hemodialysis patients (1a, 1b, 2a, and 3a) were found circulating in the low-responder group. Even in this low-responder population, the good performance of two peptides (peptide 716, corresponding to a portion of the core, and peptide 59, corresponding to a portion of NS4) corroborates the immunodominance of the conserved epitopes within these peptides.
A hybrid machine-crowdsourcing system for matching web tables (2014)

The Web is teeming with rich structured information in the form of HTML tables, which provides us with the opportunity to build a knowledge repository by integrating these tables. An essential problem of web data integration is to discover semantic correspondences between web table columns, and schema matching is a popular means to determine the semantic correspondences. However, conventional schema matching techniques are not always effective for web table matching due to the incompleteness in web tables. In this paper, we propose a two-pronged approach for web table matching that effectively addresses the above difficulties. First, we propose a concept-based approach that maps each column of a web table to the best concept, in a well-developed knowledge base, that represents it. This approach overcomes the problem that sometimes values of two web table columns may be disjoint, even though the columns are related, due to incompleteness in the column values. Second, we develop a hybrid machine-crowdsourcing framework that leverages human intelligence to discern the concepts for “difficult” columns. Our overall framework assigns the most “beneficial” column-to-concept matching tasks to the crowd under a given budget and utilizes the crowdsourcing result to help our algorithm infer the best matches for the rest of the columns. We validate the effectiveness of our framework through an extensive experimental study over two real-world web table data sets. The results show that our two-pronged approach outperforms existing schema matching techniques at only a low cost for crowdsourcing.
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis of the <i>env</i> Gene of a New Zairian Isolate of HIV-1 (1988)

As a further step in the continuing process of defining the extent and nature of variability of the envelope (env) gene of HIV-1, we have cloned a new Zairian isolate, JY1, and sequenced the env gene of this isolate. Although the restriction map of the env region of JY1 was found to be more similar to that of the American prototype, BH10, than maps of all previously reported Zairian isolates and some American isolates, nucleotide sequencing of the JY1 env gene showed that it is among the most divergent from BH10 yet reported and that it differs from previously reported Zairian isolates almost to the same extent that it differs from BH10. A typical pattern of variable and constant regions was seen. A number of complex duplications were found in the hypervariable regions of JY1. The unique and highly divergent nature of the env gene of JY1 enhances its usefulness as part of a panel of HIV-1 isolates being evaluated in biologic and immunologic studies toward vaccine development.