gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diversity and population structure of Marine Group A bacteria in the Northeast subarctic Pacific Ocean (2012)

Marine Group A (MGA) is a candidate phylum of Bacteria that is ubiquitous and abundant in the ocean. Despite being prevalent, the structural and functional properties of MGA populations remain poorly constrained. Here, we quantified MGA diversity and population structure in relation to nutrients and O(2) concentrations in the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) of the Northeast subarctic Pacific Ocean using a combination of catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH) and 16S small subunit ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing (clone libraries and 454-pyrotags). Estimates of MGA abundance as a proportion of total bacteria were similar across all three methods although estimates based on CARD-FISH were consistently lower in the OMZ (5.6%±1.9%) than estimates based on 16S rRNA gene clone libraries (11.0%±3.9%) or pyrotags (9.9%±1.8%). Five previously defined MGA subgroups were recovered in 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and five novel subgroups were defined (HF770D10, P262000D03, P41300E03, P262000N21 and A714018). Rarefaction analysis of pyrotag data indicated that the ultimate richness of MGA was very nearly sampled. Spearman's rank analysis of MGA abundances by CARD-FISH and O(2) concentrations resulted in significant correlation. Analyzed in more detail by 16S rRNA pyrotag sequencing, MGA operational taxonomic units affiliated with subgroups Arctic95A-2 and A714018 comprised 0.3-2.4% of total bacterial sequences and displayed strong correlations with decreasing O(2) concentration. This study is the first comprehensive description of MGA diversity using complementary techniques. These results provide a phylogenetic framework for interpreting future studies on ecotype selection among MGA subgroups, and suggest a potentially important role for MGA in the ecology and biogeochemistry of OMZs.
Efficacy and safety of intrapartum electronic fetal monitoring: an update (1995)

The only clinically significant benefit from the use of routine EFM was in the reduction of neonatal seizures. Because of the increase in cesarean and operative vaginal deliveries, the long-term benefit of this reduction must be evaluated in the decision reached jointly by the pregnant woman and her clinician to use EFM or intermittent auscultation during labor.
Cyclooxygenase inhibitors use is associated with reduced risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma in patients with Barrett’s esophagus: a meta-analysis (2014)

Cyclooxygenase inhibitors use is associated with a reduced risk of developing EAC in patients with BE. Both low-dose aspirin and non-aspirin COX inhibitors are associated with a reduced risk of neoplasia. More well-designed randomised controlled trials are needed to increase our understanding of the chemopreventive effect of COX inhibitors.
Transfer and expression of the human multiple drug resistance gene in human CD34+ cells (1994)

The human multiple-drug resistance (MDR1) gene has been transferred into human hematopoietic progenitors using retroviral gene transfer. Human bone marrow cells and isolated CD34+ cells isolated from marrow were exposed to growth factors interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-6, and stem cell factor for 48 hours and then to two changes of MDR retroviral supernatants over the next 24 hours. Progenitor assays in methylcellulose at this time showed that 18% to 70% of BFU-E and 30% to 60% of CFU-GM contain the transferred MDR gene by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Up to 11.2% of the progeny of these cells express increased amounts of MDR glycoprotein on their surface by fluorescence- activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis. In addition, transduced cells are enriched in high MDR-expressing cells after exposure to taxol as assessed by FACS analysis, and by resistance of BFU-E to taxol (Bristol- Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ). These studies indicate the feasibility of using MDR gene transfer as a means of enriching marrow for MDR- transduced cells. They also provide the basis of a phase 1 clinical protocol in patients with advanced cancers not involving the bone marrow for the use of MDR gene transfer as a means of protecting marrow cells, which normally express low levels of MDR, from the myelosuppressive effects of drugs like taxol.
Non-Atherosclerotic Fusiform Cerebral Aneurysms (2002)

There is a subset of cerebral aneurysms with discrete fusiform morphology, apparently unrelated to cerebral atherosclerosis or systemic connective tissue disease, thin-walled in part or whole, more common in the vertebrobasilar system, and possessing a risk of rupture. Treatments currently available include proximal occlusion or aneurysm wrapping", different approaches than neck-clipping or endovascular coiling of side-wall saccular cerebral aneurysms that leave the parent artery intact.
Museum Collections Management Systems: One Size Does Not Fit All (2010)

Collections management software companies claim their product can be used for any type of collection or museum. While this is true to some extent, in actuality, they are better suited for some types of collections and do not cover the others as well. Particular collections management databases have aspects that are better suited for certain types of collections and an individual museum's needs. Each system's particular combination of features and characteristics may make it a better fit for some museums' needs and not for others. Recommendations for collections databases are constantly sought after on the American Association of Museum's Registrar's Committee Listserv. The systems to be reviewed in this study are: PastPerfect, TMS, EmbARK. Argus, Re:discovery, Vernon CMS, and KE-EMu. With all of these choices available selecting the "right" system for a museum can be an overwhelming task. What the "right" system is, however, will be different for every institution. What may be a near perfect fit for one institution could result in disaster and frustration for another.
Is platelet-activating factor involved in bronchopulmonary hyperresponsiveness? (1992)

Among the various lipid mediators, platelet-activating factor (PAF) is likely to participate in the development of inflammatory and allergic reactions. Indeed, PAF mimics the symptoms of anaphylactic shock and causes bronchial hyperreactivity in various species. The availability of specific PAF antagonists led to determination of the precise role of this mediator in experimental allergic situations. Here we provide evidence that the bronchopulmonary and inflammatory effects of PAF in the guinea-pig are different depending on the immunological status of the animals. Consequently, the search for novel PAF antagonists should take into account the experimental model developed for studying its implication in allergic reactions and in the accompanying airway inflammation.
Light control of seedling morphogenetic pattern. (1995)

Plant development is characterized by a high degree of plasticity in response to environmental signals. As s e d e organisms, plants cannot actively move away from sources of stress, nor can they seek out a location with optimal nutrient and light resources. Instead, they must tailor their developmental pattern in a way that maximizes their chances of survival and reproduction. A plant’s “choice” of developmental pattern is based largely on environmental cues, one of the most important of these being light. Given the importance of photosynthesis to plant survival, it comes as no surprise that higher plants respond to light signals by assuming a growth pattern that enhances their access and exposure to light. This control of plant form by ambient light conditions is generally termed photomorphogenesis (Kendrick and Kronenberg, 1994). The light environment in nature is complex. Unobstructed sunlight consists of a wide continuum of photon wavelengths that is conveniently divided into three large spectral domains: UV ( 700 nm) light (Figure 1A). The spectral quality, or relative photon distribution, at different wavelengths can vary greatly, depending on the location and the time of day. For example, within the canopy, the light available is essentially depleted in the visible and UV regions, and far-red light is highly represented (Figure 1A). Furthermore, twilight normally has a higher farred to red ratio than daylight (Smith, 1994). Although higher plants effectively utilize only visible light for photosynthesis, they have the capability to sense and respond to a much wider range of the spectrum, including UV and far-red light. For example, the effectiveness of different wavelengths of continuous light at inhibiting hypocotyl elongation of dark-grown Sinapis alba seedlings (Beggs et al., 1980) is shown in Figure 1B. It is evident that multiple spectral regions of light, including blue, red, and far-red, all are very effective at inhibiting hypocotyl elongation, suggesting that S. alba seedlings are capable of perceiving all of these light signals and utilizing them to control seedling morphogenesis. Plant responses to light are especially evident in the young seedling, although they occur throughout the life of the plant.
Transmission of West Nile Virus through Blood Transfusion in the United States in 2002 (2003)

Transfused red cells, platelets, and fresh-frozen plasma can transmit West Nile virus. Screening of potential donors with the use of nucleic acid-based assays for West Nile virus may reduce this risk.
AUTOMATIC PASSENGER COUNTING IN THE HIGH OCCUPANCY VEHICLE (HOV) LANES (1999)

The gathering of usage statistics in high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes is mandated by the Federal Highway Administration. These statistics are crucial for construction planning. Currently, the gathering of data is performed manually. This is obviously laborious inefficient, and prone to error. Under a Minnesota Department of Transportation (Mn/DOT) contract we undertook a study to determine if the automatic counting of passengers is feasible. In the present paper we report our findings regarding the appropriate sensor phenomenology and arrangement for the task and our plans for the future
Recombinant Circle Polymerase Chain Reaction for Site-Directed Mutagenesis (2003)

Site-directed mutagenesis permits modification of the functional characteristics of specific proteins and the characterization of regulatory DNA elements. Since the amplifying primers used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are incorporated into the product, PCR can be used to modify the ends of DNA segments (1,2). Site-directed mutagenesis is accomplished by introducing a mismatch into one of the oligonucleotides used to prime the PCR amplification. This oligonucleotide, with its mutant sequence, is incorporated into the PCR product. Sequences can also be attached to the ends of a DNA segment by using primers whose 5' ends do not anneal to the original template.
Transcendent Memory and Linux (2006)

Managing a fixed amount of memory (RAM) optimally is a long-solved problem in the Linux kernel. Managing RAM optimally in a virtual environment, however, is still a challenging problem because: (1) each guest kernel focuses solely on optimizing its entire fixed RAM allocation oblivious to the needs of other guests, and (2) very little information is exposed to the virtual machine manager (VMM) to enable it to decide if one guest needs RAM more than another guest. Mechanisms such as ballooning and hot-plug memory (Schopp, OLS’2006) allow RAM to be taken from a selfish guest and given to a needy guest, but these have significant known issues and, in any case, don’t solve the hard problem: Which guests are selfish and which are needy? IBM’s Collaborative Memory Management (Schwidefsky, OLS’2006) attempts to collect information from each guest and provide it to the VMM, but was deemed far too complex and attempts to upstream it have been mostly stymied. Transcendent Memory (tmem for short) is a new approach to optimize RAM utilization in a virtual environment. Underutilized RAM from each guest, plus RAM unassigned to any guest (fallow memory), is collected into a central pool. Indirect access to that RAM is then provided by the VMM through a carefully crafted, page-copy-based interface. Linux kernel changes are required but are relatively small and not only provide valuable information to the VMM, but also furnish additional &quot;magic &quot; memory to the kernel, provide performance benefits in the form of reduced I/O, and mitigate some of the issues that arise from ballooning/hotplug. 1
Optimizing Performance on Linux Clusters Using Advanced Communication Protocols: Achieving Over 10 Teraflops on a 8.6 Teraflops Linpack-Rated Linux Cluster (2005)

Advancements in high-performance networks (Quadrics, Infiniband or Myrinet) continue to improve the efficiency of modern clusters. However, the average application efficiency is as small fraction of the peak as the system’s efficiency. This paper describes techniques for optimizing application performance on Linux clusters using Remote Memory Access communication protocols. The effectiveness of these optimizations is presented in the context of an application kernel, dense matrix multiplication. The result was achieving over 10 teraflops on HP Linux cluster on which LINPACK performance is measured as 8.6 teraflops.
Overview of plasma-based accelerator concepts (1996)

An overview is given of the physics issues relevant to the plasma wakefield accelerator, the plasma beat-wave accelerator, the laser wakefield accelerator, including the self-modulated regime, and wakefield accelerators driven by multiple electron or laser pulses. Basic properties of linear and nonlinear plasma waves are discussed, as well as the trapping and acceleration of electrons in the plasma wave. Formulas are presented for the accelerating field and the energy gain in the various accelerator configurations. The propagation of the drive electron or laser beams is discussed, including limitations imposed by key instabilities and methods for optically guiding laser pulses. Recent experimental results are summarized.
Quality of a Bit (QoB): A New Concept in Dependable SRAM (2008)

We propose a novel dependable SRAM with 7T memory cells, and introduce a new concept, "quality of a bit (QoB)" for it. The proposed SRAM has three modes: a typical mode, high-speed mode, and dependable mode, in which the QoB is scalable. That is, the area, speed, reliability, and/or power of one-bit information can be controlled. In the typical mode, assignment of information is as usual as one memory cell has one bit. On the other hand, in the high-speed or dependable mode, one-bit information is stored in two memory cells, which boosts the speed or increases the reliability. By carrying out Monte Carlo simulation of dynamic cell stability in a 90- nm process technology, we confirmed the advantage of the proposed SRAM.
OctopusFS (2017)

The ever-growing data storage and I/O demands of modern large-scale data analytics are challenging the current distributed storage systems. A promising trend is to exploit the recent improvements in memory, storage media, and networks for sustaining high performance and low cost. While past work explores using memory or SSDs as local storage or combine local with network-attached storage in cluster computing, this work focuses on managing multiple storage tiers in a distributed setting. We present OctopusFS, a novel distributed file system that is aware of heterogeneous storage media (e.g., memory, SSDs, HDDs, NAS) with different capacities and performance characteristics. The system offers a variety of pluggable policies for automating data management across the storage tiers and cluster nodes. The policies employ multi-objective optimization techniques for making intelligent data management decisions based on the requirements of fault tolerance, data and load balancing, and throughput maximization. At the same time, the storage media are explicitly exposed to users and applications, allowing them to choose the distribution and placement of replicas in the cluster based on their own performance and fault tolerance requirements. Our extensive evaluation shows the immediate benefits of using OctopusFS with data-intensive processing systems, such as Hadoop and Spark, in terms of both increased performance and better cluster utilization.
A NEW ELAPHRUS (COLEOPTERA, CARABIDAE) (1941)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Pharmacokinetics of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor in rabbits and mice serum and rabbits aqueous humor. (2004)

rhbFGF within the examined doses had a linear pharmacokinetics in rabbits and mice. High concentration of rhbFGF was found in rabbits aqueous humor after postocular administration.
Electrochemically Active Lithia/Metal and Lithium Sulfide/Metal Composites (2002)

This paper demonstrates and Fe) composites that contain electrochemically active lithium. The composites were made by ballmilling or with metal powder. The resulting materials had average grain sizes of and enormous reversible capacities of up to 600 mAh/g. When cycled within appropriate voltage limits, the electrodes showed no capacity fading. These composites are compatible with lithium-ion technology and could provide a safe, high-energy density alternative to conventional intercalation electrodes. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Production of Resistors by Arc Plasma Spraying (1975)

Arc plasma spraying (APS) is an accepted method of producing coatings for many engineering applications. The wide range of materials that can be used to form the thick film coatings make this technique interesting as an alternative method of producing electrical components and circuits. The manufacturing procedure is outlined and the potential advantages of this method of making thick film resistors are listed. The effect on the physical and electrical properties of the films produced by variation of the arc plasma gun current, gas flow rate and powder particle size are reported together with the effect of varying gun/substrate distance and the topography of the substrate surface. It is shown that using a mixture of NiO and Fe 3 O 4 powders with a particle size range of 1–20 μ m it is possible to produce films on a glass substrate with sheet resistivities from 5–500 Ω/sq; temperature coefficients of resistance vary from +20 to −8 × 10 −4 per ℃, depending on resistor composition and film thickness. The results given for a 10,000 hour life test carried out at 150℃ in air show a mean charge in resistance of ~−5%. It is concluded that APS offers a viable method of producing thick film resistors and conductors on low cost substrates.
Innovative approaches in nutrition education in the Pacific region. (1981)

It has often been said that ignorance is the most cause of malnutrition. However, in the Pacific Islands rapid modernization has confronted the people with the realization that their traditional way of life is no longer applicable and socially acceptable: this has led to the adoption of practices that are not fully understood or carried out properly (as is the case in bottle feeding). The nutrition education programme described in the paper attempts to halp individuals and communities become aware of the changes taking place and their consequences, and to provide them with the knowledge they need to seek solutions by themselves. To consolidate nutrition education in the various islands, training is undertaken by the Community Education Training Centre and in the territories through in-service courses. The level of training is highly practical and stresses skills and information useful for village people. Emphasis is on methods of motivating the community and techniques in nutrition education; the use of growth charts, cooking demonstrations, vegetable gardens and the proper use of audio-visual aids. One aim is to promote the consumption of coconut milk instead of soft drinks, while a major focus is the encouragement of breast feeding. Recipes are traditional ones modified for higher nutritive value, such as the addition of vegetables, perhaps taro leaves, or banana flower to a typical fish soup. In school, learning units have also been developed to promote appreciation of local food. Apart from the conventional educational techniques and materials, new aids are being utilised, especially games: nutrition bingo, gin rummy, menu planning games, the coconut climber's game, nutrition puzzles, etc. It is the author's experience that, to be effective, nutrition education programmes have to be an integral part of a national strategy aimed at combatting malnutrition. Isolated efforts may be better than none, but results remain marginal, if only because there is such a disparity between the problem and the response to it in the form of nutrition schemes.
Myocardial Ischemic Memory Imaging With Molecular Echocardiography (2007)

Echocardiographic identification of recently ischemic myocardium is possible using ultrasound contrast agents targeted to selectins. This may offer a new approach to the more timely and precise diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome in patients presenting with chest pain of uncertain cardiac origin.
Urogenital Ultrasound: A Text Atlas (1994)

Contributors Preface Acknowledgements 1. Basic (Clinically Oriented) Principles of Doppler: Types of Doppler scanner, Spectral analysis, Spectral Doppler artefacts, Colour Doppler imaging, Colour artefacts, Normal Doppler waveform patterns, Abnormal Doppler waveforms patterns. 2. The Kidney: General considerations, Congenital abnormalities of the kidney, Acquired renal disease. 3. The Renal Transplant: General considerations, Normal appearances, Complications of renal transplantation, Surgical complications, Medical complications, Summary 4. Combined Renal and Pancreatic Transplantation: Early complications, Ultrasonic scanning technique, Normal ultrasound appearances, Conclusion. 5. Renal Dialysis: General considerations, Peritoneal dialysis, Haemodialysis, General dialysis complications 6. The Scrotum: General considerations, Applications, Scrotal anatomy, Ultrasound technique, Testicular tumours, Benign testicular disease, Testicular size The Penis: Applications, Anatomy and technique, Erectile dysfunction, Other penile pathologies, Ultrasound of the male anterior urethra 8. The Prostate and Seminal Vesicles: Prostatic embryology and zonal anatomy, Instrumentation and examination, Normal sonographic prostate anatomy, Prostate cancer, Sonographic features of prostate cancer, Extracapsular extension and seminal vesicle invasion, Colour Doppler evaluation of the prostate, Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Inflammation, Prostatic cysts, Abnormalities of the seminal vesicle, Conclusion 9. Bladder and Urethra: Introduction, Embryology, Sonographic technique and anatomy, Congenital anomalies, Acquired abnormalities, Urethra, Summary, 10. The Retroperitoneum and Ureters: Applications, Anatomy and technique, Retroperitoneal fibrosis, Pelvic lipomatosis, The aorta, The inferior vena cava, The adrenal glands, Other retroperitoneal tumours (excluding renal and adrenal), The ureters, Other pathologies that may cause ureteric obstruction, Renal pathologies affecting the retroperitoneum 11. Paediatric Urological Ultrasound: General considerations, Postnatal imaging of infants with antenatally detected nephrourological disorders, Cystic renal disease, Medical renal disease, Renal infection, Renal tumours, Bladder, Retroperitoneum and adrenals 12. Interventional Ultrasound: General considerations, Technique, Renal biopsies, Biopsies of other sites, Antegrade pyelography, drainage and stent insertion, Lithotripsy Index