gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using multi-frequency modulation in a modem for the transmission of near-realtime video in an underwater environment (2003)

The system described in this paper uses multicarrier modulation, and has been successfully tested at a data rate up to 10 kbps over 1 km. The system algorithm generates 48 frequencies for transmitting 48 parallel bits of data in each packet. A long transmitted signal sequence is combined with synchronisation, zero gap and information packets. The long multi-frequency signal packets have been implemented to minimise the effect of multipath fading, which is a particular problem in shallow, open water environments. To acquire the starting point of the transmitting sequence, a linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal is used for synchronisation. In order to reduce noise, adaptive threshold packets are used to set up a suitable signal. Experimental results from sea-trials have shown that the system can cope with multipath fading environments.
Piezoelectric composites with high sensitivity and high capacitance for use at high pressures (1991)

A type of piezoelectric composite has been developed for oceanographic applications. The composites have a large figure of merit (d(h)xg(h) or d(h )xg(h)/tan delta, where d(h ) is the hydrostatic piezoelectric voltage coefficient), a large dielectric constant (K) and low dielectric loss, and great mechanical strength. A shallow cavity between the PZT ceramics and thick metallic electrode is designed to convert a portion of the z-direction stress into a large radial and tangential stress of opposite sign. thereby causing the d(33) and d(31) contributions to d(h) to add rather than subtract, and raising the figure of merit. Theoretical stress analysis was carried out using an axisymmetric finite element method. Experimental results show that the d(h)x g(h), K, and withstandable pressure are extremely high.
Electrooxidative Deposition of Polypyrrole and Polyaniline on Self-Assembled Monolayer Modified Electrodes (1997)

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of ω-substituted alkanethiols on gold display different effects on the kinetics of electrochemical deposition of polypyrrole and polyaniline. Hydrophobic monolayers of dodecanethiol and octadecanethiol initially retard the deposition of polypyrrole. However, as soon as polymerization is nucleated, a rough polymer film is rapidly deposited. Monolayers of 12-amino-1-dodecanethiol, which are protonated under the acidic conditions required for polyaniline deposition, provide a good barrier to aniline oxidation. The response of SAM-modified electrodes to (N,N-(dimethylamino)methyl)ferrocene in acidic solution follows similar trends observed for the blocking of aniline oxidation. Thus, the Coulombic repulsion between the protonated monolayer and the diffusing anilinium monomer appears important in providing a barrier to the electrooxidative deposition of polyaniline.
Gene Transfer in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> : Shuttle Phasmids to Enlightenment (2014)

Infectious diseases have plagued humankind throughout history and have posed serious public health problems. Yet vaccines have eradicated smallpox and antibiotics have drastically decreased the mortality rate of many infectious agents. These remarkable successes in the control of infections came from knowing the causative agents of the diseases, followed by serendipitous discoveries of attenuated viruses and antibiotics. The discovery of DNA as genetic material and the understanding of how this information translates into specific phenotypes have changed the paradigm for developing new vaccines, drugs, and diagnostic tests. Knowledge of the mechanisms of immunity and mechanisms of action of drugs has led to new vaccines and new antimicrobial agents. The key to the acquisition of the knowledge of these mechanisms has been identifying the elemental causes (i.e., genes and their products) that mediate immunity and drug resistance. The identification of these genes is made possible by being able to transfer the genes or mutated forms of the genes into causative agents or surrogate hosts. Such an approach was limited in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the difficulty of transferring genes or alleles into M. tuberculosis or a suitable surrogate mycobacterial host. The construction of shuttle phasmids-chimeric molecules that replicate in Escherichia coli as plasmids and in mycobacteria as mycobacteriophages-was instrumental in developing gene transfer systems for M. tuberculosis. This review will discuss M. tuberculosis genetic systems and their impact on tuberculosis research.
Using hazardous liquid wastes as fuel (1987)

A significant amount of the hazardous liquid wastes generated in this country has a heating value and can be safely fired in specially designed burners on boilers and furnaces. This procedure dramatically reduces energy and disposal costs. The author discusses a pre-engineered modular burner system capable of handling combustible nonhalogenated liquid wastes that contain widely varying proportions of water and solid contaminants.
Elimination of all grating lobes in ultrasonic synthetic focusing using a linear array (1993)

The Letter proposes a general scheme for eliminating all grating lobes in ultrasonic synthetic focusing using a linear array. The Letter also discusses the relationship between the element spacing, the generated grating lobes and the elimination scheme. Simulation results show the validity of the scheme.
Shape optimization by evolution strategy (1992)

The random based evolution strategy is applied in conjunction with the finite element method for shape optimization by geometrical or material dependent parameters. The evolution strategy is presented and particularities of different methods are discussed. Results from the minimization of skin and proximity losses of multiconductor arrangements are presented. The evolution strategy was combined with numerical field calculation by the finite element method to minimize ohmic losses in cables. The evolution strategy proved to be applicable to optimization of the conductor shape. In comparison to circular conductors under comparable conditions the optimization resulted in a reduction of power losses of 50%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Beamforming capabilities of array-fed reflector antennas (2011)

Array-fed reflector antennas are frequently used on GEO satellites to realize high-gain multiple beam antennas. The directivity of these antennas suffers from relatively high scan loss. By utilizing beamforming the antenna performance can significantly be improved. This paper addresses some of the beamforming capabilities of reflector antennas and their influence on the antenna performance. Numerical results supporting the discussed topics are given.
Pseudocorrelation: A fast, robust, absolute, grey‐level image alignment algorithm (1994)

A new image alignment algorithm--pseudocorrelation--has been developed based on the application of Monte Carlo techniques to the calculation of a cross-correlation integral for grey-scale images. It has many advantages over cross-correlation: it is at least a factor of 10 faster than fast-Fourier-transform-based cross-correlation, and requires 8 times less memory. Its high speed allows for the search space of geometric transformations between images to include magnification and rotation as well as translations without the search time becoming too long. It allows noise to be taken into account, making calculation of a robust, absolute probability of good alignment possible. It is relatively insensitive to differences in quality between images. This article describes the pseudocorrelation algorithm in detail and presents the results of tests of the effects of contrast enhancement, resolution differences, and noise on the algorithm's performance. These tests show that the algorithm is well suited to the task of automated alignment of very low contrast images from video electronic portal imaging devices.
Donor-acceptor-containing quinodimethanes. Synthesis and copolyesterification of highly dipolar quinodimethanes (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDonor-acceptor-containing quinodimethanes. Synthesis and copolyesterification of highly dipolar quinodimethanesG. David Green, H. K. Hall Jr., J. E. Mulvaney, J. Noonan, and D. J. WilliamsCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 4, 716–722Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00170a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views134Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (776 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The Mammalian Tachykinin Ligand-Receptor System: An Emerging Target for Central Neurological Disorders (2010)

Our understanding of the complex signaling neurophysiology of the central nervous system has facilitated the exploration of potential novel receptor-ligand system targets for disorders of this most complex organ. In recent years, many relatively neglected receptor-ligand systems have been re-evaluated with respect to their ability to potently modulate discrete tracts in the central nervous system. One such system is the tachykinin (previously neurokinin) system. The multiple heptahelical G protein-coupled receptors and neuropeptide ligands that comprise this system may be significantly involved in more central nervous systems actions than previously thought, including sleep disorders, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and Machado-Joseph disease. The development of our understanding of the role of the tachykinin receptor-ligand system in higher order central functions is likely to allow the creation of more specific and selective tachykinin-related neurotherapeutics.
Turner Centre, Margate: competition entry (2002)

The innovative use of materials, an inventive approach to gallery lighting and clarity of organisation distinguish this short-listed competition entry for a visual arts facility on a dramatic coastal site. The design philosophy upon which our work is based may be summarized in our attitude towards the origins of a building, light as a primary agent of change, a respect for the nature of construction, the changing states of a building and the memory of other buildings and places.
Training Recurrent Neural Networks by Diffusion (2016)

This work presents a new algorithm for training recurrent neural networks (although ideas are applicable to feedforward networks as well). The algorithm is derived from a theory in nonconvex optimization related to the diffusion equation. The contributions made in this work are two fold. First, we show how some seemingly disconnected mechanisms used in deep learning such as smart initialization, annealed learning rate, layerwise pretraining, and noise injection (as done in dropout and SGD) arise naturally and automatically from this framework, without manually crafting them into the algorithms. Second, we present some preliminary results on comparing the proposed method against SGD. It turns out that the new algorithm can achieve similar level of generalization accuracy of SGD in much fewer number of epochs.
Coherence properties of a doubly resonant monolithic optical parametric oscillator (1990)

We describe a doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator (DRO) pumped with the second harmonic of a narrow-linewidth Nd: YAG laser. The linewidth of the DRO signal was less than 13 kHz, the DRO was shown to generate a phase-locked subharmonic of the pump at degeneracy, and the signal and the idler were shown to be mutually coherent with the pump and to be phase anticorrelated with each other away from degeneracy. The signal–idler heterodyne linewidth was 500 Hz, and pump phase modulation was shown to transfer to the DRO phase at degeneracy.
Aging, telomeres, and atherosclerosis (2004)

Although the level and pace of population aging display high geographical variability, virtually all countries have been experiencing growth in their elderly population, particularly in developed nations. Because aging is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and associated disease, it is of up most importance to unravel the molecular mechanisms involved in vascular aging. Telomeres are specialized DNA-protein structures located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes whose length is progressively reduced in most somatic cells during aging. It is accepted that telomere exhaustion contributes to organismal ageing at least by impairing cell proliferation and viability. An emerging question is whether telomere erosion contributes to atherosclerosis. Here we discuss recent advances on the molecular control of telomere length in vascular cells, as well as animal and human studies that address the role of telomeres in vascular pathobiology. Although the interrelationships between telomere length and cardiovascular disease appear obvious, a chief question that remains unanswered is whether telomere ablation is cause of vascular injury or a surrogate phenomenon.
Finite Automata Implementations Considering CPU Cache (2007)

The finite automata are mathematical models for finite state systems. More general finite automaton is the nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA) that cannot be directly used. It is usually transformed to the deterministic finite automaton (DFA) that then runs in time O(n), where n is the size of the input text. We present two main approaches to practical implementation of DFA considering CPU cache. The first approach (represented by Table Driven and Hard Coded implementations) is suitable forautomata being run very frequently, typically having cycles. The other approach is suitable for a collection of automata from which various automata are retrieved and then run. This second kind of automata are expected to be cycle-free.
The role of fatty acid biosynthesis and degradation in the supply of substrates for poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) formation in<i>Pseudomonas putida</i> (1992)

The relationship between fatty acid metabolism and PHA biosynthesis in P. putida is described.Detailed 1H and ~3C NMR studies were performed to investigate the structures of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) formed from carbohydrates and fatty acids.On the basis of these results, it is proposed that during growth on glucose the 3-hydroxyacyl-acyl carrier protein intermediates of the de novo fatty acid biosynthetic pathway are diverted to PHA biosynthesis.Similarly, further evidence is presented that during cultivation on fatty acids, intermediates of the /3-oxidation cycle serve as precursors of PHA biosynthesis.
On domain similarity and effectiveness of adapting-to-rank (2009)

Adapting to rank address the problem of insufficient domain-specific labeled training data in learning to rank. However, the initial study shows that adaptation is not always effective. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the domain similarity and the effectiveness of domain adaptation with the help of two domain similarity measure: relevance correlation and sample distribution correlation.
Using Mobilize Power Management IP for Dynamic &amp; Static Power Reduction in SoC at 130 nm (2005)

At 130 nm and 90 nm, power consumption (both dynamic and static) has become a barrier in the roadmap for SoC designs targeting battery powered, mobile applications. This paper presents the results of dynamic and static power reduction achieved implementing Tensilica's 32-bit Xtensa microprocessor core, using Virtual Silicon's Power Management IP. Independent voltage islands are created using Virtual Silicon's VIP PowerSaver standard cells by using voltage level shifting cells and voltage isolation cells to implement power islands. The VIP PowerSaver standard cells are characterized at 1.2V, 1.0V and 0.8V, to accommodate voltage scaling. Power islands can also be turned off completely. Designers can significantly lower both the dynamic power and the quiescent or leakage power of their SoC designs, with very little impact on speed or area using Virtual Silicon's VIP Gate Bias standard cells.
A Property-Based Attestation Scheme with the Variable Privacy (2011)

The binary attestation mechanism is a basic remote attestation way for Trusted Platform Module (TPM) in Trusted Computing Group (TCG) specification. To improve the security and complexity of the binary attestation, the concept of property-based attestation (PBA) has been proposed by convincing the remote verifier that the platform satisfies the security properties without exposure of the configuration privacy. The existing PBA schemes have the disadvantage of the complex property revocations. To overcome this problem, we propose a simplified property based attestation model on the online TTP in this paper. During the attestation the prover attests the platform configuration property as well as the validation of the property certificate without verifying the property revocation. More concretely it presents a property based attestation protocol with variable privacy, which is provable security under the q-SDH assumption, discrete logarithm problem and the perfect hidden property of the commitment. We conduct the experiment to evaluate efficiency of our scheme in final. The experiment shows that the privacy parameter does not have the significant impacts on the performance, and we can adjust the parameter to make a trade-off between the performance and privacy.
<title>Atomic force microscopy at ultrasonic frequencies</title> (2002)

Dynamic Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) modes, where the cantilever is vibrated while the sample surface or tip is scanned, belong to the standard features of most commercial instruments. With these techniques images can be obtained the contrast of which depend on the elasticity of the sample surface. Quantitative determination of Young's modulus of a sample surface with AFM is a challenge, especially when stiff materials such as hard metals or ceramics are encountered. The evaluation of the cantilever vibration spectra at ultrasonic frequencies provides a way to discern local elastic data quantitatively using the flexural vibration modes. Nanocrystalline magnetic materials, multi- domain piezoelectric materials, polymeric materials, diamond-like carbon layers, silicon, and soft clay have been examined. Images obtained at the contact resonance frequencies are presented whose contrast is based on the elastic differences of the surface structure of the various materials examined. The spatial resolution is approximately 10 nm. Applying an electrical ac-field between the tip and the surface of a piezoelectric sample, images can be generated whose contrast is additionally influenced by the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the sample. Furthermore, we present a new approach for studying friction and the stick-slip phenomenon using the torsional resonances of AFM cantilevers.
Speckle interferometry with temporal phase evaluation: influence of decorrelation, speckle size, and nonlinearity of the camera (1999)

Recently, a new method to measure object shape and deformation with temporal evolution of speckles in speckle interferometry was reported. In this method, certain parameters, sensitive to shape or deformation are changed continuously, and the fluctuations in the irradiance of each speckle is recorded. The information over the whole object deformation is retrieved by Fourier-transformation techniques. We present a detailed theory and analyze the influence of decorrelation due to longitudinal and lateral size of the speckles. It is also shown that the method can be used to measure small deformations (less than 5 microm) with higher resolution. Further, the nonlinearity of the camera is shown to enhance the sensitivity.
Wiring of metallized microtubules by electron beam-induced structuring (1999)

Molecular electronics emerge as a possibility to continue the miniaturization of electronic circuits down to the lower nanometre scale. One significant challenge is the electrical connection of molecular devices by nanowires. We present here the realization of a new approach for the wiring of nanostructures by linking metallized microtubules (MTs) to prestructured microelectrodes. MTs (tube-like protein structures) were metallized and deposited on microstructured substrates. Electron beam-induced deposition was used for structuring connecting gold lines as nanoelectrodes, which wire a single MT to microelectrodes created by photolithography. Initial electrical measurements confirmed the suitability of the set-up for linking nanometre-scale structures to a measurement device. A metallized MT yielded a resistance below 50 over the length of 1 µm.
<i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex infection in kidney transplant patients (2005)

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infections have been reported rarely in renal transplant patients. Consequently the clinical course and optimal treatment of these patients are not well understood. We present 3 patients with MAC infections after receiving a renal transplant (2 with generalized and 1 with localized infection). All patients were treated with combination antibiotic therapy and reduction of immunosuppression. One patient experienced clinical control of disease but a mild cellular rejection that was successfully treated with high-dose corticosteroids. One patient died of disseminated MAC infection. The patient with localized infection died of unrelated causes. In summary, MAC infection, although rare in renal transplant patients, may respond to combination antimicrobial therapy and reduction of immunosuppression.
[Association of subdural hematoma and middle fossa arachnoid cyst: report of 3 cases and a review]. (1987)

Three cases of arachnoid cyst of the middle fossa associated with subdural hematoma were briefly reported. In all three cases diagnosis was confirmed by CT scan and operation. A review of the literature found reports of 21 similar cases with adequate descriptions of clinical and radiological data for analysis. Of a total of 24 such cases including our 3 patients (Group B in Table 2), 21 were male and only 3 were female. The arachnoid cyst was found on the left side in 18, on the right side in 5 and bilaterally in the remaining one. Thirteen patients were in age 11 through 20. When compared Group B with Group A comprising 153 cases of arachnoid cyst of the middle fossa irrespective of presence or absence of associated subdural hematoma, such an association was seen most frequently in the male teenagers, probably reflecting the higher incidence of head injuries.
Diamond color grading based on machine vision (2009)

This paper presents an effective method for diamond color grading based on machine vision. In order to acquire satisfactory diamond images, a special light source based on an integrating sphere is employed. After compensating the fluctuation of the light source, the compositive color features, including independent and joint distribution features of Hue and Saturation, are extracted in segmented uniform regions. Then, depending on a trained BP Neural Network, diamonds can be graded by color. Experiment results show that the proposed method can reach a satisfactory accuracy to replace manual grading for real diamonds. The proposed method can also be used to classify other objects by small color difference.