gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bronchodilator, Cardiovascular, and Cyclic Guanylyl Monophosphate Response to High-dose Infused Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Asthma (1993)

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has bronchodilator and vasodilator properties thought to be mediated through the generation of cyclic guanylyl monophosphate (cGMP). The current study was designed to examine the effects of infused ANP on respiratory (FEV1), cardiovascular (blood pressure and pulse), and metabolic (plasma cGMP) function in asthmatic patients. Eight patients with a mean +/- SD age of 45.6 +/- 8.2 yr and mean FEV1 of 56.4 +/- 15.4% of predicted were studied using a randomized double-blind crossover design. On one study day after baseline measurements (FEV1, blood pressure, pulse, and plasma cGMP), ANP was infused for 20-min periods at 5 pmol/kg/min and at 25 pmol/kg/min; a placebo (saline) inhalation was then administered. On the other day the placebo infusion was followed by inhalation of 5 mg albuterol. Measurements were repeated at the end of each 20-min period. The highest rate of ANP infusion increased the FEV1 by 0.50 +/- 0.09 L compared with 0.09 +/- 0.05 after the placebo infusion (p < 0.001). The increase in FEV1 produced by ANP plus placebo inhalation (0.50 +/- 0.28 L) was similar to that produced by placebo infusion plus albuterol inhalation (0.61 +/- 0.30 L). There was no clinically significant fall in systolic or diastolic blood pressure (torr) at the 25 pmol/kg/min infusion rate. The mean basal cGMP was 602 +/- 242 fmol/ml and increased to 5,883 +/- 1,460 and 21,182 +/- 2,509 with the two rates of ANP infusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
New insights on the use of desipramine as an inhibitor for acid ceramidase (2006)

Treatment of different cancer cell lines with desipramine induced a time- and dose-dependent downregulation of acid ceramidase. Desipramine's effect on acid ceramidase appeared specific for amphiphilic agents (desipramine, chlorpromazine, and chloroquine) but not other lysomotropic agents such as ammonium chloride and bafilomycin A1, and was not transcriptionally regulated. The cathepsin B/L inhibitor, CA074ME, but not the cathepsin D inhibitor, pepstatin A, blocked desipramine's effect on acid ceramidase. Desipramine led to a more pronounced downregulation of sphingosine compared to ceramide suggesting acid ceramidase inhibition is important to desipramine's mechanism of action. This study reveals a new mechanism of action for desipramine.
Aggregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Human Salivary Secretions (1993)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) is generally transmitted by parenteral contact with infected body secretions. Although extensive epidemiological data and familial studies have failed to provide any conclusive data that saliva may act as a vehicle for transmission of AIDS, both professional and public anxieties remain. The present study, as well as others, suggests that salivary secretions may act as inhibitors of HIV-1 replication in vitro. In our study, the inhibitory activity was determined to be associated mainly with secretions obtained from the human submandibular-sublingual glands. Human submandibular-sublingual (HSMSL) and parotid (HPS) salivas were collected and tested for their ability to modulate the replication of HIV-1, using a plaque assay on HeLa/CD4+ cell monolayers. Initial results examining freshly collected salivary samples from ten individuals confirmed the results previously obtained by Fox et al. (1988, 1989). An average plaque reduction of approximately 66% was obtained with HSMSL, in contrast to 34% reduction obtained with HPS. Titration of the inhibitory activity in HSMSL showed detectable levels at a 1:500 dilution. Comparison of inhibitory activity of dialyzed and lyophilized saliva to fresh saliva indicated little difference between the two samples when filtration occurred after the addition of HIV-1. However, the effect of filtration was significantly diminished in the lyophilized samples. Electron microscopic examination of the saliva-HIV incubates revealed the aggregation/entrapment of virus particles by salivary components. These results suggest that human salivary secretions (with HSMSL > HPS) may have a role in modulating the infectivity of HIV-1.
Consultancy Roles (1994)

No two consultancy assignments are the same, even if they fall within the same technical area. The major factors contributing to this uniqueness are situational differences, including client needs. In order to master such diversity, consultants have to be trained to recognise client needs and expectations and the forces impinging upon their client’s behaviour, and be able to respond appropriately. Models of consultancy roles can serve as useful aids when training individuals to display the competences (i.e. the knowledge and skills) we associate with the effective consultant.
Fluconazole plus Cyclosporine: a Fungicidal Combination Effective against Experimental Endocarditis Due to <i>Candida albicans</i> (2000)

Recent observations demonstrated that fluconazole plus cyclosporine (Cy) synergistically killed Candida albicans in vitro. This combination was tested in rats with C. albicans experimental endocarditis. The MICs of fluconazole and Cy for the test organism were 0.25 and >10 mg/liter, respectively. Rats were treated for 5 days with either Cy, amphotericin B, fluconazole, or fluconazole-Cy. Although used at high doses, the peak concentrations of fluconazole in the serum of rats (up to 4.5 mg/liter) were compatible with high-dose fluconazole therapy in humans. On the other hand, Cy concentrations in serum (up to 4.5 mg/liter) were greater than recommended therapeutic levels. Untreated rats demonstrated massive pseudohyphal growth in both the vegetations and the kidneys. However, only the kidneys displayed concomitant polymorphonuclear infiltration. The therapeutic results reflected this dissociation. In the vegetations, only the fungicidal fluconazole-Cy combination significantly decreased fungal densities compared to all groups, including amphotericin B (P < 0.0001). In the kidneys, all regimens except the Cy regimen were effective, but fluconazole-Cy remained superior to amphotericin B and fluconazole alone in sterilizing the organs (P < 0.0001). While the mechanism responsible for the fluconazole-Cy interaction is hypothetical, this observation opens new perspectives for fungicidal combinations between azoles and other drugs.
A Dynamic Network Bandwidth Allocation Mechanism under Network QoS Constraints (2015)

A virtualized cloud platform may host several cloud services/applications simultaneously. Each hosted cloud service usually runs on a virtual cluster, consisting of several virtual machines (VMs) with a virtual network. In many cases, the virtual clusters share the overall physical network bandwidth. Thus, the quality of the cloud services sharing the same physical networks can be seriously affected when one of the cloud services produces a high traffic load. In this paper, we propose a mechanism to solve the mentioned issue. The proposed mechanism utilizes a logically centralized QoS controller to allocate network bandwidth to virtual clusters dynamically. The QoS controller uses a monitor to continuously gather network usage of each VM, and calculates the bandwidth consumption in the granule of virtual clusters. A Rate Limiter is bundled to each physical machine for triggering bandwidth re-distribution. The proposed mechanism is implemented on the OpenStack-based cloud platform, SAMEVED, which is developed to support on-line network security experiments. We implemented several network bandwidth re-distribution strategies on the proposed mechanism. We emulate the real network flows in the platform, and the experiment results show that, the proposed approach can effectively reduce nearly one third of packet loss rate when running a video streaming service in a high network traffic scenario.
The design and operation of public-key cryptosystems (1979)

Recently, there has been a major advance in the area of communications security - that of a practical way to implement public-key cryptosystems (PKCS). In this article, they discussed the advantages that could be obtained from an algorithm which allowed the implementation of PKCS. They did not, however, suggest a specific algorithm. Such an algorithm was first published in April 1977 by Profs. Ronald Rivest, Adi Shamir and Len Adleman of MIT. This algorithm (the RSA algorithm) is based on the computational difficulty of factoring large numbers. This paper focuses on the use of that algorithm in particular.
Multiple myeloma phosphotyrosine proteomic profile associated with FGFR3 expression, ligand activation, and drug inhibition (2009)

Signaling by growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases is manifest through networks of proteins that are substrates and/or bind to the activated receptors. FGF receptor-3 (FGFR3) is a drug target in a subset of human multiple myelomas (MM) and is mutationally activated in some cervical and colon and many bladder cancers and in certain skeletal dysplasias. To define the FGFR3 network in multiple myeloma, mass spectrometry was used to identify and quantify phosphotyrosine (pY) sites modulated by FGFR3 activation and inhibition in myeloma-derived KMS11 cells. Label-free quantification of peptide ion currents indicated the activation of FGFR3 by phosphorylation of tandem tyrosines in the kinase domain activation loop when cellular pY phosphatases were inhibited by pervanadate. Among the 175 proteins that accumulated pY in response to pervanadate was a subset of 52 including FGFR3 that contained a total of 61 pY sites that were sensitive to inhibition by the FGFR3 inhibitor PD173074. The FGFR3 isoform containing the tandem pY motif in its activation loop was targeted by PD173074. Forty of the drug-sensitive pY sites, including two located within the 35-residue cytoplasmic domain of the transmembrane growth factor binding proteoglycan (and multiple myeloma biomarker) Syndecan-1/CD138, were also stimulated in cells treated with the ligand FGF1, providing additional validation of their link to FGFR3. The identification of these overlapping sets of co-modulated tyrosine phosphorylations presents an outline of an FGFR3 network in the MM model and demonstrates the potential for pharmacodynamic monitoring by label-free quantitative phospho-proteomics.
Bone marrow dosimetry using blood-based models for radiolabeled antibody therapy: a multiinstitutional comparison. (2004)

The independent use of the AAPM/Sgouros method blood model approach to marrow dosimetry has brought these dose estimates to within 30% of the results obtained centrally compared with substantially higher uncertainties reported previously. Variations in calculation methodology or initial assumptions adopted by individual institutions may still contribute significant uncertainty to dose estimates, even when the same data are used as a starting point for the calculation comparison shown here. A clinically relevant, standard method for marrow dosimetry for radiolabeled antibodies is proposed as a benchmark for intercomparison purposes. A parameter sensitivity analysis and a summary discussion of the use of this model for potentially improving dose-response data correlation are also presented.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor contributes to ethanol-induced liver injury by mediating cell injury, steatohepatitis, and steatosis (2012)

Taken together, these data indicate that MIF is an important mediator in the regulation of chemokine production and immune cell infiltration in the liver during ethanol feeding and promotes ethanol-induced steatosis and hepatocyte damage.
Experimental and Analytical Study of Heating in RF Accelerator Windows (1997)

Radio Frequency (RF) windows are one of the most likely places for a failure to occur in input power couplers for accelerators. In order to gain a better understanding of the failure mechanism of RF windows, bulk heating from electric fields in the window was examined both experimentally and analytically. Experiments were performed to measure the heating in the RF window using an infrared imaging camera. The tests used varying duty factors, from 0.2% to 0.6%, and varying average power, from 600 Watts to 6000 Watts. An analytical model was built to predict the temperatures of the RF window. The electromagnetic solution was obtained using an electromagnetic finite element code called High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). A FORTRAN program was developed as a translator between the electromagnetic code and the thermal code, and then ABAQUS, a finite element thermal structural code, was used to determine the temperatures of the RF window. The experimental temperature increase vs. power was correlated with the analytical results. The experimentally observed heating was greater than the predictions of the analytical model.
Mercapturic Acid Conjugates as Urinary End Metabolites of the Lipid Peroxidation Product 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal in the Rat (1995)

4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), an aldehyde end product of lipid peroxidation in biological systems, is capable of producing a range of powerful biological effects. Despite its biological relevance, the metabolic fate of this aldehyde is unknown in vivo. This study examines the urinary excretion of HNE in the rat and the nature of metabolites formed. Following iv administration of [3H]HNE, the majority of the dose appeared in urine (67.1% after 48 h). The radio-HPLC metabolic profile showed that no unchanged parent compound was detected in urine whereas at least four metabolites were present, most of them corresponding to mercapturic acid conjugates. Two major pathways were involved in the biotransformation of HNE in vivo: (i) reduction/oxidation of the aldehyde group, and (ii) conjugation to endogenous glutathione leading to mercapturic acid conjugates in urine. These end products were isolated by HPLC and identified by mass spectrometry as HNE mercapturic acid, 1,4-dihydroxynonene mercapturic acid, 4-hydroxynonenoic mercapturic acid, and the corresponding lactone.
Deep reactive ion etching for lateral field emission devices (2000)

The authors describe the design, fabrication and testing of lateral field emission diodes utilizing the deep reactive ion etch (DRIE). Devices were fabricated on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers of varied thickness, by etching the device silicon in the STS DRIE system in a single mask process. After subsequent oxidation sharpening and oxide removal, diodes were tested on a probing station under vacuum. A typical diode exhibited very high currents on the order of /spl sim/100 μA at 60 V, and turn-on voltage between 35 V and 40 V. The high electron current is emitted in such a diode by multiple sharp tips vertically spaced by 450 nm along the etched sidewall due to the pulsed nature of the DRIE process.
Reflexións sobre a tradución de María Mariño Carou ao inglés (2006)

Neste traballo faise unha analise das estratexias linguisticas e culturais para a traducion ao ingles da poesia de Maria Marino Carou. O proceso de traducion e as solucions finais en canto aos termos vinculados a cultura baseanse nas teorias de Lawrence Venti e outros que elixen crear un texto estranxeirado en vez dun texto domesticado. Os exemplos dos poemas mais curtos de Marino Carou consideran tamen as limitacions ou as esixencias que a lonxitude e a concision poetica dan ao tradutor. Polo tanto, a decision de deixar algunhas palabras en galego na version inglesa e a consecuencia da decision de amosar a fidelidade ao orixinal e, ao mesmo tempo, de ofrecer outras formas de representar as complexas orixes galegas dos poemas.
Optimization of a Pressure-Swing Adsorption Process Using Zeolite 13X for CO<sub>2</sub> Sequestration (2002)

A pressure-swing adsorption process, which uses zeolite 13X as an adsorbent to recover and sequester carbon dioxide from mixture gas (nitrogen and carbon dioxide), is investigated through dynamic simulation and optimization. The purpose of this paper is to improve the purity of each component by finding optimal values of decision variables with a given power constraint. Langmuir isotherm parameters are calculated from experimental data of zeolite 13X and a general mathematical model consisting of a set of partial differential and algebraic equations and solved in gPROMS. The method of centered finite differences is adopted for the discretization of the spatial domains, and a reduced space SQP method is used for the optimization. As a result, the optimal conditions at cyclic steady state are obtained.
Evidence of an increased pathogenic footprint in the lingual microbiome of untreated HIV infected patients (2012)

Our findings provide novel insights into the potential impact of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy on the community structure of the oral microbiome, and implicate potential mechanisms that may increase the capacity of non-commensal species to gain a stronger foothold.
A microcomputer implementation of an ER query and update interface (1993)

Several query languages have been proposed in which users graphically manipulate Entity-Relationship (ER) diagrams to formulate queries. In this paper we present a method of implementing an ER query and update language as an interface for a relational Database Management System. The approach is based on interactive manipulation of ER database schemas and generation of SQL expressions for an underlying relational database. The graphical query and update formulation process is formally defined. We assume that the information reflecting the current state of the query and update formulation process is maintained in a formal model. The model described in other publications is significantly modified and extended. The information included in the extended model allows an ER diagram corresponding to the current state of the query to be displayed on the terminal screen. It is also used to generate an equivalent SQL expression for a relational database. The integrity constraints for the formal model are specified.
The acylation of 2‐picoline‐N‐oxide and 2,6‐lutidine N‐oxide (1964)

Abstract 2‐Picoline N‐oxide and 2,6‐Lutidine N‐oxide have been acylated in good to high yields by reaction with a series of aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic esters using sodium amide in liquid ammonia as the condesing agent.
A Hardened-by-Design Technique for RF Digital Phase-Locked Loops (2006)

A RHBD topology for digital phase-locked loops (DPLLs) has been developed for single-event transient (SET) mitigation. By replacing the vulnerable current-based charge pump with a SET-resistant tri-state voltage-switching charge pump and a low-pass filter, the DPLL single-event susceptibility was considerably reduced, while simultaneously decreasing the lock-in time of the DPLL. The design results in a decreased area requirement with minimal impacts on phase jitter and power consumption. Furthermore, the design eliminates the charge pump as the most vulnerable module and significantly hardens the DPLL
In‐Depth Studies on Rapid Photochemical Activation of Various Sol–Gel Metal Oxide Films for Flexible Transparent Electronics (2015)

Despite intensive research on photochemical activation of sol–gel metal oxide materials, the relatively long processing time and lack of deep understanding of the underlying chemical courses have limited their broader impact on diverse materials and applications such as thin‐film electronics, photovoltaics, and catalysts. Here, in‐depth studies on the rapid photochemical activation of diverse sol–gel oxide films using various spectroscopic and electrical investigations for the underlying physicochemical mechanism are reported. Based on the exhaustive chemical and physical analysis, it is noted that deep ultraviolet‐promoted rapid film formation such as densification, polycondensation, and impurity decomposition is possible within 5 min via in situ radical‐mediated reactions. Finally, the rapid fabrication of all‐solution metal oxide thin‐film‐transistor circuitry, which exhibits stable and reliable electrical performance with a mobility of >12 cm 2 V −1 s −1 and an oscillation frequency of >650 kHz in 7‐stage ring oscillator even after bending at a radius of <1 mm is demonstrated.
NeuCoin: the First Secure, Cost-efficient and Decentralized Cryptocurrency (2015)

NeuCoin is a decentralized peer-to-peer cryptocurrency derived from Sunny King's Peercoin, which itself was derived from Satoshi Nakamoto's Bitcoin. As with Peercoin, proof-of-stake replaces proof-of-work as NeuCoin's security model, effectively replacing the operating costs of Bitcoin miners (electricity, computers) with the capital costs of holding the currency. Proof-of-stake also avoids proof-of-work's inherent tendency towards centralization resulting from competition for coinbase rewards among miners based on lowest cost electricity and hash power. NeuCoin increases security relative to Peercoin and other existing proof-of-stake currencies in numerous ways, including: (1) incentivizing nodes to continuously stake coins over time through substantially higher mining rewards and lower minimum stake age; (2) abandoning the use of coin age in the mining formula; (3) causing the stake modifier parameter to change over time for each stake; and (4) utilizing a client that punishes nodes that attempt to mine on multiple branches with duplicate stakes. This paper demonstrates how NeuCoin's proof-of-stake implementation addresses all commonly raised "nothing at stake" objections to generic proof-of-stake systems. It also reviews many of the flaws of proof-of-work designs to highlight the potential for an alternate cryptocurrency that solves these flaws.
Band alignment of a HfO2-VO2-HfO2 confined well structure on silicon (2013)

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is a narrow band gap material that undergoes a metal-insulator phase transition at ∼343 K with evidence of an electric-field induced transition at T &lt; 343 K. In this study, a sandwich-type dielectric structure is prepared consisting of two ∼1.5 nm hafnium oxide (HfO2) layers with a ∼1.0 nm VO2 interlayer grown on an oxidized n-type silicon substrate. The electronic properties of the sample were characterized by in-situ x-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy after each layer was deposited. The band alignment was analyzed after each growth step. The SiO2/HfO2 interface valence band offset is found to be 0.7 eV, and the HfO2/VO2 interface valence band offset is determined to be 3.4 eV.
The Steric Effect of Methylene Groups. VII (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Steric Effect of Methylene Groups. VIIStuart W. Fenton, Arthur E. DeWald, and R. T. ArnoldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 4, 979–984Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01609a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01609a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views206Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts