gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection by ELISA of low numbers of Shiga-like toxin-producing Escherichia coli in mixed cultures after growth in the presence of mitomycin C (1992)

Techniques currently available to detect Shiga-like toxin (SLT)-producing Escherichia coli lack sensitivity or require specialised equipment and facilities, and in some cases detect only strains belonging to serotype O157. We have used an ELISA technique, capable of detecting both SLTI and SLTII with crude P1 glycoprotein from hydatid cysts, in combination with enhancement of toxin production by culture with mitomycin C. Supernates of Tryptone Soya Broth cultures containing mitomycin C 200 ng/ml were tested for SLTII. For SLTI, cell lysates pre-treated with polymyxin B were tested. In tests with E. coli O157:H7 in mixed culture with E. coli strain C600 alone, or with E. coli C600, Proteus mirabilis and Enterococcus faecalis, SLTI could be detected when the proportion of toxigenic organisms represented 1% of the mixture, and SLTII when the proportion was 0.025%. When faecal samples with added E. coli O157:H7 were examined in this system, SLTII-producing strains were detected when they comprised less than 0.1% of the coliform population. This technique is a sensitive and specific assay for detecting low numbers of SLT-producing organisms in mixed culture such as occurs in cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome and haemorrhagic colitis.
Image reconstruction using a gradient impulse response model for trajectory prediction (2015)

Model-based trajectory prediction enables high-quality image reconstruction for technically challenging sequences such as single-shot EPI and spiral imaging. It thus holds great promise for fast structural imaging and advanced neuroimaging techniques, including functional MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, and arterial spin labeling. The method can be based on a one-time system characterization as demonstrated by successful use of 3-year-old calibration data. Magn Reson Med 76:45-58, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The significance of nullators, norators and nullors in active-network theory (1967)

Although proposed in 1961, the nullator and norator have not been widely used or understood. At first sight these elements appear rather remote from reality, and in this paper an attempt is made to relate them to some practical devices. It is suggested that a nullator-norator pair (nullor) may be regarded as a reasonable idealization of a number of physical devices, but that the nullator and norator, considered individually, cannot be so regarded, and are not physically meaningful.‘Controlled-source’ behaviour can usefully be represented by nullors in conjunction with passive two-terminal elements, and by generalization of the nodal and loop methods of analysis to deal with networks containing nullors, this can result in significant simplification in the analysis of some active networks. Topological methods of solution may also be used.It is concluded that there are no outstanding difficulties involved in incorporating the nullor into the framework of conventional network theory, and that nullors may be useful in the analysis of practical active networks.
Direct integration of micro-LEDs and a SPAD detector on a silicon CMOS chip for data communications and time-of-flight ranging (2020)

We present integration of singulated micron-sized light emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) directly onto a silicon CMOS drive chip using a transfer printing method. An 8x8 micro-LED device array with individual control over each pixel is demonstrated with modulation bandwidths up to 50 MHz, limited by the large modulation depth of the driver chip. The 2 kHz frame rate CMOS driver also incorporates a Single Photon Avalanche Diode device thus allowing detection and transmission functionality on a single integrated chip. Visible light communications at data rates up to 1 Mbps, and time-of-flight ranging with cm-scale resolution are demonstrated using this hybrid integrated system.
Solubility reduction of enamel, dentin and root surfaces by NaF and SnF2. (1978)

Commissioner Roosevelt is very busy and describes his reform work with the New York Police Department. Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt doesn't enjoy living in New York City and one of the Roosevelt children is ill with diphtheria.
Relationship between temporal changes in cardiac parasympathetic activity and motion sickness severity (2003)

Chemotherapy-induced nausea has been associated with a time-related decrease in cardiac parasympathetic activity. We tested the hypothesis that a time-related decrease in cardiac parasympathetic activity would also be associated with nausea and other motion sickness symptoms during illusory self-motion (vection). Fifty-nine participants (aged 18-34 years: 25 male) were exposed to a rotating optokinetic drum to induce vection. Symptoms of motion sickness and an estimate of cardiac parasympathetic activity (respiratory sinus arrhythmia; RSA) were obtained at baseline and throughout a drum-rotation period. As expected, motion sickness symptoms increased and RSA decreased over time during drum rotation. Moreover, greater decreases in RSA over time correlated with greater motion sickness severity. These results suggest that a time-related decrease in cardiac parasympathetic activity may be an important correlate of nausea and motion sickness across different evocative contexts.
Iron speciation in soils and soil aggregates by synchrotron‐based X‐ray microspectroscopy (XANES, <i>μ</i> ‐XANES) (2007)

Summary Iron speciation in soils is still poorly understood. We have investigated inorganic and organic standard substances, diluted mixtures of common Fe minerals in soils (pyrite, ferrihydrite, goethite), soils in a forested watershed which constitute a toposequence with a hydrological gradient (Dystric Cambisol, Dystric Planosol, Rheic Histosol), and microsites of a dissected soil aggregate by X‐ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) at the iron K ‐edge (7112 eV) to identify different Fe(II) and Fe(III) components. We calculated the pre‐edge peak centroid energy of all spectra and quantified the contribution of different organic and inorganic Fe‐bearing compounds by Linear Combination Fitting (LCF) conducted on the entire spectrum (E = 7085–7240 eV) and on the pre‐edge peak. Fe‐XANES conducted on organic and inorganic standards and on synthetic mixtures of pyrite, ferrihydrite and goethite showed that by calculating the pre‐edge peak centroid energy, the Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio of different Fe‐bearing minerals (Fe sulphides, Fe oxyhydroxides) in mineral mixtures and soils can be quantified with reasonable accuracy. A more accurate quantification of the Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio was possible with LCF conducted on the entire XANES spectrum. For the soil toposequence, an increased groundwater influence from the Cambisol to the Histosol was reflected in a larger contribution of Fe(II) compounds (Fe(II) silicate, Fe monosulphide, pyrite) and a smaller contribution of Fe(III) oxyhydroxides (ferrihydrite, goethite) to total iron both in the topsoil and the subsoil. In the organic topsoils, organically bonded Fe (33–45% of total Fe) was 100% Fe(III). For different microsites in the dissected aggregate, spatial resolution of μ ‐XANES revealed different proportions of Fe(II) and Fe(III) compounds. Fe K ‐edge XANES and μ ‐XANES allows an approximate quantification of Fe(II) and Fe(III) and different Fe compounds in soils and (sub)micron regions of soil sections, such as mottles, concretions, and rhizosphere regions, thus opening new perspectives in soil research.
Use of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Physiologic Monitor for Intra-abdominal Hypertension (2008)

NIRS of the AW appears safe. NIRS measurement of changes in HbO2 appears to be associated with DeltaIAP, and warrant further study in greater numbers of ICU patients with more frequent IAP readings, over longer periods of critical illness.
Delay-Tolerant Distributed-TAST Codes for Cooperative Diversity (2007)

In cooperative networks using a decode-and-forward strategy, the multiple relays effectively transmit a distributed space-time code, the performance of which can be severely degraded when timing synchronization among the relays is not assured (e.g., in cases of broadcast to dispersed recipients or in networks without a shared, high-quality timing reference). Recent work by Xia and Hammons have investigated the design of distributed space-time codes that are delay tolerant, in the sense that full spatial diversity is achieved regardless of timing offsets. In general, the previously known space-time block codes belonging to the class of C-linear codes, however, which are important because they achieve full spatial diversity and admit near-optimal lattice decoding algorithms, are not delay tolerant. In this paper, we present a new family of such codes that are fully delay tolerant. The new codes generalize the threaded algebraic space-time (TAST) codes introduced by El Gamal and Damen. Like their brethren, the new distributed-TAST codes are effective and flexible, enabling use of different signaling constellations, transmission rates, numbers of transmit and receive antennas, and decoders of varying levels of complexity.
ELISA method for detecting Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite antibody. (1989)

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for circulating IgG mouse antibody to Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite (CS) protein was modified for use with human sera collected in an area of northern Zambia that was endemic for malaria and from individuals never exposed to malaria. Optimum sensitivity was achieved using Immulon 2 microtitration plates, boiled casein-Tween 20 blocking buffer, and by adding a solution of boiled casein (4 micrograms/ml) to the capture antigen diluent. The results for the detection of anti-CS IgG correlated well with those of sporozoite immunofluorescence antibody assays. Modification of the ELISA method permitted the simultaneous detection of anti-CS IgG and IgM antibody on a single serum sample in the same well of the microtitration plate and the detection of anti-CS IgG antibody in Kenyan dried whole-blood samples collected on filter-paper. The assay has been used to monitor human antibody levels in a phase-I malaria vaccine trial and in longitudinal studies of malaria transmission in Thailand and Kenya.
Revenue Management on the Links (2000)

In principle, golf-course operators should be able to take advantage of the time-based strategy of revenue management. To do so, however, requires a revision in the way most golf-course operators traditionally have viewed sales. Many golf courses track item contribution margin, costs, revenue per daypart, or similar operating ratios. A different type of measure, revenue per available tee-time, integrates the duration (elapsed time) of the round as a factor in the revenue calculation. The golf-course industry generally has the requisite conditions for using revenue management successfully: fixed capacity, relatively predictable demand, perishable inventory, cost and pricing structures that allow for some flexibility, and demand that is variable and uncertain. Indeed, certain elements of currentday golf-course practice, such as differential pricing (e.g., late-day specials, seniors' discounts), promoting special events (such as local tournaments on off nights), and managing customer play time carry the seeds of revenue management, but few golf courses have established the necessary strategic approach to assemble those tactics (i.e., duration management and demand-based pricing) into a coherent revenue-management strategy. For example, golf-course operators can make duration more predictable by reducing the uncertainty of when (or whether) customers will arrive and by reducing the variability of the length of the round. Operators can apply differential pricing and logical rate fences to build demand during off-peak periods and to establish appropriate prices for busy periods. This article establishes a framework for an overall revenue-management strategy based on the concept of revenue per available tee-time (stopping short of offering a specific action plan).
An integrated power splitter with ultra-low loss (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. S. Jeong, B. Yoo, and K. Hyun, "An integrated power splitter with ultra-low loss," in Integrated Photonics Research, OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper RTuA6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Modulation of Enzyme Activity in the Kynurenine Pathway by Kynurenine Monooxygenase Inhibition (2019)

The kynurenine pathway is the major route for tryptophan metabolism in mammals. Several of the metabolites in the kynurenine pathway, however, are potentially toxic, particularly 3-hydroxykynurenine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, and quinolinic acid. Quinolinic acid (QUIN) is an excitotoxic agonist at the NMDA receptor, and has been shown to be elevated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease and Huntington's Disease. Thus, inhibitors of enzymes in the kynurenine pathway may be valuable to treat these diseases. Kynurenine monooxygenase (KMO) is the ideal target for an inhibitor, since inhibition of it would be expected to decrease the toxic metabolites and increase kynurenic acid (KynA), which is neuroprotective. The first generation of KMO inhibitors was based on structural analogs of the substrate, L-kynurenine. These compounds showed reduction of QUIN and increased KynA <i>in vivo</i> in rats. After the determination of the x-ray crystal structure of yeast KMO, inhibitor design has been facilitated. Benzisoxazoles with sub-nM binding to KMO have been developed recently. Some KMO ligands promote the reaction of NADPH with O<sub>2</sub> without hydroxylation, resulting in uncoupled formation of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. This potentially toxic side reaction should be avoided in the design of drugs targeting the kynurenine pathway for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
Exploiting Regularity Without Development. (2006)

A major challenge in evolutionary computation is to find the right level of abstraction of biological development to capture its essential properties without introducing unnecessary inefficiencies. In this paper, a novel abstraction of natural development, called Compositional Pattern Producing Networks (CPPNs), is proposed. Unlike most computational abstractions of natural development, CPPNs do not include a developmental phase, differentiating them from developmental encodings. Instead of development, CPPNs employ compositions of functions derived from gradient patterns present in developing natural organisms. In this paper, a variant of the NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT) method, called CPPN-NEAT, evolves increasingly complex CPPNs, producing patterns with strikingly natural characteristics.
Report of the Committee on International Cooperation (1979)

Journal Article Report of the Committee on International Cooperation Get access Barry L Smith, Chairman, Barry L Smith, Chairman Health and Welfare Canada, Tunney’s Pasture, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0L2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Other members: Other members: Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Volume 62, Issue 2, 1 March 1979, Page 437, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/62.2.437 Published: 22 January 2020
Études histologiques sur 1′os temporal de souris ayant subi une hypervitaminose et sur 1′os temporal de souris gravides (Communication prdiminaire) (1940)

(1940). Études histologiques sur 1′os temporal de souris ayant subi une hypervitaminose et sur 1′os temporal de souris gravides (Communication prdiminaire) Acta Oto-Laryngologica: Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 176-180.
A New Method to Align Smectic Liquid Crystals by Photo-Polymerization (1994)

A novel technique to produce planar and homeotropic alignment of smectic liquid crystals is presented. The technique is based on producing an anisotropic polymer network in the bulk by photo-polymerizing a mixture of photoresist material and liquid crystal by linearly polarized UV-light. Both uniform planar alignment and homeotropic alignment can be obtained depending on the curing conditions. In the case of planar alignment, the orientation of liquid crystal molecules is governed by the direction of the polarization vector of the UV-light, thus making it possible to produce a defined azimuthal orientation of the liquid crystal director. This technique obviates the need to give any previous treatment to the bounding substrates.
Redundancy in spatial databases (1989)

Spatial objects other than points and boxes can be stored in spatial indexes, but the techniques usually require the use of approximations that can be arbitrarily bad. This leads to poor performance and highly inaccurate responses to spatial queries. The situation can be improved by storing some objects in the index redundantly. Most spatial indexes permit no flexibility in adjusting the amount of redundancy. Spatial indexes based on z-order permit this flexibility. Accuracy of the query response increases with redundancy, (there is a “diminishing return” effect). Search time, as measured by disk accesses first decreases and then increases with redundancy. There is, therefore, an optimal amount of redundancy (for a given data set). The optimal use of redundancy for z-order is explored through analysis of the z-order search algorithm and through experiments.
Descriptive epidemiology of ovarian cancer in the United States, 1992-1997 (2003)

Ovarian cancer is relatively uncommon, and therefore little has been published to date regarding racial or ethnic variations in the incidence or mortality of this malignancy. As the U.S. population becomes more diverse, the interest in health problems and disparities in outcomes among minority and economically disadvantaged groups will continue to increase. In this supplement, the authors focus on epidemiology, pathology and classification issues, multiple primary tumors, staging, and incidence and mortality for race/ethnic groups. The authors also focused on epidemiologic differences between borderline tumors of low malignant potential and carcinomas.
Length polymorphisms of simple sequence repeat DNA in soybean. (1992)

The objective of this work was to ascertain the presence and degree of simple sequence repeat (SSR) DNA length polymorphism in the soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. A search of GenBank revealed no (CA)n or (GT)n SSRs with n greater than 8 in soybean. In contrast, 5 (AT)n and 1 (ATT)n SSRs with n ranging from 14 to 27 were detected. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers to regions flanking the six SSR loci were used in PCR amplification of DNA from 43 homozygous soybean genotypes. At three loci, amplification produced one PCR product per genotype and revealed 6, 7 and 8 product length variants (alleles) at the three loci, respectively. F1 hybrids between parents carrying different alleles produced two PCR products identical to the two parents. Codominant segregation of alleles among F2 progeny was demonstrated at each locus. A soybean DNA library was screened for the presence of (CA/GT)n SSRs. Sequencing of positive clones revealed that the longest such SSR was (CA)9. Thus, (CA)n SSRs with n of 15 or more are apparently much less common in soybean than in the human genome. In contrast to humans, (CA)n SSRs will probably not provide an abundant source of genetic markers in soybean. However, the apparent abundance of long (AT)n sequences should allow this SSR to serve as a source of highly polymorphic genetic markers in soybean.
Complexes with Fe<sup>III</sup><sub>2</sub>(μ-O)(μ-OH), Fe<sup>III</sup><sub>2</sub>(μ-O)<sub>2</sub>, and [Fe<sup>III</sup><sub>3</sub>(μ<sub>2</sub>-O)<sub>3</sub>] Cores:  Structures, Spectroscopy, and Core Interconversions (1999)

We have synthesized the first complexes with bis(μ-oxo)diiron(III) and (μ-oxo)(μ-hydroxo)diiron(III) cores (1 and 2, L = TPA (a), 5-Et3-TPA (b), 6-Me3-TPA (c), 4,6-Me6-TPA (d), BQPA (e), BPEEN (f), and BPMEN (g)) and found them to have novel structural properties. In particular, the presence of two single-atom bridges in these complexes constrains the Fe−Fe distances to 2.7−3.0 Å and the Fe−μ-O−Fe angles to 100° or smaller. The significantly acute Fe−O−Fe angles (e.g., 92.5(2)° for 1c and 100.2(2)° for 2f) enforced by the Fe2O2(H) core endow these complexes with UV−vis, Raman, and magnetic properties quite distinct from those of other (μ-oxo)diiron(III) complexes. Complex 1c exhibits visible absorption bands at 470 (ε = 560 M-1 cm-1) and 760 nm (ε = 80 M-1 cm-1), while complexes 2 show features at ca. 550 (ε ≈ 800 M-1 cm-1) and ca. 800 nm (ε ≈ 70 M-1 cm-1), all of which are red shifted compared to those of other (μ-oxo)diiron(III) complexes. These complexes also exhibit distinct νFe-O-Fe vibrations at ca. 600 and ca. 670 cm-1 assigned to the νsym and the νasym of the Fe−O−Fe units, respectively. The relative intensities of the νsym and νasym bands are affected by the symmetry of the Fe−O−Fe units; an unsymmetric core enhances the intensity of the νasym. Complexes 2 exhibit another band at ca. 500 cm-1, which is assigned to the Fe−(OH)−Fe stretching mode due to its sensitivity to both H218O and 2H2O. Magnetic susceptibility studies reveal J = 54 cm-1 for 1c and ca. 110 cm-1 for 2 (H = JS1·S2), values smaller than those for the antiferromagnetic interactions found in (μ-oxo)diiron(III) complexes. This weakening arises from the longer Fe−μ-O bonds and the smaller Fe−μ-O−Fe angles in the Fe2O2(H) diamond core structure. These spectroscopic signatures can thus serve as useful tools to ascertain the presence of such core structures in metalloenzyme active sites. These two core structures, Fe2(μ-O)2 (1) and Fe2(μ-O)(μ-OH) (2), can also be interconverted by protonation equilibria with pKa's of 16−18 in CH3CN. Furthermore, the Fe2(μ-O)2 core (1) isomerizes to the Fe3(μ2-O)3 core (7), while the Fe2(μ-O)(μ-OH) core (2) exhibits aquation equilibria to the Fe2(μ-O)(μ-H3O2) core (5), except for L = 6-Me3-TPA and 4,6-Me6-TPA. It is clear from these studies that electronic and steric properties of the ligands significantly affect the various equilibria, demonstrating a rich chemistry involving water-derived ligands alone.
The antimicrobial properties of magnesium monoperoxyphthalate hexahydrate (1984)

The antimicrobial properties of magnesium monoperoxyphthalate hexahydrate (MMPP), which is a stable, water-soluble solid peroxyacid, have been investigated. A 2% (w/w) solution of MMPP rapidly kills yeasts and vegetative bacteria and slowly inactivates bacterial endospores at 22 degrees C. Biocidal activity, which is greater under mildly acidic conditions, is retained in the presence of organic contamination or hard water. Sporicidal action is greatly increased by a moderate rise in temperature or by using MMPP in combination with propan-2-ol. Such mixtures appear to be suitable for use as liquid chemical sterilants.