gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intelligent phishing url detection using association rule mining (2016)

Abstract Phishing is an online criminal act that occurs when a malicious webpage impersonates as legitimate webpage so as to acquire sensitive information from the user. Phishing attack continues to pose a serious risk for web users and annoying threat within the field of electronic commerce. This paper focuses on discerning the significant features that discriminate between legitimate and phishing URLs. These features are then subjected to associative rule mining—apriori and predictive apriori. The rules obtained are interpreted to emphasize the features that are more prevalent in phishing URLs. Analyzing the knowledge accessible on phishing URL and considering confidence as an indicator, the features like transport layer security, unavailability of the top level domain in the URL and keyword within the path portion of the URL were found to be sensible indicators for phishing URL. In addition to this number of slashes in the URL, dot in the host portion of the URL and length of the URL are also the key factors for phishing URL.
Testing neonate-infant membrane oxygenators with the University of Texas neonatal pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass system in vitro (1998)

Neurologic complications are already well documented after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) procedures in neonates and infants. Physiologic pulsatile flow CPB systems may be the alternative to the currently used steady-flow CPB circuits. In addition to the pulsatile pump, a membrane oxygenator should be chosen carefully, because only a few membrane oxygenators are suitable for physiologic pulsatile flow. We have tested four different types of neonate-infant membrane oxygenators for physiologic pulsatility with The University of Texas neonate-infant pulsatile CPB system in vitro. Evaluation criteria were based on mean ejection time, extracorporeal circuit (ECC) pressure, and upstroke of dp/dt. The results suggested that the Capiox 308 hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator produced the best physiologic pulsatile waveform according to the ejection time, ECC pressure, and the upstroke of dp/dt. The Minimax Plus and Masterflo Infant hollow-fibre membrane oxygenators also produced adequate pulsatile flow. Only the Variable Prime Cobe Membrane Lung (VPCML) Plus flat-sheet membrane oxygenator failed to reach the criteria for physiologic pulsatility. Depending on the oxygenator used, the lowest priming volume of the infant CPB circuit was 415 ml and the highest 520 ml.
Parallel SystemC simulation for ESL design using flexible time decoupling (2015)

Engineers of next generation embedded systems heavily rely on virtual platforms as central tools in their design process. Yet, the ever increasing HW/SW complexity degrades the simulation performance of those platforms and threatens their viability as design tools. With multi-core workstations today being widely available, the transition towards parallel simulation technologies seems obvious. Recently published parallel SystemC simulators use time-decoupling to achieve high simulation performance on modern SMP machines. However, those simulators have to identify all cross-thread communication ahead of time. This work presents an approach how to overcome this limitation and to enable time-decoupled simulation for mainstream SystemC simulators, achieving a speedup of up to 3.4× on a quad-core host.
Junctional uvomorulin/E-cadherin and phosphotyrosine-modified protein content are correlated with paracellular permeability in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelia (1994)

Strains I and II of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, which differ markedly in transepithelial resistance (R t ) and paracellular permeability, have been used to investigate whether differences in the cellular content of uvomorulin/E-cadherin and phosphotyrosine may be correlated with junctional properties. Using immunocytochemistry, the strain I “tight” epithelia showed significantly stronger uvomorulin staining at regions of cell-cell contact compared with strain II “leaky” MDCK epithelia. In contrast, strain I MDCK cells showed a relatively faint phosphotyrosine staining, distributed evenly throughout the cytoplasm, while strain II MDCK cells displayed intense staining for phosphotyrosine residues in the junctional region and the lateral cell membrane with additional labelling of the cytoplasm. Exposure to vanadate in conjunction with H2O2 (which are potent inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatases) resulted in a dramatic increase in phosphotyrosine staining at the intercellular area and, concomitantly, induced changes in cell morphology, a significant decrease in R t , increase in paracellular inulin permeability, and time-dependent disappearance of uvomorulin from the cell-cell contact sites. Moreover, the effects of vanadate/H2O2 treatment were more dramatic in strain II compared with strain I cells, consistent with greater generation of tyrosine-modified protein in strain II cells. An inverse relationship was demonstrated between membrane-associated uvomorulin/E-cadherin and cellular phosphotyrosine content, which varied between the two strains of MDCK cells and when phosphotyrosine was directly manipulated. These data support the hypothesis that regulation of paracellular permeability may result from specific tyrosine phosphorylation of protein components of the junctional complex.
A single chicken anemia virus protein induces apoptosis (1994)

Chicken anemia virus (CAV) causes cytopathogenic effects in chicken thymocytes and cultured transformed mononuclear cells via apoptosis. Early after infection of chicken mononuclear cells, the CAV-encoded protein VP3 exhibits a finely granular distribution within the nucleus. At a later stage after infection, VP3 forms aggregates. At this point, the cell becomes apoptotic and the cellular DNA is fragmented and condensed. By immunogold electron microscopy VP3 was shown to be associated with apoptotic structures. In vitro, expression of VP3 induced apoptosis in chicken lymphoblastoid T cells and myeloid cells, which are susceptible to CAV infection, but not in chicken embryo fibroblasts, which are not susceptible to CAV. Expression of a C-terminally truncated VP3 induced much less pronounced apoptosis in the chicken lymphoblastoid T cells.
Adsorption of inert gases including element 118 on noble metal and inert surfaces from <i>ab initio</i> Dirac–Coulomb atomic calculations (2008)

The interaction of the inert gases Rn and element 118 with various surfaces has been studied on the basis of fully relativistic ab initio Dirac-Coulomb CCSD(T) calculations of atomic properties. The calculated polarizability of element 118, 46.3 a.u., is the largest in group 18, the ionization potential is the lowest at 8.91 eV, and the estimated atomic radius is the largest, 4.55 a.u. These extreme values reflect, in addition to the general trends in the Periodic Table, the relativistic expansion and destabilization of the outer valence 7p(3/2) orbital. Van der Waals coefficients C(3) and adsorption enthalpies DeltaH(ads) of Ne through element 118 on noble metals and inert surfaces, such as quartz, ice, Teflon, and graphite, were calculated in a physisorption model using the atomic properties obtained. The C(3) coefficients were shown to steadily increase in group 18, while the increase in DeltaH(ads) from Ne to Rn does not continue to element 118: The large atomic radius of the latter element is responsible for a decrease in the interaction energy. We therefore predict that experimental distinction between Rn and 118 by adsorption on these types of surfaces will not be feasible. A possible candidate for separating the two elements is charcoal; further study is needed to test this possibility.
Task-Driven Feature Pooling for Image Classification (2015)

Feature pooling is an important strategy to achieve high performance in image classification. However, most pooling methods are unsupervised and heuristic. In this paper, we propose a novel task-driven pooling (TDP) model to directly learn the pooled representation from data in a discriminative manner. Different from the traditional methods (e.g., average and max pooling), TDP is an implicit pooling method which elegantly integrates the learning of representations into the given classification task. The optimization of TDP can equalize the similarities between the descriptors and the learned representation, and maximize the classification accuracy. TDP can be combined with the traditional BoW models (coding vectors) or the recent state-of-the-art CNN models (feature maps) to achieve a much better pooled representation. Furthermore, a self-training mechanism is used to generate the TDP representation for a new test image. A multi-task extension of TDP is also proposed to further improve the performance. Experiments on three databases (Flower-17, Indoor-67 and Caltech-101) well validate the effectiveness of our models.
Resists in microlithography and printing (1993)

1. Lithography and Relief Formation and their Technological Applications.Polygraphy and reproduction techniques. Electronics and microelectronics. Contemporary trends of development of lithography and materials lithographic. 2. Physical and Physico-Chemical Principles of Lithographic Techniques and Processes. Light radiation and photolithography. Electron-beam radiation and electron-beam lithography. X-ray radiation and X-ray lithography. Ion-beam lithography. Hybrid lithography. Side effects of radiation. Technological processes. 3. Interaction of Ionizing Radiation with Atoms, Molecules and Polymers. Propagation of radiation in matter. Means of ionizing radiation energy transfer to irradiated matter and its consequences. Mechanism of interaction of ionizing radiation with polymers. Description of crosslinking and scission reactions. Parameters affecting the polymer sensitivity to ion-beam radiation. 4. Resists for Technological Applications. Electron-beam and X-ray resists. Materials for electron-beam resists. Positive photoresists. Negative photoresists. Photoresists for special applications. 5. Special Lithographic Techniques and Materials. Lithographic systems with multilayer resists. Plasma etching. Dry lithography. Contemporary commercial resists. Lithography and relief formation and their technological applications. Subject index.
[I-125] 17 alpha-Iodovinyl 11 beta-methoxyestradiol: in vivo and in vitro properties of a high-affinity estrogen-receptor radiopharmaceutical. (1984)

17 alpha-[125I[Iodovinyl 11 beta-methoxyestradiol ([I-125]MIVE2) has been prepared with high specific activity (1500-2000 Ci/mmol) and a high affinity for the estrogen receptor (KA = 6.8 x 10(9) M/Ml). In vivo distribution studies using immature rats result in high levels of activity in the uterus (20-30% dose/g) with uterus-to-plasma ratios on the order of 68 to 100. Peak activity in the uterus is obtained between 2 and 4 hr, and by 6 hr 50% of the activity has washed out. The [I-125]MIVE2 exhibits a slower rate of washout relative to the washout of H-3 estradiol. By in vivo competition studies with nonradioactive estradiol, we found that 95% of the [I-125]MIVE2 bound in the uterus is specifically bound to estrogen receptors. The radioactive labeling of MIVE2 is sufficiently rapid so that [I-123]MIVE2 has been synthesized and is currently in clinical trials. These results suggest that MIVE2 would be an excellent agent for the study of estrogen receptors in vivo and in vitro.
Temperature-limited electron bombardment heating method (1991)

A temperature-limited electron bombardment heating method capable of heating LaB/sub 6/ cathodes to 1800 degrees C has been developed. This method heats LaB/sub 6/ cathodes in a Pierce-type electron gun which is pulsed to 115 kV; 1.9-cm-diameter LaB/sub 6/ cathodes have been heated to 1800 degrees C, with 370 W/cm/sup 2/ of heating power. This method has been successfully used in a pulsed power environment where the bombardment filament and LaB/sub 6/ cathode were simultaneously pulsed to high voltages to produce electron beams. The heating system has produced cathode temperatures in excess of 1750 degrees C, while the electron gun has been pulsed up to voltages of 115 kV. A dynamic model of the bombardment heating system is developed. This model shows that the temperature-limited bombardment heating system is open-loop unstable. A digital control method is presented which stabilizes the heating system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pharmacogenetics of N-methylation: Heritability of human erythrocyte histamine N-methyltransferase activity (1988)

Histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) catalyzes the N tau-methylation of histamine. HNMT is present in many human tissues, including the red blood cell (RBC). Our study evaluated the possible role of inheritance in the regulation of individual variations in human RBC HNMT activity. HNMT activity was measured in RBC lysates from 241 members of 51 nuclear families. After correction for the gender-specific effects of age, the frequency distribution of RBC HNMT activities was unimodal, and activities varied threefold within 2 SDs of the mean. The correlation of HNMT activities in RBCs from 45 pairs of spouses was only 0.070, indicating that shared environment did not result in similar activities among genetically unrelated individuals. Correlation coefficients were also calculated for pairs of genetically related individuals. All of these correlations were significant except the mother-oldest son correlation. The majority of the correlations did not differ significantly from those predicted for a trait with a heritability of 1.0 (100%). Our results demonstrate a significant familial aggregation of human RBC HNMT activity and suggest that inheritance may play an important role in the regulation of variation in the activity of this N-methyltransferase enzyme in the human RBC.
A Hybrid View in a Laparoscopic Surgery Training System (2007)

In this paper, a hybrid view application is proposed - a subsystem of a computerized laparoscopic surgery training system. To minimize the potential hazards of laparoscopic surgery, an assistive training system is being developed. A digital camera and magnetic position sensors are used to detect laparoscopic instruments in the system. The hybrid view is a component of this system which overlays the positions of organs and objects with the path history of the instruments. This method could help confirm erroneous movements made by surgeons and provide more useful information than separate sensors. This may minimize the cognitive overload on the surgeons. Initial experimental results are presented to show the feasibility of the proposed method
Microinjection of a protein-tyrosine-phosphatase inhibits insulin action in Xenopus oocytes. (1990)

A protein-tyrosine-phosphatase (PTPase 1B; protein-tyrosine-phosphate phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.48), specific for phosphotyrosyl residues, was microinjected into Xenopus oocytes. This resulted in a 3- to 5-fold increase in PTPase activity over endogenous levels. The PTPase blocked the insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of tyrosyl residues on endogenous proteins, including a protein having a molecular mass in the same range as the beta subunit of the insulin or insulin-like growth factor I receptor. PTPase 1B also blocked the activation of an S6 peptide kinase--i.e., an enzyme recognizing a peptide having the sequence RRLSSLRA found in a segment of ribosomal protein S6 and known to be activated early in response to insulin. On the other hand, the insulin stimulation of an S6 kinase, detected by using 40S ribosomes as substrate, was unaffected even though PTPase 1B partially prevented the phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 in vivo. Mono Q chromatography of insulin-treated oocyte extracts revealed two main peaks of S6 kinase activity. Fractions from the first peak displayed S6 peptide kinase activity that was essentially abolished in profiles from PTPase 1B-injected oocytes. Material from the second peak, which was best revealed by using 40S ribosomes as substrate and had comparatively little S6 peptide kinase activity, was minimally affected by PTPase 1B. These observations suggest that at least two distinct "S6 kinases" are involved in ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation in vivo and that the activation pathways for these enzymes differ in their sensitivity to PTPase 1B.
In vitro Activity of A-16686, a New Glycopeptide (1986)

A-16686 is a novel glycopeptide antibiotic derived from Actinoplanes. A-16686 inhibited hemolytic streptococci groups A, B, C, F, and G at concentrations of less than or equal to 0.06 to 0.5 microgram/ml, with 90% inhibited by 0.5 microgram/ml, including erythromycin-resistant isolates. S. bovis, various viridans groups streptococci, S. mitis, S. mutans, and S. sanguis were inhibited by less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml, and MICs of S. faecalis and S. faecium were 0.5-2 micrograms/ml. Most staphylococci, including methicillin-resistant strains, were inhibited by 1 or 2 micrograms/ml. A-16686 was bactericidal with minimal difference between MIC and MBC for gram-positive species. A-16686 did not inhibit Enterobacteriaceae or Pseudomonas.
4H-SiC normally-off vertical junction field-effect transistor with high current density (2003)

4H-silicon carbide (SiC) normally-off vertical junction field-effect transistor (JFET) is developed in a purely vertical configuration without internal lateral JFET gates. The 2.1-μm vertical p/sup +/n junction gates are created on the side walls of deep trenches by tilted aluminum (Al) implantation. Normally-off operation with blocking voltage V/sub bl/ of 1 726 V is demonstrated with an on-state current density of 300 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at a drain voltage of 3 V. The low specific on-resistance R/sub on-sp/ of 3.6 m/spl Omega/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> gives the V/sub bl/ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /R/sub on-sp/ value of 830 MW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , surpassing the past records of both unipolar and bipolar 4H-SiC power switches.
apo B gene knockout in mice results in embryonic lethality in homozygotes and neural tube defects, male infertility, and reduced HDL cholesterol ester and apo A-I transport rates in heterozygotes. (1995)

apo B is a structural constituent of several classes of lipoprotein particles, including chylomicrons, VLDL, and LDL. To better understand the role of apo B in the body, we have used gene targeting in embryonic stem cells to create a null apo B allele in the mouse. Homozygous apo B deficiency led to embryonic lethality, with resorption of all embryos by gestational day 9. Heterozygotes showed an increased tendency to intrauterine death with some fetuses having incomplete neural tube closure and some live-born heterozygotes developing hydrocephalus. The majority of male heterozygotes were sterile, although the genitourinary system and sperm were grossly normal. Viable heterozygotes had normal triglycerides, but total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol levels were decreased by 37, 37, and 39%, respectively. Hepatic and intestinal apo B mRNA levels were decreased in heterozygotes, presumably contributing to the decreased LDL levels through decreased synthesis of apo B-containing lipoproteins. Kinetic studies indicated that heterozygotes had decreased transport rates of HDL cholesterol ester and apo A-I. As liver and intestinal apo A-I mRNA levels were unchanged, the mechanism for decreased apo A-I transport must be posttranscriptional. Heterozygotes also had normal cholesterol absorption and a normal response of the plasma lipoprotein pattern to chronic consumption of a high fat, high cholesterol, Western-type diet. In summary, we report a mouse model for apo B deficiency with several phenotypic features that were unexpected based on clinical studies of apo B-deficient humans, such as embryonic lethality in homozygotes and neural tube closure defects, male infertility, and a major defect in HDL production in heterozygotes. This model presents an opportunity to study the mechanisms underlying these phenotypic changes.
Ablation of crystalline oxides by infrared femtosecond laser pulses (2006)

We use focused laser pulses with duration of 180fs and wavelength of 800nm to study the interactions of high power near-infrared light with the surfaces of single-crystal transparent oxides (sapphire, LaAlO3, SrTiO3, yttria-stabilized ZrO2, and MgO); the morphologies of the ablation craters are studied by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. With the exception of LaAlO3, the high temperature annealing of these oxide crystals produces atomically flat starting surfaces that enable studies of the morphology of ablation craters with subnanometer precision. The threshold fluence for ablation is determined directly from atomic-force microscopy images and increases approximately linearly with the band gap of the oxide. For all oxides except sapphire, the depth of the ablation crater increases approximately as the square root of the difference between the peak laser fluence and the threshold fluence for ablation. Sapphire shows unique behavior: (i) at laser fluences within 1J∕cm2 of the threshold for ablation, the depth of the ablation crater increases gradually instead of abruptly with laser fluence, and (ii) the rms roughness of the ablation crater shows a pronounced minimum of &lt;0.2nm at a laser fluence of 1J∕cm2 above the threshold.
Mesoporous Metal‐Organic Frameworks with Size‐tunable Cages: Selective CO<sub>2</sub> Uptake, Encapsulation of Ln<sup>3+</sup> Cations for Luminescence, and Column‐Chromatographic Dye Separation (2011)

Three mesoporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with rare corundum-type topology and size-tailored cages are constructed by length-extendable tetratopic ligands. All the MOFs show selective CO2 uptake over N2 and their CO2 uptake capabilities are discriminated with different cage sizes. The MOFs can serve as hosts for encapsulating extra-framework lanthanide cations, and be applicable in column-chromatographic separation for large dye molecules. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
InGaAsP/InP tapered active layer multiquantum welllaser with1.8 dB coupling loss to cleaved singlemode fibre (1994)

Tapered active layer MQW BH lasers with spot sizes closely matched to cleaved fibre are reported. A record low coupling loss of 1.8 dB to 10 µm core cleaved singlemode fibre has been obtained for a device with an 800 µm long taper.
Largescale Problems of Galactic Structure and Dynamics (1984)

In tills review, I will talk about some galactic problems for which stellar radial velocities are important. I will not attempt to be comprehensive, but will just pick out some problems which are being actively studied and which I find particularly interesting. This is a classical problem. The aim is to estimate the total matter density near the Sun from the distribution and kinematics of a tracer population towards the galactic poles. Recently Bahcall (1984a,b,c) has made a major attack on this problem, using F stars and W giants. He finds that about half the total matter density near the Sun is unaccounted for. This is important. We know from work on other diek galaxies that about half their mass lies in a dark corona and the other half in the disk; the nature of this dark matter is not yet understood. If we also see that about half the mass of the disk itself is dark, then that is certainly worth knowing, because this dark matter has dissipated to the disk. That may help us to understand the nature of the dark matter.