gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integration-based cooperation in concurrent engineering (2002)

Concurrent engineering is a means to shorten product development times. Information systems supporting concurrent engineering must facilitate the exchange and unambiguous interpretation of product data from various design and manufacturing stages, the collaboration of geographically dispersed experts in a complex design process, and the use of diverse computing platforms and tools. We describe our experiences in a joint project with the Department of Mechanical Engineering, building an integrated information system for concurrent engineering applications. The system is based on a single, integrated object-oriented data model and schema, the so-called product and production model, which covers all phases of the product life cycle. The model is implemented in a distributed and heterogeneous fashion using a CORBA-based object bus. On top of this bus, support for structured and ad-hoc collaboration is built around a uniform and flexible presentation layer We motivate concurrent engineering and argue why we believe that it mandates a single, integrated schema. We then describe the overall architecture of the system and address various implementation issues, in particular object persistence, model evolution, presentation services and support for collaborative work.
Identification of Antitubercular Benzothiazinone Compounds by Ligand-Based Design (2012)

1,3-Benzothiazin-4-ones (BTZs) are a novel class of TB drug candidates with potent activity against M. tuberculosis. An in silico ligand-based model based on structure-activity data from 170 BTZ compounds was used to design a new series. Compounds were tested against a panel of mycobacterial strains and were profiled for cytotoxicity, stability, and antiproliferative effects. Several of the compounds showed improved activity against MDR-TB while retaining low toxicity with higher microsomal, metabolic, and plasma stability.
A comparison between techniques for global surface interpolation in shaped reflector analysis (1994)

Usual geometrical optics based syntheses of shaped reflectors provide numerically defined surfaces which must be interpolated for subsequent evaluation of the antenna secondary field to check against design specifications. The implementation of three techniques capable of performing global interpolations of numerically defined (3D) surfaces, namely, the quintic pseudosplines, polynomial Fourier series, and Jacobi polynomial-sinusoidal expansions, is explored. The relative superior stability of the first is demonstrated for the synthesis of shaped reflectors presenting critical behavior of their principal curvatures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High-Throughput Sequencing of Plasma MicroRNA in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (2014)

Our study is the first to identify circulating miRNAs from CFS/ME patients and also to confirm three differentially expressed circulating miRNAs in CFS/ME patients, providing a basis for further study to find useful CFS/ME biomarkers.
False-negative β-d-glucuronidase reactions in membrane lactose glucuronide agar medium used for the simultaneous detection of coliforms and<i>Escherichia coli</i>from water (2008)

The detection of E. coli in drinking water is the primary test used to establish faecal contamination. The poor sensitivity of MLGA in detecting beta-D-glucuronidase activity suggests that this medium and others containing high concentrations of fermentable carbohydrate should not be used for the detection of E. coli.
New advances in nanographene chemistry (2015)

Nanographenes, or extended polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, have been attracting renewed and more widespread attention since the first experimental demonstration of graphene in 2004. However, the atomically precise fabrication of nanographenes has thus far been achieved only through synthetic organic chemistry. The precise synthesis of quasi-zero-dimensional nanographenes, i.e. graphene molecules, has witnessed rapid developments over the past few years, and these developments can be summarized in four categories: (1) non-conventional methods, (2) structures incorporating seven- or eight-membered rings, (3) selective heteroatom doping, and (4) direct edge functionalization. On the other hand, one-dimensional extension of the graphene molecules leads to the formation of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with high aspect ratios. The synthesis of structurally well-defined GNRs has been achieved by extending nanographene synthesis to longitudinally extended polymeric systems. Access to GNRs thus becomes possible through the solution-mediated or surface-assisted cyclodehydrogenation, or "graphitization," of tailor-made polyphenylene precursors. In this review, we describe recent progress in the "bottom-up" chemical syntheses of structurally well-defined nanographenes, namely graphene molecules and GNRs.
Multilineage response in aplastic anemia patients following long‐term administration of filgrastim (recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor) (1993)

The present multicenter study was undertaken to confirm whether filgrastim/recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) could mobilize residual multipotential stem cells by its G0-shortening effect in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) and induce a multilineage response. Twenty-seven patients with acquired severe or moderate AA received long-term administration (2 to 12+ months) of rhG-CSF in doses from 100 to 400 micrograms/body/day by s.c. injection or 250 to 1,500 micrograms/body/day by i.v. infusion. Twenty-six out of the 27 evaluable patients showed a substantial increase in neutrophils associated with a recovery of myeloid precursors in bone marrow within one month of therapy. Interestingly, 10 out of the 27 patients showed a dramatic improvement in severe anemia after two to ten months of therapy. Moreover, severe thrombocytopenia improved after two to four months of therapy in three out of these ten patients accompanied by a significant increase in megakaryocytes in bone marrow. Clonal cultures of bone marrow cells revealed a recovery in myeloid as well as erythroid precursors in most of these ten patients. In two patients who showed a trilineage response, mixed and megakaryocyte colony formations also recovered. These results suggest that long-term administration of rhG-CSF mobilizes myeloid, erythroid, megakaryocyte and multipotential progenitor cells and induces a multilineage response in some patients with AA.
Time-Dependent Negative Capacitance Effects in Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Bilayers (2016)

The negative capacitance (NC) effects in ferroelectric materials have emerged as the possible solution to low-power transistor devices and high-charge-density capacitors. Although the steep switching characteristic (subthreshold swing < sub-60 mV/dec) has been demonstrated in various devices combining the conventional transistors with ferroelectric gates, the actual applications of the NC effects are still some way off owing to the inherent hysteresis problem. This work reinterpreted the hysteretic properties of the NC effects within the time domain and demonstrated that capacitance (charge) boosting could be achieved without the hysteresis from the Al2O3/BaTiO3 bilayer capacitors through short-pulse charging. This work revealed that the hysteresis phenomenon in NC devices originated from the dielectric leakage of the dielectric layer. The suppression of charge injection via the dielectric leakage, which usually takes time, inhibits complete ferroelectric polarization switching during a short pulse time. It was demonstrated that a nonhysteretic NC effect can be achieved only within certain limited time and voltage ranges, but that these are sufficient for critical device applications.
Evaluation of Tableted Microspheres of Dipyridamole (1995)

Microspheres of dipyridamole were prepared by solvent evaporation methods. The effect of additives Avicel PH 101, and beta cyclodextrin on the release rate of tableted microspheres were studied. Incorporating Avicel or beta cyclodextrin increased the dipyridamole release rates in tableted microspheres. Beta cyclodextrin was found to be a good additive for microsphere tablets to increase the drug release rates without causing disintegration.
Interleukin 2 and its cell-surface receptor. (1985)

Interleukin 2 provides a signal for the proliferation and differentiation of several classes of immune cells, including activated T cells, natural killer cells and certain activated B cells. The responses to this lymphokine result from its interaction with a high-affinity cell surface receptor. Several structural features of the IL-2 molecule are essential for its functional integrity. For example, an intramolecular disulfide bridge connecting cysteine residues in positions 58 and 105 maintains an active conformation of the molecule. In addition, antibodies directed against epitopes defined by amino acids 8-27 and 33-54 are capable of directly blocking the physiological response. Amino acids in or near these regions may form part of the receptor binding site of IL-2. The receptor for IL-2 exists in both high and low-affinity states. Physiological responses correlate with binding to the high-affinity form of the receptor as determined by anti-IL-2 antibody competition curves. Expression of the cDNA corresponding to the receptor protein in mouse L cells, however, indicates that this protein alone is incapable of high-affinity interaction with IL-2. Thus, the high-affinity conformation of the receptor may entail the interaction of the ligand-binding component with an additional receptor subunit(s). The availability of pure ligand and receptor as well as antibody reagents to both these components make the IL-2 receptor system an ideal model for dissecting an immune response at the molecular level.
An Embedded Router for Internet Communication Among Private Networks (2006)

An IP sharing router is frequently used to connect a private network to a public domain, to compensate the deficiency of IP addresses, to distribute the loads of server, and to implement a firewall. But when both of the server and client are contained in different private networks respectively and their routers use a dynamic IP address, most of general routers do not adduce an answer. In this paper, we propose a solution to this problem and devise an embedded router by registering the IP address of server-side router to dynamic DNS, automatically retrieving it, and using port forwarding techniques. With this router, the client device simply assumes its destination as its gateway port of the client-side router. And all other processes for a client to reach its server that exists in another private network are automatically handled by the client-side and server-side routers.
Infrared Spectra and Structure of Aminoisoxazolones<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfrared Spectra and Structure of Aminoisoxazolones1CHARLES L. BELL, C. N. V. NAMBURY, and LUDWIG BAUERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 12, 4923–4930Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01070a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01070a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views61Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Men and Women Differ in Object Memory but Not Performance of a Virtual Radial Maze. (2005)

The present study examined sex differences in object memory by using 2-dimensional object arrays and in spatial memory by using a computerized virtual 12-arm radial maze. Virtual T-maze and water maze tasks were also used to examine sex differences in the use of spatial and nonspatial strategies during navigation. Women significantly outperformed men in recalling the locations and identities of objects. However, the sexes did not differ in the commission of working memory and reference memory errors in the radial maze or in the use of particular navigational strategies. Because arms in the radial maze may become associated with specific extramaze cues, the superior object memory demonstrated by women may have eliminated the typical male advantage found in spatial navigation tasks.
Numerical study of blood flow in an anatomically realistic aorto-iliac bifurcation generated from MRI data (2000)

Magnetic resonance imaging and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have been used in combination to simulate flow patterns at the human aorto-iliac bifurcation. Vascular anatomy was reconstructed from stacked two-dimensional (2D) time-of-flight images, and revealed asymmetric, nonplanar geometry with curvature in the abdominal aorta and right iliac artery. The left iliac artery was straight and exhibited a smaller take off angle than the right iliac artery. The anatomical reconstruction was used to generate a computational mesh and obtain CFD predictions of flow and wall shear stress (WSS) within the region of interest. The dynamic boundary conditions necessary were specified by 2D cine phase contrast measurements of velocity profiles in each component vessel. Predicted flow patterns were in good quantitative agreement with experiment and demonstrated major differences in WSS distributions between the iliac arteries. This noninvasive approach has considerable potential to evaluate local geometries and WSS as risk factors for arterial disease in individual subjects.
Molecular Properties and Pharmacokinetic Behavior of Cetirizine, a Zwitterionic H<sub>1</sub>-Receptor Antagonist (1998)

The ionization and lipophilicity behavior of the antihistamine (H1-receptor antagonist) cetirizine was investigated, showing the drug to exist almost exclusively as a zwitterion in the pH region 3.5-7.5. In this pH range, its octanol/water lipophilicity is constant and low compared to cationic antihistamines (log D = log PZ = 1.5), whereas its H-bonding capacity is relatively large (delta log PZ > or = 3.1). Conformational, electronic, and lipophilicity potential calculations revealed that zwitterionic cetirizine experiences partial intramolecular charge neutralization in folded conformers of lower polarity. Pharmacokinetic investigations have shown the drug to be highly bound to blood proteins, mainly serum albumin, and to have a low brain uptake, explaining its lack of sedative effects. As such, cetirizine does not differ from "second-generation" antihistamines. In contrast, its very low apparent volume of distribution in humans (0.4 L kg-1, smaller than that of exchangeable water) implies a low affinity for lean tissues such as the myocardium and is compatible with the absence of cardiotoxicity of the drug. The zwitterionic nature and modest lipophilicity of cetirizine may account for this pharmacokinetic behavior. The suggestion is offered that cetirizine and analogous zwitterions, whose physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties differ from those of "first-" and "second-generation" drugs in this class, could be considered as "third-generation" antihistamines.
Approximate Tree Kernels (2010)

Convolution kernels for trees provide simple means for learning with tree-structured data. The computation time of tree kernels is quadratic in the size of the trees, since all pairs of nodes need to be compared. Thus, large parse trees, obtained from HTML documents or structured network data, render convolution kernels inapplicable. In this article, we propose an effective approximation technique for parse tree kernels. The approximate tree kernels (ATKs) limit kernel computation to a sparse subset of relevant subtrees and discard redundant structures, such that training and testing of kernel-based learning methods are significantly accelerated. We devise linear programming approaches for identifying such subsets for supervised and unsupervised learning tasks, respectively. Empirically, the approximate tree kernels attain run-time improvements up to three orders of magnitude while preserving the predictive accuracy of regular tree kernels. For unsupervised tasks, the approximate tree kernels even lead to more accurate predictions by identifying relevant dimensions in feature space.
An automatic programming tool for heterogeneous multiprocessor systems (2002)

Advances in network technology and the higher levels of circuit integration due to VLSI have led to widespread interest in the use of multiprocessor systems in solving many practical problems. As the hardware continues to diminish in size and cost, new possibilities are being created for systems that are heterogeneous by design. Parallel multiprocessor architectures are now feasible and provide a valid solution to the throughput rates demands of the increasing sophistication of control and/or instrumentation systems. Increasing the number of processors and the complexity of the problems to be solved makes programming multiprocessor systems more difficult and error-prone. This paper describes some parts already implemented (mainly the scheduler) of a software development tool for a heterogeneous multiprocessor system that will automatically perform code generation, execution time estimation, scheduling, and handles the communication primitive insertion.
Electromagnetic crystals for surface plasmon polaritons and the extraction of light from emissive devices (1999)

Periodically textured metallic films are discussed as a method of extracting light from thin-film emissive devices. The proposed scheme involves coupling the emitters to a surface plasmon polariton mode of the structure and producing useful radiation by scattering this mode off periodic microstructure. The concepts involved are developed and the details associated with several specific candidate structures explored. The potential of these structures to enhance the emissive process is assessed, and possible problems, especially loss in the metal, are discussed.
SCATTERING OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES BY A SINUSOIDALLY STRATIFIED HALF-SPACE: II. DIFFRACTION ASPECTS AT THE RAYLEIGH AND BRAGG WAVELENGTHS (1966)

The diffracted field of a plane wave incident obliquely from air onto a sinusoidally modulated half-space is investigated by employing a rigorous formal solution, together with graphical constructions and equivalent circuits, which have already been derived by Tamir and Wang (1966, Part I). The field in the air region is shown to be influenced considerably by Wood's anomalies of the Rayleigh type. The location of these anomalies is determined by the onset of propagation or evanescence for modes in either the air or the dielectric regions; their orders of magnitude are estimated by means of a network which describes the air–dielectric interface. In the stratified dielectric, the field is strongly affected by an interference process that peaks at the Bragg wavelengths and produces a resonant behavior of the modal amplitudes. This results in a strong standing-wave field pattern in the form of repetitive oblong rectangular cells with interesting power-flow properties. Additional details of the fine field structure are treated extensively and numerical data, which are in excellent agreement with the considerations and results obtained by analytical and graphical means, are given.
SNAI1 recruits HDAC1 to suppress SNAI2 transcription during epithelial to mesenchymal transition (2019)

Aberrant activation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated factors were highly correlated with increased mortality in cancer patients. SNAIL family of transcriptional repressors comprised of three members, each of which were essentially associated with gastrulation and neural crest formation. Among which, SNAI1 and SNAI2 were efficiently induced during EMT and their expressions were correlated with poor clinical outcome in patients with breast, colon and ovarian carcinoma. In an ovarian cancer cell lines panel, we identified that SNAI1 and SNAI2 expressions were mutually exclusive, where SNAI1 predominantly represses SNAI2 expression. Detailed analysis of SNAI2 promoter region revealed that SNAI1 binds to two E-box sequences that mediated transcriptional repression. Through epigenetic inhibitor treatments, we identified that inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity in SNAI1 overexpressing cells partially rescued SNAI2 expression. Importantly, we demonstrated a significant deacetylation of histone H3 and significant enrichments of HDAC1 and HDAC2 corepressors in both E-box regions of SNAI2 promoter. Our results suggested that SNAI1 repression on SNAI2 expression was predominantly mediated through the recruitment of the histone deacetylation machinery. Utilization of HDAC inhibitors would require additional profiling of SNAI1 activity and combined targeting of SNAI1 and HDACs might render efficient cancer treatment.
Gold nanoparticles in virus detection: Recent advances and potential considerations for SARS‐CoV‐2 testing development (2021)

Viruses are infectious agents that pose significant threats to plants, animals, and humans. The current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread globally and resulted in over 2 million deaths and immeasurable financial losses. Rapid and sensitive virus diagnostics become crucially important in controlling the spread of a pandemic before effective treatment and vaccines are available. Gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based testing holds great potential for this urgent unmet biomedical need. In this review, we describe the most recent advances in AuNP-based viral detection applications. In addition, we discuss considerations for the design of AuNP-based SARS-CoV-2 testings. Finally, we highlight and propose important parameters to consider for the future development of effective AuNP-based testings that would be critical for not only this COVID-19 pandemic, but also potential future outbreaks. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle-Based Sensing.
Safe Control of Construction–Deconstruction of High-density PEG Brushes on the Surface of Peptide Nanospheres by Thermally Induced Shrinkage of PEG–SS–PEG (2013)

Abstract We demonstrate for the first time rapid construction–deconstruction of high-density PEG brushes on nanosphere surfaces at 40 °C for 5 min by thermally induced shrinkage of disulfide PEG. These reaction conditions can avoid thermal instability of PEG chains generally occurring during PEG brush construction at higher temperature for longer incubation. This method will be an important strategy for fabrication of bioinert nanocarriers, because control of surface characteristics on the surface of nanocarriers is significant in biomedical applications.