gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Function Split Between Delay-Constrained Routing and Resource Allocation for Centrally Managed QoS in Industrial Networks (2016)

Industrial networks demand centrally controlled quality of service (QoS), often in the form of hard real-time guarantees. Software-defined networking (SDN) provides a convenient paradigm for central QoS control. However, existing SDN-based solutions cannot guarantee hard real-time QoS as they rely on a control loop over the forwarding (data) and control planes. We propose a novel SDN-based QoS control framework that maintains an accurate network model through network calculus to avoid a control loop over forwarding and control planes, allocates resources to and routes flows over a network of “queue links,” whereby each physical network link houses multiple queue links (with different QoS levels), and manages QoS through a function split between delay-constrained least-cost routing on the network of queue links and the resource allocation to the queue links. This function split greatly reduces the computational complexity while achieving hard real-time QoS with high bandwidth utilization. Our evaluation results indicate that our function split approach allows for online runtime admission control and can achieve bandwidth utilization above 80% while meeting deterministic real-time QoS requirements.
A Major Role for Bim in Regulatory T Cell Homeostasis (2010)

We have previously shown that regulatory T cells (Treg) accumulate dramatically in aged animals and negatively impact the ability to control persistent infection. However, the mechanisms underlying the age-dependent accrual of Treg remain unclear. In this study, we show that Treg accumulation with age is progressive and likely not the result of increased thymic output, increased peripheral proliferation, or from enhanced peripheral conversion. Instead, we found that Treg from aged mice are more resistant to apoptosis than Treg from young mice. Although Treg from aged mice had increased expression of functional IL-7Rα, we found that IL-7R signaling was not required for maintenance of Treg in vivo. Notably, aged Treg exhibit decreased expression of the proapoptotic molecule Bim compared with Treg from young mice. Furthermore, in the absence of Bim, Treg accumulate rapidly, accounting for >25% of the CD4(+) T cell compartment by 6 mo of age. Additionally, accumulation of Treg in Bim-deficient mice occurred after the cells left the transitional recent thymic emigrant compartment. Mechanistically, we show that IL-2 drives preferential proliferation and accumulation of Bim(lo) Treg. Collectively, our data suggest that chronic stimulation by IL-2 leads to preferential expansion of Treg having low expression of Bim, which favors their survival and accumulation in aged hosts.
LYSOZYMES IN FECES FROM INFANTS AND CHILDREN (1974)

ABSTRACT. Haneberg, B. and Finne, P. (Department of Pediatrics and the Broegelmann Research Laboratory for Microbiology, The University of Bergen, School of Medicine, Bergen, Norway). Lysozymes in feces from infants and children. Acta Paediatr Scand, 63: 588, 1974.—An agar diffusion technique seemed useful for the assay of lysozyme activity in serum, milk, and extracts of freeze‐dried feces. Normal levels of this activity were established before the method was applied to extracts of feces from premature infants, receiving either human milk, with lysoyme activity of its own, or cow's milk with or without added albumen lysozyme. Results of these investigations, in addition to immunologic studies, using antisera to human and albumen lysozymes, indicated that human milk lysozyme and albumen lysozyme in cow's milk formula may pass through the infants' intestinal tract. Albumen lysozyme, however, will most often be inactivated before being excreted with feces. Low fecal pH was found in those receiving albumen lysozyme as well as in those receiving human lysozyme. This may reflect the intestinal activity of the lysozymes. Low intestinal pH, brought about by lactulose in the cow's milk feed, did not in itself lead to increased lysozyme activity. At present, no advantage of adding albumen lysozyme to cow's milk formula has been substantiated.
Gas Dynamics, Second Edition (1984)

Keywords: dynamique des : gaz ; ecoulement ; onde de : choc ; ondes Reference Record created on 2005-11-18, modified on 2016-08-08
ACTIVITY PATTERNS OF H3PMo12O40 AND ITS ALKALI SALTS FOR OXIDATION REACTIONS (1983)

Abstract It has been demonstrated that oxidation reactions of organic compounds over H3PMo12O40 and its alkali salts are classified into two prototypes. In the first type reactions, the surface redox properties of catalysts are important, and in the second type the bulk properties. Oxygen-addition reactions like methacrolein to methacrylic acid are an example of the former, and oxidative dehydrogenation is the latter example.
2,7-Functionalized Indoles as Receptors for Anions (2007)

A series of 2,7-functionalized indoles have been synthesized with appended amide and/or urea or thiourea groups. Anion complexation studies show a marked difference in the mode of interaction of carboxylates with indole-ureas vs indole-amides.
<title>XWFP: an x-ray wavefront propagation software package for the IDL computer language</title> (2004)

A suite of computer routines is presented that uses scalar wavefront theory to calculate the propagation of arbitrarily-shaped X-ray wavefronts through a series of objects and drift spaces that represent an experimental setup. The routines are coded in IDL, the Interactive Data Language, and can be included into or extended with any other IDL code. Objects and apertures in the X-ray path are modeled in the thin-object approximation, where they are represented by a two-dimensional complex transmission function. Fresnel propagation through drift spaces is carried out in Fourier space in the paraxial approximation. A variety of predefined, ready-for-use objects is included in the package. Among these are optical elements such as gratings, lenses, slits, or pinholes, as well as reference sample objects such as spheres, cylinders, test grids, etc. The materials and geometrical parameters of these objects can be freely chosen. Optical materials constants are looked up automatically in the DABAX database. The modular structure of the code makes it reasonably easy for users to add support for objects of any degree of complexity, or even other propagation schemes.
Efficient modified-sinc filters for sigma-delta A/D converters (2000)

In this paper, a method to design and implement a very efficient multistage decimation filter for a sigma-delta (/spl Sigma//spl Delta/) A/D converter is proposed. The scheme is composed of two stages, but the proposed method can be easily extended to a multiple-stage implementation. The first-stage filter is obtained by properly rotating the zero-pole distribution of a comb filter in the z-plane. The obtained structure exhibits linear phase and can be implemented by using a recursive structure with only two multipliers. The design phase is easy and very flexible. As most of the quantization noise is eliminated at the first stage, the second-stage filter can be designed with relaxed specifications. Any classical design algorithm can be used for it. An alternative scheme for the second stage can be obtained by splitting the stage into two substages, and the method proposed in this paper can be iterated.
Gedunin, a limonoid from <i>Xylocarpus granatum</i>, inhibits the growth of CaCo‐2 colon cancer cell line <i>In Vitro</i> (2007)

Abstract Xylocarpus granatum J. König (Meliaceae), commonly known as ‘dhundul’, is a Bangladeshi mangrove tree, and well distributed in a number of other countries of south‐east Asia, Australia and east Africa. Traditionally, X. granatum has been used as an astringent and febrifuge, and also for the treatment of fever, malaria, thrush, cholera, dysentery and diarrhoea in many countries including Bangladesh. Two limonoids, gedunin and 1 α ‐hydroxy‐1,2‐dihydrogedunin, the latter being new, have been isolated from the bark of Xylocarpus granatum by reversed‐phase preparative HPLC, and the structures were confirmed by spectroscopic means. The cytotoxic potential of gedunin has been evaluated by the Promega's CellTiter 96 non‐radioactive cell proliferation assay using the CaCo‐2 colon cancer cell line (IC 50 = 16.83 µ m ). A summary of the biological activities of gedunin reported to date is also presented. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Endothelial Cell–Derived Chemerin Promotes Dendritic Cell Transmigration (2014)

ChemR23 is a chemotactic receptor expressed by APCs, such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and NK cells. Chemerin, the ChemR23 ligand, was detected by immunohistochemistry, to be associated with inflamed endothelial cells in autoimmune diseases, such as lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis. This study reports that blood and lymphatic murine endothelial cells produce chemerin following retinoic acid stimulation. Conversely, proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, and LPS, or calcitriol, are not effective. Retinoic acid-stimulated endothelial cells promoted dendritic cell adhesion under shear stress conditions and transmigration in a ChemR23-dependent manner. Activated endothelial cells upregulated the expression of the atypical chemotactic receptor CCRL2/ACKR5, a nonsignaling receptor able to bind and present chemerin to ChemR23(+) dendritic cells. Accordingly, activated endothelial cells expressed chemerin on the plasma membrane and promoted in a more efficient manner chemerin-dependent transmigration of dendritic cells. Finally, chemerin stimulation of myeloid dendritic cells induced the high-affinity binding of VCAM-1/CD106 Fc chimeric protein and promoted VCAM-1-dependent arrest to immobilized ligands under shear stress conditions. In conclusion, this study reports that retinoic acid-activated endothelial cells can promote myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cell transmigration across endothelial cell monolayers through the endogenous production of chemerin, the upregulation of CCRL2, and the activation of dendritic cell β1 integrin affinity.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels are poorly correlated with clinical measures of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and osteoarthritis patients. (2009)

In this cohort of RA, SLE and OA patients, ESR and CRP values were modestly correlated with each other and they were weakly correlated with disease activity measures. These data suggest that another look at the role of ESR and CRP as markers of inflammation in RA patients seen in routine care may be in order.
Suppression of oxidation enhanced boron diffusion in silicon by carbon implantation and characterization of MOSFETs with carbon implanted channels (2002)

Scaling of MOSFETs into the deep submicron regime requires shallow doping profiles with abrupt doping transitions in the MOSFET active region. In NMOS transistors with boron doped channels, oxidation enhanced diffusion is a key contributor to boron profile broadening. Starting from the arguments presented in several recent reports on the role of carbon in silicon as a sink for self-interstitials, we have explored the feasibility of using carbon in the MOSFET in the active region to retard boron diffusion during gate oxidation. MOSFETs with carbon and boron implanted channels have been fabricated. Boron diffusion, activation, and critical electrical parameters such as subthreshold swing, threshold voltage, and off-state leakage current have been evaluated as a function of the carbon dose. We have shown that carbon can effectively suppress boron diffusion during gate oxidation. However, at dose levels around 10/sup 14/ cm/sup -2/ carbon results in poor boron activation and degradation in MOSFET performance.
Persistence length of DNA (1969)

Abstract In the wormlike chain (Kratky‐Porod) model of DNA the stiffness of the chain is determined by the persistence length, a . The persistence length may be evaluated from light‐scattering measurements of the molecular weight and the mean‐square radius if the samples are not polydisperse or if the polydispersity can be quantitatively determined. The persistence length can also be evaluated with the aid of hydro dynamic theory from measurements of intrinsic viscosity and sedimentation coefficient. Data taken from the literature and from other studies by the authors are examined by these methods. The light‐scattering method yields a value of a of 900 ± 200 Å the hydrodynamic data yield 600 ± 100 Å. These values are considerably larger than those obtained by most previous authors.
Different behavior towards raw starch of two glucoamylases from Aspergillus saitoi. (1990)

Two glucoamylases [EC 3.2.1.3] of Asperigillus saitoi, Gluc M1 (molecular weight (M.W.) 90000) and Gluc M2 (M.W.70000), which have similar pH optima and specific activities towards soluble starch were studied as to their behavior towards raw starch. The pH optima for raw starch digestion were different, 3.5 for Gluc M1 and 4.0 for Gluc M2. These enzymes digested raw starch almost completely but at quite different rates, Gluc M2 being 51 times less effective than Gluc M1. Gluc M1 tightly bound to raw starch with maximum binding occurring at pH 3.0. The binding constant K of Gluc M1 to raw starch at pH 3.0 and 4°C was 1.6×105M<-1>. In contrast, Gluc M2 which lacks the C-terminal region of Gluc M1, had as small a K value as 3.2×103M<-1>, with practically no binding to the raw starch. These results indicate that only Gluc M1 has an additional raw starch-binding site, besides the active center, in the C-terminal region.
Unusual T cell populations in adult murine bone marrow. Prevalence of CD3+CD4-CD8- and <i>alpha beta</i> TCR+NK1.1+ cells. (1990)

The T cell populations present in normal murine bone marrow have not been previously analyzed in detail, mainly because of their relative rarity. In order to permit such analyses, bone marrow T cells were enriched by depleting Mac1-positive cells, which constitute 65 to 90% of bone marrow cells (BMC), and then studied by two-color flow cytometry. Analysis of the remaining cells revealed that the T cell profile of adult murine bone marrow is markedly different from that of other lymphoid organs. A very high proportion of bone marrow CD3+ cells (approximately one-third) are CD4-CD8-. CD3+CD4-CD8- cells are much more concentrated among BMC T cells than among thymocytes or splenic T cells, suggesting that bone marrow may be either a site of extrathymic TCR gene rearrangement, or a major site to which such cells home from the thymus. The expression of NK1.1 was also evaluated on Mac1-depleted BMC populations. Surprisingly, up to 39% of alpha beta TCR+ BMC were found to express NK1.1. Most alpha beta TCR+NK1.1+ BMC also expressed CD4 or CD8. NK1.1+ alpha beta TCR+ cells represented a much greater proportion of BMC T cells than of other lymphoid (splenocyte or thymocyte) T cell populations. Mac1-depleted BMC of nude mice contained very few cells with this phenotype. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that NK1.1+ alpha beta TCR+ cells are generated primarily in the thymus of normal animals and migrate preferentially to bone marrow, where they may function as regulatory elements in hematopoiesis.
QSAR and Binding Model for Inhibition of Rat Liver Catechol‐O‐Methyl‐Transferase by 1,5‐Substituted‐3,4‐Dihydroxybenzenes (1989)

Abstract Quantitative structure‐activity analysis was carried out for in vitro inhibition of rat liver catechol‐O‐methyl‐transferase by a series of 1,5‐substituted‐3,4‐dihydroxybenzenes. Linear regression analysis showed high correlation of inhibitory activity with both empirical electronic substituent parameters and quantum chemical descriptors. The combined effect of both substituents on lowering the pKa values of catechol hydroxyls and the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital appeared to be the most important determinant of increasing activity. Both substituents seemed to be also directly involved in binding. Hydrophobicity of the substituent at position 1 and the electronic structure of the substituent at position 5 were correlated with activity. A model for binding interactions of inhibitors was postulated on the basis of the QSAR equations derived.
Properties of periodate-oxidised polysaccharides. Part VII. The structure of nitrogen-containing derivatives as deduced from a study of monosaccharide analogues (1966)

Four types of 3-oxadialdehyde, representative of the potential dialdehyde units present in some different oxypolysaccharides, have been treated with isonicotinoylhydrazine or a thiosemicarbazide under the conditions used in the preparation of the polymeric derivatives. From a 1,6-dialdehyde a bishydrazone is obtained, whilst the corresponding 1,5-dialdehyde combines with only 1 mol. of reagent to form a 3,5-dihydroxymorpholine derivative. The presence of a 4-hydroxymethyl group in either a 1,6- or a 1,5-dialdehyde reduces the activity of one aldehyde function, probably by the formation of a hemiacetal linkage, the remaining aldehyde group being converted into a hydrazone. The structure of the polymeric derivatives is discussed in the light of these findings.
Scaling POMDPs for Spoken Dialog Management (2007)

Control in spoken dialog systems is challenging largely because automatic speech recognition is unreliable, and hence the state of the conversation can never be known with certainty. Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) provide a principled mathematical framework for planning and control in this context; however, POMDPs face severe scalability challenges, and past work has been limited to trivially small dialog tasks. This paper presents a novel POMDP optimization technique-composite summary point-based value iteration (CSPBVI)-which enables optimization to be performed on slot-filling POMDP-based dialog managers of a realistic size. Using dialog models trained on data from a tourist information domain, simulation results show that CSPBVI scales effectively, outperforms non-POMDP baselines, and is robust to estimation errors.
Simplified fabrication of back surface electric field silicon cells and novel characteristics of such cells (1972)

An investigation of the characteristics and behavior of 10 ohm-cm silicon cells having abnormally high open-circuit voltages was made. The cells studied were made by a new, highly simplified, contact fabrication process which creates both a contact and a thin electric field region at the cell back surface without the need for phosphorus layer removal. These cells had open-circuit voltages of about 0.58 V and their performance as a function of thickness, temperature, and 1 MeV electron irradiation is detailed. The study showed that 10 ohm-cm back-surface-field cells can have the high initial efficiencies and desirable temperature behavior of low resistivity cells. Thin back-surface-field cells were made and showed, in addition, much greater radiation damage resistance. A mechanism is proposed to explain the results.
Control of Protein Exit from the Endoplasmic Reticulum (1989)

Cet article de synthese s'interesse au transport selectif, a la secretion de proteines, membranaires et autres, du reticulum endoplasmique vers l'appareil de Golgi. Ceci est possible grâce a des enzymes modifiant les chaines oligosaccharidiques des glycoproteines, des signaux de transport (mannose-6-phosphate et tetrapeptide KDEL
Transmitting IP traffic over ARCNET networks (1991)

This memo defines a protocol for the transmission of IP and ARP
packets over the ARCnet Local Area Network.This memo specifies a
method of encapsulating Internet Protocol (IP) and Address Resolution
Protocol (ARP) datagrams for transmission across ARCNET using the
ARCNET Packet Header Definition Standard. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Electrolyte-Gated Transistors Based on Conducting Polymer Nanowire Junction Arrays (2005)

In this study, we describe the electrolyte gating and doping effects of transistors based on conducting polymer nanowire electrode junction arrays in buffered aqueous media. Conducting polymer nanowires including polyaniline, polypyrrole, and poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) were investigated. In the presence of a positive gate bias, the device exhibits a large on/off current ratio of 978 for polyaniline nanowire-based transistors; these values vary according to the acidity of the gate medium. We attribute these efficient electrolyte gating and doping effects to the electrochemically fabricated nanostructures of conducting polymer nanowires. This study demonstrates that two-terminal devices can be easily converted into three-terminal transistors by simply immersing the device into an electrolyte solution along with a gate electrode. Here, the field-induced modulation can be applied for signal amplification to enhance the device performance.
Experimental implementation of quantum entanglement and hyperentanglement with a fiber-based two-photon source (2008)

We describe the generation of entangled and hyperentangled photon pairs using a microstructure-fiber Sagnac interferometer, which is formed by a polarizing beam splitter and a highly nonlinear microstructure fiber twisted by 90° from end to end. This interferometer allows two identical four-wave mixing processes to occur on the same fiber principal axis, ensuring perfect spatial and temporal mode matching of the two four-wave mixing outputs on the polarizing beam splitter to create entanglement over the entire four-wave mixing phase-matching spectral range. With an average pump power of 220 μW, we measure a two-photon coincidence rate of 1 kHz with ▵λ = 0.9 nm. Two-photon interference visibilities exceed 91% for polarization-entangled photon pairs generated from this source, and are > 84% for both time-bin and polarization degrees of freedom for hyperentangled photons, all without subtracting accidental coincidences.
Expression of Recombinant Vaccines and Antibodies in Plants (2014)

Plants are able to perform post-translational maturations of therapeutic proteins required for their functional biological activity and suitable in vivo pharmacokinetics. Plants can be a low-cost, large-scale production platform of recombinant biopharmaceutical proteins such as vaccines and antibodies. Plants, however, lack mechanisms of processing authentic human N-glycosylation, which imposes a major limitation in their use as an expression system for therapeutic glycoproducts. Efforts have been made to circumvent plant-specific N-glycosylation, as well as to supplement the plant's endogenous system with human glycosyltransferases for non-immunogenic and humanized N-glycan production. Herein we review studies on the potential of plants to serve as production systems for therapeutic and prophylactic biopharmaceuticals. We have especially focused on recombinant vaccines and antibodies and new expression strategies to overcome the existing problems associated with their production in plants.