gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Case Study In The Use Of An Advanced Expert System Tool For Diagnosis Of Cardiovascular Disease (1986)

Software advancements have allowed significant progress in the development of computer expert systems. A case study was done with the goal of producing a prototype system to aid in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases using such advanced software techniques. A description of the system, named CARDIOLOGIST, is presented in this paper, along with a status report and a brief overview of the software tools used.
Towards Neural Speaker Modeling in Multi-Party Conversation: The Task, Dataset, and Models (2017)

Neural network-based dialog systems are attracting increasing attention in both academia and industry. Recently, researchers have begun to realize the importance of speaker modeling in neural dialog systems, but there lacks established tasks and datasets. In this paper, we propose speaker classification as a surrogate task for general speaker modeling, and collect massive data to facilitate research in this direction. We further investigate temporal-based and content-based models of speakers, and propose several hybrids of them. Experiments show that speaker classification is feasible, and that hybrid models outperform each single component.
An Introduction to the Bootstrap (1994)

An Introduction to the Bootstrap arms scientists and engineers as well as statisticians with the computational techniques they need to analyze and understand complicated data sets. The bootstrap is a computer-based method of statistical inference that answers statistical questions without formulas and gives a direct appreciation of variance, bias, coverage, and other probabilistic phenomena. This book presents an overview of the bootstrap and related methods for assessing statistical accuracy, concentrating on the ideas rather than their mathematical justification. Not just for beginners, the presentation starts off slowly, but builds in both scope and depth to ideas that are quite sophisticated.
Oral N-Acetyl-Cysteine Attenuates Loss of Dopaminergic Terminals in α-Synuclein Overexpressing Mice (2010)

Levels of glutathione are lower in the substantia nigra (SN) early in Parkinson's disease (PD) and this may contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may increase the accumulation of toxic forms of alpha-synuclein (SNCA). We hypothesized that supplementation with n-acetylcysteine (NAC), a source of cysteine--the limiting amino acid in glutathione synthesis, would protect against alpha-synuclein toxicity. Transgenic mice overexpressing wild-type human alpha-synuclein drank water supplemented with NAC or control water supplemented with alanine from ages 6 weeks to 1 year. NAC increased SN levels of glutathione within 5-7 weeks of treatment; however, this increase was not sustained at 1 year. Despite the transient nature of the impact of NAC on brain glutathione, the loss of dopaminergic terminals at 1 year associated with SNCA overexpression was significantly attenuated by NAC supplementation, as measured by immunoreactivity for tyrosine hydroxylase in the striatum (p = 0.007; unpaired, two-tailed t-test), with a similar but nonsignificant trend for dopamine transporter (DAT) immunoreactivity. NAC significantly decreased the levels of human SNCA in the brains of PDGFb-SNCA transgenic mice compared to alanine treated transgenics. This was associated with a decrease in nuclear NFkappaB localization and an increase in cytoplasmic localization of NFkappaB in the NAC-treated transgenics. Overall, these results indicate that oral NAC supplementation decreases SNCA levels in brain and partially protects against loss of dopaminergic terminals associated with overexpression of alpha-synuclein in this model.
Clinicopathological Significance of Loss of ARID1A Immunoreactivity in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma (2010)

Recent genome-wide analysis has demonstrated that somatic mutations in ARID1A (BAF250) are the most common molecular genetic changes in ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC). ARID1A mutations, which occur in approximately half of OCCC cases, lead to deletion of the encoded protein and inactivation of the putative tumor suppressor. In this study, we determined the significance of loss of ARID1A immunoreactivity with respect to several clinicopathological features in a total of 149 OCCCs. First, we demonstrated that ARID1A immunohistochemistry showed concordance with the mutational status in 91% of cases with 100% sensitivity and 66% specificity. Specifically, among 12 OCCC cases for which ARIDA mutational status was known, ARIDIA immunoreactivity was undetectable in all 9 cases harboring ARID1A mutations and was undetectable in one of 3 cases with wild-type ARID1A. With respect to the entire cohort, ARID1A immunoreactivity was undetectable in 88 (59%) of 149 OCCCs. There was no significant difference between ARID1A negative and positive cases in terms of histopathologic features, age, clinical stage, or overall survival. In conclusion, this study provides further evidence that mutations in ARID1A resulted in loss of ARID1A protein expression in OCCC, although no significant differences between ARID1A positive and negative cases were observed with respect to any clinicopathological features examined.
CCL17 and CCL22 chemokines within tumor microenvironment are related to infiltration of regulatory T cells in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (2009)

It has been reported that an increased population of regulatory T cells (T-regs) is one of the reasons for impaired anti-tumor immunity. We investigated the frequency of Foxp3(+) T-regs in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Furthermore, in order to elucidate the mechanisms behind T-regs accumulation within tumors, we evaluated the relationship between CCL17 or CCL22 expression and the frequency of Foxp3(+) T-regs. CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T-regs as a percentage of CD4(+) cells were counted by flow cytometry. The frequency of CCL17(+) or CCL22(+) cells among CD14(+) cells in tumors was also evaluated by flow cytometry. Moreover, an in vitro migration assay using T-regs derived from ESCC was performed in the presence of CCL17 or CCL22. The frequency of Foxp3(+) T-regs in TILs was significantly higher than that in the normal esophageal mucosa (24.6 +/- 10.0 vs 7.1 +/- 5.9%, P < 0.01). The frequency of Foxp3(+) T-regs in PBLs of ESCC patients was significantly higher than that in normal healthy donors (7.0 +/- 4.2 vs 2.5 +/- 1.0%, P < 0.01). Furthermore, the frequency of CCL17(+) or CCL22(+) cells among CD14(+) cells within tumors was significantly higher than that of normal esophageal mucosa, and there was a significant correlation between the frequency of CCL17(+) or CCL22(+) cells and Foxp3(+) T-regs in TILs. In addition, the in vitro migration assay indicated that T-regs were significantly induced to migrate by CCL17 or CCL22. In conclusion, CCL17 and CCL22 within the tumor are related to the increased population of Foxp3(+) T-regs in ESCC.
Management framework for used cooking oil collection (2013)

SUMMARY The production of waste pollutants has increased in recent decades at an impressive rate. These pollutants pose a threat to life on our planet, so it is increasingly important to process them correctly. Fortunately, today it is possible to obtain profit through the reuse and recycling of most of these residues, in particular, of vegetable oil, which is especially interesting due to the potential of transforming it into biodiesel. However, this process does present some constraints, mainly related to the operating costs associated with its collection. This paper proposes a new platform that aims to simplify the bureaucracy of the process and optimize the collection routes, thus maximizing the potential profit to be obtained from this business.
Protein complexes at the microtubule organizing center regulate bipolar spindle assembly (2008)

Bipolar spindle assembly is essential to genomic stability in dividing cells. Centrosomes or spindle pole bodies duplicated earlier at G(1)/S remain adjacent until triggered at mitotic onset to become bipolar. Pole reorientation is stabilized by microtubule interdigitation but mechanistic details for bipolarity remain incomplete. To investigate the contribution of spindle pole microtubule organizing center (MTOC) proteins in bipolarity, we applied genetic, structural and molecular biochemical analysis along with timelapse microscopy. Spindle formation was followed by an in vivo growth assay with the conditional allele cut7-22(ts), encoding fission yeast mitotic Kinesin-5, essential for bipolarity. By analysis of double and triple mutant strains of MTOC alleles and cut7-22(ts) we found that stabilized microtubules or increased bundling can rescue cut7-22(ts) associated bipolarity defects. These changes to microtubule dynamics and organization occurred through two surface domains on gamma-tubulin, a helix 11 domain and an adjacent site for binding MTOC protein Alp4. We demonstrate that Kinesin-14 Pkl1, known to oppose bipolarity, can bind to gamma-tubulin at helix 11 and that mutation of either of two conserved residues in helix 11 can impair Kinesin-14 binding. Altering the Alp4/gamma-tubulin interaction, conserved residues in helix 11 or deletion of pkl1 each are sufficient to rescue bipolarity in our cut7-22(ts) strain. Our findings provide novel insights into regulation of the bipolar mechanism through the MTOC complex.
Thermolyse und Photolyse von Benzotriazolyl‐(1)‐Derivaten (1970)

Abstract Photolyse und Thermolyse verschiedener Heterocytclen, substituiert mit einer Benzotriazolyl‐(1)‐Gruppe in Nachbarstellung zum Ringstickstoff ( 3a–k,4a–c ), wurden untersucht. Die Photolyse lieferte im Falle der Benzimidazol‐Derivate Benzimidazo [1.2‐ a ]benzimidazole ( 5 ), in allen anderen Fällen verlief sie undefiniert. Bei der Thermolyse in Polyphophorsäure entstanden nur in 4 Fällen definierte Produkte, und zwar die kondensierten Benzimidazole 7 – 10 . Die Funktion der Phosphorsäure bei diesen Pyrolysen wurde untersucht.
Multimodal diagnostic approach for functional imaging of tumor vascular network and blood microcirculation (2011)

We present a multi-modal optical diagnostic approach utilizing a combined use of Fluorescence Intravital Microscopy and Dynamic Light Scattering for in vivo functional imaging of tumor vascular network and blood microcirculation. Fluorescence Intravital Microscopy is used for imaging of tumor and tumor surroundings, whereas Dynamic Light Scattering is applied for imaging of vascular network and blood microcirculation. The obtained results demonstrate that presented multi-modal imaging approach has a great potential in vascular biology and can significantly expand the capabilities of tumor angiogenesis studies and notably contribute to the development of cancer treatment.
The complete mitochondrial DNA genome of an unknown hominin from southern Siberia (2010)

With the exception of Neanderthals, from which DNA sequences of numerous individuals have now been determined, the number and genetic relationships of other hominin lineages are largely unknown. Here we report a complete mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequence retrieved from a bone excavated in 2008 in Denisova Cave in the Altai Mountains in southern Siberia. It represents a hitherto unknown type of hominin mtDNA that shares a common ancestor with anatomically modern human and Neanderthal mtDNAs about 1.0 million years ago. This indicates that it derives from a hominin migration out of Africa distinct from that of the ancestors of Neanderthals and of modern humans. The stratigraphy of the cave where the bone was found suggests that the Denisova hominin lived close in time and space with Neanderthals as well as with modern humans.
1,3-Dipolar Addition Reactions with Vinylpyrroles (1980)

Diphenylnitrilimine and methyl nitrile oxide add regioselectively to l-substituted vinylpyrroles to give 5-substituted-4,5-dihydropyrazoles and 4.5-dihydroisoxazoles. respectively.These reactions and the corresponding cycloadditions involving p-chloro-phenyl sydnone and C-phenyl-N-phenylnitrone are LUMO(dipo1e) controlled.The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of diphenylnitrilimine, prepared in situ from a-chlorohenzaldehyde phenylhydrazone, with l-substituted vinylpyrroles proceeds rapidly at 80°c to give the 5-substituted-4,5-dihydropyrazoles (I) in high yield to the complete exclusion of the 4-isomer (11) . 2 The unequivocal identification of the adducts was achieved by mixed mp and by comparison of their ir and nmr spectra with those of the products obtained from the reaction of l-phenyl-3-(l-substituted pyrroly1)prop-2-en-l-one (111) with phenylhydrazine.Further 1 confirmation was provided by analysis of the H mnr chemical shifts and the spin--spin coupling constantsfor the ABX system of the dihydropyrazole ring (Table 1).
Revised MNDO parameters for silicon (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRevised MNDO parameters for siliconMichael J. S. Dewar, Eamonn F. Healy, James J. P. Stewart, James Friedheim, and Gilbert GradyCite this: Organometallics 1986, 5, 2, 375–379Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00133a029https://doi.org/10.1021/om00133a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of repeated exposure to 148‐MHz radio waves on growth and hematology of mice (1979)

The effects of repeated exposure of mice to RF energy (148 MHz) was investigated. Mice were exposed at 0.5 mW cm −2 (63.25 V m −1 ) in a TEM exposure chamber. They were irradiated for one hour a day, five days a week, beginning on the 4th to the 7th day postpartum , for ten weeks. The mice were divided into two equal groups to serve as sham‐irradiated controls and irradiated subjects. The animals were weighed daily from the beginning of irradiation treatments for ten weeks, and weekly thereafter. The results indicate that the formed elements in the blood of the mouse are not affected by exposure to low‐level VHF fields. The means of body mass of the irradiated and control animals were comparable, which indicates that the animals remained in comparably good health during irradiation.
Atmospheric fluidized-bed combustor design whose performance will significantly exceed conventional FBC operation performance. Final report (1982)

It is the goal of this project to bring forth a bench-scale design and test program to establish the merits of the circulating bed concept of atmospheric fluidized bed combustors (AFBC) and to show what the process development unit elements might be. The circulating fluid dynamics were modeled. From such a model the physical dimensions of a test system and the matrix for a test program can be established which will allow determination of parameters for scale-up evaluation of effectiveness and cost. This report presents an analysis of circulating bed boiler design methodology, alternative bench-scale designs for two coal feed levels (20 lbs/h and 80 lbs/h), including costs, and a test program. It is shown that the circulating bed concept has great merit for meeting DOE's advanced AFBC combustor criteria. A conceptual AFBC bench-scale design has been developed for an innovative AFBC system, specifically, a circulating bed boiler (CBB) for which two geometrically-similar designs, differing only in size, are presented.
Chronic granulomatous disease: Clinical, molecular, and therapeutic aspects (2015)

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare primary immunodeficiency caused by defects in the genes encoding any of the NADPH oxidase components responsible for the respiratory burst of phagocytic leukocytes. CGD is a genetically heterogeneous disease with an X-linked recessive (XR-CGD) form caused by mutations in the CYBB gene encoding the gp91(phox) protein, and an autosomal recessive (AR-CGD) form caused by mutations in the CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, or NCF4 genes encoding p22(phox) , p47(phox) , p67(phox) , and p40(phox) , respectively. Patients suffering from this disease are susceptible to severe life-threatening bacterial and fungal infections and excessive inflammation characterized by granuloma formation in any organ, for instance, the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract. An early diagnosis of and the prompt treatment for these conditions are crucial for an optimal outcome of affected patients. To prevent infections, CGD patients should receive lifelong antibiotics and antifungal prophylaxis. These two measures, as well as newer more effective antimicrobials, have significantly modified the natural history of CGD, resulting in a remarkable change in overall survival, which is now around 90%, reaching well into adulthood. At present, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only definitive treatment that can cure CGD and reverse organ dysfunction. Timing, donor selection, and conditioning regimens remain the key points of this therapy. In recent years, gene therapy (GT) for XR-CGD has been proposed as an alternative to HSCT for CGD patients without a matched donor. After the failure of the first trials performed with retroviral vectors, some groups have proposed the use of regulated SIN-lentiviral vectors targeting gp91(phox) expression in myeloid cells to increase the safety and efficacy of the GT protocols.
Learning Clinical Pathway Patterns by Hidden Markov Model (2005)

This paper adopts Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) for discovering clinical pathways. An HMM is a stochastic probabilistic model for modeling sequential or time-series data and easily incorporating new instances to update the model. This study demonstrates the proposed framework of discovering clinical pathway patterns by HMMs. The result shows that HMMs can accurately represent clinical pathways of Normal Spontaneous Delivery. Therefore, the HMM learning process can facilitate the medical professionals' knowledge sharing and promptly maintain up-to-date clinical pathways.
Requirements for contamination control in the gigabit era (1997)

The effect of contamination, especially particles and organic materials in cleanrooms, on future device manufacturing was estimated. The number of particles deposited on wafer surfaces was calculated based on particle size distribution in real cleanrooms and the reported data on particle deposition velocity. DRAM yield trend was then calculated taking only particles from the cleanroom environment into account. Killer particle size is assumed to be one-third of the feature size according to the SIA roadmap. In the Gigabit era, a class 0.1-0.01 level environment will be necessary even with a shortened TAT (turn around time). The lower limit of particle density in conventional cleanroom air was estimated to be class 0.1-1 Level by particle generation by people, suggesting the use of a mini-environment fab system to produce high-grade cleanliness. A mini-environment system is also preferable for eliminating other contaminants such as organic compounds. However, box material and additions must be reexamined from the viewpoint of organic contamination control because some organic materials generated from wafer box easily adsorb on silicon surfaces and change the surface conditions.
Rocketborne Rayleigh lidar for in situ measurements of neutral atmospheric density (1999)

We describe the design of a small Rayleigh scattering lidar for launch on a sounding rocket as well as the first, to our knowledge, in situ measurements of neutral number density performed with a rocketborne lidar in the mesosphere. The aim of the experiment is to study the dynamics of the neutral atmosphere with emphasis on turbulent structures and gravity waves. The altitude resolution of the density profile is better than 10 m. The uncertainty is 0.3% below 55 km and better than 1% to an altitude of 65 km. The lidar technique meets the requirement of measurement of total molecular density outside the shock front surrounding the supersonic payload, which is necessary for precision measurements of neutral atmospheric density. We have compared different component technologies and design approaches and show performance calculations for two electro-optical systems. The first system has laser and detector components that were available in 1993, the second has new solutions that became available in 1995. The second system has a signal-to-noise ratio that is five times higher than the first and employs a pulsed high-power laser diode array as the transmitter and a large-area avalanche photodiode as the receiver.
Resolution dependency of microstructural properties of cancellous bone based on three-dimensional μ-tomography (1996)

Micro-computed tomography (microCT) is an emerging technique for the non-destructive assessment and analysis of the three-dimensional cancellous bone architecture. However, the procedures the procedures and applications used to quantify bone structures are not yet standardized. The aim of this study was to provide more insight in the resolution-dependency of microstructural properties of three-dimensional trabecular bone. Ten iliac crest bone biopsies were measured using a newly devised microCT system providing a nominal isotropic resolution of 14 microns. To study the resolution dependency the measured data were reconstructed on reduced image arrays with reduction factors ranging from 2 to 20. To assess the structural properties, morphometric parameters were computed based on a truly three-dimensional approach. The results showed a strong resolution dependency of the structural properties and that, if very precise results are needed, only the highest resolution will predict the correct values. Nevertheless, since the properties either decrease or increase monotonously up to a nominal resolution of about 175 microns, the values appear to be restorable using a suitable calibration procedure.
Effects of the P-Selectin Antagonist Inclacumab on Myocardial Damage After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Non–ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (2013)

Inclacumab appears to reduce myocardial damage after PCI in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. (A Study of RO4905417 in Patients With Non ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction [Non-STEMI] Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; NCT01327183).
Design Automation [Guest editor's introduction] (1975)

The set of design tools and practices collectively known as "design automation" had its origin twenty years ago. The evolution of these practices as applied to the design of digital computers is nicely described by Preiss.<R>1</R> Since its inception, this field has expanded to include not only computer design, but also such diverse items as office space planning, ship building, land use, textile design, and computer software/firmware.