gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Building Association Link Network for Semantic Link on Web Resources (2011)

Association Link Network (ALN) aims to establish associated relations among various resources. By extending the hyperlink network World Wide Web to an association-rich network, ALN is able to effectively support Web intelligence activities such as Web browsing, Web knowledge discovery, and publishing, etc. Since existing methods for building semantic link on Web resources cannot effectively and automatically organize loose Web resources, effective Web intelligence activities are still challenging. In this paper, a discovery algorithm of associated resources is first proposed to build original ALN for organizing loose Web resources. Second, three schemas for constructing kernel ALN and connection-rich ALN (C-ALN) are developed gradually to optimize the organizing of Web resources. After that, properties of different types of ALN are discussed, which show that C-ALN has good performances to support Web intelligence activities. Moreover, an evaluation method is presented to verify the correctness of C-ALN for semantic link on documents. Finally, an application using C-ALN to organize Web services is presented, which shows that C-ALN is an effective and efficient tool for building semantic link on the resources of Web services.
Synthesis of 3,5-Disubstituted Butenolides. A Short Preparation of<i>Volatile Streptomyces Lactones</i> (1995)

Abstract α-Chloro carboxylic acid dianions condense with propanal to form β-lactones which, upon treatment with magnesium bromide, form 3,5-disubstituted butenolides.
An integral automation of industrial fruit and vegetable sorting by machine vision (2002)

Intensive fruit and vegetable sorting is a common task in productive regions. In order to meet the market standards, produce is classified according to quality levels that depend on maturity degree, weight, size, density, skin defects, etc. Probably the most important of these tasks involve automatic visual inspection. A distributed and scalable system for sorting automation is presented, that addresses all aspects of the quality classification mentioned above. The main characteristics of the system are: it can control from 1 to 10 conveyor belts; its maximum performance is 15 fruits per second per belt; apart from weight sensors, it combines infrared, color and ultraviolet images; some fruit defect modules are available to take account of the presence of a given defect.
Self-assembled ultra-small zinc stannate nanocrystals with mesoscopic voids via a salicylate templating pathway and their photocatalytic properties (2014)

Self-assembled ultra small zinc stannate nanocrystals with mesoscopic void spaces show high photocatalytic activity in the photodegradation of Rhodamine B.
Thick film wireless and powerless strain sensor (2006)

The development of an innovative wireless strain sensing technology has a great potential to extend its applications in manufacturing, civil engineering and aerospace industry. This paper presents a novel wireless and powerless strain sensor with a multi-layer thick film structure. The sensor employs a planar inductor (L) and capacitive transducer (C) resonant tank sensing circuit, and a strain sensitive material of a polarized polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric thick film to realize the wireless strain sensing by strain to frequency conversion and to receive radio frequency electromagnetic energy for powering the sensor. The prototype sensor was designed and fabricated. The results of calibration on a strain constant cantilever beam show a great linearity and sensitivity about 0.0013 in a strain range of 0-0.018.
Treatment of embolic stroke in rats with bortezomib and recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator (2005)

Stroke elicits a progressive vascular dysfunction, which contributes to the evolution of brain injury. Thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) promotes adverse vascular events that limit the therapeutic window of stroke to three hours. Proteasome inhibitors reduce vascular thrombotic and inflammatory events, and consequently protect vascular function. The present study evaluated the neuroprotective effect of bortezomib, a potent and selective inhibitor of the proteasome, alone and in combination with delayed thrombolytic therapy on a rat model of embolic focal cerebral ischemia. Treatment with bortezomib reduces adverse cerebrovascular events including secondary thrombosis, inflammatory responses, and blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and hence reduces infarct volume and neurological functional deficit when administrated within 4 h after stroke onset. Combination of bortezomib and tPA extends the thrombolytic window for stroke to 6 h, which is associated with the improvement of vascular patency and integrity. Real time RT-PCR of endothelial cells isolated by laser-capture microdissection from brain tissue and Western blot analysis showed that bortezomib upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and blocks NF-kappaB activation. These results demonstrate that bortezomib promotes eNOS dependent vascular protection, and reduces NF-kappaB dependent vascular disruption, all of which may contribute to neuroprotection after stroke.
P1‐331: Cerebrospinal Fluid Beta‐Amyloid 40 and 42 Quantitation Using a Novel Stabilization Technique (2016)

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-ß (Aß) 1-40 and 1-42 are important biomarkers in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD); patients progressing into AD show decreased levels of Aß42 relative to Aß40. Therefore, accurate quantitation of both Aß40 and Aß42 is crucial in determining a proper diagnosis. However, conventional methods of quantitating Aß40 and Aß42 are limited by poor reproducibility due to short stability, mainly caused by non-specific analyte binding. We have developed a novel approach to stabilize both Aß moieties, which prevents non-specific binding and aids long-term storage. Based on that technology, we created a highly accurate and precise CLIA-validated LC-MS/MS-based assay that quantitates both Aß40 and Aß42 from CSF. All plastic disposables were pre-treated, and Aß standards were stabilized to prevent non-specific binding and to enhance long-term storage stability. A strong denaturing, protein digestion was performed, followed by protein extraction and quantitation by LC-MS/MS. Stabilization of Aß peptides was achieved, allowing for long-term storage of calibrator and quality control standards. To date, calibrators have been stable for at least 8 months frozen. Validation data were generated during a 3-month time span using the same lot of standards. Linearity data show an R2 value of at least 0.98 for both peptides, with a %CV of ≤15% across 8 calibrator standards. Linearity recoveries of both Aß peptides ranged from 86.34% to 113.00%. Inter-assay precision %CV was ≤19.47%, with a recovery range of 81.38% to 119.30% for Aß40 and Aß42; 5 technical replicates of each level were used over the course of 5 separate days. Patient CSF Aß40 and Aß42 concentrations were higher than previously reported using current ELISA assays; this discrepancy is most likely due to the elimination of all non-specific binding and a higher rate of analyte recovery. This novel approach eliminated one of the main challenges in quantitating Aß40 and Aß42: poor reproducibility caused by non-specific binding. This robust assay was validated according to CLIA guidelines and could be used to standardize CSF Aß testing across different testing sites.
Hypercomplex signals-a novel extension of the analytic signal to the multidimensional case (2001)

The construction of Gabor's (1946) complex signal-which is also known as the analytic signal-provides direct access to a real one-dimensional (1-D) signal's local amplitude and phase. The complex signal is built from a real signal by adding its Hilbert transform-which is a phase-shifted version of the signal-as an imaginary part to the signal. Since its introduction, the complex signal has become an important tool in signal processing, with applications, for example, in narrowband communication. Different approaches to an n-D analytic or complex signal have been proposed in the past. We review these approaches and propose the hypercomplex signal as a novel extension of the complex signal to n-D. This extension leads to a new definition of local phase, which reveals information on the intrinsic dimensionality of the signal. The different approaches are unified by expressing all of them as combinations of the signal and its partial and total Hilbert transforms. Examples that clarify how the approaches differ in their definitions of local phase and amplitude are shown. An example is provided for the two-dimensional (2-D) hypercomplex signal, which shows how the novel phase concept can be used in texture segmentation.
Investigation of Lamb waves in copy paper using laser ultrasonics (1995)

At present, the paper industry lacks an on-line, noncontact quality control system. Several studies indicate that there are strong correlations between paper strength and elastic stiffness properties. These elastic properties or elastic coefficients can be determined by measuring the velocities of propagation of various ultrasonic waves. Lamb waves, for instance, propagate in paper and appear to be sensitive to paper strength. Experiments have been conducted with a laser-based system to both generate and detect ultrasonic Lamb waves in copy paper. Results obtained regarding the relationship between the generation laser spot size, power density, and ultrasonic signal strength are presented. Paper damage is assessed at the generation spot. Phase velocity dispersion curves are produced for those modes that have sufficient signal-to-noise ratio. These dispersion curves are then compared to those predicted by ortotropic plate theory. [Work supported by OIP-GT.]
Antifungal peroxide-containing acids from two Caribbean sponges (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntifungal peroxide-containing acids from two Caribbean spongesDouglas W. Phillipson and Kenneth L. Rinehart Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 26, 7735–7736Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00364a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00364a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views237Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Prevention of Cytomegalovirus Infection by Cytomegalovirus Immune Globulin After Marrow Transplantation (1983)

In an effort to prevent cytomegalovirus infection among seronegative patients having marrow transplants, a globulin with high antibody levels against cytomegalovirus was given before and for 11 weeks after transplantation in a randomized trial. Among 36 patients who received no prophylactic granulocyte transfusions, globulin recipients had significantly fewer infections than controls (2 of 17 versus 8 of 19, p = 0.05 by Fisher's exact test and p = 0.03 by Mantel-Cox test). Conversely, infection rates were high and unchanged by globulin use among patients who received granulocytes from seropositive donors (7 of 8 recipients versus 6 of 7 controls). The lack of effect of the globulin among patients receiving transfusions of granulocytes from seropositive donors may suggest that the dose of antibody was insufficient or that antibody is ineffective against virus transmitted in granulocytes. We conclude that cytomegalovirus infection can be prevented by immunoprophylaxis in seronegative patients having marrow transplants who are not given granulocyte transfusions.
Inheritance of Partial Resistance to Sclerotinia Stem Rot in Soybean (2000)

Little is known about the inheritance of partial resistance in soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] to sclerotinia stem rot, caused by the fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. This information would be useful to soybean breeders who are developing cultivars with resistance to sclerotinia stem rot. Our objectives were to study the inheritance of partial resistance to sclerotinia stem rot and to present the initial results from mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) that confer this resistance. The research was conducted by testing 152 F 3 ‐derived lines from a cross between a partially resistant cultivar, Novartis Seeds S19‐90 (formerly Northrup King), and a susceptible cultivar, Williams 82, for resistance to sclerotinia stem rot and agronomic traits at two Michigan locations in each of 2 yr. These lines were also evaluated for 123 genetic markers to map resistance genes. The resistance of the lines, measured with a disease severity index (DSI), was normally distributed across environments. Significant ( P < 0.05) genotypic variation, genotype × location, and genotype × year interactions were observed for DSI. The broad‐sense heritability estimate for DSI across both locations and years was 0.59. More severe disease was significantly correlated with greater lodging, later date of maturity, later R1 date, and greater plant height. Three QTL, explaining 10, 9, and 8% of the variability for DSI across environments, were mapped with genetic markers. Two of these QTL were also significantly associated with disease escape mechanisms such as plant height, lodging, and date of flowering. The other QTL was not significantly associated with escape mechanisms and may map one or more genes involved in physiological resistance to the disease.
Development of an optical triplicator for intravital video microscopy of oxygen saturation (1996)

The Optical Triplicator produces three copies of a portion of a microscopic image and places them side-by-side on the face of a video image tube, so that all three images can be viewed simultaneously in each video frame. The Optical Triplicator was used in an intravital microscopy assembly to obtain simultaneous images of a microvessel at three visible wavelengths selected to enable the accurate determination of oxygen saturation in microvessels of the hamster retractor muscle. An image processing system was used to obtain light intensity and optical density from video recordings made using the triplicator. Lumenal oxygen saturation profiles were determined using the measured intensity values and a published three wavelength photometric method.
Structural, optical, and magnetic properties of Mn and Fe-doped Co3O4 nanoparticles (2015)

Mn and Fe-doped Co3O4 nanoparticles were prepared by a simple precipitation method. The synthesized particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. XRD analysis showed the cubic structure of Co3O4. SEM and TEM images confirmed the formation of interconnected nanoparticles. Mn and Fe-doped Co3O4 showed broad absorption in the visible region compared to undoped sample and the band gap values are red shifted. Five Raman active modes were observed from the Raman spectra. FTIR spectra confirmed the spinel structure of Co3O4 and the doping of Mn and Fe shifts the vibrational modes to lower wave number region. The magnetic measurements confirmed that Fe-doped Co3O4 shows a little ferromagnetic behavior compared to undoped and Mn-doped Co3O4, which could be related to the uncompensated surface spins and the finite size effects.
Adding the Third Dimension to Virus Life Cycles: Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Icosahedral Viruses from Cryo-Electron Micrographs (1999)

SUMMARY Viruses are cellular parasites. The linkage between viral and host functions makes the study of a viral life cycle an important key to cellular functions. A deeper understanding of many aspects of viral life cycles has emerged from coordinated molecular and structural studies carried out with a wide range of viral pathogens. Structural studies of viruses by means of cryo-electron microscopy and three-dimensional image reconstruction methods have grown explosively in the last decade. Here we review the use of cryo-electron microscopy for the determination of the structures of a number of icosahedral viruses. These studies span more than 20 virus families. Representative examples illustrate the use of moderate- to low-resolution (7- to 35-Å) structural analyses to illuminate functional aspects of viral life cycles including host recognition, viral attachment, entry, genome release, viral transcription, translation, proassembly, maturation, release, and transmission, as well as mechanisms of host defense. The success of cryo-electron microscopy in combination with three-dimensional image reconstruction for icosahedral viruses provides a firm foundation for future explorations of more-complex viral pathogens, including the vast number that are nonspherical or nonsymmetrical.
A New Venue of TNF Targeting (2018)

The first Food and Drug Administration-(FDA)-approved drugs were small, chemically-manufactured and highly active molecules with possible off-target effects, followed by protein-based medicines such as antibodies. Conventional antibodies bind a specific protein and are becoming increasingly important in the therapeutic landscape. A very prominent class of biologicals are the anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drugs that are applied in several inflammatory diseases that are characterized by dysregulated TNF levels. Marketing of TNF inhibitors revolutionized the treatment of diseases such as Crohn's disease. However, these inhibitors also have undesired effects, some of them directly associated with the inherent nature of this drug class, whereas others are linked with their mechanism of action, being pan-TNF inhibition. The effects of TNF can diverge at the level of TNF format or receptor, and we discuss the consequences of this in sepsis, autoimmunity and neurodegeneration. Recently, researchers tried to design drugs with reduced side effects. These include molecules with more specificity targeting one specific TNF format or receptor, or that neutralize TNF in specific cells. Alternatively, TNF-directed biologicals without the typical antibody structure are manufactured. Here, we review the complications related to the use of conventional TNF inhibitors, together with the anti-TNF alternatives and the benefits of selective approaches in different diseases.
The IBM System/370 vector architecture: design considerations (1988)

The considerations that shaped the architecture of the IBM System/370 Vector Facility are reviewed. The architectural requirements, decisions, and innovations are summarized, and the rationale for the choices that were made is given. Issues related to vector function, performance, compatibility, migration, and integration with the rest of the System/370 architecture are covered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Relation of Reaction Time and Temperature to Chemical Composition of Pyrolysis Oils (1988)

Biomass pyrolysis tars have widely varying chemical compositions. As a result of this variation, the physical properties of the tars also vary over a wide range. For short-residence-time processing there is a direct correlation between chemical composition and operating temperature. As the temperature increases the oxygen content decreases and the hydrogen to carbon ratio decreases. Biological activity, as measured by mutagenic and tumor-initiating activity, also correlates with temperature. The activity appears only in the high- temperature tars which contain high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The effect of pressure and residence time on pyrolysis tar yield and quality is also shown. The addition of reducing gas and catalysts to the pressurized system results in product improvements which make comparisons to pyrolysis less straightforward.
Conversion of actinide and RE oxides into nitrates and their recovery into fluids (2007)

The conditions for uranium oxides completely convert into uranyl nitrate hexahydrate in nitrogen tetra-oxide media (75 deg. C, 0,5-3,0 MPa, [UO{sub x}]:[H{sub 2}O]:[NO{sub 2}]=1:8:6) were found out. The conversion of Pu contained simulator of oxide spent nuclear fuel of thermal reactors was successfully demonstrated. The possibility of uranium recovery up to 95% from TR SNF without plutonium separation from FP is practically showed, what corresponds with Non-proliferation Treaty. (authors)
INHIBITION OF ETHYLENE PRODUCTION AND ACC OXIDASE ACTIVITY IN AVOCADO BY ACETALDEHYDE VAPOURS (1995)

Exogenous application of acetaldehyde (AA) vapour (5000 ppm for 18 h) to peeled avocado fruits prior to storage caused inhibition of fruit ripening. This inhibition was characterized by a delay in fruit softening and reduction in ethylene production. Moreover, addition of 1aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC), the precursor of ethylene, to avocado disks (in situ) or to avocado extract (in vitro) showed that AA reduced ethylene production by inhibiting ACC oxidase activity. CO2 production and protein levels were the same in the control and treated disks. The levels of total free sulfhydryl (SH) group compounds increased, although the total amino acids level was reduced during ripening of the AA-treated avocado. AA treatment inhibited fruit pulp oxidation, while the control fruits oxidized and became brown.
Using bar-code technology to capture clinical intervention data in a hospital with a stand-alone pharmacy computer system (1996)

The use of bar-code technology to capture data on pharmacists' clinical interventions is described. At a hospital in Northern Ireland, patient-specific information could not be accessed through the pharmacy computer system. A system comprising six hand-held bar-code readers and software for downloading data was purchased. The pharmacy staff selected a range of fields for recording a wide array of data on clinical interventions, including the outcomes. Patient details that could not easily be bar-coded had to be recorded manually. The process was evaluated over three four-week cycles, with the data fields being revised after each cycle and the interventions being judged for their clinical appropriateness and their conformance to inhouse standards. After the third cycle, the need for manual recording of information was eliminated. A total of 857 interventions were made during the three cycles. Performance met or exceeded the standard for 7 (50%) of 14 indicators for the first cycle, 8 (53%) of 15 for the second cycle, and 13 (81%) of 16 for the final cycle. For all three cycles, the majority of the interventions were important and resulted in an improvement in the standard of care. A bar-code-driven data collection system successfully replaced a manual system for documenting pharmacists' clinical interventions.