gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy efficient source coding and modulation for wireless applications (2003)

A simple and energy efficient source coded on/off keying modulation and near optimal error detection scheme for wireless applications is presented in this paper. Many low-power battery operated radio systems, especially for microsensor applications, has a need for saving power both at the system level and circuit level implementation. Our main objective in this paper is to come up with energy efficient coded modulation scheme that consumes comparatively less power both at system and circuit level. A simple on/off keying (OOK) digital modulation scheme is used for this purpose. The basic idea of minimum energy coding (ME-coding) for source with known statistics (probabilities of occurrence of symbols) is obtained from [A.C. Erin and H.H. Asada, Dec. 1999]. In ME-coding scheme, source bits are mapped to constant length codes (ME-codes) which has less number of high-bits in it. Since the OOK transmitter consumes energy only when transmitting a high bit, mapping to ME-codes reduces the total energy consumed in RF transmitter. In this paper, we have come up with ME-coding scheme for sources with unknown statistics and we further propose a new method of code-by-code detection that can detect and correct certain errors in the codeword received. The inferior performance of OOK when compared to other simple modulation schemes is overcome by ME-coding. A total of about 6 dB improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) per bit is observed when a 3-bit message symbol is mapped to a 7-bit ME-code. It also performs 3 dB better than a Hamming (7,4)-coded BPSK.
MCAT to XCAT: The Evolution of 4-D Computerized Phantoms for Imaging Research (2009)

Recent work in the development of computerized phantoms has focused on the creation of ideal "hybrid" models that seek to combine the realism of a patient-based voxelized phantom with the flexibility of a mathematical or stylized phantom. We have been leading the development of such computerized phantoms for use in medical imaging research. This paper will summarize our developments dating from the original four-dimensional (4-D) Mathematical Cardiac-Torso (MCAT) phantom, a stylized model based on geometric primitives, to the current 4-D extended Cardiac-Torso (XCAT) and Mouse Whole-Body (MOBY) phantoms, hybrid models of the human and laboratory mouse based on state-of-the-art computer graphics techniques. This paper illustrates the evolution of computerized phantoms toward more accurate models of anatomy and physiology. This evolution was catalyzed through the introduction of nonuniform rational b-spline (NURBS) and subdivision (SD) surfaces, tools widely used in computer graphics, as modeling primitives to define a more ideal hybrid phantom. With NURBS and SD surfaces as a basis, we progressed from a simple geometrically based model of the male torso (MCAT) containing only a handful of structures to detailed, whole-body models of the male and female (XCAT) anatomies (at different ages from newborn to adult), each containing more than 9000 structures. The techniques we applied for modeling the human body were similarly used in the creation of the 4-D MOBY phantom, a whole-body model for the mouse designed for small animal imaging research. From our work, we have found the NURBS and SD surface modeling techniques to be an efficient and flexible way to describe the anatomy and physiology for realistic phantoms. Based on imaging data, the surfaces can accurately model the complex organs and structures in the body, providing a level of realism comparable to that of a voxelized phantom. In addition, they are very flexible. Like stylized models, they can easily be manipulated to model anatomical variations and patient motion. With the vast improvement in realism, the phantoms developed in our lab can be combined with accurate models of the imaging process (SPECT, PET, CT, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound) to generate simulated imaging data close to that from actual human or animal subjects. As such, they can provide vital tools to generate predictive imaging data from many different subjects under various scanning parameters from which to quantitatively evaluate and improve imaging devices and techniques. From the MCAT to XCAT, we will demonstrate how NURBS and SD surface modeling have resulted in a major evolutionary advance in the development of computerized phantoms for imaging research.
NMR study of complexes between low molecular mass inhibitors and the West Nile virus NS2B–NS3 protease (2009)

The two-component NS2B-NS3 protease of West Nile virus is essential for its replication and presents an attractive target for drug development. Here, we describe protocols for the high-yield expression of stable isotope-labelled samples in vivo and in vitro. We also describe the use of NMR spectroscopy to determine the binding mode of new low molecular mass inhibitors of the West Nile virus NS2B-NS3 protease which were discovered using high-throughput in vitro screening. Binding to the substrate-binding sites S1 and S3 is confirmed by intermolecular NOEs and comparison with the binding mode of a previously identified low molecular mass inhibitor. Our results show that all these inhibitors act by occupying the substrate-binding site of the protease rather than by an allosteric mechanism. In addition, the NS2B polypeptide chain was found to be positioned near the substrate-binding site, as observed previously in crystal structures of the protease in complex with peptide inhibitors or bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor. This indicates that the new low molecular mass compounds, although inhibiting the protease, also promote the proteolytically active conformation of NS2B, which is very different from the crystal structure of the protein without inhibitor.
Performance modeling of a JavaEE component application using layered queuing networks (2006)

Nowadays component technologies are an integral part of any enterprise production environment. Performance and scalability are among the key properties of such systems. Using Layered Queuing Networks (LQN), one can predict the performance of a component based system from its design. This work revises the approach of using LQN templates, and offers a case study by using the revised approach to model a realistic component application.
Simultaneous Detection and Quantification of Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, and Oesophagostomum bifurcum in Fecal Samples Using Multiplex Real-Time PCR (2007)

A multiplex real-time PCR was developed and evaluated for the simultaneous detection of Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, and Oesophagostomum bifurcum in fecal samples. Using well-defined control samples (N = 150), known positive fecal samples (N = 50), and fecal samples from an area in Ghana where human infections with all 3 nematode species are endemic (N = 339), the method proved to be highly specific and sensitive. Cycle threshold (Ct) values, reflecting parasite-specific DNA load, showed significant correlation with the intensity of infection as measured by microscopy using Kato-Katz fecal smears or by species specific third-stage larval count after coproculture. The multiplex real-time PCR described combined with the simple fecal sample collection procedure and the potential for high throughput makes this approach a powerful diagnostic tool to study species-specific transmission patterns of human hookworm-like infections. Moreover, this procedure facilitates monitoring of intervention programs and allows species-specific detection of treatment failure following rounds of mass treatment.
High-Volume Manufacturing of InGaP /GaAs HBT Wafers (2002)

An operational approach to manufacturing InGaP/GaAs HBT’s by MOCVD is presented. By comparison to published data on MBE grown AlGaAs/GaAs HBT structures, tighter distribution of DC parameters such as gain and Vbe is reported. Details of the underlying calibration and control methodology are presented.
Anticonvulsant Profile of Valrocemide (TV1901): A New Antiepileptic Drug (2001)

The results obtained in this study suggest that VGD has a broad spectrum of anticonvulsant activity and promising potential as a new AED.
Investigation of some materials as dry binders for direct compression in tablet manufacture. Part 2: Comparative self-binding properties. (1975)

Comparative self-binding qualities of four substances studied as potential dry binders for direct compression applications in tablet making were investigated. The effect of particle size of these materials on hardness, friability and hardness-friability ratio of disks made with mere binders was studied. The results showed that for comparable particle sizes, values of hardness-friability ratio of the various disks were in the following descending order: Plasdone, tragacanth, Carbowax 4000 and then mannitol.
Catalytic Tandem Friedel–Crafts Alkylation/C4–C3 Ring-Contraction Reaction: An Efficient Route for the Synthesis of Indolyl Cyclopropanecarbaldehydes and Ketones (2019)

A general strategy for the synthesis of indolyl cyclopropanecarbaldehydes and ketones via a Brønsted acid-catalyzed indole nucleophilic addition/ring-contraction reaction sequence has been exploited. The procedure leads to a wide panel of cyclopropyl carbonyl compounds in generally high yields with a broad substrate scope.
Solving peg-in-hole tasks by human demonstration and exception strategies (2014)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a new algorithm based on programming by demonstration and exception strategies to solve assembly tasks such as peg-in-hole. Design/methodology/approach – Data describing the demonstrated tasks are obtained by kinesthetic guiding. The demonstrated trajectories are transferred to new robot workspaces using three-dimensional (3D) vision. Noise introduced by vision when transferring the task to a new configuration could cause the execution to fail, but such problems are resolved through exception strategies. Findings – This paper demonstrated that the proposed approach combined with exception strategies outperforms traditional approaches for robot-based assembly. Experimental evaluation was carried out on Cranfield Benchmark, which constitutes a standardized assembly task in robotics. This paper also performed statistical evaluation based on experiments carried out on two different robotic platforms. Practical implications – The developed framework can have an important impact for robot assembly processes, which are among the most important applications of industrial robots. Our future plans involve implementation of our framework in a commercially available robot controller. Originality/value – This paper proposes a new approach to the robot assembly based on the Learning by Demonstration (LbD) paradigm. The proposed framework enables to quickly program new assembly tasks without the need for detailed analysis of the geometric and dynamic characteristics of workpieces involved in the assembly task. The algorithm provides an effective disturbance rejection, improved stability and increased overall performance. The proposed exception strategies increase the success rate of the algorithm when the task is transferred to new areas of the workspace, where it is necessary to deal with vision noise and altered dynamic characteristics of the task.
Microwave operation of GaN/AlGaN-doped channel heterostructure field effect transistors (1996)

We report on the microwave operation of 1 μm gate AlGaN/GaN doped channel heterostructure field effect transistors (DC-HFET's) with the cutoff frequency f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> of 18.3 GHz. These devices exhibit the cutoff frequency-gate length product in excess of 18 GHz/spl middot/μm, comparable to that of the state-of-the-art GaAs MESFET's. We explain these improvements in the device performance by the increased sheet carrier density in the device channel and by a reduction in the parasitic series resistances, caused by doping the device channel.
Digital coincidence detection: a scanning VLSI implementation (1993)

The authors have implemented a modular digital coincidence detection circuit in VLSI, which drastically reduces the size and increases the performance of the coincidence detection logic required in a PET (position emission tomography) scanner. Important acquisition features contained within this integrated solution include: prompt and delayed processing channels for each event-pair, with programmable coincidence time windows: an event time difference mode, which allows for a fast and accurate system timing calibration algorithm; programmable axial event acceptance, which provides acquisition flexibility from conventional 2-D through full 3-D sinogram sets; and programmable transaxial field of view, which provides an electronic collimator to ignore event-pairs outside of the desired field of view. The modularity of the design allows it to be used on various system geometries.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Infection by chikungunya virus modulates the expression of several proteins in Aedes aegypti salivary glands (2012)

Our study constitutes the first analysis of the protein response of Aedes aegypti salivary glands infected with CHIKV. We found that the differentially regulated proteins in response to viral infection include structural proteins and enzymes for several metabolic pathways. Some may favour virus survival, replication and transmission, suggesting a subversion of the insect cell metabolism by arboviruses. For example, proteins involved in blood-feeding such as the short D7, an adenosine deaminase and inosine-uridine preferring nucleoside hydrolase, may favour virus transmission by exerting an increased anti-inflammatory effect. This would allow the vector to bite without the bite being detected. Other proteins, like the anti-freeze protein, may support vector protection.
Challenges of neuropathic pain: focus on diabetic neuropathy (2020)

Neuropathic pain is a frequent condition caused by a lesion or disease of the central or peripheral somatosensory nervous system. A frequent cause of peripheral neuropathic pain is diabetic neuropathy. Its complex pathophysiology is not yet fully elucidated, which contributes to underassessment and undertreatment. A mechanism-based treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy is challenging but phenotype-based stratification might be a way to develop individualized therapeutic concepts. Our goal is to review current knowledge of the pathophysiology of peripheral neuropathic pain, particularly painful diabetic neuropathy. We discuss state-of-the-art clinical assessment, validity of diagnostic and screening tools, and recommendations for the management of diabetic neuropathic pain including approaches towards personalized pain management. We also propose a research agenda for translational research including patient stratification for clinical trials and improved preclinical models in relation to current knowledge of underlying mechanisms.
Steady-State Heat Flux Gauge (1961)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation E. A. Brown, R. J. Charlson, D. L. Johnson; Steady‐State Heat Flux Gauge. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 August 1961; 32 (8): 984–985. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1717585 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Gaseous hydroxides of cobalt and nickel (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGaseous hydroxides of cobalt and nickelGeoffrey R. Belton and Andrew S. JordanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1967, 71, 12, 4114–4120Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100871a060https://doi.org/10.1021/j100871a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Inhibition of Fibrin-Bound Thrombin by a Covalent Antithrombin-Heparin Complex (2002)

Numerous studies have shown that fibrin-bound thrombin (IIa) is protected from inhibition by antithrombin (AT) + heparin (H) due to the formation of a ternary fibrin.IIa.H complex. We investigated factors affecting the inhibition of fibrin.IIa by a covalent complex of AT and H (ATH). The rate of IIa reaction with ATH was decreased 2-3-fold by fibrin monomer as compared to 57-fold for AT + heparin with high AT affinity. Furthermore, although the reaction of AT + H with a IIa mutant with decreased H binding (RA-IIa) was inhibited 2-3-fold in the presence of fibrin, reaction rates of ATH + RA-IIa were not reduced by fibrin. The relative difference in the effect of fibrin on the ATH reaction with RA-IIa compared to that for reactions of AT + H with RA-IIa is consistent with the fact that, in the absence of fibrin, the rate of the ATH reaction with RA-IIa relative to IIa was much less reduced (8-fold) compared to the corresponding reactions of AT + H (decreased 306 fold). Similarly, the addition of excess H in the absence of fibrin gave only a small decrease in rate of ATH + IIa reaction. However, in the presence of fibrin, the addition of 40-fold excess H decreased the rate of ATH inhibition of IIa by 1 order of magnitude. Experiments with ATH containing low molecular weight heparin chains with low AT affinity showed that IIa inhibition requires ATH with long chains that activate the AT moiety. Finally, electrophoresis of fibrin +/- ((125)I-)IIa +/- ((125)I-)ATH on native and denaturing gels showed that ATH forms ATH-IIa complexes that remain bound to fibrin through the ATH component. Thus, ATH is a potent inhibitor of fibrin-bound IIa, likely due to the formation of fibrin.ATH-IIa as opposed to fibrin.IIa.H ternary complexes.
GPR39 Splice Variants Versus Antisense Gene LYPD1: Expression and Regulation in Gastrointestinal Tract, Endocrine Pancreas, Liver, and White Adipose Tissue (2007)

G protein-coupled receptor 39 (GPR39) is a constitutively active, orphan member of the ghrelin receptor family that is activated by zinc ions. GPR39 is here described to be expressed in a full-length, biologically active seven-transmembrane form, GPR39-1a, as well as in a truncated splice variant five-transmembrane form, GPR39-1b. The 3' exon of the GPR39 gene overlaps with an antisense gene called LYPD1 (Ly-6/PLAUR domain containing 1). Quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that GPR39-1a is expressed selectively throughout the gastrointestinal tract, including the liver and pancreas as well as in the kidney and adipose tissue, whereas the truncated GPR39-1b form has a more broad expression pattern, including the central nervous system but with highest expression in the stomach and small intestine. In contrast, the LYPD1 antisense gene is highly expressed throughout the central nervous system as characterized with both quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization analysis. A functional analysis of the GPR39 promoter region identified sites for the hepatocyte nuclear factors 1alpha and 4alpha (HNF-1alpha and -4alpha) and specificity protein 1 (SP1) transcription factors as being important for the expression of GPR39. In vivo experiments in rats demonstrated that GPR39 is up-regulated in adipose tissue during fasting and in response to streptozotocin treatment, although its expression is kept constant in the liver from the same animals. GPR39-1a was expressed in white but not brown adipose tissue and was down-regulated during adipocyte differentiation of fibroblasts. It is concluded that the transcriptional control mechanism, the tissue expression pattern, and in vivo response to physiological stimuli all indicate that the GPR39 receptor very likely is of importance for the function of a number of metabolic organs, including the liver, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and adipose tissue.
Modification and cross-linking parameters in hyaluronic acid hydrogels—Definitions and analytical methods (2012)

Definitions and methods for the quantification of degree of modification and cross-linking in cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels are outlined. A novel method is presented in which the HA hydrogel is degraded by the enzyme chondroitinase AC and the digest product analyzed by size exclusion chromatography combined with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (SEC-ESI-MS). This method allows for the determination of effective cross-linker ratio (CrR) which together with the degree of modification (MoD), determined by, e.g. (1)H NMR spectroscopy, enables the calculation of the degree of substitution (DS) and degree of cross-linking (CrD). The method, could be applicable to the major cross-linked HA hydrogels currently on the market, and is exemplified here by application to two HA hydrogels. The definitions and methods presented are important contributions in attempts to find relationships between MoD, DS and CrD to mechanical properties as well as to biocompatibility of HA hydrogels.
Associations between dairy production indices and lipoarabinomannan enzyme-immunoassay results for paratuberculosis. (1991)

Data from an epidemiological study in Ontario, involving 304 dairy herds, were used to identify associations between selected production indices and lipoarabinomannan antigen serological test results for paratuberculosis (LAM-ELISA). Analyses were conducted at both the herd and individual cow levels of organization. After analytically controlling for management and cow factors in the respective regression models, positive serological paratuberculosis status (as defined by the LAM-ELISA test), was associated with higher milk somatic cell counts at both the herd average (p less than 0.01), and individual cow levels of organization (p less than 0.0001). In contrast, LAM-ELISA test results were consistently not associated with calving intervals in either the herd average or individual cow level analyses. Associations between LAM-ELISA results and milk production were inconsistent. No associations were found at the herd level of organization, and LAM-ELISA results were not associated with a change in breed class average (BCA) for milk, between the previous and the most recent lactations of individual cattle. However, at the individual cow level, LAM-ELISA results were positively associated with higher milk production as measured by the current BCA (p less than 0.05), and individual cow average kg of milk produced per year of life since two years of age (p less than 0.0001).