gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Power Feed Techniques for Telephone Subscribers (1984)

This paper describes power feed techniques for telephone subscribers in a metallic two-wire digital subscriber loop system and optical fiber subscriber loop systems. In a metallic two-wire digital subscriber loop system, Digital Service Unit (DSU) and Digital Telephone (DTEL) are installed on the subscriber premises. Since the equipment has additional new service functions compared with the conventional analog telephone, the power consumption of the equipment is increased. Therefore, it is difficult to feed the equipment sufficiently using a conventional 48V constant-voltage power supply. A constant current supply method from the central office is suitable because constant power can be supplied with little energy loss, even if subscriber's line distance varies. It is also possible to simplify the DC-DC converter circuit in DSU. A high conversion frequency (150kHz) multi-output constant current converter has been developed for power feeding in NTT. The converter can feed eight subscribers and has good constant current output characteristics. In optical fiber subscriber loop systems, it is difficult to feed the customer's equipment with power from the central office. Therefore, an uninterruptible DC power supply, which includes batteries, has to be installed on the subscriber's premises. The power supply is composed of sealed lead-acid batteries and a multi-input converter which has rectifier and DC-DC converter functions. This low-cost converter is very small compared with the conventional rectifier and DC-DC converter. Sealed lead-acid batteries are used in the power supply due to low cost and easy maintenance.
[Proliferative activities, oncoprotein expression and their significance in human gliomas]. (1997)

It is suggested that the aberration of c-erbB-2, p21ras, EGF and EGFR might be the early events in the initiation and progression of gliomas, whereas p53 is involved in all stages of these tumors. PCNA could reflect the degree of malignancy to a certain extent.
Monomeric dialkylboranes (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMonomeric dialkylboranesEiichi Negishi, Jean Jacques Katz, and Herbert C. BrownCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 11, 4025–4027Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00766a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00766a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views187Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The theory of the workfunction of caesium suboxides and caesium films (1978)

The lower workfunction of caesium monolayer films compared with that of bulk caesium is explained as a size effect. By the uncertainty principle, confinement to a monolayer raises the electron kinetic energy and hence the Fermi energy leading to an equivalent fall in workfunction. This effect is substantial for alkali metals because of the low density of electrons per atom. A simple calculation is presented to substantiate this claim. The hypothesis that such a size effect is also important in determining the workfunction of the caesium suboxides is proposed. A simple model of the electronic structure of the caesium suboxides is proposed in which they are viewed as composed of regions approximating caesium metal with other regions, occupied by oxygen ions, which are highly repulsive to conduction electrons.
Role of Durum Wheat Composition on the Quality of Pasta and Bread (2008)

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) is the preferred raw material for the production of pasta worldwide and some speciality bread common in parts of Italy and the Mediterranean region. The quality of such foods in terms of texture, colour, flavour and appearance are determined by raw material quality, processing methods and other ingredients. This review focuses on the raw material composition and how these influence the dough characteristics and the end product quality. Protein has been known as an important component having an influence on the quality of pasta and bread. The glutenin and gliadin proteins, the types present and their ratio have been shown to influence dough properties. Attempts to increase the number of high molecular weight glutenin subunits to obtain more varied dough properties has the potential to improve the breadmaking properties of durum flour. Starch is more than an inert filler and recent research has shown the affect of varying the amylose content and ratio of large to small starch granules on pasta quality can be significant. Potentially new durum germplasm could be created and used in new food products. Other minor components like non-starch carbohydrates and lipids have received less attention. The former can have a large impact on the water absorption of durum flours and alter dough properties. Enzymes like lipoxygenase and polyphenol oxidase together with the lipid yellow pigments strongly impact the appearance of pasta foods. The results of recent research about these components on both pasta and bread quality using durum wheat are discussed.
High Efficiency of Hybrid Resumption in Distributed Data Warehouses (2006)

ETL processes are sometimes interrupted by occurrence of a failure. In such a case, one of the interrupted extraction resumption algorithms is usually used. In this paper we present a modified Design-Resume algorithm enriched by the possibility of handling ETL processes containing many loading nodes. We use the DR algorithm to resume a distributed data warehouse load process. The key feature of this algorithm is that it does not impose additional overhead on the normal ETL process. In our work we modify the algorithm to work with more than one loading node, and combine it with staging technique, which increases the efficiency of the resumption process. The combined algorithm, we name it hybrid resumption algorithm. Based on the results of performed tests, the benefits of our improvements are discussed
Intelligence systems (1999)

To effectively compete a firm needs to take advantage of their intellectual capital. However, intellectual capital alone is not sufficient to capitalize on the intellectual assets of the firm. An intelligence system is also necessary. We propose an intelligence system, consisting of four evolving components: a corporate data base of transaction processing and management information systems, a decision-making environment of decision support and expert systems, a corporate-wide ability to examine the information resources, and a knowledge center to support individual and group decision making. We meld this view of an intelligence system into a sociotechnical system framework as means to explain and juxtaposition knowledge work.
5-Aminofuro[3,2-c]pyridinium Tosylates and Substituted Furo[3,2-c]pyridine N-Oxides: Synthesis and Reactions (1999)

5-Aminofuro[3,2- c ]pyridinium tosylates 2a - 2c were synthesized by direct N -amination of furo[3,2- c ]pyridines 1a - 1c with O -(4-methylbenzenesulfonyl)hydroxylamine in dichloromethane. Zwitterionic furo[3,2- c ]pyridinium N -imides 3a - 3c generated from 2a - 2c and anhydrous potassium carbonate in N,N -dimethylformamide afforded by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions with dimethyl butynedioate or ethyl propiolate the corresponding furo[3,2- c ]pyrazolo[1,5- a ]pyridinecarboxylic esters 4a - 4c and 5a - 5c . Furo[3,2- c ]pyridine N -oxides 6a - 6c and their benzo derivative 6d were synthesized by reaction of 1 with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid in dichloromethane. Treatment of N -oxides 6 with benzoyl chloride and cyanide anion (Reissert-Henze reaction) was shown to produce the corresponding furo[3,2- c ]pyridine-4-carbonitriles 7 . In further transformations (acid and alkaline hydrolysis), the cyano group was converted successively to amide and carboxylic acid.
Safe delivery of optical power from space (2001)

More than a billion gigawatts of sunlight pass through the area extending from Earth out to geostationary orbit. A small fraction of this clean renewable power appears more than adequate to satisfy the projected needs of Earth, and of human exploration and development of space far into the future. Recent studies suggest safe and efficient access to this power can be achieved within 10 to 40 years. Light, enhanced in spatial and temporal coherence, as compared to natural sunlight, offers a means, and probably the only practical means, of usefully transmitting this power to Earth. We describe safety standards for satellite constellations and Earth based sites designed, respectively, to transmit, and receive this power. The spectral properties, number of satellites, and angle subtended at Earth that are required for safe delivery are identified and discussed.
A deep learning-based framework for two-step localization and characterization of acoustic emission sources in metallic panels using only one sensor (2019)

This study focuses on localizing and characterizing acoustic emission (AE) sources in metallic panels with rivetconnected doublers. In particular, a deep learning-based framework is proposed that first performs zonal localization with only one sensor and then depending on the zone in which the source occurs, either finds the coordinates of the source or characterize it based on its source-to-rivet distance. The performance of the framework is assessed in typical scenarios in which the training and testing conditions of the deep networks are not identical, and Hsu-Nielsen sources were carried out for validation.
Improvement of Performance Deviation and Productivity of MOSFETs With Gate Length Below 30 nm by Flash Lamp Annealing (2004)

The impact of new flash lamp annealing (FLA) technology, which both minimizes diffusion to yield a shallow junction and realizes low sheet resistivity, is investigated based on MOSFET fabrication and computer simulations. Productivity can be improved since FLA makes it possible to employ higher acceleration energy ion implantation and higher throughput. The MOSFET performance can be improved and its deviation suppressed by using FLA. In analyzing MOSFETs with gate length (L) of 20 nm by computer simulations, it was clarified that in contrast to spike annealing, the shallow junction realized by applying FLA to pMOSFET fabrication enabled the suppression of |I/sub off/| with a low channel surface dopant concentration. This provided a higher mobility value and a higher drive current. FLA is promising for improving the performance and productivity of sub-30-nm gate-length MOSFETs.
Association analysis between mood disorder and monoamine oxidase gene (2000)

To ascertain whether mood disorders, including bipolar and unipolar, are genetically associated with the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) or monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) gene in the Chinese population, 132 cases of mood disorder and 88 normal controls were genotyped for the MAOA(CA)n, MAOB(GT)n, and MAOB(TG)n loci by the method of amplification fragment length polymorphism. Among 132 cases with mood disorder, eight alleles (size: 112-126 bp) of locus MAOA(CA)n, 12 alleles (size: 168-198 bp) of locus MAOB(GT)n, and nine alleles (size: 195-213 bp) of locus MAOB(TG)n were observed. Comparison of the allele frequency of the three loci showed no difference between mood disorder cases and normal controls on average. When each group was stratified into several subgroups, significant differences were found. On the MAOA(CA)n locus, the frequency of 116 bp allele was higher in the female bipolar disorder cases (0.2581) compared with that in the female unipolar disorder patients (0.1154) (Z=2.15, p<0. 05). On the MAOB(GT)n locus, the frequency of 180 bp allele was higher in bipolar disorder patients (0.1579) than that in normal controls (0.0678) (Z=2.05, p<0.05). The frequency of this allele was even higher in female bipolar disorder patients (0.1719) than that in female normal controls (0.0541). On the MAOB(TG)n locus, the frequency of 205 bp allele was higher in female bipolar disorder patients (0.6406) than that in female normal controls (0.4375) (Z=2. 17, p<0.05). For the unipolar disorder patients, the frequency of this allele was higher in female cases (0.5222) than that in male cases (0.1818) (Z=3.49, p<0.05). As for association studies, significant association between bipolar disorder and MAOB gene was detected. For the 180 bp allele of MAOB(GT)n, the relative risk (RR) of biploar versus normal control was 2.58 (p<0.05), and the RR of female bipolar disorder versus female normal control was 3.63 (p<0. 05). For the 205 bp allele of MAOB(TG)n, the RR of female bipolar disorder versus female normal control was 2.29 (p<0.05). Am. J. Med. Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 96:12-14, 2000.
Pharmacogenetic Screening of CYP3A and ABCB1 in Relation to Population Pharmacokinetics of Docetaxel (2006)

The polymorphism C1236T in the ABCB1 gene was significantly related to docetaxel clearance. Our current finding may provide a meaningful tool to explain interindividual differences in docetaxel treatment in daily practice.
Organic Field Effect Transistors for Textile Applications (2005)

In this paper, several issues concerning the development of textiles endowed with electronic functions will be discussed. In particular, issues concerning materials, structures, electronic models, and the mechanical constraints due to textile technologies will be detailed. The idea starts from an already developed organic field-effect transistor that is realized on a flexible film that can be applied, after the assembly, on whatever kind of substrate, in particular, on textiles. This could pave the way to a variety of applications aimed to conjugate the favorable mechanical properties of textiles with the electronic functions of transistors. Furthermore, a possible perspective for the developments of organic sensors based on this structure are described.
Analysis of optical reflector based on circular coupled microring resonators (2009)

In this paper, we analyzed the reflective properties of optical reflector based on circular coupled microring resonators using the transfer matrix method. The reflective spectrum changes greatly for different inter-resonator coupling due to constructive and destructive interference for different wavelength. Coupled resonator induced transparency occurred when all the resonators are weakly coupled with each other. When the ring-ring is symmetric coupling, single narrow reflection peak can be obtained while single/multiple-peaks box-like profiles would be produced for asymmetric coupling. Optimization of the ring-bus and ring-ring coupling coefficients to achieve different reflective spectrum has been done to provide a design guideline for this novel structure.
Effects of moisture stress on cotton yields (1967)

Moisture stress applied when 36% of the cotton bolls were normally set resulted in yield production of 1.47 bales per acre, as compared with 2.37 bales with normal irrigation. Subjecting cotton plants to moderate moisture stress during the peak of the fruiting period (even though followed by normal irrigations) resulted in a shift of boll set to later in the season—a delay causing many bolls at the top of the plants to be unopened at harvest time.
MIME Security with Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) (1996)

This document describes how Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) can be used to provide privacy and authentication using the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) security content types described in RFC1847.
The manager's consultant: an intelligent framework for network management (2002)

The prototype application of a distributed problem-solving framework (DPSF) is described. The DPSF is made up of the coarse-grained multiagent systems defined as a set of computational agents that autonomously execute. cooperate, and coordinate each other to solve the network management problems. This loosely coupled heterogeneous system is connected by a common bus. In the proposed architectural components of the DPSF, the blackboard modulus consists of a data blackboard and a control blackboard, and knowledge sources (KSs) are composed of a local-planning KS, a metaplanning KS, a communication KS, a domain KS and a constraint KS. It is found that the DPSF offers advantages of performance, reliability, extensibility and the ability to handle incomplete data and knowledge.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Human cytomegalovirus‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes: requirements for <i>in vitro</i> generation and specificity (1983)

The nature of any virus-specific T cells involved in controlling human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in normal subjects harboring latent virus is unknown. As an approach to this problem, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) from normal seropositive subjects were cocultured with HCMV and responding T cells expanded in interleukin 2 (IL2)-dependent culture, determining in particular whether HCMV-specific cytotoxic T cells (Tc) were generated. Coculture of PBM with free HCMV resulted in the generation of short-term T cell lines of predominantly helper phenotype (Leu 3a+), expressing no cytotoxicity. However, when PBM were cocultured on HCMV-infected fibroblasts (autologous to the donor in these experiments) predominantly Leu 2a+ lines were generated, which lysed HCMV-infected cells. The cytotoxicity of these short-term IL 2-dependent lines was HCMV-specific and human HLA-restricted; HCMV-infected target cells expressing only early viral antigens were lysed. It is concluded that HCMV-specific Tc precursors are present in peripheral blood of latently infected individuals without preceding overt infection and that effector Tc may be capable of lysing infected cells prior to viral replication.
Performance Evaluation of LTE-CommSense System for Discriminating the Presence of Multiple Objects in Outdoor Environment (2020)

Long-term evolution (LTE)-CommSense is a novel instrumentation scheme, which analyzes channel-affected reference signals of LTE downlink signal to obtain knowledge about the environmental change. This paper presents the characterization of LTE-CommSense instrument to detect the presence or absence of objects in an outdoor environment. In addition, we analyze its capability of detecting and distinguishing when multiple objects are present. For performance evaluation and characterization of this instrument, we derive object detection accuracy, false acceptance rate (FAR), false rejection rate (FRR), and resolution which we believe are the most important figures of merit in this case. As the operation of LTE-CommSense is to detect events instead of objects, we redefine the concept of resolution for LTE-CommSense. Two different proposals to represent the redefined resolution, viz., Neyman-Pearson principle-based and Cramer-Rao principle-based resolutions, are presented here. All the performance metrics are derived using practical data captured using a software-defined radio (SDR) platform modeled as an LTE-CommSense receiver. We observe that LTE-CommSense provides better performance in detecting the presence or absence of objects at near range.
Simultaneous screening for osteoporosis at CT colonography: Bone mineral density assessment using MDCT attenuation techniques compared with the DXA reference standard (2011)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of lumbar spine attenuation measurement for bone mineral density (BMD) assessment at screening computed tomographic colonography (CTC) using central dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as the reference standard. Two-hundred and fifty-two adults (240 women and 12 men; mean age 58.9 years) underwent CTC screening and central DXA BMD measurement within 2 months (mean interval 25.0 days). The lowest DXA T-score between the spine and hip served as the reference standard, with low BMD defined per World Health Organization as osteoporosis (DXA T-score ≤ -2.5) or osteopenia (DXA T-score between -1.0 and -2.4). Both phantomless quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and simple nonangled region-of-interest (ROI) multi-detector CT (MDCT) attenuation measurements were applied to the T(12) -L(5) levels. The ability to predict osteoporosis and low BMD (osteoporosis or osteopenia) by DXA was assessed. A BMD cut-off of 90 mg/mL at phantomless QCT yielded 100% sensitivity for osteoporosis (29 of 29) and a specificity of 63.8% (143 of 224); 87.2% (96 of 110) below this threshold had low BMD and 49.6% (69 of 139) above this threshold had normal BMD at DXA. At L(1) , a trabecular ROI attenuation cut-off of 160 HU was 100% sensitive for osteoporosis (29 of 29), with a specificity of 46.4% (104 of 224); 83.9% (125 of 149) below this threshold had low BMD and 57.5% (59/103) above had normal BMD at DXA. ROI performance was similar at all individual T(12) -L(5) levels. At ROC analysis, AUC for osteoporosis was 0.888 for phantomless QCT [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.780-0.946] and ranged from 0.825 to 0.853 using trabecular ROIs at single lumbar levels (0.864; 95% CI 0.752-0.930 at multivariate analysis). Supine-prone reproducibility was better with the simple ROI method compared with QCT. It is concluded that both phantomless QCT and simple ROI attenuation measurements of the lumbar spine are effective for BMD screening at CTC with high sensitivity for osteoporosis, as defined by the DXA T-score.
Remodeling of resistance arteries in essential hypertension and effects of antihypertensive treatment (2004)

Essential hypertension is characterized by increased peripheral vascular resistance to blood flow. This resistance results mostly from energy dissipation in small arteries and arterioles. Small decreases in the lumen of these arteries significantly increase resistance. Resistance arteries may play an important role in the development, and may contribute to the complications, of hypertension. Recent studies have demonstrated that the media-lumen ratio of small arteries has prognostic significance in relation to cardiovascular events in hypertensive subjects. Almost all hypertensive patients have vascular-structure remodeling; however, only some exhibit endothelial dysfunction. In particular, endothelial dysfunction is less common in mild hypertension. In both experimental models and humans with hypertension, antihypertensive treatment may partially correct the remodeling of small arteries and arterioles. Some antihypertensive drugs can correct small artery structure and impaired endothelial function. Because the degree of remodeling predicts events in hypertensive subjects, and endothelial dysfunction results from the oxidative stress that may also predict events, correction of small artery structure and function may favorably affect outcomes in hypertension. This improvement in morbidity and mortality end points could be a long-term effect, however, making it difficult to prove in trials lasting 3 to 5 years. Nevertheless, many patients with hypertension will be treated for decades; therefore, the potential long-term benefits of vascular protection might be quite important.