gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decomposing the time-frequency representation of EEG using non-negative matrix and multi-way factorization (2006)

We demonstrate how non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) can be used to decompose the inter trial phase coherence (ITPC) of multi-channel EEG to yield a unique decomposition of time-frequency signatures present in various degrees in the recording channels.The NMF optimization is easily generalized to a parallel factor (PARAFAC) model to form a non-negative multi-way factorization (NMWF).While the NMF can examine subject specific activities the NMWF can effectively extract the most similar activities across subjects and or conditions.The methods are tested on a proprioceptive stimulus consisting of a weight change in a handheld load.While somatosensory gamma oscillations have previously only been evoked by electrical stimuli we hypothesized that a natural proprioceptive stimulus also would be able to evoke gamma oscillations.ITPC maxima were determined by visual inspection and these results were compared to the NMF and NMWF decompositions.Agreement between the results of the visual pattern inspection and the mathematical decompositions was satisfactory showing two significant coherent activities; the predicted 40Hz activity 60 ms after stimulus onset in the frontal-parietal region contralateral to stimulus side and additionally an unexpected 20Hz activity slightly lateralized in the frontal central region.Consequently, also proprioceptive stimuli are able to elicit evoked gamma activity.
Antibody Prophylaxis Against Dengue Virus 2 Infection in Non-Human Primates (2016)

Passive immunization with anti-dengue virus (DENV) immune serum globulin (ISG) or monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) may serve to supplement or replace vaccination for short-term dengue immune prophylaxis. In the present study, we sought to establish proof-of-concept by evaluating several DENV-neutralizing antibodies for their ability to protect rhesus macaques against viremia following live virus challenge, including human anti-dengue ISG, and a human Mab (Mab11/wt) and its genetically engineered variant (Mab11/mutFc) that is unable to bind to cells with Fc gamma receptors (FcγR) and potentiate antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). In the first experiment, groups of animals received ISG or Mab11/wt at low doses (3-10 mg/kg) or a saline control followed by challenge with DENV-2 at day 10 or 30. After passive immunization, only low-titered circulating virus-neutralizing antibody titers were measured in both groups, which were undetectable by day 30. After challenge at day 10, a reduction in viremia duration compared with the control was seen only in the ISG group (75%). However, after a day 30 challenge, no reduction in viremia was observed in both immunized groups. In a second experiment to test the effect of higher antibody doses on short-term protection, groups received either ISG, Mab11/wt, Mab11/mutFc (each at 25 mg/kg) or saline followed by challenge with DENV-2 on day 10. Increased virus-neutralizing antibody titers were detected in all groups at day 5 postinjection, with geometric mean titers (GMTs) of 464 (ISG), 313 (Mab11/wt), and 309 (Mab11/mutFc). After challenge, there was complete protection against viremia in the group that received ISG, and a reduction in viremia duration of 89% and 83% in groups that received Mab11/wt and Mab11/mutFc, respectively. An in vitro ADE assay in Fcγ receptor-bearing K562 cells with sera collected immediately before challenge showed increased DENV-2 infection levels in the presence of both ISG and Mab11/wt, which peaked at a serum dilution of 1:90, but not in Mab11/mutFc containing sera. The results suggest that antibody prophylaxis for dengue might be beneficial in eliminating or reducing viral loads thereby minimizing disease progression. Our results also suggest that blocking FcγR interactions through Mab11 Fc engineering may further prevent ADE.
A unifying model for representing time-varying graphs (2015)

Graph-based models form a fundamental aspect of data representation in Data Sciences and play a key role in modeling complex networked systems. In particular, recently there is an ever-increasing interest in modeling dynamic complex networks, i.e. networks in which the topological structure (nodes and edges) may vary over time. In this context, we propose a novel model for representing finite discrete Time-Varying Graphs (TVGs), which are typically used to model dynamic complex networked systems. We analyze the data structures built from our proposed model and demonstrate that, for most practical cases, the asymptotic memory complexity of our model is in the order of the cardinality of the set of edges. Further, we show that our proposal is an unifying model that can represent several previous (classes of) models for dynamic networks found in the recent literature, which in general are unable to represent each other. In contrast to previous models, our proposal is also able to intrinsically model cyclic (i.e. periodic) behavior in dynamic networks. These representation capabilities attest the expressive power of our proposed unifying model for TVGs. We thus believe our unifying model for TVGs is a step forward in the theoretical foundations for data analysis of complex networked systems.
Pyruvate reduces anoxic injury and free radical formation in perfused rat hepatocytes (1996)

The effects of 5 mM pyruvate on anoxic injury, superoxide (O2-.) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release during reoxygenation after 2.5 h anoxia were studied in perfused rat hepatocytes. When pyruvate was present during anoxia and reoxygenation, there was little anoxic injury, and the generation of free radicals and LDH release during reoxygenation were reduced 50-60%. When Pyruvate was added during reoxygenation, there was no decrease in O2-. or LDH release, although H2O2 formation was depressed. Free radical formation and anoxic/reperfusion injury were significantly reduced when pyruvate was added during the anoxic period only. Pyruvate reduced the deleterious effects of 10 microM antimycin A by preventing the increase in O2-. formation and LDH release evoked by the inhibitor. These results indicate that pyruvate protected hepatocytes against anoxic injury and that its protective action occurred principally during anoxia and not during reoxygenation. Pyruvate appeared to act at a mitochondrial site, since it reduced the deleterious effects of antimycin A.
Synthesis of the Eight Enantiomerically Pure Diastereomers of the 12-F<sub>2</sub>-Isoprostanes (2002)

Syntheses of the eight enantiomerically pure diastereomers of the 12-F(2)-isoprostanes (4-11) are described. The key steps included rhodium-mediated intramolecular cyclopropanation and enzymatic resolution of the racemic diol 12.
Photosensitive polymers containing diaryliodonium salt groups in the main chain (1979)

Abstract Photosensitive polyimidothioethers were prepared by the base‐catalyzed condensation of bisthiols with 4,4′‐( N ‐maleimido)diphenyliodonium chloride. Copolymers with other bismaleimide monomers were also prepared. The ultraviolet‐induced degradation of two of the copolymers was studied and the effects of light intensity on the rate of photolysis determined. It was also demonstrated that the range of spectral sensitivity of these polymers can be extended into the visible region through the use of dye sensitizers.
Gate-Voltage Control of Oxygen Diffusion on Graphene (2011)

We analyze the diffusion of oxygen atoms on graphene and its dependence on the carrier density controlled by a gate voltage. We use density functional theory to determine the equilibrium adsorption sites, the transition state, and the attempt frequency for different carrier densities. The ease of diffusion is strongly dependent on carrier density. For neutral graphene, we calculate a barrier of 0.73 eV; however, upon electron doping the barrier decreases almost linearly to reach values as low as 0.15 eV for densities of -7.6×10(13) cm(-2). This implies an increase of more than 9 orders of magnitude in the diffusion coefficient at room temperature. This dramatic change is due to a combined effect of bonding reduction in the equilibrium state and bonding increase at the transition state and can be used to control the patterning of oxidized regions by an adequate variation of the gate voltage.
EL DERECHO DE AUTOR Y EL COMBATE A LA PIRATERÍA (2013)

EN MEXICO, LAS GANANCIAS POR LA VENTA DE PRODUCTOS APOCRIFOS SE ESTIMAN EN VARIOS MILLONES DE DOLARES ANUALES. EN 2011, OCHO DE CADA 10 MEXICANOS COMPRARON O DESCARGARON DISCOS COMPACTOS O DVD DE MUSICA, PELICULAS Y SERIES, O ADQUIRIERON CALZADO, ROPA, TEXTILES Y PERFUMES DE PROCEDENCIA ILEGAL, SEGUN LA CUARTA ENCUESTA DE HABITOS DE CONSUMO DE PRODUCTOS PIRATA Y FALSIFICADOS, REALIZADA POR LA AMERICAN CHAMBER.
Contribution of proteomics to tumor immunology (2001)

In the postgenome era, the global analysis of gene and protein expression is allowed at RNA and protein level by microarrays and proteomics. The application of these complementary approaches provides new opportunities for tumor immunology investigation. Indeed, applied to the study at the molecular level of the differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells which are the most potent antigen presenting cells, microarray analysis has identified important changes in a large number of genes, whereas the proteomic analysis provided information that could not be obtained at the RNA level, such as the separation of different isoforms and the characterization of post-translational modifications. On the other hand, proteomics allows serological screening of tumor antigens. Indeed, two-dimensional (2-D) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis allows simultaneously separation several thousand individual proteins from tumor tissue or tumor cell lines. Proteins eliciting humoral response in cancer are identified by 2-D Western blot using cancer patient sera, followed by mass spectrometry analysis and database search. Applied to different types of cancer, the proteome based approach has allowed us to define several tumor antigens. The common occurrence of autoantibodies to certain of these proteins in different cancers may be useful in cancer screening and diagnosis as well as for immunotherapy.
Epithelial and prostatic marker expression in short-term primary cultures of human prostate tissue samples (2005)

Despite the high incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa), molecular and genetic events involved in its progression remain poorly understood due to difficulty in establishing premalignant lesions and primary tumors in vitro. The most used cancer cell lines, which have been established primarily from metastatic lesions, do not accurately recapitulate the biological behaviour of primary tumors as compared to primary cultures generated from clinical PCa specimens. However, prostate primary cultures contain a mixture of different cell types which must be characterized completely to obtain reproducible information for studying the biology of single tumors and for evaluating the effectiveness of therapeutical approaches. In this report we show the differential expression of epithelial and prostatic markers in 30 PCa-, 6 high grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN)- and 6 BPH-derived primary cell cultures. After organoids attached, outgrowths appeared with cells maintaining close cell-to-cell associations: cell colonies express either cyto-keratin 14 [K14 (20-60%)], or cytokeratin 18 [K18 (10-70%)] with moderately high levels of androgen receptor (AR), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and kallikrein (hK2). The differences observed for K14 immunostaining was not statistically different between PIN- and BPH-derived cultures, whereas the difference of expression of the same marker resulted highly significant (p<0.001) in the comparison between PIN- and PCa-derived cultures and between BPH- and PCa-derived cultures. In addition, the percentage of positivity for lumenal K18 was statistically lower for BPH cultures respect to the positivity observed for both PIN and PCa-derived cultures (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively). A reduced expression of K18+ cells, without modification in K14 expression, was evident in high grade PCa in which we observed also an increment in K5 expression representing an intermediate basal/differentiating epithelial cell marker. The primary cultures derived from prostatic tissues can be an extremely important method to study genetic and molecular changes involved in PCa progression.
Rapid phylogenetic and functional classification of short genomic fragments with signature peptides (2012)

Classification by exact matching against a precomputed list of signature peptides provides comparable results to existing techniques for reads longer than about 300 bp and does not degrade severely with shorter reads. Orders of magnitude faster than existing methods, the approach is suitable now for inclusion in analysis pipelines and appears to be extensible in several different directions.
A Self-learning Video-based Face Recognition System (2006)

This paper presents a self-learning video-based face recognition system, which is targeted for the future intelligent home security or entertainment application. Unsupervised learning methods, temporal information, and the video context related logic rules are combined to keep the system running in an unsupervised way. Experiments demonstrate the robustness of the proposed prototype in unconstraint backgrounds.
Brightfield multiplex immunohistochemistry with multispectral imaging (2020)

Brightfield microscopy is the preferred method of pathologists for diagnosing solid tumors, utilizing common staining techniques such as hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). However, as our understanding of the complex tumor microenvironment grows, there is increasing demand for multiplexed biomarker detection. Currently, multiplexed IHC assays are almost exclusively based on immunofluorescence because brightfield techniques are limited by the broad spectral absorption of chromogens and a reliance on conventional 3-channel color cameras. In this work, we overcome these limitations by combining new chromogens possessing narrow absorbance bands with matched illumination channels and monochrome imaging. Multiplex IHC was performed using four or five covalently deposited chromogens and hematoxylin nuclear stain to preserve morphological context and detail. Brightfield illumination was provided with a tungsten lamp/filter wheel combination or filtered light emitting diodes to provide up to 12 illumination wavelengths. In addition, an automated rapid imaging system was developed, using a synchronized 12-LED illuminator, that could capture images at all wavelengths in under 1 s. In one example, a four-biomarker multiplex assay was designed and used to distinguish regions of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in non-small cell lung cancer. The technology was also validated with a five-biomarker assay in prostate cancer. Spectrally unmixed images of each biomarker demonstrated concordant expression patterns with DAB single stain on serial sections, indicating faithful identification of each biomarker. In each assay, all chromogens were well resolved by spectral unmixing to remove spectral crosstalk. While further characterization and refinement of the assay, and improvements in automation and user interface are necessary for pathologist acceptance, this approach to multiplex IHC and multispectral imaging has the potential to accelerate adoption of multiplexing by combining the medical value of high-order multiplexing with the speed, pathologist familiarity, and broadly established clinical utility of brightfield microscopy.
Solvent Effect on the Self-Assembled Structure of an Amphiphilic Perylene Diimide Derivative (2008)

An amphiphilic electron-deficient (n-type) perylene diimide has been synthesized and characterized. The diimide contains a hydrophobic long chain on one end and a hydrophilic ethoxy chain on the other. The self-assembly of this molecule in polar and nonpolar solvents has been demonstrated by concentration- and temperature-dependent absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. Analysis of the spectral change for the aggregates shows typical J-aggregates for structures precipitated from polar solvents and H-aggregates for structures precipitated from nonpolar solvents. SEM and TEM micrographs and a suggested packing scheme, compatible with the formation of nanostrips in nonpolar solvents and nanofibers in polar solvents, are presented.
pH-Dependent Association-Dissociation of GM1-β-Galactosidase Purified from Porcine Spleen (1980)

A beta-galactosidase [EC 3.1.23] catalyzing the hydrolysis of GM1-ganglioside was purified from porcine spleen to a homogeneous form. By applying a hydrophobic chromatography procedure as the first purification step, the enzyme could be purified through subsequent purification steps as a dissociated form. The purified enzyme was a monomer with an apparent molecular weight of 70,000-74,000 at neutral pH and associated to a dimer with an apparent molecular weight of 158,000-160,000 at acidic pH, near optimal for its activity (pH 4.6). It had specific activities of 1,820 mumol/mg/h towards GM1 with an apparent Km of 3.18 X 10(-5) M, 1,880 mumol/mg/h towards lactosylceramide with an apparent Km of 1.99 X 10(-4) M, and 1,340 mumol/mg/h towards p-nitrophenyl-beta-galactopyranoside (pNp-beta galactoside) with an apparent Km of 2,14 X 10(-4) M. Kinetic studies suggested that common catalytic site(s) cleaved the two natural substrates mentioned above.
Library based x-ray scatter correction for dedicated cone beam breast CT (2016)

The library-based scatter correction does not require increase in radiation dose or hardware modifications, and it improves over the existing methods on implementation simplicity and computational efficiency. As demonstrated through patient studies, the authors' approach is effective and stable, and is therefore clinically attractive for CBBCT imaging.
Online AUC Maximization (2011)

Most studies of online learning measure the performance of a learner by classification accuracy, which is inappropriate for applications where the data are unevenly distributed among different classes. We address this limitation by developing online learning algorithm for maximizing Area Under the ROC curve (AUC), a metric that is widely used for measuring the classification performance for imbalanced data distributions. The key challenge of online AUC maximization is that it needs to optimize the pairwise loss between two instances from different classes. This is in contrast to the classical setup of online learning where the overall loss is a sum of losses over individual training examples. We address this challenge by exploiting the reservoir sampling technique, and present two algorithms for online AUC maximization with theoretic performance guarantee. Extensive experimental studies confirm the effectiveness and the efficiency of the proposed algorithms for maximizing AUC. 1.
Hardware EDF scheduler implementation on controller area network controller (2009)

Controller area network (CAN) is widely used in real-time automobile control and is gaining wider acceptance as a standard for automotive networking. The applicability of earliest deadline (EDF) techniques to the scheduling of CAN messages has been shown in previous researches. Earliest deadline can guarantee higher network utilization than fixed-priority schemes like deadline or rate monotonic (DM, RM), but the EDF technique continuous deadlines (priorities) update at each scheduling round results in high CPU overhead. The paper describes a way to decrease such CPU overhead by implementing EDF scheduler dedicated hardware and embedding it within the CAN controller open core IP. Consequently high reduction in CPU overhead is achieved. This paper also validates the design and implementation of the hardware EDF algorithm on a commonly used CAN controller connected on a SoC design. Hence, this paper can be considered as introducing a new generation of more efficient CAN controllers to be used in several industry domains.
Rat liver UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. Sequence and expression of a cDNA encoding a phenobarbital-inducible form. (1986)

The cDNA encoding a phenobarbital-inducible form of rat liver UDP-glucuronosyltransferase has been isolated, sequenced, and expressed to yield a catalytically active enzyme. The cDNA was found to be 1,961 nucleotides in length and to have an open reading frame of 1,590 nucleotides flanked by 25 and 346 base pairs of 5' and 3' untranslated regions, respectively. The open reading frame encodes a protein of 529 residues (Mr = 60,484) and contains amino-terminal and carboxy-terminal segments characteristic of a signal peptide and a transmembrane-anchoring region, respectively. Two potential asparagine-linked glycosylation sites are located between these segments. In an in vitro transcription-translation reaction, the cDNA directed the synthesis of a 52,000-dalton polypeptide with immunologic epitopes characteristic of native microsomal UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. This in vitro synthesized polypeptide was cleaved and glycosylated when dog pancreatic microsomes were included in the in vitro reaction. The coding region of the cDNA was inserted into a SV40 recombinant vector, and this construct transfected into permissive monkey kidney cells. Seventy hours after transfection, the glucuronidation of 4-methylumbelliferone was detected in lysates of cells containing the cDNA in the correct orientation with respect to SV40 transcription signals. This experimental approach should allow definitive characterization of the structure, function, and heterogeneity of this major family of drug-metabolizing enzymes.
Bandwidth Enhancement of Microstrip Antennas with Metamaterial Bilayered Substrates (2007)

Cavity resonator is introduced into microstrip structure. By eliminating the frequency parameter of cavity modes, microstrip antennas with metamaterial bilayered substrates are demonstrated the bandwidth enhancement. Lossy effects on the performance of the antennas are also considered. Finally, for less intricate antenna realization, single negative metamaterial-based microstrip antennas are designed with the same scheme and also achieve greatly enhanced bandwidth.
Application of Pd/Co multilayers for perpendicular magnetic recording (1994)

We demonstrate that Pd/Co multilayers can have superior properties for perpendicular magnetic recording media using a contact probe head. The multilayers are capable of generating relatively large signal amplitudes compared to conventional perpendicular CoCrTa alloy media, with a more than twofold increase in signal amplitude at 145 kilo flux changes per inch. We have also investigated the effect of Cr alloying of the Co layer to reduce the demagnetization energy of the magnetic layer. Cr reduced both the demagnetizing energy of the magnetic layer and the surface anisotropy of the Pd/CoCr interface.