gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Auditory Processing After Sport-Related Concussions (2011)

The pattern of results suggests that sport-related concussions can disrupt the neurological mechanisms implicated in several auditory processes, including monaural low-redundancy speech recognition, tone pattern recognition, and dichotic listening.
Cloud computing: Technology, security issues and solutions (2017)

The concept of cloud computing can be traced back to almost the middle of last century. Cloud paradigm offers scalable, portable, platform-independent, ubiquitous, shared resilient, sustainable, and near-utility computing. The cloud computing is implemented as a software-only solution or based on advanced hardware supported virtualization technology. This paper presents the fundamental technology behind the cloud computing. Cloud computing posit as a utopia to solve multitudes of challenges of the current time. But in practice security is a major road block to its widespread adoption. This paper discusses the security issues of the cloud computing. Further the paper illustrates upon the security solutions for the virtualization and web services, two major enabling technologies of cloud computing. It also explains the novel concept of integrating the multi-level security in all of the cloud offerings in contrast to the security-as-a-service concept. Finally paper mentions the important guidelines for the development of service level agreements.
Classification of Glass Fragments Based on Elemental Composition and Refractive Index* (2008)

The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of likelihood ratio (LR)-based measures when they are applied to solving various classification problems for glass objects which are described by elemental composition, and refractive index (RI) values, and compare LR-based methods to other classification methods such as support vector machines (SVM) and naïve Bayes classifiers (NBC). One hundred and fifty-three glass objects (23 building windows, 25 bulbs, 32 car windows, 57 containers, and 16 headlamps) were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Refractive indices for building and car windows were measured before (RI(b)), and after (RI(a)) an annealing process. The proposed scheme for glass fragment(s) classification demonstrates some efficiency, although the classification of car windows (c) and building windows (w) must be treated carefully. This is because of their very similar elemental content. However, a combination of elemental content and information on the change in RI during annealing (DeltaRI = RI(a)-RI(b)) gave very promising results. A LR model for the classification of glass fragments into use-type categories for forensic purposes gives slightly higher misclassification rates than SVM and NBC. However, the observed differences between results obtained by all three approaches were very similar, especially when applied to the car window and building window classification problem. Therefore, the LR model can be recommended because of the ease of interpretation of LR-based measures of certainty.
Study of Gene Expression of p53 in Mice’ Embryo Development (2000)

Using in situ hybridization technique with Dig labeled probe, the expression of p53 gene in mice's embryo development has been studied in this thesis, the results can be summarized as fellows: p53 gene does not take part in the formation of organ proimordia during the development of embryo of age 9 ds and 10 ds. It takes part in the further process of organ differentiation (concerned organs include eyes, brain, heart, lung, backbone and cranium viscerale, except liver). On the one hand, p53 gene takes part in the cell regulation during embryo development, and on the other hand, it also takes part in coming processes, which do not relate with cell cycle.There are different regulation mechanisms in the different organs.
Regulation of Toll-like receptor–mediated inflammatory response by complement in vivo (2007)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and complement are 2 components of innate immunity that are critical for first-line host defense and elicitation of adaptive immune responses. Many pathogen-associated molecular patterns activate both TLR and complement, but whether and how these 2 systems, when coactivated in vivo, interact with each other has not been well studied. We demonstrate here a widespread regulation of TLR signaling by complement in vivo. The TLR ligands lipopolysacharride (TLR4), zymosan (TLR2/6), and CpG oligonucleotide (TLR9) caused, in a complement-dependent manner, strikingly elevated plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and IL-1beta, and/or decreased plasma IL-12 levels in mice deficient in the membrane complement inhibitor decay-accelerating factor (DAF). A similar outcome was observed in wild-type mice cotreated with the TLR ligands and cobra venom factor, a potent complement activator. The regulatory effect of complement on TLR-induced cytokine production in vivo was mediated by the anaphylatoxin receptors C5aR and C3aR. Additionally, changes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine production in DAF-deficient mice correlated with increased mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappaB activation in the spleen. These results reveal a strong interaction between complement and TLR signaling in vivo and suggest a novel mechanism by which complement promotes inflammation and modulates adaptive immunity.
Secreted proteins from adipose tissue and skeletal muscle – adipokines, myokines and adipose/muscle cross-talk (2010)

White adipose tissue and skeletal muscle are the largest organs in the body and both are composed of distinct cell types. The signature cell of adipose tissue is the adipocyte while myocytes are the defining cell of skeletal muscle. White adipocytes are major secretory cells and this is increasingly apparent also for myocytes. Both cells secrete a range of bioactive proteins, generally termed adipokines in the case of adipocytes and myokines for muscle cells. There has, however, been some confusion over nomenclature and we suggest that the name myokine is restricted to a protein that is secreted from myocytes, while the term adipokine should be used to describe all proteins secreted from any type of adipocyte (white, brown or brite). These definitions specifically exclude proteins secreted from other cells within adipose tissue and muscle, including macrophages. There is some commonality between the myokines and adipokines in that both groups include inflammation-related proteins - for example, IL-6, Il-8 and MCP-1. Adipokines and myokines appear to be involved in local autocrine/paracrine interactions within adipose tissue and muscle, respectively. They are also involved in an endocrine cross-talk with other tissues, including between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, and this may be bi-directional. For example, IL-6, secreted from myocytes may stimulate lipolysis in adipose tissue, while adipocyte-derived IL-6 may induce insulin resistance in muscle.
Reconstruction from incomplete data in cone‐beam tomography (1996)

A method for reconstruction of an object f(x) x=(x,y,z) from a limited set of cone-beam projection data has been developed. This method uses a modified form of convolution back-projection and projection onto convex sets (POCS) for handling the limited (or incomplete) data problem. In cone-beam tomography, one needs to have a complete geometry to completely reconstruct the original three-dimensional object. While complete geometries do exist, they are of little use in practical implementations. The most common trajectory used in practical scanners is circular, which is incomplete. It is, however, possible to recover some of the information of the original signal f(x) based on a priori knowledge of the nature of f(x). If this knowledge can be posed in a convex set framework, then POCS can be utilized. In this report, we utilize this a priori knowledge as convex set constraints to reconstruct f(x) using POCS. While we demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm for circular trajectories, it is essentially geometry independent and will be useful in any limited-view cone-beam reconstruction.
The design and application of high-resolution 3D stereoscopic graphics display on PC (2000)

This paper describes methods and procedures for real-time rendering of high-resolution 3D stereoscopic graphics\nusing an improved 3D OpenGL accelerator on PC platform. The hardware architecture and software development\nof the stereoscopic accelerator are first analyzed, followed by in detail description of SDK of stereo display control\nfor Windows NT. Using a special driver and the SDK, the high-resolution 3D stereoscopic graphics is easy to\nprogram and control in real-time, with a simple interface to stereo viewing devices. At the end, a few extended\nstereo PC systems will be discussed. These systems further improve the stereoscopic capacities for low-cost\nindustrial graphics applications.
A matching algorithm of Netfilter connection tracking based on IP flow (2008)

In order to improve the performance of Netfilter firewall framework of Linux while packets are being matched under the stateful inspection, the thesis, which is based on the analysis of the mechanism of stateful inspection firewall and the data structure of Netfilter connection tracking hash table, puts forward a matching algorithm of connection tracking based on IP flow. The algorithm, through revising the data structure of head node of hash table, adds a pointer pointing to the node of collision list matched successfully last time, to reduce the time which the later packets of related connection uses to traverse collision list. The simulating experiment indicates that the algorithm is able to improve the efficiency of Netfilter firewall stateful inspection.
Single-feed dual-frequency rectangular microstripantenna withsquare slot (1998)

By cutting a square slot at the centre of a rectangular microstrip patch, both compactness and dual-frequency operation can be achieved. Several designs have been implemented. From the experimental results obtained, the required antenna size using the proposed design method can be reduced by ~17% compared to that of the conventional design method using a simple patch without the slot. Typical experimental results are presented and discussed.
Concept-based speech translation (2002)

As part of the JANUS speech-to-speech translation project, the authors have developed a robust translation system based on the information structures inherent to the task being performed. The basic premise is that the structure of the information to be transmitted is largely independent of the language used to encode it. The system performs no syntactic analysis; speaker utterances are parsed into semantic chunks, which can be strung together without grammatical rules, and passed through a simple template-based translation module. The authors have achieved encouraging coverage rates on English, German and Spanish input with English, German and Spanish output.
A method for real-time generation of augmented reality work instructions via expert movements (2015)

Augmented Reality (AR) offers tremendous potential for a wide range of fields including entertainment, medicine, and engineering. AR allows digital models to be integrated with a real scene (typically viewed through a video camera) to provide useful information in a variety of contexts. The difficulty in authoring and modifying scenes is one of the biggest obstacles to widespread adoption of AR. 3D models must be created, textured, oriented and positioned to create the complex overlays viewed by a user. This often requires using multiple software packages in addition to performing model format conversions. In this paper, a new authoring tool is presented which uses a novel method to capture product assembly steps performed by a user with a depth+RGB camera. Through a combination of computer vision and imaging process techniques, each individual step is decomposed into objects and actions. The objects are matched to those in a predetermined geometry library and the actions turned into animated assembly steps. The subsequent instruction set is then generated with minimal user input. A proof of concept is presented to establish the method’s viability.
Simplified electric vehicle powertrain model for range and energy consumption based on EPA coast-down parameters and test validation by Argonne National Lab data on the Nissan Leaf (2014)

In this paper, a simplified power train model for an electric vehicle is developed by using the coast-down parameters published by the EPA to model the vehicle loads and by using Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) data to validate the model. The coast-down parameters provide a more accurate estimation of the road-load and vehicle no-load spin losses than could be estimated using other public information. The model is built up using engineering assumptions on the electromechanical power train, applied to the 2012 Nissan Leaf and validated against the Argonne experimental test data published in 2012. Excellent correlation is demonstrated between the model predictions and the experimental data for fuel economy, fuel consumption and range.
Cortical Perfusion Measurement by Indocyanine-Green Videoangiography in Patients Undergoing Hemicraniectomy for Malignant Stroke (2006)

ICG videoangiography appears to be a valuable tool to precisely detect relative cortical tissue perfusion. Thus, it may provide useful research data on the pathophysiology of human stroke, help surgeons to maintain adequate brain perfusion intraoperatively, and simplify adequate placement of tissue probes to monitor critically hypoperfused brain tissue.
Warum bin ich krank? Bemerkungen zur evolutionsbiologischen Dimension des Krankseins (1994)

Abstract Mancher Kranke fragt sich: „Warum bin ich krank, warum mit Leid und Siechtum geschlagen?”︁ Das gilt insbesondere für den chronisch Leidenden. Antworten auf diese Frage versuchen ihm Religion und Philosophie zu geben. Biologen und Mediziner beschränken ihre Antworten auf die Frage nach dem „Warum”︁ auf kausale Begründungen. Sie erörtern, „wodurch”︁ man krank wird. Dagegen gehört es kaum zu ihren wissenschaftlichen Vorgehensweisen, die Frage nach dem „Wofür”︁ zu stellen, also nach den ultimativen Zielen eines Prozesses. Das geschieht noch am ehesten in evolutionsbiologischen Denkansätzen und soll auch hier versucht werden.
An Iterative Procedure for Estimation in Contingency Tables (1970)

Deming and Stephan (1940) first proposed the use of an iterative proportional fitting procedure to estimate cell probabilities in a contingency table subject to certain marginal constraints. In this paper we first relate this procedure to a variety of sources and a variety of statistical problems. We then describe the procedure geometrically for two-way contingency tables using the concepts presented in Fienberg (1968). This geometrical description leads to a rather simple proof of the convergence of the iterative procedure. We conclude the paper with a discussion of extensions to multi-dimensional tables and to tables with some zero entries.
Antennas for Wearable Devices (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Modelling and Characterization of Wearable Antennas WBAN Radio Channel Characterization and Effect of Wearable Antennas Case Study: A Compact Wearable Antenna for Healthcare Sensors Summary References
Porcine islet xenotransplantation utilizing a vascularized bioartificial pancreas. (1997)

Successful pancreas/islet transplantation restores normal glucose metabolism in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but requires chronic immunosuppression which is associated with morbidity and mortality. Immune exclusion devices containing pancreatic islets (bioartificial pancreas) are designed to provide glycemic control without immunosuppression. The immune exclusion is achieved by separating islets from the host by semipermeable membranes. Small molecules such as glucose, insulin and nutrients pass through, whereas immune lymphocytes and immunoglobulins are excluded by the membrane and unable to cause destruction of the islets. Use of xenogeneic islets (i.e., porcine islets) in the device also circumvents the shortage of human donor organs. This report provides a brief summary of our experience with vascularized bioartificial pancreas (VBAP) containing allogeneic and xenogeneic islets for treatment of experimental diabetes in dogs and describes our plans for a clinical trial of the VBAP in patients with IDDM.
Time-resolved energy distribution of F− from pulsed radio frequency discharges (1995)

Negative ions extracted from a pulsed rf discharge can have a complex energy dependence as a function of time. This dependence could influence semiconductor processing in pulsed discharges, particularly if precise control of the ion energy is important. In this article, the time-dependent ion energy distributions of F− from pulsed discharges through CF4 are presented for the first time using a mass spectrometer equipped with a Bessel Box energy analyzer. The time-dependent changes in the ion energy distributions are produced by the manner in which the plasma disintegrates. Negative ions reaching the processing surface very early in the afterglow have lower energies because they experience less acceleration by the dc bias potential before entering the mass spectrometer. These ions appear in a very intense, short duration pulse, suggesting that they are formed in the after glow near the entrance to the mass spectrometer. Ions reaching the surface later in the afterglow have higher energies because they travel further through the dc bias potential. These ions appear with less intensity over a longer period of time.
The trustworthy digital camera: Restoring credibility to the photographic image (1994)

The increasing sophistication of computers has made digital manipulation of photographic images, as well as other digitally-recorded artifacts such as audio and video, incredibly easy to perform and increasingly difficult to detect. Today, every picture appearing in newspapers and magazines has been digitally altered to some degree, with the severity varying from the trivial (cleaning up 'noise' and removing distracting backgrounds) to the point of deception (articles of clothing removed, heads attached to other people's bodies, and the complete rearrangement of city skylines). As the power, flexibility, and ubiquity of image-altering computers continues to increase, the well-known adage that 'the photography doesn't lie' will continue to become an anachronism. A solution to this problem comes from a concept called digital signatures, which incorporates modern cryptographic techniques to authenticate electronic mail messages. 'Authenticate' in this case means one can be sure that the message has not been altered, and that the sender's identity has not been forged. The technique can serve not only to authenticate images, but also to help the photographer retain and enforce copyright protection when the concept of 'electronic original' is no longer meaningful.
<title>Using IR thermography as a manufacturing tool to analyze and repair defects in printed circuit boards</title> (1991)

The cost of printed circuit boards with multi-layered voltage planes has created the need for an easy to use tool that can detect, locate, verify and analyze hidden defects causing shorts. The use of a Thermal Image Analyzer (TIA) in conjunction with a hipot test and high voltage stress give manufacturing such a tool. This tool, controlled by a personal computer, directs the operator in the correct analysis procedures needed to safely detect, with thermal image analysis, the defective area of the product. The tool is capable of applying a high-voltage test and low- current stress to leakage defects. The tester can then apply constant power to the defect using low voltage (less than 24 VDC), enabling detection with the TIA. The entire operation is transparent to the manufacturing operator who when trained in the use of the TIA, can detect, isolate, categorize and repair internal and/or surface defects related to multi-layered printed circuit boards. This paper deals with the infrared detection and repair of defects in printed circuit boards as a manufacturing process.
Production System Conflict Resolution Strategies. (1976)

Production systems designed to function and grow in environments that make large numbers of different, sometimes competing, and sometimes unexpected demands require support from their interpreters that is qualitatively different from the support required by systems that can be carefully hand crafted to function in constrained environments.In this paper we explore the role of conflict resolution in providing such support.Using criteria developed in the paper, we evaluate both individual conflict resolution rules and strategies that make use of several rules.
Strain hardening and highly resilient hydrogels crosslinked by chain-extended reactive pseudo-polyrotaxane (2014)

Hydrogels with obvious strain hardening and high resilience properties in both stretching and compressing processes are constructed by simple free-radical copolymerization of acrylamide and reactive pseudo-polyrotaxane.
1-Acylindoles. VII. On Formation Reaction of Indoles from Phenylhydrazines with Several Acidic Catalysts (1968)

When a phenylhydrazine is reacted with phenylacetone or methyl ethyl ketone, the reaction using hydrogen chloride, zinc chloride, ortho-phosphoric acid or boron trifluorideetherate as a condensing agent gives 2-methyl-3-phenylindole or 2, 3-dimethylindole respectively, but the reaction using polyphosphoric acid affords the above-mentioned 2-methylindole derivative as well as 2-benzyl- or 2-ethyl-indole respectively, amount of which product tends to increase with increasing a ratio of phosphorous pentoxide to ortho-phosphoric acid. In reacting a N1-(p-chlorobenzoyl) phenylhydrazine with phenylacetone, the reaction in the presence of every catalyst gives 2-methyl-3-phenylindole derivatives as a main product, and even when used polyphosphoric acid it is too difficult to yield 2-benzylindole derivative. Several mechanisms on these results are suggested.
Mobile Multiplatform Development: An Experiment for Performance Analysis (2012)

The variety of operating platforms in mobile devices involves separate standards, programming languages, and distribution markets. This poses a challenge on software developers, as to select what platform to develop first for. Web-based multiplatform development tools offer a solution under the principle of developing once using target-agnostic technologies, able to be deployed in multiple platforms; nonetheless, it has been reported that web-based applications suffer significant performance decreases. In this paper, we present a study to analyze the performance of mobile web applications using PhoneGap and Android OS to understand the most relevant performance matters raised by multiplatform tools. We report an experiment focused on evaluating execution time, to characterize the performance overhead found in a web app with respect to an identical native application.