gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical nonblocking multicast and broadcast interconnects using multidimensional multiplexing concepts (1996)

It is well known that using space-switching, an N node multistage network can be constructed with its minimum switching complexity in the order of Nlog/sub 2/N but only for the point-to-point switching applications. To allow multicast and broadcast applications, a space-switching network has to use a minimum N/sup 2/ switching states, i.e., a cross-bar type switch. Recently, we have shown that a multidimensional multiplexing concept can be used to reduce the switching complexity while maintaining nonblocking multicast and broadcast switching. In this paper, based on acousto-optic and other photonic switching devices, a free-space optical architecture to support the multidimensional nonblocking multicast switching applications is detailed. System parameters and performance limitations are calculated. Based on a pair of eight-channel acousto-optic Bragg deflector arrays, a proof-of-principle bench-top system was designed and experimentally built. Some performance issues of the proposed the system are studied. Various fundamental and technological limits are evaluated.
Human CD5 Signaling and Constitutive Phosphorylation of C-Terminal Serine Residues by Casein Kinase II (1998)

CD5 is a lymphocyte surface glycoprotein with a long cytoplasmic domain suitable for phosphorylation and signal transduction, which is involved in the modulation of Ag-specific receptor-mediated activation and differentiation signals. In this study, we use Jurkat T cell transfectants of CD5 cytoplasmic tail mutants to reveal phosphorylation sites relevant to signal transduction. Our results show that casein kinase II (CKII) is responsible for the constitutive phosphorylation of CD5 molecules at a cluster of three serine residues located at the extreme C terminus (S458, S459, and S461). Furthermore, the yeast two-hybrid system demonstrates the specific association between the C-terminal regions of the CD5 cytoplasmic tail and the regulatory beta subunit of CKII. We demonstrate that CKII associates with and phosphorylates the C-terminal region of CD5, a conserved domain known to be relevant for the generation of second lipid messengers, and thereby enables at least one component of its signaling function.
Micromachined silicon needle for ultrasonic surgery (2002)

A micromachined silicon needle structure capable of producing large ultrasonic velocities (/spl sim/23 m/s) was fabricated. Such a device can be used as a surgical tool. The device consists of two silicon ultrasonic horns bonded with a channel along the length to form the needle. Silicon's acoustical and mechanical properties make it an ideal resonator material for the body of an ultrasonic cutter. Cutting edges sharper than the conventional needles can be produced using the silicon anisotropic etching process. As a proof of concept, a human eye cataractous lens was dissected with the silicon ultrasonic needle.
Genotypic variations of Shiga toxin-converting phages from enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157: H7 isolates (2000)

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis revealed that enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 strains had considerable variations in their genomes. This study investigated whether or not the molecular profile of Shiga toxin (Stx) 1- and Stx2-converting phages isolated from EHEC O157:H7 strains, derived from various sources in the USA and Japan, corresponded to the variations of host strains' genotypes as determined by PFGE. A total of 51 Stx-converting phages including 12 Stx1-converting phages and 37 Stx2-converting phages was isolated from seven USA isolates and 20 Japanese isolates. The average Dice coefficient values showed 44% similarity between phage DNAs in Stx2-converting phages digested with SmaI and 55% in Stx1-converting phages digested with HindIII, indicating considerable variation among phage DNA. In particular, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of Stx2-converting phage DNA varied according to the PFGE type of their host strain, which suggests that the phage genomes have altered their genotypic characteristics with those of host genomes. However, there are several exceptions: the RFLP patterns of some Stx2-converting phages were quite similar irrespective of the different genotypes of the host strains, indicating that horizontal transfer of Stx2-converting phage may also occur under some circumstances.
Spectroscopic studies of brunescent cataractous lenses (1987)

The absorption spectra of brunescent cataractous lenses and their homogenates were analyzed under various conditions by using a double wavelength spectrophotometer. The absorption spectra of the samples were in good agreement with those of synthetic xanthommatin derived from 3-hydroxykynurenine. The results provided evidence that brown pigment in the brunescent cataractous lenses is mainly composed of xanthommatin.
Expulsion of demecolcine‐induced micronuclei from mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (1991)

The mouse micronucleus test is a valuable tool for evaluating in vivo chromosome damage produced by test articles in polychromatic erythrocytes of bone marrow. Compounds that are clastogens, such as cyclophosphamide, induce micronuclei that are smaller than those induced by compounds that are spindle poisons, such as demecolcine. In vitro studies have previously shown that the frequency of mitomycin C- and vincristine-induced micronuclei in mouse L-929 cells was reduced due to micronuclear extrusion following treatment with cytochalasin B. The current study shows that micronuclei are also expelled in vivo, that expulsion is dependent upon micronuclear size, and that observation of these extruded micronuclei is dependent upon the method of sample preparation.
Photocontrol of Protein Activity in Cultured Cells and Zebrafish with One‐ and Two‐Photon Illumination (2010)

We have implemented a noninvasive optical method for the fast control of protein activity in a live zebrafish embryo. It relies on releasing a protein fused to a modified estrogen receptor ligand binding domain from its complex with cytoplasmic chaperones, upon the local photoactivation of a nonendogenous caged inducer. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to design cyclofen-OH, a photochemically stable inducer of the receptor specific for 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (ER(T2)). Cyclofen-OH was easily synthesized in two steps with good yields. At submicromolar concentrations, it activates proteins fused to the ER(T2) receptor. This was shown in cultured cells and in zebrafish embryos through emission properties and subcellular localization of properly engineered fluorescent proteins. Cyclofen-OH was successfully caged with various photolabile protecting groups. One particular caged compound was efficient in photoinducing the nuclear translocation of fluorescent proteins either globally (with 365 nm UV illumination) or locally (with a focused UV laser or with two-photon illumination at 750 nm). The present method for photocontrol of protein activity could be used more generally to investigate important physiological processes (e.g., in embryogenesis, organ regeneration and carcinogenesis) with high spatiotemporal resolution.
Basic Research on Combustion Chambers for Lean Burn Gas Engines (1993)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Research and development of a low NOx lean burn combustion for open chamber gas engines have been carried out. The target NOx level has been set below 200 ppm with superior thermal efficiency to the engines with three-way-catalyst. A number of open combustion chambers were tested. Swirl combustion chambers NEBULA and TG (the latter was newly developed by the authors) and a squish chamber REENTRANT have satisfied the target while maintaining sufficient stability of combustion. It has been demonstrated that open chamber gas engines are potentially capable of achieving low NOx emission while maintaining high thermal efficiency.</div>
Fast text anonymization using k-anonyminity (2016)

In this paper, we propose a method for anonymizing unstructured texts using a quasi-identifier list. In our method, the system redacts from some parts of quasi-identifiers in the texts to the alternate characters such as "*", in order to prevent re-identification of information which should be kept in secrecy. However, this method has a room for an improvement for keeping the information on the original text as is. If the system anonymizes the texts and keeps the original texts as much as possible, the accuracy of the outputs by data mining techniques for the anonymized texts should be useful. Our method anonymizes quasi-identifiers to remain substrings which do not contribute to re-identification, in order to keep the information on the original texts as is.
Standalone and Non-Standalone Beam Management for 3GPP NR at mmWaves (2019)

The next generation of cellular networks will exploit mmWave frequencies to dramatically increase the network capacity. Communication at such high frequencies, however, requires directionality to compensate the increased propagation loss. Users and base stations need to align their beams during both initial access and data transmissions to ensure that the maximum gain is reached. The accuracy of beam selection, and the delay in updating the beam pair or performing initial access, impact the end-to-end performance and the quality of service. In this article we review the beam management procedures included in the 3GPP NR specifications and propose possible enhancements, based on both standalone and non-standalone architectures, to improve network control operations. We also provide a performance comparison among different schemes, along with design insights on the most important parameters related to beam management frameworks.
The postnatal growth of the rat lung. I. Morphometry (1974)

Abstract The postnatal growth of the lung was quantitatively investigated in rats aged 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 21, 44 and 131 days by light and electron microscopic morphometry. Lung volume (V L ) increased first directly with body weight (W). After day 10 V L followed the function W 0.70 . Based on the quantitative findings the postnatal lung growth could be divided into three phases. Lung expansion (up to day 4): Lung volume increase resulted almost exclusively from an 87% enlargement of the existing air spaces. Tissue proliferation (day 4 to 13): All tissue compartments showed a pronounced mass increase, followed by a high gain in capillary volume. Alveolar and capillary surface areas (Sa, Sc) developed rapidly due to subdivision of the primitive air sacs. Equilibrated growth (third week to adult age): An initial period of redistribution of tissue mass with septal lengthening and further rapid increase in Sa and Sc was followed by proportionate alveolar growth. In the adult further lengthening of the interalveolar septa or continued alveolar formation could not be excluded. During the period of fundamental internal remodelling of the lung, its function, as determined by the morphometric pulmonary diffusing capacity, was not impaired.
Correlation of neural discharge with pattern and force of muscular activity, joint position, and direction of intended next movement in motor cortex and cerebellum (1978)

1. Monkeys were trained to grasp a rod movable in a horizontal arc (Fig. 1), and to hold the rod by angulation of the wrist in each of three positions (A,B, C). A maintained load was placed on the rod alternately to oppose flexion and extension. At a light signal, the monkey had to move to the next position in a prescribed sequence (ABCBABCBA, ETC.). The task was designed to dissociate, while holding in position, the following variables: 1) pattern of muscular activity in the forearm required to hold the wrist in position, determined by the direction of the load (flexor or extensor muscles); 2) position of the rod, and thus angulation of the wrist joint (A, B, and C); and 3) set for the direction of the intended next movement (flexor or extensor). These variables are subsequently referred to as MPAT, JPOS, and DSET, respectively. 2. After training, recordings were made of the EMG activity of muscles used in the task and of the discharge of single neurons in the motor cortex of the cerebrum and the interposed and dentate nuclei of the cerebellum. 3. While holding the wrist in position, EMG and interpositus behaved uniformly, with higher discharge frequency under load in one direction and lower discharge frequency under load in the opposite direction. This relation was relatively independent of the position held and of the direction of the intended next movement. Thus, interpositus and EMG both seemed best related to the MPAT variable, as opposed to JPOS and DSET variables. By contrast, neurons in motor cortex and in dentate fell into three categories: one category discharged in relation to the pattern of muscular activity (MPAT), a second to the position of the wrist (JPOS), and a third to the direction of the intended next movement (DSET). While MPAT neurons formed a distinct dissociated group, neurons that were best related to JPOS were often related to DSET, and vice versa. 4. A few of the MPAT neurons in interpositus and motor cortex were further studied by varying the magnitude (as well as the direction) of the loads. Both interpositus and motor cortex MPAT neurons changed firing frequency in relation to the magnitude of load, and though few neurons were thus studied, the relation seemed clearer for interpositus than for motor cortex. 5. Anatomically, the three types of neurons thus classified by firing pattern during the hold periods were intermixed in the arm area of motor cortex. In dentate and interpositus, those neurons thus related to the performance were localized to a narrow strip across the posterior part of both nuclei. Neurons apparently related to eye and drinking movements were located more posteriorly still, suggesting somatotopic representation.
A high-efficiency thin-film SOI power MOSFET having a self-aligned offset gate structure for multi-gigahertz applications (2001)

A highly efficient radio-frequency (RF) thin-film SOI power MOSFET having a self-aligned offset gate structure has been fabricated, It was fabricated using a self-aligned offset gate structure based on a lightly doped drain (LDD) structure to reduce the on-resistance and thus increase the power-added efficiency. The target breakdown voltage was 10 V, and the fabricated device had a breakdown voltage of 14.3 V. The on-resistance of a thin-film SOI power MOSFET using titanium salicide process was lower than that of the one fabricated using a tungsten polycide process. The cutoff frequency and maximum oscillation frequency of the titanium salicide process were 17 and 24 GHz, respectively. Its power-added efficiency at 2 GHz was 67% and its saturation output power was 20 dBm when the drain supply voltage was 3.0 V. Its power-added efficiency at 5.8 GHz was 53% and its saturation output power was 19 dBm when the drain supply voltage was 3.0 V. The dc and RF performances of the power MOSFET fabricated using the titanium salicide process were better than those of the one fabricated using the tungsten polycide process.
CGC-Net: Cell Graph Convolutional Network for Grading of Colorectal Cancer Histology Images (2019)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) grading is typically carried out by assessing the degree of gland formation within histology images. To do this, it is important to consider the overall tissue micro-environment by assessing the cell-level information along with the morphology of the gland. However, current automated methods for CRC grading typically utilise small image patches and therefore fail to incorporate the entire tissue micro-architecture for grading purposes. To overcome the challenges of CRC grading, we present a novel cell-graph convolutional neural network (CGC-Net) that converts each large histology image into a graph, where each node is represented by a nucleus within the original image and cellular interactions are denoted as edges between these nodes according to node similarity. The CGC-Net utilises nuclear appearance features in addition to the spatial location of nodes to further boost the performance of the algorithm. To enable nodes to fuse multi-scale information, we introduce Adaptive GraphSage, which is a graph convolution technique that combines multi-level features in a data-driven way. Furthermore, to deal with redundancy in the graph, we propose a sampling technique that removes nodes in areas of dense nuclear activity. We show that modeling the image as a graph enables us to effectively consider a much larger image (around 16× larger) than traditional patch-based approaches and model the complex structure of the tissue micro-environment. We construct cell graphs with an average of over 3,000 nodes on a large CRC histology image dataset and report state-of-the-art results as compared to recent patch-based as well as contextual patch-based techniques, demonstrating the effectiveness of our method.
Advances in Cosmetic Science and Technology. IV. Cosmetic Vehicles. (1995)

Scientific and patent literature on new vehicles or vehicle uses reviewed for the period 1990 through 1995
Sex Differences in Cholinergic Analgesia II  (1999)

These data demonstrate a sex difference of intrathecal neostigmine after nerve injury-induced allodynia similar to that observed in normal animals that received acute noxious thermal stimulation. However, this sex difference is not universal to all pain models because it was not present after intradermal capsaicin injection, nor is its interaction with spinal noradrenergic mechanisms consistent in all models.
Non-Uniform Crosstalk Reduction for Dynamic Scenes (2007)

Stereo displays suffer from crosstalk, an effect that reduces or even inhibits the viewer's ability to correctly perceive depth. Previous work on software crosstalk reduction focussed on the preprocessing of static scenes which are viewed from a fixed viewpoint. However, in virtual environments scenes are dynamic, and are viewed from various viewpoints in real-time on large display areas. In this paper, three methods are introduced for reducing crosstalk in virtual environments. A non-uniform crosstalk model is described, which can be used to accurately reduce crosstalk on large display areas. In addition, a novel temporal algorithm is used to address the problems that occur when reducing crosstalk in dynamic scenes. This way, high-frequency jitter caused by the erroneous assumption of static scenes can be eliminated. Finally, a perception based metric is developed that allows us to quantify crosstalk. We provide a detailed description of the methods, discuss their tradeoffs, and compare their performance with existing crosstalk reduction methods
Phosphetanes as Chiral Ligands for Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions: Hydrosilylation of Olefins (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhosphetanes as Chiral Ligands for Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions: Hydrosilylation of OlefinsAngela Marinetti and Louis RicardCite this: Organometallics 1994, 13, 10, 3956–3962Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/om00022a035RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views291Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (777 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Antimicrobial properties of natural coniferous rosin in the European Pharmacopoeia challenge test (2011)

Rosins (resins) are natural products of the coniferous trees. Purified rosin from the trunk of Norway spruce (Picea abies) is antibacterial against the gram-positive bacteria, but not against the gram-negative bacteria in agar plate diffusion test. In this study, we examined the antimicrobial properties of the coniferous rosin against bacteria and yeasts using the European Pharmacopoeia (EP) challenge test. The microbes tested were Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. To prepare challenge media, purified rosin was mixed with a biologically inert salve in varying concentrations. The microbes were inoculated (5 × 10(5) microbes (bacteria) or 5 × 10(4) microbes (yeast, C.albicans)) into 10 g of the rosin-containing challenge medium for 14 days at maximum. Samples were taken from the media for re-cultivation of the microbes at time intervals of 1 h, 24 h, 4, 7, and 14 days. The microbicidal efficacy of the challenge media was estimated by reduction of the number of the colony forming units (CFU) of microbes in the test samples. A reduction of more than 10(3) CFU for bacteria and 10(2) CFU for fungi in 7 days was considered to indicate a significant microbicidal action. Pure rosin was antimicrobial within 24 h against all microbes tested. The 0.5% rosin-salve medium (w/w) did not differ in microbicidal effects from the rosin-free salve medium (control). A raise of the rosin concentration resulted in increase of the microbicidal effect of the rosin-salve medium against all micro-organisms tested. Rosin concentration of 10% (w/w) in the medium significantly reduced the colonization of S. aureus (including MRSA) within 24 h and significantly reduced the colonization of all other micro-organisms within 4 days. Rosin is strongly microbicidal against a wide range of microbes, against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and against C. albicans, in the EP challenge test. The minimum concentration of rosin is 10% (w/w) to prevent the preservation of the microbes in the rosin-salve media.
Immunization of Chickens with VP2 Protein of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana (2004)

Transgenic plants represent a safe, effective, and inexpensive way to produce vaccines. The immunogenicity of VP2 protein of an infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus variant E isolate expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana was compared with a commercial vaccine in specific-pathogen-free broiler chickens. The VP2 coding sequence was isolated and integrated into A. thaliana genome by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Soluble VP2 expressed in transgenic plants was used to immunize chickens. Chickens receiving oral immunization with plant-derived VP2 at 1 and 3 wk of age had an antibody response using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and 80% protection against challenge infection at 4 wk. Chickens primed with a commercial vaccine at 1 wk followed by an oral booster with VP2 expressed in plants at 3 wk of age showed 90% protection. Chickens immunized with a commercial vaccine at 1 and 3 wk showed 78% protection. Results supported the efficacy of plant-produced VP2 as a vaccine against IBD.
Application of Computer & Engineerning: Applying Real Time System (2011)

IJAR - Indian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) IJAR is a double reviewed monthly print journal that accepts research works from scholars, academicians, professors, doctorates, lecturers, and corporate in their respective expertise of studies.