gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chest wall restriction limits high airway pressure-induced lung injury in young rabbits (1989)

High peak inspiratory pressures (PIP) during mechanical ventilation can induce lung injury. In the present study we compare the respective roles of high tidal volume with high PIP in intact immature rabbits to determine whether the increase in capillary permeability is the result of overdistension of the lung or direct pressure effects. New Zealand White rabbits were assigned to one of three protocols, which produced different degrees of inspiratory volume limitation: intact closed-chest animals (CC), closed-chest animals with a full-body plaster cast (C), and isolated excised lungs (IL). The intact animals were ventilated at 15, 30, or 45 cmH2O PIP for 1 h, and the lungs of the CC and C groups were placed in an isolated lung perfusion system. Microvascular permeability was evaluated using the capillary filtration coefficient (Kfc). Base-line Kfc for isolated lungs before ventilation was 0.33 +/- 0.31 ml.min-1.cmH2O-1.100g-1 and was not different from the Kfc in the CC group ventilated with 15 cmH2O PIP. Kfc increased by 850% after ventilation with only 15 cmH2O PIP in the unrestricted IL group, and in the CC group Kfc increased by 31% after 30 cmH2O PIP and 430% after 45 cmH2O PIP. Inspiratory volume limitation by the plaster cast in the C group prevented any significant increase in Kfc at the PIP values used. These data indicate that volume distension of the lung rather than high PIP per se produces microvascular damage in the immature rabbit lung.
Comparing ICD9-encoded diagnoses and NLP-processed discharge summaries for clinical trials pre-screening: a case study. (2008)

The prevalence of electronic medical record (EMR) systems has made mass-screening for clinical trials viable through secondary uses of clinical data, which often exist in both structured and free text formats. The tradeoffs of using information in either data format for clinical trials screening are understudied. This paper compares the results of clinical trial eligibility queries over ICD9-encoded diagnoses and NLP-processed textual discharge summaries. The strengths and weaknesses of both data sources are summarized along the following dimensions: information completeness, expressiveness, code granularity, and accuracy of temporal information. We conclude that NLP-processed patient reports supplement important information for eligibility screening and should be used in combination with structured data.
Determination of microgram amounts of calcium in small biological samples by EDTA titration using Patton and Reeder's indicator (1981)

An EDTA titration method has been developed for the determination of calcium in small biological samples. Fresh or dried material is extracted with 1 N nitric acid and the extract is alkalinised to pH 13.4 and titrated with EDTA in the presence of Patton and Reeder's indicator and sodium tartrate. Barium, magnesium, manganese, iron, lead, zinc, oxalate, phosphate and sulphate do not interfere owing to the high pH and the presence of tartrate. Copper interferes, but up to 5 µg of copper can be masked with cyanide if the copper concentration does not exceed one tenth the calcium concentration. This method permits the quantification of calcium in the range 0.5–40 µg and with a reproducibility of ±2.5% or better.
A high-speed asynchronous communication technique for MOS systems (1985)

Thesis (Elec. E.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1985.
Using chemical-looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) for combustion of six different solid fuels (2009)

Chemical-looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) is a novel method to burn solid fuels in gas-phase oxygen without the need for an energy intensive air separation unit. This paper presents batch laboratory fluidized bed CLOU tests where six different solid fuels are used with a Cu-based oxygen carrier. The results show that CLOU results in a factor 3 to 15 faster fuel conversions than conversional chemical-looping combustion.
Structural and microstructural evolution of barium titanate thin films deposited by the sol-gel process (1994)

Barium titanate thin films were fabricated by the sol-gel technique from two different precursors, one using barium 2-ethyl haxanoate and other using barium hydroxide dissolved in methoxy ethanol as barium source. The films were examined at different curing temperatures using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, optical transmission spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction. The films prepared from an ethyl hexanoate precursor were found to crystallize around 550 °C into tetragonal polycrystalline form, whereas those prepared from a barium hydroxide precursor were crystallized into cubic form around 600 °C. The films prepared from the ethyl hexanoate precursor showed larger shrinkage during heat treatment and were more porous than those made from the hydroxide precursor. The changes in thickness, refractive index, and band gap of the films annealed at different temperatures were correlated with chemical modifications of the precursor film as well as structural and microstructural changes occurring during the formation of the final barium titanate thin film. FTIR spectroscopy and electron microscopy were used to support these observations.
ACCEL: AUTOMATED CIRCUIT CARD ETCHING LAYOUT (1965)

p r l m t w d ~l O I 8. -s.lyU.blUtI~.rlthmsec~tbth.-d.o r l o r d a m u e 8 n n t l ~~t h .l u .d m y ~m a n m .8 ~b U , meltd.or proce.. dtwlomd In tu.n p o h A. d h w &on."pl.o..c(h~o
Gender and genre variation in weblogs (2006)

A relationship among language, gender, and discourse genre has previously been observed in informal, spoken interaction and formal, written texts. This study investigates the language/gender/genre relationship in weblogs, a popular new mode of computer‐mediated communication (CMC). Taking as the dependent variables stylistic features identified in machine learning research and popularized in a Web interface called the Gender Genie, a multivariate analysis was conducted of entries from random weblogs in a sample balanced for author gender and weblog sub‐genre (diary or filter). The results show that the diary entries contained more ‘female’ stylistic features, and the filter entries more ‘male’ stylistic features, independent of author gender. These findings problematize the characterization of the stylistic features as gendered, and suggest a need for more fine‐grained genre analysis in CMC research. At the same time, it is observed that conventional associations of gender with certain spoken and written genres are reproduced in weblogs, along with their societal valuations.
Comparison Study of Software Tools for Online Traffic Simulation Supporting Real-time Traffic Management of Road Networks (2013)

Traffic models and simulation tools are increasingly used for traffic management of wide-area road networks by using real-time data. Originally, these systems were developed for the purpose of traffic modelling, planning and to compare different traffic control strategies during simulations. Considering the growing field of applications and the increase of supported functionalities, a comparison study of 12 simulation software tools available on the market has been conducted. Existing studies, product reviews and technical product specification documents have been analysed and additionally product developers were asked to participate in an on-line survey. As a result a review report has been drawn up. It became apparent that there are just a few traffic simulators which can be used for real-time simulation of wide-area road transportation networks.
Vertical seismic profiling; separation of upgoing and downgoing acoustic waves in a stratified medium (1983)

Abstract One of the essential steps in the processing of a vertical seismic profile is the separation of upgoing and downgoing signals. With this perspective in mind, seismic data recorded in a borehole are modeled in terms of these waves and a mathematically optimal 'least-squares' technique for extracting them is derived. The method imposes practically no constraints on the spacing between recording levels and allows almost perfect rejection of a coherent downgoing signal.The exact formulation of the one-dimensional model requires that acoustic impedance information be included, but a reasonable and realistic approximation can neglect impedance. We derive frequency-wavenumber response plots for the two limiting cases of even and randomly spaced levels and compare these to the response of a 'conventional' velocity filtering technique. By a careful study of available logs, recording levels can be chosen to optimize geophone coupling rather than insisting on uniform spatial sampling. Data editing, normalization, and true amplitude recovery (TAR) are required prior to application of the technique. The TAR correction can be computed from sonic log data, which emphasizes the possibility of more complete synergism between the seismic and logging worlds.
Infusion line model for the detection of infiltration, extravasation, and other fluid flow faults (1993)

Infiltration or extravasation is the undesirable infusion of fluids and medication into the tissue space surrounding a blood vessel. If left undetected, it may cause severe tissue damage to patients requiring surgical repair or even amputation. While there are numerous patents purporting the automatic detection of infiltration, few seem to be built into current infusion devices, and none are able to distinguish between various faulty fluid flow conditions. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that the dynamic hydraulic properties of an IV-line can be used to detect infiltration and extravasation as well as other fluid flow faults such as a kinked line or an occluded needle. A pressure step was applied to five IV-lines under five different experimental conditions; the resulting pressure curves were modeled by a third-order system. With a reliability of 92%, the system parameters were used to detect and correctly identify five different fluid flow conditions.
COMPARISON OF SPATIOTEMPORAL MAPPING TECHNIQUES FOR ENORMOUS ETL AND EXPLOITATION PATTERNS (2017)

Abstract. The need to extract, transform, and exploit enormous volumes of spatiotemporal data has exploded with the rise of social media, advanced military sensors, wearables, automotive tracking, etc. However, current methods of spatiotemporal encoding and exploitation simultaneously limit the use of that information and increase computing complexity. Current spatiotemporal encoding methods from Niemeyer and Usher rely on a Z-order space filling curve, a relative of Peano’s 1890 space filling curve, for spatial hashing and interleaving temporal hashes to generate a spatiotemporal encoding. However, there exist other space-filling curves, and that provide different manifold coverings that could promote better hashing techniques for spatial data and have the potential to map spatiotemporal data without interleaving. The concatenation of Niemeyer’s and Usher’s techniques provide a highly efficient space-time index. However, other methods have advantages and disadvantages regarding computational cost, efficiency, and utility. This paper explores the several methods using a range of sizes of data sets from 1K to 10M observations and provides a comparison of the methods.
Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>·nH<sub>2</sub>O as a Heterogeneous Catalyst with Water-Tolerant Lewis Acid Sites (2011)

Niobic acid, Nb(2)O(5)·nH(2)O, has been studied as a heterogeneous Lewis acid catalyst. NbO(4) tetrahedra, Lewis acid sites, on Nb(2)O(5)·nH(2)O surface immediately form NbO(4)-H(2)O adducts in the presence of water. However, a part of the adducts can still function as effective Lewis acid sites, catalyzing the allylation of benzaldehyde with tetraallyl tin and the conversion of glucose into 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural in water.
Continuous infrared spectroscopic analysis of isocratic and gradient elution reversed-phase liquid chromatography separations (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTContinuous infrared spectroscopic analysis of isocratic and gradient elution reversed-phase liquid chromatography separationsJohn J. Gagel and Klaus. BiemannCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 9, 1266–1272Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00136a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00136a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MgB <sub>2</sub> Superconducting Thin Films with a Transition Temperature of 39 Kelvin (2001)

We fabricated high-quality c axis-oriented epitaxial MgB2 thin films using a pulsed laser deposition technique. The thin films grown on (1 i 0 2) Al2O3 substrates have a transition temperature of 39 kelvin. The critical current density in zero field is approximately 6 x 10(6) amperes per cubic centimeter at 5 kelvin and approximately 3 x 10(5) amperes per cubic centimeter at 35 kelvin, which suggests that this compound has potential for electronic device applications, such as microwave devices and superconducting quantum interference devices. For the films deposited on Al2O3, x-ray diffraction patterns indicate a highly c axis-oriented crystal structure perpendicular to the substrate surface.
Determination of Volatile Compounds of Fission-Product Iodine (1967)

Organic iodides, presumably derived from interaction between fission-product iodine and process solvent, were detected and identified by gas chromatography in the exhaust air from the Purex process at the Savannah River Plant. Three of ten peaks obtained were tentatively identified as alkyl iodides by the behavior of the detected compounds and the relative response of an electron absorption detector vs a flame ionization detector.
Autocrine Regulation and Experimental Modulation of Interleukin-6 Expression by Human Pulmonary Epithelial Cells Infected with Respiratory Syncytial Virus (1998)

The mechanisms of regulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) production in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-infected respiratory epithelial cells were evaluated in A549 cell cultures. Incubation with purified RSV resulted in significant production of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Addition of saturating concentrations of neutralizing antibodies against IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, or TNF-alpha into purified RSV-infected cell cultures resulted in a significant inhibition of IL-6 production, although anti-IL-1alpha antibody had the most predominant effect (80% inhibition). Anti-IL-1alpha antibody also almost completely blocked the expression of mRNA for IL-6. Addition of therapeutic concentrations of dexamethasone (1 microM) or ribavirin (90 microg/ml), an antiviral agent, also significantly inhibited the synthesis of IL-6. Hence, in clinical settings, pharmacological agents such as the specific antagonists of IL-6-inducing cytokines, as well as dexamethasone and ribavirin, could be used to modulate IL-6 production.
Evaluation of human sclera after femtosecond laser ablation using two photon and confocal microscopy (2012)

Glaucoma is the second-leading cause of blindness worldwide and is often associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Partial thickness intrascleral channels can be created with a femtosecond laser operating at a wavelength of 1700 nm. Such channels have the potential to increase outflow facility and reduce elevated IOP. Analysis of the dimensions and location of these channels is important in understanding their effects. We describe the application of two-photon microscopy and confocal microscopy for noninvasive imaging of the femtosecond laser created partial-thickness scleral channels in human cadaver eyes. High-resolution images, hundreds of microns deep in the sclera, were obtained to allow determination of the shape and dimension of such channels. This demonstrates that concept of integrating femtosecond laser surgery, and two-photon and confocal imaging has the future potential for image-guided high-precision surgery in transparent and translucent tissue.
Spectroscopic studies of the catechol dioxygenases (1985)

The catechol dioxygenases are bacterial iron-containing enzymes that catalyze the oxidative cleavage a catechols; these enzymes serve as a component of nature's mechanism for cleaving aromatic compounds in the environment. From the "State of the Art Symposium: Bioinorganic Chemistry", held at the ACS meeting, Miami, 1985.
A NURBS-based spectral reflectance descriptor with applications in computer vision and pattern recognition (2008)

In this paper, we present a surface reflectance descriptor based on the control points resulting from the interpolation of Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) curves to multispectral reflectance data. The interpolation is based upon a knot removal scheme in the parameter domain. Thus, we exploit the local support of NURBS so as to recover a compact descriptor robust to noise and local perturbation of the spectra. We demonstrate the utility of our NURBS-based descriptor for material identification. To this end, we perform skin spectra recognition making use of a Support Vector Machine classifier. We also provide results on hyperspectral imagery and elaborate on the preprocessing step for skin segmentation. We compare our results with those obtained using an alternative descriptor.
Power spectral density of digital continuous phase modulation with correlated data symbols. Part 2: Rowe-Prabhu method (1986)

An extension of the Rowe-Prabhu method is presented for finding the power spectral density (PSD) of continuous phase modulated (CPM) signals with correlated data symbols. Correlation between symbols in different time slots is introduced by an encoder which is represented as a finite-state sequential machine. This structure simplifies any procedure for the spectral analysis of modulated signals with correlated data symbols, including the Rowe-Prabhu method. For instance, it allows a sequential computation of some of the matrices needed for this spectral analysis technique. The PSD is expressed in a compact, Hermitian matrix form that is suitable for numerical computation by a digital computer. Examples for convolutionally encoded CPM are given for the purposes of illustration, as treating such signals was the primary motivation in developing the spectral analysis algorithm that is presented in the paper.
Cellular methods used to evaluate the immune response in transplantation (2002)

Cellular assays have been developed to test for various effector, cytotoxic, and regulatory functions of T cells and have been used throughout the history of clinical transplantation to assess the immune profile of solid organ and marrow recipients. One goal of these cellular studies has been to determine if posttransplant changes in the donor antigen-specific cellular response could predict good and poor graft outcome, thereby allowing for individualization of immunosuppression. This review outlines the use of established and newly developed cellular assays to assess the dynamic processes of the posttransplant immune response and to provide insights into the mechanisms involved and potential points for intervention.
An Object-Oriented Modular Simulation Model for Integrated Gasoline Engine and Automatic Transmission Control (1999)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In this paper a computer simulation model for control system design of gasoline engines with an automatic transmission is presented. A modular programming approach has been pursued, and MATLAB/SIMULINK has been utilized as a programming environment. Engine/transmission systems are analyzed in the object-oriented fashion. Thus, easy construction of various computer models by assembling various objects is possible. An object in this paper represents a physical part, an equation, or an algorithm. The top level in the powertrain model consists of three classes: an engine, a transmission, and a driveline. Each class is designed to perform by itself. The construction procedure of a typical powertrain model together with supplementary explanation is demonstrated. It is expected that the whole program and individual class constructed in this paper are useful for the automotive engineers who design a new engine/transmission system and/or modify an existing system.</div>
Molecular cloning of the pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide in Helicoverpa zea. (1992)

Pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide (PBAN) regulates sex pheromone biosynthesis in female Helicoverpa (Heliothis) zea. Two oligonucleotide probes representing two overlapping amino acid regions of PBAN were used to screen 2.5 x 10(5) recombinant plaques, and a positive recombinant clone was isolated. Sequence analysis of the isolated clone showed that the PBAN gene is interrupted after the codon encoding amino acid 14 by a 0.63-kilobase (kb) intron. Preceding the PBAN amino acid sequence is a 10-amino acid sequence containing a pentapeptide Phe-Thr-Pro-Arg-Leu, which is followed by a Gly-Arg-Arg processing site. Immediately after the PBAN amino acid sequence is a Gly-Arg processing site and a short stretch of 10 amino acids. This 10-amino acid sequence contains a repeat of the PBAN C-terminal pentapeptide Phe-Ser-Pro-Arg-Leu and is terminated by another Gly-Arg processing site. It is suggested that the PBAN gene in H. zea might carry, besides PBAN, a 7- and an 8-residue amidated peptide, which share with PBAN the core C-terminal pentapeptide Phe-(Ser or Thr)-Pro-Arg-Leu-NH2. The C-terminal pentapeptide sequence of PBAN represents the minimum sequence required for pheromonotropic activity in H. zea and also bears a high degree of homology to the pyrokinin family of insect peptides with myotropic activity. It is possible that the putative heptapeptide and octapeptide might be new members of the pyrokinin family, with pheromonotropic and/or myotropic activities. Thus, the PBAN gene products, besides affecting sexual behavior, might have broad influence on many biological processes in H. zea.