gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory activity in vitro of probiotic lactobacilli against oral Candida under different fermentation conditions (2014)

Clinical studies have shown that probiotics positively affect oral health by decreasing gum bleeding and/or reducing salivary counts of certain oral pathogens. Our aim was to investigate the inhibitory effect of six probiotic lactobacilli against opportunistic oral Candida species. Sugar utilisation by both lactobacilli and Candida was also assessed. Agar overlay assay was utilised to study growth inhibition of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida krusei by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus casei Shirota, Lactobacillus reuteri SD2112, Lactobacillus brevis CD2, Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB86 and L. bulgaricus LB Lact. The inhibitory effect was measured at pH 5.5, 6.4, and 7.2, respectively, and in the presence of five different carbohydrates in growth medium (glucose, fructose, lactose, sucrose, and sorbitol). Growth and final pH values were measured at two-hour time points to 24 h. L. rhamnosus GG showed the strongest inhibitory activity in fructose and glucose medium against C. albicans, followed by L. casei Shirota, L. reuteri SD2112 and L. brevis CD2. None of the lactobacilli tested affected the growth of C. krusei. Only L. rhamnosus GG produced slight inhibitory effect on C. glabrata. The lower pH values led to larger inhibition zones. Sugar fermentation profiles varied between the strains. L. casei Shirota grew in the presence of all sugars tested, whereas L. brevis CD2 could utilise only glucose and fructose. All Candida species metabolised the available sugars but the most rapid growth was observed with C. glabrata. The results suggest that commercially available probiotics differ in their inhibitory activity and carbohydrate utilisation; the above properties are modified by different pH values and sugars with more pronounced inhibition at lower pH.
Steam gasification of biomass with nickel secondary catalysts (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteam gasification of biomass with nickel secondary catalystsEddie G. Baker, Lyle K. Mudge, and Michael D. BrownCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1987, 26, 7, 1335–1339Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00067a012RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1041Altmetric-Citations172LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (590 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Novel and Facile One-Pot Method for the Synthesis of N-Substituted Sulfamates (2008)

A one-pot approach to the formation of N-substituted sulfamates from carboxylic acids using di-tert-butyl dicarbonate, tetrabutylammonium sulfamate, and pyridine under mild conditions is described. A reaction mechanism with two competing pathways is proposed; in reactions with aliphatic and electron-deficient aromatic acid substrates, the desired sulfamate products are formed, in contrast, symmetrical anhydride intermediates are observed with electron-neutral or electron-rich aromatic substrates.
Synthesis and characterization of a starch‐modified hydrogel as potential carrier for drug delivery system (2008)

Abstract Synthesis and characterization of a new hydrogel were carried out using a chemically modified starch (starch‐M) consisting of coupling CC bounds coming from glycidil methacrylate (GMA) onto the polysaccharide structure. 13 C NMR, 1 H NMR, and FT‐IR spectroscopies were used to confirm the incorporation of such groups onto the starch‐M. The hydrogel was prepared by a crosslinking polymerization of starch‐M using sodium persulfate as an initiating agent. The starch‐M hydrogel shows morphology clearly different from that of the raw starch film due to the presence of voids on its surface. The swelling process of the starch‐M hydrogel was not significantly affected by changes on the temperature or on pH of the surrounding liquid, indicating the such behavior can be then understood by a diffusional process, resulting from its physical–chemical interactions with the solvent. The values of the diffusional exponent n were on the order of 0.45–0.49 for the range of pHs investigated, demonstrating that the water transport mechanism of starch‐M hydrogel is more dependent on Fickian diffusion, that is, controlled by water diffusion. Such starch‐M hydrogel is a promising candidate to be used in transporting and in preserving acid‐responsive drugs, such as corticoids, for the treatment of colon‐specific diseases, for example, Crohn's disease. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 2567–2574, 2008
A life course approach to public health: why early life matters (2018)

This chapter describes the theoretical and mechanistic basis, and public health implications, of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) paradigm, which has emerged from overwhelming epidemiological, clinical, and experimental evidence demonstrating the importance of early life development in influencing an individual’s susceptibility to later life disease risk. DOHaD is underpinned by the evolutionarily conserved processes of developmental plasticity. These enable phenotypic adjustment to match the environment and are effected, in part, by epigenetic mechanisms that modulate patterns of gene expression. This chapter uses obesity and its co-morbidities to illustrate how a life course approach can provide an effective strategy for reducing disease risk and have major policy implications. It focuses on early life as a critical intervention point, and recognizes the importance of taking into consideration the full range of influencial biological, behavioural, and contextual factors that operate across the life course.
Starvation-induced activation of ATM/Chk2/p53 signaling sensitizes cancer cells to cisplatin (2012)

Optimizing the safety and efficacy of standard chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin (CDDP) is of clinical relevance. Serum starvation in vitro and short-term food starvation in vivo both stress cells by the sudden depletion of paracrine growth stimulation. The effects of serum starvation on CDDP toxicity were investigated in normal and cancer cells by assessing proliferation, cell cycle distribution and activation of DNA-damage response and of AMPK, and were compared to effects observed in cells grown in serum-containing medium. The effects of short-term food starvation on CDDP chemotherapy were assessed in xenografts-bearing mice and were compared to effects on tumor growth and/or regression determined in mice with no diet alteration. We observed that serum starvation in vitro sensitizes cancer cells to CDDP while protecting normal cells. In detail, in normal cells, serum starvation resulted in a complete arrest of cellular proliferation, i.e. depletion of BrdU-incorporation during S-phase and accumulation of the cells in the G0/G1-phase of the cell cycle. Further analysis revealed that proliferation arrest in normal cells is due to p53/p21 activation, which is AMPK-dependent and ATM-independent. In cancer cells, serum starvation also decreased the fraction of S-phase cells but to a minor extent. In contrast to normal cells, serum starvation-induced p53 activation in cancer cells is both AMPK- and ATM-dependent. Combination of CDDP with serum starvation in vitro increased the activation of ATM/Chk2/p53 signaling pathway compared to either treatment alone resulting in an enhanced sensitization of cancer cells to CDDP. Finally, short-term food starvation dramatically increased the sensitivity of human tumor xenografts to cisplatin as indicated not only by a significant growth delay, but also by the induction of complete remission in 60% of the animals bearing mesothelioma xenografts, and in 40% of the animals with lung carcinoma xenografts. In normal cells, serum starvation in vitro induces a cell cycle arrest and protects from CDDP induced toxicity. In contrast, proliferation of cancer cells is only moderately reduced by serum starvation whereas CDDP toxicity is enhanced. The combination of CDDP treatment with short term food starvation improved outcome in vivo. Therefore, starvation has the potential to enhance the therapeutic index of cisplatin-based therapy.
Hyperspectral change detection and supervised matched filtering based on covariance equalization (2004)

For hyperspectral remote sensing, the physics-based transformation connecting two multivariate sets of spectral radiance data of the same scene collected at two disparate times is approximately linear (plus an offset). Generally, the covariance structures of two such data sets provide partial information about any linear transformation connecting them. The remaining unknown degrees of freedom of the transformation must be deduced from other statistics, or from a knowledge of the underlying phenomenology. Among all the possible transformations consistent with measured pairs of hyperspectral covariance structures, a particularly simple and accurate one has been found. This "rotation free" flavor of "Covariance Equalization" (CE) has led to a simplified signal processing architecture that has been implemented in a real time VNIR hyperspectral target detection system. This paper describes that architecture, presents detection performance results, and introduces a new algorithm for long-interval change detection, Matched Change Detection.
A Full Electromagnetic Analysis of Grooved-Dielectric Fresnel Zone Plate Antennas for Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Applications (2007)

Grooved-dielectric, phase-correcting, Fresnel zone plate antennas are analyzed using the body-of-revolution finite-difference time-domain (BOR-FDTD) method. Parametric studies of the focusing ability of these antennas are performed to examine the effects of the focal length, diameter, number of zones, and the thickness of the lens, as well as the number of phase corrections per zone. The results of these studies are presented as design graphs and are used to lend insight into the focusing mechanism of phase-correcting zone plates. The BOR-FDTD analysis is validated by comparison with previous measurements.
On distributed, geographic-based packet routing for LEO satellite networks (2002)

Advances in satellite technology are enabling the deployment of large constellations of low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites. Next-generation systems will be tailored for broadband, packet-switched services, and therefore require either distributed or centralized packet routing mechanisms. Some researchers have hypothesized that the semi-regular mesh topology of a polar-orbiting constellation admits a simple distributed routing protocol based on using geographic information embedded in the node address. We take a closer look at this hypothesis in the context of commercially-proposed constellation designs. Using simulation, we study a distributed routing protocol that selects the next hop based on a minimization of the remaining distance to the destination. Our numerical results indicate that this routing strategy usually yields good routes, with an average latency degradation of less than 10 ms when compared with the optimal route. However, there are locations in the topology, most notably around the counter-rotating seams, the polar regions, and close to the destination of a packet, where the assumption of a regular mesh topology breaks down and it is difficult to guarantee robustness without adding significant additional complexity to the protocol.
Characterization of a 2D laser scanner for mobile robot obstacle negotiation (2003)

This paper presents a characterization study of the Sick LMS 200 laser scanner. A number of parameters, such as operation time, data transfer rate, target surface properties, as well as the incidence angle, which may potentially affect the sensing performance, are investigated. A probabilistic range measurement model is built based on the experimental results. The paper also analyzes the mixed pixels problem of the scanner.
Generalized Kinetic Model for the Catalytic Wet Oxidation of Phenol Using Activated Carbon as the Catalyst (2005)

Catalytic wet oxidation of phenol using a commercial activated carbon (supplied by Chemviron Carbon) as the catalyst has been studied. The phenol oxidation has been carried out at middle temperatures (127−160 °C) and oxygen pressures (3.4−16 bar). An integral fixed-bed reactor with concurrent upflow of the gas and liquid phases that allows reaching of the steady state has been used as the experimental setup. The activated carbon employed is stable at the maximum temperature and pressure employed for periods higher than 200 h. It was found that the reaction takes place only at the catalyst surface, with the adsorption phenomena for both organic compounds and oxygen being significant. A generalized kinetic model is proposed for phenol oxidation and mineralization. The selected model, discriminated among several proposed, includes an adsorption term and fits the experimental data quite well. Moreover, small amounts of stable short-chain organic acids are produced in the phenol oxidation, and this fact is also taken into account in the kinetic model for the phenol mineralization rate description.
TRIP6, a novel molecular partner of the MAGI‐1 scaffolding molecule, promotes invasiveness (2008)

We recently established the critical role of the PTEN/MAGI-1b signalosome in stabilization of cell-cell contacts and suppression of invasiveness. The PTEN tumor suppressor is recruited to E-cadherin junctional complexes through the binding to the second PDZ domain of the MAGI-1b scaffolding molecule, whereas beta-catenin interacts with the fifth PDZ domain. To identify additional effectors of this signalosome, we used yeast 2-hybrid screening. Among the clones identified, we focused on TRIP6, which belongs to the zyxin family of proteins. We demonstrated that TRIP6 interacted directly with MAGI-1b by binding to its fifth PDZ domain. Ectopic expression of TRIP6 induced invasiveness in the epithelial MDCK and MDCKts-src cells in a PI3-kinase- and a NF-kappaB-dependent manner and impaired cell-cell aggregation at least in part by uncoupling adherens junctional complexes from the cytoskeleton. The TRIP6Stop473 mutant, which lacks the PDZ binding motif, was still able to increase NF-kappaB and Akt activities but did not promote invasiveness or interfere with cell-cell aggregation. Intracellular delivery of competing peptides corresponding to TRIP6 or beta-catenin C terminus restored invasive properties in MDCKts-src TRIP6Stop473 cells, highlighting the requirement of PDZ scaffolds in junctional complexes activity. TRIP6 overexpression in colon tumors suggest its critical role in cancer progression.
FoodRepo: An Open Food Repository of Barcoded Food Products (2018)

In the past decade, digital technologies have started to profoundly influence healthcare systems. Digital self-tracking has facilitated more precise epidemiological studies, and in the field of nutritional epidemiology, mobile apps have the potential to alleviate a significant part of the journaling burden by, for example, allowing users to record their food intake via a simple scan of packaged products barcodes. Such studies thus rely on databases of commercialized products, their barcodes, ingredients, and nutritional values, which are not yet openly available with sufficient geographical and product coverage. In this paper, we present FoodRepo (https://www.foodrepo.org), an open food repository of barcoded food items, whose database is programmatically accessible through an application programming interface (API). Furthermore, an open source license gives the appropriate rights to anyone to share and reuse FoodRepo data, including for commercial purposes. With currently more than 21,000 items available on the Swiss market, our database represents a solid starting point for large-scale studies in the field of digital nutrition, with the aim to lead to a better understanding of the intricate connections between diets and health in general, and metabolic disorders in particular.
Insertion of SMRV‐H viral DNA at the c‐<i>myc</i> gene locus of a BL cell line and presence in established cell lines (1992)

Mutation of the c-myc gene locus has occurred during in vitro culture of the Burkitt lymphoma cell line Namalwa. Gene cloning and sequencing of this c-myc gene locus has revealed the insertion of incomplete copies of the Squirrel Monkey Retrovirus-Human (SMRV-H) proviral genome. Insertions of the SMRV-H genome were seen in all Namalwa cell lines tested, with multiple insertions being seen in some sublines. Viral particles with the morphology of type-D retrovirus, budding from these cells, were seen by transmission EM. New insertions of the genome were produced spontaneously in these cells. The origins of the type-D retrovirus and its implications for workers in the field are discussed.
High-speed inlet unstart calculations using an implicit solution adaptive mesh algorithm (2001)

Time accurate high-speed flow calculations using a three-dimensional adaptive mesh algorithm with a time accurate implicit Navier-Stokes solver are presented in this work. A dynamic grid adaptation algorithm is developed which improves grid orthogonality near boundaries allowing the accurate resolution of both high-Reynolds number turbulent boundary layers and complex inviscid flow features. This is achieved by using a skewness factor raised to an orthogonality factor (magnitude of face unit normal dot product) as coefficients in the grid point movement algorithm. Steadystate calculations of a three-dimensional inlet/isolator flowfield are presented to highlight the ability of the adaptive mesh algorithm to resolve complex flow features. A three-dimensional inlet unstart due to a combustor perturbation is simulated by closing a diffuser ramp which raises exit pressure. The computational results demonstrate the ability to calculate 3-D highspeed inlet unstarts with a solution adaptive mesh algo-
Status and Prospect of Pre-combustion CO2 Capture Technology (2009)

지구온난화 방지 및 환경보호를 위한 발전소 배출 가스 규제가 강화됨에 따라, 공해물질을 원천 제거한 zero-emission 발전소 개발이 추진되고 있다. 오염원 무배출 발전의 하나인 IGCC에 CCS를 연계한 연소전 CO2 포집 기 술은 이산화탄소를 줄이면서 수소를 동시에 생산할 수 있으므로, 화석연료 경제와 수소경제를 잇는 다리 역할을 할 것 으로 기대된다. 이에 본고에서는 연소전 CO2 포집 기술의 개요와 기술개발 현황 및 향후 전망에 대해 기술하였다.
Relative Safety of Sexual Lubricants for Rectal Intercourse (2004)

We have developed a quantitative method to assay the degree of sloughing of the rectal epithelium. Using this and other techniques, we are able to predict the degree to which lubricants could be safe for rectal use.
Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management (2013)

SESAR Project 15.2.6 is developing generally applicable mission requirements for a future European satellite communications infrastructure aimed at being an enabler for 4D air traffic management. Together with terrestrial datalink technologies in a multilink environment, satellite communications is envisaged to provide performance that would be too challenging and expensive to achieve for a single technology. Taking these requirements as an input, the European Space Agency's (ESA) Iris programme has, since 2007, been developing a suitable satellite system in close collaboration with stakeholders including SESAR JU, Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs), aviation stakeholders, the European Commission and EUROCONTROL. A key focus of the requirements is the user need for globally interoperable systems. With this context, development work within the Iris programme revolves around development of a communication standard (CS) for satellite based ATM communications and the validation infrastructure for the satellite communication system enabler. A proposal for a suitable standard will be completed in 2013. It is the ambition of this work to contribute to an update of the ICAO SARPs and associated technical manual at ICAO level. Activity for a proposal of update of the SARPs is coordinated by EUROCONTROL in the NEXUS working group. The mission requirements have matured in many areas providing an increasingly solid framework for designing and judging derived system designs. Indeed the next step for P15.2.6 in terms of verification is to define the required infrastructure. These verification infrastructure requirements will also be taken as input by ESA as the entity responsible for development of verification infrastructure for the proposed solution. Development of the requirements has centred on achieving a balance between needs for performance, and low costs for end users in terms of both equipage and operation, particularly with respect to the user terminal. Furthermore, work has addressed the financial viability of the system through provision of AOC services in addition to ATC services, and with the possibility of competing and yet seamlessly interoperable service providers.
Isolation, expression analysis and chromosomal mapping of a novel human kinase gene MLK4 (2001)

Ідентифіковано новий ген людини MLK4. Отримано дві альтернативні форми сплайсингу цього гена, MUC4α та MLK4β. Експресію гена виявлено в підшлунковій залозі, нирках, печінці, легенях, мозку, серці та плаценті. Ген картовано до хромосомної ділянки lq42. Аналіз виведеної амінокислотної послідовності MLK4 виявив високий рівень гомології до представників родини MLK, які відіграють значну роль у шляхах сигнальної трансдукції.
A Unified Approach for Patterning via Frontal Photopolymerization (2015)

A unified patterning strategy via frontal photopolymerization (FPP) that is robust to a wide range of radical photopolymerizing systems, including thiol-ene and acrylic monomers is reported. The factors governing the spatiotemporal solidification process, including front position, profile shape, and thermal effects, are investigated and modeled theoretically, resulting in the predictive FPP patterning of polymer networks with prescribed dimensions.