gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cardiac arrhythmias. Frequency during fiberoptic bronchoscopy and correlation with hypoxemia (1981)

• To evaluate the occurrence of ECG abnormalities during fiberoptic bronchoscopy in relation to specific stages of the procedure and to hypoxemia, we prospectively studied 50 hospitalized patients aged 53 ± 18 years (mean ± SD) who were undergoing bronchoscopy by continuously monitoring cardiac rhythm with a continuous two-channel ECG recorder and oxygen saturation by using ear oximetry. Major disturbances of cardiac rhythm (ie, atrial, ventricular, or both) developed in 20 (40%) patients. Ventricular arrhythmias were recorded in ten patients (20%) and occurred with greatest frequency during passage of the bronchoscope through the vocal cords in five of these patients. Atrial arrhythmias were detected in 16 patients (32%), but their occurrence did not correlate closely with any one stage of the procedure. Arrhythmias were most frequent in association with periods of maximum oxygen desaturation in 12 of these 20 patients. Oxygen desaturation persisted for greater than one hour after bronchoscopy in 34 (68%) of 50 subjects. Notably, no correlation was observed between the frequency of arrhythmias during bronchoscopy and patients' age, sex, prior medications, or preexisting cardiac or pulmonary disorders. In no case was an ECG abnormality associated with adverse clinical sequelae. (<i>Arch Intern Med</i>1981;141:603-606)
Direct-coupled gyrator suitable for integrated circuits and time variation (1966)

A direct-coupled gyrator circuit which can be easily realised in integrated-circuit form is described. Since the gyrator action extends to d.c., it is practicable to realise d.c. transformers by cascading two such gyrators.
Wear in Cummins M-11/EGR Test Engines (2002)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The Cummins M-11/EGR diesel engine test is a key tool in evaluating lubricants for the new PC-9 performance category. Wear on liners, crossheads, rocker arms and top ring faces of M-11/EGR high soot test engines operated with two different test cycles was studied through analytical surface techniques. The first test cycle used in this study was an early prototype PC-9 cycle, and the second test cycle was the PC-9 test procedure. Abrasive wear was observed on liners, crossheads and top ring faces. In addition to abrasive wear, corrosive wear was also found on M-11/EGR liners. However, no corrosive wear was observed on crossheads, rocker arms or top ring faces. Soot provides the major contribution to abrasive wear, since the widths of the relatively uniform parallel grooves in the wear scars closely match the primary soot particle sizes. More importantly, soot produced by the M-11/EGR engine was found to be harder than the engine parts. This provides more evidence to support the theory that soot-induced abrasive wear can be the dominant wear mechanism in diesel lubrication.</div>
Epitaxial growth of an MgO buffer layer and electrode layer on Si for Pb(Zr,Ti)O/sub 3/ by PLD (2002)

Thin films of MgO were grown on Si[100] substrates as a buffer layer for the epitaxial growth of films of Pb(Zr,Ti)O/sub 3/. A layer of Ir or Pt was also grown on MgO/Si as a bottom electrode layer by pulsed laser deposition. In situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction and an X-ray pole figure confirmed the epitaxial relationship between the film of MgO and the Si[100] substrate, as well as between the layer of Ir or Pt and MgO. The surface and cross-sectional morphologies of films were evaluated by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The Ir and Pt electrode layers grown on MgO/Si had smooth surfaces good crystallinity. PZT films were also successfully grown epitaxially on the Ir/MgO/Si and Pt/MgO/Si by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition.
The Blur Effect: Perception and Estimation with a New No-Reference Perceptual Blur Metric (2007)

International audience
<i>Escherichia coli</i>Harboring Shiga Toxin 2 Gene Variants: Frequency and Association with Clinical Symptoms (2002)

Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) from patients with hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), patients with diarrhea without HUS, or asymptomatic subjects were genotyped to assess associations between stx2 variants and clinical manifestations of infection. Neither stx2d nor stx2e was found in 268 STEC isolates from patients with HUS. Of 262 STEC isolates from patients with diarrhea, stx(2d) was found in 41 (15.6%; P<.000001), and stx2e was found in 12 (4.6%; P=.0004). The stx2c genotype frequency was similar among isolates from patients with HUS (3.7%) and diarrhea (5.0%). The frequencies of stx2c, stx2d, and stx2e among 96 STEC isolates from asymptomatic subjects were comparable to those among isolates from patients with diarrhea. None of the 626 STEC isolates contained stx2f. All stx2d-positive or stx2e-positive STEC isolates were eae negative and originated from subjects older than those with STEC isolates with stx2c. stx2c-positive STEC isolates can cause HUS, but the presence of stx2d or stx2e may predict a milder disease with a minimal risk of HUS.
Active Instrument Engagement Combined with a Real-Time Database Search for Improved Performance of Sample Multiplexing Workflows (2019)

Quantitative proteomics employing isobaric reagents has been established as a powerful tool for biological discovery. Current workflows often utilize a dedicated quantitative spectrum to improve quantitative accuracy and precision. A consequence of this approach is a dramatic reduction in the spectral acquisition rate, which necessitates the use of additional instrument time to achieve comprehensive proteomic depth. This work assesses the performance and benefits of online and real-time spectral identification in quantitative multiplexed workflows. A Real-Time Search (RTS) algorithm was implemented to identify fragment spectra within milliseconds as they are acquired using a probabilistic score and to trigger quantitative spectra only upon confident peptide identification. The RTS-MS<sup>3</sup> was benchmarked against standard workflows using a complex two-proteome model of interference and a targeted 10-plex comparison of kinase abundance profiles. Applying the RTS-MS<sup>3</sup> method provided the comprehensive characterization of a 10-plex proteome in 50% less acquisition time. These data indicate that the RTS-MS<sup>3</sup> approach provides dramatic performance improvements for quantitative multiplexed experiments.
Electrodeposition of Nickel onto 12K Carbon Fibre Tow in a Continuous Manner (2012)

Nickel-coated carbon fibre (NiCCF) is an important composite material, which finds numerous engineering applications, primarily within: computer, telecommunication, automotive and military industries. In general, NiCCF can be produced by one of the three methods, namely: chemical vapour deposition (CVD), electroless, and electrochemical (galvanic) deposition of Ni on a carbon fibre tow material. The present paper reports a study of the process of nickel electrodeposition (at ultrathin layers of 0.3-0.5 m) onto the surface of 12K (12 000 single filaments) carbon fibre (CF) tow, carried-out in a continuous way. In addition, the effect of selected pre-treatments applied to carbon fibre, as well as that of operational parameters of the process, on the quality of the NiCCF product were investigated. (
Exploiting location information and enabling adaptive mobile ad hoc network protocols (2002)

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) consist of a group of mobile nodes which form a communication network without prior infrastructure. Each node in the network is responsible to provide services to other nodes in order to realize the ad hoc communication capability. A key component and primary challenge in MANETs is routing data packets over multiple hops between nodes. MANET routing has received considerable research interest recently. However, no routing protocol proposed to date has proven to be effective in the wide range of mobility conditions present in a MANET. We combine location information and mobility feedback to create an innovative MANET routing protocol which we prove is effective over a wide range of mobility conditions typical in a MANET. We introduce link duration as our mobility feedback metric, and we demonstrate that mobility feedback using link duration effectively enables adaptive MANET protocols. Using our mobility feedback agent, we develop a hybrid MANET routing protocol which adapts in order to combine the strengths of both component protocols while avoiding their weaknesses. Our hybrid, adaptive protocol achieves data packet delivery ratios above 80% in highly demanding network mobility conditions (i.e. link durations less than 4 seconds and node speeds up to 40 m/s). No existing MANET routing protocol can achieve such high performance operating alone. In addition we show that location information increases the performance of MANET routing. Finally, we develop a comprehensive set of mathematical models for data packet delivery ratio, overhead, and delay. These models confirm the suitability of link duration as a mobility metric, validate our simulation results and conclusions, and provide valuable insight into reactive MANET routing protocol operation.
Erratum: ‘‘Temperature dependence of transition metal magnetism’’ [J. Appl. Phys. <b>6</b> <b>7</b>, 4552 (1990)] (1990)

Equation (4) should read
Simultaneous elastic and electromechanical imaging by scanning probe microscopy: Theory and applications to ferroelectric and biological materials (2005)

An approach for combined imaging of elastic and electromechanical properties of materials, referred to as piezoacoustic scanning probe microscopy (PA-SPM), is presented. Applicability of this technique for elastic and electromechanical imaging with nanoscale resolution in such dissimilar materials as ferroelectrics and biological tissues is demonstrated. The PA-SPM signal formation is analyzed based on the theory of nanoelectromechanics of piezoelectric indentation and signal sensitivity to materials properties and imaging conditions. It is shown that simultaneous measurements of local indentation stiffness and indentation piezocoefficient provide the most complete description of the local electroelastic properties for transversally isotropic materials, thus making piezoacoustic SPM a comprehensive imaging and analysis tool. The contrast formation mechanism in the low frequency regime is described in terms of tip-surface contact mechanics. Signal generation volumes for electromechanical and elastic signals are determined and relative sensitivity of piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM) for topographic cross-talk is established.
Cutting Edge: Caspase-1 Independent IL-1β Production Is Critical for Host Resistance to <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> and Does Not Require TLR Signaling In Vivo (2010)

To investigate the respective contributions of TLR versus IL-1R mediated signals in MyD88 dependent control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we compared the outcome of M. tuberculosis infection in MyD88, TRIF/MyD88, IL-1R1, and IL-1beta-deficient mice. All four strains displayed acute mortality with highly increased pulmonary bacterial burden suggesting a major role for IL-1beta signaling in determining the MyD88 dependent phenotype. Unexpectedly, the infected MyD88 and TRIF/MyD88-deficient mice, rather than being defective in IL-1beta expression, displayed increased cytokine levels relative to wild-type animals. Similarly, infected mice deficient in caspase-1 and ASC, which have critical functions in inflammasome-mediated IL-1beta maturation, showed unimpaired IL-1beta production and importantly, were considerably less susceptible to infection than IL-1beta deficient mice. Together our findings reveal a major role for IL-1beta in host resistance to M. tuberculosis and indicate that during this infection the cytokine can be generated by a mechanism that does not require TLR signaling or caspase-1.
Retinal projection head-mounted display (2016)

Retinal projection displays (RPDs) are an important development direction for head-mounted displays (HMDs). This paper reviews the literature on optical engineering aspects based on the data on advanced technology in RPD design and development. The review includes the principles and applications of four theories, e. g., the Maxwellian view and its modified modality and the monocular and binocular depth cues of stereoscopic objects in the physiology of the human visual system. To support the Maxwellian view and achieve retinal projection systems with depth cues, results of previous design works were summarized using different methods and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. With an extremely long focal depth, a prototype of a full-color stereoscopic see-through RPD system was discussed. Finally, a brief outlook of the future development trends and applications of the RPDs was presented
CBFA1 and Topoisomerase I mRNA Levels Decline During Cellular Aging of Human Trabecular Osteoblasts (2000)

In order to understand the reasons for age-related impairment of the function of bone forming osteoblasts, we have examined the steady-state mRNA levels of the transcription factor CBFA1 and topoisomerase I during cellular aging of normal human trabecular osteoblasts, by the use of semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). There is a progressive and significant reduction of the CBFA1 steady-state mRNA level down to 50% during cellular aging of human osteoblasts. In comparison to the normal cells, human osteosarcoma cell lines SaOS-2 and KHOS/NP, and the SV40-transformed human lung fibroblast cell line MRC5V2 have 20 to 40% higher levels of CBFA1 mRNA. Similar levels of CBFA1 mRNA are detectable in normal human skin fibroblasts, and these cells also exhibit an age-related decline to the same extent. In addition, the expression of topoisomerase I is reduced by 40% in senescent osteoblasts, and the mRNA levels are significantly higher (40-70%) in transformed osteoblasts and fibroblasts. These changes in gene expression may be among the causes of impaired osteoblast functions, resulting in reduced bone formation during aging.
A new differential positioning method using modulation correlation of signals of opportunity (2010)

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have become the positioning systems of choice for many applications. However, GNSS signals are susceptible to obstruction, interference and jamming. Therefore, to maximize robustness and integrity, it is necessary to employ a dissimilar positioning technology that can operate independently and back-up GNSS. One such technology exploits `signals of opportunity' - signals that are designed for purposes other than navigation. This paper presents a system that uses amplitude modulation (AM) radio broadcasts in the medium frequency (MF) band. At these frequencies, the predominant ground-wave propagation mode offers better coverage in remote areas and over sea than is achievable with higher frequency signals. The system is differential and operates by correlating modulation information between the reference and user receivers. A system of this form mitigates the deterioration in and around buildings encountered in prior systems and can provide absolute position using fewer signals than a system using only carrier phase. The system presented in this paper uses generalized cross correlation to obtain time difference of arrival measurements that are subsequently used for position determination. Preliminary results indicate the system provides a robust position solution. Moreover, the system offers the potential to be combined with carrier phase measurements to achieve enhanced performance, while the modulation correlation technique is readily extendable to other types of signal.
On the electrophotographic behaviour of pink zinc oxide (1970)

The electrophotographic properties of pink zinc oxide powder embedded in silicone resin have been investigated in a standard measuring unit with a sample holder on a turntable, a translucent measuring probe, and a corona discharge in a vacuum box. The charging and subsequent discharging in the dark and under illumination have been recorded. From these curves, the half-life of the light-decay of pink zinc oxide layers was evaluated. Depending on a suitable preparation, the layers exhibited a negative charging up to —850 V and a positive charging up to 500 V. As could be demonstrated, both the dark-decay and the speed of the light discharge of some layers were comparable with electrofax paper available on the market for reprographic purposes. The remaining residual charge, however, is at present larger than that of electrofax paper. This larger residual voltage of the layers, however, can be possibly caused by the rather large portion of resin in the layers. The spectral dependence of the photocurrent of the pink zinc oxide resin layers exhibits two maxima, one at 490 and the other at 585 nm caused by the remission maximum and the fluorescence, respectively. Zur Untersuchung der elektrophotographischen Eigenschaften von rotem ZnO wurden verschiedene ZnO-Siliconharz-Schichten hergestellt und in einer geeigneten Meßzelle einer Coronaentladung unterworfen. Die dabei erzielte Aufladung und anschließende Entladung wurde mit und ohne Einstrahlung von sichtbarem Licht gemessen. Die Schichten zeigten bei geeigneter Präparation eine positive Aufladung von 500 V und eine negative Aufladung bis —850 V. Sowohl die Dunkelentladung als auch die Photoempfindlichkeit mancher Schichten ist den Eigenschaften von käuflichem ZnO-Papier für Reproduktionszwecke durchaus vergleichbar, allerdings ist die verbleibende Restladung höher. Die spektrale Abhängigkeit des Photostromes zeigt zwei Maxima bei 490 und 585 nm, der Wellenlänge des Remissions-Maximums bzw. der Fluoreszenz von rotem ZnO.
Immunity to a pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans infection requires both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. (1991)

The role of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in mediating pulmonary clearance of a cryptococcal infection was investigated. Intratracheal inoculation of BALB/c and C.B-17 mice with a moderately virulent strain of Cryptococcus neoformans (52D) resulted in a pulmonary infection, which was cleared by a T cell-dependent mechanism. During this clearance, there was a significant influx of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells into the lungs. Depletion of CD4+ T cells by injections of CD4-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) prevented pulmonary clearance and also resulted in significant colonization of the brain and spleen of infected mice. CD4 depletion did not prevent the influx of CD8+ T cells into the lungs. Surprisingly, depletion of CD8+ T cells by mAb also ablated pulmonary clearance. CD8-depleted mice also had a small but significant increase in brain and spleen colony-forming unit compared to control mice by the end of the study. CD4+ T cell pulmonary influx was independent of the presence of CD8+ T cells. The lungs of T cell-depleted mice were examined histologically. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells each mediated a degree of inflammatory influx seen in the lungs of infected mice and raised the possibility that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells may synergize to generate the inflammatory response in the lungs. Numerous phagocytized but intact cryptococci were seen in the inflammatory foci of CD8-depleted mice but not in control or CD4-depleted mice. We propose that CD4+ T cells may recruit and activate effector phagocytes while CD8+ T cells predominantly function to lyse cryptococcus-laden unactivated phagocytes similar to the function of CD8+ T cells during listeria and mycobacteria infections.
QoE Inference Without Application Control (2016)

Network quality-of-service (QoS) does not always directly translate to users' quality-of-experience (QoE), e.g., changes in a video streaming app's frame rate in reaction to changes in packet loss rate depend on various factors such as the adaptation strategy used by the app and the app's use of forward error correction (FEC) codes. Therefore, knowledge of user QoE is desirable in several scenarios that have traditionally operated on QoS information. Examples include traffic management by ISPs and resource allocation by the operating system (OS). However, today, entities such as ISPs and OSes that implement these optimizations typically do not have a convenient way of obtaining input from applications on user QoE.
Different effects of the polysaccharide levan on the oncogenicity of cells of two variants of Lewis lung carcinoma. (1986)

A marked difference in sensitivity to the direct effect of the polysaccharide levan on tumour cells was observed between two variants of malignancy of Lewis lung carcinoma: cells of the more malignant variant (3LL-M) were much more sensitive to the drug than those of the less malignant tumour (3LL). A gradual decrease in tumorigenicity following preincubation with increasing levan concentrations was observed with both variants, but statistically significant inhibition was observed at lower levan concentrations with 3LL-M than with 3LL.
Micellar solubilization of biopolymers in organic solvents. 5. Activity and conformation of .alpha.-chymotrypsin in isooctane-AOT reverse micelles (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicellar solubilization of biopolymers in organic solvents. 5. Activity and conformation of .alpha.-chymotrypsin in isooctane-AOT reverse micellesSlobodan Barbaric and Pier Luigi LuisiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 14, 4239–4244Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00404a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00404a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views509Altmetric-Citations254LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
External cavity laser with high-sidemode suppression ratio using grating-assisted directional coupler (2005)

We propose and demonstrate, for the first time, a method to improve the sidemode suppression ratio (SMSR) of an external cavity laser (ECL) with a grating-assisted directional coupler as an external mirror. The ECL consisting of a Fabry-Pe/spl acute/rot laser diode and a grating-assisted coupler exhibited single-longitudinal-mode oscillation at Bragg wavelength with a high SMSR of 60 dB without any additional devices.