gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the evolution of fingertip grasping manifolds (2016)

Efficient and accurate planning of fingertip grasps is essential for dexterous in-hand manipulation. In this work, we present a system for fingertip grasp planning that incrementally learns a heuristic for hand reachability and multi-fingered inverse kinematics. The system consists of an online execution module and an offline optimization module. During execution the system plans and executes fingertip grasps using Canny's grasp quality metric and a learned random forest based hand reachability heuristic. In the offline module, this heuristic is improved based on a grasping manifold that is incrementally learned from the experiences collected during execution. The system is evaluated both in simulation and on a Schunk-SDH dexterous hand mounted on a KUKA-KR5 arm. We show that, as the grasping manifold is adapted to the system's experiences, the heuristic becomes more accurate, which results in an improved performance of the execution module. The improvement is not only observed for experienced objects, but also for previously unknown objects of similar sizes.
A Multibeam Ophthalmoscope for the Study of Retinal Physiology* (1952)

An ophthalmoscope is described for electrophysiological research on the retina. It adds to the usual viewing and illuminating beam two stimulating beams whose patterns may also be viewed and photographed. A large region of the mammalian fundus can be surveyed, the eye being in the center of a spherical coordinate system.The design provides measured adaptive and stimulating parameters over the photopic range, sufficient to study intensity, color, timing, and spatial interaction in the retinal mechanisms. Extension to mesopia and scotopia is possible.Associated optically and mechanically are devices for locating, holding, and directing the eye and head of anaesthetized cats (or monkeys). The eye holder carries a small micromanipulator to control the direction and feed of microelectrodes. This arrangement provides stable electrical contact with single optic ganglion cells for long periods.The method does not interfere with normal metabolism and optical functioning of the eye.
Decision support tool for web cache management (2002)

Web caching is the subject of intense research and development since it seems to be very promising area. Web caching means storing copies of frequently used objects (documents) geographically close to users requesting them to reduce network load, servers load and user response times. Cache can be situated in different locations between user and servers with original content. It seems that the most significant improvement can be achieved by using the proxy server -- a dedicated web server. Various parameters affect web cache performance: cache size, limitations on document sizes or documents removal policy. Several metrics are used to evaluate this performance: hit rate for example is the ratio of documents obtained by using the cache mechanism comparing to the total number of documents requested. Choosing adequate parameters for interesting traffic patterns to improve cache performance is not a trivial cache management problem. Prototype tool based on multicriteria model analysis and supporting such web cache management is presented. Simple case was examined where small number of sets of cache parameters (variants), miniature traffic representation and only two performance measures are considered.
The evolution of multi-isoacceptor tRNA families. Sequence of tRNA Leu CAA and tRNA Leu CAG from Anacystis nidulans. (1981)

Two leucine tRNAs from the cyanophyte Anacystis nidulans have been isolated, and their complete nucleotide sequences have been determined by combining data from oligonucleotide fingerprints and sequencing gels. The two sequences are 87 nucleotides long, have the anticodons CAA and CAG, and differ from each other at a total of 28 positions. They have been compared to other known tRNA Leu sequences and incorporated into a phylogenetic tree comprising prokaryotic and chloroplastic tRNA Leu sequences. Mutations inferred from the tree show that some parts of the tRNA molecule are highly variable (the extra arm and the acceptor stem) while others are much more conserved (the D and T arms). The topology of the tree supports the idea that blue-green algae and chloroplasts share a common prokaryotic ancestor and show a basic divergence between XAA and XAG anticodon-containing tRNAs, suggesting that these two subfamilies result from an ancient gene duplication. Finally, comparison of this phylogenetic tree with those of other multi-isoacceptor tRNA families shows no common scheme, which may be due to independent refinement of codon-reading patterns in different tRNA families.
Scoring and Selecting Terms for Text Categorization (2005)

We propose a set of (machine learning) ML-based scoring measures for conducting feature selection. We've tested these measures on documents from two well-known corpora, comparing them with other measures previously applied for this purpose. In particular, we've analyzed which measure obtains the best overall classification performance in terms of properties such as precision and recall, emphasizing to what extent some statistical properties of the corpus affects performance. The results show that some of our measures outperform the traditional measures in certain situations.
High Speed Bipolar ECL Devices Using a Vertically Isolated Self-Aligned Transistor (1983)

We have fabricated ECL devices such as ring oscillators and a 1/16 divider to evaluate the performance of a vertically isolated self-aligned transistor which is named VIST. This VIST has a bird's beak-free oxide isolation and an inactive base of high impurity concentration formed extremely near the emitter region. Moreover, all the side walls of emitter, base and collector are covered with oxide film. Using VIST, propagation delay time of 160 psec was achieved in an ECL ring oscillator. The ECL divider operated at frequencies up to 2.5 GHz with 21 mW power dissipation per stage. This operating frequency is the highest value ever reported of silicon dividers.
Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain (NOD) Inhibitors: A Rational Approach toward Inhibition of NOD Signaling Pathway (2014)

Dysregulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domains 1 and 2 (NOD1 and NOD2) has been implicated in the pathology of various inflammatory disorders, rendering them and their downstream signaling proteins potential therapeutic targets. Selective inhibition of NOD1 and NOD2 signaling could be advantageous in treating many acute and chronic diseases; therefore, harnessing the full potential of NOD inhibitors is a key topic in medicinal chemistry. Although they are among the best studied NOD-like receptors (NLRs), the therapeutic potential of pharmacological modulation of NOD1 and NOD2 is largely unexplored. This review is focused on the scientific progress in the field of NOD inhibitors over the past decade, including the recently reported selective inhibitors of NOD1 and NOD2. In addition, the potential approaches to inhibition of NOD signaling as well as the advantages and disadvantages linked with inhibition of NOD signaling are discussed. Finally, the potential directions for drug discovery are also discussed.
Development of software interface for testing of embedded system (2013)

Testing of embedded devices is a big challenge in a changing and competitive technical environment, as testing of one embedded application is not similar to another. For testing of embedded system generic middleware, device driver and operating systems are required and ruled over target hardware for the execution. Companies developing products based on embedded systems understand the fact that high quality and unique application software plays an important role in the differentiation of their products from their competitors. This generic interface can test the various services of the embedded system, and supports unit test and integration test which are based system testing technology. By using generic interface in the target embedded platform to do testing the results show that our constructed testing interface is workable. This paper, in the perspective of software solution, presents a generic API for testing the target embedded system.
N→N Alkyl and Glycosyl Migration of Purines and Pyrimidines. III. N→N Alkyl and Glycosyl Migration of Purine Derivatives (1970)

Alkyl and glycosyl migration reactions of N-1, N-3, N-7 and N-9 substituted derivatives of adenine, N6, N6-dimethyladenine, N2-acetylguanine and purine were demonstrated. In addition, the chemical shifts of these derivatives in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were determined and the frontier π-electron densities of nitrogens in purine ring were calculated by simple LCAOMO method. These results provided the order of thermodynamical stability and kinetical favour of the derivatives on the alkylation reaction.
A Generalized Transient Network Model for Associative Polymer Networks (2001)

A transient network model is described for a polymeric system consisting of linear chains, connected with temporary cross-links. The model is a reformulation and extension of a similar model which was presented recently [Wientjes, R. H. W.; Jongschaap, R. J. J.; Duits, M. H. G.; Mellema, J. A new transient network model for associative polymer networks. J. Rheol. 1999, 43, 375−391]. Contrary to common transient network models the interconnection between segments is explicitly taken into account. The dynamics of the system is also described by the state of a whole chain, instead of separate segments. As a result a prediction of the shape of relaxation spectra is possible. The model predicts broad spectra with long relaxation times, in particular for chains with many stickers. In the present formulation also systems with multiple types of stickers can be treated. In that case, plateau regions in dynamic moduli may appear.
Partially adaptive phased array fed cylindrical reflector technique for high performance synthetic aperture radar system (2002)

Spaceborne microwave radar instruments demand a high-performance antenna with a large aperture. Particularly challenging in the specifications for the technical requirements of the antenna is to maintain radiation patterns with low sidelobe levels over wide scan angles in the across track direction, and to obtain the appropriate antenna beamwidth and directivity for a field of view from nadir, so that a ground swath size is properly illuminated. We present a novel antenna design technique to achieve and enhance the capabilities for such an instrument. A cylindrical reflector fed with a partially adaptive phased array feed is proposed. It is shown that high-versatility reflector patterns are obtained with amplitude and phase control of only the edge elements, partially adaptive, in the array.
Automatic Measurement and Recognition of Yarn Snarls by Digital Image and Signal Processing Methods (2008)

In this paper, a computerized method has been proposed for automatic measurement and recognition of yarn wet snarls from an image of snarled yarn samples captured in a water bath. After image acquisition, image conversion and individual snarled sample extraction, the yarn profile function was extracted from the separated binary image. Fast Fourier Transform and Adaptive Orientated Orthogonal Projective Decomposition were then incorporated into a pattern recognition algorithm of yarn snarl features by treating the yarn profile function as a one-dimensional signal. In addition to the number of yarn snarl turns, the method was also accurate and efficient for the detection of yarn snarl height and width, which are unobtainable by the untwisting method. The effects of various factors on the yarn profile function were numerically examined, including distributions of yarn diameter and snarl, and the level of random noise.
Fermentation, isolation, and biological activity of maduramycin: A new antibiotic from <i>Actinomadura rubra</i> (1978)

Abstract In a continuing search for new antibiotics, the species Actinomadura rubra (Sveshnikova et al. ) J. MEYER et M. SVESHNIKOVA 1974 (strain IMET 13001) was found to produce a red pigment with indicator properties, designated maduramycin. The pigment (C 28 H 22 O 10 ; m.w. 518 m/e − ; m.p. 305‐310 °C (dec.); uv max 225.307 nm) possesses a strong antimicrobial activity against grampositive bacteria, including strains which produce inactivating enzymes for some commercial antibiotics. Maduramycin forms a complex with serum albumin, but no complex formation with DNA was observed using absorption spectroscopic and polarographic methods. Maduramycin additionally inhibits the action of some enzymes. The LD 50 of maduramycin in mice was > 250 mg/kg on intraperitoneal administration. Fermentation, isolation, and some of the chemical and biological properties of this new antibiotic are described.
Thermal performance of High-Efficiency Vortex (HEV) variants: reversed arrays configuration (2013)

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A Compact Two Via Slot-Type Electromagnetic Bandgap Structure (2017)

A novel two via slot-type electromagnetic bandgap (TVS-EBG) structure is presented in this letter. Design and analysis of the TVS-EBG structure are done by using the LC analytical model. In the central located via EBG (CLV-EBG) and the edge located via EBG (ELV-EBG) structure, current flowing through via gives the inductor (L) and the gap between the adjacent cells gives the capacitance (C). From the LC analytical model, in order to design compact EBG structure, the product of LC should be high. TVS-EBG structure increases the value of C and L per unit EBG cell by making a slot on the square patch of the cell and two via between square patch of the cell and ground plane. TVS-EBG structure simulated using Ansoft HFSS and tested. Simulated and experimental results prove that, compared with CLV-EBG, complementary split ring resonator-based EBG, and ELV-EBG, a size reduction of 35.29%, 17.20%, and 13.48% has been achieved, respectively.
Reaction of Retinol with Peroxynitrite (2007)

The reactivity of retinol with peroxynitrite, which is a strong oxidant and has been reported to induce several biological damages, was investigated. 13-cis-14-nitroretinol (1), 13-trans-14-nitroretinol (2), 13-apo-beta-carotenone (3), retinal (4), 11,14-epoxyretinol (5), and 11,15-epoxyretinol (6) were identified as reaction products of retinol with peroxynitrite. From these results, it was observed that retinol can undergo a nitration reaction with peroxynitrite. Furthermore, the formation mechanisms of 1, 2, and 3 from retinol with peroxynitrite are discussed.
Effect of symmetric bit wear and attack angle on airborne respirable dust and energy consumption. Report of investigations 1979 (1979)

The Bureau of Mines conducted a series of experiments using four different coal types to determine the effect of attack angle and symmetric bit wear on airborne respirable dust (ARD) generated by point-attack bits and in energy consumption. Neither had a significant effect on ARD at the 95-pct confidence level, but bit wear had a significant effect (95 pct confidence) on specific energy (energy per gram of cut coal) for three coal types. Depth of cut was the most significant factor affecting ARD and specific energy.
Discovery of Thiazolidine‐2,4‐Dione/Biphenylcarbonitrile Hybrid as Dual <scp>PPAR</scp> α/γ Modulator with Antidiabetic Effect: <i>In vitro, In Silico</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Approaches (2013)

A small series of thiazolidine-2,4-dione and barbituric acid derivatives 1-4 was prepared using a short synthetic route, and all compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and NMR ((1)H, (13)C) spectroscopy. Their in vitro relative expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ was evaluated. Compound 1 showed an increase in the mRNA expression of both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor isoforms, as well as the GLUT-4 levels. The antidiabetic activity of compound 1 was determined at 50 mg/kg single dose using a non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus rat model. The results indicated a significant decrease in plasma glucose levels. Additionally, we performed a molecular docking of compound 1 into the ligand binding pocket of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ. In these binding models, compound 1 may bind into the active site of both isoforms showing important short contacts with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ residues: Tyr 473, His 449, Ser 289, His 323; and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α residues: Tyr 464, His 440, Ser 280 and Tyr 314.
Effects of Polyunsaturated Fats on Blood Pressure (1993)

The objective of this review is to provide an overview of intermittent fasting regimens, summarize the evidence on the health benefits of intermittent fasting, and discuss physiological mechanisms by which intermittent fasting might lead to improved ...Read More
Generation of Enantiomeric Amino Acids during Acid Hydrolysis of Peptides Detected by the Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectroscopy (2010)

The number of reports indicating the occurrence of D-amino acids in various proteins and natural peptides is increasing. For a usual detection of peptidyl D-amino acids, proteins or peptides are subjected to acid hydrolysis, and the products obtained are analyzed after cancellation of the effect of amino acid racemization during the hydrolysis. However, this method does not seem reliable enough to determine the absence or presence of a small amount of innate D-amino acids. We introduce a modification of an alternative way to distinguish true innate D-amino acids from those artificially generated during hydrolysis incubation. When model peptides (L-Ala)(3), D-Ala-(L-Ala)(2) are hydrolyzed in deuterated hydrochloric acid (DCl), only newly generated D-amino acids are deuterated at the alpha-H-atom. Both innate D-amino acids and artificially generated ones are identified by the combination of high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry equipped with a chiral column. When a peptide containing D-Phe residues was analyzed by this method, the hydrolysis-induced conversion to L-Phe was similarly identified.
Astronomy and the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer satellite (1994)

The extreme ultraviolet wave band (100 to 912 angstroms) was thought until recently to be useless to astronomy, primarily because the opacity of the interstellar medium would prevent observations at these wavelengths. However, the interstellar medium has been found to be markedly inhomogeneous in both density and ionization state and the sun is fortunately located in a region of low extreme ultraviolet opacity. The Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer, launched in June 1992, has surveyed the sky in this wave band and has detected a wide variety of astronomical sources at considerable distances, including some extragalactic objects. Studies in the extreme ultraviolet band have already begun to increase our understanding of the contents of the universe.
Assessment of gene promoter hypermethylation for detection of cervical neoplasia (2006)

Current cervical cancer screening is based on morphological assessment of Pap smears and associated with significant false negative and false positive results. Previously, we have shown that detection of hypermethylated genes in cervical scrapings using quantitative methylation-specific PCR (QMSP) is a promising tool for identification of squamous cell cervical cancer. Aim of the present pilot-study was to evaluate presence of hypermethylated genes in cervical carcinogenesis, both in squamous cell as well as adenocarcinomas. Cervical scrapings were obtained from 30 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer (20 squamous cell carcinomas and 10 adenocarcinomas) and 19 women with histologically normal cervices. The scraped cells were used for determination of promoter hypermethylation by QMSP for 12 genes and for morphological assessment. Overall, CALCA, DAPK, ESR1, TIMP3, APC and RAR-beta2 promoters were significantly more often hypermethylated in cancers than in controls, while adenocarcinomas were more often hypermethylated above the highest control ratio for APC, TIMP3 and RASSF1A promoters. Combining 4 genes (CALCA, DAPK, ESR1 and APC) yielded a sensitivity of 89% (with all adenocarcinomas identified), equal to cytomorphology (89%) and high-risk human papilloma virus (Hr-HPV; 90%). The 4-gene QMSP proved theoretically superior to cytomorphology as well as Hr-HPV in specificity (100% vs. 83 and 68%, respectively), because cytology identified 3 controls as moderate or severe dyskaryosis and 6 controls were positive for Hr-HPV. In conclusions, QMSP of 4 gene promoters combined appears to have comparable sensitivity and potentially better specificity in comparison to "classic" cytomorphological assessment and Hr-HPV detection. QMSP holds promise as a new diagnostic tool for both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the cervix.
121 THE MARKET FOR VOLUNTARY CARBON OFFSETS: A NEW TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT? (2005)

"Can carbon markets provide a new source of funding for sustainable development activities in the South? The Kyoto Protocol???s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) was originally seen as the mechanism that would link carbon markets and sustainable development objectives in developing countries. Through the CDM, countries with greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction targets under Kyoto can buy emissions credits from carbon offset projects in developing countries, provided that those projects also contribute to the sustainable development priorities of their host countries. Unfortunately, the CDM has come under great criticism for not adequately delivering on these sustainable development benefits. The CDM tends to lead to low-cost, high-volume projects, such as HFC (hydro fluorocarbon) destruction or landfill-to-energy projects, which have few benefits for local livelihoods. Many small community-based projects are often not economically viable under the CDM because of high transaction costs and lengthy bureaucratic procedures. Furthermore, most projects are concentrated in larger economies, such as India and Brazil, and have virtually bypassed the least developed countries. However, parallel to the CDM market, a voluntary market for carbon offsets has emerged. The voluntary market consists of companies, governments, organisations, organisers of international events, and individuals, buying or selling carbon credits for reasons other than regulatory compliance."
Protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors prevent didemnin B‐induced apoptosis in HL‐60 cells (1996)

Didemnin B induces rapid apoptosis in human promyeloid HL-60 cells with an optimal concentration of 1 microM (Grubb et al. (1995) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commum. 215, 1130-1136), but little is known about how it does so. In order to determine whether protein tyrosine phosphorylation is involved in this rapid induction of apoptosis, HL-60 cells were pre-treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors for 1 h before didemnin B treatment. Genistein, 2,5-dihydroxycinnamic acid methyl ester, and a range of tyrphostins inhibit didemnin B-induced apoptotic morphology in a concentration-dependent manner. DNA fragmentation induced by didemnin B is also inhibited by genistein, 2,5-dihydroxycinnamic acid methyl ester, and tyrphostins.
Infrared Analysis of Amine Treated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Produced by Decomposition of CO (2003)

Single walled carbon nanotubes produced by gas‐phase decomposition of CO (HiPco process) were treated with nitric acid to generate carboxylic functions which were exploited for three different coupling approaches to functionalize the tubes with an amine to form an amide. Thin films of the reaction products were characterized with infrared spectroscopy.