gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CrowdTracker: Optimized Urban Moving Object Tracking Using Mobile Crowd Sensing (2017)

This paper proposes CrowdTracker, a novel object tracking system based on mobile crowd sensing (MCS). Different from traditional video-based object tracking approaches, CrowdTracker recruits people to collaboratively take photographs of the object to achieve object movement prediction and tracking. The optimization objective of CrowdTracker is to effectively track the moving object in real time and minimize the cost on user incentives. Specifically, the incentive is determined by the number of workers assigned and the total distance that workers move to complete the task. In order to achieve the objective, we propose the movement prediction (MPRE) model for object movement prediction and two other algorithms for task allocation, namely, T-centric and P-centric. T-centric selects workers in a task-centric way, while P-centric allocates tasks in a peoplecentric manner. By analyzing a large number of historical vehicle trajectories, MPRE builds a model to predict the object's next position. In the predicted regions, CrowdTracker selects workers by utilizing T-centric or P-centric. We evaluate the algorithms over a large-scale real-world dataset. Experimental results indicate that CrowdTracker can effectively track the object with a low incentive cost.
Tri-band antenna in package for single-chip WLAN/60GHz radio (2012)

A tri-band antenna in a package for single-chip WLAN/60GHz radio is proposed. It comprises a 60GHz grid array antenna and a dual-band monopole meander line antenna. It can be fabricated in LTCC. The size of the package is 15×15×0.67 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> .
Stabilizing selenium nanoparticles with chymotrypsin: The effect of pH and nanoparticle-enzyme concentration ratios on the stability of nanocomplexes (2013)

Conditions of the formation of soluble chymotrypsin complexes with selenium nanoparticles are studied. It is established that the aggregative stability of the nanocomplexes is determined by their conditions of preparation, depending also on the medium pH and ratio of selenium: chymotrypsin concentration. It is shown that chymotrypsin has a “protective” effect due to its hydrophobic adsorption on the surface of selenium nanoparticles and hence the hydrophilization of their surfaces due to ionized groups of the protein.
Identification of Maize Histone Deacetylase HD2 as an Acidic Nucleolar Phosphoprotein (1997)

The steady state of histone acetylation is established and maintained by multiple histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases, and this steady state affects chromatin structure and function. The identification of a maize complementary DNA encoding the chromatin-bound deacetylase HD2 is reported. This protein was not homologous to the yeast RPD3 transcriptional regulator. It was expressed throughout embryo germination in correlation with the proliferative activity of cells. Antibodies against recombinant HD2-p39 immunoprecipitated the native enzyme complex, which was composed of phosphorylated p39 subunits. Immunofluorescence microscopy and sequence homologies suggested nucleolar localization. HD2 is an acidic nucleolar phosphoprotein that might regulate ribosomal chromatin structure and function.
β-Galactosidase Fluorescence Probe with Improved Cellular Accumulation Based on a Spirocyclized Rhodol Scaffold (2011)

We identified a rhodol bearing a hydroxymethyl group (HMDER) as a suitable scaffold for designing fluorescence probes for various hydrolases. HMDER shows strong fluorescence at physiological pH, but phenolic O-alkylation of HMDER results in a strong preference for the spirocyclic form, which has weak fluorescence. As a proof of concept, we utilized this finding to develop a new fluorescence probe for β-galactosidase. This probe has favorable characteristics for imaging in biological samples: it has good cellular permeability, and its hydrolysis product is well-retained intracellularly. It could rapidly and clearly visualize β-galactosidase activity in cultured cells and in Drosophila melanogaster tissue, which has rarely been achieved with previously reported fluorescence probes.
Comprehensive investigation of tobacco leaves during natural early senescence via multi-platform metabolomics analyses (2016)

Senescence is the final stage of leaf growth and development. Many different physiological activities occur during this process. A comprehensive metabolomics analysis of tobacco middle leaves at 5 different developmental stages was implemented through multi-platform methods based on liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. In total, 412 metabolites were identified, including pigments, sterols, lipids, amino acids, polyamines, sugars and secondary metabolites. Dramatic metabolic changes were observed. Firstly, membrane degradation and chlorophyll down-regulation occurred after the 50% flower bud stage. Levels of major membrane lipids decreased, including those of the glycolipids in chloroplast thylakoids and phospholipids in membrane envelopes. Clear decreases in free sterols and acylated sterol glucosides were detected along with the accumulation of sterol esters. The accumulation of alkaloids was found. The amino acid levels were significantly decreased, particularly those of N-rich amino acids (glutamine and asparagine), thus reflecting N translocation. Subsequently, the antioxidant system was activated. Sugar alcohols and polyphenols accumulated when the lower leaves turned yellow. These results comprehensively revealed the metabolic changes that occur during tobacco leaf development and senescence under natural conditions.
<i>Gata4</i>and<i>Hnf1α</i>are partially required for the expression of specific intestinal genes during development (2007)

The terminal differentiation phases of intestinal development in mice occur during cytodifferentiation and the weaning transition. Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH), liver fatty acid binding protein (Fabp1), and sucrase-isomaltase (SI) are well-characterized markers of these transitions. With the use of gene inactivation models in mature mouse jejunum, we have previously shown that a member of the zinc finger transcription factor family (Gata4) and hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha (Hnf1alpha) are each indispensable for LPH and Fabp1 gene expression but are both dispensable for SI gene expression. In the present study, we used these models to test the hypothesis that Gata4 and Hnf1alpha regulate LPH, Fabp1, and SI gene expression during development, specifically focusing on cytodifferentiation and the weaning transition. Inactivation of Gata4 had no effect on LPH gene expression during either cytodifferentiation or suckling, whereas inactivation of Hnf1alpha resulted in a 50% reduction in LPH gene expression during these same time intervals. Inactivation of Gata4 or Hnf1alpha had a partial effect ( approximately 50% reduction) on Fabp1 gene expression during cytodifferentiation and suckling but no effect on SI gene expression at any time during development. Throughout the suckling period, we found a surprising and dramatic reduction in Gata4 and Hnf1alpha protein in the nuclei of absorptive enterocytes of the jejunum despite high levels of their mRNAs. Finally, we show that neither Gata4 nor Hnf1alpha mediates the glucocorticoid-induced precocious maturation of the intestine but rather are downstream targets of this process. Together, these data demonstrate that specific intestinal genes have differential requirements for Gata4 and Hnf1alpha that are dependent on the developmental time frame in which they are expressed.
Gentle dry etching of P(VDF-TrFE) multilayer micro actuator structures by use of an inductive coupled plasma (2007)

To fully utilize the actuator properties of poly(vinylidenefluoride) (P(VDF))-based polymers, the electric field has to be rather high and one way to accomplish this, in particular with low voltage drive signals, is to build multilayered structures. This paper focuses on how to structure poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene) P(VDF-TrFE) by presenting an etch method to create multilayered miniaturized actuators, with intermediate aluminium electrodes. To create inter-connect areas for the multilayer electrodes, a modified Bosch process in an inductive couple plasma (ICP) etcher is used to remove all P(VDF-TrFE) not covered by the electrodes. Since each electrode mask is slightly different from the others, the result is a staircase-like inter-electrode contact area that is connected from above using a conductive adhesive. The developed ICP etch results in high selective etching and a good agreement between theoretical and measured capacitance values. The manufactured cantilevers, consisting of a multilayer on top of a flexible printed circuit (FPC) board, were tested and the resonant stroke was confirmed to agree with expected values. The successful establishment of interlayer connections between the electrodes open up the possibility for batch fabrication of cheap low voltage micro actuators built on a standard substrate used in millions of commercial products.
Immunoregulatory CD8+ cells recognize antigen-activated CD4+ cells in myasthenia gravis patients and in healthy controls. (1995)

CD8+ cells inhibiting the response of CD4+ cells exist in rodents, recognizing epitopes unique to a CD4+ clone (Ids) or expressed by all activated CD4+ cell (ergotypes). Stimulation of CD8+ cells recognizing ergotypes shared by all Ag-activated CD4+ cells would be useful for treatment of diseases involving undesirable CD4+ responses to ill defined Ags, such as many autoimmune diseases and allergies. As a first step toward demonstrating the existence of anti-ergotype CD8+ immunoregulatory cells in humans, we investigated here whether CD8+ cells recognizing Ag-activated CD4+ cells exist in autoimmune and healthy humans. CD4+ cells specific for human muscle acetylcholine receptor, tetanus, or diphtheria toxoids were propagated from patients with myasthenia gravis patients and healthy controls. Ag-activated CD4+ cells were irradiated and used as Ag to test the response of CD(4+)-depleted CD(8+)-enriched PBMC (CD8+ PBMC) from myasthenic patients and controls and to propagate short-term CD8+ cell lines from CD8+ PBMC. In both patients and controls CD8+ PBMC and CD8+ lines responded vigorously to autologous Ag-activated CD4+ cells. The CD8+ lines responded equally well to the Ag-activated CD4+ cells of different Ag specificity, suggesting that they recognized CD4+ ergotypes. They did not seem to respond to CD4+ cells activated by PHA. The CD8+ cells recognized class I-restricted epitopes, as their response to activated CD4+ cells was suppressed by anti-class I Ab. CD8+ cells recognizing Ag-activated CD4+ were present cells in the controls for 5 to 12 wk after immunization. In myasthenic patients, CD8+ cells recognizing activated anti-acetylcholine receptor CD4+ cells seemed to be always present.
Effect of selective elimination of the oral flora on mucositis in irradiated head and neck cancer patients (1991)

Recently it has been reported that chlorhexidine 0.1% rinsing was not successful in eradication of gram-negative bacilli in patients who have head and neck cancer. These bacilli could play a role in irradiation mucositis. This study reports the effect of lozenges containing 2 mg polymyxin E, 1.8 mg tobramycin, and 10 mg amphotericin B qid on the oropharyngeal flora in 15 irradiated head and neck cancer patients. The results were compared with those of a previous study in two groups of 15 patients comparing chlorhexidine rinsing with placebo. In all patients using lozenges, eradication of gram-negative bacilli and yeasts was achieved within 3 weeks. A significant increase of enterococci was found. Mucositis was significantly reduced compared with the previous two groups. All patients showed erythema only, whereas 80% of both the placebo and chlorhexidine rinsing patients suffered from severe mucositis, with signs of pseudomembranes developing from the third week of conventional irradiation protocol. The effect of selective elimination of gram-negative bacilli from the oropharynx and the prevention of severe mucositis may be explained by the eradication of these bacteria and/or neutralization of salivary endotoxin, released by gram-negative bacilli, mediating the inflammatory processes.
Histopathology of α1–Antitrypsin Liver Disease in A Transgenic Mouse Model (1990)

Transgenic mice were constructed using human alpha 1-antitrypsin M and Z genomic clones. Livers of the M lineage mice showed slight cellular pleomorphism and immunohistochemically demonstrable finely granular alpha 1-antitrypsin material in hepatocytes. Z lineage mice with five gene copies per haploid mouse genome (Z#1) demonstrated fine granular alpha 1-antitrypsin material and a few large globules. In contrast, Z lineage mice with 12 gene copies per haploid mouse genome (Z#2) demonstrated hepatocytes filled with homogeneous, eosinophilic globules that were strongly reactive with diastase and periodic acid-Schiff and antibody to alpha 1-antitrypsin. Scattered microscopic polymorphonuclear leukocyte accumulations were seen that contained extracellular alpha 1-antitrypsin material, but there was neither histological nor serological evidence of mouse infectious hepatitis. In young animals, small clusters of hepatocytes lacking alpha 1-antitrypsin material were seen. These cells were the dominant population in older animals and formed nodular arrangements. Fibrosis was not demonstrable in neonatal and young animals or in any of the controls, but perisinusoidal fibrosis was seen in older Z#2 mice. Groups of hepatocytes without alpha 1-antitrypsin material showed dysplastic changes. We conclude that the transgenic mouse is a reliable and useful model in which to study the effects of alpha 1-antitrypsin in the liver because it demonstrates changes similar to those in the human disease.
General Synthetic Route toward Functional Hollow Spheres with Double‐Shelled Structures (2005)

Double agent: Controlled sulfonation of polystyrene hollow spheres gives hydrophilic layers with sulfonic acid groups that allow the formation of a wide variety of functional composites. In this way, double-shelled hollow spheres have been prepared in one step by using such sulfonated polystyrene hollow spheres as templates (see TEM image of titania sphere). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z501556_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Hemostatic Activation in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (2001)

The systemic activation of hemostatic systems in ICH patients seems to take place only when blood reaches the subarachnoid space. The intraparenchymal hematoma itself seems unlikely to activate hemostatic systems in peripheral blood, although the hematoma is expected to cause local activation of hemostatic systems.
Differentiation of a Ewing's Sarcoma Cell Line towards Neural and Mesenchymal Cell Lineages (1994)

Two different pathways of differentiation were investigated in Ewing's sarcoma (ES) cell line, designated CADO-ES1, which has been established in our laboratory. This cell line was induced to differentiate and display a neural phenotype when treated with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate or when cultured in serum-free medium (HB101). In these in vitro differentiation studies, two different phenotypes were demonstrated by light and electron microscopy. One phenotype, present in a major portion of the cell population, had long neurites in which microtubules were ultrastructurally demonstrated. The other one, present in a minor portion of the cell population, consisted of flat cells with many short processes. After differentiation in serum-free medium, tumorigenicity in nude mice or colony-forming efficiency in soft agar was strongly depressed. In the cells, N-myc, c-fos and c-src genes were not amplified, and although c-myc was amplified by up to 2-fold, depending on the culture conditions, this appeared to be unrelated to the changes of phenotype. When tumor cells were transplanted into nude mice, cartilage was formed. The cartilage was immunoreactive with the antibody for HLA-ABC, indicating that it was derived from the tumor cells, not from mouse tissue.
A defesa do mercado no Brasil: o pensamento apologético de Roberto Campos (1999)

As grandes teorias liberais têm algo em comum: pensar o mercado como uma teoria geral da sociedade e fornecer os atributos científicos que garantam sua supremacia frente a outras formas de organização da sociedade. Esta concepção do mercado como alternativa social aparece originariamente na história das idéias na solução de Adam Smith frente aos filósofos do contrato, assume uma forma lógico-demonstrativa em Walras e nos desdobramentos matemáticos contemporâneos do mainstream da teoria econômica, para se cristalizar nas aventuras darwinistas dos libertários da escola austríaca, em que a história realizaria o auto-desenvolvimento do mercado. O objetivo do artigo é recuperar as matrizes das teorias do mercado tratando criticamente o pensamento ultraliberal do economista Roberto Campos que, ao evocar suas referências hayekianas, as traduz numa defesa apologética do mercado como a única forma possível de organização da sociedade brasileira.
Methodological aspects of using immunohistochemical cell proliferation biomarkers in colorectal carcinoma chemoprevention. (1994)

In vitro uptake of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and expression of antigen Ki-67 as revealed by the MIB-1 antibody in fixed and embedded tissues have been regarded as markers of cell proliferation in colorectal tumor progression. Proliferation distribution abnormalities in high-risk mucosa have been illustrated in detail by BrdU labeling of cells in S phase, whereas PCNA and MIB-1 are less informative at this stage of carcinogenesis. The reliability of BrdU labeling is, in any event, dependent on optimization of its tissue uptake and diffusion. Neoplastic deregulation of the synthesis and expression of PCNA, coupled with striking variations in nuclear immunostaining intensity, imposes caution on its use as an intermediate biomarker in intestinal chemoprevention. Validation of MIB-1 must await the standardization of some of the critical procedures (e.g., treatment with microwaves) of antigen retrieval.
Motoneuron-Specific Expression of NR3B, a Novel NMDA-Type Glutamate Receptor Subunit That Works in a Dominant-Negative Manner (2001)

We have identified a novel glutamate receptor subunit on the human and mouse genome. Cloning of the mouse cDNA revealed a protein consisting of 1003 amino acids encoded by at least nine exons. This protein showed the highest similarity (51%) to the NR3A subunit of the NMDA receptor and therefore was termed NR3B. NR3B has a structure typical of glutamate receptor family members with a signal peptide and four membrane-associated regions. Amino acids forming a ligand-binding pocket are conserved. When coexpressed with NR1 and NR2A in heterologous cells, NR3B suppressed glutamate-induced current similarly to NR3A. Thus members of the NR3 class of NMDA receptors act as dominant-negative subunits in the NMDA receptor complex. NR3B shows very restricted expression in somatic motoneurons of the brainstem and spinal cord. Its expression in other types of motoneurons, including autonomic motoneurons in Onuf's nucleus and oculomotor neurons, is significantly weaker. Our results indicate that NR3B is important as a regulatory subunit that controls NMDA receptor transmission in motoneurons. It may be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases involving motoneurons as well.
Can we put concurrency back into redundant multithreading? (2014)

Software-implemented fault tolerance (SIFT) mechanisms allow to tolerate transient hardware faults in commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) systems without using specialized resilient hardware. Unfortunately, existing SIFT methods at both the compiler and the operating system levels are often restricted to single-threaded applications and hence do not apply to multithreaded software on modern multicore platforms.
Managing network security — The management of fear (1998)

Over the last few years, computing has changed to an almost purely networked environment, but the technical aspects of information protection have not kept up. As a result, the success of information security programmes has increasingly become a function of our ability to make prudent management decisions about organizational activities. This series of articles takes a management view of protection and seeks to reconcile the need for security with the limitations of technology.
International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and performance (2010)

Following critical evaluation of the available literature to date, The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) position regarding caffeine intake is as follows: 1. Supplementation with caffeine has been shown to acutely enhance various aspects of exercise performance in many but not all studies. Small to moderate benefits of caffeine use include, but are not limited to: muscular endurance, movement velocity and muscular strength, sprinting, jumping, and throwing performance, as well as a wide range of aerobic and anaerobic sport-specific actions. 2. Aerobic endurance appears to be the form of exercise with the most consistent moderate-to-large benefits from caffeine use, although the magnitude of its effects differs between individuals. 3. Caffeine has consistently been shown to improve exercise performance when consumed in doses of 3-6 mg/kg body mass. Minimal effective doses of caffeine currently remain unclear but they may be as low as 2 mg/kg body mass. Very high doses of caffeine (e.g. 9 mg/kg) are associated with a high incidence of side-effects and do not seem to be required to elicit an ergogenic effect. 4. The most commonly used timing of caffeine supplementation is 60 min pre-exercise. Optimal timing of caffeine ingestion likely depends on the source of caffeine. For example, as compared to caffeine capsules, caffeine chewing gums may require a shorter waiting time from consumption to the start of the exercise session. 5. Caffeine appears to improve physical performance in both trained and untrained individuals. 6. Inter-individual differences in sport and exercise performance as well as adverse effects on sleep or feelings of anxiety following caffeine ingestion may be attributed to genetic variation associated with caffeine metabolism, and physical and psychological response. Other factors such as habitual caffeine intake also may play a role in between-individual response variation. 7. Caffeine has been shown to be ergogenic for cognitive function, including attention and vigilance, in most individuals. 8. Caffeine may improve cognitive and physical performance in some individuals under conditions of sleep deprivation. 9. The use of caffeine in conjunction with endurance exercise in the heat and at altitude is well supported when dosages range from 3 to 6 mg/kg and 4-6 mg/kg, respectively. 10. Alternative sources of caffeine such as caffeinated chewing gum, mouth rinses, energy gels and chews have been shown to improve performance, primarily in aerobic exercise. 11. Energy drinks and pre-workout supplements containing caffeine have been demonstrated to enhance both anaerobic and aerobic performance.
PEG‐IFN‐α‐2b therapy in BCR‐ABL–negative myeloproliferative disorders (2007)

PEG-IFN-alpha-2b, with proper dose modifications, is effective in controlling disease in a significant proportion of BCR-ABL-negative MPD patients, particularly ET and PV. However, toxicities encountered with PEG-IFN-alpha-2b therapy are similar to those obtained with conventional IFN-alpha, thus limiting the duration of therapy.