gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Casein kinase II enhances the DNA binding activity of serum response factor. (1990)

Serum response factor (SRF) is a mammalian transcription factor that binds to the serum response element in the enhancer of the c-fos proto-oncogene and thus may mediate serum-induction of c-fos transcription. We report here that the DNA binding activity of recombinant SRF made in Escherichia coli can be greatly enhanced by incubation of the protein with HeLa cell nuclear extract. The enhancing activity is ATP or GTP dependent and cofractionates with a protein kinase that phosphorylates SRF on a specific tryptic peptide. Coincubation with phosphatase blocks the enhancing activity, further suggesting that the enhanced binding activity is due to phosphorylation. The specific tryptic phosphopeptide phosphorylated in vitro is also phosphorylated in vivo, demonstrating that this phosphorylation is physiologically important. We have localized the phosphorylation site by a small deletion mutant. Finally, we show that the kinase activity is provided by casein kinase II (CKII) or a close variant. The potential role of CKII as either a regulatory or constitutive modifier of SRF in vivo will be discussed.
A Wide frequency range circuit for measuring mutual capacitance with application to monitoring of metal fill profile (2008)

Lost foam casting (LFC) is one of the most important casting methods in the production of complex castings. The metal-fill profile plays an important role in the casting quality and hence monitoring that profile is important to quickly discover failures in the process. A monitoring process based on electrical capacitive tomography (ECT) is developed by the research team. In ECT an array of capacitance measuring circuits is used to measure the mutual capacitance between the electrodes mounted around a target area. This paper presents a new high resolution capacitance measuring circuit with wide bandwidth developed to measure the inter-electrode capacitance changes produced as the grounded molten metal progresses within the target area. The developed circuit minimizes the effect of the stray capacitance while increasing the range of frequencies at which the circuit can be operated. This is particularly important to allow multiple circuits to operate simultaneously at different frequencies within the same flask. An illustrative example for use of tomography to monitor metal fill is presented.
Pulsed measurement of high-reflectivity mirror phase retardances (1994)

The linear phase retardances of high-reflectivity mirrors are measured by use of the progressive modification of the polarization of a light pulse propagating in a passive Fabry-Perot cavity. This method permits determination of the linear phase retardance of a mirror with a precision of better than 0.05° and a sensitivity of better than 0.1° for any angle of incidence and any wavelength in the high-reflectivity domain of the mirror. This method also leads to a precise determination of the null-phase-retardance wavelength of the mirror.
Mosquitocidal activity of the CryIC delta-endotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai (1996)

The cloned 135-kDa CryIC delta-endotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis is a lepidopteran-active toxin, displaying high activity in vivo against Spodoptera litoralis and Spodoptera frugiperda larvae and in vitro against the S. frugiperda Sf9 cell line. Here, we report that the CryIC delta-endotoxin cloned from B. thuringienesis subsp. aizawai HD-229 and expressed in an acrystalliferous B. thuringiensis strain is also toxic to Aedes aegypti, Anophles gambiae, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae. Furthermore, when solubilized and proteolytically activated by insect gut extracts, CryIC is cytotoxic to cell lines derived from the first two of these dipteran insects. This activity was not observed for two other lepidopteran-active delta-endotoxins, CryIA(a) and CryIA(c). However, in contrast to the case with a lepidopteran and dipteran delta-endotoxin cloned from B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai IC1 (M.Z. Haider, B. H. Knowles, and D. J. Ellar, Eur. J. Biochem. 156:531-540, 1986), no differences in the in vitro specificity or processing of CryIC were found when it was activated by lepidopteran or dipteran gut extract. The recombinant CryIC delta-endotoxin expressed in Escherichia coli was also toxic to A. aegypti larvae. By contrast, a second cryIC gene cloned from B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai 7.29 (V. Sanchis, D. Lereclus, G. Menou, J. Chaufaux, S. Guo, and M. M. Lecadet, Mol. Microbiol. 3:229-238, 1989) was nontoxic. DNA sequencing showed that the two genes were identical. However, CryIC from B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai 7.29 had been cloned with a truncated C terminus, and when it was compared with the full-length CryIC delta-endotoxin, it was found to be insoluble under alkaline reducing conditions. These results show that CryIC from B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai is a dually active delta-endotoxin.
Aperiodic request scheduling in fixed-priority preemptive systems (1994)

In this report, we investigate the problem of scheduling aperiodic requests in systems where periodic tasks are scheduled on a fixed-priority, preemptive basis. First, we show that given any queueing discipline for the aperiodic requests, no scheduling algorithm can minimize the response time of every aperiodic request and guarantee that the deadlines of the periodic tasks are met when the periodic tasks are scheduled on fixed-priority, preemptive basis. We then develop two algorithms: Algorithm L is locally optimal in that it minimizes the response time of the aperiodic request at the head of the aperiodic service queue. Algorithm G is globally optimal in that it completes the current backlog of work in the aperiodic service queue as early as possible. Algorithm G also tries to reduce the average response time of the aperiodic requests.
Development of Extended Zero-Order Release Gliclazide Tablets by Central Composite Design (2008)

The purpose of this study was to develop an extended release tablet formulation containing gliclazide as a model drug by optimization technique. A central composite design was employed with pH-dependent matrix forming polymers like keltone®-HVCR (X1) and eudragit®-EPO (X2) as independent variables. Five dependent variables were considered: hardness, percent drug release after 1 hr, percent drug release after 6 hr, diffusion exponent and time required for 50% of drug release. Response surface methodology and multiple response optimization utilizing a quadratic polynomial equation were used to obtain an optimal formulation. The results indicate that Factor X1 along its interaction with Factor X2 was found to be significantly affecting the studied response variables. An optimized formulation, containing 8 mg of keltone®-HVCR and 14.10mg of eudragit®-EPO, provides a sufficient hardness (> 4.5 kg/cm2) and optimal release properties. The desirability function was used to optimize the response variables, each having a different target and the observed responses were highly agreed with experimental values. The release kinetics of gliclazide from optimized formulation followed zero-order release pattern. The dissolution profiles of optimized formulation before and after stability studies were evaluated by using similarity factor (f2) and were found to be similar. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the model in the development of extended release dosage form.
Kinetics of ordered growth of Si on Si(100) at low temperatures (1989)

The temperature of the crystalline-disorder transition observed in temperature ramp silicon films grown on (100) Si by molecular-beam epitaxy is found to depend strongly on the deposition rate. This observation can be modeled if growth by random nucleation of dimer strings, as suggested by Tsao et al., is assumed to be a thermally activated process which becomes frozen upon further deposition.
An Extended Propagation Ephemeris for GNSS (2006)

ABSTRACT: A Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) ephemeris is defined, providing satellite positions accurate to 7.7 and 48.7 meters, over 24 and 72 hours, respectively. An empirical model is created, based upon the Fourier analysis of one year of precision orbit data, using argument of latitude as the independent variable. This model was then fit to smaller batches of orbit data. Dominant frequencies in the residuals, using time as the independent variable, defined a second empirical model for corrections in an orbit-based reference frame. The ephemeris was tested using one month of data, fitting segments between 24 and 168 hours. Random error was then simulated, using standard deviations between 0.1 and 5 m, to study the sensitivity to orbit propagation accuracy. Propagation errors of 5 meters increased the 24-hour ephemeris error to 12.2 meters, but had an insignificant effect on the longer ephemerides.
The M-type stars (1987)

The papers in this volume cover the following topics: (1) basic properties and photometric variability of M and related stars; (2) spectroscopy and nonthermal processes; (3) circumstellar radio molecular lines; (4) circumstellar shells, the formation of grains, and radiation transfer; (5) mass loss; (6) circumstellar chemistry; (7) thermal atmospheric models; (8) quasi-thermal models; (9) observations on the atmospheres of M dwarfs; and (1) theoretical work on M dwarfs.
Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment: tumor-induced immunosuppressive factors paralyze T cells (2015)

It has become evident that tumor-induced immuno-suppressive factors in the tumor microenvironment play a major role in suppressing normal functions of effector T cells. These factors serve as hurdles that limit the therapeutic potential of cancer immunotherapies. This review focuses on illustrating the molecular mechanisms of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment, including evasion of T-cell recognition, interference with T-cell trafficking, metabolism, and functions, induction of resistance to T-cell killing, and apoptosis of T cells. A better understanding of these mechanisms may help in the development of strategies to enhance the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies.
Frequency-Domain Fluorescence Spectroscopy (2006)

In this chapter we described instrumentation, basic theory, and applications of first- (1-200 MHz) and second-generation (2 GHz) frequency-domain fluorometers. The frequency-domain data provide excellent resolution of time-dependent spectral parameters. It is possible to resolve closely spaced fluorescence lifetimes, even in the picosecond region, and to determine multiexponential decays of anisotropy. Correlation times as short as 10 ps have been measured. Several novel applications are described, including picosecond fluorescence of hemoglobin and enhanced resolution of anisotropy decays using combination quenching and multiwavelength global measurements and analysis, as well as unusual behavior of phase and modulation data for associated anisotropy decays.
A CNN based volumetric imaging method with single X-ray projection (2017)

The accurate volumetric imaging using breathing motion model and single X-ray projection has a significant meaning to the clinical treatment of moving tumors. However, it is of great difficulty to realize the real-time reconstruction of volumetric image with high accuracy. In this work, a volumetric imaging method from one X-ray projection utilizing convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. With the aid of principal component analysis (PCA)-based motion model, a CNN regression model with weighted object function is trained to estimate the volumetric image accurately. Due to the high parallelization of CNN, the computing efficiency of the proposed method is able to meet the real-time requirement of practical treatment (less than 0.05 seconds). A synthetic test using 4D Extended Cardiac-Torso (XCAT) Phantom is carried out which testify the effectiveness of our method.
Treatment of a Laboratory-Acquired Sabiá Virus Infection (1995)

Arenaviruses are a group of RNA viruses several of which have the potential to cause a deadly syndrome of hemorrhagic fever. In humans these viruses are usually transmitted by exposure to infected rodent excreta; occasional laboratory or nosocomial infections have been reported.1 Sabia virus is an arenavirus that was first isolated in Sao Paulo, Brazil, in 1990 from an agricultural engineer who presented with a hemorrhagic fever syndrome and ultimately died. Necrosis of the liver was found at autopsy. The virus was subsequently characterized as a new member of the Tacaribe complex of the family Arenaviridae.2 A laboratory technician in . . .
A Bridged Diagnostic Method for the Monitoring of Polymorphic Discrete-Event Systems (2004)

Diagnosis of discrete-event systems (DESs) is a challenging problem that has been tackled both by automatic control and artificial intelligence communities. The relevant approaches share similarities, including modeling by automata, compositional modeling, and model-based reasoning. This paper aims to bridge two complementary approaches from these communities, namely, the diagnoser approach and the active system approach, respectively. The more significant shortcomings of such approaches are, on the one side, the need for the generation of the global system model and, on the other, the lack of monitoring capabilities. The former makes the application of the diagnoser approach prohibitive in real contexts, where the system model is too large to be generated, even offline. The latter requires the completion of the system observation before starting the diagnostic task, thereby, making the monitoring of the system. impossible. The bridged diagnostic method subsumes, to a large extent on the peculiarities of the two approaches and is capable of coping with an extended class of DESs that integrate both synchronous and asynchronous behavior. The bridge is built by extending the active system approach by means of several enhanced techniques, which eventually, allow the efficient monitoring of polymorphic DESs. Upon the occurrence of each system message, two pieces of diagnostic information are generated, namely, the snapshot and historic diagnostic sets. While the former accounts for the faults pertinent to the newly generated message only, the latter is based on the whole sequence of messages yielded by the system during operation.
HAPPY mapping of a YAC reveals alternative haplotypes in the human immunoglobulin V<sub>H</sub>locus (1993)

We have identified and sequenced 14 human immunoglobulin VH segments cloned in a yeast artificial chromosome, and have used a rapid PCR-based technique (HAPPY mapping, 12) to derive the order and approximate distances between them. The sequences mapped comprise thirteen germline VH segments and one rearranged VH3 gene. Comparison of our map with other data suggests the existence of at least two distinct haplotypes, differing in the presence or absence of the consecutive genes DP-78, DP-46 and DP-64, and in the duplication of segments DP-49 and DP-65. Screening of ten individuals confirms the existence of both haplotypes, and indicates that both are common amongst the population.
Minor burns and hand burns: comparing treatment methods. (1997)

As nurse-led wound management increases, nurses need to maintain research-based practice. Water vapour-permeable fabrics cause less accumulation of fluid than polythene when used in minor burns. Honey has been used in wound cleansing for many years.
Preclinical Antitumor Activity of a Novel Anti–c-KIT Antibody–Drug Conjugate against Mutant and Wild-type c-KIT–Positive Solid Tumors (2018)

<b>Purpose:</b> c-KIT overexpression is well recognized in cancers such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Treatment with the small-molecule inhibitors imatinib, sunitinib, and regorafenib resulted in resistance (c-KIT mutant tumors) or limited activity (c-KIT wild-type tumors). We selected an anti-c-KIT ADC approach to evaluate the anticancer activity in multiple disease models.<b>Experimental Design:</b> A humanized anti-c-KIT antibody LMJ729 was conjugated to the microtubule destabilizing maytansinoid, DM1, via a noncleavable linker (SMCC). The activity of the resulting ADC, LOP628, was evaluated <i>in vitro</i> against GIST, SCLC, and AML models and <i>in vivo</i> against GIST and SCLC models.<b>Results:</b> LOP628 exhibited potent antiproliferative activity on c-KIT-positive cell lines, whereas LMJ729 displayed little to no effect. At exposures predicted to be clinically achievable, LOP628 demonstrated single administration regressions or stasis in GIST and SCLC xenograft models in mice. LOP628 also displayed superior efficacy in an imatinib-resistant GIST model. Further, LOP628 was well tolerated in monkeys with an adequate therapeutic index several fold above efficacious exposures. Safety findings were consistent with the pharmacodynamic effect of neutropenia due to c-KIT-directed targeting. Additional toxicities were considered off-target and were consistent with DM1, such as effects in the liver and hematopoietic/lymphatic system.<b>Conclusions:</b> The preclinical findings suggest that the c-KIT-directed ADC may be a promising therapeutic for the treatment of mutant and wild-type c-KIT-positive cancers and supported the clinical evaluation of LOP628 in GIST, AML, and SCLC patients. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 24(17); 4297-308. ©2018 AACR</i>.
Kinetics and Chemistry of Hydrolysis of Ultrathin, Thermally Grown Layers of Silicon Oxide as Biofluid Barriers in Flexible Electronic Systems (2017)

Flexible electronic systems for bioimplants that offer long-term (multidecade) stability and safety in operation require thin, biocompatible layers that can prevent biofluid penetration. Recent work shows that ultrathin films of silicon dioxide thermally grown (TG-SiO<sub>2</sub>) on device-grade silicon wafers and then released as transferrable barriers offer a remarkable set of attributes in this context. This paper examines the chemical stability of these materials in aqueous solutions with different combinations of chemistries that are present in biofluids. Systematic measurements reveal the dependence of the dissolution rate of TG-SiO<sub>2</sub> on concentrations of cations (Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>) and anions (Cl<sup>-</sup>, HPO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>) at near-neutral pH. Certain results are consistent with previous studies on bulk samples of quartz and nanoparticles of amorphous silica; others reveal significant catalyzing effects associated with divalent cations at high pH and with specific anions at high ionic strength. In particular, Ca<sup>2+</sup> and HPO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> greatly enhance and silicic acid greatly reduces the rates. These findings establish foundational data of relevance to predicting lifetimes of implantable devices that use TG-SiO<sub>2</sub> as biofluid barriers, and of other classes of systems, such as environmental monitors, where encapsulation against water penetration is important.
Storage-class memory needs flexible interfaces (2013)

With low-latency storage-class memory, software can be a major contributor to access latency. To minimize latency, a file system architecture has to provide flexibility in customizing the file system interface and semantics to application needs so as to cut down generic overheads. We have taken initial steps towards realizing such a design and present preliminary results.
Imaging spectrometer fundamentals for researchers in the biosciences—A tutorial (2006)

Over the last 2 years there has been a dramatic increase in the number of bioscience laboratories using wavelength dispersive spectroscopy to study in vivo, in situ fluorescence. Transforming spectral information into an image provides a graphic means of mapping localized ionic, molecular, and protein-protein interactions. Spectroscopy also enables fluorophores with overlapping spectral features to be delineation. In this study, we provide the tools that a researcher needs to put into perspective instrumental contributions to a reported spectrum in order to gain greater understanding of the natural emission of the sample. We also show how to deduce the basic capabilities of a spectral confocal system. Finally, we show how to determine the true spectral bandwidth of an object, the illuminated area of a laser-excited object, and what is needed to optimize light throughput.
Application of fuzzy logic controller in the seam tracking of arc-welding robot (2002)

A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) used for the seam tracking of an arc welding robot is presented in this paper. The paper discusses the issues of the fuzzy logic which are pertinent to the design and implementation of an intelligent seam tracking controller. This controller is designed to operate in the uncertain environment of weld seam tracking. The characteristics of the proposed fuzzy controller combined with an integrator have provided for the salient feature of robot joint position control under uncertain disturbances. It enables an arc welding robot to track the weld seam accurately. The effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy algorithms is demonstrated by computer simulation. Compared with a conventional PID controller, the fuzzy controller yields conspicuously improved performance.
Further Experiments With Suction at a Sudden Enlargement in a Pipe (1970)

Previously reported experiments on incompressible flow through a step expansion in a pipe, as influenced by suction at the smaller diameter of the step, have been extended to examine effects of inlet flow on suction requirements and performance of the device as a (short) diffuser. Here the performance for a fully developed turbulent pipe flow is considered and compared to previous results for an inlet flow with thin boundary layer. Whenever overall diffuser length is restricted to values less than some upper limit for a given expansion ratio, then for either inlet flow condition, the present device is shown to produce higher pressure recoveries (adjusted for suction power) than conical diffusers.