gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of leakage current in buried heterostructure lasers with semiinsulating blocking layers (1989)

An effective device structure for reducing leakage current in buried heterostructure laser diodes with semi-insulating InP blocking layers is analyzed. The analysis utilizes a semiconductor device simulator in which deep trap levels are taken into account. It predicts that the addition of a thin wide-bandgap InGaP layer in the semi-insulating region at the mesa boundaries as a barrier to prevent double injection into the semi-insulating region is effective in reducing leakage current.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An algorithm to estimate mean traffic speed using uncalibrated cameras (2000)

We present a novel approach to estimate traffic speed using a sequence of images from an uncalibrated camera. We assert that exact calibration is not necessary to estimate speed. Instead, we use: 1) geometric relationships inherently available in the image, 2) some common-sense assumptions that reduce the problem to a one-dimensional geometry, 3) frame differencing to isolate moving edges and track vehicles between frames, and 4) parameters from the distribution of vehicle lengths to estimate speed.
"Nobody comes here anymore, it's too crowded"; Predicting Image Popularity on Flickr (2014)

Predicting popular content is a challenging problem for social media websites in order to encourage user interactions and activity. Existing works in this area, including the recommendation approach used by Flickr (called "interestingness"), consider only click through data, tags, comments and explicit user feedback in this computation. On image sharing websites, however, many images are annotated with no tags and initially, an image has no interaction data. In this case, these existing approaches fail due to lack of evidence. In this paper, we therefore focus on image popularity prediction in a cold start scenario (i.e. where there exist no, or limited, textual/interaction data), by considering an image's context, visual appearance and user context. Specifically, we predict the number of comments and views an image has based on a number of new features for this propose. Experimenting on the MIR-Flickr 1M collection, we are able to overcome the problems associated with popularity prediction in a cold start, achieving accuracy of up to 76%.
Preparation and Photoelectrochemical Characterization of ZnSiAs<sub>2</sub> Crystals (1997)

ZnSiAs2 (chalcopyrite structure) single crystals were grown by chemical vapor transport (CVT). Hall effect and photoelectrochemical techniques were used to characterize the properties of the p-type materials. Doping level, mobility, and resistivity were determined and compared with literature values for crystals obtained from other growth techniques. Photocurrent spectroscopy was used to measure the bandgap and transition types in the crystals. The interfacial energetics were measured with capacitance techniques (Mott−Schottky). The effect of various wet chemical etchants on the photocurrent voltage curves and quantum yields for carrier collection was also investigated.
ENZYMATIC PROPERTIES OF THE INNER AND OUTER MEMBRANES OF RAT LIVER MITOCHONDRIA (1968)

Treatment of rat liver mitochondria with digitonin followed by differential centrifugation was used to resolve the intramitochondrial localization of both soluble and particulate enzymes. Rat liver mitochondria were separated into three fractions: inner membrane plus matrix, outer membrane, and a soluble fraction containing enzymes localized between the membranes plus some solublized outer membrane. Monoamine oxidase, kynurenine hydroxylase, and rotenone-insensitive NADH-cytochrome c reductase were found primarily in the outer membrane fraction. Succinate-cytochrome c reductase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase, beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, lipoamide dehydrogenase, NAD- and NADH-isocitrate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and ornithine transcarbamoylase were found in the inner membrane-matrix fraction. Nucleoside diphosphokinase was found in both the outer membrane and soluble fractions; this suggests a dual localization. Adenylate kinase was found entirely in the soluble fraction and was released at a lower digitonin concentration than was the outer membrane; this suggests that this enzyme is localized between the two membranes. The inner membrane-matrix fraction was separated into inner membrane and matrix by treatment with the nonionic detergent Lubrol, and this separation was used as a basis for calculating the relative protein content of the mitochondrial components. The inner membrane-matrix fraction retained a high degree of morphological and biochemical integrity and exhibited a high respiratory rate and respiratory control when assayed in a sucrose-mannitol medium containing EDTA.
Eklatante Fehleinschätzung (2008)

Bei allen Anschaffungen sollte die Frage geklärt sein, ob sie wirklich vonnöten sind. Das ist im Klinikalltag nicht anders als im normalen Leben. Ein besonders hoher Diskussionsbedarf entsteht meist über Anschaffungen im IT-Bereich, von denen viele annehmen, dass diese nicht Teil der Lösung, sondern Teil des Problems sind. Neue Studien zeigen: Sie sind Teil der Lösung.
The weighted Support Vector Machines for the stock turning point prediction (2014)

This research treats the stock turning point prediction as the imbalanced data classification problems and proposes the evolving weighted support vector machines (EW-SVM) system that leads to superior predictions upon the direction-of-change of the market. However, many parameters of the w-SVM model have to be decided by the user beforehand. Therefore, the EW-SVM system combining both w-SVM with GA is applied to forecast stock turning points. In the experimental results, the EW-SVM system is used to predict stock turning points and is compared to other prediction models including the SVM, DT, NB and k-NN models. These experimental results show that our EW-SVM system has the better performance among all the different approaches.
The facile oxidation of phenacyl bromides with N,N-dialkylhydroxylamines (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe facile oxidation of phenacyl bromides with N,N-dialkylhydroxylaminesValerie E. Gunn and Anselme Jean P.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 4, 754–755Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00424a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00424a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views210Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Economics of software vulnerability disclosure (2005)

Information security breaches frequently exploit software flaws or vulnerabilities, causing significant economic losses. Considerable debate exists about how to disclose such vulnerabilities. A coherent theoretical framework helps identify the key data elements needed to develop a sensible way of handling vulnerability disclosure
Generation of Broadly Tunable Subpicosecond Light Pulses from a Synchronously and Passively Mode-Locked CW Dye Laser (1980)

Transform-limited pulses with a minimum width as short as 0.30 ps have been obtained from a synchronously pumped rhodamine 6G dye laser with a dye solution of mixed gain and saturable absorber (DODCI) media. Stable subpicosecond pulses (0.30–0.85 ps) were generated in a wide tuning range of 574–611 nm using a broad-band wedged-etalon tuning element. With the frequency tuning element inside the cavity, the cavity-length detuning range to maintain perfect mode-locking was ±10 µm which is less critical than for synchronous mode-locking alone, and the range extended to ±1.5 mm without the frequency tuning element.
Recent Developments in Synthesis and Applications of Triptycene and Pentiptycene Derivatives (2011)

Abstract Iptycenes are a class of aromatic compounds with arene units fused to the [2.2.2]bicyclooctatriene bridgehead system. As a result of their unique structures, more and more iptycenes, especially triptycene and pentiptycene derivatives, have been efficiently synthesized. These compounds have wide applications in many research areas, including molecular machines, molecular balances, catalysis, materials chemistry, molecular assembly, host–guest chemistry, and so on. This microreview mainly describes the developments in the synthesis and applications of triptycene and pentiptycene derivatives during the last ten years. Particular attention is paid to the synthesis and applications of hosts derived from triptycene and pentiptycene systems in recent years.
A Set of Loop-1 and -3 Structures in the Novel Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Family Member, VEGF-ENZ-7, Is Essential for the Activation of VEGFR-2 Signaling (2003)

The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family plays important roles in angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Novel members of the VEGF family encoded in the Orf virus genome, VEGF-E, function as potent angiogenic factors by specifically binding and activating VEGFR-2 (KDR). VEGF-E is about 45% homologous to VEGF-A at amino acid levels, however, the amino acid residues in VEGF-A crucial for the VEGFR-2-binding are not conserved in VEGF-E. To understand the molecular basis of the biological activity of VEGF-E, we have functionally mapped residues important for interaction of VEGF-E with VEGFR-2 by exchanging the domains between VEGF-E(NZ-7) and PlGF, which binds only to VEGFR-1 (Flt-1). Exchange on the amino- and carboxyl-terminal regions had no suppressive effect on biological activity. However, exchange on either the loop-1 or -3 region of VEGF-E(NZ-7) significantly reduced activities. On the other hand, introduction of the loop-1 and -3 of VEGF-E(NZ-7) to placenta growth factor rescued the biological activities. The chimera between VEGF-A and VEGF-E(NZ-7) gave essentially the same results. These findings strongly suggest that a common rule exists for VEGFR-2 ligands (VEGF-E(NZ-7) and VEGF-A) that they build up the binding structure for VEGFR-2 through the appropriate interaction between loop-1 and -3 regions.
Avidin–Biotin Technology: Preparation of Biotinylated Probes (2003)

During the past decade, the avidin-biotin complex has become a useful and versatile tool for application in a variety of biological disciplines (1-3). One of the major applications is in immunology and related areas (4).
High-Performance Direct Pairwise Comparison of Large Genomic Sequences (2005)

Many applications in comparative genomics lend themselves to implementations that take advantage of common high-performance features in modern microprocessors. However, the common suggestion that a data-parallel, multithreaded, or high-throughput implementation is possible often ignores the complexity of actually creating such software. In this paper, we present a data-parallel algorithm for a classic comparative genomics algorithm, the dot plot, along with a multiprocessor extension. For large genomic comparisons, these new algorithms achieve speedups of up to 14.4x over the sequential version. This speedup introduces the opportunity of performing full pairwise comparisons on entire genomes on a much larger scale than previously possible. We also present the experimental, model-driven approach used to develop the algorithm that allowed us to carefully study and evaluate implementation options and fully understand the parameters affecting its performance.
Carbon‐Centered Radical Addition and β‐Scission Reactions: Modeling of Activation Energies and Pre‐exponential Factors (2008)

A consistent set of group additive values DeltaGAV degrees for 46 groups is derived, allowing the calculation of rate coefficients for hydrocarbon radical additions and beta-scission reactions. A database of 51 rate coefficients based on CBS-QB3 calculations with corrections for hindered internal rotation was used as training set. The results of this computational method agree well with experimentally observed rate coefficients with a mean factor of deviation of 3, as benchmarked on a set of nine reactions. The temperature dependence on the resulting DeltaGAV degrees s in the broad range of 300-1300 K is limited to +/-4.5 kJ mol(-1) on activation energies and to +/-0.4 on logA (A: pre-exponential factor) for 90 % of the groups. Validation of the DeltaGAV degrees s was performed for a test set of 13 reactions. In the absence of severe steric hindrance and resonance effects in the transition state, the rate coefficients predicted by group additivity are within a factor of 3 of the CBS-QB3 ab initio rate coefficients for more than 90 % of the reactions in the test set. It can thus be expected that in most cases the GA method performs even better than standard DFT calculations for which a deviation factor of 10 is generally considered to be acceptable.
Adaptive NN control of a class second-order non-linear systems with unknown dead zones (2010)

In this paper, non-smooth control method is derived using RBF neural networks in order to stabilise unknown non-linear systems with unknown dead zone. Compared to previous compensation schemes, simultaneous online estimations of unknown non-linear functions are taken as done with dead zone compensation. Stabilisation result is derived based on quadric Lyapunov function. The simulation shows that the proposed method is effective.
Lightning Risk Assessment System Design and Development in Petrochemical Control Lab (2010)

This paper introduces lightning risk assessment model, its software structure, its processand its function. All of these make the evaluation more scientific, rapidly and corrective.
S-nitroso-n-acetylcysteine protects skeletal muscle against reperfusion injury (1998)

The effects of a nitric oxide (NO) donor on microcirculation and contractile function of reperfused skeletal muscle were studied. Rat cremaster muscles underwent 5 hours of ischemia and 90 minutes of reperfusion and were divided into two groups systemically infused with S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine (SNAC, 100 nmol/min) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), respectively. The results showed that the vessels in the SNAC group had more rapid and complete recovery than that in controls. A significant difference was found from 10 to 40 minutes and at 90 minutes in 10-20-microm arterioles, from 10 to 90 minutes in 20-40-microm arterioles, and at 10 and 90 minutes in 40-70-microm arteries. When compared to controls, SNAC-treated muscles showed larger fluorescein filling areas at 15, 30, 60, and 90 minutes and greater isometric tetanic contractile forces in response to stimulation frequencies of 40, 70, 100, and 120 Hz. The data indicate that supplementation of exogenous NO could effectively improve microcirculation and contractile function of skeletal muscle during early reperfusion.
Protein(s) from the Gram-Positive Bacterium <i>Clavibacter michiganensis</i> subsp. <i>michiganensis</i> Induces a Hypersensitive Response in Plants (1998)

ABSTRACT The gram-positive tomato pathogen Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis induced a local necrotic response on four-o'clock (Mirabilis jalapa) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants. This necrosis response was characteristic of the hypersensitive response (HR). The cell-free culture supernatant from strain CMM623 also induced a necrosis that was phenotypically similar to that induced by the bacteria. Inhibitors of plant metabolism suppressed the necrotic reaction of both M. jalapa and tobacco. The HR-inducing activity present in the supernatant was heat stable, sensitive to proteases, and had an apparent molecular mass in the range of 35 to 50 kDa as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The properties observed for the necrosis-inducing activity resembled harpin and PopA described from gram-negative phytopathogenic bacteria.
Negative Temperature Coefficient Resistance (NTCR) Ceramic Thermistors: An Industrial Perspective (2009)

Monitoring and control of temperature is of paramount importance in every part of our daily life. Temperature sensors are ubiquitous not only in domestic and industrial activities but also in laboratory and medical procedures. An assortment of temperature sensors is commercially available for such purposes. They range from metallic thermocouples to resistive temperature detectors and semiconductive ceramics, showing a negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR). NTCR ceramic sensors occupy a respected market position, because they afford the best sensitivity and accuracy at the lowest price. Despite the enormous commercial success of NTCR thermistors, this area of advanced functional ceramics has not been recently reviewed. Nearly 100 years elapsed between the first report of NTCR behavior and the fabrication of NTCR devices. The manufacture of the first NTCR ceramic thermistors was problematic, as often the devices suffered from poor stability and nonreproducibility. Before NTCR ceramics could be seriously considered for mass production of thermistors, it was necessary to devote a large amount of R&D effort to study the nature of their semiconductivity and understand the influence of impurities/dopants and heat treatments on their electrical characteristics, particularly in their time dependence resistivity (aging). Simultaneously, from a technological viewpoint it was important to develop methods enabling reliable and permanent electrical contacts, and design suitable housing for ceramics, in order to preserve their electrical properties under conditions of variable oxygen partial pressure and humidity. These topics are reviewed in this article from an industrial perspective. Examples of common applications of NTCR thermistors and future challenges are also outlined.
Clinical management guidelines of pediatric septic shock (2005)

Septic shock in children is the prototype combination of hypovolemia,cardiogenic and distributive shock.
Riverbank Cultivation in the Lower Omo Valley (1988)

The Karo, one of Omotic language groups, inhabit a central part of the Lower Omo Valley, Southwestern Ethiopia. Although they were originally pastoral people, they live now along the Omo River as cultivators. Riverbank Cultivation, which is their indigenous and principal subsistence activity, takes advantage of the riverine environment and is adapted to the semiarid area. This paper intends to describe the cultural practices of the riverbank cultivation and characterize it from the technical and management point of view.During the dry season, they make use of the slopes of riverbanks as their main field which are inundated at the rains. The difference of the water level between two seasons is at least 15m. This natural irrigation brings high productivity and permanent farming system by the abundance of undergroundwater and neutralization of salinity in the rains, together with technical options adaptive to semi-arid climate, such as non-cultivation before seeding, high concentrated planting, and some garden types related to the water level.Intensive character of Karo agriculture caused by temporal and spatial restrictive factors plays two important roles on their economic life. One is that it makes possible the multiple subsistence system in this harsh area. The other is that the barter trade of sorghum with livestock establishes the peaceful relationships with their warlike neighbours and keeps their identity as “nomads”.In such a context, through comprative studies of riverines societies, I intend to suggest the possibilities of hydraulic farming systems in arid and semi-arid Africa.
Hyperoxia causes miR-34a-mediated injury via angiopoietin-1 in neonatal lungs (2017)

Hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (HALI) is a key contributor to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in neonates, for which no specific preventive or therapeutic agent is available. Here we show that lung micro-RNA (miR)-34a levels are significantly increased in lungs of neonatal mice exposed to hyperoxia. Deletion or inhibition of miR-34a improves the pulmonary phenotype and BPD-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in BPD mouse models, which, conversely, is worsened by miR-34a overexpression. Administration of angiopoietin-1, which is one of the downstream targets of miR34a, is able to ameliorate the BPD pulmonary and PAH phenotypes. Using three independent cohorts of human samples, we show that miR-34a expression is increased in type 2 alveolar epithelial cells in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome and BPD. Our data suggest that pharmacologic miR-34a inhibition may be a therapeutic option to prevent or ameliorate HALI/BPD in neonates.
Advances in two-dimensional quantitative coronary angiographic assessment of bifurcation lesions: improved small lumen diameter detection and automatic reference vessel diameter derivation (2012)

MLD quantification is improved for true MLD <0.7 mm, resulting in highly accurate and precise diameter measurements over the entire range of phantom diameters. Automatic reference obstruction analysis provides highly accurate, precise and reproducible RVD and DS measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Low‐Temperature Route to Known (MnS and FeS2) and New (CrS3, MoS4, and WS5) Transition‐Metal Sulfides. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Taxonomy and Evaluation of Structured Compression of Convolutional Neural Networks (2019)

The success of deep neural networks in many real-world applications is leading to new challenges in building more efficient architectures. One effective way of making networks more efficient is neural network compression. We provide an overview of existing neural network compression methods that can be used to make neural networks more efficient by changing the architecture of the network. First, we introduce a new way to categorize all published compression methods, based on the amount of data and compute needed to make the methods work in practice. These are three 'levels of compression solutions'. Second, we provide a taxonomy of tensor factorization based and probabilistic compression methods. Finally, we perform an extensive evaluation of different compression techniques from the literature for models trained on ImageNet. We show that SVD and probabilistic compression or pruning methods are complementary and give the best results of all the considered methods. We also provide practical ways to combine them.