gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hysteretic metal–ferroelectric– semiconductor capacitors based on PZT/ZnO heterostructures (2007)

Interfacing of ferroelectric and semiconductor materials provides a means of coupling unique properties associated with ferroelectric materials to high performance semiconductor devices. In this work we report the electronic properties of ferroelectric/ZnO heterostructures, where (Pb,Zr)TiO3 (PZT) is used as a prototypical ferroelectric oxide. Metal–PZT–metal structures demonstrate ferroelectric hysteresis with remanent polarization of 28 µC cm−2 and coercive field of 75 kV cm−1 for a loop of 15 V. The metal–PZT–ZnO capacitor structures demonstrate a characteristic metal–insulator–semiconductor capacitance–voltage (C–V) behaviour with a hysteretic memory window of approximately 4 V. The heterostructure C–V characteristics do not change significantly with varying frequency. Metal–PZT–ZnO capacitors are also used as part of a simple RLC circuit to demonstrate the ability to shift resonant frequency of the circuit with switching ferroelectric polarization.
Crystal structure of a side-on superoxo complex of cobalt and hydrogen abstraction by a reactive terminal oxo ligand (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal structure of a side-on superoxo complex of cobalt and hydrogen abstraction by a reactive terminal oxo ligandJames W. Egan Jr., Brian S. Haggerty, Arnold L. Rheingold, Shawn C. Sendlinger, and Klaus H. TheopoldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 6, 2445–2446Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00162a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00162a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2077Altmetric-Citations150LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Production of FAME biodiesel in E. coli by direct methylation with an insect enzyme (2016)

Most biodiesel currently in use consists of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) produced by transesterification of plant oils with methanol. To reduce competition with food supplies, it would be desirable to directly produce biodiesel in microorganisms. To date, the most effective pathway for the production of biodiesel in bacteria yields fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) at up to ~1.5 g/L. A much simpler route to biodiesel produces FAMEs by direct S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) dependent methylation of free fatty acids, but FAME production by this route has been limited to only ~16 mg/L. Here we employ an alternative, broad spectrum methyltransferase, Drosophila melanogaster Juvenile Hormone Acid O-Methyltransferase (DmJHAMT). By introducing DmJHAMT in E. coli engineered to produce medium chain fatty acids and overproduce SAM, we obtain medium chain FAMEs at titers of 0.56 g/L, a 35-fold increase over titers previously achieved. Although considerable improvements will be needed for viable bacterial production of FAMEs and FAEEs for biofuels, it may be easier to optimize and transport the FAME production pathway to other microorganisms because it involves fewer enzymes.
Protein engineering aspartic proteinases. Site-directed mutagenesis, biochemical characterisation, and X-ray analysis of chymosins with substituted single amino acid substitutions and loop replacements. (1998)

Aspartic proteinases (I) are presently used in commercial milk, soya and cocoa processing, but there may be other applications in the longer term for designed biocataIysts for the food industry if the thermal stability, pH dependence, size and specificity can be engineered. With this objective in mind we have carried out protein engineering programmes to understand the roles of both individual amino acids and those of loops in aspartic proteinases. We have used chymosin as our model system. The aspartic proteinases are an excellent choice for a protein engineering study as they have been well characterised in terms of three-dimensional structure, catalytic activity and specificity. They are of particular interest as they have evolved to carry out a wide range of functions at different pHs and with different specificities in fungi, plants and animals. Recombinant chymosin is used commercially for cheese processing. It has already been the subject of site-directed mutagenesis (2,3). Here we describe the design, expres-
Quantum Dots for Labeling Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells (2009)

Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) have a self-renewing ability and can be induced to differentiate into various types of mesenchymal tissue. Because of their potential for clinical application, it has become desirable to label the cells for tracing transplanted cells and for in vivo imaging. Quantum dots (QDs) are novel inorganic probes that consist of CdSe/ZnS-core/shell semiconductor nanocrystals and have recently been explored as fluorescent probes for stem cell labeling. In this study, negatively charged QDs655 were applied for ASCs labeling, with the cationic liposome, Lipofectamine. The cytotoxicity of QDs655-Lipofectamine was assessed for ASCs. Although some cytotoxicity was observed in ASCs transfected with more than 2.0 nM of QDs655, none was observed with less than 0.8 nM. To evaluate the time dependency, the fluorescent intensity with QDs655 was observed until 24 h after transfection. The fluorescent intensity gradually increased until 2 h at the concentrations of 0.2 and 0.4 nM, while the intensity increased until 4 h at 0.8 nM. The ASCs were differentiated into both adipogenic and osteogenic cells with red fluorescence after transfection with QDs655, thus suggesting that the cells retain their potential for differentiation even after transfected with QDs655. These data suggest that QDs could be utilized for the labeling of ASCs.
Chemotherapy Alters Monocyte Differentiation to Favor Generation of Cancer-Supporting M2 Macrophages in the Tumor Microenvironment (2013)

Current therapy of gynecologic malignancies consists of platinum-containing chemotherapy. Resistance to therapy is associated with increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)), 2 inflammatory mediators known to skew differentiation of monocytes to tumor-promoting M2 macrophages. We investigated the impact of cisplatin and carboplatin on 10 different cervical and ovarian cancer cell lines as well as on the ability of the tumor cells to affect the differentiation and function of cocultured monocytes in vitro. Treatment with cisplatin or carboplatin increased the potency of tumor cell lines to induce IL-10-producing M2 macrophages, which displayed increased levels of activated STAT3 due to tumor-produced IL-6 as well as decreased levels of activated STAT1 and STAT6 related to the PGE(2) production of tumor cells. Blockade of canonical NF-κB signaling showed that the effect of the chemotherapy was abrogated, preventing the subsequent increased production of PGE(2) and/or IL-6 by the tumor cell lines. Treatment with the COX-inhibitor indomethacin and/or the clinical monoclonal antibody against interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R), tocilizumab, prevented M2-differentiation. Importantly, no correlation existed between the production of PGE(2) or IL-6 by cancer cells and their resistance to chemotherapy-induced cell death, indicating that other mechanisms underlie the reported chemoresistance of tumors producing these factors. Our data suggest that a chemotherapy-mediated increase in tumor-promoting M2 macrophages may form an indirect mechanism for chemoresistance. Hence, concomitant therapy with COX inhibitors and/or IL-6R antibodies might increase the clinical effect of platinum-based chemotherapy in otherwise resistant tumors.
Overexpression of pituitary tumor-transforming gene-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. (2006)

The results show that PTTG1 is overexpressed frequently in HCC, and correlated high stage tumors, indicating that overexpression of PTTG1 plays a role in the development and progression of HCC.
Spectral and Structural Characterization of 5,6-Chrysenequinone Diimine Complexes of Rhodium(III):  Evidence for a pH-Dependent Ligand Conformational Switch (1999)

Rhodium(III) complexes containing 9,10-phenanthrenequinone diimine (phi) ligands have been broadly applied for the construction of DNA binding and recognition molecules, and more recently, derivatives containing the 5,6-chrysenequinone diimine (chrysi) ligand have been shown specifically to recognize base mismatches in DNA. Here the structural properties of [Rh(bpy)(2)(chrysi)]Cl(3) and spectroscopic properties of derivatives are examined and compared to those of phi complexes of rhodium. Although similar in many respects, phi and chrysi complexes display distinctly different protonation behavior. The pK(a) values of chrysi complexes are as much as 1 unit lower than analogous phi compounds, and visible spectra of the chrysi complexes differ markedly from the phi counterparts in acidic but not basic solution. This protonation behavior is traced to the presence of a steric clash between a proton on the aromatic ring of the chrysi ligand and the acidic immino proton of the metal complex. In avoidance of this steric clash, a significant disruption in the planarity of the chrysi ligand is evident crystallographically in the structure of [Rh(bpy)(2)(chrysi)]Cl(3).3CH(3)CN.2H(2)O (triclinic crystal system, space group P&onemacr; (No. 2), Z = 2, a = 9.079(3) Å, b = 10.970(3) Å, c = 21.192(8) Å, alpha = 86.71(3) degrees, beta = 89.21(3) degrees, gamma = 78.58(3) degrees, V = 2065.4(12) Å(3)). Phi complexes, lacking the additional aromatic ring, require no similar distortion from ligand planarity. NMR spectra support this pH-dependent structural distortion for the chrysi complex. Rhodium complexes of chrysenequinone diimine, therefore, not only represent new DNA binding molecules targeted to mismatches but also provide an illustration of a pH "gated" ligand conformational switch.
ROR1 sustains caveolae and survival signalling as a scaffold of cavin-1 and caveolin-1 (2016)

Abstract The receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) sustains prosurvival signalling directly downstream of the lineage-survival oncogene NKX2-1/TTF-1 in lung adenocarcinoma. Here we report an unanticipated function of this receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) as a scaffold of cavin-1 and caveolin-1 (CAV1), two essential structural components of caveolae. This kinase-independent function of ROR1 facilitates the interactions of cavin-1 and CAV1 at the plasma membrane, thereby preventing the lysosomal degradation of CAV1. Caveolae structures and prosurvival signalling towards AKT through multiple RTKs are consequently sustained. These findings provide mechanistic insight into how ROR1 inhibition can overcome EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance due to bypass signalling via diverse RTKs such as MET and IGF-IR, which is currently a major clinical obstacle. Considering its onco-embryonic expression, inhibition of the scaffold function of ROR1 in patients with lung adenocarcinoma is an attractive approach for improved treatment of this devastating cancer.
Sterols and Asparagine in the Rice Plant, Endogenous Factors Related to Resistance against the Brown Planthopper (<i>Nilaparvata lugens</i>) (1982)

Journal Article Sterols and Asparagine in the Rice Plant, Endogenous Factors Related to Resistance against the Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) Get access Yoshio Shigematsu, Yoshio Shigematsu Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Noboru Murofushi, Noboru Murofushi Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kiyomitsu Ito, Kiyomitsu Ito Agricultural Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Chukichi Kaneda, Chukichi Kaneda Agricultural Research Center, Konosu, Saitama 365, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Susumu Kawabe, Susumu Kawabe Tohoku Agricultural Experiment Station, Ōmagari, Akita 014-01, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nobutaka Takahashi Nobutaka Takahashi Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 46, Issue 11, 1 November 1982, Pages 2877–2879, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1982.10865529 Published: 01 November 1982 Article history Received: 20 July 1982 Published: 01 November 1982
Bone Responsiveness to Parathyroid Hormone in Normal and Osteoporotic Postmenopausal Women * (1989)

Increased bone loss in estrogen-deficient normal and osteoporotic postmenopausal women may be due mainly to increased sensitivity of bone-resorbing cells to circulating PTH, but this is supported only by indirect data. Therefore, we tested the responsiveness of bone to PTH directly by using a 3-day iv infusion of bovine PTH-(1-34) at 400 U/day in 9 normal premenopausal women, 10 normal postmenopausal women, and 12 osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Serum calcium and urinary hydroxyproline concentrations increased (P less than 0.001) over baseline values during infusion, but the mean increases in both variables did not differ among groups. The data do not support the hypothesis that estrogen deficiency increases the sensitivity of bone to PTH or that the sensitivity in osteoporotic women is greater than that in normal postmenopausal women. Within the constraints imposed by the method of testing, we conclude that the additional bone resorption induced by menopause and by osteoporosis may be due to mechanisms that are not due to enhanced responsiveness of bone to PTH.
Investigation of Organic Contamination of Ground Water in South Brunswick Township, New Jersey (1980)

ABSTRACT Analyses of several hundred ground‐water samples from over 100 wells, and water table elevations measured in about 60 wells were used to determine the sources, distribution and movement of organohalide contaminants within two unconsolidated aquifers in South Brunswick Township, New Jersey. 1,1,1‐trichloroethane and other organic contaminants were found to have migrated more than 3,000 feet from one source to a public supply well. Lithologic logs from existing wells and monitor wells drilled for the investigation indicate that the Old Bridge aquifer, used for domestic supplies, is underlain by a clay aquitard (Woodbridge clay?) which in turn is underlain by the Farrington sand, a very productive and heavily pumped aquifer used for public supply. Well logs and water elevations were used to define the existence and location of a breach or window in the clay formation. This feature recharges the deeper aquifer and has allowed organic contaminants to reach the Farrington after contaminating wells screened in the upper unit. A large‐capacity well has been contaminated as a result. Water table altitudes were used to show the possible existence of a second breach in the clay layer that may allow organics to reach a second public supply well screened in the lower aquifer within the next few years.
Declinación de la producción del pozo E-54 en el campo geotérmico de Cerro Prieto a causa de la incrustación (2006)

Los fluidos geotermicos del campo de Cerro Prieto son altam e nte incrustantes. El pozo E-54 estuvo en produccion durante m a s de catorce anos, dejando de producir debido principalm ente a problem as de incrus tacion tanto en el inte rior de su tuberia de produccion co m o en las rocas del yacim i ento de su periferia inm e diata. Despues de su reparacion el pozo ha vue lto a producir, aunque no en las m i s m as condiciones originales. Se analiza el proceso de incrustacion en este pozo, revi sando los aspectos term odinam i cos y geoquimicos, a fin de definir de m a ne ra m a s precisa la form a en que ocurre el proceso y sus causas
A Dual-Mode Large-Arrayed CMOS ISFET Sensor for Accurate and High-Throughput pH Sensing in Biomedical Diagnosis (2015)

The developed dual-mode CMOS ISFET sensor has great potential for future personal genome diagnostics with high accuracy and low cost.
Interphase phosphorylation of the <i>Drosophila</i> nuclear lamin: Site-mapping using a monoclonal antibody (1995)

The Drosophila nuclear lamin is highly phosphorylated during interphase. Two interphase isoforms, differing in degree of phosphorylation, can be distinguished by one-dimensional SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. One migrates with an apparent mass of 74 kDa (lamin Dm1); the other is more highly phosphorylated and migrates as a 76 kDa protein (lamin Dm2). We generated a monoclonal antibody, ADL84 which binds to lamin Dm1 but not lamin Dm2. Binding of ADL84 to lamin Dm2 was restored by phosphatase treatment of immunoblots containing lamins. Immunoprecipitation with ADL84 demonstrated that purified Drosophila nuclear lamins Dm1 and Dm2 are present as a random mixture of homo- and heterodimers. Indirect immunofluorescence experiments suggest that lamin Dm1 is present in all Drosophila cell types. The epitope for ADL84 was mapped by analyzing binding to bacterially expressed lamin deletion mutants and subsequently by screening for point mutants (randomly generated by polymerase chain reaction) which were not recognized by ADL84. The ADL84-epitope encompasses amino acids R22PPSAGP (arginine 22-proline 28). Peptide competition experiments demonstrated directly that phosphorylation of serine 25 impedes lamin binding by ADL84. This suggests that serine 25 is the lamin Dm2-specific phosphorylation site.
Effect of Polynucleotides on the Inhibition of Neutrophil Elastase by Mucus Proteinase Inhibitor and α<sub>1</sub>-Proteinase Inhibitor (1998)

DNA released from neutrophils at sites of inflammation may modulate tissue proteolysis. We used tRNA and synthetic polynucleotides as models of DNA to study the influence of polynucleotides on the inhibition of neutrophil elastase by its endogenous inhibitors alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha1-PI) and mucus proteinase inhibitor (MPI). Affinity chromatography showed that polynucleotides form electrostatic complexes with elastase and MPI but not with alpha1-PI, the highest affinity being for MPI. The tight-binding partial inhibition of elastase by polynucleotides was used to calculate the Kd of the elastase-polynucleotide complexes which ranged from 4 microM to 21 nM. One mole of tRNA was able to bind 9 mol of elastase. Polydeoxycytosine and tRNA significantly impaired the reversible inhibition of elastase by MPI: they moderately increased the rate of enzyme-inhibitor association, strongly enhanced the rate of complex dissociation, and lowered the enzyme-inhibitor affinity by factors of 34 and 134, respectively. The two polynucleotides also decreased the rate of the irreversible inhibition of elastase by alpha1-PI by factors of 30 and 3, respectively. Polynucleotides also changed the mechanism of inhibition of elastase by the two inhibitors from a one-step inhibition reaction to a two-step binding mechanism. Our data may help explain why proteolysis may occur at sites of inflammation despite the presence of active proteinase inhibitors.
Selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitors and the prevention of cerebral palsy (2009)

This approach may lead to new preventive strategies for CP.
Back to Basics for Monolingual Alignment: Exploiting Word Similarity and Contextual Evidence (2014)

We present a simple, easy-to-replicate monolingual aligner that demonstrates state-of-the-art performance while relying on almost no supervision and a very small number of external resources. Based on the hypothesis that words with similar meanings represent potential pairs for alignment if located in similar contexts, we propose a system that operates by finding such pairs. In two intrinsic evaluations on alignment test data, our system achieves F 1 scores of 88–92%, demonstrating 1–3% absolute improvement over the previous best system. Moreover, in two extrinsic evaluations our aligner outperforms existing aligners, and even a naive application of the aligner approaches state-of-the-art performance in each extrinsic task.
Comparative analysis of periodic state saving techniques in time warp simulators (1995)

Checkpointing in a time warp synchronized parallel simulator is a necessary and potentially expensive operation. In the simple case, a time warp simulator checkpoints every k events, for some fixed value k. For larger values of k, the simulator requires less overhead for saving the state, but incurs an increased latency during rollback. Thus, the problem is to balance the time to save states against the time to coast forward upon rollback. Unfortunately, a static determination of a optimal value for k is very difficult and can vary widely, even between closely related instances of a time warp simulator. Furthermore, the optimal checkpoint interval may actually vary over the lifetime of the simulation.To address these problems, several investigators have proposed dynamically adjusting the checkpoint interval k as the simulation progresses. This paper analyzes three previous techniques for dynamically sizing checkpoint intervals and presents a new, heuristic algorithm for this purpose. All four techniques are implemented in a common application domain (digital system simulation from VHDL descriptions) and a direct comparison between the algorithms is performed. The results show a significant difference in the performance of the implemented algorithms. However, in virtually all cases, the dynamic algorithms performed near or better than the best static value. Furthermore, the best algorithms performed as much as 12% better than the best static value.
<title>Automated lower limb prosthesis design</title> (1994)

The design of lower limb prostheses requires definitive geometric data to customize socket shape. Optical surface imaging and spiral x-ray computed tomography were applied to geometric analysis of limb residua in below knee (BK) amputees. Residua (limb remnants after amputation) of BK amputees were digitized and measured. Surface (optical) and volumetric (CT) data of the residuum were used to generate solid models and specify socket shape in (SDRC I-DEAS) CAD software. Volume measurements on the solid models were found to correspond within 2% of surface models and direct determinations made using Archimedean weighing. Anatomic 3D reconstruction of the residuum by optical surface and spiral x-ray computed tomography imaging are feasible modalities for prosthesis design.