gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Endogenous Vitamin K-Dependent Mechanism Regulates Cell Proliferation in the Brain Subventricular Stem Cell Niche (2012)

Neural stem cells (NSC) persist in the adult mammalian brain, within the subventricular zone (SVZ). The endogenous mechanisms underpinning SVZ stem and progenitor cell proliferation are not fully elucidated. Vitamin K-dependent proteins (VKDPs) are mainly secreted factors that were initially discovered as major regulators of blood coagulation. Warfarin ((S(-)-3-acetonylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin)), a widespread anticoagulant, is a vitamin K antagonist that inhibits the production of functional VKDP. We demonstrate that the suppression of functional VKDPs production, in vitro, by exposure of SVZ cell cultures to warfarin or, in vivo, by its intracerebroventricular injection to mice, leads to a substantial increase in SVZ cell proliferation. We identify the anticoagulant factors, protein S and its structural homolog Gas6, as the two only VKDPs produced by SVZ cells and describe the expression and activation pattern of their Tyro3, Axl, and Mer tyrosine kinase receptors. Both in vitro and in vivo loss of function studies consisting in either Gas6 gene invalidation or in endogenous protein S neutralization, provided evidence for an important novel regulatory role of these two VKDPs in the SVZ neurogenic niche. Specifically, we show that while a loss of Gas6 leads to a reduction in the numbers of stem-like cells and in olfactory bulb neurogenesis, endogenous protein S inhibits SVZ cell proliferation. Our study opens up new perspectives for investigating further the role of vitamin K, VKDPs, and anticoagulants in NSC biology in health and disease.
Uncalibrated visual servoing of robots using a depth-independent interaction matrix (2006)

This paper presents a new adaptive controller for image-based dynamic control of a robot manipulator using a fixed camera whose intrinsic and extrinsic parameters are not known. To map the visual signals onto the joints of the robot manipulator, this paper proposes a depth-independent interaction matrix, which differs from the traditional interaction matrix in that it does not depend on the depths of the feature points. Using the depth-independent interaction matrix makes the unknown camera parameters appear linearly in the closed-loop dynamics so that a new algorithm is developed to estimate their values on-line. This adaptive algorithm combines the Slotine-Li method with on-line minimization of the errors between the real and estimated projections of the feature points on the image plane. Based on the nonlinear robot dynamics, we prove asymptotic convergence of the image errors to zero by the Lyapunov theory. Experiments have been conducted to verify the performance of the proposed controller. The results demonstrated good convergence of the image errors.
MECHANISMS IN THE QUANTUM YIELD OF <i>CYPRIDINA</i> BIOLUMINESCENCE* (1970)

Abstract— –The influence of temperature, pH, salts, and reactant concentrations on the biolumin‐escent oxidation of Cypridina luciferin catalyzed by Cypridina luciferase indicates a highest quantum yield φ (einsteins per mole of luciferin oxidized) of 0.31 in H 2 O, or 0.33 in 99% D 2 O. With the aid of data on fluorescence of the light‐emitting oxyluciferin‐luciferase complex, and of oxyluciferin in diglyme, partial explanations are suggested for the observed variations in φ, including the relatively low φ, of 0.03 for chemiluminescence of luciferin in organic solvents, wherein a different pathway of luciferin degradation, as indicated by chromatographic evidence, results in much less population of the excited state.
Models for predicting flicker induced by large wind turbines (1999)

Accurate models for voltage flicker prediction are required so that large wind turbines may be connected, to weak utility networks, in the confidence that excessive flicker levels will not occur. These models must work satisfactorily with different wind turbine designs so that risks to manufacturers, intending to adopt a particular type of turbine, are minimised. This paper presents a simple model for identifying critical busbars, where the levels of flicker may be high. It also describes a more complex model for accurately predicting flicker induced by operating wind turbines. The models are very flexible and were developed specifically to be coupled to an existing dynamic model of an entire wind turbine. The various models representing static and dynamic loads are described and their impact on flicker are investigated. In addition, the effects of the X/R ratio and fault level of the network are discussed. Various wind conditions and different network parameters have been simulated. Results are presented from simulations carried out using measured wind turbine power time series and data from operating wind farms.
The Discovery of Novel, Structurally Diverse Protein Kinase C Agonists through Computer 3D-Database Pharmacophore Search. Molecular Modeling Studies (1994)

A computer protein kinase C (PK-C) pharmacophore search on 206,876 nonproprietary structures in the NCI 3D-database led to the discovery of five compounds which were found to possess PK-C binding affinities in the low micromolar range and six others having detectable, but marginal, binding affinities. Molecular modeling studies showed that in addition to the presence of the defined pharmacophore, hydrophobicity and conformational energy are the two other important factors determining the PK-C binding affinity of a compound. The modeling results were confirmed by synthetic modification of two inactive compounds, producing two active derivatives. These newly discovered, structurally diverse lead compounds are being used as the basis for further synthetic modifications aimed at more potent PK-C ligands that will compete with the phorbol esters.
Improving the performance of actor model runtime environments on multicore and manycore platforms (2013)

The actor model is present in many systems that demand substantial computing resources which are often provided by multicore and multiprocessor platforms such as non-uniform memory access architectures (NUMA) and manycore processors. Yet, no mainstream actor model runtime environment (RE) currently in use takes into account the hierarchical memory characteristics of these platforms. These REs essentially assume a flat-memory space therefore not performing as well as they could. In this paper we present our proposal to improve the performance of these systems. Using knowledge about the general characteristics of actor-based applications and the underlying platform, we propose techniques spanning from memory management to scheduling and load-balancing. Based on previous work, we present our design guidelines for the RE adaptation to the Kalray MPPA-256 manycore processor.
Devices using planar waveguide gratings and lenses (1999)

Planar lightwave circuits allow complex optical devices to be made in just a few lithography steps. One of the best ways to make gratings and lenses in planar circuits is to use waveguide arrays. Waveguide arrays typically terminate in the free-space regions of star couplers. The most famous example is the waveguide grating router (WGR), also called the PHASAR or arrayed waveguide grating. We will define waveguide gratings as those that have mainly asymmetric path length distributions, resulting in mainly chromatic angular dispersion, and lenses as those that have mainly symmetric path length distributions, resulting in mainly chromatic radial dispersion.
Molecular basis of clonal expansion of hematopoiesis in 2 patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) (2006)

Somatic mutation of PIGA in hematopoietic stem cells causes deficiency of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) that underlies the intravascular hemolysis but does not account for expansion of the PNH clone. Immune mechanisms may mediate clonal selection but appear insufficient to account for the clonal dominance necessary for PNH to become clinically apparent. Herein, we report 2 patients with PNH whose PIGA-mutant cells had a concurrent, acquired rearrangement of chromosome 12. In both cases, der(12) had a break within the 3' untranslated region of HMGA2, the architectural transcription factor gene deregulated in many benign mesenchymal tumors, that caused ectopic expression of HMGA2 in the bone marrow. These observations suggest that aberrant HMGA2 expression, in concert with mutant PIGA, accounts for clonal hematopoiesis in these 2 patients and suggest the concept of PNH as a benign tumor of the bone marrow.
Polydopamine-Assisted Osteoinductive Peptide Immobilization of Polymer Scaffolds for Enhanced Bone Regeneration by Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (2013)

Immobilization of osteoinductive molecules, including growth factors or peptides, on polymer scaffolds is critical for improving stem cell-mediated bone tissue engineering. Such molecules provide osteogenesis-stimulating signals for stem cells. Typical methods used for polymeric scaffold modification (e.g., chemical conjugation or physical adsorption), however, have limitations (e.g., multistep, complicated procedures, material denaturation, batch-to-batch inconsistency, and inadequate conjugation) that diminish the overall efficiency of the process. Therefore, in this study, we report a biologically inspired strategy to prepare functional polymer scaffolds that efficiently regulate the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). Polymerization of dopamine (DA), a repeated motif observed in mussel adhesive protein, under alkaline pH conditions, allows for coating of a polydopamine (pDA) layer onto polymer scaffolds. Our study demonstrates that predeposition of a pDA layer facilitates highly efficient, simple immobilization of peptides derived from osteogenic growth factor (bone morphogenetic protein-2; BMP-2) on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds via catechol chemistry. The BMP-2 peptide-immobilized PLGA scaffolds greatly enhanced in vitro osteogenic differentiation and calcium mineralization of hADSCs using either osteogenic medium or nonosteogenic medium. Furthermore, transplantation of hADSCs using pDA-BMP-2-PLGA scaffolds significantly promoted in vivo bone formation in critical-sized calvarial bone defects. Therefore, pDA-mediated catechol functionalization would be a simple and effective method for developing tissue engineering scaffolds exhibiting enhanced osteoinductivity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that pDA-mediated surface modification of polymer scaffolds potentiates the regenerative capacity of human stem cells for healing tissue defect in vivo.
The Prognostic Significance of CD44V6, CDH11, and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">β</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>-Catenin Expression in Patients with Osteosarcoma (2013)

This study aimed to examine the expression of and the relationship between CD44V6, CDH11, and β-catenin. The expression of these cell adhesion molecules was detected in 90 osteosarcoma and 20 osteochondroma specimens using immunohistochemistry. Associations between these parameters and clinicopathological data were also examined. The expression rates of CD44V6, CDH11, and β-catenin were 25.0% (5/20), 70.0% (14/20), and 20.0% (4/20) in osteochondroma specimens, respectively. Compared to osteochondromas, the proportions of expression of CD44V6 and β-catenin in osteosarcoma specimens increased to 65.6% (59/90) and 60.0% (54/90), respectively. However, the expression rate of CDH11 in osteosarcomas was reduced to 40.0% (36/90). The expression of these markers was significantly associated with metastasis and overall survival (P < 0.05). Survival analysis revealed that patients with increased expression of CD44V6 and β-catenin as well as decreased expression of CDH11 were correlated with a shorter survival time. Multivariate analysis indicated that clinical stage, metastasis status, and the expression of CD44V6, CDH11, and β-catenin were found to be associated with overall survival. Further, the expression of β -catenin and that of CD44V6 were positively correlated with each other. Thus, our results indicated abnormal expression of CD44V6, CDH11, and β-catenin in osteosarcomas and osteochondromas, which may provide important indicators for further research.
<i>GLC3</i> and <i>GHA1</i> of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Are Allelic and Encode the Glycogen Branching Enzyme (1992)

In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, glycogen serves as a major storage carbohydrate. In a previous study, mutants with altered glycogen metabolism were isolated on the basis of the altered iodine-staining properties of colonies. We found that when glycogen produced by strains carrying the glc-1p (previously called gha1-1) mutation is stained with iodine, the absorption spectrum resembles that of starch rather than that of glycogen, suggesting that this mutation might reduce the level of branching in the glycogen particles. Indeed, glycogen branching activity was undetectable in extracts from a glc3-1p strain but was elevated in strains which expressed GLC3 from a high-copy-number plasmid. These observations suggest that GLC3 encodes the glycogen branching enzyme. In contrast to glc3-1p, the glc3-4 mutation greatly reduces the ability of yeast to accumulate glycogen. These mutations appear to be allelic despite the striking difference in the phenotypes which they produce. The GLC3 clone complemented both glc3-1p and glc3-4. Deletions and transposon insertions in this clone had parallel effects on its ability to complement glc3-1p and glc3-4. Finally, a fragment of the cloned gene was able to direct the repair of both glc3-1p and glc3-4. Disruption of GLC3 yielded the glycogen-deficient phenotype, indicating that glycogen deficiency is the null phenotype. The glc3-1p allele appears to encode a partially functional product, since it is dominant over glc3-4 but recessive to GLC3. These observations suggest that the ability to introduce branches into glycogen greatly increases the ability of the cell to accumulate that polysaccharide. Northern (RNA) blot analysis identified a single mRNA of 2,300 nucleotides that increased in abundance ca. 20-fold as the culture approached stationary phase. It thus appears that the expression of GLC3 is regulated, probably at the level of transcription.
Cells in the circulating blood capable of producing connective tissue. (1969)

Connective tissue cells were cultured from buffy coat after contamination had been reduced to an absolute minimum by cannulating a large vessel and using special diffusion chambers. The cells were identified by the presence of connective tissue in the diffusion chambers and not by cell morphology. There can be few explanations for their presence. One is that they represent cells of low differentiation with a multipotentiality which have passed into the circulating blood from the vessel wall or some other source. Another is that they are transformed leucocytes. The implications of their presence for wound healing, the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and organisation of thrombi is indicated.
26.5: Requirements on Backlights for LCD's with Transmissive Cholesteric Color Filters (2002)

Abstract Transmission spectra of interference color filters are calculated for various light sources and angular distributions of incident light. Using conventional lamps, the achievable color gamut is poor for all angular distributions. To improve performance, a different light source and pre‐shifted plus broadened reflection windows of the interference filters should be used.
Selective control of grass weeds in teff with and without use of a safener (1983)

Abstract Eleven herbicides were tested in pot experiments for the control of Phalaris paradoxa L. and Setaria pallide‐fusca (Schumach.) Stapf & C. E. Hubbard in teffa (Eragrostis tef Zucc. Trotter), the major food crop of the Ethiopean highlands. MSMA plus wetter was well tolerated by teff up to 5 kg a.i./ha post‐emergence. It gave only partial control of 5. pallide‐fusca in these tests but deserves further testing on other weed species. Barban post‐emergence was well tolerated by teff up to 1.5 kg a.i./ha. It provided partial suppression of P. paradoxa and should control certain other grass weeds, notably Avena spp. Chlorsulfuron at 0.005 kg a.i./ha pre‐emergence was safe on teff and controlled both weed species. A seed dressing of the herbicide safener naphthalene‐i.e‐dicarboxylicanhydride, also known as 1,8‐naphthalic anhydride (NA) increased the tolerance of teff to chlorsulfuron by a factor of at least 3, so allowing safe use of doses up to at least 0.015 kg a.i./ha. Diclofop‐methyl at 0.25 kg a.i./ha pre‐emergence killed unprotected teff, but when protected by NA, teff tolerated this dose, at which both weed species were controlled. NA did not, however, give adequate protection against diclofop‐methyl applied post‐emergence. AC222293 (a mixture of methyl 6‐(4‐isopropyl‐4‐methyl‐5‐oxo‐2‐imidazolin‐2‐yl)‐m7‐toluate and methyl 2‐(4‐isopropyl‐4‐methyl‐5‐oxo‐2‐imidazolin‐2‐yl)‐p‐toluate), post‐emergence at 1 kg a.i./ha provided selective suppression of P. paradoxe. Pre‐emergence there was evidence of protection by NA but it was inadequate to prevent damage by 0.25 kg a.i./ha of this herbicide. Other herbicides failing to show selectivity were EPTC pre‐planting, with or without the safener R25788 (N.N‐diallyl‐2,2‐dichloroacetamide), alachlor and perfluidone pre‐emergence and pendimethalin, propanil and metoxuron post‐emergence (all tested with and without NA).
Beneficial effects of activated macrophages on sulfur mustard-induced cutaneous burns, an <i>in vivo</i> experience (2014)

Our results indicate that the role of macrophages in wound healing is complex; their efficacy may depend on the timing of administration. Further investigation is required to determine whether they are required during the early phase of wound development and/or during the late phase of scar formation and remodeling.
Identification of Novel Potent Inhibitors for ATP-Phosphoribosyl Transferase Using Three-Dimensional Structural Database Search Technique (2001)

We identified new potent inhibitors for ATP-phosphoribosyl transferase, which is the first enzyme in histidine biosynthesis pathway, using three-dimensional database search (3D-search) technique. The 3D-search was based on the structure of product molecule, N-1-(5′-phosphoribosyl)-ATP, as a template to find molecules targeting to the binding sites of two substrates (ATP and 5′-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate), i.e., bi-substrate mimicking. Four commercially-available compounds with three different chemical classes were examined out of 36 low-molecular weight compounds selected from the hits of the searches. Amino-(chlorophenyl)-triazolopyrimidine compounds, which are the simplest and smallest ones, showed potent activity (e.g., 92% inhibition at 100 μM). The structural comparison with the product molecule suggests that the simultaneous occupation of two substrate-binding sites likely enhances the enzyme inhibition. The most potent compound examined in this study was a disulfide-bond containing molecule (IC50=50 nM), whose mode of action seems to be different from the others. Further studies using its derivatives were carried out for clarification.
Textural Variations in B-Mode Ultrasonography: A Stochastic Model (1981)

Analysis of textural patterns in gray-scale ultrasonography is frequently the basis for clinical diagnosis. It has been found, however, that texture is shaped not only by tissue microstructure but by characteristics of the imaging system as well. This paper describes computer and analytic models which give insight into the role of the imager in texture formation. It is shown that spatial resolution and texture granularity are not simply related, and that axial and lateral texture are determined by unrelated phenomena. Experimental results are given which confirm the modeling.
Study on Human Error Expanded Model and Context Influencing Human Reliability in Digital Control Systems (2010)

Digital instrumentation and control systems has been widely used to high-risk system, which changes the context influencing human performance, cognitive processes and human-machine interaction, thus lead to new human errors and error mechanism. This paper constructs the extended human error analysis model for analyzing the possible cognitive and action errors. And then human error causal factors are analyzed in the conceptual causal model of human error which can be used to analyze the root cause of human error, thus it is useful to prevent human error and train operator's cognitive skills.
Planar inductor for very small DC-DC convertors (2002)

The authors describe the development of a planar inductor and its application to DC-DC converters. The planar inductor fabricated had a small size (11*11*0.8 mm), 33 mu H inductance, and a maximum quality factor of 14. The very small DC-DC converter, using the planar inductor as an energy storage element. had a 250 kHz switching frequency, a 5 V 2 W typical output, and a power/volume ratio of up to 1.7 W/cm/sup 3/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design for testability strategies using full/partial scan designs and test point insertions to reduce test application times (2001)

As an LSI is on the two-dimensional plane, the number of external pins of an LSI does not equally increase to the number of gates. Therefore, the number of flip-flops on a scan path is relatively increasing. As the results, the test application time becomes longer. In this paper, three new DFT strategies are proposed to reduce the test application time. Experimental results showed the DFT strategies reduced the test application times by 46 to 82% compared with a conventional full scan design method.
Straw comprehensive utilization of opportunities and challenges (2012)

The crop stalks as valuable renewable resources,are increasingly subject to wide attention and attach great importance to the people and the government,government departments have also done a lot of attempts,straw burning phenomenon still repeated straw utilization is still not clear way out.The article analyzes the opportunities and challenges facing the comprehensive utilization of straw,provide a reference period of the government,enterprises,farmers tripartite decision-making.
Prognostic value of soluble MICA levels in the serum of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (2012)

Serum levels of soluble MHC class I-related chain A (sMICA) are related with the prognosis of various types of cancer; however, few studies on the prognostic value of sMICA in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been reported. In this study, we retrospectively investigated the relationship between sMICA levels and clinical features of advanced HCC, and we assessed the prognostic value of sMICA in advanced HCC. Furthermore, the relationship of serum sMICA levels and natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) expression on natural killer (NK) cells was also evaluated. We detected sMICA levels in the serum of 60 advanced HCC patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and measured expression levels of NKG2D on NK cells using flow cytometry. We found that serum sMICA levels in HCC patients were in the range of 0.10-6.21 ng/mL. Chi-square analyses showed that sMICA level was significantly related with only tumor size. Survival analysis showed that a high sMICA level was significantly related with poor prognosis among HCC patients. Multivariate analyses indicated that sMICA was an independent prognostic factor. In addition, the levels of CD56+NKG2D+ NK cells were within the range of 11.2%-55.4%, and correlation analyses indicated that sMICA level was negatively correlated with the level of NKG2D+ NK cells. Our results suggest that serum sMICA levels may be an independent prognostic factor for advanced HCC.