gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactive Multimodal Biofeedback for Task-Oriented Neural Rehabilitation (2005)

Previous studies have suggested that task-oriented biofeedback training may be effective for functional motor improvement. The purpose of this project was to design an interactive, multimodal biofeedback system for the task-oriented training of goal-directed reaching. The central controller, based on a user context model, identifies the state of task performance using multisensing data and provides augmented feedback, through interactive 3D graphics and music, to encourage the patients' self-regulation and performance of the task. The design allows stroke patients to train with functional tasks, and receive real-time performance evaluation through successful processing of multimodal sensory feedback. In addition, the environment and training task is customizable. Overall, the system delivers an engaging training experience. Preliminary results of a pilot study involving stroke patients demonstrate the potential of the system to improve patients' reaching performance.
Biosynthesis of PF1022A and Related Cyclooctadepsipeptides (2000)

PF1022A belongs to a recently identified class of N-methylated cyclooctadepsipeptides (CODPs) with strong anthelmintic properties. Described here is the cell-free synthesis of this CODP and related structures, as well as the purification and enzymatic characterization of the responsible synthetase. For PF1022A synthesis extracts of Mycelia sterilia were incubated with the precursors L-leucine, D-lactate, D-phenyllactate, and S-adenosyl-L-methionine in the presence of ATP and MgCl(2). A 350-kDa depsipeptide synthetase, PFSYN, responsible for PF1022A synthesis was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. Like other peptide synthetases, PFSYN follows a thiotemplate mechanism in which the substrates are activated as thioesters via adenylation. N-Methylation of the substrate L-leucine takes place after covalent binding prior to peptide bond formation. The enzyme is capable of synthesizing all known natural cyclooctadepsipeptides of the PF1022 type (A, B, C, and D) differing in the content of D-lactate and D-phenyllactate. In addition to PF1022 types A, B, C, and D, the in vitro incubations produced PF1022F (a CODP consisting of D-lactate and N-methyl-L-leucine), as well as di-, tetra-, and hexa-PF1022 homologs. PFSYN strongly resembles the well documented enniatin synthetase in size and mechanism. Our results suggest that PFSYN, like enniatin synthetase, is an enzyme with two peptide synthetase domains and forms CODP by repeated condensation of dipeptidol building blocks. Due to the low specificity of the d-hydroxy acid binding site, D-lactate or D-phenyllactate can be incorporated into the dipeptidols depending on the concentration of these substrates in the reaction mixture.
A new synthesis of cyclodecane- and cycloundecane-1,3-dione (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new synthesis of cyclodecane- and cycloundecane-1,3-dioneEgle M. Beccalli, Luisella Majori, and Alessandro MarchesiniCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 1, 222–223Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00314a063Request reuse permissionsArticle Views150Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (298 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bioinformatics of siRNA Design (2013)

RNA interference mediated by small interfering RNAs is a powerful tool for investigation of gene functions and is increasingly used as a therapeutic agent. However, not all siRNAs are equally potent, and although simple rules for the selection of good siRNAs were proposed early on, siRNAs are still plagued with widely fluctuating efficiency. Recently, new design tools incorporating both the structural features of the targeted RNAs and the sequence features of the siRNAs substantially improved the efficacy of siRNAs. In this chapter we will present a review of sequence and structure-based algorithms behind them.
<title>Improved landmine detection capability (ILDC): systematic approach to the detection of buried mines using passive IR imaging</title> (1996)

In order to reduce the serious problem associated with the mining of important supply/communication roads by hostile parties during peacekeeping operations, the Canadian Department of National Defense has recently begun the development of a multi-sensor teleoperated mine detection vehicle, the Improved Landmine Detection Capability. One sensor identified as a serious candidate for that project is a passive IR camera. In the past, many organizations have assessed the efficiency of this technique of detection and reported widely fluctuating results. It is believed that the main reason for these fluctuations is associated with the ad hoc interpretations used by different researchers. In this paper, a more systematic analysis is presented which takes into account variables such as time of the day, time of the year, weather conditions, type of road and many others. A working model is proposed in order to facilitate the prediction of the IR signature of the buried land-mine and is compared with data acquired from multiple trials. These trials were done with live mines (without fuzes) and surrogates buried in different types of road (packed gravel and sand) and during different times of the day and different times of the year.
Comparative evaluation of a high lipase pancreatic enzyme preparation and a standard pancreatic supplement for treating exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in chronic pancreatitis (1996)

SCOPUS: ar.j
Integration of gesture and posture recognition systems for interpreting dynamic meanings using particle filter (2010)

This paper proposes a novel approach for determining the integration criteria using Particle filter for fusion of hand gesture and posture recognition system at decision level. For decision level fusion, integration framework requires the classification of hand gesture and posture symbols in which HMM and SVM are used to classify the alphabets and numbers from gesture and posture recognition system respectively. These classification results are input to integration framework to compute the contribution-weights. For this purpose, Condensation algorithm is employed to approximate optimal a-posterior probability using a-prior probability and Gaussian based likelihood function thus making the weights independent of classification ambiguities. Considering the recognition as a problem of regular grammar, we have developed the production rules based on Context Free Grammar for restaurant scenario. On the basis of contribution-weights, we mapped the recognized outcome over CFG rules and infer meaningful expressions. Experiments are conducted on 500 different combinations of restaurant orders with overall 98.3% inference accuracy which proves the significance of proposed approach.
Sensor Anomaly Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks for Healthcare (2015)

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are vulnerable to various sensor faults and faulty measurements. This vulnerability hinders efficient and timely response in various WSN applications, such as healthcare. For example, faulty measurements can create false alarms which may require unnecessary intervention from healthcare personnel. Therefore, an approach to differentiate between real medical conditions and false alarms will improve remote patient monitoring systems and quality of healthcare service afforded by WSN. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to detect sensor anomaly by analyzing collected physiological data from medical sensors. The objective of this method is to effectively distinguish false alarms from true alarms. It predicts a sensor value from historic values and compares it with the actual sensed value for a particular instance. The difference is compared against a threshold value, which is dynamically adjusted, to ascertain whether the sensor value is anomalous. The proposed approach has been applied to real healthcare datasets and compared with existing approaches. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system, providing high Detection Rate (DR) and low False Positive Rate (FPR).
A generic iconic tool for viewing databases (1989)

Many software-development environments capture and structure all project information in one or more databases. As these data-gathering techniques become more effective, they make it increasingly difficult to locate relevant information from a vast store. Adapt is a display tool that can depict both the structure and content of databases graphically. The architecture of Adapt and the augmented graph representation it uses for database objects are described. As an example, the use of Adapt with the Triad database, which has 400 objects of 24 types, ranging from management (personnel information, project objectives, reviews, and walkthroughs) to coding (components and modules), is considered. Two kinds of graph operation, display and adaptive, that an Adapt user can perform on the augmented graph are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Advanced SRAM technology-the race between 4T and 6T cells (2002)

This work discusses the trade-offs between 4T SRAM cells which use four bulk transistors (and have poly resistor or TFT loads) and 6T SRAM cells which use six bulk transistors (and use bulk PMOS loads). 4T SRAM cells have dominated the stand-alone SRAM market since first introduced in the 1970's, but 6T SRAM cells have been dominant for on-chip storage in advanced microprocessors and other logic circuits. However, recently there has been a resurgence of interest in 6T cells for stand alone SRAM applications. While 4T cells are typically smaller, they generally require a more complex process, and have poorer stability, especially at low voltage. This paper quantitatively examines several different trade-offs in SRAM cell design.
Hole Filling Through Photomontage (2005)

To fill holes in photographs of structured, man made environments, we propose a technique which automatically adjusts and clones large image patches that have similar structure. These source patches can come from elsewhere in the same image, or from other images shot from different perspectives.
Synthesis and properties of a dually cleavable graft copolymer comprising pendant acetal linkages (2013)

A novel disulfide- and acetal-linked graft copolymer (SACG) comprising acetal-bridged poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) and PEG pendent chains and relatively short polymethacrylate backbone (DP ≈ 24) was synthesized and self-assembled for in vitro encapsulation and release of an anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX). Three-step reactions involving (i) RAFT copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate, (ii) ring-opening polymerization to generate PCL chains, and (iii) hydroxyl-vinyloxy adductive reaction to introduce acid-cleavable PEG segments were used to achieve the target copolymer. Meanwhile, well-defined normal (CP) and disulfide-linked (SCP) poly(PEG-co-PCL) comb-like copolymers and acid-cleavable poly(PEG-co-PCL)-graft-MVPEG copolymer (ACG) were synthesized and acted as analogues of SACG upon external stimuli. The macromolecular architecture significantly affected the melting and crystallization behaviors and aggregation properties of copolymers, and the difference in topology and location of cleavable linkages resulted in distinctly different stimuli-triggered drug release behaviors. Owing to the dissociation and reaggregation of cleaved copolymer aggregates, stimuli-cleavable aggregates in response to external stimuli (pH 5.0, 10 mM DTT) could exhibit faster release kinetics than CP aggregates, and the maximum increment of cumulative release from various aggregates for 72 h was liable to decrease in the order SACG > ACG > SCP > CP. The cumulative release from SACG aggregates could be adjusted in the widest range via addition of different stimuli, revealing the great potential of dually cleavable copolymer aggregates in smart drug delivery systems.
Bacterial Catabolism of β-Hydroxypropiovanillone and β-Hydroxypropiosyringone Produced in the Reductive Cleavage of Arylglycerol-β-Aryl Ether in Lignin (2018)

<i>Sphingobium</i> sp. strain SYK-6 converts four stereoisomers of arylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether into achiral β-hydroxypropiovanillone (HPV) via three stereospecific reaction steps. Here, we determined the HPV catabolic pathway and characterized the HPV catabolic genes involved in the first two steps of the pathway. In SYK-6 cells, HPV was oxidized to vanilloyl acetic acid (VAA) via vanilloyl acetaldehyde (VAL). The resulting VAA was further converted into vanillate through the activation of VAA by coenzyme A. A syringyl-type HPV analog, β-hydroxypropiosyringone (HPS), was also catabolized via the same pathway. SLG_12830 (<i>hpvZ</i>), which belongs to the glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase family, was isolated as the HPV-converting enzyme gene. An <i>hpvZ</i> mutant completely lost the ability to convert HPV and HPS, indicating that <i>hpvZ</i> is essential for the conversion of both the substrates. HpvZ produced in <i>Escherichia coli</i> oxidized both HPV and HPS and other 3-phenyl-1-propanol derivatives. HpvZ localized to both the cytoplasm and membrane of SYK-6 and used ubiquinone derivatives as electron acceptors. Thirteen gene products of the 23 aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) genes in SYK-6 were able to oxidize VAL into VAA. Mutant analyses suggested that multiple ALDH genes, including SLG_20400, contribute to the conversion of VAL. We examined whether the genes encoding feruloyl-CoA synthetase (<i>ferA</i>) and feruloyl-CoA hydratase/lyase (<i>ferB</i> and <i>ferB2</i>) are involved in the conversion of VAA. Only FerA exhibited activity toward VAA; however, disruption of <i>ferA</i> did not affect VAA conversion. These results indicate that another enzyme system is involved in VAA conversion.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Cleavage of the β-aryl ether linkage is the most essential process in lignin biodegradation. Although the bacterial β-aryl ether cleavage pathway and catabolic genes have been well documented, there have been no reports regarding the catabolism of HPV or HPS, the products of cleavage of β-aryl ether compounds. HPV and HPS have also been found to be obtained from lignin by chemoselective catalytic oxidation by 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone/<i>tert</i>-butyl nitrite/O<sub>2</sub>, followed by cleavage of the β-aryl ether with zinc. Therefore, value-added chemicals are expected to be produced from these compounds. In this study, we determined the SYK-6 catabolic pathways for HPV and HPS and identified the catabolic genes involved in the first two steps of the pathways. Since SYK-6 catabolizes HPV through 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylate, which is a building block for functional polymers, characterization of HPV catabolism is important not only for understanding the bacterial lignin catabolic system but also for lignin utilization.
Security, payment, and privacy for network commerce (1995)

As the Internet is used to a greater extent in business, issues of protection and privacy will have more importance. Users and organizations must have the ability to control reads and writes to network accessible information, they must be assured of the integrity and confidentiality of the information accessed over the net, and they must have a means to determine the security, competence, and honesty of the commercial service providers with which they interact. They must also be able to pay for purchases made on the network, and they should be free from excessive monitoring of their activities. This paper discusses characteristics of the Internet that make it difficult to provide such assurances and surveys some of the techniques that can used to protect users of the network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fractionation of maltosaccharides by gel filtration chromatography. (1982)

The fractionation of maltosaccharides by gel filtration is described. The procedure is based on the use of Bio-Gel P-2, P-4 and Toyopearl HW-40 gel in a properly designed column with water as an eluent, at 55°C. In the 4-m Bio-Gel column chromatography, the fractionation of maltosaccharides up to DP 25 was achieved with good resolution. It was possible to separate each component of the malto saccharide mixture when less than 500 mg as dry solids was charged on this column. The column was eluted at different flow rates, between 22 and 24 ml/hr and the effluent was monitored by the differential refractometer system. At these flow rates, the column pressure was below 5 kg/cm2. In case of large scale fractionation of oligosaccharides by Toyopearl HW-40 gel filtration with a 1- or 2-m column, maltooligosaccharides (G4, G5 and G6) and cyclodextrins (α-, β- and γ-CD) could be obtained with above 99 .9% purity. However, it is recommended that less than 2g of the saccharicle mixture should be charged on to a 2-m Toyopearl HW-40 gel column for good resolution of these oligosaccharides.
Function of sural nerve reflexes during human walking (1998)

1. The functions of ipsilateral cutaneous reflexes were studied with short trains of stimuli presented pseudorandomly to the sural nerve during human walking. Electromyograms (EMG) of lower (tibialis anterior (TA), soleus, lateral (LG) and medial (MG) gastrocnemius) and upper leg (vastus lateralis and biceps femoris) muscles were recorded, together with ankle, knee and hip joint angles. Net reflex EMG responses were quantified in each of the sixteen parts of the step cycle. The kinematic measurements included ankle eversion- inversion, and ankle, knee and hip flexion-extension. 2. The function of the sural reflexes depended upon the part of the step cycle in which the nerve was stimulated and the intensity of stimulation. During stance, reflexes in MG and TA muscles in response to a medium intensity of stimulation (1.9 x radiating threshold, x RT) were closely associated with ankle eversion and dorsiflexion responses, respectively. These responses could assist in accommodation to uneven terrain that applies pressure to the lateral side of the foot (sural innervation area). Non-noxious, high intensity (2.3 x RT) stimulation resulted in strong suppression of LG and MG during stance which was correlated to a small reduction in ankle plantarflexion. At this higher intensity the response would function to prevent the foot from moving more forcefully onto a potentially harmful obstacle. 3. During swing, ankle dorsiflexion increased and was significantly correlated to the net TA EMG response after both medium and high intensity stimulation. Knee flexion was increased throughout swing at both intensities of stimulation. These responses may serve in an avoidance response in which the swing limb is brought past an obstacle without destabilizing contact. 4. The net EMG and kinematic responses suggest that cutaneous reflexes stabilize human gait against external perturbations produced by an uneven surface in stance or obstacles encountered during swing.
Identification of Histone H2B as a Regulated Plasminogen Receptor (2006)

Tethering of plasminogen to cell surfaces controls plasmin formation and, thereby, influences pericellular proteolysis and cell migration. Modulation of cellular plasminogen binding sites provides a mechanism for regulation of these events. In this study, two distinct models, phorbol ester-stimulated adhesion of U937 monocytoid cells and culturing of peripheral blood neutrophils, treatments which modulate plasminogen binding sites, have been examined to determine the molecular basis for the upregulation of plasminogen receptors. Membranes were isolated from cell populations, with and without upregulated plasminogen binding capacities, and analyzed by [(125)I]plasminogen ligand blotting of gel transfers. Approximately 15 different [(125)I]plasminogen-binding proteins were discerned in the membrane fractions, and only relatively minor differences in the intensities of individual bands were noted in the different cell populations. The notable exception was the presence of a 17 kDa band, which was selectively and markedly enhanced in the membranes from cells with enhanced plasminogen binding capacities. The 17 kDa protein was isolated from both cell types, and amino acid sequencing of peptide fragments identified the same protein, histone H2B. Increased expression of histone H2B was observed on stimulated U937 cells and cultured neutrophils by confocal microscopy with an antibody raised to the carboxy-terminal octopeptide sequence of histone H2B. This antibody or its Fab fragments substantially decreased the level of binding of plasminogen to these cultured neutrophils and stimulated U937 cells that exhibited elevated levels of binding but not to nonstimulated cells. Thus, histone H2B represents a regulated plasminogen receptor, which contributes significantly to the plasminogen binding capacity of cells.
Skin temperature reveals the intensity of acute stress (2015)

Acute stress triggers peripheral vasoconstriction, causing a rapid, short-term drop in skin temperature in homeotherms. We tested, for the first time, whether this response has the potential to quantify stress, by exhibiting proportionality with stressor intensity. We used established behavioural and hormonal markers: activity level and corticosterone level, to validate a mild and more severe form of an acute restraint stressor in hens (Gallus gallus domesticus). We then used infrared thermography (IRT) to non-invasively collect continuous temperature measurements following exposure to these two intensities of acute handling stress. In the comb and wattle, two skin regions with a known thermoregulatory role, stressor intensity predicted the extent of initial skin cooling, and also the occurrence of a more delayed skin warming, providing two opportunities to quantify stress. With the present, cost-effective availability of IRT technology, this non-invasive and continuous method of stress assessment in unrestrained animals has the potential to become common practice in pure and applied research.