gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Efficient Calculation and Display of Dispersion Curves for a Thin Cylindrical Shell Immersed in a Fluid (1992)

Much of the extensive literature on shell theory centers around the computation of on curves, usually thought of as the roots of a determinant D which relates the angular frequency w to the wave numbers for free waves traveling on the shell. For a cylindrical shell, the free wave paths are actually helical curves on the surface of the shell, having both a circumferential and an axial wave number. In this case, it is useful to indicate explicitly that the dispersion relation is a function of three variables, i.e., D(w, m, n) = 0, where m is the number of half wavelengths of a wave traveling in the axial direction, and n is the number of full wavelengths of a wave traveling around the shell. We shall refer to this function D(w, m, n) as the dispersion volume density, since it is a function of three variables. Normally, one sees various two-dimensional displays of the dispersion relation, which are created by plotting any two of these variables against each other, while holding the third variable fixed. Target strength, Martsam Active surveillance,
Novel Biodegradable Polymeric Matrix Coated Cardiovascular Stent for Controlled Drug Delivery (2007)

Drug-eluting stents have been proposed as an alternative approach to decrease neointimal hyperplasia. Polymer coated stents can serve as a reservoir for local drug delivery. In this research work a novel four layer biodegradable/biocompatible polymeric blends (Poly L-lactide, Poly DL-lactide-co-glycolide, Poly L-lactide-co-caprolactone, and Poly vinyl pyrrolidone) was utilized for preparation of paclitaxel drug loaded matrix. Air suspension technique was modified and effectively used for coating the coronary stents with paclitaxel drug and biodegradable polymeric blends. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a consistent coating profile devoid of any irregularities like cracking and delamination after crimping and expansion of stent. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) established the efficiency of modified air suspension coating technique and controlled release of paclitaxel drug from four layer coated stent.
Recent advances in iPSC technologies involving cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease modeling. (2016)

Cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases are the most common health threats in developed countries. Limited cell derivation and cell number in cardiac tissue makes it difficult to study the cardiovascular disease using the existing cardiac cell model. Regarding the neurodegenerative disorders, the most potential sources of cell therapeutics such as fetal-derived primary neurons and human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are associated with ethical or technical limitations. The successful derivation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by de-differentiation of somatic cells offers significant potential to overcome hurdles in the field of the replacement therapy. Human iPSCs are functionally similar to human embryonic stem cells, and can be derived autologously without the ethical challenges associated with human ESCs. The iPSCs can, in turn, be differentiated into all cell types including neurons, cardiac cells, blood and liver cells, etc. Recently, target tissues derived from human iPSCs such as cardiomyocytes (CMs) or neurons have been used for new disease modeling and regenerative medicine therapies. Diseases models could be advantageous in the development of personalized medicine of various pathological conditions. This paper reviews efforts aimed at both the practical development of iPSCs, differentiation to neural/cardiac lineages, and the further use of these iPSCs-derived cells for disease modeling, as well as drug toxicity testing.
Capacity-achieving transmitter and receiver pairs for dispersive miso channels (2003)

We focus on data transmission over continuous-time, dispersive M-input/single-output (MISO) channels where the transmitter knows all M channels. The biorthogonal Karhunen-Loeve (KL) expansion in the continuous-time domain is proposed as a unifying analytical framework for studying dispersive MISO channels. Using this KL expansion, we rigorously derive an expression for the capacity of the continuous-time dispersive MISO channel and show that a dispersive MISO channel is equivalent, in terms of channel capacity, to a dispersive single-input/multiple-output (SIMO) channel. Our derivations based on the KL expansion avoid the well-known problems associated with the "frequency splitting" approach. We show that the capacity-achieving transmitter for a dispersive MISO channel can be broken into two parts: (1) an optimal encoder for a dispersive single-input/single-output (SISO) channel and (2) an M-dimensional (M-D) matched filter (or a broadband beamformer). The M-D matched filter turns the original dispersive MISO channel into an equivalent SISO channel with exactly the same capacity as the capacity of the original MISO channel, and the one-dimensional encoder is just the well-known optimal encoder of Gallager for this equivalent SISO channel created by the M-D matched filter. As the number of transmit antennas increases, we show that the channel seen by the receiver approaches a flat-fading SISO channel (even when the individual forward channels are dispersive); hence, water filling in the transmitter can be dropped without much degradation. Second, this shows that with a large number of transmit antennas, the achievable data rate using a pre-RAKE at the transmitter and a very simple symbol-by-symbol detector at the receiver is quite close to the actual capacity of the dispersive MISO channel. With a large number of transmit antennas, this implies that the receiver for a capacity-achieving dispersive MISO system can be considerably less complex than the receiver for a dispersive SISO channel.
Clinical features of panic attacks in schizophrenia (2001)

Since reports have underscored that panic attacks (PA) may be an identifiable state occurring in schizophrenia, we studied the symptomatology of PA in a group of schizophrenic patients. Of 40 patients (21 males and 19 females) attending a clinic for maintenance therapy of schizophrenia, 19 (36.8%) had a lifetime history of PA. Seven among those 19 patients (36.8%) had or had had spontaneous panic attacks, not related to phobic fears or delusional fears, and for the 12 remaining patients, the PA were related to paranoid ideas. Moreover, the paranoid subtype of schizophrenia tends to be more often associated with a history of panic attack than other subtypes of schizophrenia (52.6% vs 23.8%; chi2 = 3.5, P =.06). It seems that there are at least two types of PA in schizophrenic patients. The first one could be independent from the psychotic feature, with no psychopathological link. The second kind of PA could be directly related to a schizophrenic disorder, and found in patients with the paranoid subtype.
Initialization for NMF-based audio source separation using priors on encoding vectors (2019)

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has shown good performances on blind audio source separation (BASS). While the NMF analysis is a non-convex optimization problem when both the basis and encoding matrices need to be estimated simultaneously, the source separation step of the NMF-based BASS with a fixed basis matrix has been considered convex. However, because the basis matrix for the BASS is typically constructed by concatenating the basis matrices trained with individual source signals, the subspace spanned by the basis vectors for one source may overlap with that for other sources. In this paper, we have shown that the resulting encoding vector is not unique when the subspaces spanned by basis vectors for the sources overlap, which implies that the initialization of the encoding vector in the source separation stage is not trivial. Furthermore, we propose a novel method to initialize the encoding vector for the separation step based on the prior model of the encoding vector. Experimental results showed that the proposed method outperformed the uniform random initialization by 1.09 and 2.21dB in the source-to-distortion ratio, and 0.20 and 0.23 in PESQ scores for supervised and semi-supervised cases, respectively.
Protein-based films cross-linked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylamino-propyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC): effects of the cross-linker and film composition on the permeation rate of p-hydroxyacetanilide as a model drug (2010)

Cross-linked films of gelatin (Gel), casein (Cas) and their (1:1, m/m) mixture (Gel/Cas) were studied in terms of their thermal, morphological and water absorption properties and the permeation profile of p-hydroxyacetanilide (p-HAA) as a model drug. The degrees of cross-linking by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) were 90.6% for Gel films and approximately 70% for Cas and Gel/Cas films. The totally soluble non cross-linked films achieved only 21 - 22% of solubility after cross-linking with EDC. Despite the high cross-linking degree, the swelling of Gel films (87.2%) was practically twice that determined for Gel/Cas and Cas films. The permeation rate of p-HAA followed the order Gel>Gel/Cas ≅ Cas for cross-linked films, which is consistent with the Gel film showing a greater swelling than the other two systems studied. Lower permeation rates were observed for Cas and Gel/Cas films, suggesting that these could be used as rate-controlling systems for drug permeation. For the different mathematical models applied, the systems studied did not show a good fit with the first-order equation and only a partial fit with the zero-order equation and Higuchi's model. However, good correlations (r² > 0.99) were obtained using the power law equation (n = 0.70 - 0.87), indicating that the p-HAA permeation through the films was mainly controlled by a diffusion mechanism.
Effects of ANP-(95-126) in dogs before and after induction of heart failure (1990)

In conscious dogs with and without congestive heart failure, we investigated hemodynamic, hormonal, and renal effects of a new natriuretic peptide [ANP-(95-126)]. Unlike ANP-(99-126), which is secreted in the heart and rapidly inactivated in the kidney, ANP-(95-126) most likely originates from the kidney and is not destroyed by proteolysis in membrane preparations of kidney cortex. In healthy animals intravenous ANP-(95-126) significantly decreased mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume, and right atrial pressure and increased heart rate without changing mean pulmonary arterial pressure and total peripheral vascular resistance. In dogs with congestive heart failure, ANP-(95-126) showed no effects on mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume, and peripheral vascular resistance but reduced right atrial pressure and pulmonary arterial pressure. Both, in dogs before and after the induction of heart failure, the new peptide led to a significant increase of urine flow and sodium and chloride excretion. In healthy dogs there were indirect indications for a small inhibitory effect on renin and aldosterone secretion. Thus, in contrast to the considerable attenuation of renal effects of ANP-(99-126) in heart failure, the efficacy of ANP-(95-126) on renal excretory function is well preserved, which may be because of the lack of proteolytic degradation in the kidney. These results suggest that ANP-(95-126) may have clinical implications for the treatment of patients with congestive heart failure.
Determining Interbrand Substitutability through Survey Measurement of Consumer Preference Structures (1991)

The authors develop a survey approach to determine cross-price elasticities and switching matrices for brands in a prespecified product class. The survey determines for each household whether to elicit multiple subhousehold preference structures to account for differing user/usage situations within the household. The preference structures (brand preferences and price-preference tradeoffs) obtained are used to specify preference functions and estimate choice probabilities. The choice probabilities depend on brand prices and form the basis for obtaining market-level cross-price elasticities and switching matrices by aggregation. The survey-based results are found to be predictive of the actual purchase behavior of 2000 IRI scanner panel households residing in the same area as, but not included in, the survey sample.
Electron-beam tube with a laser screen (1974)

A description is given of the construction of an electron-beam tube with a screen made of a single-crystal semiconductor wafer in which laser radiation is excited by the electron beam. The electron-optics system, construction, and principal characteristics of this tube are described. A tube of this kind can be used in optical memory devices, color projection television, and high-speed oscillography.
An Intracellular Calcium Signal Activates p70 but Not p90 Ribosomal S6 Kinase in Liver Epithelial Cells (1997)

In the rat liver epithelial cell lines GN4 and WB, angiotensin II (Ang II) activates the Gq class of regulatory G-proteins, increasing intracellular calcium, protein kinase C activity, and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. We compared the ability of Ang II and other compounds that increase intracellular calcium (i.e. the calcium ionophore A23187 and thapsigargin) or protein kinase C activity (the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) to activate p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (p70(S6K)) and p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (p90(RSK)). In GN4 cells, increasing intracellular calcium stimulated p70(S6K) activity in a rapamycin- and wortmannin- sensitive manner, but did not affect p90(RSK) activity. In contrast, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate strongly activated p90(RSK) but only weakly stimulated p70(S6K). The ability of calcium to activate p70(S6K) was confirmed by blocking the A23187-dependent activation through chelation of extracellular calcium with EGTA; the effect of thapsigargin was inhibited by the cell permeant chelator bis-(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetraacetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM). Similarly, BAPTA-AM prevented the activation of p70(S6K) by Ang II, suggesting that this signal was largely calcium-dependent. In contrast, the Ang II-dependent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and p90(RSK) was not inhibited but was enhanced by BAPTA-AM. These results show that in GN4 cells, Ang II selectively activates p70(S6K) through effects on calcium, p90(RSK) through effects on protein kinase C. The activation of p70(S6K) by calcium stimuli or Ang II was independent of calmodulin but correlated well with the activation of the recently identified, nonreceptor calcium-dependent tyrosine kinase (CADTK)/PYK-2. Both calcium- and Ang II-dependent activation of p70(S6K) were attenuated by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein, and activation of p70(S6K) was higher in GN4 than WB cells, correlating with the increased expression and activation of CADTK/PYK-2 in GN4 cells. In summary, these results demonstrate that intracellular calcium selectively activates p70(S6K) in GN4 cells, consistent with increased CADTK/PYK-2 signaling in these cells.
Multiple soliton self-frequency shift cancellations in a temporally tailored photonic crystal fiber (2014)

We report the generation of multiple soliton self-frequency shift cancellations in a temporally tailored tellurite photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The temporally regulated group velocity dispersion (GVD) is generated in the fiber by soliton induced optical Kerr effect. Two red-shifted dispersive waves spring up when two Raman solitons meet their own second zero-dispersion-wavelengths in the PCF. These results show how, through temporally tailored GVD, nonlinearities can be harnessed to generate unexpected effects.
Inheritance of the amount and distribution of human body fat. (1988)

Despite recent advances, controversy continues about the inheritance of the amount and distribution of body fat. We have studied the genetic and 'cultural' (nongenetic) transmission between generations of the body mass index, sum of six skinfold measurements, percentage of body fat, fat mass, fat-free mass, and two indicators of fat distribution. These data were obtained in 1698 members of 409 families, which included the following pairs of family members: spouses, (maximum number of pairs = 348), foster parent-adopted child (322), siblings by adoption (120), first-degree cousins (95), uncle/aunt-nephew/niece (88), parent-natural child (1239), full sibs (370), dizygotic twins (69), and monozygotic twins (87). The total transmissible variance ranged from about 40 percent for the amount of subcutaneous fat to 60 percent for the pattern of subcutaneous fat distribution. Biological inheritance accounted for only 5 percent of the variance for subcutaneous fat and the body mass index, but 20 to 30 percent for the percentage of body fat, fat mass, fat-free mass, and fat distribution. These data suggest that the amount of internal fat is influenced by heredity more than the amount of subcutaneous fat. Furthermore, we consistently found that nongenetic influences are quite important in determining the amount and distribution of body fat in the population. These estimates may differ in the subpopulation of obese individuals.
Pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for patients with PD-L1–positive advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: Update from the phase 3 KEYNOTE-062 trial. (2022)

243 Background: KEYNOTE-062 (NCT02494583) is a global phase 3 study of pembrolizumab (pembro) as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy (chemo) versus chemo as first-line therapy for PD-L1–positive (combined positive score [CPS] ≥1) advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. At the time of the protocol-specified final analysis, pembro was noninferior to chemo, with fewer adverse events (AEs) observed. Pembro or pembro + chemo was not superior to chemo for the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) end points tested. We present the results of KEYNOTE-062 after ̃25 additional months of follow-up (cutoff: April 19, 2021). Methods: Patients with previously untreated gastric or GEJ cancer were randomly assigned 1:1:1 to pembro 200 mg Q3W, pembro + chemo (cisplatin 80 mg/m 2 /day on day 1 + 5-FU 800 mg/m 2 /day on days 1-5 Q3W [or capecitabine 1000 mg/m 2 twice daily on days 1-14 Q3W per local guidelines]), or placebo Q3W + chemo. Primary end points were OS in the CPS ≥1 and CPS ≥10 populations for pembro + chemo versus chemo and pembro versus chemo and PFS (RECIST v1.1; central review) in the CPS ≥1 and CPS ≥10 populations for pembro + chemo versus chemo. Safety was also evaluated. Results: At the time of data cutoff, 689 of 763 patients (90.3%) had died. Median follow-up (defined as time from randomization to data cutoff) was 54.3 months (range, 46.8-66.1). Pembro was noninferior to chemo for OS in the CPS ≥1 population (median, 10.6 vs 11.1 months; HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.75-1.08) but had a clinically meaningful OS benefit in the CPS ≥10 population (median, 17.4 vs 10.8 months; HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.45-0.86). 24-month OS rates (pembro vs chemo) were 26.6% versus 18.8% in the CPS ≥1 population and 39.1% versus 21.1% in the CPS ≥10 population. Pembro + chemo was not superior to chemo for OS in the CPS ≥1 (median, 12.5 vs 11.1 months; HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.71-1.02) or the CPS ≥10 (median, 12.3 vs 10.8 months; HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.56-1.03) population. 24-month OS rates (pembro + chemo vs chemo) were 24.5% versus 18.8% in the CPS ≥1 population and 28.3% versus 21.1% in the CPS ≥10 population. Pembro + chemo did not significantly prolong PFS versus chemo in the CPS ≥1 (median, 6.9 vs 6.5 months; HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.70-1.01) or the CPS ≥10 (median, 5.8 vs 6.2 months; HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.52-0.96) population. Grade 3-5 treatment-related AEs rates were 17.3% (pembro), 73.2% (pembro + chemo), and 69.3% (chemo). Conclusions: After ̃25 additional months of follow-up, efficacy and safety outcomes with first-line pembro or pembro + chemo versus chemo in patients with gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma enrolled in KEYNOTE-062 were consistent with the final analysis data. Clinical trial information: NCT02494583.
J-CAR: An efficient joint channel assignment and routing protocol for IEEE 802.11-based multi-channel multi-interface mobile Ad Hoc networks (2009)

The capacity of an IEEE 802.11-based multi-hop wireless network is limited. By effectively utilizing multiple non-overlapping channels and multiple interfaces, collision and co-channel interference can be reduced. This allows more concurrent transmissions and thus enhances the network capacity. In this paper, we introduce an efficient distributed joint channel assignment and routing protocol, called J-CAR <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> . Unlike existing schemes, J-CAR allows a data interface to dynamically change its working mode between send and receive on a call-by-call basis, which enhances the utilization of both interface and channel. In J-CAR, channels are negotiated and assigned to active links in conjunction with the on-demand routing process. At each hop, J-CAR conducts a local optimization by selecting the least interfered channel according to the channel interference index. The channel interference index is designed by taking both the protocol and physical interference models into consideration. To find the least interfered path for network load balancing on a global scale, J-CAR employs a length-constrained widest-path routing. The “width” of a path is determined by the interference level of its bottleneck link. With an adjustable threshold on the path length (with respect to the shortest-path), the excessively long path can also be avoided. We show that with a comparable complexity as the existing schemes, J-CAR provides much higher system goodputs and shorter end-to-end packet delays.
Microneedling therapy in atrophic facial scars: An objective assessment (2009)

Microneedling therapy seems to be a simple and effective treatment option for the management of atrophic facial scars.
Mathematical Logic (1951)

W. V. Quine's systematic development of mathematical logic has been widely praised for the new material presented and for the clarity of its exposition. This revised edition, in which the minor inconsistencies observed since its first publication have been eliminated, will be welcomed by all students and teachers in mathematics and philosophy who are seriously concerned with modern logic. Max Black, in Mind, has said of this book, "It will serve the purpose of inculcating, by precept and example, standards of clarity and precision which are, even in formal logic, more often pursued than achieved."
Inhibition of adenosine deaminase by erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (EHNA) mimics the effect of inescapable shock on escape learning in rats. (1998)

Three experiments examined the role of adenosine neuroregulation in the production of shuttle-escape deficits caused by prior exposure to inescapable electric shock in rats (learned helplessness). Intracerebroventricular administration of erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (EHNA), a selective adenosine deaminase inhibitor, mimicked the effect of earlier inescapable shock at a dose of 2.5 microM in previously restrained rats. Performance deficits produced by EHNA or by earlier exposure to inescapable shock were reversed by intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg caffeine, an adenosine receptor antagonist. Finally, preexposure to an ineffective number of shocks interacted in synergy with an ineffective pretest dose (1.0 microM) of EHNA to maximize shuttle-escape latencies. These data implicate endogenous adenosine neuroregulation as a proximate mechanism in learned helplessness and conservation-withdrawal.
Motivations et freins à l'engagement bénévole (2014)

Lettre 4 pages diffusée aux membres du Crédit Mutuel et ses partenaires associatifs