gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Receptor‐mediated control of regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and apoptotic volume decrease (AVD) (2001)

A fundamental property of animal cells is the ability to regulate their own cell volume. Even under hypotonic stress imposed by either decreased extracellular or increased intracellular osmolarity, the cells can re-adjust their volume after transient osmotic swelling by a mechanism known as regulatory volume decrease (RVD). In most cell types, RVD is accomplished mainly by KCl efflux induced by parallel activation of K+ and Cl- channels. We have studied the molecular mechanism of RVD in a human epithelial cell line (Intestine 407). Osmotic swelling results in a significant increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and thereby activates intermediate-conductance Ca2+-dependent K+ (IK) channels. Osmotic swelling also induces ATP release from the cells to the extracellular compartment. Released ATP stimulates purinergic ATP (P2Y2) receptors, thereby inducing phospholipase C-mediated Ca2+ mobilization. Thus, RVD is facilitated by stimulation of P2Y2 receptors due to augmentation of IK channels. In contrast, stimulation of another G protein-coupled Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaR) enhances the activity of volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying Cl- channels, thereby facilitating RVD. Therefore, it is possible that Ca2+ efflux stimulated by swelling-induced and P2Y2 receptor-mediated intracellular Ca2+ mobilization activates the CaR, thereby secondarily upregulating the volume-regulatory Cl- conductance. On the other hand, the initial process towards apoptotic cell death is coupled to normotonic cell shrinkage, called apoptotic volume decrease (AVD). Stimulation of death receptors, such as TNF receptor and Fas, induces AVD and thereafter biochemical apoptotic events in human lymphoid (U937), human epithelial (HeLa), mouse neuroblastoma x rat glioma hybrid (NG108-15) and rat phaeochromocytoma (PC12) cells. In those cells exhibiting AVD, facilitation of RVD is always observed. Both AVD induction and RVD facilitation as well as succeeding apoptotic events can be abolished by prior treatment with a blocker of volume-regulatory K+ or Cl- channels, suggesting that AVD is caused by normotonic activation of ion channels that are normally involved in RVD under hypotonic conditions. Therefore, it is likely that G protein-coupled receptors involved in RVD regulation and death receptors triggering AVD may share common downstream signals which should give us key clues to the detailed mechanisms of volume regulation and survival of animal cells. In this Topical Review, we look at the physiological ionic mechanisms of cell volume regulation and cell death-associated volume changes from the facet of receptor-mediated cellular processes.
[Clinical analysis of ovarian and cervical malignant lymphoma]. (1994)

From Oct. 1980 to Oct. 1990, 456 cases with ovarian malignant tumor and 1,281 cases with cervical malignant tumor were admitted in our hospital. Among them, 7 were ovarian lymphoma and 3 were cervical lymphoma, accounting for 1.5% and 0.23% of ovarian and cervical malignant tumors respectively. According to the standard set up by Foxs, 5 were primary and 5 were metastatic in 10 lymphoma cases. Ovarian and cervical lymphoma were few, the primary cases were fewer. But its prognosis was better than the metastatic cases. The prognosis varied with the stages, the more advanced clinical stage, the high worse prognosis. The following condition indicates poor prognosis: rapid onset of abdominal symptoms; the presence of systemic symptoms; bone marrow infiltration; bilateral ovarian tumors; noncleaved cell pattern and cleaved-noncleaved cell mixture pattern; only treated with chemotherapy. Surgery was the first choice in the treatment of lymphoma. The typical operation on ovarian lymphoma was total hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy and omentectomy. The cytoreductive surgery which was used to advanced ovarian cancer was also proper for lymphoma, leaving the remained tumor 2cm in diameter, followed by introperitoneal and intravenous chemotherapy. The chemotherapy method was COP or COHP regimen. The treatment of primary cervical lymphoma was radical hysterectomy and pelvic paraaorta abdominal lymphodenectomy or radiotherapy. It seems that lymphoma was highly sensitive to radiotherapy. But radiotherapy was not proper for the metastatic cases because the affected areas were large. SLDH elevated in 5 cases of the 6 cases. It suggested that SLDH can serve as relative indicator for the diagnosis and prognosis of lymphoma.
Integrated Chirped Bragg Gratings on Deeply Etched Tapered III-V Waveguides (2007)

Novel tapered deeply etched chirped Bragg grating devices are presented. Arbitrary chirp and coupling coefficient profiles may be implemented and fabricated fully post-growth. Simulation and experimental results are presented for passive gratings and DFB lasers.
An all-optical locking of a semiconductor laser to the atomic resonance line with 1 MHz accuracy (2013)

An all-optical locking technique without extra electrical feedback control system for a semiconductor laser has been used in stabilizing the laser frequency to a hyperfine crossover transition of 87Rb 5(2)S(1/2), F = 2 → 5(2)P(3/2), F' = 2, 3 with 1 MHz level accuracy. The optical feedback signal is generated from the narrow-band Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) with nonlinear saturation effect. The peak transmission of the narrow-band FADOF corresponding to 5(2)S(1/2), F = 2 → 5(2)P(3/2), F' = 2, 3 crossover transition is 18.6 %. The bandwidth is as wide as 38.9 MHz as the laser frequency changes. After locking, the laser frequency fluctuation is reduced to 1.7 MHz. The all-optical laser locking technique can be improved to much higher accuracy with increased external cavity length. The laser we have realized can provide light exactly resonant with atomic transitions used for other atom-light interaction experiments.
Radiotherapy, toxicity and dosimetry of copper-64-TETA-octreotide in tumor-bearing rats. (1998)

Copper-64-TETA-octreotide is a promising radiopharmaceutical for targeted radiotherapy of somatostatin receptor-positive tumors.
Endothelial dysfunction in patients with chest pain and normal coronary arteries. (1992)

Patients with chest pain, normal epicardial coronary arteries, and reduced vasodilation in response to atrial pacing appear to have associated endothelial dysfunction of the coronary microvasculature. Thus, microvascular endothelial dysfunction may contribute to the reduced vasodilator reserve with atrial pacing and anginal chest pain in these patients.
Safety-Critical Communication in Avionics (2006)

The aircraft of today use electrical fly-by-wire systems for manoeuvring. These safety-critical distributed systems are called flight control systems and put high requirements on the communication networks that interconnect the parts of the systems. Reliability, predictability, flexibility, low weight and cost are important factors that all need to be taken in to consideration when designing a safety-critical communication system. In this thesis certification issues, requirements in avionics, fault management, protocols and topologies for safety-critical communication systems in avionics are discussed and investigated. The protocols that are investigated in this thesis are: TTP/C, FlexRay and AFDX, as a reference protocol MIL-STD-1553 is used. As reference architecture analogue point-to-point is used. The protocols are described and evaluated regarding features such as services, maturity, supported physical layers and topologies.Pros and cons with each protocol are then illustrated by a theoretical implementation of a flight control system that uses each protocol for the highly critical communication between sensors, actuators and flight computers.The results show that from a theoretical point of view TTP/C could be used as a replacement for a point-to-point flight control system. However, there are a number of issues regarding the physical layer that needs to be examined. Finally a TTP/C cluster has been implemented and basic functionality tests have been conducted. The plan was to perform tests on delays, start-up time and reintegration time but the time to acquire the proper hardware for these tests exceeded the time for the thesis work. More advanced testing will be continued here at Saab beyond the time frame of this thesis.
nLSALog: An Anomaly Detection Framework for Log Sequence in Security Management (2019)

For the security defense in the current Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), malware is often used as the security analysis data source, but only the known attack type can be detected. A general anomaly detection framework is proposed, using log data as the analysis data source. By modeling the log template sequence as a natural language sequence and using the stacked Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) with self-attention mechanism, the framework can effectively extract the hidden pattern of the log template sequence, and well express the dependencies inside the log template sequence. The experimental results show that the overall accuracy of log sequence anomaly detection of the detection framework is better than that of existing methods and the time cost is lower.
Channel Estimation and Passive Beamforming for Intelligent Reflecting Surface: Discrete Phase Shift and Progressive Refinement (2020)

Prior studies on intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) have mostly assumed perfect channel state information (CSI) available for designing the IRS passive beamforming as well as the continuously adjustable phase shift at each of its reflecting elements, which, however, have simplified two challenging issues for implementing IRS in practice, namely, its channel estimation and passive beamforming designs both under the constraint of discrete phase shifts. To address them, we consider in this paper an IRS-aided single-user communication system and design the IRS training reflection matrix for channel estimation as well as the passive beamforming for data transmission, both subject to the new constraint of discrete phase shifts. We show that the training reflection matrix design with discrete phase shifts greatly differs from that with continuous phase shifts, and the corresponding passive beamforming design should take into account the correlated IRS channel estimation errors due to discrete phase shifts. Moreover, a novel hierarchical training reflection design is proposed to progressively estimate IRS elements' channels over multiple time blocks by exploiting the IRS-elements grouping and partition. Based on the resolved IRS channels in each block, we further design the progressive passive beamforming at the IRS with discrete phase shifts to improve the achievable rate for data transmission over the blocks. Extensive numerical results are presented, which demonstrate the significant performance improvement of proposed channel estimation and passive beamforming designs as compared to various benchmark schemes.
The Expression of Neuronal Specific Transcription Factor DAT1 (2005)

The bioinformatics analysis,cell culture and RT-PCR are used to examin e the expression of neuronal specific transcription factor DAT1mRNA in the main tissues of the mice an d the carcinoma of neural sys-tem.Using bioinformatics analysis,it was found that homologous EST and SAGE tag of DAT1mainly distribute in fetal brain,brain,glioma,lung a nd carcinoid of lung.RT-PCR showed t hat DAT1expressed in mice brain,hu-man glioma cells and neuroblastoma c ells,but not detected in other mice t issue and glial cells(C8cells).LIM protein plays an important role in cell differentiation,development re gulation and oncogenesis.Being a LI M pro-tein,the special limited expressio n in CNS and a high level expression in tumor of neural system of DAT1indi-cated that it has an important role in CNS and it may contribute to oncogenesis of neural system,such as glioma.
Quantification of antagonist muscle coactivation in children with spastic diplegia (1998)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of the Pearson Product-Moment correlation coefficient to quantify muscle coactivation using electromyography. The subjects were two children with spastic diplegia. Surface electrodes were used to record muscle activity from the soleus and tibialis anterior muscles during voluntary attempts at dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the ankle against resistance. The linear envelope signals were smoothed with a Hamming filter at a cutoff frequency of 4 Hz and intervals of the resultant pairs of curves subjected to the PPM test. Both subjects demonstrated significant coactivation on their right side and independent activity on the left, indicated by high positive and negative coefficients, respectively. This method shows promise for description of side differences in diplegics and for assessing the effects of physical therapy and other interventions.
Genetic algorithms in musical style oriented generation (2002)

Several different approaches have been used to explore style oriented music generation. We describe a system where music generating functions are automatically produced with help of genetic algorithms. Genetic algorithms are search and machine learning procedures that are based on natural selection. Genetic algorithms such as any other algorithms can be used to produce musical output. There are few basic approaches when using genetic algorithms: they can be used as an optimising method to solve complex parameterised and/or rule based problems. Genetic algorithms are also widely used on solving problems by generating functions that will perform the selected task the most effectively. This concept is explored in this contribution.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Expression, Purification, and Characterization of HMWP2, a 229 kDa, Six Domain Protein Subunit of Yersiniabactin Synthetase (2000)

The six domain, 229 kDa HMWP2 subunit of the Yersinia pestis yersiniabactin (Ybt) synthetase has been expressed in soluble, full-length form in E. coli as a C-terminal His8 construct at low growth temperatures and with attenuated induction. All six domains of this nonribosomal peptide synthetase subunit, three phosphopantetheinylatable carrier protein domains (ArCP, PCP1, PCP2), one adenylation (A) domain, and two cyclization domains (Cy1, Cy2), have been assayed and are functional. Mutants that convert the phosphopantetheinylatable serine residue to alanine in each of the carrier protein domains accumulate acyl-S-enzyme intermediates upstream of the blocked apo carrier protein site. The ArCP mutant cannot be salicylated by the adenylation protein YbtE; the PCP1 mutant releases salicyl-cysteine from thiolysis of the Sal-S-ArCP intermediate; and the PCP2 mutant releases hydroxyphenyl-thiazolinyl-cysteine from the HPT-S-PCP1 acyl enzyme intermediate, all of which demonstrates processivity and directionality of chain growth. Restoration of the ArCP mutant's function was accomplished with the native ArCP fragment added in trans. The wild-type HMWP2 subunit accumulates hydroxyphenyl-4, 2-bithiazolinyl-S-enzyme at its most downstream PCP2 carrier site, presumably for transfer to the next subunit, HMWP1. The A domain was found to activate and transfer to PCP1 and PCP2 not only the natural L-Cys but also S-2-aminobutyrate, L-beta-chloroalanine, and L-Ser, enabling testing of the substrate specificity of the Cy domain. Probes of Cy domain function include mutagenesis of the Cy1 domain's conserved signature motif DX(4)DX(2)S to show that both D residues but not the S are crucial for both amide bond formation and heterocyclization. Also the Cy1 domain would accept an alternate upstream electrophilic donor substrate (2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl-S-ArCP) but would not process any of the three alternate downstream nucleophilic acceptors in place of Cys-S-PCP1, even for the amide bond-forming step in chain elongation.
A glycine-specific N-degron pathway mediates the quality control of protein <i>N</i> -myristoylation (2019)

The N-terminal residue influences protein stability through N-degron pathways. We used stability profiling of the human N-terminome to uncover multiple additional features of N-degron pathways. In addition to uncovering extended specificities of UBR E3 ligases, we characterized two related Cullin-RING E3 ligase complexes, Cul2<sup>ZYG11B</sup> and Cul2<sup>ZER1</sup>, that act redundantly to target N-terminal glycine. N-terminal glycine degrons are depleted at native N-termini but strongly enriched at caspase cleavage sites, suggesting roles for the substrate adaptors ZYG11B and ZER1 in protein degradation during apoptosis. Furthermore, ZYG11B and ZER1 were found to participate in the quality control of <i>N</i>-myristoylated proteins, in which N-terminal glycine degrons are conditionally exposed after a failure of <i>N</i>-myristoylation. Thus, an additional N-degron pathway specific for glycine regulates the stability of metazoan proteomes.
Osteoblasts are target cells for transformation in c-fos transgenic mice (1993)

We have generated transgenic mice expressing the proto-oncogene c-fos from an H-2Kb class I MHC promoter as a tool to identify and isolate cell populations which are sensitive to altered levels of Fos protein. All homozygous H2-c-fosLTR mice develop osteosarcomas with a short latency period. This phenotype is specific for c-fos as transgenic mice expressing the fos- and jun-related genes, fosB and c-jun, from the same regulatory elements do not develop any pathology despite high expression in bone tissues. The c-fos transgene is not expressed during embryogenesis but is expressed after birth in bone tissues before the onset of tumor formation, specifically in putative preosteoblasts, bone-forming osteoblasts, osteocytes, as well as in osteoblastic cells present within the tumors. Primary and clonal cell lines established from c-fos-induced tumors expressed high levels of exogenous c-fos as well as the bone cell marker genes, type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase, and osteopontin/2ar. In contrast, osteocalcin/BGP expression was either low or absent. All cell lines were tumorigenic in vivo, some of which gave rise to osteosarcomas, expressing exogenous c-fos mRNA, and Fos protein in osteoblastic cells. Detailed analysis of one osteogenic cell line, P1, and several P1-derived clonal cell lines indicated that bone-forming osteoblastic cells were transformed by Fos. The regulation of osteocalcin/BGP and alkaline phosphatase gene expression by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was abrogated in P1-derived clonal cells, whereas glucocorticoid responsiveness was unaltered. These results suggest that high levels of Fos perturb the normal growth control of osteoblastic cells and exert specific effects on the expression of the osteoblast phenotype.
Efficacy and Adverse Events of Carboplatin Desensitisation Therapy for Gynaecological Cancer: A Retrospective Study (2022)

Carboplatin desensitisation was beneficial in patients with a history of carboplatin-induced hypersensitivity reactions.
A Dual Camera System for High Spatiotemporal Resolution Video Acquisition (2019)

This paper presents a dual camera system for high spatiotemporal resolution (HSTR) video acquisition, where one camera shoots a video with high spatial resolution and low frame rate (HSR-LFR) and another one captures a low spatial resolution and high frame rate (LSR-HFR) video. Our main goal is to combine videos from LSR-HFR and HSR-LFR cameras to create an HSTR video. We propose an end-to-end learning framework, AWnet, mainly consisting of a FlowNet and a FusionNet that learn an adaptive weighting function in pixel domain to combine inputs in a frame recurrent fashion. To improve the reconstruction quality for cameras used in reality, we also introduce noise regularization under the same framework. Our method has demonstrated noticeable performance gains in terms of both objective PSNR measurement in simulation with different publicly available video and light-field datasets and subjective evaluation with real data captured by dual iPhone 7 and Grasshopper3 cameras. Ablation studies are further conducted to investigate and explore various aspects (such as reference structure, camera parallax, exposure time, etc) of our system to fully understand its capability for potential applications.
Bioavailability of ibuprofen following oral administration of standard ibuprofen, sodium ibuprofen or ibuprofen acid incorporating poloxamer in healthy volunteers (2009)

In terms of Tmax, ibuprofen formulated as a sodium salt was absorbed twice as quickly as from standard ibuprofen acid. The addition of poloxamer to ibuprofen acid did not significantly affect absorption.
3D reconstruction using Kinect v2 camera (2016)

Kinect is an easy to use and a ordable RGB-D acquisition device that provides both spatial and color information for captured pixels. That makes it an attractive alternative to regular 3D scanning devices that usually cost signi cantly more and do not provide color info. Second generation of Kinect (v2) provides even better quality depth and color\nimages to user.\nThis thesis describes and implements method for 3D reconstruction using Kinect v2. Method suitability for various objects is tested and analyzed. In most circumstances the method provided satisfactory reconstructions unless very high resolution is desired. However some limitation were observed. Reflective and transparent surfaces cause failure due to depth capturing technology in Kinect v2, symmetric objects cause problems for described frame registration algorithm. For better understanding, Kinect v2 depth measuring process is described.
Experimental and epidemiological estimation of seasonal and climato-geographical features of non-specific resistance of the organism to influenza. (1977)

One and the same series of live influenza vaccine from the strains B/Dushanbe/66 and B/Leningrad/67 or A2/Moscow/21/65 administered intranasally to non-immune persons in Leningrad and 'krasnodar in winter caused an increase in body temperature in 6.7-8% of vaccinated subjects, but in summer in 0.8%. In the transitional seasons of the year (in May and in October), 6.3-16.8% of reactions were observed in Murmansk and 0.1% in Krasnodar. An increase in antibodies in the vaccinated in Leningrad and Arkhangelsk in winter was observed 1.5 times more frequently than in summer. In Krasnodar, seroconversion occurred in only 5.7% in May and october, but in 31.3% in January; in Murmansk in 41.2-48% in May and in 75.6-78.8% in October. The seasonal as well as latitudinal and climatic differences in reactogenicity and antigenic activity of the vaccine can be explained by seasonal oscillations in non-specific resistance of people of influenza viruses. The importance of this factor in the mechanism of seasonal occurrence of influenza is discussed.
A novel control method for forced commutated cycloconverters using instantaneous values of input line-to-line voltages (1991)

The authors present a novel control method for forced commutated cycloconverters (PWM cycloconverters). Using this control method the sinusoidal input and output current waveforms and the unity input displacement factor can be obtained. Moreover, the compensation of the asymmetrical and/or harmonic contaminated input source voltages is easily realized. This control method allows the input displacement factor not to be controllable, but to be fixed at approximately unity. Since a unity input displacement factor is desirable for motordrive use for the PWM cycloconverters, this constraint is not a new obstacle. Feasibility of the proposed control method is verified by simulations and experiments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>