gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Eustachian Tube Obstruction After Intranasal Challenge With House Dust Mite (1986)

Past studies have shown that provocative intranasal pollen challenge in allergic subjects results in signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis, nasal obstruction, and eustachian tube obstruction. The study presented herein extends these observations to challenges with a perennial antigen, house dust mite. Twenty-three adult volunteers with confirmed sensitivity to Dermatophagoides farinae were challenged by intranasal inhalation of antigen in doses that were incremented from 0.5 to 10.0 mg. Eustachian tube function by the nine-step pressure-swallow test and nasal airway resistance by anterior rhinomanometry were evaluated before and after challenge. Twenty-two of the 40 ears showing normal tubal function before challenge were abnormal after challenge. Sixteen of the 23 subjects developed a nasal obstruction after challenge. The median specific serum IgE antibody titer for those individuals responding to the challenge was significantly greater than that of the individuals exhibiting no response. These results show that intranasal challenge with D farinae can provoke immune-mediated nasal obstruction and eustachian tube dysfunction in sensitized subjects.
Two-Dimensional Human Tracking using a Three-Element Doppler and Direction-of-Arrival (DDOA) Radar (2006)

We investigate the use of a low-cost, three-element receiving array for two-dimensional direction-of-arrival (DOA) sensing of multiple movers. The concept entails resolving the Doppler frequencies of the returned signals from the moving targets, and then measuring the phase difference at each Doppler frequency component to calculate the DOA of the targets. The three-element receiving array is configured to provide simultaneous DOA measurements in both the azimuth and elevation planes. An experimental system is constructed to test the concept and measurement results of multiple movers are presented.
Improving Bi-directional Generation between Different Modalities with Variational Autoencoders (2018)

We investigate deep generative models that can exchange multiple modalities bi-directionally, e.g., generating images from corresponding texts and vice versa. A major approach to achieve this objective is to train a model that integrates all the information of different modalities into a joint representation and then to generate one modality from the corresponding other modality via this joint representation. We simply applied this approach to variational autoencoders (VAEs), which we call a joint multimodal variational autoencoder (JMVAE). However, we found that when this model attempts to generate a large dimensional modality missing at the input, the joint representation collapses and this modality cannot be generated successfully. Furthermore, we confirmed that this difficulty cannot be resolved even using a known solution. Therefore, in this study, we propose two models to prevent this difficulty: JMVAE-kl and JMVAE-h. Results of our experiments demonstrate that these methods can prevent the difficulty above and that they generate modalities bi-directionally with equal or higher likelihood than conventional VAE methods, which generate in only one direction. Moreover, we confirm that these methods can obtain the joint representation appropriately, so that they can generate various variations of modality by moving over the joint representation or changing the value of another modality.
Retinal thickness study with optical coherence tomography in patients with diabetes. (2002)

These results suggest that foveal thickening over 180 microm measured by OCT may be useful for the early detection of macular thickening and may be an indicator for a closer follow-up of the patient with diabetes.
Primary structure of an N-glycosidic carbohydrate unit derived from Sophora japonica lectin (1987)

The lectin isolated from Sophora japonica seeds is a glycoprotein which binds oligosaccharides with non-reducing terminal Gal beta(1----3/4)GlcNac beta 1----units. The carbohydrate moiety of the lectin is composed of fucose, xylose, mannose and N-acetylglucosamine. The major glycopeptide of the lectin, prepared by pronase digestion, was derivatized with fluorescein isothiocyanate, purified by PAGE and examined by exoglycosidase digestion as well as purified by gel filtration through Bio-Gel P6-DG and investigated by methylation analysis and 400-MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The primary structure of the glycopeptide was established to be as follows. (Formula: see text). Structures similar to this containing a (beta 1-2)xylosyl substituent on the core beta-mannosyl residue and an inner core (alpha 1-3)fucosyl substituent seem to occur frequently in plant glycoproteins.
Performance of multi-process and multi-thread processing on multi-core SMT processors (2010)

Many modern high-performance processors support multiple hardware threads in the form of multiple cores and SMT (Simultaneous Multi-Threading). Hence achieving good performance scalability of programs with respect to the numbers of cores (core scalability) and SMT threads in one core (SMT scalability) is critical. To identify a way to achieve higher performance on the multi-core SMT processors, this paper compares the performance scalability with two parallelization models (using multiple processes and using multiple threads in one process) on two types of hardware parallelism (core scalability and SMT scalability). We tested standard Java benchmarks and a real-world server program written in PHP on two platforms, Sun's UltraSPARC T1 (Niagara) processor and Intel's Xeon (Nehalem) processor. We show that the multi-thread model achieves better SMT scalability compared to the multi-process model by reducing the number of cache misses and DTLB misses. However both models achieve roughly equal core scalability. We show that the multi-thread model generates up to 7.4 times more DTLB misses than the multi-process model when multiple cores are used. To take advantage of the both models, we implemented a memory allocator for a PHP runtime to reduce DTLB misses on multi-core SMT processors. The allocator is aware of the core that is running each software thread and allocates memory blocks from same memory page for each processor core. When using all of the hardware threads on a Niagara, the core-aware allocator reduces the DTLB misses by 46.7% compared to the default allocator, and it improves the performance by 3.0%.
Fractal network dimension and viscoelastic powerlaw behavior: II. An experimental study of structure-mimicking phantoms by magnetic resonance elastography (2012)

The dynamics of the complex shear modulus, G*, of soft biological tissue is governed by the rigidity and topology of multiscale mechanical networks. Multifrequency elastography can measure the frequency dependence of G* in soft biological tissue, providing information about the structure of tissue networks at multiple scales. In this study, the viscoelastic properties of structure-mimicking phantoms containing tangled paper stripes embedded in agarose gel are investigated by multifrequency magnetic resonance elastography within the dynamic range of 40–120 Hz. The effective media viscoelastic properties are analyzed in terms of the storage modulus (the real part of G*), the loss modulus (the imaginary part of G*) and the viscoelastic powerlaw given by the two-parameter springpot model. Furthermore, diffusion tensor imaging is used for investigating the effect of network structures on water mobility. The following observations were made: the random paper networks with fractal dimensions between 2.481 and 2.755 had no or minor effects on the storage modulus, whereas the loss modulus was significantly increased about 2.2 kPa per fractal dimension unit (R = 0.962, P < 0.01). This structural sensitivity of the loss modulus was significantly correlated with the springpot powerlaw exponent (0.965, P < 0.01), while for the springpot elasticity modulus, a trend was discernable (0.895, P < 0.05). No effect of the paper network on water diffusion was observed. The gel phantoms with embedded paper stripes presented here are a feasible way for experimentally studying the effect of network topology on soft-tissue viscoelastic parameters. In the dynamic range of in vivo elastography, the fractal network dimension primarily correlates to the loss behavior of soft tissue as can be seen from the loss modulus or the powerlaw exponent of the springpot model. These findings represent the experimental underpinning of structure-sensitive elastography for an improved characterization of various soft-tissue diseases.
Cellular Encapsulation by Silica CVD: 'Artificial Biofilms' in Microbial Fuel Cells (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Influence of Dissolution Medium Agitation on Release Profiles of Sustained-Release Tablets (2001)

Reaching nearly perfect sink conditions is very important in the determination of drug dissolution rates. Many times, the only factor that is taken into consideration in achieving sink conditions is the relation between the drug concentration and its solubility. The analytical conditions of the dissolution assay, as well as the dissolution apparatus, stirring speed, and nature and volume of the dissolution fluid may also influence the dissolution results. The main objective of this work was to study the influence of the stirring rate conditions and of the dissolution apparatus in the diltiazem hydrochloride release from tablets. Diltiazem hydrochloride sustained-release (SR) tablets were tested and the follow ing dissolution parameters were evaluated: t10%, t25%, t50%, dissolution time, mean dissolution time (MDT), and dissolution efficiency (DE) at t120, and at t360. To analyze the release mechanism, several release models were tested, such as Higuchi, zero order, first order, Baker-Lonsdale, Hixson-Crowell, Weibull, and Korsmeyer-Peppas. The similarities between two in vitro dissolution profiles were assessed by the similarity factor f2. The in vitro release kinetics of diltiazem hydrochloride sustained-release tablets were evaluated using the USP 2 (paddle) and USP 4 (flow-through) apparatus.
String-oriented databases (2003)

Relational databases and Datalog view each attribute as indivisible. This view, though useful in several applications, does not provide a suitable database paradigm for use in genetic, multimedia or scientific databases. Data in these applications are unstructured; querying on sub-strings of attribute values is often necessary. Moreover due to imprecision and incompleteness in the data, approximate reasoning also becomes indispensable. Our aim is to view strings as database objects that can be compared, divided, subsumed, interpreted and approximated. Allowing such operations on strings enriches the semantics and increases the expressive power of database languages. We develop an extension to the relational algebra, augmenting it with the concept of a string expression with a rich structure of string variables, mapping functions, interpreted string operations and approximate evaluations. We study properties of such expressions and show that many of the well-known properties of relational algebra hold in the extension. We also discuss an extension to Datalog(String) and an implementation of a prototype system called S-log. S-log integrates pattern matching in Datalog framework. We contend that string oriented database systems would be useful in applications that require efficient sub-structure analysis, such as aligning DNA strings using motifs, retrieving and synthesizing iconic images based on content.
Interfacial Shear and Peel Stresses in Multilayered Thin Stacks Subjected to Uniform Thermal Loading (1991)

An analytical approach has been developed to evaluate the interfacial shear and peel stresses in multilayered thin stacks subjected to uniform temperature variation. The approach, which is based on an extension of Suhir’s bimetal thermostat model, provides a system of coupled linear second order differential equations used in solving for the interfacial stresses. Once these stresses have been determined, the normal stress in each layer and the deflection of the stack can be readily obtained. Two numerical examples are used to demonstrate the capability of the approach. The first example deals with a five-layered symmetric double-shear solder joint. The results are compared to a nonsymmetric three-layered solder joint to study the effect of bending and the interactions of material properties. One of the interesting features observed is that the maximum interfacial shear stress does not necessarily occur at the edge. The other numerical example is a four-layered transistor stack mounted on a substrate. The structural behavior is analyzed, and the effect of geometric dimension is examined. The present approach is shown to provide more accurate results than those of others based on the same assumptions. In addition, applications of the approach to more general stack configurations are also discussed.
Theory and analysis of flight structures (1969)

Theory and analysis of flight structures , Theory and analysis of flight structures , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Service Development using Fuzzy QFD in the banking industry (2015)

Purpose: This paper proposes a structured approach based on Quality Function Deployment (QFD) for service development in the banking industry.Methods: SERVQUAL is modified and adopted as a tool to understand customer requirements for the QFD. Fuzzy theory is used to resolve the subjectivity and ambiguity of customer requirements and satisfaction. This research also uses the importance- satisfaction model to construct an additional House of Quality (HOQ). A pair of houses of quality provides a confluence of results to avoid a risk of depending solely on the results of a single HOQ.Results: A case study is introduced with three domestic banks.Conclusion: The proposed approach effectively addresses a service development problem.
Bring the Sunshine Indoors: Easy Dosimetry for Indoor Daylight Photodynamic Therapy (2019)

Daylight photodynamic therapy (DPDT) is an effective and patient preferred treatment for the management of field change actinic keratosis. An important factor in DPDT is light dosimetry, to ensure that patients receive sufficient daylight for effective treatment, and this is the focus of the contribution to this issue by (La Rochelle et al. [2019] Photochem. Photobiol., https://doi.org/10.1111/php.13170). In this work, the authors present an easy-to-use method for obtaining real-time information about patient received light dose during treatment and for determining indoor locations best suited to DPDT.
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE LETHAL EFFECTS OF VARIOUS CHEMICALS AGAINST THE FREE‐LIVING STAGES OF SCLEROSTOMES (NEMATODA)* (1952)

After the discovery of the life history of the hookworms of man, control measures included the treatment of night-soil with various readily available chemicals, such as sodium chloride, ammonium sulphate, sodium nitrate, other fertilizers, and with urine to kill the eggs and free-feeding larvae.
UML-based reverse engineering and model analysis approaches for software architecture maintenance (2004)

This paper proposes a UML-based software maintenance process. The process is guided by architectural descriptions and existing architectural models. The descriptions are given as variants of UML profiles describing the styles and rules relevant for a particular application domain. A reverse engineering subprocess, combining top-down and bottom-up reverse engineering activities, aims at constructing the architectural models. Resulting models are investigated in a model analysis subprocess. The models are checked against the profiles to find violations against the given architectural rules when maintaining and developing the subject system, and they are further analyzed using a set of UML model processing operations. The proposed approach is applied for maintaining a large-scale product platform architecture and real-life product-line products built on top of this platform. The model analysis results of the case study are discussed.
Acute Respiratory Care in the Open Heart Surgery Patient (1972)

Respiratory complications are a common danger following open heart surgery. The vital role of a chest physical therapy program in acute respiratory care is described. Factors occurring before, during, and after surgery which contribute to postoperative pulmonary insufficiency are outlined. A comprehensive treatment program consisting of preoperative meeting with the patient, modified postural drainage, percussion and vibration, coughing, deep breathing exercises, and conditioning exercises is discussed. The physical therapist should become aware of the significance of a daily review of blood gas results, breath sounds, chest films, electrocardiograms, sputum, temperature charts, and breathing patterns. This information should be used to indicate specific treatment needs.
New anthracycline disaccharides. Synthesis of<scp>L</scp>-daunosaminyl-α(1 →4)-2-deoxy-<scp>L</scp>-rhamnosyl and of<scp>L</scp>-daunosaminyl-α(1 →4)-2-deoxy-<scp>L</scp>-fucosyl daunorubicin analogues (1996)

The synthesis of the new disaccharide anthracyclines 20, 21, 24 and 25, where the daunosamine moiety is separated from the aglycone by either a rhamnose or a fucose residue, performed following a convergent procedure, gives insight into the configurational requirement of the first sugar residue and opens the way to a new class of antitumour anthracyclines.
A Secure Test Wrapper Design Against Internal and Boundary Scan Attacks for Embedded Cores (2010)

This paper presents a secure test wrapper (STW) design that is compatible with the IEEE 1500 standard. STW protects not only internal scan chains but also primary inputs and outputs, which may contain critical information (such as encryption keys) during the system operation. To reduce the STW area, flip-flops in the wrapper boundary cells also serve as the LFSR to generate the golden key. Experimental results on an AES core show that STW provides very high security at the price of only 5% area overhead with respect to the original IEEE 1500 test wrapper.
Genetic Transformation of Rice: Problems, Progress and Prospects (2014)

Plant genetic engineering has become one of the most important molecular tools in the modern molecular breeding of crops. Now a days, production of transgenic plants is a routine process in some crop species. Transgenes are delivered into plants to confer novel traits such as improving nutritional qualities, resistance to pests. It is possible to insert genes from plants at evolutionary distant from the host plant, as well as from fungi, viruses, bacteria and even animals. Genetic transformation requires penetration of the transgene through the plant cell wall, facilitated by biological or physical methods. Over the last few decades, a significant progress has been made in the development of new and efficient transformation methods. Despite a variety of available DNA delivery methods, Agrobacterium and Biolistic mediated transformation remain two predominantly applied approaches. The objective of this article is to review the currently used methods for genetic plant transformation, their biological requirements and critical parameters
CSI-based WiFi-inertial state estimation (2016)

WiFi-based localization has received increasing attentions these years as WiFi devices are low-cost and universal. Recent years, tens of WiFi-based localization systems have been proposed which could achieve decimeter-level accuracy with the commercial wireless cards and with no specialized infrastructure. However, such systems require the positions of the Access Points or fingerprint map to be known in advance. In this paper, we present CWISE, an accurate WiFi-Inertial SLAM system without the requirement for Access Points' positions, specialized infrastructure and fingerprinting. CWISE relies only on a commercial wireless card with two antennas and an IMU. We test the CWISE system on a flying quadrotor and it shows that the system is able to work in real time and achieves the mean accuracy of 1.60m.
Design of high efficiency LiNbO <sub>3</sub> broadband phase modulator using an electrode buried in buffer layer (1992)

A new type of LiNbO3 modulator to reduce the driving voltage and expand the bandwidth under the condition Z0 = 5011 is proposed and designed. This modulator is constituted using a buried electrode in the buffer layer to match the microwave electric field with the light field.
B-cell depletion reactivates B lymphopoiesis in the BM and rejuvenates the B lineage in aging (2011)

Aging is associated with a decline in B-lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow and accumulation of long-lived B cells in the periphery. These changes decrease the body's ability to mount protective antibody responses. We show here that age-related changes in the B lineage are mediated by the accumulating long-lived B cells. Thus, depletion of B cells in old mice was followed by expansion of multipotent primitive progenitors and common lymphoid progenitors, a revival of B-lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow, and generation of a rejuvenated peripheral compartment that enhanced the animal's immune responsiveness to antigenic stimulation. Collectively, our results suggest that immunosenescence in the B-lineage is not irreversible and that depletion of the long-lived B cells in old mice rejuvenates the B-lineage and enhances immune competence.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (Nobel Lecture) (1992)

The development of NMR spectroscopy into a multifaceted tool for chemists, biochemists, and medical doctors is certainly due in part to the research of Richard R. Ernst, who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry last year. In his Nobel lecture he describes the evolution of the field from the first Fourier transform NMR spectra to two‐, three‐, and four‐dimensional experiments. With spectra of the cyclopeptide antamanide he illustrates how information on constitution, configuration, and conformation may be obtained with various NMR techniques.
Oxygen Radical Dependent Lung Damage following Thermal Injury of Rat Skin (1983)

Acute thermal injury (70 degrees C, 30 sec) to rat skin results in progressive consumptive depletion of the complement system. Individual complement components (C3, C4, C6) each show reductions in hemolytic activity. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis analysis of serum from thermally injured rats reveals conversion of C3 compatible with activation of the complement system. During the first hour following thermal injury, C5a-related chemotactic activity appears in the serum and is temporally related to the development of neutropenia. Lung injury, as revealed by increases in lung permeability, develops progressively during a 6-hour period and parallels changes in complement levels. Morphologically, lung changes include leukoaggregates within pulmonary capillaries and the presence of intra-alveolar hemorrhage. Protection from lung injury following remote thermal injury to skin is afforded by depleting animals of complement or neutrophils, or by systemic treatment of animals with a combination of catalase and superoxide dismutase. Antihistamine drugs have no protective effect. These data suggest that acute thermal injury leads to systemic complement activation, neutrophil activation, and acute lung injury that is related to production of toxic oxygen products by activated blood neutrophils.
Cancer Stem Cells in Pancreatic Cancer (2010)

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignant solid tumor well-known by early metastasis, local invasion, resistance to standard chemo- and radiotherapy and poor prognosis. Increasing evidence indicates that pancreatic cancer is initiated and propagated by cancer stem cells (CSCs). Here we review the current research results regarding CSCs in pancreatic cancer and discuss the different markers identifying pancreatic CSCs. This review will focus on metastasis, microRNA regulation and anti-CSC therapy in pancreatic cancer.