gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An increase in CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of human glioblastoma multiforme1 (2006)

The subpopulation of CD4+CD25+ immunoregulatory T (Tr) cells constitutes 5%-10% of CD4+ cells in humans. These cells play a crucial role in the control of tumor immune response. In this study, we evaluated the distribution of Tr cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of human glioblastoma multiforme and examined the difference between the brain and autologous blood with respect to Tr cells. Glioma samples from 10 patients were classified as WHO grade IV astrocytoma. Control samples were obtained from patients undergoing resection of a seizure focus. The samples were analyzed by flow cytometry to determine the frequency of Tr cells and by real-time PCR for forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) expression. We then examined the expression of CD62L, CD45RO, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and assessed the functionality of Tr cells in vitro. There was a significant difference in the number of FOXP3-expressing CD4+CD25+ T cells within glioma-infiltrating lymphocytes as compared to controls (P < 0.01). This difference was further observed in studies of autologous patient blood and control blood. The expression level of FOXP3 mRNA was high in Tr cells and weak in CD4+CD25-T cells. Moreover, the expression of CD62L and CTLA-4 was elevated in glioma Tr cells as compared to that in the controls. These cells were also CD45RO positive. Functional assays confirmed the suppressive activity of Tr cells in patients with glioma. The expression of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T cells was significantly higher in patients with glioblastoma multiforme than in controls. This increase in the frequency of Tr cells that display suppressive activity might play a role in modulation of the immune response against glioma. In light of these findings, Tr cells may represent a potential target for immunotherapy of malignant brain tumors.
Study on Multiplexing Ability of Identical Fiber Bragg Gratings in a Single Fiber (2011)

一个新奇 multiplexing 纤维布拉格栅栏(FBG ) 的 multiplexing 能力方法基于光时间领域 Reflecto 米(OTDR ) 和时间部门 Multiplexing TDM 技术是理论上分析了并且学习。这个方法在单个纤维与低反射率允许几百相同 FBG 的讯问，处于监视工程的太空健康使 FBG 传感器更适用。如果 FBG 反射率是足够地低的，分析证明 multiplexing 能力能极大地被改进。并且因此，一个便宜大规模分布式的察觉到系统能基于这个方法被认识到。当评估这个系统的 multiplexing 能力时，我们第一次建议在 FBG 之中的多思考的干扰效果应该被考虑。
Retrograde Regulation of Growth-Associated Gene Expression in Adult Rat Purkinje Cells by Myelin-Associated Neurite Growth Inhibitory Proteins (1998)

Axon regeneration requires that injured neurons reinitiate long-distance growth and upregulate specific genes. To address the question of whether inhibitory environmental cues along the axon could exert a negative, tonic downregulation of growth-associated genes, we have examined adult rat Purkinje cells, which are endowed with poor regenerative capabilities. First we have compared their response to axotomy with that of neurons of the inferior olive, lateral reticular nucleus, and deep cerebellar nuclei, all of which vigorously regenerate into growth-permissive transplants. These injured neurons upregulate the transcription factors c-Jun and JunD, GAP-43, and NADPH diaphorase. In contrast, most axotomized Purkinje cells fail to express any of these markers, showing that the strength of this response parallels the regenerative potential of the examined neuron populations. However, strong upregulation of the same genes can be induced in Purkinje cells after colchicine injection into the uninjured adult cerebellum, indicating that their expression could be controlled by retrograde signals. To assess whether myelin-associated neurite growth inhibitory proteins contribute to this regulation, we applied the neutralizing antibodies IN-1 against one of the main inhibitory components of central myelin (NI-250) either in vivo or in vitro to organotypic cerebellar cultures. Application of IN-1 antibodies induces the upregulation of c-Jun, JunD, and NADPH diaphorase in Purkinje cells, showing that their expression is suppressed constitutively by myelin-associated neurite growth inhibitors. Thus, the inhibitory activity of the IN-1 antigen on axon growth is not restricted to the control of growth cone motility but also involves a retrograde regulation of gene expression in adult central neurons.
Nanotechnology in Silicon CMOS Fabrication and Nanoelectronics (2006)

Summary form only given. While novel device structures using nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and organic molecules may be far away, there are opportunities to use nanomaterials in solving critical issues faced by silicon CMOS downscaling. Two examples, both using carbon nanotubes, in chip cooling and developing interconnects were discussed. Following this, prospects of fabricating vertical and planar transistors using nanowires of silicon and germanium were discussed
The Mitsunobu reaction of some indan amino alcohols (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Mitsunobu reaction of some indan amino alcoholsJules Freedman, Mark J. Vaal, and Edward W. HuberCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 2, 670–672Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00002a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00002a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1269Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of a Novel Forced-Commutation Starting Scheme for a Load-Commutated Synchronous Motor Drive (1979)

A load-commutated inverter synchronous motor drive system employing a simple auxiliary commutation circuit for machine startup analyzed, and results hybrid computer simulation are presented. The commutation circuit employs a single commutation capacitor connected to the neutral of the machine and two auxiliary thyristors, which are used only during machine starting. A practical operating scheme is developed for the forced commutated inverter, which insures commutation over all load currents by actively allowing the commutation capacitor to charge to a voltage proportional to load, current. Results of key computer runs are given including inverter waveforms, transient waveforms during transition from forced to load commutation, as well as the effect of forced commutation and load commutation on pulsating torque. The forced-commutation circuit is used only for synchronous machine startup. However, due to its simplicity it also is an attractive alternative to be considered for other types of current-fed inverter ac drives.
A Fiber Optic Logging Cable System (1985)

ASSTRACT The Fiber Optic Logging Cable System is a link which provides high data rates from borehole logging tools or passive optical sensing devices to a vehicle on the surface. developed for Chevron Oil Field Research Co., the system utilizes 15/32 armored cable containing electrical conductors for power transmission, and three optical fibers for data transmission. Data rate, limited by the electronics presently in use is 10 megabits/sec. on each of the three independent channels. The system includes the fiber optic armored cable, a cable header and a cable reel electronic assembly. The key to the system is the incorporation of optical fibers into the cable without compromise of size, durability, or load capacity. Several novel construction features are described which were utilized in achieving these goals. Laboratory and field testing conducted on the system included extensive cyclic bend over sheaves, optical attenuation, stretch at high temperature and pressure, and other tests. The test specimens showed no change in break strength, and did not fail optically or electrically. Subsequent experimental field tests have corroborated the systems durability. INTRODUCTION Multiple measurements by logging tools were made as early as 1960. However, it was not until 1979, nineteen years later, that measurements per tool increased beyond 3 (see Table 1). It is that growing capacity and demand for making multiple measurements that pushes the data carrying capacity of conventional logging cable (copper conductors) to and beyond its limits. Table 2 indicates that the data stream issuing from the currently available logging tools, even when used in certain stacked combinations can be accommodated by conventional cable. Prototype tools now under test, however, could only be used one at a time and could not be stacked. In addition, conventional tools, when required to yield better spatial or data resolution, can not be stacked. Furthermore, the next generation of tools those that could be expected to be in use three to seven years from now clearly exceed the data capacity of conventional cable. The significance of the fiber optic cable system is derived from the constraints that it removes in future logging tool design. Data-rich tools will become feasible; downhole data compaction will become unnecessary; and passive long term optical sensors become practical. Conventional electromechanical cables for working strain applications include insulated metal conductors for the transmission of electrical signals. Such cables have signal transmission frequencies that are limited to about 100 KHz over lengths that correspond to typical depths of exploratory oil wells, 12,000 to 30,000 feet. Even if an entire 15/32 inch cable were one large coaxial conductor, the bandwidth would only increase by a factor of two or three (see Figure 1). Optical fibers can provide signal transmission data rates up to three orders of magnitude higher than the insulated wires that are used in conventional well logging cables.
Donor Sclera in Enucleation Surgery (1974)

An enucleation technique utilizes a piece of donor sclera placed anterior to the implant. Results are satisfactory with good cosmesis and occurrence of minimal, if any, discharge. It is felt that the likelihood of extrusion occurring is minimized, since the graft serves as a reinforcing agent.
Cu<sub>2</sub>I<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>6</sub>: A Metal–Inorganic Framework Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor for Photon Detection at Room Temperature (2018)

Cu<sub>2</sub>I<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>6</sub> is a new wide-bandgap semiconductor with high stability and great potential toward hard radiation and photon detection. Cu<sub>2</sub>I<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>6</sub> crystallizes in the rhombohedral R3̅m space group with a density of d = 5.287 g·cm<sup>-3</sup> and a wide bandgap E<sub>g</sub> of 1.95 eV. First-principles electronic band structure calculations at the density functional theory level indicate an indirect bandgap and a low electron effective mass m<sub>e</sub>* of 0.32. The congruently melting compound was grown in centimeter-size Cu<sub>2</sub>I<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>6</sub> single crystals using a vertical Bridgman method. A high electric resistivity of ∼10<sup>12</sup> Ω·cm is readily achieved, and detectors made of Cu<sub>2</sub>I<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>6</sub> single crystals demonstrate high photosensitivity to Ag Kα X-rays (22.4 keV) and show spectroscopic performance with energy resolutions under <sup>241</sup>Am α-particles (5.5 MeV) radiation. The electron mobility is measured by a time-of-flight technique to be ∼46 cm<sup>2</sup>·V<sup>-1</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>. This value is comparable to that of one of the leading γ-ray detector materials, TlBr, and is a factor of 30 higher than mobility values obtained for amorphous Se for X-ray detection.
Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Tolerability of Siponimod (BAF312) in Subjects with Different Levels of Hepatic Impairment Compared to Demographically Matched Healthy Subjects (P1.135) (2015)

OBJECTIVE:To assess the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety and tolerability of siponimod and major metabolites in subjects with mild, moderate and severe hepatic impairment (HI) versus healthy subjects (HS). BACKGROUND:Following oral administration, siponimod is mainly eliminated by hepatic metabolism and biliary excretion. Alterations in excretory/metabolic activities due to HI can lead to drug/metabolite accumulation to an extent that may require dosage adjustment. METHODS:This was an open-label, parallel-group study, with 8 subjects each in mild, moderate, and severe HI and demographically matched HS (n=16). Enrollment was staggered starting with subjects with mild HI and followed by moderate and severe HI groups upon interim safety analysis. The study consisted of a screening period (Days -21 to -2), a baseline period (Day -1), treatment period (Day 1, 0.25mg siponimod), and a 21-day follow-up period during which PK (total/unbound siponimod, metabolites M3 and M5) and safety data were collected. RESULTS:All 40 enrolled subjects completed the study. Baseline characteristics were similar. No significant changes in siponimod plasma exposure were observed in mild, moderate, and severe HI groups vs. HS: Cmax changed by 16[percnt], -13[percnt], and -16[percnt]; AUC by 5[percnt], -13[percnt], and 15[percnt], respectively. Cmax and AUC of unbound siponimod vs. HS were similar in mild, were increased by 15[percnt] and 17[percnt] respectively in moderate, and by 11[percnt] and 50[percnt] respectively in severe HI. Cmax and AUCinf of M3 were 3-5 folds higher in moderate and severe HI vs. HS, whereas, M5 AUClast was 2-fold higher in severe HI group. Three AEs of mild intensity (2 in HI subjects and 1 in HS, 1 related to siponimod) were reported. CONCLUSIONS:Single oral doses of 0.25mg siponimod were well tolerated and HI did not significantly alter exposure to siponimod. Increase in the M3 and M5 metabolites requires further evaluation. Study Supported by Novartis Pharma AG
A 13-Kilodalton Maize Mitochondrial Protein in <i>E. coli</i> Confers Sensitivity to <i>Bipolaris maydis</i> Toxin (1988)

The Texas male-sterile cytoplasm (cms-T) of maize carries the cytoplasmically inherited trait of male sterility. Mitochondria isolated from cms-T maize are specifically sensitive to a toxin (BmT-toxin) produced by the fungal pathogen Bipolaris maydis, race T, and the carbamate insecticide methomyl. A mitochondrial gene unique to cms-T maize, which produces a 13-kilodalton polypeptide associated with cytoplasmic male sterility, was expressed in Escherichia coli. After addition of BmT-toxin or methomyl, inhibition of whole cell respiration and swelling of spheroplasts were observed in Escherichia coli cultures producing the novel mitochondrial protein; these effects are similar to those observed with isolated cms-T mitochondria. The amino-terminal region of the 13-kilodalton polypeptide appears to be essential for proper interaction with the BmT-toxin and methomyl. These results implicate the 13-kilodalton polypeptide in conferring toxin sensitivity to mitochondria of cms-T maize.
Rock at great depth : rock mechanics and rock physics at great depth (1989)

Proceedings of an international symposium on rock mechanics held in Pau, France, August, 1989. Some of the papers are in French. Volume three not seen. No index. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
Correlation between mutations in p53 gene and protein expression in human lymphomas (1997)

A discordance between p53 protein overexpression and the presence of mutations in the gene has been observed in many types of tumors, including human lymphomas. To probe this finding, we have studied a large series of 94 lymphomas of different pathologic types and histologic differentiation. Analyzing exons 5-9, we have found mutations in the p53 gene in 7 of 94 cases distributed in different subtypes: 4/12 (33%) high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-NHLs), in 1 of 5 (20%) high-grade mucosa-associated lymphomas (MALT), in 1 of 22 (4.5%) anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), and in 1 of 24 (4%) T-cell NHLs. Immunostaining with anti-p53 antibody DO-7 was possible in 87 lymphomas, and overexpression of p53 protein was observed in 16 cases (18%). A discrepancy between the results of SSCP and immunostaining was detected on 18 tumor samples. Two cases with mutations in the gene showed no altered protein expression and 16 cases overexpressed p53 protein had no point mutations. In these cases, the possibility that mutations occur outside the exons studied has been tested and the entire coding sequence analyzed. Only one case showed a mutation in exon 10, and we found two cases carrying a polymorphism in exon 4 and in intron 10. We conclude that mutations in p53 occur mainly in high-grade B-cell NHLs. Although not limited to a specific subtype of lymphoma, they may be rare in Hodgkin's disease and in low-grade lymphomas. The discrepancies between overexpression and presence of mutations suggest (1) the existence of another mechanism to stabilize the p53 protein, and (2) that the immunohistochemistry cannot be used to predict mutations in the gene.
The I‐<i>Ceu</i> I endonuclease: purification and potential role in the evolution of <i>Chlamydomonas</i> group I introns (1994)

During genetic crosses between the interfertile green algae Chlamydomonas eugametos and Chlamydomonas moewusii, the I-CeuI endonuclease encoded by the fifth group I intron (CeLSU.5) in the C. eugametos chloroplast large subunit rRNA gene mediates the mobility of this intron by introducing a double-strand break near the insertion site of the intron in the corresponding C. moewusii intronless allele. To characterize the biochemical properties of this endonuclease, we have purified I-CeuI and determined the optimal reaction conditions for cleavage. I-CeuI activity is maximal at 50 degrees C, pH 10.0, 2.5 mM MgCl2 and in the absence of NaCl. Unlike the well-characterized I-SceI endonuclease, I-CeuI remains stable following preincubation in the absence of substrate. We discuss the role that homing endonucleases may have played in the evolution of Chlamydomonas chloroplast group I introns.
Direct Drug Cocktail Analyses Using Microscale Vortex-Assisted Electroporation (2014)

Combination therapy has become one of the leading approaches for treating complex diseases because it coadministers clinically proven drugs to concurrently target multiple signaling pathways of diseased cells. Identification of synergic drug combinations at their respective effective doses without unwanted accumulative side effects is the key to success for such therapy. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of the vortex-assisted microfluidic electroporation system for direct drug cocktail analyses where drug substances were individually delivered into cytosols in a sequential and dosage-controlled manner. Through quantitative analyses, the synergic combinational dosage ratios of the chemotherapeutic drug and the anticancer flavonoid were identified. When integrated with high-throughput label-free rare cell purification techniques, the presented system has the potential for development of personalized medicines as the system would be capable of comprehensively assessing drug combinations directly on patients' cellular samples.
The Photosystem II Light-Harvesting Protein Lhcb3 Affects the Macrostructure of Photosystem II and the Rate of State Transitions in<i>Arabidopsis</i>    (2009)

The main trimeric light-harvesting complex of higher plants (LHCII) consists of three different Lhcb proteins (Lhcb1-3). We show that Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA knockout plants lacking Lhcb3 (koLhcb3) compensate for the lack of Lhcb3 by producing increased amounts of Lhcb1 and Lhcb2. As in wild-type plants, LHCII-photosystem II (PSII) supercomplexes were present in Lhcb3 knockout plants (koLhcb3), and preservation of the LHCII trimers (M trimers) indicates that the Lhcb3 in M trimers has been replaced by Lhcb1 and/or Lhcb2. However, the rotational position of the M LHCII trimer was altered, suggesting that the Lhcb3 subunit affects the macrostructural arrangement of the LHCII antenna. The absence of Lhcb3 did not result in any significant alteration in PSII efficiency or qE type of nonphotochemical quenching, but the rate of transition from State 1 to State 2 was increased in koLhcb3, although the final extent of state transition was unchanged. The level of phosphorylation of LHCII was increased in the koLhcb3 plants compared with wild-type plants in both State 1 and State 2. The relative increase in phosphorylation upon transition from State 1 to State 2 was also significantly higher in koLhcb3. It is suggested that the main function of Lhcb3 is to modulate the rate of state transitions.
Microcirculatory Perfusion during Volume Therapy (1995)

In this model, volume replacement with artificial colloids yielded hemodynamic stability and adequate tissue oxygen supply, whereas administration of crystalloids alone jeopardized tissue perfusion and oxygenation.
A 16-Mb Flash EEPROM with a New Self-Data-Refresh Scheme for a Sector Erase Operation (1994)

A 16-Mb flash EEPROM has been developed based on the 0.6-/spl mu/m triple-well double-poly-Si single-metal CMOS technology. A compact row decoder circuit for a negative gate biased erase operation has been designed to obtain the sector erase operation. A self-data-refresh scheme has been developed to overcome the drain-disturb problem for unselected sector cells. A self-convergence method after erasure is applied in this device to overcome the overerase problem that causes read operation failure. Both the self-data-refresh operation and the self-convergence method are verified to be involved in the autoerase operation. Internal voltage generators independent of the external voltage supply and temperature has been developed. The cell size is 2.0 /spl mu/m/spl times/1.7 /spl mu/m, resulting in a die size of 7.7 mm/spl times/17.32 mm. >
Intestinal absorption of luteolin and luteolin 7‐<i>O</i>‐β‐glucoside in rats and humans (1998)

In this study, we investigated the intestinal absorption of luteolin and luteolin 7-O-beta-glucoside in rats by HPLC. The absorption analysis using rat everted small intestine demonstrated that luteolin was converted to glucuronides during passing through the intestinal mucosa and that luteolin 7-O-beta-glucoside was absorbed after hydrolysis to luteolin. Free luteolin, its conjugates and methylated conjugates were present in rat plasma after dosing. This suggests that some luteolin can escape the intestinal conjugation and the hepatic sulfation/methylation. LC/MS analysis showed that the main conjugate which circulates in the blood was a monoglucuronide of the unchanged aglycone. Luteolin in propyleneglycol was absorbed more rapidly than that in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose. The plasma concentration of luteolin and its conjugates reached the highest level 15 min and 30 min after dosing with luteolin in propyleneglycol, respectively. HPLC analysis also allowed us to demonstrate the presence of free luteolin and its monoglucuronide in human serum after ingestion of luteolin.