gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
InAlGaAs-InP laterally coupled DBR and DFB lasers for microwave generation (2007)

The work reported in this thesis is concerned with the fabrication and characterisation of laterally coupled (LC) distributed feedback (DFB) lasers, both single-and dual-mode, based on InAlGaAs-InP material emitting at 1.35 mum. The aim of the research is to realise a compact device, able to emit two wavelengths simultaneously, to be used for the generation of gigahertz (GHZ) and terahertz (THz) signals by photo-mixing. The motivation comes from the need for portable sources of radiation in the so-called THz region. The first part of the work involved the implementation of a laterally coupled grating that is intended to become a building block for the dual-wavelength device. To prove the effectiveness of the grating structure, single-mode DFBs and distributed Bragg reflector (DBH) lasers were designed and fabricated in the InAlGaAs-InP material, aiming to optimise the necessary technological processing. Assessment of these devices showed excellent performance: stable single-mode emission, with low threshold currents of about 55 mA and high sidemode suppression ratio (SMSR) over 40 dB, were demonstrated. Ridge-waveguide lasers (RWGL) were also fabricated alongside the single-mode devices, to allow comparison of the operating characteristics. The second part of the work was concerned with the implementation of a novel dual-wavelength laser, based on the lateral grating structure. The final device realised was a DFB laser having two different grating periods, one on each sidewall, fabricated in the InAlGaAs-InP material using the technology previously implemented. This source was thoroughly assessed in terms of lasing characteristics, mode behaviour, and suitability to generate microwave signals. Stable dual-mode operation, with low threshold currents around 50 mA and SMSR approaching 30 dB, was successfully demonstrated in continuous wave (CW) operating mode, at room temperature. The dual-mode behaviour was characterised by inspection of the modal transverse distribution and by injection locking experiments. Generation of microwave signals by photo-mixing was performed at about 23 GHz, and the linewidths of each of the individual modes and of the beat mode were measured as a function of the injection current. It was observed that, while the linewidth of the separate modes has a modest dependence on the injection level, the linewidth of the beat mode experiences a strong decrease as the injected current increases.
The cellulase of <i>Trichoderma viride</i> (1985)

Six endoglucanases (Endo I; II; III; IV; V; VI), three exoglucanases (Exo I; II; III) and a beta-glucosidase (beta-gluc I) were isolated from a commercial cellulase preparation derived from Trichoderma viride, using gel filtration on Bio-Gel, anion exchange on DEAE-Bio-Gel A, cation exchange on SE-Sephadex and affinity chromatography on crystalline cellulose. Molecular masses were determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. One group of endoglucanases (Endo I, Endo II and Endo IV) with Mr of 50 000, 45 000 and 23 500 were more random in their attack on carboxymethylcellulose than another group (Endo III, Endo V and Endo VI) showing Mr of 58 000, 57 000 and 53 000 respectively. Endo III was identified as a new type of endoglucanase with relatively high activity on crystalline cellulose and moderate activity on carboxymethylcellulose. Exo II and Exo III with Mr of 60 500 and 62 000 respectively showed distinct adsorption affinities on a column of crystalline cellulose and could be eluted by a pH gradient to alkaline regions. These enzymes were cellobiohydrolases as judged by high-pressure liquid chromatography of the products obtained from incubation with H3PO4-swollen cellulose. It was concluded that these exoglucanases are primarily active on newly generated chain ends. Exo I was essentially another type of exoglucanase which in the first instance was able to split off a cellobiose molecule from a chain end and then hydrolyse this molecule in a second step to two glucose units beta-Gluc I was a new type of aryl-beta-D-glucosidase which had no activity on cellobiose. The enzyme had a Mr of 76 000 and was moderately active on CM-cellulose, crystalline cellulose and xylan and highly active on p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucose and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylose.
Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase I of the glycoprotein-processing enzymes by 6-O-butanoyl castanospermine (MDL 28,574) and its consequences in human immunodeficiency virus-infected T cells (1994)

The 6-O-butanoyl derivative of castanospermine (MDL 28,574) was previously shown to be approximately 30-fold more potent than the naturally occurring molecule at inhibiting the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (D. L. Taylor, P. S. Sunkara, P. S. Liu, M. S. Kang, T. L. Bowlin, and A. S. Tyms, AIDS 5:693-698, 1991). We now report that consistent with its improved anti-HIV activity, MDL 28,574 is more effective (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50], 20 microM) than the parent molecule (IC50, 254 microM) at causing the accumulation of glucosylated oligosaccharides in HIV-infected cells by inhibition of glycoprotein processing. These were predominantly of the glucose 3 type, as determined by P4 Bio-Gel analysis after digestion with purified alpha-glucosidase I, indicating that, intracellularly, this enzyme is the major target for inhibition. MDL 28,574, however, was less active (IC50, 1.27 microM) than castanospermine (IC50, 0.12 microM) against the mutual target enzyme, cellular alpha-glucosidase I, in a cell-free assay system. The increased effects of MDL 28,574 against alpha-glucosidase I in cell culture were attributed to the improved cellular uptake of the more lipophilic derivative. Inhibition of this enzyme activity in HIV-infected H9 cells impaired viral glycoprotein processing and resulted in the expression of abnormally configured gp120. This did not affect virus production, but the virions had decreased infectivity which was partially related to a reduced ability to bind to CD4+ T cells.
Embedded PCs for the industrial marketplace-an analysis of the STD bus (2002)

The enormous popularity of the IBM PC and its derivatives has created a large hardware and software base and significantly impacted the industrial controls marketplace. The original PC hardware has significant shortcomings for the industrial marketplace, however. PCs just aren't designed for high shock, vibration, and extreme temperature environments. The cards are long and not well retained. Fans and filters are usually required for cooling, and filters become clogged in dusty and dirty environments. Frequently, the important circuitry is located on a large "motherboard" that is poorly cooled and difficult to replace in the event of a failure. Packaging cannot meet even the simplest of NEMA standards and screw terminal I/O is almost nonexistent. The need for computer systems that retain PC compatibility but work reliably in extremes of temperature, shock, vibration, and electrical noise has resulted in many alternate bus structures and form factors being used. These include VME, STD, PC-104, "industrialized" PCs, and proprietary designs.
Demand-driven alias analysis for C (2008)

This paper presents a demand-driven, flow-insensitive analysisalgorithm for answering may-alias queries. We formulate thecomputation of alias queries as a CFL-reachability problem, and use this formulation to derive a demand-driven analysis algorithm. The analysis uses a worklist algorithm that gradually explores the program structure and stops as soon as enough evidence is gathered to answer the query. Unlike existing techniques, our approach does not require building or intersecting points-to sets.
Inversion of Time‐Lapse Seismic Reservoir Monitoring Data Using CycleGAN: A Deep Learning‐Based Approach for Estimating Dynamic Reservoir Property Changes (2020)

Abstract Carbon capture and storage is being pursued globally as a geoengineering measure for reducing the emission of anthropogenic into the atmosphere. Comprehensive monitoring, verification, and accounting programs must be established for demonstrating the safe storage of injected CO . One of the most commonly deployed monitoring techniques is time‐lapse seismic reservoir monitoring (also known as 4‐D seismic), which involves comparing 3‐D seismic survey data taken at the same study site but over different times. Analyses of 4‐D seismic data volumes can help improve the quality of storage reservoir characterization, track the movement of injected CO plume, and identify potential CO spillover/leakage from the storage reservoirblue. However, the derivation of high‐resolution CO saturation maps from 4‐D seismic data is a highly nonlinear and ill‐posed inverse problem, often requiring significant computational effort. In this research, we apply a physics‐based deep learning method to facilitate the solution of both the forward and inverse problems in seismic inversion while honoring physical constraints. A cycle generative adversarial neural network (CycleGAN) model is trained to learn the bidirectional functional mappings between the reservoir dynamic property changes and seismic attribute changes, such that both forward and inverse solutions can be obtained efficiently from the trained model. We show that our CycleGAN‐based approach not only improves the reliability of 4‐D seismic inversion but also expedites the quantitative interpretation. Our deep learning‐based workflow is generic and can be readily used for reservoir characterization and reservoir model updates involving the use of 4‐D seismic data.
한국 남자 대학생들의 여름철 피부색 변화에 관한 연구 (1983)

This study was undertaken to clarify whether the color changes of skin in summer are remarkable or not. The skin color of abdomen, extensor and flexor of forearm, forehead, and cheek were measured in 27 health male students who had never tanned their skin intentionally during this experiment with Color and Color Difference Meter(Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Ca. CP6R 1001-DP) which represents skin color as 'L', 'a', and 'b' values. The 'L', 'a', and 'b' values mean the degree of lightness, redness, and yellowness respectively. Measurements had been performed four times repeatedly from summer(june) to auturmn(October) with intervals of 6 weeks. The obtained values were evaluated with statistical method, and the results were sumrnarized as follows: l. Abdominal skin showed no significant color changes in this experiment. 2 Extensor and flexor skin of forearm showed significant decrease in lightness from July, and the degree of decrease was more remarkable on extensor skin than on flexor skin. The lighteness had not been recovered by October on extensor skin and by September on flexor skin. There was no significant change in redness and yellowness on both places in this experiment. 3. Forehead skin showed no significant change in lightness and yellowness in this experiment, and showed transient decrease in redness in July. 4. Cheek skin showed no significant change in lighteness and redness in this experiment, and showed transient increase in yellowness in October.
A single amino acid substitution in the variable region of the light chain specifically blocks immunoglobulin secretion. (1990)

Although immunoglobulin light chains are usually secreted in association with heavy chains, free light chains can be secreted by lymphocytes. To identify the structural features of light chains that are essential for their secretion, we mutated a conserved sequence in the variable domain of a lambda I light chain. The effects of the mutations on secretion were assayed by transient expression in COS-1 cells. One mutant (AV60), which replaced Ala-60 with Val, was secreted as efficiently as wild-type lambda I by transfected COS-1 cells. This result was not surprising because secreted lambda II chains contain valine in this position. However, a second lambda I mutant (AV60FS62), which replaced Phe-62 with Ser as well as Ala-60 with Val, was not secreted. This mutant was arrested in the endoplasmic reticulum, as judged by immunofluorescence and by its association with a lumenal endoplasmic reticulum protein, immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP). The defect in secretion was not due to gross misfolding of the lambda I chain, since cells cotransfected with AV60FS62 and an immunoglobulin heavy chain gene produced functional antigen-binding antibodies. These assembled IgM molecules were still not secreted. Hence, the replacement of Phe-62 with Ser specifically affects a determinant on the lambda I light chain that is necessary for the intracellular transport of this molecule.
A Planar, Multisensing Wearable Health Monitoring Device Integrated with Acceleration, Temperature, and Electrocardiogram Sensors (2017)

Flexible healthcare devices attract much research attention due to their potential application in everyday health monitoring and data acquisition. In order to precisely monitor changes in health data, simultaneous recording of motion data is of vital importance, as different modes of human activity have a strong influence on a person's vital signs. However, human motion detection has received comparatively little attention in flexible electronics, even though flexible health monitoring sensors are well‐studied and researched by many groups. In this study, a planar‐type, multifunctional health sensor sheet integrated with acceleration, temperature, and electrocardiogram sensors, fabricated completely by printing methods is proposed and demonstrated. A vibrational space for the acceleration sensor is created by using a kirigami structure for the electrodes, allowing it to be pushed out of plane without affecting the resistance. The acceleration sensor's sensitivity is investigated experimentally by changing the dimensions of its beam structure, after which we are able to optimize the sensor such that it would be able to detect light human activity. Finally, as a proof of concept, the device is successfully demonstrated to be able to detect human motion, skin temperature, and electrocardiogram signals simultaneously when attached to the chest of a test subject.
SonarQube in Action (2013)

Summary SonarQube in Action shows developers how to use the SonarQube platform to help them continuously improve their source code. The book presents SonarQube's core Seven Axes of Quality: design/architecture, duplications, comments, unit tests, complexity, potential bugs, and coding rules. You'll find simple, easy-to-follow discussion and examples as you learn to integrate SonarQube into your development process. About the Technology SonarQube is a powerful open source tool for continuous inspection, a process that makes code quality analysis and reporting an integral part of the development lifecycle. Its unique dashboards, rule-based defect analysis, and tight build integration result in improved code quality without disruption to developer workflow. It supports many languages, including Java, C, C++, C#, PHP, and JavaScript. About the Book SonarQube in Action teaches you how to effectively use SonarQube following the continuous inspection model. This practical book systematically explores SonarQube's core Seven Axes of Quality (design, duplications, comments, unit tests, complexity, potential bugs, and coding rules). With well-chosen examples, it helps you learn to use SonarQube's review functionality and IDE integration to implement continuous inspection best practices in your own quality management process. The book's Java-based examples translate easily to other development languages. No prior experience with SonarQube or continuous delivery practice is assumed Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. What's InsideGather meaningful quality metrics Integrate with Ant, Maven, and Jenkins Write your own plugins Master the art of continuous inspectionAbout the Authors Ann Campbellb and Patroklos Papapetrou are experienced developers and team leaders. Both actively contribute to the SonarQube community. Table of ContentsPART 1 WHAT THE NUMBERS ARE TELLING YOU An introduction to SonarQubeIssues and coding standardsEnsuring that your code is doing things rightWorking with duplicate codeOptimizing source code documentationKeeping your source code files elegantImproving your application designPART 2 SETTLING IN WITH SONARQUBE Planning a strategy and expanding your insightContinuous Inspection with SonarQubeLetting SonarQube drive code reviewsIDE integrationPART 3 ADMINISTERING AND EXTENDING Security: users, groups, and roles Rule profile administration Making SonarQube fit your needsManaging your projectsWriting your own plugins
Prototyping a nonholonomic manipulator (2002)

We proposed a nonholonomic manipulator which is a controllable n joints manipulator with only two inputs, exploiting a special kind of velocity transmission called a nonholonomic gear. Since the nonholonomic manipulator was theoretically designed from the viewpoint of kinematic constraints and nonlinear control, the mechanical implementation and prototyping are extremely important in practice. In this paper, the principle of mechanical design of a nonholonomic manipulator is established, and the experimental results are shown using a prototype nonholonomic manipulator.
How to Make ASLR Win the Clone Wars: Runtime Re-Randomization (2016)

Existing techniques for memory randomization such as the widely explored Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) perform a single, per-process randomization that is applied before or at the process' load-time. The efficacy of such upfront randomizations crucially relies on the assumption that an attacker has only one chance to guess the randomized address, and that this attack succeeds only with a very low probability. Recent research results have shown that this assumption is not valid in many scenarios, e.g., daemon servers fork child processes that inherent the state -and if applicable: the randomization -of their parents, and thereby create clones with the same memory layout. This enables the so-called clone-probing attacks where an adversary repeatedly probes different clones in order to increase its knowledge about their shared memory layout.
An adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccine confers protection from SARS-COV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques (2020)

The rapid spread of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 greatly threatens global public health but no prophylactic vaccine is available. Here, we report the generation of a replication-incompetent recombinant serotype 5 adenovirus, Ad5-S-nb2, carrying a codon-optimized gene encoding Spike protein (S). In mice and rhesus macaques, intramuscular injection with Ad5-S-nb2 elicits systemic S-specific antibody and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses. Intranasal inoculation elicits both systemic and pulmonary antibody responses but weaker CMI response. At 30 days after a single vaccination with Ad5-S-nb2 either intramuscularly or intranasally, macaques are protected against SARS-CoV-2 challenge. A subsequent challenge reveals that macaques vaccinated with a 10-fold lower vaccine dosage (1 × 10<sup>10</sup> viral particles) are also protected, demonstrating the effectiveness of Ad5-S-nb2 and the possibility of offering more vaccine dosages within a shorter timeframe. Thus, Ad5-S-nb2 is a promising candidate vaccine and warrants further clinical evaluation.
Effect of Hydrophobicity and Electrostatics on Adsorption and Surface Diffusion of DNA Oligonucleotides at Liquid/Solid Interfaces (1998)

It is generally known that both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions are major driving forces for protein adsorption at solid/liquid interfaces, but relatively little is known about how these interactions affect the interfacial behavior of single-stranded DNA molecules. This information is important for the design of DNA hybridization sensors. In this study, total internal reflectance microscopy/fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (TIR/FRAP) was applied to measure the desorption rate constants and the surface diffusion coefficients of a 21-base oligonucleotide on four different surfaces including two cationic amino-silanized and two hydrophobic-silanized surfaces. Adsorption isotherms of the oligonucleotide were determined by using porous glass beads that were identically silanized. The results indicate that the oligonucleotide adsorbs reversibly and interacts strongly with the four surfaces studied. Approximately 50% less oligonucleotide adsorbed on the hydrophobic substrates than on cationic amino-silanized glasses. The desorption rate constant decreases as the density of the hydrophobic silane surface layer increases and it depends on the chemical properties of the substrate. The surface diffusion coefficients depend on the density of the adsorbed oligonucleotides on the hydrophobic surfaces in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) solution (PBS). When ethanol was added to the adsorption buffer, the initial slopes of the adsorption isotherms for hydrophobic dimethyldichlorosilane-treated (DMS) surface as well as the two secondary amino-silanized glasses were lowered. On the other hand, the kinetics of adsorption and surface diffusion of oligonucleotides in the presence of ethanol on all substrates was independent of the substrate properties and the equilibrium adsorption affinity. DNA oligonucleotides have both ionic and hydrophobic characteristics which result in complex adsorption and surface diffusion behavior on glass silanized with a range of ionic and hydrophobic silanes. The orientation of the oligonucleotide lying on the surface and the quantity adsorbed appear to be influenced by whether the surface is cationic or hydrophobic.
Engagement of fatty acids with toll‐like receptor 2 drives interleukin‐1β production via the ASC/caspase 1 pathway in monosodium urate monohydrate crystal–induced gouty arthritis (2010)

The synergistic effect between FFAs and MSU crystals leads to ASC/caspase 1-driven IL-1β release. This mechanism could explain how constitutionally derived metabolic events initiate attacks of gout via the induction of IL-1β-mediated joint inflammation.