gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyber-physical Vulnerability Assessment in Manufacturing Systems (2016)

The rampant increase in frequency and complexity of cyber-attacks against manufacturing firms, has motivated the development of identification and mitigation techniques for cyber-physical vulnerabilities in manufacturing. While the field of cybersecurity assessment approaches is expansive, there is no literature aimed at assessing cyber-physical vulnerabilities for manufacturing systems. In response, this paper provides a framework for systematically identifying cyber-physical vulnerabilities in manufacturing systems. The proposed approach employs intersection mapping to identify cyber-physical vulnerabilities in manufacturing. A cyber-physical vulnerability impact analysis using decision trees then provides the manufacturer with a stoplight scale between low, medium, and high levels of cyber-physical vulnerability for each analyzed production process. The stoplight scale allows manufacturers to interpret assessment results in an intuitive way. Finally, the paper provides a case study of the proposed approach at an applied manufacturing research facility and provides general recommendations to securing similar facilities from cyber-physical attacks.
Fine Seek Technique (1987)

We developed a new fine seek technique which uses pulses of fixed height and width to compensate for the beam velocity. The stability of this technique is very high, and the probability that the beam cannot be pulled into a target track is less than 10 -4 . This technique is performed only by logic, and can be implemented with a low-cost micro-processor. This method permits a stable and high-speed fine seek, whose seek time for 100 tracks is less than 10 ms.
Phase-Change Heat-Storage Module (1989)

Heat-storage module accommodates momentary heating or cooling overload in pumped-liquid heat-transfer system. Large heat-storage capacity of module provided by heat of fusion of material that freezes at or near temperature desired to maintain object to be heated or cooled. Module involves relatively small penalties in weight, cost, and size and more than compensates by enabling design of rest of system to handle only average load. Latent heat of fusion of phase-change material provides large heat-storage capacity in small volume.
Live imaging of glioblastoma cells in brain tissue shows requirement of actin bundles for migration (2006)

Live-cell imaging of glioblastoma U373 and U87 cells transfected with actin cytoskeleton markers has been used to study there-arrangements that are associated with migration in two- and three-dimensional matrices and in brain tissue. In collagen gels and in brain slices, both cell types developed neuronal-like processes with ruffling membranes and filopodia. Blebbing cells were also observed, but these were mainly immobile. The retraction of trailing cell processes in a tissue environment was associated with the transient development and contraction of bundles of axial stress fibers. The inhibition of Rho-kinase caused glioblastoma cells in brain slices to become immobile and develop neurite-like processes at random, which indicates the requirement of Rho signaling and contractility for migration. Actin stress fibers were also observed in glioblastoma cells injected into the brains of living mice. Thus, invading glioblastoma cells use neurite-like extensions to penetrate between neuronal fibers and contractile actin bundles for traction of the cell body.
L-Asparaginase (1970)

L-ASPARAGINASE affords a unique approach to the chemotherapy of malignant neoplasms by exploiting a metabolic difference between tumor cells and host cells.Historical BackgroundIn 1953 Kidd1 noted that normal guinea-pig serum has antitumor activity, and Broome2 subsequently showed that the active antitumor substance is L-asparaginase, which is present in high concentration in the serum of the guinea pig and its close relatives. Dolowy and his associates3 used purified guinea-pig serum to treat a boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and obtained an objective response. The discovery of Escherichia coli L-asparaginase with antitumor activity presented a source of enzyme in sufficient . . .
A role for cell sex in stem cell–mediated skeletal muscle regeneration: female cells have higher muscle regeneration efficiency (2007)

We have shown that muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) transplanted into dystrophic (mdx) mice efficiently regenerate skeletal muscle. However, MDSC populations exhibit heterogeneity in marker profiles and variability in regeneration abilities. We show here that cell sex is a variable that considerably influences MDSCs' regeneration abilities. We found that the female MDSCs (F-MDSCs) regenerated skeletal muscle more efficiently. Despite using additional isolation techniques and cell cloning, we could not obtain a male subfraction with a regeneration capacity similar to that of their female counterparts. Rather than being directly hormonal or caused by host immune response, this difference in MDSCs' regeneration potential may arise from innate sex-related differences in the cells' stress responses. In comparison with F-MDSCs, male MDSCs have increased differentiation after exposure to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide, which may lead to in vivo donor cell depletion, and a proliferative advantage for F-MDSCs that eventually increases muscle regeneration. These findings should persuade researchers to report cell sex, which is a largely unexplored variable, and consider the implications of relying on cells of one sex.
Determination of equilibrium constants by chemometric analysis of spectroscopic data (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of equilibrium constants by chemometric analysis of spectroscopic dataMikael. Kubista, Robert. Sjoeback, and Bo. AlbinssonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 8, 994–998Publication Date (Print):April 15, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00056a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00056a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views750Altmetric-Citations99LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Acoustics of gas-bearing sediments. II. Measurements and models (1980)

Acoustical properties of water saturated and gassy sediments are observed to be significantly different. The present state of knowledge of the acoustical properties of saturated sediments, gassy water, and gassy sediments is reviewed in a companion paper. The dynamics of bubbles in water and in various solid materials, including sediments, are experimentally examined here. Pulsation resonance is exhibited by the bubbles in all materials examined. Predictions of bubble resonance frequency and damping are shown to agree with the measurements. Equations for sound speed and attenuation, based on the model of resonating gas bubbles, are shown to agree with published measurements in gassy sediments. Parameters required for predicting gassy sediment acoustical properties are identified. Ranges of values of these parameters for various sediments are discussed.
A new excitation model for LPC vocoder at 2.4 kb/s (1992)

A novel excitation model called the multicategory vector excitation (MCVE) model for a linear predictive coding (LPC) vocoder at 2.4 kb/s is proposed. In this model, speech signal is classified into four categories: unvoiced, voiced, onset, and offset. For every category of speech, an excitation codebook is available. Different excitation codebooks hold different characteristics. The analysis-by-synthesis procedure is used to select the excitation vectors. The computer simulation has been carried out, and the results show that the vocoder with the new excitation model is capable of synthesizing more intelligible and more natural speech at 2.4 kb/s.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Alterations of DNA methylation and clinicopathological diversity of human cancers (2008)

Alterations of DNA methylation can account for the histological heterogeneity, reflected in the stepwise progression and complex biological characteristics of human cancers, that genetic alterations alone cannot explain. Analysis of DNA methylation status in tissue samples can be an aid to understanding the molecular mechanisms of multistage carcinogenesis. Human cancer cells show a drastic change in DNA methylation status, that is, overall DNA hypomethylation and regional DNA hypermethylation, which results in chromosomal instability and silencing of tumor-suppressor genes. Overexpression of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 1 is not a secondary result of increased cell proliferative activity but may underline the CpG island methylator phenotype of cancers. Splicing alteration of DNMT3B may result in chromosomal instability through DNA hypomethylation of pericentromeric satellite regions. Alterations of DNA methylation are observed even in the precancerous stage frequently associated with chronic inflammation and/or persistent viral infection or with cigarette smoking. Precancerous conditions showing alterations of DNA methylation may generate more malignant cancers. Aberrant DNA methylation is significantly associated with aggressiveness of cancers and poorer outcome of cancer patients. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation status based on array-based technology may identify DNA methylation profiles that can be used as appropriate indicators for carcinogenetic risk estimation and prognostication.
Effect of imidapril on myocardial remodeling in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats is associated with gene expression of NOS and ACE mRNA (2000)

Chronically administered N(omega)nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) produces vascular structural changes and fibrosis of the left ventricle (LV). However, very few studies have evaluated whether the beneficial effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on these myocardial remodelings are associated with local gene expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and ACE mRNA in the LV. Effects of long term treatment with imidapril, an ACE inhibitor, on gene expression of endothelial-cell NOS (eNOS) and ACE mRNA in the LV and its relation to myocardial remodeling in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats were evaluated. Fifteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were given L-NAME (60 mg/ kg/day) in drinking water for 6 weeks to induce hypertension, and then treated with imidapril (L-NAME-I, n = 8, 1 mg/kg/day, subdepressor dose), or a vehicle (L-NAME-V, n = 7) for 4 weeks. Age-matched rats (C, n = 7) served as a control group. Blood pressure in L-NAME-V and L-NAME-I was similar and significantly higher than that in C. The level of eNOS mRNA in the LV was significantly decreased in L-NAME-V compared with C, and was significantly increased in L-NAME-I compared with C and L-NAME-V. The ACE mRNA and type I collagen mRNA expression levels were significantly increased in L-NAME-V compared with C, and significantly suppressed in L-NAME-I compared with L-NAME-V. L-NAME-V demonstrated a significant increase in wall-to-lumen ratio, perivascular fibrosis, and myocardial fibrosis. These changes in the microvasculature were improved significantly by imidapril. Myocardial remodeling in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats was significantly ameliorated by a subdepressor dose of imidapril, which may be due to an increase in local eNOS mRNA expression and a decrease in angiotensin II in the LV.
The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Dialog Correlation (2006)

This document defines a new header field for use with SIP. The Same-
Session header field is used to logically correlate an existing SIP
dialog with a new SIP dialog when the media sessions established by
both dialogs can be considered a single logical session. This
mechanism can be used to share the user interface and other resources
between all the media streams from both sessions.
Electrochemical detection of phenol in aqueous solutions (2004)

Phenol oxidation in aqueous solutions was carried out in a pH range of 7-12 using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) studies on a glassy carbon electrode. Peak potentials are found to be distinct for each pH value. A linear relationship is observed between the peak current and the concentration ranging from micro- to milli- molar levels. The peak current is found to be proportional to the concentration of phenol up to 5 mM that allows determination of unknown concentrations of phenol down to 5mM. Using DPV technique, the phenol concentration is detected up to a concentration of 0.5 mM
The Subgenual Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Mood Disorders (2008)

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) ventral to the genu of the corpus callosum has been implicated in the modulation of emotional behavior on the basis of neuroimaging studies in humans and lesion analyses in experimental animals. In a combined positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging study of mood disorders, we demonstrated that the mean gray matter volume of this "subgenual" ACC (sgACC) cortex is abnormally reduced in subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder, irrespective of mood state. Neuropathological assessments of sgACC tissue acquired postmortem from subjects with MDD or bipolar disorder confirmed the decrement in gray matter volume, and revealed that this abnormality was associated with a reduction in glia, with no equivalent loss of neurons. In positron emission tomography studies, the metabolic activity was elevated in this region in the depressed relative to the remitted phases of the same MDD subjects, and effective antidepressant treatment was associated with a reduction in sgACC activity. Other laboratories replicated and extended these findings, and the clinical importance of this treatment effect was underscored by a study showing that deep brain stimulation of the sgACC ameliorates depressive symptoms in treatment-resistant MDD. This article discusses the functional significance of these findings within the context of the preclinical literature that implicates the putative homologue of this region in the regulation of emotional behavior and stress response. In experimental animals, this region participates in an extended "visceromotor network" of structures that modulates autonomic/neuroendocrine responses and neurotransmitter transmission during the neural processing of reward, fear, and stress. These data thus hold important implications for the development of neural models of depression that can account for the abnormal motivational, neuroendocrine, autonomic, and emotional manifestations evident in human mood disorders.
The Cobalt Porphyrin−Lewis Base System:  A Highly Selective Catalyst for Alternating Copolymerization of CO<sub>2</sub> and Epoxide under Mild Conditions (2007)

The use of a cobalt porphyrin ((TPP)CoCl, 1) in combination with dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) for the alternating copolymerization of CO2 and epoxide is described. The (TPP)CoCl (1)−DMAP system quantitatively produced the alternating copolymer from CO2 and cyclohexene oxide (CHO) under optimized conditions (50 atm, 80 °C). This calatyst system also worked satisfactorily for the alternating copolymerization of CO2 and a terminal epoxide, e.g., propylene oxide (PO), without formation of cyclic carbonate to give the polycarbonate. The alternating copolymerization of CO2 and epoxide (CHO, PO) was achieved under very mild conditions, such as at ambient temperature and under CO2 at 1 atm, by using the 1−DMAP catalyst system.
NiSi formation at the silicide/Si interface on the NiPt/Si system (1982)

Alloy films of NiPt were e-beam codeposited on n-type Si and annealed up to 700 °C in a purified- He ambient furnace. Silicide formation was monitored using MeV4 He Rutherford backscattering and glancing-angle x-ray diffraction. At low temperatures (300–350 °C), Ni segregates at the Si/ silicide interface and the first phases detected are NiSi and PtSi. At intermediate temperatures (400– 500 °C), there is further accumulation of Ni at the Si/silicide interface, and at later stages an incursion of Pt to the interface. The barrier height increase reflects the presence of Pt. At 700 °C, the Ni and Pt redistribute to form a uniform ternary.
Practical Synthesis of Roscovitine and CR8 (2009)

Roscovitine and CR8 are potent inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases. A scalable synthesis of both inhibitors is described. In the case of CR8, the biarylmethylamine moiety was obtained as a stable and high-purity salt.
GibbsCluster: unsupervised clustering and alignment of peptide sequences (2017)

Receptor interactions with short linear peptide fragments (ligands) are at the base of many biological signaling processes. Conserved and information-rich amino acid patterns, commonly called sequence motifs, shape and regulate these interactions. Because of the properties of a receptor-ligand system or of the assay used to interrogate it, experimental data often contain multiple sequence motifs. GibbsCluster is a powerful tool for unsupervised motif discovery because it can simultaneously cluster and align peptide data. The GibbsCluster 2.0 presented here is an improved version incorporating insertion and deletions accounting for variations in motif length in the peptide input. In basic terms, the program takes as input a set of peptide sequences and clusters them into meaningful groups. It returns the optimal number of clusters it identified, together with the sequence alignment and sequence motif characterizing each cluster. Several parameters are available to customize cluster analysis, including adjustable penalties for small clusters and overlapping groups and a trash cluster to remove outliers. As an example application, we used the server to deconvolute multiple specificities in large-scale peptidome data generated by mass spectrometry. The server is available at http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/GibbsCluster-2.0.
Clustering crowds (2013)

We present a clustered personal classifier method (CPC method) that jointly estimates a classifier and clusters of workers in order to address the learning from crowds problem. Crowdsourcing allows us to create a large but low-quality data set at very low cost. The learning from crowds problem is to learn a classifier from such a low-quality data set. From some observations, we notice that workers form clusters according to their abilities. Although such a fact was pointed out several times, no method has applied it to the learning from crowds problem. We propose a CPC method that utilizes the clusters of the workers to improve the performance of the obtained classifier, where both the classifier and the clusters of the workers are estimated. The proposed method has two advantages. One is that it realizes robust estimation of the classifier because it utilizes prior knowledge about the workers that they tend to form clusters. The other is that we can obtain the clusters of the workers, which help us analyze the properties of the workers. Experimental results on synthetic and real data sets indicate that the proposed method can estimate the classifier robustly. In addition, clustering workers is shown to work well. Especially in the real data set, an outlier worker was found by applying the proposed method.
노인의 복합문제 해결을 위한 서비스 연계방안 : 소득․학대․우울․자살문제를 중심으로 (2015)

본 연구는 노인들이 복합문제를 가진 정도, 노인문제들 간의 경로관계 등을 살펴보고 이를 바탕으로 복합문제의 해결을 위한 서비스 연계 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구방법상 설문에 의한 실증적인 연구로서, 조사대상은 부산시와 경상남도의 시지역에 거주하는 65세 이상의 노인들이다. 연구결과에 따르면, 조사대상 노인들 중 약 77.8%가 복합문제를 가진 것으로...
‘Non‐hypotensive’ hypovolaemia reduces ascending aortic dimensions in humans. (1995)

1. The notion that small, 'non-hypotensive' reductions of effective blood volume alter neither arterial pressure nor arterial baroreceptor activity is pervasive in the experimental literature. We tested two hypotheses: (a) that minute arterial pressure and cardiac autonomic outflow changes during hypovolaemia induced by lower body suction in humans are masked by alterations in breathing, and (b) that evidence for arterial baroreflex engagement might be obtained from measurements of thoracic aorta dimensions. 2. In two studies, responses to graded lower body suction at 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, 20 and 40 mmHg were examined in twelve and ten healthy young men, respectively. In the first, arterial pressure (photoplethysmograph), R-R interval, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia amplitude (complex demodulation) were measured during uncontrolled and controlled breathing (constant breathing frequency and tidal volume). In the second, cross-sectional areas of the ascending thoracic aorta were calculated from nuclear magnetic resonance images. 3. Lower body suction with controlled breathing resulted in an increased arterial pulse pressure at mild levels (5-20 mmHg; ANOVA, P < 0.05) and a decreased arterial pulse pressure at moderate levels (40 mmHg; ANOVA, P < 0.05). Both R-R intervals and respiratory sinus arrhythmia were negatively related to lower body suction level, whether group averages (general linear regression, r > 0.92) or individual subjects (orthogonal polynomials, 12 of 12 subjects) were assessed. 4. Aortic pulse area decreased progressively and significantly during mild lower body suction, with 47% of the total decline occurring by 5 mmHg. 5. These results suggest that small reductions of effective blood volume reduce aortic baroreceptive areas and trigger haemodynamic adjustments which are so efficient that alterations in arterial pressure escape detection by conventional means.
Seeding atomic layer deposition of high-k dielectric on graphene with ultrathin poly(4-vinylphenol) layer for enhanced device performance and reliability (2012)

We demonstrate that ultrathin poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVP) acts as an effective organic seeding layer for atomic layer deposition (ALD) of high-k dielectric on large-scale graphene fabricated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). While identical ALD conditions result in incomplete and rough dielectric deposition on CVD graphene, the reactive groups provided by the PVP seeding layer yield conformal and pinhole-free dielectric films throughout the large-scale graphene. Top-gate graphene field effect transistors fabricated with the high quality, PVP-seeded Al2O3 gate dielectric show superior carrier mobility and enhanced reliability performance, which are desirable for graphene nanoelectronics.