gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of tissue magnetic susceptibility‐induced distortions for MRIgRT (2012)

The susceptibility distortions were quantified as a function of multiple parameters such as the χ inhomogeneity size and shape, the magnitude of B(0) and the readout gradient, and the orientation of B(0) with respect to the sample geometry. The analysis was performed for several anatomical sites and corresponding to two B(0) orientations as featured by MR-linac systems.
Jellyfish Proteins Light Up Cells (1997)

The power of multiphoton imaging to illuminate components deep within living cells and tissues rests almost as much on improving fluorescent reagents as it does on high-tech lasers (see main text). Although some proteins, such as serotonin, fluoresce naturally when zapped with multiple photons, others must be tagged with fluorescent dyes in order to become visible.
Translational incorporation of <scp>L</scp>‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine into proteins (2005)

An Escherichia coli cell-free transcription/translation system was used to explore the high-level incorporation of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) into proteins by replacing tyrosine with DOPA in the reaction mixtures. ESI-MS showed specific incorporation of DOPA in place of tyrosine. More than 90% DOPA incorporation at each tyrosine site was achieved, allowing the recording of clean 15N-HSQC NMR spectra. A redox-staining method specific for DOPA was shown to provide a sensitive and generally applicable method for assessing the cell-free production of proteins. Of four proteins produced in soluble form in the presence of tyrosine, two resulted in insoluble aggregates in the presence of high levels of DOPA. DOPA has been found in human proteins, often in association with various disease states that implicate protein aggregation and/or misfolding. Our results suggest that misfolded and aggregated proteins may result, in principle, from ribosome-mediated misincorporation of intracellular DOPA accumulated due to oxidative stress. High-yield cell-free protein expression systems are uniquely suited to obtain rapid information on solubility and aggregation of nascent polypeptide chains.
A novel distance measurement technique for indoor positioning systems based on Zadoff-Chu Sequences (2017)

A novel method for distance estimation is introduced, based on an OFDM signal combined with the Zadoff-Chu Sequences. By exploiting the properties of these sequences it is possible to evaluate the distance between a transmitter and a receiver with a very good precision and accuracy. The technique effectiveness is demonstrated in a real operating environment by measuring the distance between two active devices and using a pair of Right-Hand circularly polarized helical antennas, achieving a mean final error of 2.94 cm and a mean standard deviation of 0.95 cm with only 20 MHz of bandwidth. The proposed technique can be used in the implementation of indoor positioning systems.
Studies on amino acid derivatives. IX. Synthesis of chiral penam-3-carboxylic acid and its substituted derivatives. (1989)

Methyl penam-(3S)-carboxylate (methyl 7-oxo-1-thia-4-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-(3S)-carboxylate), the basic skeleton of penicillin-type β-lactams, has been synthesized from D-cysteine methyl ester and tert-butyl formylacetate in three steps through the formation of the thiazolidinylacetic acid followed by cyclization by Mukaiyama-Ohno's procedure. Use of D-penicillamine methyl ester as well as the dimethyl derivative of tert-butyl formylacetate in the above method provides a general synthetic route to a variety of methyl penam-(3S)-carboxylates having methyl groups at the 2 and/or 6-positions.The yields as well as stereoselectivity at C-5 in the cyclization step are shown to be strongly dependent upon the patterns of substituents on the thiazolidinylacetic acid skeleton, and the reason for this is discussed from the mechanistic viewpoint.
Human Nucleotide Excision Repair Efficiently Removes Chromium-DNA Phosphate Adducts and Protects Cells against Chromate Toxicity (2004)

Intracellular reduction of carcinogenic Cr(VI) leads to the extensive formation of Cr(III)-DNA phosphate adducts. Repair mechanisms for chromium and other DNA phosphate-based adducts are currently unknown in human cells. We found that nucleotide excision repair (NER)-proficient human cells rapidly removed chromium-DNA adducts, with an average t((1/2)) of 7.1 h, whereas NER-deficient XP-A, XP-C, and XP-F cells were severely compromised in their ability to repair chromium-DNA lesions. Activation of NER in Cr(VI)-treated human fibroblasts or lung epithelial H460 cells was manifested by XPC-dependent binding of the XPA protein to the nuclear matrix, which was also observed in UV light-treated (but not oxidant-stressed) cells. Intracellular replication of chromium-modified plasmids demonstrated increased mutagenicity of binary Cr(III)-DNA and ternary cysteine-Cr(III)-DNA adducts in cells with inactive NER. NER deficiency created by the loss of XPA in fibroblasts or by knockdown of this protein by stable expression of small interfering RNA in H460 cells increased apoptosis and clonogenic death by Cr(VI), providing genetic evidence for the role of monofunctional chromium-DNA adducts in the toxic effects of this metal. The rate of NER of chromium-DNA adducts under saturating conditions was calculated to be approximately 50,000 lesions/min/cell. Because chromium-DNA adducts cause only small changes in the DNA helix, rapid repair of these modifications in human cells indicates that the presence of major structural distortions in DNA is not required for the efficient detection of the damaged sites by NER proteins in vivo.
Mammalian ELAV-like neuronal RNA-binding proteins HuB and HuC promote neuronal development in both the central and the peripheral nervous systems (1999)

Hu proteins are mammalian embryonic lethal abnormal visual system (ELAV)-like neuronal RNA-binding proteins that contain three RNA recognition motifs. Although Drosophila ELAV is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons, the roles played by the Hu genes in the mammalian nervous system remain largely unknown. To explore the in vivo functions of mouse Hu proteins, we overexpressed them in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, where they induced neuronal phenotype in the absence of nerve growth factor. We have characterized the functions of various forms of mHuB and mHuC bearing point mutations or deletions. Mutants of mHuC that had amino acid exchanges in the RNP1 domain of the first or second RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) lost biologic activity as well as RNA-binding activity. In addition, the mutants containing only the third RRM failed to induce the neuronal phenotype in PC12 cells and inhibited the biologic activity of cotransfected wild-type mHuB and mHuC, thus acting as a dominant-negative form. However, these mutants could not suppress the nerve growth factor-induced differentiation of PC12 cells. Further, we misexpressed wild-type and dominant-negative Hu in E9.5 mouse embryos, by using electroporation into the neural tube at the level of the rhombencephalon. mHuB and mHuC induced the ectopic expression of neuronal markers, whereas the dominant-negative forms of mHuB and mHuC suppressed the differentiation of central nervous system motor neurons. From these results, we suggest that Hu proteins are required for neuronal differentiation in the mammalian nervous system.
Auction mechanisms for network resource allocation (2010)

Abstract—In the autonomic Internet of the future, auction mechanisms arise as key methods for realizing efficient resource allocation. The major asset of auctions is their obliviousness to node utilities, which renders them capable of achieving a desired resource allocation regime without knowledge of the utility functions of involved entities. Auctions can aid in addressing major research challenges in such autonomic settings, such as the need to cope with diverse and conflicting interests of network entities, the need to carry out resource allocation in a decentralized manner, the requirement for matching dynamic spatiotemporal patterns of demand and supply, and the need to operate under limited or no network state and utility information. In this survey paper, we delineate the main trends and challenges associated with auction design. We start from first principles auction design for maximum auctioneer revenue or maximum allocation efficiency for one or multiple indivisible items and for divisible resources. We gradually move to more composite models, those of position auctions for Internet advertisements and those arising in spectrum sharing in cognitive radio networks. We argue that some directions worth pursuing are: (i) the design of advanced auction models that capture multi-level interaction of involved entities, (ii) the employment of double auctions for multiple seller and buyer interaction, and (iii) the design of decentralized negotiation and resource trading mechanisms. I.
Introduction (2005)

Cheap, tiny, plentiful radio-frequency identification tags will make it possible to tag almost everything, spurring a revolution in how physical objects interact with information services.
A novel approach to WLAN mesh interworking with multiple mesh portals (2008)

In this paper we study IEEE 802.11s-based wireless local area network (WLAN) mesh interworking with external LANs. Interworking with multiple mesh portals is necessary not only for network reliability but also for load balancing and increased throughput. In case, however, two or more mesh portals connect the mesh to one external LAN segment, broadcast loops may occur and the IEEE 802.1D bridging protocol may cause the LAN ports of mesh portals to be closed, which results in interworking with the LAN through only one mesh portal. To enable multiple portals in WLAN mesh interworking, we propose a new architecture for mesh portals to implement all but the port blocking function of IEEE 802.1D bridge; thus allowing bridge protocol data units (BPDUs) to be transparently forwarded inside the mesh network. Our proposal is to eliminate the formation of broadcast loops while enabling multiple mesh portals to interwork with the same external LAN segment. This can be achieved by filtering frames at mesh portals making use of new fields we introduce in the portal announcement information element and mesh header so that no frame can be transmitted from a mesh portal to another portal more than once when both mesh portals are connected to the same LAN segment.
Human α-endosulfine, a possible regulator of sulfonylurea-sensitive K <sub>ATP</sub> channel: Molecular cloning, expression and biological properties (1998)

Sulfonylureas are a class of drugs commonly used in the management of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Their therapeutic action results primarily from their ability to inhibit ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in the plasma membrane of pancreatic beta cells and thereby stimulate insulin release. A key question is whether an endogenous ligand for the KATP channel exists that is able to mimic the inhibitory effects of sulfonylureas. We describe here the cloning of the cDNA encoding human alpha-endosulfine, a 13-kDa peptide that is a putative candidate for such a role. alpha-Endosulfine is expressed in a wide range of tissues including muscle, brain, and endocrine tissues. The recombinant protein displaces binding of the sulfonylurea [3H]glibenclamide to beta cell membranes, inhibits cloned KATP channel currents, and stimulates insulin secretion. We propose that endosulfine is an endogenous regulator of the KATP channel, which has a key role in the control of insulin release and, more generally, couples cell metabolism to electrical activity.
Recent developments in the chemistry of phosphorus. (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRecent developments in the chemistry of phosphorus.L. F. Audrieth and O. F. Hill Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1948, 25, 2, 80Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1948Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 February 1948Published inissue 1 February 1948https://doi.org/10.1021/ed025p80RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views126Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (5 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Tumor necrosis factor leads to the internalization and degradation of thrombomodulin from the surface of bovine aortic endothelial cells in culture (1989)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a mediator of the inflammatory response, induces tissue factor and decreases the expression of thrombomodulin (TM) on endothelial cells, thus shifting the hemostatic properties of the endothelium. To determine the mechanism of TM downregulation, bovine aortic endothelial cells in culture were treated with TNF (2 nmol/L) and the fate of TM followed. Both surface expressed TM (antigen and activity), and the total TM pool (measured by radioimmunoassay and activity in detergent extracts) dropped to less than or equal to 20% of control values within 12 hours of TNF treatment. TM was not found in an immunologically recognizable form in the supernatants of treated cultures. Chloroquine (greater than or equal to 100 mumol/L) was able to abrogate the TNF effect on the total TM pool but not the effect on surface-expressed TM activity. We conclude that TNF induces the internalization and subsequent degradation of the TM molecule. None of the components of the protein C anticoagulant pathway, either alone or in combination, prevented the TNF-dependent downregulation of TM antigen.
성인성 호흡부전증 ( ARDS ) 의 호흡역학 개선을 위한 실험연구 (1997)

The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a disorder of diffuse lung injury secondary to a wide variety of clinical insults including sepsis. It is manifested by impaired oxygenation, pulmonary edema, decreased static and dynamic compliance of lung, and increased airway resistance. Reduced lung compliance together with increased airway resistance is a hallmark of the syndrome and has generally been considered as the primary abnormality of lung mechanics. The study was designed to reproduce an ARDS condition in an animal model with acute lung injury and to determine whether these changes are reversed by inhalation of aerosolized bronchodilator such as salbutamol or nicorandil. Six adult mongrel dogs were exposed to intravenous oleic acid (0.08 ml/kg) mixed into a same amount of pure enthanol. We defined a condition of Pa02 less than 60 mmHg in Fi02 0.6 as an acute diffuse lung injury. Lung mechanics were deteriorated after oleic acid injection, from 27.33+-2.73 to 17.50+-7.47 cmH20/I/sec in compliance and from 14.55+-4.46 to 26.33+-6.02 ml/cmH20 in airway resistance. Salbutamol or Nicorandil inhalation significantly improved lung compliance to 30.67+-11.30 or 36.33+-9.00 cmH20/l/sec and airway resistance to 16.77+-7.47 or 19.55+-5A5 ml/cmH20. From above data, we carefully concluded that compromized lung mechanics in adult respiratory distress syndrome could be effectively managed by inhalation of aerolized bronchodilator.
ABOUT NONLINEAR DEPENDENCE OF REMOTE SENSING AND DIFFUSE REFLECTION COEFFICIENTS ON GORDON'S PARAMETER (2003)

Abstract: Remote sensing rrs and diffuse reflection R coefficients of seawater are dependent on inherent optical properties of seawater through the Gordon’s parameter g b a bB B = + / (), where a is an absorption, and bB is backscattering coefficients. Majority of researchers in ocean optics use linear approximation for rrs and R, i. e. r grs ∝ and R g ∝. This approach works well when g ≤ 0 1.. All open and largest part of coastal waters satisfy this condition, but there are some cases when parameter g is as large as 0.98. We illustrate this fact with a histogram of Gordon’s parameter g for the Yellow sea waters. We present a choice of alternative rigorous nonlinear equations for R that solve this problem, i.e. significantly reduce the error of the restoration of the Gordon’s parameter g from remote sensing optical data and.estimate possible errors in using linear dependencies 1.
An Organophilic Pervaporation Membrane Derived from Metal–Organic Framework Nanoparticles for Efficient Recovery of Bio‐Alcohols (2011)

On the road to recovery: The dynamic apertures and superhydrophobic surfaces of the metal–organic framework ZIF-8 result in its extraordinary ability to selectively adsorb alcohols. When incorporated into a polymer matrix, the ZIF-8 nanoparticles provide preferential pathways for the permeation of organic compounds and allow the efficient pervaporative recovery of bio-alcohols from fermentation broths (see picture).
Collagen VI Encodes Antimicrobial Activity: Novel Innate Host Defense Properties of the Extracellular Matrix (2012)

Collagen type VI is a subepithelial extracellular matrix component in airways and an adhesive substrate for oral pathogens [Bober et al.: J Innate Immun 2010;2:160-166]. Here, we report that collagen VI displays a dose-dependent antimicrobial activity against group A, C, and G streptococci by membrane disruption in physiological conditions. The data disclose previously unrecognized aspects of the extracellular matrix in innate host defense.
Validation and Subsequent Development of the Derek Skin Sensitization Rulebase by Analysis of the BgVV List of Contact Allergens (1999)

The DEREK knowledge-based computer system contains a subset of approximately 50 rules describing chemical substructures (toxophores) responsible for skin sensitization. This rulebase, based originally on Unilever historical in-house guinea pig maximization test data, has been subject to extensive validation and is undergoing refinement as the next stage of its development. As part of an ongoing program of validation and testing, the predictive ability of the sensitization rule set has been assessed by processing the structures of the 84 chemical substances in the list of contact allergens issued by the BgVV (German Federal Institute for Health Protection of Consumers). This list of chemicals is important because the biological data for each of the chemicals have been carefully scrutinized and peer reviewed, a key consideration in an area of toxicology in which much unreliable and potentially misleading data have been published. The existing DEREK rulebase for skin sensitization identified toxophores for skin sensitization in the structures of 71 out of the 84 chemicals (85%). The exercise highlighted areas of chemistry where further development of the rulebase was required, either by extension of the scope of existing rules or by generation of new rules where a sound mechanistic rationale for the biological activity could be established. Chemicals likely to be acting as photoallergens were identified, and new rules for photoallergenicity have subsequently been written. At the end of the exercise, the refined rulebase was able to identify toxophores for skin sensitization for 82 of the 84 chemicals in the BgVV list.
Morphological features of naevoid melanoma: results of a multicentre study of the International Dermoscopy Society (2014)

While NeMs may be clinically difficult to differentiate from naevi, any papillomatous lesion displaying dermoscopically atypical vessels and/or irregular dots/globules should prompt consideration for the possible diagnosis of NeM.
Plasma production from helicon waves (1996)

Experimental measurements taken in a large magnetoplasma show that a simple double half-turn antenna will excite m=1 helicon waves with wavelengths from 10–60 cm. Increased ionization in the center of the downstream plasma is measured when the axial wavelength of the helicon wave becomes less than the characteristic length of the system, typically 50–100 cm. A sharp maximum in the plasma density downstream from the source is measured for a magnetic field of 50 G, where the helicon wave phase velocity is about 3×108 cm s−1. Transport of energy away from the source to the downstream region must occur to create the hot electrons needed for the increased ionization. A simple model shows that electrons in a Maxwellian distribution most likely to ionize for these experimental conditions also have a velocity of around 3×108 cm s−1. This strong correlation suggests that the helicon wave is trapping electrons in the Maxwellian distribution with velocities somewhat slower than the wave and accelerating them into a quasibeam with velocity somewhat faster than the wave. The nonlinear increase in central density downstream as the power is increased for helicon waves with phase velocities close to the optimum electron velocity for ionization lends support to this idea.
Optimization of point target tracking filters (2000)

We review a powerful temporal-based algorithm, a triple temporal filter (TTF) with six input parameters, for detecting and tracking point targets in consecutive frame data acquired with staring infrared (IR) cameras. Using an extensive data set of locally acquired real-world data, we used an iterative optimization technique, the Simplex algorithm, to find an optimum set of input parameters for a given data set. Analysis of correlations among the optimum filter parameters based on a representative subset of our database led to two improved versions of the filter: one dedicated to noise-dominated scenes, the other to cloud clutter-dominated scenes. Additional correlations of filter parameters with measures of clutter severity and target velocity as well as simulations of filter responses to idealized targets reveal which features of the data determine the best choice of filter parameters. The performance characteristics of the filter is detailed by a few example scenes and metric plots of signal to clutter gains and signal to noise gains over the total database.
Prognostic Significance of the Cancer Stem Cell Markers CD133, CD44, and CD166 in Colorectal Cancer (2009)

CD133, CD44, and CD166 are cell surface markers that have recently been associated with colorectal cancer stem cells. As which of these markers has the greatest impact on patient prognosis is currently unknown, we compared their expression and prognostic significance in 110 colorectal adenocarcinomas. We demonstrate that expression of CD133 correlates with that of CD166, while both do not correlate with CD44. We show that CD133 is the best sole marker to predict low patient survival, while the combined analysis of all three markers may be superior in identification of low-, intermediate-, and high-risk cases of colorectal cancer.