gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Can siRNA Technology Provide the Tools for Gene Therapy of the Future? (2006)

A new era in genetics has started 15 years ago, when co-suppression in petunia has been discovered. Later, co-suppression was identified as RNA interference (RNAi) in many plant and lower eukaryote animals. Although an ancient antiviral host defense mechanism in plants, the physiologic role of RNAi in mammals is still not completely understood. RNAi is directed by short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), one subtype of short double stranded RNAs. In this review we summarize the history and mechanisms of RNAi. We also aim to highlight the correlation between structure and efficacy of siRNAs. Delivery is the most important obstacle for siRNA based gene therapy. Viral and nonviral deliveries are discussed. In vivo delivery is the next obstacle to clinical trials with siRNAs. Although hydrodynamic treatment is effective in animals, it cannot be used in human therapy. One possibility is organ selective catheterization. The known side effects of synthesized siRNAs are also discussed. Although there are many problems to face in this new field of gene therapy, successful in vitro and in vivo experiments raise hope for treating human disease with siRNA.
Development and clinical use of the new gastrointestinal prokinetic drug cisapride (R 51 619) (1986)

Abstract Cisapride is a new gastrointestinal prokinetic substance that is devoid of antidopaminergic and direct muscarinic activity. This was evidenced by a lack of effect on prolactin release and gastric secretion. In man, cisapride stimulates lower esophageal, gastric, small intestinal, and colonic motility. Accordingly, cisapride significantly improves esophageal reflux disorders, gastroparesis, and constipation and has been successfully used in the treatment of clinical conditions that result from a deficient motor coordination.
Cloning and Characterization of the Crystal Protein-Encoding Gene of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> subsp. <i>yunnanensis</i> (2002)

Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel cry gene, cry32Aa, of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. yunnanensis was carried out. The Cry32Aa protein was predicted to have a molecular mass of 139.2 kDa and was found to have an unusual 42-amino-acid-long tail at the C terminus. The cry32Aa gene was localized on the 103-MDa plasmid of the organism. Bioassays showed no toxicity against several moths and mosquitoes. However, it exhibited weak toxicity against larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella.
Myocardial protection by Protykin, a novel extract of<i>trans</i>-resveratrol and emodin (2000)

Protykin is an all-natural, high potency standardized extract of trans-resveratrol (20%) and emodin (10%) derived from the dried rhizome of Polygonum cuspidatum. Previous studies have demonstrated free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities of resveratrol. Since free radicals play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, we examined whether Protykin could preserve the heart during ischemic arrest. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: experimental group was gavaged Protykin (100 mg/kg body wt) dissolved in corn oil for three weeks, while the control group was gavaged corn oil alone. After three weeks, rats were sacrificed, isolated hearts perfused via working mode, were made globally ischemic for 30 min followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Left ventricular functions were continuously monitored and malonaldehyde (MDA) (presumptive marker for oxidative stress) formation were estimated. At the end of each experiment, myocardial infarct size was measured by TTC staining method. Peroxyl radical scavenging activity of Protykin was determined by examining its ability to remove peroxyl radical generated by 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, while hydroxy radical scavenging activity was tested with its ability to reduce 7-OH*-coumarin-3-carboxylic acid. The results of our study demonstrated that the Protykin group provided cardioprotection as evidenced by improved post-ischemic left ventricular functions (dp, dp/dt(max)) and aortic flow as compared to control group. This was further supported by the reduced infarct size in the Protykin group. Formation of MDA was also reduced by Protykin treatment. In vitro studies demonstrated that Protykin possessed potent peroxyl and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. The results of this study indicate that Protykin can provide cardioprotection, presumably by virtue of its potent free radical scavenging activity.
[Laparoscopy for the diagnosis of endometriosis: analysis of 254 cases]. (1991)

Two-hundred and fifty-four cases of pelvic endometriosis were diagnosed by laparoscopy from January 1979 through December 1986 in our hospital. The diagnosis was correct in 94.5% of the cases. Biopsy of the peritoneal lesions with aspiration of the chocolate cysts under laparoscopy has improved the diagnostic accuracy. Laparoscopy is an ideal procedure not only for diagnosing and staging endometriosis, but also for predicting the reproductive potential of infertile patients and planning future treatment.
Spatiotemporal filtering and motion illusions (2013)

Author Response to Letter: Clarke A. M. Repnow M. Öğmen H. Herzog M. H. (2013). <i>Does spatio-temporal filtering account for nonretinotopic motion perception? Comment on Pooresmaeili, Cicchini, Morrone, and Burr (2012)</i>. Journal of Vision, 13 (10): 20, 1–14, doi:10.1167/13.10.20.
Assessing accuracy factors in deformable 2D/3D medical image registration using a statistical pelvis model (2003)

Deformable 2D-3D medical image registration is an essential technique in computer integrated surgery (CIS) to fuse 3D pre-operative data with 2D intra-operative data. Several factors may affect the accuracy of 2D-3D registration, including the number of 2D views, the angle between views, the view angle relative to anatomical objects, the co-registration error between views, the image noise, and the image distortion. In this paper, we investigate and assess the relationship between these factors and the accuracy of 2D-3D registration. We proposed a deformable 2D-3D registration method based on a statistical model. We conducted experiments using a hemi-pelvis model and simulated X-ray images. Some discussions are provided on how to improve the accuracy of 2D-3D registration based on our assessment.
Carbamoylphosphonate Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors 6: <i>cis</i>-2-Aminocyclohexylcarbamoylphosphonic Acid, A Novel Orally Active Antimetastatic Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Selective Inhibitor—Synthesis and Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Analysis (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCarbamoylphosphonate Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors 6: cis-2-Aminocyclohexylcarbamoylphosphonic Acid, A Novel Orally Active Antimetastatic Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Selective Inhibitor—Synthesis and Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic AnalysisAmnon Hoffman*, Bashir Qadri, Julia Frant, Yiffat Katz, Sudhakar R. Bhusare, Eli Breuer*, Rivka Hadar, and Reuven Reich*Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2008, 51, 14, 4357–4358Publication Date (Web):June 21, 2008Publication History Published online21 June 2008Published inissue 1 July 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm800674shttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm800674scorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 . This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views493Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (476 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Cancer,Fluids,Inhibition,Inhibitors,Rodent models Get e-Alerts
Epilepsy Like Anomaly of Mice (1959)

An epilepsy-like anomaly of mice was encountered in the course of investigations of spontaneous hydrocephalus of mice in November, 1954. When mice were thrown up gently about 10-15cm high on a board for several times, they fell down suddenly on the plate followd by violent convulsions (Photo. 1-3) . After about 5 minutes, they stood up and recovered completely. These convulsions occurred suddenly and recovered very rapidly. Neuro-physiologically, loss of wrightening reflex, tonic convulsion, clonic convulsion and locomotive movement were observed. Reproduction of the anomaly by inoculation of a brain emulsion from the mice into normal ones resulted all negative. Bacteriological and PPLO examinations were also negative. In histopathological examinations, no significant lesions were noted either in the brain or in the visceral organs.On the contrary, the characters were transmitted to their offsprings by mating. Homogeneous mating indicated 100 per cent positive, over four generations. A certain time lag (about 7 weeks or more) was required for the occurrence of the anomaly. At present (1959, January), it has reached to 12 generations and 7 or 8 weeks are necessary for the occurrence after their birth.It is evident that this anomaly was due to genetic background. From an experiment of outcross, these characters seemed to be transmitted dominantly, however, it is difficult to make any conclusion about genes at present. Sex and food seemed to have no influence upon the occurrence of the anomaly.Finally, it was concluded that this anomaly of micee is a new character being different from any mutants which are known, or from augiogenic seizures in several points.
A murine model of CML blast crisis induced by cooperation between BCR/ABL and NUP98/HOXA9 (2002)

Constitutive activation of tyrosine kinases, such as the BCR/ABL fusion associated with t(9;22)(q34;q22), is a hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) syndromes in humans. Expression of BCR/ABL is both necessary and sufficient to cause a chronic myeloproliferative syndrome in murine bone marrow transplantation models, and absolutely depends on kinase activity. Progression of CML to acute leukemia (blast crisis) in humans has been associated with acquisition of secondary chromosomal translocations, including the t(7;11)(p15;p15) resulting in the NUP98/HOXA9 fusion protein. We demonstrate that BCR/ABL cooperates with NUP98/HOXA9 to cause blast crisis in a murine model. The phenotype depends both on expression of BCR/ABL and NUP98/HOXA9, but tumors retain sensitivity to the ABL inhibitor STI571 in vitro and in vivo. This paradigm is applicable to other constitutively activated tyrosine kinases such as TEL/PDGFbetaR. These experiments document cooperative effects between constitutively activated tyrosine kinases, which confer proliferative and survival properties to hematopoietic cells, with mutations that impair differentiation, such as the NUP98/HOXA9, giving rise to the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) phenotype. Furthermore, these data indicate that despite acquisition of additional mutations, CML blast crisis cells retain their dependence on BCR/ABL for proliferation and survival.
App inventor and real-world motivation (2011)

App Inventor is a visual blocks language for creating mobile apps. As part of a Google pilot program, App Inventor was taught to university students in a core curriculum course at the University of San Francisco. This paper introduces App Inventor and the course, focusing on how the language facilitated interactions with the world outside of the classroom.
Comparison of multichannel electrogastrograms obtained with the use of three different electrode types (2006)

The goal of the study was to establish if the conductive area size of recording electrodes affects the quality of a multichannel electrogastrogram. In twelve volunteers (9F, 3M, median age 24 years, range 22-28) on three separate days fasted and postprandial four-channel electrogastrograms were registered in randomized order with Red Dot class Ag/AgCl electrodes of a type: ;2222' (conductive area/total area: 2.00/10.24 cm2, ;2271' 2.54/29.64 cm2, or ;2660' 11.64/11.64 cm2 (total surface conductive!), and subsequently analyzed with a dedicated software. In the case of type 2271 and 2660 the between-electrode electrical conductivity improved at the end of the recording relative to the basal measurement, whereas type 2222 yielded a stable between-electrode electrical conductivity throughout the examination. Despite the differences in either the conductive area size or its construction, the analysis of variance on parameters describing quantitatively the multichannel electrogastrogram did not reveal a superiority of any from among the electrodes tested. Type 2271 was, however, rated the less handy among the three electrodes. Multichannel surface electrogastrography seems to be technically feasible with any type of high quality electrodes, therefore small dimensions and easy handling may favor the choice of a particular type for this examination.
Maximum likelihood estimation of A-scan amplitudes for coherent targets in media of unresolvable scatterers (1992)

The author derives a maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE) for A-scan amplitudes corresponding to coherent reflectors embedded in media of unresolvable scatterers. The MLE processes sampled RF A-scans from broadband ultrasonic pulse-echo systems. A major source of interference for these signals is the backscattered energy from the unresolvable scatterers that exist throughout the beam field. A statistical model is formulated that characterizes the backscattered energy from a resolution cell when a coherent target scatterer is present. It is shown that the MLE is equivalent to a matched filter when the distribution of the interfering back-scatter energy is stationary over the resolution cell. In addition, the form of the MLE is described when the interfering echoes are not stationary within the resolution cell. Experimental results are presented for an adaptive implementation of the MLE applied to flaw detection in stainless steel. The results demonstrate the ability of the MLE to reveal targets masked by grain echoes, without prior knowledge of the gain-echo spectral characteristics.
An object state test model: object state diagram (1995)

Since class objects are the major components in object-oriented (oo) programs during run-time, specifying and testing the behavior of these objects become important tasks in testing of object-oriented programs to complement other types of testing, such as structure-testing and functional testing. To check the behavior of objects in oo programs, an object state model is needed to represent the dynamic behavior of a complex object. This paper proposes a specification-based test model, called object state diagram (OSD), to capture and represent behavior of each class data attribute as well as its state behavior for the inherited attributes and/or encapsulated concurrent objects. The model is an extension of the existing state models, it supports basic oo features, such as class objects, inheritance, aggregation and overloading. The detailed discussion about the object state constructions based on a class specification and operation specifications are provided. In addition, the OSD applications in testing of object-oriented programs are addressed.
The Role of Pemetrexed in Advanced Non Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Special Focus on Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action (2009)

Pemetrexed is a newer antifolate drug that has been approved as first-line treatment for patients with advanced non-squamous, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in combination with cisplatin, and as single agent for relapsed or chemotherapy refractory NSCLC after platinum-containing chemotherapy, at a dose of 500 mg/m(2). Pemetrexed undergoes intracellular activation by poly-gamma-glutamylation, that is essential for its antiproliferative activity. Polyglutamate derivatives mainly inhibit three key enzymes of intracellular folate metabolism, i.e. thymidylates synthase (TYMS), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT), with TYMS being the most relevant target. Pemetrexed undergoes rapid renal elimination as unchanged parent compound, with a terminal half-life of between two to five hours. In later clinical development, the usefulness of supplementation with folic acid and vitamin B(12) became evident, to control pemetrexed-related toxicity. The results from the phase III upfront registration study, a retrospective observational data, and a recent maintenance study of pemetrexed in NSCLC suggest histological subtype to be the most important predictive marker for clinical outcome in patients receiving pemetrexed, Pemetrexed is active in patients with non-squamous cell NSCLC while no benefit is seen in patients with squamous-cell histology, possibly as a result of different expression of intratumoral TYMS. These are important steps towards individualisation of anticancer treatment in patients with advanced NSCLC.
Design of a digital library for human movement (2001)

This paper is focused on a central aspect in the design of our planned digital library for human movement, i.e. on the aspect of representation and recognition of human activity from video data. The method of representation is important since it has a major impact on the design of all the other building blocks of our system such as the user interface/query block or the activity recognition/storage block. In this paper we evaluate a representation method for human movement that is based on sequences of angular poses and angular velocities of the human skeletal joints, for storage and retrieval of human actions in video databases. The choice of a representation method plays an important role in the database structure, search methods, storage efficiency etc.. For this representation, we develop a novel approach for complex human activity recognition by employing multidimensional indexing combined with temporal or sequential correlation. This scheme is then evaluated with respect to its efficiency in storage and retrieval.
PLANTATION FORESTRY IN THE TROPICS – TRENDS AND PROSPECTS (1987)

SUMMARY Greater changes have taken place in plantation forestry since the late 1970s than at any other time. The area of new planting is probably more than 1 million ha per annum: more than double the figure of 15 years ago but still only one tenth of the current rate of tropical deforestation. The bulk of new projects and initiatives now aim to meet social and environmental forestry objectives rather than industrial ones. Integration of forestry and farming (agroforestry) is now being widely evaluated. Arid zone planting, especially to meet fodder, firewood and fencing requirements, has greatly increased. Funding for plantation development has encouraged social forestry programmes as these are now accorded high priority by development banks and bilateral aid projects etc, and has been aided in the social forestry sector by greatly increased involvement of non-governmental organizations (NGOs). The rate of new planting must continue to increase and the priority of meeting social objectives maintained if increasing hardship among the rural poor is to be avoided.
매트랩/시뮬링크 simulation model을 이용한 열전 모듈의 효율 예측 (2021)

Development new high-performance thermoelectric materials for more efficient power generation systems and eco-friendly refrigerating systems has been challenging. Over the past few decades, thermoelectric studies have been focused on increasing the thermoelectric properties of materials. However, for conventional applications, developing of thermoelectric devices or modules with lower cost and simpler fabrication processes is also important. Simulation models that can predict the thermoelectric efficiency of modules using the thermoelectric properties of materials are needed for this purpose. In this study, we developed a simple model for calculating the efficiency of thermoelectric modules using MATLAB/Simulink. In this model, the temperature difference between the hot source and heat sink was fixed to ensure the precise comparisons of thermoelectric efficiency. The electric resistivity and Seebeck coefficient of thermoelectric materials was used in order to predict the efficiency of the thermoelectric modules. Then, the efficiency of the thermoelectric modules was verified using measured values which had been reported in prior experimental works. In this study, the simulated values were higher than the real thermoelectric effiency values. To address this, the simulations should consider the thermal resistance or electric contact resistance between the thermoelectric materials and electrodes.
(Received July 16, 2021; Accepted August 24, 2021)
Components- Based Access Control Architecture (2009)

An international association advancing the multidisciplinary study of informing systems. Founded in 1998, the Informing Science Institute (ISI) is a global community of academics shaping the future of informing science.
Chitosan Derivatives Bearing Pendant Cyclodextrin Cavities: Synthesis and Inclusion Performance (2001)

A new synthetic route to β-cyclodextrin-linked chitosan was developed. This was based on the preparation of a monosubstituted β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative possessing a reducing sugar on the primary face followed by its reductive amination. The CD−polysaccharide was fully characterized in terms of chemical integrity and purity by high-resolution NMR and light scattering. The formation of inclusion complexes was investigated by NMR spectroscopy using tert-butylbenzoic acid and (+)-catechin as model guests. Inclusion properties of the grafted β-CDs were shown to be similar to those of native β-CD in terms of complex geometry and affinity constant. These results confirm that the pendant β-cyclodextrin preserves its conformation and its complexing characteristics.
Contamination Levels of PCDDs, PCDFs and CoPCBs in Fish Oils Used as Raw Materials for Margarine and Shortening and Retailed Fish (2005)

Toxic equivalent (TEQ) levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/DFs) and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (CoPCBs) were analyzed in both crude (n=5) and refined-hardening fish oils (n=2), which are used in part as the raw materials of margarine and shortening, and in some retailed fish (n=6), which may be similar to those used as sources of fish oil. PCDDs/DFs-TEQ levels ranged from 0.1 to 13.5 pg TEQ/g fat weight in crude fish oils, from 0.5 to 1.6 pg TEQ/g fat weight in refined-hardening fish oils, and ranged from 1.4 to 31.2 pg TEQ/g fat weight in retailed fish. The ranges of PCDDs/DFs-TEQ in crude fish oils, in refined-hardening fish oils and in retailed fish overlapped each other. In addition, CoPCBs-TEQ levels ranged from 4.9 to 19.6 pg TEQ/g fat weight in crude fish oils, from 0.2 to 1.4 pg TEQ/g fat weight in refined-hardening fish oils, and from 2.7 to 165.8 pg TEQ/g fat weight in retailed fish. TEQ levels of CoPCBs in refined-hardening fish oils were much lower than those in crude fish oils and in retailed fish. This was due to the lower concentrations of less-chlorinated congeners in refined-hardening fish oils, as compared to those in crude fish oils and retailed fish. It appears that less-chlorinated PCBs congeners in refined-hardening fish oils are partly removed during the refining process.
Differentiation of hepatocytes from mouse embryonic stem cells and its significance. (2005)

ES cells could differentiate into hepatocytes, which should be a new source of hepatocytes in transplantation of hepatocytes and liver engineering.