gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Biothreat Cluster Identification by PCR/Electrospray-Ionization Mass Spectrometry (2012)

Technology for comprehensive identification of biothreats in environmental and clinical specimens is needed to protect citizens in the case of a biological attack. This is a challenge because there are dozens of bacterial and viral species that might be used in a biological attack and many have closely related near-neighbor organisms that are harmless. The biothreat agent, along with its near neighbors, can be thought of as a biothreat cluster or a biocluster for short. The ability to comprehensively detect the important biothreat clusters with resolution sufficient to distinguish the near neighbors with an extremely low false positive rate is required. A technological solution to this problem can be achieved by coupling biothreat group-specific PCR with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS). The biothreat assay described here detects ten bacterial and four viral biothreat clusters on the NIAID priority pathogen and HHS/USDA select agent lists. Detection of each of the biothreat clusters was validated by analysis of a broad collection of biothreat organisms and near neighbors prepared by spiking biothreat nucleic acids into nucleic acids extracted from filtered environmental air. Analytical experiments were carried out to determine breadth of coverage, limits of detection, linearity, sensitivity, and specificity. Further, the assay breadth was demonstrated by testing a diverse collection of organisms from each biothreat cluster. The biothreat assay as configured was able to detect all the target organism clusters and did not misidentify any of the near-neighbor organisms as threats. Coupling biothreat cluster-specific PCR to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry simultaneously provides the breadth of coverage, discrimination of near neighbors, and an extremely low false positive rate due to the requirement that an amplicon with a precise base composition of a biothreat agent be detected by mass spectrometry.
Palladium-catalyzed reactions of vinylic bromides with allylic alcohol and amine derivatives (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium-catalyzed reactions of vinylic bromides with allylic alcohol and amine derivativesLien Chung Kao, F. Gregory Stakem, Babu A. Patel, and Richard F. HeckCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 7, 1267–1277Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00346a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00346a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views660Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Connexin43 modulates neutrophil recruitment to the lung (2009)

Transmigration of neutrophils through the microvascular endothelium is a cardinal event of acute inflammation. It has been suggested that gap junctions made of connexin43 (Cx43) may serve as a conducting pathway to spread inflammatory signals within the lung capillary network. To determine whether Cx43 contributes to neutrophil transmigration in vivo, the number of transmigrated neutrophils was monitored in lungs of Cx43 mouse models subjected to inflammation by intratracheal instillations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cx43 was detected in inflamed lungs independently of neutrophil recruitment, whereas Cx43 up-regulation was not detected in mice genetically protected from inflammation. Mice heterozygous for the Cx43 gene (gja1) showed a 56% (P < 0.01) reduction in airway neutrophil count. In contrast, increased (P < 0.05) neutrophil recruitment in response to LPS was observed in a mouse model expressing a mutant Cx43 with enhanced channel conductivity. In vitro adhesion assays showed that reduced conductivity of Cx43 channels with (43)Gap26, a Cx43 blocking peptide, decreased adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial cells. Finally, we found that instillation of (43)Gap26 in inflamed lungs reduced neutrophil transmigration by 65% (P < 0.05). These results indicate that inflammatory mediators up-regulate alveolar Cx43 to promote neutrophil recruitment to the airspace. Cx43 may therefore represent a pharmacological target in lung diseases characterized by excessive neutrophil recruitment to the airways.
A simple technique for the generation of dilute mixtures of pollutant gases (1974)

The pyrolysis of compounds whose decomposition produces equal numbers of reactive and stable molecules provides a simple quantitative means of generating dilute mixtures of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acrolein. The requirements with respect to the thermal stability of such "parent" compounds are discussed and the possible extentions to other reactive gas systems are considered.
Modeling of NOx Emissions from the Laboratory Regeneration of Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalyst (2005)

We have collected data on the emissions of NO, HCN, and N2 during the regeneration of spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst in two different laboratory-scale units. We have developed a model that describes how coke nitrogen is converted into gas-phase nitrogen-containing species during catalyst regeneration. In this model, the combustion of coke causes the volatilization of nitrogen as HCN, which then can be oxidized to NO or hydrolyzed to NH3. In the presence of coke, NO can be reduced to N2; this reaction is accelerated by the presence of CO. Our model accurately describes the main elements of the collected emissions data.
REGULATION OF FATTY ACID OXIDATION IN SKELETAL MUSCLE (1999)

Researchers using animals are beginning to elucidate the control of fatty acid metabolism in muscle at the molecular and enzymatic level. This review examines the physiological data that has been collected from human subjects in the context of the proposed control mechanisms. A number of factors, including the availability of free fatty acids and the abundance of fatty acid transporters, may influence the rate of muscle fatty acid oxidation. However, the predominant point of control appears to be the rate at which fatty acyl-coenzyme A is transported into the mitochondria by the carnitine palmitoyl transferase system. In turn, evidence suggests that the intracellular concentration of malonyl-coenzyme A in muscle is an important regulator of carnitine palmitoyl transferase-I activity. Malonyl-coenzyme A is increased by glucose, which is likely the mechanism whereby glucose intake suppresses the transfer of fatty acids into the mitochondria for subsequent oxidation. In contrast, malonyl-coenzyme A levels decrease during exercise, which enables increased fatty acid oxidation. However, for any given carnitine palmitoyl transferase-I activity, there may be an effect of free fatty acid availability on fatty acid oxidation, particularly at low levels of free fatty acids. Nonetheless, the rate of glucose or glycogen metabolism is probably the primary regulator of the balance between glucose and fatty acid oxidation in muscle.
DIGITAL PROCESSING OF BANDPASS SIGNALS (1986)

Modern radar and radio systems rely on digital signal processing to enhance the quality of received signals. Prior to such processing, these signals must be converted to digital form. The historical development of signal digitisation is briefly discussed in this paper and leads to a description of some current work on digital mixing. A method of directly sampling a band-limited intermediate frequency (i.f.) signal is presented, using a pair of digital mixer channels to produce complex low-pass samples of the signal envelope. The method is found to produce well matched channel outputs. Finally, the applicability of the method to radar is discussed.
FATE OF PREFORMED IMMUNE COMPLEXES IN RABBITS AND RHESUS MONKEYS (1971)

Preformed soluble immune complexes injected into rabbits or rhesus monkeys showed similar characteristics of disappearance from circulation. Complexes made with intact gammaG-antibodies and exceeding the Ag(2)Ab(2) lattice formation were rapidly removed by the hepatic RES. These complexes fixed complement effectively in vitro. Their hepatic uptake was not dependent upon circulating complement components, since their accumulation in the liver was unchanged in complement depleted rabbits. Similar antigen-antibody complexes made with reduced and alkylated gammaG-antibodies fixed complement ineffectively in vitro. These complexes possessed different disappearance characteristics and were not rapidly taken up by the liver, regardless of their degree of lattice formation. Both in vitro and in vivo studies failed to suggest any role for the immune adherence receptor on primate erythrocytes in the handling of circulating soluble immune complexes composed of BSA and gammaG-antibodies to this antigen.
Synthesis and characterization of cellulose ion exchangers. I. Polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and acrylic acid with cotton cellulose using thiocarbonate-H2O2 redox system (1997)

Polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and acrylic acid (AA) with cotton fabric using a cellulose thiocarbonate-hydrogen peroxide redox system as an initiator was investigated under different conditions. This includes the nature and concentration of the initiator and monomer, polymerization time and temperature, and liquor ratio. The percent of polymer add-on is generally favored by increasing monomer and H2O2 concentration, as well as duration and temperature of the polymerization, but with the certainty that the percent of polymer add-on follows the following order: GMA > DMAEMA > AA. On the other hand, the percent of polymer add-on increases by decreasing the liquor ratio. Incorporation of Fe2+ or Cu2+ ion in the polymerization system enhances the percent of polymer add-on significantly. Replacing the H2O2 by other oxidants such as Cr6+ or Mn4+ is made, and the capability of such cations to expedite polymerization of the said monomers with cotton cellulose is studied. Also studied is the synthesis of cation exchanger via reaction of poly(GMA)-cellulose copolymer with hexamethylene tetramine. Furthermore, the ion exchange characteristics of the cellulosic copolymers obtained with this as well as with other monomers are reported. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 1029–1037, 1997
Hydroxylamine Chemistry. V. Aralkoxyguanidines<sup>1</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydroxylamine Chemistry. V. Aralkoxyguanidines1D. G. Martin, E. L. Schumann, W. Veldkamp, and H. KeaslingCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1965, 8, 4, 456–459Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00328a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00328a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views140Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Singular value decomposition for the truncated Hilbert transform (2010)

Starting from a breakthrough result by Gelfand and Graev, inversion of the Hilbert transform became a very important tool for image reconstruction in tomography. In particular, their result is useful when the tomographic data are truncated and one deals with an interior problem. As was established recently, the interior problem admits a stable and unique solution when some a priori information about the object being scanned is available. The most common approach to solving the interior problem is based on converting it to the Hilbert transform and performing analytic continuation. Depending on what type of tomographic data are available, one gets different Hilbert inversion problems. In this paper, we consider two such problems and establish singular value decomposition for the operators involved. We also propose algorithms for performing analytic continuation. © 2010 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Transcriptional regulation of<i>Salmonella enterica</i>serovar Typhimurium genes by bile (2004)

DNA microarrays and two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis were utilized to analyze the global effect of bile on transcription and protein synthesis in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Two bile-regulated proteins, YciF and PagC, were identified by 2-D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry fingerprinting. The operon yciGFE-katN demonstrated increased transcriptional activity in the presence of bile. While this operon has previously been shown to be RpoS-regulated, data from this study suggested that yciGFE-katN is regulated by bile independent of RpoS. The PhoP-PhoQ-regulated PagC is decreased in the presence of bile. Characterization of the untranslated leader of pagC demonstrated that a 97-bp region is necessary for the bile-mediated repression of this promoter. Analysis of data from the DNA microarray revealed an effect of bile on important global mechanistic pathways in S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. Genes involved in type III secretion-mediated invasion of epithelial cells demonstrated an overall repression of transcription in the presence of bile, corroborating previously reported data from this laboratory [Infect. Immun. 68 (2000) 6763]. In addition, bile-mediated transcriptional repression of genes involved in flagellar biosynthesis and motility was observed. These data further demonstrate that bile is an important environmental signal sensed by Salmonella spp. and that bile plays a role in regulating bacterial gene expression in multiple virulence-associated pathways.
Enzymatic synthesis of ligand-bearing DNAs for metal-mediated base pairing utilising a template-independent polymerase (2016)

We have developed a novel method to synthesise artificial ligand-bearing DNAs utilising a template-independent DNA polymerase. Hydroxypyridone ligand-bearing nucleotides () were successively appended to DNA primers by the enzyme. The resulting strands, tailed with nucleotides, formed Cu(II)-mediated metallo-DNA duplexes through the formation of metal-mediated artificial base pairs (H-Cu(II)-H).
A Phase Ib Study to Evaluate the MEK Inhibitor Cobimetinib in Combination with the ERK1/2 Inhibitor GDC-0994 in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors (2020)

The safety profile of MEK and ERK inhibition demonstrated classic MAPK inhibitor-related adverse events (AEs). However, overlapping AEs and cumulative toxicity could not be adequately managed on either dosing schedule, restricting the ability to further develop this combination.
Latent TGF-β1-transduced CD4+ T cells suppress the progression of allergic encephalomyelitis (2005)

Systemic injection of small amounts of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), a cytokine produced by lymphoid and other cells, has a profound effect in protecting mice from the inflammatory demyelinating lesions of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE; an animal model for multiple sclerosis). However, TGF-beta has side-effects, which might be avoided if the cells producing TGF-beta can be delivered to the affected site in the nervous system to insure its local release in small amounts. Myelin basic protein (MBP)-specific, cloned CD4+ T cells were engineered by retroviral transduction to produce latent TGF-beta. Studies about the spontaneous form of EAE in T cell receptor (TCR)-transgenic recombination-activating gene (RAG)-1(-/-) mice showed that essentially all of the MBP-specific, TCR-transgenic RAG-1(-/-) (BALB/cxB10.PL)F1 mice develop spontaneous EAE by the age of 11 weeks. By 12 weeks, 25-50% of the mice have died from disease. A single injection of TGF-beta1-transduced T helper cell type 1 (Th1) cells significantly protected the mice from EAE, and untransduced Th1 cells did not protect. MBP-specific BALB/c Th2 clones, transduced with TGF-beta1-internal ribosome entry site-green fluorescent protein (GFP) significantly reduced EAE induction by untransduced Th1 cells in RAG-1(-/-) B10.PL mice. Furthermore, the GFP+ TGF-beta1-producing Th2 cells were detectable in the spinal cords of the injected mice.
Transplanted Neural Stem Cells Survive, Differentiate, and Improve Neurological Motor Function after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury (2002)

These data suggest that transplanted NSCs can survive in the traumatically injured brain, differentiate into neurons and/or glia, and attenuate motor dysfunction after traumatic brain injury.
Sub vocal Speech Recognition System based on EMG Signals (2015)

This paper presents results of electromyography (EMG) speech recognition which captures the electric potentials that are generated by the human articulatory muscles. EMG speech recognition holds promise for mitigating the effects of high acoustic noise on speech intelligibility in communication systems. Few words have been collected from EMG from a male subject, speaking normally and sub vocally. The collected signals are then required to be filtered and transformed into features using Wavelet Packet and statistical windowing techniques. Finally, the concept of neural network with back propagation method has been used for classification of data.Using windowed signals and the trained neural network an arduino operated bot was controlled as an application to demonstrate the future scope of the paper. The success rate was 73%.
Honey, I shrunk the bubbles: microfluidic vacuum shrinkage of lipid-stabilized microbubbles (2017)

We present a microfluidic technique that shrinks lipid-stabilized microbubbles from O(100) to O(1) μm in diameter - the size that is desirable in applications as ultrasound contrast agents. We achieve microbubble shrinkage by utilizing vacuum channels that are adjacent to the microfluidic flow channels to extract air from the microbubbles. We tune a single parameter, the vacuum pressure, to accurately control the final microbubble size. Finally, we demonstrate that the resulting O(1) μm diameter microbubbles have similar stability to microfluidically generated microbubbles that are not exposed to vacuum shrinkage. We anticipate that, with additional scale-up, this simple approach to shrink microbubbles generated microfluidically will be desirable in ultrasound imaging and therapeutic applications.
Smart card technology for deploying a secure information management framework (2000)

The continuously increasing need for de‐centralized information systems offering data to the people who need them irrespective of their physical location, as well as the requirement for exchanging information between different but interoperable systems, make the system’s architectural and functional design more complex and in many cases extremely vulnerable in respect to its security attributes. The concept of a “secure portable information file”, that can nowadays be easily implemented through the available smart card technology, can significantly ease information management and ensure maximum data protection in respect to their integrity, confidentiality and availability. This paper presents the use of smart cards in an educational environment as a case‐study example for demonstrating the above mentioned benefits, focussing on the utilization of the smart card’s cryptographic functions for implementing mechanisms capable of providing an extremely secure operational framework in terms of user and application provider authenticity, management of access privileges and data integrity and confidentiality.
Small Prism Infra-Red Spectrometry (1945)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation R. Bowling Barnes, Robert S. McDonald, Van Zandt Williams, Richard F. Kinnaird; Small Prism Infra‐Red Spectrometry. J. Appl. Phys. 1 February 1945; 16 (2): 77–86. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1707557 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioJournal of Applied Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Mapping the <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> Genome: Analyses of Representative Cosmid Libraries (1996)

In order to generate contiguous cosmid coverage of the genome of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi for large-scale sequence analysis, a cosmid library of 36864 individual, primary clones was generated. Total genomic DNA of the reference strain CL Brener was fragmented both by partial digestion with MboI and by physical shearing. For cloning, a modified cosmid vector was used that simplifies analyses such as restriction mapping. The library's representation is about 25 genome equivalents, assuming a size of 55 Mb per haploid genome. No chimerism of inserts in the clones could be detected. The colinearity between cosmid inserts and genomic DNA was verified. Also, hybridizations to the gel-separated karyotype of the organism were carried out as a quality check. Gridded onto two nylon filters, the library was analyzed with a variety of probes. Apart from being used for combined physical and transcriptional mapping of the genome, library filters and clones are also available to interested parties.
“The Caterpillar”: A Novel Reading Passage for Assessment of Motor Speech Disorders (2013)

Analysis of performance across a subset of segmental and prosodic variables illustrated that "The Caterpillar" passage showed promise for extracting individual profiles of impairment that could augment current assessment protocols and inform treatment planning in motor speech disorders.