gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
O Japão na visão de Oliveira Lima (2006)

Este artigo constitui parte de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo consiste em esboçarum mapeamento historiográfico da gênese das relações político-diplomáticasentre o Brasil o Japão, tendo como fio condutor de análise a obra No Japão –Impressões da terra e da gente, de autoria do diplomata e historiadorpernambucano Manoel de Oliveira Lima (1867 – 1928). Durante seu períodocomo encarregado de negócios na legação brasileira em Tóquio, entre 1901e 1903, Oliveira Lima realizou uma pesquisa de campo sobre o cenárionatural e o ambiente sócio-cultural e político japonês, pesquisa esta queresultou na obra analisada nesta monografia; inicialmente, um relatórioelaborado por Oliveira Lima para o Ministério das Relações Exteriores,publicado no Rio de Janeiro em 1903. A singularidade da obra de OliveiraLima, um estudo sobre o espaço geográfico, a sociedade, a cultura e osaspectos sócio-políticos daquele país, reside no fato de ser o primeiro textopublicado por um brasileiro sobre o Japão.
Photoconductivity in single wall carbon nanotube sheets (2006)

In this paper we report for the first time, the photoconductivity of large area sheets of single wall carbon nanotube upon laser illumination. The photoconductivity exhibited an increase, decrease or even 'negative' values when the laser spot was on different positions between contact electrodes, showing a 'position' dependent effect of photoconductivity. Photon induced charge carrier generation in single wall carbon nanotubes and subsequent charge separation across the metal–carbon nanotube contacts is believed to cause the photoconductivity changes. A net photovoltage of ∼10 mV and a photocurrent of ∼1.6 mA were produced under the laser intensity of ∼160 mW with a quantum efficiency of ∼1.5% in vacuum. The effect of the contact area between the electrodes and nanotubes, ambient pressure, laser intensity and light pulse frequency on the photoconductivity is discussed.
English-Japanese, Japanese-English Dictionary of Computer and Data-Processing Terms (1989)

Winner, 1989, category of Computer Science, Professional/Scholarly Publishing Annual Awards Competition presented by the Association of American Publishers, Inc. With 10,000 entries, this dictionary is the most complete of its kind. It is a major contribution to more accurate sharing of scientific and technological information. The dictionary is unique in providing a romanized transcription for each of the 10,000 Japanese terms. It promotes clear oral communication, whether one is using purely Japanese words or terms that have been borrowed from English but are pronounced somewhat differently by the Japanese. Professional translators of Japanese, English-speaking engineers and computer and dataprocessing professionals dealing with Japanese products or companies, marketing executives, and journalists are among those who will find this dictionary indispensable for such uses as translating an instruction manual, composing a telex message, ordering materials and parts, looking up a word during a face to face conversation, or interviewing executives in a technical field. The Japanese English section lists the romanized Japanese words (Romaji) according to the Roman rather than the Japanese alphabet, thus simplifying reference by Western speakers of Japanese as well as by native speakers of Japanese who are familiar with both Roman script and alphabetical order. The dictionary also aids Western recognition and reproduction of katakana characters (Japanese characters used to represent the sounds of borrowed foreign words) by providing the exact romanized transcriptions of words borrowed from English and expressed in katakana form instead of keeping such words in their original forms. The word "computer" for instance, may be translated indigenously as "keisanki," but the borrowed English "konpyuta" is also widely used. The dictionary gives the romanizations of both, to facilitate verbal communication; it also gives, for readers of Japanese, the ideogrammic representations of both words.
Compatibilization of a poly(butylene terephthalate)/poly(ethylene octene) copolymer blends with different amounts of an epoxy resin (2003)

Abstract New toughened poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) materials were obtained by melt blending with 20 wt % poly(ethylene octene) (PEO) copolymer and different levels of a difunctional epoxy resin in a twin‐screw extruder followed by injection‐molding. The presence of neither PEO or epoxy influenced either the phase nature of the two amorphous phases of the blends or the crystallization process of PBT, despite the slight reaction of epoxy with PBT as stated by the observed torque increases. The addition of epoxy led to a decrease in the particle size that stopped due to the concomitant viscosity increase. Supertough PBT‐based blends with an impact strength more than 18‐fold that of PBT were obtained without previous chemical modification of any of the blend components at 1.0 wt % epoxy contents. The interparticle distance was the parameter that controlled notched toughness in these PBT/PEO blends. The adhesion at the interphase was the parameter on which the critical interparticle distance appeared to depend. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 260–269, 2004
Effect of selective angiotensin II receptor antagonism and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition on the coronary vasculature in vivo. Intravascular two-dimensional and Doppler ultrasound studies. (1993)

Thus, these acute studies in anesthetized dogs suggest that inhibition of AT1-receptors in the coronary circulation results in vasodilator responses greater in magnitude than ACE inhibition and partly endothelium dependent. The exact role for AT1-receptors in human coronary physiology and pathology remains to be defined.
Mibefradil (Ro 40-5967): the first selective T-type Ca2+ channel blocker (1997)

Mibefradil is a novel Ca2+ antagonist acting on both L- and T-type Ca2+ channels, with a ten-fold selectivity for T-type Ca2+ channels. It belongs to a chemical class different from other Ca2+ antagonists (tetralol derivative), and binds to a new receptor site on the L-type Ca2+ channel, where it does not affect dihydropyridine (DHP) binding but appears to overlap the verapamil and fantofarone sites. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that mibefradil has a high selectivity for the coronary vasculature over the peripheral vasculature and the myocardium. It has no relevant negative inotropic effects in various animal models, in normotensive patients, and patients with hypertension or angina pectoris. Instead, treatment with mibefradil slightly decreases heart rate and improves cardiac function. Clinical studies confirm that mibefradil is an effective antihypertensive and anti-ischaemic drug, which may be beneficial in the treatment of heart failure. Its excellent pharmacological and safety profile combined with high bioavailability makes it a promising new drug. Many of the unique pharmacological properties of mibefradil may derive from its selective block of T-type Ca2+ channels.
Role of plasmacytoid dendritic cell subsets in allergic asthma (2013)

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are major type-I interferon-producing cells that play important roles in antiviral immunity and tolerance induction. These cells share a common DC progenitor with conventional DCs, and Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 ligand is essential for their development. Several subsets of pDCs have been identified to date including CCR9(+) , CD9(+) , and CD2(+) pDCs. Recently, three subsets of pDCs were described, namely CD8α(-) β(-) , CD8α(+) β(-) , and CD8α(+) β(+) subsets. Interestingly, CD8α(+) β(-) and CD8α(+) β(+) but not CD8α(-) β(-) pDCs were shown to have tolerogenic effects in experimentally induced allergic asthma. These tolerogenic effects were shown to be mediated by the generation of FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells through retinoic acid and the induction of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes. These newly described subsets of pDCs show high potentials for novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of allergic diseases. In this review, we will address the new progress in our understanding of pDC biology with respect to allergic disease, in particular allergic asthma.
ROADM Switching Technologies (2011)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text P. Colbourne and B. Collings, "ROADM Switching Technologies," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference 2011, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2011), paper OTuD1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Precise Detection of Direct Glomerular Input Duration by the Olfactory Bulb (2014)

Sensory neuron input to the olfactory bulb (OB) was activated precisely for different durations with blue light in mice expressing channelrhodopsin-2 in olfactory sensory neurons. Behaviorally the mice discriminated differences of 10 ms in duration of direct glomerular activation. In addition, a subset of mitral/tufted cells in the OB of awake mice responded tonically therefore conveying information on stimulus duration. Our study provides evidence that duration of the input to glomeruli not synchronized to sniffing is detected. This potent cue may be used to obtain information on puffs in odor plumes.
Protein Phosphorylation Is Induced in Tobacco Cells by the Elicitor Cryptogein (1994)

Changes in plasmalemma ion fluxes were observed when tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cells were treated with cryptogein, a proteinaceous elicitor from Phytophthora cryptogea. A strong alkalization of the culture medium, accompanied by a leakage of potassium, was induced within a few minutes of treatment. These effects reached a maximum after 30 to 40 min and lasted for several hours. This treatment also resulted in a rapid, but transient, production of activated oxygen species. All these physiological responses were fully sensitive to staurosporine, a known protein kinase inhibitor. Furthermore, a study of protein phosphorylation showed that cryptogein induced a staurosporine-sensitive phosphorylation of several polypeptides. These data suggest that phosphorylated proteins may be essential for the transduction of elicitor signals.
1-Phenylnaphthalenes. Part VII. Reaction of hydrazine hydrate with substituted 1-phenylnaphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (1969)

1-Phenylnaphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride reacts with hydrazine in n-butanol to give a mixture of N-amino-1-phenylnaphthalene-2,3-dicarboximide and 5-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[g]phthalazine-1,4-dione. The substituted anhydrides give either the corresponding N-amino-imide or the phthalazine-1,4-dione. The reaction of these anhydrides with hydrazine in glacial acetic acid gives the corresponding N-acetamido-imides. Structural determination is based mainly upon spectroscopic evidence.
Simple, accurate equations for human blood O2 dissociation computations (1979)

Hill's equation can be slightly modified to fit the standard human blood O2 dissociation curve to within plus or minus 0.0055 fractional saturation (S) from O less than S less than 1. Other modifications of Hill's equation may be used to compute Po2 (Torr) from S (Eq. 2), and the temperature coefficient of Po2 (Eq. 3). Variations of the Bohr coefficient with Po2 are given by Eq. 4. S = (((Po2(3) + 150 Po2)(-1) x 23,400) + 1)(-1) (1) In Po2 = 0.385 In (S-1 - 1)(-1) + 3.32 - (72 S)(-1) - 0.17(S6) (2) DELTA In Po2/delta T = 0.058 ((0.243 X Po2/100)(3.88) + 1)(-1) + 0.013 (3) delta In Po2/delta pH = (Po2/26.6)(0.184) - 2.2 (4) Procedures are described to determine Po2 and S of blood iteratively after extraction or addition of a defined amount of O2 and to compute P50 of blood from a single sample after measuring Po2, pH, and S.
Nanostructure and magnetic properties of composite CoPt:C films for extremely high-density recording (2000)

The nanostructure and magnetic properties of composite CoPt:C films at room temperature were investigated as a function of annealing temperature, carbon concentration, and film thickness. CoPt:C films with a variety of carbon concentrations were fabricated by cosputtering Co, Pt, and C onto water-cooled Si(100) substrates followed by annealing. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses indicate that nanocrystallites of face-centered-tetragonal (fct) CoPt phase, which has a uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant of about 5×107 erg/cm3, can be formed in carbon matrix when the annealing temperature is higher than 600 °C. The grain sizes of the fct CoPt crystallites are about 10 nm and the coercivities can be as high as 12 kOe. Higher annealing temperature and lower carbon concentration generally lead to larger grain sizes and perhaps more complete formation of the fct CoPt phase, and therefore higher coercivities. The coercivity is insensitive to the film thickness until the thickness is smaller than the CoPt grain size, when the coercivity starts to decrease with film thickness. The magnetic activation volumes are typically around 1×10−18 cm3. The nanostructure and the associated magnetic properties of these composite CoPt:C films are promising as potential media for extremely high-density recording.
Bisected, complex N-glycans and galectins in mouse mammary tumor progression and human breast cancer (2013)

Bisected, complex N-glycans on glycoproteins are generated by the glycosyltransferase MGAT3 and cause reduced cell surface binding of galectins. Previously, we showed that MGAT3 reduces growth factor signaling and retards mammary tumor progression driven by the Polyoma middle T antigen (PyMT) expressed in mammary epithelium under the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter. However, the penetrance of the tumor phenotype became variable in mixed FVB/N and C57BL/6 female mice and we therefore investigated a congenic C57BL/6 Mgat3(-/-)/MMTV-PyMT model. In the absence of MGAT3, C57BL/6 Mgat3(-/-)/MMTV-PyMT females exhibited accelerated tumor appearance and increased tumor burden, glucose uptake in tumors and lung metastasis. Nevertheless, activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 or protein kinase B (AKT) was reduced in ∼20-week C57BL/6 MMTV-PyMT tumors lacking MGAT3. Activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), protein tyrosine kinase Src, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase were similar to that of controls. All the eight mouse galectin genes were expressed in mammary tumors and tumor epithelial cells (TECs), but galectin-2 and -12 were not detected by western analysis in tumors, and galectin-7 was not detected in 60% of the TEC lines. From microarray data reported for human breast cancers, at least 10 galectin and 7 N-glycan N-acetylglucosaminyl (GlcNAc)-transferase (MGAT) genes are expressed in tumor tissue, and expression often varies significantly between different breast cancer subtypes. Thus, in summary, while MGAT3 and bisected complex N-glycans retard mouse mammary tumor progression, genetic background may modify this effect; identification of key galectins that promote mammary tumor progression in mice is not straightforward because all the eight galectin genes are expressed; and high levels of MGAT3, galectin-4, -8, -10, -13 and -14 transcripts correlate with better relapse-free survival in human breast cancer.
P2Y Receptors in Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity: Therapeutic Potential in Cognitive Dysfunction (2016)

ATP released from neurons and astrocytes during neuronal activity or under pathophysiological circumstances is able to influence information flow in neuronal circuits by activation of ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2Y receptors and subsequent modulation of cellular excitability, synaptic strength, and plasticity. In the present paper we review cellular and network effects of P2Y receptors in the brain. We show that P2Y receptors inhibit the release of neurotransmitters, modulate voltage- and ligand-gated ion channels, and differentially influence the induction of synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. The findings discussed here may explain how P2Y1 receptor activation during brain injury, hypoxia, inflammation, schizophrenia, or Alzheimer's disease leads to an impairment of cognitive processes. Hence, it is suggested that the blockade of P2Y1 receptors may have therapeutic potential against cognitive disturbances in these states.
Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Transcriptional Profiling in Early Phase Oncology Clinical Trials (2005)

Microarray-based expression profiling studies in the field of oncology have demonstrated encouraging correlations between tumor transcriptional profiles and eventual patient outcomes. These findings have fueled great interest in the application of transcriptional profiling to samples available from real-time clinical trials, and clinical pharmacogenomic objectives utilizing transcriptional profiling strategies are becoming increasingly incorporated into clinical trial study designs. Over the last few years several retrospective studies based on the profiling of archival tumor tissues suggest that transcriptional analysis of oncology samples may provide general prognosis measures, and in some cases may even predict response to specific therapies. Recently the FDA released a voluntary genomic data guidance meant to assist both regulatory agencies and pharmaceutical companies alike in evaluating the potential benefit of implementing expression profiling studies during the preclinical and clinical phases of drug development. Despite the great promise afforded by this technology, the ultimate benefit of applying transcriptional profiling in prospective clinical trials has yet to be realized because a number of practical impediments to this process exist. The multi-fold purpose of the current review is to highlight the increasing evidence from studies that have identified transcriptional signatures in archived tumors prognostic of patient outcome, to describe some of the drivers for the implementation of transcriptional profiling strategies in real-time drug development, to discuss the use of transcriptional profiling in the context of increasingly complex translational medicine strategies, and to highlight the practical issues and potential approaches involved in the successful application of clinical pharmacogenomic objectives during real-time clinical trials. Strategic implementation of transcriptional profiling in early oncology clinical trials can provide an opportunity to identify predictive markers of clinical response and eventually provide a substantial step forward towards the era of personalized medicine.
Automatic Data Placement in MPP Databases (2012)

Physical design for shared-nothing databases includes decisions regarding the placement of data across a cluster of database servers. In particular, for each table in the database a distribution policy must be specified. In general, the choice of distribution policy affects the performance of query workloads significantly as individual queries may have to redistribute data on-the-fly as part of the execution. As is the case with a number of other physical design decisions, the problem is hard and poses substantial difficulties for database administrators. In this paper, we present FINDER, a design tool that optimizes data placement decisions for a database schema with respect to any given query workload. We designed FINDER with portability in mind: The tool is fully external to the target database system, i.e., does not require any code-level integration with the system, and avoids reverse engineering of query optimization techniques. Our experiments show FINDER converges quickly and delivers superior results compared to state-of-the-art solutions.
Identification of phenolic constituents in commercial beverages by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIdentification of phenolic constituents in commercial beverages by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detectionDaryl A. Roston and Peter T. KissingerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1981, 53, 11, 1695–1699Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00234a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00234a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views260Altmetric-Citations94LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Unintended Consequences of Overfitting: Training Data Inference Attacks. (2017)

Machine learning algorithms that are applied to sensitive data pose a distinct threat to privacy. A growing body of prior work demonstrates that models produced by these algorithms may leak specific private information in the training data to an attacker, either through their structure or their observable behavior. However, the underlying cause of this privacy risk is not well understood beyond a handful of anecdotal accounts that suggest overfitting and influence might play a role. 
This paper examines the effect that overfitting and influence have on the ability of an attacker to learn information about training data from machine learning models, either through training set membership inference or model inversion attacks. Using both formal and empirical analyses, we illustrate a clear relationship between these factors and the privacy risk that arises in several popular machine learning algorithms. We find that overfitting is sufficient to allow an attacker to perform membership inference, and when certain conditions on the influence of certain features are present, model inversion attacks. Interestingly, our formal analysis also shows that overfitting is not necessary for these attacks, and begins to shed light on what other factors may be in play. Finally, we explore the connection between two types of attack, membership inference and model inversion, and show that there are deep connections between the two that lead to effective new attacks.
New Synthesis of α-Nitroso Esters and Oximes of α-Keto Esters (1988)

Ketene O-alkyl O′-silyl acetals on reaction with nitric oxide or isomayl nitrite in the presence of titanium(IV) chloride provide either one of α-nitroso esters and oximes of α-keto esters.