gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Au:Ag Nanoparticles Using Trisodium Citrate and SDS (2014)

A stable colloidal solution of Au:Ag nanoparticles consisting of various molar ratios of gold and silver was synthesized in an aqueous media through a chemical reduction using trisodium citrate and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). UV–visible spectra confirmed the formation of nanoalloys as only one Plasmon peak is obtained. The transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering proved the formation of nanoalloys with the average size of 20–25 nm. The effect of different mole ratios of SDS on synthesis conditions and the stability of the colloidal solution was investigated. The optimum SDS content produced a stable colloidal suspension with narrow size distribution of nanoparticles.
BlueSky: a cloud-backed file system for the enterprise (2012)

We present BlueSky, a network file system backed by cloud storage. BlueSky stores data persistently in a cloud storage provider such as Amazon S3 or Windows Azure, allowing users to take advantage of the reliability and large storage capacity of cloud providers and avoid the need for dedicated server hardware. Clients access the storage through a proxy running on-site, which caches data to provide lower-latency responses and additional opportunities for optimization. We describe some of the optimizations which are necessary to achieve good performance and low cost, including a log-structured design and a secure in-cloud log cleaner. BlueSky supports multiple protocols--both NFS and CIFS--and is portable to different providers.
Enhanced cell migration and invasion of CD133<sup>+</sup> pancreatic cancer cells cocultured with pancreatic stromal cells (2010)

These data suggest that CD133+ cells exhibit more aggressive behavior, such as increased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, especially in the presence of pancreatic stromal cells. The targeting therapy for the interaction between CD133+ cancer cells and stromal cells may be a new approach for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Novel push-pull integrated antenna transmitter front-end (1998)

A new integrated antenna power amplifier architecture is investigated. In this topology, a multifeed patch antenna is used as the tuned load of a class-B push-pull amplifier in such a manner that the fundamental radiates efficiently and higher harmonics are suppressed. This eliminates the necessity of using a second hybrid at the output of the amplifier and results in an extremely compact class of push-pull front end with lower associated circuit losses. Measured data shows that the power-added efficiency of the amplifier is greater than 55%, indicating that this new approach works as expected.
A case of impetigo cured with Homoeopathic similimum (2020)

Impetigo is a highly contagious infection of the epidermis, seen especially among children, and transmitted through direct contact. Over 140 million people are suffering from impetigo at each time point and approximately 100 million are children. It is type of bacterial diseases which is highly contagious and spread from close contacts. Most common bacteria are staphylococcus aureus and Group A streptococcus. Impetigo exits in two forms of, namely impetigo contagiosa which is also known as the non-bullous form and the second one being bullous impetigo which presents with large and fragile bullae. Modern system or allopathic system of medicines uses antibiotics and topical corticosteroids for these problems which may have some side effects. Homoeopathic medicines are safer to children because it has no side effects if selected on the basis of Homoeopathic principles. These medicines are easy to take and cost effective as well. This article is about a female child three years of age suffered from impetigo contagiosa and responded well to homoeopathic medicine. Homoeopathic medicine, Hepar sulphuricum in 200 potency, was prescribed on the basis of totality of symptom, and child completely cured within two weeks of homoeopathic treatment.
Immunotherapy alleviates amyloid-associated synaptic pathology in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model (2014)

Cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease is attributed to loss of functional synapses, most likely caused by synaptotoxic, oligomeric forms of amyloid-β. Many treatment options aim at reducing amyloid-β levels in the brain, either by decreasing its production or by increasing its clearance. We quantified the effects of immunotherapy directed against oligomeric amyloid-β in Tg2576 mice, a mouse model of familial Alzheimer's disease. Treatment of 12-month-old mice with oligomer-specific (A-887755) or conformation-unspecific (6G1) antibodies for 8 weeks did not affect fibrillar plaque density or growth. We also quantified densities of DLG4 (previously known as PSD95) expressing post-synapses and synapsin expressing presynapses immunohistochemically. We found that both pre- and post-synapses were strongly reduced in the vicinity of plaques, whereas distant from plaques, in the cortex and hippocampal CA1 field, only post-synapses were reduced. Immunotherapy alleviated this synapse loss. Synapse loss was completely abolished distant from plaques, whereas it was only attenuated in the vicinity of plaques. These results suggest that fibrillar plaques may act as reservoirs for synaptotoxic, oligomeric amyloid-β and that sequestering oligomers suffices to counteract synaptic pathology. Therefore, cognitive function may be improved by immunotherapy even when the load of fibrillar amyloid remains unchanged.
Role of genetic factors in childhood obesity and in susceptibility to dietary variations (1999)

The concern about the current epidemic of obesity is heightened by recent data showing an increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. As obese children are at increased risk of becoming obese adults, early identification of individuals at risk of becoming obese is important for the implementation of preventive measures. In that context, it is important to assess the role of genetic and nongenetic factors in childhood obesity as well as in susceptibility to dietary variations. This paper reviews recent data regarding the prevalence of obesity in childhood as well as the role of genetic factors in phenotypes related to obesity, with emphasis on studies conducted on children, when available. The existence of severe cases of obesity, such as those encountered in Mendelian syndromes of obesity or those caused by mutations in single genes, provides strong evidence for a role of genetic factors in the aetiology of childhood obesity. Furthermore, results from family studies suggest that the maximal heritability of obesity phenotypes ranges from about 30% to 50% and that the major affectors of body fat content, energy intake and energy expenditure are also influenced by genetic factors. Finally, there is increasing evidence that responsiveness to dietary intervention is genetically determined.
An Inter-Laboratory Comparison Study on Chlorophyll a Determination in Seawater (2014)

해양식물플랑크톤 생물량 및 일차생산력을 추정하기 위한 자료로서 이용되는 해수 중 엽록소 a의 농도는 고성능 액체크로마토그래피(High Performance Liquid Chromatography, HPLC), 형광법(Fluorometry), 분광광도법(Spectrophotometry)등의 분석방법으로 측정된다. 본 연구에서는 여러 실험실에서 이러한 방법들로 분석된 엽록소 a 자료를 통용하기 위한 기초자료로서 활용하고자 우리나라 주변 해역의 현장 시료를 이용한 상호비교실험을 실시하여 엽록소 a 분석 실험실 및 분석 방법간의 차이를 비교하였다. 상호비교실험은 엽록소 a 표준색소(R0) 및 동중국해(R1)와 동해해역(R2)에서 채수된 해수 현장 시료를 이용하여 총 3회 시행되었다. 참가실험실은 각각 HPLC(6개 실험실), 형광법(4개 실험실), 분광광도법(3개 실험실)으로 시료를 분석하였다. 표준색소와 현장시료의 측정결과에서 얻은 실험실 내 정밀도는 변동계수로 평가되었으며, 표준색소(R0)에서 9% 미만, 현장시료에서는 R1: 0.8~20%(평균 6.1%), R2: 4~21%(평균 13.2%)의 정밀도를 보였다. 전체 현장시료의 모집단에서 z-test를 이용하여 이상치를 제거한 측정결과들의 중앙값을 기준 값으로 평가한 HPLC, 형광법, 분광광도법 간의 차이는 20%이내였다. 이러한 차이는 현장시료의 균질성 및 실험실 내의 정밀도를 고려한 차이(R1: 8%, R2: 15%)와 유사한 값을 보였다. 비교결과로 미루어 볼 때, 측정값들간의 차이는 분석방법의 차이보다는 실험실 간 차이가 더 크다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 각 실험실에서 생산된 자료는 분석 방법이 다르더라도 약 20% 이내에서는 동일한 결과를 생산한다고 볼 수 있으므로 타 실험실에서 서로 다른 방법으로 분석된 엽록소 a의 자료를 활용하는 경우에는 약 20%의 차이에 대한 고려가 필요하다. Chlorophyll a in seawater which is an indicator of phytoplankton biomass and primary production is determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Fluorometry and Spectrophotometry. In this study, various methods for chlorophyll a determination in seawater are compared using in situ seawater samples from Korean seas. Three inter-laboratory comparison campaigns were carried out using chlorophyll a standard samples (R0) and in situ seawater samples, collected from the East China Sea (R1) and the East Sea (R2). 6 laboratories by HPLC methods, 4 laboratories by fluorometry, and 3 laboratories by spectrophotometry participated. Precisions, defined as the coefficient of variation (CV) were within 9% in standard samples, 0.8~20% (average: 6.1%) in R1, 4~21% (average: 13.2%) in R2. Discrepancy in three methods was approximately 20% within the range of the sample homogeneity intended the laboratory precision (R1: 8%, R2: 15%). The discrepancy in laboratories was greater than the discrepancy in methods. The chlorophyll a concentrations can be produced within 20% discrepancy in spite of using different methods. It is recommended to consider this 20% discrepancy when using the chlorophyll a data produced by different laboratories and different methods.
Projected texture stereo (2010)

Passive stereo vision is widely used as a range sensing technology in robots, but suffers from dropouts: areas of low texture where stereo matching fails. By supplementing a stereo system with a strong texture projector, dropouts can be eliminated or reduced. This paper develops a practical stereo projector system, first by finding good patterns to project in the ideal case, then by analyzing the effects of system blur and phase noise on these patterns, and finally by designing a compact projector that is capable of good performance out to 3m in indoor scenes. The system has been implemented and has excellent depth precision and resolution, especially in the range out to 1.5m.
Pole-Like Road Object Detection From Mobile Lidar System Using a Coarse-to-Fine Approach (2015)

The requirements of three-dimensional (3-D) road objects have increased for various applications, such as geographic information systems and intelligent transportation systems. The use of mobile lidar systems (MLSs) running along road corridors is an effective way to collect accurate road inventories, but MLS feature extraction is challenged by the blind scanning characteristics of lidar systems and the huge amount of data involved; therefore, an automatic process for MLS data is required to improve efficiency of feature extraction. This study developed a coarse-to-fine approach for the extraction of pole-like road objects from MLS data. The major work consists of data preprocessing, coarse-to-fine segmentation, and detection. In data preprocessing, points from different trajectories were reorganized into road parts, and building facades alongside road corridors were removed to reduce their influence. Then, a coarse-to-fine computational framework for the detection of pole-like objects that segments point clouds was proposed. The results show that the pole-like object detection rate for the proposed method was about 90%, and the proposed coarse-to-fine framework was more efficient than the single-scale framework. These results indicate that the proposed method can be used to effectively extract pole-like road objects from MLS data.
The application of burst processing to digital FM receivers (1976)

In this thesis the application of Burst processing to the problem of tuning and demodulating FM signals using digital hardware was investigated. Such digital FM receivers are shown to be conceptually sound and capable of worthwhile tradeoffs of performance and economy. These results provide the basis for the implementation of a new class of digital FM receiver. The relative performance of the different configurations of the Burst receiver is discussed.
Pressure-induced semiconductor-metal transitions in amorphous InSb (1976)

Abstract Pressure-induced semiconductor-metal transitions, accompanied by a discontinuous decrease in the resistivity by a factor of 10−4, have been found at room temperature for amorphous InSb under pressures of 10 to 13 kbar. These transitions occur through a series of intermediate structural modifications which remain predominantly in the amorphous state, while the final stage partially transforms into a metastable crystal with a NaCl-type structure. The transformation to the NaCl type is irreversible on releasing the pressure. This material can be classed as a hard superconductor with a transition temperature Tc = 3·4±0·2 K and a critical magnetic field Hc = 9-10 kG.
A Novel Role for Wnt/Ca2+ Signaling in Actin Cytoskeleton Remodeling and Cell Motility in Prostate Cancer (2010)

Wnt signaling is a critical regulatory pathway in development and disease. Very little is known about the mechanisms of Wnt signaling in prostate cancer, a leading cause of death in men. A quantitative analysis of the expression of Wnt5A protein in human tissue arrays, containing 600 prostate tissue cores, showed >50% increase in malignant compared to benign cores (p<0.0001). In a matched pair of prostate cancer and normal cell line, expression of Wnt5A protein was also increased. Calcium waves were induced in prostate cells in response to Wnt5A with a 3 fold increase in Flou-4 intensity. The activity of Ca(2+)/calmodulin dependent protein kinase (CaMKII), a transducer of the non-canonical Wnt/Ca(2+) signaling, increased by 8 fold in cancer cells; no change was observed in beta-catenin expression, known to activate the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. Mining of publicly available human prostate cancer oligoarray datasets revealed that the expression of numerous genes (e.g., CCND1, CD44) under the control of beta-catenin transcription is down-regulated. Confocal and quantitative electron microscopy showed that specific inhibition of CaMKII in cancer cells causes remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, irregular wound edges and loose intercellular architecture and a 6 and 8 fold increase in the frequency and length of filopodia, respectively. Conversely, untreated normal prostate cells showed an irregular wound edge and loose intercellular architecture; incubation of normal prostate cells with recombinant Wnt5A protein induced actin remodeling with a regular wound edge and increased wound healing capacity. Live cell imaging showed that a functional consequence of CaMKII inhibition was 80% decrease in wound healing capacity and reduced cell motility in cancer cells. We propose that non-canonical Wnt/Ca(2+) signaling via CaMKII acts as a novel regulator of structural plasticity and cell motility in prostate cancer.
A Real-Time Rollover Warning System for Heavy Duty Vehicle (2010)

This paper proposes a real-time rollover threat warning system (RWS) of heavy duty vehicle. The function of RWS is used to determine the rollover threat of heavy duty vehicle and warn the driver to adjust the operation during dangerous conditions. The paper suggests a new algorithm of rollover warning for heavy duty vehicle based on accurate PTR metric. The effectiveness of the RWS is validated by test data of heavy duty. The vehicle test results show that the RWS system is very suitable for application in rollover risk assessment and warning.
Objective Assessment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Using Speech Analysis in Telepsychiatry (2013)

Abstract : The objective of this project is to explore the feasibility of using speech features to assess the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) status of a patient. The premise for this project is that an individual's speech features, drawn from a recorded CAPS interview, correlate to the diagnosis of PTSD for that person. Recorded interviews from a patient population will be used to develop and test an objective scoring system. NYU is collecting speech data from patients and supplying it to SRI International. SRI now has data from 20 PTSD-negative patients and 13 PTSD-positive patients. Few PTSD-positive patients meet the inclusion criteria for the study so it is taking much longer than expected to acquire the target of 20 PTSD-positive samples. Preliminary tests using this small dataset show promise in predicting PTSD based on speech characteristics.
Mining User Opinions in Mobile App Reviews: A Keyword-based Approach (2015)

User reviews of mobile apps often contain complaints or suggestions which are valuable for app developers to improve user experience and satisfaction. However, due to the large volume and noisy-nature of those reviews, manually analyzing them for useful opinions is inherently challenging. To address this problem, we propose MARK, a keyword-based framework for semi-automated review analysis. MARK allows an analyst describing his interests in one or some mobile apps by a set of keywords. It then finds and lists the reviews most relevant to those keywords for further analysis. It can also draw the trends over time of those keywords and detect their sudden changes, which might indicate the occurrences of serious issues. To help analysts describe their interests more effectively, MARK can automatically extract keywords from raw reviews and rank them by their associations with negative reviews. In addition, based on a vector-based semantic representation of keywords, MARK can divide a large set of keywords into more cohesive subsets, or suggest keywords similar to the selected ones.
Image aesthetic predictors based on weighted CNNs (2016)

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been widely adopted for many imaging applications. For image aesthetics prediction, state-of-the-art algorithms train CNNs on a recently-published large-scale dataset, AVA. However, the distribution of the aesthetic scores on this dataset is extremely unbalanced, which limits the prediction capability of existing methods. We overcome such limitation by using weighted CNNs. We train a regression model that improves the prediction accuracy of the aesthetic scores over state-of-the-art algorithms. In addition, we propose a novel histogram prediction model that not only predicts the aesthetic score, but also estimates the difficulty of performing aesthetics assessment for an input image. We further show an image enhancement application where we obtain an aesthetically pleasing crop of an input image using our regression model.
Polymorphic simple sequence repeat regions in chloroplast genomes: applications to the population genetics of pines. (1995)

Simple sequence repeats (SSRs), consisting of tandemly repeated multiple copies of mono-, di-, tri-, or tetranucleotide motifs, are ubiquitous in eukaryotic genomes and are frequently used as genetic markers, taking advantage of their length polymorphism. We have examined the polymorphism of such sequences in the chloroplast genomes of plants, by using a PCR-based assay. GenBank searches identified the presence of several (dA)n.(dT)n mononucleotide stretches in chloroplast genomes. A chloroplast (cp) SSR was identified in three pine species (Pinus contorta, Pinus sylvestris, and Pinus thunbergii) 312 bp upstream of the psbA gene. DNA amplification of this repeated region from 11 pine species identified nine length variants. The polymorphic amplified fragments were isolated and the DNA sequence was determined, confirming that the length polymorphism was caused by variation in the length of the repeated region. In the pines, the chloroplast genome is transmitted through pollen and this PCR assay may be used to monitor gene flow in this genus. Analysis of 305 individuals from seven populations of Pinus leucodermis Ant. revealed the presence of four variants with intrapopulational diversities ranging from 0.000 to 0.629 and an average of 0.320. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of cpDNA on the same populations previously failed to detect any variation. Population subdivision based on cpSSR was higher (Gst = 0.22, where Gst is coefficient of gene differentiation) than that revealed in a previous isozyme study (Gst = 0.05). We anticipate that SSR loci within the chloroplast genome should provide a highly informative assay for the analysis of the genetic structure of plant populations.
Low-k SiOCH Film Etching Process and Its Diagnostics Employing Ar/C<sub>5</sub>F<sub>10</sub>O/N<sub>2</sub> Plasma (2006)

We proposed an environmental harmonic etching gas of C5F10O (CF3CF2CF2OCFCF2), and demonstrated the etching of low-k SiOCH films employing a dual-frequency capacitively coupled etching system. Dissociative ionization cross sections for the electron impact ionizations of C5F10O and c-C4F8 gases have been measured by quadrupole mass spectroscopy (QMS). The dissociative ionization cross section of CF3+ from C5F10O gas was much higher than those of other ionic species, and 10 times higher than that of CF3+ from C4F8 gas. CF3+ is effective for increasing the etching rate of SiO2. As a result, the etching rate of SiOCH films using Ar/C5F10O/N2 plasma was about 1000 nm/min, which is much higher than that using Ar/C4F8/N2 plasma. The behaviours of fluorocarbon radicals in Ar/C5F10O/N2 plasma, which were measured by infrared diode laser absorption spectroscopy, were similar to those in Ar/C4F8/N2 plasma. The densities of CF and CF3 radicals were markedly decreased with increasing N2 flow rate. Etching rate was controlled by N2 flow rate. A vertical profile of SiOCH with a high etching rate and less microloading was realized using Ar/C5F10O/N2 plasma chemistry.
The calculation of the electromagnetic field in an Alvarez type linear accelerator (1960)

ABSTRACT A recently developed theory of the electromagnetic field in nearly periodic structures is used to calculate the field in an Alvarez type linear accelerator. The problem is reduced to the solution of the transmission line equations for the ‘voltage’ and ‘current’ of the dominant mode. Formulae are given for the coefficients in these equations, and also for the ratio of mode current to accelerating field, as functions of the cavity dimensions of the accelerator; numerical values are given for the Berkeley accelerator.
Novel Active Load for 40 Gbps Optical Modulator Drivers (2003)

A novel active drain bias termination, allowing automatic gain control, for a 40Gbps optical modulator driver design is presented. The performances of distributed amplifier MMICs using this new termination as well as standard active and passive drain bias terminations are measured and compared. The results confirm the advantages of the new design.
Carnitine biosynthesis in Neurospora crassa: identification of a cDNA coding for ε-N-trimethyllysine hydroxylase and its functional expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2002)

The biosynthesis of L-carnitine in eukaryotic organisms was first elucidated in the ascomycete Neurospora crassa. The first step of the pathway is catalysed by ε-N-trimethyllysine hydroxylase (TMLH), which converts ε-N-trimethyllysine into β-hydroxy-N-ε-trimethyllysine in a reaction dependent on α-ketoglutarate, Fe2+ and oxygen. Here we report on the cloning of the N. crassa TMLH cDNA and its functional expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The TMLH cDNA contains an open reading frame of 1413 base pairs encoding a predicted polypeptide of 471 amino acids. The Michaelis-Menten constants of the heterologously expressed enzyme were determined for ε-N-trimethyllysine, α-ketoglutarate, Fe2+ and correspond to 0.33 mM, 133 μM and 46 μM, respectively. © 2002 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.