gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Videotape Feedback as a Behavior Management Technique (1983)

The effectiveness of videotape feedback, as a procedure for increasing on-task behavior in a 9-year-old emotionally disturbed male, was investigated in the present study. The experimental design employed was an ABAB single subject design. Through baseline (A) and intervention (B) phase, 30 minutes of classroom behavior during a structured activity were videotaped at the same time each day. On-task and off-task behaviors from each videotaped session time were rated by trained observers for each experimental phase. The subject did not receive any feedback on his behavior during baseline (A) phases. During intervention (B) phases teacher and subject concurrently viewed a 10-minute sample of the videotape immediately following each daily videotaped session. While observing the videotape the subject recorded his own behavior. Data revealed low rates of on-task behavior during the initial baseline (A) phases. Only after introduction of the videotape feedback intervention (B) phase did the frequency of on-task behavior increase. A decrease in on-task behavior occurred with reinstatement of baseline (A) conditions. Treatment gains were partially recovered during reinstatement of videotape feedback intervention (B). Results of the present study are discussed in terms of the utility of videotape feedback as a classroom behavior management technique. Implications for self-control and further research directions are also proposed.
Boundary element analysis of 3-D magnetostatic problems using scalar potentials (1992)

A boundary element formulation for 3-D nonlinear magnetostatic field problems using the total scalar potential and its normal derivative as unknowns is described. The boundary integral equation is derived from a differential equation for the total scalar potential where a nonlinear operator term can be separated from a linear term. The nonlinear term leads to a volume integral which can be treated as a known forcing function within an iterative solution process. An additional forcing term results from the magnetic excitation coil system. It is shown that the line integral of the magnetic source field which can be defined outside of the current-carrying regions as a gradient of a scalar potential acts as an excitation term. The proposed method is applied to a test problem where an iron cube immersed in the magnetic field of a cylindrical coil is investigated. The numerical results for different saturation stages are compared with finite element method (FEM) calculations. The comparison with FEM calculations shows a good agreement only in highly saturated iron parts.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Therapeutic Benefits of Regulating Inflammation in Autoimmunity (2008)

Autoimmunity results from the dysregulation of the immune system leading to tissue damage. Th1 and Th17 cells are known to be cellular mediators of inflammation in autoimmune diseases. The specific cytokine milieu within the site of inflammation or within secondary lymphatic tissues is important during the priming and effector phases of T cell response. In this review, we will address the nature of the inflammatory response in the context of autoimmune disease, specifically we will discuss the role of dendritic cells following stimulation of their innate pathogen recognition receptors in directing the development of T cell responses. We will focus on how dendritic cell subsets change the balance between major players in autoimmunity, namely Th1, Th17 and regulatory T cells. Th17 cells, once thought to only act as pathogenic effectors through production of IL-17, have been shown to have regulatory properties as well with co-production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 by a subset now referred to as regulatory Th17 cells. IL-17 is important in the induction of autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Study of the inflammatory process following encounter with agents that stimulate the innate immune responses such as adjuvants opens a new horizon for the discovery of therapeutic agents including those derived from microorganisms. Microbial products such as adjuvants that function as TLR ligands may stimulate the immune system by interacting with Toll-like receptors (TLR) on antigen-presenting cells. Microbial agents such as Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or Freund's adjuvant (CFA) that induce a Th17 response are protective in models of autoimmune diseases particularly EAE and type 1 diabetes (T1D). The induction of innate immunity by these microbial products alters the balance in the cytokine microenvironment and may be responsible for modulation of the inflammation and protection from autoimmunity.
Invited Review: Autocrine/paracrine IGF-I and skeletal muscle adaptation (2002)

This brief review presents the basic premises suggesting that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), functioning in an autocrine/paracrine mode, is an important mediator of skeletal muscle adaptation. Key intracellular signaling mechanisms associated with ligation of the primary IGF-I receptor are highlighted to illustrate the mechanisms by which IGF-I may promote muscle hypertrophy. In addition, a number of recent findings are presented that highlight the potential for interactions between IGF-I-related signaling pathways and intracellular signaling mechanisms activated by cytokines or hormonal systems.
A Data Mining System for Infection Control Surveillance (2000)

Nosocomial infections and antimicrobial resistance are problems of enormous magnitude that impact the morbidity and mortality of hospitalized patients as well as their cost of care. The Data Mining Surveillance System (DMSS) uses novel data mining techniques to discover unsuspected, useful patterns of nosocomial infections and antimicrobial resistance from the analysis of hospital laboratory data. This report details a mature version of DMSS as well as an experiment in which DMSS was used to analyze all inpatient culture data, collected over 15 months at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital.
Integrated scientific workflow management for the Emulab network testbed (2006)

The main forces that shaped current network testbeds were the needs for realism and scale. Now that several testbeds support large and complex experiments, management of experimentation processes and results has become more difficult and a barrier to high-quality systems research. The popularity of network testbeds means that new tools for managing experiment workflows, addressing the ready-made base of testbed users, can have important and significant impacts. We are now evolving Emulab, our large and popular network testbed, to support experiments that are organized around scientific workflows. This paper summarizes the opportunities in this area, the new approaches we are taking, our implementation in progress, and the challenges in adapting scientific workflow concepts for testbed-based research. With our system, we expect to demonstrate that network testbeds with integrated scientific workflow management can be an important tool to aid research in networking and distributed systems. 1.
Mastering the intermediaries. (2014)

Almost every retailer looks to Google to refer customers, and it's rare to find a manufacturer whose products aren't sold on Amazon. But these and other big platforms can capture a disproportionate share of the value a company creates: Buy an app on iTunes, and Apple takes 30%. The author presents four strategies to help businesses reduce their dependence on powerful platforms. Exploit the platform's need to be comprehensive. American Airlines' strong coverage of key routes made its presence on the travel website Kayak indispensable to Kayak's value proposition. As a result, AA negotiated a better deal. Identify and discredit discrimination. Public complaints that eBay was giving search prominence to suppliers who advertised on the site forced a reversal of the policy. Create an alternative platform. When MovieTickets was on the verge of dominating phone and online ticketing, Regal Entertainment and two other large theater chains formed Fandango. Deal more directly. People ordering takeout through online platforms like Foodler and GrubHub have often already chosen their restaurant. Restaurants that deal directly can exit the platform.
Production of C<sub>3</sub>/C<sub>4</sub>Olefins from<i>n</i>-Hexane: Conceptual Design of a Catalytic Oxidative Cracking Process and Comparison to Steam Cracking (2010)

A conceptual design of the catalytic oxidative cracking (COC) of hexane as a model compound of naphtha is reported. The design is based on experimental data which are elaborated through a structural design method to a process flow sheet. The potential of COC as an alternative to steam cracking (SC) is discussed through comparing the key differences between the two processes. The presence of Li/MgO catalyst in the COC process (i) induces hexane cracking at lower operation temperatures (575 °C) than in SC (800 °C) and (ii) controls the olefin distribution by increasing the ratio of (butylene + propylene)/ethylene. The product distribution, and thus the separation train of both processes, is different. Catalytic oxidative cracking is designed to maximize propylene and butylene production, while steam cracking is designed to maximize ethylene production. In comparison to SC, the COC process is more energy efficient and consumes 53% less total duty for a production capacity of 300 kton/year of light olefins. However, a preliminary economic evaluation illustrates that the loss of valuable feedstock as a result of combustion of part of the naphtha feed makes the COC process economically less attractive than SC.
Detection of major changes in satellite images (2004)

In this paper the problem of detecting changes between two photographs of the same scene taken at different dates is addressed. Considering that both images are already accurately registered our problem reduces to a) detect changes between corresponding pixels, and b) determine whether these changes are a clue of a major change in the scene. The solution of a) involves the use of spectral invariant features, since we consider the general situation of comparing photographs coming from different spectral channels. The answer to b) implies the computation of an absolute threshold above which a region of the image will be detected as having "meaningful changes". In order to do that, we apply a recently introduced method yielding accurate false alarm rates for each detection. We show that this method permits to help significantly photo-interprets in their search for major changes in a scene. This will be illustrated by a striking application, the detection of the explosion of the AZF chemical plant in Toulouse (France) in September 2001.
Peptide-Conjugated Quantum Dots Activate Neuronal Receptors and Initiate Downstream Signaling of Neurite Growth (2005)

Quantum dots (QDs) could serve as fluorescent scaffolds for effecting specific physiological and pharmacological responses in cells. Here, we conjugate the peptide ligand betaNGF to QD surfaces, and confirm surface modification and single QD nanostructure using AFM. We show that betaNGF-QDs retain bioactivity, activate TrkA receptors, and initiate neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells. Receptor-evoked activity of QD-immobilized ligands has wide-ranging implications for the development of molecular tools and therapeutics targeted at understanding and regulating cell function.
Targeted downregulation of platelet CLEC-2 occurs through Syk-independent internalization (2015)

Platelet aggregation at sites of vascular injury is not only essential for hemostasis, but may also cause acute ischemic disease states such as myocardial infarction or stroke. The hemi-immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif-containing C-type lectinlike receptor 2 (CLEC-2) mediates powerful platelet activation through a Src- and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation cascade. Thereby, CLEC-2 not only contributes to thrombus formation and stabilization but also plays a central role in blood-lymphatic vessel development, tumor metastasis, and prevention of inflammatory bleeding, making it a potential pharmacologic target to modulate these processes. We have previously shown that injection of the anti-CLEC-2 antibody, INU1, results in virtually complete immunodepletion of platelet CLEC-2 in mice, which is, however, preceded by a severe transient thrombocytopenia thereby limiting its potential therapeutic use. The mechanisms underlying this targeted CLEC-2 downregulation have remained elusive. Here, we show that INU1-induced CLEC-2 immunodepletion occurs through Src-family kinase-dependent receptor internalization in vitro and in vivo, presumably followed by intracellular degradation. In mice with platelet-specific Syk deficiency, INU1-induced CLEC-2 internalization/degradation was fully preserved whereas the associated thrombocytopenia was largely prevented. These results show for the first time that CLEC-2 can be downregulated from the platelet surface through internalization in vitro and in vivo and that this can be mechanistically uncoupled from the associated antibody-induced thrombocytopenia.
Neural network signal processing in human brain research. II. Applications (1988)

For pt.I see ibid., vol.10, pt.3, p.1494 (1988). Summary form only given. The author has used a two-layered neural network algorithm with hidden units and backwards propagation of error to extract features and perform classification of human EEGs and evoked potentials. The clinical outcome of neurosurgery has been predicted, the neurological effects of different types of sleeping pills have been differentiated, and insights have been gained as to how brains produce higher cognitive functions.< <ETX>></ETX>
Switching-Level Operation Analysis of MMC-based Back-to-Back Converter for HVDC Application (2013)

This paper describes a switching-level operation analysis of BTB(Back-To-Back) converter for HVDC(high voltage DC) application based on MMC(modular multi-level converter). A switching-level operation analysis for BTB converter is very important to understand the converter operation in detail and check the voltage and current transients in each components. However, the development of switching-level simulation model for the actual size BTB Converter is very difficult because the MMC normally has more than 150 sub-modules for each arm. So, a switching level simulation model for the 11-level MMC-based BTB converter was developed with PSCAD/EMTDC software, which has 12 sub-modules for the positive arm and another 12 sub-modules for the negative arm. The DC-voltage balance algorithm, the circulating-current reduction algorithm, the harmonic reduction algorithm, and the redundancy operation algorithm were included in this simulation model. The developed simulation model can be utilized to analyze the MMC-based BTB converter for HVDC application in switching level and to develop the protection scheme for the MMC-based BTB converter for HVDC application.
The Cholesterol-Raising Factor from Coffee Beans, Cafestol, as an Agonist Ligand for the Farnesoid and Pregnane X Receptors (2007)

Cafestol, a diterpene present in unfiltered coffee brews such as Scandinavian boiled, Turkish, and cafetière coffee, is the most potent cholesterol-elevating compound known in the human diet. Several genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis have previously been shown to be targets of cafestol, including cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid biosynthesis. We have examined the mechanism by which cafestol elevates serum lipid levels. Changes in several lipid parameters were observed in cafestol-treated APOE3Leiden mice, including a significant increase in serum triglyceride levels. Microarray analysis of these mice identified alterations in hepatic expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification, many of which are regulated by the nuclear hormone receptors farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR). Further studies demonstrate that cafestol is an agonist ligand for FXR and PXR, and that cafestol down-regulates expression of the bile acid homeostatic genes CYP7A1, sterol 12alpha-hydroxylase, and Na(+)-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide in the liver of wild-type but not FXR null mice. Cafestol did not affect genes known to be up-regulated by FXR in the liver of wild-type mice, but did increase expression of the positive FXR-target genes intestinal bile acid-binding protein and fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) in the intestine. Because FGF15 has recently been shown to function in an enterohepatic regulatory pathway to repress liver expression of bile acid homeostatic genes, its direct induction in the gut may account for indirect effects of cafestol on liver gene expression. PXR-dependent gene regulation of cytochrome P450 3A11 and other targets by cafestol was also only seen in the intestine. Using a double FXR/PXR knockout mouse model, we found that both receptors contribute to the cafestol-dependent induction of intestinal FGF15 gene expression. In conclusion, cafestol acts as an agonist ligand for both FXR and PXR, and this may contribute to its impact on cholesterol homeostasis.
Immunologic manifestations of autophagy (2015)

The broad immunologic roles of autophagy span innate and adaptive immunity and are often manifested in inflammatory diseases. The immune effects of autophagy partially overlap with its roles in metabolism and cytoplasmic quality control but typically expand further afield to encompass unique immunologic adaptations. One of the best-appreciated manifestations of autophagy is protection against microbial invasion, but this is by no means limited to direct elimination of intracellular pathogens and includes a stratified array of nearly all principal immunologic processes. This Review summarizes the broad immunologic roles of autophagy. Furthermore, it uses the autophagic control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a paradigm to illustrate the breadth and complexity of the immune effects of autophagy.
REDUCTIONS WITH NICKEL-ALUMINUM ALLOY AND AQUEOUS ALKALI (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleREDUCTIONS WITH NICKEL-ALUMINUM ALLOY AND AQUEOUS ALKALIDOMENICK PAPA, ERWIN SCHWENK, and BRADLEY WHITMANCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1942, 07, 6, 587–590Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1942https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01200a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01200a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views660Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rule extraction methodology by using XML for business rules documentation (2005)

Documenting business rules is a complex task in terms of rule extraction, reuse and integration into current business documentation, where most of business rules (and laws) are buried in data warehouses as raw data. In this paper, we propose a method to simplify the business rules documentation processes using XML technologies. These generated documents can be used as a specification requirement for business development. Our proposed method would enable and help businesses to extract, document and reuse business rules from any data warehouses or rules repositories to generate the business rules documents. We also incorporate filtration and validation methods into the rules formation process to generate business rules documents.
PHASE TRANSFORMATION DURING CVD OF ALUMINIUM OXIDE (1989)

The growth of aluminium oxide (Al2O3) layers on amorphous quartz substrates from an AlCl3/H2/CO2 gas mixture at 1000°C and 50 torr has been studied. Initially κ-Al2O3 was grown. After a κ-Al2O3 → α-Al2O3 phase transformation, which occurred for longer deposition times, also α-Al2O3 was deposited on top of κ-Al2O3. On the basis of the observations, a growth sequence of the different aluminium oxide layers could be constructed. Finally it was concluded that Al3O3 is stabilized by small amounts of certain impurities.
Characterization Of A Liquid Crystal Television Display As A Spatial Light Modulator For Optical Processing (1986)

The recent availability of inexpensive, video-addressable liquid crystal displays has generated interest in the use of such devices for optical processing applications. This paper will present some pertinent performance characteristics for a device of this type, the Radio Shack (Tandy Corp.) Pocketvision. Specific characteristics to be considered are screen transmission, linearity, modulation depth, modulation transfer function (MTF), temporal response and optical flatness. Examples of device performance as a coherent and incoherent processing element will be briefly considered.
Type C retrovirus production by pancreatic beta cells. Association with accelerated pathogenesis in C3H-db/db ("Diabetes") mice. (1985)

C3H.SW/SnJ females (haplotype H-2b) were mated with C3HeB/FeJ males (haplotype H-2k), which were heterozygous for the recessive mutation, diabetes (db). The object of the study was to analyze whether the H-2b haplotype conferred diabetes resistance to db/db males in the F2 generation. Severity of diabetes did not segregate with H-2 haplotype in this mouse model of diabetes. Instead, all F2 male mutants developed a much more severe diabetes syndrome than did "grandparental-type" C3HeB/FeJ-db/db males. Most surprisingly, unlike grandparental-type db/db females, which were uniformly resistant to the diabetogenic action of the db mutation, 75% of F2 db/db females developed severe diabetes. Ultrastructural comparison of beta cells in islets of these diabetic females versus those in the diabetes-resistant F2 mutants showed expression in the susceptible females of a type C retrovirus which budded extracellularly and intracellularly into vacuoles. No other islet endocrine cell type showed this expression, but intraislet exocrine cells as well as some ductal epithelial cells did produce type C particles. Macrophages were frequently observed in close association with the virus-expressing cell types. Failure of the diabetes acceleration factor(s) to segregate according to Mendelian expectations further suggested that type C retrovirus induction was linked to the accelerated pathogenesis of diabetes in the F2 generation.