gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effective Opportunistic Crowd Sensing IoT System for Restoring Missing Objects (2015)

One of the most important characteristics of the traditional approaches of searching a missing object is a societal and infrastructural participatory crowd sensing where the crowds/participants 'consciously' opt to register the information in mind, and decide when, where, what, and how to sense and report. While the alert may extend to a broad community, the effectiveness of the crowd sensing doesn't reach its potential, due to its active participation factor in sensing, reporting, and processing methods. Unless there are clear incentives and privacy protection methods for the crowd sensors, it is considered very hard to achieve its practical deployment in reality. In this paper, we propose to automate the crowd sensing process and radically improve the effectiveness in the IoT System through opportunistic crowd sensing (OCS). Sensing a missing object's presence in proximity is automatically conducted by smartphones, as the application runs in the background and opportunistically collects and reports the data without active involvement of the user. We address the major technical challenges of privacy, security, sensing effectiveness, and user resource utilization, and validate its operation and effectiveness with the prototype system.
Effects of protein from different sources on the characteristics of sponge cakes, rice cakes (apam), doughnuts and frying batters (1995)

Abstract Sponge cakes containing total substitution of whole egg with egg yolk had the largest volume, best texture, highest moisture, colour and flavour compared with all other cakes. Cakes made with total substitution of other proteins had smaller volumes than the control, while those made with egg white had the lowest moisture. Cakes made with whey powder had the tenderest texture. Doughnuts made with protein other than gluten had reduced oil absorption compared with the control. Doughnuts containing whey or skimmed milk had the most desirable flavour; this may be attributed to the presence of lactose. Gluten doughnuts were most disliked because of their hard texture and pale colour. Doughnuts made with total substitution of whole egg with egg white had good texture and low oil absorption. Skimmed milk powder was best for the expansion and texture of chemically leavened rice cakes (apam), while egg white produced the best expansion for yeast‐leavened rice cakes, compared with the other proteins studied. The protein that produced the most desirable textures in yeast‐leavened rice cakes in order of merit were skimmed milk powder, egg white and egg yolk. Whey, skimmed milk powder and gluten helped improve the crispiness of frying batters. Ovalbumin did not affect the crispiness but significantly reduced the oil absorption of the frying batters. Addition of proteins other than whey and ovalbumin, increased the oil absorption of frying batters.
Evidence for High-Temperature Superconductivity in Doped Laser-Processed Sr-Ru-O (2005)

We have discovered that samples of a new material produced by special processing of crystals of Sr2RuO4 (which is known to be a triplet superconductor with Tc values ~1.0-1.5K) exhibit signatures of superconductivity (zero DC resistance and expulsion of magnetic flux) at temperatures exceeding 200K. The special processing includes deposition of a silver coating and laser micromachining; Ag doping and enhanced oxygen are observed in the resultant surface layer. The transition, whether measured resistively or by magnetic field expulsion, is broad. When the transition is registered by resistive methods, the critical temperature is markedly reduced when the measuring current is increased. The resistance disappears by about 190K. The highest value of Tc registered by magneto-optical visualization is about 220K and even higher values (up to 250K) are indicated from the SQUID-magnetometer measurements.
Daytime Sleep and Performance Following a Zolpidem and Melatonin Cocktail (2005)

No advantages to administering melatonin plus zolpidem "cocktails" were evident. Unlike zolpidem, melatonin 5 mg alone improved daytime sleep without impairing memory and vigilance. Functional coupling of sleep-inducing and memory-impairing effects may be specific to benzodiazepine-receptor agonists such as zolpidem, suggesting potential advantages to using melatonin in the operational environment. That melatonin's sleep-promoting effects were delayed for several hours presents a practical consideration that may limit melatonin's usefulness when daytime sleep periods cannot be reliably anticipated or planned in advance.
Defective interleukin 2 production and responsiveness in human pulmonary tuberculosis. (1986)

Patients with newly diagnosed, pulmonary tuberculosis had a tuberculin-specific defect in IL-2 production. Mean PPD-induced IL-2 activity was 81.2% lower in patients as compared with healthy tuberculin reactors. PPD-induced expression of T cell IL-2 receptors was 5.9 times less in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with tuberculosis as compared with healthy tuberculin reactors. Furthermore, purified IL-2 failed to correct PPD-induced blastogenesis in patients. Suppression by adherent cells was operative in one group of patients; adherent cell depletion increased their T cell production of IL-2 7.2-fold. A second group of patients with low IL-2 production did not have suppressor adherent cells and were clinically distinct, with more extensive disease on chest x ray. The basis for low IL-2 production in such individuals is unknown. Disordered regulation of IL-2 metabolism may be a key feature in the depressed cellular immune response of tuberculosis.
Resolution improvement in optical microscopy by use of multi-beam interferometric illumination (2003)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2003.
Fleet management and driver supervision using GPS and inertial measurements over GPRS networks (2013)

The paper proposes a hardware solution to be equipped on automobiles for the purpose of fleet management and driver supervision. A very useful add on to vehicles. For fleets meant for very high reliability logistics, Just In Time or Sequence strategies. Tracking for insurance reasons to prevent fraud on both parts. The system uses GPS data and inertial measurements to track vehicle movement and driver discipline and sends data over a GPRS network to be logged. The software developed for this system communicates with the GPS transceiver and GPRS modem asynchronously. Application system management implemented using a call-callback method. The system is capable of Firmware Over The Air (FOTA).
High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage in Zeolite-Templated Carbon (2009)

High-pressure hydrogen storage in zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC) was investigated at room temperature (30 °C). Several types of ZTCs with different surface areas and a nitrogen-doped ZTC were prepared. Their hydrogen storage performance at room temperature was examined and the results were compared with those of commercial activated carbons. At pressures below 10 MPa, the hydrogen uptake capacity was simply proportional to specific surface areas of the carbons, and both ZTCs and activated carbon showed almost the same heat of adsorption (6∼8 kJ mol−1). On the other hand, at pressures above 10 MPa, uniform micropores with a diameter of 1.2 nm in ZTCs played a more important role in capacity increase than the specific surface area. As a result, the ZTC with the largest surface area (3370 m2 g−1) exhibited hydrogen uptake as high as 2.2 wt % at 34 MPa. This value is much larger than that of the activated carbon, and such a difference in the capacity between ZTC and activated carbon cannot be explained by the difference in specific surface area alone. Moreover, by loading only a small amount of Pt nanoparticles (ca. 0.2 wt %) onto ZTC, hydrogen uptake capacity was increased from 0.87 to 0.95 wt % at 10 MPa. The increase of hydrogen uptake capacity by Pt loading can be ascribed to hydrogen spillover through the supported Pt nanoparticles to the carbon surface.
Three-dimensional angiography for radiosurgical treatment planning for arteriovenous malformations (2003)

The new imaging modality offers an easier and more immediate interpretation of 3D data, while maintaining the same accuracy in target definition as that provided by the standard technique. Moreover, the new method has the advantage of using nonstereotactic 3D angiography, which can be performed at a different site and a different time with respect to the irradiation procedure.
Metabolic effects of plasma expanders (2010)

SUMMARY All plasma expanders exert metabolic effects – either favorable effects such as correction of hypovolemia‐induced lactic acidosis or renal failure, or unwanted adverse effects such as hypotonic solution‐induced hyponatremia, acid‐base disorders such as hyperchloremic acidosis and effects related to buffers associated with plasma expanders (lactate, acetate). The use of crystalloids alone is associated with a risk of interstitial fluid overload responsible for organ dysfunction in anesthesia and intensive care. The exclusive and prolonged use of high doses of colloids is associated with a risk of severe renal failure. Crystalloids appear to be sufficient to correct tissue hypoperfusion induced by moderate hypovolemia. Alternating prescription of isotonic saline and balanced plasma expanders should be able to avoid the metabolic complications of these two types of crystalloids. Administration of colloids is safe when the recommended maximum doses are observed. When administration of a colloid is indicated, a latest generation hydroxyethyl starch solution appears to present the best benefit/risk ratio.
Implications for Diverse Functions of the LINC Complexes Based on the Structure (2017)

The linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is composed of the outer and inner nuclear membrane protein families Klarsicht, Anc-1, and Syne homology (KASH), and Sad1 and UNC-84 (SUN) homology domain proteins. Increasing evidence has pointed to diverse functions of the LINC complex, such as in nuclear migration, nuclear integrity, chromosome movement and pairing during meiosis, and mechanotransduction to the genome. In metazoan cells, the nuclear envelope possesses the nuclear lamina, which is a thin meshwork of intermediate filaments known as A-type and B-type lamins and lamin binding proteins. Both of lamins physically interact with the inner nuclear membrane spanning SUN proteins. The nuclear lamina has also been implicated in various functions, including maintenance of nuclear integrity, mechanotransduction, cellular signalling, and heterochromatin dynamics. Thus, it is clear that the LINC complex and nuclear lamins perform diverse but related functions. However, it is unknown whether the LINC complex-lamins interactions are involved in these diverse functions, and their regulation mechanism has thus far been elusive. Recent structural analysis suggested a dynamic nature of the LINC complex component, thus providing an explanation for LINC complex organization. This review, elaborating on the integration of crystallographic and biochemical data, helps to integrate this research to gain a better understanding of the diverse functions of the LINC complex.
A New Approach To Image Modeling And Edge Detection In The SEM (1988)

The need for feature-size measurements on microchips for VLSI and other developing technologies with micrometer and submicrometer dimensions has resulted in using scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) for critical dimension measurements during fabrication. However, good measurement practice requires the ability to accurately predict the observed signal output for any given feature. The model used to predict the output then becomes the basis for measurement algorithms, error analysis, and proper calibration techniques. The SEM, especially for secondary electron imaging and low beam voltages, has lacked the ability to quantitatively predict image waveforms at the 0.01 μm level needed for sub-micrometer dimensional control. This paper describes such a model for SEM imaging and edge detection. A new approach to secondary-electron image modeling has been developed consisting of a surface integral (over the line geometry) of a probability density function which describes the likelihood of a secondary electron being generated by the primary beam and emitted at a given point in space, if that point coincides with the surface of a line. This probability density function can be determined by using either a state-of-the-art Monte Carlo technique or by using a modified diffusion model which is a good approximation to the Monte Carlo method and greatly reduces the computation time. The calculation of the image from this probability density function takes into account edge geometry and shadowing due to nearby edges as well as field effects due to any bias voltage on the electron-detector grid. The Monte Carlo approach takes into account the fact that low energy secondary electrons cannot be produced inside the specimen by a primary or high energy secondary electron after it exits the surface of the specimen. The resulting probability density function which is referred to here as "forward-looking" is, therefore, not a gaussian distribution. An alternate approach to determination of the probability density function uses a modified diffusion model which, although it does not take into account the forward-looking aspect of electron scattering at edges, is shown to approximate edge images well. The diffusion approach has the advantage that calculations can be readily performed on a desktop computer in seconds as compared to hours for Monte Carlo simulations. In addition, it is readily adapted to the development of edge detection algorithms and error analyses.
Post-Processing of Discovered Association Rules Using Ontologies (2008)

In Data Mining, the usefulness of association rules is strongly limited by the huge amount of delivered rules. In this paper we propose a new approach to prune and filter discovered rules. Using Domain Ontologies, we strengthen the integration of user knowledge in the post-processing task. Furthermore, an interactive and iterative framework is designed to assist the user along the analyzing task. On the one hand, we represent user domain knowledge using a Domain Ontology over database. On the other hand, a novel technique is suggested to prune and to filter discovered rules. The proposed framework was applied successfully over the client database provided by Nantes Habitat.
TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 4 CONTRIBUTES TO MICROVASCULAR INFLAMMATION AND BARRIER DYSFUNCTION IN THERMAL INJURY (2008)

Systemic and microvascular inflammation plays a key role in the development of multiple organ failure after infection, sepsis, and traumatic injury. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) regulate host responses to pathogens and sterile, injury-associated inflammatory responses. We investigated whether TLR-4 contributes to microvascular dysfunction during thermal injury in vivo in anesthetized wild-type or TLR-4 (-/-) mice receiving either a 25% total body surface area full-thickness scald burn or sham treatment on the dorsal skin. Using intravital microscopy, we assessed the hemodynamics and leukocyte dynamics in the mesenteric microvasculature as representative of the splanchnic microcirculation at a site remote from the burn wound. The transvascular flux of fluorescein isothiocyanate-albumin across mesenteric venules was measured as an indicator of microvascular permeability. Furthermore, cultured microvascular endothelial cell models were used to evaluate the endothelial-specific mechanisms involved in TLR-4-mediated barrier dysfunction. The results showed significantly elevated microvascular permeability in wild-type mice after burn, whereas this response was markedly attenuated in TLR-4 (-/-) mice. Burn injury also increased leukocyte adhesion in mesenteric venules of wild-type mice, and a blunted leukocyte response was seen in the TLR-4 mice. Treatment of endothelial cell monolayers with burn plasma induced a rapid reduction in the transendothelial electrical resistance measured by electric cell-substrate impedance sensing, indicative of endothelial cell-cell adhesive barrier dysfunction. Reducing expression of TLR-4 with siRNA treatment attenuated this response. Taken together, these data indicate that TLR-4 plays an important role in microvascular leakage and leukocyte adhesion under the inflammatory condition associated with nonseptic thermal injury.
Studies of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from a human choroidal melanoma. (1991)

Cell suspensions prepared enzymatically from an ocular choroidal melanoma were cultured in vitro in an effort to generate (1) melanoma tumor cell lines and (2) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes cytotoxic for ocular melanoma cells. Even though histologic study of the tumor did not show "significant" infiltrating bone marrow-derived cells, lymphocytes were generated readily in cultures to which interleukin-2 was added. Phenotypic analysis of the cultured lymphocytes indicated that T-cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells were present. Moreover, functional studies of the cultured lymphocytes revealed NK activity, LAK activity, and most importantly, tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T-cell activity. It was concluded that it is possible to obtain tumor cell lines and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from ocular tumors, both of which would be required if cellular immunotherapy of ocular tumors is contemplated. In addition, these results indicate that ocular melanomas can express unique tumor-specific antigens and that the immune system of a patient with such an ocular tumor can perceive these tumor antigens because antigen-specific precursor cytotoxic T-cells were present in the tumor-containing eye at the time of enucleation. The theoretic and therapeutic implications of these findings are discussed.
Reduced expression of Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor-α modulates the cytotoxic effect of busulfan in HEK293 cells (2007)

High-dose busulfan is an important component in many conditioning protocols for hematopoietic stem cell or bone marrow transplantation. Treatment with busulfan results in the inhibition of cell cycle progression and apoptosis of tumor cells. As Rho GTPases are involved in cell cycle regulation, we investigated the influence of modified Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor-alpha (GDI), a physiological inhibitor of Rho GTPases, on busulfan activity in cancer cells. RhoGDIalpha has been shown to be overexpressed in multiple types of tumors such as ovarian and breast cancer. To investigate the role of RhoGDIalpha, we established a RhoGDIalpha knockdown by the transient transfection of HEK293 cells with specific small interfering RNA resulting in strongly reduced RhoGDIalpha mRNA and protein expression. Other members of the RhoGDI family such as RhoGDIbeta and RhoGDIgamma were not affected. In RhoGDIalpha knockdown cells, cell cycle regulation was not altered by the downregulation of RhoGDIalpha; however, the rate of apoptotic cells increased when compared with the control small interfering RNA-transfected cells. In addition, treatment of cells with busulfan resulted in a further increased apoptotic rate, as determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis and caspase-3 activation. Such a sensitization of RhoGDIalpha small interfering RNA transfected cells was also found upon treatment with doxorubicin and taxol. In summary, we could demonstrate that the expression of RhoGDIalpha influences the sensitivity of cells toward busulfan-induced cytotoxicity.
Time-frequency constraints for phase estimation in single-channel speech enhancement (2014)

Previous single-channel speech enhancement algorithms often employ noisy phase while reconstructing the enhanced signal. In this paper, we propose novel phase estimation methods by employing several temporal and spectral constraints imposed on the phase spectrum of speech signal. We pose the phase estimation problem as estimating the unknown clean speech phase at sinusoids observed in additive noise. To resolve the ambiguity in phase estimation problem, we introduce individual time-frequency constraints: group delay deviation, instantaneous frequency deviation, and relative phase shift. Through extensive simulations, the effectiveness of the proposed phase estimation methods in single-channel speech enhancement is demonstrated. Employing the estimated phase for signal reconstruction in medium-to-high SNRs leads to consistent improvement in perceived quality compared to when noisy phase is used.
Continuous optical sorting of HeLa cells and microparticles using optoelectronic tweezers (2005)

We demonstrate an automatic optical sorting technique that combines video image analysis, pattern recognition, and adaptive optoelectronic tweezers (OET) actuation on a continuously moving chip. This tool is capable of sorting cells and particles according to their visual characteristics at the single-cell level
Shilajit Odour : Its Origin and Chemical Character (1994)

Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005<br> <em>Manuscript recevied 29 September 1993</em> The chemical nature and composition of the odorous constituents of shilajit, from six countries, were determined. Collection of the volatiles from the headspace by a special technique, followed by GC MS and CI MS analyses showed the presence and relative abundance of about two dozen compounds common to all shilajit samples, albeit in different proportions. These compounds belonged to four distinct classes, viz. (i) long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives at different states of oxidation, (ii) naphthenes (alkylated cycloalkanes), (iii) alkylated aromatics and phenolics and (iv) heterocyclics. Phospholipids of shilajit, isolated and characterised by selective chemical treatment and FAB MS analysis, contributed (as fixerators) to the stability of its odour. This study dispels the age-old myth regarding the composition of the 'typical' odour and reaffirms our earlier postulate about the origin of shilajit.
An Integrated Map of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> for Functional Analysis of Its Genome Sequence (2001)

The genome of the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana has recently been sequenced. To accelerate its current genome research, we developed a whole-genome, BAC/BIBAC-based, integrated physical, genetic, and sequence map of the A. thaliana ecotype Columbia. This new map was constructed from the clones of a new plant-transformation-competent BIBAC library and is integrated with the existing sequence map. The clones were restriction fingerprinted by DNA sequencing gel-based electrophoresis, assembled into contigs, and anchored to an existing genetic map. The map consists of 194 BAC/BIBAC contigs, spanning 126 Mb of the 130-Mb Arabidopsis genome. A total of 120 contigs, spanning 114 Mb, were anchored to the chromosomes of Arabidopsis. Accuracy of the integrated map was verified using the existing physical and sequence maps and numerous DNA markers. Integration of the new map with the sequence map has enabled gap closure of the sequence map and will facilitate functional analysis of the genome sequence. The method used here has been demonstrated to be sufficient for whole-genome physical mapping from large-insert random bacterial clones and thus is applicable to rapid development of whole-genome physical maps for other species.