gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Update on Developing and Commercializing Oil Herders for In-Situ Burning (2014)

ABSTRACT Since the 2011 Conference (Buist et al. 2011 and Buist and Nedwed 2011), work on advancing oil herding agents for in-situ burning (ISB) has focused on three areas:Obtaining regulatory approvals for their use in North America;Developing an application system for use in a helicopter; and,Researching the effectiveness of herders for rapid-response ISB in open water. Desmi-AFTI worked in conjunction with S.L. Ross Environmental Research to get approval to use herders in North American waters. The proscribed test data from an accredited laboratory in Louisiana on three candidate herding agents (also called surface collecting agents) was submitted to the U.S. EPA for approval to list them on the National Contingency Plan (NCP) Product Schedule. Two herders have been placed on the list and are now commercially available. These two can be used, with the FOSC's concurrence, for spill response operations in U.S. waters. Samples of all three herders have been sent to Environment Canada, along with all the EPA test data, for their consideration. Quantities (200 L) of the two herders listed on the NCP Product Schedule have been produced and are stockpiled at Desmi-AFTI in Buffalo, NY. An application system, consisting of a pump, controls and reservoir has been designed to be placed inside an appropriate helicopter. It incorporates a reel-able hose that is used to lower the application nozzle to the correct height above the water for herder application. Dry land, static trials were conducted in September 2013 and helicopter flight trials are planned for summer and fall 2014. A back-pack sprayer system for herder application from a small vessel is available off-the-shelf, with only minor modifications required for cold-temperature use. The US Department of the Interior's Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement sponsored a series of laboratory and Ohmsett experiments to see whether herders could contract oil slicks in wave conditions in open water. The results showed that the monolayer of each of the two best herders will survive for more than 45 minutes in a calm sea. The presence of breaking or cresting waves rapidly disrupts the herder monolayer and the oil slick resulting in the production of many small slicklets from the herded slick and the re-spreading of the oil to thin slicks. The monolayer survives for considerable periods of time in a swell condition, but the constant stretching and contracting of the herded slick results in elongating the oil slick and slowly breaking the slick into smaller segments. Testing of the helicopter application system with a herding agent on a 10 m3 experimental crude oil release in drift ice is planned for spring 2015. Further laboratory study of the approved herders is also planned with the goals of better understanding their toxicity and biodegradation and the window of opportunity for their effective use on weathered, emulsified and waxy oils.
RF pulse optimization for Bloch‐Siegert <i>B</i> mapping (2011)

The Bloch-Siegert (B-S) method of B ₁⁺ mapping has been shown to be fast and accurate, yet has high SAR and moderately long TE. These limitations can lengthen scan times and incur signal loss due to B(0) inhomogeneity, particularly at high field. The B-S method relies on applying a band-limited off-resonant B-S radiofrequency pulse to induce a B ₁⁺-dependent frequency-shift for resonant spins. A method for optimizing the B-S radiofrequency pulse is presented here, which maximizes B-S B ₁⁺ measurement sensitivity for a given SAR and T(2) . A 4-ms optimized pulse is shown to have 35% less SAR compared with the conventional 6-ms Fermi pulse while still improving B ₁⁺ map angle-to-noise ratio by 22%. The optimized pulse performance is validated both in phantom and in vivo brain imaging at 7 T.
A Novel Approach for Classification of Normal/Abnormal Phonocardiogram Recordings using Temporal Signal Analysis and Machine Learning (2016)

This paper discusses a novel approach used for classification of phonocardiogram (PCG) excerpts into normal and abnormal classes as a part of Physionet 2016 challenge [10]. The dataset used for the competition comprises of cardiac abnormalities such as mitral valve prolapse (MVP), benign murmurs, aortic diseases, coronary artery disease, miscellaneous pathological conditions etc.
Revolution, Warand Conquest, 1637-60 (1992)

The public announcement of the introduction of the prayer book at St Giles cathedral on 23 July 1637 provided the occasion for an organised protest by the king's political and religious critics which turned into a popular riot. An outpouring of religious dissent followed throughout August, fuelled by economic grievances, especially in and around Edinburgh, Fife and the west. The aristocratic leadership was surprised at the level of popular support, but retained control of events. However, the privy council pretended the incident was a spontaneous, popular riot, exploited by dissident presbyterian ministers, and was reluctant either to inquire further or to inform the king of the growing momentum of the protest. The attack on the crown's religious policies focussed on the single issue of the prayer book, which was condemned as popish, against the reformed tradition and unconstitutional.
Development of Cell-SELEX Technology and Its Application in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy (2016)

SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) is a process involving the progressive isolation of high selective ssDNA/RNA from a combinatorial single-stranded oligonucleotide library through repeated rounds of binding, partitioning and amplification. SELEX-derived single-stranded DNA/RNA molecules, called aptamers, are selected against a wide range of targets, including purified proteins, live cells, tissues, microorganisms, small molecules and so on. With the development of SELEX technology over the last two decades, various modified SELEX processes have been arisen. A majority of aptamers are selected against purified proteins through traditional SELEX. Unfortunately, more and more evidence showed aptamers selected against purified membrane proteins failed to recognize their targets in live cells. Cell-SELEX could develop aptamers against a particular target cell line to discriminate this cell line from others. Therefore, cell-SELEX has been widely used to select aptamers for the application of both diagnosis and therapy of various diseases, especially for cancer. In this review, the advantages and limitations of cell-SELEX and SELEX against purified protein will be compared. Various modified cell-SELEX techniques will be summarized, and application of cell-SELEX in cancer diagnosis and therapy will be discussed.
A Quorum-Based Commit Protocol (1982)

Herein, we propose a commit protocol and an associated recovery protocol that is resilient to site failures, lost messages, and network partitioning. The protocols do not require that a failure be correctly identified or even detected. The only potential effect of undetected failures is a degradation in performance. The protocols use a weighted voting scheme that supports an arbitrary degree of data replication (including none) and allows unilaterally aborts by any site. This last property facilitates the integration of these protocols with concurrency control protocols. Both protocols are centralized protocols with low message overhead.
Exploiting structure for scalable software verification (2008)

Software bugs are expensive. Recent estimates by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology claim that the cost of software bugs to the US economy alone is approximately 60 billion USD annually. As society becomes increasingly software-dependent, bugs also reduce our productivity and threaten our safety and security. Decreasing these direct and indirect costs represents a significant research challenge as well as an opportunity for businesses. Automatic software bug-finding and verification tools have a potential to completely revolutionize the software engineering industry by improving reliability and decreasing development costs. Since software analysis is in general undecidable, automatic tools have to use various abstractions to make the analysis computationally tractable. Abstraction is a double-edged sword: coarse abstractions, in general, yield easier verification, but also less precise results. This thesis focuses on exploiting the structure of software for abstracting away irrelevant behavior. Programmers tend to organize code into objects and functions, which effectively represent natural abstraction boundaries. Humans use such structural abstractions to simplify their mental models of software and for constructing informal explanations of why a piece of code should work. A natural question to ask is: How can automatic bug-finding tools exploit the same natural abstractions? This thesis offers possible answers. More specifically, I present three novel ways to exploit structure at three different steps of the software analysis process. First, I show how symbolic execution can preserve the data-flow dependencies of the original code while constructing compact symbolic representations of programs. Second, I propose structural abstraction, which exploits the structure preserved by the symbolic execution. Structural abstraction solves a long-standing open problem --- scalable interprocedural path- and context-sensitive program analysis. Finally, I present an automatic tuning approach that exploits the fine-grained structural properties of software (namely, data- and control-dependency) for faster property checking. This novel approach resulted in a 500-fold speedup over the best previous techniques. Automatic tuning not only redefined the limits of automatic software analysis tools, but also has already found its way into other domains (like model checking), demonstrating the generality and applicability of this idea.
Functional testing and fault analysis based fault coverage enhancement techniques for embedded core based systems (2002)

The use of embedded cores poses several new problems in testing systems built around them. An important one amongst them is the need to achieve high fault coverage in an embedded context. Several impediments exist to obtaining a high fault coverage in such embedded systems. This paper presents a set of techniques for enhancing the fault coverage in an embedded DSP core based system. Its main contributions are: (i) examines the various test constraints in such a system and the impediments to achieving a high fault coverage therein; (ii) presents the development of functional testing techniques to enhance the coverage of the individual components; (iii) complements this effort by presenting fault analysis techniques, to further enhance this coverage. The techniques described in the paper have been used to improve the fault coverage of devices built around Texas Instruments new DSP core, TMS320C27xx. Results indicate the effectiveness of functional testing and fault analysis techniques in raising the DSP core and memory wrapper logic coverage above 95%, over and above the best results obtained through ATPG.
GaN-based light-emitting diodes prepared on vicinal sapphire substrates (2007)

Thin InGaN epitaxial layers and GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on conventional and vicinal cut sapphire substrates are prepared. It is found that indium atoms are distributed much more uniformly in the samples prepared on vicinal cut sapphire substrates. It is also found that stronger electroluminescence intensity can be achieved without the band-filling effect of localised states from the LEDs with vicinal cut sapphire substrate. With 20 mA current injection, it is found that 44% electroluminescence intensity enhancement can be achieved by using the 1° tilted sapphire substrate.
The design and implementation of the redland RDF application framework (2001)

Article Share on The design and implementation of the redland RDF application framework Author: David Beckett Institute for Learning and Research Technology, University of Bristol, 8-10 Berkeley Square, Bristol, BS8 1HH, UK Institute for Learning and Research Technology, University of Bristol, 8-10 Berkeley Square, Bristol, BS8 1HH, UKView Profile Authors Info & Claims WWW '01: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on World Wide WebMay 2001 Pages 449–456https://doi.org/10.1145/371920.372099Published:01 April 2001Publication History 48citation796DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations48Total Downloads796Last 12 Months22Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Cyclic AMP and Afferent Activity Govern Bidirectional Synaptic Plasticity in Striatopallidal Neurons (2014)

Recent experimental evidence suggests that the low dopamine conditions in Parkinson's disease (PD) cause motor impairment through aberrant motor learning. Those data, along with computational models, suggest that this aberrant learning results from maladaptive corticostriatal plasticity and learned motor inhibition. Dopaminergic modulation of both corticostriatal long-term depression (LTD) and long-term potentiation (LTP) is proposed to be critical for these processes; however, the regulatory mechanisms underlying bidirectional corticostriatal plasticity are not fully understood. Previously, we demonstrated a key role for cAMP signaling in corticostriatal LTD. In this study, mouse brain slices were used to perform a parametric experiment that tested the impact of varying both intracellular cAMP levels and the strength of excitatory inputs on corticostriatal plasticity. Using slice electrophysiology in the dorsolateral striatum, we demonstrate that both LTP and LTD can be sequentially induced in the same D2-expressing neuron and that LTP was strongest with high intracellular cAMP and LFS, whereas LTD required low intracellular cAMP and high-frequency stimulation. Our results provide a molecular and cellular basis for regulating bidirectional corticostriatal synaptic plasticity and may help to identify novel therapeutic targets for blocking or reversing the aberrant synaptic plasticity that likely contributes to motor deficits in PD.
Prevalence of Peripheral Arterial Disease in a Cohort of Diabetic Patients (2006)

This study suggests that there is a higher prevalence of PAD in diabetics as compared with controls. The prevalence of PAD is directly proportional to the duration of diabetes and age of the person. The prevalence of PAD is not a function of treatment modality. The stenosis associated with PAD in diabetics is generally infrapopliteal.
Television in the Sea (1975)

近時, 海洋開発という言葉がさかんに叫ばれるようになってきて, そのための開発プロジェクトが組まれ, かつ必要な材料の開発も積極的に進められている.本文では, 海洋開発用機材の中で, 人聞の眼にも相当する水中テレビについて, 現状と技術的問題点などについて概説し, あわせて現在実用されている水中テレビの2～3の具体例にもふれ, 若干将来への展望も加える.
Development of Genetic and Genomic Research Resources for <i>Brachypodium distachyon</i>, a New Model System for Grass Crop Research (2008)

Grass crop genomics research frequently is hindered by large genome sizes and polyploidy. While rice is an attractive system for grass genomics due to its small genome size and available genome sequence, it is not particularly well‐suited as a robust model system for all grass crops. The wild grass species Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P. Beauv. (Brachypodium) has recently gained favor as a new model system for grass crop genomics research because it possesses a suite of biological traits desired in a model system. Further, it is more closely related to the large and diverse group of cool season grass crops than is either rice ( Oryza sativa L.) or sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.], the second grass crop species whose genome has been sequenced. Thus, by virtue both of its biological attributes and its evolutionary history, Brachypodium fills an important gap in grass crop genomics research. A surge in interest in Brachypodium has led to rapid and significant advances in the acquisition of knowledge and development of resources needed to exploit this species as a model system, including. the impending completion of a draft nuclear genome sequence of Brachypodium. Integration of diverse genetic and genomic resources developed or under development for Brachypodium with the genome sequence will encourage further adoption of this species as a bona fide model plant system.
Generation of frequency-tunable light and frequency reference grids using diode lasers for one-petahertz optical frequency sweep generator (1995)

Generation of frequency-tunable light and frequency reference grids in a wide frequency span for a diode laser based optical frequency sweep generator has been performed. Frequency tuning and noise characteristics in nonlinear frequency conversions have been discussed. By using AlGaAs, InGaAsP lasers and their frequency conversions in the type II angle phase-matching KTP crystal, highly coherent frequency-tunable outputs have been obtained from 600 THz (0.5 /spl mu/m) to 170 THz (1.7 /spl mu/m). Use of the DFB lasers ensures the continuous tuning with a frequency range as wide as 1 THz. Atomic potassium and molecular iodine absorption resonances have been employed as frequency references for stabilizing the frequencies of lasers and the generated light with the frequency stability of 10/sup -9/-10/sup -10/. Optical frequency COMB94 generation has been realized at the 0.8 /spl mu/m wavelength with a two-sided sidebands span of 4 THz. We have also proposed and demonstrated specific frequency-tunable systems based on sum and difference-generations of diode lasers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Interspecies Transformation of <i>Acinetobacter</i> : Genetic Evidence for a Ubiquitous Genus (1972)

The availability of a strain of Acinetobacter competent for transformation has made it possible to demonstrate the genetic relatedness of a large variety of gram-negative, oxidase-negative, nonmotile, and aerobic coccobacilli originally classified into eleven different genera. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) species from 265 such strains are capable of transforming stable auxotrophs of the competent Acinetobacter to prototrophy. The compositions of these DNA species vary from 40 to 46.8% guanine plus cytosine. Strains with widely differing phenotypic properties are also included in this collection of acinetobacters. DNA species from all oxidase-positive strains of Moraxella and from a variety of common bacteria are unable to transform the competent Acinetobacter. Although acinetobacters are usually considered to be unable to reduce nitrate to nitrite, six strains known to carry out this reduction have been shown to be authentic acinetobacters since their DNA species readily transform the competent Acinetobacter auxotrophs to prototrophy. In contrast to previous findings that acinetobacters rarely grow with glucose as a sole carbon source, the results of the present study show that 17 of the 265 strains grow readily in a glucosemineral medium, and 48 other strains can mutate spontaneously to grow in such a medium. A second competent strain of Acinetobacter, originally unable to use glucose, d-xylose, or d-ribose as carbon sources, has been transformed for ability to dissimilate these compounds using DNA species from strains that normally grow on these sugars. Although most of the 265 Acinetobacter strains studied were originally grown on complex media when isolated from human sources, only nine of these strains require growth factors in order to grow in a mineral medium containing a single carbon and energy source. A simple transformation assay has been devised for rapid examination of large numbers of strains to determine whether or not they are acinetobacters. This assay, which is suitable for routine diagnostic work, includes a procedure for preparation of crude transforming DNA from a small quantity of bacterial paste. Samples of DNA prepared from Acinetobacter cultures that had died on slants and plates were still able to effect transformation of the competent auxotrophs to prototrophy.
P-6: Validation of HET-CAM assay as alternative methods to the Draize rabbit eye test (2007)

One of the most important biological properties of cosmetics, and also of many raw materials, is the local compatibility to mucous membrane. First of all, the assessment of eye irritation is very important in cosmetics industries. Until now standardization in vivo tests are accepted by public health authorities as valid to estimate the irritation potential of chemicals and suitable for the risk assessment. However, the controversial discussion on animal tests, and particularly on the Draize rabbit eye test, is increasing in the public and scientific domain. Efforts have been made to validate proper and suitable in vitro tests in international cosmetics industries during the last decade. One of the most important in vitro tests is the HET-CAM assay. HET-CAM assays have become widely used to assess the irritation potential of test substances. In this paper, hen`s egg-chorioallantoic membranes were used to screen for and assess eye irritation properties of surfactants, chemicals and cosmetics, in connection with Draize rabbit eye test. The purposes of this paper are validation and verification of HET-CAM assay as alternative methods to the Draize rabbit eye test. We decided to use endpoint assessment (EPA) for prediction model and found out saline, squalane, 10% ethanol and eutanol G as suitable vehicles for both HET-CAM assay and Draize eye test. The Pearson correlation of HET-CAM assay and Draize eye test with 5 chemicals, 8 surfactants and 9 cosmetics was 0.894(p<0.001). The correlation was higher (0.992, p<0.001) in cosmetics than others. After considering all the results on Pearson correlation, we suppose that the HET-CAM assay is a useful tool as alternative method to the Draize eye test for safety assessment of cosmetics.
The Use of a Concentration Step to Collect Urinary Components Separated by Capillary Electrophoresis and Further Characterization of Collected Analytes by Mass Spectrometry (1991)

Abstract Two methods were developed using capillary electrophoresis to concentrate urinary constituents in order to collect adequate amounts of separated analytes. the first method utilizes multiple capillaries arranged in bundles and coupled to a single capillary through a glass connector. the second method consists of the use of an analyte concentrator containing an antibody covalently bound to a solid support material. Both methods allow loading of increased amounts of samples into the capillary, and the continuous collection of purified material in nanogram-microgram quantities. the samples collected by the two methods were further analyzed by mass spectrometry.
A Two Layered Trust Model Selection Based on Automated Trust Negotiation for Grid Service (2009)

A key step for grid service composing rests with the selection of the individual service. A two layered mixed trust model (TLMTM) for grid service selection based on automated trust negotiation ATN is presented. The model combines trust mechanism with ATN. The upper layer of TLMTM is the service composition trust template (SCTT) that it can ensure those services with the higher trust value to be selected, and the under layer is used to bind the service instances in appropriate access authorization from the candidate services class of each node in the SCTT. The trust values of the candidate services class form a trust matrix which is used to construct the SCTT by the max value of each row. Each service of the service composition can be accessed by the least disclosure tree LDT under the ATN access control strategy. Experiment results show the model can exchange credentials between strangers more safely and it can ensure the higher service selection success ratio in dynamic grid environment.