gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel approaches for improved performance of inertial sensors and integrated navigation systems (2013)

Navigation is the science and art that answers the questions of knowing where you are at the current moment and where you will be in the next moment. Modern navigation systems are based mainly on satellite and inertial sensors. Inertial sensor systems are becoming very popular in navigation systems because they are self contained sensors. The goal of this research is to develop novel approaches for improving the performance of inertial sensor systems and their integration algorithms with external sensors such as global positioning system (GPS) and magnetometers. The standalone inertial navigation system (INS) is dependent on the inertial measurement unit (IMU). An IMU is traditionally composed of three orthogonal gyroscopes and three orthogonal accelerometers.\nIn the inertial sensors side, we focus on the use of distributed accelerometers for inferring the angular motion from the angular information contained in their measurements. There exists a variety of reasons for conducting this research. In short, high quality gyros have high cost, high power consumption, large weight and large volume. On the other hand, accelerometers are less costly, easier to manufacture, have less power consumption and less weight than gyros. We developed different fusion approaches for benefiting from the angular information vector (AIV) resulting from the distributed accelerometers to form a gyro-free IMU (GF-IMU) or to aid the GF-IMU by conventional gyros. By improving the performance we mean reducing noise and bias level in the estimated inertial quantity.\nIn the integrated navigation side, we present different approaches to implement the GPS/INS integration filters and the attitude and heading reference system (AHRS) algorithms. We use direction cosine matrix (DCM) based algorithms which implies estimating the elements of the DCM directly within the filter. The basis for this method is the ground alignment method for attitude and heading determination. The attitude update of the DCM is performed using angle rotation vector. The filter is able to detect the gyro bias vector and follow its variation and hence it fits low-cost sensors as well as high grade sensor. We validated the efficiency of the algorithms using proper simulations and real-time implementations.\n
Perceptual Learning Modules in Flight Training (1994)

Differences between novices and experts in many piloting skills may be due to perceptual learning. Sufficient exposure to relevant stimulus variation produces more efficient information extraction, processing of higher-order patterns, and automaticity. Isolating and condensing relevant perceptual experience in part-task environments might accelerate training. Here we report initial studies of two prototype perceptual learning modules (PLMs) for flight training. Subjects were either experienced (500-2500 hour) civil aviators or non-pilots. In the Visual Navigation PLM, subjects received brief instruction on aeronautical chart symbology and then viewed 20-second segments of terrain (videotaped from aircraft). Each trial required a speeded, forced choice of the aircraft's location from three possible grid locations on the aeronautical chart. A separate control group received only 20 pre- and 20 post-test trials. In the Instrument Relationships PLM, subjects viewed displays of primary flight instruments and performed a speeded response classifying the flight attitude depicted. In both PLMs, subjects' speed and accuracy were measured over 9 blocks of trials. PLMs produced dramatic improvements in speed and accuracy for both non-pilots and pilots. Pilots initially outperformed non-pilots. Non-pilots after 1-2 hours of PLM training were as accurate and faster than pilots before training in both PLMs. The results suggest that PLMs have value for primary and recurrent training, both in aviation and other domains. Appropriately structured PLMs could condense perceptual learning processes that normally occur with extended experience. By fostering greater automaticity of pattern processing, PLMs might allow component skills to be more easily integrated in flight or other complex tasks.
Fabrication and Photodegradation Behavior of Photosensitive Polyimide LB Film (2001)

Abstract Ultra thin film of polyamic acid having benzene and sulfonyloxyimide moieties was fabricated with a LB technique and then photosensitive polyimide LB film was obtained by the precursor method. Physical properties and photodegradation behavior of polyimide LB film were investigated by π-A isotherm, UV-Visible and FT-IR spectroscopic measurements. Especially, it has been found that the ultra thin LB film of polyimide is an effective positive type resist material for obtaining high lithographic resolution.
GraphSLAM-based Crowdsourcing framework for indoor Wi-Fi fingerprinting (2016)

Due to the ubiquitous deployment of WiFi Access Points(APs) in indoor environment, many research works have been conducted to utilize WiFi Received Signal Strength(RSS) for the purpose of indoor localization. Most of such methods require large amount of training data to guarantee satisfying accuracy. However, the process of site survey is really time-consuming and labor intensive. In this work, we propose to combine inertial sensor-based user motion measurement and sensed WiFi signals to enable WiFi fingerprint database construction in a Crowdsource manner. Pedestrians whose smart phone are equipped with our software could contribute his walking trace and WiFi signals to our system without explicit effort. User trajectories are modeled with GraphSLAM which requires a certain number of landmarks for better calibration. We investigate the characteristics of signal similarity in indoor space and on this basis propose to utilize virtual WiFi landmarks for GraphSLAM optimization and we design a two-step algorithm to map these landmarks automatically to fit in with Crowdsourcing settings. Finally, we choose the kNN algorithm as the localization algorithm. Our proposed method frees surveyors from the hard work of site survey in whole environment and at the same time yields a competitive localization accuracy.
Microbial Detoxification of Aflatoxin (1966)

Yeasts, molds, bacteria, actinomycetes, algae, and fungal spores were screened for their ability to degrade aflatoxin. Some molds and mold spores partially transformed aflatoxin B(1) to new fluorescing compounds. Only one of the bacteria, Flavobacterium (aurantiacum?) NRRL B-184, removed aflatoxin from solution. Both growing and resting cells of B-184 took up toxin irreversibly. Toxin-contaminated milk, oil, peanut butter, peanuts, and corn were completely detoxified, and contaminated soybean was partially detoxified by addition of B-184. Duckling assays showed that detoxification of aflatoxin solutions by B-184 was complete, with no new toxic products being formed.
100. Ring–chain tautomerism in the acid halides of the half-esters of dibasic acids (1952)

B. H. Chase and D. H. Hey, J. Chem. Soc., 1952, 553 DOI: 10.1039/JR9520000553
A Look at the Career Development of Managers and the Motivation of Their Staff: Highlights from two Surveys in the Pharmaceutical Industry (1985)

This business is not a steady one where you are always making a reasonable rate of progress. You will have a group of compounds, things will be going well. All of a sudden, disaster and some are lost. The regulatory authority will find something that reasonable people think is okay, but they don't. It happens all the time.President, Pharmaceutical Company The pharmaceutical industry can be a frustrating workplace. The majority of compounds synthesized die in research. By the time a compound proves itself commercially viable, ten years may have elapsed with the company having invested anywhere from 30 to 100 million dollars. But great financial rewards exist for the company that creates a breakthrough drug.The men and women who work in the industry share common concerns about their careers and about staying motivated to run the long race with its circuitous road. In 1981, at the suggestion of Dr. Irene Chow of CIBA-GEIGY and Dr. Jerry Johnson of Syntex, I looked into the problem of stalled technical managers, andAn earlier version of this paper was presented to the Pharmaceutical Scientific Interdisciplinary Group in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, May 1983.
Diffraction by Circular Apertures with a Ring-Shaped π-Phase Change (1970)

Expressions are given for the three-dimensional irradiance distribution of the error-free diffraction pattern by circular apertures with a ring-shaped π-phase change. Both the amplitude distribution in the focal plane and the irradiance distribution along the optical axis have been evaluated for a large number of cases. Some interesting results are discussed and illustrated graphically. The resolving power and focal depth are taken into considerations with these apertures. Finally, some experimental results are presented.
Multiplexed synchronization: an electronic warfare countermeasure (1991)

The authors present a method for transporting data through very noisy channels such as those encountered in electronic warfare. This method is based on two very important concepts. One of these is multiplexing via Boolean functions and the other is code combining. This technique spreads synchronization information throughout the message. The multiplexed synchronization technique is costly. The amount of traffic that must be sent per message is often quite large. The technique is robust, however, and may be of value for countering severe random fades and the severe and nonstationary interference processes encountered in electronic warfare.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Syringe Siliconization Process Investigation and Optimization (2012)

Syringe siliconization can be considered a well-established manufacturing process and has been implemented by numerous syringe providers. However, its technical details and associated critical process parameters are rarely published. The purpose of this study is three-fold: (1) to reveal design details of a bench-top siliconization unit, (2) to identify critical process parameters and determine their optimum range to provide consistent and even silicone coating, and (3) to demonstrate the applicability of the optimum process condition derived from the bench-top unit to a pilot siliconization unit. The outcomes of this study will benefit scientists and engineers developing pre-filled syringe products by helping them to better understanding silicone spray coating principles and their relationship to siliconization processes in a large-scale manufacturing setting.
An evaluation method of transformer behaviors on common-mode conduction noise in SMPS (2011)

The electric coupling between primary and secondary windings of the transformer is usually evaluated by the capacitance between the primary and secondary windings which is tested by one-port test devices, such as LCR meter. This method can't completely characterizes the EMI behaviors of the transformer on common-mode noise, because this method does not account electrical potential distribution along the winding turns and the shielding copper foil effect in the transformer. A new evaluation method is proposed in this paper which can overcome the traditional shortages on CM noise by spectrum analyzer, EMI receiver or network analyzer. The method provides an effective test tool to optimize the structures of the windings and shielding of a transformer in design and to control the quality of the transformer in mass production with its CM EMI behaviors. Finally, the experimental results verify the proposed method to be correct and feasible.
STUDIES ON THE IN VITRO SURVIVIAL OF VIRULENT TREPONEMA PALLIDUM (1962)

Journal Article STUDIES ON THE IN VITRO SURVIVIAL OF VIRULENT TREPONEMA PALLIDUM: METHODOLOGY AND BASAL SYNTHETIC MEDIUM Get access G. E. KIMM, G. E. KIMM Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of National Health and WelfareOttawa, Canada. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. H. ALLEN, R. H. ALLEN Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of National Health and WelfareOttawa, Canada. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HELEN J. MORTON, HELEN J. MORTON Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of National Health and WelfareOttawa, Canada. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOSEPH F. MORGAN JOSEPH F. MORGAN Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of National Health and WelfareOttawa, Canada. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 75, Issue 3, May 1962, Pages 339–346, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120255 Published: 01 May 1962 Article history Received: 13 January 1962 Published: 01 May 1962
Complex Variable Solutions for Tunneling-Induced Ground Movement (2009)

Soil loss during tunneling may induce the ground deformation. The loss volume depends on tunneling methods, soil types, workmanship, etc. The movement pattern along the tunnel section can be separated into two parts: one part of which focuses on the planed center of the tunnel, and the other translates in the vertical direction. On the basis of the complex variable theory for elasticity, the corresponding second part movement could be deduced if the first part is predetermined. This paper studies the ground deformations under four possible focusing movement patterns. A comparison between the solutions and measured data is conducted for five different tunnels. It is proposed that the third focusing movement pattern could be presumed for predicting tunneling-induced ground deformation.
Central Facilitation of the Glottic Closure Reflex in Humans (2003)

The sphincteric function of the larynx, essential to lower airway protection, is most efficiently achieved through strong reflex adduction by both vocal cords. We hypothesize that central facilitation is an essential component of a bilateral adductor reflex and that its disturbance could result in weakened sphincteric closure. Five patients during supraglottic laryngectomy underwent evoked response laryngeal electromyography under 0.5 and 1.0 minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) isoflurane anesthesia. The internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve was stimulated through bipolar platinum-iridium electrodes, and recording electrodes were positioned in the ipsilateral and contralateral thyroarytenoid muscles. Consistent threshold responses were obtained ipsilaterally from 0.5 to 1.0 MAC anesthesia. However, the contralateral reflex responses approached 0% in successive trials as anesthetic levels approached 1.0 MAC. In human subjects, alteration of central facilitation by deepening anesthesia abolishes the crossed adductor reflex, predisposing to a weakened glottic closure response. A precise understanding of this effect may improve the prevention of aspiration in patients emerging from prolonged sedation or under heavy psychotropic control.
LPMiner: an algorithm for finding frequent itemsets using length-decreasing support constraint (2002)

Over the years, a variety of algorithms for finding frequent item sets in very large transaction databases has been developed. The key feature in most of these algorithms is that they use a constant support constraint to control the inherently exponential complexity of the problem. In general, item sets that contain only a few items tend to be interesting if they have a high support, whereas long item sets can still be interesting even if their support is relatively small. Ideally, we desire to have an algorithm that finds all the frequent item sets whose support decreases as a function of their length. In this paper, we present an algorithm called LPMiner (Long Pattern Miner) that finds all item sets that satisfy a length-decreasing support constraint. Our experimental evaluation shows that LPMiner is up to two orders of magnitude faster than the FP-growth algorithm for finding item sets at a constant support constraint, and that its run-time increases gradually as the average length of the transactions (and the discovered item sets) increases.
Rotary Coding for Power Reduction and S/N Improvement in Inductive-Coupling Data Communication (2012)

In this paper, we describe a noncontact inductive-coupling data transmission link employing rotary data encoding. A system using this data-transmission link is inherently insensitive to jitter introduced in the channel and consumes approximately 50% less power than previously reported solutions. The system is targeted for applications benefiting from simultaneous noncontact power and data transmission, such as wafer-level testing, memory card interfaces, and inter-strata data communication in 3-D integrated circuits. Functionality of the proposed link is verified experimentally with a test chip developed in an 0.18-μm CMOS process. In the second part of this paper, we introduce a design of a high-speed data transceiver using rotary coding. We demonstrate that, because of properties of the rotary coding, a simple transceiver without a PLL-based CDR circuit can operate at data rates limited only by characteristics of the physical channel. For performance optimization, we have developed a new family of ternary logic gates including latches, D-flip-flops, and multiplexers.
From instant messaging to cloud computing, an XMPP review (2010)

The extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is a versatile protocol that demonstrates many advantages over traditional communication protocols. XMPP's origin as an instant messaging (IM) protocol ensures that it inherits a tight relation with social communities and its flexibility makes it a very good candidate for converging communications between different application domains, such as social networks, consumer electronics and cloud computing. This paper reviews the XMPP protocol, its standardization community extensions and its usage in published literature. An application domain classification, or taxonomy, is derived and used to relate complementary and competing instances of XMPP deployment.
o-Methoxycarbonylphenyl 1-Thio-β-d-Galactopyranoside, A Non-malodorous Thio Glycosylation Donor for the Synthesis of Globosyl α (1-4)-Linkages (2001)

o-Methoxycarbonylphenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-1-thio-β-d-galactoside 1 was designed and demonstrated to serve as a non-malodorous thioglycosyl donor in α-selective glycosylation reactions with 4-OH galactoside and 4′-OH lactoside to give globosyl Gb2 and Gb3 saccharides, respectively.
The Dynamic Relation Between Stock Returns, Trading Volume, and Volatility (2001)

Abstract We examine the dynamic relation between returns, volume, and volatility of stock indexes. The data come from nine national markets and cover the period from 1973 to 2000. The results show a positive correlation between trading volume and the absolute value of the stock price change. Granger causality tests demonstrate that for some countries, returns cause volume and volume causes returns. Our results indicate that trading volume contributes some information to the returns process. The results also show persistence in volatility even after we incorporate contemporaneous and lagged volume effects. The results are robust across the nine national markets.
Assurance of monoclonality in one round of cloning through cell sorting for single cell deposition coupled with high resolution cell imaging (2015)

Regulatory authorities require that cell lines used in commercial production of recombinant proteins must be derived from a single cell progenitor or clone. The limiting dilution method of cell cloning required multiple rounds of low-density cell plating and microscopic observation of a single cell in order to provide evidence of monoclonality. Other cloning methods rely on calculating statistical probability of monoclonality rather than visual microscopic observation of cells. We have combined the single cell deposition capability of the Becton Dickinson Influx™ cell sorter with the microscopic imaging capability of the SynenTec Cellavista to create a system for producing clonal production cell lines. The efficiency of single cell deposition by the Influx™ was determined to be 98% using fluorescently labeled cells. The centrifugal force required to settle the deposited cells to the bottom of the microplate well was established to be 1,126g providing a 98.1% probability that all cells will be in the focal plane of the Cellavista imaging system. The probability that a single cell was deposited by the cell sorter combined with the probability of every cell settling into the focal plane of the imager yield a combined >99% probability of documented monoclonality.
Applications of WS2(MoS2) inorganic nanotubes and fullerene-like nanoparticles for solid lubrication and for structural nanocomposites (2005)

Nanoparticles of WS2 and MoS2 with a closed cage structure (fullerene-like) that are termed IF phases are synthesized in large amounts in a pure form. These nanoparticles were shown to play a favorable role as solid lubricants under severe conditions where fluids are unable to support the heavy load and are squeezed away from the contact area. Various tribological scenarios are presented for these superior solid lubricants, demonstrating the large scale potential for applications of these materials. The mechanism of action of these solid lubricants is briefly discussed. Various other potential applications of IF phases for nanocomposites with high impact resistance; in rechargeable batteries and in optical devices are discussed in short.
Magnesium-protoporphyrin chelatase of Rhodobacter sphaeroides: reconstitution of activity by combining the products of the bchH, -I, and -D genes expressed in Escherichia coli. (1995)

Magnesium-protoporphyrin chelatase lies at the branch point of the heme and (bacterio)chlorophyll biosynthetic pathways. In this work, the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides has been used as a model system for the study of this reaction. The bchH and the bchI and -D genes from R. sphaeroides were expressed in Escherichia coli. When cell-free extracts from strains expressing BchH, BchI, and BchD were combined, the mixture was able to catalyze the insertion of Mg into protoporphyrin IX in an ATP-dependent manner. This was possible only when all three genes were expressed. The bchH, -I, and -D gene products are therefore assigned to the Mg chelatase step in bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis. The mechanism of the Mg chelation reaction and the implications for chlorophyll biosynthesis in plants are discussed.
Wayfinding without Visual Cues: Evaluation of an Interactive Audio Map System (2013)

Journal Article Wayfinding without Visual Cues: Evaluation of an Interactive Audio Map System Get access Esther Loeliger, Esther Loeliger * 1Algorithms Group, School of Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB Herts, UK *Corresponding author: e.loeliger@herts.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tony Stockman Tony Stockman 2Cognitive Science Research Group and Centre for Digital Music, School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Interacting with Computers, Volume 26, Issue 5, September 2014, Pages 403–416, https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwt042 Published: 20 August 2013 Article history Received: 12 February 2013 Revision received: 16 June 2013 Accepted: 29 June 2013 Published: 20 August 2013
Accelerations of the Head During Soccer Ball Heading (2010)

The objective of this study was to investigate the accelerations of the head during soccer ball heading by introducing a prototype accelerometer-chip instrumented mouth guard. This mouth guard was evaluated for further use in head impact studies.