gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) promotes neutrophil degranulation and MMP-9 release (2008)

Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), the only approved stroke treatment, is used for clot lysis within the occluded brain artery. Unfortunately, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) concentration increases after t-PA treatment and has been related to hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke. Although the exact cellular source of brain MMP-9 remains unknown, invading, inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils, release MMP-9 to cross the blood brain barrier. Therefore, we hypothesize that the most feared side effect of stroke reperfusion therapy, brain hemorrhage, is related to t-PA-induced MMP-9 release by neutrophils. We show by means of ELISA that t-PA treatment promotes MMP-9, MMP-8, and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-2 release from human neutrophils ex vivo within 10 and 30 min. Moreover, by zymography and Western blot, we observed that neutrophils are emptied of MMP-9 content after t-PA treatment at those times. Finally, total internal reflection fluorescent imaging allowed us to observe the t-PA effect on neutrophils, showing the promotion of degranulation on these cells in vivo. Our data suggest that neutrophils are good candidates to be the main source of MMP-9 following t-PA stroke treatment and in consequence, partially responsible for thrombolysis-related brain bleedings.
Operator Assistance and Manual Services (2001)

This chapter explains the manual operation of telephone networks. It commences with the initial role of ‘operators’ in telephone networks as ‘manual switch exchanges’. It then goes on to explain how and why the role of the operator has changed over the years. The chapter explains the privileges operators are afforded and the technical features of operator exchanges which make ‘assistance service’ possible.
Analytical Vibration of Spinning, Elastic Disk-Spindle Systems (1999)

This work develops the dynamic equations of motion for a spinning disk-spindle system and casts them in a structured formulation that reveals the classical gyroscopic nature of the system. The disk and spindle are modeled as elastic continua coupled by a rigid, three-dimensional clamp. The inherent structure of the system is clarified with the definition of extended operators that collect the component disk, spindle, and clamp equations of motion into a compact analytical form. The extended operators are easily identified as the inertia, elastic bending stiffness, gyroscopic, and rotational stiffness operators, and they possess the symmetry and definiteness characteristics that define gyroscopic continua. Consequently, well-known analytical methods for gyroscopic systems are readily applied to disk-spindle systems. Qualitative eigensolution properties, an exact, closed-form response analysis, and the Galerkin discretization that follow naturally from the structured formulation are discussed. A free and forced vibration example is presented.
Facilitated maturation of Ca<sup>2+</sup> handling properties of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes by calsequestrin expression (2009)

Cardiomyocytes (CMs) are nonregenerative. Self-renewable pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can differentiate into CMs for cell-based therapies. We recently reported that Ca 2+ handling, crucial to excitation-contraction coupling of hESC-derived CMs (hESC-CMs), is functional but immature. Such immature properties as smaller cytosolic Ca 2+ transient amplitudes, slower kinetics, and reduced Ca 2+ content of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) can be attributed to the differential developmental expression profiles of specific Ca 2+ handling and regulatory proteins in hESC-CMs and their adult counterparts. In particular, calsequestrin (CSQ), the most abundant, high-capacity but low-affinity, Ca 2+ -binding protein in the SR that is anchored to the ryanodine receptor, is robustly expressed in adult CMs but completely absent in hESC-CMs. Here we hypothesized that gene transfer of CSQ in hESC-CMs suffices to induce functional improvement of SR. Transduction of hESC-CMs by the recombinant adenovirus Ad-CMV-CSQ-IRES-GFP (Ad-CSQ) significantly increased the transient amplitude, upstroke velocity, and transient decay compared with the control Ad-CMV-GFP (Ad-GFP) and Ad-CMV-CSQΔ-IRES-GFP (Ad-CSQΔ, which mediated the expression of a nonfunctional, truncated version of CSQ) groups. Ad-CSQ increased the SR Ca 2+ content but did not alter L-type Ca 2+ current. Pharmacologically, untransduced wild-type, Ad-GFP-, Ad-CSQΔ-, and Ad-CSQ-transduced hESC-CMs behaved similarly. Whereas ryanodine significantly reduced the Ca 2+ transient amplitude and slowed the upstroke, thapsigargin slowed the decay. Neither triadin nor junctin was affected. We conclude that CSQ expression in hESC-CMs facilitates Ca 2+ handling maturation. Our results shed insights into the suitability of hESC-CMs for therapies and as certain heart disease models for drug screening.
Analytical and numerical analysis of phase and amplitude errors in the performance of arrayed waveguide gratings (2002)

The closed expression of the mean power transfer function for an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), taking into account fabrication errors, is presented. Comparison with numerical simulations using a previous Fourier optics modeling show good agreement. The procedure to predict the AWG floor level using the numerical modeling is presented and checked against the analytical derived expressions.
Highly selective recognition of carbenicillin via concerted interactions in 100% aqueous solution (2010)

A fluorescent probe (QA) based on quinine bearing two quaternary ammonium groups and a long hydrophobic chain was synthesized, and it showed highly selective recognition of carbenicillin (a typical beta-lactam antibiotic) in 100% aqueous solution via concerted interactions.
Preparation of 14 C Radiolabelled Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (2013)

Carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)is a kind of cellulose derivative.CMC has wide applications,including food,daily chemicals,pharmaceutical industry and chemical industry,etc.In order to study the metabolism of CMC,the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose was labelled with 14C.The carboxymethyl cellulose was labelled with 14C by treatment with alkalized cellulose and 14C-
Remapping the Insulin Gene/<i>IDDM2</i> Locus in Type 1 Diabetes (2004)

Type 1 diabetes susceptibility at the IDDM2 locus was previously mapped to a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) 5' of the insulin gene (INS). However, the observation of associated markers outside a 4.1-kb interval, previously considered to define the limits of IDDM2 association, raised the possibility that the VNTR association might result from linkage disequilibrium (LD) with an unknown polymorphism. We therefore identified a total of 177 polymorphisms and obtained genotypes for 75 of these in up to 434 pedigrees. We found that, whereas disease susceptibility did map to within the 4.1-kb region, there were two equally likely candidates for the causal variant, -23HphI and +1140A/C, in addition to the VNTR. Further analyses in 2,960 pedigrees did not support the difference in association between VNTR lineages that had previously enabled the exclusion of these two polymorphisms. Therefore, we were unable to rule out -23HphI and +1140A/C having an etiological effect. Our mapping results using robust regression methods show how precisely a variant for a common disease can be mapped, even within a region of strong LD, and specifically that IDDM2 maps to one or more of three common variants in a approximately 2-kb region of chromosome 11p15.
On the influence of the electric field on free transverse vibrations of smart beams (1999)

Free transverse vibrations of smart beams are considered where distributed actuators and sensors are realized by means of piezoelastic layers. Utilizing a variational formulation, the direct piezoelectric effect is incorporated into beam theory via suitable approximations for the axial components of the electric field or the electric displacement, respectively. Influence of shear and rotatory inertia is taken into account in the manner suggested by Timoshenko. It is shown that the correction for electrical coupling leads to effective stiffness parameters. This advantageous behavior is utilized for studying its influence on natural frequencies of smart beams with various boundary conditions.
Collusion-Resistant Multicast Key Distribution Based on Homomorphic One-Way Function Trees (2011)

Providing security services for multicast, such as traffic integrity, authentication, and confidentiality, requires securely distributing a group key to group receivers. In the literature, this problem is called multicast key distribution (MKD). A famous MKD protocol-one-way function tree (OFT)-has been found vulnerable to collusion attacks. Solutions to prevent these attacks have been proposed, but at the cost of a higher communication overhead than the original protocol. In this paper, we prove falsity of a recently-proposed necessary and sufficient condition for a collusion attack on the OFT protocol to exist by a counterexample and give a new necessary and sufficient condition for nonexistence of any type of collusion attack on it. We instantiate the general notion of OFT to obtain a particular type of cryptographic construction named homomorphic one-way function tree (HOFT). We propose two structure-preserving graph operations on HOFTs, tree product and tree blinding. One elegant quality possessed by HOFTs is that handling (adding, removing, or changing) leaf nodes in a HOFT can be achieved by using tree product without compromising its structure. We provide algorithms for handling leaf nodes in a HOFT. Employing HOFTs and related algorithms, we put forward a collusion-resistant MKD protocol without losing any communication efficiency compared to the original OFT protocol. We also prove the security of our MKD protocol in a symbolic security model.
Identification and Cloning of <i>waaF</i> ( <i>rfaF</i> ) from <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> and Use To Generate Mutants of <i>Bordetella</i> spp. with Deep Rough Lipopolysaccharide (1998)

A DNA locus from Bordetella pertussis capable of reconstituting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen biosynthesis in Salmonella typhimurium SL3789 (rfaF511) has been isolated, by using selection with the antibiotic novobiocin. DNA within the locus encodes a protein with amino acid sequence similarity to heptosyltransferase II, encoded by waaF (previously rfaF) in other gram-negative bacteria. Mutation of this gene in B. pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, and Bordetella bronchiseptica by allelic exchange generated bacteria with deep rough LPS phenotypes consistent with the proposed function of the gene as an inner core heptosyltransferase. These are the first LPS mutants generated in B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica and the first deep rough mutants of any of the bordetellae.
The Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 2 (TRPM2) Channel Contributes to β-Amyloid Oligomer-Related Neurotoxicity and Memory Impairment (2015)

Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is an oxidative stress sensing calcium-permeable channel that is thought to contribute to calcium dysregulation associated with neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Here we show that oligomeric β-amyloid, the toxic peptide in Alzheimer's disease, facilitates TRPM2 channel activation. In mice designed to model Alzheimer's disease, genetic elimination of TRPM2 normalized deficits in synaptic markers in aged mice. Moreover, the absence of TRPM2 improved age-dependent spatial memory deficits observed in Alzheimer's mice. Our results reveal the importance of TRPM2 for neuronal toxicity and memory impairments in an Alzheimer's mouse model and suggest that TRPM2 could be targeted for the development of therapeutic agents effective in the treatment of dementia.
Formation of Acetals under Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydroformylation Conditions in Alcohols (2012)

Abstract Hydroformylation of terminal alkenes in alcohol solvents leads to the selective formation of the corresponding acetals. The Xantphos ligand gave the best results as well as acetal selectivities higher than 99% and linear/branched ratios of up to 52 were obtained. The scope of the reaction was studied. Acetals were found to be unreactive under hydroaminomethylation conditions.
A Note on Bit-Parallel Alignment Computation. (2004)

Abstract. The edit distance between strings A and B is defined as the minimum number of edit operations needed in converting A into B or vice versa. Typically the allowed edit operations are one or more of the following: an insertion, a deletion or a substitution of a character, or a transposition between two adjacent characters. Simple edit distance allows the first two operation types, Levenshtein edit distance the first three, and Damerau distance all four. There exist very efficient O(⌈m/w⌉n) bit-parallel algorithms for computing each of these three distances, where m is the length of A, n is the length of B, and w is the computed word size. In this paper we discuss augmenting the bitparallel algorithms to recover an optimal alignment between A and B. Such an alignment depicts how to transform A into B by using ed(A,B) operations, where ed(A,B) is the used edit distance (one of the three mentioned above). Previously Iliopoulos and Pinzon have given such an algorithm for the longest common subsequence, which in effect corresponds to the simple edit distance. We propose a simpler method, which is faster and also more general in that our method can be used with any of the above three distances.
Fluoride-Induced Hierarchical Ordering of Mesoporous Silica in Aqueous Acid-Syntheses (1999)

Hierarchical ordering of mesoporous silica induced by fluoride addition is described for aqueous acid-syntheses. The authors report that small amounts of fluoride make it possible to control the organization of the mesoporous materials on different length scales. At low pH, fluoride addition brings about the formation of large hydrothermally stable silica rods (see Figure) consisting of aligned bundles of mesoporous silica fibers.
Gas-source molecular beam expitaxy of GaInNP/GaAs and a study of its band lineup (2001)

We report gas-source molecular beam epitaxy of high-quality Ga1−xInxNyP1−y/GaAs heterostructures grown on a GaAs (100) substrate. Bulk Ga1−xInxNyP1−y, as well as Ga1−xInxNyP1−y/GaAs, quantum well (QW) samples were grown and characterized by a high-resolution x-ray rocking curve and photoluminescence (PL). With nitrogen incorporation, the PL peak redshifts, indicating band gap reduction. Rapid thermal annealing for 10 s in a 100% N2 ambient with 700 °C temperature improves the Ga0.46In0.54N0.005P0.995PL intensity by a factor of 10 and reduces the linewidth to two fifths. We use both bulk and QW PL experimental data to determine band lineup for Ga1−xInxNyP1−y/GaAs heterostructure. Most of the band reduction is attributed from the conduction band with nitrogen incorporation.
Observation of a Half Step Magnetization in the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mo stretchy="false">{</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>Cu</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo stretchy="false">}</mml:mo></mml:math>-Type Triangular Spin Ring (2006)

We report pulsed field magnetization and ESR experiments on a {Cu3} nanomagnet, where antiferromagnetically coupled Cu(2+) (S = 1/2) ions form a slightly distorted triangle. The remarkable feature is the observation of a half step magnetization, hysteresis loops, and an asymmetric magnetization between a positive and a negative field in a fast sweeping external field. This is attributed to an adiabatic change of magnetization. The energy levels determined by ESR unveil that the different mixing nature of a spin chirality of a total S = 1/2 Kramers doublet by virtue of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions is decisive for inducing half step magnetization.
Laser direct structuring and electroless plating applicable super-engineering plastic PPS based thermal conductive composite with particle surface modification (2018)

Boron nitride (BN) and laser activate particles (LAPs) were surface-modified <i>via</i> base treatment and by using a silane coupling agent in order to confer functionality and enhance the interfacial affinity of these particles for a polymer matrix. The introduction of LAP and BN caused severe deterioration of the mechanical properties of the filler-polymer composite by acting as defects and due to the poor interface with polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), used as the polymeric matrix. As expected, the thermal and mechanical properties were enhanced <i>via</i> surface modification, whereas the tensile strength of the composites with the surface-modified fillers remained lower than that of neat PPS. The BN/LAP binary filler system showed little influence on the mechanical properties of the composite. However, the incorporation of a small amount of LAP into the BN composite produced a slight improvement of the thermal conductivity when the total filler content was maintained. Moreover, LAP leads the metal plating at the laser irradiated surface. Thus, the BN/LAP/PPS composite was used to fabricate a circuit board <i>via</i> laser direct structuring (LDS) and electroless plating for potential light emitting diode (LED) application.
<title>Determining inertial orientation of a spinning body with body-fixed sensors</title> (2000)

A methodology for determining absolute inertial angular orientation of a spinning body is demonstrated utilizing independent angular measurements for two arbitrary body- fixed sensor systems. A particular application is denoted utilizing Army Research Laboratory Solar Likeness Indicating Transducers and magnetoresistive sensors which provide body- fixed, independent angular measurements with regard to their respective local fields. Knowledge of the local field orientations and a coordinate transformation provide the inertial orientation angles, commonly called psi and theta, useful for evaluation and development of advanced flight bodies and as a navigation aid for brilliant munitions. The device is called POINTER: Projectile Orientation In Navigation TERms for a spinning body containing optical and magnetic sensors. Typical sensor data and reduction processes are reviewed and alternative field measurements are discussed.
A manufacturing-oriented environment for synthesis of fabrication processes (2003)

The process design aid (PDA), a design environment which bridges the gap between design and specification of semiconductor fabrication processes, is presented. The PDA uses a hierarchical process model supporting reuse of well-characterized process fragments; integrates design goals with process and simulation data in a single knowledge base; and provides direct support for the numerical optimization of process parameters and simulator calibration parameters. Details of a hierarchical, object-oriented process representation are discussed. Results of modeling a 0.8- mu m BiCMOS process with the PDA are presented, demonstrating automatic generation of consistent simulation and manufacturing specifications, efficient incremental simulation, and fast, interactive, closed-loop optimization of process parameters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Critical subsystem failure mitigation in an indoor UAV testbed (2012)

An autonomous safety mechanism is presented, as implemented in an indoor flying vehicle research testbed. The safety mechanism relies on integration of onboard gyroscope measurements and thrust commands to estimate the vehicle state for short lengths of time. It is used in the case of loss of external control signal or loss of external measurement data, to reduce the likelihood of a vehicle crash, or at least reduce the severity of an unavoidable crash. As UAVs move into ever more mainstream applications with increased public interaction, such safety systems become more critical.
Synthesis of multi-shell nanocrystals by a single step coating process (2006)

We synthesized CdSe/CdS/ZnS core/multi-shell nanocrystals through a single coating step by using different growth rates of CdS and ZnS crystalline layers on CdSe cores. The resulting nanocrystals exhibited a controlled redshift from the initial photoluminescent (PL) emission of CdSe cores with much improved quantum yield (QY above 70%).
A descriptive analysis of a pilot drama project in a forensic psychiatric setting (2010)

This article describes an innovative drama project that took place in a forensic psychiatric unit in Perth, Scotland. The project aimed to engage mentally disordered patients in a meaningful and creative activity. We sought to measure any individual changes in behaviour, self-confidence and self-awareness using questionnaires given to the participating patients and nursing staff. Patients attended weekly drama sessions and devised a performance using their own ideas and improvisations. Six patients participated in the full drama project. They reported that they had enjoyed the project, and that the performance was well received by the audience. Patient and nursing feedback reported improvements in behaviour, interaction with others, self-confidence, self-awareness of feelings and ability to control negative feelings. Most patients hoped to become involved in another similar project. Participation in a creative activity such as drama in this group of participants has found a promising initial outcome that merits further work.
Contactless Breathing Rate Monitoring in Vehicle Using UWB Radar (2018)

Monitoring human vital signs is fundamental to assess a person's general health and detect events such as respiratory distress or heart attacks. As vehicle driving occupies a considerable part of daily lives, monitoring vital signs of a driver is necessary for early detecting potential health issues during driving. However, it is also important to ensure that the driver is neither distracted nor uncomfortable while monitoring. It is thus a challenge to develop contactless and ubiquitous vital sign monitoring. This paper presents contactless breathing rate monitoring for drivers using an impulse ultra-wide band (UWB) radar. We demonstrate that UWB frequency reflects signals from human body and validate a UWB radar for detecting the minute chest movement. Two signal processing methods are designed and evaluated for online and off-line analysis. We investigate 16 different radar positions in a vehicle for robust breathing rate monitoring under the circumstance of body motions during driving. We also perform on-road experiments at a local city and achieve a mean of 1.06 breathing rate estimation error per minute.
Biological Activity of ( – )-Harziano-pyridone Isolated from<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> (1991)

Journal Article Biological Activity of ( – )-Harziano-pyridone Isolated from Trichoderma harzianum Get access Horace G Cutler, Horace G Cutler U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Richard B. Russell Research Center, Athens, Georgia 30613, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John M Jacyno John M Jacyno U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Richard B. Russell Research Center, Athens, Georgia 30613, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 55, Issue 10, 1 October 1991, Pages 2629–2631, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1991.10871026 Published: 01 October 1991 Article history Received: 19 March 1991 Published: 01 October 1991
Investigating a Junction-Based Multipath Source Routing Algorithm for VANETs (2013)

In this letter we introduce a new routing technique designed exclusively for VANETs and present some initial performance results. The algorithm was named Junction-based Multipath Source Routing (JMSR). Its main characteristics comprise the multiple routes towards the destination, the junction-centric logic and the adoption of source routing mechanisms.