gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Joint protocol-channel decoding for robust aggregated packet recovery at wimax MAC layer (2009)

In many communication protocols, small packets are aggregated into larger packets (bursts) at some layer of the protocol stack before being forwarded to the lower layer. Upon reception, the beginning of the burst has to be detected, and it has to be segmented to recover the small packets. Usually, this task is performed by hard decision on the received data. Obviously, if the burst is affected by transmission errors, many packets are likely to be erroneously segmented. Error detection and retransmission are usually employed to solve this problem, reducing the throughput. This paper proposes a robust aggregated packet header recovery mechanism able to significantly reduce the segmentation error. This technique is applied to the IEEE 802.16 PHY layer, where MAC bursts are segmented into MAC packets. The aggregation of MAC packets is modeled as a Markov process. The possible successions of MAC packets forming a burst are described by a trellis. A BCJR-like algorithm then provides a posteriori probabilities of packet boundaries. Simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms the conventional hard decision decoder by more than 8 dB in SNR.
Speech recognition using adaptively boosted classifier (2003)

In this paper, a novel approach for speaker recognition is proposed. The system makes use of adaptive boosting (AdaBoost)and multilayer perceptions (MLP) as classifier for closed set, text-dependent speaker recognition. The performance of the systems is assessed using a subset of 20 speakers, 10 male and 10 female, drawn from the YOHO speaker verification corpus. Results show that improvement in accuracy of recognition can be achieved through adaptive boosting of the classifier.
FastBit: interactively searching massive data (2009)

As scientific instruments and computer simulations produce more and more data, the task of locating the essential information to gain insight becomes increasingly difficult. FastBit is an efficient software tool to address this challenge. In this article, we present a summary of the key underlying technologies, namely bitmap compression, encoding, and binning. Together these techniques enable FastBit to answer structured (SQL) queries orders of magnitude faster than popular database systems. To illustrate how FastBit is used in applications, we present three examples involving a high-energy physics experiment, a combustion simulation, and an accelerator simulation. In each case, FastBit significantly reduces the response time and enables interactive exploration on terabytes of data.
Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity in Relation to Fasting Glucose in Healthy Subjects (2007)

It is concluded that 1) raised fasting glucose (albeit still within normal values) augments baseline and maximal arginine-induced insulin secretion in healthy subjects, and 2) this is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity. This suggests that high, but still normal, fasting glucose may contribute to the augmented insulin secretion in subjects with low insulin sensitivity.
Blueprints for dodecahedral DNA cages (2008)

Cage structures engineered from nucleic acids are of interest in nanotechnology, for example as a means of drug delivery (Destito et al 2007). Until now, most experimentally realized DNA cages have crystallographic symmetry, such as the shape of a cube (Chen and Seeman 1991 Nature 350 631–3), a tetrahedron (Goodman et al 2005 Science 310 1661–5), an octahedron (Shih et al 2004 Nature 427 618–21) or a truncated octahedron (Zhang and Seeman 1994 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116 1661–9). Two examples of cages with non-crystallographic symmetry, a dodecahedron and a buckyball, have been realized recently (He et al 2008 Nature 452 198–201). A characteristic feature of these realizations is the fact that the cages are built from a number of identical building blocks called tiles: 20 for the case of the dodecahedron, and 60 for the case of the buckyball. We derive here a blueprint for the organization of nucleic acid in a dodecahedral cage such that the final product has a minimal number of strands. In particular, we show that a dodecahedral cage can be realized in terms of only two circular DNA molecules. We focus on the dodecahedral cage, because the volume to surface ratio of such a cage is larger than that of its crystallographic counterparts given the same fixed radial distance of the polyhedral vertices from the centre of the structure, whilst still requiring a smaller complexity than the truncated icosahedron (buckyball). We therefore expect that the dodecahedral DNA cages discussed here may be of interest in further applications in nanotechnology.
Optimizing joins in a map-reduce environment (2010)

Implementations of map-reduce are being used to perform many operations on very large data. We examine strategies for joining several relations in the map-reduce environment. Our new approach begins by identifying the "map-key," the set of attributes that identify the Reduce process to which a Map process must send a particular tuple. Each attribute of the map-key gets a "share," which is the number of buckets into which its values are hashed, to form a component of the identifier of a Reduce process. Relations have their tuples replicated in limited fashion, the degree of replication depending on the shares for those map-key attributes that are missing from their schema. We study the problem of optimizing the shares, given a fixed number of Reduce processes. An algorithm for detecting and fixing problems where an attribute is "mistakenly" included in the map-key is given. Then, we consider two important special cases: chain joins and star joins. In each case we are able to determine the map-key and determine the shares that yield the least replication. While the method we propose is not always superior to the conventional way of using map-reduce to implement joins, there are some important cases involving large-scale data where our method wins, including: (1) analytic queries in which a very large fact table is joined with smaller dimension tables, and (2) queries involving paths through graphs with high out-degree, such as the Web or a social network.
Alterations of the TP53 Gene as a Potential Prognostic Marker in Breast Carcinomas (1995)

Reviewing studies of alterations of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene in human breast carcinomas gives cautious optimism about TP53 alterations as a prognostic marker in this disease. For the time being, breast carcinomas should be screened for TP53 alterations at both the protein and gene levels. Improved mutational screening techniques are needed for this purpose. We consider constant denaturant gel electrophoresis, a modification of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, to represent such an improvement. With the recent development of the BioRad D GENE system, constant denaturant gel electrophoresis screening for TP53 mutations can easily be performed on large series of breast carcinomas.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Cytidine Diphosphate 3,6-Dideoxyhexoses (1966)

Abstract The reversible diphosphopyridine nucleotide-dependent 2-epimerization of cytidine diphosphate 3,6-dideoxy-d-glucose (CDP-paratose) and CDP-3,6-dideoxy-d-mannose (CDP-tyvelose) is described, both in a Group D Salmonella (Salmonella enteritidis) and in Pasteurella pseudotuberculosis, Type IV. Tyvelose is, thus, the only 3,6-dideoxyhexose which is synthesized from another member of this class of sugars. Some possible implications in the immunology of Salmonella are discussed.
Experiments on the magnetic field of nerve action potentials (1980)

Records of the magnetic field associated with the propagating action potential in a frog sciatic nerve have been obtained. Peak fields of about 60 picotesla are measured by a system utilizing a SQUID magnetometer, signal averaging, and a novel ferrite-core toroidal transformer. Design considerations for the latter are given and, for example, indicate that it need not have a large number of turns. A method is presented to obtain the net electric current threading the toroid by deconvolution of the magnetometer signal. This routine allows detailed magnetic or current profiles to be obtained of compound neural events.
Short Communication (1996)

A novel purification procedure was developed for pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC, E.C. 1.1.1.4) from the haploid yeast strain YSH 4.127-1A expressing only one (PDC1) of the three structural genes for PDC. The purified enzyme is homotetrameric with a molecular mass of about 240,000 whereas PDC from brewer's yeast is a dimer of dimers composed of subunits of different size (alpha 2 beta 2) with the same molecular mass as the tetramer. Despite these structural variations there are no significant differences in the kinetic behaviour of the two enzyme species. PDC purified from the haploid yeast mutants shows a sigmoid dependence of the reaction rate from the substrate concentration due to the substrate activation. In the presence of the substrate surrogate pyruvamide the shape of the v/S plot is transformed into a hyperbolic one. As expected, polyclonal antibodies react with both the enzyme from haploid yeast strain mutants and that from brewer's yeast.
Finding Vanishing Points via Point Alignments in Image Primal and Dual Domains (2014)

We present a novel method for automatic vanishing point detection based on primal and dual point alignment detection. The very same point alignment detection algorithm is used twice: First in the image domain to group line segment endpoints into more precise lines. Second, it is used in the dual domain where converging lines become aligned points. The use of the recently introduced PClines dual spaces and a robust point alignment detector leads to a very accurate algorithm. Experimental results on two public standard datasets show that our method significantly advances the state-of-the-art in the Manhattan world scenario, while producing state-of-the-art performances in non-Manhattan scenes.
Small animal PET scanner based on monolithic LYSO crystals: Performance evaluation (2012)

The overall performance of our small animal PET is comparable to that obtained with much more complex crystal pixelated PET systems. Moreover, the new proposed PET produces high-quality images suitable for studies with small animals.
Ethylene- and Propylene-Glycol Based Nanofluids: A Litterature Review on Their Thermophysical Properties and Thermal Performances (2018)

Nanofluids are considered a promising way to improve the heat transfer capability of base fluids. Water is the most commonly-used heat transfer fluid. However, in refrigeration systems, it may be necessary to mix water with either ethylene- or propylene-glycol to lower its freezing point and prevent from ice formation. In the same way, for car radiators or industrial heat exchangers, the boiling point of water can be pushed up by mixing it with glycol-based fluids. The increasing awareness of energy saving and industrial energy efficiency improvement results in the growing interest in ethylene- or propylene-glycol-based nanofluids for applications in various thermal systems. The present paper proposes an extensive review of the most recent and relevant experimental and numerical works on the thermophysical properties and performances of ethylene- or propylene-glycol-based nanofluids. Research perspectives are also provided with the long-term objective that these nanofluids be more widely considered in real industrial applications.
Increased Abundance of IncP-1β Plasmids and Mercury Resistance Genes in Mercury-Polluted River Sediments: First Discovery of IncP-1β Plasmids with a Complex <i>mer</i> Transposon as the Sole Accessory Element (2006)

Although it is generally assumed that mobile genetic elements facilitate the adaptation of microbial communities to environmental stresses, environmental data supporting this assumption are rare. In this study, river sediment samples taken from two mercury-polluted (A and B) and two nonpolluted or less-polluted (C and D) areas of the river Nura (Kazakhstan) were analyzed by PCR for the presence and abundance of mercury resistance genes and of broad-host-range plasmids. PCR-based detection revealed that mercury pollution corresponded to an increased abundance of mercury resistance genes and of IncP-1beta replicon-specific sequences detected in total community DNA. The isolation of IncP-1beta plasmids from contaminated sediments was attempted in order to determine whether they carry mercury resistance genes and thus contribute to an adaptation of bacterial populations to Hg pollution. We failed to detect IncP-1beta plasmids in the genomic DNA of the cultured Hg-resistant bacterial isolates. However, without selection for mercury resistance, three different IncP-1beta plasmids (pTP6, pTP7, and pTP8) were captured directly from contaminated sediment slurry in Cupriavidus necator JMP228 based on their ability to mobilize the IncQ plasmid pIE723. These plasmids hybridized with the merRTDeltaP probe and conferred Hg resistance to their host. A broad host range and high stability under conditions of nonselective growth were observed for pTP6 and pTP7. The full sequence of plasmid pTP6 was determined and revealed a backbone almost identical to that of the IncP-1beta plasmids R751 and pB8. However, this is the first example of an IncP-1beta plasmid which had acquired only a mercury resistance transposon but no antibiotic resistance or biodegradation genes. This transposon carries a rather complex set of mer genes and is inserted between Tra1 and Tra2.
Synthesis : carbon with three or four attached heteroatoms (1995)

Trihalides (R.D. Chambers, J. Hutchinson). Functions containing halogens and any other elements (G.B. Jones). Functions containing three chalcogens (and no halogens) (G. Mitchell). Functions containing a chalcogen and any other heteroatoms other than a halogen (M.J. Rice). Functions containing at least one group V element (and no halogen or chalcogen) (D.P.J. Pearson). Functions containing at least one metalloid (Si, Ge, or B) and no halogen, chalogen or group V element also functions containing three metals (V. Ramanenko). Functions containing four halogens, or three halogens and one other heteroatom substituent (A. Senning, A.H. Gouliaev). Functions containing two halogens and two other heteroatom substituents (A. Varvoglis). Functions containing one halogen and three other heteroatom substituents (P. Savignac, A. Marinetti). Functions containing four or three chalcogens and no halogens (A. Senning, A.H. Gouliaev). Functions containing two or one chalcogen (and no halogens) (W. Petz, F. Weller). Functions containing at least one group V element (and no halogen or chalcogen) (Ph. Savignac, D. Carmichal, A. Marinetti). Functions containing at least one metalloid (Si,Ge or B) and no halogen, chalcogen or group V element also functions containing four metals (P.D. Lickiss). Functions containing a carbonyl group and at least one halogen (G.E. Gymer, S. Narayanaswami). Functions containing a carbonyl group and at least One chalcogen (but no halogen) (H. Eckert). Functions containing a carbonyl group and two heteroatoms other than a halogen or chalcogen (A.F. Hegarty). Functions containing a thiocarbonyl group and at least Oone halogen also at least one chalcogen and no halogen (K. Pihlaja, E. Kleinpeter). Functions containing a thiocarbonyl group bearing two heteroatoms other than a halogen or chalcogen (J. Barluenga). Functions containing a selenocarbonyl or tellurocarbonyl group (F.S. Guziec Jr, L.J. Guziec). Functions containing an iminocarbonyl group and at least one halogen also one chalcogen and no halogen (T.L. Gilchrist). Functions containing an iminocarbonyl group and any elements other than a halogen or chalcogen (I.A. Cliffe). Functions containing doubly bonded P, As, Sb, Bi, Ge, B or a metal (V.D. Romanenko, M. Sanchez, L. Lamande). Tricoordinated stabilized cations and radicals, +CXYZ and *CXYZ (T.L. Gilchrist).
Direct Mechanochemical Formation of Metal Nanoparticles on Carbon Nanotubes (2009)

Silver nanoparticles of small average diameter (<5 nm) and rather narrow size distribution rapidly formed on the surfaces of carbon nanotubes in a simple mechanochemical process in which silver acetate was ball-milled with the nanotubes for only a few minutes. The outcome was achieved in the absence of any solvent, any additional reducing agents, or applied electrical current. This simple method was found to be readily applicable to not only carbon nanotubes of various diameters, but also other carbon and noncarbon substrates that are thermally conductive. Different organic metal salts (e.g., gold and palladium acetates and platinum acetylacetonate) were also successfully applied in similar procedures to obtain the corresponding metal−nanotube nanohybrids. The reported mechanochemical process for the preparation of metal nanoparticle-decorated carbon nanotubes is rapid, versatile, and potentially scalable, making it useful for further exploitation in a variety of applications.
Development of a Biological Ventricular Assist Device (2007)

Pouch-like EHTs can be generated with structural and functional properties of native myocardium. Implantation studies demonstrated their applicability as cardiac muscle grafts, setting the stage for an evaluation of EHT-pouches as biological ventricular assist devices in vivo.
Comparison of hydrocarbon-and lactam-bridged cyclic peptides as dimerization inhibitors of Leishmania infantum trypanothione reductase (2015)

Helical peptides stabilized<italic>via</italic>all-hydrocarbon or lactam side-chain bridging were investigated as disruptors of<italic>Leishmania infantum</italic>trypanothione reductase.
LABORATORY TESTING OF RADIANT GAS BURNERS AND ELECTRIC INFRARED EMITTERS (1998)

A project focusing on industrial infrared technology was carried out at Hydro-Québec's LTEE laboratory [1], The project required the optimization and use of a special test facility. Seven electric emitters and seven radiant gas burners typically used in the textile and pulp and paper industries were evaluated. Three types of experiments were carried out, providing four types of information: radiant flux maps, radiant efficiency evaluation, transient behavior characterization, and spectral emission characterization. The apparatus and the experimental procedures are described. Results are discussed and are presented in the form of tables and graphs. As the procedure and instruments used within each test were identical, this work furnishes rigorous data and objective information on both electric and gas IR technologies.
Electron beam and ion beam fabricated microwave switch (1970)

A combination of electron beam and ion beam techniques were used in conjunction with conventional planar technology to fabricate a junction field-effect microwave switch. A digital tape-controlled scanning electron beam was used to expose mask patterns in polymethyl methacrylate resist whose line widths (≤1 um) are inaccessible to conventional photolithography; ion beam sputtering was used to remove a thin gold undercoat from within the exposed patterns, thereby maintaining the good edge resolution; and ion implantation was used to dope the closely spaced interdigitated source and drain regions thus exposed by the preceding process steps in the gold contact mask.
Context-Aware Fault Localization via Control Flow Analysis (2011)

Coverage-based fault localization techniques are effective to support program debugging. However, these techniques assess the suspiciousness of program entities individually. Such calculation oversimplifies executions and cannot reflect execution contexts. In this paper, we use control flow paths to analyze the execution context, quantify edge profiles to assess how each block contributes to failures and propose the context-aware fault localization approach FP. We use the edge profile to represent the passed and failed executions, calculate the coverage statistics and edge suspiciousness scores, and then by contrasting edge suspiciousness scores of blocks covered by a failed execution, we propose fault proneness to evaluate how each block contributes to the failure. At last, we take the sum of fault proneness as the suspiciousness to assess the probability of containing faults. We construct controlled experiments to compare our technique with a representative technique. The findings are as follows. 1) the FP technique performs well in locating faults if the infected state propagation is complex, 2) but when the fault is easy to locate, the FP technique may be overly complicated, 3) the integration of the two techniques are more effective than any of them.
Clicker - An IPTV Remote Control in Your Cell Phone (2007)

This paper investigates a novel concept of providing seamless control and portability of an IPTV viewing session. A solution employing a middleware system, a secure hardware token and a cell phone are used to demonstrate how an IPTV session can be securely controlled remotely and moved between multiple viewing stations. We have built a prototype of the system and demonstrated its flexible features. Depending on the user's protocol of choice, most remote control operations from a mobile device took less than 5 seconds to execute. An interesting capability of previewing content of other channels via the user's device while still continuing to watch the program on the viewing station differentiates it from today's IPTV offers. Finally for mobile content delivery, we address the problem of dynamic device profile selection and content adaptation using a classification algorithm to match the best content alternative destined for a mobile.
Chemical Fixation of Carbon DioxideMethods for Recycling CO2 into Useful Products (1993)

Chemical Fixation of Carbon Dioxide presents new concepts and results from research into the problems caused by increasing levels of carbon dioxide. The book discusses the limitations of natural plant photosynthesis as a sink for carbon dioxide and emphasizes chemical fixation as an important alternative. A number of significant topics are covered, including new coupling reactions for producing compounds such as carbamates, urethanes, and heterocyclic structures; new catalyst systems, particularly for methanation and methanol synthesis; the use of homogeneous solution photosensitizers and heterogeneous semiconductor photocatalysts to photoreduce carbon dioxide with visible light and sunlight; and electrochemical reduction. This book will be a useful reference for organic chemists working on environmental problems, chemical engineers, environmental chemists, professionals at research facilities, and students.
The Hybrid Diffuser (1980)

A vortex controlled diffuser has recently been reported (1), which attained high levels of pressure recovery within a short length. This diffuser has, however, achieved only a limited application because of its bleed-off requirements. The present work indicates a means by which this disadvantage can be overcome by using a hybrid arrangement of conventional and vortex controlled diffusers. The outcome was an efficient diffuser, half the length of the equivalent conical diffuser, and which would operate satisfactorily without either bleed-off or vanes projecting into the flow.