gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A randomized, double-blind phase II trial of exemestane plus MM-121 (a monoclonal antibody targeting ErbB3) or placebo in postmenopausal women with locally advanced or metastatic ER+/PR+, HER2-negative breast cancer. (2014)

587 Background: Ligand-driven ErbB3 signaling has been implicated as a mechanism of resistance to conventional therapies across multiple malignancies, including endocrine resistant metastatic breast cancer (mBC). Here we present results of a trial evaluating MM-121 (M) or placebo (P) in combination with exemestane in postmenopausal women with ER/PR+ HER2-negative mBC. Methods: This study enrolled women with locally advanced or mBC who had failed adjuvant therapy or progressed in the metastatic setting. The primary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS) and the study was powered to detect a HR of < 0.5. Secondary and exploratory analyses included overall survival (OS), safety, and analyses of a pre-specified set of mechanistically-linked biomarkers ((BM), heregulin, betacellulin, EGFR, ErbB2, and ErbB3) in archived tissues. Results: 115 randomized and treated patients (56 (M), 59 (P)) were included in safety and efficacy analyses. Baseline demographics and disease characteristics were balanced. At the time of the analysis, 92 (80%) patients (78.6% (M), 81.4% (P)) had discontinued treatment, mainly due to progressive disease (66.1% (M), 76.3% (P)). PFS was analyzed after 84 events (38 (M), 46 (P)). The median PFS was 15.9 weeks (M) vs. 10.7 weeks (P), with a stratified hazard ratio (HR) of 0.772 (95% CI [0.496- 1.201]), p=0.249). OS data were immature at the time of the primary analysis (29 events: 11 (M), 18 (P)), with a stratified HR of 0.436 (95% CI [0.197 – 0.966]). In patients positive for two of the pre-specified BMs (31%: 17 of the 55 patients with BM data), the HR for PFS was 0.32 (95% CI [0.10-1.00]). Common adverse events (AEs, >20%) of any grade and causality (M vs. P), were diarrhea (50% vs. 23.7%), nausea (28.6% vs. 23.7%), fatigue (23.2 % vs. 23.7%), and arthralgia (17.9% vs. 20.3%). Conclusions: The addition of MM-121 to exemestane did not significantly prolong PFS in the unselected population, although the HR appears to favor the MM-121 arm. The biomarker findings were consistent with preclinical hypotheses, as well as an independently conducted Phase 2 study in platinum resistant ovarian cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT01151046.
Very-low-threshold photonic band-edge lasers from free-standing triangular photonic crystal slabs (2002)

Photonic band-edge lasers are realized in the free-standing triangular photonic crystal slab with InGaAsP quantum wells at 80 K. Surface-emitting lasing actions are observed from the samples whose wavelengths correspond to the second or the third photonic band edge near the Γ point of the band structure, which is confirmed by the three-dimensional finite-different time-domain calculation. A very low threshold of 35 μW (incident pump power) is achieved from the laser operating near the third transverse-electric-mode band edge. This low threshold is benefited from low optical losses near the Γ point as well as reduced surface recombination carrier losses and enhanced material gain at low temperature. It is interesting to note that this two-dimensional distributed feedback lasing action is observed from a surprisingly small pump area of 6 μm in diameter.
ChemInform Abstract: LITHIUM INSERTION IN ANATASE: A NEW ROUTE TO THE SPINEL LITI2O4 (1983)

Abstract Li läßt sich topotaktisch in Anatas einbauen (Umsetzung von TiO 2 mit n‐BuLi)und zwar bis zum maximalen Li/Ti‐Verhältnis von 0.7.
Expression of CPEB, GAPDH and U6snRNA in cervical and ovarian tissue during cancer development (2009)

Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) and expression of the proteins E6 and E7 is a prerequisite for development of cervical cancer. The distal non-coding part of E6/E7 messengers from several HPV types is able to downregulate synthesis of a reporter gene through mechanisms with involvement of cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements (CPEs) in the messengers. We here show that the mRNA levels of one of the four known CPE-binding proteins (CPEBs), the CPEB3, were downregulated in HPV-positive cervical cancers, whereas in ovarian cancer the CPEB1 mRNA level was downregulated. In addition, we showed that the RNA levels of the widely used reference marker GAPDH were upregulated in both cancer forms, and the level of the reference marker U6snRNA was upregulated in cervical cancers. Moreover, a possible correlation between the degree of U6snRNA upregulation and cervical cancer propagation was shown. These changes observed in CPEB1 and CPEB3 might indicate regulatory functions of CPEBs in cancer development of HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumors, respectively, and the U6snRNA, GAPDH mRNA and CPEB1 mRNA levels may be useful as tumor markers for genital cancers although further investigations are needed.
Laboratory evaluation of selected disinfectants as virucidal agents against porcine parvovirus, pseudorabies virus, and transmissible gastroenteritis virus. (1981)

Of a variety of disinfectants evaluated, only sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide inactivated porcine parvovirus (PPV) after a 5-minute incubation period. After the same incubation time, pseudorabies and transmissible gastroenteritis viruses were inactivated by all of the disinfectants tested. When the incubation time was increased to 20 minutes, 2% glutaraldehyde and a double-strength concentration of a commercial formaldehyde preparation also inactivated PPV. Formaldehyde vapor and ultraviolet radiations inactivated PPV also, but relatively long exposure times were required.
Uridine Transport and Metabolism in the Central Nervous System (1985)

The mechanisms by which uridine enters and leaves brain, choroid plexus, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were investigated in the isolated choroid plexus in vitro and by injecting [3H]uridine intravenously and intraventricularly. Consistent with its postulated role in transporting uridine from blood into CSF, the isolated rabbit choroid plexus concentrated uridine with 10 microM uridine in the medium. [3H]Uridine, with and without unlabeled uridine, was infused at a constant rate into conscious adult rabbits. At 180 min, [3H]uridine entered CSF, choroid plexus, and brain more rapidly than mannitol. In brain, approximately 60-80% of the nonvolatile radioactivity was [3H]uridine phosphates. The addition of 2.1 mmol/kg of unlabeled uridine to the infusion syringe decreased the relative entry of [3H]uridine into brain by approximately 75% due mainly to the decreased formation of [3H]uridine phosphates and increased formation of [3H]uracil. Two hours after the intraventricular injection of [3H]uridine, [3H]uridine was cleared from CSF more rapidly than mannitol, in part to brain, where approximately 75% of the [3H]uridine was converted to [3H]uridine phosphates. The intraventricular injection of 42 mumol unlabeled uridine with the [3H]uridine decreased the phosphorylation of [3H]uridine in brain significantly and also decreased the clearance of [3H]uridine from the CSF. From blood, uridine enters CSF and the extracellular space of brain. Uridine then can enter brain cells, be phosphorylated to uridine phosphates, and subsequently incorporated into RNA or be catabolized to uracil.
Comment (1980)

There is one respect in which American democracy differs from both the British and French versions : it has no mass social democratic party. The story is long and complicated, but sufficiently well known so that facile generalizations may be avoided. There was a strong socialist movement in America in the early 20th century ; and at one point it might have succeeded in creating a mass party. But the Democratic party under Woodrow-Wilson captured its social base ; the trade union leaders decided their interests could be better served through the existing system. Has American democracy suffered as a result ? Is there a pressing need for a Labor party — such as the one now led by James Callaghan (to say nothing of Anthony Benn) ; or a Socialist party — like the PS led by Guy Mollet in the past, or the one being torn apart by personality rivalries today ? That would be a difficult case to prove. And what is social democracy anyway ? European socialist parties have abandoned nationalization, and for compelling reasons (let us not bother to explain French exceptionalism). Nor is the recent discovery or invention of autogestion likely to win mass support in America. Autogestion is a vague, undefinable scheme that admittedly does not now exist, and has never existed, anywhere in the world. Samuel Gompers had some choice remarks to make about similar utopian proposals in his day.
Chemotherapeutic Response of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Xenografts (Subcutaneous and Subrenal Capsule Assay) (1987)

Chemotherapeutic response of two squamous cell carcinoma xenograft lines (established from the primary and metastatic lesion of a tongue carcinoma) was studied using SC and SRC assays (as well as immunocompetent and -suppressed recipients in the latter assay). The two assays provided similar ranking of drugs, in the sense that in each instances two of the three (cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, vinblastine) most active agents were identical. The host response in immunocompetent recipients supports the need for histology to prove the proper quality of the implanted tumor tissue in order to be used for drug evaluation.
Synthesis of the bicyclo[4.3.1]decan-10-one system by cycloalkylation of specific cyclohexanone enolates with reactive 1,4-dichlorides (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of the bicyclo[4.3.1]decan-10-one system by cycloalkylation of specific cyclohexanone enolates with reactive 1,4-dichloridesJan Froborg, Goran Magnusson, and Svante ThorenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 6, 848–849Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00920a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00920a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views117Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A single low dose of rasburicase for treatment of hyperuricemia in patients with malignant diseases (2006)

Hyperuricemia is a major feature of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in patients with hematololoic malignancies. Because of high tumor burden or pre-existing renal dysfunction, a conventional approach with hydration, alkalinization, and allopurinol may not be sufficient to lower uric acid levels rapidly. Rasburicase, a recombinant urate oxidase enzyme, converts uric acid to soluble allantoin reducing the risk of renal events. The approved dose is 0.15-0.2 mg/kg/d for 3-7 days. The cost is $255/mg corresponding to approximately $15,000/5day for an average adult. Having had success with variable lower doses and frequency in a small number of patients (Trifilio et al, ASH 2004), we treated patients with fixed single doses of the drug with close monitoring of biochemical parameters. Patients received hydration and allopurinoal as well. Records of 51 patients treated with single-dose rasburicase were reviewed with IRB approval. The rasburicase dose used was 3 mg (n = 44), 4.5 mg (n = 3), or 6 mg (n = 4). The mean baseline uric acid for the 3 mg group was 10.2 and serum creatinine was 2.9, and for the combined 4.5/6 mg group, 13 and 2.7. After a single 3 mg dose, mean uric acid and creatine fell to 5.7 (44% decline) and 2.7 (7% decline) at 24 hours and 4.0 (61% decline) and 2.5 (14% decline) at 48 hours, respectively. Uric acid levels were in the normal range (≤8) in 91% of patients at 24 hours and in all at 48 hours. After a single 4.5/6 mg dose, uric acid and creatinine fell to 8.8 (32% decline) and 2.3 (15% decline) at 24 hours and 4.8 (63% decline) and 2.2 (19% decline) at 48 hours, respectively. Uric acid levels were within the normal range at 48 hours in all 7 patients. Importantly, uric acid levels at 24 hours were within the normal range in 46 of 47 patients with baseline uric acid ≤15. All 51 patients, including those with baseline uric acid >15, achieved nomral levels within 48 hours. A week after rasburicase, all 51 patients had maintained uric acid levels ≤8, and had experienced improvement in creatine to 2.0. No additional renal dysfunction developed in any patient, and no patient required hemodialysis (myeloma patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing HSCT continued hemodialysis). We conclude that a single low dose of rasburicase is effective in lowering elevated serum uric acid levels to normal with preservation of renal function. Significant cost savings with this approach (94-97% cost reduction) should reduce the reluctance to use rasburicase in patients with elevated uric acid levels.
Development of new non‐invasive tests for colorectal cancer screening: The relevance of information on adenoma detection (2014)

Researchers are actively pursuing the development of a new non-invasive test (NIT) for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening as an alternative to fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs). The majority of pilot studies focus on the detection of invasive CRC rather than precursor lesions (i.e., adenomas). We aimed to explore the relevance of adenoma detection for the viability of an NIT for CRC screening by considering a hypothetical test that does not detect adenomas beyond chance. We used the Simulation Model of Colorectal Cancer (SimCRC) to estimate the effectiveness of CRC screening and the lifetime costs (payers' perspective) for a cohort of US 50-years-old persons to whom CRC screening is offered from age 50-75. We compared annual screening with guaiac and immunochemical FOBTs (with sensitivities up to 70 and 24% for CRC and adenomas, respectively) to annual screening with a hypothetical NIT (sensitivity of 90% for CRC, no detection of adenomas beyond chance, specificity and cost similar to FOBTs). Screening with the NIT was not more effective, but was 29-44% more costly than screening with FOBTs. The findings were robust to varying the screening interval, the NIT's sensitivity for CRC, adherence rates favoring the NIT, and the NIT's unit cost. A comparative modelling approach using a model that assumes a shorter adenoma dwell time (MISCAN-COLON) confirmed the superiority of the immunochemical FOBT over an NIT with no ability to detect adenomas. Information on adenoma detection is crucial to determine whether a new NIT is a viable alternative to FOBTs for CRC screening. Current evidence thus lacks an important piece of information to identify marker candidates that hold real promise and deserve further (large-scale) evaluation.
PIPELINE DEFECT PREDICTION USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES (2009)

Oil and gas pipeline condition monitoring is a potentially challenging process due to varying temperature conditions, harshness of the flowing commodity and unpredictable terrains.Pipeline breakdown can potentially cost millions of dollars worth of loss, not to mention the serious environmental damage caused by the leaking commodity.The proposed techniques, although implemented on a lab scale experimental rig, ultimately aim at providing a continuous monitoring system using an array of different sensors strategically positioned on the surface of the pipeline.The sensors used are piezoelectric ultrasonic sensors.The raw sensor signal will be first processed using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) as a feature extractor and then classified using the powerful learning machine called the support vector machine (SVM).Preliminary tests show that the sensors can detect the presence of wall thinning in a steel pipe by classifying the attenuation and frequency changes of the propagating lamb waves.The SVM algorithm was able to classify the signals as abnormal in the presence of wall thinning.
Mastering risk, volume 2: applications (2001)

Developing the concepts of risk management discussed in the first volume in this set, Mastering Risk Volume 2: Applications examines the application of some of the most important recent research into financial products to the risk management of financial institutions. Building on the discussion of risk management concepts in the first volume, it provides a comprehensive overview of how to put market, credit and operational risk controls into practice. As with the first volume, the contributors are risk experts; leading academic specialists and practitioners in the day-to-day environment of risk management. They provide a balanced analysis of risk management applications including: - Monte Carlo methods for Value-at-Risk - The orthogonal GARCH model for generating large covariance matrices - The valuation of equity options using strike-adjusted spread - Models of portfolio credit risk, and of default correlation in bond portfolios - Techniques for measuring and managing operational risk - The management of model risk. Mastering Risk Volume 2: Applications gathers an impressive cast of 17 contributors, including Mark Davis (Imperial College), Emanuel Derman (Goldman Sachs), Paul Glasserman (University of Columbia Graduate School), Michael Gordy (Federal Reserve Board of Governors), John Hull and Alan White (University of Toronto), Dilip Madan (University of Maryland) and Riccardo Rebonato (Group Head of Market Risk, Royal Bank of Scotland Group). Mastering Risk Volume 2: Applications takes a detailed look at the theory of risk management and illustrates how to apply the concepts to your business, supported by recent examples and short case studies. It is an invaluable follow-on from the first volume and an equally comprehensive source in its own right. Mastering Risk Volume 2: Applications has been produced in association with the ISMA Centre, The Business School for Financial Markets at the University of Reading, UK
Effects of Cr on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of WCoB Base Hard Alloys. (1993)

Effects of Cr on the mechanical properties and phase formation of WCoB base alloys were studied using the model alloys whose compositions were Co-1.93mass%B-33.3mass%W-(0-20)mass%Cr. The new alloys consist of a WCoB type ternary boride as a hard phase and a cobalt base binder alloyed with Cr, W and other elements, both of which are formed by reaction boronizing sintering.The transverse rupture strength (TRS) of the alloys depended strongly on the microstructure, which varied significantly with Cr content. The highest TRS of 2.85GPa obtained at 15mass%Cr was attributed to the refinement and good distribution of WCoB boride. Moreover, the TRS of the alloy with 15mass%Cr still kept a value of about 1.8GPa at 1173K. The weight gain of the alloy oxidized in air at 1173K was less than that of SKD11 and close to that of SUS304.Corrosion resistance of the alloys in a non-oxidizing 10mass% HCl solution was better than those of a PM high speed steel, stainless steels such as JIS SUS 405, 440C, 316L and 304 and a tool steel JIS SKD11, and close to that of Hastelloy C. On the other hand, in an oxidizing 10mass% HNO3 solution the alloys showed better corrosion resistance than a cemented carbide of WC-10mass%Co, a PM high speed steel and SKD11, and were almost same as stainless steels and Hastelloy C.
Diamond Tool Generation of Toroidal Surfaces (1971)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text D. Malacara and J. Z. Malacara, "Diamond Tool Generation of Toroidal Surfaces," Appl. Opt. 10, 975-977 (1971) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Sample and Filter: Nonparametric Scene Parsing via Efficient Filtering (2016)

Scene parsing has attracted a lot of attention in computer vision. While parametric models have proven effective for this task, they cannot easily incorporate new training data. By contrast, nonparametric approaches, which bypass any learning phase and directly transfer the labels from the training data to the query images, can readily exploit new labeled samples as they become available. Unfortunately, because of the computational cost of their label transfer procedures, state-of-the-art nonparametric methods typically filter out most training images to only keep a few relevant ones to label the query. As such, these methods throw away many images that still contain valuable information and generally obtain an unbalanced set of labeled samples. In this paper, we introduce a nonparametric approach to scene parsing that follows a sample-andfilter strategy. More specifically, we propose to sample labeled superpixels according to an image similarity score, which allows us to obtain a balanced set of samples. We then formulate label transfer as an efficient filtering procedure, which lets us exploit more labeled samples than existing techniques. Our experiments evidence the benefits of our approach over state-of-the-art nonparametric methods on two benchmark datasets.
Bioequivalence of compound gossypol acetic acid tablets in healthy Chinese female volunteers (2007)

Objective:To establish a novel HPLC-MS method for the determination of gossypol and to investigate the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of the compound gossypol acetic acid tablets in healthy Chinese female volunteers.Methods: A randomized two-way crossover design was conducted in 20 volunteers.Each subject was randomized to receive two kinds of compound gossypol acetic acid tablets.The plasma concentration was determined by HPLC-MS method,and the pharmacokinetic parameters of gossypol were calculated.Results: The obtained pharmacokinetic parameters of gossypol after oral administration of test and reference formulations were as follows: t1/2 were(77.9±8.9)and(79.6±7.2)h;Tmax were(5.0±1.5)and(5.6±1.3)h;Cmax were(0.79±0.40)and(0.77±0.39)μg·mL-1;AUC0~192 were(14.0±6.4)and(13.4±5.8)μg·h·mL-1,respectively.The relative bioavailability of gossypol was(104.0±15.2)%.Conclusion: The assay was sensitive,accurate and simple.The two formulations of the compound gossypol acetic acid tablets are bioequivalent.