gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hardware prefetching in bus-based multiprocessors: pattern characterization and cost-effective hardware (2001)

Data prefetching has been widely studied as a technique to hide memory access latency in multiprocessors. Most recent research on hardware prefetching focuses either on uniprocessors, or on distributed shared memory (DSM) and other non bus-based organizations. However, in the context of bus-based SMPs, prefetching poses a number of problems related to the lack of scalability and limited bus bandwidth of these modest-sized machines. This paper considers how the number of processors and the memory access patterns in the program influence the relative performance of sequential and non-sequential prefetching mechanisms in a bus-based SMP. We compare the performance of four inexpensive hardware prefetching techniques, varying the number of processors. After a breakdown of the results based on a performance model, we propose a cost-effective hardware prefetching solution for implementing on such modest-sized multiprocessors.
Speech-to-face movement synthesis based on HMMS (2002)

The paper describes a talking face generation system with natural and communicative reality. If face movements are synthesized well enough for natural communication, a lot of benefits will be brought for the human-machine communication. We have already proposed a speech driven HMM-based lip movement synthesis, and also shown that the quality is drastically improved by considering succeeding visemes. The paper describes extension of our system to full face movement generation, and proposes a method considering both of preceding and succeeding viseme contexts. The experiments show the proposed method generates natural and accurate talking faces from audio speech inputs.
Proportional control of a solenoid actuator (2002)

Solenoids are nonlinear actuating devices normally used in a switching mode. This paper proposes a dual rate cascade control for converting a switching solenoid into a proportional actuator. A fast inner loop current controller and a slower PID outer loop trajectory controller are employed, A simple static nonlinear map is used to partially linearise the system. This method results in a proportional actuator which is effective and practical.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Plaque assay of Sendai virus in monolayers of a clonal line of porcine kidney cells (1976)

The MN strain of Sendai virus formed distinct plaques in monolayers of PS-Y15 cells, an established porcine kidney cell line. The plaque-forming ability was neutralized by specific antibody to the virus. A linear relationship was found between the concentration of virus and the number of plaques. The sensitivity of this assay was about equal to that of the in ovo titration. When applied to the serum neutralization test, the end points obtained were comparable to those of the hemagglutination-inhibition and complement-fixation tests.
Oxygen‐Enhanced Biodegradation of Phenoxy Acids in Ground Water at Contaminated Sites (2005)

The effects of adding oxygen to anaerobic aquifer materials on biodegradation of phenoxy acid herbicides were studied by laboratory experiments with aquifer material from two contaminated sites (a former agricultural machinery service and an old landfill). At both sites, the primary pollutants were phenoxy acids and related chlorophenols. It was found that addition of oxygen enhanced degradation of the six original phenoxy acids and six original chlorophenols. Inverse modeling on 14C 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxypropanoic acid (MCPP) degradation curves revealed that increasing the oxygen concentrations from <0.3 mg/L up to 7 to 8 mg/L shortened the lag phases (from approximately 150 d to 5 to 25 d) and increased first-order degradation rate constants by 1 order of magnitude (from approximately 5 x 10(-2) d(-1) to up to 30 x 10(-2) d(-1)). Additionally, the degree of MCPP mineralization was increased (30% to 50% mineralized at low oxygen concentrations and 50% to 70% mineralized at high oxygen concentrations, based on 14CO2 recovery). These positive effects on degradation were observed even at relatively low oxygen concentrations (2 mg/L). Furthermore, effects related to the addition of oxygen on the general geochemistry were studied. An oxygen consumption of 2.2 to 2.6 mg O2/g dw was observed due to oxidation of solid organic matter and, to some extent (0.5% to 11% of the total oxygen consumption), water-soluble compounds such as Fe2+, dissolved Mn, nonvolatile organic carbon, and NH4+. Overall, the results suggest that stimulated biodegradation by addition of oxygen might be a feasible remediation technology at herbicide-contaminated sites, although oxygen consumption by the sediment could limit the applicability.
Efficient seed utilization for reseeding based compression [logic testing] (2003)

The conventional LFSR reseeding technique for test data compression generates one test pattern from each LFSR seed. The seed size is determined by the maximum number of specified bits in a test pattern belonging to a given test set. However, for most practical designs the majority of test patterns have significantly fewer specified bits compared to the maximum. This limits the amount of compression that can be achieved with conventional reseeding. This paper presents a new reseeding technique that overcomes this problem by generating a single test pattern from multiple seeds and multiple test patterns from a single seed. The new reseeding technique is applied to two industrial designs, resulting in significant reduction in tester memory requirement and test application time compared to the conventional reseeding technique.
Development of InGaAs solar cells for &#x003E;44% efficient transfer-printed multi-junctions (2014)

Transfer-printing is a key enabling technology for the realization of ultra-high-efficiency, mechanically stacked II–IV solar cells with low cost. In this work, we describe the development of InGaAs solar cells, designed to harvest long wavelength photons when stacked in tandem with a high efficiency InGaP/GaAs/InGaAsNSb triple junction solar cell. High performance InGaAs solar cells, grown on InP by MOCVD, were achieved through a combination of detailed modeling, material development and device characterization. The transfer printing apparatus of Semprius Inc. was used to create a four-terminal device with an uncertified conversion efficiency of 44.1% at 690 suns.
Antibody and antibody derivatives as cancer therapeutics (2019)

Antibodies are an important class of therapeutic for treating a wide range of diseases. These versatile macromolecules can be engineered to target many different antigens and to utilize several mechanisms of action to produce a pharmacological effect. The most common antibody platform used for therapeutics is immunoglobulin G (IgG). Advances in protein-display and genetic engineering have enabled the construction and manipulation of IgG to enhance desired activity such as increasing antigen affinity, modulating pharmacokinetics, and enhancing effector functions. IgGs can also be altered to suppress undesired effects, such as immunogenicity. The main approaches to control IgG behavior include engineering the protein sequence and glycosylation of intact IgG; constructing IgG-based derivatives, including bispecific and multivalent binders; and fusing small-drug molecules or proteins to IgG-derived scaffolds. Often, a single modification applied to a given IgG can alter more than one property. The desired effects of an antibody therapeutic should be carefully tailored to the physiology and characteristics of each disease condition. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Peptide-Based Structures.
ChemInform Abstract: AMIDES AND THIOAMIDES OF SQUARIC ACID‐ SYNTHESES AND REACTIONS (1977)

Abstract Synthesen für Quadratsäure‐l ,2‐diamide wie (V) ( ;z.B. aus den Komponenten (I) und (II)‐(IV)) und von Quadratsäure‐1,3‐diamiden (VIII) (aus (I) und den Aminen (VII)) bzw. (X) (durch Umamidierung bekannter Diamide wie (IX)) werden beschrieben . Verbindung (Vc) ist auch aus Quadratsäure mit (IV) zugänglich, analog wird das Derivat (VI) gewonnen.
Deflection Distortions Contributed by the Principal Field of a Ring Deflection Yoke (1958)

To achieve a more detailed understanding of the factors contributing to deflective distortions, an analysis was made of a simple ring deflection yoke. This type of yoke was selected because its magnetic field can be described by an infinite series whose first term is of principal significance. A practical ring yoke can be wound (with a simple sinusoidal winding distribution) which will establish a magnetic field described completely by this first term. Additional windings can also be added which produce fields corresponding to any of the subsequent terms of the series. This permits a detailed study of the effects of the winding distribution function upon the deflection distortions. Fortunately, these higher order fields are all zero on the yoke axis and are always negligible in the study of small angle deflections.
Switching spectroscopy piezoresponse force microscopy of ferroelectric materials (2006)

The application of ferroelectric materials for electronic devices necessitates the quantitative study of local switching behavior, including imprint, coercive bias, remanent and saturation responses, and work of switching. Here we introduce switching spectroscopy piezoresponse force microscopy as a tool for real-space imaging of switching properties on the nanoscale. The hysteresis curves, acquired at each point in the image, are analyzed in the thermodynamic and kinetic limits. We expect that this approach will further understanding of the relationships between material microstructure and polarization switching phenomena on the nanoscale, and provide a quantitative tool for ferroelectric-based device characterization.
A space-efficient technique for recording versions of data (1988)

This paper describes a space-efficient technique for recording successive differences between versions of data. The technique is based on the combined use of differential files and change area b-trees. The strengths of the technique are that a branching tree of versions can be accommodated; any data item in any version can be accessed with approximately equal access time; and very large volumes of data can be accommodated. The paper also describes the use of this technique to support very long transactions in the SDS2 software development system. Here the technique is used in an optimistic concurrency control scheme.
Bovine Serum Albumin Adsorption onto Colloidal Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Particles:  A New Model Based on Zeta Potential and UV−Vis Measurements (2004)

We investigated the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on colloidal Al2O3 particles in an aqueous environment. Changes in the zeta potential of the Al2O3 particles upon the adsorption of BSA were measured using an electro-acoustic technique. The mass of protein adsorbed was determined by using UV-vis spectroscopy. The change of the isoelectric point of the Al2O3 powder-protein suspension was found to be a function of adsorbed protein mass. It was shown that approximately one monolayer of BSA was needed to fully mask the surface and to compromise the charge of Al2O3. From titration experiments it follows that about 30-36% of the negatively charged groups of the protein form bonds with the protonated and charged Al2O3 surface. On the basis of our observations we introduced a new adsorption model for BSA on Al2O3 particles.
Random, deterministic, and hybrid algorithms for distributed beamforming (2010)

Distributed beamforming is a form of cooperation among nodes in a wireless network to efficiently deliver a common message to a distant receiver. The critical requirement to achieve electromagnetic coherence is to synchronize the initial phases of all local oscillators, introducing minimal overhead and complexity. In the paper we introduce random, deterministic and hybrid algorithms, all based on feedback from the common receiver as the driving force, but with different phase update strategies. Our numerical results show that these algorithms achieve faster convergence time than previously proposed approaches.
999. Potential antimalarial derivatives of triaza-anthracene (1957)

D. M. Besly and A. A. Goldberg, J. Chem. Soc., 1957, 4997 DOI: 10.1039/JR9570004997
Fluorinated Ketene Dithioacetals;1. Preparation and Application to the Synthesis of α-Trifluoromethylthiocarboxylic<i>S</i>-Esters and Aldehyde Derivatives (1992)

α-Trifluoromethylketene dithioacetals 3 were synthesized by Peterson reaction from trifluoromethyl ketones 1 and trimethylsilyl dithioacetals 2. Acid hydrolysis and reduction yielded α-trifluoromethylthiocarboxylic S-esters 4 and α-trifluoromethyl dithioacetals 5, respectively. Transacetalisation of the latter with ethanol gave the corresponding diethyl acetal. New procedures were developed to effect reduction and transacetalisation.
Solid‐state <sup>1</sup>H → <sup>19</sup>F/<sup>19</sup>F → <sup>1</sup>H CP/MAS NMR study of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (2001)

Abstract Solid‐state 1 H → 19 F and 19 F → 1 H cross‐polarization magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) NMR spectra have been investigated for a semicrystalline fluoropolymer, namely poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). The 1 H → 19 F CP/MAS spectra can be fitted by five Lorentzian functions, and the amorphous peaks were selectively observed by the DIVAM CP pulse sequences. Solid‐state spin‐lock experiments showed significant differences in T 1ρ F and T 1ρ H between the crystalline and amorphous domains, and the effective time constants, T HF * and T 1ρ *, which were estimated from the 1 H → 19 F CP curves, also clarify the difference in the strengths of dipolar interactions. Heteronuclear dipolar oscillation behaviour is observed in both standard CP and 1 H → 19 F inversion recovery CP (IRCP) experiments. The inverse 19 F → 1 H CP‐MAS and 1 H → 19 F CP‐drain MAS experiments gave complementary information to the standard 1 H → 19 F CP/MAS spectra in a manner reported in our previous papers for other fluoropolymers. The value of N F / N H (where N is a spin density) estimated from the CP‐drain curve is within experimental error equal to unity, which is consistent with the chemical structure. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Probióticos e prebióticos na atenção primária ao câncer de cólon (2010)

Through this literature review, it was possible to achieve positive answers as regards the use of probiotics and prebiotics in carcinogenesis, which can be adequately recommended.
Lorentz-STEM imaging of Fields and Domains using a High-Speed, High-Dynamic Range Pixel Array Detector at Atomic Resolution (2015)

Renewed interest in Lorentz microscopy of materials has accompanied the arrival of differential phase contrast imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy (DPC-STEM). Utilizing an annular quadrant detector, small shifts related to the presence of electric or magnetic fields of the scattered beam are inferred from the difference in signal between the vertical or horizontal segments [1, However, once the beam profile is not a top hat function [3], determination of spot shifts remains difficult quantitatively. DPC is also exquisitely sensitive to small changes in crystal tilt The challenge for quantitative Lorentz-STEM, like holography [5], is to accurately decouple the deflections resulting from crystallographic orientation, local atomic potentials, and the long-range electromagnetic fields.
Fluorescence turn-on detection of a protein through the displaced single-stranded DNA bindingprotein binding to a molecular beacon (2011)

A new approach has been developed for the highly sensitive and selective sensing of a protein. Lysozyme binding to its aptamer prevents SSB protein binding, and the subsequent binding of the free SSB protein to a molecular beacon results in a turn-on fluorescence signal, which can be used for lysozyme quantification.
[Discovery of a new splicing type of KCHIP1 gene]. (2005)

The present study aimed to find the mutations of KCHIP1 gene in breast cancer. KCHIP1 cDNA samples from 12 specimens of breast cancer and 12 specimens of normal mammary tissues were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and directly sequenced to detect mutation. No mutation of KCHIP1 gene was found in these samples; while a new splicing type of KCHIP1 gene was found, which has an insert (162 bp) between exon 1 and exon 2 in KCHIP1 gene (AY780424).
Many Microbe Microarrays Database: uniformly normalized Affymetrix compendia with structured experimental metadata (2007)

Many Microbe Microarrays Database (M3D) is designed to facilitate the analysis and visualization of expression data in compendia compiled from multiple laboratories. M3D contains over a thousand Affymetrix microarrays for Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Shewanella oneidensis. The expression data is uniformly normalized to make the data generated by different laboratories and researchers more comparable. To facilitate computational analyses, M3D provides raw data (CEL file) and normalized data downloads of each compendium. In addition, web-based construction, visualization and download of custom datasets are provided to facilitate efficient interrogation of the compendium for more focused analyses. The experimental condition metadata in M3D is human curated with each chemical and growth attribute stored as a structured and computable set of experimental features with consistent naming conventions and units. All versions of the normalized compendia constructed for each species are maintained and accessible in perpetuity to facilitate the future interpretation and comparison of results published on M3D data. M3D is accessible at http://m3d.bu.edu/.
Microwave Monitoring of Moisture Content in Grain - Further Considerations (1988)

Variations and fluctuations of the bulk density of grain have been recognized as a major factor limiting the accuracy of moisture content measurements by dielectric methods. Experimental results of attenuation and phase shift measurements as a function of moisture content and density at 9.4 GHz for six kinds of grain are presented , and technical means to eliminate or limit the density effect are discussed.
Statistical Profile Generation of Real-time UAV-based Traffic Data (2008)

Small unmanned vehicles are used to provide the eye-in-the-sky alternative to monitoring and regulating traffic dynamically. Spatial-temporal visual data are collected in real-time and they are used to generate traffic-related statistical profiles, serving as inputs to traffic simulation models. Generated profiles, which are continuously updated, are used to calibrate traffic model parameters, to obtain more accurate and reliable simulation models, and for model modifications. This method overcomes limitations of existing traffic simulation models, which suffer from outdated data, poorly calibrated parameters, questionable accuracy and poor predictions of traffic patterns.
Effect of beta‐carotene supplementation on the human sunburn reaction (1995)

Beta-carotene, a quencher of excited species such as singlet oxygen and free radicals, has been reported to protect against cutaneous photodamage, including sunburn acutely and photocarcinogenesis chronically. The present double blind placebo-controlled study examines the effect of beta-carotene supplementation on the human sunburn response and specifically on the induction of sunburn cells at the time of peak reaction intensity (24 h) after a single solar simulated light exposure 3 times the individually determined minimal erythema dose (MED). Administered orally either as a single 120 mg dose to dietarily restricted subjects or for 23 d as a daily 90 mg supplement to subjects on standard diets, beta-carotene increased plasma and skin levels of beta-carotene compared to both pretreatment levels and placebo-treated controls, but provided no clinically or histologically detectable protection against a 3 MED sunburn reaction. Thus, these data suggest that oral beta-carotene supplementation is unlikely to modify the severity of cutaneous photodamage in normal individuals to a clinically meaningful degree.
Secure crypto-biometric system for cloud computing (2011)

Cloud computing has achieved maturity, and there is a heterogeneous group of providers and cloud-based services. However, significant attention remains focused on security concerns. In many cases, security and privacy issues are a significant barrier to user acceptance of cloud computing systems and the advantages these offer with respect to previous systems. Biometric technologies are becoming the key aspect of a wide range of secure identification and personal verification solutions, but in a cloud computing environment they present some problems related to the management of biometric data, due to privacy regulations and the need to trust cloud providers. To overcome those problems in this paper, we propose a cryptobiometric system applied to cloud computing in which no private biometric data are exposed.
Shotgun Proteomics Identifies Protein Biomarkers Specific for Acute Renal Transplant Rejection (2009)

Background Proteomics can help in biomarker discovery for different diseases. Since, acute rejection (AR) remains the primary risk factor for the renal transplant outcome; development of non‐invasive biomarkers for AR diagnosis is important. Materials and Method: We analyzed 82 urine samples that included patients with biopsy proven AR and stable grafts (STA), nonspecific proteinuria (NS), and healthy controls (HC). The samples were fractionated and processed by LC‐MS. Protein‐level spectral counts were obtained by which were used to get quantitative information. ELISA assays on UMOD, pigment epithelium‐derived factor (PEDF) and CD44 were performed to verify the trueness of the discovery. Results A total of 1446 unique urinary proteins were identified including 22 AR specific proteins a number of which were involved in antigen presentation and complement system pathways. We performed ELISA assay on UMOD, PEDF and CD44 on an independent set of urine samples and demonstrated that the observation from LCMS experiment was true and these proteins can serve as potential biomarkers to discriminate AR urine from STA, NS and HC. Conclusion A number of potentially AR specific biomarkers were identified. The validation of these potential biomarkers will offer a clinically applicable, non‐invasive urinary diagnostic assay for AR.
High Mortality Associated with an Outbreak of Hepatitis E among Displaced Persons in Darfur, Sudan (2006)

This large epidemic of HEV infection illustrates the dramatic impact of this disease on pregnant women. Timely interventions and a vaccine are urgently needed to prevent mortality in this special group.