gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protocol-less bridges for local area networks (1991)

The protocol-less bridge technique for interconnecting LANs is designed to provide all of the desirable bridge functions, including traffic load sharing, without the restrictions of bridge protocols and source routeing. In this respect, the scheme does not require any formal communication between bridges, nor does it demand modifications to existing LAN standards. Local traffic filtering, multiple route elimination, frame loss and hardware implementation are discussed.
Measurements and evaluation of the image noise power spectrum for computed radiography (2008)

Digital radiography has gained popularity in many areas of clinical practice. With this transition has come interest in advancing methodologies for image quality characterization. Modulation transfer function (MTF), noise power spectrum (NPS), and detective quantum efficiency (DQE) are widely accepted measurements of system performance. The NPS is one of the most common metrics describing the noise amplitude and texture observed in images obtained with a uniform field of radiation. Yet the comparability of the results is compromised by the different measurement parameters and evaluation methods. Because of the variety of methods used, it is difficult to compare previously published NPS results using different methodologies. In this paper, the following factors were evaluated for their effect on the measured NPS using the international electro-technical commission (IEC 62220-1)-defined RQA5 (additional Filter 21 mmAl, 72 kVp) radiographic techniques: impact of different exposure levels or radiation qualities, impact of the region of interest (ROI) and sub-ROI size, directional dependence, impact of overlapping versus non-overlapping sub-ROI size, and positional dependence for establishing the ROI. The results of Agfa CR (computed radiography, Toshiba, E8239X generator with Agfa CR 25 Corp.) showed that the shape of the normalized noise power spectrum (NNPS) curves decreased gradually as spatial frequency was increased. The various processing factors used in this study were found to have relatively little influence on the measured NPS. Our results suggest that the various processing factors could be used for computing the NPS with confidence. The results of this study could be used as a baseline to standardize the NPS processing by measuring NPS for different methodologies.
Starch hydrolysis for ethanol production (1980)

The enzymatic production of glucose from starch for conversion by yeast into ethanol is discussed. The contribution of enzyme cost in producing ethanol is calculated. (DMC)
Convergence properties of simulated annealing for continuous global optimization (1996)

In this paper conditions for the convergence of a class of simulated annealing algorithms for continuous global optimization are given. The previous literature about the subject gives results for the convergence of algorithms in which the next candidate point is generated according to a probability distribution whose support is the whole feasible set. A class of possible cooling schedules has been introduced in order to remove this restriction.
Current Products and Practices (2004)

Part I of this paper describes the background, general concepts, available techniques and the clinical applications of recording external craniofacial morphology in three dimensions. Part II explores the different 3D techniques of imaging the dental arches, and their possible uses in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment.
Micro-operation cache (2001)

Article Share on Micro-operation cache: a power aware frontend for the variable instruction length ISA Authors: Baruch Solomon Intel Corporation, Intel Israel (74) Ltd., P.O. Box 1659, Haifa 31015, Israel Intel Corporation, Intel Israel (74) Ltd., P.O. Box 1659, Haifa 31015, IsraelView Profile , Avi Mendelson Intel Corporation, Intel Israel (74) Ltd., P.O. Box 1659, Haifa 31015, Israel Intel Corporation, Intel Israel (74) Ltd., P.O. Box 1659, Haifa 31015, IsraelView Profile , Doron Orenstein Intel Corporation, Intel Israel (74) Ltd., P.O. Box 1659, Haifa 31015, Israel Intel Corporation, Intel Israel (74) Ltd., P.O. Box 1659, Haifa 31015, IsraelView Profile , Yoav Almog Intel Corporation, Intel Israel (74) Ltd., P.O. Box 1659, Haifa 31015, Israel Intel Corporation, Intel Israel (74) Ltd., P.O. Box 1659, Haifa 31015, IsraelView Profile , Ronny Ronen Intel Corporation, Intel Israel (74) Ltd., P.O. Box 1659, Haifa 31015, Israel Intel Corporation, Intel Israel (74) Ltd., P.O. Box 1659, Haifa 31015, IsraelView Profile Authors Info & Claims ISLPED '01: Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and designAugust 2001 Pages 4–9https://doi.org/10.1145/383082.383085Published:06 August 2001Publication History 22citation475DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations22Total Downloads475Last 12 Months85Last 6 weeks22 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
압출성형공법을 이용한 비지의 처리 및 중간소재식품화 (1995)

Biji is the by-product from Tofu making, and has been previously used as a food ingredient or animal feed. Recently Biji is oaken dried to extend storage stability by using hot air. A research objective is to develop a extrusion-cooking technique to apply dehydration of Biji. Water in Biji was removed 10 to 20%, density was decreased, soluble dietary fiber content was increased by extruding pretreated Biji. Extruded Biji can be used as dietary fiber source in food products.
Nanotube Foam Prepared by Gelatin Gel as a Template (2005)

It has been known that simply mixing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in an aqueous solution of gelatin disperses SWCNTs well for a period of months. Gels made from the gelatin-SWCNT mixture are also stable and have a clear, black color. Scanning electron microscopy shows that gelatin molecules self-organize into a foamlike structure. All SWCNTs are embedded in the gelatin film that makes up the foam walls. Those SWCNTs belonging to one face of the foam cell cannot approach other faces to make van der Waals contact. Thus, the foam structure is associated with stabilization of the SWCNT dispersion. The gelatin can be removed thermally while maintaining the foam structure to give a sponge made of nanotube foams. This highly porous solid is electrically conducting and mechanically stable and can be used as a structural frame for composite materials.
Adiabatic Nitration for Mononitrotoluene (MNT) Production (2013)

Adiabatic nitration has revolutionized mononitrobenzene (MNB) production, but has not similarly impacted the production of other nitro-aromatics. The issues related to changing to adiabatic nitration are discussed by comparing the nitration of toluene versus benzene using literature data and adiabatic stirred reactor nitration tests. The topics discussed include nitration rates, isomer distribution, and by-product formation. The homogeneous chemical reaction rate for the nitration of toluene is faster than benzene, but the overall rate for interphase mass transport and reaction is found to be fairly similar. The MNT isomer distribution is found to be a function of sulfuric acid strength, temperature, and nitric acid strength. The easier oxidation of toluene versus benzene results in a greatly increased number of oxidation by-products. This presents analytical difficulties in quantifying total by-products. Deeply colored, oxidized by-products can also accumulate in the recycled spent acid producing so called “black acid”. However, once understood, the issues related to implementing adiabatic MNT production appear manageable.
THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF TRAUMATIC INJURIES OF THE DIAPHRAGM INCLUDING THE USE OF MARLEX PROSTHESES (1966)

WALDIHAUSEN, J. A. M.D.; KILMAN, J. W. M.D.; HELMAN, C. H. M.D.; BATTERSBY, J. S. M.D. Author Information
A software programmable CMOS telephone circuit (1991)

A mixed analog-digital IC combining the speech and signaling functions of an analog telephone is described. The realization in a standard 2- mu m CMOS process offers the possibility of integrating complex digital functions, such as dual-tone multifrequency (DTMF) generation, in combination with many digital programmable analog circuits . Novel features, such as digital programmable level control, DC characteristics, frequency response, input impedance, and sidetone path, are implemented. These attributes offer a flexible solution for the different international requirements, with only a few external components. Software control of analog and digital functions and the high degree of integration enable telephone manufacturers to produce a quality feature phone with a minimum of components, and therefore with high reliability and low cost.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bifidobacterium and enteral feeding in preterm infants: Cluster‐randomized trial (2014)

B. bifidum in VLBW infants accelerated the establishment of enteral feeding after birth without increasing the incidence of adverse effects.
Kinetic Resolution of Propargylic Alcohols Catalyzed by Benzotetramisole (2006)

[reaction: see text] Kinetic resolution of variously substituted secondary propargylic alcohols catalyzed by benzotetramisole (BTM) proceeds with selectivity factors up to 32, the highest ever achieved with nonenzymatic catalysts for this class of substrates.
Radiolabeled cyclic RGD peptides as radiotracers for tumor imaging (2016)

The integrin family comprises 24 transmembrane receptors, each a heterodimeric combination of one of 18α and one of 8β subunits. Their main function is to integrate the cell adhesion and interaction with the extracellular microenvironment with the intracellular signaling and cytoskeletal rearrangement through transmitting signals across the cell membrane upon ligand binding. Integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> is a receptor for the extracellular matrix proteins containing arginine-glycine-aspartic (RGD) tripeptide sequence. The α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> is generally expressed in low levels on the epithelial cells and mature endothelial cells, but it is highly expressed in many solid tumors. The α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> levels correlate well with the potential for tumor metastasis and aggressiveness, which make it an important biological target for development of antiangiogenic drugs, and molecular imaging probes for early tumor diagnosis. Over the last decade, many radiolabeled cyclic RGD peptides have been evaluated as radiotracers for imaging tumors by SPECT or PET. Even though they are called "α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub>-targeted" radiotracers, the radiolabeled cyclic RGD peptides are also able to bind α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>5</sub>, α<sub>5</sub>β<sub>1</sub>, α<sub>6</sub>β<sub>4</sub>, α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>1</sub>, and α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>6</sub> integrins, which may help enhance their tumor uptake due to the "increased receptor population." This article will use the multimeric cyclic RGD peptides as examples to illustrate basic principles for development of integrin-targeted radiotracers and focus on different approaches to maximize their tumor uptake and <i>T</i>/<i>B</i> ratios. It will also discuss important assays for pre-clinical evaluations of the integrin-targeted radiotracers, and their potential applications as molecular imaging tools for noninvasive monitoring of tumor metastasis and early detection of the tumor response to antiangiogenic therapy.
Early reliability assessment of UML based software models (2002)

The ability to validate software systems early in the development lifecycle is becoming crucial. While early validation of functional requirements is supported by well known approaches, the validation of non-functional requirements, such as reliability, is not. Early assessment of non-functional requirements can be facilitated by automated transformation of software models into (mathematical) notations suitable for validation. These type of validation approaches are usually as "transparent" to the developers as possible. Consequently, most software developers find them user friendly and easy to adopt.In this paper we introduce a methodology that starts with the analysis of the UML model of software architecture followed by the bayesian framework for reliability prediction. We utilize three different types of UML diagrams: Use Case, Sequence and Deployment diagrams. They are annotated with reliability related attributes. Unlike traditional reliability growth models, which are applicable late in the lifecycle, our approach bases system reliability prediction on component and connector failure rates. In mature development environments, these may be available as the result of reuse. Throughout the lifecycle, as the developers improve their understanding of failure rates and their operational usage, system reliability prediction becomes more precise. We demonstrate the approach through a case study based on a simple web-based transaction processing system.
Harold Carter and Sandra Wheatley, Merthyr Tydfil in 1851. A Study of the Spatial Structure of a Welsh Industrial Town. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1982. xii + 127 pp. 6 plates. 37 figures. 16 tables. £5.00. (1984)

Harold Carter and Sandra Wheatley, Merthyr Tydfil in 1851. A Study of the Spatial Structure of a Welsh Industrial Town. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1982. xii + 127 pp. 6 plates. 37 figures. 16 tables. £5.00. - Volume 11
Polymer‐Free Near‐Infrared Photovoltaics with Single Chirality (6,5) Semiconducting Carbon Nanotube Active Layers (2012)

We demonstrate a polymer-free carbon-based photovoltaic device that relies on exciton dissociation at the SWNT/C(60) interface, as shown in the figure. Through the construction of a carbon-based photovoltaic completely free of polymeric active or transport layers, we show both the feasibility of this novel device as well as inform the mechanisms for inefficiencies in SWNTs and carbon based solar cells.
Interleukin-3 and bryostatin-1 mediate hyperphosphorylation of BCL2 alpha in association with suppression of apoptosis. (1994)

Using murine myeloid factor-dependent FDC-P1/ER cells, we demonstrate that the hematopoietic growth factors interleukin-3 and erythropoietin and bryostatin-1, a macrocyclic lactone natural product and potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC), suppress apoptosis and induce the rapid serine phosphorylation of Bc12 alpha. Expression of recombinant wild type Bc12 alpha in NFS/N1.H-7 cells confirms that murine Bc12 alpha is phosphorylated following PKC activation. The PKC inhibitors H-7 and staurosporine, but not the protein kinase A inhibitor HA1004, block not only interleukin-3- and bryostatin-1-induced hyperphosphorylation of Bc12 alpha but also their anti-apoptotic effect on growth factor-dependent cells, suggesting a role for activated PKC in both processes. A potential direct role for a classic isoform of PKC is indicated by the Ca(2+)-dependent nature of phosphorylation of Bc12 alpha mediated by purified PKC in vitro. Comparative phosphopeptide maps confirm that Bc12 alpha phosphorylation occurs on identical serine site(s) whether phosphorylation occurs in cells following agonist treatment or directly by PKC in vitro. These findings strongly support a role for activated PKC in growth factor-induced Bc12 alpha phosphorylation as well as suppression of apoptosis.
Human Intestinal Enteroids: a New Model To Study Human Rotavirus Infection, Host Restriction, and Pathophysiology (2015)

Our research establishes HIEs as nontransformed cell culture models to understand human intestinal physiology and pathophysiology and the epithelial response, including host restriction of gastrointestinal infections such as HRV infection. HRVs remain a major worldwide cause of diarrhea-associated morbidity and mortality in children ≤5 years of age. Current in vitro models of rotavirus infection rely primarily on the use of animal rotaviruses because HRV growth is limited in most transformed cell lines and animal models. We demonstrate that HIEs are novel, cellularly diverse, and physiologically relevant epithelial cell cultures that recapitulate in vivo properties of HRV infection. HIEs will allow the study of HRV biology, including human host-pathogen and live, attenuated vaccine interactions; host and cell type restriction; virus-induced fluid secretion; cell-cell communication within the epithelium; and the epithelial response to infection in cultures from genetically diverse individuals. Finally, drug therapies to prevent/treat diarrheal disease can be tested in these physiologically active cultures.
Probing Tat Peptide−TAR RNA Interactions by Psoralen Photo-Cross-Linking (2001)

Replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires specific interactions of Tat protein with the trans-activation responsive region (TAR) RNA, a 59-base stem-loop structure located at the 5'-end of all HIV mRNAs. We have used a site-specific cross-linking method based on psoralen photochemistry to determine the effect of core residues from the Tat sequence on the protein orientation in the Tat-TAR complex and on the specificity of Tat-TAR binding. We synthesized two Tat fragments, Tat(42-72) and Tat(37-72), and incorporated a psoralen-modified amino acid at position 41 during solid-phase assembly of the peptides. We used these psoralen-Tat conjugates to form specific complexes with TAR RNA. Upon near-ultraviolet irradiation (360 nm), psoralen-Asp41-Tat(37-72) cross-linked to a single site in the TAR RNA sequence. The RNA-protein complex was purified and the cross-link site on TAR RNA was determined by primer extension analysis, which revealed that Asp41 of Tat is close to U42 of the lower stem region of TAR RNA. Specificity of the RNA-peptide cross-linking reactions was determined by competition experiments. Our results show that the addition of only four residues (Cys37-Thr40) from the Tat core region significantly enhanced the specificity of the Tat peptide-TAR interactions without altering the site or chemical nature of the cross-link. These studies provide new insights into RNA-protein recognition that could be useful in designing peptidomimetics for RNA targeting. Such psoralen-peptide conjugates provide a new class of probes for sequence-specific protein-nucleic acid interactions and could be used to selectively control gene expression or to induce site-directed mutations.
Input-specific dynamic power optimization for VLSI circuits (2006)

Literature proposes linear programming (LP) methods for glitch-less design of digital circuits. Considering the worst-case these methods ensure absence of glitches for any arbitrary state of primary input as well as internal signals. In this paper, we examine an unexplored aspect, i.e., glitch-free design with respect to a specific set of vectors (patterns). Introducing the logic-level concepts of glitch-generation patterns and glitch-generation probability, which are analyzable through logic simulation, we remove glitch filtering requirements from gates on which the given set of input vectors cannot produce glitches. We relax constraints of any existing LP either selectively or probabilistically. Such input-specific design from an LP model without process variation and another with process variation reduced the number of delay buffer overhead by up to 80% and 63%, respectively, while maintaining the power reduction and overall delay.
A Straightforward Synthesisof Enantiopure 2,6-Disubstituted Morpholines by a RegioselectiveO-Protection/Activation Protocol (2008)

Enantiopure 2,6-disubstituted morpholines have been synthesized through the ring opening of chiral, nonracemic oxiranes with nitrogen nucleophiles, under solid-liquid phase-transfer catalysis (SL-PTC) conditions. The β-hydroxytosyl amides resulting from the ring opening of a first epoxide with TsNH2 was used as nucleophile, after protection of the hydroxyl group, in the reaction with a second oxirane. The morpholine skeleton has been generated through standard functional group chemistry, followed by cyclization of the intermediate β-hydroxy-β′-tosyloxy-tosylamides carried out under SL-PTC conditions. N-Tosyl morpholines produced can be employed as building blocks in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and as chiral tools.
Field‐induced Colour Change of Liquid Crystalline Dyes (1979)

Abstract Planar oriented nematic layers and also partially oriented smectic C phases of certain diphenyl‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine compounds due to their positive dielectric anisotropy can be oriented by an electric field (Freedericksz‐transition). The orientation is connected with a distinct change of absorption respectively colour. The mechanism of the effect is discussed. For both liquid crystalline phases the response times and decay times were measured.
RESIDUAL STRESSES INDUCED BY LASER-SHOCKS (1991)

When irradiating a metallic target with a short and intense laser pulse, a high pressure plasma is produced on the surface. An elastic-plastic wave is, then, propagating in the target, creating plastic strains. As a result, a residual stress field is induced. In this paper, by mean of a very simple model, we evaluate the laser produced plasma pressure. The analysis of the resulting wave propagation allows us to compute the plastic strain field. Using these results, we express analytically the induced surface residual stress and the plastically affected depth. We show how this work allows the optimization of the use of laser-shocks as a fatigue surface treatment and an example of application is presented.
A simple VCG system with temporal dimension, directional reference and display of component loops (1982)

A vectorcardiogram (VCG) represents the cardiac electrical activity as continuous vector loops in three mutually perpendicular planes, namely frontal, transverse and sagittal. This technical note describes a simple system developed to record VCG with an ordinary x-y oscilloscope and simple camera. Facilities exist for recording VCG with temporal dimension, directional reference and display of specific component loops of a cardiac cycle. The system is in use for recording VCG at rest and during stress tests involving exercise and hypoxia at simulated altitude. Its performance has been found satisfactory and the system highly reliable.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclopenta(b)indoles. Part 1. Synthesis of Cyclopenta(b)indoles by Formal (3 + 2) Addition of Indolylmethyl Cations to Alkenes. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.