gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Arabidopsis CYP735A1 and CYP735A2 Encode Cytokinin Hydroxylases That Catalyze the Biosynthesis of trans-Zeatin (2004)

Cytokinins (CKs), a group of phytohormones, are adenine derivatives that carry either an isoprene-derived or an aromatic side chain at the N(6) terminus. trans-Zeatin (tZ), an isoprenoid CK, is assumed to play a central physiological role because of its general occurrence and high activity in bioassays. Although hydroxylation of isopentenyladenine-type CKs is a key step of tZ biosynthesis, the catalyzing enzyme has not been characterized yet. Here we demonstrate that CYP735A1 and CYP735A2 are cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) that catalyze the biosynthesis of tZ. We identified the genes from Arabidopsis using an adenosine phosphate-isopentenyltransferase (AtIPT4)/P450 co-expression system in yeast. Co-expression of AtIPT4 and CYP735A enabled yeast to excrete tZ and the nucleosides to the culture medium. In vitro, both CYP735As preferentially utilized isopentenyladenine nucleotides rather than the nucleoside and free base forms and produced tZ nucleotides but not the cis-isomer. The expression of CYP735A1 and CYP735A2 was differentially regulated in terms of organ specificity and response to CK. Root-specific induction of CYP735A2 expression by CK suggests that the trans-hydroxylation is involved in the regulation of CK metabolism and signaling in roots.
Numerical Methods for modeling Photonic-Crystal VCSELs (2010)

We show comparison of four different numerical methods for simulating Photonic-Crystal (PC) VCSELs. We present the theoretical basis behind each method and analyze the differences by studying a benchmark VCSEL structure, where the PC structure penetrates all VCSEL layers, the entire top-mirror DBR, a fraction of the top-mirror DBR or just the VCSEL cavity. The different models are evaluated by comparing the predicted resonance wavelengths and threshold gains for different hole diameters and pitches of the PC. The agreement between the models is relatively good, except for one model, which corresponds to the effective index method. The simulation results elucidate the strength and weaknesses of the analyzed methods; and outline the limits of applicability of the different models.
Physicochemical properties of peanut flour as affected by proteolysis (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhysicochemical properties of peanut flour as affected by proteolysisLarry R. Beuchat, John P. Cherry, and Michael R. QuinnCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1975, 23, 4, 616–620Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60200a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60200a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views534Altmetric-Citations106LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Control of emulsion polymerization reactors (1994)

Abstract The interest in emulsion polymerization is strong because it offers the possibility of producing products with special properties not easily produced by other types of polymerization processes. Because the main reaction medium is water, not an organic solvent, its importance is steadily increasing with efforts to design environmentally benign processes. The control of emulsion polymerization is a challenging problem due to major limitations encountered in its modeling and on‐line monitoring. Although emulsion polymerization has been studied and used for several decades, progress has been slow. Industrial practice relies heavily on experience while several controversial issues are still being studied. The literature related to this issue is vast and sometimes contradictory, and most deals with experimental investigation of specific emulsion polymerization systems to improve the process understanding and develop a process model. However, universally accepted conclusions are scarce. This article reviews the major issues related to control of emulsion polymerization. The latest contributions in process understanding, mathematical modeling, sensor technology, and process control techniques for emulsion polymerization are discussed. Emphasis is on contributions, which are important in resolving the control of emulsion polymerization processes.
Dynamics of the output of heavily Tm-doped double-clad silica fiber lasers (1999)

The relaxation oscillations that are present in the output of a high-power free-running diode-pumped Tm-doped silica fiber laser are characterized and modeled. The laser operates on the 3H4→3H6 quasi-three-level transition and operates efficiently from ∼1.9 to ∼2.0 µm. From the measurements of the 3F4→3H4 fluorescence after 1.98-µm pumping of a separate, heavily Tm-doped silica fiber, it is established that the 3H4, 3H4→3H6, 3F4 upconversion process is significant in heavily Tm-doped silica fibers. This process causes the saturable absorption that is indicated by the presence of the relaxation oscillations. A detailed theoretical model that describes the ion-pair dynamics relevant to the Tm-doped silica system is presented. Equations for the steady-state intracavity photon density and for the steady-state population densities of the isolated and paired ions are derived. A linear stability analysis and numerical analysis are also carried out. It is established that, for large emission-to-absorption cross-section ratios that are relevant to Tm-doped silica and for pump rates for which stable output is predicted, the oscillations are weakly damped before the steady state is reached. Best agreement between the experimental and model results is achieved when all the Tm3+ ions within the present fiber are considered paired.
Workload decomposition for particle simulation applications on hierarchical distributed-shared memory parallel systems with integration of HPF and OpenMP (2001)

A crucial issue in programming hierarchical distributed-shared memory systems is the workload decomposition. In this paper we address this issue in the framework of porting typical particle in cell (PIC) applications on hierarchical distributed-shared memory parallel systems. The workload decomposition we have devised consists in a two-stage procedure: a higher-level decomposition among the computational nodes, and a lower-level one among the processors of each computational node. We have implemented the described work decomposition without large programming effort by using and integrating the high-level languages High Performance Fortran and OpenMP.
Toxoplasma gondii Recombinant Antigens as Tools for Serodiagnosis of Human Toxoplasmosis: Current Status of Studies (2013)

Toxoplasma gondii is a parasitic protozoan which is the cause of toxoplasmosis. Although human toxoplasmosis in healthy adults is usually asymptomatic, serious disease can occur in the case of congenital infections and immunocompromised individuals. Furthermore, despite the exact recognition of its etiology, it still presents a diagnostic problem. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is mainly based on the results of serological tests detecting anti-T. gondii-specific antibodies in the patient's serum sample. The specificities and sensitivities of serology tests depend mostly on the diagnostic antigen(s) used. Most of the commercial serological kits currently available are based on Toxoplasma lysate antigens (TLAs). In recent years, many studies showed that recombinant antigenic proteins of T. gondii may be an alternative source of antigens which are very useful for the serodiagnosis of toxoplasmosis. This article presents a review of current studies on the application and usefulness of different T. gondii recombinant antigens in serological tests for the diagnosis of human toxoplasmosis.
Gas-desulfurization plant handles wide range of sour gas compositions (1991)

The Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij B.V. (NAM) gas desulfurization facilities at Emmen treat a natural gas feed containing H{sub 2}S, CO{sub 2}, and mercaptans, to tight pipeline specifications. This paper reports on the highly selective Sulfinol-M solvent which enables the plant to treat natural gases with a CO{sub 2}/H{sub 2}S ratio as high as 25:1, while producing an acid- gas feed suitable for a conventional Claus unit. To help meet the stringent environmental regulations, an integrated Shell Claus off-gas treating (SCOT) unit achieves an overall sulfur recovery of better than 99.8%.
Direct circuit simulation algorithms for parallel processing (VLSI) (1991)

The improvement in computational throughput of VLSI circuit simulation is addressed. A high degree of natural parallelism exists in the circuit simulation problem; potentially a large number of processor can be used efficiently. Three distinct approaches for obtaining parallel execution in direct-method circuit simulators are investigated. These approaches differ primarily in the size of the individual tasks used to obtain parallel execution. The relative advantages of each approach are examined, and performance data from simulations on parallel processing systems are presented. For the third approach, very good parallel efficiency was obtained; in some cases, 99% parallelism has been observed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design of corrugated waveguide filters by the Gel’fand–Levitan–Marchenko inverse-scattering method (1985)

A rigorous design rule of corrugated waveguide filters is developed by employing the Gel’fand–Levitan–Marchenko inverse-scattering method for the two-component coupled-wave equations of the Zakharov–Shabat type. In the course of developing the design method, the coupled Gel’fand–Levitan–Marchenko integral equations for the Zakharov–Shabat system having no discrete spectrum are shown to be reducible to a set of linear simultaneous equations amenable to simple numerical calculations when the reflection coefficient is a rational function.
Night eating syndrome: implications for severe obesity (2012)

Night eating syndrome (NES) was first identified in 1955 by Stunkard, a psychiatrist specialising in eating disorders (ED). Over the last 20 years considerable progress has been made in defining NES as a significant clinical entity in its own right and it has now been accepted for inclusion in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) due for publication in 2013. NES is considered a dysfunction of circadian rhythm with a disassociation between eating and sleeping. Core criteria include a daily pattern of eating with a significantly increased intake in the evening and/or night time, as manifested by one or both of the following: at least 25% of food intake is consumed after the evening meal or at least two episodes of nocturnal eating per week. An important recent addition to core criteria includes the presence of significant distress and/or impairment in functioning. Stunkard's team recommend further investigation on the pathogenesis of NES, in particular its relationship with traumatic life events, psychiatric comorbidity, the age of onset of NES and course of NES over time. The relationship between NES and other ED also requires further clarification as night-eaters exhibit some features of other ED; previous guidance to separate NES from other ED may have hindered earlier characterisation of NES. Evidence from European and American studies suggests NES features strongly in populations with severe obesity. The complex interplay between depression, impaired sleep and obesity-related comorbidity in severely obese individuals makes understanding NES in this context even more difficult. This review examines evidence to date on the characterisation of NES and concludes by examining the applicability of current NES criteria to individuals with severe obesity.
Induction of Apoptosis by SB202190 through Inhibition of p38β Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (1998)

p38, a subfamily of the mitogen-activated protein kinase, regulates gene expression in response to various extracellular stimuli. The pyridinyl imidazoles like SB202190 are specific inhibitors of p38alpha and p38beta and have been widely used in investigation of the biological functions of p38. Here we show that SB202190 by itself was sufficient to induce cell death, with typical apoptotic features such as nucleus condensation and intranucleosomal DNA fragmentation. SB202190 stimulated the activity of CPP32-like caspases, and its apoptotic effect was completely blocked by the protease inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone and expression of bcl-2. In addition, SB202190 was able to potentiate apoptosis induced by Fas(APO-1) ligation or UV irradiation. Expression of p38beta attenuated the apoptotic effect of SB202190 and the cell death induced by Fas ligation and UV irradiation. In contrast, expression of p38alpha induced cell death mildly. These results indicate that SB202190 induces apoptosis through activation of CPP32-like caspases and suggest that distinct members of the p38 subfamily of mitogen-activated protein kinase have different functions in apoptosis.
Statistical topological data analysis using persistence landscapes (2012)

We define a new topological summary for data that we call the persistence landscape. Since this summary lies in a vector space, it is easy to combine with tools from statistics and machine learning, in contrast to the standard topological summaries. Viewed as a random variable with values in a Banach space, this summary obeys a strong law of large numbers and a central limit theorem. We show how a number of standard statistical tests can be used for statistical inference using this summary. We also prove that this summary is stable and that it can be used to provide lower bounds for the bottleneck and Wasserstein distances.
An introduction to the Mass Storage System Reference Model, version 5 (2002)

Brief histories of the IEEE Mass Storage System Reference Model and the IEEE Storage System Standards Working Group are presented. The Reference Model is explained in terms of layers of abstraction, including storage-container layers, mapping-service layers, and storage-service layers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Terahertz polarization imaging based on the continuous wave terahertz radiations (2015)

Terahertz (THz) imaging is a hot topic in the current imaging technology. THz imaging has the advantage to penetrate most of non-metal and non-polar materials for the detection of concealed objects, while it is harmless to biological organism. Continuous wave terahertz (THz) imaging is enable to offer a safe and noninvasive imaging for the investigated objects. In this paper, THz real-time polarization imaging system is demonstrated based on the SIFIR-50 THz laser as a radiation source and a NEC Terahertz Imager as an array detector. The experimental system employs two wire grid polarizers to acquire the intensity images in four different directions. The polarization information of the measured object is obtained based on the Stokes-Mueller matrix. Imaging experiments on the currency with water mark and the hollowed-out metal ring have been done. Their polarization images are acquired and analyzed. The results show that the extracted polarization images include the valuable information which can effectively detect and recognize the different kinds of objects.
A Web-based Computer-Aided Material-Selection System for Aircraft Design (2010)

A web-based computer-aided material-selection system for aircraft design, together with its architecture and implementation details, is put forward. Furthermore, a prototype of this system is developed and the prototype's effectiveness is demonstrated by an aircraft-design material-selection case in actual applications. This system can help designer select suitable materials for airframe, provide knowledge for inexperienced engineer and accumulate enterprise-level material-selection expertise.
DepthNet: Real-Time LiDAR Point Cloud Depth Completion for Autonomous Vehicles (2020)

Autonomous vehicles rely heavily on sensors such as camera and LiDAR, which provide real-time information about their surroundings for the tasks of perception, planning and control. Typically a LiDAR can only provide sparse point cloud owing to a limited number of scanning lines. By employing depth completion, a dense depth map can be generated by assigning each camera pixel a corresponding depth value. However, the existing depth completion convolutional neural networks are very complex that requires high-end GPUs for processing, and thus they are not applicable to real-time autonomous driving. In this paper, a light-weight network is proposed for the task of LiDAR point cloud depth completion. With an astonishing 96.2% reduction in the number of parameters, it still achieves comparable performance (9.3% better in MAE but 3.9% worse in RMSE) to the state-of-the-art network. For real-time embedded platforms, depthwise separable technique is applied to both convolution and deconvolution operations and the number of parameters decreases further by a factor of 7.3, with only a small percentage increase in RMSE and MAE performance. Moreover, a system-on-chip architecture for depth completion is developed on a PYNQ-based FPGA platform that achieves real-time processing for HDL-64E LiDAR at the speed 11.1 frame per second.
Omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids in tilapia and human health: a review (2009)

A recent publication questions the nutritional value of tilapia in the human diet following the movement to eat fish for their omega fatty acid (FA) content. It suggests that tilapia have an elevated amount of omega-6 FAs (n-6) and a deficient amount of omega-3 FAs (n-3), a possibly unhealthy proportion for humans. A high n-6:n-3 ratio is problematic because too much arachidonic acid, an n-6 FA, promotes inflammation, which aggravates heart disease and other illnesses. This paper analyzes the numbers from different tilapia composition studies in an effort to understand the range of n-6 and n-3 totals and ratios present in both farmed and wild tilapia. Generally, wild tilapia have more n-3 FAs than farmed tilapia, but diet adjustments can alter the body composition of the domesticated variety. Consumers should consider fish as part of a balanced diet and evaluate their FA needs on an individual basis.
Multi-level recovery (1990)

Multi-level transactions have received considerable attention as a framework for high-performance concurrency control methods. An inherent property of multi-level transactions is the need for compensating actions, since state-based recovery methods do no longer work correctly for transaction undo. The resulting requirement of operation logging adds to the complexity of crash recovery. In addition, multi-level recovery algorithms have to take into account that high-level actions are not necessarily atomic, e.g., if multiple pages are updated in a single action.
The Nuclear Spectra of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Sb</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>125</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Te</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mn>5</mml:mn><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cr</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>51</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>, and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">I</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>131</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1949)

The nuclear spectra of ${\mathrm{Sb}}^{125}$, ${\mathrm{Te}}^{125*}$, ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{51}$, and ${\mathrm{I}}^{131}$ have been measured with a magnetic lens spectrometer. ${\mathrm{Sb}}^{125}$ has a beta-ray end point at 0.621 Mev, a lower energy group at 0.288 Mev, and perhaps some groups of still lower energy. The gamma-rays of ${\mathrm{Sb}}^{125}$ are at 0.125 (I.C.), 0.174 (I.C.), 0.431 (I.C.), 0.466, 0.609 (I.C.), and 0.646 Mev. Those marked with the notation (I.C.) are internally converted. The metastable state of ${\mathrm{Te}}^{125}$, daughter of ${\mathrm{Sb}}^{125}$, is characterized by the emission of an internally converted gamma-ray of energy 0.110 Mev. ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{51}$ emits no positrons but decays by $K$-capture accompanied by two gamma-rays of energies 0.323 and 0.267 Mev, the latter being entirely internally converted. ${\mathrm{I}}^{131}$ has a beta-ray end point of 0.605 Mev with a lower energy group at 0.250 Mev. Gamma-rays at 0.080, 0.282, 0.363, and 0.637 Mev are observed. The disintegration schemes of ${\mathrm{Sb}}^{125}$, ${\mathrm{Te}}^{125*}$, and ${\mathrm{I}}^{131}$ are discussed.
Interactivity and individual viewpoint in shared virtual worlds (1994)

article Free Access Share on Interactivity and individual viewpoint in shared virtual worlds: the big screen vs. networked personal displays Author: Warren Robinett Virtual Reality Games, Inc. Virtual Reality Games, Inc.View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGGRAPH Computer GraphicsVolume 28Issue 2May 1994pp 127–130https://doi.org/10.1145/178951.178969Published:01 May 1994Publication History 15citation663DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations15Total Downloads663Last 12 Months92Last 6 weeks11 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Divergent Synthesis of a Pochonin Library Targeting HSP90 and In Vivo Efficacy of an Identified Inhibitor (2008)

Make a clean breast of it: The generation of a library of pochonin D derivatives by a solid-phase approach has led to the discovery of pochoxime (see scheme), a potent inhibitor of the heat-shock protein 90, with over 100-fold improved incellular activity. Pochoxime was found to be effective in breast tumor xenografts, leading to a reduction in the tumor size.
Polymer-Directed Synthesis of Penniform BaWO<sub>4</sub> Nanostructures in Reverse Micelles (2003)

Novel penniform superstructures of BaWO4 nanowires have been successfully synthesized in catanionic reverse micelles by using a double-hydrophilic block copolymer as the directing agent. This synthetic method is very simple, mild, and controllable, and it provides a novel method for direct solution-growth of hierarchical nanostructures based on inorganic nanowires.