gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis applications of cationic aza-Cope rearrangements. Part 17. Transition-state geometry of [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements of iminium ions (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis applications of cationic aza-Cope rearrangements. Part 17. Transition-state geometry of [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements of iminium ionsRobert J. Doedens, Guy P. Meier, and Larry E. OvermanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 3, 685–690Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00238a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00238a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views737Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A digit-serial compiler operator library (2003)

The PARSIFAL compiler is conceived for higher-throughput applications, allowing chips to be designed with throughput sample rates of up to 30 MHz, containing 300-400 MOPS on a chip of moderate size (250-mil/sup 2/). Details are presented of the library of digit-serial cells used to implement arithmetic operations on digit-serial data. A description is given of the design of digit-serial addition/subtraction, multiplication, and shifting cells, and it is indicated how division can be carried out. The multiple precision and staggered-digit data formats are described. These formats allow greater precision and higher throughput to be achieved when needed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optomechanics of Chiral Dielectric Metasurfaces (2019)

Abstract The coupling between electromagnetic fields and mechanical motion in micro‐ and nanostructured materials has recently produced intriguing fundamental physics, such as the observation of mesoscopic optomechanical phenomena in objects operating in the quantum regime. It is also yielding innovative device applications, for instance in the manipulation of the optical response of photonic elements. Following this concept, here it is shown that combining a nanostructured chiral metasurface with a semiconductor suspended micromembrane can open new scenarios where the mechanical motion affects the polarization state of a light beam, and vice versa. Optical characterization of the fabricated samples, assisted by theory and numerical modeling, reveals that the interaction is mediated via moving‐boundary and thermoelastic effects, triggered by intracavity photons. This work represents a first example of “Polarization Optomechanics,” which can give access to new forms of polarization nonlinearities and control. It can also lead to wide applications in fast polarimetric devices, polarization modulators, and dynamically tunable chiral state generators and detectors.
A Fast Matching Method for Color Uncalibrated Images using Differential Invariants (1998)

International audience
X-ray-opaque reinforcing fillers for composite materials : (1968)

The National Bureau of Standards 1 was established by an act of Congress March 3, 1901. Today, in addition to serving as the Nation's central measurement laboratory, the Bureau is a principal focal point in the Federal Government for assuring maxi- mum application of the physical and engineering sciences to the advancement of technology in industry and commerce. To this end the Bureau conducts research and provides central national services in three broad program areas and provides central national services in a fourth. These are: (1) basic measurements and standards, (2) materials measurements and standards, (3) technological measurements and standards, and (4) transfer of technology.
Successful use of cytology brush in the treatment of relapsing CAPD peritonitis (1997)

Peritonitis is the most important complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis [1]. When faced with recurrent episodes of peritonitis, it is necessary to classify these into relapse or reinfection. This distinction plays an important role on the fate of the Tenckho catheter but also helps explain the mechanism of recurrent infections and thus make appropriate preventive measures possible. Relapsing peritonitis has graver prognostic consequences than reinfection peritonitis. The cure rate is significantly lower in relapses than in reinfections (22% vs 80%). The catheter removal rate also is higher in relapses than in reinfections (78% vs 10%) [2]. The organisms responsible for relapsing peritonitis may be associated with fibrin within a biofilm on the inner surface of the Tenckho catheter. Recently, there are some reports that the addition of thrombolytic agents such as urokinase or streptokinase to appropriate i.p. antibiotic therapy can eradicate the relapsing organisms, but high incidences Fig. 1. Plain abdominal film show the bristles of the cytology brush of side e ects were noted including fever, abdominal in the curled portion of the Tenckho catheter (white arrow). pain or tenderness, and the onset of turbid dialysis bags [3]. Here, we describe a case of 41-year-old woman with recurrent CAPD peritonitis in which the last three episodes occurred at 1 month intervals. We performed brushing the intraluminal surface of the Tenckho catheter (Figure 1) with a disposable cytology brush (BC-15C, Olympus, Japan) (Figure 2) used in the pulmonary department. After brushing the intraluminal surface of the Tenckho catheter and antibiotic treatment, the patient did not experience another episode of peritonitis for almost 10 months.
Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with frequency-modulated light (2002)

A magnetometric technique is demonstrated that may be suitable for precision measurements of fields ranging from the submicrogauss level to above the earth field. It is based on resonant nonlinear magneto-optical rotation caused by atoms contained in a vapor cell with antirelaxation wall coating. Linearly polarized, frequency-modulated laser light is used for optical pumping and probing. If the time-dependent optical rotation is measured at the first harmonic of the modulation frequency, ultra-narrow (\ensuremath{\sim} a few hertz) resonances are observed at near-zero magnetic fields, and at fields where the Larmor frequency coincides with half the light modulation frequency. Upon optimization, the sensitivity of the technique is expected to exceed ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}11} G/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}.$
Residual-based contacts estimation for humanoid robots (2016)

The residual method for detecting contacts is a promising approach to allow physical interaction tasks with humanoid robots. Nevertheless, the classical formulation, as developed for fixed-base robots, cannot be directly applied to floating-base systems. This paper presents a novel formulation of the residual based on the floating-base dynamics modeling of humanoids. This leads to the definition of the internal and external residual. The first estimates the joints effort due to the external perturbation acting on the robot. The latter is an estimation of the external forces acting on the floating-base of the robot. The potential of the method is shown proposing a simple internal residual-based reaction strategy, and a procedure for estimating the contact point that combines both the internal and external residuals.
Escherichia coli gpt gene sensitizes rat glioma cells to killing by 6-thioxanthine or 6-thioguanine. (1996)

Genes that encode enzymes that convert inactive "prodrugs" into anticancer metabolites may be therapeutically useful against brain tumors. Unlike other genes tested to date in brain tumor models, the Escherichia coli gpt gene is unique in that it not only sensitizes cells to the prodrug 6-thioxanthine (6TX) but also encodes resistance to a different regimen (mycophenolic acid, xanthine, and hypoxanthine), thus providing a means to select for gpt-positive cells. In the present study, rat C6 glioma cells were infected with a retrovirus vector that transduces this gene. A clonal line (C6GPT-7) was derived that exhibited significant 6TX susceptibility in vitro with an ID50 of 2.5 mumol/L, whereas 50% growth inhibition of parental C6 cells was not achieved at concentrations tested (up to 50 mumol/L). This line also exhibited significant sensitivity to 6-thioguanine (6TG), with an ID50 of 0.05 mumol/L, whereas 50% growth inhibition of parental C6 cells was achieved at 0.5 mumol/L. In a "bystander" assay, C6GPT-7 tumor cells efficiently transferred 6TX sensitivity to C6 cells at ratios as low as 1:9 (C6GPT-7:C6). This in vitro bystander effect was abrogated when C6GPT-7 and C6 cells were separated by a microporous membrane, suggesting that it was not mediated by highly diffusible metabolites. In vivo both 6TX and 6TG significantly inhibited the growth of subcutaneously transplanted C6GPT-7 cells but not that of C6 cells in athymic mice. In an intracerebral model, both 6TX and 6TG exhibited significant antiproliferative effects against tumors formed by C6GPT-7 cells. These findings provide a basis for exploring further gene therapy strategies based on in vivo transfer of the E coli gpt gene to provide chemosensitivity against 6TX and 6TG.
Invertebrate community structure related to physicochemical parameters of permanent lakes of the south coast of Western Australia (1994)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Interpreting data: A first course in statistics (1989)

Populations and samples. Published statistics. Summarizing data. Changes with time-index numbers. Demography. Components of population change - mortality, fertility. Population projection. Organization of surveys. Design of questionnaires. Analysis of surveys. Schemes of investigation. Controlled experiments. Clinical trials. Interrupted time-series studies. Association and causation. Smoking and lung cancer.
Dispersion and mirror transmission characteristics of bulk acoustic wave resonators (2011)

A heterodyne laser interferometer is used for a detailed study of the acoustic wave fields excited in a 932-MHz solidly mounted ZnO thin-film BAW resonator. The sample is manufactured on a glass substrate, which also allows direct measurement of the vibration fields from the bottom of the acoustic mirror. Vibration fields are measured both on top of the resonator and at the mirror-substrate interface in a frequency range of 350 to 1200 MHz. Plate wave dispersion diagrams are calculated from the experimental data in both cases and the transmission characteristics of the acoustic mirror are determined as a function of both frequency and lateral wave number. The experimental data are compared with 1-D and 2-D simulations to evaluate the validity of the modeling tools commonly used in mirror design. All the major features observed in the 1-D model are identified in the measured dispersion diagrams, and the mirror transmission characteristics predicted for the longitudinal waves, by both the 1-D and the 2-D models, match the measured values well.
Metabolism of Tacrolimus (FK506) and Recent Topics in Clinical Pharmacokinetics (2007)

Tacrolimus (FK506), an immunosuppressive drug, is co-medicated with multiple drugs under clinical conditions. Tacrolimus is highly lipophilic and is excreted from the body after receiving extensive metabolism. Due to its narrow therapeutic window following organ transplantation, tacrolimus requires therapeutic drug monitoring by an enzyme immunoassay using the monoclonal antibody raised against tacrolimus. Therefore, metabolism studies including drug-drug interaction and metabolite identification studies are essential for the efficient development and clinically optimal usage of this drug. Tacrolimus was metabolized by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A subfamily. Metabolic drug-drug interaction studies were conducted to provide information regarding the optimal usage of tacrolimus, and its metabolism was inhibited by known CYP3A inhibitors such as ketoconazole, cyclosporine A, and nifedipine. Recent reports on clinical pharmacokinetics indicate that dose levels of tacrolimus need to be adjusted in transplant patients with CYP3A5 polymorphism.
Key Distribution and management for power aggregation and accountability in Advance Metering Infrastructure (2012)

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) is a critical system in smart grid. While readings of aggregated power consumption are needed for near real time response to energy demand, relatively slow paced readings of power demand in each individual household are also very important, because they account for an accurate billing for energy usage at each household, as well as identifying which households may be cheating or may have compromised their meters to report false data. Investigation on properly designed key distribution and management scheme for securely gathering both individual and aggregated meter's readings is of paramount importance. Based on this observation, we propose a framework for key distribution and management for both aggregation and accountability in a neighborhood area network employed by a utility company in its power distribution system. Specifically, a key distribution table is set up for each smart meter to carry out homomorphic encryption for secure data aggregation, while a loose time synchronized key scheme is proposed for low rate data collection of each smart meter. Security analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
The basic region of AP-1 specifies glucocorticoid receptor activity at a composite response element. (1992)

Unrelated factors collaborate at composite response elements to confer novel patterns of transcriptional regulation. For example, AP-1 and glucocorticoid receptor bind and mutually affect their activities at a 25-bp composite element, plfG. We found that different members of the AP-1 factor family that behave similarly in the absence of receptor are strikingly distinct in its presence: They specify opposite (enhancement vs. repression) regulatory actions by the receptor. Four amino acids within the AP-1 DNA-binding domain were identified as crucial determinants of receptor regulatory activity at plfG. We conclude that interactions of factors from separate transcription factor families at composite response elements provide a mechanism by which a single factor can regulate both positively or negatively, and a potential resolution of the apparent functional redundancy within regulatory factor families.
Using Identity-Based Privacy-Protected Access Control Filter (IPACF) to against denial of service attacks and protect user privacy (2007)

Denial of service (DoS)/Distributed DoS (DDoS) attack is an eminent threat to an authentication server, which is used to guard access to firewalls, virtual private networks and wired/wireless networks. The major problem is that an authentication server needs to verify whether a request is from a legitimate user and if intensive computation and/or memory resources are needed for verifying a request, then DoS/DDoS attack is feasible. In this paper, a new protocol called Identity-Based Privacy-Protected Access Control Filter (IPACF) is proposed to counter DoS/DDoS attack. This protocol is an improvement of IDF (Identity-Based Dynamic Access Control Filter). The proposed protocol is stateless because it does not create a state for an authentication request unless the request is from a legitimate user. Moreover, the IPACF is stateless for both user and authentication server since a user and responder authenticate each other. A filter value, which is generated by pre-shared secrets, is sent in a frame and checked to see if the request is legitimate. Note that the process of checking filter value is not intensive computation. The filter value is tabulated in a table with user identity so that a filter value represents a user's identity and only the legitimate user and authentication server can figure out the identity. When a filter value is from a legitimate source, a new filter value will be generated for the next frame. Consequently, the filter value is changed for every frame. Thus the privacy of both user and server are protected.The IPACF is implemented for both user and authentication server. The performance of the implementation is reported in this paper. In order to counter more DoS/DDoS attacks that issue fake requests, parallel processing technique is used to implement the authentication server, which is divided into server 1 and server 2. Server 1 only checks the validity of the request filter value against the filter value table. If the request is legitimate, the request will be passed to server 2 for generating a new filter value; otherwise, the fake request is rejected by server 1. The performance comparison of dual server and single server is also reported.
A Modified Neural Network Learning Approach and Its Application to Bengali Character Recognition (1998)

Presents a new learning model for neural networks. It combines two previous modifications to the back propagation algorithm with a new scheme for pruning less contributory training cycles to achieve faster training. The total training time is reduced by predicting future weights at regular intervals from the nature of the previous weight changes. The oscillations among different patterns are reduced by updating the weights as a function of sum of errors of all input patterns. The predefined error level is adjusted by aborting the training session at an early stage when the weight changes become insignificant with respect to changes in iterations. This model was used to recognize Bengali alphabets and a significant reduction in training time was observed.
A new window of opportunity to reject process-based biotechnology regulation (2015)

The question of whether biotechnology regulation should be based on the process or the product has long been debated, with different jurisdictions adopting different approaches. The European Union has adopted a process-based approach, Canada has adopted a product-based approach, and the United States has implemented a hybrid system. With the recent proliferation of new methods of genetic modification, such as gene editing, process-based regulatory systems, which are premised on a binary system of transgenic and conventional approaches, will become increasingly obsolete and unsustainable. To avoid unreasonable, unfair and arbitrary results, nations that have adopted process-based approaches will need to migrate to a product-based approach that considers the novelty and risks of the individual trait, rather than the process by which that trait was produced. This commentary suggests some approaches for the design of such a product-based approach.
Characterization of HULC, a Novel Gene With Striking Up-Regulation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, as Noncoding RNA (2006)

HULC is the first ncRNA with highly specific up-regulation in HCC. Because HULC was detected in blood of HCC patients, a potential use as novel biomarker can be envisaged.
Improvement of Power System Stability by Changes in the Network (1969)

Changes in the network such as connecting shunt- resistor brakes, disconnecting generators or load, and inserting series capacitors, each rapidly accomplished under suitable control, can counteract other sudden, undesired changes in the network (short circuits or accidental loss of loads or generators) which threaten the stability of interties. The countermeasures taken should match the disturbance with respect to location, amount, duration, and dependence on angular difference. Such measures can improve stability of interties more economically than can construction of additional circuits.
Selenium Biotransformation by the Salt Marsh Cordgrass <i>Spartina alterniflora</i>:  Evidence for Dimethylselenoniopropionate Formation (1999)

Phytoremediation of toxic inorganic selenium compounds by accumulation, assimilation, and volatilization is an ideal way to rid contaminated soils and sediments of these molecules. In this context, salt marsh cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) was investigated for its potential to produce dimethylselenoniopropionate (DMSeP), which as we have shown can serve as a precursor for the enzymatic volatilization of the relatively nontoxic gas, dimethylselenide (DMSe). Plants grown in sand culture, under varying saline conditions amended with the environmentally toxic form of selenium (selenate) were analyzed for organoselenonium compounds. DMSeP was positively identified in plant tissue and partially purified plant extracts by alkaline degradation to DMSe, 1H and 77Se NMR, and by enzymatic cleavage by DMSP lyase to DMSe (and acrylate). DMSeP levels were highest in plants grown in high salt (full-strength seawater) and high selenium. Preliminary evidence suggests that cordgrass may also produce Se-methyl selenomethionine, the putative precursor of DMSeP. This appears to be the first report for the biological assimilation of selenate into DMSeP by a plant species. These findings suggest a possible mechanism for the volatilization of selenium, as DMSe, analogous to that of dimethylsulfide (DMS) production by the salt tolerant cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora.
kP2PADM: An In-kernel Gateway Architecture for Managing P2P Traffic (2007)

This work presents an in-kernel gateway architecture on Linux, namely kP2PADM, for managing P2P traffic on dynamic ports. This design can effectively eliminate redundant data passing between the kernel space and the user space. The management functions include: (1) classifying and filtering P2P traffic, (2) scanning viruses on shared files, (3) auditing chatting messages and transferred files, and (4) bandwidth control. Practical implementation issues and techniques in the system design are discussed herein. This design proposes a dual-queue architecture to handle packet reassembly and resolve head-of-line blocking. A connection cache accelerates handling the reconnection requests from the peers. The throughput can achieve up to 185.73 Mbps even with content filtering, and remains around 79.09 Mbps when virus scanning is enabled. The impacts of each management function and out-of-order packets on performance are also analyzed through the internal benchmarks.