gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Is There a Science of Personnel Selection? (1951)

Is There a Science of Personnel Selection? Selecting Public Health Administrators Milton M. Mandell CopyRight*Presented before the Merit System Service of the American Public Health Association at the Seventy-eighth Annual Meeting in St. Louis, Mo., November 2, 1950. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.41.4.434 Published Online: August 29, 2011
Length control of carbon nanotubes through nanorobotic manipulations (2004)

Fabrication of nano building blocks from as-grown nanostructures is a fundamental top-down nanotechnology towards the nanoassembly of nanosystems such as nano electronics and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) with a bottom-up strategy. Here we show the length of an individual multi-walled carbon nanotube can be modified through either mechanical strain or electric breaking down via nanorobotic manipulations. Improved destructive fabrication by using surface van der Waals clamping forces, constant-length picking-up, electric breaking-down with mobile dual-probe, and shortening with large field emission current are presented as basic length control techniques. Their potential applications in the construction of nanodevices are also demonstrated.
<title>Architecture toward efficient OS support for distributed multimedia</title> (1996)

In designing operating system support for distributed multimedia, we target three areas for improvement: reduced copying, reduced reliance on explicit kernel/user interactions, and provision of rate-based flow control. Towards these goals, we propose an architecture that includes the concept of I/O efficient buffers for reduced copying, the concept of fast system calls for low latency network access, and the concept of kernel threads for flow control. Also included is a concept called direct media streaming which is suitable for applications that require limited user processing of media data. These concepts have been implemented as an extension of SunOS 5.3 (the operating system component of Solaris 2.3). We report some experimental results on the performance of our current system.
Prognosis and Pathogenesis of Sudden Deafness with Scaling Out (1983)

Recovery of hearing in sudden deafness is said to be such that the severer the hearing loss and the longer the period from the disease onset to the start of treatment, the poorer the recovery of hearing. However, the prognosis of the so-called scaling out cases has not yet been fully studied. We have therefore studied 96 patients with severest sudden deafness who consulted us within 14 days after disease onset and who had scaling out in all the frequencies. We evaluated the extent to which recovery of hearing could be expected and whether any characteristics are seen in pathogenesis, etc. The results showed that there was no patient who experienced complete recovery, even when treatment was started as early as within 4 days. Recovery of hearing was better in low frequencies than in high frequencies. The site of the lesion was the inner ear in many cases, and some had retrocochlear lesions. Concerning pathogenesis, we think the difference in degree of lesion should be considered important, rather than there may be a substantial difference, compared to that of slight deafness.
Effect of Interferon-γ Treatment on the Course of a Burn Wound Infection (1988)

Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) has been shown to have immunoregulatory properties and is able to modulate resistance to several microbial infections. This study was designed to determine the efficacy of IFN-gamma treatment in a murine burn wound infection model. Bacterial challenge consisted of Klebsiella pneumoniae (10(8) organisms/ml) or Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10(8) organisms/ml), applied topically immediately after burning. Groups of CBA/J mice received either IFN-gamma or RPMI-1640 medium (controls) subcutaneously. IFN-gamma was administered daily at a dose of 7,500 units for 5 days prior to bacterial challenge. Burn without bacterial challenge produced no mortality. Mice treated with IFN-gamma survived significantly longer than controls when the bacterial challenge was K. pneumoniae. There was no difference in survival when bacterial challenge was P. aeruginosa. The Ia antigen expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was severely reduced for 3 days post-burn. This drop was prevented on day 3 post-burn in mice treated with IFN-gamma. These data indicate that interferon was effective treatment in a murine model of Klebsiella burn wound infection and was associated with maintenance of Ia antigen expression that may have contributed to the action of the IFN-gamma.
Comparison of the helical tomotherapy against the multileaf collimator-based intensity-modulated radiotherapy and 3D conformal radiation modalities in lung cancer radiotherapy (2011)

A radiobiological treatment plan evaluation can provide a closer association of the delivered treatment with the clinical outcome by taking into account the dose-response relations of the irradiated tumours and normal tissues. The use of P - effective uniform dose diagrams can complement the traditional tools of evaluation to compare and effectively evaluate different treatment plans.
Metabolic Activation of PCBs to Quinones:  Reactivity toward Nitrogen and Sulfur Nucleophiles and Influence of Superoxide Dismutase (1996)

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) may undergo cytochrome P-450-catalyzed hydroxylations to form chlorinated dihydroxybiphenyl metabolites. When the hydroxyl groups are ortho or para to each other, oxidation to a quinone may be catalyzed by peroxidases present within the cell. In order to study the reactivity of PCB-derived quinones, selected chlorophenyl 1,2- and 1,4-benzoquinones were synthesized and characterized, including their reduction potentials against a saturated calomel electrode. Two quinones, 4-(4'-chlorophenyl)-1,2-, and 4-(3',4'-dichlorophenyl)-1,2-benzoquinone, were obtained via the oxidation of the corresponding dihydroxybiphenyls with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone. Six 1,4-benzoquinones were synthesized via the Meerwein arylation: 2-(2'-chlorophenyl)-1,4-, 2-(3'-chlorophenyl)-1,4-, 2-(4'-chlorophenyl)-1,4-, 2-(2',5'-dichlorophenyl)-1,4-, 2-(3',4'-dichlorophenyl)-1,4-, and 2-(3',5'-dichlorophenyl)-1,4-benzoquinone. As a model study, the rate of reactivity of 2-(4'-chlorophenyl)-1,4-benzoquinone toward the nitrogen nucleophiles glycine, L-arginine, L-histidine- and L-lysine was determined under pseudo-first-order conditions at pH 7.4. The rate constants ranged from 0.45 to 0.75 min-1 M-1. Higher rates were obtained under conditions of higher pH. Two reaction products were identified as the 5- and 6-ring addition products in the ratio of 1:4. In contrast, the reaction of 2-(4'-chlorophenyl)-1,4-benzoquinone with the sulfur nucleophiles glutathione or N-acetyl-L-cysteine was instantaneous. The major product of the reaction of glutathione with 2-(4'-chlorophenyl)-1,4-benzoquinone was also the 6-ring addition product. The hydroquinone thioether could be enzymatically reoxidized to the quinone thioether. Also, the influence of atmospheric oxygen and superoxide dismutase on the rates of the following horseradish peroxidase/H2O2-catalyzed oxidations was investigated: 3,4-dichloro-2',5'-dihydroxybiphenyl to 2-(3',4'-dichlorophenyl)-1,4-benzoquinone and 3,4-dichloro-3',4'-dihydroxybiphenyl to 4-(3',4'-dichlorophenyl)-1,2-benzoquinone. While the presence or absence of atmospheric oxygen did not alter the rates of the oxidation reactions, the presence of superoxide dismutase significantly increased the rates of both oxidation reactions, having the greater effect on the oxidation of the 1,4-hydroquinone. These data show that PCB-derived quinones react with both nitrogen and sulfur nucleophiles of the cell and may explain, in part, the toxic effects of individual PCBs and PCB formulations, such as glutathione depletion, oxidative stress, and cell death.
논문 : 온톨로지를 이용한 하천 데이터의 검색 (2000)

지리정보는 시간이 흐름에 따라 변하는 정보를 계속 저장, 유지 및 관리하여야 하기 때문에 데이터의 양이 계속 증가하고 용어 간의 관계도 더욱 복잡해진다. 이러한 지리정보의 특성은 네트웍을 통한 정보의 공유 및 재사용을 위해 필요한 데이터 검색을 어렵게 한다. 지리정보의 관리, 해석, 그리고 검색의 효과를 향상시키기위하여 지리정보분야의 어휘 정의와 분류 그리고 다른 어휘와의 관계를 포함하는 온톨로지를 활용할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 지리정보 데이터 중 하천 관련 용어 간의 온톨로지를 구축하여 지리정보 데이터의 관계에 의한 구조적인 검색이 가능하도록 하였다.
W-band power performance of AlGaN/GaN DHFETs with regrown n+ GaN ohmic contacts by MBE (2011)

We report our second-generation mm-wave GaN double-heterostructure FET (DHFET) device technology which uses MBE regrowth of n+ ohmic regions to reduce parasitic resistance, and an improved T-gate process which demonstrated reduced current-collapse. These devices were utilized in a MMIC with a 600 μm wide output stage which achieved 1024 mW of output power (1.7 W/mm) and PAE of 19.1% at 95 GHz at a bias of 14V. This combination of power and PAE represents a substantial improvement over competing technologies, such as InP HEMTs, as well as our own previous reports of GaN MMIC amplifiers in this frequency range.
Diffusivities of Gases in Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids:  Data and Correlations Obtained Using a Lag-Time Technique (2005)

Diffusivity and solubility data are presented for carbon dioxide, ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, and 1,3-butadiene in five imidazolium-based ionic liquids and one phosphonium-based ionic liquid covering a liquid viscosity range of 10−1000 cP. The data were obtained using a lag-time technique that involves analysis of both the transient and steady-state permeation regimes through a supported liquid film. In general, gas diffusion in ionic liquids (∼10-6 cm2/sec) is slower than that in traditional hydrocarbon solvents and water, but the dependence on viscosity is lower. Conversely, the dependence of diffusivity on temperature and the size of the solute gas is higher than that for nonpolar solvents. A correlation for gas diffusivity in ionic liquids at 30 °C is proposed in terms of the gas molar volume, the ionic liquid viscosity, and density, based on 30 data points with a coefficient of multiple determination r2 = 0.975.
Selective Fluorination in Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry (1991)

The influence of fluorine on the physical, chemical and biological properties of molecules is described. A discussion of the effect of fluorination on bond lengths and bond strengths is presented in the course of an analysis of the steric demand of fluorinated substituents. These steric effects as well as electronic interactions are illustrated in a discussion of fluorinated vitamin D3 and prostaglandin and thromboxane analogs.
<i>In vivo</i>fungicidal activity of medicinal plant extracts against six phytopathogenic fungi (2007)

Abstract Methanol extracts from 27 medicinal plant species were tested at concentrations of 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/mL for their in vivo fungicidal activities against six phytopathogenic fungi. Their efficacy varied with plant pathogen, tissue sampled and plant species. Very strong fungicidal activity was produced by extracts of Boswellia carterii, Saussurea lappa, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Piper nigrum, Rheum coreanum, Lysimachia foenum-graecum, Evodia officinalis, Santalum album and Curcuma longa at 2 mg/mL. At 1 mg/mL, S. album, P. nigrum and L. foenum-graecum showed potent fungicidal activity against Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei, Puccinia recondita and Magnaporthe grisea, respectively. Lysimachia foenum-graecum exhibited strong fungicidal activity against M. grisea at 0.5 mg/mL.
Genetically Engineered Models with Alterations in Cardiac Membrane Calcium-Handling Proteins (2000)

Regulation of intracellular Ca2+ provides a means by which the strength and duration of cardiac muscle contraction is altered on a beat-to-beat basis. Ca2+ homeostasis is maintained by proteins of the outer cell membrane or sarcolemma and the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which is the major intracellular Ca2+ storage organelle. Recently, genetic engineering techniques designed to induce specific mutations, manipulate expression levels, or change a particular isoform of various membrane Ca(2+)-handling proteins have provided novel approaches in elucidating the physiological role of these gene products in the mammalian heart. This review summarizes findings in murine genetic models with alterations in the expression levels of the sarcolemmal Ca(2+)-ATPase and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, which move Ca2+ across the cell membrane, and the sarcoplasmic reticulum proteins, which are involved in Ca2+ sequestration (Ca(2+)-ATPase and its regulator, phospholamban), Ca2+ storage (calsequestrin), and Ca2+ release (ryanodine receptor, FK506-binding protein and junctin) during excitation-contraction coupling. Advances in genetic technology, coupled with the development of miniaturized technology to assess cardiac function at multiple levels in the mouse, have added a wealth of new information to our understanding of the functional role of each of these membrane Ca(2+)-handling proteins in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. Furthermore, these genetic models have provided valuable insights into the compensatory cross-talk mechanisms between the major membrane Ca(2+)-handling proteins in the mammalian heart.
The effect of foot orthoses on transverse tibial rotation during walking (2000)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of two types of foot orthoses in controlling the magnitude and rate of internal tibial rotation, measured by the tibial pointer device, during walking. Ten subjects between the ages of 23 and 43 years volunteered to participate in the study. Prior to data collection, each subject was issued two types of foot orthoses: a pair of rigid, plastic orthoses with posting in either the forefoot or the rearfoot, and a pair of soft, accommodative, premolded orthoses with no posting. All subjects wore standardized footwear. Following a controlled break-in period for both footwear and orthoses, each subject was asked to walk at a self-selected speed over a 12-m walkway while the movement of internal tibial rotation was recorded with a video camera during five trials. The results indicated that both the rigid plastic and the accommodative foot orthoses significantly reduced the magnitude and the rate of internal tibial rotation. No significant difference was noted between the soft and rigid foot orthoses conditions.
Microbiology and management of periodontal infections. (2004)

The term periodontal disease refers to all diseases that involve the supportive structures of the periodontium. Peridontal diseases commonly begin as a gingivitis and progress to periodontitis. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) is the most fulminate form of gingivitis. The two main forms of periodontitis are chronic periodontitis (also known as adult periodontitis) and aggressive periodontitis (also known as early onset periodontitis, destructive periodontitis, and juvenile periodontitis). Gingivitis treatment involves removing dental plaques and maintaining good oral hygiene. Periodontitis therapy should include root debriding, draining the infected root, and surgically resecting inflamed periodontal tissues. Systemic antimicrobials often are indicated in NUG, chronic periodontitis, and aggressive periodontitis. When possible, antimicrobial selection should be based upon culture and susceptibility testing of the subgingival flora.
Polymer Delivery of Chemotherapy for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (1994)

This study demonstrates that continuous release of cisplatin directly at the tumor site, using an implantable polymer, is effective against human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma xenografts in nude mice.
Inhibition of plasminogen activators by conditioned medium of human hepatocytes and hepatoma cell line Hep G2. (1985)

Primary cultures of human hepatocytes and the human hepatocellular cell line Hep G2 are shown to produce fast-acting inhibitors of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase. The tPA inhibitory activities in conditioned medium of these liver cell types are very similar to those present in human endothelial cell conditioned medium. They are stable at pH 2.5, have similar dissociation constants with tPA (1.5 to 5 pmol/L), and are similar in thermostability. Addition of tPA to conditioned medium of Hep G2 and endothelial cells that has been depleted of tPA and urokinase reveals a 100 kilodalton tPA-inhibitor complex. The fast-acting tPA inhibitory activity in human plasma has comparable properties, and may originate from the liver or the vascular endothelium or both. After sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of conditioned medium from hepatocytes, Hep G2, and endothelial cells, additional fibrinolytic inhibition at 52 kilodaltons was visualized. This was not found with human plasma.
Temporal 3D ConvNets: New Architecture and Transfer Learning for Video Classification (2017)

The work in this paper is driven by the question how to exploit the temporal cues available in videos for their accurate classification, and for human action recognition in particular? Thus far, the vision community has focused on spatio-temporal approaches with fixed temporal convolution kernel depths. We introduce a new temporal layer that models variable temporal convolution kernel depths. We embed this new temporal layer in our proposed 3D CNN. We extend the DenseNet architecture - which normally is 2D - with 3D filters and pooling kernels. We name our proposed video convolutional network `Temporal 3D ConvNet'~(T3D) and its new temporal layer `Temporal Transition Layer'~(TTL). Our experiments show that T3D outperforms the current state-of-the-art methods on the HMDB51, UCF101 and Kinetics datasets. The other issue in training 3D ConvNets is about training them from scratch with a huge labeled dataset to get a reasonable performance. So the knowledge learned in 2D ConvNets is completely ignored. Another contribution in this work is a simple and effective technique to transfer knowledge from a pre-trained 2D CNN to a randomly initialized 3D CNN for a stable weight initialization. This allows us to significantly reduce the number of training samples for 3D CNNs. Thus, by finetuning this network, we beat the performance of generic and recent methods in 3D CNNs, which were trained on large video datasets, e.g. Sports-1M, and finetuned on the target datasets, e.g. HMDB51/UCF101. The T3D codes will be released
A high-performance 0.5-&amp;mu;m BiCMOS technology with 3.3-V CMOS devices (1990)

A BiCMOS technology is described that is built on an optimized 3.3-V 0.5-μm CMOS base process. A high-performance single-polysilicon npn transistor with a cutoff frequency of 15 GHz is integrated using CMOS-compatible heat cycles. Novel level-shifted BiCMOS circuit techniques are employed to allow the bipolar devices to operate at a higher voltage (4.1 V) without performance degradation while keeping the CMOS devices at 3.3 V for reliable operation. With such a circuit, performance gain over CMOS is achieved at a reduced channel length and voltage. This demonstrates the feasibility of scaling BiCMOS technology to reduced channel length and power supply voltage
The visual ambiguity of a moving plane (1984)

Abstract It is shown that the optic flow field arising from motion relative to a visually textured plane may be characterized by eight parameters that depend on the observer’s linear and angular velocity and the coordinate vector of the plane. These three vectors are not, however, uniquely determined by the values of the eight parameters. First, the optic flow field does not supply independent values for the observer’s speed and distance from the plane; it only gives the ratio of these two quantities. But more unexpectedly, the equations relating the observer’s linear velocity and the plane’s coordinate vector to the eight parameters are still satisfied if the two vectors are interchanged or reversed in direction, or both. So in addition to the veridical interpretation of the optic flow field there exist three spurious interpretations to be considered and if possible excluded. This purpose is served by the condition that an interpretation can be seriously entertained only if it attributes every image element to a light source in the observer’s field of view. This condition immediately eliminates one of the spurious interpretations, and exhibits the other two as mutually inconsistent: one of them is tenable only if all the visible sources lie on the forward half of the plane (relative to the observer’s linear velocity); the other only if they all lie on the backward half-plane. If the sources are distributed over both halves of the plane, only the veridical interpretation survives. Its computation involves solving a 3 x 3 eigenvalue problem derived from the flow field. If the upper two eigenvalues coincide, the observer must be moving directly towards the plane; if the lower two eigenvalues coincide, his motion must be directly away from it; in both cases the spurious interpretation merges with the veridical one. If all three eigenvalues are equal, it may be inferred that either the observer’s linear velocity vanishes or the plane is infinitely distant.
[Angiotensin II inhibitors for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension]. (1976)

Specific antagonists of the renin angiotensin system have been used to investigate the role of this hormonal system in blood pressure homeostasis and in different types of experimental and clinical hypertension. Using this approach it was possible to show that renin via angiotensin participates actively in blood pressure maintenace, particularly following sodium depletion. Such antagonists, if available for oral administration and taken together with a diuretic, would be useful therapeutically.
A Probabilistic Method for Aligning and Merging Range Images with Anisotropic Error Distribution (2006)

This paper describes a probabilistic method of aligning and merging range images. We formulate these issues as problems of estimating the maximum likelihood. By examining the error distribution of a range finder, we model it as a normal distribution along the line of sight. To align range images, our method estimates the parameters based on the expectation maximization (EM) approach. By assuming the error model, the algorithm is implemented as an extension of the iterative closest point (ICP) method. For merging range images, our method computes the signed distances by finding the distances of maximum likelihood. Since our proposed method uses multiple correspondences for each vertex of the range images, errors after aligning and merging range images are less than those of earlier methods that use one-to-one correspondences. Finally, we tested and validated the efficiency of our method by simulation and on real range images.
Relationship of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression to ErbB-2 Signaling Activity and Prognosis in Breast Cancer Patients (2005)

These data provide the first clinical evidence that EGFR expression is linked to activation of ErbB-2 in human breast cancers. We have further shown that the adverse prognostic value of ErbB-2 overexpression is observed only when ErbB-2 is in the phosphorylated (activated) state or coexpressed with EGFR. These data suggest that ligand-dependent mechanisms of ErbB-2 activation are important in human breast cancer. These results also suggest that agents targeting EGFR may be useful in the treatment of tumors with activated ErbB-2.