gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Baculovirus expression of the Ah receptor and Ah receptor nuclear translocater. Evidence for additional dioxin responsive element-binding species and factors required for signaling (1994)

In an effort to facilitate the structural and biochemical analyses of the Ah receptor (AHR) and the Ah receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), a baculovirus system was developed to express microgram-milligram quantities of the human version of these proteins. To simplify purification, a polyhistidine tag was cloned at their C termini so that the recombinant proteins could be specifically adsorbed to nickel-nitriloacetic acid-Sepharose. Expression studies revealed that approximately 23% of the overexpressed AHR was recovered in cell extracts with the remaining 77% forming insoluble aggregates. ARNT was found to be more soluble, with 90% recovery from cell extracts and only 10% aggregation. Photoaffinity labeling and gel shift assays demonstrated that the recombinant proteins bound ligand, heterodimerized, and recognized their cognate "dioxin response element" (DRE) in a manner similar to their native counterparts. Coexpression of the AHR and ARNT in Sf9 cells resulted in the in vivo generation of heterodimers that bound the DRE in the absence of ligand. Studies with the nickel-nitriloacetic acid-purified recombinant proteins demonstrated that the AHR and ARNT could bind DRE only when reconstituted with a heat-sensitive factor(s) present in soluble extracts from a variety of cell types. Use of these proteins also demonstrated the existence of at least three AHR-dependent DRE-binding species, suggesting that the AHR can bind to DRE in at least three distinct conformations.
High-transfer-rate high-capacity holographic disk data-storage system (2004)

We describe the design and implementation of a high-data-rate high-capacity digital holographic storage disk system. Various system design trade-offs that affect density and data-rate performance are described and analyzed. In the demonstration system that we describe, high-density holographic recording is achieved by use of high-resolution short-focal-length optics and correlation shift multiplexing in photopolymer disk media. Holographic channel decoding at a 1-Gbit/s data rate is performed by custom-built electronic hardware. A benchmark sustained optical data-transfer rate of 10 Gbits/s has been successfully demonstrated.
Non‐antibiotic properties of tetracyclines and their clinical application in dermatology (2013)

Dermatologists have used tetracyclines since the 1950s to treat disorders that do not necessarily have an infectious aetiology. Their anti-inflammatory and anti-collagenase properties contribute significantly to their success in treating diseases such as rosacea and acne. This article reviews the non-antibiotic properties of tetracyclines and their clinical application in dermatology.
Visual determination of 3D grasping points on unknown objects with a binocular camera system (2003)

In the field of hand-eye coordination, most state-of-the-art systems still require the user to select the grasping points manually. We present a system which autonomously determines 3D grasping points on unknown objects from a pair of greyscale images. The object to be grasped is segmented automatically when put into the scene. Grasping points are searched on the object silhouette; their stability is evaluated by a heuristic algorithm, primarily based on the skeleton of the region. The 3D grasping pose is estimated by triangulation using a simplified geometrical model of the camera system; the corresponding points in the second image are determined via dynamic programming. The whole system has been implemented and validated on the experimental hand-eye system MINERVA.
Beam propagation analysis for tapered waveguides: taking account of the curved phase-front effect in paraxial approximation (1997)

A novel equivalent waveguide theory based on the conformal mapping method is employed to investigate the tapered waveguide with curved phase fronts. By using the theory, the curved phase fronts of a tapered waveguide would be transformed into the planar ones of its equivalent straight-liked structure. Therefore, the paraxial beam propagation method can be used to analyze the equivalent structures of tapered waveguides (even for wide-angle tapers). Two kinds of popular tapered waveguides, including the cross-sectional dimension tapering and the constant V-number tapering, are used to analyze by our combination of conformal mapping method and beam propagation method (BPM).
Treatment of Domestic Sewage in an Anaerobic–Aerobic Fixed‐bed Reactor with Recirculation of the Liquid Phase (2012)

Abstract This study reports the performance of a combined anaerobic–aerobic packed‐bed reactor that can be used to treat domestic sewage. Initially, a bench‐scale reactor was operated in three experimental phases. In the first phase, the anaerobic reactor was operated with an average organic matter removal efficiency of 77% for a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 10 h. In the second phase, the reactor was operated with an anaerobic stage followed by an aerobic zone, resulting in a mean value of 91% efficiency. In the third and final phase, the anaerobic–aerobic reactor was operated with recirculation of the effluent of the reactor through the anaerobic zone. The system yielded mean total nitrogen removal percentages of 65 and 75% for recycle ratios ( r ) of 0.5 and 1.5, respectively, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies were higher than 90%. When the pilot‐scale reactor was operated with an HRT of 12 h and r values of 1.5 and 3.0, its performance was similar to that observed in the bench‐scale unit (92% COD removal for r = 3.0). However, the nitrogen removal was lower (55% N removal for r = 3.0) due to problems with the hydrodynamics in the aerobic zone. The anaerobic–aerobic fixed‐bed reactor with recirculation of the liquid phase allows for concomitant carbon and nitrogen removal without adding an exogenous source of electron donors and without requiring any additional alkalinity supplementation.
Observability of radiation-pressure shot noise in optomechanical systems (2010)

We present a theoretical study of an experiment designed to detect radiation-pressure shot noise in an optomechanical system. Our model consists of a coherently driven optical cavity mode that is coupled to a mechanical oscillator. We examine the cross-correlation between two quadratures of the output field from the cavity. We determine under which circumstances radiation-pressure shot noise can be detected by a measurement of this cross-correlation. This is done in the general case of nonzero detuning between the frequency of the drive and the cavity resonance frequency. We study the qualitative features of the different contributions to the cross-correlator and provide quantitative figures of merit for the relative importance of the radiation-pressure shot noise contribution to other contributions. We also propose a modified setup of this experiment relevant to the ``membrane-in-the-middle'' geometry, which potentially can avoid the problems of static bistability and classical noise in the drive.
Italian Cheese Ripening. IV. Various Free Amino and Fatty Acids in Commercial Provolone Cheese (1956)

Ohio Agric~dt~tral Experb~e~t
PAN–DR‐Binding Hsp60 self epitopes induce an interleukin‐10–mediated immune response in rheumatoid arthritis (2009)

These results suggest a disease-specific immune-modulatory role of epitope-specific T cells in the inflammatory processes of RA. Therefore, these pan-DR-binding epitopes could be used as a tool to study the autoreactive T cell response in RA and might be suitable candidates for use in immunotherapy.
A prototype of Fortran‐to-Java converter (1997)

This is a report on a prototype of a Fortran 77 to Java converter, f2j. Translation issues are identified, approaches are presented, a URL is provided for interested readers to download the package, and some unsolved problems are brought up. F2j allows value to be added to some of the investment on Fortran code – in particular, those well-established Fortran libraries for scientific and engineering computation. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct Transactivator-Transcription Factor IID (TFIID) Contacts Drive Yeast Ribosomal Protein Gene Transcription (2010)

Transcription factor IID (TFIID) plays a key role in regulating eukaryotic gene expression by directly binding promoters and enhancer-bound transactivator proteins. However, the precise mechanisms and outcomes of transactivator-TFIID interaction remain unclear. Transcription of yeast ribosomal protein genes requires TFIID and the DNA-binding transactivator Rap1. We have previously shown that Rap1 directly binds to the TFIID complex through interaction with its TATA-binding protein-associated factor (Taf) subunits Taf4, -5, and -12. Here, we identify and characterize the Rap1 binding domains (RBDs) of Taf4 and Taf5. These RBDs are essential for viability but dispensable for Taf-Taf interactions and TFIID stability. Cells expressing altered Rap1 binding domains exhibit conditional growth, synthetic phenotypes when expressed in combination or with altered Rap1, and are selectively defective in ribosomal protein gene transcription. Taf4 and Taf5 proteins with altered RBDs bind Rap1 with reduced affinity. We propose that collectively the Taf4, Taf5, and Taf12 subunits of TFIID represent the physical and functional targets for Rap1 interaction and, furthermore, that these interactions drive ribosomal protein gene transcription.
Optimising dynamic behaviour of electrostatically actuated MEMS contact switch (2009)

The reliability of the electrostatically actuated MEMS contact switches is known to be significantly undermined by the unstable dynamic behaviour of devices. High impact forces, bouncing at the contact and oscillations upon release result in substantial mechanical damage to the contacts and the switch compromising the functionality of the switch and reducing its lifetime. Certain effects become more pronounced, such as stiction causing dasiafail-to-openpsila malfunctions, resistance increases leading to degraded performance, as well as fracture. To address the issue of the dynamic instability of the switch behaviour this work employs finite element analysis (FEA), linear and nonlinear system identification techniques and optimal control theory to study the dynamic performance of the switch and optimise (soften) its dynamic behaviour by establishing an actuation input voltage that substantially reduces or eliminates the instabilities.
Traffic Congestion and Infant Health: Evidence from E-ZPass (2009)

We exploit the introduction of electronic toll collection, (E-ZPass), which greatly reduced both traffic congestion and vehicle emissions near highway toll plazas. We show that the introduction of E-ZPass reduced prematurity and low birth weight among mothers within 2km of a toll plaza by 10.8% and 11.8% respectively relative to mothers 2-10km from a toll plaza. There were no immediate changes in the characteristics of mothers or in housing prices near toll plazas that could explain these changes. The results are robust to many changes in specification and suggest that traffic congestion contributes significantly to poor health among infants.
Terabyte IDE RAID-5 Disk Arrays (2003)

High energy physics experiments are currently recording large amounts of data and in a few years will be recording prodigious quantities of data. New methods must be developed to handle this data and make analysis at universities possible. We examine some techniques that exploit recent developments in commodity hardware. We report on tests of redundant arrays of integrated drive electronics (IDE) disk drives for use in offline high energy physics data analysis. IDE redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID) prices now are less than the cost per terabyte of million-dollar tape robots! The arrays can be scaled to sizes affordable to institutions without robots and used when fast random access at low cost is important.
Etching of polyimide by a Q-switched CO 2 laser (2000)

High-speed etching of polyimide films used as insulators for multi-layered printed circuit boards has been investigated using a Q-switched CO<SUB>2</SUB> laser tuned at 9.3 micrometer. A mechanical chopper inserted in the cavity realizes the Q- switching operation. The pulse repetition rate of the laser is as high as several tens of kHz, so that continuous processing of certain width is possible without beam aiming to each hole. The laser beam is scanned by a galvano-mirror and then focused to the work by a telecentric lens. Metal layer on the top of the printed-circuit board is used as contact mask, and it works as a multi-reflector in conjunction with a reflector placed above. Multi-reflection increases the processing speed by a factor of 2.5. Overall processing speed is 1.5 m/min for 0.1 m width or 0.15 m<SUP>2</SUP>/min.
Role of Protein Disulfide Isomerase In Thrombus Formation In a Collagen-Induced Pathway of Thrombus Formation (2010)

Abstract Abstract 345 We have demonstrated that platelet activation in vivo can take place via two pathways, one initiated by the generation of thrombin and the other initiated by the exposure of collagen on the injured vessel wall (Furie & Furie, 2008). In our laser-induced model of thrombosis, in which the endothelium is activated but intact, platelet activation by thrombin dominates and collagen is not required. In the widely used ferric chloride model of thrombosis the endothelium is denuded exposing collagen which leads to initial platelet activation. Using our laser-induced thrombosis model we previously demonstrated that protein disulfide isomerase is expressed on the vessel wall and within the platelet thrombus at the site of injury. Both bacitracin A, a non-specific inhibitor of thiol isomerases, and an inhibitory antibody specific for protein disulfide isomerase (RL90) block platelet thrombus formation and fibrin generation. Here we extend our study of the role of protein disulfide isomerase in thrombus formation to the ferric chloride model of thrombosis. We used intravital fluorescence microscopy in mouse arterioles exposed to filter paper saturated with 10% ferric chloride for 3 minutes. Protein disulfide isomerase, detected with a non-inhibitory polyclonal anti-protein disulfide isomerase antibody, accumulated in ferric chloride-induced platelet thrombi in cremaster arterioles. Bacitracin A (5 mg/mouse) delayed initiation of thrombus formation in mesenteric arterioles. Median time to initial platelet accumulation increased from 1 min in the absence of inhibitor to 4 min in the presence of inhibitor. In 4 out of 8 mice treated with 7 mg of bacitracin A platelet accumulation was completely inhibited. Similarly, bacitracin A prolonged the time to occlusion of ferric chloride-injured arterioles. Less than 50% of injured arterioles in mice treated with 5 mg of bacitracin A and only 25% of injured arterioles in mice treated with 7 mg of bacitracin A occluded after 30 minutes compared to a 100% of arterioles occluded in control saline treated mice. Pretreatment of mice with RL90 at 0.3, 1 or 3 μg/g mouse delayed the appearance of the first aggregates of platelets. Median time to initial platelet accumulation was prolonged from 0.6 min in the presence of isotype-matched control antibody (1 ug/g mouse) to 1.5 min in the presence of 0.3 mg/g mouse of RL90. Platelet accumulation was not observed in 1 out of 7 animals treated with RL90 at 1 mg/g mouse and in 3 out of 7 animals treated with RL90 at 3 mg/g mouse. RL90 also inhibited fibrin deposition after ferric chloride injury. Minimal fibrin was detected in the presence of RL90 at 1 μg/g mouse while fibrin appeared rapidly in mice treated with a control antibody. These data indicate that PDI is a component of a general regulatory pathway for initiation of thrombus formation. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Dependable systems using 'VIPER' (1989)

VIPER is a 32-bit reduced instruction set microprocessor which has been specified, designed, and verified using the most formal techniques available. A complete chain of proof exists between the various gate-level designs and the functional specification. VIPERs are designed to work in pairs, to form fault-detecting computing modules with virtually 100% cover against single faults. All the comparison logic needed is built-in to the VIPER chips and is implemented in duplicated self-checking circuitry to minimise the risk that a single fault in the 'voter' might mask faults elsewhere in the system. Every node in the voting system can be tested by applying a few carefully chose inputs: 4 legal patterns and one deliberately-forced error are enough to test the whole of the 32 bit data bus comparator. With a common specification against which the chip designs have been verified in the formal, mathematical sense, a pair of VIPER chips has the property of dependable fault reporting and forms an ideal building block for reliable systems. The author discusses VIPER's limits of verification, use for building a dependable system and in industrial systems.
Preferential X-chromosome inactivation, DNA methylation and imprinting (1990)

Non-random X-chromosome inactivation in mammals was one of the first observed examples of differential expression dependent on the gamete of origin of the genetic material. The paternally-inherited X chromosome is preferentially inactive in all cells of female marsupials and in the extra-embryonic tissues of developing female rodents. Some form of parental imprinting during male and female gametogenesis must provide a recognition signal that determines the nonrandomness of X-inactivation but its nature is thus far unknown. In the mouse, the imprint distinguishing the X chromosomes in the extra-embryonic tissues must be erased early in development since X-inactivation is random in the embryonic cells. Random X-chromosome inactivation leads to cellular mosaicism in expression and differential methylation of active and inactive X-linked genes. Transgene imprinting shares many features with X-inactivation, including differential DNA methylation. In this paper we consider when methylation differences in early development affecting X-chromosome activity and imprinting are established. There are processes of methylation and demethylation occurring in early development, as well as changes in the activity of the DNA methylase itself. Methylation of a specific CpG site associated with activity of the X-linked PGK-1 gene has been studied. This site is already methylated on the inactive X chromosome by 6.5 days' gestation, close to the time of X-inactivation. However, differential methylation of this site is not the primary imprint marking the paternal X chromosome for preferential inactivation in the extra-embryonic membranes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Double‐blind Crossover Trial of Baclofen—a New Treatment for the Unstable Bladder Syndrome (1979)

Forty patients with the unstable bladder syndrome have been treated in a double-blind crossover trial of baclofen 5 mg qds versus placebo. Baclofen significantly improved diurnal and nocturnal frequency of micturition and the severity of incontinence. Considerable improvement was also obtained with placebo.
RSK4 knockdown promotes proliferation, migration and metastasis of human breast adenocarcinoma cells (2015)

RSK4 has been shown to inhibit the growth of certain cancer cells. The aim of this study was to construct a lentiviral vector of RSK4-shRNA (Lenti-RSK4-shRNA) to specifically block the expression of RSK4 in the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7, and investigate the effect of the RSK4 gene on cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Lenti-RSK4-shRNA was stably transfected into MCF-7 cells. RSK4 mRNA and protein expression were measured by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assays and flow cytometric analysis. Invasion was evaluated by Transwell assays and xenograft nude mouse models. The expression of RSK4 mRNA, Ki-67 mRNA, cyclin D1 mRNA, CXCR4 mRNA and E-cadherin mRNA of tumor xenografts were detected by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Significant decreases in RSK4 mRNA and protein expression was detected in MCF-7 cells carrying lentiviral RSK4-shRNA vector. The cell proliferation was significantly promoted in the RSK4-shRNA group as compared to that in the negative and blank control group. In addition, the number of cells in the S phase in the RSK4‑shRNA group was significantly greater than the blank and negative control groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the number of invading cells was increased in the RSK4-shRNA (P<0.05). In vivo, we also found that the knockdown of RSK4 promoted tumorigenicity and migration in the xenograft nude mouse model. In addition, we showed that the RSK4 mRNA and E-cadherin mRNA expression were significantly lower in the RSK4-shRNA group compared to that in negative and blank control group (both P<0.05), while the Ki-67 mRNA, cyclin D1 mRNA and CXCR4 mRNA were higher in the shRNA group compared to that in negative and blank control group (both P<0.05). In conclusion, downregulation of RSK4 expression is indicated to be associated with tumor cell proliferation and invasion, and silencing of the RSK4 may be involved in the development and progression of breast cancer through the changes of Ki-67, cyclin D1, CXCR4 and E-cadherin, and suggesting that RSK4 may act as a potential cancer suppressor gene and therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.
Characterization of human brain cDNA encoding the general isoform of beta-spectrin. (1992)

The complete primary structure of the general form of human beta-spectrin (beta G) has been deduced from cDNAs isolated from human brain. beta G-Spectrin is encoded by a gene located on human chromosome 2. beta G-Spectrin and erythrocyte beta-spectrin (beta R) share identical domain organization, with sequence identity of 60% and sequence similarity of 77%. beta-Spectrins have closely related N-terminal domains implicated in binding to actin, and 17 copies of a 106-residue repeat motif with consensus residues that are highly conserved between beta-spectrins as well as alpha-spectrins. C-terminal domains of beta G and the 270-kDa beta R-spectrins are candidate regions to associate with alpha-spectrin, and exhibit 75% similarity. beta G- and beta R-spectrins exhibit different patterns of expression in tissues and follow different developmental programs in those tissues where they are co-expressed. beta G-Spectrin is present in all tissues examined except for erythrocytes, while beta R-spectrin could be detected only in erythrocytes, brain, and heart. beta G- and beta R-Spectrins are both expressed in brain, but beta R appeared later in post-natal development and was highly enriched in cerebellum in contrast to the broad regional distribution of beta G-spectrin. beta-Spectrins are likely to perform related but distinct functions, with beta G in a general, constitutive role and beta R-spectrin involved in more specialized activities of differentiated cells.
Increased serum nitrate levels in infants with atopic dermatitis (2001)

Our results indicate that nitric oxide may be involved in the pathogenesis of vasodilation and erythema in AD skin.