gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Effect of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone on the sexual behavior of female rats]. (1986)

Sexual behaviour was tested in female rats with ovariectomy treated with various sexual hormones and healthy male rats with sexual experience. There was a marked suppression of receptive behaviour in rats with ovariectomy but the proceptive one was preserved. A marked growth of lordosis, achieving the level of that in intact rats in estrus is observed after the administration of estradiol propionate (10 micrograms) and progesterone (500 micrograms). A single subcutaneous administration of testosterone dipropionate (100 micrograms) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) with DHT-propionate (10 micrograms) to ovariectomized rats did not stimulate lordosis but preserved a high level of proceptive behaviour. Disconnections in the character of proceptive and mating behaviour show that different mechanisms are in the base of their regulation. No difference was noted in the effect of testosterone and DHT on sexual behaviour. The administration of DHT induced certain aggressiveness in the animals. No dynamics was observed in the character of the studied indicators for 3 days. The lack of differences in testosterone and DHT action on sexual behaviour of female rats shows that intracerebral aromatization is not obligatory for the manifestation of the effect.
Visualizing set concordance with permutation matrices and fan diagrams (2007)

Scientific problem solving often involves concordance (or discordance) analysis among the result sets from different approaches. For example, different scientific analysis methods with the same samples often lead to different or even conflicting conclusions. To reach a more judicious conclusion, it is crucial to consider different perspectives by checking concordance among those result sets by different methods. In this paper, we present an interactive visualization tool called ConSet, where users can effectively examine relationships among multiple sets at once. ConSet provides an overview using an improved permutation matrix to enable users to easily identify relationships among sets with a large number of elements. Not only do we use a standard Venn diagram, we also introduce a new diagram called Fan diagram that allows users to compare two or three sets without any inconsistencies that may exist in Venn diagrams. A qualitative user study was conducted to evaluate how our tool works in comparison with a traditional set visualization tool based on a Venn diagram. We observed that ConSet enabled users to complete more tasks with fewer errors than the traditional interface did and most users preferred ConSet.
Characterization of a 170,000-dalton polyprotein encoded by the McDonough strain of feline sarcoma virus (1980)

In this study, we demonstrated the expression of a 170,000-Mr polyprotein in each of several McDonough feline sarcoma virus (FeSV)-transformed mink cell clones and one McDonough FeSV-transformed rat clone. This polyprotein designated McDonough FeSV P170, contained feline leukemia virus (FeLV) p15, p12, and p30 immunological determinants and shared two of its five [35S]methionine-labeled tryptic peptides with FeLV Pr180gag-pol. Both of these peptides were shown to be specific to the p30 component of Pr180gag-pol. The remaining McDonough FeSV P170 methionine-containing peptides were not represented within either FeLV Pr180gag-pol or Pr82env. Of interest, of the three peptides specific to the nonstructural component of McDonough FeSV P170, one was also represented in the 115,000-Mr polyproteins encoded by the Gardner and Snyder-Theilen strains of FeSV. These findings raise the possibility that the nonstructural components of polyproteins encoded by each of the three independently derived feline transforming viruses contained both common and unique regions. Moreover, if the sequences encoding these components are involved in transformation, as appears to be the case, our findings establish that the position of their insertion within the gag-pol region of the FeLV genome can vary among individual isolates.
Experimental Characterisation of the Alginate Gelation Process for Rapid Prototyping (2007)

Hydrogels have received much attention due to their potential use in a wide variety of biomedical applications, including tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery, contact lenses, corneal implants and wound dressing. This research work focuses on a new route to produce three-dimensional scaffolds in alginate hydrogels for medical applications, through the use of a biomimetic rapid prototyping system. This system replicates some natural procedures used by some marine brown algae, namely Laminaria Hyperborea, to produce alginate used as a structural component of the algae, in accurate chemical conditions. The biomanufacturing of optimised alginate scaffolds requires the control of the gelation process in order to obtain improved mechanical and biological properties and appropriate surface morphology for cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. This paper investigates the influence of sodium alginate of both sodium alginate and calcium chloride on the gelation kinetics.
The anastomosis of the arteriovenous fistula—common errors and their avoidance (2002)

In 1966, Brescia, Cimino and colleagues described the surgical creation of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) to establish a vascular access in haemodialysis patients w1x. Despite the availability and the wide-spread use of grafts in some parts of the world, mainly ePTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene), practically all experts in the field strongly advised creating an AVF whenever possible because of its lower rate of complications w2x. Despite the generally low rate of complications of native AVF, early failure within 1 month has been observed in some series in up to 29% of patients w3,4x. Early failure, defined as non-function of the AVF, is mostly caused by early thrombosis secondary to errors in surgical technique. Thoughtful analysis of the techniques of surgical creation of an arteriovenous anastomosis has identified a number of potential errors which may contribute to such early failure and which will be discussed in the following.
On the interplay between routing and signal representation for Compressive Sensing in wireless sensor networks (2009)

Compressive Sensing (CS) shows high promise for fully distributed compression in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In theory, CS allows the approximation of the readings from a sensor field with excellent accuracy, while collecting only a small fraction of them at a data gathering point. However, the conditions under which CS performs well are not necessarily met in practice. CS requires a suitable transformation that makes the signal sparse in its domain. Also, the transformation of the data given by the routing protocol and network topology and the sparse representation of the signal have to be incoherent, which is not straightforward to achieve in real networks. In this work we address the data gathering problem in WSNs, where routing is used in conjunction with CS to transport random projections of the data. We analyze synthetic and real data sets and compare the results against those of random sampling. In doing so, we consider a number of popular transformations and we find that, with real data sets, none of them are able to sparsify the data while being at the same time incoherent with respect to the routing matrix. The obtained performance is thus not as good as expected and finding a suitable transformation with good sparsification and incoherence properties remains an open problem for data gathering in static WSNs.
<title>Augmented-reality visualization of brain structures with stereo and kinetic depth cues: system description and initial evaluation with head phantom</title> (2001)

We are developing a video see-through head-mounted display (HMD) augmented reality (AR) system for image-guided neurosurgical planning and navigation. The surgeon wears a HMD that presents him with the augmented stereo view. The HMD is custom fitted with two miniature color video cameras that capture a stereo view of the real-world scene. We are concentrating specifically at this point on cranial neurosurgery, so the images will be of the patient's head. A third video camera, operating in the near infrared, is also attached to the HMD and is used for head tracking. The pose (i.e., position and orientation) of the HMD is used to determine where to overlay anatomic structures segmented from preoperative tomographic images (e.g., CT, MR) on the intraoperative video images. Two SGI 540 Visual Workstation computers process the three video streams and render the augmented stereo views for display on the HMD. The AR system operates in real time at 30 frames/sec with a temporal latency of about three frames (100 ms) and zero relative lag between the virtual objects and the real-world scene. For an initial evaluation of the system, we created AR images using a head phantom with actual internal anatomic structures (segmented from CT and MR scans of a patient) realistically positioned inside the phantom. When using shaded renderings, many users had difficulty appreciating overlaid brain structures as being inside the head. When using wire frames, and texture-mapped dot patterns, most users correctly visualized brain anatomy as being internal and could generally appreciate spatial relationships among various objects. The 3D perception of these structures is based on both stereoscopic depth cues and kinetic depth cues, with the user looking at the head phantom from varying positions. The perception of the augmented visualization is natural and convincing. The brain structures appear rigidly anchored in the head, manifesting little or no apparent swimming or jitter. The initial evaluation of the system is encouraging, and we believe that AR visualization might become an important tool for image-guided neurosurgical planning and navigation.
Megakaryocytopoiesis: growth factors, cell cycle and gene expression. (1998)

Megakaryocytopoiesis is the process prior to the release of platelets into the blood vessel. It is regulated by a variety of cell-cell interactions and a number of cytokines with either stimulatory or inhibitory effects. It is the intent of this review to give an overview of the regulation of megakaryocytopoiesis in a comprehensive analysis of the most recent advances, with special emphasis on cytokines that stimulate or inhibit megakaryocytopoiesis and on the cell cycle and gene expression of megakaryocytes. A chapter will be devoted to the abnormal megakaryocytopoiesis in hematological diseases and, in particular, in myeloproliferative syndromes.
Nitration of Electron-Rich Aromatic Compounds by Cerium Ammonium Nitrate Coated on Silica (1999)

Abstract Treatment of electron-rich aromatic derivatives with cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate coated on silica (CAN/Si02) affords nitro aromatic compounds. The scope and the limitation of this reaction are discussed.
Reducing the mutual coupling effect in adaptive nulling using a re-defined mutual impedance (2002)

The effect of mutual coupling in an adaptive antenna array for the nulling of interferences is investigated. The concept of mutual impedance is re-defined to take into account of the scattering effect due to the other antenna elements in the array. The re-defined mutual impedances are used to reduce the mutual coupling effect by calculating the open-circuit voltages from the measured voltages on the antenna terminals. Results show that by using the re-defined mutual impedances, substantial improvements in term of the depths and the accuracy of the nulls can be obtained over a previous method.
Variations of Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Pressure, Volume, and Ejection Fraction with Changes in Outflow Resistance in Anesthetized Intact Dogs (1968)

Multiple measurements of left ventricular volumes, ejection fractions, and circulatory pressures were made under conditions of varied outflow resistance in five intact anesthetized dogs by using a biplane videoangiographic recording system which displays simultaneously two roentgen images on the same television screen, records the images on video tape, and requires low radiation levels and small amounts of contrast medium. Aortic pressure was controlled by intra-aortic infusion of angiotensin or acetylcholine. With spontaneous sinus rhythm and normal aortic pressure, end-diastolic volume averaged 35 ml (2.3 ml/kg), and ejection fraction averaged 47% of end-diastolic volume. When aortic pressure was increased, average end-diastolic volumes increased to 53 ml and ejection fractions decreased to 29%. Conversely, when aortic pressure was decreased, average ejection fraction increased to 73%, although changes in stroke volume were usually not large under these conditions. Concomitant large changes in the shape of the left ventricular cavity were also observed. Similar changes were observed when heart rate was maintained constant by electrical pacing of the atria and ventricles with a constant atrial-ventricular stimulus interval. The variability in left ventricular volume and ejection fraction observed in the same animal during different circulatory states may account in part for the differences in values for these variables reported by different investigators.
A Neural Network for Modeling Multicategorical Parcel Use Change (2012)

This paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN) for modeling multicategorical land use changes. Compared to conventional statistical models and cellular automata models, ANNs have both the architecture appropriate for addressing complex problems and the power for spatio-temporal prediction. The model consists of two layers with multiple input and output units. Bayesian regularization was used for network training in order to select an optimal model that avoids over-fitting problem. When trained and applied to predict changes in parcel use in a coastal county from 1990 to 2008, the ANN model performed well as measured by high prediction accuracy (82.0-98.5%) and high Kappa coefficient (81.4-97.5%) with only slight variation across five different land use categories. ANN also outperformed the benchmark multinomial logistic regression by average 17.5 percentage points in categorical accuracy and by 9.2 percentage points in overall accuracy. The authors used the ANN model to predict future parcel use change from 2007 to 2030.
Design of an IGBT-based LCL-resonant inverter for high-frequency induction heating (2003)

A power electronic inverter is developed for a high-frequency induction heating application. The application requires up to 160 kW of power at a frequency of 100 kHz. This power-frequency product represents a significant challenge for today's power semiconductor technology. Voltage source and current source inverters both using ZCS or ZVS are analyzed and compared. To attain the level of performance required, an LCL load-resonant topology is selected to enable ZVS close to the zero current crossing of the load. This mode of soft-switching is suitable to greatly reduce the IGBT losses. Inverter control is achieved via a phase locked loop (PLL). This paper presents the circuit design, modeling and control considerations.
Bulk Nanostructured Materials Based on Two-Dimensional Building Blocks: A Roadmap (2015)

The family of two-dimensional (2D) materials, in particular MXenes, can now be greatly expanded based on a new "double metal" strategy as reported by Anasori, Xie, and Beidaghi et al. in this issue of ACS Nano. Now that a diverse array of well-defined nanoscale building blocks, especially the 2D systems, has become available, we are better prepared to think about scaling up nanomaterials in the broader context of materials science and engineering. In this Perspective, we construct a roadmap for assembling nanoscale building blocks into bulk nanostructured materials, and define some of the critical challenges and goals. Two-dimensional sheets are uniquely well-suited in this roadmap for constructing dense, bulk-sized samples with scalable material performance or interesting emergent properties.
Solubility of H<sub>2</sub>S in n‐hexadecane at elevated pressure (1993)

Abstract The solubility of H 2 S in n ‐hexadecane has been determined at 50, 100 and 150°C at pressures up to 7.4 MPa. The results were correlated with the Peng‐Robinson (1976) equation of state and Henry's constants were derived for comparison with low pressure data in the literature.
Exploring the design space for concurrent use of personal and large displays for in-home collaboration (2011)

Recent technology improvements have led to two trends - larger display screens in the home and more personal computing devices (with displays) being used in the home. We believe these two trends will converge. We want to understand the implications and possibilities of using a large shared display in combination with a small personal display for a variety of in-home applications. This thesis addresses three questions. First, can multiple users work on loosely coupled tasks on a single shared large display? Second, if users are able to work in parallel on a single display, what is the impact of adding a personal display to the large shared display for collaborative tasks? Finally, for those applications that utilize a small personal display and a large display, how difficult is it for users to switch their attention between the displays? We completed a pilot study, a main study and a follow-up study to answer these questions. Subsequently we utilized the results to design and develop the Family Blog, a collaborative application using mobile phones and a large shared display. The results from our pilot study show that users are able to share a large display for loosely coupled tasks and suggest that personally relevant objects should be placed together relative to a user's seated position. Our main study demonstrates that users are able to use both a personal display and a large display for varying levels of coupling for different tasks, but each task should utilize a single display for the majority of the task activity, and that viewing and selecting media and completing collaborative tasks should be done on the shared large display rather the personal display. The results from our follow-up study indicate that while using both a personal and large display, users are able to switch their attention between the two displays without difficulty. Based on these findings, we built an application, the Family Blog that allows users to create photos, video, text, and audio files on a mobile phone, and then upload them to create a video blog of the shared photos on the large display. The Family Blog utilizes and validates our results and design guidelines from the studies.
Diagnostic Enzymology of <i>a</i>-L-Iduronidase with Special Reference to a Sulphated Disaccharide Derived from Heparin (1982)

1. Iduronosyl anhydro[1-3H] mannitol 6-sulphate (IMs), iduronosyl anhydro [1 3H] mannitol, phenyl iduronide (PhI) and 4-methylumbelliferyl iduronide have been compared as substrates for the diagnostic estimation of alpha-L-iduronidase activity present in human leucocyte and cultured skin fibroblast homogenates. The pH profile of leucocyte and fibroblast iduronidase activity was dependent on substrate structure and concentration, the ionic strength and the nature of the buffer ion used in the assay mixture. 2. NaCl, KBr and Na2SO4 were shown to be parabolic competitive inhibitors of IMs activity, the Ki with fibroblast homogenates being 34, 13.4 and 0.22 mmol/l respectively. NaCl and KBr were shown to have a primary salt effect on the interaction between enzyme and substrate but Na2SO4 appeared to have a specific ion effect at a cationic binding site. 3. NaCl inhibited the hydrolysis of IMs at all pH values studied, whereas NaCl concentrations of 0.2 mol/l inhibited the hydrolysis of PhI at pH values below 3.8 but activated the enzyme at higher incubation pH values. 4. Cu2+ was shown to be a potent non-competitive inhibitor of IMs enzyme activity with an apparent Ki of approximately 0.02 mmol/l. The enzyme activity was inhibited by Fe2+ (Ki 4 mmol/l), Hg2+ and Ag+, but has no significantly been affected by other univalent or bivalent cations. 5. The presence of solvent and salt effects on apparent Km but not the Vmax. suggest that the binding of IMs to the enzyme involved charge neutralization, and it is inferred that two cationic binding sites are present at the active site. It is postulated that one site specifically binds to the iduronic acid carboxyl group, the other to the 6-sulphate of the anhydromannitol moiety.
The cytokinesis-block micronucleus technique and its application to genotoxicity studies in human populations. (1993)

The development of the cytokinesis-block (CB) technique has made the human lymphocyte micronucleus assay (MN) a reliable and precise method for assessing chromosome damage. Recent studies in our laboratory have confirmed that this method is a sensitive indicator of in vivo radiation exposure in patients undergoing fractionated partial-body radiotherapy and rodents exposed to uniform whole-body irradiation, thus supporting the application of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay for biological dosimetry. To further define the use of this assay in biomonitoring, we have also undertaken extensive studies to determine the spontaneous level of MN in normal human populations and its relationship to various lifestyle factors. During the past year, we have also developed a new variation to the CBMN assay that enables the conversion of excision-repairable lesions to MN within one cell-cycle using cytosine arabinoside. With this method the slope of the in vitro dose-response curves was increased by a factor of 1.8 for X-rays, 10.3 for ultraviolet (254 nm) radiation, and approximately 40-fold for methylnitrosourea. Consequently, the CBMN assay can now be used not only to measure whole chromosome loss or chromosome breaks but also excision repair events. The versatility and simplicity of the CBMN assay together with new developments in automation should enable its successful application in monitoring exposed populations as well as identifying mutagen-sensitive individuals within a population.
A SOS MOSFET SPICE model for confident analogue circuit design (2002)

The authors present details of a charge-based circuit simulation model which is continuous from subthreshold to strong inversion and is therefore suitable for analog design. The model has been implemented in the SPICE2 program. The model equivalent circuit is shown, and a set of simulated subthreshold characteristics for an n-channel device is presented. The current is smooth and continuous from cutoff through subthreshold to strong inversion, and the influence of the kink effect can be seen in increasing the inverse subthreshold slope with increasing drain bias. Sample capacitance characteristics are illustrated, and these are also smooth and continuous into subthreshold, allowing accurate small-signal simulation and enhancing convergence in transient simulation. Good modeling of the drain conductance is achieved throughout the kink region, ensuring correct prediction of circuit small-signal gain. In the frequency domain, the model predicts the correct behavior of drain admittance, which is particularly important in analog design. The typical measured threshold shift dependence on total radiation dose is also illustrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
[Hepatitis B virus]. (1987)

L'hepatite B est un probleme de sante publique mondial. En Extreme-Orient et en Afrique subtropicale, les porteurs chroniques du virus de l'hepatite B (VHB) representent 10 % ou plus de la population. En Europe, la maladie est moins repandue. En France, les porteurs chroniques de ce virus representent 0,3 % de la population. Au total, on recense plus de 300 millions de personnes porteuses [...]