gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Ternary Ligand System Useful for Preparation of Cationic <sup>99m</sup>Tc-Diazenido Complexes and <sup>99m</sup>Tc-Labeling of Small Biomolecules (2006)

This report describes a novel ternary ligand system composed of a phenylhydrazine, a crown ether-containing dithiocarbamate (DTC), and a PNP-type bisphosphine (PNP). The combination of three different ligands with (99m)Tc results in cationic (99m)Tc-diazenido complexes, [(99m)Tc(NNAr)(DTC)(PNP)]+, with potential radiopharmaceuticals for heart imaging. Synthesis of cationic (99m)Tc-diazenido complexes can be accomplished in two steps. For example, the reaction of phenylhydrazine with (99m)TcO4- at 100 degrees C in the presence of excess stannous chloride and 1,2-diaminopropane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (PDTA) results in the [(99m)Tc(NNPh)(PDTA)n] intermediate, which then reacts with sodium N-(dithiocarbamato)-2-aminomethyl-15-Crown-5 (L4) and N,N-bis[2-(bis(3-ethoxypropyl)phosphino)ethyl]ethoxyethylamine (PNP6) at 100 degrees C for 15 min to give the complex, [(99m)Tc(NNPh)(L4)(PNP6)]+ in high yield (>90%). Cationic complexes [(99m)Tc(NNPh)(DTC)(PNP)]+ are stable for > or = 6 h. Their composition was determined to be 1:1:1:1 for Tc:NNPh:DTC:PNP using the mixed-ligand experiments on the tracer ((99m)Tc) level and was further confirmed by the ESI-MS spectral data of a model compound [Re(NNPh)(L4)(L6)]+. It was found that both DTCs and bisphosphines have a significant impact on the lipophilicity of their cationic (99m)Tc-diazenido complexes. Results from a (99m)Tc-labeling efficiency experiment showed that 4-hydrazinobenzoic acid (HYBA) might be useful as a bifunctional coupling agent for (99m)Tc-labeling of small biomolecules. However, the (99m)Tc-labeling efficiency of HYBA is much lower than that of 6-hydrazinonicotinic acid (HYNIC) with tricine and trisodium triphenylphosphine-3,3',3''-trisulfonate (TPPTS) as coligands.
Vaccination of broilers with HVT expressing an Eimeria acervulina antigen improves performance after challenge with Eimeria. (2000)

The sequence encoding part of the 100 kDa refractile body protein (Ea1A) from Eimeria acervulina was cloned into the US10 locus of herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) downstream of LTR promoter. Expression of the fusion protein was shown in vitro. Recombinant HVT showed a delayed and slightly reduced level of viremia compared to the parent strain in SPF chickens as well as in broilers. Effect on the performance of broilers vaccinated with recombinant or parent HVT was measured by challenge at day 24 with a high dose of E. acervulina and E. maxima oocysts. A significant improvement in weight of animals vaccinated with the recombinant HVT was detected at the end of the challenge period.
Maternal Supplementation With Very-Long-Chain n-3 Fatty Acids During Pregnancy and Lactation Augments Children’s IQ at 4 Years of Age (2003)

Maternal intake of very-long-chain n-3 PUFAs during pregnancy and lactation may be favorable for later mental development of children.
Energy management system survey of architectures (1989)

The history of energy management systems (EMSs) is sketched, and a conceptual model of an EMS is presented. A centralized architecture that is typical of several available, is described. Clustered and distributed architectures are discussed. Each of the architectures is compared to the conceptual model and judged as to its responsiveness, expandability, and maintainability.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fiber-optical switch using cam-micromotor driven by scratch drive actuators (2004)

We fabricated a 1 × 1 fiber-optic switch using a cam-micromotor driven by scratch drive actuators (SDAs). Using the cam-micromotor, mechanical translation and precise positioning of an optical fiber were performed. An optical fiber of diameter 50 µm was bent and pushed out with a cam-mechanism driven by the SDAs fabricated by surface micromachining. The maximum rotation speed of the cam-micromotor was 7.5 rpm at a driving frequency of 1.5 kHz. The transient time of the switch to attenuate coupling efficiency less than −40 dB was around 10 ms.
TRAP, a Powerful and Versatile Framework for Gallium‐68 Radiopharmaceuticals (2011)

A veritable gallium TRAP: Triazacyclononane-phosphinic acid chelators (TRAP) form highly stable complexes with Ga3+ (see figure) extremely efficiently over a wide pH range. Homo- and heteromultimeric bioconjugates can be synthesized in a straightforward manner, all of which renders TRAP a chelator with ideal properties for 68Ga positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent elaboration.
MCF-7 breast cancer cells transfected with protein kinase C-alpha exhibit altered expression of other protein kinase C isoforms and display a more aggressive neoplastic phenotype. (1995)

Increased protein kinase C (PKC) activity in malignant breast tissue and positive correlations between PKC activity and expression of a more aggressive phenotype in breast cancer cell lines suggest a role for this signal transduction pathway in the pathogenesis and/or progression of breast cancer. To examine the role of PKC in the progression of breast cancer, human MCF-7 breast cancer cells were transfected with PKC-a, and a group of heterogenous cells stably overexpressing PKC-a were isolated (MCF-7-PKCa). MCF-7-PKC-a cells expressed fivefold higher levels of PKC-a as compared to parental or vector-transfected MCF-7 cells. MCF-7-PKC-a cells also displayed a substantial increase in endogenous expression of PKC-8 and decreases in expression of the novel 6-and q-PKC isoforms. MCF-7-PKC-a cells displayed an enhanced proliferative rate, anchorage-independent growth, dramatic morphologic alterations including loss of an epithelioid appearance, and increased tumorigenicity in nude mice. MCF-7-PKC- a cells exhibited a significant reduction in estrogen receptor expression and decreases in estrogen-dependent gene ex- pression. These findings suggest that the PKC pathway may modulate progression of breast cancer to a more aggressive neoplastic process. (
Leak detection—common problems and their solutions (1984)

The subject of leak detection will be considered from the viewpoint of a number of classical problem areas that are common to many different techniques. These will include such limitations as temperature change, system outgassing, virtual leaks, gas permeation, and long time constants from large volumes as well as from double leaks in series. The problems as well as their solutions will be discussed for a broad range of leak-test methods, including various total and partial pressure gauges. Some specific advantages of air-leak detection with either a residual gas analyzer or a small mass spectrometer mounted on its own pumping system will be illustrated. A clarification of common misconceptions about the nature of leaks and gas flow through leaks will also be included. This will be illustrated with several typical examples including the technique of high pressure helium bombing.
Integral role of Noxa in p53-mediated apoptotic response (2003)

The tumor suppressor p53 exerts its versatile function to maintain the genomic integrity of a cell, and the life of cancerous cells with DNA damage is often terminated by induction of apoptosis. We studied the role of Noxa, one of the transcriptional targets of p53 that encodes a proapoptotic protein of the Bcl-2 family, by the gene-targeting approach. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts deficient in Noxa [Noxa(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs)] showed notable resistance to oncogene-dependent apoptosis in response to DNA damage, which was further increased by introducing an additional null zygosity for Bax. These MEFs also showed increased sensitivity to oncogene-induced cell transformation in vitro. Furthermore, Noxa is also involved in the oncogene-independent gradual apoptosis induced by severe genotoxic stresses, under which p53 activates both survival and apoptotic pathways through induction of p21(WAF1/Cip1) and Noxa, respectively. Noxa(-/-) mice showed resistance to X-ray irradiation-induced gastrointestinal death, accompanied with impaired apoptosis of the epithelial cells of small intestinal crypts, indicating the contribution of Noxa to the p53 response in vivo.
Growth of Carbon Nanotubes on Metallic Catalyst by CVD (2006)

The growth of carbon nanotubes was investigated using a filament assisted atmospheric CVD system. The scope of this study is two fold: (i) control the growth of carbon nanotubes by chemical treatment of catalysis surface and temperatures and (ii) study of nanotubes growth for gas sensor applications. We have conducted the growth of carbon nanotubes on surfaces by treatment of metal catalyst surface with different acids and plasma. The treated surfaces were kept in a furnace tube CVD and the nanotubes were grown using a hot filament assisted decomposition of methane (CH4) and argon (Ar) gas mixture. It was found that the growth of carbon nanotubes could be controlled by the catalysts, filament and furnaces temperature.
Combining data and voice communications on digital wireless networks (2002)

Growing demand for access to mobile data and the advent of new digital wireless voice/data services motivate the design of a system that handles both voice and data traffic efficiently. We describe the design of a system for wireless voice and data communications. On the network side, we enhance a digital cellular/PCS basestation with a direct data connection to provide data services. On the terminal side, we describe a small, light wireless handset that uses a pen based user interface and handwriting recognition for access to data services.
Role of natural killer cells, in comparison with T lymphocytes and monocytes, in the regulation of normal human megakaryocytopoiesis in vitro. (1987)

Natural killer (NK) cells are thought to play an important role in host defense against virus-infected and neoplastic cells. Recent reports suggest that these cells may also influence developmental events in the course of normal erythropoiesis and granulopoiesis. The role of NK cells in the regulation of normal human megakaryocytopoiesis has not been reported, but clinical observations suggest that NK cell effects on megakaryocyte progenitors might differ from those of other cell lineages. We therefore carried out in vitro studies designed to assess the influence of NK cells on the growth of autologous megakaryocyte colony-forming units (CFU-Meg). To provide a frame of reference for these experiments, the effect of T lymphocytes, and monocyte-macrophages (M luminal diameter) on autologous CFU-Meg cloning efficiency was also studied. Purified immune effector cells were co-cultured in plasma clots with both unseparated, and progenitor cell-enriched marrow mononuclear cells (MNC) at target to effector cell ratios varying from 100:1 to 1:1. Resulting megakaryocyte colonies were enumerated by indirect fluorescence microscopy by using a rabbit anti-human platelet glycoprotein antiserum as probe for cells of the megakaryocyte lineage. The addition of NK cells to both unseparated (n = 12), and progenitor-enriched (n = 3) MNC at target to effector cell ratios of 2:1 and 1:1 resulted in a significant (p less than 0.05) augmentation in CFU-Meg-derived colony formation. Augmentation of colony formation was blocked by incubating the NK cells in Leu-11b monoclonal antibody. Stimulation appeared to be carried out by the production of a soluble growth factor which was detectable in NK cell-conditioned medium. Exposure of NK cells for 18 hr to highly purified or recombinant gamma-interferon (500 U/10(6) cells), a putative NK cell stimulator, neither increased nor abrogated the stimulatory effect. The latter could be accomplished, however, by centrifuging (200 X G for 5 min), and then preincubating the target and effector cells together for 3 hr before plating. At no time was significant inhibition of CFU-Meg demonstrated. In contrast to these results, when tested at the same ratios, and under the same conditions, no consistent effect on CFU-Meg cloning efficiency could be demonstrated by the addition of whole T cells, T cell subsets, or M luminal diameter. These results suggest that NK cells could play a role in the basal regulation of megakaryocytopoiesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
A Seven-Octave Broadband LNA MMIC Using Bandwidth Extension Techniques and Improved Active Load (2018)

This paper presents the analysis and design of a novel broadband low-noise amplifier (LNA) with larger than seven-octave bandwidth. To achieve good impedance matching, flat gain, and low noise over larger than seven-octave bandwidth, the combination technique of shunt-resistive feedback, dual inductive-peaking techniques as well as a compact improved active load supporting broadband RF biasing from dc to 20 GHz, is proposed for LNA design. The gain and noise improvement principles of the proposed technique are also analyzed theoretically. Based on the theoretical study, a three-stage LNA with larger than seven-octave bandwidth, i.e. 0.1 to 20 GHz, is designed and verified using a 0.15-μm GaAs pHEMT technology. The LNA experimental results show a high gain of 28.6 dB, good noise figure of 3.1 to 5.8 dB, and output P <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> dB of 7.8 to 12.7 dBm over the broad frequency range of 0.1 to 20 GHz. The proposed LNA has a compact chip size of only 1.53 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> including testing input/output pads.
Identification and removal of defects on silicon wafer processed with a rinse with/without megasonics in DI water (2003)

Watermark generation during wafer cleaning, which is the most repeated step in IC manufacturing, was investigated. Watermark formed during the HF last cleaning was monitored by KLA and SEM. It was found that megasonics at the final rinse (F/R) stage was the source of the defects. Megasonics in F/R step can generate a damage on the hydrophobic wafer surface. This damage may be a cause of watermark. Under the same rinse condition, which generate watermark on bare wafer, watermark density of patterned wafer is much less than that of bare wafer. A geometrical combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic wafer surface can prevent the watermark on a part of the hydrophobic wafer surface. It was confirmed that micro watermark did not affect the quality of gate oxide of 58 /spl Aring/ thickness.
Antenna-Impregnated Fabrics for Recumbent Height Measurement on the Go (2018)

A novel class of antenna-impregnated fabrics is proposed for wireless and unobtrusive height measurement on the go. Contrary to conventional infantometer and stadiometer technologies that restrict height monitoring to sporadic intervals, this technology brings forward regular height monitoring with minimum impact to the individual's activity. The proposed fabrics consist of multiple dipole antennas placed at known distances from each other. When a subject lies upon the fabric, he/she detunes the underlying antennas, inducing losses in the associated wireless transmission paths. Therefore, the subject's height can be calculated by identifying the two antennas with degraded transmission coefficients at the starting (head) and ending (feet) points. For validation, a proof-of-concept 52 cm × 43 cm fabric operating at 915 MHz is designed, fabricated, and tested. Simulation and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> in vitro</i> measurement results demonstrate the feasibility of retrieving the length of a 16-cm-long phantom, regardless of its exact location upon the fabric. Concurrently, the proposed fabric is shown to conform to the Federal Communication Commission guidelines for the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). This technology can eventually be integrated into baby cribs, bed sheets, or rollable mats to provide early detection/monitoring of Turner syndrome, Crohn's disease, short stature, Celiac disease, growth hormone deficiency, and obesity, among others.
A Novel Coding Architecture for LiDAR Point Cloud Sequence (2020)

In this letter, we propose a novel coding architecture for LiDAR point cloud sequences based on clustering and prediction neural networks. LiDAR point clouds are structured, which provides an opportunity to convert the 3D data to a 2D array, represented as range images. Thus, we cast the LiDAR point clouds compression as a range images coding problem. Inspired by the high efficiency video coding (HEVC) algorithm, we design a novel coding architecture for the point cloud sequence. The scans are divided into two categories: intra-frames and inter-frames. For intra-frames, a cluster-based intra-prediction technique is utilized to remove the spatial redundancy. For inter-frames, we design a prediction network model using convolutional LSTM cells, which is capable of predicting future inter-frames according to the encoded intra-frames. Thus, the temporal redundancy can be removed. Experiments on the KITTI data set show that the proposed method achieves an impressive compression ratio, with 4.10% at millimeter precision. Compared with octree, Google Draco and MPEG TMC13 methods, our scheme also yields better performance in compression ratio.
A new approach to compact semiconductor device modelling with Qucs Verilog‐A analogue module synthesis (2016)

Summary Since the introduction of SPICE non‐linear controlled voltage and current sources, they have become a central feature in the interactive development of behavioural device models and circuit macromodels. The current generation of SPICE‐based open source general public license circuit simulators, including Qucs, Ngspice and Xyce©, implements a range of mathematical operators and functions for modelling physical phenomena and system performance. The Qucs equation‐defined device is an extension of the SPICE style non‐linear B type controlled source which adds dynamic charge properties to behavioural sources, allowing for example, voltage and current dependent capacitance to be easily modelled. Following, the standardization of Verilog‐A, it has become a preferred hardware description language where analogue models are written in a netlist format combined with more general computer programming features for sequencing and controlling model operation. In traditional circuit simulation, the generation of a Verilog‐A model from a schematic, with embedded non‐linear behavioural sources, is not automatic but is normally undertaken manually. This paper introduces a new approach to the generation of Verilog‐A compact device models from Qucs circuit schematics using a purpose built analogue module synthesizer. To illustrate the properties and use of the Qucs Verilog‐A module synthesiser, the text includes a number of semiconductor device modelling examples and in some cases compares their simulation performance with conventional behavioural device models. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Packet error probabilities in direct-sequence spread-spectrum packet radio networks (1990)

The problem of computing packet error probabilities caused by a combination of noise at the receivers and interference between packet transmissions is discussed. An upper bound on the packet error probability induced in direct-sequence spread-spectrum networks is computed. The bound is valid independently of whether signals arrive with equal or unequal powers at the receiver site. It has a simple form, is easy to compute, and is valid for various classes of forward error correction codes (e.g. BCH, convolutional codes).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
EFFERVESCENT ATOMIZATION AT LOW MASS FLOW RATES. PART I: THE INFLUENCE OF SURFACE TENSION (1993)

An effervescent atomizer that operates at flow rates of 1.5 g/s and below is shown to produce sub-70-μm Sauter mean diameter sprays at pressures below 337 kPa (40 psig) while utilizing very small amounts of atomizing air (airliquid ratio by mass below 0.02). The mean drop sizes produced by this nozzle are found to be nearly independent of liquid viscosity for values ranging from 20 to 80 cP, while an increase in liquid surface tension from 30 to 67 dynes/cm serves to decrease mean drop size. Qualitative and quantitative descriptions of the data are obtained by modeling the atomization process as the formation of a number of ligaments at the exit orifice and their subsequent breakup using the classical analysis of Weber.
ChemInform Abstract: O‐BENZYLBENZOIC ACID DERIVATIVES (1984)

Abstract Man erhält das 2‐Benzyl‐benzonitril (III) durch Alkylierung von Benzol (I) nach Friedel‐Crafts.
Effects of the Nonpeptide V <sub>1</sub> Vasopressin Receptor Antagonist SR49059 in Hypertensive Patients (1999)

We assessed the clinical and pharmacological profile of the orally active V(1) vascular vasopressin (AVP) receptor nonpeptide antagonist SR49059 (SR) during the osmotic stimulation of AVP release in hypertensive patients. In a double-blind crossover-versus-placebo study, 24 untreated stage I or II essential hypertensive patients (12 whites and 12 blacks) received a single 300 mg oral dose of SR 2 hours before the stimulation of AVP secretion with a 5% hypertonic saline infusion. Hemodynamic, humoral, and hormonal parameters were monitored for up to 28 hours after drug administration. SR did not alter blood pressure or heart rate before the saline infusion and did not reduce the blood pressure increment induced by the hypertonic saline infusion. However, the blood pressure peak at the end of the hypertonic saline infusion was slightly lower in the presence of SR (P=0.04). Heart rate was significantly faster between 4 and 6 hours after SR administration (P=0.02). The rise in plasma sodium and osmolality triggered by the saline infusion was not modified by SR, but AVP release was slightly greater in the presence of SR (P<0.0003). AVP-induced aggregation of blood platelets in vitro was significantly reduced by SR, with a peak effect 2 hours after drug administration that coincided with the SR peak plasma concentration. Plasma renin activity and aldosterone before and after the saline infusion were not modified by SR. Urine volume and osmolality were not altered by SR administration. SR effects were similar in the 2 ethnic groups as well as in salt-sensitive versus salt-resistant patients. In a situation of AVP osmotic release and volume expansion in hypertensive patients, a single oral dose of the V(1) vascular AVP receptor nonpeptide antagonist SR49059, which is able to block AVP-induced platelet aggregation, exerts a transient vasodilation effect that is not associated with a sustained blood pressure reduction. SR49059 is a pure V(1) vascular receptor antagonist that is devoid of V(2) renal receptor actions.
Mechanical Properties of Low-Temperature Bainite (2005)

The mechanical properties of a bainitic microstructure with slender ferrite plates (20-65 nm in thickness) in a matrix of carbon-enriched retained austenite were characterized. The microstructure is generated by isothermal transformation at temperatures in the range 200-300°C. A yield strength as high as 1.5 GPa and an ultimate tensile strength between 1.77 to 2.2 GPa was achieved, depending on the transformation temperature. Furthermore, the high strength is frequently accompanied by ductility (£ 30%) and respectable levels of fracture toughness (< 45 MPa m0.5). This unusual combination of properties is attributed to the exceptionally fine scale of the carbidefree bainitic microstructure and the associated retained austenite.