gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Can long passwords be secure and usable? (2014)

To encourage strong passwords, system administrators employ password-composition policies, such as a traditional policy requiring that passwords have at least 8 characters from 4 character classes and pass a dictionary check. Recent research has suggested, however, that policies requiring longer passwords with fewer additional requirements can be more usable and in some cases more secure than this traditional policy. To explore long passwords in more detail, we conducted an online experiment with 8,143 participants. Using a cracking algorithm modified for longer passwords, we evaluate eight policies across a variety of metrics for strength and usability. Among the longer policies, we discover new evidence for a security/usability tradeoff, with none being strictly better than another on both dimensions. However, several policies are both more usable and more secure that the traditional policy we tested. Our analyses additionally reveal common patterns and strings found in cracked passwords. We discuss how system administrators can use these results to improve password-composition policies.
Coordinate ascent scheduler for the multi-user MIMO uplink channel (2008)

Orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) transmission has been chosen for the next generation of wireless networks. Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques are well suited for OFDMA and will be used for increased transmission efficiency for both downlink and uplink. In this paper we focus on space division multiple access (SDMA) techniques for the uplink of such a network. In particular, we consider the problem of scheduling uplink users so as to maximize the uplink resources while satisfying the QoS requirements of each userpsilas flows. We do this by assigning suitable utility functions to user flows that are designed to maintain the specified QoS constraints. Since multiple users can be simultaneously scheduled, the scheduling problem becomes multi-dimensional and, in general, its computational complexity grows non-linearly with the number of users. In addition to choosing the users to be scheduled one must also determine the optimal transmission power for each scheduled user. For the case of two users per frame we show that the optimal power allocation scheme is such that either both users transmit with full power or only one transmits with full power. We then propose a coordinate ascent algorithm for solving the utility-based scheduling problem. Simulations are then used to show that the solution produced by this approach is close to optimal and is quite robust.
New .alpha.-Thiol Dipeptide Dual Inhibitors of Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme and Neutral Endopeptidase EC 3.4.24.11 (1995)

Dual inhibitors of the two zinc metallopeptidases, neutral endopeptidase (NEP, EC 3.4.24.11) and angiotensin-I converting enzyme, have been the focus of much clinical interest for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. A novel series of alpha-thio dipeptides containing central cyclic non-natural amino acids were prepared and were evaluated for their ability to inhibit these two metallopeptidases in vitro and in vivo. Most of these compounds were found to be excellent dual inhibitors of ACE and NEP in vitro and several were also found to inhibit angiotensin-I (AI) pressor response in conscious rats when given by intravenous administration. Compound 6n, one of our most potent dual inhibitors in vitro, was found to be more efficacious than captopril in the AI pressor experiment when administered orally to conscious rats. This compound was also found to inhibit plasma NEP activity following oral administration to conscious rats and was more efficacious than acetorphan. The structure-activity relationships and biological activity of these dual inhibitors will be discussed.
Influence of ns2 ions on the luminescence of niobates and tantalates (1995)

The luminescence properties of the compounds ABO4(A = Sb, Bi; B = Nb, Ta) and ABi2Nb2O9(A = Sr, Ba) are reported. The influence of the ns2 ions on the luminescence properties of the transition-metal oxo-compounds depends strongly on their coordination. The compound BiTaO4 may have potential as a material for electromagnetic calorimetry.
Experimental Study on the Removal Process of Cobalt from Fly Ash using Different Solvents (2014)

In fly ash of thermal power plant, there are plenty of valuable metals, such as nickel, cobalt, iron. Recovery of valuable metals from fly ash not only protects the environment but also improves the utilization of resources. This study investigates the leaching process of cobalt from fly ash. A two-level three-factor full factorial design was successfully employed for experimental design and analysis of the results. The combined effects of type of solvent, concentration of solvent, time of stirring and temperature on the removal of cobalt were assessed using response surface methodology. The results showed that the maximum yield of cobalt 93% was obtained using 6 M hydrochloric acid as leaching solvent, at time of 68 min. and 45° C temperature.
Innovations in Water Clarification (1960)

Water filtration research and development was conducted by General Electric Company, Richland, Washington, at a small experimental filter plant at Hanford, Washington. The experimental work described here was done with Columbia River water. Other kinds of water may give different results. The purpose of the study was to support the operation of large‐scale plants that are required to produce very clear water at high filtration rates and low operating costs. A 5‐gpm experimental filter plant was operated for approximately 4 years. The principal achievements from the use of the plant are improved water filters, improved chemical treatment methods, and a demonstration of practical filtration with a flocculation time as short as 10 minutes, a settling time as short as 60 minutes, and a filtration rate as high as 10 gpm/sq ft. An improved chemical treatment method was developed that uses 5‐50 ppb of organic polyelectrolytes to control filter breakthrough. This treatment, used in conjunction with filters made of both O.4‐mm sand and 0.9‐ 1.5‐mm anthracite, makes it possible to filter water at very high rates without excessive head loss. The resulting filtered water is exceptionally clear, with less than 0.01 ppm turbidity. Results obtained in the experimental filter plant have been confirmed in large‐scale filtration plants.
Steady State Response of the Sperry Rate Gyrotron or Vibratory Gyroscope (1955)

A vibratory gyroscope or Gyrotron has been under development at the Sperry Gyroscope Company for the Bureau of Aeronautics as an instrument for measuring rate of turn. The instrument utilizes a tuning fork which undergoes a torsional vibration due to Coriolis forces when a rate of turn is applied. Thus, a familiar acoustical device is applied to the problem of control of aircraft. The absence of bearings gives it virtues of low electrical noise level, ruggedness, and long life. This paper presents a simplified analysis of the response of the instrument to steady rates of turn, with special emphasis on linearity considerations.
Additions to the rust fungi of New Zealand — 5 (1970)

Summary Seven rust species are recorded in New Zealand for the first time ( Phragmidium tuberculatum, Puccinia carthami, P. cnici, P. violae, Uromyces minor, U. rumicis, Uromycladium maritimum ). New host records are given for four species ( Puccinia allii, P. lagenophorae, Uredo spyridii, Uromyces nerviphilus ). Notes are given on three species ( Gymnosporangium clavariiforme, Phragmidium constrictum, Puccinia punctiformis ).
Feature size limit of liftoff metallization technology (1982)

The feature size limits for liftoff metallization technology are evaluated both experimentally and by computer simulation following Blech's model. The mechanism producing a smoothly sloped metallization pattern profile was also clarified. The simulation reveals that the average slope angle of the metallization pattern sidewalls is determined by the reverse mask topology, metallization thickness, and the maximum incident angle of the evaporation system used for the metallization deposition. Simulation results showed good coincidence with experimental results. It is shown that the average slope angle can be controlled between 20° and 70° with polyimide liftoff technology. Feature size limit, i.e., the minimum pitch of metallization patterns, is determined by the reverse mask topology and the maximum incident angle as well as by mechanical and chemical properties of the polyimide layer, but is independent of metallization thickness. In a sample application of the technology in the fabrication of interconnections on rugged LSI surfaces, the minimum pitch of the polyimide liftoff metallization patterns was estimated to be 2.6 µm.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand‐ and Base‐Free Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Controlled Switching Between Oxidative Heck and Conjugate Addition Reactions. (2013)

Abstract Switching between oxidative Heck and conjugated addition reaction on cyclic alkenes is achieved by a simple switch of the solvent.
A processor-coprocessor architecture for high end video applications (2002)

High end video applications are still implemented in hardware consisting of many components. Integration of these components on one IC is difficult as they are typically low volume products and often customization is also required, e.g. in studio applications. This is easier on the board level than on an integrated system. Using hardware parameters for customization can partly overcome the flexibility problem with additional hardware costs. Low cost can be obtained by a change in the architecture paradigm to a processor-coprocessor system. This, however, requires careful design space exploration since the performance target is beyond current DSP processors while at the same time flexibility is required. The paper presents the application of high level synthesis (D.D. Gajski et al., 1992) and novel hardware-software cosynthesis tools to design space exploration. It is shown that completely different algorithms can be mapped to the same target system at a much lower cost than the current approaches.
Development and optimization of an analytical method for the determination of UV filters in suntan lotions based on microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (2002)

Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC) has been applied to the separation of some UV filters (Eusolex 4360, Eusolex 6300, Eusolex OCR, Eusolex 2292, Eusolex 6007, Eusolex 9020, Eusolex HMS, Eusolex OS, and Eusolex 232) commonly found in suntan lotions. The composition of the microemulsion employed was optimized with respect to the best possible separation of the selected analytes using artificial neural networks (ANNs). Two parameters namely the composition of the mixed surfactant system comprising the anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and neutral Brij 35 and the amount of organic modifier (2-propanol) present in the aqueous phase of the microemulsion were modeled. Using an optimized MEEKC buffer consisting of 2.25 g SDS, 0.75 g Brij 35, 6.6 g 1-butanol, 0.8 g n-octane, 17.5 g 2-propanol, and 72.1 g of 10 mM borate buffer (pH 9.2), eight target analytes could be separated in under 25 min employing a diode-array detector to segregate the overlapping signals obtained for Eusolex 9020 and Eusolex HMS. Detection limits from 0.8 to 6.0 nug/mL were obtained and the calibration plots were linear over at least one order of magnitude. The optimized method could be applied to the determination of Eusolex 6300 and Eusolex 9020 in a commercial suntan lotion.
Comparison Between Human Sperm Preservation Medium and TEST‐Yolk Buffer on Protecting Chromatin and Morphology Integrity of Human Spermatozoa in Fertile and Subfertile Men After Freeze‐Thawing Procedure (2001)

The aim of this study was to identify the detrimental effect of the freeze-thaw process on chromatin integrity and morphology of human spermatozoa, and to determine whether human sperm preservation medium (HSPM) or TEST-yolk buffer (TYB) offers a better protection to spermatozoa from cryodamage after the freeze-thaw procedure. Thirty-five semen samples obtained from couples childless because of male factor infertility (subfertile men, group 1) and 25 semen samples from healthy, normal volunteers of proven fertility (group 2) were included in the study. Each semen sample was divided into 2 parts, the first part was mixed with HSPM and the other with TYB (1:1), and frozen with a controlled slow-stage freezer, before plunging into liquid nitrogen. Twelve smears from each semen sample were made before (n = 4) and after (n = 8) the freeze-thaw process. Chromatin structure was evaluated after staining using the acridine orange (AO) test, whereas morphology was analyzed according to strict criteria. The mean percentage of spermatozoa that exhibited normal morphology and intact chromatin structure was decreased after freeze-thaw in all samples treated with HSPM or TYB in comparison with the value observed in the native semen samples of both groups. However, TYB preserved chromatin and morphology significantly better than HSPM did (9.3% +/- 5.6% and 88.7% +/- 11.2% vs. 7.8% +/- 4.2% and 85.5% +/- 12.5%, respectively). Therefore, TYB could be recommended as a first choice cryoprotectant for semen preservation in order to avoid extra chromatin structure damage and morphology alterations of spermatozoa not only for patients pursuing assisted reproduction, but also for donor samples.
Implementation of the Object-Oriented Data Model TM (1991)

Generally, one expects to find the solution to the growing need for database support in non-traditional application domains in object-oriented data models. Currently, at the University of Twente, work is being done on the high-level object-oriented data model TM. TM is an object-oriented data model, based on an extension of the type theory of Cardelli. TM includes a logical formalism for constraint specification, which is an important aspect of the data model, and the notion of predicative sets. Predicative set expressions provide for a high-level, descriptive specification mechanism. Topics of research are the theoretical foundations of TM, as well as implementation aspects. Just as in case of relational database systems, algebraic optimization is expected to be an important aspect of efficient implementation of the data model. With this expectation in mind, we have defined the language ADL, an algebraic database language based on the functional programming language FP, designed by Ba...
Prognostic Value and Biological Role of the Kallikrein-Related Peptidases in Human Malignancies (2010)

Cancer is a substantial health problem for the populations of the Western world. The discovery of new molecular biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring patients' response to therapy can aid in combating this complicated disease. The human kallikrein-related peptidases (human tissue kallikreins [KLKs]) are encoded by a continuous multigene family, located on chromosomal region 19q13.3-4. KLK3 (prostate-specific antigen) is the most efficient cancer biomarker ever employed. KLK genes are expressed abnormally in various malignancies, where they affect cancer-cell growth and metastasis. Their deregulated expression pattern, often associated with various clinicopathological characteristics of cancer patients, can be exploited, solely or within multiparametric panels, as a prognostic biomarker. Recent data illustrate that discernible molecular modulations of KLKs, occurring as a result of cancer cells' treatment with antitumor agents, may serve as new potential biomarkers, possibly predicting patients' treatment response. It is believed that KLKs might be employed in future clinical practice as novel and effective tumor markers.
Microwave Resonator Filters for Advanced Wireless Systems (2009)

Getting Ph.D. was certainly a family endeavor, and my family has endured much sacrifice for the sake of my education. First I would like to thank my parents to whom my debt is simply infinite. I could not have accomplished what I did without their boundless love, sacrifice, support, and encouragement. My gratitude to my parents is more than that can be expressed in words. I also want to thank my brother, Jung Yup Lee, for taking tare of my parents while I was in America, and my wife Youn Goung Song for her love and support. During my Ph.D. study in the University of Michigan, I have been privileged to have Prof. Kamal Sarabandi as my advisor. I would like to thank him for proving me with the opportunity to conduct this Ph.D. research. I am grateful to him for his patient mentoring, supportive advising, and endless editing. I would also like to thank those who have served
Issues and Controversy: The Measurement of Crystalline Silica; Review Papers on Analytical Methods (1999)

This article reviews the analytical methods for crystalline silica polymorphs and summarizes promising techniques for compliance with health-related regulations. X-ray diffraction analysis appears to be the most promising method of determining quartz and cristobalite content at this threshold in many bulk mineral and chemical systems. Other analytical techniques can be used in some mineral and chemical assemblages, but usually lack polymorph specificity or sensitivity. All analytical methods benefit from concentration techniques that do not alter crystalline properties of silicas. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Analytical Method 7601 as written suffers from destruction of the mineral residue containing crystalline silica polymorphs after dissolution of many silicate minerals in phosphoric acid and may also include digestion-resistant silicate minerals, but it is a promising concentration method for other analytical methods such as NIOSH Analytical Method 7500 (X-ray diffraction).
Mutant Enzymatic and Cytological Phenotypes in Cultured Human Fibroblasts (1967)

Fibroblasts were cultured from the cells of two children who shared some characteristics of Hurler syndrome, but they did not show corneal clouding and excessive excretion of mucopolysaccharides. The fibroblasts differ from those of controls and of patients with typical Hurler syndrome or other mucopolysaccharidoses in that they have abundant cytoplasmic inclusions, striking diminutions in beta-glucuronidase, and elevations in acid phosphatase.
Prologue (1999)

Extra ecclesiam nulla salus — 'Outside of the Church there is no salvation' — was a position that the Catholic Church had held for nearly 750 years. In AD 1208 and again in AD 1215, Pope Innocent III had officially declared this extreme exclusivist position of the Catholic Church. This declaration came in the wake of conflicts and reconciliation with Waldensians, included also in the Fourth Lateran Council. Almost three hundred years later a protest against some teachings and many practices of the Catholic Church led by Martin Luther made the situation even worse. The Catholic Church took a strident stand against Luther's protest by excommunicating him and his followers from the membership of the Church. This brought about the second major break between the Catholic Church and those who challenged its official teachings, and in its wake there were further divisions. With it started also bickering and infighting among Christian churches which was to last for the next four hundred years. The Protestants' several allegations against the Catholic Church included the claim that it had lost its true character and had wandered far away from the original plans of its founder, Jesus Christ. Both the Catholics and the Protestants flung various allegations at each other for four centuries.KeywordsCommunicative PracticeChristian ChurchChristian CommunicationHindu TempleVatican CouncilThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Pharmacology of Novel Heteroaromatic Polycycle Antibacterials (2003)

Heteroaromatic polycycle (HARP) compounds are a novel class of small (M(w), 600 to 650) DNA-binding antibacterials. HARP compounds exhibit a novel mechanism of action by preferentially binding to AT-rich sites commonly found in bacterial promoters and replication origins. Noncovalent binding in the minor groove of DNA results in inhibition of DNA replication and DNA-dependent RNA transcription and subsequent bacterial growth. HARP compounds have previously been shown to have potent in vitro activities against a broad spectrum of gram-positive organisms. The present report describes the extensive profiling of the in vitro and in vivo pharmacology of HARP antibacterials. The efficacies of representative compounds (GSQ-2287, GSQ-10547, and GSQ-11203), which exhibited good MIC activity, were tested in murine lethal peritonitis and neutropenic thigh infection models following intravenous (i.v.) administration. All compounds were efficacious in vivo, with potencies generally correlating with MICs. GSQ-10547 was the most potent compound in vitro and in vivo, with a 50% effective dose in the murine lethal peritonitis model of 7 mg/kg of body weight against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and 13 mg/kg against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). In the neutropenic mouse thigh infection model, GSQ-11203 reduced the bacterial load (MRSA and MSSA) 2 log units following administration of a 25-mg/kg i.v. dose. In a murine lung infection model, treatment with GSQ-10547 at a dose of 50 mg/kg resulted in 100% survival. In addition to determination of efficacy in animals, the pharmacokinetic and tissue disposition profiles in animals following administration of an i.v. dose were determined. The compounds were advanced into broad safety screening studies, including screening for safety pharmacology, genotoxicity, and rodent toxicity. The results support further development of this novel class of antibiotics.
Intelligence and the Machinery of Government (2010)

This article argues that the failure to address intelligence agencies as public organizations part and parcel with the overt machinery of government constitutes a significant lacuna both in the specialist study of intelligence and the broader discipline of public administration studies. The role and status of intelligence institutions as aspects of the machinery of central government is examined, along with the prospects of certain key paradigms in the field for understanding those institutions are considered. Finally, the implications for the wider study of decision-making, policy and public management will be examined.
Recent Developments in Polymer MEMS (2007)

Abstract Polymer materials, including elastomers, plastics and fibers, are being actively used for MEMS sensors and actuators. Polymer materials provide many advantages in terms of cost, mechanical properties, and ease of processing. In addition, polymers are being investigated for displays, memory, and circuitry. However, the incorporation of polymers for structural or functional purposes in MEMS systems raises new issues and challenges. This article provides a comprehensive review of the recent state of the art of polymer based MEMS—including materials, fabrication processes, and representative devices, including microfluidic valves and tactile sensors. Frequently used materials are reviewed, including polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), parylene, nanocomposite elastomers, and SU‐8 epoxy.