gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Keeping Hope Alive: Mentoring African American Male Social Workers and Students (2013)

In this article, I describe the forces that influenced my decision to become a social worker and mentor.  I detail the relationship between growing up as a “Y Kid” and my decision to become engaged in the life-long mentoring process.  While telling my story, I explore value-driven role modeling, the process of selecting mentees and mentors through attraction rather than promotion, and the concept of developmental networks.  Finally, I share the lessons learned from more than fifty years of involvement in the mentoring process.
New approaches to operating system security extensibility (2021)

This dissertation proposes new approaches to commodity computer operating system (OS) access control extensibility that address historic problems with concurrency and technology transfer. Access control extensibility addresses a lack of consensus on operating system policy model at a time when security requirements are in flux: OS vendors, anti-virus companies, firewall manufacturers, smart phone developers, and application writers require new tools to express policies tailored to their needs. By proposing principled approaches to access control extensibility, this work allows OS security to be “designed in” yet remain flexible in the face of diverse and changing requirements. I begin by analysing system call interposition, a popular extension technology used in security research and products, and reveal fundamental and readily exploited concurrency vulnerabilities. Motivated by these failures, I propose two security extension models: the TrustedBSD Mandatory Access Control (MAC) Framework, a flexible kernel access control extension framework for the FreeBSD kernel, and Capsicum, practical capabilities for UNIX. The MAC Framework, a research project I began before starting my PhD, allows policy modules to dynamically extend the kernel access control policy. The framework allows policies to integrate tightly with kernel synchronisation, avoiding race conditions inherent to system call interposition, as well as offering reduced development and technology transfer costs for new security policies. Over two chapters, I explore the framework itself, and its transfer to and use in several products: the open source FreeBSD operating system, nCircle’s enforcement appliances, and Apple's Mac OS X and iOS operating systems. Capsicum is a new application-centric capability security model extending POSIX. Capsicum targets application writers rather than system designers, reflecting a trend towards security-aware applications such as Google’s Chromium web browser, that map distributed security policies into often inadequate local primitives. I compare Capsicum with other sandboxing techniques, demonstrating improved performance, programmability, and security. This dissertation makes original contributions to challenging research problems in security and operating system design. Portions of this research have already had a significant impact on industry practice.
Clonal evolution of t(14;18) follicular lymphomas demonstrated by immunoglobulin genes and the 18q21 major breakpoint region. (1987)

A 2.8-kilobase major breakpoint region on chromosome segment 18q21 is the site of most t(14;18) translocations typical of human follicular lymphomas. Breaks are focused at the 5' end of joining (JH) regions of immunoglobulin (Ig) on chromosome 14, indicating that the translocation occurs at a pre-B-cell stage during attempted heavy (H) chain joining. A new gene from 18q21 (Bcl-2) is placed in the H chain locus creating a unique, translocation-specific JH;18q21 rearrangement that presumably represents a transformation event. In addition, normal Ig gene joining occurs in a H before light (L) chain and K before lambda cascade, creating ordered clonal markers. These serial markers were examined to determine if variations in Ig gene patterns during the natural history of lymphomas represent the emergence of truly separate neoplasms or heterogeneity of a single neoplasm. We examined 45 serial biopsies from 16 B follicular lymphoma patients; six cases showed variation in Ig gene patterns over time. Seven individuals had a detectable JH;18q21 rearrangement present, and it remained unchanged over 5-10 years. Further rearrangements of H chain genes occurred on the normal chromosome 14 within evolving subclones of the original tumor. Lambda L chains also underwent additional rearrangements in two instances, while K gene patterns remained unchanged. All variations in the normal H and L chain genes were 2 degrees rearrangements occurring at a mature B-cell stage following the initial successful rearrangement of a H and L chain. In contrast the t(14;18) breakpoint was conserved in each individual, indicating that evolving neoplastic subpopulations arose from a common clonal progenitor cell.
An open architecture for holonic cooperation and autonomy (2002)

The paper examines some issues relating to an open architecture for holon cooperation and autonomy. We identify the requirements of a holonic system architecture and discuss the merits of our approach in comparison with classic agent-based models. A suitable architecture to satisfy these requirements is also presented, together with a discussion of the holonic kernel needed to support distributed holonic control. The material presented is based on results from the international programme on Holonic Manufacturing Systems (HMS).
An instrumentation amplifier based readout circuit for a dual element microbolometer infrared detector (2014)

The infrared band is widely used in many applications to solve problems stretching over very diverse fields, ranging from medical applications like inflammation detection to military, security and safety applications employing thermal imaging in low light conditions. At the heart of these optoelectrical systems lies a sensor used to detect incident infrared radiation, and in the case of this work our focus is on uncooled microbolometers as thermal detectors. Microbolometer based thermal detectors are limited in sensitivity by various parameters, including the detector layout and design, operating temperature, air pressure and biasing that causes self heating. Traditional microbolometers use the entire membrane surface for a single detector material. This work presents the design of a readout circuit amplifier where a dual detector element microbolometer is used, rather than the traditional single element. The concept to be investigated is based on the principle that both elements will be stimulated with a similar incoming IR signal and experience the same resistive change, thus creating a common mode signal. However, such a common mode signal will be rejected by a differential amplifier, thus one element is placed within a negative resistance converter to create a differential mode signal that is twice the magnitude of the comparable single mode signal of traditional detector designs. An instrumentation amplifier is used for the final stage of the readout amplifier circuit, as it allows for very high common mode rejection with proper trimming of the Wheatstone bridge to compensate for manufacturing tolerance. It was found that by implementing the above, improved sensitivity can be achieved.
Polymer melts and mixtures (2006)

An Introduction to Soft Matter (Gerhard Gompper and Michael Schick). 1 Polymer Dynamics in Melts (Andreas Wischnewski and Dieter Richter). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 What is a Polymer? 1.3 Experimental Techniques. 1.4 Static Properties. 1.5 Brownian Motion, Viscous and Entropic Forces: the Rouse Model. 1.6 Topological Constraints: the Tube Concept. 1.7 Limiting Mechanisms for Reptation I: CLF. 1.8 Limiting Mechanisms for Reptation II: CR. 1.9 Summary and Outlook. 2 Self-Consistent Field Theory and Its Applications (Mark W. Matsen). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Gaussian Chain. 2.3 Gaussian Chain in an External Field. 2.4 Strong-Stretching Theory (SST): the Classical Path. 2.5 Analogy with Quantum/Classical Mechanics. 2.6 Mathematical Techniques and Approximations. 2.7 Polymer Brushes. 2.8 Polymer Blends. 2.9 Block Copolymer Melts. 2.10 Current Track Record and Future Outlook for SCFT. 2.11 Beyond SCFT: Fluctuation Corrections. 2.12 Appendix: The Calculus of Functionals. 3 Comparison of Self-Consistent Field Theory and Monte Carlo Simulations (Marcus Muller). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Polymer Blends. 3.3 Liquid-Vapor Interfaces. 3.4 Outlook. 3.5 Appendix. Index.
Numerical Evaluation of CO2 Effects in Thermal Oil Recovery Processes (1992)

Abstract Up-to-date relations for oil/water-CO2 thermodynamics have been implemented in SARIP 1, the IFP compositionnal thermal simulator. Several field and laboratory cases of steam-CO2 injection and of in-situ combustion axe presented and discussed. In thermal processes, gaseous and oil-dissolved CO2 may improve the final oil recovery in thermal processes by only a few percent but significantly accelerate the oil recovery rate. CO2 dissolution in water, which is slightly detrimental, needs only to be taken into account at high water saturations.
A framework for trajectory segmentation by stable criteria (2014)

We present an algorithmic framework for criteria-based segmentation of trajectories that can efficiently process a large class of criteria. Criteria-based segmentation is the problem of subdividing a trajectory into a small number of parts such that each part satisfies a global criterion. Our framework can handle criteria that are stable, in the sense that these do not change their validity along the trajectory very often. This includes both increasing and decreasing monotone criteria. Our framework takes O(n log n) time for preprocessing and computation, where n is the number of data points. It surpasses the two previous algorithmic frameworks on criteria-based segmentation, which could only handle decreasing monotone criteria, or had a quadratic running time, respectively. Furthermore, we develop an efficient data structure for interactive parameter selection, and provide mechanisms to improve the exact position of break points in the segmentation. We demonstrate and evaluate our framework by performing case studies on real-world data sets.
A new design tool to protect industrial long-cable PWM ASD systems against high-frequency overvoltage problems (2008)

This work presents a new tool for use in the design of long-cable adjustable-speed drive (ASD) systems. It allows coordination between the inverter, the motor and the cable type and length in order to protect the motor against overvoltages due to the reflected wave. Detailed mathematical formulas describing the transient voltage and current along the cable are first developed in the frequency domain. Then, by applying the boundary conditions at the cable ends and assuming a lossless cable, delay equations are developed in the time domain. Using these equations, an appropriate simulation scheme is built with the SimPowerSystems (SPS) and Simulink modules of the MATLAB software environment to compute the high-frequency overvoltages (and their associated currents) at the ends of the feeding cable. The proposed tool has been applied to a 5 kVA industrial ASD prototype using a four-wire shielded long cable. The paper includes simulation results and experimental validations.
Process and Reliability of Large Fan-Out Wafer Level Package Based Package-on-Package (2017)

This paper presents, the development of large multi-chip fan-out wafer level package (FOWLP) based Package-on-Package (PoP) using mold-First FOLWP integration flow for mobile applications. As part of this development, conventional mold-First FOWLP wafer reconstruction process has been optimized and selected key materials to overcome the challenges such as die shift, die protrusion, warpage. Fine pitch multi-layer RDL of LW/LS of 5μm/5μm fabrication, through mold via (TMV) formation, thin wafer handling for backside RDL and PoP assembly processes were also optimized. TMV process using laser drilling and sidewall plated Cu with polymer filling has been demonstrated. Using these optimized processes multi-chip FOWLP of 15 mm × 15 mm with double side RDL and high I/O count ~1360 I/Os at 400μm pitch was successfully demonstrated. Assembly process flow was optimized for PoP assembly on test boards, and build the PoP samples for reliability testing. FOWLP PoP samples were passed component level tests like MST L1, MST L3, HAST, MST L1+TC and board level tests 500 TCOB cycles and 30 drops of board level drop test.
Influence of Farming Practices in Alberta on Germination and Apothecium Production of Sclerotia of <i>Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum</i> (1980)

(1980). Influence of Farming Practices in Alberta on Germination and Apothecium Production of Sclerotia of Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology: Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 169-172.
Generation of alginate microfibers with a roller-assisted microfluidic system (2008)

This work describes a convenient microfluidic strategy with a simple and minimal-requirement design for the generation of uniformly-sized alginate gel fibers with diameters one order of magnitude smaller than those formed in conventional methods. Different from common microfluidic methods, our system contains a single microchannel through which alginate solutions are transported and squeezed into a calcium chloride solution. Ca2+ ions immediately cross link the alginate solution into a gel state that is collected with a rotor. We use microchannels to define the initial size of the alginate fibers and a roller to further reduce the fiber size (diameter) by one order of magnitude down to approximately 1 microm. The size of the formed fibers can be well controlled by adjusting the corresponding parameters, and be predicted with a simple equation. In addition, various functional materials (colloidal particles, bacteria and nanoparticles) have been encapsulated into the gel fibers with this technique.
Analyte Peptidomimetics Selected from Phage Display Peptide Libraries:  A Systematic Strategy for the Development of Environmental Immunoassays (2005)

Due to their simplicity, speed, low cost, and specificity, immunoassays have become a useful tool for the analysis of environmental pollutants. Once the anti-hapten antibodies are produced, the same hapten or a related molecule is conjugated to a tracer enzyme or coating protein to set up the assay. Here we report the use of peptides that mimic the analyte as advantageous substitutes of competing haptens. These peptides, which open opportunities for innovation in the development of tracer reagents, can be selected from phage display libraries in a straightforward systematic manner. The concept was proven using assays for the herbicides molinate and atrazine as model systems. Several characteristics of the selection process that may affect the final assay were analyzed, such as the phage coat proteins fused to the peptide, the use of linear or constrained peptide libraries, the effect of the concentration of analyte used during the selection process, and the use of monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies as selector molecules. In all cases we found that the selected peptides performed with improved sensitivity as compared with the chemical hapten conventional assays, showing an analogous cross-reactivity pattern. Interestingly, the phage particles perform as robust and highly standardized assay reagents, and due to their filamentous repetitive structure, they function as sensitive multienzymatic reporters.
Characterization of the Reacting Flowfield in a Liquid-Fueled Stagnation Point Reverse Flow Combustor (2007)

The Stagnation Point Reverse Flow (SPRF) combustor has been shown to operate stably while producing ultra-low NOx emissions over a range of loadings and equivalence ratios in both gas and liquid fueled operation. In nonpremixed gaseous operation, low NOx levels have been attributed to initial shielding of fuel from hot products allowing internal premixing of fuel and air to nearly the global equivalence ratio before burning. Various optical diagnostic techniques, such as chemiluminescence imaging and laser scattering, are employed to elucidate the combustion processes of this novel combustor in liquid-fueled operation. While the overall flow features are similar for both gas and liquid fuels, the combustion characteristics and NOx performance are strongly controlled by fuel dispersion and evaporation in liquid operation. Here, fuel dispersion is controlled by varying the placement of the fuel injector, which is centrally located within the annular air inlet tube. When the liquid injector is located in plane with the exit of the air annulus, the fuel remains initially shielded from the high temperature return products (similar to the gaseous case) producing a highly lifted flame. On the other hand, injecting the liquid upstream produces a more well-dispersed fuel pattern at the reactant inlet. This leads to a reduction of the equivalence ratio in the fuel consuming reaction zones. Hence the NOx emissions were found to be lower for this less shielded injector configuration over the range of global equivalence ratios and loadings investigated. Thus it is conjectured that the added delay caused by fuel evaporation before mixing and combustion can occur, changes the optimal shielding required for liquid-fueled operation.
Intraoperative radiotherapy in stage I and II lung cancer (1987)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in both men and women in the United States. Treatment depends on the type and stage of lung cancer. For stage I and II cancer, surgery is usually the treatment of choice. Radiation therapy is used in patients who are considered poor risks for surgical resection. Intraoperative brachytherapy is an effective alternative to external irradiation in this group of patients. From 1958 to 1984, 55 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer were explored at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and found to have surgical stage I or II tumors, which were considered to be unresectable mainly because of severe obstructive pulmonary disease precluding adequate resection. All these patients were treated with intraoperative brachytherapy at the time of the thoracotomy. Forty-four percent of these patients received in addition external irradiation, mainly to the mediastinum. The overall 5-year survival calculated by the Kaplan-Meier Method was 32%, and the local disease-free survival was 63%. Cox regression multivariant analysis demonstrated that there is a distinct subgroup with a better prognosis based on tumor site and patient's age--ie, patients who were younger than 58 years of age and had right-side lesions.
The Effect of Wrist Guards on Bone Strain in the Distal Forearm (1999)

There are increasing epidemiologic and biomechanical data suggesting that wrist guards are effective in preventing wrist injuries in snowboarders and in-line skaters. However, there have been few studies designed to determine how they function. In this study we explored the load-sharing function of wrist guards at subfailure loading levels. To do so, we measured bone strain in the distal radius, distal ulna, and midshaft of the radius in cadaveric forearms with and without two types of commercially available wrist guards. We also measured construct stiffness and energy absorption during testing. Our most significant findings were that dorsal and volar distal radius bone strain were reduced with both wrist guards, and wrist guards increased energy absorption. We also found a reduction in dorsal distal ulnar bone strain, but only with the one guard in which the volar plate was elevated off the heel of the hand. In our loading configuration, wrist guards did not increase bone strain at the radial midshaft. These findings provide insight into how wrist guards protect the wrist: during low-energy falls they function partly by load-sharing, as well as by absorbing impact energy.
GaAs-Based Serial-Input-Parallel-Output Interfaces for Microwave Core-Chips (2021)

Microwave core-chips are highly integrated MMICs that are in charge of all the beam-shaping functions of a transmit-receive module within a phased array system. Such chips include switches, amplifiers and attenuators, phase shifters, and possibly other elements, each to be controlled by external digital signals. Given the large number of control lines to be integrated in a core-chip, the embedding of a serial to parallel interface is indispensable. Digital design in compound semiconductor technology is still rather challenging due to the absence of complementary devices and the availability of a limited number of metallization layers. Moreover, in large arrays, high chip yield and repeatability are required. This paper discusses and compares challenges and solutions for the key sub-circuits of GaAs serial to parallel converters for core-chip applications, reviewing the pros and cons of the different implementations proposed in the literature.
Analysis of a Positional Candidate Gene for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: NRAMP2 (2000)

Genome scans have identified a region spanning 40 cM on the long arm of chromosome 12 as a susceptibility locus for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This locus contains several candidate genes for IBD, one of which is the gene for the natural resistance associated macrophage protein 2 (NRAMP2). This protein is a divalent cation transporter and is expressed in many cells and tissues. The putative role of this protein in innate immunity prompted us to investigate a possible relationship between NRAMP2 and IBD. We assessed the frequency of four restriction fragment length polymorphisms (IVS2+11A/G, IVS4+44C/A, 1254T/C, and IVS15Ex16-16C/G) in a group of 155 Crohn's disease (CD) patients, 114 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, and 189 healthy controls. Linkage analysis was performed in a group of 70 families with multiple members suffering from IBD. We searched for additional intragenic markers and mutations by sequence analysis of the natural resistance-associated macrophage 2 gene of 33 CD patients, with a positive family history for IBD. We identified one novel restriction fragment length polymorphism in intron 15 of the gene. The frequency of the rare allele is: 0.08 in our control population. An increased frequency of this allele was found in CD patients but this difference did not reach statistical significance. A weak association between CD and homozygosity for the G allele of the IVS2+11A/G was found (OR [odds ratio] = 2.2, CI [confidence interval] = 1.3-3.9, chi2 = 8.4, p = 1.013). Nonparametric linkage analysis and transmissions disequilibrium tests did not provide evidence for linkage of NRAMP2 to IBD, UC, or CD. Sequence analysis of the exons and the iron-responsive element in a panel of 33 CD patients did not reveal any mutations in NRAMP2. Our association, linkage, and sequence analysis in IBD shows that the putative genetic risk factor on chromosome 12 likely is not NRAMP2. The weak association between the G/G genotype of IVS2+11A/G and CD may be due to linkage disequilibrium with a nearby disease-causing gene.