gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantification of Two Fluorophores’ Concentration Ratio in a Mice Model in Preparation for a Proposed Method for Early Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease (2018)

Many biomedical applications require concentration measurements of biological compounds, which may be achieved using targeted fluorescent probes. It has been shown that the ratio between amyloid-Beta and tau protein in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a good indicator of incipient Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We have previously proposed a method that can accurately estimate the concentration ratio of these two proteins without the need to collect CSF samples: Fluorescent probes are injected to the blood and bind to the CSF biomarkers. A miniature needle with an optical fiber excites the fluorescent probes and collects the fluorescence emission. The concentration ratio between the proteins is estimated, and used for diagnosis of incipient AD. We present here the results of the method’s concentration ratio estimation during trials performed on mice. Miniature tubes containing two fluorescent probes in several concentration ratios were implanted in two locations in the mice: subcutaneously, and deeper in the abdomen. The fluorescent probes were excited and the fluorescence intensity was measured. The concentration ratios were estimated from the fluorescence intensities with an average error of less than 20%. This study is a step towards the demonstration of the method in in vivo studies in mice with markers in the bloodstream/CSF.
Volcanic output of long‐lived radon daughters (1982)

The concentrations of long‐lived radon daughters have been measured in the exhausts of 11 volcanoes throughout the world. More particularly, the 210 Po activities measured were 10 5 –10 6 times higher than in a typical atmosphere. A total volcanic 210 Po output of 5×10 4 Ci/yr can be estimated by balancing the total deposition (9×10 4 Ci/yr), the atmospheric production (3×10 4 Ci/yr), and the other extra sources (1×10 4 Ci/yr) of this nuclide. Therefore it seems possible to normalize the volcanic production of volatile elements to this 210 Po output.
Cancer of the Penis (1988)

After reading the article, however, I must express my disappointment.As someone with a practice in male sexual dysfunction at a tertiary level, I felt that the article is about five years behind the state of the art.No mention was made of the use of the pharmacologic treatment of erections, which hashelpedmany patients.Iwas also disappointed that dynamic infusion caver nosometry and cavernosography were not mentioned.Too much emphasis was also given to the separation of psychological and organic impotency.Male sexual dys function is now considered to be an inte grated problem caused by a combination of psychological and physical factors.The shortcomings of nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) testing were also not mentioned.NPT should be replaced by dy namic infusion cavernosometry and caver nosography testing.The authors also indi cate that self-contained inflatable penile prostheses are easily manipulated, which is not always the case.Overall, my intent is not to be critical, but it is important to educate both our col leagues and the public about the causes and treatment of male sexual dysfunction.
Fertility of Lactating Dairy Cows Treated with Ovsynch after Presynchronization Injections of PGF2α and GnRH (2002)

Synchronization of ovulation (Ovsynch) using GnRH and PGF2 alpha allows control of follicle growth, corpus luteum regression, and ovulation, but resulting pregnancy rates vary. This study examined whether presynchronization to allow initiation of Ovsynch during diestrus would improve pregnancy rates at timed artificial insemination (AI). Lactating dairy cows (n = 427), 69 to 75 d postpartum, were randomly assigned to two groups by parity. Control cows received Ovsynch (GnRH, d 0; PGF2 alpha, d 7; GnRH, d 9; timed AI 16 h after second GnRH). Treated cows received presynchronization injections of PGF2 alpha and GnRH, 10 and 7 d, respectively, before starting Ovsynch. Pregnancy diagnoses were performed 36 d after AI. Progesterone (P4) concentrations from a subset of cows (n = 84) were determined in serum samples collected on d 0, 3, and 7 of Ovsynch. Presynchronization increased the percentages of cows with > or = 1 ng/ml serum P4 compared with control cows at first injection of GnRH (d 0; 93 vs. 56%) and on d 3 (90.7 vs. 51.2%) during Ovsynch. On day of PGF2 alpha, d 7 during Ovsynch, percentages of cows with > or = 1 ng/ml serum P4 were similar (95.3%, treated vs. 82.9%, control) but more treated cows had > or = 2 ng/ml serum P4 (95.3 vs. 63.4%). However, pregnancy to timed AI was similar between treated (41.5%) and control cows (38.3%). Cows with above-average milk production had greater pregnancy rate (45.8 vs. 33.8%) compared with lower producing cows. Although presynchrony increased the proportion of cows with luteal function at onset of Ovsynch, pregnancy rate to timed AI was not improved. Cows with above-average milk production had greater fertility at timed AI than herdmates with lower milk production.
Interaction between carbon nanotubes and mammalian cells: characterization by flow cytometry and application (2008)

We show herein that CNT-cell complexes are formed in the presence of a magnetic field. The complexes were analyzed by flow cytometry as a quantitative method for monitoring the physical interactions between CNTs and cells. We observed an increase in side scattering signals, where the amplitude was proportional to the amount of CNTs that are associated with cells. Even after the formation of CNT-cell complexes, cell viability was not significantly decreased. The association between CNTs and cells was strong enough to be used for manipulating the complexes and thereby conducting cell separation with magnetic force. In addition, the CNT-cell complexes were also utilized to facilitate electroporation. We observed a time constant from CNT-cell complexes but not from cells alone, indicating a high level of pore formation in cell membranes. Experimentally, we achieved the expression of enhanced green fluorescence protein by using a low electroporation voltage after the formation of CNT-cell complexes. These results suggest that higher transfection efficiency, lower electroporation voltage, and miniaturized setup dimension of electroporation may be accomplished through the CNT strategy outlined herein.
Competitive reactions of fluorine and oxygen with W, WSi2, and Si surfaces in reactive ion etching using CF4/O2 (1989)

We have studied CF4/O2 based plasma and reactive ion etching of dc magnetron-sputtered tungsten, chemical vapor deposited tungsten silicide and single-crystal silicon. Etch rates and optical emission intensities of atomic fluorine and oxygen in the gas phase were determined as a function of gas composition. Etched surfaces were characterized using in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low-energy ion scattering spectrometry. All three materials exhibit an etch rate maximum as a function of oxygen addition. For silicon (7% O2) and WSi2 (10% O2) it occurs for a smaller percentage of added oxygen than the optical emission maximum of atomic fluorine (15% O2), whereas for W films (35% O2) it occurs at a greater percentage of added oxygen. In postplasma XPS analysis it is shown that for all materials the etch rate decrease coincides with the onset of significant oxidation. From the analysis of the degree of fluorination of the top surface, the oxygen/fluorine ratio of the reaction layer, and the oxygen percentage of the etch rate maximum relative to the fluorine emission maximum, we conclude that the etching of Si and WSi2 is limited by a reduction of fluorine adsorption because of competitive oxygen adsorption. For tungsten, which shows a very low degree of fluorination of the top surface, both the drop in etch rate and the formation of tungsten oxide can be explained by a reduced arrival rate of fluorine atoms to the tungsten surface when etching in oxygen-rich gas mixtures.
Short-term local weather forecast using dense weather station by deep neural network (2018)

This paper proposes a very-short-term, i.e., less than 1-hour, local weather forecast method. In general, a short-term weather forecast within 3 hours is difficult due to lack of surface weather data and limitations of computation resources. However, such a short-term prediction is getting more and more anticipated in several industrial situations such as transportation, retailing business, agriculture, and energy management as well as our daily life. To keep up with this huge demands, services based on very-short-term weather forecast began to be provided. Data sources for such kind of forecast are private company-owned surface sensor networks in addition to nation-owned surface sensors. Some surface weather sensors of private companies are more densely distributed than nation-owned sensors. We call these surface weather sensor network as dense weather stations. Among them, for example, POTEKA sensors are located in roughly every 2 to 3 km and provide observed data every minute through mobile network. Those dense sensors are spreading its locations over the world. However, a data mining technique for such a device has not been well developed. In this paper, we propose a deep learning architecture specifically developed for the short-term weather forecasting based on the dense weather station device. Our proposal consists of two folds: point prediction model and tensor prediction model. The point prediction model is useful for forecasting exactly on the location of the dense weather station. The tensor prediction model interpolate the prediction of the point prediction model to cover whole range of locations around the interested area. It is shown that our model outperforms the existing state-of-the-art methods such as XGBoost and support vector machines using a large real observed data.
Nucleotide sequence of testis-derived c-abl cDNAs: implications for testis-specific transcription and abl oncogene activation. (1987)

The c-abl gene codes for a protein-tyrosine kinase and is expressed in most examined murine cell types as two distinct mRNA species of 5.5 kilobases (kb) and 6.5 kb. In mouse testis, an additional species of 4.0 kb is expressed in very high levels. To study the interrelationship between various c-abl transcripts and to compare their sequence with the v-abl transcript, we prepared c-abl-specific cDNA clones from mouse testis and determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the 4.0-kb cDNA that appears to be the reverse transcript of the testis-specific mRNA. In addition, we have determined the 3' sequence of an additional clone derived from the larger mRNA species that is expressed in somatic as well as germ-line cells. These cDNA sequences have been compared with the v-abl sequences to understand the mechanism of activation of this oncogene. The results demonstrate that (i) testis-specific c-abl mRNAs arise as a result of 3' truncation, and (ii) the v-abl gene has arisen from its cellular homologue as a result of an extensive deletional/mutational process.
Comparative evaluation of (1, 3)-β-D-glucan, mannan and anti-mannan antibodies, and Candidaspecies-specific snPCR in patients with candidemia (2007)

The observations made in this study reinforce the diagnostic value of snPCR in the sensitive and specific diagnosis of candidemia and detection of more than one Candida species in a given patient. Additionally, in the absence of a positive blood culture, snPCR detected Candida DNA in sera of more than half of the clinically suspected patients. While detection of BDG, mannan and anti-mannan antibodies singly or in combination could help enhancing sensitivity and eliminating false positive tests, a more extensive evaluation of these assays in sequentially collected serum samples is required to assess their value in the early diagnosis of candidemia.
The Preparation of Certain Carbon-functional Silathiols and Silathio Esters (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of Certain Carbon-functional Silathiols and Silathio EstersPaul F. Gawrys and Howard W. PostCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 2, 634–635Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01049a512https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01049a512research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views53Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Micro-architectural support for metadata coherence in multi-core dynamic information flow tracking (2013)

Dynamic information flow tracking (DIFT) has shown to be an effective security measure for detecting both memory corruption attacks and semantic attacks at run-time on a wild range of systems from embedded systems and mobile devices to cloud computing. When applying DIFT to multi-thread applications running on multi-core architectures, the data processing and metadata processing are normally decoupled, i.e., being performed in different places at different times. Therefore, if the metadata access is not in the same order as data access, inconsistency issues may arise, which would reduce the security effectiveness of DIFT. Avoiding such inconsistency between data access and metadata access, i.e., maintaining metadata coherence, has become a challenging issue. In this paper, we propose METACE (METAdata Coherence Enforcement). METACE includes architectural enhancement in the memory management unit and leverages the existing cache coherence hardware and protocol to enforce metadata coherence. It introduces minimum changes to cores, coprocessors, and the memory hierarchy. It covers the complete set of data dependencies without deadlocks and is compatible with different memory consistency models. Our approach does not require modification of the source code. METACE supports out-of-order metadata access resulting in less performance degradation than previous approaches.
Fabrication of Ge1−xMnxTe ferromagnetic fine structure using phase change technology (2001)

We present a novel fabrication method of desirable ferromagnetic fine structure patterns in an amorphous GeMnTe film by using phase change optical disk technology. The a-Ge1−xMnxTe films are prepared by the rf sputtering and ionized-cluster beam (ICB) methods. The characteristics of crystalline wire fabricated by irradiating a laser beam in a-Ge1−xMnxTe films are reported. The ferromagnetic crystalline wire pattern of 1 μm in width is successfully formed in this experiment. The magnetic property of crystalline wire for the sputtering methods is similar to that for the ICB method. Magnetoresistance exhibits the negative in both cases of the magnetic fields applied along the longitudinal and transverse directions of crystalline wires. Through the measurement of the magnetic field angular dependence of magnetroresistance, anisotropic magnetoresistance-like behavior is observed in a diluted magnetic semiconductor system.
Collaborative Writing Support Tools on the Cloud (2010)

Academic writing, individual or collaborative, is an essential skill for today's graduates. Unfortunately, managing writing activities and providing feedback to students is very labor intensive and academics often opt out of including such learning experiences in their teaching. We describe the architecture for a new collaborative writing support environment used to embed such collaborative learning activities in engineering courses. iWrite provides tools for managing collaborative and individual writing assignments in large cohorts. It outsources the writing tools and the storage of student content to third party cloud-computing vendors (i.e., Google). We further describe how using machine learning and NLP techniques, the architecture provides automated feedback, automatic question generation, and process analysis features.
Mesoscopic Facial Geometry Inference Using Deep Neural Networks (2018)

We present a learning-based approach for synthesizing facial geometry at medium and fine scales from diffusely-lit facial texture maps. When applied to an image sequence, the synthesized detail is temporally coherent. Unlike current state-of-the-art methods [17, 5], which assume "dark is deep", our model is trained with measured facial detail collected using polarized gradient illumination in a Light Stage [20]. This enables us to produce plausible facial detail across the entire face, including where previous approaches may incorrectly interpret dark features as concavities such as at moles, hair stubble, and occluded pores. Instead of directly inferring 3D geometry, we propose to encode fine details in high-resolution displacement maps which are learned through a hybrid network adopting the state-of-the-art image-to-image translation network [29] and super resolution network [43]. To effectively capture geometric detail at both mid- and high frequencies, we factorize the learning into two separate sub-networks, enabling the full range of facial detail to be modeled. Results from our learning-based approach compare favorably with a high-quality active facial scanhening technique, and require only a single passive lighting condition without a complex scanning setup.
Simultaneous Injection of Water and Polymer (SIWAP) to Improve Oil Recovery and Sweep Efficiency from Layered Carbonate Reservoirs (2011)

Abstract A new EOR scheme is proposed to improve sweep efficiency and oil recovery from heterogeneous mixed to oil-wet carbonate reservoirs. The reservoir under study is a highly heterogeneous and layered reservoir which can be described at a high level as consisting of two main bodies, i.e., an Upper zone and a Lower zone with a permeability contrast of up to a factor of 100. The main recovery mechanism currently applied is water flooding. Field data shows that injected water tends to travel quickly through the Upper zone along the high permeability layers and bypasses the low permeable Lower zone, which results in poor sweep of the Lower zone. It has been demonstrated in earlier publications that this water override phenomenon is caused by capillary forces which act as a vertical barrier and counteract gravity for mixed or oil-wet reservoirs. Polymer flooding has been proposed to improve sweep efficiency in heterogeneous reservoirs. In this paper we propose a new polymer based EOR option in which the water and polymer are injected simultaneously into the Lower and Upper zones, respectively. Injection of polymer into Upper zone serves to minimize cross-flow of injected water from the Lower zone and improves the sweep efficiency of both Upper and Lower zones. Compared to polymer injection alone, a much lower volume of polymer is required which has a significant positive impact on cost of this EOR process. Numerical simulations have been performed using a history matched sector model. The model forecasts show that significant sweep improvement of the Lower zone is achieved compared to conventional water or gas injection. The results also show that the process is stable and robust to reservoir lateral and vertical heterogeneity, variation in polymer viscosity and that the amount of polymer that is used can be limited by only injecting a polymer slug of 0.1 to 0.2 pore volume. It is also shown that the process can be implemented in secondary and tertiary mode, where in tertiary mode earlier handling of production water is required. Experimental work shows there are promising polymers that may be able to withstand the high reservoir temperature, high salinity and high concentration of divalent ions in the reservoir under study.
Effect of Repetitive Sub-concussive Head Impacts on Ocular Near Point of Convergence (2016)

This study intended to examine effects of repetitive sub-concussive head impacts on ocular near point of convergence (NPC). 20 healthy young adult soccer players were assigned to either a heading or control group. Heading subjects completed 10 headers of soccer balls projected at a speed of 11.2 m/s. Control subjects did not perform heading. Linear head acceleration was measured with a triaxial accelerometer. The NPC assessment was performed at pre-, 0 h post-, and 24 h post-heading. During the NPC assessment participants were seated and a visual target was moved towards the eyes at 1cm/sec. The participant signaled when he/she experienced diplopia or deviation of the eye was observed, and the distance was recorded. The assessment was repeated twice and average NPC scores were used for further analysis. Soccer heading induced mean group head accelerations of 14.49±5.4 g. Mild head impacts led to an increased NPC distance, which was supported by a significant Group x Time interaction. In the heading group, 0 h post- and 24 h post-heading NPC scores were significantly receded compared to baseline. Conversely, NPC scores for the control group showed no difference over time. Our findings indicate that mild frontal head impacts affekt NPC for a minimum of 24 h-post heading, suggesting that oculomotor processes are disrupted, at least transiently, by repetitive mild head impact.
<i>N</i>‐Funktionalisierte Ketenimine, II (1985)

Abstract N ‐(Thio)Acyl‐ und N ‐Imidoylketenimine 3 werden durch Wittig‐Reaktion von 2‐(Triphenylphosphoranyliden)propionsäure‐ethylester ( 1a ) mit entsprechend funktionalisierten Isocyanaten 2 erhalten. Sie erweisen sich als geeignete Edukte für Synthesen einer Anzahl von N‐Heterocyclen wie Chinazoline, 1,3,5‐Triazine, 1,3,5‐Thiadiazine, 1,3,5‐Oxathiazine, Imidazole und 1,2,4‐Triazole. Dagegen cyclisiert 2‐(Triphenylphosphoranyliden)propiophenon ( 1b ) mit 2a und 2d in einer ungewöhnlichen Wittig‐Reaktion direkt zum 1,3‐Oxazin‐ bzw. Pyrimidin‐Ring.
Representing extended entity-relationship structures in relational databases (1992)

A common approach to database design is to describe the structures and constraints of the database application in terms of a semantic data model, and then represent the resulting schema using the data model of a commercial database management system. Often, in practice, Extended Entity-Relationship (EER) schemas are translated into equivalent relational schemas. This translation involves different aspects: representing the EER schema using relational constructs, assigning names to relational attributes, normalization, and merging relations. Considering these aspects together, as is usually done in the design methodologies proposed in the literature, is confusing and leads to inaccurate results. We propose to treat separately these aspects and split the translation into four stages (modules) corresponding to the four aspects mentioned above. We define criteria for both evaluating the correctness of and characterizing the relationship between alternative relational representations of EER schemas.
Broadly neutralizing antibody and the HIV reservoir in acute HIV infection (2015)

The acute HIV infection period represents a unique opportunity to explore the use of bNAbs with ART to limit the reservoir seeding that may enhance the chance of HIV remission. This article discusses the effects of early ART and bNAbs on HIV reservoirs and proposes research strategies in acute HIV infection aiming at HIV reservoir reduction and HIV remission.