gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inactivation of the Calcium Sensing Receptor Inhibits E-cadherin-mediated Cell-Cell Adhesion and Calcium-induced Differentiation in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes (2007)

Extracellular Ca(2+) (Ca(2+)(o)) is a critical regulator that promotes differentiation in epidermal keratinocytes. The calcium sensing receptor (CaR) is essential for mediating Ca(2+) signaling during Ca(2+)(o)-induced differentiation. Inactivation of the endogenous CaR-encoding gene CASR by adenoviral expression of a CaR antisense cDNA inhibited the Ca(2+)(o)-induced increase in intracellular free calcium (Ca(2+)(i)) and expression of terminal differentiation genes, while promoting apoptosis. Ca(2+)(o) also instigates E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion, which plays a critical role in orchestrating cellular signals mediating cell survival and differentiation. Raising Ca(2+)(o) concentration ([Ca(2+)](o)) from 0.03 to 2 mm rapidly induced the co-localization of alpha-, beta-, and p120-catenin with E-cadherin in the intercellular adherens junctions (AJs). To assess whether CaR is required for the Ca(2+)(o)-induced activation of E-cadherin signaling, we examined the impact of CaR inactivation on AJ formation. Decreased CaR expression suppressed the Ca(2+)(o)-induced AJ formation, membrane translocation, and the complex formation of E-cadherin, catenins, and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), although the expression of these proteins was not affected. The assembly of the E-cadherin-catenin-PI3K complex was sensitive to the pharmacologic inhibition of Src family tyrosine kinases but was not affected by inhibition of Ca(2+)(o)-induced rise in Ca(2+)(i). Inhibition of CaR expression blocked the Ca(2+)(o)-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of beta-, gamma-, and p120-catenin, PI3K, and the tyrosine kinase Fyn and the association of Fyn with E-cadherin and PI3K. Our results indicate that the CaR regulates cell survival and Ca(2+)(o)-induced differentiation in keratinocytes at least in part by activating the E-cadherin/PI3K pathway through a Src family tyrosine kinase-mediated signaling.
Synthesis of (Ca,Mg)-α-sialon from slag by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (2002)

The synthesis of (Ca,Mg)-α-sialon powders using slag as a starting material by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) is reported for the first time. The only crystalline phase detected in the synthesized products was α-sialon. The characters of the synthesized powders were observed and compared with that of conventionally hot-pressed materials. More metal cations were absorbed into the α-sialon structure of the SHS synthesized powders. Fully densified sialon ceramics can be obtained using the SHS powders by hot-pressing. The hardness and fracture toughness of the hot-pressed α-sialon ceramics reached 16 GPa and 5.1 MPa m−1/2 respectively.
17β-Estradiol regulates nNOS and eNOS activity in the hippocampus (2003)

Estrogen treatment in symptomatic postmenopausal women appears to improve cognitive performance including memory, an effect which may involve enhanced nitric oxide formation in hippocampal neurons. To study whether 17beta-estradiol (E2) affects NO synthase activity in the hippocampus, we investigated the influence of E2 on hippocampal NO synthase expression and activity in female rats. Ovariectomy, which significantly decreased E2 serum levels, reduced neuronal (nNOS) and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression and Ca(2+)-dependent NOS activity. E2 substitution reversed these effects. It is concluded that E2 increases nNOS and eNOS expression and activity in female hippocampus and thus improves hippocampal function.
Semantic structure from motion with object and point interactions (2011)

We propose a new method for jointly detecting objects and recovering the geometry of the scene (camera pose, object and scene point 3D locations) from multiple semi-calibrated images (camera internal parameters are known). To achieve this task, our method models high level semantics (i.e. object class labels and relevant characteristics such as location and pose) and the interaction (correlations) of objects and feature points within the same view and across views. We validate our algorithm against state-of-the-art baseline methods using two public datasets - Ford Car dataset and Kinect Office dataset [1] - and show that we: i) significantly improve the camera pose estimation results compared to point-based SFM algorithm; ii) achieve better 2D and 3D object detection accuracy than using single images separately. Our algorithm is critical in many application scenarios including object manipulation and autonomous navigation.
Duplicate Packet Detection for Multicast: Methods, Analysis, and Relative Performance (2008)

In many wireless multihop networks multicast is the dominant form of communication. In these networks, devices cannot depend on existing techniques to make forwarding decisions about the multihop multicast packets. Instead, devices must maintain state about packets that have already been forwarded to ensure they are not forwarded again. This procedure is known as duplicate packet detection (DPD). There are multiple solutions to this problem that follow the same general guidelines, but these solutions vary significantly in the resources consumed. This paper analyzes the various resources tradeoffs between the two most common approaches; a sequence number based approach (S-DPD) and an assisted hash based approach (H-DPD). This paper shows that S-DPD is superior or equal to H-DPD in terms of DPD state maintenance, energy consumption, and delay.
Characterization of gas shale pore systems by porosimetry, pycnometry, surface area, and field emission scanning electron microscopy/transmission electron microscopy image analyses: Examples from the Barnett, Woodford, Haynesville, Marcellus, and Doig units (2012)

The nanometer-scaled pore systems of gas shale reservoirs were investigated from the Barnett, Marcellus, Woodford, and Haynesville gas shales in the United States and the Doig Formation of northeastern British Columbia, Canada. The purpose of this article is to provide awareness of the nature and variability in pore structures within gas shales and not to provide a representative evaluation on the previously mentioned North American reservoirs. To understand the pore system of these rocks, the total porosity, pore-size distribution, surface area, organic geochemistry, mineralogy, and image analyses by electron microscopy were performed. Total porosity from helium pycnometry ranges between 2.5 and 6.6%. Total organic carbon content ranges between 0.7 and 6.8 wt. %, and vitrinite reflectance measured between 1.45 and 2.37%. The gas shales in the United States are clay and quartz rich, with the Doig Formation samples being quartz and carbonate rich and clay poor. Higher porosity samples have higher values because of a greater abundance of mesopores compared with lower porosity samples. With decreasing total porosity, micropore volumes relatively increase whereas the sum of mesopores and macropore volumes decrease. Focused ion beam milling, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy provide high-resolution (∼5 nm) images of pore distribution and geometries. Image analysis provides a visual appreciation of pore systems in gas shale reservoirs but is not a statistically valid method to evaluate gas shale reservoirs. Macropores and mesopores are observed as either intergranular porosity or are confined to kerogen-rich aggregates and show no preferred orientation or align parallel with the laminae of the shale. Networks of mesopores are observed to connect with the larger macropores within the kerogen-rich aggregates.
Viewpoint stabilization for live collaborative video augmentations (2006)

We present a method for stabilizing live video from a moving camera for the purpose of a tele-meeting, in which a participant with an AR view onto a shared canvas collaborates with a remote user. The AR view is established without markers and using no other tracking equipment than a head-worn camera. The remote user is allowed to directly annotate the local user's view in real time on a desktop or tablet PC. The planar homographies between the reference frame and the other following frames are maintained. In effect, both the local and remote participants can annotate the physical meeting space, the local AR user through physical interaction, the remote user through our stabilized video. When tracking is lost, the remote user can still continue annotating on a frozen video frame. We tested several small demo applications with this new form of transient AR collaboration that can be established easily, on a per need basis, and without complicated equipment or calibration requirements.
Wafer bonding of SiC-SiC and SiC-Si by modified suface activated bonding method (2015)

SiC-SiC and SiC-Si wafer bonding has been achieved by two different modified surface activated bonding (SAB) methods without any chemical-clean treatment and high temperature annealing. Bonding strength of SiC-SiC is even higher than 32MPa. Bonding strength of SiC-Si bonded pair is also higher than the bulk strength of Si. The bonded wafers were almost completely bonded without some voids or peripheral area, which should be caused by some partilces and wafer warpage. The interfaces of bonded SiC-SiC and SiC-Si have been analyzed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) to verify the bonding mechanism.
Highly Enhanced Adsorption of Lead Ions on Chitosan Granules Functionalized with Poly(acrylic acid) (2006)

Cross-linked chitosan granules (denoted as CTS) were surface-functionalized with poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc) and examined for the adsorption of lead ions from aqueous solutions. PAAc was successfully grafted on CTS through a simple two-step reaction in a solution. The PAAc-functionalized chitosan granules (denoted as CTS-PAAc) showed significantly greater adsorption capacities for lead ions than CTS, and the performance improved with the increase of pH in the pH range of 1−6 examined. An adsorption isotherm and kinetic study conducted at pH 4 and room temperature showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 294.12 mg/g and an adsorption equilibrium time of less than 5 h for lead ions on CTS-PAAC, in contrast to only 95.15 mg/g and up to 8 h on CTS. Mechanism study revealed that the excellent adsorption performance of CTS-PAAc for lead ions was attributed to the many carboxyl groups grafted on CTS-PAAc. It was found that adsorbed lead ions on CTS-PAAc can be effectively desorbed and the regenerated CTS-PAAc can be reused almost without any loss of adsorption capacity.
A manufacturable integration technology of sputter-BST capacitor with a newly proposed thick Pt electrode (2002)

A novel process technology to realize a thick Pt bottom electrode is developed, particularly for facilitating the use of sputter-BST capacitors. The sputter-BST capacitor fabricated with this technology gives a production-worthy yield and maintains initial electrical properties after finishing the back-end process, including the Al wiring and the plasma SiN-passivation. By using this technology, it is feasible to obtain a reliable BST capacitor in the 0.16 /spl mu/m-geometry, with the achievement of BST's Teq, SiO/sub 2/-equivalent thickness, of 0.40 nm and a 300 nm-high bottom electrode.
Laser induced sonofusion: A new road toward thermonuclear reactions (2016)

The Possibility of the laser assisted sonofusion is studied via single bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) in Deuterated acetone (C3D6O) using quasi-adiabatic and hydro-chemical simulations at the ambient temperatures of 0 and −28.5 °C. The interior temperature of the produced bubbles in Deuterated acetone is 1.6 × 106 K in hydro-chemical model and it is reached up to 1.9 × 106 K in the laser induced SBSL bubbles. Under these circumstances, temperature up to 107 K can be produced in the center of the bubble in which the thermonuclear D-D fusion reactions are promising under the controlled conditions.
Human papillomavirus type 16 E6/E7-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in women with cervical neoplasia (2000)

Infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) types is associated with the development of cervical neoplasia (CIN). The E6 and E7 oncoproteins are constitutively expressed in these lesions and are therefore putative targets for the immune response against HPV. The relation between HPV 16-specific memory cytotoxic T-cell precursor (mCTLp) activity to both oncoproteins and the natural course of cervical dysplasia was analyzed in 38 patients participating in a nonintervention cohort study of women with CIN and 11 HPV 16-positive cervical carcinoma patients. In a cross-sectional study at the end of follow-up prior to biopsy, 8 of 20 patients with a persistent HPV 16 infection had specific mCTLp against at least one of the two oncoproteins. By contrast, no specific mCTLp activity was detected in 11 HPV-negative patients or in 7 patients who had cleared an HPV 16 infection at the end of follow-up. However, 5 of 11 cervical carcinoma patients showed mCTLp activity against the E7 protein only. This study demonstrates that HPV 16 oncogene-specific mCTLp are present in women with HPV 16-positive CIN prior to any intervention. Since HPV-specific mCTLp were detected predominantly in women with high-grade lesions or invasive cervical carcinoma and not in women who cleared the virus, the role of naturally occurring mCTLp in the protection against HPV-associated cervical neoplasia remains to be established.
The design of a high-resolution transformable wholebody PET camera (2002)

The conceptual design of a high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET) camera is presented. This PET has a transformable transaxial and axial fields of view to facilitate oncology applications. The photomultiplier-quadrant-sharing (PQS) detector design is used to achieve very high resolution with lower cost. It has 38 016 small bismuth germanate crystals (2.68 /spl times/ 2.68 /spl times/ 18 mm/sup 3/, 2.68 /spl times/ 3.06 /spl times/ 18 mm/sup 3/) and 924 photomultipliers (PMTs). The second-generation PQS detectors will be used for this high-resolution-oncologic-transformable PET (HOTPET). Monte Carlo simulations showed that image resolution would vary from 1.8 to 3.0 mm depending on the operating mode (detector ring diameter). The detector ring is made of 12 detector modules. Inside each module, the detector packing fraction is very high, 98.5% in both axial and transaxial dimensions to increase coincidence sensitivity to compensate for the loss from its narrower 13 cm wholebody axial field of view (AFOV) designed to reduce production cost and scatter and accidentals in 3-D imaging. The detector-ring diameter can change from 24 to 83 cm with no gaps between modules. For radiotherapy treatment planning, the ring expands to 100 cm creating an 80 cm patient port (17% detection gap). In the body modes, HOTPET has 44 detector rings (87 image planes). In the brain/breast modes, the detector diameter becomes 53 cm with a large AFOV (21 cm) with 72 detector rings (143 image planes). In the 24-cm mouse mode, coincidence nonlinearity may be reduced to yield a resolution of 1.8-2.2 mm for mouse/rat; it would have 21 cm AFOV providing a 3-7 /spl times/ higher geometrical coincidence sensitivity over a similar mouse-PET with 8 cm AFOV (no septa). The front-end electronics use the high-yield-pileup-event-recovery electronics to increase the count-rate performance and an automatic PMT gain-equalization for quality control.
Cooperative work environment using virtual workspace (1992)

A virtual environment, which is created by computer graphics and an appropriate user interface, can be used in many application fields, such as teleopetution, telecommunication and real time simulation. Furthermore, if this environment could be shared by multiple users, there would be more potential applications.
Immune response of various animals to Akabane disease live virus vaccine. (1979)

In this paper we analyse the effect of a cutoff transaction size on the average inventory cost in a simple newsboy setting. It is assumed that customers with an order larger than a prespecified cutoff transaction size are satisfied in an alternative way, against additional cost. For compound Poisson demand with discrete order sizes, we show how to determine the average cost and an optimal cutoff transaction size. Because the computational effort to calculate the exact cost is quite large, we also consider an approximate model. By approximating the distribution of the total demand during a period by the normal distribution one can determine an expression for the average cost function that solely depends on the cutoff transaction size. A significant advantage of this approximation is that we can solve problems of any size. The quality of using the normal approximation is evaluated through a number of numerical experiments, which show that the approximate results are satisfactory
Micromagnetic Simulation of Transfer Curve in Giant-Magnetoresistive Head (2009)

The transfer curve of the giant-magnetoresistive (GMR) magnetic head represents its most important property in applications, and it is calculated by the micromagnetic modeling of the free layer and the pinned layer in the heart of the GMR head. Affections of the bias hard magnetic layer and the anti-ferromagnetic pinning layer are modeled by effective magnetic fields. The simulated transfer curve agrees with experiment quite well, therefore the values of these effective magnetic fields can be determined by the model. A synthetic antiferromagnetic spin valve structure GMB. head is also analyzed for comparison.
Tuning Curvature in Flow Lithography: A New Class of Concave/Convex Particles (2009)

Polymeric particles of complex shapes and chemistry have been used for a wide variety of applications in the materials and bioengineering fields. An interesting means of introducing complexity is through curvature. In this work, stop-flow lithography is used to generate concave/convex particles at high throughputs of 3x10(4) particles/h. These particles have finely tuned curvature in the plane orthogonal to the plane of projection of light. The shape in the plane of projection of light is determined by the mask shape. The chemical programmability of this technique is further demonstrated by creating multifunctional particles, i.e., patchy and capped particles. The directed assembly of these particles can find potential application in a variety of fields like biology, photonics, and liquid crystals.
Generation and diagnostic application of monoclonal antibodies against <i>Seneca Valley virus</i> (2011)

Seneca Valley virus (SVV), a member of the Picornaviridae family, was implicated in a suspicious vesicular disease discovered in pigs from Canada in 2007. Because any outbreak of vesicular disease in pigs is assumed to be foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) until confirmed otherwise, a test for diagnosing the presence of SVV would be a very useful tool. To develop the diagnostic tests for SVV infection, 5 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were produced from mice immunized with binary ethylenimine (BEI)-inactivated SVV. Using a dot blot assay, the reactivity of the mAbs was confirmed to be specific for SVV, not reacting with any of the other vesicular disease viruses tested. The mAbs demonstrated reactivity with SVV antigen in infected cells by an immunohistochemistry assay. An SVV-specific competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) was developed using BEI-inactivated SVV antigen and a mAb for serodiagnosis. The cELISA results were compared to the indirect isotype (immunoglobulin [Ig]M and IgG) ELISA and the virus neutralization test. All SVV experimentally inoculated pigs exhibited a positive SVV-specific antibody response at 6 days postinoculation, and the sera remained positive until the end of the experiment on day 57 (>40% inhibition) using the cELISA. The cELISA reflected the profile of the indirect ELISA for both IgM and IgG. This panel of SVV-specific mAbs is valuable for the identification of SVV antigen and the serological detection of SVV-specific antibodies.
« La créolisation : théorie et application », Alain Kihm, réd., Recherches linguistiques de Vincennes, n 20, 1991, Saint-Denis, Université Paris VIII, 115 p. (1991)

« La créolisation : théorie et application », Alain Kihm, réd., Recherches linguistiques de Vincennes, no 20, 1991, Saint-Denis, Université Paris VIII, 115 p.. Un article de la revue Revue québécoise de linguistique (Langues secondes) diffusée par la plateforme Érudit.
Variable Rate Vector Quantization For Medical Image Compression With Applications To Progressive Transmission (1989)

In this work, a new technique for variable rate VQ design based on tree structures is applied to medical images. It is an extension of an algorithm for optimal pruning in tree-structured classification and regression due to Breiman, Friedman, Olshen, and Stone [1]. The algorithm finds subtrees of a given tree-structured vector quantizer (TSVQ), each one optimal in that it has the lowest average distortion of all subtrees with the same or lesser average rate [2]. Since the resulting subtrees have variable height, natural variable rate coders result. Image reproduction at 1.5 bits per pixel is excellent and pathology in brain magnetic resonance images can be diagnosed in images at less than 0.5 bit per pixel. Finally, TSVQ is stored in a format convenient for progressive transmission of images.
Release of cytokeratin‐18 and ‐19 fragments (TPS and CYFRA 21‐1) into the extracellular space during apoptosis (2002)

Serum fragments of cytokeratins-18 and -19 (measured as TPS and CYFRA 21-1, respectively) have traditionally been considered as markers of tumor proliferation, although the evidence is scarce for a causative relationship between proliferation and levels of TPS and CYFRA 21-1. We examined whether apoptosis might produce TPS and CYFRA 21-1 fragments. MCF-7 breast cancer cells were treated with mitomycin C or agonistic anti-CD95 antibody, and levels of TPS and CYFRA 21-1 in tissue culture supernatants were compared with the frequency of cells exhibiting the following markers of cell death: intracellular cytokeratin-18 cleavage, surface staining with annexin-V, propidium iodide uptake, DNA fragmentation. Twenty-four hours after inducing apoptosis, levels of TPS and CYFRA 21-1 were elevated > or = 4-fold in culture supernatants. Elevations in TPS and CYFRA 21-1 coincided with apoptosis measured by the first three cell death markers but preceded DNA fragmentation. These mitomycin C- and CD95-mediated elevations were completely inhibited by co-incubation with the caspase inhibitors Z-VAD.fmk and Z-IETD.fmk, respectively. We conclude that TPS and CYFRA 21-1 can be abundantly released into the extracellular space during the intermediate stage of epithelial cell apoptosis.