gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Planar, pleated, and saddle-shaped structures of the phthalocyanine dianion in two novel multidentate oxygen-donor complexes of dipotassium phthalocyanine (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPlanar, pleated, and saddle-shaped structures of the phthalocyanine dianion in two novel multidentate oxygen-donor complexes of dipotassium phthalocyanineR. F. Ziolo, W. H. H. Guenther, and J. M. TroupCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 15, 4629–4630Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00405a078https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00405a078research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A CASE FOR LESS REINFORCEMENT (1974)

The author discusses the application of the code of practice CP 110 to the design of reinforced concrete structures. It is suggested that more accurate methods of calculation would offer savings in reinforcement if the design stress-strain curves for the reinforcement were more realistic than those given in the code. A method is proposed for reinforced concrete T-Beams using cold-worked, high-yield reinforcement which incorporates the safety factors recommended in CP 110 and also produces a saving of up to 10% in flexural reinforcement. /TRRL/
Learning to Rank Short Text Pairs with Convolutional Deep Neural Networks (2015)

Learning a similarity function between pairs of objects is at the core of learning to rank approaches. In information retrieval tasks we typically deal with query-document pairs, in question answering -- question-answer pairs. However, before learning can take place, such pairs needs to be mapped from the original space of symbolic words into some feature space encoding various aspects of their relatedness, e.g. lexical, syntactic and semantic. Feature engineering is often a laborious task and may require external knowledge sources that are not always available or difficult to obtain. Recently, deep learning approaches have gained a lot of attention from the research community and industry for their ability to automatically learn optimal feature representation for a given task, while claiming state-of-the-art performance in many tasks in computer vision, speech recognition and natural language processing. In this paper, we present a convolutional neural network architecture for reranking pairs of short texts, where we learn the optimal representation of text pairs and a similarity function to relate them in a supervised way from the available training data. Our network takes only words in the input, thus requiring minimal preprocessing. In particular, we consider the task of reranking short text pairs where elements of the pair are sentences. We test our deep learning system on two popular retrieval tasks from TREC: Question Answering and Microblog Retrieval. Our model demonstrates strong performance on the first task beating previous state-of-the-art systems by about 3\% absolute points in both MAP and MRR and shows comparable results on tweet reranking, while enjoying the benefits of no manual feature engineering and no additional syntactic parsers.
1990: ¿hacia la pacificación y la democracia? (1990)

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 13, 1990: 3-8
Tritiated D‐ala<sup>1</sup>‐peptide T binding: A pharmacologic basis for the design of drugs which inhibit HIV receptor binding (1988)

Abstract The HIV virus initiates its infectious cycle through a high‐affinity binding interaction between the envelope protein gp 120 and its receptor, the T4 (or CD4) molecule. An octapeptide sequence, termed peptide T, present in the second variable region of gp 120 from the ARV isolate, has been implicated as the attachement site. The core peptide required for activity has been further refined to a pentapeptide, and homologous pentapeptides are similarly positioned in 21 other sequenced HIV isolates. Utilizing a novel direct binding assay of 3 H‐D‐ala 1 ‐peptide T, we now report that synthetic peptides derived from these other isolates are potent competitors of peptide T binding to T4‐positive lymphocytes and brain membranes. Direct peptide T binding is also competable by purified virion gp 120, indicating that these ligands are interactive at the same receptor. Peptide T has sequence relatedness to the peptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and VIP and its relevant homologous pentapeptide, VIP[7–11], are also potent inhibitors of peptide T binding. To determine the essential structural features responsible for receptor activity we have studied a series of synthetic peptides substituted with single D‐amino acid residues. These data reveal that the tyrosine of position 7 in peptide T, present in all natural viral isolates, is obligate for receptor activity. Structure/function analysis for a large number of analogs is presented. Significantly, this binding assay is highly correlated with peptide bioactivity in several independent systems, indicating that this methodology can be used for rapid screening of novel, potential anti‐AIDS therapeutics whose target is inhibition of virus gpl20 binding.
Essentiality of Chromium for Human Nutrition and Health (2001)

The aim of this paper is to review current knowledge about the essentiality of trivalent chromium for animal and human nutrition, and its biological function with special reference to its role in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, dietary intake and recommendations.
Proprioceptive Changes Impair Balance Control in Individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2013)

Introduction: Balance deficits are identified as important risk factors for falling in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the specific use of proprioception, which is of primary importance during balance control, has not been studied in individuals with COPD. The objective was to determine the specific proprioceptive control strategy during postural balance in individuals with COPD and healthy controls, and to assess whether this was related to inspiratory muscle weakness.
Transient detection circuit for system-level ESD protection and its on-board behavior with EMI/EMC filters (2008)

A new on-chip transient detection circuit for system-level electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection is proposed. The circuit performance of detecting fast electrical transients has been verified in a 0.18-μm CMOS integrated circuit (IC). The experimental results have confirmed that the proposed on-chip transient detection circuit can detect positive and negative fast electrical transients during system-level ESD zapping. Three board-level noise filtering networks have been investigated their enhancement on detection range of the proposed on-chip transient detection circuit. The chip-level solution can be further co-designed with the board-level solution in order to meet high system-level ESD specification.
Machinability and microstructure of some common non-ferrous metals and alloys (1976)

The most common machinability parameters used for non-ferrous metals – tool life, surface finish, and swarf size and shape – are reviewed. The microstructure of ‘free-machining’ non-ferrous alloys is controlled primarily by manufacturing procedures, e.g. casting technique, extrusion conditions, heat treatment, and aging, and by alloy composition. Variations in machinability so produced, particularly in relation to copper-base alloys, are discussed. Recent BNF work showed conclusively that the size and distribution of the lead-rich phase in leaded brass and the CU2S phase in sulphur-copper alloys controlled the tool wear rate in single-point turning operations. However, in drilling, composition alone was the controlling factor. The presence of hard particles (precipitates) and inclusions in either type of alloy was detrimental to tool life, as illustrated by iron in brass and oxygen and phosphorus in dilute copper alloys. The effects of variations in production methods for aluminium alloys are discussed, particularly in relation to the size and distribution of the various phases that can precipitate from the common free-machining alloys containing lead and bismuth. A brief review of the magnesium alloys is also included.
Modular and efficient resource management in the exedra media server (2001)

Explosive growth in online services has recently renewed the interest for building modular and efficient network server systems. System design complications coupled with excessive expectations from technological progress previously discouraged the development of media servers efficiently supporting video streams with variable bit rates. In this paper, we describe the design of a distributed media server architecture, and the implementation details of a prototype. Native supportisprovided for variable bit rate streams, by considering their special features in the resource management policies. We identify several problems, and propose new approaches for scheduling the playback requests, organizing the memory buffers, allocating the storage space, and structuring the disk metadata. We justify several of our decisions with comparative performance measurements using both synthetic benchmarks and actual experiments with variable bit rate MPEG-2 streams over SCSI disks.
Non-competitive NMDA antagonists as drugs (1995)

The ‘excitotoxic theory’ suggests that ischaemia-induced neuronal degeneration is caused, at least in part, by excessive release of glutamate and a subsequent overactivation of post-synaptic receptors. The N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor plays a key role in mediating this toxicity, probably due to its high permeability to calcium, a known mediator of cell damage. Much of the evidence supporting a role for NMDA receptors has come from studies with selective antagonists. Initially, these were performed with competitive antagonists of the glutamate recognition site, such as d-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoate (d-AP5) and d-2-amino-5-phosphonoheptanoate (d-AP7), which were shown to be neuroprotective in animal studies. More recently, however, much work has concentrated on antagonists acting in a non-competitive manner with glutamate at the NMDA receptor complex.
Opiates suppress a resting sodium-dependent inward current and activate an outward potassium current in locus coeruleus neurons (1993)

The opioid peptide met-enkephalin (met-ENK) produces an outward current with an increase in input conductance in locus coeruleus (LC) neurons. This current has been attributed to an opening of potassium channels. However, the opioid-induced current tends to reverse at potentials more negative than the expected potassium reversal potential (EK) or does not reverse at all. Since lack of reversal can occur if there is a simultaneous increase in one conductance and a decrease in a second conductance, we tested the possible contribution of a second conductance to the opioid-induced outward current in LC neurons. Biochemically, opiates inhibit adenylate cyclase in LC neurons and cAMP-active agents produce a sodium-dependent inward current in these neurons. This current is also present at rest, as sodium substitution hyperpolarizes LC neurons. By inhibiting adenylate cyclase, could opiates be turning off this current? To evaluate this possibility, we used intracellular voltage-clamp technique in rat LC slices, and studied the effect of sodium substitution on the opiate response. Replacement of external sodium (80%) with Tris or choline caused (1) an outward current with a decrease in input conductance and (2) an approximately 50% decrease in the met-ENK-induced outward current with a shift in its reversal potential toward EK. Extracellular Ba2+, a K+ channel blocker, also partially reduced the opiate response, but it shifted its reversal potential away from EK. The met-ENK-induced outward current was almost totally abolished by combined sodium substitution and extracellular Ba2+ in an additive manner.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Efficiently mining crosscutting concerns through random walks (2007)

Inspired by our past manual aspect mining experiences, this paper describes a random walk model to approximate how crosscutting concerns can be discovered in the absence of domain knowledge of the investigated application. Random walks are performed on the coupling graphs extracted from the program sources. The ideas underlying the popular page-rank algorithm are adapted and extended to generate ranks reflecting the degrees of "popularity" and "significance" for each of the program elements on the coupling graphs. Filtering techniques, exploiting both types of ranks, are applied to produce a final list of candidates representing crosscutting concerns. The resulting aspect mining algorithm is evaluated on numerous Java applications ranging from a small-scale drawing application, to a medium-sized middleware application, and to a largescale enterprise application server. In seconds, the aspect mining algorithm is able to produce results comparable to our prior manual mining efforts. The mining algorithm also proves effective in helping domain experts identify latent crosscutting concerns.
In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Soluble, Monovalent Globotriose on Bacterial Attachment and Colonization (2005)

Epithelial cells lining the urinary tract are rich in globo series glycolipids, structurally defined by a Galalpha1,4Gal motif in the oligosaccharide moiety of this glycolipid family. This Galalpha1,4Gal motif is the attachment target for the P-fimbrial adhesin of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. We investigated the ability of a trisaccharide analog of this core motif, globotriose (Galalpha1,4Galbeta1,4Glc), to interfere with uropathogen attachment and colonization in vitro and in vivo. We assessed the ability of globotriose to inhibit and reverse the binding and agglutination of a P-fimbriated strain of E. coli (JR1) using human erythrocytes and immortalized human colonic epithelial cells as targets. Globotriose (5 mg/ml) completely inhibited and reversed cell agglutination and caused a 10- to 100-fold reduction in JR1 binding to target cells, as determined by flow cytometry. In preparation for an in vivo efficacy study, we investigated the distribution and pharmacokinetics of globotriose in the BALB/c mouse. Globotriose was administered via the tail vein, targeting an instantaneous plasma concentration of 5 mg/ml, and in a different experiment, animals were gavaged at 10 times the intravenous (i.v.) dose. Globotriose was rapidly cleared from plasma (half-life [t1/2], 6 min) and slowly excreted via the kidney (t1/2, 4 h). Urine levels of >5 mg/ml were maintained from 4 to 12 h after the i.v. bolus dose, which resulted in a 1-log reduction in established bladder colonization by JR1. These results suggest that free, soluble globotriose is a feasible alternative therapy for urinary tract infections.
Group V Oxides and Chalcogenides: Crystalline Complexes with Halogens (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGroup V Oxides and Chalcogenides: Crystalline Complexes with HalogensRalph A. Zingaro and Edward A. MeyersCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1962, 1, 4, 771–774Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50004a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50004a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views271Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Low complexity hybrid beamforming and precoding for 2D planar antenna array mmWave systems (2015)

The massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system utilizes a large number of antennas to enhance the throughput and reliability of 5G systems. Millimeter wave (mmWave) system is one of the important massive MIMO systems because its small wavelength allows the tightly package of large antenna array. This paper presents a low-complexity algorithm that can jointly determine the RF beamforming array vector and baseband precoding matrix for 2D planar antenna array in mmWave systems. The proposed antenna selection before the beamforming can reduce the dimension of the baseband precoding matrix. This study also proposes a sliding-window-based index selection for RF beamforming array vector. This index selection scheme not only reduces the baseband complexity but also enable highly paralleled hardware architecture. The antenna selection technique can reduce about 93% complexity of the SVD computation and the proposed precoding algorithm can reduce about 20-26% complexity of the previous work in a 16×8 2D planar antenna array MIMO systems.
Weak Mutation Testing and Completeness of Test Sets (1982)

Different approaches to the generation of test data are described. Error-based approaches depend on the definition of classes of commonly occurring program errors. They generate tests which are specifically designed to determine if particular classes of errors occur in a program. An error-based method called weak mutation testing is described. In this method, tests are constructed which are guaranteed to force program statements which contain certain classes of errors to act incorrectly during the execution of the program over those tests. The method is systematic, and a tool can be built to help the user apply the method. It is extensible in the sense that it can be extended to cover additional classes of errors. Its relationship to other software testing methods is discussed. Examples are included.
Plasma Fibrinogen Level and the Risk of Major Cardiovascular Diseases and Nonvascular Mortality (2005)

In this large individual participant meta-analysis, moderately strong associations were found between usual plasma fibrinogen level and the risks of CHD, stroke, other vascular mortality, and nonvascular mortality in a wide range of circumstances in healthy middle-aged adults. Assessment of any causal relevance of elevated fibrinogen levels to disease requires additional research.
IL-10 up-regulates human monocyte phagocytosis in the presence of IL-4 and IFN-γ (1995)

Interleukin-10 (IL-10), a cytokine produced by type 2 helper T (Th2) cells, inhibits the microbicidal effector function of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-activated macrophages. However, recent observations indicate that IL-10, like IFN-gamma, increases Fc gamma RI expression and Fc gamma R-mediated cytotoxic activity on human monocytes, suggesting that this cytokine cannot be classified purely as a monocyte deactivator. The present study found that incubation for 40 h of human monocytes or monocyte-derived macrophages in the presence of IL-10 caused a significant enhancement of their capacity to ingest particles coated with immunoglobulin G (Fc gamma R-mediated ingestion) or with C3b/C3bi fragments of the complement system (CR1/CR3-mediated ingestion). The number of phagocytosing cells (% phagocytosis) and the number of ingested particles per cell (phagocytic index) were both significantly higher after 40-h incubation of monocytes with IL-10 concentrations > or = 1 U/ml. This up-regulating activity on phagocytosis was completely reversed by anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibody (mAb). As previously reported, IL-10 stimulated Fc gamma RI expression on monocytes but did not induce the expression of Fc gamma RII, Fc gamma RIII, CR1, and CR3. IFN-gamma, like IL-10, up-regulated only Fc gamma RI expression but significantly reduced both Fc gamma R- and CR-mediated ingestion. IL-10 almost completely reversed the IFN-gamma-induced inhibition of both Fc gamma R- and CR-mediated phagocytosis, without concomitant changes in membrane expression of phagocytic receptors. Exposure of monocytes to IL-4 reduced the membrane expression of all three Fc gamma Rs and also inhibited Fc gamma R-mediated ingestion. On the other hand, IL-4 up-regulated both CR3 expression and CR-mediated ingestion on cultured monocytes. IL-10 not only neutralized the down-regulatory effect of IL-4 on Fc gamma R expression but also completely reversed the IL-4-induced suppression of Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis. Exposure of monocytes to a combination of IL-10 and IL-4 resulted in a synergistic effect on CR-mediated ingestion, even though no additive effects were observed on CR membrane expression. Finally, culture of monocytes in medium containing anti-IL-10 mAb significantly reduced their capacity to ingest IgG- or C3b/C3bi-coated particles, suggesting a role for endogenously produced IL-10 in the modulation of phagocytosis by human monocytes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Image Dequantization: Restoration of Quantized Colors (2007)

Abstract Color quantization replaces the color of each pixel with the closest representative color, and thus it makes the resulting image partitioned into uniformly‐colored regions. As a consequence, continuous, detailed variations of color over the corresponding regions in the original image are lost through color quantization. In this paper, we present a novel blind scheme for restoring such variations from a color‐quantized input image without a priori knowledge of the quantization method. Our scheme identifies which pairs of uniformly‐colored regions in the input image should have continuous variations of color in the resulting image. Then, such regions are seamlessly stitched through optimization while preserving the closest representative colors. The user can optionally indicate which regions should be separated or stitched by scribbling constraint brushes across the regions. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through diverse examples, such as photographs, cartoons, and artistic illustrations.