gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Local regression of breast tumors following intramammary ganciclovir administration in double transgenic mice expressing neu oncogene and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase. (1995)

Females from a mouse lineage transgenic for the activated rat neu oncogene under the control of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) long terminal repeat (LTR) all develop breast tumors with high reproducibility within the first 2-3 months of life. These animals were crossed with mice from a lineage transgenic for the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (HSVtk) under the control of its own promoter and polyoma enhancer. Double transgenic mice (for both neu and tk) developed breast neoplasias with the same kinetics as the neu-only mice. Tumor-bearing double transgenic mice, treated intratumorally with the antiviral agent ganciclovir (GCV), showed an inhibiting effect on tumor growth. However, this effect was not seen either on GCV-treated neu-only transgenic mice or on saline-injected controls. This suggests that tk-engineered breast tumors are susceptible to GCV administered locally, and implies that neu-mice could be a useful model for testing the effectiveness of HSVtk-bearing vectors followed by systemic GCV on breast cancer cells.
The Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation on Mycobacteriophages and their Infectious DNAs (1970)

SUMMARY Mycobacteriophages D4, D29, D29A and D32, their isolated DNAs and their host, Mycobacterium smegmatis, atcc 607, are highly resistant to u.v. irradiation. Infective DNA appeared more resistant than intact phage but this difference was in part due to shielding by the greater u.v. absorbency of the DNA solutions. It was, however, also due to the occurrence of non-reversible u.v. damage to phage protein. D29, D29A and D32 and their DNAs showed two-component dose-survival curves, D4 and its DNA were inactivated exponentially, while M. smegmatis showed a non-linear semilog curve with a distinct shoulder in the low-dose region. M. smegmatis possesses a mechanism for reversing u.v. damage to the bacterial genome and to the genome of infecting phage by photoreactivation. Specific dark-repair mechanisms were not identified, except in the case of a significant level of acriflavin-sensitive host-cell reactivation demonstrated for D29. The observed enhancement of survival of heavily irradiated D29 and D4 by pretreatment of the assay bacteria with iodoacetate was interpreted as evidence that a delay of growth and division of the host, and/or a delay of phage replication, contributed indirectly to a dark-repair mechanism.
Distribution of Chronic Prostatitis in Radical Prostatectomy Specimens With Up-Regulation of BCL-2 in Areas of Inflammation (2002)

Chronic prostatitis is a common finding in radical prostatectomy specimens. Inflammation was associated with BPH and cancer but had a greater tendency to be associated with BPH. Bcl-2 was prominently expressed in areas of prostatitis. Our findings indirectly support a potential role for prostatitis in the pathogenesis of BPH.
Evaluation of nonradioactive, colored microspheres for measurement of regional myocardial blood flow in dogs. (1988)

Measurement of regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF) is crucial in experimental studies of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in dogs. The standard measurement technique uses radioactive microspheres; however, not all institutions are able to dispose of radioactive waste and therefore cannot make use of this method. We tested a new, nonradioactive microsphere, labeled with colors instead of nuclides. Simultaneous blood flow measurements with two nuclide-labeled and two colored microspheres were performed after coronary occlusion in dogs. Both techniques show a within-method correlation of r greater than 0.98. Duplicate variability for paired RMBF values in 80 samples was 8.7 +/- 0.1% when computed with radioactive microspheres and 13.2 +/- 1.8% when computed with colored microspheres. There was a good correlation in the measurement of RMBF between the radioactive- and colored-microsphere methods (r = 0.98). The best-fitting linear regression line was expressed by the formula: Colored-microsphere RMBF = 1.11 (radioactive-microsphere RMBF)-0.02. When measured by colored microspheres, RMBF was approximately 8% higher than when computed with radioactive microspheres for blood flow values of 0-2 ml/min/g. When blood flow was increased pharmacologically to levels of 2-7.5 ml/min/g, colored microspheres yielded blood flow values 39% higher than the values computed by radioactive microspheres. We conclude that the nonradioactive, colored-microsphere method correlates with the radioactive technique, but at high flows, it yields values greater than those obtained with radioactive microspheres.
Performance of radar target recognition schemes using neural networks-a comparative study (2002)

Doppler signatures of experimental radar targets have been obtained and processed using conventional signal processing techniques to extract characteristic features. Radar target recognition using adaptive resonance theory, learning vector quantiser, feedforward, and probabilistic neural networks has been attempted. The performance characteristics of the above neural architectures in classifying the experimental radar targets are discussed and the results of a comparative study presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Practical considerations in estimating dimension from time series data (1989)

A numerical comparison is made of algorithms for computing the dimension of attractors using the Grassberger-Procaccia correlation dimension and the Badii-Politi nearest neighbor approach. Using experimentally realizable data sets, the nearest neighbor method appears to have the better power law behavior when the attractor dimension is between 3 and 7.
CYP52 (Cytochrome P450alk) Multigene Family in <i>Candida maltosa</i> : Molecular Cloning and Nucleotide Sequence of the Two Tandemly Arranged Genes (1991)

Southern blot analysis under low-stringency conditions using a previously isolated n-alkane-inducible cytochrome P450 (P450alk) gene as a probe revealed the presence of multiple P450alk-related genes in the genome of Candida maltosa. Nine P450alk-related genes (one reported previously and eight in the present report) were isolated from a genomic library constructed from this strain, and these were classified on the basis of sequence similarities into three pairs of putative allelic genes and three nonallelic genes. Two pairs of these alleles were tandemly arranged in the genome. The complete nucleotide sequences of one of these pairs were determined and compared to other members of this P450 family (CYP52) in C. maltosa and C. tropicalis. Northern blot analysis further showed that these genes were regulated by carbon sources. These results provide evidence for a P450alk (CYP52) multigene family in C. maltosa.
Combination therapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension: do we have the right strategy? (2011)

The management of pulmonary hypertension has already incorporated the use of multiple therapies into routine practice. Available therapies act principally through vasodilatation of the pulmonary arterial circulation through well-delineated mechanisms, although right ventricular function determines function and prognosis. Therefore, the goal of these therapies is effectively to preserve right ventricular function through reducing right ventricular afterload. The clinical trial experience of combination therapy is limited and the optimal combinations and administration strategies have yet to be clarified.
PHOTOREDUCTION OF IRON(III)PORPHYRINS (1981)

— Ferrideuteroporphyrin in benzene, water or micelle solutions containing primary or secondary alcohols as well as in pure or basic 2-propanol solutions is clearly reduced to the ferrous state by continuous light irradiation in the Soret region. Quantum yields range between 4 × 10−4 and 3 × 10−2 depending on the solvents used and on the coordination state of the ferric porphyrin. As inferred from laser pulse photolysis experiments, the primary chemical step appears to be the homolytic cleavage of the bond between the ferric ion and a coordinated alcoholate anion leading to the ferrous porphyrin and the alkoxy radical. This cleavage is found to occur within less than 50 ns. The alkoxy radical rearranges leading to the α-hydroxyalkyl radical which reacts with excess ferric porphyrin leading to further reduction. The reaction rate constant for the reaction of α-hydroxyisopropyl radicals is found to be k = (2.1 ± 0.3) × 108M−1 s−1 in pure 2-propanol. As expected, this rate is greatly increased in basic 2-propanol where α-hydroxyisopropyl radicals deprotonate.
Chitosan/Ellagic Acid Composite Materials for Local Cancer Therapy (2009)

Current advances in the drug delivery have improved the therapeutic efficacy of the drug and minimized risks of side effects associated with toxicity of the drug. Implantable polymeric delivery system has gained increasing attentions for controlled drug release and localized treatments. In comparison to conventional chemotherapy, polymeric delivery systems are implantable at a local targeted site and biodegradable after a sufficient therapeutic span. The objectives of this project were to fabricate and characterize an implantable polymeric vehicle for a local chemotherapy and investigate its biological properties against cancer cells including human WM115 melanoma, human U87 glioblastoma, and rat C6 glioma cells in vitro andin vivo.
Architecture-Aware Adaptive Deployment of Contextual Security Policies (2010)

Deploying a security policy may prove difficult whenever the system does not embed all necessary security functionalities. Some specific functionalities are required to accurately evaluate the contexts viewed as constraints in which some security requirements are to be met. Dynamic or contextual requirements are problematic since they rely on specific functionalities which are not always available in the system or are even impossible to acquire given the current technologies. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that the contextual requirements are always managed and well deployed taking into account the existent functionalities in the system. We present a solution to cope with the following issue: ensuring that the contextual security requirements are always best deployed within the set of functionalities in the system.
Estrogen receptors and breast cancer response to adrenalectomy. (1971)

Results of studies of receptor content of dependent rat mammary tumors suggested that an estimation of the receptor content of a breast cancer specimen might provide a valuable guide for predicting the response of that patient to ablative therapy. This investigation was undertaken both by patients with metastatic disease to correlate their response to adrenalectomy or hypophysectomy and of mastectomy patients to characterize the primary tumor for further correlation with the response to endocrine therapy should the cancer recur. Tumors were obtained as soon as possible after excision. Techniques methods and materials employed are given in detail. When slices of tumor were examined for estradiol affinity by the uptake-inhibition procedure they were found to fall into 2 classes: 1) those showing low uptake not depressed in the presence of nafoxidine or Parke-Davis CI-628 and 2) those showing a larger incorporation which was reduced by the inhibitor. A few showed a borderline pattern. Metastatic tumors presented similar patterns to primary tumors. Positive metastatic tumors usually showed a higher total level of estradiol incorporation than positive primary tumors. Based on the results of 51 mastectomy patients divided equally between positive and negative patterns with 2 borderline cases it is concluded that patients whose breast cancers lack the estrogen receptor substance have little chance of responding to endocrine therapy or ablative surgery. Some of those who possess estrogen-binding proteins will benefit from such treatment. It is possible that those with positive findings may have mixed metastases so that the negative metastases will be unresponsive. False positive reactions may lead to futile treatment but false negative readings may cause omission of treatment that could lead to remissions. Subsequent to the original study additional patients have been added. Of a total of 84 primary tumors 39 showed the presence of an estrogen receptor 38 were negative and 7 were borderline. Of 40 metastatic tumors 12 were positive 25 negative 2 borderline and 1 with multiple metastases showed both positive and negative in different specimens. Of 58 patients with metastatic disease 42 had received some type of endocrine therapy. However 10 of 13 patients whose cancers contained estrogen receptors showed remission with endocrine therapy.
Australasian Catholic Record Revisited (2008)

A brief discussion on what a survey of one hundred years of the journal 'Australasian Catholic Record' (1895-1912 and 1924-2006 inclusive) reveals about Australian church attitudes and the development of Australian priestly traditions is presented. Articles on priesthood which reveal opinions which were predominant at the time are mentioned.
Usability evaluation of touch panel-based mobile device on user interface with multimodal feedback (2012)

We conduct a study to evaluate the user-friendliness of compact input device on multimodal interface. The interface provides visual and auditory feedback while the tactile feedback generated by the rolling unit attached to the Compact input device. Based on these interfaces, a set of experiments is conducted to compare their efficiencies. The measurement criteria used in this experiment are number of characters inputted, the operational time for the task in seconds, and opinion in term of understandability and comfort ability towards settings of the combination of the user interfaces in discrete indices. The experimental results show that with the proper combination of feedback interfaces for the user, the efficiency can be improved by either the reduction in operational time or the increase of accuracy in text inputting. The appropriateness of the combination of interfaces is also justified with the user's satisfaction towards using the device to conduct the predefined text-inputting task.
Modeling Oxidizing Scrubbers for Odor Control (1998)

In an oxidizing scrubber for odor control, the odorant is absorbed in a scrubber and must be oxidized to allow steady-state operation. The rate of absorption depends on the Henry's law coefficient, the gas- and liquid-phase mass transfer coefficients, and the rate of the oxidation reaction. The effect of a liquid-phase reaction on the liquid-phase mass transfer is often expressed in terms of an enhancement factor. Pseudo-first-order reaction rates were estimated for chlorination reactions for selected odorants. For simple amines and ammonia, the pseudo-first-order reaction rate is very fast, resulting in high enhancement factors for typical values of the mass transfer coefficients and odorant liquid-phase diffusion coefficients. For phenol and toluene, the reaction rate is relatively slow, and the enhancement factor is very close to unity.
Tissue-Based Research in Kidney Cancer: Current Challenges and Future Directions (2008)

The past several years have seen unprecedented advances in the application of various therapeutic strategies for the treatment of patients with renal cancer. The availability of active immunotherapy, antiangiogenic therapy, and targeted therapy for this disease has brought front and center issues related to choosing the appropriate treatment for particular patient populations. It is increasingly evident that the most promising treatment selection strategies will incorporate identifying specific features of the tumor itself. To facilitate this move toward personalized medicine, it is critically important to establish some standard principles for renal cancer tissue collection, preparation, and analysis for translational research studies. In this article, we identify and discuss some critical issues related to tissue-based kidney cancer research. We focus on five major areas as follows: (a) surgical and image-guided techniques for tissue collection; (b) quality control of specimen collection, processing, storage, and review; (c) issues related to analysis of paraffin embedded tissues; (d) genomic studies; and (e) assessment of reproducibility of assays across institutions. In addition, some practical implementation strategies are proposed. Although many of the topics discussed are specific for renal cancer, several are also relevant to tissue based biomarker investigations in a broad array of malignancies.
Small Slope Micro/Nano-Electronic Switches (2007)

This paper discusses three categories of small slope electronic switches: the tunnel FET, the IMOS and the NEM-FET, which are expected to bring added value compared to CMOS by presenting an abrupt subthreshold slope, smaller than the physical limit, 60mV/decade, of the solid-state MOS transistor at room temperature. Recent results and future promises are reported.
Amorphous Si-F-H solar cells prepared by dc glow discharge (1980)

Amorphous Si-F-H films were prepared by dc glow discharge in an atmosphere of SiF4 + H2. Optical and electrical measurements have been performed to evaluate the film quality. The photoconductivity of amorphous Si-F-H solar cell showed the efficiency of 1.3% under simulated AM1, 100-mW/cm2 insulation.
A COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL STEADY STATE INTAKE PORT FLOW DATA USING DIGITAL PHYSICS (1999)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A steady-state flowbench measures the mass and angular momentum flux (swirl and tumble) for a given cylinder head intake port design over varying valve lifts and pressure drops. From these two measurements, enhancements in volumetric efficiency and burnrate can be determined. This methodology, however, requires the production and experimental testing of multiple cylinder head castings or soft-prototypes. To help reduce the number of hardware design iterations, an analytical methodology has been developed which uses a new computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation tools called PowerFLOW. From a solid model of the cylinder head, PowerFLOW uses automeshing which produces a 10 million Cartesian volume mesh in 4 CPU hrs. The lattice Boltzmann technique used by PowerFLOW is inherently parallel resulting in steady-state results on this mesh in 36 CPU hrs. This paper present a comparison of numerically obtained mass flow rates from PowerFLOW to experimental flowbench data.</div>
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) Q.921-User Adaptation Layer (2006)

This document defines a protocol for backhauling of ISDN Q.921 User
messages over IP using the Stream Control Transmission Protocol
(SCTP). This protocol would be used between a Signaling Gateway (SG)
and Media Gateway Controller (MGC). It is assumed that the SG receives
ISDN signaling over a standard ISDN interface.
VORKOMMEN, VERBREITUNG UND EIGENSCHAFTEN VON CARZINOGENEN BEI SCHIMMELPILZEN (1968)

Von den bekannten Carzinogenen, die als Stoffwechselprodukte von manchen Schimmelpilzen bei ihrem Wachstum auf Lebens– und Futtermitteln gebildet und ausgeschieden werden können, werden zunächst eingehender die Aflatoxine behandelt. Die chemische Konstitution dieser Cumarinabkömmlinge wird besprochen sowie die Wachstumsbedingungen der sie bildenden Pilze; die Abhängigkeit der Biosynthese von den Nährbodenbestandteilen, vom Wassergehalt, vom Luftsauerstoff und der Temperatur wird erläutert sowie die Handelsprodukte genannt, in welchen bisher Aflatoxine nachgewiesen werden konnten. Bei der Besprechung der Wirkung auf Wirbeltiere wird darauf hingewiesen, daß die Aflatoxine zu den stärksten natürlich vorkommenden Carzinogenen gehören, deren Einfluß auf den menschlichen Organismus aber noch unbekannt ist. Hinweise auf die bisherigen Kenntnisse des Wirkmechanismus, der in manchem an Actinomycin D erinnert und die Möglichkeiten, Aflatoxin zu zerstören, schließen die Ausführungen über das am besten bekannte Mycotoxin ab. Weiter wird über ein chemisch nahe verwandtes Cumarinderivat, das Sterigmatocystin berichtet, über das außer der tumorpromovierenden Wirkung bei wenigen Versuchstierarten noch nicht viel bekannt ist. Im Zusammenhang mit Luteoskyrin, einem Anthrachinon einer Penicilliumart, werden Skyrin und Kugulosin genannt, die ebenfalls von Schimmelpilzen produziert werden, die sehr ähnliche akute Toxicitätsbilder liefern, deren carcinogene Wirkung aber noch nicht untersucht ist. Den Abschluß bildet die Besprechung von Patulin, das von einer Reihe von Pénicillium–Arten synthetisiert werden kann, die häufig auf Lebens– und Futtermitteln vorkommen; Patulin scheint jedoch nur percutan appliziert krebserregend zu wirken.
Systemic dissemination of viral vectors during intratumoral injection. (2003)

Intratumoral injection is a routine method for local viral gene delivery that may improve interstitial transport of viral vectors in tumor tissues and reduce systemic toxicity. However, the concentration of transgene products in normal organs, such as in the liver, may still exceed normal tissue tolerance if the products are highly toxic. The elevated concentration in normal tissues is likely to be caused by the dissemination of viral vectors from the tumor. Therefore, we investigated transgene expression in the liver, the serum, and a mouse mammary carcinoma (4T1) in mice after intratumoral injection of adenoviral vectors for mouse interleukin-12, luciferase, enhanced green fluorescence protein, or beta-galactosidase. We also performed numerical simulations of virus transport in tumors after intratumoral injection, based on the Krogh cylinder model. Our experimental data and numerical simulations demonstrated that virus dissemination was significant in mice and it occurred mainly during the intratumoral injection. To reduce virus dissemination, we mixed these vectors with a viscous alginate solution and injected the mixture into the tumors. Our data showed that the alginate solution could significantly reduce virus dissemination while having minimal effects on transgene expression in tumors and on interleukin-12-induced tumor growth delay. These data suggest that virus dissemination is a potential problem in local viral gene therapy of cancer and that the dissemination could be significantly reduced by the alginate solution without compromising the efficacy of gene therapy.
CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Promising Opportunities beyond Breast Cancer (2016)

Patnaik and colleagues report on the safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary efficacy of abemaciclib for the treatment of advanced solid cancers, demonstrating antitumor activity in advanced breast cancers as well as glioblastoma, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and ovarian cancer. The development of abemaciclib and other CDK4/6 inhibitors should now be fully optimized through the use of novel predictive biomarkers of response and rational combinations. Cancer Discov; 6(7); 697-9. ©2016 AACRSee related article by Patnaik et al., p. 740.