gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using near Infrared and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy on Lake Sediments for Reconstruction of Past Climate and Measurement of Organic Carbon Concentration in Lake Water over the Past 10,000 Years (2007)

Our second article in this issue concerned with climate change. One key to predicting future changes is to learn from the past using, for example, lake sediments. This article summarises some work done at Umea University to help answer these questions
Analysis and optimization of anechoic chambers equipped with ferrite and hybrid absorbers using FIT-FD (1997)

The new uniform standards for EMC-testing in Europe have strengthened the specifications on electronic products to qualify for the CE-Label. A new method is shown to analyze and optimize anechoic chambers using the finite integration technique, which is based on the well-known finite difference method. A numerical algorithm is introduced for calculation of the electromagnetic fields inside anechoic chambers equipped with ferrite or hybrid absorbers. The modifications in the numerical algorithm are described and the results are verified. Further, a proper discretisation for ferrite tiles is developed and examined. Since the thickness of the ferrite tiles is small in comparison to the dimension of anechoic chambers, it is necessary to model the tiles with a fine mesh. However it is not feasible to model the whole chamber with a fine mesh, because of the computational load. The solution is to insert a step in the mesh width requiring less memory than a smooth transition between the mesh widths. It is shown that the results are accurate if some conventions are considered. The numerical results are verified by comparison with analytical solutions. It is also shown that chambers equipped with ferrite absorbers obtain better performance than those equipped with foam absorbers at frequencies lower than 500 MHz.
Temperature-dependence of noise figure of monolithic RF transformers on a thin (20 /spl mu/m) silicon substrate (2005)

We demonstrate an analysis of the effect of temperature (from -45/spl deg/C to 175/spl deg/C) on the quality factor (Q-factor) and noise figure (NF) performances of monolithic RF transformers on both normal (700 μm) and thin (20 μm) silicon substrates. The results show a 36% reduction in minimum NF (NF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</sub> ) at 5 GHz and a 40.9% increase in maximum Q-factor (Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> ) if the silicon substrate is thinned down from 700 to 20 μm, which means the silicon substrate thinning is effective in improving the Q-factor and NF performances of transformers. The present analysis is helpful for RF engineers to design less temperature-sensitive low-voltage supply transformer-feedback low-noise amplifiers and voltage-controlled-oscillators, and other radio-frequency integrated circuits which include transformers.
Operation-oriented design of decision support systems (2012)

Operation-oriented design is a practical approach to develop a robust business solution that can reduce reengineering effort and improve reusability. Taking implementing forecast engine for business operation planning process as an example, we first discuss the requirement from operational perspective, including data sources, analytic capability. So that we can design and develop a smart and integrated supply chain, the computer implemented and Internet connected information system that aligns with its supported business process. In our example, we start with how to assess product demand from analyzing sale history and product lifecycle specification and correlating with external economic indicators. The proposed flexible IT system will enable collaboration between users in the product planning process, provides configurable and extensible platform and makes intelligent prediction of product demand incorporating market trend and product lifecycle information. Such an IT system provides not only business process's visibility but also analytic capability and intelligent decision support.
Software reliability via run-time result-checking (1997)

We review the field of result-checking, discussing simple checkers and self-correctors. We argue that such checkers could profitably be incorporated in software as an aid to efficient debugging and enhanced reliability. We consider how to modify traditional checking methodologies to make them more appropriate for use in real-time, real-number computer systems. In particular, we suggest that checkers should be allowed to use stored randomness: that is, that they should be allowed to generate, preprocess, and store random bits prior to run-time, and then to use this information repeatedly in a series of run-time checks. In a case study of checking a general real-number linear transformation (e.g., a Fourier Transform), we present a simple checker which uses stored randomness, and a self-corrector which is particularly efficient if stored randomness is employed.
Initial Characterization of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Rat Hippocampal Neurons (1991)

The properties of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in primary cultures of hippocampal cells from fetal rats (17-18 days gestation) were studied using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique in Na(+)-external, Cs(+)-internal and nominally Mg(2+)-free solutions. The nicotinic agonists acetylcholine, (+)anatoxin-a, and (-) and (+)nicotine all evoked inward whole-cell currents in hippocampal neurons that were voltage clamped near their resting potentials. Sensitivity to (+)anatoxin-a was first detected at around day 6, and thereafter the magnitude of the response increased as a function of number of days in culture up to about 40 days. The whole-cell current waveforms consisted of more than one peak whose relative amplitude depended on the agonist concentration. These currents were reversibly blocked by micromolar concentrations of d-tubocurarine, mecamylamine, and dihydro-beta-erythroidine. At nanomolar concentrations, neuronal bungarotoxin, alpha-bungarotoxin and alpha-cobratoxin caused an irreversible blockade of the currents but they were unaffected by tetrodotoxin, atropine, DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid, Mg2+, and 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione. In addition, the currents were also blocked in a reversible manner by methyllycaconitine at picomolar concentration. The current-voltage plots elicited by both (+)anatoxin-a and acetylcholine revealed larger inward currents and smaller or no outward currents. The present results demonstrate the existence of an inwardly rectifying, snake neurotoxin-sensitive functional nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ion channel in rat hippocampal neurons.
Realisation of high frequency GaAs switched capacitor filters using insulated gate switches (1991)

The design and evaluation of a first-order switched capacitor (SC) filter system using GaAs IGFET switches is described. The use of IGFET switches greatly eases the difficulties encountered in the realization of analog switch circuitry using MESFETs alone. The benefits accruing from this include reduced power consumption and circuit complexity. The system is fabricated on two separate dice mounted in a common package.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Formation of Inclusion Complexes of Monodisperse Oligo(ethylene glycol)s with .alpha.-Cyclodextrin (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation of Inclusion Complexes of Monodisperse Oligo(ethylene glycol)s with .alpha.-CyclodextrinAkira Harada, Jun Li, and Mikiharu KamachiCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 16, 4538–4543Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00094a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00094a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views725Altmetric-Citations138LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[The continuous analysis of EEG's alpha wave by morlet wavelet transform]. (2010)

Complex Morlet wavelets, as a wavelet function, is most commonly used in the time-frequency analysis of EEG signal and in the extraction of the instantaneous power and phase. This article explains how to use the Morlet wavelet transform for obtaining EEG's alpha wave energy distribution over time, and how to use the EEG data of mental arithmetic experiment for obtaining the changes of the alpha wave duration.
Pyroelectronics: Novel device concepts based on nitride interfaces (1999)

A key property of nitrides is their large spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization fields that allow significant tailoring of the carrier dynamics and optical properties of nitride devices. In this article, based on first-principles calculations of structural and electronic properties of bulk nitrides and their heterostructures, we investigate the potential of this novel material class for modern device applications by performing self-consistent Monte Carlo simulations. We demonstrate that the internal electric fields have a significant and favorable influence on the transistor characteristics.
Protein F1 Is Required for Efficient Entry of Streptococcus pyogenes into Epithelial Cells (1998)

It was recently reported that strains of Streptococcus pyogenes are capable of inducing entry of the bacterium into epithelial cells; however, nothing is known regarding the gene(s) and the underlying mechanism(s) involved. Using isogenic mutants of S. pyogenes JRS4 strain that are defective in the expression of each of the surface proteins F1 and M6, it was demonstrated that both are required for efficient internalization. Expression of F1 on the surface of a poorly invading S. pyogenes strain significantly enhances its internalization efficiency. Protein F1-mediated internalization is inhibited by UR, the nonrepetitive fibronectin-binding domain of this protein, and to a lesser extent, by the repetitive fibronectin-binding domain, RD2. Polyclonal anti-human fibronectin antibodies completely abolish F1-mediated internalization; increasing fibronectin concentrations result in a significant enhancement of bacterial uptake. The findings shown here suggest that protein F1 mediates streptococcal internalization and that the M6 protein is required for more efficient entry of the bacterium.
Mn-Mg Co-Substitution for Co in LiCoO<sub>2</sub> and NMC (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Optimal electricity purchasing model for smart homes using genetic algorithm (2016)

This paper presents an optimal electricity purchasing model for smart homes using a binary genetic algorithm. The model guides the user on how to use their household appliances in order to satisfy their monthly electricity budget while taking into account their preferred use of appliances. Unlike the currently available models, the proposed model provides a flexible method that is easily implementable by the customer. The results show that it is possible for the customer to obtain a time allocation of when to use their appliances in order to meet their budget while ensuring that the customer's preferred appliances are allocated more time.
A Novel MYBS3-Dependent Pathway Confers Cold Tolerance in Rice   (2010)

Abstract Rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings are particularly sensitive to chilling in early spring in temperate and subtropical zones and in high-elevation areas. Improvement of chilling tolerance in rice may significantly increase rice production. MYBS3 is a single DNA-binding repeat MYB transcription factor previously shown to mediate sugar signaling in rice. In this study, we observed that MYBS3 also plays a critical role in cold adaptation in rice. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses indicated that MYBS3 was sufficient and necessary for enhancing cold tolerance in rice. Transgenic rice constitutively overexpressing MYBS3 tolerated 4°C for at least 1 week and exhibited no yield penalty in normal field conditions. Transcription profiling of transgenic rice overexpressing or underexpressing MYBS3 led to the identification of many genes in the MYBS3-mediated cold signaling pathway. Several genes activated by MYBS3 as well as inducible by cold have previously been implicated in various abiotic stress responses and/or tolerance in rice and other plant species. Surprisingly, MYBS3 repressed the well-known DREB1/CBF-dependent cold signaling pathway in rice, and the repression appears to act at the transcriptional level. DREB1 responded quickly and transiently while MYBS3 responded slowly to cold stress, which suggests that distinct pathways act sequentially and complementarily for adapting short- and long-term cold stress in rice. Our studies thus reveal a hitherto undiscovered novel pathway that controls cold adaptation in rice.
Quantitation of Radiolabeled Compounds Eluting from the HPLC System (1982)

Three techniques are compared for the quantitation of various radiolabeled compounds eluting in the high performance liquid chromatography system. The first technique requires fraction-collecting the effluent from the HPLC, removing an aliquot to scintillation vials, and counting each fraction in a liquid scintillation counter. The second uses direct interface of the HPLC effluent to a flow-through radioactivity detector. The third involves quantitation of various radiolabeled compounds (proteins, steroids, and nucleotides) by splitting the effluent from the HPLC with an electronic steam splitter, thus diverting a present portion to the fraction collector for further chemical characterization and the remainder to the radioactivity flow detector for direct quantitation. A direct comparison of the chromatograms and the radioactivity counting efficiencies of these three techniques is presented.
Implantable pulse oximetry on subcutaneous tissue (2014)

Blood oxygen saturation is one of the most prominent measurement parameters in daily clinical routine. However up to now, it is not possible to continuously monitor this parameter reliably in mobile patients. High-risk patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases could benefit from long-term monitoring of blood oxygen saturation. In this paper, we present a minimally invasive, implantable patient monitor which is capable of monitoring vital signs. The capability of this multimodal sensor to subcutaneously determine blood pressure, pulse and ECG has been demonstrated earlier. This paper focuses on monitoring of blood oxygen saturation. Even though the signal amplitudes are much weaker than for standard extracorporeal measurements, photoplethysmographic signals were recorded with high quality in vivo directly on subcutaneous muscle tissue. For the first time, it has been shown that blood oxygen saturation can be measured with an implantable, but extravascular sensor. The sensor was implanted for two weeks in a sheep and did not cause any complications. This opens new perspectives for home monitoring of patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Evaluation of the pacing rate response to treadmill exercise using computer simulation of a temperature-based, rate-adaptive algorithm. (1988)

A temperature-based, rate-adaptive, pacing algorithm was developed to benefit the patient. Rate-adaptive pacemakers use a physiologic parameter to identify the need for increased pacing rate. Parameters that have been clinically investigated include venous pH, Q-T interval, respiration, body motion, and blood temperature. The objective of this study was to provide pacing rates resembling normal heart rates in response to various levels and types of activity. A rapid response time (within 30 s of exercise onset) was also sought. Blood temperature, which reflects metabolic activity of all regions, was selected as the physiologic parameter. Right ventricular blood temperature was recorded in 25 patients with implanted Kelvin 500 pacemakers (Cook Pacemaker) during rest and treadmill exercise. The patient population included 16 men and 9 women, age 44-81 years (mean = 72). Indications for pacing were sinus node disease, atrioventricular block, and atrial fibrillation with slow ventricular response. The temperature changed with physical activity and emotional stress. Temperature typically dropped briefly at exercise onset, increased with continued exercise, and returned to the resting level after exercise. These components were employed in developing the temperature-based rate-adaptive algorithm, which was designed to use the rate of temperature change (dT/dt), temperature change (delta T), and baseline temperature (T). The temperature profiles were used to produce simulated pacing rates as determined by the algorithm. The drop in temperature at onset of activity was utilized to provide a rapid increase in pacing rate. As dT/dt became positive and delta T increased, pacing rate was further increased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Markov Model of Switching-Regime ARCH (1994)

Abstract In this article I present a new approach to model more realistically the variability of financial time series. I develop a Markov-ARCH model that incorporates the features of both Hamilton's switching-regime model and Engle's autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH) model to examine the issue of volatility persistence in the monthly excess returns of the three-month treasury bill. The issue can be resolved by taking into account occasional shifts in the asymptotic variance of the Markov-ARCH process that cause the spurious persistence of the volatility process. I identify two periods during which there is a regime shift, the 1974:2–1974:8 period associated with the oil shock and the 1979:9–1982:8 period associated with the Federal Reserve's policy change. The variance approached asymptotically in these two episodes is more than 10 times as high as the asymptotic variance for the remainder of the sample. I conclude that regime shifts have a greater impact on the properties of the data, and I cannot reject the null hypothesis of no ARCH effects within the regimes. As a consequence of the striking findings in this article, previous empirical results that adopt an ARCH approach in modeling monthly or lower frequency interest-rate dynamics are rendered questionable. KEY WORDS: Asymptotic varianceAutoregressive conditional heteroscedasticitySwitching-regime
Case 7-1973 (1973)

Presentation of CaseA newborn girl, aged eight hours, was admitted to the hospital because of petechiae.The child was the product of a 39-week gestation in a gravida 2, 23-year-old mother. The pregnancy was complicated by a febrile illness without a rash at three months and by diarrhea on several occasions in the final trimester. The child's mother gave a history of rubella in. childhood; her blood group was A, Rh positive; a serologic test for syphilis was negative. The Apgar score at birth was 8 on a scale of 10, and the birth weight was 1.8 kg. There . . .
An Analysis of the Security of Windows NT (1998)

This paper presents an analysis of the security in Windows NT 4.0, working in both stand-alone and networking mode. The objective of the work was to find out how secure this operating system actually is. A technical overview of the system, and in particular its security features is given. The system security was analyzed and practical intrusion attempts were made in order to verify vulnerabilities or to find new ones. All vulnerabilities are described in detail and classified according to a classification scheme. A comparison to commonly known UNIX weaknesses was made. It revealed generic similarities between the two systems to a surprisingly high degree. Finally a number of recommendations are given. The paper concludes that there are ample opportunities to improve the security of Windows NT. We have reason to believe that it is probably not higher than that of UNIX
Multimodal sensor fusion of cardiac signals via blind deconvolution: A source-filter approach (2014)

Sensor fusion is a growing field within the medical signal processing community. Traditionally, it is performed implicitly by the physician when diagnosing the state of a patient from various measurement modalities such as electrocardiography (ECG), arterial blood pressure (ABP) or photoplethysmography (PPG). These may represent different physical quantities like voltage, pressure or scattering properties and are modulated by various physiological conditions and artifacts. Still, they originate from a single source, the heart. In signal processing, this is known as a single-input-multiple-output (SIMO) system and several approaches to estimate the source are known. In this paper, a blind deconvolution approach is chosen and adapted for physiological signals. The feasibility and robustness is shown using simulated data. Moreover, the approach is validated on real data recorded in a polysomnography setting, fusing PPG and Ballistocardiography (BCG).
A comparison of the productivity, quality, shelf-life characteristics and consumer reaction to the crop from cherry tomato plants grown at different levels of salinity (1990)

AbstractCherry tomatoes, cv. Gardeners Delight, were grown by the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) in solutions having electrical conductivity of 3,5 or 8dS m-1. No significant differences in weight yield were observed until the salinity reached the 8 dS level. Whereas the dry-matter content of the fruit as a percentage of fresh weight increased at the higher conductivity levels, mean fresh and dry weights and the diameter of individual fruits decreased. The sodium content and titratable acidity in the fruit sap were significantly raised when plants were grown at the higher conductivities, but the reducing sugar and potassium contents were less affected. A taste trial involving 167 participants revealed a general preference for the 5 dS fruit. Cherry tomatoes were shown to be highly sensitive to mechanical stress, exemplified by a sharp increase in ethylene production and a reduction in the storage life of the fruit. There was some evidence of greater resistance to damage by fruit grown at 8 dS compared with those grown at lower conductivity levels. Nutrient solutions can thus be held at 5 dS with little loss in total fruit yield but with beneficial effects on fruit size and flavour. The storage characteristics of fruit from plants grown at salinity levels above normal were not impaired.