gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Whey Protein and Acetylated Monoglyceride Edible Coatings:  Effect on the Rancidity Process of Walnuts (1997)

Whey protein isolate (WPI)-based coatings and distilled acetylated monoglyceride (AMG)-based coatings were evaluated for their ability to delay the oxidative rancidity of walnut pieces. Tocopherol (Toco) and ascorbyl palmitate (AP) were added to improve the performance of the coatings. Results indicate that, despite the low oxygen permeability and good continuity of the WPI coatings, there was no significant delay in the oxidative rancidity of walnuts. Shrinking of the WPI coating during drying, resulting in the pressing of some oil out of the walnut tissue, is likely the cause of the lack of effect of the WPI coatings. All AMG coatings resulted in increased shelf life of walnut pieces. After 70 days, the delay in the rancidity was as long as in the case of walnuts treated with butylated hydroxytoluene. Addition of Toco and AP in the AMG coatings had a positive effect in delaying the rancidity. Keywords: Whey protein; acetylated monoglycerides; coatings; walnuts; rancidity
Generation of CW THz radiation by optical heterodyne with diode lasers and LTG-GaAs photoconductors (2002)

The absolute power and the spectral profile of the CW THz radiation generated by optical heterodyne with diode lasers and LTG-GaAs photoconductors is discussed. An output radiation of l-nW order and a linewidth of 30 MHz were obtained. These values can be easily improved by employing current techniques for stabilizing diode lasers and by the fabrication of high-photoconductivity devices.
Effect of a kinin antagonist on the acute antihypertensive activity of enalaprilat in severe hypertension. (1988)

The purpose of this study was to assess the role of kinins in the acute antihypertensive effect of the converting enzyme inhibitor (CEI) enalaprilat in rats with severe hypertension induced by aortic ligation between both renal arteries. For this study, we used a bradykinin analogue, D-Arg-Arg-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Thi-Ser-DPhe-Thi-Arg-TFA, with in vivo antagonistic properties. Hypertensive rats were infused intra-aortically for 15 minutes with either saline (30 microliters/min) or the kinin antagonist (40 micrograms/kg/min). Five minutes after the infusion was begun, a bolus injection of enalaprilat (60 micrograms/kg) was given. The blood pressure of the saline-infused animals decreased 48 +/- 6 mm Hg (from 180 +/- 7 to 132 +/- 7 mm Hg), while that of the rats treated with the antagonist decreased only 21 +/- 4 mm Hg (from 175 +/- 3 to 154 +/- 3 mm Hg). The difference between both decrements was significant (p less than 0.01). In another group of hypertensive animals (n = 9), we measured kinin concentration in plasma from arterial blood before and after administration of CEI (41 +/- 10 vs 68 +/- 20 pg/ml, respectively; NS). These results are consistent with the hypothesis that kinins play a role in the acute antihypertensive effect of CEIs in rats with severe hypertension. However, since arterial blood kinin concentrations were not increased significantly after CEI administration, the effect of the CEI may be due to an increase in tissue kinins, which could act as autacoids regulating vascular resistance.
Wireless sensor network denial of sleep attack (2005)

With the progression of computer networks extending boundaries and joining distant locations, wireless sensor networks (WSN) emerge as the new frontier in developing opportunities to collect and process data from remote locations. Like IEEE 802.3 wired and IEEE 802.11 wireless networks, remote wireless sensor networks are vulnerable to malicious attacks. While wired and infrastructure-based wireless networks have mature intrusion detection systems and sophisticated firewalls to block these attacks, wireless sensor networks have only primitive defenses. WSNs rely on hardware simplicity to make sensor field deployments both affordable and long-lasting without any maintenance support. Energy-constrained sensor networks periodically place nodes to sleep in order to extend the network lifetime. Denying sleep effectively attacks each sensor node's critical energy resources and rapidly drains the network's lifetime. This paper analyzes the energy resource vulnerabilities of wireless sensor networks, models the network lifetimes of leading WSN medium access control (MAC) protocols, and proposes a new MAC protocol which mitigates many of the effects of denial of sleep attacks.
Immunochemical Characterization of Ovomucoid from Japanese Quail Egg White Using Monoclonal Antibodies. (1999)

The ovomucoid of Japanese quail egg white is known as a proteinase inhibitor or protein component responsible for egg allergy. In order to characterize the antigenic properties of ovomucoid in relation to its molecular structure, we have prepared two monoclonal antibodies, E9 (IgG1) and E11 (IgG1), recognizing distinct epitopes from each other. These monoclonal antibodies bound to the SDS/mercaptoethanol-treated ovomucoid, but not to the reductively carboxymethylated and pyridylethylated ovomucoid. By immunoblotting analysis of the peptic digests of ovomucoid, it was shown that E9 bound to the fragment consisting of two domains, I and II, of the ovomucoid, and that E11 reacted with the fragment containing domain III. These results indicate that the antigenic activity depends on the conformational structure of domains tightly folded by disulfide linkages. Ovomucoids from hen and duck were also recognized by both the antibodies, although having less affinity compared to the one from Japanese quail. These antibodies proved to be effective in establishing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system for quantitative analysis of quail ovomucoid.
p10 genes of Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus and Autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus. (1995)

EcoR I-P fragment has been cloned from Autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) genomic DNA and used as a probe. 0.5-kb and 1.1-kb fragments including p10 gene from Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) have been hybridized. The p10 ORF was located in the EcoR I-R fragment. Initiation codon ATG of p10 from BmNPV has been mutated by PCR, and the ATG region became a Bgl II site. A novel transfer vector pBmAcPV-1 has been constructed using both the p10 5'-flanking region whose initiation codon ATG has been mutated with BmNPV and the p10 3'-flanking region of AcMNPV. The vector can recombine with not only AcMNPV DNA to express foreign gene in Sf cells, but also BmNPV DNA to express foreign gene in Bm cells. CAT gene was expressed at high level in Bm cells under the control of the mutated p10 promoter of BmNPV.
Genetic Variation for Traits Related to Temperate Adaptation of Rice Cultivars (1997)

Rice ( Oryza saliva L.) is cultivated in diverse environments including temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions. Temperate rice areas are dominated by the japonica subspecies, while indica cultivars are confined to the tropical or subtropical zones. The present study was conducted to characterize a diverse set of predominately japonica rice cultivars for traits related to adaptation to temperate environments. The 117 cultivars were previously classified into indica and two japonica (temperate and tropical) groups based on RAPD markers. While considerable diversity existed within groups, temperate japonica cultivars had better seedling‐stage cold tolerance (i.e., less chlorosis at 9 and 13°C treatments), higher seedling vigor, shorter growth duration, higher panicle exsertion, and lower threshability (i.e., less shattering or seed shedding) than indica cultivars. Cultivars from the same class were grouped together based on principal components analysis using the above traits, but the distributions were continuous. Tropical japonica cultivars were usually intermediate between temperate japonicas and indicas; however, there was no appreciable difference in seedling cold tolerance between tropical and temperate japonicas. Despite their association with tropical environments, the tropical japonicas possess many of the traits relative to low‐temperature adaptation present in the temperate types.
Mechanisms of microbial movement in subsurface materials (1989)

The biological factors important in the penetration of Escherichia coli through anaerobic, nutrient-saturated, Ottawa sand-packed cores were studied under static conditions. In cores saturated with galactose-peptone medium, motile strains of E. coli penetrated four times faster than mutants defective only in flagellar synthesis. Motile, nonchemotactic mutants penetrated the cores faster than did the chemotactic parental strain. This, plus the fact that a chemotactic galactose mutant penetrated cores saturated with peptone medium at the same rate with or without a galactose gradient, indicates that chemotaxis may not be required for bacterial penetration through unconsolidated porous media. The effect of gas production on bacterial penetration was studied by using motile and nonmotile E. coli strains together with their respective isogenic non-gas-producing mutants. No differences were observed between the penetration rates of the two motile strains through cores saturated with peptone medium with or without galactose. However, penetration of both nonmotile strains was detected only with galactose. The nonmotile, gas-producing strain penetrated cores saturated with galactose-peptone medium five to six times faster than did the nonmotile, non-gas-producing mutant, which indicates that gas production is an important mechanism for the movement of nonmotile bacteria through unconsolidated porous media. For motile strains, the penetration rate decreased with increasing galactose concentrations in the core and with decreasing inoculum sizes. Also, motile strains with the faster growth rates had faster penetration rates. These results imply that, for motile bacteria, the penetration rate is regulated by the in situ bacterial growth rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
<b>Transmitter IQ skew calibration in coherent transceivers based on DSP</b> (2018)

A calibration technique for transmitter in-phase/quadrature skews based on signal image spectrum measurement performed by DSP is proposed. Sub-picosecond accuracy of the technique is shown in numerical simulations and experiment.
Antioxidant Inhibition of Cholesterol Oxidation in a Spray‐Dried Food System during Accelerated Storage (1995)

ABSTRACT Spray‐dried egg yolk was used to evaluate antioxidant inhibition of cholesterol oxidation during accelerated (CU +2 and heat) storage. Liquid yolk was treated with equimolar amounts of BHA (0.01%, w/w of lipid), ascorbyl palmitate (0.023%), or a tocopherol blend (0.023%). Yolk batches were spray‐dried, stored at 60 ± 2°C for up to 28 days, and analyzed for cholesterol oxidation products (COPS) using gas chroma‐tography. COP levels generally increased during storage with 7‐ketocholesterol predominant. Significant antioxidant effects were manifest in decreased levels of 7‐ketocholesterol, 7α‐ and 7β‐hydroxycholesterol; while cholestane‐triol and cholesterol‐5,6‐epoxide levels were not affected. All antioxidants showed significant inhibitive effects relative to the control, and tocopherols were more effective than ascorbyl palmitate.
$O(\log W)$ Multidimensional Packet Classification (2007)

We use a collection of hash tables to represent a multidimensional packet classification table. These hash tables are derived from a trie-representation of the multidimensional classifier. The height of this trie is O(W), where W is the sum of the maximum possible length, in bits, of each of the fields of a filter. The leaves at level i of the trie together with markers for some of the leaves at levels j such that j>i are stored in a hash table H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> . The placement of markers is such that a binary search of the H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> 's successfully locates the highest-priority filter that matches any given packet. The number of hash tables equals the trie height, O(W). Hence, a packet may be classified by performing O(logW) hash-table lookups. So the expected lookup-complexity of our data structure for multidimensional packet classification is O(logW). Our proposed scheme affords a memory advantage over the O(logW) 1-D scheme of Waldvogel For multidimensional packet classification, our proposed scheme provides both a time and memory advantage over the extended grid-of-tries scheme of Baboescu et al
Si/TiSi<sub>2</sub> Heteronanostructures as High-Capacity Anode Material for Li Ion Batteries (2010)

We synthesized a unique heteronanostructure consisting of two-dimensional TiSi(2) nanonets and particulate Si coating. The high conductivity and the structural integrity of the TiSi(2) nanonet core were proven as great merits to permit reproducible Li(+) insertion and extraction into and from the Si coating. This heteronanostructure was tested as the anode material for Li(+) storage. At a charge/discharge rate of 8400 mA/g, we measured specific capacities >1000 mAh/g. Only an average of 0.1% capacity fade per cycle was observed between the 20th and the 100th cycles. The combined high capacity, long capacity life, and fast charge/discharge rate represent one of the best anode materials that have been reported. The remarkable performance was enabled by the capability to preserve the crystalline TiSi2 core during the charge/discharge process. This achievement demonstrates the potency of this novel heteronanostructure design as an electrode material for energy storage.
Divergent Syntheses of 2-Aminonicotinonitriles and Pyrazolines by Copper-Catalyzed Cyclization of Oxime Ester (2014)

Copper-catalyzed cyclization of an oxime ester toward divergent heterocycle synthesis is reported. Oxime ester serves as an enamine precursor to cyclize with malononitrile and aldehydes for access to 2-aminonicotinonitriles in a one-pot reaction, while cyclizing with N-sulfonylimines leads to synthesis of pyrazolines.
Expression of growth hormone receptor in human prostatic carcinoma and hyperplasia. (1999)

By reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction the transcript of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) was proved in 21 human prostatic carcinomas and 19 benign prostatic hyperplasias. A new method for extracting RNA from paraffin-embedded tissue was established. Western immunoblotting using the monoclonal antibody mAb 263 revealed that the growth hormone receptor protein is equally expressed in prostatic carcinoma and hyperplasia. As shown by immunohistochemistry, the GHR protein is synthesized in the epithelial cells of the tumor acini. On the contrary, GHR was not found in normal prostatic epithelium. Our results imply that the growth hormone receptor may facilitate prostatic tumor cell growth.
Polarisation-independent antireflection coatings for semiconductor optical amplifiers (1988)

A new, simple and accurate method to compute the TM reflectivity of multilayer coatings deposited on laser diodes is presented. This is then applied to the optimisation of antireflection coatings. With two-layer coatings it is possible to have near-zero reflectivity for both TE and TM polarisations at some wavelength, and to maintain it below 10−4 over 100 nm.
Fluorescence detection and photodynamic activity of endogenous protoporphyrin in human skin (1992)

Human skin shows a strong autofluorescence in the red spectral region with main peaks around 600, 620, and 640 nm caused by the porphyrin production of the gram positive lipophile skin bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. Irradiation of these bacteria reduces the integral fluorescence intensity and induces the formation of photoproducts with fluorescence bands around 670 nm and decay times of about 1 and 5 ns. The photoproduct formation is connected with an increased absorption in the red spectral region. The endogenous fluorescent porphyrins act as photosensitizers. Photodestruction of Propionibacteria acnes by visible light appears therefore to be a promising therapy. The photodynamic activity of the photoproducts is lower than that of protoporphyrin IX.
CD38 Compared with ZAP-70 or Immmunoglobulin Mutation Status as Predictor of Disease Progression in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. (2004)

Abstract We performed immunophenotypic and IgVH mutation analyses on the chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells of 307 patients for expression of CD38, ZAP-70, and IgVH mutation status to determine the relative strength of each in predicting the need for early treatment. For this we assessed the time from diagnosis to initial therapy for progressive and/or symptomatic disease. Patients confirmed to have remained untreated were censored for this endpoint. Expression of CD38 was defined as the proportion of CD38-stained CLL cells that had fluorescence intensity above a defined threshold. Similarly, cases were defined as ZAP-70+ when 20% or more of the ZAP-70-stained CLL cells had fluorescence intensity above a defined threshold, as described (NEJM351:893, 2004). CLL cells were classified as expressing mutated IgVH genes if they expressed IgVH with &lt;98% homology with a known germline IgVH gene. The median percentage of cells expressing CD38 in our cohort was 11.5% (range 0.1% to 99.5%). In patients with multiple samples, the CD38 expression level appeared constant over time, with a median S.D. of 0.8%. We defined patient samples that had CD38 expression levels at or below the median as having low expression. There was a significant association between low expression of CD38 and lack of ZAP-70 or expression of a mutated IgVH (p &lt; 0.0001 for each assessment by the Fisher exact test). Median level of CD38 among cases expressing mutated IgVH was 4.0%, compared to 27.4% among cases expressing unmutated IgVH (p &lt; 0.0001 by the Wilcoxon rank sum test). Median level of CD38 among ZAP-70 negative cases was 5.3%, compared to 27.2% among ZAP-70+ cases (p &lt; 0.0001 by the Wilcoxon rank sum test). Patients with low-level expression of CD38 had a median time to initiation of therapy of 8.2 years; whereas, patients with high-level expression of CD38 had a median time to initiation of therapy of 4.0 years (p&lt;0.0001). Although high-level expression of CD38 was associated with a shorter time from diagnosis to initiation of therapy (p &lt; 0.0001 in a Cox proportional hazards regression), the inclusion of IgVH mutation status (p &lt; 0.0001) or expression of ZAP-70 (p &lt; 0.0001) in these models reduced the contribution of CD38 status to a p-value of 0.051 (ZAP-70 model) or 0.052 (mutation status model). Although ZAP-70 expression and mutation status each contributed significantly to the hazard of initiating therapy in a Cox proportional hazards model, high-level expression of CD38 did not add significantly to the model that already addresses ZAP-70 and mutational status, p=0.425. As such, although knowledge of the CD38 expression level can be used as a predictor of the time from diagnosis to the initiation of therapy it provides only marginal value if either the IgVH mutational status or expression of ZAP-70 is known and no value if knowledge of both ZAP-70 expression and IgVH mutational status is available.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of Benzopyrano‐2‐isoxazolines. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Improvements to technology mapping for LUT-based FPGAs (2006)

The paper presents several improvements to state-of-the-art in FPGA technology mapping exemplified by a recent advanced technology mapper DAOmap [Chen and Cong, ICCAD '04]. Improved cut enumeration computes all K-feasible cuts without pruning for up to 7 inputs for the largest MCNC benchmarks. A new technique for on-the-fly cut dropping reduces by orders of magnitude memory needed to represent cuts for large designs. Improved area recovery leads to mappings with area on average 7% smaller than DAOmap, while preserving delay optimality when starting from the same optimized netlists. Applying mapping with structural choices derived by a synthesis flow on average reduces delay by 7% and area by 14%, compared to DAOmap.
Non-clinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and safety findings for the antihistamine bepotastine besilate (2010)

Non-clinical in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated bepotastine is a histamine H(1) receptor antagonist with favorable pharmacokinetic, pharmacologic, safety, and antihistamine properties as well as operating on other pathways leading to allergic inflammation beyond those directly involving the histamine H(1) receptor.
Calculations for Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducers (1986)

Analysis of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers implies a solution of a boundary value problem, for a boay which consists of different materials, including a piezoelectric part. The problem is dynamic at frequencies, where a typical wavelength is somewhat less than the size of the body. Radiation losses as well as internal losses may be important. Due to the complexity of the problem, a closed form solution is the exception rather than the rule. For this reason, it is necessary to use approximate methods for the analysis. (Continued next page) May 1986 Riso National laboratory, DK 4000 Roskilde, Denmark Equivalent circuits, the Rayieigh-Ritz method, Mindlin plate theory and in particular the finite element method are considered. The finite element method is utilized for analysis of axisymmetric transducers. An explicit, fully piezoelectric, triangular ring element, with linear variations in displacememnt and electric potential is given. The influence of a fluid half-space is also given, in the form of a complex stiffness matrix. A special stacking procedure, for analysis of the backing has been developed. This procedure gives a saving, which is similar to that of the fast fourier transform algorithm, and is also wellsuited for analysis of finite and infinite waveguides. Results optained by the finite element method are shown and compared with measurements and exact solutions. Good agreement is obtained. It is concluded that the finite element method can be a valueable tool in analysis and design of ultrasonic transducers. Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Lic.Techn. degree at the Technical University of Denmark. ISBN 87-550-1198-5 ISSN 0106-2840 Grafisk Service 1986
Diffusion and Incorporation of Aluminum in Silicon (1977)

Aluminum is used as a p‐type dopant in the manufacture of high power devices. The results of thermodynamic and experimental studies of the Al‐Si‐H‐O system are discussed. Reaction with the quartz wall and moisture in the closed tube diffusion of aluminum causes the source to oxidize and reduces the aluminum partial pressure. Solutions to these problems are discussed. Heat‐treatment of diffused wafers under various temperature‐time conditions followed by Hall effect and resistivity measurements are performed to study possible formation of donor complexes.