gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nal-IRI+5-FU/LV vs 5-FU/LV in metastatic pancreatic cancer: Additional safety report of randomized Japanese phase 2 trial. (2022)

549 Background: Based on a phase II study conducted in Japanese metastatic pancreatic cancer (NCT02697058) and a global phase III study, nal-IRI obtained market authorization in March 2020 in Japan for "Unresectable pancreatic cancer after disease progression following cancer chemotherapy". After one year of practice, physicians have a sense that some of the safety profile of nal-IRI to be slightly different from conventional irinotecan. The purpose of this report is to explore additional points of the nal-IRI safety in the Japanese study. Methods: This analysis with the safety population of nal-IRI+5-FU/ l-LV group was done for the incidence, time to first onset (TTO), and time to resolution (TTR) for the events associated with 12 identified risks in the Risk Management Plan (RMP)(Table) and other selected GI toxicities. Prophylaxis used were also analyzed. Results: Myelosuppression (82.6%), diarrhoea (58.7%) and hepatic dysfunction (41.3%) were commonly reported of the 12 identified risks. The median (m) TTO of these TEAEs was 16 days (range: 6, 73), 9 days (1, 61), and 22days (2,325) respectively. As for the mTTR, it was 8.0 days (95% CI: 8.00, 9.00), 4.0 days (4.00, 8.00), and 40.0 days (9.00, -) respectively. For the myelosuppression, there were 4 patients who received G-CSF for the treatment of ≥ grade 3 myelosuppression. The 8 patients who experienced diarrhoea leading to dose reduction had no recurrence of ≥grade3 diarrhoea after intervention. For other GI toxicities, anorexia occurred in 28/46 patients (60.9%) with mTTO 4.0 days (range: 2, 132) and mTTR 12.0 days (95% CI: 6.00, 26.00). Summary of TTO for the events associated with identified risks in the RMP. * Intestinal obstruction, enteritis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, interstitial lung disease, ventricular extrasystoles are also included in the RMP but not observed. Discussion: This is the first report of nal-IRI safety profile details such as timing in Japanese patients. It is interesting to note that some TEAEs appear different in practice regarding TTR in comparison with conventional irinotecan. This difference can be due to the unique PK profile of nal-IRI as a result of utilizing liposomal technology but needs to be further elucidated. Conclusions: Although the TEAEs occurred with nal-IRI+5-FU/ l-LV were controllable with proper management in Japanese patients, some with prolonged toxicities should be carefully managed. Clinical trial information: NCT02697058. [Table: see text]
KADS : a principled approach to knowledge-based system development (1993)

Introduction and Overview. Theoretical Basis. Modeling Expertise. Modleing System: User Cooperation in KADS. A KADS Domain Description Language. Model Construction. Operationalizing Models of Expertise. KADS and Conventional Software Engineering. Languages and Tools. A Formal Language for KADS Models of Expertise. MODEL-K: Making KADS Run. Using OMOS to Represent KADS Conceptual Models. Shelley-Computer Aided Knowledge Engineering. Applications. The Paint Advisor: A Communicative Expert System. Managing and Maintaining an Operational KADS System. Rational Reconstruction of Diagnostic Expertise. Qualitative Prediction of Behavior. A KADS Conceptual Model of the ONOCIN Task. Applying KADS to the Sisyphus Domain. Using KADS to Analyze Problem-Solving Methods. Bibliography. Name Index. Subject Index.
Narrow spectral linewidth wavelength tunable laser with Si photonic-wire waveguide ring resonators (2012)

We fabricated wavelength tunable laser diodes with Si-wire waveguide ring resonators as an external optical cavity. Less than 100 kHz narrow spectral linewidth was obtained by optimizing design of the ring resonators. The wavelength tunable laser diodes with narrow spectral linewidth are suitable as light sources for digital coherent optical transmission systems.
Extraction, Liquid‐Liquid (2007)

Abstract Liquid–liquid extraction, also known as solvent extracting, is a well‐established separation technique that depends on the unequal distribution of a solute between two immiscible liquids. The initial feed liquid containing the solute is brought into contact with a solvent that is selected to have a greater affinity for the solute. The partition of the solute can be enhanced by adding a chemical extractant to the solvent; this practice is widespread in the hydrometallurgical and nuclear industries. Most industrial extractors operate continuously with countercurrent flow of the two phases. In mixer–settlers, the phases are contacted as a well‐agitated dispersion of drops, which are then sent to settling tanks for phase disengagement. In extraction columns, the dispersed drops move countercurrently against the flow of the second (continuous) phase. The physics, chemistry, and practice of extraction, with brief descriptions of important industrial extraction processes and equipment, are presented. Research on hydrodynamic aspects of process design, eg, axial mixing, drop dispersion, and coalescence, is reviewed. New extraction techniques, eg, membrane extraction, supercritical exctraction, and two‐phase aqueous extraction, are discussed.
Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin: a novel biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring of asthma (2013)

Asthma is associated with increased levels of eosinophils in tissues, body fluids, and bone marrow. Elevated levels of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) have been noted in asthma patients. Higher levels of EDN and ECP are also associated with exacerbated asthmatic conditions. Thus, EDN, along with ECP, may aid the diagnosis and monitoring of asthma. Several groups have suggested that EDN is more useful than ECP in evaluating disease severity. This may partially be because of the recoverability of EDN (not sticky, 100% recovery rate), as ECP is a sticky and more highly charged protein. In terms of clinical utility, EDN level is a more accurate biomarker than ECP when analyzing the underlying pathophysiology of asthma. As a monitoring tool, EDN has shown good results in children with asthma as well as other allergic diseases. In children too young to fully participate in lung function tests, EDN levels may be useful as an alter native measurement of eosinophilic inflammation. EDN can also be used in adult patients and in multiple specimen types (e.g., serum, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and nasal lavage fluid). These results are repeatable and reproducible. In conclusion, EDN may be a novel biomarker for the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of asthma/allergic disease.
Identifying C-N Heterodiamonds with SEM, TEM, and Raman Scattering (2005)

Extract HTML view is not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button. Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2005 in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, July 31--August 4, 2005
Generalized <i>k</i>‐space decomposition with chemical shift correction for non‐cartesian water‐fat imaging (2008)

Chemical-shift artifacts associated with non-Cartesian imaging are more complex to model and less clinically acceptable than the bulk fat shift that occurs with conventional spin-warp Cartesian imaging. A novel k-space based iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) approach is introduced that decomposes multiple species while simultaneously correcting distortion of off-resonant species. The new signal model accounts for the additional phase accumulated by off-resonant spins at each point in the k-space acquisition trajectory. This phase can then be corrected by adjusting the decomposition matrix for each k-space point during the final IDEAL processing step with little increase in reconstruction time. The technique is demonstrated with water-fat decomposition using projection reconstruction (PR)/radial, spiral, and Cartesian spin-warp imaging of phantoms and human subjects, in each case achieving substantial correction of chemical-shift artifacts. Simulations of the point-spread-function (PSF) for off-resonant spins are examined to show the nature of the chemical-shift distortion for each acquisition. Also introduced is an approach to improve the signal model for species which have multiple resonant peaks. Many chemical species, including fat, have multiple resonant peaks, although such species are often approximated as a single peak. The improved multipeak decomposition is demonstrated with water-fat imaging, showing a substantial improvement in water-fat separation.
Effects of penicillin on the synthesis of membrane proteins of Chlamydia trachomatis LGV2 serotype (1988)

Cultures of LLC-MK2 cells were infected with Chlamydia trachomatis LGV2 serotype and incubated in medium containing 200 units per ml of penicillin. Forty-eight hours after infection, cells were removed and chlamydiae purified. By Coomassie blue-stained polyacrylamide gels, penicillin-treated chlamydiae showed to be deficient in 60 K and 62 K outer membrane proteins. By using a more sensitive immunoblotting technique, in conjunction with human and animal immune sera containing antibodies specific for the 60 K and 62 K proteins, the synthesis of the 60 K protein turned out to be completely inhibited by penicillin, whereas the 62 K protein seemed to be unaffected. The synthesis of the major outer membrane protein (MOMP), studied with a specific monoclonal antibody by using immunofluorescence and immunoblotting techniques, did not seem affected by penicillin. These data indicate that penicillin interferes with conversion of reticulate body to elementary body of C. trachomatis LGV2 serotype, by affecting the synthesis of the 60 K cysteine-rich outer membrane protein.
High and low density intracellular water. (2001)

The proposal that liquid water consists of microdomains of rapidly-exchanging polymorphs of high and low density is examined for its impact upon roles of water in biology. It is assumed that the two polymorphs persist in solution and adjacent to surfaces and that solutes partition asymmetrically between them. It transpires that chaotropes are solutes which partition preferentially into low density water and displace the water equilibrium toward the high density polymorph. Kosmotropes. both ionic and non-polar, partition into high density water and induce low density water. Displacement of the water equilibrium at constant temperature and pressure has a thermodynamic cost which can be high. This appears to be a dominant factor in folding of proteins and DNA, aggregation of biopolymers and insolubility of non-polar kosmotropes. Cells control both the concentration of proteins and the selection of small solutes to produce an intracellular environment most conducive to co-ordinated enzyme function. Intracellular water has similar microdomains to bulk water, but surfaces and solutes redistribute them. Average properties, as measured by NMR are similar, but local properties on a nm scale may differ widely. Enzymes apparently use these local differences to activate cations for transport, induce movement and for synthesis.
The complexity of the term sexual tourism: approach to the project to prevent sexual exploitation of children and adolescents (2020)

In large part, attempts to understand tourism produce inadequate typologies that, in the desire to operationalize the phenomenon, hinder the clarity of the concept and encourage the ill-use of tourist destinations. It is in this way, in the context of globalization that sexual exploitation by tourism arises, associated with the exploitation of under ages in situations of social vulnerability, configure a complex approach to the term sexual tourism. In that framework, this article was elaborated with the objective to analyze the theoretical discussion of the term sexual tourism portrayed in the training courses for multipliers of the Project for the Prevention of the Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents in Tourism of the Ministry of Tourism, in partnership with the Center of Excellence in Tourism of the University of Brasília in the light of the complexity of tourism through the participating subjects - the multipliers. The study adopted the research action and the dialectic method to investigate the level of understanding of the acquired knowledge from these trained actors in the different Brazilian regions, after the institutional training received in the years 2016 to 2017, with the perspective of pointing out possible ways to approach new content that allows the rereading of what may be sex tourism, fundamental to the most responsible practices of tourism professionals.
Partial dissociation of subgroup C phenotype and in vivo behaviour in feline leukaemia viruses with chimeric envelope genes (1992)

Feline leukaemia viruses (FeLVs) are classified into subgroups A, B and C by their use of different host cell receptors on feline cells, a phenotype which is determined by the viral envelope. FeLV-A is the ubiquitous, highly infectious form of FeLV, and FeLV-C isolates are rare variants which are invariably isolated along with FeLV-A. The FeLV-C isolates share the capacity to induce acute non-regenerative anaemia and the prototype, FeLV-C/Sarma, has strongly age-restricted infectivity for cats. The FeLV-C/Sarma env sequence is closely related to that of common, weakly pathogenic FeLV-A isolates. We now show by construction of chimeric viruses that the receptor specificity of FeLV-A/Glasgow-1 virus can be converted to that of FeLV-C by exchange of a single env variable domain, Vr1, which differs by a three codon deletion and nine adjacent substitutions. Attempts to dissect this region further by directed mutagenesis resulted in disabled proviruses. Sequence analysis of independent natural FeLV-C isolates showed that they have unique Vr1 sequences which are distinct from the conserved FeLV-A pattern. The chimeric viruses which acquired the host range and subgroup properties of FeLV-C retained certain FeLV-A-like properties in that they were non-cytopathogenic in 3201B feline T cells and readily induced viraemia in weanling animals. They also induced a profound anaemia in neonates which had a more prolonged course than that induced by FeLV-C/Sarma and which was macrocytic rather than non-regenerative in nature. Although receptor specificity and a major determinant of pathogenicity segregate with Vr1, it appears that sequences elsewhere in the genome influence infectivity and pathogenicity independently of the subgroup phenotype.
Evaluation of multisensor speech input for speech recognition in high ambient noise (2005)

In this paper, we report the results of isolated-word speech recognition tests performed with the Verbex 4000 recognizer on speech data collected 1) in 95 dB and 115 dB SPL broad-band acoustic noise typical in a fighter aircraft cockpit and 2) using several single sensors and two-sensor configurations that we reported in ICASSP-85. The two-sensor systems and the gradient microphones we tested produced about the same recognition performance in 95 dB noise. In 115 dB noise, the recognizer failed to train for all but the accelerometer, which produced nearly constant performance in both noise levels. Also, we demonstrate the feasibility of a new speech recognition methodology that uses a parallel system of multiple input signals transduced simultaneously using different sensors. In selected phonetic discrimination tests involving a feature-based approach, a parallel-input multisensor system reduced the discrimination errors to between one-half and one-twelfth of the number produced by a gradient microphone alone.
Genetic predisposition of transgenic mouse melanocytes to melanoma results in malignant melanoma after exposure to a low ultraviolet B intensity nontumorigenic for normal melanocytes. (1992)

Tyr-SV40E transgenic mice are susceptible to melanoma due to simian virus 40 oncogenic sequences specifically expressed in pigment cells. Skin melanomas form relatively late. Therefore, melanocyte cell lines have been established from very young transgenic animals, when they showed no skin lesions, so that the spontaneous and gradual progress of the cells toward tumorigenesis could be characterized under culture conditions in which wild-type cells of the same inbred strain remain untransformed. Melanocytes of an in vitro transgenic line were irradiated with very low intensities of ultraviolet B (UVB) (280- to 320-nm wavelength) light at culture passages when the cells had not achieved anchorage independence. After a single exposure to 0.7 mJ/cm2 of UVB radiation, the cells became anchorage independent and formed foci at confluence; however, cells propagated from the foci were not tumorigenic. After one exposure to 1.75 mJ/cm2, more numerous and larger foci resulted, and the cells grown from them yielded malignant melanomas in graft hosts. Wild-type melanocytes were not transformed at these UVB doses. At least two genetic changes contributing to malignant conversion--in addition to the initiating effect of the transgene--are likely to have occurred, one change leading to anchorage independence and another to further progress toward malignancy. Cells at these stages provide an opportunity to isolate the relevant genes and identify any molecular defects attributable to UVB. Tumorigenesis after a very low UVB dose in cells where an initiating stimulus is already present suggests that some other stimulus, such as a gene or a carcinogen, might lead to melanoma in conjunction with exposure to relatively little UVB.
Surgeon-Performed Ultrasound (1998)

US is a valuable addition to the general surgeon's diagnostic armamentarium and is rapidly becoming an integral part of the surgeon's clinical practice.
Complexation of <scp>L</scp>‐Lactate with Boronic Acids: A Solution and Holographic Analysis (2008)

Boronic acids have been used as receptors for the detection of diols and alpha-hydroxy acids. The incorporation of 3-acrylamide phenyl boronic acid (3-APB) into a hydrogel generates a suitably responsive and fully reversible holographic sensor for L-lactate. However, it was also found that the use of 3-APB resulted in the sensor being responsive towards a number of other compounds containing two hydroxy groups. This report details the further investigation into the reaction between L-lactate and three boronic acid-based receptors, both in the holograms and in solution, in order to establish the mechanism of binding. A novel boronate receptor is proposed based on this understanding.
Heavy-atom-induced phosphorescence of aromatics and olefins included within zeolites (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeavy-atom-induced phosphorescence of aromatics and olefins included within zeolitesV. Ramamurthy, J. V. Caspar, D. F. Eaton, Erica W. Kuo, and D. R. CorbinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 10, 3882–3892Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00036a041RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views486Altmetric-Citations102LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A Chromatogram Processing System and its Application to the Analysis of Tea Constituents (1996)

GCとLCデータを処理するためのパソコンシステムを構築した。このシステムは(1)検出器信号の記録,(2)クロマトグラムの解析と加工,および(3)市販ソフトを利用するためのファイル変換機能からなる。べースライン補正,定数の加算,対数変換,平滑化や複数クロマトグラムの平均化など,(2)の機能を用いることにより,原クロマトグラムを容易に加工できた。チャの成分組成を可視化するために,本システムをGC(香気成分)とLC(遊離糖およびカテキンとカフェイン)クロマトグラムに適用した。市販グラフソフトと併用することにより,新しいタイプのクロマトグラムを描くことができた。
Advanced SiC/SiC Composite Materials for Fourth Generation Gas Cooled Fast Reactors (2005)

As one of the most important breakthrough in the field of SiC/SiC composite materials, the new process called Nano-powder Infiltration and Transient Eutectoid (NITE) Process has been developed. The outstanding total properties of the NITE SiC/SiC composites are presented. Then, the current efforts to make attractive GFR based on the NITE SiC/SiC composites and the technology R & D to make reactor components with the NITE SiC/SiC composites are provided together with our efforts on innovative reactor designs.
Reviews (2010)

BOOK REVIEWS Pierre Assouline, Hergé: The Man Who Created Tintin, trans. Charles Ruas Jean-Marie Apostolidès, The Metamorphoses of Tintin, or, Tintin for Adults Stephen E. Tabachnick, ed., Teaching the Graphic Novel Philippe Delisle, Spirou, Tintin et Cie, une littérature catholique? Années 1930 / Années 1980 [‘Spirou, Tintin and Company, a Catholic Literature? 1930s / 1980s’] EXHIBITION REVIEW Archi & BD, La ville dessinée, an exhibition on view at the Cité de l’Architecture et du Patrimoine, Paris, from 9 June, 2010 to 28 November, 2010.
Use of tree structures for processing files (1963)

In data processing problems, files are frequently used which must both be searched and altered. Binary search techniques are efficient for searching large files, but the associated file organization is not readily adapted to the file alterations. Conversely, a chained file allocation permits e 1 cient alteration but cannot be searched efficiently. A file organized into a tree-like structure is discussed, and it is shown that such a file may both be searched and altered with times proportional to s log s N , where N is the number of file items and s is a parameter of the tree. It is also shown that optimizing the value of s leads to a search time which is only 25 per cent slower than the binary search. The tree organization employs two data chains and may be considered to be a compromise between the organizations for the binary search and the chained file. The relation of the tree organization to multidimensional indexing and to the trie structure is also discussed.
Project START (1991)

When the Japanese Fifth Generation Computer project was launched in the early 1980s, data-processing professionals along with the world press were quick to appreciate the strategic goals and background ideas of the project which has since been referred to as “Japan's challenge.” Soon, next generation computing projects and programs, like MCC in the U.S., ESPRIT in Europe and ALVEY in Great Britain emerged as a response to this challenge.