gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of monodisperse silver colloids by reduction with hydrazine: the effect of chloride and aggregation on SER(R)S signal intensity (2004)

Abstract SER(R)S spectra with high signal intensity of Nile Blue A sulfate and 1,1′‐diethyl‐2,2′‐cyanine iodide present in low concentration (≤0.05 µ M ) can be recorded by employing certain silver sols in the absence of any chloride and without highly aggregated particles. The sols have been prepared by reduction of silver nitrate with hydrazine hydrate in a special procedure at a carefully established pH. In the presence of chloride, the maximum SER(R)S signal observed for a ca. 0.5 µ M solution of Nile Blue A is of similar magnitude employing either a silver sol according to Lee and Meisel or our sol C, which contains nearly exclusively single silver particles with diameters of about 50 nm. Without added chloride, however, only our sol produces SER(R)S spectra with similar intensity as with chloride. Because the influence of chloride and coagulation on the intensity of the SER(R)S‐signal can be controlled by varying the additives to our silver sol, further experiments of this kind can help to elucidate how these two parameters influence the magnitude of the SERS enhancement. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LASER RANGE IMAGING FOR ON-LINE MAPPING OF 3D IMAGES TO PSEUDO-X-RAY IMAGES FOR POULTRY BONE FRAGMENT DETECTION (2003)

A laser ranging image system was developed for on-line high-resolution 3D shape recovery of poultry fillets. The range imaging system in conjunction with X-ray imaging was used to provide synergistic imaging detection of bone fragments in poultry fillets. In this research, two 5 mW diode lasers coupled with two CCD cameras were used to produce 3D information based on structured lights and triangulation. A laser scattering phenomenon on meat tissues was studied when calculating the object thickness. To obtain the accurate 3D information, the cameras were calibrated to correct for camera distortions. For pixel registrations of the X-ray and laser 3D images, the range imaging system was calibrated, and noises and signal variations in the X-ray and laser 3D images were analyzed. Furthermore, the relationship between the X-ray absorption and 3D thickness of fillets was obtained, and a mapping function based on this relationship was applied to convert the fillet 3D images into the pseudo-X-ray images. For the on-line system implementation, the imaging hardware and software engineering issues, including the data flow optimization and the operating system task scheduling, were also studied. Based on the experimental on-line test, the range imaging system developed was able to scan poultry fillets at a speed of 0.2 m/sec at a resolution of 0.8(X) x 0.7(Y) x 0.7(Z) mm3. The results of this study have shown great potential for non-invasive detection of hazardous materials in boneless poultry meat with uneven thickness.
Controlled Evaluation of the IDI-MRSA Assay for Detection of Colonization by Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in Diverse Mucocutaneous Specimens (2007)

Rapid and reliable detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriers is crucial for the effective control of MRSA transmission in healthcare facilities. The aim of this study was to verify the performance of the IDI-MRSA real-time PCR assay for direct MRSA detection in diverse mucocutaneous swabs from hospitalized patients. Swabs from nares (n = 522) and skin or other superficial sites (n = 478) were prospectively collected for MRSA screening from 466 patients admitted to an 858-bed teaching hospital. Swabs were inoculated onto selective chromogenic MRSA-ID agar, buffer extraction solution for IDI-MRSA assay, and enrichment broth. MRSA was detected by culture in 100 specimens from 47 patients. Compared to enrichment culture, the sensitivity and specificity of the PCR assay were 81.0 and 97.0%, respectively, and its positive and negative predictive values were 75.0 and 97.9%, respectively. The IDI-MRSA assay was more sensitive on swabs from nares (90.6%) than from other body sites (76.5%, P < 0.01). The PCR assay detected MRSA in 42 of 47 patients with culture positive study samples. Of 26 patients with culture-negative but PCR-positive study samples, 11 were probable true MRSA carriers based on patient history and/or positive culture on a new sample. The median turnaround time for PCR results was 19 h versus 3 days for agar culture results and 6 days for enrichment culture results. These data confirm the value of IDI-MRSA assay for rapid screening of MRSA mucocutaneous carriage among hospitalized patients. Cost-effectiveness studies are warranted to evaluate the impact of this assay on infection control procedures in healthcare settings.
The NMC Nested Regional Spectral Model (1994)

A nested primitive equation regional spectral model is developed. The model consists of two components—a low-resolution global spectral model and a high-resolution regional spectral model. The two components have identical vertical structure and physical processes. The global model component is a low-resolution version of the operational National Meteorological Center (NMC) global spectral model and uses spherical harmonics as horizontal basis functions. The regional spectral model component is a primitive equation model on a stereographic projection and uses sine-cosine series as horizontal basis functions. The feature of the regional component is that it predicts deviations from the forecast of the global model component, first proposed by Hoyer. A semi-implicit time scheme, time filtering, initialization, and horizontal diffusion are applied to these deviations in the regional domain. Several sensitivity experiments on "nesting periods," lateral boundary treatments, and different global model base fields were performed. The results indicate that experiments with 3- or 6-h nesting periods had less noise along the lateral boundaries than those with 1-h nesting period. It was also found that blending along the lateral boundaries may not be necessary but that with relaxation the use of T30 or T62 resolution in the global model was sufficient for a regional model with a horizontal resolution of 80 km. The model was tested on real-data cases and was shown to have skill comparable to or better than the other NMC operational regional models. The cases shown in this paper included a 48-h prediction of an East Coast disturbance and the "U.S. storm of the century" in March 1993, all done with a horizontal resolution of 80 km, and a 5-day forecast of a hurricane track done with a horizontal resolution of 40 km.
The wealth of trees and the pressures of population (2007)

It is a pleasure to introduce the second in what promises, and deserves, to be a long series of this journal on the importantareas of conservation and development in Madagascar.The first edition was impressive both in its breadth of subjects and in its depth of detail. This edition has more of a focus, and the subject is principally trees. The richness of the forests in Madagascar and the wealth of remarkable creaturesthey support are well-known. The pressures on the forests are equally well-known, and lie at the heart of the issues that dominate debate on the balance of development and conservation. It is now increasingly evident that the need to conserve natural assets is not only compatible with economic and social development but is to a large extent dependent on it: people desperate for resources to live cannot be expected to be as sparing of precious trees and the like as others would want them to be. But it is also clear that the potential drivers of economic development in Madagascar can bring their own pressures on the environment, in areas such as mining (due to increase its contribution from 4% of GDP now to 30% by 2012), road - building and even tourism, even though sensible eco - tourism is the type of development that seems well-suited to satisfy the interests of all parties. The proposals in President Ravalomanana’s Madagascar Action Plan do at least reflect his concern to protect the natural resources of the country, and he has made substantial steps in increasing protected areas of the natural environment while promoting a better business environment to encourage investment. The pressure of population growth is of critical importance. When I was first in Madagascar in 1967 the country’s population was 6 million. Now it is estimated to be some 19 million and is forecast to grow to more than 50 million by the year 2030. Substantial economic growth is needed just to match that growth in population, let alone to improve living standards, and the impact of such large numbers of people on natural resources is considerable. It is of crucial importance that the Malagasy government is able to make good progress towards its target of reducing the average size of families to 3 - 4 children from the present figure of 5.4. I would like to mention the issue of funding, and to finish with a request for some assistance. The running costs of the journal are remarkably low: the articles that are submitted are done so freely; the editors contribute their time for no charge; and the fact that the journal is distributed online keeps publishing costs down. However, there are still lay - out charges that amount to several thousand Euros. The editors would also like, with good reason, to be able to distribute the journal more widely in Madagascar itself and they believe that they can best achieve this by offering there a paper as well as an electronic version, which would entail printing costs of a similar amount. If you are able to contribute in any way, or if you have any suggestions on the raising of funds, then please do get in touch with the editors.
Codon optimization prevents premature polyadenylation of heterologously-expressed cellulases from termite-gut symbionts in Aspergillus oryzae (2008)

To achieve high expression of glycoside hydrolase family 45 endoglucanase (RsSym45EG1) from a symbiotic protist of the termite Reticulitermes speratus, synthetic sequence RsSym45eg1-co, in which the codon usage was adjusted to that of the highly-expressed tef1 gene encoding translation elongation factor 1alpha, was prepared and introduced into A. oryzae. The transcript level of RsSym45eg1-co was 1.8-fold higher than that of RsSym45eg1. In cells harboring RsSym45eg1, but not RsSym45eg1-co, truncated transcripts in which the coding region was prematurely terminated and followed by a poly A chain were found. The production of endoglucanase in the culture supernatant was improved by codon optimization. Truncated transcripts were also found when cellobiohydrolase and beta-glucosidase from R. speratus symbionts were expressed, and the transcript level of the former was increased by codon-optimization. Our findings suggest that premature polyadenylation frequently occurs in heterologous protein expression in A. oryzae, which might result in the poor yield of expressed proteins.
Adaptive workflow processing and execution in Pegasus (2009)

Abstract Workflows are widely used in applications that require coordinated use of computational resources. Workflow definition languages typically abstract over some aspects of the way in which a workflow is to be executed, such as the level of parallelism to be used or the physical resources to be deployed. As a result, a workflow management system has the responsibility of establishing how best to execute a workflow given the available resources. The Pegasus workflow management system compiles abstract workflows into concrete execution plans, and has been widely used in large‐scale e‐Science applications. This paper describes an extension to Pegasus whereby resource allocation decisions are revised during workflow evaluation, in the light of feedback on the performance of jobs at runtime. The contributions of this paper include: (i) a description of how adaptive processing has been retrofitted to an existing workflow management system; (ii) a scheduling algorithm that allocates resources based on runtime performance; and (iii) an experimental evaluation of the resulting infrastructure using grid middleware over clusters. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A New BLDC Motor Drives Method Based on BUCK Converter for Torque Ripple Reduction (2006)

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis on torque ripples of brushless dc motor drives in conduction region and commutation region. A novel method for reducing the torque ripple in brushless dc motors with a single current sensor has been proposed by adding BUCK converter in the front of 3-phase inverter. In such drives, torque ripple suppression technique is theoretically effective in commutation region as well as conduction region. Effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control method is verified through experiments.
8.32 Tbit/s Coherent Transmission Using a Quantum-Dash Mode-Locked Laser Diode (2016)

Using a frequency comb from a quantum-dash mode-locked laser-diode, we transmit a line rate of 8.32 Tbit/s (52×40 GBd PDM-QPSK). Isolated comb lines do not show an additional penalty compared to a high-quality ECL.
Single Cell Activity in the Auditory Cortex of Rhesus Monkeys: Behavioral Dependency (1972)

The response to repetitive stimulation of single cells in the auditory cortex of the monkey is dependent upon behavioral performance and training of the subject in a simple auditory discrimination task. In the trained, performing animal, single cells are more responsive than in the animal that is trained but not performing in the task. In the naive monkey, evoked responses are labile and are maintained only with nonrepetitive auditory stimuli.
Radiographic evaluation of the Garren gastric bubble (1985)

Radiographic evaluation of the Garren gastric bubbleSL Edell, JS Wills, LR Garren and ML GarrenAudio Available | Share
Opening of William (Bill) Beach, Mullet Creek, Dapto : Saturday, 11th April, 1964 (1964)

An historic ceremony took place when the site of the original Dopto Showground was opened for public recreation as a picnic ground, ma inly d ue to the efforts of the Dopto Rotary Club as a community service project with the practical support of the Wollongong Council.
A megahertz switching DC/DC converter using FeBN thin film inductor (2002)

A dual spiral sandwiched thin film inductor with a dimension of 5 mm /spl times/ 5 mm was fabricated by a LIGA-like micromachined process. FeBN magnetic films were used as a core material. The inductance and quality factor value of the inductor were measured approximately 1 /spl mu/H and 4 up to 5 MHz, respectively. Using the FeBN film inductor, a hybrid dc/dc converter (15 mm /spl times/ 12 mm /spl times/ 1.5 mm) was designed and fabricated. The circuit topology of the converter was a zero voltage switching clamp voltage (ZVS-CV) buck converter. An input of 3.6 V was bucked to 2.7 V at a switching frequency of 1.8 MHz. The maximum power was 1.5 W. The measured efficiency of the buck converter reached a maximum value of 80% and kept stable up to 300 mA of load currents at 1.8 MHz.
IQ<sup>P</sup>: Incremental query construction, a probabilistic approach (2010)

This paper presents IQP - a novel approach to bridge the gap between usability of keyword search and expressiveness of database queries. IQP enables a user to start with an arbitrary keyword query and incrementally refine it into a structured query through an interactive interface. The enabling techniques of IQP include: (1) a conceptual framework for incremental query construction; (2) a probabilistic model to assess the possible informational needs represented by a keyword query; (3) an algorithm to perform an optimal query construction.
The Acetylation of Imidazole (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Acetylation of ImidazoleJ. H. BoyerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 24, 6274–6275Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01144a503https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01144a503research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views704Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Vehicle localization using its vibration caused by road surface roughness (2015)

This paper describes a study of vehicle localization using its vibration due to road surface roughness. The authors suggest a vehicle localization scheme in which a vehicle can identify its location on the road. The vehicle localization can be carried out matching the current vehicle vibration with the prior observed vehicle vibration in the database as a vibration map. In this paper, the longitudinal vehicle localization is carried out by observing the vehicle vibration with a smart phone on the dashboard. First, the authors examine the effect of the matching duration of the current vehicle vibration data to the prior observed vibration for the precise of vehicle localization. It is shown that the long duration matching is effective in more precise vehicle localization. Next, the authors evaluate the performance of the vehicle localization scheme using current vehicle vibration data and prior vibration data in the database observed from the same vehicle, and using the ones from a vehicle and the ones from another vehicle. It is shown that the vehicle localization error is about 2.5 meter when using vibration data from the same vehicle, and about 3.5 meter when using vibration data from a vehicle and another vehicle.
Allgemeine Definitionen (2002)

Ortsveränderungen sind die Folge von Aktivitäten. Eine Ortsveränderung wird erforderlich, wenn eine nachfolgende Aktivität nicht am Ort der vorhergehenden Aktivität ausgeübt werden kann, sondern zu ihrer Ausübung der Ort gewechselt werden muss.
<b>A NOVEL PROTEIN, LYSENIN, THAT CAUSES CONTRACTION OF THE ISOLATED RAT AORTA: ITS PURIFICATION FROM THE COELOMIC FLUID OF THE EARTHWORM, <i>EISENIA F</i></b><b><i>OETIDA </i></b> (1996)

A novel protein that causes contraction of strips of isolated rat aorta and kills rats upon intravenous injection was purified from the coelomic fluid of the earthworm, Eisenia foetida, by the anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography and size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography. The protein had a molecular weight of 41 kDa, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Contraction of rat aorta was induced at concentrations above l0"9 M. Six partial amino acid sequences of the protein revealed the absence of any significant homology to those of previously characterized proteins, suggesting that the protein is a novel biologically active protein. The protein was named lysenin. In addition, another protein with a molecular weight of 42 kDa, whose amino acid sequence resembled that of lysenin, was also isolated, but it had weak contractive activity.
Thin-film MCM-D technology with through-substrate vias for the integration of 3D SiP modules (2008)

In this paper we present the integration of high-quality passive components and circuits within a thin-film technology on high-resistivity silicon. 100 μm thick wafers are used, allowing the integration of though-silicon vias with a diameter of 100 μm and the implementation of high-quality passive components in a microstrip configuration. Integrated high-density capacitors (650 pF/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ), resistors and high-Q inductors are available in this technology. Microstrip lines integrated on the thin high-resistivity silicon present a quality factor 2.5 times higher than coplanar waveguide lines with similar dimensions on AF45 glass, highlighting the advantages of using microstrip type of circuits. High-quality bandpass filters ranging from RF to millimeter-wave frequencies are demonstrated in this technology. A 5.2 GHz lumped element filter as well as coupled lines filters around 30, 50, 60 and 77 GHz providing low losses and a high level of miniaturization are presented. A vertical RF interconnection that brings an RF signal from the front side of the wafer to the backside of the wafer is demonstrated by using the through silicon vias, presenting a loss of about 0.1 dB at 40 GHz. Being able to integrate high-quality passive components at various frequencies and low-loss vertical RF interconnections, this technology is a powerful platform for the integration of high performance 3D system in a package modules.
Adiposity, type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome in breast cancer (2007)

Upper body obesity and the related metabolic disorder type 2 diabetes have been identified as risk factors for breast cancer, and associated with late-stage disease and a poor prognosis. Components of the metabolic syndrome, including visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, with or without clinically manifest diabetes mellitus, low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hypertension have all been related to increased breast cancer risk. The biochemical mechanisms include extraglandular oestrogen production, reduced sex hormone-binding globulin with consequent elevation of the bioactive plasma free oestradiol and increased insulin biosynthesis, all of which exert mitogenic effects on both untransformed and neoplastic breast epithelial cells. Obesity, type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome also have in common an increased production of leptin and a decreased production of adiponectin by adipose tissue, with consequent elevations and reductions, respectively, in the circulating levels of these two adipokines. These changes in plasma leptin and adiponectin, acting through endocrine and paracrine mechanisms, have been associated in several studies with an increase in breast cancer risk and, perhaps, to more aggressive tumours; studies in vitro showed that leptin stimulates, and adiponectin inhibits, tumour cell proliferation and the microvessel angiogenesis which is essential for breast cancer development and progression.