gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>trans</i> Activation of Nerve Growth Factor in Transgenic Mice Containing the Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I <i>tax</i> Gene (1991)

Three lines of transgenic mice containing the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) tax gene develop neurofibromas composed of perineural fibroblasts (S. H. Hinrichs, M. Nerenberg, R. K. Reynolds, G. Khoury, and G. Jay, Science 237:1340-1343, 1987; M. Nerenberg, S. H. Hinrichs, R. K. Reynolds, G. Khoury, and G. Jay, Science 237:1324-1327, 1987). Tumors and tumor cell lines derived from these mice produce neurite outgrowth from PC-12 cells and nerve growth factor (NGF), as determined by RNA (Northern) blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. In vitro cotransfection studies demonstrate that Tax is able to trans activate the NGF promoter in NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells. The major cis-acting tax-responsive element in the NGF promoter (AGGGTGTGACGA) has 92% homology with a tax-responsive element contained within the 21-bp repeats of the HTLV-I long terminal repeat. The receptor for NGF is also expressed in the transgenic tumor cells, suggesting that Tax may activate an autocrine mechanism through the upregulation of NGF.
Biochemical and Physiological Characterization of Colony Form Variants in Xenorhabdus spp. (Enterobacteriaceae) (1988)

Primary and secondary form variants of Xenorhabdus isolated from 21 strains (13 species) of Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae were tested for 240 biochemical and physiological characters. Primary form variants, isolated from the infective stage nematodes, could always be distinguished from the secondary by adsorption of neutral red from MacConkey agar. Lecithinase, antibiotic activity and/or adsorption of bromothymol blue were useful for distinguishing the variants of most strains. The variants of all strains also differed for other characteristics but the distinguishing characteristics varied from strain to strain. The importance of including both variants of each strain and of using appropriate methods in the study of Xenorhabdus taxonomy was demonstrated.
Activity of Psoralen-Functionalized Nanoscintillators against Cancer Cells upon X-ray Excitation (2011)

We report development of a nanoparticle-based, X-ray-activated anticancer "nanodrug" composed of yttrium oxide (Y(2)O(3)) nanoscintillators, a fragment of the HIV-1 TAT peptide, and psoralen. In this formulation, X-ray radiation is absorbed by the Y(2)O(3) nanoscintillators, which then emit UVA light. Absorption of UVA photons by nanoparticle-tethered psoralen has the potential to cross-link adenine and thymine residues in DNA. UVA-induced cross-linking by free psoralen upon activation with UVA light has previously been shown to cause apoptosis in vitro and an immunogenic response in vivo. Studies using the PC-3 human prostate cancer cell line demonstrate that X-ray excitation of these psoralen-functionalized Y(2)O(3) nanoscintillators yields concentration-dependent reductions in cell number when compared to control cultures containing psoralen-free Y(2)O(3) nanoscintillators.
Passage of Host Serum Components, including Antibody, across the Digestive Tract of Dermacentor variabilis (Say) (1981)

Steven Ackerman, F. Brian Clare, T. W. McGill, Daniel E. Sonenshine, Passage of Host Serum Components, including Antibody, across the Digestive Tract of Dermacentor variabilis (Say), The Journal of Parasitology, Vol. 67, No. 5 (Oct., 1981), pp. 737-740
Quality Evaluation of Shelled and Unshelled Macadamia Nuts by Means of Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) (2016)

The quality of shelled and unshelled macadamia nuts was assessed by means of Fourier transformed near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy. Shelled macadamia nuts were sorted as sound nuts; nuts infected by Ecdytolopha aurantiana and Leucopteara coffeella; and cracked nuts caused by germination. Unshelled nuts were sorted as intact nuts (<10% half nuts, 2014); half nuts (March, 2013; November, 2013); and crushed nuts (2014). Peroxide value (PV) and acidity index (AI) were determined according to AOAC. PCA-LDA shelled macadamia nuts classification resulted in 93.2% accurate classification. PLS PV prediction model resulted in a square error of prediction (SEP) of 3.45 meq/kg, and a prediction coefficient determination value (Rp (2) ) of 0.72. The AI PLS prediction model was better (SEP = 0.14%, Rp (2) = 0.80). Although adequate classification was possible (93.2%), shelled nuts must not contain live insects, therefore the classification accuracy was not satisfactory. FT-NIR spectroscopy can be successfully used to predict PV and AI in unshelled macadamia nuts, though.
Antibody L26 recognizes an intracellular epitope on the B-cell-associated CD20 antigen. (1990)

Monoclonal antibody L26 is a highly selective marker of B cells and B-cell neoplasms in paraffin-embedded tissues, but it suffers from the drawback that the target molecule has not been identified. In this paper we provide evidence by two independent techniques that antibody L26 recognizes an intracellular epitope on the CD20 antigen (a pan B-cell marker). When this antigen was redistributed on the surface of unfixed viable B cells by incubation with monoclonal anti-CD20 followed by anti-mouse Ig, the diffuse cytoplasmic staining of L26 was abolished and replaced by coincident dotlike labeling for antibody L26 and the CD20 antigen. None of the other antibodies tested (covering 10 different B-cell-associated antigens) had this effect on the L26 staining pattern. Furthermore, COS-1 cells transfected with cDNA encoding the CD20 molecule gave positive staining with antibody L26 and with two other CD20 reagents, but not with antibodies to other pan B-cell markers (eg, CD19 and CD22).
Range extended speech decoder for Modulo-PCM (2005)

In this paper, we describe a new speech decoder for Modulo-PCM, which greatly reduces the "anomaly errors". Therefore, the proposed decoder can extend the dynamic range at the encoder input about 1.6-1.8 times compared to the conventional MPCM decoder.
Silicon-on-insulator photoconductors for ultrasonic vibration detection with laser speckle (2009)

Speckle-sized photoconductive silicon-on-insulator mesas have been designed to optically detect surface vibrations at frequencies extending into the megahertz range. When a single diode laser beam reflects off a vibrating surface as a moving speckle pattern, the photoconductive mesas can detect lateral speckle motion. The capability of noncontact, nondestructive testing via laser-induced ultrasonic vibrations was demonstrated using these photoconductive silicon mesas in a simple and rugged single-monitoring-beam configuration.
An One-Pot Synthesis of Semibullvalenes and Its Mechanism (2002)

1,2,4,5-Tetrazines 7 readily react with 3,3′-bicyclopropenyl 8 in a cycloaddition−cycloelimination sequence to give 3,4-diazanorcaradienes 9 with endo configuration of the methyl group at C-7. On gentle heating in inert solvents, these 3,4-diazanorcaradienes 9 are cleanly transformed into semibullvalenes 11. This reaction sequence can also be performed as a one-pot method. Kinetic investigations and comparisons with two model systems are in agreement with the proposed reaction mechanism.
[O. V. Palladin--patriarch of neurochemical science (on the 120th birthday of academician Oleksandr Volodymyrovych Palladin)]. (2006)

The paper is dedicated to Academician Oleksandr Volodymyrovych Palladin (1895-1972), a founder of neurochemical school in Ukraine. The problem of biochemistry of the nervous system has been developed in Ukraine since the 20's of the 20th century. Theoretical principles and prospects of development of the basic trends in neurochemistry were stated for the first time in the paper by O. V. Palladin--the first work in biochemistry of the nervous system in Ukraine--"Biochemistry of the Brain and Psychochemistry", published in the journal "Nauka v Ukraine" ("Science in Ukraine") in 1922. Researches in neurochemistry have been carried out systematically since 1925 at the Ukrainian Biochemical Institute founded and headed by O. V. Palladin (O. V. Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, now). During the following period of half a century O.V. Palladin and his disciples made original works in the field of chemical topography of the nervous system, functional neurochemistry, in particular, in the field of protein and nitrous, lipid, nucleic metabolism, transmembrane transport of ions and metabolites, etc. Results of long-term investigations were reported at numerous international physiological and biochemical congresses, All-Union and Ukrainian biochemical conferences, seminars and have acquired the world fame. O. V. Palladin's great deserts in development of biochemistry of the nervous system were recognized and he was proclaimed a "patriarch" of the world neurochemistry at the first congress of the International Neurochemical Society in Strassburg (1967) and awarded a Gold Medal--one of the four delivered at the Second Congress of this Society in Milan (1969).
Logo recognition using geometric invariants (2002)

The problem of logo recognition is of great interest in the document domain, especially for databases, because of its potential for identifying the source of the document and its generality as a recognition problem. By recognizing the logo, one obtains semantic information about the document, which may be useful in deciding whether or not to analyze the textual components. A multi-level stages approach to logo recognition which uses global invariants to prune the database and local affine invariants to obtain a more refined match is presented. An invariant signature which can be used for matching under a variety of transformations is obtained. The authors provide a method of computing Euclidean invariants and show how to extend them to capture similarity, affine, and projective invariants when necessary. They implement feature detection, feature extraction, and local invariant algorithms and successfully demonstrate the approach on a small database.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Amorphous monodispersed hard carbon micro-spherules derived from biomass as a high performance negative electrode material for sodium-ion batteries (2014)

This paper reports monodispersed hard carbon micro-spherules with a high energy density, high initial coulombic efficiency and excellent cycle performance.
Statistical techniques for analyzing data from prevention trials: Treatment of no-shows using Rubin's causal model. (1998)

Noncompliance is a common challenge in the analysis and interpretation of prevention trials. The authors describe new formulations of the problem based on D. B. Rubin's (1974, 1978) causal model. The formulations help clarify assumptions underlying estimation procedures and yield more efficient methods of estimation. The authors apply the methods to a trial of a job training intervention in which nearly half the participants randomly assigned to the intervention failed to attend the job training seminars. An interesting feature is the presence of covariates measured prior to treatment randomization. Versions of the model that condition on these covariates suggest positive results for the intervention in a high-risk group but no evidence of gains in a low-risk group. Prevention trials that assess the efficacy of interventions apply the interventions to groups of participants and then compare the distributions of relevant outcomes across groups. If statistically and substantively significant differences are found, the central issue is whether these differences can be attributed to causal effects of the interventions rather than to confounding factors. Randomized treatment assignment is a key design tool for limiting the undermining effects of confounding factors. The potential for bias in the assignment process is removed, and randomization balances the distribution of confounding factors across groups on average. Chance imbalances can be
Errors of DWPF frit analysis: Final report (1993)

Glass frit will be a major raw material for the operation of the Defense Waste Processing Facility. The frit will be controlled by certificate of conformance and a confirmatory analysis from a commercial analytical laboratory. The following effort provides additional quantitative information on the variability of frit chemical analyses at two commercial laboratories. Identical samples of IDMS Frit 202 were chemically analyzed at two commercial laboratories and at three different times over a period of four months. The SRL-ADS analyses, after correction with the reference standard and normalization, provided confirmatory information, but did not detect the low silica level in one of the frit samples. A methodology utilizing elliptical limits for confirming the certificate of conformance or confirmatory analysis was introduced and recommended for use when the analysis values are close but not within the specification limits. It was also suggested that the lithia specification limits might be reduced as long as CELS is used to confirm the analysis.
Identification of the promoter of the mouse obese gene. (1996)

Primer extension and RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) assays were used to identify and sequence the 5' terminus of mouse ob mRNA. This sequence was used to obtain a recombinant bacteriophage containing the first exon of the encoding gene. DNA sequence analysis of the region immediately upstream of the first exon of the mouse ob gene revealed DNA sequences corresponding to presumptive cis-regulatory elements. A canonical TATA box was observed 30-34 base pairs upstream from the start site of transcription and a putative binding site for members of the C/EBP family of transcription factors was identified immediately upstream from the TATA box. Nuclear extracts prepared from primary adipocytes contained a DNA binding activity capable of avid and specific interaction with the putative C/EBP response element; antibodies to C/EBP alpha neutralized the DNA binding activity present in adipocyte nuclear extracts. When linked to a firefly luciferase reporter and transfected into primary adipocytes, the presumptive promoter of the mouse ob gene facilitated luciferase expression. When transfected into HepG2 cells, which lack C/EBP alpha, the mouse ob promoter was only weakly active. Supplementation of C/EBP alpha by cotransfection with a C/EBP alpha expression vector markedly stimulated luciferase expression. Finally, an ob promoter variant mutated at the C/EBP response element was inactive in both primary adipocytes and HepG2 cells. These observations provide evidence for identification of a functional promoter capable of directing expression of the mouse ob gene.
Data Association Algorithms for Large Area Surveillance, (1978)

This paper is devoted exclusively to automatic (i.e., computer) algorithms for carrying out the tasks associated with intersensor correlation. One particular algorithm (the 'k-track clustering' algorithm is discussed in some detail in order to highligh the fundamental combinatorial structure of large area surveillance.
Molecular diversity of astrocytes with implications for neurological disorders (2004)

The astrocyte represents the most abundant yet least understood cell type of the CNS. Here, we use a stringent experimental strategy to molecularly define the astrocyte lineage by integrating microarray datasets across several in vitro model systems of astrocyte differentiation, primary astrocyte cultures, and various astrocyterich CNS structures. The intersection of astrocyte data sets, coupled with the application of nonastrocytic exclusion filters, yielded many astrocyte-specific genes possessing strikingly varied patterns of regional CNS expression. Annotation of these astrocyte-specific genes provides direct molecular documentation of the diverse physiological roles of the astrocyte lineage. This global perspective in the normal brain also provides a framework for how astrocytes may participate in the pathogenesis of common neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, epilepsy, and primary brain tumors.
Complex refractive-index measurement based on Fresnel’s equations and the uses of heterodyne interferometry (1999)

The phase difference between s and p polarization of the light reflected from a material is used for measuring the material's complex refractive index. First, two phase differences that correspond to two different incidence angles are measured by heterodyne interferometry. Then these two phase differences are substituted into Fresnel's equations, and a set of simultaneous equations is obtained. Finally, the equations are solved by use of a personal computer by a numerical analysis technique, and the complex refractive index of the material can be estimated.
Optogenetic Control of Neural Activity with Time-Reversed Ultrasound Encoded Light (2017)

We developed an optical technique that can focus light multi-millimeter deep inside biological tissue noninvasively. We demonstrated that this technique enables optogenetic control of individual neurons in brain slices.
Molten Salt Synthesis of Bi <sub>4</sub> (V <sub>0.85</sub> Co <sub>0.15</sub> ) <sub>2</sub> O <sub>11−δ</sub> (BICOVOX) Ceramic Powders (2009)

Cobalt (15 at.%)‐doped bismuth vanadate, Bi 4 (V 0.85 Co 0.15 ) 2 O 11−δ (BICOVOX) is known to have high oxygen ion conduction. However, the conductivity is highly anisotropic due to its layered structure. In this paper, we report the synthesis of BICOVOX powders with platelet habit by molten salt synthesis using a NaCl–KCl eutectic mixture as the reaction medium. The effects of treatment temperature and time on the morphology and phase content of the BICOVOX powders were investigated. By this method, it is possible to synthesize powders with platelets of major face dimension ∼50 μm and aspect ratio (major face dimension to thickness) as high as 15.
Major-minor loop, single-level-masking bubble chip (1978)

A major-minor loop chip design is presented which requires one high resolution masking step and no critical mask alignments. This design may therefore be implemented with electron-beam, X-ray, or deep-UV conformable-contact lithography to define the submicron linewidths required in ultra-high density devices. Chips with 20-μm period were fabricated with a layered Au-first, NiFe-second structure in a design which provided 6 percent overall margins; substitution of an improved merge component would allow a 10 percent margin overlap of all functions. Tests of components with 8 μm periods show margins of similar percentage values. Current requirements for the devices are low (10 mA for 8 μm period) so that the designs appear extendable to much higher densities.
C-Peptide Induces Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation (2006)

Increased levels of C-peptide, a cleavage product of proinsulin, circulate in patients with insulin resistance and early type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recent data suggest a potential causal role of C-peptide in atherogenesis by promoting monocyte and T-lymphocyte recruitment into the vessel wall. The present study examined the effect of C-peptide on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and evaluated intracellular signaling pathways involved. In early arteriosclerotic lesions of diabetic subjects, C-peptide colocalized with VSMCs in the media. In vitro, stimulation of human or rat VSMCs with C-peptide induced cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner with a maximal 2.6+/-0.8-fold induction at 10 nmol/L human C-peptide (P<0.05 compared with unstimulated cells; n=9) and a 1.8+/-0.2-fold induction at 0.5 nmol/L rat C-peptide (P<0.05 compared with unstimulated cells; n=7), respectively, as shown by [H3]-thymidin incorporation. The proliferative effect of C-peptide on VSMCs was inhibited by Src short interference RNA transfection, PP2, an inhibitor of Src-kinase, LY294002, an inhibitor of PI-3 kinase, and the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059. Moreover, C-peptide induced phosphorylation of Src, as well as activation of PI-3 kinase and ERK1/2, suggesting that these signaling molecules are involved in C-peptide-induced VSMC proliferation. Finally, C-peptide induced cyclin D1 expression as well as phosphorylation of Rb in VSMCs. Our results demonstrate that C-peptide induces VSMC proliferation through activation of Src- and PI-3 kinase as well as ERK1/2. These data suggest a novel mechanism how C-peptide may contribute to plaque development and restenosis formation in patients with insulin resistance and early type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Identification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Components With Intravascular Ultrasound Elastography In Vivo (2002)

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that intravascular ultrasound elastography has been validated in vivo. Fatty plaques have an increased mean strain value. High-strain spots are associated with the presence of macrophages.
The Preparation of Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic Acid<sup>1</sup> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic Acid1George Gonis and E. D. AmstutzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 8, 2946–2947Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01055a524https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01055a524research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views596Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Parathyroid histology and cytology with monoclonal antibodies recognizing a calcium sensor of parathyroid cells. (1989)

Two monoclonal antibodies reacting with surface structures on exclusively parathyroid cells and proximal kidney tubule cells were evaluated in the microscopic diagnosis of parathyroid disease. Immunostained cryosections of adenomatous and hyperplastic parathyroid glands from 30 hypercalcemic patients with primary or uremic hyperparathroidism (HPT) showed a reduced and heterogeneous staining with the antibodies. This contrasted with the intense and even staining of normal and suppressed human parathyroid glands, as well as lymph node metastases of parathyroid carcinoma. Fine-needle aspiration biopsies and imprints of the parathyroid glands showed a conspicuous antibody staining that enabled the identification of parathyroid cells. The antibodies seem to provide new means for histologic and cytologic identification of normal and pathologic parathyroid tissue, in conjunction with their highly restricted tissue reactivity. Because one of the antibodies interacts with a surface receptor mechanism of the parathyroid cells that is involved in the sensing and gating of calcium and, thereby, also with the regulation of parathyroid hormone release, the unequivocal demonstration of reduced staining of the adenomatous and hyperplastic parathyroid tissue suggests that HPT is associated with reduced expression of the calcium sensoring mechanism of the pathologic parathyroid tissue.