gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gene Expression and Metabolism in Tomato Fruit Surface Tissues     (2008)

The cuticle, covering the surface of all primary plant organs, plays important roles in plant development and protection against the biotic and abiotic environment. In contrast to vegetative organs, very little molecular information has been obtained regarding the surfaces of reproductive organs such as fleshy fruit. To broaden our knowledge related to fruit surface, comparative transcriptome and metabolome analyses were carried out on peel and flesh tissues during tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit development. Out of 574 peel-associated transcripts, 17% were classified as putatively belonging to metabolic pathways generating cuticular components, such as wax, cutin, and phenylpropanoids. Orthologs of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) SHINE2 and MIXTA-LIKE regulatory factors, activating cutin and wax biosynthesis and fruit epidermal cell differentiation, respectively, were also predominantly expressed in the peel. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using a flame ionization detector identified 100 metabolites that are enriched in the peel tissue during development. These included flavonoids, glycoalkaloids, and amyrin-type pentacyclic triterpenoids as well as polar metabolites associated with cuticle and cell wall metabolism and protection against photooxidative stress. Combined results at both transcript and metabolite levels revealed that the formation of cuticular lipids precedes phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis. Expression patterns of reporter genes driven by the upstream region of the wax-associated SlCER6 gene indicated progressive activity of this wax biosynthetic gene in both fruit exocarp and endocarp. Peel-associated genes identified in our study, together with comparative analysis of genes enriched in surface tissues of various other plant species, establish a springboard for future investigations of plant surface biology.
[Obtention of a protein concentrate of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) by ultrafiltration]. (1991)

A protein concentrate was obtained from chick-pea (Cicer arietinum) flour aqueous extract. The factor involved in the recovery of protein were the flour: water ratio, and the pH. The best aqueous extract was subjected to infiltration in a Romicon HF1/2SSS unit equipped with hollow fiber membranes cartridges with a nominal molecular-weight cut-off point of 50,000 daltons. The concentrate was spray-dried and the product obtained had the following composition, expressed in g/100 g: 67.8 protein with 4.9 g/16 g N of reactive lysine; 17.3 fat, 10.0 carbohydrates, and 4.9 ash (dry basis). The nitrogen solubility index was 93 and the color, by Hunter, was L = 86.8.
Squalene synthetase, inhibition by ammonium analogs of carbocationic intermediates in the conversion of presqualene diphosphate to squalene (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSqualene synthetase, inhibition by ammonium analogs of carbocationic intermediates in the conversion of presqualene diphosphate to squaleneC. Dale Poulter, Todd L. Capson, Michael D. Thompson, and Ronda S. BardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 10, 3734–3739Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00192a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00192a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views200Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Loss of heterozygosity of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in colon carcinomas. (1999)

Folate derivatives are essential for DNA synthesis and methylation. A large proportion of the Caucasian population is heterozygous for a common substitution, 677C-->T (alanine-->valine), in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), an enzyme of folate interconversion. Homozygous mutant individuals, approximately 10-15% of North Americans, have been reported to have a reduced risk of colorectal cancer. We examined lymphocyte and tumor tissue DNA from colorectal carcinoma patients from two different populations to assess loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of MTHFR. We observed LOH in approximately 16% of colorectal tumors; in 8 of the 11 tumors with LOH, the mutant valine allele was lost. Additional studies are required to determine if preferential loss of the mutant allele is a common finding that could contribute to colorectal tumorigenesis.
Application of the Circumferential Component of Magnetic Flux Leakage Measurement for In-Line Inspection of Pipelines (1999)

Abstract In the application of Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) pipeline inspection technology, corrosion anomalies are detected and identified via their leakage field due to changes in wall thickness. This leakage field is a three dimensional magnetic vector consisting of three distinct components: axial, radial, and circumferential. A new pipeline inspection technology is the first to use the circumferential component in data analysis1,2. The three leakage fields are described in detail with an emphasis on the circumferential field. Examples of practical application are given to illustrate the effectiveness of this field in identifying and sizing defects.
Foot-and-mouth disease virus production in glass sphere based monolayer systems of 0.1 to 100 L medium volume. (1980)

The cell and virus productivity of a 3 mm glass sphere based unit process monolayer system was determined at scales of 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 litres medium capacity. Enhanced yields were obtained up to the 10L size when compared with control Roux bottle cultures. Modifications of the operating conditions of the 100L system should bring this into line with the smaller-scale units.
<i>Musca domestica</i> larval lipoprotein (1991)

A larval specific high-density lipoprotein (HDL) has been isolated from Musca domestica hemolymph by a combination of density gradient and glycerol gradient ultracentrifugations. The larval lipoprotein has a density of 1.134 g/ml and is formed by at least four apoproteins with molecular weights equal to 26,000, 23,000, 21,000, and 20,000. This lipoprotein contains large amounts of hydrocarbons and phospholipids and minor amounts of diacylglycerols and cholesterol. The larval lipoprotein is completely distinct from lipophorin in regard to apoprotein composition, lipid moiety, physiological pattern, and immunological reactions. Larval lipoprotein is accumulated until the end of the feeding period. During the pupal molt this protein is utilized and is no longer detected after 2 days of pupal stadium. The results obtained imply a possible role of this protein in the puparia and/or pupal cuticle formation. Judging from the properties shown, the Musca domestica larval lipoprotein is a completely new type of insect lipoprotein.
Synthesis and Self-Assembly Behavior of Chiral Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers Bearing L-Phenylalanine (2011)

Novel chiral amphiphilic diblock copolymers bearing L-phenylalanine was synthesized using a “click” reaction of N3-L-phenylalanine and MPEO-b-PGPE. The structure and composition of copolymers were characterized by 1H-NMR and elemental analysis. Additionally, the self-assembly behavior of these chiral copolymers was investigated in sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 4.5): the CMC of copolymer MPEO-b-PGTP determined by the measurement of surface tension was 2.1 mg/mL; the size and morphology of the micelles were studied using TEM; the specific optical rotation ([α]25D) of the micellar solutions was also measured; the result indicated that the copolymers can form chiral micelles in sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH =4.5).In recent years, the synthesis, structure and properties of optically active polymer have been paid attention by scientists owing to its potential applications in chiral separation, asymmetric adsorption, chiral synthesis[1]. The amphiphilic block polymers bearing amino acid possess not only the characteristics of the conventional amphiphilic block copolymer, but also good optically activity and biocompatibility. So it can be employed as nanoreactors for asymmetrical catalysis and materials for drug delivery. But there have been few reports published on the synthesis of chiral amphiphilic copolymers bearing amino acid. Sutthira Sutthasupa reported the synthesis of amino acid-based norbornene block copolymer with ester and carboxyl groups as hydrophobic and hydrophilic units[2]. O’Reilly group synthesized the amino acid-based chiral amphiphilic block copolymers using RAFT technique, and elucidated its self-assembly into spherical micelles with optically active hydrophobic core[3]. In the present work, chiral amphiphilic diblock copolymers bearing L-phenylalanine (L-Phe) pendants poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly (glycidyl triazolyl-L-phenylalanine) (MPEO-b-PGTP) have been synthesized by the modification of poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly (propargyl glycidyl ether) (MPEO-b-PGPE) with L-phenylalanine.
Transcriptomic analysis of the woodchuck model of chronic hepatitis B (2012)

Our data establish the translational value of the woodchuck model and provide new insight into immune pathways which may play a role either in the persistence of HBV infection or the sequelae of CHB.
[Review of] Sherman Alexie. The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven (1995)

A member of the Spokane tribe, Alexie writes the heart of a community that is joined through hardship, hope, land, and story. On and off the reservation, from the storytelling of Thomas Builds-the-Fire to Norma's fancydancing, a drumbeat of home follows everyone.
Advances in the Use of Brassinosteroids (1993)

The brassinosteroids are a unique class of plant growth regulators that have the potential to increase yields in economic and horticultural crops. Their original discovery occurred almost simultaneously in Japan and America, respectively in Distylium racemosum, "Isunoki," an evergreen tree and in canola (Brassica napus) pollen. Extracts from 227 kg canola pollen, gathered by bees, gave America the lead in the field and the structure of brassinolide was determined. There followed an intense search for sources of brassinosteroids in plants and by chemical synthesis, especially in Japan and Europe. The discovery that 24-epibrassinolide was active in field tests and was more readily available from synthesis led to the compound becoming the focus of attention in laboratory and field experiments. Consequently, 24-epibrassinolide and brassinolide were examined as fungal hormones, to produce fruiting bodies, as antiecdysis compounds in insects and especially as yield enhancers in field and horticultural crops. By 1994 it is projected that Japan will have treated more than 23,000 hectares of wheat in China where yields, so far, have been increased 8-15%.
Detection of internal log defects by automatic interpretation of computer tomography images (1987)

Internal defects can be seen clearly in computer tomography (CT) images of sawlogs. In a sawmill, CT-scan technology could be applied to improve the overall grade and quantity of lumber produced. We describe a computer system that automatically interprets CT-scan images and successfully identifies the knots, rot, and cracks occurring in a log. The computer program uses the high density and elliptical shape of knots to distinguish them from good wood, and the low density and rough texture of rotten areas to separate rotten wood from sound wood. Interpretation results are presented from tests with both green and dry wood samples of cedar, hemlock, and fir. -- AATA
System dynamic methodological approach for design and analysis of risk in supply chain (2011)

Cut throat competition in the market, makes efficient utilization of resources, key to become price leader and satisfy the customer. This leads organization's attentiveness towards supply chain. Efficient supply chain is demand of the hour for successful organization. But several types of risks present in the supply chain can hamper the overall planning to satisfy the customer. Determination of risk and plan according to it helps the organization to achieve its goal. Challenges and risks in supply chain are unpredictable and dynamic in nature. System dynamics is a noble approach to study the dynamics of the supply chain. Here system dynamic methodology is used to study the supply chain. To predict and measure the supply chain risk is a major challenge throughout the industry. Here 4 echelon supply chain is designed to investigate two different policies alternatives. Further efficiencies of these supply chains are compared by statistical testing with 95% confidence interval. This facilitates the organization to select competent policy for supply chain management and help in designing an efficient supply chain to the organization.
In Vivo Tracking of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Experimental Stroke (2007)

To understand the fates of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) following transplantation into a rodent model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques were employed, hMSCs were labeled with ferumoxides (Feridex)--protamine sulfate complexes, which were visualized and examined by MRI up to 10 weeks following transplantation. Migration of the transplanted cells to the infarcted area was further confirmed by histological methods. We found that the hMSCs transplanted in MCAo models possess the capacity to migrate to the infarcted area extensively in both ipsilateral and contralateral injections, exhibiting a pathotropism. We also analyzed the detailed migration patterns of transplanted hMSCs. We speculate that the extensive migratory ability of hMSCs may represent a therapeutic potential for developing efficient cell transplantation strategies in stroke.
VPC3 (2004)

Trace files are widely used in research and academia to study the behavior of programs. They are simple to process and guarantee repeatability. Unfortunately, they tend to be very large. This paper describes vpc3 , a fundamentally new approach to compressing program traces. Vpc3 employs value predictors to bring out and amplify patterns in the traces so that conventional compressors can compress them more effectively. In fact, our approach not only results in much higher compression rates but also provides faster compression and decompression. For example, compared to bzip2 , vpc3 's geometric mean compression rate on SPECcpu2000 store address traces is 18.4 times higher, compression is ten times faster, and decompression is three times faster.
Clinical evaluation of the quantitative foam stability index test. (1980)

The foam stability index (FSI) test for amniotic fluid is a quantitative test that uses ethanol as the antifoaming reagent; it presents values in terms of the highest ethanol volume fraction that will permit stable foam to occur. In this study the authors report on FSI tests results in terms of neonatal outcome in a total of 208 pregnancies in which fluids were obtained within 3 days of delivery. The authors noted a total of 27 cases of hyaline membrane disease (HMD) in their population. All 27 had FSI values of 0.47 or less, whereas 119 of the 181 patients without HMD had FSI values of 0.48 or above. The risk of HMD's occurring was calculated for 4 groups of FSI values. They were as follows: 1) FSI values less than or equal to 0.43 (62%); 2) FSI values of 0.44 and 0.45 (23%); 3) FSI values of 0.46 and 0.47% (14%); and 4) FSI values greater than 0.48 (0%). Comparable evaluations of the lecithin:sphingomyelin (L:S) ratio procedure performed on the same specimens revealed no apparently improved diagnostic reliability. In addition, in several cases of intrauterine growth retardation with normal neonatal respiratory status in which the L:S ratios were less than 1.5, the FSI test correctly predicted fetal lung maturity (FSI greater than or equal to 0.48). The authors conclude that the FSI test has sufficient diagnostic reliability to be considered as a sensitive and specific assay of fetal pulmonary maturation.
FDE Using Multiple Integrated GPS/Inertial Kalman Filters in the Presence of Temporally and Spatially Correlated Ionospheric Errors (2001)

Previous work has been done [2] which introduced a method 
of detecting satellite failures and preserving integrity in an 
optimal fashion through the use of multiple integrated 
GPS/inertial Kalman filters. The set of filters consists of a 
main filter that incorporates measurements from all N 
satellites in view and N sub-filters each excluding a different 
satellite. Failure detection occurs when the separation 
between the horizontal position solution of a sub-filter and 
that of the main filter exceeds a threshold that is set based 
upon the expected statistical separation. The horizontal 
protection level is computed based on this expected 
statistical separation as well as the covariance of each sub-
filter’s horizontal position error states. This method has 
been called the Solution Separation method of fault 
detection. This paper expands upon this earlier work by 
adding a set of sub-sub-filters for each of the sub-filters in 
order to perform exclusion. The logic for exclusion is 
presented, and a method of calculating the horizontal 
exclusion limit (HEL) is derived. A proposed statistical 
ionospheric error model is presented which accounts for the 
temporal and spatial correlation of the ionospheric delays 
for both normal and stormy conditions. Finally, the 
worldwide availability of both detection and exclusion 
during normal ionospheric conditions is determined by 
simulating the Solution Separation method and monitoring 
the HPL and HEL through all RAIM holes for various 
satellite combinations of the optimized 24-satellite 
constellation [4].
Water and Glycerol as Plasticizers Affect Mechanical and Water Vapor Barrier Properties of an Edible Wheat Gluten Film (1993)

ABSTRACT Glycerol improved film extensibility but reduced film puncture strength, elasticity, and water vapor barrier properties. The plasticizing effect of water was highly temperature dependent. During hydration of gluten film, a sharp decrease in puncture strength, elasticity, and an increase of extensibility and water vapor transmission rate were observed at 5, 30 and 50°C for respective water contents of 30 (0,8 a w ,), 15 (0,7 a w ) and 5% (0,4 a w ). This was related to disruptive water‐polymer hydrogen bonding and glass‐to‐rubber transition.
Preparation and characterization of optical microspheres for refractive-index sensing (2010)

The paper deals with the preparation and characterization of whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonators. Three types of materials were used for the preparation of these microresonators, namely silica optical fibers, polydimethylsiloxane polymer and UV-acrylate polymer. In the case of the silica fibers microspheres were prepared by heating the fiber tip with a miniburner or CO<sub>2</sub> laser. Polymer microresonators were applied onto tips of fiber substrates when they were dipped into polymer and immediately cured. Microresonators with a diameter ranging from 70 to 1000 μm were prepared. Transmission properties of the prepared microresonators were investigated in experiments where a microresonator was excited by a red laser at 660 nm by using evanescent field of a coupling element, namely a glass or silica fiber prism. The output power from the coupling element was detected. Temporal changes of the output power caused by heating the microresonators were also measured and explained in terms of the microresonator quality factor.
B and CTL responses to the ALK protein in patients with ALK‐positive ALCL (2005)

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has a good prognosis compared to ALK-negative ALCL, possibly as a result of the immune recognition of the ALK proteins. The aim of our study was to investigate the presence of both a B and cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response to ALK in ALK-positive ALCL. We confirmed the presence of an antibody response to ALK in all 9 ALK-positive ALCL patients investigated. An ELISpot assay was used to detect a gamma-interferon (IFN) T cell response after short term culture of mononuclear blood cells with 2 ALK-derived HLA-A*0201 restricted peptides: ALKa and ALKb. A significant gamma-IFN response was identified in all 7 HLA-A*0201-positive ALK-positive ALCL patients but not in ALK-negative ALCL patients (n = 2) or normal subjects (n = 6). CTL lines (>95% CD8-positive) raised from 2 ALK-positive ALCL patients lysed ALK-positive ALCL derived cell lines in a MHC-Class I restricted manner. This is the first report of both a B cell and CTL response to ALK in patients with ALK-positive ALCL. This response persisted during long-term remission. The use of modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) to express ALK is also described. Our findings are of potential prognostic value and open up therapeutic options for those ALK-positive patients who do not respond to conventional treatment.
Noisy speech recognition using HMM-based cepstral parameter generation and compensation (1996)

This paper proposes a technique for adapting continuous density HMM speech recognition systems trained on clean speech data to make it robust to additive noise. The approach is based on cepstral parameter generation from speech and noise HMMs and parameter compensation using generated parameters of speech and noise. For clean speech and noise HMMs including cepstral and dynamic parameters, cepstral parameter vector sequences are generated in such a way that the probability of observing the parameter vector sequence from the given HMM is maximized using dynamic parameters. Then the generated cepstral vector sequences of speech and noise are combined to yield a noisy speech cepstral vector sequence. Compensated means of cepstral and dynamic parameters for noisy speech HMM are obtained from statistics of the noisy speech parameter sequences. Variances for noisy speech HMM are also estimated using the relationship between the clean and noisy speech parameter sequences. As a result, the technique provides cepstral and dynamic parameter compensation for noisy speech HMM. Moreover, it does not require the lognormal approximation used in cepstral parameter compensation based on the parallel model combination technique. Word recognition experiments based on phoneme HMMs show the effectiveness of the proposed technique.