gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro and in vivo characterization of an infectious clone of a European strain of porcine circovirus type 2 (2004)

The aim of this study was to describe the generation of a PCV2 (porcine circovirus type 2) infectious clone (pIC-PCV2) and its infectivity under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The constructed pIC-PCV2 contained the whole PCV2 genome from a German isolate together with a partial duplication of 467 bp. PK-15 cells were transfected with pIC-PCV2 and an indirect immune fluorescence assay (IFA) was performed 7 days post-transfection. The PCV2 Cap gene was expressed in approximately 20 % of the cultured cells, and only the recombination product, and not pIC-PCV2, was subsequently detected by PCR and Southern blot. This result indicated that infection by pIC-PCV2 delivered genomic PCV2 DNA specifically into susceptible cells and led to the expression of a functional virus genome. Eighteen 30- to 40-day-old conventional pigs were distributed into three groups. Group 1 pigs (n=6) were inoculated intranasally (i.n.) with a Spanish isolate of PCV2 propagated in cell culture; pigs from group 2 (n=6) were inoculated with pIC-PCV2 intramuscularly (i.m.), and the last group of pigs (n=6) was inoculated with pIC-PCV2 intraperitoneally (i.p.). All pigs remained clinically healthy during the whole experimental period (35 days). Pigs that received pIC-PCV2 i.p. and i.m., as well as those PCV2 i.n. inoculated, became infected based on an in situ hybridization (ISH), PCR, TaqMan PCR and serological results. The results of this study confirm that cloned PCV2 genomic DNA is infectious both in vitro and in vivo, and is able to cause PMWS-like lesions in i.p. and i.m. experimentally inoculated pigs.
Hsp70 promotes TNF-mediated apoptosis by binding IKKγ and impairing NF-κB survival signaling (2004)

The major heat shock protein, Hsp70, can protect against cell death by directly interfering with mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. However, Hsp70 also sensitizes cells to certain apoptotic stimuli like TNF. Little is known about how Hsp70 enhances apoptosis. We demonstrate here that Hsp70 promotes TNF killing by specifically binding the coiled-coil domain of I kappa B kinase gamma (IKK gamma) to inhibit IKK activity and consequently inhibit NF-kappa B-dependent antiapoptotic gene induction. An IKK gamma mutant, which interacts with Hsp70, competitively inhibits the Hsp70-IKK gamma interaction and relieves heat-mediated NF-kappa B suppression. Depletion of Hsp70 expression with RNA interference rescues TNF-mediated cell death. Although TNF may or may not be sufficient to trigger apoptosis on its own, TNF-triggered apoptosis was initiated or made worse when Hsp70 expression increased to high levels to disrupt NF-kappa B signaling. These results provide significant novel insights into the molecular mechanism for the pro-apoptotic behavior of Hsp70 in death-receptor-mediated cell death.
A 100 MS/s, 10.5 Bit, 2.46 mW Comparator-Less Pipeline ADC Using Self-Biased Ring Amplifiers (2015)

The ring amplifier is an energy efficient and high output swing alternative to an OTA for switched-capacitor circuits. However, the conventional ring amplifier requires external biases, which makes the ring amplifier less practical when we consider process, supply voltage, and temperature (PVT) variation. This paper presents a self-biased ring amplifier scheme that makes the ring amplifier more practical and power efficient while maintaining the benefits of efficient slew-based charging and an almost rail-to-rail output swing. We introduce an improved auto-zero scheme that eliminates the gain error caused by the parasitic capacitance across the auto-zero switch. Furthermore, a comparator-less pipeline ADC structure takes advantage of the characteristics of the ring-amplifier to replace the sub-ADC in each pipeline stage. The prototype ADC has measured SNDR, SNR and SFDR of 56.6 dB (9.11 b), 57.5 dB and 64.7 dB, respectively, for a Nyquist frequency input sampled at 100 MS/s, and consumes 2.46 mW.
Polyelectrolyte-Directed Nanoparticle Aggregation: Systematic Morphogenesis of Calcium Carbonate by Nonclassical Crystallization (2009)

Besides the classical atom/ion/molecule based mechanism, nonclassical crystallization provides a nanoparticle-based crystallization pathway toward single crystals. However, there is a lack of experimentally established strategies for engineering a range of crystalline microstructures from common nanoparticles by nonclassical crystallization. We demonstrate that a commercial random copolymer polyelectrolyte poly(4-styrene sulfonate)-co-(maleic acid) (PSS-co-MA) considerably guides crystallization of calcium carbonate (CC) with a high versatility. The bioinspired nonclassical crystallization protocol yielded a series of calcite microstructures. Calcite single crystals obtained at low supersaturation show a pseudo-dodecahedral shape with curved faces, whereas increasing supersaturation generated calcite mesocrystals with pseudo-octahedral shapes and scalloped surfaces. Further increase of supersaturation induced the formation of polycrystalline multilayered and hollow spheres. In the initial growth stage of all these microstructures, amorphous CC nanoparticles formed as the early product. Remarkably, microparticles with minimal primitive (P)-surface were captured as the prominent intermediate indicative of liquidlike behavior. Moreover, nanogranular structures exist broadly in the as-synthesized crystals. These results demonstrate that the polyelectrolyte can effectively stabilize the amorphous CC nanoparticle precursors, impart control over the evolution from amorphous precursors via a liquid aggregate through P-surface intermediates to the final crystals, and thus allow the morphogenesis. Simple variation of calcium and polyeletrolyte concentrations enables a systematic control over the size and morphology of particles among pseudo-dodecahedra, pseudo-octahedra, multilayered spheres, and hollow spheres, which are expressed in a morphology diagram. A unifying nanoparticle aggregation formation mechanism was suggested to explain the morphogenesis by the combination of nonclassical crystallization and surface area minimization principles.
Fixing the train-test resolution discrepancy (2019)

Data-augmentation is key to the training of neural networks for image classification. This paper first shows that existing augmentations induce a significant discrepancy between the typical size of the objects seen by the classifier at train and test time. We experimentally validate that, for a target test resolution, using a lower train resolution offers better classification at test time. We then propose a simple yet effective and efficient strategy to optimize the classifier performance when the train and test resolutions differ. It involves only a computationally cheap fine-tuning of the network at the test resolution. This enables training strong classifiers using small training images. For instance, we obtain 77.1% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet with a ResNet-50 trained on 128x128 images, and 79.8% with one trained on 224x224 image. In addition, if we use extra training data we get 82.5% with the ResNet-50 train with 224x224 images. Conversely, when training a ResNeXt-101 32x48d pre-trained in weakly-supervised fashion on 940 million public images at resolution 224x224 and further optimizing for test resolution 320x320, we obtain a test top-1 accuracy of 86.4% (top-5: 98.0%) (single-crop). To the best of our knowledge this is the highest ImageNet single-crop, top-1 and top-5 accuracy to date.
Darinaparsin: Solid Tumor Hypoxic Cytotoxin and Radiosensitizer (2012)

Darinaparsin has significant and preferential cytotoxic and radiosensitizing effects on solid tumors as compared with normal cells. Darinaparsin may therefore increase the therapeutic index of radiation therapy and has near term translational potential.
Thymidylate Synthase and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Polymorphisms and Toxicity to Capecitabine in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Patients (2008)

This study suggests that common genetic variation in MTHFR but not TYMS may be useful for predicting toxicity from capecitabine in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. In addition, MTHFR single nucleotide polymorphisms predicted serum folate and plasma homocysteine levels, and, combined, these factors may be important predictors of capecitabine-induced toxicity.
Origin and frequency dependence of nonlinear optical susceptibilities of glasses (1975)

We have determined the frequency dependence of the nonlinear optical susceptibilities of fused quartz and four other glasses, and determined the relative contributions of "electronic" and "nuclear" mechanisms to their nonlinear optical indices. This is the first such determination in solids. Our method has been to analyze our own absolute measurement of ordinary differential Raman-scattering cross sections in conjunction with the coefficients for intensity-induced polarization changes measured by Owyoung in the same glasses.
Comparison of quantification algorithms for circulating cell-free DNA methylation biomarkers in blood plasma from cancer patients (2017)

The concordant clinical performance based on different quantification algorithms allows for the application of various diagnostic platforms for the analysis of ccfDNA methylation biomarkers.
DL-4-Oxalysine, an Inhibitory Analog of Lysine (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDL-4-Oxalysine, an Inhibitory Analog of LysineTommy J. McCord, Joanne M. Ravel, Charles G. Skinner, and William ShiveCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 21, 5693–5696Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01578a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01578a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views253Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Methodological issues in clinical trials of opioids for chronic pain (2005)

Clinical trials of opioid analgesics for chronic pain are recognized to frequently fail to distinguish the analgesic effect from placebo, despite known efficacy of the drug. This paper reviews the methodologic features of such trials that may be associated with risk of failure. A literature search yielded 23 randomized placebo-controlled studies of opioids with at least one week of continuous treatment; contacting pharmaceutical companies yielded six additional studies. A classification system and standard terminology were developed for describing the methodologic features of these trials. The methodologic features that appeared to augur well for success of the trials were slow titration of medications, flexible dosing, minimizing concomitant and rescue analgesics, homogeneous samples, particularly in terms of opioid use upon entry, fewer study sites (for the same sample size), and including as much data as possible in statistical analyses. Study designs that lead to high dropout rates lack internal validity, unless dropout is the intended endpoint of the trial. Opioid analgesics should be studied in a manner that is clinically relevant, and that supports internal validity. More systematic attention is needed to clinical research methodology.
A novel droop control strategy to share power equally and limit voltage deviation (2011)

A novel droop control strategy for controlling parallel inverters is proposed in this paper. In this paper, the reactive power versus PCC voltage droop is introduced, and then output reactive power of the inverters is adjusted to be equal. When load is changed greatly in microgrid, the voltage frequency and amplitude deviate from normal values greatly. By adaptively adjusting the droop position of some large capacity inverters, it can share active and reactive power equally among inverters and limit the frequency and voltage amplitude deviations in a certain margin. The analysis and the design procedure are provided explicitly. Simulation and experiment results validate the proposed control strategy.
Online thevenin’s equivalent using local PMU measurements (2011)

This paper presents a method for determining Thevenin's Equivalent (TE) for a node in a power system using local PMU measurements at that node. Three consecutive voltage and current measurements are used to determine the TE. The proposed method recognizes and considers the phase angle drift caused by the slip frequency between the PMU sampling frequency and the power system frequency. The accuracy of the proposed method has been verified through application to the IEEE 30 bus test system as well as to a real system data measured at the terminals of a wind farm. The proposed method is going to be used to determine an online TE, which will be used to monitor the system capability to accommodate the wind power by updating a capability chart of the system at the node where the wind farm is connected.
Identifying Topics by using Word Distribution (2007)

In this work, we examine and verify a <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">topic word model </i> which says each topic can be identified by means of word distribution under same author, and by using random projection, one of the dimension reduction techniques, we show we can obtain efficient and effective processing to the model. We examine Shakespeare works and show we can identify scenes correctly to their dramas.
New techniques for studying set languages, bag languages and aggregate functions (1994)

We provide new techniques for the analysis of the expressive power of query languages for nested collections. These languages may use set or bag semantics and may be further complicated by the presence of aggregate functions. We exhibit certain classes of graphs and prove that the properties of these graphs that can be tested in such languages are either finite or cofinite. This result settles the conjectures of Grumbach, Milo, and Paredaens that parity test, transitive closure, and balanced binary tree test are not expressible in bag languages like the PTIME fragment of BALG of Grumbach and Milo and BQL of Libkin and Wong. Moreover, it implies that many recursive queries, including simple ones like the test for a chain, cannot be expressed in a nested relational language even when aggregate functions are available. In an attempt to generalize the finite-cofiniteness result, we study the bounded degree property which says that the number of distinct in- and out-degrees in the output of a graph query does not depend on the size of the input if the input is “simple”. We show that such a property implies a number of inexpressibility results in a uniform fashion. We then prove the bounded degree property for the nested relational language.
Isolation and characterization of an extracellular glucosyltransferase synthesizing insoluble glucan from Streptococcus mutans serotype c (1985)

A glucosyltransferase which synthesized insoluble glucan in polyacrylamide gel was isolated from the culture supernatant of Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt (serotype c) by ultrafiltration, ethanol fractionation, isoelectric focusing, and preparative gel electrophoresis. The enzyme preparation was electrophoretically homogeneous and immunologically distinct from the highly branched 1,6-alpha-D-glucan synthase and fructosyltransferase from the same strain and glucosyltransferases from serotypes a and g. The molecular weight was 99,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the isoelectric point was 8.5. The enzyme had the optimum pH of 6.0 and Km value for sucrose of 9.4 mM. Besides the insoluble glucan with 96% 1,3-alpha linkage, this enzyme synthesized a considerable amount of diffusible glucan with 84% 1,6-alpha linkage, separately. This enzyme may be the one released from the enzyme aggregates by extracellular proteases, because the addition of extraneous trypsin to the crude enzyme preparation increased the amount of the enzyme species.
A Cascaded Classification Approach to Semantic Head Recognition (2011)

Most NLP systems use tokenization as part of preprocessing. Generally, tokenizers are based on simple heuristics and do not recognize multi-word units (MWUs) like hot dog or black hole unless a precompiled list of MWUs is available. In this paper, we propose a new cascaded model for detecting MWUs of arbitrary length for tokenization, focusing on noun phrases in the physics domain. We adopt a classification approach because -- unlike other work on MWUs -- tokenization requires a completely automatic approach. We achieve an accuracy of 68% for recognizing non-compositional MWUs and show that our MWU recognizer improves retrieval performance when used as part of an information retrieval system.
Therapeutic suppression of constitutive and inducible JAK\STAT activation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. (2009)

The oncogenic role of STAT3 has been elucidated in a number of human malignancies including leukemia, lymphoma, malignant glioma and cancers of the breast, lung, and head and neck (HNSCC). Here we show that WP1066 has profound anti-neoplastic effects in HNSCC, mediated in part by suppression of JAK2-STAT3 signaling. WP1066 inhibited constitutive and inducible STAT3 phosphorylation in both dose- and time-dependant manners. Further, the nuclear translocation of STAT3 was completely inhibited, resulting in decreased DNA binding activity. In vivo testing of WP1066 in a nude mouse orthotopic model of HNSCC demonstrated significant anti-tumor effects, with histological evidence of decreased cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. Collectively, these data suggest that WP1066 suppresses squamous cell carcinoma cell growth, in part through its effects on JAK-STAT pathways, and establishes this small molecule as potentially efficacious agent in the treatment of HNSCC.
Benchmarking knowledge-assisted kriging for automated spatial interpolation of wind measurements (2010)

We have benchmarked a novel knowledge-assisted kriging algorithm that allows regions of spatial cohesion to be specified and variograms calculated for each region. The variogram calculation itself is automated and spatial regions created via offline automated segmentation of either expert-drawn Google Earth polygons or NASA altitude data. Our use-case is to create interpolated wind maps for input into a bathing water quality model of microbial contamination. We benchmark our knowledge-assisted kriging algorithm against 7 other algorithms on UK met-office wind data (189 sensors). Our wind estimation results are comparable to standard ordinary kriging using variograms created by an expert. When using spatial segmentation we find our kriging error maps reflect better the known spatial features of the interpolated phenomenon. These results are very promising for an automated approach allowing on-demand datasets selection and real-time interpolation of previously unknown measurements. Automation is important in progressing towards a pan-European interpolation service capability.
Distributed and Multiplexed Fiber-Optic Sensors (1988)

Many authors have recognised the unique advantages afforded in a number of application areas by the use of distributed fiber-optic sensor (DFOS) systems, which can be formed by combining fiber sensing and telemetry [1-11]. Approaches described to date can be categorized as being either 'intrinsic distributed' or 'quasi-distributed'. In the case of intrinsic distributed sensing, a single length of fiber forms an extended sensor element which senses the measurand field continuously over its entire length, whereas quasi-distributed sensing approaches utilize discrete sensor elements [12-15] arranged in a linear array or other, more geometrically versatile network topology.
Structural Health Monitoring and Damage Detection Using Neural Networks (2013)

In the bridge health monitoring and evaluation systems, the modal parameter can only access needed accuracy after times of experiments. The paper proposed a kind of bridge structure damage diagnosis method based on artificial neural network using the time domain vibration signals. Several statistical parameters are selected as characteristic features of the time-domain vibration signals. Monitoring data is collected during artificially induced damage conditions. The results indicate that the vibration monitoring data, with selected statistical parameters and particular network architecture, give good results to predict the undamaged and damaged condition of the bridge.
Characteristics of superconductive magnetic suspension and propulsion for high-speed trains (1973)

Theoretical analyses are carried out on a magnetic suspension and a linear synchronous motor, both utilizing superconducting magnets. The derived theory is applied to the studies of the high-speed train models. In the suspension system investigated here, the roadbed is equipped with normal conducting coils. The magnetic lift force is found to be pulsating, and a design criterion for eliminating the pulsation components in the lift force is derived. An improved suspension system is proposed, which consists of a "ladder-type conductor" in the roadbed. This new system is investigated theoretically. An end effect of the suspension system is also studied. In the linear synchronous motor, the methods of minimizing reaction forces are derived. The combined magnetic suspension and propulsion system is analyzed. It is found that the influence of the track loops for the suspension on the linear synchronous motor is not very significant.
Inhomogeneous flows of guar/metal ion gels observed by laser Doppler anemometry and rheological measurements (1994)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Dimitris I. Collias, Robert K. Prud’homme; Inhomogeneous flows of guar/metal ion gels observed by laser Doppler anemometry and rheological measurements. J. Rheol. 1 March 1994; 38 (2): 217–230. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.550499 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The acceptability of variations in smile arc and buccal corridor space (2007)

Laypersons and orthodontists have similar preferences when acceptability of buccal corridors and smile arcs are considered. Flat smile arcs are more detrimental to smile esthetics than variations in buccal corridors. Clinicians must realize that although attractiveness may be reduced by variations in buccal corridors and smile arcs, the result may still be acceptable to a majority of people.