gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laboratory Study of Biological Retention for Urban Stormwater Management (2001)

Urban stormwater runoff contains a broad range of pollutants that are transported to natural water systems. A practice known as biological retention (bioretention) has been suggested to manage stormwater runoff from small, developed areas. Bioretention facilities consist of porous soil, a topping layer of hardwood mulch, and a variety of different plant species. A detailed study of the characteristics and performance of bioretention systems for the removal of several heavy metals (copper, lead, and zinc) and nutrients (phosphorus, total Kjeldahl nitrogen [TKN], ammonium, and nitrate) from a synthetic urban stormwater runoff was completed using batch and column adsorption studies along with pilot‐scale laboratory systems. The roles of the soil, mulch, and plants in the removal of heavy metals and nutrients were evaluated to estimate the treatment capacity of laboratory bioretention systems. Reductions in concentrations of all metals were excellent (>90%) with specific metal removals of 15 to 145 mg/m 2 per event. Moderate reductions of TKN, ammonium, and phosphorus levels were found (60 to 80%). Little nitrate was removed, and nitrate production was noted in several cases. The importance of the mulch layer in metal removal was identified. Overall results support the use of bioretention as a stormwater best management practice and indicate the need for further research and development.
Citrus Products: Chemical Composition and Chemical Technology. (1950)

This book serves to bring the information on the chemical composition of various citrus fruit products up to date and should be welcomed by those interested in the nutritive value of citrus products, as well as by those primarily concerned with the technologic aspects of the industry. Other books on this subject are much out of date, and Braverman is eminently suited to the task of providing the new knowledge on the basis of his position as director of research at the central citrus products research laboratory, in Rehovoth, Israel. After an interesting historical introduction and classification of all citrus fruits, some information is furnished on cultivation and marketing, together with a minimum of material on diseases of citrus fruit. The section on chemical composition is a well documented summary of the constituents found in the various layers of citrus fruit. Chemical formulas are freely used to identify the commoner
Epstein-Barr virus in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A pilot study (2006)

The objective of this study was to assess the incidence and the clinical significance of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). Patients with CLL/SLL who presented at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center over a 2-year period and had available marrow paraffin blocks were studied for evidence of EBV infection using a highly specific in-situ hybridization assay for detection of EBV encoded RNA (EBERs). Results were analysed in relation to other presenting characteristics and outcome. Thirty-two patients were examined. EBERs were detected in the bone marrow of 12 of 32 (38%) CLL/SLL marrows vs 0 of 20 normal marrows (p = 0.002). EBERs were observed in sporadic granulocytes alone or in addition to its presence in lymphocytes in nine of the 12 EBV-positive patients. EBERs were detected less frequently in patients with Rai stage 0 - 1 disease (20%) compared with Rai stage 2 - 4 (66%; p = 0.008). EBER-positive patients tended to have higher lactate dehydrogenase levels (p = 0.053). The 10-year survival rate was 22% vs 58% for patients with and without discernible EBERs (log-rank, p = 0.08). Evidence of EBV infection was found in 38% of patients with CLL/SLL. Despite the small number of patients tested, discernable EBERs were significantly more common in individuals with more advanced Rai stage and there was a trend toward shorter survival in patients in whom EBV EBERs were discerned. Larger studies are needed to determine the prognostic value and role of EBV infection in patients with CLL/SLL.
Unidimensional thin-layer chromatography of phospholipids on boric acid-impregnated plates. (1982)

A unidimensional thin-layer chromatography system for the separation of phospholipids has been developed. The method employs precoated plates impregnated with boric acid and is capable of resolving eight phospholipid standards, including phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylglycerol. Liver, kidney, and platelet phospholipids of the rat were resolved into six major classes using this method. Each was judged to be pure by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. The use of boric acid thin-layer chromatography for the separation of phospholipids should find wide application.
Tailored delivery of analgesic ziconotide across a blood brain barrier model using viral nanocontainers (2015)

The blood brain barrier (BBB) is often an insurmountable obstacle for a large number of candidate drugs, including peptides, antibiotics, and chemotherapeutic agents. Devising an adroit delivery method to cross the BBB is essential to unlocking widespread application of peptide therapeutics. Presented here is an engineered nanocontainer for delivering peptidic drugs across the BBB encapsulating the analgesic marine snail peptide ziconotide (Prialt®). We developed a bi-functional viral nanocontainer based on the Salmonella typhimurium bacteriophage P22 capsid, genetically incorporating ziconotide in the interior cavity, and chemically attaching cell penetrating HIV-Tat peptide on the exterior of the capsid. Virus like particles (VLPs) of P22 containing ziconotide were successfully transported in several BBB models of rat and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) using a recyclable noncytotoxic endocytic pathway. This work demonstrates proof in principle for developing a possible alternative to intrathecal injection of ziconotide using a tunable VLP drug delivery nanocontainer to cross the BBB.
Infrastructure projects - a review of canceled private projects (2003)

In recent years the renegotiation and, even more, the cancellation of private infrastructure projects in developing countries have made the headlines in the world's financial press. For a variety of reasons the renegotiation of projects is not an unusual occurrence. But as this Note explains, only 48 private infrastructure projects in developing countries were canceled in 1990-2001, a small fraction of the nearly 2,500 projects that reached financial closure over this period. The note further explains the definition of cancellation, the reasons for cancellation, and expands on the implications for private provision of infrastructure.
Vascular endothelial growth factor and its inhibitor in age-related macular degeneration (2013)

Intraocular angiogenesis is considered the leading cause for severe loss of vision, and contributes to many ocular diseases such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinopathy of prematurity, the main causes of blindness in developed countries.1 An enormous body of work has demonstrated that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a prominent role as mediator in the procedure of pathological angiogenesis. This makes VEGF a potential target for the medical therapies of retinal angiogenesis and some clinical trials have proved the efficacy of anti-VEGF strategies. This review evaluates the role of VEGF in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration and provides an overview of recent developments in therapeutic modalities.
Oxygen in Wound Healing and Infection (2004)

It is a fundamental clinical observation that wounds do not heal in tissue that does not bleed, and they almost always heal in tissue that bleeds extensively. Continuous supply of oxygen to the tissue through microcirculation is vital for the healing process and for resistance to infection. Evaluation of tissue perfusion and oxygenation is important in all types of wound patients. Monitoring systems should measure the hemodynamic situation and the ability of the cardiovascular system to deliver an adequate volume of oxygen to meet the metabolic demands of the peripheral tissue. Oxygen therapy is important in relation to both healing and resistance to infections. External factors have been shown to significantly decrease the peripheral oxygen supply, and supplementary perioperative oxygen to reduce the surgical wound infection rate by one- half in patients undergoing colorectal resection. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy may be beneficial in situations where the nutritive flow and oxygen supply to the healing tissue are compromised by local injury, and particularly if anaerobic infection is present. However, the definitive proof for the effect and indications of this therapy in wound healing still has to be established. It can be concluded that adequate delivery of oxygen to the wound tissue is vital for optimal healing and resistance to infection. Assessment of perfusion and oxygenation is essential for the wound patient, as well as the treating personnel. The indication for hyperbaric oxygen treatment still needs to be defined. During wound healing the continuity and function of the damaged tissue are re-established. This is only possible through a restoration of the microcirculation and thereby the nutrition to the tissue. The main component of the nutrition is oxygen, which is critically important for healing a wound by production of granulation tissue and for ensuring resistance against infection. This has been shown experimentally, but recently a short period of supplementary oxygen has been shown to decrease wound complications in clinical practice as well.
Novel nociceptin analogues. (2001)

A series of new nociceptin analogues containing cysteine was tested for their nociceptive effects in tail-flick test on mice after icv injection. The cysteines were introduced in order to get irreversibly binding analogues based on the assumption that the cysteines in the ligand can interact with the cysteines from the receptor to form an S-S bridge. In vivo tests revealed that Cys1-nociceptin (1-13)-NH2 (Cys1-NC) is an antagonist, whereas Cys7-NC is an agonist. Gly1[Phe(p-NO2)]4-NC was less active indicating that the antagonist properties of Cys1-NC are associated with the presence of the sulfhydryl group of cysteine. The analogues D-Cys2 and Cys3 were also almost inactive.
The Remarkable Properties of α-Diimine Rhenium Tricarbonyl Complexes in Their Metal-to-Ligand Charge-Transfer (MLCT) Excited States (1992)

Abstract α-Diimine rhenium tricarbonyl complexes [(L)Re(CO)3(α-diimine)]α/+ are exceptional among organometallic complexes in showing emission from their MLCT states at room temperature in fluid solution. The properties of these states can be “fine-tuned” by variation of the α-diimine and co-ligand L, the solvent and the rigidity of the medium. Light-induced energy and electron transfer processes occur inter- and intramolecularly. Reductive quenching of the MLCT state leads to a charge-separated LLCT state. The excited state properties of these chromophore-quencher complexes seem to be related to those of the binuclear metal-metal bonded complexes [LnMRe(CO)3(α-diimine)] (LnM = metal fragment).
Flow cytometric immunofluorescence of rat anterior pituitary cells (1985)

We have developed a flow cytometric immunofluorescence technique for the quantification of growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and luteinizing hormone (LH) producing cells. The procedure requires about 24 hours and can objectively count 50,000 cells in about 3 minutes. It is based on indirect-immunofluorescence (fluorescein) of intracellular hormone using an EPICS V cell sorter. The fluorescein distributions are gated on DNA content (propidium iodide) to eliminate counting cell clumps. Cells from the same suspensions were stained immunocytochemically and counted microscopically (1,000-2,000 cells/sample). Immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry correlated to within a few percent for GH and PRL cells. Cell suspensions from adult males and females with or without castration and a diethylstilbestrol (DES)-induced primary pituitary tumor were used to test the method. A major finding of this study was the objective identification of two populations of PRL producing cells, i.e., lightly and intensely stained cells. On the other hand, the fluorescence distribution of PRL cells from DES-induced pituitary tumors did not fall into two distinct populations but, rather, represented a broad continuum. This method should prove useful in studying the dynamics of pituitary cell populations under various physiological and pharmacological conditions.
Concordance of multiple analytical approaches demonstrates a complex relationship between DNA repair gene SNPs, smoking and bladder cancer susceptibility (2005)

Study results of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and cancer susceptibility are often conflicting, possibly because of the analytic challenges of testing for multiple genetic and environmental risk factors using traditional analytic tools. We investigated the relationship between DNA repair gene SNPs, smoking, and bladder cancer susceptibility in 355 cases and 559 controls enrolled in a population-based study of bladder cancer in the US. Our multifaceted analytical approach included logistic regression, multifactor dimensionality reduction, and hierarchical interaction graphs for the analysis of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions followed by linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis. Overall, we did not find an association between any single DNA repair gene SNP and bladder cancer risk. We did find a marginally significant elevated risk of the XPD codon 751 homozygote variant among never smokers [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0-6.2]. In addition, the XRCC1 194 variant allele was associated with a reduced bladder cancer risk among heavy smokers [adjusted OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9)]. The best predictors of bladder cancer included the XPD codon 751 and 312 SNPs along with smoking. Interpretation of this multifactor model revealed that the relationship between the XPD SNPs and bladder cancer is mostly non-additive while the effect of smoking is mostly additive. Since the two XPD SNPs are in significant linkage disequilibrium (D' = 0.52, P = 0.0001), we estimated XPD haplotypes. Individuals with variant XPD haplotypes were more susceptible to bladder cancer [e.g. adjusted OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.7-3.6] and the effect was magnified when smoking was considered. These results support the hypothesis that common polymorphisms in DNA repair genes modify bladder cancer risk and emphasize the need for a multifaceted statistical approach to identify gene-gene and gene-environment interactions.
Small simulated polyps in pig colon: sensitivity of CT virtual colography. (1997)

CT virtual colography helped detection of small mucosal polyps regardless of the angle of the colon lumen to the gantry at which they were obtained.
The Development of Three-dimensional Analyzing System of Occlusal Tooth Contacts. (1992)

This study provides the three-dimensional analyzing system of occlusal tooth contacts.The three-dimensional measurement of tooth surface was done by using the three-dimensional contact digitizer with a touch sensor probe. Tooth surfaces were digitized with 250 micrometer scanning grid.Jaw movement data were recorded by using the six-degree-of-freedom digital jaw movement tracking device (MM-JI).The three-dimensional morphology measurements of tooth surfaces were coupled with the jaw movement data and visualized on the graphic terminal.When the distance between the upper and lower occlusal facets was less than 200 micrometer, the reference point of measurements was set at the tooth contact site. Occlusal contacts at any jaw position in functional movements can be visualized on the graphic terminal.This system will be very useful for analysis of relationships between occlusal surface and jaw movement.
Characterisation of neonicotinoid resistance in Bemisia tabaci from Spain (2003)

K Gorman, J Wren, G Devine, and A Denholm, 'Characterisation of neonicotinoid resistance in Bemisia Tabaci from Spain', in Proceedings of the 2003 BCPC International Congress - Crop Science and Technology (Glasgow: BCPC, 2003) ISBN: 1901396630
Simulations of Thermal Decomposition and Film Growth from the Group VI Metal Hexacarbonyls (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimulations of Thermal Decomposition and Film Growth from the Group VI Metal HexacarbonylsF. A. Houle and W. D. HinsbergCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 39, 14477–14485Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100039a040https://doi.org/10.1021/j100039a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views87Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Thermal Conductivity Detectors in Gas Chromatography (1966)

Journal Article Thermal Conductivity Detectors in Gas Chromatography Get access Alexander E. Lawson, Jr., Alexander E. Lawson, Jr. Gow-Mac Instrument Company, Madison, New Jersey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James M. Miller James M. Miller Chemistry Department, Drew University, Madison, New Jersey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Chromatographic Science, Volume 4, Issue 8, August 1966, Pages 273–284, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/4.8.273 Published: 01 August 1966 Article history Received: 03 January 1966 Revision received: 05 July 1966 Published: 01 August 1966
Parathyroid Hormone-related Peptide Stimulates Osteogenic Cell Proliferation through Protein Kinase C Activation of the Ras/Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway (2001)

We investigated the mechanisms of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP)-mediated effects on osteogenic cells in primary rat bone marrow cell (BMC) cultures. We first demonstrated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry that BMCs express the type I parathyroid hormone/PTHrP receptor. Treatment with PTHrP increased osteogenic cell proliferation as determined by [(3)H]thymidine and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and augmented osteogenic colonies. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting revealed no direct effect on expression of the osteoblast markers, type I collagen, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin, indicating that PTHrP did not directly stimulate differentiation in this system. PTHrP increased mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity in BMC and MAPK activity, and PTHrP-induced osteogenic cell proliferation could be blocked by the MEK inhibitor PD-098059. PTHrP also increased Ras activity in BMC. Although wortmannin and H8, inhibitors of phosphoinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase A, respectively, did not block PTHrP-stimulated Ras or MAPK activity, chelerythrin chloride, a known protein kinase C inhibitor, did block these PTHrP actions as well as PTHrP-induced osteogenic cell proliferation. These results demonstrate that PTHrP stimulates osteogenic cell proliferation in rat marrow mesenchymal progenitor cells through protein kinase C-dependent activation of the Ras and MAPK signaling pathway.
Development of Wind Turbine Gearbox Data Analysis and Fault Diagnosis System (2011)

Application of modern signal processing technology, wireless sensor technology, virtual instrument technology, and database technology, the subsystem of remote condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system data analysis and fault diagnosis system is developed. The overall scheme of wind turbine gearbox remote condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system is designed, and the function of each module in the system is introduced. The basic principles of vibration signal noise reduction, time-frequency analysis, and order analysis are described. Through the analysis and diagnosis of measuring vibration signal, the subsystem is verified to be reliable and effective.
A Multi-Level Inverter for Driving a High Voltage Display (2005)

The paper proposes a stepped inverter approach to generate a high voltage sinusoid at a frequency of few hundred Hz for driving a highly capacitive load. The need for such a driver stemmed from an ITS (intelligent transportation systems) project that requires efficient inverters for driving electroluminescent (EL) displays. The EL devices are for outdoor use, to be powered by batteries, and low power consumption is a design requirement. The proposed inverter circuit employs the EL device as a hold capacitor and multiple DC levels are switched in to develop a 'stepped' sinusoid around the capacitor. The large time constant of the load necessitates that switching be done in smaller voltage steps. It also reduces stress on the switches and ordinary transistors can be used in the circuit implementation. The advantages of the proposed inverter are: power efficiency, no use of bulky inductors and capacitors, digital frequency tuning, and a cost effective low profile design. The circuit operations, configurations, and basic experimental results are presented in the paper.
Performance and functional test of flip-flops using ring oscillator structure (2011)

In this work the performance and functional evaluation of D-type flip-flops, considering the presence of asynchronous set and reset signals, is proposed through the use of ring oscillator structure (ROS). Ring oscillators are efficiently applied for combinational gate delay measurements. However, such test strategy cannot be directly applied to sequential cells since the output signal transition is not controlled by a single input signal. Novel ROS stages built using flip-flop are presented. Besides the speed verification, power consumption and aging effect analysis can also be performed over the circuit under test. The proposed test solution is also suitable for a fair comparison of performance between different topologies of flip-flops. This test approach has been validated at the gate level, through functional simulations (VHDL), and at the transistor level, through electrical simulations (SPICE).
Random Variate Generation: A Survey. (1980)

The state of the art of generating random variates on a digital computer is surveyed. General concepts are presented, followed by criteria for comparing algorithms. The literature is surveyed for continuous univariate, discrete univariate, continuous multivariate, and discrete multivariate distributions, as well as point processes, time series, order statistics and geometrically inspired problems. An extensive list of references is provided. (Author)