gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-Robot Persistent Coverage with stochastic task costs (2015)

We propose the Stochastic Multi-Robot Persistent Coverage Problem (SMRPCP) and correspondant methodology to compute an optimal schedule that enables a fleet of energy-constrained unmanned aerial vehicles to repeatedly perform a set of tasks while maximizing the frequency of task completion and preserving energy reserves via recharging depots. The approach enables online modeling of uncertain task costs and yields a schedule that adapts according to an evolving energy expenditure model. A fast heuristic method is formulated that enables online generation of a schedule that concurrently maximizes task completion frequency and avoids the risk of individual robot energy-depletion and consequential platform failure. Failure mitigation is introduced through a recourse strategy that routes robots based on acceptable levels of risk. Simulation and experimental results evaluate the efficacy of the proposed methodology and demonstrate online system-level adaptation due to increasingly certain costs models acquired during the deployment execution.
ICAR, un algorithme d'ICA à convergence rapide robuste au bruit (2003)

International audience
[Study on the most appropriate time for Romurtide administration (Nopia) in radiotherapy patients]. (1997)

The most appropriate time for administration was studied based on examination of the total number of leukocytes, differential white blood count, and the number of platelets in 30 cases in which 200 micrograms Romurtide (Nopia) was injected subcutaneously on the day of radiotherapy, 5 times a week, for 2 weeks, totally 10 times because leukopenia was caused during treatment with radiotherapy. It was recognized that the number of leukocytes, mainly neutrophils, increased from 1 week after starting administration of Romurtide to after the completion of administration (2 weeks after administration), except 1 week after completion of administration. The increasing effect in the number of platelets was not recognized, and it had decreased from at the completion of administration to 1 week after the completion of administration of Romurtide. The rate of completion of radiotherapy was 100% without any serious adverse events, but there were 4 cases in which fever was observed. Therefore, it is not very favorable to administer Romurtide immediately after radiation, taking account of the treatment period of radiotherapy. It is also considered that it would be necessary to start radiation after sufficient recovery of the number of leukocytes or increase in their number by using G-CSF preparation in cases in which the leukocyte count has fallen since starting radiation due to the influence of the preceding chemotherapy.
Stress and development: Behavioral and biological consequences (2001)

Childhood abuse is an important public health problem; however, little is known about the effects of abuse on the brain and neurobiological development. This article reviews the behavioral and biological consequences of childhood abuse and places them in a developmental context. Animal studies show that both positive and negative events early in life can influence neurobiological development in unique ways. Early stressors such as maternal separation result in lasting effects on stress-responsive neurobiological systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and noradrenergic systems. These studies also implicate a brain area involved in learning and memory, the hippocampus. in the long-term consequences of early stress. Clinical studies of patients with a history of abuse also implicate dysfunction in the HPA axis and the noradrenergic and hippocampal systems; however, there are multiple questions related to chronicity of stress, developmental epoch at the time of the stressor, presence of stress-related psychiatric disorders including posttraumatic stress disorder and depression. and psychological factors mediating the response to trauma that need to be addressed in this field of research. Understanding the effects of abuse on the development of the brain and neurobiology will nevertheless have important treatment and policy implications.
Modeling the Effect of External Gas Flux on Reservoir Fluid Distribution (2002)

Abstract In some circumstances, particularly in recent mature and permeable petroleum systems, hydrocarbon accumulations are subjected to gas fluxes, which lead to non-conventional fluid distribution. After their migration into the trap, various forces shape the fluids. Among them, gravity has the most striking effect and has been widely studied. But in many cases, there is evidence for the contribution of other forces like thermal gradients and external mass flux at a geological time-scale. Taking all these phenomena into account to obtain a consistent picture of fluid distribution is an important challenge for the petroleum industry. There are already a number of tools available for calculating the compositional gradient within a reservoir, including the contribution of gravity and thermal gradient. In many field cases, the actual profile differs from the one calculated. The discrepancies are imputed to other external forces: the mass fluxes at the reservoir boundaries. In this paper, we present the modeling of diffusion fluxes across the reservoir. Drawing on field examples, the paper provides a methodology for dealing with dynamic reservoir fluid systems and offers petroleum engineers guidelines to avoid many pitfalls during the field evaluation procedure. The model matches the observed compositional gradient and corresponding PVT properties. It allows reliable connectivity assessment in cases where gravitational modeling fails. The main contributions are a methodology for integrating the geological constraints in the evaluation of fluid distribution in a reservoir and the description of the model, which includes the impact of gravity, thermal gradient and external component fluxes.
Cloning, nucleotide sequence, and characterization of mtr, the structural gene for a tryptophan-specific permease of Escherichia coli K-12 (1991)

The mtr gene of Escherichia coli K-12 encodes an L-tryptophan-specific permease. This gene was originally identified through the isolation of mutations in the 69-min region of the chromosome, closely linked to argG. Cells with lesions in mtr display a phenotype of 5-methyltryptophan resistance. The mtr gene was cloned by using the mini-Mu system. The amino acid sequence of Mtr (414 codons), deduced by DNA sequence analysis, was found to be 33% identical to that of another single-component transport protein, the tyrosine-specific permease, TyrP. The hydropathy plots of the two permeases were similar. Possible operator sites for the tyrosine and tryptophan repressors are situated within the region of DNA that is likely to be the mtr promoter.
A Panel of Immunohistochemical Stains Assists in the Distinction Between Ovarian and Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (2003)

The diagnosis of primary clear cell carcinoma of the ovary or kidney is usually straightforward. However, problems in ascertaining the site of the primary tumor may arise when there is widespread metastatic disease or when clear cell carcinoma is present in both the ovary and kidney. In this study, the value of a panel of antibodies in distinguishing between an ovarian and renal clear cell carcinoma was evaluated. The panel comprised cytokeratin (CK)7 and 20, vimentin, estrogen receptor (ER), CD10, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) marker. Ovarian clear cell carcinomas (n=14) were positive with CK7 (14/14), vimentin (6/14), ER (2/14), and RCC marker (2/14). All were negative with CD10 and CK20. Renal clear cell carcinomas (n=14) were positive with CD10 (14/14), RCC marker (14/14), vimentin (7/14), CK7 (2/14), and CK20 (1/14). All were negative with ER. This panel allows clear cell carcinomas of the ovary and kidney to be distinguished with a high degree of certainty and is a useful adjunct to histologic examination. Primary ovarian clear cell carcinomas are characterized by CK7 positivity, whereas primary renal neoplasms are characterized by positivity for CD10 and RCC marker and negative staining with CK7.
Trimethylethoxysilane-modified super heat-resistant alumina aerogels for high-temperature thermal insulation and adsorption applications (2014)

The study of heat resistance of alumina aerogels has drawn great attention because of their high-temperature thermal insulation and catalyst applications. However, the main problem for the synthesis of heat-resistant alumina aerogels is their limited heat resistance and the drastic decrease of specific surface area upon heat treatment. Herein, trimethylethoxysilane (TMEO)-modified alumina aerogels are prepared by introduction of TMEO during sol–gel and supercritical fluid drying (SCFD) process. The introduced TMEO not only restricts the condensation of surface hydroxyl groups during aging and drying but also produces small silica particles on the alumina surface at high temperatures which inhibits the crystal growth upon heat treatment. Hence, the heat resistance of alumina aerogels is significantly enhanced after TMEO modification. The optimized TMEO-modified alumina aerogel has no cracks and little shrinkage during high-temperature SCFD, and shows no shrinkage and a high specific surface area of 147 m2 g−1 after heat treatment at 1200 °C. The TMEO-modified alumina aerogel possesses enhanced adsorption performance for gentian violet after firing at 1200 °C and shows low thermal conductivities of 0.13 and 0.18 W m−1 K−1 at 800 and 1000 °C, respectively. This may significantly contribute to their high-temperature applications such as thermal insulation, adsorption, catalysts, catalyst supports, etc.
Design of a logarithmic <i>k</i>‐space spiral trajectory (2001)

Spiral acquisitions are used in fast cardiac imaging because they traverse k-space efficiently and minimize flow artifacts. A variable pitch logarithmic spiral trajectory is designed to critically sample the low-frequency region in k-space and gradually undersample the high-frequency region. An approximate analytical expression for the trajectory provides a fast means to calculate the gradient waveforms and the sampled data points. A numerical method is introduced based on the trajectory curvature and the rate of change in the gradient magnitude with time for the composite Archimedean-logarithmic trajectory. The pulse sequence is implemented and images are acquired on phantoms and human hearts. The images show improved image resolution and some improvement in image quality as a result of increased extent in k-space and reduction in aliasing artifacts, respectively.
Split-path skewed (SPS) CMOS buffer for high performance and low power applications (2001)

Splitting a regular multistage CMOS buffer into two separate paths, and then skewing each path in opposite directions to achieve faster delay leads to a new, high-speed, split-path skewed (SPS) CMOS buffer. The two skewed paths are statically merged in the final stage such that the short-circuit current is eliminated without tri-stating the output. The proposed circuit is simulated for various skew values in a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology for a 1.8 V supply voltage. The SPICE simulation results validate the fast operation of the proposed buffer and show that the energy delay product is always reduced and, for a skew value of four, the delay with respect to a regular tapered buffer design is reduced by 28% to 34%.
Molecular basis of loss-of-function mutations in the glp-1 gene of Caenorhabditis elegans. (1992)

The glp-1 gene encodes a membrane protein required for inductive cell interactions during development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we report the molecular characterization of 15 loss-of-function (lf) mutations of glp-1. Two nonsense mutations appear to eliminate glp-1 activity; both truncate the glp-1 protein in its extracellular domain and have a strong loss-of-function phenotype. Twelve missense mutations and one in-frame deletion map to sites within the repeated motifs of the glp-1 protein (10 epidermal growth factor [EGF]-like and 3 LNG repeats extracellularly and 6 cdc10/SWI6, or ankyrin, repeats intracellularly). We find that all three types of repeated motifs are critical to glp-1 function, and two individual EGF-like repeats may have distinct functions. Intriguingly, all four missense mutations in one phenotypic class map to the N-terminal EGF-like repeats and all six missense mutations in a second phenotypic class reside in the intracellular cdc10/SWI6 repeats. These two clusters of mutations may identify functional domains within the glp-1 protein.
Phospha-Michael Additions to Activated Internal Alkenes: Steric and Electronic Effects (2011)

The addition of P(O)-H bonds to internal alkenes has been accomplished under solvent-free conditions without the addition of a catalyst or radical initiator. Using a prototypical secondary phosphine oxide, a range of substrates including cinnamates, crotonates, coumarins, sulfones, and chalcones were successfully functionalized. Highly activated acceptors such as isopropylidenemalononitrile and ethyl 2-cyano-3-methyl-2-butenoate underwent the phospha-Michael reaction upon simple trituration of the reagents at room temperature, whereas less activated substrates such as ethyl cinnamate and methyl crotonate required heating (>150 °C) in a microwave reactor to achieve significant consumption of the starting alkenes. For the latter alkenes, a competing reaction involving disproportionation of the ditolylphosphine oxide into ditolylphosphinic acid and ditolylphosphine was observed at the high temperatures needed to promote the addition reaction.
Low-coherence interferometer system for the simultaneous measurement of refractive index and thickness (2002)

We have developed a low-coherence interferometer system used for the simultaneous measurement of refractive index n and thickness t of transparent plates. Both the phase index np and group index ng can be determined automatically in a wide thickness range of from 10 µm to a few millimeters. Two unique techniques are presented to measure np, ng, and t simultaneously. One allows us to determine np, ng, and t accurately by using a special sample holder, in which the measurement accuracy is 0.3% for the thickness t above 0.1 mm. In the other technique the chromatic dispersion δn of index is approximately expressed as a function of (np - 1) on the basis of measured values of np and ng for a variety of materials, and then the simultaneous measurement is performed with a normal sample holder. In addition, a measurement accuracy of less than 1% is achieved even when the sample is as thin as 20 µm. The measurement time is also 3 min or more.
Pharmacokinetics of antiviral polyoxometalates in rats (1994)

Polyoxometalates are soluble mineral compounds formed principally of oxide anions and early transition metal cations. The polyoxometalates K12H2[P2W12O48].24H2O (JM 1591), K10[P2W18Zn4(H2O)2O68].20H2O (JM 1596), and [(CH3)3NH]8[Si2W18Nb6O77] (JM 2820) demonstrate potent antiviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2, herpes simplex virus, and cytomegalovirus in vitro. The preclinical pharmacokinetics of these three compounds were characterized after single-dose intravenous administration of 50 mg/kg to rats. Plasma, urine, and feces were collected for 168 h, and polyoxometalate concentrations were determined by atomic emission. Serum protein binding was measured by equilibrium dialysis. All three compounds were highly bound to serum proteins in a concentration-dependent manner. Total and unbound concentrations of the three compounds in plasma declined in a triexponential manner with terminal half-lives of 246.0 +/- 127.0, 438.4 +/- 129.4, and 32.2 +/- 5.37 h (mean +/- standard deviation) for JM 1591, JM 1596, and JM 2820, respectively. Systemic clearances based on total concentrations in plasma were low, averaging 0.016 +/- 0.002, 0.015 +/- 0.002, and 0.018 +/- 0.003 liter/h/kg for JM 1591, JM 1596, and JM 2820, respectively. The clearances of unbound compounds from plasma averaged 0.966 +/- 0.136, 0.050 +/- 0.005, and 0.901 +/- 0.165 liter/h/kg for JM 1591, JM 1596, and JM 2820, respectively. For JM 1596, the clearance of unbound compound from the kidneys was lower than the glomerular filtration rate (0.086 liter/h/kg), suggesting this polyoxometalate underwent renal tubular reabsorption. However, JM 1591 and JM 2820 appeared to undergo tubular secretion. The fraction of the dose recovered in urine was 11.5, 46.8, and 10.6% for JM 1591, JM 1596, and JM 2820, respectively. Approximately 5% of the dose of each polyoxometalate was recovered in feces. The steady-state volume of distribution based on total concentrations averaged 1.44 liters/kg for JM 1591, 2.39 liters/kg for JM 1596, and 0.59 liter/kg for JM 2820, indicating moderate to wide distribution throughout the body. All three compounds were detected in various tissues 1 week after single-dose administrations, with the highest levels found in the kidneys and liver. The results of this study indicate that the disposition of polyoxometalates is highly dependent on their molecular structure.
Gene Expression of Genital Human Papillomaviruses and Considerations on Potential Antiviral Approaches (2002)

Genital human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are carcinogenic to humans and are associated with most cases of cervical cancer, genital and laryngeal warts, and certain cutaneous neoplastic lesions. Five of the more than 50 known genital HPV types, HPV-6, -11, -16, -18 and -31, have become the models to study gene expression. The comparison of the studies of these five viruses and analyses of the genomic sequences of those genital HPV types that have not been transcriptionally studied make it likely that genital HPVs share most strategies for regulating their transcription. These strategies are quite different from those of unrelated human and animal papillomaviruses. Among these common properties are (i) a specific promoter structure allowing for fine-tuned negative feedback, (ii) a transcriptional enhancer that is specific for epithelial cells, (iii) regulation by progesterone and glucocorticoid hormones, (iv) silencers, whose principal function appears to be transcriptional repression in the basal layer of infected epithelia, (v) specifically positioned nucleosomes that mediate the functions of some enhancer and the silencer factors, (vi) nuclear matrix attachment regions that can, under different conditions, repress or stimulate transcription, and (vii) as yet poorly understood late promoters positioned very remote from the late genes. Most of these properties are controlled by cellular proteins that, due to their simultaneous importance for cellular processes, may not be useful as HPV-specific drug targets. It should be possible, however, to target complex cis-responsive elements unique to these HPV genomes by nucleotide sequence-specific molecules, such as antisense RNA, polyamides and artificial transcription factors. The application of small molecule-based drugs may be restricted to target proteins encoded by the HPV DNA, such as the replication factor E1 and the transcription/replication factor E2.
Rapid Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections with PCR Followed by Mass Spectrometry (2013)

Achieving a rapid microbiological diagnosis is crucial for decreasing morbidity and mortality of patients with a bloodstream infection, as it leads to the administration of an appropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy. Molecular methods may offer a rapid alternative to conventional microbiological diagnosis involving blood culture. In this study, the performance of a new technology that uses broad-spectrum PCR coupled with mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS) was evaluated for the detection of microorganisms directly from whole blood. A total of 247 whole blood samples and paired blood cultures were prospectively obtained from 175 patients with a suspicion of sepsis. Both sample types were analyzed using the PCR/ESI-MS technology, and the results were compared with those obtained by conventional identification methods. The overall agreement between conventional methods and PCR/ESI-MS performed in blood culture aliquots was 94.2% with 96.8% sensitivity and 98.5% specificity for the molecular method. When comparing conventional methods with PCR/ESI-MS performed in whole blood specimens, the overall agreement was 77.1% with 50% sensitivity and 93.8% specificity for the molecular method. Interestingly, the PCR/ESI-MS technology led to the additional identification of 13 pathogens that were not found by conventional methods. Using the PCR/ESI-MS technology the microbiological diagnosis of bloodstream infections could be anticipated in about half of the patients in our setting, including a small but significant proportion of patients newly diagnosed. Thus, this promising technology could be very useful for the rapid diagnosis of sepsis in combination with traditional methods.
Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane in Directly Irradiated Solar Reactor With Porcupine Absorber (2011)

A new solar volumetric reactor for CO2 reforming of CH4 was tested at the Solar Tower of the Weizmann Institute of Science. The reactor design was based on extensive previous experimental work with a volumetric receiver for heating air and simulation of volumetric reformer. The main parts of the reactor were a conical quartz window and a Porcupine absorber as the surface where chemical and thermal energy conversion took place. A specially developed ruthenium catalyst was used. The CO2 to CH4 ratio was about 1:1.2, and the total inlet flow rate was between 100 slpm and 235 slpm (slpm denotes standard liter per minute). The maximum absorber temperature was kept below 1450 K. The conversion of CH4 reached 85%. The total power absorbed was between 10.3 kW and 18.2 kW, of which the thermal power part was 2.3–4.5 kW and the stored chemical enrichment was 7.5–13.7 kW. The results indicate that this type of volumetric reactor can be used effectively for CO2 reforming of CH4, and further work aimed at improving the total efficiency of the system is in progress.
Design of Intelligent Terminal Based on ARM and FPGA (2012)

At present, China is vigorously developing the smart grid, due to the immaturity of the intelligent circuit breaker, a totally new device is introduced in the process layer to ensure the realization of intellectualization of primary equipment in the intelligent substation: the. The intelligent terminal is an interface of primary equipment and secondary equipment in intelligent substation system realizing the intelligent transformation of the traditional primary equipment, which is also the optimal solution to the traditional switch and transformer interface problems of intelligent substation. The intelligent terminal devices of 126KVGIS are designed in this paper, the design process adopts the method of ARM+FPGA dual-CPU structure，which makes the intelligent terminal have an efficient and rapid processing capacity so as to satisfy the requirement of practical application. Starting from the modularization structure design, function of each module, circuit design and implementation method were introduced in detail. A hardware platform was established according to the design. Finally, the article confirmed the correctness of the hardware platform primarily through experimental method.
<title>Dynamic linear tOmography And Routine Linear Tomography: A Clinical Comparison</title> (1980)

Eight board certified diagnostic radiologists reviewed 37 tomographic examinations obtained by routine technique and dynamic technique (dynamic tomography). Based on responses to four questions, the routine tomographic technique was strongly preferred for the three different organ systems examined, (kidney, lung/mediastinum, and bone). However, selected patients benefit from the current form of dynamic tomography because of shorter examination time. Radiation exposure is also reduced. Other advantages of dynamic tomography are discussed.