gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Instantaneous Credit Risk Correlation (2007)

In this article we suggest a way of estimating instantaneous credit risk correlations. The method, which is an extension of the Solnik and Roulet dispersion-based correlation measure [Solnik and Roulet [2000]. Dispersion as cross-sectional correlation. Financial Analysts Journal, 56, 54-61] to the credit market, relies on credit spreads and instead of taking a time-series perspective it uses the cross-section of spreads. The two main advantages of the method are that the day-to-day dynamics of the correlation can be studied and that one single “global” correlation parameter is produced. The former is an advantage, generally, considering the short history of the credit derivatives market as well as the growing interest in correlation trading and the latter is an advantage, particularly, in the quickly growing structured credit portfolio market. In the empirical part of the article we present some evidence on the dynamics of credit risk correlations throughout the history of the credit default swap index market. Finally, we discuss some areas where the approach could be particularly useful. <b>TOPICS:</b>CLOs, CDOs, and other structured credit, credit risk management, credit default swaps
Experimental Balloon Obstruction of the Inferior Vena Cava (1970)

From Department of Surgery and Department of Radiology, Presbyterian-St. Luke's Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
Water-Soluble and Water Dispersible Polymers by Living Radical Polymerisation (2000)

An overview of recent advances in living radical polymerisation under aqueous conditions and the synthesis of water-soluble and dispersible polymers by living radical polymerisation techniques is given. Living radical polymerisation involving nitroxide stabilised radicals, transition metal mediated and reversible addition fragmentation (RAFT) is covered. This overview is followed by some specific examples of the use of copper(I) mediated living radical polymerisation for the synthesis of some water soluble/dispersible polymers. Firstly the use of a modified SPAN surfactant to polymerise 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) producing polymers with narrow polydispersity and controlled Mn is described (Mn = 6700, PDI = 1.27). These polymers disperse in acidic aqueous media with a CAC of 0.16 gL-1. Derivatised solketal is described as an initator for sequential atom transfer polymerisation of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and DMAEMA to give Y-shaped water soluble polymers. These two examples serve to illustrate the range of topology and hydrophilic functionality which can easily be incorporated into vinyl polymers through living radical methodology.
Liquid–liquid phase separation: characterisation of a novel device capable of separating particle carrying multiphase flows (2008)

Capillary forces on the microscale are exploited to create a continuous flow liquid-liquid phase separator. Segmented flow regimes of immiscible fluids are generated and subsequently separated into their component phases through an array of high aspect ratio, laser machined, separation ducts (36 microm wide, 130 microm deep) in a planar, integrated, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microdevice. A controlled pressure differential across the phase separator architecture facilitates the selective passage of the wetting, organic, phase through the separator ducts, enabling separation of microfluidic multiphase flow streams. The reported device is demonstrated to separate water and chloroform segmented flow regimes at flow rates up to 0.4 ml min(-1). Separation efficiency is quantified over a range of flow rates and applied pressure differentials, characterising device behaviour and limits of operation. Experimental measurements and observations are supported by theoretical hydrodynamic and capillary pressure modelling. The influence of material properties and geometric design parameters on phase separation is quantified and optimisation strategies proposed. The novel ability of the membrane free device to separate an organic phase containing suspended microparticulates, from an aqueous phase, is also demonstrated.
Radiation tolerance of current CCD-based CCTV cameras (2002)

Twelve types of CCTV camera have been radiation tested using a standard test procedure. The results of these tests are presented as a guide to the generic radiation tolerance of such cameras.
Sintering and Deformation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Produced by Sequential Tape Casting (2009)

Anode‐supported solid oxide fuel cells have been produced by water base sequential tape casting and cosintering. The curvature developed upon cosintering was monitored in situ . By tailoring the green microstructure, it was possible to reduce the curvature rate and to produce flat cells avoiding the need for a creep‐flattening treatment. The power density at 800°C and 0.7 V was 751.7 mW/cm 2 .
A 94 GHz OFDM Frequency Scanning Radar for Autonomous Landing Guidance (2007)

Autonomous landing guidance (ALG) is an airborne navigation radar developed by BAE Systems North America in collaboration with MBDA UK. The 94 GHz ALG radar reduces dependence on ground-based instrument landing system (ILS) and space-borne GPS in landing the aircraft by allowing pilots to map the runway even under adverse weather conditions. In this paper, a novel 94 GHz orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) frequency scanning radar (FSR) concept is presented, which offers potential cost and size reductions over the legacy design.
The virtual retinal display: a new technology for virtual reality and augmented vision in medicine. (1998)

The Virtual Retinal Display (VRD) is a new technology for creating visual images. It was developed at the Human Interface Technology Laboratory (HIT Lab) by Dr. Thomas A. Furness III. The VRD creates images by scanning low power laser light directly onto the retina. This special method results in images that are bright, high contrast and high resolution. In this paper, we describe how the VRD functions, the special consequences of its mechanism of action and potential medical applications of the VRD, including surgical displays and displays for people with low vision. A description of its safety analysis will also be included. In one set of tests we had a number of patients with partial loss of vision view images with the VRD. There were two groups of subjects: patients with macular degeneration, a degenerative disease of the retina and patients with keratoconus. Typical VRD images are on the order of 300 nanowatts. VRD images are also readily viewed superimposed on ambient room light. In our low vision test subjects, 5 out of 8 subjects with macular degeneration felt the VRD images were better and brighter than the CRT or paper images and they were able to reach the same or better level of resolution. All patients with Keratoconus were able to resolve lines of test several lines smaller with the VRD than with their own correction. Further, they all felt that the VRD images were sharper and easier to view. The VRD is a safe new display technology. The power levels recorded from the system are several orders below the power levels prescribed by the American National Standard. The VRD readily creates images that can be easily seen in ambient roomlight and it can create images that can be seen in ambient daylight. The combination of high brightness and contrast and high resolution make the VRD an ideal candidate for use in a surgical display. Further, tests show strong potential for the VRD to be a display technology for patients with low vision.
ECGSIM: Interactive simulation of the ECG for teaching and research purposes (2010)

The expression of the electric activity of the heart in the ECG waveforms is complex. The understanding of this relation can be facilitated by using an interactive tool that enables the user to introduce changes in the electrical activity of the heart and to observe the effect on the ECG. ECGSIM (version 1.3) is such an interactive simulation tool. It has been found to be effective both in teaching and basic research. A new version (2.0) of ECGSIM is introduced, in which the expression of atrial activity has been included and the functionality has been extended. 1.
Laboratory tests for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a multicenter study. (1999)

A multicenter clinical trial of the thrombin inhibitor argatroban (Novastan; Texas Biotechnology, Houston, TX; Smith-Kline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, PA) was recently conducted in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and HIT that had progressed to thrombosis (HITTS). In patients defined by the inclusion/exclusion criteria, the utility of three diagnostic HIT assays was investigated: the platelet aggregation assay, the serotonin release assay (SRA), and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the antibody to the heparin-platelet factor 4 (H-PF4) complex. Confirmation was made in 26%, 55%, and 64% of the patients, respectively (n = 199 patients; 512 to 606 samples; P < .001 platelet aggregation assay v SRA v ELISA). Patients who progressed to HITTS (n = 98) were more often confirmed than were HIT patients without associated thrombosis (n = 101) (P < .05). Confirmation by platelet aggregation assay and SRA results generally was associated with a higher antibody titer. However, a minimum critical titer could not be identified, because all patterns of positive and negative results by the platelet aggregation assay, SRA, and ELISA were observed, and clinically ill patients had a wide range of antibody titers. Over a 30-day period, the percentage of positive responses did not change. Although multiple testing over several days enhanced the chance of confirmation, this difference was not significant. Combined results of the three assays enhanced the positive response to 83% of the total population (P < .005). These data demonstrate that there is no direct correlation between the positive response of these assays, and that clinically positive HIT patients can be missed by all three assays. With these limitations, the combination of platelet aggregation assay, SRA, and ELISA testing with multiple samples offers the best chance of confirming a positive HIT patient. Caution is advised, however, in interpreting all assay results, as no assay is optimal.
Enantiomeric Separation of Sulfur- and Selenium-Containing Amino Acids by Capillary Electrophoresis Using Vancomycin as a Chiral Selector (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnantiomeric Separation of Sulfur- and Selenium-Containing Amino Acids by Capillary Electrophoresis Using Vancomycin as a Chiral SelectorRadim. Vespalec, Hugo. Corstjens, Hugo A. H. Billiet, Johannes. Frank, and Karel Ch. A. M. LuybenCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 18, 3223–3228Publication Date (Print):September 15, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00114a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00114a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views236Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
KSRP is critical in governing hepatic lipid metabolism through controlling Per2 expression (2014)

Hepatic lipid metabolism is controlled by integrated metabolic pathways. Excess accumulation of hepatic TG is a hallmark of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Here, we show that KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) ablation reduces hepatic TG levels and diet-induced hepatosteatosis. Expression of period 2 (Per2) is increased during the dark period, and circadian oscillations of several core clock genes are altered with a delayed phase in Ksrp(-/-) livers. Diurnal expression of some lipid metabolism genes is also disturbed with reduced expression of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis. Using primary hepatocytes, we demonstrate that KSRP promotes decay of Per2 mRNA through an RNA-protein interaction and show that increased Per2 expression is responsible for the phase delay in cycling of several clock genes in the absence of KSRP. Similar to Ksrp(-/-) livers, both expression of lipogenic genes and intracellular TG levels are also reduced in Ksrp(-/-) hepatocytes due to increased Per2 expression. Using heterologous mRNA reporters, we show that the AU-rich element-containing 3' untranslated region of Per2 is responsible for KSRP-dependent mRNA decay. These findings implicate that KSRP is an important regulator of circadian expression of lipid metabolism genes in the liver likely through controlling Per2 mRNA stability.
Experimentally produced porphyria in animals (1955)

Abstract The chemical findings of Schmid & Schwartz (1952) in experimental porphyria of rabbits induced by sedormid have been confirmed. Since sedormid is hypnotic, a group of related drugs has been tested to find one which might produce the chemical picture in animals without hypnosis. Such a drug is allyl- isopropyl-acetamide (A.I.A.). In this investigation, the constant chemical structure affecting porphyrin metabolism was found to be CH2=CH—CH2—CHR—CO—NH—. Some rabbits excrete large amounts of porphobilinogen and uroporphyrin when given either sedormid or A.I.A., others produce little. It is suggested that the cause of this difference is related to a variability of the individual rabbit liver to deal effectively with those drugs. Rabbits, intoxicated with either drug, became constipated, had poor appetite and lost weight. They did not become paralyzed, nor show any change in systolic blood pressure or in their haematological values. Two fowls, one also given a barbiturate, and nine rats wore intoxicated with allyl-isopropyl-acetamide. Although these animals excreted relatively high levels of porphobilinogen and porphyrins, they did not develop paralysis. The experimentally induced porphyria in animals is compared with hum an acute porphyria. The effects are described of reticulo-endothelial blockade, splenectomy and barbiturate administration on porphyria induced experimentally in rabbits. Experimental porphyria appears to be due to an overproduction of porphyrins, rather than to an under-utilization of porphyrin pigments. An atypical porphobilinogen reaction is described. It is present in the early stage of drug intoxication in rabbits and has also been noted in human acute porphyria at low levels of porphobilinogen excretion.
Conjugate gradient learning algorithms for multilayer perceptrons (2003)

Learning complex tasks in a multilayer perceptron is a nonlinear optimization problem that is often very difficult and painstakingly slow. The use of conjugate gradient methods to speed up convergence rates is proposed. These methods result in a very moderate increase in storage and computational complexity compared to the commonly used backpropagation algorithm. The algorithm used is a modified conjugate gradient method that uses inexact line searches. This reduces the number of function evaluations necessary in the line search part of the algorithm. Simulation results that show the improved convergence rate compared to the backpropagation algorithm are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Amylase gene structures in primates: retroposon insertions and promoter evolution (1996)

Amylase transcription in the human salivary gland results from the evolutionary juxtaposition of two inserted elements, a gamma-actin pseudogene and an endogenous retrovirus, to create an unusual salivary-specific promoter. We utilized these structures as molecular tags to characterize the amylase genes in extant primates by polymerase chain reaction amplification of promoter fragments from genomic DNA. Six distinct amylase promoter structures were identified, which allowed us to infer the structures of common ancestors and trace the evolution of the modern human amylase promoters. Our data show that integration of the pseudogene and retrovirus were evolutionarily recent events. The gamma-actin pseudogene integrated after the divergence of the New World monkeys from the primate ancestral tree, and the retrovirus integrated later, after the divergence of the Old World monkeys. The New World monkey amylase promoter represents the mammalian amylase precursor structure before integration of the two retroposons. Two distinct amylase genes were identified in the Old World monkeys, one with a complete gamma-actin pseudogene insert and another novel structure with a truncation of the gamma-actin sequences. We demonstrated abundant amylase expression in the saliva of an Old World monkey, indicating that the endogenous retrovirus is not required for amylase transcription in the primate salivary gland.
A recombinant adenovirus expressing an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) target antigen can selectively reactivate rare components of EBV cytotoxic T-lymphocyte memory in vitro (1996)

While the bulk of a virus-induced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response may focus on a few immunodominant viral antigens, in certain tumor virus systems the detectability of clones recognizing other, subdominant antigens can assume particular importance. By using the human CTL response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) as a model system, here we show that even rare components of virus-specific memory can be selectively reactivated in vitro when the relevant target antigen is expressed in autologous stimulator cells from a recombinant adenovirus (RAd) vector. We generated a replication-deficient adenovirus, RAd-E3C, which in skin fibroblast cultures expressed the EBV nuclear antigen EBNA3C at a 10- to 100-fold-higher level than that naturally present in EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). Initial experiments with a donor whose polyclonal CTL response to LCL stimulation contained a strong EBNA3C-specific component showed that these CTLs could be efficiently reactivated by in vitro stimulation either with RAd-E3C-infected fibroblasts or with RAd-E3C-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Then we studied donors whose responses to LCL stimulation contained little if any detectable EBNA3C reactivity but were dominated by clones recognizing other EBV target antigens; in vitro stimulation with RAd-E3C-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells selectively reactivated EBNA3C-specific CTL clones from these individuals, with the epitope specificities of responses subsequently identified at the peptide level. This RAd-based approach could be applied more generally to screen for human CTL responses against any candidate target antigen expressed by tumor cells.
Performance Evaluation of a Fiber Length Classifier (1999)

A performance evaluation was conducted on a differential mobility classi er that separates bers according to length using dielectrophoresis.The classi er had been constructed and used for several applications in previous studies.The performance of the classi er was predicted using a two-dimensional axisymmetric model of the ow eld and then calculating particle trajectories for a variety of conditions.Based on the ow calculations, several regions of the classi er were improved to reduce likelihood of turbulent losses.For a given total ow through the classi er and a maximum voltage across the electrodes, the performance of the classi er was found to depend on the ratios of the aerosol ow to the inner and the outer sheath ows.It was found that the minimum classi able length, the minimum length distribution width, and the throughput of classi ed bers can each be optimized, but not independently.Several approaches to testing the resolution of the classi er were tried.The rst was to measure the length distribution of bers passing through the classi er under different conditions using electron microscopy.However, this was a slow and imprecise measure of performance.Two approaches using monodisperse latex spheres were used; one operated the instrument as an electrical mobility (electrophoresis) analyzer and the other evaluated only the ow system accuracy.All measures indicate that the classi er operates close to theoretical performance, but improvements are still possible.Suggested improvements require redesign of the ow system and improved electrode alignment.
Analysis of the capsule edge after Fugo plasma blade capsulotomy, continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, and can-opener capsulotomy (2004)

Although performance of an anterior capsulotomy with the Fugo blade was associated with some margin irregularities, the geometry of the centrally directed tags prevented them from becoming the site of radial tear formation. The base of the capsulotomy performed with the Fugo blade appeared to be almost as smooth and regular as in the CCC under SEM evaluation.
Structural Diversity of Bismuth(III) Thiophenemonocarboxylates Isolated from Aqueous Solutions (2016)

Five novel Bi III –thiophenemonocarboxylate (Bi III –TMC) compounds containing pyridinium cations have been synthesized from room‐temperature reactions of bismuth precursors with 2‐thiophenecarboxylic acid (HTMC) and pyridine in water. The structures have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, and two of the compounds have been further characterized by Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The solid‐state structures of the compounds are built from anionic Bi III building units that vary in nuclearity, overall connectivity, and dimensionality. When using bismuth nitrate at a relatively low metal/ligand ratio, Hpy[Bi(TMC) 4 (HTMC)] ( 1 ) is formed, which consists of mononuclear units charge‐balanced by second coordination sphere pyridinium cations. With increasing metal/ligand ratios, and by consequence, increasing nitrate concentration, nitrate and carboxylate‐bridged chains of [Bi 2 (TMC) 3 (NO 3 )] – units in Hpy[Bi 2 (TMC) 6 (NO 3 )] ( 2 ), and nitrate‐bridged [Bi 2 (TMC) 3 (NO 3 ) 2 ] 2– dimers in Hpy[Bi(TMC) 3 (NO 3 )] ( 3 ) are isolated. Starting from Bi 2 O 3 , polymorphs (Hpy) 2 [Bi 2 (TMC) 8 ] ( 4 ) and (Hpy) 2 [Bi 2 (TMC) 8 ] ( 5 ) are formed, both of which contain bismuth centers bridged by carboxylate groups to form dimeric units that are charge‐balanced by pyridinium cations. Presented herein is a discussion of the synthetic conditions over which 1 – 5 were isolated, and their solid‐state structural chemistry. The thermal stability of 1 and 3 , and the spectroscopic characterization of the compounds, are also reported.