gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Freak Waves in Random Oceanic Sea States (2001)

Freak waves are very large, rare events in a random ocean wave train. Here we study their generation in a random sea state characterized by the Joint North Sea Wave Project spectrum. We assume, to cubic order in nonlinearity, that the wave dynamics are governed by the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. We show from extensive numerical simulations of the NLS equation how freak waves in a random sea state are more likely to occur for large values of the Phillips parameter alpha and the enhancement coefficient gamma. Comparison with linear simulations is also reported.
Investigation of Partial Flip Angle Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1986)

For magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head a TR of about 2.0 seconds has been found to give excellent sensitivity to desease. If a flip angle less than 90/sup 0/ is used for initial excitation, it is possible to maintain sensitivity to disease while reducing TR and thus total imaging time. Simulations based on data from patients with representative pathology show that image contrast is preserved. By acquiring sequences at TR = 0.5 seconds with two different flip angles it is possible to calculate T1 with good accuracy, thus allowing calculated images at arbitrary TR to be produced.
Algunos aspectos de la coccidiosis aviar en la zona de Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, México* Some aspects on poultry coccidiosis in the area of Coatzacoalcos in the state of Veracruz in Mexico* (2002)

The present study was aimed at finding out about the age of maximum oocyst elimination, and the relation on quantity average elimination relative to environmental humidity, as well as to determine the species of Eimeria, and their frequency during eight productive cycles on broiler chicken houses in commercial farms under normal handling conditions and anticoccidial use at the poultry area of Coatzacoalcos in the State of Veracruz in Mexico. Samples of fresh droppings of representative chicken houses from seven farms of the area were simultaneously studied from the second to the seventh week of age. Positive samples were quantified and identified by flotation and McMaster methods. Results indicated that the mean age of maximum oocyst elimination in the chicken was of 28 days. Oocyst average showed a direct relation with a relative humidity present in the productive cycles. Species identified and their mean average frequency were: E. tenella, 57%; E. acervulina, 17%; E. brunetti, 13%; and E. maxima, 13%. E. tenella was the most common species in all studied farms, E. acervulina came in second place in four farms, E. brunetti in two, and E. maxima in one.
Application of Stepwise Binary Decision Classification for Reduction of False Positives in Tuberculosis Detection from Smeared Slides (2011)

This paper presents an approach using a stepwise binary decision classification to enable a significant reduction of non-AFB false positive (FP) objects while maintaining a similar true positive (TP) detection to improve performance.
NodV and NodW, a second flavonoid recognition system regulating nod gene expression in Bradyrhizobium japonicum (1997)

In Bradyrhizobium japonicum, members of two global regulatory families, a LysR-type regulator, NodD1, and a two-component regulatory system, NodVW, positively regulate nod gene expression in response to plant-produced isoflavone signals. By analogy to other two-component systems, NodV and NodW are thought to activate transcription via a series of phosphorylation steps. These include the phosphorylation of NodV in response to the plant signal and the subsequent activation of NodW via the transfer of the phosphoryl group to an aspartate residue in the receiver domain of NodW. In this study, we demonstrated that NodW can be phosphorylated in vitro by both acetyl phosphate and its cognate kinase, NodV. In addition, in vivo experiments indicate that phosphorylation is induced by genistein, a known isoflavone nod gene inducer in B. japonicum. By using site-directed mutagenesis, a NodWD70N mutant in which the aspartate residue at the proposed phosphorylation site was converted to an asparagine residue was generated. This mutant was not phosphorylated in either in vitro or in vivo assays. Comparisons of the biological activity of both the wild-type and mutant proteins indicate that phosphorylation of NodW is essential for the ability of NodW to activate nod gene expression.
Crystal Magnetic Anisotropy and Magnetization of MnSb (1968)

Single crystals of MnSb with various Mn compositions in ε phase were prepared successfully with Bridgeman method. Magnetization and torque measurements were made on these crystals in temperatures ranging from 4.2°K to 800°K. The temperature dependence of saturation magnetization on the sample with 48.2 at. % Mn was in good agreement with Brillouin function of J =3/2∼2, but the samples with Mn rich composition exhibited slight discrepancies from this function. The saturation magnetization per Mn atom at 0°K in Bohr magneton decreases with increasing Mn composition, and these values are well explained quantitatively as excess Mn atoms with 2.2µ B occupy the B site and these spins are arranged antiparallel to those of A site Mn with 3.5µ B . The temperature dependences of the first order crystal magnetic anisotropy of various Mn compositions exhibit analogous function with those of cobalt and nickel derived from Carr's theory.
The Communication Systems of the Body (1970)

David F. Horrobin, The Communication Systems of the Body, 1964, Basic Books, Inc., 214, $4.95.
Fabrication of Anatase Thin Film with Perfect <i>c</i>-Axis Orientation on Glass Substrate Promoted by a Two-Dimensional Perovskite Nanosheet Seed Layer (2010)

Nanointerface engineering using unique two-dimensional (2D) crystals of nanosheets overcomes the difficulty in controlling crystal growth processes on amorphous substrates. Fabrication of highly oriented anatase (001) films on widely used glass substrates has been achieved for the first time utilizing a monolayer film of Ca2Nb3O10 nanosheets. The nanosheet has a 2D-perovskite structure, and the cell parameter (0.386 nm) is very similar to the a-axis of anatase (0.379 nm). The orientation degree and crystallinity of the films are examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The χ-rocking curve for the anatase 004 peak reveals a full width at half-maximum of 1.2°, which is virtually the same as that on single-crystal substrate of SrTiO3 (001) (fwhm = 1.0°) deposited under the same conditions. The epitaxial relationship between the anatase layer and the underlying nanosheet is confirmed by cross-sectional high-resolution transmission electron microscopy observations. Synchrotron radiation in-plane XRD measurement is used to directly observe structural changes of the films. Slight but evident lattice shrinkage of the nanosheet occurs in synchrony with the relaxation of lattice distortion in the growing anatase layer. The flexible nature of the nanosheet associated with the 2D crystal structure may be responsible for this unique self-relaxing behavior of the nanosheet seed layer.
Tous les chemins mènent à Rome: une rencontre inattendue entre Hergé et Curvers (2008)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Production of alumina based porous ceramics using naphthalene as the pore former (2012)

The present work focuses on the production of alumina based porous ceramics and its characterization. Five different alumina samples having naphthalene wt% between (0 - 50)% were prepared by die pressing. Pellets were fired at different range of temperatures (1500 – 1600oC) and time (2 – 4 hrs). It was found that with increase in the weight percentage (wt%) of naphthalene, the porosity increases. The pore size distribution also changes to larger pore sizes. CCS, bi-axial flexural strength decreases with increase in the porosity level and increases with the increase in sintering temperature and time. The strength vs porosity plots showed that the strength decreases exponentially with temperature and ln (CCS) vs porosity plots showed a linear fit with a negative slope. The SEM microstructure could describe briefly the distribution of the porosity inside those pellets and the average size of pores.
Enhanced machine learning scheme for energy efficient resource allocation in 5G heterogeneous cloud radio access networks (2017)

Heterogeneous cloud radio access networks (H-CRAN) is a new trend of SC that aims to leverage the heterogeneous and cloud radio access networks advantages. Low power remote radio heads (RRHs) are exploited to provide high data rates for users with high quality of service requirements (QoS), while high power macro base stations (BSs) are deployed for coverage maintenance and low QoS users support. However, the inter-tier interference between the macro BS and RRHs and energy efficiency are critical challenges that accompany resource allocation in H-CRAN. Therefore, we propose a centralized resource allocation scheme using online learning, which guarantees interference mitigation and maximizes energy efficiency while maintaining QoS requirements for all users. To foster the performance of such scheme with a model-free learning, we consider users' priority in resource blocks (RBs) allocation and compact state representation based learning methodology to enhance the learning process. Simulation results confirm that the proposed resource allocation solution can mitigate interference, increase energy and spectral efficiencies significantly, and maintain users' QoS requirements.
Project for the Codification of African Music and the Compilation of Textbooks for Educational Purposes (1968)

The following memorandum has been sent to several Universities and other institutions in Africa and elsewhere, in the course of preparation for the establishment of the proposed codification and textbook scheme for African music under the auspices of the Ford Foundation.
Induction and Stabilization of IκBα by Nitric Oxide Mediates Inhibition of NF-κB (1995)

To determine the mechanism(s) by which the endogenous mediator nitric oxide (NO) inhibits the activation of transcription factor NF-kappa B, we stimulated human vascular endothelial cells with tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the presence of two NO donors, sodium nitroprusside and S-nitrosoglutathione. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that both NO donors inhibited NF-kappa B activation by tumor necrosis factor-alpha. This effect was not mediated by guanylyl cyclase activation since the cGMP analogue 8-bromo-cGMP had no similar effect. Inhibition of endogenous constitutive NO production by L-N-monomethylarginine, however, activated NF-kappa B, suggesting tonic inhibition of NF-kappa B under basal conditions. NO had little or no effects on other nuclear binding proteins such as AP-1 and GATA. Immunoprecipitation studies showed that NO stabilized the NF-kappa B inhibitor, I kappa B alpha, by preventing its degradation from NF-kappa B. NO also increased the mRNA expression of I kappa B alpha, but not NF-kappa B subunits, p65 or p50, and transfection experiments with a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene linked to the I kappa B alpha promoter suggested transcriptional induction of I kappa B alpha by NO. We propose that the induction and stabilization of I kappa B alpha by NO are important mechanisms by which NO inhibits NF-kappa B and attenuate atherogenesis.
Strong Binding of Hydrocarbons to Cucurbituril Probed by Fluorescent Dye Displacement: A Supramolecular Gas‐Sensing Ensemble (2011)

Hydrocarbons are no longer afraid of water when they are reversibly encapsulated by cucurbituril (see picture). The pumpkin-shaped molecular container displays a high affinity and selectivity towards neutral molecules in salt-free aqueous solutions. A supramolecular sensing ensemble, composed of cucurbit[6]uril and an anchored indicator dye, is introduced as a highly sensitive fluorescence-based online detection tool for gas binding in solution. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Cytotoxic granules from killer cells: specificity of granules and insertion of channels of defined size into target membranes. (1985)

The channel-forming polyperforins P1 and P2 are thought to be formed from the contents of dense core vesicles of cytolytic effector cells. To test this hypothesis, granules from various cytotoxic effector cells were assayed for cytolytic activity on nucleated or unnucleated targets. The results show that in general, granules from cytolytic effector cells are cytolytic, whereas granules from noncytotoxic cells are not. Cytotoxicity of granules is not specific, but there appears to be a preference in that nucleated targets are lysed better than are erythrocytes by granules from T killer or natural killer cells. Granules from CTLL-2, however, preferentially lyse erythrocyte targets. This cell line has been in culture for a long period of time and has lost its cytotoxicity. We tested whether granules from CTLL-2 caused formation of transmembrane pores in erythrocyte target membranes. We found that granule- and complement-induced lesions have similar pore sizes. They are big enough to allow the total release of alpha-bungarotoxin, an 8000 Mr polypeptide with dimensions of 4 X 2.5 nm. Larger molecules are released partially or not at all. Under acidic conditions (pH 5.4) granules do not permeabilize target membranes. This may suggest a pH-dependent control mechanism in the formation, insertion, or function of polyperforin channels, in addition to a previously recognized Ca2+-dependent mechanism. Permeabilization of lipid vesicles by granules was studied to explore what the molecular requirements for channel insertion into membranes may be. Release of alpha-bungarotoxin induced by granules was observed in liposomes made of soybean lipid with or without cholesterol, suggesting that no membrane component other than lipid is required for the insertion of polyperforins, and that the action of polyperforins does not require other mechanisms in the target cell. When pure lecithin from soybean and egg, or synthetic phosphatidylcholines were used, slower release or no release of macromolecules was observed. We suggest that some kind of lipid specificity is required for perforin action. This may be related to the hydrophobic region of the lipid bilayer rather than to the polar portion, because different lecithins with varying fatty acid composition gave similar results.
Follow-up study of twenty-four families with Li-Fraumeni syndrome. (1991)

The Li-Fraumeni cancer family syndrome is manifested by susceptibility to breast cancer, sarcomas, and other neoplasms in children and young adults. The present study utilized clinical follow-up data on 545 members of 24 Li-Fraumeni kindreds living and cancer-free at family ascertainment. Two hypotheses were tested based on a model of autosomal dominant genetic predisposition: (a) that syndrome cancers would continue to occur excessively during follow-up compared to the general population, and (b) that the tumors would occur primarily among those family members likely to carry the gene. Population cancer rates were compared with cancer rates in follow-up of the cohort from ascertainment to 1988. Risk of carrying the gene for the syndrome at the time of ascertainment was calculated for each family member under two models with somewhat different definitions of affection with the syndrome. Cancer occurrence after ascertainment was then analyzed according to the risks. Cancer did continue to occur excessively among the entire cohort during follow-up [relative risk (RR 2.1)]. The excess was greatest below age 20 (RR 21.1), declined with increasing age, and was most pronounced for neoplasms featured in the syndrome (RR 18.2). Among persons less than age 45, at least 87% of cancers occurred in those at higher risk of carrying the gene under both genetic models (RR 22.9 and 21.3). The clinical data, therefore, reliably identify individuals likely to carry a dominantly inherited gene conferring susceptibility to a specific constellation of neoplasms. Recent identification of a germ line mutation in the tumor suppressor gene p53 in persons with the syndrome may, if confirmed, have implications for ultimately defining the component tumors of the syndrome and for the causes and prevention of those tumors arising outside these families.
Expanded Electroluminescence in High Load CdS Nanocrystals PVK-Based LEDs (2019)

Immiscibility between dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and polar solvents used for poly(<i>N</i>-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) solutions, leads to failed light-emitting diodes when colloidal cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles capped with thiophenol are incorporated to their active layer. To prevent this, a heat treatment is applied to the CdS nanoparticles in order to evaporate DMSO solvent. After evaporation most of the nanoparticles increased their size, and some of them show hexagonal crystalline structure instead of the original cubic zinc-blende observed in colloidal pre-treated nanoparticles. Nevertheless, enhanced electronic properties are measured in light-emitting devices when DMSO-free nanoparticles are embedded in the poly(<i>N</i>-vinylcarbazole) active layer. Light emission from these hybrid devices comprises the whole visible range of wavelengths as searched for white LEDs. Moreover, electroluminescence from both types of CdS nanoparticles (smaller cubic and bigger hexagonal) has been discriminated and interpreted through Gaussian deconvolution.
Broensted basicity of atomic oxygen on the gold(110) surface: reactions with methanol, acetylene, water, and ethylene (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBroensted basicity of atomic oxygen on the gold(110) surface: reactions with methanol, acetylene, water, and ethyleneDuane A. Outka and Robert J. MadixCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 6, 1708–1714Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00240a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00240a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views933Altmetric-Citations160LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Cytoplasmic Shuttling and Subsequent Degradation of p27Kip1 Mediated by Jab1/CSN5 and the COP9 Signalosome Complex (2002)

The fifth component of the COP9 signalosome complex, Jab1/CSN5, directly binds to and induces specific down-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 (p27(Kip1)). Nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation plays an important role because leptomycin B (LMB), a chemical inhibitor of CRM1-dependent nuclear export, prevents p27 degradation mediated by Jab1/CSN5. Here we show that Jab1/CSN5 functions as an adaptor between p27 and CRM1 to induce nuclear export and subsequent degradation. Jab1/CSN5, but not p27, contains a typical leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) sequence conserved among different species, through which CRM1 bound to Jab1/CSN5 in an LMB-sensitive manner. Alteration of conserved leucine residues to alanine within Jab1/CSN5-NES abolished the interaction with CRM1 in vitro and impaired LMB-sensitive nuclear export and the ability to induce p27 breakdown in cultured cells. A Jab1/CSN5 truncation mutant lacking NES reversed p27 down-regulation induced by the full-length Jab1/CSN5, indicating that this mutant functions as a dominant negative (DN-Jab1). Introduction of DN-Jab1 into proliferating fibroblasts increased the level of p27 protein, thereby inducing growth arrest of the cells. Random mutagenesis analysis revealed that specific aspartic acid, leucine, and asparagine residues contained in the Jab1/CSN5-binding domain of p27 were required for interaction with Jab1/CSN5 and for down-regulation of p27. Glycerol gradient and cell fractionation experiments showed that at least two different forms of Jab1/CSN5-containing complexes existed within the cell. One is the conventional 450-kDa COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex located in the nucleus, and the other is much smaller (around 100-kDa), containing only a subset of CSN components (CSN4-8 but not CSN1-3), and mainly located in the cytoplasm. Treatment of cells with LMB greatly reduced the level of the smaller complex, suggesting that it originated from the CSN complex by nuclear export. Besides Jab1/CSN5, CSN3, -6, -7, and -8 were capable of inducing p27 down-regulation, when ectopically expressed. These results indicate that cytoplasmic shuttling regulated by Jab1/CSN5 and other CSN components may be a new pathway to control the intracellular abundance of the key cell cycle regulator.
Diastereoselective Manipulations of Bicyclo[<i>m</i>.1.0]alkane Derivatives. 4. Reactions of Nucleophiles with Bicyclo[<i>m</i>.1.0]alk-3-en-2-ones (1997)

Enantiomerically enriched bicyclo[m.1.0]alk-3-en-2-ones possessing 8-, 12-, and 15-membered rings were prepared and subjected to additions of nucleophiles. 1,2-Additions of n-butyllithium were highly diastereoselective for all cyclopropyl enones examined. Reactions of (Z)-bicyclo[6.1.0]non-3-en-2-one and (E)-bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadec-3-en-2-one with dimethyloxosulfonium methylide were highly diastereoselective, while reaction of (E)-bicyclo[10.1.0]tridec-3-en-2-one with this reagent was not diastereoselective. In contrast, 1,4-additions of lithium diorganocuprates were highly diastereoselective for the 8- and 12-membered enones but were not diastereoselective for the 15-membered enone. All reactions were chemically efficient. The diastereoselectivities observed for 1,2-additions, which are thought to involve early transition states, can be rationalized by consideration of the low-energy conformations of each cyclopropyl enone. The diastereoselectivities observed for 1,4-additions, which may involve late transition states, do not correlate simply with the lowest energy conformations of these enones.