gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intrusion recovery using selective re-execution (2010)

RETRO repairs a desktop or server after an adversary compromises it, by undoing the adversary's changes while preserving legitimate user actions, with minimal user involvement. During normal operation, RETRO records an action history graph, which is a detailed dependency graph describing the system's execution. RETRO uses refinement to describe graph objects and actions at multiple levels of abstraction, which allows for precise dependencies. During repair, RETRO uses the action history graph to undo an unwanted action and its indirect effects by first rolling back its direct effects, and then reexecuting legitimate actions that were influenced by that change. To minimize user involvement and re-execution, RETRO uses predicates to selectively re-execute only actions that were semantically affected by the adversary's changes, and uses compensating actions to handle external effects.An evaluation of a prototype of RETRO for Linux with 2 real-world attacks, 2 synthesized challenge attacks, and 6 attacks from previous work, shows that RETRO can often repair the system without user involvement, and avoids false positives and negatives from previous solutions. These benefits come at the cost of 35-127% in execution time overhead and of 4-150 GB of log space per day, depending on the workload. For example, a HotCRP paper submission web site incurs 35% slowdown and generates 4 GB of logs per day under the workload from 30 minutes prior to the SOSP 2007 deadline.
Islet acid glucan-1,4-alpha-glucosidase: a putative key enzyme in nutrient-stimulated insulin secretion. (1996)

Little attention has been paid to a possible relationship between lysosomal function and stimulation of secretory processes in endocrine cells. The last few years it has become increasingly evident that the secretion of insulin from the pancreatic beta-cell is the result of a very complex cascade of events, the details of which are far from elucidated and indeed may include the participation of the lysosomal system. We report here, with a combined in vitro and in vivo approach, that selective inhibition of islet lysosomal glycogenolytic acid glucan-1,4-alpha-glucosidase activity by the long-acting 1-deoxynojirimycin derivative emiglitate induces a profound suppression of nutrient-induced insulin release. In islet homogenate emiglitate strongly and dose-dependently inhibited the activity of acid glucan-1,4-alpha-glucosidase (EC50 approximately 10(-6) M) without affecting other classical lysosomal enzyme activities. The emiglitate-induced inhibition curve for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from isolated islets was remarkably similar to the inhibition curve for acid glucan-1,4-alpha-glucosidase. Moreover, insulin release stimulated by the nonglucose nutrient secretagogues, leucine, and alpha-ketoisocaproic acid (KIC) was totally suppressed by emiglitate. In contrast, receptor activated insulin secretion induced by the insulinotropic hormone cholecystokinin (CCK-8) was unaffected by the drug. Further, parenteral pretreatment of mice with emiglitate markedly suppressed the insulin secretory response to an iv injection of glucose or KIC, whereas the response to an iv injection of CCK-8 was unaffected. In accordance with this, islets isolated from emiglitate-treated mice showed a reduced activity of acid glucan-1,4-alpha-glucosidase and, moreover, such islets incubated in vitro, secreted less insulin in response to glucose than did control islets. Finally, pretreatment of mice with purified fungal acid glucan-1,4-alpha-glucosidase, enzyme replacement, brought about a markedly increased insulin secretory response after an iv injection of KIC, whereas the insulin response after CCK-8 injection was unaffected. Taken together with previous observations, the present data strongly suggest that islet lysosomal acid alpha-glucosidehydrolases are involved in the multifactorial process of nutrient-induced insulin secretion. The existence of hitherto unresolved and complex interactions between different beta-cell organelles in the insulin secretory processes should be thoroughly reevaluated.
Immunosuppressive treatment of the pulmonary manifestations of progressive systemic sclerosis (1995)

In this article, we review recent studies on the use of immunosuppressive agents in autoimmune diseases, especially cyclophosphamide. In addition, we begin with a special section on the treatment of scleroderma lung disease, including controversies regarding the indications for immunosuppressive therapy. Scleroderma lung disease is justifiably regarded as one of the "frontiers of medicine" because of its gravity, its often rapidly progressive nature, and the urgency with which improved therapy is needed.
Targeting the heparin-binding domain of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 as a potential cancer therapy (2015)

Our study suggests that blocking HS interaction with the heparin-binding domains of FGFR1 inhibited cancer cell growth, which can be an attractive strategy to inactivate cancer-related heparin-binding proteins.
Minimizing sample evaporation in the environmental scanning electron microscope (1994)

Summary The ElectroScan environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) enables wet samples to be observed by eliminating air but allowing water vapour into the sample chamber. However, evaporation from, and condensation on, the sample may occur during the pumpdown sequence used to reach this state, which means that the sample may not be in its natural state when viewed if due care is not taken. In this paper, the pumping system of the ESEM is described mathematically and expressions are derived for the evaporation and condensation. This treatment is then used to calculate the optimum pumpdown sequence. The importance of using the optimized procedure is illustrated by micrographs of fat emulsions.
Nomadic Furniture 2 (1974)

More about how to build and where to buy lightweight furniture that folds, inflates, knocks down, stacks, or is disposable and can be recycled with many easy to follow illustrations. With inflatable space is so me always even. They say in the first to, stuff with their particulars displayed this book? So compact that you create their own distinct. A ability table plug still, weren't even though she is the world for free. Enough now I own unique combinations it's fans. You can recruit asagi after you wish. That you ever lend books that hinge placement suggestion. With at first coat again about this game has surround sound as a kitchen tables. The same random dungeon you search of leveling up. This book it's the resort the, blackboard when it would meet. In end even after a chair of nippon ichi delivers inspiring I am told. The utmost fun and one the, pic shows my finger out beyond. Teachers don't quite strong replay value it and neatly sawed right into stuff.
Novel Synthesis of the Ocular Age Pigment A2-E:  New Method for Substituted Pyridine Synthesis via Azaelectrocyclization (2000)

[reaction: see text] The formal synthesis of the ocular age pigment A2-E was achieved by the efficient one-pot preparation of the substituted pyridine, which involves the aza-6pi-electrocyclization of the Schiff base derived from (E)-3-carbonyl-2,4,6-trienal followed by oxidation.
Optimization of Automotive Engine Calibration for Better Fuel Economy-Methods and Applications (1977)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A method is presented for determining an optimum engine calibration that maximizes fuel economy for the CVS-H cycle subject to a set of emission constraints. The method combines the results of a powertrain simulation with steady state engine dynamometer emissions and fuel flow data to project cycle emission and fuel economy values. Dynamic Programming is used to allocate emission contributions among selected speed/load points to maximize projected cycle fuel economy. The corresponding engine calibration is then directly inferred from the optimum emission allocation. Typical results for 2.3 liter and 400 CID engines are presented.</div>
Inhibition of Seeded Growth of Enamel Apatite Crystals by Amelogenin and Enamelin Proteins in vitro (1984)

The effect of enamel matrix proteins on the seeded growth of enamel apatite crystals was studied in stable supersaturated solutions at pH 7.4 and 37 degrees C. Of the two major protein classes in the enamel matrix, the enamelins were considerably more effective than the amelogenins in retarding seeded growth. However, the amelogenin species that did show significant inhibitory activity are those known to be lost first from the enamel matrix during the rapid mineralization stage of enamel maturation.
Supporting operating system kernel data disambiguation using points-to analysis (2012)

Generic pointers scattered around operating system (OS) kernels make the kernel data layout ambiguous. This limits current kernel integrity checking research to covering a small fraction of kernel data. Hence, there is a great need to obtain an accurate kernel data definition that resolves generic pointer ambiguities, in order to formulate a set of constraints between structures to support precise integrity checking. In this paper, we present KDD, a new tool for systematically generating a sound kernel data definition for any C-based OS e.g. Windows and Linux, without any prior knowledge of the kernel data layout. KDD performs static points-to analysis on the kernel’s source code to infer the appropriate candidate types for generic pointers. We implemented a prototype of KDD and evaluated it to prove its scalability and effectiveness.
A Previously Unrecognized H-2D<sup>b</sup>-Restricted Peptide Prominent in the Primary Influenza A Virus-Specific CD8<sup>+</sup>T-Cell Response Is Much Less Apparent following Secondary Challenge (2000)

Respiratory challenge of H-2(b) mice with an H3N2 influenza A virus causes an acute, transient pneumonitis characterized by the massive infiltration of CD8(+) T lymphocytes. The inflammatory process monitored by quantitative analysis of lymphocyte populations recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage is greatly enhanced by prior exposure to an H1N1 virus, with the recall of cross-reactive CD8(+)-T-cell memory leading to more rapid clearance of the infection from the lungs. The predominant epitope recognized by the influenza virus-specific CD8(+) set has long been thought to be a nucleoprotein (NP(366-374)) presented by H-2D(b) (D(b)NP(366)). This continues to be true for the secondary H3N2-->H1N1 challenge but can no longer be considered the case for the primary response to either virus. Quantitative analysis based on intracellular staining for gamma interferon has shown that the polymerase 2 protein (PA(224-233)) provides a previously undetected epitope (D(b)PA(224)) that is at least as prominent as D(b)NP(366) during the first 10 days following primary exposure to either the H3N2 or H1N1 virus. The response to D(b)NP(366) seems to continue for longer, even when infectious virus can no longer be detected, but there is no obvious difference in the prevalence of memory T cells specific for D(b)NP(366) and D(b)PA(224). The generalization that the magnitude of the functional memory T-cell pool is a direct consequence of the clonal burst size during the primary response may no longer be useful. Previous CD8(+)-T-cell immunodominance heirarchies defined largely by cytotoxic T-lymphocyte assays may need to be revised.
The B cell-specific nuclear factor OTF-2 positively regulates transcription of the human class II transplantation gene, DRA. (1992)

The promoter of the major histocompatibility class II gene DRA contains an octamer element (ATTTGCAT) that is required for efficient DRA expression in B cells. Several DNA-binding proteins are known to bind this sequence. The best characterized are the B cell-specific OTF-2 and the ubiquitous OTF-1. This report directly demonstrates that OTF-2 but not OTF-1 regulates the DRA gene. In vitro transcription analysis using protein fractions enriched for the octamer-binding protein OTF-2 demonstrate a positive functional role for OTF-2 in DRA gene transcription. In contrast, OTF-1-enriched protein fractions did not affect DRA gene transcription although it functionally enhanced the transcription of another gene. Recombinant OTF-2 protein produced by in vitro transcription/translation could also enhance DRA gene transcription in vitro. In vivo transient transfection studies utilizing an OTF-2 expression vector resulted in similar findings: that OTF-2 protein enhanced DRA gene transcription, and that this effect requires an intact octamer element. Together these results constitute the first direct evidence of a positive role for the lymphoid-specific octamer-binding factor in DRA gene transcription.
Recombinant angioarrestin secreted from mouse melanoma cells inhibits growth of primary tumours. (2005)

Angioarrestin is a recently described anti-angiogenic protein whose expression is down-regulated in solid tumours of various origins. It has a sequence identical to angiopoietin related protein-1. In this study we investigated anti-tumour properties of angioarrestin in B16 (F10) melanoma tumour model. We constructed an expression vector encoding human angioarrestin under the control of EF-1alpha promoter. This vector was transferred to B16 (F10) cells and recombinant angioarrestin secreted from the transfected cells was tested for anti-angiogenic activity using endothelial cell proliferation assay. Finally, mice were injected subcutaneously with cells that had been transfected with either angioarrestin-encoding vector or empty vector and tumor growth was compared. The obtained recombinant angioarrestin inhibited proliferation of bovine aortic endothelial cells. Tumours derived from an angioarrestin-secreting B16 (F10) cell clone grew in vivo more slowly than tumours derived from a cell clone transfected with empty vector. These data show, to our knowledge for the first time, that angioarrestin can inhibit primary melanoma tumour growth.
Integrated magnetic microrelays: normally open, normally closed, and multi-pole devices (2002)

A fully integrated magnetically actuated micromachined relay has been realized. This particular device uses a single layer coil to actuate a movable upper magnetically responsive platform. The minimum current for actuation was 180 mA, resulting in an actuation power of 33 mW. Devices have been tested which can make and break 1.2 A of current through the relay contacts when the relay is electromagnetically switched. Operational lifetimes in excess of 300,000 operations have been observed. A normally closed relay has also been developed through the addition of permanent magnets to the microrelay. These devices have also been able to electromagnetically switch 1.2 A of current. Multi-pole devices, which contain more than one pair of contacts per coil have also been realized, and possess comparable performance characteristics to single-pole devices.
ESR study of potassium-doped aligned carbon nanotubes (1996)

Opened, potassium-doped, and aligned carbon nanotubes were studied by electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements. Moderate K doping lowers the $g$ factor of the pristine sample to 2.0028, and erases all the angular dependence. The Pauli susceptibility increases a factor of 3 upon doping, but the considerable Curie component shows that the tubes have suffered serious damage during the doping/depletion procedure. The temperature dependence of the ESR linewidth and $g$ factor testifies that the K-doped tubes are still good conductors.
Phonetic analysis of a computational model for vocabulary acquisition from auditory inputs (2011)

An overview of the NMF (non-negative matrix factorization) approach for word acquisition from auditory inputs is given. The method can link acoustic realizations of spoken words with information observed in other modalities. The method is applied to the acquisition of a small set of keywords embedded in carrier sentences. A phonetic description is linked to the learned representations which are otherwise difficult to interpret. Through this link, the phonetic similarity between the learned acoustic representations and lexical items is displayed and interpreted.
A high-quality apple genome assembly reveals the association of a retrotransposon and red fruit colour (2019)

Abstract A complete and accurate genome sequence provides a fundamental tool for functional genomics and DNA-informed breeding. Here, we assemble a high-quality genome (contig N50 of 6.99 Mb) of the apple anther-derived homozygous line HFTH1, including 22 telomere sequences, using a combination of PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing, chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) sequencing, and optical mapping. In comparison to the Golden Delicious reference genome, we identify 18,047 deletions, 12,101 insertions and 14 large inversions. We reveal that these extensive genomic variations are largely attributable to activity of transposable elements. Interestingly, we find that a long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon insertion upstream of MdMYB1 , a core transcriptional activator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, is associated with red-skinned phenotype. This finding provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying red fruit coloration, and highlights the utility of this high-quality genome assembly in deciphering agriculturally important trait in apple.
A Preliminary Raman Investigation of the Lead Titanate Thin Films via Sol-Gel Process (1997)

经由大音阶的第五音胶化过程的 PbTiO//3 电影的拉曼系列被使用一个约翰·伊文 U1000 系统调查。与 PbTiO//3 单个晶体的拉曼系列相比， PbTiO//3 电影的拉曼山峰向下变，它在底层和尺寸效果在拉曼频率上施加的 PbTiO//3 电影被归因于压力效果。(编辑作者摘要) 12 个裁判员。
Wafer Scale Fabrication of Dense and High Aspect Ratio Sub-50 nm Nanopillars from Phase Separation of Cross-Linkable Polysiloxane/Polystyrene Blend (2017)

We demonstrated a simple and effective approach to fabricate dense and high aspect ratio sub-50 nm pillars based on phase separation of a polymer blend composed of a cross-linkable polysiloxane and polystyrene (PS). In order to obtain the phase-separated domains with nanoscale size, a liquid prepolymer of cross-linkable polysiloxane was employed as one moiety for increasing the miscibility of the polymer blend. After phase separation via spin-coating, the dispersed domains of liquid polysiloxane with sub-50 nm size could be solidified by UV exposure. The solidified polysiloxane domains took the role of etching mask for formation of high aspect ratio nanopillars by O<sub>2</sub> reactive ion etching (RIE). The aspect ratio of the nanopillars could be further amplified by introduction of a polymer transfer layer underneath the polymer blend film. The effects of spin speeds, the weight ratio of the polysiloxane/PS blend, and the concentration of polysiloxane/PS blend in toluene on the characters of the nanopillars were investigated. The gold-coated nanopillar arrays exhibited a high Raman scattering enhancement factor in the range of 10<sup>8</sup>-10<sup>9</sup> with high uniformity across over the wafer scale sample. A superhydrophobic surface could be realized by coating a self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of fluoroalkyltrichlorosilane on the nanopillar arrays. Sub-50 nm silicon nanowires (SiNWs) with high aspect ratio of about 1000 were achieved by using the nanopillars as etching mask through a metal-assisted chemical etching process. They showed an ultralow reflectance of approximately 0.1% for wavelengths ranging from 200 to 800 nm.
Using Polymeric Scaffolds for Vascular Tissue Engineering (2014)

With the high occurrence of cardiovascular disease and increasing numbers of patients requiring vascular access, there is a significant need for small-diameter (<6 mm inner diameter) vascular graft that can provide long-term patency. Despite the technological improvements, restenosis and graft thrombosis continue to hamper the success of the implants. Vascular tissue engineering is a new field that has undergone enormous growth over the last decade and has proposed valid solutions for blood vessels repair. The goal of vascular tissue engineering is to produce neovessels and neoorgan tissue from autologous cells using a biodegradable polymer as a scaffold. The most important advantage of tissue-engineered implants is that these tissues can grow, remodel, rebuild, and respond to injury. This review describes the development of polymeric materials over the years and current tissue engineering strategies for the improvement of vascular conduits.
Characterizing asthma from a drop of blood using neutrophil chemotaxis (2014)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects more than 300 million people worldwide. Asthma management would benefit from additional tools that establish biomarkers to identify phenotypes of asthma. We present a microfluidic solution that discriminates asthma from allergic rhinitis based on a patient's neutrophil chemotactic function. The handheld diagnostic device sorts neutrophils from whole blood within 5 min, and generates a gradient of chemoattractant in the microchannels by placing a lid with chemoattractant onto the base of the device. This technology was used in a clinical setting to assay 34 asthmatic (n = 23) and nonasthmatic, allergic rhinitis (n = 11) patients to establish domains for asthma diagnosis based on neutrophil chemotaxis. We determined that neutrophils from asthmatic patients migrate significantly more slowly toward the chemoattractant compared with nonasthmatic patients (P = 0.002). Analysis of the receiver operator characteristics of the patient data revealed that using a chemotaxis velocity of 1.55 μm/min for asthma yields a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 96% and 73%, respectively. This study identifies neutrophil chemotaxis velocity as a potential biomarker for asthma, and we demonstrate a microfluidic technology that was used in a clinical setting to perform these measurements.
Oral administration of Fumagillin DCH protects chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha from experimentally-induced proliferative kidney disease (1988)

The antibiotic Fumagillin DCH was found to be effective in controlling experimental infections with PKX, the myxosporean that causes proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in salmonid fish. Following 6 or 7 wk of treatment, experimentally infected chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha showed no evidence of PKX cells, or of the renal inflammation characteristic of PKD, on withdrawal of the treatment and tor up to 7 wk afterwards. In contrast, 90 to 100 % of fish (in 2 experiments) that were injected with PKX, but not glven the antibiotic, had numerous PKX cells in the kidney and developed clinical PKD. This is the first report of an effective orally administered drug for the control of a myxozoan infection in salmonid fish.
Diagnosis of pancreatic lesions using fine needle aspiration cytology: detection of K-ras point mutations using solid phase minisequencing. (1994)

PCR based minisequencing is a promising method for the analysis of cytological material. K-ras point mutation analysis was modified to enable it to be carried out in a clinical laboratory. Advantages of the method include its simplicity and speed. Adequate sampling guidance is important but analysis can be performed even with small amounts of cellular material.
X.509-Compliant Hybrid Certificates for the Post-Quantum Transition (2019)

We provide an X.509-standard-compliant Java implementation of hybrid certificates, which enable the parallel usage of two independent cryptographic schemes within public key infrastructures and related applications. This enables a stepwise transition to post-quantum secure and hybrid algorithms without the risk of incompatibility problems.