gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Closest pair queries in spatial databases (2000)

This paper addresses the problem of finding the K closest pairs between two spatial data sets, where each set is stored in a structure belonging in the R-tree family. Five different algorithms (four recursive and one iterative) are presented for solving this problem. The case of 1 closest pair is treated as a special case. An extensive study, based on experiments performed with synthetic as well as with real point data sets, is presented. A wide range of values for the basic parameters affecting the performance of the algorithms, especially the effect of overlap between the two data sets, is explored. Moreover, an algorithmic as well as an experimental comparison with existing incremental algorithms addressing the same problem is presented. In most settings, the new algorithms proposed clearly outperform the existing ones.
A Hypervisor Architecture for Low-Power Real-Time Embedded Systems (2018)

This paper presents a hypervisor architecture tailored to low-power real-time applications. This architecture extends the capability of a hypervisor by providing power management techniques and power monitoring services. An implementation based on an existing hypervisor XtratuM that runs over the ARM of a Zynq-7000 SoC device is proposed as a proof of concept. Measurement results show that the extended hypervisor can obtain information on the power consumption and reduce it.
Unlock big data emotions: Weighted word embeddings for sentiment classification (2016)

Sentiment classification has gained much attention in big data era. Most existing methods rely on bag-of-words model, which disregard contextual information. In many cases however, the sentiment strength of a word is implicitly associated with its part of speech and context. In this paper, we present a WWE (weighted word embeddings) method that combines word embeddings and part-of-speech (POS) tagging. First, we used a continuous word representations algorithm (Word2Vec) to train a vector model. The algorithm learns the optimal vectors from the context of surrounding words. According to the cosine similarity between the vector of a word and the vectors of seed words, a polarity score of this word can be calculated. The state-of-the-art SyntaxNet was used for POS tagging. We then computed an overall polarity score of the whole sentence by POS weighted polarity scores of words. At the end, majority voting was applied to determine the final polarity. Our experimental results show that the WWE method is performed with promising outcomes. Additionally, the methodology was demonstrated on the 3 Twitter datasets from different domains. The robustness recommends that this method can be applied on other sentiment classification problems or domains. We also compared the performance on various dimensions of the trained models. A higher dimension achieved a better performance.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of Organosilicon Compounds. Part 110. Reactions of (Cl3Si) 2CCl2 and Its Si‐Methylated Derivatives as Well as of (Cl3Si)2CHCl, ( Cl3Si)2C(Cl)Me and Me2CCl2 with Silicon (Cu cat.). (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Protein transduction from retroviral Gag precursors (2010)

Retroviral particles assemble a few thousand units of the Gag polyproteins. Proteolytic cleavage mediated by the retroviral protease forms the bioactive retroviral protein subunits before cell entry. We hypothesized that this process could be exploited for targeted, transient, and dose-controlled transduction of nonretroviral proteins into cultured cells. We demonstrate that gammaretroviral particles tolerate the incorporation of foreign protein at several positions of their Gag or Gag-Pol precursors. Receptor-mediated and thus potentially cell-specific uptake of engineered particles occurred within minutes after cell contact. Dose and kinetics of nonretroviral protein delivery were dependent upon the location within the polyprotein precursor. Proteins containing nuclear localization signals were incorporated into retroviral particles, and the proteins of interest were released from the precursor by the retroviral protease, recognizing engineered target sites. In contrast to integration-defective lentiviral vectors, protein transduction by retroviral polyprotein precursors was completely transient, as protein transducing retrovirus-like particles could be produced that did not transduce genes into target cells. Alternatively, bifunctional protein-delivering particle preparations were generated that maintained their ability to serve as vectors for retroviral transgenes. We show the potential of this approach for targeted genome engineering of induced pluripotent stem cells by delivering the site-specific DNA recombinase, Flp. Protein transduction of Flp after proteolytic release from the matrix position of Gag allowed excision of a lentivirally transduced cassette that concomitantly expresses the canonical reprogramming transcription factors (Oct4, Klf4, Sox2, c-Myc) and a fluorescent marker gene, thus generating induced pluripotent stem cells that are free of lentivirally transduced reprogramming genes.
A Pre-Clinical Test Platform for the Functional Evaluation of Scaffolds for Musculoskeletal Defects: The Meniscus (2011)

In an attempt to delay the progression of osteoarthritis from an index injury, early intervention via repair of injured musculoskeletal soft tissue has been advocated. Despite the development of a number of scaffolds intended to treat soft tissue defects, information about their functional performance is lacking. The goal of this study was to consolidate a suite of in vitro and in vivo models into a pre-clinical test platform to assess the functional performance of meniscal repair scaffolds. Our objective was to assess the ability of a scaffold (Actifit™; Orteq, UK) to carry load without detrimentally abrading against articular cartilage. Three test modules were used to assess the functional performance of meniscal repair scaffolds. The first module tested the ability of the scaffold to carry load in an in vitro model designed to measure the change in normal contact stress magnitude on the tibial plateau of cadaveric knees after scaffold implantation. The second module assessed the in vitro frictional coefficient of the scaffold against cartilage to assess the likelihood that the scaffold would destructively abrade against articular cartilage in vivo. The third module consisted of an assessment of functional performance in vivo by measuring the structure and composition of articular cartilage across the tibial plateau 12 months after scaffold implantation in an ovine model. In vitro, the scaffold improved contact mechanics relative to a partly meniscectomized knee suggesting that, in vivo, less damage would be seen in the scaffold implanted knees vs. partly meniscectomized knees. However, there was no significant difference in the condition of articular cartilage between the two groups. Moreover, in spite of the high coefficient of friction between the scaffold and articular cartilage, there was no significant damage in the articular cartilage underneath the scaffold. The discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivo models was likely influenced by the abundant tissue generated within the scaffold and the unexpected tissue that regenerated within the site of the partial meniscectomy. We are currently augmenting our suite of tests so that we can pre-clinically evaluate the functional performance at time zero and as a function of time after implantation.
Crystal Structure of Tetrameric Homoisocitrate Dehydrogenase from an Extreme Thermophile, <i>Thermus thermophilus</i> : Involvement of Hydrophobic Dimer-Dimer Interaction in Extremely High Thermotolerance (2005)

The crystal structure of homoisocitrate dehydrogenase involved in lysine biosynthesis from Thermus thermophilus (TtHICDH) was determined at 1.85-A resolution. Arg85, which was shown to be a determinant for substrate specificity in our previous study, is positioned close to the putative substrate binding site and interacts with Glu122. Glu122 is highly conserved in the equivalent position in the primary sequence of ICDH and archaeal 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IPMDH) but interacts with main- and side-chain atoms in the same domain in those paralogs. In addition, a conserved Tyr residue (Tyr125 in TtHICDH) which extends its side chain toward a substrate and thus has a catalytic function in the related beta-decarboxylating dehydrogenases, is flipped out of the substrate-binding site. These results suggest the possibility that the conformation of the region containing Glu122-Tyr125 is changed upon substrate binding in TtHICDH. The crystal structure of TtHICDH also reveals that the arm region is involved in tetramer formation via hydrophobic interactions and might be responsible for the high thermotolerance. Mutation of Val135, located in the dimer-dimer interface and involved in the hydrophobic interaction, to Met alters the enzyme to a dimer (probably due to steric perturbation) and markedly decreases the thermal inactivation temperature. Both the crystal structure and the mutation analysis indicate that tetramer formation is involved in the extremely high thermotolerance of TtHICDH.
MicroRNA Deregulations in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (2013)

Based on current literature, microRNA deregulation plays a major role in head and neck/oral cancer.
Insight into the Regulation of Glycan Synthesis in Drosophila Chaoptin Based on Mass Spectrometry (2009)

These results indicate that glycan processing depends largely on the backbone structure of the parent polypeptide. The information we obtained can be applied to other members of the LRR family of proteins.
<i>N</i>‐Methyl Scanning Mutagenesis Generates Protease‐Resistant G Protein Ligands with Improved Affinity and Selectivity (2008)

Scanning for bioavailability : N ‐methyl incorporation does not have to be at the scissile bond to dramatically enhance protease resistance. N ‐methyl scanning around the scissile bond has yielded compounds that are also more selective and bind with higher affinity.
Formal approach to guard time optimization for TDMA (2013)

Treating clock drift to avoid message collision and loss is a major challenge when the Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) protocol is used to schedule communication over a shared medium in networks. We consider clock drift in synchronized networks with tree topology and limited energy, where the root provides the reference clock. We provide a formal approach for analyzing the effect of the slot assignment on the maximal clock drift, given an upper bound on the drift rates of the clocks. We give exact topological characterizations of the slot assignments with largest and least existing clock drift and provide least upper bounds on the clock drift in both cases. We apply our results to derive an optimal, i.e. minimal, safe guard time which effectively avoids message collision or loss due to clock drift.
Cyclin D1 overexpression in thyroid papillary microcarcinoma: its association with tumour size and aberrant β‐catenin expression (2005)

Cyclin D1 overexpression and correlation with aberrant beta-catenin expression were demonstrated in PMC. Cyclin D1 expression was significantly associated with tumour size and LN metastases in PMC. Cyclin D1 may be up-regulated at an early stage of thyroid carcinogenesis and promote tumour growth and metastatic potency in PMC through activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway.
Approach to gasoline engine faults diagnosis based on crankshaft instantaneous angular acceleration (2012)

Gasoline engine is a complex power generating machines and used widely in automotive industry, which the failure rate is high. Carrying out the gasoline engine fault diagnostic methods have been studied and still a lasting topic for scientists. Crankshaft instantaneous angular acceleration, which evaluated by second derivative of the crankshaft rotation respect to time contains information for fault diagnosis. In this paper, phase modulation signal is derived from the phase of an analytical signal which evaluated by using the Hilbert Transform technique. To verify the signal analysis technique, the engine model created originally by John J. Moskwa needs to be extended to produce fluctuation of the crankshaft angular acceleration and to implement the extended model into the dSPACE equipment to control and diagnose the engine.
OXIDATIVELY-INDUCED FORMATION OF DIALKYL HYDROGENPHOSPHONATES FROM PHOSPHOROTHIONATES (1990)

Abstract Peracid oxidation of triester and related phosphorothionates and diester phosphorothioic acids with excess magnesium monoperoxyphthalate in water gives, among other products, dialkyl hydrogenphos-phonates in yields of up to 70%. Hydrogenphosphonate formation is facilitated by the presence of a good leaving group in the starting material. Key Words: Key words: peracid oxidationpesticidephosphitehydrogenphosphonatephosphorothionate
A protocol for high throughput methods for the expression and purification of inner membrane proteins (2008)

The production of diffraction quality crystals for the structural determination of inner membrane proteins relies on obtaining large amounts of stable protein. Achieving this, by finding the correct parameters to successfully express and purify these proteins is often time-consuming and frustrating. The methods described here examine the most important parameters, in both expression and purification, quickly and simply. They take into account methods previously used in successful structural determinations of inner membrane proteins and collect and analyse data for use in further experiments and to investigate overall trends. These methods make use of histidine-tagged membrane proteins with a green fluorescent protein fusion but could be adapted easily for other proteins.
Erythropoietin (2001)

Maintenance of the red cell volume is a fundamental aspect of ensuring oxygen supply to the tissues. The balance between the very dynamic processes of erythropoiesis and erythrocyte loss is precarious and yet normal individuals experience a remarkably constant haematocrit. This is achieved by a very elegant and sensitive homeostatic mechanism which links tissue oxygen delivery to red cell production. The glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin (EPO) is the principle controller of this process. It is now clear that even minor underproduction of EPO will result in anaemia. The most widespread example of this is the anaemia of end-stage renal failure. The pharmacological use of recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO) in this setting is now well established and has had a dramatic impact on the quality of life of patients with renal disease. With the more widespread use of EPO in other clinical conditions and the advent of novel therapeutic approaches, this is an opportune moment to review the physiology and patho-physiology of this fascinating and essential hormone.
Geppetto (2019)

Expressive robots are useful in many contexts, from industrial to entertainment applications. However, designing expressive robot behaviors requires editing a large number of unintuitive control parameters. We present an interactive, data-driven system that allows editing of these complex parameters in a semantic space. Our system combines a physics-based simulation that captures the robot's motion capabilities, and a crowd-powered framework that extracts relationships between the robot's motion parameters and the desired semantic behavior. These relationships enable mixed-initiative exploration of possible robot motions. We specifically demonstrate our system in the context of designing emotionally expressive behaviors. A user-study finds the system to be useful for more quickly developing desirable robot behaviors, compared to manual parameter editing.
Aging in the plant and animal kingdoms – the role of cell death (1994)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Human bronchus-mediated mutagenesis of mammalian cells by carcinogenic polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. (1978)

Cultured human bronchial explants activated benzo[alpha]pyrene (BzaP) into electrophilic metabolites that bind to DNA in bronchial epithelial cells. Promutagenic and mutagenic metabolites of BzaP were also released into the culture medium. An increase in mutation frequency for ouabain resistance was found in Chinese hamster V-79 cells when they were cocultivated with bronchial explants in the presence of BzaP. The proximate carcinogenic form of BzaP, the 7,8-diol [(+/-)-r7,t8-dihyroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene], was 5-fold more potent as a promutagen than the parent compound. Neither BzaP nor the 7,8-diol increased the mutation frequency in V-79 cells when they were cultured without bronchial explants. The mutation frequency was directly related to the binding levels of BzaP to bronchial DNA and the concentratin of either BzaP or the 7,8-diol in the medium.
Introduction to Security (1975)

Introduction to Security has been the leading text on private security for over thirty years. Celebrated for its balanced and professional approach, this new edition gives future security professionals a broad, solid base that prepares them to serve in a variety of positions. Security is a diverse and rapidly growing field that is immune to outsourcing. The author team as well as an outstanding group of subject-matter experts combine their knowledge and experience with a full package of materials geared to experiential learning. As a recommended title for security certifications, and an information source for the military, this is an essential reference for all security professionals. This timely revision expands on key topics and adds new material on important issues in the 21st century environment such as the importance of communication skills; the value of education; internet-related security risks; changing business paradigms; and brand protection. * New sections on terrorism and emerging security threats like cybercrime and piracy * Top industry professionals from aerospace and computer firms join instructors from large academic programs as co-authors and contributors * Expanded ancillaries for both instructors and students, including interactive web-based video and case studies
Pathological Motion Detection for Robust Missing Data Treatment in Degraded Archived Media (2006)

This paper outlines an algorithm to improve the robustness of missing data treatment to pathological motion (PM). PM can cause misdiagnosis of clean image data as missing data. The proposed algorithm uses a probabilistic framework to jointly detect PM and missing data by exploiting more temporal information than is typically used for missing data detection and by exploiting the local smoothness assumption of motion fields. The results of the framework are compared to an equivalent missing data detector without PM detection and the framework is shown to prevent the misdiagnosis of missing data due to PM.
The filamentous fungal pellet and forces driving its formation (2015)

Filamentous fungi play an important role not only in the bio-manufacturing of value-added products, but also in bioenergy and environmental research. The bioprocess manipulation of filamentous fungi is more difficult than that of other microbial species because of their different pellet morphologies and the presence of tangled mycelia under different cultivation conditions. Fungal pellets, which have the advantages of harvest ease, low fermentation broth viscosity and high yield of some proteins, have been used for a long time. Many attempts have been made to establish the relationship between pellet and product yield using quantitative approaches. Fungal pellet formation is attributed to the combination of electrostatic interactions, hydrophobicity and specific interactions from spore wall components. Electrostatic interactions result from van der Waals forces and negative charge repulsion from carboxyl groups in the spore wall structure. Electrostatic interactions are also affected by counter-ions (cations) and the physiologic conditions of spores that modify the carboxyl groups. Fungal aggregates are promoted by the hydrophobicity generated by hydrophobins, which form a hydrophobic coat that covers the spore. The specific interactions of spore wall components contribute to spore aggregation through salt bridging. A model of spore aggregation was proposed based on these forces. Additionally, some challenges were addressed, including the limitations of research techniques, the quantitative determination of forces and the complex information of biological systems, to clarify the mechanism of fungal pellet formation.
Associative Texture Is Lost In Translation (2013)

We present a suggestive finding regarding the loss of associative texture in the process of machine translation, using comparisons between (a) original and backtranslated texts, (b) reference and system translations, and (c) better and worse MT systems. We represent the amount of association in a text using word association profile – a distribution of pointwise mutual information between all pairs of content word types in a text. We use the average of the distribution, which we term lexical tightness, as a single measure of the amount of association in a text. We show that the lexical tightness of humancomposed texts is higher than that of the machine translated materials; human references are tighter than machine translations, and better MT systems produce lexically tighter translations. While the phenomenon of the loss of associative texture has been theoretically predicted by translation scholars, we present a measure capable of quantifying the extent of this phenomenon. 1
The Kir channel immunoglobulin domain is essential for Kir1.1 (ROMK) thermodynamic stability, trafficking and gating (2009)

The renal inward rectifying potassium channel Kir1.1 plays key roles in regulating electrolyte homeostasis and blood pressure. Loss-of-function mutations in the channel cause a life-threatening salt and water balance disorder in infants called antenatal Bartter syndrome (ABS). Of more than 30 ABS mutations identified, approximately half are located in the intracellular domain of the channel. The mechanisms underlying channel dysfunction for most of these mutations are unknown. By mapping intracellular mutations onto an atomic model of Kir1.1, we found that several of these are localized to a phylogenetically ancient immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain (IgLD) that has not been characterized previously, prompting us to examine this structure in detail. The IgLD is assembled from two beta-pleated sheets packed face-to-face, creating a beta-sheet interface or core, populated by highly conserved side chains. Thermodynamic calculations on computationally mutated channels suggest that IgLD core residues are among the most important residues for determining cytoplasmic domain stability. Consistent with this notion, we show that two ABS mutations (A198T and Y314C) located within the IgLD core impair channel biosynthesis and trafficking in mammalian cells. A fraction of core mutant channels reach the cell surface, but are electrically silent due to closure of the helix-bundle gate. Compensatory mutation-induced rescue of channel function revealed that IgLD core mutants fail to rectify. Our study sheds new light on the pathogenesis of ABS and establishes the IgLD as an essential structure within the Kir channel family.