gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proteomics techniques and their application to hematology (2004)

The recent sequencing of a number of genomes has raised the level of opportunities for studies on proteins. This area of research has been described with the all-embracing term, proteomics. In proteomics, the use of mass spectrometric techniques enables genomic databases to be used to establish the identity of proteins with relatively little data, compared to the era before genome sequencing. The use of related analytical techniques also offers the opportunity to gain information on regulation, via posttranslational modification, and potential new diagnostic and prognostic indicators. Relative quantification of proteins and peptides in cellular and extracellular material remains a challenge for proteomics and mass spectrometry. This review presents an analysis of the present and future impact of these proteomic technologies with emphasis on relative quantification for hematologic research giving an appraisal of their potential benefits.
Electrophoretic Deposition of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Covalently Modified with Bulky Porphyrins on Nanostructured SnO<sub>2</sub> Electrodes for Photoelectrochemical Devices (2007)

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) covalently modified with large porphyrin molecules have been prepared to construct photoelectrochemical devices with nanostructured SnO2 electrodes on which the multiporphyrin-linked SWNTs are deposited electrophoretically. The film of the porphyrin-linked SWNTs on the nanostructured SnO2 electrode exhibited an incident photon-to-photocurrent efficiency as high as 4.9% under an applied potential of 0.08 V vs SCE. The more uniform film and moderate photocurrent generation in the porphyrin-linked SWNT devices can be rationalized by the exfoliation abilities of the bulky porphyrins that yield large steric hindrance around the SWNTs. Direct electron injection from the excited states of the SWNTs to the conduction band of the SnO2 electrode is responsible for the photocurrent generation. Despite the efficient quenching of the porphyrin-excited singlet state by the SWNTs in the porphyrin-linked SWNTs, the photocurrent action spectra revealed that the excitation of the porphyrin moieties makes no contribution to the photocurrent generation. The evolution of an exciplex between the porphyrin-excited singlet state and the SWNTs and the subsequent rapid decay to the ground state without generating the charge-separated state is proposed to explain the unusual photoelectrochemical behavior. The results obtained here will provide valuable information on the design of SWNT-based photoelectrochemical devices.
A weighted average algorithm for edge-preserving smoothing on MRI images (2006)

Medical images such as MRI images normally have smooth edges and round corners, but the existing general edge-preserving smoothing algorithms often result in coarse edges and sharp corners. A new image smoothing algorithm, based on a filter utilizing the weighted average of 21 average pixel values in 21 neighborhood subregions in a 3x3 square around the center pixel, is proposed to deal with the problem. Subregions with the center point being smoothed on its sharp corner are avoided from selection to make the edges being preserved smooth and round. During the smoothing process, each subregion is assigned a weight according to its homogeneousness which is evaluated by the variance of its pixel values. The weighted average of averages for all subregions is assigned to the center pixel being smoothed. The more homogeneous neighborhood has more influence on the center pixel, so that the edges can be well preserved. But contributions from all neighborhoods are also taken into consideration especially when their homogeneousness is largely equal so that the resultant areas are smoother. An evaluation of the algorithm on the simulated MRI images is carried out. Experimental results showed that the new algorithm can smooth the MRI images better while keeping the edges better compared with the existing smoothing algorithms.
Determination of Total Dietary Fiber in Foods, Food Products, and Total Diets: Interlaboratory Study (1984)

Abstract An interlaboratory study was conducted to determine the total dietary fiber (TDF) content of food, food products, and total diets, using a combination of enzymatic and gravimetric procedures. Thirteen unknown products including 2 mixed diets (one lacto-ovo vegetarian and the other nonvegetarian) were analyzed by 32 analysts. Duplicate samples of dried foods were gelatinized with Termamyl, a heat-stable alphaam) lase, and then enzymatically digested with protease and amyloglucosidase to remove the protein and starch present in the sample. Four volumes of 95% ethanol were added to precipitate the soluble dietary fiber. The total residue was filtered, and then washed with 74% ethanol, 95% ethanol, and acetone. After drying, the residue was weighed. One of the duplicates was analyzed for protein, and the other was ashed at 525°C and the ash was measured. TDF was calculated as the weight of the residue less the weight of protein and ash. Coefficients of variation for 10 of the samples ranged from 2.95 to 26.39%. For 3 of the samples high coefficients of variation were obtained. The results compared satisfactorily with those obtained previously by the best method available for the individual foods studied.
Effects of chaperones on mRNA stability and gene expression in Escherichia coli. (2008)

Effects of chaperones on mRNA stability and gene expression were studied in order to develop an efficient Escherichia coli expression system that can maximize gene expression. The stability of mRNA was modulated by introducing various secondary structures at the 5'-end of mRNA. Four vector systems providing different 5'-end structures were constructed, and genes encoding GFPuv and endoxylanase were cloned into the four vector systems. Primer extension assay revealed different mRNA half-lives depending on the 5'-end secondary structures of mRNA. In addition to the stem-loop structure at the 5'-end of mRNA, coexpression of dnaK-dnaJ-grpE or groEL-groES, representative heat-shock genes in E. coli, increased the mRNA stability and the level of gene expression further, even though the degree of stabilization was varied. Our work suggests that some of the heat-shock proteins can function as mRNA stabilizers as well as protein chaperones.
Discovery of Potent Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 Inhibitors from the Modification of Indeno[1,2-<i>c</i>]isoquinolinone (2005)

Novel indeno[1,2-c]isoquinolinone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). These potent nonmutagenic PARP-1 inhibitors possess an additional five-membered ring between the B and C rings of 6(5H)-phenanthridinone. The most potent PARP-1 inhibitors were obtained from the substitution of the D ring at the C-9 position, in particular sulfonamide and N-acyl analogues (6 and 11). The 9-sulfonamide analogues 11a and 12a exhibited IC(50) values of 1 and 10 nM, respectively.
Light and oxygen-enabled sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate-mediated selective oxidation of C–H bonds (2020)

A light and oxygen-enabled sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate-mediated selective oxidation of C–H bonds has been developed. High-value-added aromatic ketones and carboxylic acids were easily prepared in high-to-excellent yields using readily available starting materials.
Temperature and salt dependence of the gel migration anomaly of curved DNA fragments (1987)

A series of oligonucleotides of different sequences have been cloned to study DNA curvature. Several DNA fragments containing these oligonucleotides in various numbers of repeats were analyzed in 10% polyacrylamide gels. A strong gel migration anomaly was found for dA4 sequences; a comparably very small but clearly detectable anomaly was observed for dA3 (both in a repeat length of 10 base-pairs). The temperature and salt (NaCl, MgCl2) dependence of the gel migration anomaly of these DNA fragments was measured. While a similar behaviour of all sequences is observed for the addition of NaCl, the temperature and MgCl2 dependence of the anomaly varies with the oligonucleotide sequence. These data are interpreted in terms of local DNA structure changes induced by changes in the temperature and the MgCl2 concentration which affect the planarity of the curved DNA fragments.
A Review on Osmotic Drug Delivery System (2012)

Conventio nal oral drug delivery systems supply an instantaneous release of drug, which cannot control the release of the drug and effe ctive concentration at the target site. This kind of dosing pattern may result in constantly changing, unpredictable plasma concent rations. Drugs can be delivered in a controlled pattern over a long period of time by the process of osmosis. Osmotic devices are the most promising strategy based systems f or controlled drug delivery. They are the most reliable controlled drug delivery sy stems and could be employed as oral drug delivery systems. Various patents available for osmotic drug delivery system like Rose - Nel son pump, Higuchi leeper pump, Higuchi Theeuwes pump, Elementary Osmotic pump etc. ODDS are useful for poorly soluble drug, f or pulsatile drug release, zero order release. Various techniques available for preparation of ODDS include push pull osmotic Pump, osmotic Brusting osmotic pump, liquid oral osmotic system, sandwiched osmotic tablets , delayed delivery osmotic device, mon olithic osmotic System and controlled porosity osmotic Pump. Osmotically controlled oral drug delivery systems utilize osmotic pressure for controlled delivery of active ag ents. These systems can be utilized for systemic as well as targeted delivery of dru gs. The release of drugs from osmotic systems is governed by various formulation factors such as solubility and osmotic pressure of the core components, size of the delivery orifice, and nature of the rate - controlling membrane. In this Paper mainly focused on the Osmotic System with example, the basic component of osmotic system and evaluation parameter of the osmotic drug delive ry system.
Stable carbon isotope analysis of amino acid enantiomers by conventional isotope ratio mass spectrometry and combined gas chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStable carbon isotope analysis of amino acid enantiomers by conventional isotope ratio mass spectrometry and combined gas chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometryJ. A. Silfer, M. H. Engel, S. A. Macko, and E. J. JumeauCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 4, 370–374Publication Date (Print):February 15, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 February 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00004a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00004a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1637Altmetric-Citations245LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Soft-output Viterbi decoding: VLSI implementation issues (2002)

The soft-output Viterbi algorithm (SOVA) is a decoding algorithm which uses soft quantized inputs and delivers soft decision outputs. Implementation parameter effects in SOVA decoding that are related to considerable variations in area consumption of VLSI implementations are considered, i.e., the quantization of the reliability values inside the survivor memory unit, the depth of reliability updating, and the effect of a simplified update rule on the reliability values. Results of extensive simulations are presented. Area estimates obtained by logic synthesis from VHSIC hardware description language (VHDL) descriptions are given to show how these parameters translate into the area consumption of VLSI implementations.
Journal of Hematology & Oncology reviewer acknowledgement 2013 (2014)

The editors of Journal of Hematology & Oncology would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 6 (2013).
VolumeShop: An Interactive System for Direct Volume Illustration (2006)

Illustrations play a major role in the education process. Whether used to teach a surgical or radiologic procedure, to illustrate normal or aberrant anatomy, or to explain the functioning of a technical device, illustration significantly impacts learning. Although many specimens are readily available as volumetric data sets, particularly in medicine, illustrations are commonly produced manually as static images in a time-consuming process. Our goal is to create a fully dynamic three-dimensional illustration environment which directly operates on volume data. Single images have the aesthetic appeal of traditional illustrations, but can be interactively altered and explored. In this paper we present methods to realize such a system which combines artistic visual styles and expressive visualization techniques. We introduce a novel concept for direct multi-object volume visualization which allows control of the appearance of inter-penetrating objects via two-dimensional transfer functions. Furthermore, a unifying approach to efficiently integrate many non-photorealistic rendering models is presented. We discuss several illustrative concepts which can be realized by combining cutaways, ghosting, and selective deformation. Finally, we also propose a simple interface to specify objects of interest through three-dimensional volumetric painting. All presented methods are integrated into VolumeShop, an interactive hardware-accelerated application for direct volume illustration.
Collagenase in experimental carbon tetrachloride cirrhosis of the liver. (1978)

The presence and distribution of collagenase in experimental CCl4 cirrhosis of the liver in rats has been studied by immunohistochemical techniques. A monospecific anti-rat uterus collagenase antibody was raised in rabbits and used for indirect immunofluorescence staining of liver sections obtained from rats in both the reversible and irreversible stages of CCl4-induced cirrhosis. Collagenase is present assoicated with connective tissue septums as long as cirrhosis is reversible, and it is not detectable in the irreversible stage. In animals sacrificed during the transition between the reversible and irreversible stages of cirrhosis, collagenase appeared bound to the outer surfaces of connective tissue septums and was absent from the deeper portions. These observation suggest that the irreversibility of experimental CCl4 cirrhosis of the liver is associated with a disturbance in the mechanisms of collagen degradation, which may be a deficiency in collagenase activity, a change in the susceptibility of the substrate, or a combination of both factors.
Effects of Monensin-Feeding Regimens on Flock Immunity to Coccidiosis (1977)

Feed medication with monensin caused delays in development of immunity in two floor-pen experiments which simulated commercial broiler production. Development of immunity was retarded with the higher level of monensin (120 p.p.m.) but was progressively less delayed as the monensin level was decreased (100, 60 or 0 p.p.m.). Delay was greatest with Eimeria tenella, but also occured with intestinal species including E. acervulina, E. brunetti, E. maxima, E. mivati, and E. necatrix. Drug withdrawal permitted earlier development of immunity. Plans involving use of monensin on layer replacements which later will be maintained on the floor without medication should consider: 1) prevalence of infective oocyst exposure in the area, 2) the lowest possible level of drug required for protection, and 3) its use for the shortest possible period of time.
Analysis and Implementation of Novel Energy Management System for Electric Vehicles (2019)

Efficiency of powertrains and usable energy of energy storage systems are critical to the recharge mileage of electric vehicles. The lithium ion battery is not an ideal voltage source, because the impedance of the battery has higher energy consumption while outputting high current to electric motors, which will decrease recharge mileages and lifespan of the battery. The connecting-switching strategy of the battery module, i.e. the energy storage transmission model, could be a potential resolution for decreasing the C-rate and impedance. The operation concept is working like a transmission gearbox to match the impedance. Interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) have been employed via the approach of maximum torque per ampere for improving the efficiency. The result of hardware-in-the-loop simulation on the proposed approach shows that the averaged C-rate and energy consumption can be improved.
Effect of temperature on myocardial infarction in swine (1996)

Body core temperature in the normothermic range alters infarct size in rabbits. Moreover, temperature may modulate the protection by adenosine during a coronary artery occlusion. We investigated the effect of core temperature within the normothermic range (35-39 degrees C) on myocardial infarct size produced by a 45-min coronary occlusion in open-chest swine (n = 10), and we determined whether adenosine blockade with 8-phenyltheophylline and adenosine deaminase increased infarct size in the normothermic range (n = 9). After 4 h of reperfusion the area at risk and infarct size were determined with Evans blue dye and triphenyltetrazolium chloride. Infarct size strongly correlated with temperature (r2 = 0.71, P = 0.0001) so that at 35 degrees C no infarction occurred and with each 1 degree C increase in temperature 20% of the area at risk became infarcted. In contrast, neither the low levels of collateral flow (0.03 +/- 0.01 ml.min-1.g-1) nor the rate-pressure product correlated with infarct size. In the normothermic range, adenosine blockade had no effect on infarct size. The data demonstrate that temperature can exert a profound effect on infarct size but fail to demonstrate a protective effect on endogenous adenosine at normothermic temperatures. Our findings emphasize the need for stringent control of core temperature during investigation of interventions aimed at reducing infarct size.
Recent insights into the structure and function of comparative gene identification-58 (2011)

Despite important progress concerning the different biochemical functions of CGI-58, the physiological importance of these activities requires better characterization. Furthermore, three-dimensional structural data for CGI-58 are required to unveil the molecular mechanism of how CGI-58 acts as activator of lipases and exerts its enzymatic functions.
Analysis of second UE DRX cycle for enhanced CELL FACH 3GPP UTRAN (2012)

The HSPA mobile wireless technology is now widely used and is expected to gradually converge with next-generation broadband technologies. As such, 3GPP focuses on HSPA advances beyond Release 10 including “Further Enhancements to CELL_FACH”. In CELL_FACH state, the UE can transmit smaller amounts of data, while taking advantage of significantly less power consumption. Recently, the usage of CELL_FACH has increased enormously with the proliferation of smart phones and machine-to-machine applications. One of the possible improvements for CELL_FACH state is the so-called 2nd DRX cycle, which may enable higher UE battery savings. In this paper, we thoroughly analyze the concept of the 2nd DRX cycle for Enhanced CELL_FACH 3GPP UTRAN and conclude on its efficiency <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> .
The handbook of managed futures : performance, evaluation & analysis (1997)

In the quest for higher returns, institutional investors are investing billions of dollars into managed futures and hedge funds, which offer more flexibility and diversification than conventional funds. This completely updated and expanded edition of the classic Managed Futures and Hedge Funds includes the latest information on hedge funds, as well as new chapters on performance benchmarks and selection criteria. Readers will find everything needed to understand and benefit from these alternative investments, including how-to: develop an institutional portfolio of managed futures and hedge funds; maximize diversification and arbitrage potential; and successfully perform risk/return analyses.
Designer spin traps with a cyclic nitrone structure (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesigner spin traps with a cyclic nitrone structureA. Dehnel, D. Griller, and J. M. Kanabus-KaminskaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 7, 1566–1567Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00242a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00242a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views174Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Speech enhancement based on masking properties of the auditory system (2002)

This paper addresses the problem of the intelligibility enhancement of speech corrupted by additive background noise in a single channel system. The proposed algorithm uses a criterion based on the human perception. It is a variation of the well-known spectral subtraction method which is attractive because of its simplicity, but introduces an unnatural and unpleasant residual noise. The proposed approach incorporates in this method considerations about noise masking of the auditory system. It succeeds in finding the best trade-off between noise reduction and speech distortion in a perceptual sense. Simulations show perceptually very satisfactory results and objective measures indicate a quality improvement. The speech processed with this new algorithm sounds more pleasant to a human listener than those obtained by the classical methods. This shows the relevance to incorporate perceptual aspects in the enhancement process.