gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unusual macrocyclic lactone sex pheromone of <i>Parcoblatta lata</i> , a primary food source of the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker (2011)

Wood cockroaches in the genus Parcoblatta, comprising 12 species endemic to North America, are highly abundant in southeastern pine forests and represent an important prey of the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker, Picoides borealis. The broad wood cockroach, Parcoblatta lata, is among the largest and most abundant of the wood cockroaches, constituting >50% of the biomass of the woodpecker's diet. Because reproduction in red-cockaded woodpeckers is affected dramatically by seasonal and spatial changes in arthropod availability, monitoring P. lata populations could serve as a useful index of habitat suitability for woodpecker conservation and forest management efforts. Female P. lata emit a volatile, long-distance sex pheromone, which, once identified and synthesized, could be deployed for monitoring cockroach populations. We describe here the identification, synthesis, and confirmation of the chemical structure of this pheromone as (4Z,11Z)-oxacyclotrideca-4,11-dien-2-one [= (3Z,10Z)-dodecadienolide; herein referred to as "parcoblattalactone"]. This macrocyclic lactone is a previously unidentified natural product and a previously unknown pheromonal structure for cockroaches, highlighting the great chemical diversity that characterizes olfactory communication in cockroaches: Each long-range sex pheromone identified to date from different genera belongs to a different chemical class. Parcoblattalactone was biologically active in electrophysiological assays and attracted not only P. lata but also several other Parcoblatta species in pine forests, underscoring its utility in monitoring several endemic wood cockroach species in red-cockaded woodpecker habitats.
Reliability and Reproducibility of a RNA Preamplification Method for Low-density Array Analysis From Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Breast Cancer Samples (2009)

Molecular signatures of tumors with prognostic and predictive value are now available. However, several technical problems prevent the performing of gene expression profiles in routine diagnostics. The highly sensitive fluorescence-based real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction procedure is able to analyze mRNA levels from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, the most commonly available source of tumor samples with well-documented information. However, the time-dependent fragmentation and small amount of RNA extracted from FFPE requires a preliminary mRNA amplification step to amplify small amounts of mRNA without significantly distorting relative mRNA levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of a commercial cDNA preamplification kit (TaqMan PreAmp Master Mix Kit) on RNA samples obtained from FFPE tissues, prepared, and archived for routine diagnosis. We tested the reliability and reproducibility of this procedure for performing low-density gene expression assay from FFPE tissue samples. The whole procedure reported herein is a powerful and reproducible approach for routine clinical purposes that can be performed even using poorer RNA quality samples and that allows the analysis of gene expression for 96 genes in stored samples.
Histoire d'une plate-forme carbonatée de la marge sud-téthysienne : l'autochtone des Traras (Algérie occidentale) du Trias supérieur jusqu'au Bathonien moyen (1999)

Ameur Mohamed. Histoire d'une plate-forme carbonatée de la marge sud-téthysienne : l'autochtone des Traras (Algérie occidentale) du Trias supérieur jusqu'au Bathonien moyen. In: Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie, Lyon, n°150, 1999. Histoire d’une plate-forme carbonatée de la marge sud-téthysienne : l’autochtone des Traras (Algérie occidentale) du Trias supérieur jusqu’au Bathonien moyen. pp. 3-399.
Enabling post combustion capture optimization–The pilot plant project at Niederaussem (2009)

In 2007 RWE Power, BASF and Linde entered into a cooperation to develop an optimized post combustion capture technology for power plants. In mid-2009 a CO2 capture pilot plant will be commissioned at RWE Power’s lignite-fired power plant at Niederaussem, Germany. The pilot plant comprises all significant components of a large post combustion capture plant but on a smaller scale. Some capture process optimization measures are implemented that should increase the overall efficiency and reduce the costs of a commercial capture plant. The design of the pilot plant - engineering, procurement and construction by Linde - allows testing the performance and stability of optimized CO2 solvents, which BASF is currently developing. On the basis of an elaborated solvent selection methodology (pre-selection, screening, etc.) comprehensive experiments are carried out in order to examine solvent performance, and some measures for the optimization of the process configuration are developed. The 18-month pilot plant testing programme will allow the performance of the optimized solvent and the process to be evaluated.
Anti-inflammatory protein TSG-6 secreted by activated MSCs attenuates zymosan-induced mouse peritonitis by decreasing TLR2/NF-κB signaling in resident macrophages (2011)

Human mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (hMSCs) repair tissues and modulate immune systems but the mechanisms are not fully understood. We demonstrated that hMSCs are activated by inflammatory signals to secrete the anti-inflammatory protein, TNF-α-stimulated gene 6 protein (TSG-6) and thereby create a negative feedback loop that reduces inflammation in zymosan-induced peritonitis. The results demonstrate for the first time that TSG-6 interacts through the CD44 receptor on resident macrophages to decrease zymosan/TLR2-mediated nuclear translocation of the NF-κB. The negative feedback loop created by MSCs through TSG-6 attenuates the inflammatory cascade that is initiated by resident macrophages and then amplified by mesothelial cells and probably other cells of the peritoneum. Because inflammation underlies many pathologic processes, including immune responses, the results may explain the beneficial effects of MSCs and TSG-6 in several disease models.
842. Porphyrins. Part I. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding in pyrromethenes and porphyrins (1962)

G. M. Badger, R. L. N. Harris, R. A. Jones and J. M. Sasse, J. Chem. Soc., 1962, 4329 DOI: 10.1039/JR9620004329
Atmospheric Turbidity in Saharan Dust Outbreaks as Determined by Analyses of Satellite Brightness Data (1979)

Using VHRR brightness data obtained from the NOAA 3 satellite, isopleths of aerosol Optical depth for Saharan dust have been drawn for seven days during summer 1974 over a portion of the eastern equatorial North Atlantic. The large-scale patterns reveal an elongated dust plume which emerges from a narrow region along the African coast. Thereafter, the plume moves westward and spreads laterally though maintaining rather discrete boundaries associated with sharp gradients of turbidity, especially along the southern border. Exceptionally large values of optical depth (>2.0) are found near the centers of some dust outbreaks but these high values contribute Little to the total dust loading, which, in typical episodes, are estimated to represent a loss of topsoil from Africa of ∼8 million metric tons of material in a period of 4–5 days. There appeared to be no direct intrusion of the dust plume into the ITCZ or north of 25°N in that region. Outbreaks of dust appear often to be no to the rear of a well-de-veloped easterly wave disturbance and inverted V-shaped cloud pattern. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of using satellite brightness data to quantitatively map dust outbreaks.
Interactions between Ras1, dMyc, and dPI3K signaling in the developing <i>Drosophila</i> wing (2002)

The Ras GTPase links extracellular signals to intracellular mechanisms that control cell growth, the cell cycle, and cell identity. An activated form of Drosophila Ras (Ras(V12)) promotes these processes in the developing wing, but the effector pathways involved are unclear. Here, we present evidence indicating that Ras(V12) promotes cell growth and G(1)/S progression by increasing dMyc protein levels and activating dPI3K signaling, and that it does so via separate effector pathways. We also show that endogenous Ras is required to maintain normal levels of dMyc, but not dPI3K signaling during wing development. Finally, we show that induction of dMyc and regulation of cell identity are separable effects of Raf/MAPK signaling. These results suggest that Ras may only affect PI3K signaling when mutationally activated, such as in Ras(V12)-transformed cells, and provide a basis for understanding the synergy between Ras and other growth-promoting oncogenes in cancer.
A Novel Apparatus to Investigate the Possibility of Plasma-Assisted Cold Fusion (1989)

Cold fusion of deuterium in a transition metal may have been demonstrated recently. These experiments use electrochemical hydrolysis of heavy water to provide the fuel source and conditions for fusion. An alternate approach with some advantages over electrolysis is described. A dc plasma discharge is made in a deuterium gas with a negative electrode made of palladium. Independent pressure, temperature, and current control are also possible in this method. Detection of reactions is achieved by a charged-particle detector placed close to the back side of the cathode. To date, no fusion events have been seen. However, only a small portion of the available parameter space has been investigated.
Design of a Quadcopter for Search and Rescue Operation in Natural Calamities (2015)

In the last few decades there have been a lot of climatic changes because of human interference into the nature way of working. Because of this there have arised a lot of climatic as well as weather changes in the world’s climatic atmosphere. Whatever the reason may be for this, but the immediate solution for this is highly necessary which lies in ourselves. The proposed solution from my side is to save the lives of the people as well as their property from being damaged and hampered because of this ignorance caused by us till now. Unmanned vehicles can be of lot help in this regard, which can fly at high altitudes and can catch the images of the areas that are under natural problems and can provide immediate help to them as necessary. The copters can send wireless message to the sites of control which handle such delicate issues and can thus provide help to the much needy ones
Molecular cloning and analysis of recombinant major antigens of Ehrlichia risticii (1991)

The genome of Ehrlichia risticii, the etiologic agent of Potomac horse fever, was cloned in the lambda gt11 expression vector. The efficiency of recombinant phage production with different restriction fragments of E. risticii DNA was generally between 20 and 95%. The antigen-positive frequency, detected by immunoscreening with E. risticii antibodies, was between 8 and 40 per 10(4) recombinants. Four (70, 55, 51, and 44 kDa) major antigens of E. risticii were identified from the recombinant phages by using recombinant antigen-selected monospecific antibodies. Characterization of three (70, 55, and 44 kDa) of these recombinant antigens indicated that the 70- and 44-kDa polypeptides were beta-galactosidase fusion products that were dependent on isopropylthiogalactoside induction for expression; they contained about 50 and 73%, respectively, of the native polypeptides. The 55-kDa antigen was a nonfusion protein expressed independently of isopropylthiogalactoside induction; it was a complete protein with a molecular weight identical to that of its native counterpart. The cloned E. risticii DNAs from of the recombinants expressing 70-, 55-, and 44-kDa proteins were 3.5, 3.9, and 4.8 kb, respectively, in size, and they were unique. The insert DNAs hybridized to multiple restriction fragments of the genomic DNA, the sum of the sizes of which was much greater than that of the corresponding insert. Mice immunized with the affinity-purified 55-kDa recombinant antigen produced a high titer of antibody in serum as measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gave a monospecific reaction by Western immunoblotting. Challenge infection of these immunized mice showed low protection from clinical infection.
Risk of familial breast cancer (1985)

The probabilities of developing breast cancer to and between various ages were estimated for 699 sisters of patients from three pedigree groups: sisters of patients whose (1) mothers, (2) sisters, or (3) second-degree relatives had previous breast cancer. The pedigree source of the patient and the laterality of disease had important effects on her sister's risk, whereas her age at diagnosis had virtually no effect. The highest life-time risks to sisters occurred when the patient had bilateral disease, an affected mother (25 +/- 7.2%), or an affected sister (28 +/- 11%). The risks reduced to 18 +/- 3.3% and 14 +/- 2.6%, respectively, with unilateral disease. Sisters of patients with an affected second-degree relative manifested a risk of 4 +/- 1.8% only with unilateral disease. Although the sisters' probabilities to age 70 were similar in pedigrees with affected mothers and sisters, the interval probabilities for successive 10-year periods suggested an earlier disease occurrence in the mother than sister pedigree groups when the patient had bilateral disease. The current results and those of others underscore the need for caution in applying probabilities for counseling women about their breast cancer risks.
Management of premature ejaculation – a comparison of treatment outcome in patients with and without erectile dysfunction (2002)

This study evaluated the problem of premature ejaculation (PE) in patients treated for erectile dysfunction. The aim was to compare the efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the management of primary PE and PE associated with sildenefil treatment. Eighty-seven patients with PE seen over a period of 17 months were recruited into this prospective study. They were categorized into two groups: primary PE (GPI) and PE in sildenefil-treated patients (GPII). All patients recruited into GPII had erectile dysfunction (ED) that was successfully treated with sildenefil citrate for at least a year. Both groups of patients were given sertraline 50 mg 4 h before expected time of sex. The minimum follow-up was 6 months. The ejaculation latency before and after treatment of the two groups were compared. The sexual satisfaction scores of the patients in the two groups were also sought and analysed. Twenty-eight percent of patients with ED who were successfully treated with sildenefil developed PE. Subjects in group GPI were younger and have less comorbid factors than those in group GPII. There was no significant difference in the mean ejaculation latency for both groups (46 vs. 34.6 sec for GPI and GPII, respectively). However, there was highly significant difference in the ejaculation latency between the two groups after treatment with sertraline for 6 months (247.2 vs. 111.6 sec for GPI and GPII, respectively). There was also significant difference in the sexual satisfaction score for group GPI post-treatment, but not for GPII. No significant side-effect of sertraline was reported from patients in both groups. Successful treatment of ED could not assure sexual satisfaction. At least a quarter of sildenefil treated ED patients might develop PE which would continue to frustrate these patients sexually. While selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) was effective in the management of primary PE, they were not as effective in patients with sildenefil corrected ED.
Xerographic time of flight experiment for the determination of drift mobility in high resistivity semiconductors (1987)

Drift mobility in high resistivity semiconductors can be determined from xerographic time of flight (XTOF) techniques whose principles are different from the well known Haynes-Shockley experiment. A practical and inexpensive XTOF apparatus which can be utilized in investigating high resistivity semiconductors is described in detail. Some examples of XTOF transient current waveforms in amorphous selenium-based photoreceptors and method of analysis are presented.
Ligand-dependent and -independent function of the transactivation regions of the human estrogen receptor in yeast. (1992)

The estrogen receptor (ER) is a transcription factor involved in steroid hormone signal transduction in higher eukaryotes. The receptor also functions as a ligand-dependent transcriptional activator when introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast), which suggests that at least some of the components of the signal transduction pathway are conserved between yeast and mammalian cells, and, moreover, allows the possibility of using this simple eukaryotic organism to dissect receptor function. However, whether the ER actually activates transcription in a mechanistically similar fashion in yeast and mammalian cells is unclear, since it has been reported that the transactivation function within the hormone binding domain (TAF-2) does not function in yeast. In this report, we have characterized the activity of the transactivation functions of the ER in yeast. Our results indicate that both TAF-2 and the N-terminal transactivation region (TAF-1) are functional in yeast and contribute synergistically to the receptor's total activity. These results are consistent with those obtained in mammalian cells. Furthermore, we show that in yeast the antagonistic effects of the antiestrogen nafoxidine arise from a modulation of the synergistic interactions of TAF-1 and TAF-2, and not simply from an inactivation of TAF-2 by antihormone. Finally, we characterize the effect of ER deletion mutants on chromatin structure in yeast. Our data lend support to the view that the formation of competent transcriptional initiation complexes requires a precise disruption of chromatin structure.
AN ANALYSIS OF AIRLINE SEAT ALLOCATION (1989)

In this paper we consider the airline seat allocation between high and low fares with and without stochastic cancellations. We also analyze the problem of simultaneously determining seat allocation and overbooking levels for two different classes of passengers, which also extends the existing literature in three ways. First, the cost oflost sales, which has been ignored in the existing literature, is explicitly incorporated into the model. Second, the overbooking phenomenon is also explicitly treated. Third, the concept of spill rate is clarified into t.he passenger spill rate and the flight rate. It is found that the results obtained here are in closer agreement with actual airline practice.
Palladium(II) Catalyzed Carboxylation of Aromatic Compounds with CO under Very Mild Conditions (1995)

Abstract Aromatic compounds in trifluoroacetic acid were readily carboxylated with CO in the presence of a catalytic amount of palladium(II) acetate under mild conditions to give aromatic carboxylic acids in good yields.
Balanced partitioning (1996)

We consider the problem of bipartitioning a circuit into two balanced components that minimizes the number of crossing nets. Previously, Kernighan and Lin type (K&L) heuristics, simulated annealing approach, and analytical methods were given to solve the problem. However, network flow (max-flow min-cut) techniques were overlooked as viable heuristics to min-cut balanced bipartition due to their high complexity. In this paper we propose a balanced bipartition heuristic based on repeated max-flow min-cut techniques, and give an efficient implementation that has the same asymptotic time complexity as that of one max-flow computation. We implemented our heuristic algorithm in a package called FBB. The experimental results demonstrate that FBB outperforms K&L heuristics and analytical methods in terms of the number of crossing nets, and our efficient implementation makes it possible to partition large circuit netlists with reasonable runtime. For example, the average elapsed time for bipartitioning a circuit S35932 of almost 20 K gates is less than 20 min on a SPARC10 with 32 MB memory.
In Vivo Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes (2013)

Our findings in vitro and in vivo indicate that CMs derived from iPSCs contain cardiac-specific organelles and adhesion systems. These results indicate that iPSC-derived CMs may be useful in new cell therapies for heart failure.
The earliest changes in gene expression in tadpole intestine induced by thyroid hormone. (1993)

Genes induced by thyroid hormone (TH) to change their expression in the Xenopus laevis gastrointestinal (GI) tract have been isolated using a subtractive hybridization method. An exhaustive search for down-regulated genes identified a single gene. Thirty-two different cDNA fragments derived from the up-regulated mRNA of tadpole intestine 18 h after addition of TH were cloned. They map to no more than 22 distinct genes. The isolation of multiple cDNA fragments derived from a single mRNA indicates that the complexity of up-regulated genes is limited. Both ubiquitous and intestine-specific up-regulated genes were found in this screen. The majority of these genes respond directly to TH induction as judged by the resistance of up-regulation to inhibitors of protein synthesis. The biological significance of these genes is supported by their dramatic regulation in the GI tract during spontaneous metamorphosis.
Use of an Operational Amplifier for Measuring Magnetic Flux Densities (1970)

A search coil which is connected to the input of an integrating operational amplifier can be used to measure magnetic fields with an accuracy which varies from 3%–4% at 10 G to 1%– 2% at fields of 1 kG or more. The apparatus is inexpensive, compact, and easy to operate. The method can also be used to study the magnetic properties of paramagnetic and superconducting materials.
Pharmacokinetics of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Its Analogs (1986)

PHARMACOLOGICAL therapy must be based on a therapeutic aim coupled with an understanding of relevant normal physiology. As reviewed elsewhere in this issue, pituitary gonadotropes exposed to GnRH pulses outside the physiological range of 0.5–1 pulses/h fail to sustain gonadotropin output. Consequently, clinical applications of GnRH are designed to stimulate gonadal function when endogenous GnRH pulsatility is deficient (hypogonadism, delayed puberty) by mimicking physiological patterns using exogenous GnRH pulse frequencies of 0.5–1 pulses/h (1). Conversely, GnRH analog (superactive agonists or pure antagonists) treatment is intended to suppress gonadal function via pituitary desensitization as a result of sustained pituitary overexposure to GnRH effects by continuous or quasi-continuous administration (2, 3). Thus treatment regimens with GnRH or the analogs will have different optimal modes of application based on the pharmacokinetics of the compound and pharmacodynamics of the target physiological systems. This article will review the pharmacokinetics of GnRH and its analogs and the relevance to regimens designed to stimulate or suppress gonadal function.
Compositional analysis of biomer (1990)

Biomer, a segmented polyether polyurethane, has been analyzed via hydrolysis/gas chromatography to determine its composition. In addition to the previously reported 4,4'-methylene bis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI), polytetramethylene glycol (PTMO), and ethylenediamine, we now report the presence of diethylamine, 1,3-diaminocyclohexane and poly(diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-decyl methacrylate), Biomer's cloudy insoluble phase. In addition, a method is presented to characterize the methacrylate additive by molecular weight based on GPC. Also found by chromatography were the antioxidants Santowhite Powder and BHT. XPS shows no Si (silicone) on the Biomer surface, and a total chloride analysis reports no chloride (less than 0.03%). Time-of-flight SIMS data suggest evidence for the methacrylate additive at the surface, and mass spectroscopy can be interpreted as evidence for a diaminocyclohexane.