gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuro fuzzy transmission control for automobile with variable loads (1995)

A transmission controller for an automobile with variable loads is designed and tested by using a transmission system (Isuzu NAVi-5) consisting of actuators and sensors besides gears, a throttle, and a clutch. This system engages and disengages the clutch and gears up and down automatically. In other words, a manual gear-shift system is automated. As neuro and fuzzy approaches are promising methods to interface between a vehicle operator and an automobile, they are used to design a transmission controller. Automobile loads are estimated from the signals of status sensors by fuzzy logic. Vehicle driver's intention is inferred by fuzzy logic using the information from automobile status sensors on which driver's intention is reflected. These are then fed into a neural network. An experienced driver (much data) teachers the neural network an optimal gear-shift scheduling such that a vehicle operator feels comfortable even when automobile loads change (for example when an automobile is traveling up and down hill).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Blind signal separation for MA mixture model (2002)

The paper presents a linear feedback neural network and an adaptive algorithm to achieve the blind signal separation under near-field situation. The convergence property of algorithm and stability of equilibrium state are discussed. Some simulations are provided.
Underpotential and overpotential deposition of al onto Cu(111) from the AlCl3-EtMeImCl room temperature molten salt (2006)

The processes of underpotential (UPD) and overpotential (OPD) deposition of Al onto Cu(111), from the room temperature molten salt AlCl3-EtMeImCl of different compositions, has been investigated by the cyclic volatmmetry (CV) and potentiostatic pulse techniques. It was shown that the CVs of the UPD are characterized by two sharp peaks, while the potentiostatic cathodic and anodic j-t-transients of this process are characterized by two waves indicating that the UPD of Al results in the formation of two structures. The first, less dense one, most probably the (?3x?3)R30? ordered structure of Al is formed at a more positive potential of about 200 mV vs. Al, while the second one, a complete momolayer of Al, is formed at about 20mV vs. Al, just before the reversible potential of Al in these melts (-20mV vs. Al). The OPD of Al was detected at potentials more negative than -30mV vs. Al, occurring through the progressive 3D nucleation and growth mechanism. Slow surface alloying of Al with Cu was found to occur at a potential close to the reversible potential of Al.
Risk Factors for E-Cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use–Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) Among Adults Who Use E-Cigarette, or Vaping, Products — Illinois, July–October 2019 (2019)

The United States is experiencing an unprecedented outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) (1). All EVALI patients have used e-cigarette, or vaping, products, and most (≥85%) have reported using products containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (2,3), the principal psychoactive component of cannabis. To examine whether e-cigarette, or vaping, product use behaviors differed between adult EVALI patients and adults who use these products but have not developed lung injury, the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) conducted an online public survey during September-October 2019 targeting e-cigarette, or vaping, product users in Illinois. Among 4,631 survey respondents, 94% reported using any nicotine-containing e-cigarette, or vaping, products in the past 3 months; 21% used any THC-containing products; and 11% used both THC-containing products and nicotine-containing products. Prevalence of THC-containing product use was highest among survey respondents aged 18-24 years (36%) and decreased with increasing age. E-cigarette, or vaping, product use behaviors of 66 EVALI patients aged 18-44 years who were interviewed as part of the ongoing outbreak investigation were compared with a subset of 519 survey respondents aged 18-44 years who reported use of THC-containing e-cigarette, or vaping, products. Compared with these survey respondents, EVALI patients had higher odds of reporting exclusive use of THC-containing products (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-3.6); frequent use (more than five times per day) of these products (aOR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.6-6.0), and obtaining these products from informal sources, such as a dealer, off the street, or from a friend (aOR = 9.2, 95% CI = 2.2-39.4). The odds of using Dank Vapes, a class of largely counterfeit THC-containing products, was also higher among EVALI patients (aOR = 8.5, 95% CI = 3.8-19.0). These findings reinforce current recommendations not to use e-cigarette, or vaping, products that contain THC and not to use any e-cigarette, or vaping, products obtained from informal sources. In addition, because the specific compound or ingredient causing lung injury is not yet known, CDC continues to recommend that persons consider refraining from use of all e-cigarette, or vaping, products while the outbreak investigation continues (1).
High enhancement SERS substrates created using DEP-DLA &amp; annealing Au-W (2011)

Techniques of preparing reliable surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates with high enhancement factors (EF) in the range of ×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> -10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> using dielectrophoresis (DEP) of Au nanoparticles is presented. Diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) of Au NPs, here, gives rise to multi-branched fractal geometry that also incorporates the analyte and results in a large density of hot spots. The second substrate was prepared by annealing a thin film of Au on W to form nanometric structures with Au separated from W by a thin (~40nm) tungsten oxide layer. The benefit of using DEP-DLA is that it enables controlled assembly of NPs in real time. SERS of thymine and intensive surface studies using AFM and SEM were carried out.
Multiple cross‐reactivities amongst antigens of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> impair the development of protective immunity against malaria (1986)

The majority of protein antigens of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum contain short sequences that are extensively repeated in tandem arrays. Some antigens contain a single block of repeats whereas in other antigens there may be two or more blocks of related repeats. The repetitive sequences in an individual antigen may be highly conserved but more usually there is some degeneracy which occasionally is extensive. The repetitive sequences encode immunodominant epitopes to which much of the antibody response in malaria is directed. Recently, we have found that there are extensive cross-reactions amongst the epitopes encoded by related repetitive sequences. These cross-reactions may involve different blocks of repeats in the one antigen or repetitive sequences in different antigens. It is proposed that these cross-reactions interfere with the normal maturation of a high affinity antibody response in malaria by causing an abnormally high proportion of somatically-mutated B cells to be preserved during clonal expansion.
Mediating δ-opioid-initiated heart protection via the β<sub>2</sub>-adrenergic receptor: role of the intrinsic cardiac adrenergic cell (2007)

Stimulation of cardiac beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)-AR) or delta-opioid receptor (DOR) exerts a similar degree of cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia in experimental models. We hypothesized that delta-opioid-initiated cardioprotection is mediated by the intrinsic cardiac adrenergic (ICA) cell via enhanced epinephrine release. Using immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization methods, we detected in situ tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA and TH immunoreactivity that was colocalized with DOR immunoreactivity in ICA cells in human and rat hearts. Western blot analysis detected DOR protein in ICA cells isolated from rat ventricular myocytes. The physiology of DOR expression was examined by determining changes of cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) transients in isolated rat ICA cells using fluorescence spectrophotometry. Exposing the selective delta-opioid agonist D-[Pen(2,5)]enkephalin (DPDPE) to ICA cells increased [Ca(2+)](i) transients in a concentration-dependent manner. Such an effect was abolished by the Ca(2+) channel blocker nifedipine. HPLC-electrochemical detection demonstrated a 2.4-fold increase in epinephrine release from ICA cells following DPDPE application. The significance of the ICA cell and its epinephrine release in delta-opioid-initiated cardioprotection was demonstrated in the rat myocardial infarction model and ICA cell-ventricular myocyte coculture. DPDPE administered before coronary artery occlusion or simulated ischemia-reperfusion reduced left ventricular infarct size by 54 +/- 15% or myocyte death by 26 +/- 4%, respectively. beta(2)-AR blockade markedly attenuated delta-opioid-initiated infarct size-limiting effect and abolished delta-opioid-initiated myocyte survival protection in rat ICA cell-myocyte coculture. Furthermore, delta-opioid agonist exerted no myocyte survival protection in the absence of cocultured ICA cells during ischemia-reperfusion. We conclude that delta-opioid-initiated myocardial infarct size reduction is primarily mediated via endogenous epinephrine/beta(2)-AR signaling pathway as a result of ICA cell activation.
Vehicle data management system with remote access to electronic control unit-internal states (2001)

The authors describe a vehicle data management system (VDMS) that provides vehicle manufacturers and suppliers with engineering feedback from the fleet in the field, and improves remote diagnosis capabilities. We outline how we implemented such a system as software components on top of the existing hardware infrastructure of a vehicle. The system is based on recording system states in electronic control units and then retrieving these data and configuring the system remotely using a wireless link to a CAN-TCP gateway node in the vehicle. We also outline the possibilities arising from the analysis of the data recorded in the vehicle, with emphasis on estimating technical lifetime and short-term prediction of faults (predictive diagnosis).
Quantitative CD3 PET Imaging Predicts Tumor Growth Response to Anti-CTLA-4 Therapy (2016)

These findings indicate that high CD3 PET uptake in the anti-CTLA-4-treated mice correlated with subsequent reduced tumor volume and was a predictive biomarker of response.
Compton scatter effects in CT reconstructions (1982)

Compton scatter of x-ray quanta is the dominant attenuation mechanism in medical diagnostic imaging. In this paper, it is shown that the scatter-to-primary ratio determines the nature and intensity of scatter artifacts in computed tomography (CT) reconstructions and that this ratio, while significantly lower than in radiographic and fluoroscopic examinations, can still be significant in CT. It is found that high spatial-frequency artifacts can arise even though the detected scatter intensity has little or no high-frequency modulation. Reconstructions from x-ray data are presented which show "cupping" as well as dark streaks connecting high-attenuation regions. Correction of the data from measurements of scatter eliminates these artifacts. It is, moreover, observed that the intensity of the artifacts is often diminished when a beam-shaping attenuator is employed. Calculations of scatter intensity are developed from a model which includes single-event and two-event scatter. This analysis is in good agreement with measurements on round water phantoms. Extension to other detector geometries shows, not unexpectedly, that detectors with poorer collimation yield larger scatter artifacts.
Pathology of dietary carbonyl iron overload in rats. (1987)

Serial light microscopic and ultrastructural studies were performed in rats with experimental iron overload produced by dietary supplementation with carbonyl (elemental) iron over a 12-month period. Hepatic iron increased rapidly to concentrations approximately 40 to 90 times those of control rats by 3 months. Within the liver, iron deposition was initially confined to periportal (zone 1) hepatocytes but subsequently extended to midzonal (zone 2) and centrilobular (zone 3) hepatocytes. Reticuloendothelial cell deposits of iron increased gradually and became prominent after 3 months. At this time, morphologic evidence of hepatocellular injury was mild and subtle with occasional foci of spotty necrosis and ultrastructural subcellular organelle damage. By 8 months, iron deposition was massive. Portal areas were enlarged with collections of iron-loaded macrophages and increased collagenous tissue. This portal fibrous tissue extended between periportal (zone 1) hepatocytes at sites of maximal iron deposition and around iron-loaded Kupffer cells and macrophages. At 12 months, the periportal (zone 1) fibrosis was more pronounced. These serial morphologic studies are the first to demonstrate the production of hepatic fibrosis by chronic dietary iron overload. This experimental model may reproduce important components of the pathophysiologic sequence of chronic liver damage seen in iron overload states in humans.
Al-Cu Alloy Etching Using In-Reactor Aluminum Chloride Formation in Static Magnetron Triode Reactive Ion Etching (1993)

We describe a new Al-Cu alloy etching system that uses aluminum chloride formed in the reactor to build deep-submicron Al-Cu laminated interconnections. The etching residue containing copper chloride after Al-Cu etching can be removed by a flow of aluminum chloride at a relatively low temperature of 120°C. This is because copper chloride reacts with aluminum chloride to form volatile chloroaluminate copper. In the new etching system aluminum chloride is formed through the use of a second cathode covered with aluminum targets in static magnetron triode reactive ion etching (SMTRIE). With this configuration, aluminum chloride flow can be precisely controlled and highly selective deep-submicron etching of Al-Cu laminated interconnections without any residue can be achieved. It is also shown that the aluminum chloride flow suppresses after-corrosion.
Monotherapy in advanced prostate cancer: an overview. (2004)

Prostate cancer is the second leading malignancy in men associated with an enormous research interest in all aspects of the disease. It is well recognized that the regulation of prostatic growth is a complicated biological process. Further more the androgenic dependence of the advanced prostate cancer is well know and in the last 50 years significant progresses regarding the principle of deprivation of androgens for the treatment of the disease occured. Prostate cancer is now diagnosed in earlier stages and treatment results in increased potential for cure or extension of overall survival. Unfortunately, every treatment for prostate cancer has adverse effects with negative impact in health-related quality of life. Surgical or pharmacological castration has a significant negative impact on quality of life in patients with prostate cancer (loss of sexuality, osteoporosis, and loss of muscle mass, e.g.). Antiandrogen monotherapy is considered to be a treatment in well-informed patients who wish to remain sexually active, can be administered orally, and is well tolerated by patients with prostate cancer. This review is focused on antiandrogen monotherapy in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
Kinematic Analysis of Swing in Pro and Amateur Golfers (2008)

As golf grows in popularity, golf related injuries have increased. The purpose of this study was to calculate and compare upper body kinematics of healthy male golfers from different skill levels. Kinematic data were obtained from 18 professional, 18 low handicap, 18 mid handicap and 18 high handicap golfers with an optoelectronic system at 240 frames per second. Ten displacement parameters were calculated at address, peak of back swing and ball contact. Angular velocity parameters and respective temporal data were calculated during the downswing phase. Most parameters were significantly different between the higher skilled golfers (professional, low handicap) and the least skilled golfers (high handicap). At the peak of the swing, professionals produced the largest magnitudes for left shoulder horizontal adduction (125 +/- 6 degrees ), right shoulder external rotation (66 +/- 11 degrees ), and trunk rotation (60 +/- 7 degrees ). During the downswing, the professionals produced the largest angular velocities for the club shaft (2413 +/- 442 degrees /s), right elbow extension (854 +/- 150 degrees /s), right wrist (1183 +/- 299 degrees /s) and left wrist (1085 +/- 338 degrees /s). The results of this study show that improper mechanics of golf swing existed in middle and high handicap groups. These improper mechanics may contribute to golf related injuries.
Barcode identification for single cell genomics (2019)

We show that for single-cell RNA-Seq circularization improves the recovery of accurate single-cell transcriptome estimates, especially when there are a high number of errors per read. This approach is robust to the type of error (mismatch, insertion, deletion), as well as to the relative abundances of the cells. Sircel, a software package that implements this approach is described and publically available.
Notes. Antineoplastic Agents. XXV. 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes. Antineoplastic Agents. XXV. 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanesDyral Fessler, George Pettit, and Joseph SettepaniCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1969, 12, 3, 542–543Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1969Publication History Published online23 September 2003Published inissue 1 May 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00303a623https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00303a623research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views54Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A measurement-based admission-controlled Web server (2002)

Current HTTP servers process requests using a first-come first-serve queuing policy. What this implies is that the WWW server must process each request as it arrives. The result is that the more requests a client makes, the more replies the server will generate in response. Unfortunately, the bandwidth of the network and the processing capabilities of the server are often limited resulting in an aggressive client, or sets of clients, consuming the majority of the server's resources, limiting other clients' ability to use their fair allocation. While the traditional behavior of a Web server works efficiently for a Web site that is non-discriminating towards all clients, guaranteeing service for preferred clients from the server itself is not yet possible. This paper describes the algorithm we have designed and implemented on the Apache HTTP server, which has been shown to be effective in allocating configurable fixed percentages of bandwidth across numerous simultaneous clients, independent of the aggressiveness of the clients' requests.
Low-Power MOS-Capacitor Based Silicon Photonic Modulators and CMOS Drivers (2015)

We present efficient MOS-capacitor based silicon photonic modulators driven by low-power CMOS inverter based driver ICs. Operating under the lumped-element approximation, modulation formats of NRZ, PAM, and QAM are demonstrated.
Consistent speaker identification via Wigner smoothing techniques (2003)

A voiceprint database for automatic speaker identification is proposed. With traditional short-time Fourier transform techniques system limitations arise not from discrimination between two different speakers but from single-speaker variations. The proposed estimator uses a derivative of the Wigner distribution (WD) function called the smoothed-discrete-WD (SDWD). The SDWD is shown to produce a significantly more consistent estimate over the differing samples of a given word utterance when the DWD kernel has been averaged over the entire window. The formant frequencies are well identified and remain consistent over the samples.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Incorporation of reconstituted influenza virus envelopes into liposomes: studies of the immune response in mice (1989)

Conference Article| February 01 1989 Incorporation of reconstituted influenza virus envelopes into liposomes: studies of the immune response in mice LLOYD TAN; LLOYD TAN *Medical Research Council Group, Academic Medicine, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London NW3 2QG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ABRAHAM LOYTER; ABRAHAM LOYTER †Department of Biochemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar GREGORY GREGORIADIS GREGORY GREGORIADIS *Medical Research Council Group, Academic Medicine, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London NW3 2QG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1989) 17 (1): 129–130. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0170129 Article history Received: June 22 1988 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation LLOYD TAN, ABRAHAM LOYTER, GREGORY GREGORIADIS; Incorporation of reconstituted influenza virus envelopes into liposomes: studies of the immune response in mice. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1989; 17 (1): 129–130. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0170129 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: DRV, dehydration-rehydration vesicle, RIVE, reconstituted influenza virus envelope, PC, phosphatidylcholine, DSPC, distearoyl phosphatidylcholine, PBS, phosphate-buffered saline, ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay This content is only available as a PDF. © 1989 Biochemical Society1989 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Electrochemical Assembly of Ordered Macropores in Gold (2000)

Macroporous gold has been prepared by impregnating artificial opals using electrodeposition. Both latex and silica spheres were used to prepare the opal templates. The silica spheres could be removed without damage to the patterned gold, which is subsequently an excellent reflection of the original template. The Figure shows a crystal of air spheres in gold prepared using silica spheres (see also inside front cover).