gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of resource reservation strategies in broadband networks (2002)

High speed networks are fast becoming an essential part of the information infrastructure. New problems in dynamic control of these networks arise due to the increased ratio of propagation delay to bit duration. Key network performance parameters (e.g., delay, cell loss, jitter) have to be observed while carrying various combinations of different types of traffic. This paper studies adaptive control strategies for dynamic resource allocation in broadband networks. Research goals include the development of adaptive control policies and dynamic resource scheduling algorithms which would efficiently and optimally allocate network resources (e.g., bandwidth and buffers), while maintaining the best possible quality of service for the different classes of calls. The use of reserved resources for each class of traffic in the dynamic allocation of network resources provides the required fairness and simplicity in implementing resource allocation control for high-speed networks while its adaptive control provides the network with an additional capability of adapting to the dynamics of the traffic load.
Comparison of Structural Test Coverage Metrics (1985)

Empirically comparing structural test coverage metrics reveals that test sets that satisfy one metric are likely to satisfy metric as we.
The Influence of Sodium and Potassium Dynamics on Excitability, Seizures, and the Stability of Persistent States: II. Network and Glial Dynamics (2008)

In these companion papers, we study how the interrelated dynamics of sodium and potassium affect the excitability of neurons, the occurrence of seizures, and the stability of persistent states of activity. We seek to study these dynamics with respect to the following compartments: neurons, glia, and extracellular space. We are particularly interested in the slower time-scale dynamics that determine overall excitability, and set the stage for transient episodes of persistent oscillations, working memory, or seizures. In this second of two companion papers, we present an ionic current network model composed of populations of Hodgkin-Huxley type excitatory and inhibitory neurons embedded within extracellular space and glia, in order to investigate the role of micro-environmental ionic dynamics on the stability of persistent activity. We show that these networks reproduce seizure-like activity if glial cells fail to maintain the proper micro-environmental conditions surrounding neurons, and produce several experimentally testable predictions. Our work suggests that the stability of persistent states to perturbation is set by glial activity, and that how the response to such perturbations decays or grows may be a critical factor in a variety of disparate transient phenomena such as working memory, burst firing in neonatal brain or spinal cord, up states, seizures, and cortical oscillations.
Semantic information retrieval (1998)

article Free Access Share on Semantic information retrieval Author: Annelise Mark Pejtersen Risø National Laboratory, in Roskilde, Denmark Risø National Laboratory, in Roskilde, DenmarkView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 41Issue 4April 1998pp 90–92https://doi.org/10.1145/273035.273067Published:01 April 1998Publication History 17citation1,101DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations17Total Downloads1,101Last 12 Months59Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
LIFETIME BODY SIZE AND PROSTATE CANCER RISK IN A POPULATION-BASED CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN SWEDEN (2013)

LIFETIME BODY SIZE AND PROSTATE CANCER RISK IN A POPULATION-BASED CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN SWEDEN
Publisher's Note: “Opening the light extraction cone of high index substrates with plasmonic gratings: Light emitting diode applications” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 021101 (2009)] (2009)

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Attribution of production-stage methane emissions to assess spatial variability in the climate intensity of US natural gas consumption (2021)

Abstract Although natural gas is often viewed as a commodity fuel with limited variability due to standardization for pipeline transportation, life cycle impacts of natural gas vary substantially. Greenhouse gas (GHG) intensity is one of the most policy-relevant environmental characteristics of natural gas, particularly as decarbonization efforts proceed. Given that natural gas is mostly methane, a powerful GHG, methane emissions from the natural gas system contribute substantially to the GHG intensity of natural gas. Research has established that methane emissions from natural gas systems are climatically relevant and higher than long understood, in part due to variation in production-stage emissions by basin. This work combines recent estimates of basin-level US production-stage methane emissions, data on US natural gas production, consumption, and trade, and a spatial evaluation of pipeline connections between production basins and consumer states to generate first-order estimates of the production-stage methane emissions intensity of natural gas consumed in the United States. Although natural gas is a commodity product, the environmental footprint of a given unit of natural gas varies based on its origin and infrastructural needs. We find that production-stage methane emissions intensity of delivered natural gas by state varies from 0.9% to 3.6% (mass methane emitted from natural gas production sites per mass methane withdrawn). These production-stage emissions add 16%–65% (global warming potential (GWP)-100; 38%–157%, GWP-20) to combustion carbon dioxide emissions. Other sources of life cycle methane emissions downstream of production can be similar in magnitude. Natural gas consumed in Arizona, Kansas, and New Mexico has the highest estimated production-stage methane emissions intensity, largely due to reliance on high-emission basins. Limitations include emissions-related data gaps and sensitivity to allocation approaches, but results demonstrate decision-relevant variability in the GHG impact of natural gas.
A midge predator of potato aphids on tomatoes (1986)

The potato aphid is an occasional and sometimes serious pest of tomatoes. Natural enemies of the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), include syrphid fly larvae, ladybird beetles, lacewings, and various hymenopterous parasites, but these insects generally do not prevent economic damage. One natural enemy seldom mentioned is the predaceous midge, Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani). In 1984-85 studies at the University of California South Coast Field Station, Irvine, we found that predation by larvae of this midge played an important role in controlling potato aphid infestations in processing tomatoes.
An improved reversible image watermarking algorithm based on difference expansion (2017)

To improve the visual quality and the embedding rate of the existing reversible image watermarking algorithm, an improved reversible image watermarking algorithm based on difference expansion is proposed. First, the watermark information is divided into groups, and the information value of each group is calculated. The watermark group number and the corresponding carrier image block number are mapped, and the corresponding coefficient position of each corresponding carrier block is identified according to the value of the watermark information in each group. Second, the identified location map is compressed and embedded in the original image through the difference expansion. Through circular searching the suitable pixel position, the embedding rate can be effectively improved without sacrificing any visual quality. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm not only has high embedding rate but also has a high visual quality and can achieve full recovery of the original image. Compared with other algorithms, the algorithm has certain advantages.
All Your Screens Are Belong to Us: Attacks Exploiting the HTML5 Screen Sharing API (2014)

HTML5 changes many aspects in the browser world by introducing numerous new concepts, in particular, the new HTML5 screen sharing API impacts the security implications of browsers tremendously. One of the core assumptions on which browser security is built is that there is no cross-origin feedback loop from the client to the server. However, the screen sharing API allows creating a cross-origin feedback loop. Consequently, websites will potentially be able to see all visible content from the user's screen, irrespective of its origin. This cross-origin feedback loop, when combined with human vision limitations, can introduce new vulnerabilities. An attacker can capture sensitive information from victim's screen using the new API without the consensus of the victim. We investigate the security implications of the screen sharing API and discuss how existing defenses against traditional web attacks fail during screen sharing. We show that several attacks are possible with the help of the screen sharing API: cross-site request forgery, history sniffing, and information stealing. We discuss how popular websites such as Amazon and Wells Fargo can be attacked using this API and demonstrate the consequences of the attacks such as economic losses, compromised account and information disclosure. The objective of this paper is to present the attacks using the screen sharing API, analyze the fundamental cause and motivate potential defenses to design a more secure screen sharing API.
The application of adsorption separation technique in protecting environment (2003)

An overview of modern trends in the application of adsorption technique in protecting the environment is presented.The essential subject comprises environmental challenges to adsorption,basic types of environmentally relevant adsorbents and information that refers to adsorbent properties with regard to practical applications.Current understanding and perspectives pertaining to environmental applications of adsorption phenomena are discussed as well.For the new developments the environment adsorbents should be manufactured costeffectively,and the environmental applications of adsorption technique should be developed together with molecular simulations of environmental processes.
<title>Next-hop resolution protocol</title> (1997)

This paper describes the next hop resolution protocol (NHRP), and its use in the deployment over non-broadcast multi-access (NBMA) networks with particular emphasis on NHRP's use with IP over ATM campus networks. NHRP allows a host or router to determine the 'best' next hop at the egress of an NBMA cloud toward a final destination. NHRP differs from traditional ARP- like mechanisms in that NHRP will return information that may permit the creation of a cut-through connection across multiple IP subnets and thus would bypass the associated router hops. This bypassing of intermediate routers should cause a net decrease in delay and delay variation since fewer protocol layers of the intervening nodes would potentially have to access the data carried on those connections. Note that while this protocol was developed for use with NBMA subnetworks, it is possible, if not likely, that it will be applied to BMA subnetworks as well. However, this usage of NHRP is for further study. Further, while this paper emphasizes IP networks, NHRP is built to be multi-protocol at the network layer.© (1997) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Fabrication and characterization of SiC thin films (2011)

Silicon carbide (SiC) is a material with excellent properties for micro systems applications. In this paper, three chemical vapor deposition methods, low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), plasma enhance chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) at two different temperatures have been utilized to fabricate the silicon carbide thin films. The roughness, the crystal structure, the Young modulus, the hardness and the intrinsic stress of the silicon carbide films were studied in order to obtain the discriminating applications for MEMS fabrication.
Comparative Virulence of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> Strains with Insertion-Duplication, Point, and Deletion Mutations in the Pneumolysin Gene (1999)

Pneumolysin is a 471-amino-acid toxin produced by Streptococcus pneumoniae which has both cytolytic and complement activation properties. We have constructed a derivative of the type 2 S. pneumoniae strain D39 in which the portion of the pneumolysin gene encoding amino acids 55 to 437 has been deleted in-frame. The virulence of this strain (DeltaPly) was compared with those of wild-type D39, a pneumolysin insertion-duplication mutant (PLN-A), and a derivative (PdT) carrying a toxin gene with three point mutations known to abolish both cytolytic activity and complement activation. PdT was intermediate in virulence between D39 and either PLN-A or DeltaPly in a mouse intraperitoneal challenge model. This provides unequivocal evidence that pneumolysin has an additional property that is not abolished by point mutations which reduce cytotoxicity and complement activation to virtually undetectable levels.
Clustering of PubMed abstracts using nearer terms of the domain (2012)

Literature search is a process in which external developers provide alternative representations for efficient data mining of biomedical literature such as ranking search results, displaying summarized knowledge of semantics and clustering results into topics. In clustering search results, prominent vocabularies, such as GO (Gene Ontology), MeSH(Medical Subject Headings) and frequent terms extracted from retrieved PubMed abstracts have been used as topics for grouping. In this study, we have proposed FNeTD (Frequent Nearer Terms of the Domain) method for PubMed abstracts clustering. This is achieved through a two-step process viz; i) identifying frequent words or phrases in the abstracts through the frequent multi-word extraction algorithm and ii) identifying nearer terms of the domain from the extracted frequent phrases using the nearest neighbors search. The efficiency of the clustering of PubMed abstracts using nearer terms of the domain was measured using F-score. The present study suggests that nearer terms of the domain can be used for clustering the search results.
Luminescent metal–organic frameworks (2009)

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) display a wide range of luminescent behaviors resulting from the multifaceted nature of their structure. In this critical review we discuss the origins of MOF luminosity, which include the linker, the coordinated metal ions, antenna effects, excimer and exciplex formation, and guest molecules. The literature describing these effects is comprehensively surveyed, including a categorization of each report according to the type of luminescence observed. Finally, we discuss potential applications of luminescent MOFs. This review will be of interest to researchers and synthetic chemists attempting to design luminescent MOFs, and those engaged in the extension of MOFs to applications such as chemical, biological, and radiation detection, medical imaging, and electro-optical devices (141 references).
Application and System Design of Elastomer Based Optofluidic Lenses (2012)

Adaptive optic technology has revolutionized real time correction of wavefront aberrations. Optofluidic based applied optic devices have offered an opportunity to produce flexible refractive lenses in the correction of wavefronts. Fluidic lenses have superiority relative to their solid lens counterparts in their capabilities of producing tunable optical systems, that when synchronized, can produce real time variable systems with no moving parts. We have developed optofluidic fluidic lenses for applications of applied optical devices, as well as ophthalmic optic devices. The first half of this dissertation discusses the production of fluidic lenses as optical devices. In addition, the design and testing of various fluidic systems made with these components are evaluated. We begin with the creation of spherical or defocus singlet fluidic lenses. We then produced zoom optical systems with no moving parts by synchronizing combinations of these fluidic spherical lenses. The variable power zoom system incorporates two singlet fluidic lenses that are synchronized. The coupled device has no moving parts and has produced a magnification range of 0.1 x to 10 x or a 20 x magnification range. The chapter after fluidic zoom technology focuses on producing achromatic lens designs. We offer an analysis of a hybrid diffractive and refractive achromat that offers discrete achromatized variable focal lengths. In addition, we offer a design of a fully optofluidic based achromatic lens. By synchronizing the two membrane surfaces of the fluidic achromat we develop a design for a fluidic achromatic lens.The second half of this dissertation discusses the production of optofluidic technology in ophthalmic applications. We begin with an introduction to an optofluidic phoropter system. A fluidic phoropter is designed through the combination of a defocus lens with two cylindrical fluidic lenses that are orientated 45° relative to each other. Here we discuss the designs of the fluidic cylindrical lens coupled with a previously discussed defocus singlet lens. We then couple this optofluidic phoropter with relay optics and Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing technology to produce an auto-phoropter device. The auto-phoropter system combines a refractometer designed Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor with the compact refractive fluidic lens phoropter. This combination allows for the identification and control of ophthalmic cylinder, cylinder axis, as well as refractive error. The closed loop system of the fluidic phoropter with refractometer enables for the creation of our see-through auto-phoropter system. The design and testing of several generations of transmissive see-through auto-phoropter devices are presented in this section.
A Security Proxy to Cloud Storage Backends Based on an Efficient Wildcard Searchable Encryption (2018)

Cloud storage backends such as Amazon S3 are a potential storage solution to enterprises. However, to couple enterprises with these backends, at least two problems must be solved: first, how to make these semi-trusted backends as secure as on-premises storage; and second, how to selectively retrieve files as easy as on-premises storage. A security proxy can address both the problems by building a local index from keywords in files before encrypting and uploading files to these backends. But, if the local index is built in plaintext, file content is still vulnerable to local malicious staff. Searchable Encryption (SE) can get rid of this vulnerability by making index into ciphertext; however, its known constructions often require modifications to index database, and, to support wildcard queries, they are not efficient at all. In this paper, we present a security proxy that, based on our wildcard SE construction, can securely and efficiently couple enterprises with these backends. In particular, since our SE construction can work directly with existing database systems, it incurs only a little overhead, and when needed, permits the security proxy to run with constantly small storage footprint by readily out-sourcing all built indices to existing cloud databases.
Modeling and experimental investigation of a variable speed drive water source heat pump (2010)

Accurate variable speed characteristics are needed for water source heat pumps (WSHP) to design variable speed controls to adjust refrigerant flow rates in heat pumps and air conditioners. The system capacity can then be regulated to match the compressor loads to the heating or cooling needs to improve the energy efficiency and lower energy costs. The motor and compression characteristics of WSHP were modeled to include the coupling between the motor speed and the torque characteristics and compression characteristics. An analytical model is given for a variable speed hermetic scroll compressor that describes various factors, such as the drive frequency, suction pressure, and discharge pressure as a function of the compressor speed. The model was validated experimentally using R22 and R134a in an experimental WSHP with variable speed control using frequency conversion. The results show that the analytical model properly describes the variable speed characteristics and provides a control strategy for adjusting the capacity of scroll compressors to match the heat pump or air conditioner operating conditions.
G<sub>q</sub>-activated fibroblasts induce cardiomyocyte action potential prolongation and automaticity in a three-dimensional microtissue environment (2017)

Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) are known to regulate cardiomyocyte (CM) function in vivo and in two-dimensional in vitro cultures. This study examined the effect of CF activation on the regulation of CM electrical activity in a three-dimensional (3-D) microtissue environment. Using a scaffold-free 3-D platform with interspersed neonatal rat ventricular CMs and CFs, G<sub>q</sub>-mediated signaling was selectively enhanced in CFs by Gα<sub>q</sub> adenoviral infection before coseeding with CMs in nonadhesive hydrogels. After 3 days, the microtissues were analyzed by signaling assay, histological staining, quantitative PCR, Western blots, optical mapping with voltage- or Ca<sup>2+</sup>-sensitive dyes, and microelectrode recordings of CF resting membrane potential (RMP<sub>CF</sub>). Enhanced G<sub>q</sub> signaling in CFs increased microtissue size and profibrotic and prohypertrophic markers. Expression of constitutively active Gα<sub>q</sub> in CFs prolonged CM action potential duration (by 33%) and rise time (by 31%), prolonged Ca<sup>2+</sup> transient duration (by 98%) and rise time (by 65%), and caused abnormal electrical activity based on depolarization-induced automaticity. Constitutive G<sub>q</sub> activation in CFs also depolarized RMP<sub>CF</sub> from -33 to -20 mV and increased connexin 43 and connexin 45 expression. Computational modeling confers that elevated RMP<sub>CF</sub> and increased cell-cell coupling between CMs and CFs in a 3-D environment could lead to automaticity. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that CF activation alone is capable of altering action potential and Ca<sup>2+</sup> transient characteristics of CMs, leading to proarrhythmic electrical activity. Our results also emphasize the importance of a 3-D environment where cell-cell interactions are prevalent, underscoring that CF activation in 3-D tissue plays a significant role in modulating CM electrophysiology and arrhythmias.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> In a three-dimensional microtissue model, which lowers baseline activation of cardiac fibroblasts but enables cell-cell, paracrine, and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, we demonstrate that selective cardiac fibroblast activation by enhanced G<sub>q</sub> signaling, a pathophysiological trigger in the diseased heart, modulates cardiomyocyte electrical activity, leading to proarrhythmogenic automaticity.