gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Applied Research of Credit Scoring Combination Model Based on SA-GA Algorithm (2011)

In the area of personal credit risk management business, the domestic issues haven't developed a personal credit scoring method which matches with the development of personal credit. To some extent this problem has constrained and impeded the sound development of China's consumer credit business. Therefore, based on the principles of combination forecast, this paper proposes optimization in the weight of a single model in combining models using SA-GA and constructs an individual credit score combination forecast model based on SA-GA. The result shows that the combination model can be effectively integrated with the advantages of a single model, and it also has more advantages in prediction accuracy and stability. Moreover, this model can effectively explain the impact of variables upon default, and shows relatively strong practical value.
Structural analysis of the N‐glycans of the major cysteine proteinase of <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> (2005)

Trypanosoma cruzi , the parasitic protozoan that causes Chagas disease, contains a major cysteine proteinase, cruzipain. This lysosomal enzyme bears an unusual C‐terminal extension that contains a number of post‐translational modifications, and most antibodies in natural and experimental infections are directed against it. In this report we took advantage of UV‐MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry in conjunction with peptide N‐glycosidase F deglycosylation and high performance anion exchange chromatography analysis to address the structure of the N‐linked oligosaccharides present in this domain. The UV‐MALDI‐TOF MS analysis in the negative‐ion mode, using nor‐harmane as matrix, allowed us to determine a new striking feature in cruzipain: sulfated high‐mannose type oligosaccharides. Sulfated GlcNAc 2 Man 3 to GlcNAc 2 Man 9 species were identified. In accordance, after chemical or enzymatic desulfation, the corresponding signals disappeared. In addition, by UV‐MALDI‐TOF MS analysis (a) a main population of high‐mannose type oligosaccharides was shown in the positive‐ion mode, (b) lactosaminic glycans were also identified, among them, structures corresponding to monosialylated species were detected, and (c) as an interesting fact a fucosylated oligosaccharide was also detected. The presence of the deoxy sugar was further confirmed by high performance anion exchange chromatography. In conclusion, the total number of oligosaccharides occurring in cruzipain was shown to be much higher than previous estimates. This constitutes the first report on the presence of sulfated glycoproteins in Trypanosomatids.
The FMX™ Stereo Broadcast System (1986)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new broadcast service, developed jointly by CBS and the National Association of Broadcasters, has proven highly effective for improving the quality and range of FM stereophonic reception. Compatible with existing service, the new transmission format additionally incorporates a compressed stereo difference signal, in quadrature at 38 kHz. A unique adaptive expander in receivers provides 20 dB attenuation of noise and distortion components under conditions of adverse reception. The stereo service area typically is increased three-fold, to the geographical limits of equivalent monophonic reception.</div>
Defining Multidrug Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria in the Dutch–German Border Region—Impact of National Guidelines (2018)

Preventing the spread of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDRGNB) is a public health priority. However, the definition of MDRGNB applied for planning infection prevention measures such as barrier precautions differs depending on national guidelines. This is particularly relevant in the Dutch-German border region, where patients are transferred between healthcare facilities located in the two different countries, because clinicians and infection control personnel must understand antibiograms indicating MDRGNB from both sides of the border and using both national guidelines. This retrospective study aimed to compare antibiograms of Gram-negative bacteria and classify them using the Dutch and German national standards for MDRGNB definition. A total of 31,787 antibiograms from six Dutch and four German hospitals were classified. Overall, 73.7% were no MDRGNB according to both guidelines. According to the Dutch and German guideline, 7772/31,787 (24.5%) and 4586/31,787 (12.9%) were MDRGNB, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Major divergent classifications were observed for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) -producing <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i>, non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i>. The observed differences show that medical staff must carefully check previous diagnostic findings when patients are transferred across the Dutch-German border, as it cannot be assumed that MDRGNB requiring special hygiene precautions are marked in the transferred antibiograms in accordance with both national guidelines.
Expert systems for efficient handling of medical information. I. Lung cancer. (1991)

Rule-based expert systems offer the ability to quickly retrieve considerable amounts of information relevant to specific situations; the technology can be potentially very useful to physicians in an era characterized by an explosion of medical data. A simple rule-based expert system that allows a microcomputer user to obtain staging, prognostic and therapeutic information relevant to patients with lung cancer is presented. The program was constructed by utilizing an inexpensive expert system development package (EXSYS). Using information from the literature, 194 rules were formulated; these rules can be expanded or updated at any time. The computer user interacting with the system is asked sequential questions regarding the characteristics of the tumor (T) of a particular patient, the nodal status (N), the presence or absence of metastasis (M), how the staging information was derived (clinically or at surgery), the tumor cell type and the therapeutic options being considered (different surgical procedures, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and others). The system selects the appropriate answers and displays the stage of the tumor and relevant prognostic information. The microcomputer user can also examine the rules that were selected by the system. These rules have relevant comments that apply to the specific condition, as well as appropriate references. The microcomputer user can change all or some of the conditions (i.e., therapeutic options) and compare the results of the various "WHAT-IF" simulations.
Roles of Eph receptors and ephrins in segmental patterning (2000)

Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their membrane-bound ligands, ephrins, have key roles in patterning and morphogenesis. Interactions between these molecules are promiscuous, but largely fall into two groups: EphA receptors bind to glycosylphosphatidyl inositol-anchored ephrin-A ligands, and EphB receptors bind to transmembrane ephrin-B proteins. Ephrin-B proteins transduce signals, such that bidirectional signalling can occur upon interaction with the Eph receptor. In many tissues, there are complementary and overlapping expression domains of interacting Eph receptors and ephrins. An important role of Eph receptors and ephrins is to mediate cell contact-dependent repulsion, and this has been implicated in the pathfinding of axons and neural crest cells, and the restriction of cell intermingling between hindbrain segments. Studies in an in vitro system show that bidirectional activation is required to prevent intermingling between cell populations, whereas unidirectional activation can restrict cell communication via gap junctions. Recent work indicates that Eph receptors can also upregulate cell adhesion, but the biochemical basis of repulsion versus adhesion responses is unclear. Eph receptors and ephrins have thus emerged as key regulators that, in parallel with cell adhesion molecules, underlie the establishment and maintenance of patterns of cellular organization.
Source Camera Identification Using Enhanced Sensor Pattern Noise (2010)

Sensor pattern noises (SPNs), extracted from digital images to serve as the fingerprints of imaging devices, have been proved as an effective way for digital device identification. However, as we demonstrate in this work, the limitation of the current method of extracting SPNs is that the SPNs extracted from images can be severely contaminated by details from scenes, and as a result, the identification rate is unsatisfactory unless images of a large size are used. In this work, we propose a novel approach for attenuating the influence of details from scenes on SPNs so as to improve the device identification rate of the identifier. The hypothesis underlying our SPN enhancement method is that the stronger a signal component in an SPN is, the less trustworthy the component should be, and thus should be attenuated. This hypothesis suggests that an enhanced SPN can be obtained by assigning weighting factors inversely proportional to the magnitude of the SPN components.
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing for prognosis in chronic heart failure: continuous and independent prognostic value from VE/VCO2slope and peak VO2 (2000)

Lower peak VO(2)implies poorer prognosis across a range of values from 10 to 20 ml. kg(-1)min(-1), without a unique threshold. Gradations of elevation of the VE/VCO(2)slope also carry prognostic information over a wide range (30-55). The two parameters are comparable in terms of prognostic power, and contribute complementary prognostic information.
Evidence for biventricular involvement in acromegaly: a Doppler echocardiographic study (1993)

To investigate left and right ventricular involvement in acromegaly, 20 patients were studied by Doppler echocardiography. Nine of them had systemic hypertension. Right ventricular free wall thickness was significantly increased in acromegalic patients (8 +/- 2 vs 4 +/- 1 mm; P < 0.001). Left ventricular mass index was augmented both in the whole group and in the subgroup of normotensive acromegalics, as compared with normals (134 +/- 33 and 115 +/- 20 vs 80 +/- 18 g.m-2; P < 0.01). Ejection phase indices were normal in the patient group, while impaired left and right ventricular diastolic filling was found. In fact isovolumic relaxation time was prolonged (118 +/- 21 vs 78 +/- 12 ms; P < 0.001), ratio of early to late mitral (0.9 +/- 0.3 vs 1.8 +/- 0.5; P < 0.001) and tricuspid (1.0 +/- 0.2 vs 1.4 +/- 0.3; P < 0.001) flow velocities were significantly decreased as compared with controls. Superior vena cava flowmetry was also abnormal showing a marked decrease of diastolic filling wave and, consequently, of the ratio between peak diastolic and peak systolic flow velocity. No significant differences were observed between normotensive and hypertensive acromegalics, except for left ventricular mass index (115 +/- 20 vs 156 +/- 31 g.m-2; P < 0.01). These findings indicate that abnormal diastolic filling patterns of transmitral, transtricuspid, and superior vena cava flowmetry suggesting 'impaired relaxation' associated with increased left and right ventricular mass, frequently occur in acromegaly.
Bedside Chest Radiography (2012)

The bedside chest x-ray (CXR) is an indispensible diagnostic tool for monitoring seriously ill patients in the intensive care unit. The CXR often reveals abnormalities that may not be detected clinically. In addition, bedside CXRs are an irreplaceable tool with which to detect the malposition of tubes and lines and to identify associated complications. Although the image quality is often limited, bedside CXRs still provide valuable diagnostic information. The interpretation of the bedside CXRs is often challenging, and requires extensive radiologic experience to avoid misinterpretation of the wide spectrum of pleural and pulmonary disease. The clinical information is of substantial value for the interpretation of the frequently nonspecific findings.
Variability of thiamine, riboflavin and niacin content in soybean seed (1989)

Abstract Because of its composition and high biological value soybean is considered the food of the future and is being used worldwide both in preparation of various dietary products and for diverse food articles. The addition of soybean and evaluation of the biological value of products is mostly based on data about the content of individual soybean components obtainable from different tables on the composition and nutritional value of food products. Therefore, within a more extensive project, investigations were carried out in our laboratory to find out how genetic and climatic factors effect the biosynthesis and accumulation of different soybean seed components and to what extent the observed differences influence the accuracy of nutritional value evaluation of food products obtained. Although the vitamin B complex is important for the growth and metabolism of living organisms, as an essential part of the enzyme system which is the basis of life processes, these vitamins are not sufficiently represented in the research concerning soybean. Except for the few authors [1–5] who studied the distribution of thiamine, Liener [6] summarizing the results of previous investigations gives the most complete account of B vitamins content in mature and immature soybean seed.
CD1 molecule expression on human monocytes induced by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (1993)

In this paper we demonstrate that granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) specifically induces the expression of CD1 molecules, CD1a, CD1b and CD1c, upon human monocytes. CD1 molecules appeared upon monocytes on day 1 of stimulation with rGM-CSF, and expression was up-regulated until day 3. Monocytes cultured in the presence of LPS, FMLP, PMA, recombinant granulocyte-CSF, rIFN-gamma, rTNF-alpha, rIL-1 alpha, rIL-1 beta, and rIL-6 remained negative. The induction of CD1 molecules by rGM-CSF was restricted to monocytes, since no such effect was observed upon peripheral blood granulocytes, PBL, and the myeloid cell lines Monomac1, Monomac6, MV4/11, HL60, U937, THP1, KG1, and KG1A. CD1a mRNA was detectable in rGM-CSF-induced monocytes but not in those freshly isolated. SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting analyses of CD1a mAb VIT6 immunoprecipitate from lysate of rGM-CSF-activated monocytes revealed an appropriate CD1a polypeptide band of 49 kDa associated with beta 2-microglobulin. Expression of CD1 molecules on monocytes complements the distribution of these structures on accessory cells, and their specific induction by GM-CSF strengthens the suggestion that CD1 is a family of crucial structures required for interaction between accessory cells and T cells.
VORTEX STRUCTURE AND OTHER PROBLEMS RELATING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEOTECTONIC SYSTEMS OF NORTHWESTERN CHINA (PART 1 OF II) (1964)

Because every structural system always occupies space and time, and because these systems are not formed by a single process, the writer feels that we must determine the time occurrence, stages of development of the system, etc., in order to analyze and to determine the conditions under which the sequential changes of the system took place. “Thus,” Li says, “we may solve … (the problems of vortex structures)…based on occurrence, development, stabilization, rejuvenation (principally expressed by fracture planes caused by further compression in the existing folded belt and by regional vertical-movement), and extinction, etc.” He feels that structural geologists should investigate further the changes during the stages of development. If this is carried out then an estimate of the changes of shape or even characteristics of the components as a result of the deformation and spread of the whole tectonic system can be determined. Although China is the central area investigated, the paper is world-wide in scope. Li discusses the general characteristics of vortex structures in this presentation of Part I. Minor vortex structures and vortex textures; medium vortex structures and the Sung-liang-shan vortex system; the megalo vortex structures — the Lung-si vortex system, the Sikiang-Tibetan system and its forerunning geosyncline — the Tsinghai-Sikang-Yunnan-Burma geosyncline, horizontal vortical movement of continental block comprise the greater portion of Part I. Discussion of the Shansi Platform ends Part I. Li states that the region of the platform is made of more-or-less south-north “eminent and lofty” continental block, which gradually rises toward the east locally with subsidence. The most important features of this platform are: Neo-Cathaysian and Meso-Cathaysian foldings, thrustings, transverse faults, and their related structures and structural remains; Tai-shan type tear faults; and Ta-I-Shan tear faults. In this closing section, Li covers the Tai-hang anteclise, the Hu-to — Fen-ho syneclise, and the Lu-lian — Hen-shan fold zone. A.W. Bellais
Tree Segmentation from Scanned Scene Data (2009)

Tree segmentation is an important step in tree reconstruction from scanned data. A new method is presented for automatic extraction of single objects from a complex scene. The proposed method can be used as a solution for tree segmentation from 3D point cloud data with few restrictions, where many complex objects are included in the scene, like trees, building, cars, and so on. The scene data is initially segmented into several small regions according to the distances between points. A weighted combination is constructed on distances and normal angles in each small region for further segmentation. The minimization of the function will be used to determine whether these regions will be merged or not. This method is tested on several data sets. Effective segmental results demonstrated that this approach could be applied to nondestructive measurements in forestry.
On the temperature dependence of point-defect-mediated luminescence in silicon (2009)

We present a model of the temperature dependence of point-defect-mediated luminescence in silicon derived from basic kinetics and semiconductor physics and based on the kinetics of bound exciton formation. The model provides a good fit to data for W line electroluminescence and G line photoluminescence in silicon. Strategies are discussed for extending luminescence to room temperature.
Cytokine and growth factor profiling in patients with the metabolic syndrome (2015)

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with a pro-inflammatory milieu that may partially account for its association with an increased cardiovascular risk. We aimed to (1) evaluate the serum concentrations of twelve cytokines and growth factors (epidermal growth factor (EGF), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-1α/-1β/-2/-4/-6/-8/-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), TNF-α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) in 303 individuals with or without the MetS; and (2) explore their relationship with the presence of the MetS. Patients with the MetS had significantly higher serum concentrations of IFN-γ, EGF, IL-1α/-1β/-2/-4/-6/-8/-10, MCP-1 and TNF-α, whilst serum VEGF concentrations were markedly lower compared with the control group (e.g. 38·55 v. 82·18 pg/ml; P< 0·05). Amongst these parameters, IFN-γ and IL-1α emerged as the most significant independent predictors of the MetS. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that patients with the MetS had an altered blood cytokine and growth factor profile that may partially account for its adverse clinical outcomes. Further prospective studies in larger multi-centre settings are required to unravel the role and association of the emerging biomarkers with the MetS and their implication in therapeutic intervention.
Monitoring HVDC systems using wavelet multi-resolution analysis (2001)

The paper presents a disturbance classification technique based on wavelet multi-resolution analysis. The wavelet multi-resolution transform is introduced as a tool for providing discriminative, translation-invariant features with small dimensions to classify different disturbances in an HVDC transmission system. The proposed method extracts features from signals monitored on both DC and AC sides of the HVDC system. It is shown that monitored signals show promising features that can classify different disturbances that may occur anywhere in the HVDC system.
Relative direction determination in mobile computing networks (2002)

A novel relative direction determination method is presented for stations of mobile computing networks. The method uses a switched beam array for determining the direction of arrival (DOA) of the incident electromagnetic field in a time efficient way, in order to confront the strict timing requirements of packet switching networks. Additionally, the method associates certain MAC layer functions with different radiation patterns of the switched antenna array, in order to determine the orientation of directional beams on both sides of a communication link. The application of the method to an IEEE802.11 wireless network is presented and it is shown how the use of the method optimizes the network performance without requiring any modifications to the existing MAC protocol.
The Production of Elemental Boron by Fused Salt Electrolysis (1992)

Abstract The preparation of elemental boron by fused salt electrowinning from KCI-KF-KBF4 electrolyte and electro extraction from soluble B4C anodes in NaCI-KF-KBF4 melt have been investigated. The influence of process parameters such as bath composition, temperature and current density on the quality and yield of the electrodeposited born have been studied.
Inherent polarization entanglement generated from a monolithic semiconductor chip (2013)

Creating miniature chip scale implementations of optical quantum information protocols is a dream for many in the quantum optics community. This is largely because of the promise of stability and scalability. Here we present a monolithically integratable chip architecture upon which is built a photonic device primitive called a Bragg reflection waveguide (BRW). Implemented in gallium arsenide, we show that, via the process of spontaneous parametric down conversion, the BRW is capable of directly producing polarization entangled photons without additional path difference compensation, spectral filtering or post-selection. After splitting the twin-photons immediately after they emerge from the chip, we perform a variety of correlation tests on the photon pairs and show non-classical behaviour in their polarization. Combined with the BRW's versatile architecture our results signify the BRW design as a serious contender on which to build large scale implementations of optical quantum processing devices.
A Field Bioassay to Evaluate Potential Spatial Repellents Against Natural Mosquito Populations (2012)

A field bioassay evaluating candidate chemicals as aerial repellents was developed and evaluated against natural mosquito populations in Beltsville, MD. The bioassay consisted of an attractive source surrounded by a grid of 16 septa containing a volatile candidate aerial repellent, compared with an attractive source without such a grid. The attractive source was a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention light trap supplemented with carbon dioxide. Significant sources of variation included weather, position, and the differential response of mosquito species. Despite these sources of variation, significant repellent responses were obtained for catnip oil, E,Z-dihydronepetalactone, and DEET.