gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Characterization of Hemagglutination Domains on the Fibers of Subgenus D Adenoviruses (1998)

The adenovirus fiber mediates the agglutination of erythrocytes. Based on differential hemagglutinating properties, subgenus D adenoviruses can be subdivided into clusters DI, DII, and DIII. While subgenus DI adenoviruses agglutinate rat and human erythrocytes, DII adenoviruses simply agglutinate rat erythrocytes and DIII adenoviruses display no or only weak rat erythrocyte agglutination. Amino acid sequence comparisons revealed distinct domains on the fiber knob which could be involved in hemagglutination. In order to localize and characterize the domains responsible for the interaction with rat and human erythrocytes, potential hemagglutination domains of the adenovirus type 9 (Ad9) (subgenus DI) fiber knob were introduced into Ad17 (subgenus DII) and Ad28 (subgenus DIII) fiber knobs by primer-directed mutagenesis. Furthermore, rat erythrocyte hemagglutination domains were also introduced into the Ad3 (subgenus B) fiber knob, which only agglutinated monkey erythrocytes. Altogether, 27 chimeric and mutated fiber proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli and subsequently tested for hemagglutination activity. The hemagglutination tests revealed that at least two domains can mediate the agglutination of rat erythrocytes. While one domain is located on the GH loop, the other domain extends from the C beta strand to the CD loop. The domain on the GH loop was partially conserved in all adenoviruses showing an incomplete hemagglutination pattern with rat erythrocytes. The domains involved in the agglutination of human erythrocytes are located on the CD and HI loops of the subgenus DI fiber knob.
Room-Temperature Fast Construction of Outperformed ZnO Nanoarchitectures on Nanowire-Array Templates for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2013)

A ZnO nanoarchitecture composed of nanocactus (NCs) and nanosheets (NSs) is constructed on the ZnO-nanowire (NW)-array template within 4 min by a facile room-temperature (RT) chemical bath deposition (CBD) for use in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Compared to the ZnO NW array, the spines and shells of NCs provide larger and more fitting surface for dye adsorption. The NSs developed on the top and side walls of the NWs afford the additional surface for dye adsorption as well as for light scattering. Moreover, the RT-grown ZnO nanostructures possess an upward-shifted conduction band edge and a fast electron transport rate compared to the primary ZnO NW array. With an anode thickness of 9 μm, an efficiency of 5.14% is therefore simply attained in the D149-sensitized ZnO NC-NS DSSC.
Internal Location Based System for Mobile Devices Using Passive RFID (2010)

We have explored our own innovative work about the design & development of internal location-identification system for mobile devices based on integration of RFID and wireless technology. The function of our system is based on strategically located passive RFID tags placed on objects around building which are identified using an RFID reader attached to a mobile device. The mobile device reads the RFID tag and through the wireless network, sends the request to the server. The server resolves the request and sends the desired location-based information back to the mobile device. We had addressed that we can go through the RFID technology for internal location identification (indoor), which provides us better location accuracy because of no contact between the tag and the reader, and the system requires no line of sight. In this paper we had also focused on the issues of RFID technologies i.e. Non-line-of-sight & High inventory speeds.
Specification and verification of real-time systems using ACSR-VP (2002)

The reliability of the design of a real-time system is important. For example, when there are errors in avionics control systems or nuclear reactor control systems, the loss of finance, time or even the loss of human lives could be enormous. Therefore when one designs a real-time system, methods to guarantee the correctness of the system are needed before the implementation of the system. We specify a scheduling algorithm of real-time systems called priority ceiling protocol using ACSR-VP and perform schedulability analysis on real-time systems by checking for a bisimulation relation.
Effects of direct and pulse current on copper electrodeposition through photoresist molds (2000)

In this paper, electrodeposition of copper films and copper lines with direct and pulse currents is compared. In the first step, electrical and physicochemical characterizations of the copper films are realized, and the optimized electrodeposition parameters are so determined. The use of pulse reverse current is also investigated. In the second step, these parameters are applied to micromolding. Copper lines are electro-deposited and compared in order to determine the more suitable current mode for micromolding.
Hemopressin is an inverse agonist of CB <sub>1</sub> cannabinoid receptors (2007)

To date, the endogenous ligands described for cannabinoid receptors have been derived from membrane lipids. To identify a peptide ligand for CB(1) cannabinoid receptors, we used the recently described conformation-state sensitive antibodies and screened a panel of endogenous peptides from rodent brain or adipose tissue. This led to the identification of hemopressin (PVNFKFLSH) as a peptide ligand that selectively binds CB(1) cannabinoid receptors. We find that hemopressin is a CB(1) receptor-selective antagonist, because it is able to efficiently block signaling by CB(1) receptors but not by other members of family A G protein-coupled receptors (including the closely related CB(2) receptors). Hemopressin also behaves as an inverse agonist of CB(1) receptors, because it is able to block the constitutive activity of these receptors to the same extent as its well characterized antagonist, rimonabant. Finally, we examine the activity of hemopressin in vivo using different models of pain and find that it exhibits antinociceptive effects when administered by either intrathecal, intraplantar, or oral routes, underscoring hemopressin's therapeutic potential. These results represent a demonstration of a peptide ligand for CB(1) cannabinoid receptors that also exhibits analgesic properties. These findings are likely to have a profound impact on the development of novel therapeutics targeting CB(1) receptors.
Experimental study of the sound emitted by water drops impacting on a water surface (1988)

An undergraduate-level experiment is described for studying the sound emitted as a liquid drop falls into a water bath. The falling drop intercepts a light beam which, after a preset delay, triggers a flash gun and an oscilloscope. This allows simultaneous photographs of the impact and oscilloscope traces of the sounds picked up by a microphone and hydrophone to be obtained. Such studies show that most of the sound emission originates from radial oscillations of an air-filled bubble lying within the bulk of the liquid and created by the impacting drop. The observed dependence of emission frequency on bubble radius agrees with that predicted by Minnaert's formula. In addition a small low-frequency signal is recorded as the drop strikes the surface, before the detachment of the bubble. Most of this latter signal is thought to be a near-field effect.
The Contamination of Semiconductor Surfaces (1961)

A mechanism for the deposition of metallic ions from solution on the III – V intermetallics gallium arsenide and indium antimonide is presented. Those ions whose metal‐metal ion couple lies below the electrochemical potential of the semiconductor will be physically adsorbed. This adsorption is a reversible process, following a Freundlich isotherm, and requires fairly high concentrations of impurity in solution to effect serious contamination. Those ions whose metal‐ metal ion couple lies above the electrochemical potential of the semiconductor will be electrochemically deposited on the surface. This deposition is irreversible and serious surface contamination results from fractional ppm concentrations of these metal ions in solution. The effect of both these types of impurity deposition on semiconductor devices is discussed.
Organic and mineral composition of Gomeya (cow dung) from Desi and crossbred cows – A comparative study (2007)

Gomeya (cow dung) from desi (non-descript Indian) and crossbred cows was compared for their organic and mineral composition. For this purpose, samples of the cow dung were collected from a herd of healthy crossbred and desi cows from a private dairy of Bareilly (India). These animals were fed a common basal diet comprised of concentrate mixture (CM) and wheat straw (WS) in 30:70 ratio. Concentrate mixture contained wheat bran (800 g/kg) and mustard cake (200 g/kg). Collection of cow dung samples was done continuously for 6 days after 21 days of controlled experimental feeding. Chemical composition of the cow dung revealed that while there was no difference in the organic matter (OM), nitrogen (N) and manganese (Mn) contents in the two types of cow dung, contents of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) were higher by 10.8, 8.0, 84.1 and 21.7 percent in the dung of desi cows as compared to that of crossbred cows.
A Three-Phase Inductively Coupled Power Transfer System (2006)

This paper discusses the development of a new three phase bipolar inductively coupled power transfer (ICPT) system for improving the power profile across the width of a roadway surface for automatic guided vehicles (AGVs) and people mover systems. A prototype system was constructed that supplies 40 Amperes per phase into a thirteen meter long track to supply power to a number of moving vehicles (toy cars). Flat pick-ups are used on the underside of the vehicle and FEM software was successfully used to determine a suitable geometrical position for the cables in the track resulting in a considerably wider power delivery zone than possible using a single-phase track layout. Mutual coupling effects between the various track phases, requires additional compensation to be added to ensure balanced three-phase currents. Experimental tests verified simulation results with a high degree of accuracy
L'état actuel des modèles de gestion de la production porcine (1971)

L'auteur présente les principales contributions des économistes agricoles français en matière de simulation des systèmes de production porcine. Jusqu'à présent ce sont des travaux relativement parcellaires, n'englobant pas les relations du système de production avec l'environnement de l'aval.
Effective Thermal Conductivity of Graphite Materials with Cracks (2004)

The dependence of effective thermal diffusivity on temperature caused by volumetric cracks is modelled for macroscopic graphite samples using the three-dimensional thermomechanics code Pegasus-3D. At high off-normal heat loads typical of the divertor armour, thermostress due to the anisotropy of graphite grains is much larger than that due to the temperature gradient. Numerical simulation demonstrated that the volumetric crack density both in fine grain graphites and in the CFC matrix depends mainly on the local sample temperature, not on the temperature gradient. This allows to define an effective thermal diffusivity for graphite with cracks. The results obtained are used to explain intense cracking and particle release from carbon based materials under electron beam heat load. Decrease of graphite thermal diffusivity with increase of the crack density explains particle release mechanism in the experiments with CFC where a clear energy threshold for the onset of particle release has been observed in J. Linke et al, Fusion Eng. Design, in press, Bazyler et al, these proceedings. Surface temperature measurement is necessary to calibrate the Pegasus-3D code for simulation of ITER divertor armour brittle destruction.
Reduced graphene oxide-CoFe2O4 composites for supercapacitor electrode (2013)

Reduced graphene oxide-CoFe2O4 (RGO-CoFe2O4) composite for supercapacitor electrodes has been investigated. On the basis of the morphological and structural characterization of the sample by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, the electrochemical performances of the sample were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry in 0.50 mol L−1 Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte. It was shown that the specific capacitance (123.2 F g−1) of RGO-CoFe2O4 composite was highly improved compared with that of RGO (89.9 F g−1), GO-CoFe2O4 (21.1 F g−1) and CoFe2O4 (18.7 F g−1) at the current density of 5 mA cm−2. The capacitance retention of about 78.1% for RGO-CoFe2O4 after 1000 cycles indicated that it has high cycle stability.
Embryogenesis of the Dermis in Human Skin (1986)

The process of human dermal development has been examined from the stage of the embryonic mesenchymal dermis (5-8 weeks of gestation) through the formation of the fibrous dermal connective (end of the first trimester), and during the growth of the fetal dermis (second and third trimesters) until birth. The elaboration of dermal organization and the overall increase in dermal thickness, largely consequences of extracellular, fibrous matrix accumulation, parallel the development and growth of the fetus as a whole. Although the mechanisms that determine the formation of the connective tissue architecture are not fully understood, the structural, histochemical, and biochemical changes that occur throughout development suggest processes that may be important in human dermal embryogenesis.
Bimetallic Cyanide-Bridged Coordination Polymers as Lithium Ion Cathode Materials: Core@Shell Nanoparticles with Enhanced Cyclability (2013)

Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) have recently been proposed as electrode materials for low-cost, long-cycle-life, and high-power batteries. However, high-capacity bimetallic examples show poor cycle stability due to surface instabilities of the reduced states. The present work demonstrates that, relative to single-component materials, higher capacity and longer cycle stability are achieved when using Prussian blue analogue core@shell particle heterostructures as the cathode material for Li-ion storage. Particle heterostructures with a size dispersion centered at 210 nm composed of a high-capacity K(0.1)Cu[Fe(CN)(6)](0.7)·3.8H(2)O (CuFe-PBA) core and lower capacity but highly stable shell of K(0.1)Ni[Fe(CN)(6)](0.7)·4.1H(2)O have been prepared and characterized. The heterostructures lead to the coexistence of both high capacity and long cycle stability because the shell protects the otherwise reactive surface of the highly reduced state of the CuFe-PBA core. Furthermore, interfacial coupling to the shell suppresses a known structural phase transition in the CuFe-PBA core, providing further evidence of synergy between the core and shell. The structure and chemical state of the heterostructure during electrochemical cycling have been monitored with ex situ X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption experiments and compared to the behavior of the individual components.
Comparative study of auxetic geometries by means of computer-aided design and engineering (2012)

Auxetic materials (or metamaterials) are those with a negative Poisson ratio (NPR) and display the unexpected property of lateral expansion when stretched, as well as an equal and opposing densification when compressed. Such geometries are being progressively employed in the development of novel products, especially in the fields of intelligent expandable actuators, shape morphing structures and minimally invasive implantable devices. Although several auxetic and potentially auxetic geometries have been summarized in previous reviews and research, precise information regarding relevant properties for design tasks is not always provided.\n\n\t\t\t\t In this study we present a comparative study of two-dimensional and three-dimensional auxetic geometries carried out by means of computer-aided design and engineering tools (from now on CAD–CAE). The first part of the study is focused on the development of a CAD library of auxetics. Once the library is developed we simulate the behavior of the different auxetic geometries and elaborate a systematic comparison, considering relevant properties of these geometries, such as Poisson ratio(s), maximum volume or area reductions attainable and equivalent Young's modulus, hoping it may provide useful information for future designs of devices based on these interesting structures.
New Permanent Magnet Materials Containing Rare-Earth Metals (1969)

Previously, most basic magnetic properties of the hexagonal intermetallic compounds involving the rare-earth (RE) and 3-d transition elements were reported in the literature. In addition, some of these compounds were investigated by various workers for permanent magnet properties by grinding ingots of the compounds into very fine powder. Recently, we discovered new permanent magnet materials which were based mostly on the hexagonal intermetallic compounds Co5RE. Replacement of cobalt with copper in some of these rare-earth compounds resulted in solid materials having substantial permanent magnet properties. An outstanding feature of these alloys is their high value of intrinsic coercive force. High-energy product alloys were found in the Co5−xCuxSm and Co5−xCoxCe systems with iron additions. Small pieces of Co3.5Fe0.4Cu1.35Sm exhibited BR=6450 G, BHC=4000 Oe, and (BH)m=9×105 G Oe. Also, small pieces of Co3.5Fe0.5CuCe exhibited BR=5100 G, BHC=3500 Oe, and (BH)m=5.2×106 G Oe. In general, these alloys are prepared by inert-electrode arc melting, resulting in a relatively rapid freezing from the molten state. The samples are then given a low-temperature anneal. Cross sections of the specimens show microstructural directionality which is a result of freezing in a direction normal to the cold surface of the hearth. These directional effects appear to be associated with the directional magnetic properties that are important because of the high crystal anisotropy of the alloys. When a specimen of the composition Co3.45Fe0.25Cu1.35Sm was annealed at 1100°C and examined by optical-microscope and electron-probe techniques, particles rich in Co5Sm were observed to be embedded in a Cu5Sm-rich matrix. The iron appeared largely in the cobalt-rich phase. The cobalt-rich particles were approximately 2.5×10 μ. Further work is in progress to improve directional properties and thus further improve the magnetic properties.
Stereotypic and self‐injurious behavior in rhesus macaques: A survey and retrospective analysis of environment and early experience (2003)

Abnormal behavior in captive rhesus monkeys can range from active whole-body and self-directed stereotypies to self-injurious behavior (SIB). Although abnormal behaviors are common in singly-housed rhesus monkeys, the type and frequency of these behaviors are highly variable across individual animals, and the factors influencing them are equally varied. The purpose of this investigation was to survey abnormal behavior in a large population of rhesus macaques, to characterize the relationship between stereotypies and self-injury, and to identify potential risk factors for these aberrant behaviors. Behavioral assessments of 362 individually housed rhesus monkeys were collected at the New England Regional Primate Research Center (NERPRC) and combined with colony records. Of the 362 animals surveyed, 321 exhibited at least one abnormal behavior (mean: 2.3, range: 1-8). The most common behavior was pacing. Sex differences were apparent, with males showing more abnormal behavior than females. SIB was also associated with stereotypies. Animals with a veterinary record of self-injury exhibited a greater number of self-directed stereotypies than those that did not self-injure. Housing and protocol conditions, such as individual housing at an early age, longer time housed individually, greater number of blood draws, and nursery rearing, were shown to be risk factors for abnormal behavior. Thus, many factors may influence the development and maintenance of abnormal behavior in captive primates. Some of these factors are intrinsic to the individual (e.g., sex effects), whereas others are related to colony management practices, rearing conditions, and research protocols.
Restoration of Blood Total Glutathione Status and Lymphocyte Function Following <i>α</i> -Lipoic Acid Supplementation in Patients with HIV Infection (2008)

Supplementation with alpha-lipoic acid may positively impact patients with HIV and acquired immune deficiency syndrome by restoring blood total glutathione level and improving functional reactivity of lymphocytes to T-cell mitogens.
A Preliminary Investigation of Caudal Fin Shape Effects on Thrust and Power of a Newly Designed Robotic Tuna (2017)

Thunniform swimmers are known to travel at high speeds for long periods of time and at high hydrodynamic efficiency. Thus, there is a great deal of interest in their swimming physics. In order to better understand these physics, a newly designed robotic tuna was constructed that allows for interchangeable caudal fins. This robot was put in a water tunnel and tested at tail beat frequencies ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 Hz and at freestreams of 0, 0.2, and 0.4 m/s. A lever assembly was used to transmit thrust force to a load cell, and power was calculated using data from current sensors. Preliminary results suggest that swept caudal fins produce more thrust and are more efficient than trapezoidal fins at higher freestreams while the opposite is true at lower freestreams. However, several induction factors need to be resolved before more confident assertions can be made.
Leuprolide Acetate Release Study from γ-Irradiated PLGA-based In Situ Forming System (2017)

Accordingly, leuprolide acetate was released faster from the irradiated matrix compared to the non- irradiated matrix.
Digital image subtraction of temporally sequential chest images by rib image elimination (2002)

We studied image subtraction of temporally sequential chest images by rib image elimination. The image subtraction presents clinically useful information related to interval changes in chest images. Clinical chest images are not usually reproducible in terms of patient positioning, X-ray projection, inspiration, cardiac pulsation, etc. A proper image registration is needed prior to the subtraction. An image registration method by nonlinear warping was suggested [A. Kano et al., 1994]. In the method, template regions of interest and the corresponding search area regions of interest are selected in the lung areas on the two images. The method provides an improper image registration for some pairs of temporally sequential images. One of the reasons for the improper image registration is the difference between the shifts of lung and rib by inspiration. Some pairs of temporally sequential chest images show large difference of lung position in the pairs in spite of small difference of rib position in the pairs. In this case, the method does not provide a proper image registration. To get the proper image registration of the temporally sequential images with different position changes for the rib and lung, we eliminated rib images from the chest images assuming that the contribution of rib to the chest image is uniform. The nonlinear warping was then applied to the rib eliminating images leading to the properly registered images and enhanced interval changes.