gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid, colorimetric method for the detection of microorganisms in blood culture (1985)

A semiautomated instrument (Septi-Screen) and method are described that semiquantify bacteria colorimetrically in blood-inoculated cultures in 2 to 8 h. If the blood culture is positive, concentrates (of viable bacteria) are obtained free of blood cells. In pediatric cases and in septicemia attributed to indwelling catheters where bacteremia is often manifested by high bacterial counts, the total time required to obtain bacterial concentrates is only 2 to 3 h. In brief, at various intervals after inoculation of 10 ml of blood into 100 ml of culture fluid, 25-ml blood culture samples are passed through the Septi-Filter. Erythrocytes and leukocytes pass into the filtrate and are discarded, but bacteria are electrostatically retained on the filter surface. The entrapped bacteria are backflushed and recovered as a concentrate that is processed through a second filter (Septi-Count) for colorimetric quantitation. The bacteria are stained, and the filter fibers are decolorized. The color intensity of the filter surface is proportional to the number of bacteria in the concentrate processed. The total Septi-Screen processing time is 3 to 5 min.
Tamper Detection Based on Regularity of Wavelet Transform Coefficients (2007)

Powerful digital media editing tools make producing good quality forgeries very easy for almost anyone. Therefore, proving the authenticity and integrity of digital media becomes increasingly important. In this work, we propose a simple method to detect image tampering operations that involve sharpness/blurriness adjustment. Our approach is based on the assumption that if a digital image undergoes a copy-paste type of forgery, average sharpness/blurriness value of the forged region is expected to be different as compared to the non-tampered parts of the image. The method of estimating sharpness/blurriness value of an image is based on the regularity properties of wavelet transform coefficients which involves measuring the decay of wavelet transform coefficients across scales. Our preliminary results show that the estimated sharpness/blurriness scores can be used to identify tampered areas of the image.
Cigarette Smoking Decreases Global MicroRNA Expression in Human Alveolar Macrophages (2012)

Human alveolar macrophages are critical components of the innate immune system. Cigarette smoking-induced changes in alveolar macrophage gene expression are linked to reduced resistance to pulmonary infections and to the development of emphysema/COPD. We hypothesized that microRNAs (miRNAs) could control, in part, the unique messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles found in alveolar macrophages of cigarette smokers. Activation of macrophages with different stimuli in vitro leads to a diverse range of M1 (inflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) polarized phenotypes that are thought to mimic activated macrophages in distinct tissue environments. Microarray mRNA data indicated that smoking promoted an "inverse" M1 mRNA expression program, defined by decreased expression of M1-induced transcripts and increased expression of M1-repressed transcripts with few changes in M2-regulated transcripts. RT-PCR arrays identified altered expression of many miRNAs in alveolar macrophages of smokers and a decrease in global miRNA abundance. Stratification of human subjects suggested that the magnitude of the global decrease in miRNA abundance was associated with smoking history. We found that many of the miRNAs with reduced expression in alveolar macrophages of smokers were predicted to target mRNAs upregulated in alveolar macrophages of smokers. For example, miR-452 is predicted to target the transcript encoding MMP12, an important effector of smoking-related diseases. Experimental antagonism of miR-452 in differentiated monocytic cells resulted in increased expression of MMP12. The comprehensive mRNA and miRNA expression profiles described here provide insight into gene expression regulation that may underlie the adverse effects cigarette smoking has on alveolar macrophages.
Control of Olefin Geometry in Macrocyclic Ring-Closing Metathesis Using a Removable Silyl Group (2011)

Introducing a silyl group at one of the internal olefin positions in diolefinic substrates results in E-selective olefin formation in macrocyclic ring-forming metathesis. The application of this method to a range of macrocyclic (E)-alkenylsiloxanes is described. Protodesilylation of alkenylsiloxane products yields novel Z-configured macrocycles.
Long Term Results of Electrode Implantation and Electronic Stimulation of the Cochlea in Man (1973)

Electronic stimulation of hearing sensation has been achieved and tested in one patient over a period of three years. The results are encouraging and warrant more widespread testing and development of this method of rehabilitation of totally deaf patients.
An algorithm for score aggregation over causal biological networks based on random walk sampling (2014)

The SST algorithm provides a practical means of aggregating nodal values over causally inconsistent network models based on solid mathematical foundations. We showed its utility in systems biology, where the nodal values can be perturbation amplitudes of protein activities or gene differential expressions, while the networks can be models of cellular signaling or expression regulation. Since the SST algorithm is based on general graph-theoretical considerations, it is scalable to arbitrary graph sizes and can potentially be used for performing quantitative analyses in any context involving signed graphs.
Picowatt gas sensing and resistance switching in tunneling nano-gap electrodes (2016)

Functionalized engineered nanogap electrodes (pair of electrodes separated by a gap of a few nanometers) are utilized as tunneling chemoresistors for gas sensing and resistance switching at the molecular scale. The nanogap device consists of two gold electrodes vertically separated by a very thin spacer of 2 nm of α-Si and ~4 nm of dielectric (SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> or Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ). A ~10 nm wide sidewall air gap is formed by etching the spacer along the edge of the electrodes followed by linker functionalization. After exposure to a gaseous chemical target (1,5-Diaminopentane), the target gas molecules adsorb onto the linker-coated surface bridging the two electrodes and establish an electrically conductive path. Preliminary electrical measurements indicate a nearly reversible decrease of electrical resistance between five to seven orders of magnitude when exposed to the target. The large change in resistance and the high value of resistance in air makes this device suitable as a candidate for a gas-triggered on-off switch with pW standby power consumption.
COMPACT PRINTED FOUR-ELEMENT MIMO ANTENNA SYSTEM FOR LTE/ISM OPERATIONS (2015)

A novel four-element multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system for LTE 2300 and 2.45 GHz ISM applications is presented. The total size of the proposed MIMO antenna system is 34 mm × 18 mm, and the whole antenna system has a wide working bandwidth of 350 MHz (2.19- 2.54 GHz). The measured isolation between antenna elements is higher than 15 dB with a close edge- to-edge separation of 0.03λ. Correlation coefficient of the MIMO antenna system is lower than 0.12, which can meet the requirements of 4G wireless systems.
Digital car audio system (1993)

A real-time digital car audio system which uses digital signal processing algorithms for frequency response equalization, stereo image adjustment, dynamic range compression, and surround processing is described. This digital car audio system can be used to compensate degradation in sound quality caused by the acoustic environment and background noise. A significant improvement in the quality and sound reproduction in cars can thus be achieved. The hardware and software of the system are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Gene Therapy as a Therapeutic Intervention for Vascular Disease (1999)

Gene therapy for the treatment of many medical problems, including vascular disease, has become the subject of increasing discussion in both the scientific literature and the national press over the past decade. This review will examine the history and current status of gene therapy for vascular proliferative disorders and advanced chronic peripheral and cardiac ischemia.
An analytical framework to characterize the efficiency and delay in a mobile data offloading system (2014)

Smart mobile devices are generating a tremendous amount of data traffic that is putting stress on even the most advanced cellular networks. Delayed offloading has recently been proposed as an efficient mechanism to substantially alleviate this stress. The idea is simple. It allows a mobile device to delay transmission of data packets for a certain amount of time, while it searches WiFi (or similarly femtocell) networks to offload the data during the time. When the time expires, it completes the remaining portion of the delayed transmission through the cellular network that is available at the moment. In this paper, we develop an analytical framework using an embedded Markov process for the delayed offloading system. We provide a closed-form expression for estimating how much data generated by the users can be offloaded to WiFi networks from cellular networks even when there are non-Markovian data arrivals and service interruptions. We conduct extensive numerical studies with various ranges of delay, service interruption time, arrived data, and service rate. These numerical studies show that the current deployment of WiFi networks measured from a metropolitan city is capable of offloading about 80% of the generated data with 30 minutes of delay and 1 Mbps of WiFi data rate, but increasing the data rate does not help improve the amount of offloading. Further studies using this framework on two new deployment strategies of WiFi networks give guidance on how to upgrade WiFi networks by revealing that the amount of offloading for 30 minutes of delay and 1 Mbps of data rate can be drastically improved to about 90% or 98% according to the strategy.
ON THE OPTIMAL AND SUBOPTIMAL POSITION AND VELOCITY CONTROL OF A STRING OF HIGH-SPEED MOVING TRAINS (1966)

The study was motivated by the interest in developing a high-speed ground-transport (HSGT) system for the Northeast Corridor. The report contains general methods for controlling the spacing, velocity, and acceleration of individual vehicles in a tightly-packed string of high-speed trains. The control of vehicles moving in a string can be divided into four functions: The control of the starting and stopping operations; The injection and ejection of vehicles from the main guideway; The normal operation of a string of vehicles (far from stations) at essentially constant velocity and separation; and the control in emergency situations. (Author)
Heterodyne Holographic Interferometry (1986)

A write/readout system is described for double pulsed holograms. The write subsystem utilizes rapidly addressable, angularly resolved reference beams. The readout subsystem is based on heterodyne interferometry. Several readout configurations are discussed, each with advantages for various holograms. Finally,a system is discussed to provide rapid writing and readout of wavefronts stored on the hologram.
Stair ascent with an innovative microprocessor-controlled exoprosthetic knee joint (2012)

Climbing stairs can pose a major challenge for above-knee amputees as a result of compromised motor performance and limitations to prosthetic design. A new, innovative microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee joint, the Genium, incorporates a function that allows an above-knee amputee to climb stairs step over step. To execute this function, a number of different sensors and complex switching algorithms were integrated into the prosthetic knee joint. The function is intuitive for the user. A biomechanical study was conducted to assess objective gait measurements and calculate joint kinematics and kinetics as subjects ascended stairs. Results demonstrated that climbing stairs step over step is more biomechanically efficient for an amputee using the Genium prosthetic knee than the previously possible conventional method where the extended prosthesis is trailed as the amputee executes one or two steps at a time. There is a natural amount of stress on the residual musculoskeletal system, and it has been shown that the healthy contralateral side supports the movements of the amputated side. The mechanical power that the healthy contralateral knee joint needs to generate during the extension phase is also reduced. Similarly, there is near normal loading of the hip joint on the amputated side.
The uniqueness of the Butler matrix as a commutating switch (1971)

It is shown that the Butler matrix is the only <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> input, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> output network with the property that its output currents can be permuted cyclically by varying the phases of its input currents.
Self-State of Nurses in Caring for Sars Survivors (2006)

The aim of this study was to analyze nurses' experiences of role strain when taking care of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). We adopted an interpretive/ constructivist paradigm. Twenty-one nurses who had taken care of SARS patients were interviewed in focus groups. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The self-state of nurses during the SARS outbreak evolved into that of professional self as: (1) self-preservation; (2) self-mirroring; and (3) self-transcendence. The relationship between self-state and reflective practice is discussed.
Application of phenylboronic acid modified hydrogel affinity chips for high‐throughput mass spectrometric analysis of glycated proteins (2006)

The complexity of the human plasma proteome is greatly increased by post-translational modifications. Besides physiological modifications, pathological conditions such as diabetes are responsible for adding to this complexity by producing advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). When searching for specific biomarkers it is a prerequisite to reduce this complexity prior to analysis. To do this, agarose hydrogel was used to create a high-capacity affinity layer on the modified aluminum surface of MALDI (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization) targets. 3-Aminophenylboronic acid was immobilized via cyanogen bromide activation as a ligand for affinity sorption of glycated proteins, followed by their direct detection by MALDI. High protein capacity of prepared MALDI chips, efficient separation and low non-specific protein binding were demonstrated. The results show that phenylboronic acid modified hydrogels are very suitable for creating affinity surfaces for the high-throughput analysis of AGEs.
Power-Performance Tradeoffs in Wide Dynamic Range Image Sensors with Multiple Reset Approach (2011)

A variety of solutions for widening the dynamic range (DR) of CMOS image sensors have been proposed throughout the years. These solutions can be categorized into different groups according to the principle used for DR widening. One of the methods, which is based on autonomous control over the integration time, was implemented by our group. We proposed the multiple resets algorithm, which was successfully implemented in three generations of WDR image sensors. While achieving the same goal of widening the DR of the sensor, each of the implemented imagers had a different architecture, and therefore presented different performance and power figures. This paper reviews designs of the aforementioned sensors and presents a comprehensive analysis of their power consumption. Power-performance tradeoffs are also discussed. Advantages and disadvantages of each sensor are presented.
Chromogenic detection of nerve agent mimics (2008)

A new chromogenic protocol for the selective detection of nerve agent mimics is reported.
Spectral Intensities of the Trivalent Lanthanides and Actinides in Solution. II. Pm3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, and Ho3+ (1968)

We have correlated the experimentally determined band intensities in the solution absorption spectra of the trivalent lanthanides with a theoretical expression derived by Judd. The spectra were measured in a single medium, dilute acid solution, and, in most cases, in the range ≈6000–50 000 cm−1. In general, the correlation between calculated and observed intensities was very good, even at higher energies. The variation of the intensity parameters over the series is discussed as is the somewhat unexpected degree of correlation obtained in the ultraviolet region.
Reproduction and sera embryotoxicity after immunization of monkeys with the laminin peptides YIGSR, RGD, and IKVAV. (1995)

Monkeys with excellent reproductive histories were immunized with the laminin peptides YIGSR, RGD, IKVAV, and YD, a control sequence with no known biological function. Sera from the YIGSR-immunized monkey became toxic, causing neural tube defects in whole rat embryo cultures, and this monkey experienced fetal loss after immunization. Sera from the RGD-immunized monkey also became embryotoxic in culture after immunization, but this monkey appeared to become infertile as she failed to initiate a pregnancy for at least 2 years after immunization. In contrast, embryos cultured on sera from the IKVAV- or YD-immunized monkeys were predominantly normal and both monkeys completed successful pregnancies. Antibody levels to the respective peptides or to laminin were not predictive of embryotoxicity, but antibody binding to homogenized yolk sacs as well as to yolk sacs of cultured embryos was associated with sera embryotoxicity and reproductive outcomes in vivo. These observations suggested that the laminin sequences YIGSR and RGD may play a role in immune-mediated reproductive failure by reacting directly with embryonic tissue and could provide a basis for identifying individuals at risk for both spontaneous abortion and infertility.
Aerosol transport model for atomic spectrometry (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAerosol transport model for atomic spectrometryRichard F. Browner, Andrew W. Boorn, and David D. SmithCite this: Anal. Chem. 1982, 54, 8, 1411–1419Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00245a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00245a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views232Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High Pressure Thermal Analysis of Synthetic Lubricating Oils (Part 1) (1981)

This paper deals with the investigation on the thermal oxidation stability and ignition temperature of synthetic lubricants (Fig. 2, point E) which were determined by high-pressure differential thermal analysis.The exothermic starting temperature (Fig. 2, point D) of synthetic and mineral oils in air under high-pressure stood good correation with the oxygen absorption of the oils as shown in Fig. 4. The thermal analysis data of several kind of these oils are shown in Table 1 which gave the following facts.(1) Phosphates, silicones and polyphenyl ethers are good fire-resistant fluids and they have good oxidation stability.(2) Polyol esters, diesters, phthalates, trimellitate estera, alkylated diphenyl ethers (ADPE) and alkylated naphthalenes (ANP) are oxidation-stable fluids.(3) A thermal stabilities of polybutene, polyglicol, silicate esters and chlorinated parafpins are not so good as these of mineral oils.The fire-resistance of phosphates and silicones increase with increase of the content of aryl group in the molecule. Alkylated phosphates and silicones show lower oxidation stability, resulting from the rapid abstraction of the secondary hydrogen atom from the alkyl chain (Tables 2 and 3).As can be seen in Tables 4, 5 and 6, phthalates, diesters and polyol esters possess lower oxidation reactivity than that of mineral oils. The order of oxidation stability of these esters is polyol esters phthalates diesters. Polyol esters whosc hydrogen atoms of α-position in their acid portion were substituted with methyl or aryl groups, show the highest oxidation stability among these esters. It is considered that ADPE and ANP produce phenol compounds as their oxidation products which protect the substrate from further oxidation and, consequently they show high exothermic starting temperatures. (Eqs. (3) and (4), Tables 7 and 8).(3)(4)The method of high-pressure thermal analysis compared with the usual method has several advantages in that the oxidation stability and ignition temperature can be measured simultaneously and in a shorter time and only a small amount of sample is required.
Considerations for efficient contact resistivity reduction via Fermi Level depinning - impact of MIS contacts on 10nm node nMOSFET DC characteristics (2015)

In the overwhelming majority of cases, current-voltage characteristics of metal-based contacts on semiconductors are non-linear around 0V even for degenerate interfacial doping levels. Any contact resistivity specification is therefore meaningless without the knowledge of the effective bias across the contact. For the first time, the efficiency of a dielectric insertion for contact resistance reduction was properly evaluated by solving the self-consistent case of voltage sharing for an aggressively scaled transistor flanked by two trench Metal/ Insulator/Semiconductor (MIS) contacts. We found that leveraging the Fermi Level depinning via optimized MIS contacts could lead to a +92% drive current (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</sub> =V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dd</sub> =0.7V) increase versus a Titanium liner-based silicidation-free approach.