gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Particle Coarsening in Polypropylene/Polyethylene Blends (1996)

We report the results of particle growth in a polydisperse blend system as a function of (i) heat treatment temperature (190, 220, 250, and 280 °C) and (ii) time of heat treatment (0−290 min) for three blends of isotactic polypropylene and linear low-density polyethylene, prepared by melt extrusion. To a first approximation, the growth of the particles obeys the t1/3 law; however, the polydispersity of the solute polymer has an effect on this relationship. The dependence on molecular weight is analyzed, and it is shown that for polydisperse solute the gradient of growth should decrease with time.
Patterns and quasi-patterns in the Faraday experiment (1994)

Parametric excitation of surface waves via forced vertical oscillation of a container filled with fluid (the Faraday instability) is investigated experimentally in a small-depth large-aspect-ratio system, with a viscous fluid and with two simultaneous forcing frequencies. The asymptotic pattern observed just above the threshold for the first instability of the flat surface is found to depend strongly on the frequency ratio and the amplitudes and phases of the two sinusoidal components of the driving acceleration. Parallel lines, squares, and hexagons are observed. With viscosity 100 cS, these stable standing-wave patterns do not exhibit strong sidewall effects, and are found in containers of various shapes including an irregular shape. A ‘quasi-pattern’ of twelvefold symmetry, analogous to a two-dimensional quasi-crystal, is observed for some even/odd frequency ratios. Many of the experimental phenomena can be modelled via cubic-order amplitude equations derived from symmetry arguments.
Misalignment in Gas Foil Journal Bearings: An Experimental Study (2008)

As gas foil journal bearings become more prevalent in production machines, such as small gas turbine propulsion systems and microturbines, system level performance issues must be identified and quantified in order to provide for successful design practices. Several examples of system level design parameters that are not fully understood in foil bearing systems are thermal management schemes, alignment requirements, balance requirements, thrust load balancing, and others. In order to address some of these deficiencies and begin to develop guidelines, this paper presents a preliminary experimental investigation of the misalignment tolerance of gas foil journal bearing systems. Using a notional gas foil bearing supported rotor and a laser-based shaft alignment system, increasing levels of misalignment are imparted to the bearing supports while monitoring temperature at the bearing edges. The amount of misalignment that induces bearing failure is identified and compared with other conventional bearing types such as cylindrical roller bearings and angular contact ball bearings. Additionally, the dynamic response of the rotor indicates that the gas foil bearing force coefficients may be affected by misalignment.
Characterization of a Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase from <i>Marinobacter aquaeolei</i> VT8: A Bacterial Enzyme Catalyzing the Reduction of Fatty Acyl-CoA to Fatty Alcohol (2011)

Fatty alcohols are of interest as a renewable feedstock to replace petroleum compounds used as fuels, in cosmetics, and in pharmaceuticals. One biological approach to the production of fatty alcohols involves the sequential action of two bacterial enzymes: (i) reduction of a fatty acyl-CoA to the corresponding fatty aldehyde catalyzed by a fatty acyl-CoA reductase, followed by (ii) reduction of the fatty aldehyde to the corresponding fatty alcohol catalyzed by a fatty aldehyde reductase. Here, we identify, purify, and characterize a novel bacterial enzyme from Marinobacter aquaeolei VT8 that catalyzes the reduction of fatty acyl-CoA by four electrons to the corresponding fatty alcohol, eliminating the need for a separate fatty aldehyde reductase. The enzyme is shown to reduce fatty acyl-CoAs ranging from C8:0 to C20:4 to the corresponding fatty alcohols, with the highest rate found for palmitoyl-CoA (C16:0). The dependence of the rate of reduction of palmitoyl-CoA on substrate concentration was cooperative, with an apparent K(m) ~ 4 μM, V(max) ~ 200 nmol NADP(+) min(-1) (mg protein)(-1), and n ~ 3. The enzyme also reduced a range of fatty aldehydes with decanal having the highest activity. The substrate cis-11-hexadecenal was reduced in a cooperative manner with an apparent K(m) of ~50 μM, V(max) of ~8 μmol NADP(+) min(-1) (mg protein)(-1), and n ~ 2.
STEREO VISION BASED VEHICLE DETECTION (2010)

This paper describes a vehicle detection method using 3D data derived from a disparity map available in realtime. The integration of a flat road model reduces the search space in all dimensions. Inclination changes are considered for the road model update. The vehicles, modeled as a cuboid, are detected in an iterative refinement process for hypotheses generation on the 3D data. The detection of a vehicle is performed by a mean-shift clustering of plane fitted segments potentially belonging together in a first step. In the second step a u/v-disparity approach generates vehicle hypotheses covering differently appearing vehicles. The system was evaluated in real-traffic-scenes using a GPS system.
Dengue importation into Europe: A network connectivity-based approach (2020)

The spread of dengue through global human mobility is a major public health concern. A key challenge is understanding the transmission pathways and mediating factors that characterized the patterns of dengue importation into non-endemic areas. Utilizing a network connectivity-based approach, we analyze the importation patterns of dengue fever into European countries. Seven connectivity indices were developed to characterize the role of the air passenger traffic, seasonality, incidence rate, geographical proximity, epidemic vulnerability, and wealth of a source country, in facilitating the transport and importation of dengue fever. We used generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) to examine the relationship between dengue importation and the connectivity indices while accounting for the air transport network structure. We also incorporated network autocorrelation within a GLMM framework to investigate the propensity of a European country to receive an imported case, by virtue of its position within the air transport network. The connectivity indices and dynamical processes of the air transport network were strong predictors of dengue importation in Europe. With more than 70% of the variation in dengue importation patterns explained. We found that transportation potential was higher for source countries with seasonal dengue activity, high passenger traffic, high incidence rates, high epidemic vulnerability, and in geographical proximity to a destination country in Europe. We also found that position of a European country within the air transport network was a strong predictor of the country's propensity to receive an imported case. Our findings provide evidence that the importation patterns of dengue into Europe can be largely explained by appropriately characterizing the heterogeneities of the source, and topology of the air transport network. This contributes to the foundational framework for building integrated predictive models for bio-surveillance of dengue importation.
Make 'Em Laugh - A. Corbeill: Controlling Laughter Political Humor in the Late Roman Republic. Pp. xi + 251. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996. $35/£27.95. ISBN: 0-691-02739-0. (1998)

Make 'Em Laugh - A. Corbeill: Controlling Laughter Political Humor in the Late Roman Republic. Pp. xi + 251. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996. $35/£27.95. ISBN: 0-691-02739-0. - Volume 48 Issue 1
Induction of the prospective neural crest of <i>Xenopus</i> (1995)

The earliest sign of the prospective neural crest of Xenopus is the expression of the ectodermal component of Xsna (the Xenopus homologue of snail) in a low arc on the dorsal aspect of stage 11 embryos, which subsequently assumes the horseshoe shape characteristic of the neural folds as the convergence-extension movements shape the neural plate. A related zinc-finger gene called Slug (Xslu) is expressed specifically in this tissue (i.e. the prospective crest) when the convergence extension movements are completed. Subsequently, Xslu is found in pre- and post-migratory cranial and trunk neural crest and also in lateral plate mesoderm after stage 17. Both Xslu and Xsna are induced by mesoderm from the dorsal or lateral marginal zone but not from the ventral marginal zone. From stage 10.5, explants of the prospective neural crest, which is underlain with tissue, are able to express Xslu. However expression of Xsna is not apparently specified until stage 12 and further contact with the inducer is required to raise the level of expression to that seen later in development. Xslu is specified at a later time. Embryos injected with noggin mRNA at the 1-cell stage or with plasmids driving noggin expression after the start of zygotic transcription express Xslu in a ring surrounding the embryo on the ventroposterior side. We suggest this indicates (a) that noggin interacts with another signal that is present throughout the ventral side of the embryo and (b) that Xslu is unable to express in the neural plate either because of the absence of a co-inducer or by a positive prohibition of expression. The ventral co-inducer, in the presence of overexpressed noggin, seems to generate an anterior/posterior pattern in the ventral part of the embryo comparable to that seen in neural crest of normal embryos. We suggest that the prospective neural crest is induced in normal embryos in the ectoderm that overlies the junction of the domains that express noggin and Xwnt-8. In support of this, we show animal cap explants from blastulae and gastrulae, treated with bFGF and noggin express Xslu but not NCAM although the mesoderm marker Xbra is also expressed. Explants treated with noggin alone express NCAM only. An indication that induction of the neural plate border is regulated independently of the neural plate is obtained from experiments using ultraviolet irradiation in the precleavage period. At certain doses, the cranial crest domains are not separated into lateral masses and there is a reduction in the size of the neural plate.
Identification of a subpopulation of cells with cancer stem cell properties in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2007)

Like many epithelial tumors, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) contains a heterogeneous population of cancer cells. We developed an immunodeficient mouse model to test the tumorigenic potential of different populations of cancer cells derived from primary, unmanipulated human HNSCC samples. We show that a minority population of CD44 + cancer cells, which typically comprise <10% of the cells in a HNSCC tumor, but not the CD44 − cancer cells, gave rise to new tumors in vivo . Immunohistochemistry revealed that the CD44 + cancer cells have a primitive cellular morphology and costain with the basal cell marker Cytokeratin 5/14, whereas the CD44 − cancer cells resemble differentiated squamous epithelium and express the differentiation marker Involucrin. The tumors that arose from purified CD44 + cells reproduced the original tumor heterogeneity and could be serially passaged, thus demonstrating the two defining properties of stem cells: ability to self-renew and to differentiate. Furthermore, the tumorigenic CD44 + cells differentially express the BMI1 gene, at both the RNA and protein levels. By immunohistochemical analysis, the CD44 + cells in the tumor express high levels of nuclear BMI1, and are arrayed in characteristic tumor microdomains. BMI1 has been demonstrated to play a role in self-renewal in other stem cell types and to be involved in tumorigenesis. Taken together, these data demonstrate that cells within the CD44 + population of human HNSCC possess the unique properties of cancer stem cells in functional assays for cancer stem cell self-renewal and differentiation and form unique histological microdomains that may aid in cancer diagnosis.
Solid-state Marx bank modulator for the next linear collider (2004)

The use of solid state switches to create high voltage pulsed power is an important shift from traditional pulsed power technologies based on vacuum devices, spark gaps, and plasma switches. During the last decade, investigators at a number of institutions, including Diversified Technologies, Inc. (DTI), have examined a wide range of practical pulsed power architectures that use solid state devices. Over the past two years, DTI has demonstrated a combination of old and new technologies in a solid state Marx bank. This configuration offers a number of advantages to the broad class of pulsed power applications requiring relatively high peak power, short pulses, and low average power.
Accelerating admixtures for concrete. State of the art (2007)

Accelerating admixtures affect the rates of reactions between cement and water to give an overall increase in the hydration rate.Thus, the use of accelerators in concrete provides a shortening of setting time and/or an increase in early strength development.This report gives a historical and technical overview of liquid accelerators used for concrete, their mode of actions and the characteristics of today's commercial accelerators.Accelerators for both 'normal' and sprayed concrete are covered.Antifreeze admixtures for winter concreting are also discussed.Calcium chloride, the beste accelerator ever, is no longer an option due to severe corrosion hazzards in steel reinforced concrete.Inorganic salts of nitrate (for setting) and thiocyanate (for hardening) are common alternatives, although they are less efficient than calcium chloride.Many commercial admixtures today are made of mixtures of nitrate and thiocyanate.Some also contain alkanolamines and carboxylic acids or their salts.Combinations of chemicals may give interesting synergistic effects.Alkali-free shotcrete accelerators are based on aluminum sulphate as main ingredient, often combined with diethanolamine and organic acids (oxalic, formic) and/or inorganic acids (phosphorous, hydrofluoric).The report gives recommendations for further research and development of accelerators for concrete.
Principles of Biochemistry. (1937)

Principles of biochemistry , Principles of biochemistry , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
Modeling Native Software Components as Virtual Network Functions (2016)

Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) are often realized using virtual machines (VMs) because they provide an isolated environment compatible with classical cloud computing technologies. However, VMs are demanding in terms of required resources (CPU and memory) and therefore not suitable for low-cost devices like residential gateways. Such equipment often runs a Linux-based operating system that includes by default a (large) number of common network functions, which can provide some of the services otherwise offered by simple VNFs, but with reduced overhead. In this paper those native software components are made available through a Network Function Virtualization (NFV) platform, thus making their use transparent from the VNF developer point of view.
A 135Mbps DVB-S2 compliant codec based on 64800-bit LDPC and BCH codes (ISSCC paper 24.3) (2005)

A DVB-S2 compliant codec is implemented in both 130nm-8M and 90nm-7M low-leakage CMOS technologies. The system includes encoders and decoders for both Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes and serially concatenated BCH codes. All requirements of the DVB-S2 standard are supported including code rates between 1/4 and 9/10, block sizes of either 16,200 bits or 64,800 bits, and four digital modulation options. The 130nm core design occupies 49.6mm2 and operates at 200MHz, while the 90nm core design occupies 15.8mm2 and operates at 300MHz.
Systemic lupus erythematosus and sickle-cell anaemia. (1976)

Comparison of mean times ( SD) taken to reach various labour indices Fixed dose Incremental dose Induction-IC (mnu) .. 27-5 ±14-06 10-95 ± 10-65 (P <0-05) IC-AC(h) .. .. 2-50±1-39 0 96±1-16 (P <0 005) IC-5 cm (h) .. .. 3-76 ±3-45 2-80±1 43 IDI (h).10-21 ±6-27 5 25 ±298 (0O5>P>0-01) IC = Initial contractions (recorded tocographically).AC = Adequate contractions (painful). 5cm= End point of trial.IDI = Induction-to-delivery interval.
Application of temperature gradient gel electrophoresis to the characterization of a nitrifying bioaugmentation product (2003)

The microbial population of a nitrifying bioaugmentation product (NBP) has been examined using a combination of conventional bacteriological methods and modern molecular techniques. Variable region 3 (V3) of the 16S rRNA genes of the bacteria in NBP was amplified via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with universal eubacterial primers and analyzed via temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE). Two of the predominant PCR products in NBP were purified from the TGGE gel matrix, reamplified via PCR and sequenced. Two nitrifying strains (NS500-9 and MPN2) that had been isolated from the NBP mixed consortium and grown in pure culture were found, via TGGE, to have identical 16S rRNA sequences to the PCR products under investigation. Nearly the full-length 16S rRNA genes from these two organisms were PCR-amplified, cloned, and sequenced in order to provide a basis for more accurate phylogenetic analysis. The two dominant organisms in the NBP, NS500-9 and MPN2, were thereby found to be most closely related to Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter species, respectively, in the database. Samples from a laboratory-scale bioreactor, bioaugmented with NBP, were used in an attempt to correlate an increase in activity with a detectable shift in the population of NS500-9 and MPN2 via TGGE. No detectable shift in population was observed in these samples even though the system exhibited increased levels of nitrification. Therefore, the sensitivity of the TGGE system was also examined by determining the limits of detection when NBP was present in activated sludge. In biomass spiking experiments as well as in genomic DNA spiking experiments, it was found that NBP must be present at a level of at least 5% of the total population in order to be detected, whereas bioaugmentation at 1% of the total population was enough to yield significant improvements in nitrification efficiency. This study demonstrates how community profiling of an undefined microbial population via TGGE can be used to examine the biological importance of organisms isolated from the same mixed population.
Differential effects of cyclic stretch and static stretch on angiogenic responses of microvascular endothelial cells (2007)

Both pulsatile blood flow (cyclic stretch, CS) and tissue expansion during growth (static stretch, SS) stimulate vascular growth. We cultured rat coronary microvascular endothelial cells (CMEC) in Bioflex culture plates in order to examine the effect of CS and SS on CMEC proliferation, migration and tube formation. CS was generated by a computerized Flexcell Strain Unit with 10% elongation at 30 cycles/min, while SS consisted of a constant 10% elongation. Controls consisted of cells seeded on the culture plates but not subjected to stretch. CMEC migration was increased by either VEGF (50–100 ng/ml) or CS, but not by SS. However, in the presence of VEGF, SS enhanced the VEGF‐induced migration by 15.2±2.8%. CMEC proliferation, evaluated by BrdU labeling, was significantly enhanced by CS and by SS as well as by VEGF. CS and SS increased BrdU positive cells by 1.7±0.41 and 1.6±0.42 fold, respectively. Both CS and SS significantly increased tube formation, but CS was more effective (total tube length increased 2.16 vs 1.69 in SS) at 18hrs. However, CS did not enhanced VEGF‐induced tube formation, while SS and VEGF had additive effects. CS increased tube branching to a greater degree than SS (4.24 vs 1.97 fold). Our study is the first to distinguish between the effects of the two types of stretch on CMEC proliferation, migration and tube formation. These data suggest that endothelial cell angiogenic responses to two types of stretch display both differences and similarities, which may involve different mechanisms. Supported by NIH grant HL075446.
Frequent detection of worm movements in onchocercal nodules by ultrasonography (2005)

BACKGROUND: Ultrasonography (USG) is known to be a suitable tool for diagnosis in lymphatic filariasis as the adult filarial nematode Wuchereria bancrofti in scrotal lymphatic vessels of infected men can be detected by the characteristic pattern of movement, the Filaria Dance Sign. In onchocerciasis, moving adult worms have not yet been demonstrated by USG. In addition the verification of drug effects on living adult Onchocerca volvulus filariae in trials is hampered by the lack of tools for longitudinal observation of alterations induced by potentially macrofilaricidal drugs in vivo. The present study was carried out to determine the frequency of detection of moving adult filariae of O. volvulus by USG. METHODS: In an endemic region for onchocerciasis in Ghana, 61 patients infected with onchocerciasis were recruited by palpation and onchocercomas examined by USG using an ultrasound system equipped with a 7.5 - 10 MHz linear transducer. Onchocercomas were recorded on videotape and evaluated with regard to location, number and size, as well as to movements of adult filariae. RESULTS: In the 61 patients 303 onchocercomas were found by palpation and 401 onchocercomas were detected by USG. In 18 out of 61 patients (29.5%), altogether 22 nodules with moving adult O. volvulus filariae were detected and are presented in animated ultrasound images as mp-4 videos. CONCLUSION: Ultrasonographical examinations of onchocercomas where living adult filariae can be displayed may serve as a new tool for the longitudinal observation in vivo of patients with onchocerciasis undergoing treatment and as an adjunct to histological evaluation.
Agent system security (2003)

The agent paradigm is currently attracting much research. Future mobile systems are expected to exploit the flexibility of agent-based software in a variety of ways. This will include agents providing both middleware and application-level functionality. Realising the full benefits of this innovative approach will require that security issues are properly addressed. This paper gives a summary of security issues for multi-agent systems. (6 pages)
On the photoreactivity of diacetylene containing thermoplastic block copolymers (1987)

Abstract A group of block copolymers containing diacetylenes as chain extenders in their hard segments was prepared, based on urethanes, esters, ureas, and amides as hard segments and polybutadienes, polyethers, polyesters, and polysiloxanes as soft segments. Almost all block copolymers were photoreactive, but there was a wide range of sensitivities. The photoreactivity of the copolymers was found to depend on the reactivity of the monomer unit, on the width of the diacetylene stacks in the hard segments, and on the degree of phase separation in the solid films. To explore the range of monomer reactivities we prepared 15 crystalline monomers. Urethanes were in general the most reactive, and this was attributed in part to the specific effect of hydrogen bonding which brings about a shortening of the C 1 to C 4 distance between diacetylenes tend to reduce the photoreactivity. The behavior of identical diacetylene units in the monomer crystal, in the homopolymer, and in the block copolymer is discussed in this paper.
The choice of a digital modulation scheme in a mobile radio system (2002)

The modulation scheme in a mobile radio communication system must primarily satisfy the objective of achieving high spectral efficiency and narrow power spectrum. The emerging modulation technologies in the family of linear modulation and constant envelope techniques are described. Multilevel modulation, spectral efficiency, power spectrum and intersymbol interference are discussed. The effect of coding on transmission rate and improvement of SNR requirement is considered.