gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigations on the Use of Multiple Unique Radiating Modes for 2-D Beam Steering (2016)

The multiple mode approach to beam steering is extended to the case of 2-D scanning arrays. Beam pattern synthesis for a collection of arbitrary elements is accomplished using direct synthesis method. Three candidate arrays are defined on the basis of the type and number of radiating elements used in each array. A conventional patch antenna array consisting of a total of four elements each with two feed points is the baseline array against which the other two arrays are compared. A novel hybrid phased array contains the same number of patch antennas but with four additional collocated active monopole elements. The third array consists of nine patch antennas in which the array aperture has been oversampled by using smaller patch antennas with smaller spacing. The hybrid phased array is shown to produce the highest peak gain of 12.5 dBi with a 3 dB scan range that is 26° wider than the oversampled array and 36° wider than the baseline patch array in the φ = 0° scan plane. Sidelobe and cross-polarization levels are also significantly improved over the baseline array. In terms of complexity, the hybrid phased array contains 50% more feed points than the baseline array but 33% less than the oversampled array. The hybrid phased array was fabricated and measured demonstrating a scan range of ±50°.
The anomalous kinetics of coupled aspartate aminotransferase and malate dehydrogenase. Evidence for compartmentation of oxaloacetate (1976)

Cytoplasmic aspartate aminotransferase and malate dehydrogenase were purified from pig heart. Kinetic parameters were determined for the separate reaction catalysed by each enzyme and used to predict the course of the coupled reaction: (see article). Although a lag phase should have been easily seen, none was detected. The same coupled reaction was also carried out by using radioactive aspartate in the presence of unlabelled oxaloacetate. The reaction was quenched with HClO4 after 70 ms and the specific radioactivity of the malate produced in this system was found to be essentially the same as that of the original aspartate. These results show that oxaloacetate produced by the aspartate aminotransferase is converted into malate by malate dehydrogenase before it equilibrates with the pool of unlabelled oxaloacetate and are consistent with a proposal that the enzymes are associated in a complex. However, no physical evidence of the existence of a complex could be found. An alternative means of compartmentation of the intermediate as an unstable isomer is considered.
Generating Synthetic Time Series to Augment Sparse Datasets (2017)

In machine learning, data augmentation is the process of creating synthetic examples in order to augment a dataset used to learn a model. One motivation for data augmentation is to reduce the variance of a classifier, thereby reducing error. In this paper, we propose new data augmentation techniques specifically designed for time series classification, where the space in which they are embedded is induced by Dynamic Time Warping (DTW). The main idea of our approach is to average a set of time series and use the average time series as a new synthetic example. The proposed methods rely on an extension of DTW Barycentric Averaging (DBA), the averaging technique that is specifically developed for DTW. In this paper, we extend DBA to be able to calculate a weighted average of time series under DTW. In this case, instead of each time series contributing equally to the final average, some can contribute more than others. This extension allows us to generate an infinite number of new examples from any set of given time series. To this end, we propose three methods that choose the weights associated to the time series of the dataset. We carry out experiments on the 85 datasets of the UCR archive and demonstrate that our method is particularly useful when the number of available examples is limited (e.g. 2 to 6 examples per class) using a 1-NN DTW classifier. Furthermore, we show that augmenting full datasets is beneficial in most cases, as we observed an increase of accuracy on 56 datasets, no effect on 7 and a slight decrease on only 22.
Purification to homogeneity of pig leucocyte catabolin, a protein that causes cartilage resorption <i>in vitro</i> (1983)

Catabolin, a protein that causes proteoglycan resorption in explants of living cartilage, was purified to homogeneity from culture medium conditioned by culturing buffy-coat leucocytes from 60 litres of pig blood in the presence of concanavalin A. The purification steps were (1) gel filtration of concentrated medium, (2) chromatofocusing, (3) hydroxyapatite chromatography, (4) anion-exchange chromatography (Mono Q), (5) reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.) (Zorbax ODS). These achieved approx. 9000-fold purification from the starting material. The purified protein when reduced ran as a single band on sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis with Mr 21000. On isoelectric focusing its pI was 4.8-5.0, and there was evidence of micro-heterogeneity. The protein co-migrated with active material on h.p.l.c., isoelectric focusing and SDS gels (15 and 12.5% acrylamide) under both reducing and non-reducing conditions. The pure protein caused proteoglycan release from cultured bovine nasal cartilage at 20pM. Its possible identity with interleukin 1 is discussed.
Identification of a Ligand-Binding Region of the Human Insulin Receptor Encoded by the Second Exon of the Gene (1990)

Structure-function studies of the insulin molecule indicate that an insulin B chain domain comprising residues 22-26 is involved both in binding to the insulin receptor (INSR) and in insulin dimer formation, suggesting that this domain might also interact with a structure resembling the insulin dimer interface in the INSR. Expression of a mutant INSR cDNA with a deletion of the region corresponding to exon 2 of the INSR gene produces a protein devoid of insulin-binding activity, although the mutant protein is processed appropriately to alpha- and beta-subunits, suggesting that the insulin-binding domain is encoded at least in part by exon 2. Within this region of the INSR molecule, the sequence 83-103 fulfills the structural criteria for a dimer interface. Studies of mutant INSRs with substitutions for phenylalanine 88 or 89 show that the presence of phenylalanine at position 89 is essential for full binding affinity.
Angle Gathers and Images from Sparse OBN Data (2016)

Summary Large-scale deepwater OBN surveys are typically acquired with nodes spaced at, or near, 400 m. We create 3-D angle gathers by mapping image traces to the reflection azimuth and reflection angle domain. Wide node spacing may cause the gathers to be undersampled in these angles and appear degraded. We describe a method to de-alias the mapping operator and create high quality angle gathers by performing the mapping with bandlimited binning functions. We demonstrate our method with deepwater Gulf of Mexico node data, showing that high quality gathers can be produced even at a much more aggressive 800 m node spacing. The angle gathers created from the wider node data preserve residual moveout and, therefore, are suitable for model building. The results are encouraging and add confidence that data from sparser node acquistion can be processed and imaged successfully.
HIV‐1 TAT‐mediated protein transduction and subcellular localization using novel expression vectors<sup>1</sup> (2002)

Several novel prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression vectors were constructed for protein transduction and subcellular localization. These vectors employed an N-terminal stretch of 11 basic amino acid residues (47-57) from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) TAT protein transduction domain (PTD) for protein translocation and cellular localization. The vectors also contained a six-histidine (His(6)) tag at the N- or C-terminus for convenient purification and detection, and a multiple cloning site for easy insertion of foreign genes. Some heterologous genes including HSV-TK, Bcl-rambo, Smac/DIABLO and GFP were fused in-frame to TAT PTD and successfully overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The purified TAT-GFP fusion protein was able to transduce into the mammalian cells and was found to locate mainly in the cytosol when exogenously added to the cell culture medium. However, using a transfection system, mammalian-expressed TAT-GFP predominantly displayed a nuclear localization and nucleolar accumulation in mammalian cell lines. This discrepancy implies that the exact subcellular localization of transduced protein may depend on cell type, the nature of imported proteins and delivery approach. Taken together, our results demonstrate that a TAT PTD length of 11 amino acids was sufficient to confer protein internalization and its subsequent cellular localization. These novel properties allow these vectors to be useful for studying protein transduction and nuclear import.
Food Chain of Evidence Points to Brain Toxin (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mapping of the apple powdery mildew resistance gene <i>Pl1</i> and its genetic association with an NBS‐LRR candidate resistance gene (2007)

Abstract Molecular markers for the major apple powdery mildew resistance gene Pl1 were identified and are presently used in marker‐assisted selection in apple breeding. However, the precise map position of the Pl1 gene in the apple genome was not known. The objectives of this investigation were the identification of the Malus linkage group (LG) carrying the Pl1 locus, mapping of the resistance gene by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and the analysis of genetic associations between the Pl1 gene and the numerous NBS‐LRR resistance gene candidates already mapped in the apple genome. A two‐step linkage mapping was used, based on two different apple families. The identification of LG 12 carrying Pl1 was performed indirectly by mapping the SCAR marker AT20 in an apple progeny for which there was a core genetic map but no mildew data available. Then, the position of Pl1 on LG 12 was determined by SSR markers in a second population which has been scored for mildew over 6 years in a greenhouse and in the field. The SSR Hi07f01, previously mapped on LG 12 [Tree Genet. Genomes, 2 (2006), 202] cosegregated with AT20 and was closely linked (∼1 cM) to the Pl1 gene. The TIR‐NBS‐LRR resistance gene analogue 15G11 mapped by the SSCP technique was also closely linked to the Pl1 resistance locus and might be a candidate for Pl1 itself, a second powdery mildew major resistance gene ( Pld , [Theor. Appl. Genet., 110 (2004), 175]), or two scab resistance genes ( Vg , [IOBC/WPRS Bull., 23 (2000), 245]; Vb , [Genome, 49 (2006), 1238]) which all seem to be located in a common R gene cluster at the distal end of apple LG 12.
Ketamine Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neurons (2015)

We established an in vitro model for assessing the neurotoxicity of ketamine in iPSC-derived neurons. The present data indicate that the initial mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy may be related to its inhibitory effect on the mitochondrial electron transport system, which underlies ketamine-induced neural toxicity. Higher ketamine concentration can induce ROS generation and apoptosis in human neurons.
Acid-catalysed terpenylations of olivetol in the synthesis of cannabinoids (1988)

Examination of the toluene-p-sulphonic acid-catalysed reaction of (1S,2S,3R,6R)-(+)-trans-car-2-ene epoxide with olivetol shows that, inconsistently with the accepted mechanism, (3R,4R)-(–)-o- and -p-cannabidiols are produced as well as (3R,4R)-(–)-Δ1-and Δ6-tetrahydrocannabinols. Evidence is now presented that, as in Petrzilka's reaction employing chiral p-mentha-2,8-dien-1-ols, the reacting species is the delocalised (4R)-p-mentha-2,8-dien-1-yl cation (9).Similar terpenylation using (1S,3S,4R,6R)-(+)-trans-car-3-ene epoxide shows that besides the reported (–)-Δ6-THC, o- and p-cannabidiols, Δ1-THC and Δ4,8-iso-THC can also be produced. The nature of the products, the chirality, and the characteristics of the reaction implicate again the delocalised cation (9). Its formation via Kropp-type rearrangement is excluded and a pathway leading to (4R)-p-mentha-2,6,8-triene, which on protonation gives (9), is proposed. Protonated on C-8, the triene can be trapped and isolated as (4R)-p-mentha-2,6-dien-8-ol. The latter, made in (±)-form from citral, proved to be an excellent terpenylating agent for producing cannabinoids.Terpenylation of olivetol by the pinanes (1S,4S,5S)-(–)-cis-verbenol and (1R,5S,7R)-(+)-cis-chrysanthenol is compared. A major drawback of the latter is partial racemisation which occurs in the verbenone–chrysanthenone isomerisation during its photochemical preparation. Whilst Δ1-THC cannot be directly obtained from verbenol, its tertiary allylic cation permits a much higher yielding terpenylation than the secondary cation from chrysanthenol.
A New Microwave Reactor for Batchwise Organic Synthesis (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Microwave Reactor for Batchwise Organic SynthesisKevin D. Raner, Christopher R. Strauss, Robert W. Trainor, and John S. ThornCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 8, 2456–2460Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00113a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00113a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2219Altmetric-Citations139LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Gene therapy for lysosomal storage disorders: a good start (2015)

Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited diseases with a collective frequency of ∼1 in 7000 births, resulting from the deficiency in one or more enzymes or transporters that normally reside within the lysosomes. Pathology results from the progressive accumulation of uncleaved lipids, glycoproteins and/or glycosaminoglycans in the lysosomes and secondary damages that affect the brain, viscera, bones and connective tissues. Most treatment modalities developed for LSD, including gene therapy (GT), are based on the lysosome-specific cross-correction mechanism, by which close proximity of normal cells leads to the correction of the biochemical consequences of enzymatic deficiency within the neighboring cells. Here, GT efforts addressing these disorders are reviewed with an up-to-date discussion of their impact on the LSD disease phenotype in animal models and patients.
Learning Tetris Using the Noisy Cross-Entropy Method (2006)

The cross-entropy method is an efficient and general optimization algorithm. However, its applicability in reinforcement learning (RL) seems to be limited because it often converges to suboptimal policies. We apply noise for preventing early convergence of the cross-entropy method, using Tetris, a computer game, for demonstration. The resulting policy outperforms previous RL algorithms by almost two orders of magnitude.
Artificial Immunity to Dermacentor Variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae): Vaccination Using Tick Antigens1 (1980)

Journal Article Artificial Immunity to Dermacentor Variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae): Vaccination Using Tick Antigens Get access Steven Ackerman, Steven Ackerman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mary Floyd, Mary Floyd Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Daniel E. Sonenshine Daniel E. Sonenshine 2Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23508. USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Medical Entomology, Volume 17, Issue 5, 30 September 1980, Pages 391–397, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/17.5.391 Published: 30 September 1980
The purification and properties of horse liver esterase (1954)

Table 1.The quantitative distribution of the caro- tenoid8 in the flowers of Tecoma capensis Amount Pigment (mg./100 g. fresh wt.) ,B-Carotene 2-2 y-Carotene 4-3 Lycopene 5.9Rubixanthin-like pigment 7-3 Total epiphasic pigments 19x7 Zeaxanthin 8-9 Total pigments 28-6The hypopha4ic fraction.Zeaxanthim was the only pigment found.Quantitative experiment.The amounts of the pigments in T. capen8i8 are given in Table 1.Goodwin (1950, 1952b) stated that flowers contain less carotenoids than the corresponding leaves, but that flower carotenoids are more specific to plant species than are leaf carotenoids.This appears to be true in the case of the petals of the two species of Tecoma investigated.Although the corresponding amounts of fl-carotene and zeaxanthin in the two species do not differ appreciably, T. capen8i8 petals contain much more of the red pigments lycopene and y-carotene and the deep orange rubixanthin-like pigment.This not only results in the total amount of carotenoids in T. capen8i8 being 2 3 times that of T. 8tan8, but alters the ratio of epiphasic to hypophasic pigments from 1:6 in T. 8tan8 to 2 2:1 in T. capensis. DISCUSSIONEpoxycarotenoids are widely distributed in blossoms (Goodwin, 1952b), but in the case of the two species of Tecoma none of these epoxides was detected; zeaxanthin was, however, found in abundance.The difference in colour between the yellow flowers of T. 8tan8 and the red flowers of T. capen8i8 is due to the presence of lycopene, y- carotene and the rubixanthin-like pigment in the latter.In C. offlcinali8 the red varieties contain.much more lycopene than the yellow varieties (Zechmeister & Cholnoky, 1932).SUMMARY 1.The carotenoids of the flowers of two species of Tecoma, T. 8tan8 and T. capen8i8, have been investigated.2. Both species contain p-carotene and zeax- anthin, whilst T. capenaie contains in addition y- carotene, lycopene, a rubixanthin-like pigment and a trace of the colourless polyene phytofluene.3. The concentration of carotenoids in the red flowers of T. capen8ie and the yellow flowers of T. 8tan8 are 28-6 and 12-6 mg./100 g. fresh weight respectively.The corresponding ratios of epiphasic to hypophasic pigments in the two species are 2-2:1 and 1:6.
Expression of Treponema pallidum antigens in Escherichia coli K-12. (2020)

A colony bank of recombinant plasmids harboring Treponema pallidum DNA inserts has been established in Escherichia coli K-12. By using an in situ immunoassay, we identified four E. coli clones that expressed T. pallidum antigens. Thus, recombinant DNA technology may provide powerful new tools for studying the pathogenesis of T. pallidum infection.
Increased Intraocular Pressure Following Neodymium-YAG Laser Iridectomy (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Peripheral iridectomy is the treatment of choice for pupillary block glaucoma and for prophylaxis of occludable iridocorneal angles. Argon laser iridectomy has fewer serious complications and has largely replaced surgical iridectomy. Complications following argon iridectomy include iritis, transient elevated intraocular pressure, failure to penetrate the iris, and closure of the iridectomy. Recent efforts to improve the success rate of laser iridectomy have led to the investigation of the neodymium (Nd)-YAG laser.<sup>1,2</sup>Reports indicate an excellent patency rate, with generally minor and transient complications. The incidence of elevated intraocular pressure has been similar to that reported with the argon laser. We encountered four cases of markedly increased intraocular pressure related to Nd-YAG laser iridectomy. Three patients had chronic angle-closure glaucoma, and one had occludable angles with normal intraocular pressure. Previous laser iridectomy had been performed uneventfully in two contralateral eyes, one with an Nd-YAG laser, one with
Optimization for Keratinase Enzyme Production Using Bacillus thuringiensis TS2 (2012)

Abstract: Keratinase producing bacterial strains were isolated from the chicken feather dumping site. Keratinase producing bacterial strains were identified by physical, biochemical characteristics, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and 16S rDNA sequences. Medium optimization of the selected keratinase producing bacterial strain (Bacillus thuringiensis TS2) was checked with various parameters such as incubation time (52.3±1.2 U/mg), substrate concentration (41.3±1.2 U/mg), inoculums concentration (43.54±0.89 U/mg), carbon sources (76.20±0.34U/mg), nitrogensources (85.60±3.12U/mg), pH (90.78±0.97U/mg), temperature (92.78±0.59U/mg) and chemical inhibitors (112.17±0.02U/mg) that were tested with specific keratinase activity.
Phospholipid-Binding Domain of Factor VIII Is Involved in Endothelial Cell–Mediated Activation of Factor X by Factor IXa (2002)

Apparently quiescent, nonapoptotic endothelial cells mediate the activation of factor X by activated factor IX in the presence of its cofactor, activated factor VIII. In a previous study, we reported that during the activation of factor X, the interaction of the cofactor with the endothelial cell membrane clearly differs from the interaction of the cofactor with artificial lipid membranes. In the present study, we identified the peptide domain of factor VIII involved in the assembly of the enzyme-cofactor complex on the endothelial cell surface. With the use of monoclonal antibodies against different peptide sequences on the factor VIII light chain, it was observed that the lipid-binding region of the C2 domain on the factor VIII light chain mediates the assembly of the factor X-activating complex on the endothelial cell surface. In addition, a synthetic peptide that constitutes region Ala2318-Tyr2332 of the C2 domain and that is known for its ability to inhibit the binding of factor VIII to artificial lipid membranes also showed inhibition of the cofactor activity of factor VIII on endothelial cells. Thus, the carboxy-terminal part of the factor VIII light chain not only contains sites involved in lipid binding but also contains sites involved in complex assembly on the endothelial cell membrane.