gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Monodisperse Nanocrystals and Close-Packed Nanocrystal Assemblies (2000)

▪ Abstract Solution phase syntheses and size-selective separation methods to prepare semiconductor and metal nanocrystals, tunable in size from ∼1 to 20 nm and monodisperse to ≤5%, are presented. Preparation of monodisperse samples enables systematic characterization of the structural, electronic, and optical properties of materials as they evolve from molecular to bulk in the nanometer size range. Sample uniformity makes it possible to manipulate nanocrystals into close-packed, glassy, and ordered nanocrystal assemblies (superlattices, colloidal crystals, supercrystals). Rigorous structural characterization is critical to understanding the electronic and optical properties of both nanocrystals and their assemblies. At inter-particle separations 5–100 Å, dipole-dipole interactions lead to energy transfer between neighboring nanocrystals, and electronic tunneling between proximal nanocrystals gives rise to dark and photoconductivity. At separations <5 Å, exchange interactions cause otherwise insulating assemblies to become semiconducting, metallic, or superconducting depending on nanocrystal composition. Tailoring the size and composition of the nanocrystals and the length and electronic structure of the matrix may tune the properties of nanocrystal solid-state materials.
Activity-based Criteria on Internationalization (2012)

The world economy is moving ever faster toward a highly interdependent state in which international business is creating a global market. Often, in this environment, growth or even survival of a business hinges on its successful internationalization. Therefore, firms need to ask the vital question of how internationalized are their operations? To answer such question requires, among other things, measuring the extent of global involvement. This paper is an attempt toward constructing an internationalization measure by using financial performance and market engagement data outside firm’s home country.
[Studies on the chemical constituents in root of Coleus forskohlii]. (2005)

Compounds 1 and 2 were isolated from the genus Coleus for the first time. Compounds 3 and 4 were isolated from C. forskohlii for the first time.
Amorphous Cr-C alloy plating from Cr(III)sulfate-amorphous oxalate bath. (1991)

The carbon contents in Cr-C deposits obtained from Cr (III) sulfate-ammonium oxalate baths changed from 0.8wt% up to 3.2wt% with increases in the oxalate concentration in the bath. The structure of the deposits changed from crystalline to amorphous at a carbon content of about 1.4wt%. With the heating of amorphous Cr-C alloy two exothermic reactions occurred-one at 250∼350°C due to crystallization of metallic Cr from the amorphous alloy, and the other at 610∼630°C due to the deposition of Cr7C3 in the Cr metal matrix. The Cr-C deposition and the evolution of hydrocarbon at cathode seem to be brought about by the reduction of oxalate to carbon on the electrode surface during Cr electrodeposition.
Result Analysis of the NIPS 2003 Feature Selection Challenge (2004)

The NIPS 2003 workshops included a feature selection competition organized by the authors. We provided participants with five datasets from different application domains and called for classification results using a minimal number of features. The competition took place over a period of 13 weeks and attracted 78 research groups. Participants were asked to make on-line submissions on the validation and test sets, with performance on the validation set being presented immediately to the participant and performance on the test set presented to the participants at the workshop. In total 1863 entries were made on the validation sets during the development period and 135 entries on all test sets for the final competition. The winners used a combination of Bayesian neural networks with ARD priors and Dirichlet diffusion trees. Other top entries used a variety of methods for feature selection, which combined filters and/or wrapper or embedded methods using Random Forests, kernel methods, or neural networks as a classification engine. The results of the benchmark (including the predictions made by the participants and the features they selected) and the scoring software are publicly available. The benchmark is available at www.nipsfsc.ecs.soton.ac.uk for post-challenge submissions to stimulate further research. 1
A genome-wide screen in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> reveals a critical role for the mitochondria in the toxicity of a trichothecene mycotoxin (2009)

Trichothecene mycotoxins synthesized by Fusarium species are potent inhibitors of eukaryotic translation. They are encountered in both the environment and in food, posing a threat to human and animal health. They have diverse roles in the cell that are not limited to the inhibition of protein synthesis. To understand the trichothecene mechanism of action, we screened the yeast knockout library to identify genes whose deletion confers resistance to trichothecin (Tcin). The largest group of resistant strains affected mitochondrial function, suggesting a role for fully active mitochondria in trichothecene toxicity. Tcin inhibited mitochondrial translation in the wild-type strain to a greater extent than in the most resistant strains, implicating mitochondrial translation as a previously unrecognized site of action. The Tcin-resistant strains were cross-resistant to anisomycin and chloramphenicol, suggesting that Tcin targets the peptidyltransferase center of mitochondrial ribosomes. Tcin-induced cell death was partially rescued by mutants that regulate mitochondrial fusion and maintenance of the tubular morphology of mitochondria. Treatment of yeast cells with Tcin led to the fragmentation of the tubular mitochondrial network, supporting a role for Tcin in disruption of mitochondrial membrane morphology. These results provide genome-wide insight into the mode of action of trichothecene mycotoxins and uncover a critical role for mitochondrial translation and membrane maintenance in their toxicity.
View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) (2002)

This document describes the View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for use in the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) architecture. It defines the Elements of Procedure for controlling access to management information. This document also includes a Management Information Base (MIB) for remotely managing the configuration parameters for the View-based Access Control Model. This document obsoletes RFC 2575.
A Thiol-Reactive Fluorescence Probe Based on Donor-Excited Photoinduced Electron Transfer:  Key Role of Ortho Substitution (2007)

We designed and synthesized a novel thiol-reactive fluorescence probe based on the BODIPY fluorophore. The fluorescence of this probe is strongly quenched by donor-excited photoinduced electron transfer (d-PeT) from BODIPY to maleimide, but after reaction with thiol, the fluorescence of BODIPY is restored, affording a 350-fold intensity increase.
Molecular structure and its change: hydrocarbons (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular structure and its change: hydrocarbonsRichard F. W. Bader, Ting Hua Tang, Yoram Tal, and Friedrich W. Biegler-KoenigCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 4, 940–945Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00368a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00368a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views325Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Basal Metabolic Rate of Adolescent Modern Pentathlon Athletes: Agreement between Indirect Calorimetry and Predictive Equations and the Correlation with Body Parameters (2015)

The FAO equation underestimated athletes' BMR when compared with IC (T Test). When compared to the golden standard IC, using Bland and Altman, ICC and Survival-Agreement, the equations underestimated the energy needs of adolescent pentathlon athletes up to 300kcal/day. Therefore, they should be used with caution when estimating individual energy requirements in such populations.
pH-Sensitive, N-ethoxybenzylimidazole (NEBI) bifunctional crosslinkers enable triggered release of therapeutics from drug delivery carriers (2010)

This paper presents a pH-sensitive bifunctional crosslinker that enables facile conjugation of small molecule therapeutics to macromolecular carriers for use in drug delivery systems. This N-ethoxybenzylimidazole (NEBI) bifunctional crosslinker was designed to exploit mildly acidic, subcellular environments to trigger the release of therapeutics upon internalization in cells. We demonstrate that an analog of doxorubicin (a representative example of an anticancer therapeutic) conjugated to human serum albumin (HSA, a representative example of a macromolecular carrier) via this NEBI crosslinker can internalize and localize into acidic lysosomes of ovarian cancer cells. Fluorescence imaging and cell viability studies demonstrate that the HSA-NEBI-doxorubicin conjugate exhibited improved uptake and cytotoxic activity compared to the unconjugated doxorubicin analog. The pH-sensitive NEBI group was also shown to be relatively stable to biologically-relevant metal Lewis acids and to serum proteins, supporting that these bifunctional crosslinkers may be useful for constructing drug delivery systems that will be stable in biological fluids such as blood.
Influence of the “Squeeze Jacket” on Lung Function in Young Infants (1988)

The possible influence of the "squeeze jacket" on measurements of lung function in young infants was examined in 29 infants. In 19 infants, a comparison was made between jacket off and jacket on with the arms held inside the jacket. With the jacket on (arms inside), we found a significant reduction in thoracic gas volume (TGV). Passive compliance of the respiratory system (Crs) was also significantly decreased, while the resistance of the respiratory system (Rrs) was significantly increased. An additional 10 infants were studied comparing jacket off with jacket on (arms outside) and jacket on (arms inside). TGV was significantly less with the jacket on (arms inside) compared to jacket off and jacket on (arms outside), while Rrs and mouth pressure at end-inspiratory occlusion (Pm) were significantly increased. There was no difference between jacket off and jacket on (arms outside). These observations suggest that the squeeze jacket with the arms held at the infant's side inside the jacket exerts a restricting effect on chest and abdominal wall movement and leads to errors in the measurements. To avoid these potential errors, measurements should be made without the jacket on or with the arms held outside the jacket.
Rapid and simultaneous detection of human hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus antibodies based on a protein chip assay using nano-gold immunological amplification and silver staining method (2005)

Results showed that our assay can be applied with serology for the detection of HBV and HCV antibodies rapidly and simultaneously in clinical detection.
A comparison of white rice husk ash and silica as fillers in ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer vulcanizates (2001)

Abstract White rice husk ash (WRHA) and silica filled ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer (EPDM) vulcanizates were prepared using a laboratory size two‐roll mill. Curing characteristics and physical properties of vulcanizates were studied with respect to the filler loading and filler type. Filler loading was varied from 0–50 parts per hundred resin (phr) at 10 phr intervals. Curing was carried out using a semi‐efficient vulcanization system in a Monsanto rheometer. Enhancement of the curing rate was observed with increasing WRHA loading, whereas the opposite trend was observed for silica‐filled vulcanizates. It was also indicated by the maximum torque and Mooney viscosity results that WRHA offers processing advantages over silica. Compared to the silica‐filled vulcanizates, the effect of filler loading on the physical properties of WRHA‐filled vulcanizates was not significant. According to these observations, WRHA could be used as a diluent filler for EPDM rubber, while silica can be used as a reinforcing filler. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Neural network-based modeling and design of on-chip spiral inductors (2004)

A neural network approach is presented for the modeling and re-design of high-Q on-chip spiral inductors. The approach involves the creation of neural network models to map 3D multi-level spiral inductor geometric and material characteristics to SPICE equivalent circuit parameters. The neural network replaces computationally expensive FEM-based extraction and field solution. The approach is especially attractive because it is capable of accurately and efficiently predicting important inductor characteristics such as self-inductance, Q-factor, self-resonant frequency and parasitic resistance and capacitance. It also offers substantial computational savings over field solution-evaluation of neural model required on average 2% of the cpu time required for field solution. The neural approach served not only as a basis for fast spiral inductor circuit extraction but also permits fast spiral layout design refinement from post-optimization inductor circuit-level parameters.
Solubilities of CO and H<sub>2</sub> in Neat and CO<sub>2</sub>-Expanded Hydroformylation Reaction Mixtures Containing 1-Octene and Nonanal up to 353.15 K and 9 MPa (2009)

Accurate knowledge of the phase equilibria of CO2-expanded hydroformylation reaction mixtures is essential to rational process design and development. Vapor−liquid equilibria of the following systems were measured in a variable-volume view cell at temperatures ranging from (313.15 to 353.15) K and pressures up to 9 MPa: CO + 1-octene, CO2 + 1-octene, CO + 1-octene + CO2, CO + nonanal, CO2 + nonanal, CO + nonanal + CO2, H2 + 1-octene, H2 + 1-octene + CO2, H2 + nonanal, and H2 + nonanal + CO2. The measured solubilities of CO and H2 in the liquid phases were consistent with literature values. The presence of CO2 was found to enhance the solubilities of both CO and H2 in the liquid phase. The enhancement factor is up to 1.54 for carbon monoxide and 1.82 for hydrogen. The Peng−Robinson equation of state (PR EoS) with van der Waals mixing rules and binary interaction parameters modeled the VLE data adequately, with much better fits for the 1-octene systems compared to the more polar nonanal systems.
An Academic Chairman Looks at Governance (1972)

(1972). An Academic Chairman Looks at Governance. Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning: Vol. 4, No. 7, pp. 24-29.
A Comparative Study of Anomaly Detection Schemes in Network Intrusion Detection (2003)

Intrusion detection corresponds to a suite of techniques that are used to identify attacks against computers and network infrastructures. Anomaly detection is a key element of intrusion detection in which perturbations of normal behavior suggest the presence of intentionally or unintentionally induced attacks, faults, defects, etc. This paper focuses on a detailed comparative study of several anomaly detection schemes for identifying different network intrusions. Several existing supervised and unsupervised anomaly detection schemes and their variations are evaluated on the DARPA 1998 data set of network connections [9] as well as on real network data using existing standard evaluation techniques as well as using several specific metrics that are appropriate when detecting attacks that involve a large number of connections. Our experimental results indicate that some anomaly detection schemes appear very promising when detecting novel intrusions in both DARPA'98 data and real network data.
Dynamic control of performance monitoring on large scale parallel systems (1993)

Performance monitoring of large scale parallel computers creates a dilemma: we need to collect detailed information to find performance bottlenecks, yet collecting all this data can introduce serious data collection bottlenecks. At the same time, users are being inundated with volumes of complex graphs and tables that require a performance expert to interpret. We present a new approach called the W3 Search Model, that addresses both these problems by combining dynamic on-the-fly selection of what performance data to collect with decision support to assist users with the selection and presentation of performance data. We present a case study describing how a prototype implementation of our technique was able to identify the bottlenecks in three real programs. In addition, we were able to reduce the amount of performance data collected by a factor ranging from 13 to 700 compared to traditional sampling and trace based instrumentation techniques.
FluPhone study (2011)

This paper introduces the FluPhone project, where data collection of human contact, flu-like symptoms and virtual disease spread are experimented using various phones ranging Java phones to Android phones. FluPhone uses Pocket Switched Networks as base and exploits the framework of the Haggle project.
Photoacoustic study of laser damage in thin films (1980)

We have developed a photoacoustic method that is capable of detecting the occurrence of laser damage in optical thin films and of providing new data about energy transfer processes in the presence of damage.
Proso Millet (<i>Panicum miliaceum</i>) Control in Corn (<i>Zea mays</i>) by Postemergence-Directed Herbicides (1988)

Proso millet ( Panicum miliaceum L. # PANMI) was controlled in corn ( Zea mays L. ‘Pioneer 3747’) with postemergence-directed herbicides applied following a standard preplant-incorporated application of butylate [S -ethylbis(2-methylpropyl)carbamothioate] plus dichlormid (2,2-dichloro- N , N -di-2-propenylacetamide) plus cyanazine {2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-methylpropanenitrile}. Postemergence-directed applications of ametryn [ N -ethyl- N ′-(1-methylethyl)-6-(methylthio)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine], cloproxydim {( E , E )-2-[1-[[(3-chloro-2-propenyl)oxy]imino]butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one}, butyl ester of fluazifop {(±)-2-[4-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy] propanoic acid}, butyl ester of fluazifop-p {( R )-2-[4-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy] propanoic acid}, glyphosate [ N -(phosphonomethyl)glycine], methyl ester of haloxyfop {2-[4-[[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid}, and sethoxydim {2-[1-(ethoxyimino)butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one} in 40-cm-tall corn gave greater than 90% control of 5- to 15-cm-tall proso millet while causing little or no corn injury at selected rates. Season-long proso millet control was obtained with sethoxydim at rates as low as 56 g ai/ha with no visible corn injury. Unacceptable injury to 40-cm-tall corn occurred with all but the lowest rate of sethoxydim (56 g ai/ha) when a crop oil concentrate was used. Sethoxydim applied as a directed spray at rates up to 110 g ai/ha plus 1.25% (v/v) crop oil concentrate did not injure 60-cm-tall corn.
Coccidioidomycosis as a Common Cause of Community-acquired Pneumonia (2006)

The early manifestations of coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) are similar to those of other causes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Without specific etiologic testing, the true frequency of valley fever may be underestimated by public health statistics. Therefore, we conducted a prospective observational study of adults with recent onset of a lower respiratory tract syndrome. Valley fever was serologically confirmed in 16 (29%) of 55 persons (95% confidence interval 16%-44%). Antimicrobial medications were used in 81% of persons with valley fever. Symptomatic differences at the time of enrollment had insufficient predictive value for valley fever to guide clinicians without specific laboratory tests. Thus, valley fever is a common cause of CAP after exposure in a disease-endemic region. If CAP develops in persons who travel or reside in Coccidioides-endemic regions, diagnostic evaluation should routinely include laboratory evaluation for this organism.
Q-행렬 변화에 따른 혼합모형(Fusion Model) 모수 비교 (2010)

혼합모형(Fusion Model), DINA, NIDA 등과 같은 인지진단모형에서는 검사를 구성하는 문항들과 피험자들이 그 문항을 정확하게 풀기 위해 요구되는 속성들 간의 관계를 Q-행렬로 나타내고 있다. 인지진단모형에 있어서 학습자들의 능력을 추정하기 위해서는 문항에 의해서 측정되는 속성을 구체화하고 이 속성들과 문항과의 연관성을 찾아내는 과정이 매우...
Authoring Data-Driven Videos with DataClips (2016)

Data videos, or short data-driven motion graphics, are an increasingly popular medium for storytelling. However, creating data videos is difficult as it involves pulling together a unique combination of skills. We introduce DataClips, an authoring tool aimed at lowering the barriers to crafting data videos. DataClips allows non-experts to assemble data-driven "clips" together to form longer sequences. We constructed the library of data clips by analyzing the composition of over 70 data videos produced by reputable sources such as The New York Times and The Guardian. We demonstrate that DataClips can reproduce over 90% of our data videos corpus. We also report on a qualitative study comparing the authoring process and outcome achieved by (1) non-experts using DataClips, and (2) experts using Adobe Illustrator and After Effects to create data-driven clips. Results indicated that non-experts are able to learn and use DataClips with a short training period. In the span of one hour, they were able to produce more videos than experts using a professional editing tool, and their clips were rated similarly by an independent audience.
In vitro influence of apatite-granule-specific area on human growth hormone loading and release (1998)

Although calcium phosphate biomaterials often are used as drug delivery systems (DDS) at bone sites, the conditions affecting the loading of the therapeutic agent (TA) have not been well documented. A human growth hormone (hGH) adsorption method was used in this study to investigate the influence of the formulated apatite (AP)-specific area on loading and release. AP powders were formulated with a 200-500 microm granulometry and various specific areas. Two milligrams of hGH in solution were deposited for 24 h at 37 degrees C on 100 mg of AP with different specific areas. The amount of hGH loaded was determined by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) and eluted stain bioassay (ESTA) using Nb2 lymphoma rat cells. Although loading was not greatly influenced by a specific area between 3 and 25 m2/g, dependency was noted for higher specific areas. Human GH release was measured by IRMA and ESTA over a 33-day period, with half-time release between 25 and 79 h. Comparison of IRMA and ESTA measurements for the hGH amounts loaded showed that hGH biologic activity was conserved. Results indicate that it is feasible to control the quantity of TA loading on AP by modifying specific areas for in vivo applications.