gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Size- and Solvent-Dependent Magnetically Responsive Optical Diffraction of Carbon-Encapsulated Superparamagnetic Colloidal Photonic Crystals (2011)

The size and solvent dependence of magnetically responsive photonic crystals was investigated using carbon-encapsulated superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles as building blocks. The wavelength dependence of the optical diffraction on particle size was demonstrated using colloidal nanoparticles spherical in shape and having an average diameter of 100, 150, 200, and 250 nm. A colloidal suspension with a particle size of 250 nm can only diffract red light, whereas the suspension with a particle size of 100 nm can only diffract blue light, no matter how the magnetic induction changes in strength. The solvent-dependent diffraction of photonic crystals under an external magnetic field was carried out by dispersing the colloidal nanoparticles in solvents, including acetone, ethanol, DMSO, and water. It is shown that the reflection rate was reduced as the hydrogen-bonding ability of the solvent increased.
An Overview of the Mimesis Architecture: Integrating Intelligent Narrative Control into an Existing Gaming Environment (2001)

State University, a multidisciplinary group of faculty and students seeking to create interactive narrative environments. To do this, we are designing and building
Effect of Free-Stream Turbulence on Heat Transfer through a Turbulent Boundary Layer (1978)

Measurements in a boundary layer in zero pressure gradient show that the effect of grid-generated free-stream turbulence is to increase heat transfer by about five percent for each one percent rms increase of the longitudinal intensity. In fact, even a Reynolds analogy factor, 2 × (Stanton number)/(skin-friction coefficient), increases significantly. It is suggested that the irreconcilable differences between previous measurements are attributable mainly to the low Reynolds numbers of most of those measurements. The present measurements attained a momentum-thickness Reynolds number of 6500 (chord Reynolds number approximately 6.3 × 106) and are thought to be typical of high-Reynolds-number flows.
Proximity effect correction for an electron beam direct writing system EX-7 (1989)

A new proximity effect correction software system has been developed, which is characterized by the usage of an approximate correction dose formula. The arrayed shot method was developed and a hierarchical data format was used to compact the amount of EB data. An inversion method has also been developed and a hierarchical pattern layout structure was used to accelerate the correction calculation speed. The proximity effect correction system has been installed into a high voltage electron beam direct writing system EX-7 and has been applied to some LSI patterns. The calculation time for correction was about 0.7 h for a 4 MDRAM and about 1 h for a 20 k gate array by using a 14 MIPS computer. The amount of EB data was about 40 Mbytes for the DRAM and about 50 Mbytes for the gate array.
Synthesis and reactivity of novel palladium(II)-isocyanide complexes (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and reactivity of novel palladium(II)-isocyanide complexesBruno Crociani, Tristano Boschi, and Umberto BellucoCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1970, 9, 9, 2021–2025Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1970https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50091a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views474Altmetric-Citations114LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (557 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Mode-locked pulsed fiber array scalable to high power (2004)

We have developed and demonstrated a fiber amplifier based architecture capable of high peak power pulsed operation that is scalable to high average powers ⪆10 kW. Our approach uses a mode-locked master oscillator to provide the short pulse waveform and an array of fiber amplifiers to provide high efficiency power amplification using a coherently phased, wavelength multiplexed approach. The mode-locked oscillator input is decomposed into its individual modes using a grating, the individual wavelengths are then amplified in a CW format in the fiber amplifier array, recombined with a second grating, and phased to reproduce a high peak power, short pulsewidth, mode-locked output train. We report the initial demonstration of this architecture with an array of 4 fiber amplifiers. 4 modes of the master oscillator output were selected and amplified from 1 mW to 1 Watt each, followed by recombination and phasing. The phased output pulse train effectively reproduced the master oscillator pulse shape, providing a mode-locked output train of 50 psec pulses. The phase control is performed in parallel for each element of the amplifier array and is directly scalable to high average powers by increasing the power of the individual amplifiers and increasing the size of the amplifier array.
Biochemical and functional characterization of anti‐HIV antibody–ELP fusion proteins from transgenic plants (2008)

The stability and recovery of recombinant proteins expressed in plants are improved by fusion to elastin-like peptides (ELPs). In order to test the suitability of ELP for the production of pharmaceutical proteins, transgenic plants were created that individually expressed the light and heavy chains of the broadly neutralizing anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (anti-HIV-1) monoclonal antibody 2F5, which is being evaluated as a microbicide component. The antibody chains were expressed both with and without a C-terminal ELP fusion. Crossing these plants in all combinations resulted in transgenic lines producing the full antibody in four formats, with ELP on either the light or heavy chains, on both or on neither. Characterization of the affinity-purified antibodies by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy showed that the kinetic binding parameters were identical to those of a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell counterpart lacking ELP. N-Glycan analysis showed that all four derivatives contained predominantly oligo-mannose-type N-glycans and that the ELP fusions had no significant effect on N-glycan structure. It was concluded that ELP fusion to the light chain, heavy chain or both chains of a plant-derived antibody had no adverse affects on protein quality, but had a positive impact on the yield. ELP fusions do not interfere with folding, assembly, trafficking in the secretory pathway or post-translational modification, but enhance stability whilst at the same time simplifying recovery.
Efficient encoding and minimum distance bounds of Reed-Solomon-type array codes (2003)

Array codes that are based on Reed-Solomon codes have been recognized to give a simple deterministic construction of binary low-density parity-check codes, which for moderate lengths and high rates achieve similar performance as randomly constructed codes. New sparse generator matrices for these quasi-cyclic codes are presented that lead to fast encoding schemes with linear complexity in the code length. From the low-density properties of these generator matrices upper bounds on the minimum Hamming distance of the codes are derived.
Bracing in the treatment of children with clubfoot: past, present, and future. (2010)

Bracing is a critical component of the current standard of treatment for clubfoot. Adherence to the bracing protocol is the main factor for the long-term success of the treatment The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of clubfoot braces, best practices in brace design and recommendations for bracing in order to improve adherence with the bracing phase of the clubfoot treatment. There are a number of designs and offerings of braces available in various regions of the world. Although many new brace designs are being proposed and developed, evidence in the literature regarding biomechanical effects, clinical outcomes, functionality and patient adherence is limited. The current research that is available regarding brace design focuses on increasing patient comfort and satisfaction to improve adherence. Although the currently available braces are widely distributed in developed countries, access is limited to many parts of the world. When considering the future of the clubfoot treatment and prevention of relapses, since 80% of the cases are in developing countries with limited resources, brace cost and availability needs to be assessed.
A plasmid cloning vehicle for Haemophilus influenzae and Escherichia coli (1982)

A new plasmid cloning vehicle (pDM2) was used to introduce a library of Haemophilus influenzae chromosomal fragments into H. influenzae. Transformants of the highly recombination-defective rec-1 mutant were more likely to contain exclusively recombinant plasmids after exposure to ligated DNA mixtures than was the wild type. pDM2 could replicate in Escherichia coli K-12.
Improved Hysteresis Current Control of a Single Phase, Three Level, Double PFC Converter (2007)

Single ended, single phase, power factor corrector (PFC) Boost Converter, is one of the most popular AC/DC converters, because of a number of advantages i.e. its step up voltage ratio, simplest topology and high efficiency. However, for high voltage or high power applications, three level PFC converter is one of the most promising solutions. For high power applications, current operation frequency and Bandwidth must be limited to avoid Electromagnetic EMI interference. This paper presents a fixed frequency hysteresis current control for Three level Single-Phase, Boost double PFC Converter. The proposed methodoly presents hysteresis current control with adaptive band error to constrain switching frequency for a given range. A fast response, a relative small bandwidth and reduced harmonic content are qualities of the technique proposed; furthermore, coupling Output Voltage problem is avoided, by means of compensating current reference. Simulation results confirm the proposed technique.
Development of a Quartz Crystal Microbalance Biosensor with Aptamers as Bio-recognition Element (2010)

The ultimate goal in any biosensor development project is its use for actual sample detection. Recently, there has been an interest in biosensors with aptamers as bio-recognition elements, but reported examples all deal with standards, not human serum. In order to verify the differences of aptamer-based biosensor and antibody-based biosensor in clinical detection, a comparison of the performance of aptamer-based and antibody-based quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) biosensors for the detection of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in human serum was carried out. Aptamers (or antibodies) specific to IgE were immobilized on the gold surface of a quartz crystal. The frequency shifts of the QCM were measured. The linear range with the antibody (10-240 μg/L) compared to that of the aptamer (2.5-200 μg/L), but a lower detection limit could be observed in the aptamer-based biosensor. The reproducibility of the two biosensors was comparable. The aptamers were equivalent or superior to antibodies in terms of specificity and sensitivity. In addition, the aptamer receptors could tolerate repeated affine layer regeneration after ligand binding and recycling of the biosensor with little loss of sensitivity. When stored for three weeks, the frequency shifts of the aptamer-coated crystals were all greater than 90% of those on the response at the first day.
Effect of Environmental Conditions on Extracellular Protease Activity in Lignolytic Cultures of <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> (1990)

Two different types of extracellular protease activity were identified in the culture fluid of Phanerochaete chrysosporium wild-type BKM-F grown in submerged batch culture on N-limited media. The first activity, which appears to be inherent to the active growth phase, displayed a maximum on day 2 and decreased to a very low level on day 4. The second activity, which appeared at day 8 following the peak of ligninase activity, seems to be characteristic of late secondary metabolism and is stimulated by carbon starvation. Cultures started with half the amount of glucose of other cultures showed a remarkably earlier development of secondary activity. In contrast, the fed-batch addition of glucose started when ligninase activity was at a maximum (day 6) completely repressed secondary protease activity and enhanced ligninase production. The addition of exogenous veratryl alcohol increased the level of secondary protease activity, whereas the oxygen supply pattern significantly affected both the time course and the level of overall proteolytic activity. The addition of phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride to growing cultures (0, 1, or 6 days) diminished overall protease activity, while it significantly enhanced ligninase activity. In all cases, the time courses of protease and ligninase activities were negatively correlated, indicating that protease activity promotes the decline of ligninase activity in batch culture.
A digital four terminal-pair impedance bridge (2016)

This paper describes a four terminal-pair digital impedance bridge aided by digital adaptive phase regulation. It allows the comparison of ac resistances and capacitances with outstanding accuracy and with measurement uncertainties bearing only some 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−06</sup> Ω/Ω.
Role of v-Raf and truncated form RAF1 in the induction of vascular endothelial growth factor and vascularization (2004)

In this work we studied the effect of v-raf and different form RAF on up regulation of VEGF gene expression and angiogenesis. In the experiments the truncated forms of RAF1 gene were transfected into the cells of the established human urothelial line HCV-29, otherwise non-angiogenic. The plasmids coding for mitochondrial targeted dominant active or dominant negative RAF1 (DAM, DNM respectively) were deleted with RAS binding domain. DAM has the ability to phosphorylate BAD whereas DNM cannot phosphorylate BAD. DAM RAF1, similarly to v-raf transfected cells, induced up-regulation of VEGF and caused angiogenic phenotype as studied in vivo. DNM RAF1 transfectants induced VEGF independent angiogenesis.
Intelligent Handover Scheme for Drone Using Fuzzy Inference Systems (2017)

Many network technologies, including cellular, Wifi, and WiMAX, coexist in wireless networks. With the increasing demand on mobility-based network services on account of the popularity of smart devices, users expect network environments in which they can readily access the Internet at any time and place. An effective handover decision is necessary to provide users with continued services while they are mobile. Existing studies on handover have strived to improve the mobility of the object moving and communicating on the ground. However, a traditional handover decision is not suitable for a drone moving and communicating in 3-D space. Therefore, in this paper, parameters that represent the characteristics of drones communicating within 3-D space are defined, including speed limit and coverage. Using these parameters as input variables, a fuzzy inference method for the handover decision is proposed. A fuzzy inference system is composed of four steps. First, terminal-related information is analyzed to select the factors that can affect the drone handover decision. Second, the input data values are converted into membership functions. Third, the reasoning rules for the handover decision are designed and applied. Finally, the handover is decided by considering the current information of the drone. The computation of the number of handover decisions has shown that considering the terminal-related parameters and the network-related parameters has a positive effect on the handover decision.
Sparse similarity-preserving hashing (2013)

In recent years, a lot of attention has been devoted to efficient nearest neighbor search by means of similarity-preserving hashing. One of the plights of existing hashing techniques is the intrinsic trade-off between performance and computational complexity: while longer hash codes allow for lower false positive rates, it is very difficult to increase the embedding dimensionality without incurring in very high false negatives rates or prohibiting computational costs. In this paper, we propose a way to overcome this limitation by enforcing the hash codes to be sparse. Sparse high-dimensional codes enjoy from the low false positive rates typical of long hashes, while keeping the false negative rates similar to those of a shorter dense hashing scheme with equal number of degrees of freedom. We use a tailored feed-forward neural network for the hashing function. Extensive experimental evaluation involving visual and multi-modal data shows the benefits of the proposed method.
A modality‐independent approach to spatial normalization of tomographic images of the human brain (1995)

Abstract A modality‐independent approch for interactive spatial normalization of tomographic images of the human brain is described and its performance evaluated. Spatial normalization is accomplished using a nine‐parameter affine transformation to interactively align and adjust the shape of a subject brain to the reference brain detailed in the 1988 atlas of Talairach et al. A user‐friendly software application was developed using the X‐windows Motif environment to guide the user through this process. This software supports data types from a wide variety of tomographic imagers and produces output in spatially concise formats. The parameters used for spatial alignment and shape normalization are presented and methods to apply them discussed. Where normalization parameters cannot be obtained directly from the image, as with positron emission tomography (PET), methods for estimating them are given. Evaluation of a new four‐landmark method to fit the AC‐PC line in 16 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies indicated an average difference assessed as the distance between the true and fitted AC‐PC line at four locations of 0.82 mm when using a 2‐D weighted fit. The same landmarks were evaluated using lower spatial resolution PET‐like images simulated from the 16 MRI studies. The difference between the PET and MR image volumes following alignment was minimal, with mean rotational differences of less than 0.2 deg and mean translational differences of generally less than 2 mm. Spatial normalization is illustrated for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), X‐ray computed tomography (CT), PET, and MR image volumes. Modality‐independent spatial normalization can be consistently and reliably performed with the methods and software presented. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Studies on Protective Coating. II (1958)

Amine derivatives of sugars and polyhydric alcohols were prepared and their utility as the protective coating agent was examined. The amine derivatives of sugars were prepared either by refluxing glucose, xylose, or lactose with various amines in alcohol or by the application of various amines to sucrose, dextrin, and mannitol p-toluenesulfonates. Of these various amine derivatives, dodecylamine N-lactoside and N-xyloside were the only ones that possessed resistance to water, solubility in gastric juice, and ability to form a membrane. These were used as a coating on starch-lactose tablets and their resistance to water and solubility in gastric juice were tested by measuring the duration of disintegration in distilled water and simulated gastric fluid. Both derivatives were found to be excellent agent for a protective coating.
Inference of interactions in cyanobacterial–heterotrophic co-cultures via transcriptome sequencing (2014)

We used deep sequencing technology to identify transcriptional adaptation of the euryhaline unicellular cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 and the marine facultative aerobe Shewanella putrefaciens W3-18-1 to growth in a co-culture and infer the effect of carbon flux distributions on photoautotroph-heterotroph interactions. The overall transcriptome response of both organisms to co-cultivation was shaped by their respective physiologies and growth constraints. Carbon limitation resulted in the expansion of metabolic capacities, which was manifested through the transcriptional upregulation of transport and catabolic pathways. Although growth coupling occurred via lactate oxidation or secretion of photosynthetically fixed carbon, there was evidence of specific metabolic interactions between the two organisms. These hypothesized interactions were inferred from the excretion of specific amino acids (for example, alanine and methionine) by the cyanobacterium, which correlated with the downregulation of the corresponding biosynthetic machinery in Shewanella W3-18-1. In addition, the broad and consistent decrease of mRNA levels for many Fe-regulated Synechococcus 7002 genes during co-cultivation may indicate increased Fe availability as well as more facile and energy-efficient mechanisms for Fe acquisition by the cyanobacterium. Furthermore, evidence pointed at potentially novel interactions between oxygenic photoautotrophs and heterotrophs related to the oxidative stress response as transcriptional patterns suggested that Synechococcus 7002 rather than Shewanella W3-18-1 provided scavenging functions for reactive oxygen species under co-culture conditions. This study provides an initial insight into the complexity of photoautotrophic-heterotrophic interactions and brings new perspectives of their role in the robustness and stability of the association.
Free Enthalpy of Ternary Alloy Superlattice (1982)

Abstract Increments due to superlattice structure are formulated for the free enthalpy and some other thermodynamic entities as functions of composition, geometry parameters and temperature. Physical contents of the general expressions, derived for simple (quasi‐regular) pseudobinary solutions, are illustrated by numerical data valid for the In x Ga 1– x As/GaAs system. It is suggested that the free enthalpy of superlattice, is, at least at higher temperatures, largely dominated by the configuration entropy term. Corrections due to nonideality appear to be quite sizeable for the selected ternary alloy.
Bioconversion of Acrylonitrile to Acrylamide Using a Thermostable Nitrile Hydratase (1999)

Although providing an attractive route for production of acrylamide from acrylonitrile, utilization of nitrile hydratase enzymes has been limited by the requirement for low temperature bioconversion conditions. This report summarizes a search for thermostable nitrile hydratases from aerobic moderate thermophiles screened for ability to grow on acrylonitrile at concentrations to 1% at elevated temperatures. A new isolate Bacillus sp. BR449 constitutively expresses a thermostable nitrile hydratase with properties including low substrate inhibition and broad temperature range with optimal activity at 55° C. With prolonged exposure, BR449 nitrile hydratase exhibited temperature-dependent inactivation by acrylonitrile, which is attributed to alkyla-tion of nucleophilic sites on the enzyme.