gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transformation of methylotrophic bacteria by electroporation (1997)

An efficient system for electroporation of the methylotrophic bacteria Hyphomicrobium facilis, Hyphomicrobium denitrificans, Methylobacillus glycogenes, Methylobacterium extorquens, and Methylophilus methylotrophus is described. It could be demonstrated that vectors based on the broad-host-range plasmid pBBR1 could be transferred into these strains. Plasmid pBBR1KAN (3.9 kb), a kanamycin-resistant derivative of pBBR1, was suitable for transformation experiments in these methylotrophic bacteria. Transformation efficiencies up to 10(4) transformants/microgram plasmid pBBR1KAN were obtained. The broad-host-range plasmid pLA2917 was transferred into Hyphomicrobium species by a triparental mating. However, this plasmid was integrated into the genome of Hyphomicrobium spp. Plasmids pLA2917, pKT231, pSUP2021, pRZ705, and phage DNA could not be transferred in Hyphomicrobium spp. by electroporation under the conditions applied.
LRIG1 Extracellular Domain: Structure and Function Analysis (2015)

We have expressed and purified three soluble fragments of the human LRIG1-ECD (extracellular domain): the LRIG1-LRR (leucine-rich repeat) domain, the LRIG1-3Ig (immunoglobulin-like) domain, and the LRIG1-LRR-1Ig fragment using baculovirus vectors in insect cells. The two LRIG1 domains crystallised so that we have been able to determine the three-dimensional structures at 2.3Å resolution. We developed a three-dimensional structure for the LRIG1-ECD using homology modelling based on the LINGO-1 structure. The LRIG1-LRR domain and the LRIG1-LRR-1Ig fragment are monomers in solution, whereas the LRIG1-3Ig domain appears to be dimeric. We could not detect any binding of the LRIG1 domains or the LRIG1-LRR-1Ig fragment to the EGF receptor (EGFR), either in solution using biosensor analysis or when the EGFR was expressed on the cell surface. The FLAG-tagged LRIG1-LRR-1Ig fragment binds weakly to colon cancer cells regardless of the presence of EGFRs. Similarly, neither the soluble LRIG1-LRR nor the LRIG1-3Ig domains nor the full-length LRIG1 co-expressed in HEK293 cells inhibited ligand-stimulated activation of cell-surface EGFR.
Determination of Wettability by Dye Adsorption (1958)

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Vol. 213, 1958, pages 261–264. Paper presented at 32nd Annual Fall Meeting of Society of Petroleum Engineers in Dallas, Tex., Oct. 6–9, 1957. Abstract A method has been developed for determining the relative water wettability (fraction of the surface wet by water) of porous media. This method involves the adsorption of methylene blue dye from an aqueous solution onto the solid surfaces of rock contacted by the injected dye solution. Experiments on Berea sandstone cores have shown that water-wet cores adsorb a large amount of dye from solution. In oil-wet cores, however, the injected aqueous dye solution is prevented from contacting the adsorptive surfaces by a film of oil and virtually no dye is adsorbed. This method was tested by experiments on mixtures of water-wet and oil-wet sand. Using the dye adsorption method, it was possible to determine quantitatively the fraction of water-wet and oil-wet sand in such mixtures. The dye adsorption test is readily applied to determining the relative water wettability of fresh oilfield cores. The cores are not extracted before testing. Observed values of the wettability of field cores tested to date have varied from 100 to 6 percent water wet.
Photo-induced currents in CdZnTe crystals as a function of illumination wavelength (2012)

Abstract We report variations in the currents of CdZnTe semiconductor crystals during exposure to a series of light emitting diodes of various wavelengths ranging from 470 to 950 nm. The changes in the steady-state current of one CdZnTe crystal with and without illumination along with the time dependence of the illumination effects are discussed. Analysis of the de-trapping and transient bulk currents during and after optical excitation yield insight into the behaviour of charge traps within the crystal. Similar behaviour is observed for illumination of a second CdZnTe crystal suggesting that the overall illumination effects are not crystal dependent.
Phosphorylation of the Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor Required for Its Efficient Transcytosis (1990)

The endosomal compartment of polarized epithelial cells is a major crossroads for membrane traffic. Proteins entering this compartment from the cell surface are sorted for transport to one of several destinations: recycling to the original cell surface, targeting to lysosomes for degradation, or transcytosis to the opposite surface. The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), which is normally transcytosed from the basolateral to the apical surface, was used as a model to dissect the signals that mediate this sorting event. When exogenous receptor was expressed in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells, it was shown that phosphorylation of pIgR at the serine residue at position 664 is required for efficient transcytosis. Replacement of this serine with alanine generated a receptor that is transcytosed only slowly, and appears to be recycled. Conversely, substitution with aspartic acid (which mimics the negative charge of the phosphate group) results in rapid transcytosis. It was concluded that phosphorylation is the signal that directs the pIgR from the endosome into the transcytotic pathway.
An Overview of the Modulatory Effects of Oleic Acid in Health and Disease (2013)

Evidences in the last years have showed the effects of oleic acid (OA) in human health and disease. Olive oil, rich in oleic acid, is supposed to present modulatory effects in a wide physiological functions, while some studies also suggest a beneficial effect on cancer, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, besides its ability to facilitate wound healing. Although the OA role in immune responses are still controversial, the administration of olive oil containing diets may improve the immune response associated to a more successful elimination of pathogens such as bacteria and fungi, by interfering in many components of this system such as macrophages, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Then, novel putative therapies for inflammatory and infectious diseases could be developed based on the characteristics presented by unsaturated fatty acids like OA. Finally, the purpose of this work was to review some of the modulatory effects of OA on inflammatory diseases and health, aiming at high lightening its potential role on the future establishment of novel therapeutic approaches for infections, inflammatory, immune, cardiovascular diseases or skin repair based on this fatty acid mainly found in the Mediterranean diet.
Effect of Pressure and Oxygen Concentration on Quenching Distances of Flammable Gases. (1992)

Quenching distances have been measured for methane, ethane, propane, buta ne, ethylene oxide, and hydrogen, respectively, for different total pressures and oxygen concentrations (Fig.1). It has been found that the values of equivalence ratio φ, which correspond to the minimum quenching distances do not much change when the pressure and/or oxygen concentration are changed. The effects of pressure and oxygen concentration on the quenching distances of methane through butane are very similar. For ethylene oxide, the effect of oxygen concentration becomes relatively small. For hydrogen, this trend is more exaggerated than for ethylene oxide. The values of reaction order and activation energy have been estimated from the changes of the minimum quenching distances (Table 1). The values estimated here for methane and hydrogen are compared with those determined from the burning velocity in the literature (Tables 2 and 3). Agreement is not good between the values estimated from the quenching distances and those obtained from the burning velocities.
MDCT of Patients with Acute Abdominal Pain: A New Perspective Using Coronal Reformations from Submillimeter Isotropic Voxels (2004)

MDCT of Patients with Acute Abdominal Pain: A New Perspective Using Coronal Reformations from Submillimeter Isotropic VoxelsErik K. Paulson1, Tracy A. Jaffe, John Thomas, John P. Harris and Rendon C. NelsonAudio Available | Share
PROPERTIES OF (Y. Gd) BO_3: Eu￣(3+)PHOSPHORS SYNTHESIZED BY MICROWAVE HEATING METHOD (1996)

In this peper we have synthesized powder crystal form (Y,Gd) BO3:Eu(3+)Phosphors by microwave heating method. ItS structure belongs to hexagonal system with lattice parameters a=0.3796,c=0. 8835. Its excitation spetra peaks at 239.0nm and 240. 0nm monitored at the emission of 589nm and 612nm respectively, the half peak width is 40nm. Under 240nm excitation the phosphors show a strons oranse-red luminescence, the fluorescent intensity ratio for I589/I612 is 1.9/1
Summer Meeting at Cypress hills, June 16-16, 1957 (1957)

BLUE JAY le, 1957 rt, they must 'plight their troth h to the other,' in a union of ids and hands.This could well be lajor aim of local and state arch-^ logical societies . . .' There is much need for the ama-
Events associated with mouse skin tumor promotion with respect to arachidonic acid metabolism: a comparison between SENCAR and NMRI mice. (1987)

NMRI and SENCAR, two stocks of mice commonly used in multistage skin carcinogenesis studies, were compared with respect to the effects of inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism for the following 12-O-tetra-decanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-elicited events: tumor promotion, DNA synthesis in vivo and in vitro, ornithine decarboxylase induction, and prostaglandin (PG) E2 synthesis. Previous work had shown that the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin enhanced TPA promotion in SENCAR mice. We report here that over the same dose range (50 to 200 micrograms) indomethacin caused a dose-dependent inhibition of promotion in NMRI mice. Significant reversal of this inhibition was achieved with concomitant application of 10 micrograms PGF2 alpha but not PGE2. DNA synthesis studies showed that low doses of indomethacin and flurbiprofen increased TPA-stimulated DNA synthesis in primary cultures from SENCAR mice; indomethacin suppressed this response in NMRI cultures. In vivo DNA synthesis studies showed the same pattern: indomethacin enhanced TPA-stimulated DNA synthesis in SENCAR mice but inhibited in NMRI mice. Other classes of inhibitors of arachidonate metabolism (i.e., the cyclooxygenase-lipoxygenase inhibitors 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid and phenidone and the phospholipase A2 inhibitor dibromoacetophenone) had inhibitory activity in vitro and in vivo in both stocks of mice. Indomethacin was found to inhibit TPA-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity to the same extent in both mice. Indomethacin was also very effective in inhibiting TPA-induced PGE2 synthesis in both stocks of mice. 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic acid and phenidone were likewise suppressive in both stocks of mice. It is concluded that the NMRI and SENCAR mice respond similarly to TPA with respect to promotion, DNA synthesis, ornithine decarboxylase induction, and PG synthesis. The difference appears to be in the degree of involvement of the lipoxygenase pathway.
A Mild Efficient Procedure for the Conversion of Carboxylic Acid Esters to Primary Amides Using Formamide/Methanolic Sodium Methoxide (1990)

Abstract An improved method for the preparation of primary carboxylic acid amides from the corresponding esters is described. This reaction was easily followed by GLC and was usually complete in less than one hour.
Mind the Duality Gap: Logarithmic regret algorithms for online optimization (2008)

We describe a primal-dual framework for the design and analysis of online strongly convex optimization algorithms. Our framework yields the tightest known logarithmic regret bounds for Follow-The-Leader and for the gradient descent algorithm proposed in Hazan et al. [2006]. We then show that one can interpolate between these two extreme cases. In particular, we derive a new algorithm that shares the computational simplicity of gradient descent but achieves lower regret in many practical situations. Finally, we further extend our framework for generalized strongly convex functions.
Rapid induction of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-rich intraepithelial clones in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-treated hamster buccal pouch. (1982)

Individual gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)-stained cells and cell doublets were rapidly induced in the epithelium of hamster buccal pouch treated with biweekly topical applications of 0.5%, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in mineral oil. The cells were detected histochemically in whole mounts of pouch epithelium harvested as early as 3 days after the first application of this carcinogen. During 3 consecutive weeks of DMBA treatment, progressively larger GGT-stained epithelial cell populations (plaques) up to 0.5 mm in diameter were encountered. Similar GGT-stained lesions were not detected in whole mounts of untreated epithelium and were rarely seen in GGT-stained whole mounts prepared from mineral oil-treated pouch epithelium. In an experiment designed to assess the stability of the GGT-staining pattern, very few plaques could be detected 12 weeks after a 3-week regimen of six DMBA applications. However, data are presented suggesting that a brief series of three DMBA applications reinduced GGT histochemical activity in occult intraepithelial plaques, which had los enzyme activity but had persisted over an 11-week treatment-free interval. The clonal nature of the GGT-stained plaques for their apparent ability to persist in an occult form for several weeks or months lend further support to the hypothesis that these carcinogen-altered cell populations may be potential precursors for the development of squamous epithelial neoplasia.
Filamentary Growths on Metals at Elevated Temperatures (1956)

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Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetic Characterization of Pulsed Laser-Ablated Superconducting La<sub>2</sub>CuO<sub>4</sub>F<i><sub>x</sub></i> Thin Films (1998)

High quality, c-axis oriented thin films of semiconducting La2CuO4 have been fabricated by pulsed laser-ablation deposition. Superconducting properties have been successfully induced in the films by a postdeposition, ex-situ static annealing process in a F2/N2 gas mixture. The influence of the fluorination temperature on the structural, magnetic, and electronic properties of the resulting thin films has been examined in detail. X-ray data reveal that facile fluorination of the films proceeds via a complex, multistage process, often yielding two distinct La2CuO4-type phases. This phase segregation suggests a disproportionation process following fluorine uptake. Such a disproportionation is subtly different from that found for oxygen excess La2CuO4 in that for La2CuO4+δ the parent O4 and an oxygen rich (O4+δ) phase are formed, but in the present system two fluorinated (i.e., oxidized) phases are formed. La2CuO4 thin films fluorinated at a temperature of 150 °C possess the highest values for both Tc (onset) (ca. 38.5 K) and critical current density (>106 A cm-2 at 4.2 K in zero magnetic field). Magnetic susceptibility data demonstrate that this fluorination methodology is of sufficient sensitivity to allow the controlled hole-doping of semiconducting La2CuO4 thin films through to the high-temperature superconducting regime.
Mobility and Kinematic Analysis of Foldable Plate Structures Based on Rigid Origami (2016)

As one new type of deployable structures, foldable plate structures based on origami are more and more widely used in aviation and building structures in recent years. The mobility and kinematic paths of foldable origami structures are studied in this paper. Different constraints including the rigid plate, spherical joints, and the boundary conditions of linkages were first used to generate the system constraint equations. Then, the degree-of-freedom (DOF) of the foldable plate structures was calculated from the dimension of null space of the Jacobian matrix, which is the derivative of the constraint equations with respect to time. Furthermore, the redundant constraints were found by using this method, and multiple kinematic paths existing in origami structures were studied by obtaining all the solutions of constraint equations. Different solutions represent different kinematic configurations. The DOF and kinematic paths of a Miura-ori and a rigid deployable antenna were also investigated in detail.
Structural health monitoring in Australia (2011)

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is defined as the use of on-structure sensing system to monitor the performance of the structure and evaluate its health state. Recent bridge failures, such as the collapses of the 1-35W Highway Bridge in USA, the collapse of the Can Tho Bridge in Vietnam and the Xijiang River Bridge in the Mainland China, all of which happened in the year 2007, have alerted the importance of structural health monitoring. This book presents a background of SHM technologies together with its latest development and successful applications. It is a book launched to celebrate the establishment of the Australian Network of Structural Health Monitoring (ANSHM). The network comprising leading SHM experts in Australia promotes and advances SHM research, application, education and development in Australia.
Double Pulse-electronic Speckle Interferometry (1993)

In this paper we describe a double-pulsed electronic speckle interferometry system. Two separated speckle patterns are recorded within few microseconds using a chargecoupled device camera, the two images are then stored in a frame grabber and the subtraction method is applied. A quantitative analysis of the fringes using the spatial-carrier phase-shift method is presented. The results show that this method is well suited to study transient vibrations.
Cognitive function during hypoglycaemia in type I diabetes mellitus. (1986)

Neuropsychological testing was carried out in 16 insulin dependent (type I) diabetic men during four periods when mean blood glucose concentrations were (A) 6.3 (SEM 0.13) mmol/l (113.5 (SEM 2.3) mg/100 ml), (B) 2.9 (0.05) mmol/l (52.3 (0.9) mg/100 ml), and (C) 1.8 (0.03) mmol/l (32.4 (0.05) mg/100 ml), all measured during intravenous insulin infusion, and (D) 6.1 (0.13) mmol/l (109.9 (2.3) mg/100 ml), measured after intravenous glucose. The total neuropsychological test score decreased between periods A and B, A and C, and B and C, whereas improvement occurred between periods C and D (all p less than 0.02). These results were not due to changes in individual subjects alone but were consistent for the whole group. During hypoglycaemia there were changes in the patients' estimates of elapsed time, which were underestimated at period C as compared with the estimates at periods A, B, and D (all p less than 0.05). None of the 16 patients noticed symptoms of hypoglycaemia at period A or B, 12 reported symptoms at C, and one at D. Patients with type I diabetes may show a deterioration in neuropsychological skills during periods of asymptomatic subnormal or hypoglycaemic blood glucose concentrations.
Fast Quantization Method With Simplified Rate–Distortion Optimized Quantization for an HEVC Encoder (2015)

While the rate-distortion optimized quantization (RDOQ) technique provides nontrivial coding gain in High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), it also involves considerable computations, whereby the complexity of quantization is significantly increased. In this paper, two schemes (the RDOQ bypass decision and the simplified level adjustment) are investigated to reduce the complexity of the quantization process in HEVC with RDOQ. The RDOQ bypass decision method initially selects the transform blocks for which the RDOQ is expected to give less/or no coding gain and enables the conventional uniform scalar quantization to be applied to these transform blocks instead of the RDOQ. The simplified level adjustment method only estimates the difference in rate-distortion costs among the candidate quantization levels to enable the encoder to select an optimal quantization level at a much reduced computational cost. Furthermore, the proposed simplified level adjustment scheme is designed so that it can be implemented in lookup tables. Experimental results show that the proposed fast method achieves 14.3% quantization complexity reduction in all intra main conditions, 15.2% in the random access main condition, and 14.9% in the low delay main condition on average with virtually no coding loss compared with the conventional quantization process with the RDOQ.
SQL to XQuery Translation in the AquaLogic Data Services Platform (2006)

SQL has long been the standard language for retrieving and manipulating data in relational database systems. XML has become the standard format for data exchange, and XQuery is on its way to becoming the standard language for querying XML data. The BEA AquaLogic Data Services Platform provides a service-oriented, XML-based view of heterogeneous enterprise data sources and allows this view to be queried using XQuery. AquaLogic DSP includes a JDBC driver that connects the old (SQL) world with the new (XML) world via a SQL-to-XQuery translator. This paper outlines the issues related to creating such a driver and details the approach used to translate SQL queries into XQuery expressions. The paper also touches on performance considerations related to handling XML query results in a context where JDBC result sets are the desired output format.
Cyclin D1 protein is overexpressed in hyperplasia and intraductal carcinoma of the breast. (1998)

The cell cycle regulatory gene cyclin D1 is a candidate oncogene in breast cancer. It is overexpressed in 30-50% of invasive primary breast cancers and plays a key role in mediating mitogenic responses to steroids and growth factors in breast cancer cells in vitro. Because the role of cyclin D1 in the proliferative and early noninvasive stages of breast cancer is largely unknown, we examined normal breast epithelium (NBE), proliferative disease (PD), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and invasive carcinoma (IC) to evaluate the timing and possible importance of cyclin D1 expression in the development of breast cancer. Using immunohistochemistry, we examined cyclin D1 protein expression in 471 breast tissue samples. A quantitative scoring system for immunohistochemistry based on percentage of positive cells was developed that correlated with Western blot analysis of antigen concentration in paired samples (r2 = 0.91, P = 0.003). A sample was considered positive if >5% of relevant epithelial cells demonstrated nuclear staining. Cyclin D1 positivity was observed in 11.7% (7 of 60) samples of NBE, 25% (11 of 44) of PD without atypia, 39.4% (13 of 33) of atypical ductal hyperplasia, 43.6% (17 of 39) of low-grade DCIS, 47.9% (23 of 48) of high-grade DCIS, and 48.3% (99 of 205) of IC. Cyclin D1 expression was significantly higher in PD than NBE (P = 0.006) and in DCIS than PD (P = 0.038). There was no significant increase from DCIS to IC (P = 0.52). The increase in cyclin D1 expression in the overall progression from NBE to IC was also highly significant (P = 0.0001). Therefore, cyclin D1 expression was detected at levels significantly greater than in NBE in the earliest proliferative epithelial lesions of the breast with a further significant increase accompanying the progression to any form of cancer. This suggests that overexpression of cyclin D1 protein is important at the earliest stages of breast oncogenesis and continues to have a crucial role throughout the development of malignancy.