gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fine mapping of quantitative trait loci for improved fruit characteristics from<i>Lycopersicon chmielewskii</i>chromosome 1 (2003)

The near-isogenic line (NIL) TA1150 contains a 56-cM introgression from Lycopersicon chmielewskii chromosome 1 and has several interesting phenotypic characteristics including fruit with orange color, high levels of soluble solids, thick pericarp, small stem scars, and good firmness. A set of overlapping recombinant lines (subNILs) was developed and field tested to fine map the quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling these traits. The results indicated that the solids, pericarp thickness, and firmness QTL are distinct from the color locus. Several of the QTL mapped in this study, including the soluble-solids QTL, probably correspond to QTL mapped in other wild species of tomato. However, analysis of a set of TA523 subNILs containing complementary introgressions from Lycopesicon hirsutum chromosome 1 suggests that this wild species may contain a different locus for improved soluble solids. Thus, it might be possible to combine the L. chmielewskii and L. hirsutum alleles for these loci in a single line with the potential for extremely highly soluble solids. The TA1150 subNIL TA1688 contains the smallest introgression of the solids locus (approximately 19 cM), as well as the pericarp thickness and firmness QTL, with a yield that was equivalent to two of the three control lines. Isolation of recombinant subNILs from TA1688 should break the linkage between orange color and high solids and provide a small introgressed segment for marker-assisted breeding and genetic improvement of processing tomato.
AMNIOTIC FLUID VOLUME ESTIMATION AND THE BIOPHYSICAL PROFILE (2000)

In Brief The biophysical profile (BPP) can be used as an initial test of fetal health and as a secondary back-up assessment of fetuses at risk of adverse outcomes when preliminary evaluations are not reassuring. The BPP evaluates five characteristics: fetal movement, tone, breathing, heart reactivity, and amniotic fluid (AF) volume estimation. Three of the most frequently used obstetric textbooks define adequate AF volume differently. In two of the three, the stated method of evaluating AF volume differs from that actually used by the referenced authors. We reviewed articles by Manning and found that his methodology changed from a 1-cm pocket in one plane to a 1-cm pocket in two perpendicular planes, and finally to a 2-cm vertical pocket with a 1-cm horizontal measurement. The 2 × 2-cm pocket is a fourth methodology that has been introduced recently. It is not known how often and in which groups each of the four methods has been used to evaluate abnormal AF volumes. The relevance and importance of determining precisely the ultrasound measurement actually used for investigations are emphasized by looking at women with AF indices ≤ 5. Fifty-three percent of those women had a 2 × 2 pocket, 72% had a 2 × 1 pocket, and 95% had a 1 × 1 pocket. The diagnosis of low fluid can lead to additional testing, hydration, and intervention, so the importance of a universal definition linked with pregnancy outcomes cannot be overemphasized. There is confusion over definitions in volume estimation of amniotic fluid using the biophysical profile.
Fast Search of Sequences with Complex Symbol Correlations using Profile Context-Sensitive HMMS and Pre-Screening Filters (2007)

Recently, profile context-sensitive HMMs (profile-csHMMs) have been proposed which are very effective in modeling the common patterns and motifs in related symbol sequences. Profile-csHMMs are capable of representing long-range correlations between distant symbols, even when these correlations are entangled in a complicated manner. This makes profile-csHMMs an useful tool in computational biology, especially in modeling noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and finding new ncRNA genes. However, a profile-csHMM based search is quite slow, hence not practical for searching a large database. In this paper, we propose a practical scheme for making the search speed significantly faster without any degradation in the prediction accuracy. The proposed method utilizes a pre-screening filter based on a profile-HMM, which filters out most sequences that will not be predicted as a match by the original profile-csHMM. Experimental results show that the proposed approach can make the search speed eighty times faster.
A Cascade MPC Control Structure for a PMSM With Speed Ripple Minimization (2012)

This paper addresses the problem of reducing the impact of periodic disturbances arising from the current sensor offset error on the speed control of a permanent-magnet synchronous motor. The new results are based on a cascade model predictive control scheme with an embedded disturbance model. Supporting experimental results, where the per-unit model is used to improve numerical conditioning, are also given.
Zero-Shot Classification with Discriminative Semantic Representation Learning (2017)

Zero-shot learning, a special case of unsupervised domain adaptation where the source and target domains have disjoint label spaces, has become increasingly popular in the computer vision community. In this paper, we propose a novel zero-shot learning method based on discriminative sparse non-negative matrix factorization. The proposed approach aims to identify a set of common high-level semantic components across the two domains via non-negative sparse matrix factorization, while enforcing the representation vectors of the images in this common component-based space to be discriminatively aligned with the attribute-based label representation vectors. To fully exploit the aligned semantic information contained in the learned representation vectors of the instances, we develop a label propagation based testing procedure to classify the unlabeled instances from the unseen classes in the target domain. We conduct experiments on four standard zero-shot learning image datasets, by comparing the proposed approach to the state-of-the-art zero-shot learning methods. The empirical results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.
Cloning and characterisation of the<i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad32</i>gene: a gene required for repair of double strand breaks and recombination (1995)

A new Schizosaccharomyces pombe mutant (rad32) which is sensitive to gamma and UV irradiation is described. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis of DNA from irradiated cells indicates that the rad32 mutant, in comparison to wild type cells, has decreased ability to repair DNA double strand breaks. The mutant also undergoes decreased meiotic recombination and displays reduced stability of minichromosomes. The rad32 gene has been cloned by complementation of the UV sensitive phenotype. The gene, which is not essential for cell viability and is expressed at a moderate level in mitotically dividing cells, has significant homology to the meiotic recombination gene MRE11 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Epistasis analysis indicates that rad32 functions in a pathway which includes the rhp51 gene (the S.pombe homologue to S.cerevisiae RAD51) and that cells deleted for the rad32 gene in conjunction with either the rad3 deletion (a G2 checkpoint mutation) or the rad2 deletion (a chromosome stability and potential nucleotide excision repair mutation) are not viable.
Light Emission from Nanometer-Sized Silicon Particles Fabricated by the Laser Ablation Method (1996)

Luminescent nanometer-sized silicon particles are fabricated by laser ablation of a silicon target in helium gas. The formation of products is found to be governed by the dynamics of the laser-ablated silicon particles in the gas. The products deposited on silicon substrates exhibit light emission with a peak at 1.6 eV in the air, while 2.1 eV after annealing for 20 min at 800°C in oxygen gas. Applying the laser ablation technique, we demonstrate a novel technique for fabricating silicon particles embedded in a silicon dioxide film. The particles also exhibit visible light emission.
Political Consultants: Opening Up a New System of Political Power (1989)

I would like to address the question of whether having consultants opens up or closes up the political system. I am principally interested in the election of women and minority candidates. I work now for a firm where half of our candidates are women, which is a very high proportion. On the one hand consultants reinforce incumbency because there is such a strong relationship between money and being able to hire a consultant. By the same token I think that consultants have opened up the process of running for election.Recruitment of CandidatesWhen everyone talks about the decline of parties that means there are alternative routes to power, there are alternative routes to the skills that you need to get elected, and there are alternative routes to information. This has caused a major breakdown in political machines. Consultants are also aware of the different traits that can make people electable. Consultants first understood that there are certain districts where women candidates run better than male candidates, where women start out ahead because of the demographics of those districts. That is something that a male-dominated machine, for example, might resist but a consultant would relish and approach pragmatically. You also see outsiders with personal resources who have the most access to an alternative way of entering the system. The Wisconsin Democratic Senate race is a prime example of what can happen when a candidate with tremendous personal resources can hire a team and become a front-runner against people who have been running and elected for a long time.
Expression and localization of ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase I-3 (E-NPP3/CD203c/PD-Iβ/B10/gp130RB13-6) in human colon carcinoma (2003)

Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phospho-diesterase-I enzyme (E-NPP), one of the type II transmembrane proteins, cleaves phosphodiester and phosphosulfate bonds of a variety of substrates including deoxynucleotides, NAD, and nucleotide sugars. Mammalian E-NPP consists of three closely related family proteins; E-NPP1 (PC-1), E-NPP2 (PDNP2/PD-Ialpha/autotaxin), and E-NPP3 (CD203c/PDNP3/PD-Ibeta/B10/gp130RB13-6) that express in different cells or at different locations even in the same cell. E-NPP3 is associated with malignant subversion and invasive properties. In this study, the expression and localization of E-NPP3 were investigated in human colon carcinoma. Western blotting showed strong E-NPP3 expression in cancer tissues and in the serum of colon carcinoma patients. Immunohistochemically, E-NPP3 was expressed not only in the apical but also in the basolateral plasma membranes of cancer cells. No prominent pattern of intracellular localization, and no relation between clinical stage and E-NPP3 expression were observed. Our results suggested that E-NPP3 is associated with carcinogenesis of human colon cancer and that serum E-NPP3 might be a tumor marker of colon carcinoma.
The Reaction of Silver Nitrite with Secondary and Tertiary Alkyl Halides<sup>1,2</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction of Silver Nitrite with Secondary and Tertiary Alkyl Halides1,2Nathan Kornblum, Robert A. Smiley, Herbert E. Ungnade, Alan M. White, Bernard Taub, and Stephen A. Herbert Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 21, 5528–5533Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01626a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01626a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views539Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metabolic costs of amino acid and protein production in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2013)

Escherichia coli is the most popular microorganism for the production of recombinant proteins and is gaining increasing importance for the production of low-molecular weight compounds such as amino acids. The metabolic cost associated with the production of amino acids and (recombinant) proteins from glucose, glycerol and acetate was determined using three different computational techniques to identify those amino acids that put the highest burden on the biosynthetic machinery of E. coli. Comparing the costs of individual amino acids, we find that methionine is the most expensive amino acid in terms of consumed mol of ATP per molecule produced, while leucine is the most expensive amino acid when taking into account the cellular abundances of amino acids. Moreover, we show that the biosynthesis of a large number of amino acids from glucose and particularly from glycerol provides a surplus of energy, which can be used to balance the high energetic cost of amino acid polymerization.
Expression of Growth Factor Peptides and Their Receptors in Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Digestive System (1993)

Neuroendocrine tumors of the digestive system are slow growing neoplasms which often present with pronounced fibrosis around tumor cells and in the peritoneal cavity. In this report 30 midgut carcinoids and endocrine pancreatic tumors were examined for the expression of peptide growth factors and their receptors, both by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Our data indicate that multiple peptide growth factors, PDGF, TGF-beta, and bFGF are expressed by these tumors. PDGF was expressed on tumor cells and stroma in 70% of tissues examined. PDGF alpha-receptor was seen on clusters of tumor cells and occasionally on adjacent stroma, whereas PDGF beta-receptor was seen only in the stroma. Our data suggest that PDGF may be involved in the autocrine stimulation of tumor cells and stimulation of stromal cell growth through paracrine and possibly autocrine mechanism. In addition, tumor tissues express all three isoforms of TGF-beta in more than half of the tissues examined. Tumor cells produce small latent complexes causing an escape from potent inhibitory effect of TGF-beta and stimulation of stromal cell growth and matrix deposition through paracrine mechanism. bFGF, a potent stimulant of endothelial cell growth, was expressed by all tumor tissues examined. Our data suggest that multiple peptide growth factors may have an important role in tumor progression and desmoplastic reaction accompanying these tumors.
Improved fluorophore separation with IMS confocal microscopy (1995)

Some of the most extensively used fluorophores for multicolour fluorescence labelling of tissue, such as Lucifer yellow, fluorescein, Cyanine-3.18 and rhodamine, all have the disadvantage of being difficult to separate spectrally due to their broad and overlapping emission spectra. With the intensity-modulated multiple-beam scanning (IMS) technique, cross-talk between labels can be reduced to a fraction of that seen using conventional excitation and detection technique. Thus, cross-talk to the ‘red’ channel decreased with about one order of magnitude for the ‘green’ fluorophores Lucifer yellow and FITC. For the tested ‘red’ fluorophores, the amount of cross-talk to the green channel was reduced by 60-90%
Heterogeneous dielectric mixtures in the terahertz frequency range: Theory and experiment (2008)

We present a new physical model for describing heterogeneous dielectric mixtures in the terahertz frequency range, which overcomes drawbacks of established models. The theory is confirmed by highly accurate data on polymeric compounds.
A new design algorithm for two-band orthonormal rational filter banks and orthonormal rational wavelets (1998)

We present a new algorithm for the design of orthonormal two-band rational filter banks. Owing to the connection between iterated rational filter banks and rational wavelets, this is also a design algorithm for orthonormal rational wavelets. It is basically a simple iterative procedure, which explains its exponential convergence and adaptability under various linear constraints (e,g., regularity). Although the filters obtained from this algorithm are suboptimally designed, they show excellent frequency selectivity. After an in-depth account of the algorithm, we discuss the properties of the rational wavelets generated by some designed filters. In particular, we stress the possibility to design "almost" shift error-free wavelets, which allows the implementation of a rational wavelet transform.
The Influence of Ultraviolet Illumination on the Passive Behavior of Zinc (2000)

The passive behavior of zinc in alkaline pH 13.0, 10.3, and 9.2 solutions, under dark and illumination conditions, has been studied using dc polarization and ac impedance techniques. It was found that illumination with polychromatic light caused dissolution of anodically formed passive layers on zinc, with this photoinduced dissolution effect being more pronounced in the more alkaline pH 13.0 solution. Photoinduced dissolution in the pH 10.3 and 9.2 solutions is explained in terms of the photodecomposition of ZnO through reaction with photogenerated holes. The more intense dissolution in the pH 13.0 solution is explained in terms of the photodecomposition of ZnO and the additional electrochemical dissolution in this alkaline solution which occurs as a result of the photodecomposition of the passive layer. Although the electrodes repassivated once the light source was removed, it was found that prior illumination led to a decrease in the donor densities and thus a modification of the defect structure of the passive layers. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Heterotrimeric collagen peptides containing functional epitopes. Synthesis of single-stranded collagen type I peptides related to the collagenase cleavage site (1999)

Synthetic collagen peptides containing larger numbers of Gly-Pro-Hyp repeats are difficult to purify by standard chromatographic procedures. Therefore, efficient strategies are required for the synthesis of higher molecular weight collagen-type peptides. Applying the Fmoc/tBu chemistry, a comparative analysis of the standard stepwise chain elongation procedure on solid support with the procedure based on the use of the synthons Fmoc-Gly-Pro-Hyp(tBu)-OH and Fmoc-Pro-Hyp-Gly-OH was performed. The crude products resulting from the stepwise elongation procedure and from the use of Fmoc-Gly-Pro-Hyp(tBu)-OH clearly revealed large amounts of microheterogeneities that result from incomplete imino acid acylation as well as from diketopiperazine formation with cleavage of Gly-Pro units from the growing peptide chain. Conversely, by the use of the Fmoc-Pro-Hyp-Gly-OH synthon, the quality of the crude products was significantly improved; moreover, protection of the Hyp side chain hydroxyl function is not required using the Fmoc/tBu strategy. With this optimized synthetic procedure, relatively large collagen-type peptides were obtained in satisfactory yields as highly homogeneous compounds. Copyright © 1999 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A simplified technique for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion using a screw-plate implanted over the Caspar distractor pins. (2010)

The author presents a simplified technique for midline screw-plate fixation in fusion procedures after anterior cervical discectomy, in which the plate is introduced over the Caspar distractor pins. The Uniplate system used, with a single screw in each vertebral body, minimizes bone damage to the vertebral body as the screws can be fixed in the holes previously used for the Caspar distractor pins. This simplified version of the classical anterior cervical fusion technique saves surgical time, facilitates screw insertion, and obviates the need for manipulations to stabilize the plate before the screws are inserted. It provides immediate stability comparable to other plate systems. To the author's knowledge, this is the first report on cervical fusion with the Uniplate system with the plate being introduced over the Caspar distractor pins.
The MIT Alewife Machine (1999)

A variety of models for parallel architectures, such as shared memory, message passing, and data flow, have converged in the recent past to a hybrid architecture form called distributed shared memory (DSM). Alewife, an early prototype of such DSM architectures, uses hybrid software and hardware mechanisms to support coherent shared memory, efficient user level messaging, fine grain synchronization, and latency tolerance. Alewife supports up to 512 processing nodes connected over a scalable and cost effective mesh network at a constant cost per node. Four mechanisms combine to achieve Alewife's goals of scalability and programmability: software extended coherent shared memory provides a global, linear address space; integrated message passing allows compiler and operating system designers to provide efficient communication and synchronization; support for fine grain computation allows many processors to cooperate on small problem sizes; and latency tolerance mechanisms-including block multithreading and prefetching-mask unavoidable delays due to communication. Extensive results from microbenchmarks, together with over a dozen complete applications running on a 32-node prototype, demonstrate that integrating message passing with shared memory enables a cost efficient solution to the cache coherence problem and provides a rich set of programming primitives. Our results further show that messaging and shared memory operations are both important because each helps the programmer to achieve the best performance for various machine configurations.
Inhibition of the Monocyte Chemiluminescent Response to Anti-D- Sensitized Red Cells by FcγRI-Blocking Antibodies Which Ameliorate the Severity of Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn (1996)

Luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) may be used to measure the metabolic response of human monocytes to red cells sensitized by anti-D. The functional activity of maternal anti-D when measured in this way correlates with the severity of haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) in D-positive fetuses. Occasionally, however, women with levels of functionally active anti-D predictive of moderate to severe HDN may deliver D-positive babies with unexpectedly mild disease. In the current study we have shown that serum from 12 of 15 such women contained monocyte-binding IgG antibodies which blocked FcγRI and inhibited the CL response of moncytes to red cells sensitized with monoclonal anti-D. In contrast, FcγRl-blocking antibodies were found in the serum from only 4 of 11 women who were matched for anti-D activity but who delivered babies with severe HDN (p<0.05). Antibodies responsible for inhibition of CL responses were predominantly against HLA class I antigens. The CL response of monocytes to sensitized red cells was at least as sensitive to inhibition by FcγRl- blocking antibodies as were phagocytic and lytic responses. Our data suggest that inhibition of the CL test is an objective, sensitive and relatively simple technique for detecting and investigating FcγRl-blocking antibodies which may ameliorate the severity of HDN.