gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bimetallic copper(I) and -(II) macrocyclic complexes as mimics for type 3 copper pairs in copper enzymes (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBimetallic copper(I) and -(II) macrocyclic complexes as mimics for type 3 copper pairs in copper enzymesY. Agnus, R. Louis, and R. WeissCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 12, 3381–3384Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00506a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00506a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Proneuropeptide Y processing in large dense-core vesicles: manipulation of prohormone convertase expression in sympathetic neurons using adenoviruses (1996)

The efficient delivery of foreign genes into postmitotic cells is becoming very important for studies of nervous system functions. Cultured sympathetic neurons synthesize neuropeptide Y (NPY) in addition to catecholamines, providing an experimental model for studying neuronal peptide biosynthesis. In this work, we have studied the biosynthetic processing of NPY in primary cultures of rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons. NPY activation is complex, requiring sequential actions of a prohormone convertase (PC), carboxypeptidase H, and peptidylglycine alpha-amidating mono-oxygenase. Northern analyses established that SCG neurons in the animal contain mRNAs for both PC1 and PC2, and simultaneous immunocytochemistry for NPY and PC1 or PC2 established a 1:1 correspondence between NPY and PC2 expression in two thirds of the neurons that express NPY, both in the animal and in tissue culture. Biosynthetic studies on proneuropeptide Y (pro-NPY) processing to mature NPY established a close similarity to the rates seen in endocrine cells expressing PC2 and established clear differences between the patterns in SCG neurons and in endocrine cells expressing PC1. Recombinant adenoviruses were used to increase the level of PC1 in the cultured neurons from negligible to a level comparable with the level of PC1 in the anterior pituitary, and pro-NPY processing was markedly accelerated. When the viruses were used to lower the endogenous PC2 levels, using an antisense construct, pro-NPY processing was retarded. Taken together, these results support a major role for PC2 as the pro-NPY converting enzyme, and they establish the cultured SCG neurons as a model to study neuronal peptide biosynthesis.
Autobot for precision farming (2017)

Agriculture is considered as one of the traditional occupations in India, due to the fact of specialization and skills we possess. Ancient farmer used their advanced skills and techniques to yields production from various sources, but in today's scenario farmers are striving hard to cultivate the land and yield the production. The farmers today are not the same as yesterdays and the farmers present today may not be present tomorrow. Hence it is necessary to conserve the knowledge and skills keeping this in mind we have developed a robot to this critical situation with mechanisms connected together. Right from sowing to harvesting the system guides and controls the growth.
The implant neck: smooth or provided with retention elements. A biomechanical approach. (1999)

A combined three-dimensional and axisymmetric finite element analysis was made of the effect upon the peak interfacial shear stress of providing an axially loaded mandibular dental implant with retention elements all the way up to the crest of the implant as opposed to a smooth neck. The effect of increased wall thickness of the implant and of using bi-cortical fixation as opposed to uni-cortical fixation was also studied. Retention elements at the implant neck were found to bring about a major decrease in the peak interfacial shear stress. Increased wall thickness and bi-cortical fixation also resulted in decreased peak interfacial shear stress but this effect was minor. The interpretation of this was that all these three measures increase the capacity of the implant to carry axial loads. Thus from a biomechanical viewpoint it appears to be advantageous to provide the neck of screw-shaped implants with retention elements, for example a rough surface of suitable micro-architecture and/or a micro-thread. It is furthermore suggested that retention elements at the implant neck will counteract marginal bone resorption in accordance with Wolff's law. This paper is a revision of: Hansson, S. (1997) Some steps to improve the capacity of dental implants to resist axial loads. In: Hansson, S., ed. Towards an optimized dental implant and implant bridge design: A biomechanical approach. Thesis. Göteborg: Chalmers University of Technology.
Expression of truncated transcripts of the proto-oncogene c-fps/fes in human lymphoma and lymphoid leukemia cell lines. (1992)

The human c-fps/fes proto-oncogene is expressed as a transcript of about 3.0 kb in both normal and leukemic myeloid cells. We have detected truncated c-fps/fes transcripts of about 0.9 kb in a panel of human lymphoma and lymphoid leukemia cell lines, but not in normal untransformed hematopoietic cells. Analysis of the chromatin structure of the c-fps/fes gene revealed DNAase I-hypersensitive sites in the 5' region of the gene and in exon 16. The presence and absence of these sites correlates with the expression of the 3.0 kb and 0.9 kb c-fps/fes RNAs respectively. The truncated transcripts initiate at two distinct sites within exon 16 of the c-fps/fes gene. The genomic region 5' to the transcription initiation sites is G+C rich but does not contain typical promoter consensus sequences. Sequence analysis of a cDNA clone of the truncated c-fps/fes transcripts did not reveal any point mutation and the truncated transcripts are normally spliced using the regular splice donor and acceptor sites. A putative open reading frame encompasses the phosphotransfer motif and the autophosphorylation site of the fps/fes kinase domain. In vitro transcription/translation of a cDNA clone corresponding to the truncated c-fps/fes transcripts revealed a protein of 17 kDa. There are no translocations or rearrangements in or around the c-fps/fes gene in cell lines which express the truncated c-fps/fes transcripts. This alternative transcription of c-fps/fes may indicate a novel activation process of this proto-oncogene.
Nonparaxial propagation of ultrashort laser pulses in plasma channels (1999)

The propagation characteristics of an ultrashort laser pulse in a preformed plasma channel are analyzed. The plasma channel is assumed to be parabolic and unperturbed by the laser pulse. Solutions to the wave equation beyond the paraxial approximation are derived that include finite pulse length effects and group velocity dispersion. When the laser pulse is mismatched within the channel, betatron oscillations arise in the laser pulse envelope. A finite pulse length leads to a spread in the laser wave number and consequently a spread in betatron wave number. This results in phase mixing and damping of the betatron oscillation. The damping distance characterizing the phase mixing of the betatron oscillation is derived, as is the dispersion distance characterizing the longitudinal spreading of the pulse.
Presynaptic dopaminergic compartment determines the susceptibility to L-DOPA–induced dyskinesia in rats (2010)

Drug-induced dyskinesias in dopamine-denervated animals are known to depend on both pre- and postsynaptic changes of the nigrostriatal circuitry. In lesion models used thus far, changes occur in both of these compartments and, therefore, it has not been possible to dissect the individual contribution of each compartment in the pathophysiology of dyskinesias. Here we silenced the nigrostriatal dopamine neurotransmission without affecting the anatomical integrity of the presynaptic terminals using a short-hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme (shTH). This treatment resulted in significant reduction (by about 70%) in extracellular dopamine concentration in the striatum as measured by on-line microdialysis. Under these conditions, the animals remained nondyskinetic after chronic L-DOPA treatment, whereas partial intrastriatal 6-hydoxydopamine lesioned rats with comparable reduction in extracellular dopamine levels developed dyskinesias. On the other hand, apomorphine caused moderate to severe dyskinesias in both groups. Importantly, single-dose L-DOPA challenge in apomorphine-primed shTH animals failed to activate the already established abnormal postsynaptic responses. Taken together, these data provide direct evidence that the status of the presynaptic, DA releasing compartment is a critical determinant of both the induction and maintenance of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias.
Synthesis and Characterization of Periodic Mesoporous Organosilicas as Anion Exchange Resins for Perrhenate Adsorption (2005)

A new methodology to immobilize ionic liquids through the use of a bridged silsesquioxane N-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl), N(3)-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl-4,5-dihydroimidazolium iodide that incorporates an ionic functionality for the assembly of novel periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) materials has been developed. The resulting PMO materials were investigated for use as novel anion exchange resins for the separation of perrhenate anions in aqueous solution. As compared with cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, 1-hexadecane-3-methylimidazolium bromide has been demonstrated to be a more efficient surfactant template for the generation of mesopores and surface areas for such PMO materials.
A Two-Phase Flow-Splitting Device That Works (1993)

Summary Laboratory and field tests of wellhead steam quality have shown that typical methods of regulating phase distribution are unsatisfactory. This paper describes a successful project to develop a distribution device that is economical to install and yields the desired phase split.
Role of GldA in dihydroxyacetone and methylglyoxal metabolism of<i>Escherichia coli</i>K12 (2008)

The metabolic pathway involving dihydroxyacetone is poorly characterized although novel enzymes associated with this metabolite have recently been demonstrated. The role of GldA in dihydroxyacetone and methylglyoxal metabolism was investigated by purifying the enzyme and characterizing its catalytic ability using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. At neutral pH, the enzyme exhibits much higher affinities towards dihydroxyacetone, methylglyoxal, and glycolaldehyde than glycerol with K(m) values of 0.30, 0.50, 0.85, and 56 mM, respectively. This is consistent with NMR data with crude extracts, showing that the conversion from dihydroxyacetone to glycerol by GldA is far more efficient than the reverse reaction. Dihydroxyacetone was found to be lethal at higher concentration with an LC(50) value of 28 mM compared with 0.4 mM of methylglyoxal, while lactaldehyde was found to exhibit significant growth inhibition in Escherichia coli cells. The toxicity of dihydroxyacetone appears to be due to its intracellular conversion to an aldehyde compound, presumably methylglyoxal, since the glyoxalase mutant becomes sensitive to dihydroxyacetone. Based on information that gldA is preceded in an operon by the ptsA homolog and talC gene encoding fructose 6-phosphate aldolase, this study proposes that the primary role of gldA is to remove toxic dihydroxyacetone by converting it into glycerol.
Brain-controlled functional electrical stimulation therapy for gait rehabilitation after stroke: a safety study (2015)

BCI-FES therapy is safe. If it is shown to improve post-stroke gait function in future studies, it could provide a new gait rehabilitation option for severely impaired patients. Formal clinical trials are warranted.
Zeolite ZSM-35 synthesized by the ‘kneading’ method in a nonaqueous system (1993)

The zeolite ZSM-35 has been synthesized from an extremely dense nonaqueous system in which the weight ratio of solid (aluminosilicate gels and NaOH) to liquid (ethylenediamine and triethylamine) mixtures is 2.9:1; the product has improved catalytic properties compared with samples prepared by previous methods.
A robot snake to inspect broken buildings (2002)

We build a snake-like robot for the inspection of areas that are difficult or dangerous to be accessed by human. Pictures from a camera at the robot's head are sent to a remote screen and can be monitored by a human operator. This human operator can also control the robot's motion, but not every single body part. Thus the operator only gives general directives and the robot will then able to follow autonomously the given directives. This is the semi-autonomous behavior of the robot. However, the robot must also be able to act fully autonomous when the contact to the operator is lost. After a short description of the robot we present a method which makes the operator control easy and also allows the robot to act fully autonomous. The autonomous motion control of the robot moving in a sewer pipe has been implemented.
Application of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model to Estimate the Bioavailability of Ethanol in Male Rats: Distinction between Gastric and Hepatic Pathways of Metabolic Clearance (2000)

A portion of ingested ethanol does not reach the systemic circulation in both rats and humans as indicated by higher blood ethanol concentrations following an intravenous administration compared to an equivalent oral administration. The mechanism for this decrease in the oral bioavailability is not yet completely understood. Metabolism by gastric or hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), or both, has been implicated. However, the extent to which each pathway of elimination contributes to the first-pass clearance is not known. The purpose of this study was to utilize a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for ethanol to estimate the relative contributions of hepatic and gastric metabolic clearance to the oral bioavailability of ethanol in male rats. In the current model, calculations of hepatic-first pass metabolic clearance accounted for the competition for metabolism between incoming ethanol from the GI tract and recirculating ethanol. This differs from previous methods that quantified the effect of ethanol entering the liver from the GI tract on the overall rate of metabolism of ethanol by the liver. These models did not specifically describe the effect of recirculating ethanol on the first-pass metabolism of ethanol, and vice versa. The dependence of bioavailability on dose and absorption rate was also investigated. The use of a PBPK model for ethanol in rats allows a more detailed examination of physiological and biochemical factors affecting the bioavailability of ethanol than has previously been possible. The analysis indicates that both gastric and hepatic first-pass metabolism of ethanol contribute to ethanol bioavailability in male rats.
The Sun Rising (2010)

'This is how it was, when I saw you for the first time.' When Mackenzie Lachlan butted up against the side of Australia he was twenty-five, with nowhere in particular to go and no one in particular to be. Walking up from his ship's anchorage on the too-bright, too-blue harbour, he turned at the sound of a Glaswegian accent - more angular than his northerly Scots, but still friendly for being familiar - and found himself talking to a rosy man called Ewan who'd been ashore a month and found a job on the railways. 'It's way away, laddie,' he'd said to Mac Lachlan, 'out in the space where your family must be from,' and he punched at his shoulder and laughed as Mac frowned. 'A river called Lachlan, man; I'm taking engines out there, out to the plains.' And Mac Lachlan, who liked a good story, thought he'd like to see the river that ran along in his name....
Emerging Wireless LANs, Wireless PANs, and Wireless MANs: IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15, 802.16 Wireless Standard Family (2009)

This book introduces and explains current and emerging IEEE 802 wireless standards/drafts to readers, including IEEE wireless standards (Wireless LANs; Wireless PANs; and Wireless MANs. It also provides information on MAC (medium Access control) and the Physical layer protocols for all these standards/drafts with an emphasis on channel access and power management.
Effect of hydrogen on the indium incorporation in InGaN epitaxial films (1997)

The InN percent in metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) grown InGaN was found to be significantly influenced by the amount of hydrogen flowing into the reactor. The temperature ranges for this study are 710–780 °C for MOCVD, and 650–700 °C for ALE. For a given set of growth conditions, an increase of up to 25% InN in InGaN, as determined by x-ray diffraction, can be achieved by reducing the hydrogen flow from 100 to 0 sccm. Additionally, the hydrogen produced from the decomposition of ammonia does not seem to change the InN percent in the films, indicating that the ammonia decomposition rate is less than 0.1%. The phenomenon of having hydrogen control the indium incorporation was not reported in the growth of any other III–V compound previously studied.
Characterization of lanthanide-mediated DNA cleavage by intercalator-linked hydroxamic acids: comparison with transition systems (1996)

Phenanthridine-linked hydroxamic acids with alkyl chain of variable length (n= 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7) have been newly synthesized. Their DNA cleavage activities have been investigated by Col E1 plasmid relaxation assay in the presence of transition(II)(ferrous and vanadyl) or lanthanide(III)(lutetium) metal ions. Linker length is extremely determinant for lutetium-mediated DNA cleavage. The increase in cleavage activity of the lutetium system with increasing pH suggests the involvement of metal-bound hydroxide as catalytically active species. Middle (samarium and europium) and late (thulium, ytterbium and lutetium) trivalent lanthanide systems are effective for DNA cleavage. For maximal DNA cleavage activity, the lutetium/hydroxamic acid ratio has been found to be 2 whereas that of the transition system has been found to be 1. We propose a hydrolytic mechanism in which two lanthanide ions are acting in concert for effective DNA cleavage.
Ibrutinib alone or with dexamethasone for relapsed or relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 trial results (2018)

Novel therapies with unique new targets are needed for patients who are relapsed/refractory to current treatments for multiple myeloma. Ibrutinib is a first-in-class, once-daily, oral covalent inhibitor of Bruton tyrosine kinase, which is overexpressed in the myeloma stem cell population. This study examined various doses of ibrutinib ± low-dose dexamethasone in patients who received ≥2 prior lines of therapy, including an immunomodulatory agent. Daily ibrutinib ± weekly dexamethasone 40 mg was assessed in 4 cohorts using a Simon 2-stage design. The primary objective was clinical benefit rate (CBR; ≥minimal response); secondary objectives included safety. Patients (n = 92) received a median of 4 prior regimens. Ibrutinib + dexamethasone produced the highest CBR (28%) in Cohort 4 (840 mg + dexamethasone; n = 43), with median duration of 9·2 months (range, 3·0-14·7). Progression-free survival was 4·6 months (range, 0·4-17·3). Grade 3-4 haematological adverse events included anaemia (16%), thrombocytopenia (11%), and neutropenia (2%); grade 3-4 non-haematological adverse events included pneumonia (7%), syncope (3%) and urinary tract infection (3%). Ibrutinib + dexamethasone produced notable responses in this heavily pre-treated population. The encouraging efficacy, coupled with the favourable safety and tolerability profile of ibrutinib, supports its further evaluation as part of combination treatment.
Folding <i>in vivo</i> of a newly translated yeast cytosolic enzyme is mediated by the SSA class of cytosolic yeast Hsp70 proteins (1998)

The nature of chaperone action in the eukaryotic cytosol that assists newly translated cytosolic proteins to reach the native state has remained poorly defined. Actin, tubulin, and Galpha transducin are assisted by the cytosolic chaperonin, CCT, but many other proteins, for example, ornithine transcarbamoylase (OTC), a cytosolic homotrimeric enzyme of yeast, do not require CCT action. Here, we observe that yeast cytosolic OTC is assisted to its native state by the SSA class of yeast cytosolic Hsp70 proteins. In vitro, refolding of OTC diluted from denaturant was assisted by crude yeast cytosol and ATP and found to be directed by SSA1/2. In vivo, when OTC was induced in a temperature-sensitive SSA-deficient strain, it exhibited reduced specific activity, and nonnative subunits were detected in the soluble fraction. These findings indicate that, in vivo, the Hsp70 system assists in folding at least some newly translated cytosolic enzymes, most likely functioning in a posttranslational manner.
CVD-Grown CNTs on Basalt Fiber Surfaces for Multifunctional Composite Interphases (2016)

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is used as a method for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on substrates, most commonly pre-treated by a metal-catalyst. In this work, the capability of basalt fiber surfaces was investigated in order to stimulate catalyst-free growth of carbon nanotubes. We have carried out CVD experiments on unsized, sized, and NaOH-treated basalt fibers modified by growth temperature and a process gas mixture. Subsequently, we investigated the fiber surfaces by SEM, AFM, XPS and carried out single fiber tensile tests. Growth temperatures of 700 °C as well as 800 °C may induce CNT growth, but depending on the basalt fiber surface, the growth process was differently affected. The XPS results suggest surficial iron is not crucial for the CNT growth. We demonstrate that the formation of a corrosion shell is able to support CNT networks. However, our investigations do not expose distinctively the mechanisms by which unsized basalt fibers sometimes induce vertically aligned CNT carpets, isotropically arranged CNTs or no CNT growth. Considering data from the literature and our AFM results, it is assumed that the nano-roughness of surfaces could be a critical parameter for CNT growth. These findings will motivate the design of future experiments to discover the role of surface roughness as well as surface defects on the formation of hierarchical interphases.
Wood pole management-utility case studies (1990)

The availability of NDE (nondestructive examination) of wood poles makes possible, for the first time, true management programs which can maintain nearly the original design reliability of wood pole utility lines or can be used to evaluate the effects of upgrading existing lines. A description of NDE methods is given. It is shown that by combining conventional maintenance, including retreatment, replacement, and/or repair, with NDE of wood pole strength, a complete wood pole management program can be established to assure reliability levels for the life of a line.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>