gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Nonsense RNA: a tool for specifically inhibiting the expression of a gene in vivo]. (1984)

We describe a general technique to inhibit gene expression in eukaryotic cells. The gene we chose to inhibit was the E. coli LacZ gene (encoding beta-galactosidase), which has previously been cloned into a eukaryotic expression vector [1]. This plasmid is called pCH110. We constructed a variant of pCH110 in which we flipped a 2566 base pair 5' fragment of the LacZ gene into the antiparallel orientation. The plasmid containing this mutated LacZ gene is called pNSLacZ (NS signifies non-sense coding sequence). When equal amounts of pCH110 and pNSLacZ are co-transfected into 3T6 mouse fibroblasts, the beta-galactosidase activity is decreased by approximately a factor of ten. Increasing the ratio of pNSLacZ to pCH110 above 1:1 does not appreciably increase the level of inhibition. Next, we prove the specificity of the inhibition by adding a third gene to the transfection mixture. For this purpose, we used pSVneo beta, a plasmid which expresses a phosphotransferase. We found that even when the beta-galactosidase activity was diminished by a factor of 10, the phosphotransferase activity was unaffected. Therefore, we have demonstrated that: the presence of an antiparallel copy of the LacZ gene results in a significant and specific diminution of the LacZ gene's expression; only a fraction of the LacZ gene needs to be in the antiparallel orientation in order to observe this effect. These results suggest that this technique can serve as a tool to decrease the level of gene expression in order to study the function of specific genes, or as a therapeutic manoeuvre in the treatment of disorders of abnormal gene expression.
Analysis of Emergency Medical Systems Across the World (2013)

This Interactive Qualifying Project, prepared for MIRAD Laboratory, provides a basic understanding of the role of emergency medical services (EMS) in selected countries around the world. An overview of the Anglo-American and Franco-Germany EMS systems and their structure, functions and governing standards of operations are presented. A substantial number of countries around the world are using these systems as a framework to provide quality care in pre-hospital or emergency medicine. Selected countries with varying economic, political, and geographic backgrounds are studied. The derived results provide an opportunity to appreciate the social impact of pre-hospital services and the ethical challenges that are involved in delivering continuous quality of patient care in a sustained manner.
Raman scattering evaluation of Pb2CrO5 thin film on a glass substrate (1989)

Pb2CrO5 thin films on glass substrates deposited by an electron-beam evaporation technique are examined for the possibility of obtaining a highly crystallized film at various substrate and annealing temperatures. The crystal structure of the film is evaluated by Raman scattering and x-ray diffraction techniques.
Oral vanadyl sulfate in treatment of diabetes mellitus in rats (1989)

Recent reports have suggested that vanadium in the form of vanadyl (+IV) possesses insulin-like activity. Therefore, in the present study we examined the effects of administering oral vanadyl to diabetic animals. Wistar rats made diabetic with streptozotocin and age-matched controls were maintained for 10 wk in the absence and presence of vanadyl sulfate trihydrate in the drinking water. In the presence of vanadyl, decreases in rate of growth and circulating levels of insulin were the only significant alterations recorded in control animals. In contrast, diabetic animals treated with vanadyl, despite having lower body weights and insulin levels, had normal plasma concentrations of glucose, lipid, creatinine, and thyroid hormone. In addition, abnormalities in isolated working heart function and glycerol output from adipose tissue of diabetic animals were also corrected after vanadyl treatment. These results suggest that vanadium when used in the vanadyl form is effective in diminishing the diabetic state in the rat by substituting for and replacing insulin or possibly by enhancing the effects of endogenous insulin.
Copper Nanoparticles on Graphene Support: An Efficient Photocatalyst for Coupling of Nitroaromatics in Visible Light (2014)

Copper is a low-cost plasmonic metal. Efficient photocatalysts of copper nanoparticles on graphene support are successfully developed for controllably catalyzing the coupling reactions of aromatic nitro compounds to the corresponding azoxy or azo compounds under visible-light irradiation. The coupling of nitrobenzene produces azoxybenzene with a yield of 90 % at 60 °C, but azobenzene with a yield of 96 % at 90 °C. When irradiated with natural sunlight (mean light intensity of 0.044 W cm(-2) ) at about 35 °C, 70 % of the nitrobenzene is converted and 57 % of the product is azobenzene. The electrons of the copper nanoparticles gain the energy of the incident light through a localized surface plasmon resonance effect and photoexcitation of the bound electrons. The excited energetic electrons at the surface of the copper nanoparticles facilitate the cleavage of the NO bonds in the aromatic nitro compounds. Hence, the catalyzed coupling reaction can proceed under light irradiation and moderate conditions. This study provides a green photocatalytic route for the production of azo compounds and highlights a potential application for graphene.
Simulation of hardware support for OpenGL graphics architecture (2002)

The growing number of applications for 3D graphics and imaging systems in the mass market requires the customized approach to the design of high-performance 3D graphics and imaging system architectures. That fact coupled with the strong trends to industrial standardization of graphics API, such as OpenGL, leads to enhanced portability for imaging and graphics applications. The progress on the hardware support of API functionality gives a real possibility to use a top-down approach in the design of custom graphics/imaging systems based on the mixed hardware/software implementation of the OpenGL architecture. Software simulation is a relatively cheap and fast way for initial graphics architecture template development and evaluation to acquire the structure and parameters that can be used later for HDL elaboration and simulation. This paper discusses a 3D graphics and imaging system architecture model implementation based on OpenGL API hardware support simulation. The object-oriented approach has been used for this development of analytic and software models simulating hardware units on different stages of the graphics pipeline. The Interactive Imaging System Architecture Composer has been developed in this project for fast run-time simulation management, data acquisition and interpretation. The expandable set of architecture templates uses a reconfigurable shared library of "virtual hardware units" simulating the different hardware structures for graphics and image processing.
Contactless Robotic Micromanipulation in Air Using a Magneto-Acoustic System (2019)

Precise and dexterous handling of micrometerto millimeter-scale objects is a crucial and challenging factor for micromanipulation, especially in the fields of biotechnology, where delicate microcomponents can be easily damaged by contact during handling. Many complex microrobotic techniques, scaling from fully autonomous to teleoperated, have been developed to address the limitations individually. However, a scalable, reliable, and versatile method, which can be applied to a wide range of applications, is not present. This work uniquely combines the advantages of magnetic and acoustic micromanipulation methods to achieve three-dimensional, contactless, and semi-autonomous micromanipulation, with potential for full automation, for use in microassembly applications. Solid and liquid materials, with sizes less than 3 mm (down to 300 μm), are handled in a cylindrical workspace of 30 mm in height and 4 mm in diameter using acoustic levitation, while an externally applied magnetic field controls the orientation of magnetically active components. A maximum vertical positioning root-mean-square error of 1.5% of parts length was observed. This letter presents the concept, design, characterization, and modeling of the new method, along with a demonstration of a typical assembly process.
Dr. Harald Sieg, Quellenkritische Studien zur Bessergebotsklausel (in diem addictio) im römischen Kaufrecht (1934)

Article Dr. Harald Sieg, Quellenkritische Studien zur Bessergebotsklausel (in diem addictio) im römischen Kaufrecht was published on August 1, 1934 in the journal Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Romanistische Abteilung (volume 54, issue 1).
Ligation-mediated PCR, a fast and reliable technique for insertion sequence-based typing of<i>Xanthomonas citri</i>pv.<i>citri</i> (2008)

Asiatic citrus canker, caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. citri, is a major disease threatening citrus crops throughout the world. The most common methods for strain differentiation of this pathogen are repetitive element sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), using rare-cutting restriction enzyme analysis. We developed a ligation-mediated PCR targeting three insertion sequences (IS-LM-PCR) present as several copies in the genome of the fully sequenced strain 306 of X. citri pv. citri. This technique amplifies DNA fragments between an insertion sequence element and an MspI restriction site. The analysis of strains can be conducted within 24 h, starting from very small amounts of bacterial DNA, which makes IS-LM-PCR much less labor-intensive than PFGE. We used IS-LM-PCR to analyze a collection of 66 strains of X. citri pv. citri from around the world. The overall reproducibility of IS-LM-PCR reached 98% in this data set and its discriminatory power was markedly superior than rep-PCR. We suggest that IS-LM-PCR could be used for the global surveillance of non-epidemiologically related strains of X. citri pv. citri.
Heterojunction bipolar transistor-based long-wavelength optoelectronic integrated circuits (1991)

(Invited) The integration of photonic and electronic devices and circuits on the same semiconductor substrate is expected to play an important role in the near future in high-speed long-wavelength optical fiber communication systems. Such integrated structures, called optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEICs), offer the potential advantages of reduced parasitic capacitances and inductances, improved device performance, higher reliability and lower manufacturing costs. They also simplify packaging and permit greater functionality to be built in. Vigorous research efforts are currently under way all over the world to realize these circuits. Among the most widely investigated are photoreceiver and transmitter OEICs. In the photoreceiver a photodetector is monolithically integrated with a preamplifier circuit while in the transmitter, a laser diode is integrated with a driver circuit. Various electronic devices are available to the circuit designer in order to realize the electronic functions. The final choice is determined by the particular process methodology used in the fabrication of the OEIC, the compatibility of the photonic and electronic device structures, and the suitability of a particular electronic device for the application intended.
Effect of Silica on Thermal Shock Resistance of Cordierite/ Der Einfluß von Siliciumoxid auf die Thermoschockbeständigkeit von Cordierit (1995)

Article Effect of Silica on Thermal Shock Resistance of Cordierite/ Der Einfluß von Siliciumoxid auf die Thermoschockbeständigkeit von Cordierit was published on November 1, 1995 in the journal Practical Metallography (volume 32, issue 11).
The Technical Basis of Photographic Speed Determination, or What is a Normal Exposure? (1979)

This tutorial paper examines and explains the methods used to relate to sensitometry the exposure needed to achieve a particular level of picture quality, to arrive at general predictors of correct exposure. Several standard methods of specifying film speeds are discussed in this context. Some specific experimental data are introduced to explain the influence of image structure on speed determination of black-and-white and color films. The sensitometry of “pushed processing” is examined, to explain the exposure levels achieved. The use of films at exposure indices much higher than those derived from speed standards is also discussed. The treatment is intended to be general enough to apply to still and motion-picture photography using both reversal and negative-positive materials.
<i>O</i>(log<sup>2</sup> <i>n</i>) time efficient parallel factorization of dense, sparse separable, and banded matrices (1994)

Known polylog parallel algorithms for the solution of linear systems and related problems require computation of the characteristic polynomial or related forms, which are known to be highly unstable in practice. However, matrix factorizations of various types, bypassing computation of the characteristic polynomial, are used extensively in sequential numerical computations and are essential in many applications.
A Low-Cost CMOS Programmable Temperature Switch (2008)

A novel uncalibrated CMOS programmable temperature switch with high temperature accuracy is presented. Its threshold temperature T<sub>th</sub> can be programmed by adjusting the ratios of width and length of the transistors. The operating principles of the temperature switch circuit is theoretically explained. A floating gate neural MOS circuit is designed to compensate automatically the threshold temperature T<sub>th</sub> variation that results form the process tolerance. The switch circuit is implemented in a standard 0.35 μm CMOS process. The temperature switch can be programmed to perform the switch operation at 16 different threshold temperature Tths from 45－120°C with a 5°C increment. The measurement shows a good consistency in the threshold temperatures. The chip core area is 0.04 mm² and power consumption is 3.1 μA at 3.3V power supply. The advantages of the temperature switch are low power consumption, the programmable threshold temperature and the controllable hysteresis.
Two Breed-Specific Bovine MC1-R Alleles in Brown Swiss and Saler Breeds (2001)

Genomic DNA was isolated from blood and semen samples. Fragments of the bovine MC1-R gene were generated by PCR using the following primers
A Geoscience Education Liaison Network in the Australian Capital Territory (1993)

GEOLACT is an association of geoscience professionals and educators working to develop and improve links among geoscience organisations and teachers in the school system of the Australian Capital Territory. The group aims to assist the teaching of earth science in schools and improve community understanding of the earth by acting as a contact and co-ordinating group with respect to resources. The group also organises activities designed to help teachers in their earth-science knowledge.
Palladium-Catalyzed Hydroxycarbonylation of Aryl and Vinyl Triflates by in situ Generated Carbon Monoxide under Microwave Irradiation (2006)

An operationally simple hydroxycarbonylation of aryl and vinyl triflates to the corresponding carboxylic acids with a palladium-mediated microwave system was carried out in water.
Off-line handwritten word recognition using a hidden Markov model type stochastic network (1994)

Because of large variations involved in handwritten words, the recognition problem is very difficult. Hidden Markov models (HMM) have been widely and successfully used in speech processing and recognition. Recently HMM has also been used with some success in recognizing handwritten words with presegmented letters. In this paper, a complete scheme for totally unconstrained handwritten word recognition based on a single contextual hidden Markov model type stochastic network is presented. Our scheme includes a morphology and heuristics based segmentation algorithm, a training algorithm that can adapt itself with the changing dictionary, and a modified Viterbi algorithm which searches for the (l+1)th globally best path based on the previous l best paths. Detailed experiments are carried out and successful recognition results are reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Study of IQ imbalance effect in direct-detection optical OFDM systems (2009)

In-phase/quadrature-phase (IQ) imbalance can result in severe performance degradation in optical direct-detection orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (DD-OFDM) systems. We build two optical back-to-back DD-OFDM systems, which implement double-sideband (DSB) and single-sideband (SSB) modulation, respectively. The tolerance to IQ imbalance of these two systems is analyzed and compared using error vector magnitude (EVM) and symbol error rate (SER). We find that, in the back-to-back case, the DSB system has stronger robustness to IQ imbalance than the SSB System. We further build two optical DD-OFDM systems each with 40-km transmission, which respectively implement DSB and SSB transmission. Similarly, we analyze and compare the tolerance to IQ imbalance of these two systems in terms of EVM and SER. We find that, however, in the case of 40-km transmission, the SSB system has stronger robustness to IQ imbalance than the DSB system. As a result, we conclude that, in the case of transmission, SSB modulation can enhance the tolerance to IQ imbalance of DD-OFDM systems.
Direct non-genomic effects of follicular steroids on maturing human oocytes: oestrogen versus androgen antagonism (1997)

Previously published data have suggested that oestradiol exerts direct beneficial effects on human oocytes during in-vitro maturation and that these effects are at least partly due to a non-genomic action of the steroid at the oocyte surface. Here we provide evidence showing that a non-genomic effect of oestradiol is counteracted by androstenedione. In contrast to these results from in-vitro experiments, in which changes in steroid concentrations are abrupt and the non-genomic responses are rapid, the progressively changing follicular steroid concentrations which occur during in-vivo development may rather have permissive or restrictive effects on the events of spontaneous oocyte cytoplasmic maturation. The oocyte is particularly sensitive at the germinal vesicle stage of development to non-genomic steroid actions. Ovarian stimulation protocols should thus be adjusted so as to avoid androgen predominance at the mid-follicular phase. In patients in whom this condition cannot be met, in-vitro maturation of oocytes may be a solution.
Assessment of Serum Proteomics to Detect Large Colon Adenomas (2008)

A noninvasive blood test that could reliably detect early colorectal cancer or large adenomas would provide an important advance in colon cancer screening. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a serum proteomics assay could discriminate between persons with and without a large (> or =1 cm) colon adenoma. To avoid problems of "bias" that have affected many studies about molecular markers for diagnosis, specimens were obtained from a previously conducted study of colorectal cancer etiology in which bloods had been collected before the presence or absence of neoplasm had been determined by colonoscopy, helping to assure that biases related to differences in sample collection and handling would be avoided. Mass spectra of 65 unblinded serum samples were acquired using a nanoelectrospray ionization source on a QSTAR-XL mass spectrometer. Classification patterns were developed using the ProteomeQuest algorithm, performing measurements twice on each specimen, and then applied to a blinded validation set of 70 specimens. After removing 33 specimens that had discordant results, the "test group" comprised 37 specimens that had never been used in training. Although in the primary analysis, no discrimination was found, a single post hoc analysis, done after hemolyzed specimens had been removed, showed a sensitivity of 78%, a specificity of 53%, and an accuracy of 63% (95% confidence interval, 53-72%). The results of this study, although preliminary, suggest that further study of serum proteomics, in a larger number of appropriate specimens, could be useful. They also highlight the importance of understanding sources of "noise" and "bias" in studies of proteomics assays.
Memory-CPU size optimization for embedded system designs (1997)

Entire systems embedded in a chip and consistingof a processor, memory, and system-specific peripheral hardwareare now commonly contained in commodity electronicdevices. Cost minimization of these systems is of paramounteconomic importance to manufactures of these devices. Byemploying a variable configuration processor in conjunctionwith a multi-precision compiler generator there are situationsin which considerable system cost reduction can be obtainedby synthesizing a CPU that is narrower than the largest variablein the application program.
Tumor‐associated lymphatic endothelial cell promotes invasion of cervical cancer cells (2013)

The most common way for cervical cancer to spread is through the lymphatic system. Tumor-associated lymphatic endothelial cell (TLEC) has been considered to play a crucial role in metastasis of certain cancers. The aim of this study was to isolate TLEC from human cervical cancers and explore its involvement in metastasis-associated behaviors in vitro. Lymphatic vessels in 62 cervix tissue specimens ranging from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) to advanced invasive cancer were detected using immunochemical staining with D2-40 antibody. Relation of lymphatic vessel density (LVD) to clinicopathological characters was analyzed. Primary TLECs were isolated by LYVE-1 immuno-magnetic beads from cervical cancer tissues and verified through expression of LEC markers Prox-1 and D2-40, and then cultured in vitro. Invasiveness and viability of cells were assessed by transwell assay and typan blue exclusion, respectively. Our results showed that higher LVD was significantly associated with advanced FIGO stage, pelvic lymphatic nodal metastasis (LNM), and poorer cell differentiation. TLECs were successfully primarily isolated and cultured in vitro. Supernatant of TLEC enhanced invasiveness of Hela cell, but did not significantly affect cell viability. In conclusion, TLECs might actively promote lymphatic metastasis of cervical cancer. Further studies are needed to demonstrate the underlying mechanisms.
ChemInform Abstract: RECEPTOR BINDING SITES OF HYPOGLYCEMIC SULFONYLUREAS AND RELATED ((ACYLAMINO)ALKYL)BENZOIC ACIDS (1984)

Abstract Receptor Binding Sites of Hypoglycemic Sulfonylureas and Related [(Acylamino)‐ alkyllbenzoic Acids.
EARLY DAYS AND HOME LIFE (2011)

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Fiber optic strain system for ball bearings (2003)

A dual wavelength test setup using fiber Fabry Perot interferometer (FFPI) strain sensors was assembled in order to monitor ball bearings using analog and digital approaches simultaneously. The high sensitivity of the FFPI sensors allowed for the measurement of strain forces affecting roller element bearings. Tests were carried out to compare the time waveforms for load comparisons and their respective spectra of generated bearing frequencies to expected values of such bearings. Further tests were conducted to assess the effects of imbalance added to the shaft, rotational speed, and impulses on the rotor system. Positions of observed spectral peaks show good agreement with predictions. These results indicate that fiber optic sensors can provide a unique capability for bearing monitoring in today's machinery.