gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Large-Scale Supramolecular Structure in Solutions of Low Molar Mass Compounds and Mixtures of Liquids:  II. Kinetics of the Formation and Long-Time Stability (2006)

Kinetics of the formation of large-scale supramolecular structure and its long-time stability were investigated in detail in solutions of electrolytes, nonelectrolytes, and mixtures of liquids. This structure comprises submicron-sized domains (large clusters) with higher solute concentration than in the rest of solution. In the case of mixtures of liquids, a complete real-time monitoring of the structure formation was possible in all cases. In the case of solutions of solid samples, the observation was possible in cases when the structure formation was significantly slower than the dissolution process. The time scale on which the supramolecular structure develops varies from minutes to weeks, depending on the concrete system. The long-time stability of the developed structure was investigated in time intervals ranging up to 15 months. In some systems the resulting domain structure appears stable, in others a very slow ceasing of domains is observed over very long time intervals. In all cases, however, slow kinetic effects are present in the systems investigated. Among others, data on some common substances of great chemical and biological importance such as sodium chloride, acetic acid, glucose, and ethanol, are presented.
SMART GARBAGE COLLECTION SYSTEM IN RESIDENTIAL AREA (2015)

As the name suggests we are developing an Automatic garbage collection and information gathering system which is based on Image processing as well as on GSM module. The main concept is that a Camera will be placed at every garbage collection point along with load cell sensor at bottom of the garbage can. The camera will take continuous snapshots of the garbage can. A threshold level is set which compares the output of camera and load sensor .The comparison is done with help of microcontroller. After analysing the image we get an idea about level of garbage in the can and from the load cell sensor we get to know weight of garbage. Accordingly information is processed that is controller checks if the threshold level is exceeded or not. The controller sends a message with the help of GSM module to Garbage collection local central office to notify that garbage can is exceeded its capacity and disposal of waste is required. Accordingly the authority sends the garbage can collecting vehicle to collect the garbage, which is done with the help of robot mechanism.
Physically-based Real-time Animation (2006)

The field of real-time computer animation is undergoing major changes, and many of the methods used to this point are no longer sufficient to achieve the degree of realism that is desired. There is a need for an animation method that provides greater realism, simpler ways to create animations, and more vivid and lifelike virtual creatures. This thesis suggests the possibility of doing that with a physically-based method, by researching current and alternative solutions, developing an architecture for a physically-based system, and describing an implementation of such a system.
The Cytotoxin‐Hemolysin Genes of Human and Eel Pathogenic <i>Vibrio vulnificus</i> Strains: Comparison of Nucleotide Sequences and Application to the Genetic Grouping (2005)

Vibrio vulnificus can be divided into two groups on the basis of pathogenesis. Group 1 is pathogenic only to humans, whereas group 2 is pathogenic to eels and occasionally to humans. Although both groups produce a 50-kDa cytotoxin-hemolysin (V. vulnificus hemolysin; VVH), the toxins are different. In the present study, the nucleotide sequence of the toxin gene (vvhA ) of strain CDC B3547 (a group 2 strain) was determined, and the deduced amino acid sequence was compared to that of strain L-180 (a group 1 strain). The nucleotide sequence of vvhA of strain CDC B3547 was about 96% identical with that of strain L-180, which results in a difference of 3 amino acid residues in the C-terminal lectin domain of VVH. Nevertheless, two primer sets for polymerase chain reaction could be designed to differentiate the toxin gene of each strain. When 27 V. vulnificus clinical isolates were tested, group 1 strains (9 strains) were shown to react only to the primers designed for vvhA of strain L-180; whereas, the gene of group 2 strains (18 strains) could be amplified with the primers for vvhA of strain CDC B3547. These findings may lead to development of a novel genetic grouping system related to the virulence potential or to the host range.
Phase stabilization of mode-locked lasers (2005)

We present results on carrier-envelope phase stabilization of mode-locked lasers. The carrier-envelope phase of femtosecond optical pulses becomes important when they are used to probe attosecond physics. We demonstrate that long-term carrier-envelope phase stability is possible to achieve. Using phase-stable lasers it is possible to combine the output of different lasers phase coherently. It is also possible to load them phase coherently into a cavity, yielding the prospect of high-intensity experiments without an amplifier. Finally, we present quantum interference control of injected currents in semiconductors, which provides a solid-state phase detector of the carrier-envelope phase.
A STRATIGRAPHIC CASE HISTORY USING THREE‐DIMENSIONAL SEISMIC DATA IN THE GULF OF THAILAND * (1981)

A bstract A three‐dimensional marine seismic survey was conducted in the Gulf of Thailand to aid in the development of a gas field indicated by three wildcat wells. The results and interpretation reported previously demonstrated improved fault resolution and better structural definition. Five successful appraisal wells have now been drilled, and these show that most of the sands have limited extent. Widespread character changes in the seismic data also support stratigraphic variations in many of the sands. Several new methods of 3D stratigraphic interpretation have been developed while investigating the depositional history of this area. Anomalous seismic amplitudes, tied to sands penetrated by wells and mapped from Seiscrop TM horizontal sections in time and depth, have indicated the distribution of bars and channels. Horizon Seiscrop sections, each sliced through a single bed, have been used to delineate these depositional features directly. G‐LOG TM sections, displaying seismic logs derived by rigorous wave equation inversion, confirm the existence of these features. Sands greater than 10 m thick have proved mappable.
[Impact of chronic schistosomiasis japonica on the protective immunity induced by vaccine against hepatitis B virus]. (2005)

The results suggest that the protective immunity of patients with chronic schistosomiasis is deficient to the stimulation of hepatitis B virus and it may involve in a higher incidence of hepatitis B among schistosomiasis patients.
Round-bale feeder design affects hay waste and economics during horse feeding1,2 (2011)

Many horse owners find round bales convenient, less labor intensive, and more affordable than other hay types, but report an inability to control horse BW gain and excessive hay waste. The objectives were to compare hay waste, hay intake, and payback of 9 round-bale feeders and a no-feeder control when used during horse feeding. Nine round-bale feeders were tested: Cinch Net, Cone, Covered Cradle, Hayhut, Hay Sleigh, Ring, Tombstone, Tombstone Saver, and Waste Less. Each feeder design was placed on the ground in a dirt paddock. Five groups of 5 horses were fed in rotation for a 4-d period with each feeder. Every fourth day, groups were rotated among paddocks and a new round bale was placed in each feeder. In the 5 paddocks used, 5 feeders were installed for d 1 through 20, and the remaining 4 feeders and no-feeder control were installed for d 21 through 40. Groups of horses were sequentially assigned to feeders using two 5 × 5 Latin squares, the first for d 1 through 20, the second for d 21 through 40. Horse groups of similar age, BW, breed, and sex were formed from 25 Quarter Horse and Thoroughbred geldings and open mares (means: 11 yr; 541 kg of BW). Hay on the ground surrounding the feeder was collected daily, dried, and weighed. The total amount of hay removed around each feeder for a 4-d period was considered waste. Dry matter intake was estimated as the difference between hay disappearance and waste. Number of months for the reduction in waste to repay feeder cost (payback) were calculated using hay valued at $110/t, and improved feeder efficiency over the control. Feeder design did not affect hay intake (P > 0.05); all feeders resulted in an estimated hay intake of 2.0 to 2.4% BW; the no-feeder control resulted in a reduced intake of 1.3% BW (P = 0.001). Mean percentage of hay waste differed among feeders (P < 0.001): Waste Less, 5%; Cinch Net, 6%; Hayhut, 9%; Covered Cradle, 11%; Tombstone Saver, 13%; Tombstone, Cone, and Ring, 19%; Hay Sleigh, 33%; and no-feeder control, 57%. Feeder design also affected payback (P < 0.01). The Cinch Net paid for itself in less than 1 mo; Tombstone and Ring, 2 mo; Hayhut and Tombstone Saver, 4 mo; Hay Sleigh, 5 mo; Waste Less, 8 mo; Cone, 9 mo; and Covered Cradle, 20 mo. Round-bale feeder design affected hay waste and payback, but not estimated hay intake or BW change during horse feeding.
Privacy as a Service: Protecting the Individual in Healthcare Data Processing (2016)

Health applications involve many data sources, individuals, and services that work against guarantees that an individual's personal data will not be used without consent. The proposed privacy-centered architecture integrates data security and semantic descriptions into a trust-query framework, enabling the provision of user consent as a service.
Three‐dimensional display utilizing a diffractive optical element and an active matrix liquid crystal display (1996)

We describe the design, construction, and performance of the first real-time autostereoscopic three-dimensional (3-D) display based on the partial pixel 3-D display architecture. The primary optical components of the 3-D display are an active-matrix liquid crystal display and a diffractive optical element (DOE). The display operates at video frame rates and is driven with a conventional VGA signal. Three-dimensional animations with horizontal motion parallax are readily viewable as sets of stereo images. Formation of the virtual viewing slits by diffraction from the partial pixel apertures is experimentally verified. The measured contrast and perceived brightness of the display are excellent, but there are minor flaws in image quality due to secondary images. The source of these images and how they may be eliminated is discussed. The effects of manufacturing-related systematic errors in the DOE are also analyzed.
Enhancing the dynamic range of analog-to-digital converters by reducing excess noise (2003)

A technique for improving the dynamic range of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is presented. The technique consists of summing outputs of several parallel N-bit ADCs to reduce the uncorrelated excess noise introduced by each ADC. This increases the number of effective bits of resolution and is most useful to regain bits lost after dithering to reduce spurious harmonics for spectral analysis applications. The sensitivity of this approach to uncertainties in component gain and delay is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electrokinetic focusing and filtration of cells in a serpentine microchannel (2009)

Focusing cells into a single stream is usually a necessary step prior to counting and separating them in microfluidic devices such as flow cytometers and cell sorters. This work presents a sheathless electrokinetic focusing of yeast cells in a planar serpentine microchannel using dc-biased ac electric fields. The concurrent pumping and focusing of yeast cells arise from the dc electrokinetic transport and the turn-induced acdc dielectrophoretic motion, respectively. The effects of electric field (including ac to dc field ratio and ac field frequency) and concentration (including buffer concentration and cell concentration) on the cell focusing performance were studied experimentally and numerically. A continuous electrokinetic filtration of E. coli cells from yeast cells was also demonstrated via their differential electrokinetic focusing in a serpentine microchannel.
The Investigation of Combustion and Emissions of Jp8 Fuel in an Auxiliary Power Unit (2011)

The US Army Single Fuel Forward policy mandates that deployed vehicles must be able to operate with aviation fuel JP-8. It is for this reason that it is vital that an investigation into the impact of JP-8 on a diesel engine performance be conducted. The author investigated the injection, combustion, and performance of JP-8, 20-50% by weight in diesel no. 2 mixtures in a small indirect injection, 77mm separate three vortex combustion chamber engine, with a high compression ratio, in order to evaluate its‟ effectiveness for application in Auxiliary Power Units (APUs). The new fuel mixtures were created at room temperature. For proper injection, the diesel engine requires a fuel viscosity between 1-10cSt, therefore, the new fuel can contain up to 100% JP-8 (J-100). This was verified by the piston-plunger type pump injection system. All blends were shown to have a good ignition with the ignition delay remaining constant in correlation with the amount of JP-8. The heat release for all blends displayed a similar development compared with the diesel fuel, the premixed phase being combined diffusion combustion. The maximum combustion pressure remained relatively constant for all fuel blends. The maximum temperature shifts later in the crank angle as JP-8 percentage increases, all the while retaining a higher temperature for a longer duration. The exhaust temperatures remained relatively constant for all blends. The heat flux in the engine cylinder showed similar values for all fuels, while the cylinder heat losses were at a minimum during combustion before TDC with increased convection losses at TDC for all fuels and first part of power stroke. The heat losses associated with the system increased slightly with the addition of JP-8 without any shifts extending for the duration of cycle. The engine investigation demonstrated that up to 50% JP-8 by weight in diesel can be injected and burnt in a diesel engine at a residence time of 5ms from the start of injection, while maintaining the overall efficiency performance. The study validates that the JP-8 is an excellent source for power generation in a diesel APU (auxiliary power unit) based on its combustion characteristics. INDEX WORDS: Alternative fuels, Internal combustion engine, JP-8, Thermodynamics, performance, Heat transfer, Diesel
IDMP: an intradomain mobility management protocol for next-generation wireless networks (2002)

This article describes a lightweight intradomain mobility management protocol (IDMP) for managing mobility within a domain, commonly known as micromobility management, for next-generation wireless networks. IDMP is modular and simple because it leverages existing protocols, such as Mobile IP or SIP as global mobility management, for locating roaming nodes. Unlike other proposed intradomain mobility management schemes, IDMP uses two dynamically auto-configured care-of addresses for routing the packets destined to mobile nodes. The global care-of address is relatively stable and identifies the mobile node's attachment to the current domain, while the local care-of address changes every time the mobile changes subnets and identifies the mobile's attachment to the subnet level granularity. After describing the lightweight base protocol, we discuss possible enhancements to reduce the latency of intradomain updates during handoffs, which are critical for real-time applications both for wide area cellular networks and enterprise wireless LANs. We also discuss mechanisms to incorporate paging support in IDMP and hence reduce the mobility-related signaling load on a mobile node. Detailed implementation and performance results from experiments on our testbed are also presented.
Handover in multihop cellular networks (2009)

This article introduces various handover scenarios in multihop cellular networks. In addition, this article presents handover schemes where relay stations are located either inside a cell or on the boundary between two adjacent cells and investigates the effects of the deployment position of relay stations to handover performance. The simulation results show that multihop cellular networks for both deployment scenarios can achieve 90 percent throughput increase over single-hop cellular networks. The results also show that the overall throughput of the multihop cellular networks with relay stations inside a cell is higher than for those with relay stations on the boundary between two adjacent cells, whereas the opposite is observed for the throughput of cell-boundary users. The intercell handover latency in multihop cellular networks is increased by 20 ~ 56 percent compared with that in single-hop cellular networks because of the increased number of handovers and signaling overhead. However, by deploying relay stations on the boundary between two adjacent cells, the service-interruption time caused by inter-cell handover is reduced by 80 percent compared with that of single-hop cellular networks.
Microstructure and electrical properties of Bi-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics Bi_(0.5)(Na_(0.82)K_(0.18))_(0.5)TiO_3-BiCrO_3 (2009)

A new(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics,(1-x)Bi0.5(Na0.82K0.18)0.5TiO3-xBiCrO3(BNKT-BCx),was prepared by a conventional ceramic sintering technique.The effect of Bi-based ferroelectrics of BiCrO3 on the crystal structure,dielectric and piezoelectric properties was investigated.X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that trace BiCrO3 addition(x=0?0.02) causes insignificant change in crystal structure,and an obvious secondary phase is observed in the samples with x0.02.The piezoelectric constant d33 and the electromechanical coupling factor kp of the ceramics attain maximum values of 168 pC/N and 0.32 near morphotropic phase boundary(MPB) that co-existence between rhombohedral and tetragonal.With increasing BiCrO3 content,the antiferroelectric phase zone gets broader and the diffuse coefficient increases.
Physiological Disposition of Hmg-Coa-Reductase Inhibitors (1990)

(1990). Physiological Disposition of Hmg-Coa-Reductase Inhibitors. Drug Metabolism Reviews: Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 333-362.
Cardiovascular responses to electrical stimulation of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (1995)

To determine whether the influence of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) on cardiovascular function can be localized to specific cytoarchitectural areas within the BST, urethane (1.3 g/kg)-anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats were probed for cardiovascular reactive sites. Electrical stimuli (50 microA, 50 Hz, and a 0.5 ms pulse duration), delivered through stereotaxically placed glass semimicroelectrodes, were localized to the BST. Sham-stimulated animals served as controls. Stimulation sites were correlated with cytoarchitecturally distinct areas within the BST, and changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) were subjected to statistical analysis. Systematically probing the BST for cardiovascular reactive sites showed a correlation between evoked responses and distinct cytoarchitectural areas. Stimulation of the medial BST produced increases in MAP; stimulation of the lateral aspect of the BST produced decreases in MAP. Both pressor and depressor responses were evoked from the area ventral to the anterior commissure. Pressor responses were elicited from the area immediately ventral to the anterior commissure, and depressor responses followed stimulation of an area more ventral. All subnuclei showed corroborating cardiovascular responses to 20-30 nl microinjection of sodium glutamate. Taken together, these data provide substantial evidence to indicate that the BST, particularly at more rostral areas, consists of a medial pressor area, a lateral depressor area, and a ventral area with both pressor and depressor zones.
Parallel-RC Feedback Low-Noise Amplifier for UWB Applications (2010)

A two-stage 3.1- to 10.6-GHz ultrawideband CMOS low-noise amplifier (LNA) is presented. In our design, a parallel resistance-capacitance shunt feedback with a source inductance is proposed to obtain broadband input matching and to reduce the noise level effectively; furthermore, a parallel inductance-capacitance network at drain is drawn to further suppress the noise, and a very low noise level is achieved. The proposed LNA is implemented by the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company 0.18-μm CMOS technology. Measured results show that the noise figure is 2.5-4.7 dB from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, which may be the best result among previous reports in the 0.18-μm CMOS 3.1- to 10.6-GHz ultrawideband LNA. The power gain is 10.9-13.9 dB from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. The input return loss is below -9.4 dB from 3.1 to 15 GHz. It consumes 14.4 mW from a 1.4-V supply voltage and occupies an area of only 0.46 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Protective effects of green tea extracts (polyphenon E and EGCG) on human cervical lesions (2003)

We investigated clinical efficacy of green tea extracts (polyphenon E; poly E and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate [EGCG]) delivered in a form of ointment or capsule in patients with human papilloma virus (HPV) infected cervical lesions. Fifty-one patients with cervical lesions (chronic cervicitis, mild dysplasia, moderate dysplasia and severe dysplasia) were divided into four groups, as compared with 39 untreated patients as a control. Poly E ointment was applied locally to 27 patients twice a week. For oral delivery, a 200 mg of poly E or EGCG capsule was taken orally every day for eight to 12 weeks. In the study, 20 out of 27 patients (74%) under poly E ointment therapy showed a response. Six out of eight patients under poly E ointment plus poly E capsule therapy (75%) showed a response, and three out of six patients (50%) under poly E capsule therapy showed a response. Six out of 10 patients (60%) under EGCG capsule therapy showed a response. Overall, a 69% response rate (35/51) was noted for treatment with green tea extracts, as compared with a 10% response rate (4/39) in untreated controls (P<0.05). Thus, the data collected here demonstrated that green tea extracts in a form of ointment and capsule are effective for treating cervical lesions, suggesting that green tea extracts can be a potential therapy regimen for patients with HPV infected cervical lesions.
Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the galacto-<i>N</i>-biose-/lacto-<i>N</i>-biose I-binding protein (GL-BP) of the ABC transporter from<i>Bifidobacterium longum</i>JCM1217 (2007)

A recombinant galacto-N-biose-/lacto-N-biose I-binding protein (GL-BP) from Bifidobacterium longum JCM1217 has been prepared and crystallized by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method using 10 mg ml(-1) purified enzyme, 0.01 M zinc sulfate, 0.1 M MES buffer pH 5.9-6.4 and 20-22%(v/v) PEG MME 550 in the presence of 5 mM disaccharide ligands. Suitable crystals grew after 10 d incubation at 293 K. The crystals belong to space group C222(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 106.3, b = 143.6, c = 114.6 A for the lacto-N-biose I complex and a = 106.4, b = 143.4, c = 115.5 A for the galacto-N-biose complex, and diffracted to 1.85 and 1.99 A resolution, respectively.