gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous determination of homologues of vitamin E and coenzyme Q and products of α-tocopherol oxidation (1998)

A sensitive procedure is described for the simultaneous determination of vitamin E and coenzyme Q homologues and alpha-tocopherol oxidation products using two-isocratic step high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrochemical detection in the oxidative mode. Zinc-catalyzed reduction in a post-column reactor allows the detection of alpha-tocopherolquinone, epoxy-tocopherolquinone, and ubiquinones. This technique was used to quantify lipophilic antioxidants in the liver tissue of rats treated or not with alpha-tocopherolquinone and in a plant oil. Alpha-tocopherolquinone and its epoxide derivatives, formed from alpha-tocopherol during iron-catalyzed phospholipid peroxidation, were also determined in a liposome suspension. The high selectivity and sensitivity of the coulometric detection system enabled use of low oxidation potentials giving little baseline noise, while a fast isolation procedure and quantitative recoveries of all oxidized and reduced forms made it possible to measure a high ubiquinol/ubiquinone ratio in liver tissue. Administration of alpha-tocopherolquinone to rats did not alter the antioxidant status of the liver, despite strong accumulation of both this quinone and its reduced form, alpha-tocopherolhydroquinone. These results indicate the presence of an efficient reductase and suggest that it could contribute to the protection of cellular membranes from oxidative stress.
Scalable quantum computation with cavity QED systems (2000)

We propose a scheme for quantum computing using high-$Q$ cavities in which the qubits are represented by single-cavity modes restricted in the space spanned by the two lowest Fock states. We show that single-qubit operations and universal multiple qubit gates can be implemented using atoms sequentially crossing the cavities.
Improving Communication of Diagnostic Radiology Findings through Structured Reporting (2011)

Referring clinicians and radiologists found that structured reports had better content and greater clarity than conventional reports.
Volatile compounds in butter oil: II. Flavour and flavour thresholds of lactones, fatty acids, phenols, indole and skatole in deodorized synthetic butter (1972)

Summary The flavours of the following compounds were determined in synthetic butter prepared from 84% steam-deodorized butter oil and 16% water: C 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 δ-lactones, C 12 γ-lactone, C 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 n -alkanoic acids, phenol, m - and p -cresols, o -methoxyphenol, indole and skatole. C 6, 8, 10 δ-lactones, C 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 n -alkanoic acids, phenol, m - and p -cresols, o-methoxyphenol and volatile fractions from butter oil were also evaluated in bland butter. None of the compounds listed constitute basic butter flavour on their own, but C 8, 10 δ-lactones, C 10 acid, phenol, p -cresol, indole and skatole contribute to butter flavour.
Concentration of mutagens from urine by absorption with the nonpolar resin XAD-2: cigarette smokers have mutagenic urine. (1977)

A method is described for concentrating mutagens/carcinogens from human urine about 200-fold for subsequent assay in the Salmonella/mammalian microsome mutagenicity test. The method is also applicable for other aqueous liquids and for other in vitro tests for mutagens/carcinogens. The urine (up to 500 ml) is put through a column with a 1.5-cm3 bed volume of XAD-2 (styrene-divinylbenzene polymer) and the adsorbed material is then eluted with a few milliliters of acetone. The acetone is taken to dryness and the residue is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. This is the urine concentrate that is assayed for mutagenicity. Various mutagens/carcinogens have been added to human urine and the recoveries have been measured after adsorption on XAD-2, XAD-4, and Tenax GC (diphenyl-p-phenylene oxide polymer). We propose that this method be used in monitoring the urine of human populations and of experimental animals in toxicological studies. It is shown with this procedure that cigarette smokers have mutagenic urine while nonsmokers do not.
Testing And Inspection Options for Squirrel Cage Induction Motors from Cradle to Grave (2021)

The purpose of this paper is to provide those who order, install, operate and maintain squirrel cage induction motors with a reference source of available inspection and testing options for motors throughout the construction, installation, operation, and maintenance cycle.
Modelling nitrification inhibitor effects on N <sub>2</sub> O emissions after fall- and spring-applied slurry by reducing nitrifier NH <sub>4</sub> <sup>+</sup> oxidation rate (2020)

Abstract. Reductions in N2O emissions from nitrification inhibitors (NI) are substantial but remain uncertain because measurements of N2O emissions are highly variable and discontinuous. Mathematical modelling may offer an opportunity to estimate these reductions if the processes causing variability in N2O emissions can be accurately simulated. In this study, the effect of NI was simulated with a simple, time-dependent algorithm to slow NH4+ oxidation in the ecosystem model ecosys. Slower nitrification modelled with NI caused increases in soil NH4+ concentrations and reductions in soil NO3- concentrations and in N2O fluxes that were consistent with those measured following fall and spring applications of slurry over 2 years from 2014 to 2016. The model was then used to estimate direct and indirect effects of NI on seasonal and annual emissions. After spring slurry applications, NI reduced N2O emissions modelled and measured during the drier spring of 2015 (35 % and 45 %) less than during the wetter spring of 2016 (53 % and 72 %). After fall slurry applications, NI reduced modelled N2O emissions by 58 % and 56 % during late fall in 2014 and 2015 and by 8 % and 33 % during subsequent spring thaw in 2015 and 2016. Modelled reductions were consistent with those from meta-analyses of other NI studies. Simulated NI activity declined over time so that reductions in N2O emissions modelled with NI at an annual timescale were relatively smaller than those during emission events. These reductions were accompanied by increases in NH3 emissions and reductions in NO3- losses with NI that caused changes in indirect N2O emissions. With further parameter evaluation, the addition of this algorithm for NI to ecosys may allow emission factors for different NI products to be derived from annual N2O emissions modelled under diverse site, soil, land use and weather.
ARGUMENTS FOR THE EXISTENCE OF GOD. II (1939)

Journal Article ARGUMENTS FOR THE EXISTENCE OF GOD. II Get access C. D. BROAD C. D. BROAD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume os-XL, Issue 2, April 1939, Pages 156–167, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/os-XL.2.156 Published: 01 April 1939
Distributed array data management on NUMA multiprocessors (2002)

Management of program data to reduce false sharing and improve locality is critical for scaling performance on NUMA multiprocessors. We use HPF-like directives to partition and place arrays in data-parallel applications on Hector, a shared-memory NUMA multiprocessor. We present experimental results that demonstrate the magnitude of the performance improvement attainable when our proposed array management schemes are used instead of the operating system management policies. We then describe a compiler system for automating the partitioning and placement of arrays. The compiler uses a number of techniques that exploit Hector's shared memory architecture to efficiently implement distributed arrays. Experimental results from a prototype implementation demonstrate the effectiveness of these techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
FURTHER STUDIES OF THE EARLY ANTIBODY IN THE SEA OF CATTLE AND GUINEA PIGS INFECTED WITH FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS. (1964)

Summary 1.The antibody found early after infection of cattle and guinea pigs with foot-and-mouth disease virus is a 19S γ-globulin. 2.Reaction of this early antibody with mercaptoethanol destroys its neutralizing and precipitating properties.
Achieving Proportional Fairness via AP Power Control in Multi-Rate WLANs (2011)

In this paper, we consider how to achieve proportional fairness in multi-rate 802.11 WLANs by investigating an integrated problem of power control and AP Association in order to provide an effective tradeoff between network throughput and fairness. Since jointly considering power control and AP association for proportional fairness is NP-hard, we propose a centralized heuristic approach. By introducing a new concept of AP utility, we establish the relationship between the network utility and the AP utility according to proportional fairness. This relationship is exploited to design an algorithm PCAP to optimize the network utility by increasing the average and decreasing the variance of the AP utility. Extensive simulation study is performed and the results demonstrate that PCAP yields a significant improvement in terms of throughput, fairness, and power consumption compared to other popular power control algorithms.
Deacidification of high‐acid rice bran oil by reesterification with monoglyceride (1999)

Abstract Autocatalytic esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) in rice bran oil (RBO) containing high FFA (9.5 to 35.0% w/w) was examined at a high temperature (210°C) and under low pressure (10 mm Hg). The study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of monoglyceride in esterifying the FFA of RBO. The study showed that monoglycerides can reduce the FFA level of degummed, dewaxed, and bleached RBO to an acceptable level (0.5±0.10 to 3.5±0.19% w/w) depending on the FFA content of the crude oil. This allows RBO to be alkali refined, bleached, and deodorized or simply deodorized after monoglyceride treatment to obtain a good quality oil. The color of the refined oil is dependent upon the color of the crude oil used.
MEDICAL SCIENCES & RESEARCH (1951)

MEDICAL SCIENCES & RESEARCH Get access The Electrical Activity of the Nervous System: A Textbook for Students Mary A.B. Brazier. London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd., 1951. x+ 220 pages: 96 figures. 22×14cm. £1 5s Anthony E. Ritchie Anthony E. Ritchie Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar British Medical Bulletin, Volume 8, Issue 2-3, 1951, Page 280, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a074151 Published: 01 January 1951
The Lipoxygenase Inhibitor Phenidone Protects Against Proteinuria and Stroke in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (1992)

The present study examined whether the dual cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase inhibitor phenidone would protect stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) from stroke and hypertensive renal disease. Vehicle-treated SHRSP (N = 6), fed stroke-prone rodent diet and 1% saline, exhibited severe systolic blood pressure elevation (261 +/- 10 mm Hg, mean +/- SEM), marked proteinuria (90 +/- 12 mg/day), and stroke, with an average age at death of 14 +/- 1 weeks. In a second group of six saline-loaded SHRSP, treatment with phenidone (60 mg/kg/day) was started at 8.4 weeks of age. Despite establishment of severe hypertension in this group (274 +/- 10 mm Hg), proteinuria remained at basal levels (28 +/- 13 mg/day), and signs of stroke were absent (P less than .01 v vehicle) through at least 16 weeks of age. Phenidone treatment also prevented the declines in body weight and food intake observed in vehicle-treated SHRSP, and maintained urine volume and saline intake. Serum 12-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) generation was significantly inhibited greater than 50% in incubates of whole blood from phenidone-treated SHRSP. We have previously shown that agents which interfere with the renin-angiotensin system afford protection from renal and cerebrovascular injury in saline-loaded SHRSP; cyclooxygenase inhibition alone will hasten the onset of these pathologic changes. Whether phenidone, which has been reported to attenuate angiotensin II-mediated effects, affords vascular protection by interference with a lipoxygenase-mediated action of angiotensin II remains to be elucidated.
Attend and Interact: Higher-Order Object Interactions for Video Understanding (2018)

Human actions often involve complex interactions across several inter-related objects in the scene. However, existing approaches to fine-grained video understanding or visual relationship detection often rely on single object representation or pairwise object relationships. Furthermore, learning interactions across multiple objects in hundreds of frames for video is computationally infeasible and performance may suffer since a large combinatorial space has to be modeled. In this paper, we propose to efficiently learn higher-order interactions between arbitrary subgroups of objects for fine-grained video understanding. We demonstrate that modeling object interactions significantly improves accuracy for both action recognition and video captioning, while saving more than 3-times the computation over traditional pairwise relationships. The proposed method is validated on two large-scale datasets: Kinetics and ActivityNet Captions. Our SINet and SINet-Caption achieve state-of-the-art performances on both datasets even though the videos are sampled at a maximum of 1 FPS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work modeling object interactions on open domain large-scale video datasets, and we additionally model higher-order object interactions which improves the performance with low computational costs.
fMRI auditory language differences between dyslexic and able reading children (2001)

During fMRI, dyslexic and control boys completed auditory language tasks (judging whether pairs of real and/or pseudo words rhymed or were real words) in 30 s 'on' conditions alternating with a 30 s 'off' condition (judging whether tone pairs were same). During phonological judgment, dyslexics had more activity than controls in right than left inferior temporal gyrus and in left precentral gyrus. During lexical judgment, dyslexics were less active than controls in bilateral middle frontal gyrus and more active than controls in left orbital frontal cortex. Individual dyslexics were reliably less active than controls in left insula and left inferior temporal gyrus. Dyslexic and control children differ in brain activation during auditory language processing skills that do not require reading.
Hydrolysis of galactdipids by human pancreatic lipolytic enzymes and duodenal contents (1995)

Monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDG), digalactosyl- diacylglycerols (DGDG) and sulfquinovmyldiacylglycerols (SQDG) are major lipids in vegetable food. Their digestion and absorp- tion are unknown. This study examines the hydrolysis of galac- tolipids in vitro with human duodenal contents, pancreatic juice, and purified human pancreatic lipases. Galactolipids were incubated with human duodenal contents, pancreatic juice, pure pancreatic carboxyl ester lipase (GEL), and colipase-dependent lipase with colipase (Lip-Col). Hydrolysis was estimated as release of free fatty acids and by the use of (3H)galactose or (3H)fatty acid-labeled DGDG. Pancreatic juice and duodenal contents hydrolyzed DGDG to fatty acids, digalactosylmono- acylglycerol (DGMG) and water-soluble galactose-containing compounds. The hydrolysis of DGDG was bile salt-dependent and had a pH optimum at 6.5-7.5. Human pancreatic juice released fatty acids from MGDG, DGDG, and SQDG. Purified CEL hydrolyzed all three substrates; the hydrolysis rate was MGDG > SQDG > DGDG. Pure Lip-Col had activity toward MGDG but had little activity against DGDG. Separation of pancreatic juice by Sephadex GlOO gel filtration chromatogra- phy revealed two peaks with galactolipase activity that coincided with CEL (molecular mass 100 kD) and lipase (molecular mass 50 kD) peaks. In contrast to pure Lip-Col enzymes of the latter peak were as active against DGDG as against MGDG. BP Thus, DGDG is hydrolyzed both by CEL and by a pancreatic en- zyme(s) with a molecular mass of 40-50 kD to fatty acids and lyso DGDG. MGDG, DGDG, and SQDG are all hydrolyzed by human pancreatic juice. Pure CEL hydrolyzed all three sub- strates.-Andersson, L., C. Bratt, K. C. Arnoldsson, B. Herslof, N. U. Olsson, B. Sternby, and A. Nilsson. Hydrolysis of galactolipids by human pancreatic lipolytic enzymes and duo- denal contents. J Lipid Res. 1995. 36: 1392-1400. cellular membranes because about 77% of the lipids are neutral galactosyldiacylglycerols (1). Of the total nonpig-
Fast Poisson solver preconditioned method for robust power grid analysis (2011)

Robust and efficient algorithms for power grid analysis are crucial for both VLSI design and optimization. Due to the increasing size of power grids IR drop analysis has become more computationally challenging both in runtime and memory consumption. This work presents a fast Poisson solver preconditioned method for unstructured power grid with unideal boundary conditions. In fact, by taking the advantage of analytical formulation of power grids this analytical preconditioner can be considered as sparse approximate inverse technique. By combining this analytical preconditioner with robust conjugate gradient method, we demonstrate that this approach is totally robust for extremely large scale power grid simulations. Experimental results have shown that iterations of our proposed method will hardly increase with grid size increasing once the pads density and the range of metal resistances value distribution have been decided. We demonstrated that this approach solves an unstructured power grid with 2.56M nodes in only 1/3 iterations of classical ICCG solver, and achieves almost 20X speedups over the classical ICCG solver on runtime.
Environmental Standards, Wage Incomes and the Location of Polluting Firms (2000)

The purpose of this paper is to study how the choice of environmental standards by governments is affected by the existence of wage incomes when firms' location is endogenous. In developed countries labor is unionized, which allows positive wage incomes to arise. Thus, each government has incentives to persuade firms to locate in its country since its social welfare depends on such incomes. But, as pollution damages the environment, each government will try to persuade polluting firms to locate in its country to obtain the wage incomes only when its valuation of environmental damage shows that it is low.
Effect of pasteurization on infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in water and milk (1996)

Cryptosporidium parvum is a major cause of diarrheal disease in humans and has been identified in 78 other species of mammals. The oocyst stage, excreted in feces of infected humans and animals, has been responsible for recent waterborne outbreaks of human cryptosporidiosis. High temperature and long exposure time have been shown to render oocysts (suspended in water) noninfectious, but for practical purposes, it is important to know if high-temperature--short-time conditions (71.7 degrees C for 15 s) used in commercial pasteurization are sufficient to destroy infectivity of oocysts. In this study, oocysts were suspended in either water or whole milk and heated to 71.7 degrees C for 15, 10, or 5 s in a laboratory-scale pasteurizer. Pasteurized and nonpasteurized (control) oocysts were then tested for the ability to infect infant mice. No mice (0 of 177) given 10(5) oocysts pasteurized for 15, 10, or 5 s in either water or milk were found to be infected with C. parvum on the basis of histologic examination of the terminal ileum. In contrast, all (80 of 80) control mice given nonpasteurized oocysts were heavily infected. These data indicate that high-temperature--short-time pasteurization is sufficient to destroy the infectivity of C. parvum oocysts in water and milk.
Conceptualizing a Hypermedia Design for Language Learning (1989)

With the rapid development of interactive technology, design models for hypermedia programs need also to evolve to “fit the technology” (Jonassen, 1988). The complexity of the hypermedia environment and human learning requires a framework for analysis that allows for flexibility, fluidity of events, and active interplay among elements in conceptualizing an interactive multimedia program. Operating from a theoretical perspective that carefully defines principles and concepts is the initial requirement. These concepts define the nature of the transformations which will be informed by the choice of thematic and spatial metaphor to orient the learner/teacher as they interact with the complex and sometimes confusing materials and large databases on interactive multimedia programs that use a hypermedia presentation approach.
Indiscriminate recombination in simian virus 40-infected monkey cells. (1980)

DNA transfection of African green monkey BSC-1 cells with simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA and bacterial virus phi X174 replicative form DNA ("cotransfection") yielded stocks containing SV40/phi X174 recombinant virus, which was detected by an infectious-center in situ plaque hybridization procedure and which was sensitive to anti-SV40 antiserum. The recombinant virus replicated during serial passage. Restriction endonuclease cleavage of the SV40/phi X174 DNA indicated that several different types of recombinant DNA structures had arisen. Similar SV40 DNA cotransfection experiments with polyoma virus DNA, bacterial plasmid (pBR322) DNA, and a plasmid-cloned segment of the mouse genome (coding for intracisternal type A particles) yielded stocks that generated recombinant plaques as judged by in situ plaque hybridization with the appropriate labeled probe. It appears, therefore, that an active indiscriminate recombination process, incapable of distinguishing between diverse DNAs of prokaryotic and eukaryotic origin, occurs in SV40-infected monkey cells.
Recognizing 3-D objects using surface descriptions (1989)

The authors provide a complete method for describing and recognizing 3-D objects, using surface information. Their system takes as input dense range date and automatically produces a symbolic description of the objects in the scene in terms of their visible surface patches. This segmented representation may be viewed as a graph whose nodes capture information about the individual surface patches and whose links represent the relationships between them, such as occlusion and connectivity. On the basis of these relations, a graph for a given scene is decomposed into subgraphs corresponding to different objects. A model is represented by a set of such descriptions from multiple viewing angles, typically four to six. Models can therefore be acquired and represented automatically. Matching between the objects in a scene and the models is performed by three modules: the screener, in which the most likely candidate views for each object are found; the graph matcher, which compares the potential matching graphs and computes the 3-D transformation between them; and the analyzer, which takes a critical look at the results and proposes to split and merge object graphs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>