gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization and Lifetime Performance Modeling of Acrylic Foam Tape for Structural Glazing Applications (2008)

This thesis presents the results of testing and modeling conducted to characterize the performance of 3M™ VHB™ structural glazing tape in both shear and tension. Creep rupture testing results provided the failure time at a given static load and temperature, and ramp-to-fail testing results provided the ultimate load resistance at a given rate of strain and temperature. Parallel testing was conducted on three structural silicone sealants to compare performance. Using the time temperature superposition principle, master curves of VHB tape storage and loss moduli in shear and tension were developed with data from a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). The thermal shift factors obtained from these constitutive tests were successfully applied to the creep rupture and ramp-to-fail data collected at 23°C, 40°C, and 60°C (73°F, 104°F, and 140°F), resulting in master curves of ramp-to-fail strength and creep rupture durability in shear and tension. A simple linear damage accumulation model was then proposed to examine the accumulation of wind damage if VHB tape is used to attach curtain wall glazing panels to building facades. The purpose of the model was to investigate the magnitude of damage resulting from the accumulation of sustained wind speeds that are less than the peak design wind speed. The model used the equation derived from tensile creep rupture testing, extrapolated into the range of stresses that would typically be generated by wind loading. This equation was applied to each individual entry in the data files of several real wind speed histories, and the fractions of life used at each entry were combined into a total percentage of life used. Although the model did not provide evidence that the established design procedure is unsafe, it suggested that the accumulation of damage from wind speeds below the peak wind speed could cause a VHB tape mode of failure that merits examination along with the more traditional peak wind speed design procedure currently recommended by the vendor.
Usina ecoelétrica: educação ambiental para o uso sustentável da energia elétrica com auxílio de módulos educacionais (2009)

Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Engenharia (FEIS), Departamento de Engenharia Eletrica, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brasil
Autophagy: Regulatory Mechanism and Selective Degradation (2010)

Autophagy is a multistep degradation process, which results in the formation of double-membrane organelles termed autophagosomes, the sequestration of cytoplasm portions, and the delivery of autophagosomes to lysosomes for degradation. Autophagy has been originally described as a non-selective process and an adaptive mechanism stimulated by nutrition deprivation. However, with intensive study over recent years, autophagy has been found to be implicated in infection, cancer, neurodegeneration, and heart disease. The finding of autophagy receptor protein p62 further lends evidence that autophagy is also a highly selective process. This review attempts to summarize the regulation of autophagy, and the selective autophagic degradation of protein aggregates.
An overview on the role of FLT3-tyrosine kinase receptor in acute myeloid leukemia: biology and treatment (2012)

Hematopoiesis, the process by which the hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors differentiate into blood cells of various lineages, involves complex interactions of transcription factors that modulate the expression of downstream genes and mediate proliferation and differentiation signals. Despite the many controls that regulate hematopoiesis, mutations in the regulatory genes capable of promoting leukemogenesis may occur. The FLT3 gene encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor that plays a key role in controlling survival, proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. Mutations in this gene are critical in causing a deregulation of the delicate balance between cell proliferation and differentiation. In this review, we provide an update on the structure, synthesis and activation of the FLT3 receptor and the subsequent activation of multiple downstream signaling pathways. We also review activating FLT3 mutations that are frequently identified in acute myeloid leukemia, cause activation of more complex downstream signaling pathways and promote leukemogenesis. Finally, FLT3 has emerged as an important target for molecular therapy. We, therefore, report on some recent therapies directed against it.
A new synthetic test circuit for the operational tests of HVDC thyristor modules (2002)

Modern power thyristor valves have a high power rating and are difficult to test in a back-to-back test circuit in the test laboratory. Verification of thyristor valve design with synthetic test circuits is an alternative. The core to design a synthetic test circuit is to correctly reproduce the stresses applied on the thyristor valves. Voltage and current stresses on the thyristors under four operational states are highlighted in this paper. A new synthetic test circuit has been developed by ABB Power Systems. This new circuit reproduces the correct stresses applied on the high voltage direct current (HVDC) thyristor valves in service. Verifying tests reveal that the circuit design was a success.
Fabrication of high-performance (Ba,K)Fe2As2 superconducting wires by powder-in-tube method (2012)

(Ba,K)Fe2As2 superconducting wires have been fabricated by ex-situ powder-in-tube method. In addition to the pure (Ba,K)Fe2As2 wires, silver powder was also used as a chemical addition to improve the performance of these superconducting wires. The transport critical current density (Jc) has reached 1.3×104 A/cm2 at 4.2 K under self field in the wire with Ag addition. The self-field Jc is the highest among all the reported Fe-based superconducting wires so far. We have also performed magneto-optical imaging to this (Ba,K)Fe2As2 superconducting wire with Ag addition, and intragranular Jc of 6.0×104 A/cm2 at 20 K is obtained, which is similar to the estimation from M-H measurement.
16S Ribosomal RNA Methylation: Emerging Resistance Mechanism against Aminoglycosides (2007)

Methylation of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) has recently emerged as a new mechanism of resistance against aminoglycosides among gram-negative pathogens belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae and glucose-nonfermentative microbes, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species. This event is mediated by a newly recognized group of 16S rRNA methylases, which share modest similarity to those produced by aminoglycoside-producing actinomycetes. Their presence confers a high level of resistance to all parenterally administered aminoglycosides that are currently in clinical use. The responsible genes are mostly located on transposons within transferable plasmids, which provides them with the potential to spread horizontally and may in part explain the already worldwide distribution of this novel resistance mechanism. Some of these organisms have been found to coproduce extended-spectrum β-lactamases or metallo-β-lactamases, contributing to their multidrug-resistant phenotypes. A 2-tiered approach, consisting of disk diffusion tests followed by confirmation with polymerase chain reaction, is recommended for detection of 16S rRNA methylase–mediated resistance.
Detection of P, QRS, and T Components of ECG using wavelet transformation (2009)

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are composed of five important waves: P, Q, R, S, and T. Sometimes, a sixth wave (U) may follow T. Q, R, and S are grouped together to form the QRS-complex. Detection of these waves is a vital step in ECG signal analysis to extract hidden patterns. Many prior studies have focused only on detection of the QRS-complex, because P and T waves are sparse and harder to isolate from the signal. In this paper, we develop an algorithm to detect all five waves - P, Q, R, S, and T in ECG signals using wavelet transformation. The accuracy for P wave detection is 99.5%, 99.8% for QRS complex, and 99.2% for T waves.
Biological dose calculation with Monte Carlo physics simulation for heavy-ion radiotherapy (2006)

Treatment planning of heavy-ion radiotherapy involves predictive calculation of not only the physical dose but also the biological dose in a patient body. The biological dose is defined as the product of the physical dose and the relative biological effectiveness (RBE). In carbon-ion radiotherapy at National Institute of Radiological Sciences, the RBE value has been defined as the ratio of the 10% survival dose of 200 kVp x-rays to that of the radiation of interest for in vitro human salivary gland tumour cells. In this note, the physical and biological dose distributions of a typical therapeutic carbon-ion beam are calculated using the GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit in comparison with those with the biological dose estimate system based on the one-dimensional beam model currently used in treatment planning. The results differed between the GEANT4 simulation and the one-dimensional beam model, indicating the physical limitations in the beam model. This study demonstrates that the Monte Carlo physics simulation technique can be applied to improve the accuracy of the biological dose distribution in treatment planning of heavy-ion radiotherapy.
Long-term functional and structural preservation of precision-cut human myocardium under continuous electromechanical stimulation in vitro (2019)

In vitro models incorporating the complexity and function of adult human tissues are highly desired for translational research. Whilst vital slices of human myocardium approach these demands, their rapid degeneration in tissue culture precludes long-term experimentation. Here, we report preservation of structure and performance of human myocardium under conditions of physiological preload, compliance, and continuous excitation. In biomimetic culture, tissue slices prepared from explanted failing human hearts attain a stable state of contractility that can be monitored for up to 4 months or 2000000 beats in vitro. Cultured myocardium undergoes particular alterations in biomechanics, structure, and mRNA expression. The suitability of the model for drug safety evaluation is exemplified by repeated assessment of refractory period that permits sensitive analysis of repolarization impairment induced by the multimodal hERG-inhibitor pentamidine. Biomimetic tissue culture will provide new opportunities to study drug targets, gene functions, and cellular plasticity in adult human myocardium.
Depletion of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in the Peripheral Blood of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis (2005)

Our observations indicate that active RA is associated with a depletion of circulating EPCs. This might be one of several factors contributing to the increased cardiovascular risk in RA.
Nickel Foil Microcantilevers for Magnetic Manipulation and Localized Heating (2013)

Cellular manipulation has been investigated by a number of techniques. In this manuscript nickel foil microcantilevers were used for magnetophoresis and manipulation of microparticles and magnetically labeled HeLa cells. The cantilevers were also used for localized heating in liquid, reaching biologically relevant temperatures. This work aims to develop cantilevers for sample enrichment, manipulation, and thermal applications, offering an inexpensive and versatile solution compatible with standard tools in research and clinical diagnostic testing, such as microwell plates.
A class of low voltage, elastomer–metal ‘wet’ actuators for use in high-density microfluidics (2006)

We report a class of 'wet' MEMS elastomer-metal electrostatic actuators which can actuate in air, oil or water environments with no external fluidic connections, has actuation voltages lower than 15 V and is compatible with widespread PDMS microfluidics.
3-D deformable image registration: a topology preservation scheme based on hierarchical deformation models and interval analysis optimization (2005)

This paper deals with topology preservation in three-dimensional (3-D) deformable image registration. This work is a nontrivial extension of, which addresses the case of two-dimensional (2-D) topology preserving mappings. In both cases, the deformation map is modeled as a hierarchical displacement field, decomposed on a multiresolution B-spline basis. Topology preservation is enforced by controlling the Jacobian of the transformation. Finding the optimal displacement parameters amounts to solving a constrained optimization problem: The residual energy between the target image and the deformed source image is minimized under constraints on the Jacobian. Unlike the 2-D case, in which simple linear constraints are derived, the 3-D B-spline-based deformable mapping yields a difficult (until now, unsolved) optimization problem. In this paper, we tackle the problem by resorting to interval analysis optimization techniques. Care is taken to keep the computational burden as low as possible. Results on multipatient 3-D MRI registration illustrate the ability of the method to preserve topology on the continuous image domain.
RGB imaging system for mapping and monitoring of hemoglobin distribution in skin (2011)

A prototype R-G-B imaging system for mapping of skin hemoglobin distribution has been designed and tested. Device basically consists of a commercial RGB sensor (CMOS, max. frame rate 87 fps for VGA resolution), RGB LED ringlight illuminator and orthogonally orientated polarizers for reducing specular reflectance. The system was examined for monitoring of hemoglobin concentration changes during specific provocations - arterial/venous occlusions and heat test. Hemoglobin distribution maps of several skin malformations were obtained, as well.
Molecular evolution of the myosin family: relationships derived from comparisons of amino acid sequences. (1993)

To examine the evolutionary relationships between members of the myosin family, we have used two different phylogenetic methods, distance matrix and maximum parsimony, to analyze all available myosin head sequences. We find that there are at least three equally divergent classes of myosin, demonstrating that the current classification of myosin into only two classes needs to be reexamined. In the myosin II class, smooth muscle myosin is more closely related to nonmuscle myosin than to striated muscle myosin, implying that smooth muscle and skeletal muscle myosins were independently derived from nonmuscle myosin and suggesting that similarities between these types of muscle are the result of convergent evolution. The grouping of head sequences produced by phylogenetic analysis is consistent with classifications based on enzymology and structural localization and is generally consistent with grouping based on common tail structure elements. This result demonstrates that specific head sequences are tightly coupled to specific tail sequences throughout evolution and challenges the idea that myosin heads are freely interchangeable units whose unique function is determined only by the tail structure to which it is attached.
Semaphorin3a regulates endothelial cell number and podocyte differentiation during glomerular development (2009)

Semaphorin3a (Sema3a), a chemorepellant guidance protein, plays crucial roles in neural, cardiac and peripheral vascular patterning. Sema3a is expressed in the developing nephron, mature podocytes and collecting tubules. Sema3a acts as a negative regulator of ureteric bud branching, but its function in glomerular development has not been examined. Here we tested the hypothesis that Sema3a regulates glomerular vascular development using loss- and gain-of-function mouse models. Sema3a deletion resulted in defects in renal vascular patterning, excess endothelial cells within glomerular capillaries, effaced podocytes with extremely wide foot processes and albuminuria. Podocyte Sema3a overexpression during organogenesis resulted in glomerular hypoplasia, characterized by glomerular endothelial cell apoptosis, delayed and abnormal podocyte foot process development, a complete absence of slit diaphragms and congenital proteinuria. Nephrin, WT1 and VEGFR2 were downregulated in Sema3a-overexpressing kidneys. We conclude that Sema3a is an essential negative regulator of endothelial cell survival in developing glomeruli and plays a crucial role in podocyte differentiation in vivo. Hence, a tight regulation of Sema3a dosage is required for the establishment of a normal glomerular filtration barrier.
ADAS: Adjust directional antenna with sensor hints (2014)

Recently, directional antenna has shown great potential to deploy in indoor environments and significantly improve wireless network capacity. Due to its directionality, the orientation of antenna becomes a critical issue especially for moving devices while exchanging data with directional AP. Previous work largely focused on scenarios, in which the clients are stable at most of the time and addressed the issue of moving device by remeasurement of the whole network information such as received signal strength, conflict graph. However, re-collection of such information will introduce significant overhead. To adjust directional antenna quickly and wisely in real-time, in this paper, we introduce ADAS, a system that adjust orientation of directional antenna with sensor hints from mobile devices. The key idea of ADAS system is to obtain the movement behavior and location information from sensors equipped in mobile devices, then the AP adapts its orientation accordingly. We implement ADAS system on commercial directional antenna and evaluate its performance under different configurations. The experiment results demonstrate that directional AP in ADAS system could adapt to mobility with less overhead.
A dual-band wireless power transfer and backscatter communication approach for implantable neuroprosthetic devices (2017)

We present a dual-band HF and UHF fully-integrated implantable neuroprosthetic testbed. This testbed includes a custom implanted device as well as an external system based on a commercially available USRP B210 software defined radio (SDR) platform. The implanted device integrates a BPSK backscatter uplink rate of 5 Mbps, an HF WPT efficiency of 47% with a power consumption of 1.332 milliwatt. The implanted device measures 25 mm diameter and has a total thickness of 2.8 mm including the printed circuit substrate, antenna, all circuitry, and silicone encapsulation. It supports up to 10 neural and 4 electromyogram (EMG) channels with a sampling rate of 26.1 kHz for the neural channels and 1.628 kHz for the EMG channels. The communication link is shown to have 0% packet error rate at an implant depth of up to 2.5 cm.
Size Limits on Doping Phosphorus into Silicon Nanocrystals (2007)

We studied the electronic properties of phosphorus-doped silicon nanocrystals using the real-space first-principles pseudopotential method. We simulated nanocrystals with a diameter of up to 6 nm and made a direct comparison with experimental measurement for the first time for these systems. Our calculated size dependence of hyperfine splitting was in excellent agreement with experimental data. We also found a critical nanocrystal size below which we predicted that the dopant will be ejected to the surface.
Laser-Based Ultrasonics: Applications at APL (2005)

Conventional ultrasonic techniques have long been recognized for their usefulness in the nondestructive testing of materials and structures. These techniques, based on launching ultrasonic or high-frequency acoustic waves into a material using a coupled transducer, enable the probing of certain material properties. By inducing surface or bulk waves into a material, several material properties, such as thickness, layer structure, and elastic moduli, can be measured. In addition, the material can be checked for cracks, delamination, or changes in porosity. Thus, by launching waves into a material and detecting any corresponding acoustic wave arrivals, it is possible to determine a significant amount of information about the material under test. In contrast to conventional methods, the field of laser-based ultrasonics (LBU) allows the same information to be collected, but through noncontact methods. In this article, we highlight the use of LBU to address problems relevant to air defense, space, and biomedicine.
Some Notes on Security in the Service Location Protocol Version 2 (SLPv2) (2001)

Service discovery protocols help users of a communication network to find services, applications, and devices that are available in the network. This feature is especially useful for mobile users in foreign networks and for groups of users that form a spontaneous (ad hoc) wireless network. As the demand for service discovery is growing, security is becoming an important concern. This paper discusses security in the IETF Service Location Protocol version 2 (SLPv2). We comment on a few security leaks in SLP and propose simple modifications in the SLP specification that make the protocol more resistant against replay attacks. Our method stores the timestamps received in service registration and deregistration messages. Furthermore, we suggest to change authentication keys after a service deregistration. Our SLPv2 implementation (TUM--SLP) demonstrates the fundamental service discovery features as well as authentication mechanisms based on DSA signature verification. Keywords. Service discovery protocols, service location protocol, authentication, security, ad hoc networking. 1
High-throughput Cos-Seq screen with intracellular Leishmania infantum for the discovery of novel drug-resistance mechanisms (2018)

Increasing drug resistance towards first line antimony-derived compounds has forced the introduction of novel therapies in leishmaniasis endemic areas including amphotericin B and miltefosine. However, their use is threatened by the emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains. In order to discover stage-dependent resistance genes, we have adapted the Cos-Seq approach through the introduction of macrophage infections in the pipeline. A L. infantum intracellular amastigote population complemented with a L. infantum cosmid library was submitted to increasing concentrations of miltefosine, amphotericin B and pentavalent antimonials in experimental infections of THP-1 cells. For each step of selection, amastigotes were extracted and cosmids were isolated and submitted to next-generation sequencing, followed by subsequent gene-enrichment analyses. Cos-Seq screen in amastigotes revealed four highly enriched loci for antimony, five for miltefosine and one for amphotericin B. Of these, a total of seven cosmids were recovered and tested for resistance in both promastigotes and amastigotes. Candidate genes within the pinpointed genomic regions were validated using single gene overexpression in wild-type parasites and/or gene disruption by means of a CRISPR-Cas9-based approach. This led to the identification and validation of a stage-independent antimony-resistance gene (LinJ.06.1010) coding for a putative leucine rich repeat protein and a novel amastigote-specific miltefosine-resistance gene (LinJ.32.0050) coding for a member of the SEC13 family of WD-repeat proteins. This study further reinforces the power of Cos-Seq approach to discover novel drug-resistance genes, some of which are life-stages specific.