gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
L-resonator bandstop filters (2002)

A design procedure is presented for TEM narrow bandstop filters using L resonators, which are intermediate of the gap- and parallel-coupled resonators typically used, having parallel coupling only over a portion of the resonator length and a grounded end in either the coupled or stub portion of the resonator.
A method for reducing the variation in "on" resistance of a MOS sampling switch (2002)

Variation in the "on" resistance of a MOS sampling switch can introduce distortion into the front end of a switched-capacitor filter or analog-to-digital converter. We review three methods commonly used to linearize the resistance of a MOS switch and propose a new technique that addresses their limitations. A practical method for implementation is also suggested.
Tailoring wine yeast for the new millennium: novel approaches to the ancient art of winemaking (2000)

Yeasts are predominant in the ancient and complex process of winemaking. In spontaneous fermentations, there is a progressive growth pattern of indigenous yeasts, with the final stages invariably being dominated by the alcohol-tolerant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This species is universally known as the 'wine yeast' and is widely preferred for initiating wine fermentations. The primary role of wine yeast is to catalyze the rapid, complete and efficient conversion of grape sugars to ethanol, carbon dioxide and other minor, but important, metabolites without the development of off-flavours. However, due to the demanding nature of modern winemaking practices and sophisticated wine markets, there is an ever-growing quest for specialized wine yeast strains possessing a wide range of optimized, improved or novel oenological properties. This review highlights the wealth of untapped indigenous yeasts with oenological potential, the complexity of wine yeasts' genetic features and the genetic techniques often used in strain development. The current status of genetically improved wine yeasts and potential targets for further strain development are outlined. In light of the limited knowledge of industrial wine yeasts' complex genomes and the daunting challenges to comply with strict statutory regulations and consumer demands regarding the future use of genetically modified strains, this review cautions against unrealistic expectations over the short term. However, the staggering potential advantages of improved wine yeasts to both the winemaker and consumer in the third millennium are pointed out.
Radiator Characterization and Optimization (1984)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The performance characteristics of a radiator are analyzed and it is shown that the heat transfer and the isothermal air-side pressure drop can be presented quite generally in graphical form for any number of tube rows, ambient conditions, water flow rate, core size and a particular fin pitch. Provision is also made to determine the non-adiabatic static pressure drop based on isothermal results. In addition a method is presented whereby an “optimum” core thickness, taking into consideration fan power and core mass, is predicted.</div>
Quantifying the mechanical and histological properties of thrombus analog made from human blood for the creation of synthetic thrombus for thrombectomy device testing (2018)

Due to its adjustable properties, PAAM-Alg can be modified to mimic various thrombi classifications. Future studies will include obtaining and quantitatively classifying patient thrombectomy samples and altering the PAAM-Alg to mimic the results for use with in vitro thrombectomy studies.
Numerical determination of hysteresis parameters for the modeling of magnetic properties using the theory of ferromagnetic hysteresis (1992)

The authors describe how the various model parameters needed to describe hysteresis on the basis of the Jiles-Atherton theory can be calculated from experimental measurements of the coercivity, remanence, saturation magnetization, initial anhysteretic susceptibility, initial normal susceptibility, and maximum differential susceptibility. The determination of hysteresis parameters based on this limited set of magnetic properties is of the most practical use since these are the properties of magnetic materials that are most likely to be available.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Investigation of Agel Leaf Fiber/Unsaturated Polyester Composite Cutting Parameters Using CO<inf>2</inf> Laser (2018)

Composite is a material with some advantages such as corrosion-resistant, strong, and lightweight. The development of composite materials moves toward sustainable issues by using natural fibers as reinforcement. One of natural fiber type that can be used as reinforcement is agel leaf fiber. The result of composite forming using agel leaf fiber can be applied as the main structure of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The process of making the main structure of UAV is done by cutting the composite sheet. Cutting process using conventional machining results various kinds of damage to composite such as rupture, crack, delamination and tool wear. Laser cutting presents capability to eliminate the potential damage due to no contact between the cutting tools and the workpiece. Another advantage from laser cutting is capability to repeat the same process with a high level of precision. This study aims to determine the effect of various cutting factors of agel leaf fiber/unsaturated polyester with CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> laser in order to obtain best results in the form of smallest kerf width/depth (L/D). Laser power varies at 30, 50, and 70 W. Cutting speed varies at 2, 4 and 6 mm/s. Nozzle distance varied at 24, 26, and 28 mm. Gas pressure varied at 2.5; 5; and 7.5 kPa. Taguchi Method's Orthogonal Arrays L9 is used to combine multiple factor. To ensure data accuracy, each number of tests are done by 3 times repetition. Based on Signal to Noise (S/N) Ratio and ANOVA analysis, gas pressure rank first as the most influencing factor in cutting process of agel leaf fiber/unsaturated polyester composite using CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> laser. Cutting speed, nozzle distance and laser power rank second, third and fourth, respectively.
Towards time-aware link prediction in evolving social networks (2009)

Prediction of links - both new as well as recurring - in a social network representing interactions between individuals is an important problem. In the recent years, there is significant interest in methods that use only the graph structure to make predictions. However, most of them consider a single snapshot of the network as the input, neglecting an important aspect of these social networks viz., their evolution over time.
Cone-beam reprojection using projection-matrices (2003)

This paper addresses reprojection of three-dimensional (3-D) reconstructions obtained from cone-beam scans using a C-arm imaging equipment assisted by a pose-determining system. The emphasis is on reprojecting without decomposing the estimated projection matrix (P-matrix) associated with a pose. Both voxel- and ray-driven methods are considered. The voxel-driven reprojector follows the algorithm for backprojection using a P-matrix. The ray-driven reprojector is derived by extracting from the P-matrix the equation of the line joining a detector-pixel and the X-ray source position. This reprojector can be modified to a ray-driven backprojector. When the geometry is specified explicitly in terms of the physical parameters of the imaging system, the projection matrices can be constructed. The resulting "projection-matrix method" is advantageous, especially when the scanning trajectory is irregular. The algorithms presented are useful in iterative methods of image reconstruction and enhancement procedures, apart from their well-known role in visualization and volume rendering. Reprojections of 3-D patient data compare favorably with the original X-ray projections obtained from a prototype C-arm system. The algorithms for reprojection can be modified to compute perspective maximum intensity projection.
Magnetic properties of TbFeCo-based perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (2010)

The perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions of structure Si/Ti(10 nm)/TbFeCo(22 nm)/CoFeB(2 nm)/MgO(1 nm)/CoFeB(1 nm)/TbFeCo(3 nm)/Ti(10 nm) were deposited on SiNx substrates at room temperature with various Tb contents. The samples were then annealed at different temperatures ranging from 150 to 350 °C. We found that the magnetic tunnel junctions with free-layer Tb content near the compensation point show largest coercivities and best squareness, and more important, best annealing endurance. The maximum magnetoresistance ratio is 4.62% for Tb content 19.7% as deposition. Annealing treatment cannot increase MR further because no crystalline MgO structures were present, even though the samples were annealed up to 350 °C.
Alteration of Radiosensitivity in Metallothionein Induced Mice and a Possible Role of Zn-Cu-Thionein in GSH-Peroxidase System (1987)

Based upon the observation that the mice injected with metallothionein (MT) inducing metals e.g. Cd(3mg/kg), Mn(10mg/kg) of Zn(20mg/kg) 24 hours prior to irradiation showed a marked tolerance against lethal damage due to LD50(30) level radiation and that the levels of MT in liver were elevated to three to twenty fold, i.e. 80-500 micrograms/g liver in these mice, it was assumed that the alteration of zinc turnover which accompanies the synthesis of metallothionein will correlate with a protection mechanism against radiation. Reviewing the biochemical protection mechanism of organisms against various environmental factors as well as various aspects of biological function of metals, the obtained results were discussed and it was tentatively hypothesized the role of zincthionein which could work in the glutathione peroxidase system. Finally the obtained biochemical evidences in vitro are presented.
A Graph Reduction Approach to Symbolic Circuit Analysis (2007)

A new graph reduction approach to symbolic circuit analysis is developed in this paper. A Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) mechanism is formulated, together with a specially designed graph reduction process and a recursive sign determination algorithm. A symbolic analog circuit simulator is developed using a combination of these techniques. The simulator is able to analyze large analog circuits in the frequency domain. Experimental results are reported.
Chord level error correction for portable Braille devices (2006)

Chording with Braille codes is a natural way of entering text for users already familiar with reading Braille. Efficient text input can be achieved with small two-handed portable input devices. A strategy is proposed that can correct most chord level errors with little computational overhead.
Preserving Pendent Claims Subject to Special Limitation Periods in Missouri after the Judicial Improvements Act of 1990 (1991)

This Comment explains why Missouri's limitation doctrine prevented tolling the limitation period of Hill's state-law claim while it remained in federal court under pendent jurisdiction. This is an issue of first impression in the state. The Comment then explores the difficulties that are likely to arise when the new supplemental jurisdiction tolling provision is invoked by plaintiffs in Missouri.
Evaluation of congestion control method using multiple-constant bit rate streams over XCAST6 (2005)

Small Group Multicast (SGM) is an effective solution for conducting a large number of simultaneous small-sized group communications. Sender Initiated Congestion Control (SICC) has been proposed as a congestion control method. It is intended to provide TCP Fairness and Intra Session Fairness for real-time streaming applications based on SGM. In SICC, multiple constant transmission rates are predefined for a given session, and each rate is associated with a different SGM group containing receivers with similar acceptable sending rates. The acceptable sending rate of each receiver is estimated at the sender using TCP-friendly Rate Control (TFRC) in response to feedback generated by the receiver. We apply SICC on one of the most typical SGM mechanism called XCAST6 and evaluate the performance of SICC using network simulator. Since XCAST6 allows packets to be forwarded among receivers even if there is no XCAST aware router along the forwarding path, the performance of mechanisms based on XCAST6 can be significantly affected by the arrangement of XCAST aware router on the networks. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to evaluate how XCAST6 packet forwarding scheme influences the characteristics of the transport layer protocol (i.e., SICC) for real-time streaming applications.
Potential of gene therapy as a treatment for heart failure (2013)

Advances in understanding the molecular basis of myocardial dysfunction, together with the evolution of increasingly efficient gene transfer technology, make gene-based therapy a promising treatment option for heart conditions. Cardiovascular gene therapy has benefitted from recent advancements in vector technology, design, and delivery modalities. There is a critical need to explore new therapeutic approaches in heart failure, and gene therapy has emerged as a viable alternative. Advances in understanding of the molecular basis of myocardial dysfunction, together with the development of increasingly efficient gene transfer technology, has placed heart failure within reach of gene-based therapy. The recent successful and safe completion of a phase 2 trial targeting the cardiac sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase pump (SERCA2a) has the potential to open a new era for gene therapy for heart failure.
Mechanism of Base Activation of Persulfate (2010)

Base is the most commonly used activator of persulfate for the treatment of contaminated groundwater by in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO). A mechanism for the base activation of persulfate is proposed involving the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of persulfate to hydroperoxide anion and sulfate followed by the reduction of another persulfate molecule by hydroperoxide. Reduction by hydroperoxide decomposes persulfate into sulfate radical and sulfate anion, and hydroperoxide is oxidized to superoxide. The base-catalyzed hydrolysis of persulfate was supported by kinetic analyses of persulfate decomposition at various base:persulfate molar ratios and an increased rate of persulfate decomposition in D(2)O vs H(2)O. Stoichiometric analyses confirmed that hydroperoxide reacts with persulfate in a 1:1 molar ratio. Addition of hydroperoxide to basic persulfate systems resulted in rapid decomposition of the hydroperoxide and persulfate and decomposition of the superoxide probe hexachloroethane. The presence of superoxide was confirmed with scavenging by Cu(II). Electron spin resonance spectroscopy confirmed the generation of sulfate radical, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide. The results of this research are consistent with the widespread reactivity reported for base-activated persulfate when it is used for ISCO.
A population approach to ubicomp system design (2010)

In this paper we propose a new approach to the design of ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) systems. One of ubicomp's design ideals is systems that adapt so as to maintain contextual fit. However, the contexts and uses of ubicomp systems are varied and changing, which makes achieving this ideal challenging---especially when using traditional design approaches grounded in static definitions of types or classes, i.e. in static computational structures. Here we outline an alternative approach to system design, a 'vision' for ubiquitous computing, which relies on dynamically coupling together several complementary representations of class. One of these is a population of instances, each of which may differ in its structure, context and use. We offer examples of tools and analyses that set these representations within an ongoing socio-technical process that, we propose, offers significant potential for satisfying ubicomp's requirement for adapting system structure so as to sustain contextual fit.
Gas at Abdominal US: Appearance, Relevance, and Analysis of Artifacts (1999)

Classification of the effects of gas on US images according to their physical characteristics may aid in their interpretation. Appreciating two previously undescribed artifacts, pseudo-pneumatosis intestinalis and pseudo-thickened gut, will improve the usefulness of abdominal US.
Broadcast Scheduling Based on Network Coding in Time Critical Wireless Networks (2010)

Using network coding in wireless networks can increase throughput and reduce energy consumption. Recently there are many works focusing on how to utilize network coding to increase throughput, however there are few works considering the quality of service such as delay which is important to time critical applications. This paper focuses on network coding based broadcast scheduling problem in time critical wireless networks with packet delay constraint and aims at minimizing the number of packets which miss their deadlines. Using a weighted graph model, we formulate the problem with an integer linear programming and prove that it is NP-hard. By assigning vertex weight as a decreasing function of packet deadline, we propose a packet encoding and broadcasting algorithm based on the maximum weight clique in the graph. Detailed analysis shows that some typical application requirements can be realized with different weight functions, which can be useful for Qos design. Simulation results show that our algorithm significantly reduce the deadline miss ratio in most cases, which is an important performance metric in time critical applications.
Addressing of ferroelectric liquid crystal matrices and electrooptical characterization (1991)

Abstract Critical pulse measurements performed on experimental bistable ferroelectric liquid crystal matrices are reported. Their temperature dependence is discussed. Two selected driving schemes were evaluated on the same cells under real multiplexing conditions. Generation of grey shades in FLC cells is discussed. Problems concerning the analogue greyscale techniques are pointed out and some possible future solutions are considered.
Novel photosystem involving protonation and deprotonation processes modelled on a PYP photocycle (2008)

The synthesis of novel ortho-coumaric acid derivatives, with an amide group linked with an olefin moiety, which introduced photoinduced switching of the intramolecular hydrogen bonds is presented. An intramolecular OH...O=C hydrogen bond formed in a Z-phenol compound was switched to an intramolecular NH...O hydrogen bond in Z phenolate state via deprotonation. The pK(a) value of the Z-phenol derivative was lower than that of E-phenol, and a novel photocycle system involving protonation and deprotonation processes was achieved.
Mutations of the Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor (RyR2) Gene in Familial Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (2001)

Our data illustrate that mutations of the RyR2 gene cause at least one variety of inherited polymorphic tachycardia. These findings define a new entity of disorders of myocardial calcium signaling.
Elektrotechnik für Maschinenbauer (2012)

Die "Elektrotechnik fÃ¼r Maschinenbauer" ist ein erfolgreiches Lehrbuch, das sich schon seit Jahrzehnten bei der Ausbildung von Ingenieuren an Fachhochschulen bewÃ¤hrt. Es vermittelt leicht verstÃ¤ndlich die elektrotechnischen Grundlagen und greift dann die Fachgebiete auf, die fÃ¼r die verschiedenen TÃ¤tigkeitsbereiche der Ingenieure unverzichtbar sind. In der aktuellen Auflage wurden die Abschnitte Verfahren zur Spannungserzeugung und Synchronmaschine erweitert sowie Daten zur Energieerzeugung und Verbrauch aktualisiert. Inhalt Gleich-, Wechsel- und Drehstromtechnik - Elektronik - Elektrische Messtechnik - Elektrische Maschinen und Leistungselektronik - Elektrische Antriebe und Steuerungstechnik - Elektrische Energieversorgung und SchutzmaÃnahmen Zielgruppe Studierende der Ingenieurwissenschaften an Fachhochschulen mit Nebenfach Elektrotechnik Ãber die Autoren Dr.-Ing. Rolf Fischer ist Professor i. R. der Hochschule Esslingen und Lehrbeauftragter der Technischen Akademie Esslingen. Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Hermann Linse (â ) war an der Hochschule Esslingen tÃ¤tig.
Superantigens (1994)

"Superantigens" is the term for a group of molecules that have in common an extremely potent stimulatory activity for T lymphocytes of several species. They stimulate CD4+, CD8+ and gamma delta + T cells by a unique mechanism: they cross-link variable parts of the T-cell receptor (TCR) with MHC class II molecules on accessory or target cells. The interaction site on the class II molecule and on the TCR is different from the peptide binding site; on the TCR it is the variable part of the beta chain (V beta). The prototype superantigen is the staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), member of a family of genetically related proteins produced by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. These are soluble exotoxins of approximately 27 kd molecular mass. It is intriguing that this molecular mechanism of T-cell stimulation has been independently produced at least three times in evolution. Other pathogens producing superantigens are retroviruses (the Mouse Mammary Tumor Viruses) and a mycoplasma (Mycoplasma arthritidis). Many additional candidate superantigens have been proposed, but in most cases unequivocal evidence for superantigen activity is still missing. There are several reasons why these molecules have aroused such tremendous interest in recent years. First, they have provided key information on tolerance mechanisms, both on the deletion of T cells in the thymus and on the induction of peripheral tolerance by anergy and apoptosis. Second, of all polyclonal T-cell stimulators they are the ones that most closely mimic the recognition of specific antigen. Finally, they have been recognized as important factors in the pathogenicity of the producing pathogens, inducing shock and immunosuppression. Whilst there is evidence that superantigens could be involved in the pathogenesis of certain human diseases, in most cases this is still very preliminary and indirect.
Isolation and structural investigation of the fluorescent degradation products of ampicillin. (1981)

The reaction mechanism of the degradation of ampicillin to fluorescent products has been investigated. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the degradation products obtained by reaction in the presence of mercuric chloride indicated the formation of a new fluorophore. Isolation of the product followed by spectral investigation showed the structure of the new fluorophore to be 2-hydroxy-3-phenyl-6-penillomethylpyrazine. The degradation in the presence of acetoaldehyde, however, produced another fluorophore which was identified as 2-hydroxy-3-phenyl-6-ethylpyrazine. The reaction mechanism was elucidated in terms of a penilloaldehyde intermediate on the above results.