gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of epidermal growth factor‐related proteins in the aged adult mouse mammary gland and their relationship to tumorigenesis (1997)

Mammary glands from female BALB/c mice of different ages and parity were screened for production of three epidermal growth factor (EGF) related transforming growth factors and their corresponding mRNAs. Glands were obtained from 2–26-month-old nulliparous, 4–26-month-old parous, and 2–8-month-old midpregnant mice. Reverse-transcribed polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to screen for mRNA from the transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα), cripto-1 (CR-1), and amphiregulin (AR) genes in extracts of whole mammary glands. TGFα, CR-1, and AR transcripts were detected in all of the mammary glands assayed. In situ hybridization was then used to localize these mRNAs among various cell types in sections of glands. TGFα mRNA levels were low in the mammary epithelium from young nulliparous mice, high in the stroma of midpregnant mammary glands, and highest in luminal epithelium of the aged glands. AR mRNA levels were high and remained unchanged in all developmental stages. CR-1 mRNA level increased with age and was detected primarily in epithelium, with some scattered expression in adjacent stroma. Finally, TGFα, CR-1, and AR proteins were immunolocalized in histological sections of mammary glands from the various developmental stages. TGFα was detected sporadically in midpregnant mice, with more conspicuous reactivity seen in 18–26-month-old mice (38% of mice). CR-1 immunoreactivity was detected in 100% of the 18–26-month-old glands but not in any other age groups. Strong AR immunoreactivity was observed in in all glands, including 100% of the 18–26-month-old glands. Staining for all three of these growth factors was observed primarily in the epithelium, with some reactivity detected in the periductal fibroblasts. No significant difference was discerned between glands from nulliparous and parous animals. We also found intense CR-1 and AR mRNA expression and strong immunoreactivity in seven different carcinogen-induced and eight spontaneous mammary tumors. Our results demonstrate that these growth factors accumulate in significant amounts in the old gland of both nulliparous and parous mice. The observations suggest that these growth factors are positioned to contribute to abnormal development in the older mammary gland, predisposing them to tumorigenesis. J Cell Physiol 170:47–56, 1997 © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Plenoptic Image Acquisition And Processing (2012)

The projection of a 3-D scene to a single 2-D image plane retrieves only very limited information. In general, neither the 3-D structure nor the optical properties of the observed objects can be estimated. This limitation can be related to a too sparse sampling of the plenoptic function. The plenoptic function is the starting point for a general theory of imaging. Some first research results beyond traditional imaging are shown. Analyzing the orientation of the plenoptic function as captured by plenoptic cameras results in surprisingly accurate depth information even from objects with specular object surfaces.
Sparse random projection for efficient cancelable face feature extraction (2008)

Based on a recently proposed framework for cancelable biometric template generation, this paper focuses on boosting the computational efficiency using a sparse random projection. Comparing with a non-sparse random projection, we show empirically that the verification accuracy of templates generated by sparse random projection do not degrade while enjoying a more efficient feature extraction process than before. This work contributes to establishment of an algorithm for effective cancelable face template generation.
Network Routing Application Programmer's Interface (API) and Walk Through 9.0.1 (2002)

I-LENSE data diffusion (at USC/ISI) and DRP (at MIT/LL) are both based on the core concept of subject-based routing. Although there are some fundamental differences between these approaches, we believe that both can be accommodated with the same Network Routing API.
Thermochromic inks – dynamic colour possibilities (2010)

Thermochromic inks are one of the major groups of colour-changing inks. This paper aims at discussing general aspects of thermochromic inks, dynamic colorimetric properties of leuco dye-based thermochromic inks, their stability and principle of variable-temperature colour measurement. We will analyse here a colorimetric properties of the screen-printed UV-curing leucodye thermochromic inks in red and blue shades with activation temperature of 31°C, and in green shade with activation temperature of 33°C. A small analysis of irreversible thermochromic inks will be also presented for comparison with reversible thermochromic inks. Also, a combination of different inks was made, an irreversible thermochromic ink was printed on top of the blue reversible thermochromic ink. Special attention was devoted to characterization of the colour hysteresis and the meaning of the activation temperature.
Translational Systems Biology: Introduction of an Engineering Approach to the Pathophysiology of the Burn Patient (2008)

The pathophysiology of the burn patient manifests the full spectrum of the complexity of the inflammatory response. In the acute phase, inflammation may have negative effects via capillary leak, the propagation of inhalation injury, and development of multiple organ failure. Attempts to mediate these processes remain a central subject of burn care research. Conversely, inflammation is a necessary prologue and component in the later stage processes of wound healing. Despite the volume of information concerning the cellular and molecular processes involved in inflammation, there exists a significant gap between the knowledge of mechanistic pathophysiology and the development of effective clinical therapeutic regimens. Translational systems biology (TSB) is the application of dynamic mathematical modeling and certain engineering principles to biological systems to integrate mechanism with phenomenon and, importantly, to revise clinical practice. This study will review the existing applications of TSB in the areas of inflammation and wound healing, relate them to specific areas of interest to the burn community, and present an integrated framework that links TSB with traditional burn research.
Evaluation of Serum Amyloid A and Surfactant Protein D in Sera for Identification of the Clinical Condition of Horses with Bacterial Pneumonia (2007)

In the present study, the concentrations of serum amyloid A and surfactant protein D in sera were measured to evaluate them for identification of the clinical condition of horses with bacterial pneumonia. The study utilized 185 clinically healthy control thoroughbreds and 9 thoroughbreds for experimental infectious study with S. zooepidemicus. Blood samples were collected from the 185 healthy control thoroughbreds. The 9 thoroughbreds were experimentally infected S. zooepidemicus using an endoscopic injection to a lung lobe and were then observed of clinical conditions. Blood samples were collected before inoculation and on the 1-15th, 22nd, and 29th days after inoculation (follow-up group). The levels of SAA and SP-D in the healthy control thoroughbreds were very low. In the follow-up group, the levels of SAA and SP-D changed in parallel with the horses' clinical condition. The pyrexia observed after bacterial inoculation faded by the 11th day, and the changes in SAA and SP-D occurred simultaneous to disappearance of the clinical signs. Measurement of SAA and SP-D proved useful for monitoring the clinical condition of the horses with bacterial pneumonia. Changes in the SP-D value were preceded by changes in the SAA value. Since the changes in SP-D occurred approximately simultaneous to the changes in the horses' clinical signs, we believe that they reflect the condition of the alveolar membranes. We conclude that measurement of SAA and SP-D in sera is useful for identification of the clinical condition of horses with bacterial pneumonia.
Soluble epoxide hydrolase regulates hematopoietic progenitor cell function via generation of fatty acid diols (2012)

Fatty acid epoxides are important lipid signaling molecules involved in the regulation of vascular tone and homeostasis. Tissue and plasma levels of these mediators are determined by the activity of cytochrome P450 epoxygenases and the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), and targeting the latter is an effective way of manipulating epoxide levels in vivo. We investigated the role of the sEH in regulating the mobilization and proliferation of progenitor cells with vasculogenic/reparative potential. Our studies revealed that sEH down-regulation/inhibition impaired the development of the caudal vein plexus in zebrafish, and decreased the numbers of lmo2/cmyb-positive progenitor cells therein. In mice sEH inactivation attenuated progenitor cell proliferation (spleen colony formation), but the sEH products 12,13-dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid (12,13-DiHOME) and 11,12- dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid stimulated canonical Wnt signaling and rescued the effects of sEH inhibition. In murine bone marrow, the epoxide/diol content increased during G-CSF-induced progenitor cell expansion and mobilization, and both mobilization and spleen colony formation were reduced in sEH(-/-) mice. Similarly, sEH(-/-) mice showed impaired functional recovery following hindlimb ischemia, which was rescued following either the restoration of bone marrow sEH activity or treatment with 12,13-DiHOME. Thus, sEH activity is required for optimal progenitor cell proliferation, whereas long-term sEH inhibition is detrimental to progenitor cell proliferation, mobilization, and vascular repair.
Longitudinal recording at 10 to 20 Gbit/inch/sup 2/ and beyond (1999)

It is a common understanding that superparamagnetic effects will eventually limit the maximum recording density of magnetic hard disk recording. This contribution reviews the theoretical concepts of noise in magnetic recording as well as the concepts of thermally activated magnetization reversal, The theoretical results are contrasted with experimental data. The findings clearly indicate that at some point, signal-to-noise ratio has to be compromised with the thermal stability of the written information.
Multi-dimensional Knowledge Integration for Efficient Incident Management in a Services Cloud (2009)

The increasing complexity and dynamics in IT infrastructure and the emerging Cloud services present challenges to timely incident/problem diagnosis and resolution. In this paper we present a problem determination platform with multi-dimensional knowledge integration (e.g. configuration data, system vital data, log data, related tickets) and enablement for efficient incident and problem management of the enterprise. Three features of the platform are discussed: automated ticket classification, the automated association of resource with tickets based on integration with configuration database, and the collection of the system vitals relevant to the ticket through integration with monitoring systems. In response to the emerging Cloud services and their highly dynamic service operation context, we identify the need for a proactive service management approach which incorporates configurations and deployment of incident management tools, policies, and templates throughout the service life cycle in order to enable effective and efficient incident management in service operation.
Is the Geometry of Nature Fractal? (1998)

The notion of the abundance of fractals is critically re-examined in light of surprising data regarding the scaling range in empirical reports on fractality.
Significance of thrombocytopenia in patients with primary and postessential thrombocythemia/polycythemia vera myelofibrosis (2017)

Severe thrombocytopenia (platelets <50 × 10<sup>9</sup> /L) is associated with very poor outcome of patients with myelofibrosis (MF). As patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) differ from patients with postessential thrombocythemia (PET-MF) and postpolycythemia vera myelofibrosis (PPV-MF), we aimed to evaluate the significance of low platelets among these patients. We present clinical characteristics and outcome of patients with either PMF, PPV-MF, or PET-MF, and thrombocytopenia who presented to our institution between 1984 and 2015. Of 1269 patients (877 PMF, 212 PPV-MF, 180 PET-MF), 11% and 14% had platelets either <50 × 10<sup>9</sup> /L or between 50-100 × 10<sup>9</sup> /L, respectively. Patients with platelets <50 × 10<sup>9</sup> /L were most anemic and transfusion dependent, had highest blast count and unfavorable karyotype. In general, their overall and leukemia-free survival was the shortest with median time of 15 and 13 months, respectively; with incidence of acute leukemia almost twice as high as in the remaining patients (6.9 vs 3.6 cases per 100 person-years). Nevertheless, this observation remains mostly significant for patients with PMF, as those with PEV/PVT-MF have already significantly inferior prognosis with platelets <100 × 10<sup>9</sup> /L.
Immunodominant epitopes on glycoprotein IIb-IIIa recognized by autoreactive T cells in patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (2001)

It was recently reported that autoreactive CD4(+) T cells to glycoprotein IIb-IIIa (GPIIb-IIIa) mediate antiplatelet autoantibody production in patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). To further examine the antigenic specificity of the GPIIb-IIIa-reactive T cells, 6 recombinant fragments encoding different portions of GPIIbalpha or GPIIIa were generated and tested for their ability to stimulate antigen-specific T-cell proliferation and anti-GPIIb-IIIa antibody production in vitro. T cells from the peripheral blood of 25 patients with ITP and 10 healthy donors proliferated in response to recombinant GPIIb-IIIa fragments in various combinations. The amino-terminal portions of both GPIIbalpha and GPIIIa (IIbalpha18-259 and IIIa22-262) were frequently recognized (60% and 64%, respectively) compared with other fragments (4%-28%) in patients with ITP, but this tendency was not detected in healthy donors. In subsequent analyses in patients with ITP, T-cell reactivities to IIbalpha18-259 and IIIa22-262 were consistently detected, whereas those to other fragments were sometimes lost. In vitro antigenic stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with IIbalpha18-259 or IIIa22-262 promoted the synthesis of anti-GPIIb-IIIa antibodies in patients with ITP, but not in healthy donors. Of 15 CD4(+) T-cell lines specific for platelet-derived GPIIb-IIIa generated from 5 patients with ITP, 13 lines recognized IIbalpha18-259, IIIa22-262, or both. T-cell lines reactive to IIbalpha18-259 or IIIa22-262 promoted the production of anti-GPIIb-IIIa antibodies that were capable of binding to normal platelet surfaces. These results indicate that the immunodominant epitopes recognized by pathogenic CD4(+) T cells in patients with ITP are located within the amino-terminal portions of both GPIIbalpha and GPIIIa.
From Structure to Function: the Ecology of Host-Associated Microbial Communities (2010)

In the past several years, we have witnessed an increased interest in understanding the structure and function of the indigenous microbiota that inhabits the human body. It is hoped that this will yield novel insight into the role of these complex microbial communities in human health and disease. What is less appreciated is that this recent activity owes a great deal to the pioneering efforts of microbial ecologists who have been studying communities in non-host-associated environments. Interactions between environmental microbiologists and human microbiota researchers have already contributed to advances in our understanding of the human microbiome. We review the work that has led to these recent advances and illustrate some of the possible future directions for continued collaboration between these groups of researchers. We discuss how the application of ecological theory to the human-associated microbiota can lead us past descriptions of community structure and toward an understanding of the functions of the human microbiota. Such an approach may lead to a shift in the prevention and treatment of human diseases that involves conservation or restoration of the normal community structure and function of the host-associated microbiota.
Stereoscopic display which shows 3D natural scenes without contradiction of accommodation and convergence (2005)

Contradiction between convergence and accommodation of our eyes often causes eyestrain and sickness of the viewer in the conventional stereoscopic display systems. Though there exist several methods to solve this problem, they are expensive and are not expected to be commercially available in a near future. The authors propose a novel system that realizes electronic motion images without VR sickness, consisting of cylindrical lenses and electronic image displays with high frequency striped patterns. When we see images with high frequency patterns through cylindrical lenses, we perceive change of blur and focal depth in proportion to the inclination angle of high frequency stripes. Thus this system can control accommodation status of our eyes continuously with inexpensive devices. As for natural scenes, this system uses a filter that blurs high frequency components contained in the scenes except for those needed to lead desired accommodation of our eyes. Thus this system can also induce proper accommodation of our eyes for most natural scenes including various high frequency components.
Analysis of 462 Transplantations from Unrelated Donors Facilitated by the National Marrow Donor Program (1993)

The National Marrow Donor Program has benefited a substantial number of patients in need of marrow transplants from closely HLA-matched unrelated donors and has facilitated the recruitment of unrelated donors into the donor pool and the access to suitable marrow.
Robust Range-Doppler Registration with HD Maps (2020)

This paper proposes a novel registration method in range-Doppler domain which is highly robust against inaccurate initialization. In contrast to state-of-the-art approaches which perform the registration in the point cloud domain, the proposed method shifts the registration to the range-Doppler domain. This algorithm is initialized with the mechanical motion sensors measurements and combines the range-Doppler observation of a Doppler sensor with the a priori information of a high definition (HD) map to minimize the initial ego-motion estimation error. Formulating the registration problem in the range-Doppler domain allows us to benefit from the specific advantages such as angle estimation independence, saving computational costs by avoiding detections extraction and their transformation to other domains such as polar and Cartesian for point cloud generation. This method is robustly designed to cope with the noisy data of mechanical motion sensors as standard vehicle features for avoiding the usage of costly inefficient motion measurement systems. Moreover, this technique offers enough robustness to deal with Doppler sensors with a single transmit and receive antenna which leads to developing a cost-efficient registration system. As an optimization-based approach it minimizes a cost function which is formulated including the consideration of inaccurate initialization, inputted from motion-estimation systems. The evaluations using radar measurements demonstrate the plausibility and feasibility of the algorithm.
Cloning and expression of an inhibitor of microbial metalloproteinases from insects contributing to innate immunity (2004)

The first IMPI (inhibitor of metalloproteinases from insects) was identified in the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella [Wedde, Weise, Kopacek, Franke and Vilcinskas (1998) Eur. J. Biochem. 255, 535-543]. Here we report cloning and expression of a cDNA coding for this IMPI. The IMPI mRNA was identified among the induced transcripts from a subtractive and suppressive PCR analysis after bacterial challenge of G. mellonella larvae. Induced expression of the IMPI during a humoral immune response was confirmed by real-time PCR, which documented up to 500 times higher amounts of IMPI mRNA in immunized larvae in comparison with untreated ones. The IMPI sequence shares no similarity with those of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases or other natural inhibitors of metalloproteinases, and the recombinant IMPI specifically inhibits thermolysin-like metalloproteinases, but not matrix metalloproteinases. These results support the hypothesis that the IMPI represents a novel type of immune-related protein which is induced and processed during the G. mellonella humoral immune response to inactivate pathogen-associated thermolysin-like metalloproteinases.
Chemical Structures of Swine-Manure Chars Produced under Different Carbonization Conditions Investigated by Advanced Solid-State <sup>13</sup>C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy (2010)

Two types of swine-manure chars, hydrothermally produced hydrochar and slow-pyrolysis pyrochar, and their raw swine-manure solid were characterized using advanced solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In comparison to raw swine-manure solid, both hydrochars and pyrochar displayed significantly different structural features, with lower alkyl carbons, NCH, OCH3, O-alkyl, and COO/N−C═O groups but higher aromatic/olefinic and aromatic C−O groups. The chemical structures of four hydrochars varied with different processing conditions. In comparison to the hydrochar with only water wash (HTC-swine W), washing hydrochar with acetone (HTC-swine A) removed the soluble intermediates deposited on the hydrochar, as shown by the decrease of O-alkyl (primarily carbohydrates), corresponding increase of aromatic/olefinic carbons and complete removal of OCH3 groups. With citric acid prewash and acetone wash (HTC-AW-swine A), aromatic C−O and aromatics/olefinics were increased and alkyls were decreased, with O-alkyls totally removed in comparison to just acetone wash (HTC-swine A). Citric acid catalysis and acetone wash (HTC-AC-swine A) increased aromatic C−O and non-protonated aromatics/olefinics, decreased alkyls further, and reduced protonated aromatics/olefinics compared to citric acid prewash and acetone wash (HTC-AW-swine A). The ratios of non-protonated to protonated aromatic/olefinic carbons for HTC-swine W, HTC-swine A, and HTC-AW-swine A hydrochars were quite similar but enhanced for HTC-AC-swine A hydrochar. Obviously, citric acid catalysis and acetone wash (HTC-AC-swine A) provided deeper carbonization than other hydrothermal processes. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) processes were associated with the hydrolysis and subsequent decomposition of major biopolymer components in swine manure. The increase of aromaticity during HTC was likely due to condensation polymerization of the intermediates from the degradation of carbohydrates. Pyrochar produced from slow pyrolysis was structurally different from HTC hydrochars. The dominant component of pyrochar was aromatics, whereas that of hydrochars was alkyl moieties. The aromatic cluster size of pyrochar was larger than those of hydrochars. Slow pyrolysis at 620 °C provided deeper carbonization than HTC processes.