gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kalman filter techniques for accelerated Cartesian dynamic cardiac imaging (2012)

Abstract In dynamic MRI, spatial and temporal parallel imaging can be exploited to reduce scan time. Real‐time reconstruction enables immediate visualization during the scan. Commonly used view‐sharing techniques suffer from limited temporal resolution, and many of the more advanced reconstruction methods are either retrospective, time‐consuming, or both. A Kalman filter model capable of real‐time reconstruction can be used to increase the spatial and temporal resolution in dynamic MRI reconstruction. The original study describing the use of the Kalman filter in dynamic MRI was limited to non‐Cartesian trajectories because of a limitation intrinsic to the dynamic model used in that study. Here the limitation is overcome, and the model is applied to the more commonly used Cartesian trajectory with fast reconstruction. Furthermore, a combination of the Kalman filter model with Cartesian parallel imaging is presented to further increase the spatial and temporal resolution and signal‐to‐noise ratio. Simulations and experiments were conducted to demonstrate that the Kalman filter model can increase the temporal resolution of the image series compared with view‐sharing techniques and decrease the spatial aliasing compared with TGRAPPA. The method requires relatively little computation, and thus is suitable for real‐time reconstruction. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Structural and Optical Evaluation of Vacuum-Deposited GaP Films (1969)

Optical absorption-edge shifts of up to 1.5 eV have been observed for GaP films deposited in textured polycrystalline states and in the amorphous state. The amorphous-crystalline transition occurs for a substrate temperature Ts of about 240°C. The films deposited at 240°C≤Ts≤270°C exhibiting the large optical absorption-edge shift are nontransparent, metallic-appearing, and exhibit a strong [110] texture. The amorphous films deposited at just below 240°C exhibit the same optical properties. With increasing Ts, the films exhibit decreasing optical absorption-edge shifts, becoming transparent-yellow for Ts≥425°C. However, a bulk optical behavior is achieved only by annealing the films at temperatures up to 600°C. The principal textures found by x-ray diffraction are [110] for 240°≤Ts≤270°C, and [111] for Ts&gt;350°C. Reflection-electron-diffraction (RED) observations agree substantially with those obtained by x ray, but also indicate some mixed textures. A weak (101̄0) reflection is observed by both x rays and RED, indicating an incipient hcp phase; it is shown that this is not causally related to the optical-edge shift. X-ray lattice-constant measurements over the range of Ts from 250°–425°C indicate no observable systematic deviation from bulk values; these observations rule out any causal relationship between changes in lattice constant and the optical absorption-edge shift. Extinction bands or bounded-plasma resonance effects do not seem to be able to explain the experimental behavior; the shifts are most probably due to large concentrations of self-compensated natural defects. It is emphasized that these as-deposited and annealed GaP films cover the entire absorption spectrum (α vs E) of all III-V compounds (except InAs and InSb) plus Ge and Si.
Detecting GAN generated Fake Images using Co-occurrence Matrices (2019)

The advent of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) has brought about completely novel ways of transforming and manipulating pixels in digital images. GAN based techniques such as Image-to-Image translations, DeepFakes, and other automated methods have become increasingly popular in creating fake images. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to detect GAN generated fake images using a combination of co-occurrence matrices and deep learning. We extract co-occurrence matrices on three color channels in the pixel domain and train a model using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) framework. Experimental results on two diverse and challenging GAN datasets comprising more than 56,000 images based on unpaired image-to-image translations (cycleGAN [1]) and facial attributes/expressions (StarGAN [2]) show that our approach is promising and achieves more than 99% classification accuracy in both datasets. Further, our approach also generalizes well and achieves good results when trained on one dataset and tested on the other.
γ-Secretase inhibitors suppress the growth of leukemia and lymphoma cells (2007)

gamma-Secretase inhibitors (GSI) suppress the growth of acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cells with NOTCH1 mutations. Recently, clinical trials of GSI for refractory T-ALL have commenced. In the present study, we examined the effects of three types of GSI; GSI-I, GSI-IX, and GSI-XII on the growth of four B-cell malignant lymphoma (B-ML) and four acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines as well as four T-ALL cell lines. We found that GSI also suppressed the in vitro growth of some B-ML and AML cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Growth suppression occurred through induction of apoptosis. Expression of the HES1 gene, one of the targets of Notch signaling, was high in T-ALL cells with NOTCH1 mutations, but was low in GSI-sensitive B-ML and AML cells. GSI treatment decreased HES1 mRNA expression in T-ALL cells, while GSI increased HES1 mRNA in two GSI-sensitive B-ML and AML cell lines. In immunoblot analysis, the band for the intracellular fragment of Notch1, an active form of Notch1, was dense in T-ALL cells but was faint in GSI-sensitive B-ML and AML cells; attenuation of the band by GSI was not evident. These findings suggest that GSI may act on Notch 2, 3 or 4 protein, or some pathways other than Notch signaling in GSI-sensitive B-ML and AML cells. Namely, growth suppression by GSI may involve cell growth-related proteins, which are gamma-secretase substrates. Taken together, we have shown that GSI may be useful for the treatment of hematological malignancies other than T-ALL. The mechanism behind the effects remains to be clarified. Our investigations lead to a novel molecular target therapy for chemotherapy-resistant leukemia and lymphomas.
Approximating the number of differences between remote sets (2006)

We consider the problem of approximating the number of differences between sets held on remote hosts using minimum communication. Efficient solutions to this problem are important for streamlining a variety of communication sensitive network applications, including data synchronization in mobile networks, gossip protocols and content delivery networks. Using tools from the field of interactive communication, we show that this problem requires about as much communication as the problem of exactly determining such differences. As a result, we propose a heuristic solution based on the counting Bloom filter. We provide analytic bounds on the expected performance of our protocol and also experimental evidence that they can outperform existing difference approximation techniques.
New particle detectors—The multiwire proportional chamber and the drift chamber (1977)

A brief discussion is given of the operation, construction, and applications of multiwire proportional counters and the newer drift chambers.(AIP)
Tuning the thermosensitive properties of hybrid collagen peptide–polymer hydrogels (2014)

A hybrid hydrogel based on collagen-mimetic peptides has been designed with tunable thermosensitive properties. By changing the number of POG repeats within the collagen peptide sequence, the thermal stability of the triple helical physical crosslinks of a peptide-polymer conjugate can be altered, thus tuning the stiffness of the hydrogel as a function of temperature. This report focuses on three different thermally responsive collagen peptide, PEG-based hydrogels and validates their use as stimuli-responsive materials.
Development of flexible array eddy current probes for complex geometries and inspection of magnetic parts using magnetic sensors (2013)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation B. Marchand, J.-M. Decitre, N. Sergeeva-Chollet, A. Skarlatos; Development of flexible array eddy current probes for complex geometries and inspection of magnetic parts using magnetic sensors. AIP Conf. Proc. 25 January 2013; 1511 (1): 488–493. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4789087 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Digital Halftoning using Pre-Computed Maps (1999)

Digital halftoning techniques using threshold matrices have clear advantages in their speed of operation together with the possibility of controlling the produced dot patterns. However, due to an inherent restriction discussed in this article, the quality of dispersed dots halftones produced with this technique is not always satisfactory. In this article we describe a technique that overcomes this restriction, thereby allowing for an individual design of each tint value without any loss of speed. We also propose a design strategy for obtaining near optimal tints without losing the necessary correlation between tints. High quality reproduction of both tints and transitions between different intensity levels is thus possible. This technique also allows for new types of dispersed dot halftones with predefined micro structures. Halftones with micro structures are less sensitive to both mechanical and optical dot gain and can advantageously be used in processes with severe dot gain or low printing precision. In this article we present two types of micro structures together with several image examples.
Comparison of Fluorescent Microspheres and Colloidal Gold as Labels in Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assays for the Detection of T-2 Toxin (2015)

A new highly specific and sensitive monoclonal antibody (MAb) to T-2 toxin (T-2) was produced, providing an IC50 value of 1.02 ng/mL and negligible cross-reactivity (CR) to other related mycotoxins. Based on the new MAb, a lateral-flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) using colloidal gold (CG) and fluorescent microspheres (FMs) as labels was proposed for T-2. Under the optimized conditions, in rapid qualitative assay, the cut-off values of the CG-LFIA were 400 μg/kg in rice and 50 μg/L in fresh milk, and the cut-off values of the FMs-LFIA were 100 μg/kg in both rice and chicken feed. For the quantitative assay with the FMs-LFIA, the limit of detection (LOD) were 0.23 μg/kg and 0.41 μg/kg in rice and chicken feed, respectively, and the average recoveries ranged from 80.2% to 100.8% with the coefficient of variation (CV) below 10.8%. In addition, we found that the CG-LFIA could tolerate the matrix effect of fresh milk better than the FMs-LFIA, while the FMs-LFIA could tolerate the matrix effect of chicken feed better than CG-LFIA under the same experimental conditions. These results provide a certain reference for the selection of appropriate labels to establish a rapid LFIA in various biological samples.
<title>Remote observing with the Keck Telescopes</title> (1997)

We describe the remote observing capabilities currently provided at the Keck Headquarters in Waimea (located approximately 32 km from the Keck summit and at an elevation of 850 m) as well as the subset of capabilities now available from the mainland via the Internet. The bandwidth available between the telescope and the remote observing site determines which of several remote observing software and networking architectures is most cost-effective. We describe our operational experience with several different architectures, differentiating between those used at Keck headquarters and those used for remote observing from the mainland. Methods for optimizing bandwidth are explored, including the pipelining of image readout with data compression and transmission to the remote site. Tradeoffs between network bandwidth, security, and portability of software to remote observing sites are also explored.
Modeling of spin transport in MTJ devices (2012)

Spin-Transfer Torque Random Access Memory (STT-RAM) is a promising candidate for the next generation universal memory technology, with a combination of non-volatility, high endurance, high speed, and better scalability compared to existing memory technologies. The key building block of the operation of STT-RAM is the Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) device, which uses spin polarized currents instead of magnetic fields to read/ write magnetic bits. While the read process is largely determined by the charge current, the spin current is critical to the write process. This thesis presents a Non-equilibrium Green's Function (NEGF) based transport model for MTJ devices that allows us to model both charge and spin currents accurately. Although there are several experiments describing the bias and switching behavior of MTJ, none of the existing theoretical models correctly provide quantitative agreement with experiments. Using our model, we show: (1) good agreement with diverse experimental measurements like resistance and spin torques; (2) provide simple explanation for bias dependences of the torques; and (3) propose an asymmetric STT device, which has the potential of switching in non-reciprocal way. Furthermore, we present an analytical expression for the spin current starting from the current operator expression; we discuss about the formalism of Non-Equilibrium spin current in the coherent transport regime and discuss initial results for a possible approach to developing a compact model for STT-RAM cell integrable with CMOS circuits.
<i>lumi</i>: a pipeline for processing Illumina microarray (2008)

The lumi Bioconductor package, www.bioconductor.org
PEG-Based Hydrogel Synthesis via the Photodimerization of Anthracene Groups (2002)

Photo-cross-linking has received a considerable attention for the design of intelligent materials in biochemical and biomedical applications. In this report, we describe the synthesis and properties of a novel photoreversible poly(ethylene glycol)- (PEG-) based hydrogel system. 9-Anthracenecarboxylic acid was used to modify the hydroxyl groups of an eight-armed PEG polymer (molecular weight 20 000) and the degree of substitution was determined to be 87.4%. The PEG−anthracene macromers (PEG−AN) exhibited high photosensitivity at wavelengths close to visible light (absorption maxima at 366 and 380 nm) and underwent rapid and reversible photo-cross-linking upon exposure to alternating wavelengths of irradiation (365/254 nm) in the absence of photoinitiators or catalysts. Changes in light exposure and wavelength of irradiation reversibly altered the physicochemical properties of the PEG−AN hydrogel, including swellability, absorption spectrum, and topography.
Posttranscriptional regulation of c-fos mRNA expression (1987)

The transient induction of c-fos mRNA and protein suggests that regulation occurs not only by transcriptional activation but also at the level of turnover of the gene product. Here we present evidence for the rapid turnover of c-fos mRNA and some of the requirements for its specific degradation. The half life of induced mature cytoplasmic c-fos mRNA is 9 min in both serum-starved and growing primary human fibroblasts and in NIH 3T3 cells. A structure present at the 3' end of the c-fos mRNA molecule is involved in its low stability since the substitution or the removal of the untranslated 3' portion prolongues the RNA life time. The rapid turnover of fos mRNA requires, in addition, continued protein synthesis. Treatment of cells with cycloheximide stabilizes c-fos mRNA. Washing out cycloheximide reestablishes the rapid turnover. Both changes occur with lag periods of less than 17 minutes.
Benefiting from the Unique Properties of Lanthanide Ions (2005)

The recent upsurge of interest in contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, of luminescent chemosensors for medical diagnostic, and lately, for optical imaging of cells has generated an impressive momentum for the coordination and supramolecular chemistry of trivalent lanthanide ions. We shortly review the synthetic methods allowing the introduction of these spherical ions with fascinating optical and magnetic properties into elaborate mono- and polymetallic edifices. We then illustrate these methods by selected examples describing the use of (i) a coronand to produce luminescent liquid crystals, (ii) derivatized calixarenes for 4f-5f element separation, (iii) podates for the production of nanoparticles with high relaxivity and for sensitizing the near-infrared (NIR) emission, and (iv) self-assembly processes for producing functional bimetallic edifices.
Perpendicular-anisotropy magnetic tunnel junction switched by spin-Hall-assisted spin-transfer torque (2015)

We investigate the magnetization switching induced by spin-Hall-assisted spin-transfer torque (STT) in a three-terminal device consisting of a perpendicular-anisotropy magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) and an β-W strip. Magnetization dynamics in free layer of MTJ is simulated by solving numerically a modified Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation. The influences of spin-Hall write current (density, duration and direction) on the STT switching are evaluated. We find that the switching speed of a STT-MTJ can be significantly improved (reduced to <1 ns) by using a sufficiently large spin-Hall write current density (~25 MA cm−2) with an appropriate duration (~0.5 ns). Finally we develop an electrical model of three-terminal MTJ/β-W device with Verilog-A language and perform transient simulation of switching a 4 T/1MTJ/1β-W memory cell with Spectre simulator. Simulation results demonstrate that spin-Hall-assisted STT-MTJ has advantages over conventional STT-MTJ in write speed and energy.
Good Similar Patches for Image Denoising (2019)

Patch-based denoising algorithms like BM3D have achieved outstanding performance. An important idea for the success of these methods is to exploit the recurrence of similar patches in an input image to estimate the underlying image structures. However, in these algorithms, the similar patches used for denoising are obtained via Nearest Neighbour Search (NNS) and are sometimes not optimal. First, due to the existence of noise, NNS can select similar patches with similar noise patterns to the reference patch. Second, the unreliable noisy pixels in digital images can bring a bias to the patch searching process and result in a loss of color fidelity in the final denoising result. We observe that given a set of good similar patches, their distribution is not necessarily centered at the noisy reference patch and can be approximated by a Gaussian component. Based on this observation, we present a patch searching method that clusters similar patch candidates into patch groups using Gaussian Mixture Model-based clustering, and selects the patch group that contains the reference patch as the final patches for denoising. We also use an unreliable pixel estimation algorithm to pre-process the input noisy images to further improve the patch searching. Our experiments show that our approach can better capture the underlying patch structures and can consistently enable the state-of-the-art patch-based denoising algorithms, such as BM3D, LPCA and PLOW, to better denoise images by providing them with patches found by our approach while without modifying these algorithms.
Edge detection in images using clustering algorithms (2005)

Edge detection is an important topic in image processing and a main tool in pattern recognition and image segmentation. Many edge detection techniques are available in the literature. 'A number of recent edge detectors are multiscale and include three main processing steps: smoothing, differentiation and labeling' (Ziau and Tabbone, 1997). This paper, presents a proposed method which is suitable for edge detection in images. This method is based on the use of the clustering algorithms (Self-Organizing Map (SOM), K-Means) and a gray scale edge detector (Canny, Generalized Edge Detector (GED)). It is shown that using the grayscale edge detectors may miss some parts of the edges which can be found using the proposed method.
2-Acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazones. 9. Derivatives of 2-acetylpyridine 1-oxide as potential antimalarial agents (1984)

In view of the antimalarial activity in mice of 2-acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazones, a series of analogous 1-oxides was prepared for evaluation. Their synthesis was achieved by the reaction of 2-acetylpyridine 1-oxide with methyl hydrazinecarbodithioate to give methyl 3-[1-(2-pyridinyl 1-oxide)ethylidene]hydrazinecarbodithioate (II). Reaction of the latter intermediate with secondary amines afforded the desired 2-acetylpyridine 1-oxide thiosemicarbazones (III). Reduction of the azomethine linkage of II with NaBH4 gave methyl 3-[1-(2-pyridinyl 1-oxide)ethyl]-hydrazinecarbodithioate (IV) whose S-methyl group was then displaced by amines to give a 1-[1-(2-pyridinyl 1-oxide)ethyl]thiosemicarbazide, V. Antimalarial activity of III was evaluated against both Plasmodium berghei in the mouse and Plasmodium falciparum in an automated in vitro test system. In both cases, 2-acetylpyridine 1-oxide thiosemicarbazones were found to be less active than the corresponding de-1-oxide analogues. When compounds V were evaluated against Plasmodium berghei in the mouse, a diminution of activity was similarly seen in comparison to the analogues not bearing the 1-oxide moiety.
A Chemically Induced Model for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung in Mice (2004)

Lung cancer, primarily associated with tobacco use, is the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in the United States. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the four major histological types of lung cancer. Although there are several established models for lung adenoma and adenocarcinomas, there is no well-established mouse model for lung SCC. We treated eight different inbred strains of mice with N-nitroso-tris-chloroethylurea by skin painting and found that this regimen induced lung SCCs in five strains of mouse (SWR/J, NIH Swiss, A/J, BALB/cJ, and FVB/J) but not in the others (AKR/J, 129/svJ, and C57BL/6J). Mouse lung SCCs have similar histopathological features and keratin staining to human SCC. Moreover, a wide spectrum of abnormal lung squamous phenotypes including hyperplasia, metaplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma, were observed. There are strain-specific differences in susceptibility to Lscc induction by N-nitroso-tris-chloroethylurea with NIH Swiss, A/J, and SWR/J mice developing scores of SCCs whereas the resistant strains AKR/J, 129/svJ, and C57BL/6J failed to develop any SCCs. FVB/J and BALB/cJ mice had an intermediate response. We conducted whole-genome linkage disequilibrium analysis in seven strains of mice, divided into three phenotype categories of susceptibility, using Fisher's exact test applied to 6,128 markers in publically available databases. Three markers were found significantly associated with susceptibility to SCC with the P < 0.05. They were D1Mit169, D3Mit178, and D18Mit91. Interestingly, none of these sites overlap with the major susceptibility loci associated with lung adenoma/adenocarcinoma development in mice. The mouse SCC described here is highly significant for preclinical studies of lung cancer chemopreventive agents because most human trials have been conducted against precancerous lesions for SCC. Furthermore, this model can be used in determining genetic modifiers that contribute to susceptibility or resistance to lung SCC development.