gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Causal weak-consistency replication (2009)

Replikation kann helfen, in einem verteilten System die Fehlertoleranz und Datensicherheit zu verbessern. In Systemen, die über Weitverkehrsnetze kommunizieren oder mobile Endgeräte einschließen, muß das Replikationssystem mit großen Kommunikationslatenzen umgehen können. Deshalb werden in solchen Systemen in der Regel nur asynchrone Replikationsalgorithmen mit schwach-konsistenter Änderungssemantik eingesetzt, da diese die lokale Annahme von Änderungen der Daten und deren Koordinierung mit anderen Replikaten entkoppeln und somit ein schnelles Antwortverhalten bieten können. Diese Dissertation stellt einen Ansatz für die Entwicklung schwach-konsistenter Replikationssysteme mit erweiterten kausalen Konsistenzgarantien vor und weist nach, daß auf seiner Grundlage effiziente Replikationssysteme konstruiert werden können. Dazu werden Mechanismen, Algorithmen und Protokolle vorgestellt, die Änderungen an replizierten Daten aufzeichnen und verteilen und dabei Kausalitätsbeziehungen erhalten. Kern ist ein Änderungsprotokoll, das sowohl als grundlegende Datenstruktur der verteilten Algorithmen agiert, als auch für die Konsistenz der lokalen Daten nach Systemabstürzen sorgt. Die kausalen Garantien werden mit Hilfe von zwei Algorithmen erweitet, die gleichzeitige Änderungen konsistent handhaben. Beide Algorithmen basieren auf der Beobachtung, daß die Divergenz der Replikate durch unkoordinierte, gleichzeitige Änderungen nicht unbedingt als Inkonsistenz gesehen werden muß, sondern auch als das Erzeugen verschiedener Versionen der Daten modelliert werden kann. Distributed Consistent Branching (DCB) erzeugt diese alternativen Versionen der Daten konsistent auf allen Replikaten; Distributed Consistent Cutting (DCC) wählt eine der Versionen konsistent aus. Die vorgestellten Algorithmen und Protokolle wurden in einer Datenbankimplementierung validiert. Mehrere Experimente zeigen ihre Einsetzbarkeit und helfen, ihr Verhalten unter verschiedenen Bedingungen einzuschätzen.
Heuristic for the line division problem in computer justified text (1982)

equivalent to the task of verifying an inequality proposition regarding the minimax value of a continuousvalued game tree [5] of identical structure, and, consequently, the former cannot be more complex than the latter. Thus, the quantity (~Jl -~n)d should also lower bound the expected number of nodes examined by any algorithm searching a continuous-valued game tree. This, together with Eq. (
Potential antimalarials. 8. 10-Substituted 9-phenanthrenemethanols (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotential antimalarials. 8. 10-Substituted 9-phenanthrenemethanolsLee C. Washburn and D. E. PearsonCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1974, 17, 7, 676–682Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00253a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00253a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views242Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
iFoldRNA v2: folding RNA with constraints (2015)

dokh@unc.eu.
Structural studies of magnesium halide-potassium halide melts by Raman spectroscopy (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural studies of magnesium halide-potassium halide melts by Raman spectroscopyVictor A. Maroni, Ellen J. Hathaway, and Elton J. CairnsCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1971, 75, 1, 155–159Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100671a025https://doi.org/10.1021/j100671a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Soluble Oligomers of the Intramembrane Serine Protease YqgP Are Catalytically Active in the Absence of Detergents (2008)

Rhomboid, a polytopic membrane serine protease, represents a unique class of proteases that cleave substrates within the transmembrane domain. Elucidating the mechanism of this extraordinary catalysis comes with inherent challenges related to membrane-associated peptide hydrolysis. Here we established a system that allows expression and isolation of YqgP, a rhomboid homologue from Bacillus subtilis, as a soluble protein. Intriguingly, soluble YqgP is able to specifically cleave a peptide substrate that contains the transmembrane domain of Spitz. Mutation of the catalytic dyad abolished protease activity, and substitution of another highly conserved residue, Asn241, with Ala or Asp significantly reduced the catalytic efficiency of YqgP. We have identified the cleavage site that resides in the middle of the transmembrane domain of Spitz. Replacement of two residues that contribute to the scissile bond by Ala did not eliminate cleavage, but rather led to additional or alternative cleavages. Moreover, we have demonstrated that soluble YqgP exists as oligomers that are required for catalytic activity. These results suggest that soluble oligomers of maltose binding protein-YqgP complexes form micellelike structures that are able to retain the active conformation of the protease for catalysis. Therefore, this work not only provides a unique system for elucidating the reaction mechanism of rhomboid but also will facilitate the characterization of other intramembrane proteases as well as non-protease membrane proteins.
Performance of fast time delay estimators (1989)

The performances of fast time delay estimators, the hybrid-sign, and the polarity coincidence have been evaluated for general signal and noise spectra and compared to the classical direct technique. Some physical spectra have been analyzed in particular for the white noise case: polarity coincidence time delay estimation has been verified to exceed hybrid sign time delay estimation for large SNR and for high-resolution processing. Simulation results confirm the theoretical analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Über den nucleophilen Abbau von Aryltrisulfanen mit Triphenylphosphin (1968)

An Hand des nucleophilen Abbaues p-substituierter, symmetrischer Aryltrisulfane mit Triphenylphosphin zu den entsprechenden Disulfan-Derivaten und Triphenylphosphinsulfid konnte gezeigt werden, daß Elektronendonatoren als endständige Gruppen die Stabilität einer Schwefelkette gegenüber nucleophilen Agenzien erhöhen, während Elektronenacceptoren die Schwefelkette aktivieren.
Interpersonal Relationship Needs of Virtual Behavior: From Virtual Communities to Virtual Worlds (2009)

This paper aimed at exploring motivations for participation in virtual community and virtual world. An interpersonal relationship perspective was introduced as a framework to explore this participation behavior using an interpersonal relationship modelâthe Fundamental Interpersonal Relationship Orientation (FIRO) model (Will C. Schutz, 1958; William Carl Schutz, 1966). Specifically, the paper attempted to demonstrate that membersâ virtual behavior was a response of them to fulfill their interpersonal relationship needs. Two types of their virtual involvement behavior -- Behavior to Obtain Information (BOI) and Behavior to Give Information (BGI) â were investigated in our research. Data used in our analysis was collected from a virtual communityâMicrosoft Chinese Community and a virtual worldâCyworld. Our ANOVA results suggested that interpersonal relationship model was an applicable construct to explain virtual behavior.
A 1.5 V-supply 200 MHz pipelined multiplier using multiple-valued current-mode MOS differential logic circuits (2002)

This paper presents the design of a multiple-valued current-mode (MVCM) logic circuit with a low supply voltage for high-speed arithmetic systems at low power dissipation. A multiple-valued differential logic circuit (DLC) is used as a basic component to make a signal-voltage swing small yet driving capability large. The use of DLC enables high-speed operations with reduced device and interconnection counts at low power dissipation.
Tissue attachment strength and adhesion formation of intraabdominal fixed meshes with cyanoacrylat glues. (2008)

In this rabbit model, intraabdominal fixation of PP composite meshes with cyanoacrylat glue was equivalent to ePTFE mesh fixation with spiral tacks concerning tensile strength analysis. Adhesions between mesh and abdominal wall were found more frequently after PP fixation. In contrast, mesh shrinkage was more evident after ePTFE mesh implantation.
Oxygen and the Metabolism of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius VPI4330-1 (1978)

Peptostreptococcus anaerobius VPI4330-1 is an anaerobic organism which has no superoxide dismutase, catalase or peroxidase. It can be protected from the toxic effects of oxygen by catalase in the culture medium. In order to elucidate its mechanisms of oxygen tolerance, the effect of oxygen on the metabolic activity of the organism was studied. In salt solution supplemented with glucose or pyruvate the organism had a more rapid metabolic rate under aerobic conditions than under anaerobic conditions. There were also significant differences in metabolic end-products obtained under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The crude cell-free extract had NADH oxidase activity, which reduced oxygen to water, and NADPH oxidase activity, which reduced oxygen to superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide. The former specific activity was much higher than the latter. The results indicate that the main product of intracellular oxygen reactions was water. Deleterious products such as superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide were only formed to a limited extent. NADH oxidase may fulfil an important protective role in this organism.
Contrast‐enhanced MR angiography using time resolved interleaved projection sampling with three‐dimensional cartesian phase and slice encoding (TRIPPS) (2009)

Undersampled projection reconstruction (PR) techniques provide contrast enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) with high temporal resolution, but sensitivity to eddy current, gradient error and off-resonance effects. It is desirable to combine the time efficiency of undersampled PR acquisition with the robustness of Cartesian imaging. In this work we present a technique designed to do this termed time resolved projection sampling with three-dimensional (3D) Cartesian phase and slice encoding (TRIPPS), where 3D Cartesian k-space is partitioned into multiple half projections in the ky-kz plane. The phase and slice encoding are performed along predefined center-out radial trajectories. The whole set of half projections is interleaved into multiple groups of half projections, with each group sparsely but uniformly covering the ky-kz space. A view sharing sliding window reconstruction algorithm is adapted to reconstruct the dynamic images. The feasibility of the TRIPPS technique for CE-MRA was demonstrated on the renal, pulmonary, and intracranial vasculatures of healthy volunteers with a high temporal resolution of 2 s/frame.
Effects of GLIADEL® wafer initial molecular weight on the erosion of wafer and release of BCNU (1996)

The GLIADEL® wafer is a polyanhydride implant used in the treatment of malignant glioma, in which the anticancer agent carmustine (BCNU) is incorporated into a copolymer matrix consisting of 1,3-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy)propane (CPP) and sebacic acid (SA) in a 20 to 80 molar ratio (p(CPP:SA, 20:80)). It is crucial to determine the relationship between the wafer's initial molecular weight and the erosion rate of polymer matrix and the subsequent release rate of drug substance BCNU. This study focuses on the effect of the initial molecular weight of GLIADEL® on polymer erosion and BCNU release from the polymer matrix. Wafer erosion in vitro was characterized by weight loss, molecular weight change and the appearance of water soluble CPP and SA in the incubation medium at 37°C. Wafer erosion and BCNU release were also investigated in the brains of normal rats. It was found that both the in vitro and in vivo erosion of wafer is independent of its initial molecular weight, which in this study ranged from 20 000–110 000 Da. The average molecular weight of the wafer was reduced to less than 10 000 Da after 10 h of incubation in phosphate buffered saline (37°C, pH 7.4) or after implantation in the brains of normal rats, despite the differences in initial wafer molecular weight. Furthermore, the release of carmustine (BCNU) from GLIADEL® is a combination of the diffusion of drug substance and the erosion of polymer matrix. The release rate of BCNU is also independent of initial wafer molecular weight.
Electrophoretic deposition of transparent MoS2–graphene nanosheet composite films as counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (2012)

A transparent MoS(2)-graphene nanosheet (GNS) nanocomposite counter electrode (CE) was incorporated into a Pt-free dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC). The DSC assembled with the transparent MoS(2)-GNS CE therefore exhibited an impressive photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 5.81%, up to 93% of that obtained using the conventional Pt CE (6.24%).
A Paclitaxel-Hyaluronan Bioconjugate Targeting Ovarian Cancer Affords a Potent <i>In vivo</i> Therapeutic Activity (2008)

ONCOFID-P significantly improved results obtained with conventional paclitaxel, in terms of in vivo tolerability and therapeutic efficacy; these data strongly support its development for locoregional treatment of ovarian cancer.
[Cu(CO)<i><sub>n</sub></i>]<sup>+</sup> Complex Ions in the Solid State (<i>n</i> = 1, 2, 3) (1996)

Exposing crystalline CuAsF6 to < 1 atm CO produces the homoleptic copper carbonyl cations [Cu(CO)]+, [Cu(CO)2]+, and [Cu(CO)3]+. These complexes were characterized by IR and Raman spectroscopy and by tensimetric titrations. The IR and Raman data are consistent with a two-coordinate, linear structure for the [Cu(CO)2]+ cation and with a three-coordinate, trigonal-planar structure for the [Cu(CO)3]+ ion. The compounds [Cu(CO)2][AsF6] and [Cu(CO)3][AsF6] represent the first examples of isolable polycarbonyls of Cu(I).
The Determination of Curd Tension by the Use of Hydrochloric Acid-Pepsin Coagulant (1935)

Summary 1.Excess calcium chloride as is present in the coagulant suggested by Hill which contains calcium chloride and pepsin retards coagulation and hence produces a subnormal curd tension. 2.Evidence indicates that a coagulant of 0.45 gram of pepsin per 100 cc. of 0.4 per cent hydrochloric acid produces a truer picture of the curd character simulating the gastric conditions than one which contains calcium chloride. 3.Boiling for one minute softens the curd of all milks, but not to the same degree of softness. The curd tension of the calcium chloride coagulant of boiled Jersey milk revealed only a slight softening, but did show a marked drop by the acid coagulant. 4.The effects of the various treatments of the milks in terms of percentage increase or decrease of the curd tensions were almost alike for the three kinds of raw whole milks when tested by the acid coagulant. 5.On the other hand, the calcium chloride coagulant on the same milks produced effects of a more divergent percentage increase or decrease in curd tension readings.
A modified cross coupled rectifier based charge pump for energy harvesting using RF to DC conversion (2013)

This paper presents a CMOS based RF-to-DC converter using a proposed cross-coupled charge pump for energy harvesting. Extraction of high DC voltages from rectifier block in the charge pumps is always a serious bottleneck for RF energy scavenging. One of the dominant obstacles is the threshold voltage (Vth) of the MOS transistor. In this work we are proposing a simple mechanism to eliminate the Vth dependence in MOS transistor, which inherently improves the DC extraction ability of charge pump. The proposed system is implemented in 180nm CMOS technology and simulated using Cadence Spectre. The extracted DC voltage from RF energy is selected as Figure of Merit. It is found using simulation that the modified charge pump shows a high efficiency in DC extraction from RF signal than the conventional cross coupled rectifier based charge pump.
Next hop storage and retrieval for coded and scalar IP prefix trees (2011)

Currently, the large size of IP routing tables, the increasing rate of communication links and the unavoidable need for moving from IPv4 to IPv6, have caused researchers to introduce fast and memory efficient route lookup methods which are less dependent on IP address length. In this paper, we will review our two novel data structures called “Coded Prefix Trees” and “Scalar Prefix Trees” with lookup and update node access complexities of O(log n) where n is the number of prefixes. After reviewing these structures, the focus of the paper will be on the schemes required for storing and retrieving the “next hop” related to the Longest Matching Prefix (LMP) of an input query address.
Novel Nonvolatile Memory with Multibit Storage Based on a ZnO Nanowire Transistor (2010)

We demonstrate a room temperature processed ferroelectric (FE) nonvolatile memory based on a ZnO nanowire (NW) FET where the NW channel is coated with FE nanoparticles. A single device exhibits excellent memory characteristics with the large modulation in channel conductance between ON and OFF states exceeding 10(4), a long retention time of over 4 × 10(4) s, and multibit memory storage ability. Our findings provide a viable way to create new functional high-density nonvolatile memory devices compatible with simple processing techniques at low temperature for flexible devices made on plastic substrates.
All-Versus-Nothing Violation of Local Realism by Two-Photon, Four-Dimensional Entanglement (2005)

We develop and exploit a source of two-photon, four-dimensional entanglement to report the first two-particle all-versus-nothing test of local realism with a linear optics setup, but without resorting to a noncontextuality assumption. Our experimental results are in good agreement with quantum mechanics while in extreme contradiction to local realism. Potential applications of our experiment are briefly discussed.
Liposome Entrapped Desferrioxamine and Iron Transporting Ionophores: a New Approach to Iron Chelation Therapy (1979)

Liposome-entrapped desferrioxamine was administered to iron-over-loaded 59Fe lavelled mice. When given orally or intraperitoneally entrapment did not enhance the effect of the chelator, but given intravenously liposomal desferrioxamine doubled the 59Fe excretion for a given dose of the drug, and excretion after a single dose continued for up to 3 d. In addition, liposomes containing ionophore A23187 administered concurrently with DTPA caused an excretion of 59Fe, whereas DTPA alone had no effect.
Comparison of the effects of genistein and amsacrine on leukemia cell proliferation. (1994)

Genistein is an inhibitor of the enzymes protein tyrosine kinase and topoisomerase-II. It induces G2-phase arrest in human Jurkat and murine P388 leukemia cells at concentrations at which it is also cytotoxic. The effects of genistein have been investigated on Jurkat and P388 leukemia sublines that manifest multidrug resistance. Cells that possess altered topoisomerase-II activity ("atypical" multidrug resistance) are resistant to both the G2 phase-arresting and cytotoxic effects of genistein. The ability of genistein to impede progression through the cell cycle and kill cells is similar to that of amsacrine, a classical topoisomerase-II poison. This result identifies topoisomerase-II rather than tyrosine kinase activity as the target of genistein-mediated cytotoxicity and G2-phase arrest.
Reviews (1991)

Journal Article Reviews Get access Susan Gross Soloman and John F. Hutchinson (eds.), Health and Society in Revolutionary Russia, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990. Pp. xiv + 256. $27.50. ISBN 0-253-35332-7. CHRISTOPHER WILLIAMS CHRISTOPHER WILLIAMS University CollegeCork Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social History of Medicine, Volume 4, Issue 2, August 1991, Pages 348–349, https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/4.2.348 Published: 01 August 1991
Horkheimer, Max (2004)

Als »Geburt der Kritischen Theorie aus dem nonkonformistischen Geist Schopenhauers« charakterisierte Alfred Schmidt, ein Schüler H.s, einmal frühe Texte seines Lehrers. Daß H. als Begründer und gewissermaßen Schulhaupt der neomarxistischen Kritischen Theorie oder Frankfurter Schule in seinem letzten Lebensabschnitt wieder entschieden zu Schopenhauer zurückfand, mag ein erster Hinweis sein auf das einheitliche geistige Spannungsfeld, in dem sich H.s vielschichtige Entwicklung vollzog. Sein konsequentes, lebenslanges Eintreten für eine bessere Gesellschaft, seine sensible und theoretisch geschulte Erfahrungsfähigkeit sowie sein unbeirrbarer Wille zur Wahrheit haben ihn vor Resignation und Anpassung ebenso geschützt wie vor dogmatischer Verhärtung.
Convergence and stability in numerical relativity (2002)

It is often the case in numerical relativity that schemes that are known to be convergent for well posed systems are used in evolutions of weakly hyperbolic formulations of Einstein's equations. Here we explicitly show that with several of the discretizations that have been used throughout the years, this procedure leads to nonconvergent schemes. That is, arbitrarily small initial errors are amplified without bound when resolution is increased, independently of the amount of numerical dissipation introduced. The lack of convergence introduced by this instability can be particularly subtle, in the sense that it can be missed by several convergence tests, especially in $(3+1)$-dimensional codes. We propose tests and methods to analyze convergence that may help detect these situations.
Progestins and breast cancer: An epidemiologic review (1992)

To date, there is no consistent evidence of an association between progestins and breast cancer. There is need for further study, particularly of patients in potentially high-risk groups, including those with (1) extended hormone exposure before age 25 and/or first full term pregnancy and (2) exposure in the postmenopausal period.