gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultra-Wideband Wireless Systems (2003)

The recent FCC frequency allocation for UWB has generated a lot of interest in UWB technologies. There is 7,500 MHz of spectrum for unlicensed use. The main limitations are provided by the low-power spectral density and by the fact that the transmit signal must occupy at least 500 MHz at whole times. IEEE 802.15.3a is being developed for high-bit-rate PAN applications, and UWB is the most promising technology to support the stringent requirements: 110, 200, and 480 Mb/s. Two UWB multiband systems, frequency hopping and Spectral Keying, have been described in this article. Both systems meet the stringent requirements provided by IEEE 802.15.
Hidden Markov model approach for identifying the modular framework of the protein backbone (1999)

The hidden Markov model (HMM) was used to identify recurrent short 3D structural building blocks (SBBs) describing protein backbones, independently of any a priori knowledge. Polypeptide chains are decomposed into a series of short segments defined by their inter-alpha-carbon distances. Basically, the model takes into account the sequentiality of the observed segments and assumes that each one corresponds to one of several possible SBBs. Fitting the model to a database of non-redundant proteins allowed us to decode proteins in terms of 12 distinct SBBs with different roles in protein structure. Some SBBs correspond to classical regular secondary structures. Others correspond to a significant subdivision of their bounding regions previously considered to be a single pattern. The major contribution of the HMM is that this model implicitly takes into account the sequential connections between SBBs and thus describes the most probable pathways by which the blocks are connected to form the framework of the protein structures. Validation of the SBBs code was performed by extracting SBB series repeated in recoding proteins and examining their structural similarities. Preliminary results on the sequence specificity of SBBs suggest promising perspectives for the prediction of SBBs or series of SBBs from the protein sequences.
The Fluorosulfuric Acid Solvent System. I. Electrical Conductivities, Transport Numbers, and Densities (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Fluorosulfuric Acid Solvent System. I. Electrical Conductivities, Transport Numbers, and DensitiesJ. Barr, R. J. Gillespie, and R. C. ThompsonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1964, 3, 8, 1149–1156Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50018a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50018a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views180Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Non-planar CMUT Array for Automotive Blind Spot Detection (2009)

A discretized hyperbolic paraboloid geometry capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) array has been designed and fabricated for automotive blind spot monitoring application. The array is designed for a frequency range of 113-167 kHz, beamwidth of 20▒50 with a maximum sidelobe intensity of -6dB. An SOI based fabrication technology has been used for the 5x5 array with 5 sensing surfaces along each x and yaxis and 7 elevation levels. An assembly and packaging technique has been developed to realize the non-planar geometry in a PGA-68 package. Two new analytical models has been developed to more accurately calculate the deflection profile of a thin square membrane and capacitance change due to both external mechanical pressure and the electrostatic pressure due to the bias voltage. The developed models incorporate the effects of bias voltage, external pressure, fringing field capacitance and large deflections. Both the models exhibit excellent accuracy when compared with IntelliSuite FEA results.
Mycobacteriophages: Genes and Genomes (2010)

Viruses are powerful tools for investigating and manipulating their hosts, but the enormous size and amazing genetic diversity of the bacteriophage population have emerged as something of a surprise. In light of the evident importance of mycobacteria to human health--especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes tuberculosis--and the difficulties that have plagued their genetic manipulation, mycobacteriophages are especially appealing subjects for discovery, genomic characterization, and manipulation. With more than 70 complete genome sequences available, the mycobacteriophages have provided a wealth of information on the diversity of phages that infect a common bacterial host, revealed the pervasively mosaic nature of phage genome architectures, and identified a huge number of genes of unknown function. Mycobacteriophages have provided key tools for tuberculosis genetics, and new methods for simple construction of mycobacteriophage recombinants will facilitate postgenomic explorations into mycobacteriophage biology.
Critical Review of 160 Clomiphenerelated Pregnancies (1968)

GOLDFARB, ALVIN F. M.D., F.A.C.O.G.; MORALES, ANTONIO M.D.; RAKOFF, ABRAHAM E. M.D.; PROTOS, PETER M.D. Author Information
Enhanced Clustering Algorithm for Processing Online Data (2013)

Clustering of data has been of intense need for any organization in the past and various researchers in the field of data mining have been continuously working to find efficient and accurate tools and algorithms for the same. From the proliferation of internet and network applications is pressing the same need more deeply and it is becoming more and more necessary for providing such algorithms by the researchers of data mining. Researchers have been working continuously and finding incremental clustering mechanism to be best suitable for online data. Clustering of very large document databases is useful for both searching and browsing. The Periodic updating of clusters is required due to the dynamic nature of databases. For this purpose incremental clustering is a profitable approach. Incremental clustering algorithm clusters data in dynamic form. It requires initial clusters to be decided in advance i.e. they must be pre exist and fixed. This work proposed a dynamic and novice approach of incremental clustering algorithm for creating efficient clusters and rearrangement of the clusters on the basis of characteristics of the data. Also an approach of retrieval and searching of some specific data from the fixed clusters using a new frequency check method will be compared with the proposed work.
CT Screening for Lung Cancer:Prevalence and Incidence of Mediastinal Masses (2006)

Mediastinal masses found in the context of CT screening for lung cancer in asymptomatic people should be approached in a "conservative" manner; this includes thymic masses smaller than 3 cm in diameter, as most of these remain unchanged or even decrease in size.
Reaktion von methylenaktiven Nitrilen und Cyanamid mit acylierten Enaminen (1982)

Reaction of Methylene Active Nitriles and Cyanamide with Acylated Enamines The addition products from enamines onto isocyanates and isothiocyanates, i.e. substituted β‐aminoacrylo amides 1 and thioamides 2 , react with malononitrile to yield the 6‐amino‐1‐aryl‐5‐cyano‐pyridin‐2‐ones 3 and ‐thiones 4 among them 5,6,7,8‐tetrahydroisoquinolin‐1‐ones and ‐thiones. From ethyl cyanoacetate the 5‐cyano‐6‐hydroxy‐pyridin‐2‐ones 7 and from benzoyl acetonitrile the 6‐phenyl‐pyridin‐2‐ones 8 are formed. The replacement of malononitrile by cyanamide yields the 2‐amino‐3‐aryl‐pyrimidin‐4‐ones 5 and ‐thiones 6 among them 5,6,7,8‐tetrahydroquinazolin‐4‐ones and ‐thiones. The not isolated β‐acyl enamines derived from enamines and acid chlorides react with malononitrile or cyanamide to form the pyridin‐2‐ones 14 or pyrimidin‐2‐ones 15 caused by Dimroth‐rearrangement.
Considerations for the Design of Antibody-Based Therapeutics (2019)

Antibody-based proteins have become an important class of biologic therapeutics, due in large part to the stability, specificity, and adaptability of the antibody framework. Indeed, antibodies not only have the inherent ability to bind both antigens and endogenous immune receptors but also have proven extremely amenable to protein engineering. Thus, several derivatives of the monoclonal antibody format, including bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and antibody fragments, have demonstrated efficacy for treating human disease, particularly in the fields of immunology and oncology. Reviewed here are considerations for the design of antibody-based therapeutics, including immunological context, therapeutic mechanisms, and engineering strategies. First, characteristics of antibodies are introduced, with emphasis on structural domains, functionally important receptors, isotypic and allotypic differences, and modifications such as glycosylation. Then, aspects of therapeutic antibody design are discussed, including identification of antigen-specific variable regions, choice of expression system, use of multispecific formats, and design of antibody derivatives based on fragmentation, oligomerization, or conjugation to other functional moieties. Finally, strategies to enhance antibody function through protein engineering are reviewed while highlighting the impact of fundamental biophysical properties on protein developability.
Transactional memory analysis using CSB+ trees (2016)

Enterprise applications using in-memory databases prefer to run on scale up systems where the amount of memory and CPUs available are increasing with each generation. In addition to the cores/socket, the number of hardware threads per core has also increased.
Defective glycine cleavage system in nonketotic hyperglycinemia. Occurrence of a less active glycine decarboxylase and an abnormal aminomethyl carrier protein. (1981)

The activities of then glycine cleavage system in the liver and brain of patient with nonketotic hyperglycinemia was extremely low as compared with those of control human liver and brain. The activities of glycine decarboxylase (P-protein) and the aminomethyl carrier protein (H-protein), two of the four protein components of the glycine cleavage system, were considerably reduced in both the liver and brain; the extent of reduction was greater in the H-protein. The activity of the T-protein was normal. Purified H-protein from the patient did not react with lipoamide dehydrogenase, and titration of thiol groups with [2,3-14C]N-ethylmaleimide suggested that this H-protein is devoid of lipoic acid. This structural abnormality in the H-protein is considered to constitute the primary molecular lesion in this patient with non-ketotic hyperglycinemia. Immunochemical studies using an antibody specific for P-protein showed that the patient was due to reduction of the catalytic activity of the protein rather than a decrease in the actual amount of the P-protein. Partial inactivation of P-protein could result secondarily from impaired metabolism of glycine resulting from deficiency in the activity of H-protein. However, the H-protein from the patient could stimulate the P-protein catalyzed exchange of the carboxyl carbon of glycine with 14CO2, although the specific activity of the purified H-protein from the patient was only 4% of that of control human H-protein. The content of H-protein in the liver of the patient was approximately 35% of that of control human liver.
Multi-Stage Reduced-Rank Adaptive Filter With Flexible Structure (2002)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Toulouse, France, 2002
Carbon Surface Layers on a High-Rate LiFePO[sub 4] (2006)

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to image particles of a high-rate sample containing a small amount of in situ carbon. The particle morphology is highly irregular, with a wide size distribution. Nevertheless, coatings, varying from about 5 to in thickness, could readily be detected on surfaces of particles as well as on edges of agglomerates. Elemental mapping using energy-filtered TEM indicates that these very thin surface layers are composed of carbon. These observations have important implications for the design of high-rate materials in which, ideally, a minimal amount of carbon coating is used.
Spray Performance of Microfluidic Glass Devices with Integrated Pulled Nanoelectrospray Emitters (2009)

The performance of microfluidic glass devices with a monolithically integrated nanospray tip have been evaluated. The nanospray tip is generated directly on the edge of a microfluidic glass chip by a pulling step followed by HF-etching for directed formation of a sharp tip with defined emitter area. For a fair judgment of the MS-detection sensitivity, we compared the detection performance with commercial nanospray needles. For that purpose the effect of the emitter opening on the sensitivity was studied in detail for different microfluidic chips as well as for commercial nanospray needles. A comparison of the chip-nanospray device with commercial nanospray needles revealed that a comparable spray performance is obtained at similar emitter diameters. A stable electrospray could be generated at such tapered tips without any need for hydrodynamic or electroosmotic pumping. The nanospray chips were successfully applied for coupling microchip electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. For improved performance, the separation channel of the microdevice was flushed with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) in order to reduce analyte-wall interactions and electroosmotic flow.
Sequence‐specific gene silencing in murine muscle induced by electroporation‐mediated transfer of short interfering RNA (2003)

Abstract Background Post‐genomic biomedical research requires efficient techniques for functional analyses of poorly characterized genes in living organisms. Sequence‐specific gene silencing in mammalian organs may provide valuable information on the physiological and pathological roles of predicted genes in mammalian systems. Here, we attempted targeted gene knockdown in vivo in murine skeletal muscle through the electroporation‐mediated transfer of short interfering RNA (siRNA). Methods siRNA duplexes corresponding to the firefly luciferase (Luc), green fluorescent protein (GFP), or glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPD) genes were delivered by electroporation into the tibial muscle of normal or enhanced GFP (EGFP) transgenic mice. Plasmid vectors carrying the Luc, hRluc or β‐galactosidase (β‐gal) reporter genes were also delivered. The Luc and hRluc activities in the muscle lysates were assayed. The EGFP and GAPD expression was detected by fluorescence microscopic observation and RT‐PCR, respectively. Results When Luc‐specific siRNA was co‐delivered with the Luc expression vector into the tibial muscle, the reporter gene expression was markedly suppressed (less than 1% of the control level) for 5 days. As little as 0.05 µg of siRNA almost completely blocked the reporter gene expression from 10 µg of the plasmid. To examine whether siRNA can also suppress expression of an endogenous gene, transgenic mice carrying the EGFP gene received intramuscular transfection of a mixture of β‐gal plasmid and GFP‐specific siRNA. β‐Gal‐positive cells failed to express detectable levels of EGFP, while EGFP expression was not inhibited in control mice that received nonspecific siRNA. Expression of GAPD was also suppressed by the specific siRNA. Conclusions The present system may provide a useful means of phenotypic analysis of genetic information in mammalian organs for basic research as well as therapeutic molecular targeting in the post‐genomic era. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Run-to-Run Critical Dimension and Sidewall Angle Lithography Control Using the PROLITH Simulator (2004)

We derive and investigate three different run-to-run (R2R) feedback controllers for the purpose of trying to minimize the detrimental effects of lithography process disturbances on critical resist profiles. Our controllers manipulate the dose and focus inputs and include Kalman filtering schemes that estimate the disturbances. The first controller adjusts the critical dimension (CD) and sidewall angle (SWA) of the resist profile. The second controller compensates for the print bias between isolated and dense lines. The third controller finds the best tradeoff between CD, SWA, and print bias. We tested the performance of the controllers using the lithography simulator PROLITH (v.7.0). The results showed a reduction of the effect of the disturbances on the CD, SWA, and print bias. Moreover, the results quantify the benefit of using focus, in addition to dose, as a control input for the purpose of controlling the resist profile.
Expression of immune checkpoint molecules in endometrial carcinoma (2015)

The main obstacle in the development of an effective tumor vaccine is the inherent ability of tumors to evade immune responses. Tumors often use common immune mechanisms and regulators to evade the immune system. The present study aimed to analyze the expression levels of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), programmed death-ligand (PD-L) 1, PD-L2, B7-H4, galectin-1 and galectin-3 in tissue samples from patients with endometrial carcinoma, in order to detect the immunosuppressive environment of endometrial carcinomas. The levels of IDO, PD-L1, PD-L2 and B7-H4 were analyzed by immunohistochemical methods, and the levels of galectin-1 and galectin-3 in tumor lysates were determined using ELISA. PD-L2 was expressed at low levels in the majority of tumor samples. IDO expression was detected in 38, 63 and 43% of primary endometrial carcinoma, recurrent endometrial carcinoma, and metastatic endometrial carcinoma specimens, respectively. Positive expression rates for PD-L1 were 83% in primary endometrial carcinoma, 68% in recurrent endometrial carcinoma, and 100% in metastatic endometrial carcinoma, whereas B7-H4 expression was detected in 100% of both primary endometrial carcinoma and recurrent endometrial carcinoma samples, and in 96% of metastatic endometrial carcinoma specimens. The expression levels of galectin-1 and galectin-3 were not significantly different between the normal and tumor specimens. The results of the present study suggest that the interaction between PD-1/PD-L1 and B7-H4 may be a potential target for immune intervention in the treatment of endometrial carcinoma. Furthermore, the results may provide the basis for immunosuppressant therapy in the treatment of patients with uterine cancer.
Low-power CMOS wireless MEMS motion sensor for physiological activity monitoring (2005)

In this paper, a short distance wireless sensor node "AccuMicroMotion" for physiological activity monitoring is proposed for detecting motions in six degrees of freedom. System architecture, relevant microstructures, and electronic circuits to implement the sensor node are presented. A three-axis microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometer and a z-axis gyroscope are designed and fabricated using a new deep-reactive ion-etch CMOS-MEMS process. The interface circuits, an analog-to-digital converter, and a wireless transmitter are designed using Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS process, wherein the interface circuits adopt chopper stabilization technique and can resolve a signal (dc to 1 kHz) as low as 200 nV from the microsensors; digitized outputs from the microsensors are transmitted by a 900-MHz amplitude-shift-keying radio-frequency transmitter that delivers a 2.2-mW power to a 50-/spl Omega/ antenna. The system draws an average current of 4.8 mA from a 3-V supply when six sensors are in operation simultaneously and provides an overall 60-dB dynamic range.
Recognition of Person Relation Indicated by Predicates (2015)

This paper focuses on recognizing person relations indicated by predicates from large scale of free texts. In order to determine whether a sentence contains a potential relation between persons, we cast this problem to a classification task. Dynamic Convolution Neural Network (DCNN) is improved for this task. It uses frame convolution for making uses of more features efficiently. Experimental results on Chinese person relation recognition show that the proposed model is superior when compared to the original DCNN and several strong baseline models. We also explore employing large scale unlabeled data to achieve further improvements.
IL-21 in the bone marrow microenvironment contributes to IgM secretion and proliferation of malignant cells in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (2012)

Cytokines within the tumor microenvironment play an important role in supporting the growth and survival of B-cell malignancies. One such cytokine, IL-21, promotes the growth of myeloma and Hodgkin lymphoma cells while inducing apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. However, the biologic significance of IL-21 has not been examined in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM), a B-cell lymphoma characterized by elevated serum IgM and a lymphoplasmacytic bone marrow infiltrate. We report here on the presence of IL-21 in the bone marrow of patients with WM and have identified activated T cells as the source of this cytokine. We readily detected the IL-21 receptor on malignant WM B cells and show that IL-21 significantly increases both IgM secretion and cellular proliferation of these cells with no effect on viability. IL-21 rapidly induces phosphorylation of STAT3 in WM cells, and treatment of the WM cell line MWCL-1 with a STAT3 inhibitor abolished the IL-21-mediated increases in cellular proliferation and IgM secretion. IL-21 also increased the expression of known STAT3 targets involved in B-cell differentiation, including BLIMP-1, XBP-1, IL-6, and IL-10. Overall, our data indicate that IL-21 in the bone marrow microenvironment significantly affects the biology of WM tumor cells through a STAT3-dependent mechanism.
SDN‐based 5G mobile networks: architecture, functions, procedures and backward compatibility (2014)

ABSTRACT In this paper, we describe an SDN‐based plastic architecture for 5G networks, designed to fulfill functional and performance requirements of new generation services and devices. The 5G logical architecture is presented in detail, and key procedures for dynamic control plane instantiation, device attachment, and service request and mobility management are specified. Key feature of the proposed architecture is flexibility , needed to support efficiently a heterogeneous set of services, including Machine Type Communication, Vehicle to X and Internet of Things traffic. These applications are imposing challenging targets, in terms of end‐to‐end latency, dependability, reliability and scalability. Additionally, backward compatibility with legacy systems is guaranteed by the proposed solution, and Control Plane and Data Plane are fully decoupled . The three levels of unified signaling unify Access, Non‐access and Management strata, and a clean‐slate forwarding layer , designed according to the software defined networking principle, replaces tunneling protocols for carrier grade mobility. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In a walled garden (1981)

And he grew her like a bright red flower in his mind, nurtured her with everything he saw...