gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overview (1981)

It is very evident that however much we learn about the properties of muscle receptors, the possibilities for their employment in movement control must depend on the nature and strength of their central connections. This session was dedicated to the reflexes of muscle afferents, not from the point of view of details of synaptic arrangements, but rather trying to assess their effectiveness in various real tasks and how they may be adapted to changing needs.
[Respiratory system of Pichia guilliermondii yeasts with different levels of flavinogenesis]. (1979)

The yeast Pichia guilliermondii was grown on media with different content of iron and its respiration system was studied. When the yeast was cultivated on a complete medium, its respiratory chain operated at the maximum rate in the exponential growth phase, i. e. all the three points of phosphorylation were involved; cytochrome oxidase was the only terminal oxidase. When the growth was decelerated and at the stationary phase, the alternative autooxidable cyanide-resistant pathway inhibited with salicyl hydroxamate partly functioned. Iron deficiency in the medium resulted in a two-three-fold decrease in the content of total and non-hemin iron in the cells, changes in the character and rate of growth, a decrease in the biomass yield, a high rate of flavinogenesis, a slight decrease in the respiration activity, though no drastic changes in the respiration system occurred. This system is represented, as in the case of cells grown on a complete medium, by a typical cytochrome system and an alternative autooxidable pathway. The absence of principal differences in the respiration systems of normal and iron-deficient cells, as well as the operation of the first point of coupling in flavinogenic cells, makes it doubtful that Fenh-proteins of the first segment of the respiratory chain are involved in the regulation of flavinogenesis.
Coronary Stent Thrombosis Related to Aspirin Resistance: What are the Underlying Mechanisms? (2006)

Acute coronary stent thrombosis represents a serious complication for which aspirin resistance could be a potential cause. The actual case is a myocardial infarction treated with immediate stenting of the right coronary artery followed by elective stenting of the left anterior descending artery 4 days later. Despite standard antiplatelet therapy, stents in both arteries occluded 2 days after the last procedure. The patient's blood samples were analyzed and revealed the presence of aspirin resistance as well as elevated thromboxane B(2) plasma levels. No thrombophilic disorder was detected. Today the mechanism of aspirin resistance is mostly unknown. Further research as well as recommendations for laboratory screening and for alternative pharmacological treatment options are required.
A National Study of Gerontology in Theological Education (1989)

Summary A brief questionnaire was mailed to the accredited seminaries in the United States. The purpose was to find out what theological schools were doing in gerontological education. The response was excellent and there was evidence of increasing involvement in this area. Yet, seminary leaders felt that more should be done to keep abreast of our aging society and congregations.
Context-Aware Middle w are for Mobile Phone Based on Operational Logs (2008)

This paper presents a user support system of a mobile phone with context-aware technologies. We propose a user support system using an application-dependent operation log which is separately designed for each application and we focus on some functions which are important but infrequently-used (or hard-to-find) to increase usability of mobile phones.
Diffusion measurements by electrospray mass spectrometry for studying solution-phase noncovalent interactions (2003)

This study describes a novel approach for monitoring noncovalent interactions in solution by electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The technique is based on measurements of analyte diffusion in solution. Diffusion coefficients of a target macromolecule and a potential low molecular weight binding partner are determined by measuring the spread of an initially sharp boundary between two solutions of different concentration in a laminar flow tube (Taylor dispersion), as described in Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2002, 16, 1454-1462. In the absence of noncovalent interactions, the measured ESI-MS dispersion profiles are expected to show a gradual transition for the macromolecule and a steep transition for the low molecular weight compound. However, if the two analytes form a noncovalent complex in solution the dispersion profiles of the two species will be very similar, since the translational diffusion of the small compound is determined by the slow Brownian motion of the macromolecule. In contrast to conventional ESI-MS-based techniques for studying noncovalent complexes, this approach does not rely on the preservation of solution-phase interactions in the gas phase. On the contrary, "harsh" conditions at the ion source are required to disrupt any potential gas- phase interactions between the two species, such that their dispersion profiles can be monitored separately. The viability of this technique is demonstrated in studies on noncovalent heme-protein interactions in myoglobin. Tight noncovalent binding is observed in solutions of pH 10, both in the absence and in the presence of 30% acetonitrile. In contrast, a significant disruption of the noncovalent interactions is seen at an acetonitrile content of 50%. Under these conditions, the diffusion coefficient of heme in the presence of myoglobin is only slightly lower than that of heme in a protein-free solution. A breakdown of the noncovalent interactions is also observed in aqueous solution of pH 2.4, where myoglobin is known to adopt an acid-unfolded conformation.
Carbohydrate-Binding Agents: A Potential Future Cornerstone for the Chemotherapy of Enveloped Viruses? (2007)

Carbohydrate-binding agents (CBAs) inhibit HIV-1 and it is proposed that therapy with such agents may have important implications for the future of anti-HIV therapy. Examples of CBAs include the procaryotic cyanovirin-N (CV-N), plant lectins such as HHA, GNA, NPA, CA and UDA, the monoclonal antibody 2G12 directed against a glycan-containing epitope on HIV envelope gp120, and the mannose-specific non-peptidic antibiotic Pradimicin A, which inhibits the entry of HIV-1 into its target cells. CBAs prevent not only virus infection of susceptible cells, but also inhibit syncytia formation between persistently HIV-infected cells and uninfected lymphocytes. In addition, CBAs may also prevent DC-SIGN-mediated transmission of HIV to T-lymphocytes. Therefore, CBAs qualify as potential microbicide drugs. Long-term exposure of HIV to CBAs in cell culture results in the progressive deletion of N-glycans of HIV gpl20 in an attempt of the virus to escape drug pressure. In this respect, the CBAs are endowed with a high genetic barrier. Multiple mutations at N-glycosylation sites are required before pronounced phenotypic drug resistance development becomes evident. CBA treatment of HIV may consist of a novel chemotherapeutic concept with a dual mechanism of antiviral action: a direct antiviral activity by preventing HIV entry and transmission to its target cells, and an indirect antiviral activity by forcing HIV to delete glycans in its gpl20 envelope. The latter phenomenon will result in creating 'holes' in the protective glycan shield of the HIV envelope, whereby the immune system may become triggered to produce neutralizing antibodies against previously hidden immunogenic epitopes of gp120. If this concept can be proven in in vivo, low-molecular-weight non-peptidic CBAs such as Pradimycin A may become the cornerstone for the efficient treatment of infections of those viruses that require a glycosylated envelope (that is, HIV, but also hepatitis C virus) for entry into its target cells. In addition, influenza virus and coronavirus infections may also qualify to be treated by CBAs.
Hybrid Positive Feedback Control for Active Vibration Attenuation of Flexible Structures (2014)

A new controller is introduced in this paper as a novel method for active vibration suppression in flexible structures. The hybrid positive feedback (HPF) uses a second- and a first-order compensator that are fed by the displacement and velocity feedbacks, respectively. Parallel pairs of the HPF controller are implemented when suppression in multimode condition is issued. Since the controller uses two gains for each pair of the actuator/sensor patch for each mode, a suitable gain optimization method has to be used to ensure the optimum performance. To this end, H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> optimization approaches are utilized. For validation purposes, the controller is verified numerically and experimentally for vibration control of a cantilever beam. System identification is performed, then closed-loop system responses to simultaneous multimode and swept frequency excitations are obtained. According to the results, the HPF controller has a superior performance compared to the conventional method of positive position feedback. Vibration displacement amplitudes were reduced by more than 85% relative to the uncontrolled state. The best performance was achieved by the H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -optimized HPF, as the net value for vibration displacement amplitude reduction in the multimode condition was 90% of the uncontrolled amplitude.
Better preadmission assessment improves learning disability care. (2004)

Preadmission assessment of people with learning disabilities can be helpful to all concerned as it helps the different stakeholders to understand each other and their needs.
Ultrasensitive absorption detection of protein and DNA microarrays based on nonlinear multiphoton wave-mixing spectroscopy (2005)

Ultrasensitive optical absorption detection method based on multi-photon wave-mixing spectroscopy is inherently suitable for biochips, biosensors and microarrays. Absorption-based wave mixing offers detection sensitivity levels that are comparable or better than those of fluorescence-based methods while using micrometer-thin samples. Wave-mixing methods offer detection of biospecific interactions on antibody or oligonucleotide microarray platforms. Optical absorption measurements of protein and DNA profiles on a glass substrate can be made with excellent reproducibility. The laser probe volume, i.e., the overlap volume of two input laser beams, ranges from nanoliter to picoliter levels. Dynamic gratings created inside the absorbing sample diffract off incoming photons to create the signal beam. Unlike fluorescence methods, wave mixing generates a collimated laser-like signal beam, and hence, signal collection is efficient and convenient. Each microarray spot has a specific antibody or oligonucleotide sequence and wave mixing allows detection of corresponding target molecules with high throughput. Wave mixing also yields intra-spot spatial resolution for profiling individual array spots.
N-(7-Dimethylamino-4-methyl-coumarinyl) maleimides (DACM) : Novel Fluorescent Thiol Reagents (1975)

Dimethylaminocoumarine (1) was proposed as one of candidate fluorogenic groups of choice. Thus N-(7-dimethylamino-4-methyl-coumarinyl) maleimides (4) are shown to be preferable fluorescent thiol reagents.
The synthesis of α-MnO<sub>2</sub>nanorods using hydrothermal homogeneous precipitation (2012)

Abstract Clear and uniform one-dimensional (1D) α- MnO 2 nanorods with diameters of 30–50 nm were prepared by hydrothermal treatment of homogeneous solution of hydrated MnSO 4 and KMnO 4 with a little H 2 O 2 . Upon control of hydrothermal conditions (reaction temperature and duration time), an excellent crystalline phase of MnO 2 was obtained and its morphology was investigated. The crystal structures of as-synthesized MnO 2 products have been characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology of the product was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the chemical composition was analyzed using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) along with SEM. The Mn concentration was determined by the chemical titration method.
Stromal Cells Provide Signals Different from Cytokines for STAT5 Activation in Hematopoietic Cells. (2001)

After detachment from the stromal cells, hematopoietic stem cells are thought to differentiate to the cytokine-dependent stages where their growth and differentiation are promoted by these cytokines. To examine the stromal regulation of hematopoietic stem cells, we previously established a primitive hematopoietic stem-like cell line, THS119, whose growth was dependent on the bone marrow stromal cell line, TBR59, and from which IL-3- (THS119/IL-3) or IL-7- (THS119/IL-7) dependent cell lines were then generated. Using these cell lines, we examined the difference in signals mediated by the stromal cells and cytokines. The cytokine-dependent cell lines (THS119/IL-3 and THS119/IL-7) showed induction of STAT5 phosphorylation and target genes for STAT5 such as CIS, pim-1, p21 and bcl-xL upon addition of IL-3 or IL-7. IL-3 or IL-7 also induced STAT5 phosphorylation and STAT5 target genes of the stromal cell-dependent cell line, THS119, in the absence of stromal cells at levels similar to the cytokine-dependent cell lines. However, quite interestingly, TBR59 stromal cells could not induce STAT5 phosphorylation of THS119 cells, although they did induce STAT5 target genes in THS119 cells. In addition, the mRNAs for STAT5 target genes in THS119 cells on the stromal cells seemed to be more stable than those in the cytokine-dependent cell lines. Expression of the antiapoptotic genes bcl-2 and bcl-xL was higher in the stromal cell-dependent cell line than in the cytokine-dependent cell lines. These results suggested that stromal cells and cytokines may provide different signals for growth and differentiation of the hematopoietic cells.
Issues in Model-Based Flow Control (1999)

This paper examines potential fairness problems associated with a model based approach to TCP-friendly flow control for non-TCP traffic. In specific, such an approach involves using a TCP-friendly formula that estimates the throughput of a TCP session with the same end-to-end traffic characteristics as the non-TCP connection under consideration. The inputs to this formula include the round trip time, the timeout value, and the packet loss fraction of the connection. This paper shows that estimating the loss fraction per transmitted packet highly depends on the current transmission rate of the connection as well as the actual loss fraction of the path. Thus the estimated loss fraction can contain errors which result in inaccurate estimation of the corresponding TCP throughput. This inaccuracy can push the transmission rate of the nonTCP connection away from the fair share of the bottleneck bandwidth on the end-to-end path, so that under steady state, the connection ends up receiving eit...
Early and Chronic Dipeptidyl‐Peptidase‐IV Inhibition and Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus After an Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Landmark Analysis of the EXAMINE Trial (2018)

Early after an ACS, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus experience a significant burden of HF events and recurrent ACS. DPP-IV inhibition with alogliptin appears to be safe even in the high-risk period following an ACS.
Prognostic value of cell-free plasma DNA in patients with cardiac arrest outside the hospital: an observational cohort study (2010)

Plasma DNA levels may be a useful biomarker in predicting outcome after out-of hospital cardiac arrest.
Neighborhood-Aware Density Control in Wireless Sensor Networks (2008)

In dense wireless sensor networks, density control is an important technique for prolonging network's lifetime. However, due to the intrinsic many-to-one communication pattern of sensor networks, nodes close to the sink tend to deplete their energy faster than other nodes. This unbalanced energy usage among nodes significantly reduces the network lifetime. In this paper, we propose neighborhood-aware density control (NADC) to alleviate this undesired effect by reducing unnecessary overhearing along routing paths. In NADC, nodes observe their neighborhoods and dynamically adapt their participation in the multihop network topology. Since the neighborhood information can be easily observed through the overheard information, the density in different regions can be adaptively adjusted in a totally distributed manner. Simulation experiments demonstrate that NADC alleviates the extremely unbalanced workload and extends the effective network lifetime without significant increase in data delivery latency.
Selective Deposition of Silicon Oxide Using a Plasma-Fluorinated Resist Mask (1988)

The characteristics of plasma-fluorinated resist as a deposition preventive mask for the selective deposition of silicon oxide is investigated. It is shown that the surface energy of conventional photoresist is markedly decreased by NF 3 plasma. This fluorinated resist mask accomplishes the selective deposition of silicon oxide by the hydrolysis reaction of SiCl 4 .
Enhancer of decapping proteins 1 and 2 are important for translation during heat stress in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2009)

In mammalian and Drosophila cells, heat stress strongly reduces general protein translation while activating cap-independent translation mechanisms to promote the expression of stress-response proteins. In contrast, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae general translation is only mildly and transiently reduced by heat stress and cap-independent translation mechanisms have not been correlated with the heat stress response. Recently we have identified direct target genes of the heat shock transcription factor (HSF), including genes encoding proteins thought to be important for general translation. One gene activated by HSF during heat stress encodes the enhancer of decapping protein, Edc2, previously shown to enhance mRNA decapping under conditions when the decapping machinery is limited. In this report we show that strains lacking Edc2, as well as the paralogous protein Edc1, are compromised for growth under persistent heat stress. This growth deficiency can be rescued by expression of a mutant Edc1 protein deficient in mRNA decapping indicative of a decapping independent function during heat stress. Yeast strains lacking Edc1 and Edc2 are also sensitive to the pharmacological inhibitor of translation paromomycin and exposure to heat stress and paromomycin functions synergistically to reduce yeast viability, suggesting that in the absence of Edc1 and Edc2 translation is compromised under heat stress conditions. Strains lacking Edc1 and Edc2 have significantly reduced rates of protein translation during growth under heat stress conditions, but not under normal growth conditions. We propose that Edc1 and the stress responsive isoform Edc2 play important roles in protein translation during stress.
Dual role of α-defensin-1 in anti–HIV-1 innate immunity (2005)

Alpha-defensins are abundant antimicrobial peptides in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and play an important role in innate immunity. We have previously shown that alpha-defensin-1 can inhibit HIV-1 replication following viral entry. Here we examined the molecular mechanism(s) of alpha-defensin-1-mediated HIV-1 inhibition. Alpha-defensin-1 had a direct effect on HIV-1 virions at a low MOI in the absence of serum. The direct effect on HIV-1 virions was abolished by the presence of serum or an increase in virus particles. Studying the kinetics of the HIV life cycle revealed that alpha-defensin-1 inhibited steps following reverse transcription and integration. Analysis of PKC phosphorylation in primary CD4+ T cells in response to alpha-defensin-1 indicated that alpha-defensin-1 inhibited PKC activity. Pretreatment of infected CD4+ T cells with a PKC activator, bryostatin 1, partially reversed alpha-defensin-1-mediated HIV inhibition. Like alpha-defensin-1, the PKC isoform-selective inhibitor Go6976 blocked HIV-1 infection in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, kinetic studies and analysis of HIV-1 products indicated that alpha-defensin-1 and Go6976 blocked HIV-1 infection at similar stages in its life cycle, including nuclear import and transcription. Taken together, our studies demonstrate that, in the absence of serum, alpha-defensin-1 may act directly on the virus, but, in the presence of serum, its effects are on the cell, where it inhibits HIV-1 replication. At least 1 of the cellular effects associated with HIV inhibition is interference with PKC signaling in primary CD4+ T cells. Studying the complex function of alpha-defensin-1 in innate immunity against HIV has implications for prevention as well as therapeutics.
Effects of Trehalose and Ethanol on Yeast Cytosolic Pyrophosphatase (1999)

Trehalose has been described to protect several enzymes against destabilizing conditions. This sugar is naturally accumulated by yeast as a stress protectant. A common stress condition that yeast is normally submitted is the presence of ethanol, the by-product of fermentation process of several yeast. In this paper we show the effects of trehalose and ethanol, alone or together, on yeast pyrophosphatase, and the effects of these compounds on inhibition and unfolding of pyrophosphatase promoted by urea. We show that both trehalose and ethanol inhibit pyrophosphatase in a dose-dependent manner, and that the presence of ethanol does not modify the inhibition promoted by trehalose as well as the presence of trehalose does not modify the inhibition promoted by ethanol. The effects of trehalose on pyrophosphatase are completely reversible, but the inhibition caused by ethanol was only partially reversible. Incubation of pyrophosphatase with 10% (v/v) ethanol promoted an inhibition of 15%, and the control activity was completely recovered after removal of ethanol. On the other hand, when pyrophosphatase was incubated with 20% (v/v) ethanol an inhibition of 40% of the control activity was observed which persisted after removal of ethanol. Ethanol also potentiates the inhibition of pyrophosphatase promoted by urea, and contributes for an irreversible inactivation and unfolding of pyrophosphatase in the presence of urea. Trehalose, that protects this enzyme against the inhibition and unfolding promoted by the chaotropic compound urea, was inefficient to protect against the effects of ethanol. Trehalose was also efficient to prevent an irreversible inactivation induced by urea.
Tone Bursts for the Objective and Subjective Evaluation of Loudspeaker Frequency Response in Ordinary Rooms (1999)

The use of controlled-length tone bursts for evaluating the low-frequency response of\nloudspeakers in the reverberant field of ordinary rooms is explored. Compared with conventional\nsignals such as stepped sine waves and various noise signals, tone bursts offer a\nnumber of practical advantages and in addition enable a rapid subjective evaluation of\nthe system.