gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Camera Models and Machine Perception (1970)

Abstract : The report developes a parametric model for a computer-controlled moveable camera on a pan-tilt head. The model expresses the transform relating object space to image space as a function of the control variables of the camera. We constructed a calibration system for measuring the model parameters which has a demonstrated accuracy more than adequate for our present needs. We have also identified the major source of error in model measurement to be undesired image motion and have developed means of measuring and compensating for some of it and eliminating other parts of it. The system can measure systematic image distortions if they become the major accuracy limitation. It has been shown how to generalize the model to handle small systematic errors due to aspects of pan-tilt head geometry not presently accounted for. The report demonstrates the model's application in stereo vision and have shown how it can be applied as a predictive device in locating objects of interest and centering them in an image. (Author)
Burden of Neonatal Infections in Developing Countries (2008)

Considerable heterogeneity exists among included studies, and more accurate data and standardized methodologies are required. However, data indicate that a significant proportion of neonatal deaths in developing countries are due to infections. Current recommendations of hospitalization and parenteral therapy for managing neonatal infections are inadequately followed in developing countries. Approaches for detecting and managing serious infections within the community, at home or first-level health facilities, may be more effective options in settings where delays and reluctance to seek care, health system inefficiencies, socioeconomic and cultural, as well as logistic constraints exist.
Introduction of the Honorary Chairman, Dr. Galloway (1956)

William James said, "The great use of a life is to spend it for something that outlasts it." Tom Galloway's medical papers will continue to influence future generations. Most of you are as familiar as I am with Dr. Galloway's many important contributions to the otolaryngologic literature. It was the knowledge of these contributions that prompted your Executive Committee to select Dr. Galloway as the Honorary Chairman of our Section for 1955. Because I wanted to know more about Galloway the man, I wrote to Dr. Soper, one of his associates, for information. The following sentences are quotations from Dr. Soper's letter: Dr. Galloway is one of the old school who has taken his work very seriously. One of his most out-standing characteristics has been his never-give-up attitude even in the most desperate cases. He has done a great deal to educate the profession to the need of early tracheotomy
Dibenz[b,e]oxepinalkanoic acids as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. 1. 6,11-Dihydro-11-oxodibenz[b,e]oxepin-2-acetic acids (1977)

A series of 6,11-dihydrodibenz[b,e]oxepin-2-acetic acids has been evaluated for both antiinflammatory and analgetic activity in the carrageenan paw edema and phenylquinone writhing assays. The requirements for optimal activity in this series appear rather specific: (a) an unsubstituted 6,11-dihydrodibenz[b,e]oxepin nucleus and (b) a carbonyl group in the 11 position. One derivative, 6,11-dihydro-11-oxodibenz[b,e]oxepin-2-acetic acid (11), has been selected for further study.
Metabolic flux analysis for succinic acid production by recombinant <i>Escherichia coli</i> with amplified malic enzyme activity (2001)

A pfl ldhA double mutant Escherichia coli strain NZN111 was used to produce succinic acid by overexpressing the E. coli malic enzyme. Escherichia coli strain NZN111 harboring pTrcML produced 6 and 8 g/L of succinic acid from 20 g/L of glucose in flask culture at 37 degrees C and 30 degrees C, respectively. When NZN111(pTrcML) was cultured at 30 degrees C with intermittent glucose feeding the final succinic acid concentration obtained was 9.5 g/L and the ratio of succinic acid to acetic acid was 13:1. This system could not be analyzed by conventional metabolic flux analysis techniques, since some pyruvate and succinic acid were accumulated intracellularly. Therefore, a new flux analysis method was proposed by introducing intracellular pyruvate and succinic acid pools. By this new method the concentrations of intracellular metabolites were successfully predicted and the differences between the measured and calculated reaction rates could be considerably reduced.
Das rechtswirksame Verhalten. Systematischer Aufbau und Behandlung der Rechtsakte des Burgerlichen und Handelsrechts (ADOLFO PLACHY) (1939)

L' argomento trattato dall' autore riguarda il comportamento umano al quale sono legati effetti qiuridici. Sappiamo che questo campo di ricerche nella giurisprudenza odierna ha vaste regioni inesplorate. Il titolo del libro e la definizione sopra riportata gia a priori suscita nella mente una folla di questioni e di problemi, dei quali i principali sono: 1) l' inquadramento del comportamento umano nel quadro del sistema di altri atii giuridici; 2) il modo con il quale gli atti giuridici sono collegati agli effetti giuridici ed il carattere teorico di questo legame;
Computerized transcutaneous control of a multichannel implantable urinary prosthesis (1992)

In the present paper we describe a personal computer interface of a multichannel implantable urinary prosthesis. This system is composed of two main parts: the first one is internal and consists of an implant using a 4-microns CMOS gate array chip controlling a wide variety of waveforms via eight monopolar channels. The second, an external controller featuring a versatile software, a PCB card plugged in a portable microcomputer, and a radiofrequency-coupled technique. This device is used to transmit the power, the data and the synchronization clock to the implant by a simple binary signal modulating a 20 MHz carrier. We also report the features of implant encapsulation and electrode design and fabrication. In the experimental phase, we studied the effect of early electric stimulation of the bladder during the spinal shock phase in the dog. We present the operative techniques that enabled us to perform chronic electrostimulation of the sacral roots and discuss the results.
Converting Wind Energy to Ammonia at Lower Pressure (2017)

Renewable wind energy can be used to make ammonia. However, wind-generated ammonia costs about twice that made from a traditional fossil-fuel driven process. To reduce the production cost, we replace the conventional ammonia condensation with a selective absorber containing metal halides, e.g., calcium chloride, operating at near synthesis temperatures. With this reaction-absorption process, ammonia can be synthesized at 20 bar from air, water, and wind-generated electricity, with rates comparable to the conventional process running at 150–300 bar. In our reaction-absorption process, the rate of ammonia synthesis is now controlled not by the chemical reaction but largely by the pump used to recycle the unreacted gases. The results suggest an alternative route to distributed ammonia manufacture which can locally supply nitrogen fertilizer and also a method to capture stranded wind energy as a carbon-neutral liquid fuel.
Simultaneous fusion, compression, and encryption of multiple images (2011)

We report a new spectral multiple image fusion analysis based on the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and a specific spectral filtering method. In order to decrease the size of the multiplexed file, we suggest a procedure of compression which is based on an adapted spectral quantization. Each frequency is encoded with an optimized number of bits according its importance and its position in the DC domain. This fusion and compression scheme constitutes a first level of encryption. A supplementary level of encryption is realized by making use of biometric information. We consider several implementations of this analysis by experimenting with sequences of gray scale images. To quantify the performance of our method we calculate the MSE (mean squared error) and the PSNR (peak signal to noise ratio). Our results consistently improve performances compared to the well-known JPEG image compression standard and provide a viable solution for simultaneous compression and encryption of multiple images.
Finite State Automata and Simple Recurrent Networks (1989)

We explore a network architecture introduced by Elman (1988) for predicting successive elements of a sequence. The network uses the pattern of activation over a set of hidden units from time-step t−1, together with element t, to predict element t + 1. When the network is trained with strings from a particular finite-state grammar, it can learn to be a perfect finite-state recognizer for the grammar. When the network has a minimal number of hidden units, patterns on the hidden units come to correspond to the nodes of the grammar, although this correspondence is not necessary for the network to act as a perfect finite-state recognizer. We explore the conditions under which the network can carry information about distant sequential contingencies across intervening elements. Such information is maintained with relative ease if it is relevant at each intermediate step; it tends to be lost when intervening elements do not depend on it. At first glance this may suggest that such networks are not relevant to natural language, in which dependencies may span indefinite distances. However, embeddings in natural language are not completely independent of earlier information. The final simulation shows that long distance sequential contingencies can be encoded by the network even if only subtle statistical properties of embedded strings depend on the early information.
miR-Test: A Blood Test for Lung Cancer Early Detection (2015)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Low-dose computed tomography screening (LDCT) was recently shown to anticipate the time of diagnosis, thus reducing lung cancer mortality. However, concerns persist about the feasibility and costs of large-scale LDCT programs. Such concerns may be addressed by clearly defining the target "high-risk" population that needs to be screened by LDCT. We recently identified a serum microRNA signature (the miR-Test) that could identify the optimal target population. Here, we performed a large-scale validation study of the miR-Test in high-risk individuals (n = 1115) enrolled in the Continuous Observation of Smoking Subjects (COSMOS) lung cancer screening program. The overall accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the miR-Test are 74.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 72.2% to 77.6%), 77.8% (95% CI = 64.2% to 91.4%), and 74.8% (95% CI = 72.1% to 77.5%), respectively; the area under the curve is 0.85 (95% CI = 0.78 to 0.92). These results argue that the miR-Test might represent a useful tool for lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals.
Recent advances in capture of carbon dioxide using alkali-metal-based oxides (2011)

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major greenhouse gas and makes a significant contribution to global warming and climate change. Thus CO2 capture and storage (CCS) have attracted worldwide interest from both fundamental and practical research communities. Alkali-metal-based oxides such as alkali-metal oxides, binary oxides, and hydrotalcite-like compounds are promising adsorbents for CO2 capture because of their relatively high adsorption capacity, low cost, and wide availability. They can also be applied to the adsorption-enhanced reactions involving CO2. The microstructures (e.g., surface area, porosity, particle size, and dispersion) of these oxides determine the CO2 adsorption capacity and multicycle stability. This perspective critically assesses and gives an overview of recent developments in the synthesized method, adsorption mechanism, operational conditions, stability, and regenerability of a variety of oxides. Both pros and cons of these oxides are also discussed. Insights are provided into several effective procedures regarding microstructural control of alkali-metal-based oxides, including preparation optimization, modification, stream hydration, etc.
Protein S100 as a marker for cerebral outcome after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (1999)

S100 is a CNS-specific protein, derived from the cytosol of glial cells, that can be detected in peripheral blood after structural brain damage. We prospectively examined the prognostic value of S100-levels after cardiopulmonary resuscitaton (CPR).
A Research on Mobile Cloud Computing and Future Trends (2016)

With an exploding growth of the mobile applications and emerging of cloud computing, mobile cloud computing (MCC) has become a potential technology for mobile services. MCC is the combination of cloud computing, mobile computing and wireless networks to bring rich computational resources to mobile u
Cancer and infection: estimates of the attributable fraction in 1990. (1997)

Various estimates of the proportion of all cancers attributable to infections have been proposed but none have been numerically justified. We have reviewed the evidence for "causality" with respect to infectious agents linked with cancer and estimated the fraction of all cancer cases concerned that are attributable to it. The etiological fraction was applied to the estimated annual incidence of cancer at each specific site in 1990, and the number of attributable cases was obtained. We estimate that 15.6% (1,450,000 cases) of the worldwide incidence of cancer in 1990 can be attributed to infection with either the hepatitis B and C viruses, the human papillomaviruses, EBV, human T-cell lymphotrophic virus I, HIV, the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, schistosomes, or liver flukes. There would be 21% fewer cases of cancer in developing countries (1,000,000 fewer cases per year) and 9% fewer cases in developed countries (375,000 fewer cases per year) if these infectious diseases were prevented. The attributable fraction at the specific sites varies from 89% of cervix cancers attributable to the papillomaviruses to 1% of all leukemias attributable to human T-cell lymphotrophic virus I.
Normal and pathological bowel sound patterns. (1986)

The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of auscultation of bowel sounds in evaluating patients with total and subtotal small intestinal obstruction and immediately after operation. The study was based on ten healthy volunteers, seven patients with documented mechanical obstruction, one patient with chronic subtotal mechanical obstruction and twelve patients undergoing an emergency laparotomy. Bowel sounds varied markedly in all individuals studied. The most striking finding in mechanical obstruction was the regular occurrence of clustered bowel sounds. These were defined as 3-10 regular sounds, occurring one every five seconds, preceded and followed by at least one minute of silence. The associated periods of quiescent motor activity may account for the unexpectedly reduced frequency and motility index after a meal in obstructed patients compared with normal subjects. The different bowel sound patterns occurred in the patient with subtotal mechanical obstruction before and after a meal respectively i.e. infrequent and low-amplitude bowel sounds and clustered bowel sounds. The technique is probably not more sensitive than radiological procedures, and the abnormalities that are detected by an auscultation of bowel sounds are not specific.
Contrast‐enhanced myocardial T1‐weighted scout (Look–Locker) imaging for the detection of myocardial damages in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (2009)

Contrast-enhanced myocardial T1-weighted scout imaging has the potential for showing dispersed myocardial damage leading to increased myocardial mass in HCM, while the dense myocardial fibrosis correlated with reduced ejection fraction.
Regulation of Membrane Metalloproteolytic Cleavage of L-selectin (CD62L) by the Epidermal Growth Factor Domain (2001)

The adhesion molecule L-selectin is cleaved rapidly from the surface of activated leukocytes by tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme, a cell surface metalloprotease, and also undergoes slower constitutive shedding in unactivated cells. The structural features that render it susceptible to shedding are poorly understood. We therefore analyzed the shedding of a series of mutant and chimeric L-selectin molecules. Although murine L-selectin is cleaved at a specific location in the juxtamembrane region 11 amino acids distal to the cell membrane, this cleavage has little sequence specificity. However, proline substitution at the P2' or P3' position or deletion of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) domain completely blocks the rapid phorbol ester-induced cleavage, but does not affect the slower basal proteolytic shedding. Insertion of the 15-residue membrane-proximal region (MPR) of L-selectin into the heterologous protein B7.2 results in a molecule that undergoes constitutive proteolytic turnover. In contrast, insertion of both the EGF domain and the MPR confers susceptibility to both slow constitutive shedding and the rapid proteolytic cleavage induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. These results demonstrate that constitutive and induced L-selectin cleavage are separable processes and that the rapid phorbol ester-induced shedding requires the presence of the EGF domain, a sequence that is remote from the cleavage site.
Ambient and wearable sensing for gait classification in pervasive healthcare environments (2010)

Pervasive healthcare environments provide an effective solution for monitoring the wellbeing of the elderly where the general trend of an increasingly ageing population has placed significant burdens on current healthcare systems. An important pervasive healthcare system functionality is patient motion analysis where gait information can be used to detect walking behavior abnormalities that may indicate the onset of adverse health problems, for quantifying post-operative recovery, and to observe the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. The development of accurate motion analysis models, however, requires the integration of multi-sensing modalities and the utilization of appropriate data analysis techniques. This paper describes a simple and robust framework for improved patient motion analysis based on an ambient and a wearable sensor. Using visual information from a single vision sensor, target segmentation is first carried out and a skeleton extraction procedure is subsequently applied to quantify the target internal motion by computing two metrics, spatiotemporal cyclic motion between leg segments and head trajectory. Extracted accelerometer information from a wearable body sensor is fused with the extracted metrics at the feature level by using K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm to classify target's walking gait into normal or abnormal. The potential value of the proposed framework for patient monitoring is demonstrated and the results obtained from practical experiments are described.
Transforming growth factor-β-mediated autocrine growth regulation of gliomas as detected with phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides (1996)

Transforming growth factors-beta 1 and -beta 2 (TGF-beta 1 and -beta 2) are important growth-regulatory proteins for astroglial neoplasms. We analyzed their role in tumor-cell proliferation in 12 glioma cell lines, employing phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (S-ODNs, 14 mer), specifically targeted against the coding sequences of TGF-beta 1-mRNA and TGF-beta 2-mRNA. TGF-beta 1-S-ODNs inhibited cell proliferation in 5 of 12 gliomas, whereas TGF-beta 2-S-ODNs reduced the cell proliferation in all glioma cell lines, compared to nonsense-S-ODN-treated and S-ODN-untreated cells as controls. The efficacy and specificity of antisense effects was validated by Northern-blot analysis and determination of protein concentrations in culture supernatants (ELISA). Exogenous hrTGF-beta 1 either stimulated or inhibited the cell lines, whereas pnTGF-beta 2 stimulated the proliferation of most glioma cells. Blocking the extracellular pathway of TGF-beta by neutralizing antibodies only slightly inhibited those cell lines, which were markedly stimulated by TGF-betas. As the effects of TGF-beta 2-S-ODNs were much stronger than those of TGF-beta neutralizing antibodies, we postulate that the endogenously produced TGF-beta 2 control glioma-cell proliferation, in part by an intracellular loop.
Mosaic: cross-platform user-interaction record and replay for the fragmented android ecosystem (2015)

In contrast to traditional computing systems, such as desktops and servers, that are programmed to perform “compute-bound” and “run-to-completion” tasks, mobile applications are designed for user interactivity. Factoring user interactivity into computer system design and evaluation is important, yet possesses many challenges. In particular, systematically studying interactive mobile applications across the diverse set of mobile devices available today is difficult due to the mobile device fragmentation problem. At the time of writing, there are 18,796 distinct Android mobile devices on the market and will only continue to increase in the future. Differences in screen sizes, resolutions and operating systems impose different interactivity requirements, making it difficult to uniformly study these systems. We present Mosaic, a cross-platform, timing-accurate record and replay tool for Android-based mobile devices. Mosaic overcomes device fragmentation through a novel virtual screen abstraction. User interactions are translated from a physical device into a platform-agnostic intermediate representation before translation to a target system. The intermediate representation is human-readable, which allows Mosaic users to modify previously recorded traces or even synthesize their own user interactive sessions from scratch. We demonstrate that Mosaic allows user interaction traces to be recorded on emulators, smartphones, tablets, and development boards and replayed on other devices. Using Mosaic we were able to replay 45 different Google Play applications across multiple devices, and also show that we can perform cross-platform performance comparisons between two different processors under identical user interactions.
Ultra-Shallow Junction Formation—Physics and Advanced Technology (2008)

In this paper, the advanced technology in the ultra‐shallow junction formation and its physical understanding for sub‐nano CMOS devices are presented. After quickly presenting the device issues for the next generation of CMOS devices, we shall focus on the formation of highly activated Ultra‐Shallow Source Drain extension. In fact, the formation of ultra‐shallow junctions (USJ) for future integrated circuit technologies requires achieving high activation levels and abrupt profiles. To achieve the challenging targets set out in the semiconductor roadmap, it is crucial to reach a much better understanding of the basic physical processes taking place during USJ processing. Subsequently, we review current understanding of dopant‐defect interactions during thermal processing of device structures—interactions which are at the heart of the dopant diffusion and activation anomalies seen in USJ leading to device performance degradation. Based on the physical understanding, we shall review and discuss some promising methods, such as co‐implants (C, F, N), cluster/molecular implants and defect engineering as well as alternative thermal processes, for further downscaling of source‐drain resistance and junction depth. Emphasize on the impact on both PMOS and NMOS device performance will be presented. Finally, we will demonstrate that TCAD (Technology Computer Aided Design) can be successfully used for optimizing the new junction architecture to meet the nano‐CMOS device performance requirements.