gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Four-photon mixing and high-speed WDM systems (1995)

The trend toward higher bit rates in lightwave communications has increased interest in dispersion-shifted fiber to minimize dispersion penalties. At the same time optical amplifiers have increased interest in wavelength multiplexing. These two methods of increasing system capacity, if used together, can result in severe degradation due to fiber nonlinearity. This paper discusses the impact of the principal nonlinearity, four-photon mixing, and describes strategies that allow simultaneous use of high bit rates and WDM.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
PMD emulators and signal distortion in 2.48-Gb/s IM-DD lightwave systems (1997)

Effects of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) on 2.48 Gb/s IM-DD lightwave systems are experimentally observed by using PMD emulators made with segments of highly birefringent fiber with random-mode coupling splices. Random birefringence between mode couplings was also included in the emulator. The measurements indicate that the eye diagram is corrupted by PMD values above 10 ps.
Extrusion-Spheronization as a Granulation Technique (2016)

INTRODUCTION Extrusion-spheronization is a multiple-step process capable of producing uniformly sized spherical particles. This chapter will discuss the use of this process as a granulation method for use in producing free-flowing spherical granules. The initial edition and the second edition were written by Erkoboni (1) and Mehta et al. (2), respectively.
Erbium:YAG laser skin resurfacing: a Pakistani experience (2003)

The erbium:YAG laser is safe and effective in treating wrinkles, acne/chickenpox scars and hyperpigmentation in skin type IV patients.
Microwave Power Beaming for Long Range Energy Transfer (1978)

Current studies by NASA have identified space solar power as a potential long term viable candidate for efficient energy transfer at orbital ranges using a microwave beam. This paper will describe some of the power-aperture relationships leading to a potential feasible design of a power beaming system. The topics include a discussion of the system constraints, the transmitter and spaceborne array configuration, and the error budget levied by microwave system requirements.
Staying sticky: contact self-cleaning of gecko-inspired adhesives (2014)

The exceptionally adhesive foot of the gecko remains clean in dirty environments by shedding contaminants with each step. Synthetic gecko-inspired adhesives have achieved similar attachment strengths to the gecko on smooth surfaces, but the process of contact self-cleaning has yet to be effectively demonstrated. Here, we present the first gecko-inspired adhesive that has matched both the attachment strength and the contact self-cleaning performance of the gecko's foot on a smooth surface. Contact self-cleaning experiments were performed with three different sizes of mushroom-shaped elastomer microfibres and five different sizes of spherical silica contaminants. Using a load-drag-unload dry contact cleaning process similar to the loads acting on the gecko foot during locomotion, our fully contaminated synthetic gecko adhesives could recover lost adhesion at a rate comparable to that of the gecko. We observed that the relative size of contaminants to the characteristic size of the microfibres in the synthetic adhesive strongly determined how and to what degree the adhesive recovered from contamination. Our approximate model and experimental results show that the dominant mechanism of contact self-cleaning is particle rolling during the drag process. Embedding of particles between adjacent fibres was observed for particles with diameter smaller than the fibre tips, and further studied as a temporary cleaning mechanism. By incorporating contact self-cleaning capabilities, real-world applications of synthetic gecko adhesives, such as reusable tapes, clothing closures and medical adhesives, would become feasible.
New video signal-processing LSIs for 8 mm VCRs (1988)

A fully integrated bipolar large-scale integration (LSI) signal processing system is described. The system is composed of a single-chip Y/C signal processor, a multifunction charge-coupled device (CCD) comb filter a head amplifier with active equalizers, and a PAL signal processor. About 8800 elements are integrated in the single-chip Y/C signal processor which takes the place of 5 ICs in a conventional video cassette recorder (VCR) system. The design and characteristics of the subsystems are each briefly discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
EFFECTS OF SPINASTEROL AND SITOSTEROL ON PLASMA AND LIVER CHOLESTEROL LEVELS AND BILIARY AND FECAL STEROL AND BILE ACID EXCRETIONS IN MICE (1983)

Effects of spinasterol and sitosterol on plasma and liver cholesterol levels and biliary and fecal sterol and bile acid excretions were examined with male mice. Both phytosterols were added to the diet at a 1% concentration and fed to mice for 15 days. Spinasterol increased the fecal cholesterol excretion and decreased the plasma and liver cholesterol levels, the bile acid pool size and the fecal bile acid excretion, especially those derived from chenodeoxycholic acid. Fecal coprostanol excretion remained unchanged. These changes were similar to those produced by sitosterol. These data led to the conclusions 1) that spinasterol, as well as sitosterol, inhibits cholesterol absorption, resulting in decreases of the plasma and liver cholesterol levels and 2) that when cholesterol absorption is inhibited, the synthesis of bile acids, especially that of chenodeoxycholic acid, decreases, suggesting that the dietary cholesterol is preferentially metabolized to chenodeoxycholic acid in mice.
Global Continuation for Distance Geometry Problems (1997)

Distance geometry problems arise in the determination of protein structure. We consider the case where only a subset of the distances between atoms is given and formulate this distance geometry problem as a global minimization problem with special structure. We show that global smoothing techniques and a continuation approach for global optimization can be used to determine global solutions of this problem reliably and efficiently. The global continuation approach determines a global solution with less computational effort than is required by a standard multistart algorithm. Moreover, the continuation approach usually finds the global solution from any given starting point, while the multistart algorithm tends to fail.
In-Flight Trajectory Planning and Guidance for Autonomous Parafoils (2009)

This paper presents a framework for onboard trajectory planning and guidance for a large class of autonomously guided parafoils. The problem is for the parafoil to reach a given location at a specified altitude with a specified final heading. Through appropriate change of the independent variable, the trajectory planning problem is converted from a three-dimensional free-final-time problem to a two-dimensional fixed-final-time problem. Using the wellknownDubinspath synthesis andknownparafoil performanceparameters, a concept of altitudemargin is developed as aquantitativemeasure of the availablemaneuvering energy for use in trajectory planning.Ahybrid strategy using two methods to generate kinematically feasible fixed-time trajectories is presented, each targeting a different range of initial values of the altitude margin. The trajectory can be replanned onboard in every guidance cycle, making the guidance effectively closed-loop, or replanned whenever the actual deviation of the actual condition from the reference trajectory exceeds a threshold. The proposed planning and guidance algorithm applies to a large class of parafoil canopies and payloads, which encompasses wide variations in the lift-to-drag ratio, wing loading, and maximum turn rate. The guidance logic has the potential of requiring little or no tuning to accommodate variations in canopy performance. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm with dispersions in canopy performance, loading, wind profile errors, navigation uncertainty, using lateral control only, and using both longitudinal and lateral control.
Asynchronous Max-Consensus Protocol With Time Delays: Convergence Results and Applications (2016)

This paper deals with the analysis of the convergence properties of the max-consensus protocol in presence of asynchronous updates and bounded time delays on directed static networks. The work is motivated by real-world applications in distributed decision-making systems, for which max-consensus is an effective paradigm. The main result of this paper is that the strongly connectedness of the directed communication network is a sufficient condition for the asynchronous max-consensus protocol to let a distributed system converge in finite time. Implementation issues are also taken into account, by complementing the theoretical analysis with the definition of a mechanism to detect convergence in a distributed fashion. Finally, a numerical example is given, highlighting both the issues related to the failure of synchronous protocols applied to asynchronous settings and the effectiveness of the proposed asynchronous framework.
The <i>δ</i>- and <i>ε</i>-subunits of bovine F1-ATPase interact to form a heterodimeric subcomplex (1996)

The delta-subunit of bovine F1-ATPase was expressed from a bacterial vector at fairly high level in Escherichia coli, but the yield of bovine epsilon-subunit was rather low under similar conditions. However, co-expression of the proteins from a dicistronic operon delta-epsilon in the same expression vector, produced both of them in good yield in a soluble form in the bacterial cytoplasm, and by chromatography it was found that the delta- and epsilon-subunits were associated in a stable complex. The amino groups in the complex were labelled exhaustively by chemical reaction under denaturing conditions with ethyl-[1-14C]acetimidate. The alpha-amino groups of the proteins were unmodified, but complete reaction of all epsilon-amino groups in both proteins was demonstrated by determination of the molecular masses of the modified proteins by electrospray MS. The modified subunits were separated by denaturing gel electrophoresis, and from measurements of the ratio of incorporated radioactivities and the lysine contents of the proteins, it was calculated that the subcomplex contains equimolar amounts of the two proteins. As the apparent molecular mass of the complex determined by gel filtration was 29 kDa, it appears that the complex contains one copy of each protein. It is likely that the delta- and epsilon subunits are associated in a similar manner in the bovine F1-ATPase complex, and that, like a bacterial homologue of the delta-subunit, they interact with the gamma- and beta-subunits.
Trench gate power MOSFETs with retrograde body profile (2004)

Low specific on-resistance (R/sub ds,on/) and low gate capacitance are essential for trench gate power MOSFETs. In this work, we propose a simple method of retrograde body profile to improve the two parameters simultaneously. The retrograde body MOSFET (RBMOS) is realized by high energy implantation. Because the highest channel concentration is located close to the drain side, the depletion width at the drain side is suppressed, so that the channel length can be shortened greatly without sacrificing punch-through voltage. A low thermal budget and easy trench gate process are additional benefits. A power MOSFET with channel length of 0.4 /spl mu/m, threshold voltage of 1 V, and breakdown voltage of 32 V is demonstrated. Compared with the conventional device, the specific on-resistance and the figure-of-merit can be improved by 38% and 70%, respectively.
Power-bandwidth considerations in the design of MESFET distributed amplifiers (1988)

Quantitative procedures are given for the design of MESFET distributed amplifiers using series capacitors in the device gate circuits. It is shown that the choice of series capacitors allows the designer to trade gain for bandwidth while maintaining a given gain-bandwidth product. It is also shown that the input power capability can be increased by the use of series capacitors when the device pinch-off is the power-limiting factor. It is pointed out how the addition of series capacitors makes it possible to increase the gate periphery of an amplifier, which results in an increase in power-bandwidth product.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The performance of bacterial phytosensing transgenic tobacco under field conditions (2013)

Addition of the 3-series fatty acid precursor (icosapentaenoic acid, IPA), its endoperoxide [prostaglandin (PG)H(3)], or thromboxane A(3) to human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) does not result in aggregation of the platelets. In fact, preincubation of human PRP with exogenous PGH(3) actually inhibited aggregation by increasing platelet cyclic AMP concentrations. PGH(3) undergoes rapid spontaneous degradation to PGD(3) in human PRP. The PGD(3) so formed is adequate to account for the increase of platelet cAMP and inhibition of aggregation. Furthermore, addition of PGD-specific antisera to human PRP blocked the platelet inhibitory activity of exogenous PGH(3). PGD(3) has considerable potential as a circulating antithrombotic agent. Pretreatment of human PRP with the adenylate cyclase inhibitor 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine blocked the increase of platelet cyclic AMP and the inhibition of aggregation normally produced by PGI(2), PGE(1), PGD(2), PGH(3), and PGD(3). Furthermore, the dideoxyadenosine unmasked a direct but moderate reversible aggregatory effect in response to the subsequent addition of PGH(3). Similarly, the dideoxyadenosine markedly enhanced the aggregation produced by exogenous PGH(2). IPA is readily incorporated into tissue lipids but proved to be a poor substrate for kidney, blood vessel, or heart cyclooxygenase. IPA was previously shown to be a poor substrate for platelet cyclooxygenase. IPA is readily deacylated from the renal phospholipid pool in response to bradykinin, a substance that also stimulates the release of arachidonic acid. A diet that relies primarily on cold-water fish, as in the case of the Greenland Eskimos, lowers endogenous arachidonic acid and markedly increases the IPA content of tissue lipids. Thus, because IPA has the potential to act as an antagonist with arachidonic acid for platelet cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, the simultaneous release of IPA could suppress any residual arachidonic acid conversion to its aggregatory metabolites.
Design of a Novel, MRI-compatible Bioreactor for Longitudinal Monitoring of Mechanically Conditioned Engineered Cardiovascular Constructs (2014)

It has been demonstrated that in order for engineered tissues to be suitable for implantation and remain functional long-term, they may have to be pre-conditioned in dynamic mechanical environments [1]. While bioreactor devices have been custom built for this purpose [2], to date, no device offers the possibility of: a) the exertion of coupled/decoupled flow-stretch-flexure (FSF) stress states on tissue engineered constructs similar to that experienced by native cardiovascular tissues, such as heart valves, b) the replication of physiological hemodynamic conditions in which these stress states occur and c)
[Thionitrites as potent donors of nitric oxide: example of S-nitroso- and S,S'-dinitroso-dihydrolipoic acids]. (1996)

Until recently, nitric oxide (NO.) was considered as a toxic radical, but it appears now as an essential messenger implicated in a wide range of biological processes, including immune system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system. An aspect of NO. metabolism in vivo is the formation of a variety of high and low molecular weight nitrosothiols. S-nitrosocysteine and S-nitrosoglutathione are among the biologically derived S-nitrosothiols that are postulated to be carriers of NO.. Although most of the S-nitrosothiols are unstable and spontaneously break down to produce NO. and a disulfide, some of them, including protein thiols, can show significant stability. These molecules are able to convey nitric oxide, that is, to keep, to carry, and then to generate NO. in physiological media, and might display pharmacological effects as potential vasodilators or neuroprotectors. Here, we present the development of new thionitrites R-S-NO having intrinsic antioxidant properties. We report the preparation, the characterization, and the stability studies in aqueous solutions of S-nitroso derivatives of dihydro-alpha-lipoic acid, known for its antioxidant properties.
Enumeration of T lymphocytes subsets in autoimmune disease using monoclonal antibodies. (1981)

The numbers of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, helper and suppressor T lymphocytes were measured in peripheral blood of patients with autoimmune disease (rheumatoid arthritis, erythema nodosum, Sjögren's disease, Wegener's disease, idiopathic thrombocytopenia, pernicious anaemia and Hashimoto's disease). B lymphocytes were enumerated by direct immunofluorescence and T lymphocytes by E rosette tests and by indirect immunofluorescence with OKT3.PAN Helper and suppressor T lymphocytes were determined by indirect immunofluorescence with OKT4.IND and OKT8.SUP respectively. The numbers of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and helper T lymphocytes in patients with autoimmune disease were normal, but the numbers of suppressor T lymphocytes were significantly lower.
4-/Trans-4′-n-Alkylcyclohezxyl/Isothiocyanatobenzenes a New Class Of Low-Melting Stable Nematics (1984)

Abstract The mesogenic properties of four series of compounds with the iso;hiocyanate terminal group are compared, viz.: 4-n-alkyl-4′-isothiocyanatobiphenyls /1/, 4–/trans-4′-n-alkylcyclohexyl/benzeneisothiocyanates /2/, isothiocyanatophenyl 4-n-alkylbenzoates /3 / and isothiocyanatophenyl 4-/trans-4′-n-alkylcyclohexyl/benzoates /4/. It has been found that compounds 2 have only the nematic phase in the homologous series from 2 to 10 carbon atom in the alkyl chain, and compounds 4 the nematic and smectic A phases, while the so far known compounds 1 and 3 are E or A smectics.
Acid-sensing Ion Channel 2 (ASIC2) Modulates ASIC1 H+-activated Currents in Hippocampal Neurons (2004)

Hippocampal neurons express subunits of the acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC1 and ASIC2) and exhibit large cation currents that are transiently activated by acidic extracellular solutions. Earlier work indicated that ASIC1 contributed to the current in these neurons and suggested its importance for normal behavior. However, the specific contribution of ASIC1 and ASIC2 subunits to acid-evoked currents in hippocampal neurons remained uncertain. To decipher the individual role of the ASIC subunits, we studied H(+)-gated currents in neurons from both ASIC1 and ASIC2 null mice. We found that much of the current was produced by ASIC1a/2a heteromultimeric channels, and individual subunits made distinct contributions. The ASIC1a subunit was key in establishing current amplitude. The ASIC2a subunit had little effect on amplitude but influenced desensitization, recovery from desensitization, pH sensitivity, and the response to modulatory agents. We also found heterogeneity in the contribution of ASIC2 throughout the neuronal population, with individual neurons expressing both ASIC1a homomultimeric and ASIC1a/2a heteromultimeric channels. Studies of neurons heterozygous for disrupted ASIC alleles indicated that the properties of H(+)-gated currents are dependent on the proportion of the individual subunits. These findings indicate that the absolute and relative amounts of ASIC subunits determine the amplitude and properties of hippocampal H(+)-gated currents and therefore may contribute to normal physiology and pathophysiology.
VERTEPORFIN THERAPY IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (VAM): An Open-label Multicenter Photodynamic Therapy Study of 4,435 Patients (2004)

Verteporfin therapy exhibited no additional or new safety concerns. The therapy associated with a low incidence of adverse events when expanded access was provided in a large, open-label, multicenter study, including a low incidence (0.05%) of reported photosensitivity reactions despite a short photosensitivity protection period (24 hours) following verteporfin administration.
Iodine determination in biological material. Kinetic measurement of the catalytic activity of iodide (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIodine determination in biological material. Kinetic measurement of the catalytic activity of iodideK. LauberCite this: Anal. Chem. 1975, 47, 4, 769–771Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60354a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60354a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Determination of Ascorbic Acid by New Colorimetric Reaction (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Ascorbic Acid by New Colorimetric ReactionMorton Schmall, C. W. Pifer, and E. G. WollishCite this: Anal. Chem. 1953, 25, 10, 1486–1490Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60082a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60082a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views632Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts