gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Mesoporous Silica by Aerosol-Assisted Self-Assembly (2006)

An efficient, productive, and low-cost aerosol-assisted self-assembly process has been developed to produce organically modified mesoporous silica particles via a direct co-condensation of silicate species and organosilicates that contain nonhydrolyzable functional groups in the presence of templating surfactant molecules. Different surfactants including cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, nonionic surfactant Brij-56, and triblock copolymer P123 have been used as the structure-directing agents. The organosilanes used in this study include tridecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrooctyltriethoxysilane, methytriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy studies indicate the formation of particles with various mesostructures. Fourier transform infrared and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirm the organic ligands are covalently bound to the surface of the silica framework. The porosity, pore size, and surface area of the particles were characterized using nitrogen adsorption and desorption measurements. This method provides a direct synthesis route to efficiently synthesize a large variety of organic functionalized mesoporous silica particles with controlled pore sizes, pore surface chemistry, and pore structures for catalyst, filler, and other applications.
3-(2-Carboxyindol-3-yl)propionic acid derivatives: antagonists of the strychnine-insensitive glycine receptor associated with the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT3-(2-Carboxyindol-3-yl)propionic acid derivatives: antagonists of the strychnine-insensitive glycine receptor associated with the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complexFrancesco G. Salituro, Boyd L. Harrison, Bruce M. Baron, Philip L. Nyce, Kenneth T. Stewart, and Ian A. McDonaldCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1990, 33, 11, 2944–2946Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00173a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views519Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (409 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Binding of Chemotactic Collagen-Derived Peptides to Fibroblasts (1978)

We previously showed that collagen, alpha-chains, and collagen-derived peptide fragments induce chemotactic migration of human fibroblasts in vitro. We now describe biochemical and immunological evidence showing there are binding sites for collagen peptides on fibroblast membranes.By the use of (14)C-labeled alpha1(I) chain, binding to intact fibroblasts was demonstrated. The process was reversible, and time- and fibroblast concentration-dependent. Scatchard plot analyses of the data obtained for the binding of alpha1(I) suggested that there are congruent with 16 x 10(6) binding sites per fibroblast with an association constant of 1.1 x 10(7)/M for alpha1(I). Dissociation of the bound radioactivity and subsequent chromatographic analysis on agarose A-1.5 m revealed that the alpha1 was unaltered. The binding of (14)C-labeled alpha1 was inhibited by each of the CNBr peptides derived from alpha1 chain of chick skin collagen and CNBr peptide mixtures of various genetic types of collagen chains. Immunofluorescence studies with anti-alpha1 antibody showed that alpha1-treated fibroblasts exhibited strong immunofluorescence. The intensity of fluorescence was markedly diminished by prior absorption of the antibody with alpha1. The alpha1-treated cells stained with preimmune sera did not show significant fluorescence.Dose-response curves of fibroblast chemotaxis induced by alpha1 and the binding of alpha1 by fibroblasts correlate closely. Furthermore, the potency of alpha1-CNBr peptides as chemotactic agents correlates with their ability to inhibit the binding of labeled alpha1(I). These data suggest the hypothesis that collagenderived peptides cause fibroblast chemotactic migration by acting on fibroblast membranes.
Development of defined and minimal media for the growth of Bacillus stearothermophilus (1975)

Defined media, both solid and liquid, that support good growth of Bacillus stearothermophilus 1503 have been developed. Data are presented which indicate that manganese is required at relatively high concentrations for growth in a defined liquid medium. Phosphate concentrations higher than 5 times 10(-3) M have been shown to inhibit colony formation on solid media. Maximum viable counts of approximately 10(9) colony-forming units per ml were obtained in both the defined and minimal liquid media. Glucose, fructose, sucrose, glycerol, and starch support the growth of this obligate thermophile in the defined media, whereas citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinate, fumarate, malate, acetate, and lactate do not. The described media have been utilized to isolate several amino acid-requiring mutants of B. stearothermophilus.
Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters for gas‐chromatographic analysis of lipids in biological materials (1994)

Abstract Theoretically, preparation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) deals with reversible chemical reactions in a complex system. Methodologically, there are numerous ways, generally characterized by the type of catalysts used and steps involved. Although there are more than a half dozen common catalysts, the majority fall into either acidic (HCl, H 2 SO 4 and BF 3 ) or alkaline types (NaOCH 3 , KOH and NaOH), with each having its own catalytic capability and application limitations. In terms of steps, many conventional methods, including those officially recognized, consist of drying, digestion, extraction, purification, alkaline hydrolysis, transmethylation/methylation and postreaction work‐up. Although these methods are capable of providing reliable estimates if some precautions are taken, they are cumbersome, time‐consuming and cost‐inefficient. A new approach has been to transmethylate lipids in situ . Due to its simplicity, high sensitivity, comparable reliability and capability to determine total fatty acids, the method of direct transmethylation is finding a unique place in lipid determination. Regardless of which method is used, quantitative methylation requires chemists to take precautions at every step involved, particularly during FAME formation and subsequent recovery steps. Evidently, there is an urgent need for more systematic studies, guided by the chemical principle of reactions involved and physicochemical properties of regents and end products, into factors affecting these steps. Hopefully, this will lead to an improved method, which measures lipid composition in biological materials not only with high accuracy but also with high efficiency and minimum costs.
Comparison of Different Biomass Pretreatment Techniques and Their Impact on Chemistry and Structure (2015)

Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass is a prerequisite to overcome recalcitrance and allow enzyme accessibility to cellulose and maximize product recovery for improved economics of second-generation lignocellulosic bio-refineries. Recently, the three US-DOE funded Bioenergy Research Centers (Joint Bioenergy Institute (JBEI), Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC), and BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)) compared ionic liquid (IL), dilute sulfuric acid (DA), and ammonia fiber expansion (AFEXTM) pretreatments and published comparative data on mass balance, total sugar yields, substrate accessibility, and microbial fermentation (Biotechnology for Biofuels 7: 71; 72 (2014)). In this study, corn stover solids from IL, DA, and AFEX pretreatments were compared to gain comprehensive, in-depth understanding of induced morphological and chemical changes incorporated to corn stover, and how they overcome the biomass recalcitrance. These studies reveal that biomass recalcitrance is overcome by combination of structural and chemical changes to carbohydrates and lignin after pretreatment. Thermal analysis indicates that AFEX and IL pretreated corn stover showed a lower thermal stability while DA pretreated corn stover showed the opposite. The surface roughness variations measured by SANS were correlated to the removal and redistribution of biomass components and was consistent with compositional analysis, AFM and confocal fluorescence imaging results. With AFM and confocal fluorescent microscopy, lignin was found to be re-deposited on cellulose surface with average cellulose fiber width significantly decreased for DA pretreated corn stover (one third of IL and AFEX). HSQC NMR spectra revealed a ~17.9% reduction of β-aryl ether units after AFEX, ~59.8% reduction after DA and >98% reduction after IL. Both NMR and SEC showed similar patterns of lignin depolymerization with highest degree of depolymerization observed for IL followed with DA and AFEX.
Metabolite Profiling Identified Methylerythritol Cyclodiphosphate Efflux as a Limiting Step in Microbial Isoprenoid Production (2012)

Isoprenoids are natural products that are all derived from isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). These precursors are synthesized either by the mevalonate (MVA) pathway or the 1-Deoxy-D-Xylulose 5-Phosphate (DXP) pathway. Metabolic engineering of microbes has enabled overproduction of various isoprenoid products from the DXP pathway including lycopene, artemisinic acid, taxadiene and levopimaradiene. To date, there is no method to accurately measure all the DXP metabolic intermediates simultaneously so as to enable the identification of potential flux limiting steps. In this study, a solid phase extraction coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (SPE UPLC-MS) method was developed. This method was used to measure the DXP intermediates in genetically engineered E. coli. Unexpectedly, methylerythritol cyclodiphosphate (MEC) was found to efflux when certain enzymes of the pathway were over-expressed, demonstrating the existence of a novel competing pathway branch in the DXP metabolism. Guided by these findings, ispG was overexpressed and was found to effectively reduce the efflux of MEC inside the cells, resulting in a significant increase in downstream isoprenoid production. This study demonstrated the necessity to quantify metabolites enabling the identification of a hitherto unrecognized pathway and provided useful insights into rational design in metabolic engineering.
A 1-V 299μW Flashing UWB Transceiver Based on Double Thresholding Scheme (2006)

This paper presents an ultra-wideband transceiver based on a newly proposed double thresholding scheme. The scheme does not require any precise synchronization and thus is practical in ad-hoc networks. The proposed architecture has high noise and multi-path fading signal immunities. All analog blocks are activated in a short period called 'flashing' to suppress total average power. A tested chip is manufactured using 0.15mum FD-SOI CMOS technology. The measured average power is 299muW at 25kbps data-rate over the distance of 35cm
Strategic Synthesis of Trimetallic Au@Pd@Pt Core−Shell Nanoparticles from Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-Based Aqueous Solution toward Highly Active Electrocatalysts (2011)

Our recent study has shown that Pluronic F127 triblock copolymer can assist the formation of unique Au@Pd@Pt triple-layered core−shell-structured nanoparticles consisting of a Au core, a Pd inner layer, and nanoporous Pt outer shell (J. Am. Chem. Soc.2010, 132, 13636). Pluronic F127 is a very typical surfactant that is commonly used in the synthesis of mesoporous silica and carbon, but Pluronic F127 is very rarely used for the synthesis of metallic nanostructures. Herein, we expand our previous concept to further demonstrate that such interesting Au@Pd@Pt nanoparticles can be easily synthesized by using poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) instead of Pluronic F127. PVP is a very typical capping and structure-directing agent used for the synthesis of various metallic nanostructures. The present synthetic route using a PVP-based aqueous solution will greatly contribute to the further design of multilayered metallic nanoarchitectures with designed compositions and desired functions. Furthermore, a detailed investigation on the electrocatalytic activity of the trimetallic nanoparticles is also performed.
The neurobiology of learning and memory: elucidation of the mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction. (1988)

This paper reviews evidence which suggests that there is a series of events at the synaptic level, beginning with synaptic activation, responsible for the formation of memories. Synaptic use above routine levels activates NMDA receptors which allows calcium influx into the neuron. Calcium appears to trigger changes in synapse and synaptic terminal shape (via cytoskeletal activation), and an increase in synaptic size (via new protein synthesis). New synapses ultimately form either de novo or by splitting, and new dendritic spines and dendritic length is added. Several forms of cognitive dysfunction, such as Downs syndrome, aging and Alzheimer's disease, and exposure to the neurotoxins lead or aluminum appear to involve, at least in part, disruptions in this process. Evidence is reviewed to support the theory that memories may involve alterations in specific sets of synapses located at specific dendritic locations; this theory may explain some of the learning and memory deficits seen in conditions resulting in cognitive dysfunction.
Anodic Oxidation of 2,6‐Dimethylphenol in Various Electrolytic Solutions (1987)

The electrolytic synthesis of poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenyleneoxide) (PPO), 3,3',5,5'‐tetramethyl‐4,4'‐diphenoquinone (TMDPQ), and 2,2',6,6'‐tetramethyl‐1,1'‐biphenol (TMBP) from 2,6‐dimethylphenol in various electrolytic solutions was carried out. They were characterized by chemical (using IR absorption spectroscopy, 1H‐and13C‐NMR technique, etc.) and electrochemical means. The results were compared with those obtained for the oxidative coupling of 2,6‐dimethylphenol in the presence of oxygen using a copper‐amine complex as the catalyst. The electrolysis conditions favorable for the preparation of the above compounds were as follows. The electrolysis at a Pt electrode in basic electrolytic solutions such as methanol and acetonitrile solutions is preferable for PPO preparation, while neutral acetonitrile solution is suitable for the preparation of TMDPQ and TMBP. In addition, on the basis of the results obtained, the possible mechanism of the anodic oxidation of 2,6‐dimethylphenol is discussed.
Pitfalls in gamma camera field uniformity correction (1974)

Serious errors can be made in attempting to carry out field uniformity corrections on some gamma cameras when a “flood” source is used which has a different gamma ray energy or which produces a widely different count-rate from the clinical study. Flood sources of 57Co and 133Ba are available commercially and are used to simulate the response of gamma cameras to 99Tcm and 131I respectively. These sources consist of the active material uniformly distributed in a plastic disc which is embedded in inactive plastic and enclosed in an aluminium envelope.
Novel schemes of CQI Feedback Compression based on Compressive Sensing for Adaptive OFDM Transmission (2011)

In multi-user wireless communication systems, adaptive modulation and scheduling are promising techniques for increasing the system throughput. However, a mass of wireless recourse will be occupied and spectrum efficiency will be decreased to feedback channel quality indication (CQI) of all users in every subcarrier or chunk for adaptive orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Thus numerous limited feedback schemes are proposed to reduce the system overhead. The recently proposed compressive sensing (CS) theory provides a new framework to jointly measure and compress signals that allows less sampling and storage resources than traditional approaches based on Nyquist sampling. In this paper, we proposed two novel CQI feedback schemes based on general CS and subspace CS, respectively, both of which could be used in a wireless OFDM system. The feedback rate with subspace CS is greatly decreased by exploiting the subspace information of the underlying signal. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods, with the same feedback rate, the throughputs with subspace CS outperform the discrete cosine transform (DCT) based method which is usually employed, and the throughputs with general CS outperform DCT when the feedback rate is larger than 0.13 bits/subcarrier.
Ray traces in a distributed-index planar microlens (1982)

In this paper ray-optical treatment in a planar microlens with 3-D distributed refractive index is presented. An integral form of the ray equation has been derived when the index distribution is expressed by the sum of decomposed functions of radial distance r and axial distance z as in actual fabricated devices. The integral equation is solved independently with respect to r and z, and an analytic form of the ray trace has been obtained in some cases. By applying the result to a planar microlens with index distribution which can be almost approximated by the profile assumed here, its optical properties such as focal length, numerical aperture, and spherical aberration have been estimated.
A Platform for Changing Legacy Application to Multi-tenant Model (2014)

In order to easily convert existing application to multi-tenant Software as a Service model, a Java migration platform is proposed. Firstly, the existing application is embed into the conversion platform and the single-tenant database was transformed to multitenant database by database transformation function. Secondly, each tenant's operation and data access was isolated in business and database layer by tenant filter function. Thirdly, combined with the certification and configuration functions in the SaaS conversion platform, the original system was converted to support multi-tenant SaaS system based on cloud computing with fer resource code updates. At last, a restaurant management system was migrated and functions and performances tests were taken to the migrated SaaS system. The results showed that the transformation had a lower manual workload, a shorter transformation lifecycle and a higher utilization of server resources.
Theory of rejection filters with ultranarrow bandwidths (1981)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Philip Baumeister, "Theory of rejection filters with ultranarrow bandwidths," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 71, 604-606 (1981) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Gas chemical adsorption characterization of lanthanide hexafluoroacetylacetonates (2017)

Newly-established adsorption enthalpy and entropy values of 12 lanthanide hexafluoroacetylacetonates, denoted Ln[hfac]4, along with the experimental and theoretical methodology used to obtain these values, are presented for the first time. The results of this work can be used in conjunction with theoretical modeling techniques to optimize a large-scale gas-phase separation experiment using isothermal chromatography. The results to date indicate average adsorption enthalpy and entropy values of the 12 Ln[hfac]4 complexes ranging from −33 to −139 kJ/mol K and −299 to −557 J/mol, respectively.
Multi-kilowatt Single-mode Ytterbium-doped Large-core Fiber Laser (2009)

We have demonstrated a highly efficient cladding-pumped ytterbium-doped fiber laser, generating <TEX>$>$</TEX>2.1 kW of continuous-wave output power at 1.1 μm with 74% slope efficiency with respect to launched pump power. The beam quality factor (<TEX>$M^2$</TEX>) was better than 1.2. The maximum output power was only limited by available pump power, showing no evidence of roll-over even at the highest output power. We present data on how the beam quality depends on the fiber parameter, based on our current and past fiber laser developments. We also discuss the ultimate power-capability of our fiber in terms of thermal management, Raman nonlinear scattering, and material damage, and estimate it to 10 kW.
Comparison of molecular profiles of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, placenta and adipose tissue (2015)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are clinically useful due to their capacity for self-renewal, their immunomodulatory properties and tissue regenerative potential. These cells can be isolated from various tissues and exhibit different potential for clinical applications according to their origin, and thus comparative studies on MSCs from different tissues are essential. In this study, we investigated the immunophenotype, proliferative potential, multilineage differentiation and immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs derived from different tissue sources, namely bone marrow, adipose tissue, the placenta and umbilical cord blood. The gene expression profiles of stemness-related genes [octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), sex determining region Y-box (SOX)2, MYC, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), NANOG, LIN28 and REX1] and lineage‑related and differentiation stage-related genes [B4GALNT1 (GM2/GS2 synthase), inhibin, beta A (INHBA), distal-less homeobox 5 (DLX5), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), proliferator‑activated receptor gamma (PPARG), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPA), bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) and SOX9] were compared using RT-PCR. No significant differences in growth rate, colony-forming efficiency and immunophenotype were observed. Our results demonstrated that MSCs derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue shared not only in vitro tri-lineage differentiation potential, but also gene expression profiles. While there was considerable inter-donor variation in DLX5 expression between MSCs derived from different tissues, its expression appears to be associated with the osteogenic potential of MSCs. Bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) significantly inhibited allogeneic T cell proliferation possibly via the high levels of the immunosuppressive cytokines, IL10 and TGFB1. Although MSCs derived from different tissues and fibroblasts share many characteristics, some of the marker genes, such as B4GALNT1 and DLX5 may be useful for the characterization of MSCs derived from different tissue sources. Collectively, our results suggest that, based on their tri-lineage differentiation potential and immunomodulatory effects, BM-MSCs and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (A-MSCs) represent the optimal stem cell source for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.