gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast PCRD-Opt computation in JPEG2000 (2010)

In this paper, an integer-based post-compression rate-distortion optimization (PCRD-Opt) algorithm for JPEG2000 rate control is presented. The distortion estimation described in the JPEG2000 standard requires non-integer processing, and the overwhelming computational burden on JPEG2000 is the distortion calculation, which is calculated for every bit of the uncompressed image. In this paper, an integer-based approach for distortion calculation is proposed. The proposed method reduces the computational requirements for PCRD-Opt within the Tier I encoder, as well as provides a more straightforward algorithm for embedded processing, requiring no distortion look-up tables (LUTs) for proper distortion computation. The proposed integer-based method improves upon the PCRD-Opt method described in the standard. Specifically, the proposed method reduces the Tier-I processing time from an offline implementation of PDRD-Opt utilizing LUTs by approximately 18% on average, and reduces the overall JPEG2000 processing by 15%. The proposed integer-based distortion estimation provides an equivalent rate-distortion (RD) curve as both the offline PCRD method described in the standard.
Cryodilation of thermoplastic PEBA elastomers (1991)

Abstract PEBA block copolymers, poly(ether‐block‐amide), containing low concentrations of polyamide are thermoplastic elastomers. These materials, when strained at room temperature and then relaxed, exhibit dilation during cooling to low temperatures (ca.–10°C). This effect, of the order of 5–15%, depending on the concentration of the different blocks, is due to oriented crystallization of the soft polyether segments.
Human Pose Estimation Using Global and Local Normalization (2017)

In this paper, we address the problem of estimating the positions of human joints, i.e., articulated pose estimation. Recent state-of-the-art solutions model two key issues, joint detection and spatial configuration refinement, together using convolutional neural networks. Our work mainly focuses on spatial configuration refinement by reducing variations of human poses statistically, which is motivated by the observation that the scattered distribution of the relative locations of joints (e.g., the left wrist is distributed nearly uniformly in a circular area around the left shoulder) makes the learning of convolutional spatial models hard. We present a two-stage normalization scheme, human body normalization and limb normalization, to make the distribution of the relative joint locations compact, resulting in easier learning of convolutional spatial models and more accurate pose estimation. In addition, our empirical results show that incorporating multi-scale supervision and multi-scale fusion into the joint detection network is beneficial. Experiment results demonstrate that our method consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods on the benchmarks.
Novel approach to high speed CMOS current comparators (1992)

A novel high speed CMOS integrated current comparator structure is presented which uses a source-follower input stage and a CMOS inverter as a positive feedback. It exhibits short propagation delay and occupies a small chip area.
Ultrastructural study of Chlamydia trachomatis surface antigens by immunogold staining with monoclonal antibodies (1987)

Surface antigens of Chlamydia trachomatis were studied by immunogold staining with monoclonal antibodies and by electron microscopy. The serovar- and subspecies-specific epitopes were the most surface accessible. The species- and genus-specific epitopes were the least surface exposed. Similar serological specificity as that in the microimmunofluorescence test was demonstrated by immunogold staining.
Modeling the Construct of an Expert Evidence-Adaptive Knowledge Base for a Pressure Injury Clinical Decision Support System (2017)

The selection of appropriate wound products for the treatment of pressure injuries is paramount in promoting wound healing. However, nurses find it difficult to decide on the most optimal wound product(s) due to limited live experiences in managing pressure injuries resulting from successfully implemented pressure injury prevention programs. The challenges of effective decision-making in wound treatments by nurses at the point of care are compounded by the yearly release of wide arrays of newly researched wound products into the consumer market. A clinical decision support system for pressure injury (PI-CDSS) was built to facilitate effective decision-making and selection of optimal wound treatments. This paper describes the development of PI-CDSS with an expert knowledge base using an interactive development environment, Blaze Advisor. A conceptual framework using decision-making and decision theory, knowledge representation, and process modelling guided the construct of the PI-CDSS. This expert system has incorporated the practical and relevant decision knowledge of wound experts in assessment and wound treatments in its algorithm. The construct of the PI-CDSS is adaptive, with scalable capabilities for expansion to include other CDSSs and interoperability to interface with other existing clinical and administrative systems. The algorithm was formatively evaluated and tested for usability. The treatment modalities generated after using patient-specific assessment data were found to be consistent with the treatment plan(s) proposed by the wound experts. The overall agreement exceeded 90% between the wound experts and the generated treatment modalities for the choice of wound products, instructions, and alerts. The PI-CDSS serves as a just-in-time wound treatment protocol with suggested clinical actions for nurses, based on the best evidence available.
BIOCHEMICAL AND CHROMATOGRAPHIC STUDIES OF CERTAIN ACTIVITIES ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN FIBRINOGEN PREPARATIONS* (1963)

During the examination of human plasminogenfree fibrinogen, a stable heterogeneity of human fibrinogen was revealed by DEAE cellulose chromatography (1). Biophysical and biochemical studies have indicated that differences between the distinguishable types of fibrinogen are small and are best demonstrated electrophoretically or chromatographically.
Quantum temporal imaging (2006)

The concept of quantum temporal imaging is proposed to manipulate the temporal correlation of entangled photons. In particular, we show that time correlation and anticorrelation can be converted to each other using quantum temporal imaging.
Biological response to titanium implants coated with nanocrystals calcium phosphate or type 1 collagen in a dog model (2012)

The obtained data failed to provide a consistent favourable effect on bone formation of the collagen coating over 3 months of implantation. It is concluded that the source of the collagen as well as the limited osseous environment overshadowed a possible effect of the applied implant surface modifications. Similarly, the tested nano-apatite surface coating did not improve peri-implant bone ingrowth into a gap-implant model.
Video Management in Peer-to-Peer Systems (2005)

Providing scalable video services in a peer-to-peer (P2P) environment is challenging. Since videos are typically large and require high communication bandwidth for delivery, many peers may be unwilling to cache them in whole to serve others. In this paper, the authors addressed two fundamental research problems in providing scalable P2P video services, namely (1) how a host can find enough video pieces, which may scatter among the whole system, to assemble a complete video, and (2) given a limited buffer size, what part of a video a host should cache. A new distributed video management technique was proposed. This scheme organizes hosts into a number of cells, each of which is a distinct set of hosts which together can supply a video in its entirety. A client looking for a video can stop its search as soon as it finds a host that caches any part of the video. Caching operations can be coordinated within each cell to balance data redundancy in the system. The extensive study on a Gnutella-like simulation network shows convincingly the performance advantage of the new scheme.
Vaporization through Porous Membranes (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVaporization through Porous MembranesM. E. FindleyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1967, 6, 2, 226–230Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260022a013https://doi.org/10.1021/i260022a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views962Altmetric-Citations163LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Feature Extraction and Tracking of CNN Segmentations for Improved Road Detection from Satellite Imagery (2019)

Road detection in high-resolution satellite images is an important and popular research topic in the field of image processing. In this paper, we propose a novel road extraction and tracking method based on road segmentation results from a convolutional network, providing improved road detection. The proposed method incorporates our previously proposed connected-tube marked point process (MPP) model and a post-tracking algorithm. We present experimental results on the Massachusetts roads dataset to show the performance of our method on road detection in remotely-sensed images.
Photosensitivity in tantalum-doped silica optical fibers (1995)

Photodarkening and photoinduced index changes are reported for the first time to our knowledge in tantalum-doped silica optical fibers exposed to KrF excimer laser emission at 248 nm. The UV absorption of the tantalum-doped preform features the tail of a strong absorption band below 200 nm. The 248-nm-induced absorption in the UV also features the tail of a band below 200 nm. Photodarkening at 900 nm shows signs of saturation after several excimer pulses and some recovery after each pulse. Using an external holographic writing technique at 248 nm, we also formed Bragg gratings at 1.55 μm in these fibers. The grating growth saturated after several pulses and displayed a fast decay component when writing was performed with a higher pulse rate. The decay is well fitted by a stretched exponential with β = 0.35.
Scheme for classification of heavy metal species in natural waters. Reply to comments (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTScheme for classification of heavy metal species in natural waters. Reply to commentsT. M. Florence and G. E. BatleyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 12, 1962–1963Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50062a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50062a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Repair, refold, recycle: how bacteria can deal with spontaneous and environmental damage to proteins (1995)

Proteins, like DNA, are subject to various forms of damage that can render them non-functional. Conformational changes and covalent chemical alterations occur spontaneously, and the rates of these reactions can be increased by environmental stresses such as heat, oxidative agents, or changes in pH or osmotic conditions. Although affected proteins can be replaced by de novo biosynthesis, cells--especially those subjected to stress or nutrient limitation--have developed mechanisms which can either restore damaged polypeptides to an active state or remove them. Such mechanisms can spare the biosynthetic capacity of the cell and ensure that the presence of non-functional molecules does not disrupt cell physiology. Three major mechanisms, which operate in bacteria as well as eukaryotic organisms, have been described. First, chaperones not only assist in proper de novo folding of proteins but also provide an important means of restoring activity to conformationally damaged proteins. Second, enzymatic 'repair' systems exist to directly reverse certain forms of protein damage, including proline isomerization, methionine oxidation and the formation of isoaspartyl residues. Finally, proteolysis provides a 'last-resort' means of dealing with abnormal proteins which cannot be repaired. Protein maintenance and repair may be of special importance for bacteria preparing to survive extended periods in stationary phase: both constitutive and induced mechanisms are utilized to permit survival despite greatly reduced protein synthesis.
The Archivist In American Scholarship (1939)

I S HE plain record of archival activity and development in the United States during the past few years indicates clearly that archival interests have been nationalized and professionalized. The new profession of archives has taken its place beside law, medicine, theology, history, political science, and other older arts in the pattern of American life. Like the lawyer, doctor, and historian, the archivist professes that he has the requisite special knowledge, mastery, and inclination for devoting his time and energy to the service of others by practicing his chosen art for considerations not wholly or primarily commercial. The archivist's conception of his true professional function and role has a vital relationship to the service, development, and prestige of his profession. Since it has provoked inadequate discussion and even disagreement, the professional role of the archivist in American culture merits careful examination and evaluation.
A review of telecollaboration technologies with respect to closely coupled collaboration (2007)

Many existing Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) systems have two major deficiencies. Firstly, they support the situation of face-to-face meetings poorly. Secondly, many systems deal badly with data sets and workspaces. This paper outlines the requirements for a class of CSCW tools that would focus on supporting closely coupled collaborative activity around shared objects. These requirements include the ability to refer to a common model of the shared space through speech and gesture and for each person to be able to manipulate objects within that space. Based on that, this paper describes the current state-of-the-art in collaborative technologies with a critique of how well they support the required collaborative activities. Essentially, this paper suggests that, as of now, only through immersive Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVE) we are close to being able to achieve the seamless collaboration that exists in a face to face meeting.
Generation of Functional Human Retinal Ganglion Cells with Target Specificity from Pluripotent Stem Cells by Chemically Defined Recapitulation of Developmental Mechanism (2016)

Glaucoma is a complex group of diseases wherein a selective degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) lead to irreversible loss of vision. A comprehensive approach to glaucomatous RGC degeneration may include stem cells to functionally replace dead neurons through transplantation and understand RGCs vulnerability using a disease in a dish stem cell model. Both approaches require the directed generation of stable, functional, and target-specific RGCs from renewable sources of cells, that is, the embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. Here, we demonstrate a rapid and safe, stage-specific, chemically defined protocol that selectively generates RGCs across species, including human, by recapitulating the developmental mechanism. The de novo generated RGCs from pluripotent cells are similar to native RGCs at the molecular, biochemical, functional levels. They also express axon guidance molecules, and discriminate between specific and nonspecific targets, and are nontumorigenic. Stem Cells 2017;35:572-585.
Solid‐phase modification of chitosan hydrogel membranes and permeability properties of modified chitosan membranes (1993)

Abstract A novel preparation method for modified chitosan membranes was developed. Chitosan hydrogel membranes were prepared by immersing an aqueous acetic acid solution of chitosan in KOH solution and modified with 3,3′‐dithiodipropionic acid (DTPA), which has a functional group that causes the thiol ⟷ disulfide transition through a redox reaction. It was smoothly modified with DTPA even in a solid‐phase modification when carbodiimides were used as the condensing reagents. The chitosan membrane modified with DTPA was reduced with tri‐ n ‐butyl phosphine (M SH membrane) and then oxidized with iodine (M SS membrane). Permeabilities of KCl, sucrose, and urea through these modified chitosan membranes were investigated. The permeability of urea was quite high and followed by KCl and sucrose in that order. The permeabilities of KCl and sucrose through the M SS membrane showed a decrease compared to those through the M SH membrane. The thiol ⟷ disulfide transition was responsible for changes in the permeabilities of KCl and sucrose. The permeability of urea was almost the same for both membrane systems, i.e., permeation of urea was not affected by the thiol ⟷ disulfide transition, probably due to the break of hydrogen bonding in the membranes. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Recent developments in low-temperature nuclear orientation (1990)

A review is given of the techniques associated with low-temperature thermal equilibrium nuclear orientation, detected using nuclear radiations. Following an introductory section that includes a historical summary, a brief description of the formalism and of some experimental aspects of nuclear orientation is presented. Various applications of nuclear orientation are then treated in detail, with emphasis on recent developments and new experiments in the field. The applications are grouped, according to the particular experimental techniques used, into static orientation, nuclear resonance methods, and time-dependent methods.
Improving the performance of parallel relaxation-based circuit simulators (1993)

Describes methods of increasing parallelism, thereby improving the performance, of waveform relaxation-based parallel circuit simulators. The key contribution is the use of parallel nonlinear relaxation and parallel model evaluation to solve large subcircuits that may lead to load balancing problems. These large subcircuits are further partitioned and solved on clusters of tightly-coupled multiprocessors. This paper describes a general hybrid/hierarchical approach for waveform relaxation, and then focuses on the implementation issues regarding parallel nonlinear relaxation and parallel model evaluation. A number of benchmark circuits are used to demonstrate the improved performance of this approach and its range of applicability in parallel circuit simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bilateral Postural Sway in Stroke Patients: New Parameters for Assessing and Predicting Locomotor Outcome (1991)

An innovative method of bilateral postural sway measurements was implemented on fifteen stroke patients, eight males and seven females (age range: 41-78 years) at five to forty-two weeks after sustaining their first stroke. The measurements were based on the foot-ground contact reaction forces and were performed with the help of two Kistler force platforms, one for each leg. This replaces earlier common methods in which postural sway was measured with both legs on one platform. From the measured foot-ground reaction forces, biomechanical parameters, including total sway activity (TSA), asymmetry, and relative sequence of the tangential force vectors (RSTFV), were defined. Good correlation with locomotor outcome of the patients studied was obtained when their RSTFV was closer to that of a matched group of normals. Low asymmetry and TSA values also correlated well with a higher locomotor outcome. It was, therefore, concluded that these parameters can be used as indicators for monitoring and for prognosis of the locomotor functional outcome of post-stroke patients.
<title>Organic polymer light-emitting devices on plastic substrates</title> (1999)

In this paper, we describe a high-performance organic polymer light-emitting device (OLED) fabricated on the ITO coated plastic substrates. The device, using air-stable Al as the cathode, has a bi-layer structure consisting of a hole transporting (amine-fluorene) and an emissive (benzothiadiazole-fluorene) conjugated polymer layers prepared by the spin-coating technique. Device shows a green light emission (approximately 570 nm), and has a good brightness (greater than 400 cd/m<SUP>2</SUP>), acceptable emission efficiency (greater than 6.4 cd/A), and high external quantum efficiency (greater than 1.8%).
Some genetic and non-genetic effects on the first oestrus and pregnancy rate of beef heifers (1986)

Comparative hemodynamic studies, making use of different techniques, have demonstrated that tetrapolar transthoracic rheoplethysmography is a very accurate instrument of determining effective stroke volume in cases of mitral regurgitation, and that the latter can be detected by echocardiography and rheoplethysmography. Intracardiac hemodynamic disorders can be assessed on the basis of echographic estimates of left-atrial mean dynamic pressure.
Oxygen Atom Transfer from Nitrite Mediated by Fe(III) Porphyrins in Aqueous Solution (2008)

Aqueous solutions of the iron(III) porphyrin complex FeIII(TPPS) (1, TPPS = tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)-porphyrinato) and nitrite ion react with various substrates S to generate the ferrous nitrosyl complex FeII(TPPS)(NO) (2) plus oxidized substrate. When S is a water-soluble sulfonated phosphine, the product is the resulting monoxide. When air is introduced to the product solutions, 2 is rapidly reoxidized to 1; however, even in the absence of air, there is a slow regeneration of the ferric species with concomitant production of nitrous oxide. Thus, in an anaerobic aqueous environment, FeIII(TPPS) catalyzes oxygen atom transfer from nitrite ion to substrates with the eventual formation of N2O.