gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Circularly Polarized Transmitting Antenna For U. H. F. (1978)

This paper describes a combined panel antenna with an aperture of about eight wavelengths The combined antenna consists of a zigzag antenna and two collinear arrays. This antenna can be used to radiate vertically polarized, horizontally polarized waves or both, When properly phased it can be used to transmit or receive circularly polarized waves,
Multi-Mode Multi-User MIMO System with Finite Rate Feedback (2006)

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission techniques improve spectral efficiency and/or reliability over wireless communications link. Spatial division multiple access (SDMA, or called multi-user MIMO) is a potential solution to achieve high system throughput among various MIMO approaches. However, rank deficiency of the varying wireless channel degrades the throughput performance of SDMA. Moreover, when the number of users with non-empty traffic buffers in a sector is small, multi-user MIMO suffers performance loss caused by receiver difference: linear receiver vs. successive interference cancellation (SIC) receiver. Multi-user MIMO solution is difficult to support SIC receivers due to the causal/sequential decoding, whereas single user MIMO could easily extended to SIC receiver case. In this paper, we propose a preceded multi-user MIMO transmission scheme with rank selection and single user/multi-user MIMO mode switch, which is called multi-mode per-user unitary rate control (multi-mode PU <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> RC). Feedback from each mobile station to base station is quantified and the limited feedback rate is always preferred at the expense of minimum performance degradation. Simulation results reveal that our proposed scheme outperforms multi-mode single-user schemes, single-mode multi-user MIMO schemes and single user MIMO schemes with SIC receivers altogether in terms of the achievable throughput bound.
Locating Anomalies Using Bayesian Factorizations and Masks (2011)

Abstract. A plethora of methods have been developed to handle anomaly detection in various application domains. This work focuses on locating anomalies inside a categorical data set without assuming any specific domain knowledge. By exploiting the conditional dependence and independence relationships among data attributes, not only can data analysts recognize the anomaly, but also locate the potentially anomalous attributes inside an anomalous instance following its masks. Masks are geometrically generated based on the factorization of the joint probability from a Bayesian network automatically learnt from the given data set. 1
A New Yeast, <i>Malassezia yamatoensis</i>, Isolated from a Patient with Seborrheic Dermatitis, and Its Distribution in Patients and Healthy Subjects (2004)

Over the last few years, new Malassezia species have been found regularly in Japanese subjects. We isolated another new Malassezia species from a Japanese patient with seborrheic dermatitis (SD), and named it M. yamatoensis. In its physiological characteristics and the utilization of Tween by M. yamatoensis is similar to that of M. furfur and M. dermatis. It is distinguished by its growth temperature. To examine the distribution of the microorganism in the skin of patients with SD and atopic dermatitis (AD), and healthy subjects, we applied transparent dressings to the skin, and detected M. yamatoensis DNA using a non-culture-based method that consisted of nested PCR with specific primers. M. yamatoensis DNA was detected from 3 of 31 SD patients (9.7%), 5 of 36 AD patients (13.9%), and 1 of 22 healthy subjects (4.6%). Therefore, M. yamatoensis is a rare member of the cutaneous microflora.
Evaluation of external RNA controls for the standardisation of gene expression biomarker measurements (2010)

ERCC RNA standards provide a generic means of evaluating different aspects of platform performance, and can provide information on the technical variation associated with quantification of biomarkers expressed at different levels of physiological abundance. Distinct panels of standards serve as an ideal quality control tool kit for determining the accuracy of fold change cut-off threshold and the impact of experimentally-derived noise on the discrimination of normal and disease profiles.
Vapor pressures of isotopic molecules (1963)

It is apparent that major progress has been made both in the experimental and theoretical study of the vapor pressures of isotopic molecules in the last five years. Vapor pressure measurements are being made in different laboratories by different methods which agree with one another within a few hundredths of one percent. The theory has advanced to the point where a large body of experimental data can be systematized and understood. Quantitative calculations have been carried out which verify the mass, temperature, and potential energy dependence aspects of the theory. An old subject has been revived by advances in modern experimental and theoretical methods and is now useful for the study of quantum effects and structural effects in liquids and solids.
A Depth-Encoding PET Detector Inserting Glass Plate Between Crystal Layers (2014)

This study introduces a depth-encoding PET detector inserting a glass plate between the pixilated scintillation crystal layers. The principle of the proposed design was that the relative amount of light received by each photosensor will be altered by using the glass plate. This change in the light distribution can generate a pattern diagram of the 2D flood histogram that identifies depth position as well as X-Y position of γ-ray interaction. A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted for the assessment of the DOI-PET detector of 4 ×4 array photosensor coupled with 2-layers of LSO arrays which consist of 4 ×4 arrays of 3 ×3 ×10 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> discrete crystals. The traced light distribution for each event was converted by the modified resistive charge division networks into the 2D flood histogram. Optical glass plates with 11 different thicknesses that range from 0 to 10 mm with a 1 mm step were modeled. This was done, to estimate the thickness which allows the extraction of the depth information from the 2D flood histogram. An experimental study was performed to acquire the flood histograms of the DOI-PET detectors with 3 and 5 mm thick glass plate. The effect of glass plate on light loss and count rate loss were assessed for two detector configurations with and without glass plate. The simulation results showed that the flood histogram without overlapping of each crystal position can be generated for the detectors by inserting the glass plates with thickness of 3 ~ 10 mm. They were also demonstrated in the acquired representative flood histograms which were obtained by the experimental study. The light and count rate losses measured from DOI-PET detector with 3 mm thick glass plate was ~ 5% and ~ 2%, respectively. This study demonstrated that the proposed DOI-PET detector can extract the 3D γ-ray interaction position without considerable performance degradations of PET detector from the 2D flood histogram.
Comments on earthquake-induced soil pressures (1975)

The basic input parameters required for the analysis of a dynamic soil-structure interaction problem are seldom known with any degree of precision. Many soilretaining structures will be of insufficient importance to warrant more than a very basic soil investigation and only in exceptional circumstances would a soil investigation be sufficiently detailed to enable a good prediction of the soil behaviour under dynamic loading. Uncertainty exists regarding the magnitude and frequency composition of incoming earthquake waves at any particular site. At the present time the nature of the mechanism generating the waves is not precisely known and no satisfactory method exists for predicting the modifying effects of the geology along the travel paths. Even if generation and modification of the earthquake waves could be accurately modelled, uncertainty would exist regarding the relative location of possible epicentres for major earthquakes. In view of the limitations in the basic input parameters, the estimation of earthquakeinduced pressures by approximate methods such as the Mononobe-Okabe can be frequently justified. However, it is important to appreciate the basic assumptions of the Mononobe-Okabe method and the limitations of its applicability.
Bulk Glassy Fe<SUB>78-x</SUB>Co<SUB>x</SUB>Ga<SUB>2</SUB>P<SUB>12</SUB>C<SUB>4</SUB>B<SUB>4</SUB> Alloys with High Saturation Magnetization and Good Soft Magnetic Properties (2001)

The effect of Co on the magnetic properties and glass-forming ability for the Fe78−xCoxGa2P12C4B4 glassy alloys was investigated. The addition of 4 to 8 at%Co was found to be effective for the extension of the supercooled liquid region (ΔTx) defined by the difference between the glass transition temperature (Tg) and crystallization temperature (Tx). The ΔTx value is 26 K for the Fe78Ga2P12C4B4 alloy and increases to 37 K for the 4 at%Co alloy. Besides, the addition of a small amount of Co was also found to be effective for increasing the saturation magnetization (Is) and decreasing the coercive force (Hc). These glassy ribbon alloys exhibit good soft magnetic properties of 1.36 to 1.43 T for saturation magnetization and 1.5 to 1.8 A/m for coercive force. The largest saturation magnetization (Is) is 1.43 T for Fe74Co4Ga2P12C4B4 alloy. Based on its large ΔTx, we tried to prepare bulk glassy Fe74Co4Ga2P12C4B4 rods in a cylindrical form with different diameters. The glassy single phase was obtained in the diameter of 0.5 and 1.0 mm. These bulk glassy alloys also exhibit high saturation magnetization of about 1.42 T.
MEGAnnotator: a user-friendly pipeline for microbial genomes assembly and annotation (2016)

Genome annotation is one of the key actions that must be undertaken in order to decipher the genetic blueprint of organisms. Thus, a correct and reliable annotation is essential in rendering genomic data valuable. Here, we describe a bioinformatics pipeline based on freely available software programs coordinated by a multithreaded script named MEGAnnotator (Multithreaded Enhanced prokaryotic Genome Annotator). This pipeline allows the generation of multiple annotated formats fulfilling the NCBI guidelines for assembled microbial genome submission, based on DNA shotgun sequencing reads, and minimizes manual intervention, while also reducing waiting times between software program executions and improving final quality of both assembly and annotation outputs. MEGAnnotator provides an efficient way to pre-arrange the assembly and annotation work required to process NGS genome sequence data. The script improves the final quality of microbial genome annotation by reducing ambiguous annotations. Moreover, the MEGAnnotator platform allows the user to perform a partial annotation of pre-assembled genomes and includes an option to accomplish metagenomic data set assemblies. MEGAnnotator platform will be useful for microbiologists interested in genome analyses of bacteria as well as those investigating the complexity of microbial communities that do not possess the necessary skills to prepare their own bioinformatics pipeline.
Concentración de pesticidas organoclorados en sarrios ("Rupicapra rupicapra) del Parque Nacional de Ordesa y Monte Perdido (1993)

Se exponen los resultados de los analisis de quince pesticidas organoclorados en suero de nueve sarrios capturados en el Parque Nacional de Ordesa y Monte Perdido. Si bien las concentraciones son bajas (entre 5.355 y 61. 233 /-lg!L) , se han detectado los 15 compuestos organoclorados.
Human immunodeficiency virus infection related to blood transfusion service. (1994)

The prevalence of transmissible viruses, human immunodeficiency (HIV) and hepatitis B (HBV) in blood donors, recipients and blood bank staff in a Calcutta (eastern India) based blood bank and transfusion centre has been studied from 1987-93. HIV seropositivity of blood donors was of recent emergence and was low. Recipients of blood and blood components frequently i.e., haemophilics showed a progressive increase in HIV seropositivity since 1988 whereas in thalassaemics the emergence of HIV seropositivity was noted only in 1992. Blood bank staff were seronegative. HBV which has a similar portal of entry as HIV, had a higher prevalence in blood donors, recipients of blood/components and blood bank staff.
Computerized Ultrasonic Imaging Inspection: From Shallow to Deep Learning (2018)

For many decades, ultrasonic imaging inspection has been adopted as a principal method to detect multiple defects, e.g., void and corrosion. However, the data interpretation relies on an inspector's subjective judgment, thus making the results vulnerable to human error. Nowadays, advanced computer vision techniques reveal new perspectives on the high-level visual understanding of universal tasks. This research aims to develop an efficient automatic ultrasonic image analysis system for nondestructive testing (NDT) using the latest visual information processing technique. To this end, we first established an ultrasonic inspection image dataset containing 6849 ultrasonic scan images with full defect/no-defect annotations. Using the dataset, we performed a comprehensive experimental comparison of various computer vision techniques, including both conventional methods using hand-crafted visual features and the most recent convolutional neural networks (CNN) which generate multiple-layer stacking for representation learning. In the computer vision community, the two groups are referred to as shallow and deep learning, respectively. Experimental results make it clear that the deep learning-enabled system outperformed conventional (shallow) learning schemes by a large margin. We believe this benchmarking could be used as a reference for similar research dealing with automatic defect detection in ultrasonic imaging inspection.
Immunomodulatory Effects of Inactivated Parapoxvirus Ovis (Orf Virus) on Human Peripheral Immune Cells: Induction of Cytokine Secretion in Monocytes and Th1-Like Cells (2004)

Inactivated parapoxvirus ovis (Orf virus; PPVO) recently displayed strong immunostimulating and modulating capacities in several animal models for acute and chronic virus infections through the induction of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) as a key mediator of antiviral activity. The data presented in this work demonstrate that inactivated PPVO has strong effects on cytokine secretion by human immune cells, including the upregulation of inflammatory and Th1-related cytokines (IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha], interleukin 6 [IL-6], IL-8, IL-12, and IL-18) as well as anti-inflammatory and Th2-related cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IL-1 receptor antagonist [IL-1ra]). Studies on the mechanism of action revealed virus particles to be the effective components of the preparation. The virus particles activate monocytes or other antigen-presenting cells (APC), e.g., plasmacytoid dendritic cells, through signaling over CD14 and a Toll-like receptor and the intracellular presence of certain PPVO-specific components. The activation of monocytes or APC is followed by the release of early proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-8) as well as the Th1-related cytokines IL-12 and IL-18. Both IL-18 and IL-12 are involved in PPVO-mediated IFN-gamma release by T cells and/or NK cells. The proinflammatory response is accompanied by the induction of anti-inflammatory and Th2-related cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IL-1ra), which exert a limiting efffect on the inflammatory response induced by PPVO. We conclude that the induction of a natural immune response with physiologically significant amounts of different cytokines and with antiviral potential might provide advantages over existing antiviral immunotherapies.
Tandem Duplications and Large‐Scale Deletions of Mitochondrial DNA Are Early Molecular Events of Human Aging Processa (1996)

Large-scale deletions and tandem duplications of mtDNA, which were originally identified in the patients with KSS or CPEO, have recently been found, although with lower abundance, in various tissues of aged individuals. By use of PCR techniques with back-to-back primers, we demonstrated for the first time that small tandem duplications occur in the D-loop of mtDNA in an age-dependent manner in human tissues. A total of 10 types of such tandem duplications were identified and confirmed by primer-shift PCR and DNA sequencing. Based on the sequence characteristics of the junction sites, we classified these small tandem duplications into 3 groups. Most of the tandem duplications were found to occur at hot spots containing poly C runs, and the number of C residues exhibited wide variations in type I, II, V, VI, VII, and VIII duplications. These observations suggest that these tandem duplications may be generated through similar recombination mechanisms. Among them, type I, II, III, IV and IX duplications were found to occur more frequently and abundantly in aging human tissues. They were not detectable in muscle, testis or skin tissues of young subjects or blood cells from subjects of any age. On the other hand, we also analyzed the samples for the aging-associated 4,977-bp and 7,436-bp mtDNA deletions. The results showed that these two deletions and some of the small tandem duplications could occur alone or in different combinations in human tissues in the aging process. From our data, no clear association between tandem duplications and large-scale deletions of mtDNA could be established. However, one common and important observation is that the incidence and abundance of some of the tandem duplications as well as the large-scale deletions were increased in an age-dependent manner. On the basis of these findings and data reported from this and other laboratories, we propose that tandem duplications and large-scale deletions of mtDNA are early molecular events of the human aging process.
Technology comparison for large last-level caches (L<sup>3</sup>Cs): Low-leakage SRAM, low write-energy STT-RAM, and refresh-optimized eDRAM (2013)

Large last-level caches (L <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> Cs) are frequently used to bridge the performance and power gap between processor and memory. Although traditional processors implement caches as SRAMs, technologies such as STT-RAM (MRAM), and eDRAM have been used and/or considered for the implementation of L <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> Cs. Each of these technologies has inherent weaknesses: SRAM is relatively low density and has high leakage current; STT-RAM has high write latency and write energy consumption; and eDRAM requires refresh operations. As future processors are expected to have larger last-level caches, the goal of this paper is to study the trade-offs associated with using each of these technologies to implement L <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> Cs. In order to make useful comparisons between SRAM, STTRAM, and eDRAM L <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> Cs, we model them in detail and apply low power techniques to each of these technologies to address their respective weaknesses. We optimize SRAM for low leakage and optimize STT-RAM for low write energy. Moreover, we classify eDRAM refresh-reduction schemes into two categories and demonstrate the effectiveness of using dead-line prediction to eliminate unnecessary refreshes. A comparison of these technologies through full-system simulation shows that the proposed refresh-reduction method makes eDRAM a viable, energy-efficient technology for implementing L <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> Cs.
Linear programming offers way to optimize pipeline analysis (1983)

The use of linear programming in the engineering analysis of pipeline systems provides a uniquely flexible tool to the design engineer. With a single model, the user can analyze the different features (pressure losses, compression, and flows) of gathering, transmission, and distribution systems. Some of the linear-programming studies being performed by Michigan Wisconsin include fuel minimization, gathering system modeling, capacity analysis, and facility design. Other applications are annual gas scheduling, storage field operation, and scheduling planned outages.
Neuroleptics from the 4a,9b-cis- and 4a,9b-trans-2,3,4,4a,5,9b-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole series. 2 (1986)

Compounds derived from 4a,9b-trans-2,3,4,4a,5,9b-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[4, 3-b]indole are consistently efficacious in displacing [3H]spiroperidol from striatal dopamine receptors in vitro. Derivatives bearing substituents at position 2, particularly those derived from butyrophenone moieties, are exceptionally potent in vivo. Compounds from the corresponding 4a,9b-cis series are substantially less potent in both in vivo and in vitro assays of neuroleptic activity. Although the cis and trans derivatives have, in some conformations, similar basic nitrogen atom to aromatic ring separations of about 5.1 A, the distance at which the basic nitrogen atom lies above or below the plane of the aromatic ring differs substantially between the two series. Consideration of these results in terms of this and earlier work indicates that the out-of-plane distance for the basic nitrogen in neuroleptic molecules may range from about 0 to about 0.90 A but may be optimized at about 0.55 A.
One case of Jungkijeung assuming an aspect of pseudoseizure (2005)

We experienced an improved case of Jungkijeung assuming an aspect of pseudo seizure with Oriental medical treatment. For diagnosis of Jungkijeung(中氣證), first of all, we must take one's physicals actively using occidental diagnostic machinery and tools, In result, we can diagnose Jungkijeung(中氣證) in case of normal. In treatment of Jungkijeung(中氣證), it is considered that oriental psychotherapy and oriental medical treatment(herb-med, acupuncture, etc.) are more effective than occidental.
Quantitation of T‐cell receptor Vβ chain expression on lymphocytes from blood, brain, and spinal fluid in patients with multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases (1992)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system in which large numbers of T cells enter the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). To determine whether these cells represent restricted populations, we studied expression of T-cell receptor V beta chains on paired samples from the central nervous system and blood of patients with MS or other neurological diseases (OND) using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The distribution of V beta chain expression in blood was skewed, with a significant preponderance of message from V beta genes 1 through 8 (p = 0.0001). Such skewing was not present in samples from the CSF and brain. Patterns of V beta gene expression were different among paired samples from spinal fluid and blood and were relatively heterogeneous. Blood and CSF samples from a patient with acute meningitis were studied on two separate occasions. The patterns of V beta expression changed over 72 hours in both the blood and the CSF. With one exception, no oligoclonal populations of T cells were observed nor were there disease-specific patterns of V beta gene expression in the blood or CSF. Samples from 2 MS brains and 1 OND brain expressed patterns of V beta genes that were different and less heterogeneous than those in paired blood. In addition, expression of V beta 12 was remarkably increased in the 2 MS brains, suggesting a selective recruitment or expansion of T cells expressing this gene. These data demonstrate that populations of T cells from blood, spinal fluid, and brain differ from one another and can fluctuate during periods of acute inflammation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)