gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure–Activity Studies on Splitomicin Derivatives as Sirtuin Inhibitors and Computational Prediction of Binding Mode (2008)

NAD (+)-dependent histone deacetylases (sirtuins) are enzymes that cleave acetyl groups from lysines in histones and other proteins. Potent selective sirtuin inhibitors are interesting tools for the investigation of the biological functions of those enzymes and may be future drugs for the treatment of cancer. Splitomicin was among the first two inhibitors that were discovered for yeast sirtuins but showed rather weak inhibition on human enzymes. We present detailed structure-activity relationships on splitomicin derivatives and their inhibition of recombinant Sirt2. To rationalize our experimental results, ligand docking followed by molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann/surface area (MM-PBSA) calculations were carried out. These analyses suggested a molecular basis for the interaction of the beta-phenylsplitomicins with human Sirt2. Protein-based virtual screening resulted in the identification of a novel Sirt2 inhibitor chemotype. Selected inhibitors showed antiproliferative properties and tubulin hyperacetylation in MCF7 breast cancer cells and are promising candidates for further optimization as potential anticancer drugs.
Specialist Financings: Asset Securitization (2004)

Many treasurers find that at some time in their careers they are required to put some form of specialist financing in place. This financing may be a securitization of some of the company's assets, a sale and leaseback of properties, or the stand-alone financing of a project. This chapter attempts to give the reader a broad introduction to some of the principal considerations that are involved in these specialist types of finance by looking at the basic elements of asset securitization. It does so by addressing the following questions: What are the basic elements in a securitization? Why should companies consider such a financing and what are its benefits? What are the obstacles to a successful securitization?
Location and head orientation tracking in GPS-denied environments (2018)

Wayfinding has been investigated by multiple researchers in the context of a Landmark-to-Route-to-Survey learning construct that relies on multiple and – across the population – varying cognitive mechanisms. The development of GPS-based cellphone navigation aids has made wayfinding easier for most situations, though for First Responders and Ground Warfighters, the need to navigate in GPS-denied environments without such assistance may compromise their ability to get their job done as well as their safety. We will discuss wayfinding research and look at bio-inspired navigation methods because they may point us to navigation solutions that do not rely on GPS. Finally, we will discuss a hybrid inertial and visual navigation and tracking system that we have integrated into an augmented reality ensemble for high stress, GPS-denied applications with some recommendations for future growth.
Characteristics of ZrO2-Type Oxygen Sensors for Automotive Applications (1979)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The characteristics of ZrO<sub>2</sub>-type oxygen sensors for closed-loop control of the air-fuel mixture for automotive engines were investigated. New sensors, sensors tested in dynamometers and road vehicles, and lead-poisoned sensors were characterized as to their performance in terms of voltage output, switching response, internal resistance and voltage-λ switching behavior. New sensors behaved as ideal sensors at temperatures above 400°C, and behaved non-ideally at temperatures below 350°C. Sensors subjected to dynamometer and vehicle tests showed a gradual degradation in output voltage and steepness of their voltage-λ switch. Their internal resistances and lean-to-rich switching times increased with use while the rich-to-lean switching times decreased. Self-recovery of a sensor from lead poisoning occurred during subsequent vehicle operation with lead-free fuel.</div>
3D Model Segmentation and Representation with Implicit Polynomials (2008)

When large-scale and complex 3D objects are obtained by range finders, it is often necessary to represent them by algebraic surfaces for such purposes as data compression, multi-resolution, noise elimination, and 3D recognition. Representing the 3D data with algebraic surfaces of an implicit polynomial (IP) has proved to offer the advantages that IP representation is capable of encoding geometric properties easily with desired smoothness, few parameters, algebraic/geometric invariants, and robustness to noise and missing data. Unfortunately, generating a high-degree IP surface for a whole complex 3D shape is impossible because of high computational cost and numerical instability. In this paper we propose a 3D segmentation method based on a cut-and-merge approach. Two cutting procedures adopt low-degree IPs to divide and fit the surface segments simultaneously, while avoiding generating high-curved segments. A merging procedure merges the similar adjacent segments to avoid over-segmentation. To prove the effectiveness of this segmentation method, we open up some new vistas for 3D applications such as 3D matching, recognition, and registration.
High Spectral Efficiency Coherent Optical OFDM for 1 Tb/s Ethernet Transport (2009)

Coherent optical OFDM (CO-OFDM) is considered as a pathway toward future 1-Tb/s Ethernet transport. CO-OFDM over the multimode-fiber is envisaged as a candidate to overcome the capacity barrier of 100-Tb/s per fiber for long-haul transmission.
Memory system behavior of Java programs (2000)

This paper studies the memory system behavior of Java programs by analyzing memory reference traces of several SPECjvm98 applications running with a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler. Trace information is collected by an exception-based tracing tool called JTRACE, without any instrumentation to the Java programs or the JIT compiler. First, we find that the overall cache miss ratio is increased due to garbage collection, which suffers from higher cache misses compared to the application. We also note that going beyond 2-way cache associativity improves the cache miss ratio marginally. Second, we observe that Java programs generate a substantial amount of short-lived objects. However, the size of frequently-referenced long-lived objects is more important to the cache performance, because it tends to determine the application's working set size. Finally, we note that the default heap configuration which starts from a small initial heap size is very inefficient since it invokes a garbage collector frequently. Although the direct costs of garbage collection decrease as we increase the available heap size, there exists an optimal heap size which minimizes the total execution time due to the interaction with the virtual memory performance.
Modeling user posting behavior on social media (2012)

User generated content is the basic element of social media websites. Relatively few studies have systematically analyzed the motivation to create and share content, especially from the perspective of a common user. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive analysis of user posting behavior on a popular social media website, Twitter. Specifically, we assume that user behavior is mainly influenced by three factors: breaking news, posts from social friends and user's intrinsic interest, and propose a mixture latent topic model to combine all these factors. We evaluated our model on a large-scale Twitter dataset from three different perspectives: the perplexity of held-out content, the performance of predicting retweets and the quality of generated latent topics. The results were encouraging, our model clearly outperformed its competitors.
Angular multiplexing as a technique for short-pulse amplification in a high-gain xenon amplifier (1978)

It has been proposed that the technique of angular multiplexing could provide an efficient scheme for extracting short pulses from a high-gain laser with a high degree of spatial and temporal control of the extracted laser beam. The scheme of angular multiplexing proposes to amplify short laser pulses (∼1 nsec) by sequentially passing these pulses through the amplifier at slightly different angles. The intensity of each pulse must be sufficient to control amplified spontaneous emission and to extract a significant fraction of the available energy. The experimental demonstration of this technique on the high-gain xenon laser is described here. The measurements were made for a two-pulse train with each pulse width shorter than the amplifier gain period. The results of this experiment indicate that for an optimum pulse separation and input pulse intensity, a major fraction of the available laser energy could be extracted efficiently by the pulse train without significant pulse distortion.
Differential Testing for Software. (1998)

Differential testing, a form of random testing, is a component of a mature testing technology for large software systems. It complements regression testing based on commercial test suites and tests locally developed during product development and deployment. Differential testing requires that two or more comparable systems be available to the tester. These systems are presented with an exhaustive series of mechanically generated test cases. If (we might say when) the results differ or one of the systems loops indefinitely or crashes, the tester has a candidate for a bug-exposing test. Implementing differential testing is an interesting technical problem. Getting it into use is an even more interesting social challenge. This paper is derived from experience in differential testing of compilers and run-time systems at DIGITAL over the last few years and recently at Compaq. A working prototype for testing C compilers is available on the web.
Use of a New Portable Instrumented Impactor on the NASA Composite Crew Module Damage Tolerance Program (2014)

Damage tolerance performance is critical to composite structures because surface impacts at relatively low energies may result in a significant strength loss. For certification, damage tolerance criteria require aerospace vehicles to meet design loads while containing damage at critical locations. Data from standard small coupon testing are difficult to apply to larger more complex structures. Due to the complexity of predicting both the impact damage and the residual properties, damage tolerance is demonstrated primarily by testing. A portable, spring-propelled, impact device was developed which allows the impact damage response to be investigated on large specimens, full-scale components, or entire vehicles. During impact, both the force history and projectile velocity are captured. The device was successfully used to demonstrate the damage tolerance performance of the NASA Composite Crew Module. The impactor was used to impact 18 different design features at impact energies up to 35 J. Detailed examples of these results are presented, showing impact force histories, damage inspection results, and response to loading.
Thiazide diuretics and the risk of hip fracture. Results from the Framingham Study (1991)

Thiazide diuretics may preserve bone mass and prevent elderly women's osteopenic fractures, but studies have not distinguished between thiazide preparations or examined former users. We performed a case-control study looking at thiazide use and subsequent hip fracture in postmenopausal female members of the Framingham Study cohort. Cases who had experienced a first hip fracture (n = 176) were compared with age-matched controls (n = 672). Results showed a modest protective effect of any recent thiazide use (not significant). However, recent pure thiazide users experienced significant protection against fracture (adjusted odds ratio, 0.31; 95% confidence interval, 0.11 to 0.88), whereas recent users of combination drugs containing thiazides experienced no protection (adjusted odds ratio, 1.16; 95% confidence interval, 0.44 to 3.05). Combination drugs generally contained only 25 mg of hydrochlorothiazide, suggesting that the small amount of thiazide was insufficient to preserve bone mass. Former thiazide users were not protected against fracture. In sum, recent pure thiazide use in women protects against hip fracture. (JAMA. 1991;265:370-373)
Investigation into Strengthening Methods for Stabilizing Wellbores in Fractured Formations (2006)

Abstract Over the last decades, drilling through fractured and unstable formations has proven to be challenging, specially in terms of wellbore instability. Stability of boreholes in these scenarios requires a careful consideration of in-situ stresses, rock strength, pore pressure, wellbore fluid pressure and drilling fluid characteristics. This issue is more critical and complex in fractured rocks, because of the need to consider more parameters than in other kinds of rocks. In fractured formations, fractures play an important role and rock wedges movement controls the instability. Also, fractures fillings are of paramount importance. In spite of this fact, there are only a few studies on stability of fractured rocks and their strengthening methods. The present paper aims to provide insights into wellbore stabilization in fractured rocks. A broad literature review was conducted on existing formation strengthening methods and their effectiveness for fractured formations. The work concludes with some recommendations for these kinds of formations and proposed topics for additional research and development.
Exploration of edge-dependent optical selection rules for graphene nanoribbons (2011)

Optical selection rules for one-dimensional graphene nanoribbons are explored based on the tight-binding model. A theoretical explanation, through analyzing the velocity matrix elements and the features of the wavefunctions, can account for the selection rules, which depend on the edge structure of the nanoribbon, i.e., armchair or zigzag edges. The selection rule of armchair nanoribbons is ΔJ = Jc - Jv = 0, and the optical transitions occur from the conduction to the valence subbands of the same index. Such a selection rule originates in the relationships between two sublattices and between the conduction and valence subbands. On the other hand, zigzag nanoribbons exhibit the selection rule |ΔJ| = odd, which results from the alternatively changing symmetry property as the subband index increases. Furthermore, an efficient theoretical prediction on transition energies is obtained by the application of selection rules, and the energies of the band-edge states become experimentally attainable via optical measurements.
Potential and Optimal Target Fixating Control of the Human Head/Eye Complex (2014)

The human head and eye rotate in coordination to rapidly project images of stationary targets from the visual space. Once a target is fixated, the head/eye complex maintains stability of the image, even while the head continues to move toward the target. The orientation of the head is constrained by Donders' law, whereas the final orientation of the eye satisfies Listing's constraint with respect to the final orientation of the head. The eye is rotated opposite to the movement of the head to compensate and maintain image stability. Using dynamic modeling, this brief investigates the underlying target fixating control mechanisms behind the head and eye movements. Finally, model output trajectories of the head and eye are compared with the corresponding experimentally observed trajectories.
The game trace archive (2012)

Spurred by the rapid development of the gaming industry and the expansion of Online Meta-Gaming Networks (OMGNs), many gaming studies and measurements have been conducted in recent years. However, few or no traces of games and OMGNs are publicly available to game researchers and practitioners. Moreover, the few traces that are available are shared using diverse formats. This situation is an obstacle in exchanging, studying, and using game traces. To address this problem, we design the Game Trace Archive (GTA) to be a virtual meeting space for the game community. We identify three main requirements to build an archive for game traces, and address them with the GTA. We propose a unified format for game traces, and introduce a number of tools associated with the format. With these tools, we collect, process, and analyze 9 traces of both games and OMGNs. We collect in the GTA traces corresponding to more than 8 million real players and more than 200 million information items, spanning over 14 operational years. We also show that the GTA can be extended to include a variety of real-game trace types. Finally, we discuss possible applications of the GTA in gaming area such as game resource management, Quality of Experience for players, and advertisement.
Time Domain Magnetic Field Waveform Measurement near Printed Circuit Boards (1997)

This paper describes a time domain magnetic field measurement process for measuring magnetic fields near printed circuit boards (PCBs) with a loop probe. In carrying out measurements, the loop probe needs to be calibrated in the frequency domain. In this process, a microstrip line with a Teflon substrate serving as the standard magnetic field source is employed as a means of calibrating the probe. The standard magnetic field intensities of the line are calculated by an approximate equation obtained from Ampere's law to simplify the calibration. The sensor-factor of the probe obtained from this method agrees with that obtained through the use of a standard G-TEM cell in 2 dB at frequencies below 1GHz. The waveforms of magnetic fields near a PCB having a four-layer construction are measured using a 10mm diameter loop probe as the calibrated magnetic field sensor. The generation of magnetic field waveforms causing the radiated emission from the PCB is found to depend on the circuit operating conditions. It is clarified that the time domain magnetic field measurement process is an effective tool for analyzing the sources of emission radiated from PCBs, and for investigating the radiation mechanism.
Recent Advances in Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) Technology Open New Frontiers in Drilling (1987)

Abstract Recent developments in polycrystalline diamond (PCD) technology have led to breakthroughs in PCD bearing designs and PCD insert cutting structures. The authors suggest that the next major step in bit technology will be to combine these two innovations in a new generation roller cone bit, capable of sustained operation with a PDM or turbine. Other potential areas of innovation are now made possible with this new technology. One of the first areas will be an integrated high-speed downhole drilling system consisting of the next generation roller cone bit, turbine, and MWD. Another area for development will be a downhole mudhammer for percussion drilling of petroleum wells. A more distant potential development is called the Robotic Advanced Drilling System (RAD), which uses a flexible drillstem and a downhole thrusting mechanism to give WOB and real-time drilling control.
Fast exponential fitting algorithm for real-time instrumental use (2004)

We report on a very fast fitting algorithm for single exponential functions which is based on the method of successive integration. The algorithm corrects the systematic error of trapezoidal integration. The new algorithm needs only 150 μs for a dataset of 1536 points and is around 700 times faster than the nonlinear Levenberg–Marquardt fit provided by LABVIEW. This makes it suitable for real-time instrumental use. Beside the better time resolution, the acceleration allows more averaging, which leads to higher precision. In our experiment instrumental sensitivity was improved by a factor of 3.7.
Studies in the stability of vitamins A and D (1939)

Research Article| February 01 1939 Studies in the stability of vitamins A and D: The effect of light on vitamin A Ernest Lester Smith; Ernest Lester Smith 1The Technical Research Laboratory, Glaxo Laboratories Limited, Greenford, Middlesex Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Frank Arnold Robinson; Frank Arnold Robinson 1The Technical Research Laboratory, Glaxo Laboratories Limited, Greenford, Middlesex Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Babette Esther Stern; Babette Esther Stern 1The Technical Research Laboratory, Glaxo Laboratories Limited, Greenford, Middlesex Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Frank Edwin Young Frank Edwin Young 1The Technical Research Laboratory, Glaxo Laboratories Limited, Greenford, Middlesex Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1939) 33 (2): 207–212. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0330207 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Ernest Lester Smith, Frank Arnold Robinson, Babette Esther Stern, Frank Edwin Young; Studies in the stability of vitamins A and D: The effect of light on vitamin A. Biochem J 1 February 1939; 33 (2): 207–212. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0330207 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1939 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1939 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Azelaic acid modulates the inflammatory response in normal human keratinocytes through PPARγ activation (2010)

Azelaic acid (AzA), a nine-carbon dicarboxylic acid, is an agent for the topical treatment of acne. It has also been shown to be effective in rosacea; however, the mechanism of action has not been clarified. Because inflammation is a common feature of both conditions, we investigated the effects of azelaic acid on the inflammatory response of normal human keratinocytes to ultraviolet B light, which is a photosensitizer agent in rosacea. AzA, at 20 mM, a concentration achievable following topical application of a 15% gel, suppresses ultraviolet B light-induced interleukins-1beta, -6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA expression and protein secretion. Mechanistically, azelaic acid significantly reduced the ultraviolet B light-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kB p65 subunit and the phosphorylation of the p38 mitogen and stress-activated protein kinase. Moreover, as peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma, (PPARgamma) which has a crucial role in the control of inflammation, is activated by fatty acids and products of lipid peroxidation, we further investigated the effect of azelaic acid on the expression of this nuclear receptor. AzA induced peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma mRNA and its transcriptional activity. The PPARgamma antagonist GW9662 abrogated the inhibitory effects of AzA on the UVB-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines release and on the cell proliferation. Our study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the activity of azelaic acid and lands additional evidences for its therapeutic effects on inflammatory skin diseases, such as rosacea.
Protocol specification & verification methods: an overview (2002)

The need for appropriate methods for the specification and verification of data communication protocols is highlighted. Difficulties with commonly-used methods are discussed briefly, and an approach based on a combination of CSP and Timed CSP is advocated.