gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
France and the Levant: from the Bourbon Restoration to the Peace of Kutiah. By Vernon John Puryear. With an introduction by Henri Hauser. (University of California Publications in History, Vol. XXVII.) Berkeley: University of California Press, 1941. Pp. xvi, 252. $2.50. (1942)

France and the Levant: from the Bourbon Restoration to the Peace of Kutiah. By Vernon John Puryear. With an introduction by Henri Hauser. (University of California Publications in History, Vol. XXVII.) Berkeley: University of California Press, 1941. Pp. xvi, 252. $2.50. - Volume 2 Issue 2
Mitogen-induced Expression of the Fibroblast Growth Factor-binding Protein Is Transcriptionally Repressed through a Non-canonical E-box Element (2000)

The fibroblast growth factor-binding protein (FGF-BP) stimulates FGF-2-mediated angiogenesis and is thought to play an important role in the progression of squamous cell, colon, and breast carcinomas. 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induction of the FGF-BP gene occurs through transcriptional mechanisms involving Sp1, AP-1, and CCAATT/enhancer-binding protein sites in the proximal FGF-BP gene promoter. The level of TPA induction, however, is limited due to the presence of a repressor element that shows similarity to a non-canonical E-box (AACGTG). Mutation or deletion of the repressor element led to enhanced induction by TPA or epidermal growth factor in cervical squamous cell and breast carcinoma cell lines. Repression was dependent on the adjacent AP-1 site, without discernible alteration in the binding affinity or composition of AP-1. We investigated the following two possible mechanisms for E-box-mediated repression: 1) CpG methylation of the core of the E-box element, and 2) binding of a distinct protein complex to this site. Point mutation of the CpG methylation site in the E-box showed loss of repressor activity. Conversely, in vitro methylation of this site significantly reduced TPA induction. In vitro gel shift analysis revealed distinct and TPA-dependent binding of USF1 and USF2 to the repressor element that required nucleotides within the E-box. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that USF, c-Myc, and Max proteins were associated with the FGF-BP promoter in vivo. Overall, these findings suggested that the balance between trans-activation by AP-1 and repression through the E-box is an important control mechanism for fine-tuning the angiogenic response to growth factor-activated pathways.
Analytical and Experimental Study of 1 MeV Electron Irradiated GaAlAs / GaAs Heteroface Solar Cells (1978)

Deep junction (4 μm) heteroface solar cells were irradiated with 1 MeV electrons at fluences of 1013, 1014, 1015, and 1016 electrons/cm2. The short‐circuit current degraded to 0.02 of its original value after a fluence of 1016 electrons/cm2. Computer modeling of the spectral response before and after irradiation showed that, in addition to a decrease in the minority carrier diffusion length in from several micrometers to , an increase in the recombination velocity at the interface from 104 to 108cm/sec was required to completely explain the observed change in the spectral response.
A self-aligned dual-grating GaAs permeable base transistor (1984)

A self-aligned technique has been developed for embedding two submicrometer-period W gratings, one above the other in single-crystal GaAs. This technique has been used to fabricate permeable base transistor structures with independently contacted base gratings that permit either vertical or planar integration. Initial device results are presented.
Synthesis of 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine by microbiological transglycosylation using a recombinant Escherichia coli strain (2008)

Cladribine (2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine) was synthesized using intact cells of the recombinant Escherichia coli strain producing Geobacillus stearothermophilus B-2194 thermostable purine-nucleoside phosphorylase II (EC 2.4.2.1). Use of the cells containing this thermostable enzyme allowed the process to be conducted at a temperature of 70 degrees C, which provided the maximal concentrations of sparingly soluble substrates. The best results were obtained with 2-chloroadenine as a modified base. The highest yield of the target 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (up to 95% in the case of deoxyguanosine) was reached when using 2'-deoxypurines as donors of deoxyribose. Use of thymidine for these purposes required its considerable molar excess over 2-chloroadenine (up to 6 : 1), which is connected with a nonoptimal amount of endogenous thymidine phosphorylase, necessary for synthesis of deoxyribose-1-phosphate, in the transglycosylation reaction.
A New Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Control Chart for Monitoring Process Dispersion (2014)

Exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts have been widely recognized as an advanced statistical process monitoring tool due to their excellent performance in detecting small to moderate shifts in process parameters. In this paper, we propose a new EWMA control chart for monitoring the process dispersion based on the best linear unbiased absolute estimator (BLUAE) obtained under paired ranked set sampling (PRSS) scheme, which we name EWMA‐PRSS chart. The performance of the EWMA‐PRSS chart is evaluated in terms of the average run length and standard deviation of run length, estimated using Monte Carlo simulations. These control charts are compared with their existing counterparts for detecting both increases and decreases in the process dispersion. It is observed that the proposed EWMA‐PRSS chart performs uniformly better than the EWMA dispersion charts based on simple random sampling and ranked set sampling (RSS) schemes. We also construct an EWMA chart based on imperfect PRSS (IPRSS) scheme, named EWMA‐IPRSS chart, for detecting overall changes in the process variability. It turns out that, with reasonable assumptions, the EWMA‐IPRSS chart outperforms the existing EWMA dispersion charts. A real data set is used to explain the construction and operation of the proposed EWMA‐PRSS chart. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
READ2: Put disks at network level (2003)

Grand challenge applications have to process largeamounts of data, and then require high performance IOsystems.Cluster computing is a good alternative to proprietarysystem for building cost effective IO intensive platform:some cluster architectures won sorting benchmark(MinuteSort, Datamation)! Recent advances in IO componenttechnologies (disk, controller and network) let us expecthigher IO performance for data intensive applicationson cluster.The counterpart of this evolution is that muchstress is put on the different buses (memory, IO) of eachnode which cannot be scaled.In this paper we investigate astrategy we called READ2 (Remote Efficient Access to DistantDevice) to reduce the stress.With READ2 any clusternode accesses directly to remote disk: the remote processorand the remote memory are removed from the control anddata path: Inputs/Outputs don't interfere with the host processorand the host memory activity.With READ2 strategy,a cluster can be considered as a shared disk architectureinstead of a shared nothing one.This papers describes animplementation of READ2 on Myrinet Networks.First experimentalresults show IO performance improvement.
Changes in the Vif protein of HIV‐1 associated with the development of resistance to inhibitors of viral protease (2004)

The protease (PR) and virus infectivity factor (vif) gene sequences of a cohort of HIV-1 infected patients showing evidence of developing protease inhibitor (PI) resistance whilst undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have been determined. The PR sequences showed the presence of the classical mutations associated with resistance to PIs. The sequence of the Vif protein showed less variation in samples from PI treated patients than in specimens prepared from treatment-naive patients. In addition a number of amino acid positions within Vif showed highly significant preferences for a particular amino acid in the PI-treated cohort compared to the untreated control cohort.
Characterization of fluoxetine plus olanzapine treatment in rats: A behavior, endocrine, and immediate‐early gene expression analysis (2003)

Abstract A large number of individuals afflicted with psychiatric disorders, particularly depression with psychotic features, do not respond to conventional drug therapy. An option for this phenomenon is to augment a standard selective serotonin (5‐HT) reuptake inhibitor with an atypical antipsychotic agent. In this regard, fluoxetine and olanzapine have been used concomitantly for treatment‐resistant depression and bipolar depression. Although highly efficacious in terms of producing superior improvement of symptoms across a variety of psychological measures, the motor patterns, endocrine profiles, and intracellular signaling pathways affected by drug augmentation have not been determined. Here we show that fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) plus olanzapine (5 mg/kg) given to rats for 7 consecutive days (i.e., subchronic treatment) alters motor activity and diminishes spontaneous behaviors as measured by spatial position and angular path analyses. In addition, the same drug combination pattern sensitizes peak adrenal corticosterone secretion without altering serum glucose levels. We also show that subchronic fluoxetine and olanzapine exposure suppresses the induction of two immediate‐early gene transcription factors (e.g., pCREB and FOS) that are associated with long‐lasting changes in synaptic efficacy and structural modifications in the prefrontal cortex, piriform cortex, and hippocampus. These results suggest that fluoxetine plus olanzapine can interact in a fashion not predicted by the currently accepted model of fluoxetine monotherapy and provide insight into the synergistic actions of drug augmentation in patients with treatment‐resistant depression. Synapse 50:353–364, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pretargeted Radioimmunotherapy of Pancreatic Cancer Xenografts: TF10–<sup>90</sup>Y-IMP-288 Alone and Combined with Gemcitabine (2009)

PAM4-based PT-RAIT with (90)Y hapten peptide is an effective treatment for pancreatic cancer, with less toxicity than (90)Y-PAM4 IgG, in this model. Combinations with gemcitabine and dose fractionation of the PT-RAIT enhanced therapeutic responses.
Developing a Car to Meet New Pass-By Noise Requirements using Simulation and Testing (2015)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">A new pass-by noise test method has been introduced, in which engine speeds and loads are reduced (compared to the old test method) to better reflect real world driving behavior. New noise limits apply from 1 July 2016, and tighten by up to 4dB by 2026. The new test method is recognized internationally, and it is anticipated that the limits will also be adopted in most territories around the world.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">To achieve these tough new pass-by noise requirements, vehicle manufacturers need to address several important aspects of their products. Vehicle performance is critical to the test method, and is controlled by the full load engine torque curve, speed of response to accelerator pedal input, transmission type, overall gear ratios, tire rolling radius, and resistance due to friction and aerodynamic drag. Noise sources (exhaust, intake, powertrain, driveline, tires) and vehicle noise insulation are critical to the noise level radiated to the far-field.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">A simulation method was developed that could account for all of these critical aspects and predict the pass-by noise test result. This simulation method is useful to explore and optimize a car at the early stage of product development when design decisions are easier and more cost-effective. Countermeasures suggested by the simulation were procured in hardware and tested. The expected benefits were achieved, signposting a route to achieve the pass-by noise requirements of 2026, and demonstrating that the simulation method was useful.</div></div>
Design of a cardiac monitor in terms of parameters of QRS complex. (2002)

Objective. To design a portable cardiac monitor system based on the available ordinary ECG machine and works on the basis of QRS parameters. Method. The 80196 single chip microcomputer was used as the central microprocessor and real time electrocardiac signal was collected and analyzed [correction of analysized] in the system. Result. Apart from the performance of an ordinary monitor, this machine possesses also the following functions: arrhythmia analysis, HRV analysis, alarm, freeze, and record of automatic papering. Convenient in carrying, the system is powered by AC or DC sources. Stability, low power and low cost are emphasized in the hardware design; and modularization method is applied in software design. Conclusion. Popular in usage and low cost made the portable monitor system suitable for use under simple conditions.
Ordered Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (2012)

Compressed Sensing deals with recovering sparse signals from a relatively small number of linear measurements. Several algorithms exists for data recovery from the compressed measurements, particularly appealing among these is the greedy approach known as Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP). In this paper, we propose a modified OMP based algorithm called Ordered Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (Ordered OMP). Ordered OMP is conceptually simpler and provides an improved performance when compared to OMP.
Improved large signal performance of paralleled DC-DC converters current sharing using fuzzy logic control (2002)

This paper introduces fuzzy logic control as a technique for significantly improving the large signal performance of paralleled DC-DC power converters with master-slave current sharing control. The control design for such systems is challenged by its high modeling complexity and present approaches come only from a small signal perspective, unable to give a good response for wide load and line transients. The fuzzy logic approach, by dealing naturally with nonlinearities, offers a good and parameter insensitive transient response for the current sharing loop. Design methodology of the fuzzy compensator, simulation results and a comparison with existing classical designs is shown.
Automatic detection of abnormal tissue in mammography (2002)

A novel method for accurate detection of regions of interest (ROIs) that contain circumscribed lesions in mammograms is presented. The mammograms are segmented using a statistical threshold and a number of candidate regions are extracted. Then a set of qualification criteria is employed to filter these regions retaining the most suspicious for which a radial-basis function neural network makes the final decision marking them as ROIs that contain abnormal tissue. The proposed method detects the exact location of the circumscribed lesions with an accuracy of 90.9%, and a very low number of false positive regions per image (2.1 ROIs per image) in the MIAS database.
Anisotropic 2-D and 3-D averaging of fMRI signals (2001)

A novel method for denoising functional magnetic resonance imaging temporal signals is presented in this note. The method is based on progressively enhancing the temporal signal by means of adaptive anisotropic spatial averaging. This average is based on a new metric for comparing temporal signals corresponding to active fMRI regions. Examples are presented both for simulated and real two and three-dimensional data. The software implementing the proposed technique is publicly available for the research community.
CD44 Suppresses TLR-Mediated Inflammation (2008)

The cell adhesion molecule CD44, which is the major hyaluronan receptor, has been implicated in the binding, endocytosis, and metabolism of hyaluronan. Previous studies have revealed that CD44 plays crucial roles in a variety of inflammatory diseases. In recent years, TLRs, which are ancient microbial pattern recognition receptors, have been shown to initiate an innate immune response and have been linked to a variety of inflammatory diseases. The present study shows that CD44 negatively regulates in vivo inflammation mediated by TLRs via NF-kappaB activation, which leads to proinflammatory cytokine production. Furthermore, our results show that CD44 directly associates with TLR2 when stimulated by the TLR2 ligand zymosan and that the cytoplasmic domain of CD44 is crucial for its regulatory effect on TLR signaling. This study indicates that CD44 plays a protective role in TLR-mediated inflammation and is the first to demonstrate a direct association between CD44 and a TLR.
Activation of expression of genes coding for extracellular matrix proteins in Tat-producing glioblastoma cells. (1992)

The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 has been increasingly implicated in directly contributing to the disease AIDS by altering the expression of strategic cellular genes. In this study we demonstrate that the presence of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 regulatory protein Tat is associated with a significant induction in the expression of certain protein components of the extracellular matrix in glial-derived cells. Northern blot analysis reveals that in cells expressing Tat there is a marked elevation in the steady-state RNA levels for fibronectin and types I and III collagen. Metabolic labeling of the Tat-producing cells demonstrates that this induction is also reflected at the level of protein synthesis. Transient transfection experiments indicate that the presence of Tat results in increased transcription of fibronectin and alpha I type I collagen promoters. Possible mechanisms for this phenomenon and their significance with regard to AIDS are discussed.
Signaling pathways in the induction of c-fos and c-jun proto-oncogenes by 3-methylcholanthrene. (1997)

3-methylcholanthrene (MC), a potent promutagen and procarcinogen, is also an inducer of mammalian CYPIAI (cytochrome P1-450) gene. The CYPIAI enzyme is responsible for the detoxification of MC and its oxidation into reactive epoxide intermediates. Through its epoxide metabolites, MC functions also as an inducer of drug-metabolizing enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene expression. Induction of murine GST Ya gene by MC and a variety of other chemical agents is mediated by a regulatory element composed of two adjacent AP-1-like sites, and activated by the Fos/Jun heterodimeric complex (AP-1). In cultured cells, MC causes the induction of AP-1 activity, which is the result of an increased expression of c-Fos and c-Jun proteins. The mechanisms involved in MC activation of c-fos and c-jun gene expression were examined in the present study. Evidence is presented that stimulation of c-fos transcription by MC involves a signal transduction pathway, which includes activation of the small G protein Ras, Raf-1 kinase, and the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, ERK1 and ERK2. Furthermore, we find that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which uses both protein kinase C and protein-tyrosine kinase activities to induce c-fos promoter, may share a common pathway with MC downstream of Ras. The signal transduction pathway induced by MC to stimulate c-jun promoter involves Ras activation and the JNK group of MAP-kinases.
Education and occupational social class: which is the more important indicator of mortality risk? (1998)

As a single indicator of socioeconomic position occupational social class in adulthood is a better discriminator of socioeconomic differentials in mortality and smoking behaviour than is education. This argues against interpretations that see cultural--rather than material--resources as being the key determinants of socioeconomic differentials in health. The stronger association of education with death from cardiovascular causes than with other causes of death may reflect the function of education as an index of socioeconomic circumstances in early life, which appear to have a particular influence on the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Monolithic 3D-ICs with single grain Si thin film transistors (2011)

We propose monolithic 3D-ICs based on single grain Si TFTs where transistors are fabricated inside a silicon grain. Location of the grain was controlled by the μ-Czochralski process which is based on pulsed-laser crystallization of a-Si. Two single-grain TFTs layers were monolithically stacked with electron and hole mobilities of 600 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vs and 200 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vs, respectively. Electrical properties are presented of fabricated 6T-SRAM and lateral photodiodes with in-pixel amplifier. Photodiode pixels have a light sensitivity of 100 while SRAM cells fabricated in 128F <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> area shows a static noise margin of 0.75V with a supply voltage of 5V.
Effect of Modified Diabetic Splenocytes on Mice Injected with Splenocytes from Multiple Low-Dose Streptozotocin Diabetic Donors (2001)

Etiological agents of autoimmune processes that have been made nonvirulent by several treatments, i.e., mitomycin C (Mit C), can be used as a vaccine to protect against disease. In this work we studied the effects of splenocytes from diabetic mice on animals that had been injected with modified splenocytes (Mit C-treated splenocytes from multiple low-dose streptozotocin [mld-sz] mice) 15 days before. Splenocytes from mld-sz diabetic donors altered i.p. glucose tolerance and the first peak of insulin secretion pattern when injected into normal singeneic recipients. These effects can be prevented partially (one injection in a vaccine form) or completely (two injections with a 15-day interval) by a previous injection of Mit C-treated mononuclear splenocytes (MS) from mld-sz mice. The fact that control splenocytes previously treated with Mit C were not able to achieve similar results indicates that donor splenocytes have to be diabetic to prevent the disease. On the other hand, Mit C-treated diabetic MS were not effective in preventing the alterations in glucose tolerance and in the pattern of insulin secretion when injected into athymic mice. This suggests that the preventive effect of Mit C-treated diabetic MS injection also implies an active role of the T cells from the recipient mice. Mit C-treated diabetic splenocytes are preferentially trapped by the pancreas and the lymph nodes from recipient mice. Our results show that the impairment in glucose tolerance and in the insulin secretion pattern produced by diabetic splenocyte transfer can be prevented by one or two previous injections of Mit C-modified diabetic splenocytes.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Properties of High-Surface-Area Aluminum Silicon Nitride Based Materials (2004)

A new precursor, [RAl(μ-NHEt)(μ-NEt)2Si(NHEt)]2 (R = Et, Me), is proposed for the preparation of high-surface-area silicon aluminum nitride based xerogels. The conversion is carried out using ammonia gas and pentane/ammonia mixtures at low (1 bar) and high (200 bar) pressure. Materials with specific surface areas up to 800 m2 g-1 are obtained under high-pressure conditions. The enrichment of aluminum in the materials obtained at low pressure indicates the formation of Si(NHEt)4 as a side product that is also detected in NMR spectra. In scanning and transmission electron micrographs the materials appear with a flakelike morphology. The presence of NH groups is detected in IR spectra, and the 29Si MAS NMR signal is detected at −40.5 ppm. The materials are X-ray amorphous. The composition varies with the reaction conditions. After a high-pressure transformation, the Al/Si ratio is close to 1.0 (Al2Si1.8N8.7C1.3H11.6) but transformation at low NH3 pressure only produces Al-enriched materials. The solid imides are efficient catalysts for the Michael addition of malononitrile to acrylonitrile with a high yield of 96% after 5 h.