gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Image Restoration by the Method of Convex Projections: Part 2-Applications and Numerical Results (1982)

The image restoration theory discussed in a previous paper by Youla and Webb [1] is applied to a simulated image and the results compared with the well-known method known as the Gerchberg-Papoulis algorithm. The results show that the method of image restoration by projection onto convex sets, by providing a convenient technique for utilizing a priori information, performs significantly better than the Gerchberg-Papoulis method.
Combinatorial theory and statistical design (1987)

Ways to Choose The Essentials of Counting Occupancy More on Counting Historical Notes Generating Functions The Formal Power Series The Combinatorial Meaning of Convolution Generating Functions for Stirling Numbers Bell Polynomials Recurrence Relations The Generating Function of Spanning Trees Partitions of an Integer A Generating Function for Solutions of Diophantine Systems in Nonnegative Integers Historical Notes Classical Inversion Inversion in the Vector Space of Polynomials Taylor Expansions Formal Laurent Series Multivariate Lauren Series The Ordinary Generating Function The Gaussian Polynomials Graphs Cycles, Trails and Complete Subgraphs Strongly Regular Graphs Spectra, Walks and Oriented Cycles Index.
QUANTUM EFFICIENCIES OF FLUORESCENCE OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES: EFFECT OF SOLVENT AND CONCENTRATION OF THE FLUORESCENT SOLUTE<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQUANTUM EFFICIENCIES OF FLUORESCENCE OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES: EFFECT OF SOLVENT AND CONCENTRATION OF THE FLUORESCENT SOLUTE1W. H. MelhuishCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1961, 65, 2, 229–235Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100820a009https://doi.org/10.1021/j100820a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7320Altmetric-Citations1638LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Femtosecond protein nanocrystallography—data analysis methods (2010)

X-ray diffraction patterns may be obtained from individual submicron protein nanocrystals using a femtosecond pulse from a free-electron X-ray laser. Many "single-shot" patterns are read out every second from a stream of nanocrystals lying in random orientations. The short pulse terminates before significant atomic (or electronic) motion commences, minimizing radiation damage. Simulated patterns for Photosystem I nanocrystals are used to develop a method for recovering structure factors from tens of thousands of snapshot patterns from nanocrystals varying in size, shape and orientation. We determine the number of shots needed for a required accuracy in structure factor measurement and resolution, and investigate the convergence of our Monte-Carlo integration method.
Phage-Display Selection of a Human Single-Chain Fv Antibody Highly Specific for Melanoma and Breast Cancer Cells Using a Chemoenzymatically Synthesized G<sub>M3</sub>−Carbohydrate Antigen (2002)

Overexpression of the cell-surface glycosphingolipid G(M3) is associated with a number of different cancers, including those of the skin, colon, breast, and lung. Antibodies against the G(M3) epitope have potential application as therapeutic agents in the treatment of these cancers. We describe the chemoenzymatic synthesis of two G(M3)-derived reagents and their use in the panning of a phage-displayed human single-chain Fv (scFv) antibody library derived from the blood of cancer patients. Three scFv-phage clones, GM3A6, GM3A8, and GM3A15, were selected for recombinant expression and were characterized using BIAcore and flow cytometry. BIAcore measurements using the purified, soluble scFvs yielded dissociation constants (K(d)) ranging from 4.2 x 10(-7) to 2.1 x 10(-5) M. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the ability of each scFv to discriminate between normal human cells (human dermal fibroblast, HDFa), melanoma cells (HMV-1, M21, and C-8161), and breast cancer cells (BCM-1, BCM-2, and BMS). GM3A6 displayed cross-reactivity with normal cells, as well as tumor cells, and GM3A15 possessed little or no binding activity toward any of the cell lines tested. However, GM3A8 bound to five of the six tumor cell lines and showed no measurable reactivity against the HDFa cells. Hence, we have demonstrated that a synthetic G(M3) panning reagent can be used to isolate a fully human scFv that is highly specific for native G(M3) on the surface of tumor cells. The result is a significant step toward effective immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer.
Asynchronous Stochastic Proximal Optimization Algorithms with Variance Reduction (2016)

Regularized empirical risk minimization (R-ERM) is an important branch of machine learning, since it constrains the capacity of the hypothesis space and guarantees the generalization ability of the learning algorithm. Two classic proximal optimization algorithms, i.e., proximal stochastic gradient descent (ProxSGD) and proximal stochastic coordinate descent (ProxSCD) have been widely used to solve the R-ERM problem. Recently, variance reduction technique was proposed to improve ProxSGD and ProxSCD, and the corresponding ProxSVRG and ProxSVRCD have better convergence rate. These proximal algorithms with variance reduction technique have also achieved great success in applications at small and moderate scales. However, in order to solve large-scale R-ERM problems and make more practical impacts, the parallel version of these algorithms are sorely needed. In this paper, we propose asynchronous ProxSVRG (Async-ProxSVRG) and asynchronous ProxSVRCD (Async-ProxSVRCD) algorithms, and prove that Async-ProxSVRG can achieve near linear speedup when the training data is sparse, while Async-ProxSVRCD can achieve near linear speedup regardless of the sparse condition, as long as the number of block partitions are appropriately set. We have conducted experiments on a regularized logistic regression task. The results verified our theoretical findings and demonstrated the practical efficiency of the asynchronous stochastic proximal algorithms with variance reduction.
Bio-organism sensing via surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy on controlled metal/polymer nanostructured substrates (2009)

A new class of nonlithographically prepared surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates based on metalized, nanostructured poly(p-xylylene) films has been developed and optimized for surface plasmon response with a view to applications of SERS detection of microbial pathogens, specifically, bacteria and viruses. The main emphasis has been on achieving high spot to spot, sample to sample reproducibility of the SERS signals while maintaining useful enhancement factors. The use of these surfaces, metalized with either Ag or Au, provides a noninvasive and nondestructive method for spectral fingerprint analyses of both bacteria and viruses. Examples are given for the detection of bacteria (E. coli and B. cereus) and viruses (respiratory syncytial virus and Coxsackievirus). Our method is able to distinguish Gram positive from Gram negative bacterial strains as well as enveloped and nonenveloped viruses. The results demonstrate the development of a new class of SERS substrates which can provide rapid, selective identification of infectious agents without amplification of cultures.
Pertussis toxin effects on T lymphocytes are mediated through CD3 and not by pertussis toxin catalyzed modification of a G protein. (1989)

Pertussis toxin (PT) has been shown to have a variety of effects on T lymphocyte function, and its activity has been used to suggest the involvement of a G protein in the early events of T lymphocyte activation. In this report, the effects of PT on T lymphocytes have been investigated in detail. PT at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml rapidly stimulated early events that are normally induced by occupancy of the TCR complex in Jurkat cells and cloned, murine CTL including increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration, serine esterase release, and induction of Ag non-specific target cell lysis. However, 1-h treatment with this concentration of PT induced a state that was refractory to further receptor stimulation in Jurkat cells but not cloned CTL although substrate membrane proteins were modified to a similar extent in both cell lines. The functional effects of PT were mimicked by the B oligomer of PT which did not, however, catalyze ADP-ribosylation of membrane proteins. In addition, overnight exposure of Jurkat cells to a lower concentration of PT also modified substrate membrane proteins but did not inhibit receptor stimulation. These findings indicate that PT catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of a G protein does not account for the actions of the toxin on T lymphocytes. Finally, direct stimulation of increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration by PT and the B oligomer only occurred in T lymphocytes expressing CD3. This suggests that the mitogenic effect of PT holotoxin is mediated by the interaction of the B oligomer with CD3 and that this may account for many of the effects of PT holotoxin both in vivo and in vitro.
Induction of proinflammatory mediators by CHI3L1 is reduced by chitin treatment: Decreased tumor metastasis in a breast cancer model (2011)

Disseminated metastasis accounts for over 90% of breast cancer deaths. Recently, elevated serum levels of a glycoprotein known as chitinase-3 like-protein-1 (CHI3L1) has been correlated with poor prognosis and shorter survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer. In this study, we show that there are increased levels of CHI3L1 in plasma of tumor-bearing mice and that both tumor cells and immune cells express and secrete CHI3L1. However, the biological and physiological functions of CHI3L1 are still unclear. We demonstrate that while CHI3L1 has an inhibitory role in the expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), CHI3L1 up-regulates pro-inflammatory mediators, C-chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), chemokine CX motif ligand 2 (CXCL2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) all of which contribute to tumor growth and metastasis. We found that in vitro inhibition of CHI3L1 by siRNA suppressed the production of CCL2, CXCL2 and MMP-9 by macrophages. In vivo treatment of mammary tumor-bearing mice with chitin (β-(1-4)-poly-N-acetyl D-glucosamine), a TH(1) adjuvant and a ligand for CHI3L1, promoted immune effector functions with increased production of IFN-γ and decreased CCL2, CXCL2 and MMP-9 expression. In vivo administration of chitin to mammary tumor-bearing mice significantly decreased lung metastasis. These studies show that CHI3L1 plays a role in tumor progression and that chitin can inhibit the pleiotropic effects of CHI3L1 giving support to the idea that CHI3L1 is a useful therapeutic target for treatment of breast cancer.
All-Digital Duty-Cycle Corrector With a Wide Duty Correction Range for DRAM Applications (2015)

An all-digital duty-cycle corrector with a wide duty correction range and fast correction time is hereby presented. The proposed corrector uses a 1-bit digital duty-cycle detector with a time-to-digital converter, and it achieves a duty correction range between 10% and 90% with a low pressure, volume, and temperature variation. The test chip was fabricated using a 0.13-μm CMOS process, and it occupies an area of 0.059 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The correction cycle is a 14 cycles and the duty-cycle error is below ±1.4%. At an operating frequency of 1 GHz, the power dissipation and peak-to-peak jitter are measured at 5.6 mW and 20.5 ps, respectively.
An Adaptive Bidding Strategy in Multi-round Combinatorial Auctions for Resource Allocation (2008)

Combinatorial auctions, where bidders are allowed to put bids on bundles of items, are preferred to single-item auctions in the resource allocation problem because they allow bidders to express complementarities (substitutabilities) among items and therefore achieve better social efficiency. Although many works have been conducted on combinatorial auctions, most of them focus on the winner determination problem and the auction design. A large unexplored area of research in combinatorial auctions is the bidding strategies. In this paper, we propose a new adaptive bidding strategy in multi-round combinatorial auctions in static markets. The bidder adopting this strategy can adjust his profit margin constantly according to bidding histories to maximize his expected utility. Experiment results show that the adaptive bidding strategy performs fairly well when compared to the optimal fixed strategy in different market environments, even without any prior knowledge.
Presentations (2008)

Chest pain <italic>24</italic> Shortness of breath <italic>28</italic> Haemoptysis <italic>32</italic> Reduced oxygen saturation <italic>36</italic> Palpitations <italic>40</italic> Haematemesis <italic>44</italic> Severe acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding <italic>48</italic> Abdominal pain <italic>52</italic> Vomiting <italic>60</italic> Sudden weakness <italic>64</italic> Headache <italic>68</italic> Reduced GCS <italic>72</italic> Seizures <italic>76</italic> Reduced urine output <italic>80</italic> Jaundice <italic>84</italic> Ill diabetic patient ...
Evaluation of a manual ELISA kit for determination of HER2/neu in serum of breast cancer patients. (2009)

This technique presents satisfactory levels of accuracy for routine laboratory use.
Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection for Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Testicular Cancer: Impact of Patient Selection Factors on Outcome (2005)

Excluding patients with CS IIB disease or elevated postorchiectomy STM from primary RPLND has had a favorable impact on the extent of retroperitoneal disease and has significantly reduced the risk of relapse after RPLND. For patients with normal STM and CS I to IIA disease, the low rate of systemic progression and 22% incidence of retroperitoneal teratoma supports RPLND as the preferred primary intervention.
Tissue Plasminogen Activator Reverses the Deleterious Effect of Infection on Colonie Wound Healing (1990)

Fibrin deposition in response to bacterial peritonitis appears to predispose to residual infection in the peritoneal cavity. Our previous studies have demonstrated that intraperitoneal fibrinolysis using human recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) prevented abscess formation in a rat intra-abdominal sepsis model. To investigate the potential adverse side effects of its use in the peritoneal cavity, the effect of t-PA on colonic anastomotic wound healing and on systemic coagulation parameters was examined in the rat. T-PA did not adversely affect colonic healing five and ten days after anastomosis. In animals infected intraperitoneally at the time of the anastomosis, t-PA reversed the inhibition of healing induced by perianastomotic abscesses at five days. This effect was mediated by the ability of t-PA to prevent perianastomotic abscess formation. After intraperitoneal administration, t-PA had no effect on prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times in either uninfected or infected animals and there was no evidence of clinical bleeding related to its use. These studies suggest that intraperitoneal fibrinolysis using t-PA may provide a safe, effective form of adjuvant therapy in the management of fibrinopurulent peritonitis.
Use of Superabsorbent Polymers in Concrete (2013)

Throughout the life of concrete, water has central importance: (1) it is an essential ingredient in the mixing, curing, and hardening of concrete; (2) its exchange with the surroundings causes hardened concrete to shrink, swell, and possibly crack; (3) its presence in hardened concrete influences strength and creep; and (4) it plays a central role in deterioration caused by frost action or alkali-silica reactions. This article gives an overview of some of the opportunities offered by the use of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) for achieving that control. SAPs are polymeric that have the ability to absorb a large amount of liquid from the surroundings and retain in within their structure. SAPs are mainly developed for absorption of aqueous solutions and, in extreme cases, they may have a water uptake if 5000 times their own weight. SAPs belong to a group of so-called smart materials which are that, in a controlled way, significantly change their properties in response to an external stimulus. When SAPs are exposed to water, they swell, and when subsequently subjected to drying, they reversibly shrink. These key properties can actively be used in relation to concrete.
Creeping Flow past a Solid Sphere in a Porous Medium (1997)

Abstract This paper reports an analytical study of the creeping flow past a solid sphere in an unbounded sparsely‐packed porous medium assuming the validity of the Brinkman model. A closed form solution is obtained for the flow field and streamlines are drawn to demonstrate its evolution. No separation flow occurs near the rear stagnation point. In the case of low permeability media, there is an overshoot in the tangential component of velocity in the vicinity of the sphere and the total drag on the sphere is found to increase with a decrease in the value of the permeability parameter. Heat transfer due to this forced convection has been exemplified.
L'Hôpital et la Cité, de R. F. Bridgeman (1966)

George Pierre. L'Hôpital et la Cité, de R. F. Bridgeman. In: Annales de Géographie, t. 75, n°407, 1966. pp. 96-97.
Determination of oxidative stability of lipids in solid samples (2000)

Abstract A gas‐phase flow injection analysis (FIA) method for the direct determination of the oxidative stability of solid fat/oil samples is described. Samples are confined with a low level of oxygen in a reactor of adjustable temperature. The oxygen consumption by the sample is automatically monitored after a preset period. The temperature‐dependent data exhibit Arrhenius behavior. Normally, it is difficult to directly determine the stability at ambient temperatures because of inordinately long time requirements. The close correspondence to Arrhenius behavior makes it possible to use the results obtained at higher temperature to calculate the stability of samples at lower temperature conditions, such as at ambient storage temperature. The effects of sample size, sample particle size, sample fat content and the reproducibility of the method over time were studied using synthetic and bone meal samples. The oxygen consumption was found to be linearly dependent on the amount of sample taken, inversely dependent on the particle diameter, and independent of the exact lipid content, given some minimum lipid content. The results exhibited high day‐to‐day reproducibility. The gasphase FIA system developed in this work is easy to operate. Compared with the currently used method, the sample throughput rate is much faster (2–3h for complete multitemperature characterization of a sample) and the sample requirement is much lower (∼1 g). Furthermore, it eliminates the need to extract and recover the fat from the sample for further processing as is required by the other methods commonly used to measure oxidative stability.
Artificial mitochondrial presequences. (1986)

Synthetic oligonucleotides were used to construct artificial mitochondrial presequences that contained, besides the initiator methionine, only arginine, serine, and leucine. The ratio of these three amino acids was adjusted to match that of basic, hydroxylated, and hydrophobic residues in natural mitochondrial presequences. When these sequences were fused to the N terminus of yeast cytochrome oxidase subunit IV lacking its own presequence, they directed the attached subunit IV to its correct intramitochondrial location in vivo. They also mediated import of subunit IV into isolated yeast mitochondria. In contrast, artificial sequences containing glutamine, arginine, and serine residues following the initiator methionine were inactive. Thus, the targeting function of mitochondrial presequences does not depend on specific amino acid sequences but may instead depend on the overall balance between basic, hydrophobic, and hydroxylated amino acids.
Clinical use of erythropoietin (1995)

Recombinant human erythropoietin has been available for clinical use since 1985. It was an immediate success in treating the anemia of chronic renal failure and has also enjoyed some objective success in the treatment of other anemias in either a therapeutic or prophylactic setting, but the issues of appropriate patient selection and cost-benefit ratios are still unresolved. This review discusses the most recent literature concerning the use of recombinant human erythropoietin for the anemia associated with cancer, HIV infection, myelodysplasia, prematurity, autologous blood transfusion, bone marrow transplantation, and chronic renal failure.
Protective actions of tamoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen against oxidative damage to human low-density lipoproteins: a mechanism accounting for the cardioprotective action of tamoxifen? (1993)

Tamoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen protect isolated human low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) against copper-ion-dependent lipid peroxidation: 4-hydroxytamoxifen is more protective than tamoxifen or 17 beta-oestradiol. 4-Hydroxytamoxifen and 17 beta-oestradiol also prevent the increase in the electrophoretic mobility of LDL caused by exposure to copper ions, presumably by protection of the apoprotein B of LDL against oxidative modification. Our observations may help to account for the cardioprotective benefits reported to be associated with tamoxifen therapy and prophylaxis in breast cancer.
Saxifraga rotundiofolia L.: détermination du stade de récolte en fonction de la phénologie et de la phytochimie (2009)

La saxifrage a feuilles rondes (Saxifraga rotundifolia L.) a retenu l'attention de l'industrie cosmetique, toujours a la recherche de nouveaux developpements, car cette plante montre d'interessantes proprietes anti-radicalaires et antioxydantes; en outre, sa mise en culture est envisageable et ses principes actifs ont ete identifies. Le but de cette etude etait de determiner les variations des concentrations en principes actifs dans les parties aeriennes de la plante en fonction de son origine, et egalement de definir le stade optimal de recolte en fonction de la teneur en acides phenylpropenoiques, en flavonols et flavones glycosyles. En pleine floraison, la concentration en acide chlorogenique (0,1% de la matiere seche (MS), en quercitrine (0,4% MS) et en luteoline rhamnoside (0,02% MS) est elevee. La teneur en myricitrine (1,3% MS) atteint son maximum lors de la formation des graines, avec une variation faible par rapport au stade de pleine floraison. Les resultats obtenus montrent qu'une recolte en pleine floraison offre un bon compromis entre une teneur globale elevee des differents composes phenoliques et le rendement en matiere seche.