gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[House-dust mites as vectors of human diseases]. (1982)

The genuine European house-dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, is the producer of the most common and most potent allergen in the house-dust in Central Europe. Such allergens causing asthma, rhinitis, tracheitis, bronchitis and/or conjunctivitis in man may also be produced by the other species of house-dust mites such as D. farinae and Euroglyphus maynei. House mites and mites of stored products rarely account for such diseases but more frequently for acarodermatitis--especially on farms. Allergies due to house-dust mites mainly occur in midsummer and in early autumn. Particularly children under 10 years of age are effected by these allergies. Textile articles such as mattresses, upholstered furniture and carpets are breeding places of the genuine house-dust mites. Skin scales of humans, mammals and birds affected by mould provide the nutritional substrate of the mites.
Corrosion Potential Measurements on Type 304 SS and Alloy 182 in Simulated BWR Environments (1993)

The effects of dissolved oxygen, hydrogen, and hydrogen peroxide on the corrosion (electrochemical) potentials (ECPs) of type 304 SS and alloy 182 in simulated boiling water reactor (BWR) coolant environments under various water chemistry conditions at 288°C are reported. In oxygenated systems, the measured ECP fell within the range +20 to –600 mV (vs SHE) depending on the O2 concentration. The effect of water flow rate on the ECP was also studied as function of dissolved O2 concentration. Increasing flow rate at constant oxygen concentration increased the ECPs of type 304 SS and alloy 182. The effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the ECP of type 304 SS and alloy 182 in pure water was also determined. The authors found that the concentration of oxygen and the ECP increased immediately when H2O2 was injected into the cell. The measured corrosion potentials of both alloys were 200 to 400 mV more positive than for dissolved O2 at similar levels. However, the ECP was lower than that expected theoretically from a mixed potential model (COREPOTENTIAL), which we attribute to thermal decomposition of H2O2. The ECPs of type 304 SS and alloy 182 in water containing various O2/H2/H2O2 combinations were measured and compared with theoretical data from COREPOTENTIAL. The ECPs were lower than expected due to decomposition of H2O2 in the high-temperature environment. Finally, the difference between the ECP of type 304 SS and alloy 182 was negligible (normally &lt; ± 20 mV) under all conditions.
Compositional and morphological characteristics of cow cockle (Saponaria vaccaria) seed, a potential alternative crop (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCompositional and morphological characteristics of cow cockle (Saponaria vaccaria) seed, a potential alternative cropG. Mazza, C. G. Biliaderis, R. Przybylski, and B. D. OomahCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1992, 40, 9, 1520–1523Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00021a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00021a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Direct observation of closed-loop ferrohydrodynamic pumping under traveling magnetic fields (2011)

Ferrofluid-based liquid manipulation schemes typically actuate an immiscible liquid via a ferrofluid plug, using high magnetic flux (\ensuremath{\sim}1 T) densities and strong field gradients created with bulky permanent magnets. They rely on surface tension effects to maintain the cohesion of the ferrofluid plug, necessitating miniature channels and slow (\ensuremath{\sim}1 \ensuremath{\mu}l/min) flow speeds. Here, we demonstrate direct ferrohydrodynamic pumping using traveling magnetic fields at controllable speeds in a simple, closed-loop geometry without any mechanically actuated components. The pumping approach is compact, scalable, and practical. Using moderate field amplitudes (\ensuremath{\sim}10 mT), we obtained a maximum volumetric flow rate of 0.69 ml/s using a readily available commercial ferrofluid. Our closed-loop pumping approach could lead to integrated and efficient liquid manipulation and cooling schemes based on ferrofluids.
A covert channel construction in a virtualized environment (2012)

Memory deduplication has been widely used in various commodity hypervisors. However, while this technique improves memory efficiency, it has an impact on system security. In particular, memory deduplication is usually implemented using a variant of copy-on-write techniques, for which, writing to a shared page would incur a longer access time than those non-shared. By exploiting this artifact, we demonstrate a new covert channel can be built in a virtualized environment.
Systems for managing quality (1991)

The key for the author is that quality is about prevention. If we lived in a perfect world where everything was done right first time, where all communications were performed without ambiguity, where people worked in harmony, we would not need to think about quality at all!
Combinational detection of autolysin and penicillin-binding protein 2B genes of Streptococcus pneumoniae by PCR (1996)

PCR was used to identify penicillin resistance in 1,062 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Three sets of primers were designed to amplify (i) a 240-bp fragment of the penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 2B gene (pbp2b) of penicillin-susceptible S. pneumoniae (PSSP), (ii) a 215-bp fragment of the class A mutations of the pbp2b gene present in penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae, and (iii) a 286-bp fragment of the class B mutation. In addition, a set of primers that amplify 273 bp of the autolysin (lytA) gene was applied in combination with the above to identify S. pneumoniae. Of 621 isolates for which MICs of penicillin were < or = 0.06 mu g/ml, 614 (98.9%) were ascertained as having DNA fragments amplified by the PSSP primers. Of 441 isolates for which MICs of penicillin were > or = 0.125 mu g/ml, a class A mutation was detected in only 8 (1.8%), a class B mutation was detected in 310 (70.3%), and neither class A nor class B mutations were found in the remaining 123 (27.9%). However, when analysis was limited to isolates for which MICs of penicillin were > or = 1.0 mu g/ml, 247 isolates (89.8%) of 275 were found to possess a class B mutation. When PBPs were analyzed in 12 isolates with unclear mutations of the pbp2b gene by using [3H]benzylpenicillin, low affinity to PBP 2B was observed in them all. These findings suggest that a pbp2b mutation other than class A or class B is present in these isolates. These results also indicate that it may be possible to identify PSSP and penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae by applying PCR using a combination of primers to detect the susceptible pbp2b gene, resistant pbp2b gene mutations, and the lytA gene.
Cell Surface of Lactococcus lactis Is Covered by a Protective Polysaccharide Pellicle (2010)

In Gram-positive bacteria, the functional role of surface polysaccharides (PS) that are not of capsular nature remains poorly understood. Here, we report the presence of a novel cell wall PS pellicle on the surface of Lactococcus lactis. Spontaneous PS-negative mutants were selected using semi-liquid growth conditions, and all mutations were mapped in a single chromosomal locus coding for PS biosynthesis. PS molecules were shown to be composed of hexasaccharide phosphate repeating units that are distinct from other bacterial PS. Using complementary atomic force and transmission electron microscopy techniques, we showed that the PS layer forms an outer pellicle surrounding the cell. Notably, we found that this cell wall layer confers a protective barrier against host phagocytosis by murine macrophages. Altogether, our results suggest that the PS pellicle could represent a new cell envelope structural component of Gram-positive bacteria.
Phage-Mediated Intergeneric Transfer of Toxin Genes (2009)

Because bacteriophages generally parasitize only closely related bacteria, it is assumed that phage-mediated genetic exchange occurs primarily within species. Here we report that staphylococcal pathogenenicity islands, containing superantigen genes, and other mobile elements transferred to Listeria monocytogenes at the same high frequencies as they transfer within Staphylococcus aureus. Several staphylococcal phages transduced L. monocytogenes but could not form plaques. In an experiment modeling phage therapy for bovine mastitis, we observed pathogenicity island transfer between S. aureus and L. monocytogenes in raw milk. Thus, phages may participate in a far more expansive network of genetic information exchange among bacteria of different species than originally thought, with important implications for the evolution of human pathogens.
A scalable and topology configurable protocol for distributed parameter synchronization (2014)

This paper addresses the problem of model synchronization in data-parallelism of deep-learning systems. In such systems, workers on different machines continuously update their local copies of the model, and the updates need to be merged so that the copies are roughly consistent to each other. In modern implementations using GPUs, workers generate very high updates, posing significant scalability challenges.
Reconstructive surgery using free tissue transfer after head and neck ablation in the elderly (1991)

Merits and demerits of free tissue transfer with microvascular anastomosis for large head and neck defects in the elderly are discussed as compared with the standard pedicled flaps. Results of consecutive 190 flap transfers revealed that, in the elderly, 1) large flap transfers can safely be applied as in younger generations, 2) no definitive limitation is present in indicating various kinds of free tissue transfers, 3) the free rectus abdominis flap and the jejunal segment are the recommended free grafts, 4) as to pedicled flaps delto-pectoral flap is recommended while pectoralis major flap having danger of local complications, 5) the real risk factor is the general complication namely diabetes mellitus and liver cirrhosis.
43.1: <i>Invited Paper:</i> Inkjet Printed Polymer Thin Film Transistors for Active‐Matrix Display Applications (2002)

Abstract We have recently demonstrated fabrication of polymer thin film transistor (TFT) circuits by a combination of solution self‐assembly and direct inkjet printing. Control over the morphology of the polymer semiconductor and uniaxial alignment of polymer chains parallel to the direction of current flow in the device is obtained by making use of polymer self‐organisation. Accurate definition of the transistor channel and other circuit components is achieved by direct inkjet printing combined with surface energy patterning. Here we discuss the application of this novel manufacturing process for polymer TFTs to active matrix displays. We will focus on advantages and disadvantages of polymer TFT technology compared with conventional thin film silicon devices.
New Technetium-99M Generator Technologies Utilizing Polyethylene Glycol-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems (1997)

Abstract Two new schemes for TcO4 −/MoO4 2− separations from OH− and MoO4 2− media using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) have been developed. The two most important salt solutions in current 99mTc-generator technologies, OH− and MoO4 2−, also salt out PEG to form ABS. In liquid/liquid PEG-ABS, pertechnetate can be separated from molybdate with separation factors as high as 10,000. Stripping is accomplished by reduction of the TcO4 − and back extraction into a salt solution. The strip solution can be the salt of an imaging agent (e.g., Na4HEDPA) and thus may, under the appropriate conditions, be injected directly into the human body. 99mTcO4 − can also be concentrated from a dilute load solution of 99MoO4 2− in NaOH using an aqueous biphasic extraction chromatographic technique (ABEC). A rinse with K2CO3 assures that all 99MoO4 2− is removed from the column, and this is confirmed by a rapid drop in 99Mo activity by the fourth free column volume (fcv) of rinse. The 99mTcO4 − is then eluted with water. This chromatographic separation affords 94% of the 99mTcO4 − activity in 5 fcv, with the γ spectrum showing less than 2 × 10−4 of the original 99Mo activity.
Neoantigen vaccine: an emerging tumor immunotherapy (2019)

Genetic instability of tumor cells often leads to the occurrence of a large number of mutations, and expression of non-synonymous mutations can produce tumor-specific antigens called neoantigens. Neoantigens are highly immunogenic as they are not expressed in normal tissues. They can activate CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to generate immune response and have the potential to become new targets of tumor immunotherapy. The development of bioinformatics technology has accelerated the identification of neoantigens. The combination of different algorithms to identify and predict the affinity of neoantigens to major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) or the immunogenicity of neoantigens is mainly based on the whole-exome sequencing technology. Tumor vaccines targeting neoantigens mainly include nucleic acid, dendritic cell (DC)-based, tumor cell, and synthetic long peptide (SLP) vaccines. The combination with immune checkpoint inhibition therapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy might achieve better therapeutic effects. Currently, several clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of these vaccines. Further development of sequencing technologies and bioinformatics algorithms, as well as an improvement in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying tumor development, will expand the application of neoantigen vaccines in the future.
Agrobacterium is a definable genus of the family Rhizobiaceae (2003)

Members of the genus Agrobacterium constitute a diverse group of organisms, all of which, when harbouring the appropriate plasmids, are capable of causing neoplastic growths on susceptible host plants. The agrobacteria, which are members of the family Rhizobiaceae, can be differentiated into at least three biovars, corresponding to species divisions based on differential biochemical and physiological tests. Recently, Young et al. [Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51 (2003), 89-103] proposed to incorporate all members of the genus Agrobacterium into the genus RHIZOBIUM: We present evidence from classical and molecular comparisons that supports the conclusion that the biovar 1 and biovar 3 agrobacteria are sufficiently different from members of the genus Rhizobium to warrant retention of the genus AGROBACTERIUM: The biovar 2 agrobacteria cluster more closely to the genus Rhizobium, but some studies suggest that these isolates differ from species of Rhizobium with respect to their capacity to interact with plants. We conclude that there is little scientific support for the proposal to group the agrobacteria into the genus Rhizobium and consequently recommend retention of the genus AGROBACTERIUM:
Intraoperative assessment of tumor margins during glioma resection by desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (2017)

Intraoperative desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) is used to characterize tissue smears by comparison with a library of DESI mass spectra of pathologically determined tissue types. Measurements are performed in the operating room within 3 min. These mass spectra provide direct information on tumor infiltration into white or gray brain matter based on <i>N</i>-acetylaspartate (NAA) and on membrane-derived complex lipids. The mass spectra also indicate the isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation status of the tumor via detection of 2-hydroxyglutarate, currently assessed postoperatively on biopsied tissue using immunohistochemistry. Intraoperative DESI-MS measurements made at surgeon-defined positions enable assessment of relevant disease state of tissue within the tumor mass and examination of the resection cavity walls for residual tumor. Results for 73 biopsies from 10 surgical resection cases show that DESI-MS allows detection of glioma and estimation of high tumor cell percentage (TCP) at surgical margins with 93% sensitivity and 83% specificity. TCP measurements from NAA are corroborated by indirect measurements based on lipid profiles. Notably, high percentages (>50%) of unresected tumor were found in one-half of the margin biopsy smears, even in cases where postoperative MRI suggested gross total tumor resection. Unresected tumor causes recurrence and malignant progression, as observed within a year in one case examined in this study. These results corroborate the utility of DESI-MS in assessing surgical margins for maximal safe tumor resection. Intraoperative DESI-MS analysis of tissue smears, ex vivo, can be inserted into the current surgical workflow with no alterations. The data underscore the complexity of glioma infiltration.
Electrochemical biosensors for on-chip detection of oxidative stress from immune cells (2011)

Seamless integration of biological components with electrochemical sensors is critical in the development of microdevices for cell analysis. The present paper describes the integration miniature Au electrodes next to immune cells (macrophages) in order to detect cell-secreted hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). Photopatterning of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels was used to both immobilize horseradish peroxidase molecules onto electrodes and to define regions for cell attachment in the vicinity of sensing electrodes. Electrodes micropatterned in such a manner were enclosed inside poly(dimethylsiloxane) fluid conduits and incubated with macrophages. The cells attached onto the exposed glass regions in the vicinity of the electrodes and nowhere else on the non-fouling PEG hydrogel surface. A microfluidic device was converted into an electrochemical cell by placing flow-through Ag∕AgCl reference and Pt wire counter electrodes at the outlet and inlet, respectively. This microdevice with integrated H(2)O(2)-sensing electrodes had sensitivity of 27 μA∕cm(2) mM with a limit of detection of 2 μM. Importantly, this microdevice allowed controllable seeding of macrophages next to electrodes, activation of these cells and on-chip monitoring of H(2)O(2) release in real time. In the future, this biosensor platform may be utilized for monitoring of macrophage responses to pathogens or for the study of inflammatory signaling in micropatterned cell cultures.
SONOS nonvolatile semiconductor memories for space and military applications (2002)

Silicon-Oxide-Nitride-Oxide-Silicon (SONOS) based nonvolatile memory has emerged as the most mature nonvolatile semiconductor memory (NVSM) currently in use for space applications. SONOS 64k EEPROMs have been flying in numerous satellite applications since 1992 with a 256k EEPROM version of this part qualified for space applications in 2000. This paper summarizes the production and development status of a family of SONGS-based devices (EEPROMs, FPGAs, Controller ASICs) currently being manufactured at the Northrop Grumman Corporation (NGC) Advanced Technology Laboratories in Baltimore, Maryland.
Neuraminidase inhibitor resistance in influenza viruses (2007)

Zanamivir and oseltamivir, the currently marketed influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs), are prescribed for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza and are being stockpiled for pandemic influenza. Oseltamivir resistance has been reported in up to 2% of patients in clinical trials of oseltamivir and in up to 18% of treated children. There are also reports in at least three patients treated with oseltamivir for influenza A (H5N1) infections. At this stage, there are no reports of resistance occurring to zanamivir in immunocompetent patients. Zanamivir and oseltamivir bind differently at the neuraminidase catalytic site and this contributes to different drug resistance profiles. The magnitude and duration of NAI concentrations at the site of infection are also expected to be important factors and are determined by route and timing of drug administration, dose, and pharmacokinetic differences between patients. In addition, the type, strain, and virulence of the influenza strain and the nature of the immune response all appear to play a role in determining the likelihood of drug resistance arising. The clinical significance of a particular NAI-resistant isolate from a patient is often not clear but virus viability and transmissibility are clearly important characteristics. Early initiation of NAI treatment in suspected cases of influenza is important for maximizing efficacy and minimizing the risk of drug resistance. Higher NAI doses and longer periods of treatment may be required for patients with influenza A (H5N1) infections but further work is needed in this area.
A computerized tomography (CT) scan appliance for optimal presurgical and preprosthetic planning of the implant patient. (1993)

This article describes the technique for using the CT (computerized axial tomography) scans, with specially designed software and an adjunct appliance, for accurate planning of dental implants and implant-supported restorations. The available bone can be evaluated, surgical problems anticipated, and errors in placement avoided. The learning objective of this article is an enhanced knowledge of the extended application of the CT scans and the use of the orientation and immobilization appliance.
Tetrahydrocannabinol Homologs and Analogs with Marihuana Activity. X<sup>1</sup> (1941)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTetrahydrocannabinol Homologs and Analogs with Marihuana Activity. X1Roger Adams, C. M. Smith, and S. LoeweCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1941, 63, 7, 1973–1976Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1941Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1941https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01852a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01852a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views125Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts