gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intercarrier Interference Suppression for OFDMA Uplink in Time- and Frequency-Selective Fading Channels (2008)

This paper investigates intercarrier interference (ICI) suppression and channel estimation for the uplink of an orthogonal frequency-division multiple-access (OFDMA) system in a time- and frequency-selective fading channel. In such a doubly selective channel, channel variations within each OFDMA block disrupt the orthogonality among subcarriers and leads to ICI. We develop an appropriate signal model for the OFDMA uplink in a doubly selective fading channel and propose a minimum mean square error (MMSE) scheme and an MMSE successive detection (MMSE-SD) scheme to suppress ICI. It is shown that the MMSE scheme is the optimal linear scheme in terms of maximizing achievable data rate and that the MMSE-SD scheme is able to further remove ICI and exploit the Doppler diversity embedded in time-varying channels. As an essential component in ICI suppression, channel estimation is also considered. A basis expansion model (BEM) is formulated for the OFDMA uplink channel, and a pilot-aided channel-estimation algorithm is developed to track users' channels in the time domain. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the overall performance improvements that can be obtained from using the proposed ICI suppression and channel-estimation schemes.
<i>Galleria mellonella</i>infection models for the study of bacterial diseases and for antimicrobial drug testing (2016)

Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth or honeycomb moth) has been introduced as an alternative model to study microbial infections. G. mellonella larvae can be easily and inexpensively obtained in large numbers and are simple to use as they don't require special lab equipment. There are no ethical constraints and their short life cycle makes them ideal for large-scale studies. Although insects lack an adaptive immune response, their innate immune response shows remarkable similarities with the immune response in vertebrates. This review gives a current update of what is known about the immune system of G. mellonella and provides an extensive overview of how G. mellonella is used to study the virulence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, the use of G. mellonella to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial agents and experimental phage therapy are also discussed. The review concludes with a critical assessment of the current limitatons of G. mellonella infection models.
Feasibility of a Multiplex Flow Cytometric Bead Immunoassay for Detection of Anti-Epoetin Alfa Antibodies (2007)

Immunogenicity profiles of recombinant therapeutic proteins are important to understand because antibodies raised against these molecules may have important clinical sequelae. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate that a flow cytometric bead array could be used to detect clinically relevant antibodies with specificity to such therapeutics. We chose to evaluate well-characterized specimens from persons treated with epoetin alfa that developed antibody-mediated pure red blood cell aplasia as a means to demonstrate the utility of this platform. Our data show that this assay is capable of detecting anti-epoetin alfa antibodies with a relative antibody concentration of 50 ng/ml, where 25 of 25 sera spiked with antibodies at this concentration scored positive. Moreover, the assay was designed to include positive and negative control beads for each specimen that is processed to ensure the specificity of the signal when detected. Measurement of interassay precision supports quantitative estimates of relative antibody concentrations in the range of 313 to 5,000 ng/ml, where the percent coefficient of variation did not exceed 20%. With respect to clinical specimens, antibodies with specificity for epoetin alfa could be easily detected in a set of specimens from persons with pure red blood cell aplasia that had prior exposure to the EPREX brand of recombinant epoetin alfa. Further development and validation of this approach may facilitate successful widespread application of the method for detection of anti-epoetin alfa antibodies, as well as antibodies directed against other recombinant therapeutic proteins.
Interventions to Reduce 30-Day Rehospitalization: A Systematic Review (2011)

None.
Cardiovascular pharmacological effects of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid derivatives. (2002)

Tetrandrine, dauricine, daurisoline and neferine are bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid derivatives isolated from Chinese traditional medicine and herbs. The cardiovascular pharmacological effects and the mechanism of actions of these compounds were reviewed. Tetrandrine isolated from Stephania tetrandra S Moore possesses antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic effects. The antihypertensive effects of tetrandrine have been demonstrated in experimental hypertensive animals and in hypertensive patients. Recent studies showed that in addition to its calcium antagonistic effect, tetrandrine interacted with M receptors. Modulation by M receptor is one of the pharmacological mechanisms of cardiovascular effects of tetrandrine. Dauricine and daurisoloine were isolated from Menispermum dauricum DC. The antiarrhythmic effects of dauricine have been verified in different experimental arrhythmic models and in cardiac arrhythmic patients. Dauricine blocked the cardiac transmembrane Na+,K+ and Ca2+ ion currents. Differing from quinidine and sotalol, which exhibited reverse use-dependent effect, dauricine prolonged APD in a normal use-dependent manner in experimental studies. The antiarrhythmic effect of daurisoline and neferine which is an alkaloid isolated from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn, and their mechanisms of actions have also been studied. The antiarrhythmic effect of daurisoline is more potent than that of dauricine.
Admission Control Schemes Guaranteeing Customer QoS in Commercial Web Sites (2003)

Many commercial web sites, as web stores, have recently experienced performance problems due to the growth of Internet trading. One way to improve a site&apos;s performance during overload is to introduce admission control mechanisms. In this paper we develop and investigate two admission control schemes specifically for distributed commercial web sites. One of the schemes is request-based and the other one is session-based. A queuing network model is used to investigate a distributed site representing a web store. We find that both schemes improve the site&apos;s performance during overload. However, while the sessionbased control scheme guarantees a good customer QoS, the request-based scheme generates a large amount of so called angry customers.
Analysis of latchup susceptibility in CMOS circuits (1984)

The traditional npn- pnp transistor model for CMOS latchup does not adequately describe the performance of modern epitaxial devices, especially when holding voltage is in excess of one volt. In this paper, a model is discussed which correctly represents bulk ohmic voltage drop in the latchup region near the surface of epitaxial devices. Analysis of this model indicates that, for sufficiently thin epitaxial layers, tank contact placement is the most important factor in producing latchup free devices with holding voltage greater than the power supply voltage. Effects of substrate, bias are also discussed, and it is concluded that although holding voltage is increased by application of substrate bias. use of an on-chip charge pump to provide the bias can produce undesirable cumulative transient effects.
Telomeres and Thyroid Cancer (2009)

Telomeres are specialized structures at the ends of chromosomes, consisting of hundreds of repeated hexanucleotides (TTAGGG)n. Genetic integrity is partly maintained by the architecture of telomeres and it is gradually lost as telomeres progressively shorten with each cell replication, due to incomplete lagging DNA strand synthesis and oxidative damage. Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase enzyme that counteracts telomere shortening by adding telomeric repeats to the G-rich strand. It is composed of a telomerase RNA component and a protein component, telomerase reverse transcriptase. In the absence of telomerase or when the activity of the enzyme is low compared to the replicative erosion, apoptosis is triggered. Patients who have inherited genetic defects in telomere maintenance seem to have an increased risk of developing familial benign diseases or malignant diseases. At the somatic level, telomerase is reactivated in the majority of human carcinomas, suggesting that telomerase reactivation is a critical step for cancerogenesis.In sporadic thyroid carcinoma telomerase activity is detectable in nearly 50% of thyroid cancer tissues and some authors proposed that the detection of telomerase activity may be used for differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid tumours. Recently a germline alteration of telomere-telomerase complex has been identified in patients with familial papillary thyroid cancer, characterized by short telomeres and increased expression and activity of telomerase compared to patients with sporadic papillary thyroid cancer.In this report, we will review the role of telomere-telomerase complex in sporadic and familial thyroid cancer.
Melting of Discrete Vortices via Quantum Fluctuations (2006)

We consider nonlinear boson states with a nontrivial phase structure in the three-site Bose-Hubbard ring, quantum discrete vortices (or q vortices), and study their "melting" under the action of quantum fluctuations. We calculate the spatial correlations in the ground states to show the superfluid-insulator crossover and analyze the fidelity between the exact and variational ground states to explore the validity of the classical analysis. We examine the phase coherence and the effect of quantum fluctuations on q vortices and reveal that the breakdown of these coherent structures through quantum fluctuations accompanies the superfluid-insulator crossover.
Plasma hormone concentrations associated with early embryo mortality in heifers. (1981)

Results of a detailed study involving 18 pregnant, 17 cyclic and 12 inseminated but non-pregnant Holstein heifers indicated the following. (1) Jugular plasma progesterone concentrations were higher (P less than 0.05) in pregnant than in cyclic or in inseminated--non-pregnant animals from Days 10 through 18. (2) Jugular plasma progesterone concentrations of inseminated--non-pregnant animals could be related to heifers in which (a) fertilization may not have occurred (N = 5); (b) embryonic death may have occurred between Days 6 and 9 (N = 5); and (c) embryo mortality may have occurred shortly before Day 18 (N = 2). (3) Jugular plasma oestradiol concentrations were higher (P less than 0.05) in pregnant than in cyclic animals between Days 10 and 18; the oestrogen values of the inseminated--non-pregnant animals resembled those of the pregnant animals. (4) The steroid-synthesizing capabilities of incubated luteal tissues from inseminated--non-pregnant heifers more closely resembled those of tissues from pregnant animals than those of cyclic animals. (5) At Day 18 PGF concentrations in endometrial and luteal tissues and ovarian arterial plasma did not differ among the 3 groups. (6) PGF and progesterone concentrations of luteal tissues were negatively correlated (r = -0.77, P less than 0.05) in cyclic animals and positively correlated (r = 0.73, P less than 0.05) in pregnant animals, implying a luteotrophic effect of PGF in pregnant animals. These results suggested a luteotrophic effect of the embryo, beginning as early as Day 10 of pregnancy, and the results of further experiments suggested that (i) homogenates and extracts of Day 18 bovine embryos contain one or more substances capable of stimulating progesterone synthesis in dispersed bovine luteal cell preparations; (ii) the luteotrophic activity was proportional to the protein contents of the embryo homogenates; and (iii) the luteotrophic activity was heat labile and was removed from homogenates by dialysis, indicating a structure of one or more relatively small molecules.
Reducing the risk of cancer by healthy food choices and physical activity (2013)

If you believe that cancer is a disease that strikes from nowhere with little in the power of a person to prevent, then you would be wrong on both counts. Many cases of cancer are considered preventable by simple nutrition and lifestyle changes.
DETECT, NOT DETONATE (2003)

SUBTITLE: ENTREPRENEURS HOPE TO CASH IN ON RADIATION DETECTION SYSTEMS FOR CARGO CONTAINERS.
Positional cloning of the PEX gene: new insights into the pathophysiology of X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (1997)

X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (HYP) is the most common form of hereditary renal phosphate wasting. The hallmarks of this disease are isolated renal phosphate wasting with inappropriately normal calcitriol concentrations and a mineralization defect in bone. Studies in the Hyp mouse, one of the murine models of the human disease, suggest that there is an approximately 50% decrease in both message and protein of NPT-2, the predominant sodium-phosphate cotransporter in the proximal tubule. However, human NPT-2 maps to chromosome 5q35, indicating that it is not the disease gene. Positional cloning studies have led to the identification of a gene, PEX, which is responsible for the disorder. Further studies have led to identification of the murine Pex gene, which is mutated in the murine models of the disorder. These studies, in concert with other studies, have led to improved understanding of the pathophysiology of HYP and a new appreciation for the complexity of normal phosphate homeostasis.
Introduction to Report of Special Committee to Consider Sanctions for Frivolous Litigation in New York State Courts (1990)

The Committee's Report sets forth recommendations and a proposed sanctions rule. The recommendations reflect the Committee's consideration and rejection of certain of the basic principles which underlie Rule 11 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
Fluorescent Sensors for Measuring Metal Ions in Living Systems (2014)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTFluorescent Sensors for Measuring Metal Ions in Living SystemsKyle P. Carter, Alexandra M. Young, and Amy E. Palmer*View Author InformationDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, UCB 596, 3415 Colorado AvenueBoulder, Colorado 80303, United States*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2014, 114, 8, 4564–4601Publication Date (Web):March 3, 2014Publication History Received4 October 2013Published online3 March 2014Published inissue 23 April 2014https://doi.org/10.1021/cr400546eCopyright © 2014 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSACS AuthorChoiceArticle Views46107Altmetric-Citations1566LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (8 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Sensors,Metals,Fluorescence,Probes,Ions Get e-Alerts
Changes in serotonin metabolism may elicit obstructive apnoea in the newborn rat. (1993)

1. Experiments were performed on anaesthetized newborn rats (aged 3-10 days) to know whether an increase in central serotonin levels might favour the occurrence of obstructive apnoeas as previously suggested by in vitro results from our group. 2. The levels of serotonin (5-HT), its precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and its metabolite, 5-hydroxyindole-acetic acid (5-HIAA), were analysed in cerebrospinal fluid samples collected at the level of the obex prior to and after intraperitoneal injection of L-tryptophan (50 mg kg-1) in sixty-eight anaesthetized newborn rats (control rats prior to injection and injected rats 15, 30 and 45 min after the injection). A significant increase in 5-HT and 5-HTP levels occurred 30 min after the injection, attesting to the activation of 5-HT biosynthesis. 3. The EMG activity of both the genioglossus and the diaphragm was recorded before and after L-tryptophan load (50 mg kg-1) in twenty-two newborn rats. After the injection of L-tryptophan, the amplitude of the integrated genioglossus activity decreased, or was even abolished, either during a few respiratory cycles or for long periods in twenty-one out of twenty-two animals. Recovery of the genioglossus activity occurred within 45-60 min. 4. The thoracic respiratory movements and the resulting upper airway pressure changes were recorded before and after L-tryptophan injection (50 mg kg-1) in sixty-two animals. In some litters (n = 7), most of the animals (21/25) displayed, within 20-40 min of the injection, recurrent episodes of obstructive apnoea often followed by central ones. These respiratory difficulties became severe and drastic, and led in two instances to respiratory distress and death. Lower doses of L-tryptophan (10 mg kg-1) did not induce any respiratory disorders unless these were potentiated by pargyline treatment (50 mg kg-1, n = 7). The obstructive apnoeas liable to occur after an L-tryptophan load (50 mg kg-1) were prevented by blocking the 5-HT receptor with methysergide (50 mg kg-1, n = 5) or by blocking the 5-HT biosynthesis by applying p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) pretreatment at birth (300 mg kg-1, n = 7). In other litters (n = 6), none of the eighteen newborn rats tested were affected by L-tryptophan, however, In five young adult rats, L-tryptophan again had no effect.4+ ĕ
Mutant of <i>Escherichia coli</i> K-12 Missing Acetolactate Synthase Activity (1974)

A mutant requiring isoleucine and valine for growth, because of the absence of acetolactate synthase activity, has been isolated. At least one of three different genes (ilvG, ilvB, ilvI) is required for the expression of acetolactate synthase activity, thus suggesting the presence of three different acetolactate synthase isoenzymes.
Mobile Social Networks and Social Practice: A Case Study of Dodgeball (2007)

A mobile social network system (MSNS) allows groups of friends to be accessed and engaged with from one’s mobile phone. Dodgeball is a MSNS that seeks to facilitate social connection and coordination among friends in urban public spaces. Based on a year-long qualitative field study, this article reports on the social and behavioral norms of Dodgeball use. A comparison between social network sites and Dodgeball highlights some of the communicative differences of mobile technology and the Internet. The findings of the study suggest that Dodgeball use can influence the way that informants experience public space and social relations therein. At times Dodgeball can facilitate the creation of third spaces, which are dynamic and itinerant forms of “third places.” Additionally, exchanging messages through Dodgeball can lead to social molecularization, whereby active Dodgeball members experience and move through the city in a collective manner.
Expression of biological active VHH camelid single domain antibody in transgenic tobacco (2011)

Functional VHH single domain antibody lacking light chains occur naturally in Camelidae. The single domain nature of VHH gives rise to several unique features when compared to antigen-binding derivatives of conventional antibodies. The level of expression in Escherichia coli was found to be too low for therapeutic purposes. Therefore, there is a need to examine other production systems such as plants. Several plants are the facile and economic bioreactor for large-scale production of industrial and pharmaceutical agents like proteins and antibodies. Here, we have selected tobacco as the host plant because of large scale production capability and many other advantages such as greater safety and lower production costs when compared to animal-based systems. In this study, we have subcloned VHH gene into pBI121 using phasmid pCANTAB5E. The new construct was used to transform the Agrobacterium strains C58GV3101 and LBA4404. Agrobacterium strain C58GV3101 showed a higher virulence on leaf disks of Nicotiana tabacum (NC25). Transgenic tobacco plants were then developed by introducing VHH gene under the control of CaMV 35S promoter. The presence of the VHH antibody gene in the plant genome was verified by PCR analysis and Southern hybridization experiments. Northern blot analysis showed that the genes coding for the VHH could be expressed in tobacco plants. Three lines of transgenic plant that expresses high levels of mRNA were screened in a further analysis. The expression of VHH was then observed in transgenic plants by ELISA using the specific antibody developed, the results showed three to five folds higher than non-transgenic tobaccos.
Extracting knowledge from chemical imaging data using computational algorithms for digital cancer diagnosis. (2015)

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging is an emerging microscopy modality for clinical histopathologic diagnoses as well as for biomedical research. Spectral data recorded in this modality are indicative of the underlying, spatially resolved biochemical composition but need computerized algorithms to digitally recognize and transform this information to a diagnostic tool to identify cancer or other physiologic conditions. Statistical pattern recognition forms the backbone of these recognition protocols and can be used for highly accurate results. Aided by biochemical correlations with normal and diseased states and the power of modern computer-aided pattern recognition, this approach is capable of combating many standing questions of traditional histology-based diagnosis models. For example, a simple diagnostic test can be developed to determine cell types in tissue. As a more advanced application, IR spectral data can be integrated with patient information to predict risk of cancer, providing a potential road to precision medicine and personalized care in cancer treatment. The IR imaging approach can be implemented to complement conventional diagnoses, as the samples remain unperturbed and are not destroyed. Despite high potential and utility of this approach, clinical implementation has not yet been achieved due to practical hurdles like speed of data acquisition and lack of optimized computational procedures for extracting clinically actionable information rapidly. The latter problem has been addressed by developing highly efficient ways to process IR imaging data but remains one that has considerable scope for progress. Here, we summarize the major issues and provide practical considerations in implementing a modified Bayesian classification protocol for digital molecular pathology. We hope to familiarize readers with analysis methods in IR imaging data and enable researchers to develop methods that can lead to the use of this promising technique for digital diagnosis of cancer.