gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Platelet-released phospholipids link haemostasis and angiogenesis (2001)

Considerable attention has focused on identifying mediators of neovascularization at sites of growth and abnormal tissue development. By contrast, mediators of angiogenesis at sites of injury and wound repair are not well defined but factors generated during blood coagulation (haemostasis) are attractive candidates. In addition to proteins generated, activated and released during the activation of clotting cascades, platelet-derived lipid mediators are now known to play a key role in many aspects of the angiogenic response. The first indication of lipid mediator involvement in angiogenesis was the discovery that lysophosphatidate (LPA), phosphatidic acid (PA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (SPP) are high affinity agonists for G-protein coupled EDG (endothelial differentiation gene) receptors. The prototype for this family, EDG-1, was cloned from genes expressed when endothelial cells were activated to assume an angiogenic phenotype in vitro. The subsequent finding that SPP is a high affinity ligand for EDG-1 led Spiegel, Hla and associates (Lee et al., Science 1998;279:1552-1555) to hypothesize that platelet-released phospholipids play an important role in angiogenesis. These investigators and others demonstrated that SPP, LPA and phosphatidate (PA) induce many important endothelial cell responses associated with angiogenesis, including liberation of endothelial cells from established monolayers, chemotactic migration, proliferation, adherens junction assembly and morphogenesis into capillary-like structures. Although these studies indicated the potential involvement of platelet-derived phospholipids in angiogenesis, their physiological importance was not established. However, recent work demonstrates that >80% of the potent endothelial cell chemoattractive activity generated in human serum during clotting--an activity necessary for optimal angiogenesis--results from platelet-derived SPP. Other factors released from platelets during clotting, including LPA and PA, exert profound effects on endothelial cells that contribute unique aspects to the angiogenic response. These combined studies establish that SPP and other platelet-derived lipid mediators provide a novel link between haemostasis and angiogenesis.
OBJECT SELECTION IN VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS USING AN IMPROVED VIRTUAL POINTER METAPHOR (2006)

In this paper we describe object selection techniques and metaphors for virtual environments (VEs). By combining and extending known techniques, we introduce an improved virtual pointer metaphor which enhances interactive object selection. The extension of the virtual pointer metaphor is based on a bendable ray, which is visualized by a quadratic beziér curve. While a straight ray visualizes the direction of the virtual pointer, the bendable ray points to the closest selectable object. Strategies for determining this object are discussed and compared.
Integrated voice/data switching (1988)

A basic understanding of the technical problems in integrating voice and data is provided. The different types of traffic found in communication systems are examined. Integration is investigated at different levels. In particular, the focus is on the integration of voice and data at the switching level. Different switching approaches are compared and some integrated-switching systems are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
TRANSPARENT TESTA1 interacts with R2R3‐MYB factors and affects early and late steps of flavonoid biosynthesis in the endothelium of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> seeds (2011)

Wild type seed coats of Arabidopsis thaliana are brown due to the accumulation of proanthocyanidin pigments (PAs). The pigmentation requires activation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis genes and mutations in some of these genes cause a yellow appearance of seeds, termed transparent testa (tt) phenotype. The TT1 gene encodes a WIP-type zinc finger protein and is expressed in the seed coat endothelium where most of the PAs accumulate in wild type plants. In this study we show that TT1 is not only required for correct expression of PA-specific genes in the seed coat, but also affects CHS, encoding the first enzyme of flavonoid biosynthesis. Many steps of this pathway are controlled by complexes of MYB and BHLH proteins with the WD40 factor TTG1. We demonstrate that TT1 can interact with the R2R3 MYB protein TT2 and that ectopic expression of TT2 can partially restore the lack in PA production in tt1. Reduced seed coat pigmentation was obtained using a TT1 variant lacking nuclear localisation signals. Based on our results we propose that the TT2/TT8/TTG1 regulon may also comprise early genes like CHS and discuss steps to further unravel the regulatory network controlling flavonoid accumulation in endothelium cells during A. thaliana seed development.
[A reliable method for internal jugular vein catheterization for neonates and infants using a small-caliber Doppler probe]. (1996)

Eighteen neonates and infants scheduled for cardiac surgery, ranging from 1 to 42 months in ages and from 1.9 to 14.6 kg in weight, were placed in supine position under general anesthesia. The neck was moderately extended with the head turned to the left. The pathways of the right carotid artery and the internal jugular vein (IJV) were located with a Doppler probe (2.0 mm in diameter, HAYASHI Electric, TOKYO) using 10 MHz ultrasound wave. The pathways of the vessels were drawn on the skin surface and the IJV was cannulated with a 24-gauge catheter over needle (Neophron, Ohmeda, USA) along the drawn pathway. A 0.015-inch guidewire was passed through the 24-guage catheter, and a central venous catheter was placed in the IJV employing to the Seldinger method. In 16 out of 18 patients the pathways of the IJV was clearly differentiated from that of the carotid artery and the catheterization was successful without any undesirable events. In the remaining 2 patients the left IJV was catherized using the same method. No complications related to the catheterization were observed. Our catheterization method is thought to be highly reliable and safe in small pediatric patients.
Interaction between mRNA, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton (1991)

Research Article| July 01 1991 Interaction between mRNA, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton J E Hesketh; J E Hesketh *Division of Biochemical Sciences, Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar I F Pryme I F Pryme †Biokjemisk Institutt, Universitetet i Bergen, Årstadveien 19, N-5009 Bergen, Norway Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1991) 277 (1): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2770001 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J E Hesketh, I F Pryme; Interaction between mRNA, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Biochem J 1 July 1991; 277 (1): 1–10. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2770001 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1991 The Biochemical Society, London1991 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Random pulse width modulation techniques for converter fed drive systems-a review (2002)

A review of the state of the art in RPWM (random pulse width modulation) theory and practice is presented. Topics covered include principles of RPWM, means of randomization, a review of the existing RPWM techniques, power spectra, implementation issues, and documented effects of RPWM on electric drive systems. A number of RWPM strategies have been reported, and a beneficial impact on acoustic noise and vibration has been unamiously agreed upon. Published studies have proven that significant improvement of the acoustic noise characteristics of the motors can be achieved at practically no extra expense in comparison with the systems with traditional, deterministic PWM strategies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pyruvate‐formate‐lyase‐deactivase and acetyl‐CoA reductase activities of <i>Escherichia coli</i> reside on a polymeric protein particle encoded by <i>adhE</i> (1991)

A 4.8 kb DNA-fragment was cloned and sequenced encompassing the structural gene of PFL-deactivase (2.7 kb) and 2 kb of the 5' flanking region that contains the elements for anaerobic induction. A mutant lacking deactivase was shown to require exogenous electron acceptors for anaerobic growth with glucose. This revealed the identity of PFL-deactivase with the alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenases of E. coli. The multienzyme represents a homopolymeric protein (approximately 40 x 96 kDa) requiring Fe2+ for all functions.
Effect of a global alteration of running technique on kinematics and economy (2005)

In this study, we examined the consequences of a global alteration in running technique on running kinematics and running economy in triathletes. Sixteen sub-elite triathletes were pre and post tested for running economy and running kinematics at 215 and 250 m.min-1. The members of the treatment group (n=8) were exposed to 12 weeks of instruction in the "pose method" of running, while the members of the control group (n=8) maintained their usual running technique. After the treatment period, the experimental group demonstrated a significant decrease in mean stride length (from 137.25+/-7.63 cm to 129.19+/-7.43 cm; P<0.05), a post-treatment difference in vertical oscillation compared with the control group (6.92+/-1.00 vs. 8.44+/-1.00 cm; P<0.05) and a mean increase in submaximal absolute oxygen cost (from 3.28+/-0.36 l.min-1 to 3.53+/-0.43 l.min-1; P<0.01). The control group exhibited no significant changes in either running kinematics or oxygen cost. The global change in running mechanics associated with 12 weeks of instruction in the pose method resulted in a decrease in stride length, a reduced vertical oscillation in comparison with the control group and a decrease of running economy in triathletes.
CURRENT DISTRIBUTIONS IN COCHLEAR STIMULATIONa (1983)

Animal experimental studies have shown length constants of 2-4 mm for bipolar and 8-16 mm for monopolar stimulations. Studies in models using saline-solution-filled tubes have allowed us to examine the radial and longitudinal current distribution for pseudobipolar stimulation and have demonstrated that current localization is the same for bipolar and pseudobipolar stimulation over a 6-10-dB operating range. With coincident pseudobipolar multiple-channel stimulation there was suppression of the current between the stimulus maxima and enhancement at the edges leading to less stimulus interaction. Experiments performed with a pseudobipolar electrode implanted into the human cochlea showed that there was significant spread of current along the ground electrode because the electrode ground impedance was significantly greater than the cochlear tissue impedances. Because this leads to less current returned at each ground electrode, the pseudobipolar array will result in less interaction for coincident stimulation.
Consensus Statement by the Expert Advisory Committee (2012)

Тема: Место комбинированной гиполипидемической терапии (статин + эзетимиб) в лечении дислипидемий Дата: 09.10.2011 Место проведения: г. Москва Председатели: Президент ВНОК, акад. РАМН Р.Г. Оганов Председатель Европейского общества по атеросклерозу проф. А.Катапано, Президент Национального Общества по изучению атеросклероза, чл.-корр. РАМН В.В. Кухарчук Эксперты: С.В. Виллевальде (Москва), А.С. Галявич (Казань), В.С. Гуревич (Санкт-Петербург), М.В. Ежов (Москва), Ю.А. Карпов (Москва), Ж.Д. Кобалава (Москва), Н.А. Козиолова (Пермь), В.Ю. Мареев (Москва), А.В. Панов (Санкт-Петербург), И.В. Сергиенко (Москва), В.В. Скибицкий (Краснодар), А.В. Сусеков (Москва), И.В. Фомин (Нижний Новгород)
The design of an automatic patching system (1968)

An automatic patching system for analog computers is proposed. The system patches any set of component ter minals together, yet size and cost are practical. The design is accomplished in three steps: First, a "model" analog computer is defined and its components divided into modules. Components within a module connect to one another through an "intraface" which allows any terminal to connect to any other ter minal. Problem sections are patched within the modules and then joined together by an "intermodular" trunking system. Secondly, the principle of module chaining permits in dividual modules to access a limited number of other modules, rather than all other modules. This reduces the number of patching switches required by the intermodular trunking system and reduces the overall number of switches required. The third step, called concentration, brings the required number of patching switches down to a practical value by assuming that all analog computer terminals will not be in use at once. Switching devices called "concentrators" exploit this fact to reduce switch requirements. The automatic patching system is driven by a digital computer under control of specialized software, and to gether with the automatic patching control system it can patch large problems in times of the order of fifteen sec onds. The information in this paper is a result of work done for a Master of Science thesis. 1
Fine-grained tracking of Grid infections (2010)

Previous distributed anomaly detection efforts have operated on summary statistics gathered from each node. This has the advantage that the audit trail is limited in size since event sets can be succinctly represented. While this minimizes the bandwidth consumed and helps scale the detection to a large number of nodes, it limits the infrastructure's ability to identify the source of anomalies. We describe three optimizations that together allow fine-grained tracking of the sources of anomalous activity in a Grid, thereby facilitating precise responses. We demonstrate the scheme's scalability in terms of storage and network bandwidth overhead with an implementation on nodes running BOINC. The results generalize to other types of Grids as well.
Thermally stable high molecular weight polyoxymethylenes (1959)

Abstract In this, the first of a series of five papers, the historical development of formaldehyde polymers, beginning with the work of Butlerov and continuing through the investigations of Staudinger and his collaborators, is reviewed. Recent studies in these laboratories have led to thermally stable high polymers of formaldehyde. Initiators and the role of impurities in the polymerization are described. An explanation is offered to account for differences in thermal stabilities between old and new polymers. Esterification, by which further increases in thermal stability are achieved, is described. It is proposed that the generic term “acetal resin” be used to described high polymers that are composed of repeating oxymethylene units.
The role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. (2000)

The immunohistochemical diagnosis of mesothelioma is perhaps one of the most perplexing and controversial issues in surgical pathology. A tumor that in essence is extremely rare has managed to captivate the attention not only of pulmonologists and thoracic surgeons but also of pathologists. Throughout its history, mesothelioma has emerged as one of the tumors that has evaded definitive characterization; hence, the numerous attempts at trying to establish not only histological criteria but also histochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural guidelines for its diagnosis. Perhaps as we enter an era of more sophisticated technology, molecular biology will have an opportunity to make inroads into the diagnosis and characterization of this peculiar neoplasm. Despite the many difficulties involved in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma, we have recently gained significant knowledge of this entity in many respects, several decades after its description. From a morphological point of view, several variations of the histological appearances that these tumors may exhibit have been described. Traditional histochemistry and electron microscopy continue to play an important role in the evaluation of these neoplasms, with ultrastructural analysis in particular representing the most reliable technique for making this diagnosis in equivocal cases. However, because of its speed, cost-effectiveness, and general availability, immunohistochemistry has emerged as the most commonly used procedure for the diagnosis of mesotheliomas. We herein present a review of the current status of immunohistochemical evaluation of malignant lesions that are suspected of having a mesothelial lineage.
Intralesional recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha for AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma: a randomized, double-blind trial. (1989)

The effect of recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF), injected directly into the tumor, was evaluated in a Phase I/II study of 27 patients with AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). The maximally tolerated intralesional dose was less than 100 micrograms/m2 and the recommended intralesional dose was 25 micrograms/m2. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, rTNF reduced the cross-sectional area of 15 of 16 (94%) of the injected KS lesions and caused complete disappearance of 3 of 16 (19%) lesions. Only injected lesions showed a response. Rigors and fever were common dose-dependent side effects and were attenuated by meperidine. There were no changes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity as determined by serum p24 antigen levels. While biologically active, the systemic toxicity of rTNF as well as the lack of distant antitumor effects in noninjected lesions limits its clinical usefulness under the conditions employed in this trial.
Entrapment of bioactive compounds within native albumin beads: III. Evaluation of parameters affecting drug release. (1987)

A simple and easily controlled method for preparing microbeads has been developed using a w/o emulsion technique. Under constant process variables (temperature, stirring, etc.), the formulation variables associated with the oil phase that can be altered that affect the size of beads produced are density, viscosity, and interfacial tension. Viscosity and interfacial tension were found to be important factors. Increasing the viscosity of the oil phase decreases the mean size and size distribution of the microbeads produced and results in an increase in the release rate of 1-norgestrel. Decreasing the interfacial tension results in an increase in release rate. Since simple mixtures of oleic acid and light mineral oil offer a series of oil phases with different interfacial tensions but similiar viscosity, it should be possible to prepare microbeads having a desired release rate by simply varying the mixture of oils. Decreasing temperature translates into an increase in release rate of drug through a viscosity effect. Increasing the amount of drug added decreases release rate.
TNF Drives Monocyte Dysfunction with Age and Results in Impaired Anti-pneumococcal Immunity (2016)

Monocyte phenotype and output changes with age, but why this occurs and how it impacts anti-bacterial immunity are not clear. We found that, in both humans and mice, circulating monocyte phenotype and function was altered with age due to increasing levels of TNF in the circulation that occur as part of the aging process. Ly6C+ monocytes from old (18-22 mo) mice and CD14+CD16+ intermediate/inflammatory monocytes from older adults also contributed to this "age-associated inflammation" as they produced more of the inflammatory cytokines IL6 and TNF in the steady state and when stimulated with bacterial products. Using an aged mouse model of pneumococcal colonization we found that chronic exposure to TNF with age altered the maturity of circulating monocytes, as measured by F4/80 expression, and this decrease in monocyte maturation was directly linked to susceptibility to infection. Ly6C+ monocytes from old mice had higher levels of CCR2 expression, which promoted premature egress from the bone marrow when challenged with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Although Ly6C+ monocyte recruitment and TNF levels in the blood and nasopharnyx were higher in old mice during S. pneumoniae colonization, bacterial clearance was impaired. Counterintuitively, elevated TNF and excessive monocyte recruitment in old mice contributed to impaired anti-pneumococcal immunity since bacterial clearance was improved upon pharmacological reduction of TNF or Ly6C+ monocytes, which were the major producers of TNF. Thus, with age TNF impairs inflammatory monocyte development, function and promotes premature egress, which contribute to systemic inflammation and is ultimately detrimental to anti-pneumococcal immunity.
Fluorescence Proteins, Live-Cell Imaging, and Mechanobiology: Seeing Is Believing (2008)

Fluorescence proteins (FPs) have been widely used for live-cell imaging in the past decade. This review summarizes the recent advances in FP development and imaging technologies using FPs to monitor molecular localization and activities and gene expressions in live cells. We also discuss the utilization of FPs to develop molecular biosensors and the principles and application of advanced technologies such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), and chromophore-assisted light inactivation (CALI). We present examples of the application of FPs and biosensors to visualize mechanotransduction events with high spatiotemporal resolutions in live cells. These live-cell imaging technologies, which represent a frontier area in biomedical engineering, can shed new light on the mechanisms regulating mechanobiology at cellular and molecular levels in normal and pathophysiological conditions.
Measurement of Delayed Skin-Test Responses (1975)

Measurement of delayed skin-test responses is a basic clinical procedure, originally used for identification of infection with microbial agents. More recently, skin testing with a battery of antigens has had wide application in the evaluation of cellular immune reactivity of patients with malignant neoplasms. Such measurements may provide important prognostic information.1 , 2 It is generally assumed that every physician knows when and how to read a skin test, and this subject has received little investigative or teaching attention in recent years. Unfortunately, the utility of this simple and universally available method of immunologic examination is compromised by substantial variation in measurements . . .
Magnetic properties and large magnetic-field-induced strains in off-stoichiometric Ni–Mn–Al Heusler alloys (2000)

Magnetic properties and magnetic-field-induced strains (MFIS) have been investigated for off-stoichiometric Ni–Mn–Al Heusler alloys with an ordered L21 structure. A clear martensitic transformation in Ni53Mn25Al22 alloy was revealed below the Curie temperature. In the polycrystalline specimen, an irreversible relative change due to the MFIS was confirmed between the martensite start and finish temperatures Ms and Mf, and a maximum relative length change ΔL/L|7T of about −100 ppm was observed at just above Mf. On the other hand, a large irreversible relative length change of about 1000 ppm has been demonstrated in the magnetic field of 7 T for a single crystal cut from the polycrystalline specimen. A delay of the response of strains against the magnetic field was also confirmed.