gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of the Volatiles from the Peel of Japanese Citrus Fruits (2007)

Abstract Citrus volatiles were extracted from the peel of yuzu and kabosu (Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka and Citrus sphaerocarpa Hort. ex Tanaka) which are typical citrus fruits in Japan, with supercritical carbon dioxide in a semi-continuous flow extractor. The peel of citrus fruits containing oil, water, and solid cellulose materials was used as a feed material in this work. Extraction was carried out at 313–333 K and 10–30 MPa with supercritical CO2 in order to optimize the extraction conditions and to compare the compositions of extracted oils from these fruits. The volatiles were also extracted using hexane (as the solvent) at atmospheric conditions to compare the efficiency of supercritical CO2 extraction. Among the studied conditions, the highest extraction efficiency was observed for both yuzu and kabosu peel at a pressure of 10 MPa and temperature of 333 K that was about 91% and 85%, respectively. The compositions of extracts differed qualitatively and quantitatively from each other in such a way that the monoterpene (C10H16) content obtained was 89.9% in yuzu and 92.5% in kabosu; limonene was the major compound from both fruits. Oxygenated compounds in these oils represented 7.7%, and 4.6% in yuzu and kabosu peel, respectively.
Computer-aided design to support fabrication of wrist splints using 3D printing: A feasibility study (2014)

Introduction Issues contributing to poor patient compliance for splint wear include poor aesthetics, fit and performance. This paper describes a novel digitised splinting process using 3D printing in an attempt to overcome these issues. The output of the investigation was the creation of a specialised computer-aided design software workflow to support 3D printing, developed specifically for splinting practitioners in the UK, to enable them to design splints themselves for each individual patient. Method A small-scale feasibility study was done, based on the current splinting process. A thorough literature review and physical engagement in current splinting practice was performed, highlighting key requirements for successful splint fabrication. Key requirements were then replicated in a virtual software environment. Opportunities for integrating new, novel features were explored. The key requirements were then refined into a specialised software workflow to replicate the splinting process. The specialised software was then evaluated by 10 practitioners. User trials of the software were performed, followed by semi-structured interviews. Audio recordings were transcribed and then coded to establish similar trends of opinions, and areas for future research. No patients or vulnerable participants were involved in the study. Results All participants were able to use and navigate around the software prototype with relative ease. Strengths included potential simplicity in modelling more complex splints, but several areas for future research are identified, including cost analysis and materials development. Discussion The digitised splinting process shows promise for the benefit of both practitioners and their patients, provided that future research and investment can overcome current limitations.
Escarificação ácida na superação da dormência de sementes de pau ferro (Caesalpinea ferrea Mart.ex Tu. var. leiostachya Benth.) (2014)

Seeds of Caesalpinea ferrea Mart. ex Tu. var. leiostachya Benth. present low and irregular germination due to dormancy caused by the impermeability of the tegument. With the purpose to determine an efficient method to accelerate and uniformize seed germination, they were submitted to different immersion periods (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes) in sulfuric acid (95-98%), influence emergency and vigor (first count, speed index, medium time and relative frequency of emergency, length and dry matter of the seedlings). The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions with an experimental design of completely randomized, with seven treatments and four replications. The pre-conditioning of the seeds with immersion in concentrated sulfuric acid was efficient to overcoming seed dormancy, by increasing the percentage and speed emergency, the first count of emergency, length and dry matter of seedlings and reduction in the medium time for emergency. The efficiency of this chemical treatment with concentrated sulfuric depends on the immersion time, and 10 to 20 minutes were the most adequate to provide larger emergency uniformity percentages and vigor.
Applied Informatics Decision Support Tool for Mortality Predictions in Patients With Cancer (2018)

Our fully transparent prediction model was able to distinguish with high precision between highest- and lowest-risk patients. Given the rich data available in electronic health records and advances in machine learning methods, this tool can have significant implications for value-based shared decision making at the point of care and personalized goals-of-care management to catalyze practice reforms.
Deployment and Monitoring (2020)

This chapter looks at the most common tools and techniques for automating MongoDB deployments in production, on-prem, and in cloud-based self-managed environments. We also review different monitoring solutions and tips to help DevOps teams avoid issues and react quickly to changes in the deployment.
Study on optical measurement technology for automotive covering parts (2015)

Aim to demand for automobile covering parts of measurement, this paper puts forward a new kind of optical inspection method, which combines photography with dense point scanning measurement. In order to meet the requirement of measuring the covering parts of automobiles, this paper proposes a new kind of optical inspection method which combines photography with dense points scanning measurement. The photogrammetry is used for landmark coordinates measurement, dense point clouds are gathered by scanning measuring equipment, According to the distance between the landmark invariance, a serial of point clouds are coarse registered with public landmark, a improved ICP method is used to promote the accuracy of registration, Experiments show that ultimately discrete points model can realize optical measurement for automobile covering parts, measurement accuracy in the range of 0.1 mm, it is satisfied the requirement of rapid optical measurement for automobile covering parts.
Experimental realization of a resistive single flux quantum logic circuit (1987)

An integrated circuit including all basic components of the recently suggested Resistive Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) logic family has been designed, fabricated and tested successfully. The circuit includes a generator of periodic SFQ pulses, four buffer/amplifier stages for splitting, channeling and regeneration of the pulses, a detector/load stage, and universal RSFQ logic gate (here performing the NOT function). The 10μm design rule circuit employs 13 active Nb - Al <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> - Nb Josephson junctions with the critical current density ∼ 0.5 kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . externally shunted by Mo resistors with R 1 Ohm. The shunting provided critical damping of the junctions ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\beta_{c}\lsim 1</tex> ) and reasonable ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\sim 500 \mu</tex> V) I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</inf> R product. The circuit operation has been tested by measurement of dc voltages <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\bar{V}_{i}</tex> across various Josephson junctions as functions of the dc current through the pulse generator. Correct and stable operation of the circuit for the clock frequencies from 0 to ∼30 GHz has been demonstrated.
Successful Proppant Fracturing of Ultradeep Sour Gas Reservoir (1989)

ABSTRACT During the past 3 years, a successful stimulation program has been completed with the fracturing of four wells in the Smackover formation. The four wells were stimulated in the Johns Field in Rankin County, Mississippi. The Smackover formation is located at 19,000+ feet and has a bottomhole temperature of about 330° F. The natural gas in the Johns Field contains about 31% H2S and 4% CO2. Three of the four wells in the field had been fracture treated upon initial completion with moderate volume treatments and low concentrations of proppant. It was determined that procedures used in cleaning up these wells combined with the excessively large overburden pressure had reduced the effective fracture conductivity to essentially zero. The high bottomhole temperature (330° F) and high fracturing pressures (19,000 psi) essentially represents the current limits of both fluid technology and pumping equipment. A major effort was made to assure quality control of the fracturing fluid above and beyond that normally done on typical fracturing treatments. On site evaluation of all fracturing fluid using Fann 50 viscometers combined with normal quality control procedures was very beneficial in assuring that quality fluids were mixed and pumped. Intensive reservoir and economic studies were made to evaluate the economic viability of the stimulation treatment prior to each treatment. All of the fracturing treatments have been financial successes and the productivity of the Johns Field has been increased by more than 300%. In fact, further drilling is underway based upon the results of these fracture treatments.
Selected Properties of Predominantly Cotton Staple-Core Knitted Fabrics (1995)

This study of single-jersey knit fabrics is the first to examine the basic properties of staple-core knits. Prior studies revealed certain functional and aesthetic advantages of woven staple-core fabrics when compared to 100% cotton or intimate-blend fabrics of the same construction. In this study, nominal 20s count staple-core yams have been spun on a ring spinning frame that incorporates patented modifications. The staple-core yams contain a high tenacity polyester core and a cotton sheath comprising two-thirds of the yam. The fabrics are knitted on a single-feed jersey knitter with a 88.9 mm (3.5-inch) diameter, 20-gauge cylinder. Fabric properties are examined after five home-laundering cycles, in the greige state, after scouring, and after scouring and heat setting. The staple-core knits are stronger, less permeable, and significantly more abrasion resistant than the cotton controls. They also show less differential shrinkage and look consistently better than the controls after laundering. Greater spirality is evident in the greige staple-core knits than in the cotton knits, but the skewness of all fabrics decreases with additional processing. Skewness is substantially eliminated by substituting S- for Z-twist staple-core yam. Relaxed S-twist staple-core fabrics are also denser and greatly more abrasion resistant than comparable Z-twist knits. This suggests that a reduction of yam torque might further improve the superior properties and performance of staple-core knits. Additional study is required to optimize heat setting procedures and provide meaningful discussion of the dimensional stability of staple- core knit fabrics.
Transforming growth factors-beta 1, -beta 2, and -beta 3 stimulate fibroblast procollagen production in vitro but are differentially expressed during bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. (1997)

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 may potentiate wound healing and fibrosis by stimulating fibroblast collagen deposition. TGF-beta 1 is implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, but the role of TGF-beta 2 and TGF-beta 3 remains unclear. We examined their effects on lung fibroblast procollagen metabolism in vitro and localized their gene expression during bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis using in situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled riboprobes. All three isoforms stimulated fibroblast procollagen production. TGF-beta 3 was the most potent and also reduced procollagen degradation. In normal mouse lung, TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 3 mRNA transcripts were abundant in bronchiolar epithelium. After bleomycin, TGF-beta 1 gene expression was maximally enhanced at 10 days, with the signal being predominant in macrophages. Signal was also enhanced in mesenchymal, pulmonary endothelial, and mesothelial cells. After 35 days, the pattern of TGF-beta 1 gene expression returned to that of control lung. TGF-beta 3 gene expression remained unchanged throughout compared with controls. TGF-beta 2 mRNA was not detected with the antisense probe, but signal obtained with the sense probe suggests the presence of a naturally occurring antisense. This study demonstrates that TGF-beta 1, -beta 2, and -beta 3 all exert profibrotic effects in vitro. However, TGF-beta isoform gene expression is differentially controlled during experimental pulmonary fibrosis with TGF-beta 1 the predominant isoform expressed during pathogenesis.
Repurposing tRNAs for nonsense suppression (2021)

Three stop codons (UAA, UAG and UGA) terminate protein synthesis and are almost exclusively recognized by release factors. Here, we design de novo transfer RNAs (tRNAs) that efficiently decode UGA stop codons in Escherichia coli. The tRNA designs harness various functionally conserved aspects of sense-codon decoding tRNAs. Optimization within the TΨC-stem to stabilize binding to the elongation factor, displays the most potent effect in enhancing suppression activity. We determine the structure of the ribosome in a complex with the designed tRNA bound to a UGA stop codon in the A site at 2.9 Å resolution. In the context of the suppressor tRNA, the conformation of the UGA codon resembles that of a sense-codon rather than when canonical translation termination release factors are bound, suggesting conformational flexibility of the stop codons dependent on the nature of the A-site ligand. The systematic analysis, combined with structural insights, provides a rationale for targeted repurposing of tRNAs to correct devastating nonsense mutations that introduce a premature stop codon.
Distributed and low-power synchronization architecture for embedded multiprocessors (2008)

In this paper we present a framework for a distributed and very low-cost implementation of synchronization controllers and protocols for embedded multiprocessors. The proposed architecture effectively implements the queued-lock semantics in a completely distributed way. The proposed approach to synchronization implementation not only completely eliminates the overwhelming bus contention traffic when multiple cores compete for a synchronization variable, but also achieves very high energy efficiency as the local synchronization controller can efficiently determine, without any bus transactions or local cache spinning, the exact timing of when the lock is made available to the local processor. Application-specific information regarding synchronization variables in the local task is exploited in implementing the distributed synchronization protocol. The local synchronization controllers enable the system software or the thread library to implement various low-power policies, such as disabling the cache accesses or even completely powering down the local processor while waiting for a synchronization variable.
Attribute-based signature and its applications (2010)

In an attribute-based signature (ABS), users sign messages with any predicate of their attributes issued from an attribute authority. Under this notion, a signature attests not to the identity of the individual who signed a message, but a claim regarding the attributes the underlying signer possesses. In ABS, users cannot forge signatures with attributes they do not possess even through colluding. On the other hand, a legitimate signer remains anonymous without the fear of revocation and is indistinguishable among all the users whose attributes satisfying the predicate specified in the signature. ABS is useful in many important applications such as anonymous authentication and attribute-based messaging systems.
Effects of RF annealing on the excess charge centers in MIS dielectrics (1978)

Excess fixed charge and surface states in various MIS structures have been successfully removed by the RF annealing technique. Important processing parameters that are pertinent to a successful anneal have been defined. A qualitative model is proposed to describe the annealing mechanisms, and to account for the experimental results. It is thought to be a cooperative effect involving the RF field, the plasma radiation, and the induced wafer temperature.
The Question of the Etymology of Dunadd, a fortress of the Dalriadic Scots (2017)

1 Generally spelt Dunadd today, while Bannerman (1974, 16) uses the more traditional form Dun Add (cf.Dun-Add, Gillies 1906, xxii) in acknowledgement of its structure perhaps.Of note, earlier OS maps distinguished between the name of the dn: Dun Add, and that of the adjacent village: Dunadd (e.g.OS 25 inch, Argyll and Bute, Sheet CLX.3 -Kilmichael Glassary -1873).Variant forms of the name include Dunnad, Dunnod and Dounaid (Lane and Campbell 2000a) and Dunad (OPS II, 48). 2 After Skene, it was generally accepted that Dunadd was the chief seat of Cenl nGabrin; Bannerman (122-13), however, after Watson, argues that Dunadd was a Cenl Loairn stronghold.3 As it was to Kenneth Jackson (1983, 231): '... in Dunadd and Dunollie, first mentioned in the late seventh century, the second elements are obscure.' 4 Obsesio Duin Att.Anderson (1922 I, 191 note 3) gives Duin Aitt in error, perhaps genitivising Att by virtue of the following obsessio Din Duirn in the same annal entry.Att is already in the genitive after dn. 5 obtenuit Dun At. 6 obtenuit Dun Ad. 7 Note also Dunad for Dn Athad, Islay (Thompson, 1824), for which see 8.Dunnet Head, Caithness, with stress on first syllable, appears to have a different basis: 1223-24 Donotf (Sutherland Charters, in OPS II, 788); 1275 Prebenda de Dunost (Bagimond's Roll, 51, though the MS possibly has dunofc); 1276 Eccliesia de Dunost (Bagimond's Roll, 69) -with thanks to Simon Taylor for these references.8 Because of the similarity of name forms below, both phonemic and phonetic transcriptions are given.9 'with a tendency to long a; it is pronounced as if it were spelled Athd ' , i.e. [ad ]. 10 Dersa Caimbeul Hay, Fuaran Slibh (1948), 54.11 Recommended in the Gaelic Orthographic Conventions 2005.12 'Yes, I have spent my time [and my greatest energies on poems, dear man], | chipping them and polishing them in the sweet speech of ancient utterance, | that delivered judgement in Dunadd, and that practised quiet piety in Iona, | the speech my forefathers spoke, and the kings in Scone from the beginning.'(ibid.).
Tunable Silk: Using Microfluidics to Fabricate Silk Fibers with Controllable Properties (2011)

Despite widespread use of silk, it remains a significant challenge to fabricate fibers with properties similar to native silk. It has recently been recognized that the key to tuning silk fiber properties lies in controlling internal structure of assembled β-sheets. We report an advance in the precise control of silk fiber formation with control of properties via microfluidic solution spinning. We use an experimental approach combined with modeling to accurately predict and independently tune fiber properties including Young's modulus and diameter to customize fibers. This is the first reported microfluidic approach capable of fabricating functional fibers with predictable properties and provides new insight into the structural transformations responsible for the unique properties of silk. Unlike bulk processes, our method facilitates the rapid and inexpensive fabrication of fibers from small volumes (50 μL) that can be characterized to investigate sequence-structure-property relationships to optimize recombinant silk technology to match and exceed natural silk properties.
Does <i>Uncoupling Protein 2</i> Expression Qualify as Marker of Disease Status in <i>LRRK2</i> -Associated Parkinson's Disease? (2013)

Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common known genetic cause of late-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the penetrance of the disease is below 50% at 60 years of age. LRRK2 is associated with the mitochondrial membrane, and mutant forms impair the function of the organelle and autophagosome clearance in human cells, including induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. Elevated expression of uncoupling proteins has been identified as the cause of mitochondrial depolarization in human fibroblasts with G2019S LRRK2. To identify factors that contribute to the penetrance of LRRK2 mutations, we studied respiratory chain function, markers of mitochondrial uncoupling, oxidative stress, and autophagy in fibroblasts from affected and unaffected carriers of the G2019S mutation. Independent of disease status, all mutation carriers showed reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased proton leakage, and more fragmented mitochondria. However, a significant increase in the expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) was only detected in affected individuals with the G2019S mutation in LRRK2. Since oxidative stress and autophagic markers were selectively increased in some of the PD patients, we hypothesize that UCP2 expression is upregulated in response to elevated reactive oxygen species generation in affected mutation carriers and that UCP2 mRNA levels might, therefore, serve as markers of disease status in LRRK2-associated PD.
Antimicrobial activity, improved cell selectivity and mode of action of short PMAP-36-derived peptides against bacteria and Candida (2016)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have recently attracted a great deal of attention as promising antibiotic candidates, but some obstacles such as toxicity and high synthesis cost must be addressed before developing them further. For developing short peptides with improved cell selectivity, we designed a series of modified PMAP-36 analogues. Antimicrobial assays showed that decreasing chain length in a certain range retained the high antimicrobial activity of the parental peptide and reduced hemolysis. The 18-mer peptide RI18 exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against both bacteria and fungi, and its hemolytic activity was observably lower than PMAP-36 and melittin. The selectivity indexes of RI18 against bacteria and fungi were improved approximately 19-fold and 108-fold, respectively, compared to PMAP-36. In addition, serum did not affect the antibacterial activity of RI18 against E. coli but inhibited the antifungal efficiency against C. albicans. Flow cytometry and electron microscopy observation revealed that RI18 killed microbial cells primarily by damaging membrane integrity, leading to whole cell lysis. Taken together, these results suggest that RI18 has potential for further therapeutic research against frequently-encountered bacteria and fungi. Meanwhile, modification of AMPs is a promising strategy for developing novel antimicrobials to overcome drug-resistance.