gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interaction between Glucose-regulated Destruction Domain of DNA Topoisomerase IIα and MPN Domain of Jab1/CSN5 (2004)

DNA topoisomerase (topo) IIalpha, an essential enzyme for cell proliferation, is targeted to a proteasome-dependent degradation pathway when human tumor cells are glucose-starved. Here we show that the topo IIalpha destabilization depends on the newly identified domain, GRDD (glucose-regulated destruction domain), which was mapped to the N-terminal 70-170 amino acid sequence. Indeed, the deletion of GRDD conferred a stable feature on topo IIalpha, whereas the fusion of GRDD rendered green fluorescent protein unstable under glucose starvation conditions. Nuclear localization was a prerequisite for GRDD function, because the inhibition of nuclear translocation resulted in the suppression of GRDD-mediated topo IIalpha degradation. Further, GRDD was identified as an interactive domain for Jab1/CSN5, which promoted the degradation of topo IIalpha in a manner dependent on the MPN (Mpr1p/Prd1p N terminus) domain. Depleting Jab1/CSN5 by antisense oligonucleotide and treating cells with the CSN-associated kinase inhibitor, curcumin, inhibited topo IIalpha degradation induced by glucose starvation. These findings demonstrate that GRDD can act as a stress-activated degron for regulating topo IIalpha stability, possibly through interaction with the MPN domain of Jab1/CSN5.
Limestone Calcination with CO <sub>2</sub> Capture (II): Decomposition in CO <sub>2</sub>/Steam and CO <sub>2</sub>/N <sub>2</sub> Atmospheres (2008)

Decomposition of limestone particles (0.25−0.5 mm) in a steam dilution atmosphere (20−100% steam in CO 2) was investigated by using a continuously operating fluidized bed reactor for CO 2 capture. The decomposition conversion of limestone increased as the steam dilution percentage in the CO 2 supply gas increased. At a bed temperature of 1193 K, the conversions were 72% without dilution (100% CO 2) and 98% with 60% steam dilution. The decomposition conversions obtained with steam dilution and N 2 dilution differed significantly, and this result is explained in terms of the difference between the heat transfer to particle in steam and N 2 dilution atmosphere. The reactivities of the CaO produced from limestone decomposition with steam dilution and without dilution (100% CO 2) were tested by means of hydration and carbonation reactions. In the hydration test, the time required for complete conversion [CaO → Ca(OH) 2] of the CaO produced by steam dilution was approximately half that required for the CaO produced without dilution. In the carbonation test, carbonation conversion (CaO → CaCO 3) of the CaO produced by steam dilution was approximately 70%, whereas the conversion was approximately 40% for the CaO produced without dilution.
Algorithms for flow control and call set-up in multi-hop broadband ISDN (2002)

An algorithm for the decentralized control of traffic flow in multihop broadband ISDN and a concomitant algorithm for call setup are proposed. The approach in flow control is to strategically detain packets at points along their routes in anticipation of probable congestion ahead of them. The goal is to avoid buffer overflowing caused by concentrated packet accumulation at a single node on the network. A typical traffic control decision involves just two primitive operations: a READ and a logical AND. Hence, a submicrosecond execution time is expected. This quickness enables the traffic control to be implementable on the packet (or cell) level for broadband communications with a moderate packet size. This algorithm also strives for high utilization of broadband facilities and preserves the order among sequential packets. The concomitant algorithm for call setup is solely executed at the traffic originating node(s) and thus requires no internode communications. This leads to a simple process of calls setup that ensures the continuous flow of ongoing calls and, at the same time, avoids buffer overflowing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comparison of Bifacial Solar Irradiance Model Predictions With Field Validation (2018)

Models predicting rear irradiance for bifacial systems are critical to establish accurate estimates of energy yield. Here, we compare five published bifacial irradiance models, varying clearance, row spacing, tilt, and albedo to measure the sensitivity to these parameters. Bifacial energy gains (BGE) as high as 20% are predicted for some configurations. Model agreement is generally good for low ground clearance (clearance heights lower than 0.75 times the collector width), but at higher clearances, finite system size and edge effects become a significant factor in simulations, stretching assumptions of infinite system extent made in some models. In addition, rear irradiance uniformity is improved at high ground clearance, as expected. A test-bed construction and results are described for comparison between modeled and measured data in Golden, CO, USA. The investigations indicate that model agreement for BGE calculation is better than 2% (absolute) when compared with measured results, depending on the system configuration.
Demonstration that the Group II Intron from the Clostridial Conjugative Transposon Tn <i>5397</i> Undergoes Splicing In Vivo (2001)

Previous work has identified the conjugative transposon Tn5397 from Clostridium difficile. This element was shown to contain a group II intron. Tn5397 can be conjugatively transferred from C. difficile to Bacillus subtilis. In this work we show that the intron is spliced in both these hosts and that nonspliced RNA is also present. We constructed a mutation in the open reading frame within the intron, and this prevented splicing but did not prevent the formation of the circular form of the conjugative transposon (the likely transposition intermediate) or decrease the frequency of intergeneric transfer of Tn5397. Therefore, the intron is spliced, but splicing is not required for conjugation of Tn5397.
Methylation of coding region alone inhibits gene expression in plant protoplasts. (1996)

Derivatives of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter lacking CG and CNG methylation targets were constructed and used to direct transcription of reporter gene constructs in transiently transformed protoplasts. Such methylation-target-free (MTF) promoters, although weaker than the 35S promoter, retain significant activity despite mutation of the as-1 element. The effect of methylation on gene expression in MTF- and 35S-promoter driven constructs was examined. Even when the promoter region was free of methylation targets, reporter gene expression was markedly reduced when cytosine residues in CG dinucleotides were methylated in vitro prior to transformation. Mosaic methylation experiments, in which only specific parts of the plasmids were methylated, revealed that methylation of the coding region alone has a negative effect on reporter gene expression. Methylation nearer the 5' end of the coding region was more inhibitory, consistent with inhibition of transcription elongation.
Cytosol–mitochondria transfer of reducing equivalents by a lactate shuttle in heterotrophic Euglena (2003)

To assess the expression and physiological role of the mitochondrial NAD(+)-independent lactate dehydrogenase (iLDH) in Euglena gracilis, cells were grown with different carbon sources, and the d- and l-iLDH activities and several key metabolic intermediates were examined. iLDH activity was significant throughout the growth period, increasing by three- to fourfold from latency to the stationary phase. Intracellular levels of D- and L-lactate were high (5-40 mm) from the start of the culture and increased (20-80 mm) when the stationary phase was entered. All external carbon sources were actively consumed, reaching a minimum upon entering the stationary phase, when degradation of paramylon started. The level of ATP was essentially unchanged under all experimental conditions. Oxalate, an inhibitor of iLDH, strongly inhibited oligomycin-sensitive respiration and growth, whereas rotenone, an inhibitor of respiratory complex I, only slightly affected these parameters in lactate-grown cells. Isolated mitochondria exhibited external NADH-supported respiration, which was sensitive to rotenone and flavone, and an inability to oxidize pyruvate. Addition of cytosol, NADH and pyruvate to mitochondria incubated with rotenone and flavone prompted significant O2 uptake, which was blocked by oxalate. The data suggested that iLDH expression in Euglena is independent of substrate availability and that iLDHs play a key role in the transfer of reducing equivalents from the cytosol to the respiratory chain (lactate shuttle).
Concurrent runtime monitoring of formally specified programs (1993)

A methodology for continuously monitoring a program for specification consistency during program execution is described. Prior development of the formal specification and program is assumed. The program is annotated with constructs from a formal specification language, and the formal specification constructs are transformed into checking code, which is then inserted into the underlying program. Calls to this checking code are inserted into underlying program wherever it can potentially become inconsistent with its specification. If an inconsistency does in fact occur, diagnostic information is provided. The implementation of such a system for Anna (annotated Ada) subtype annotations is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Amaranth: Composition, properties, and applications of a rediscovered food crop (1985)

A literature review summarizes and discusses the history, composition, and present and potential food uses of grain and vegetable amaranth. Other topics include the starch content and its properties, the baking properties of amaranth flour and its blends, the effects of processing (e.g., heat toasting), and potential crop improvements. Eight tables depict the nutrient composition of amaranth and its products. (wz)
A Facile Synthesis of the Spirobenzylisoquinolines and the Spirobenzylcarbolines (1974)

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Document clustering using word clusters via the information bottleneck method (2000)

We present a novel implementation of the recently introduced information bottleneck method for unsupervised document clustering. Given a joint empirical distribution of words and documents, p(x, y), we first cluster the words, Y, so that the obtained word clusters, Ytilde;, maximally preserve the information on the documents. The resulting joint distribution. p(X, Ytilde;), contains most of the original information about the documents, I(X; Ytilde;) ≈ I(X; Y), but it is much less sparse and noisy. Using the same procedure we then cluster the documents, X, so that the information about the word-clusters is preserved. Thus, we first find word-clusters that capture most of the mutual information about to set of documents, and then find document clusters, that preserve the information about the word clusters. We tested this procedure over several document collections based on subsets taken from the standard 20Newsgroups corpus. The results were assessed by calculating the correlation between the document clusters and the correct labels for these documents. Finding from our experiments show that this double clustering procedure, which uses the information bottleneck method, yields significantly superior performance compared to other common document distributional clustering algorithms. Moreover, the double clustering procedure improves all the distributional clustering methods examined here.
A 2G-RFID-based e-healthcare system (2010)

Radio frequency identification technology has received an increasing amount of attention in the past few years as an important emerging technology. However, the intrinsically passive features of existing RFID systems, to which we refer as first-generation RFID systems, render their adaptation to real-world dynamics in order to efficiently comply with up-to-date applicationspecific requirements difficult. To address this challenging issue, we propose an evolution to second-generation RFID systems characterized by the introduction of encoded rules that are dynamically stored in RFID tags. This novel approach facilitates the systems' operation to perform actions on demand for different objects in different situations, and enables improved scalability. Based on 2G-RFID-Sys, we propose a novel e-healthcare management system, and explain how it can be employed to leverage the effectiveness of existing ones. It is foreseeable that the flexibility and scalability of 2G-RFIDSys will support more automatic and intelligent applications in the future.
Medium access control design for full duplex wireless systems: challenges and approaches (2015)

Recent advances in self-interference cancellation techniques enable in-band full-duplex (FD) transmission in which a wireless node can simultaneously transmit and receive in the same frequency band. However, to fully exploit the benefits of FD technology in a wireless network, in addition to the physical (PHY) layer issues, medium access control (MAC) layer issues such as inter-node collisions, fairness between half-duplex (HD) and FD users, opportunistic selection of different modes of FD transmission, and synchronization issues need to be resolved. To this end, this article first discusses the fundamental concepts, potential benefits, and primary network topologies of FD transmission. We then highlight immediate challenges (both in the PHY and MAC layers) that need to be addressed in designing FD wireless systems. A qualitative comparison among the existing full-duplex MAC (FD-MAC) protocols is then provided. Finally, the primary requirements and research issues for the design of FD-MAC protocols are discussed, and implications of FD technology in cellular wireless networks are highlighted.
Two Mammalian Sec16 Homologues Have Nonredundant Functions in Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Export and Transitional ER Organization (2006)

Budding yeast Sec16 is a large peripheral endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein that functions in generating COPII transport vesicles and in clustering COPII components at transitional ER (tER) sites. Sec16 interacts with multiple COPII components. Although the COPII assembly pathway is evolutionarily conserved, Sec16 homologues have not been described in higher eukaryotes. Here, we show that mammalian cells contain two distinct Sec16 homologues: a large protein that we term Sec16L and a smaller protein that we term Sec16S. These proteins localize to tER sites, and an N-terminal region of each protein is necessary and sufficient for tER localization. The Sec16L and Sec16S genes are both expressed in every tissue examined, and both proteins are required in HeLa cells for ER export and for normal tER organization. Sec16L resembles yeast Sec16 in having a C-terminal conserved domain that interacts with the COPII coat protein Sec23, but Sec16S lacks such a C-terminal conserved domain. Immunoprecipitation data indicate that Sec16L and Sec16S are each present at multiple copies in a heteromeric complex. We infer that mammalian cells have preserved and extended the function of Sec16.
A grey-box model of next-day building thermal load prediction for energy-efficient control (2008)

Accurate building thermal load prediction is essential to many building energy control strategies. To get reliable prediction of the hourly building load of the next day, air temperature/relative humidity and solar radiation prediction modules are integrated with a grey-box model. The regressive solar radiation module predicts the solar radiation using the forecasted cloud amount, sky condition and extreme temperatures from on-line weather stations, while the forecasted sky condition is used to correct the cloud amount forecast. The temperature/relative humidity prediction module uses a dynamic grey model (GM), which is specialized in the grey system with incomplete information. Both weather prediction modules are integrated into a building thermal load model for the on-line prediction of the building thermal load in the next day. The validation of both weather prediction modules and the on-line building thermal load prediction model are presented. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The retention and distribution in the rabbit knee of a radionuclide complexed with a lipophilic chelator in liposomes. (1985)

The application of radiosynovectomy to patients with rheumatoid arthritis has been severely restricted by the difficulty of preventing leakage of the radioisotope from the joint cavity. We have synthesised a lipophilic chelator, 3-cholesteryl 6-[N'-iminobis(ethylenenitrilo)-tetraacetic acid]hexyl ether (Chol-DTTA) which can complex with a variety of beta-emitting radionuclides and is incorporated into the lipid phase of liposomes. The retention in the synovial cavities of rabbit knees of liposomes containing Chol-DTTA, complexed with the gamma-emitting tracer 51Cr, has been measured over a period of 21 days and compared with colloidal and water-soluble preparations. The distribution of the radionuclide between the tissues of the joint was also examined. Results show retention of 51Cr delivered in chelator liposomes to be greater than 99% after 24 h. At this time, over 93% of the radioactivity had become associated with the synovium. We conclude that chelator liposomes offer considerable promise as vehicles for radioisotopes in radiosynovectomy.
Large T Antigen Promotes JC Virus Replication in G2-arrested Cells by Inducing ATM- and ATR-mediated G2 Checkpoint Signaling (2009)

Large T antigen (TAg) of the human polyomavirus JC virus (JCV) possesses DNA binding and helicase activities, which, together with various cellular proteins, are required for replication of the viral genome. We now show that JCV-infected cells expressing TAg accumulate in the G(2) phase of the cell cycle as a result of the activation of ATM- and ATR-mediated G(2) checkpoint pathways. Transient transfection of cells with a TAg expression vector also induced G(2) checkpoint signaling and G(2) arrest. Analysis of TAg mutants with different subnuclear localizations suggested that the association of TAg with cellular DNA contributes to the induction of G(2) arrest. Abrogation of G(2) arrest by inhibition of ATM and ATR, Chk1, and Wee1 suppressed JCV genome replication. In addition, abrogation of the G(2)-M transition by Cdc2 depletion disabled Wee1 depletion-induced suppression of JCV genome replication, suggesting that JCV replication is facilitated by G(2) arrest resulting from G(2) checkpoint signaling. Moreover, inhibition of ATM and ATR by caffeine suppressed JCV production. The observation that oligodendrocytes productively infected with JCV in vivo also undergo G(2) arrest suggests that G(2) checkpoint inhibitors such as caffeine are potential therapeutic agents for JCV infection.
Development of TOSCA service templates for provisioning portable IT services (2013)

Provisioning cloud computing solutions is a tedious and long process, especially when configuring many components and not only offering the application but also the infrastructure. Today, an administrator has to upload, install and configure all the components of a software solution manually, which not only takes time and is prone to errors but also increases the onboarding costs at the cloud provider. Decreasing deployment times by the use of an automated system is favored. TOSCA provides a specification which allows the deployment and management of cloud services by providing a meta-model. With that it is possible to mitigate all problems in theory. OpenTOSCA is a framework called container, which can interpret the TOSCA specification and is used in this work to deploy an Enterprise Content Management stack on a cloud environment, testing the boundaries of its capabilities. After designing deployment models by the means of a domain specific modeling approach, an implementation is realized and compiled into a deployment file. This file is also called a container file and is processed by OpenTOSCA to initiate the deployment on the cloud environment, including the necessary middleware. The goal of this diploma thesis is to develop a TOSCA Service Template, that provides a topology model and automates the deployment of ECM core components. TOSCA Node Types for the middleware and application components have to be defined. To further help modeling the topology, a domain specific model (DSM) will be introduced by generically defining all components and their operations. That generic model will be used to realize the actual ECM stack components. The ECM stack is then deployed via OpenTOSCA and the execution is reviewed.
The Watcher and the Red Deer. By Richard Perry. William Hodge and Co., Ltd. 12<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. (1953)

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Optimal design of grating-assisted directional couplers (2000)

In this paper, a rigorous leaky mode propagation method has been used to investigate the influence of the grating period and grating index profile on the design of grating-assisted directional couplers (GADC's). A detailed explanation of resonance condition and radiation loss in terms of electromagnetic field contribution in the grating region as a function of the grating period and profile is given. Optimal design parameters hare been found for well-defined structures in order to achieve either minimum coupling length or maximum coupling efficiency. A very fast method to extract the resonance condition in any grating-assisted structure by using a sinusoidal profile is proposed. Numerical results are presented for both moderately and strongly asymmetric structures in terms of normalized propagation constant, mode radiation loss, coupling length and coupling efficiency. Comparisons with grating period and coupling length predictions obtained by other methods are also shown. The rectangular profile with optimized duty cycle has been demonstrated to be the best choice in order to minimize the GADC coupling length.
Chlorpromazine inhibits arterial ACAT and reduces arterial cholesterol and cholesteryl ester accumulation in cholesterol-fed rabbits. (1986)

Rabbits were fed an atherogenic diet concurrently with chlorpromazine for 2 weeks (10 mg/kg/day in the diet) or 12 weeks (20 mg/kg/day given orally in a single capsule). After 2 weeks, arterial acyl CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity tended to be reduced by chlorpromazine treatment with no affect on net arterial cholesterol. After 12 weeks of treatment, arterial ACAT activity was significantly reduced and was paralleled by a reduction in net arterial cholesterol, a reduction in the esterified cholesterol/unesterified cholesterol ratio, and a reduction in lipid staining intensity as determined histologically with oil red O staining of aortic cross sections. Paradoxically, there was no histological evidence for a reduction in the size of atheromatous lesions with chlorpromazine treatment as determined by morphometric analysis of tissue cross sections. The results support the hypothesis that the increased esterification of cholesterol that characteristically accompanies the atherogenic process serves as a biochemical trapping mechanism for cholesterol entering the vessel wall and suggest that regulation of the enzyme in vivo can reduce the net accumulation of arterial cholesterol.
Theory of Negative Resistance Characteristics in Irradiated Gas Thermionic Diodes (1962)

A theory explaining negative resistance effects in the anode current-voltage characteristics of inert gas-filled thermionic diodes exposed to ionizing radiation is proposed. The theory shows that these effects are observed in argon-, krypton,- and xenon-filled diodes under appropriate conditions of anode spacing, gas pressure, and radiation dosage because these gases have a Ramsauer minimum in their electron scattering cross-section data. The theory also shows that gases not having this anomaly in their scattering cross section, such as neon or helium, do not show negative resistance effects.