gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clemente Gerez,poeta de la luz (2006)

Although the cognitive impairment in geriatric diabetes is common, its mechanisms remain unclear and therapies are limited. The present study investigated the effects of rosiglitazone on memory impairment in aged rats with diabetes. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in aged Wistar rats of 20-22 months. Then, the diabetic rats were divided randomly into the diabetic model group and rosiglitazone treatment group for assessment of cognitive function and cerebral injury at 8 weeks using Morris water maze (MWM) paradigm, real-time PCR and western blot analysis. Wistar rats of the same age were also assessed as control. In vitro, the therapeutic effect of rosiglitazone was investigated using rat chromaffin cell line PC12 cultured with high glucose and/or C-reactive protein (CRP). 8 weeks after diabetes induction aged rats exhibited marked and persistent hyperglycemia, weight loss, higher level of serum CRP and learning impairments. Enhanced cerebral inflammation in aged rats with diabetes was associated with over-activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signalling pathway and upregulation of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNFα) in the hippocampus. Compared with the diabetic group, level of serum CRP, inflammatory cytokines and over-activation of NF-κB signalling pathway in the hippocampus were restored partially concomitant with attenuation of cognitive dysfunction indicated as markedly decreased escape latency and distance during MWM test in the rosiglitazone treatment group. In vitro, high glucose significantly activated NF-κB signalling pathway and upregulated inflammatory cytokines. CRP synergistically promoted high glucose-mediated effects. Rosiglitazone significantly ameliorated the effects mediated by high glucose and CRP.These effects were significantly reversed by co-treatment with the PPARγ antagonist T0070907. These results suggest that rosiglitazone can improve cognitive function in aged rats with diabetes by inhibiting the NF-κB signal activation and decreasing the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus.
CourseRank: A Closed-Community Social System through the Magnifying Glass (2009)

Social sites are extremely popular among users but user interactions in most sites revolve around relatively simple tasks, such as uploading resources, tagging and poking friends. We believe that social sites can go beyond simple interactions among individuals and offer valuable services to well-defined, closed, communities (e.g., an academic, corporate or scientific community). In this paper, we present an example of a closed-community social system, CourseRank, an educational and social site where Stanford students can explore course offerings and plan their academic program. We perform an analysis of 12 months worth of CourseRank data including user contributed information, such as ratings and comments, as well as information extracted from the user logs, and we analyze several aspects of user interactions and user-contributed content in the site, such as activity levels, user behavior and user content quality. Our findings provide useful insights with respect to the potential of closed-community social sites.
Single phase rectifier with high power factor in continuous and discontinuous conduction mode (2002)

This paper describes techniques for single phase AC-to-DC converter with near unity power factor. The topologies of single phase power factor correction (PFC), consisting of an AC source, a front-end diode rectifier, power stage of the converter with output filter, and a load, are proposed to achieve high performance and simple control circuit. The output voltage can be maintained above or below the peak AC input voltage by changing the duty cycle of the active switch. The PWM switch classification, AC-to-DC converter circuit topology, design of control circuit, simulation and experimental results are reviewed in this paper.
Kernel-Based Weighted Multi-view Clustering (2012)

Exploiting multiple representations, or views, for the same set of instances within a clustering framework is a popular practice for boosting clustering accuracy. However, some of the available sources may be misleading (due to noise, errors in measurement etc.) in revealing the true structure of the data, thus, their inclusion in the clustering process may have negative influence. This aspect seems to be overlooked in the multi-view literature where all representations are equally considered. In this work, views are expressed in terms of given kernel matrices and a weighted combination of the kernels is learned in parallel to the partitioning. Weights assigned to kernels are indicative of the quality of the corresponding views' information. Additionally, the combination scheme incorporates a parameter that controls the admissible sparsity of the weights to avoid extremes and tailor them to the data. Two efficient iterative algorithms are proposed that alternate between updating the view weights and recomputing the clusters to optimize the intra-cluster variance from different perspectives. The conducted experiments reveal the effectiveness of our methodology compared to other multi-view methods.
Development of pronuclei from human spermatozoa injected microsurgically into frog (<i>Xenopus</i>) eggs (1986)

Human spermatozoa were demembranated with Triton X-100 (TX) and injected into the mature eggs of Xenopus laevis. The nuclei of these spermatozoa decondensed and developed into pronuclei. Chromosomes did not appear in the eggs until the end of a 5-hr incubation period. When the demembranated human spermatozoa were further treated with dithiothreitol (DTT) before they were injected into the eggs, the sperm nuclear decondensation and pronuclear development took place considerably faster than in spermatozoa treated with the detergent alone. By the end of the 5-hr incubation period, decondensed chromatin threads or chromosome-like structures appeared, but none of the eggs cleaved. When human spermatozoa were injected into full-grown ovarian oocytes with intact germinal vesicle (GV) or oocytes which had matured without GV, the nuclei of a proportion of TX-treated and all TX-DTT-treated sperm decondensed but showed no sign of developing into pronuclei. Sperm nuclei injected into maturing oocytes formed condensed chromatin fragments as long as the oocytes were not activated, but they transformed into pronuclei when the oocytes were stimulated with electric shock. These results indicate that the cytoplasmic factors responsible for the decondensation of human sperm nuclei are present in egg cytoplasm independent of GV-materials. We also suggest that the factors controlling development of decondensed sperm nuclei into pronuclei are dependent on GV materials.
Pulmonary fibrosis: thinking outside of the lung (2004)

Pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating condition that leads to progressive lung destruction and scarring. Previous mechanistic research has focused on the local fibroproliferative process in the lung. However, emerging evidence suggests that circulating cells of hematopoietic origin play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of this disease .
Software compression in the client/server environment (2002)

Lempel-Ziv (1977) based compression algorithms are universal, not assuming any prior knowledge of the file to be compressed or its statistics. Accordingly, the reference dictionary of these textual substitution compression algorithms includes only segments of the already-processed portion of the file. It is often the case, though, that both, compressor and decompressor, even when they reside on different sites, share knowledge of files (e.g., devices managed by a server, or software customers holding older releases of products). For such cases, we suggest the addition of shared files to the reference dictionary. Preferably, files to be included are those which resemble the file to be compressed. Such an extension of the reference dictionary lengthens the matches found while compressing the file, and thus lessens the number of matches needed to cover the file. We found that with a careful selection (which can be automated) of the shared files to be included, the advantage of the decrease in the number of matches overwhelms the disadvantage of the increase in the number of bits needed to express the index of each match in the extended dictionary. Altogether, compression attainable by our proposed scheme can be significantly better than with the original Lempel-Ziv dictionary. Maintaining and searching a dictionary that is much larger than the original Lempel-Ziv dictionary demand strong computational resources and suits off-line more than on-line compression. We thus conclude that in the client/server environment, where shared files commonly exist, and the server enjoys extensive computational resources, the scheme suggested is advantageous for transferring files from the server to its clients.
Zur Theorie der Erstwähler (2001)

Alle Jugendlichen unseres Brandenburger Längsschnittes waren am 27. September 1998 zum ersten Mal berechtigt, bei einer Bundestagswahl ihre Stimme einzubringen. Die Jüngsten waren gerade 18 Jahre alt geworden, der Älteste war bereits 21 Jahre und 11 Monate alt. Sie alle handelten am Tag dieser Wahl erstmals in der Erwachsenenrolle des nationalen Wählers und in diesem Sinne des verantwortlichen Staatsbürgers. Diese Rolle kann man neben der ersten Berufsrolle nach der Ausbildung und neben den Ehepartner- und Elternrollen zu den wichtigsten Rollen rechnen, die die Lebensphase des Erwachsenseins ausmachen (Eisenstadt, 1966), da sie durch eines der wichtigsten Rechte und eine der wichtigsten Pflichten des Staatsbürgers gekennzeichnet ist. Der Wahltermin ist so gesehen der Zeitpunkt einer kollektiven Statuspassage von nationaler Bedeutung. Anders als bei den anderen Übergängen in Erwachsenenrollen ist der Übergang zur Wahlmündigkeit an das biologische Alter gebunden. Faktisch wird dieser Übergang indessen in unterschiedlichem Alter passiert, innerhalb eines Zeitraums, der nahezu vier Jahre umspannt (Oswald, 1994).
Interfacial versus homogeneous enzymatic cleavage of mandelonitrile by hydroxynitrile lyase in a biphasic system (2003)

Abstract The question of an interfacial versus ahomogeneous reaction is carefully addressed for the enzymatic biphasic cleavage of mandelonitrile to benzaldehyde by Prunus amygdalus hydroxynitrile lyase (pa‐Hnl) (Hickel et al. [1999] Biotechnol Bioeng 36:425–436). Experimental evidence, including 1) the reaction ceases when the interface is populated by previously adsorbed denatured pa‐Hnl, 2) the reaction continues even after washout of the bulk enzyme from the aqueous phase, 3) highly nonpolar organic solvents initially promote fast reaction kinetics that relatively quickly decay to zero product production, and 4) the reaction rate is nonlinear in the bulk enzyme concentration, provide robust grounds for an interfacial reaction. We also model enzymatic mandelonitrile cleavage assuming a homogeneous aqueous‐phase reaction. The homogeneous reaction scheme does not simultaneously account for the experimental observations of a linear dependence of the reaction rate on organic/water interfacial area, no dependence on the aqueous‐phase volume, and a nonlinear dependence on pa‐Hnl aqueous concentration. Further, simple calculations demonstrate that the homogeneous reaction rate is at least three orders of magnitude slower than those observed by Hickel et al. (1999). We again conclude that enzyme adsorbed at the organic solvent/water interface primarily catalyzes the biphasic mandelonitrile cleavage reaction. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 83: 498–501, 2003.
Polyfuran: a new synthetic approach and electronic properties (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolyfuran: a new synthetic approach and electronic propertiesS. Glenis, M. Benz, E. LeGoff, J. L. Schindler, C. R. Kannewurf, and M. G. KanatzidisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 26, 12519–12525Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00079a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00079a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1646Altmetric-Citations198LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structural and Functional Changes in Catalase Induced by Near‐UV Radiation (1996)

Part one of this study shows that exposure of purified beef liver catalase in buffered solutions to BL lamps that provide a mixture of 99% UVA and 1% UVB (to be labeled UVA) alters its chemistry and enzymatic activity. Thus, its spectral absorbance lost detail, it aggregated and exhibited a lower isoelectric point and its enzymatic activity was substantially reduced. These photochemically induced changes were increased by irradiation in phosphate buffer or in physiological medium (minimal essential medium) containing riboflavin and tryptophan. Neither alpha-tocopherol nor deferoxamine were protective against these UVA-induced changes in pure catalase. We further investigated the effect of UVA radiation on the activity of catalase in cultured lens epithelial cells and the protective effects of antioxidants. Cultured lens epithelial cells of rabbits and squirrels were exposed to near-UV radiation with representation in the UVA region of 99% and 1% UVB. Catalase assays were done on homogenate supernatants of cells kept dark or UV exposed. In some instances, cells were cultured in medium containing alpha-tocopherol or deferoxamine prior to UV radiation. Comparisons were made between UV-exposed lens cell catalase activity when exposure was done with or without the antioxidants. The UVA radiation was strongly inhibitory to both rabbit and squirrel lens epithelial cell catalase activities. The range of fluxes of near UV radiation was compatible with that which could reach the lens from the sunlit environment. Catalase inactivation was lessened in cells preincubated with alpha-tocopherol and deferoxamine. This suggests that both singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radical formation may be involved in near-UV damage to lens epithelial cell catalase. Such inhibition of catalase by near-UV would enhance H2O2 toxicity and stimulate SH oxidation so as to damage the lens.
Inter-Cell Interference Coordination/Avoidance for Frequency Reuse by Resource Scheduling in an OFDM-Based Cellular System (2007)

This paper proposes and evaluates a new method for mitigating inter-cell interference. We show that the proposed method results in a minor degradation of block error rate under low traffic loading but results in significant improvements for high traffic loads. We also propose and compare two options for resource re-allocation following allocation conflicts: immediate (synchronous) re-allocation and round-robin re-allocation. Simulation results indicates that round-robin reallocation results in good BLER performance when the traffic load is high.
Miniaturization of patch antennas using magneto-dielectric materials (2010)

Miniaturization of antennas using novel magneto-dielectric substrates having permeability and permittivity values greater than one is proposed. The limitations of magneto-dielectric substrates at higher GHz frequencies and their suitable alternatives are discussed. The use of such substrates for the development of miniaturized antennas is validated by synthesis of a nickel cobalt zinc ferrite substrate with permittivity of 10.3 and permeability of 2.3 and loading it in an aperture coupled patch antenna. The loaded substrate shifts the resonance frequency of the base patch antenna to lower frequencies with improvement in return loss thus demonstrating the capability for miniaturization.
Suitability of coated conductors for fusion magnets in view of their radiation response (2014)

HTS coated conductors could replace Nb3Sn wires in future fusion power plants, where the superconductors are exposed to neutron radiation. The maximum neutron fluence a superconductor can sustain is an important criterion for its suitability for fusion magnets. We report on the change of the superconducting properties in HTS RABiTS based coated conductors following high fluence irradiation (up to 3.3 · 1022 m−2) in a research reactor, which is significantly higher than previously reported. The transition temperature decreases as a function of fluence by up to 8 K and the critical current, Ic, heavily degrades when the magnetic field is applied parallel to the tape surface. The critical currents exhibit a maximum in their fluence dependence for the perpendicular field orientation, which shifts to lower fluences at higher temperatures. The same behavior is found for the fluence where Ic falls below that of the pristine tape. This limits the operation conditions to low temperatures under the expected lifetime fluences in future fusion magnets.
Measuring the Effect of Spark Plug and Ignition System Design on Engine Performance (1972)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Cycle-to-cycle combustion variation and engine emission levels are now recognized as effective indicators of engine performance. A system was devised that directly indicates combustion variation by measuring the work produced in a combustion chamber for every power stroke; it also continuously monitors engine emission level. Using this system, then, the effects of spark plug and ignition system variables on engine performance were examined. These criteria were employed in investigating the effects of spark plug gap size, gap location, electrode size and gap geometry, and the effects of spark timing, spark duration, and spark energy at various engine air-fuel ratios. In addition to studying each variable independently, statistically designed experiments to investigate the interactions between the variables were conducted. Although all the variables had measurable effects on engine performance, the most significant were spark plug gap size, gap location, spark timing, and spark duration.</div>
Virulence Studies, in Mice, of Transposon-Induced Mutants of Staphylococcus aureus Differing in Capsule Size (1987)

We used three related strains of Staphylococcus aureus to determine whether capsule size influenced bacterial virulence. Strain SA1 mucoid elaborated a large capsule demonstrable by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Nonmucoid isolates were derived from strain SA1 mucoid by Tn551 insertional mutagenesis. By TEM, strain JL24 produced a "microcapsule," whereas strain JL25 was unencapsulated. Strain SA1 mucoid had a 50% lethal dose for mice greater than 3,000-fold lower than that of strains JL24 and JL25. Quantitative cultures of blood and kidney from animals challenged intravenously revealed that strain SA1 mucoid was cleared less readily from the bloodstream and kidneys than the nonmucoid mutants. In an in vitro assay, only strain SA1 mucoid demonstrated antibody-dependent, complement-mediated opsonophagocytosis by human leukocytes. Strains JL24 and JL25 were opsonized for phagocytosis by complement alone. Thus a highly encapsulated strain of S. aureus was more virulent in mice than two related nonmucoid strains. The microencapsulated mutant was not more virulent than the unencapsulated mutant.
Monovalent Cation Effects on Lysine-sensitive Aspartokinase Catalytic Activity and Allosteric Regulation (1974)

Abstract The lysine-sensitive aspartokinase of Escherichia coli B has a near absolute requirement for a monovalent cation for catalytic activity. This requirement is fulfilled by either K+ or NH4+. S0.5 values for these cations are 25 mm and 7 mm, respectively. Both cations are inhibitory at high concentrations. This inhibition is more marked with NH4+ than with K+. Potassium does not alter the S0.5 value for aspartate, suggesting that the cation effects are on catalysis rather than substrate binding. Both cations antagonize inhibition by lysine and leucine. The I0.5 value for lysine is about 0.17 mm at 0.66 m KCl and is decreased to about 0.05 mm at 0.022 m KCl. There is a slight but probably real decrease in cooperativity of lysine inhibition at the lower cation concentrations.
What Kind of Sociology is Useful to Social Workers? (1976)

Both social workers and sociologists have been trying desperately for more than a century to live down their miscellaneous ancestry. Both are still embarrassed that their disciplines are rooted historically in the work of oldtime clergy, police, utopian philosophers, sentimentalists, reactionary manipulators, and radical thinkers and agitators. Nevertheless it was from those men's and women's concerns, their perceptions of social problems, their efforts at social amelioration and reform or revolution, and their inter-cult conflicts that the two corps of modern professionals sprang.
Novel anti-malarial combinations and their toxicity (2014)

Artemisinin combination therapy for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria includes artemether plus lumefantrine, artesunate plus amodiaquine, artesunate plus mefloquine, artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and dihydroartemisinin plus piperaquine. These drugs are safe and efficacious at present. The emergence of artemisinin resistant parasites in SE Asia means that there is a need to optimise drug dosing and investigate novel therapies to maintain the impressive reduction in malaria mortality which has been seen in the past decade.
Ex vivo perfusion optimization of donor liver grafts for transplantation and cell isolation (2010)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2010.
Corrugated Horns for Microwave Antennas (1984)

Corrugated horns are widely used and highly efficient, especially in their use as feeds for microwave reflector antennas. This book is devoted to the theory and design of corrugated horns and scalar feeds and explains why hybrid mode feeds are ideal feeds for reflectors.
A Phase II trial of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, vincristine, and reduced‐dose dexamethasone combination therapy in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients (2002)

Substituting pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for doxorubicin in the VAD regimen and reducing the dose of dexamethasone in patients with MM improve the safety profile and convenience of the treatment regimen without compromising efficacy.