gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parkinson s disease a review (2014)

Parkinson's Disease is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting older American adults and is predicted to increase in prevalence as the United States population ages. Resulting from a pathophysiologic loss or degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain and the development of neuronal Lewy Bodies, idiopathic Parkinson's Disease is associated with risk factors including aging, family history, pesticide exposure and environmental chemicals (e.g., synthetic heroin use). Its ultimate cause(s) is (are) unknown. Characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms, PD patients classically display rest tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and stooping posture. PD can also be associated with neurobehavioral disorders (depression, anxiety), cognitive impairment (dementia), and autonomic dysfunction (e.g., orthostasis and hyperhidrosis). Recent decades have witnessed a proliferation of medical pharmacologic therapies and innovative surgical interventions like deep brain stimulation (DBS). However, definitive disease-modifying therapy is still lacking. Experimental therapies are being developed and tested with limited results. Knowledge of strategies to promote optimal quality of life for PD patients is of paramount importance for caregivers, health providers and patients themselves.
A biomechanical model of electroporation of a biological membrane (2002)

To describe the mechanism of the electroporation of a biological membrane, a biomechanical model of the critical potential difference /spl Delta//spl Psi//sub 0/ of electroporation has been developed, for a small membrane patch with an equivalent charge q, a mass m, a thickness L, on the positive or the negative side of a membrane and in a direct current pulse field. The model elucidates that: /spl Delta//spl Psi//sub 0/ is proportional to mL/sup 2//q/spl tau/o/sup 2/ and exp(/spl Delta/E/sub d//RT), where /spl tau//sub 0/ is the critical time width of the externally imposed electric pulse, R is the gas constant, T is the absolute temperature of an electroporation system, /spl Delta/E/sub d/(>0) is a thermodynamic energy of molecules in the biological membrane and it has been defined as a net dragging energy between a patch and a membrane. By fitting two sets of experimental data (/spl Delta//spl Psi//sub 0/vs. T),-/spl Delta/E/sub d/ has been estimated in the range of noncovalent bonds (van der Weals, hydrogen and ionic interactions). This result is consistent with the current view of the cohesive forces in biological membranes. Using the model, a set of experimental data of /spl Delta//spl Psi//sub 0/ vs. /spl tau//sub 0/ can be quantitatively fitted well also.
Backbone dynamics of homologous fibronectin type III cell adhesion domains from fibronectin and tenascin (1997)

Comparison of the structures of the FNfn10 and TNfn3 reveals several features related to their different dynamical properties. The larger amplitude motions of loops in FNfn10 are consistent with the hypothesis that flexibility of these regions facilitates induced-fit recognition of fibronectin by multiple receptors. Similarly, the more rigid loops of TNfn3 may reflect greater specificity for particular integrins. The correlations observed between structural features and dynamical properties of the homologous type III domains indicate the influence of hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic packing on dynamical fluctuations in proteins.
Bladder and liver tumorigenesis induced by 2‐acetylaminofluorene in different F<sub>1</sub>mouse hybrids: Variation within genotypes and effects of using more than one genotype on risk assessment (1991)

Several F1 mouse hybrids were used in a chronic bioassay to determine whether such an experimental design would provide greater statistical power than using only the B6C3F1 hybrid. For this purpose, the dose response of formation of hepatocellular and bladder tumors after 30 mo of feeding 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) in the diet was assessed in 4 F1 mouse hybrids, including the B6C3F1 hybrid. No strain background-related differences in frequency of bladder neoplasms between any F1 hybrids were detected. Bladder tumors occurred only at the highest 2-AAF dose in female mice. In males the lowest dose was already sufficient to induce bladder neoplasms with incidences of 25-48% adjusted for different nontumor mortality patterns across doses. No marked strain-related differences in hepatocellular tumor rates were apparent in either sex. Higher frequencies of hepatocellular neoplasms were observed among the untreated control males of the B6C3, AY, and CVA F1 hybrids than among the comparable females. Among treated mice, the lowest 2-AAF dose increased liver tumor incidence, more so among the females than among the males. The different background genomes resulted in somewhat different risk assessments for liver tumor formation in males due to differences in the time-to-tumor curves. Except for the much higher background liver tumor rate in the CVY mice, the adjusted liver tumor incidences were similar across the four hybrids. Hence, the levels of statistical significance obtained for dose-response trends and comparisons of treated and control groups were similar using 48 animals per dose groups with B6C3 mice, or combinations of 24 animals per dose from 2 genotypes, or 12 animals per dose from the 4 hybrid genotypes. Estimates of carcinogenic potency for bladder tumors were similar, within a factor of two, across the four hybrids. However, estimates of liver tumor potency across genotypes varied by a factor of two and six for females and males, respectively. Thus, the mean of cancer potency estimates across these genotypes would be more representative for mice than results from any single genotype. As in chronic carcinogenesis studies with other test agents, neoplasms developed in only a certain proportion, rather than in all, of the genetically identical animals exposed to a given dose of the toxicant for the same length of time under the same controlled environmental conditions. This phenotypic variability in toxic responses may reflect differential regulation of gene expression among the genetically identical test animals.
Dispersion Management with Higher Order Mode Fibers (2003)

Dispersion compensation with few-mode fibers is emerging as a promising technique that can provide full dispersion and dispersion-slope compensation. The inherent modal path diversity of these fibers allows implementation of static as well as tunable dispersion management schemes. In addition, the low non-linearity of this technology can improve system OSNR, leading to enhancements in transmission distances.
Using Collocation Statistics in Information Extraction (1998)

INTRODUCTION Our main objective in participating MUC-7 is to investigate and experiment with the use of collocation statistics in information extraction. A collocation is a habitual word combination, such as &quot;weather a storm&quot;, &quot;file a lawsuit&quot;, and &quot;the falling yen&quot;. Collocation statistics refers to the frequency counts of the collocational relations extracted from a parsed corpus. For example, out of 6577 instances of &quot;addition&quot; in a corpus, 5190 was used as the object of &quot;in&quot;. Out of 3214 instances of &quot;hire&quot;, 12 of them take &quot;alien&quot; as the object. We participated in two tasks: Named Entity and Coreference. In both tasks, the input text is processed in two passes. During the first pass we use the parse trees of input texts, combined with collocation statistics obtained from a large corpus, to automatically acquire or enrich lexical entries which are then used in the second pass. COLLOCATION DATABASE We define a collocation to be a dependency triple that cons
Calicivirus Pathogenic for Swine: a New Serotype Isolated from Opaleye <i>Girella nigricans</i> , an Ocean Fish (1980)

A new calicivirus, designated San Miguel sea lion virus type 7 (SMSV-7), was isolated from fish and produced a disease condition identical to vesicular exanthema in experimentally infected swine. Serotype SMSV-7 was also isolated from four elephant seals and one sea lion trematode, whereas a second calicivirus serotype isolated from fish proved to be SMSV-6.
Correlation between Plantar Foot Temperature and Diabetic Neuropathy: A Case Study by Using an Infrared Thermal Imaging Technique (2010)

Infrared thermal imaging may be used as an additional tool for evaluation of high risk diabetic feet.
The Emerging Link between the Hippo Pathway and Non-coding RNA (2019)

The Hippo intracellular signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in cell fate determination. Although previous studies have identified many components of the Hippo pathway, the whole picture of the Hippo network is just beginning to be delineated. Recent discoveries in the past decade have shed light on a newly discovered signaling network where the Hippo pathway interplays with several types of non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, to mediate diverse biological processes. Those non-coding RNAs communicate with each other to maintain cellular homeostasis. In this review article, we summarize the current and emerging understanding of the roles of non-coding RNAs in the regulation of and by the Hippo pathway.
Music carries a message to youths. (1986)

The most widely played song in Mexico in March 1986 is a special record designed to encourage young people to be sexually responsible and not to bring into the world children they cannot care for. "It's OK to say 'no,'" is the message of a unique new family planning and health communication project designed to reach young people in 11 Spanish speaking countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. What makes this ambitious regional project so unique is not just the message or the remarkable success of the 1st song but the combination of materials that were produced, the way they were produced, and how they are now being used throughout the region. The Population Communication Services project in the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health (JHU/PCS) has been working in Latin America and elsewhere for 4 years to support innovative family planning communication projects. It became evident that 1 key group was not being reached, i.e., young people aged 13-18 who comprise approximately 30% of the total population in Latin America. The fertility and sexual behavior of young people have a significant impact on their own lives, their community, their country, and the region. Early pregnancy is a major health and social problem throughout the region and the world. To address this problem, the JHU/PCS decided to develop a regional Latin American project to make young people more sharply aware of the personal advantages to them of responsible parenthood. JHU/PCS put together a financial, marketing, and institutional package. The US Agency for International Development (USAID) provided the finances. Analysis showed that the common denominator for young people throughout the region is music. The decision was made to produce 2 songs, each with a music video, pressed on each side of 45 rpm single records and enclosed in a full-size, full-color, 2-sided record jacket which folds out into a poster. The next step was to refine the general message of sexual responsibility to a specific message, one that young people would listen to and that would not offend others. Once the artists and the messages had been identified, a contest was held for the music and lyrics, with more than 20 professional composers participating. An underlying concern built into the design of this project was that the materials had to appeal to young people as popular songs, not as educational materials. The marketing of what became known as the "Tatiana & Johnny Project" included sending: copies of the record to 3020 radio stations; copies of the record and music videos to 250 television stations; press kits to 350 newspapers, magazines, and journals; and brochures about the project to 3500 media representatives throughout the region. Initial reaction to the project has been overwhelmingly positive. Lessons learned from the project are identified.
New methods for surface modification and covalent attachment of heparin. (1998)

Research is continually under way to improve biocompatibility performance in biomaterials. This article discusses a technique for the covalent attachment of heparin and other drugs onto a variety of polymer and metal surfaces. It offers the potential to improve haemocompatibility and lubricity in a number of medical device applications as well as new drug-delivery systems.
Gene Therapy with Vector-producing Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (2010)

Suicide gene therapy with retroviral vector-producing cells was feasible as an adjuvant to the surgical resection of recurrent glioblastoma, although any benefit appeared to be marginal. Further evaluation of the therapeutic strategy with the vector-producing cells must incorporate improved delivery of vectors and transgenes to the target cells. We have previously demonstrated the ability of vector-producing tumor cells engineered by the adenovirus-retrovirus hybrid vector to destroy satellite tumor cells, although therapeutic efficacy for aggressive tumor has to be further evaluated by the systemic delivery of the vector-producing cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) should be an effective delivery vehicle to seek out tumor cells in vivo and transport cancer-killing gene or immune products with minimal rejection reaction by the host. We developed vector-producing tumor-tracking cells to improve suicide cancer gene therapy. Nucleofection was attempted to deliver retrovirus vector components into rodent MSCs. Athymic nude mice with subcutaneous 9L glioma were received vector-producing MSCs through the left ventricular cavity. Optical bioluminescence imaging in vivo revealed accumulation of the MSCs into the subcutaneous 9L tumors but not Rat-1 transplants. Consequently, the vector-producing MSCs significantly enhanced pro-drug killing of glioma cells compared to MSCs without ability to generate progeny virus. Our study demonstrated the effective MSCs-mediated tumor transduction with progeny vector production to improve suicide gene therapy. Although therapeutic benefit in the various orthotopic or metastatic tumor models has to be further validated, this transduction strategy would eradicate evasive tumors in situ.
Colon Polyps and Cancer (2003)

A large number of studies published last year in peer-reviewed medical journals help to better define the advantages and limitations of the different options for colorectal cancer screening. Direct colonoscopy screening appears to have the greatest potential to markedly reduce both the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer, but many obstacles limiting its widespread use in the general at-risk population still exist, and many questions remain incompletely answered. Recent studies stress the fact that finding and resecting advanced adenomatous polyps, and thereby preventing cancer, is becoming a primary objective of screening programs. Several papers also show the potential of emerging new methods of screening for specific markers in stool and for imaging the colon with computed-tomographic colonography (virtual colonoscopy). Other important publications highlighted in this review deal with the diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia, familial colorectal cancer, colorectal polyps and the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, and new and novel methods of improving the efficiency and safety of colonoscopic polypectomy.
Automatically documenting program changes (2010)

Source code modifications are often documented with log messages. Such messages are a key component of software maintenance: they can help developers validate changes, locate and triage defects, and understand modifications. However, this documentation can be burdensome to create and can be incomplete or inaccurate.
Antimetastatic effect of biological response modifiers in the "double grafted tumor system". (1986)

The antimetastatic effect of biological response modifiers (BRM) in a new experimental mouse model was studied. Intratumoral administration of BRMs (PSK, OK-432, interferon alpha A/D) strongly inhibited the growth of Meth-A solid tumors in male BALB/c mice and led to a complete regression of tumors and resistance to reinoculated tumors. Subsequently, the antimetastatic effect of BRMs was examined in the "double grafted tumor system," in which mice first received simultaneous intradermal inoculations of Meth-A in the right (10(6) cells) and left (2 X 10(5) cells) flanks and were then injected with BRMs in the right tumor on day 3. PSK and interferon (IFN) significantly inhibited the growth of the left (non-treated) tumor. This finding suggests that intratumoral BRM immunotherapy in one region has an effect on tumor growth in another region. Immunized spleen cells were taken from mice which had been cured by the intratumoral administration of BRMs and had rejected reinoculated tumors. One hour after intravenous injection of cyclophosphamide (2 mg/mouse), immunized spleen cells (2 X 10(7) cells/mouse) were injected into the Meth-A tumor on day 3. Adoptive transfers of PSK and IFN immunized spleen cells caused the complete regression of Meth-A tumors. These results suggest that the intratumoral administration of BRMs might induce cytotoxic cells in the left non-treated tumor of the "double grafted tumor system" and bring about the regression of metastatic tumors.
Effects of the extract of Forsythia suspensa on influenza A H1N1 infection in vitro (2010)

The present study investigated the effect of the extract of Forsythia suspensa(FSE) on the infection of MDCK cells by anti-H1N1 virus. The protective effect of FSE on the infected MDCK cells was evaluated through quantitative measurement of the changes in the cytopathic effects and by the ultraviolet (UV) absorbance at 600 nm. It was found that FSE was toxic to MDCK cells at a higher concentration, while it had a marked inhibitory effect on cell pathological changes at a lower concentration. Our findings demonstrate that FSE has a significant protective effect on MDCK cells infected in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that FSE can be developed as an anti-virus agent.

	 

	Key words: Forsythia suspense, H1N1 virus, the cytopathic effects.
[Treatment of allergic rhinitis rats by intranasal interferon gamma]. (2008)

IFN-gamma can inhibit the composition of IL-4 and IL-5, and inhibit the airway inflammation with eosinophilic infiltration and the serum levels of total IgE and ovalbumin specific IgE, probably through the mechanism of restraining the Th2 reaction by blockade of GATA-3 expression in the nasal tissue.
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN): Method, Characterization and Applications (2012)

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) have emerged as a next-generation drug delivery system with potential applications in pharmaceutical field, cosmetics, research, clinical medicine and other allied sciences. Recently, increasing attention has been focused on these SLN as colloidal drug carriers for incorporating hydrophilic or lipophilic drugs. Proteins and antigens intended for therapeutic purposes may be incorporated or adsorbed onto SLN, and further administered by parenteral routes or be alternative routes such as oral, nasal and pulmonary. The obstacles associated with conventional chemotherapy may be partially overcome by encapsulating them as SLN. The present review focuses on the utility of SLN in terms of their advantages, production methodology, characterization and applications. If properly investigated, SLNs may open new vistas in therapy of complex diseases.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i11.12065 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(11): 384-393
Comparison of refractory metal and silicide capping effects on aluminum metallizations (2003)

The effects of various refractory metal and silicide capping layers on aluminum metallizations are investigated. Ti-Al, Mo-Al, Ta-Al, WSi/sub 2/-Al, and MoSi/sub 2/-Al layered structures are compared in terms of electromigration and stress-induced voiding. The authors have found that the Ti-Al layered structure can suppress stress-induced void formation in underlying Al conductors. The effect of the Ti-Al layered structure on the suppression of stress-induced voiding can be attributed to the formation of the intermetallic compound Al/sub 3/Ti, which prevents plastic deformation of the film. Electromigration results indicate that the capping layers of refractory metals and silicides such as Ti, W, WSi/sub 2/, and MoSi/sub 2/ improve the mean time to failure by 4-10 times compared with Al without capping.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Review of Tumor Dormancy Therapy Using Traditional Oriental Herbal Medicine (2013)

Tumor dormancy therapy is a promising novel therapeutic approach that may be especially effective with Oriental herbal medicine. Further research is needed to determine its potential mechanisms and therapeutic applications.
Effects of TiO2 shells on optical and thermal properties of silver nanowires (2012)

A simple and efficient coating method of silver nanowires with uniform shells of TiO2 has been established using 2-mercaptoethanol monolayers. The thickness of the titania coating layer can be controlled by changing the concentration of the precursor solution. In situ TEM thermal annealing studies showed that the silver nanowire core remains intact until temperatures of 750 °C, which is significantly higher than the melting temperature of the bare silver nanowires. After this temperature, the Ag nanowires were melted and subsequently vaporized, leaving TiO2 nanotubes. The effects derived from the growth of titania shells on the optical properties of silver nanowires have been investigated as a function of the shell thickness. The surface plasmon resonance mode of these nanowires undergoes a gradual red shift and decreases in intensity upon systematic build-up of the dielectric cover.
A very low power and high-quality signal transmission baseband LSIC for personal communications-advanced signal processing and one-channel integration (2002)

This paper proposes a very low power consumption (2V operation) one-chip baseband LSIC for personal communication terminals. It is composed of a /spl pi//4 QPSK modem, a TDMA-TDD controller, an ADPCM codec and a LAPDC controller. The developed CMOS LSIC completely meets the PHS (Personal Handy Phone System) standard. By employing a novel coherent demodulator and an ADPCM codec with a click noise suppressor, 6dB higher-quality voice transmission has been realized in fading environments. Moreover, the novel circuit configurations of the modem, the ADPCM codec, the TDMA-TDD controller and the LAPDC controller make it possible to reduce significantly the power consumption of the baseband circuits of personal communication terminals.
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Method for the Preparation of Ethynylferrocene. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.