gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An effective hybrid multilevel error control scheme for wireless ATM networks (2002)

This paper describes an effective hybrid multilevel error control (HMEC) scheme for wireless ATM networks. In this scheme, the source information is segmented into a number of blocks, each with m cells and encoded into k (k/spl ges/m) cells. At the receiver, the original information can be reconstructed from m out of k correctly received cells. The ARQ protocol will work only when too many cells are dropped or lost due to uncorrectable error in the radio channel. The analysis results show that this scheme with appropriate parameters m,k: can achieve reduction of cell retransmission on the radio channel and improvement of network throughput over a wide range of channel error rate.
On the Breakup of Patterned Nanoscale Copper Rings into Droplets via Pulsed-Laser-Induced Dewetting: Competing Liquid-Phase Instability and Transport Mechanisms (2010)

Nanolithographically patterned copper rings were synthesized, and the self-assembly of the rings into ordered nanoparticle/nanodrop arrays was accomplished via nanosecond pulsed laser heating above the melt threshold. The resultant length scale was correlated to the transport and instability growths that occur during the liquid lifetime of the melted copper rings. For 13-nm-thick rings, a change in the nanoparticle spacing with the ring width is attributed to a transition from a Raleigh-Plateau instability to a thin film instability because of competition between the cumulative transport and instability timescales. To explore the competition between instability mechanisms further, we carried out experiments with 7-nm-thick rings. In agreement with the theoretical predictions, these rings break up in both the azimuthal and radial directions, confirming that a simple hydrodynamic model captures the main features of the processes leading to the breakup.
Indirect Bioleaching and ZINCEX<sup>TM</sup> Process: A Profitable Marriage to Process Zinc Polymetallic Concentrates (2009)

Indirect bioleaching is a biotechnology that presents important advantages when apply to bioprocessing of zinc and zinc polymetallic concentrates such as high metals recovery, fast kinetic of 4-5 hours to get full metals extraction, sulphur oxidation to elemental sulphur (avoiding sulphuric acid generation, while pyrite mineral remains untouched), and use of conventional reactors (aeration is not required) and normal process equipments. On the other hand, the development of high-efficiency bioreactors for ferrous iron bio-oxidation based on flooded fixed-bed model has opened the way to succeed in the potential commercial application of this innovative bio-hydrometallurgical technology, being especially attractive to benefit zinc and lead bulk or polymetallic concentrates containing other valuable metals like silver. In addition, a great variety of concentrates is feasible to be processed, e.g. in the range of 15% to 60% Zn and Pb metals content. That aim, within European Biomine project, for the first time in biohydrometallurgy field, indirect bioleaching technology applied on Zn/Pb polymetallic concentrates has been demonstrated in continuous in an integrated pilot plant at Tecnicas Reunidas’ (TR) R&D Centre in Madrid (Spain) producing electrolytic SHG zinc plates. Overall zinc recovery in the integrated pilot facility after more than 300 operating hours has been above 95% thanks to the ability and good performance of the ZincexTM technology (solvent extraction and electrowinning), in which obtaining of SHG electrolytic zinc is fully guaranteed with high current efficiency (above 93%) and good deposit morphology. In definitive, a profitable marriage between indirect bioleaching process and ZincexTM technology has been successfully demonstrated in TR facilities at pilot plant scale, and main results of such integrated pilot plant operation are presented in this paper.
Painful Bone Marrow Edema Syndrome of the Foot and Ankle (2010)

BMES of the foot and ankle is a clinical disorder seen in younger patients with a clinical history of prolonged foot and ankle pain of unknown etiology and without prior trauma. MR findings from this series are consistent with previous descriptions in the radiology literature. Furthermore, MR imaging can be utilized to monitor the progression or resolution of this disorder. Proper diagnosis and treatment may prevent further unnecessary diagnostic testing or surgical procedures.
Selective Hydrogenation of Phenol to Cyclohexanone over Pd–HAP Catalyst in Aqueous Media (2015)

Abstract The production of pure cyclohexanone under mild conditions over catalysts with high reactivity, selectivity, compatibility, stability, and low cost is still a great challenge. Here we report a hydroxyapatite‐bound palladium catalyst (Pd–HAP) to demonstrate its excellent performance on phenol hydrogenation to cyclohexanone. Based on catalyst characterization, the Pd nanoclusters (≈0.9 nm) are highly dispersed and bound to phosphate in HAP. Only basic active sites on HAP surface are detected. At 25 °C and ambient H 2 pressure in water, phenol can be 100 % converted into cyclohexanone with 100 % selectivity. This system shows a universal applicability to temperature, pH, solvent, low H 2 purity, and pressure. The catalyst reveals high stability to be recycled without deactivation or morphology change; and Pd nano‐clusters barely aggregate even at 400 °C. During the reaction, HAP adsorbs phenol, and Pd nanoclusters activate and spillover H 2 . The mechanism is also investigated, proposed, and verified.
Demosaicking of Noisy Bayer-Sampled Color Images With Least-Squares Luma-Chroma Demultiplexing and Noise Level Estimation (2012)

This paper adapts the least-squares luma-chroma demultiplexing (LSLCD) demosaicking method to noisy Bayer color filter array (CFA) images. A model is presented for the noise in white-balanced gamma-corrected CFA images. A method to estimate the noise level in each of the red, green, and blue color channels is then developed. Based on the estimated noise parameters, one of a finite set of configurations adapted to a particular level of noise is selected to demosaic the noisy data. The noise-adaptive demosaicking scheme is called LSLCD with noise estimation (LSLCD-NE). Experimental results demonstrate state-of-the-art performance over a wide range of noise levels, with low computational complexity. Many results with several algorithms, noise levels, and images are presented on our companion web site along with software to allow reproduction of our results.
H pylori infection. Review of the guideline for diagnosis and treatment. (2000)

Helicobacter pylori infection is prevalent among persons over age 60, is strongly associated with peptic and duodenal ulcer, and is caused by a microbe classified as a carcinogen. These factors combine to make the primary care physician key to proper diagnosis and treatment of H pylori infection. In 1998, the American College of Gastroenterology published an evidence-based guideline for the management of this infection. The guideline produced several fundamental recommendations that help clarify the management process: asymptomatic persons should not undergo testing, but testing should be performed on certain persons, testing should only be done if the intention is to treat; the choice of test is governed by the need for endoscopy; and several triple-therapy regimens are effective for eradication.
Light scattering from magnetic excitations in orthoferrites (1982)

The Raman spectra of YFe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, SmFe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, DyFe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, HoFe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, and ErFe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ have been measured as a function of temperature from 8 to 650 K. For all the materials, the spectra show two features in the 5 to 20 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ range. From their polariziation properties, these two modes are identified as the two predicted spin-wave modes. For several of the samples, the ratio of the intensity of the Stokes-shifted to anti-Stokes-shifted peaks is not as expected for boson excitations. In addition, rotating the sample by 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} causes an inversion of the Stokes-to-anti-Stokes intensity ratio. The effect has been attributed to an intereference between linear and quadratic magnetic contributions to the dielectric function, and this model can account for the observations. Another striking effect probed by the light scattering is the spin-reorientation transition which occurs in the vicinity of 470 and 90 K for SmFe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and ErFe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, respectively. In this transition, the net magnetic moment rotates continuously by 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} in the $\mathrm{ac}$ plane, with a resultant change in the spin-wave symmetries. This transition occurs over a temperature interval of about 20 K, during which the frequency of one of the spin-wave modes is expected to go to zero. While the change in spin-wave symmetry is reflected in the light scattering spectra, we do not observe complete "softening," and attribute this observation to a coupling with the rare-earth electronic states.
Development of insecticide resistance and cross‐resistance in fenvalerate‐, and cypermethrin‐selected strains of <i>Earias vittella</i>(fab.) (1989)

Abstract First‐instar Earias vittella (Fab.) larvae were selected with fenvalerate and cypermethrin for 15 successive generations in the laboratory at 28(± 1)°C. The insect developed 7.8‐fold resistance to fenvalerate and no resistance to cypermethrin. The fenvalerate‐selected strain developed 2800‐fold and 1200‐fold cross‐resistance to endosulfan and carbaryl, respectively. This strain, however, did not manifest cross‐resistance to the organophosphorus insecticides, quinalphos, fenitrothion, monocrotophos and malathion, or to the synthetic pyrethroid, cypermethrin. The cypermethrin‐selected strain acquired 5‐, 4‐, and 3‐fold cross‐resistance to endosulfan, fenvalerate and carbaryl, respectively and no cross‐resistance to the above organophosphorus insecticides.
A distributed lock manager on fault tolerant MPP (2002)

The Distributed Lock Manager (DLM) is the cornerstone of running the Oracle Parallel Server on a MPP Unix system. The DLM grants resource locks in NULL, READ, WRITE, and other levels. The DLM is typically implemented either with distributed message passing or in global memory, depending on the architecture. Reflective memory on the Encore Infinity 90 architecture permits a shared memory style DLM. Each node runs a separate copy of Unix so failure of one node is isolated and DLM recovery can cleanup state. A node can later rejoin the Oracle session after node repair.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Sensing and filtering characteristics of electrostatic sensors for pneumatically conveyed particles (2011)

Electrostatic sensor, which can also be called as triboelectric sensor or electrodynamic sensor, senses the electrostatic charge carried by the dry particle in pneumatic conveyor. Source of the signal induced on the electrostatic sensor is brought by the object to be measured and no excitation circuit is necessary. Electrostatic sensors are used in the process industry due their low cost and robust. This paper describes an investigation into characteristics of circular and rectangular plate shapes of electrostatic sensors. Two parameters were investigated, the effect of sensor area on sensitivity and the spatial filtering effect of the sensor due to its finite size. Models were proposed and results obtained and used to compare with experimental values. It was observed that relationships existed between sensor sensitivity, sensor area and sensor spatial filtering effect.

	 

	Key words: Electrostatic sensor, sensitivity, spatial filtering, electrodynamic sensor.
Procédé de séparation continu d'hydrates de carbone par chromatographie liquide en simulation de lit mobile (1991)

La separation des principaux monosaccharides (glucose, xylose, galactose, mannose, arabinose) extraits de la matiere vegetale et des polyols correspondants (sorbitol, xylitol, galactitol, mannitol, arabinitol), par chromatographie d'echange de ligands avec l'eau comme eluant est etudiee. L'ordre d'elution est correle a la faculte de formation de complexes avec differents cations. Des separations difficiles avec le calcium comme contre-ion sont nettement ameliorees grace a la mise en uvre de terres rares (yttrium, lanthane, praseodyme). Le choix des caracteristiques de la resine chromatographique (taux de reticulation, granulometrie) est effectue grace a la realisation d'un plan d'experiences. Une installation de chromatographie continue par simulation de lit mobile est decrite. La realisation d'un second plan d'experiences, pour les facteurs debit d'elution et quantite injectee, permet de definir les conditions de mise en charge du separateur. Une methode de prevision des conditons de fonctionnement en continu est proposee et verifiee experimentalement. Plusieurs modeles pour la representation des phenomenes chromatographiques en continu sont testes
Retroprospecciones Intertextuales: a propósito de Pierre Bayard y el plagio por anticipado (2013)

Este artículo expone la noción de plagio por anticipado desarrollada por el crítico francés Pierre Bayard, así como sus precedentes, y la sitúa en el marco de una teoría narrativa de la experiencia humana y una teoría hermenéutica de la lectura entendida a través de los fenómenos de la retroprospección y la retroacción. This paper expounds the notion of plagiarism by anticipation, put forward by the French critic Pierre Bayard, as well as its precedents, and situates it within the framework of a narrative theory of human experience and a hermeneutic theory of reading based on the phenomena of prospective hindsight and retroaction
Comparison of the performance of optically amplified transmission systems (1996)

In this paper, we show a comparison among the performance of single- and multichannel optical systems considering NRZ and soliton signals. The results have been obtained by means of numerical simulations, taking into consideration the chromatic dispersion, the Kerr nonlinearity, the fiber loss, and the ASE noise of the optical amplifiers. The performance of IM-DD and coherent asynchronous ASK systems have been evaluated in terms of the Q factor. We have considered the propagation in links encompassing conventional step-index fibers, DS fibers and in links with two different dispersion management techniques in which the chromatic dispersion is varied along the propagation distance both in randomly and in deterministically way. The effects of the in-line filtering process are mainly investigated in soliton propagation.
Genetic Algorithm Based Template Optimization for a Vision System: Obstacle Detection (2009)

A simulator is developed for training and optimizing the templates for cellular neural networks for obstacle detection. The simulator uses the Genetic Algorithm (GA) for training the cellular neural network. The traditional method of genetic algorithm involves creating an initial population of random solutions (chromosomes) in binary format, the so called chromosomes encoding. But this approach of genetic algorithm defines the chromosomes in the form of real numbers, thus eliminating the need of encoding and decoding of the chromosomes. The results differ, by no means, with those of the traditional methods. The method was used for obstacle detection for autonomous vehicles giving two stereo images of a sequence as inputs. The output results for various different image processing tasks are also presented.
Dynamic maskless holographic lithography and applications (2012)

The purpose of this research is to improve the resolution of dynamic maskless holographic lithography (DMHL) by using two-photon absorption, to provide a more thorough characterization of the process, and to expand the functionality of the process by adding previously undemonstrated patterning modes. Two-photon DMHL will be performed in both 2D and 3D configurations with specific characterization relating to process resolution and repeatability. The physical limits of DMHL will be discussed and ways to circumvent them will be proposed and tested. DMHL eliminates the need for a separate mask for every different pattern exposure and allows for real-time shaping of the exposure pattern. It uses an electrically addressable spatial light modulator (SLM) to create an arbitrary intensity pattern at the specimen plane. The SLM is a phase mask that displays a hologram. An algorithm is used to find an appropriate phase hologram for each desired intensity pattern. Each pixel of the SLM shapes the wavefront of the incoming laser light so that the natural Fourier transforming property of a lens causes the desired image to appear in the specimen plane. The process enables one-off projects to be done without the cost of fabricating a mask, and makes it possible to perform lithography with fewer (or even no) moving parts.
Chromosomal aberrations in colorectal cancers and liver metastases analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization (2001)

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was used to screen for changes in the number of DNA sequence copies in 30 primary colorectal cancers and 16 liver metastases, to identify regions that contain genes important for the development and progression of colorectal cancer. In primary colorectal cancer, we found frequent gains at 7p21 (36.7%), 7q31-36 (30%), 8q23-24 (43.0%), 12p (30%), 14q24-32 (33.3%), 16p (40.0%), 20p (33.3%), 20q (63.3%) and 21q (36.3%), while loss was often noted at 18q12-23 (36.7%). In metastatic tumors, there were significantly more gains and losses of DNA sequences than in primary tumors, with gains at 8q23-24 (found in 62.5% of recurrences vs. 43.0% of primary tumors), 15q21-26 (37.5% vs. 20.0%), 19p (43.8% vs. 20.0%) and 20q (81.3% vs. 63.3%) and losses at 18q12-23 (50.0% vs. 36.7%). The pattern of genetic changes seen in metastatic tumors, with frequent gains at 8q23-24 and 20q and loss at 18q12-23, suggests the progression of colorectal cancer. We investigated a clinical follow-up study for all patients examined by CGH and directed our attention to the genetic changes consisting of gains at 8q and 20q. The incidence of liver metastases was higher in patients with primary colorectal cancer with these genetic changes. Gains at 8q and 20q might be useful to identify patients at high risk for developing liver metastases.
Number theory in science and communication: with applications in cryptography, physics, digital information, computing, and self-similarity (1998)

Theory in Science and Communication is a well-known introduction for non-mathematicians to this fascinating and useful branch of applied mathematics . It stresses intuitive understanding rather than abstract theory and highlights important concepts such as continued fractions, the golden ratio, quadratic residues and Chinese remainders, trapdoor functions, pseudo primes and primitive elements. Their applications to problems in the real world are one of the main themes of the book. This revised fifth edition is augmented by recent advances in coding theory, permutations and derangements and a chapter in quantum cryptography. From reviews of earlier editions I continue to find [Schroeders] Number Theory a goldmine of valuable information. It is a marvelous book, in touch with the most recent applications of number theory and written with great clarity and humor. Philip Morrison (Scientific American) A light-hearted and readable volume with a wide range of applications to which the author has been a productive contributor useful mathematics outside the formalities of theorem and proof. Martin Gardner
Resolution of Carboxylic Acids Using Copper(I)-Promoted Removal of Propargylic Esters under Neutral Conditions (2011)

A method for the optical resolution of carboxylic acids is described. Condensation of racemic carboxylic acids with chiral terminal propargyl alcohols gave separable diastereomeric esters. Chromatographic separation followed by heating the individual diastereomers in methanol with catalytic copper(I) halide regenerated the carboxylic acids in good yields and in enantiomeric ratios of ≥94%. This method is particularly useful for the resolution of carboxylic acids that are incompatible with conventional ester hydrolysis.
Magnetic coupling in 3<i>d</i>transition-metal monolayers and bilayers on bcc (100) iron (1995)

We have calculated the magnetization profile in the (100) surface of bcc Fe covered by a monolayer or a bilayer of 3d transition metals. The calculated trends are explained in terms of the hybridization between the 3d states of the overlayer and the Fe substrate.
Identification of Thyroxine-Sulfate (T <sub>4</sub> S) in Human Serum and Amniotic Fluid by a Novel T <sub>4</sub> S Radioimmunoassay (1992)

Recently, we identified significant amounts of thyroxine sulfate (T4S) in fetal sheep serum, meconium, bile, and amniotic and allantoic fluids. Little is known, however, about sulfate conjugation of thyroxine in humans. In this study, we employed a novel, sensitive T4S RIA to address this question. The rabbit antiserum was quite specific; T4, T3, rT3, and 3,3'-T2 showed less than 0.002% cross-reactivity. Other analogs cross-reacted less than 0.0001%. Only rT3S and T3S cross-reacted significantly (9.9% and 2.0%, respectively). The mean serum T4S concentration (ng/dL) was 8.6 in euthyroid subjects, 14.4 in hyperthyroid subjects, 5.0 in hypothyroid subjects, 5.9 in pregnancy, and 4.5 in patients with nonthyroid illnesses. T4S concentration in amniotic fluid from women at 18-19 weeks of gestation (25.5 ng/dL) was higher than that at 14-15 weeks of gestation (14.3 ng/dL). A significant rise in serum T4S was detected in hyperthyroid patients 1 day after ingestion of 1 g of ipodate. These data suggest that T4S is a normal component of human serum and amniotic fluid, and it is mostly derived from T4 peripherally and accumulates when type I 5'-monodeiodinating activity is low in fetuses or inhibited by drugs, such as ipodate.
Bifunctional NHS-BAT ester for antibody conjugation and stable technetium-99m labeling: conjugation chemistry, immunoreactivity and kit formulation. (1996)

According to straightforward conjugation chemistry, the ease of 99mTc labeling and the application of a simple ultrafiltration technique, the NHS-BAT ester represents a nondestructive, universally applicable biofunctional ligand to introduce stable 99mTc protein binding sites. Kit formulated conjugation/labeling can be performed with little time requirements and laboratory experience.
Ceramic Based Small LTE MIMO Handset Antenna (2012)

A compact multiband antenna for handset and tablet applications is presented, covering most LTE Bands (698-960 and 1710-2690 MHz). This study utilizes a new ceramic material suitable for the internal antenna design which gives a shorter guided wavelength and wider bandwidth for each resonant mode to achieve antenna size reduction, sufficient space utilization, and very low correlation coefficient as MIMO antennas. The occupied volume of the antenna radiator is only 35 × 11 × 5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , equal to 0.082 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> × 0.026λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> × 0.012λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> (λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> is the wavelength at 700 MHz) whose radiation aperture is only λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> /11 so the antenna is a good candidate as an internal antenna.