gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Die Lichtabsorption des Co<sup>2+</sup> und Ni<sup>2+</sup> in oxidischen Festkörpern mit Granatstruktur. I (1964)

Abstract Mit Hilfe der farbgebenden Ionen Co 2+ und Ni 2+ als "optische Indikatoren" wurde versucht, feinere Struktureigentümlichkeiten des Granatgitters zu erfassen. In den in der vorliegenden Arbeit untersuchten Germanium‐Granaten wird das Co 2+ ‐Ion in allen drei verfügbaren Kationenpositionen (Koordinationszahlen 4, 6 und 8 gegenüber Sauerstoff), das Ni 2+ ‐Ion nur in Positionen der K.Z.4 und 6 gefunden. Die Auswirkungen von Veränderungen der Oktaederlückendimensionen auf die Gitterfeldstärken D q und die Elektronenabstoßungsparameter B der in den Oktaeder‐ und Tetraederlücken befindlichen Kationen Ni 2+ und Co 2+ werden untersucht. Es werden Angaben über die Verteilung der Co 2+ und Ni 2+ ‐Ionen über die verschiedenen Lückenarten des Granatgitters und ihre Temperaturabhängigkeit gemacht. Die Ergebnisse wurden durch eine detaillierte Analyse der Absorptionsspektren im Wellenzahlbereich zwischen 4000 und 26000 cm −1 und deren Interpretation auf der Grundlage der Kristallfeldtheorie erhalten.
Dedifferentiation of serous ovarian cancer from cystic to solid tumors is associated with increased expression of mRNA for urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), its receptor (uPAR) and its inhibitor (PAI-1) (2001)

The plasminogen activating system is involved in tumor growth and metastasis by degradation of extracellular matrix, and modulation of cell adhesion and migration. Benign and well-differentiated malignant ovarian tumors present as cystic lesions with preserved glandular morphology, whereas poorly differentiated tumors and metastases are solid with characteristic absence of glandular morphology. We analyzed the mRNAs for urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), its receptor (uPAR), and inhibitor (PAI-1) in serous ovarian tumors by in situ hybridization and by densitometric scanning of Northern blots prepared from tissue extracts. The mRNA expressing cells in the in situ hybridization sections were evaluated and counted by two different observers. The number of mRNA expressing cells for uPA, uPAR and PAI-1 were all significantly increased in solid as compared with cystic malignant tumors. The increased expression of all three mRNA species was mainly located in the stroma of poorly differentiated tumors and metastases. Apart from being expressed in the stroma of these tumors, uPAR mRNA was also expressed by tumor cells located along the stromal/epithelial boarder. In addition, the tumor tissue content of uPA, uPAR and PAI-1 mRNAs as measured by Northern blots were higher in the solid as compared with the cystic tumors. Increased expression of uPA, uPAR and PAI-1 genes in the solid tumors suggest a correlation with a more aggressive phenotype.
Wet Oxidation of Water-soluble Polymers (1981)

Abstract Wet oxidation of various water-soluble polymers was carried out with particular attention given to the reactivity of polyethylene glycol. Polymers with high molecular weight were more reactive than their low molecular weight analogues or monomer models. It is suggested that the high reactivity of the polymers can be attributed to the ease of an intramolecular hydrogen abstraction in the propagation step of oxidation. Bio-degradability of the polymers was highly improved by wet oxidation. Wet oxidation is especially effective for the treatment of waste water containing water-soluble polymers.
Solving the general inter-ring distances optimization problem for concentric ring electrodes to improve Laplacian estimation (2018)

Obtained results suggest the potential of using optimization of inter-ring distances to improve the accuracy of surface Laplacian estimation via concentric ring electrodes. Identical approach can be applied to solving corresponding inter-ring distances optimization problems for electrode configurations with higher numbers of concentric rings. Solutions of the proposed inter-ring distances optimization problem define the class of the optimized inter-ring distances electrode designs. These designs may result in improved noninvasive sensors for measurement systems that use concentric ring electrodes to acquire electrical signals such as from the brain, intestines, heart or uterus for diagnostic purposes.
Aggregation of poliovirus and reovirus by dilution in water (1977)

Poliovirus and reovirus were found to aggregate into clumps of up to several hundred particles when diluted 10-fold into distilled water from a stock preparation of minimal aggregation in 0.05 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2, plus 22 to 30% sucrose. Reovirus was also found to aggregate when diluted into phosphate-buffered saline. The aggregation was concentration dependent and did not occur when either virus was diluted into water 100-fold or greater. The aggregation of poliovirus was reversible by further addition of saline and produced a dispersed preparation of virus. Reovirus aggregation was not reversible. Both viruses aggregated when diluted into buffers at pH 5 and 3, and poliovirus aggregated at pH 6, and this aggregation of both viruses was reversible when returned to pH 7. Aggregation did not occur at alkaline pH values. Aggregation at low pH could be caused aggregation of either virus at pH 7. Calcium ions, however, were found to aggregate both viruses at a concentration of 0.01 M.
Both Transcriptional Regulation and Translational Control of ATF4 Are Central to the Integrated Stress Response (2010)

In response to different environmental stresses, phosphorylation of eIF2 (eIF2∼P) represses global translation coincident with preferential translation of ATF4. ATF4 is a transcriptional activator of the integrated stress response, a program of gene expression involved in metabolism, nutrient uptake, anti-oxidation, and the activation of additional transcription factors, such as CHOP/GADD153, that can induce apoptosis. Although eIF2-P elicits translational control in response to many different stress arrangements, there are selected stresses, such as exposure to UV irradiation, that do not increase ATF4 expression despite robust eIF2∼P. In this study we addressed the underlying mechanism for variable expression of ATF4 in response to eIF2∼P during different stress conditions and the biological significance of omission of enhanced ATF4 function. We show that in addition to translational control, ATF4 expression is subject to transcriptional regulation. Stress conditions such as endoplasmic reticulum stress induce both transcription and translation of ATF4, which together enhance expression of ATF4 and its target genes in response to eIF2∼P. By contrast, UV irradiation represses ATF4 transcription, which diminishes ATF4 mRNA available for translation during eIF2∼P. eIF2∼P enhances cell survival in response to UV irradiation. However, forced expression of ATF4 and its target gene CHOP leads to increased sensitivity to UV irradiation. This combination of transcriptional regulation and translational control allows the eIF2 kinase pathway to selectively repress or activate key regulatory genes subject to preferential translation, providing the integrated stress response versatility to direct the transcriptome that is essential for maintaining the balance between stress remediation and apoptosis.
Application of <sup>212</sup>Pb for Targeted α-particle Therapy (TAT): Pre-clinical and Mechanistic Understanding through to Clinical Translation (2015)

Targeted α-particle therapy (TAT), in which an α-particle emitting radionuclide is specifically directed to a biological target, is gaining more attention to treat cancers as new targets are validated. Bio-vectors such as monoclonal antibodies are able to selectively transport α-particles to destroy targeted cancer cells. TAT has the potential for an improved therapeutic ratio over β-particle targeted conjugate therapy. The short path length and the intense ionization path generated render α-emitters suitable for treatment and management of minimal disease such as micrometastases or residual tumor after surgical debulking. <sup>212</sup>Pb is the longer-lived parent radionuclide of <sup>212</sup>Bi and serves as an in vivo generator of <sup>212</sup>Bi. <sup>212</sup>Pb has demonstrated significant utility in both in vitro and in vivo models. Recent evaluation of <sup>212</sup>Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab in a Phase I clinical trial has demonstrated the feasibility of <sup>212</sup>Pb in TAT for the treatment of ovarian cancer patients. This review highlights progress in radionuclide production, radiolabeling chemistry, molecular mechanisms, and application of <sup>212</sup>Pb to targeted pre-clinical and clinical radiation therapy for the management and treatment of cancer.
Automotive Gas Turbine Ceramic Component Testing (1983)

Development of ceramic components for the Garrett/Ford AGT101, Advanced Gas Turbine Powertrain System Development Project, authorized under NASA Contract DEN3-167 is an iterative process involving current and advanced NDE inspection techniques, visual/dimensional inspection, and mechanical and thermal screening tests. Analytically predicted peak thermal and/or mechanical component stresses have been defined for engine operation and are closely simulated during rig testing. As development testing continues steady state strain and transient thermal data is continually fed back to the analytical models to aid in the design/development process. As part of the ceramic development task for the AGT101 a set of ceramic parts (49), constituting a complete assembly of engine structural hardware has been successfully rig tested to 1144K (1600°F) without incident, qualifying this assembly for subsequent engine testing. During the course of testing approximately 7.5 hours of 1144K (1600°F) operation has been accumulated on the assembly.
Stereostructure of Komodoquinone A, a Neuritogenic Anthracycline, from Marine Streptomyces sp. KS3 (2003)

The absolute stereostructure of komodoquinone A (1), a neuritogenic anthracycline, which was isolated from a cultured marine Streptomyces sp. KS3, has been determined on the basis of chemical derivatization. Komodoquinone A (1) induces neuronal cell differentiation in the neuroblastoma cell line, Neuro 2A and arrests the cell cycle at the G1 phase. The effect of a solid-state medium on the production of 1 and its aglycone, komodoquinone B (2), was examined.
A reference architecture for plausible Threat Image Projection (TIP) within 3D X-ray computed tomography volumes (2020)

Qualitative evaluations on real 3D CT baggage imagery show that our approach is able to generate realistic and plausible TIP which are indiscernible from real CT volumes and the TIP quality scores are consistent with human evaluations.
The Nucleotide Sequence of Human Rhinovirus 1B: Molecular Relationships within the Rhinovirus Genus (1988)

We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of human rhinovirus 1B and made comparisons with other rhinoviruses. Extensive homology was found with serotypes 2 and 89 but the similarity to serotype 14 was considerably less. Rhinovirus-specific characteristics have been noted, in particular the length of the 5' non-coding region and the pattern of codon usage, and these may be sufficient to define the rhinoviruses as a distinct genus rather than being considered as members of the enteroviruses as has been suggested previously.
<b>Mechanisms of Steroid Oxidation by Microörganisms.</b><sup>1</sup> <b>II. Isolation and Characterization of 3aα-H-4α-[3″-Propionic acid]-7aβ-methylhexahydro-1,5-indanedione</b> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanisms of Steroid Oxidation by Microörganisms.1II. Isolation and Characterization of 3aα-H-4α-[3″-Propionic acid]-7aβ-methylhexahydro-1,5-indanedioneCharles J. Sih and K. C. WangCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 14, 2135–2137Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00897a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00897a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views126Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Zur Synthese von Peptiden mit Eigenschaften des Human‐Proinsulin‐C‐Peptids (<sub>h</sub>C‐Peptid), I. Syntheseplan and Darstellung der Sequenz 28–31 des Human‐Proinsulin‐C‐Peptids (1973)

Abstract Zur Synthese des h C‐Peptids werden Fragmente hergestellt, aus denen sukzessive vom Carboxylende her das Hentriacontapeptid aufgebaut wird. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt den Syntheseplan und die Darstellung der geschützten Sequenz 28–31, H‐Gly‐Ser(Bu t )‐Leu‐GlnOBu t 1 ) ) ( C β29 ‐ tert ‐Butyl‐Human‐Proinsulin‐C‐Peptid‐(28–31)‐tetrapeptid‐ tert ‐butylester).
Abstract MP32: Effectiveness Of Investigational RNAi Therapeutics Targeting Liver Angiotensinogen In Experimental Chronic Kidney Disease (2020)

Background: RNAi therapeutics targeting angiotensinogen (AGT) lower blood pressure in animal models of essential hypertension, but whether this treatment is beneficial in hypertensive chronic kidney disease (CKD) is yet unknown. Our aim was to assess the effectiveness of a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting hepatic AGT in a rat model of hypertensive CKD. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats (n=7-12 per group) were subjected to 5/6th nephrectomy, allowed to recover for four weeks, and subsequently subjected to one of five treatments: (1) vehicle, (2) AGT siRNA (10-30 mg/kg, s.c. every 2 weeks), (3) AGT siRNA + losartan (30 mg/kg/d), (4) losartan (30 mg/kg/d), or (5) losartan + captopril (30 and 6 mg/kg/d). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured by radiotelemetry for 4 weeks, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured by transcutaneous FITC-sinistrin clearance. Results: AGT siRNA and AGT siRNA + losartan reduced plasma AGT by 96.5 ± 1.4% and 97.0 ± 2.3%, respectively. Over the course of 4 weeks, proteinuria increased with vehicle and this increase was abrogated by all treatments (Δ proteinuria at 4 weeks versus baseline: +0.17 [0.12, 0.23], +0.02 [-0.04, 0.05], -0.01 [-0.07, 0.06], -0.05 [-0.12, 0.00], -0.01 [-0.06, 0.11] for vehicle, AGT siRNA, AGT siRNA + losartan, losartan, losartan + captopril, P < 0.05 for all groups compared with vehicle). Similarly, heart weight was equally reduced by all treatments except vehicle. No intervention affected GFR. Over the course of 4 weeks, MAP increased (from a baseline of 154 ± 18 mmHg) during vehicle treatment and this rise was prevented by AGT siRNA (+13 ± 15 mmHg vs. -2 ± 14 mmHg, P > 0.05 for difference between groups). Combination treatment with AGT siRNA + losartan, losartan + captopril, and losartan alone caused a similar and marked reduction in MAP (-17 ± 14 mmHg, -21 ± 17 mmHg, and -33 ± 20 mmHg, P < 0.05 versus vehicle for all; differences between groups not significant). Conclusion: In experimental CKD, AGT siRNA monotherapy appears to reduce proteinuria and heart weight in a blood pressure-independent fashion, to a similar degree as losartan or combination treatment. Thus, an siRNA targeting hepatic AGT may be a potential therapeutic approach for providing renal and cardioprotection in CKD.
Multi-platform GMTI tracking for surveillance and reconnaissance coalition environments (2002)

The focus of this paper is to describe several recent applications of multi-platform ground moving target indicator (GMTI) tracking technology for surveillance and reconnaissance coalition environments. As part of the U.S. Air Force's 1999 Joint Expeditionary Force experiment (JEFX), we demonstrated (in stand-alone mode) GMTI tracking technology for a simulated ground target scenario consisting of 20,000+ military and civilian ground vehicles and GMTI sensor data based on multiple U.S. and coalition radar simulators (i.e., U.S. Joint STARS and Global Hawk, U.K. ASTOR, French HORIZON, Italy CRESO). As part of NATO's Joint Project Optic Windmill (JPOW) V/Clean Hunter 2000 (CN00), we demonstrated the real-time operation of GMTI tracking technology in a live military coalition exercise environment. Two such systems were supported at JPOW V/CN00: (i) an on-board system consisting of the GMTI tracker ported to a DEC ALPHA on the Navy's P3 APY-6 platform, and used by operators to track ground targets based on GMTI data produced by the APY-6 radar system alone, and (ii) an off-board system consisting of the GMTI tracker ported to a Sun Quad Ultra 80 at NATO HQ AIRNORTH at Ramstein AFB Germany, and used to track ground targets based on real GMTI data produced by both the P3 APY-6 and the French HORIZON. In addition, simulated GMTI data from the JSTARS, Global Hawk, and ASTOR radar simulators was also produced and tracked based on a simulated ground target scenario consisting of 30,000+ military and civilian ground vehicles.
Gate controlled 2-DEG varactor for VCO applications in microwave circuits (2003)

A novel gate-controlled Schottky diode varactor is introduced. The three terminal varactor is a modulation doped heterostructure of AlGaAs-GaAs with two Schottky contacts, similar to a metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) diode. Schottky metal contacts are made to a two dimensional electron gas (2-DEG). The third, gate, contact is formed from highly doped n/sup +/ GaAs material to allow an open optical window that can be used for optical gating and mixing. Structure capacitance is less than 1 pF and a change of more than 30 percent from the zero bias capacitance is observed with the applied gate voltage. The interdigital structure dimensions can be scaled to cover a wide range of operation in the microwave and millimeter wave regimes.
The synthesis of finite state syntax directed top-down and bottom-up transducers (1970)

The notion of context-free LR(K) and LL(K) grammars and of the related bottom-up and top-down syntax-directed parsings are well known [1,2,3]. In this report we present a number of synthesis algorithms which take a non-self-embedding, sequential, context-free grammar and produce the finite state transducer which either top-down or bottom-up parses sentences in the language induced by the grammar if this grammar is finite state LL(K) respectively LR(K). This later property is decidable.
Efficacy of Orally Administered Low Dose N-methanocarbathymidine against Lethal Herpes Simplex Virus Type-2 Infections of Mice (2011)

These results indicated that low dose N-MCT treatment was more effective than acyclovir therapy. N-MCT may be effective against HSV disease in humans and is currently undergoing preclinical evaluation. In particular, its potential use as a combination therapy for HSV, with its differing metabolism from acyclovir, make it a promising compound to develop for human use.
LD end-pumped passively mode-locked Nd:YVO4 laser with single-walled carbon nanotubes (2011)

We demonstrate a LD end-pumped passively mode-locked Nd:YVO4 laser using a single-walled carbon nanotubes saturable absorber (SWCNT-SA). The SWCNT wafer was fabricated by electric arc discharge method on quartz substrate with absorption wavelength of 1064 nm. At the absorbed pump of 15.8 W, an output power of 750 mW CW (continuous wave) mode-locked laser pulse was achieved with the repetition of 79.7 MHz, corresponding to optical-optical efficiency of 4.75%.
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> mutations that alter the pathway of phosphorylation of the anti‐anti‐σ<sup>F</sup> factor SpoIIAA lead to a Spo<sup>−</sup> phenotype (2001)

Sigma-F, the first sporulation-specific transcription factor of Bacillus subtilis, is regulated by an anti-sigma factor SpoIIAB, which can also act as a protein kinase that phosphorylates the anti-anti-sigma factor SpoIIAA. The time course of phosphorylation reaction is biphasic, a fact that has been interpreted in terms of a mechanism for sequestering SpoIIAB away from sigmaF and thus allowing activation of sigmaF when needed. Site-directed mutagenesis of SpoIIAA has allowed us to isolate two mutants that cannot activate sigmaF and which are therefore Spo-. The two mutant SpoIIAA proteins, SpoIIAAL61A and SpoIIAAL90A, are phosphorylated with linear kinetics; in addition they are less able to form the stable non-covalent complex that wild-type SpoIIAA makes with SpoIIAB in the presence of ADP. The phosphorylated form of SpoIIAAL90A was hydrolysed by the specific phosphatase SpoIIE at the same rate as wild-type SpoIIAA-P, but the rate of hydrolysis of SpoIIAAL61A-P was much slower. The secondary structure and the global fold of the mutant proteins were unchanged from the wild type. The results are interpreted in terms of a model for the wild type in which SpoIIAB, after phosphorylating SpoIIAA, is released in a form that is tightly bound to ADP and which then makes a ternary complex with an unreacted SpoIIAA. We propose that it is the inability to make this ternary complex that deprives the mutant cells of a means of keeping SpoIIAB from inhibiting sigmaF.
Development of the three dimensional multi-electrode array for neural recording (2005)

A novel method has been developed for the manufacture of a three dimensional multi-electrode array (3D MEA), particularly, the shape of micro-tips can be varied by MEMS technology to construct different multi-electrode array. It improved the disadvantage of single electrode, which meant that it was available for multi recording and analysis of a series of signals. Overcome the difficulty of making interconnection line on 3D MEA chips via innovative fabrication process design. Use local isolation and removal of oxide films to forming electrodes and interconnections with oxide isolation covers. A 10/spl times/10 3D MEA with a distance of 100 /spl mu/m between each other for further bio-neural signals was demonstrated, and a test on rabbit retina was also available. Besides, integrating pre-amplifier and built-in resistors with 3D MEA was brought out to hopefully increase the efficiency of sensing.