gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-36α axis is modulated in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (2015)

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the interleukin (IL)-36 axis in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Blood and minor labial salivary glands (MSG) biopsies were obtained from 35 pSS and 20 non-Sjögren's syndrome patients (nSS) patients. Serum IL-36α was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IL-36α, IL-36R, IL-36RA, IL-38, IL-22, IL-17, IL-23p19 and expression in MSGs was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and tissue IL-36α and IL-38 expression was also investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). αβ and γδ T cells and CD68(+) cells isolated from MSGs were also studied by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy analysis. IL-36α was over-expressed significantly in the serum and in the salivary glands of pSS. Salivary gland IL-36α expression was correlated with the expression levels of IL-17, IL-22 and IL-23p19. IL-38, that acts as inhibitor of IL-36α, was also up-regulated in pSS. αβ(+) CD3(+) T cells and CD68(+) cells were the major source of IL-36α in minor salivary glands of pSS. γδ T cells were not significantly expanded in the salivary glands of pSS but produced more IL-17, as their percentage correlated with the focus score. Higher expression of IL-36α and IL-36R was also demonstrated in γδ T cells isolated from pSS compared to controls. In this study we demonstrate that a significant increase in circulating and tissue levels of IL-36α occurs in pSS patients.
A Study of Mixture Formation and Combustion for Spray Guided DISI (2004)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A Spray Guided DISI (Direct Injection Spark Ignition) is being proposed as a next-generation DISI and is expected to reduce the fuel consumption and the emissions than a Wall Guided DISI that is currently in the mainstream. With the aim of developing a Spray Guided DISI, the evaluation technologies for the spray behavior and the combustion characteristics in a single cylinder transparent engine, the measurement technologies for the mixture formation by LIEF (Laser Induced Exciplex Fluorescence) method and using a Fast Response FID (Flame Ionization Detector), and the analysis technologies for the spray behavior and the mixture formation with CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) technology were established. Based on these evaluation techniques, the behavior of spray and mixture formation by a Swirl Injector and a Multi Hole Injector were evaluated.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">As a result, it was found that the characteristics of the Multi Hole Injector are suitable for the Spray Guided DISI because it is less affected by in-cylinder airflow since the spray penetration force is strong. Furthermore, since it was recognized that there was room for improvement in mixture formation in the Multi Hole Injector that was evaluated, improvement measures was examined and the Multi Hole Injector was improved. Then the spray and combustion behavior of the improved Multi Hole Injector was examined and the establishment of spray-guided combustion was confirmed.</div>
Novel Deep UV Photoresist Based on Thermal Cross-Linking and De-Cross-Linking of Cross-Linkable Photoacid Generator. (1998)

We have synthesized a series of thermally cross-linkable photoacid generators. Among them, we used bis(4-(2-(vinyloxy)ethoxy)benzene)-4-methoxybenzene sulfonium triflate and tris(4-(2-(vinyloxy)ethoxy)benzene) sulfonium triflate for two or three component photo-polymers, containing a phenolic binder polymer and a cross-linkable photoacid generator. On irradiation with deep UV, the photopolymer films had sensitivities of ca. 10-20 mJ/cm2. The films, especially composed of poly(p-hydroxystyrene-co-styrene), 2, 2-bis(4-(2-(vinyloxy)ethoxy)phenyl)propane, and a cross-linkable photoacid generator, showed the high resolution of 0.24μm L/S under KrF excimer laser stepper (NA 0.45).
Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation of 23Na in porous media containing NaCl solution (1973)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates and repetitive pulse steady-state magnetizations were measured in porous media containing solutions of NaCl in water. Longitudinal rates show a linear relationship with sample specific surface area, but transverse rates show more complicated behavior. These results are discussed in terms of diffusion and adsorption in the media. Experimental results for steady-state magnetizations achieved by repetitive pulsing are compared with theoretical calculations presented here. Theoretical expressions are also presented for use in optimizing fast repetitive pulse experiments.
DAWN: Dynamic Adversarial Watermarking of Neural Networks (2019)

Training machine learning (ML) models is expensive in terms of computational power, amounts of labeled data and human expertise. Thus, ML models constitute intellectual property (IP) and business value for their owners. Embedding digital watermarks during model training allows a model owner to later identify their models in case of theft or misuse. However, model functionality can also be stolen via model extraction, where an adversary trains a surrogate model using results returned from a prediction API of the original model. Recent work has shown that model extraction is a realistic threat. Existing watermarking schemes are ineffective against IP theft via model extraction since it is the adversary who trains the surrogate model. In this paper, we introduce DAWN (Dynamic Adversarial Watermarking of Neural Networks), the first approach to use watermarking to deter model extraction IP theft. Unlike prior watermarking schemes, DAWN does not impose changes to the training process but it operates at the prediction API of the protected model, by dynamically changing the responses for a small subset of queries (e.g., <0.5%) from API clients. This set is a watermark that will be embedded in case a client uses its queries to train a surrogate model. We show that DAWN is resilient against two state-of-the-art model extraction attacks, effectively watermarking all extracted surrogate models, allowing model owners to reliably demonstrate ownership (with confidence $>1- 2^{-64}$), incurring negligible loss of prediction accuracy (0.03-0.5%).
Susceptibility of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactic acid bacteria from the alcohol industry to several antimicrobial compounds (2001)

The antimicrobial effect of several products including commercial formulations currently used in sugar and alcohol factories was determined by adapted MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) test on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and on natural contaminants Lactobacillus fermentum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. The MIC test by macrodilution broth method was adapted by formulating of the culture medium with cane juice closely simulating industrial alcoholic fermentation must. Acid penicillin V (MIC 0.10-0.20 µg/ml) and clindamycin (MIC 0.05-0.40 µg/ml) were most effective against bacterial growth in 24 h. Among the chemicals, sulphite (MIC 10-40 µg/ml), nitrite (MIC <117 µg/ml) and copper sulphate (75-300 µg/ml) were the most effective. Zinc and manganese ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate and dimethyldithiocarbamate did not show good inhibitory effect on bacteria (MIC > 50 µg/ml). Methyldithiocarbamate was efficient only on L. fermentum (MIC 2.5 µg/ml) and S. cerevisiae (MIC 5.0 µg/ml). Thiocianate (MIC 1.2-5.0 µg/ml), bromophenate (MIC 9-18 µg/ml) and n- alkyldimethylbenzylammonium cloride (MIC 1-8 µg/ml) affected S. cerevisiae at similar inhibitory concentration for L. mesenteroides or L. fermentum. Formaldehyde was more effective on bacteria (MIC 11.5 - 23 µg/ml) in both pH (4.5 and 6.5) than yeast (MIC 46-92 µg/ml). Several tested formulated biocides seriously affect S. cerevisiae growth in the similar dosages of the bacterial inhibition, so these products should be avoided or used only in special conditions for the bacterium control of fermentation process. For this step, the control of these contaminants by antibiotics are more suitable and effective.
Camouflage Coatings: Reconfigurable Infrared Camouflage Coatings from a Cephalopod Protein (Adv. Mater. 39/2013) (2013)

Graphene-templated, camouflage coatings that possess several important advantages are demonstrated by Alon A. Gorodetsky and co-workers on page 5621. These coatings are inspired by the unique dynamic camouflage mechanisms or cephalopods. A squid's ability to control transmission and reflection of light can be applied to a substrate and made controllable. Such substrates are shown to be a home window that reflects long wave light (IR) and transmits short wave light. The thin film fabrication strategy is inexpensive, robust, and compatible with a wide range of substrates of arbitrary form factor.
Migration energy for the silicon self-interstitial (1999)

The generation of vacancy-related point defects in low dose 1.3 MeV proton irradiated high purity silicon has been investigated. The dose rate was varied to give a total dose of 5×109 cm−2 at irradiation temperatures from 70 to 295 K. The inverse dose rate effect, i.e., a decrease in the production of room temperature stable vacancy related defects for increasing dose rates, is also shown to be thermally activated and involve long range migration of the silicon self-interstitial. The inverse dose rate effect is utilized to obtain a value of 0.065±0.015 eV for the migration energy of the Si interstitial at room temperature and below. This is an experimental estimate of the interstitial migration energy and the low value suggests that ionization enhanced diffusion is important for the motion of Si interstitials.
A study of spinnability in the wet‐spinning of acrylic fibers (1968)

Abstract An extensive study of spinnability is presented for the formation of acrylic fibers by wet‐spinning. The system consisted of an acrylonitrile–vinyl acetate copolymer with dimethylacetamide as the solvent and water in most instances as the nonsolvent. The term spinnability is used here to denote the type of filament breakage that occurs in the spin bath near the spinnerette face as the withdrawal speed V 1 is increased to some critical value. This maximum speed V 1, m depends on essentially every spinning variable. Data are presented for a wide range of spinnerette hole diameters, flow rates per hole, coagulation rates, temperatures, and polymer concentration in the spinning solution. The freely extruded velocity of the filaments, V f , is also given over the same range of variables. The free velocity is much less than the average velocity because of the Barus effect. Some similarities are noted in the response of V 1, m and V f to certain variables. In fact, V 1, m seems to be determined by V f . Through this observation the influence of the Barus effect on spinnability is easily seen. Spinnability is discussed also in terms of coagulation rates. It is concluded that both rheological and coagulation phenomena are important in the breakage mechanism. These observations are probably applicable in part to other wet‐spinning systems.
Rowasa Suspension Enema (Mesalamine, USP) (1989)

Rowasa (mesalamine) rectal suspension enema, a new product by Reid-Rowell, represents a major breakthrough in the treatment of distal ulcerative colitis. It provides patients with an alternative therapy to the current oral and enema preparations. This treatment reduces the incidence of unwanted side effects and toxicity associated with oral therapy.
Epithelial transcytosis of monomeric IgA and IgG cross-linked through antigen to polymeric IgA. A role for monomeric antibodies in the mucosal immune system. (1994)

We recently demonstrated that the polymeric IgR (pIgR) mediates epithelial transcytosis of immune complexes (IC) containing dimeric IgA (dIgA). In vivo, this "excretory" pathway could allow direct elimination of IgA IC at the mucosal sites where they are likely to form. In contrast, IC containing only monomeric IgA (mIgA) were not transported, consistent with the specificity of pIgR for polymeric IgA. However, the potential exists in vivo that monomeric Ig like mIgA or IgG could become associated through binding to multivalent Ag with IC containing dIgA, and that such mixed IC could act as ligands for pIgR. In the present work, using Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells that express pIgR, we showed that 125I-labeled anti-DNP mIgA or IgG in the same IC with unlabeled dIgA antibody and DNP-BSA Ag was vectorially transported from the basolateral to the apical surface and then released. However, 125I-mIgA IC or 125I-IgG IC (without dIgA) and 125I-mIgA or 125I-IgG in the presence of dIgA antibody (but without Ag) were not transported, demonstrating the necessity for monomeric Ig to be in an IC with dIgA to be transported. Transcytosis of mixed mIgA/dIgA or IgG/dIgA IC was mediated by pIgR because no transport was observed in untransfected, wild-type Madin-Darby canine kidney cells lacking pIgR. The data demonstrate that mIgA and IgG can participate along with dIgA in the "excretory" pathway for local elimination of IgA IC, thus providing a means by which monomeric antibodies have the potential to participate in the mucosal immune system.
High Speed Generation of Maximal Length Sequences (1971)

The construction described in this note makes possible the generation of any given linear shift register sequence of maximal period p= 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> -1, at a rate k times faster than the shift pulse rate. The construction is valid for any positive integer k which is not a multiple of p and it employs at most k linear shift registers of degree n or less.
Separation of Ink Particles from Waste Paper by Fine-bubbles (2005)

This article describes the research leading to the development of a new process for flotation deinking of waste paper, including old newsprint (ONP), magazines, etc. The technique involves a simple reagent scheme (ammonium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate) that can be used at room temperature to generate fine bubbles at the ink/fiber/water interface that help in the ink particle detachment as well as in rendering ink particles hydrophobic. The reagents also act on desorbing organic species (oil) from oil-based ink, thereby stabilizing the bubbles. A self-aeration flotation machine could be used to enhance flotation kinetics. Experimental studies have been conducted to evaluate different operating conditions, including reagent dosage, flotation time, recycling flotation water, etc. The efficiency of the process is evaluated in terms of yield of clean pulp, brightness, and reagent consumption.
Knowledge is key to stress-corrosion battle (1986)

Of the various forms of corrosion encountered in plants, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is often the least understood by plant personnel. Understanding varies from disbelief that SCC can even occur, to fear that all equipment is cracking. For some mysterious reason, strong, tough, and normally dependable alloys develop cracks and fail. Lack of understanding of stress corrosion leads to the design of installations which are sure to fail. It allows plant procedures and practices to go unchecked, leading to cracking of equipment. It also leads to frustrating attempts to achieve satisfactory maintenance repair of cracks in vessels and piping. What is stress corrosion cracking. Why does it occur. What alloys are susceptible. Where might you expect it. What are solutions to the puzzle. This article is an overview of these issues.
Near-field optical response of a two-dimensional grating of gold nanoparticles (2001)

This article reports on the near-field optical response of a small square grating of gold nanoparticles tailored by electron-beam lithography. The investigation of the grating is aimed at a deepened understanding of electromagnetic interaction among particles due to scattered light fields. Therefore, a photon scanning tunneling microscope is applied to acquire near-field optical images. Two different incident wavelengths are used to characterize the intensity and the spatial localization of the electromagnetic near field both in and out of resonance for the excitation of particle plasmons. Furthermore, the near-field enhancement resulting from the plasmon excitation is evaluated.
AHRA survey. Survey on job content and salary: Part III. (1991)

Part III of the AHRA Statistical Resource Committee salary survey compares the AHRA data with other studies. Comparisons are also provided between AHRA data from 1984 to 1990, highlighting trends in salary and education level, annual increases, and job satisfaction.
PI Control, PI-Based State Space Control, and Model-Based Predictive Control for Drive Systems With Elastically Coupled Loads—A Comparative Study (2010)

Three different control methods for the speed control of drive systems with elastically coupled loads are presented and compared. In drive applications where the load is connected to the driving motor with a drive shaft that has a finite stiffness, unwanted mechanical dynamics can occur. These unwanted dynamics can stress both the mechanical and electrical drive components. Furthermore, the shaft torsion, if neglected in the control synthesis, can dramatically reduce the achievable control performance. To overcome these challenges, the design, analysis, and comparative study of three speed control methods for a drive system with resonant loads are carried out. The considered control methods are the following: a conventional proportional-integral (PI) control, a PI-based state space control, and a model-based predictive control. To ensure a suitable basis for their comparison, the three different speed control methods are designed with equal bandwidths and are verified with the same test setup. Furthermore, all speed control methods presented use only the drive-side speed measurement to control the drive speed.
Do Inhaled Carbon Nanoparticles Translocate Directly into the Circulation in Humans? (2005)

The majority of (99m)Tc-labeled carbon nanoparticles remain within the lung up to 6 h after inhalation. In contrast to previous published studies, thin-layer chromatography did not support the hypothesis that inhaled Technegas carbon nanoparticles pass directly from the lungs into the systemic circulation.
A New Method for Synthesis of 1<i>H</i>-Pyrazol-3(2<i>H</i>)-ones (1991)

A new preparative method is reported for the synthesis of 4,5-disubstituted 1,2-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-ones 5a-e,g-k from N,N′-diacyl-N,N′-dimethylhydrazines 1a-e,g,h,j,k. The method is based on the intramolecular formation of the 4,5-bond in the pyrazole molecule.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Past Developments, Present Status, and Future Trends (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Past Developments, Present Status, and Future TrendsPhyllis R. BrownCite this: Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 19, 995A–1008APublication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online30 May 2012Published inissue 1 October 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00218a721https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00218a721research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Selenium‐Based Click AdoMet Analogue for Versatile Substrate Labeling with Wild‐Type Protein Methyltransferases (2012)

Protein methylation is catalyzed by S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent protein methyltransferases (MTases), and this posttranslational modification serves diverse cellular functions. Some MTases seem to exhibit broad substrate specificities and comprehensive methods for target profiling are needed. Here we report the synthesis of a new AdoMet analogue for enzymatic transfer of a small propargyl group and labeling of modified proteins through copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). Replacement of sulfur by selenium strongly enhanced the stability of the progargylic cofactor, leading, in combination with better activation by the selenonium center, to higher enzymatic reactivity. A broad spectrum of wild-type protein MTases acting on lysine, arginine, and glutamine residues accept this cofactor and modified substrates can be efficiently labeled by CuAAC click chemistry.
A data-driven compressive sensing framework tailored for energy-efficient wearable sensing (2017)

Compressive sensing (CS) is a promising technology for realizing energy-efficient wireless sensors for long-term health monitoring. However, conventional model-driven CS frameworks suffer from limited compression ratio and reconstruction quality when dealing with physiological signals due to inaccurate models and the overlook of individual variability. In this paper, we propose a data-driven CS framework that can learn signal characteristics and personalized features from any individual recording of physiologic signals to enhance CS performance with a minimized number of measurements. Such improvements are accomplished by a co-training approach that optimizes the sensing matrix and the dictionary towards improved restricted isometry property and signal sparsity, respectively. Experimental results upon ECG signals show that the proposed method, at a compression ratio of 10×, successfully reduces the isometry constant of the trained sensing matrices by 86% against random matrices and improves the overall reconstructed signal-to-noise ratio by 15dB over conventional model-driven approaches.
A Mesogenic Triphenylene−Perylene−Triphenylene Triad (2011)

A straightforward synthesis of triphenylene-perylene-triphenylene triad structures has been achieved by using versatile triphenylene intermediates bearing a single oxyalkyl amine side chain. Among these, PBITP(10) showed a stable columnar mesophase implying favorably matched core-core separations in the structure. Importantly, the triad can be used as a vehicle for doping columnar triphenylene matrices with functional but incompatible perylene units and a mixture of hexahexyloxytriphenylene matrix doped with 0.1% PBITP(10) is homogeneous and liquid crystalline.