gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexibly Tethered Dinuclear Zinc Complexes: A Solution to the Entropy Problem in CO<sub>2</sub>/Epoxide Copolymerization Catalysis? (2013)

Working in zinc: Kinetic investigations of a new zinc catalyst (see scheme) for the copolymerization of CO2 and epoxides show a reversible shift in the rate-determining step from epoxide ring opening to CO2 insertion, depending on the applied pressure. This shift is attributed to the similarity of the activation barriers and explains the exceptionally high activities for the copolymerization.
Cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) as a synthetic receptor for electron-rich aromatic compounds: electrochemical and spectroscopic studies of neurotransmitter binding (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) as a synthetic receptor for electron-rich aromatic compounds: electrochemical and spectroscopic studies of neurotransmitter bindingAnna R. Bernardo, J. Fraser Stoddart, and Angel E. KaiferCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 26, 10624–10631Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00052a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00052a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1084Altmetric-Citations145LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Assessment of power consumption control strategy for battery management system using hardware-in-the-loop simulation (2008)

Based on a self-designed battery management system (BMS), four different working modes with different power consumption levels are set according to driving conditions of hybrid electric vehicle. A power consumption control strategy including the communication rules between vehicle management system (VMS) and battery management system (BMS) is created to make BMS switch reasonably and reliably among different working modes so as to realize as low power consumption as possible. Especially, to validate the feasibility, reliability and necessity of the strategy, hardware in the loop (HIL) simulation is introduced. Also some abnormal events are simulated or fabricated during HIL simulation process to test the performance of the control strategy. After the HIL simulation, the power consumption and whole work consumption integral of BMS is evaluated and assessed.
Computational Screening of Phthalate Monoesters for Binding to PPARγ (2006)

Phthalate esters are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that interact with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a family of nuclear receptors. Molecular docking and free energy calculations were performed in an effort to identify novel phthalate ligands of PPARgamma, a subtype expressed in a wide range of human tissues. The method was validated using several agonists and partial agonists of PPARgamma, whose binding orientations were correctly reproduced; however, reduced accuracy in docking was observed with ligands of increasing size and flexibility. Improved results were obtained by introduction of a more accurate scoring function based on the all-atom molecular mechanics potential CHARMM and a generalized Born/surface area solvation term ACE (analytical continuum electrostatics). Comparison of the lowest CHARMM/ACE energy of each phthalate vs the logarithm of the experimentally determined EC(50) value for PPARgamma trans-activation yielded a good correlation (R(2) = 0.82). Thus, we can reliably distinguish phthalates that bind and activate PPARgamma from those that do not, with the computational method predicting relative PPARgamma binding activities with some degree of accuracy. We have applied this method to screen a series of 73 mono-ortho-phthalate esters listed in the Available Chemicals Directory. Several putative PPARgamma binding phthalates were identified, including compounds that are known PPARgamma agonists. These findings support the use of computational methods to identify environmental chemicals that warrant further experimental evaluation for PPAR binding and trans-activation potential in cell-based models.
The Alleged Role of Nitroxyl in Certain Reactions of Aldehydes and Alkyl Halides<sup>1</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Alleged Role of Nitroxyl in Certain Reactions of Aldehydes and Alkyl Halides1Peter A. S. Smith and George E. HeinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 21, 5731–5740Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01506a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01506a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views610Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Trajectory Optimization and Guidance Law Development for National Aerospace Plane Applications (1988)

The problem of on-board trajectory optimization for an airbreathing, single-stage-to-orbit vehicle is examined. A simple model representative of the aerospace plane concept, including a dual-mode propulsion system composed of SCRAMJET and rocket engines, is presented. Consideration is restricted to hypersonic flight within the atmosphere. An energy state approximation is employed in a four-state model for flight of a point mass in a vertical plane. Trajectory constraints, including those of dynamic pressure and aerodynamic heating, are initially ignored. Singular perturbation methods are applied in solving the optimal control problem of minimum fuel climb. The resulting reduced solution for the energy state dynamics provides an optimal altitude profil1e dependent on energy level and control for rocket thrust. A boundary-layer analysis produces an approximate lift control solution in feedback form and accounts for altitude and flight path angle dynamics. The reduced solution optimal climb path is presented for the unconstrained case and the case for which a maximum dynamic pressure constraint is enforced.
Joint Power Allocation for Nonregenerative MIMO-OFDM Relay Links (2006)

We consider a two-hop MIMO-OFDM communication scheme with a source, a relay, and a destination. The relay is assumed to be nonregenerative (or amplify-and-forward (AF)). We assume channel state information at each transmitter. (CSIT), source and relay. We present a jointly optimized power allocation (PA) over the subchannels in space and frequency domain at source and relay with a joint transmit power constraint. The PA is based on a high SNR approximation of the SNR expression at the destination. In the low SNR regime, the performance is still very tight to the optimal rate. The presented PA can be computed with low computational complexity and achieves a considerable performance gain compared to a uniform PA at source and relay. To further enhance the performance of the considered scheme, all subchannels, in space and frequency domain, of the source to relay and relay to destination channel are paired according to their actual magnitude.
An improved algorithm for neural network classification of imbalanced training sets (1993)

The backpropagation algorithm converges very slowly for two-class problems in which most of the exemplars belong to one dominant class. An analysis shows that this occurs because the computed net error gradient vector is dominated by the bigger class so much that the net error for the exemplars in the smaller class increases significantly in the initial iteration. The subsequent rate of convergence of the net error is very low. A modified technique for calculating a direction in weight-space which decreases the error for each class is presented. Using this algorithm, the rate of learning for two-class classification problems is accelerated by an order of magnitude.
Antibiotics in acrylic bone cement. <i>In vitro</i> studies (1978)

The effect of combining gentamicin and cephalothin with Surgical Simplex bone cement was tested in vitro. Experiments were designed to determine (1) quantitative elution rates and period of time the antibiotics were eluted and (2) effective bactericidal qualities. Both antibiotics were eluted from polymerized acrylic cement in large quantities within 24--48 hr after coming in contact with fluid and continued to be released in smaller amounts for 21 days to more than 175 days. This varied with the antibiotic, concentration of antibiotic in the cement, surface area of cement, and volume of elution fluid. Quantitative determinations of numbers of bacteria in broth cultures demonstrated that sufficient quantities of antibiotics were released to be bactericidal to microorganisms within 45 min to 20 hr. This was dependent on the type of antibiotic, type of bacteria, concentration of antibiotic in the cement, and time of contact.
<i>In vivo</i> biocompatibility studies. V. <i>In vivo</i> leukocyte interactions with biomer (1984)

A cage implant system was utilized to quantitatively and qualitatively characterize in vivo leukocyte interactions with cast Biomer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in conjunction with cytochemical staining procedures were used to investigate the cellular events at the leukocyte/Biomer interface as well as in the inflammatory exudate over a 21-day implantation period. SEM was used to characterize leukocyte morphology on the Biomer surface and the cytochemical stains were used to differentially count leukocytes and to demonstrate intracellular alkaline and acid phosphatase activity. The results showed that the population density of leukocytes on the Biomer surface diminished with implantation time. The population density of multinucleated foreign body giant cells remained constant with time, while the numbers of nuclei per giant cell increased. The differential analysis revealed that macrophages preferentially adhered to the Biomer surface compared to other leukocytes in the exudate. The phagocytic capability of all adherent leukocytes, including giant cells, decreased with time and this corresponded to changes in leukocyte morphology observed with SEM.
Potent Estrogenic Agonists Bearing Dicarba-<i>c</i><i>loso</i>-dodecaborane as a Hydrophobic Pharmacophore (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTPotent Estrogenic Agonists Bearing Dicarba-closo-dodecaborane as a Hydrophobic PharmacophoreYasuyuki Endo, Toru Iijima, Yuko Yamakoshi, Mitsuhiro Yamaguchi, Hiroshi Fukasawa, and Koichi ShudoView Author Information Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 9, 1501–1504Publication Date (Web):April 17, 1999Publication History Received11 February 1999Published online17 April 1999Published inissue 1 May 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm9900725https://doi.org/10.1021/jm9900725rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views591Altmetric-Citations127LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Assays,Hydrophobicity,Molecules,Receptors Get e-Alerts
Lessons in Electric Circuits Volume II - AC (2007)

This resource is one in a series of six online textbooks on the subjects of electricity and electronics.Â Select the Master Index link to view the other textbooks in the Lessons in Electric Circuits series. This book includes the following sections: Chapter 1: Basic AC Theory, Chapter 2: Complex Numbers, Chapter 3: Reactance and Impedance -- Inductive, Chapter 4: Reactance and Impedance -- Capacitive, Chapter 5:Â Reactance and Impedance -- R.L. and C, Chapter 6: Resonance, Chapter 7: Mixed-Frequency AC Signals, Chapter 8: Transformers, Chapter 10: PolyphaseÂ AC Circuits, Chapter 11: Power Factor, Chapter 12: AC Metering Circuits, Chapter 13: AC Motors, Chapter 14: Transmission Lines, Appendix 1: About This Book, Appendix 2: Contributor List, and Appendix 3: Design Science License.Â
A highly selective turn-on fluorescent probe for iron(ii) to visualize labile iron in living cells (2012)

Although labile iron plays critical roles in diverse biological processes in living cells, the physiological and pathophysiological functions of iron have not been sufficiently explored, partially due to a lack of methods for visualizing intracellular labile iron. In this edge article, we present a novel turn-on fluorescent probe (RhoNox-1) for the selective detection of Fe2+ based on N-oxide chemistry. Spectroscopic studies combined with DFT calculations and electrochemical studies revealed that fluorescence quenching of RhoNox-1 occurred in physiological conditions, which was attributed to non-radiative deactivation of the excited state of tertiary amine N-oxide substituted xanthene involving a twisted internal charge transfer (TICT) process and partially due to photo-induced electron transfer (PET) from the N-oxide group. RhoNox-1 showed significant enhancement of the fluorescence signal in Fe2+-loaded cells via selective Fe2+-mediated deoxygenation of the N-oxide group and also successfully detected basal and endogenous labile Fe2+ in living cells.
A CMOS analog front-end circuit for an FDM-based ADSL system (1995)

A CMOS analog front-end circuit for an FDM-based ADSL system is presented. The circuit contains all analog functions including AGC amplifiers, continuous-time band pass filters, /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ AD/DA converters, and digital decimation and interpolation filters. On-chip automatic tuning of the bandpass filters provides more than 300% center frequency range with 1% frequency accuracy. The higher-order /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ AD/DA converters achieve 12-b data conversion at 1.54 Msamples/s with an oversampling ratio of only 32. The 0.7 /spl mu/m CMOS circuit measures 65 mm/sup 2/ and consumes 1.9 W from a single 5 V power supply.
Recent Trends in Gas-barrier Films and PET Bottles (2004)

Gas-barrier property is a most important factor for food packaging. Now polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) resins are still in wide use as gas-barrier films. However, PVDC resins as packaging materials have been declining in face of various environmental problems they pose. Under these circumstances, ethylene vinyl alcohol co-polymer (EVOH) films, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) -coated polypropylene films, MXD6 nylon resins, and silica-or alumina-coated PET films are becoming the mainstream for gas-barrier purposes.Recently, various types of oxygen scavengers have been developed and applied as active packaging materials. PET bottles having oxygen barrier or scavenging properties are now used for plastic beer bottles in Europe and United States. EVOH and MXD6 nylon are used as the oxygen barrier materials. As the oxygen scavenging materials, the blend of MXD6 nylon and cobalt salt are used for PET bottles.In Japan, oxygen scavenging PET bottles are used for plastic tea bottles.
Periodic resonators for average-power scaling of stable-resonator solid-state lasers (1988)

Thermal lensing of solid-state laser gain media causes the resonator-mode parameters to vary with pump power. For a single-rod laser system, this effect limits the output-power range for stable laser operation. For multirod laser systems, the power range for stable operation can be increased beyond the limit of single-rod resonators by placing the rods in a periodic resonator structure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Characterization of wavefront aberration in laser beam propagating over saline water and sands (2013)

Wireless laser communication is a promising method for communication between islands or terminals over sea. However, the wavefront as well as the intensity of the laser beam are severely influenced by the atmospheric turbulence, which degrades the reliability and performance of the communication system. In this paper, we focus on characterization of wavefront aberration in laser beam propagating over saline water and sands. Both the spatial and temporal characteristics of the wavefront aberration in the laser beam have been investigated by experiments. Results show that the laser beam suffers stronger wavefront aberration when propagating over sands than saline water under the same heating condition.
High Q Silicon Nitride Photonic Cavities (2009)

We demonstrate high confinement, low loss silicon nitride ring resonators with intrinsic Q of 4,000,000 in the telecommunication C-band. We measure the scattering and absorption losses to be below .08dB/cm and .02dB/cm, respectively.
Isolation and Characterization of a Regulatory Mutant of an Aminoacyl-Transfer Ribonucleic Acid Synthetase in <i>Escherichia coli</i> K-12 (1973)

From Escherichia coli strain K28, which is temperature sensitive for growth because of a mutation in its seryl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase gene (serS), temperature-resistant mutants were selected which were found to have a fivefold higher level of seryl-tRNA synthetase than the parent strain. The "high-level" character was found to be genetically stable and is due to a mutation in a locus denoted serO. This locus was found to be very closely linked to serS on the genetic map, and the relative gene order was concluded to be serS-serO-serC. In a serO(-) strain, the normal dependence of seryl-tRNA synthetase (SerRS) activity on changes of exogenous serine concentration was not observed. In a stable heterozygous merodiploid, the serO(-) mutation is still expressed, i.e., it is cis dominant. These results strongly suggest that serO is an operator site involved in the control of the serS gene.
Morphotropic phase boundary and piezoelectric properties of (Bi1∕2Na1∕2)TiO3–(Bi1∕2K1∕2)TiO3–KNbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (2007)

The crystal structure and piezoelectric properties of ternary ceramics x(Bi1∕2Na1∕2)TiO3–y(Bi1∕2K1∕2)TiO3–zKNbO3 (abbreviated as BNT-BKT-KN100x∕100y∕100z) system have been investigated. Effects of BKT and KN on the crystalline structure were examined. The morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) phase diagram of BNT-BKT-KN ternary system was determined by x-ray diffraction patterns from sintered specimens. Near the MPB, BNT-BKT-KN82∕16∕2 ceramics had good performances with piezoelectric constant d33=215pC∕N which reached a maximum value in this ternary system and planar electromechanical coupling factor kp=35%. Besides, BNT-BKT-KN87∕10∕3 ceramics had good performances with piezoelectric constant d33=138pC∕N and electromechanical coupling factor kp=38% which attained a maximum value in this ternary system.
Shape matching using curvature processes (2003)

The problem of matching two smooth closed contours which are related by deformations that alter their curvature structure is discussed. Deformations typically include protrusions, a result of internal resistance, and indentations, a result of squashing. The author's algorithm establishes correspondences between segments that have not drastically deformed (in the sense of introducing or eliminating protrusions and indentations), and recovers productions that explain how the remaining segments have deformed. Criteria involving metric information, such as the correlation between extended circular images of segments of constant curvature sign, are imposed to select the preferred interpretation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Creation of a Cellooligosaccharide-Assimilating Escherichia coli Strain by Displaying Active Beta-Glucosidase on the Cell Surface via a Novel Anchor Protein (2011)

We demonstrated direct assimilation of cellooligosaccharide using Escherichia coli displaying beta-glucosidase (BGL). BGL from Thermobifida fusca YX (Tfu0937) was displayed on the E. coli cell surface using a novel anchor protein named Blc. This strain was grown successfully on 0.2% cellobiose, and the optical density at 600 nm (OD(600)) was 1.05 after 20 h.