gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation and anodic peak potentials of salts of coordination compounds derived from boric acid and polyhydric phenols (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and anodic peak potentials of salts of coordination compounds derived from boric acid and polyhydric phenolsManuel Finkelstein, Edward A. Mayeda, and Sidney D. RossCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 6, 804–805Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00894a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00894a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views285Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efecto de diferentes proporciones de recursos fibrosos tratados y sin tratar con urea sobre la producción de gas y degradabilidad in vitro (2013)

Para evaluar el efecto de diferentes proporciones de recursos fibrosos amonificados con urea, sobre la degradabilidad aparente y produccion in vitro de gas, se seleccionaron dos subproductos del maiz (tusa y bracteas) y heno de pasto estrella ( Cynodon nlemfuensis ) cosechado a 30 d (heno-30) y 90 d (heno-90), a los que se trato con 4,5% de urea en base seca. Luego de 21 d de conservacion, para cada recurso fueron incubadas in vitro mezclas de material tratado y sin tratar (0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 y 100:0), determinando la produccion in vitro de gas a las 3, 6, 9, 12, 16, 20, 24, 30, 36, 48, 60, 72 y 96 h, y la degradabilidad de la materia seca y pared celular a las 24 y 48 h. Comparado con el material sin tratar, y luego de 24 h de incubacion, la amonificacion 100:0 de tusa, bracteas y heno-90 genero un aumento (P 0,05) a la de 100:0. Independientemente del recurso evaluado, no se observaron diferencias (P>0,05) respecto a 100:0 en la degradabilidad in vitro de la materia seca a las 24 h a partir de 50:50, y en la FDN a las 48 h a partir del tratamiento 25:75. El presente estudio demuestra los efectos positivos de las mezclas de material tratado y no tratado con urea sobre la produccion de gas in vitro y la degradabilidad de la materia seca y pared celular
Cold Adaptation in the Antarctic Archaeon <i>Methanococcoides burtonii</i> Involves Membrane Lipid Unsaturation (2004)

Direct analysis of membrane lipids by liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry was used to demonstrate the role of unsaturation in ether lipids in the adaptation of Methanococcoides burtonii to low temperature. A proteomics approach using two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify enzymes involved in lipid biosynthesis, and a pathway for lipid biosynthesis was reconstructed from the M. burtonii draft genome sequence. The major phospholipids were archaeol phosphatidylglycerol, archaeol phosphatidylinositol, hydroxyarchaeol phosphatidylglycerol, and hydroxyarchaeol phosphatidylinositol. All phospholipid classes contained a series of unsaturated analogues, with the degree of unsaturation dependent on phospholipid class. The proportion of unsaturated lipids from cells grown at 4 degrees C was significantly higher than for cells grown at 23 degrees C. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase, farnesyl diphosphate synthase, and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase were identified in the expressed proteome, and most genes involved in the mevalonate pathway and processes leading to the formation of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylglycerol were identified in the genome sequence. In addition, M. burtonii encodes CDP-inositol and CDP-glycerol transferases and a number of homologs of the plant geranylgeranyl reductase. It therefore appears that the unsaturation of lipids may be due to incomplete reduction of an archaeol precursor rather than to a desaturase mechanism. This study shows that cold adaptation in M. burtonii involves specific changes in membrane lipid unsaturation. It also demonstrates that global methods of analysis for lipids and proteomics linked to a draft genome sequence can be effectively combined to infer specific mechanisms of key biological processes.
Sexual Harassment of Health Education Faculty by Co-Worker(s): Implications for the Profession (1996)

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the nature and prevalence of sexual harassment of health education faculty by co-worker(s) in U.S. colleges and universities. Their perceptions of, and attitudes toward, sexual harassment were examined. A 90-item questionnaire was mailed to a stratified random sample, including 239 full-time faculty involved in programs with undergraduate and graduate health education programs listed in the 1992 ESG Directory. Results indicated that nearly 90 percent of the respondents experienced sexual harassment behaviors. Gender harassment behaviors were reported most frequently, followed by unwanted sexual attention, and sexual coercion and attempted sexual assault. More males than females failed to recognize/label these behaviors as sexual harassment (p<.05). Most of the co-workers engaging in the behaviors were of the opposite gender (90 percent). For females, 66 percent of the incidents reported were by a co-worker of a higher rankthan the respondent, while for males, 75 percent of the incidents reported were by a co-worker of the same rank as the respondent. Female faculty were less tolerant of sexual harassment than were male faculty. It is recommended that sexual harassment prevention and training programs be implemented for health educators to enrich their knowledge and encourage utilization of the existing policies and procedures.
Modelling electropherogram data for DNA sequencing using variable dimension MCMC (2002)

DNA sequencing may be considered as a two stage process: the generation of noisy data indicative of DNA sequence by using advanced chemical techniques; and the interpretation of that data. We present an algorithm for interpretation, or "base calling", which accurately models the underlying process, and is able to incorporate most of the prior information we possess in a mathematically tractable and minimally ad-hoc manner. Our algorithm is framed within a fully Bayesian probabilistic framework, thereby allowing representation of the random nature of the generative process, using a Reversible Jump Metropolis Hastings algorithm (1970) and the Gibbs sampler to traverse the variable dimension parameter space. The techniques used to construct our algorithm are feasible for use in such applications, due to their inherent computational requirements.
Protein metabolism during infancy (1994)

This volume reviews recent studies on protein metabolism during infancy and presents authoritative guidelines on optimal protein intake for infants. The findings and recommendations presented are of crucial importance in view of current concerns about meeting the special nutritional needs of premature and sick infants. Coverage begins with studies on the biochemistry and physiology of protein metabolism, the interrelations between protein and energy metabolism, and the digestibility and absorption of protein in infants. The contributors then assess current international recommendations on protein intakes during infancy and discuss concerns regarding the quantity and quality of protein available in human milk and formula. Chapters examine the protein content of human colostrum and mature human milk and the amino acid patterns of protein in human milk and formula
Validity of the Modulation Transfer Function of Radiographic Screen-Film Systems Measured by the Slit Method (1968)

At present, the line spread-function (LSF) and modulation transfer function (MTF) of radiographic screen-film systems containing double-coated film are often determined from slit exposures. The measurement procedure involves conversion of the density distribution in the slit image to the corresponding effective illuminance distribution in the film sandwich by means of large-area sensitometry of the film as a whole. The validity of this procedure has been questioned in the literature.
Serum factors and v-src control two complementary mitogenic pathways in quail neuroretinal cells in culture. (1993)

Quail neuroretinal cells (QNR cells) from 7-day-old embryos do not proliferate even in the presence of 8% fetal calf serum. After infection by the Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) they proliferate actively and exhibit a transformed phenotype; this effect is mediated by the oncoprotein pp60v-src. Secondary cultures infected by the thermosensitive strain tsNY68 of RSV are blocked in G0 either by thermal inactivation of pp60v-src at 41.5 degrees C or by serum deprivation at the permissive temperature (36.5 degrees C). Cell division is reinduced either by pp60v-src thermal renaturation or by subsequent serum addition. Our results indicate that v-src and serum control two synergic pathways leading to G0/G1 transition in QNR cells. In order to characterize genes related to the mitogenic and transforming effects of v-src in nerve cells, we have constructed a cDNA library from QNR cells transformed by tsNY68. We report the properties of five molecular clones isolated by differential screening of this library. Unlike immediate-early genes like c-fos, they are induced in mid and late G1. Four of them correspond to unknown mRNAs and the last one codes for nucleolin. This set of v-src-regulated genes is likely to code for functions deficient in terminally differentiated QNR cells and necessary for the progression in G1.
10.1109/APCIP.2009.30 (2000)

Many scholars would agree that, had it not been for the evaluation of gigabit switches, the analysis of massive multiplayer online role-playing games might never have occurred. In fact, few experts would disagree with the intuitive unification of superblocks and the location-identity split, which embodies the confirmed principles of robotics. We construct new heterogeneous communication (BACK), which we use to verify that red-black trees and the location-identity split are rarely incompatible.
Single-Crystalline Branched Zinc Phosphide Nanostructures:  Synthesis, Properties, and Optoelectronic Devices (2006)

Hierarchical tree-shaped nanostructures, nanobelts, and nanowires of Zn3P2 were synthesized in a thermal assisted laser ablation process. All nanostructures are tetragonal phased Zn3P2 with excellent crystallinity and are free from an oxidization layer according to electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. Optical measurement revealed a strong absorption from the ultraviolet to near-infrared regions. Optoelectronic devices fabricated using individual nanowires demonstrate a high sensitivity and rapid response to impinging light. A crossed heterojunction of an n-type ZnO nanowire and a p-type Zn3P2 nanowire has been characterized, and it offers a great potential for a high efficient spatial resolved photon detector.
The Development of Chiral, Nonracemic Dioxiranes for the Catalytic, Enantioselective Epoxidation of Alkenes (1999)

The catalytic, enantioselective epoxidation of unfunctionalized alkenes is a long-standing objective in organic synthesis. With the advent of dioxiranes as powerful oxygen atom transfer reagents that operate under neutral conditions, much attention has been directed to the development of chiral ketone precursors that can catalytically, differentiate the enantiotopic faces of simple alkenes. Advances in the design of various catalyst structures and the understanding of factors that influence high catalytic activity and stereoselectivity are presented.
Relevance of Amadori and Maillard Products to Seed Deterioration (1991)

The possible role of Amadori and Maillard reactions in the deterioration of dry seeds was investigated using model systems and whole soybean seeds, Glycine max cv Hodgson. In model systems of glucose plus an enzyme (lysozyme), the production of Amadori products was accelerated by higher temperature and relative humidity. The reaction between glucose and lysozyme at 50 degrees C, 75% relative humidity, leads to a progressive decline in enzymatic activity. During accelerated aging of soybean seeds (40 degrees C, 100% relative humidity), a sequence is observed in which the Amadori products increase with time and then decline under conditions in which the Maillard products increase in the axes. Loss of germinability occurs at the time when the Maillard products increase in the soybean axes. These results are suggestive of a role for nonenzymic glycation in soybean seed deterioration during accelerated aging.
Improved 1 V and 10 V Josephson voltage standard arrays (1997)

1 V and 10 V Josephson voltage standard arrays are fabricated on the basis of an improved design, using a modified technology. The Nb/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3//Nb trilayer is deposited directly on the Si wafer. The edges of the base electrodes are insulated by an anodization process. The maximum step voltage increases linearly with the external microwave voltage. Switching between different voltage levels is possible by simple switching of the dc voltage bias. A laboratory-made, oversized circular waveguide reduces the attenuation of the experimental set-up.
개정 형사소송법상의 참고인 진술의 증거능력- 참고인진술조서 및 진술서를 중심으로- (2009)

2008. 1. 1부터 시행 중인 개정 형사소송법은 공판중심주의적 법정심리절차의 강화와 더불어 증거법 체계의 정비 등 상당한 발전이 있었던 것으로 평가된다. 그러나 증거능력 관련 규정의 개정에도 불구하고, 수사기관 작성의 조서나 진술서, 진술 장면을 녹화한 영상녹화물의 증거능력 등에 관한 논란이 끊이질 않고, 이에 따라 공판과 수사 실무의 운용에도 혼선이 야기되고 있다. 이 글은 참고인진술조서 등 참고인의 진술이 기재된 서류들을 위주로 개정 형사소송법에서의 각종 전문서류의 증거능력을 검토한다. 실체적 진실발견을 위해서는 참고인진술의 증거로서의 가치가 피의자의 진술에 못지않게 중요할 뿐 아니라, 전문서류의 증거능력에 대한 논의는 피의자나 참고인의 진술을 함께 검토함으로써 올바른 기준과 방향을 정할 수 있다고 보기 때문이다. 먼저, 형사소송법에 규정된 참고인과 참고인조사의 의의와 구체적인 절차를 검토하고, 나아가 참고인의 진술이 수사절차에서 확보되는 다양한 형태-진술조서, 진술서, 영상녹화물 등-에 따라 그 절차와 문제점을 살펴 본 후, 이와 같은 각종 진술기록물에 담겨진 참고인의 진술이 개정 형사소송법 상 어떤 요건 아래 증거능력을 인정받을 수 있는지에 관한 해석론과 더불어 바람직한 입법론을 제시하여 보고자 한다.
Piezoelectric Sensor for Human Pulse Detection (2007)

Diagnosis according to Ayurveda is to find the root cause of a disease. Out of eight differentkinds of examinations, nadi-pariksha is very important. By checking the pulse, the Ayurvedicphysician finds the predominant dosha out of the three - vata, pitta and kapha. Nadi-parikshais done at the root of the thumb by examining the radial artery. Presently, this technique issubjective and the accuracy of the diagnosis depends upon the expertise of the Ayurvedicphysician. As a first step towards making the diagnosis by nadi-pariksha objective, humanpulse detection and processing system has been developed.Piezoelectric sensor was used for human pulse detection. The pulse signals obtained fromthe piezoelectric sensor were processed through signal processing circuitry. The signal provessingcircuit consists of signal amplifier, filters, and noise-reduction circuit. The signal processingcircuit has been designed, built, and tested. The performance of the developed system wasevaluated by recording the pulses of people (subject) having different doshas. Pulse shapes,repetition  rate, amplitude were found to be different for people having different doshas.Performance of the signal processing circuit and the pulse waveforms obtained have beenpresented and analysed.
Corn Disease Identification from Leaf Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks (2017)

Plant diseases are one of the major factors that can negatively impact crop yields. Therefore, we want to create an automated system that can identify plant diseases as easily as possible. Our research goal is to help crop growers who might not be experts in plant pathology be able to identify diseases as soon as they occur in order to minimize the spread of disease and the damage to the crops. We propose a very light-weight convolutional neural network architecture that is trained to classify images of corn leaves into one of the four categories: common rust disease, northern leaf blight disease, gray leaf spot disease, or healthy. The dataset used is the PlantVillage dataset taken from plantvillage.org. The dataset consists of 8506 images of corn leaves from 4 categories. We evaluated our model using 5-fold cross-validation, and we achieves an accuracy of 97.09 % on average. The result of our model is slightly worse than the performance of other well-known CNNs architectures, but the complexity of our architecture is much lower, making it more suitable for real-time inferences on resource-constrained devices such as smartphones.
C-Terminal Signal Sequence Promotes Virulence Factor Secretion in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (2006)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis uses the ESX-1/Snm system [early secreted antigen 6 kilodaltons (ESAT-6) system 1/secretion in mycobacteria] to deliver virulence factors into host macrophages during infection. Despite its essential role in virulence, the mechanism of ESX-1 secretion is unclear. We found that the unstructured C terminus of the CFP-10 substrate was recognized by Rv3871, a cytosolic component of the ESX-1 system that itself interacts with the membrane protein Rv3870. Point mutations in the signal that abolished binding of CFP-10 to Rv3871 prevented secretion of the CFP-10 (culture filtrate protein, 10 kilodaltons)/ESAT-6 virulence factor complex. Attachment of the signal to yeast ubiquitin was sufficient for secretion from M. tuberculosis cells, demonstrating that this ESX-1 signal is portable.
Sequential treatment with 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine and deacetylase inhibitors reactivates <scp>HIV</scp> ‐1 (2015)

Reactivation of HIV gene expression in latently infected cells together with an efficient cART has been proposed as an adjuvant therapy aimed at eliminating/decreasing the reservoir size. Results from HIV clinical trials using deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) question the efficiency of these latency-reversing agents (LRAs) used alone and underline the need to evaluate other LRAs in combination with HDACIs. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of a demethylating agent (5-AzadC) in combination with clinically tolerable HDACIs in reactivating HIV-1 from latency first in vitro and next ex vivo. We showed that a sequential treatment with 5-AzadC and HDACIs was more effective than the corresponding simultaneous treatment both in vitro and ex vivo. Interestingly, only two of the sequential LRA combinatory treatments tested induced HIV-1 particle recovery in a higher manner than the drugs alone ex vivo and at concentrations lower than the human tolerable plasmatic concentrations. Taken together, our data reveal the benefit of using combinations of 5-AzadC with an HDACI and, for the first time, the importance of treatment time schedule for LRA combinations in order to reactivate HIV.
Jews and Non‐Jews: Paul's Ethnic Map (2007)

Abstract Pauline scholarship has typically downplayed Paul's ethnic language, masked it as something else, or juxtaposed ethnic particularity with a universal faith in Christ. This chapter offers an examination of Paul's “us/them” language and shows how ethnicity, far from being invisible or irrelevant in Paul's thinking, organizes his religious categories. Paul employs oppositional ethnic construction (a phrase borrowed from Jonathan Hall) to contrast the plight of the gentiles (before Christ) with the Jews. This juxtaposition highlights the primary problem he seeks to address: gentile alienation from the God of Israel. The chapter concludes with a survey of Paul's ethnic terminology, which is often presented in the form of oppositional pairs: Jew/gentile, Jew/Greek, circumcised/foreskinned, etc. These pairings highlight the “otherness” of non-Jews on Paul's ethnic map.
Regulation of human and mouse procathepsin E gene expression (2001)

Cathepsin E is an intracellular aspartic proteinase that is considered to have a number of physiological roles including antigen processing. Quantitation of procathepsin E mRNA by LightCyclertrade mark technology indicated that the gene was transcribed in lung but not in kidney of both human and mouse origin. In contrast, the transcript was present in mouse spleen and alveolar macrophages but not in the counterpart tissue/cells from humans. Regulation of human and mouse procathepsin E gene expression was shown not to be influenced by the extent of CpG methylation but depended on the recognition of potential binding motifs in each promoter region by transcription factors such as GATA1, PU1 and YY1, as revealed by functional analysis using a series of promoter/luciferase reporter gene fusion constructs. Thus the extent to which the procathepsin E gene is expressed in a particular cell type may depend on the balance between the effects produced by positive-acting, cell-specific transcription factors such as GATA1 and PU1 and the negative influence of the ubiquitous YY1 factor. In this way, the relative abundance and influence of general and cell-specific transcription factors can govern the production of cathepsin E and thereby account for the sporadic cell and tissue distribution of this enzyme in different species.
Mechanisms of Pathogenesis in Tuberculosis (2014)

In the 1890s, Robert Koch observed that a primary infection of guinea pigs with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the skin produced a nonhealing lesion and that reinoculation of the animals after several weeks produced only a firm, red nodule that necrosed and finally healed. These observations first suggested the existence of immunity to tuberculosis infection. While T-cell-derived lymphokines and the activated macrophage represent a necessary condition for protection, it is certainly not the whole story even in the mouse. A large proportion of human peripheral blood γδ T cells, even from PPD-negative donors, will proliferate in response to mycobacteria. Recent experiments involving M. tuberculosis infection of transgenic mice are providing new and interesting information on the role of some lymphokines and cytokines. In many chronic infections or inflammatory diseases, there is a permanent or transient switch from a Th1 pattern of response to Th2. Such a switch appears to occur, for example, in schistosomiasis and syphilis patients. The tissue-damaging responses are evoked by tuberculin, which is a very crude culture supernatant from old autolysing bacterial cultures precipitated by trichloroacetic acid or ammonium sulfate. Such supernatants contain fragments of essentially all the antigens of M. tuberculosis. The known capacity of mycobacterium containing adjuvants (Freund's complete adjuvant) to facilitate experimental induction of autoimmunity and evidence that mycobacterial disease can be accompanied by a sterile arthropathy have reawakened speculation that some autoimmune syndromes may be cryptic infections or may be triggered by past encounters with mycobacterium-like organisms.