gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Regulation of Tat Activity Is Essential for Efficient Reverse Transcription and Replication (2003)

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat protein enhances reverse transcription, but it is not known whether Tat acts directly on the reverse transcription complex or through indirect mechanisms. Since processing of Tat by HIV protease (PR) might mask its presence and, at least in part, explain this lack of data, we asked whether Tat can be cleaved by PR. We used a rabbit reticulocyte lysate (RRL) system to make Tat and PR. HIV-1 PR is expressed as a Gag-Pol fusion protein, and a PR-inactivated Gag-Pol is also expressed as a control. We showed that Tat is specifically cleaved in the presence of PR, producing a protein of approximately 5 kDa. This result suggested that the cleavage site was located in or near the Tat basic domain (amino acids 49 to 57), which we have previously shown to be important in reverse transcription. We created a panel of alanine-scanning mutations from amino acids 45 to 54 in Tat and evaluated functional parameters, including transactivation, reverse transcription, and cleavage by HIV-1 PR. We showed that amino acids 49 to 52 (RKKR) are absolutely required for Tat function in reverse transcription, that mutation of this domain blocks cleavage by HIV-1 PR, and that other pairwise mutations in this region modulate reverse transcription and proteolysis in strikingly similar degrees. Mutation of Tat Y47G48 to AA also down-regulated Tat-stimulated reverse transcription but had little effect on transactivation or proteolysis by HIV PR, suggesting that Y47 is critical for reverse transcription. We altered the tat gene of the laboratory strain NL4-3 to Y47D and Y47N so that overlapping reading frames were not affected and showed that Y47D greatly diminished virus replication and conveyed a reverse transcription defect. We hypothesize that a novel, cleaved form of Tat is present in the virion and that it requires Y47 for its role in support of efficient reverse transcription.
Characterization of a Double Homeodomain Protein (DUX1) Encoded by a cDNA Homologous to 3.3 Kb Dispersed Repeated Elements (1998)

Target genes for the helicase-like transcription factor (HLTF), a member of the SNF/SWI family, were immunoprecipitated from HeLa chromatin fragments with an anti-HLTF antibody. A 182 bp fragment ( HEFT1 ) presented 87% sequence identity with 3.3 kb dispersed repeats from the 4q35 D4Z4 locus linked to facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). The HEFT1 loci were, however, not genetically linked to FSHD. Transfection and in vitro binding studies identified within HEFT1 a promoter whose basal activity required a GC box activated by Sp1 or Sp3. A 4.4 kb homologous transcript was found mostly in human skeletal muscle and heart. A 1.2 kb cDNA fragment was cloned that encoded a 170 amino acid protein (DUX1) with two paired-type homeodomains. In vitro translated DUX1 specifically interacted in electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) with a P5 oligonucleotide (5'-GATCTGAGTCTAATTGAGAATTACTGTAC-3'). DUX1 co-expression activated up to 5-fold transient expression in insect cells of a minimal promoter-luciferase construct fused to P5. The presence of 20 kDa DUX1 in vivo in rhabdomyosarcoma TE671 cell extracts was shown by western blotting with a rabbit antiserum raised against a DUX1 peptide. This antiserum suppressed a TE671 protein-P5 complex in EMSA with identical migration as the in vitro translated DUX1-P5 complex. Genomic PCR experiments could not identify a gene fragment linking the HEFT1 and DUX1 sequences, which present one mismatch in their overlapping region. However, a similar gene was found in another 3.3 kb element comprising the HEFT1 promoter and a DUX1 -like open reading frame. In addition, homologous gene sequences were identified in 3.3 kb elements of the D4Z4/FSHD locus, considered until now 'junk' DNA.
Different Doses of Adenoviral Vector Expressing IL-12 Enhance or Depress the Immune Response to a Coadministered Antigen: the Role of Nitric Oxide (1999)

Joint immunization with two recombinant adenoviruses, one expressing hepatitis C virus (HCV) core and E1 proteins and another expressing IL-12 (RAdIL-12), strongly potentiates cellular immune response against HCV Ags in BALB/c mice when RAdIL-12 was used at doses of 1 x 105-1 x 107 plaque-forming units. However, cellular immunity against HCV Ags was abolished when higher doses (1 x 108 plaque-forming units) of RAdIL-12 were used. This immunosuppressive effect was associated with marked elevation of IFN-gamma and nitric oxide in the serum and increased cell apoptosis in the spleen. Administration of N-nitro-L -arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, to mice that received high doses of RAdIL-12 was lethal, whereas no apparent systemic toxicity by L -NAME was observed in those immunized with lower doses of the adenovirus. Interestingly, in mice immunized with recombinant adenovirus expressing core and E1 proteins of HCV in combination with RAdIL-12 at low doses (1 x 107 plaque-forming units), L -NAME inhibited T cell proliferation and CTL activity in response to HCV Ags and also production of Abs against adenoviral proteins. In conclusion, gene transfer of IL-12 can increase or abolish cell immunity against an Ag depending of the dose of the vector expressing the cytokine. IL-12 stimulates the synthesis of NO which is needed for the immunostimulating effects of IL-12, but apoptosis of T cells and immunosuppression ensues when IFN-gamma and NO are generated at very high concentrations.
Continuous, Ionic Liquid‐Catalysed Propylation of Toluene in a Liquid‐Liquid Biphasic Reaction Mode using a Loop Reactor Concept (2007)

Abstract Acidic ionic liquids of the type [cation] [bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion]/aluminium trichloride {[cation][(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N]/AlCl 3 } have been applied to realise for the first time a continuous Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction in liquid‐liquid biphasic reaction mode using a loop reactor concept. Exemplified for the continuous propylation of toluene we have proved that the acidic catalyst layer is successfully immobilised over at least 18 h in the loop reactor. After 8 h time‐on‐stream, a steady state has been reached followed by at least 10 h time‐on‐stream without any loss of activity or change in selectivity. Our results reveal the high potential of this class of acidic ionic liquids in continuous arene functionalisation reactions.
Progress towards a public key infrastructure in Australia (2002)

The real and anticipated growth of electronic commerce has led to a strong demand for authentication, non-repudiation, and confidentiality services relying on public key technology. Both public and private sectors in Australia appreciate the need and are moving towards satisfying it.
The effect of fit-up geometry on melt flow and weld quality in laser hybrid welding (2013)

Hybrid laser-arc welding has a good tolerance to poor fit up as compared to simple laser welding. For a butt joint, the joint fit-up variations can be reduced to two local properties: the gap width and the vertical edge mismatch. The impact of these two properties on the resulting weld quality has been studied systematically in this paper. The original edges as well as the resulting weld surface topography have been scanned in three dimensions in order to study trends. During hybrid welding, the melt flow and the electric arc were observed at the top surface by high speed imaging to analyze the complex fluid flow phenomena.
Effect of long‐term treatment with octreotide on rectal sensitivity in patients with non‐constipated irritable bowel syndrome (2007)

Although the threshold of first rectal sensation increased and stool consistency improved, long-term treatment with octreotide, at least at the current dose used, has no visceral analgesic effect and fails to improve irritable bowel syndrome symptoms.
Transgene transmission and expression in rainbow trout and tilapia. (1993)

We describe the production of transgenic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by microneedle injection of fertilized eggs with cloned copies of novel gene constructs. Two aspects of the work with transgenic trout are presented; namely, patterns of inheritance of transgenes by the F1 generation following in vitro fertilization of gametes from transgenic and nontransgenic fish, and the degree of DNA methylation of transgenes in different fish and in different tissues of the same fish. Work with transgenic tilapia has been only of short duration, and evidence is presented simply to indicate their transgenic status. Transient expression studies using the bacterial gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase when driven by fish-derived promoters are also discussed.
Thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator or streptokinase induces transient thrombin activity (1988)

We have determined the plasma level of fibrinopeptide A as a specific index of thrombin activity during the infusion of a thrombolytic agent in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Peripheral venous plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A increased following the initiation of thrombolytic therapy from 2.7 nmol/L to a peak of 13.0 nmol/L at 30 minutes with streptokinase and from 1.1 nmol/L to a peak of 10.7 nmol/L at 90 minutes with tissue plasminogen activator. The amount of fibrinogen converted to fibrin I was determined by integration of the plasma level of fibrinopeptide A over time. The amount of fibrin I formed over the five-hour period from the start of drug infusion was approximately 10 mg/dL in response to either streptokinase or recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. We conclude that activation of coagulation occurs in response to thrombolytic therapy despite heparin administration. This thrombin action, though transient, would be sufficient to cause rethrombosis if localized and incompletely opposed by fibrinolytic activity.
Mechanical Super-Low Frequency (SLF) Transmitter Using Electrically-Modulated Reluctance (2018)

Frequencies in the range of super-low frequency (SLF) to very-low frequency (VLF) are ideal for communication in underwater and underground environments. However, large antenna structures are often needed for high efficiency and bandwidth. We experimentally demonstrate an efficient and compact SLF transmitter based on the concept of a spinning permanent magnet. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a modulation technique that does not require change in the rotational speed of the magnet. Findings suggest that our electronic modulation technique can give greater efficiency and bandwidth compared to a mechanically based modulation approach.
Development of an intelligent container prototype for a logistical support robot system in living space (2007)

This paper reports development of an intelligent container, a unit of the logistical support robot system in living space. The container not only supports human to fix and arrange their commodities, but also supports robots to achieve their logistical tasks. In other words, the intelligent container is a mediator between human's request and robots' capabilities. The container has four major roles in our logistical support system. (1) Taking several commodities in and recognizing and acquiring contents' information. (2) Supporting human and robots to transfer the container. (3) Receiving users' command as a simple user-interface. (4) Communicating to a host computer and informs the contents of the container and users' command. To realize those roles, the container is equipped with a grasping navigation mechanism for robot handling, RFID reader for the recognition of contents, and LCD device to display supporting information to human and robot. Finally, a primary function is evaluated in experiment to confirm that an acceleration sensor enables the container to detect being transferred by human. In the future, the intelligent container will play a role of contact point for human and robots in our target system, that enables human-robot symbiotic life.
Aerobic Oxidation of Cyclohexane using <i>N</i>‐Hydroxyphthalimide Bearing Fluoroalkyl Chains (2008)

Abstract The N ‐hydroxyphthalimide derivatives, F 15 ‐ and F 17 ‐NHPI, bearing a long fluorinated alkyl chain, were prepared and their catalytic performances were compared with that of the parent compound, N ‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI). The oxidation of cyclohexane under 10 atm of air in the presence of fluorinated F 15 ‐ or F 17 ‐NHPI, cobalt diacetate [Co(OAc) 2 ], and manganese diacetate [Mn(OAc) 2 ] without any solvent at 100 °C afforded a mixture of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone (K/A oil) as major products along with a small amount of adipic acid. It was found that F 15 ‐ and F 17 ‐NHPI exhibit higher catalytic activity than NHPI for the oxidation of cyclohexane without a solvent. However, for the oxidation in acetic acid all of these catalysts afforded adipic acid as a major product in good yield and the catalytic activity of NHPI in acetic acid was almost the same as those of F 15 ‐ and F 17 ‐NHPI. The oxidation by F 15 ‐ and F 17 ‐NHPI catalysts in trifluorotoluene afforded K/A oil in high selectivity with little formation of adipic acid, while NHPI was a poor catalyst under these conditions, forming K/A oil as well as adipic acid in very low yields. The oxidation in trifluorotoluene by F 15 ‐ and F 17 ‐NHPI catalysts was considerably accelerated by the addition of a small amount of zirconium(IV) acetylacetonate [Zr(acac) 4 ] to the present catalytic system to afford selectively K/A oil, but no such effect was observed in the NHPI‐catalyzed oxidation in trifluorotoluene.
Locus unlinked to alpha-fetoprotein under the control of the murine raf and Rif genes. (1984)

The levels of alpha-fetoprotein mRNA in mice are determined by at least two trans-acting, unlinked genes, raf and Rif. raf determines the basal levels of alpha-fetoprotein mRNA in adult mice, while Rif determines its degree of inducibility during liver regeneration. To determine whether these regulatory loci affect other structural genes, we screened a murine fetal liver cDNA library for clones containing mRNA sequences that decrease after birth. One such clone, termed pH19, was identified, and its mRNA was shown to be under the control of both raf and Rif. The single-copy gene for H19 mRNA was localized to chromosome 7, and genetic crosses established that it was unlinked to either raf or Rif. It encodes a 2.5-kilobase mRNA that was identified in those tissues that produce alpha-fetoprotein: visceral endoderm, liver, and fetal gut. The repression of H19 mRNA in neonatal liver occurs several days after the decrease in alpha-fetoprotein mRNA, whereas inductions of both mRNAs during the differentiation of F9 teratocarcinoma cells into visceral endoderm were identical. The tissue-specific expression of H19 mRNA is different from that of alpha-fetoprotein in that H19 mRNA was detected also in both cardiac and skeletal muscle where no alpha-fetoprotein mRNA is produced. Despite the fact that the levels of H19 mRNA decline to 1/10th to 1/20th in cardiac muscle after birth, the adult basal levels are not under the influence of raf. This observation argues that the raf gene is a tissue-specific regulator of mRNA levels.
Recurrent genital herpes among women: symptomatic v. asymptomatic viral shedding. (1978)

To investigate whether asymptomatic shedding of herpes simplex virus occurs in women with recurrent genital herpes, six women with documented disease were followed up twice weekly with viral cultures and pelvic examination. During the study period of 1330 patient days and 452 patient visits, 26 episodes of genital herpesvirus infection were recorded. Twenty-three (88%) episodes were accompanied by signs and symptoms. Three (14%) of the culture-positive recurrences were asymptomatic. In one episode an asymptomatic lesion was noted, and in two instances viral shedding from the vulva or cervix occurred in the absence of visible herpetic lesions. Three of the six women had evidence of recurrent cervical herpesvirus infection. No relationships between menstrual cycle and sexual activity and the onset of recurrence were noted.
Production of platelet-derived growth factorlike protein by rat mesangial cells in culture. (1987)

Rat mesangial cells (MC) release a factor that competes in a dose-dependent manner with 125I-labeled platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) for binding to human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF). The competitor activity in mesangial cell conditioned medium (MCCM) is reversible, trypsin sensitive, and inhibited by anti-PDGF IgG. MCCM also expresses potent mitogenic activity to HFF. Anti-PDGF IgG, in concentrations that completely abolished the mitogenic activity of pure PDGF and the competitor activity of MCCM, only partially (33-41%) inhibits this mitogenic activity. The PDGF receptor competing activity as well as the total mitogenic activity, coelutes with labeled pure PDGF on Sephacryl S-200 gel chromatography. Cation exchange chromatography of concentrated MCCM yields a major mitogen peak with little competitor activity and a smaller mitogenic peak with comparable competitor activity, suggestive of the presence of other mitogens in MCCM besides the PDGF-like protein. PDGF is a potent mitogen and may play a role at inflammatory sites. The production of PDGF-like protein by MC may provide insights for understanding the pathogenesis of glomerular diseases.
Feedback bit reduction for antenna selection methods in wireless systems (2005)

A well known method to reduce the intrinsic complexity of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems is to choose a subset of available antennas which have stronger links than the others, in order to perform the specified MIMO algorithm. The data resulted from the antenna selection process (at the receiver side) is sent back to the transmitter side via a feedback channel. There seems to be a need to reduce the number of feedback bits, specially when the number of antennas is not small. In this paper, we investigate the problem of reducing the number of feedback bits in antenna selection techniques. We've proposed two methods using vector quantization techniques to perform feedback bit reduction. The performance of these two methods is investigated by simulations in both correlated and uncorrelated wireless channels.
Electromagnetic Railgun Launchers: Direct Launch Feasibility (1982)

Considerable progress in understanding railgun operation, requirements, and limitations has been made. It appears that railguns may have potential application to space propulsion and direct launch. This paper discusses the state-of-the-art and expected capability of railgun systems. It includes the requirements and an example design of an Earth-based system capable of launching projectiles through the atmosphere at velocities greater than 8 km/s. The critical issues and problem areas that require investigation are described.
Architectural Reconstruction with Multiple Views and Geometric Constraints (2003)

We present a supervised approach to recover 3D models of buildings from multiple uncalibrated views. With this method the user matches 3D vertices in the images and defines the 3D model of the building with the help of elementary and intuitive geometric constraints. At the same time, a graph describing relationships between vertices is built. Then, unknown parameters of this graph are estimated non-linearly through a bundle adjustment to recover the building model and the camera parameters. This method asserts that geometric rules are perfectly respected. This approach is used to recover independently 3D parts of the building with suitable images. Then all these independent 3D models are merged to obtain a full multiscale model of the building. An example on real images is given.
Anti-angiogenic effects of trabectedin (Yondelis; ET-743) on human breast cancer cells (2014)

Trabectedin, a tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid derived from a Caribbean tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata, has been shown to have antitumor effects. In this study, we assessed the possible anti-angiogenic effects of trabectedin on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and breast cancer cell lines. An XTT cell viability assay was used to determine cytotoxicity. A scratch assay was used to detect the migration of cells after trabectedin treatment. Angiogenic cytokine profiles of breast cancer cell lines, before and after treatment with trabectedin, were investigated using an angiogenesis antibody array. Changes in mRNA expression levels of VEGF were evaluated using qRT-PCR. Trabectedin inhibited the viability of HUVECs and breast cancer cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The migration of both HUVECs and breast cancer cells was suppressed by trabectedin treatment. Angiogenic cytokines which are known to regulate tumorigenicity and angiogenesis, such as GM-CSF, IGFBP-2, VEGF, and uPA, were inhibited, while several anti-angiogenic cytokines such as TIMP-1 and Serpin E1were induced in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, expression levels of VEGF mRNA were inhibited in all breast cancer cells tested. Although additional studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-angiogenic activity of trabectedin, our results suggest that trabectedin may act as a potential anti-angiogenic agent in breast cancer cells.
Structure-activity relationships in a broad-spectrum anthelmintic series. Acid chloride phenylhydrazones. I. Aryl substitutions and chloride variations (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure-activity relationships in a broad-spectrum anthelmintic series. Acid chloride phenylhydrazones. I. Aryl substitutions and chloride variationsDouglas L. Rector, S. D. Folz, R. D. Conklin, L. H. Nowakowski, and Girts KaugarsCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1981, 24, 5, 532–538Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00137a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00137a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views376Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Negative pressure wave based pipeline Leak Detection: Challenges and algorithms (2012)

Negative pressure wave is a popular method to detect the occurrence and location of leak incidents in oil/gas pipeline. Three core technical challenges and related algorithm are discussed in this paper. The first is data quality. The balance between noise level and locating precision is discussed in filter design. The second one is dynamic slope in anomaly detection, whence a bi-SPC (Static Process Control) algorithms is proposed to make the threshold be adaptive. The third one is the false alarm caused normal working condition changes. Multiple-sensor paring algorithms is presented. With these algorithms, the robustness and locating precision of LDS (Leak Detection System) can be ensured.