gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulation of Neuritogenesis by a Protein Implicated in X-Linked Mental Retardation (2009)

Posttranscriptional regulation is an important control mechanism governing gene expression in neurons. We recently demonstrated that VCX-A, a protein implicated in X-linked mental retardation, is an RNA-binding protein that specifically binds the 5' end of capped mRNAs to prevent their decapping and decay. Previously, expression of VCX-A was reported to be testes restricted. Consistent with a role in cognitive function, we demonstrate that VCX-A is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues including the brain. Moreover, retinoic acid-induced differentiation of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells promoted the accumulation of VCX-A in distinct cytoplasmic foci within neurites that colocalize with staufen1-containing RNA granules, suggesting a role in translational suppression and/or mRNA transport. Exogenous expression of VCX-A in rat primary hippocampal neurons, which normally do not express the primate-restricted VCX proteins, promoted neurite arborization, and shRNA-directed knockdown of the VCX genes in SH-SY5Y cells resulted in a reduction of both primary and secondary neurite projections upon differentiation. We propose that the cap-binding property of VCX-A reflects a role of this protein in mRNA translational regulation. In support of this hypothesized role, we demonstrate that VCX-A can specifically bind a subset of mRNAs involved in neuritogenesis and is also capable of promoting translational silencing. Thus, VCX-A contains the capacity to modulate the stability and translation of a subset of target mRNAs involved in neuronal differentiation and arborization. It is plausible that defects of these functions in the absence of the VCX genes could contribute to a mental retardation phenotype.
Isolation of Andrographis paniculata Leaf Protein with Antifungal Property (2004)

The crude protein extract from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata was found to inhibit the spore germination of two major pathogens Aspergillus flavus and Macrophomina phaseolina. The antifungal protein component was further purified from the crude extract and the molecular mass of toxic protein was estimated to be 39.5 KDa.
Multilayer Coplanar Waveguide Transmission Lines Compatible with Standard Digital Silicon Technologies (2007)

On-chip transmission lines in silicon technologies suffer from the low-resistivity substrate and geometry limitations imposed by layout and metal density design rules. In this paper, we demonstrate that multilayer coplanar waveguide (MCPW) transmission lines can be utilized to overcome both problems by taking advantage of multiple metal layers available. We studied the effects of ground spacing on MCPW characteristics using electromagnetic simulations, based on process parameters from a 0.18 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">μ</i> m standard digital CMOS technology with 0.01 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Ω</i> -cm P+ substrate. Simulation results show that by adjusting the ground spacing, we can control the characteristics impedance, effective dielectric constant, and attenuation of MCPW lines. A test chip was designed and fabricated with MCPW, regular CPW, and microstrip lines. Measurement results verified the analysis and simulation results.
Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 Diversity in Seven Genomes – Divide and Conquer (2010)

The var gene encoded hyper-variable Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family mediates cytoadhesion of infected erythrocytes to human endothelium. Antibodies blocking cytoadhesion are important mediators of malaria immunity acquired by endemic populations. The development of a PfEMP1 based vaccine mimicking natural acquired immunity depends on a thorough understanding of the evolved PfEMP1 diversity, balancing antigenic variation against conserved receptor binding affinities. This study redefines and reclassifies the domains of PfEMP1 from seven genomes. Analysis of domains in 399 different PfEMP1 sequences allowed identification of several novel domain classes, and a high degree of PfEMP1 domain compositional order, including conserved domain cassettes not always associated with the established group A-E division of PfEMP1. A novel iterative homology block (HB) detection method was applied, allowing identification of 628 conserved minimal PfEMP1 building blocks, describing on average 83% of a PfEMP1 sequence. Using the HBs, similarities between domain classes were determined, and Duffy binding-like (DBL) domain subclasses were found in many cases to be hybrids of major domain classes. Related to this, a recombination hotspot was uncovered between DBL subdomains S2 and S3. The VarDom server is introduced, from which information on domain classes and homology blocks can be retrieved, and new sequences can be classified. Several conserved sequence elements were found, including: (1) residues conserved in all DBL domains predicted to interact and hold together the three DBL subdomains, (2) potential integrin binding sites in DBLα domains, (3) an acylation motif conserved in group A var genes suggesting N-terminal N-myristoylation, (4) PfEMP1 inter-domain regions proposed to be elastic disordered structures, and (5) several conserved predicted phosphorylation sites. Ideally, this comprehensive categorization of PfEMP1 will provide a platform for future studies on var/PfEMP1 expression and function.
Never-ending learning (2018)

Whereas people learn many different types of knowledge from diverse experiences over many years, and become better learners over time, most current machine learning systems are much more narrow, learning just a single function or data model based on statistical analysis of a single data set. We suggest that people learn better than computers precisely because of this difference, and we suggest a key direction for machine learning research is to develop software architectures that enable intelligent agents to also learn many types of knowledge, continuously over many years, and to become better learners over time. In this paper we define more precisely this never-ending learning paradigm for machine learning, and we present one case study: the Never-Ending Language Learner (NELL), which achieves a number of the desired properties of a never-ending learner. NELL has been learning to read the Web 24hrs/day since January 2010, and so far has acquired a knowledge base with 120mn diverse, confidence-weighted beliefs (e.g., servedWith(tea,biscuits) ), while learning thousands of interrelated functions that continually improve its reading competence over time. NELL has also learned to reason over its knowledge base to infer new beliefs it has not yet read from those it has, and NELL is inventing new relational predicates to extend the ontology it uses to represent beliefs. We describe the design of NELL, experimental results illustrating its behavior, and discuss both its successes and shortcomings as a case study in never-ending learning. NELL can be tracked online at http://rtw.ml.cmu.edu, and followed on Twitter at @CMUNELL.
The physics of UV laser cornea ablation (1991)

Experiments to determine the optimum parameters of an excimer irradiation of the cornea for clinical application are reported. The materials, procedures, and results are described. A theoretical model of cornea ablation that takes into consideration the thermal effects and mechanical stresses is suggested.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Chemical Engineer in Industry (1963)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTThe Chemical Engineer in IndustryTHOMAS H. CHILTONView Author Information Georgia Institute of TechnologyCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1963, 41, 4b, 14–18Publication Date (Print):January 28, 1963Publication History Published online6 November 2010Published inissue 28 January 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v041n004b.p014https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v041n004b.p014newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1963 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views9Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Chemical engineering and industrial chemistry Get e-Alerts
A digital phase and amplitude feedforward correction system (2002)

We have designed and fabricated a phase and amplitude correction system (PACS) using digital microelectronic circuitries and microstrip RF components with subnanosecond switching and response time. The control system uses a feedforward scheme to correct unwanted variations in phase and amplitude of a short (<100 ns) RF pulse which is generated repeatedly by an external RF source (e.g. relativistic klystron, FEL). Programmable or constant phase and amplitude (to within 0.5/spl deg/ and 0.1 dB, respectively) are achievable with the PACS. The system features a digitally programmable phase shifter and attenuator based on a direct RF digital-to-analog converter (RFDAC).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Wnt Antagonist Family Genes as Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Staging, and Prognosis of Renal Cell Carcinoma Using Tumor and Serum DNA (2006)

This is the first report showing that M score analysis of Wnt antagonist genes can serve as an excellent epigenetic biomarker panel for detection, staging, and prognosis of RCC using serum DNA.
A BIOMARKER, P450 RGS, FOR ASSESSING THE INDUCTION POTENTIAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES (1995)

In this study we describe the use of a transgenic cell line for the identification of potentially toxic compounds in test solutions and environmental samples. The reporter gene system (RGS), derived from a human liver cancer cell line, has been engineered such that the CYP1A1 gene, when activated by an inducer compound, will produce luciferase instead of P450. Eighteen hours after application of an inducer the reaction is stopped by rinsing, the cells lysed, and the cytoplasm measured for luminescence and protein content (for normalization). Induction by such compounds as dioxin, dioxin-like PCB congeners (co-planars), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) infers these xenobiotics are present at levels that are potentially toxic, carcinogenic, or mutagenic to organisms. Multiple wells with attached cells in 2 ml of media were inoculated with various concentrations of toxicants in organic solvents (including DMSO, toluene, and dichloromethane). Volumes tested successfully thus far are 2 to 20 μl of solvent. Solvent extracts (using standard extraction methods) of aquatic sediments were directly applied to the assay system. Test results show significant RGS induction from concentrations of inducer compound that, if present in a typical 40-g sediment sample, would be (in ng/g or ppb): 0.05 for dioxin; 10 to 1,000 for a range of coplanar PCB congeners; about 2,000 for several Aroclor mixtures; and 300 for a mixture of PAHs. A mixture of pesticides at concentrations about four times the PAH levels did not produce an induction response. Results presented here indicate that testing for the presence of potentially toxic chemicals in environmental samples could be performed rapidly, with sensitivity and specificity using this RGS cell line.
Stability and Shape of Hepatitis B Virus Capsids In Vacuo (2008)

Viruses at a glance: Ion mobility mass spectrometry allows the identification and differentiation of states in a viral assembly not only by mass but also by conformation. This approach has been used to obtain a biophysical characterization of the hepatitis B virus capsids, and has shown that of its two distinct icosahedral geometries, the spherical capsid structure is preserved in vacuo (see picture).
Bypass Fat in Dairy Ration - A Review (2013)

Role of bypass fat in rations of the high producing dairy animals is very crucial for enhancing the energy density of the ration. Dietary fat, that resists lipolysis and biohydrogenation in rumen by rumen microorganisms, but gets digested in lower digestive tract, is known as bypass fat or rumen protected fat or inert fat. Among all forms of bypass fat, calcium salts of long chain fatty acids (Ca-LCFA) is relatively less degradable in rumen, has highest intestinal digestibility and serve as an additional source of calcium. A simple cost effective indigenous technology has been developed for the preparation of bypass fat (Ca-LCFA) using vegetable fatty acids. Ration of the high producing animals should contain 4–6% fat, which should include fat from natural feed, oil seed and bypass fat in equal proportions. Supplementation of bypass fat had no adverse effect on the rumen fermentation, feed intake, digestibility of nutrients and different blood parameters of the dairy animals. The milk yield is increased by 5.5–24.0% along with the improvement in post partum recovery of the body weight and body condition score and reproductive performance of the dairy animals. Feeding of the indigenously prepared bypass fat to lactating dairy animals has shown to give additional benefit of Rs. 12–40/- per animal per day. Further research is necessary to find out the supplemental effect of the bypass fat on dairy animals fed various types of basal rations at different productive levels and stages of lactation.
An introduction to graphical users interfaces and their use by CITIS (1992)

A Graphical User Interface (GUI) is a powerful tool that is used for simplifying a computing environment.
A Silicon Lens for Integrated Free-Space Optics (2011)

We introduce a CMOS-compatible planar lens made of a hexagonal array of silicon posts, with a diameter distribution tailored to produce an arbitrary transmitted wavefront, opening the way to the integration of 3D optical systems.
The Preparation of Some 6-Substituted-2-thiouracils<sup>1</sup> (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of Some 6-Substituted-2-thiouracils1Mary Jackman, A. J. Bergman, and S. ArcherCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 2, 497–500Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01182a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01182a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views333Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thermal Activated Resin to Repair Casing Leaks in the Middle East (2016)

Abstract The challenge was with wells where the casing had lost its barrier/integrity because of casing leakage. There the result was that production wells were closed in. These problems are often caused by cementing failure when the well was drilled and cemented, lost zone, experienced corrosive formation fluid from the formation, treads leakage or other reasons for this integrity failure. There have been tried out serial methods for how this casing leakage can be repaired safely and in a cost-effective manner. Casing damage/leakage with low or non-injectivity have been squeezed and repaired with Thermal activated resin. Thermal activated resin is a nonreactive polymer with qualities that are resistant to all formation corrosives/hazard fluids. Thermal activated resin will reinstall a good well barrier and integrity to protect casing from future corrosion. Thermal activated resin has been used in serial wells in Saudi Arabia in both onshore and offshore fields. In a small volume, with a controlled setting and short operation time, a high success rate has been achieved. The solution to these challenges was developed by designing thermal activated resin casing repair liquid plug with a density equal from 64 pcf to 152 pcf. The setting time can also be adjusted accurately. This new treatment slurry was able to be bullheaded and displaced with polymer mud/brine at 64 pcf to 152 pcf. The slurry was easily able to be pumped through the drill pipe. This novel product possesses low elastic modulus and high flexibility in density, viscosity and fast setting time according to requirements. The well barrier elements made of this product have no risk of shrinking, cracking, gas channeling or deterioration upon exposure to harsh reservoir environments. This paper presents a case history and field application of this novel polymer based casing repair material for successful treatment of full losses or when there is no/low injectivity in formations in most of the critical oil and gas fields in Saudi Arabia. Also, the paper includes a discussion of the methodology, material properties and applications.
Deficiency of ovarian ornithine decarboxylase contributes to aging‐related egg aneuploidy in mice (2012)

It has been known for more than four decades that during mammalian estrous cycles, luteinizing hormone stimulates a transitory rise in the ovaries of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and its enzymatic product putrescine, concurrent with oocyte maturation in vivo. Inhibition of this transitory ODC/putrescine rise, however, does not appear to affect oocyte maturation or ovulation. Using several mouse models and combining in vitro and in vivo approaches, we demonstrated that deficiency of ODC during oocyte maturation is correlated with increased levels of egg aneuploidies. These results suggest that the transitory ovarian ODC rise in late proestrus is important for ensuring proper chromosome segregation during oocyte maturation. Older mice (8 months of age) exhibited about 1/3 that of young mice in LH-stimulated ovarian ODC activity and a corresponding increase in egg aneuploidies. Moreover, a combination of putrescine supplementation in mouse drinking water leading up to oocyte retrieval and in oocyte maturation medium reduced egg aneuploidies of the older mice from 12.7% to 5.3%. Therefore, ovarian ODC deficiency might be an important etiology of maternal aging-related aneuploidies, and peri-ovulatory putrescine supplementation might reduce the risk of aneuploid conceptions in older women.
Soft-lithography 기법을 이용한 Cytochrome c 단백질의 고정화 및 물리적 특성에 관한 연구 (2003)

소프트 리소그래피 기법은 바이오 센서 및 분자소자로의 응용에 있어서 마이크로 사이즈의 소자제작에 대한 새로운 접근방법으로 빠르게 발전하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 소프트 리소그래피 기법을 사용하여 마이크로 패턴을 따라 특성화된 단백질 cytochrome c의 단분자층을 제작하였다. 플라즈마와 화학적 처리와 같은 표면 개질화를 통해 탄성체 polydimethylsiloxane 스템프에서 금 기판으로의 패턴 전사에 대한 높은 분해능을 얻을 수 있었다. 특히 화학적 처리에 의해 개질화된 PDMS 고분자는 소수성에 대한 낮은 노화 현상을 나타냈다. Cytochrome c의 산화 환원 활성도는 cyclic voltammetry와 AFM을 사용하여 조사하였고, 또한 생물 전자소자로의 응용가능성에 대해서도 검토하였다.
The Kynurenine Pathway of Tryptophan Catabolism, CD4+ T-Cell Recovery, and Mortality Among HIV-Infected Ugandans Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (2014)

The kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism independently predicts poor CD4(+) T-cell count recovery and increased mortality among HIV-infected Ugandans initiating ART and may be an important target for interventions.
Scalable Collision Detection for Massively Multiplayer Online Games (2005)

We describe approaches for satisfying the real-time collision detection requirements of distributed virtual environments. We assume a distributed virtual environment is deployed using client/server architecture typical of commercial massive multiplayer online games. We exploit the scalability provided by the clustering of servers in the development of a real-time collision detection service that may scale to satisfy the requirements of virtual environments that are constructed of many thousands of objects. We present performance figures that show our approaches to be scalable in that an addition of servers to a cluster results in an increased number of objects that can be considered for collision detection in real-time.
Adsorbers for in-situ collection and at-sea gamma analysis of dissolved Thorium-234 in seawater (1994)

Two polypropylene carridge tyes (Beta Pure and Hytrex II) were tested in the laboratory as adsorbers for in-situ collection of dissolved Thorium-234 (234Th) in seawater.
Exploiting interactivity, influence, space and time to explore non-linear drama in virtual worlds (2001)

We present four contrasting interfaces to allow multiple viewers to explore 3D recordings of dramas in on-line virtual worlds. The first is an on-line promenade performance to an audience of avatars. The second is a form of immersive cinema, with multiple simultaneous viewpoints. The third is a tabletop projection surface that allows viewers to select detailed views from a bird's-eye overview. The fourth is a linear television broadcast created by a director or editor. A comparison of these examples shows how a viewing audience can exploit four general resources - interactivity, influence, space, and time - to make sense of complex, non-linear virtual drama. These resources provide interaction designers with a general framework for defining the relationship between the audience and the 3D content.