gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new wide input range high efficiency photovoltaic inverter (2010)

This paper investigated the requirements and future trends for photovoltaic inverter. Then a high efficiency dual mode resonant converter is proposed as the MPPT stage for photovoltaic inverter. A detailed analysis for operation features of proposed converter is given where the PV panel characteristics have been considered. The experimental results with PV panels show that the proposed converter can function as MPPT stage well and no shoot through occurs during mode transition. Also the weighted efficiency of a 2 kW DC/DC stage is around 97.7%.
How to Adapt the Implantation Technique for the New SAPIEN 3 Transcatheter Heart Valve Design (2014)

The new balloon-expandable Edwards SAPIEN 3 THV has significant design improvements requiring adjustments in the implantation technique as compared to the previous generation SAPIEN XT. Basically, the new valve requires less oversizing due to the outer skirt, which, if positioned underneath the annulus, can reduce the occurrence and severity of paravalvular leak (PVL). As with any transcatheter vale, a thorough assessment of the device-landing-zone, the surrounding structures, and the distribution of calcifications is of vast importance. Once the SAPIEN 3 valve is positioned with the initial orientation of the middle balloon marker at the level of the leaflet hinge points, the outer skirt will remain under the annulus, despite the foreshortening of the lower inflow portion of the valve. If there is an incomplete apposition, the outer skirt can conform to the anatomy, close the gaps, and reduce the risk of PVL. When calcifications are located on the edges of the annulus, PVL is common with the SAPIEN XT THV but dramatically reduced with the SAPIEN 3 THV. If the calcification extends from the annulus into the entire LVOT, there is always an incomplete apposition of the either valve frame; however, the resulting PVL is reduced by the outer skirt of the SAPIEN 3. In 165 consecutive SAPIEN 3 patients, 89.7% (n = 145) had none or a trace PVL and there were no patients with moderate or severe PVL. The new generation SAPIEN 3 valve allows more challenging anatomies to be treated, requires less oversizing, and can reduce PVL.
Shape from symmetry: detecting and exploiting symmetry in affine images (1995)

Abstract We investigate the constraints placed on the image projection of a planar object having local reflectional symmetry. Under the affine approximation to projection, we demonstrate an efficient (low-complexity) algorithm for detecting and verifying symmetries despite the distorting effects of image skewing. The symmetries are utilized for three distinct tasks: first, determining image back-projection up to a similarity transformation ambiguity; second, determining the object plane orientation (slant and tilt); and third, as a test for non-coplanarity amongst a collection of objects. These results are illustrated throughout with examples from images of real scenes.
Anticonvulsant Properties of Betaine (1979)

Summary: It has been shown previously that convulsions induced by homocysteine are blocked by betaine. In the present study, betaine was found to block the induction of convulsions by electroconvulsive shock and by pentylenetetrazol at least as effectively as it blocked convulsions induced by homocysteine. Thus, betaine has a general anticonvulsant action, the reason for which is unknown. RÉSUMÉ II a préalablement été démontré que les convulsions induites par Ľhomocysteine sont bloquées par la bétaine. Dans la presente etude il est démontré que la bétaine bloque aussi bien les convulsions induites par Ľélectrochoc et le pentylénetétrazol que celles provoquées par l'homocysteine. Ainsi apparaitil que la betaine possede une action anticonvulsive générale pour des raisons qui sont encore inconnues. RESUMEN Se ha mostrado con anterioridad que la betai'na bloquea las convulsiones inducidas por homocisteina. En el presente estudio se ha encontrado que la betaina tambien bloquea la inducción de convulsiones por electroshock y por pentilentetrazol de un modo tan efectivo como lo hace con las convulsiones inducidas por la homocisteina. De esta manera, la betaina tiene una acción anticonvulsivante general aunque la razón de esta propiedad no sea conocida. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Es ist früher gezeigt worden, daß durch Homo‐zystein induzierte Krampfe von Betain blockiert werden. Die vorliegende Untersuchung ergab, daB Betain auch Krampfe, die durch Elektroschock und Pentylentetrazol hervorgerufen werden, mindestens ebenso wirkungsvoll verhindert als es Krampfe blockiert, die durch Homozystein hervorgerufen werden. Damit hat Betain eine generelle antikonvul‐sive Wirksamkeit, deren Ursache unbekannt ist.
Synthesis of magnetic polymer microspheres and application for immobilization of proteinase of <i>balillus sublitis</i> (1995)

Abstract Core–shell composite magnetic polymer microspheres, containing a magnetic core and a polymer shell, were synthesized by dispersion copolymerization of styrene (St) and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of magnetic oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) powder. The Fe 3 O 4 powder was ultrasonically disperesed in poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and the affinity between the obtained superfine powder and the monomer and initator was improved. It shows that the dispersion medium and stabilizer system have a great effect on the diameter and dispersion parameter of microspheres. In the condition of controlling polymerization, the magnetic polymer microspheres containing surface OH groups, having 50–500 μm diameter and with better magnetic induction, were synthesized. The proteinase of Balillus sublitis was immobilized on magnetic polymer microspheres with an average diameter of 50–60 μm by covalent coupling. The magnetic immobilized proteinase shows an enzyme activity of 1000 U/g, the enzyme yields are usually 20–30 mg/g of carriers, and the activity retention is about 40%. The stability of the immobilized enzyme was obviously improved. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Mass Balance, Energy, and Exergy Analysis of Bio-Oil Production by Fast Pyrolysis (2012)

Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mass, energy, and exergy balances are analyzed for bio-oil production in a bench-scale fast pyrolysis system developed by the USDA’s Agricultural Research Service (ARS) for the processing of commodity crops to fuel intermediates. Because mass balance closure is difficult to achieve due, in part, to the system’s small size and complexity a linear programming optimization model is developed to improve closure of elemental balances without losing the overall representation of the pyrolysis products. The model results provide an opportunity to analyze true energy and exergy balances for the system. While energy comparisons are based on heating values, exergy flows are computed using statistical relationships and other standard techniques. Comparisons were made for a variety of biomass feedstocks including energy crops and various byproducts of agriculture and bioenergy industry. The mass model allows for proper accounting of sources of mass loss and suggestions for improved system performance. Energy recovery and exergetic efficiency are compared for a variety of pyrolysis product utilization scenarios including use of biochar and noncondensable gases as heat sources. Exergetic efficiencies show high potential for energy utilization when all the pyrolysis product streams can be recycled to recuperate their internal energy. The exergy analysis can be beneficial to developing exergetic life cycle assessments (ELCA) for the fast pyrolysis process as sustainable technology for advanced biofuels production.
Adaptive Color Correction Method to Monitor in Color Laser Printer (2010)

The Color Management System in recent printers adopts ICC profiles for both monitors and printers. However, the ICC profile doesn't contain the characteristics of reproduced color on each monitor, because the color on each monitor is changed by user adjustment such as color temperature, brightness, and contrast adjustment. It is also depended on the backlight type and lifetime. As a result, unwanted color is reproduced on the printed paper, not like that on the monitor. To overcome the color difference between monitors and printers, it is needed to control the information of ICC profile. That is, first, the ICC profile is generated by the measurement of monitors having user set, then, through the CMS, the color on monitors can be produced on printed paper. However, it is difficult to apply the above system for normal users due to absence of measuring equipment and time consuming process. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel color matching technique based on the estimation of condition for each monitor having user set. The estimation is performed by a simple comparison visual test using a test image on printed paper and monitor. Then, the condition of monitor is applied to the ICC profile. As a result, the new ICC profile contains the color difference between user monitor and printer. The experimental results show the printed images using our proposed method have almost similar color with those on monitors.
Fracture characterization from scattered seismic energy: A case study (2006)

We use 3D surface seismic data to determine the presence and the preferred orientation of fracture corridors in a field. The Scattering Index method is proving to be a robust tool for detecting and mapping fracture corridors. Fracture corridors largely control permeability and fluid flow in some fractured reservoirs. To apply the Scattering Index method, we compute the scattering transfer functions from the reservoir interval using prestack migrated data collected in four azimuth sectors. By measuring the azimuthal differences in the amount of scattering, we obtain maps of density of fracture corridors and their orientation across the survey area. We use geostatistical filtering to improve the spatial correlation of scattering index maps. The distribution and orientation of the final fracture corridors are interpreted considering the structure, fault network, and stress information. In the field, we observe several regions of high fracturing near the anticline's crest and on its steepest slopes, on the southwest flank. Around well locations, fractures are oriented to the NW and NNW, which agrees with estimates of maximum stress direction from well data.
Dynamic Self-Healing for Service Flows with Semantic Web Services (2008)

With an increasing complexity of business processes, self-healing capability is becoming an important issue in order to support robust service flow execution. In this paper, a dynamic self-healing mechanism is proposed, which can dynamically identify suitable alternatives and replace faulty services such that a service flow can be performed successfully despite of unexpected exceptions. This mechanism explicitly utilizes semantic Web services for service matching and selection of a composite service in business service flow, and Semantic Web services are equipped with rich business rules in a domain-dependent manner. We explore the self-healing mechanism for supporting self-healable service flow execution which is modeled in BPEL4WS. A demo system of self-healing capable service flow execution is built to validate its effectiveness by a concrete scenario, PC manufacturing application.
Secure cloud computing with a virtualized network infrastructure (2010)

Despite the rapid development in the field of cloud computing, security is still one of the major hurdles to cloud computing adoption. Most cloud services (e.g. Amazon EC2) are offered at low cost without much protection to users. At the other end of the spectrum, highly secured cloud services (e.g. Google government cloud) are offered at much higher cost by using isolated hardware, facility, and administrators with security clearance. In this paper, we explore the middle ground, where users can still share physical hardware resource, but user networks are isolated and accesses are controlled in the way similar to that in enterprise networks. We believe this covers the need for most enterprise and individual users. We propose an architecture that takes advantage of network virtualization and centralized controller. This architecture overcomes scalability limitations of prior solutions based on VLANs, and enables users to customize security policy settings the same way they control their on-site network.
Multiplex PCR for Detection of Seven Virulence Factors and K1/K2 Capsular Serotypes of Klebsiella pneumoniae (2014)

A single multiplex PCR assay targeting seven virulence factors and the wzi gene specific for the K1 and K2 capsular serotypes of Klebsiella pneumoniae was developed and tested on 65 clinical isolates, which included 45 isolates responsible for community-acquired severe human infections. The assay is useful for the surveillance of emerging highly virulent strains.
Unpaired terminal nucleotides and 5′ monophosphorylation govern 3′ polyadenylation by <i>Escherichia coli</i> poly(A) polymerase I (2000)

In bacteria, most mRNAs and certain regulatory RNAs are rapidly turned over, whereas mature tRNA and ribosomal RNA are highly stable. The selective susceptibility of unstable Escherichia coli RNAs to 3' polyadenylation by the pcnB gene product, poly(A) polymerase I (PAP I), in vivo is a key factor in their rapid degradation by 3' to 5' exonucleases. Using highly purified His-tagged recombinant PAP I, we show that differential adenylation of RNA substrates by PAP I occurs in vitro and that this capability resides in PAP I itself rather than in any ancillary protein(s). Surprisingly, the efficiency of 3' polyadenylation is affected by substrate structure at both termini; single-strand segments at either the 5' or 3' end of RNA molecules and monophosphorylation at an unpaired 5' terminus dramatically increase the rate and length of 3' poly(A) tail additions by PAP I. Our results provide a mechanistic basis for the susceptibility of certain RNAs to 3' polyadenylation. They also suggest a model of "programmed" RNA decay in which endonucleolytically generated RNA fragments containing single-stranded monophosphorylated 5' termini are targeted for poly(A) addition and further degradation.
Human Body Parts Tracking and Kinematic Features Assessment Based on RSSI and Inertial Sensor Measurements (2013)

Acquisition of patient kinematics in different environments plays an important role in the detection of risk situations such as fall detection in elderly patients, in rehabilitation of patients with injuries, and in the design of treatment plans for patients with neurological diseases. Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurements in a Body Area Network (BAN), capture the signal power on a radio link. The main aim of this paper is to demonstrate the potential of utilizing RSSI measurements in assessment of human kinematic features, and to give methods to determine these features. RSSI measurements can be used for tracking different body parts' displacements on scales of a few centimeters, for classifying motion and gait patterns instead of inertial sensors, and to serve as an additional reference to other sensors, in particular inertial sensors. Criteria and analytical methods for body part tracking, kinematic motion feature extraction, and a Kalman filter model for aggregation of RSSI and inertial sensor were derived. The methods were verified by a set of experiments performed in an indoor environment. In the future, the use of RSSI measurements can help in continuous assessment of various kinematic features of patients during their daily life activities and enhance medical diagnosis accuracy with lower costs.
Local features for object class recognition (2005)

In this paper, we compare the performance of local detectors and descriptors in the context of object class recognition. Recently, many detectors/descriptors have been evaluated in the context of matching as well as invariance to viewpoint changes (Mikolajczyk and Schmid, 2004). However, it is unclear if these results can be generalized to categorization problems, which require different properties of features. We evaluate 5 state-of-the-art scale invariant region detectors and 5 descriptors. Local features are computed for 20 object classes and clustered using hierarchical agglomerative clustering. We measure the quality of appearance clusters and location distributions using entropy as well as precision. We also measure how the clusters generalize from training set to novel test data. Our results indicate that attended SIFT descriptors (Mikolajczyk and Schmid, 2005) computed on Hessian-Laplace regions perform best. Second score is obtained by salient regions (Kadir and Brady, 2001). The results also show that these two detectors provide complementary features. The new detectors/descriptors significantly improve the performance of a state-of-the art recognition approach (Leibe, et al., 2005) in pedestrian detection task
An auto-tuner for Smith dead time compensator (1994)

Abstract An efficient yet simple automatic tuning algorithm is developed for dead-time compensators (DTC) common to industrial process controllers. The auto-tuner is capable of setting eight tuning parameters: two for the primary controller, three for the process model and another three for an additional modification aimed at improving the disturbance rejection properties. The process model used in the algorithm is a first order + dead time which captures the essential dynamics of the majority of loops in the chemical and process industries. The methodology and methods used, however, can be readily extended to higher order and more complicated models. The auto-tuner utilizes two points on the process Nyquist curve acquired through automatically generated controlled limit cycles in closed loop fashion. Least squares is then used to estimate the process model. It is shown that an appropriate selection of the two points as well as the weighting matrix in the least squares leads to a robust estimation. A simple rule based on robustness considerations is employed by the auto-tuner for tuning the primary controller. The complete auto-tuners fit easily into existing micro-processor-based industrial controllers. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the auto-tuner as well as the improved performance gained by the automatically-tuned DTC for high-order processes and even for dead-time free processes though it contains a simple model.
Assessing post usage for measuring the quality of forum posts (2010)

It has become difficult to discover quality content within forums websites due to the increasing amount of User Generated Content (UGC) on the Web. Many existing websites have relied on their users to explicitly rate content quality. The main problem with this approach is that the majority of content often receives insufficient rating. Current automated content rating solutions have evaluated linguistic features of UGC but are less effective for different types of online communities. We propose a novel approach that assesses post usage to measure the quality of forum posts. Post usage can be viewed as implicit user ratings derived from their usage behaviour. The proposed model is validated against an operational forum using Matthews Correlation Coefficient to measure performance. Our model serves as a basis of exploring content usage to measure content quality in forums and other Web 2.0 platforms.
Molecular Population Genetics of<i>Xdh</i>and the Evolution of Base Composition in Drosophila (2002)

Few loci have been measured for DNA polymorphism and divergence in several species. Here we report such data from the protein-coding region of xanthine dehydrogenase (Xdh) in 22 species of Drosophila. Many of our samples were from closely related species, allowing us to confidently assign substitutions to individual lineages. Surprisingly, Xdh appears to be fixing more A/T mutations than G/C mutations in most lineages, leading to evolution of higher A/T content in the recent past. We found no compelling evidence for selection on protein variation, though some aspects of the data support the notion that a significant fraction of amino acid polymorphisms are slightly deleterious. Finally, we found no convincing evidence that levels of silent heterozygosity are associated with rates of protein evolution.
By‐Plant Prediction of Corn Forage Biomass and Nitrogen Uptake at Various Growth Stages Using Remote Sensing and Plant Height (2007)

As research intensifies on developing precision agricultural practices for corn ( Zea mays L.) production, an important component will be to identify the scale at which these practices should be implemented. We hypothesized that optical sensing can be used to measure individual corn plant biomass and N uptake. A 3‐yr study was conducted at three locations in Oklahoma. Optical sensor readings of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and plant height measurements were collected on individual corn plants at various growth stages ranging from V8 (collar of eighth leaf unfolded) to VT (last branch of the tassel is completely visible) and correlated with individual plant biomass, forage yield per unit area occupied by the plant, and N uptake of that plant. Individual plant height measurement, collected before reproductive growth, was a good predictor of plant biomass across the six site years of the study ( r 2 = 0.81). The index of NDVI × plant height provided the highest correlation with by‐plant forage yield on an area basis. Optical sensor and plant height measurements collected at the V8 to V10 (collar of 10th leaf unfolded) growth stage can distinguish individual plants and provide information as to their biomass accumulation and N uptake. This research demonstrates that by‐plant information can be collected and used to direct high resolution N applications. The index, NDVI × plant height, may be used to refine midseason fertilizer N rates based on expected N removal and by‐plant measurements at or before V10.
The Number of Fetal Nephron Progenitor Cells Limits Ureteric Branching and Adult Nephron Endowment (2014)

Nephrons, the functional units of the kidney, develop from progenitor cells (cap mesenchyme [CM]) surrounding the epithelial ureteric bud (UB) tips. Reciprocal signaling between UB and CM induces nephrogenesis and UB branching. Although low nephron number is implicated in hypertension and renal disease, the mechanisms that determine nephron number are obscure. To test the importance of nephron progenitor cell number, we genetically ablated 40% of these cells, asking whether this would limit kidney size and nephron number or whether compensatory mechanisms would allow the developing organ to recover. The reduction in CM cell number decreased the rate of branching, which in turn allowed the number of CM cells per UB tip to normalize, revealing a self-correction mechanism. However, the retarded UB branching impaired kidney growth, leaving a permanent nephron deficit. Thus, the number of fetal nephron progenitor cells is an important determinant of nephron endowment, largely via its effect on UB branching.
A Magnetoelectronic Self-Checkpointing Register File (2007)

We present a design for a register file in which each bit cell contains a bit of non-volatile memory that can be used to checkpoint the bit cell's contents to protect the register file against power supply interruptions. Our design is based on the hybrid Hall effect device, a magnetoelectronic circuit element that is relatively easy to integrate with CMOS circuitry. Because the area of the non-checkpointing register file is limited by wiring tracks, adding checkpointing to the register cell only increases its size by 6%. Similarly, the performance of the checkpointing register file is very close to that of the base design, with only a 10% increase in read/write times due to increased load on the bit lines and register cell.