gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Losartan Reduces Central and Peripheral Sympathetic Nerve Activity in a Rat Model of Neurogenic Hypertension (2002)

We have developed a new model of neurogenic hypertension in the rat, in which hypertension is caused by injecting 50 microL of 10% phenol in the lower pole of one kidney. Administration of phenol in the kidney causes an immediate and persistent rise in blood pressure (BP), norepinephrine (NE) secretion from the posterior hypothalamic nuclei (PH), and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). Because angiotensin II (Ang II) is known to stimulate central and peripheral sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, we have tested the hypothesis that losartan, a specific Ang II AT1 receptor antagonist, may lower BP, at least in part, by SNS inhibition. To this end, we studied the effects of losartan on BP and SNS activity following intrarenal phenol injection. Central SNS activity was measured by NE secretion from the PH using a microdialysis technique, and peripheral SNS activity was measured by direct recording of renal nerve activity. At the end of the experiments, brains were isolated and interleukin (IL)-1beta and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) mRNA gene expression was measured by RT-PCR in the PH, paraventricular nuclei (PVN), and locus ceruleus (LC). The intrarenal injection of phenol raised BP, as well as central and renal SNS activity, but reduced the abundance of IL-1beta and neuronal NOS (nNOS) mRNA in the PH, PVN, and LC. Whether injected intravenously or in the lateral ventricle, losartan caused a significant (P<0.01) and dose-dependent inhibition of the effects of phenol on BP, NE secretion from the PH, and RSNA. Losartan also caused a significant (P<0.01) and dose-dependent rise in IL-1beta and nNOS-mRNA gene expression in the PH, PVN, and LC of phenol-injected rats. In conclusion, these studies have shown that the intrarenal injection of phenol causes a rise in central and renal SNS activity and a decrease in IL-1beta and nNOS-mRNA in the PH, PVN, and LC. Losartan prevented the rise in BP and SNS activity, as well as the decrease in IL-1beta and nNOS mRNA abundance caused by phenol. These studies have demonstrated that the antihypertensive action of losartan in the phenol renal injury model is largely mediated by inhibition of central and peripheral SNS activity and suggest that activation of IL-1beta and nNOS, 2 important modulators of central SNS activity, mediates the inhibitory action of losartan on SNS activity.
Market-based recommendation (2004)

The amount of attention space available for recommending suppliers to consumers on e-commerce sites is typically limited. We present a competitive distributed recommendation mechanism based on adaptive software agents for efficiently allocating the "consumer attention space," or banners. In the example of an electronic shopping mall, the task is delegated to the individual shops, each of which evaluates the information that is available about the consumer and his or her interests (e.g. keywords, product queries, and available parts of a profile). Shops make a monetary bid in an auction where a limited amount of "consumer attention space" for the arriving consumer is sold. Each shop is represented by a software agent that bids for each consumer. This allows shops to rapidly adapt their bidding strategy to focus on consumers interested in their offerings. For various basic and simple models for on-line consumers, shops, and profiles, we demonstrate the feasibility of our system by evolutionary simulations as in the field of agent-based computational economics (ACE). We also develop adaptive software agents that learn bidding-strategies, based on neural networks and strategy exploration heuristics. Furthermore, we address the commercial and technological advantages of this distributed market-based approach. The mechanism we describe is not limited to the example of the electronic shopping mall, but can easily be extended to other domains.
The Safety of Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing With Sensory Testing in an Outpatient Otolaryngology Setting (2003)

Flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing with sensory testing is a safe, well-tolerated procedure to objectively evaluate patients with dysphagia when performed by an experienced speech-language pathologist with an otolaryngologist in attendance in an outpatient office setting.
Rabies and borna disease. A comparative pathogenetic study of two neurovirulent agents. (1993)

These observations allow us to postulate that the synaptic transfer of both viruses likely ensures in the form of bare nucleocapsids (ribonucleoprotein-transcriptase complexes). While in the later phases of replication complete rabies virions are regularly assembled, BDV propagates within the central nervous system in an incomplete form, so that it remains morphologically imperceptible. Thus, BDV may appear in a complete, enveloped form only when exiting the host organism. The dissemination patterns of the two agents may be influenced by specific affinities to neurotransmitter receptor sites. It remains unresolved, why BDV readily infects non-neuronal central nervous system cells, while rabies virus remains restricted to neuronal elements.
Offshore Pipeline Leak Detection With PSLs (2003)

Pressure safety low alarms (PSLs) have been required as a means of pipeline leak detection. PSLs are typically located on the export riser and on each boarding riser of intermediate platforms. The PSL is intended to shut in the production in the event of a pipeline leak. Historical production and leak event data suggest that PSL alarms may not function as expected in all operating situations. The US Minerals Management Service (MMS) commissioned a study to determine PSL operation as a function of produced fluids, line characteristics and other factors. This paper summarizes the findings of this study. The results of this study demonstrate situations in which PSLs can function as prescribed and situations in which PSLs may prove unreliable. The results of this study are significant because offshore pipelines are typically the greatest source of offshore pollution.
Power-performance optimal 64-bit carry-lookahead adders (2004)

A circuit sizing tool that minimizes the delay under energy constraints has been developed using optimisation software, tabulated delay models and analytical energy models. The tool is used to generate energy-delay (E-D) tradeoff curves for selected high-performance 64-bit carry-lookahead adders. The optimisation indicates that the sparse radix-4 carry-lookahead adder with sparseness factor of 2 has optimal performance in the energy-delay space.
TransCryptDFS: A secure distributed Encrypting File System (2010)

Ubiquitous availability and need for transparent remote data access has increased significantly due to increased capacity and widespread availability of computer networks such as Internet. Remote access can be facilitated by storing data at the file server and accessing data as required using distributed file systems (DFS's). This remote access exposes file server, client and data to various on-line and off-line attacks. Off-line attacks to data can be prevented by using Encrypting File System (EFS) such as TransCrypt, NCryptfs, Microsoft EFS, etc. On-line attacks can be handled by using dynamic security mechanisms such as mutual authentication and secure session establishment. In this paper, a secure DFS for providing access to data residing on a TransCrypt server from a client machine is proposed. The proposed DFS is implemented, and can be used transparently and flexibly without requiring any change to the existing applications.
Biological effects of four PSEN1 gene mutations causing Alzheimer disease with spastic paraparesis and cotton wool plaques (2006)

We describe the biological consequences on PSEN1 exons 8 or 9 splicing and Abeta peptides production of four PSEN1 mutations associated with a phenotypic variant of Alzheimer disease, which includes cotton wool plaques and spastic paraparesis (CWP/SP). Two of these mutations (c.869-22_869-23ins18 and c.871A > C, p.T291P) are novel mutations located in intron 8 and exon 9, respectively. The c.869-22_869-23ins18 mutation caused exon 9 skipping whereas the c.871A > C (p.T291P) mutation showed only a modest effect on exon 9 skipping. The previously reported E280G and P264L mutations, located in exon 8, had no effect on mRNA splicing. Infection of cells with mutant T291P, E280G, or P264L cDNAs caused a variable increase in secreted Abeta42. We conclude that none of the previously proposed mechanisms, i.e. exceptionally large increases in secreted Abeta42 levels or loss of PSEN1 exons 8 or 9, provides complete explanation of the CWP/SP phenotype.
Effects of electric fields on the photodetachment cross section of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">−</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>ion near threshold (1988)

A study is presented of the photodetachment cross section of the ${\mathrm{H}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ ion near the one-electron threshold in electric fields ranging from approximately 5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}7}$ up to 2.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}4}$ a.u. The lowest-field data, nominally at zero field, are consistent with the Wigner threshold law for p-wave processes. At larger field values, photodetachment using \ensuremath{\sigma}-polarized laser light displays the expected lowering of apparent threshold and evidence of tunneling. Using \ensuremath{\pi}-polarized light, the same features are seen with the additional feature of oscillations superimposed on the cross section. Three complementary explanations are presented for the oscillations.
<i>Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis</i> sp. nov., an Anaerobic, Extremely Thermophilic, Cellulolytic Bacterium Isolated from Obsidian Pool, Yellowstone National Park (2009)

A novel, obligately anaerobic, extremely thermophilic, cellulolytic bacterium, designated OB47(T), was isolated from Obsidian Pool, Yellowstone National Park, WY. The isolate was a nonmotile, non-spore-forming, Gram-positive rod approximately 2 microm long by 0.2 microm wide and grew at temperatures between 55 and 85 degrees C, with the optimum at 78 degrees C. The pH range for growth was 6.0 to 8.0, with values of near 7.0 being optimal. Growth on cellobiose produced the fastest specific growth rate at 0.75 h(-1). The organism also displayed fermentative growth on glucose, maltose, arabinose, fructose, starch, lactose, mannose, sucrose, galactose, xylose, arabinogalactan, Avicel, xylan, filter paper, processed cardboard, pectin, dilute acid-pretreated switchgrass, and Populus. OB47(T) was unable to grow on mannitol, fucose, lignin, Gelrite, acetate, glycerol, ribose, sorbitol, carboxymethylcellulose, and casein. Yeast extract stimulated growth, and thiosulfate, sulfate, nitrate, and sulfur were not reduced. Fermentation end products were mainly acetate, H2, and CO2, although lactate and ethanol were produced in 5-liter batch fermentations. The G+C content of the DNA was 35 mol%, and sequence analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene placed OB47(T) within the genus Caldicellulosiruptor. Based on its phylogenetic and phenotypic properties, the isolate is proposed to be designated Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis sp. nov. and OB47 is the type strain (ATCC BAA-2073).
Heuristic scheduling concepts for TTCAN networks (2005)

Time-triggered CAN (TTCAN) combines the advantages of eventand time-triggered communication in order to fulfil the requirements of distributed real-time systems. Of crucial importance is thereby the generation of the communication schedule which should consider the demands of the time-triggered system on the one hand, while maintaining a good real-time performance for the event-triggered part of the system on the other. This paper deals with heuristic scheduling concepts for TTCAN networks and carries out a comparison by means of the above mentioned criteria. The suitability of the concepts is evaluated by laboratory measurements. The results enable the derivation of important clues in order to schedule TTCAN networks.
Immunological Basis for Reactivation of Tuberculosis in Mice (2001)

In this study different inbred strains of mice appeared to control and contain a low dose aerosol infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a similar manner, giving rise to a chronic state of disease. Thereafter, however, certain strains gradually began to show evidence of regrowth of the infection, whereas others consistently did not. Using C57BL/6 mice as an example of a resistant strain and CBA/J mice as an example of a strain susceptible to bacterial growth, we found that these animals revealed distinct differences in the cellular makeup of lung granulomas. The CBA/J mice exhibited a generally poor lymphocyte response within the lungs and vastly increased degenerative pathology at a time associated with regrowth of the infection. As a possible explanation for these events, it was then observed that the CBA/J mouse strain was also less able to upregulate adhesion molecules, including CD11a and CD54, on circulating lymphocytes. These results therefore suggest that a failure to control a chronic infection with M. tuberculosis may reflect an inability to localize antigen-specific lymphocytes within the lung.
Cloning and sequencing of the genes encoding Escherichia coli cytolethal distending toxin (1994)

Escherichia coli strains expressing cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) cause elongation of CHO cells at 24 h, followed by progressive cellular distention and death for up to 120 h. Similar distention and cytotoxicity are seen in HeLa, HEp-2, and, to a lesser extent, Vero cells. The initial elongation in CHO cells is indistinguishable from that caused by E. coli heat-labile toxin (LT). In contrast to those from LT strains, supernatants from these strains have no effect on Y-1 adrenal cells. TnphoA was introduced into CDT-positive E. coli E6468/62 (O86:H34), isolated from a child with diarrhea, and 13 CDT-negative transconjugants were identified. DNA probes constructed from DNA flanking the TnphoA insertion sites of CDT-negative mutants were used to identify a CDT-positive clone from an E6468/62 genomic library with a 5.5-kb insert. Exonuclease deletions were created and assayed in CHO cells. In this manner, a 2.3-kb CDT-active region was defined, and the nucleotide sequence was determined. Sequence analysis identified three open reading frames (ORFs), designated cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC. These contain 711, 819, and 570 bp, respectively, and encode polypeptides with predicted molecular masses of 25.5, 29.8, and 20.3 kDa, respectively. Each ORF has a putative signal sequence, and there are 4-bp overlaps between cdtA and cdtB and between cdtB and cdtC. The nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences have no significant homology with those of any previously reported genes or proteins. By in vitro transcription-translation and an anti-alkaline phosphatase immunoblot, native proteins and/or fusion proteins corresponding to each ORF were identified.
Interpretation of force and moment signals for compliant peg-in-hole assembly (2002)

Interpretation of force and moment data is used to guide the searching phase of a circular peg-in-hole assembly. It is shown that the available measurements carry varying quality of information, ambiguous in much of the search space and relatively precise in a small region. By interpreting the history of sensory data acquired during an assembly attempt, reliable interpretation of the data is possible. A feature-based technique is described for interpreting sensory data. Experiments with robotic peg-in-hole assembly demonstrated a speed-up of nearly an order of magnitude relative to a blind search.
Development of a Quantitative Description of Vowel Articulation (1955)

A set of parameters that yield a simple yet reasonably accurate description of the articulation of vowel sounds is developed. The articulatory description is potentially useful in a speech band-width compression system based on the coding of articulatory data. The parameters give information on the position of the tongue constriction, the size of the constriction formed by the tongue, and the dimensions in the vicinity of the mouth opening. An electrical analog of the vocal tract is utilized to obtain experimental relations between the articulatory parameters and the formant frequencies. Contours of vowel articulation are derived from these data. The relation of the contours to classical phonetics is discussed.
Peripheral Arterial Testing Before Lower Extremity Amputation Among Medicare Beneficiaries, 2000 to 2010 (2014)

Rates of evaluation for peripheral arterial disease before amputation were low, and testing varied by patient, provider, and regional characteristics.
Linear and Nonlinear Rheology of Dendritic Star Polymers: Experiment (2008)

The stress relaxation dynamics of a series of second and third generation dendritic star polymers have been investigated experimentally in the linear regime with small amplitude oscillatory shear and also by nonlinear step shear deformations. In linear rheology, the relaxation dynamics of dendritic star melts agree with the expected relaxation hierarchy, where the characteristic tan(δ) minima that appear at high frequency correspond to the faster relaxing parts of the given dendritic topology. On the other hand, the degree of dilution, estimated from the ratio of the second plateau modulus GII to the rubbery plateau modulus GN, was much less than the expectation of the hierarchical theory, which implies a relatively slower rate of dilution due to multiple arms and generations. The nonlinear damping behavior of the second generation dendritic architecture was similar to that of H-shaped/multiarm architectures, featuring a novel damping transition from less strain softening to agreement with the Doi−Edwards damping function as the branch-point withdrawal motion. The third generation dendritic polymers exhibited much weaker strain dependence than second generation samples, suggesting a stronger stretching effect due to multiple branching generations even with arms of a few entanglements at each generation. Such a stretching effect even with small arms at each generation induced extensional hardening in the linear polymer matrix maintaining the shear viscosity.
Fragmentation of <i>o</i>‐nitrodiarylamines on electron impact: Formation of carbazole radical cations (1992)

Abstract The HO · fragment eliminated on electron impact (EI) from the molecular ions of o ‐nitrodiarylamines contains either the amine or the aryl hydrogen. Moreover, 2‐phenylamino‐3‐nitropyridine loses H · from the phenyl group. As confirmed by collision‐activated dissociation mass‐analysed ion kinetic energy spectra, the fragmentation of such compounds involves the formation of carbazole radical cations. Such a process was not observed for the corresponding o ‐aminodiarylamines.
Air Filters For The Face (2014)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTAir Filters For The FaceView Author Information C&EN ChicagoCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2014, 92, 49, 34–38Publication Date (Print):December 8, 2014Publication History Published online31 March 2015Published inissue 8 December 2014https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09249-scitech1Copyright © 2014 Chemical & Engineering NewsArticle Views26Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) SUBJECTS:Chemical warfare,Chlorine,Filtration,Manufacturing Get e-Alerts
Quantum Chemical Investigation of the Electronic Spectra of the Keto, Enol, and Keto−Imine Tautomers of Cytosine (2005)

The low-lying excited singlet states of the keto, enol, and keto-imine tautomers of cytosine have been investigated employing a combined density functional/multireference configuration interaction (DFT/MRCI) method. Unconstrained geometry optimizations have yielded out-of-plain distorted structures of the pi --> pi and n --> pi excited states of all cytosine forms. For the keto tautomer, the DFT/MRCI adiabatic excitation energy of the pi --> pi state (4.06 eV including zero-point vibrational energy corrections) supports the resonant two-photon ionization (R2PI) spectrum (Nir et al. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2002, 5, 4780). On its S1 potential energy surface, a conical intersection between the 1pipi state and the electronic ground state has been identified. The barrier height of the reaction along a constrained minimum energy path amounts to merely 0.2 eV above the origin and explains the break-off of the R2PI spectrum. The 1pipi minimum of the enol tautomer is found at considerably higher excitation energies (4.50 eV). Because of significant geometry shifts with respect to the ground state, long vibrational progressions are expected, in accord with experimental observations. For the keto-imine tautomer, a crossing of the 1pipi potential energy surface with the ground-state surface has been found, too. Its n --> pi minimum (3.27 eV) is located well below the conical intersection between the pi --> pi and S0 states, but it will be difficult to observe because of its small transition moment. The identified conical intersections of the pi --> pi excited states of the keto cytosine tautomers are made responsible for the ultrafast decay to the electronic ground states and thus may explain their subpicoseconds lifetimes.
Sensor-based robotic assembly systems: Research and applications in electronic manufacturing (1983)

The analysis, design, and evaluation of robotic systems for manufacturing applications require understanding of sensing, representation, and manipulation as well as the integration and configuration of computer processors for control of the system. Robotic assembly presents particularly complex research issues due to the physical interactions among workpieces, precise positioning, and complex geometry of the manipulations. This paper presents an overview of research in the Flexible Assembly Laboratory at Carnegie-Mellon University and describes results in force, tactile, and visual sensing, sensor-based control, gripper design, and the configuration of a testbed multirobot integrated system for experiments in assembly of electronic components, using vision for the acquisition and orientation of parts and tactile sensing for assistance in insertion tasks. A joint research program between CMU and Westinghouse Electric Corporation has resulted in the development of the Standard Electronic Assembly Station (SEAS) which integrates a variety of research concepts into a production prototype for circuit board assembly.