gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bending test and interpretation (2003)

The International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures (RILEM) was founded with the aim to promote scientific cooperation in the area of construction materials and structures worldwide. This mission is achieved through collaboration of leading experts in construction practice and science including academics, researchers, industrialists, testing laboratories and authorities.
Infrared Spectroscopy of Tunable Dirac Terahertz Magneto-Plasmons in Graphene (2012)

We present infrared spectroscopy study of plasmon excitations in graphene in high magnetic fields. The plasmon resonance in patterned graphene disks splits into edge and bulk plasmon modes in magnetic fields. Remarkably, the edge plasmons develop increasingly longer lifetimes in high fields due to the suppression of backscattering. Moreover, due to the linear band structure of graphene, the splitting of the edge and bulk plasmon modes develops a strong doping dependence, which differs from the behavior of conventional semiconductor two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) systems. We also observe the appearance of a higher order mode indicating an anharmonic confinement potential even in these well-defined circular disks. Our work not only opens an avenue for the investigation of the properties of Dirac magnetoplasmons but also supports the great potential of graphene for tunable terahertz magneto-optical devices.
Microwave frequency division using transferred-electron devices (1973)

Transferred-electron devices (t.e.d.s), when biased above threshold (Vth) exhibit transit-time or circuit-controlled oscillations. This property of t.e.d.s is used to achieve dynamic division at microwave frequencies. The device is biased at 0.9–0.95 Vth using a d.c. power source, and an input signal of 0.1–0.3 Vth, is used to raise the device bias above threshold level. The division occurs when the input frequency is an integral multiple of the oscillator frequency. We observed dynamic division by 2, 3 and 4 with the output frequency 4.0 GHz. The bandwidth for division by two is 560 MHz referred to the input.
Survival and mortality differences between dementia with Lewy bodies vs Alzheimer disease (2006)

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) increases the risk of mortality compared with Alzheimer disease (AD), but the two groups did not differ in rate of cognitive decline. The greater risk for noncognitive disease progression for DLB compared with AD suggests clinically meaningful differences for the two disorders.
Ion-exchanged Er^3+/Yb^3+ co-doped waveguide amplifiers longitudinally pumped by broad area lasers (2010)

A multimode pumping scheme for Er(3+)/Yb(3+) co-doped waveguide amplifiers based on broad area lasers at around 980 nm is presented. The proposed amplifier is fabricated by ion-exchange (IE) technique on silicate and phosphate glasses. The highly efficient energy transfer from Yb(3+) to Er(3+) ions, combined with the use of low cost and high power broad area laser, allows the realization of high performance and cost-effective integrated amplifiers. The structure has been designed and numerically studied using a 3D finite element modelling tool, and over 3 dB/cm small signal gain has been predicted for an optimized amplifier. Preliminary characterization of an amplifier structure provides a first experimental evidence of the novel multimode longitudinal pumping.
Lateral motion control of four-wheels steering vehicle using a sliding-mode controller (2010)

In this paper a lateral motion control using a sliding-mode controller (SMC) for four-wheels driving and steering (4WDS) vehicle is presented. The lane centerline following by look-ahead techniques is main control performance. The dynamic model of a linear 2 DOF bicycle mode has been taken into account. The advantage of this controller over current control procedure is that it is applicable to a large class of vehicles with single or double steering. The effectiveness of the proposed sliding-mode controller is demonstrated by closed-loop simulation results for 4WDS Seekur robot base.
Inhibition of cell wall turnover and autolysis by vancomycin in a highly vancomycin-resistant mutant of Staphylococcus aureus (1997)

A highly vancomycin-resistant mutant (MIC = 100 microg/ml) of Staphylococcus aureus, mutant VM, which was isolated in the laboratory by a step-pressure procedure, continued to grow and synthesize peptidoglycan in the presence of vancomycin (50 microg/ml) in the medium, but the antibiotic completely inhibited cell wall turnover and autolysis, resulting in the accumulation of cell wall material at the cell surface and inhibition of daughter cell separation. Cultures of mutant VM removed vancomycin from the growth medium through binding the antibiotic to the cell walls, from which the antibiotic could be quantitatively recovered in biologically active form. Vancomycin blocked the in vitro hydrolysis of cell walls by autolytic enzyme extracts, lysostaphin and mutanolysin. Analysis of UDP-linked peptidoglycan precursors showed no evidence for the presence of D-lactate-terminating muropeptides. While there was no significant difference in the composition of muropeptide units of mutant and parental cell walls, the peptidoglycan of VM had a significantly lower degree of cross-linkage. These observations and the results of vancomycin-binding studies suggest alterations in the structural organization of the mutant cell walls such that access of the vancomycin molecules to the sites of wall biosynthesis is blocked.
Opportunistic Relaying in Wireless Networks (2009)

Relay networks having n source-to-destination pairs and m half-duplex relays, all operating in the same frequency band and in the presence of block fading, are analyzed. This setup has attracted significant attention, and several relaying protocols have been reported in the literature. However, most of the proposed solutions require either centrally coordinated scheduling or detailed channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter side. Here, an opportunistic relaying scheme is proposed that alleviates these limitations, without sacrificing the system throughput scaling in the regime of large n. The scheme entails a two-hop communication protocol, in which sources communicate with destinations only through half-duplex relays. All nodes operate in a completely distributed fashion, with no cooperation. The key idea is to schedule at each hop only a subset of nodes that can benefit from multiuser diversity. To select the source and destination nodes for each hop, CSI is required at receivers (relays for the first hop, and destination nodes for the second hop), and an index-valued CSI feedback at the transmitters. For the case when n is large and m is fixed, it is shown that the proposed scheme achieves a system throughput of m/2 bits/s/Hz. In contrast, the information-theoretic upper bound of (m/2) log log n bits/s/Hz is achievable only with more demanding CSI assumptions and cooperation between the relays. Furthermore, it is shown that, under the condition that the product of block duration and system bandwidth scales faster than log n log log n, the achievable throughput of the proposed scheme scales as Theta (log n). Notably, this is proven to be the optimal throughput scaling even if centralized scheduling is allowed, thus proving the optimality of the proposed scheme in the scaling law sense. Simulation results indicate a rather fast convergence to the asymptotic limits with the system's size, demonstrating the practical importance of the scaling results.
Preparation and Polymerization of Some New Aryl Methacrylates<sup>1</sup> (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Polymerization of Some New Aryl Methacrylates1Gene Sumrell, Paul G. Campbell, George E. Ham, and Charles H. SchrammCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 16, 4310–4313Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01525a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01525a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views118Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ODECS - A Computer Code for the Optimal Design of S.I. Engine Control Strategies (1996)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The computer code ODECS (Optimal Design of Engine Control Strategies) for the design of Spark Ignition engine control strategies is presented. This code has been developed starting from the author's activity in this field, availing of some original contributions about engine stochastic optimization and dynamical models.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This code has a modular structure and is composed of a user interface for the definition, the execution and the analysis of different computations performed with 4 independent modules. These modules allow the following calculations: (i) definition of the engine mathematical model from steady-state experimental data; (ii) engine cycle test trajectory corresponding, to a vehicle transient simulation test such as ECE15 or FTP drive test schedule; (iii) evaluation of the optimal engine control maps with a steady-state approach. (iv) engine dynamic cycle simulation and optimization of static control maps and/or dynamic compensation strategies, taking into account dynamical effects due to the unsteady fluxes of air and fuel and the influences of combustion chamber wall thermal inertia on fuel consumption and emissions. Moreover, in the last two modules it is possible to account for errors generated by a non deterministic behaviour of sensors and actuators and the related influences on global engine performances. and compute robust strategies, less sensitive to stochastic effects.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The computer tool ODECS. which is now being used by a major European automotive company, is particularly suitable for theoretical studies on the development of new engine control strategies for the reduction of air-fuel ratio excursions and of emission levels during transient manoeuvre. In an industrial environment the main applications are related to design analysis for the definition of both engine optimal control maps and control system strategies during transients.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The submodels used have been validated through experimental analysis on dynamic test bench, and the results have been presented in previous papers. Further experimental activity is undergoing in order to fully validate the whole code.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In the paper the four models are described together with significant results corresponding to the simulation and the calculation of optimal control strategies for dynamic transient tests.</div>
Modeling power bus decoupling on multilayer printed circuit boards (2002)

Power bus decoupling designs on multilayer printed circuit boards must adequately account for the power bus interplane capacitance and its consequences for the design. Lumped element models for a power bus on a multilayer printed circuit board where an appreciable or entire portion of a layer is devoted to power and ground have been developed. The models are applicable below the distributed resonances of the board. Analytical, circuit simulation, and experimental studies have been conducted to test the models, investigate the effects of the distributed interplane capacitance of the power bus, and the effect of interconnect inductance associated with surface-mount decoupling capacitors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
PRESENTATION ABSTRACTS (1993)

Quality Management in Health Care (QMHC) is a peer-reviewed journal that provides a forum for our readers to explore the theoretical, technical, and strategic elements of health care quality management. The journal's primary focus is on organizational structure and processes as these affect the quality of care and patient outcomes. In particular, it: • Builds knowledge about the application of statistical tools, control charts, benchmarking, and other devices used in the ongoing monitoring and evaluation of care and of patient outcomes; • Encourages research in and evaluation of the results of various organizational strategies designed to bring about quantifiable improvements in patient outcomes; • Fosters the application of quality management science to patient care processes and clinical decision-making; • Fosters cooperation and communication among health care providers, payers and regulators in their efforts to improve the quality of patient outcomes; • Explores links among the various clinical, technical, administrative, and managerial disciplines involved in patient care, as well as the role and responsibilities of organizational governance in ongoing quality management.
Influence of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on memory in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (1992)

This study examined the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on memory in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type. It was hypothesized that, in the early stage of the illness, electrical stimulation could activate the affected cortical regions by stimulating the neurotransmitter systems projecting to these areas. The results reveal that electrical stimulation improves the verbal long-term memory in these patients. Moreover, verbal fluency improves more in patients who received electrical stimulation than in patients who received control treatment. However, electrical stimulation does not influence the visual long-term memory of the patients, nor does it affect their verbal and nonverbal short-term memory. Underlying theoretical mechanisms are discussed.
Multi-point vibrotactile feedback for an expressive musical interface (2015)

This paper describes the design of a hardware/software system for rendering multi-point, localized vibrotactile feedback in a multi-touch musical interface. A prototype was developed, based on the Madrona Labs Soundplane, which was chosen for it provides easy access to multi-touch data, including force, and its easily expandable layered construction. The proposed solution makes use of several piezo actuator discs, densely arranged in a honeycomb pattern on a thin PCB layer. Based on off-the-shelf components, custom amplifying and routing electronics were designed to drive each piezo element with standard audio signals. Features, as well as electronic and mechanical issues of the current prototype are discussed.
Testing of a Centrifugal Blood Pump With a High Efficiency Hybrid Magnetic Bearing (2003)

The purpose of this article is to present test results for a second generation, high efficiency, nonpulsatile centrifugal blood pump that is being developed for use as a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). The LVAD pump uses a hybrid passive-active magnetic bearing support system that exhibits extremely low power loss, low vibration, and high reliability under transient conditions and varying pump orientations. A unique feature of the second generation design configuration is the very simple and direct flow path for both main and washing blood flows. The pump was tested in both vertical and horizontal orientations using a standard flow loop to demonstrate the performance and durability of the second generation LVAD. Steady state and transient orientation pump operating characteristics including pressure, flow, speed, temperatures, vibration, and rotor orientation were measured. During the tests, pump performance was mapped at several operating conditions including points above and below the nominal design of 5 L/min at 100 mm Hg pressure rise. Flow rates from 2 to 7 L/min and pressure rises from 50 to 150 mm Hg were measured. Pump speeds were varied during these tests from 2,500 to 3,500 rpm. The nominal design flow of 5 L/min at 100 mm Hg pressure rise was successfully achieved at the design speed of 3,000 rpm. After LVAD performance testing, both 28 day continuous duty and 5 day transient orientation durability tests were completed without incident. A hydrodynamic backup bearing design feasibility study was also conducted. Results from this design study indicate that an integral hydrodynamic backup bearing may be readily incorporated into the second generation LVAD and other magnetically levitated pump rotors.
Efficient simplicial reconstructions of manifolds from their samples (2002)

An algorithm for manifold learning is presented. Given only samples of a finite-dimensional differentiable manifold and no a priori knowledge of the manifold's geometry or topology except for its dimension, the goal is to find a description of the manifold. The learned manifold must approximate the true manifold well, both geometrically and topologically, when the sampling density is sufficiently high. The proposed algorithm constructs a simplicial complex based on approximations to the tangent bundle of the manifold. An important property of the algorithm is that its complexity depends on the dimension of the manifold, rather than that of the embedding space. Successful examples are presented in the cases of learning curves in the plane, curves in space, and surfaces in space; in addition, a case when the algorithm fails is analyzed.
Automated 3D vision guided bin picking process for randomly located industrial parts (2015)

Bin picking has been a research topic for years because of the challenges in image processing, robot motion planning and tool system. However, much of the existing work is not applicable to most real world bin picking problems because they are too simplistic or not robust enough for industrial use. In this paper, we developed a robust random 3D bin picking system by integrating the vision system with the robotics system. The vision system identifies the location of candidate parts, then the robot system validates if one of the candidate parts is pickable; if a part is identified as pickable, then the robot will pick up this part and place it accurately in the right location. An ABB IRB2400 robot with an IRC5 controller was chosen for picking up the parts. A 3D vision system was used to locate the parts. Experimental results demonstrated that the system can successfully pick up randomly placed parts in an industrial setting. This system provides a practical and robust solution for the industrial applications that require 3D random bin picking.
Construction of approximate entropic forces for finitely extensible nonlinear elastic (FENE) polymers (1994)

Abstract When the stress applied to a Rouse‐like polymer chain is large enough, one must use anharmonic entropic spring forces in order to keep the chain contour length from increasing to unphysical values. Although one can derive “exact” equations relating the spring extension to the entropic force produced by a finitely extensible non‐linear elastic (FENE) random‐walk polymer, such expressions are usually of little interest because their complexity would entail large evaluation times in numerical studies by computer. Moreover, these expressions can rarely be used directly in analytical studies. In this article, we describe a systematic method to construct analytically simple yet numerically accurate expressions to relate the entropic force to the extension of an entropic spring for a random‐walk polymer chain in arbitrary dimension d ≥ 2. These expressions are modified Pade approximants which yield the correct asymptotic behaviours in both the small and large extension limits. It is shown that the well‐known Warner empirical approximation is but a limiting case (for infinite dimensions).
Optimal control approach to production systems with inventory-level-dependent demand (2002)

Demand occasionally depends positively on the amount of displayed stock, especially in the case of novelty or impulse purchase items. Such inventory-level dependence of demand rate has been incorporated into some continuous review inventory control models, but only ones with demand rate which does not vary with time, no shortages, infinite production rate and per-unit-time cost minimization. We propose an optimal control model which relaxes all these assumptions. That model generalizes a known optimal control model by adding inventory-level dependence of demand to the state dynamics. The framework is one of discounted profit maximization. We apply the maximum principle and obtain three possible singular regimes. The special case of time-invariant demand is solved explicitly. The uncapacitated case is analyzed in detail for a "wave-mode" time dependence of demand, and a numerical example is given.
Reasons Why Few Patients With Acute Stroke Receive Tissue Plasminogen Activator (2006)

Despite the US Food and Drug Administration's approval in 1996, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) therapy for acute ischemic stroke remains substantially underused. We reviewed 3 potential reasons for low rates of tPA use: poor patient education, physicians' perceived risk of legal liability from negative patient outcomes, and insufficient reimbursement. The recent addition of diagnosis-related grouping code 559 will provide higher payment for stroke patients treated with tPA, creating a natural experiment to examine our third reason.
Dispersions of Non-Covalently Functionalized Graphene with Minimal Stabilizer (2012)

We demonstrate that functionalized pyrene derivatives effectively stabilize single- and few-layer graphene flakes in aqueous dispersions. The graphene/stabilizer yield obtained by this method is exceptionally high relative to conventional nanomaterial stabilizers such as surfactants or polymers. The mechanism of stabilization by pyrene derivatives is investigated by studying the effects of various parameters on dispersed graphene concentration and stability; these parameters include stabilizer concentration, initial graphite concentration, solution pH, and type and number of functional groups and counterions. The effectiveness of the pyrene derivatives is pH-tunable, as measured by zeta potential, and is also a function of the number of functional groups, the electronegativity of the functional group, the counterion, the relative polarity between stabilizer and solvent, and the distance from the functional group to the basal plane. Even if the dispersion is destabilized by extreme pH or lyophilization, the graphene does not aggregate because the stabilizer remains adsorbed on the surface. These dispersions also show promise for applications in graphene/polymer nanocomposites (examined in this paper), organic solar cells, conductive films, and inkjet-printed electronic devices.