gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neutralization of IL-18 Reduces Neutrophil Tissue Accumulation and Protects Mice Against Lethal <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> Endotoxemia (2000)

In addition to stimulating IFN-gamma synthesis, IL-18 also possesses inflammatory effects by inducing synthesis of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF and IL-1beta and the chemokines IL-8 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha. We hypothesized that neutralization of IL-18 would have a beneficial effect in lethal endotoxemia in mice. IL-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-deficient mice, lacking the ability to process mature IL-18 and IL-1beta, were completely resistant to lethal endotoxemia induced by LPS derived from either Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhimurium. In contrast, both wild-type and IL-1beta-/- mice were equally susceptible to the lethal effects of LPS, implicating that absence of mature IL-18 or IFN-gamma but not IL-1beta in ICE-/- mice is responsible for this resistance. However, IFN-gamma-deficient mice were not resistant to S. typhimurium LPS, suggesting an IFN-gamma-independent role for IL-18. Anti-IL-18 Abs protected mice against a lethal injection of either LPS. Anti-IL-18 treatment also reduced neutrophil accumulation in liver and lungs. The increased survival was accompanied by decreased levels of IFN-gamma and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 in anti-IL-18-treated animals challenged with E. coli LPS, whereas IFN-gamma and TNF concentrations were decreased in treated mice challenged with S. typhimurium. In conclusion, neutralization of IL-18 during lethal endotoxemia protects mice against lethal effects of LPS. This protection is partly mediated through inhibition of IFN-gamma production, but mechanisms involving decreased neutrophil-mediated tissue damage due to the reduction of either chemokines (E. coli LPS) or TNF (S. typhimurium LPS) synthesis by anti-IL-18 treatment may also be involved.
Helicobacter pylori causes DNA damage in gastric epithelial cells (2000)

Helicobacter pylori infection has been considered as a risk factor for gastric carcinoma. Strong evidence exists that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in carcinogenesis, and in vivo investigations have shown increased synthesis of ROS in the gastric mucosa of H.pylori-infected patients. In the present study the direct effects of H.pylori on ROS and DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis and DNA repair were investigated in the gastric epithelial cell lines AGS and HM02. Incubation of gastric cells with H.pylori extract induced the synthesis of ROS, diminished the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), induced DNA fragmentation and increased DNA synthesis in gastric cells. Poly(ADP-ribose) formation was increased in gastric cells exposed to H.pylori extract. FACS analysis of gastric cells exposed to H.pylori extract did not reveal any change in the percentage of cells in the G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle. The radical scavengers MnTBAP (a cell permeable superoxide dismutase mimic), ebselen (a GSH peroxidase mimic) and high doses of catalase completely blocked H.pylori extract-induced elevation in DNA synthesis. Our results indicate that H.pylori extract directly induces the synthesis of ROS in gastric epithelial cells and causes DNA damage.
Interaction of Heat Shock Protein 70 Peptide with NK Cells Involves the NK Receptor CD94 (2003)

Full-length Hsp70 protein (Hsp70) and the C-terminal domain of Hsp70 (Hsp70C) both stimulate the cytolytic activity of naive natural killer (NK) cells against Hsp70-positive tumor target cells. Here, we describe the characterization of Hsp70-NK cell interaction with binding studies using the human NK cell line YT. Binding of recombinant Hsp70 protein (Hsp70) and the C-terminal domain of Hsp70 (Hsp70C) to YT cells is demonstrated by immunofluorescence studies. A phenotypic characterization revealed that none of the recently described HSP-receptors (alpha2-macroglobulin receptor CD91, Toll-like receptors 2, 4, 9, CD14) are expressed on YT cells. Only the C-type lectin receptor CD94 is commonly expressed by YT cells and Hsp70 reactive NK cells. A correlation of the cell density-dependent, variable CD94 expression and the binding capacity of Hsp70 was detected. Furthermore, Hsp70 binding could be completely abrogated by preincubation of YT cells with a CD94-specific antibody. Competition assays using either unlabeled Hsp70 protein or an unrelated protein (GST) in 20-fold excess and binding studies with escalating doses of Hsp70 protein provide evidence for a specific and concentration-dependent interaction of Hsp70 with YT cells. In addition to Hsp70 and Hsp70C, a 14-mer Hsp70 peptide termed TKD is known to exhibit comparable stimulatory properties on NK cells. Similar to full-length Hsp70 protein (10 microg/ml-50 microg/ml), a specific binding of this peptide to YT cells was observed at 4 degrees C, at equivalent concentrations (2.0 microg/ml-8.0 microg/ml). Following a 30 min incubation period at 37 degrees C, membrane-bound Hsp70 protein and Hsp70 peptide TKD were completely taken up into the cytoplasm.
Monochromatic short pulse laser produced ion beam using a compact passive magnetic device (2014)

High-intensity laser accelerated protons and ions are emerging sources with complementary characteristics to those of conventional sources, namely high charge, high current, and short bunch duration, and therefore can be useful for dedicated applications. However, these beams exhibit a broadband energy spectrum when, for some experiments, monoenergetic beams are required. We present here an adaptation of conventional chicane devices in a compact form (10 cm × 20 cm) which enables selection of a specific energy interval from the broadband spectrum. This is achieved by employing magnetic fields to bend the trajectory of the laser produced proton beam through two slits in order to select the minimum and maximum beam energy. The device enables a production of a high current, short duration source with a reproducible output spectrum from short pulse laser produced charged particle beams.
Charged amino‐acid residues in transmembrane domains of the plastidic ATP/ADP transporter from <i>Arabidopsis</i> are important for transport efficiency, substrate specificity, and counter exchange properties (2000)

Structure-function relationships of the plastidic ATP/ADP transporter from Arabidopsis thaliana have been determined using site-directed mutants at positions K155, E245, E385, and K527. These charged residues are found within highly conserved domains of homologous transport proteins from plants and bacteria and are located in predicted transmembrane regions. Mutants of K155 to K155E, K155R, or K155Q reduced ATP transport to values between 4 and 16% of wild-type uptake, whereas ADP transport was always less then 3% of the wild-type value. Site-directed mutations in which glutamate at positions 245 or 385 was replaced with lysine, abolished transport. However, conservative (E245D, E385D) or neutral (E245Q, E385Q) replacement at these two positions allowed transport. The fourth reciprocal exchange, K527E, also abolished uptake of both adenylates. K527R and K527Q were unable to transport ATP, but ADP transport remained at 35 and 27%, respectively, of the wild-type activity. There was a 70-fold decreased apparent affinity of K527R for ATP, but only a twofold decrease for ADP. The efflux of ATP, but not ADP, was also greatly reduced in K527R. These observations show strikingly that K527 plays a role in substrate specificity that is manifest in both the influx and efflux components of this antiporter.
Synthesizing Chemical Plant Operation Procedures using Knowledge, Dynamic Simulation and Deep Reinforcement Learning (2019)

Chemical plants are complex and dynamical systems consisting of many components for manipulation and sensing, whose state transitions depend on various factors such as time, disturbance, and operation procedures. For the purpose of supporting human operators of chemical plants, we are developing an AI system that can semi-automatically synthesize operation procedures for efficient and stable operation. Our system can provide not only appropriate operation procedures but also reasons why the procedures are considered to be valid. This is achieved by integrating automated reasoning and deep reinforcement learning technologies with a chemical plant simulator and external knowledge. Our preliminary experimental results demonstrate that it can synthesize a procedure that achieves a much faster recovery from a malfunction compared to standard PID control.
Amino acid sequence of crayfish (Astacus fluviatilis) carboxypeptidase B (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmino acid sequence of crayfish (Astacus fluviatilis) carboxypeptidase BKoiti Titani, Lowell H. Ericsson, Santosh Kumar, Frank Jakob, Hans Neurath, and Robert ZwillingCite this: Biochemistry 1984, 23, 6, 1245–1250Publication Date (Print):March 13, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 13 March 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00301a035https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00301a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electro-Optic Tunable Filter (1981)

This paper describes the performance characteristics of an electronically tunable optical filter based on the electro-optic effect. Like the acousto-optic tunable filter, this device operates by selectively coupling principal polarizations in a birefringent crystal at a phase-matched wavelength by means of a spatially periodic refractive index perturbation. Instead of a traveling acoustic wave, however, the electro-optic tunable filter employs a temporally static electric field. The main advantages of this filter are its very low power consumption and its versatility of passband programming, by virtue of sepa-rately addressable voltages under microprocessor control. Two basic embodiments of the filter structure are described, one using longitudinal fields collinear with the light beam, the other using transverse fields in a "thick waveguide" configuration. Various examples of passband synthesis are described that result from apodizing the amplitude of the applied electric field perturbations. Experimental results of filter transfer characteristics at visible wavelengths are presented for the basic transfer function, for passband broadening, and for sidelobe suppression, together with theoretical computer plots showing excellent agreement. Typical driver voltages are 50 to 100 V.
Design and Test of Non-Rotating Ceramic Gas Turbine Components (1988)

This paper deals with elements of an on-going ceramics research and development program at a major manufacturer of turbine engines for general aviation and commuter aircraft. The program comprises design and test of non-rotating, ceramic components for two widely used turboprop engines. The design, analysis and test of three components are discussed: a simple ceramic turbine shroud, a metal and ceramic turbine shroud, and an all ceramic nozzle vane assembly. Fabrication and assembly of these components are described. A discussion of non-destructive evaluation and component prooftesting includes a prooftest strategy that seeks to retain the stronger half of a sample of specimens. Candidate ceramics, silicon carbide and silicon nitride, are assessed and chosen as the shroud and vane materials. The paper also includes assessment of improvements in fuel efficiency, specific power and operating cost, some based on test results and some on analysis.
Requirement for autoinducer in transcriptional negative autoregulation of the Vibrio fischeri luxR gene in Escherichia coli (1989)

The effect of a mutation in luxI (autoinducer synthetase gene) on transcription of luxR in the cloned Vibrio fischeri lux system (luxR, luxICDABE) was examined in Escherichia coli. For the luxI mutant, transcription from the luxR promoter (monitored with beta-galactosidase levels from a luxR::lacZ fusion, with LuxR supplied in trans) decreased fivefold, to levels of the luxI+ strain, only in the presence of added autoinducer. The results demonstrate that, as has been shown at the translational level, autoinducer is required for negative autoregulation of luxR at the transcriptional level.
Isolation of New Metabolites from<i>Aspergillus sydowi</i>and Structure of Sydowic Acid (1975)

Four new metabolites have been isolated from Aspergillus sydowi and named sydowic acid, sydowinin A, sydowinin B, and sydowinol, respectively. Sydowic acid, C15H20O4, forms colorless needles, mp 151°C, [α]d–6.4°. Sydowinin A, C16H12O6, forms pale yellow needles, mp 218~220°C. Sydowinin B, C16H12O7, forms yellow needles, mp 220°C. Sydowinol C16H14O7, forms yellow needles, mp 157~159°C, [α]d–51° The structure of sydowic acid was shown to be represented by formula I on the basis of spectroscopic data.
Predictions of ultraharmonic oscillations in coupled arrays of limit cycle oscillators (2006)

Coupled distinct arrays of nonlinear oscillators have been shown to have a regime of high frequency, or ultraharmonic, oscillations that are at multiples of the natural frequency of individual oscillators. The coupled array architectures generate an in-phase high-frequency state by coupling with an array in an antiphase state. The underlying mechanism for the creation and stability of the ultraharmonic oscillations is analyzed. A class of interarray coupling is shown to create a stable, in-phase oscillation having frequency that increases linearly with the number of oscillators, but with an amplitude that stays fairly constant. The analysis of the theory is illustrated by numerical simulation of coupled arrays of Stuart-Landau limit cycle oscillators.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Photochemical Behavior of {Ru(arene)}<sup>2+</sup>Derivatives of α-[PW<sub>11</sub>O<sub>39</sub>]<sup>7-</sup>:  An Organometallic Way to Ruthenium-Substituted Heteropolytungstates (2005)

Reaction of [Ru(arene)Cl(2)](2) (arene = benzene, toluene, p-cymene, hexamethylbenzene) with K(7)[PW(11)O(39)].14H(2)O provided two series of organometallic derivatives of heteropolytungstates: type-1 and type-2 complexes of general formulas [PW(11)O(39){Ru(arene)(H(2)O)}](5-) and [{PW(11)O(39){Ru(arene)}}(2){WO(2)}](8-), respectively. All compounds were characterized by infrared and multinuclear NMR ((1)H, (31)P, (183)W) spectroscopies. The crystal structures of Na(4)K(4)[{PW(11)O(39){Ru(benzene)}}(2){WO(2)}].6H(2)O (NaK-2a.6H(2)O), K(7)H[{PW(11)O(39){Ru(toluene)}}(2){WO(2)}].4H(2)O (K-2b.4H(2)O), and Cs(3)K(2)[PW(11)O(39){Ru(p-cymene)(H(2)O)}].4H(2)O (CsK-1c.4H(2)O) were obtained and revealed that the {Ru(arene)} fragment is supported on the oxometallic framework. Photochemical reactivity of [PW(11)O(39){Ru(arene)(H(2)O)}](5-) (arene = toluene, p-cymene) in the presence of various ligands L (L = H(2)O, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetramethylene sulfoxide, and diphenyl sulfoxide) was investigated, and led to the formation of [PW(11)O(39){Ru(L)}](5-), in which the ruthenium is incorporated into the lacunary [PW(11)O(39)](7-) anion.
Polyvinylidene Flouride Polymer Applied in an Intraocular Pressure Sensor (2005)

An indentation intraocular pressure sensor (IIOPS) was designed and manufactured. It is based on piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films. This sensor will help in the detection and diagnosis of intraocular pressure (IOP) in eye diseases like glaucoma. The pressure in the normal aqueous and vitreous phases is, on average, 15.5 mmHg and up of 21 mmHg when glaucoma exists. The proposed IIOPS offers a measurement range from 10–29 mmHg with a resolution of 1 mmHg and an accuracy of ±0.025.
Reduction of boron diffusion in silicon by 1 MeV 29Si+ irradiation (1991)

Reduction of the transient diffusion of B, implanted in Si along [100] at 10 keV to a dose of 1×1013/cm2, after annealing at 900 °C for 10 s has been observed in samples irradiated with 1.0 MeV 29Si ions to a dose of 5×1013/cm2 or higher. A lower Si dose did not influence the transient B tail diffusion. Secondary defects formed near the peak of the 1 MeV Si damage distribution, for doses of 5×1013/cm2 and higher, act as efficient sinks for interstitials from shallower depths and thereby reduce the transient tail diffusion.
Waveguide transport mediated by strong coupling with atoms (2017)

We investigate single-photon scattering properties in a one-dimensional waveguide coupled to a quantum emitter's chain with dipole-dipole interaction (DDI). The photon transport is extremely sensitive to the location of the evanescently coupled atoms. The analytical expressions of reflection and transmission amplitudes for the chain containing two emitters with DDI are deduced by using a real-space Hamiltonian. Two cases, where the two emitters symmetrically or asymmetrically couple to the waveguide, are discussed in detail. It shows that the reflection and transmission typical spectra split into two peaks due to the DDI. The Fano minimum in the spectra can be used to estimate the strength of the DDI. Furthermore, the DDI makes spectra strongly asymmetric and creates a transmission window in the region where there was zero transmission. The scattering spectra for the chain consisting of multiple emitters are also given. Our key finding is that DDI can broaden the frequency bandwidth for high reflection when the chain consists of many emitters.
On the Accuracy of Hyper-local Geotagging of Social Media Content (2015)

Social media users share billions of items per year, only a small fraction of which is geotagged. We present a data-driven approach for identifying non-geotagged content items that can be associated with a hyper-local geographic area by modeling the location distributions of n-grams that appear in the text. We explore the trade-off between accuracy and coverage of this method. Further, we explore differences across content received from multiple platforms and devices, and show, for example, that content shared via different sources and applications produces significantly different geographic distributions, and that it is preferred to model and predict location for items according to their source. Our findings show the potential and the bounds of a data-driven approach to assigning location data to short social media texts, and offer implications for all applications that use data-driven approaches to locate content.
Video Summarization Based on Camera Motion and a Subjective Evaluation Method (2007)

International audience
Subspace blind adaptive detection for multiuser CDMA (2000)

Direct adaptive realizations of the linear minimum mean-square error (MMSE) receiver for direct-sequence code-division multiple access possess the attractive feature of not requiring any explicit information of interference parameters such as timing, amplitudes, or spreading sequences; however, they need a training sequence for the desired user. Previously, a new blind adaptive receiver was proposed based on an anchored least mean-squared (LMS) algorithm that requires only the spreading code and symbol timing of the desired user but obviates the need for a training sequence. In this work, it is analytically demonstrated that the blind LMS algorithm always provides (nominally) faster convergence than the training driven LMS-MMSE receiver of but at the cost of increased tap-weight fluctuations or misadjustment. Second, the property that the optimal MMSE or minimum-output energy filter coefficients lies in the signal subspace is exploited to propose a new efficient blind adaptive receiver requiring fewer adaptive coefficients. Improved detector characteristics (superior convergence rates and steady-state signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratios) is indicated by analysis and supported by simulation.
Mixed Query Image Retrieval System (2007)

This paper discusses a proposed mixed query image and text retrieval database, combining text-based search technology and image content-based search technology for more accurate results. The target application will be aimed at large, categorized image sets, such as large image collections of libraries or patent offices. It can be shown that this mixed query image search engine, can achieve better efficiency and higher quality than traditional text-based queries and content-based systems. This paper will discuss the designing principle of the mixed query image search engine, outline the architecture and show results from an initial prototype database.
Trends in use of opioids for non-cancer pain conditions 2000–2005 in Commercial and Medicaid insurance plans: The TROUP study (2008)

Opioids are widely prescribed for non-cancer pain conditions (NCPC), but there have been no large observational studies in actual clinical practice assessing patterns of opioid use over extended periods of time. The TROUP (Trends and Risks of Opioid Use for Pain) study reports on trends in opioid therapy for NCPC in two disparate populations, one national and commercially insured population (HealthCore plan data) and one state-based and publicly-insured (Arkansas Medicaid) population over a six year period (2000-2005). We track enrollees with the four most common NCPC conditions: arthritis/joint pain, back pain, neck pain, headaches, as well as HIV/AIDS. Rates of NCPC diagnosis and opioid use increased linearly during this period in both groups, with the Medicaid group starting at higher rates and the HealthCore group increasing more rapidly. The proportion of enrollees receiving NCPC diagnoses increased (HealthCore 33%, Medicaid 9%), as did the proportion of enrollees with NCPC diagnoses who received opioids (HealthCore 58%, Medicaid 29%). Cumulative yearly opioid dose (in mg. morphine equivalents) received by NCPC patients treated with opioids increased (HealthCore 38%, Medicaid 37%) due to increases in number of days supplied rather than dose per day supplied. Use of short-acting Drug Enforcement Administration Schedule II opioids increased most rapidly, both in proportion of NCPC patients treated (HealthCore 54%, Medicaid 38%) and in cumulative yearly dose (HealthCore 95%, Medicaid 191%). These trends have occurred without any significant change in the underlying population prevalence of NCPC or new evidence of the efficacy of long-term opioid therapy and thus likely represent a broad-based shift in opioid treatment philosophy.
Chemistry of Indoles Carrying a Basic Function, Part 3<sup>1</sup> Synthesis of Spiro[cyclopropane‐1,3′[3<i>H</i>]indol]‐2′(1′<i>H</i>)‐ones with Antihypoxic Effects (1996)

Hydroxyindolones (1-6, 15-16) were transformed into isatinylidenes (7, 9-13, 17-19) by dehydration with 4-toluenesulfonic acid. The dimer-type compounds (14, 20) were also isolated in a few cases. The obtained isatinylidenes were transformed into 3-spiro-cyclopropane-oxindoles (21-32) with dimethyloxosulfonium methylide. Compound 22 shows protective effects against hypobaric hypoxia and triethyltin induced brain edema.