gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hybridization Cross-Reactivity within Homologous Gene Families on Glass cDNA Microarrays (2001)

Glass cDNA microarrays can be used to profile the expression of thousands of gene targets in a single experiment. However, the potential for hybridization cross-reactivity needs to be considered when interpreting the results. Here, we describe hybridization experiments with a model array representing four distinct functional classes (families): chemokines, cytochrome P-450 isozymes, G proteins, and proteases. The cDNA clones selected for this array exhibited pairwise sequence identities ranging from 55% to 100%, as determined by a homology scoring algorithm (LALIGN). Targets for microarraying were amplified by PCR and spotted in 4-fold replication for signal averaging. One designated target from each family was further amplified by PCR to incorporate a T7 promoter sequence for the production of synthetic RNA transcripts. These transcripts were used to generate fluorescent hybridization probes by reverse transcription at varying input concentrations. As expected, hybridization signals were highest at the matching target elements. Targets containing less than 80% sequence identity relative to the hybridization probe sequences showed cross-reactivities ranging from 0.6% to 12%. Targets containing greater than 80% identity showed higher cross-reactivities (26%-57%). These cross-reactive signals were analyzed for statistical correlation with the length of sequence overlap, percent sequence identity, and homology score determined by LALIGN. Overall, percent sequence identity was the best predictor of hybridization cross-reactivity. These results provide useful guidelines for interpreting glass cDNA microarray data.
Mechanisms of injury in bacterial meningitis (2010)

Brain damage in bacterial meningitis leading to long-term neurologic sequelae and death is caused by several mechanisms. Bacterial invasion and the release of bacterial compounds promote inflammation, invasion of leukocytes and stimulation of microglia. Leukocytes, macrophages and microglia release free radicals, proteases, cytokines and excitatory amino acids, finally leading to energy failure and cell death. Vasculitis, focal ischemia and brain edema subsequent to an increase in cerebrospinal fluid outflow resistance, breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and swelling of necrotic cells cause secondary brain damage.
Evidence for increased risk of secondary graft failure after in vivo depletion of suicide gene-modified T lymphocytes transplanted in conjunction with CD34+-enriched blood stem cells (2004)

Evidence for increased risk of secondary graft failure after in vivo depletion of suicide gene-modified T lymphocytes transplanted in conjunction with CD34 -enriched blood stem cells
Production of Polycolonal Antibody and Optimum Conditions in ELISA for Metalaxyl (1994)

A competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was developed to detect and quantify levels of the fungicide metalaxyl in crops. Antiserum against metalaxyl was demonstrated in rabbits immunized with metalaxyl-human serum albumin(HSA) conjugate. Metalaxyl-protein conjugate was prepared by mixed anhydride and peptide coupling method with EDC. In this assay, metalaxyl-ovalbumin(OA) was on the microtiter plate, which was incubated for 1 hr at or 4 hr at with diluted antiserum(1:2,000). The optimum volume ratio of antigen and antibody mixture was 0.5: 1, which was incubated for 1 hr at . The detection of metalaxyl bound on the surface of wells was determined by the reaction(30 min) of antirabbit Ig G-peroxidase conjugate with its substrate.
The Application of Super Capacitors to relieve Battery-storage systems in Autonomous Renewable Energy Systems (2007)

The utilization of wind and sun as renewable sources causes uncontrollable fluctuations in power generation. Furthermore, the ratio between peak power and average power is high for systems with a limited number of households. In small autonomous renewable energy systems (ARES), energy storage is needed; however, the use of Lead-acid batteries as energy buffers is problematic, since it is not possible to cover fast power fluctuations without dramatically reducing the batteries' lifetime. In this paper Super Capacitors are applied to relieve fast changes in the battery storage system. Batteries are used to meet the energy requirements and Super Capacitors are used to meet the instantaneous power demand. At the end of this paper, a sizing method is proposed for the Super Capacitor system.
Massive graph visualization : LDRD final report. (2007)

Graphs are a vital way of organizing data with complex correlations. A good visualization of a graph can fundamentally change human understanding of the data. Consequently, there is a rich body of work on graph visualization. Although there are many techniques that are effective on small to medium sized graphs (tens of thousands of nodes), there is a void in the research for visualizing massive graphs containing millions of nodes. Sandia is one of the few entities in the world that has the means and motivation to handle data on such a massive scale. For example, homeland security generates graphs from prolific media sources such as television, telephone, and the Internet. The purpose of this project is to provide the groundwork for visualizing such massive graphs. The research provides for two major feature gaps: a parallel, interactive visualization framework and scalable algorithms to make the framework usable to a practical application. Both the frameworks and algorithms are designed to run on distributed parallel computers, which are already available at Sandia. Some features are integrated into the ThreatView{trademark} application and future work will integrate further parallel algorithms.
SCHWEFELVERBINDUNGEN DES ERDÖLS XXII.<sup>1</sup> ALKYL-10,11-DIHYDRODIINDENO-[1,2-b:2′,1′-d]THIOPHENE (1994)

Abstract The one-pot syntheses of alkyl-10,11-dihydrodiindeno[1,2-b:-2′,1′-d]thiophenes (3) by bromination and sulfurization of alkylindan-1-ones without substituents at C-2 (1) has been studied with 14 1 with C1-C1-rests at the benzene and or the cyclopentane ring. 9 dialkyl-3 and 3 tetraalkyl-3, are prepared in yields of 7–66%; an octamethyl-3 is detected by tlc and ms. 2 dialkyl-3 are prepared too by an independent syntheses from dimethyl 2,5-bis(methylphenyl)thiophene-3,4-dicarboxylates (13). The mechanism of the one-pot syntheses, which gives diindeno-1,4-dithiines too, is discussed. The oxidation of 4 3 has been studied. Die Eintopfsynthese von Alkyl-10,11-dihydrodiindeno[1,2-b:2′-1′-d]thiophenen (3) durch Bromierung und Schwefelung von Alkylindan-1-onen ohne Substituenten an C-2 (1) ist mit 14 1 mit C1-C4-Resten am Benzol- und oder am Cyclopentanring untersucht worden. 9 Dialkyl-3 und 3 Tetralkyl-3 werden in Ausbeuten von 7–66% dargestellt; ein Octamethyl-3 wird mit DC und MS nachgewiesen. 2 Dialkyl-3 werden auch nach einer unabhängigen Synthese aus Dimethyl-2,5-bis(methylphenyl)thiophen-3,4-dicarboxylaten (13) synthetisiert.- Der Mechanismus der Eintopfsynthese, bei der auch Diindeno-1,4-dithiine auftreten, wird diskutiert.- Die Oxidation von 4 3 ist untersucht worden.
Identification of two regions of beta G spectrin that bind to distinct sites in brain membranes. (1994)

This study analyzed the complex interactions of intact spectrin with bovine brain membranes by evaluating membrane associations of defined regions of beta G spectrin, the subunit responsible for high affinity membrane binding. Two regions of beta G spectrin were expressed in bacteria and demonstrated to contain fully functional binding site(s) for a subset of spectrin-binding sites in brain membranes depleted of peripheral proteins. One region, located near the NH2 terminus, was comprised of 106-residue repeats and required repeats 2-7 for full activity. The other binding domain was located at the COOH terminus, which is the most variable between beta G and beta R spectrins, is distinct from the 106-residue repeats, and contains a pleckstrin homology domain. NH2-terminal beta spectrin polypeptides interacted with a membrane site(s) that recognized both brain and erythrocyte isoforms of spectrin, was inhibited by calcium/calmodulin, and was not blocked by the COOH-terminal polypeptide. The COOH-terminal region associated with a membrane site(s) that was specific for brain spectrin, was not inhibited by calcium/calmodulin, and was not blocked by the NH2-terminal polypeptide. These observations demonstrate membrane association of spectrin with at least two independent sites, which differ with regard to regulation by calcium/calmodulin and in selectivity for spectrin isoforms.
Risk of incident diabetes among patients treated with statins: population based study (2013)

Compared with pravastatin, treatment with higher potency statins, especially atorvastatin and simvastatin, might be associated with an increased risk of new onset diabetes.
Novel optical distance sensor based on MSM technology (2003)

This paper describes a novel distance-sensor concept based on photodiodes in metal-semiconductor-metal technology (MSM). MSM photodiodes can be operated as opto-electronic mixers (OEM) functioning similar to the so-called photonic mixing device (PMD). This paper employs the correlation techniques previously used with the PMD to the MSM. First experimental results obtained with the MSM inserted into the authors' standard lab setup previously used for PMD testing are provided Additionally different configurations well suited for mixer operation of the MSM are pointed out. Throughout this paper, the similarities of PMD and MSM are pointed out as well as the key differences.
Synthesis of certain tricyclic quinoline derivatives as potential antiamebal agents (1967)

Abstract Synthesis of the fused tricyclic systems, 1, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5‐hexahydropyrrolo[1, 2a]quinoline (I) and 2, 3, 4, 4a, 5, 6‐hexahydro 1 H ‐benzo[ c ]quinolizine (II), each bearing an ethoxyl substituent on the benzene ring, has been achieved. The compounds combine certain structural features of the alkaloid emetine and of 8‐quinolinols.
El taller como antecedente formativo de la Escuela de Trabajo Social de la Universidad de Costa Rica (2011)

Este artículo expone críticamente las influencias latinoamericanas y nacionales que se entrecruzaron en el planteamiento del Taller como base pedagógica de la educación del Trabajo Social en la Universidad de Costa Rica en la década de los años setentas del siglo XX. El Taller fue considerado como una estrategia de aprendizaje que integraría la teoría con la práctica, que estimularía el trabajo grupal de forma horizontal desafiando la clásica educación bancaria y estrecharía los vínculos de los y las estudiantes con los grupos populares.
Thermodynamic and transport studies of mixed oxides. The CeO<sub>2</sub>–UO<sub>2</sub>system (1987)

The electrical properties of CeO2–UO2 solid solutions are examined as a function of temperature, oxygen partial pressure and Ce/U ratio. A defect model is presented for this system which illustrates the manner in which CeO2- and UO2-rich solid solutions can be induced to cross over the stoichiometric composition to oxygen excess and deficiency, respectively, by the addition of the minor component and thereby give access to defect regimes not normally accessible. The electrical conductivity data for U-doped CeO2 solid solutions are shown to be in good agreement with predictions and thereby enable derivation of key parameters including those controlling generation of oxygen frenkel defects, doubly ionized oxygen vacancies and electrons by reduction and electron mobilities. Independent confirmation of the model is obtained from oxygen self-diffusion measurements. Measurements on Ce-doped UO2 give qualitative agreement with the model predictions but disagree in detail owing to significant defect clustering.
Intermediate language extensions for parallelism (2011)

An Intermediate Language (IL) specifies a program at a level of abstraction that includes precise semantics for state updates and control flow, but leaves unspecified the low-level software and hardware mechanisms that will be used to implement the semantics. Past ILs have followed the Von Neumann execution model by making sequential execution the default, and by supporting parallelism with runtime calls for lower-level mechanisms such as threads and locks. Now that the multicore trend is making parallelism the default execution model for all software, it behooves us as a community to study the fundamental requirements in parallel execution models and explore how they can be supported by first-class abstractions at the IL level.
Discrete crosslinked fibrin microthread scaffolds for tissue regeneration (2007)

In this study, we report on the development of discrete fibrin microthreads as well as novel scaffolds composed of arrays of fibrin threads. These scaffolds exhibit mechanical properties that are significantly greater than fibrin gels and cellular responses suggesting that the materials are conducive to the development of organized, aligned tissues. Fibrin microthreads were produced by coextruding solutions of 70 mg/mL fibrinogen and 6 U/mL thrombin through small diameter polyethylene tubing. Uncrosslinked fibrin microthreads averaged 55-65 microm in hydrated diameter and achieved ultimate tensile strengths approaching 4.5 MPa. The strengths and stiffnesses of the microthreads were approximately twofold greater when the materials were treated with exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. Although UV crosslinking attenuated fibroblast proliferation, uncrosslinked fibrin microthreads supported fibroblast attachment, proliferation, and alignment, suggesting that they represent a viable biomaterial for the aligned regeneration of tissues. Because of the physiologic roles of fibrin matrices in the early phase of wound healing, we anticipate that these fibrin-based microthreads will direct the spatially and temporally complex processes of cell-mediated tissue ingrowth and regeneration.
Determination of Organic Compounds by IR/ATR Spectroscopy with Polymer-Coated Internal Reflection Elements (1990)

The possibility of quantitative determination of organic compounds in aqueous solution or in the gaseous phase by FT-IR/ATR spectroscopy by the aid of polymer-covered internal reflection elements has been studied. In general this method has three effects: (1) exclusion of water from the measurement, (2) lowering of the limit of detection because of the continuous and reversible enrichment of organic compounds, and (3) reduction of the half-width of the absorption bands for gases by insertion of the molecules in a polymer film. The enrichment of some halogenated hydrocarbons in three different polymer materials was used to determine the concentrations of these substances in water by IR spectroscopy with very good limits of detection (sometimes less than 1 mg/dm 3 ). In all cases a linear relationship between concentration of the sample and apparent extinction of the absorption band of interest is recorded. The time constants for 90% saturation of the polymer are several seconds for measurements of gases and some minutes for aqueous solutions, depending on the polymer material and the character of the substance.
Adaptive Anisotropic Regularization of Deformation Fields for Non-Rigid Registration (2010)

Abstract—Image registration is a crucial task in many applications and applied in a variety of different areas. In addition to the primary task of image alignment, the deformation field is valuable when studying structural/volumetric changes in the brain. In most applications a regularizing term is added to achieve a smoothly varying deformation field. This can sometimes cause conflicts in situations of local complex deformations. In this paper we present a regularizer, which aims at handling local complex deformations while maintaining an overall smooth deformation field. It is based on an adaptive anisotropic regularizer and its usefulness is demonstrated by two examples, one synthetic and one with real MRI data. I.
Virtual training for live fire naval gunfire support (2002)

The large-caliber gun has long been a mainstay of naval warfare. Although high-tech weapon systems such as advanced antisubmarine torpedoes, "smart" missiles, and sophisticated electronics grab all the headlines, the gun remains a potent means of influencing events both at sea and ashore. One of the most important functions of the large caliber gun is in support of Naval Surface Fire Support-those strike operations that enable amphibious assaults. Typical missions include shore-based spotter calls for fire against enemy soldiers, mechanized convoys, and threat weapon bunkers during the critical initial period when the Marines are first ashore. Termed Naval Gunfire Support (NGFS), training for such missions has traditionally been conducted on a limited number of land-based gunnery ranges in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Recently, however, this situation has changed and become a critical training deficiency: the range at Kahoalawe, HI was closed in 1993 for Hawaiian religious and environmental reasons, the range on San Clemente Island, CA, is being re-examined from an environmental perspective, and the range on Vieques Island, Puerto Rico, has been severely restricted because of an unfortunate accident. To meet this need, the Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division, Newport has developed a virtual training capability for live fire Naval Gunfire Support that is in place in Hawaii and being considered for the Middle Atlantic Region. It is based on firing at a virtual target located on the surface of the sea and detecting hit points acoustically. Above-surface and illumination rounds are scored optically. This paper examines the system performance requirements, technical approach, and operational considerations involved with the proposed Middle Atlantic Region virtual gunnery range.
The evolution of spiropyran: fundamentals and progress of an extraordinarily versatile photochrome (2019)

Spiropyrans have played a pivotal role in the emergence of the field of chromism following their discovery in the early 20th century, with almost ubiquitous use in materials applications especially since their photochromism was discovered in 1952. Their versatility continues to lend them to application in increasingly diverse fields not least due to recent discoveries of properties that have expanded their utility extensively. This review provides an overview of their rich history and highlights the contemporary relevance of the spiropyrans.
E.N.T. advances. (1972)

hibitor and Fast Red TR salt solution in 3% aqueous dupanol as colour index.The results are summarized in the Table.Number IAbnor-Genetic Disorder Exam-mal ined Cases % i-thalassaemia trait .. 156 27 17-3 Hb A, increased (>335%) 156 25 16-0 g I thal.(Hb F > 5%) 156 2 1-3 -6-PD deficiency . . . . . . . . .
Immunogenicity in mice and rhesus monkeys vaccinated with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing bivalent E7E6 fusion proteins from human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 (2011)

The recombinant vaccinia virus rVVJ16/18E7E6 can generate clear and significant cellular immunity in both mice and rhesus monkeys. These data provide a basis for the use of this recombinant virus as a potential vaccine candidate for further study.
Copolymers of ω-Pentadecalactone and Trimethylene Carbonate from Lipase Catalysis:  Influence of Microstructure on Solid-State Properties (2002)

Unusual copolymers were prepared by Candida antarctica Lipase B (Novozyme-435) catalyzed copolymerization of ω-pentadecalactone (PDL) with trimethylene carbonate (TMC). Atypical solid-state properties were revealed by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction analyses. Thermal degradation of poly(PDL−TMC) occurs in two steps: the first well above the degradation range of poly(TMC) and the other at a temperature (430 °C) comparable with that of poly(PDL) decomposition. Thermal stability of PDL−TMC copolymers increases with randomization of comonomer distribution. All poly(PDL−TMC) investigated are highly crystalline, even those with equimolar comonomer content and close-to-random distribution. This result indicates that PDL and TMC units cocrystallize. The copolymers show two melting processes: the higher one at about 90 °C, i.e., close to poly(PDL) melting, and the other 30 °C lower. The relative intensity of the two phenomena changes with copolymer microstructure. The X-ray diffraction patterns of poly(PDL−TMC) are practically identical to that of poly(PDL) in the range 10° < 2θ < 80°. Significant differences appear in the low-angle region below 2θ = 10°, indicating in some copolymers the presence of crystals with higher periodicity than poly(PDL) along the chain direction. Comparison of DSC and X-ray results with copolymer microstructure shows that two crystal phases can develop in poly(PDL−TMC): poly(PDL) crystals andwhenever a significant amount of heterodiads are presentanother lower melting crystal phase, characterized by a larger fiber axis periodicity and possibly associated with crystallization of alternate PDL−TMC sequences.
Structure and Stereochemistry of Diels-Alder Adducts of Levopimaric Acid (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and Stereochemistry of Diels-Alder Adducts of Levopimaric AcidNoah J. Halbrook, Ray V. Lawrence, Robert L. Dressler, Robert C. Blackstone, and Werner HerzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 5, 1017–1021Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1964https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01028a008RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views195Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (697 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fuzzy photovoltaic system connected to distribution network radial line-voltage correction, economic assessment (2003)

PV generation is chosen to be added to an existing utility system. The proposed PV system containing a fuzzy controlled converter will be examined in view of variable insolation level and variable loading, where the synchronization process of the PV-system with the utility grid system, its configuration and performance will be assessed. The study has shown an inverse relationship between the variation in both the converter duty cycle and in available insolation. The study indicates the effect of PV-module configuration on the duty cycle. A cascaded converter configuration will be required to make it possible to transfer all the available PV generation to the grid and connect the D.C. load and source at specified voltage level. An economic assessment is presented to evaluate the system feasibility.