gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Skin cancer in Egypt: A word in your ear (2005)

In Egypt, skin cancer is uncommon malignancy. As compared to Western societies, the incidence rate of melanoma is very low and its topographic distribution is different. Alternatively, the rates for SCCs/BCCs are comparably high and their topographic distribution is similar. This is the first investigation that reports the clinicopathologic features of skin cancer in Egypt and compares it to other parts of Africa and Western societies.
Physical Activity, Ambulation, and Motor Impairment Late after Stroke (2011)

Objective. To assess walking capacity and physical activity using clinical measures and to explore their relationships with motor impairment late after stroke. Subjects. A nonrandomised sample of 22 men and 9 women with a mean age of 60 years, 7-10 years after stroke. Methods. Fugl-Meyer Assessment, maximum walking speed, 6 min walk test, perceived exertion, and heart rate were measured, and the Physiological Cost Index was calculated. Physical activity was reported using The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly. Results. Mean (SD) 6 min walking distance was 352 (±136) m, and Physiological Cost Index was 0.60 (±0.41). Self-reported physical activity was 70% of the reference. Motor impairment correlated with walking capacity but not with the physical activity level. Conclusion. It may be essential to enhance physical activity even late after stroke since in fairly young subjects both walking capacity and the physical activity level were lower than the reference.
<i>Myo</i>‐Inositol: a marker of reactive astrogliosis in glial tumors? (2007)

In a prospective study, two-dimensional (1)H-MRS with TE of 30 ms was performed before surgery in 56 patients with glial brain tumors. Concentrations of myo-inositol (MI), trimethylamine (TMA) and creatine/phosphocreatine (tCr) were evaluated for the whole tumor and scaled to the normal-appearing contralateral brain tissue. To assign changes in MI to specific tissue pathology, the normalized peak and mean concentrations of MI were correlated with TMA and tCr concentrations. TMA is accepted as a marker of proliferating tumor tissue, and tCr might be a marker of reactive astrogliosis. The mean and peak concentrations of MI and tCr correlated positively (r = 0.7), but not the concentrations of MI and TMA. The absolute concentration of MI was significantly increased in all tumor tissues (5.55 +/- 2.92 mM; mean +/- SD) compared with the normal-appearing white matter (4.33 +/- 1.22 mM, p = 0.005), with the highest concentrations for gliomatoses (n = 10) and grade II oligoastrocytomas (n = 3). Significant differences (P = 0.004) between low- and high-grade astrocytomas were found for TMA (1.67 +/- 0.32 mM and 2.65 +/- 0.86 mM, respectively), but not for MI (5.92 +/- 1.98 mM and 5.49 +/- 3.27 mM, respectively). As increased MI and tCr concentrations were found in gliomatosis and other cerebral diseases associated with marked astrogliosis, this process may also be responsible for the observed changes in MI in other glial tumors.
Marketing Knowledge Management in strategic adoption of a CRM solutions: global supports and applications in Europe (2005)

From the beginning of the 1990s, the business world has been talking about Knowledge Management (KM). Information Technologies (network technologies and local databases) have provided new tools to better perform the activity of using (codify and store) and sharing knowledge (modern Knowledge Management System). Technology can help to enable greater process standardization and automation in the Knowledge Integration among the marketing processes. The first core point of this article is to identify the key areas where technology can drive greater efficiency and effectiveness on the development of the relational softwares as Customer Relationship Management. The second key point is the analysis and the creation of a future scenario based on a KM-based Customer Relationship Management framework throughout the integration between strategic and operative supports
HF-MIMO Antenna Array Design and Optimization (2016)

MIMO as a new antenna array communication technology has been widely applied in modern communications, especially within UHF/VHF band. After several experimental campaigns, E.M. Warrington and S.D. Gunashekar proved that MIMO techniques could also be applicable within HF band. Further experiments showed that traditional widely spaced homogeneous antenna arrays could be replaced by co-located heterogeneous antenna arrays without significant reductions in data transmission rate. In other words, radiation pattern diversity can be used as a new kind of MIMO diversity to replace spatial diversity.\nIn order to get a better understanding of this phenomenon, antenna modelling using numerical electromagnetics code (NEC) has been carried out in last three years. The study showed that phase difference difference (PDD) between collocated antenna array elements could be the key factor of radiation pattern diversity. The correlation level between array elements can be reduced with increased PDD between these elements. Several transmitting antenna arrays have been developed according to this study and tested via a 202 km radio link between Leicester and Lancaster. The experimental campaigns showed that the newly designed antenna arrays have a significantly increased de-correlation level between array elements compared with traditional antenna arrays. High performance computing (HPC) was used in the antenna modelling in order to investigate the relationship between antenna array geometry and phase difference difference. Several optimized antenna arrays with large phase difference difference were recommended from tens of million of different antenna geometries.\nThis research gives the new direction of HF-MIMO antenna array design: in theory aspect, it clearly specifies what kind of pattern needs to be targeted in order to get decorrelation using pattern diversity; in antenna modelling aspect, HPC was for the first time applied in HF-MIMO antenna array design, which provided a brand new high level of computing platform for the future modelling work.
Structure of electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase and electron transfer to the mitochondrial ubiquinone pool (2006)

Electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF-QO) is a 4Fe4S flavoprotein located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It catalyzes ubiquinone (UQ) reduction by ETF, linking oxidation of fatty acids and some amino acids to the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Deficiencies in ETF or ETF-QO result in multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, a human metabolic disease. Crystal structures of ETF-QO with and without bound UQ were determined, and they are essentially identical. The molecule forms a single structural domain. Three functional regions bind FAD, the 4Fe4S cluster, and UQ and are closely packed and share structural elements, resulting in no discrete structural domains. The UQ-binding pocket consists mainly of hydrophobic residues, and UQ binding differs from that of other UQ-binding proteins. ETF-QO is a monotopic integral membrane protein. The putative membrane-binding surface contains an alpha-helix and a beta-hairpin, forming a hydrophobic plateau. The UQ-flavin distance (8.5 A) is shorter than the UQ-cluster distance (18.8 A), and the very similar redox potentials of FAD and the cluster strongly suggest that the flavin, not the cluster, transfers electrons to UQ. Two possible electron transfer paths can be envisioned. First, electrons from the ETF flavin semiquinone may enter the ETF-QO flavin one by one, followed by rapid equilibration with the cluster. Alternatively, electrons may enter via the cluster, followed by equilibration between centers. In both cases, when ETF-QO is reduced to a two-electron reduced state (one electron at each redox center), the enzyme is primed to reduce UQ to ubiquinol via FAD.
The Art of 'Goography' - Using Google to Teach Geography (2009)

The different ways in which Google can be used to teach geography are discussed. The best way to get the maximum out of Google Earth and benefit is highlighted.
An evaluation of possession information in playfield zones from soccer video using mid-level descriptors (2008)

In this paper, we propose a method to acquire the possession information in different zones of the playfield from soccer video by using view type and playfield zone mid-level descriptors. First, each video frame is classified into three kinds of view type according to a domain-specific feature, grass area ratio and series of classification rules. Then, the classified frames are used to determine the currently active playfield zone in the match. The history of active playfield zones is post processed to acquire the possession information in playfield zones during the game. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method are demonstrated over a large collection of soccer video data with different stadiums and conditions.
The oncogenic transcription factor c-Jun regulates glutaminase expression and sensitizes cells to glutaminase-targeted therapy (2016)

Many transformed cells exhibit altered glucose metabolism and increased utilization of glutamine for anabolic and bioenergetic processes. These metabolic adaptations, which accompany tumorigenesis, are driven by oncogenic signals. Here we report that the transcription factor c-Jun, product of the proto-oncogene JUN, is a key regulator of mitochondrial glutaminase (GLS) levels. Activation of c-Jun downstream of oncogenic Rho GTPase signalling leads to elevated GLS gene expression and glutaminase activity. In human breast cancer cells, GLS protein levels and sensitivity to GLS inhibition correlate strongly with c-Jun levels. We show that c-Jun directly binds to the GLS promoter region, and is sufficient to increase gene expression. Furthermore, ectopic overexpression of c-Jun renders breast cancer cells dependent on GLS activity. These findings reveal a role for c-Jun as a driver of cancer cell metabolic reprogramming, and suggest that cancers overexpressing JUN may be especially sensitive to GLS-targeted therapies.
Neuromedin U in the Paraventricular and Arcuate Hypothalamic Nuclei Increases Non‐Exercise Activity Thermogenesis (2006)

Brain neuromedin U (NMU) has been associated with the regulation of both energy intake and expenditure. We hypothesized that NMU induces changes in spontaneous physical activity and nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) through its actions on hypothalamic nuclei. We applied increasing doses of NMU directly to the paraventricular (PVN) and arcuate hypothalamic nuclei using chronic unilateral guide cannulae. In both nuclei, NMU significantly and dose-dependently increased physical activity and NEAT. Moreover, NMU increased physical activity and NEAT during the first hour of the dark phase, indicating that the reduction of sleep is unlikely to account for the increased physical activity seen with NMU treatment. As a positive control, we demonstrated that paraventricular NMU also significantly decreased food intake, as well as body weight. These data demonstrate that NMU is positively associated with NEAT through its actions in the PVN and arcuate nucleus. In co-ordination with its suppressive effects on feeding, the NEAT-activating effects of NMU make it a potential candidate in the combat of obesity.
Novel Ocular Drug Delivery Systems: An Update on Microemulsions (2020)

Sufficient ophthalmic drug delivery is still challenging for pharmaceutical technologists, despite various scientific efforts. Several ocular drug carriers have been designed to enhance bioavailability by prolonging the drug retention time. One of the current encouraging approaches is the utilization of colloidal carriers with the characteristic submicron-nanometer size. Microemulsions (MEs) are such colloid systems that present sizes between 5 and 200 nm with significant thermodynamic stability and low surface tension. In addition, MEs as topical ocular carriers can lead to great ocular drug adsorption due to their enhanced retention time. Furthermore, considering that MEs are stable for long time and various temperatures, their ocular application is of great interest. The aim of this study is to cover basic physicochemical principals of ocular MEs such as their possible size, stability, and therapeutic efficacy against various eye disorders. Thus, a comprehensive review for ocular drug delivery systems in the form of MEs that show promising characteristics as their stability and therapeutic efficiency is performed.
Actuating methods of quasistatic micromirrors for active focus variation (2008)

For zoom and focus applications in the UV and IR spectral range mirrors with actively deformable surfaces are promising for reflective adaptive optics as an alternative to refractive optics. To realise an adjustable focus length interval from infinity to the centimetre range the needed surface deformation can be described by a hemisphere. For shorter focus lengths and optical on-axis applications the parabolic shape has to be used. The actuation principle of a quasistatic micromirror with actively deformable surface can be realised using electrostatic, thermo-mechanic, piezoelectric or electromagnetic effects. This paper compares electrostatic, thermo-mechanic and piezoelectric actuation methods for deformable micromirrors. Thereby models of curved thin plates and estimations on power consumption for low frequency or quasistatic operation are discussed. Due to the low power consumption and the low driving voltage, the piezoelectric effect is determined as most promising driving principle for devices used in mobile applications.
Asymmetrical trapezoidal grating efficiency (1987)

The diffraction efficiency behavior of reflection gratings with an asymmetrical trapezoidal groove profile has been studied. Theoretical calculations predict that at certain grating parameters superior efficiency compared to the conventional ruled gratings can be achieved.
Long‐term replication of Epstein‐Barr virus‐derived episomal vectors in the rodent cells (2000)

Plasmids containing the origin of replication, oriP, of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and EBV nuclear antigen-1 genes replicate extrachromosomally in primate cells. However, these plasmids have been believed not to replicate in rodent cells. We demonstrate here that these plasmids can replicate in some types of rodent cells over a long period. This result should offer not only the new insight into the mechanisms of species-specific replication of EBV, but also the possibility that an EBV-based vector can be used for gene transfer experiments in non-primate cells and an animal experiment regarding human gene therapy.
Psychiatric disorders and clinical correlates of suicidal patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital in Tokyo (2010)

Features of the studied sample were the high prevalence of affective disorders, anxiety disorders and borderline PD, a variety of SB methods used prior to admission and frequent SB repetition in the lifetime history. Gender and age appeared to have an influence on SB method selection and SB-preceding processes. The findings have important implications for assessment and treatment of psychiatric suicidal patients.
Ribosomal association of the yeast <i>SAL4 (SUP45)</i> gene product: implications for its role in translation fidelity and termination (1992)

The SAL4 gene of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a novel translation factor (Sal4p) involved in maintaining translational fidelity. Using a polyclonal antibody raised against a Sal4p-beta-galactosidase fusion protein, Sal4p was shown to be almost exclusively associated with the ribosomal fraction. Even when the ribosomes were treated with 0.8 M KCl, only low levels of Sal4p were detected in the post-ribosomal supernatant, suggesting a very strong affinity between Sal4p and the ribosome. Analysis of the distribution of Sal4p in the ribosomal population revealed that it was principally associated with 40S subunits, monosomes and polysomes. Incubation in high salt concentrations (0.8 M KCl) suggested that the affinity of Sal4p for the 40S subunit was lower than that for monosomes or polysomes. The Sal4p:ribosome association was only maintained when ribosomes were prepared in the presence of the translation elongation inhibitor cycloheximide; in uninhibited cells much lower levels of Sal4p were detectable in the 'run-off' polysomes. In view of these data, and given the stoichiometry of Sal4p to individual ribosomal proteins (estimated at less than 1:20), we suggest that Sal4p plays an ancillary role in translation termination.
Schemes for fault identification in communication networks (1995)

A single fault in a large communication network may result in a large number of fault indications (alarms) making the isolation of the primary source of failure a difficult task. The problem becomes worse in cases of multiple faults. In this paper we present an approach for modelling the problem of fault diagnosis. We propose a graph based network model that takes into account the dependencies among the different objects in the telecommunication environment and a novel approach to estimate the domain of an alarm. Based on that model, we design an algorithm for fault diagnosis and analyze its performance with respect to the accuracy of the fault hypotheses it provides. We also propose and analyze a fault diagnosis algorithm suitable for systems for which an independent failure assumption is valid. Finally, we examine the importance of the information of dependency between objects for the fault diagnosis process.
연구논문 : 소셜네트워크의 특성이 소셜커머스 사이트의 신뢰와 구매의도에 미치는 영향 (2011)

최근 소셜커머스라고 불리는 전자상거래 비즈니스 모델은 소셜네트워크 서비스를 통해 고객과의 상호작용을 이끌어내면서 새롭게 각광받고 있다. 본 연구는 최근 이슈가 되고 있는 소셜커머스 사이트의 신뢰와 구매의도에 영향을 미치는 요인이 소셜네트워크의 대표적인 특성인 사회성과 개인화에 있다는 것을 실증 분석함으로써 향후 소셜커머스 사이트의 신뢰와 구매의도를 개선하기 위한 시사점을 제공하는 데 목적이 있다. 분석결과 소셜네트워크의 사회성은 소셜커머스 사이트의 신뢰와 구매의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며. 소셜커머스 사이트의 신뢰는 구매의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 소셜네트워크의 개인화는 소셜커머스 사이트의 신뢰에 긍정적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났으나 소셜커머스 사이트의 구매의도에는 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 국내 소셜커머스 사이트가 고객들의 신뢰를 얻기 위해 소셜네트워크 서비스에 표현되는 개인의 다양성이나 개성과 같은 개인화 요소들을 적극 활용하지 못하는 현재의 서비스 상황을 반영하는 결과라고 해석할 수 있겠다
Management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding emergencies: evidence-based medicine and practical consideration (2011)

Acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding remains one of the most common encounters in emergency medicine. The increased use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs by the general population and the increased prescription of anti-platelet agents and anti-coagulants after cardiovascular interventions and for prevention of cerebral vascular accidents may have aggravated the situation. Significant progress has been made in the past decade or so in the non-surgical management of acute upper GI bleeding emergencies. This article will review the current standard treatment of the most common upper GI bleeding emergencies in adults as supported by evidence-based medicine with practical considerations from the authors' own practice experience.
State-of-Health Estimation of Li-ion Batteries: Cycle Life Test Methods (2012)

Despite a rapid development, cost, performance and durability of the energy storage system are still a hindrance for a wide commercialisation of heavy-duty hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). The purpose of the work presented in this thesis is to investigate how different load cycle properties affect the cycle life and ageing processes of Li-ion cells developed for use in HEVs.The cycle life of commercial LiFePO4/graphite Li-ion cells was tested using a range of operating conditions and battery load cycles based on conditions relevant to heavy-duty HEVs. Established methods for cell performance evaluation have been combined with half-cell measurements and analysis methods such as incremental capacity analysis, differential voltage analysis and impedance spectroscopy to characterise the cell ageing in terms of capacity fade, power fade and impedance rise. Furthermore, a simplified cell fade model is used to distinguish between different likely ageing mechanisms.Loss of cyclable lithium is found to be the main contribution to ageing during the first phase of cycling, followed by an accelerated loss of active anode material towards the end of the battery cycle life. The longest lifetime is observed for cells cycled with low peak currents and a narrow SOC range. In addition, high charge current is found to affect the cycle life profoundly. On the contrary, a moderate temperature increase did not result in a shorter cycle life.Despite similarities in average current and SOC range, the load cycle properties are found to have a significant effect on the ageing characteristics, indicating that a more detailed evaluation of load cycle properties is needed to enable a cycle life estimation model.
THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF HOPS A REVIEW (1981)

The composition of essential oil of hops is reviewed and the nature of hop oil components which survive into wort and beer is discussed. Methods which are available to the brewer for imparting hop character to beer are critically evaluated.
The natural history of neuroblastic cells in the fetal adrenal gland. (1974)

A study was made of neuroblastic nodules of the human adrenal gland in fetal life to determine their embryonic morphology and derivation. One hundred sixty-nine glands from 92 fetuses selected from 106 consecutively submitted fetuses formed the basis of this study. All adrenal glands examined contained neuroblastic nodules. They increased in number and maximum size with increasing age, peaked at 17 to 20 weeks gestational age, and regressed in the oldest fetuses. It is concluded that such neuroblastic nodules are an integral part of the normal morphogenesis of the adrenal gland. Their presence at birth and early infancy may represent a normal variation, and they do not necessarily constitute microscopic incipient malignancy.
Iodine-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Benzylic Alcohols (2008)

Corrected by: Iodine-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Benzylic AlcoholsSynlett 2008; 2008(07): e3-e3DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1072585
Facial Feature Embedded CycleGAN for VIS-NIR Translation (2019)

VIS-NIR face recognition remains a challenging task due to the distinction between spectral components of two modalities and insufficient paired training data. Inspired by the CycleGAN, this paper presents a method aiming to translate VIS face images into fake NIR images whose distributions are intended to approximate those of true NIR images, which is achieved by proposing a new facial feature embedded CycleGAN. Firstly, to learn the particular feature of NIR domain while preserving common facial representation between VIS and NIR domains, we employ a general facial feature extractor (FFE) to replace the encoder in the original generator of CycleGAN. For implementing the facial feature extractor, herein the MobileFaceNet is pretrained on a VIS face database, and is able to extract effective features. Secondly, the domain-invariant feature learning is enhanced by considering a new pixel consistency loss. Lastly, we establish a new WHU VIS-NIR database which varies in face rotation and expressions to enrich the training data. Experimental results on the Oulu-CASIA NIR-VIS database and the WHU VIS-NIR database show that the proposed FFE-based CycleGAN (FFE-CycleGAN) outperforms state-of-the-art VIS-NIR face recognition methods and achieves 96.5\% accuracy.