gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of NUDEL (nuclear distribution element-like)-oligopeptidase activity by disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (2005)

Recently, nuclear distribution element-like (NUDEL) has been implicated to play a role in lissencephaly and schizophrenia through interactions with the lissencephaly gene 1 (Lis1) and disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) products, respectively. Interestingly, NUDEL is the same protein as endooligopeptidase A (EOPA), a thiol-activated peptidase involved in conversion and inactivation of a number of bioactive peptides. In this study, we have cloned EOPA from the human brain and have confirmed that it is equivalent to NUDEL, leading us to suggest a single name, NUDEL-oligopeptidase. In the brain, the monomeric form of NUDEL-oligopeptidase is responsible for the peptidase activity whose catalytic mechanism is likely to involve a reactive cysteine, because mutation of Cys-273 fully abolished NUDEL-oligopeptidase activity without disrupting the protein's secondary structure. Cys-273 is very close to the DISC1-binding site on NUDEL-oligopeptidase. Intriguingly, DISC1 inhibits NUDEL-oligopeptidase activity in a competitive fashion. We suggest that the activity of NUDEL-oligopeptidase is under tight regulation through protein-protein interactions and that disruption of these interactions, as postulated in a Scottish DISC1 translocation schizophrenia cohort, may lead to aberrant regulation of NUDEL-oligopeptidase, perhaps providing a substrate for the pathology of schizophrenia.
Questões de linguagem nas Cantigas de Santa Maria, de Afonso X (2000)

Após uma breve referência a estudos já realizados sobre a linguagem das Cantigas de Santa Maria, de D. Afonso X, o trabalho tenta explicar o uso do galego-português pelo monarca castelhano, procurando caracterizar a língua e o estilo afonsino por seus traços gerais e destacandotrês das suas estruturas sintáticas mais salientes: a eliticização, o anacoluto e o hipérbato.
microRNA-29b: an Emerging Player in Human Cancer (2014)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ubiquitously expressed small, non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at a post transcriptional/translational level. They have emerging as playing crucial roles in cancer at all stages ranging from initiation to metastasis. As a tumor suppressor miRNA, aberrant expression of microRNA-29b (miR-29b) has been detected in various types of cancer, and its disturbance is related with tumor development and progression. In this review, we summarize the latest findings with regard to the tumor suppressor signature of miR-29b and its regulatory mechanisms. Our review highlights the diverse relationships between miR-29b and its target genes in malignant tumors.
Environment-dealing with the data deluge (1993)

The problem of making a flood of remote sensing data readily accessible to a growing international community of global-change researchers and policy makers is discussed. The ambitious data and information system being built by the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), with assistance from other agencies, is described. Called the Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS), it will manage the mountains of EOS and Earth-science satellite data and will also handle the harvesting and sharing of information, the dissemination of ideas, and the establishment of a community of collaborators that will be professionally close-knit but geographically dispersed both in the United States and elsewhere.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cerium oxide nanoparticles embedded thin-film nanocomposite nanofiltration membrane for water treatment (2018)

In this paper, a new approach to synthesize thin-film nanocomposite membranes using cerium oxide (CeO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles (NPs) by pre-seeding interfacial polymerization method was reported. Prepared membranes were examined using contact angle, molecular weight cut-off (MWCO), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning probe microscopy (SPM) to observe its hydrophilicity, pore size, morphology, surface chemistry, and roughness, respectively. Surface charges of the prepared membranes were also qualitatively calculated with the help of contact angle measurements by using the Grahame equation. MWCO studies revealed >90% polyethylene glycol (M.W. 1500 Da) rejection, which was fitted in the range of nanofiltration. By increasing the concentration of CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs, flux (33.12 to 41.28 L/m<sup>2</sup>h), hydrophilicity (77.3 to 51.1°) and surface charges (-7.58 to -13.39 mC/m<sup>2</sup>) of the membranes was successfully improved, and also showed the high (>90%) salt rejections. The CeO<sub>2</sub> embedded membrane was also found out in successful prevention from the attack of bacteria (Escherichia coli) compared to pure polyamide (PA) membrane and confirmed through SEM and viable cell count method. The membrane performances were also evaluated using seawater for fouling study and found that CeO<sub>2</sub> embedded surface increased the rejection of hydrophobic contaminants, and notably reduced the fouling.
New family of bulk-acoustic-wave devices employing interdigital transducers (1977)

An important new family of acoustic wave devices is described which has the simplicity, versatility and planar construction of s.a.w. devices, together with the attractive properties of bulk-wave devices, including high velocity, low attenuation, good temperature stability and insensitivity to surface contamination.
The benefits of smoking cessation : review (2015)

Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of mortality, responsible for nearly six million deaths worldwide. The three major causes of smoking-related mortality are atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. Smokers also benefit from quitting smoking even after the development of smoking-related diseases, such as coronary heart disease or COPD. Screening all patients for tobacco use and providing smokers with behavioural counselling and pharmacotherapy to stop smoking are among the most valuable preventive services that can be offered in health care.
Multilevel converters-a new breed of power converters (2002)

Multilevel voltage source converters are emerging as a new breed of power converter options for high-power applications. The multilevel voltage source converters typically synthesize the staircase voltage wave from several levels of DC capacitor voltages. One of the major limitations of the multilevel converters is the voltage unbalance between different levels. The techniques to balance the voltage between different levels normally involve voltage clamping or capacitor charge control. There are several ways of implementing voltage balance in multilevel converters. Without considering the traditional magnetic coupled converters, this paper presents three multilevel voltage source converters: (1) diode-clamp, (2) flying-capacitors, and (3) cascaded-inverters with separate DC sources. The operating principle, features, constraints, and potential applications of these converters are discussed.
Arbitration Theory and Practice: A Survey of AAA Construction Arbitrators (1994)

Construction constitutes a significant segment of the nation's economy, 1 and most construction projects are performed according to standard construction contracts published by the American Institute of Architects ("AIA") known as AIA Forms. 2 Because the construction process usually involves a multitude of parties during a short period of time on a small project site, it often generates a large number of costly disputes.
Preliminary characterization of bacteriocins produced by Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis isolated from pig faeces (2000)

A total of 92 enterococci, isolated from the faeces of minipigs subjected to an in vivo feeding trial, were screened for the production of antimicrobial substances. Bacteriocin production was confirmed for seven strains, of which four were identified as Enterococcus faecalis and three as Enterococcus faecium, on the basis of physiological and biochemical characteristics. The bacteriocins produced by the Ent. faecalis strains showed a narrow spectrum of activity, mainly against other Enterococcus spp., compared with those from the Ent. faecium strains showing a broader spectrum of activity, against indicator strains of Enterococcus spp., Listeria spp., Clostridium spp. and Propionibacterium spp. The bacteriocins of all seven Enterococcus strains were inactivated by alpha-chymotrypsin, proteinase K, trypsin, pronase, pepsin and papain, but not by lipase, lysozyme and catalase. The bacteriocins were heat stable and displayed highest activity at neutral pH. The molecular weight of the bacteriocins, as determined by tricine SDS-PAGE, was approximately 3.4 kDa. Only the strains of Ent. faecalis were found to contain plasmids. PCR detection revealed that the bacteriocins produced by Ent. faecium BFE 1170 and BFE 1228 were similar to enterocin A, whereas those produced by Ent. faecium BFE 1072 displayed homology with enterocin L50A and B.
Nazi Concepts of History (1940)

AMERICAN historians are naturally interested in the question of historical scholarship in the land from which we received the seminar founded by Leopold von Ranke and many other outstanding contributions to historiography of both men and methods; the country to which so many of our scholars owe much of their training in historical research, either through their own work in German universities or through their German-trained American teachers.
Wavelets and signal analysis (1992)

The notion of multiresolution analysis (MRA) is a familiar concept to the approximation theorist. In fact, the family of $m^t^h$ order cardinal spline spaces $V_j^m, j \\in \\ \\mathbb{Z} \\ $, with knot sequences $2^-^j \\mathbb{Z} \\ $ is the most typical example being used to demonstrate the structure of an MRA. What has been somewhat neglected in approximation theory in the past is the study of the structure and implications of the complementary subspaces of an MRA. Any function that belongs to a set of generators of such complementary subspaces may be called a wavelet. The objective of this contribution is to give a brief review of wavelet analysis, with special emphasis on how it fits in and enhances the field of approximation theory, and why it has recently created much excitement in the mathematical and engineering communities. From the mathematical point of view, we will use cardinal splines to demonstrate the importance of the subject of wavelet analysis to the approximation theorist; and for engineering applications, we will restrict our discussion to why wavelet analysis has revolutionized the field of signal processing. Since there is already a vast literature, including at least three monographs and several edited volumes devoted to wavelet analysis, our presentation will be very brief.
Use of NFC and QR code identification in an electronic ticket system for public transport (2011)

The evolution of modern communication technologies and widespread use of mobile phones enable their common use in numerous everyday applications. This paper describes the implementation of a system, which enables the use of phones for acquiring electronic public transport ticket. QR codes and RFID tags are used for registering passenger at the beginning and at the end of their journeys. The development of mobile applications was done by using two modern technologies, mobile operating system Android and Near Field Communication (NFC). A passenger can see the amounts charged for a ticket and other information, like departures. Moreover, a conductor can use the Android application to check the validity of the tickets. Beside the possibility of getting an electronic ticket, which is stored on the phone, a website was built to enable new users of this system to register. An additional website was designed for administrators to see the data on the journeys of passengers and to analyse statistics results.
EVERY-OTHER NIGHT HEMODIALYSIS (QOHD) WITH PLATE DIALYZER AS BLOOD PUMP AND SINGLE-LUMEN ACCESS (2000)

Extended duration dialysis (8 hours, 3 or more times per week) can diminish morbidity and mortality of hemodialysis. What is needed is a hemodialysis system with simple setup and breakdown, intrinsic safety, and automaticity so it can operate overnight unattended and without bothersome alarms. The HHD is a dialysis system with pressure-controlled blood pumping; expansion of plate dialyzer membranes draws blood through a 10 French single-lumen access and compression returns the blood. Direct blood flow measurement and automated fluid boluses and final rinse make the HHD considerably easier to use than standard hemodialysis machines. The HHD was approved for market in treatment of renal failure using a SorbSystem column, and clearances were only slightly less than standard dialysis. A clinical trial is beginning with the HHD in providing 8-hour QOHD in-the home and in a nursing home. For this trial, dialysate is created by adding dry salts and acid to 100 liters of purified water produced by an RO system actuated by household water pressure. All blood-side and dialysate-side components are discarded after each treatment, except the 100 liter dialysate tank (air-dried after each treatment). The study will determine: time needed for setup and breakdown of the machine, ability of the HHD to perform all functions of the dialysis procedure, and chemical and clinical effects of the treatments. The HHD may allow QOHD to be routinely performed unattended after machine setup by the patient, a partner, or a dialysis technician. The resulting dialysis treatment should not only be highly chemically effective, but economically practical.
Shadow-Mask Evaporation through Monolayer-Modified Nanostencils (2002)

Gradual clogging of the apertures of nanostencils used as miniature shadow masks in metal evaporations can be reduced by coating the stencil with self-assembled monolayers (SAM). This is quantified by the dimensions (height and volume) of gold features obtained by nanostencil evaporation as measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). An increase in material deposition through the apertures by more than 100% can be achieved with SAM-coated stencils, which increases their lifetime.
A mouse model for triple-negative breast cancer tumor-initiating cells (TNBC-TICs) exhibits similar aggressive phenotype to the human disease (2012)

Taken together, we have developed a TNBC-TICs model system based on the 4T1 cells which is a very useful metastasis model with the advantage of being able to be transplanted into immune competent recipients. Our data demonstrates that the TNBC-TICs model system could be a useful tool for studies on the pathogenesis and therapeutic treatment for TNBC.
YY1 regulates melanocyte development and function by cooperating with MITF (2012)

Studies of coat color mutants have greatly contributed to the discovery of genes that regulate melanocyte development and function. Here, we generated Yy1 conditional knockout mice in the melanocyte-lineage and observed profound melanocyte deficiency and p
Efficient Space Management Techniques for Large-Scale Interconnect Capacitance Extraction With Floating Random Walks (2013)

In the capacitance extraction with the floating random walk (FRW) algorithm, the space management approach is required to facilitate finding the nearest conductor. The Octree and grid-based spatial structures have been used to decompose the whole domain into cells and to store information of local conductors. In this letter, the techniques with the distance limit of cell and only searching in cell's neighbor region are proposed to accelerate the construction of the spatial structures. A fast inquiry technique is proposed to fasten the nearest conductor query. We also propose a grid-Octree hybrid structure, which has advantages over existing structures. Experiments on large very large scale integration structures with up to 484441 conductors have validated the efficiency of the proposed techniques. The improved FRW algorithm is faster than RWCap for thousands times while extracting a single net, and several to tens times while extracting 100 nets.
Intrinsic Resistance to Inhibitors of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Is Due to Efflux: Application of a Novel Technique for Generation of Unmarked Chromosomal Mutations for the Study of Efflux Systems (1998)

Many strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are resistant to the antibiotics cerulenin and thiolactomycin, potent inhibitors of bacterial fatty acid biosynthesis. A novel yeast Flp recombinase-based technique was used to isolate an unmarked mexAB-oprM deletion encoding an efflux system mediating resistance to multiple antibiotics in P. aeruginosa. The experiments showed that the MexAB-OprM system is responsible for the intrinsic resistance of this bacterium to cerulenin and thiolactomycin. Whereas thiolactomycin was not a substrate of the MexCD-OprJ pump expressed in a delta(mexAB-oprM) nfxB mutant, cerulenin was efficiently effluxed by the MexCD-OprJ system. It was also found that the MexAB-OprM system is capable of efflux of irgasan, a broad-spectrum antimicrobial compound used in media selective for Pseudomonas.
FLUID-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS AND FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF FLUIDIZED BEDS AND SETTLING SUSPENSIONS OF SPHERICAL PARTICLES (1989)

Abstract The published correlations for the velocity-voidage relationship observed during fluidization and sedimentation of uniformly sized spherical particles in solid-liquid systems are compared with published experimental results. It is found that the expression suggested by Richardson and Zaki represents the experimental data well over a wide range of values of Galileo number (10−2 < Ga< 1010) and voidage (0·4 < ϵ < 1). Methods are given for predicting the constants in the expression as a function of the properties of the system, including wall effects. KEYWORDS: Fluidized bedsFluid-particle interactionsSpherical particles. Additional informationNotes on contributorsA.R. KHAN Present address: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LEU 3TU, UK.
Evolutionary History of GLIS Genes Illuminates Their Roles in Cell Reprograming and Ciliogenesis (2019)

The GLIS family transcription factors, GLIS1 and GLIS3, potentiate generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In contrast, another GLIS family member, GLIS2, suppresses cell reprograming. To understand how these disparate roles arose, we examined evolutionary origins and genomic organization of GLIS genes. Comprehensive phylogenetic analysis shows that GLIS1 and GLIS3 originated during vertebrate whole genome duplication, whereas GLIS2 is a sister group to the GLIS1/3 and GLI families. This result is consistent with their opposing functions in cell reprograming. Glis1 evolved faster than Glis3, losing many protein-interacting motifs. This suggests that Glis1 acquired new functions under weakened evolutionary constraints. In fact, GLIS1 induces induced pluripotent stem cells more strongly. Transcriptomic data from various animal embryos demonstrate that glis1 is maternally expressed in some tetrapods, whereas vertebrate glis3 and invertebrate glis1/3 genes are rarely expressed in oocytes, suggesting that vertebrate (or tetrapod) Glis1 acquired a new expression domain and function as a maternal factor. Furthermore, comparative genomic analysis reveals that glis1/3 is part of a bilaterian-specific gene cluster, together with rfx3, ndc1, hspb11, and lrrc42. Because known functions of these genes are related to cilia formation and function, the last common ancestor of bilaterians may have acquired this cluster by shuffling gene order to establish more sophisticated epithelial tissues involving cilia. This evolutionary study highlights the significance of GLIS1/3 for cell reprograming, development, and diseases in ciliated organs such as lung, kidney, and pancreas.
Studies on Bioactive Substances in the Chinese Material Medicines (〓 ?? ?? ?? ) Used for Arthritic Diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine. I. Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effect of Chinese Material Medicines Used for Arthritic Diseases (1985)

The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of 17 crude drugs used for the relief of arthritic symptoms in traditional Chinese medicine have been investigated by utilizing carrageenan-induced edema in rats and acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. In 13 crude drugs anti-inflammatory activity on carrageenan edema was observed with 250 mg/kg i.p. administration and 16 crude drugs (1000 mg/kg s.c.) inhibited the number of writhings induced by acetic acid in mice.
Multi-busbar Solar Cells and Modules: High Efficiencies and Low Silver Consumption (2013)

Ideally, future photovoltaic modules show higher power output without increasing costs during cell production or module interconnection. Today significant losses occur during stringing the cells in a module by using standard 3- busbar technology. In this paper an elegant approach for a front side design is discussed by using more busbars than the widely used 3-busbar design for the solar cell front electrode. Simulations demonstrated that the multi-busbar design allows higher cell and module efficiencies compared to a state of the art 3-busbar cell design, and in the same time reduces the amount of silver needed for the front electrode. “A conventional full area Al BSF and standard screen printing for the front contact was used for the 6” Cz-Si multi-busbar solar cells and efficiencies of up to 19.5% have been reached. The solar cells were analyzed on cell and module level and a reduction in Ag consumption for the front electrode of >50%abs could be achieved using the multi-busbar cell design. An additional silver reduction was achieved by replacing the rear side Ag/Al pads with tin pads for the soldering process. These changes in solar cell design reduce significantly the metallization costs and in the same time increase the efficiency.
Cell Morphology and Improved Heat Resistance of Microcellular Poly(<scp>l</scp>-lactide) Foam via Introducing Stereocomplex Crystallites of PLA (2015)

The preparation of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) foam with well-defined cell structure and high heat resistance is critical to broaden its applications. In this study, the stereocomplex crystallites (SC) with higher melting point and heat stability were introduced into PLLA foam by melt blending the PLLA with different amounts of poly(d-lactic acid) (PDLA). The crystal structures of pure PLLA and PLLA/PDLA blends formed during the blending and molding process were compared. It was found that no obvious crystallization was detected in pure PLLA, while SC formed in PLLA/PDLA blends. Crystal structure and morphology evolution of PLLA and PLLA/PDLA during the CO2 saturation and foaming process were investigated by combination of DSC, WAXD, FTIR, and SEM techniques. The results suggested SC had a higher melting peak, higher thermal stability, and smaller crystal domain size in relation to the homocrystal of PLLA, and it did not further develop with the CO2 saturation and the foaming processes, while the CO2 saturation induced the formation of the mesomorphic structure in PLLA and PLLA/PDLA blends. The mesomorphic structure transformed into the more stable α form in the following foaming process. The resultant PLLA/PDLA foam exhibited a significant and concurrent increase in cell density and cell structure uniformity relative to PLLA foam. The heat resistance measurement presented that thus-prepared PLLA/PDLA foams had better heat resistance than PLLA foam, which was attributed to the higher melting point, higher heat stability, and higher cell nucleation ability of SC in PLLA/PDLA foams.