gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An experimental assessment of preference aggregation in a group decision support system based on multiple criteria optimization (1992)

Multiple criteria decision making models have been well researched and a variety of interactive solution methods have been derived with an implicit assumption of a single user. While these interactive methods suggest different individual preference elicitation techniques from a single decision maker, the need for preference aggregation and its significance when multiple decision makers are involved needs further investigation. The author draws on recent attempts to extend the use of multiple objective linear programming techniques, to group decision making within a group decision support framework. The modelling component of the prototype group decision support system consists of two parts; the interactive weighted Tchebycheff method (R.E. Steuer E.U. Choo, 1983) and an ordinal ranking and consensus formation model. The latter is designed to provide a group of decision makers with feedback on individual preferences regarding possible solutions to a multiobjective problem. The experimental results from the current study favor the integration of the Tchebycheff procedure with the ordinal ranking and consensus formation model when compared to the application of its unaugmented version.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Beneficial soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis (GB03) augments salt tolerance of white clover (2014)

Soil salinity is an increasingly serious problem worldwide that reduces agricultural output potential. Selected beneficial soil bacteria can promote plant growth and augment tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Bacillus subtilis strain GB03 has been shown to confer growth promotion and abiotic stress tolerance in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Here we examined the effect of this beneficial soil bacterium on salt tolerance in the legume forage crop, white clover. Plants of white clover (Trifolium repens L. cultivar Huia) were grown from seeds with or without soil inoculation of the beneficial soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis GB03 supplemented with 0, 50, 100, or 150 mM NaCl water into soil. Growth parameters, chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and osmotic potential were monitored during the growth cycle. Endogenous Na(+) and K(+) contents were determined at the time of harvest. White clover plants grown in GB03-inoculated soil were significantly larger than non-inoculated controls with respect to shoot height, root length, plant biomass, leaf area and chlorophyll content; leaf MDA content under saline condition and leaf osmotic potential under severe salinity condition (150 mM NaCl) were significantly decreased. Furthermore, GB03 significantly decreased shoot and root Na(+) accumulation and thereby improved K(+)/Na(+) ratio when GB03-inoculated plants were grown under elevated salt conditions. The results indicate that soil inoculation with GB03 promotes white clover growth under both non-saline and saline conditions by directly or indirectly regulating plant chlorophyll content, leaf osmotic potential, cell membrane integrity and ion accumulation.
Rapid Re-convergence in Real-time Precise Point Positioning with Ambiguity Resolution (2009)

Precise point positioning (PPP) has become a valuable
tool in the scientific analysis of Global Positioning
System (GPS) measurements. The recent progress in
integer ambiguity resolution at a single station has
exploited the potential of PPP to achieve higher
positioning accuracy than that of PPP with real-valued
ambiguities. Despite this advancement, real-time PPP is
still suffering from the long convergence periods prior to
the first fixed solution. Hence, uninterrupted satellite
signal availability during the observation is normally
required in order to avoid re-convergences, consequently
limiting the practicability of real-time PPP especially for
engineering applications. To overcome this limitation, the
author has developed and assessed a novel method in
which predicted ionospheric delays, derived from the
previous fixed solution, are used to generate precise
ionosphere-corrected and ambiguity-fixed wide-lane
observations which contribute to tightly constraining the
position parameters, and then significantly reducing the
re-convergence periods in real-time PPP. In this paper,
this method is assessed using 24-hour 1 Hz real-time
observations from European base stations on Day 188
under quiet ionosphere condition, and on Day 285 under
relatively active ionosphere condition in 2008. Among
these stations, about 25 are used as base stations to
determine the real-time satellite clocks and uncalibrated
phase delays, and 29 on Day 188 and 48 on Day 285 are
used as rover stations. Re-convergences at these rover
stations are simulated through introducing total loss of
signal lock at an interval of 3600 seconds. It is found that
the accuracy of the predicted ionospheric delays is
affected more critically by low elevation angles than by
time latencies. More importantly, with this method the reconvergence
periods are reduced on average from around
1000 seconds to roughly 25 seconds with a success rate of
approximately 90% of all re-convergence cases,
improving the availability of kinematic positions with
fixed ambiguities from about 70% to more than 90%.
Therefore, the proposed technique has the potential to
make ‘stop-and-go’ PPP a practical and useful tool for the
engineering applications, enhancing the competitiveness
of real-time PPP compared with currently prevalent
Network RTK (Real-time Kinematic) positioning.
Large-scale expression, purification and characterization of small fragments of thrombomodulin: the roles of the sixth domain and of methionine 388 (1995)

Fragments of human thrombomodulin (TM) have been expressed in large quantities in the Pichia pastoris yeast expression system and purified to homogeneity. Fermentation of P. pastoris resulted in yields of 170 mg/l TM. Purification to homogeneity resulted in an overall 10% yield, so that quantities of approximately 20 mg purified fragments can be readily obtained. Smaller fragments of TM, such as the individual fourth or fifth domains, were not active, nor were equimolar mixtures of the two domains. These results demonstrate that the fourth and fifth epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains together comprise the smallest active fragment of TM. The fragment containing the fourth and fifth EGF-like domains [TMEGF(4-5)] had 10% the specific activity of rabbit TM. Comparison of the M388L mutant TMEGF(4-5) fragment with the same mutant TMEGF(4-5-6) fragment showed that the fragment with the sixth domain had a 10-fold better Km value for thrombin than the fragment that did not contain the sixth domain; this factor completely accounts for the higher specific activity of the fragments containing the sixth domain. Comparison of the wild-type and M388L mutants showed that the M388L mutation resulted in a 2-fold increase in kcat for the activation of protein C by the thrombin-TM fragment complex, completely accounting for the 2-fold increase in specific activity of these mutant fragments.
Modified method for estimating the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio in amniotic fluid. (1978)

Journal Article Modified method for estimating the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio in amniotic fluid. Get access H H Kohl, H H Kohl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D H Telander, Jr, D H Telander, Jr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E C Roberts, E C Roberts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H C Elliott, Jr H C Elliott, Jr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 24, Issue 1, 1 January 1978, Pages 174–176, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/24.1.174a Published: 01 January 1978
The antiretroviral nucleoside analogue Abacavir reduces cell growth and promotes differentiation of human medulloblastoma cells (2009)

Abacavir is one of the most efficacious nucleoside analogues, with a well-characterized inhibitory activity on reverse transcriptase enzymes of retroviral origin, and has been clinically approved for the treatment of AIDS. Recently, Abacavir has been shown to inhibit also the human telomerase activity. Telomerase activity seems to be required in essentially all tumours for the immortalization of a subset of cells, including cancer stem cells. In fact, many cancer cells are dependent on telomerase for their continued replication and therefore telomerase is an attractive target for cancer therapy. Telomerase expression is upregulated in primary primitive neuroectodermal tumours and in the majority of medulloblastomas suggesting that its activation is associated with the development of these diseases. Therefore, we decided to test Abacavir activity on human medulloblastoma cell lines with high telomerase activity. We report that exposure to Abacavir induces a dose-dependent decrease in the proliferation rate of medulloblastoma cells. This is associated with a cell accumulation in the G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle in the Daoy cell line, and with increased cell death in the D283-MED cell line, and is likely to be dependent on the inhibition of telomerase activity. Interestingly, both cell lines showed features of senescence after Abacavir treatment. Moreover, after Abacavir exposure we detected, by immunofluorescence staining, increased protein expression of the glial marker glial fibrillary acidic protein and the neuronal marker synaptophysin in both medulloblastoma cell lines. In conclusion, our results suggest that Abacavir reduces proliferation and induces differentiation of human medulloblastoma cells through the downregulation of telomerase activity. Thus, using Abacavir, alone or in combination with current therapies, might be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of medulloblastoma.
Metallorganische Verbindungen, XXVII Aluminiumtrialkyle und Dialkyl‐Aluminiumhydride Aus Aluminiumisobutyl‐Verbindungen (1960)

Abstract Es werden die verschiedenen Varianten der im Prinzip schon bekanntgegebenen indirekten Synthese der Aluminiumtrialkyle bzw. Dialkyl‐aluminiumhydride beschrieben. Danach werden lediglich die Aluminiumisobutyl‐Verbindungen „unmittelbar”︁ synthetisiert und aus ihnen durch Behandlung mit Olefinen alle anderen Aluminiumtrialkyle durch „Verdrängung”︁ hergestellt
Stability of Sulfonated Cross-linked Ion Exchange Resin in Hydrogen Peroxide (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleStability of Sulfonated Cross-linked Ion Exchange Resin in Hydrogen PeroxideWilliam WoodCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1957, 61, 6, 832Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150552a045https://doi.org/10.1021/j150552a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Mutations of the human E-cadherin (CDH1) gene (1998)

The cell-cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin is well known to act as a strong invasion suppressor in experimental tumor cell systems. Frequent inactivating mutations have been identified for the E-cadherin gene (CDH1) in diffuse gastric cancers and lobular breast cancers. To date, 69 somatic mutations have been reported comprising, in addition to few missense mutations, mainly splice site mutations and truncation mutations caused by insertions, deletions, and nonsense mutations. Interestingly, there is a major difference in mutation type between diffuse gastric and infiltrative lobular breast cancers. In diffuse gastric tumors, the predominant defects are exon skippings, which cause in-frame deletions. By contrast, most mutations found in infiltrating lobular breast cancers are out-of-frame mutations, which are predicted to yield secreted truncated E-cadherin fragments. In most cases, these mutations do occur in combination with loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the wild-type allele. Inactivating germline mutations of E-cadherin were recently reported for families with early-onset diffuse gastric cancer. Also, at the early stages of sporadic lobular breast and diffuse gastric cancers, E-cadherin mutations were detected, suggesting loss of growth control by such mutations and defining E-cadherin as a true tumor suppressor for these particular tumor types.
Serotonin Type 3 Receptor Genes: <i>HTR3A, B, C, D, E</i> (2008)

The 5-HT(3) receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel composed of five subunits. To date, five different human subunits are known, 5-HT(3AE), which are encoded by the serotonin receptor genes HTR3A, HTR3B, HTR3C, HTR3D and HTR3E, respectively. Functional receptors are pentameric complexes of diverse composition. Different receptor subtypes seem to be involved in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), irritable bowel syndrome and psychiatric disorders. 5-HT(3) receptor antagonists are established in the therapy of CINV and irritable bowel syndrome. HTR3A and HTR3B polymorphisms may also contribute to the etiology of psychiatric disorders and serve as predictors in CINV and in the medical treatment of psychiatric patients.
A Systematic Study of Mental Illness, Substance Abuse, and Treatment in 600 Homeless Men (1992)

AbstractSix hundred homeless men from St. Louis shelters and streets were interviewed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). The majority of homeless men in St. Louis are single and black, with a mean age in their mid-30s. On average, they have not quite a high school education and most have had recent employment difficulties. Major mental illness is overrepresented among these homeless men, although the majority do not suffer from major nonsubstance mental illness. If substance abuse is included, however, the majority (77%) have a history of a psychiatric disorder. Substance abuse was found to complicate almost all pschiatric illness in this population. Three-Lurths (75%) of the men have a history of substance abuse, predominantly alcohol. One-fourth met criteria for antisocial personality; one-fourth are convicted felons.Half of the men have received inpatient psychiatric care. The ma'ority of inpatient services are being used for substance abuse treatment. Only half of those who have a history ...
<i>Thorsellia anophelis</i> is the dominant bacterium in a Kenyan population of adult <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> mosquitoes (2007)

Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes are not known to harbor endosymbiotic bacteria. Here we show, using nucleic acid-based methods, that 16S rRNA gene sequences specific to a recently described mosquito midgut bacterium, Thorsellia anophelis, is predominant in the midgut of adult An. gambiae s.l. mosquitoes captured in residences in central Kenya, and also occurs in the aquatic rice paddy environment nearby. PCR consistently detected T. anophelis in the surface microlayer of rice paddies, which is also consistent with the surface-feeding behavior of A. gambiae s.l. larvae. Phylogenetic analysis of cloned environmental 16S rRNA genes identified four major Thorsellia lineages, which are closely affiliated to an insect endosymbiont of the genus Arsenophonus. Physiological characterizations support the hypothesis that T. anophelis is well adapted to the female anopheline midgut by utilizing blood and tolerating the alkaline conditions in this environment. The results suggest that aquatically derived bacteria such as T. anophelis can persist through mosquito metamorphosis and become well-established in the adult mosquito midgut.
Molecular and crystal structures of three monothiated analogues of the terminally blocked ala‐aib‐ala sequence of peptaibol antibiotics (1988)

Abstract The molecular and crystal structures of three monothiated analogues of the blocked L ‐Ala‐Aib‐ L ‐Ala sequence of peptaibol antibiotics, t ‐Boc‐ L ‐Ala‐Aib‐ψ(CSNH)‐ L ‐Ala‐OMe, Ac‐ L ‐Ala‐Aib‐ψ(CSNH)‐ L ‐Ala‐OMe, and Ac‐ψ(CSNH)‐ L ‐Ala‐Aib‐ L ‐Ala‐OMe, determined by x‐ray diffraction analyses, are reported. In all cases the peptide chain is folded with φ,ψ angles close to or slightly distorted from those expected for a type II β‐bend conformation. However, the 4 → 1 H‐bond distance falls within the accepted limits only for Ac‐ L ‐Ala‐Aib‐ψ(CSNH)‐ L ‐Ala‐OMe. The structures are compared with those already published for their two oxygenated analogues.
109-06: Feasibility of non-invasive electroanatomical mapping technologies to guide the optimisation of multi-site and multi-point pacing algorithms in resynchronization devices: A pilot study (2016)

Background: Non-response to biventricular pacing has resulted in the development of both multisite and multipoint pacing (MSP/MPP). Electroanatomical maps derived to assess the utility of this technique have previously required invasive measurement which is not feasible in large numbers of patients and may alter the electrical activation of the heart through upregulation of the autonomic nervous system. Vests which record electrograms non-invasively from 252 points (EC Sync; Cardioinsight) offer a solution to this problem but have never been used to assess MSP/MPP. Methods: Five patients were implanted with a MSP/MPP device (1-MSP, 4-MPP). Recordings using the vests were acquired in intrinsic rhythm (IR), echo-optimised conventional CRT via a quadripolar lead (BVP) and MSP/MPP. Results: The body surfaces maps are clerly able to demonstrate multiple points of LV activation compared with BVP and IR (see Figure 1). Mean ventricular electrical uncoupling in IR was -31ms (sd5ms) compared with 1ms with BVP and 6ms with MSP/MPP (sd1ms&8ms). Mean LV activation time was 97ms (sd20ms) in IR compared with 73ms in both BVP and MSP/MPP (sd6ms). Mean total ventricular activation time was 137ms at baseline (sd25ms) and reduced to 80ms with BVP and 79ms with MSP/MPP (sd5ms&6ms). Mean LV dispersion time was 30ms (sd5ms) in IR and reduced to 22ms for both BVP and MSP/MPP (sd4&2ms). Conclusions: Non-invasive activation maps demonstrating capture from multiple sites can be reliably obtained using the EC Sync vest. These data demonstrate the positive effects of BVP and MSP/MPP compared with IR. Further, larger studies are required to assess the potential benefits of MSP/MPP over BVP in selected patients.
Anion-Exchange Properties of Hydrotalcite-Like Compounds (1983)

Abstract Ion-exchange isotherms between hydrotalcite-like compounds (HT) of the NO 3 -, Cl-, and SO 4 - forms and F − , Cl − Br − , I − , OH − , SO 4 2− , CO 3 2− , and Naphthol Yellow S (NYS 2− ) ions were determined, and the spacing and the width of the 003 reflection were measured as a function of HT composition. The ion-exchange equilibrium constant for HTs of monovalent anions are in the sequence OH − > F − > Cl − > Br − > NO 3 − > I − , those for divalent anions are in the sequence CO 3 2− > NYS 2− > SO 4 2− . The ion-exchange equilibrium constants tend to increase as the diameters of the anions decrease, and the crystallite size in the 001 direction tends to increase with anions having higher selectivity. The OH-form of HT has the smallest basal spacing and the largest crystallite size in the 001 direction.
Cradle-to-cradle stewardship of drugs for minimizing their environmental disposition while promoting human health. II. Drug disposal, waste reduction, and future directions. (2003)

Since the 1980s, the occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) as trace environmental pollutants, originating primarily from consumer use and actions rather than manufacturer effluents, continues to become more firmly established. The growing, worldwide importance of freshwater resources underscores the need for ensuring that any aggregate or cumulative impacts on (or from) water supplies are minimized. Despite a paucity of effects data from long-term, simultaneous exposure at low doses to multiple xenobiotics (particularly non-target-organism exposure to PPCPs), a wide range of proactive actions could be implemented for reducing or minimizing the introduction of PPCPs to the environment. Most of these actions fall under what could be envisioned as a holistic stewardship program--overseen by the health care industry and consumers alike. Significantly, such a stewardship program would benefit not just the environment--additional, collateral benefits could automatically accrue, including the lessening of medication expense for the consumer and improving patient health and consumer safety. In this article (the second of two parts describing the "green pharmacy") I focus on those actions and activities tied more closely to the end user (e.g., the patient) and issues associated with drug disposal/recycling that could prove useful in minimizing the environmental disposition of PPCPs. I also outline some recommendations and suggestions for further research and pose some considerations regarding the future. In this mini-monograph I attempt to capture cohesively for the first time the wide spectrum of actions available for minimizing the release of PPCPs to the environment. A major objective is to generate an active dialog or debate across the many disciplines that must become actively involved to design and implement a successful approach to life-cycle stewardship of PPCPs.
Phosphorylation of cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein in Hippocampal Neurons as a Protective Response after Exposure to Glutamate<i>In Vitro</i>and Ischemia<i>In Vivo</i> (2001)

Although accumulating evidence indicates that cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation mediates not only synaptic plasticity but also survival of certain neurons, it remains uncertain whether CREB phosphorylation induced after metabolic insult leads to CRE-mediated gene transcription and is involved in cell survival or not. In the present study, we clarified that (1) CREB phosphorylation and ischemic tolerance induced after preconditioning ischemia in the hippocampal neurons was abolished by MK801 administration in gerbil global ischemia model, (2) CREB phosphorylation induced after exposure to glutamate in cultured neurons was inhibited by removal of extracellular calcium, by MK801 and by an inhibitor of calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) II and IV, (3) inhibitor of CaMK II-IV or CRE-decoy oligonucleotide suppressed upregulation of BCL-2 expression and accelerated neuronal damage after exposure to glutamate, and (4) CREB phosphorylation induced in the hippocampal neurons after ischemia and in cultured neurons after exposure to glutamate was followed by CRE-mediated gene transcription in transgenic mice with a CRE-LacZ reporter. Our results suggest that CREB phosphorylation in neurons after ischemia and exposure to glutamate is induced by NMDA receptor-gated calcium influx and subsequent activation of CaMK II-IV and that CREB phosphorylation after metabolic stress might show a neuroprotective response through CRE-mediated gene induction.
Asymmetric supercapacitors based on nano-architectured nickel oxide/graphene foam and hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes with ultrahigh-rate performance (2013)

An asymmetric supercapacitor with ultrahigh-rate performance is fabricated using NiO/GF and hierarchical N-doped CNTs as positive and negative electrodes, respectively.