gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6 Deficiency during Hemopoiesis Induces Th2-Polarized Inflammatory Disease (2003)

Toll-like receptors (TLR) initiate rapid innate immune responses by recognizing microbial products. These events in turn lead to the development of an efficient adaptive immune response through the up-regulation of a number of costimulatory molecules, including members of the TNF/TNFR superfamily, on the surface of an APC. TNFR-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is a common signaling adapter used by members of both the TNFR and the TLR/IL-1R superfamilies, and as such plays a critical role in the development of immune responses. As TRAF6-deficient mice die prematurely, we generated chimeras reconstituted with TRAF6-deficient fetal liver cells to analyze functions of TRAF6 in vivo in the hemopoietic compartment. We found that TRAF6-deficient chimeras develop a progressive lethal inflammatory disease associated with massive organ infiltration and activation of CD4(+) T cells in a Th2-polarized phenotype, and a defect in IL-18 responsiveness. When recombination-activating gene 2(-/-) blastocysts were complemented with TRAF6-deficient embryonic stem cells, a marked elevation of activated CD4(+) T cells and progressive inflammatory disease were also observed. Moreover, T cell activation and lethal inflammation were not reversed in mixed chimeric mice generated from normal and TRAF6-deficient fetal liver cells. These results suggest that deletion of TRAF6 induces a dominant Th2-type polarized autoimmune response. Therefore, in addition to playing a critical role in innate and adaptive immunity, TRAF6 is likely to play a previously unrecognized role in the maintenance of self-tolerance.
Carbon Nanotube–Polymer Composite for Light‐Driven Microthermal Control (2008)

Rapid temperature control: A phospholipid–bovine serum albumin functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube complex (PL–BSA–SWNT) was found to be readily dispersible in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). A photoinduced PDMS microchip encapsulating this complex is capable of achieving ultrarapid control of the temperature of a solution contained in one of its microchannels (see image).
Pediatric neurology for the clinician (1992)

Neurological history the neurological examination of the newborn and infant the neurological examination of the young child the neurological examination of the older child and adolescent neurodiagnostic procedures toxic/metabolic encephalopathies traumatic encephalopathies the epilepsies movement disorders infectious diseases immunologic diseases vascular diseases inborn errors of metabolism neoplastic diseases neuromuscular diseases neurocutaneous disorders developmental malformations of the nervous system disorders of motor execution preschool disorders of higher cerebral function coma headache febrile seizures the hyperactive child sleep disorders.
Cerebral Vasospasm and Vasoconstriction Caused by Endothelin (1991)

We investigated the histological changes between arteries constricted by endothelin for 7 days and vasospastic arteries induced by the double injection of autologous blood. Group 1 was a sham-operated group. Group 2 animals received a continuous cisternal injection of endothelin-1 (1.7 × 10-9 mol/7 days) by a miniosmotic pump implanted in the neck musculature for 7 days. Group 3 received double injections of cisternal blood administered 48 hours apart. Angiography showed severe constriction of the basilar artery, 34.6% and 43% in Groups 2 and 3, respectively, on Day 7. Histological study showed marked constriction of the basilar artery in both Group 2 and Group 3. Degenerative changes in endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were observed in both Group 2 and Group 3. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated endothelin-1 in the endothelial cells in Group 2, but not in Group 1 or in Group 3. It is suggested that endothelin-1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm. (Neurosurgery 28:673-679, 1991)
Biosynthesis of ferulic acid esters of plant cell wall polysaccharides in endomembranes from parsley cells (1991)

A microsomal preparation from suspension-cultured parsley cells is able to transfer ferulic acid from the respective CoA thioester to endogenous acceptors. The reaction is not enhanced by digitonin but stimulated by Mg2+, Ca2+ and Co2+. Spermine can partly replace divalent ions. Solubility properties and degradation by polysaccharide hydrolases suggest that the products are polymeric cell wall carbohydrates. Sucrose density gradient centrifugation revealed that the most active vesicle fraction is distinct from plasma membranes but does also not peak with IDPase. It is suggested that a subfraction of the Golgi-apparatus is the source of enzyme and acceptors.
The Effects of Substituted Benzimidazoles on the Growth of Viruses and the Nucleic Acid Metabolism of Host Cells (1967)

Summary The antiviral effects of three substituted benzimidazoles, 4,5,6,trichloro- l-β-D-ribofuranosyl benzimidazole, 2-mercapto-1 -(β-4-pyridethyl) benzimidazole and 2-(α-hydroxybenzyl) benzimidazone, have been investigated and compared with their effects on the RNA metabolism of the host cells. 4,5,6,trichloro-l-β-D-ribofuranosyl benzimidazole and 2-mercapto-l-(β-4- pyridethyl) benzimidazole inhibit the growth of influenza A and parainfluenza 1 in calf kidney cells, and vaccinia in L cells, but they also reduce the synthesis of cellular RNA proportionately. They inhibit the growth of EMC in L cells, but only at concentrations at which host cell RNA synthesis is very much reduced. Their action is therefore not specific to a virus induced process. In contrast, 2-(α-hydroxybenzyl) benzimidazole suppresses the growth of encephalomyocarditis virus in L cells at concentrations which have little effect on host cell RNA synthesis.
A CRISPR-Cas9 System for Genetic Engineering of Filamentous Fungi (2015)

The number of fully sequenced fungal genomes is rapidly increasing. Since genetic tools are poorly developed for most filamentous fungi, it is currently difficult to employ genetic engineering for understanding the biology of these fungi and to fully exploit them industrially. For that reason there is a demand for developing versatile methods that can be used to genetically manipulate non-model filamentous fungi. To facilitate this, we have developed a CRISPR-Cas9 based system adapted for use in filamentous fungi. The system is simple and versatile, as RNA guided mutagenesis can be achieved by transforming a target fungus with a single plasmid. The system currently contains four CRISPR-Cas9 vectors, which are equipped with commonly used fungal markers allowing for selection in a broad range of fungi. Moreover, we have developed a script that allows identification of protospacers that target gene homologs in multiple species to facilitate introduction of common mutations in different filamentous fungi. With these tools we have performed RNA-guided mutagenesis in six species of which one has not previously been genetically engineered. Moreover, for a wild-type Aspergillus aculeatus strain, we have used our CRISPR Cas9 system to generate a strain that contains an AACU_pyrG marker and demonstrated that the resulting strain can be used for iterative gene targeting.
X-ray lithography: Part I&#8212;Design criteria for optimizing resist energy absorption; part II&#8212;Pattern replication with polymer masks (1975)

An X-ray lithography system is analyzed in terms of maximizing the absorbed energy density in the resist. The individual factors, such as X-ray quantum efficiency, electron-beam energy, wavelength, power dissipated in the anode, and the possible use of an X-ray window are discussed. It is shown that K-line radiation from an Al or Si source is the most efficient for mask membranes of either Si or a thin polymer film without an X-ray window and for a thin Be window. For thick Be windows, L-line radiation sources become more efficient. Fabrication procedures have been developed in our Laboratories for polymer film X-ray masks using both photo and electron-beam lithography. The advantages and disadvantages of such masks are discussed. Etched SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> patterns made using polymer film masks show excellent replication of the mask patterns.
COMPOSITIONAL QUENCHING: A PROCESS FOR FORMING POLYMER-IN-POLYMER MICRODISPERSIONS AND COCONTINUOUS NETWORKS (1988)

Compositional quenching is a new process for blending incompatible polymers. Two or more polymers are dissolved in a common solvent which is subsequently removed by flash devolatilization. The theory of the process is described in terms of Flory-Huggins thermodynamics, the Landau-Ginzburg functional, and a modified Cahn-Hilliard diffusion equation. The efficacy of the process is demonstrated by the successful impact modification of several matrix polymers.
ACD/I-Lab 4.5:  An Internet Service Review (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTACD/I-Lab 4.5: An Internet Service ReviewArtëm MasunovView Author Information Department of Chemistry, City College, City University of New York, Convent Avenue at 138th Street, New York, New York 10031 Cite this: J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 2001, 41, 4, 1093–1095Publication Date (Web):June 16, 2001Publication History Published online16 June 2001Published inissue 1 July 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ci010400lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ci010400lresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Adenine,Interfaces,Molecular structure,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,Software Get e-Alerts
Cobimetinib (2016)

Cobimetinib combined with vemurafenib is an alternative BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy for unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAFV600 mutation. The role of cobimetinib in melanoma and other solid tumors is likely to expand as the results from ongoing studies become available.
Control of reactive plasmas in a multicusp plasma source equipped with a movable magnetic filter (1993)

With the use of both a movable magnetic filter and a plasma grid, plasma parameters (H2-CH4 or Ar-CH4 plasmas) are spatially well controlled. At any filter position, plasma parameters change steeply across the magnetic filter. Then, a plasma source is divided into the two parts, i.e., the source plasma region (high density plasma with energetic electrons) and the diffused plasma region (low density and low-temperature plasma without energetic electrons). Plasma parameters in the diffused plasma are well controlled by changing the plasma grid potential. The role of the magnetic filter (i.e., preferential reflection of energetic electrons) is well clarified by computer simulation. The relation between plasma parameters and some species of neutral radicals is also briefly discussed.
FGF5 stimulates expansion of connective tissue fibroblasts and inhibits skeletal muscle development in the limb (2000)

FGF5 is expressed in the mesenchyme and skeletal muscle of developing and adult mouse limbs. However, the function of FGF5 during development of the limb and limb musculature is unknown. To elucidate the inherent participation of FGF5 during limb organogenesis, a retroviral delivery system (RCAS) was used to overexpress human FGF5 throughout developing hind limb of chicken embryos. Misexpression of the soluble growth factor severely inhibited the formation of mature myocytes. Limbs infected with RCAS-FGF5 contained smaller presumptive muscle masses as evidenced by a decrease in MyoD and myosin heavy chain expressing cells. In contrast, ectopic expression of FGF5 significantly stimulated proliferation and expansion of the tenascin-expressing, connective-tissue fibroblast lineage throughout the developing limb. Histological analysis demonstrated that the increase in tenascin immunostaining surrounding the femur, ileum, and pubis in the FGF5 infected limbs corresponded to the fibroblasts forming the stacked-cell perichondrium. Furthermore, pulse labeling experiments with the thymidine analog, BrdU, revealed that the increased size of the perichondrium was attributable to enhanced cell proliferation. These results support a model whereby FGF5 acts as a mitogen to stimulate the proliferation of mesenchymal fibroblasts that contribute to the formation of connective tissues such as the perichondrium, and inhibits the development of differentiated skeletal muscle. These results also contend that FGF5 is a candidate mediator of the exclusive spatial patterning of the hind limb connective tissue and skeletal muscle.
The Human Herpes Virus 8-encoded Viral FLICE Inhibitory Protein Physically Associates with and Persistently Activates the IκB Kinase Complex (2002)

The human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8, also called Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) has been linked to Kaposi's sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) in immunocompromised individuals. We demonstrate that PEL cell lines have a constitutively active NF-kappaB pathway, which is associated with persistent phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha. To elucidate the mechanism of NF-kappaB activation in PEL cell lines, we have investigated the role of viral FLICE inhibitory protein (vFLIP) in this process. We report that stable expression of HHV8 vFLIP in a variety of cell lines is associated with persistent NF-kappaB activation caused by constitutive phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha. HHV8 vFLIP gets recruited to a approximately 700-kDa IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex and physically associates with IKKalpha, IKKbeta, NEMO/IKKgamma, and RIP. HHV8 vFLIP is incapable of activating NF-kappaB in cells deficient in NEMO/IKKgamma, thereby suggesting an essential role of an intact IKK complex in this process. Our results suggest that HHV8 vFLIP might contribute to the persistent NF-kappaB activation observed in PEL cells by associating with and stimulating the activity of the cellular IKK complex.
Selected Reviews of the Literature (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
A Step toward High-Energy Silicon-Based Thin Film Lithium Ion Batteries (2017)

The next generation of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) with increased energy density for large-scale applications, such as electric mobility, and also for small electronic devices, such as microbatteries and on-chip batteries, requires advanced electrode active materials with enhanced specific and volumetric capacities. In this regard, silicon as anode material has attracted much attention due to its high specific capacity. However, the enormous volume changes during lithiation/delithiation are still a main obstacle avoiding the broad commercial use of Si-based electrodes. In this work, Si-based thin film electrodes, prepared by magnetron sputtering, are studied. Herein, we present a sophisticated surface design and electrode structure modification by amorphous carbon layers to increase the mechanical integrity and, thus, the electrochemical performance. Therefore, the influence of amorphous C thin film layers, either deposited on top (C/Si) or incorporated between the amorphous Si thin film layers (Si/C/Si), was characterized according to their physical and electrochemical properties. The thin film electrodes were thoroughly studied by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. We can show that the silicon thin film electrodes with an amorphous C layer showed a remarkably improved electrochemical performance in terms of capacity retention and Coulombic efficiency. The C layer is able to mitigate the mechanical stress during lithiation of the Si thin film by buffering the volume changes and to reduce the loss of active lithium during solid electrolyte interphase formation and cycling.
Neurochemical analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (1980)

The use of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis for studying in vivo alterations in central neuronal activity requires a relatively sophisticated knowledge of CSF physiology and pathology. Ventriculospinal concentration gradients, circadian rhythms, physical activity, stress, medications, precursor intake, concomitant illness, obstructed CSF circulation, age, and sex alter the baseline neurochemical composition of CSF. Differential probenecid blockade of the egress of acidic monoamine metabolites and cyclic nucleotides from the CSF may complicate interpretations of their accumulations. Degradation of CSF constituents during collection, storage, and analysis may introduce errors in quantification. These sources of CSF variability can be minimized with proper methodolology.
Elimination of HIV-1-infected cells by broadly neutralizing antibodies (2016)

The Fc region of HIV-1 Env-specific broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) is required for suppressing viraemia, through mechanisms which remain poorly understood. Here, we identify bNAbs that exert antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cell culture and kill HIV-1-infected lymphocytes through natural killer (NK) engagement. These antibodies target the CD4-binding site, the glycans/V3 and V1/V2 loops on gp120, or the gp41 moiety. The landscape of Env epitope exposure at the surface and the sensitivity of infected cells to ADCC vary considerably between viral strains. Efficient ADCC requires sustained cell surface binding of bNAbs to Env, and combining bNAbs allows a potent killing activity. Furthermore, reactivated infected cells from HIV-positive individuals expose heterogeneous Env epitope patterns, with levels that are often but not always sufficient to trigger killing by bNAbs. Our study delineates the parameters controlling ADCC activity of bNAbs, and supports the use of the most potent antibodies to clear the viral reservoir.
Severe Lactic Acidosis in a Patient with B-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature (2009)

Lactic acidosis is commonly observed in clinical situations such as shock and sepsis, as a result of tissue hypoperfusion and hypoxia. Lymphoma and leukemia are among other clinical situations where lactic acidosis has been reported. We present a case of a 59-year-old female with lactic acidosis who was found to have aggressive B-cell lymphoma. There have been 29 cases of lymphoma induced lactic acidosis reported thus far; however all reported cases have abnormal vital signs or concomitant medical conditions that may lead to lactic acidosis. The pathogenesis of malignancy-induced lactic acidosis is not well understood; however associated factors include increased glycolysis, increased lactate production by cancer cells, and decreased hepatic clearance of lactate. When it occurs, lactic acidosis is a poor prognostic sign in these patients. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of underlying lymphoma or leukemia remains the only way to achieve complete resolution of lactic acidosis in these patients.
Plasma-melt-gas-atomization of High Temperature Intermetallic Compound (Nb3Al). (1992)

Rapidly solidified niobium aluminides (Nb3Al) have been studied to understand their ability as structural materials for ultra-high temperature applications. A new gas atomization process combined with plasma-skull-melting without any refractory, refractory metal and ceramic, has been developed to produce ultra-clean powders. In this process, named Plasma-Melt-Gas-Atomization (PMGA), a pouring nozzle for molten metal stream is made of water-cooled copper with a bottom hole. Rapidly solidified powders of Nb3Al have been successfully obtained. Mean diameter of the powders is around 100μm, and oxygen content is 300ppm. PMGA'ed powders of Nb-22at%Al mostly consists of supersaturated solid solution of Al in Nb (bcc), although cast ingot of same composition wholly consists of ordered A15. Because microstructure of powder is identical to melt-spun ribbon, solidification rate of PMGA can be considered very high.
Silymarin nanoparticle prevents paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity (2011)

Silymarin (Sm) is a polyphenolic component extracted from Silybum marianum. It is an antioxidant, traditionally used as an immunostimulant, hepatoprotectant, and dietary supplement. Relatively recently, Sm has proved to be a valuable chemopreventive and a useful antineoplastic agent. Medical success for Sm is, however, constrained by very low aqueous solubility and associated biopharmaceutical limitations. Sm flavonolignans are also susceptible to ion-catalyzed degradation in the gut. Proven antihepatotoxic activity of Sm cannot therefore be fully exploited in acute chemical poisoning conditions like that in paracetamol overdose. Moreover, a synchronous delivery that is required for hepatic regeneration is difficult to achieve by itself. This work is meant to circumvent the inherent limitations of Sm through the use of nanotechnology. Sm nanoparticles (Smnps) were prepared by nanoprecipitation in polyvinyl alcohol stabilized Eudragit RS100(®) polymer (Rohm Pharma GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany). Process parameter optimization provided 67.39% entrapment efficiency and a Gaussian particle distribution of average size 120.37 nm. Sm release from the nanoparticles was considerably sustained for all formulations. Smnps were strongly protective against hepatic damage when tested in a paracetamol overdose hepatotoxicity model. Nanoparticles recorded no animal death even when administered after an established paracetamol-induced hepatic necrosis. Preventing progress of paracetamol hepatic damage was traced for an efficient glutathione regeneration to a level of 11.3 μmol/g in hepatic tissue due to Smnps.