gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computer-Displayed Eye Position as a Visual Aid to Pulmonary Nodule Interpretation (1990)

Approximately 30% of nodules are missed during the initial reading of chest radiographs. Eye-position recordings have shown that most nodules that are missed receive prolonged visual attention. A computer algorithm was developed that uses eye-position and gaze-duration times to identify locations on the chest image likely to contain missed nodules. These locations are highlighted on the displayed image to give visual feedback. The current study tested whether visual feedback was an effective aid to nodule detection. Six radiology residents searched 40 chest images for nodules while their eye-position and gaze-duration times were recorded. Half received displayed visual feedback and half were given a second view without feedback. Two months later the two groups returned and viewed the images in the opposite condition to counterbalance for possible practice effects. Performance of readers who were given feedback showed an average of 16% improvement as measured by the alternative free response operating characteristic (AFROC) curve area, A1. Performance of the same readers given a second look without feedback did not improve.
[Interaction of psychotropic preparations with model lipid membranes]. (1985)

Interaction of psychotropic drugs with model phosphatidylcholine membranes was investigated by fluorescent probes. The data obtained indicate different affinity of the drugs for phosphatidylcholine. The tranquilizers were not bound to the model membranes. The antidepressants were localized in the lipid polar groups area whereas the neuroleptics in the lipid polar groups area and deeper regions of the lipid bilayer.
Organic thin-film transistor-driven polymer-dispersed liquid crystal displays on flexible polymeric substrates (2002)

We have fabricated organic thin-film transistor (OTFT)-driven active matrix liquid crystal displays on flexible polymeric substrates. These small displays have 16×16 pixel polymer-dispersed liquid crystal arrays addressed by pentacene active layer OTFTs. The displays were fabricated using a low-temperature process (&lt;110 °C) on flexible polyethylene naphthalate film and are operated as reflective active matrix displays.
Perioperative detection of circulating tumour cells in patients with lung cancer (2017)

Lung cancer is a leading cause of mortality and despite surgical resection a proportion of patients may develop metastatic spread. The detection of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) may allow for improved prediction of metastatic spread and survival. The current study evaluates the efficacy of the ScreenCell® filtration device, to capture, isolate and propagate CTCs in patients with primary lung cancer. Prior to assessment of CTCs, the present study detected cancer cells in a proof-of-principle- experiment using A549 human lung carcinoma cells as a model. Ten patients (five males and five females) with pathologically diagnosed primary non-small cell lung cancer undergoing surgical resection, had their blood tested for CTCs. Samples were taken from a peripheral vessel at the baseline, from the pulmonary vein draining the lobe containing the tumour immediately prior to division, a further central sample was taken following completion of the resection, and a final peripheral sample was taken three days post-resection. A significant increase in CTCs was observed from baseline levels following lung manipulation. No association was able to be made between increased levels of circulating tumour cells and survival or the development of metastatic deposits. Manipulation of the lung during surgical resection for non-small cell lung carcinoma results in a temporarily increased level of CTCs; however, no clinical impact for this increase was observed. Overall, the study suggests the ScreenCell® device has the potential to be used as a CTC isolation tool, following further work, adaptations and improvements to the technology and validation of results.
A QoS aware power save protocol for wireless ad hoc networks (2002)

This paper describes a power save protocol for ad hoc networks. The protocol is largely independent of the details of the underlying MAC and friendly toward any overlying energy-aware ad hoc routing. A key advantage of the protocol is that it is fully asynchronous. Each station independently establishes a periodic sleep/wake cycle. Neighbors that wish to communicate estimate the relative phase difference between their sleep/wake cycles. A station uses this phase information to order its pending transmissions so as to maximize value with respect to some QoS function. A station can also adjust its phase relationships to avoid contention and increase effective bandwidth available to a flow, as well as reduce latency.
Multichannel derived median nerve SEP compared to EEG in patients with vascular cerebral lesions. (2001)

In order to compare the sensitivity of multichannel derived median nerve SEP with EEG in vascular cerebral lesions we examined 22 normals and 23 patients. SEP components within the first 50 ms could be divided into main waveform patterns: (1) a W-shaped parietal pattern consisting of N20, P25, N35 and P45 in most cases. (2) a frontal pattern with P20 and N30 as well as possibly detectible N24, P28, P33, N40 and P50. (3) a central P22. Two younger normals showed a V-shaped parietal pattern with N20 and P35, a frontal pattern with P20 and N36, and central P22 with a remarkably long latency. All components could be analysed sufficiently by means of three representative electrode positions (stimulation right/left): P3/P4, C3/C4, and F3/F4, which reduces the expense of recording and analysing considerably. 21 patients (91.3%) showed abnormal results in SEP, whereas 14 patients (60.9%) in EEG. A three channel electrode array can increase the usefulness of SEP and detect cerebral dysfunctions in cerebral lesions in spite of normal EEG under routine examination conditions. Analysis of multichannel derived SEPs during treatment and recovery after stroke and search for the prognostic value in the acute stage of the disease should be done in future.
Fair Bisimulation (2000)

Bisimulations enjoy numerous applications in the analysis of labeled transition systems. Many of these applications are based on two central observations: first, bisimilar systems satisfy the same branching-time properties; second, bisimilarity can be checked efficiently for finite-state systems. The local character of bisimulation, however, makes it difficult to address liveness concerns. Indeed, the definitions of fair bisimulation that have been proposed in the literature sacrifice locality, and with it, also efficient checkability. We put forward a new definition of fair bisimulation which does not suffer from this drawback.

The bisimilarity of two systems can be viewed in terms of a game played between a protagonist and an adversary. In each step of the infinite bisimulation game, the adversary chooses one system, makes a move, and the protagonist matches it with a move of the other system. Consistent with this game-based view, we call two fair transition systems bisimilar if in the bisimulation game, the infinite path produced in the first system is fair iff the infinite path produced in the second system is fair.

We show that this notion of fair bisimulation enjoys the following properties. First, fairly bisimilar systems satisfy the same formulas of the logics Fair-AFMC (the fair alternation-free µ-calculus) and Fair-CTL*. Therefore, fair bisimulations can serve as property-preservingab stractions for these logics and weaker ones, such as Fair-CTL and LTL. Indeed, Fair-AFMC provides an exact logical characterization of fair bisimilarity. Second, it can be checked in time polynomial in the number of states if two systems are fairly bisimilar. This is in stark contrast to all trace-based equivalences, which are traditionally used for addressingl iveness but require exponential time for checking.
Imaging magnetic nanoparticles using the signal's frequency spectrum (2008)

Current methods of magnetic particle imaging generate a signal by cyclically saturating nanoparticles creating measurable harmonics in the induced magnetization. The sensitivity promises to be competitive with SPECT so molecular imaging is possible. The signal was localized by saturating the nanoparticles outside a voxel using a strong static magnetic field and sweeping the voxel across the sample to form an image. However, in applications where enough nanoparticles are present, signal can be detected at several higher harmonic frequencies and we show that the distribution of signal between those frequencies contributes localizing information. We tested one-dimensional implementations but the methods can be generalized to three dimensions. Spatial encoding was accomplished by using multiple drive frequencies that varied spatially. Two drive coils tuned to different drive frequencies and mounted on the same axis were used to explore the method. The response was measured from a single sample of iron oxide nanoparticles at eight positions along that axis to estimate response function for the reconstruction. Then two identical samples were placed at pairs of locations to test the method. The sample positions were reconstructed from the measured spectrum of the signal generated. The number of independent parameters is limited but four independent parameters can be achieved with very good conditioning and eight independent parameters can be achieved with reasonable conditioning.
What is the next step after WAZ for exploration in the Gulf of Mexico? (2009)

The concept of circular geometry for towed‐streamer marine acquisition was introduced in the early 1980s by French (French, 1984). Due to the limitations in marine technology and processing methods at the time, circular geometry had a short time span. Recently, it was proved that is feasible to use this type of geometry to acquire full‐azimuth (FAZ) data using a single vessel, if the vessel sails along a pattern of overlapping circles (Moldoveanu, 2008). This technique is called Coil Shooting* single‐vessel full azimuth acquisition. In this paper we demonstrate the benefits of implementing coil shooting acquisition with multiple vessel configurations.
Optimizing the critical loop in the H.264/AVC CABAC decoder (2006)

This paper presents an innovative hardware implementation of the H.264/AVC CABAC binary arithmetic decoder and context modeler capable of decoding one symbol per clock cycle at high clock frequencies while maintaining a slim hardware footprint. This was achieved by substantially decreasing the latency of the central feedback loop through extensive use of speculative prefetching and aggressive pipelining. Actual synthesis results targeted at the state-of-the-art FPGA families show that our approach results in a fast and compact IP core, ideal for a SoC H.264/AVC implementation
The Application of Dither to the Quantization of Speech Signals (1973)

By adding a pseudorandom “dither” noise to a signal X that is to be quantized, and by subtracting an identical noise sequence from the quantizer output, it is possible to break up undesirable signal-dependent patterns in the quantization error sequence, without increasing the variance of the error E. The idea has been widely discussed in the context of picture coding, and it is the purpose of this talk to demonstrate application of the technique to the quantization of speech signals. Computer simulations have shown how the use of dither whitens the quantization error sequence in PCM encoding, and renders it more acceptable than signal-correlated errors of equal variance. We demonstrate, for conditions of dither and no dither, typical speech recordings, illustrative error waveforms, and data on signal-to-error correlation C; and indicate how the advantage of dithering increases monotonically with crudeness of signal quantization and becomes significant when the number of bits per sample is less than about six. An experimental evaluation of the perceptual effects of dither on speech has shown (a) strong preferences for dithered speech over straight PCM encoding at identical bit rates; (b) an increase in word intelligibility for dithered speech over PCM speech when 4–6 bits/sample were used; and (c) a decrease in word intelligibility for dithered speech over PCM speech when 2–3 bits/sample were used. The above results imply that dithering is most advantageous for speech quantized in the 4–6 bits/sample range.
Inactivation of <i>S</i>-Adenosyl-<scp>l</scp>-homocysteine Hydrolase by 6‘-Cyano-5‘,6‘-didehydro- 6‘-deoxyhomoadenosine and 6‘-Chloro-6‘- cyano-5‘,6‘-didehydro-6‘-deoxyhomoadenosine. Antiviral and Cytotoxic Effects (2006)

6'-Cyano-5',6'-didehydro-6'-deoxyhomoadenosine (E)-1, (Z)-1, and 6'-chloro-6'-cyano-5',6'-didehydro-6'-deoxyhomoadenosine (E)-2 were synthesized and tested as new mechanism-based inhibitors of AdoHcy hydrolase. Nucleoside (E)-1 was identified as a type I inhibitor of the enzyme, whereas inactivation of the enzyme by nucleosides (Z)-1 and (E)-2 was accompanied by the formation of a covalent labeling of AdoHcy hydrolase.
Nitration of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylenes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNitration of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylenesKurt Baum, Nguyen Nghi Van, Richard Gilardi, Judith L. Flippen-Anderson, and Clifford GeorgeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 11, 3026–3030Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00037a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00037a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views297Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The Specificity of Observational Studies in Physical Activity and Sports Sciences: Moving Forward in Mixed Methods Research and Proposals for Achieving Quantitative and Qualitative Symmetry (2017)

Mixed methods studies are been increasingly applied to a diversity of fields. In this paper, we discuss the growing use-and enormous potential-of mixed methods research in the field of sport and physical activity. A second aim is to contribute to strengthening the characteristics of mixed methods research by showing how systematic observation offers rigor within a flexible framework that can be applied to a wide range of situations. Observational methodology is characterized by high scientific rigor and flexibility throughout its different stages and allows the objective study of spontaneous behavior in natural settings, with no external influence. Mixed methods researchers need to take bold yet thoughtful decisions regarding both substantive and procedural issues. We present three fundamental and complementary ideas to guide researchers in this respect: we show why studies of sport and physical activity that use a mixed methods research approach should be included in the field of mixed methods research, we highlight the numerous possibilities offered by observational methodology in this field through the transformation of descriptive data into quantifiable code matrices, and we discuss possible solutions for achieving true integration of qualitative and quantitative findings.
Temporomandibular Disorder in Mosul City. (2007)

0.05. Impaired TMJ function was the most prevalent sign (82.6%). No sex difference in relation to ITF was found p>0.05. Concerning the distribution of the patients according to Ai (Anamenstic dysfunction index). It was found that 51patients (11.3%) were symptoms free (Ai0), 169 patients (37.5%) reported mild symptoms (AiI) and 230 patients (51.1%) complained from severe symptoms (AiII). No significant sex difference in relation to Ai was found p>0.05. Regarding the distribution of the patients in relation to Di (Clinical dysfunction index).This study reveals that 7 patients (1.5%) were sign free (Di0), 114 patients (25.3%) with mild signs (DiI), 172 patients (38.2%) with moderate signs (DiII)and 157 patients (34.8%) with severe signs (DiIII). No significant sex difference in relation to clinical dysfunction index (Di) p>0.05 was found in this study. Conclusions: The age 2130 years consider the high risk age group. The TMJ sounds were the most frequent symptoms. Severe symptoms (Ai II) and signs (DiIII) represents high percentages (51.1%) and (34.4%) respectively in a patients with TMDs in Mosul City.]]>
<scp>USP</scp> 30 deubiquitylates mitochondrial <scp>P</scp> arkin substrates and restricts apoptotic cell death (2015)

Mitochondria play a pivotal role in the orchestration of cell death pathways. Here, we show that the control of ubiquitin dynamics at mitochondria contributes to the regulation of apoptotic cell death. The unique mitochondrial deubiquitylase, USP30, opposes Parkin-dependent ubiquitylation of TOM20, and its depletion enhances depolarization-induced cell death in Parkin-overexpressing cells. Importantly, USP30 also regulates BAX/BAK-dependent apoptosis, and its depletion sensitizes cancer cells to BH3-mimetics. These results provide the first evidence for a fundamental role of USP30 in determining the threshold for mitochondrial cell death and suggest USP30 as a potential target for combinatorial anti-cancer therapy.
Arylsulfatase B activity in cultured retinal pigment epithelium: regional studies in feline mucopolysaccharidosis VI. (1986)

Feline mucopolysaccharidosis VI (MPS VI) is a recessively inherited lysosomal storage disease resulting from a deficiency of arylsulfatase B (ASB). Previous histopathologic findings have indicated that the disease is expressed morphologically in non-pigmented retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) in the posterior pole and superior equatorial regions by the accumulation of vacuolated inclusions and eventual cellular hypertrophy, while pigmented regions in the periphery are minimally affected. To determine if the regional and age-dependent variations in disease severity result from differences in residual enzyme activity, primary cultures of feline MPS VI-affected RPE were initiated from defined regions of the eye and maintained in vitro for 14 days. Cultures initiated from nonpigmented areas of affected adult eyes (posterior pole, superior equatorial) were more diseased than those from pigmented (inferior-equatorial, peripheral) areas. In the nonpigmented cultures, the disease was expressed by the accumulation of single membrane-bound inclusions and cellular hypertrophy. These inclusions were indistinguishable in their morphologic appearance and distribution from those found in situ. In contrast, the cultures initiated from pigmented areas remained normal or minimally affected. The same spatial disease distribution was present in young affected eyes, but the expression of the disease was much less severe. It is apparent that temporal, spatial, and pigmentation factors were correlated with disease expression in vitro as well as in situ. Arylsulfatase B activity was measured biochemically, and found to be deficient in all regions of young and adult eyes. It was notable that there was no correlation between the level of residual enzyme activity, and the pigmentation or spatial position from which the cells were obtained.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Molecular dispersion spectroscopy – new capabilities in laser chemical sensing (2012)

Laser spectroscopic techniques suitable for molecular dispersion sensing enable new applications and strategies in chemical detection. This paper discusses the current state of the art and provides an overview of recently developed chirped laser dispersion spectroscopy (CLaDS)-based techniques. CLaDS and its derivatives allow for quantitative spectroscopy of trace gases and enable new capabilities, such as extended dynamic range of concentration measurements, high immunity to photodetected intensity fluctuations, or capability of direct processing of spectroscopic signals in optical domain. Several experimental configurations based on quantum cascade lasers and examples of molecular spectroscopic data are presented to demonstrate capabilities of molecular dispersion spectroscopy in the mid-infrared spectral region.
Factors Influencing Platelet Function in Elderly Patients with Chronic Phase Thrombotic Diseases (2000)

To clarify the factors influencing platelet function in elderly patients with chronic thrombotic disease, platelet aggregability was studied in 839 blood samples from 497 patients with a variety of diseases. Clinical stage (thrombotic disease), vascular risk factors, and data concerning any administration of antiplatelet drugs were assessed, as well as brain computerized tomographic and carotid ultrasonographic findings. Platelet aggregability was determined spectrophotometrically with an aggregometer (PAM-8T) and adenosine-5'-diphosphate as an agonist to determine new parameters: the grading curve (GC) type, and platelet aggregability threshold index (PATI). Multiple regression analysis showed that the antiplatelet therapy greatly influenced the GC type. Platelet aggregability, which accelerated with aging, was strongly suppressed by ticlopidine. Furthermore, excluding samples with antiplatelet therapy, statistical analysis showed that platelet aggregability was accelerated in women, and in patients with bilateral or complicated carotid lesions, although these patients were significantly older than the others. These findings suggested that accelerated aggregability in the elderly substantially reflected the progress of arteriosclerosis with age. Moreover, the findings indicated that the determination of GC type and PATI were useful in monitoring elderly patients receiving antiplatelet therapy, especially with ticlopidine.
Theoretical Foundations of Digital Imaging using MATLAB (2013)

The book consists of 8 chapters and begins with mathematical preliminaries (Chapter 2), which gives the reader the necessary background for the book. The author assumes that the reader has sufficient mathematical and signal processing background to follow the equations and proofs. The MATLAB code has sufficient comments for the function headers, but the comments are somewhat lacking in the actual function bodies. The book itself does not contain any MATLAB software instructions. It should be noted that all of the MATLAB .m files that are referenced in the preface direct the reader to go to the book’s webpage on the CRC Press website, http://www.crcpress.com/product/ISBN/9781439861400, to download the appropriate files.