gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual-mode optical projection tomography microscope using gold nanorods and hematoxylin-stained cancer cells (2010)

An optical projection tomography microscope (OPTM) can improve axial resolution by viewing a sample from different perspectives. Here, we report a dual-mode OPTM that can generate 3D images of single cancer cells in both absorption mode and polarization mode. Cancer cells were labeled with hematoxylin for absorption imaging and nanorods for polarization imaging. Absorption images can provide morphologic information, and polarization images can provide molecular information. The combination of molecular detection and 3D cytological cell analysis may help with early cancer diagnosis.
Evaluation of lumbar overload in hotel maids (2012)

Negative ergonomic aspects are associated with the development or aggravation of musculoskeletal disorders in these workers. We suggest modification in work organisation. Another possibility is decreased the weight of the carts, keeping areas of replacement material on each floor.
VLSI implementation of a variable-length pipeline scheme for data-driven processors (1989)

A VLSI-oriented variable-length pipeline structure for data-driven processors is presented. Ordinary inline pipelines have the problem of minimizing the average total processing time through the pipeline, since subdivision of a function along the pipeline is usually optimized for the most complex operations in spite of the fact that simpler operations need fewer stages. As a solution to this problem, a variable-length pipeline scheme in which data go through only the necessary stages according to information contained within is proposed. The scheme has been implemented on a test chip to verify performance. The chip demonstrated a minimum fall-through time (data transmission time from input to output) of 14.4 ns and a data transmission rate in the pipeline of 59 megaword/s (that is, 1/16.9 ns) as a first-in first-out (FIFO) store. By modifying the data transfer control and allocating the processing functions corresponding to the data interval of 16.9 ns, this scheme is applicable as a high-performance processing unit for data-driven processors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Inhibition of the growth of glioblastomas by CGP 41251, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, and by a phorbol ester tumor promoter. (1996)

Protein kinase C (PKC) plays a central role in signal transduction pathways that mediate the action of certain growth factors, tumor promoters, and cellular oncogenes. To explore whether PKC might be an appropriate target for the chemotherapy of human brain tumors, cell lines were established from five glioblastomas, one mixed gliosarcoma and glioblastoma, two astrocytomas, and one choroid plexus carcinoma. The staurosporine derivative CGP 41251, an inhibitor of PKC, inhibited cell proliferation in all nine cell lines with an IC50 in the range of 0.4 micrometer. Drug withdrawal and clonogenicity assays showed that CGP 41251 induced an irreversible growth arrest. Three cell lines were examined in detail: two human glioblastoma cell lines, GB-1 and GB-2, and one gliosarcoma cell line, GS-1. All of these three cell lines were highly aneuploid and displayed morphologies and immunohistochemical markers characteristic of the glial lineage. The compound 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a tumor promoter and activator of PKC, also inhibited the growth of these cell lines. CGP 41251 in combination with TPA caused further growth inhibition. Cultures treated with CGP 41251 displayed an increase in the fraction of cells in G2-M, a decrease of cells in S phase, and no consistent effect on G0-G1. Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that growth inhibition by CGP 41251 was associated with the formation of giant nuclei with extensive fragmentation and apoptotic bodies. These effects of CGP 41251 were abrogated by withdrawal of serum from the medium or by exposure of these cells to aphidicolin, actinomycin D, cycloheximide, or TPA. In contrast to the effects seen with the glioblastoma cell lines, nontransformed astrocyte lines remained viable in the presence of 0.4 and 0.8 micrometer CGP 41251 and displayed only a slight increase in the fraction of giant nuclei with fragmentation. The antitumor activity of CGP 41251 was demonstrated in vivo against xenografts of the glioblastoma cell lines U87 MG and U373 MG. These findings suggest that CGP 41251 might be a useful agent for the treatment of glioblastomas.
Resistotyping of Staphylococcus Aureus (1974)

SUMMARY Resistotyping is based on differences in the resistance of strains of a given species to a selection of chemicals used at critical concentrations. The method was applied to Staphylococcus aureus and the patterns of response were used for epidemiological enquiry. Amongst the chemicals used were metals, and these markers showed the plasmid-associated instability already known from genetic studies. Generally the resistotypes obtained and the phage-typing patterns gave parallel information. There were examples of staphylococcal outbreaks, however, in which resistotyping amplified or clarified the findings indicated by phage-typing patterns. Conversely, in other instances phage-typing patterns subdivided a common resistotype. This investigation confirms the validity of resistotyping as a method of epidemiological tracing applicable to widely differing bacterial species.
Conversion of urinary selenium to selenium(IV) by wet oxidation (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConversion of urinary selenium to selenium(IV) by wet oxidationMorteza. Janghorbani, Bill T. C. Ting, Ara. Nahapetian, and Vernon R. YoungCite this: Anal. Chem. 1982, 54, 7, 1188–1190Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00244a040RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (427 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Effect of Ligand Shell Structure on the Interaction between Monolayer-Protected Gold Nanoparticles (2008)

Here we present a comparative analysis of two types of equally monodisperse gold nanoparticles (∼8 nm in diameter), one coated only with dodecanethiol ligands and the other coated with a mixture of dodecanethiol and 4-methylbenzenethiol ligands. The former particles (‘homoligand') have a homogeneous coating, while the latter ones (‘rippled') show a striated structure composed of phase-separated ribbon-like domains of alternating composition. A combined scanning tunneling and transmission electron microscopy study shows that homoligand nanoparticles interdigitate into one another less than rippled particles and readily form hexagonally packed supracrystals, while rippled particles are trapped in more disordered ‘glassy' arrangements.
Organization and Potential Function of the <i>mrjp3</i> Locus in Four Honeybee Species (2005)

Royal jelly is a nutritious secretion produced by nurse honeybees to provision queens and growing larvae. Major proteins of royal jelly are mutually similar, and they all belong to the MRJP/yellow protein family (pfam03022). The mrjp3 loci in four traditional honeybee species (Apis mellifera, Apis cerana,Apis dorsata, and Apis florea) were sequenced and found to share high sequence and structural similarities. PCR analyses confirmed the presence of an extensive repetitive region, which showed size and sequence polymorphisms in all species. The evolutionary history of mrjp genes and their repetitive regions was reconstructed from their nucleotide sequences. The analyses proved that the repeat region appeared early in the evolution of the mrjp gene family and that the extreme elongation of the repeat is mrjp3 specific. In the MRJPs was documented a correlation between nitrogen content and repeat length. Therefore, it is argued that the repeat occurred due to a selection for an increase in nitrogen storage for a more efficient nutrition of queens and larvae.
Functional role of a distal (3′-phosphate) group of CoA in the recombinant human liver medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase-catalysed reaction (1997)

The X-ray crystallographic structure of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD)-octenoyl-CoA complex reveals that the 3'-phosphate group of CoA is confined to the exterior of the protein structure [approx. 15 A (1.5 nm) away from the enzyme active site], and is fully exposed to the outside solvent environment. To ascertain whether such a distal (3'-phosphate) fragment of CoA plays any significant role in the enzyme catalysis, we investigated the recombinant human liver MCAD (HMCAD)-catalysed reaction by using normal (phospho) and 3'-phosphate-truncated (dephospho) forms of octanoyl-CoA and butyryl-CoA substrates. The steady-state kinetic data revealed that deletion of the 3'-phosphate group from octanoyl-CoA substrate increased the turnover rate of the enzyme to about one-quarter, whereas that from butyryl-CoA substrate decreased the turnover rate of the enzyme to about one-fifth; the Km values of both these substrates were increased by 5-10-fold on deletion of the 3'-phosphate group from the corresponding acyl-CoA substrates. The transient kinetics for the reductive half-reaction, oxidative half-reaction and the dissociation 'off-rate' (of the reaction product from the oxidized enzyme site) were all found to be affected by deletions of the 3'-phosphate group from octanoyl-CoA and butyryl-CoA substrates. A cumulative account of these results reveals that, although the 3'-phosphate group of acyl-CoA substrates might seem 'useless' on the basis of the structural data, it has an essential functional role during HMCAD catalysis.
Immunoblot analysis of serum immunoglobulin G response to surface proteins of Clostridium difficile in patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (1989)

We examined by immunoblot analysis the serum immunoglobulin G antibody response to EDTA-extracted surface proteins of Clostridium difficile in 16 patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. For each patient, paired serum samples were tested against proteins of the infecting strain and of a collection strain (C253) known to belong to the electrophoretic group 2 pattern. Eight patients, all harboring group 2 C. difficile strains, exhibited responses to the proteins of the infecting strain; six patients showed increases in the level of antibodies between acute-phase and convalescent-phase sera. A great variability in the antigens recognized was found; however, seven patients possessed antibodies directed against an antigen of about 35 kilodaltons, corresponding to the major protein of group 2 strains. The sera of these seven patients cross-reacted also with the 35-kilodalton and other proteins of strain C253. Our data show that C. difficile proteins other than toxins can elicit an immune response in patients with C. difficile-associated disease; in this group of patients, the major surface protein of the group 2 strains was the antigen most often recognized.
MR cardiac imaging using breath-hold gradient echo acquisition (2002)

Despite the progress in fast scan MRI techniques, it has not been possible to routinely image the heart rapidly enough so as to collect all image data during one breath-hold. Cardiac images are therefore degraded by respiratory motion during several minutes of data acquisition. Fast scan images also have limited SNR and inadequate myocardium-to-chamber contrast. The purpose of this work was to address these limitations by blood suppression, centric or centric-like view ordering, and data acquisition in diastole with 2DFT and 3DFT gradient echo acquisition. High resolution black-blood cardiac images were acquired. The endocardial surface is very well delineated. In a series of 13 volunteer studies these methods have consistently provided superior quality visualization of intraventricular structures. The authors believe the images are a significant improvement over previous results generated with gradient echo and echo-planar techniques, and rival high quality gated spin-echo results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Biochemistry and clinical relevance of lipoprotein X. (1984)

Lipoprotein X (LP-X) is an abnormal lipoprotein that appears in the sera of patients with obstructive jaundice and is thus a marker for cholestasis. The presence of LP-X in serum does not allow discrimination between intra- and extra-hepatic cholestasis. In addition LP-X is present in the plasma of patients with familial plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) deficiency. It is a spherical particle that aggregates strongly. Phospholipids and unesterified cholesterol make up the bulk of LP-X, which is a low density lipoprotein. Protein, cholesterol esters, and triglycerides together make up 12 percent of the composition of LP-X. Lithocholic acid is the major bile acid in LP-X. Three species of LP-X have been isolated (LP-X1, LP-X2 and LP-X3). Because of its aggregating properties, LP-X complexes with enzymes, such as alkaline phosphatase. Electrophoretic and immunochemical methods are available for assay of LP-X. The fact that bile lipoprotein can be converted to LP-X by addition of albumin, and LP-X can be converted to bile lipoprotein by the addition of bile salts may suggest that the integrity of the LPX molecule depends on a certain critical bile salts to albumin ratio. Phospholipase in plasma is implicated in the catabolism of LP-X. The role of LP-X in cholestasis is apparently related to the removal of free cholesterol from the circulation as a consequence of its aggregating properties.
Comparison of mechanical strength of reforming catalysts of different geometry (2009)

Manufacturing of the first commercial lot of sphere-shaped reforming catalyst granules for units with a fixed catalyst bed and relevance of wide-scale application of sphere-shaped catalysts instead of extrudates made it necessary to compare mechanical crushing and attrition strengths of reforming catalysts having the form of cylinder-shaped extrudates and spherical granules. No such data have been published as of yet. The advantages of spherical catalysts for semi-regenerative reforming units, which is attributed to the absence of fines, the ability to form a dense bed, as well as practical convenience for the end users working with spherical catalysts are show. The results of the operation of the first test lot of RB-44U “Sh” spherical catalyst at a commercial unit which confirm high strength parameters and point to increased activity and selectivity are demonstrated. The presented collection of the data reveals advantages of sphere-shaped catalysts, namely their mechanical strength and some properties associated with catalyst utilization.
A Ripple-Based Constant On-Time Control With Virtual Inductor Current and Offset Cancellation for DC Power Converters (2012)

In recent years, there has been a growing trend of mandating high-power conversion efficiency, for not only the heavy-load but also the light-load conditions. To achieve this purpose, a ripple-based constant on-time (RBCOT) control for dc–dc converters has received wide attentions because of its natural characteristic of switching frequency reduction under the light-load condition. However, a RBCOT control suffers from an output-voltage offset problem and a subharmonic instability problem. In this paper, a modified RBCOT buck converter circuit is proposed to solve both problems. The circuit uses the concept of virtual inductor current to stabilize the feedback, and an offset-cancellation circuit to eliminate the output dc offset. The modified circuit can be fabricated into an integrated circuit (IC) without adding any pin compared to conventional circuits. A control model based on describing function is developed for the modified converter. The small-signal characteristics and design criteria to meet stability are derived. From the model, it is also found out that it is much easier to accomplish adaptive voltage positioning using the proposed modified RBCOT scheme compared to a conventional constant-frequency controller. Simulation and experimental results are given to verify the proposed scheme.
Degradation of graphite/bismaleimide laminates with multiple embedded fiber optic sensors (1990)

This paper summarizes the reduction in mechanical properties of graphite/bismaleimide (Gr/BMI) laminates due to the presence of multiple embedded fiber-optic sensors. Previous work has shown that small quantities of optical fibers embedded parallel to the loading direction have only a negligible effect on the tension behavior of laminated structures. This work establishes the significance of larger quantities of embedded optical fibers on the tensile and compressive behavior of composite laminates. Experimental strength and modulus data from six test groups of seven tension and seven compression specimens are compared to a control group. All specimens were fabricated from G40-600/5245C Gr/BMI pre-preg tape to form a [°3/9o2/°]s stacking sequence. The quantity of optical fibers embedded parallel to the loading direction was varied in the different test groups. Uniaxial compression testing using an IITRI fixture and uniaxial tension testing were performed in accordance with ASTM Standards. Catastrophic failure was induced by fiber fracture. Results indicate that large quantities of embedded optical fibers reduce the static tensile strength up to 4% and stiffness up to 9%, while reducing the static compressive strength up to 24% and stiffness up to 20%. It is concluded that large quantities of embedded optical fibers result in significant degradation of the compressive strength of laminated composite structures, but do not significantly affect the tensile behavior.
Does Degenerative Lumbar Spine Disease Influence Femoroacetabular Flexion in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty? (2016)

When planning THA, it may be important to consider which patients sit with less posterior pelvic tilt and those who rotate their pelvises forward to achieve a sitting position, as both mechanisms will limit or reduce the functional anteversion of the acetabular component in a patient with a THA. Our study provides some additional perspective on normal relationships between pelvic tilt and femoroacetabular flexion, but further research might better characterize this relationship in outliers and the possible implications for posterior instability after THA.
Pump-beam-induced optical damage depended on repetition frequency and pulse width in 4-dimethylamino-<i>N</i> ′-methyl-4<i>′</i>-stilbazolium tosylate crystal (2013)

We investigated the dependence of optical damage to an organic nonlinear optical crystal of 4-dimethylamino-N′-methyl-4′-stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) on the repetition frequency and pulse width of the pump beam used to cause the thermal damage. For a pump beam with a pulse width of 15 ns at a wavelength of 1064 nm, the highest damage threshold of 8.0 J/cm2 was measured for repetition frequencies in the range from 10 to 40 Hz. On the other hand, DAST crystals were easily damaged under the repetition rates from 50 to 100 Hz. For 600-ps pulses, a higher damage threshold that was a factor of 11 to 28 times higher in terms of peak intensity was obtained compared with that of 15-ns pulses. In both the cases of 15-ns pulse duration and 600-ps duration, we demonstrated that the thermal effects in DAST crystals dominated the optical damage, which depended on thermal accumulation and dissipation.
Human Intention Inference Using Expectation-Maximization Algorithm With Online Model Learning (2016)

An algorithm called adaptive-neural-intention estimator (ANIE) is presented to infer the intent of a human operator's arm movements based on the observations from a 3-D camera sensor (Microsoft Kinect). Intentions are modeled as the goal locations of reaching motions in 3-D space. Human arm's nonlinear motion dynamics are modeled using an unknown nonlinear function with intentions represented as parameters. The unknown model is learned by using a neural network. Based on the learned model, an approximate expectation-maximization algorithm is developed to infer human intentions. Furthermore, an identifier-based online model learning algorithm is developed to adapt to the variations in the arm motion dynamics, the motion trajectory, the goal locations, and the initial conditions of different human subjects. The results of experiments conducted on data obtained from different users performing a variety of reaching motions are presented. The ANIE algorithm is compared with an unsupervised Gaussian mixture model algorithm and an Euclidean distance-based approach by using Cornell's CAD-120 data set and data collected in the Robotics and Controls Laboratoy at UConn. The ANIE algorithm is compared with the inverse LQR and ATCRF algorithms using a labeling task carried out on the CAD-120 data set.
Discovery of Dibenzo[<i>c</i>,<i>f</i>][2,7]naphthyridines as Potent and Selective 3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Kinase-1 Inhibitors (2007)

With high-throughput screening, substituted dibenzo[c,f][2,7]naphthyridine 1 was identified as a novel potent and selective phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK-1) inhibitor. Various regions of the lead molecule were explored to understand the SAR requirement for this scaffold. The crystal structure of 1 with kinase domain of PDK-1 confirmed the binding in the active site. The key interaction of the molecule with the active site residues, observed SAR, and the biological profile are discussed in detail.
Synthesis and reactivity of cobalt boryl complexes (2006)

The reaction between [Co(PMe3)4] and B2(4-Mecat)2 (4-Mecat = 1,2-O2-4-MeC6H3) or between [Co(PMe2Ph)4] and B2(cat)2 (cat = 1,2-O2C6H4) affords the paramagnetic Co(II) bisboryl complexes [Co(PMe3)3[B(4-Mecat)]2] and [Co(PMe2Ph)3{B(cat)]2] respectively, both of which have been structurally characterised. ESR data and preliminary diboration and boryl transfer reactivity studies are also presented. The reaction between [CoMe(PMe3)4] and B2(cat)2 affords the Co(I) monoboryl complex [Co(PMe3)4[B(cat)]].