gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of UV single-mode and low-mode fibers (2010)

There is an increasing demand for UV single-mode fibers with long-term stability. Due to the small diameter, the coupling efficiency is extremely low, if broadband light-sources or LEDs with near field diameter in the order of approx. 500 μm are used. Therefore, UV lasers are the real candidates for these fibers. Although the power is in the order of several milliwatts, the intensity in the small fiber core is significantly high. Therefore, UV damage has to be taken into account, even in the wavelength region above 300 nm. After the introduction of adjusted measurement systems for these fibers, the properties of some low-mode and single-mode fibers will be shown and discussed.
Regularisation of neural networks by enforcing Lipschitz continuity (2020)

Abstract We investigate the effect of explicitly enforcing the Lipschitz continuity of neural networks with respect to their inputs. To this end, we provide a simple technique for computing an upper bound to the Lipschitz constant—for multiple p -norms—of a feed forward neural network composed of commonly used layer types. Our technique is then used to formulate training a neural network with a bounded Lipschitz constant as a constrained optimisation problem that can be solved using projected stochastic gradient methods. Our evaluation study shows that the performance of the resulting models exceeds that of models trained with other common regularisers. We also provide evidence that the hyperparameters are intuitive to tune, demonstrate how the choice of norm for computing the Lipschitz constant impacts the resulting model, and show that the performance gains provided by our method are particularly noticeable when only a small amount of training data is available.
Cross-talk between TGFβ1 and EGFR signalling pathways induces TM4SF5 expression and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (2012)

The EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) is involved in fibrosis and cancer, and is regulated by different signalling pathways mediated through soluble factors, actin reorganization and transcription factor actions. Because the tetraspan (also called tetraspanin) TM4SF5 (transmembrane 4 L6 family member 5) is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and induces EMT, understanding how TM4SF5 expression in hepatocytes is regulated is important. We explored the mechanisms that induce TM4SF5 expression and whether impaired signalling pathways for TM4SF5 expression inhibit the acquisition of mesenchymal cell features, using human and mouse normal hepatocytes. We found that TGFβ1 (transforming growth factor β1)-mediated Smad activation caused TM4SF5 expression and EMT, and activation of the EGFR [EGF (epidermal growth factor) receptor] pathway. Inhibition of EGFR activity following TGFβ1 treatment abolished acquisition of EMT, suggesting a link from Smads to EGFR for TM4SF5 expression. Further, TGFβ1-mediated EGFR activation and TM4SF5 expression were abolished by EGFR suppression or extracellular EGF depletion. Smad overexpression mediated EGFR activation and TM4SF5 expression in the absence of serum, and EGFR kinase inactivation or EGF depletion abolished Smad-overexpression-induced TM4SF5 and mesenchymal cell marker expression. Inhibition of Smad, EGFR or TM4SF5 using Smad7 or small compounds also blocked TM4SF5 expression and/or EMT. These results indicate that TGFβ1- and growth factor-mediated signalling activities mediate TM4SF5 expression leading to acquisition of mesenchymal cell features, suggesting that TM4SF5 induction may be involved in the development of liver pathologies.
Development of sequential prediction system for Large scale database-based online modeling (2007)

This paper reports a sequential prediction system of “Large scale database-based Online Modeling (LOM)”. The sequential prediction system predicts time-series process variables repeating processing that predicts process variables of next step by using the predicted process variables of previous step and prepared manipulated variables. Furthermore, the system is applied to the industrial reactor; Practical effectiveness of the system is verified. As the result, the system has predicted the process variables with satisfactory accuracy. The practical effectiveness has been confirmed.
Gas permeation barriers deposited by atmospheric pressure plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (2015)

This paper reports on aluminum oxide (Al2O3) thin film gas permeation barriers fabricated by atmospheric pressure atomic layer deposition (APPALD) using trimethylaluminum and an Ar/O2 plasma at moderate temperatures of 80 °C in a flow reactor. The authors demonstrate the ALD growth characteristics of Al2O3 films on silicon and indium tin oxide coated polyethylene terephthalate. The properties of the APPALD-grown layers (refractive index, density, etc.) are compared to that deposited by conventional thermal ALD at low pressures. The films films deposited at atmospheric pressure show water vapor transmission rates as low as 5 × 10−5 gm−2d−1.
Computer aided design of holographic antennas (2003)

This paper describes the design of simplified through-type and reflect-type holographic antennas for individual direct broadcasting by satellite (DBS) reception. Created software tools enable a very fast definition of the optimum configuration and dimensions of the holographic antenna zones, and simultaneously allow fast determination of the electrical performance of an antenna.
An efficient algorithm for monitoring practical TPTL specifications (2016)

We provide a dynamic programming algorithm for the monitoring of a fragment of Timed Propositional Temporal Logic (TPTL) specifications. This fragment of TPTL, which is more expressive than Metric Temporal Logic, is characterized by independent time variables which enable the elicitation of complex real-time requirements. For this fragment, we provide an efficient polynomial time algorithm for off-line monitoring of finite traces. Finally, we provide experimental results on a prototype implementation of our tool in order to demonstrate the feasibility of using our tool in practical applications.
Imaging myocardial fiber architecture <i>in vivo</i> with magnetic resonance (1995)

Methods are presented to image the fiber architecture of the human myocardium in vitro and in vivo. NMR images are obtained of the diffusion anisotropy tensor, indicative of local myofiber orientation. Studies of cardiac necropsy specimens demonstrate classic features of ventricular myoarchitecture including the continuous endocardial to epicardial variation of fiber helix angles (angles to the ventricular circumferential direction) of approximately +1.3 to -1.3 radians. Cross-fiber anisotropy is also observed. In the beating heart, NMR diffusion data must be corrected for the effects of myocardial deformation during the cardiac cycle. This correction can be performed using an independent MRI method to map the strain-rate tensor field of the myocardium through time. Combining fiber orientation with local myocardial strain rate, local rates of myocardial fiber shortening may be computed.
The role of the estrogen in neuroprotection: implications for neurodegenerative diseases. (2004)

In trying to rectify the differences in the risk, onset, and progression of neurodegenerative diseases between men and women, the gonadal hormone estrogen has been the primary focus of investigation for many years. Although this gender difference may encompass disparate and overlapping reasons, estrogen and signaling events mediated by its receptor have been shown to be neuroprotective in a number of neurodegenerative disease models such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Schizophrenia. Although data from human studies remains highly controversial, a large body of research findings suggests that this hormone plays a pivotal role in retarding and preventing the formation of neurodegenerative diseases through its receptor. By activating common intracellular signaling pathways and initiating "cross talk" with neurotrophins, estrogen plays an influential role in neuronal survival from injuries induced by ischemia or other environmental insults. Gaining a better understanding of these estrogen receptor mediated neuroprotective mechanisms may lead to new therapeutic strategies for the treatment or prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
Are AES x86 cache timing attacks still feasible? (2012)

We argue that five recent software and hardware developments - the AES-NI instructions, multicore processors with per-core caches, complex modern software, sophisticated prefetchers, and physically tagged caches - combine to make it substantially more difficult to mount data-cache side-channel attacks on AES than previously realized. We propose ways in which some of the challenges posed by these developments might be overcome. We also consider scenarios where side-channel attacks are attractive, and whether our proposed workarounds might be applicable to these scenarios.
Electronic Properties and Metrology Applications of the Diamond<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>NV</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>Center under Pressure (2014)

The negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) center in diamond has realized new frontiers in quantum technology. Here, the optical and spin resonances of the NV- center are observed under hydrostatic pressures up to 60 GPa. Our results motivate powerful new techniques to measure pressure and image high-pressure magnetic and electric phenomena. Additionally, molecular orbital analysis and semiclassical calculations provide insight into the effects of compression on the electronic orbitals of the NV- center.
Synthetic oxygen carriers related to biological systems (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic oxygen carriers related to biological systemsRobert D. Jones, David A. Summerville, and Fred. BasoloCite this: Chem. Rev. 1979, 79, 2, 139–179Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60318a002https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60318a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4343Altmetric-Citations945LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nutrient intake patterns, body mass index, and vitamin levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (1997)

Rheumatoid arthritis patients are at high risk of obesity, abnormal vitamin levels, and poor nutrient intakes. Changes in body mass index failed to correlate with changes in disease activity.
Total Synthesis and Molecular Target of Largazole, a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor (2008)

Full details of the concise and convergent synthesis (eight steps, 19% overall yield), its extension to the preparation of a series of key analogues, and the molecular target and pharmacophore of largazole are described. Central to the synthesis of largazole is a macrocyclization reaction for formation of the strained 16-membered depsipeptide core followed by an olefin cross-metathesis reaction for installation of the thioester. The biological evaluation of largazole and its key analogues, including an acetyl analogue, a thiol analogue, and a hydroxyl analogue, suggested that histone deacetylases (HDACs) are molecular targets of largazole and largazole is a class I HDAC inhibitor. In addition, structure−activity relationship (SAR) studies revealed that the thiol group is the pharmacophore of the natural product. Largazole’s HDAC inhibitory activity correlates with its antiproliferative activity.
Scintillating LXe/LKr electromagnetic calorimeter (1994)

A scintillating LXe/LKr electromagnetic calorimeter has been built at the ITEP and tested at the BATES (MIT) accelerator. The detector consists of PMT matrix and 45 light collecting cells made of aluminized 50 microns Mylar partially covered with p-terphenyle as a wavelength-shifter (WLS). Each pyramidal cell has (2.1/spl times/2.1)/spl times/40/spl times/(4.15/spl times/4.15) cm dimensions and is viewed by FEU-85 glass-window photomultiplier. The detector has been exposed at 106-348 MeV electron beam. The energy resolution /spl sigma//sub E//E/spl cong/5%//spl radic/E at 100-350 MeV range in LXe, the coordinate resolution /spl sigma//sub x//spl cong/0.7, the time resolution /spl sigma//sub t//spl cong/0.6 ns for single cell have been obtained. Possible ways to improve energy resolution are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An efficient way of passing of data in a multithreaded scheduled dataflow architecture (2005)

The scheduled dataflow (SDF) architecture deviates from current trend of building complex hardware to exploit instruction level parallelism (ILP) by exploring a simpler, yet powerful execution paradigm that is based on dataflow, multithreading and decoupling of memory accesses from execution. A program is partitioned into non-blocking threads and all memory accesses are decoupled from the thread's execution. Data is pre-loaded into the thread's context (registers), and all results are post-stored after the completion of the thread's execution. This paper presents an efficient way of storing of data into the thread's register context directly as opposed to storing of data into the frame memory. This way eliminates the need for creating thread frames when there are sufficient register contexts available in the system. Thus, it is possible to explore the scalability of SDF architecture's performance when more register contexts are available on the chip. All the benchmarks ran using these two methods show performance improvement of at least about 20%. This method of allocating data to a consecutive thread in a multithreaded architecture could be applied generally.
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Diagnostics of Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) (2011)

Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) is a widespread blood feeding pest of humans around the world, including North America, and has recently undergone a resurgence. A molecular diagnostic technique applying multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to distinguish bed bug eggs, leg fragments, and degraded samples from other arthropods that frequently occur in human dwellings. A 410-428-bp region of the mitochondrial DNA 16S rRNA gene was used. To design C. lectularius-specific PCR primers, DNA sequences of various bed bug samples from the United States, Canada, and Australia, along with sequences of other Cimicidae and arthropods that often occur in dwellings, were considered. Based on DNA sequence variation, one reverse PCR primer specific for C. lectularius was identified. Multiplex PCR using three primers will yield a 417- and 140-bp amplicon for C. lectularius and a single 410-428-bp amplicon for other taxa. This assay was successful in identifying C. lectularius eggs, leg fragments, and degraded samples. This technique should provide a reliable, quick, and economical technique for identifying C. lectularius, when morphological identification is not possible.
Concomitant Inhibition of MDM2 and Bcl-2 Protein Function Synergistically Induce Mitochondrial Apoptosis in AML (2006)

Disruption of Mdm2-p53 interaction activates p53 signaling, disrupts the balance of antiapoptotic and proapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins and induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Overexpression of Bcl-2 may inhibit this effect. Thus, functional inactivation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins may enhance apoptogenic effects of Mdm2 inhibition. We here investigate the potential therapeutic utility of combined targeting of Mdm2 by Nutlin-3a and Bcl-2 by ABT-737, recently developed inhibitors of protein-protein interactions. Nutlin-3a and ABT-737 induced Bax conformational change and mitochondrial apoptosis in AML cells in a strikingly synergistic fashion. Nutlin-3a induced p53-mediated apoptosis predominantly in S and G2/M cells, while cells in G1 were protected through induction of p21. In contrast, ABT-737 induced apoptosis predominantly in G1, the cell cycle phase with the lowest Bcl-2 protein levels and Bcl-2/Bax ratios. In addition, Bcl-2 phosphorylation on Ser70 was absent in G1 but detectable in G2/M, thus lower Bcl-2 levels and absence of Bcl-2 phosphorylation appeared to facilitate ABT-737-induced apoptosis of G1 cells. The complementary effects of Nutlin-3a and ABT-737 in different cell cycle phases could, in part, account for their synergistic activity. Our data suggest that combined targeting of Mdm2 and Bcl-2 proteins could offer considerable therapeutic promise in AML.
Multiple Oxidants in Cytochrome P450 Catalyzed Reactions Implications for Drug Metabolism (2001)

The activation of molecular oxygen by Cytochromes P450 to the ultimate mono-oxygen oxidant species involves three distinct dioxygen species coordinated to the heme iron. These intermediates have different chemical properties, and have recently been proposed to participate in some Cytochrome P450-catalyzed oxidation reactions. This article reviews the extent of our current knowledge on the roles proposed for the heme- peroxo, hydroperoxo, and superoxo complexes in various reactions. The extent to which such species contribute to the breadth of reactions catalyzed by Cytochrome P450 has yet to be defined, and more definitive experiments are needed to establish such species in the reactions they are proposed to effect.
Taking Refuge in Your Personal Sentic Corner (2011)

In a world in which web users are continuously blasted by ads and often compelled to deal with user-unfriendly interfaces, we sometimes feel like we want to evade from the sensory overload of standard web pages and take refuge in a safe web corner, in which contents and design are in harmony with our current frame of mind. Sentic Corner is an intelligent user interface that dynamically collects audio, video, images and text related to the user’s current feelings and activities as an interconnected knowledge base, which is browsable through a multi-faceted classification website. 1
Properties of an N-terminal Proteolytic Fragment of Apolipoprotein AI in Solution and in Reconstituted High Density Lipoproteins (1995)

Limited proteolysis was used to study the domain structure and to produce a large N-terminal fragment of human apolipoprotein AI (apoAI). Digestion of reconstituted high density lipoprotein (rHDL) prepared with apoAI and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine or palmitoyloleoyl phosphatidylcholine by chymotrypsin, trypsin, elastase, and subtilisin generated a major fragment of 22 kDa. Under milder conditions proteolysis of lipid-free apoAI produced a fragment of similar size. The fragments shared the same N terminus as intact apoAI, and the chymotryptic fragment had a molecular weight of 22,384 as determined by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Thus the fragment consists of the N-terminal 192 amino acid residues of apoAI, and the region around Tyr192 seems to be especially accessible to proteases. In aqueous solution the fragment, apoAI-(1-192), had an alpha-helix content similar to that of apoAI (approximately 52%) but existed only as monomers and dimers. ApoAI-(1-192) lysed dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine liposomes slowly compared with apoAI but did form rHDL complexes with palmitoyloleoyl phosphatidylcholine or dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine when prepared by the sodium cholate dialysis method. ApoAI-(1-192) rHDL exhibited sizes and size distributions distinct from apoAI rHDL but displayed similar stability against denaturation. The isolated apoAI-(1-192) rHDLs retained a high ability to activate lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, comparable with the most effective apoAI rHDL. The results suggest that the C-terminal domain of apoAI is crucial for self-association and initial lipid binding but is not involved in specific lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activation.
High yield scalable dry etch process for indium based heterojunction bipolar transistors (2003)

A dry etch process for fabricating high-performance In-based heterojunction bipolar transistors is described. The 2 mu m*4 mu m emitter was formed by electron cyclotron resonance CH/sub 4//H/sub 2//Ar plasma etch, thus minimizing damage and providing excellent pattern transfer of the emitter metal mask. In order to minimize parasitics and insure high yields, an SiO/sub 2/-filled trench base-mesa is used, under the self-aligned based contact pad, to define the active base area. As a further yield enhancement and to enable eventual submicron scaling of devices, planarization and reactive ion etchback of Futurrex PC2-1500 polymer were performed to expose emitter terminals. Devices with emitter sizes of 2 mu m*4 mu m demonstrated current gains of 50 with f/sub T/ (cutoff frequency) and f/sub max/ (maximum frequency of oscillation) values measured at >80 GHz and >60 GHz, respectively. By employing a two-stage collector structure, V/sub ceo/ in excess of 7 V is realized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
POST-WELD TREATMENT OF A WELDED BRIDGE GIRDER BY ULTRASONIC IMPACT TREATMENT (1996)

This report is a follow up to demonstration of a new ultrasonic hammer peening technique (Ultrasonic Impact Treatment – UIT) held at the Federal Highway Administration's Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center in McLean, Virginia on June 6, 1996. Representatives of Fenix Technology International, Inc. post-treated some of the fillet welds on a welded plate girder in the laboratory with the ultrasonic equipment. Following treatment, fatigue test specimens were cut from the plate girder to study the fatigue behavior of both treated and untreated weldments. Results indicate that the fatigue performance of the weldments was improved following the UIT treatment.