gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Factor H, a regulator of complement activity, is a major determinant of meningococcal disease susceptibility in UK Caucasian patients (2006)

Defence against Neisseria meningitidis involves complement-mediated bactericidal activity. Factor H (fH) down-regulates complement activation. A putatively functional single-nucleotide-polymorphism (SNP) exists within a presumed nuclear-factor-kappa-B responsive element (NF-kB) in the fH gene (C-496T). Genetic and functional investigations were carried out to determine whether C-496T has a role in meningococcal disease (MD) susceptibility. Genetic susceptibility was investigated in 2 independent studies, a case-control and family-based transmission-disequilibrium-test (TDT), using 2 separate cohorts of UK Caucasian patients. MD susceptibility was both genetically associated with the C/C homozygous genotype (OR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.3 - 3.2, p = 0.001) and linked to the C allele (p = 0.04), the association being most significant in serogroup C infected patients (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.6 - 5.5, p = 0.0002). FH serum concentrations were also associated with C-496T genotype, with highest fH concentrations in C/C homozygous individuals (p = 0.01). Functional studies showed NF-kappa-B binding to the C-496T-containing region and that pre-incubation of fH with meningococci reduced bactericidal activity and increased meningococci B and C survival in blood. This study shows that C-496T is both associated and linked with MD and that individuals possessing the fH C-496T C/C genotype are more likely to have increased serum fH protein levels, have reduced bactericidal activity against meningococci and be at an increased risk of contracting MD.
Running Springs: Speed and Animal Size (1993)

Trotting and hopping animals use muscles, tendons and ligaments to store and return elastic energy as they bounce along the ground. We examine how the musculoskeletal spring system operates at different speeds and in animals of different sizes. We model trotting and hopping as a simple spring-mass system which consists of a leg spring and a mass. We find that the stiffness of the leg spring (k(leg)) is nearly independent of speed in dogs, goats, horses and red kangaroos. As these animals trot or hop faster, the leg spring sweeps a greater angle during the stance phase, and the vertical excursion of the center of mass during the ground contact phase decreases. The combination of these changes to the spring system causes animals to bounce off the ground more quickly at higher speeds. Analysis of a wide size range of animals (0.1-140 kg) at equivalent speeds reveals that larger animals have stiffer leg springs (k(leg) [symbol: see text] M0.67, where M is body mass), but that the angle swept by the leg spring is nearly independent of body mass. As a result, the resonant period of vertical vibration of the spring-mass system is longer in larger animals. The length of time that the feet are in contact with the ground increases with body mass in nearly the same way as the resonant period of vertical vibration.
Synthesis of quaternary ammonium coated surfaces: Physico-chemistry, bacterial killing and phagocytosis (2016)

The number one cause of failure of biomaterial implants and devices is the occurrence of biomaterial-associated infection. A universal method to create biomaterial implants and devices with intrinsic antimicrobial functionalities is difficult. Immobilizing antimicrobial coatings on existing biomaterials is, on the other hand, relatively simple. In this work we prepared a coating with quaternary ammonium surface groups that kill bacteria upon contact and evaluated the ability of such coating against bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. The prepared coating is shape-adaptive and contact-killing and able to kill more than 99.99% of the adhering Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. Also, the adhesion forces between the bacteria and the coating were extremely high. These strong adhesion forces are lethal in nature and caused removal of membrane lipids and therefore eventually lead to bacterial death. Upon studying the surface in detail we found a new and easy parameter which can be used to predict the contact killing properties of a novel coating using employing quaternary ammonium compounds to kill bacteria. In literature different methods are described to evaluate bacterial contact killing. However, the results of the different methods are often conflicting. We compared five methods to evaluate contact killing using our coating. Similar to the literature, the obtained results were highly depending on the used method. This study also involved the behavior of macrophages upon adhesion to this highly energetic coating and was compared this to poly(ethylene)glycol-hydrogels, stainless steel and several other common biomaterials, in order to identify changes in the ability to clear bacteria. Hereby we identified crucial parameters which should be taken into account by next-generation biomaterials, in order to enhance the ability of these materials to resist infections.
The effects of superconductor–stabilizer interfacial resistance on the quench of a current-carrying coated conductor (2009)

We present the results of numerical analysis of a model of normal zone propagation in coated conductors. The main emphasis is on the effects of increased contact resistance between the superconducting film and the stabilizer on the speed of normal zone propagation, the maximum temperature rise inside the normal zone, and the stability margins. We show that with increasing contact resistance the speed of normal zone propagation increases, the maximum temperature inside the normal zone decreases, and stability margins shrink. This may have an overall beneficial effect on quench protection quality of coated conductors. We also briefly discuss the propagation of solitons and development of the temperature modulation along the wire.
Laser fusion targets (1975)

Small hollow glass shells have been filled with gases by in-permeating the gases through their thin walls. The resulting internal gas pressures have been determined by analyzing the gases released from the rupture of individual shells. Shells have been fabricated which when filled at elevated temperatures have been stored at room temperature and atmospheric pressure for 18 months with no measurable decrease in pressure.
Vaccination of Macaques with Adjuvanted Formalin-Inactivated Influenza A Virus (H5N1) Vaccines: Protection against H5N1 Challenge without Disease Enhancement (2007)

We investigated the ability of adjuvanted, inactivated split-virion influenza A virus (H5N1) vaccines to protect against infection and demonstrated that the disease exacerbation phenomenon seen with adjuvanted formaldehyde-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus and measles virus investigational vaccines did not occur with these H5N1 vaccines. Macaques were vaccinated twice with or without an aluminum hydroxide or oil-in-water emulsion adjuvanted vaccine. Three months later, animals were challenged with homologous wild-type H5N1. No signs of vaccine-induced disease exacerbation were seen. With either adjuvant, vaccination induced functional and cross-reactive antibodies and protected the lungs and upper respiratory tract. Without an adjuvant, the vaccine provided partial protection. Best results were obtained with the emulsion adjuvant.
Caspase-1-dependent inflammasomes mediate photoreceptor cell death in photo-oxidative damage-induced retinal degeneration (2020)

Activation of the inflammasome is involved in the progression of retinal degenerative diseases, in particular, in the pathogenesis of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD), with NLRP3 activation the focus of many investigations. In this study, we used genetic and pharmacological approaches to explore the role of the inflammasome in a mouse model of retinal degeneration. We identify that Casp1/11<sup>-/-</sup> mice have better-preserved retinal function, reduced inflammation and increased photoreceptor survivability. While Nlrp3<sup>-/-</sup> mice display some level of preservation of retinal function compared to controls, pharmacological inhibition of NLRP3 did not protect against photoreceptor cell death. Further, Aim2<sup>-/-</sup>, Nlrc4<sup>-/-</sup>, Asc<sup>-/-</sup>, and Casp11<sup>-/-</sup> mice show no substantial retinal protection. We propose that CASP-1-associated photoreceptor cell death occurs largely independently of NLRP3 and other established inflammasome sensor proteins, or that inhibition of a single sensor is not sufficient to repress the inflammatory cascade. Therapeutic targeting of CASP-1 may offer a more promising avenue to delay the progression of retinal degenerations.
4, 5-Substituted Pyridazines. VI. Infrared Absorption and Structure of 4-and 5-Carboxy-6-chloro-3-pyridazinol. (1958)

Infrared and ultraviolet absorption spectra of 4-and 5-carboxy-6-chloro-3-pyridazinol (I and II) and of their esters (IE and IIE) were measured. It was found that (I) exists in a chelated form in its crystalline state and that (II) forms an intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Metal chelate compounds of (I) with nickel, copper, or manganese were reported. The preparation and ultraviolet absorption spectrum of 5-carbamoyl-6-chloro-3-pyridazinol (IIAmide) were described.
Regulation of Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Progression by MCL1 (2000)

MCL1 (ML1 myeloid cell leukemia 1), a Bcl-2 (B- cell lymphoma-leukemia 2) homologue, is known to function as an anti-apoptotic protein. Here we show in vitro and in vivo that MCL1 interacts with the cell cycle regulator, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). This finding prompted us to investigate whether MCL1, in addition to its anti-apoptotic function, has an effect on cell cycle progression. A bromodeoxyuridine uptake assay showed that the overexpression of MCL1 significantly inhibited the cell cycle progression through the S-phase. The S-phase of the cell cycle is also known to be regulated by PCNA. A mutant of MCL1 that lacks PCNA binding (MCL1(Delta)(4A)) could not inhibit cell cycle progression as effectively as wild type MCL1. In contrast, MCL1(Delta)(4A) retained its anti-apoptotic function in HeLa cells when challenged by Etoposide. In addition, the intracellular localization of MCL1(Delta)(4A) was identical to that of wild type MCL1. An in vitro pull-down assay suggested that MCL1 is the only Bcl-2 family protein to interact with PCNA. In fact, MCL1, not other Bcl-2 family proteins, contained the PCNA-binding motif described previously. Taken together, MCL1 is a regulator of both apoptosis and cell cycle progression, and the cell cycle regulatory function of MCL1 is mediated through its interaction with PCNA.
Review—Lithium Plating Detection Methods in Li-Ion Batteries (2020)

Lithium-ion batteries (LiB) offer a low-cost, long cycle-life and high energy density solution to the automotive industry. There is a growing need of fast charging batteries for commercial application. However, under certain conditions of high currents and/or low temperatures, the chance for Li plating increases. If the anode surface potential falls below 0 V vs Li/Li + , the formation of metallic Li is thermodynamically feasible. Therefore, determination of accurate Li plating curve is crucial in estimating the boundary conditions for battery operation without compromising life and safety. There are various electrochemical and analytical methods that are employed in deducing the Li plating boundary of the Li-ion batteries. The present paper reviews the common test methods and analysis that are currently utilized in Li plating determination. Knowledge gaps are identified, and recommendations are made for the future development in the determination and verification of Li plating curve in terms of modeling and analysis.
Molecular Basis for the DNA Sequence Selectivity of Ecteinascidin 736 and 743:  Evidence for the Dominant Role of Direct Readout via Hydrogen Bonding (1998)

The marine natural product ecteinascidin 743 (Et 743) is currently in phase II clinical trials. We have undertaken parallel structural and modeling studies of an Et 743−(N2-guanine) 12-mer DNA adduct and an adduct involving the structurally related Et 736 of the same sequence in order to ascertain the structural basis for the ecteinascidin−DNA sequence selectivity. In contrast to the C-subunit differences found in Et 736 and Et 743, they have identical A−B-subunit scaffolds, which are the principal sites of interaction with DNA bases. These identical scaffolds generate parallel networks of drug−DNA hydrogen bonds that associate the drugs with the three base pairs at the recognition site. We propose that these parallel hydrogen bonding networks stabilize the Et 736 and Et 743 A- and B-subunit prealkylation binding complex with the three base pairs and are the major factors governing sequence recognition and reactivity. The possibility that a unique hydrogen-bonding network directs the course of sequence recognition was examined by first characterizing the hydrogen-bonding substituents using 1H NMR properties of the exchangeable protons attached to the hydrogen-bond donor and other protons near the proposed acceptor. Using these experimental findings as indicators of hydrogen bonding, Et 736−12-mer duplex adduct models (binding and covalent forms) containing the favored sequences 5‘-AGC and 5‘-CGG were examined by molecular dynamics (MD) in order to evaluate the stability of the hydrogen bonds in the resulting conformations. The MD-generated models of these favored sequences display optimal donor/acceptor positions for maximizing the number of drug−DNA hydrogen bonds prior to covalent reaction. The results of MD analysis of the carbinolamine (binding) forms of the sequences 5‘-GGG (moderately reactive) and 5‘-AGT (poorly reactive) suggested reasons for their diminished hydrogen-bonding capability. These experimental and modeling results provide the structural basis for the following sequence specificity rules: For the target sequence 5‘-XGY, the favored base to the 3‘-side, Y, is either G or C. When Y is G, then a pyrimidine base (T or C) is favored for X. When Y is C, a purine (A or G) is favored for X.
The influence of excipients and technological process on cholecalciferol stability and its liberation from tablets. (1991)

The influence of excipients, used in tablet technology, and technological processes on cholecalciferol (1) stability was investigated. It was observed that 1 degrades in the presence of some excipients. The stability of 1 may be increased by antioxidant addition. The best stabilizing effect was achieved by a alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid mixture. On the basis of the achieved results, tablets with 1 were prepared. Their physical and chemical properties, the content of 1, its stability and its pharmaceutical availability were determined.
An Automatic Editing Algorithm for GPS data (1990)

An algorithm has been developed to edit automatically Global Positioning System data such that outlier deletion, cycle slip identification and correction are independent of clock instability, selective availability, receiver–satellite kinematics, and tropospheric conditions. This algorithm, called TurboEdit, operates on undifferenced, dual frequency carrier phase data, and requires (1) the use of P code pseudorange data and (2) a smoothly varying ionospheric electron content. The latter requirement can be relaxed if the analysis software incorporates ambiguity resolution techniques to estimate unresolved cycle slip parameters. TurboEdit was tested on the large data set from the CASA Uno experiment, which contained over 2500 cycle slips. Analyst intervention was required on 1% of the station–satellite passes, almost all of these problems being due to difficulties in extrapolating variations in the ionospheric delay. The algorithm is presently being adapted for real time data editing in the Rogue receiver for continuous monitoring applications.
Recent developments in SAW devices (1984)

Surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) delay lines employing photolithographically fabricated transducers were first described in 1965. Since then there has been a continuous stream of publications on the physics of SAW propagation, and on the applications of these planar acoustic elements as high-frequency electrical components. By 1975 the principles of many potentially useful SAW devices had been described, and the first dispersive delay lines were being employed in pulse compression radar. In the paper the advances made in more recent years are reviewed, which have seen the development of numerous SAW devices for military and civil applications, and the realisation of their mass-production capability in the TV IF filter. The paper also describes the latest trends towards smaller and cheaper devices, lower insertion losses and more sophisticated performance, which will be the hallmarks of future generations of SAW devices.
Efficient use of the query optimizer for automated physical design (2007)

State-of-the-art database design tools rely on the query optimizer for comparing between physical design alternatives. Although it provides an appropriate cost model for physical design, query optimization is a computationally expensive process. The significant time consumed by optimizer invocations poses serious performance limitations for physical design tools, causing long running times, especially for large problem instances. So far it has been impossible to remove query optimization overhead without sacrificing cost estimation precision. Inaccuracies in query cost estimation are detrimental to the quality of physical design algorithms, as they increase the chances of “missing ” good designs and consequently selecting sub-optimal ones. Precision loss and the resulting reduction in solution quality is particularly undesirable and it is the reason the query optimizer is used in the first place. In this paper we eliminate the tradeoff between query cost estimation accuracy and performance. We introduce the INdex Usage Model (INUM), a cost estimation technique that returns the same values that would have been returned by the optimizer, while being three orders of magnitude faster. Integrating INUM with existing index selection algorithms dramatically improves their running times without precision compromises. 1.
Somatic Cell Cloning without Micromanipulators (2001)

Until now, micromanipulators have been regarded as indispensable for somatic cell nuclear transfer. This paper describes an improved zona-free nuclear transfer procedure with manual bisection of oocytes, selection of cytoplasts by Hoechst staining, and two-step fusion of somatic cells from primary granulosa cell cultures with two cytoplasts. Blastocyst rates in the three systems tested for zona-free embryo culture were 0%, 18%, and 36% for microdrops, well of the wells (WOW system), and microcapillaries (GO system), respectively. This simple, rapid, and inexpensive procedure may become a useful alternative to the existing techniques for somatic cell nuclear transfer for large-scale application of the technology.
The role of ondansetron in paediatric patients: a review of three studies. (1991)

Emesis is a major problem for children receiving cancer chemotherapy. Three open non-comparative studies have been conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of ondansetron in children receiving a variety of chemotherapy regimens. Patients received various dosages of ondansetron, intravenously or intravenously plus orally, 8-hourly, during chemotherapy, followed by oral treatment 8-hourly for 3-5 days following chemotherapy. Complete control of emesis was achieved in 42-87% of children, and complete plus major control (0-2 emetic episodes) was achieved in 65-98% of children during their chemotherapy treatment, which varied from 1-8 days, and in 54-92% of children over the total study period. Ondansetron was effective in children receiving a wide variety of chemotherapy regimens. However, more intensive chemotherapeutic regimens and platinum drugs are associated with lower response rates. Ondansetron was well tolerated and none of the patients experienced extrapyramidal symptoms.
Use of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid as a solvent for the purification of pet radiotracers (1993)

We have identified superfluid chromatography (SFC) as a promising method which could offer advantages in radiotracer purification through rapid separation, as well as, improved recovery and purity of labeled product. Using SF CO{sub 2} as the mobile phase for chromatographic separation of labeled product would eliminate the need for solvent removal from product prior to delivery.
A Study of Aircraft Health Status Evaluation Based on Flight Data Trend Monitor (2004)

Considering the characteristic of flight data's multimode, a new method for monitoring the trend of parameters aiming at aircraft health status evaluation is proposed. First, the filtering process, jump-point elimination and statistic analysis to the flight data are performed during the steady - working state and typical - flight period. Then, by using AR model the value of the parameters is predicted, and finally by using the threshold value comparison method the trend of parameters is monitored successfully. The result shows the accuracy and applicability of this method.
Dynamics of Hydrogen−Deuterium Exchange in<i>Chlamydomonas</i>Centrin (2005)

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii centrin is a 169-amino acid residue calcium binding protein belonging to the EF-hand protein superfamily. Centrin is associated with the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in all eukaryotes, and in Chlamydomonas, centrin is a component of the flagellar basal body apparatus. Recombinant full-length centrin, calmodulin, and terminal domain fragments [Ccen-N (residues 1-94) and Ccen-C (residues 99-169)] were used to examine hydrogen-deuterium (H --> D) exchange dynamics using combined attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, curve fit, and two-dimensional correlation analysis. Analysis of the Ccen-N and Ccen-C fragments allowed separation of domain specific solvent exchange events and together with analysis of the full-length proteins provides novel insight into domain accessibility to the aqueous environment and the internal dynamics of the protein.
Surface tension and density of liquid lead (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface tension and density of liquid leadAlfred E. Schwaneke and Wilbert L. FalkeCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1972, 17, 3, 291–293Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60054a016https://doi.org/10.1021/je60054a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views398Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Primary Matholympics (1982)

All work and no play makes mathematics a dull subject. This may sound like a bit of a cliche, but research has shown that children form attitudes toward mathematic and numbers in general very early in their development (Aiken 1970). Feeling that mathematics is dull. boring, and cary have been reflected in those attitudes (Aiken 1972).