gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VvFT and VvMADS8, the grapevine homologues of the floral integrators FT and SOC1, have unique expression patterns in grapevine and hasten flowering in Arabidopsis (2006)

The Vitis vinifera L. flowering genes VvFT and VvMADS8 from the grapevine cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon have been isolated. Sequence analyses showed that VvFT and VvMADS8 were highly homologous to the floral integrators, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and SUPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1), respectively, from Arabidopsis. The expression pattern studied through real-time PCR revealed that expression of VvFT was quite low in axillary buds and high in developing inflorescence and berries. VvMADS8 was highly expressed in the axillary buds at the time when inflorescence primordia were being initiated in these buds suggesting that VvMADS8 is a gene involved in the early stages of inflorescence development. In tendrils, considered to be modified inflorescences, VvMADS8 was weakly expressed but high expression of VvFT in these organs showed that expression was irrespective of the flowering process. Through in situ hybridisation, strong expression of VvFT was detected in stamens and the ovary and ovule suggesting additional roles for VvFT in fruit and seed development. Strong expression of VvMADS8 was detected on the inflorescence primordium within the axillary bud. Overexpression of VvFT and VvMADS8 in Arabidopsis hastened flowering showing that both these genes function as promoters of flowering when ectopically expressed in a heterologous plant.
Inductance extraction of a meander line on a coplanar plane using partial element method (2014)

This paper proposes an inductance extraction method for a compact meander line structure. The Green House algorithm is introduced to solve the complicated inductive coupling effects and make it possible to calculate a meander line with any shape. Three different cases with a meander line or a straight line as a return path are discussed. Self and mutual inductances are demonstrated based on partial element theory, and then the loop inductance for the three structures are derived. The effect of the gap between adjacent signal and return lines on the mutual inductance is also addressed.
Tyrosine-sulfated glycopeptide involved in cellular proliferation and expansion in <i>Arabidopsis</i> (2007)

Posttranslational modification can confer special functions to peptides. Based on exhaustive liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis targeting tyrosine-sulfated peptides, we identified an 18-aa tyrosine-sulfated glycopeptide in Arabidopsis cell suspension culture medium. This peptide, which we named PSY1, significantly promotes cellular proliferation and expansion at nanomolar concentrations. PSY1 is widely expressed in various Arabidopsis tissues, including shoot apical meristem, and is highly up-regulated by wounding. Perception of PSY1 depends on At1g72300, which is a leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase (LRR-RK) whose two paralogs are involved in the perception of phytosulfokine (PSK), which is a 5-aa tyrosine-sulfated peptide that primarily promotes cellular proliferation. Multiple loss-of-function mutations in these three paralogous LRR-RKs significantly enhanced phenotypes, compared with single disruptants, suggesting that these LRR-RKs have overlapping functions. Triple mutations in these LRR-RKs resulted in dwarfism because of decreases in cell number and cell size and caused insufficiency in tissue repair after wounding. The present results suggest that this paralogous LRR-RK family integrates growth-promoting signals mediated by two structurally distinct sulfated peptides: PSY1 and PSK.
Effect of Bi_2O_3 doping on persistent luminescence of MgGeO_3:Mn^2+ phosphor (2014)

The photoluminescence, persistent luminescence and thermoluminescence properties of Mg(0.998-x)Mn0.002BixGeO3 (x = 0, 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02) were investigated. A Mn-Bi co-doped sample with x = 0.005 showed the most intense red persistent luminescence due to the Mn2+:4T2→6A1 transition peaked at 680 nm. The persistent luminescence intensity of the sample with x = 0.005 was 30 times higher than that of the Mn singly doped sample (x = 0). All Mn-Bi co-doped samples showed an additional glow peak at approximately 320 K. From the continuous decrease of Bi3+ luminescence intensity in storage process by UV light, it was suggested that Bi itself functions as an electron-trapping center. We proposed an energy level diagram which explains red persistent mechanism in MgGeO3:Mn-Bi.
Computer Model Evaluates Oil Pumping Units in Inclined Wells (1990)

Abstract The paper analyzes the dynamic behaviour of the sucker rod string in the inclined well. In this case, due to the curvature of the tubing the rod vibrates longitudinally as well as transversally. A mathematical model of the vibrating string consisting of two coupled differential equations was developed. The paper describes the fundamental assumptions and simplifications which can be used in the numerical analysis. The examples of the results are also presented. They include the effect of the distortion of the geometry of the rod string on the plunger load-displacement diagram and the diagram of the friction forces along the rod string. Introduction The evaluation of pumping units in the inclined wells has been a serious problem in engineering practice. The common practice at present is the application of the program developed for vertical wells to the analysis of deviated wells. This introduces substantial errors in the calculations of the stresses in the rod string and as regards the gearbox torques. Generally, the maximum torques calculated properly for the actual geometry of the slant hole pumping unit can be up to 40% larger than the corresponding values obtained from the calculations for vertical units. Besides, the application of the program for vertical wells to the evaluation of inclined, wells gives results in which all the friction forces from the rod string are concentrated at the plunger. This gives false prediction of high compressive forces at the bottom of the rod string and can be the reason for the wrong conclusions regarding the rod stability. The rod in the inclined well is under different static and dynamic forces than in the vertical one. It is supported by the tubing of wheeled couplings but it is also transversely loaded by its own weight. Therefore, the dynamic behaviour of the sucker rod in the deviated well is much more complicated and different from a vertical one. The differences are caused by the friction between the rod string and the tubing and the rod curvature. If the tubing is curved, the dynamically loaded rod string deforms and comes into contact with the wall of the tubing. The curvature causes the lateral displacements of the rod inside the tubing. It couples the longitudinal vibrations with the transverse vibrations. The axial compressive forces at the bottom of the well can buckle the rods. In this case, the problem becomes nonlinear and difficult to solve. The need to obtain a model for use in the evaluation of pumping units and downhole equipment in the inclined and deviated wells resulted in the development of an applicable design and optimization technique. SRPUMP computer program was developed a tool that allows a high level of expert knowledge to be applied daily in the field, dealing with problems of the inclined wells. Fundamental Assumptions An accurate prediction of the performance of the sucker rod string and the bottomhole equipment requires careful modelling of the dynamic behaviour of the rod.
New Biological Approaches in Asthma: DNA-Based Therapy (2007)

Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, and reversible airway obstruction. Medications for asthma include corticosteroids, b2-adrenergic receptor agonists, chromones, methylxanthines, and leukotriene modifiers. Despite these advances in therapy, many symptoms are not well controlled. Since asthma is a chronic airway inflammation with a bias towards a type 2 T helper (Th2) cell response, some new approaches are targeted towards the Th2 inflammation pathway. These include anti-IgE therapy, anti-Th2 cytokine therapy, and therapies aiming at increasing Th1 cytokines. This article will focus on DNA-based therapy, a novel therapeutic strategy for asthma. Immunostimulatory gene therapy using CpG oligodeoxynucleotides with central deoxycytidyl-deoxyguanosine (CpG) dinucleotide, in which the cytosine nucleobase is unmethylated, can stimulate the innate immunity and augment Th1 response. With DNA gene therapy, genes can be introduced to target Th1 cytokines or other mediators in the airway in order to counteract Th2 inflammation in asthma. Also, antisense oligonucleotides can target mRNA species of interest in asthma. Through these therapies, we can expect long-lasting effects, better control of symptoms, and reducing medication in the future.
Conformers and Rotamers of (±)-trans-2,3-Bis(2-naphthyl)-15-crown-5 and -18-crown-6 and Their Alkali Metal Complexes (1998)

The conformations of (±)-trans-2,3-Bis(1-naphthyl)-15-crown-5 (1) and -18-crown-6 (2) are investigated by MM2 and dynamic 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The most stable conformation is the diequatorial one in both the free ligands and the alkali metal complexes 1 · NaClO4 and 2 · KClO4. Three rotamers, pseudo-aa, pseudo-ee, and pseudo-ae, with respect to the spatial arrangement of the naphthyl groups, were found as calculated minima by MM2 and experimentally by low-temperature NMR, with fair agreement of the rotational barriers. In the cation-reinforced crowns the rotation rates are significantly diminished. The distribution of the rotamers depends on the size of the crown and its state, free or complexed.
Universal HPLC Analysis for Counterfeit Medication: A Partnership of Purdue University and the Kilimanjaro School of Pharmacy (2015)

Counterfeit drugs pose a serious problem in Tanzania and other countries in Africa. These drugs are very similar to the real product in size, shape, and packaging. However, counterfeit drugs have less to none of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, rendering them essentially useless. Patients and medical practitioners often are unable to distinguish between the real medication and the counterfeit version, meaning that a patient’s condition may go untreated. Research conducted by the Global Development Team is aimed at developing a simple way to distinguish between real and counterfeit drugs, as well as to develop a universal method that can systematically analyze a wide variety of drug compounds. Purdue students describe the development of training materials and plans to travel to the Kilimanjaro School of Pharmacy in Tanzania to educate students and faculty on how to utilize this method.
Native functionality in triple catalytic cross-coupling: sp <sup>3</sup> C–H bonds as latent nucleophiles (2016)

The use of sp(3) C-H bonds--which are ubiquitous in organic molecules--as latent nucleophile equivalents for transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions has the potential to substantially streamline synthetic efforts in organic chemistry while bypassing substrate activation steps. Through the combination of photoredox-mediated hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and nickel catalysis, we have developed a highly selective and general C-H arylation protocol that activates a wide array of C-H bonds as native functional handles for cross-coupling. This mild approach takes advantage of a tunable HAT catalyst that exhibits predictable reactivity patterns based on enthalpic and bond polarity considerations to selectively functionalize α-amino and α-oxy sp(3) C-H bonds in both cyclic and acyclic systems.
Molecular Identification and Evaluation of Indigenous Bacterial Isolates for Their Plant Growth Promoting and Biological Control Activities against Fusarium Wilt Pathogen of Tomato (2019)

In search of an effective biological control agent against the tomato pathogen <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp<i>. lycopersici</i>, rhizospheric soil samples were collected from eight agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh. Among the bacteria isolated from soil, 24 isolates were randomly selected and evaluated for their antagonistic activity against <i>F. oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>lycopersici</i>. The two promising antagonistic isolates were identified as <i>Brevundimonas olei</i> and <i>Bacillus methylotrophicus</i> based on morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics. These two isolates were evaluated for their biocontrol activity and growth promotion of two tomato cultivars (cv. Pusa Rubi and Ratan) for two consecutive years. Treatment of Pusa Rubi and Ratan seeds with <i>B. olei</i> prior to inoculation of pathogen caused 44.99% and 41.91% disease inhibition respectively compared to the untreated but pathogen-inoculated control plants. However, treatment of Pusa Rubi and Ratan seeds with <i>B. methylotrophicus</i> caused 24.99% and 39.20% disease inhibition respectively. Furthermore, both the isolates enhanced the growth of tomato plants. The study revealed that these indigenous bacterial isolates can be used as an effective biocontrol agent against Fusarium wilt of tomato.
Modulating the Functional Contributions of c-Myc to the Human Endothelial Cell Cyclic Strain Response (2009)

This study addresses whether pathological levels of cyclic strain activate the c-Myc promoter, leading to c-Myc transcription and downstream gene induction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) or human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC). mRNA and protein expression of c-Myc under physiological (6-10%) and pathological cyclic strain conditions (20%) were studied. Both c-Myc mRNA and protein expression increased 2-3-fold in HUVEC cyclically strained at 20%. c-Myc protein increased 4-fold in HAEC. In HUVEC, expression of mRNA peaked at 1.5-2 h. Subsequently, the effect of modulating c-Myc on potential downstream gene targets was determined. A small molecular weight compound that binds to and stabilizes the silencer element in the c-Myc promoter attenuates cyclic strain-induced c-Myc transcription by about 50%. This compound also modulates c-Myc downstream gene targets that may be instrumental in induction of vascular disease. Cyclic strain-induced gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and heat shock protein 60 are attenuated by this compound. These results offer a possible mechanism and promising clinical treatment for vascular diseases initiated by increased cyclic strain.
Mechanisms of monocyte recruitment and accumulation (1993)

Mechanisms of monocyte recruitment and accumulation (A) Role of the blood monocyte in atherogenesis. ( B) Scanning electron micrograph showing monocyte adhesion to human endothelium.
Radiographic Measurement Parameters in Thoracolumbar Fractures: A Systematic Review and Consensus Statement of the Spine Trauma Study Group (2006)

Based on a systematic review of the literature and expert opinion from an experienced group of spine trauma surgeons, it is recommended that the following radiographic parameters should be used routinely to assess thoracolumbar fractures: the Cobb angle, to assess sagittal alignment; vertebral body translation percentage, to express traumatic anterolisthesis; anterior vertebral body compression percentage, to assess vertebral body compression, the sagittal-to-transverse canal diameter ratio, and canal total cross-sectional area (measured or calculated); and the percent canal occlusion, to assess canal dimensions.
Influence of Striatal Dopamine, Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, and Other Risk Factors on Age-Related Parkinsonian Motor Signs (2019)

Striatal dopamine appears to influence to some extent the relationship between age and parkinsonian signs. However, much of the variance of parkinsonian signs appears unexplained. Longitudinal studies to elucidate the multifactorial causes of this common condition of older age are warranted.
Clinical Update on Palonosetron in the Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (2008)

The need to control chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is continuously stimulating research to find better options for the optimal antiemetic care. Palonosetron is different from conventional serotonin receptor antagonists not only by the fact of having a longer half-life but also by higher binding affinity for serotonin receptors. It is the first agent in the class which is approved for preventing both delayed and acute emesis induced by moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Recent studies using palonosetron-based antiemetic regimens, as well as in the clinical setting of multiple-day chemotherapy, have been reported. Palonosetron plus dexamethasone given as a pre-treatment infusion was effective for preventing acute and delayed emesis after moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Palonosetron in combination with dexamethasone and aprepitant was highly effective in preventing emesis in the days following administration of moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Treatment was well tolerated, with no unexpected adverse events. Multiple-day dosing of palonosetron plus dexamethasone was safe and effective for prevention of emesis induced by 5-day cisplatin-based chemotherapy. There was no evidence of cumulative toxicity when palonosetron was given three times over 5 days. Further evidence from ongoing clinical trials with palonosetron with or without dexamethasone will be available soon. Palonosetron represents an useful addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Further studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of palonosetron in combination with dexamethasone compared with that of older serotonin receptor antagonists combined with dexamethasone. However, palonosetron may offer advantages of convenience over the short-acting older antagonists due to its ability to be given as a single intravenous dose prior to chemotherapy.
Network‐aware selective job checkpoint and migration to enhance co‐allocation in multi‐cluster systems (2009)

Abstract Multi‐site parallel job schedulers can improve average job turn‐around time by making use of fragmented node resources available throughout the grid. By mapping jobs across potentially many clusters, jobs that would otherwise wait in the queue for local resources can begin execution much earlier; thereby improving system utilization and reducing average queue waiting time. Recent research in this area of scheduling leverages user‐provided estimates of job communication characteristics to more effectively partition the job across system resources. In this paper, we address the impact of inaccuracies in these estimates on system performance and show that multi‐site scheduling techniques benefit from these estimates, even in the presence of considerable inaccuracy. While these results are encouraging, there are instances where these errors result in poor job scheduling decisions that cause network over‐subscription. This situation can lead to significantly degraded application performance and turnaround time. Consequently, we explore the use of job checkpointing, termination, migration, and restart (CTMR) to selectively stop offending jobs to alleviate network congestion and subsequently restart them when (and where) sufficient network resources are available. We then characterize the conditions and the extent to which the process of CTMR improves overall performance. We demonstrate that this technique is beneficial even when the overhead of doing so is costly. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dialysis‐Related Amyloidosis: Pathogenesis Focusing on AGE Modification (2001)

Dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA) is a serious complication in long-term dialysis patients, and presents with carpal tunnel syndrome, cystic bone lesions, destructive spondylarthropathy, diffuse arthritis and periarthritis, systemic organ involvement, and dialysis-related spinal canal stenosis (DSCS). Recently a new concept of DSCS has been proposed that includes both destructive spondylarthropathy and myeloradiculopathy induced by extradural thickness. beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)M) amyloid was demonstrated to be modified with advanced glycation end products (AGEs) such as imidazolone, N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), and pentosidine. Imidazolone is a reaction product of arginine residue in proteins with 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), which is markedly accumulated in uremic serum. Imidazolone is generated under nonoxidative conditions, while CML and pentosidine are formed by oxidative processes. Immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that AGEs were localized not only in dialysis amyloid but also in nonamyloid collagenous structures, supporting the hypothesis that AGE modification of collagen might have pathogenic relevance in the deposition of beta(2)M on collagen. Serum levels of AGEs are increased in uremic patients. The dimeric form of beta(2)M in the dialysate and urine of uremic patients is more susceptible to imidazolone modification as observed in dialysis amyloid. However, the major component of dialysis amyloid is a native form of beta(2)M, while AGE-modified beta(2)M and truncated beta(2)M are the minor components. Thus I propose that 3-DG and the other dicarbonyl compounds accumulating in uremic serum promote the modification of beta(2)M with AGEs mainly after deposition of beta(2)M as amyloid. For the prevention and treatment of DRA, beta(2)M should be efficiently eliminated from circulating blood by kidney transplantation, hemodialysis, or hemodiafiltration using high-flux membranes and an adsorbent (Lixelle) column.
Demonstration of microwave generation by a ferroelectric-cathode tube (1999)

A ferroelectric cathode is employed in a cyclotron-resonance maser (CRM). The CRM oscillator device operates at ∼7 GHz, near the cutoff frequency of a hollow cylindrical cavity. The cathode is made of a PLZT 12/65/35 ceramic with high-dielectric constant (εr∼4000). Electrons are extracted from the plasma excited on the cathode surface by ∼1 kV short rise-time pulses. The use of ferroelectric cathodes may advance the microwave tube technology for various applications.
Boeing enters new era in military aircraft production (1999)

Discusses the implementation of a new integrated manufacturing control system from Western Data Systems at Boeing.
Assessing the Redox Reactivity of Structural Iron in Smectites Using Nitroaromatic Compounds As Kinetic Probes (2008)

Structural Fe(II) in clay minerals is an important source of electron equivalents for the reductive transformation of contaminants in anoxic environments. We investigated which factors control the reactivity of Fe(II) in smectites including total Fe content Fe(II)/total Fe ratio, and excess negative charge localization using 10 nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) as reactive probe molecules. Based on evidence from this work and previous spectroscopic studies on Fe redox reactions in iron-rich smectites, we propose a kinetic model for quantifying the reactivity, abundance, and interconversion rates of two distinct Fe(II) sites in the minerals' octahedral sheet. Excellent agreement between observed biphasic NAC reduction kinetics and model fits points toward existence of two types of Fe(II) sites exhibiting reactivities that differ by 3 orders of magnitude in iron-rich ferruginous smectite (SWa-1) and Olberg montmorillonite. Low structural Fe content, as found in Wyoming montmorillonite (SWy-2), impedes the formation of highly reactive Fe sites and results in pseudo-first order kinetics of NAC reduction that originate from the presence of a single type of Fe(II) species of even lower reactivity. Similar correlations of one-electron reduction potentials of the NACs vs their second order reduction rate constants for all smectite suspensions suggest that contaminant-Fe(II) interactions were identical in all smectite minerals.