gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of Siglec Ligands Using a Proximity Labeling Method (2017)

Siglecs are a family of receptor-type glycan recognition proteins (lectins) involved in self-nonself discrimination by the immune system. Identification of Siglec ligands is necessary to understand how Siglec-ligand interaction translates into biological outcomes. However, this is challenging because the interaction is weak. To facilitate identification of Siglec ligands, we adopted a proximity labeling method based on the tyramide radicalization principle. Cells that express Siglec ligands were labeled with Siglec-peroxidase complexes and incubated with biotin tyramide and hydrogen peroxide to generate short-lived tyramide radicals that covalently label the proteins near the Siglec-peroxidase complex. A proof-of-principle experiment using CD22 (Siglec-2) probe identified its known ligands on B cells, including CD22 itself, CD45, and IgM, among others, demonstrating the validity of this method. The specificity of labeling was confirmed by sialidase treatment of target cells and using glycan recognition-deficient mutant CD22 probes. Moreover, possible interactions between biotin-labeled proteins were revealed by literature-based protein-protein interaction network analysis, implying the presence of a molecular cluster comprising CD22 ligands. Further application of this method identified CD44 as a hitherto unknown Siglec-15 ligand on RAW264.7-derived osteoclasts. These results demonstrated the utility of proximity labeling for the identification of Siglec ligands, which may extend to other lectins.
Equine Nfectious Anemia: Detection of Infectious Virus-Antibody Complexes in Me Serum (1972)

The sera of horses with persistent infection by equine infectious anemia virus were examined for the presence of infectious virus-antibody complexes, Virus-containing sera were treated with rabbit anti-equine gamma globulin, rabbit anti-equine albumin, and normal rabbit serum. Infectivity remaining in the supernates was titrated in primary equine leukocyte cultures. In 2 of 3 sera anti-gamma globulin precipitated at least 2 log10 of viral infectivity using the anti-albumin and normal rabbit serum treatments as controls. This demonstrates that in some sera EIA virus circulates as an immune complex with antibody, possibly enhancing its ability to persist in the host by providing a continued source of virus for reinfection.
A Pacemaker Current in Dye-Coupled Hilar Interneurons Contributes to the Generation of Giant GABAergic Potentials in Developing Hippocampus (1997)

The establishment of synaptic connections and their refinement during development require neural activity. Increasing evidence suggests that spontaneous bursts of neural activity within an immature network are mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid via a paradoxical excitatory action. Our data show that in the developing hippocampus such synchronous burst activity is generated in the hilar region by transiently coupled cells. These cells have been identified as neuronal elements because they fire action potentials and they are not positive for the glial fibrillary acidic protein staining. Oscillations in hilar cells are "paced" by a hyperpolarization-activated current, with properties of Ih. Coactivated interneurons synchronously release GABA, which via its excitatory action may serve a neurotrophic function during the refinement of hippocampal circuitry.
The Seed's Protein and Oil Content, Fatty Acid Composition, and Growing Cycle Length of a Single Genotype of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) as Affected by Environmental Factors (2009)

As a botanical source, variability in chia seed composition could be expected between growing locations, and between years within a location, due to genotype and environment effects as well genetic x environment's interactions. The objective of the present study was to determine the location effect on the growing cycle length, and seed's protein content, lipid content, and fatty acid profiles, of a single chia genotype. Seeds of chia genotype Tzotzol grown on eight sites in five different ecosystems were tested. One site was in Argentina, in the Semi-Arid Chaco ecosystem (T(5)); one was in Bolivia, in the Sub-Humid Chaco ecosystem (T(4)); and six in Ecuador, one in the Coastal Desert (T(3)), two on the Tropical Rain Forest (T(2)), and three in the Inter-Andean Dry Valley ecosystem (T(1)). Seeds from plants grown in T(4) and in T(3) contained significantly (P <0.05) more protein percentage than did seeds from the other three ecosystems. No significant (P <0.05) differences in protein content were found between T(3) and T(4), and between T(1), T(2), and T(5). Seeds from T(1) and T(5) ecosystems, with 33.5 and 32.2%, respectively, were the numerically highest oil content producers, but their results were only significantly (P <0.05) higher when compared with the T(2) seeds. Significant (P <0.05) differences in palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and alpha-linolenic fatty acids between oils from seeds grown in different ecosystems were detected, however. Oil of seeds grown in the T(3) ecosystem had the palmitic, stearic and oleic fatty acids' highest contents. Palmitic and oleic fatty acid levels were significantly (P <0.05) higher when were compared to that of seeds grown in the T(1) ecosystem, and stearic when was compared to that of seeds grown in the T(5) ecosystem; omega-6 linoleic fatty acid content was significantly (P <0.05) lower in oils of seeds produced in T(1), and T(2) than in those produced in T(3), T(4), and T(5) ecosystems; omega-3 alpha-linolenic fatty acid content was significantly (P <0.05) higher in seeds produced in T(1), than in those produced in T(3), T(4), and T(5), but not in those produced in T(2).
Ionic polymerization of fluorine-containing vinyl monomers. (1988)

2.
FORCE - Fully Off-line secuRe CrEdits for Mobile Micro Payments (2014)

Payment schemes based on mobile devices are expected to supersede traditional electronic payment approaches in the next few years. However, current solutions are limited in that protocols require at least one of the two parties to be on-line, i.e. connected either to a trusted third party or to a shared database. Indeed, in cases where customer and vendor are persistently or intermittently disconnected from the network, any on-line payment is not possible. This paper introduces FORCE, a novel mobile micro payment approach where all involved parties can be fully off-line. Our solution improves over state-of-the-art approaches in terms of payment flexibility and security. In fact, FORCE relies solely on local data to perform the requested operations. Present paper describes FORCE architecture, components and protocols. Further, a thorough analysis of its functional and security properties is provided showing its effectiveness and viability.
Antigens of Aspergillus fumigatus. II. Electrophoretic and clinical studies. (1983)

Cell sap (CS) and culture filtrate (CF) preparations of Aspergillus fumigatus strains Ag-507, Ag-515, and Ag-534 were analysed by two dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE; i.e., first dimension isoelectric focusing, second dimension sodium dodecyl sulphate gradient pore gel), which enabled detection of strain- and species-specific components. In CS preparations it was shown that CS2, a fraction isolated from strain Ag-507 by gel filtration, consists of the major protein components in the CS of the three A. fumigatus strains tested. Culture filtrate preparations of the three A. fumigatus strains analysed by 2-DE exhibited patterns dissimilar to the CS patterns, as well as to each other, presumably due to proteolysis. Culture filtrate preparations are therefore a less reliable source of standardized antigens than CS preparations. CS2 has a major component with a mol. wt. of approximately 150,000 and an sapp of 6.3 S. CS2 reacts on immunoelectrophoresis, producing one major precipitin arc with aspergilloma or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) patient sera. Antibody titres of the IgG and IgA classes to CS2, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were demonstrated to be similar in aspergilloma and ABPA patients; IgG titres were higher than IgA. Similar titres were also obtained utilizing sera of patients that did or did not exhibit precipitating antibodies to CS2. In the diagnosis of ABPA, skin tests with CS2 were comparable in specificity to currently available commercial preparations. Importantly, CS2 is a standardized major antigenic preparation of the CS of three A. fumigatus strains which has been shown to be diagnostically useful.
Synthesis of carbon nanotubes over transition metal ions supported on Al(OH) 3 (2008)

Production of carbon nanotubes on bi-metallic (Fe/Co, Co/Ni, Fe/Ni, Fe/Mo, Co/Mo, Ni/Mo) and trimetallic (Fe/Co/Mo, Co/Ni/Mo, Fe/Ni/Mo) catalysts supported on Al(OH)(3) by catalytic chemical vapor deposition is reported. The support-catalyst systems have been prepared by incipient dry impregnation method and characterized by BET, powder XRD, SEM, and TG/DSC techniques. The carbon nanotubes have been synthesized by allowing C2H2 and N-2 to pass over a catalyst bed at 700 degrees C placed on a quartz plate in a tubular furnace. The carbon deposit is examined using TEM. All the catalysts have been found to be active to different extents for the production of multiwall carbon nanotubes of varying thickness (10-15 nm). fit the case of catalysts containing Fe/Co or Fe/Ni, a carbon deposit to an extent of 210 to 220% of the initial weight of the catalyst is obtained. This deposit also contains good quantities of carbon nanotubes. The tubes produced oil nickel catalysts have been found to be thin and long. The effect of molybdenum Oil the nature of the carbon nanotubes produced is dependant on whether it is associated with one or two of the other transition metal ions supported over Al(OH)(3). To synthesize good quantities of carbon nanotubes, a binary mixture of Fe, Co and Ni without Mo is the best.
Authors (1980)

Bell, ; Cromwell, ; Gannon, ; Gasek, ; Kadezabek, ; Kaufman, ; McConnell, ; Misik, ; Witherell, ; Woody,
Sequences flanking the hexameric G-box core CACGTG affect the specificity of protein binding. (1992)

The CACGTG G-box motif is a highly conserved DNA sequence that has been identified in the 5' upstream region of plant genes exhibiting regulation by a variety of environmental signals and physiological cues. Gel mobility shift assays using a panel of G-box oligonucleotides differing in their flanking sequences identified two types of binding activity (A and B) in a cauliflower nuclear extract. Competition gel retardation assays demonstrated that the two types of binding activity were distinct. Type A binding activity interacted with oligonucleotides designated as class I elements, whereas type B binding activity interacted strongly with class II elements and weakly with class I elements. A third class of elements, null elements, did not exhibit any detectable binding under our assay conditions. Gel retardation analysis of nonpalindromic hybrid G-box oligonucleotides indicated that hybrid elements of the same class exhibited binding affinity commensurate with the affinity of the weaker element, hybrid class I/II elements exhibited only type B binding, and hybrid class I/null and class II/null elements did not show any detectable binding activity. These binding activities can be explained by the affinity of bZip G-box binding homo- or heterodimer subunits for G-box half sites. These experiments led to a set of classification rules that can predict the binding activity of all reported plant G-box motifs containing the consensus hexameric core. Tissue- and/or development-specific expression of genes containing G-box motifs may be regulated by the affinity of G-box proteins for the different classes of G-box elements.
Elastic-Plastic Analysis of the Interaction between Ice and Offshore Structures (2009)

In this paper, the mechanical properties of ice, which are affected by the existence of cavities and the different tensile-compression strength ratio, are analyzed in micromechanics view. Then the constitutive equation is established, and the distribution of stress field caused by the ice-structure interaction is constructed with the constitutive equation. Finally, the ultimate bearing capacity of ice is also discussed with different values of pressure sensitivity parameter and the tension-compression ratio. Thus, this paper provides the theoretical reference for offshore platforms design.
Continuous-time sigma-delta modulator incorporating semi-digital FIR filters (2003)

A lowpass continuous-time /spl Sigma//spl Delta/-modulator including FIR filters in the feedback path is presented. These filters allow for reduced sensitivity to clock jitter without affecting the ideal performance of the modulator. The FIR filters are conveniently implemented using the semi-digital approach.
Characterization and crystallization of ribosomal particles from <i>Halobacterium marismortui</i> (1985)

Ribosomes and their subunits have been isolated from Halobacterium marismortui , an extremely halophilic bacterium from the Dead Sea. The stability and functional activity of the subunits were tested under a wide range of salt conditions. Three‐dimensional microcrystals of the large ribosomal subunits have been obtained. Electron microscopy of positively stained thin sections of these crystals showed that the particles are closely packed with approximate cell constants of 310 × 350 Å.
Coordination of 1,10-Phenanthroline and 2,2′-Bipyridine to Li<sup>+</sup> in Different Ionic Liquids. How Innocent Are Ionic Liquids? (2011)

On the basis of (7)Li NMR measurements, we have made detailed studies on the influence of the ionic liquids [emim][NTf(2)], [emim][ClO(4)], and [emim][EtSO(4)] on the complexation of Li(+) by the bidentate N-donor ligands 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen). For each of the employed ionic liquids the NMR data implicate the formation of [Li(bipy)(2)](+) and [Li(phen)(2)](+), respectively. X-ray diffraction studies were performed to determine the coordination pattern in the solid state. In the case of [emim][ClO(4)] and [emim][EtSO(4)], crystal structures confirmed the NMR data, resulting in the complexes [Li(bipy)(2)ClO(4)] and [Li(phen)(2)EtSO(4)], respectively. On the contrary, the ionic liquid [emim][NTf(2)] generated the C(i) symmetric, dinuclear, supramolecular cluster [Li(bipy)(NTf(2))](2), where the individual Li(+) centers were found to be bridged by two [NTf(2)] anions. Density functional theory (DFT)-calculations lead to further information on the effect of stacking on the coordination geometry of the Li(+) centers.
Microwave-assisted Rapid Ketalization/Acetalization of Aromatic Aldehydes and Ketones in Aqueous Media (1999)

Aromatic aldehydes and ketones are readily acetalized or ketalized under microwave irradiation in the presence of water as a solvent.
Novel Combinatorial MicroRNA-Binding Sites in AAV Vectors Synergistically Diminish Antigen Presentation and Transgene Immunity for Efficient and Stable Transduction (2021)

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) platforms hold promise for <i>in vivo</i> gene therapy but are undermined by the undesirable transduction of antigen presenting cells (APCs), which in turn can trigger host immunity towards rAAV-expressed transgene products. In light of recent adverse events in patients receiving high systemic AAV vector doses that were speculated to be related to host immune responses, development of strategies to mute innate and adaptive immunity is imperative. The use of miRNA binding sites (miR-BSs) to confer endogenous miRNA-mediated regulation to detarget transgene expression from APCs has shown promise for reducing transgene immunity. Studies have shown that designing miR-142BSs into rAAV1 vectors were able to repress costimulatory signals in dendritic cells (DCs), blunt the cytotoxic T cell response, and attenuate clearance of transduced muscle cells in mice to allow sustained transgene expression in myofibers with negligible anti-transgene IgG production. In this study, we screened individual and combinatorial miR-BS designs against 26 miRNAs that are abundantly expressed in APCs, but not in skeletal muscle. The highly immunogenic ovalbumin (OVA) transgene was used as a proxy for foreign antigens. <i>In vitro</i> screening in myoblasts, mouse DCs, and macrophages revealed that the combination of miR-142BS and miR-652-5pBS strongly mutes transgene expression in APCs but maintains high myoblast and myocyte expression. Importantly, rAAV1 vectors carrying this novel miR-142/652-5pBS cassette achieve higher transgene levels following intramuscular injections in mice than previous detargeting designs. The cassette strongly inhibits cytotoxic CTL activation and suppresses the Th17 response <i>in vivo</i>. Our approach, thus, advances the efficiency of miRNA-mediated detargeting to achieve synergistic reduction of transgene-specific immune responses and the development of safe and efficient delivery vehicles for gene therapy.
Multicontrast x-ray computed tomography imaging using Talbot-Lau interferometry without phase stepping (2011)

Absorption, refraction, and SAS CT imaging can be achieved using the Talbot-Lau interferometer without the additional overhead of long scan time and phase stepping.
Breast Cancer Risk and the DNA Double-Strand Break End-Joining Capacity of Nonhomologous End-Joining Genes Are Affected by <b> <i>BRCA1</i> </b> (2004)

A tumorigenic role of the nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) has been suggested by the finding of a significant association between increased breast cancer risk and a cooperative effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NHEJ genes. However, the lack of an association between hereditary breast cancer and defective NHEJ genes prevents conclusions from being drawn about a link between NHEJ and breast cancer development. Recently, BRCA1-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts were found to have significantly reduced NHEJ activity, suggesting an accessory role of BRCA1 in NHEJ. The present study was performed to confirm this observation in human breast cancer cell lines and to examine whether the interaction between BRCA1 and NHEJ was of tumorigenic significance. Support for this hypothesis came from the findings that (a) a case-control study (469 breast cancer patients and 740 healthy controls) showed that the breast cancer risk associated with high-risk genotypes of NHEJ genes was significantly modified by the BRCA1 genotype. A significant increase in the cancer risk associated either with harboring one additional putative high-risk NHEJ genotype or with the joint effect of having reproductive risk factors (reflected by an interval of > or =12 years between menarche and first full-term pregnancy) and a higher number of high-risk genotypes of the NHEJ genes was only seen in women with at least one variant BRCA1 allele (i.e., the Glu/Gly or Gly/Gly forms of BRCA1 Glu(1038)Gly); and (b) a phenotype-based study measuring in vitro and in vivo NHEJ capacity showed that the precise end-joining capacity was different in breast cancer cell lines with different BRCA1 statuses being higher in BRCA1-expressing MCF-7 cells than in HCC1937 cells (defective BRCA1 expression). Furthermore, this end-joining capacity was decreased in MCF-7 cells in which BRCA1 expression was blocked using small interfering RNA and increased in HCC1937 transfected with full-length BRCA1. Because BRCA1 is a well-documented breast cancer susceptibility gene, this association between NHEJ and BRCA1 not only suggests a role of BRCA1 in NHEJ but also provides essential support for the tumorigenic contribution of NHEJ in breast cancer development.
Investigation of laser-driven proton acceleration using ultra-short, ultra-intense laser pulses (2013)

We report optimization of laser-driven proton acceleration, for a range of experimental parameters available from a single ultrafast Ti:sapphire laser system. We have characterized laser-generated protons produced at the rear and front target surfaces of thin solid targets (15 nm to 90 μm thicknesses) irradiated with an ultra-intense laser pulse (up to 1020 W⋅cm−2, pulse duration 30 to 500 fs, and pulse energy 0.1 to 1.8 J). We find an almost symmetric behaviour for protons accelerated from rear and front sides, and a linear scaling of proton energy cut-off with increasing pulse energy. At constant laser intensity, we observe that the proton cut-off energy increases with increasing laser pulse duration, then roughly constant for pulses longer than 300 fs. Finally, we demonstrate that there is an optimum target thickness and pulse duration.
Rapid Training of a Voiceband Data-Modem Receiver Employing an Equalizer with Fractional-T Spaced Coefficients (1987)

Fast initial training of a voiceband data-modem receiver which employs an equalizer with fractionl- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</tex> spaced coefficients is presented. The modem receiver performs rapid gain acquisition, and monitors the equalizer delay line for the presence of a periodic training signal whose period is equal to the length of the equalizer delay line. Testing for periodicity is combined with estimating carrier-frequency offset. Once a full period of the training signal has been obtained, the equalizer coefficients are computed by spectral division, and coefficient centering is performed. The receiver then proceeds in a reference-directed mode until the end of the training signal is detected. In the paper, algorithms for rapid gain acquisition and the detection of a cyclic training signal in the presence of noise and carrier-frequency offset are presented. Cyclic training of an equalizer with fractional- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</tex> spaced coefficients is derived. It is shown that the equalizer coefficients can be computed efficiently by spectral division. Coefficient centering, carrier-phase and symbol synchronization, reference-directed training, and the transition to data mode are described. Finally, measurement results for an experimental 2400 baud modem using an equalizer with 64 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T/2</tex> -spaced coefficients are given. The modem achieves a startup time of 20 ms on a Bell 3002 unconditioned leased line.
Pharmacodynamic Effects Of Cedrus Deodara Wood Essential Oil (1998)

The pharmacodynamic effects of Cedrus deodara wood essential oil were investigated in mice and rats. The oil was found to possess significant anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenin-induced oedema in rats. It was devoid of analgesic, sedative and motor incoordinating activities in mice. However, it caused a significant increase in pentobarbitone-induced hypnosis which may be due to inhibition of drug metabolising enzymes.