gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automated analysis and advanced defect characterisation from ultrasonic scans of composites (2009)

With the rapidly escalating usage of composite materials, not only in military aircraft but in civil airliners as well, production NDT throughput is already stretched to its limit internationally. NDT data analysis is set to become the bottleneck preventing the required rise in production rates of composite civil aircraft in the next few years. Thus there is an urgent requirement for rapid, automated analysis of up to a Terabyte of data per airliner, escalating to over 200 Terabytes per year - worldwide. The primary aim of automated analysis is to release operators from the time-consuming analysis of all scans and focus operator attention on non-compliant structures. A secondary aim is to provide three-dimensional quantitative information that lightens the operator's decision-making burden. Through advanced characterisation methods, NDT also has the potential to provide crucial feedback to control the composite production process, increase production yield and decrease costs. Current analysis methods for ultrasonic scans produce through-thickness average parameters, which provide little useful information to assist the stress analysis for defects, or the production process. Three-dimensional characterisation of defects can increase yield by informing the concession/disposition process for defects. For future process control, information is required about the 3D distribution of material properties in the structures on the production line, providing comprehensive long-term trend analysis. As well as demonstrating a new rapid automated analysis method for large-area ultrasonic scans, this paper proposes new ultrasonic methods for generating quantitative 3D profiles of porosity, resin layer thickness, ply spacing and fibre orientation. From these it is possible to determine ply stacking sequence and measure in-plane fibre waviness and out-of-plane fibre wrinkling. Armed with these new tools there is the potential for solving the NDT data analysis bottleneck for composite aircraft. Examples are given of the use of these tools on carbon-fibre composite structures. Stacking sequence has been determined in structures up to 18 mm thick, and out-of-plane wrinkling measured in 35 mm-thick structures, although penetration depends on the measurement parameter, material quality and the ply spacing. The tools are software based and are applied through post-processing of full-waveform data acquired using one of several suitable ultrasonic acquisition systems. These include commercially available phased array systems.
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is regulated during <i>Dictyostelium</i> development via the serpentine receptor cAR3 (1999)

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is required during metazoan development to mediate the effects of the extracellular signal wingless/Wnt-1 and hence is necessary for correct cell type specification. GSK-3 also regulates cell fate during Dictyostelium development, but in this case it appears to mediate the effects of extracellular cAMP. By direct measurement of GSK-3 kinase activity during Dictyostelium development, we find that there is a rise in activity at the initiation of multicellular development which can be induced by cAMP. The timing of the rise correlates with the requirement for the Dictyostelium homologue of GSK-3, GSKA, to specify cell fate. We show that loss of the cAMP receptor cAR3 almost completely abolishes the rise in kinase activity and causes a mis-specification of cell fate that is equivalent to that seen in a gskA- mutant. The phenotype of a cAR3(-) mutant however is less severe than loss of gskA and ultimately gives rise to an apparently wild-type fruiting body. These results indicate that in Dictyostelium extracellular cAMP acts via cAR3 to cause a rise in GSKA kinase activity which regulates cell type patterning during the initial stages of multicellularity.
Embedded twin MONOS flash memories with 4 ns and 15 ns fast access times (2004)

By adding a shared bit diffusion contact to the twin MONOS, a high performance, low voltage, low power NOR-type memory can be achieved. The process is simple and the array maintains its dual density advantage, which makes this flash memory technology suitable for embedded as well as standalone applications. Two fast access embedded designs will be discussed: a) 16 Mb with 15 ns access time and b) 128 Kb with 4 ns access time.
LEARNING USER PREFERENCES OF ROUTE CHOICE BEHAVIOUR FOR ADAPTIVE ROUTE GUIDANCE (2006)

Current navigation systems help drivers in the task of driving and hence improve safety. However, they could be even more useful if route guidance were personalised by incorporating user preferences, which would also improve user satisfaction. A route selection model developed for personalised route guidance is presented. The model adaptively changes route selection rules when it discovers the predicted choice differs from the actual choice of the driver. In this study, the route selection rules are generated by using a decision tree learning algorithm, the C4.5 algorithm, which has advantages over other data mining methods in terms of its comprehensible model structure. A simulation experiment was conducted to analyse the applicability of the learning model to adaptive route guidance and the accuracy of its prediction with a real-world network. For the covering abstract see E134653.
The design and architecture of a video library system (1996)

The authors describe a video-on-demand system that uses personal computers with LANs, making it possible to offer video services with low cost and a wide range of applications. This design approach brings down the cost and may find a wider scope of application in the future. Our research focuses on the underlying software architecture for video library services. We assume the existence of an adequate operating system (OS), network and disk support. We survey related VOD research, introduce services supporting video library, and cover the system architecture and design. We discuss the architecture of our video library server and clients; describe our system implementation, and examine future directions.
The Role of Deposited Poisons and Crystallite Surface Structure in the Activity and Selectivity of Reforming Catalysts (1988)

Abstract Over the past three decades catalytic reforming has evolved very rapidly to the point where it is now one of the most important industrial applications of catalysis [1]. The process was originally developed to produce gasoline components of high antiknock quality, in response to the fuel requirements of high compression ratio automobile engines. The objective of the process is to convert saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes and cyclo-alkanes) in petroleum naphtha fractions to aromatic hydrocarbons as selectively as possible, since the latter have excellent antiknock ratings. Naphtha fractions are composed of hydrocarbons having boiling points within the approximate range of 320–470 K. Reaction temperatures of 700–800 K and pressures of 10–35 atm are employed in the process. The catalysts employed commonly contain platinum or a combination of platinum and a second metallic element such as rhenium or iridium [2].
Permeation enhancer strategies in transdermal drug delivery (2014)

Today, ∼74% of drugs are taken orally and are not found to be as effective as desired. To improve such characteristics, transdermal drug delivery was brought to existence. This delivery system is capable of transporting the drug or macromolecules painlessly through skin into the blood circulation at fixed rate. Topical administration of therapeutic agents offers many advantages over conventional oral and invasive techniques of drug delivery. Several important advantages of transdermal drug delivery are prevention from hepatic first pass metabolism, enhancement of therapeutic efficiency and maintenance of steady plasma level of the drug. Human skin surface, as a site of drug application for both local and systemic effects, is the most eligible candidate available. New controlled transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) technologies (electrically-based, structure-based and velocity-based) have been developed and commercialized for the transdermal delivery of troublesome drugs. This review article covers most of the new active transport technologies involved in enhancing the transdermal permeation via effective drug delivery system.
A directory of sources for interactive technologies (1986)

The quality of human-computer dialogues is greatly affected by the transducers used. When we consider input, there is a broad range of technologies available to the designer. However, most of us have experience with only a small number of these devices. With such limited experience, how can we begin to make the best choices in our designs?
Tunable Impedance Matching for Josephson Junction Reflection Amplifier (2012)

It has been recently demonstrated that a single Josephson junction with a properly engineered impedance environment can be used as a reflection amplifier approaching the quantum limit at microwave frequencies. In this article the authors describe an improved microwave setup for such a device. Voltage-tunable capacitors enable precise impedance matching across a wide range of operating points. Also, a branch-line coupler instead of a microwave circulator is used for the separation of the input and the output signals to make the system more compact and affordable. Furthermore, a custom-designed bias tee is introduced. The authors present characterization results of individual components as well as of the complete system. In particular, noise spectroscopy is used to study amplifier stability as a function of input matching.
The pattern of gene copy number changes in bilateral breast cancer surveyed by cDNA microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (2004)

The nature of genetic alterations in bilateral breast cancer (BBC) associated with the distinctive development of a second primary tumor or a metastatic lesion is not clearly established. In this study, patterns of promoter methylation and gene copy number changes were assessed for their utility in the distinction of two types of BBC (synchronous and metachronous). Seven cases of synchronous and five cases of metachronous breast cancer tissues were used in X chromosome inactivation assay to assess the methylation pattern of human androgen receptor gene. X chromosome inactivation assay alone did not provide enough information to distinguish the genetic origins of synchronous and metachronous BBC. When four pairs of paraffin-embedded BBC tissues were used in cDNA array-based CGH with placenta DNA as a reference, higher DNA copy number changes were observed from metachronous pairs (9.0%) than from synchronous pairs (3.1%). From the two cases of metachronous pairs tested, 44 genes were found to be commonly modulated in gene copy numbers in a cancer detected later.
C. E. Weaver and L. D. Pollard The Chemistry of Clay Minerals. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1973. Approx. 224 pp. Price $26.00. (1974)

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A low power high performance distributed DCT architecture (2003)

A new distributed arithmetic architecture, NEDA, is presented in this paper. NEDA is a low power optimized architecture based on the distributed arithmetic paradigm. In addition to low power performance, NEDA offers high speed and reduced area. In NEDA, inner product computational module has been proved, mathematically, to require only additions. Moreover, minimum number of additions is used by exploiting the redundancy in the adder array. Such properties have made a NEDA unit a basic computational module for high performance DSP architectures. A case study of 8/spl times/8 DCT NEDA-based architecture is analyzed. Savings exceeding 88% are achieved for the DCT implementation.
Learning Sense-specific Word Embeddings By Exploiting Bilingual Resources (2014)

Recent work has shown success in learning word embeddings with neural network language models (NNLM). However, the majority of previous NNLMs represent each word with a single embedding, which fails to capture polysemy. In this paper, we address this problem by representing words with multiple and sense-specific embeddings, which are learned from bilingual parallel data. We evaluate our embeddings using the word similarity measurement and show that our approach is significantly better in capturing the sense-level word similarities. We further feed our embeddings as features in Chinese named entity recognition and obtain noticeable improvements against single embeddings.
Health and Human Values (1983)

Health and human values , Health and human values , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Application Blueprints and Service Description (2018)

In the context of creating a self-organising and self-managing cloud infrastructure we propose a set of extensions to the existing Service Description Languages (SDLs) and Application Blueprints in order to establish a common ground for the various CloudLightning components. By implementing this SDL and all the missing links one can assure that the CloudLightning system works in such a way that users can easily interact with it. In this chapter we present in detail the design decisions that were made during the development of various components alongside with their formal description.
Demonstration of a Coupled Metabolism–Efflux Process at the Choroid Plexus as a Mechanism of Brain Protection Toward Xenobiotics (1999)

Brain homeostasis depends on the composition of both brain interstitial fluid and CSF. Whereas the former is largely controlled by the blood-brain barrier, the latter is regulated by a highly specialized blood-CSF interface, the choroid plexus epithelium, which acts either by controlling the influx of blood-borne compounds, or by clearing deleterious molecules and metabolites from CSF. To investigate mechanisms of brain protection at the choroid plexus, the blood-CSF barrier was reconstituted in vitro by culturing epithelial cells isolated from newborn rat choroid plexuses of either the fourth or the lateral ventricle. The cells grown in primary culture on semipermeable membranes established a pure polarized monolayer displaying structural and functional barrier features, (tight junctions, high electric resistance, low permeability to paracellular markers) and maintaining tissue-specific markers (transthyretin) and specific transporters for micronutriments (amino acids, nucleosides). In particular, the high enzymatic drug metabolism capacity of choroid plexus was preserved in the in vitro blood-CSF interface. Using this model, we demonstrated that choroid plexuses can act as an absolute blood-CSF barrier toward 1-naphthol, a cytotoxic, lipophilic model compound, by a coupled metabolism-efflux mechanism. This compound was metabolized in situ via uridine diphosphate glururonosyltransferase-catalyzed conjugation, and the cellular efflux of the glucurono-conjugate was mediated by a transporter predominantly located at the basolateral, i.e., blood-facing membrane. The transport process was temperature-dependent, probenecid-sensitive, and recognized other glucuronides. Efflux of 1-naphthol metabolite was inhibited by intracellular glutathione S-conjugates. This metabolism-polarized efflux process adds a new facet to the understanding of the protective functions of choroid plexuses.
Absele in bone hemostasis--a clinical and experimental investigation. (1988)

Control of bleeding from bone tissue may sometimes be difficult to maintain. Existing methods of haemorrhage control with standard bone wax can interfere with subsequent healing. This paper presents clinical and experimental results of the use of a new absorbable bone sealant, Absele a paste made from stabilised fibrin and soluble collagen.
High performance motion detection: some trends toward new embedded architectures for vision systems (2008)

The goal of this article is to compare some optimised implementations on current high performance platforms in order to highlight architectural trends in the field of embedded architectures and to get an estimation of what should be the components of a next generation vision system. We present some implementations of robust motion detection algorithms on three architectures: a general purpose RISC processor-the PowerPC G4-a parallel artificial retina dedicated to low level image processing-Pvlsar34-and the Associative Mesh, a specialized architecture based on associative net. To handle the different aspects and constraints of embedded systems, execution time and power consumption of these architectures are compared.
Interactions between human tumor cells and fibroblasts stimulate hyaluronate synthesis. (1984)

Several types of tumors contain high concentrations of hyaluronate, yet isolated tumor cells in culture often produce little glycosaminoglycan. To explore the possibility that interactions between tumor cells and host fibroblasts stimulate hyaluronate synthesis, human tumor cells were grown separately from and in coculture with normal human fibroblasts. Stimulation was observed with each of the three types of tumor cells used: LX-1 lung carcinoma, DAN pancreatic carcinoma, and TRIG melanoma. The interaction between LX-1 cells and fibroblasts was studied in detail. Under serum-free conditions, cocultures of LX-1 and fibroblasts synthesized 3-fold more hyaluronate than the sum of that produced by LX-1 and fibroblast cultures grown separately. This stimulation was linear over 72 hr and hyaluronate represented 80% of the glycosaminoglycan synthesized. Maximum stimulation occurred at a ratio of fibroblasts to LX-1 cells of 1-2:1. Quantitation of unlabeled glycosaminoglycans by HPLC analysis of disaccharides generated by digestion with chondroitin ABC and AC lyases (EC 4.2.2.4 and 4.2.2.5) demonstrated that net accumulation of hyaluronate increased 2-fold and that hyaluronate represented 80% of total chondroitinase-sensitive glycosaminoglycan produced by the cocultures. The disaccharide patterns obtained showed that accumulations of chondroitin-4- and chondroitin-6-sulfates were stimulated proportionately to that of hyaluronate in these cocultures. Similar levels of stimulation due to coculture were obtained in serum-containing and serum-free media. Stimulation was not effected by addition of LX-1-conditioned medium to fibroblast cultures or by culturing LX-1 and fibroblasts under conditions where they shared the same medium but were physically separated. Cell contact between LX-1 and fibroblasts thus appears to be necessary for the stimulation of hyaluronate synthesis.
Control-lyapunov universal formulas for restricted inputs (1995)

Keywords: Lyapunov functions, Artstein’s Theorem, Nonlinear stabilization We deal with the question of obtaining explicit feedback control laws that stabilize a nonlinear system, under the assumption that a “control Lyapunov function ” is known. In previous work, the case of unbounded controls was considered. Here we obtain results for bounded and/or positive controls. We also provide some simple preliminary remarks regarding a set stability version of the problem and a version for systems subject to disturbances. 1
Computed Aberrations of Spherical Schwarzschild Reflecting Microscope Objectives* (1951)

A microscope objective with (small) central obstruction of aperture and small wave-front deformation has a loss of amplitude at the center of the Airy disk which may be expressed in terms of losses due to spherical aberration, coma, and central obstruction. These losses are essentially independent; the net loss is the sum of the separate losses. Data are presented from which these losses for Schwarzschild spherical mirror systems of high initial magnification may be computed. It is shown that for visible or ultraviolet light and for numerical apertures greater than about 0.5, the net loss of central amplitude becomes excessive unless the object field is restricted to an extraordinarily small diameter. The numerical aperture at which such restriction of the field is necessary may be increased if the initial magnification is made small, e.g., about 8×, as is possible and convenient for infrared microspectroscopy.
Survey of Test Vector Compression Techniques (2006)

Test data compression consists of test vector compression on the input side and response, compaction on the output side. This vector compression has been an active area of research. This article summarizes and categories these techniques. The focus is on hardware-based test vector compression techniques for scan architectures. Test vector compression schemes fall broadly into three categories: code-based schemes use data compression codes to encode test cubes; linear-decompression-based schemes decompress the data using only linear operations (that is LFSRs and XOR networks) and broadcast-scan-based schemes rely on broadcasting the same values to multiple scan chains
Intra- and Intergeneric Similarities of Chromobacterium and Janthinobacterium Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Cistrons (1978)

We prepared hybrids between 14C-labeled ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) from either Chromobacterium violaceum NCTC 9757 or Chromobacterium lividum NCTC 9796 and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from a great variety of named gram-negative bacteria, including many type and reference strains. Each hybrid was described by two parameters: (i) Tm(e) , the temperature at which 50% of the hybrid was denatured; (ii) the percent rRNA binding, the amount (micrograms) of [14C]rRNA duplexed in stringent conditions per 100 μg of filter-fixed homologous or heterologous DNA. Each taxon occupied a definite area on the rRNA similarity maps. All C. lividum and C. violaceum strains formed tight separate clusters around their neotype strains. The rRNA parameters of both taxa were about as different from each other as was the case for many genera. Both taxa are phenotypically and genotypically (by DNA-DNA hybridization) likewise very different. We proposed to elevate each cluster to genus rank as C. violaceum and Janthinobacterium lividum. The following strains were misnamed and belonged in neither genus: “C. lividum” = “C.” folium NCTC 10590 and 10591; “C. lividum” GA; “C.” marismortui ATCC 17056; “Pseudomonas” (“Chromobacterium”) iodinum ATCC 9897, 15728, and 15729; “C.” indicum-rubrum (now Serratia marcescens) NCTC 2847; and “C.” viscosum (now Corynebacterium sp.) NCTC 2416. The rRNA cistrons of Chromobacterium and Janthinobacterium resembled most closely those of Pseudomonas section II and III, the authentic Alcaligenes, Bordetella bronchiseptica, the H2-oxidizing Alcaligenes eutrophus and Alcaligenes paradoxus, and Comamonas percolans NCIB 8193. These taxa displayed a number of phenotypical similarities. We suggested that all these taxa are the closest taxonomic relatives of Chromobacterium and Janthinobacterium.
Abortive Cycling and the Release of Polymerase for Elongation at the σ54-dependent glnAp2 Promoter (1995)

Transcription initiation at the sigma 54-dependent glnAp2 promoter was studied to follow the state of polymerase as RNA synthesis begins. Sigma 54 polymerase begins transcription in abortive cycling mode, i.e. after the first bond is made, approximately 75% of the time the short RNA is aborted and synthesis must be restarted. Polymerase is capable of abortive initiation until it reaches a position beyond +3 and before +7, at which stage polymerase is released from its promoter contacts and an elongation complex is formed. INitial elongation is accompanied by two transcription bubbles, one moving with the polymerase and the other remaining at the transcription start site. The sigma 54-associated polymerase shows an earlier and more efficient transition out of abortive initiation mode than prior studies of sigma 70-associated polymerase.