gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A functional articulatory dynamic model for speech production (2002)

Introduces a statistical speech production model. The model synthesizes natural speech by modeling some key dynamic properties of vocal articulators in a linear/nonlinear state-space framework. The goal-oriented movements of the articulators (tongue tip, tongue dorsum, upper lip, lower lip, and jaw) are described in a linear dynamic state equation. The resulting articulatory trajectories, combined with the effects of the velum and larynx, are nonlinearly mapped into the acoustic feature space (MFCCs). The key challenges in this model are the development of a nonlinear parameter estimation methodology, and the incorporation of appropriate prior assumptions to assert in the articulatory dynamic structure. Such a model can also be directly applied to speech recognition to better account for coarticulation and phonetic reduction phenomena with considerably fewer parameters than HMM based approaches.
A Dual-Labeled Knottin Peptide for PET and Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Integrin Expression in Living Subjects (2010)

Previously, we used directed evolution to engineer mutants of the Ecballium elaterium trypsin inhibitor (EETI-II) knottin that bind to αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrin receptors with low nanomolar affinity, and showed that Cy5.5- or (64)Cu-DOTA-labeled knottin peptides could be used to image integrin expression in mouse tumor models using near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging or positron emission tomography (PET). Here, we report the development of a dual-labeled knottin peptide conjugated to both NIRF and PET imaging agents for multimodality imaging in living subjects. We created an orthogonally protected peptide-based linker for stoichiometric coupling of (64)Cu-DOTA and Cy5.5 onto the knottin N-terminus and confirmed that conjugation did not affect binding to αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins. NIRF and PET imaging studies in tumor xenograft models showed that Cy5.5 conjugation significantly increased kidney uptake and retention compared to the knottin peptide labeled with (64)Cu-DOTA alone. In the tumor, the dual-labeled (64)Cu-DOTA/Cy5.5 knottin peptide showed decreased wash-out leading to significantly better retention (p < 0.05) compared to the (64)Cu-DOTA-labeled knottin peptide. Tumor uptake was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) when the dual-labeled knottin peptide was coinjected with an excess of unlabeled competitor and when tested in a tumor model with lower levels of integrin expression. Finally, plots of tumor-to-background tissue ratios for Cy5.5 versus (64)Cu uptake were well-correlated over several time points post injection, demonstrating pharmacokinetic cross validation of imaging labels. This dual-modality NIRF/PET imaging agent is promising for further development in clinical applications where high sensitivity and high resolution are desired, such as detection of tumors located deep within the body and image-guided surgical resection.
Immobilized Complexes of Metals with Amino Acid Ligands − A First Step toward the Development of New Biomimetic Catalysts (2006)

The natural amino acids histidine and glutamic acid were immobilized on the surface of functionalized mesoporous silica supports. Histidine and glutamic acid alone and combinations of both were covalently bound to the amino groups on the surface of the support by the formation of amide bonds. The immobilized amino acids were used as ligands for Fe(II). The obtained biomimetic iron complexes were tested as catalysts for cyclohexane oxidation at mild reaction conditions with hydrogenperoxide as oxidant. This stepwise preparation method allowed the synthesis of materials with varying nature and loading of immobilized amino acids. The observed trends in catalytic activity show that both the type and the surface density of immobilized amino acid have an influence on the catalytic performance during cyclohexane oxidation and also on the structure of the immobilized Fe complex.
The Heat Shock Protein 90 Antagonist Novobiocin Interacts with a Previously Unrecognized ATP-binding Domain in the Carboxyl Terminus of the Chaperone (2000)

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), one of the most abundant chaperones in eukaryotes, participates in folding and stabilization of signal-transducing molecules including steroid hormone receptors and protein kinases. The amino terminus of Hsp90 contains a non-conventional nucleotide-binding site, related to the ATP-binding motif of bacterial DNA gyrase. The anti-tumor agents geldanamycin and radicicol bind specifically at this site and induce destabilization of Hsp90-dependent client proteins. We recently demonstrated that the gyrase inhibitor novobiocin also interacts with Hsp90, altering the affinity of the chaperone for geldanamycin and radicicol and causing in vitro and in vivo depletion of key regulatory Hsp90-dependent kinases including v-Src, Raf-1, and p185(ErbB2). In the present study we used deletion/mutation analysis to identify the site of interaction of novobiocin with Hsp90, and we demonstrate that the novobiocin-binding site resides in the carboxyl terminus of the chaperone. Surprisingly, this motif also recognizes ATP, and ATP and novobiocin efficiently compete with each other for binding to this region of Hsp90. Novobiocin interferes with association of the co-chaperones Hsc70 and p23 with Hsp90. These results identify a second site on Hsp90 where the binding of small molecule inhibitors can significantly impact the function of this chaperone, and they support the hypothesis that both amino- and carboxyl-terminal domains of Hsp90 interact to modulate chaperone activity.
The Combined Effects of Oxygen Supply Strategy, Inoculum Size and Temperature Profile on Very-High-Gravity Beer Fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2007)

The timing and concentration of oxygen supply to wort are of particular relevance in industrial beer brewing where tank volumes exceed brewhouse capacity, thereby necessitating fermenter filling in a multiple-brew fashion. A simple technique for accurately controlling dissolved oxygen concentration is presented to model industrial, multi-brew fermentations at bench and pilot scales. This method was employed to identify an effective oxygen supply strategy for batch fermentations conducted with very-high-gravity (VHG) wort. Addition of 25 ppm dissolved oxygen to the fermenting wort, 12 h after inoculation, was the most effective oxygenation strategy and reduced fermentation time by 33% compared to the control conditions. Pilot-scale trials were subsequently conducted to further optimize VHG batch fermentation performance through simultaneous manipulation of key fermentation process parameters, including increased yeast inoculum size, early and increased free-rise timing and temperature, and optimized oxygenation strategy. This approach reduced the time to achieve end of fermentation targets by 34% compared to trials conducted under control conditions. The improved fermentation profile was consistent over three successive inoculations and minimal impact was observed on key flavour volatiles. Employing the optimized process for VHG batch beer production would be industrially desirable due to the potential for improved process efficiency and cost-savings.
Treating 20/20 Eyes With Diabetic Macular Edema (1999)

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Role of Erythroid Kruppel-like Factor in Human γ- to β-Globin Gene Switching (1995)

Erythroid Kruppel-like factor (EKLF) is an erythroid-specific transcription factor that contains zinc finger domains similar to the Kruppel protein of Drosophila melanogaster. Previous studies demonstrated that EKLF binds to the CACCC box in the human beta-globin gene promoter and activates transcription. CACCC box mutations that cause severe beta-thalassemias in humans inhibit EKLF binding. Results described in this paper suggest that EKLF functions predominately in adult erythroid tissue. The EKLF gene is expressed at a 3-fold higher level in adult erythroid tissue than in fetal erythroid tissue, and the EKLF protein binds to the human beta-globin promoter 8-fold more efficiently than to the human gamma-globin promoter. Co-transfection experiments in the human fetal-like erythroleukemia cell line K562 demonstrate that over-expression of EKLF activates a beta-globin reporter construct 1000-fold; a linked gamma-globin reporter is activated only 3-fold. Mutation of the beta-globin CACCC box severely inhibits activation. These results demonstrate that EKLF is a developmental stage-enriched protein that preferentially activates human beta-globin gene expression. The data strongly suggest that EKLF is an important factor involved in human gamma- to beta-globin gene switching.
Lossless compression of hyperspectral images using lookup tables (2006)

In this letter, we propose a new algorithm for lossless compression of hyperspectral images. The proposed method searches the previous band for a pixel of equal value to the pixel co-located to the one to be coded. The pixel in the same position as the obtained pixel in the current band is used as the predictor. Lookup tables are used to speed up the search. The algorithm is suitable for compression of hyperspectral image data in the band-interleaved-by-line (BIL) format. The method outperforms other state-of-the-art compression algorithms for the BIL data, at a lower time complexity level. Moreover, its compression ratios for the band sequential format data are within a few percentage points of the current state-of-the-art methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Polymerization of p‐Pentamethyldisiloxanyl‐α,β ,β‐trifluorostyrene (VI) and the Oxygen Permeability of the Polymer. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ACTION SPECTRA FOR THE PHOTOLYSIS OF 5‐IODODEOXYURIDINE IN DNA AND RELATED MODEL SYSTEMS: EVIDENCE FOR SHORT‐RANGE ENERGY TRANSFER* (1982)

Abstract— A variety of polynucleotides containing 5‐iodouracil residues were irradiated in aqueous solution with wavelengths between 240 and 313 nm. From the rate of deiodination the photochemical cross sections (a B ) were determined as a function of the irradiation wavelength (A). The expression was used to relate the observed values of B to the intrinsic quantum yield, φ INT , and to the absorption cross sections, and for the iodinated and noniodinated residues, respectively. φ INT is the probability an excited iodouracil residue will deiodinate, while the parameter b is a measure of the number of noniodinated bases which contribute their excitation energy to the deiodination process. For IdUrd and poly(5‐iodouridylic acid), the average values of φ INT calculated from the experimental B values were 0.0202 and 0.0188, respectively, for irradiation in air. In native, denatured, and depurinated DNA in which IdUrd was substituted for 10% of the Thd, the average φ INT values were 0.0069, 0.0088, and 0.0153, respectively, indicating an enhancement in φ INT upon decreasing the order of the polynucleotide. In contrast, the average values of b bor the same set of compounds were found to be 4 , 2 and 0.4, respectively, indicating a decrease in b with decreasing polynucleotide order, i.e. a loss of base stacking decreases the extent of energy transfer. A value of b = 4 for native DNA is assumed to mean that the extent of energy transfer in native DNA is limited to four base donors per iodouracil residue serving as an energy trap.
New Polyolefin Based Elastomers for TPO Impact Modification (1994)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new family of homogeneous polyolefin copolymers can be produced by Dow's INSITE<span class="xref">*</span> Technology. These ethylene/octene based, designated as polyolefin plastomers (POP) and polyolefin elastomers (POE), exhibit many unique physical and mechanical properties<sup><span class="xref">1</span>,<span class="xref">2</span>,<span class="xref">3</span>,<span class="xref">4</span></sup> due to their narrow composition distribution (i.e., comonomer distribution and molecular weight distribution). In addition, the INSITE* technology also allows for the production of homogeneous copolymers with a controlled level of long chain branching (LCB) along the polymer backbone. This unique molecular structure results in many improved rheological properties<sup><span class="xref">5</span></sup>, such as enhanced shear thinning and high melt elasticity, and improved polymer melt processability<sup><span class="xref">6</span></sup>. Additionally, the unique rheological properties of the INSITE Technology polymer (ITP) also provide improved dispersion capability in rubber modified polypropylene (PP) blends. Thermoplastic polyolefins (TPO) containing ITP elastomers have excellent low temperature impact strength and injection moldability. The performance and impact toughening mechanism of the ITP impact modified PP will be discussed in this paper.</div>
PTH/SDF-1α cotherapy induces CD90+CD34− stromal cells migration and promotes tissue regeneration in a rat periodontal defect model (2016)

Stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) is a key stem cell homing factor that is crucial for recruitment of stem cells to many diseased organs. However, the therapeutic activity of SDF-1α is potentially limited by N-terminal cleavage at position-2 proline by a cell surface protein CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV). Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a DPP-IV inhibitor and has been suggested as a promising agent for periodontal tissue repair. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of a cell-free system comprising SDF-1α and scaffold plus PTH systemic application on periodontal tissue regeneration in vivo. The results showed that PTH/SDF-1α cotherapy improved the quantity of regenerated bone and resulted in better organization of ligament interface. We further investigated the possible mechanisms, and found that PTH/SDF-1α cotherapy enhanced CD90+CD34- stromal cells migration in vivo, increased the number of CXCR4 + cells in periodontal defects, induced early bone osteoclastogenesis and enhanced the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and collagen I (Col I) in newly formed bone tissue. In conclusion, this cell-free tissue engineering system with local administration of SDF-1α and systemic application of PTH could be employed to induce CD90+CD34- stromal cells recruitment and promote periodontal tissue regeneration.
A computationally efficient model for inversion layer quantization effects in deep submicron N-channel MOSFETs (1996)

Successful scaling of MOS device feature size requires thinner gate oxides and higher levels of channel doping in order to simultaneously satisfy the need for high drive currents and minimal short-channel effects. However, in deep submicron (/spl les/0.25 /spl mu/m gate length) technology, the combination of the extremely thin gate oxides (t/sub ox//spl les/10 nm) and high channel doping levels (/spl ges/10/sup 17/ cm/sup -3/) results in transverse electric fields at the Si/SiO/sub 2/ interface that are sufficiently large, even near threshold, to quantize electron motion perpendicular to the interface. This phenomenon is well known and begins to have an observable impact on room temperature deep submicron MOS device performance when compared to the traditional classical predictions which do not take into account these quantum mechanical effects. Thus, for accurate and efficient device simulations, these effects must be properly accounted for in today's widely used moment-based device simulators. This paper describes the development and implementation into PISCES of a new computationally efficient three-subband model that predicts both the quantum mechanical effects in electron inversion layers and the electron distribution within the inversion layer. In addition, a model recently proposed by van Dort et al. (1994) has been implemented in PISCES. By comparison with self-consistent calculations and previously published experimental data, these two different approaches for modeling the electron inversion layer quantization are shown to be adequate in order to both accurately and efficiently simulate many of the effects of quantization on the electrical characteristics of N-channel MOS transistors.
Combining Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis and an Ecophysiological Model to Analyze the Genetic Variability of the Responses of Maize Leaf Growth to Temperature and Water Deficit (2003)

Ecophysiological models predict quantitative traits of one genotype in any environment, whereas quantitative trait locus (QTL) models predict the contribution of alleles to quantitative traits under a limited number of environments. We have combined both approaches by dissecting into effects of QTLs the parameters of a model of maize (Zea mays) leaf elongation rate (LER; H. Ben Haj Salah, F. Tardieu [1997] Plant Physiol 114: 893-900). Response curves of LER to meristem temperature, water vapor pressure difference, and soil water status were established in 100 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of maize in six experiments carried out in the field or in the greenhouse. All responses were linear and common to different experiments, consistent with the model. A QTL analysis was carried out on the slopes of these responses by composite interval mapping confirmed by bootstrap analysis. Most QTLs were specific of one response only. QTLs of abscisic acid concentration in the xylem sap colocalized with QTLs of response to soil water deficit and conferred a low response. Each parameter of the ecophysiological model was computed as the sum of QTL effects, allowing calculation of parameters for 11 new RILs and two parental lines. LERs were simulated and compared with measurements in a growth chamber experiment. The combined model accounted for 74% of the variability of LER, suggesting that it has a general value for any RIL under any environment.
An Optimized Yaw Damper for Enhanced Passenger Ride Comfort (1987)

The primary purpose of any yaw damper is to suppress the dutch roll response of the airplane in turbulence. Large lateral accelerations at the aft end of the aircraft are especially degrading to ride quality. These lateral accelerations are due to higher frequency structural modes of the aircraft in addition to the low frequency dutch roll mode. Here we will present an optimized yaw damper to enhance passenger ride comfort. Because of the limited scope of this analysis, only the rigid body effects, or dutch roll mode, will be considered.
The Role of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Activation in the Development of Myocardial and Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes (2002)

Patients with diabetes exhibit a high incidence of diabetic cardiomyopathy and vascular complications, which underlie the development of retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy and increase the risk of hypertension, stroke, and myocardial infarction. There is emerging evidence that the activation of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) importantly contributes to the development of endothelial dysfunction in a streptozotocin-induced model of diabetes. We investigated the role of PARP activation in the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced and genetic (nonobese diabetic) models of diabetes in rats and mice. Development of diabetes was accompanied by hyperglycemia, cardiac PARP activation, a selective loss of endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the thoracic aorta, and an early diastolic dysfunction of the heart. Treatment with a novel potent phenanthridinone-based PARP inhibitor, PJ34, starting 1 week after the onset of diabetes, restored normal vascular responsiveness and significantly improved cardiac dysfunction, despite the persistence of severe hyperglycemia. The beneficial effect of PARP inhibition persisted even after several weeks of discontinuation of the treatment. Thus, PARP activation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiovascular (cardiac as well as endothelial) dysfunction. PARP inhibitors may exert beneficial effects against the development of cardiovascular complications in diabetes.
CP with Architectural State Lookup for Functional Test Generation (2006)

Constraint programming (CP) is a powerful technology that has proved very useful in random functional test generation. On the other hand the complexity of the test generation process prevents it from being represented and solved as a single constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). Developers of test generation tools have to decompose the problem into a set of smaller tasks and to make CP work in interaction with other technologies, e.g. architectural simulator. The task of turning these foreign technologies into an integral part of the CP search algorithm raises multiple challenges. We propose a method for accomplishing this task by means of so called custom constraints, which are based on demons and custom propagation algorithms. We implemented the method in a framework of ILOG Solver and tested it on a use case of the memory address translation mechanism for protected mode of IA-32 processor
Destruction of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, Salmonella spp., and Mycoplasma spp. in Raw Milk by a Commercial On-Farm High-Temperature, Short-Time Pasteurizer (2004)

The 2002 NAHM's Dairy Survey indicated that 87.2% of dairy farms in the United States feed waste milk to their neonatal calves. Although cost-effective, this practice can lead to increased calf morbidity and mortality due to ingestion of pathogenic agents. In an effort to reduce the risk of infection, dairy producers are implementing on-farm pasteurization of the waste milk as a control procedure before feeding the milk to calves. In the present study, the efficacy of a commercial high-temperature, short-time (HTST) on-farm pasteurizer unit to destroy Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, Salmonella enterica spp., and Mycoplasma spp. in raw milk was evaluated. Replicate experiments were run for 3 isolates of M. paratuberculosis, 3 serovars of Salmonella (derby, dublin, typhimurium); and 4 species of Mycoplasma (bovis, californicum, canadense, serogroup 7) at 2 different levels of experimental inoculation. In addition, HTST pasteurization experiments were performed on colostrum experimentally inoculated with M. paratuberculosis. After culture of the pasteurized milk samples, no viable M. paratuberculosis, Salmonella, or Mycoplasma were recovered, regardless of species, strain, or isolate. Pasteurization of colostrum was also effective in the destruction of M. paratuberculosis but resulted in an average 25% reduction in colostral immunoglobulin. These results suggest that HTST pasteurization is effective in generating a safer product to feed to young calves.
Water soluble kraft lignin–acrylic acid copolymer: synthesis and characterization (2015)

In this work, softwood kraft lignin was copolymerized with acrylic acid, which generated a water soluble product at pH 7.
Dyslipidemia and coronary heart disease (1996)

Center for Human Nutrition and Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA *Universita Degli Studi di Milano, Instituto di Scienze Farmacologiche, Milano, Italy