gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Dietary Hydroxycinnamate Caffeic Acid and Its Conjugate Chlorogenic Acid Increase Vitamin E and Cholesterol Concentrations in Sprague−Dawley Rats (2003)

Vegetarian diets are correlated with a reduced risk of developing cardiovascular disease and comprise a great variety of bioactive compounds, including hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. Therefore, this study aimed to identify dietary hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives that may alter two important factors related to the development of cardiovascular disease, namely, tocopherol (T) and cholesterol (C) concentrations in the body. The effects of caffeic acid (CA), chlorogenic acid (CGA), and ferulic acid (FA) on alpha-T, gamma-T, and C levels in blood plasma, liver, and lungs were investigated after these compounds had been fed to rats for 4 weeks at concentrations of 2 g/kg in semisynthetic diets. None of the regimens affected weight gain, feed intake, or absolute weights of livers and lungs, although CA increased the liver weight relative to the body weight (P < 0.05). CA- and CGA-fed animals showed a tendency toward sparing vitamin E in all tissues, but statistical significance was obtained only for gamma-T in the liver of CA-fed animals (P < 0.005) and for alpha-T in the lungs of CGA-treated rats (P < 0.05). CGA supplementation reduced concentrations of lipids in the lung tissue (P < 0.05). CA and CGA elevated the concentrations of C in liver tissue and lipids to a similar extent, but only CA decreased the ratio of high-density lipoprotein C to total C in blood plasma (P < 0.05 for all effects). Animals eating FA showed T and C values comparable to those in the control group. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that dietary caffeic and chlorogenic acid may elevate tocopherols and cholesterol in vivo.
A new approach to the nurse scheduling problem (1988)

For nursing-staff scheduling in a hospital, the authors present a method for constructing an agency-independent core upon which particular requirements can be tailored. The approach is to separate the institution-specific knowledge from the general scheduling procedure. A scheduling system tailored to a given institution is provided by incorporating the institution-dependent declarative program into the general procedure. A software system was developed in Prolog using this approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Looking back at Waldo: Oculomotor inhibition of return does not prevent return fixations (2011)

Inhibition of Return (IOR) is a difficulty in processing stimuli presented at recently attended locations. IOR is widely believed to facilitate foraging of a visual scene by decreasing the probability that gaze will return to previously fixated locations. However, there is a lack of clear evidence in support of the foraging facilitator hypothesis during scene search. The original R. M. Klein and W. J. MacInnes' (1999) Where's Waldo study reported a forward bias in the distribution of fixations that was taken as evidence for the foraging facilitator hypothesis. The present study was designed to replicate R. M. Klein and W. J. MacInnes' (1999) but include detailed analysis of fixation distributions in order to test the precise predictions of the foraging facilitator hypothesis. The results indicate that latencies of saccades returning to 1-back (and possibly 2-back) locations during visual search are elevated. However, there is no evidence that the probability of returning to these locations is significantly less than control locations. Eye movement behavior during search of visual scenes does not support the view that IOR facilitates foraging.
Virus Assembly (1975)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Cluster Analysis of Spatiotemporal Corn Yield Patterns in an Iowa Field (2003)

Crop yields are frequently heterogeneous across space and time. We performed this study to determine if cluster analysis could be used to decipher the temporal and spatial patterns of corn ( Zea mays L.) yield within a field. Nonhierarchal cluster analysis was applied to 6 yr of corn yield data collected for 224 yield plots on a regular grid on the southern half of a 32‐ha field. We were able to group the yield observations into five temporal yield patterns or clusters. The clusters were not randomly distributed across the field but instead formed contiguous areas roughly equivalent to landscape positions. Cluster membership was determined primarily by yield differences in years with growing season precipitation greater than the 40‐yr average. A multiple discriminant analysis was used to predict the spatial occurrence of the clusters from easily determined field attributes: soil electrical conductivity, elevation, slope, and plan and profile curvature. The multiple discriminant functions were unable to distinguish between the two clusters located on the lowest portions of the landscape. Because of similar temporal yield patterns in these two clusters, they were combined and the multiple discriminant analysis repeated for four clusters. Using a holdout sample approach, we achieved 76 and 80% success rates in classifying the yield plots into the correct yield clusters. If response curves for inputs such as N prove to be unique for the different yield clusters, then clustering of multiple‐year yield data may prove an effective method for determining management zones within fields.
Nd-doped yttrium aluminum garnet with improved fluorescent lifetime of the 4<i>F</i>3/2 state (1976)

YAG:Nd polycrystals have been prepared in which the fluorescent lifetime of the 4F3/2 state is ∼420 μsec, in excellent agreement with the previously measured cross section and branching ratios. When such polycrystals are either fused or used to pull single crystals from melt, the fluorescent lifetime is reduced to ∼280 μsec. This is attributed to the creation of defects at high temperatures which can act as quenching centers. Various mechanisms for nonradiative decay of 4F3/2 are also discussed.
The evolutionary origins of Epichloë endophytes from annual ryegrasses (2000)

The annual Lolium (ryegrass) species were surveyed for seedborne, asexual Epichloë endophytes (i.e., Neotyphodium spp.). Endophytes that were extremely slow growing in culture were identified from all seven annual ryegrass spp. Sequences of β-tubulin gene (tub2) introns and the internal transcribed spacers of the nuclear ribosomal RNA (rDNA-ITS) were determined, as were profiles based on five microsatellite loci. Two taxonomic groups of annual ryegrass endophytes were distinguishable by morphology, culturability and genotypes. One group, for which the name Neotyphodium, occultans is proposed, comprised only isolates that could not be subcultured on potato dextrose agar medium. These isolates contained multiple tub2 genes and multiple alleles at microsatellite loci, suggestive of an interspecific hybrid origin. The results of phylogenetic analysis implied that the ancestors of N. occultans included Epichloë baconii and E. bromicola, or close relatives. The second taxonomic group of annual ryegrass endophytes, exemplified by isolate Lc4, was found only in L. canariense. This taxon had a single tub2 sequence and microsatellite genotype that was nearly identical to those of extant Epichloë typhina isolates that infect Poa nemoralis. Therefore, it is proposed that Lc4 is an asexual derivative of an E. typhina genotype closely related to extant strains from P. nemoralis. We propose the name Neotyphodium typhinum var. canariense for this taxon. These two new endophyte taxa from the annual ryegrasses are further examples of asexual Neotyphodium species that have arisen from sexual Epichloë spp. either directly by loss of the sexual state, or by interspecific hybridization events.
Immunomodulating ability of galactoside-specific lectin standardized and depleted mistletoe extract. (1995)

Commercially available mistletoe extract standardized for the galactoside-specific lectin (ML-1; Eurixor) and a chromatographically ML-1-depleted preparation (same charge no. and composition of remaining components) were tested for their immunomodulating potency. In BALB/c-mice, regular subcutaneous administration of the optimal immunomodulating dosage (1 ng ML-1/kg body weight) could be shown to induce no influence on spleen weight, a non-significant increase of thymus weight, a significant increase of thymocyte, peritoneal macrophage, peripheral blood leukocyte, lymphocyte and monocyte and monocyte counts, and a significant decrease of peripheral blood granulocyte counts. Administration of analogue volumes (concentrations) of ML-1-depleted extract, however, did not induce any immunopotentiation. Accordingly, it may be assumed, that the galactoside-specific lectin (ML-1) represents the main immunomodulating component in commercially available mistletoe extracts.
Whole-genome association study identifies <i>STK39</i> as a hypertension susceptibility gene (2008)

Hypertension places a major burden on individual and public health, but the genetic basis of this complex disorder is poorly understood. We conducted a genome-wide association study of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) in Amish subjects and found strong association signals with common variants in a serine/threonine kinase gene, STK39. We confirmed this association in an independent Amish and 4 non-Amish Caucasian samples including the Diabetes Genetics Initiative, Framingham Heart Study, GenNet, and Hutterites (meta-analysis combining all studies: n = 7,125, P < 10(-6)). The higher BP-associated alleles have frequencies > 0.09 and were associated with increases of 3.3/1.3 mm Hg in SBP/DBP, respectively, in the Amish subjects and with smaller but consistent effects across the non-Amish studies. Cell-based functional studies showed that STK39 interacts with WNK kinases and cation-chloride cotransporters, mutations in which cause monogenic forms of BP dysregulation. We demonstrate that in vivo, STK39 is expressed in the distal nephron, where it may interact with these proteins. Although none of the associated SNPs alter protein structure, we identified and experimentally confirmed a highly conserved intronic element with allele-specific in vitro transcription activity as a functional candidate for this association. Thus, variants in STK39 may influence BP by increasing STK39 expression and consequently altering renal Na(+) excretion, thus unifying rare and common BP-regulating alleles in the same physiological pathway.
Hydrogen-Bonding and Protonation Effects in Electrochemistry of Quinones in Aprotic Solvents (1997)

Hydrogen-bonding and protonation are fundamental factors controlling potentials and mechanisms in the reduction of quinones. These are studied systematically in benzonitrile, acetonitrile, and dimethylsulfoxide solutions by cyclic voltammetry of a series of quinones of increasing basicity (chloranil to duroquinone), in the presence of hydroxylic additives of increasing hydrogen-bonding power (tert-butyl alcohol to hexafluoro-2-propanol) or acidity (trifluoroacetic acid). Electrochemical effects are demonstrated over the complete interaction range, from hydrogen bonding of reduced dianions to protonation of unreduced quinones. With increasing concentrations of additives, three clearly different types of electrochemical behavior are observed for weakly (I), moderately (II), and strongly (III) interacting quinone-additive pairs, as follows: (I) Two well-separated reduction waves, corresponding to formation of quinone mono- and dianions, shift positively, with no loss of reversibility. The second wave is smaller, shifts more strongly, and finally merges with the first. The relative heights of the waves remain constant. (II) The positive shift is accompanied by increasing height of the first peak and broadening and irreversibility of the second wave. (III) One or even two, more positively shifted, new prior waves appear, together with a new anodic wave. In interpreting these phenomena, the role of hydrogen-bonding is clearly distinguished from protonation on the basis of pKa values of relevant species, effects of solvent variation, magnitude of potential shifts, and the onset of irreversibility. Type I behavior is attributed to stabilization by hydrogen-bonding of mono- and dianion reduction products; the number of bonds per quinone ion and bonding equilibrium constants are estimated from the shifts in peak potentials with additive concentration. These results are supported by simulating the experimental cyclic voltammograms using these parameters. Type III behavior is assigned to initial hydrogen-bonding or protonation of the quinones. Type II is attributed to a reduction mechanism involving disproportionation of primary radicals, assisted by hydrogen-bonding or protonation of the dianion.
Applications of single-iteration Kirchhoff least-squares migration (2017)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2017Applications of single-iteration Kirchhoff least-squares migrationAuthors: Lorenzo CasasantaFrancesco PerroneGraham RobertsAndrew RatcliffeKaren PurcellArash JafargandomiGordon PooleLorenzo CasasantaCGG, Francesco PerroneCGG, Graham RobertsCGG, Andrew RatcliffeCGG, Karen PurcellCGG, Arash JafargandomiCGG, and Gordon PooleCGGhttps://doi.org/10.1190/segam2017-17704075.1 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract It is well-known that standard migration is not a true inverse operation and is based on the adjoint of the forward modeling operator. Due to this approximation the resulting migrated image can often suffer from various artifacts and uneven illumination issues, especially in regions of complex geology. Least-squares depth migration approximates the inverse of the forward modeling and can be used to reduce these problems. We show two real data applications of a single-iteration (non-iterative) Kirchhoff least-squares depth migration process to highlight the benefits of this technique. Our first example demonstrates improved amplitude behavior of the least-squares migration results on an offshore Gabon data set. In the second example we show an efficient way to include attenuation in the least-squares migration process, and highlight a stable uplift in resolution and illumination compensation of the final image using a Central North Sea data set. Presentation Date: Tuesday, September 26, 2017 Start Time: 11:25 AM Location: 361A Presentation Type: ORAL Keywords: Kirchhoff, Q, least-squares migration, AVO/AVAPermalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2017-17704075.1FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byA practical least-squares Kirchhoff Q migration workflow and its application to Celtic Sea imagingCheng Cheng, Yang He, Zhaojun Liu, and Bin Wang10 August 2019Imaging through near-surface absorption bodies with viscoacoustic least-squares migration: A case study from the Northern Viking GrabenThomas Latter, Malgorzata Gregory, Andrew Ratcliffe, Graham Roberts, Bingmu Xiao, Rhea Sood, and Chris Purcell27 August 2018 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2017ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2017 Pages: 6093 publication data© 2017 Published in electronic format with permission by the Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 17 Aug 2017 CITATION INFORMATION Lorenzo Casasanta, Francesco Perrone, Graham Roberts, Andrew Ratcliffe, Karen Purcell, Arash Jafargandomi, and Gordon Poole, (2017), "Applications of single-iteration Kirchhoff least-squares migration," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 4432-4437. https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2017-17704075.1 Plain-Language Summary KeywordsKirchhoffQleast-squares migrationAVO/AVAPDF DownloadLoading ...
Structure of the post-translational protein translocation machinery of the ER membrane. (2019)

Many proteins must translocate through the protein-conducting Sec61 channel in the eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum membrane or the SecY channel in the prokaryotic plasma membrane<sup>1,2</sup>. Proteins with highly hydrophobic signal sequences are first recognized by the signal recognition particle (SRP)<sup>3,4</sup> and then moved co-translationally through the Sec61 or SecY channel by the associated translating ribosome. Substrates with less hydrophobic signal sequences bypass the SRP and are moved through the channel post-translationally<sup>5,6</sup>. In eukaryotic cells, post-translational translocation is mediated by the association of the Sec61 channel with another membrane protein complex, the Sec62-Sec63 complex<sup>7-9</sup>, and substrates are moved through the channel by the luminal BiP ATPase<sup>9</sup>. How the Sec62-Sec63 complex activates the Sec61 channel for post-translational translocation is not known. Here we report the electron cryo-microscopy structure of the Sec complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, consisting of the Sec61 channel and the Sec62, Sec63, Sec71 and Sec72 proteins. Sec63 causes wide opening of the lateral gate of the Sec61 channel, priming it for the passage of low-hydrophobicity signal sequences into the lipid phase, without displacing the channel's plug domain. Lateral channel opening is triggered by Sec63 interacting both with cytosolic loops in the C-terminal half of Sec61 and transmembrane segments in the N-terminal half of the Sec61 channel. The cytosolic Brl domain of Sec63 blocks ribosome binding to the channel and recruits Sec71 and Sec72, positioning them for the capture of polypeptides associated with cytosolic Hsp70<sup>10</sup>. Our structure shows how the Sec61 channel is activated for post-translational protein translocation.
Tumescent Liposuction Complicated by Pulmonary Edema (1997)

In tumescent liposuction, large volumes of dilute lidocaine and epinephrine are infused subcutaneously to prepare fat for extraction. Reported cardiopulmonary complications of tumescent liposuction have been few, and the anesthetic and hemodynamic advantages are several. We report an instance of pulmonary edema in a healthy 55-year-old male body-builder who received 7900 cc subcutaneous and 2200 cc intravenous fluid. With normal cardiopulmonary and renal function, the patient responded promptly to intravenous diuretics without sequelae. Out of over 900 patients who have had tumescent liposuction with up to 15 liters infused parenterally, this is the first case of pulmonary edema.
Tryptic Hydrolysis of Human Serum Albumin (1967)

Abstract The fragmentation of human serum albumin by trypsin was studied by electrophoresis and by gel filtration. Brief hydrolysis at pH 8.5 yields a characteristic pattern of fragmentation, the most conspicuous feature of which is the appearance of a 51,000 mol wt fragment of distinct electrophoretic mobility. Concomitant with the formation of this fragment, an 18,500 mol wt fragment is released. In addition to this predominant pattern, a second breakdown mechanism seems to operate which yields 13,500 mol wt fragments and still smaller peptides. The yield of the 51,000 fragment per bond cleaved is pH-dependent and is maximal at pH 10. The pH dependence of this yield appears to be different from that of the alkaline transition as revealed by optical rotatory measurements. The subunit hypothesis of albumin is discussed in the light of these findings.
Comparison of the Effects of High-Pressure Treatments and Heat Pasteurization on the Whey Proteins in Goat's Milk (1997)

Goat's milk was subjected to pressures up to 500 MPa at 25 or 50 °C, and the extent of denaturation of the individual whey proteins, determined from their loss of solubility at pH 4.6, was examined by gel permeation FPLC (fast protein liquid chromatography) and SDS−PAGE. On pressure treatment at 25 °C, β-lactoglobulin readily aggregated, whereas the immunoglobulins and α-lactalbumin were more resistant. At 50 °C, the effect was greater, and the immunoglobulins and α-lactalbumin were also partially denatured. SDS−PAGE showed that after pressure treatment the proteins in the acid precipitate were disulfide linked. Some small soluble aggregates of β-lactoglobulin remained in the acid whey from pressurized milk, and these were not present in acid whey from heat-treated milk. Thermal and pressure treatments of milk could be distinguished by their different effects on denaturation of the individual whey proteins. Also, the activity of alkaline phosphatase in goat's milk was reduced by pasteurization but not by high-pressure treatment up to 500 MPa for 10 min. The possible use of these differences for monitoring thermal and pressure treatments in milk, and the importance of high pressure treatment in denaturation of the whey proteins, are discussed. Keywords: Whey protein; high pressure; goat's milk; indices; aggregation; denaturation
Study on seasonal variation of aquatic insects in a lotic ecosystem of Guwahati City, Assam, India (2013)

The present study on aquatic insect diversity reveals presence of 14 families and 15 genus of aquatic insect community in different seasons in a lotic ecosystem of Guwahati City, Assam. Order Diptera with 4 families was numerically the most abundant group constituting 49% of the total aquatic insects. The Baetis sp. belonging to order Ephemeroptera and Neuroplecsis larva of order Trichoptera were recorded during the investigation. The highest population of aquatic insect was recorded during the winter season followed by pre-monsoon and postmonsoon season. The lowest and highest numbers of insects were recorded in the month of July and February respectively. The study revealed the presence of two dominant and six subdominant genus in the river ecosystem.
Discharge detection in high-voltage power transformers (1970)

The paper presents the special problems involved in the detection of discharges within high-voltage power transformers. This is followed by a review of the various location techniques being developed in different parts of the world. Both electrical and ultrasonic methods are considered. It is concluded that a routine test is not yet possible, but suggestions are made regarding the relationship between any such measurement and high-voltage insulation tests. It is emphasised that further information of discharge values obtained under prescribed conditions is essential before acceptance levels can be seriously discussed. Again, a test procedure is suggested. Comment is made on the suitability of existing discharge-detection equipment for measurements on transformers. Evidence indicates that a change might be desirable, possibly in association with a location technique. Finally, it is hoped that the paper will help produce a fuller discussion of the real problems involved in transformer-discharge detection, and perhaps lead to the crystallising of the many and varied ideas which have developed since the previous UK joint publication on the subject.
A novel 6-Gbps half-rate SST transmitter with impedance calibration and adjustable pre-emphasis (2015)

A novel half-rate source-series-terminated (SST) transmitter in 65nm bulk CMOS technology is presented in this paper. Compared to previous half-rate SST transmitters, the proposed one consists of four binary-weighted slices increasing proportionally as 1x, 2x, 4x and 8x and the range of pre-emphasis level is increased greatly by the clock-match block to adapt to different channel. The half-rate transmitter can adjust the pre-emphasis level from 1.2dB to 23dB. The transmitter output impedance is adjustable from 33ohms to 64ohms. A power consumption of 24mW is measured at a transmit rate of 6 GB/s which is power-efficient compared to previous half-rate SST transmitter.