gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Multi-user Interaction with Multi-touch Tabletop Displays Using Hand Tracking (2008)

A rear-projection multi-touch tabletop display was augmented with hand tracking utilizing computer vision techniques. Touch detection by frustrated total internal reflection is useful for achieving interaction with tabletop displays, but the technique is not always reliable when multiple users in close proximity simultaneously interact with the display. To solve this problem, we combine touch detection and hand tracking techniques in order to allow multiple users to simultaneously interact with the display without interference. Our hope is that by considering activities occurring on and above a tabletop display, multiuser interaction will become more natural and useful, which should ultimately support collaborative work.
On the Coverage of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Visible Light Communications [Invited] (2017)

Visible light communication (VLC) using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has great potential for future high-data-rate indoor wireless communications. Owing to the dual function of white light-emitting diodes (LEDs), i.e., illumination and communication functions, both the illumination and communication coverages need to be evaluated when implementing an indoor MIMO-VLC system. In this paper, we present a comprehensive investigation of both the illumination and communication coverages of an indoor MIMO-VLC system. Two techniques are applied in the MIMO-VLC system for communication coverage improvement, including a non-Hermitian symmetry orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (NHS-OFDM) modulation scheme and an imaging angle diversity receiver. A general indoor imaging MIMO-VLC system using NHS-OFDM is described and the analytical bit error rate expression of the system is derived. The impact of LED pairing on the communication coverage of an indoor imaging MIMO-VLC system based on NHS-OFDM is also analyzed.
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase gene disruption conferred mice resistant to streptozotocin-induced diabetes (1999)

Streptozotocin (STZ), a glucose analogue known to induce diabetes in experimental animals, causes DNA strand breaks and subsequent activation of poly(ADPribose) polymerase (Parp). Because Parp uses NAD as a substrate, extensive DNA damage will result in reduction of cellular NAD level. In fact, STZ induces NAD depletion and cell death in isolated pancreatic islets in vitro. Activation of Parp therefore is thought to play an important role in STZ-induced diabetes. In the present study, we established Parp-deficient (Parp-/-) mice by disrupting Parp exon 1 by using the homologous recombination technique. These mice were used to examine the possible involvement of Parp in STZ-induced beta-cell damage in vivo. The wild-type (Parp+/+) mice showed significant increases in blood glucose concentration from 129 mg/dl to 218, 370, 477, and 452 mg/dl on experimental days 1, 7, 21, and 60, respectively, after a single injection of 180 mg STZ/kg body weight. In contrast, the concentration of blood glucose in Parp-/- mice remained normal up to day 7, slightly increased on day 21, but returned to normal levels on day 60. STZ injection caused extensive necrosis in the islets of Parp+/+ mice on day 1, with subsequent progressive islet atrophy and loss of functional beta cells from day 7. In contrast, the extent of islet beta-cell death and dysfunction was markedly less in Parp-/- mice. Our findings clearly implicate Parp activation in islet beta-cell damage and glucose intolerance induced by STZ in vivo.
Sequential gas‐phase formation of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub> layers on aerosol‐made TiO<sub>2</sub> Particles (1997)

Barrier alumina‐silica bilayers coated on titania aerosol particles (see Figure) may allow titania pigment with improved properties to be manufactured—e.g., the coatings protect the particles from sunlight. A single‐step coating process is presented and coating pathways for silica and alumina proposed. The characterization of the particles is described and key parameters controlling the morphology of the coating layers discussed. magnified image
Still all quiet on the Eastern front?: the European Union's Eastern Partnership one year after the Prague summit (2010)

"One year ago the Eastern Partnership (EaP) was launched by the European Union. It has been argued that the EaP should neither become just another regional initiative nor should it be over-burdened with expectations. Both views are still valid after the first 12 months. Nevertheless, the launch of the first projects within the EaP allows us to draw some first conclusions and look at the EaP’s developments both in the target countries and the EU.The recommendations set out before the Prague summit 2009 can then be revised and adjusted according to these new developments." (author's abstract)
Using the OPT improvement approach in the SQL/DS development environment (1994)

This paper 1 presents the results of an exploratory case study in which the OPT method was applied to a real software development environment. The OPT method is an iterative software development improvement process. It is specifically aimed at organizational structures and development processes. The steps include modeling the relationship between the organization and the process, measuring various properties of this relationship, and choosing organizational and process changes that will satisfy a set of goals and constraints. Applying OPT to the IBM Software Solutions Toronto Laboratory SQL/DS 2 project demonstrated that this method helps to clarify issues that arise in the design of software development organizations and processes. Specifically, OPT made it possible to refine general improvement goals and to identify specific changes to be made to the environment to fulfill these goals. This paper summarizes the OPT approach and presents results from the SQL/DS case study. 1 The ...
Removal of NO/sub x/ and SO/sub 2/ from flue gases using electron-beam irradiation (1980)

The technical and economical feasibility of an electron beam process to remove SO/sub 2/ and NO/sub x/ from flue gases has been evaluated in a bench-scale process for typical conditions found in utility applications. An analytical model has been developed based on experimental data that will predict NO/sub x/ and SO/sub 2/ removal rates in the electron beam reaction as a function of dosage, temperature, oxygen concentration, moisture concentration, and initial values of SO/sub 2/ and NO/sub x/ concentrations. Three electron beam processes have been evaluated against two conventional processes for SO/sub 2/ and NO/sub x/ removal. All three are competitive for utilities burning high sulfur coal provided high NO/sub x/ removal is required (90% NO/sub x/ removal). In addition, two of the processes are currently lower in cost than a conventional wet Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) system without the high NO/sub x/ removal requirement.
Design of a shared memory Carrier Ethernet switch compliant to Provider Backbone Bridging-Traffic Engineering (IEEE802.1Qay) (2012)

Carrier Ethernet is emerging as a new transport paradigm across metropolitan and core networks. Provider Backbone Bridging-Traffic Engineering or PBB-TE was standardized in the IEEE as 802.1Qay as a mechanism to provide a dedicated transport service at the Ethernet layer. This paper discusses implementation of the PBB-TE standard using shared memory switch architecture, though the same architecture argument can be extended to implement MPLS-TP (the other manifestation of Carrier Ethernet). While shared memory switch architectures have been well investigated, we provide to the best of our knowledge the first carrier-class aggregation switch implemented in a single Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). This low-cost implementation paves the way for advances in Carrier Ethernet technologies to be made available to the access part of the network using rapid prototyping and commercial off the shelf components. The switch architecture supports multiple QoS levels and implements circuit emulation to transport traditional circuit services over a packet backbone. A rigorous simulation study validates our effort.
The Role of CXCR4 Inhibitors as Novel Antiangiogenesis Agents in Cancer Therapy. (2004)

Abstract Angiogenesis plays an important role in tumor growth. Endothelial cells express the chemokine receptor CXCR4, and interact with its ligand SDF-1/CXCL12. Previous studies have demonstrated that the ERK MAP kinase and the PI3Kinase pathways are activated in response to SDF-1 stimulation. In this study, we investigate the effect of the role of inhibitors of CXCR4, ERK MAP kinase and PI3Kinase on angiogenesis. The AngioKit (TCS Cellworks, U.K) is a 24 well plate in which human endothelial cells are co-cultured with other human myoblasts and fibroblasts in a specially designed medium. Control wells in the kit include media alone, VEGF (+control) and suramin (-control). Test samples were added on the day the kits arrive, then changed on days 4, 7, and 9, and stained on day 11 with CD31 (PECAM). The wells are then photographed and subjected to image analysis. The software measures angiogenesis as total tubule length per well in microns. Test samples can then be compared to the control wells to determine the drugs affect on angiogenesis in vitro. The following drugs were tested in this angiogenesis model system, a human CXCR4 neutralizing antibody (MAB 171, R&D systems, MN), SDF-1, the MAP kinase inhibitor PD098059, and the PI3Kinase inhibitor LY294002. Treatment with the CXCR4 inhibitory antibody, PD098059, and LY294002 caused marked decrease in angiogenesis (below the level of the negative control suramin). Inhibition of angiogenesis below the level of suramin was first detected at 1mg/ml CXCR4 antibody, and10mg/ml CXCR4 antibody resulted in complete inhibition of angiogenesis. The effect of PD098059 on angiogenesis was dependent on its concentration; 20mM PD098059 inhibited angiogenesis while lower concentrations did not. These results are consistent with the drug’s known concentration-dependent inhibition of MEK-1 and indicate that the MEK-1 inhibitor leads to angiostasis secondary to its specific inhibitory effect on MEK-1. The lowest level tested of 1μM LY294002 led to inhibition of angiogenesis, and 50μM of LY294002 led to complete abrogation of angiogenesis. SDF-1 has been reported to be angiogenic. In this model system, the effect of SDF-1 alone on angiogenesis was subtle. However, the endothelial cells used in this model system may be secreting endogenous SDF-1 leading to the saturation of the CXCR4 receptor and minimal effects of exogenous SDF-1 stimulation. This was demonstrated by the significant effect of the CXCR4 inhibitor on angiogenesis without the addition of exogenous SDF-1. These results indicate that CXCR4 inhibition and its downstream pathways PI3K and ERK MAP kinase lead to significant inhibition of angiogenesis, and suggest that selective inhibitors of CXCR4 may be useful agents to inhibit angiogenesis.
Zur Umsetzung von Oxalamidinen mit Heterocumulenen der Kohlensäurereihe zu Imidazolidin‐Derivaten (1990)

On the Reaction of Oxalic Amidines with Carbonic Acid Derived Heterocumulenes to Imidazolidine‐Derivatives A useful synthetic route to nonsymmetric derivatives of imidazolidine (derivatives of parabanic acid) is demonstrated by the reaction of tetraarylated oxalic amidines 1 with different alkyl‐ and aryl substituted isothiocyanates 4 , isoselenocyanates 31 , and carbodiimides 30 . Acylisothiocyanates 9 react differently leading to a mixture of three cycloacylation products 12 , 13 and 14 . Silylated heterocumulenes such as 25 and 26 react with 1 to give 28 and 29 transsilylation. Based on the 13 C‐n.m.r. spectroscopic investigation of the reaction between 1a and methyl isothiocyanate and phenyl isothiocyanate respectively a mechanism is proposed.
Co‐expressed presenilin 1 NTF and CTF form functional γ‐secretase complexes in cells devoid of full‐length protein (2004)

The enzyme gamma-secretase catalyzes the intramembrane proteolytic cleavage that generates the amyloid beta-peptide from the beta-amyloid precursor protein. The presenilin (PS) protein is one of the four integral membrane protein components of the mature gamma-secretase complex. The PS protein is itself subjected to endoproteolytic processing, generating stable N- and C-terminal fragment (NTF and CTF, respectively) heterodimers. Here we demonstrate that coexpression of PS1 NTF and CTF functionally mimics expression of the full-length PS1 protein and restores gamma-secretase activity in PS-deficient mammalian cells. The coexpressed fragments re-associate with each other inside the cell, where they also interact with nicastrin, another gamma-secretase complex component. Analysis of gamma-secretase activity following the expression of mutant forms of NTF and CTF, under conditions bypassing endoproteolysis, indicated that the putatively catalytic Asp257 and Asp385 residues have a direct effect on gamma-secretase activity. Moreover, we demonstrate that expression of the wild-type CTF rescues endoproteolytic cleavage of C-terminally truncated PS1 molecules that are otherwise uncleaved and inactive. Recovery of cleavage is critically dependent on the integrity of Asp385. Taken together, our findings indicate that ectopically expressed NTF and CTF restore functional gamma-secretase complexes and that the presence of full-length PS1 is not a requirement for proper complex assembly.
Amyloid β Protein Precursor Is Phosphorylated by JNK-1 Independent of, yet Facilitated by, JNK-Interacting Protein (JIP)-1 (2003)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is genetically linked to the processing of amyloid beta protein precursor (AbetaPP). Aside from being the precursor of the amyloid beta (Abeta) found in plaques in the brains of patients with AD, little is known regarding the functional role of AbetaPP. We have recently reported biochemical evidence linking AbetaPP to the JNK signaling cascade by finding that JNK-interacting protein-1 (JIP-1) binds AbetaPP. In order to study the functional implications of this interaction we assayed the carboxyl-terminal of AbetaPP for phosphorylation. We found that the threonine 668 within the AbetaPP intracellular domain (AID or elsewhere AICD) is indeed phosphorylated by JNK1. We surprisingly found that although JIP-1 can facilitate this phosphorylation, it is not required for this process. We also found that JIP-1 only facilitated phosphorylation of AbetaPP but not of the two other family members APLP1 (amyloid precursor-like protein 1) and APLP2. Understanding the connection between AbetaPP phosphorylation and the JNK signaling pathway, which mediates cell response to stress may have important implications in understanding the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
Intravital microscopy reveals novel antivascular and antitumor effects of endostatin delivered locally by alginate-encapsulated cells. (2001)

The current study describes new, antivascular, and antitumor effects of human endostatin. A novel system for continuous, localized delivery of antiangiogenic compounds to brain tumors was used. The delivery system was composed of endostatin-producing 293 cells encapsulated into immuno-isolating sodium alginate. Intravital multifluorescence microscopy was used to assess vascular and antitumor effects of endostatin in C6 glioma spheroids implanted into an ectopic as well as an orthotopic setting. Analysis of total and functional vascular density, microvascular diameters, vessel perfusion, tumor growth, and tumor cell migration were performed repetitively. Tumor growth was reduced by 35% in treated animals. It was of interest that tumor cell invasion into the surrounding tissue was also inhibited. The total vascular density was reduced by 67.6%, perfusion by 67%, and vessel diameters by 37%. This resulted in a significant reduction in tumor perfusion, although the vessel permeability was not influenced. We have demonstrated that human endostatin not only reduces total vascular density, as shown previously, but also greatly reduces the functionality and the diameters of the vessels. Furthermore, we show that this therapeutic approach also inhibits tumor cell invasion, thus supporting the hypothesis that tumor angiogenesis and invasion represent two interrelated processes. Finally, this work further confirms the new therapeutic concept using alginate cell-encapsulation technology for the localized delivery of therapeutic compounds to central nervous system malignancies.
Metaphase arrest in the bone marrow cells of Rattus norvegicus by the Beta-exotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis. (1978)

The beta-exotoxin, thuringiensin A, from Bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis has been found to be C-mitotic in the bone marrow cells of Rattus norvegicus. This exotoxin therefore appears to be a potential tool for metaphase arrest in karyological studies. The delta-endotoxin protein has no similar activity.
Equilibrium in the Behrend rearrangement of nitrones (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEquilibrium in the Behrend rearrangement of nitronesPeter A. S. Smith and Stewart E. GloyerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 17, 2504–2508Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00905a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00905a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views221Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Privacy-Aware Communication for Smartphones Using Vibration (2012)

We propose a novel communication method between smart devices using a built-in vibrator and accelerometer. The proposed approach is ideal for low-rate private communication and its communication medium is an object on which smart devices are placed, such as tables and desks. When more than two smart devices are placed on an object and one device wants to transmit a message to the other devices, the transmitting device generates a sequence of vibrations. The vibrations are propagated through the object on which devices are placed. The receiving devices analyze their accelerometer readings to decode incoming messages. Unlike radio-based wireless communication where eavesdropping of private communication is possible without the knowledge of the user, the proposed method can guarantee privacy as long as the object used for communication is secured. The proposed method is implemented on Android smart phones and comprehensive experiments are conducted to show its feasibility.
CLUTTER SUPPRESSION CHARACTERISTICS OF STEPPED-FM RADAR WITH MUSIC ALGORITHM (2001)

This paper describes detecting targets in road clutter using millimeter-wave stepped-FM radars with discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and multiple signal classification (MUSIC). When the stepped-FM radar is combined with the MUSIC algorithm, range resolution and clutter suppression capability are improved. It first examines the decorrelation bandwidth for the road, followed by the PDF of road clutter. Computer simulation is used to study the performance of the stepped-FM radar including the MUSIC algorithm.
Complications Related to Anatomic Reconstruction of the Coracoclavicular Ligaments (2012)

Newer techniques for the anatomic reconstruction of the CC ligaments may have steep learning curves associated with complications such as coracoid and clavicle fractures. Loss of reduction continues to be associated with the operative treatment of high-grade AC separations. Further refinement of surgical technique and experience with the operative treatment of AC separation is warranted.
A Five-Gene Signature and Clinical Outcome in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer (2007)

Our five-gene signature is closely associated with relapse-free and overall survival among patients with NSCLC.
Gamma-Ray Absorption Coefficients (1952)

A survey is given of the absorption of radiation in the energy range from 0.1 Mev to 6 Mev. Results of the theories of Compton effect, photoelectric effect, and pair production are given in the form of equations, tables, and curves. Necessary considerations in studying absorption coefficients are discussed and results of various workers are compared with theory. It is concluded that in this energy range the present theories give values of absorption coefficients which are in good agreement with those obtained experimentally.
Morphological and molecular characterization of<i>Fusarium pseudograminearum</i>sp. nov., formerly recognized as the Group 1 population of<i>F. graminearum</i> (1999)

Fusarium pseudograminearum sp. nov., formally known as F. graminearum Group 1, is described and illustrated. Fusarium pseudograminearum can be distinguished from F. graminearum based on difference in colony growth rates, region of conidia with greatest width, different reactions to near-ultraviolet black-light-blue light concerning the length of 3-and 5-septate conidia, and absence of homothallic production of perithecia. Maximum parsimony analysis of DNA sequences from the β-tubulin gene introns and exons indicate that F. pseudograminearum represents a phylogenetically distinct species that is a sister group to a F. graminearum-F. lunulosporum-F. culmorum clade. DNA sequence data from the translation elongation factor gene were used to develop a polymerase chain reaction primer pair which specifically amplified DNA from all isolates of Fusarium pseudograminearum tested.