gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of dietary fats and phytosterol on serum fatty acid composition and lipoprotein cholesterol in rats. (1984)

The effects of dietary fats and phytosterol on the fatty acid composition and lipoprotein cholesterol in serum were studied in female rats, with the following results. (1) The addition of 1% cholesterol to the 20% butter diet decreased the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) to saturated fatty acid (SFA) in serum. This phenomenon was negated when there was an intake of cod liver oil and wheat germ oil. (2) When cholesterol was added to the 20% butter diet, the serum total cholesterol increased 3.7-fold, due to an increase in the lower density lipoprotein (LDL + VLDL). (3) The addition of 5% phytosterol to the 10% butter-cholesterol diet reduced the total cholesterol level and increased the ratio of cholesterol in high density lipoprotein (HDL) to the cholesterol in LDL + VLDL. Although a 10% cod liver oil addition also reduced the total cholesterol level, the ratio of HDL/LDL + VLDL was similar to that of the 10% butter-cholesterol diet. (4) A direct relationship was found between the concentration of oleic acid (18:1) in serum and the total cholesterol level (r = 0.947) and also the level of LDL + VLDL-cholesterol (r = 0.935). These results show that cod liver oil, wheat germ oil, and phytosterol induce an increase in the PUFA/SFA ratio, promote hypocholesterolemia, and change lipoprotein concentration. However, there were indications that no relationship exists between the change in the total cholesterol level and the change in the ratio of HDL/LDL + VLDL, and that the increase of total cholesterol and LDL + VLDL-cholesterol was consistent with the increase of oleic acid in serum.
Bone Morphogenetic Protein-1/Tolloid-related Metalloproteinases Process Osteoglycin and Enhance Its Ability to Regulate Collagen Fibrillogenesis (2004)

The mammalian bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP-1)/Tolloid-related metalloproteinases play key roles in regulating formation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) via biosynthetic processing of various precursor proteins into mature functional enzymes, structural proteins, and proteins involved in initiating the mineralization of hard tissue ECMs. They also have been shown to activate several members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, and may serve to coordinate such activation with formation of the ECM in morphogenetic events. Osteoglycin (OGN), a small leucine-rich proteoglycan with unclear functions, is found in cornea, bone, and other tissues, and appears to undergo proteolytic processing in vivo. Here we have successfully generated recombinant OGN and have employed it to demonstrate that a pro-form of OGN is processed to varying extents by all four mammalian BMP-1/Tolloid-like proteinases, to generate a 27-kDa species that corresponds to the major form of OGN found in cornea. Moreover, whereas wild-type mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) produce primarily the processed, mature form of OGN, MEFs homozygous null for genes encoding three of the four mammalian BMP-1/Tolloid-related proteinases produce only unprocessed pro-OGN. Thus, all detectable pro-OGN processing activity in MEFs is accounted for by products of these genes. We also demonstrate that both pro- and mature OGN can regulate type I collagen fibrillogenesis, and that processing of the prodomain by BMP-1 potentiates the ability of OGN to modulate the formation of collagen fibrils.
Toward Non-Invasive and Automatic Intravenous Infiltration Detection: Evaluation of Bioimpedance and Skin Strain in a Pig Model (2018)

Intravenous (IV) therapy is prevalent in hospital settings, where fluids are typically delivered with an IV into a peripheral vein of the patient. IV infiltration is the inadvertent delivery of fluids into the extravascular space rather than into the vein (and requires urgent treatment to avoid scarring and severe tissue damage), for which medical staff currently needs to check patients periodically. In this paper, the performance of two non-invasive sensing modalities, electrical bioimpedance (EBI), and skin strain sensing, for the automatic detection of IV infiltration was investigated in an animal model. Infiltrations were physically simulated on the hind limb of anesthetized pigs, where the sensors for EBI and skin strain sensing were co-located. The obtained data were used to examine the ability to distinguish between infusion into the vein and an infiltration event using bioresistance and bioreactance (derived from EBI), as well as skin strain. Skin strain and bioresistance sensing could achieve detection rates greater than 0.9 for infiltration fluid volumes of 2 and 10 mL, respectively, for a given false positive, i.e., false alarm rate of 0.05. Furthermore, the fusion of multiple sensing modalities could achieve a detection rate of 0.97 with a false alarm rate of 0.096 for 5mL fluid volume of infiltration. EBI and skin strain sensing can enable non-invasive and real-time IV infiltration detection systems. Fusion of multiple sensing modalities can help to detect expanded range of leaking fluid volumes. The provided performance results and comparisons in this paper are an important step towards clinical translation of sensing technologies for detecting IV infiltration.
The presence of avian adenoviruses and adeno-associated viruses in healthy chickens. (1976)

Avian adenoviruses were isolated from 56 of 106 fecal and rectal tissue samples taken from apparently healthy young chickens on 4 farms. Only one isolation was made from the 37 samples from 3- and 4-week-old chicks, while the isolation frequency was 64-100% in groups 5 weeks old and older. The 56 adenovirus isolates were classified into 6 serotypes. Vurses of 3 or 4 types were found on each farm. Avian adeno-associated virus CF antigens were found, using chicken embryos coinfected with an adenovirus helper, in 2 of the 38 adenovirus isolated studied.
Plagiarism detection using free-text fingerprint analysis (2015)

Plagiarism generally defined as using other people's ideas or work and representing it as one's own original work. Free-text plagiarism detection is an application based on analyzing the texts contained in researches, thesis, scientific reports and also literary products, these analyzed data will be used to compare a group of documents to find out how much these documents are similar. This paper proposes a Free Text Plagiarism Detection Software (FTPDS); which is a software tool that uses documents' fingerprints to detect the likelihood that the documents are plagiarized from each other. The system is able to detect plagiarism between two given documents, given document and group of local documents, and between given document and online available documents. Agile software methodology was used to develop the software and some open source libraries were manipulated and used to search the internet and read PDF documents respectively. The speed of the detection process, the inaccurate detection of the same file and the lag of online search and downloading are stated as future work aspects. Source in this paper means the suspected document which we want to detect the amount of plagiarized data contained in it. The target is the document which is probably the document where the author plagiarized the data from it and claimed that he\she owns that data.
Salivary Detection of HIV-1 Antibodies Using Recombinant HIV-1 Peptides (1991)

Salivary antibodies may play a role in the absence of HIV-1 transmission by saliva. We evaluated the presence of salivary IgG antibodies to HIV-1 using a recombinant ELISA. Whole saliva was collected from 21 HIV-1-seropositive individuals and assayed in an ELISA, ASQ (Beckman Instruments, Brea, CA), consisting of a panel of six HIV-1 recombinant peptides. Saliva samples from 20 individuals demonstrated IgG to one or more peptides and 18 to two or more peptides. Samples from 20 seropositive individuals were reactive with the gp41 peptide, whereas only 12 were reactive with the two gp120 peptides. Nineteen of twenty salivas also had detectable IgG antibodies to HIV-1 by Western blotting. The results indicate that viral-specific IgG antibodies are present in the saliva of a high percentage of HIV-infected individuals and that a recombinant peptide ELISA for saliva might be useful for the detection of HIV-1 infection.
Designing Polymeric Interphases for Stable Lithium Metal Deposition (2020)

Reactive metals are known to electrodeposit with irregular morphological features on planar substrates. A growing body of work suggest that multiple variables: composition, mechanics, structure, ion transport properties, reductive stability, and interfacial energy of interphases, formed either spontaneously or by design on the metal electrode play important but differentiated roles in regulating these morphologies. We examine the effect of fluorinated thermoset polymer coatings on Li deposition by means of experiment and theoretical linear stability analysis. By tuning the chemistry of the polymer backbone and side chains, we investigate how physical and mechanical properties of polymeric interphases influence Li electrodeposit morphology. It is found that an interplay between elasticity and diffusivity leads to an optimum interphase thickness and that higher interfacial energy augments elastic stresses at a metal electrode to prevent out-of-plane deposition. These findings are explained using linear stability analysis of electrodeposition and provide guidelines for designing polymer interphases to stabilize metal anodes in rechargeable batteries.
THE AFFECTED SIB METHOD. I. STATISTICAL FEATURES OF THE AFFECTED SIB-PAIR METHOD (1985)

The distribution of the number of HLA haplotypes shared by sibs affected with the same HLA-linked disease can be used to obtain information on the genetics of the disease. Since the inception of the use of sib-pair methods for the analysis of the HLA-associated diseases, the question has been raised of how to include families with more than two affected sibs in the sib-pair analysis. This paper presents appropriate weighting schemes. A procedure for estimating the frequency of the disease allele in the general population, under the assumptions of single-allele recessive, additive, dominant and intermediate models, with negligible recombination (theta = 0) between the disease-predisposing gene and the HLA region, and no selective disadvantage of the trait, is also given. Cluster-sampling techniques are used in the analysis.
The xanthine derivative KMUP‐1 inhibits models of pulmonary artery hypertension via increased NO and cGMP‐dependent inhibition of RhoA/Rho kinase (2010)

KMUP-1 decreased PAH by enhancing NO synthesis by eNOS, with consequent cGMP-dependent inhibition of RhoA/ROCK II and Ca(2+) desensitization in PASMCs. KMUP-1 has the potential to reduce vascular resistance, remodelling and RVH in PAH.
A wearable walking monitoring system for gait analysis (2012)

In this paper, both hardware and software design to develop a wearable walking monitoring system for gait analysis are presented. For hardware, the mechanism proposed is adaptive to different individuals to wear, and the portability of the design makes it easy to perform outdoor experiments. Four force sensors and two angle displacement sensors were used to measure plantar force distribution and the angles of hip and knee joints. For software design, a novel algorithm was developed to detect different gait phases and the four gait periods during the stance phase. Furthermore, the center of ground contact force was calculated based on the relationships of the force sensors. The results were compared with the VICON motion capture system and a force plate for validation. Experiments showed the behavior of the joint angles are similar to VICON system, and the average error in foot strike time is less than 90 ms.
Transplantation in utero of Fetal Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells into Mice Results in Hematopoietic Chimerism (1994)

Allogeneic and xenogeneic hematolymphoid chimerism has been achieved in large and small animals using varied techniques to circumvent immune mediated graft rejection by the recipient. We show here the establishment of long-term chimerism in normal mice transplanted in utero with human fetal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). HSCs from fetal (13-20 weeks' gestation) human livers were injected into fetal mouse peritoneal cavities on days 11-13 of gestation. Histologic examination demonstrated human chimerism in 29% of 38 live born mice using fluorescein conjugated antibodies to both the CD45 and CD14 antigens present on human peripheral blood (PB) cells. Further investigation using flow cytometric analysis of cells from 70 mice transplanted in utero revealed 28% of mice greater than 16 weeks of age contained human cells in at least one organ at the following frequencies: 14% PB, 8% bone marrow, 8% spleen and 12% thymus. These data indicate that human fetal HSC can be engrafted into mouse fetuses. Additionally, the identification of circulating human cells 18 months following transplantation supports the engraftment and proliferation of a primitive hematopoietic progenitor.
Methods in microbiology. Volume 19 (1987)

This book provides a review of currently employed methods for the classification and identification of microorganisms. It begins by describing classical methods and moves on to discuss the most sophisticated of molecular and phylogenetic approaches, including ribosomal RNA sequencing. CONTENTS: B. Lanyi, classical and rapid identification methods for medically important bacteria; tests appropriate for numerical taxonomy studies; S. Bascomb, enzyme tests in bacterial identification. K. Komagata and K. Suzuki, lipid and cell wall analysis in bacterial systematics, protein profiles; prolysis applied to microbial systematics; labelled antibody methods for detection and identification of microorganisms; identification of microorganisms by rapid DNA/DNA hydbridization; isolation and purification of RNAs suitable for sequence analysis; the application of 16S rRNA cataloguing and 5S rRNA sequencing in bacterial systematics; computer programs for classification and identification and index.
Research on drug resistance mechanism of trastuzumab caused by the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway (2013)

Akt protein phosphorylation of trastuzumab drug-resistance cells is activated; LY294002, a PI3K/Akt inhibitor, can obviously inhibit Akt protein phosphorylation of trastuzumab drug-resistance cells and there is a clear association between the PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathway and trastuzumab resistance.
A study on internal temperature monitoring system for power transformer using pptical fiber Bragg grating sensors (2008)

A precise information on spatial distributions of temperature are important for diagnosing power transformers and evaluating its life because a power system failure will result in an enormous loss in tangible as well as social.
A new light readout system for the LXeGRIT time projection chamber (2003)

LXeGRIT is a liquid xenon time projection chamber (LXeTPC) used as balloon-borne Compton telescope for imaging cosmic sources in the MeV energy band. The three-dimensional position sensitive charge readout is triggered by the xenon scintillation light. In the original chamber design, the light is detected by four UV sensitive, 2'' PMT's (EMI 9813), coupled to the liquid xenon vessel by quartz windows. In order to improve the trigger efficiency and uniformity, a new light readout system has been studied. It consists of 12 UV sensitive, compact 2'' PMT's (Hamamatsu R6041Q), mounted in Teflon frames which cover the four sides of the LXeTPC active volume. These all-metal PMT's were especially developed to work at liquid xenon temperature and up to 3.5 atm overpressure. Light simulations promise an increase in light collection efficiency by more than a factor of ten for the new readout. We present simulations of the light collection efficiency and initial results from the successful operation of the new PMT fully immersed in liquid xenon.
Model-Based Troubleshooting of Digital Systems (1988)

A central problem in building intelligent apprentices for engineering applications is the need to construct and manipulate behavior models for complex systems. Digital systems are an example of a class of such complex systems, and troubleshooting is a task that can exercise and demonstrate a program's understanding of the system as embodied in its internal model of that system. This dissertation describes a methodology, a representation, and an implemented program for troubleshooting digital circuit boards at roughly the level of expertise one might expect in a human novice. Existing methods for model-based troubleshooting have not scaled up to deal with complex circuits, in part because traditional circuit models do not explicitly represent aspects of the device that troubleshooters would consider important. The model of the target device should be constructed with the goal of troubleshooting explicitly in mind. Given that methodology, the principal contributions of the dissertation are ways of representing complex circuits to help make troubleshooting feasible. Temporally coarse behavior descriptions are a particularly powerful simplification. Instantiating this idea for the circuit domain produces a vocabulary for describing digital signals. The vocabulary has a level of temporal detail sufficient to make useful predictions about the response of the circuit while it remains coarse enough to make those predictions computationally tractable. Other contributions are principles for using these representations. Although not embodied in a program, these principles are sufficiently concrete that models can be constructed manually from existing circuit descriptions such as schematics, part specifications, and state diagrams. One such principle is that if there are components with particularly likely failure modes or failure modes in which their behavior is drastically simplified, this knowledge should be incorporated into the model. The instantiation of this principle is the characterization of functional roles implementations of those functions that produce these phenomena, the incorporation of that knowledge into the model-based troubleshooting paradigm, and the exhibition of focusing power that it provides even when the fault at hand does not fall into one of the categories explicitly represented. Further contributions include the solution of technical problems resulting from the use of explicit temporal representations and design descriptions with tangled hierarchies.
Knowledge‐Based Modeling of Material Behavior with Neural Networks (1991)

To date, material modeling has involved the development of mathematical models of material behavior derived from human observation of, and reasoning with, experimental data. An alternative, discussed in this paper, is to use a computation and knowledge representation paradigm, called neural networks, developed by researchers in connectionism (a subfield of artificial intelligence) to model material behavior. The main benefits in using a neural‐network approach are that all behavior can be represented within a unified environment of a neural network and that the network is built directly from experimental data using the self‐organizing capabilities of the neural network, i.e., the network is presented with the experimental data and “learns” the relationships between stresses and strains. Such a modeling strategy has important implications for modeling the behavior of modern, complex materials, such as composites. In this paper, the behaviors of concrete in the state of plane stress under monotonic biaxial loading and compressive uniaxial cycle loading are modeled with a back‐propagation neural network. The preliminary results of using neural networks to model materials look very promising.
Transitions, Transformations and the Role of Elites (2010)

The vast majority of social scientists have failed to predict the breakdown of European communism in 1989 and the same mischief occurred to most of the economists with regard to the international crisis of capitalism in 2009. The contribution argues that this failure was due to 'linear thinking' of the observers involved and not to an inherent unpredictability of the phenomena in question. It is further suggested that we see here a fallacy of path-theory which ignores systematically the possibility of a trade-off between decreasing transaction costs of an established path and increasing opportunity costs of following the same path. Elites are the demiurges of change if the existing order threatens their status and they are the promoters of stability if a new order which is in their interest has been established.
Cache-Conscious Index Structures for Main-Memory Databases (2004)

access method, cache consciousness, data locality, data structure, main-memory database The recent hardware evolution has widened the speed gap between main memory and the processor. As a consequence, in many cases memory access has become the main bottle-neck even in disk-based databases. The performance of indices is especially inuenced by cache misses; therefore new cache-conscious indices have been proposed. This the-sis surveys general methods for enhancing data locality of data structures and how those methods can be applied to database indices. The Cache-Conscious B-tree (CSB -tree) is revisited and formally dened. The worst-case space utilization of the CSB-tree is 25%. Improving the space utilization is one of the main contributions of this thesis. A new, remarkably less-memory-consuming variant of the CSB-tree called the Search-Intensive B-tree (SIB -tree) is presented. The most important cache-conscious index structures are also reviewed and a new, memory saving insertion algorithm is presented. Several methods improving the cache-consciousness of data structures are tested in isolation and as a part of the SIB-tree implementation. The search performance of the SIB-tree is compared with that of the B-tree and the compressed trie. The results show that hard-ware evolution may be disasterous to data structures with poor data locality such as tries. The cache-conscious search-tree implementation shows the best search performance in all tests.
Implementation of A Monitoring System using Image Data and Environment Data (2009)

The objective of this study is to design a system that automatically monitors the state of interior spaces like offices where lots of people are coming and going through image data and environment data, which includes temperature, humidity, and other conditions, and implement and test related application programs. In practice, there are lots of image data automatically obtained by unmanned equipments, such as certain types of CCTVs, for monitoring situation in usual interior spaces. This image data can be used as a more effective manner by establishing a system that recognizes situation in specific interior spaces based on the relationship between image and environment data. For instance, it is possible to perform unmanned on/off controls for various electronic equipments, such as air conditioners, lights, and other devices, through analyzing the data acquisited from environment sensors (temperature, humidity, and illumination) as dynamic states are not maintained for a specified period of time. For implementing these controls, this study analyzes environment data acquisited from temperature and humidity sensors and image data input from wireless cameras to recognize situation and that can be used to automatically control environment variables configured by users. Experiments were applied in a laboratory where unmanned controls were effectively performed as automatic on/off controls for the air conditioner and lights installed in the laboratory as certain motions were detected or undetected for a specified period of time.