gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Saccharibacter floricola gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel osmophilic acetic acid bacterium isolated from pollen (2004)

Three Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterial strains were isolated, from the pollen of Japanese flowers, as producers of xylitol; these strains were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that these three isolates formed a new cluster within a group of acetic acid bacteria in the alpha-Proteobacteria. The characteristics of the three isolates were as follows: (i) their predominant quinone was Q-10; (ii) their cellular fatty acid profile contained major amounts of 2-hydroxy acids and an unsaturated straight-chain acid (C(18 : 1)omega7c); and (iii) their DNA G+C contents were in the range 51.9-52.3 mol%, which is around the lower limit of the reported range for the genera of acetic acid bacteria. The negligible or very weak productivity of acetic acid from ethanol and the osmophilic growth properties distinguished these strains from other acetic acid bacteria. The unique phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics suggest that the three isolates should be classified within a novel genus and species with the proposed name Saccharibacter floricola gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is strain S-877(T) (=AJ 13480(T)=JCM 12116(T)=DSM 15669(T)).
Destruction of pollutants in water with ozone in combination with ultraviolet radiation. 1. General principles and oxidation of tetrachloroethylene (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDestruction of pollutants in water with ozone in combination with ultraviolet radiation. 1. General principles and oxidation of tetrachloroethyleneGary R. Peyton, Francis Y. Huang, Jimmie L. Burleson, and William H. GlazeCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1982, 16, 8, 448–453Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00102a004https://doi.org/10.1021/es00102a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views482Altmetric-Citations123LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Threats to privacy and public keys for protection (2002)

Public-key cryptography is discussed with respect to the rights of individuals to electronic privacy. The RSA Public-Key Cryptosystem is described, and digital signatures and certificates are discussed. Applications of public-key cryptography are reviewed, and standards and future prospects in this field are considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Nomenclature of Synthetic Rubbers (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNomenclature of Synthetic RubbersHarry L. FisherCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1939, 31, 8, 941–945Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1939https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50356a005Request reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (636 KB) Get e-Alerts
Minireview: 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1— A Tissue-Specific Amplifier of Glucocorticoid Action<sup>1</sup> (2001)

11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11beta-HSDs) catalyze the interconversion of active glucocorticoids (cortisol, corticosterone) and inert 11-keto forms (cortisone, 11-dehydrocorticosterone). 11beta-HSD type 2 has a well recognized function as a potent dehydrogenase that rapidly inactivates glucocorticoids, thus allowing aldosterone selective access to otherwise nonselective mineralocorticoid receptors in the distal nephron. In contrast, the function of 11beta-HSD type 1 has, until recently, been little understood. 11beta-HSD1 is an ostensibly reversible oxidoreductase in vitro, which is expressed in liver, adipose tissue, brain, lung, and other glucocorticoid target tissues. However, increasing data suggest that 11beta-HSD1 acts as a predominant 11beta-reductase in many intact cells, whole organs, and in vivo. This reaction direction locally regenerates active glucocorticoids within expressing cells, exploiting the substantial circulating levels of inert 11-keto steroids. While the biochemical determinants of the reaction direction are not fully understood, insights to its biological importance have been afforded by use of inhibitors in vivo, including in humans, and the generation of knockout mice. Such studies suggest 11beta-HSD1 effectively amplifies glucocorticoid action at least in the liver, adipose tissue, and the brain. Inhibition of 11beta-HSD1 represents a potential target for therapy of disorders that might be ameliorated by local reduction of glucocorticoid action, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, and age-related cognitive dysfunction.
Hybrid Position/Force Control of the Direct-Drive Robot Using Learning Controller (2000)

The automatization by industrial robot of today is merely rely on to the simple position repeating works, but requirements of research and development to the force control which would adapt positively to various restriction or contacting works to environment. In this paper, a learning control algorithm using, neural networks is proposed for the position and force control by a direct-drive robot. The proposed controller is the feedback controller to which the learning function of neural network is added on to and has a character of improving controller's efficiency by learning. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by the experiment on the hybrid position and force control of a parallelogram link robot with a force sensor
Auto-anti-idiotypic approach to adenosine receptors (1986)

If an antibody (Abl) binds to and recognizes the same epitopes on a ligand that are recognized by a receptor, then among anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab2) to Ab1, there may be some that have combining sites that mimic the ligand (internal image). In the case of the acetylcholine receptor and the glucocorticoid receptor these Ab2 antibodies could be raised through a naturally occurring idiotypic network by immunizing mice with the ligands of the receptors. To test the generality of this procedure and to raise antibodies to adenosine receptors, BALB/c mice were immunized with adenosine 6-aminocaproyl-BSA. Hyberidoma cell lines were raised. Cell lines which secreted antibodies that bound to rabbit anti-adenosine antibody were obtained. Two such mAbs, AA18 and AA21, inhibited the binding of (/sup 3/H)adenosine to rabbit anti-adenosine antibody. Furthermore, they bound to rat cerebral cortical membrane and binding could be inhibited by L-phenylisopropyladenosine (L-PIA), an adenosine receptor agonist. Rat cerebral membrane proteins were solubilized with 1% cholic acid, and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Both AA18 and AA21 recognized a 62 kD band under non-reducing conditions, and 52 kD and 36 kD bands under reducing conditions. The 36 kD band is consistent with the A1 adenosine receptor binding subunitmore » reported by Stiles, et al. The authors results extend the utility of the autoimmune approach for raising antibody to receptors without the necessity of using isolated receptor as immunogen.« less
Influence of chromosomal determinants on development of androgenetic and parthenogenetic cells (1988)

Abstract We have examined the role of germline-specific chromosomal determinants of development in the mouse. Studies were carried out using aggregation chimaeras between androgenetic ↔ fertilized embryos and compared with similar parthenogenetic ↔ fertilized chimaeras. Several adult chimaeras were found with parthenogenetic cells but none were found with androgenetic cells. Analysis of chimaeras at mid-gestation showed that parthenogenetic cells were detected in the embryo and yolk sac but that androgenetic cells were found only in the trophoblast and yolk sac and not in the embryo. The contribution of parthenogenetic cells to the embryo and yolk sac was increased by aggregating 2-cell parthenogenetic and 4-cell fertilized embryos but the contribution of parthenogenetic cells in extraembryonic tissues remained negligible even after aggregation of 4-cell parthenogenetic and 2-cell fertilized embryos. Furthermore, parthenogenetic cells were primarily found in the yolk sac mesoderm and not in the yolk sac endoderm. These results suggest that maternal chromosomes in parthenogenetic cells permit their participation in the primitive ectoderm lineage but these cells are presumably eliminated by selective pressure or autonomous cell lethality from the primitive endoderm and troph-ectoderm lineages. Conversely paternal chromosomes in androgenetic cells confer opposite properties since the embryonic cells can be detected in the trophoblast and the yolk sac but not in the embryos, presumably because they are eliminated from the primitive ectoderm lineage. The spatial distribution of cells with different parental chromosomes may occur partly because of differential expression of some genes, such as proto-oncogenes, and partly due to their ability to respond to a variety of diffusible growth factors.
Factors limiting the operation frequency of magnetic refrigerators (2007)

Simple calculations lead to a conclusion that there is an upper bound to the frequency at which magnetic refrigerators can operate, fmax∼2×102Hz. The principal factor limiting the operation frequency is a trade-off between thermal conductivity and viscous friction. The main events take place inside the magnetocaloric bed—the fundamental unit of any magnetic refrigerator—largely independently from the rest of the apparatus.
A high-resolution MACROscope with differential phase contrast, transmitted light, confocal fluorescence, and hyperspectral capabilities for large-area tissue imaging (2005)

Recent advances in imaging technology have contributed greatly to biological science. Confocal fluorescence microscopes can acquire two-dimensional and three-dimensional images of biological samples such as live or fixed cells and tissues. Specimens that are large (e.g., a 10 mm/spl times/10 mm tissue section) and overfill the field of view (FOV) of typical microscope objectives require the use of image tiling to cover the entire specimen. This can be time consuming and cause artifacts in the composite image. The MACROscope system (Biomedical Photometrics Inc., Waterloo, ON, Canada) is a confocal device with a 22 mm/spl times/70 mm FOV designed for imaging large tissue sections in a single frame. The prototype demonstrated here can obtain images in reflected, transmitted, fluorescence, phase contrast, and hyperspectral modes. The new spectral imaging mode is characterized with a series of test targets, and sampled spectra are compared to a commercial spectrometer. Fluorescence images of human SiHa tumor xenografts stained with CD31-Cy3, showing blood vessel location, and EF5-Cy5, showing areas of tissue hypoxia, were collected. Differential phase contrast images of the same section, as well as human epithelial cells, were recorded to assess the phase contrast mode. Additionally, fluorescence images of Cytokeratin-Cy3 stained squamous cell carcinoma tissue sections were captured. Finally, red, green, blue transmitted light images of human tongue were obtained. This new device avoids the need for image tiling and provides simultaneous imaging of multiple fluorescently labeled tissue-specific markers in large biological samples. This enables time- and cost-efficient imaging of (immuno)histopathological samples. This device may also serve in the imaging of high-throughput DNA and tissue arrays.
Isolation and characterization of a monoclonal antibody-resistant antigenic mutant of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>. (1982)

Several monoclonal antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii were parasiticidal in the presence of normal human serum as measured by reduction in plaque titer or in assays that detected lysis. One monoclonal antibody, G, was used to select a resistant mutant from a large population of chemically mutagenized wild-type parasites. This mutant retained the wild-type sensitivity to other monoclonal antibodies and to polyclonal antisera. A comparison of surface radioiodinated wild-type and mutant parasites by using one and two-dimensional electrophoresis showed that the mutant lacked a protein (or proteins) of approximate m.w. 22,000. An immunoprecipitation procedure using monoclonal antibody G yielded a protein(s) of this m.w. from surface radioiodinated wild-type T. gondii but not from surface radioiodinated mutant parasites.
A backbone-search heuristic for efficient solving of hard 3-SAT formulae (2001)

Of late, new insight into the study of random k-SAT formulae has been gained from the introduction of a concept inspired by models of physics, the `backbone &apos; of a SAT formula which corresponds to the variables having a fixed truth value in all assignments satisfying the maximum number of clauses.
The obese growth hormone (GH)-deficient dwarf rat: body fat responses to patterned delivery of GH and insulin-like growth factor-I. (1996)

We describe a new animal model of obesity and GH deficiency and report the effects on body fat of administering (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) in the model. Female GH-deficient dwarf rats fed a high-fat diet became obese and insulin-resistant compared with chow-fed controls. They were treated with recombinant human GH (rhGH 100-500 micrograms/day, s.c. for 14 days) by daily injection or minipump infusion with or without rhIGF-I (200 micrograms/day, sc infusion). Injections of rhGH increased body weight; infusions of rhGH caused weight loss. RhIGF-I by itself, or rhIGF-I plus GH injections had little effect, whereas rhGH infusions plus rhIGF-I caused a weight loss equivalent to the weight gained during the high-fat feeding and a decrease in fat pad weight. For some responses (serum IGF-1 and GHBP), the obese rats were GH resistant. Fat was lost from the internal fat pads when obese rats were returned to a chow diet, and injections of rhGH surprisingly attenuated this loss of fat. In obese dwarf rats, the lipolytic effects of rhGH are dose-regime dependent. By itself IGF-I is not insulin-like, but in the presence of GH it has antiinsulin actions causing a powerful net lipolysis. If GH plus IGF-I have similar effects in humans they may be useful for reducing body fat.
Science Starts Early (2011)

Infants and children grasp surprisingly sophisticated correlational and causal patterns.
Anomalous Cerebral Structure in Dyslexia Revealed With Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1993)

Quantitative assessment of high-resolution magnetic resonance images can reveal functionally relevant variations and anomalies in cerebral structure. Further refinement of these measurement techniques should improve the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of language disorders and other learning disabilities.
An O-band Polarization Splitter-Rotator in a CMOS-Integrated Silicon Photonics Platform (2016)

We demonstrate an adiabatic polarization splitter-rotator fabricated in a production CMOS-integrated Si photonic process. The measured insertion loss is ≤ 1.0dB and the polarization extinction is better than 27dB over the 60nm bandwidth measured.
Assessment of solid sorbents as a competitive post-combustion CO2 capture technology (2013)

Solid sorbents are believed to be a promising early-stage technology for achieving more cost-effective capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) from large point sources, especially coal-fired power plants. To better assess the potential advantages of solid sorbents for post-combustion CO2 capture, this paper presents preliminary results of an analysis of two representative sorbents in an integrated model for estimating plant-level performance and costs for a new, supercritical pulverized coal (PC) power plant. A probabilistic comparison is then made between two solid sorbents and a commercial amine-based liquid solvent system. Our results show that for a 90% CO2 removal efficiency, the solid sorbent provides an expected net plant efficiency of 32% (higher heating value basis) for a metal-organic framework solid and 29% efficiency for a solid amine-based sorbent, versus 28% net efficiency with a liquid amine- based system using the same reference plant assumptions. Cost estimates for solid sorbent systems, however, remain highly uncertain at this time, mainly because of large uncertainties in capital cost estimates.
University of Minnesota Duluth: A Construction History, 1947-1985 (1985)

This document is an attempt to preserve, in an accessible form, relevant data concerning the planning, funding, construction, and use of each of the buildings on the new UMD Campus.
Interferon enhances the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. (1981)

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from healthy volunteers were tested for ADCC activity against both erythrocyte and tumor targets with and without the addition of human leukocyte interferon (IFN). It was demonstrated that IFN within 30 to 60 min enhanced the reaction in a dose-dependent manner with minimal IFN doses ranging from 1 to 100 units. Formal proof that the augmenting agent was IFN was obtained by using pure IFN proteins in combination with both mock-IFN preparations, which showed no enhancing activity, and anti-IFN antisera, which inhibited the action of the completely purified IFN proteins. In the light of data demonstrating that the IFN effect was most pronounced when the IgG antibodies in the ADCC reaction were present in suboptimal amounts, it is hypothesized that IFN may play a special role in the early nonspecific immune response against non-self antigens.
Solid Fuel Gasification for Gas Turbines (1997)

Gas turbines (GT) have emerged as the most efficient means of transforming heat into mechanical work and with efficient generators are serving as major components of new electricity generation systems. The CCTL research and development efforts are directed towards developing a low cost solid fuel (SF) cogasifier fed by low cost local feedstocks to be coupled with smaller GT systems. The benefits of such systems can be enhanced if valuable by-products are produced or additional community purposes are served. We consider cogasification of biomass with other domestic fuels as a long term strategy for effective utilization of biomass. Our theoretical and experimental work indicate that blending oxygenated fuels such as biomass, MSW, RDF and dried sewage sludge with carbonaceous fuels such as coals, coke and chars in a small cogeneration system will have technological, economic and environmental advantages.
Study of Pro-insulin Level and Its Role in a Cohort of Women with Gestational Diabetes in Alexandria, Egypt (2011)

To study the levels of serum pro-insulin or pro-insulin/insulin ratio (PIR) in women suffering from gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), as an additional factor to their insulin resistance state during pregnancy; and to evaluate any change or reversibility of serum pro-insulin or PIR during the postpartum period. The study was conducted on 30 pregnant women in their second or third trimester and 10 age-matched non pregnant , normoglycemic women , as a reference group. The pregnant women were divided into 3 equal groups; normoglycemic women with normal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), obese women with GDM and lean women with GDM. Diagnostic OGTT was performed and pro-insulin levels, insulin levels, C-peptide levels, pro-insulin/insulin ratio (PIR) and insulin sensitivity were determined . These tests were repeated after 4-8 weeks of the postpartum period. Serum levels of pro-insulin and the PIR were significantly higher in obese and lean women with GDM than the control and reference groups during pregnancy and after delivery (p=0.0001). Insulin sensitivity index was significantly lower and relative resistance for insulin was significantly higher in GDM women (p<0.0001). After delivery the sensitivity index was significantly higher than during pregnancy in pregnant women, recruited in the study. C-peptide levels were significantly higher in GDM patients versus control and reference groups during pregnancy. After delivery, C-peptide levels were significantly lower in the 3 pregnant groups (p<0.0001). Women with GDM have elevated serum pro-insulin and increased PIR which might serve as a marker for the disease. Moreover, this characteristic profile might be useful for the prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Liquefaction of Corn Stover and Preparation of Polyester From the Liquefied Polyol (2007)

This research investigated a novel process to prepare polyester from corn stover through liquefaction and crosslinking processes. First, corn stover was liquefied in organic solvents (90 wt% ethylene glycol and 10 wt% ethylene carbonate) with catalysts at moderate temperature under atmospheric pressure. The effect of liquefaction temperature, biomass content, and type of catalyst, such as H2SO4, HCl, H3PO4, and ZnCl2, was evaluated. Higher liquefaction yield was achieved in 2 wt% sulfuric acid, 1/4 (w/w) stover to liquefying reagent ratio; 160°C temperature, in 2 h. The liquefied corn stover was rich in polyols, which can be directly used as feedstock for making polymers without further separation or purification. Second, polyester was made from the liquefied corn stover by crosslinking with multifunctional carboxylic acids and/or cyclic acid anhydrides. The tensile strength of polyester is about 5 MPa and the elongation is around 35%. The polyester is stable in cold water and organic solvents and readily biodegradable as indicated by 82% weight loss when buried in damp soil for 10 mo. The results indicate that this novel polyester could be used for the biodegradable garden mulch film production.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Synthesis, Conformational Analysis, and Transformation of [60]Fullerene—o‐quinodimethane Adducts Bearing a Hydroxy Group. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.