gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analogs of Phenothiazines. I. 5H-Dibenz[b,f]azepine and Derivatives. A New Isostere of Phenothiazine<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalogs of Phenothiazines. I. 5H-Dibenz[b,f]azepine and Derivatives. A New Isostere of Phenothiazine1PAUL N. CRAIG, BRUCE M. LESTER, ANDREW J. SAGGIOMO, CARL KAISER, and CHARLES L. ZIRKLECite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 1, 135–138Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01060a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01060a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views561Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Lipid Phosphate Phosphatase-1 and Ca2+ Control Lysophosphatidate Signaling through EDG-2 Receptors (2000)

The serum-derived phospholipid growth factor, lysophosphatidate (LPA), activates cells through the EDG family of G protein-coupled receptors. The present study investigated mechanisms by which dephosphorylation of exogenous LPA by lipid phosphate phosphatase-1 (LPP-1) controls cell signaling. Overexpressing LPP-1 decreased the net specific cell association of LPA with Rat2 fibroblasts by approximately 50% at 37 degrees C when less than 10% of LPA was dephosphorylated. This attenuated cell activation as indicated by diminished responses, including cAMP, Ca(2+), activation of phospholipase D and ERK, DNA synthesis, and cell division. Conversely, decreasing LPP-1 expression increased net LPA association, ERK stimulation, and DNA synthesis. Whereas changing LPP-1 expression did not alter the apparent K(d) and B(max) for LPA binding at 4 degrees C, increasing Ca(2+) from 0 to 50 micrometer increased the K(d) from 40 to 900 nm. Decreasing extracellular Ca(2+) from 1.8 mm to 10 micrometer increased LPA binding by 20-fold, shifting the threshold for ERK activation to the nanomolar range. Hence the Ca(2+) dependence of the apparent K(d) values explains the long-standing discrepancy of why micromolar LPA is often needed to activate cells at physiological Ca(2+) levels. In addition, the work demonstrates that LPP-1 can regulate specific LPA association with cells without significantly depleting bulk LPA concentrations in the extracellular medium. This identifies a novel mechanism for controlling EDG-2 receptor activation.
MANNITOL AS AN INDISPENSABLE CONSTITUENT OF AN INTRAOPERATIVE HYDRATION PROTOCOL FOR THE PREVENTION OF ACUTE RENAL FAILURE AFTER RENAL CADAVERIC TRANSPLANTATION (1987)

With its incidence of about 40%, acute renal failure (ARF) is a major problem after cadaveric renal transplantation. We have previously shown that, with moderate hydration (2.5 L) of the recipient, together with rapid infusion of 250 ml of mannitol 20% just before clamp removal, the incidence of ARF decreased to below 10%. Administration of mannitol without hydration was not effective. In a prospective randomized trial we have now investigated whether hydration without mannitol is sufficient to prevent ARF. For this purpose patients were randomly allocated to treatment with moderate hydration with or without mannitol. Furthermore, in both treatment groups recipients were randomized to treatment with cyclosporine or azathioprine. The allocation method used guaranteed an even distribution for 10 important prognostic factors. In the cyclosporine group, the percentage of ARF was significantly lower in mannitol-treated (n = 32) than in glucose-treated patients (n = 32) (19% vs. 54%, P less than 0.01). In the azathioprine group the percentage of ARF was also lower in mannitol-treated (n = 33) than in glucose-treated patients (n = 34) (18% vs. 44%, P less than 0.05). Overall incidence of ARF in both groups was significantly lower in mannitol-treated patients (P less than 0.001). Thus, moderate hydration and administration of 250 ml mannitol 20% just before arterial clamp removal are both indispensable for optimal prevention of ARF after cadaveric renal transplantation.
Abstract 257: Apabetalone (RVX-208) Reduces Pathologic Cell-Cell Adhesion and Expression of Key Vascular Inflammation Markers in Monocytes, Endothelial Cells and Mouse Aorta (2018)

Apabetalone (RVX-208) is a bromodomain & extraterminal (BET) protein inhibitor, an epigenetic modifier of gene expression, currently in a phase 3 major adverse cardiac events outcomes trial in post-acute coronary syndrome patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (BETonMACE). CVD patients enrolled in phase 2b trials (ASSERT, SUSTAIN and ASSURE) demonstrated a 44% relative risk reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVD) events (Nicholls et al. 2017). In CVD and DM, elevated circulating cytokines potentiate vascular inflammation (VI) through recruitment of leukocytes to the vascular endothelium, which contributes to atherosclerosis and plaque rupture. Previous studies demonstrated that apabetalone has potent anti-inflammatory effects on human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) and macrophage-like U937 cells. Here we show that TNFα stimulation induced significant adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to inflamed endothelial cells, an outcome reversed by apabetalone treatment under both static (human umbilical vein endothelial cells - HUVEC) and flow (HAEC) conditions. Mechanistically, apabetalone suppressed the TNFα and IL-1β-induced expression of mRNAs of multiple endothelial cell adhesion molecules (CD44, E-selectin, VCAM-1 and MCP-1) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and CSF2). Monocytes also respond to TNFα stimulation with an upregulation of inflammatory and adhesion marker expression. In THP-1 cells, apabetalone treatment significantly reduced mRNA expression of CCR1, CCR2, IL-1β, MCP-1, MYD88, TLR4, TNFα, and VLA-4. In the diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model that mimics metabolic syndrome, treatment with apabetalone, administered at 150 mg/kg BID for the last 16 weeks of a 22 week study, downregulated aortic adhesion markers (E-selectin and ICAM) and markers of infiltrating immune cells (CCR2 and CD11b). In summary, treatment with apabetalone causes transcriptional changes in monocytes and endothelial cells that translate into a reduction in adhesion under inflammatory conditions. We hypothesize that downregulation of VI by apabetalone may contribute to the reduction in CVD events observed in phase 2 studies. This hypothesis is currently being tested in the ongoing BETonMACE phase 3 trial.
Task Force 62 Medical Brigade combat healthcare support system in the mature Iraq theater of operations. (2010)

Leading a deployed combat healthcare system is a very complex task and requires a command and control structure that is a unique blend of technical and tactical expertise to efficaciously deliver world-class medical care to America's sons and daughters. The medical task force in Iraq has successfully managed the transformation of the medical footprint from a tactically arrayed set of disparate medical units to a nascent integrated healthcare system with many features similar to the best healthcare systems in the United States. The American public demands, and Soldiers, Marines, Sailors, Airmen, and Coast Guardsmen deserve US quality medical care, whether they are being treated at a military medical center in the US, or a US medical facility in Iraq. This article presents an overview of the 62nd Medical Brigade's development of the combat healthcare support system during its tenure leading the US medical task force in Iraq.
IP QOS: traveling in first class on the Internet (1999)

The concept of quality of service-that is, the network capability to provide a nondefault service to a subset of the aggregate traffic-has now entered the IP lexicon. The author surveys the history of this development from the Internet's original passenger-class-only, best-effort protocol suite. He concludes with a review of the current Internet Engineering Task Force's efforts in the Differentiated Services (DiffServ) working group.
Thiazolidine Prodrugs of Cysteamine and Cysteine as Radioprotective Agents (1995)

The need for protection against the toxic effects of ionizing radiation comes from many different directions: occupational exposure, nuclear accidents, environmental sources and protection of normal tissue during the therapeutic irradiation of cancer. Sulfhydryl-containing compounds, including cysteamine and L-cysteine, have long been known to possess radioprotective properties, but their therapeutic utility is limited by their side effects at radioprotective doses. To avoid this drawback, thiazolidine prodrugs of cysteamine and L-cysteine were prepared by the condensation of each thioalmine with the aldose monosaccharides, D-ribose and D-glucose, producing RibCyst, GlcCyst, RibCys and GlcCys. The prodrugs were designed to liberate the parent thiolamine nonenzymatically, after ring opening and hydrolysis, which is then available to function as a radioprotective agent. Cysteamine's inherent toxicity, measured using Chinese hamster V79 cells growing in culture, was completely eliminated, even at concentrations as high as 25 mM, by providing the thiolamine in the form of a prodrug. Good protection against radiation-induced lethality was demonstrated by the cysteamine prodrugs using a clonogenic assay. Protection against radiation-induced DNA single-strand breaks, as measured by alkaline elution, was also shown by both RibCyst and GlcCyst; this activity was higher than that exhibited by either cysteamine or WR-1065. The L-cysteine prodrugs, RibCys and GlcCys, also possessed radioprotective abilities under most of the conditions studied. Protection against DNA damage was comparable between L-cysteine, WR-1065 and RibCys.
A programmable bandpass filter and tone generator using bucket-brigade delay lines (1974)

Bucket-brigade devices have been used to build a new type of active filter that is equivalent to a second-order digital filter without the need for complex analog-to-digital conversion. The x It) filter response characteristics, i.e., center frequency and bandwidth, + I depend on the circuit parameters of gain and clock frequency, both e2(t- U of which may be electronically controlled. + By using a variable clock signal, 1023 frequencies can be ac- I e0%, curately selected by the proper setting of ten switches. The selected clock frequency uniquely determines the center frequency of the bucket-brigade filter. The programmable feature of the clock circuit, DELAND therefore, allows the convenient selection of the center frequency u It-T,) of the bandpass filter. A slight modification to the programmable bandpass filter converts it into a programmable oscillator. Thus, any one of 1023 tones can be generated by the proper setting of the switches. A device that ex- D hibits both filter and oscillator functions has been demonstrated in the laboratory.
Effect of temperature and glucose concentration on a glass-based sensor for long-term stability investigation (2011)

We evaluate the sensor sensibility by immersing the sensor in phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.0 and measuring the background noise using a glass substrate for long-term monitoring. We propose a design of asymmetric planar electrodes for long-term monitoring in the phosphate buffer solution at 37°C. The background signals have been observed in cyclic voltammetric measurements, and the surface morphologies of platinum sensors were investigated by the scanning electron microscopy for the long-term experiment. With the same conditions, background oxidize current graphs were obtained over the range from 1.28 to 2.14 μA for the first 18 days. The sensor is intended for use in controlling of blood sugar and tissue sugar in diabetics and is suitable to be employed in a portable diagnostic and therapeutic apparatus.
Physical Activity after Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2013)

Background and Purpose . Physical activity is beneficial after stroke, but it is unclear how active stroke survivors are. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to determine levels of activity and factors predicting activity. Summary of Review : Methods . MEDLINE (1946 to present) and EMBASE (1980 to present) were systematically searched until July 2012. All studies quantifying whole-body-free living physical activity by objective and self-reported methods in a community dwelling population with stroke were included. A random effect meta-analysis was performed. Results . Twenty-six studies were included (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>1105</mml:mn></mml:math>), of which eleven (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>315</mml:mn></mml:math>) contained sufficient data for meta-analysis. There were heterogeneous designs, measurements, and procedures. The studies generally recruited small samples of high-functioning participants. Level of physical activity was generally low in quantity, duration and intensity. Poorer walking ability, specific sensorimotor functions, and low mood were correlates of low physical activity. Meta-analysis generated an estimate of 4355.2 steps/day (95% CI: 3210.4 to 5499.9) with no significant heterogeneity (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>I</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> = 0). Conclusions . In high-functioning stroke survivors, physical activity including walking was generally low. Strategies are needed to promote and maintain physical activity in stroke survivors. Research is needed to establish reasons for low physical activity after stroke.
Light-Harvesting and Photocurrent Generation by Gold Electrodes Modified with Mixed Self-Assembled Monolayers of Boron−Dipyrrin and Ferrocene−Porphyrin−Fullerene Triad (2000)

Three different kinds of mixed self-assembled monolayers have been prepared to mimic photosynthetic energy and electron transfer on a gold surface. Pyrene and boron-dipyrrin were chosen as a light-harvesting model. The mixed self-assembled monolayers of pyrene (or boron-dipyrrin) and porphyrin (energy acceptor model) reveal photoinduced singlet-singlet energy transfer from the pyrene (or boron-dipyrrin) to the porphyrin on the gold surface. The boron-dipyrrin has also been combined with a reaction center model, ferrocene-porphyrin-fullerene triad, to construct integrated artificial photosynthetic assemblies on a gold electrode using mixed monolayers of the respective self-assembled unit. The mixed self-assembled monolayers on the gold electrode have established a cascade of photoinduced energy transfer and multistep electron transfer, leading to the production of photocurrent output with the highest quantum yield (50 +/- 8%, based on the adsorbed photons) ever reported for photocurrent generation at monolayer-modified metal electrodes and across artificial membranes using donor-acceptor linked molecules. The incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) of the photoelectrochemical cell at 510 and 430 nm was determined as 0.6% and 1.6%, respectively. Thus, the present system provides the first example of an artificial photosynthetic system, which not only mimics light-harvesting and charge separation processes in photosynthesis but also acts as an efficient light-to-current converter in molecular devices.
Channel-by-channel tunable optical dispersion compensator consisting of arrayed-waveguide grating and liquid crystal on silicon (2008)

We demonstrate a tunable optical dispersion compensator consisting of an arrayed-waveguide grating and a liquid crystal on silicon. We obtained a tuning range of ± 800 ps/nm with a bandwidth of 16 GHz.
A Rapid One-Step Trichrome Stain* (1950)

A Rapid One-Step Trichrome Stain* George GoMori, M.D. George GoMori, M.D. From the Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar *This work has been done under grants from the Douglas Smith Foundation for Medical Research of the University of Chicago and from the Pathology Study section of the United States Public Health Service. Author Notes American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 20, Issue 7_ts, July 1950, Pages 661–664, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/20.7_ts.661 Published: 01 July 1950 Article history Received: 01 December 1949 Published: 01 July 1950
An intense form of homeostatic proliferation of naive CD8+ cells driven by IL-2 (2007)

In conditions of T lymphopenia, interleukin (IL) 7 levels rise and, via T cell receptor for antigen-self-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) interaction, induce residual naive T cells to proliferate. This pattern of lymphopenia-induced "homeostatic" proliferation is typically quite slow and causes a gradual increase in total T cell numbers and differentiation into cells with features of memory cells. In contrast, we describe a novel form of homeostatic proliferation that occurs when naive T cells encounter raised levels of IL-2 and IL-15 in vivo. In this situation, CD8(+) T cells undergo massive expansion and rapid differentiation into effector cells, thus closely resembling the T cell response to foreign antigens. However, the responses induced by IL-2/IL-15 are not seen in MHC-deficient hosts, implying that the responses are driven by self-ligands. Hence, homeostatic proliferation of naive T cells can be either slow or fast, with the quality of the response to self being dictated by the particular cytokine (IL-7 vs. IL-2/IL-15) concerned. The relevance of the data to the gradual transition of naive T cells into memory-phenotype (MP) cells with age is discussed.
Osteomyelitis Caused by <i>Enterobacter cancerogenus</i> Infection following a Traumatic Injury: Case Report and Review of the Literature (2005)

We report a case of osteomyelitis caused by Enterobacter cancerogenus resistant to aminopenicillins in a 56-year-old male who had a motorcycle accident and suffered from multiple bone fractures with abundant environmental exposure. E. cancerogenus has rarely been associated with human infections, and its clinical significance remains unclear.
3-D Structure Design and Reliability Analysis of Wafer Level Package With Stress Buffer Mechanism (2007)

With the present trend of multifunction and minimizing of size, the conventional electronic package type no longer meets the requirement of the new-generation products. Consequently, new type packaging, based on the wafer level packages (WLPs) and chip scale packages (CSPs) technology are being developed to achieve these requirements, as well as long term reliability. Novel wafer-level chip scale packages (WLCSP) with a stress buffer layer and bubble-like plate (Fig. 1) are proposed in this research to improve the solder joint fatigue life. The thermal stress caused by the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch can be significantly reduced, and the reliability of the WLP could be substantially enhanced by this new design. In order to realize the relationship of the solder joint fatigue life, stress buffer layer and bubble-like plate, a finite element parametric analysis applying software ANSYS is utilized. In additions, the methodology based on the finite element method (FEM) used in the study has been verified by the relative experiments in our previous researches. The design parameters include the thickness of the stress buffer layer, thickness, bending angle and standoff height of the different types of bubble-like plate. The results of the FEM analysis reveal that the stress buffer layer and bubble-like plate can relax the thermal stresses of solder joints and enhance the package reliability. Besides, the peeling stress between stress buffer layer and two different types of bubble-like plates is discussed, and the stress state of the leadframe is also analyzed in this research. Furthermore, the findings of this research can be used as the guideline for advanced WLCSP design
Cardiovascular effects of platelet‐activating factor (1991)

Sudden release of platelet-activating factor (PAF) into the circulation can cause hypotension, tachycardia, and circulatory collapse. To further examine this response, we performed detailed studies of cardiovascular function after PAF administration to young domestic pigs and newborn piglets. Our results indicate that circulatory dysfunction after PAF reflects severe constriction of pulmonary resistance vessels and consequent acute right ventricular failure. Although PAF-induced coronary artery constriction and contractile depression may be complicating problems, left ventricular underperfusion and dysfunction after PAF are mainly the result of systemic arterial hypotension and diminished left ventricular filling. The adverse hemodynamic effects of PAF are accompanied by substantial release of thromboxane A2 (TxA2). These effects are mimicked by the TxA2 agonist U-46619 and partially blocked by specific and nonspecific inhibitors of TxA2 synthesis (OKY-046 and indomethacin). Even more potent blockade of PAF action is exerted by the TxA2 receptor blocker, SQ 29,548. Taken together, these findings indicate that severe pulmonary vascular constriction and hemodynamic collapse soon after intravenous PAF are at least partially mediated by PAF-induced TxA2 release. Tachyphylaxis to PAF influence has been observed in studies of leukocyte and platelet function. We hypothesized that tachyphylaxis to PAF might also occur in our studies of constrictor responses in pulmonary vessels. Recently, we have examined the capacity of PAF to produce sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction in open-chested, anesthetized newborn piglets. Infusions sufficient to produce 100% increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure after 3 min showed no loss of efficacy when sustained for 30 min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Analog VLSI Circuits for Sensorimotor Feedback (1991)

This thesis presents a design framework and circuit implementations for integrating sensory and motor processing onto very large-scale integrated (VLSI) chips. The designs consist of analog circuits that are composed of bipolar and subthreshold MOS transistors. The primary emphasis in this work is the transformation from the spatially-encoded representation found in sensory images to a scalar representation that is useful for controlling motor systems. The thesis begins with a discussion of the aggregation of sensory signals and the resulting extraction of high-level features from sensory images. An integrated circuit that computes the centroid of a visual image is presented. A theoretical analysis of the function of this circuit in stimulus localization and a detailed error analysis are also presented. Next, the control of motors using pulse trains is discussed. Pulse-generating circuits for use in bidirectional motor control and the implementation of traditional control schemes are presented. A method for analyzing the operation of these controllers is also discussed. Finally, a framework for the combination of sensory aggregation and pulse-encoded outputs is presented. The need for signal normalization and circuits to perform this task are discussed. Two complete sensorimotor feedback systems are presented.