gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SVM-based state transition framework for dynamical human behavior identification (2009)

This investigation proposes an SVM-based state transition framework (named as STSVM) to provide better performance of discriminability for human behavior identification. The STSVM consists of several state support vector machines (SSVM) and a state transition probability (STPM). The intra-structure information and inter-structure information of a human activity are analyzed and correlated by the SSVM and STPM, respectively. The integration of the SSVM and the STPM effectively provides human behavior understanding. With a database consisting of five kinds of human behaviors: raising hand, standing up, squatting down, falling down, and sitting, the proposed algorithm has been demonstrated with a significant recognition rate of 88.6%.
Generalization and discrimination in tree-structured unit selection. (1998)

Concatenative &quot;selection-based&quot; synthesis from large databases has emerged as a viable framework for TTS waveform generation. Unit selection algorithms attempt to predict the appropriateness of a particular database speech segment using only linguistic features output by text analysis and prosody prediction components of a synthesizer. All of these algorithms havein common a training or &quot;learning&quot; phase in which parameters are trained to select appropriate waveform segments for a given feature vector input. One approach to this step is to partition available data into clusters that can be indexed by linguistic features available at runtime. This method relies critically on two important principles: discrimination of fine phonetic details using a perceptually-motivated distance measure in training and generalization to unseen cases in selection. In this paper, we describe efforts to systematically investigate and improve these parts of the process.
Metallic electrodes and leads in simultaneous EEG‐MRI: Specific absorption rate (SAR) simulation studies (2004)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in specific absorption rate (SAR) in human-head tissues while using nonmagnetic metallic electroencephalography (EEG) electrodes and leads during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A realistic, high resolution (1 mm(3)) head model from individual MRI data was adopted to describe accurately thin tissues, such as bone marrow and skin. The RF power dissipated in the human head was evaluated using the FDTD algorithm. Both surface and bird cage coils were used. The following numbers of EEG electrodes/leads were considered: 16, 31, 62, and 124. Simulations were performed at 128 and 300 MHz. The difference in SAR between the electrodes/leads and no-electrodes conditions was greater with the bird cage coil than with the surface coil. The peak 1 g averaged SAR values were highest at 124 electrodes, increasing to as much as two orders of magnitude (x172.3) at 300 MHz compared to the original value. At 300 MHz, there was a fourfold (x3.6) increase of SAR averaged over the bone marrow, and a sevenfold (x7.4) increase in the skin. At 128 MHz, there was a fivefold (x5.6) increase of whole head SAR. Head models were obtained from two different subjects, with an inter-subject whole head SAR variability of 3%. .
Pain management in patients with chronic kidney disease (2009)

Pain has been reported to be a common problem in the general population and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Although similar data for pre-ESRD patients are lacking, we recently reported that the prevalence of pain is also very high (>70%) among pre-ESRD patients at a Los Angeles County tertiary referral centre. The high prevalence of pain in the CKD population is particularly concerning because pain has been shown to be associated with poor quality of life. Of greater concern, poor quality of life, at least in dialysis patients, has been shown to be associated with poor survival. We herein discuss the pathophysiology of common pain conditions, review a commonly accepted approach to the management of pain in the general population, and discuss analgesic-induced renal complications and therapeutic issues specific for patients with reduced renal function.
A convex programming approach to positive real rational approximation (2001)

As system integration evolves and tighter design constraints must be met, it becomes necessary to account for the non-ideal behavior of all the elements in a system. Certain devices common in high-frequency integrated circuit applications, such as spiral inductors, SAW filters, etc., are often described and studied in the frequency domain. Models take the form of frequency domain data obtained through measurement or through physical simulation. Usually the available data is sampled, incomplete, noisy, and covers only a finite range of the spectrum. In this paper we present a methodology for generating guaranteed passive time-domain models of frequency-described subsystems. The methodology presented is based on convex programming based algorithms for fixed denominator system identification. The algorithm is guaranteed to produce a passive system model that is optimal in the sense of having minimum weighted square error in the frequency band of interest over all models with a prescribed set of system poles. An incremental-fitting reformulation of the problem is also introduced that trades optimality for efficiency while still guaranteeing passivity. Results of the application of the proposed methodologies to the modeling of a variety of subsystems are presented and discussed.
Fluorescent Stain Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Mitochondrial Potential and Integrity of Plasma and Acrosomal Membranes in Boar Sperm (2007)

The purpose of this study was to validate a technique for simultaneous evaluation of the plasma, acrosomal and mitochondrial membranes in boar spermatozoa, using an association of fluorescent probes: Propidium iodide (PI), fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated Pisum sativum agglutinin (FITC-PSA) and JC-1. Three ejaculates from each of four different boars, all showing motility >or=80% and abnormal morphology <or=10%, were diluted in TALP medium and split into two aliquots. One of the aliquots was flash frozen in liquid nitrogen and thawed in three continuous cycles, to induce damage in cellular membranes and to disturb mitochondrial function. Three treatments were prepared with the following fixed ratios of fresh semen : flash frozen semen; 100 : 0 (T100), 50 : 50 (T50), and 0 : 100 (T0). The samples were then submitted to a stain technique. To a 150-microl aliquot of diluted semen it was added 3 microl of PI (0.5 mg/ml), 2 microl of JC-1 (153 microm) and 50 microl of FITC-PSA (100 microg/ml). Samples were incubated at 38.5 degrees C for 8 min, in the dark. An 8-microl sample was put on a slide, coverslipped and immediately evaluated by epifluorescent microscopy. The association of fluorescent probes was divided into eight cell classes, according to plasma membrane integrity, intact acrosome and mitochondrial function. For plasma membrane integrity, detected by PI probe, the equation: (p < 0.0001) and R(2) = 0.97 was obtained. The intact acrosome, verified by the FITC-PSA probe, produced the equation: (p < 0.0001) and R(2) = 0.98. The mitochondrial potential, marked by JC-1, was estimated by the equation: (p < 0.001) and R(2) = 0.99. The group of spermatozoa with combined intact plasma membrane, intact acrosome and high mitochondrial potential (IPIAH), was estimated by the equation: (p < 0.0001) and R(2) = 0.97. The resulting linear equations demonstrate that this technique is efficient and practical for the simultaneous evaluations of the plasma, acrosomal and mitochondrial membranes in boar spermatozoa.
Hand-Held Dynamometry: Reliability of Lower Extremity Muscle Testing in Healthy, Physically Active, Young Adults (2008)

HHD has the potential to be a reliable tool for strength measurements in healthy, strong subjects; however, there are noteworthy limitations with movements where subjects can overpower the testers.
DEC 7000/10000 Model 600 AXP multiprocessor server (2002)

The DEC 7000 and 10000 products are mid-range and mainframe Alpha AXP system offerings. They were designed to meet the needs of large commercial and scientific applications, and therefore are high-performance, expandable systems that can be easily upgraded. The DEC 7000 and 10000 systems utilize the DECchip 21064 microprocessor operating at speeds up to 200 MHz. The high-speed chips, large caches, multiprocessor system architecture, high-performance backplane interconnect, and large memory capacity combine to create mainframe-class performance with a cost and size previously attributed to mid-range systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Psychopharmacological treatment with lithium and antiepileptic drugs: suggested guidelines from the Danish Psychiatric Association and the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Association in Denmark (2003)

A subcommittee under the Danish Psychiatric Association and the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Association in Denmark have recently developed national guidelines for the psychopharmacological treatment with lithium and antiepileptic drugs, and the present translation aims at contributing to the international discussion on the development of proper guidelines for the treatment of bipolar disorder. Among the antiepileptic drugs, the report deals with valproate, carbamazepine and lamotrigine and to a lesser extent with oxcarbazepine, gabapentin and topiramate. The various drugs will be reviewed, outlining the scientific evidence for mood-stabilizing properties and discussing major side effects, the most important interactions with other drugs and practical use. Special considerations during pregnancy and lactation, during treatment of children and adolescents and during treatment of the elderly will also be presented. Antidepressants and antipsychotics are beyond the scope of the report, but due to the mood-stabilizing properties of at least some of the atypical antipsychotics, these agents will be brought into some focus in connection with the overall treatment guidelines for the different phases of bipolar disorder given at the end of this report.
Road detection in spaceborne SAR images using a genetic algorithm (2002)

This paper presents a technique for the detection of roads in a spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image using a genetic algorithm (GA). Roads in a spaceborne SAR image can be modeled as curvilinear structures that possess width. Curve segments, which represent the candidate positions for roads, are extracted from the image using a curvilinear structure detector, and the roads are accurately detected by grouping those curve segments. For this purpose, the authors designed a grouping method based on a GA, which is a global optimization method. They combined perceptual grouping factors with it and tried to reduce its overall computational cost by introducing a concept of region growing. In this process, a selected initial seed is grown into a finally grouped segment by the iterated GA process, which considers segments only in a search region. To detect roads more accurately, postprocessing, including noisy curve segment removal, is performed after grouping. The authors applied their method to ERS-1 SAR and SIR-C/X-SAR images that have a resolution of about 30 m. The experimental results show that our method can accurately detect road networks as well as single-track roads and is much faster than a globally applied GA approach.
Factors Associated with Bacteriological Cure During Lactation After Therapy for Subclinical Mastitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus (1997)

The objective of this study was to determine the factors that were associated with the cure of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus treated during lactation. One hundred forty-three quarters that were infected with S. aureus were available from a number of treatment trials. Analysis of these data showed that the most important factors associated with cure were age of the cow, somatic cell count at the time of treatment, presence of the infection in the front quarters, and stage of lactation. Other factors, such as number of infected quarters per cow and sensitivity or resistance of the strain to penicillin, were not significant.
Fusion cytokine IL-2-GMCSF enhances anticancer immune responses through promoting cell–cell interactions (2016)

These results suggested that IL2-GMCSF can efficiently regulate immune responses against tumors. Furthermore, as the bridging effect relies on both IL-2R and GM-CSFR and promotes interactions between immune and tumor cells, IL2-GMCSF may be utilized as a useful tool for dissecting specific immune responses for future clinical applications.
Exploring Possible Strategies for Competitions between Autonomous Systems (2008)

Autonomous systems (ASes) in the Internet structure are administrated by separate economic entities. They often meet direct or indirect competitions with each other when providing transit services to the same customer that is multihomed to them. In this paper, we explore possible strategies to enhance one's competition strength against other rivals by juggling AS path in routes advertised to neighbors without violating routing safety. Our strategies indicate that a provider can simply shorten or prolong AS path to achieve the aim. Moreover, we propose novel methods to help a provider defeating other competitors even if its routes are assigned lower local preference by its customers. We also evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies on a real Internet topology. It shows valuable use for network operators to get more market share and financial gains from multihomed customers.
Enterobacter turicensis sp. nov. and Enterobacter helveticus sp. nov., isolated from fruit powder (2007)

Four Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming isolates of coccoid rods were obtained from fruit powder and investigated in a polyphasic taxonomic study. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis allocated the isolates to the family Enterobacteriaceae. Their phylogenetic position within the family Enterobacteriaceae was confirmed by rpoB sequence analysis and as the highest rpoB sequence similarities were obtained with Enterobacter radicincitans, Enterobacter cowanii and Enterobacter sakazakii, the isolates clearly belong to the genus Enterobacter. Biochemical data revealed that the isolates can be separated into two distinct groups that represent two novel species, as confirmed by DNA-DNA hybridizations. The two novel species can be differentiated from their nearest neighbours by the following characteristics: the utilization of sucrose, D-sorbitol, putrescine and mucate, the hydrolysis of aesculin and a negative result in the Voges-Proskauer reaction. It is therefore proposed that these novel isolates are classified as Enterobacter turicensis sp. nov. (type strain 508/05(T)=LMG 23730(T)=DSM 18397(T)) and Enterobacter helveticus sp. nov. (type strain 513/05(T)=LMG 23732(T)=DSM 18396(T)).
TolC but not AcrB is essential for multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium colonization of chicks (2005)

TolC but not AcrB appears to be essential for multidrug-resistant S. Typhimurium DT104 and DT204 colonization of chicks, which is in accordance with their respective roles in resistance to detergents and bile salts. Therefore, TolC could be a better target than AcrB for the development of efflux pump inhibitors.
In praise of weakness (2013)

Quantum physics is being transformed by a radical new conceptual and experimental approach known as weak measurement that can do everything from tackling basic quantum mysteries to mapping the trajectories of photons in a Young's double-slit experiment. Aephraim Steinberg, Amir Feizpour, Lee Rozema, Dylan Mahler and Alex Hayat unveil the power of this new technique.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid Reassociation in the Taxonomy of Enteric Bacteria (1973)

A brief summary of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) relatedness of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae is presented. The application and utility of DNA relatedness to bacterial taxonomy are discussed in order to stimulate greater awareness and use of this technique. Applications include: (i) the recognition of new taxa; (ii) the identification of grossly atypical strains in a taxon; (iii) the classification of poorly studied groups of organisms; and (iv) changes in existing classifications. Also discussed are the identification and differentiation of bacteria in the clinical laboratory. Guidelines for the molecular definition of species are presented.
Pulse-width tunable, self-frequency conversion ofshort optical pulses over 200 nm based onsupercontinuum generation (1994)

Self-frequency conversion of ultrashort optical pulses into arbitrary multiwavelength components without the use of a pump is achieved by using supercontinuum generation. Frequency conversion of a randomly-modulated 1.535 – 1.560 µm, 2.5 ps pulse stream at 6.3 Gbit/s into 1.44 – 1.64 µm, 0.29 – 1.0 ps pulse streams is demonstrated for the first time. The method features ultrawide tunability of over 200 nm, and multiwavelength, pulse-width-tunable output for flexible WDM distribution networks.
Elongation factor Tu and E1 β subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex act as fibronectin binding proteins in <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> (2002)

The interactions between pathogenic bacteria and extracellular matrix (ECM) components markedly influence the initiation and establishment of infection. We have identified two surface proteins of virulent Mycoplasma pneumoniae with molecular masses of 45 and 30 kDa that bind to the ECM constituent, fibronectin (Fn). These Fn-binding proteins (FnBPs) were purified to near homogeneity using Fn-coupled Sepharose 4B-affinity column chromatography, and amino acid sequence analysis of the 45 and the 30 kDa proteins identified them as elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) and pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 beta subunit (PDH-B) respectively. The genes for EF-Tu and PDH-B were cloned, and the entire EF-Tu gene and NH2-terminus of PDH-B (NPDH (pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 beta subunit from amino acid 1-244)-B) gene were overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant proteins, rEF-Tu and rNPDH-B, were purified to homogeneity by His-tag affinity column chromatography and used to immunize rabbits. Purified rEF-Tu and rNPDH-B bound to Fn using a ligand immunoblot assay and ELISA. Immunogold electron microscopy with polyclonal antibodies reactive against rEF-Tu (antirEF-Tu) and rNPDH-B (antirNPDH-B) and whole cell radioimmunoprecipitation (WCRIP) revealed the surface location of these proteins. Adherence of viable M. pneumoniae to immobilized Fn was inhibited by antirEF-Tu and antirNPDH-B antisera in a dose-dependent and cumulative manner. These results demonstrate that M. pneumoniae EF-Tu and PDH-B, in addition to their major cytoplasmic biosynthetic and metabolic roles, can be surface translocated, which confers additional important biological functions.
Analysis and application of a viscoelastic model for silicon oxidation (1994)

The numerical modeling of the oxidation of silicon is analyzed from a nonlinear viscoelastic approach. Its mechanical and stress dependent parameters are determined for silicon dioxide and nitride. The study focuses on the rheological behavior of the materials. The two dimensional simulations of silicon cylinders oxidation and local oxidation of silicon processing reveal that at 1000 °C, a nonlinear viscous modeling is equivalent to the nonlinear viscoelastic one. But, for lower temperatures, the discrepancies between these two models, observed in the stress calculation and final oxide shape, demonstrate the necessity for a complete nonlinear viscoelastic formulation. Finally, the calibrated model is used to study the growth of a recessed isolation structure. The investigations quantify the influence of geometrical parameters of the silicon groove on the shape of the final isolation oxide (e.g., parameters such as the silicon overetch under the pad oxide, the depth of silicon etching, the slope of the silicon sidewall and the silicon concave corner rounding).
Structural stability in the 4-zinc human insulin hexamer. (1984)

X-ray studies on human insulins prepared by semisynthetic and biosynthetic methods have recently been undertaken. Human insulin differs from porcine insulin only at the COOH terminus of the B-chain. The present study reports the crystal structure of 4-zinc human insulin, which is used clinically as a slow-acting preparation. The structure has been refined, using 1.85-A resolution data, to a residual of 0.173. The unit cell is rhombohedral, space group R3, with hexagonal cell constants a = 80.953 and c = 37.636 A, and it is nearly isomorphous with that of 4-zinc porcine insulin. As a result of a conformational change of the first eight residues of the B-chain of molecule 1 from an extended conformation observed in the 2-zinc structure to an alpha-helical one, the coordination around one of the zinc ions on the 3-fold axis has changed, an additional zinc ion in a general position is bound by the hexamer, and additional hydrogen-bonded interactions help stabilize dimer and hexamer formation. Unlike the surface of the 2-zinc insulin hexamer, which possesses a shallow depression containing a zinc ion and its coordinating water molecules, the 4-zinc human insulin hexamer contains a zinc and chloride ion at the bottom of an 8-A tunnel produced by three parallel alpha-helices. These alpha-helices shield the zinc ion from the environment, decreasing the rate of dissociation of the hexamer, and provide an explanation for the slow-acting aspect of the 4-zinc crystalline form.
The differential regulation of the circulating levels of the insulin‐like growth factors and their binding proteins (IGFBP) 1, 2 and 3 after elective abdominal surgery (1996)

After major surgery there are complex and diverse changes in the IGFs and IGFBPs. The effect of these changes on IGF bioavailability may significantly affect the therapeutic potential of IGF-I in this setting.
A job scheduling model for a flexible manufacturing machine (1986)

The problems addressed in this paper arise in industry when flexible, automated machines are used to manufacture parts (jobs). These machines include numerically controlled (N/C) tools, robots,...etc. The goal is to avoid unnecessary set-up operations in order to effectively utilize the michines. In this paper we focus on developing a job scheduling model that considers the tool requirement of each job in an explicit fashion.
Cloud-RAN: Innovative radio access network architecture (2013)

Recent penetration of SDR (Software defined radio) technology into mobile systems of new generation as well as increasing throughput demands in radio access network (RAN) are main development engines of new paradigm in radio access network world, better known as Cloud-Radio Access Network (C-RAN). This inovative architecture whose main proponent among telecom companies is China Mobile, should significantly decrease bussiness costs of Telcos, mainly on the long term basis, and also enable higher resource utilization as well as faster and more flexibile development of radio access networks following the IT concept of Cloud Computing. Although the architecture itself, applied to this field, is quite revolutionary compared to the present one, its realization would be based on optimal combination of existing technologies that would have to be adjusted to system requirements of, mainly, LTE and LTE advanced systems. Even though theoretically, reviewed architecture provides a number of improvements, for its wider acceptance and implementation, certain problems must be solved due to the current capabilities of SDR technology and optical infrastructure. This paper will present brief overview of pros and cons of this architecture as well as an estimate of further progress in this field. This paper will present a new overview of all known techniques to realize a system capable to support a C-RAN network. We explored all the external factors that affect the radio access network and we made our own conclusions.