gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Circulation System of Elementary School Complex (2008)

The purpose of this study was to research on relationship between the circulation system of students and resident users in elementary school complex. 4 elementary schools in Seoul were chosen for this study. The method of this study is a plan analysis, an on-the-spot survey, and user behavior observation. The circulation system of students and resident users at school zone(outside) and Community school were observed. The following is the main results of this study. First, circulation systems are mixed between public zone and student zone in Community school. Therefore these zones shall be planed separated. Second, resident users tend to go directly to the facilities gathered together. Therefore main entrance has to be located closely to the facilities gathered together. In accordance with this results, both the main entrance of Community school and the students facilities have to be considered when planing the circulation system in school from now on.
Regulation of endogenous fat and carbohydrate metabolism in relation to exercise intensity and duration (1993)

Stable isotope tracers and indirect calorimetry were used to evaluate the regulation of endogenous fat and glucose metabolism in relation to exercise intensity and duration. Five trained subjects were studied during exercise intensities of 25, 65, and 85% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Plasma glucose tissue uptake and muscle glycogen oxidation increased in relation to exercise intensity. In contrast, peripheral lipolysis was stimulated maximally at the lowest exercise intensity, and fatty acid release into plasma decreased with increasing exercise intensity. Muscle triglyceride lipolysis was stimulated only at higher intensities. During 2 h of exercise at 65% VO2max plasma-derived substrate oxidation progressively increased over time, whereas muscle glycogen and triglyceride oxidation decreased. In recovery from high-intensity exercise, although the rate of lipolysis immediately decreased, the rate of release of fatty acids into plasma increased, indicating release of fatty acids from previously hydrolyzed triglycerides. We conclude that, whereas carbohydrate availability is regulated directly in relation to exercise intensity, the regulation of lipid metabolism seems to be more complex.
How to Build a Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI) System to Monitor Blood Flow (2010)

Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI) is a simple yet powerful technique that is used for full-field imaging of blood flow. The technique analyzes fluctuations in a dynamic speckle pattern to detect the movement of particles similar to how laser Doppler analyzes frequency shifts to determine particle speed. Because it can be used to monitor the movement of red blood cells, LSCI has become a popular tool for measuring blood flow in tissues such as the retina, skin, and brain. It has become especially useful in neuroscience where blood flow changes during physiological events like functional activation, stroke, and spreading depolarization can be quantified. LSCI is also attractive because it provides excellent spatial and temporal resolution while using inexpensive instrumentation that can easily be combined with other imaging modalities. Here we show how to build a LSCI setup and demonstrate its ability to monitor blood flow changes in the brain during an animal experiment.
Persistent joint development for high field NMR (1999)

A large NMR magnet links several Nb/sub 3/Sn and NbTi coils in series. The circuit can contain as many as fifty superconducting joints. The persistence requirements of NMR impose limits on the total circuit resistance. Ideally the magnets total resistance is determined by the field integrated n-value loss in the coils and the resistive sum from the joints. Designing sufficient margin into each coil's conductor can mitigate the decay resulting from n-value loss. Joint losses are the remaining aspect of the design that must be controlled for NMR, joint losses can be conservatively estimated from the upper limit in the resistance measurement sensitivity used during process development. An NMR magnet requires several joint configurations to allow fabrication and assembly of the circuit. There are joints between Nb/sub 3/Sn conductors inside coils, joints between NbTi conductors, and persistent joints between NbTi and Nb/sub 3/Sn conductors. A range of processing methods is required given the complexity of the assembly. This paper presents a review of this subject concerning the available methods for joint fabrication, a measurement method for process development, and supporting measurement results.
An evaluation of the Technicon RA-1000 random-access analyzer. (1984)

Abstract We evaluated the Technicon RA-1000 analyzer, with emphasis on its potential for user-defined method development. Optical linearity and sample pipetting linearity were good. The reagent pipetting system delivered slightly less than the nominal amount, owing to the volumetric effect of added mixing bubbles. Carryover of aqueous solutions was negligible. The instrument had good adaptability for user-defined methods and performed well in method comparisons. The observed dynamic range for enzymes (0-3000 U/L) was excellent. The worklisting software performed its intended functions well, but has limitations. We believe that the RA-1000 represents a significant contribution to the practice of clinical chemistry. A sophisticated benchtop machine, it includes several innovations, along with a few problems that are peculiar to its technology.
Quantile smoothing of array CGH data (2004)

Simulated data and a published dataset are used to show the capabilities of the method to detect the segments of changed copy numbers in array CGH data.
Syzygy: native PC cluster VR (2003)

The Syzygy software library consists of tools for programming VR applications on PC clusters. Since the PC cluster environment presents application development constraints, it is impossible to simultaneously optimize for efficiency, flexibility, and portability between the single-computer and cluster cases. Consequently Syzygy includes two application frameworks: a distributed scene graph framework for rendering a single application's graphics database on multiple rendering clients, and a master/slave framework for applications with multiple synchronized instances. Syzygy includes a simple distributed OS and supports networked input devices, sound renderers, and graphics renderers, all built on a robust networking layer.
Batch-Online Semi-Blind Source Separation Applied to Multi-Channel Acoustic Echo Cancellation (2010)

Semi-blind source separation (SBSS) is a special case of the well-known blind source separation (BSS) when some partial knowledge of the source signals is available to the system. In particular, a batch adaptation in the frequency domain based on independent component analysis (ICA) can be effectively used to jointly perform source separation and multichannel acoustic echo cancellation (MCAEC) through SBSS without double-talk detection. Many issues related to the implementation of an SBSS system are discussed in this paper. After a deep analysis of the structure of the SBSS adaptation, we propose a constrained batch-online implementation that stabilizes the convergence behavior even in the worst case scenario of a single far-end talker along with the non-uniqueness condition on the far-end mixing system. Specifically, a matrix constraint is proposed to reduce the effect of the non-uniqueness problem caused by highly correlated far-end reference signals during MCAEC. Experimental results show that high echo cancellation can be achieved just as the misalignment remains relatively low without any preprocessing procedure to decorrelate the far-end signals even for the single far-end talker case.
Tablewise, a decision table tool (2002)

Decision tables are widely used for specifying finite functions, such as finite state transitions. We have developed a tool, Tablewise, that tests decision tables for consistency and completeness, displaying possible inputs for which no output or more than one output is specified. Tablewise also supports a novel form of structural analysis that localizes flaws that cause decision tables to be inconsistent or incomplete. Tablewise can generate Ada code implementing the function defined by a decision table and can generate English-language documentation describing that function. Tablewise uses algorithms based on variants of binary decision diagrams.
Microdialysis probe for transcutaneous monitoring of ethanol and glucose in humans (1993)

A heated (42 degrees C) microdialysis probe and its application for continuous transcutaneous sampling of ethanol and glucose through cellophane-stripped forearm skin are described. Ethanol and glucose concentration in the dialysate were measured on-line with continuous-flow analysis and compared with blood values in human volunteers after ethanol consumption (n = 4) and oral glucose testing (n = 5), respectively. For ethanol and glucose, the dialysate and blood concentrations were linearly related in each subject (r > or = 0.91, P < 0.005), although the dialysate-to-blood ratio varied among subjects. The recovery in vivo was 22.4 +/- 22.7 and 4.7 +/- 2.3% (SD) of the recovery in vitro for ethanol and glucose, respectively. The dialysate glucose concentration was independent of blood flow. When the probe temperature was increased from 32 to 42 degrees C, the dialysate-to-blood glucose ratio increased, with 2.4 +/- 1.4%/degrees C (SD) in fasting subjects (n = 4), which was similar to an increase of 2.1 +/- 0.045%/degree C in dialysate-to-medium ratio in vitro. The present approach for transcutaneous sampling may possibly be used for other substances of low molecular weight as well.
ITS POSSIBLE ROLE IN CARDIAC SURGERY (1950)

Toronto, Canada From the Departments of Surgery, Pathological Chemistry and Medicine of the University of Toronto
Activity of PF-03084014 in adults with desmoid tumors/aggressive fibromatosis. (2016)

11028 Background: Desmoids are rare, locally invasive, slow growing soft tissue tumors that are either sporadic or associated with familial genetic syndromes such as familial adenomatous polyposis. Desmoids are characterized by stabilization and abnormal nuclear localization of β-catenin. Mutations in the CTNNB1 gene are found in 85-90% of desmoids. Gamma-secretase cleaves intracellular Notch, resulting in Notch signaling. PF-030844014 (PF) is an oral, reversible γ-secretase inhibitor that was well tolerated in a phase I trial. We report here the updated results of PF in a phase II trial of patients with progressive, symptomatic desmoid tumors. Methods: PF was administered orally at 150mg BID; 21 day cycles. Archival samples were sequenced for germline/somatic mutations in APC and CTNNB1 genes. Primary objective: response rate (RR); single stage study; 90% power to rule out unacceptably low RR of 10% in favor of 35% RR. Response defined by RECIST 1.1 using CT. Optional dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) was obtained at baseline and with every restaging. Results: 17 patients (pts) entered between November 2014-May 2015. Currently, 10/17 pts (59%) remain on study. 7 pts discontinued treatment by choice or co-morbid conditions, including allergy, desire to conceive, and travel issues (median #cycles 14, range 4-23). All pts were previously treated and had disease progression prior to enrollment; no pt has progressed on study to date. Median follow-up: 17 months (range 3-26 months). 12 pts remained on study ≥ 1year, with 2 pts continuing treatment for > 2years. Grade 3 toxicities were limited to hypophosphatemia (8 pts, 47%). Dose reduction to 100mg BID daily occurred in 2 pts due to persistent grade 2 nausea and diarrhea, respectively, which resolved completely following dose reduction. 12 pts (70%) experienced stable disease; 4 pts achieved a confirmed PR, and 1 pt’s PR awaits confirmation, meeting the primary endpoint of the study. Late responses were noted; time to response ranged from 9 to 18 months. Preliminary DCE-MRI analysis demonstrated reductions of tumor volume. 15/17 pts had a somatic/germline mutation. Conclusions: PF is clinically active in pts with progressive demoids with 5/17 pts achieving an objective response. Clinical trial information: NCT01981551.
Structure-Activity Study on Antiulcer Agents Using Wiener's Topological Index and Molecular Connectivity Index (1995)

The relationship of Wiener's topological index and molecular connectivity index with antiulcer activity of a series of 4-substituted-2-guanidino thiazole analogs has been investigated. The values of Wiener's topological index and molecular connectivity index of 128 compounds were computed and active ranges were identified. The activity assigned to each analog using these topological descriptors was subsequently compared with the reported in vitro and in vivo activities against gastric hydrogen-potassium stimulated adenosine triphosphatase (H+K(+)-ATPase) enzyme. Predictions with an accuracy of the order of approximately 89% were observed with regard to in vivo activity using these topological indices.
Effect of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchor-dependent and -independent Prion Protein Association with Model Raft Membranes on Conversion to the Protease-resistant Isoform (2003)

Prion protein (PrP) is usually bound to membranes by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that associates with detergent-resistant membranes, or rafts. To examine the effect of membrane association on the interaction between the normal protease-sensitive PrP isoform (PrP-sen) and the protease-resistant isoform (PrP-res), a model system was employed using PrP-sen reconstituted into sphingolipid-cholesterol-rich raft-like liposomes (SCRLs). Both full-length (GPI(+)) and GPI anchor-deficient (GPI(-)) PrP-sen produced in fibroblasts stably associated with SCRLs. The latter, alternative mode of membrane association was not detectably altered by glycosylation and was markedly reduced by deletion of residues 34-94. The SCRL-associated PrP molecules were not removed by treatments with either high salt or carbonate buffer. However, only GPI(+) PrP-sen resisted extraction with cold Triton X-100. PrP-sen association with SCRLs was pH-independent. PrP-sen was also one of a small subset of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC)-released proteins from fibroblast cells found to bind SCRLs. A cell-free conversion assay was used to measure the interaction of SCRL-bound PrP-sen with exogenous PrP-res as contained in microsomes. SCRL-bound GPI(+) PrP-sen was not converted to PrP-res until PI-PLC was added to the reaction or the combined membrane fractions were treated with the membrane-fusing agent polyethylene glycol (PEG). In contrast, SCRL-bound GPI(-) PrP-sen was converted to PrP-res without PI-PLC or PEG treatment. Thus, of the two forms of raft membrane association by PrP-sen, only the GPI anchor-directed form resists conversion induced by exogenous PrP-res.
The Effect of High Magnetic Field on the Crystal Growth of Benzophenone (1996)

Abstract The crystal growth of benzophenone was observed under high magnetic fields. In the presence of a magnetic field (8 T) the benzophenone crystal, which was diamagnetic, aligned in such a way that its crystal c-axis was perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. This phenomenon seemed attributable to the anisotropic diamagnetic susceptibility of the crystal.
B-cell receptor signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2011)

The B-cell receptor (BCR) is a key survival molecule for normal B cells and for most B-cell malignancies. Recombinatorial and mutational patterns in the clonal immunoglobulin (Ig) of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have revealed 2 major IgMD-expressing subsets and an isotype-switched variant, each developing from distinct B-cell populations. Tracking of conserved stereotypic features of Ig variable regions characteristic of U-CLL indicate circulating naive B cells as the likely cells of origin. In CLL, engagement of the BCR by antigen occurs in vivo, leading to down-regulated expression and to an unanticipated modulation of glycosylation of surface IgM, visible in blood cells, especially in U-CLL. Modulated glycoforms of sIgM are signal competent and could bind to environmental lectins. U-CLL cases express more sIgM and have increased signal competence, linking differential signaling responses to clinical behavior. Mapping of BCR signaling pathways identifies targets for blockade, aimed to deprive CLL cells of survival and proliferative signals. New inhibitors of BCR signaling appear to have clinical activity. In this Perspective, we discuss the functional significance of the BCR in CLL, and we describe strategies to target BCR signaling as an emerging therapeutic approach.
b-Catenin Is Expressed Aberrantly in Tumors Expressing Shadow Cells Pilomatricoma, Craniopharyngioma, and Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst (2003)

We studied the beta-catenin immunohistochemical profile in tumors expressing shadow cells: pilomatricoma, 10 cases; calcifying odontogenic cyst, 6 cases; and craniopharyngioma, 9 cases. There was strong membranous, cytoplasmic, and nuclear staining of the immature basaloid cells in all of these tumors. Shadow cells were negative in all tumors. It has been documented that rising levels of free beta-catenin drive the formation of complexes with T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF-Lef) and up-regulate the wingless-Wnt cell-cell signals. The end result is an abnormality of beta-catenin degradation and, thus, a buildup of free beta-catenin in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus, resulting in the stimulation of cellular proliferation and/or inhibition of cell death. beta-Catenin seems to have an important role in the oncogenesis of these tumors. The similar pattern of keratinization in these tumors and the similar pattern of beta-catenin immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm and the nucleus are important findings. It seems that the activation of a common cellular pathway, namely Wnt-beta-catenin-TCF-Lef, has a role in the pathogenesis of these tumors. The latter could be related to their shared method of keratinization or shared dysfunction of the cellular adhesion complex leading to tumorigenesis.
Performance analysis of inter cluster communication methods in VLIW architecture (2004)

With increasing demands for high performance by embedded systems, especially by digital signal processing applications, embedded processors must increase available instruction level parallelism (ILP) within significant constraints on power consumption and chip cost. Clustered VLIW (Very Long Instruction Word) architectures can be used to address this problem. Their clusters have to communicate by some mechanism to ensure that the data in one cluster can be used by other clusters as and when required. We selected four different mechanisms of inter cluster communication under the category of fully connected deadlock free networks. Then we designed and implemented the VLIW processors employing these mechanisms and analyzed them against various performance parameters-cycle time, cycle count overhead, instruction size and gate count. Also the effects of changing the data width and number of registers in a register file are analyzed.
The Use Of Artificial Intelligence In Controlling A 6DOF Motion Platform (2007)

Aalesund University College (AUC) has long and broad experience in the design of nautical simulators. An important part of this work is the design and control of motion platforms in three or six Degrees of Freedom (DOF). A small-scale model of a 6DOF motion platform has been designed to investigate the control possibilities of such a device. The platform deck is moved by six actuator rods connected to DC servo motors, controlled by Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signals. The servo motors are placed in pairs at the corners of an equilateral triangle at the base of the platform, and the actuators are similarly connected in pairs to the platform deck. A solution for the inverse kinematics from platform coordinates to motor shaft angles is derived in this paper. The mathematical transformations are verified through simulations and measurements of the platform movements. To explore the control capabilities of the motion platform, a ball has been controlled with the aid of a camera to follow different kinds of paths on the deck. The ball follows reference paths like a circle or an 8-curve with the platform in a stationary position relative to the camera, as well as while the platform is moving in a plane at a certain height. The control is based on a state space model, and different kinds of adaptive algorithms have been tested, including a Neural Network (NN) and a Genetic Algorithm (GA). The training of the NN controller with a back propagation algorithm was very time demanding, and the real-time implementation was not successful. The GA controller, however, functioned very well and adapted to the different reference conditions in real-time.
Analysis of a grading system to assess the quality of small-bowel preparation for capsule endoscopy: in search of the Holy Grail (2014)

The proposed grading scale for assessing the quality of preparation for capsule endoscopy has inadequate interobserver and intra-observer agreement. Capsule endoscopy preparation grading scales that focus more on quantitative than on qualitative assessment may demonstrate more reliable performance characteristics. Optimizing the quality of preparation and diagnostic yield of capsule endoscopy will first require the development of a well-validated grading scale.
Analysis of internet backbone traffic and header anomalies observed (2007)

The dominating Internet protocols, IP and TCP, allow some flexibility in implementation, including a variety of optional features. To support research and further development of these protocols, it is crucial to know about current deployment of protocol specific features and accompanying anomalies. This work is intended to reflect the current characteristics of Internet backbone traffic and point out misbehaviors and potential problems. On 20 consecutive days in April 2006 bidirectional traffic was collected on an OC-192 backbone link. The analysis of the data provides a comprehensive summary about current protocol usage including comparisons to prior studies. Furthermore, header misbehaviors and anomalies were found within almost every aspect analyzed and are discussed in detail. These observations are important information for designers of network protocols, network application and network attack detection systems.1..
Surface reconstruction using deformable models with interior and boundary constraints (1992)

The authors introduce a technique for 3D surface reconstruction using elastic deformable-models. The model used is an imaginary elastic grid, which is made of membranous, thin-plate-type material. The elastic grid can bent, twisted, compressed, and stretched into any desired 3D shape, which is specified by the shape constraints derived automatically from images of a real 3D object. Shape reconstruction is guided by a set of imaginary springs that enforce the consistency in the position, orientation, and/or curvature measurements of the elastic grid and the desired shape. The dynamics of a surface reconstruction process is regulated by Hamilton's principle or the principle of the least action. Furthermore, a 1D deformable template that borders the elastic grid may be used. This companion boundary template is attracted/repelled by image forces to conform with the silhouette of the imaged object. Implementation results using simple analytic shapes and images of real objects are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>