gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Factorized Graph Matching (2015)

Graph matching (GM) is a fundamental problem in computer science, and it plays a central role to solve correspondence problems in computer vision. GM problems that incorporate pairwise constraints can be formulated as a quadratic assignment problem (QAP). Although widely used, solving the correspondence problem through GM has two main limitations: (1) the QAP is NP-hard and difficult to approximate; (2) GM algorithms do not incorporate geometric constraints between nodes that are natural in computer vision problems. To address aforementioned problems, this paper proposes factorized graph matching (FGM). FGM factorizes the large pairwise affinity matrix into smaller matrices that encode the local structure of each graph and the pairwise affinity between edges. Four are the benefits that follow from this factorization: (1) There is no need to compute the costly (in space and time) pairwise affinity matrix; (2) The factorization allows the use of a path-following optimization algorithm, that leads to improved optimization strategies and matching performance; (3) Given the factorization, it becomes straight-forward to incorporate geometric transformations (rigid and non-rigid) to the GM problem. (4) Using a matrix formulation for the GM problem and the factorization, it is easy to reveal commonalities and differences between different GM methods. The factorization also provides a clean connection with other matching algorithms such as iterative closest point; Experimental results on synthetic and real databases illustrate how FGM outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms for GM. The code is available at http://humansensing.cs.cmu.edu/fgm.
Enzymatic Amplification of DNA by PCR: Standard Procedures and Optimization (2001)

Abstract This unit describes a method for amplifying DNA enzymatically by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), including procedures to quickly determine conditions for successful amplification of the sequence and primer sets of interest, and to optimize for specificity, sensitivity, and yield. The first step of PCR simply entails mixing template DNA, two appropriate oligonucleotide primers, Taq or other thermostable DNA polymerases, deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs), and a buffer. Once assembled, the mixture is cycled many times (usually 30) through temperatures that permit denaturation, annealing, and synthesis to exponentially amplify a product of specific size and sequence. The PCR products are then displayed on an appropriate gel and examined for yield and specificity. Recommended optimization conditions are included.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitropyrazoles. Part 4. N‐Amination Under Control of the pH Value. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Role of Group A p21-activated Kinases in Activation of Extracellular-regulated Kinase by Growth Factors (2005)

The canonical extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling cascade, consisting of the Ras-Raf-Mek-ERK module, is critically important to many cellular functions. Although the general mechanism of activation of the ERK cascade is well established, additional noncanonical components greatly influence the activity of this pathway. Here, we focus on the group A p21-activated kinases (Paks), which have previously been implicated in regulating both c-Raf and Mek1 activity, by phosphorylating these proteins at Ser(338) and Ser(298), respectively. In NIH-3T3 cells, expression of an inhibitor of all three group A Paks reduced activation of ERK in response to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) but not to epidermal growth factor (EGF). Similar results were obtained in HeLa cells using small interference RNA-mediated simultaneous knockdown of both Pak1 and Pak2 to reduce group A Pak function. Inhibition of Pak kinase activity dramatically decreased phosphorylation of Mek1 at Ser(298) in response to either PDGF or EGF, but this inhibition did not prevent Mek1 activation by EGF, suggesting that although Pak can phosphorylate Mek1 at Ser(298), this event is not required for Mek1 activation by growth factors. Inhibition of Pak reduced the Ser(338) phosphorylation of c-Raf in response to both PDGF and EGF; however, in the case of EGF, the reduction in Ser(338) phosphorylation was not accompanied by a significant decrease in c-Raf activity. These findings suggest that Paks are required for the phosphorylation of c-Raf at Ser(338) in response to either growth factor, but that the mechanisms by which EGF and PDGF activate c-Raf are fundamentally different.
Cross‐Incompatibility in Maize<sup>1</sup> (1957)

Synopsis Classification of F 2 and backcross populations between dent‐incompatible and dent‐compatible lines indicated in general that they possessed Ga s and ga alleles respectively for incompatibility and compatibility to dent corn pollen. However, some inbreds appeared to possess alleles either differing from the type Ga s and ga or possessed modifying genes which altered the dent in compatibility reaction.
Impaired tight junction sealing and precocious involution in mammary glands of<i>PKN1</i>transgenic mice (2007)

The mammary gland undergoes a complex set of changes to establish copious milk secretion at parturition. To test the hypothesis that signaling through the Rho pathway plays a role in secretory activation, transgenic mice expressing a constitutively activated form of the Rho effector protein PKN1 in the mammary epithelium were generated. PKN1 activation had no effect in late pregnancy but inhibited milk secretion after parturition, diminishing the ability of transgenic dams to support a litter. Mammary gland morphology as well as increased apoptosis and expression of IFGBP5 and TGFβ3 suggest precocious involution in these animals. Furthermore, tight junction sealing at parturition was impaired in transgenic mammary glands as demonstrated by intraductal injection of [14C]sucrose. Consistent with this finding, tight junction sealing in response to glucocorticoid stimulation was highly impaired in EpH4 mammary epithelial cells expressing constitutively activated PKN1, whereas expression of a dominant-negative PKN1 mutant resulted in accelerated tight junction sealing in vitro. Tight junction formation was not impaired as demonstrated by the correct localization of occludin and ZO1 at the apical cell borders. Our results provide evidence that PKN1 participates in the regulation of tight junction sealing in the mammary gland by interfering with glucocorticoid signaling.
Engineering a change in metal‐ion specificity of the iron‐dependent superoxide dismutase from <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (1998)

We have refined the X-ray structures of two site-directed mutants of the iron-dependent superoxide dismutase (SOD) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These mutations which affect residue 145 in the enzyme (H145Q and H145E) were designed to alter its metal-ion specificity. This residue is either Gln or His in homologous SOD enzymes and has previously been shown to play a role in active-site interactions since its side-chain helps to coordinate the metal ion via a solvent molecule which is thought to be a hydroxide ion. The mutations were based on the observation that in the closely homologous manganese dependent SOD from Mycobacterium leprae, the only significant difference from the M. tuberculosis SOD within 10 A of the metal-binding site is the substitution of Gln for His at position 145. Hence an H145Q mutant of the M. tuberculosis (TB) SOD was engineered to investigate this residue's role in metal ion dependence and an isosteric H145E mutant was also expressed. The X-ray structures of the H145Q and H145E mutants have been solved at resolutions of 4.0 A and 2.5 A, respectively, confirming that neither mutation has any gross effects on the conformation of the enzyme or the structure of the active site. The residue substitutions are accommodated in the enzyme's three-dimensional structure by small local conformational changes. Peroxide inhibition experiments and atomic absorption spectroscopy establish surprisingly the H145E mutant SOD has manganese bound to it whereas the H145Q mutant SOD retains iron as the active-site metal. This alteration in metal specificity may reflect on the preference of manganese ions for anionic ligands.
Verified lightweight bytecode verification (2001)

Abstract Eva and Kristoffer Rose proposed a (sparse) annotation of Java Virtual Machine code with types to enable a one‐pass verification of well‐typedness. We have formalized a variant of their proposal in the theorem prover Isabelle/HOL and proved soundness and completeness. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hurricane Contingency for Stuck Coiled Tubing: Preparing for Platform Evacuation and Allowing a Safe Recovery Maurice, Louisiana, North Gulf Coast (2011)

Abstract Operations in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) are affected during the months of June through November by the weather, as hurricanes are generated and come into the GOM, creating the need to plan abandonments to avoid harm to any personnel, environment and minimize damage to facilities. During June 2010, while executing a scale clean out operation on a platform with 1.25″ coiled tubing (CT), the pipe got stuck. After 11 days of troubleshooting, it was required to evacuate the platform due to a hurricane that was approaching. A management of change was developed to safely secure the CT string at surface, which would allow for abandonment while maintaining well control (WC). During this process three options were analyzed: the first option was to add additional support to the injector head(IH) jacking frame and leave the pipe stabbed in, this option was rejected because it would not guarantee WC in the event that the storm takes down the IH. The second option was to secure the CT with the Blow Out Preventers(BOP) then shear it, and rig down the IH. This Approach provided WC, but it created additional risk and limitations when resuming the retrieval operation after the storm. The third option was to secure the CT at the BOP and cut it above the IH. With the removal of the IH, this would leave the section of pipe that was previously across the chains and riser free above the BOP. An appropriate valve would then be connected to the CT stub end, for WC. Furthermore, by sliding a riser section over the CT stub and making up a gate valve and night cap would minimize the exposure to the storm. Finally, the riser could be secured to the deck. After analyzing available options, the third alternative was recommended and approved by the BOEMRE; as this option addressed WC and allowed safe recovery by re-stabbing the pipe back into the IH, and rigging up the required equipment to proceed with the pipe recovery operation.
<i>IS-LM</i>: An Explanation (1980)

(1980). IS-LM: An Explanation. Journal of Post Keynesian Economics: Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 139-154.
A new method to specifically label thiophosphorylatable proteins with extrinsic probes. Labeling of serine-19 of the regulatory light chain of smooth muscle myosin (1992)

We present a new method to specifically and stably label proteins by attaching extrinsic probes to amino acids that are thiophosphorylated by protein kinases and ATP gamma S. The method was demonstrated for labeling of a thiophosphorylatable serine of the isolated regulatory light chain of smooth muscle myosin. We stoichiometrically blocked the single thiol (Cys-108) either by forming a reversible intermolecular disulfide bond or by reacting with iodoacetic acid. The protein was stoichiometrically thiophosphorylated at Ser-19 by myosin light chain kinase and ATP gamma S. The nucleophilic sulfur of the protein phosphorothioate was coupled at pH 7.9 and 25 degrees C to the fluorescent haloacetate [3H]-5-[[2-[(iodoacetyl)-amino]ethyl]amino]naphthalene-1- sulfonic acid ([3H]IAEDANS) by displacement of the iodide. Typical labeling efficiencies were 70-100%. The labeling was specific for the thiophosphorylated Ser-19, as determined from the sequences of two labeled peptides isolated from a tryptic digest of the labeled protein. [3H]IAEDANS attached to the thiophosphorylated Ser-19 was stable at pH 3-10 at 25 degrees C, and to boiling in high concentrations of reductant. The labeled light chains were efficiently exchanged for unlabeled regulatory light chains of the whole myosin molecule. The resulting labeled myosin had normal ATPase activities in the absence of actin, indicating that the modification of Ser-19 and the exchange of the labeled light chain into myosin did not significantly disrupt the protein. The labeled myosin partially retained the elevated actin-activated Mg(2+)-ATPase activity which is characteristic of thiophosphorylated myosin. This indicates that labeling of the thiophosphate group with [3H]IAEDANS did not completely disrupt the functional properties of the thiophosphorylated protein in the presence of actin.
Binding of Correolide to Kv1 Family Potassium Channels (1999)

Correolide, a novel nortriterpene natural product, potently inhibits the voltage-gated potassium channel, K(v)1.3, and [(3)H]dihydrocorreolide (diTC) binds with high affinity (K(d) approximately 10 nM) to membranes from Chinese hamster ovary cells that express K(v)1.3 (Felix, J. P., Bugianesi, R. M., Schmalhofer, W. A., Borris, R., Goetz, M. A., Hensens, O. D., Bao, J.-M., Kayser, F. , Parsons, W. H., Rupprecht, K., Garcia, M. L., Kaczorowski, G. J., and Slaughter, R. S. (1999) Biochemistry 38, 4922-4930). Mutagenesis studies were used to localize the diTC binding site and to design a high affinity receptor in the diTC-insensitive channel, K(v)3.2. Transferring the pore from K(v)1.3 to K(v)3.2 produces a chimera that binds peptidyl inhibitors of K(v)1.3 with high affinity, but not diTC. Transfer of the S(5) region of K(v)1.3 to K(v)3.2 reconstitutes diTC binding at 4-fold lower affinity as compared with K(v)1.3, whereas transfer of the entire S(5)-S(6) domain results in a normal K(v)1.3 phenotype. Substitutions in S(5)-S(6) of K(v)1.3 with nonconserved residues from K(v)3.2 has identified two positions in S(5) and one in S(6) that cause significant alterations in diTC binding. High affinity diTC binding can be conferred to K(v)3.2 after substitution of these three residues with the corresponding amino acids found in K(v)1.3. These results suggest that lack of sensitivity of K(v)3.2 to diTC is a consequence of the presence of Phe(382) and Ile(387) in S(5), and Met(458) in S(6). Inspection of K(v)1.1-1.6 channels indicates that they all possess identical S(5) and S(6) domains. As expected, diTC binds with high affinity (K(d) values 7-21 nM) to each of these homotetrameric channels. However, the kinetics of binding are fastest with K(v)1.3 and K(v)1.4, suggesting that conformations associated with C-type inactivation will facilitate entry and exit of diTC at its binding site. Taken together, these findings identify K(v)1 channel regions necessary for high affinity diTC binding, as well as, reveal a channel conformation that markedly influences the rate of binding of this ligand.
Fast Human Pose Estimation (2018)

Existing human pose estimation approaches often only consider how to improve the model generalisation performance, but putting aside the significant efficiency problem. This leads to the development of heavy models with poor scalability and cost-effectiveness in practical use. In this work, we investigate the under-studied but practically critical pose model efficiency problem. To this end, we present a new Fast Pose Distillation (FPD) model learning strategy. Specifically, the FPD trains a lightweight pose neural network architecture capable of executing rapidly with low computational cost. It is achieved by effectively transferring the pose structure knowledge of a strong teacher network. Extensive evaluations demonstrate the advantages of our FPD method over a broad range of state-of-the-art pose estimation approaches in terms of model cost-effectiveness on two standard benchmark datasets, MPII Human Pose and Leeds Sports Pose.
A New Class of Chromatic Filters for Color Image Processing. Theory and Applications (2004)

This paper advances a new framework for chromatic filtering of color images. The chromatic content of a color image is encoded in the CIE u'v' chromaticity coordinates whereas the achromatic content is encoded as CIE Y tristimulus value. Within the u'v' chromaticity diagram, colors are added according to the well-known center of gravity law of additive color mixtures, which is generalized here into a nonlinear filtering scheme for processing the two chromatic signals u' and v'. The achromatic channel Y can be processed with traditional filtering schemes, either linear or nonlinear, depending on the specific task at hand. The most interesting characteristics of the new filtering scheme are: 1) the elimination of color smearing effects along edges between bright and dark areas; 2) the possibility of processing chromatic components in a noniterative fashion through linear convolution operations; and 3) the consequent amenability to computationally efficient implementations with fast Fourier transform. The paper includes several examples with both synthetic and real images where the performance of the new filtering method is compared with that of other color image processing algorithms.
Detection of 22q11.2 deletion among 139 patients with Di George/Velocardiofacial syndrome features. (2005)

Cytogenetic and FISH analysis was performed in 139 patients to detect the pathognomonic of Di George/ Velocardiofacial syndrome (DGS/VFCS) deletion 22q11.2. An abnormal karyotype was revealed in 2/139 cases (47, XXY and 46, XX, 2p+). A deletion was found in 17/139 (12.2%) patients (14 males/ 3 females), inherited in 3 (2 maternal and 1 paternal). Patients with 22q11.2 deletion exhibited facial dysmorphic features (82%), congenital heart defects (70%), immunological problems (47%), multiple congenital anomalies (64%), hypocalcemia (47%), mental retardation/learning difficulties (35%), cleft palate/velopharyngeal insufficiency (23.5%), seizures/hypotonia (23%) and growth retardation (12%). Among 56/139 patients with detailed available clinical data, the 22q11.2 deletion was confirmed in all cases with hypocalcemia and in over half of the cases with multiple congenital anomalies, immunological problems and hypotonia/seizures (70%, 60% and 57%, respectively). Genetic reevaluation of 39 patients without the 22q11.2 deletion contributed to the classification of 14 (37%) under different syndromes, emphasizing the need for stricter referral criteria.
Automatic Surveillance of the Acoustic Activity in Our Living Environment (2005)

We report an experiment with an acoustic surveillance system comprised of a computer and microphone situated in a typical office environment. The system continuously analyzes the acoustic activity at the recording site, separates all interesting events, and stores them in a database. All interesting acoustic events over duration of more than two months were recorded. A number of low-level signal features are computed from the audio signal and used to classify and identify sound events. The analysis reveals interesting patterns and activities which would be difficult to find by any other means.
Unified Approach to the Detection and Classification of Speckle Texture in Diagnostic Ultrasound (1985)

Second order statistics have been derived for the speckle in diagnostic ultrasound that arises from diffuse (incoherent) scattering in the presence of distributed and organized specular (coherent) scattering. They serve as the basis for a three-dimensional feature space in which tissue textures can be classified. The covariance matrix of the measurements in this space is a generalization of the speckle spot number or sampling concept that arises in the study of signal or lesion detectability.
Breastfeeding during the first year promotes satiety responsiveness in children aged 18–24 months (2012)

Breastfeeding may promote satiety responsiveness potentially through the baby-led nature of feeding.
A Molecular Platform for Multistate Near‐Infrared Electrochromism and Flip‐Flop, Flip‐Flap‐Flop, and Ternary Memory (2015)

A diruthenium complex with a redox-active amine bridge has been designed, synthesized, and studied by single-crystal X-ray analysis and DFT and TDDFT calculations. It shows three well-separated redox processes with exclusive near-infrared (NIR) absorbance at each redox state. The electropolymerized film of a related vinyl-functionalized complex displays multistate NIR electrochromism with low operational potential, good contrast ratio, and long retention time. Flip-flop, flip-flap-flop, and ternary memories have been realized by using the obtained film (ca. 15-20 nm thick) with three electrochemical inputs and three NIR optical outputs that each displays three levels of signal intensity.
Interview with Dorothy Thompson (2000)

Research Article| May 01 2000 Interview with Dorothy Thompson Pamela J. Walker Pamela J. Walker Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Radical History Review (2000) 2000 (77): 4–19. https://doi.org/10.1215/01636545-2000-77-4 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Pamela J. Walker; Interview with Dorothy Thompson. Radical History Review 1 May 2000; 2000 (77): 4–19. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/01636545-2000-77-4 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter Books & JournalsAll JournalsRadical History Review Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 2000 by MARHO: The Radical Historians' Organization, Inc.2000 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Interview You do not currently have access to this content.
Amniotic membrane in surgery. (2003)

The first reported use of fetal membrane as skin substitute was by Davis in 1910. 1 In 1913, Salbella presented the first clinical report of successful use of amniotic membrane in the treatment of burns and skin ulcerations. 2 In 1940, DeRoth reported the use of amniotic membrane in the repair of conjuctival defects. From 1940 to 1965 a number of clinical trials of successful use of amniotic membrane for use in acute skin injuries appear in the literature. 3-7 However no practical methods of preparation, sterilization and storage were suggested and this fact seems to have limited the use of this modality prior to 1965. In 1965 Dino et al 8 demonstrated that amniotic membrane from routine deliveries could be sterilized and kept for six weeks at 4°C and safely used on acute second degree burns and on skin donor sites. This encouraging report stimulated great interest amongst clinicians and has resulted in numerous reports in the world literature documenting thousands of patients with successful healing of all kinds of skin lesions. Amnion is a thin, tough, transparent membrane. It is about 10-15 micrometer thick. It is made up of two membranes, the inner amniotic membrane and the outer chorion. Chorionic side of the membrane is rougher and mucinous. Amnion can easily be separated from chorion leave and placenta as far as the umbilical cord. Once separated, the amnion is found to be smooth and shining and much tougher and more elastic and easier to clean than the thicker chorion, which does not strip from the placenta. 1 1 The chorion, although thicker, is more easily torn because it is much less elastic. It is not entirely clear whether the amniotic membrane is primarily nourished by the amniotic fluid or diffusion from the chorion, but the presence of significant AlP and glycogen in the amniotic fluid suggests that the latter is the main source of nourishment of the amniotic membrane. 9