gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Tension-Type Headache (2001)

Despite tension-type headache represents one of the most frequent and costly diseases in modern society only very little research on this disease has actually been carried out. In contrast to former belief tension-type headache is a separate entity that can and should be separated from migraine. No specific biochemical abnormalities have yet been identified but a reliable human model of tension-type headache has been developed by means of infusion of a NO-donor, glyceryl trinitrate. Myofascial factors and peripheral sensitization of nociceptors play an important role in the episodic form, and central sensitization has been demonstrated in the chronic form. As chronic tension-type headache usually evolves from the episodic form, prevention and reversal of this central sensitization may be an important target for future pathophysiological studies and drug development.
A distributed application execution system for an infrastructure with dynamically configured networks (2012)

We have been developing a middleware suite called GridARS that enables co-allocation of computing and network resources from multiple administration sites. In such middleware, it is important to provide each user application with a slice which is a set of dynamically allocated resources distributed across sites. However, there are the following issues in constructing such a slice automatically: 1) multi-site administration heterogeneity, 2) dynamic determination of application configuration information, 3) distributed resource monitoring, and 4) asymmetric network reachability. We design and implement an application execution system that provides each application with a slice, that mimics a conventional computing cluster system over the dynamically allocated resources. From the demonstration of the proposed system on an emulated wide area network environment, we confirmed that: first, the proposed system can fully automate resource allocation, slice construction, application invocation, and resource monitoring, in coordination with GridARS. Second, the proposed system can setup a slice quickly, even if the allocated resources are widely distributed and their communication latencies are high. This is because the overhead for gathering and distributing contextualization information is small, and OS-level virtualization and stackable file system technologies accelerate the contextualization process at each node.
Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Potential as Novel Immunomodulatory Therapeutic Agents (2017)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, have been identified as mediators of a newly-discovered intercellular communication system. They are essential signaling mediators in various physiological and pathophysiological processes. Depending on their origin, they fulfill different functions. EVs of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been found to promote comparable therapeutic activities as MSCs themselves. In a variety of in vivo models, it has been observed that they suppress pro-inflammatory processes and reduce oxidative stress and fibrosis. By switching pro-inflammatory into tolerogenic immune responses, MSC-EVs very likely promote tissue regeneration by creating a pro-regenerative environment allowing endogenous stem and progenitor cells to successfully repair affected tissues. Accordingly, MSC-EVs provide a novel, very promising therapeutic agent, which has already been successfully applied to humans. However, the MSC-EV production process has not been standardized, yet. Indeed, a collection of different protocols has been used for the MSC-EV production, characterization and application. By focusing on kidney, heart, liver and brain injuries, we have reviewed the major outcomes of published MSC-EV in vivo studies.
Medical Treatment of Graves’ Orbitopathy (2015)

The medical treatment of Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is usually reserved to moderate to severe disease. Steroids have been widely employed and possess anti-inflammatory activity, but about 20-30% of patients are not responsive and about 20% present with disease recurrence. Immunosuppressive therapy alternative to corticosteroids may target the different antigens involved in pathogenic mechanisms of GO. Some have already been employed in clinical studies and showed interesting results, although the lack of randomized and controlled trials suggests caution for their use in clinical practice. Potential targets for therapy in GO are the TSH receptor and the IGF-1 receptor on the fibroblasts, inflammatory cytokines, B and T cells. Most promising results are obtained by interacting with the PIK3/mTORC1 signaling cascades for adipogenesis and the anti-IGF-1R with the monoclonal antibody teprotumumab. A recent open study has shown that tocilizumab, an anti-sIL-6R antibody, inactivates GO. Consistent reports on the efficacy of rituximab have recently been challenged by randomized controlled trials. Clinical practice will greatly benefit from the use of disease modifying agents in GO, as compared to steroids, currently standard treatment for GO. Among these, rituximab may be useful, especially in patients resistant to steroid or with contraindications to steroids. However, larger randomized controlled trials are needed for definitive data on the potential disease-modifying role of rituximab in GO. Direct targeting of the orbital fibroblast via immunosuppression or nonimmunosuppressive drugs is emerging as a promising alternative.
Frequency and time division duplex techniques for CDMA cellular radio (2002)

A time division duplex (TDD) technique for use in code division multiple access (CDMA) cellular radio systems is investigated and compared with the performance results for frequency division duplex (FDD) CDMA systems. The TDD base station measures the impulse response of the channel (on the uplink) and uses a matched filter to the channel. It then pre-matches the signal it wishes to transmit on the downlink since its impulse response is identical. This eliminates any channel matched filter operations in the mobile unit and so reduces its complexity, although the base station complexity is increased slightly. Results indicate that FDD techniques provide a higher cell capacity than the equivalent TDD techniques. The advantage of a reduction in mobile station complexity, by using TDD, is offset by the poor error rate and cell capacity performances found for high speed mobile operation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Facial complex expression recognition based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation (2010)

The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is a model proposed recently which extracts latent topics from text data. The paper uses the LDA model in facial expression recognition but not document recognition to excavate the distribution relations between the Action Unit (AU) and expressions. Using the LDA to set up a model between AU and the facial expression of distribution relations, we can use the LDA model to ensure the unknown category of expression sequence of proportion which belongs to six basic expressions. This is the first LDA-based solution to facial complex expression recognition. We have validated that the complex facial expression recognition based on the LDA model can be used and is reasonable.
Mechanisms of action of adrenocorticotropic hormone and other melanocortins relevant to the clinical management of patients with multiple sclerosis (2012)

The therapeutic benefits of adrenocorticotropic hormone in multiple sclerosis are usually ascribed to its corticotropic actions. Evidence is presented that adrenocorticotropic hormone, approved for multiple sclerosis relapses, acts via corticosteroid-independent melanocortin pathways to engender down-modulating actions on immune-system cells and the cytokines they synthesize. Immune response-dampening effects are also brought about by agent-induced neurotransmitters that inhibit immunocytes. The likelihood that adrenocorticotropic hormone promotes microglial quiescence and counteracts glucocorticoid-mediated bone resorption is discussed.
Performance Evaluation Of A Practical 248nm Wafer Stepper (1987)

Optical steppers are expected by many workers to be applicable to design rules below 0.5 micrometers. In 1986 workers at Bell Labs reported exposure of features below 0.5 micrometers using a GCA optical stepper, incorporating an excimer laser source and a refractive Tropel lens designed to operate at 248nm. In addition to a light source, lens, wafer chuck and stages, a practical wafer stepper must incorporate alignment systems, reticle and wafer handling and control systems. If the stepper is illuminated by an excimer laser, safety systems must also be provided for protection from laser light, toxic gasses, and high voltage. The system should also be configured to enhance usability and maintainablity. We will discuss the concept and performance of such a stepper system, with emphasis on the performance of lens and illuminator.
A population study of mutations and LOH at breast cancer gene loci in tumours from sister pairs: two recurrent mutations seem to account for all BRCA1/BRCA2 linked breast cancer in Iceland. (1998)

The majority of breast cancer in high risk families is believed to result from a mutation in either of two genes named BRCA1 and BRCA2. A germline defect in either gene is usually followed by chromosomal deletion of the normal allele in the tumour. In Iceland two recurrent mutations have been identified, 999del5 BRCA2 and G5193A BRCA1. In this study, randomly selected pairs of sisters diagnosed with breast cancer at the age of 60 years or younger were analysed to evaluate the proportion of breast cancer resulting from BRCA1 and BRCA2. Genotypes and allele loss in tumour tissue from 42 sister pairs were compared using markers within and around the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Eleven sister pairs were highly suggestive of BRCA2 linkage, and no obvious BRCA1 linkage was seen. Screening for the G5193A BRCA1 and 999del5 BRCA2 mutations showed the 999del5 mutation in the 11 BRCA2 suggestive pairs plus three pairs less indicative of linkage, and the G5193A BRCA1 mutation in one pair. When known mutation carriers are removed from the group, no indication of further linkage to BRCA1 or BRCA2 is seen. The results of our studies suggest that a large proportion of familial breast cancer in Iceland is the result of the 999del5 BRCA2 mutation, and it is unlikely that BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations other than 999del5 and G5193A play a significant role in hereditary breast cancer in Iceland. Furthermore it can be concluded that most families with BRCA1 or BRCA2 linkage are easily identified by studying LOH around the defective gene in as few as two affected relatives.
Development of a state-dependent dispatch rule using theory of constraints in near-real-world wafer fabrication (2002)

Wafer fabrication industries encounter challenging tasks to justify their performance among conflicting measures when making dispatch policy decisions. A state-dependent dispatch rule is developed to improve overall system performance, which consists of cycle time, work in process, throughput and due date performance. The theory of constraints is adopted as guiding principle to derive the state-dependent dispatch rule. Three state variables (machine utilization, machine queue length, and contention factor) and three dispatch rules (two boundary, shortest time to next visit, and fastest time for next visit) are considered to construct the dispatch rule. Response surface methodology is also applied to this study. A near-realworld fab model is developed to test the performance of the new rule. The simulation results show that the TOC-based state dependent dispatch rule improves four performance measures simultaneously.
Quantum Illumination (2008)

The use of entangled light to illuminate objects is shown to provide significant enhancements over unentangled light for detecting and imaging those objects in the presence of high levels of noise and loss. Each signal sent out is entangled with an ancilla, which is retained. Detection takes place via an entangling measurement on the returning signal together with the ancilla. Quantum illumination with e bits of entanglement increases the effective signal-to-noise ratio of detection and imaging by a factor of 2^e, an exponential improvement over unentangled illumination.
On the iterative decoding of multilevel codes (2001)

Iterative decoding of multilevel coded modulation is discussed. Despite its asymptotic optimality with proper design, the error correcting capability of multilevel codes may not be fully exploited for finite block length with conventional multistage decoding. This fact stems from the suboptimality of multistage decoding giving rise to increased error multiplicity at lower index stages and the associated error propagation to higher stages. Such problems can be overcome in many situations by introducing iterative decoding which often significantly compensates the suboptimality of a staged decoder. The class of multilevel codes achieving practically important bit-error performance near the Shannon limit becomes far wider with iterative decoding.
A 90-W Peak Power GaN Outphasing Amplifier With Optimum Input Signal Conditioning (2009)

A 90-W peak-power 2.14-GHz improved GaN outphasing amplifier with 50.5% average efficiency for wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA) signals is presented. Independent control of the branch amplifiers by two in-phase/quadrature modulators enables optimum outphasing and input power leveling, yielding significant improvements in gain, efficiency, and linearity. In deep-power backoff operation, the outphasing angle of the branch amplifiers is kept constant below a certain power level. This results in class-B operation for the very low output power levels, yielding less reactive loading of the output stages, and therefore, improved efficiency in power backoff operation compared to the classical outphasing amplifiers. Based on these principles, the optimum design parameters and input signal conditioning are discussed. The resulting theoretical maximum achievable average efficiency for W-CDMA signals is presented. Experimental results support the foregoing theory and show high efficiency over a large bandwidth, while meeting the linearity specifications using low-cost low-complexity memoryless pre-distortion. These properties make this amplifier concept an interesting candidate for future multiband base-station implementations.
Superhydrophobic surface enhanced Raman scattering sensing using Janus particle arrays realized by site-specific electrochemical growth (2013)

Site-specific electrochemical deposition is used to prepare polystyrene (PS)-Ag Janus particle arrays with superhydrophobic properties. The analyte molecules can be significantly enriched using the superhydrophobic property of the PS-Ag Janus particle array before SERS detections, enabling an extremely sensitive detection of molecules in a highly diluted solution (<i>e.g.</i>, femtomolar level). This superhydrophobic surface enhanced Raman scattering sensing concept described here is of critical significance in biosensing and bioanalysis. Most importantly, the site-specific electrochemical growth method we developed here is a versatile approach that can be used to prepare Janus particle arrays with different properties for various applications.
Fates of visual cortical neurons in the ferret after isochronic and heterochronic transplantation (1988)

In the mammalian cerebral cortex, neurons in a given layer are generated at about the same time in development. These cells also tend to share similar sets of morphological and physiological properties and have projection patterns characteristic of that layer. This correspondence between the birthday and eventual fate of a cortical neuron suggests the possibility that the commitment of a cell to a particular laminar position and set of connections may occur very early on in cortical development. The experiments described here constitute an attempt to manipulate the fates of newly generated cortical neurons upon transplantation. The first set of experiments addressed the normal development of neurons in the primary visual cortex (area 17) of the ferret. Injections of 3H-thymidine into newborn ferrets showed that neurons generated after birth are destined to sit in layer 2/3 of the cortex, whereas neurons born on embryonic day (E) 32 populate primarily layers 5 and 6. Many layer 2/3 neurons in adult ferrets could be retrogradely labeled with HRP from visual cortical areas 18 and 19, while about half of the neurons in layer 6 were found to project to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). In the second set of experiments, presumptive layer 2/3 cells were labeled in vivo by injecting ferrets with 3H-thymidine on P1 and P2. Before the cells had a chance to migrate, they were removed from the donor brain, incubated in a fluorescent dye (DAPI or fast blue), and dissociated into a single-cell suspension. The labeled cells were then transplanted into the proliferative zone of a littermate host ferret ("isochronic" transplants). Over the next few weeks, many of these dye-labeled cells underwent changes in their position and morphology that were consistent with a radially directed migration and subsequent differentiation into cortical neurons. The final positions of isochronically transplanted neurons in the host brain were mapped out by using the 3H-thymidine marker after long survival periods. About 97% of radioactively labeled cells had migrated out into the visual cortex, where they attained a compact laminar distribution: 99% were found in layer 2/3, their normal destination. The labeled cells had normal, mostly pyramidal neuronal morphologies and appeared to be well integrated with host neurons when viewed in Nissl-stained sections. Ten isochronically transplanted neurons were successfully labeled after HRP injection into 2 normal target regions, areas 18 and 19.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Tiếp cận bài toán tìm kiếm và loại bỏ các sai số thô trong dữ liệu dị thường trọng lực khi xây dựng cơ sở dữ liệu dị thường trọng lực theo phương pháp kriging tổng quát (2015)

Bài toán nội suy xác định các giá trị dị thường trọng lực tại các đỉnh của các ô chuẩn trong CSDL dị thường trọng lực quốc gia từ các giá trị dị thường trọng lực trên các điểm trọng lực là bài toán khoa học - kỹ thuật rất phức tạp. Hiện nay phương pháp kriging tổng quát đang được sử dụng để giải quyết bài toán nêu trên. Tuy nhiên, việc xác định một cách tin cậy các hệ số của mô hình trên đòi hỏi phải tiến hành phát hiện và tìm kiếm các trị đo thô trong các dữ liệu dị thường trọng lực. Bài báo khoa học này đề xuất sử dụng thuật toán truy hồi T-T để giải quyết hiệu quả vấn đề phát hiện và tìm kiếm các trị đo thô trong các dữ liệu dị thường trọng lực.
NETosis in Autoimmune Diseases (2016)

Neutrophils are the major antimicrobial cells of the innate immune system, which are recruited rapidly to the sites of infection and provide the primary defense against pathogens. Recent evidence suggests that neutrophils undergo a distinct cell death mechanism called NETosis, which not only contributes to the host defense, but also leads to severe pathological immune responses in cases of dysregulation. Here, we review the general features of NETosis as well as the generation of autoantigens and damage-associated molecular patterns by NETosis in autoimmune diseases. This review discusses the pathogenic role of NETosis in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, where neutrophils may play a key role in the pathogenesis of these diseases, and suggest the possibility of neutrophil extracellular traps as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
Incorporation of Amino Acids into Food Proteins by Transglutaminase (1981)

Journal Article Incorporation of Amino Acids into Food Proteins by Transglutaminase Get access Koji Ikura, Koji Ikura Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Masaaki Yoshikawa, Masaaki Yoshikawa Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ryuzo Sasaki, Ryuzo Sasaki Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hideo Chiba Hideo Chiba Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 45, Issue 11, 1 November 1981, Pages 2587–2592, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1981.10864924 Published: 01 November 1981 Article history Received: 25 May 1981 Published: 01 November 1981
INFLUENCIA DE LA CONCENTRACIÓN DE AZÚCARES REDUCTORES TOTALES DE “CÁSCARA” DE COFFEA ARABICA L. EN LA PRODUCCIÓN DE PROTEÍNA UNICELULAR DE CANDIDA UTILIS VAR. MAJOR (2015)

Resumen Se determino la influencia de la concentracion de azucares reductores totales de “cascara” de Coffea arabica L. var. catimor en la produccion de proteina unicelular de Candida utilis var. major . Se diseno un biorreactor tipo tanque agitado de 16 cm de altura, con turbina Rushton. El inoculo fue preparado a partir de una cepa de Candida utilis var. major , el medio de cultivo fue elaborado a partir de diluciones de azucares reductores totales (ART) extraidos de “cascara” de Coffea arabica L . var. catimor desde 5 hasta 35 g/L en intervalos de cada 5 unidades. El bioproceso de fermentacion aerobica se llevo a cabo a 25 +/-3 oC; a pH de 5,0-5,5 y durante un periodo de 50 horas. Se encontro que la biomasa y la productividad aumentan progresivamente desde 1 hasta 14 g/L y desde 0,02 hasta 0,28 g/L.h respectivamente, tal como se incrementa la concentracion de ART de cascara de Coffea arabica var. catimor . A la concentracion de 20 g/L de ART, se alcanzo el rendimiento maximo (55,19 %) de Candida utilis var. major , muy cercano al rendimiento teorico de 56,79 %. Se concluye que el incremento de la concentracion de azucares reductores de cascara de Coffea arabica var. catimor influye significativamente aumentado la produccion de proteina unicelular de Candida utilis var. major . Palabras clave : proteina unicelular, azucares reductores totales, Candida utilis, Coffea arabica, bioproceso. Abstract The influence of the concentration of total reducing sugars of “shell” of Coffea arabica L. var. catimor in the production of single-cell protein of Candida utilis var. major was determined. A stirred tank bioreactor of 16 cm height with Rushton turbine was designed. The preparation of the inoculum was carried out starting from Candida utilis var. major , the culture medium was elaborated from dilutions of total reducing sugar (TRS) extracted from “shell” of Coffea arabica var. catimor from 5 up to 35 g/L in intervals of every 5 units. The bioprocess of aerobic fermentation was carried out to 25 +/-3 oC; to pH of 5.0-5.5 and during a period of 50 hours. It was found that the biomass and the productivity increase progressively from 1 up to 14 g/L and from 0.02 up to 0.28 g/L.h respectively, as increases the concentration of TRS of shell of Coffea arabica var. catimor . To the concentration of 20 g/L of TRS, it was reached the maximum performance (55.19 %) of Candida utilis var. major , very near to the theoretical performance of 56.79 %. In conclusion, the increase of the concentration of total reducing sugars of shell of Coffea arabica var. catimor influences significantly in the increase of the production of single-cell protein of Candida utilis var. major . Keywords: single-cell protein, total reducing sugars, Candida utilis, Coffea arabica , bioprocess.