gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Left Ventricular Ejection Time by Densitometry in Patients at Rest and During Exercise, Atrial Pacing and Atrial Fibrillation (1974)

A comparison of left ventricular ejection time (LVET) measured directly from the central aortic pressure tracing (CAPT) and a densitogram recording was carried out in 39 patients during diagnostic cardiac catheterization. The correlation coefficient between the LVET derived from the CAPT and densitogram of 32 patients while at rest was 0.974 with a standard deviation from regression ( sdr ) of 6.2 msec. Sequential LVETs were analyzed in two patients during atrial pacing, three patients during exercise and three patients with atrial fibrillation. Correlation coefficients were 0.981, 0.951 and 0.974 with sdrs of 5.3, 6.2 and 6.7 msec respectively. Assuming LVET from the CAPT to be error free, the over-all error of estimating LVET by densitogram was less than 5% for over 95% of the measurements. The largest mean difference between CAPT and densitogram derived LVETs was present during atrial pacing and corresponds to an error of less than 2% of the average LVET for the group. We conclude that densitometry is a practical and reliable noninvasive method for LVET measurements in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions.
Development of an e-core read-only memory (1965)

Electronic memories in data processing equipment can be divided into two categories. In the first category are easily alterable memories such as ferrite core matrices, ultrasonic delay lines and thin films. These are used for temporary storage of information, for example, the program of instructions for a particular calculation, initial data and intermediate results. In the second category are fixed or "read-only" memories used to store information that is seldom, if ever, changed. Writing the information into these memories is part of the manufacturing process, and in order to change it one has either to replace a part of the memory or to alter its construction in some way.
Comparison of Serum IgA and IgG Antibodies for Detecting Helicobacter pylori Infection (2004)

Since some patients have IgA positive but IgG negative results, great care should be taken not to underestimate the prevalence of H. pylori infection from the results of IgG serology.
Physics with Relativistic Heavy Ions: QGP and other Delicacies (1995)

Conditions favorable to formation and observation of a deconfined state of quarks and gluons (often called the quark-gluon plasma) are thought to exist following the collision of very heavy nuclei at center-of-mass energies exceeding several tens of GeV/nucleon. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider under construction at BNL since 1991 is designed to provide such collisions at energies up to {radical}s/A = 200 GeV. Two large dedicated experiments are being built to operate there; these two experiments take rather different approaches to the problem of classifying such collisions and probing for signals of QGP formation. Two smaller experiments are proposed to focus on specific aspects of these collisions. Recent developments in the understanding of the initial state formed in such collisions include, particularly, the possible rapid equilibration of the gluon density, leading in an equilibrium picture to such high temperatures that sizable thermal excitation of charm becomes probable. Recent theoretical conjectures have focussed on the possible formation of a disordered chiral condensate following chiral symmetry restoration in heavy-nucleus collisions, which might be a consequence of nonequilibrium deexcitation of a dense partonic state.
Flat Panel Light-Emitting Sounder Using Thin-Film EL Devices with a Ceramic Insulating Layer (1990)

Sound emission has been achieved from an EL device consisting of a ZnS:Mn thin-film phosphor and a thick piezoelectric BaTiO 3 ceramic insulator. The BaTiO 3 ceramic, serving not only as the insulating layer of the EL device but also as the substrate, functioned as the sounder. A high sound pressure level as well as a high luminance was obtained in the device driven with audio-frequency voltages: above 90 dB in a flat panel speaker composed of four sound-emitting EL devices with a maximum luminance of 8000 cd/m 2 . Test results have shown that the sound emission is related to the electroluminescence.
Patterning control budgets for the 32-nm generation incorporating lithography, design, and RET variations (2007)

An important outcome of the 90nm and 65nm device generations was the realization that new methods for predicting and controlling patterning were required to ensure successful transfer for all design rule compliant features through the required process window. This realization led to a strong increase in the use of CD-based and process window aware post-optical proximity correction (OPC) verification in production mask tapeouts. Accurate post-OPC verification is a necessity but many patterning issues could have been detected and removed earlier in the product development lifecycle. Of course, the 45nm and 32nm device generations are only expected to further strain the ability of device manufacturers to predict process control requirements, robust patterning design rules and first-time right reticle enhancement technology (RET) recipes. Therefore, improvements to the traditional process, OPC and design rule prediction/evaluation steps are needed. In this paper we propose a patterning and CD control prediction methodology which incorporates not only the traditional dose, defocus and mask variation parameters but also implements RET parameter variations such as layout edge discretization, model inaccuracy, metrology error and assist feature placement. This methodology allows a more accurate prediction of process control requirements, worst case CD control layout geometries and RET subsystem accuracy/control requirements. Lithography engineers have long operated with specific (if not always fully understood) dose and focus control success requirements. To efficiently determine real worst design situations, we utilize a new methodology for quickly verifying the RET-ability of a lithography process + design rule set + OPC correction recipe based on coupling iterative layout generation with OPC testing. Our aim in this paper is to provide additional engineering rigor to the traditional experience-based OPC success requirements by looking at the total Litho + RET + metrology patterning problem and analyzing the individual component control needs.
Time-multiplexed autostereoscopic flat panel display using an optical wedge (2005)

Time multiplexed autostereoscopic displays are often associated with complex optics design and have not yet been made in a flat panel format. The reason is mainly because the high bandwidth image sources are not available as flat panel displays. The optical Wedge® developed at Cambridge University compresses the optics into a single flat waveguide, which allows for a flat panel time multiplexed autostereoscopic display. By using an active shutter synchronized with a custom built high frame rate DLP light engine we suggest two approaches for creating a flat panel 3D display. The limitations on size are purely limited by the shutter size. However, we also suggest a solution where a small shutter can be used to create a large sized display.
The perspective view of three points (1991)

The perspective view of three noncollinear points whose image-to-object correspondence is known is studied. Such measurements are known to be ambiguous, resulting in as many as four possible solutions to the perspective three-point problem. Although there can be four solutions, it is quite often the case that there are triangle configurations that cause one, two, three, or four solutions. The results also provide a justification for the common wisdom that there are usually two solutions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Preparation and barrier properties of the microcapsules added nanoclays in the wall (2008)

Abstract Preparation of microcapsules applied to the fabrication of self‐healing composites has attracted a lot of attention. However, the leakage of core material from the microcapsule is a major problem in self‐healing microcapsules. Proper dispersion of layered silicates within the wall of microcapsule is a strategy for improving the barrier properties of the microcapsule. In the present study, poly(urea‐formaldehyde) (PUF) microcapsules containing dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) were prepared by in situ polymerization. For the preparation of UF/clay nanocomposite microcapsules, acid‐modified montmorillonite (H‐MMT) was used as an effective catalyst for the condensation of urea and formaldehyde, and the condensation polymerization in the galleries resulted in the delamination of the clay, as confirmed by TEM and XRD analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was applied to observe the morphology of the microcapsules and the barrier property of microcapsules was investigated by thermal gravimetry (TG) analysis and mass release method. On comparison with conventional microcapsules (CMs), nanocomposite microcapsules (NCMs) have better barrier property. This can be attributed to the nanocomposite structure of the microcapsules, where nanosized montmorillonite dispersed in UF to decrease the core material cross‐over. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biofeedback and Virtual Environments (2011)

This paper explains potential benefits of indirect biofeedback used within interactive virtual environments, and reflects on an earlier study that allowed for the dynamic modification of a virtual environment's graphic shaders, music and artificial intelligence, based on the biofeedback of the player. The aim was to determine which augmented effects aided or discouraged engagement in the game. Conversely, biofeedback can help calm down rather than stress participants, and attune them to different ways of interacting within a virtual environment. Other advantages of indirect biofeedback might include increased personalization, thematic object creation, atmospheric augmentation, filtering of information, and tracking of participants' understanding and engagement. Such features may help designers create more intuitive virtual environments with more thematically appropriate interaction while reducing cognitive loading on the participants. Another benefit would be more engaged clients with a better understanding of the richness and complexity of a digital environment.
Structural Changes of the Cry1Ac Oligomeric Pre-Pore from<i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i>Induced by<i>N</i>-Acetylgalactosamine Facilitates Toxin Membrane Insertion (2006)

The primary action of Cry toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis is to lyse midgut epithelial cells in their target insect by forming lytic pores. The toxin-receptor interaction is a complex process, involving multiple interactions with different receptor and carbohydrate molecules. It has been proposed that Cry1A toxins sequentially interact with a cadherin receptor, leading to the formation of a pre-pore oligomer structure, and that the oligomeric structure binds to glycosylphosphatidyl-inositol-anchored aminopeptidase-N (APN) receptor. The Cry1Ac toxin specifically recognizes the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) carbohydrate present in the APN receptor from Manduca sexta larvae. In this work, we show that the Cry1Ac pre-pore oligomer has a higher binding affinity with APN than the monomeric toxin. The effects of GalNAc binding on the toxin structure were studied in the monomeric Cry1Ac, in the soluble pre-pore oligomeric structure, and in its membrane inserted state by recording the fluorescence status of the tryptophan (W) residues. Our results indicate that the W residues of Cry1Ac have a different exposure to the solvent when compared with that of the closely related Cry1Ab toxin. GalNAc binding specifically affects the exposure of W545 in the pre-pore oligomer in contrast to the monomer where GalNAc binding did not affect the fluorescence of the toxin. These results indicate a subtle conformational change in the GalNAc binding pocket in the pre-pore oligomer that could explain the increased binding affinity of the Cry1Ac pre-pore to APN. Although our analysis did not reveal major structural changes in the pore-forming domain I upon GalNAc binding, it showed that sugar interaction enhanced membrane insertion of soluble pre-pore oligomeric structure. Therefore, the data presented here permits to propose a model in which the interaction of Cry1Ac pre-pore oligomer with APN receptor facilitates membrane insertion and pore formation.
Sulphonation of dehydroepiandrosterone and neurosteroids: molecular cloning, expression, and functional characterization of a novel zebrafish SULT2 cytosolic sulphotransferase (2003)

By searching the zebrafish EST (expressed-sequence tag) database, we have identified two partial cDNA clones encoding the 5' and 3' regions of a putative zebrafish sulphotransferase (ST). Using the reverse transcription-PCR technique, a full-length cDNA encoding this zebrafish ST was successfully cloned. Sequence analysis revealed that this novel zebrafish ST displays 44%, 43% and 40% amino acid identity with mouse SULT2B1, human SULT2B1b and human SULT2A1 ST respectively. This zebrafish ST therefore appears to belong to the SULT2 cytosolic ST gene family. Recombinant zebrafish ST, expressed using the pGEX-2TK prokaryotic expression system and purified from transformed Escherichia coli cells, migrated as a 34 kDa protein upon SDS/PAGE. Purified zebrafish ST displayed a strong sulphonating activity toward DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone), with a optimum pH of 9.5. The enzyme also exhibited activities toward several neurosteroids with differential K(m) and V(max) values. A thermostability experiment revealed the enzyme to be relatively stable over a temperature range between 20 degrees C and 43 degrees C. Among ten different divalent metal cations tested, Fe2+ and Cd(2+ exhibited small, but significant, stimulatory effects, whereas Hg2+ and Cu2+ displayed considerably stronger inhibitory effects on the DHEA-sulphonating activity of the enzyme. These results constitute the first study on the molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of a zebrafish cytosolic SULT2 ST.
Internal Adduct Formation of Active Intramolecular C<sub>4</sub>-bridged Frustrated Phosphane/Borane Lewis Pairs (2014)

The tetramethylene-bridged PMes2/B(C6F5)2 frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) 8 was prepared by hydroboration of Mes2P-(CH2)2CH═CH2 with HB(C6F5)2. It is an active FLP that splits dihydrogen under mild conditions and, consequently, serves as a metal-free hydrogenation catalyst for a variety of substrates. It also reacts typically with terminal acetylenes. The C4-bridged FLP 23 was prepared by HB(C6F5)2 hydroboration of 1-dimesitylphosphino-2-vinylferrocene. It represents a rare example of a FLP where the equilibrium between the open form and the closed internal P/B adduct form is experimentally observable. It also shows a variety of typical FLP reactions, including dihydrogen splitting. The FLPs 8 and 23 (open form) and many precursors and products were characterized by X-ray diffraction.
Iron and Cobalt Ethylene Polymerization Catalysts:  Variations on the Central Donor (2003)

Three classes of ligands, designed to explore the effect of variations on the central pyridine donor core in bis(imino)pyridine iron and cobalt ethylene polymerization catalysts of the general formula [LMCl(2)] (M = Fe or Co), have been prepared. The first class comprises six-membered N-heterocycles (pyrimidine and triazine) and the second class five-membered heterocycles (furan and thiophene) as the central donor core. In the third class of ligands, the imine donor arm has been extended by one carbon to give anionic tridentate ligands based on carbazole and neutral analogues based on dibenzofuran and dibenzothiophene. The coordination behavior of these ligands upon reaction with FeCl(2) or CoCl(2) has been investigated, whereby only in the case of the neutral pyrimidine or the anionic carbazolide unit as the central donor core have stable complexes been obtained. Ethylene polymerization results are compared with the parent bis(imino)pyridine iron and cobalt catalyst systems.
Copper(II)-Promoted Regioselective Synthesis of 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazoles in Water (2006)

A high-yielding synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole with cheaply available Cu(OAc)2 without any additional reducing agents is ­explored, which provides an exclusive 1,4-regioselectivity at ­ambient conditions in an environmentally benign solvent - water.
Investigation of the Touschek Effect in VUV Electron Storage Ring (1985)

The lifetime of stored electron beam current due to the Touschek effect was studied experimentally in the SOR-RING, a 400 MeV electron storage ring. From the measurement of the beam size and the lifetime, it is found that the theoretical expression of the lifetime is quite accurate for a flat beam, but some corrections are necessary for a round beam.
MMSE decision-feedback equalizers and coding. I. Equalization results (1995)

The minimum mean-squared-error decision-feedback equalizer (MMSE-DFE) has properties that suggest that it is a canonical equalization structure for systems that combine equalization with coded modulation. The structure and performance of the MMSE-DFE are succinctly derived using linear-estimation-theoretic principles in this first part of this two-part paper. The front-end of the MMSE-DFE, called the "mean-square whitened matched filter" (MS-WMF), is preferable in some ways to a matched filter or a whitened matched filter as a canonical receiver front end. In a coded system, the feedback filter of the MMSE-DFE may be implemented in the transmitter using precoding. The MMSE-DFE can perform significantly better than a zero-forcing decision-feedback equalizer, particularly at moderate-to-low SNR's and on severe-ISI channels. The MMSE-DFE is biased. The optimum unbiased MMSE-DFE is the MMSE-DFE with the bias removed. Removing bias improves error probability, but reduces the SNR to SNR/sub MMSE-DFE,U/=SNR/sub MMSE-DFE/-1. It is shown that this SNR relationship is a particular case of a very general result and that SNR/sub MMSE-DFE,U/ gives a more realistic estimate of SNR. The results are extended to partial response equalization and to equalization with correlated inputs in an appendix.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Neutrophils activated by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor express receptors for interleukin-3 which mediate class II expression (1995)

Freshly isolated peripheral blood neutrophils, unlike monocytes and eosinophils, do not bind interleukin-3 (IL-3) or respond to IL-3). We show that neutrophils cultured for 24 hours in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) express mRNA for the IL-3 receptor (R) alpha subunit, as shown by RNase protection assays, and IL-3R alpha chain protein, as shown by cytometric analysis using two different specific monoclonal antibodies. This effect was selective for GM-CSF, because granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, and IL-1 failed to induce the IL-3 receptor. Saturation binding curves with 125I-IL-3 and Scatchard transformation showed the presence of about 100 high-affinity and 4,000 low-affinity receptors. Because neutrophils have been shown to express human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR in response to GM-CSF, we examined the possibility that IL-3 could augment HLA-DR expression on GM-CSF-treated cells. We found that neutrophils incubated with 30 ng/mL IL-3 as well as 0.1 ng/mL GM-CSF expressed a mean of 2.1-fold higher levels of HLA-DR than with GM-CSF alone (P < .005), confirming the signaling competence of the newly expressed IL-3R. This increase was seen even at maximal concentrations of GM-CSF and IL-3 can have an additive effect on mature human cells. The augmentation of HLA-DR by IL-3 was specific because it could be inhibited by a blocking anti-IL-3R antibody. Expression of class II molecules by neutrophils under these conditions may have significance for antigen presentation. These results provide further evidence for the role of GM-CSF as an amplification factor in inflammation by inducing neutrophil responsiveness to IL-3 produced by T cells or mast cells.
Perfil antropométrico de adolescentes participantes de um projeto de escolinha de voleibol de Curitiba (2012)

Profile anthropometric of participant adolescents of a project of school of volleyball of Curitiba
A saturated saltwater drilling fluid based on salt-responsive polyampholytes (2019)

Based on special antipolyelectrolyte effect of zwitterion polymer with same quantity of anionic and cationic charges, we developed two types of salt-responsive polyampholytes, one with high molecular weight and low charge density (HvL) and the other with low molecular weight and high charge density (LvH), by inverse emulsion polymerization. Molecular structure and salt-responsiveness of them were characterized by 1H-NMR and rheology measurement, respectively. HvL and LvH were evaluated in saturated-salt bentonite suspension and influences of their ratio on apparent viscosity and fluid loss were investigated as well. The results indicate that HvL is better at decreasing fluid loss while LvH is better at maintaining low viscosity. A saturated saltwater drilling fluid centering on HvL and LvH with simple formula was designed and applied. It is indicated that salt-responsive polyampholytes are fundamentally better than AM-AMPS anionic copolymer and AM-AMPS-DMDAAC amphoteric copolymer. The saturated saltwater drilling fluid has excellent thermal stability, tolerance to bentonite and shale cuttings, and certain resistance to CaCl2. Salt-responsive polyampholytes can be used in KCl-saturated drilling fluid, with universal adaptability.
Quartz Crystal Fabrication Facility. (1977)

The specification objectives for a high production, in line, ultrahigh vacuum, precision crystal unit final processing system now being constructed are reviewed. Design features of the system including methods for ultraviolet cleaning, bakeout, plating and sealing of crystal units having ceramic flat pack enclosures in an oilfree, cryogenic vacuum system are outlined. Entrance and exit air lock chambers and transports provide means to maintain the critical process chambers at high vacuum continuously. Experimentation to develop and prove several process modules being incorporated into the final system is described and initial results reported. Emphasis is placed on simplicity of design, operational reliability, modular interchangeability, cleanliness, and future automation aspects. (Author)
A Survey to Guide Group Key Protocol Development (2008)

A large number of papers have proposed cryptographic protocols for establishing secure group communication. These protocols allow a set of group members to exchange or establish keys to encrypt and authenticate messages within the group. At the same time, individuals outside of the group cannot eavesdrop on group communication or inject messages. There have even been usability studies, demonstrating an average user can successfully complete some of these protocols. However, group protocols are rarely used in the real world. In this work, we conduct a survey to help uncover why the general population ignores such mechanisms for group communication. We also try to determine what protocols would best match respondents' current expectations for group protocols and methods for establishing trust. Survey results indicate that a group protocol that leverages location-limited channels, PKI, or Web-of-Trust authenticated public keys and allows addition and deletion of members fulfills the majority of users' expectations.