gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systematic investigation of single- and multi-mode operation in vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers (2014)

We systematically study the single- and multi-mode emission of vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VECSELs) using streak camera measurements and interferometric measurement techniques. In all experiments, the VECSEL chip is based on (GaIn)As multi-quantum wells as active medium designed for laser emission around 1010 nm. The emission is analyzed in dependence of the pump power, employing two resonator designs as well as different output couplers. We monitor the evolution of emission bandwidth and show that in our setups a stable two-color lasing –with both lasing intensities sharing the same gain region on the chip– is related to a sufficiently high number of longitudinal modes participating in the laser emission.
Novel elevated silicide source/drain (ESSOD) by load-lock LPCVD-Si and advanced silicidation processing (2002)

The Si epitaxial growth layer on the active region was formed selectively under the low temperature condition of 620/spl deg/C without a conventional SEG system. This technology was achieved using the conventional low-temperature "Load-Lock LPCVD-Si" deposition system and selective etching with HNO/sub 3/, CH/sub 3/COOH and HF based solutions. Low resistive and low leakage shallow n/sup +p and p/sup +n junctions were realized by the E_levated S_ilicide So_urce/D_rain (ESSOD) structure using this technology. Furthermore, contact resistances of about 2.0/spl sim/3.O/spl Omega/ were obtained for 0.35/spl mu/m diameter with A_l-plug/c_ollimated Ti/TiN/Ti/T_i-silicide/e_pitaxial-Si c_ontact (ACTEC) structure on both n/sup +/- and p/sup +/-ESSOD regions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mobile wireless system interworking with 3g and packet aggregation for wireless lan (2004)

This research considered the efficient transmission of data within a wireless local area network (WLAN) system. A simulation model was developed to study the performance of our protocol, AGG-MAC (aggregated medium access control). AGG-MAC is a simple and elegant medium access control (MAC) protocol designed to improve performance by transmitting a maximal quantity of data with minimal overhead. Our enhancement to IEEE 802.11, AGG-MAC yields dramatic improvements in both local and global throughput. It furthermore reduces jitter in support of real time communications requirements such as voice over IP (VoIP). In support of heterogeneous roaming between Third Generation (3G) Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), specifically Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and WLAN systems, we constructed a simulation environment which allowed the evaluation of AGG-MAC in such a system. We further demonstrated the suitability of AGG-MAC throughout a range of infrastructure and ad hoc based WLAN scenarios. The AGG-MAC protocol enhancement provides significant performance improvements across a range of wireless applications, while interoperating with standard IEEE 802.11 stations. Performance is commensurate to original WLAN MAC performance for applications that do not benefit from packet level aggregation. The key contributions of this research were two-fold. First was the development of an OPNET simulation environment suitable for evaluation of future protocols supporting tightly coupled, heterogeneous WLAN and 3G systems. Secondly was the implementation and testing of the AGG-MAC protocol which aggregates suboptimal size packets together into a single frame, thereby amortizing the overhead.
Direct absorption measurement of the spin–orbit splitting and 2<i>P</i>1/2 radiative lifetime in atomic fluorine (2<i>p</i>5) (1980)

We report the first direct measurement of the fluorine atom ground state fine structure transition. The transition was measured by diode laser absorption spectroscopy. The position of the (J=3/2, F=2)→(J=1/2, F=1) absorption line was measured with high precision relative to a pure rotational transition in H2O, establishing the fine structure energy splitting as 404.082 cm−1 ±0.025. The measured transition probability for the hyperfine component is 1.26×10−3 s−1 (±25%), yielding a radiative lifetime of 660 s for the 2P1/2 fine structure level.
Supporting efficient execution in heterogeneous distributed computing environments with cactus and globus (2001)

Improvements in the performance of processors and networks make it both feasible and interesting to treat collections of workstations, servers, clusters, and supercomputers as integrated computational resources, or Grids. However, the highly heterogeneous and dynamic nature of such Grids can make application development difficult. Here we describe an architecture and prototype implementation for a Grid-enabled computational framework based on Cactus, the MPICH-G2 Grid-enabled message-passing library, and a variety of specialized features to support efficient execution in Grid environments. We have used this framework to perform record-setting computations in numerical relativity, running across four supercomputers and achieving scaling of 88% (1140 CPU's) and 63% (1500 CPUs). The problem size we were able to compute was about five times larger than any other previous run. Further, we introduce and demonstrate adaptive methods that automatically adjust computational parameters during run time, to increase dramatically the efficiency of a distributed Grid simulation, without modification of the application and without any knowledge of the underlying network connecting the distributed computers.
A Comparison of Amount and Speed of Deposition Between the PARI LC STAR <sup>®</sup> Jet Nebulizer and an Investigational eFlow <sup>®</sup> Nebulizer (2011)

In conclusion the investigational eFlow(®) was both faster and more efficient than the LC STAR(®).
Molecular Nanoworm with PCL Core and PEO Shell as a Non‐spherical Carrier for Drug Delivery (2012)

Core/shell wormlike polymer brushes with densely grafted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PCL-b-PEO) are synthesized via grafting an alkynyl terminated PCL-b-PEO (ay-PCL(17) -b-PEO(113) ) onto a well-defined azido functionalized polymethacrylate (PGA(940) ) and are evaluated preliminarily as a single molecular cylindrical vehicle for drug delivery. Water soluble molecular worms of ca. 230 nm are obtained and then the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) is loaded into its PCL core by hydrophobic interaction. Compared with spherical micelles from linear PCL(17) -b-PEO(113) , the brushes demonstrate a lower loading efficiency but a faster release rate of DOX. Confocal laser scanning microscopy measurements show that DOX-loaded cylindrical molecular brushes can easily enter into HeLa and HepG2 cells in 1 h.
Porous silicon layers and its oxide for the silicon-on-insulator structure (1986)

Crystalline properties of Si films grown on porous Si layers were investigated. Based on the results obtained by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, a model of Si epitaxial growth on a porous Si layer is proposed. In our model dominant defects in the region near the epitaxial layer/porous Si interface and in the one near the surface in the epitaxial layer are dislocations and stacking faults, respectively. The oxidation rate of the porous Si layers is about 80–130× faster than that of the bulk Si, and the etching rate of the oxidized porous Si layers is almost equal to that of the bulk oxide. The effective dielectric constants of the oxidized porous Si layers have a close relation to the anodic current density, ranging from 3.8 to 4.0.
Identification, Cloning, and Expression of the CAMP factor gene ( <i>cfa</i> ) of Group A Streptococci (1999)

The CAMP reaction is a synergistic lysis of erythrocytes by the interaction of an extracellular protein (CAMP factor) produced by some streptococcal species with the Staphylococcus aureus sphingomyelinase C (beta-toxin). Group A streptococci (GAS [Streptococcus pyogenes]) have been long considered CAMP negative, and this reaction commonly has been used to distinguish GAS from Streptococcus agalactiae. We here provide evidence that GAS possess this gene and produce an extracellular CAMP factor capable of participating in a positive CAMP reaction. The S. pyogenes CAMP factor is specified by a 774-bp open reading frame homologous to the CAMP factor genes from S. agalactiae and Streptococcus uberis. This gene, designated cfa, was isolated on a 1,256-bp fragment and cloned in Escherichia coli. Recombinant clones of E. coli expressing cfa secreted an active CAMP factor. The deduced 28.5-kDa protein encoded by cfa consists of 257 amino acids, with a predicted 28-amino-acid signal peptide. The cfa gene is widely spread among GAS: 82 of 100 clinical GAS isolates produced a positive CAMP reaction. Of the CAMP-negative strains, 17 of the 18 GAS strains contained the cfa gene. Additionally, CAMP activity was detected in streptococci from serogroups C, M, P, R, and U. The cfa gene was cloned and actively expressed in Escherichia coli and gene fusions were made, placing the beta-galactosidase gene (lacZ) under control of the cfa promoter. These cfa promoter-lacZ fusions were introduced into S. pyogenes via a bacteriophage-derived site-specific integration vector where they showed that the cfa gene has a strong promoter that may be subject to as-yet-unidentified regulatory factors. The results presented here, along with previous reports, indicate that the CAMP factor gene is fairly widespread among streptococci, being present at least in groups A, B, C, G, M, P, R, and U.
Modélisation par réseaux bayésiens du processus de fiabilisation de produits - Application à l'automobile (2003)

National audience
Characterization of optical diffraction gratings by use of a neural method (2002)

Optical scatterometry by use of a neural network is now recognized as an efficient method for retrieving dimensions of gratings in semiconductors or glasses. For an on-line control, a small number of measurements and a rapid data treatment are needed. We demonstrate that these requirements can be met by combining data preprocessing and a proper neural learning method. A good accuracy is attainable with the measurement of only a few orders, even in the presence of experimental errors, with a reduction in learning and computing time.
Research and Implementation of System of Service Online Migration System (2007)

System of service online migration (SOM) is researched and implemented. Capability of disaster recovery can be provided with specified strategy while the implementing service of the production center does not be interrupted, and consistency of migration can be ensured by HRF in system core which getting the system status. Test and practice in reality prove that SOM has achieved anticipated goals in expenses of migration, validity and consistency etc.
Visualization of small lesions in rat cartilage by means of laboratory-based x-ray phase contrast imaging (2012)

Being able to quantitatively assess articular cartilage in three-dimensions (3D) in small rodent animal models, with a simple laboratory set-up, would prove extremely important for the development of pre-clinical research focusing on cartilage pathologies such as osteoarthritis (OA). These models are becoming essential tools for the development of new drugs for OA, a disease affecting up to 1/3 of the population older than 50 years for which there is no cure except prosthetic surgery. However, due to limitations in imaging technology, high-throughput 3D structural imaging has not been achievable in small rodent models, thereby limiting their translational potential and their efficiency as research tools. We show that a simple laboratory system based on coded-aperture x-ray phase contrast imaging (CAXPCi) can correctly visualize the cartilage layer in slices of an excised rat tibia imaged both in air and in saline solution. Moreover, we show that small, surgically induced lesions are also correctly detected by the CAXPCi system, and we support this finding with histopathology examination. Following these successful proof-of-concept results in rat cartilage, we expect that an upgrade of the system to higher resolutions (currently underway) will enable extending the method to the imaging of mouse cartilage as well. From a technological standpoint, by showing the capability of the system to detect cartilage also in water, we demonstrate phase sensitivity comparable to other lab-based phase methods (e.g. grating interferometry). In conclusion, CAXPCi holds a strong potential for being adopted as a routine laboratory tool for non-destructive, high throughput assessment of 3D structural changes in murine articular cartilage, with a possible impact in the field similar to the revolution that conventional microCT brought into bone research.
Flow and heat transfer in microfluidic devices with application to optothermal analyte preconcentration and manipulation (2011)

This work describes a novel optothermal method for electrokinetic concentration and manipulation of charged analytes using light energy, for the first time. The method uses the optical field control provided by a digital projector to regulate the local fluid temperature in microfluidics. Thermal characteristics of the heating system have been assessed by using the temperature-dependent fluorescent dye method. Temperature rises up to 20 C (maximum temperature achieved in this experiment was about 50 C) have been obtained with the rate of about 0.8 C/s. The effect of the source size and light intensity on the temperature profile is investigated and the ability of the system to generate a moving heat source is demonstrated. A theoretical investigation is also performed by modeling the system as a moving plane source on a half-space. Effects of heat source geometry, speed, and power on the maximum temperature are investigated and it has been shown that by choosing an appropriate length scale, maximum temperature in dimensionless form becomes a weak function of source geometry. For the flow field control in the proposed system, the fundamental problem of fluid flow through straight/variable cross-section microchannels with general cross-sectional shapes are investigated. Approximate models are developed and verifications are performed by careful independent experiments and numerical simulations. Further verification is also performed by comparing the results with those collected from the literature. The concentration enrichment in the present approach is achieved by balancing the bulk flow (either electroosmotic, pressure driven, or both) in a microcapillary against the electrophoretic migrative flux of an analyte along a controlled temperature profile provided by the contactless heating method. Almost a 500-fold increase in the local concentration of sample analytes within 15 minutes is demonstrated. Optically-controlled transport of the focused band was successfully demonstrated by moving the heater image with the velocity of about 167μm/min. Transporting the concentrated band has been achieved by adjusting the heater image in an external computer. This ability of the system can be used for sequential concentration and separation of different analytes and transporting the focused bands to the point of analysis.
Growth mechanisms of highly mismatched AlSb on a Si substrate (2005)

We describe the growth mechanisms of highly mismatched (Δao∕ao=13%) defect-free AlSb on Si(001) substrates. Nucleation occurs during the first few monolayers of AlSb deposition by crystalline quantum dot formation. With continued growth, the islands coalesce into a bulk material with no vertically propagating defects. Strain energy from the AlSb∕Si interface is dissipated by crystallographic undulations in the zinc-blende lattice, as confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. Reciprocal space analysis of the TEM images corroborates a crystallographic rotation associated with the undulations. The resulting AlSb material is &gt;98% relaxed according to x-ray diffraction analysis.
Silicon direct bonding (SDB)-a substrate material for electronic devices (1995)

A silicon direct bonding process was developed using a special chamber for cleaning, contacting and prebonding wafers up to 100 mm. After prebonding the wafers at 200/spl deg/C, annealing was carried out at temperatures ranging from 600/spl deg/C to 1180/spl deg/C for times between 30 minutes and 20 hours. Bare silicon and oxidized wafers were bonded. The electrical specification was done by evaluating the I-V characteristics with respect to breakdown, reverse current, ideality factor and series and parallel resistance (R/sub s/, R/sub p/). A strong dependence of R/sub s/ and R/sub p/ on bonding temperature and time was observed. In order to prove the viability of the bonded substrate for power devices, the authors fabricated p-i-n diodes. The diodes exhibit breakdown voltages up to 1400 V and forward current densities of 2 A/mm/sup 2/. These p-i-n diodes were superior to diodes fabricated simultaneously on epitaxial material.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Capillary hemangioma of the cavernous sinus (2003)

Capillary hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors that tend to occur in children. Whereas the majority of hemangiomas may regress spontaneously, those associated with functional sequelae or severe symptoms may require treatment. Two patients with capillary hemangiomas of the cavernous sinus that caused neurological symptoms were treated with fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy. Both hemangiomas had shown a progressive increase in size during observation before radiation therapy; both tumors regressed after radiotherapy. Up to the time of the last follow-up evaluation both patients experienced symptomatic relief after radiation. One patient's tumor remains in complete remission and the second tumor continues to demonstrate minor residual contrast enhancement without progression. The authors conclude that fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy is a useful treatment modality in the management of symptomatic capillary hemangiomas when these tumors arise in regions of the brain or skull base in which a complete resection cannot be accomplished.
Lower serum magnesium is associated with vascular calcification in peritoneal dialysis patients: a cross sectional study (2017)

Our findings suggest that Mg may inhibit vascular calcification. If this association is replicated across larger studies with serial Mg and vascular calcification measurements, interventions that increase serum Mg and their effect on vascular calcification warrant further investigation in the PD population.
A Heat Shock-Responsive Domain of Human HSF1 That Regulates Transcription Activation Domain Function (1995)

Human heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) stimulates transcription from heat shock protein genes following stress. We have used chimeric proteins containing the GAL4 DNA binding domain to identify the transcriptional activation domains of HSF1 and a separate domain that is capable of regulating activation domain function. This regulatory domain conferred heat shock inducibility to chimeric proteins containing the activation domains. The regulatory domain is located between the transcriptional activation domains and the DNA binding domain of HSF1 and is conserved between mammalian and chicken HSF1 but is not found in HSF2 or HSF3. The regulatory domain was found to be functionally homologous between chicken and human HSF1. This domain does not affect DNA binding by the chimeric proteins and does not contain any of the sequences previously postulated to regulate DNA binding of HSF1. Thus, we suggest that activation of HSF1 by stress in humans is controlled by two regulatory mechanisms that separately confer heat shock-induced DNA binding and transcriptional stimulation.
Feature Extraction in Pressure Signals for Leak Detection in Water Networks (2014)

Techniques based on signal analysis for leak detection in water supply systems typically use long pressure and/or flow data series of variable length. This paper presents the feature extraction from pressure signals and their application to the identification of changes related to the onset of a leak. Example signals were acquired from an experimental laboratory circuit, and features were extracted from temporal domain and from transformed signals. Statistical analysis of features values and a classification method were applied. It was verified the feasibility of using feature vectors for distinguish data acquired in the absence or presence of a leak.
Cyclohexyl-based chiral auxiliaries (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclohexyl-based chiral auxiliariesJames K. WhitesellCite this: Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 5, 953–964Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00013a010Request reuse permissionsArticle Views1495Altmetric-Citations158LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
2-Mercaptobenzothiazole-Loaded Hollow Mesoporous Silica-Based Hybrid Coatings for Corrosion Protection of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Ferritic Steel (2014)

The present work describes the development of an active corrosion protection system consisting of organic-inorganic hybrid sol-gel coating impregnated with inhibitor-loaded nanocontainers. Hollow mesoporous silica spheres were synthesized using the sol-hydrothermal method and were then used as nanocontainers to load the corrosion inhibitor molecule, 2-mer-captobenzothiazole. A silane-zirconia-based hybrid coating containing hollow mesoporous silica nanocontainers were applied on modified 9Cr-1Mo ferritic steels. The loading and releasing properties of hollow mesoporous silica nanocontainers were studied using UV-visible spectroscopy. The corrosion resistance and active corrosion protection efficiency of hybrid silanezirconia coatings with and without the addition of inhibitor-loaded hollow mesoporous silica (SiO2) nanocontainers were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The anticorrosive property of the hybrid coating impregnated with inhibitor-loaded nanocontainers was found enhanced in comparison with both the hybrid coating and hybrid coating mixed with empty nanocontainers. This enhancement in corrosion resistance was due to controlled and sustained release of the corrosion inhibitor from nanocontainers embedded in the hybrid coating.
THE ADSORPTION AND DEACTIVATION OF MICROORGANISMS BY ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER (2001)

The adsorption and deactivation of microorganisms by a new activated carbon fiber (Aqualen®) were investigated. Tests were conducted with Escherichia coli, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The esterase metabolic activities of the adsorbed microorganisms were measured and were found to diminish rapidly and cease completely in less than 24 hours. An adsorption column packed with Aqualen® was tested for bacteriostatic effects. No microbial growth was detected. An explanation of the microbial adsorption and deactivation is offered.