gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexible Developable Surfaces (2012)

Abstract We introduce a discrete paradigm for developable surface modeling. Unlike previous attempts at interactive developable surface modeling, our system is able to enforce exact developability at every step, ensuring that users do not inadvertently suggest configurations that leave the manifold of admissible folds of a flat two‐dimensional sheet. With methods for navigation of this highly nonlinear constraint space in place, we show how to formulate a discrete mean curvature bending energy measuring how far a given discrete developable surface is from being flat. This energy enables relaxation of user‐generated configurations and suggests a straightforward subdivision scheme that produces admissible smoothed versions of bent regions of our discrete developable surfaces.
Optimization of Dolomite Usage in Iron Ore Sintering Process (2013)

To achieve the action mechanism and optimal usage of dolomite in the sintering process, solid reaction tests, fluidity tests, bonding strength tests and sinter pot tests were conducted, then microstructure and energy spectrum were analysed further. Reaction temperature of dolomite with calcium ferrite was lower than that with limonite iron ore about 155°C. Fluidity of bonding phase and strength of sinter using dolomite were lower than that using light burned dolomite and serpentine owing to the higher MgO content in the calcium ferrite and formation of secondary bonding phase. Action mechanism of dolomite in sintering process mainly included 4 steps, thermal decomposition, solid reaction, formation of primary bonding phase and formation of secondary bonding phase. Dolomite mainly played it’s role in the third step in which high viscosity CFM (calcium ferrite with MgO) and magnetite solid solution formed. Increasing the solid solubility of MgO in magnetite by mixing dolomite with magnetite concentrate before granulation, decreasing the dispersity of MgO in sinter mixture by increasing the particle size of dolomite appropriately, increasing the separation degree of MgO and CaO by light-burning the dolomite, and decreasing the reaction amount of MgO by using big particle size magnesia, all could decrease the content of MgO in calcium ferrite, thus showed good performance in sinter pot tests.
Adenovirus-mediated wild-type p53 gene transfer as a surgical adjuvant in advanced head and neck cancers. (1999)

A high incidence of locoregional failure contributes to the poor overall survival rate of around 50% for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). In vitro and in vivo preclinical work with adenovirus-mediated wild-type p53 gene transfer using the recombinant p53 adenovirus (Ad-p53) has shown its promise as a novel intervention strategy for SCCHN. These data have translated into Phase I and Phase II studies of Ad-p53 gene transfer in patients with advanced, locoregionally recurrent SCCHN. The safety and overall patient tolerance of Ad-p53 has been demonstrated. Of 15 resectable but historically noncurable patients in the surgical arm of a Phase I study, 4 patients (27%) remain free of disease, with a median follow-up time of 18.25 months. Surgical and gene transfer-related morbidities were minimal. These results provide preliminary support for the use of Ad-p53 gene transfer as a surgical adjuvant in patients with advanced SCCHN. The implications of our findings for the management of SCCHN in general are discussed.
Field Measurements of IEEE 802.11p Communication in NLOS Environments for a Platooning Application (2012)

This paper presents results from field measurements on a vehicle-to-vehicle communication system based on IEEE 802.11p. During the measurements the vehicles were moving and there were also moving obstacles located between the transmitting and receiving nodes creating a Non-Line-of-Sight environment. Distance, speed and type of obstacles were varied during the measurements. Both a highway and suburban environment was tested. The tests were focused on packet error rate and consecutive packet loss. The results of the measurements are compared with the communication requirements of a vehicle platooning application which is a novel intelligent transport system application. It implies multiple vehicles tightly following each other in a row. Performance of the application degrades with consecutive packet loss. It is shown that the platooning application is not adequately supported in all measurement scenarios.
Detecting data errors (2016)

Data cleaning has played a critical role in ensuring data quality for enterprise applications. Naturally, there has been extensive research in this area, and many data cleaning algorithms have been translated into tools to detect and to possibly repair certain classes of errors such as outliers, duplicates, missing values, and violations of integrity constraints. Since different types of errors may coexist in the same data set, we often need to run more than one kind of tool. In this paper, we investigate two pragmatic questions: (1) are these tools robust enough to capture most errors in real-world data sets ? and (2) what is the best strategy to holistically run multiple tools to optimize the detection effort? To answer these two questions, we obtained multiple data cleaning tools that utilize a variety of error detection techniques. We also collected five real-world data sets, for which we could obtain both the raw data and the ground truth on existing errors. In this paper, we report our experimental findings on the errors detected by the tools we tested. First, we show that the coverage of each tool is well below 100%. Second, we show that the order in which multiple tools are run makes a big difference. Hence, we propose a holistic multi-tool strategy that orders the invocations of the available tools to maximize their benefit, while minimizing human effort in verifying results. Third, since this holistic approach still does not lead to acceptable error coverage, we discuss two simple strategies that have the potential to improve the situation, namely domain specific tools and data enrichment. We close this paper by reasoning about the errors that are not detectable by any of the tools we tested.
The Prins Reaction: Advances and Applications (2007)

The acid-catalyzed alkene-aldehyde condensation, known as the Prins reaction, is reviewed. Lewis acids, organic acids and supported catalysts have been reported to assist both the Prins acyclic reaction and the Prins cyclization. Acetals and oxocarbenium ions (generated from aldehydes and alcohols) have been described as reacting systems in the Prins reaction. Prins cyclizations have been used to form mainly five- and six-membered rings, albeit formation of seven to nine rings have been described. The Prins reaction (and cyclization) has been developed as a key strategic element in the total synthesis of different natural products. Keywords: Organic Acid, styrenes, hetero Diels-Alder reaction, Lewis acid catalysts, stereoselective Prins reaction
Congestion control with dynamic threshold adaptation and cross‐layer response for TCP Vegas over IEEE 802.11 wireless networks (2013)

SUMMARY Wireless technologies provide mobile access and enable rapid andcost‐effective network deployment. But a wireless link is generally accompanied by high interference, transmission errors and a varying latency. The erratic packet losses usually lead to a curbing of the flow of segments on the TCP connection, and thus limit TCP performance. This paper presents a threshold control mechanism with cross‐layer response approach for improving TCP Vegas performance in IEEE 802.11 wireless networks. By making slight modifications to the legacy IEEE 802.11 MAC and TCP, the numerical results reveal that the proposed scheme provides a significant improvement in TCP performance under IEEE 802.11 wireless environments. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Edaravone with and without .6 Mg/Kg Alteplase within 4.5 Hours after Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study (PROTECT4.5) (2016)

The efficacy and safety of edaravone combined with tPA and administered within 4.5 hours of AIS onset were demonstrated with numerically lower incidence of sICH and better outcomes.
Nanoscopic Surface Patterns from Functional ABC Triblock Copolymers (2001)

We synthesized analogous series of monodisperse ABC triblock copolymers with symmetrical end blocks A/C and different short middle blocks B (5−10 wt %) with varying polarities by sequential anionic polymerization, i.e., polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-P2VP-b-PMMA) and polystyrene-b-poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PHEMA-b-PMMA). Thin (thickness ∼ 20 nm) and ultrathin films (thickness ≤ 7 nm) were prepared by either dip-coating or adsorption from solution onto silicon wafers. The copolymer films were investigated by scanning force microscopy. In thin films, the polar middle block adsorbs preferentially to the polar substrate, resulting in a polymer film surface that exclusively consists of PS and PMMA microdomains. In ultrathin films, the two polar B and C blocks behave like a single B block resulting in structures which can be described by recent scaling laws. The lateral spacing and the morphology of the structures can be controlled by film thickness and A/C block length.
Heats of mixing of strongly interacting model compounds and miscibility of the corresponding polymers (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeats of mixing of strongly interacting model compounds and miscibility of the corresponding polymersChristine J. T. Landry and David M. TeegardenCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 15, 4310–4321Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00015a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00015a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Modular checking for buffer overflows in the large (2006)

We describe an ongoing project, the deployment of a modular checker to statically find and prevent every buffer overflow in future versions of a Microsoft product. Lightweight annotations specify requirements for safely using each buffer, and functions are checked individually to ensure they obey these requirements and do not overflow. Our focus is on the incremental deployment of this technology: by layering the annotation language, using aggressive inference techniques, and slicing warnings by checker confidence, teams must pay only part of the cost of annotating a program to achieve part of the benefit, which provides incentive for further annotation. To date over 400,000 annotations have been added to specify buffer usage in the source code for this product, of which over 150,000 were automatically inferred, and over 3,000 potential buffer overflows have been found and fixed.
Measurement of the sap flow rate in stem of rice plant. (1990)

In order to apply, to rice plant, a stem heat balance method for measuring the mass flow rate of sap in the stem of plants, we improved our original gauge in the sensitivity. In the reformed gauge, we used a heater of 8mm in width which was shorter by 2mm than that of the original one and a miniaturized heat flow sensor in which the thermal resistance was provided by an element consisting of a double side tape and analuminum foil.
Effect of ammonia on cobalt Fischer–Tropsch synthesis catalysts: a surface science approach (2019)

Undercoordinated (defect) sites on cobalt surfaces favor NH<sub>3</sub> decomposition and dehydrogenated products adsorb strongly around these defect sites.
Proteoglycans from the swarm rat chondrosarcoma. Structure of the aggregates extracted with associative and dissociative solvents as revealed by electron microscopy. (1992)

Proteoglycan aggregates were extracted from Swarm rat chondrosarcoma tissue in the native state and compared with proteoglycan aggregates isolated dissociatively with 4 M guanidine HCl. Purified aggregates were examined with a variety of electron microscopic techniques. In some cases they showed a structure of the central filament identical to that of the link-stabilized central filament observed in earlier experiments where the separated constituents were allowed to reconstitute (Mörgelin, M., Paulsson, M., Hardingham, T. E., Heinegård, D., and Engel, J. (1988) Biochem. J. 253, 175-185). The tight packing of proteoglycan monomers along the hyaluronate with a minimum distance of 12 nm between adjacent E1 strands also could thus be confirmed for never dissociated aggregates. The results therefore show that the organization of proteoglycan aggregates assembled in vitro from the participating molecules is representative for conditions in situ. An additional structural type of central filament was observed in the preparations. This contained long stretches of free hyaluronate interspaced by short stretches of central filament with condensed arrays of link protein-proteoglycan. Chemical cross-linking in combination with low shear electron microscopical techniques showed that this discontinuous central filament structure is not an artifact of specimen preparation. The addition of suprastoichiometric amounts of exogenous link protein did not affect the central filament structure with the low packing density. Densely and loosely packed types of central filament were isolated in varying relative amounts with different associative and dissociative solvents.
Real-Time Human Detection, Tracking, and Verification in Uncontrolled Camera Motion Environments (2006)

In environments where a camera is installed on a freely moving platform, e.g. a vehicle or a robot, object detection and tracking becomes much more difficult. In this paper, we presents a real time system for human detection, tracking, and verification in such challenging environments. To deliver a robust performance, the system integrates several computer vision algorithms to perform its function: a human detection algorithm, an object tracking algorithm, and a motion analysis algorithm. To utilize the available computing resources to the maximum possible extent, each of the system components is designed to work in a separate thread that communicates with the other threads through shared data structures. The focus of this paper is more on the implementation issues than on the algorithmic issues of the system. Object oriented design was adopted to abstract algorithmic details away from the system structure.
A modified Weibull model for tensile strength distribution of carbon nanotube fibers with strain rate and size effects (2012)

Fundamental studies on the effects of strain rate and size on the distribution of tensile strength of carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers are reported in this paper. Experimental data show that the mechanical strength of CNT fibers increases from 0.2 to 0.8 GPa as the strain rate increases from 0.00001 to 0.1 (1/s). In addition, the influence of fiber diameter at low and high strain rate conditions was investigated further with statistical analysis. A modified Weibull distribution model for characterizing the tensile strength distribution of CNT fibers taking into account the effect of strain rate and fiber diameter is proposed.
Biosynthesis of hydrocarbons by algae: Decarboxylation of stearic acid to N‐heptadecane in<i>Anacystis nidulans</i> determined by<sup>13</sup>C‐ and<sup>2</sup>H‐labeling and<sup>13</sup>C nuclear magnetic resonance (1980)

The distribution of isotopic labels inn-heptadecane enriched from [1,2-(13)C] and [2-(13)C, 2-(2)H3) acetates byAnacystis nidulans has been determined by(13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR). Labeling with [1,2-(13)C] acetate is consistent with assembly from(13)C-(13)C units derived from an acetate "starter" group and 8 malonate units, as in fatty acid biosynthesis, followed by production of a methyl group through bond cleavage of the terminal(13)C-(13)C unit. A comparison of the hydrocarbon with palmitic acid (the only fatty acid produced in sufficient amount for NMR analysis) enriched from [2-(13)C,2-(2)H3]acetate by the same culture shows that they have retained the same fraction of(2)H at corresponding sites, and have therefore undergone identical biosynthetic and hydrogen-deuterium exchange processes, as would be expected ifn-heptadecane originates from de novo-synthesized stearic acid.
Quasi-cyclic array codes are equivalent to shortened Gilbert codes (2002)

Zhang and Wolf (1988) determine the burst correction capability of a n/sub 1//spl times/n/sub 2/ quasi-cyclic array code with parameter s. It is shown that this code can be obtained from a n/sub 3//spl times/n/sub 2/ Gilbert code for some n3>n/sub 1/, by shortening. This construction leads to simple expressions for the burst correction capability and allows burst correction by error trapping.
Increased Processivity, Misincorporation, and Nucleotide Incorporation Efficiency in Sulfolobus solfataricus Dpo4 Thumb Domain Mutants (2017)

The present study aimed to increase the processivity of <i>Sulfolobus solfataricus</i> DNA polymerase Dpo4. Protein engineering and bioinformatics were used to compile a library of potential Dpo4 mutation sites. Ten potential mutants were identified and constructed. A primer extension assay was used to evaluate the processivity of Dpo4 mutants. Thumb (A181D) and finger (E63K) domain mutants showed a processivity of 20 and 19 nucleotides (nt), respectively. A little finger domain mutant (I248Y) exhibited a processivity of 17 nt, only 1 nt more than wild-type Dpo4. Furthermore, the A181D mutant showed lower fidelity and higher nucleotide incorporation efficiency (4.74 × 10<sup>-4</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> μM<sup>-1</sup>) than E63K and I248Y mutants. When tasked with bypassing damage, the A181D mutant exhibited a 3.81-fold and 2.62-fold higher catalytic efficiency (<i>k</i><sub>cat</sub>/<i>K<sub>m</sub></i> ) at incorporating dCTP and dATP, respectively, than wild-type Dpo4. It also showed a 55% and 91.5% higher catalytic efficiency when moving beyond the damaged 8-oxoG:C and 8-oxoG:A base pairs, respectively, compared to wild-type Dpo4. Protein engineering and bioinformatics methods can effectively increase the processivity and translesion synthesis ability of Dpo4.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> DNA polymerases with poor fidelity can be exploited to store data and record changes in response to the intracellular environment. <i>Sulfolobus solfataricus</i> Dpo4 is such an enzyme, although its use is hindered by its low processivity. In this work, we used a bioinformatics and protein engineering approach to generate Dpo4 mutants with improved processivity. We identified the Dpo4 thumb domain as the most relevant in controlling processivity.
Adenosine Diphosphate Glucose Pyrophosphorylase (1966)

The spinach leaf adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase has been purified about 260-fold. The enzyme was activated by 3-phosphoglycerate and other glycolytic intermediates, and was inhibited by inorganic phosphate and ADP. Phosphate inhibition could be overcome by increasing 3-phosphoglycerate concentrations. ADP inhibition could be only partially overcome by increasing 3-phosphoglycerate concentrations. The 3-phosphoglycerate saturation curve is hyperbolic at neutral pH. At alkaline pH, however, the curve is sigmoidal. Kinetic studies suggest that the activators fructose diphosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate bind to the same sites as 3-phosphoglycerate. These results suggest a mechanism for the regulation of starch synthesis in spinach leaf chloroplasts.
Purification and Properties of Rat Prothrombin (1967)

Abstract Rat prothrombin has been purified by barium sulfate adsorption, desalting by an ion exchange resin, and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Preparations of prothrombin with activities of 2,000 to 2,400 National Institutes of Health units per mg of protein were obtained, corresponding to a 1,500- to 1,900-fold purification from rat plasma. The purified prothrombin was homogeneous when analyzed by ultracentrifugation. On acrylamide gel disc electrophoresis, a major band with two minor bands was observed. By enzymatic assays, it was devoid of contaminating fibrinogen, thrombin, and Factor X. It was not activated to thrombin by 25% sodium citrate. Rat prothrombin has an s20,w of 5.0 S, a diffusion coefficient of 4.93 x 10-7 cm2 per sec, and a molecular weight of 86,000 ± 1,000 by several methods. Amino acid analysis of rat prothrombin revealed a profile of the usual amino acids with a high percentage of glutamic and aspartic acids and a low content of S-amino acids. Our preparation contained 3.7% total hexose and 0.1% total hexosamine. An antibody against rat prothrombin (anti-rat prothrombin) was prepared in rabbits. On double diffusion, the antibody gave a single precipitin band against rat plasma as well as against rat prothrombin. Anti-rat prothrombin effectively precipitated prothrombin from rat plasma. It did not cross-react with prothrombins from human, bovine, or avian species.
Development of a Test Bench for Tuning and Validating Electric Power Steering Control Method (2007)

In this study, a test bench for electric power steering (EPS) system has been developed through the integration of the EPS mechanism, steering wheel angle sensor, vehicle speed meter, and the force feedback device. The feedback force can be instantaneously calculated according to the steering wheel angle and the vehicle speed, and then controlled by using two load cells at the ends of the rack as feedback signals. The force feedback device can simulate the reaction force of the rack while the driver turning the steering wheel. Moreover, as the torque sensor and EPS motor signals connect with the data recorder, the test bench can also be used to carry out the EPS performance tests, such as the assistant torque characteristics and the return-to-center performance. Hence, the test bench built in this work can provide engineers with the faster and safer access to the optimization of EPS control methods at the development stage.
Fast Implementation of Image Structural Similarity Algorithm (2019)

Abstract The traditional Structural SIMilarity (SSIM) index has higher computation complexity compared with Peak-Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (PSNR). In order to solve this problem, we propose a two-stage optimization algorithm to reduce the computation complexity of SSIM. First, floating-point operations in the calculation process of SSIM are converted to fixed-point ones. Then, the repeated calculation rule of the iteration operation in SSIM is analyzed and the repeated operations are subsequently removed via modifying SSIM calculation method. Experiment results show that, in comparison with the original SSIM algorithm, the proposed algorithm obtains 24.12% of computation time reduction with negligible accuracy decrease.