gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Uso de la resonancia magnética cardíaca en el estudio de pacientes portadores de hipertensión pulmonar (2017)

La Resonancia Magnética Cardíaca permite la evaluación anatómica y funcional de las cavidades izquierdas y derechas, más el estudio de la circulación aorto-pulmonar en pacientes portadores de hipertensión pulmonar. La información suministrada por este método tiene un gran valor pronóstico previo y durante la terapéutica instaurada. Consta de un conjunto de secuencias anatómicas, funcionales, de deformación miocárdica por bandas de saturación miocárdica (tagging) y por seguimiento de marcas (feature tracking), de contraste de fase para el flujo pulmonar y aórtico, y tras la administración de gadolinio, para el estudio de fibrosis miocárdica (realce tardío) y de reconstrucción tridimensional del árbol vascular.
Brain Oxygen, CO2, pH, and Temperature Monitoring (1995)

Currently, no ideal method exists for monitoring the injured brain. Recently, a single, compact, fiberoptic sensor has become available for measuring oxygen, CO2, pH and temperature in blood. We have adapted this instrument for continuous use in brain tissue to measure oxygen tension, carbon dioxide tension (pCO2), pH, and temperature. To evaluate this new technique, we produced hypercapnia, hypocapnia, intracranial pressure increase, and hypoxemia in seven normal cats. In an additional six animals, sensors were placed within a zone of focal brain ischemia induced by occluding the left middle cerebral artery. The sensor readings were compared with cerebral blood flow measurements, intracranial pressure, and brain histological findings. An in vitro experiment was also performed using human blood to test the accuracy of the sensor over a wide range of pCO2 and oxygen tension values. After careful precalibration and rigid cranium fixation, stable measurements could be obtained throughout the 6- to 8-hour experiments. In normal animals, brain oxygen was 42 +/- 9 mm Hg, brain CO2 was 59 +/- 14 mm Hg, brain pH was 7.0 +/- 0.2, and brain temperature was 36.7 +/- 0.7 degrees C. Hypocapnia and hypoxemia produced a significant decline in tissue oxygen (< or = 30 +/- 3 mm Hg; P < 0.001), whereas hypercapnia caused by hypoventilation and intracranial pressure increase produced a significant increase in tissue CO2 (> or = 74 +/- 4 mm Hg; P < 0.001). Focal ischemia produced a rapid 42% decline in brain oxygen (25 +/- 7 mm Hg) and a 25% increase in tissue pCO2 (71 +/- 23 mm Hg). Brain oxygen further decreased to 19 +/- 6 mm Hg toward the end of the experiment, 4 hours later. After middle cerebral artery occlusion, the regional cerebral blood flow decreased to 10 +/- 5 ml per 100 g per minute, within the 1st hour, from a baseline value of 65 +/- 15 ml per 100 g per minute. It then gradually increased to 15 +/- 5 ml per 100 g per minute by the end of the 4-hour experiment. Brain pH was closely and inversely related to brain CO2. The brain temperature in the focally ischemic tissue decreased from 36.7 +/- 0.7 to 35.5 +/- 1.6 degrees C by the end of the experiment. The in vitro experiment demonstrated good linear correlation between the sensor readings and the blood gas analysis. Continuous monitoring of oxygen, CO2, pH, and temperature in damaged or at-risk brain tissue using a single sensor is now feasible and will, thus, allow improved continuous monitoring of neurosurgical patients who are at risk of significant secondary brain damage.
On the development of a filament winding robotic system (2018)

This paper reports on the design, manufacture, control and implementation of a robotic head for filament winding, typically carbon, glass etc. employed in shell-like part manufacturing with composite materials. The head is attached to a 6 axis industrial robot collaborating with a rotary axis on which a die is secured. Concept development and preliminary study of the head and its assembly on the robot were performed on a CAD system with motion analysis. Two alternative winding heads were studied and the one with embedded filament tension control was implemented. The winding path is planned by exploiting CAD-based kinematic simulation or analytical calculation. Control of the system was performed using the robot's inbuilt capabilities via programming in V+ language interfaced with a micro-processor controlling die rotation according to the open loop paradigm. Cylindrical and conical winding were successfully performed paving the way for expansion to non-symmetrical winding patterns.
Second‐Order Cone Programming Relaxation of Sensor Network Localization (2007)

The sensor network localization problem has been much studied. Recently Biswas and Ye proposed a semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation of this problem which has various nice properties and for which a number of solution methods have been proposed. Here, we study a second‐order cone programming (SOCP) relaxation of this problem, motivated by its simpler structure and its potential to be solved faster than SDP. We show that the SOCP relaxation, though weaker than the SDP relaxation, has nice properties that make it useful as a problem preprocessor. In particular, sensors that are uniquely positioned among interior solutions of the SOCP relaxation are accurate up to the square root of the distance error. Thus, these sensors, which are easily identified, are accurately positioned. In our numerical simulation, the interior solution found can accurately position up to 80–90% of the sensors. We also propose a smoothing coordinate gradient descent method for finding an interior solution that is faster than an interior‐point method.
Apatite Wollastonite–Titanium Biocomposites: Synthesis and <i>In Vitro</i> Evaluation (2006)

The present paper discusses the consolidation of apatite wollastonite (AW) glass ceramic/titanium composites with various percentages of Ti (5–40 wt%) in an argon atmosphere, and, evaluation of the sintered properties and bioactivity in simulated body fluid (SBF). The sintered density of the composites was found to increase with an increase in Ti content and was found to be in the range of 2.25 (5 wt% Ti)–2.70 g/cm 3 (40 wt%) as compared with those of sintered AW (2.06 g/cm 3 ) and Ti (4.5 g/cm 3 ). Biaxial flexural strength of the composites was found to be in the range of 13–45 MPa. X‐ray diffraction studies of the sintered AW/Ti composites showed Ti phases (TiPO 4 +CaTiO 3 +Ti 2 O 3 ) and wollastonites (CaSiO 3 +MgSiO 3 +CaMgSiO 4 ) as dominating phases. In vitro bioactivity of the composites was studied by soaking the composites in SBF for 7, 14, and 21 days, and the sample surfaces as well as the remaining SBF were analyzed to study the interaction between the material and SBF. The results indicated that the growth of phosphates increased in about 7 days of soaking in SBF, after which a steady state was reached, confirming the samples to be bioactive.
Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor expression and functional coupling in neonatal cardiac myocytes and AT-1 cells (1996)

CRH is the principal mediator of the stress response in mammals. In addition to pituitary and central nervous system effects, peripheral effects of CRH have been observed involving the immune and cardiovascular systems. Two CRH receptor subtypes, CRH-R1 and CRH-R2, have been cloned and show significant amino acid homology (69%), but differ in their tissue distribution. CRH-R1 is expressed predominantly in the brain and pituitary, whereas the CRH-R2 subtype is highly expressed in heart and skeletal muscle. To investigate the role of CRH in cardiac signaling, we analyzed the effect of CRH on freshly isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and murine atrial cardiomyocyte tumor cells, AT-1, which express CRH-R2 messenger RNA. We show that stimulation of these cells with CRH and the CRH-related peptides, sauvagine from frog and urotensin I from fish, elicits large increases in the intracellular level of cAMP. This stimulation is transient, reaching a maximum in 5-15 min in neonatal cardiomyocytes and in 2-4 min in AT-1 cells, followed by a rapid decline. We show that stimulation of AT-1 cells by these peptides is specific for CRH receptors, as the CRH antagonist, alpha-helical CRH-(9-41) inhibits cAMP increases. Furthermore, we show that CRH, sauvagine, and urotensin I stimulations are dose dependent in both neonatal cardiomyocytes and AT-1 cells. Sauvagine and urotensin I are more potent than CRH at stimulating an increase in intracellular cAMP in neonatal cardiomyocytes (EC50 = 1.74, 2.61, 6.42 nM, respectively) and AT-1 cells (EC50 = 16.2, 15.8, and 149 nM, respectively). This rank order is consistent with that previously demonstrated in CRH-R2-transfected HEK293 cells and parallels the in vivo vasodilatory activity of these peptides. In summary, this is the first evidence that CRH, sauvagine, and urotensin I act directly on cardiac myocytes to stimulate increases in intracellular cAMP, presumably through CRH-R2. In addition, these results indicate that cardiac myocytes may be an informative in vitro model to investigate the effects of CRH and its role in the cardiovascular response to stress.
Equally Efficient Interlayer Exciton Relaxation and Improved Absorption in Epitaxial and Nonepitaxial MoS<sub>2</sub>/WS<sub>2</sub> Heterostructures (2014)

Semiconductor heterostructures provide a powerful platform to engineer the dynamics of excitons for fundamental and applied interests. However, the functionality of conventional semiconductor heterostructures is often limited by inefficient charge transfer across interfaces due to the interfacial imperfection caused by lattice mismatch. Here we demonstrate that MoS(2)/WS(2) heterostructures consisting of monolayer MoS(2) and WS(2) stacked in the vertical direction can enable equally efficient interlayer exciton relaxation regardless the epitaxy and orientation of the stacking. This is manifested by a similar 2 orders of magnitude decrease of photoluminescence intensity in both epitaxial and nonepitaxial MoS(2)/WS(2) heterostructures. Both heterostructures also show similarly improved absorption beyond the simple superimposition of the absorptions of monolayer MoS(2) and WS(2). Our result indicates that 2D heterostructures bear significant implications for the development of photonic devices, in particular those requesting efficient exciton separation and strong light absorption, such as solar cells, photodetectors, modulators, and photocatalysts. It also suggests that the simple stacking of dissimilar 2D materials with random orientations is a viable strategy to fabricate complex functional 2D heterostructures, which would show similar optical functionality as the counterpart with perfect epitaxy.
Bit Error Rate Evaluation of a Dual-Filter Heterodyne FSK Optical System (1994)

The frequency separation between the two channels of a dual-filter heterodyne FSK optical system is a very important parameter to evaluate in the presence of laser phase noise. In this work the impairment due to the crosstalk interference between the two transmitted tones of a weakly coherent FSK optical system is investigated. In order to make accurate computations, the method of moments seems to be the most suitable: to this aim, in this work an algorithm for the moments evaluation is proposed. The numerical results are then compared with a Monte Carlo simulation approach.
Clinical planning support system-CliPSS (1993)

Clinical planning support system (CliPSS), which is software developed to support neurosurgical planning and to enable a surgeon to generate 3-D computed images interactively and simulate sterotactic surgery on them, is discussed. The basic functions of CliPSS, involving section display, editing, extraction, and rendering, are reviewed. A method of thinning the volume of polygonal data for a surface-rendered image, which improves CliPPS's performance and interactivity, is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Distribution of Heart Potentials on the Thoracic Surface of Normal Human Subjects (1963)

The distribution of isopotential lines on the thoracic surface of 15 normal subjects aged 15 to 43 was determined at 10 to 20 instants of time during ventricular activation. At the beginning of the QRS interval a precordial maximum and a dorsal minimum of potential can be observed. Thereafter, the minimum migrates toward the right shoulder and appears then anteriorly in the right subclavicular fossa, while another minimum appears near the mid-sternal line. The two minima finally merge together, and the potential distribution becomes dipolar once again. During the last third of the QRS interval the maximum of potential moves toward the left axillary and dorsal region, while a new maximum appears near the upper end of the sternum. A tentative correlation between surface and intracardiac electrical events can be established on the basis of the most generally accepted descriptions of ventricular activation processes. During some phases of ventricular activation, the potential distribution on the surface of the body is of the dipolar type, and there are no measurable local components; during other phases of ventricular depolarization, however, proximity potentials do appear on the thoracic surface, yielding information about local activation waves. When the ventricular activation is altered, the location and time course of local and dipolar potentials show important modifications.
Adaptive filtering with robust controller for improvement of inertial response of wind turbine (2019)

It is necessary to study the impact of large-scale wind turbines with virtual inertia control on power system stability considering the effects of frequency measurement. The phase-locked loop (PLL) measures the system frequency. The operation of the PLL is deteriorated when the voltage contains sags, unbalance, high harmonics, and sudden drop frequency. Cascaded delayed signal cancelation (DSC) PLL technique can be used for frequency measurement under nonideal voltage due to its good harmonics filtering capability. But there are some oscillations and errors in the frequency estimation by the DSC-PLL that led not to suitable frequency control in a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). In this paper, an adaptive complex least mean square (ACLMS) algorithm is used for frequency estimation. The ACLMS algorithm is an adaptive filter, which can track frequency deviation, accurately and rapidly. In addition, this paper addresses robust frequency control in the DFIG. In a power system with wind turbines, load change, power fluctuation disturbance, and a dynamical perturbation influence the system frequency. In this condition, the conventional-inertia controller is faced with challenges. H∞-robust controller develops the frequency control loop. The estimated frequency using the ACLMS algorithm feeds the robust controller to improve the inertial response of the DFIG. This paper compares between H∞ and optimal conventional-based inertia controller. The simulation validates that the ACLMS estimation with the H∞ inertia controller simultaneously provides frequency support to a low-inertia tested power system, effectively. It improves frequency stability and resiliency under different disturbances and uncertainty.
Design and experimental characterization of a RAKE receiver for a mobile station of a DS-CDMA system (2002)

The design and the realization of a new DS-CDMA (direct sequence code division multiple access) three arms RAKE receiver for a mobile station is presented. This receiver makes use of a pilot signal for the chip synchronization and for the channel equalization. It has been experimentally characterized by means of a flexible and effective laboratory test bed and the results of a measurement campaign performed at 2.5 Mchip/s with different propagation scenarios and variable number of interferers are reported. Finally some considerations about the performance improvement given by various hardware and software demodulator architectures are given.
Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Canine Mammary Tumors (2002)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a dimeric protein that stimulates angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo by inducing endothelial cell proliferation and migration. In this immunohistochemical study, VEGF-immunolabeled cells were counted in a series of 10 benign and 40 malignant canine mammary tumors. The morphologic pattern of VEGF positivity (intensity of immunolabeling and VEGF granule size and distribution) was also evaluated. A low number of cells weakly positive for VEGF with few and small granules polarized to the luminal pole was detected in benign neoplasms. In contrast, in malignancies a high number of VEGF-positive cells had strong immunolabeling, often with large granules found diffusely in the cytoplasm. This level of immunolabeling was more pronounced in the less differentiated, more malignant phenotypes (grade 3). Macrophages, which can synthesize VEGF, were strongly positive. Stromal and myoepithelial cells were negative. VEGF data were correlated statistically with intratumoral microvessel density (number of newly formed microvessels) and both measures were greater in less differentiated malignant neoplasms, demonstrating that angiogenesis and malignancy increase together. VEGF appears to be a powerful angiogenic factor in canine mammary tumors.
Effect of Estrogens on Serum and Liver Lipid Peroxide Levels in Mice (1987)

When 17β-estradiol was administered intraperitoneally to female mice, serum and liver lipid peroxide levels were significantly decreased, while in the case of male mice they only tended to decrease. On the other hand, the intraperitoneal administration of 2-hydroxyestradiol, a major metabolite of 17β-estradiol in the liver, brought about a decrease in liver lipid peroxide levels in both male and female mice. Accordingly, the remarkable effect of 17β-estradiol found in female mice seems to be ascribable to the 2-hydroxyestradiol formed in them.
조사논문 : 제당산업의 산업연관효과 및 가격파급효과 분석 (2012)

In this study, we examined the inter-industrial linkage and price effects of sugar industry in the input-output framework. Two outputs from sugar industry, that is, raw sugar and refined sugar are largely used for food processing industry, livestock and dairy industry, feed industry, medicine and medical supplies industry, and restaurant industry, etc. The price changes of raw sugar make ripple effects on many industries, while the raw sugar which is not produced domestically is used by only three industries such as refined sugar industry, fermented and synthetic seasoning industry, and medicine and medical supplies industry. Our results also show that the overall price level is expected to decrease (increase) by 0.0018% and 0.0017%, when the prices of imported raw sugar and domestic refined sugar decrease (increase) by 10% respectively.
Molecular Screening of Metal−Organic Frameworks for CO<sub>2</sub> Storage (2008)

We report a molecular simulation study for CO2 storage in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). As compared to the aluminum-free and cation-exchanged ZSM-5 zeolites and carbon nanotube bundle, IRMOF1 exhibits remarkably higher capacity. Incorporation of Na(+) cations into zeolite increases the capacity only at low pressures. By variation of the metal oxide, organic linker, functional group, and framework topology, a series of isoreticular MOFs (IRMOF1, Mg-IRMOF1, Be-IRMOF1, IRMOF1-(NH2)4, IRMOF10, IRMOF13, and IRMOF14) are systematically examined, as well as UMCM-1, a fluorous MOF (F-MOF1), and a covalent-organic framework (COF102). The affinity with CO2 is enhanced by addition of a functional group, and the constricted pore is formed by interpenetration of the framework; both lead to a larger isosteric heat and Henry's constant and subsequently a stronger adsorption at low pressures. The organic linker plays a critical role in tuning the free volume and accessible surface area and largely determines CO2 adsorption at high pressures. As a combination of high capacity and low framework density, IRMOF10, IRMOF14, and UMCM-1 are identified from this study to be the best for CO2 storage, even surpass the experimentally reported highest capacity in MOF-177. COF102 is a promising candidate with high capacity at considerably low pressures. Both gravimetric and volumetric capacities at 30 bar correlate well with the framework density, free volume, porosity, and accessible surface area. These structure-function correlations are useful for a priori prediction of CO2 capacity and for the rational screening of MOFs toward high-efficacy CO2 storage.
Sequestration of drugs using poly(acrylic acid) and alkyl modified poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles (2006)

Poly(acrylic acid) and alkyl modified poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles were formed by the reverse microemulsion technique. Scanning electron microspectroscopy, zeta potential measurements and fluorescence spectroscopy were used for their characterization. It was observed that they are in the range 80-100 nm and their surface charge is pH dependent. The particles were assessed for their ability to extract drugs such as amitriptyline and bupivacaine from bulk fluid for their potential application as scavengers for overdosed drugs. In normal saline (0.9% NaCl) unmodified poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles (per gram) extracted 81 mg amitriptyline and 62 mg bupivacaine in 5 minutes, whereas for the alkyl modified poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles, extractions were 68 mg and 51 mg amitriptyline and bupivacaine respectively per gram of nanoparticles used.
Institutional metrics for the United States Marine Corps (2003)

This paper describes an early-stage investigation into approaches and tools to collect, manage, and deliver institutional metrics to the senior command of the United States Marine Corps. The paper describes how contemporary approaches to institutional metrics and supporting tools from more traditional organizations were adapted to Marine Corps priorities. The study explores current institutional metrics strategies with a particular emphasis on the balanced scorecard approach, deemed most relevant because of its focus on strategic alignment and its applicability to noncommercial organizations. The literature on performance measurement for industry, not-for-profit organizations, and government/military institutions is reviewed along with Marine Corps strategy publications, campaign plans, and other doctrinal documents as the basis for a set of sample metrics to act as a 'strawperson' for further development. The different software metrics tools that may be used to manage the information required to support institutional metrics programs are reviewed as are approaches to managing a successful institutional metrics program.
General balance, combination of information and the analysis of covariance (1992)

A resume is given of the conditions and underlying theory for general balance of an experimental design, paying particular attention to their relationships to the usual linear models for analysis of variance and the marginality relationships between the model terms. The extra conditions are defined for a design with first-order balance to have general balance, and a result is proved relating general balance to simple combinability. Algorithms and equations are described for the analysis of generally balanced designs, including combination of within-stratum information and estimation of stratum variances, and are extended to analysis of covariance.