gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>In vitro</i>, <i>in vivo</i>, and <i>in silico</i> analyses of the antitumor activity of 2-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)-5-fluorobenzothiazoles (2004)

Phortress is a novel, potent, and selective experimental antitumor agent. Its mechanism of action involves induction of CYP1A1-catalyzed biotransformation of 2-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)-5-fluorobenzothiazole (5F 203) to generate electrophilic species, which covalently bind to DNA, exacting lethal damage to sensitive tumor cells, in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we investigate the effects of DNA adduct formation on cellular DNA integrity and progression through cell cycle and examine whether a relevant pharmacodynamic end point may be exploited to probe the clinical mechanism of action of Phortress and predict tumor response. Single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) was applied to quantify DNA damage and cell cycle analyses conducted upon 5F 203 treatment of benzothiazole-sensitive MCF-7 and inherently resistant MDA-MB-435 breast carcinoma cells. Following treatment of xenograft-bearing mice and mice possessing hollow fiber implants containing MCF-7 or MDA-MB-435 cells with Phortress (20 mg/kg, i.p., 24 hours), tumor cells and xenografts were recovered for analyses by SCGE. Dose- and time-dependent DNA single and double strand breaks occurred exclusively in sensitive cells following treatment with 5F 203 in vitro (10 nmol/L-10 micromol/L; 24-72 hours). In vivo, Phortress-sensitive and Phortress-resistant tumor cells were distinct; moreover, DNA damage in xenografts, following treatment of mice with Phortress, could be determined. Interrogation of the mechanism of action of 5F 203 in silico by self-organizing map-based cluster analyses revealed modulation of phosphatases and kinases associated with cell cycle regulation, corroborating observations of selective cell cycle perturbation by 5F 203 in sensitive cells. By conducting SCGE, tumor sensitivity to Phortress, an agent currently undergoing clinical evaluation, may be determined.
The ADO.NET entity framework (2006)

This paper describes the ADO.NET Entity Framework, a platform for programming against data that raises the level of abstraction from the logical (relational) level to the conceptual (entity) level, and thereby significantly reduces the impedance mismatch for applications and data services such as reporting, analysis, and replication. The conceptual data model is made real by a runtime that implements an extended relational model (the Entity Data Model aka the EDM), that embraces entities and relationships as first class concepts; a query language for the EDM; a comprehensive mapping engine that translates from the conceptual to the logical (relational) level, and a set of model-driven tools that help create entity-object, object-xml, and entity-xml transformers.
Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl-rhodium and -iridium complexes. Part 30. Trimethylphosphine-chloro-, -acetato-, and -hydrido-complexes and related compounds of (hexamethylbenzene)ruthenium (1981)

Reaction of the η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl-rhodium or -iridium complexes [{M(C5Me5)}2Cl4] or the (η6-hexamethylbenzene)ruthenium complex [{Ru(C6Me6)}2Cl4] with PMe3 gave [M(CnMen)Cl2(PMe3)](2a; M = Rh, n= 5), (2b; M = Ir, n= 5), and (2c; M = Ru, n= 6) which with silver acetate gave the complexes [M(CnMen)(O2CMe)2(PMe3)](3a)–(3c). The structures of complexes (3) were determined, by i.r. and n.m.r. spectroscopy, to contain monodentate acetates in the solid and in aprotic solvents. This was confirmed by an X-ray crystal-structure determination on (3a). In water there was rapid exchange between co-ordinated and free acetate in (3a) and (3b) but this was slower on the n.m.r. time-scale for (3c). Exchange took place via[M(CnMen)(O2CMe)(PMe3)]+, the PF6– salts of which were obtained by reaction of (3) with KPF6. The hydride complexes [Ir(C5Me5)H(Cl)(PMe3)](6b) and [M(CnMen)H2(PMe3)](7a)–(7c) were prepared from compounds (2); [Ir(C5Me5)H2(PMe3)] was stable to oxgen in solution but the others all decomposed rapidly giving Pme3O and other products. Reactions with olefins or acetylenes were slow and such complexes are unlikely to be intermediates in catalytic hydrogen-transfer reactions.
Early aggressive treatment improves prognosis in complex regional pain syndrome. (2011)

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is divided into two types. Type I occurs without obvious nerve injury. In type II, a peripheral nerve injury is present, although pain may not be limited to the distribution of that nerve. Diagnosis rests on the presence of a constellation of symptoms and signs. These include extreme sensitivity, changing skin colour and temperature, trophic changes in the skin, nails and hair, reduced range of motion and loss of function. These features are accompanied by considerable pain for which no other unifying diagnosis can be made. CRPS typically starts with an injury to an extremity which is often seemingly trivial, followed by immobilisation, such as an ankle sprain or Colles' fracture. Instead of the expected resolution of symptoms, persistent pain and dysfunction develop. CRPS usually has an early warm phase that suggests an inflammatory process, with local swelling, erythema and heat. It then progresses to a cold phase, which often goes on for months or years. It is important to keep the affected part moving as much as possible, especially in the early stages. Sensory stimulation, particularly by self-massage, is advised. Aggressive treatment in the early stages improves prognosis. Many cases, especially those with relatively minor symptoms, will resolve spontaneously. Patients who are symptomatically deteriorating, despite regular analgesia, neuropathic agents and physiotherapy, should be referred to a specialist.
Remote sensing of vehicle exhaust emission (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRemote sensing of vehicle exhaust emissionSteven H. Cadle and Robert D. StephensCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1994, 28, 6, 258A–264APublication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online23 September 2008Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00055a001https://doi.org/10.1021/es00055a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A new robust beamforming method with antennae calibration errors (2003)

We consider adaptive array beamforming with calibration errors. We propose a new beamforming method which is robust when the looking direction mismatches the true physical direction of arrival. The new method solves a convex quadratic programming problem with simple polyhedron constraint. Unlike the conventional modeling for calibration, this polyhedron constraint is specially designed and algebraically constructed. Its field angles can be tuned to realize space sectorization. The extensive simulations have shown that the new method is very robust and superior to the traditional one.
Should glycemic index and glycemic load be considered in dietary recommendations? (2008)

High glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) have been proposed to be associated with increased risk of lifestyle diseases. Since protein intake varies little in humans, adherence to the common recommendation to reduce fat intake probably leads to increases in carbohydrate intake, which emphasizes the need to investigate the effects of carbohydrate on diet-related conditions and diseases. This review examines the epidemiological literature linking GI and GL to heart disease, insulin sensitivity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity among initially healthy people. The evidence for associations between GI and particularly GL and health among free-living populations is mixed. Only the positive association between GI and development of type 2 diabetes was consistent across cross-sectional and longitudinal studies for both sexes. Low GI/GL may protect against heart disease in women, and cross-sectional studies indicate low GI/GL may reduce high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in both sexes. Based on the evidence found in this review, it seems premature to include GI/GL in dietary recommendations.
A geometric etch-stop technology for bulk micromachining (2001)

This paper describes a new fabrication method for the simultaneous creation of multi-level single-crystalline silicon structures, each with a different thickness. The method combines deep dry etching and wet anisotropic etching of silicon in order to avoid multiple back-side alignment steps and timed etches. The levels are defined in a single lithographic step from the front side. The fabrication involves etching of deep trenches from the front side of the wafer followed by a refill and etch back process. The final structure is defined by maskless wet etching of the bulk silicon. The progress of the anisotropic wet etch is impeded by the geometric pattern at the bottom of the trenches, and thus structures with various thickness ranging from ten to a few hundred micrometres can be implemented. The effect of various design parameters, such as trench geometry, refill material and reactive ion etching lag, are discussed and design rules are established. The capabilities of the method are demonstrated by the fabrication of a number of devices, such as 1200 1200 3.5 m diaphragms supported by a 40 m thick rim and (1800 10 3 m) embedded hot-wire anemometers suspended by a 0.2 m thick dielectric bridge.
CoVal fusions: a therapeutic vaccine platform using heat shock proteins to treat chronic viral infection and cancer. (2004)

We have developed an immunization platform which combines heat shock proteins (Hsp) with protein antigens, such as viral or cancer targets, into a single recombinant fusion protein. Pre-clinical data demonstrate the ability of Hsp fusion proteins to induce antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, Type 1 cytokines and anti-tumour immunity. One Hsp fusion protein, HspE7, is now in clinical development for therapy of diseases caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV infection is associated with development of proliferative lesions (papillomas or warts) as well as malignant lesions (anogenital dysplasia and cancer). HspE7 has been shown in efficacy trials to be active against genital warts and anal dysplasia, and a trial is underway in another HPV indication, recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Having observed therapeutic activity for our lead product HspE7 in humans, we are currently developing Hsp fusion proteins as therapeutic vaccines for other chronic viral infections. Potential targets include hepatitis B, herpes simplex, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus.
S‐HAMMER: Hierarchical attribute‐guided, symmetric diffeomorphic registration for MR brain images (2013)

Deformable registration has been widely used in neuroscience studies for spatial normalization of brain images onto the standard space. Because of possible large anatomical differences across different individual brains, registration performance could be limited when trying to estimate a single directed deformation pathway, i.e., either from template to subject or from subject to template. Symmetric image registration, however, offers an effective way to simultaneously deform template and subject images toward each other until they meet at the middle point. Although some intensity-based registration algorithms have nicely incorporated this concept of symmetric deformation, the pointwise intensity matching between two images may not necessarily imply the matching of correct anatomical correspondences. Based on HAMMER registration algorithm (Shen and Davatzikos, [2002]: IEEE Trans Med Imaging 21:1421-1439), we integrate the strategies of hierarchical attribute matching and symmetric diffeomorphic deformation to build a new symmetric-diffeomorphic HAMMER registration algorithm, called as S-HAMMER. The performance of S-HAMMER has been extensively compared with 14 state-of-the-art nonrigid registration algorithms evaluated in (Klein et al., [2009]: NeuroImage 46:786-802) by using real brain images in LPBA40, IBSR18, CUMC12, and MGH10 datasets. In addition, the registration performance of S-HAMMER, by comparison with other methods, is also demonstrated on both elderly MR brain images (>70 years old) and the simulated brain images with ground-truth deformation fields. In all experiments, our proposed method achieves the best registration performance over all other registration methods, indicating the high applicability of our method in future neuroscience and clinical applications.
Towards autonomous object reconstruction for visual search by the humanoid robot HRP-2 (2007)

This paper deals with the problem of object reconstruction for visual search by a humanoid robot. Three problems necessary to achieve the behavior autonomously are considered: full-body motion generation according to a camera pose, general object representation for visual recognition and pose estimation, and far-away visual detection of an object. First we deal with the problem of generating full body motion for a HRP-2 humanoid robot to achieve camera pose given by a Next Best View algorithm. We use an optimization based approach including self-collision avoidance. This is made possible by a body to body distance function having a continuous gradient. The second problem has received a lot of attention for several decades, and we present a solution based on 3D vision together with SIFTs descriptor, making use of the information available from the robot. It is shown in this paper that one of the major limitation of this model is the perception distance. Thus a new approach based on a generative object model is presented to cope with more difficult situations. It relies on a local representation which allows handling occlusion as well as large scale and pose variations.
Development of a self-transfer robotic facility for elderly and disabled (2015)

In today's world, quality of life is linked with privacy and independence. The elderly and differently abled should not be denied these rights. Creating assistive systems by befriending technology makes a big difference in their lives. This paper addresses the development of a self-transfer facility. The proposed system can be used for transferring a user, with disability in lower limbs, between a wheel chair and a western closet or another chair. A working prototype of a manual self-transfer facility has been developed for proving the concept of operation. The system makes use of the available physical strength of the user for achieving the transfer. The prototype proved the concept of operation of the transfer mechanism by successfully transferring the user, with ease, from a chair to another chair as well as to a western closet.
Automated Battery Swap and Recharge to Enable Persistent UAV Missions (2011)

This paper introduces a hardware platform for automated battery changing and charging for multiple UAV agents. The automated station holds a buffer of 8 batteries in a novel dual-drum structure that enables a “hot ” battery swap, thus allowing the vehicle to remain powered on throughout the battery changing process. Each drum consists of four battery bays, each of which is connected to a smartcharger for proper battery maintenance and charging. The hot-swap capability in combination with local recharging and a large 8-battery capacity allow this platform to refuel multiple UAVs for long-duration and persistent missions with minimal delays and no vehicle shutdowns. Experimental results from the RAVEN indoor flight test facility are presented that demonstrate the capability and robustness of the battery change/charge station in the context of a multi-agent, persistent mission where surveillance is continuously required over a specified region. I.
Varactor-Tuned Dual-Band Quadrature Hybrid Coupler (2006)

A tunable dual-band quadrature hybrid coupler for mobile GSM bands (900 and 1800MHz) is proposed and characterized. The structure is composed of four quarter-wavelength sections at a frequency located between the two operating frequencies and two pairs of open-ended stubs. Frequency tuning is achieved by modifying the electrical length of the open-ended stubs with varactor-diode capacitors. A dual-band tunability of 33% and 10% is obtained for the first and the second bands, respectively
Molecular Cosensitization for Efficient Panchromatic Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (2007)

Dyeing together: An efficient panchromatic dye-sensitized solar cell is constructed by using a “molecular cocktail” composed of an organic dye and a zinc phthalocyanine (see picture). The use of multiple, complementary dyes (cosensitization) is an important step towards solar cells that operate across the full spectrum of solar irradiation. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z703106_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Influence of lauryl betaine on aqueous solution stability, foamability and foam stability (2019)

In gas flooding, one of the major problems in implementing foam as a gas mobility control method is the stability of foam. Foam booster when blended with surfactant could improve the foam stability. However, the influence of foam booster on the conventional foam stability and foamability at elevated temperature and presence of inorganic electrolytes is not yet explicit due to limited studies in this area. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the influence of a foam booster on aqueous solution stability, foamability and foam stability when blended with surfactant at different ratios at an elevated temperature in the presence of brine composed of monovalent and divalent ions. Three different surfactants AOS C14–16 (alpha-olefin sulfonate), SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and a locally manufactured surfactant ‘Surf X’ were chosen as base surfactants. An amphoteric surfactant lauryl betaine was chosen as a foam booster in this study. The aqueous solution stability was visually evaluated, whereas the bulk foam experiments were conducted in a commercial foam analyzer apparatus. It was found that not all solutions were stable when lauryl betaine was blended. Lauryl betaine did not improve the foam generation time. The foam stability was improved; however, not all solutions were able to generate stable foam. ‘Surf X’ was able to generate more stable foam as compared to AOS and when blended with lauryl betaine it also required less amount of lauryl betaine to generate stable foam.
Disorder-Enhanced Transport in Photonic Quasicrystals (2011)

Quasicrystals are aperiodic structures with rotational symmetries forbidden to conventional periodic crystals; examples of quasicrystals can be found in aluminum alloys, polymers, and even ancient Islamic art. Here, we present direct experimental observation of disorder-enhanced wave transport in quasicrystals, which contrasts directly with the characteristic suppression of transport by disorder. Our experiments are carried out in photonic quasicrystals, where we find that increasing disorder leads to enhanced expansion of the beam propagating through the medium. By further increasing the disorder, we observe that the beam progresses through a regime of diffusive-like transport until it finally transitions to Anderson localization and the suppression of transport. We study this fundamental phenomenon and elucidate its origins by relating it to the basic properties of quasicrystalline media in the presence of disorder.
Improved efficacy of a next-generation ERT in murine Pompe disease (2019)

Pompe disease is a rare inherited disorder of lysosomal glycogen metabolism due to acid α-glucosidase (GAA) deficiency. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) using alglucosidase alfa, a recombinant human GAA (rhGAA), is the only approved treatment for Pompe disease. Although alglucosidase alfa has provided clinical benefits, its poor targeting to key disease-relevant skeletal muscles results in suboptimal efficacy. We are developing an rhGAA, ATB200 (Amicus proprietary rhGAA), with high levels of mannose-6-phosphate that are required for efficient cellular uptake and lysosomal trafficking. When administered in combination with the pharmacological chaperone AT2221 (miglustat), which stabilizes the enzyme and improves its pharmacokinetic properties, ATB200/AT2221 was substantially more potent than alglucosidase alfa in a mouse model of Pompe disease. The new investigational therapy is more effective at reversing the primary abnormality - intralysosomal glycogen accumulation - in multiple muscles. Furthermore, unlike the current standard of care, ATB200/AT2221 dramatically reduces autophagic buildup, a major secondary defect in the diseased muscles. The reversal of lysosomal and autophagic pathologies leads to improved muscle function. These data demonstrate the superiority of ATB200/AT2221 over the currently approved ERT in the murine model.
Artemisinin Antimalarials in Pregnancy: A Prospective Treatment Study of 539 Episodes of Multidrug‐Resistant<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> (2001)

The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum compromises the treatment of malaria, especially during pregnancy, where the choice of antimalarials is already limited. Artesunate (n=528) or artemether (n=11) was used to treat 539 episodes of acute P. falciparum malaria in 461 pregnant women, including 44 first-trimester episodes. Most patients (310 [57.5%]) received re-treatments after earlier treatment with quinine or mefloquine. By use of survival analysis, the cumulative artemisinin failure rate for primary infections was 6.6% (95% confidence interval, 1.0-12.3), compared with the re-treatment failure rate of 21.7% (95% confidence interval, 15.4-28.0; P=.004). The artemisinins were well tolerated with no evidence of adverse effects. Birth outcomes did not differ significantly to community rates for abortion, stillbirth, congenital abnormality, and mean gestation at delivery. These results are reassuring, but further information about the safety of these valuable antimalarials in pregnancy is needed.