gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Procedure for correct refocusing of the Rotman lens according to Snell's law (1989)

A procedure is derived for proper refocusing of a dielectric-filled Rotman lens with beam port locations determined according to Snell's law. The theoretical performance of such a lens is compared with that of a conventional design at wide scan angle and the design equations for correct refocusing of the refracting lens derived. The approach provides an alternative lens configuration which may give a wider field of scan, at a given focal length, for lenses fabricated in microstrip or stripline. The presence of grating lobes in the lens is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY IN NEUROSURGERY (2007)

To present applications of magnetoencephalography (MEG) in studies of neurosurgical patients.MEG maps magnetic fields generated by electric currents in the brain, and allows the localization of brain areas producing evoked sensory responses and spontaneous electromagnetic activity. The identified sources can be integrated with other imaging modalities, e.g., with magnetic resonance imaging scans of individual patients with brain tumors or intractable epilepsy, or with other types of brain imaging data.MEG measurements using modern whole-scalp instruments assist in tailoring individual therapies for neurosurgical patients by producing maps of functionally irretrievable cortical areas and by identifying cortical sources of interictal and ictal epileptiform activity. The excellent time resolution of MEG enables tracking of complex spaciotemporal source patterns, helping, for example, with the separation of the epileptic pacemaker from propagated activity. The combination of noninvasive mapping of subcortical pathways by magnetic resonance imaging diffusion tensor imaging with MEG source localization will, in the near future, provide even more accurate navigational tools for preoperative planning. Other possible future applications of MEG include the noninvasive estimation of language lateralization and the follow-up of brain plasticity elicited by central or peripheral neural lesions or during the treatment of chronic pain.MEG is a mature technique suitable for producing preoperative "road maps" of eloquent cortical areas and for localizing epileptiform activity.
Counter rotating fluid atomization (1994)

Studies were conducted of the atomization of molten streams of tin injected into rapidly moving oil contained within the rim of a spinning cup. The method consisted of forcing the melt by centrifugal force through fine orifices on the perimeter of a rotating cup centered within the oil-containing cup. Efforts were directed towards determining the effects of the processing parameters on powder characteristics. Under optimum processing conditions, means particle sizes 90 % of the powder collected was < 30 μm. From the observations made in this study, an attempt was made to formulate a basic understanding of the interactions between the melt stream and the atomizing fluid in such processes
Improvement of the Cycling Performance of LiNi<sub>0.6</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Cathode Active Materials by a Dual-Conductive Polymer Coating (2014)

LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode materials were surface-modified by coating with a dual conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEDOT-co-PEG) copolymer, and their resulting electrochemical properties were investigated. The surface-modified LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material exhibited a high discharge capacity and good high rate performance due to enhanced transport of Li(+) ions as well as electrons. The presence of a protective conducting polymer layer formed on the cathode also suppressed the growth of a resistive layer and inhibited the dissolution of transition metals from the active cathode materials, which resulted in more stable cycling characteristics than the pristine LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material at 55 (o)C.
Six actin gene subfamilies map to five chromosomes of Petunia hybrida. (1990)

The Mitchell variety of Petunia hybrida possesses a superfamily of actin genes which contains between 100 and 200 members that can be divided into at least six highly divergent subfamilies. The segregation of restriction fragment length polymorphisms among 96 plants from two backcrosses between the Violet 23 and Red 51 Petunia varieties and the Violet 23 x Red 51 hybrid was examined using gene-specific probes from six Petunia actin gene subfamilies. These data were compared with the genotypes of each plant at 11 marker loci which are distributed among the seven chromosomes of Petunia and which determine flower, pollen, and isozyme phenotypes. From these analyses, members of these six actin gene subfamilies were mapped to five locations on five Petunia chromosomes: the PAc9, PAc1, PAc4, and PAc2 subfamilies are on chromosomes I, II, III, and VII respectively; the PAc3 and PAc7 subfamilies are tightly linked on chromosome IV. All members of the PAc4 subfamily cosegregated as a cluster of genes. These data are discussed regarding gene amplification in plants.
Follow the Trail: Machine Learning for Fraud Detection in Fintech Applications (2021)

Financial technology, or Fintech, represents an emerging industry on the global market. With online transactions on the rise, the use of IT for automation of financial services is of increasing importance. Fintech enables institutions to deliver services to customers worldwide on a 24/7 basis. Its services are often easy to access and enable customers to perform transactions in real-time. In fact, advantages such as these make Fintech increasingly popular among clients. However, since Fintech transactions are made up of information, ensuring security becomes a critical issue. Vulnerabilities in such systems leave them exposed to fraudulent acts, which cause severe damage to clients and providers alike. For this reason, techniques from the area of Machine Learning (ML) are applied to identify anomalies in Fintech applications. They target suspicious activity in financial datasets and generate models in order to anticipate future frauds. We contribute to this important issue and provide an evaluation on anomaly detection methods for this matter. Experiments were conducted on several fraudulent datasets from real-world and synthetic databases, respectively. The obtained results confirm that ML methods contribute to fraud detection with varying success. Therefore, we discuss the effectiveness of the individual methods with regard to the detection rate. In addition, we provide an analysis on the influence of selected features on their performance. Finally, we discuss the impact of the observed results for the security of Fintech applications in the future.
Impact of solvent selection and temperature on porosity and resistance of printed self‐reducing silver inks (2016)

Reactive metal inks have the potential to replace particle‐based inks for printed metals and electrodes. Recent advances in self‐reducing silver inks have dropped the reduction temperature from >180 °C down to room temperature. However, most reactive inks are printed at room temperature and sintered at an elevated temperature to achieve good electrical resistivity. In this work, we demonstrate that low electrical resistivity (1.8 μΩcm) can be achieved by adjusting solvent selection and printing at slightly elevated temperatures. This work examines the impact of solvent type and substrate temperature on the resulting morphology and electrical properties of silver films printed with a self‐reducing silver‐diamine ink. We show that morphology, porosity, and media resistivity can be controlled to produce a dense film without sintering. The porosity was adjusted from 93% down to 50% and the media resistivity two orders of magnitude from 180 μΩcm down to 1.8 μΩcm. The lowest media resistivity was found for a 10:1‐EtOH:Ag ink printed at 66 °C. Overall, this process demonstrates that highly conductive silver films can be printed at low temperatures with broad control over morphology and without post‐print annealing. Reactive inks print silver with controllable porosity.
Novel Anti-Metastatic Action of Cidofovir Mediated by Inhibition of E6/E7, CXCR4 and Rho/ROCK Signaling in HPV+ Tumor Cells (2009)

Cervical cancer is frequently associated with HPV infection. The expression of E6 and E7 HPV oncoproteins is a key factor in its carcinogenicity and might also influence its virulence, including metastatic conversion. The cellular mechanisms involved in metastatic spread remain elusive, but pro-adhesive receptors and their ligands, such as SDF-1alpha and CXCR4 are implicated. In the present study, we assessed the possible relationship between SDF-1alpha/CXCR4 signaling, E6/E7 status and the metastatic process. We found that SDF-1alpha stimulated the invasion of E6/E7-positive cancer cell lines (HeLa and TC-1) in Matrigel though CXCR4 and subsequent Rho/ROCK activation. In pulmonary metastatic foci generated by TC-1 cells IV injection a high proportion of cells expressed membrane-associated CXCR4. In both cases models (in vitro and in vivo) cell adhesion and invasion was abrogated by CXCR4 immunological blockade supporting a contribution of SDF-1alpha/CXCR4 to the metastatic process. E6 and E7 silencing using stable knock-down and the approved anti-viral agent, Cidofovir decreased CXCR4 gene expression as well as both, constitutive and SDF-1alpha-induced cell invasion. In addition, Cidofovir inhibited lung metastasis (both adhesion and invasion) supporting contribution of E6 and E7 oncoproteins to the metastatic process. Finally, potential signals activated downstream SDF-1alpha/CXCR4 and involved in lung homing of E6/E7-expressing tumor cells were investigated. The contribution of the Rho/ROCK pathway was suggested by the inhibitory effect triggered by Cidofovir and further confirmed using Y-27632 (a small molecule ROCK inhibitor). These data suggest a novel and highly translatable therapeutic approach to cervix cancer, by inhibition of adhesion and invasion of circulating HPV-positive tumor cells, using Cidofovir and/or ROCK inhibition.
Proliferative and Non-Proliferative Lesions of the Rat and Mouse Integument (2013)

The INHAND (International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria for Lesions in Rats and Mice) project is a joint initiative of the societies of toxicological pathology from Europe (ESTP), Great Britain (BSTP), Japan (JSTP) and North America (STP). Its aim is to develop an internationally-accepted nomenclature for proliferative and non-proliferative lesions in laboratory rodents. A widely accepted international harmonization of nomenclature in laboratory animals will decrease confusion among regulatory and scientific research organizations in different countries and will provide a common language to increase and enrich international exchanges of information among toxicologists and pathologists. The purpose of this publication is to provide a standardized nomenclature for classifying microscopical lesions observed in the integument of laboratory rats and mice. Example colour images are provided for most lesions. The standardized nomenclature presented in this document and additional colour images are also available electronically at http://www.goreni.org. The nomenclature presented herein is based on histopathology databases from government, academia, and industrial laboratories throughout the world, and covers lesions that develop spontaneously as well as those induced by exposure to various test materials. (DOI: 10.1293/tox.26.27S; J Toxicol Pathol 2013; 26: 27S-57S).
The viscosity of the Zr46.75Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5 bulk metallic glass forming alloy in the supercooled liquid (1995)

The viscosity of the Zr46.75Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5 bulk metallic glass forming alloy in the supercooled liquid was measured using parallel plate rheometry. The measurements were carried out with different heating rates between 0.0167 and 1.167 K/s as well as isothermally. Because of the high thermal stability above the glass transition of this bulk metallic glass former with respect to crystallization, it was possible to measure viscosities in the range from 1010 to 106 poise. This region of viscosities has not been previously measured for supercooled metallic melts. Our measurements suggest that the viscosity of the supercooled liquid of this bulk glass former exhibits a small Vogel–Fulcher temperature relative to the glass transition temperature, similar to silicate glasses.
Venous ultrasound catheter-tip technique for evaluation of arterial hemodynamics (1976)

A variety of devices has been used for measuring flow properties of deep-lying arteries, but many have limitations. This paper describes a relatively nontraumatic intravenous approach which uses a catheter in connection with a pulsed ultrasonic Doppler velocity meter (PUDVM) and an ultrasound echo track. The venous ultrasound catheter (VUC) has permitted measurements of local instantaneols blood velocity, flow, and wall motion in the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries of beagle dogs; evaluation studies have been conducted to compare the VUC recordings with an independent method for measuring blood flow and wall motion. Coupling of this catheter-tip device with the PUDVM and echo track provides chronic measurements of hemodynamic parameters in these deep vessels which were virtually impossible to obtain previously. This technique may prove useful in monitoring vessel pathology longitudinally as well as in basic experimental situations requiring flow and arterial wall mechanical properties.
Geminal Silicon/Zinc Reagent as an Equivalent of Difluoromethylene Bis-carbanion (2014)

A new difluorinated reagent, [difluoro(trimethylsilyl)methyl]zinc bromide, bearing C-Zn and C-Si bonds is described. The reagent is conveniently prepared by cobalt-catalyzed halogen/zinc exchange. It can be coupled with two different C-electrophiles in a stepwise manner (with allylic halides for C-Zn bond and aldehydes for C-Si bond) affording products containing a difluoromethylene fragment.
Application of Deterministic and Probabilistic System Design Methods and Enhancements of Conceptual Design Tools for ERA Project (2016)

This report documents work done by the Aerospace Systems Design Lab (ASDL) at the Georgia Institute of Technology, Daniel Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate, Integrated System Research Program, Environmentally Responsible Aviation (ERA) This report was prepared under contract NNL12AA12C, Application of Deterministic and Probabilistic System Design Methods and Enhancement of Conceptual Design Tools for ERA Project. The research within this report addressed the Environmentally Responsible Aviation (ERA) project goal stated in the NRA solicitation advance vehicle concepts and technologies that can simultaneously reduce fuel burn, noise, and To identify technology and vehicle solutions that simultaneously meet these three metrics requires the use of system-level analysis with the appropriate level of fidelity to quantify feasibility, benefits and degradations, and associated risk. In order to perform the system level analysis, the Environmental Design Space (EDS) [Kirby 2008, Schutte 2012a] environment developed by ASDL was used to model both conventional and unconventional configurations as well as to assess technologies from the ERA and N+2 timeframe portfolios. A well-established system design approach was used to perform aircraft conceptual design studies, including technology trade studies to identify technology portfolios capable of accomplishing the ERA project goal and to obtain accurate tradeoffs between performance, noise, and emissions. The ERA goal, shown in Figure 1, is to simultaneously achieve the N+2 benefits of a cumulative noise margin of 42 EPNdB relative to stage 4, a 75 percent reduction in LTO NOx emissions relative to CAEP 6 and a 50 percent reduction in fuel burn relative to the 2005 best in class aircraft. There were 5 research task associated with this research: 1) identify technology collectors, 2) model technology collectors in EDS, 3) model and assess ERA technologies, 4) LTO and cruise emission prediction, and 5) probabilistic analysis of technology collectors and portfolios.
Purification and Properties of Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase from Chinese Cabbage (1998)

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL; EC 4.3.1.5), the first enzyme in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, catalyzes the elimination reaction of ammonium ion from L-phenylalanine. PAL was purified from the cytosolic fraction of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp. napus var. pekinensis) through ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-cellulose chromatography, Sephadex G-200 chromatography, and Q-Sepharose chromatography. It consists of four identical subunits, the molecular mass of which was estimated to be about 38,000 daltons on SDS-PAGE. The optimal pH and temperature of the purified enzyme are 8~9 and , respectively. Its activity is greatly inhibited by ion, and strongly activated by caffeic acid. The purified PAL has some different characteristics compared to those obtained with other PALs.
Modulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and poly(adenosine diphosphoribose) metabolism by the synthetic "C" nucleoside analogs, tiazofurin and selenazofurin. A new strategy for cancer chemotherapy. (1985)

Tiazofurin (2-beta-D-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide) and selenazofurin (2-beta-D-ribofuranosylselenazole-4-carboxamide) are synthetic "C" nucleosides whose antineoplastic activity depends on their conversion to tiazofurin-adenine dinucleotide and selenazofurin-adenine dinucleotide which are analogs of NAD. The present study was conducted to determine whether these nucleoside analogs and their dinucleotide derivatives interfere with NAD metabolism and in particular with the NAD-dependent enzyme, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Incubation of L1210 cells with 10 microM tiazofurin or selenazofurin resulted in inhibition of cell growth, reduction of cellular NAD content, and interference with NAD synthesis. Using [14C]nicotinamide to study the uptake of nicotinamide and its conversion to NAD, we showed that the analogs interfere with NAD synthesis, apparently by blocking formation of nicotinamide mononucleotide. The analogs also serve as weak inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, which is an NAD-utilizing, chromatin-bound enzyme, whose function is required for normal DNA repair processes. Continuous incubation of L1210 cells in tiazofurin or selenazofurin resulted in progressive and synergistic potentiation of the cytotoxic effects of DNA-damaging agents, such as 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea or N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. These studies provide a basis for designing chemotherapy combinations in which tiazofurin or selenazofurin are used to modulate NAD and poly(ADP-ribose) metabolism to synergistically potentiate the effects of DNA strand-disrupting agents.
Effect of Dextran Sulfate (MDS) on Prevention of Ischemic Heart Disease in Double Blind Primary Prevention Trial (1987)

A primary prevention study based on the double blind method was conducted to clarify both the improvement of serum lipid levels and the prevention of the arteriosclerotic diseases through the long-term administration (3 to 5 years) of MDS (1, 800mg per day) to male subjects with asymptomatic hyperlipidemia (136 in MDS group, 136 in control group), whose ages ranged from 30 to 60 years old. During the study, four ischemic heart diseases occurred in the control group, while no such diseases occurred in the MDS group. Thus, the incidence of ischemic heart diseases was significantly lowered in the MDS group, in which serum lipid levels in type IIa and type IIb hyperlipidemia were significantly lowered. The first primary prevention study for the arteriosclerotic diseases through the double blind method in Japan proved that the long-term administration of MDS at 1, 800mg per day was useful for improving serum lipid levels, and effective for the primary prevention of ischemic heart diseases such as myocardial infarction and angina pectoris.
Diethylzinc-Dihydric Phenol System as Catalyst for the Copolymerization of Carbon Dioxide with Propylene Oxide (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiethylzinc-Dihydric Phenol System as Catalyst for the Copolymerization of Carbon Dioxide with Propylene OxideMakoto Kobayashi, Shohei Inoue, and Teiji TsurutaCite this: Macromolecules 1971, 4, 5, 658–659Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60023a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60023a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views365Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Use of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Measure Antibody Responses in Turkeys against Pasteurella multocida (1981)

AN enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a microtiter agglutination (MA) test were used in a comparative study to measure the humoral antibody responses of turkeys receiving oral vaccination against fowl cholera. The ELISA was sensitive and measured antibody titers as high as 1:4,409, whereas the highest titers the MA test measured were 1:128. A close correlation was seen between ELISA antibody titers and protection against oral challenge with virulent Pasteurella multocida, whereas a poor correlation was seen between antibody titers measured by MA tests and protection. ELISA substrate reactions from a single serum dilution, measured with a spectrophotometer, could be converted directly from absorbance to antibody titers using a linear regression plot.
Microtext (1972)

The Microtext system represents a new approach to the design and implementation of a full-text retrieval system. The approach is unusual in that it integrates hardware, firmware, and software components in an attempt to provide a solution to the problems involved in processing large files of unformatted textual data. The system is based on a minicomputer specialized for high-speed full-text retrieval, through the use of a finite state search algorithm implemented in firmware.
Acute diquat poisoning with intracerebral bleeding (2001)

A case of severe diquat poisoning complicated by the development of aggressive behaviour, oliguric renal failure, and intracerebral bleeding is described. The patient was successfully managed and made a complete recovery. In this paper special attention has been given to the major clinical differences between diquat and paraquat intoxication.
Mobile augmented reality system for in-situ 3D modeling and authoring (2014)

This paper proposes a mobile augmented reality system that can model 3D virtual objects and author augmented reality contents on site. The differences of the proposed system from the existing ones are an interaction approaches used to generate and manipulate primitives and additional features such as a shadow and a multi-freezing mode to create realistic augmented reality contents efficiently.