gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclocryotherapy: a review of cases over a 10-year period. (1990)

There are conflicting reports on the value of cyclocryotherapy in the management of glaucoma. This retrospective study was carried out to assess the efficacy and complication rate of this procedure. The case notes of all patients undergoing cyclocryotherapy at a single centre over a 10-year period were reviewed. Case records were available for 68 eyes of 64 people. Thirty-eight eyes had neovascular glaucoma, nine had aphakic glaucoma, nine had angle closure glaucoma, three had primary open angle glaucoma, and nine had secondary open angle glaucoma. The mean follow-up periods for these groups varied from 2.0-6.3 years. The mean reduction in intraocular pressure following treatment varied from 7.9 mm Hg in the secondary open angle glaucoma group to 24.3 mm Hg in those with angle closure glaucoma. Pressure was controlled in 29.4% overall, ranging from 66.7% in the angle closure and primary open angle groups to 0% in the secondary open angle group. Of the painful eyes 71% were rendered comfortable, indicating that pain relief from cyclocryotherapy is not due solely to pressure control. 30% of the patients lost their vision following the procedure, phthisis occurred in 11.8% and four eyes (5.9%) went on to enucleation. Our results indicate that cyclocryotherapy affords good pain relief, without good pressure control, in various types of glaucoma. While there is an apparent high complication rate, visual loss and phthisis cannot be ascribed directly to the procedure, since these are eyes with a poor prognosis.
An assessment of a system to monitor the activity of patients in a rehabilitation programme (1979)

The need for an objective quantitative method of monitoring performance in the natural environment for use in a rehabilitation programme is discussed. A system of monitoring the number of steps taken has been developed for an amputee programme as a first attempt towards this goal. Instrumentation consists of an inexpensive foot switch, a storage unit and a retrieval unit. Early clinical experience indicates this system may be of value in the rehabilitation programme by (1) indicating low or unusual activity and alerting clinical staff to identify the cause. (2) Restricting the over-anxious patient when excessive activity is contra-indicated. (3) Identifying poor use of the prosthesis in the home environment. (4) Providing motivation for patients to set personal goals. (5) Acting as a base line for the evaluation of research and development of new techniques.
Synthesis and Microwave Dielectric Properties of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–xB<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Based Melt Mixtures for Low-Temperature Cofired Ceramics (2005)

La 2 O 3 – x B 2 O 3 -based melts were fabricated. Two kinds of melts, crystalline at x =2 and amorphous at x =3 with ZnO additions, were obtained. The microwave dielectric properties and microstructure of the ceramics prepared from the melts and calcined La 2 O 3 –B 2 O 3 were investigated. Several mixtures of 50 wt % melts and 50 wt % calcined powder were fireable around 900°C, which was a low firing temperature for cofiring with a low-loss conductor. Among them, the dielectric properties for a fired mixture of 50 wt % La 2 O 3 –2B 2 O 3 –0.5ZnO melt and 50 wt % calcined powder showed an fQ value of about 30000 GHz and ε r =9–10 at 13 GHz. 5 wt % crystalline additives fired at 925°C, which have the same composition as the host ceramic material, increased fQ to 63000 GHz. The mixtures of 20–80 wt % crystalline melt and 80–20 wt % amorphous melt were also sinterable below 900°C. The best dielectric properties, fQ =72000 GHz and ε r =8 at 13 GHz, with low firing temperatures were exhibited when the mixing ratio was 20 wt % crystalline melt and 80 wt % amorphous melt. The green sheet, which contained two kinds of melts, could be cofired with Ag at 900°C.
Highly reliable Au-Sn bonding with background GaAs LSI chips (2002)

GaAs LSI chips (5.40mm*5.18 mm) with ground back-surfaces (R/sub max/=0.1-1.0 mu m) have been successfully bonded on alumina substrates using Au-Sn (80-20 wt.%) eutectic alloy with well-controlled scrubbing action. The authors investigated the reliability of mechanically ground chips through die-shear and thermal shock tests. No chip fracture occurred and no induced void was observed with scanning acoustic microscopy. The shear strength of the chips after thermal shocks remained at more than 10 kg, clearly passing the MIL-STD-883C test. Surface flaws due to back-grinding, which would cause chip fracture, were completely eliminated by slight chemical etching after back-grinding. Scrubbing action was confirmed to be necessary to obtain void-free bondings consistently in low-cost production. The Sn in the Au-Sn preform easily forms an oxide film at the surface, which tends to prevent wetting at the bonding interface. This tin oxide film (300-400 AA) was observed through Auger electron spectroscopy to be broken down by scrubbing action.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
VSV-GP: a Potent Viral Vaccine Vector That Boosts the Immune Response upon Repeated Applications (2014)

Although there has been great progress in treatment and prevention of infectious diseases in the past several years, effective vaccines against some of the most serious infections, e.g., AIDS, malaria, hepatitis C, or tuberculosis, are urgently needed. Here, several approaches based on viral vector vaccines are under development. However, for all viral vaccine vectors currently in clinical testing, repeated application is limited by neutralizing antibodies to the vector itself. Here, we have exploited the potential of vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotyped with the glycoprotein of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (VSV-GP) as a vaccine platform. VSV-GP is the first replication-competent viral vector vaccine that does not induce vector-specific humoral immunity, i.e., neutralizing antibodies, and therefore can boost immune responses against a foreign antigen by repeated applications. The vector allows introduction of various antigens and therefore can serve as a platform technology for the development of novel vaccines against a broad spectrum of diseases.
The Activity of Immunoregulatory T Cells Mediating Active Tolerance Is Potentiated in Nonobese Diabetic Mice by an IL-4-Based Retroviral Gene Therapy (2001)

Splenocytes from nonobese diabetic mice overexpressing murine IL (mIL)-4 upon recombinant retrovirus infection lose their capacity to transfer diabetes to nonobese diabetic-scid recipients. Diabetes appeared in 0-20% of mice injected with mIL-4-transduced cells vs 80-100% of controls injected with beta-galactosidase-transduced cells. Protected mice showed a majority of islets (60%) presenting with noninvasive peri-insulitis at variance with beta-galactosidase controls that exhibited invasive/destructive insulitis. Importantly, in all recipients, the transduced proteins were detected within islet infiltrates. Infiltrating lymphocytes from recipients of mIL-4-transduced cells produced high levels of mIL-4, as assessed by ELISA. In recipients of beta-galactosidase-transduced cells, approximately 60% of TCRalphabeta(+) islet-infiltrating cells expressed beta-galactosidase, as assessed by flow cytometry. The protection from disease transfer is due to a direct effect of mIL-4 gene therapy on immunoregulatory T cells rather than on diabetogenic cells. mIL-4-transduced purified CD62L(-) effector cells or transgenic BDC2.5 diabetogenic T cells still transferred disease efficiently. Conversely, mIL-4 transduction up-regulated the capacity of purified immunoregulatory CD62L(+) cells to inhibit disease transfer. These data open new perspectives for gene therapy in insulin-dependent diabetes using T cells devoid of any intrinsic diabetogenic potential.
Catalytic Growth and Characterization of Gallium Nitride Nanowires (2001)

The preparation of high-purity and -quality gallium nitride nanowires is accomplished by a catalytic growth using gallium and ammonium. A series of catalysts and different reaction parameters were applied to systematically optimize and control the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth of the nanowires. The resulting nanowires show predominantly wurtzite phase; they were up to several micrometers in length, typically with diameters of 10-50 nm. A minimum nanowire diameter of 6 nm has been achieved. Temperature dependence of photoluminescence spectra of the nanowires revealed that the emission mainly comes from wurtzite GaN with little contribution from the cubic phase. Moreover, the thermal quenching of photoluminescence was much reduced in the GaN nanowires. The Raman spectra showed five first-order phonon modes. The frequencies of these peaks were close to those of the bulk GaN, but the modes were significantly broadened, which is indicative of the phonon confinement effects associated with the nanoscale dimensions of the system. Additional Raman modes, not observed in the bulk GaN, were found in the nanowires. The field emission study showing notable emission current with low turn-on field suggests potential of the GaN nanowires in field emission applications. This work opens a wide route toward detailed studies of the fundamental properties and potential applications of semiconductor nanowires.
Contribution of serotype-specific IgG concentration, IgG subclasses and relative antibody avidity to opsonophagocytic activity against <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (1999)

The contribution of serotype-specific IgG concentration, subclasses, and avidity to opsonophagocytic activity (OPA) against Streptococcus pneumoniae (Pnc) was evaluated in sera of adults and infants immunized with different pneumococcal vaccines. Antibody concentrations and avidities were measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and OPAs by killing assay of Pnc. The most important factor contributing positively to OPA was the specific IgG level. In infants, a tendency to negative correlation was found between the concentration needed for killing of bacteria and avidity, suggesting that less antibodies of high rather than low avidity were required for killing. No such correlation was seen in adults. However, in adults the avidity was high already before vaccination and the variation was narrow. Thus, avidity was probably not a limiting factor influencing OPA. The effect of IgG2/IgG1 ratio on OPA was mostly negative but insignificant.
Full and empty particles of hepatitis B virus in hepatocytes from patients with HBsAg-positive chronic active hepatitis. (1983)

Complete and defective hepatitis B virus (HBV) particles in sera and hepatocytes were observed by electron microscopy for an understanding of the maturation process of hepatitis B virus. To distinguish Dane particles with or without DNA on the basis of staining density with uranyl acetate, Dane particles, purified from sera of asymptomatic carriers, and Dane particle cores, separated by ultracentrifugation in a metrizamide density gradient, were observed by electron microscopy. Complete cores at a low density (1.19 to 1.23 gm/cm3) were electron dense and incomplete cores at a high density (1.23 to 1.27 gm/cm3) were partially electron dense or empty. These findings demonstrated that the presence or absence of DNA is reflected by the electron density of the core. Our result, in which less than 10% serum Dane particles have full cores in ultrathin sections of the pellet, is in agreement with Gerin's finding that defective Dane particles are predominent in sera. Naked core particles and Dane particles in two biopsy specimens from patients with hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B e antigen, and DNA polymerase-positive, chronic active hepatitis were classified into complete versus incomplete particles on the basis of electron density. Nine hundred and fourteen naked core particles were detected in nuclei and cytosol of 68 hepatocytes. One hundred and five core particles (11.5%) were electron dense and 809 core particles (88.5%) were partially electron dense or empty. Furthermore, 488 Dane particles were observed in the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum of these hepatocytes. Fifty Dane particles (10.2%) had full cores, and 438 Dane particles (89.8%) had partially full or empty cores. These findings suggest that DNA may be incorporated into about 1 to 10% of core particles when they are assembled in nuclei of hepatocytes. Morphologic differences in damage to hepatocytes containing various frequencies of full Dane particles were also studied, but no significant correlation was found between damage in hepatocytes and frequency of full Dane particles.
Integrating Renewable Energy Using Data Analytics Systems: Challenges and Opportunities. (2011)

The variable and intermittent nature of many renewable energy sources makes integrating them into the electric grid challenging and limits their penetration. The current grid requires expensive, largescale energy storage and peaker plants to match such supplies to conventional loads. We present an alternative solution, in which supply-following loads adjust their power consumption to match the available renewable energy supply. We show Internet data centers running batched, data analytic workloads are well suited to be such supply-following loads. They are large energy consumers, highly instrumented, agile, and contain much scheduling slack in their workloads. We explore the problem of scheduling the workload to align with the time-varying available wind power. Using simulations driven by real life batch workloads and wind power traces, we demonstrate that simple, supply-following job schedulers yield 40-60 % better renewable energy penetration than supply-oblivious schedulers. 1
Differentiated Management Strategies for Multi-Hop Multi-Path Heterogeneous Connectivity in Mobile Environments (2011)

The widespread availability of mobile devices with multiple wireless interfaces, such as UMTS/GPRS, IEEE 802.11a/b/g and Bluetooth, is pushing for the support of multi-homing and multi-channel connectivity, also enabled by multi-hop cooperative paths to the Internet. The goal is to transparently allow the synergic exploitation of "best" connectivity opportunities available at runtime, by enabling cooperative connectivity, extended wireless coverage, and effective load balancing (for both energy and bandwidth consumption). To this purpose, we claim the need for innovative, lightweight, and proactive evaluation metrics for connectivity management by exploiting application-level awareness of expected node mobility, path throughput, and energy availability. To demonstrate the effectiveness of these solution guidelines for Multi-hop Multi-path Heterogeneous Connectivity (MMHC), we have designed, implemented, and thoroughly evaluated our evaluation metrics on top of the MMHC middleware, which are original because they i) enable the management of multiple multi-hop paths, also made up by heterogeneous wireless links, ii) support connectivity management decisions depending on dynamically gathered context indicators, and iii) can proactively trigger management operations with limited overhead. The extensive set of reported results, from both simulations and real testbed, provides a useful guide for the full understanding of how, to what extent, and which context-based evaluation metrics can enable effective MMHC management in differentiated application/deployment scenarios.
A 85 μW asynchronous filter-bank for a digital hearing aid (2002)

This asynchronous re-implementation of a 7-band interpolated FIR (IFIR) filter bank is part of the DigiFocus digital hearing aid manufactured by Oticon Inc. When processing typical data (less than 50 dB sound pressure), the power consumption of the asynchronous chip is 85 /spl mu/W-more than 5 times less than the existing synchronous design.
Conjugated nitroalkenes: versatile intermediates in organic synthesis (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConjugated nitroalkenes: versatile intermediates in organic synthesisAnthony G. M. Barrett and Gregory G. GraboskiCite this: Chem. Rev. 1986, 86, 5, 751–762Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00075a002https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00075a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3146Altmetric-Citations432LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Surface tension of milks and milk concentrates (2004)

Surface tension is an important property in milk concentrates because it affects atomisation in spray drying. The Wilhelmy plate method was used in this work and force measurements were made with a Kr ss tensiometer. Skim milk and whole milk were tested at a range of solids concentrations (41 to 53%) and were compared with standard milks (10 and 12% solids concentration). Surface tension was affected significantly more by temperature than by fat content or solids concentration. The surface tensions for all concentrates were between 40 and 48 mN/m, corresponding to literature values and showing the same downward trend with temperature below 60 degreesC. Above 60 degreesC, the surface tension increased markedly, which can be attributed to changes in the milk chemistry. The difficulty associated with using the Wilhelmy plate method is the time taken to perform each measurement, which allows a skin to form and affects the calculation of the surface tension.
Diagnostic evaluation of appendiceal orifice inflammation in ulcerative colitis (2016)

Combining AOI features and proctitis may lead to a more effective UC diagnosis and enable physicians to identify this condition more promptly among miscellaneous diseases.
An accurate and efficient model for boron implants through thin oxide layers into single-crystal silicon (1995)

This paper presents a computationally efficient and accurate depth profile model for boron implants through a thin (0-50 nm) oxide layer into single-crystal silicon. This is the first reported model with explicit dependence on all of the key implant parameters, which include oxide thickness, implant energy, dose, tilt angle, and rotation angle. The detailed effects of thin oxide layers on the tilt and rotation angle, as well as the dose and energy dependencies of boron profiles, have been studied as the basis of the model. It is shown that this model is able to predict the profile dependencies very well, including subtle, unexpected behavior of the implanted profiles for certain implant conditions. The model has been implemented into SUPREM 3, SUPREM 4, and FLOOPS in order to demonstrate its capabilities.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Flavopereirine—An Alkaloid Derived from Geissospermum vellosii—Presents Leishmanicidal Activity In Vitro (2019)

Chemotherapy is limited in the treatment of leishmaniasis due to the toxic effects of drugs, low efficacy of alternative treatments, and resistance of the parasite. This work assesses the in vitro activity of flavopereirine on promastigote cultures of <i>Leishmania amazonensis</i>. In addition, an in silico evaluation of the physicochemical characteristics of this alkaloid is performed. The extract and fractions were characterized by thin-layer chromatography and HPLC-DAD, yielding an alkaloid identified by NMR. The antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity were assayed by cell viability test (MTT). The theoretical molecular properties were calculated on the Molinspiration website. The fractionation made it possible to isolate a beta-carboline alkaloid (flavopereirine) in the alkaloid fraction. Moreover, it led to obtaining a fraction with greater antileishmanial activity, since flavopereirine is very active. Regarding the exposure time, a greater inhibitory effect of flavopereirine was observed at 24 h and 72 h (IC<sub>50</sub> of 0.23 and 0.15 μg/mL, respectively). The extract, fractions, and flavopereirine presented low toxicity, with high selectivity for the alkaloid. Furthermore, flavopereirine showed no violation of Lipinski's rule of five, showing even better results than the known inhibitor of oligopeptidase B, antipain, with three violations. Flavopereirine also interacted with residue Tyr-499 of oligopeptidase B during the molecular dynamics simulations, giving a few insights of a possible favorable mechanism of interaction and a possible inhibitory pathway. Flavopereirine proved to be a promising molecule for its antileishmanial activity.
WDR5 high expression and its effect on tumorigenesis in leukemia (2016)

WD repeat domain 5 (WDR5) plays an important role in various biological functions through the epigenetic regulation of gene transcription. However, the oncogenic effect of WDR5 in leukemia remains largely unknown. Here, we found WDR5 expression is increased in leukemia patients. High expression of WDR5 is associated with high risk leukemia; Patients with WDR5 and MLL1 high expression have poor complete remission rate. We further identified the global genomic binding of WDR5 in leukemic cells and found the genomic co-localization of WDR5 binding with H3K4me3 enrichment. Moreover, WDR5 knockdown by shRNA suppresses cell proliferation, induces apoptosis, inhibits the expression of WDR5 targets, and blocks the H3K4me3 enrichment on the promoter of its targets. We also observed the positive correlation of WDR5 expression with these targets in the cohort study of leukemia patients. Our data reveal that WDR5 may have oncogenic effect and WDR5-mediated H3K4 methylation plays an important role in leukemogenesis.
Lansoprazole Fast Disintegrating Tablet: A New Formulation for an Established Proton Pump Inhibitor (2003)

Lansoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) which is an effective and well-tolerated treatment option in the management of acid-related disorders. Lansoprazole fast disintegrating tablet (LFDT)--a new, patient-friendly and more convenient formulation of lansoprazole which can be taken with or without water--is the first PPI to be made available as an orally disintegrating tablet. It represents an innovative drug delivery system, comprising enteric-coated microgranules of lansoprazole compressed with an inactive, rapidly dispersing matrix to form a tablet. When the tablet is placed on the tongue and sucked gently it disintegrates rapidly in the mouth, releasing the enteric-coated microgranules which are swallowed with the patient's saliva without water. Alternatively, the tablet can be swallowed with a drink of water. Studies have shown that the bioavailability of LFDT is comparable to lansoprazole capsules, at both 15 and 30 mg doses; the indications and recommended dosages for LFDT are therefore identical to lansoprazole capsules. The new formulation may be of particular benefit to those with active life-styles who do not always have water available, patients who have difficulty in swallowing, and elderly patients.