gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Couette flow of two fluids between concentric cylinders (1985)

We consider the flow of two immiscible fluids lying between concentric cylinders when the outer cylinder is fixed and the inner one rotates. The interface is assumed to be concentric with the cylinders, and gravitational effects are neglected. We present a numerical study of the effect of different viscosities, different densities and surface tension on the linear stability of the Couette flow. Our results indicate that, with surface tension, a thin layer of the less-viscous fluid next to either cylinder is linearly stable and that it is possible to have stability with the less dense fluid lying outside. The stable configuration with the less-viscous fluid next to the inner cylinder is more stable than the one with the less-viscous fluid next to the outer cylinder. The onset of Taylor instability for one-fluid flow may be delayed by the addition of a thin layer of less-viscous fluid on the inner wall and promoted by a thin layer of more-viscous fluid on the inner wall.
Tumour M2-PK as a stool marker for colorectal cancer: comparative analysis in a large sample of unselected older adults vs colorectal cancer patients (2007)

Stool testing based on tumour-derived markers might offer a promising approach for non-invasive colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. The aim of this study was to estimate the potential of a new test for faecal tumour M2-PK to discriminate patients with CRC from a large sample of unselected older adults. Faecal tumour M2-PK concentrations were determined in 65 CRC patients and in a population-based sample of 917 older adults (median age: 65 and 62 years, respectively). Sensitivity and specificity of the test were calculated at different cutoff values, and receiver-operating characteristic curves (ROC) were constructed to visualise the discriminatory power of the test. The median (interquartile range) faecal tumour M2-PK concentration was 8.6 U ml(-1) (2.8-18.0) among CRC patients and <2 U ml(-1) (<2-3.2; P<0.0001) in the population sample. At a cutoff value of 4 U ml(-1), sensitivity (95% confidence interval) was 85% (65-96%) for colon cancer and 56% (41-74%) for rectum cancer. Specificity (95% confidence interval) was estimated to be 79% (76-81%). Given the comparatively high sensitivity of the tumour M2-PK stool test (especially for colon cancer) and its simple analysis, the potential use of the test for early detection of CRC merits further investigation. Possibilities to enhance specificity of the test should be explored.
A Multi-Scale Timeline Slider for Stream Visualization and Control (1999)

We present a new user interface technique for the visualization and playback of long media streams decorated with significant events. Our Multi-Scale Timeline Slider allows users to precisely focus on a specific location in a very long media stream or set of streams based on significant events while also retaining the stream&apos;s entire context. KEYWORDS: Timeline slider control, multimedia streams, visualization, focus + context. INTRODUCTION Applications in automated capture and access for ubiquitous computing generate large amounts of captured streams of information (such as video) and events related to these streams (such as when a particular person in the video is talking). Users often browse the media streams using significant events to help pinpoint an exact location to playback. For example, a user might want to review a series of captured meetings that span a period of 3 months in order to discover what &quot;deadlines&quot; were discussed. This may be accomplished by annotating the vi...
Testing Association of Statistically Inferred Haplotypes with Discrete and Continuous Traits in Samples of Unrelated Individuals (2002)

There have been increasing efforts to relate drug efficacy and disease predisposition with genetic polymorphisms. We present statistical tests for association of haplotype frequencies with discrete and continuous traits in samples of unrelated individuals. Haplotype frequencies are estimated through the expectation-maximization algorithm, and each individual in the sample is expanded into all possible haplotype configurations with corresponding probabilities, conditional on their genotype. A regression-based approach is then used to relate inferred haplotype probabilities to the response. The relationship of this technique to commonly used approaches developed for case-control data is discussed. We confirm the proper size of the test under H(0) and find an increase in power under the alternative by comparing test results using inferred haplotypes with single-marker tests using simulated data. More importantly, analysis of real data comprised of a dense map of single nucleotide polymorphisms spaced along a 12-cM chromosomal region allows us to confirm the utility of the haplotype approach as well as the validity and usefulness of the proposed statistical technique. The method appears to be successful in relating data from multiple, correlated markers to response.
Synthesis and Structural Analysis of (Arylimido)vanadium(V) Complexes Containing Phenoxyimine Ligands: New, Efficient Catalyst Precursors for Ethylene Polymerization (2008)

A series of (arylimido)vanadium(V) complexes containing phenoxyimine ligands of the type V(NAr)Cl2[O-2-R-6-{(2,6-iPr2C6H3)N═CH}C6H3] [Ar = 2,6-Me2C6H3; R = H (1a), Me (1b), tBu (1c)] have been prepared in 64−78% yields from V(NAr)Cl3 with LiO-2-R-6-[(2,6-iPr2C6H3)N═CH]C6H3. The structures for 1a−c determined by X-ray crystallography indicate that these complexes have distorted square-pyramidal structures around vanadium, consisting of the arylimido ligands in the apical site of a distorted square-pyramid and the N,O-chelate ligand, which forms a plane including both the aryloxo ring and the imino nitrogen. The Cl−V−Cl bond angle for 1c [90.49(2)°] is apparently smaller than those in 1a,b [91.97(7)°, 91.25(2)°, respectively], and the V−N(imine) bond distance in 1c [2.203(2) Å] is shorter than those in 1b,c [2.216(4), 2.2165(17) Å, respectively]. These complexes (especially 1c) exhibited notable catalytic activities for ethylene polymerization in the presence of MAO, and the ortho substituent in the aryloxo ligand strongly affected the catalytic activity; the activity of the tBu analogue (1c) was higher than that of the reported V(NAr)Cl2(O-2,6-Me2C6H3) under the same conditions. The reaction of 1.1 equiv of 2-Me-6-{(2,6-iPr2C6H3)N═CH}C6H3OH with V(NAr)Me(N═CtBu2)2 afforded another methyl complex without reaction with the methyl group occurring; unique reactivity of the methyl complex with phenol could thus be observed.
Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma genitalium in Clinical Samples by Polymerase Chain Reaction (1993)

Respiratory tract specimens, 75 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples and 19 throat swabs from 75 hospitalized adult patients (of whom 55 were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus) with pulmonary infiltrates, were examined for Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma genitalium by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Urogenital specimens (103 from 48 male patients with nongonococcal urethritis and 55 female patients with genital infections) were examined for M. genitalium by the same techniques. Cultures of all the samples were negative. The oligonucleotides were chosen from the published nucleotide sequences of the P1 adhesin gene from M. pneumoniae or the MgPa adhesin gene from M. genitalium. The products of PCR were identified by restriction analysis and hybridization. Results of PCR for respiratory specimens were positive for the following mycoplasmas: M. pneumoniae (3 specimens), M. genitalium (1), and both M. pneumoniae and M. genitalium (3). PCR results for eight urogenital samples from male patients were positive for M. genitalium. Differences concerning the restriction sites were observed between respiratory and genital specimens. The major findings of this study are the presence of DNA from M. pneumoniae in respiratory specimens from patients for whom cultures were negative and DNA from M. genitalium in respiratory and urogenital samples.
X‐Ray Structure Investigation of (20<i>S</i>)‐20‐<i>O</i>‐<i>β</i>‐<scp>D</scp>‐Glucopyranosyl‐protopanaxadiol and Antitumor Effect on <i>Lewis</i> Lung Carcinoma <i>in vivo</i> (2009)

(20S)-20-O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-protopanaxadiol (1) has been isolated as a metabolite of ginseng saponins by Paecilomyces bainier. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1) with unit cell parameters a=11.523(6) A, b=12.383(6) A, c=14.233(7) A, beta=96.862(9) degrees , and Z=2. The crystal structure has been solved by direct methods and refined to R=0.0536 for 4569 observed reflections. In the crystal structure, the water and methanol molecules link the molecules into infinite supramolecular layers through hydrogen bonds. The antitumor property of 1 was tested in vivo towards the inhibition of Lewis lung carcinoma growth. The results indicated that the antitumor effect of 1 was ordinary on monotherapy. However, comparing the antitumor activity of 1 plus cyclophosphamide (CTX) with that of CTX alone, the combination effect was significantly superior and synergistic. This may due to immunoloregulation activity of 1 by improving the WBC, IL-2 and INF-gamma degraded by CTX.
Sentiment Classification of Product Reviews Using SVM and Decision Tree Induction (2003)

This paper reports a study in automatic sentiment classification, i.e. automatically classifying documents as expressing positive or negative sentiments/opinions. The study investigates the effectiveness of using SVM (Support Vector Machine) and Decision Tree induction on various text features to classify product reviews into recommended (positive sentiment) and not recommended (negative sentiment). Compared with traditional topical classification, it was hypothesized that syntactic and semantic processing of text would be more important for sentiment classification. In this study, five different approaches, unigrams (individual words), part-of-speech tagging, association rules, use of negation, and use of WordNet synsets (identifying a set of synonyms) were investigated. A sample of 1,800 miscellaneous product reviews was retrieved from Review Centre (www.reviewcentre.com. 2003) for the study. 1,200 reviews were used for training, and 600 for validation. Using SVM, the baseline unigrams approach obtained an accuracy rate of 81.3%. The use of WordNet synsets obtained marginally better result of 81.7%. The other text features did not yield better results. Error analysis suggests 3 approaches for improving classification accuracy: making inference from superficial words, solving the problems of comments on parts and negation. Finally, Decision Tree induction was used to generate a list of indicative words that can identify the polarity of articles.
Influence of Murine Serum Amyloid a 2.1, and its Active Domains, on Human Macrophage Cholesterol Export in Cell Culture (2004)

This chapter aims to determine whether mouse serum amyloid A (SAA) 2.1 exerts these effects on a human derived monocytic cell line, THP-1. THP-1 macrophages, cholesterol loaded with red blood cell membrane fragments and then exposed to liposomes containing individual peptides that span the entire length of mouse SAA2.1. Experiments were also carried out to identify the domains in SAA2.1 that are responsible for enhancing cholesteryl ester hydrolase (CEH) activity in J774 cells that had been pre-loaded and radio-labeled with cholesteryl esters. The chapter also determine the domains of SAA2.1 that are responsible for its inhibitory effect on macrophage cholesterol acyl transferase activity, its promotion of CEH activity and the enhancement of cholesterol efflux from cholesterol-laden macrophages. For the purpose of pool equilibration of the added cholesterol, cell cultures were rinsed twice with PBS-BSA and incubated overnight in RPMI containing 5% LPDS.
Tinmith-evo5 A Software Architecture for Supporting Research Into Outdoor Augmented Reality Environments (2002)

This paper presents a new software architecture we have developed, known as Tinmithevo5, which is designed to streamline the process of writing applications for augmented reality and other types of virtual environments. Writing AR applications can be a complex and time consuming task, as there is little existing technology to support this process. This lack of technology requires the implementation of most systems from the ground up. There are many ways of designing these systems, each having its own set of trade-offs. We present Tinmithevo5 as an architecture to handle this complexity, and have found it to be highly effective for our investigations.
Permanent shadow in simple craters near the lunar poles (2003)

An analysis of simple craters in the lunar polar regions has produced new values for the minimum amount of permanent shadow in these areas, 7500 km 2 and 6500 km 2 , for the north and south pole respectively. These values were obtained by conducting illumination simulations of realistically shaped simple craters, <20 km in diameter, to investigate the size and latitudinal extent of permanently shadowed regions near the lunar poles. Craters as far as 20° from the pole still contain significant amounts of permanent shadow. Larger simple craters have slightly more relative permanent shadow than smaller craters. Seasonal effects are independent of crater size and latitude, with a crater having 15% more of its interior shadowed during a lunar day in winter than in summer.
Preservation of High-Moisture Corn: A Microbiological Evaluation (1975)

Ammonia, ammonium isobutyrate, isobutyric acid, and propionic-aeetic acid at concentrations of .5%, 1.75%, 1.5%, and 1.2%, respectively, were applied to comparable 52.8 m 3 lots of freshly harvested yellow dent corn having a moisture content of 27%. Treated corn was stored in partially open wooden bins. Harvestore~ and barrell storage of untreated corn were included as controls. Temperature and microbiological changes were evaluated tba'oughout 6 mo of storage. As the corn came from the field, log counts of 6.3, 5.8, 5.3, and 3.0 per g were determined for bacteria, molds, yeasts, and actinomycetes, respectively. All chemicals immediately reduced bacterial and actinomycete counts and eliminated molds and yeasts. All treatments after approximately 30 days" storage had secondary fungal growth. Seopulariopsis brevicaulis predominated on ammoniatreated corn; Mueorales, and species of Monascus, Penicillium, Fusarium, and Aspergillus flares, as well as A. fumigatus, were in ammonium isobutyratetreated corn. A. flavus was the predominant mold infecting isobutyrie acid and propionic-acetic acid treated corn late in storage.
Digital spectra of nonuniformly sampled signals: a robust sampling time offset estimation algorithm for ultra high-speed waveform digitizers using interleaving (1990)

The author presents an algorithm for estimating the sampling time offsets encountered at the parallel sampling paths of an ultra-high-speed waveform digitizing system which is realized by interleaving many sample-hold and A/D (analog/digital) converter modules. One obvious application of this algorithm is to feed these estimates back to adjustable delay units in all the sampling paths to compensate the sampling-time offsets. Simulation results indicate that with an 8-bit quantizer the residual timing error can be reduced to just about 0.05% of the sampling period.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Special Invariant Subgroups (1943)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Remote oxidation of unactivated methylene groups (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRemote oxidation of unactivated methylene groupsRonald Breslow and Mitchell A. WinnikCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 11, 3083–3084Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01039a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01039a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views920Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The SEAWOLF Flume: Sediment Erosion Actuated by Wave Oscillations and Linear Flow (2002)

Sandia National Laboratories has previously developed a unidirectional High Shear Stress Sediment Erosion flume for the US Army Corps of Engineers, Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory. The flow regime for this flume has limited applicability to wave-dominated environments. A significant design modification to the existing flume allows oscillatory flow to be superimposed upon a unidirectional current. The new flume simulates highshear stress erosion processes experienced in coastal waters where wave forcing dominates the system. Flow velocity measurements, and erosion experiments with known sediment samples were performed with the new flume. Also, preliminary computational flow models closely simulate experimental results and allow for a detailed assessment of the induced shear stresses at the sediment surface.
Organic light-emitting diode with 20 lm/W efficiency using a triphenyldiamine side-group polymer as the hole transport layer (1999)

We have used triphenyldiamine side-group polymers as hole transport layers in multilayer organic light-emitting diodes using 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq3) as an emission layer. The device efficiency systematically increases as the ionization potential of the hole transport layer is shifted further from the work function of the indium–tin–oxide anode. We attribute this trend to better balance of hole and electron charges in the device. An optimized device consisting of a fluorinated version of the polymer as the hole transport layer, quinacridone doped Al as the emission layer, and a LiF/Al cathode results in a peak external luminous efficiency of 20 lm/W.
Multivariate investigation of <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR shifts of 2‐ and 3‐substituted furans, thiophenes, selenophenes and tellurophenes (1990)

Abstract The effect of substituents on 13 C and 1 H NMR chemical shifts in 2‐ and 3‐substituted furans, thiophenes, seleno‐phenes and tellurophenes was studied by means of principal components analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) analysis. The analysis of the data by PCA showed that for both series the substituents are grouped into four different classes depending on the heteroatom present in the ring, and that the substituent‐heteroatom interaction has the same nature for all the rings. PLS analysis of the data sets allowed the prediction of the chemical shift values of a different ring having the same substituents.
Healing at home: Developing a model for ambulatory alcohol "detox" in an Aboriginal community controlled health service (2017)

Introduction: Indigenous Peoples who have been colonized face a higher burden of harm from alcohol and increased risk of alcohol use disorders. Yet they often also have limited access to alcohol treatment. Limited access to withdrawal management (“detox” in particular) can be a barrier to recovery. Ambulatory or “outpatient” alcohol detox can offer improved treatment access, but no research has examined its feasibility and acceptability in Indigenous populations. Aim: To develop a model for outpatient detox delivered by an Australian Aboriginal community controlled health service (ACCHS), and to describe its feasibility and acceptability. Methods: This report describes a framework for alcohol treatment service development within an ACCHS through community, staff, and client consultation. Thematic analysis of focus groups and phone interviews were used to gain insight into the views and experiences of Aboriginal community stakeholders, service clients, and staff regarding alcohol detox services and the pilot of the outpatient detox program service model. Results: Individual, family, and community support was regarded as key to recovery from alcohol dependence. Outpatient detox was seen as a way of keeping the individual near this support. Reported positive aspects include satisfaction with the approach to care that was considered accessible, holistic, and integrated. Challenges and suggested improvements were identified. Discussion: Outpatient detox within an ACCHS was assessed as feasible and acceptable for carefully selected clients and was reported to aid access to treatment. More clinical experience is needed to fully delineate effectiveness and safety.
Reciprocal Interference between the Sequence-Specific Core and Nonspecific C-Terminal DNA Binding Domains of p53: Implications for Regulation (1997)

The tumor suppressor p53 has two DNA binding domains: a central sequence-specific domain and a C-terminal sequence-independent domain. Here, we show that binding of large but not small DNAs by the C terminus of p53 negatively regulates sequence-specific DNA binding by the central domain. Four previously described mechanisms for activation of specific DNA binding operate by blocking negative regulation. Deletion of the C terminus of p53 activates specific DNA binding only in the presence of large DNA. Three activator molecules (a small nucleic acid, a monoclonal antibody against the p53 C terminus, and a C-terminal peptide of p53) stimulate sequence-specific DNA binding only in the presence of both large DNA and p53 with an intact C terminus. Our findings argue that interactions of the C terminus of p53 with genomic DNA in vivo would prevent p53 binding to specific promoters and that cellular mechanisms to block C-terminal DNA binding would be required.
Predicting the outcome of prostate biopsy: comparison of a novel logistic regression‐based model, the prostate cancer risk calculator, and prostate‐specific antigen level alone (2009)

ROC analyses show that the PCPT risk calculator modestly improves the performance of PSA level alone in predicting an individual's risk of prostate cancer or high-grade disease on biopsy. This predictive tool might be enhanced by including percentage free PSA and the number of biopsy cores.