gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Secondary Carotenoid Accumulation in Haematococcus (Chlorophyceae): Biosynthesis, Regulation, and Biotechnology (2006)

Unicellular green algae of the genus Haematococcus have been studied extensively as model organisms for secondary carotenoid accumulation. Upon environmental stress, such as strong irradiance or nitrogen deficiency, unicellular green algae of the genus Haematococcus accumulate secondary carotenoids in vesicles in the cytosol. Because secondary carotenoid accumulation occurs only upon specific environmental stimuli, there is speculation about the regulation of the biosynthetic pathway specific for secondary carotenogenesis. Because the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway is located both in the chloroplast and the cytosol, communication between both cellular compartments must be considered. Recently, the induction and regulation of astaxanthin biosynthesis in microalgae received considerable attention because of the increasing use of this secondary carotenoid as a source of pigmentation for fish aquaculture, as a component in cancer prevention, and as a free-radical quencher. This review summarizes the biosynthesis and regulation of the pathway, as well as the biotechnology of astaxanthin production in Haematococcus.
Meetings about meetings: research at ICSI on speech in multiparty conversations (2004)

In early 2001, we reported (at the Human Language Technology meeting) the early stages of an ICSI (International Computer Science Institute) project on processing speech from meetings (in collaboration with other sites, principally SRI, Columbia, and UW). We report our progress from the first few years of this effort, including: the collection and subsequent release of a 75-meeting corpus (over 70 meeting-hours and up to 16 channels for each meeting); the development of a prosodic database for a large subset of these meetings, and its subsequent use for punctuation and disfluency detection; the development of a dialog annotation scheme and its implementation for a large subset of the meetings; and the improvement of both near-mic and far-mic speech recognition results for meeting speech test sets.
NMR Spectroscopy for Metabolomics and Metabolic Profiling (2014)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTNMR Spectroscopy for Metabolomics and Metabolic ProfilingCynthia K. Larive*†, Gregory A. Barding, Jr.‡, and Meredith M. Dinges†View Author Information† Department of Chemistry, University of California−Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States‡ Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768, United States*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Anal. Chem. 2015, 87, 1, 133–146Publication Date (Web):November 6, 2014Publication History Published online25 November 2014Published inissue 6 January 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac504075ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac504075greview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2014 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views8023Altmetric-Citations187LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anatomy,Metabolism,Metabolomics,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,Polarization Get e-Alerts
Surface oxidation of poly ether ether ketone films using ultraviolet/ozone (1994)

Poly ether ether ketone (PEEK) films have been exposed to an ultraviolet/ozone oxidative treatment. Changes in surface oxygen chemistry have been investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and correlated with contact-angle measurements for water which has a high polar component to its surface tension.
Neural respiratory drive as a physiological biomarker to monitor change during acute exacerbations of COPD (2011)

NRDI is a feasible clinical physiological parameter in patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and can provide useful information on treatment response and risk of readmission.
Two Fundamental Limits on Dataflow Multiprocessing (1993)

: This paper examines the argument for dataflow architectures in &quot;Two Fundamental Issues in Multiprocessing[5].&quot; We observe two key problems. First, the justification of extensive multithreading is based on an overly simplistic view of the storage hierarchy. Second, the local greedy scheduling policy embodied in dataflow is inadequate in many circumstances. A more realistic model of the storage hierarchy imposes significant constraints on the scheduling of computation and requires a degree of parsimony in the scheduling policy. In particular, it is important to establish a scheduling hierarchy that reflects the underlying storage hierarchy. However, even with this improvement, simple local scheduling policies are unlikely to be adequate. Keywords: dataflow, multiprocessing, multithreading, latency tolerance, storage hierarchy, scheduling hierarchy. 1 Introduction The advantages of dataflow architectures were argued persuasively in a seminal 1983 paper by Arvind and Iannucci[4] and in...
Interactions of calmodulin with metal ions and with its target proteins revealed by conformation-sensitive monoclonal antibodies (1998)

Two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised against bovine calmodulin (CaM), CAM1 and CAM4, enable one to monitor conformational changes that occur in the molecule. The interaction of CAM1 with CaM depends on the Ca2+ occupancy of its Ca2+-binding sites. CAM4, in contrast, interacts with CaM in a Ca2+-independent manner, interacting with both holoCaM and EGTA-treated CaM to a similar extent. Their interaction with various CaMs, CaM tryptic fragments and chemically modified CaM, as well as molecular graphics, led to identification of the CAM1 and CAM4 epitopes on the C- and N-terminal lobes of CAM respectively. The two mAbs were used as macromolecular probes to detect conformational changes occurring in the CaM molecule upon binding of metal ions and target proteins and peptides. MAb CAM1 successfully detected changes associated with Al3+ binding even in the presence of Ca2+, indicating that Al3+ and Ca2+ ions may bind to the protein simultaneously, leading to a new conformation of the molecule. MAbs CAM1 and CAM4 were used to follow the interactions of CaM with its target peptides and proteins. Complexes with melittin, mastoparan, calcineurin and phosphodiesterase showed different immunological properties on an immuno-enzyme electrode, indicating unique structural properties for each complex. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Somatostatin and vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors in human mesenchymal tumors: in vitro identification. (1996)

Somatostatin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) have been shown to be of diagnostic and therapeutic interest in several types of human epithelial tumors expressing the respective receptor. The present study evaluates the presence of somatostatin and VIP receptors in 64 primary or metastatic human mesenchymal tumors. In vitro receptor autoradiography on cryostat sections was performed using 125I-labeled [Tyr3]-octreotide as well as 125I-labeled [Leu8,D-Trp22,Try25]-somatostatin-28 as radioligands for somatostatin receptors and 125I-labeled VIP as radioligand for VIP receptors. Somatostatin receptors were identified in bone and vascular/perivascular tumors (3 of 3 osteosarcomas, 1 of 1 giant cell tumor, 2 of 2 angiosarcomas, and 4 of 4 hemangiopericytomas), in 2 of 2 synovial sarcomas, in 2 of 5 histiocytomas, and in several muscle cell tumors (1 of 2 leiomyomas, 2 of 4 leiomyosarcomas, and 3 of 5 rhabdomyosarcomas) but were absent in 4 liposarcomas, 3 mesotheliomas, 3 chondrosarcomas, 10 Ewing sarcomas, 11 schwannomas, and 5 Wilms' tumors. VIP receptors were identified in 3 of 3 differentiated liposarcomas, 2 of 2 angiosarcomas, 4 of 4 hemangiopericytomas, 2 of 2 synovial sarcomas, 3 of 3 mesotheliomas, 5 of 5 Wilms tumors, as well as in 2 of 5 histiocytomas, 1 of 2 leiomyomas, 2 of 4 leiomyosarcomas, 3 of 3 intermediately differentiated rhabdomyosarcomas, and 1 of 3 osteosarcomas but not in chondrosarcomas, Ewing sarcomas, schwannomas, or undifferentiated rhabdomyosarcomas. The receptors were located on neoplastic cells. The somatostatin receptors were of high affinity and of high specificity for biologically active somatostatin analogues with high affinity for somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28 as well as for octreotide, thus representing the sst2 subtype; in a few cases of tumors having somatostatin receptors with low affinity for octreotide, in situ hybridization techniques identified preferentially sst1 mRNA. These data suggest that human mesenchymal tumors may be targets for somatostatin and/or VIP receptor in vivo imaging; they may also be potential targets for somatostatin or VIP analogue therapy.
Perovskites as Substitutes of Noble Metals for Heterogeneous Catalysis: Dream or Reality (2014)

International audience
Analysis of Customer-Oriented Information for Tourism Enterprises Under the Social Media Environment (2021)

Abstract Social media is a virtual community or network platform that the public uses to achieve self-creation and it’s sharing with others; under the social media environment, self-media channels become more abundant, and the autonomy and originality of content dissemination are also continuously enhanced. When tourism enterprises face increasing market competition, personalized and targeted promotional programs will, to a certain extent, have a certain appeal to competitors’ potential customer groups, thereby providing tourism enterprise customers with relevant benefits for oriental information, and also serving as an important way for companies to develop new customers. Based on the summary and analysis of previous literature works, this paper expounded the research status and significance of social media environment, elaborated the development background, current status and future challenges of customer-oriented information analysis for tourism enterprises, introduced the methods and principles of customer’s transfer value and life cycle and social media environment’s cognitive composition, proposed a sentiment model of tourist-oriented information analysis under the social media environment, and analysed the management strategy and scheduling platform of customer-oriented information, constructed an analysis system of customer-oriented information in social media environment, performed the reliability, validity, transfer and perception value analysis of customer-oriented information and finally conducted case simulation and its result analysis. The study results of this paper provide a reference for further researches on the customer-oriented information analysis for tourism enterprises under the social media environment.
Orientation, anisotropy, clustering, and volume fraction of smooth muscle cells within the wall of porcine abdominal aorta (2008)

We analyzed tissue samples of the normal porcine abdominal aorta using stereological assessment of histological\nsections through the tunica media layer. The results demonstrated that the local volume fraction of smooth muscle\ncells within tunica media does not differ among samples taken round the circumference of the artery, and that\nvolume fraction can be assessed in sections stained with green trichrome as well as with immunohistochemistry\nagainst actin. The distribution of angles between the long axes of nuclei of the smooth muscle cells and the radial\ndirection was different from normal. The profiles of smooth muscle cells were distributed in an isotropic, but an\ninhomogeneous manner.
Silica-Coating and Hydrophobation of CTAB-Stabilized Gold Nanorods (2006)

A method for controlled and homogeneous silica coating of low-aspect-ratio CTAB-stabilized gold nanorods has been developed through the combination of the LBL technique and the Stöber method. Hydrophobation of the gold nanoparticles was achieved via surface functionalization with a hydrophobic silane coupling agent.
Activity of a Novel Combined Antiretroviral Therapy of Gemcitabine and Decitabine in a Mouse Model for HIV-1 (2012)

The emergence of drug resistance threatens to limit the use of current anti-HIV-1 drugs and highlights the need to expand the number of treatment options available for HIV-1-infected individuals. Our previous studies demonstrated that two clinically approved drugs, decitabine and gemcitabine, potently inhibited HIV-1 replication in cell culture through a mechanism that is distinct from the mechanisms for the drugs currently used to treat HIV-1 infection. We further demonstrated that gemcitabine inhibited replication of a related retrovirus, murine leukemia virus (MuLV), in vivo using the MuLV-based LP-BM5/murine AIDS (MAIDS) mouse model at doses that were not toxic. Since decitabine and gemcitabine inhibited MuLV and HIV-1 replication with similar potency in cell culture, the current study examined the efficacy and toxicity of the drug combination using the MAIDS model. The data demonstrate that the drug combination inhibited disease progression, as detected by histopathology, viral loads, and spleen weights, at doses lower than those that would be required if the drugs were used individually. The combination of decitabine and gemcitabine exerted antiviral activity at doses that were not toxic. These findings indicate that the combination of decitabine and gemcitabine shows potent antiretroviral activity at nontoxic doses and should be further investigated for clinical relevance.
Lewis acid catalyzed reactions of methyl propiolate with unactivated alkenes (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLewis acid catalyzed reactions of methyl propiolate with unactivated alkenesBarry B. Snider, David J. Rodini, Robin S. E. Conn, and Stuart SealfonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 18, 5283–5293Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00512a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00512a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1569Altmetric-Citations118LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transmission of Light through Birefringent and Optically Active Media: the Poincaré Sphere (1954)

The parameters necessary to define an elliptically polarized vibration, namely the azimuth, the shape, and the sense of rotation of the ellipse described by the light vector can be represented geometrically by a point on a sphere. The method was suggested by Poincaré in 1892. The theory of the Poincaré sphere is presented in detail, and its application to tracing the passage of light through doubly refracting and optically active media fully illustrated. A simple model, designed on the principles involved, is described: it is suitable for instruction and demonstration.
Studies on pyrazines. 17.. An efficient synthesis of pteridine‐6‐carboxylic acids (1988)

Abstract 2,4‐Diaminopteridine‐6‐carboxylic acid ( 1 ) and pterin‐6‐carboxylic acid ( 2 ) were prepared by permanganate oxidation of the corresponding 6‐(2‐furyl)‐substituted pteridines under much milder conditions. Several attempts to cleave the furan ring with other oxidizing agents are also described.
Simian virus 40-transformed adherent cells from human long-term marrow cultures: cloned cell lines produce cells with stromal and hematopoietic characteristics (1987)

Adherent cells from long-term marrow cultures from 23 individuals were transformed with wild-type simian virus 40 (SV40). After transformation, cloned cell lines were developed that even after rigorous subcloning invariably produced both stromal cells and round cells. The stromal cells expressed cytoskeletal filaments similar to those of long-term marrow culture adherent cells and produced interstitial and basal lamina collagen types. The round cells had the electron microscopic appearance of primitive hematopoietic cells and when examined with cytochemical stains and monoclonal antibodies to hematopoietic differentiation antigens had reaction patterns suggestive of cells from several lineages. Most round cells expressed the pan-hematopoietic T-200 determinant, and lesser percentages expressed the early T cell antigens CD-1 and CD-3, HLA-DR determinants, the monocytic antigen recognized by Leu M3, and the myeloid antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies 1G10 and 12.8. In addition, when plated in semisolid medium in the presence of a source of colony-stimulating activity, up to 11% of the cells formed colonies consisting of blastlike cells that also expressed hematopoietic cell surface determinants. The data suggest that adherent cells in long-term marrow cultures contain a cell that after transformation by SV40 obligately produces cells with hematopoietic as well as stromalike features.
Usage of HBTs beyond BV/sub cec/ (2005)

Heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) are preferred devices for designers to realise power amplifiers due to their good noise and HF performance. The collector emitter breakdown with open base (BV/sub CEO/) is in first order limiting the HBT operation conditions, especially for high output power where it is useful to utilise the complete voltage swing. In real applications with an ohmic connection of the base to a voltage source the breakdown condition can be released. We deliver a new formula for the emitter collector breakdown BV/sub CER/ as a function of the external base resistor, the emitter base voltage and the temperature. A safe operating area (SOA) is defined enabling the reliable usage of HBTs for emitter collector voltages higher than BV/sub CEO/ depending on base emitter voltage range and temperatures.
When is a 0-1 knapsack a matroid? (1994)

Wolsey gave a necessary and sufficient condition for the set of the feasible solutions of an arbitrary 0-1 knapsack to be a matroid. However, from that condition a polynomial time algorithm does not directly follow. Recently Amado and Barcia showed how matroids can be used, within a lagrangean relaxation approach, to obtain strong bounds for 0-1 knapsacks. They described a polynomial time algorithm to decide whether a knapsack is a member of a special family of matroids. Yet knapsacks exist which are matroids and do not belong to that family. Here we give a polynomial time algorithm to decide whether an arbitrary 0-1 knapsack is a matroid. We also show that, unless P = NP, there is no polynomial time algorithm for deciding whether the greedy algorithm produces a maximum weight solution for a 0-1 knapsack problem.
The neurotransmitter receptor-anchoring protein gephyrin reconstitutes molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis in bacteria, plants, and mammalian cells (1999)

The molybdenum cofactor (Moco), a highly conserved pterin compound complexing molybdenum, is required for the enzymatic activities of all molybdenum enzymes except nitrogenase. Moco is synthesized by a unique and evolutionarily old pathway that requires the activities of at least six gene products. Some of the proteins involved in bacterial, plant, and invertebrate Moco biosynthesis show striking homologies to the primary structure of gephyrin, a polypeptide required for the clustering of inhibitory glycine receptors in postsynaptic membranes in the rat central nervous system. Here, we show that gephyrin binds with high affinity to molybdopterin, the metabolic precursor of Moco. Furthermore, gephyrin expression can reconstitute Moco biosynthesis in Moco-deficient bacteria, a molybdenum-dependent mouse cell line, and a Moco-deficient plant mutant. Conversely, inhibition of gephyrin expression by antisense RNA expression in cultured murine cells reduces their Moco content significantly. These data indicate that in addition to clustering glycine receptors, gephyrin also is involved in Moco biosynthesis and illustrate the remarkable conservation of its function in Moco biosynthesis throughout phylogeny.
Tularemia Vaccine Study (1961)

The frequency with which Pasteurella tularensis infects hunters of rabbits and laboratory workers studying this microorganism makes vaccination of these persons desirable. However, the protective value of available nonviable vaccines is not certain. Studies on this point have been conducted by Foshay et al. 1 and Kadull et al. 2 The ideal method of evaluating a vaccine intended for protection of humans is to challenge volunteers, both vaccinated and nonvaccinated, with a reproducible known infective dose of the disease-producing agent. A study in a small vaccinated group challenged by a known infective dose can provide more specific information in a shorter time than by assembling a much larger number in a study in which vaccinated persons are exposed accidentally in varying degree or not at all. Pasteurella tularensis offers certain advantages in such a critical study employing human challenge with viable microorganisms. A broad base of preliminary experience is provided