gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Authenticated Encryption on FPGAs from the Reconfigurable Part to the Static Part (2014)

Communication systems need to access, store, manipulate, or communicate sensitive information. Therefore, cryptographic primitives such as hash functions and block ciphers are deployed to provide encryption and authentication. Recently, techniques have been invented to combine encryption and authentication into a single algorithm which is called Authenticated Encryption (AE). Combining these two security services in hardware produces better performance compared to two separated algorithms since authentication and encryption can share a part of the computation. Because of combining the programmability with the performance ofcustom hardware, FPGAs become more common as an implementation target for such algorithms. The first part of this thesis is devoted to efficient and high-speed FPGA-based architectures of AE algorithms, AES-GCM and AEGIS-128, in order to be used in the reconfigurable part of FPGAs to support security services of communication systems. Our focus on the state of the art leads to the introduction of high-speed architectures for slow changing keys applications like Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Furthermore, we present an efficient method for implementing the GF($2^{128}$) multiplier, which is responsible for the authentication task in AES-GCM, to support high-speed applications. Additionally, an efficient AEGIS-128is also implemented using only five AES rounds. Our hardware implementations were evaluated using Virtex-5 and Virtex-4 FPGAs. The performance of the presented architectures (Thr./Slices) outperforms the previously reported ones.The second part of the thesis presents techniques for low cost solutions in order to secure the reconfiguration of FPGAs. We present different ranges of low cost implementations of AES-GCM, AES-CCM, and AEGIS-128, which are used in the static part of the FPGA in order to decrypt and authenticate the FPGA bitstream. Presented ASIC architectures were evaluated using 90 and 65 nm technologies and they present better performance compared to the previous work.
High oxide ion conductivity in Bi2MoO6 oxidation catalyst (2001)

Both the low (γ)- and high (γ′)-temperature polymorphs of Bi2MoO6 are oxide ion conductors. The γ′ conductivity at 300 °C is comparable to that of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) while its activation energy, 0.510(2) eV, is much less than that of YSZ, 0.79 eV, and is lower than that of the best low temperature oxide ion conductor, BIMEVOX: Bi2V0.9Cu0.1O5.35, 0.56 eV, thus suggesting that γ′-Bi2MoO6 contains a small number of highly mobile oxide ions. This may account for its usefulness as an oxidation catalyst.
Interface and Wetting Layer Effect on the Catalyst‐Free Nucleation and Growth of GaN Nanowires (2008)

Nanowire growth: Catalyst-free growth of GaN nanowires on Si substrates (see image) is investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Small GaN crystalline clusters are found on top of an interface amorphous layer. High-crystalline-quality vertical nanowires are grown on an amorphous oxide layer. These findings open new possibilities for nanowire growth on a variety of nonconventional substrates.
From Programs to Interpretable Deep Models and Back (2018)

We demonstrate how deep learning over programs is used to provide (preliminary) augmented programmer intelligence. In the first part, we show how to tackle tasks like code completion, code summarization, and captioning. We describe a general path-based representation of source code that can be used across programming languages and learning tasks, and discuss how this representation enables different learning algorithms. In the second part, we describe techniques for extracting interpretable representations from deep models, shedding light on what has actually been learned in various tasks.
Model-Less Feedback Control of Continuum Manipulators in Constrained Environments (2014)

Continuum manipulators offer a means for robot manipulation in a constrained environment, where the manipulator body can safely interact with, comply with, and navigate around obstacles. However, obstacle interactions impose constraints that conform the robot body into arbitrary shapes regardless of actuator positions. Generally, these effects cannot be wholly sensed on a continuum manipulator and, therefore, render model-based controllers incorrect, leading to artificial singularities and unstable behavior. We present a task-space closed-loop controller for continuum manipulators that does not rely on a model and can be used in constrained environments. Using an optimal control strategy on a tendon-driven robot, we demonstrate this method, which we term model-less control, which allows the manipulator to interact with several constrained environments in a stable manner. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work in controlling continuum manipulators without using a model.
Sink regulation of photosynthesis (2001)

The concept that photosynthetic flux is influenced by the accumulation of photo-assimilate persisted for 100 years before receiving any strong experimental support. Precise analysis of the mechanisms of photosynthetic responses to sink activity required the development of a battery of appropriate molecular techniques and has benefited from contemporary interest in the effects of elevated CO2 on photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is one of the most highly integrated and regulated metabolic processes to maximize the use of available light, to minimize the damaging effects of excess light and to optimize the use of limiting carbon and nitrogen resources. Hypotheses of feedback regulation must take account of this integration. In the short term, departure from homeostasis can lead to redox signals, which cause rapid changes in the transcription of genes encoding photosystems I and II. End-product synthesis can exert short-term metabolic feedback control through Pi recycling. Beyond this, carbohydrate accumulation in leaves when there is an imbalance between source and sink at the whole plant level can lead to decreased expression of photosynthetic genes and accelerated leaf senescence. In a high CO2 world this may become a more prevalent feature of photosynthetic regulation. However, sink regulation of photosynthesis is highly dependent on the physiology of the rest of the plant. This physiological state regulates photosynthesis through signal transduction pathways that co-ordinate the plant carbon : nitrogen balance, which match photosynthetic capacity to growth and storage capacity and underpin and can override the direct short-term controls of photosynthesis by light and CO2. Photosynthate supply and phytohormones, particularly cytokinins, interact with nitrogen supply to control the expression of photosynthesis genes, the development of leaves and the whole plant nitrogen distribution, which provides the dominant basis for sink regulation of photosynthesis.
Migratory Birds and Spread of West Nile Virus in the Western Hemisphere (2000)

West Nile virus, an Old World flavivirus related to St. Louis encephalitis virus, was first recorded in the New World during August 1999 in the borough of Queens, New York City. Through October 1999, 62 patients, 7 of whom died, had confirmed infections with the virus. Ornithophilic mosquitoes are the principal vectors of West Nile virus in the Old World, and birds of several species, chiefly migrants, appear to be the major introductory or amplifying hosts. If transovarial transmission or survival in overwintering mosquitoes were the principal means for its persistence, West Nile virus might not become established in the New World because of aggressive mosquito suppression campaigns conducted in the New York area. However, the pattern of outbreaks in southern Europe suggests that viremic migratory birds may also contribute to movement of the virus. If so, West Nile virus has the potential to cause outbreaks throughout both temperate and tropical regions of the Western Hemisphere.
Association of TNFAIP3 interacting protein 1, TNIP1 with systemic lupus erythematosus in a Japanese population: a case-control association study (2010)

Association of TNIP1 with SLE was confirmed in a Japanese population. TNIP1 is a shared SLE susceptibility gene in the Caucasian and Asian populations, but the genetic contribution appeared to be greater in the Japanese and Chinese populations because of the higher risk allele frequency. Taken together with the association of TNFAIP3, these observations underscore the crucial role of NF-κB regulation in the pathogenesis of SLE.
CD41 expression defines the onset of primitive and definitive hematopoiesis in the murine embryo (2003)

The platelet glycoprotein IIb (alpha(IIb); CD41) constitutes the alpha subunit of a highly expressed platelet surface integrin protein. We demonstrate that CD41 serves as the earliest marker of primitive erythroid progenitor cells in the embryonic day 7 (E7.0) yolk sac and high-level expression identifies essentially all E8.25 yolk sac definitive hematopoietic progenitors. Some definitive hematopoietic progenitor cells in the fetal liver and bone marrow also express CD41. Hematopoietic stem cell competitive repopulating ability is present in CD41(dim) and CD41(lo/-) cells isolated from bone marrow and fetal liver cells, however, activity is enriched in the CD41(lo/-) cells. CD41(bright) yolk sac definitive progenitor cells co-express CD61 and bind fibrinogen, demonstrating receptor function. Thus, CD41 expression marks the onset of primitive and definitive hematopoiesis in the murine embryo and persists as a marker of some stem and progenitor cell populations in the fetal liver and adult marrow, suggesting novel roles for this integrin.
Biofeedback Applications in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases (2004)

Cardiovascular diseases impair the lives of millions of Americans each year. Researchers have studied a variety of nonpharmacologic interventions in an attempt to discover their use as therapies for these diseases. Various methods of biofeedback have shown promise in the treatment or management of several cardiovascular disorders. The literature relating to the use of biofeedback therapies for hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, cardiac ischemia, myocardial infarction, and Raynaud's phenomenon is reviewed. The number and types of studies in each of these areas vary widely, but research to date suggests that biofeedback could be a useful alternative or adjunct to more conventional forms of treatment. Further research to clarify the appropriate uses of biofeedback in the management of these disorders is recommended.
Lewis Acid-Promoted Favorskii-Type Ring Contraction of Some Cyclic α-Bromo Ketones and Their Acetals (1987)

The α-bromo cycloalkyl aryl ketones 2a-d on heating with zinc chloride in methanol furnished in moderate to good yields the ring-contracted products 3a-d having gem methyl carbomethoxy function. The acetals of the related α-bromo ketones 7a-c, lacking the methyl group on the halogen-bearing carbon atom, afforded in acceptable yields the ring-contracted esters 8a-c when heated in protic solvent. The limitation of the present ring-contraction procedure has been discussed.
Coffee Consumption and Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2004)

These data suggest that long-term coffee consumption is associated with a statistically significantly lower risk for type 2 diabetes.
Organizational benefits of mentoring (1990)

Executive Overview When an older, more experienced member of an organization takes a junior colleague “under his or her wing,” aiding in the organizational socialization of the less experienced person and passing along knowledge gained through years of living within the organization, a mentoring relationship is said to exist. Both principals in this type of relationship benefit in ways which have often been discussed and, accordingly, many companies have instituted formal mentoring programs. In this article, the authors examine the benefits which flow, not strictly to the individuals involved, but to the organization that fosters mentoring relationships. Principal benefits are the transmission of corporate culture and the provision of a “deep sensing” apparatus for top management. The design of mentoring programs, choice of mentors, and potential pitfalls of mentoring are discussed.
A Method to Localize RF <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\bm B}_{\bf 1}$</tex></formula> Field in High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Systems (2012)

In high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems, B₀ fields of 7 and 9.4 T, the RF field shows greater inhomogeneity compared to clinical MRI systems with B₀ fields of 1.5 and 3.0 T. In multichannel RF coils, the magnitude and phase of the input to each coil element can be controlled independently to reduce the nonuniformity of the RF field. The convex optimization technique has been used to obtain the optimum excitation parameters with iterative solutions for homogeneity in a selected region of interest. The pseudoinverse method has also been used to find a solution. The simulation results for 9.4- and 7-T MRI systems are discussed in detail for the head model. Variation of the simulation results in a 9.4-T system with the number of RF coil elements for different positions of the regions of interest in a spherical phantom are also discussed. Experimental results were obtained in a phantom in the 9.4-T system and are compared to the simulation results and the specific absorption rate has been evaluated.
<title>New methods for fabricating step and flash imprint lithography templates</title> (2002)

Step and Flash Imprint Lithography (SFIL) is an attractive method for printing sub-100 nm geometries. Relative to other imprinting processes SFIL has the advantage that the template is transparent, thereby facilitating conventional overlay techniques. The purpose of this work is to investigate alternative methods for defining features on an SFIL template. The first method used a much thinner (< 20 nm) layer of Cr as a hard mask. Thinner layers still suppress charging during e-beam exposure of the template, and have the advantage that CD losses encountered during the pattern transfer of the Cr are minimized. The second fabrication scheme addresses some of the weaknesses associated with a solid glass substrate. Because there is no conductive layer on the final template, SEM and defect inspection are compromised. By incorporating a conductive and transparent layer of indium tin oxide on the glass substrate, charging is suppressed during inspection, and the UV characteristics of the final template are not affected. Templates have been fabricated using the two methods described above. Features as small as 30 nm have been resolved on the templates. Sub-80 nm features were resolved on the first test wafer printed.
Predicting Matchability (2014)

The initial steps of many computer vision algorithms are interest point extraction and matching. In larger image sets the pairwise matching of interest point descriptors between images is an important bottleneck. For each descriptor in one image the (approximate) nearest neighbor in the other one has to be found and checked against the second-nearest neighbor to ensure the correspondence is unambiguous. Here, we asked the question how to best decimate the list of interest points without losing matches, i.e. we aim to speed up matching by filtering out, in advance, those points which would not survive the matching stage. It turns out that the best filtering criterion is not the response of the interest point detector, which in fact is not surprising: the goal of detection are repeatable and well-localized points, whereas the objective of the selection are points whose descriptors can be matched successfully. We show that one can in fact learn to predict which descriptors are matchable, and thus reduce the number of interest points significantly without losing too many matches. We show that this strategy, as simple as it is, greatly improves the matching success with the same number of points per image. Moreover, we embed the prediction in a state-of-the-art Structure-from-Motion pipeline and demonstrate that it also outperforms other selection methods at system level.
Antimicrobial Screening of Some Turkish Medicinal Plants (2007)

Ethanol extracts of 19 Turkish medicinal plants, used in the traditional system of medicine, were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against 14 pathogenic bacterial species and a yeast, Candida albicans., using the agar well diffusion method. Anticandidal activity was detected in 10 plant extracts. Extracts of Eucalyptus camuldulensis. (leaves), Rosmarinus officinalis. (leaves), Ecballium elaterium. (leaves, fruits; 2:1, v/v), Liquidambar orientalis. (leaves), Cornus sanguinea. (leaves, flowers, stems; 2:1:1, v/v/v), Vitis vinifera. (leaves, raw fruits, young branches; 2:1:1, v/v/v), Inula viscosa. (leaves), Hypericum perforatum. (leaves, flowers, stems; 2:1:1, v/v/v), and Punica granatum. (leaves, flowers; (2:1, v/v) showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones ranging from 4 to 34 mm. The most resistant organisms were Escherichia coli., Candida albicans., Pseudomonas fluorescens., Bacillus subtilis. ATCC 6683, and Enterobacter faecalis. ATCC 29212, and the most susceptible species were Proteus vulgaris. ATCC 6997, Salmonella typhimurium. CCM 5445, Staphylococcus epidermidis. ATCC 12228, and Serratia marcescens. CCM 583, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined for the seven highly active plants that showed antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. ATCC 95047 (MRSA), E. coli., and C. albicans.. The MICs of active extracts ranged from 8 to 14.2 mg/mL while the MBCs were 14.2 to 24.4 mg/mL.
Neuregulin‐1, a key axonal signal that drives Schwann cell growth and differentiation (2008)

Interactions between neuronal and glial cells are crucial for establishing a functional nervous system. Many aspects of Schwann cell development and physiology are regulated by neuronal signals; possibly the most spectacular is the elaboration of the myelin sheath. An extensive line of research has revealed that one neuronal factor, termed "neuregulin", promotes Schwann cell growth and survival, migration along the extending axon, and myelination. The versatility of glial responses elicited by this factor is thus clearly astounding.
Light-Bending Nanoparticles (2009)

Metallic nanostructures with their geometry-dependent optical resonances are a topic of intense current interest due to their ability to manipulate light in ways not possible with conventional optical materials. A particularly fascinating aspect of these systems is the recently realized possibility of creating optical frequency "magnetic plasmon" responses of comparable magnitude to the "electric plasmon" response. Here we show that Au nanocups at their magnetoinductive resonance have the unique ability to redirect scattered light in a direction dependent on cup orientation, as a true three-dimensional nanoantenna.
Failure analysis and strengthening mechanism of Z-pinned composite T-joints under tensile loading (2016)

Abstract Z-pinning technology is applied to composite T-joints in this paper to explore the strengthening mechanisms. The structural properties of T-joints with skin thickness values at 2 and 4 mm were determined under stiffener tensile load. The results revealed that the initial failure strength and failure modes of T-joints were affected by the thickness of skin. Under stiffener tensile load, the actual stress situation of Z-pin tends to be complicated with the deflection of skin. As a result, a mixed mode I/II stress condition exists at the delamination crack tip during tensile loading, and an enhanced frictional zone is located near the delamination surface. When the deflection of skin is indispensable, the snubbing effect acts as a significant factor to strengthening. As the pullout process of pins from the flange is limited by snubbing, pins could fail by split. This paper discusses the strengthening mechanism of Z-pinning and elaborates a potential enhancing effect of Z-pins resulting from the complicated loading condition due to different structure dimensions.
Fermentation and enzymatic saccharification of cellulose and lignin waste. Completion report 1 Jul 75--30 Sep 77 (1977)

An ever existent problem of primary concern is that of providing water for safe use. Although much scientific research has been devoted to alleviating this problem, it has only been within recent years that lignin and cellulose, a traditional waste material, has been recognized as a potential raw material. The development of the technology to utilize waste cellulose and lignin as a fermentation or hydrolysis substrate would afford several opportunities: it could help mitigate the waste water problem, provide a valuable raw material supply, aid in providing potential food products for an ever increasing world population, and allow for water reuse. The report describes a method for the degradation of cellulose utilizing a fungus enzyme system.
Electron-beam diodes using ferroelectric cathodes (1993)

A new high-current density electron source is described. The source consists of a polarized ferroelectric ceramic disk with silver electrodes coated on both faces. The front electrode consists of a periodic silver grid alternating with exposed ceramic. A rapid change in the polarization state of the ceramic results in the emission of a high-density electron cloud into a 1–10-mm accelerating diode gap. The anode potential is maintained by a charged transmission line. Some of the emitted electrons traverse the gap and an electron current flows. The emitted electron current has been measured as a function of the gap spacing and the anode potential. Current densities in excess of 70 A/cm2 have been measured. The current is found to vary linearly with the anode voltage for gaps ≤10 mm, and typically exceeds the Child–Langmuir current density by at least two orders of magnitude. The experimental data is compared with predictions from a model in which the electrons emitted from the ferroelectric reflex in the diode gap.
Bicontinuous microdomain morphology of block copolymers. 1. Tetrapod-network structure of polystyrene-polyisoprene diblock polymers (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBicontinuous microdomain morphology of block copolymers. 1. Tetrapod-network structure of polystyrene-polyisoprene diblock polymersHirokazu Hasegawa, Hideaki Tanaka, Komei Yamasaki, and Takeji HashimotoCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 7, 1651–1662Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00173a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00173a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1890Altmetric-Citations323LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts