gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methylene Blue Inhibits In Vitro the SARS-CoV-2 Spike – ACE2 Protein-Protein Interaction – A Mechanism That Can Contribute to Its Antiviral Activity Against COVID-19 (2020)

Abstract Due to our interest in the chemical space of organic dyes to identify potential small-molecule inhibitors (SMIs) for protein-protein interactions (PPIs), we initiated a screen of such compounds to assess their inhibitory activity against the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its cognate receptor ACE2, which is the first critical step initiating the viral attachment and entry of this coronavirus responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. As part of this, we found that methylene blue, a tricyclic phenothiazine compound approved by the FDA for the treatment of methemoglobinemia and used for other medical applications (including the inactivation of viruses in blood products prior to transfusion when activated by light), inhibits this interaction. We confirmed that it does so in a concentration-dependent manner with a low micromolar half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 = 3 μM) in our protein-based ELISA-type setup, while chloroquine, siramesine, and suramin showed no inhibitory activity in this assay. Erythrosine B, which we have shown before to be a promiscuous SMI of PPIs, also inhibited this interaction with an activity similar, possibly slightly higher, than those found for it for other PPIs. This PPI inhibitory activity of methylene blue could contribute to its antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 even in the absence of light by blocking its attachment to ACE2-expressing cells and making this inexpensive and widely available drug potentially useful in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 as an oral or inhaled medication.
An Analytical Optimization Method for Improved Fuel Cell–Battery–Ultracapacitor Powertrain (2009)

Fuel-cell vehicles have the potential to revolutionize transportation. In particular, a fuel-cell vehicle using a combined battery-ultracapacitor energy storage system can provide excellent fuel economy and performance while extending the battery life due to more frequent use of the ultracapacitor. This paper first presents a new fuel cell-battery-ultracapacitor (FC-B-UC) vehicle topology. Then, a vehicle simulator is used to show that the new topology is superior to a promising FC-B-UC topology from the literature. Finally, an analytical optimization method is developed to determine the optimal battery and ultracapacitor sizes for two different options of the novel FC-B-UC topology. The optimization method seeks to maximize efficiency and minimize mass and cost of the overall system. Numerical examples are provided to validate the analytical optimization method.
Zinc Finger Protein and Heart Development (2003)

Within the known classes of DNA binding proteins, the zinc finger is the largest family and the most common motif for nucleic acids recognition. In the past decade, it is found that zinc finger proteins are involved in the gene transcription, duplication and protein synthesis processes as a regulator and mediator, and a large number of zinc finger genes are involved in cardiac development. Zinc finger proteins which play important roles in heart development and their regulate mechanism are reviewed.
Research on AMT Vehicle Control System Based on Neural Network (2018)

People often use AMT to summarize various changes and new systems brought about by traditional manufacturing technologies such as microelectronics, automation, and information technology. Specifically, it refers to the collective name of technologies, equipment, and systems that are created by integrating mechanical engineering technology, electronic technology, automation technology, and information technology. In this paper, the main research is based on neural network AMT car control system research. During the operation of the AMT vehicle system, when the driver manually shifts the gear, the coordination of the components of the power transmission system of the vehicle body is poor, and the driver frequently shifts the gear, resulting in a low safety factor. The static continuous shifting test is performed on the shifting mechanism. The test data shows that the addition of a neural network speeds up the motor's response to control signals.
Slotting Saliency Extraction For Sensorless Torque Control of Standard Induction Machines (2017)

This paper proposes a new approach for separation of saliency signals of the induction machine at very low speed and heavy loads. The change of current responses due to the transient voltage pulse excitation is employed to obtain the inherent impedance saliency information. The proposed separation approach uses the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) in combination with Taylor's expansion and least square error (LSE) methods. The DWT removes the higher and lower harmonic orders to extract the operating frequency band based on the reference speed. Then, Taylor's expansion modeling processed by LSE algorithm is applied to extract the slotting saliency signal from the nearby frequency of the inter-modulation signal. The extracted slotting saliency signal is employed to estimate the rotor/flux position using the phase locked loop observer and current model. Experimental results are provided to prove the effectiveness of the proposed new separation approach at very low speed including zero electrical speed operations. It is found that the proposed new approach is accurate at very low speed and heavy load operations with less noise compared to previous methods.
Recommender Systems (2010)

In this age of information overload, people use a variety of strategies to make choices about what to buy, how to spend their leisure time, and even whom to date. Recommender systems automate some of these strategies with the goal of providing affordable, personal, and high-quality recommendations. This book offers an overview of approaches to developing state-of-the-art recommender systems. The authors present current algorithmic approaches for generating personalized buying proposals, such as collaborative and content-based filtering, as well as more interactive and knowledge-based approaches. They also discuss how to measure the effectiveness of recommender systems and illustrate the methods with practical case studies. The final chapters cover emerging topics such as recommender systems in the social web and consumer buying behavior theory. Suitable for computer science researchers and students interested in getting an overview of the field, this book will also be useful for professionals looking for the right technology to build real-world recommender systems.
ABC, GCB, and Double-Hit Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Does Subtype Make a Difference in Therapy Selection? (2015)

Personalized therapy for the treatment of patients with cancer is rapidly approaching and is an achievable goal in the near future. A substantial number of novel targets have been developed into therapeutic agents. There is a substantial variability to antitumor activity by novel therapeutics because of the unique heterogeneity and biology that exists both between and within lymphoma subtypes. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Approximately 40% of patients have refractory disease or disease that will relapse after an initial response, and the majority of patients with relapsed DLBCL will succumb to the disease. There are two major biologically distinct molecular subtypes of DLBCL: germinal center B-cell (GCB) and activated B-cell (ABC). ABC DLBCL is associated with substantially worse outcomes when treated with standard chemoimmunotherapy. In addition to GCB and ABC subtypes, double-hit lymphomas (approximately 5% to 10% of patients) and double-expressor lymphomas, which overexpress MYC and BCL2 protein, are aggressive DLBCLs and are also associated with a poor prognosis. Double-hit lymphomas have concurrent chromosomal rearrangements of MYC plus BCL2 (or less likely, BCL6). Advances in molecular characterization techniques and the development of novel agents targeting specific subtypes of DLBCL have provided a foundation for personalized therapy of DLBCL based on molecular subtype. A number of early clinical trials evaluating combinations of novel targeted agents with standard chemotherapy (R-CHOP) have been completed and have demonstrated the feasibility of this approach with encouraging efficacy. As such, molecular classification of DLBCL is not only important for prognostication, but moves to center stage for personalization of therapy for DLBCL.
Enhancing Situation Awareness with Visual Aids on Cognitively-inspired Agent Systems (2010)

This paper describes the strengths of two types of visual aids: VADS (Visualization of Agent Decision Space) and ADT (Agent Decision Table). The VADS is a newly developed visual aid that intuitively represents complicated target attributes in a graphical form, whereas the ADT shows such things in a traditional tabular form. The strengths of each visual aid have been obtained through the analysis of realtime situational awareness queries. Graphical icons expressing multiple attributes are useful in achieving overall situation awareness in most cases. However, there are cases where presentation by a simple text is better in recognition than that by a graphical notation. We discuss the recognition of the ethnic affiliation of crowds as an example at the end.
[Induction of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesion in NC/Nga mice--the influence of the skin barrier destroying solution to the induction of dermatitis]. (2001)

NC/Nga mouse is well known as a mouse model for atopic dermatitis. In general, when NC/Nga mouse are raised under specific pathogen free (SPF) conditions no skin lesions are detected, but when under non-filtrated (conventional) condition, atopic dermatitis like skin lesions appear spontaneously. However, this dermatitis develops in 70-90% of mice (not 100%), which makes it difficult to perform reproducible experiments every time. This study was performed under SPF conditions, using the four solutions (2% SDS, 4% SDS, ethanol, acetone/ether) to destroy the skin barrier function, and thereafter, applying the extracted solution of mite: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, which is a very popular antigen in pathogenesis of human atopic dermatitis. The extracted solution of mite was applied repeatedly on the NC/Nga mice with a pretreatment of barrier destroying solution and after 8 weeks the mice developed severe dermatitis (clinical skin condition score of 7-10.2 points) with marked elevation of plasma IgE level, whereas mice coated only with the barrier destroying solution showed weak skin lesion with no elevation of plasma IgE level. BALB/c mice, which are employed as control, showed weak skin lesion (clinical skin condition score of 0-3.8 points) and slight elevation of plasma IgE level after repeated application of the extracted solution of mite with a pretreatment of the barrier destroying solution, whereas mice coated only with the barrier destroying solution showed weak skin lesion and the no elevation of plasma IgE level was observed. In this study, using several solutions to disturb the skin barrier function before applying the antigen, we have found a suitable condition and types of solutions in inducing dermatitis in NC/Nga mice.
Fault Diagnosis of Analog Circuits Based on CFNN (2012)

An analog circuits fault diagnosis method based on chaotic fuzzy neural network (CFNN) is presented. The method uses the advantage of the global movement characteristic inherent in chaos to overcome the shortcomings that BPNN is usually trapped to a local optimum and it has a low speed of convergence weights. The chaotic mapping was added into BPNN algorithm, and the initial value of the network was selected. The algorithm can effectively and reliably be used in analog circuit fault diagnosis by comparing the two methods and analyzing the results of the example.
Synthesis and CO Oxidation Catalytic Character of High Surface Area Ruthenium Dioxide Replicated by Cubic Mesoporous Silica (2005)

Abstract A high surface area ruthenium dioxide with partial ordered structure has been replicated by cubic Ia3d mesoporous silica, and the replica shows high catalytic activity for the oxidation of CO to CO2 at relatively low temperature.
Polarization‐dependent electromagnetic band gap (PDEBG) structures: Designs and applications (2004)

Abstract EBG structures exhibit an in‐phase reflection coefficient, which makes them desirable for low‐profile antenna designs. However, a conventional EBG structure has an identical reflection phase for a normally incident plane wave in spite of its polarization state. This paper presents novel polarization‐dependent EBG (PDEBG) structures whose reflection phases are different, depending upon the polarization state of the incident plane wave. This polarization‐dependent reflection‐phase feature is realized by changing the unit geometries, for example, by using a rectangular patch to replace the square patch, by cutting slots into the patch, or by offsetting the vias. By properly tailoring the phase difference between different polarizations, a useful EBG reflector is introduced, which can control the polarization state of the reflected wave. One attractive application of this reflector is that the reflected wave of a circularly polarized incident plane wave can maintain its polarization sense. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 41: 439–444, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/mop.20164
The diversity of connexin genes encoding gap junctional proteins. (1991)

The multigene family of connexins is larger than previously anticipated. Ten different connexin homologous sequences have been characterized in the mouse genome, five of which are probably the mouse analogues of the known rat connexins26, -31, -32, -43, and -46. Since the additional 5 sequences have been isolated as cDNAs or hybridize specifically to distinct mRNA species, they most likely represent functional connexin genes. Since seven of the genomic connexin sequences have been shown to contain no intron in the coding sequence, this may apply to all mammalian connexin genes. Some of the structural features based on amino acid sequences deduced from cDNA or genomic sequences and the RNA expression pattern of the new connexins are compared with previously described connexins. The structural diversity of the connexin genes suggests that they fulfill different functions coordinated with, and perhaps required for, different programs of cellular differentiation.
TIVA: Trusted Integrity Verification Architecture (2015)

Abstract. We are moving towards the era of pervasive computing. The embed-ded computing devices are everywhere and they need to interact in many insecure ways. Verifying the integrity of the software running on these devices in such a scenario is an interesting and difficult problem. The problem is simplified if the verifying entity has access to the original binary image. However, the veri-fier itself may not be trusted with the intellectual property built into the software. Hence an acceptable and practical solution would not reveal the intellectual prop-erty (IP) of the verified software, and yet must verify its integrity. We propose one such novel solution, TIVA, in this paper. 1
Ultrastructural Study of the Effects of 17β-Oestradiol on the Lateral Prostate and Seminal Vesicle of the Castrated Guinea Pig (1991)

Administration of oestradiol to castrated animals induced hypertrophy of the secretory cells in the lateral prostate and seminal vesicle. In the lateral prostate, increases in the number of small highly electron-dense granules, multivesicular bodies and intercellular spaces were the prevailing effects 2 weeks after oestradiol treatment. There was also an apparent increase in the amount of cytokeratin intermediate filaments. Prolonged oestradiol administration for 4 weeks showed no appreciable changes in the glandular epithelium when compared with 2-week treatment. However, an increase in the thickness of the fibromuscular layer was observed. In the seminal vesicle, basal cell hyperplasia was associated with a concurrent increase in the size of intercellular spaces 2 weeks after oestradiol administration. There were also apparent increases in the volume of the lamina propria and in the number of stromal cells. An apparent increase in the density of collagen fibres in the stroma was observed 2 and 4 weeks after oestradiol administration. In conclusion, the responses of the epithelium of the lateral prostate and seminal vesicle to a pharmacological dose of oestradiol are different. Prolonged oestradiol administration exerts a more prominent effect on the smooth muscle in the lateral prostate but not in the seminal vesicle. The effects of oestradiol may be mediated directly or indirectly through the other hormones.
Distributed Cloud and De-centralized Control Plane: A Proposal for Scalable Control Plane for 5G (2015)

5G is the next generation of mobile network. There are many requirements on 5G, such as high capacity, low latency, flexibility, and support for any-to-any communication. Cloud technology, in the form of a distributed cloud (also known as a network embedded cloud), is an enabler technology for 5G by allowing flexible networks that meet different user application requirements. On the other hand, Machine Type Communication (MTC) is a primary application for 5G, but it can add a high volume of control signaling. To manage the expected high volume of control signaling introduced by MTC, we identified the main control events that generate signaling messages in the network. Then, we proposed a decentralized core network architecture optimized for the identified control events. The proposed control plane functions are independent in the sense that each can be executed separately. The control functions can utilize the distributed cloud to manage the enormous amount of control signaling by handling this signaling locally. Additionally, we present an analysis of the control signaling performance for each proposed control function. We conclude that it is beneficial to move session management to data centers collocated with the BS on 5G network when there is high user density.
A novel type of compliant and underactuated robotic hand for dexterous grasping (2015)

The usefulness and versatility of a robotic end-effector depends on the diversity of grasps it can accomplish and also on the complexity of the control methods required to achieve them. We believe that soft hands are able to provide diverse and robust grasping with low control complexity. They possess many mechanical degrees of freedom and are able to implement complex deformations. At the same time, due to the inherent compliance of soft materials, only very few of these mechanical degrees have to be controlled explicitly. Soft hands therefore may combine the best of both worlds. In this paper, we present RBO Hand 2, a highly compliant, underactuated, robust, and dexterous anthropomorphic hand. The hand is inexpensive to manufacture and the morphology can easily be adapted to specific applications. To enable efficient hand design, we derive and evaluate computational models for the mechanical properties of the hand’s basic building blocks, called PneuFlex actuators. The versatility of RBO Hand 2 is evaluated by implementing the comprehensive Feix taxonomy of human grasps. The manipulator’s capabilities and limits are demonstrated using the Kapandji test and grasping experiments with a variety of objects of varying weight. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the effective dimensionality of grasp postures exceeds the dimensionality of the actuation signals, illustrating that complex grasping behavior can be achieved with relatively simple control.
The CLOSER (2008)

While automatic garbage collection has relieved programmers from manual memory management in Java-like languages, managing resources remains a considerable burden and a source of performance problems. In this paper, we present a novel technique for automatic resource management based on static approximation of resource lifetimes. Our source-to-source transformation tool, CLOSER, automatically transforms program code to guarantee that resources are properly disposed and handles arbitrary resource usage patterns. CLOSER generates code for directly disposing any resource whose lifetime can be statically determined; when this is not possible, CLOSER inserts conditional disposal code based on interest-reference counts that identify when the resource can be safely disposed. The programmer is only required to identify which types should be treated as resources, and what method to invoke to dispose each such resource. We successfully applied CLOSER on a moderate-sized graphics application that requires complex reasoning for resource management.
Natural Negotiation for Believable Agents. (1995)

Believable agents will often need to engage in social behaviors with other agents and with a user. Believable social behaviors need to meet a number of requirements: they must be robust, they must reflect and affect the emotional state of the agent, they must take into account the interpersonal relationships with the other behavior participants, and, most importantly, they must show off the artistically defined personality of the agent. We will show how to create a negotiation behavior that supports believability for specific characters and address some methodological questions about how to build believable social behaviors in general.
Cholinergic Drugs in Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimers Disease (2002)

The cholinergic hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease has spurred the development of numerous structural classes of compounds with different pharmacological profiles aimed at increasing central cholinergic neurotransmission, thus providing a symptomatic treatment for this disease. Indeed, the only drugs currently approved for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease are cholinomimetics with the pharmacological profile of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Recent evidence of a potential disease modifying role of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and M(1) muscarinic agonists have led to a revival of this approach, which might be considered as more than a symptomatic treatment.
Preparation and Properties of Crystalline Glucoamylase from<i>Endomyces</i>Species IFO 0111 (1969)

Journal Article Preparation and Properties of Crystalline Glucoamylase from Endomyces Species IFO 0111 Get access Toshio Fukui, Toshio Fukui The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ziro Nikuni Ziro Nikuni The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 33, Issue 6, 1 June 1969, Pages 884–891, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1969.10859392 Published: 01 June 1969 Article history Received: 23 October 1968 Published: 01 June 1969