gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automated grading of acne vulgaris by deep learning with convolutional neural networks (2019)

Deep learning techniques harnessing high-resolution images and large datasets will continue to improve, demonstrating growing potential for automated clinical image analysis and grading.
Botanical and physiographic reconnaissance of northern British Columbia (1971)

The area of study is located in northern central British Columbia and includes the Sustut Basin and surrounding mountains. The physiography and geology of the region is described and the plant communities are enumerated. An annotated list of 205 species, 11 subspecies, and 35 varieties collected during the summer of 1969 is included.
Cracking More Password Hashes With Patterns (2015)

It is a common mistake of application developers to store user passwords within databases as plaintext or only as their unsalted hash values. Many real-life successful hacking attempts that enabled attackers to get unauthorized access to sensitive database entries including user passwords have been experienced in the past. Seizing password hashes, attackers perform brute-force, dictionary, or rainbow-table attacks to reveal plaintext passwords from their hashes. Dictionary attacks are very fast for cracking hashes but their success rate is not sufficient. In this paper, we propose a novel method for improving dictionary attacks. Our method exploits several password patterns that are commonly preferred by users when trying to choose a complex and strong password. In order to analyze and show success rates of our developed method, we performed cracking tests on real-life leaked password hashes using both a traditional dictionary and our pattern-based dictionary. We observed that our pattern-based method is superior for cracking password hashes.
Segmentation of Moving Objects by Long Term Video Analysis (2014)

Motion is a strong cue for unsupervised object-level grouping. In this paper, we demonstrate that motion will be exploited most effectively, if it is regarded over larger time windows. Opposed to classical two-frame optical flow, point trajectories that span hundreds of frames are less susceptible to short-term variations that hinder separating different objects. As a positive side effect, the resulting groupings are temporally consistent over a whole video shot, a property that requires tedious post-processing in the vast majority of existing approaches. We suggest working with a paradigm that starts with semi-dense motion cues first and that fills up textureless areas afterwards based on color. This paper also contributes the Freiburg-Berkeley motion segmentation (FBMS) dataset, a large, heterogeneous benchmark with 59 sequences and pixel-accurate ground truth annotation of moving objects.
The preservation of ophthalmic solutions with antibacterial combinations (1971)

Journal Article The preservation of ophthalmic solutions with antibacterial combinations Get access R M E RICHARDS, R M E RICHARDS Pharmaceutical Microbiology Group, Department of Pharmacy, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R J McBRIDE R J McBRIDE Pharmaceutical Microbiology Group, Department of Pharmacy, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 23, Issue Supplement_1, December 1971, Pages 234S–235S, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1971.tb08820.x Published: 12 April 2011
Peroxypolytungstic acids: A new inorganic resist material (1986)

Recently reported amorphous polytungstic acids containing peroxo groups are found to provide a new inorganic resist. A homogeneous resist film can be formed easily with the spin coating method. This film is made insoluble in water by deep ultraviolet, x ray, and electron beam irradiation. The oxygen reactive ion etching (O2 RIE) durability is found to be high enough that a bilayer resist scheme employing this resist as a top imaging layer gives a high resolution pattern (line and space: 0.38 μm). The mechanism for the radiation induced reaction is also discussed.
High-efficiency hybrid III&#x2013;V/Si external cavity DBR laser for 3-&#x00B5;m SOI waveguides (2012)

We report a 9.5% wall-plug-efficient un-cooled external-cavity DBR laser built with a III-V-semiconductor reflective-SOA edge-coupled to an SOI waveguide containing a Bragg grating mirror. The hybrid laser is suitable for power efficient, CMOS-compatible optical transmitters.
A self-cleaning underwater superoleophobic mesh for oil-water separation (2013)

Oil-water separation has recently become a global challenging task because of the frequent occurrence of oil spill accidents due to the offshore oil production and transportation, and there is an increasing demand for the development of effective and inexpensive approaches for the cleaning-up of the oily pollution in water system. In this study, a self-cleaning underwater superoleophobic mesh that can be used for oil-water separation is prepared by the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of sodium silicate and TiO2 nanoparticles on the stainless steel mesh. The integration of the self-cleaning property into the all-inorganic separation mesh by using TiO2 enables the convenient removal of the contaminants by ultraviolet (UV) illumination, and allows for the facile recovery of the separation ability of the contaminated mesh, making it promising for practial oil-water separation applications.
Transesophageal echocardiography (1995)

Echocardiography is invaluable in assessing patients with known or suspected cardiac disorders. However, there are often impediments to adequate imaging using the standard transthoracic route (eg, mechanical ventilation, bandages). Transesophageal imaging overcomes many of these technical limitations and, as one researcher notes, provides a "new window to the heart." Drs Peterson and Orsinelli review common clinical applications of the procedure and adjunctive uses.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Cause, Treatment and Metastasis (2001)

In the recent decades, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been found to be increasing in males in some countries. In China, HCC ranked second of cancer mortality since 1990s. Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) and dietary aflatoxin intake remain the major causative factors of HCC. Surgery plays a major role in the treatment of HCC, particularly for small HCC. Down-staging unresectable huge HCC to smaller HCC and followed by resection will probably be a new approach for further study. Liver transplantation is indicated for small HCC, however, some issues remain to be solved. Different modes of regional cancer therapy for HCC have been tried. Systemic chemotherapy has been disappointing in the past but the future can be promising. Biotherapy, such as cytokines, differentiation inducers, anti-angiogenic agents, gene therapy and tumor vaccine will probably play a role, particularly in the prevention of tumor recurrence. HCC invasiveness is currently the major target of study. Tremendous works have been done at the molecular level, which will provide clues for biomarker of HCC progression as well as targets for intervention.
1-Acyloxypyridinium Ion: The Reactive Intermediate in a Modified Reissert-Henze Reaction (1984)

Cyanstion of 3-X-1-dimethylaminocarbonyloxypyridinium ions wlth trimethylsilanecarbonitrile or cyanide ion glves 3-methyl-2-pyridinecarbonitrile (-90%) contaminated with 5methyl-2-pyridinecarbonitrile (-10%) when X = -CH3, and approximately equal amounts of the 3-and 5-X derivatives when X = -COOCH$.These product mixtures are identical to those obtained with the corresponding pyridine 1-oxides and dimethylcarbamoyl chloride in a modified Reissert-Henze reaction.The recently reported quantitative conversion of pyrldine I-oxides t o 2-pyridinecarbonitriles3 has now been shown to involve the intermediacy of 1-acyloxypyridinium ion, eq. 1. I-Acyloxypyridinium ions have been 1 ) Me3SiCN/CH2C12 .o r presumed to be the reactive intermediate in the few documented examples of Reissert-Heme cyanatmn of pyridine 1-oxides in the presence of benzoyl ~h l o r i d e .~ Treatment of the l-dimethylaminoearbonyloxypyridinium ion,5 1, formed by prior reaction between a pyridine 1-oxide end dlmethylcarbamoyl chloride, with either trimethylsilsnecarbonltrile in dichloromethane or potassium cyanide in acetonitrile (or water)furnishes the related 2-pyridinecarbonitrile, 1, in essentially quantitative yield (Table 1).--6Further work is currently underway t o more fully charseterize this reaction.Related studies in pragressshow that 1-acyloxypyridinium ions are extremely versatile intermediates for the synthesis of a wide-variety of pyrldine derivatives.The results of these studies will be reported a t a later date.
Cap-Independent Translational Enhancement of Turnip Crinkle Virus Genomic and Subgenomic RNAs (2000)

The presence of translational control elements and cap structures has not been carefully investigated for members of the Carmovirus genus, a group of small icosahedral plant viruses with positive-sense RNA genomes. In this study, we examined both the 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of the turnip crinkle carmovirus (TCV) genomic RNA (4 kb) as well as the 5' UTR of the coat protein subgenomic RNA (1.45 kb) for their roles in translational regulation. All three UTRs enhanced translation of the firefly luciferase reporter gene to different extents. Optimal translational efficiency was achieved when mRNAs contained both 5' and 3' UTRs. The synergistic effect due to the 5'-3' cooperation was at least fourfold greater than the sum of the contributions of the individual UTRs. The observed translational enhancement of TCV mRNAs occurred in a cap-independent manner, a result consistent with the demonstration, using a cap-specific antibody, that the 5' end of the TCV genomic RNA was uncapped. Finally, the translational enhancement activity within the 5' UTR of 1.45-kb subgenomic RNA was shown to be important for the translation of coat protein in protoplasts and for virulent infection in Arabidopsis plants.
Transcriptome-Wide Detection of Differentially Expressed Coding and Non-Coding Transcripts and Their Clinical Significance in Prostate Cancer (2012)

Prostate cancer is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous disease. Deregulation of splice variants has been shown to contribute significantly to this complexity. High-throughput technologies such as oligonucleotide microarrays allow for the detection of transcripts that play a role in disease progression in a transcriptome-wide level. In this study, we use a publicly available dataset of normal adjacent, primary tumor, and metastatic prostate cancer samples (GSE21034) to detect differentially expressed coding and non-coding transcripts between these disease states. To achieve this, we focus on transcript-specific probe selection regions, that is, those probe sets that correspond unambiguously to a single transcript. Based on this, we are able to pinpoint at the transcript-specific level transcripts that are differentially expressed throughout prostate cancer progression. We confirm previously reported cases and find novel transcripts for which no prior implication in prostate cancer progression has been made. Furthermore, we show that transcript-specific differential expression has unique prognostic potential and provides a clinically significant source of biomarker signatures for prostate cancer risk stratification. The results presented here serve as a catalog of differentially expressed transcript-specific markers throughout prostate cancer progression that can be used as basis for further development and translation into the clinic.
Migration to PaaS clouds - Migration process and architectural concerns (2013)

In the cloud computing technology stack, infrastructure has matured more than platform or software service technologies with respect to languages and techniques used for architecting and managing respective applications. Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) emerges as a focus for the near future that we will focus on. We look at software architecture and programming concerns in the context of migration to PaaS solutions, i.e. the transition of platform systems from on-premise to cloud solutions. We investigate best-practice approaches in cloud-aware coding in the form of patterns and formulate these as a migration process. While one-to-one mappings of software from on-premise to cloud platforms are possible, statelessness and data externalisation from stateful sessions and applications emerge as solutions if cloud benefits such as elasticity and performance are aimed at.
Modeling and sizing for minimum energy operation in subthreshold circuits (2005)

This paper examines energy minimization for circuits operating in the subthreshold region. Subthreshold operation is emerging as an energy-saving approach to many energy-constrained applications where processor speed is less important. In this paper, we solve equations for total energy to provide an analytical solution for the optimum V/sub DD/ and V/sub T/ to minimize energy for a given frequency in subthreshold operation. We show the dependence of the optimum V/sub DD/ for a given technology on design characteristics and operating conditions. This paper also examines the effect of sizing on energy consumption for subthreshold circuits. We show that minimum sized devices are theoretically optimal for reducing energy. A fabricated 0.18-/spl mu/m test chip is used to compare normal sizing and sizing to minimize operational V/sub DD/ and to verify the energy models. Measurements show that existing standard cell libraries offer a good solution for minimizing energy in subthreshold circuits.
Dressing Plasmons in Particle-in-Cavity Architectures (2011)

Placing metallic nanoparticles inside cavities, rather than in dimers, greatly improves their plasmonic response. Such particle-in-cavity (PIC) hybrid architectures are shown to produce extremely strong field enhancement at the particle-cavity junctions, arising from the cascaded focusing of large optical cross sections into small gaps. These simply constructed PIC structures produce the strongest field enhancement for coupled nanoparticles, up to 90% stronger than for a dimer. The coupling is found to follow a universal power law with particle-surface separation, both for field enhancements and resonant wavelength shifts. Significantly enhanced Raman signals are experimentally observed for molecules adsorbed in such PIC structures, in quantitive agreement with theoretical calculations. PIC architectures may have important implications in many applications, such as reliable single molecule sensing and light harvesting in plasmonic photovoltaic devices.
Creatividad y Actitud Creativa (2011)

La ―chispa‖ de la respuesta creativa radica en la manera de formular las relaciones entre los elementos que participan en una problematica, y en como la gente los combina para obtener nuevas respuestas. El desarrollo de la creatividad le pertenece a cualquier ser humano que crea en si mismo. La persona que es creativa desarrolla la capacidad de la invencion.
Overview of Compressed Air Energy Storage and Technology Development (2017)

With the increase of power generation from renewable energy sources and due to their intermittent nature, the power grid is facing the great challenge in maintaining the power network stability and reliability. To address the challenge, one of the options is to detach the power generation from consumption via energy storage. The intention of this paper is to give an overview of the current technology developments in compressed air energy storage (CAES) and the future direction of the technology development in this area. Compared with other energy storage technologies, CAES is proven to be a clean and sustainable type of energy storage with the unique features of high capacity and long-duration of the storage. Its scale and cost are similar to pumped hydroelectric storage (PHS), thus CAES has attracted much attention in recent years while further development for PHS is restricted by the availability of suitable geological locations. The paper presents the state-of-the-art of current CAES technology development, analyses the major technological barriers/weaknesses and proposes suggestions for future technology development. This paper should provide a useful reference for CAES technology research and development strategy.
Modulation of cytokine release by purine receptors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (2005)

Adenosine receptor stimulation has a differential effect on the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and may induce cytokine release in normal subjects. Stimulated release of TNF-alpha is substantially lower in patients with rheumatoid arthritis than in control subjects, possibly indicating saturation, exhaustion or down-regulation of the release process.
High Dielectric Constant of RF-Sputtered HfO<sub>2</sub> Thin Films (1992)

Hafnium dioxide (HfO 2 ) thin films are deposited on indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates by the radio-frequency (RF) sputtering method using a HfO 2 sintered target. The deposition conditions, dielectric loss and dielectric constant of HfO 2 films before and after heat treatment are studied. The best deposition conditions for HfO 2 films are RF power 200 W, substrate temperature 100°C and sputtering gas pure Ar. The maximum dielectric constants are about 150 and 45 with 1 kHz signal excitation before and after annealing, respectively. They are higher than any ever reported.
Synthesis of β-<i>C</i>-<i>galacto</i>-Pyranosides with Fluorine on the Pseudoanomeric Substituent (2007)

[reaction: see text] beta-C-galacto-Pyranosides with CHF and CF2 substitutes for the glycosidic oxygen were prepared through a four-step sequence starting from a central 1-thio-1,2-O-isopropylidene acetal alcohol and different alpha-fluoro- and alpha,alpha-difluoro acids. The key step in the synthesis is the oxocarbenium cyclization of an intermediate enol ether-thioacetal to a C1-substituted glycal.
Polyphosphate kinase (PPK2), a potent, polyphosphate-driven generator of GTP (2002)

An enzyme that uses inorganic polyphosphate (poly P) as a donor to convert GDP to GTP has been purified 1,300-fold to homogeneity from lysates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAOM5. Poly P chains of 30-50 residues are optimal; those of 15-700 residues can also serve. GDP is preferred over ADP among nucleoside diphosphate acceptors. This nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDK) activity resides in the same protein isolated for its synthesis of poly P from GTP and designated PPK2 in an accompanying report. The reaction that synthesizes poly P and the reaction that utilizes poly P differ in their kinetic features. Especially notable is the catalytic potency of the NDK activity, which is 75-fold greater than that of poly P synthesis. PPK2 appears in the stationary phase of growth and reaches NDK levels of 5-10% that of the classic NDK; both kinase activities may figure in the generation of the guanosine precursors in the synthesis of alginate, an exopolysaccharide essential for the virulence of P. aeruginosa.
2-Alkylidene-1-Tetralones from Aldol Condensations (1998)

Abstract The crotonisation of 1-tetralone with various alkyl aldehydes under basic conditions led to the corresponding 2-alkylidene-1-tetralones with fair yields and complete stereoselectivities. The E-stereochemistry of the adducts has been determined through their photoisomerisation and by comparison of the 1H NMR spectra.
Controlling Copper Electrochemical Deposition (ECD) (2003)

The implementation of copper processing in semiconductor manufacturing has resulted in major process development and manufacturing challenges. A fundamental understanding of the copper plating processes used in manufacturing has been limited by the lack of in‐line methods for direct measurement and control of process chemistry. Plating bath chemistry adjustments and change‐out frequencies are currently determined using a combination of indirect electrochemical monitoring techniques, off‐line analyses of wafer metrology and analytical lab measurements. There have been a number of industry reports of major process startup delays, yield management problems and reliability issues as a result of these difficulties. A new in‐process mass spectrometry (IPMS) approach enables automated, real‐time measurement of both the inorganic components and organic additives in the copper electroplating chemistry as they change during production. The tool is not only capable of real time direct quantification of the copper, chloride, pH, and organic additives in the plating bath, but can also monitor additive breakdown byproducts as they occur during the production process. These breakdown products, as well as changes in the original bath constituent composition can be expected to have a major impact on process performance. We are now in the process of measuring longer term plating bath stability and chemistry changes in prototype applications in semiconductor fab manufacturing environments. The first results demonstrate improved process understanding and the potential for greatly improved process control. We will discuss the technical challenges that were successfully addressed in developing the IPMS capability for application to the copper plating process and the initial process data subsequently obtained.
A New Family of High-Affinity Transporters for Adenine, Cytosine, and Purine Derivatives in Arabidopsis (2000)

Bernd Gillissen, , , , Doris Rentsch, Birgit Brandl, Wolf B. Frommer, A New Family of High-Affinity Transporters for Adenine, Cytosine, and Purine Derivatives in Arabidopsis, The Plant Cell, Vol. 12, No. 2 (Feb., 2000), pp. 291-300
Stigende forventningspres truer forligsmulighederne (2006)

Udgivelsesdato: November
Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Prepared by Coprecipitation/Mechanochemical Treatment (2004)

Abstract Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles have been prepared by chemical coprecipitation, mechanical milling and subsequent thermal treatment. Sodium chloride was added as a diluent during mechanical milling to avoid agglomeration of the particles. Thermal treatment of the as-milled powder at 600 °C produces well-crystallized CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with an average crystal size of 22.5 nm. The mechanism of nanoparticle growth was discussed.
[Imatinib--a breakthrough in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST)]. (2003)

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are rare gastro-intestinal, mesenchymal tumours characterized by the expression of a receptor with tyrosine kinase activity called c-kit. A new drug, Imatinib, is a potent inhibitor of a subgroup of the tyrosine kinase family comprising BCR-ABL, platelet-derived growth factor, and c-kit. Imatinib represents the first systemic treatment with a clinical effect on patients with metastatic or unresectable GISTs, which are known to be resistant to chemo and radiotherapy. In the first phase I and II studies confirmed partial responses were seen in 53% and 59% of the patients respectively.
Weeding spammers at the root: A precise approach to spam reduction (2008)

Email spam has become one of the most critical threats affecting Internet user experiences. Existing anti-spam techniques, such as spam filters and reputation systems, face growing difficulties due to spammers’ use of multimedia content (which is difficult to filter) and computer zombies (which mask true spammer identity). We propose SpamWeeder, a simple idea for spam prevention, which targets the root of the spam problem - the email address trafficking. SpamWeeder can track the email address trafficking channels, expose the parties at the source of these channels, and precisely block all email from all and only parties belonging to a given distribution channel. SpamWeeder can further generate warnings to users against submitting their email addresses to parties likely to engage in address trafficking. Finally, our approach is transparent to users and can be installed autonomously by an organization intranet, without need for any changes to the rest of the email infrastructure.