gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design aspects of a high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor / generator for flywheel applications (2005)

This paper presents aspects of the design solution for a high speed, high efficiency permanent magnet machine used as a motor/generator (M/G) unit in a flywheel energy storage system. The motor is operated in a vacuum with passive cooling; thus the right choice of permanent magnet properties and ability to withstand demagnetization due to the temperature variation and armature reaction is important for the M/G design. Additionally, the M/G is operated with magnetic bearings so radiation is the only heat transfer method for rotor losses. Because of that, special measures are directed toward reducing the rotor losses. Analytical design results obtained by using a commercial motor design software package are presented. An investigation of the armature reaction and magnet demagnetization is performed using the magnetic circuit method and 2D finite element analysis (FEA). The results of the transient 2D FEA are presented. The value of the axial force applied to the rotor due to the stator slots skew as a function of stator current is determined using 3D FEA simulation. The final design results in good torque performance over the entire operating range
Band structure engineering via piezoelectric fields in strained anisotropic CdSe/CdS nanocrystals (2015)

Strain in colloidal heteronanocrystals with non-centrosymmetric lattices presents a unique opportunity for controlling optoelectronic properties and adds a new degree of freedom to existing wavefunction engineering and doping paradigms. We synthesized wurtzite CdSe nanorods embedded in a thick CdS shell, hereby exploiting the large lattice mismatch between the two domains to generate a compressive strain of the CdSe core and a strong piezoelectric potential along its c-axis. Efficient charge separation results in an indirect ground-state transition with a lifetime of several microseconds, almost one order of magnitude longer than any other CdSe/CdS nanocrystal. Higher excited states recombine radiatively in the nanosecond time range, due to increasingly overlapping excited-state orbitals. k˙p calculations confirm the importance of the anisotropic shape and crystal structure in the buildup of the piezoelectric potential. Strain engineering thus presents an efficient approach to highly tunable single- and multiexciton interactions, driven by a dedicated core/shell nanocrystal design.
Digitale Statenvertaling: vrijwilliger helpt wetenschap (2008)

NCDD onderzoekt digitale duurzaamheid in NederlandOmdat de zorg voor digitale data zowel internationale als nationale dimensies heeft, wordt parallel aan PARSE.insightonderzoek gedaan naar de status van digitale duurzaamheid in Nederland.De vorig jaar opgerichte Nationale Coalitie Digitale Duurzaamheid (NCDD) heeft zojuist een vooronderzoek afgerond voor een nationale verkenning die in
Genomic evidence for recent positive selection at the human MDR1 gene locus (2004)

The MDR1 multidrug transporter regulates the traffic of drugs, peptides and xenobiotics into the body as well as sensitive tissues like the brain, germ cells and the developing fetus. Hence, it may influence an individual's response to drugs as well as his/her susceptibility to complex diseases in which environmental factors, especially xenobiotics, play a role. Polymorphisms within this gene, especially single-nucleotide polymorphism e26/3435(C/T), have been variously associated with differences in MDR1 expression, function, drug response and disease susceptibility. Here, we report the detailed characterization of the haplotype and linkage disequilibrium architecture of the entire 200 kb of the MDR1 gene in five world populations, namely, Chinese, Malays, Indians, Caucasians and African-Americans. We observed varied haplotype diversity across the entire gene in the different populations. The major haplotype mh5, which contains the subhaplotype e12/1236T-e21/2677T-e26/3435T, is highly represented among the four non-African populations, while mh7, which contains the subhaplotype e12/1236C-e21/2677G-e26/3435C, accounts for over a third of African-American chromosomes. These observations are inconsistent with a simple population evolution model, but instead are suggestive of recent historical events that have maintained such long range linkage disequilibrium. Using a modified long-range haplotype test, we found statistically significant evidence of recent positive selection for the e21/2677T and e26/3435T alleles in the Chinese population, and for the e26/3435T allele in the Malay population. Interestingly, we also detected evidence for positive selection of the alternative allele e26/3435C in the African-American population. These data suggest that independent mutational events may have occurred on the mh5 and mh7 haplotypes of the MDR1 gene to confer positive selection in the non-African and African-American populations, respectively.
Towards effective Wireless Intrusion Detection in IEEE 802.11i (2007)

The proliferation of wireless devices and the availability of wireless applications and services constantly raise new security concerns. Towards this direction, wireless intrusion detection systems (WIDS) can assist a great deal to proactively and reactively protect wireless networks, thus discouraging or repealing potential adversaries. In this paper we discuss the major wireless attack categories concerning IEEE 802.11 family networks and in particular the latest 802.11i security standard. We elaborate on 802.11 specific attacks and experimentally explore how these outbreaks can be effectively mitigated or thwarted by a properly designed WIDS. Among specially crafted software for both WIDS's modules as well as for attack generators, our test-bed embraces the majority of well known open source attack tools. Test results show that the proposed WIDS modules are able to effectively detect, either directly or indirectly, most attacks.
Highly Enantioselective Insertion of Carbenoids into NH Bonds Catalyzed by Copper(I) Complexes of Binol Derivatives (2010)

Secondary amines do it too! Catalytic asymmetric insertion of α-diazoesters in the NH bond of differently substituted amines has been successfully achieved (see scheme; M.S.=molecular sieves). For a wide substrate scope, excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98 % ee) and high yields (up to 99 %) were obtained under mild reaction conditions.
On the design of electrospray emitters and their microfluidic behavior (2019)

This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Galectins: a key intersection between glycobiology and immunology (1999)

Galectins are a family of evolutionarily conserved animal lectins, widely distributed from lower invertebrates to mammals. They share sequence and structure similarities in the carbohydrate recognition domain and specificity for polylactosamine-enriched glycoconjugates. In the last few years significant experimental data have been accumulated concerning their participation in different biological processes requiring carbohydrate recognition such as cell adhesion, cell growth regulation, inflammation, immunomodulation, apoptosis and metastasis. In the present review we will discuss some exciting questions and advances in galectin research, highlighting the significance of these proteins in immunological processes and their implications in biomedical research, disease diagnosis and clinical intervention. Designing novel therapeutic strategies based on carbohydrate recognition will provide answers for the treatment of autoimmune disorders, inflammatory processes, allergic reactions and tumor spreading.
Mutation analysis of the Smad3 gene in human ovarian cancers. (1999)

The Smad3 gene is a member of the Smad family, vertebrate homologues of Drosophila Mad, and its gene product is a cytoplasmic element in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling pathway. Mutations in TGF-beta receptors and their cytoplasmic elements of transduction signals commonly accompany various cancers. Using PCR-SSCP analysis we searched for the presence of Smad3 gene mutations in 36 human ovarian cancers, and found that 15 cases (41. 7%) had a polymorphism at codon 103. Because this mutation was not accompanied by amino acid replacement, the present results show that the mutations in the Smad3 gene are unlikely to be involved in human ovarian cancers.
Off-Flavor in Channel Catfish from Commercial Ponds (1982)

Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus from 13 ponds with low feeding rates (<40 kg/hectare per day) and 10 ponds with high feeding rates (>50 kg/hectare per day) in west-central Alabama had discernable off-flavor, as determined by sensory evaluation. However, off-flavor became more intense (causing lower sensory scores) as maximum daily feeding rate increased (r = −0.66; P < 0.01). Six ponds with low feeding rates were in pastures for intensive dairy farming, and considerable manure reached these ponds. When these ponds were omitted, the correlation increased (r = −0.75; P < 0.01). Although correlations between chlorophyll α or chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations and off-flavor scores were not significant (P > 0.05), ponds with the lowest concentrations of chlorophyll α and COD had the best tasting fish. The blue-green alga Lyngbya sp. was abundant in several ponds where fish had extreme off-flavor.
Gene transfer experiments in cattle. (1989)

Various methods for gene transfer in cattle are described. Four vectors containing (1) the bovine papilloma virus DNA, (2) the alcohol dehydrogenase gene of Drosophila melanogaster, and the human (3) and the bovine (4) growth hormone gene were used for gene injection in bovine zygotes. The period between 78 and 82 h after prostaglandin treatment was determined as the optimum time for collection of bovine zygotes. A total of 802 eggs was obtained from 74 successfully superovulated heifers. The foreign DNA was injected into the pronuclei of 156 (Construct 1), 130 (Construct 2), 62 (Construct 3) and 250 (Construct 4) centrifuged zygotes. An average number of 12 zygotes per recipient heifer was transferred into one oviduct. The eggs were recovered after 14 days (Constructs 1 and 2) for analysis or after 7 days (Constructs 3 and 4) respectively for transfer into final recipients. After the transfer into 23 recipient heifers of 43 embryos (Construct 4), 14 calves were born and 1 fetal monster was isolated. According to dot-blot hybridization the total rate of efficiency of gene transfer was 3.2%, 6.9%, and 0.8% for Constructs 1, 2 and 4, respectively.
Camelina‐derived jet fuel and diesel: Sustainable advanced biofuels (2010)

Abstract Recently, an isoparaffin‐rich jet fuel derived from camelina, a low‐input nonfood oilseed crop, was flight‐tested by a commercial airline. To date, all test results indicate that this hydrotreated renewable jet fuel (HRJ) not only meets stringent engine fuel and performance specifications but also reduces environmental emissions. Several scenarios are now being considered for camelina as a sustainable feedstock for advanced biofuel production. For example, growth of camelina in the Northern Plains of the United States on either marginal lands or as a rotation crop during fallow periods on existing lands already in food crop production can avoid the conflict with food cultivation and concerns with indirect land use change impacts. Updated estimates of camelina cultivation requirements and commercial scale oil recovery and refining were used to calculate life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy demand for both HRJ and renewable diesel (green diesel, GD). GHG life cycle emissions for GD and HRJ are 18.0 and 22.4 g CO 2 equiv/MJ fuel, which represent savings relative to petroleum counterparts of 80% and 75%, respectively. Scenario analyses were conducted to determine response to model assumptions and data uncertainty, including allocation methodology, N fertilizer application rate, N 2 O emission factor, source of H 2 , and farm diesel consumption. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010
Cellulose Derivatives as Thermoresponsive Polymer: An Overview. (2013)

Cellulose is a linear homopolymer polysaccharide having water insoluble property. Various cellulose derivative prepared by etherification gains water solubility and shows thermoresponsive gelation. Thermoresponsive polymers are sensitive to thermal environment surrounding them and in response to it they show change in their property. Thermogelation behaviour of cellulose derivatives varies with degree and type of substitution. The main aim behind presenting this article is to summarize the thermosensitive property and application of various cellulose derivatives. This review stresses mainly on cellulose derivatives, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and ethyl (hydroxyethyl) cellulose.
Generating and Personalizing Bundle Recommendations on <i>Steam</i> (2017)

Many websites offer promotions in terms of bundled items that can be purchased together, usually at a discounted rate. 'Bundling' may be a means of increasing sales revenue, but may also be a means for content creators to expose users to new items that they may not have considered in isolation. In this paper, we seek to understand the semantics of what constitutes a 'good' bundle, in order to recommend existing bundles to users on the basis of their constituent products, as well the more difficult task of generating new bundles that are personalized to a user. To do so we collect a new dataset from the Steam video game distribution platform, which is unique in that it contains both 'traditional' recommendation data (rating and purchase histories between users and items), as well as bundle purchase information. We assess issues such as bundle size and item compatibility, and show that these features, when combined with traditional matrix factorization techniques, can lead to highly effective bundle recommendation and generation.
[Research Progress of EGFR-TKI Therapy for Patients with Central Nervous System  Metastases from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. (2016)

Approximately half of all patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) develop central nervous system metastases during the course of their disease which indicate poor prognosis. A part of NSCLC patients demonstrates activating epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) mutations who represent effectiveness and well tolerance of EGFR-speciﬁc tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) therapy. Although the systemic efficacy of targeted agents is established, the efficacy of central nervous system (CNS) metastases is not as well characterized. In this article, we review recent data on the use of EGFR inhibitors for treatment of patients with NSCLC and CNS metastases.
From perception to pleasure: Music and its neural substrates (2013)

Music has existed in human societies since prehistory, perhaps because it allows expression and regulation of emotion and evokes pleasure. In this review, we present findings from cognitive neuroscience that bear on the question of how we get from perception of sound patterns to pleasurable responses. First, we identify some of the auditory cortical circuits that are responsible for encoding and storing tonal patterns and discuss evidence that cortical loops between auditory and frontal cortices are important for maintaining musical information in working memory and for the recognition of structural regularities in musical patterns, which then lead to expectancies. Second, we review evidence concerning the mesolimbic striatal system and its involvement in reward, motivation, and pleasure in other domains. Recent data indicate that this dopaminergic system mediates pleasure associated with music; specifically, reward value for music can be coded by activity levels in the nucleus accumbens, whose functional connectivity with auditory and frontal areas increases as a function of increasing musical reward. We propose that pleasure in music arises from interactions between cortical loops that enable predictions and expectancies to emerge from sound patterns and subcortical systems responsible for reward and valuation.
Obstructive sleep apnea: A study by simultaneous polysomnography and ultrasonic imaging (2000)

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with major morbidity and daytime somnolence.1 Location of the obstruction cannot be determined by polysomnography, thereby contributing to variance in cure rates for surgical procedures such as uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP).2,3

There is no clinically accepted, comfortable, and noninvasive method for visualizing the airway during sleep. Ultrasonic imaging of the airway is an established method used in the evaluation of swallowing.4,5 It is a dynamic, safe method, permitting the noninvasive visualization of soft-tissue structures of the pharynx.5 Ultrasound has never been used in the evaluation of OSA.

Five male subjects age 35 to 57 years with OSA underwent this procedure. All subjects had apnea indices greater than 35. One subject had undergone unsuccessful UPPP in the past, and all subjects were using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) at home.

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Efficient wideband source localization using beamforming invariance technique (1994)

A novel scheme for wideband direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is proposed. The technique performs coherent signal subspace transformation by a set of judiciously constructed beamforming matrices. The beamformers are chosen to transform each of the narrowband array manifold vectors into the one corresponding to the reference frequency, regardless of the actual spatial distribution of the sources. The focused data correlation matrix can thus be obtained without any preliminary DOA estimation or iteration. A simplified version of the beamspace Root-MUSIC algorithm is developed and used in conjunction with the proposed method to efficiently localize multiple wideband sources with a linear, equally spaced array. Numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the efficacy of the new scheme.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Review of the Evidence as to the Nutritional State of Children in France (1945)

Review of the Evidence as to the Nutritional State of Children in France Harold C. Stuart CopyRight*Presented at a Joint Session of the School Health, Maternal and Child Health, and Food and Nutrition Sections of the American Public Health Association at the Seventy-third Annual Meeting in New York, N. Y., October 5, 1944. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.35.4.299 Published Online: August 29, 2011
What are Buying Companies Doing to Influence Suppliers to Act Sustainable (2013)

Several literature reviews about sustainable sourcing can be found in the literature, adopting related terms such as sustainable/green supply chain management, corporate social responsibility in purchasing, sustainable purchasing etc. This article represents a review of this literature, but from a novel perspective. Whereas most of the literature on sustainable sourcing tend to be concerned with buying company issues and takes the perspective of the buying company, such as drivers/barriers and effects on buying company performance, this review tries to provide an overview and analysis of how the mechanisms adopted by the buying company to influence suppliers to live up to sustainability, actually affect supplier sustainability performance. The review reveals that there is limited and mixed evidence in the literature of the effects of various adopted mechanisms on supplier sustainability performance. The needs and possibilities for future research are highlighted, including research on the supplier’s point of view, which has been limited in previous empirical studies and articles.
Comparison of structure of quinone redox site in the mitochondrial cytochrome‐<i>bc</i><sub>1</sub> complex and photosystem II (Q<sub>B</sub> site) (1992)

A series of nitrophenolic electron-transport inhibitors (2-substituted 4,6-dinitrophenols) of rat liver mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex and of photosystem II (QB site) of spinach thylakoids was synthesized. The structure/inhibitory-activity relationship was examined to elucidate differences in the three-dimensional structure of the quinone redox site in the two systems. These inhibitors occupy the ubiquinone redox site of cytochrome-bc1 complex competitively with natural ubiquinol, probably at a Qo reaction center. The inhibitory activity tended to increase with the length of the 2-substituent, which may correspond to the isoprenoid side chain of ubiquinone and plastoquinone, increased in both experimental systems. However, the strict structural requirements of the 2-substituent for binding to the ubiquinone or plastoquinone redox site were not identical. The alkyl substituents with a branching structure at the alpha-position to the benzene ring were favorable for inhibition of the cytochrome-bc1 complex, but not of photosystem II. Molecular-orbital calculations indicated that the main chain of 2-substituents with an alpha-branching structure was almost perpendicular to the benzene-ring plane because of steric congestion between the alpha-methyl and phenolic OH groups. The main chain of 2-substituents without an alpha-branching structure was flexible. Molecular-orbital studies indicated that ubiquinol was most stable when the portion of the isoprenoid side chain adjacent to the quinol ring was perpendicular to the quinol-ring plane, because of steric congestion by the vicinal OH and methyl groups. The side chain of plastoquinol was flexible because of the lack of a vicinal methyl group. Thus, the difference in the inhibitory activities between the two systems seemed to reflect the difference in the configuration of the isoprenoid side chain of ubiquinone and plastoquinone. These results suggested that the quinone redox site of the cytochrome-bc1 complex may recognize the configuration of the side chain near the quinone ring in the strict sense, whereas that of photosystem II (QB site) may recognize it in a loose sense.
Real‐Time Contact Force Sensing for Pulmonary Vein Isolation in the Setting of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: Procedural and 1‐Year Results (2013)

Our findings suggest a potential benefit of real-time CF sensing technology, in reducing AF recurrence during the first year after PVI.
Introduction (1990)

When the Japanese buried Emperor Hirohito on 24 February 1989, they buried a man important not so much for what he did, as for what he represented. Although he reigned for 62 years as the 124th emperor in a line stretching back over 1500 years, for Japanese Hirohito represents much more than a colorful and mysterious past. The Emperor’s long reign straddled Japan’s schizophrenic twentieth century: the promising steps toward democratization and internationalization of the 1920s, the mad, rapid descent into the fascism and militarism of the 1930s, the horror of defeat and shame of Occupation during the 1940s, and the steady growth into an economic superpower since. With Hirohito’s death and the ascension of a new, young emperor, Akihito, to the throne, Japan has become psychologically whole again, confidently reinterpreting its past as passionately as it continues to expand its global economic power.