gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Dehumidification Performance of Air-Conditioning Equipment at Part-Load Conditions (2006)

Air conditioner cooling coils typically provide both sensible cooling and moisture removal. Data from a limited number of field studies (Khattar et al. 1985; Henderson and Rengarajan 1996; Henderson 1998) have demonstrated that the moisture removal capacity of a cooling coil degrades at part-load conditions--especially when the supply fan operates continuously while the cooling coil cycles on and off. Degradation occurs because moisture that condenses on the coil surfaces during the cooling cycle evaporates back into air stream when the coil is off. This degradation affects the ability of cooling equipment to maintain proper indoor humidity levels and may negatively impact indoor air quality. This report summarizes the results of a comprehensive project to better understand and quantify the moisture removal (dehumidification) performance of cooling coils at part-load conditions. A review of the open literature was initially conducted to learn from previous research on this topic. Detailed performance measurements were then collected for eight cooling coils in a controlled laboratory setting to understand the impact of coil geometry and operating conditions on transient moisture condensation and evaporation by the coils. Measurements of cooling coil dehumidification performance and space humidity levels were also collected at seven field test sites. Finally, an existing engineering model to predict dehumidification performance degradation for single-stage cooling equipment at part-load conditions (Henderson and Rengarajan 1996) was enhanced to include a broader range of fan control strategies and an improved theoretical basis for modeling off-cycle moisture evaporation from cooling coils. The improved model was validated with the laboratory measurements, and this report provides guidance for users regarding proper model inputs. The model is suitable for use in computerized calculation procedures such as hourly or sub-hourly building energy simulation programs (e.g., DOE's EnergyPlus building energy simulation program, http://www.energyplus.gov ).
Analysis and biological activity of the essential oil of rosmarinus officinalis l. from egypt (1994)

Abstract A comparative study of the essential oils prepared from the fresh leaves of plants collected from St Catherine, Sinai (sample I), and from Giza (sample II) was carried out. The yields were 0.14 and 0.40% respectively. Analysis of the oils by gas chromatography‐mass spectroscopy (GC‐MS) led to the identification of 43 components in sample I. These components represented 82% of the total composition of the oil. Verbenone (12.3%), camphor (11.3%), bornyl acetate (7.6%) and limonene (7.1%) were the major constituents. Thirty‐seven components, which represented about 86% of the total composition of the oil, were identified in sample II. Camphor (14.9%), α‐pinene (9.3%), and 1,8‐cineole (9.0%) were the main constituents. Sample II showed a good antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Mycobacterium intracellularae . Preliminary screening against the earthworms Allolobophora caliginosa showed that both oils have a marked vermicidal activity.
Placental site trophoblastic tumor. Diagnosis, clinical behavior and treatment. (1991)

Placental site trophoblastic tumor is a rare trophoblastic neoplasm with the potential for metastatic disease and death. Difficulty diagnosing these tumors and predicting their biologic behavior has clouded attempts to successfully outline individual treatment plans. This review details current knowledge of the origin and clinical behavior of this rare form of trophoblastic disease. The use of various markers to predict clinically aggressive behavior is reviewed critically, and treatment is recommended on the basis of recently published clinical series.
Water‐Soluble Gold Nanoparticles: From Catalytic Selective Nitroarene Reduction in Water to Refractive Index Sensing (2015)

Water-soluble gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) stabilized by a nitrogen-rich poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-tagged substrate have been prepared by reduction of HAuCl4 with NaBH4 in water at room temperature. The morphology and size of the nanoparticles can be controlled by simply varying the gold/stabilizer ratio. The nanoparticles have been fully characterized by TEM, high-resolution (HR) TEM, electron diffraction (ED), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), UV/Vis, powder XRD, and elemental analysis. The material is efficient as a recyclable catalyst for the selective reduction of nitroarenes with NaBH4 to yield the corresponding anilines in water at room temperature. Furthermore, the potential ability of the Au NPs as a refractive index sensor owing to their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect has also been assessed.
A METHODOLOGY FOR QUERY REFORMULATION IN CIS USING SEMANTIC KNOWLEDGE (1996)

We consider Cooperative Information Systems (CIS) that are multidatabase systems (MDBMS), with a common object-oriented model, based on the ODMG standard, together with local databases that may be relational, object-oriented, or dedicated data servers. The MDBMS interface (or mediator interface) that describes this CIS could be different from the union of the local interfaces that describe each local database. In particular, the mediator interface may be defined by semantic knowledge that includes views over particular local databases, integrity constraints, and knowledge about data replication in local databases. We present a methodology for query reformulation which is based on the uniform representation of all semantic knowledge in the form of integrity assertions and mapping rules. A reformulation algorithm exploits this semantic knowledge, and performs semantic rewriting based on pattern-matching, to obtain a query on the union of the local interfaces. A decomposition algorithm then produces a composite query, and local sub-queries, one for each local interface. The reformulation is general enough to re-use the results of previously computed queries in the CIS. We have implemented this reformulation technique in our Flora compiler prototype which we used for validation and experimentation with O2 databases.
Efficient and Copper‐Free Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling Reaction Catalyzed by Pd(OAc)<sub>2</sub>/Pyrimidines Catalytic System. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hybrid transparent electrodes of silver nanowires and carbon nanotubes: a low-temperature solution process (2012)

Hybrid transparent electrodes with silver nanowires (AgNWs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were fabricated on plastic films by a low-temperature solution process. The hybrid transparent electrodes exhibited a sheet resistance of 29.2 Ω/sq with a transparency of 80% when 6 wt.% of SWCNTs was mixed with AgNWs. This sheet resistance was less than one-fourth that of the AgNW transparent electrodes that were prepared using the same method. This reduction in sheet resistance is because the SWCNTs formed bridges between the AgNWs, thus, resulting in high conductivity of the hybrid transparent electrodes. The hybrid electrodes formed on plastic films exhibited high conductivity as well as excellent stability in sheet resistance when tested using a repeated bending test.PACS: 62.23.Hj; 61.48.De; 81.15.-z.
Fast deposition of amorphous hydrogenated carbon and silicon layers (1994)

The dependencies of particle and power fluxed were investigated on the parameters of the deposition process and the relation with the quality of the deposited amorphous hydrogenated carbon layers. The deposition rate for a-C:H films increases as a function of monomer flow rate, Ar flow rate, and arc power. [on SciFinder (R)]
Starch granule initiation and growth are altered in barley mutants that lack isoamylase activity (2002)

Two mutant lines of barley, Risø 17 and Notch-2, were found to accumulate phytoglycogen in the grain. Like the sugary mutants of maize and rice, these phytoglycogen-accumulating mutants of barley lack isoamylase activity in the developing endosperm. The mutants were shown to be allelic, and to have lesions in the isoamylase gene, isa1 that account for the absence of this enzyme. As well as causing a reduction in endosperm starch content, the mutations have a profound effect on the structure, number and timing of initiation of starch granules. There are no normal A-type or B-type granules in the mutants. The mutants have a greater number of starch granules per plastid than the wild-type and, particularly in Risø 17, this leads to the appearance of compound starch granules. These results suggest that, as well as suppressing phytoglycogen synthesis, isoamylase in the wild-type endosperm plays a role in determining the number, and hence the form, of starch granules.
Polycyclic Group V ligands. IV. 2,6,7-Trithia-4-methyl-1-phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane and derivatives (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolycyclic Group V ligands. IV. 2,6,7-Trithia-4-methyl-1-phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane and derivativesA. C. Vandenbroucke Jr., E. J. Boros, and J. G. VerkadeCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1968, 7, 7, 1469–1472Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50065a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50065a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Commentary (1977)

Lack of patient compliance with prescribed regimens is an important and fascinating problem in medical care. Its distressing magnitude in virtually all outpatient senings 33 makes consideration of noncompliance mandatory for all serious medical conditions for which efficacious self‐administered treatments are available. Unfortunately, attempts to understand noncompliance (the better to contral it) have revealed its complexity without yielding much useful information about its management. To make matters worse, the complexity to which we have alluded seems to have resulted in both confusion about or inattention to what is actually known and misleading or inaccurate claims about that which is not. This has certainly been the case with respect to the relationship of the therapeutic regimen to compliance. One can hardly avoid encountering a manufacturer's claim that a product will promote compliance
Scalable HAIPE discovery using a DNS-like referral model (2005)

This paper presents a scalable concept for the dynamic discovery of High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryption (HAIPE) devices situated across multiple "striped" network segments. The term "striped" in this context refers to traversing from a red (or classified) network to a black (or unclassified) network to a red network in multiple concatenated fashion (i.e., red-black-red-black-red...) There are many reasons why network "segmentation" using IP encryption may occur: use of a commercial satellite link, traversing from one secure facility to another on an existing base networks, operating over a radio frequency network, and so on. Each of these network segments or enclaves need to be secured (in this case, via IP encryption) which causes the segments to exist. The boundary between red and black sides is assumed to be protected via a HAIPE device. Our design also addresses mobile enclaves (where whole networks may come and go every 15 minutes) and multi-homed enclaves (where multiple entry/exit points exist). Finding how one traverses this striped environment and operate on a global scale (millions of network) are key challenges and the subject of this paper
delta 9 Acyl-lipid desaturases of cyanobacteria. Molecular cloning and substrate specificities in terms of fatty acids, sn-positions, and polar head groups. (1994)

In cyanobacteria, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids is initiated by delta 9 acyl-lipid desaturase which introduces the first double bond at the delta 9 position of a saturated fatty acid that has been esterified to a glycerolipid. We have cloned genes, designated desC, for delta 9 acyl-lipid desaturases from two cyanobacteria, namely Anabaena variabilis and Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. These desaturases, when expressed in Escherichia coli, desaturated stearic acid to yield oleic acid at the C-1 positions of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol, but did not desaturate palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, and cis-vaccenic acid. These results indicate that the delta 9 acyl-lipid desaturases are specific to stearic acid esterified at the C-1 position of a glycerolipid and are nonspecific with respect to the polar head group of the glycerolipid. The deduced amino acid sequences of the delta 9 acyl-lipid desaturases are similar in part to those of stearoyl-CoA desaturases of the rat, the mouse, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but not to those of acyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) desaturases of higher plants.
Bioenergy Production via Microbial Conversion of Residual Oil to Natural Gas (2008)

World requirements for fossil energy are expected to grow by more than 50% within the next 25 years, despite advances in alternative technologies. Since conventional production methods retrieve only about one-third of the oil in place, either large new fields or innovative strategies for recovering energy resources from existing fields are needed to meet the burgeoning demand. The anaerobic biodegradation of n-alkanes to methane gas has now been documented in a few studies, and it was speculated that this process might be useful for recovering energy from existing petroleum reservoirs. We found that residual oil entrained in a marginal sandstone reservoir core could be converted to methane, a key component of natural gas, by an oil-degrading methanogenic consortium. Methane production required inoculation, and rates ranged from 0.15 to 0.40 micromol/day/g core (or 11 to 31 micromol/day/g oil), with yields of up to 3 mmol CH(4)/g residual oil. Concomitant alterations in the hydrocarbon profile of the oil-bearing core revealed that alkanes were preferentially metabolized. The consortium was found to produce comparable amounts of methane in the absence or presence of sulfate as an alternate electron acceptor. Cloning and sequencing exercises revealed that the inoculum comprised sulfate-reducing, syntrophic, and fermentative bacteria acting in concert with aceticlastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Collectively, the cells generated methane from a variety of petroliferous rocks. Such microbe-based methane production holds promise for producing a clean-burning and efficient form of energy from underutilized hydrocarbon-bearing resources.
Geographic Distribution of Endemic Fungal Infections among Older Persons, United States (2011)

To investigate the epidemiology and geographic distribution of histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, and blastomycosis in older persons in the United States, we evaluated a random 5% sample of national Medicare data from 1999 through 2008. We calculated national, regional, and state-based incidence rates and determined 90-day postdiagnosis mortality rates. We identified 776 cases (357 histoplasmosis, 345 coccidioidomycosis, 74 blastomycosis). Patient mean age was 75.7 years; 55% were male. Histoplasmosis and blastomycosis incidence was highest in the Midwest (6.1 and 1.0 cases/100,000 person-years, respectively); coccidioidomycosis incidence rate was highest in the West (15.2). On the basis of available data, for 86 (11.1%) cases, there was no patient exposure to a traditional disease-endemic area. Knowledge of areas where endemic mycosis incidence is increased may affect diagnostic or prevention measures for older adults at risk.
Lignin-first biomass fractionation: the advent of active stabilisation strategies (2017)

Effective ways to prevent lignin degradation during biomass fractionation are key for an easy lignin-to-aromatics conversion.
Restoration of Active Transport in an Mg <sup>2+</sup> -Adenosine Triphosphatase-Deficient Mutant of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1973)

A neomycin-resistant mutant of Escherichia coli, NR70, lacking membrane-bound Mg(2+)-adenosine triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.3) activity has been isolated. Both whole cells and membrane vesicles exhibit a reduced ability to accumulate amino acids and sugars. Other membrane-related functions such as oxygen consumption, the in vivo hydrolysis of o-nitrophenyl-beta-d-galactoside, and the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system did not exhibit reduced activities in NR70. Amino acid transport could be partially restored by the addition of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The results suggest that a role of the Mg(2+)-adenosine triphosphatase may be to participate in the coupling of energy derived from the electron transport chain to other processes such as transport.
Electrodeposited CuGa(Se,Te) <sub>2</sub> thin‐film prepared from sulfate bath (2006)

CuGa(Se,Te)2 (CGST) thin films were prepared on a soda-lime glass substrate sputter coated with molybdenum by electrodeposition. The aqueous solution which contained CuSO4-5H2O, Ga2(SO4)3-19.3H2O, H2SeO3, H6TeO6, Li2SO4 and gelatin was adjusted to pH 2.6 with dilute H2SO4 and NaOH. It has been observed that (i) a crack-less and smooth CGST film with a composition close to the stoichiometric ratio was deposited at -600 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) when Te was hardly included in the film and (ii) cracks and products on the surface increased with increasing Te content in the film. Annealing at 600 °C for 10 min improved the crystallinity of the as-deposited films. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Studying the NO<sub>x</sub>-trap mechanism over a Pt-Rh/Ba/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>catalyst by operando FT-IR spectroscopy (2003)

In situ FTIR spectroscopy coupled with mass spectrometry have been used to study the mechanism of nitrates formation and reduction over a common Pt-Rh/Ba/Al2O3 NOx storage catalyst. Our device consists of a transmission reactor cell (having a very small dead volume) dedicated to the evolution of surface species, and of a mass spectrometer combined with a FTIR micro-cell for gas analysis, allowing time resolved analysis in stationary and transient conditions. After studying the nitration properties of the catalysts under a lean flow, we have investigated its activity and selectivity in nitrate reduction under different reducing agents (CO, H2), using a rich mixture very close to the real composition too. The alternate exposure to rich and lean streams has allowed the identification of some steps in the reduction pathway, active sites, intermediate species and by-products for NOx-trap reaction. In particular we have differentiated the role of the support and the noble metal in the mechanism, as well as of isocyanate adspecies and ammonia among the detected species.
AN ANALYTICAL MODEL TO EVALUATE ALTERNATIVE METHODS FOR DISTANCE CALCULATION IN GIS-BASED VEHICLE ROUTING DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS (2003)

Most commercial vehicle-routing decision support systems employ network optimization methods for calculating inter-stop distances over digital street data.Although potentially more accurate, these optimization methods are computationally intensive, increase overall problem complexity and require more sophisticated and expensive GIS systems to support the functions.Alternative approaches for calculating inter-stop street distances have been re-emerging in the literature as software developers seek to increase efficiency when solving these types of complex problems allowing larger problems to be solved in real-time.This research in progress describes an analytical model to determine if approximation methods are comparable, in terms of the quality of solutions generated, to computationally expensive optimization methods which have been generally adopted by software vendors.
Safety of orthopedic implants in magnetic resonance imaging: An experimental verification (2006)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an indispensable tool for musculoskeletal imaging. The presence of metal, however, raises concerns. The potential risks are loosening and migration of the implant, heating of the metal with surrounding tissue, causing thermal damage, and artifactual distortion which compromise the diagnostic value of the procedure. The aim of this study was to test experimentally the nature and extent of the first two of these effects in orthopedic implants. The degree of ferromagnetism was evaluated by deflection studies at the portals of a 0.25 Tesla permanent magnet and 1.0 Tesla clinical MRI scanner. None of the orthopedic implants exhibited any attraction. External fixator clamps, however, showed significant ferromagnetism. The heating of implants by "worst-case" scenario imaging sequences was insignificant. Many contemporary nonferromagnetic orthopedic implants can be imaged safely. It is prudent, however, to perform ex vivo deflection studies on a duplicate implant to confirm MR compatibility. With external fixator devices exhibiting strong ferromagnetism, MRI should be avoided. With expanding indications for MRI, orthopedic implants are unlikely to limit the potential of this powerful tool.
Jupiter Rising (2015)

We present our approach for overcoming the cost, operational complexity, and limited scale endemic to datacenter networks a decade ago. Three themes unify the five generations of datacenter networks detailed in this paper. First, multi-stage Clos topologies built from commodity switch silicon can support cost-effective deployment of building-scale networks. Second, much of the general, but complex, decentralized network routing and management protocols supporting arbitrary deployment scenarios were overkill for single-operator, pre-planned datacenter networks. We built a centralized control mechanism based on a global configuration pushed to all datacenter switches. Third, modular hardware design coupled with simple, robust software allowed our design to also support inter-cluster and wide-area networks. Our datacenter networks run at dozens of sites across the planet, scaling in capacity by 100x over ten years to more than 1Pbps of bisection bandwidth.
Providing QoS in infiniband for regular and irregular topologies (2004)

The infiniband architecture (IBA) is becoming an industry standard for communication between processing nodes and I/O devices or for interprocessor communication. It is being developed by the infinibandSM trade association (IBTA) to provide the levels of reliability, availability, performance, scalability, and quality of service (QoS) necessary for present and future server systems. In Alfaro et al., (2003) we proposed a new strategy to address these issues. We have evaluated this new strategy only for irregular topology networks Alfaro et al., (2003). In this paper we evaluate our proposal for regular topologies (hypercube and mesh) and we compare the results obtained. In this way, we want to study the influence of the topology on the QoS mechanisms.