gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic and Biochemical Analyses of<i>Escherichia coli</i>Mutants Altered in the Temperature-Dependent Regulation of Membrane Lipid Composition (1983)

We have previously studied two mutants of Escherichia coli altered in the regulation of membrane lipid composition by temperature. One class (represented by the fabFl allele) fails to regulate upon temperature shift and is defective in cis-vaccenic acid synthesis owing to the lack of the fatty acid elongation enzyme beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase II(EC 2.3.1.41). A second class of mutant, given the phenotypic designation Vtr, overproduces cis-vaccenic acid at all temperatures and hence is altered in temperature regulation. In this paper we report evidence for the following conclusions. (i) The Vtr and fabFl mutations show very tight genetic linkage. (ii) The Vtr lesion is allelic to the fabFl mutation since the presence of the fabFl mutation in merodiploid strains carrying the Vtr or fabF(+) alleles results in fatty acid compositions intermediate between those of the two monoploid strains. Merodiploids carrying both the fabF(+) and Vtr alleles likewise show an intermediate composition. These results indicate intra-allelic complementation. (iii) The two E. coli proteins recently discovered by Rock (J. Bacteriol. 152:1298-1300, 1982) that form mixed disulfide cross-links to acyl carrier protein are directly demonstrated to be beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthases I and II. (iv) The fabFl strains produce a synthase II band of altered electrophoretic mobility, indicating that the fabF locus is the structural gene for synthase II. (v) The synthase II of Vtr strains is abnormally sensitive to cerulenin, an antibiotic that specifically inhibits synthases I and II. This increased sensitivity is readily demonstrated in vivo, but in vitro we failed to detect an increased sensitivity of the Vtr synthase II to cerulenin, nor have we detected any other kinetic or structural alteration in the enzyme. We interpret these results in terms of specific interactions of synthase II with other cellular components which occur in vivo but are not duplicated in vitro.
Interactive lighting manipulation application on GPU (2009)

We present a technique for relighting an image such that different areas of the image are illuminated with different combinations of lighting directions. The key idea is to capture illumination data using a lighting apparatus system such as Hawkins et al. [2004], calculate radial basis function interpolation of light constraints specified by users and render the calculated illumination result in realtime using GPU. The application can simulate the result of unnatural lighting conditions, for example, the image of a whole face lit from per pixel view dependence reflection angles or from gazing angles (see Fig. 1, a). The application can also render a high-resolution result at 1920 x 1080 in three to four minutes.
Autoactivation of proteinase A initiates activation of yeast vacuolar zymogens (1992)

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae PEP4 gene encodes proteinase A, an aspartyl protease. pep4 mutants are defective in the activation of many vacuolar hydrolases, including proteinase B. We have expressed a pep4 mutation which directs the accumulation of pro-proteinase A with a defective active site. Co-expression with PEP4 leads to normal processing, i.e. the mutant zymogen is functional as a substrate for the maturation reaction in trans. We conclude that wild-type pro-proteinase A has the ability to mediate its own activation. Elimination of the co-expressed PEP4 gene did not effectively stop the processing of the mutant zymogen, owing to a strong, proteinase-B-dependent, phenotypic lag. In a proteinase-B-negative strain, processing of pro-proteinase A led to an active form of a higher molecular mass than the normal mature form.
'Oxidation Inhibits Substrate Proteolysis by Calpain I but Not Autolysis (1997)

In this study, the effects of oxidation on calpain I autolysis and calpain-mediated proteolysis were examined. Calpain I was incubated with increasing concentrations of free calcium in the presence or absence of oxidant, and autolytic conversion of both the 80- and 30-kDa subunits was measured by immunoblotting utilizing monoclonal antibodies which recognize both autolyzed and non-autolyzed forms of each subunit, respectively. Autolytic conversion of the 80-kDa subunit of calpain I was not detected until free calcium concentration was greater than 40 microM, whereas autolysis of the 30-kDa subunit did not occur until the free calcium concentration was greater than 100 microM. In addition, autolytic conversion of either the 80- or 30-kDa subunit was not inhibited by the presence of oxidant. Calpain I activity was measured using the fluorescent peptide N-succinyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-valyl-L-tyrosine-7-amido-4- methylcoumarin or the microtubule-associated protein tau as substrate. Calpain I was found to have proteolytic activity at free calcium concentrations below that required for autolysis. Calpain I activity was strongly inhibited by oxidant at all calcium concentrations studied, suggesting that proteolytic activity of both the non-autolyzed 80-kDa and autolyzed 76-kDa forms was susceptible to oxidation. Interestingly, whereas oxidation did not inhibit autolytic conversion, the presence of high substrate concentrations did result in a significant reduction of autolysis without altering calpain proteolytic activity. Calpain I activity that had been inhibited by the presence of oxidant was recovered immediately by addition of the reducing agent dithiothreitol.
Tumor Mutational Burden and Response Rate to PD-1 Inhibition (2017)

In a survey of the spectrum of mutational burdens in 27 types of cancers, there was a correlation between an increased mutational burden and the response to checkpoint inhibition of PD-1 and PD-L1.
Mobility studies of field-effect transistor structures basedon anthracene single crystals (2004)

The charge carrier transport in anthracene single crystals has been studied by means of field-effect transistor (FET) structure. The FET mobility (μFET) revealed the nonmonotonous, reliant on gate-voltage (Vg), temperature dependence with the maximum μFET∼0.02cm2∕Vs at T∼170–180K and Vg∼−30V. At temperatures below 180K the mobility decreases and becomes thermally activated with the Vg-dependent activation energy Ea∼40–70meV governed by shallow traps. The space-charge-limited current is the dominant transport mechanism in FET structures based on anthracene single crystals.
Mechanism of activation of the double‐stranded‐RNA‐dependent protein kinase, PKR (2001)

An important defense against viral infection involves inhibition of translation by PKR phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF2. Binding of viral dsRNAs to two dsRNA-binding domains (dsRBDs) in PKR leads to relief of an inhibitory region and activation of eIF2 kinase activity. Interestingly, while deletion of the regulatory region of PKR significantly induces activity in vitro, the truncated kinase does not inhibit translation in vivo, suggesting that these sequences carry out additional functions required for PKR control. To delineate these functions and determine the order of events leading to activation of PKR, we fused truncated PKR to domains of known function and assayed the chimeras for in vivo activity. We found that fusion of a heterologous dimerization domain with the PKR catalytic domain enhanced autophosphorylation and eIF2 kinase function in vivo. The dsRBDs also mediate ribosome association and we proposed that such targeting increases the localized concentration of PKR, enhancing interaction between PKR molecules. We addressed this premise by linking the truncated PKR to RAS sequences mediating farnesylation and membrane localization and found that the fusion protein was functional in vivo. These results indicate that cellular localization along with oligomerization enhances interaction between PKR molecules. Alanine substitution for the phosphorylation site, threonine 446, impeded in vivo and in vitro activity of the PKR fusion proteins, while aspartate or glutamate substitutions partially restored the function of the truncated kinase. These results indicate that both dimerization and cellular localization play a role in transient protein-protein interactions and that trans-autophosphorylation is the final step in the mechanism of activation of PKR.
Stabilization of a Bicontinuous Cubic Phase from Polymerizable Monoacylglycerol and Diacylglycerol (1998)

Technological applications of lipids may be possible through stabilization of various liquid-crystalline phases. One important approach to stabilized self-assembling materials utilizes polymerization of liquid-crystalline phases composed of reactive lipids. Polymerization of lipids has been utilized to modify the chemical and physical properties of lamellar assemblies (e.g., lipid monolayers, multilayers, and bilayer vesicles). In addition, polymerization of the lipid region of three-dimensional nonlamellar lipid-phase structures has recently been reported, including the reversed bicontinuous cubic (QII) phase, belonging to the space group Pn3m and the reversed hexagonal (HII) phase. Here we show that an easily prepared polymerizable monoacylglycerol combined in a 9/1 molar ratio with the corresponding polymerizable 1,2-diacylglycerol forms nonlamellar phases upon hydration at room temperature. Phase investigation using cross-polarized light, 2H NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction showed that the lipid mixture formed a well-defined cubic phase from at least 5 to 45 °C. The X-ray diffraction pattern corresponded to a cubic phase with Ia3d symmetry and a unit cell size of 131 Å at 25 °C. Polymerization to high conversion of this cubic phase was accomplished via the thermal decomposition of H2O2. The resultant polymers dissolved in organic solvent, indicating they were not cross-linked. The visual clear character, cross-polarized light test, and X-ray diffraction showed that isotropic architecture was maintained up to at least 70 °C after sample polymerization. The diffusion coefficient of water (23 °C) within the polymerized cubic phase, determined by pulsed field gradient NMR spectroscopy, was 1.2 ± 0.2 × 10-10 m2/s, a value consistent with retention of the cubic phase during and after the polymerization. The biocompatible and mesoporous nature of the polymerized cubic phase suggests it could be used as the host for incorporation of synthetic or biological molecules in a manner that has already proven especially useful in microporous solids.
Biomimetic Cannabinoid Synthesis Revisited: Batch and Flow All‐Catalytic Synthesis of (±)‐<i>ortho</i>‐Tetrahydrocannabinols and Analogues from Natural Feedstocks (2018)

Using a combination of Au nanoparticle‐catalyzed oxidation under an O 2 atmosphere and a Ti‐doped montmorillonite (Ti‐MMT)‐catalyzed tandem arylation/double cyclization, we developed an original and highly selective method for the synthesis of ortho ‐tetrahydrocannabinol derivatives from simple substrates. The reaction sequence could be performed in two steps in batch mode or in a single operation in continuous‐flow reactors. The abnormal regioselectivity was proposed to be the result of the non‐innocent role of the MMT support, Ti IV cation coordination, and a Lewis acid‐assisted Brønsted acid (LBA) mechanism.
Experience with the ODMG standard (1995)

article Experience with the ODMG standard Share on Author: Rick Cattell Sunsoft, Inc, Mountain View, California Sunsoft, Inc, Mountain View, CaliforniaView Profile Authors Info & Claims StandardViewVolume 3Issue 3Sept. 1995 pp 90–95https://doi.org/10.1145/226191.226197Published:01 September 1995 1citation363DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads363Last 12 Months0Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Inadvertent Hypothermia (1988)

Inadvertent hypothermia can be a common, yet underestimated, hazard of the elderly surgical patient.
Film synthesis and growth using energetic beams : symposium held April 17-20, 1995, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. (1995)

With over 16 countries represented, this book represents international developments in the field of film synthesis and growth using energetic beams. It focuses on pulsed-laser deposition. Fundamental issues pertaining to the generation of laser ablation plumes, temperature distributions and collisional effects are described. Ion-assisted pulsed-laser deposition, pulsed-ion deposition, applications of hyperthermal beams and aspects of surface dynamics are discussed. The inclusion of an ion beam with the ablation process leads to some unique modifications in the thin-film growth mechanisms, and hence, film properties. Likewise, the collision of high-mass metal cluster ions with substrates shows promise for growth of novel structures. Also featured are new developments of optoelectronic materials, nitrides and carbon films using a variety of techniques. The effects of beam-induced defects on growth and surface morphology, chemical effects during growth, and characterization of film growth and film properties are addressed.
STEROIDS. XXIV.<sup>1</sup> INTRODUCTION OF THE 11-KETO AND 11α-HYDROXY GROUPS INTO RING C UNSUBSTITUTED STEROIDS (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSTEROIDS. XXIV.1 INTRODUCTION OF THE 11-KETO AND 11α-HYDROXY GROUPS INTO RING C UNSUBSTITUTED STEROIDSGilbert Stork, J. Romo, G. Rosenkranz, and Carl DjerassiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 7, 3546–3547Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01151a553https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01151a553research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Library finding for high-level synthesis of analog systems (2002)

The behavior of an analog system may be represented as a signal flow graph (SFG), where nodes represent operations (transfer functions and non-linear functions) on signals and edges represent signal flow. Library binding or technology mapping transforms the given behavior into a netlist of cells from the target library, optimized for performance. Analog library binding is different from its digital counterpart, and presents new problems that we address in this work. (1) The transformation from analog behavior to structure is not unique. Our algorithm performs architecture generation and explores various possible circuit architectures for the best area and noise performance. (2) The occurrence of feedback in analog systems introduces cycles in the SFG. Hence the structural approach to analog library binding involves matching and covering of directed graphs with cycles. We employ a multi-level pattern library representation, together with hierarchical matching and covering approach to solve this problem. (3) In order to have acceptable signal-to-noise ratio at the system's output terminals, low-noise circuit structures are selected by optimizing both the gain distribution and the noise figure (NF) of the system. Due to its frequency-dependent nature, noise figure is determined over multiple frequency points during fitness evaluation.
Molecularly Imprinted PHEMA‐Based Cryogel for Depletion of Hemoglobin from Human Blood (2009)

Abstract A new generation of molecularly imprinted macroporous hydrogels, so‐called cryogels, were prepared for depletion of hemoglobin from human blood. Hb‐PHEMAH cryogels were prepared with gel fraction yields up to 90%, and its morphology and porosity were characterized by FTIR, SEM, swelling studies, flow dynamics and surface area measurements. Selective binding experiments were performed in the presence of competitive proteins Myb and BSA. Hb‐PHEMAH cryogel exhibited a high binding capacity and selectivity for Hb in the presence of Myb and BSA. The selectivity of Hb‐PHEMAH cryogel for Hb was confirmed by HPLC. Hb depletion from blood hemolysate was also studied using SDS‐PAGE. Hb‐PHEMAH cryogel can be reused many times with no apparent decrease in Hb adsorption capacity. magnified image
Expression of M-cadherin, a member of the cadherin multigene family, correlates with differentiation of skeletal muscle cells. (1991)

Cadherins, a multigene family of transmembrane glycoproteins, mediate Ca(2+)-dependent intercellular adhesion. They are thought to be essential for the control of morphogenetic processes, including myogenesis. Here we report the identification and characterization of the cDNA of another member of the cadherin family, M-cadherin (M for muscle), from differentiating muscle cells. The longest open reading frame of the cDNAs isolated contains almost the entire coding region of the mature M-cadherin as determined by sequence homology to the known cadherins. M-cadherin mRNA is present at low levels in myoblasts and is upregulated in myotube-forming cells. In mouse L cells (fibroblasts), M-cadherin mRNA is undetectable. This expression pattern indicates that M-cadherin is part of the myogenic program and may provide a trigger for terminal muscle differentiation.
Improvements in skeletal muscle strength and cardiac function induced by resveratrol during exercise training contribute to enhanced exercise performance in rats (2012)

Exercise training (ET) improves endurance capacity by increasing both skeletal muscle mitochondrial number and function, as well as contributing to favourable cardiac remodelling.Interestingly, some of the benefits of regular exercise can also be mimicked by the naturally occurring polyphenol, resveratrol (RESV). However, it is not known whether RESV enhances physiological adaptations to ET. To investigate this, male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a control chow diet or a chow diet that contained RESV (4 g kg⁻¹ of diet) and subsequently subjected to a programme of progressive treadmill running for 12 weeks. ET-induced improvements in exercise performance were enhanced by 21% (P <0.001) by the addition of RESV to the diet. In soleus muscle, ET+RESV increased both the twitch (1.8-fold; P <0.05) and tetanic(1.2-fold; P <0.05) forces generated during isometric contraction, compared to ET alone. In vivo echocardiography demonstrated that ET+RESV also increased the resting left ventricular ejection fraction by 10% (P <0.05), and reduced left ventricular wall stress compared to ET alone.These functional changes were accompanied by increased cardiac fatty acid oxidation (1.2-fold;P <0.05) and favourable changes in cardiac gene expression and signal transduction pathways that optimized the utilization of fatty acids in ET+RESV compared to ET alone. Overall, our findings provide evidence that the capacity for fatty acid oxidation is augmented by the addition of RESV to the diet during ET, and that this may contribute to the improved physical performance of rats following ET.
Triethylene Diamine-Clay Complexes as Matrices for Adsorption and Catalytic Reactions (1976)

Abstract Complexes of 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (triethylene diamine) with smectite and vermiculite were made for the purpose of exposing the internal surfaces of the clays for adsorption of gases and possible catalytic activity. When the diprotonated form of the amine saturated the exchange sites, internal surfaces of the clays were found to be available to nitrogen, ethane, and 2,4-dimethyl pentane. Proton lability in the smectites was studied with NH 3 , D 2 O, and C 6 D 6 experiments. Catalytic function was demonstrated in the conversion of acetonitrile to acetamide in the smectite.
Polyglutamine- and Temperature-Dependent Conformational Rigidity in Mutant Huntingtin Revealed by Immunoassays and Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy (2014)

The temperature- and polyglutamine-dependent effects observed with TR-FRET on HTT proteins represent a simple, scalable, quantitative and sensitive assay to identify genetic and pharmacological modulators of mutant HTT conformation, and potentially to assess the relevance of conformational changes during onset and progression of Huntington's disease.
Rogue events and noise shaping in nonlinear silicon photonics (2013)

We revisit recent work on the generation of extreme optical events via nonlinear dynamics in silicon waveguides. The underlying processes, modulation instability and stimulated Raman scattering, are able to reshape normally distributed initial conditions into skewed output statistics whose properties can be tailored by controlling experimental variables. While these are both gain processes, they bear fundamental differences: modulation instability is a broadband parametric process, whereas stimulated Raman scattering is a narrowband inelastic process. As a result, they respond to different forms of input noise. Specifically, the extreme events generated spontaneously by modulation instability evidence a strong sensitivity to a particular input noise component. This sensitivity can be controllably seeded to generate coherent supercontinuum radiation, which also offers a means to alleviate conventional free-carrier limitations to chip-scale spectral broadening.
New Noninvasive Method for Assessment of Left Ventricular Rotation (2005)

The present study demonstrates that regional LV rotation and torsion can be measured accurately by STE, suggesting a new echocardiographic approach for quantification of LV systolic function.
Plasmin inhibition of platelet function and of arachidonic acid metabolism. (1985)

To study interactions between platelets and the fibrinolytic system, we examined the effects of human plasmin on human platelets washed by gel filtration. Plasmin concentrations that did not affect platelet shape change, release, or aggregation (less than 1.0 caseinolytic units [CU]/ml) caused a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of platelet aggregation in response to thrombin, ionophore A23187, and collagen. Complete loss of aggregation occurred at 0.1-0.5 CU/ml of plasmin. In a parallel dose-dependent manner, plasmin likewise inhibited thrombin, ionophore, and collagen-stimulated thromboxane B2 production. In contrast, neither aggregation nor thromboxane B2 formation induced by arachidonate was inhibited by plasmin pretreatment of the platelets. Plasmin blocked the thrombin-induced release of [3H]arachidonic acid from platelet membrane phospholipids and the thrombin-induced platelet oxygen burst. However, plasmin did not inhibit the arachidonate-induced oxygen burst. Inhibition of arachidonic acid release by plasmin was not mediated by increase in platelet cyclic AMP. These results suggest that plasmin inhibits platelet function, at least in part, by blocking the mobilization of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipid pools. The effects of plasmin on platelets may contribute to the hemostatic abnormalities seen in pathologic and pharmacologic fibrinolysis.