gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of different alkalis in the deinking process (1996)

The effect of deinking using various alkalis has been investigated. Magnesium oxide and ammonium hydroxide showed the same extent of ink removal as sodium hydroxide. The effect of sodium silicate varied with the different alkalis. Silicate free deinking was possible with some alkalis. Variations in the bleaching response of alkalis were observed at the pulping stage. However, due to the complexity of the system, these results were difficult to explain in relation to bleaching chemistry. Significant differences in the strength and optical properties of the pulps also occurred with different alkalis; these differences can be explained by the hydrolysing effect of the alkalis.
Synthesis of 4,7-indolequinones. The oxidative demethylation of 4,7-dimethoxyindoles with ceric ammonium nitrate. (1985)

The oxidative demethylation of 4, 7-dimethoxyindoles to the corresponding 4, 7-dihydroindole-4, 7-diones with ceric ammonium nitrate is described.
Expression of dominant-negative and mutant isoforms of the antileukemic transcription factor Ikaros in infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1999)

Ikaros, a zinc finger-containing DNA-binding protein, is required for normal lymphocyte development, and germline mutant mice that express only non-DNA binding dominant-negative "leukemogenic" Ikaros isoforms lacking critical N-terminal zinc fingers develop an aggressive form of lymphoblastic leukemia 3-6 months after birth. Therefore, we sought to determine whether molecular abnormalities involving the Ikaros gene could contribute to the development of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in infants. Primary leukemic cells were freshly obtained from 12 infants (<1 year of age) with newly diagnosed ALL. In leukemic cells from each of the 12 infants with ALL, we found high level expression of dominant-negative isoforms of Ikaros with abnormal subcellular compartmentalization patterns. PCR cloning and nucleotide sequencing were used to identify the specific Ikaros isoforms and detect Ikaros gene mutations in these cells. Leukemic cells from seven of seven infants with ALL, including five of five MLL-AF4(+) infants, expressed dominant-negative Ikaros isoforms Ik-4, Ik-7, and Ik-8 that lack critical N-terminal zinc fingers. In six of seven patients, we detected a specific mutation leading to an in-frame deletion of 10 amino acids (Delta KSSMPQKFLG) upstream of the transcription activation domain adjacent to the C-terminal zinc fingers of Ik-2, Ik-4, Ik-7, and Ik-8. In contrast, only wild-type Ik-1 and Ik-2 isoforms with normal nuclear localization were found in normal infant bone marrow cells and infant thymocytes. These results implicate the expression of dominant-negative Ikaros isoforms and the disruption of normal Ikaros function in the leukemogenesis of ALL in infants.
A survey of interestingness measures for knowledge discovery (2005)

It is a well-known fact that the data mining process can generate many hundreds and often thousands of patterns from data. The task for the data miner then becomes one of determining the most useful patterns from those that are trivial or are already well known to the organization. It is therefore necessary to filter out those patterns through the use of some measure of the patterns actual worth. This article presents a review of the available literature on the various measures devised for evaluating and ranking the discovered patterns produced by the data mining process. These so-called interestingness measures are generally divided into two categories: objective measures based on the statistical strengths or properties of the discovered patterns and subjective measures that are derived from the user's beliefs or expectations of their particular problem domain. We evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the various interestingness measures with respect to the level of user integration within the discovery process.
Lipids of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Incorporation of [14C]Acetate, [14C]Palmitate and [14C]Oleate into Different Lipids and Evidence for Lipid-Linked Desaturation of Fatty Acids (1989)

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, parent strain (ssf), was pulse-labelled with [ 14 C]acetate, [ 14 C]palmitate or [ 14 C]oleate. Lipids were separated by TLC and HPLC. Radioactivity was measured in each class of lipids and in its fatty acids and molecular species. After 1 hour of incubation with acetate, the label was incorporated mainly into phosphatidylglycerol (PG), diacylglyceryl(7V,Af,Af-trimethyl)homoserine (DGTS), digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG). Saturated, monoene and diene fatty acids were strongly labelled. Within 10 hours of incubation in the absence of labelled precursor, the label shifted from monoenes and dienes to trienes and tetraenes. The transfer of radioactivity from mono-to polyunsaturated MGDG and DGDG molecular species suggests a lipid-linked desaturation of the C-l position (and, in MGDG, also of the C-2 position) of these prokaryotic lipids. In the eukaryotic DGTS, all the species present were labelled simultaneously. On incubation with [ 14 C]palmitate or [ 14 C]oleate, most of the label appeared in DGTS. Palmitate was immediately incorporated into the polyene species of DGTS, while oleate first appeared in the monoene species and then shifted to the polyene species. From these results it is concluded that, in DGTS, the acyl groups in the C-l position (mostly 16:0) were rapidly exchanged, while those in the C-2 position (mostly Cj 8 ) became desaturated to give 18:3(5,9,12) and 18:4(5,9,12,15) acids.
Tumor-elicited polymorphonuclear cells, in contrast to "normal" circulating polymorphonuclear cells, stimulate invasive and metastatic potentials of rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells. (1989)

Circulating polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) levels rise in proportion to the metastatic potential of the tumor in 13762NF mammary adenocarcinoma tumor-bearing rats. These tumor-elicited PMNs (tcPMNs) secrete high levels of the basement-membrane-degrading enzymes, type IV collagenase and heparanase, suggesting that metastatic tumor cells stimulate neutrophilia so that the tcPMNs might assist tumor cell extravasation during metastasis. To test this hypothesis, purified proteose peptone-elicited PMNs from peritoneal exudate, circulating normal PMNs, and tcPMNs were evaluated for their effects on in vitro invasive and in vivo metastatic potentials of syngeneic 13762NF mammary adenocarcinoma tumor cells. tcPMNs caused a dose-dependent increase in invasion through a reconstituted basement membrane barrier in an in vitro invasion assay. At PMN:tumor cell ratios of 30:1, invasion potential significantly (P less than 0.05) rose to 26-fold, 40-fold, and 37-fold for poorly metastatic MTLn2 cells, highly metastatic MTLn3 cells, and moderately metastatic MTF7 cells, respectively. In contrast, purified proteose peptone-elicited PMNs and circulating normal PMNs did not significantly alter invasive potential. Intravenous coinjections of purified proteose peptone-elicited PMNs did not change the number of experimental lung metastases, but tcPMNs at ratios to 50:1 significantly raised the mean number of metastases 23-fold for MTLn2, 3- to 4-fold for MTLn3, and 1.6- to 1.8-fold for MTF7. These results demonstrate that tcPMNs contribute to the metastatic propensity of mammary adenocarcinoma clones by increasing efficiency of invasion through basement membrane.
DETERMINATION OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE OF POTTED PLANTS AND CUT FLOWERS BY MODULATED CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE (1991)

ISHS Hortifroid, V International Symposium on Postharvest Physiology of Ornamental Plants; Importance of Cold in Ornamental Horticulture DETERMINATION OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE OF POTTED PLANTS AND CUT FLOWERS BY MODULATED CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE
Effect of Aging on the Pluripotential Capacity of Human CD105+ Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2006)

Age does not influence the adipogenic and myogenic differentiation potential of human CD105(+) MSCs.
The Chemistry of Carbanions. IX. The Potassium and Lithium Enolates Derived from Cyclic Ketones<sup>1</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemistry of Carbanions. IX. The Potassium and Lithium Enolates Derived from Cyclic Ketones1Herbert O. House and Barry M. TrostCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 5, 1341–1348Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01016a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01016a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1742Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
BdlA, DipA and Induced Dispersion Contribute to Acute Virulence and Chronic Persistence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2014)

The human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is capable of causing both acute and chronic infections. Differences in virulence are attributable to the mode of growth: bacteria growing planktonically cause acute infections, while bacteria growing in matrix-enclosed aggregates known as biofilms are associated with chronic, persistent infections. While the contribution of the planktonic and biofilm modes of growth to virulence is now widely accepted, little is known about the role of dispersion in virulence, the active process by which biofilm bacteria switch back to the planktonic mode of growth. Here, we demonstrate that P. aeruginosa dispersed cells display a virulence phenotype distinct from those of planktonic and biofilm cells. While the highest activity of cytotoxic and degradative enzymes capable of breaking down polymeric matrix components was detected in supernatants of planktonic cells, the enzymatic activity of dispersed cell supernatants was similar to that of biofilm supernatants. Supernatants of non-dispersing ΔbdlA biofilms were characterized by a lack of many of the degradative activities. Expression of genes contributing to the virulence of P. aeruginosa was nearly 30-fold reduced in biofilm cells relative to planktonic cells. Gene expression analysis indicated dispersed cells, while dispersing from a biofilm and returning to the single cell lifestyle, to be distinct from both biofilm and planktonic cells, with virulence transcript levels being reduced up to 150-fold compared to planktonic cells. In contrast, virulence gene transcript levels were significantly increased in non-dispersing ΔbdlA and ΔdipA biofilms compared to wild-type planktonic cells. Despite this, bdlA and dipA inactivation, resulting in an inability to disperse in vitro, correlated with reduced pathogenicity and competitiveness in cross-phylum acute virulence models. In contrast, bdlA inactivation rendered P. aeruginosa more persistent upon chronic colonization of the murine lung, overall indicating that dispersion may contribute to both acute and chronic infections.
Empirical and modeled acoustic transfer functions in a simple room: effects of distance and direction (2002)

Empirical transfer functions were measured for a manikin head as a function of source position (relative to the listener) and listener position (relative to the room) for sources within a meter of the listener. Empirical results are compared to room simulations using a standard image-method model combined with anechoic, distance-dependent head-related transfer functions (HRTFs). Results suggest that the biggest discrepancies between measured and modeled impulse responses arise due to interactions of the head with the source, which cannot be ignored for sources this close to the listener. Results give insight into the importance of the acoustic effects of the head and room on the total signal reaching a listener and have implications for understanding spatial perception in rooms and developing realistic 3D spatial auditory displays.
An immunofluorescence microscopical study of the neurofilament triplet proteins, vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein within the adult rat brain. (1981)

A collection of antibodies specific to different intermediate filament proteins were applied to frozen sections of adult rat brains. The relative distribution of these proteins was then studied using double label immunofluorescence microscopy. Antibodies specific to each of the neurofilament "triplet" proteins (of approximate molecular weight 68 K, 145 K and 200 K) stained exclusively neuronal structures. The distribution of these three antigens was in general identical, except that certain neurofilament populations such as those in the dendrites and cell bodies of pyramidal cells of the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, contained relatively little if any 200 K protein. Some neurone populations, such as the granule cells of the cerebellar cortex, could not be visualized by neurofilament antibodies, indicating that neurofilaments may not be essential for function of all neurones in vitro. Antibodies to GFA and vimentin stained an entirely different population of processes, none of which stained with any of the neurofilament antibodies. Vimentin antibody stained sheath material around the brain, a monolayer of ependymal cell bodies lining the ventricles, fibrous material associated within the choroid plexus, the walls of blood vessels and capillaries, and the processes of cells in certain regions. GFA antibody stained a second layer of sheath material under the vimentin layer, and numerous processes visible throughout the brain. Some specific populations of GFA-positive processes proved to stain also with vimentin. These included the processes of Golgi "epithelial" cells (Bergmann glial fibres), those of certain astrocytes in bundles of myelinated fibers. In addition, some processes apparently derived from ependymal cells proved to stain for both vimentin and GFA, whilst other could only be reliably visualized by vimentin alone. These results are discussed in terms of the previously described morphological characteristics of the various cell types of the brain.
Treatment of Early AIDS Dementia in Intravenous Drug Users: High Versus Low Dose Peptide T (1997)

This placebo-controlled, double blind, cross-over study tested the efficacy of two different doses of Peptide T in the treatment of nine intravenous drug users with early AIDS dementia who were also receiving methadone and AZT. Subjects received Peptide T doses of either 15 or 1.5 mg daily for four weeks. Neuropsychological performance improved in four of five patients treated with the high dose, but at the lower dose, three of four patients showed no improvement on Peptide T when compared with placebo. When subjects who received the high dose were compared with those who received the low dose, a significant dose effect was found only during the active phase of the trial even after correction for differences in level of functioning at baseline.
Biomolecular modification of implant surfaces (2007)

In this review, surface modification of implant devices by immobilization of biological molecules is discussed. A brief introduction to the development of biomolecular surface science is presented, followed by a review of current activities in selected fields. Bone-contacting devices and some cardiovascular implant devices are reviewed as paradigmatic examples of research that is currently taking place. Advances in the basic fields of cell and tissue biology, in addition to concurrent developments in surface science tools, suggest that 'peri-implant biologics', or the control and direction of the host response at the implant-tissue interface by implant-surface-linked biomolecules, could be a major area of growth in the medical devices field in the next few years.
Application of Mid‐Infrared Spectroscopy in Soil Survey (2019)

Development of more efficient (rapid) and cost‐effective methodologies are needed in soil survey to meet the demand for quantitative data in digital soil mapping and updates. The objective of this study was to pilot the application of mid‐infrared (MIR)‐diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) coupled with partial least squares regression (PLSR) in a soil survey field office where soil samples are processed, MIR spectra are acquired, and predictions are obtained using calibration models developed and validated from the Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory spectral library. Mid‐infrared models were built for total C, organic C, CaCO 3 equivalent, total clay, cation exchange capacity, 1500 kPa water, and pH in water and CaCl 2 for Mollisols of the central United States. Validation results (from the MIR library) using Lin's concordance correlation (r c ) of measured versus predicted values showed that most properties predicted very well (r c = 0.967–0.996), whereas models for total clay in B horizons and 1500 kPa water in B horizons predicted fairly well (r c = 0.844–0.955). Models for pH predicted the least well (r c = 0.750–0.921). The MIR‐DRS coupled with PLSR was successful in predicting soil properties for completely independent samples that were collected, processed, and MIR scanned in a soil survey field office. Predicted results using r c ranged from 0.697 to 0.992, with pH in water having the lowest r c and CaCO 3 having the highest r c . All properties except pH had an acceptable level of accuracy for use in soil survey and a marginal level of acceptable accuracy for total clay. Direct calibration transfer was feasible.
Redirection of B cell responsiveness by transforming growth factor β receptor (2003)

The multifunctional transforming growth factor beta receptor (TbetaR) ligand pair plays a central role in the regulation of lymphocyte homeostasis and prevention of autoimmunity. Although the mechanisms underlying the induction of transcriptional modulators by TbetaR have been studied in considerable detail, relatively little is known about the regulatory pathways targeted. To shed light on the mechanisms involved in negative regulation of B cell responses we identified TbetaR-dependent transcriptome changes by comparative gene expression profiling of normal and TbetaR-deficient primary B cells. The data reveal TbetaR-mediated induction of inhibitors of antigen receptor signaling (Ship-1, CD72) as well as inhibitors of the Jak/Stat pathway and signaling by means of Toll-like receptors (SOCS1,3). These inhibitory effects are complemented by induction of antiproliferative transcription factors. In contrast to this inhibition, G protein-coupled receptors such as CXCR4 and agonists mediating Ca2+ flux (inositol trisphosphate receptor subtype 2) are induced by TbetaR, indicating enhancement of the Ca2+ storage/ release system and chemotactic responses. Suppression of proapoptotic genes suggests support of cell survival. Confirming the shift in B cell responsiveness, antigen-receptor-mediated activation of Syk and phospholipase C-gamma2, as well as Stat6 phosphorylation, is inhibited, whereas chemotaxis, Ca2+ release, and cell survival are enhanced in transforming growth factor-beta-sensitive B cells. The data provide a molecular basis for TbetaR-mediated inhibition of B cell responsiveness and indicate that TbetaR maintains homeostasis not only through inhibition of the cell cycle but also by delivering a coherent instructive signal that redirects responsiveness to microenvironmental cues.
Ethanol production by enzymatic hydrolysis: parametric analysis of a base-case process (1984)

A base-case flowsheet for an enzymatic hydrolysis process is presented. Included is a parametric sensitivity analysis to identify key research issues and an assessment of this technology. The plant discussed is a large-scale facility, producing 50 million gallons of ethanol per year. The plant design is based on the process originally conceived by the US National Army Command and consists of these process steps: pretreatment; enzyme production; enzyme hydrolysis; fermentation; and distillation. The base-case design parameters are based on recent laboratory data from Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories and the University of California at Berkeley. The selling price of ethanol is used to compare variations in the base-case operating parameters, which include hydrolysis efficiencies, capital costs, enzyme production efficiencies, and enzyme recycle. 28 references, 38 figures, 8 tables.
The augmented video wall (2013)

The Augmented Video Wall is a compelling showcase application demonstrating a novel collocated interaction technique for public displays beyond traditional competitive or collaborative multi-user scenarios. By utilizing means of augmented reality on personal mobile devices and applying animated video overlays accurately superimposed upon the public display, we create the illusion of literally private views to a shared public display. Besides this concurrent viewing mode, the demonstrator features a competitive mode and a concurrent mode enhanced with social features to highlight the characteristics of this novel display interaction techniques. During a first preliminary study, the Augmented Video Wall attracted lots of visitors and created highly entertaining experiences for groups.
Biofeedback in rehabilitation: a review of principles and practices. (1981)

Modern biofeedback is the technique of using electronic equipment to reveal instantaneously to patients and therapists certain physiologic events and to teach the patients to control these otherwise involuntary events by manipulating the displayed signals (usually visual and/or acoustic). Diagnostic EMG and research on the fine control of motor units led to clinical EMG biofeedback. In rehabilitation it has gained a firm place in the treatment of upper motor neuron lesions, particularly in retraining muscles and inducing relaxation of spastic muscles of stroke patients. In cerebral palsy and musculoskeletal disturbances, additional feedback transducers (electrogoniometers, pressure-sensitive and position-sensing devices) are gaining wider use. Spasmodic torticollis has proved to be particularly suitable for behavioral methods of treatment including EMG feedback.
Smart intersection control algorithms for automated vehicles (2017)

The pace at which autonomous vehicle technology is reaching consumers is accelerating. Furthermore, the future driverless cars are intended to be talkative with regard to exchanging information with other vehicles, infrastructure, or even cloud. More recent attention has focused on the provision of frameworks to take advantage of automated and connected vehicle technology. This study proposes a system design to allow safe and efficient traffic of both automated/connected and conventional vehicles approaching an isolated intersection. The benefit mainly comes from the ability of automated/connected vehicles to maintain shorter and more stable headways to the vehicle in ahead compared to conventional vehicles. Simulation experiments are conducted to gain insight into the influence of flow and automated vehicle ratio over the performance of intersection.