gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on Lead Acid Battery and Ultra-capacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Hybrid City Bus (2010)

Electrochemical energy storage, especially lead acid system alone seems not to be able to meet the demand of the hybrid vehicle propulsion system due to the power density and cycle life. Ultra-capacitor pack has been introduced in the design of energy storage system to the HEV power-train, which is often combined with battery packs to form a hybrid energy system. In these kind of applications, ultra-capacitor could either be paralleled directly with battery pack or connected with battery pack through a active energy converter like DC/DC. This paper describes two kinds of hybridization of the energy storage system with ultra-capacitor and lead acid battery. By founding the model of each component in the hybrid system and with the simulation, the power enhancement and life extension of the hybrid system compared to the pure lead acid system is analyzed. Testing results show that no matter what kind of hybridization the system is, power is enhanced with a factor β, and due to the power enhancement, current demand to the battery system is lowered, which extend the batteries' cycle life.
Instructional Designer Awareness and Application of Strategies to Manage Cognitive Load (2018)

This study examined how practicing instructional designers manage cognitive load in a standardized scenario as they select and implement instructional strategies, message design, content sequencing, and delivery media within various domains with learners at different levels of expertise. The study employed a quasi-experimental, mixed methods design to gain insight into how practicing instructional designers perceive their awareness of strategies to manage cognitive load and implement those strategies within a standardized design scenario. The research design involved the collection of quantitative data from the participants during an initial web-based questionnaire and a second collection of both quantitative and qualitative data as the participants completed a design activity using a think-aloud protocol. The triangulation of data through observation of activity and debriefing interviews was used to clarify data gathered through the protocol. The results of the study indicated that both novice and expert practitioners frequently used several strategies to manage extraneous load (worked examples, completion tasks, and dual modality) as prescribed by theory, as well as the simple-to-complex presentation strategy to manage intrinsic load. They also exhibited a moderate use of the variability strategy to manage germane load as recommended by theory, but overall use of strategies to address germane load was infrequent across all participants. While participants frequently acknowledged differences in the levels of learner expertise within the instructional scenario, few employed strategies prescribed to address the expertise reversal effect as outlined by theory. Participants described a number of barriers preventing them from using additional strategies to manage cognitive load, ranging from those common to all instructional strategies (such as time constraints and lack of formative evaluation) to those specific to cognitive load strategies (such as lack of instructor buy-in regarding cognitive load and the extra design effort to create worked examples).
Tuberculose resistente: revisão molecular (2002)

Progress to understanding the basis of resistance to antituberculous drugs has allowed molecular tests for detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis to be developed. Drug-resistant tuberculosis poses a threat to tuberculosis control programs. It is necessary thus to know drug susceptibilities of individual patient's strain to provide the appropriate drug combinations. Molecular studies on the mechanism of action of antituberculous drugs have elucidated the genetic basis of drug resistance in M. tuberculosis. The mechanisms of drug resistance in tuberculosis are a result of chromosomal mutations in different genes of the bacteria. Upon drug exposure there is a selective pressure for such resistant mutants. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is a health problem of increasing significance for the whole global community. This paper reviews the molecular mechanisms associated with drug-resistance as well the new perspectives for detecting resistant isolates.
Performance tests for the measurement of pH with glass electrodes in low ionic strength solutions including natural waters (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPerformance tests for the measurement of pH with glass electrodes in low ionic strength solutions including natural watersWilliam. Davison and Colin. WoofCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 13, 2567–2570Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00290a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00290a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views366Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<i>Medicago truncatula</i> CYP716A12 Is a Multifunctional Oxidase Involved in the Biosynthesis of Hemolytic Saponins (2011)

Saponins, a group of glycosidic compounds present in several plant species, have aglycone moieties that are formed using triterpenoid or steroidal skeletons. In spite of their importance as antimicrobial compounds and their possible benefits for human health, knowledge of the genetic control of saponin biosynthesis is still poorly understood. In the Medicago genus, the hemolytic activity of saponins is related to the nature of their aglycone moieties. We have identified a cytochrome P450 gene (CYP716A12) involved in saponin synthesis in Medicago truncatula using a combined genetic and biochemical approach. Genetic loss-of-function analysis and complementation studies showed that CYP716A12 is responsible for an early step in the saponin biosynthetic pathway. Mutants in CYP716A12 were unable to produce hemolytic saponins and only synthetized soyasaponins, and were thus named lacking hemolytic activity (lha). In vitro enzymatic activity assays indicate that CYP716A12 catalyzes the oxidation of β-amyrin and erythrodiol at the C-28 position, yielding oleanolic acid. Transcriptome changes in the lha mutant showed a modulation in the main steps of triterpenic saponin biosynthetic pathway: squalene cyclization, β-amyrin oxidation, and glycosylation. The analysis of CYP716A12 expression in planta is reported together with the sapogenin content in different tissues and stages. This article provides evidence for CYP716A12 being a key gene in hemolytic saponin biosynthesis.
Saliva of the Yellow Fever mosquito, <i>Aedes aegypti</i>, modulates murine lymphocyte function (2004)

Saliva of many vector arthropods contains factors that inhibit haemostatic responses in their vertebrate hosts. Less is known about the effect of vector saliva on host immune responses. We investigated the effect of Aedes aegypti salivary gland extracts on antigen-stimulated responses of transgenic OVA-TCR DO11 mouse splenocytes in vitro. T-cell proliferation was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, with greater than 50% inhibition at 0.3 salivary gland pair (SGP) equivalents/mL. LPS-stimulated B-cell proliferation was also inhibited. Secretion of the Th1 cytokines IL-2 and IFN-gamma was reduced by 50% or more with 0.45-0.6 SGP/mL, as was secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines GM-CSF and TNF-alpha, and the Th2 cytokine IL-5. The Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 were similarly reduced with 0.6-2 SGP/mL. Inhibition of lymphocyte function involved modulation of viable T-cells at low salivary gland extract (SGE) concentrations, and decreased viability at higher concentrations. Dendritic cells were not killed by salivary gland extracts at concentrations as high as 25 salivary gland pairs/mL, but secretion of IL-12 was inhibited by 87% following exposure to 0.6 SGP/mL. Activity is present in saliva and extracts of female but not male salivary glands, and it is depleted from salivary glands of blood-fed mosquitoes. The activity is denatured by boiling and by digestion with the protease papain, indicating a protein; gel filtration HPLC indicates a mass of about 387 kDa. These results suggest that A. aegypti saliva exerts a marked immunomodulatory influence on the environment at the bite site.
Novel membrane inlet mass spectrometric methods for analysis of organic compounds in aqueous and solid samples (2002)

Different volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are widely used in industry and due to accidents and fuel emissions the compounds can be discharged into the environment, causing contamination of soil and groundwater. Because of their toxicity the analysis of VOCs is very important. The traditional analytical methods for VOCs, such as static and dynamic headspace gas chromatographymass spectrometry, are time consuming and difficult to apply in on-line analysis or even on-site analysis. For this reason, a purge-and-membrane mass spectrometric (PAM) method was developed for analysis of VOCs in solid samples. Two versions of PAM-devices are introduced in this study. The characteristics of the method, such as linear dynamic ranges (at least five orders of magnitude), detection limits and repeatability, are presented. The detection limits varied between 5 and 150 μg/kg depending on compounds and soil type, and the repeatability was good when an internal standard was used (RSD < 14%). The effects of soil parameters such as humidity and the content of organics on desorption were studied. Both soil type and moisture content had an effect on peak areas. In addition, moisture content had an inversely proportional effect on desorption times in the case of garden soil. Furthermore, the effects of PAM-parameters such as the preheating time and temperature are presented in detail. Even a preheating time of only ten minutes was suitable for analysis. The use of different purge gases was studied. In addition, an application of the analysis of VOCs in pharmaceuticals is presented. Some preliminary tests for water analysis with PAM were carried out. The results obtained with the PAMmethod for soil samples were compared with those of static headspace gas chromatography. Both spiked and authentic soil samples were used in analysis and two different laboratories took part in the testing. The agreement between testing methods and laboratories was good. The results show that the new PAMMS method is very promising for the determination of volatile organic
<sup>1</sup>H nuclear magnetic resonance study of the solution conformation of an antibacterial protein, sapecin (1990)

The solution conformation of an antibacterial protein sapecin has been determined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and dynamical simulated annealing calculations. It has been shown that the polypeptide fold consists of one flexible loop (residues 4-12), one helix (residues 15-23), and two extended strands (residues 24-31 and 34-40). It was found that the tertiary structure of sapecin is completely different from that of rabbit neutrophil defensin NP-5, which is homologous to sapecin in the amino acid sequences and also has the antibacterial activity. The three-dimensional structure determination has revealed that a basic-residue rich region and the hydrophobic surface face each other on the surface of sapecin.
Characterization of a Lignified Secondary Phloem Fibre-deficient Mutant of Jute (Corchorus capsularis) (2004)

In view of the observations made, the mutant is designated as deficient lignified phloem fibre (dlpf). This mutant may be utilized to engineer low-lignin jute fibre strains and may also serve as a model to study the positional information that coordinates secondary wall thickening of fibre cells.
Integrating SciSPARQL and MATLAB (2014)

Nowadays many scientific experiment results involve multi-dimensional arrays. It is desirable to store these results in a persistent way and make queries against not only well-structured data objects like arrays but also the metadata that describe the experiments. SPARQL is a Semantic Web standard query language for data and metadata stored in terms of RDF. SciSPARQL is an extended version of SPARQL designed for scientific applications. It includes numeric multi-dimensional array operations and user-defined functions. The SciSPARQL Database Manager (SSDM) is a query processing engine for SciSPARQL. MATLAB is a popular and powerful scientific computing application programming language. We implemented an interface between MATLAB and SciSPARQL called MATLAB SciSPARQL Link (MSL). MSL provides SciSPARQL queries in MATLAB through a client/server interface. It optionally also provides an interface to enable calls to MATLAB in SciSPARQL queries. With MSL MATLAB users can populate, update, and query SSDM databases it in terms of SciSPARQL queries. For the implementation we use C interfaces of MATLAB and SSDM, and the networking capabilities of SSDM. The DLL we made extends MATLAB with MSL interface functions.
One severe and one fatal case of tetanus in England (2002)

Two cases of severe tetanus in women aged 61 years with histories of incomplete vaccination were notified in April in England (1). They were the first cases reported this year in the country. The first patient developed symptoms eight days after a head injury sustained from a fall down the stairs. Neither tetanus toxoid nor immunoglobulin were given at the time of her injury, which required stitches.
Influenza A (H<sub>1</sub>N<sub>1</sub>) Antiviral and Cytotoxic Agents from <i>Ferula assa-foetida</i> (2009)

Two new sesquiterpene coumarins, designated 5'-acetoxy-8'-hydroxyumbelliprenin (1) and 10'R-acetoxy-11'-hydroxyumbelliprenin (2), and a new diterpene, 15-hydroxy-6-en-dehydroabietic acid (3), along with 27 known compounds, were isolated from a CHCl(3)-soluble extract of Ferula assa-foetida through bioassay-guided fractionation. The structures of the new metabolites 1-3 were identified by spectroscopic data interpretation and by the Mosher ester method. Compounds 4 and 6-13 showed greater potency against influenza A virus (H(1)N(1)) (IC(50) 0.26-0.86 microg/mL) than amantadine (IC(50) 0.92 microg/mL), and 11 exhibited the best potency (IC(50) 0.51, 2.6, and 3.4 microg/mL) of these compounds against the HepG2, Hep3B, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, respectively.
4E-6 Thermal Effect of Surface Acoustic Waves in Quartz Substrates Covered by a Metal Layer (2007)

Thermal property of surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators is always of interests to product design and applications with the objective of accurate prediction of device performance. Theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out for the prediction of the thermal effect of piezoelectric substrates undergoing temperature change and structural complications frequently encountered in acoustic wave resonators like the presence of metal electrodes. The analysis is usually done with experimental data for the frequency-temperature relation with improved analytical models for the consideration of electrodes. In this study, we employee the incremental thermal field theory and accompanying material constants for quartz crystals, which were intended for the bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators analysis, to the analysis of an ideal model of SAW resonators. By taking into account the material constant dependence on temperature through the cubic relation and thermal effects on strains and equations of motion, SAW propagating in quartz crystals is formulated with the incremental thermal field theory. Our calculation of the velocity-temperature relation of quartz crystal substrates is an improvement of earlier predictions.
Faster approximation algorithms for packing and covering problems (2004)

We adapt a method proposed by Nesterov [19] to design an algorithm that computes &amp;epsilon;-optimal solutions to fractional packing problems by solving O*(&amp;epsilon;^-1 &amp;radic;(Kn)) separable convex quadratic programs, where K is the maximum number of non-zeros per row and n is the number of variables. We also show that the quadratic program can be approximated to any degree of accuracy by an appropriately defined piecewise-linear program. For the special case of the maximum concurrent flow problem on a graph G = (V, E) with rational capacities and demands we obtain an algorithm that computes an &amp;epsilon;-optimal flow by solving shortest path problems -- the number of shortest paths computed grows as O(&amp;epsilon;^-1 log(1/&amp;epsilon;)) in &amp;epsilon;, and polynomially in the size of the problem. In contrast, previous algorithms required &amp;Omega;(&amp;epsilon;^-2) iterations. We also describe extensions to other problems, such as the maximum multicommodity flow problem and covering problems.
Lasso peptides from proteobacteria: Genome mining employing heterologous expression and mass spectrometry (2013)

Lasso peptides are natural products with a unique three dimensional structure resembling a lariat knot. They are from ribosomal origin and are post-translationally modified by two enzymes (B and C), one of which shares little similarity to enzymes outside of lasso peptide biosynthetic gene clusters and as such is a useful target for genome mining. In this study, we demonstrate a B protein-centric genome mining approach through which we were able to identify 102 putative lasso peptide biosynthetic gene clusters from a total of 87 different proteobacterial strains. Ten of these clusters were cloned into the pET41a expression vector, optimized through incorporation of a ribosomal binding site and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). All 12 predicted lasso peptides (namely burhizin, caulonodin I, caulonodin II, caulonodin III, rhodanodin, rubrivinodin, sphingonodin I, sphingonodin II, syanodin I, sphingopyxin I, sphingopyxin II, and zucinodin) were detected by high-resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry and their proposed primary structure was confirmed through tandem mass spectrometry. High yields (ranging from 0.4 to 5.2 mg/L) were observable for eight of these compounds, while thermostability assays revealed five new representatives of heat labile lasso peptides.
Serum Biomarkers Predictive of Pre-Eclampsia (2015)

Developed panels of serum biomarkers appeared effective in identifying pregnant women at 12-14 weeks gestation at risk of PE later in their pregnancy.
The development of a street lighting fault monitoring device (1991)

The circuit module was initially conceived to contain five elements namely: a sensing device to register the presence or absence of the electrical circuit characteristics; a module to contain a unique resident address code to identify the lighting unit from others in the area; a module to compare the received address with the resident address; a module to convert data from serial input to parallel use in the monitor and then returned to serial data for outward transmission; and a transmit/receiver radio module.
Panel on cost-effectiveness in health and medicine. (1996)

As the content of Dr. Weinstein's presentation is being published elsewhere (by prior agreement), thefollowing is a summary of the Panel's mission and activities written by the Project Director Readers who wish to know more about the Panel's deliberations and conclusions are directed to the full publication: Gold MR, Siegel JE, Russel LB, Weinstein MC, eds. Cost-effectiveness in health and medicine. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
Folate action in nervous system development and disease (2018)

The vitamin folic acid has been recognized as a crucial environmental factor for nervous system development. From the early fetal stages of the formation of the presumptive spinal cord and brain to the maturation and maintenance of the nervous system during infancy and childhood, folate levels and its supplementation have been considered influential in the clinical outcome of infants and children affected by neurological diseases. Despite the vast epidemiological information recorded on folate function and neural tube defects, neural development and neurodegenerative diseases, the mechanisms of folate action in the developing neural tissue have remained elusive. Here we compiled studies that argue for a unique role for folate in nervous system development and function and its consequences to neural disease and repair. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 78: 391-402, 2018.
A High Quality Factor Carbon Nanotube Mechanical Resonator at 39 GHz (2011)

We measure the mechanical resonances of an as-grown suspended carbon nanotube, detected via electrical mixing in the device. A sequence of modes extending to 39 GHz is observed with a quality factor of 35,000 in the highest mode. This unprecedentedly high combination corresponds to a thermal excited state probability below 10(-8) and a relaxation time of 140 ns with microsecond relaxation times for lower modes. The effect of electron tunneling on the mechanical resonance is found to depend on frequency as the tunneling time becomes comparable to the vibration period.
Acetoacetate coenzyme A transferase activity in rat hepatomas. (1975)

The presence of succinyl-coenzyme A:acetoacetate CoA transferase (CoA transferase) (EC 2.8.3.5), an initiator of ketone body utilization in nonhepatic tissue, was examined in liver from normal, partly hepatectomized, neonatal, and tumor-bearing rats, as well as in a series of transplantable rat hepatomas ranging widely in growth rate. While levels of CoA transferase are extremely low in normal, host, and regenerating liver, considerable amounts of activity are detectable in neonatal liver and in the hepatomas. In fact, the content of CoA transferase in the series of Morris hepatomas increases progressively with increase in tumor-growth rate. The fastest-growing tumor studied (7288Ctc) contains about the same amount of CoA transferase activity as rat skeletal muscle (i.e., an activity of about 0.1 mumole of acetoacetate used per min per g tissue). These results clearly indicate that the faster-growing hepatomas have adequate capacity to utilize ketone bodies in bioenergetic or biosynthetic activities. Furthermore, the enzymes from normal and hepatoma 7288Ctc tissues are quite similar with respect to (a) size of about 10(5) daltons, (b) reaction mechanism requiring formation of an enzyme:CoA intermediate (from ping-pong kinetic data), and (c) various kinetic parameters (such as Michaelis constants, product competitive inhibition constants, and acetoacetate substrate inhibition). The enzymes from rat skeletal muscle and Morris hepatoma 7288Ctc have the same isoelectric point (7.6), which differs from that for the rat heart enzyme (6.8).