gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Near-Field Millimeter-Wave Probes for Detecting Corrosion Precursor Pitting Under Paint (2005)

Aircraft structural components such as wings and fuselages are constantly exposed to harsh environments, which make them susceptible to corrosion initiation and growth. To complicate matters, corrosion is normally hidden under paint and primer and cannot be visually detected until significant corrosion has occurred, causing the paint to blister. Corrosion of this type is usually preceded by the presence of corrosion precursor pitting. Hence, early detection of pitting is a critical issue in the maintenance of an aircraft and its structural components. Near-field microwave nondestructive testing techniques have been successfully used for detection of corrosion under paint, including very small laser machined pits. However, it is desirable to improve the spatial resolution associated with these techniques so that pits with dimensions in the range of a few hundreds of micrometers can be effectively detected. In this paper, a comparison between several different millimeter-wave open-ended rectangular waveguide-based probes is made for the detection and evaluation of corrosion precursor pitting at Ka-band (26.5-40 GHz) and V-band (50-75 GHz). A number of laser machined pits with dimensions varying between 150 to 500 /spl mu/m were produced for this investigation. Using these probes, millimeter-wave images of these pits were produced, indicating that the modified open-ended rectangular waveguide probes, namely, single and double tapered and dielectric slab-loaded waveguide probes, were successful in detecting small pits. The results of this investigation, along with a complete discussion of the results, are presented.
Transcriptome changes in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in response to high night temperature stress at the early milky stage (2015)

Using Illumina sequencing technology, the differences between the transcriptomes of heat-tolerant and -sensitive rice lines in response to high night temperature stress at the early milky stage was described here for the first time. The candidate transcripts may provide genetic resources that may be useful in the improvement of heat-tolerant characters of rice. The model proposed here is based on differences in expression and transcription between two rice lines. In addition, the model may support future studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying plant responses to high night temperatures.
Selective Killing of a Single Cancerous T24 Cell with TiO2 Semiconducting Microelectrode under Irradiation (1995)

Abstract A titanium dioxide (TiO2) microelectrode has been applied for selective photo-killing of a single cancerous T24 cell. The anodically polarized TiO2 microelectrode effectively inactivated the T24 cell while in contact and under UV light irradiation; however, the cell was not killed when the microelectrode was located 10 μm away from the cell surface. Based on these results we concluded that the photogenerated holes and/or active oxygen species with short diffusion length are responsible for the cell death process.
Bandwidth-enhancing of microstrip antenna with a couple of TM/sub 10/ modes (2005)

A combination of bandwidth-enhancing and size-reducing techniques is used to design a bandwidth-enhancing, low profile, compact, microstrip antenna. By using loading and inset slots on the patch, a couple of TM/sub 10/ modes are excited simultaneously at frequencies very close to each other with good impedance matching. Simulation results using Ansoft HFSS confirm the dual mode operation. The antenna has the same polarization planes and similar radiation patterns at the two resonant frequencies, and the cross-polarization is significantly higher than that of the simple microstrip antenna. The high cross-polarization is suitable for wireless communication applications in a multipath environment. Due to the slot loading, the antenna size is also reduced.
Interleukin‐6: A Cytokine for Gerontolgists (1993)

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that presumably plays its major role as a mediator of several of the acute phase inflammatory responses. These include inflammatory cell and lymphocyte activation and hepatocellular stimulation of acute phase protein synthesis. IL-6 expression is normally low, and serum levels are usually non-detectable in the absence of inflammation. However, with advancing age, serum levels become detectable, and it is proposed that this reflects an age-associated loss in the normal regulation of gene expression for this molecule. The cause of this is most likely multi-factorial, but there is evidence that it relates to an age-associated loss of T cell immunoregulatory functions as well as menopausal loss of estrogen. In any event, the "inappropriate" presence of IL-6 results in many changes typical of chronic inflammation. There is also speculation that IL-6 may contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases of late-life including lymphoma, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease. In this review the biology of this important cytokine is presented and its relevance to gerontology is highlighted.
An Effective Grouping Method for Unstructured Data Based on Swift (2018)

Unstructured data is one of the most prominent buzzwords of this era, and from the business to the personal computer, unstructured data is ubiquitous and growing exponentially, managing these data and improving the access performance of these unstructured data is Critical. This paper is based on Swift which is the object storage service of open source cloud computing platform OpenStack, with the help of object storage framework, the use of grouping-based machine learning technology and the corresponding prefetching cache strategy to improve the access performance of unstructured data. Experimentally verify the performance improvement of the proposed method with respect to memory consumption, cache hit ratio, and latency of requests. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the cache consumption and request delay time and can greatly improve the cache hit rate.
Age-Associated TET2 Mutations: Common Drivers of Myeloid Dysfunction, Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease (2020)

Acquired, inactivating mutations in Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (<i>TET2</i>) are detected in peripheral blood cells of a remarkable 5%-10% of adults greater than 65 years of age. They impart a hematopoietic stem cell advantage and resultant clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) with skewed myelomonocytic differentiation. CHIP is associated with an overall increased risk of transformation to a hematological malignancy, especially myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic neoplasms (MPN, MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), of approximately 0.5% to 1% per year. However, it is becoming increasingly possible to identify individuals at greatest risk, based on CHIP mutational characteristics. CHIP, and particularly <i>TET2</i>-mutant CHIP, is also a novel, significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, related in part to hyper-inflammatory, progeny macrophages carrying <i>TET2</i> mutations. Therefore, somatic <i>TET2</i> mutations contribute to myeloid expansion and innate immune dysregulation with age and contribute to prevalent diseases in the developed world-cancer and cardiovascular disease. Herein, we describe the impact of detecting <i>TET2</i> mutations in the clinical setting. We also present the rationale and promise for targeting <i>TET2</i>-mutant and other CHIP clones, and their inflammatory environment, as potential means of lessening risk of myeloid cancer development and dampening CHIP-comorbid inflammatory diseases.
An individual welfare maximization algorithm for electricity markets (2002)

An algorithm that allows a market participant to maximize its individual welfare in electricity spot markets is presented. The use of the algorithm in determining market equilibrium points, called Nash equilibria, is demonstrated. The start of the algorithm is a spot market model that uses the optimal power flow (OPF), with a full representation of the transmission system and inclusion of consumer bidding. The algorithm utilizes price and dispatch sensitivities, available from the Hessian matrix and gradient of the OPF, to help determine an optimal change in an individual's bid. The algorithm is shown to be successful in determining local welfare maxima, and the prospects for scaling the algorithm up to realistically sized systems are very good. Nash equilibria are investigated assuming all participants attempt to maximize their individual welfare. This is done by iteratively solving the individual welfare maximization algorithm until all individuals stop modifying their bids.
Use of Doppler and Doppler Rate for RF Geolocation Using a Single LEO Satellite (2020)

A passive radio frequency (RF) geolocation solution is provided that uses a single low earth orbit (LEO) satellite to find an uncooperative earth-bound emitter. For the first time, an unambiguous solution is available for real-time, single-pass, and time-constrained acquisition scenarios where single transmissions are expected. The geolocation algorithm rapidly maps Doppler and Doppler rate measurements to an RF emitter location. Corresponding theoretic performance bounds are provided for mission analysis and optimality comparison. The proposed algorithm is a variant of the constrained Unscented Kalman Filter (cUKF), chosen for computational efficiency, modeling abilities, and ease of constraint incorporation. A novel, low-computation method of sigma point projection upon the surface of the earth is derived that drastically improves search area capabilities and convergence rates. The theoretical performance bound is in the form of the recursive constrained Posterior Cramér-Rao Bound (rcPCRB), which is uniquely suited to gauge the mean squared error optimality of iterative nonlinear estimation algorithms. Numerical analysis over measurement noise, center frequency, slant angle, and initialization error exhibit the algorithm's robustness over various mission types. The performance of the cUKF is demonstrated on raw IQ data acquired from the TDS-1 satellite operated by Surrey Satellites.
Simultaneous gates in frequency-crowded multilevel systems using fast, robust, analytic control shapes (2016)

We present a few-parameter ansatz for pulses to implement a broad set of simultaneous single-qubit rotations in frequency-crowded multilevel systems. Specifically, we consider a system of two qutrits whose working and leakage transitions suffer from spectral crowding (detuned by $\ensuremath{\delta}$). In order to achieve precise controllability, we make use of two driving fields (each having two quadratures) at two different tones to simultaneously apply arbitrary combinations of rotations about axes in the $X\ensuremath{-}Y$ plane to both qubits. Expanding the waveforms in terms of Hanning windows, we show how analytic pulses containing smooth and composite-pulse features can easily achieve gate errors less than ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ and considerably outperform known adiabatic techniques. Moreover, we find a generalization of the WAHWAH (Weak AnHarmonicity With Average Hamiltonian) method by Schutjens et al. [R. Schutjens, F. A. Dagga, D. J. Egger, and F. K. Wilhelm, Phys. Rev. A 88, 052330 (2013)] that allows precise separate single-qubit rotations for all gate times beyond a quantum speed limit. We find in all cases a quantum speed limit slightly below $2\ensuremath{\pi}/\ensuremath{\delta}$ for the gate time and show that our pulses are robust against variations in system parameters and filtering due to transfer functions, making them suitable for experimental implementations.
Artificial Dendritic Cells Algorithm for Online Break-In Fraud Detection (2009)

An Artificial Immune System based on Dendritic Cells is recently established and has been applied in a number of applications in computer security. The main goal of this paper is to apply Dendritic Cells Algorithm to detect the online break-in fraud for an Online Video on Demand System. Sensitivity analysis for parameters gave different versions of DCA, including different DCs, antigen multiplier, antigen receptors, and migration threshold are presented in the paper. The results not only suggest the DCA is applicable to fraud detection, but also when compared with NSA, DCA shown compromising accuracy with high detection rate, low false alarm and handle high dimensional data set better.
Electromagnetically Confined Weld-based Additive Manufacturing (2013)

Abstract Due to the cost advantage, weld-based Additive Manufacturing (AM) is suitable for directly fabricating large metallic parts. One of challenges for weld-based Additive M anufacturing is to build overhanging structure or tilt structure at a large slant angle, because liquid metal on the boundary would flow down by gravity due to lack of sufficient support. In the present work, electromagnetically confined weld-based Additive Manufacturing is develop ed to solve this problem. In the process, liquid metal is confined and semi-levitated by the Lorentz force exerted by magnetic field and thus the flow of liquid metal is restricted. Experiments and numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effect mechanism of electromagnetic confinement. Experimental results verify that the flow-down or collapse of liquid metal is impeded by electromagnetic confinement. With specific welding parameters, the maximum tilt angle of successful building increases from 50° to 60° when imposing electromagnetic confinement.
Oxidized phosphatidylcholines from defatted soybean flakes taste bitter (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidized phosphatidylcholines from defatted soybean flakes taste bitterDavid J. Sessa, Kathleen Warner, and Joseph J. RackisCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1976, 24, 1, 16–21Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60203a044https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60203a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The AIM2 inflammasome is a central regulator of intestinal homeostasis through the IL-18/IL-22/STAT3 pathway (2016)

Inflammasomes are important for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and dysbiosis contributes to the pathology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and increases the risk for colorectal cancer. Inflammasome defects contribute to chronic intestinal inflammation and increase the susceptibility to colitis in mice. However, the inflammasome sensor absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) protects against colorectal cancer in an inflammasome-independent manner through DNA-dependent protein kinase and Akt pathways. Yet, the roles of the AIM2 inflammasome in IBD and the early phases of colorectal cancer remain ill-defined. Here we show that the AIM2 inflammasome has a protective role in the intestine. During steady state, Aim2 deletion results in the loss of IL-18 secretion, suppression of the IL-22 binding protein (IL-22BP) in intestinal epithelial cells and consequent loss of the STAT3-dependent antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) Reg3β and Reg3γ, which promotes dysbiosis-linked colitis. During dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis, a dysfunctional IL-18/IL-22BP pathway in Aim2<sup>-/-</sup> mice promotes excessive IL-22 production and elevated STAT3 activation. Aim2<sup>-/-</sup> mice further exhibit sustained STAT3 and Akt activation during the resolution of colitis fueled by enhanced Reg3b and Reg3g expression. This self-perpetuating mechanism promotes proliferation of intestinal crypt cells and likely contributes to the recently described increase in susceptibility of Aim2<sup>-/-</sup> mice to colorectal cancer. Collectively, our results demonstrate a central role for the AIM2 inflammasome in preventing dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation through regulation of the IL-18/IL-22BP/IL-22 and STAT3 pathway and expression of select AMPs.
Microbially Mediated Clinoptilolite Regeneration in a Multifunctional Permeable Reactive Barrier Used to Remove Ammonium from Landfill Leachate Contamination: Laboratory Column Evaluation (2010)

This study focuses on multifunctional permeable reactive barrier (multibarrier) technology, combining microbial degradation and abiotic ion exchange processes for removal of ammonium from landfill leachate contamination. The sequential multibarrier concept relies on the use of a clinoptilolite-filled buffer compartment to ensure a robust ammonium removal in case of temporary insufficient microbial activities. An innovative strategy was developed to allow in situ clinoptilolite regeneration. Laboratory-scale clinoptilolite-filled columns were first saturated with ammonium, using real landfill leachate as well as synthetic leachates as feed media. Other inorganic metal cations, typically present in landfill leachate, had a detrimental influence on the ammonium removal capacity by competing for clinoptilolite exchange sites. On the other hand, the metals had a highly favorable impact on regeneration of the saturated material. Feeding the columns with leachate deprived from ammonium (e.g., by microbial nitrification in an upgradient compartment), resulted in a complete release of the previously sorbed ammonium from the clinoptilolite, due to exchange with metal cations present in the leachate. The released ammonium is then available for microbial consumption in a downgradient compartment. The regeneration process resulted in a slightly increased ammonium exchange capacity afterward. The described strategy throws a new light on sustainable use of sorption materials for in situ groundwater remediation, by avoiding the need for material replacement and the use of external chemical regenerants.
Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion in Older Patients With Type 1 Diabetes (2004)

Insulin pump therapy has been used in patients with type 1 diabetes for 25 years (1–3). In recent years, several studies have demonstrated that continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) is also safe and effective in adolescents and children (4–9). In the majority of studies, CSII has been shown to improve HbA1c while not changing or decreasing the risk of hypoglycemia. There is little information about the optimal treatment of older adults with type 1 diabetes (10). Risk for hypoglycemia is reported to be increased in older patients with diabetes and in those with long-standing diabetes, especially in those …
Nanoelectrospray‐based detection and sequencing of substoichiometric amounts of phosphopeptides in complex mixtures (2003)

A novel immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC)-based protocol was successfully used for sample preparation prior to nanoelectrospray-based sequencing of phosphopeptides. In a first step, phosphorylated peptides are detected in an unseparated peptide mixture using precursor ion scanning in the negative ion mode on a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer. Then the phosphorylated peptides are enriched by passing the sample over an IMAC column and sequenced in the positive ion mode. The IMAC-based enrichment allows the sequencing of phosphorylated peptides even if other, much more abundant, peptides are present at the same m/z value in the original mixture. Using this two-step approach, we are able to combine the simplicity, sensitivity and specificity of precursor ion scanning-based detection of phosphopeptides using the nanoelectrospray ion source with the ability to sequence phosphorylated peptides even if they are present in substoichiometric amounts.
An Evaluation of Liquid-Crystal Thermometry as a Screening Device for Intraoperative Hyperthermia (1978)

Disposable liquid-crystal temperature-trend indicators were evaluated under clinical conditions that simulated the development of intraoperative hyperthermia during anesthesia. Comparison was made to forehead thermistors for rapidity, accuracy, and linearity of response as well as correlation with esophageal and rectal thermistor recordings. The liquid-crystal monitors were comparable to the forehead thermistors in both rapidity and linearity of response, but not in accuracy. A linear correlation existed with the esophageal thermistor temperatures. Carrelation with the rectal temperatures was not as exact. It is concluded that liquid-crystal thermometers may adequately serve as screening devices for intraoperative hyperthermia.
Effect of Maternal Nicotine Exposure on Growth in vivo of Lung Tissue of Neonatal Rats (1988)

The effect of maternal nicotine exposure on lung growth in vivo in neonatal rats was investigated. Nicotine (0.25 and 1.0 mg/kg/day) administered subcutaneously to the pregnant animal from day 7 of gestation until weaning resulted in smaller neonatal lungs that were about 15% smaller on postnatal day 8. On day 21 no difference in lung mass occurs. Maternal nicotine exposure also causes enhanced lung cellular multiplication as judged by the calculated daily increase in DNA of 0.19 mg/g for control lung and 0.31 mg/g for experimental lung. Comparison of the protein/DNA ratio 5.75 +/- 0.22 of the control and the 3.59 +/- 0.21 of nicotine-exposed lungs showed that the cells of the latter was smaller. The lower lung mass was attributed to the smaller cell size. It is proposed that nicotine's marked inhibitory (42%) effect on glycolysis probably results in type I cell injury and consequently enhanced cell proliferation.
Thermal-Fluid Modeling For High Thermal Conductivity Heat Pipe Thermal Ground Planes (2014)

The thermal ground plane is an advanced planar heat pipe designed for cooling microelectronics in high gravitational fields. A thermal resistance model is developed to predict the thermal performance of the thermal ground plane, including the effects of the presence of noncondensable gases. Viscous laminar flow pressure losses are predicted to determine the maximum heat load when the capillary limit is reached. This paper shows that the axial effective thermal conductivity of the thermal ground plane decreases when the substrate and/or wick are thicker and/or with the presence of noncondensable gases. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the thermal-fluid model may be used to optimize the performance of the thermal ground plane by estimating the limits of wick thickness and vapor space thickness for a recognized internal volume of the thermal ground plane. The wick porosity plays a significant role in maximum heat transport capability. A large adverse gravitational field strongly decreases the maximum heat transport capability of the thermal ground plane. Axial effective thermal conductivity is mostly unaffected by the gravitational field. The maximum length of the thermal ground plane prior to reaching the capillary limit is inversely proportional to input power.