gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automating Deep Neural Network Model Selection for Edge Inference (2019)

The ever increasing size of deep neural network (DNN) models once implied that they were only limited to cloud data centers for runtime inference. Nonetheless, the recent plethora of DNN model compression techniques have successfully overcome this limit, turning into a reality that DNN-based inference can be run on numerous resource-constrained edge devices including mobile phones, drones, robots, medical devices, wearables, Internet of Things devices, among many others. Naturally, edge devices are highly heterogeneous in terms of hardware specification and usage scenarios. On the other hand, compressed DNN models are so diverse that they exhibit different tradeoffs in a multi-dimension space, and not a single model can achieve optimality in terms of all important metrics such as accuracy, latency and energy consumption. Consequently, how to automatically select a compressed DNN model for an edge device to run inference with optimal quality of experience (QoE) arises as a new challenge. The state-of-the-art approaches either choose a common model for all/most devices, which is optimal for a small fraction of edge devices at best, or apply device-specific DNN model compression, which is not scalable. In this paper, by leveraging the predictive power of machine learning and keeping end users in the loop, we envision an automated device-level DNN model selection engine for QoE-optimal edge inference. To concretize our vision, we formulate the DNN model selection problem into a contextual multi-armed bandit framework, where features of edge devices and DNN models are contexts and pre-trained DNN models are arms selected online based on the history of actions and users' QoE feedback. We develop an efficient online learning algorithm to balance exploration and exploitation. Our preliminary simulation results validate our algorithm and highlight the potential of machine learning for automating DNN model selection to achieve QoE-optimal edge inference.
Structure of Pyridine Nucleotide Transhydrogenase from <i>Azotobacter vinelandii</i> (1979)

1. Pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase of Azotobacter vinelandii purified by affinity chromatography consists of a mixture of polydisperse rods at neutral pH. No other structures are seen by electron microscopy. 2. At high pH (8.5–9.0) the rods depolymerize. Complete depolymerization can be achieved in 0.1 M Tris‐Cl pH 9.0. The depolymerized enzyme has a molecular weight of 421000 (sedimentation equilibrium), its sedimentation coefficient 5 20,w = 15 S and its Stokes' radius R s = 7 nm. Since gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate shows that transhydrogenase consists of a single polypeptide chain of molecular weight (54 ± 2) × 10 3 it follows that the depolymerized enzyme has an octameric quaternary structure. We propose that this octamer serves as the functional monomeric unit (‘unimer’) from which the polymeric form of transhydrogenase is constructed. 3. Gel filtration and sucrose gradient centrifugation studies of cell‐free extracts from A. vinelandii show the unimer to be the predominant active species.
Rome Criteria and a Diagnostic Approach to Irritable Bowel Syndrome (2017)

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) account for at least 40% of all referrals to gastroenterologists. Of the 33 recognized adult FGIDs, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent, with a worldwide prevalence estimated at 12%. IBS is an important health care concern as it greatly affects patients' quality of life and imposes a significant economic burden to the health care system. Cardinal symptoms of IBS include abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. The absence of abdominal pain makes the diagnosis of IBS untenable. The diagnosis of IBS can be made by performing a careful review of the patient's symptoms, taking a thoughtful history (e.g., diet, medication, medical, surgical, and psychological history), evaluating the patient for the presence of warning signs (e.g., "red flags" of anemia, hematochezia, unintentional weight loss, or a family history of colorectal cancer or inflammatory bowel disease), performing a guided physical examination, and using the Rome IV criteria. The Rome criteria were developed by a panel of international experts in the field of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Although initially developed to guide researchers, these criteria have undergone several revisions with the intent of making them clinically useful and relevant. This monograph provides a brief overview on the development of the Rome criteria, discusses the utility of the Rome IV criteria, and reviews how the criteria can be applied clinically to diagnose IBS. In addition, a diagnostic strategy for the cost-effective diagnosis of IBS will be reviewed.
A Natural Visible and Infrared Facial Expression Database for Expression Recognition and Emotion Inference (2010)

To date, most facial expression analysis has been based on visible and posed expression databases. Visible images, however, are easily affected by illumination variations, while posed expressions differ in appearance and timing from natural ones. In this paper, we propose and establish a natural visible and infrared facial expression database, which contains both spontaneous and posed expressions of more than 100 subjects, recorded simultaneously by a visible and an infrared thermal camera, with illumination provided from three different directions. The posed database includes the apex expressional images with and without glasses. As an elementary assessment of the usability of our spontaneous database for expression recognition and emotion inference, we conduct visible facial expression recognition using four typical methods, including the eigenface approach [principle component analysis (PCA)], the fisherface approach [PCA + linear discriminant analysis (LDA)], the Active Appearance Model (AAM), and the AAM-based + LDA. We also use PCA and PCA+LDA to recognize expressions from infrared thermal images. In addition, we analyze the relationship between facial temperature and emotion through statistical analysis. Our database is available for research purposes.
BIODEGRADATION OF PHENANTHRENE IN SOIL (2001)

We investigated the potential of an aerobic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-adapted consortium to degrade phenanthrene in soil. Optimal degradation conditions were determined as pH7.0 and 30 degrees C with a water content of 100% wt soil/wt water (w/w). At a concentration of 5 microg/g, phenanthrene degradation (k1) was measured at 0.0269 l/hr with a half-life (t(1/2)) of 25.8 hrs. Our results show that the higher the phenanthrene concentration, the slower the degradation rates. Phenanthrene degradation was enhanced by treatment with yeast extract, glucose, or pyruvate, but was not significantly improved by the addition of acetate. Degradation was delayed by the addition of either compost or potassium nitrate and enhanced by the addition of nonionic surfactants (Brij30, Brij35, Triton X100 or Triton N101) at critical micelle concentration (CMC). Phenanthrene degradation was delayed at levels above CMC.
All-passive phase locking of a compact Er:fiber laser system (2011)

A passively phase-locked laser source based on compact femtosecond Er:fiber technology is introduced. The carrier-envelope offset frequency is set to zero via difference frequency generation between a soliton at a wavelength of 2 μm and a dispersive wave at 860 nm generated in the same highly nonlinear fiber. This process results in a broadband output centered at 1.55 μm. Subsequently, the 40 MHz pulse train seeds a second Er:fiber amplifier, which boosts the pulse energy up to 8 nJ at a duration of 125 fs. Excellent phase stability is demonstrated via f-to-2f spectral interferometry.
LPS-induced up-regulation of TGF-β receptor 1 is associated with TNF-α expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages (2008)

The immunosuppressive activity of TGF-beta-mediated signaling is well documented, but in contrast, its ability to promote proinflammatory responses is less clear. In this study, we report that blockade of TGF-beta signaling by a specific inhibitor of the TGF-beta receptor I [activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5)] SB431542 significantly reduces the production of TNF-alpha, a key proinflammatory cytokine, by LPS-stimulated human monocyte-derived macrophages. ALK5 protein was only detectable after LPS stimulation, and the failure of treatment with SB431542 to alter TNF-alpha mRNA expression indicates that regulation is post-transcriptional. The additive effect of blocking TGF-beta and p38 MAPK signaling on reducing TNF-alpha but not IL-6 production suggests that there is selectivity in pathway signaling. SB431542 had similar inhibitory effects on TNF-alpha production by human monocytes and endothelial cells as well as macrophages. Furthermore, treatment with SB431542 reduced plasma TNF-alpha levels and tissue damage and thereby, prevented the lethal effects of LPS in a mouse model of septic shock. Our data demonstrate a direct effect of TGF-beta signaling via ALK5 on the regulation of TNF-alpha synthesis.
Microbial iron chelators as drug delivery agents: the rational design and synthesis of siderophore-drug conjugates (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicrobial iron chelators as drug delivery agents: the rational design and synthesis of siderophore-drug conjugatesMarvin J. Miller and Francois MalouinCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1993, 26, 5, 241–249Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00029a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00029a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1279Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Improved <i>p</i> - and <i>n</i> -type thin-film microstructures for thermoelectricity (2009)

Improved microstructures based on thin-films of n-type bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) and p-type antimony telluride (Sb2Te3) to convert temperature differences in electricity are presented. The microstructures are obtained by thin-film deposition, applying the co-evaporation method to the bismuth/antimony and telluride materials. Measurements demonstrated the superior thermoelectric features of the obtained films when compared with the most recent thermoelectric thin-film deposition. Measurements show that the deposited films present thermoelectric properties comparable to those reported for the same materials in bulk form, as is the case of the materials used in conventional macro-scale Peltier modules. The absolute values of the Seebeck coefficient are in the range 150–250 µVK−1 and the in-plane electrical resistivity is in the 7–15 µΩm range. Measurements for the Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 films also show figures of merit at room temperatures of 0.84 and 0.5, and power factors of 4.87 and 2.81 mWK−2 m−1, respectively. These microstructures are used for the fabrication of thermoelectric microgenerators to supply stand-alone microsystems with power consumption that ranges from cents of µW to a few mW.
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and autoimmunity (2005)

New findings in the pathophysiology of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in autoimmunity and especially a better comprehension of their activation may give a new impetus for the development of targeted immunologic therapies in various autoimmune disorders.
Evaluation of equipment for hyperthermic treatment of cancer (1988)

Clinical hyperthermia has been practised at The University of Texas System Cancer Center for nearly a decade at the time of writing. In 1977 we began with the use of systemic hyperthermia affected by circulating hot water through blankets surrounding the patient (Barlogie et al. 1979). The following year we began the development of systems for inducing local and regional hyperthermia to attain higher intratumoural temperatures, achieve greater antitumour activity and yet circumvent the toxicities associated with systemic hyperthermia above 42 degrees Celsius. The systems described below were the result of this effort, and, at the time that this contract was awarded in 1981, an active program was underway using ultrasound and magnetic induction as the two principal methods for external non-invasive tumour temperature elevation. Needle implant techniques were also in use as invasive methods for direct ohmic heating of tumours by the conduction of electric currents between arrays of implanted stainless steel electrodes. These latter methods were, and are now, primarily used intraoperatively. Clinical hyperthermia has been practised at The University of Texas System Cancer Center for nearly a decade at the time of writing. In 1977 we began with the use of systemic hyperthermia affected by circulating hot water through blankets surrounding the patient (Barlogie et al. 1979). The following year we began the development of systems for inducing local and regional hyperthermia to attain higher intratumoural temperatures, achieve greater antitumour activity and yet circumvent the toxicities associated with systemic hyperthermia above 42 degrees Celsius. The systems described below were the result of this effort, and, at the time that this contract was awarded in 1981, an active program was underway using ultrasound and magnetic induction as the two principal methods for external non-invasive tumour temperature elevation. Needle implant techniques were also in use as invasive methods for direct ohmic heating of tumours by the conduction of electric currents between arrays of implanted stainless steel electrodes. These latter methods were, and are now, primarily used intraoperatively.
Isobutane/2-Butene Alkylation Catalyzed by Strong Acids in the Presence of Ionic Liquid Additives (2014)

AbstractIsobutane/2-butene alkylation catalyzed by binary mixtures of acidic ionic liquids (ILs) and strong acids (sulfuric acid or H2SO4 and triflic acid or CF3SO3H) was investigated. The catalytic performances of H2SO4 and CF3SO3H were considerably improved when ILs were added. Using [Emim][OTf]-CuCl/H2SO4 as the catalyst, an alkylate with a high content of the desired trimethylpentane (up to 79.6 wt%) and a high research octane number (up to 99.1) was obtained. The results of electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry indicated that the better distributions of the products obtained with the IL/acid mixtures were due to the Cu-containing anions and cations of the ILs.Keywords: AlkylationIonic liquidsisobutanesulfuric acidtrifluoromethane-sulfonic acid
Structure activity related, mechanistic, and modeling studies of gallotannins containing a glucitol-core and α-glucosidase (2015)

Gallotannins containing a glucitol core, which are only produced by members of the maple (<i>Acer</i>) genus, are more potent <i>α</i>-glucosidase inhibitors than the clinical drug, acarbose. While this activity is influenced by the number of substituents on the glucitol core (e.g. more galloyl groups leads to increased activity), the mechanisms of inhibitory action are not known. Herein, we investigated ligand-enzyme interactions and binding mechanisms of a series of 'glucitol-core containing gallotannins (GCGs)' against the <i>α</i>-glucosidase enzyme. The GCGs included ginnalins A, B and C (containing two, one, and one galloyl/s, respectively), maplexin F (containing 3 galloyls) and maplexin J (containing 4 galloyls). All of the GCGs were noncompetitive inhibitors of <i>α</i>-glucosidase and their interactions with the enzyme were further explored using biophysical and spectroscopic measurements. Thermodynamic parameters (by isothermal titration calorimetry) revealed a 1:1 binding ratio between GCGs and <i>α</i>-glucosidase. The binding regions between the GCGs and <i>α</i>-glucosidase, probed by a fluorescent tag, 1,1'-bis(4-anilino-5-napththalenesulfonic acid, revealed that the GCGs decreased the hydrophobic surface of the enzyme. In addition, circular dichroism analyses showed that the GCGs bind to <i>α</i>-glucosidase and lead to loss of the secondary <i>α</i>-helix structure of the protein. Also, molecular modeling was used to predict the binding site between the GCGs and the <i>α</i>-glucosidase enzyme. This is the first study to evaluate the mechanisms of inhibitory activities of gallotannins containing a glucitol core on <i>α</i>-glucosidase.
Crystal structure of the dimeric protein core of decorin, the archetypal small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycan (2004)

Decorin is a ubiquitous extracellular matrix proteoglycan with a variety of important biological functions that are mediated by its interactions with extracellular matrix proteins, cytokines, and cell surface receptors. Decorin is the prototype of the family of small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycans and proteins (SLRPs), characterized by a protein core composed of leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), flanked by two cysteine-rich regions. We report here the crystal structure of the dimeric protein core of decorin, the best characterized member of the SLRP family. Each monomer adopts the curved solenoid fold characteristic of LRR domains, with a parallel beta-sheet on the inside interwoven with loops containing short segments of beta-strands, 3(10) helices, and polyproline II helices on the outside. Two main features are unique to this structure. First, decorin dimerizes through the concave surfaces of the LRR domains, which have been implicated previously in protein-ligand interactions. The amount of surface buried in this dimer rivals the buried surfaces of some of the highest-affinity macromolecular complexes reported to date. Second, the C-terminal region adopts an unusual capping motif that involves a laterally extended LRR and a disulfide bond. This motif seems to be unique to SLRPs and has not been observed in any other LRR protein structure to date. Possible implications of these features for decorin ligand binding and SLRP function are discussed.
DNA synthesis and mitosis in a temperature sensitive Chinese hamster cell line (1973)

Abstract Viability, DNA synthesis and mitosis have been followed in the temperature sensitive Chinese hamster cell mutant K12 under permissive and non‐permissive conditions. On incubation at 40°C cells retained their ability to form colonies at 33°C for 15 to 20 hours, but viability was lost gradually during the following 20 hours. When random cultures of K12 were shifted to 40°C the rate of DNA synthesis was normal for three to four hours but then decreased markedly, reaching 95% inhibition after 24 hours. Under the same conditions mitosis was inhibited after 15 hours. If cultures which had been incubated at 40°C for 16 hours were placed at 33°C the rate of DNA synthesis increased five hours after the shift down and mitosis 18 hours after. These results can be interpreted on the assumption that K12 at 40°C is unable to complete a step in the cell cycle which is essential for DNA synthesis and which occurs three to four hours before the start of S at 33°C.
Mesenchymal stem cells are efficiently transduced with adenoviruses bearing type 35-derived fibers and the transduced cells with the IL-28A gene produces cytotoxicity to lung carcinoma cells co-cultured (2014)

AdF35 is a suitable vector to transduce MSCs that are resistant to Ad5-mediated gene transfer. MSCs infected with AdF35 that activate an exogenous gene by the cytomegalovirus promoter can be a vehicle to deliver the gene product to targeted cells.
Relationship between Bacterial Load, Species Virulence, and Transfusion Reaction with Transfusion of Bacterially Contaminated Platelets (2008)

Active surveillance detected 32-fold more bacterially contaminated platelet units and 10.6-fold more septic reactions than did passive surveillance, and virulent species and bacterial counts of > or =10(5) colony-forming units/mL were associated with more-severe transfusion reactions. Improved detection methods or use of pathogen inactivation technology are needed to eliminate this problem.
Enhancing interaction and collaboration in multimedia rooms with multilayered annotations and telepointers (2008)

We discuss the rationale for the use of multi-layered annotations and telepointers in the context of group activities conducted in multimedia rooms. In this setting, users rely on large interactive displays, desktop or laptop computers, and mobile devices. We have designed a synchronous collaboration environment termed Strata that supports interaction and collaboration among local and remote participants who share a workspace and communicate by pointing and annotating on objects. In the proposed environment, telepointers increase awareness of other users and their intentions, whereas transparent layers facilitate the production of annotations. Layers can be activated or deactivated depending on each user's preferences and interests, thus reducing clutter and facilitating coordination. We present the design and prototypical implementation of Strata as well as encouraging results from preliminary evaluations.
Role of c‐Fos/JunD in protecting stress‐induced cell death (2007)

Our results suggest that both UV and H(2)O(2 )induce the activation of c-Fos/JunD AP-1 complexes resulting in the prevention of cell death. Moreover, UV irradiation-induced increases in c-Fos/JunD expression in primary MEF cells are mediated through the activation of the MAPK/ERK1/2 signalling pathway.
Matrix decompositions of two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. (1994)

Two-dimensional NMR spectra are rectangular arrays of real numbers, which are commonly regarded as digitized images to be analyzed visually. If one treats them instead as mathematical matrices, linear algebra techniques can also be used to extract valuable information from them. This matrix approach is greatly facilitated by means of a physically significant decomposition of these spectra into a product of matrices--namely, S = PAPT. Here, P denotes a matrix whose columns contain the digitized contours of each individual peak or multiple in the one-dimensional spectrum, PT is its transpose, and A is an interaction matrix specific to the experiment in question. The practical applications of this decomposition are considered in detail for two important types of two-dimensional NMR spectra, double quantum-filtered correlated spectroscopy and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy, both in the weak-coupling approximation. The elements of A are the signed intensities of the cross-peaks in a double quantum-filtered correlated spectrum, or the integrated cross-peak intensities in the case of a nuclear Overhauser effect spectrum. This decomposition not only permits these spectra to be efficiently simulated but also permits the corresponding inverse problems to be given an elegant mathematical formulation to which standard numerical methods are applicable. Finally, the extension of this decomposition to the case of strong coupling is given.