gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular and Physiological Diversity of Cortical Nonpyramidal Cells (1997)

The physiological and molecular features of nonpyramidal cells were investigated in acute slices of sensory-motor cortex using whole-cell recordings combined with single-cell RT-PCR to detect simultaneously the mRNAs of three calcium binding proteins (calbindin D28k, parvalbumin, and calretinin) and four neuropeptides (neuropeptide Y, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, somatostatin, and cholecystokinin). In the 97 neurons analyzed, all expressed mRNAs of at least one calcium binding protein, and the majority (n = 73) contained mRNAs of at least one neuropeptide. Three groups of nonpyramidal cells were defined according to their firing pattern. (1) Fast spiking cells (n = 34) displayed tonic discharges of fast action potentials with no accommodation. They expressed parvalbumin (n = 30) and/or calbindin (n = 19) mRNAs, and half of them also contained transcripts of at least one of the four neuropeptides. (2) Regular spiking nonpyramidal cells (n = 48) displayed a firing behavior characterized by a marked accommodation and presented a large diversity of expression patterns of the seven biochemical markers. (3) Finally, a small population of vertically oriented bipolar cells, termed irregular spiking cells (n = 15), fired bursts of action potentials at an irregular frequency. They consistently co-expressed calretinin and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Additional investigations of these cells showed that they also co-expressed glutamic acid decarboxylase and choline acetyl transferase. Our results indicate that neocortical nonpyramidal neurons display a large diversity in their firing properties and biochemical patterns of co-expression and that both characteristics could be correlated to define discrete subpopulations.
Facile and Effective Synthesis of N-Aryl-2-Furancarboxamides Derivatives Under the Condition of Phase Transfer Catalysis (1999)

Abstract A convenient one-pot procedure is reported for the preparation of N-aryl-2-furancarboxamide derivatives. 2-Furoic acid is activated by benzenesuifonyl chloride under the condition of solid-liquid phase transfer catalysis using solid potassium carbonate as base and polyethylene glycol-400-(PEG-400) as phase transfer catalyst.
Fluorescence thiol modification assay: oxidatively modified proteins in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (2005)

Oxidatively modified thiol groups of cysteine residues are known to modulate the activity of a growing number of proteins. In this study, we developed a fluorescence-based thiol modification assay and combined it with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to monitor the in vivo thiol state of cytoplasmic proteins. For the Gram-positive model organism Bacillus subtilis our results show that protein thiols of growing cells are mainly present in the reduced state. Only a few proteins were found to be thiol-modified, e.g. enzymes that include oxidized thiols in their catalytic cycle. To detect proteins that are particularly sensitive to oxidative stress we exposed growing B. subtilis cells to diamide, hydrogen peroxide or to the superoxide generating agent paraquat. Diamide mediated a significant increase of oxidized thiols in a variety of metabolic enzymes, whereas treatment with paraquat affected only a few proteins. Exposure to hydrogen peroxide forced the oxidation especially of proteins with active site cysteines, e.g. of cysteine-based peroxidases and glutamine amidotransferase-like proteins. Moreover, high levels of hydrogen peroxide were observed to influence the isoelectric point of proteins of this group indicating the generation of irreversibly oxidated thiols. From the overlapping set of oxidatively modified proteins, also enzymes necessary for methionine biosynthesis were identified, e.g. cobalamin-independent methionine synthase MetE. Growth experiments revealed a methionine limitation after diamide and hydrogen peroxide stress, which suggests a thiol-oxidation-dependent inactivation of MetE. Finally, evidence is presented that the antibiotic nitrofurantoin mediates the formation of oxidized thiols in B. subtilis.
The development of targeted therapy in small cell lung cancer. (2013)

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive cancer usually with distal metastasis and very poor prognosis. Chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for SCLC in all stages and an initial good response, but there is a high chance of disease relapse with an overall poor median survival for both stages. With increasing translational research and a better understanding of the molecular basis of cancer, a number of molecular targets have been identified in various preclinical studies. Targeted drugs have less toxicity than chemotherapy drugs, but no targeted agents have been approved for use in the treatment of SCLC patients to date. This review focuses on targeted therapies in SCLC.
Resonant waveguide quasi-phase-matched SHG devices with electrooptic phase-modulator for tuning (1996)

We propose and demonstrate a resonant LiNbO/sub 3/ waveguide device for quasi-phase-matched second-harmonic generation (SHG) that employs an electrooptic phase-modulator for frequency tuning. The waveguide cavity for the pump wave consists of an annealed/proton-exchanged channel waveguide and two dielectric mirrors attached to the waveguide facets. SHG experiments were performed using a laser diode at 865-nm wavelength, and a normalized SHG efficiency of 400%/W was obtained. This value is eight times higher than that of a traveling-wave device. The phase modulator allows tuning of the cavity resonance frequency to the pump frequency with a tuning voltage of less than 8.3 V.
<title>Process control and optimization of conventional metal process for 0.18-micron logic technology</title> (2000)

In this paper we describe the process control and optimization strategy for a conventional metal process for 0.18-micrometer technology. It is well known that the interaction of DUV resists with substrates containing nitrogen, e.g. TiN, leads to resist footing. A technique to minimize this interaction and improve CD control will be presented. We then present process optimization strategies including substrate optimization, resist thickness optimization, and use of top- anti-reflective coating. A comparison of reflectivity simulations with CD control will also be shown. DOF with varying substrate thicknesses will be presented. Strategies for CD control in sub-0.18 micrometer metal patterning will also be presented.
Long term diffusive sampling of volatile organic compounds in indoor air (1993)

Abstract Measurements of the diffusive uptake rate of six volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by Perkin Elmer type adsorbent tubes packed with Tenax using an exposure period of 4 weeks is described. Environmental chambers are applied to generate appropriate standard atmospheres containing the VOCs of interest to which the diffusive samplers are exposed. The diffusive uptake rates derived show good agreement between tests and are in accordance with results of field trials in non‐industrial indoor air previously reported. Compounds of higher volatility, such as benzene have a considerably lower diffusive uptake rate than compounds such as undecane and 1,2,4‐trimethylbenzene. The diffusive samplers are used to measure the concentration of six VOCs in the living room and main bedroom in 100 homes using a 4 week exposure period. Outdoor concentrations are also recorded at 10 locations. Indoor concentrations exceed those outdoors and are similar to those reported in four other major studies.
Safety and efficacy of personal care products containing colloidal oatmeal (2012)

Our results demonstrate that colloidal oatmeal is a safe and effective ingredient in personal care products. No allergies were reported by consumers of 445,820 products sold during a 3-year period.
Ten Years of the Teaching of English as a Foreign Language (1971)

Ten Years of the Teaching of English as a Foreign Language Get access W. R. LEE W. R. LEE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ELT Journal, Volume XXVI, Issue 1, October 1971, Pages 3–13, https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/XXVI.1.3 Published: 01 October 1971
CHEMICAL STABILITY OF LIGNOCAINE (LIDOCAINE) AND ADRENALIN (EPINEPHRINE) IN pH-ADJUSTED PARENTERAL SOLUTIONS (1988)

Recent clinical studies have shown that alkalinizing lignocaine (lidocaine) solutions is an effective way of shortening the time of onset and increasing the duration of anaesthesia. However, alkalinizing lignocaine solutions raises the problem of the stability of these preparations. Moreover, the adrenalin usually associated with it is unstable in alkalinized solutions designed for peridural injection. This study was performed to define the range of pH over which lignocaine and adrenalin in commercial solution is stable. The results indicate that it is possible to alkalinize lignocaine solutions and that the solutions prepared are stable for at least 6 h.
Microwave treatment of faecal sludge from intensively used toilets in the slums of Nairobi, Kenya (2016)

Toilet facilities in highly dense areas such as the slum and emergency settlements fill up rapidly; thus, requiring frequent emptying. Consequently, big quantities of fresh faecal sludge (FS) containing large amounts of pathogens are generated. Fast and efficient FS treatment technologies are therefore required for safe treatment and disposal of the FS in such conditions. This study explores the applicability of a microwave (MW) technology for the treatment of fresh FS obtained from urine-diverting dry toilets placed in slum settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. Two sample fractions containing 100 g and 200 g of FS were exposed to MW irradiation at three input MW power levels of 465, 1085 and 1550 W at different exposure times ranging from 0.5 to 14 min. The variation in the FS temperature, pathogen reduction via the destruction of E. coli and Ascaris lumbricoides eggs, and vol/wt reduction were measured during the MW treatment. It was demonstrated that the MW technology can rapidly and efficiently achieve complete reduction of E. coli and Ascaris lumbricoides eggs, and over 70% vol/wt reduction in the fresh FS. Furthermore, the successful evaluation of the MW technology under real field conditions demonstrated that MW irradiation can be applied for rapid treatment of fresh FS in situations such as urban slum and emergency conditions.
Bacterial Cellulose (2002)

Abstract Introduction Historical Outline Structure of BC Chemical Analysis and Detection Occurrence Physiological Function Biosynthesis of BC Synthesis of the Cellulose Precursor Cellulose Synthase Mechanism of Biosynthesis Genetic Basis of Cellulose Biosynthesis Regulation of Bacterial Cellulose Synthesis Soluble Polysaccharides Synthesized by A. xylinum Role of Endo‐ and Exocellulases Synthesized by A. xylinum Biodegradation of BC Biotechnological Production Isolation from Natural Sources and Improvement of BC‐producing Strains Fermentation Production In vitro Biosynthesis Chemo‐enzymatic Synthesis Production Processes Expected to be Applied in the Future Recovery and Purification Properties Applications Technical Applications Medical Applications Food Applications Miscellaneous Uses Patents Outlook and Perspectives
Enantioselective Hydrosilylation of Prochiral 3,4‐Dihydro‐2<i>H</i>‐pyrrole Derivatives (1985)

The asymmetric synthesis of pyrrolidines can be accomplished with moderate ee values by Rh-catalyzed hydrosilylation of dihydropyrroles such as 1. After acylating work-up of the silylamines 2 initially formed (≤64%), trifluoroacetamides 3 can be isolated in yields of between 80 and 90%.
Correlation of clinical and virologic responses to antiviral treatment and regulatory T cell evolution in patients with hepatitis C virus–induced mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis (2008)

The strong positive correlation between clinical responses and Treg cell levels provides further support for the central role of Treg cells in the pathogenesis of HCV-induced MC vasculitis and emphasizes the dual role of Treg cells in chronic HCV infection: while Treg cells may hinder viral elimination, they also limit autoimmune injury.
Magnesium-Assisted Stereospecific Oligomerization of Isoprene. Unique Chemical Behaviors of Magnesium-Isoprene Adducts, [Mg(C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>8</sub>)<sub>m</sub>]<sub>n</sub> (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMagnesium-Assisted Stereospecific Oligomerization of Isoprene. Unique Chemical Behaviors of Magnesium-Isoprene Adducts, [Mg(C5H8)m]nHajime Yasuda, Yoshio Nakano, Kazuteru Natsukawa, and Hisaya TaniCite this: Macromolecules 1978, 11, 3, 586–592Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60063a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60063a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views221Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
VARIATION OF ELASTIC WAVE VELOCITIES IN GRANITES WITH PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE (1956)

The dilatational and rotational wave velocities have been measured as functions of pressure and temperature for five granites. The pressure range was 200-5,000 bars or higher. Dilatational velocities were measured over the temperature range 20-300 degrees C.; rotational wave velocities over the range 20-200 degrees C. These data indicate that below fairly shallow depths in the granitic layer the velocity is constant or even slightly decreasing.
Temporal profile of intracranial pressure and cerebrovascular reactivity in severe traumatic brain injury and association with fatal outcome: An observational study (2017)

We demonstrated the temporal evolution of ICP and PRx and their relationship with fatal outcome, indicating a potential early prognostic and therapeutic window. The combination of dynamic monitoring variables and their time profile improved prediction of outcome. Therefore, time-driven dynamic modelling of outcome in patients with severe TBI may allow for more accurate and clinically useful prediction models. Further research is needed to confirm and expand on these findings.
Antiestrogen can establish nonproductive receptor complexes and alter chromatin structure at target enhancers. (1991)

We describe in this report experiments in vivo that demonstrate that antiestrogens promote DNA binding of the estrogen receptor without efficiently inducing transcription. When the receptor is modified to carry a foreign unregulated transactivation domain, transcription can be induced efficiently by both estrogen and antiestrogens. Under apparent saturation conditions, antihormone-receptor complexes binding to responsive enhancer elements elicit only a low level of transcription. In addition, we show that both estrogen and an antiestrogen, nafoxidine, effect very similar alterations in chromatin structure at a responsive promoter. These results indicate that in vivo steroid receptor action can be regulated subsequent to the DNA binding step, by regulating interactions with the target transcriptional machinery. In this regard, antihormones can function by establishing receptor-DNA complexes that are transcriptionally nonproductive.
Background removal in dental panoramic X-ray images by the A-Trous multiresolution transform (2006)

Dental panoramic X-ray images are images having complex content, because several layers of tissue, bone, fat, etc. are superimposed. Nonuniform illumination, stemming from the X-ray source, gives extra modulation to the image, which causes spatially varying X-ray photon density. The interaction of the X-ray photons with the density of matter causes spatially coherent varying noise contribution. Many algorithms exist to compensate background effects, by pixel based or global methods. However, if the image is contaminated by a nonnegligible amount of noise, that is usually nonGaussian, the methods cannot approximate the background efficiently. In this paper, a dedicated approach for the removal of a multiplying background is presented using polynomial scaling and the A-Trous multiresolution transform. The new method uses a background image and a diagnostic image together to estimate the density of the diagnostic content. It assumes a locally Gaussian statistic scaled by a hidden factor, where the hidden factor represents the variance of the nonGaussian process of image generation. Because, the method also removes noise from the compound signal, a comparison to a standard denoising method is given. This approach has been tested on 50 images from a database of panoramic X-ray images where the results are cross validated by medical experts.
Determination of polymer-supported carbodiimides (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of polymer-supported carbodiimidesWaldemar. Adam and Faris. YanyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1977, 49, 4, 676Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50012a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50012a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views121Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Object recognition in dense range images using a CAD system as a model base (2002)

A model-based vision system is proposed in which a commercial CAD system has been used for object modeling. Assuming that the model is known, the corresponding object in the scene is located. Given the CAD model of an object, certain features of the model are extracted, while others are precalculated and stored. The given dense 3-D range image is segmented into a set of homogeneous surface patches using a segmentation procedure. Properties such as curvature, surface normal, and surface area are approximated for each surface patch. For each extracted surface patch, three filters are applied to the previously obtained model features to find the best match. Then, a global consistency filter is applied to remove ambiguities and to find the best matched model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Identification of a phosphorylation site and functional analysis of conserved aspartic acid residues of OmpR, a transcriptional activator for <i>ompF</i> and <i>ompC</i> in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1993)

In Escherichia coli the OmpR and EnvZ proteins regulate the expression of the outer membrane porin proteins OmpC and OmpF. EnvZ and OmpR belong to a family of sensor/effector protein pairs that control adaptation to a variety of environmental conditions. EnvZ acts as the sensor protein that phosphorylates OmpR, which in turn regulates porin gene expression. The level of phosphorylated OmpR appears to be a determining factor for ompC and ompF regulation. Phosphorylation of OmpR is considered to occur at one or more aspartic acid residues (Asp-11, Asp-12 and/or Asp-55) that are highly conserved among the effector proteins. In this report we biochemically characterized the aspartic acid residue(s) in OmpR that were phosphorylated by EnvZ. Reduction of aspartyl phosphate residues in the amino-terminal domain of OmpR with [3H]-NaBH4 indicated that Asp-55 was a primary site of modification. We further studied the role of the highly conserved aspartate residues by creating OmpR mutants having aspartate to alanine substitutions at positions 11 (D11A), 12 (D12A) and 55 (D55A). Studies of ompF and ompC expression as well as in vivo and in vitro phosphorylation experiments also demonstrated that while Asp-55 is the primary phosphate acceptor site in OmpR, Asp-11 may also serve as a phosphorylation site, particularly in the absence of Asp-55.
An intelligent arbiter for fair bandwidth allocation (2011)

Rapid advancement in the world of microprocessor necessitates solving the bus contention in a most efficient manner. The major challenge is to reduce the latency of the system and to achieve a fair bandwidth allocation. Combination of Adaptive Arbitration algorithm and the processors according to their traffic behavior can be one of the feasible options to tackle the aforesaid problems due to its fair bandwidth allotment and low system latency. This article provides a comprehensive picture of the global scenario of Adaptive Arbitration algorithm for fair bandwidth allocation so as to enable researchers to decide the direction of further investigation. Some of the works published so far in this area are reviewed, classified according to their objectives and presented in an organized manner with general conclusion.
Recent developments on standardisation of MPEG-7 Visual Signature Tools (2010)

This paper presents the latest developments and possible new directions for future work in standardisation of Visual Signature Tools within the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). The tools, which include the Image Signature descriptor and the recently completed Video Signature descriptor, form a part of the MPEG-7 specification. They enable fast and robust detection of duplicate or derived visual media content, images and videos. Descriptors of this type are sometimes also referred to as fingerprints or robust hashes. Here we mainly focus on introducing the technology behind the recently completed Video Signature Tools and describe some recent developments and demonstration applications for the Image Signature Tools. Finally, we briefly present MPEG exploratory investigations on requirements of searching for different images containing the same visual objects within the mobile visual search framework.