gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TeO2 anisotropic Bragg light deflector without midband degeneracy (1975)

An advanced acousto-optic light deflector has been designed using the acoustic shear wave traveling slightly off the [110] axis in TeO2. The midband mode degeneracy reported by Warner et al., which decreases the diffracted light intensity, has been shifted off from the active frequency region. A linearly polarized wave can be used as the incident light instead of the elliptically polarized wave used in the conventional deflector designed by Warner et al. The deflector yields a larger number of resolvable spots due to the broadened bandwidth. Experimentally, with 6328-Å light, a 3-dB bandwidth of 50 MHz was observed with a diffraction efficiency of 80% and an electric power of 350 mW. The new deflector has a capacity of 500 resolvable spots with a random access time of 10 μsec.
Inhibition of testosterone production with ketoconazole alone and in combination with a gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue in the rat. (1986)

Ketoconazole is a well-tolerated, synthetic, imidazole derivative currently in widespread therapeutic use against mycotic infections. Recent evidence that it depresses testosterone synthesis in humans prompted us to investigate the effects in rats of its administration alone or in combination with the gonadotropin releasing hormone superagonist analogue leuprolide. Plasma luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and ketoconazole levels as well as ventral prostate weight and tumor growth in rats bearing the androgen-dependent Dunning R3327H model of prostate adenocarcinoma were measured. Doses of 30 mg/kg twice daily of ketoconazole alone depressed plasma testosterone levels by approximately 75% to a nadir of 0.47 +/- 0.08 (SE) ng/ml on day 20 (P less than 0.001 versus basal). This effect of ketoconazole was exerted directly at the testicular level since plasma luteinizing hormone levels were not suppressed. In response, ventral prostate weight declined and growth of the Dunning R3327H tumor was retarded to rates observed in castrate controls. Leuprolide alone lowered basal testosterone levels to 0.20 +/- 0.02 ng/ml after 35 days of daily administration but persistent androgen increments after each injection (acute-on-chronic effect) were observed (i.e., to 4.41 +/- 0.62 ng/ml). The addition of ketoconazole to leuprolide inhibited the acute-on-chronic rise in testosterone to 0.33 +/- .07 ng/ml and also lowered basal testosterone levels further to 0.11 +/- 0.01 on day 10 of combined administration. Ketoconazole also blunted the response to the first injection of leuprolide from a 3-h peak level of 8.74 +/- 0.53 to 4.17 +/- 0.80 with the 40 mg/kg dose. These results indicate that combining ketoconazole with leuprolide achieves greater suppression of testosterone than either agent alone. When such protocols are applied to humans with prostate cancer, more extensive effects may be expected because of the greater sensitivity of patients than of the rodent species to these agents.
Polymerizable phospholipids: a novel class of biomaterials (1994)

Abstract Polymerizable phospholipids are organic monomers that are able to self‐assemble into membranes. This is quite similar to the self assembly of naturally occurring lipid membranes found in biological systems. The polymerizable lipids can then be polymerized to stabilize these membranes. These stabilized structures have a number of different morphologies which offer a variety of technically attractive features. This article reviews the chemical and physical properties of these materials in terms of their technological applications.
Anti-Tumour and Anti-Bacterial Activity of Some Ethno-Medicinal Plants (2018)

Background: Every year, millions of people are diagnosed with cancer, leading to death in a majority of the cases. Because of the high death rate associated with cancer and serious side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, many cancer patients seek alternative methods of treatment. Regarding the safety and effectiveness of natural therapies, the researchers are more interested in the use of natural medicine. In the present investigation, the anti-tumour and anti-bacterial effects of five different plant extracts at different concentrations have been evaluated. Results: The result of the present study show that all the tested fractions inhibited tumor formation in the potato disc assay. Annona squamosa was the most efficient in inhibiting up to 75% at concentration of 1 mg/ml and 50% at concentration of 0.1 mg/ml; Boerhavia diffusa with an inhibition of 60% and 32% at concentrations of 1 mg/ml and 0.1 mg/ml, respectively. Centella asiatica has inhibition of 18% at concentration 0.1 mg/ml. Conclusions: The anti-tumor potential demonstrated by the extracts respective plant species in the present study is in line with the traditional uses. These plants could be used as a source of potent anti-tumor agents for anti-tumor drug development. Keywords : Medicinal plants, cancer, anti-tumour potato disc assay, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Anti-bacterial Cite this Article Patnaik Amit, Sharma Hanuman Prasad, Kumari Priyank et al. Anti-Tumour and Anti-Bacterial Activity of Some Ethno-Medicinal Plants. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Immunology . 2017; 7(3): 16–22p.
Some developments in laser isotope separation research at Los Alamos (1975)

The supersonic expansion of bulk gas samples to obtain low vibrational and rotational temperatures that allow detailed resolution of the infrared absorption features of isotopic molecules (/sup 235/UF/sub 6/ and /sup 238/UF/sub 6/) is discussed. (LK)
Surface kinetics modeling of silicon and silicon oxide plasma etching. I. Effect of neutral and ion fluxes on etching yield of silicon oxide in fluorocarbon plasmas (2006)

Silicon oxide etching processes in C2F6 and C4F8+80% Ar plasmas were investigated. Neutral and ion compositions in the plasma were measured using quadrupole mass spectrometry and etching yield was measured by a quartz-crystal microbalance. In C2F6 plasma, the concentration of atomic fluorine in the neutral flux was 5%–25%, whereas there was less than 0.5% of atomic fluorine in C4F8+80% Ar plasma. A surface plot representing the etching yield as a function of neutral and ion fluxes was constructed and used to qualitatively explain the etching characteristics of silicon oxide in fluorocarbon plasmas. In C2F6 chemistry, etching yield decreases slightly with increasing rf coil power. This is attributed to the decrease in both F/ion and CFx/ion, which is caused by an increase in ion flux, with a more significant effect due to a decrease in F/ion. In C4F8+80% Ar chemistry, however, etching yield increases with increasing rf coil power. This is attributed to the decrease in CFx, without the effect of F/ion due to the low atomic fluorine concentration. With increased operating pressure, etching yield decreases for both chemistries because as the pressure increases, ion current decreases, and CFx neutral concentration increases to have more deposition and less etching.
Single-dose tumor necrosis factor protection against endotoxin-induced shock and tissue injury in rats (1991)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a macrophage product released in response to endotoxin and other stimuli, has been shown to be a central mediator of endotoxin or septic shock. However, its highly conserved and wide-ranging physiological effects suggest that it may also be an essential cytokine in the host defense against acute bacterial infection or sepsis. A single nontoxic dose of human recombinant TNF administered intravenously 24 h prior to a lethal infusion of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) completely prevented acute LPS-induced hypotension, ameliorated tissue injury in the lungs and liver, and improved survival in male Fisher 344 rats. The protective effects of TNF were dose dependent and required a 24-h pretreatment interval. After the infusion of LPS, animals in both groups (TNF-treated animals and saline-pretreated controls) initially appeared acutely ill and had a similar severe metabolic acidosis, indicating that TNF did not inactivate or prevent the toxic effects of LPS. Twelve hours after the administration of TNF, the gene for manganous superoxide dismutase, a mitochondrial enzyme which scavenges toxic reactive oxygen species and is induced during conditions which generate a free radical stress, was expressed in liver tissue, suggesting that the induction of manganous superoxide dismutase may be an important in vivo protective mechanism against cellular injury during lethal endotoxemia.
Biochemical Aspects of Coronavirus Replication and Virus-Host Interaction (2006)

Infection by different coronaviruses (CoVs) causes alterations in the transcriptional and translational patterns, cell cycle, cytoskeleton, and apoptosis pathways of the host cells. In addition, CoV infection may cause inflammation, alter immune and stress responses, and modify the coagulation pathways. The balance between the up- and downregulated genes could explain the pathogenesis caused by these viruses. We review specific aspects of CoV-host interactions. CoV genome replication takes place in the cytoplasm in a membrane-protected microenvironment and may control the cell machinery by locating some of their proteins in the host cell nucleus. CoVs initiate translation by cap-dependent and cap-independent mechanisms. CoV transcription involves a discontinuous RNA synthesis (template switching) during the extension of a negative copy of the subgenomic mRNAs. The requirement for base-pairing during transcription has been formally demonstrated in arteriviruses and CoVs. CoV N proteins have RNA chaperone activity that may help initiate template switching. Both viral and cellular proteins are required for replication and transcription, and the role of selected proteins is addressed.
Long-term results of dual-chamber (DDD) pacing in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Evidence for progressive symptomatic and hemodynamic improvement and reduction of left ventricular hypertrophy. (1994)

BACKGROUNDWe previously reported that 6 to 12 weeks of dual-chamber (DDD) pacing results in clinical and hemodynamic improvement in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). This study examines the long-term results of DDD pacing in obstructive HCM.METHODS AND RESULTSDDD devices were implanted in 84 patients (mean age, 49 +/- 16 years) with obstructive HCM and severe drug-refractory symptoms. At a mean follow-up of 2.3 +/- 0.8 years (maximum, 3.5 years), the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class had improved significantly (1.6 +/- 0.6 versus 3.2 +/- 0.5, P < .00001). Symptoms were eliminated in 28 patients (33%), improved in 47 patients (56%), but remained unchanged in 7 patients (8%). Two patients died suddenly (97% cumulative 3-year survival rate). In 74 patients with significant left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction at rest, the LVOT gradients were significantly reduced at follow-up (27 +/- 31 versus 96 +/- 41 mm Hg, P < .00001). Symptoms and provokable LVOT gradients were...
N-ALKYL IMIDES AND THEIR REDUCTION BY MEANS OF LITHIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDE (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN-ALKYL IMIDES AND THEIR REDUCTION BY MEANS OF LITHIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDELEONARD M. RICE, E. EMMET REID, and CHARLES H. GROGANCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1954, 19, 6, 884–893Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01371a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01371a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views568Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Galactosaminogalactan, a New Immunosuppressive Polysaccharide of Aspergillus fumigatus (2011)

A new polysaccharide secreted by the human opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus has been characterized. Carbohydrate analysis using specific chemical degradations, mass spectrometry, ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance showed that this polysaccharide is a linear heterogeneous galactosaminogalactan composed of α1-4 linked galactose and α1-4 linked N-acetylgalactosamine residues where both monosacharides are randomly distributed and where the percentage of galactose per chain varied from 15 to 60%. This polysaccharide is antigenic and is recognized by a majority of the human population irrespectively of the occurrence of an Aspergillus infection. GalNAc oligosaccharides are an essential epitope of the galactosaminogalactan that explains the universal antibody reaction due to cross reactivity with other antigenic molecules containing GalNAc stretches such as the N-glycans of Campylobacter jejuni. The galactosaminogalactan has no protective effect during Aspergillus infections. Most importantly, the polysaccharide promotes fungal development in immunocompetent mice due to its immunosuppressive activity associated with disminished neutrophil infiltrates.
IL-17A Promotes RANTES Expression, But Not IL-16, in Orbital Fibroblasts Via CD40-CD40L Combination in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy (2016)

Our results indicate the potent effect of IL-17A-induced RANTES expression on OFs and elaborate a possible mechanism in understanding Th17 cells in the pathology of TAO and its potential as a target to immunotherapy of TAO and other autoimmune disorders.
Computer understanding of air traffic control displays (1985)

Possible aircraft collisions from a display of many aircraft are perceived by a human air traffic controller. In the work described, the computer understands the displayed aircraft conflict data by processing a global semantic representation of the displayed data. Understanding implies that the computer can represent and interpret the displayed data in a manner suggestive of an experienced human controller. The representation is called the conflict structure. The conflict structure and its use by an expert system that performs portions of the enroute air traffic control task are described. An example from a `live' air traffic control training problem is discussed.
173. The free energy of the normal aliphatic alcohols in aqueous solution. Part I. The partial vapour pressures of aqueous solutions of methyl, n-propyl, and n-butyl alcohols. Part II. The solubilities of some normal aliphatic alcohols in water. Part III. The theory of binary solutions, and its application to aqueous-alcoholic solutions (1933)

J. A. V. Butler, D. W. Thomson and W. H. Maclennan, J. Chem. Soc., 1933, 674 DOI: 10.1039/JR9330000674
Preparing School-Based Employment Specialists (1988)

A rationale is presented for the development of specialized personnel preparation programs to train secondary special educators as employment training specialists. A philosophical and theoretical base for this position is outlined, along with the roles and responsibilities these individuals will need to assume in their schools and communities. Finally, details are provided of a graduate-level program at the University of Vermont to train employment training specialists.
Progress in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) (1995)

To help solve breeding problems in cassava that have long eluded conventional strategies, a routine transformation protocol is esential. The agropine-mannopine nondisarmed strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens (CIAT 1182) was selected and used with the binary vector pGV1040. This vector contains the npt II, gus, and bar genes. Inoculations were carried out on cotyledonary leaves obtained from somatic embryos of cassava cultivar M Peru 1983. Following co-cultivation, somatic embryos were induced in a selection medium, supplemented with 16-32 mg/l of Basta. Several Basta-resistant plantlets were obtained. Positive lines were screened, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), together with specific primers for the gus and products analyzed on Southern blots under highly stringent conditions. Only lines showing the presence of both genes were transplanted to pots. Genomic Southern analysis of these plants are new under way
Inhaled Toxicants and Airway Hyperresponsiveness (1992)

Due to the massive data sets available for drug candidates, modern drug discovery has advanced to the big data era. Central to this shift is the development of artificial intelligence approaches to implementing innovative modeling based on the dynamic, ...Read More
A lightweight middleware protocol for ad hoc distributed object computing in ubiquitous computing environments (2004)

Devices in ubiquitous computing environments are usually embedded, wearable, and handheld, have resource constraints, and are all connected to each other through wireless connections and other computers possibly through fixed network infrastructures, such as the Internet. These devices may form numerous webs of short-range and often low-power mobile ad hoc networks to exchange information. Distributed object computing (DOC) middleware technologies have been successful in promoting high quality and reusable distributed software for enterprise-oriented environments. In order to reap the same benefit in ubiquitous computing environments, it is important to note that the natural interactions among distributed objects in ubiquitous computing environments are quite different due to various factors, such as bandwidth constraints, unpredictable device mobility, network topology change, and context-sensitivity (or situation-awareness) of application objects. Hence, the interactions among distributed objects tend to be more spontaneous and short-lived rather than predictable and long-term. In this paper, a middleware protocol, RKF, to facilitate distributed object-based application software to interact in an ad hoc fashion in ubiquitous computing environments is presented. RKF addresses both spontaneous object discovery and context-sensitive object data exchange. Our experimental results, based on RKF's implementation and evaluation inside the object request broker of our RCSM middleware test bed, indicate that it is lightweight, has good performance, and can be easily used in PDA-like devices.
A low-threshold self-referenced Ti:Sapphire optical frequency comb (2006)

We demonstrate an octave-spanning, self-referenced optical frequency comb produced with a high-repetition-rate (frep=585 MHz) femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser that requires less than 1 W of 532 nm pump power. The frequency comb was stabilized to a CW laser as required for optical clocks and low noise frequency synthesis. These results should be relevant for applications that require more-compact and efficient frequency combs.
Preparation and Characterization of Vinyldichlorophosphine, Vinyldimethylphosphine, and Ethyldimethylphosphine<sup>1,2</sup> (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Characterization of Vinyldichlorophosphine, Vinyldimethylphosphine, and Ethyldimethylphosphine1,2H. D. KAESZ and F. G. A. STONECite this: J. Org. Chem. 1959, 24, 5, 635–637Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01087a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01087a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views300Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phenolic Resins (2000)

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Physical Properties 3. Raw Materials 3.1. Phenols 3.2. Aldehydes 3.3. Catalysts 4. Production 4.1. Novolacs 4.2. Resols 4.3. Phenolic Resins Modified by Natural Resins 4.4. Phenolic Resins with Special Properties 4.5. Wastewater 5. Storage and Transportation 6. Testing and Analysis 7. Uses 7.1. Novolacs 7.1.1. Cross-Linked Novolacs 7.1.2. Novolacs without Cross-Linking 7.2. Resols 7.2.1. Water-Soluble Resols 7.2.2. Resols in Organic Solvents 7.2.3. Alkylphenol Resols 7.3. Phenolic Resins Modified by Natural Resins 7.4. Waterborne Paints, Phenol Ether Resins 7.5. High-Temperature Coking 8. Economic Aspects 9. Toxicology and Occupational Health
Kinetics of Homologous Urea-soluble 131I-Fibrin and 125I-Fibrinogen in Rabbits (1975)

In order to study the in vivo behaviour of soluble fibrin, purified rabbit 13I-fibrinogen was clotted in the presence of EDTA (0.005 M) and aprotinin (100 units/ml), the generated clot dissolved in buffered urea (3.0 M, pH 7.4), and the formed ureasoluble 131I-fibrin injected into rabbits. The behaviour of homologous 125I-fibrinogen was simultaneously studied in the same animals. Results: The distribution volume of 131I-fibrin (44 ml/kg) as well as that of 125I-fibrinogen (45 ml/kf) was nearly identical indicating that the injected soluble fibrin was homogenously distributed in the circulation immediately after injection. The elimination of soluble fibrin from the circulating blood did not represent a monophasic exponential decay. 84% (range: 77–94%) of the injected soluble fibrin disappeared from the circulation during the first 24 hours after injection, whereas only 54% (range: 41–72%) of the injected fibrinogen disappeared during that interval. Under these experimental conditions, the T/2 of fibrinogen was 46 hours. The clearance of urea-soluble fibrin did not influence the kinetics of 13I-fibrinogen. The disappearance of soluble fibrin could not be influenced by treating the animals with aprotinin for fibrinolysis inhibition. The experiments demonstrate that soluble fibrin can be traced in the circulation and cleared from the blood by a mechanism independent of the fibrinolytic system. (Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bad Godesberg, Germany.)