gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis C virus non-structural protein NS3 interacts with LMP7, a component of the immunoproteasome, and affects its proteasome activity (2004)

NS3, a non-structural protein of the HCV (hepatitis C virus), contains a protease and a helicase domain and plays essential roles in the processing of the viral polyprotein, viral RNA replication and translation. LMP7 (low-molecular-mass protein 7), a component of the immunoproteasome, was identified as an NS3-binding protein from yeast two-hybrid screens, and this interaction was confirmed by in vitro binding and co-immunoprecipitation analysis. The minimal domain of interaction was defined to be between the pro-sequence region of LMP7 (amino acids 1-40) and the protease domain of NS3. To elucidate the biological importance of this interaction, we studied the effect of this interaction on NS3 protease activity and on LMP7 immunoproteasome activity. Recombinant LMP7 did not have any effect on NS3 protease activity in vitro. The peptidase activities of LMP7 immunoproteasomes, however, were markedly reduced when tested in a stable cell line containing a HCV subgenomic replicon. The down-regulation of proteasome peptidase activities could interfere with the processing of viral antigens for presentation by MHC class I molecules, and may thus protect HCV from host immune surveillance mechanisms to allow persistent infection by the virus.
Tris(8‐hydroxyquinolinato)gallium(III)‐Loaded Copolymer Micelles as Cytotoxic Nanoconstructs for Cosolvent‐Free Organometallic Drug Delivery (2011)

Therapeutically useful concentrations of the water-insoluble organometallic drug, tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)gallium(III), are delivered to haematological cell lines without the need for toxic cosolvents. Delivery is by sequestration into aqueous micelles of a poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(propylene glycol)/poly(ethylene glycol) triblock copolymer using a facile method based on emulsion-mediated evaporation. The drug-loaded micelles function as a cell cycle inhibitor and cause cell death by a dose-dependent increase in apoptosis. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
<i>In vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> assessment of brain bioenergetics in aging rats (2009)

Brain energy disorders can be present in aged men and animals. To this respect, the mitochondrial and free radical theory of aging postulates that age-associated brain energy disorders are caused by an imbalance between pro- and anti-oxidants that can result in oxidative stress. Our study was designed to investigate brain energy metabolism and the activity of endogenous antioxidants during their lifespan in male Wistar rats. In vivo brain bioenergetics were measured using ³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and in vitro by polarographic analysis of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. When compared to the young controls, a significant decrease of age-dependent mitochondrial respiration and adenosine-3-phosphate (ATP) production measured in vitro correlated with significant reduction of forward creatine kinase reaction (kfor) and with an increase in phosphocreatine (PCr)/ATP, PCr/Pi and PME/ATP ratio measured in vivo. The levels of enzymatic antioxidants catalase, GPx and GST significantly decreased in the brain tissue as well as in the peripheral blood of aged rats. We suppose that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative inactivation of endogenous enzymes may participate in age-related disorders of brain energy metabolism.
Enhancement of SSD by concatenating feature maps for object detection (2017)

We propose an object detection method that improves the accuracy of the conventional SSD (Single Shot Multibox Detector), which is one of the top object detection algorithms in both aspects of accuracy and speed. The performance of a deep network is known to be improved as the number of feature maps increases. However, it is difficult to improve the performance by simply raising the number of feature maps. In this paper, we propose and analyze how to use feature maps effectively to improve the performance of the conventional SSD. The enhanced performance was obtained by changing the structure close to the classifier network, rather than growing layers close to the input data, e.g., by replacing VGGNet with ResNet. The proposed network is suitable for sharing the weights in the classifier networks, by which property, the training can be faster with better generalization power. For the Pascal VOC 2007 test set trained with VOC 2007 and VOC 2012 training sets, the proposed network with the input size of 300 x 300 achieved 78.5% mAP (mean average precision) at the speed of 35.0 FPS (frame per second), while the network with a 512 x 512 sized input achieved 80.8% mAP at 16.6 FPS using Nvidia Titan X GPU. The proposed network shows state-of-the-art mAP, which is better than those of the conventional SSD, YOLO, Faster-RCNN and RFCN. Also, it is faster than Faster-RCNN and RFCN.
10-Gb/s Optical Transceiver Using the Yuen 2000 Encryption Protocol (2010)

A 10-Gb/s optical transceiver using the Yuen 2000 (Y-00) encryption protocol was developed. The key device in the transceiver, a 10-GS/s, 10-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) LSI, was fabricated using 0.25-μm SiGe BiCMOS technology. Circuit techniques such as segmented architecture, parasitic capacitance separation using the base-common transistor, and the usage of a common mode logic (CML) driver were employed to minimize glitches. The Y-00 transceiver equipped with the DAC LSI operated at 10 Gb/s. Moreover, a 300-km transmission experiment performed at a data rate of 10 Gb/s proved that the developed transceiver can be used in a practical application when forward error correction is applied.
The use of shibboleth words for automatically classifying speakers by dialect (2002)

Real-world applications using speech recognition must perform well over a range of dialects. Differences in dialect between the speakers in the training database and the target users often leads to degraded recognition performance. For the BBN Hark hidden Markov model (HMM) based system, we have already developed a reasonably effective technique for dealing with multiple US dialects. The solution involves building separate HMM sets for each dialect from representative training speech data. This requires that training speakers be accurately classified by dialect, which is difficult to do reliably even by hand. In this paper, we describe a recognition-based pseudo-automatic scheme for partitioning a pool of American English training speakers into groups, such that the speakers within each group share the same pronunciation characteristics. Our scheme is speech-data driven, and involves using transcript-level word hypotheses generated by a recognizer to partition the pool of training speakers.
Multimedia Image and Video Processing (2000)

From the Publisher:
Multimedia stands as one of the most challenging and excitingaspects of the information era. Although there are books available that deal with various facets of multimedia, the field has urgently needed a comprehensive look at recent developments in the systems, processing, and applications of image and video data in a multimedia environment.
Multimedia Image and Video Processing fills that need. Beginning with existing standards and their impact on multimedia image and video processing, experts from around the world address a broad spectrum of topics in a tutorial style.
Their authoritative contributions cover the pros and cons of current and new architectures, conventional and intelligent image processing techniques, new developments in the compression and coding of video and images, and content-based image and video retrieval. The book's final chapters examine new results in multimedia applications, including transcoding for multipoint video conferencing, distance education, video-on-demand and telemedicine.
The extremely rapid growth of this field means that books even just a few years old may offer information that is already obsolete. Multimedia Image and Video Processing offers not only state-of-the-art research and developments, but does so in a way that provides a solid introduction to each topic and builds a basis for future study, research, and development.
A phase 1 dose-escalation study: safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of FBS0701, a novel oral iron chelator for the treatment of transfusional iron overload (2010)

Pharmacokinetics showed dose-proportionality. The maxium plasma concentration (C(max)) was reached within 60-90 minutes of dosing and the drug was rapidly distributed at the predicted therapeutic doses. The plasma elimination half-life (t(1/2)) was approximately 19 hours. There were no serious adverse events associated with the drug. Conclusions On the basis of these safety and pharmacokinetic data, FBS0701 warrants further clinical evaluation in patients with transfusional iron overload. (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01186419).
Data masking techniques for NoSQL database security: A systematic review (2017)

This paper first presents an in-depth study of potential security vulnerabilities in MongoDB and Cassandra, two popular NoSQL databases. We provide examples of attacks. We then explore some popular data masking techniques as ways of mitigating security threats in these databases.
Multispectral Imaging using Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Embedded Vertical Silicon Nanowires (2013)

We demonstrate the use of vertical silicon nanowires for multispectral imaging. The eight filter functions of our filter array are defined in a single lithography step. We show both visible color and near-infrared imaging.
Suppression of the unwanted response of an SC-cut crystal unit (2002)

Research on the radius of curvature of plano-convex crystal wafers and the beveling operation for the purpose of suppressing the unwanted response of the 3rd overtone 5-MHz SC-cut crystal units to be used in an OCXO (oven-controlled crystal oscillator) is discussed. An SC-cut crystal unit whose unwanted responses are suppressed has superior frequency temperature characteristics, free from activity dips. Measurement of the equivalent circuit parameter revealed that the Q value is 2.14*10/sup 6/, the capacitance ratio is 1.78*10/sup 4/, the equivalent resistance is 80 Omega and the motional inductance is 5.5 H. The OCXO using an SC-cut crystal unit whose unwanted responses are suppressed, has a phase noise of -105 dBc/Hz in terms of 1-Hz offset frequency from the carrier. Thermal hysteresis and the orientation effect of frequency are on the order of 10/sup -10/, while the aging rate is 2*10/sup -9/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reversal theory: motivation, emotion and personality (1989)

Represents the most concise and complete statement to date on the theory, and on the research which it has generated. This book should be of interest to undergraduate students in personality, motivation, emotion, experimental psychology; postgraduate students in clinical psychology and counselling.
An Enzyme-Bound Bisubstrate Hybrid Inhibitor of Adenylosuccinate Synthetase (1999)

Two relatively weak herbicides, hydantocidin phosphate and hadacidin were linked by a C(3) chain to afford a potent inhibitor (the 2S hybrid is shown) of the enzyme adenylosuccinate synthetase. The crystal structures of the bisubstrate-enzyme complexes were determined.
Diuretic Therapy (1998)

Diuretic drugs are widely used for the treatment of patients with edema. Among these drugs, loop diuretics such as furosemide are perhaps the most frequently prescribed, and their clinical pharmacology is better understood than is that of other diuretics. This review will therefore focus on this class of diuretics, but others will be discussed as well.Clinical Pharmacology of DiureticsPharmacokineticsThe pharmacologic characteristics of all loop diuretics are similar. Therefore, a lack of response to adequate doses of one loop diuretic militates against the administration of another loop diuretic; instead, combinations of diuretics with different mechanisms of action should . . .
Vector taylor series expansion with auditory masking for noise robust speech recognition (2016)

In this paper, we address the problem of speech recognition in the presence of additive noise. We investigate the applicability and efficacy of auditory masking in devising a robust front end for noisy features. This is achieved by introducing a masking factor into the Vector Taylor Series (VTS) equations. The resultant first order VTS approximation is used to compensate the parameters of a clean speech model and a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) estimate is used to estimate the clean speech features. The proposed algorithms are validated through experiments on a noise corrupted TIMIT speech recognition database. We show significant performance gain for the proposed method as compared to the traditional VTS algorithm.
Controller design for three-phase inverter with power unbalanced loads applied in microgrids (2015)

In this paper, a control scheme for three-phase inverter applied in microgrids is presented, which ensures the three-phase output voltages balanced under power unbalanced loads. Based on the analysis of the output impedance, a proportional-resonant controller is utilized in the inner current-loop to reduce negative-sequence impedance of the inverter. Thus, the controller compensates the voltage distortions caused by 2ω disturbances under power unbalanced loads in synchronous reference frame. Furthermore, by implementing the virtual impedance with a notch filter in microgrids, a trade-off performance between the unbalanced power sharing and the output voltage quality is achieved very well. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme has been validated by a prototype consisting of two-40-kVA parallel-connected three-phase inverter system.
Comparison between Tribological Characteristics of Al-Cu-Fe-B Quasicrystalline and Mo Coatings (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Application of Genetic Algorithm to Ship Route Optimization in Ice Navigation (2013)

Global warming by excessive carbon emission has made the earth’s temperature increasing. It has led to worldwide climate changes and even unexpected natural disasters. On the contrary to those troubles, shipping and oil companies take the unfavorable conditions into new business chances to extend their business range because the rising temperature opens new money-making opportunities around the arctic area. This study’s purpose is to develop an effective and reliable ice navigation algorithm for arctic sea route. The authors employ genetic algorithm to find an optimal navigation path in the ice infested environment. The algorithm was tested on an arctic area map constructed from the ice prediction model, which consists of longitude, latitude, ice thickness, ice concentration, and terrain elevation data. The simulation result provides an economical and safe route within a reasonable computation time.
Sezary cell morphology induced in peripheral blood lymphocytes: re- evaluation (1989)

In this study we examined the effect of mitogens and epidermal cells in inducing a Sézary cell morphology in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from six healthy volunteers were stimulated with the mitogens phytohemaglutinin and concanavalin A, and also cocultivated with human epidermal cell cultures. Incubation times with mitogens and epidermal cells were four days and stimulation of the lymphocytes by mitogens was confirmed by standard 3H-thymidine uptake. Standard transmission electron microscopy showed that in the mitogen-driven system 20% to 60% (33 +/- 15%) and in the epidermal cell-driven system 5% to 15% (8 +/- 4%) of the lymphoid cells exhibited mild to moderate indentation of the nuclei with nuclear contour indices (NCI) of 4.6 to 6.5 but no Sézary cells were observed (cells with NCI greater than 6.5 and up to 19.2). In the mitogen-stimulated preparation 2% to 5% (3 +/- 1%) of the lymphoid cells showed nuclear multilobulation resembling the cells seen in adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia. Incubation of mononuclear cells for longer periods of up to 4 weeks with mitogens and exogenous IL-2 resulted in no further morphologic changes. Using an indirect immunogold technique at the electron microscopic level, the cells showing nuclear indentation or lobulation were shown to bear both T helper (CD4) and T suppressor (CD8) cell phenotypes in a similar ratio to the total numbers of T helper and T suppressor cells present. Mitogens and epidermal cells are thus not able to induce a morphologic change to Sézary cells in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes.
Imaging Nicotine in Rat Brain Tissue by Use of Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (2012)

Imaging mass spectrometry offers simultaneous spatially resolved detection of drugs, drug metabolites, and endogenous substances in a single experiment. This is important when evaluating effects of a drug on a complex organ system such as the brain, where there is a need to understand how regional drug distribution impacts function. Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization, nano-DESI, is a new ambient technique that enables spatially resolved analysis of a variety of samples without special sample pretreatment. This study introduces an experimental approach for accurate spatial mapping of drugs and metabolites in tissue sections by nano-DESI imaging. In this approach, an isotopically labeled standard is added to the nano-DESI solvent to compensate for matrix effects and ion suppression. The analyte image is obtained by normalizing the analyte signal to the signal of the standard in each pixel. We demonstrate that the presence of internal standard enables online quantification of analyte molecules extracted from tissue sections. Ion images are subsequently mapped to the anatomical brain regions in the analyzed section by use of an atlas mesh deformed to match the optical image of the section. Atlas-based registration accounts for the physical variability between animals, which is important for data interpretation. The new approach was used for mapping the distribution of nicotine in rat brain tissue sections following in vivo drug administration. We demonstrate the utility of nano-DESI imaging for sensitive detection of the drug in tissue sections with subfemtomole sensitivity in each pixel of a 27 μm × 150 μm area. Such sensitivity is necessary for spatially resolved detection of low-abundance molecules in complex matrices.
Improvement of temperature uniformity in microwave‐reheated rice by optimizing heat/hold cycle (2002)

Abstract A mathematical model using a finite difference method was established to predict the temperature distribution of a microwave‐heated food tray. The model was linked with an optimization algorithm to minimize temperature non‐uniformity in the microwave‐reheating of a cooked rice package. The mathematical model developed was validated by comparing the predicted and measured temperatures, and was used to obtain the optimum heat/hold cycle. Temperature non‐uniformity was predicted to increase initially with time and then decrease after the surface corner temperature reached around 100 °C. Minimized temperature non‐uniformity was thus attained with the longest heating time, satisfying the highest allowable average temperature under the appropriate number of heat/hold cycles. The control strategy may serve as a useful concept in food service, to improve the heating uniformity of microwaveable dishes.
Lithium and Other Alkali Metal Polymerization Catalysts (1957)

Lithium differs from the other alkali metals in that it directs the polymerization of butadiene or isoprene predominantly to 1,4 addition structures. In the case of lithium-catalyzed polyisoprene, the 1,4 addition structures are all cis. The other alkali metals direct the polymerization of butadiene largely to the 1,2 addition structure and isoprene largely to the 3,4 addition structure. The differences in physical properties, accompanying the structural variations mentioned above, are illustrated by the example of lithium-catalyzed polybutadiene. Lithium, sodium, and potassium are used most conveniently as polymerization catalysts by converting them to metal dispersions in petroleum jelly or other inert hydrocarbons. Special care must be used in handling rubidium or cesium metal.
Large-Scale Preparation of Factor VIIa from Human Plasma: A Case Study (2005)

Human factor VII (FVII) is a glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 50 kDa, is synthesized in the liver as a single-chain precursor of activated FVII (FVIIa), and it circulates in the blood at a plasma concentration of 0.5 μ/mL. FVIIa is a serine protease, generated by limited proteolysis of zymogen FVII by activated factors Xa (FXa) or IXa (FIXa) in vivo. Upon binding to its receptor, cofactor tissue factor (TF), FVIIa gains full catalytic activity and triggers the extrinsic blood coagulation pathway, activating its substrates, factors X (FX) and IX (FIX).
Real-time image processing for motion planning based on realistic sensor data (2010)

Moving in unknown environments requires real-time processing of sensor information for map reconstruction and navigation. In case of stereo image processing results have to be available in time even if high computational costs occur. This paper addresses the problem of real-time image processing for motion planning on realistic sensor information, based on stereo camera images. Ensuring hard real-time with complex algorithms on modern computer architectures is difficult to realize due to unpredictable execution times. To solve this problem a scheduling scheme based on task pairs can be used to avoid an unpredicted state after a deadline violation. A new two level scheduler as extension of RTAI/Linux will be introduced. This new scheduling scheme allows to use AnyTime algorithms, which can provide results even if the task is not finished. A SURF algorithm used for stereo image processing and map reconstruction was modified to match the AnyTime concept: First results are made available early and are improved over time. To prevent a deadline violation the task will be stopped and available results are provided. Furthermore it is shown how the SURF data are used for map reconstruction from different viewpoints. Design considerations, implementation and results will be shown.