gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct Demonstration of P-Selectin– and VCAM-1–Dependent Mononuclear Cell Rolling in Early Atherosclerotic Lesions of Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice (1999)

Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice develop atherosclerotic lesions throughout the arterial tree, including the carotid bifurcation. Although the expression of adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and P-selectin on endothelium that overlie atherosclerotic plaques has been implicated in monocyte recruitment to developing lesions, monocyte adhesion in atherosclerotic vessels has not been observed directly. To investigate which adhesion molecules may be important in monocyte adhesion to atherosclerotic lesions, an isolated mouse carotid artery preparation was developed and perfused with mononuclear cells. We show rolling and attachment of the human monocytic cell line U937 and the mouse monocyte-macrophage cell line P388D1 in carotid arteries from 10- to 12-week-old ApoE-/- and C57BL/6 wild-type mice fed a Western-type diet (21% fat wt/wt) for 4 to 5 weeks. No rolling was observed in carotid arteries from C57BL/6 or BALB/c wild-type mice fed a chow diet and little was observed in BALB/c mice fed a Western-type diet. This model represents early lesion development as shown by minimal macrophage infiltration in the intima of carotid arteries from ApoE-/- mice fed a Western-type diet. Rolling was observed at shear stresses that were characteristic of the low-shear recirculation zone near the carotid bifurcation. Mononuclear cell attachment and rolling were significantly inhibited by monoclonal antibody blockade of P-selectin or its leukocyte ligand P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1. Rolling velocities increased after monoclonal antibody blockade of mononuclear cell alpha4-integrin or VCAM-1, which indicates that alpha4-integrin interacting with VCAM-1 stabilizes rolling interactions and prolongs monocyte transit times.
Partitioning of Skim Milk Components as a Function of pH, Acidulant, and Temperature During Membrane Processing (1992)

Skim milk was concentrated using a DDS-20 UF reverse osmosis module equipped with DDS HC-50 nanofiltration membranes. Temperatures were controlled over a range of 10 to 50'C. The pH of the milk was controlled with lactic acid and citric acid over a range of 5.6 to 6.8. Lower pH and lower temperatures improved component retention of the gross milk components, protein, lactose, and ash. Total solids, protein, and ash quantities in the retentates showed a significant pH effect on a wet basis and, in addition to lactose, on a dry basis. Protein, lactose, and ash quantities in the permeates showed a significant temperature effect on a wet basis, and ash showed a significant pH effect on both a wet basis and a dry basis. Fat was only detected in the retentates and at very low amounts only because skim milk was used. After concentration to approximately twofold by volume, permeated solids increased in all cases, and levels were higher at higher pH and temperatures. Ion partitioning as a function of temperature and pH was determined for samples by inductively coupled plasma analysis. Amounts of P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, and Zn showed a significant pH effect on both a wet basis and a dry basis. A significant temperature effect was shown for A1 and Na on a wet basis and for Al, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, and Cr on a dry basis.
Plastic adaptation toward mutations in proteins: Structural comparison of thymidylate synthases (1990)

The structure of thymidylate synthase (TS) from Escherichia coli was solved from cubic crystals with a = 133 A grown under reducing conditions at pH 7.0, and refined to R = 22% at 2.1 A resolution. The structure is compared with that from Lactobacillus casei solved to R = 21% at 2.3 A resolution. The structures are compared using a difference distance matrix, which identifies a common core of residues that retains the same relationship to one another in both species. After subtraction of the effects of a 50 amino acid insert present in Lactobacillus casei, differences in position of atoms correlate with temperature factors and with distance from the nearest substituted residue. The dependence of structural difference on thermal factor is parameterized and reflects both errors in coordinates that correlate with thermal factor, and the increased width of the energy well in which atoms of high thermal factor lie. The dependence of structural difference on distance from the nearest substitution also depends on thermal factors and shows an exponential dependence with half maximal effect at 3.0 A from the substitution. This represents the plastic accommodation of the protein which is parameterized in terms of thermal B factor and distance from a mutational change.
Consideraciones sobre el artículo de Horacio Capel contestando a Jean-Pierre Garnier (2011)

A la vista del debate Capel-Garnier, se destaca el papel del derecho y, particularmente, del derecho urbanistico, en el proceso de cambio social.
Studies of MoS2 structures produced by electron irradiation (1996)

In this letter, we report the study of MoS2 crystals after irradiation with a high dose of electrons. A pelletron accelerator was used to irradiate the sample with electrons at an energy of 0.5 MeV. Samples were examined in high resolution electron microscopy. Two main structures were observed: onion layers with fullerene like structure and others with their planes rotated with respect to each other by well-defined angles. We present a calculation showing that relative rotation of the sulphur layers by 3°, 5°, 8°, and 16° basically have the same average energy as the unrotated structure. Therefore rotations of the layers through those angles will be favored. Instability on the structure produced by irradiation will induce rotations on the structure.
Improvements on the Cramer-Rao bound (1991)

In the context of nonrandom parameter estimation from a finite set of observations, the situation associated with weak Cramer-Rao bounds is addressed. It is shown that it is possible to improve the Cramer-Rao bound by incorporating higher-order derivatives of the joint probability density function (PDF) such that the sequence (of bounds) so generated converges to a definite limit. The limit so obtained is shown to coincide with the variance of the actual uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator (UMVUE) for this parameter, provided the underlying PDF is of the Korpman-Darmois exponential family. This technique also provides a constructive procedure to evaluate the UMVUE for any unknown parameter (or its functions) contained in the data. From a practical standpoint this is useful, since this procedure only involves the first-/and higher-order derivatives of the joint PDF and their cross covariance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Some recent magnetic induced-polarization developments; Part II, Survey results (1980)

Abstract Because magnetic induced-polarization (MIP) field measurements reflect polarization current both in the interior of polarizable bodies and in the external medium (return current), an interesting variety of response types, depending upon the distribution of ground conductivities and polarization, has been observed in field surveys. Most of the survey results obtained to date have been amenable to interpretation on the basis of the theoretical and model studies, although some unexplained aspects exist.One interesting type of response is that associated with massive, highly conducting sulfide bodies. These often show reversed polarity anomalies because they provide a channel for the return polarization current due to disseminated sulfides which are adjacent to them. The massive sulfide bodies themselves do not produce appreciable induced-polarization (IP) effects due to their high-conductivity contrast with surrounding rocks.The results of ten MIP surveys over known metallic mineral deposits are presented from Australia, and one is presented from Canada. Both time-domain (transient) and frequency-domain (complex conductivity) measurements have been made on different deposits.
Hydroformylation with a Rhodium/Bulky Phosphite Modified Catalyst. A Comparison of the Catalyst Behavior for Oct-1-ene, Cyclohexene, and Styrene (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydroformylation with a Rhodium/Bulky Phosphite Modified Catalyst. A Comparison of the Catalyst Behavior for Oct-1-ene, Cyclohexene, and StyreneAnnemiek van Rooy, Edwin N. Orij, Paul C. J. Kamer, and Piet W. N. M. van LeeuwenCite this: Organometallics 1995, 14, 1, 34–43Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00001a010https://doi.org/10.1021/om00001a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1197Altmetric-Citations244LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The 2003 Bam (Iran) earthquake: Rupture of a blind strike‐slip fault (2004)

An M w 6.5 earthquake devastated the town of Bam in southeast Iran on 26 December 2003. Surface displacements and decorrelation effects, mapped using Envisat radar data, reveal that over 2 m of slip occurred at depth on a fault that had not previously been identified. It is common for earthquakes to occur on blind faults which, despite their name, usually produce long‐term surface effects by which their existence may be recognised. However, in this case there is a complete absence of morphological features associated with the seismogenic fault that destroyed Bam.
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyridine and pyrazine derivatives obtained from amidoximes (2009)

Abstract magnified image The new pyridine, 4‐pyridine N ‐oxide and pyrazine derivatives exhibiting an antibacterial activity have been synthesized. Amidoximes were transformed into N ‐hydroxyimidoyl chlorides and then into appropriate oximes. Upon treatment of pyridinecaboxamidoximes with methyl iodide 1‐methylpyridynium iodides were formed. Reaction of amidoximes with various carbamoyl chlorides led to corresponding 5‐aminocarbonyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazoles. Some of carboxamides have undergone thermal decarboxylation to tertiary amines. The newly synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for their tuberculostatic activity. MIC of the most active compound 9 was 12.5 μg/mL for H 37 Rv strain. Their activity towards 25 strains of anaerobic and 25 strains of aerobic bacteria was also studied. Derivative 18 was active against both aerobic and anaerobic types of the bacteria. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2009).
A Kinetic Monte Carlo Approach to Study Transport in Amorphous Silicon (2015)

The constant innovation of devices in the semiconductor industry to improve performance to meet very specific demands has led to the study and exploration of a host of new materials. The use of ternary and quaternary materials, organic materials, amorphous silicon are a few examples of promising alternatives to traditional crystalline silicon. However, the use of novel materials presents a unique challenge for a theoretical analysis using device simulation. Traditional device simulation methods are sometimes not enough to capture the nuances of transport. In this paper we study transport through amorphous silicon to evaluate it's role in a-Si/c-Si HIT Cell and it's potential for other device operations by the use of Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) method. As an amorphous materials lack long range order, it is near impossible to create a bandstructure for it and conduct Ensemble Monte Carlo (EMC) simulations to study transport through the material. Also, the presence of many defects creates localized states below the conduction band which facilitates hopping transport. As hopping transport happens through a series of capture and emission processes, the time scales of these mechanisms render the use of a traditional EMC unfeasible. It is crucial to understand the nature of the defects/traps that are present in the amorphous material. Understanding defect assisted transport is the key to understanding how the amorphous silicon layer will affect overall device performance. Defect assisted transport (DAT) can be conducted in the amorphous material through various different mechanisms such as capture of carriers by a defect, tunneling emission, Pool-Frenkel emission, defect to defect transition etc. Using the Kinetic Monte Carlo approach we will be able to simulate individual charge carriers that interact with point like defects over a period of time. However, the transient nature of the KMC is not limited to short time scales. Also, the suggested method can be used to study the effect of many transition mechanisms. This method facilitates the simulation of the many individual steps in a Markovian chain that mimics carriers moving through various defects. We study hopping transport through a triangular barrier with use of phonon assisted mechanisms to analyze current and carrier transit times. The distribution function is also analyzed before and after defect assisted transport. One of our primary objectives is to study the role played by the amorphous silicon layer in determining overall device performance of a-Si/c-Si HIT Cell.
Two distinct domains contribute to the substrate acyl chain length selectivity of plant acyl-ACP thioesterase (2018)

Abstract The substrate specificity of acyl-ACP thioesterase (TE) plays an essential role in controlling the fatty acid profile produced by type II fatty acid synthases. Here we identify two groups of residues that synergistically determine different substrate specificities of two acyl-ACP TEs from Cuphea viscosissima (CvFatB1 and CvFatB2). One group (V194, V217, N223, R226, R227, and I268 in CvFatB2) is critical in determining the structure and depth of a hydrophobic cavity in the N-terminal hotdog domain that binds the substrate’s acyl moiety. The other group (255-RKLSKI-260 and 285-RKLPKL-289 in CvFatB2) defines positively charged surface patches that may facilitate binding of the ACP moiety. Mutagenesis of residues within these two groups results in distinct synthetic acyl-ACP TEs that efficiently hydrolyze substrates with even shorter chains (C4- to C8-ACPs). These insights into structural determinants of acyl-ACP TE substrate specificity are useful in modifying this enzyme for tailored fatty acid production in engineered organisms.
Cellular Retinol-binding Protein Type III Is Needed for Retinoid Incorporation into Milk (2005)

The physiologic role(s) of cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP)-III, an intracellular retinol-binding protein that is expressed solely in heart, muscle, adipose, and mammary tissue, remains to be elucidated. To address this, we have generated and characterized CRBP-III-deficient (CRBP-III(-/-)) mice. Mice that lack CRBP-III were viable and healthy but displayed a marked impairment in retinoid incorporation into milk. Milk obtained from CRBP-III(-/-) dams contains significantly less retinyl ester, especially retinyl palmitate, than milk obtained from wild type dams. We demonstrated that retinol bound to CRBP-III is an excellent substrate for lecithin-retinol acyltransferase, the enzyme responsible for catalyzing retinyl ester formation from retinol. Our data indicated that the diminished milk retinyl ester levels arise from impaired utilization of retinol by lecithin-retinol acyltransferase in CRBP-III(-/-) mice. Interestingly, CRBP-I and CRBP-III each appeared to compensate for the absence of the other, specifically in mammary tissue, adipose tissue, muscle, and heart. For CRBP-III(-/-) mice, CRBP-I protein levels were markedly elevated in adipose tissue and mammary gland. In addition, in CRBP-I(-/-) mice, CRBP-III protein levels were elevated in tissues that normally express CRBP-III but were not elevated in other tissues that do not normally express CRBP-III. Our data suggested that CRBP-I and CRBP-III share some physiologic actions within tissues and that each can compensate for the absence of the other to help maintain normal retinoid homeostasis. However, under conditions of high demand for retinoid, such as those experienced during lactation, this compensation was incomplete.
Patterning of organic photovoltaic modules by ultrafast laser (2013)

Abstract In this paper, we demonstrate that laser patterning of organic solar cells by ultrafast laser systems (pulse length <350 fs) is an attractive process to produce photovoltaic modules with outstanding high geometric fill factors. Moreover, in terms of precision, registration, and debris generation and in terms of keeping the damage to the underneath layers at a minimum, ultrafast laser patterning with a pulse length of few hundreds of femtoseconds turns out to yield superior results. Ablation of all three different solar cell layers (electrodes (P1 and P3) and interfaces and semiconductor (P2)) is achieved with a single wavelength simply by a precise adjustment of the laser fluence and the patterning overlap. Camera positioning allows a precise registration between the various processing steps and a reduction of the width of the overall interconnection regime to the hundreds of micrometers dimension, resulting in high geometrical fill factors of over 90% for monolithically interconnected organic solar cell modules. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Offloading Strategy in Mobile Cloud Computing Considering Energy and Delay Constraints (2018)

With the expansion of wireless networks throughout the world and the high growth rate of the use of sophisticated programs in mobile devices, users' expectations for the services provided by these devices have increased. Mobile devices have some limitations, such as battery life time and processing power for delivering all types of services to users. In recent years, mobile cloud computing, which is a phenomenal branch of cloud computing, has achieved considerable evolution in the computing community. By considering the advantage of offloading to the cloud, the limitations of mobile devices can be overcome to a great extent. A mobile device can be converted to a powerful device by applying cloud resources. The outstanding challenges in offloading are finding an optimum solution for the offloading problem to overcome these limitations. In this paper, offloading is modeled via a mathematical graph where both Wi-Fi and 3G links are topics of concern. Finding the best solution for offloading is equivalent to finding the constrained shortest path in this graph. By considering the K-LARAC and M-LARAC heuristic algorithms, a new heuristic algorithm is introduced to find the optimized path that can assess energy and delay, at a minimum, financial cost. This path is an appropriate solution for the offloading problem. The obtained results indicate that the designed algorithm can find an arbitrary approximation solution for the offloading problem with low complexity in comparison to existing algorithms.
City Branding and Sustainable Destination Management (2021)

The hospitality and tourism industry has struggled to deal with the challenges faced after the COVID-19 pandemic began in 2020 [...]
Low power consumption bipolar resistive switching characteristics of ZnO-based memory devices (2011)

Ag/ZnO/Pt structure resistive switching devices are fabricated by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The memory devices exhibit stable and reversible resistive switching behavior. The ratio of high resistance state to low resistance state can reach as high as 10 2 . The retention measurement indicates that the memory property of these devices can be maintained for a long time (over 10 4 s under 0.1-V durable stress). Moreover, the operation voltages are very low, -0.4 V (OFF state) and 0.8 V (ON state). A high-voltage forming process is not required in the initial state, and multi-step reset process is demonstrated. Resistive switching device with the Ag/ZnO/ITO structure is constructed for comparison with the Ag/ZnO/Pt device.
Quadrupole Field in Circular Concave Electrodes (1969)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Tomonao Hayashi, Noriyuki Sakudo; Quadrupole Field in Circular Concave Electrodes. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 January 1969; 40 (1): 190. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1683737 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Copper and iron homeostasis in <i>Arabidopsis</i>: responses to metal deficiencies, interactions and biotechnological applications (2007)

Plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms to tightly control the acquisition and distribution of copper and iron in response to environmental fluctuations. Recent studies with Arabidopsis thaliana are allowing the characterization of the diverse families and components involved in metal uptake, such as metal-chelate reductases and plasma membrane transporters. In parallel, emerging data on both intra- and intercellular metal distribution, as well as on long-distance transport, are contributing to the understanding of metal homeostatic networks in plants. Furthermore, gene expression analyses are deciphering coordinated mechanisms of regulation and response to copper and iron limitation. Prioritizing the use of metals in essential versus dispensable processes, and substituting specific metalloproteins by other metal counterparts, are examples of plant strategies to optimize copper and iron utilization. The metabolic links between copper and iron homeostasis are well documented in yeast, algae and mammals. In contrast, interactions between both metals in vascular plants remain controversial, mainly owing to the absence of copper-dependent iron acquisition. This review describes putative interactions between both metals at different levels in plants. The characterization of plant copper and iron homeostasis should lead to biotechnological applications aimed at the alleviation of iron deficiency and copper contamination and, thus, have a beneficial impact on agricultural and human health problems.