gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Touchscreen-based input technique for people with intention tremor (2010)

Patients with a tremor find it often very difficult to handle IT Systems and therefore attain very low levels of efficiency when doing so. The currently available user interfaces do not guarantee a sufficient precision when data input and selection is performed. People suffering from a intention tremor observe a significant increase in their tremor when approaching their input “destination” on the screen which further increases their discontent towards the process. For this target group a new method of data input has been developed and evaluated, which allows the patient or generally the affected user to input data with a wiping technique on a touch screen. Variations caused by the tremor are compensated with a continuous movement rather than a single direct movement towards a target area. Additionally, the screen surface causes a significant friction and helps to reduce the effects of the tremor. Specially designed heuristics help to identify the user input with a high accuracy and enable a barrier free access among the target group.
Properties of laser ablated porous silicon (1996)

Luminescent films of porous silicon were obtained by laser ablation of crystalline silicon. The spectral and temporal characteristics of light emission from laser ablated porous silicon (LAPS) films critically depend on the chemical composition of the atmosphere in which they were fabricated. Luminescent characteristics, spatial structure, and chemical composition of LAPS were compared with the properties of porous silicon obtained by a standard electrochemical method on the same silicon substrate.
Catalytic Mechanism of <i>S</i>-Ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS):  Stereochemical Course and Kinetic Isotope Effect of Proton Transfer Reactions<sup>,</sup> (2004)

S-Ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS) catalyzes the cleavage of the thioether bond in S-ribosylhomocysteine (SRH) to produce homocysteine and 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione (DPD), the precursor of type II bacterial quorum sensing molecule. The proposed mechanism involves a series of proton-transfer reactions, which are catalyzed by an Fe2+ ion and two general acids/bases in the LuxS active site, resulting in the migration of the ribose carbonyl group from its C1 to C3 position. Subsequent β-elimination at C4 and C5 positions completes the catalytic cycle. In this work, the regiochemistry and stereochemical course of the proton transfer reactions were determined by carrying out the reactions using various specifically deuterium-labeled SRH as substrate and analyzing the reaction products by 1H NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Our data indicate a suprafacial transfer of the ribose C2 proton to its C1 position and the C3 proton to the C2 position during catalysis, whereas the ribose C4 proton is completely washed into solvent. The primary deuterium kinetic isotope effect suggests that the conversion of 2-keto intermediate to 3-keto intermediate is partially rate limiting. However, mutation of Glu-57, the putative second general acid/base in catalysis, to an aspartic acid renders the final β-elimination step rate limiting.
An IoT Protocol and Framework for OEMs to Make IoT-Enabled Devices forward Compatible (2015)

Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is going to imbue and become ubiquitous in everyday living, manufacturing and defense industries, health-care, etc. IoT as a technology realm is witnessing advancement at lightning speed. Consequently, there is a growing number of IoT-related reference architectures, frameworks, guidelines, platforms and standards. For IoT vendors and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), however, such evolving IoT landscape means bountiful amounts of both opportunities and risks. The same holds for the consumers who are going to buy such products. We present an IoT framework and protocol that is unconditionally forward compatible. Our work defines the minimal criteria for a device to qualify asan IoT-enabled device, which could be taken as reference for IoT OEMs to build IoT-devices across varied applications and domains. Such knowledge could help them make an informed choice of corresponding hardware. The framework and protocol is both device and application independent, but still makes it possible to generate precise user interface/s on the fly.
Trace Elements in Parenteral Nutrition: Considerations for the Prescribing Clinician (2017)

Trace elements (TEs) are an essential component of parenteral nutrition (PN). Over the last few decades, there has been increased experience with PN, and with this knowledge more information about the management of trace elements has become available. There is increasing awareness of the effects of deficiencies and toxicities of certain trace elements. Despite this heightened awareness, much is still unknown in terms of trace element monitoring, the accuracy of different assays, and current TE contamination of solutions. The supplementation of TEs is a complex and important part of the PN prescription. Understanding the role of different disease states and the need for reduced or increased doses is essential. Given the heterogeneity of the PN patients, supplementation should be individualized.
Introduction. (2016)

This chapter focuses on the importance of fruit and vegetables as food, horticultural production and the need for postharvest technology to extend the postharvest life of these crops. Information on the necessary factors needed to ensure the extension of the postharvest life and quality of fruit and vegetable products are also discussed.
Robust audio hashing for audio identification (2004)

We propose and evaluate three new perceptual audio hash functions. These hash functions are based on a concise description of the time-frequency characteristics. This information can be extracted from the time series of frame-by-frame fundamental period or from the singular value decomposition of the mel frequency cepstral parameters. Experiments show that the proposed perceptual hash functions are both robust and unique. 1.
Reactive silica. I. Formation of a reactive silica by the thermal collapse of the methoxy groups of methylated Aerosil (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactive silica. I. Formation of a reactive silica by the thermal collapse of the methoxy groups of methylated AerosilClaudio Morterra and Manfred J. D. LowCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1969, 73, 2, 321–326Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100722a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j100722a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views186Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Electrical charging of liquid sprays in high-pressure gas flows for electrofluid dynamic processes (1969)

To produce charged aerosols for electrofluid dynamic processes, various liquids were sprayed through a metal capillary at very high electric field strengths into high pressure air flows. The current produced as the charged liquid spray ruptures is a function of electrical, gas, and liquid properties. Of these parameters the effects of liquid properties, such as surface tension, electrical conductivity, mass flow rate, and air properties such as pressure and velocity on the current production are experimentally investigated. A semi-empirical relation of the current output with the indicated variables is obtained using dimensional analysis.
CEO contractual protection and debt contracting (2022)

Abstract Chief Executive Officer (CEO) contractual protection, in the forms of CEO employment agreements and CEO severance pay agreements, is prevalent among S&P 1500 firms. While prior research has examined the impact of these agreements on corporate decisions from shareholders’ perspective, there is little research on the impact from debt holders’ perspective. We find that, compared with other loans, loans issued by firms with CEO contractual protection on average contain more performance covenants and performance‐pricing provisions. This effect increases with CEOs’ risk‐taking incentives and opportunities, but it decreases with CEOs’ preference for and opportunity of enjoying a quiet life. Furthermore, for loans issued by firms with CEO contractual protection, debt holders include stricter covenants, charge a higher interest rate and use a more diffuse syndicate structure. Collectively, these results shed light on the impact of CEO contractual protection on debt contracting.
Antibody negative coeliac disease presenting in elderly people—an easily missed diagnosis (2005)

Epidemiological studies screening cohorts of healthy volunteers in the United States of America, the United Kingdom, and other European countries have determined that the prevalence of adult coeliac disease in the general population is in the magnitude of 1 per 100 to 200.1–4

The diagnosing of coeliac disease is often delayed,3–7 perhaps owing to a failure to recognise the protean manifestations of this disease in both primary and secondary care.5–9 Coeliac disease used to be perceived as involving gastrointestinal symptoms suggestive of malabsorption, but this manner of presentation is now described as the classic (typical) form.4 Patients with coeliac disease may have the silent or atypical form (no gastrointestinal symptoms), and the condition may present insidiously—for example, with iron deficiency anaemia, osteoporosis, cryptogenic hypertransaminasaemia, or neurological symptoms.5–10 The increasing recognition of coeliac disease is attributed to the use of new serological assays that have a high sensitivity and specificity.4 Antibody testing, however, is not the absolute method of diagnosis. We present a case of an elderly man presenting with coeliac disease in whom the condition would not have been recognised without a second duodenal biopsy.

In May 2003 a 79 year old man with longstanding dyspepsia presented to his general practitioner with worsening indigestion, tiredness, and rapid weight loss. Blood tests arranged by the doctor showed a macrocytic anaemia with low concentrations of vitamin B-12 and folate. The patient subsequently had a …
Slotted ALOHA in high speed bidirectional bus networks (1991)

The performance of the slotted ALOHA multiple access protocol in a high-speed bidirectional passive bus network, where transmissions are in the form of packets of constant length, is studied. Slotted ALOHA is generally considered to have better throughput performance than unslotted ALOHA, whose maximum throughput is known to be 1/(2e), independent of station configuration. It is shown that, with a probabilistic station configuration, the throughput of slotted ALOHA can degrade to 1/(3e) when the end-to-end propagation delay is significantly larger than the packet transmission time. Nevertheless, in some very high speed bidirectional bus networks with a deterministic station configuration, the throughput of slotted ALOHA can be as high as 1/2.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Insect Resistance to Transgenic Bt Crops: Lessons from the Laboratory and Field (2003)

Transgenic crops that produce insecticidal toxins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) grew on >62 million ha worldwide from 1996 to 2002. Despite expectations that pests would rapidly evolve resistance to such Bt crops, increases in the frequency of resistance caused by exposure to Bt crops in the field have not yet been documented. In laboratory and greenhouse tests, however, at least seven resistant laboratory strains of three pests (Plutella xylostella [L.], Pectinophora gossypiella [Saunders], and Helicoverpa armigera [Hübner]) have completed development on Bt crops. In contrast, several other laboratory strains with 70- to 10,100-fold resistance to Bt toxins in diet did not survive on Bt crops. Monitoring of field populations in regions with high adoption of Bt crops has not yet detected increases in resistance frequency. Resistance monitoring examples include Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) in the United States (6 yr), P. gossypiella in Arizona (5 yr), H. armigera in northern China (3 yr), and Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) in North Carolina (2 yr). Key factors delaying resistance to Bt crops are probably refuges of non-Bt host plants that enable survival of susceptible pests, low initial resistance allele frequencies, recessive inheritance of resistance to Bt crops, costs associated with resistance that reduce fitness of resistant individuals relative to susceptible individuals on non-Bt hosts ("fitness costs"), and disadvantages suffered by resistant strains on Bt hosts relative to their performance on non-Bt hosts ("incomplete resistance"). The relative importance of these factors varies among pest-Bt crop systems, and violations of key assumptions of the refuge strategy (low resistance allele frequency and recessive inheritance) may occur in some cases. The success of Bt crops exceeds expectations of many, but does not preclude resistance problems in the future.
Motor Evoked Potential Recordings During Segmented Deep Brain Stimulation—A Feasibility Study (2021)

MEP threshold recording from segmented DBS leads is feasible. MEP recordings can identify segments with highest CST thresholds and may identify segment orientation in relation to CST.
Particle Size Effect on the Packaging Performance of YAG:Ce Phosphors in White LEDs (2009)

The synthesis of cerium‐doped yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG:Ce) phosphor of different sizes with uniform size distribution was carried out using solid‐state reaction followed by grinding and sieving method. The effect of particle size distribution of YAG:Ce phosphors on the photoluminescence (PL) properties was investigated. The results demonstrate that the uniform size distribution and particle size affects the packaging performance in white light emitting diode (LED) applications. The YAG:Ce phosphors with different particle sizes were packaged in white LEDs using different amounts of each phosphors in order to get similar efficiency as that of commercially available YAG:Ce phosphors. It was observed that minimum amount of phosphor material is required for smaller particle size for getting the similar efficiency as that exhibited by commercially available YAG:Ce phosphors. The results are particularly interesting in view of reducing the cost of current LEDs by lowering the amount of phosphors without compromising the efficiencies of final LED package. A systematic study of YAG:Ce phosphors on the packing performance in white LEDs is reported.
Goadsporin, a Chemical Substance which Promotes Secondary Metabolism and Morphogenesis in Streptomycetes. II. Structure Determination. (2001)

The structure of goadsporin was determined by using spectroscopic techniques. NMR analysis revealed that goadsporin consists of 19 amino acids, two of which are dehydroalanines (Deala), and six of which are cyclized to oxazoles (Oxz) and thiazoles (Thz) by dehydrative cyclization and dehydrogenation from serine, threonine and cysteine. NMR analysis established seven partial structures, and their sequence was determined by CID-MS/MS. Negative mode FAB-MS/MS gave product ions arising from charge-remote fragmentation that allowed determination of the sequence of the amino acid components as AcNH-Ala-MeOxz-Val-Deala-MeOxz-Ile-Leu-Thz-Ser-Gly-Gly-MeOxz-Leu-Deala-Oxz-Ala-Gly-Thz-Val-OH. The chiral amino acids were determined by the advanced Marfey's method to have L-configurations.
Segments of Puumala Hantavirus Nucleocapsid Protein Inserted into Chimeric Polyomavirus-Derived Virus-Like Particles Induce a Strong Immune Response in Mice (2004)

Insertion of a short-sized epitope at four different sites of yeast-expressed hamster polyomavirus major capsid protein VP1 has been found to result in the formation of chimeric virus-like particles. Here, we demonstrate that the insertion of 45 or 120 amino acid-long segments from the N-terminus of Puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid protein into sites 1 (amino acids 80-89) and 4 (amino acids 288-295) of VP1 allowed the highly efficient formation of virus-like particles. In contrast, expression level and assembly capacity of fusions to sites 2 (amino acids 222-225) and 3 (amino acids 243-247) were drastically reduced. Immunization of BALB/c mice with chimeric virus-like particles induced a high-titered antibody response against the hantavirus nucleocapsid protein, even in the absence of any adjuvant. The strongest response was observed in mice immunized with virus-like particles harboring 120 amino acids of hantavirus nucleocapsid protein. According to the immunoglobulin subclass distribution of nucleocapsid protein-specific antibodies a mixed Th1/Th2 response was detected. The VP1 carrier itself also induced a mixed Th1/Th2 response, which was found to be reduced in mice immunized with virus-like particles harboring 120 amino acid-long inserts. In conclusion, hamster polyomavirus VP1 represents a promising carrier moiety for future vaccine development.
The Effects of Pulsed Fluid Irrigation on Bony Ingrowth in Porous Polyethylene Implants (1987)

Twelve adult dogs were used to evaluate the effect of pulsed isotonic saline irrigation on bony ingrowth. The distal supracondylar ridge of the knee was transected. Six dogs had the area irrigated with a pulsed lavage system for 15 sec and six dogs did not. A porous piece of polyethylene was then stapled to the cancellous surface. Three of each were evaluated histologically at 3 weeks and 6 weeks. The pulsed irrigation significantly decreased the depth of bone penetration into the sections of polyethylene.
Performance measurement for highway winter maintenance operations (2008)

The goal of this research project was to develop a method to measure the performance of a winter maintenance program with respect to the task of providing safety and mobility to the travelling public. Developing these measures required a number of steps, each of which was accomplished. First, the impact of winter weather on safety (crash rates) and mobility (average vehicle speeds) was measured by a combination of literature reviews and analysis of Iowa Department of Transportation traffic and Road Weather Information System data. Second, because not all winter storms are the same in their effects on safety and mobility, a method had to be developed to determine how much the various factors that describe a winter storm actually change safety and mobility. As part of this effort a storm severity index was developed, which ranks each winter storm on a scale between 0 (a very benign storm) and 1 (the worst imaginable storm). Additionally a number of methods of modeling the relationships between weather, winter maintenance actions and road surface conditions were developed and tested. The end result of this study was a performance measure based on average vehicle speed. For a given class of road, a maximum expected average speed reduction has been identified. For a given storm, this maximum expected average speed reduction is modified by the storm severity index to give a target average speed reduction. Thus, if for a given road the maximum expected average speed reduction is 20 mph, and the storm severity for a particular storm is 0.6, then the target average speed reduction for that road in that storm is 0.6 x 20 mph or 12 mph. If the average speed on that road during and after the storm is only 12 mph or less than the average speed on that road in good weather conditions, then the winter maintenance performance goal has been met.
Time-course of aspirin and salicylate in ocular tissues of rabbits. (1989)

The time courses of aspirin and salicylate in plasma and ocular tissues of rabbits were investigated after the i.v. administration of aspirin. Unhydrolyzed aspirin rapidly disappears from plasma and many ocular compartments but persists up to 4 hours in aqueous and vitreous humours. Salicylate decreases in plasma follow an exponential kinetics; in aqueous humour and in vascularized tissues the behaviour is similar but with a half-life longer than in plasma. In the cornea, lens and vitreous humour, the concentration of salicylate reaches a peak between 2 and 4 hours, then it decreases very slowly. Our results show that aspirin is protected from the hydrolytic action of plasmatic esterases in aqueous and vitreous humours but is rapidly hydrolyzed in the cornea and lens by local esterases present in these tissues. It is possible that both aspirin and salicylate leave the eye by means of an active transport. Our results also indicate that salicylate can accumulate in the cornea, lens and retina when aspirin is administered repeatedly.
High frequency of expression of MAGE genes in human hepatocellular carcinoma (1999)

The MAGE genes are expressed in a high percentage of hepatocellular carcinomas; the MAGE gene products are potential targets for tumor-specific immunotherapy.
Field Assessment Stroke Triage for Emergency Destination (2016)

FAST-ED is a simple scale that if successfully validated in the field, it may be used by medical emergency professionals to identify LVOS in the prehospital setting enabling rapid triage of patients.
Performance of TSI 3760 Condensation Nuclei Counter at Reduced Pressures and Flow Rates (1991)

This article describes an experimental study of the performance of the TSI model 3760 clean room condensation nuclei counter (CNC) at various pressures and flow rates. Studies were made to determine the counting efficiency of the instrument in the pressure range of 0.1–1 atm and flow rate range of 0.15–1.4 L/min. The counting efficiency curves were found to be shifted to larger particle sizes as the pressure or flow rate was reduced. The low pressure and low flow rate limits of the instrument were also determined. The numerical model developed in our previous study (Zhang and Liu, 1990) was used to predict the performance of the CNC. The numerical results were compared with the experimental data and found to agree well in the pressure range of 0.2–1.0 atm and flow rate range of 0.3–1.4 L/min. Discrepancies were found to be more significant at the lower pressures and flow rates.
A Comparative Evaluation of Some Starches as Disintegrants for Double Compressed Tablets (1989)

The effect of different types and concentrations of some starches as disintegrants on the properties of aspirin tablets as a model for double compressed tablets was studied. The formulated tablets were evaluated using the U.S.P. official tests and some other selected nonofficial tests. These tests include: uniformity of weight, uniformity of content, disintegration, dissolution, hardness, friability and thickness. Maize starch was found to be the most suitable disintegrant for the formulation of double compressed tablets while rice starch was the worst disintegrant, in this study, as it significantly increased the hardness of tablets and showed a prolonged disintegration time as well as a poor dissolution rate. increasing the starch content of tablets resulted in a marked increase in their dissolution rate.