gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Process issues and components for HTS digital integrated circuit fabrication (1995)

An etch-back planarization technique has been developed to planarize SrTiO/sub 3/ insulating layers, which may be used in a YBCO IC process. Films of YBCO have been deposited on the planarized SrTiO/sub 3/ surface. Structural and electrical characterization of these films suggests that the planarized surface can support the growth of epitaxial, c-axis oriented YBCO films. Experiments to evaluate and compare coupling efficiency in YBCO and Nb thin film transformers are also described. Easy flux penetration in YBCO films may reduce the efficiency of transformer coupling below that found for Nb transformers. The current coupling for Nb transformers, as extracted from the SQUID threshold curves, was found to be high (M/L/spl sim/0.93). The coupling in YBCO transformers, as measured from the voltage modulation of bicrystal grain boundary junction SQUIDs, was found to be much lower (M/L/spl sim/0.75).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Legacy SystemC co-simulation of multi-processor systems-on-chip (2003)

We present a co-simulation environment for multiprocessor architectures, that is based on SystemC and allows a transparent integration of instruction set simulators (ISSs) within the SystemC simulation framework. The integration is based on the well-known concept of bus wrapper, that realizes the interface between the ISS and the simulator. The proposed solution uses an ISS-wrapper interface based on the standard gdb remote debugging interface, and implements two alternative schemes that differ in the amount of communication they require. The two approaches provide different degrees of tradeoff between simulation granularity and speed, and show significant speedup with respect to a micro-architectural, full SystemC simulation of the system description.
Stem cell transplantation in myocardial infarction. (2004)

Congestive heart failure, which is most commonly caused by myocardial infarction, is the most frequent cause of hospitalization in the United States in patients over the age of 65. Although current pharmacotherapy can inhibit neurohormonal activation, this falls short of preventing left ventricular remodeling and the development of congestive heart failure. Stem cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells that have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Cellular cardiomyoplasty, which is the replacement or regeneration of cardiomyocytes through cell transplantation, is a potential therapeutic approach to prevent left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. The majority of the data on stem cell transplantation comes from preclinical animal studies. Although the results are interesting and perhaps safe, early phase I clinical studies are small and very preliminary. Data from large, randomized controlled trials are needed to clarify the short- and long-term effects of cellular cardiomyoplasty.
Patents for Inventions (1956)

National Security, welfare and progress depend alike upon the continuing application of scientific and technical knowledge to adapt and improve industrial products and processes. In recognition of this fact legal provisions exist, in all but the most primitive territories of the world, to encourage the development and exploitation of inventions resulting from the application of scientific discoveries to industry, and it is thought that the brief outline of these provisions, and the manner in which they operate, set out in this short article may be of interest to members engaged in, or setting out on, a career in physics. The basis of all such legal arrangements is to grant to an inventor a monopoly in the exploitation of his invention for a limited period, in return for a full disclosure of all necessary details of the invention so that, upon termination of his monopoly, the public will be able to make and use the invention.
Novel Neuroprotective Mechanism of Action of Rasagiline Is Associated with Its Propargyl Moiety: Interaction of Bcl‐2 Family Members with PKC Pathway (2005)

Our studies have provided new insights into the biological mechanism of neuroprotection of the anti-Parkinson drug, rasagiline [N-propargyl-(1R)-aminoindan], involving the association of Bcl-2 family proteins with protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. In a model of serum withdrawal-induced apoptosis of rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, rasagiline and its propargyl moiety, N-propargylamine, decreased cell death via multiple neuroprotective pathways that include the stimulation of PKC phosphorylation; upregulation of PKCepsilon mRNA; induction of Bcl-X(L), Bcl-w, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNAs; and downregulation of PKCgamma, Bad, and Bax mRNAs. Moreover, these drugs inhibited the cleavage and activation of pro-caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), while PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, reversed these actions. In addition, rasagiline decreased serum-free-induced levels of the important regulator of cell death, Bad, which was also blocked by GF109203X, indicating the involvement of PKC-dependent cell survival activity of rasagiline. Structure activity studies have established that N-propargylamine is essential for the novel neuroprotective and the neuronal cell survival activity of rasagiline since this moiety itself revealed similar protective effects and mechanisms of action. These results have led us to develop several multifunctional neuroprotective drugs containing the propargyl moiety and iron-chelating property for the treatment and/or prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
Isolation and chemical characterization of two structurally and functionally distinct forms of botrocetin, the platelet coagglutinin isolated from the venom of Bothrops jararaca (1991)

Two distinct forms of botrocetin, the von Willebrand factor (vWF)-dependent platelet coagglutinin isolated from the venom of the snake Bothrops jararaca, were purified and characterized structurally and functionally. The apparent molecular mass of the one-chain botrocetin was 28 kDa before and 32 kDa after reduction of disulfide bonds, while that of the two-chain botrocetin was 27 kDa before and 15/14.5 kDa after reduction. Amino acid composition of the two species revealed a similar high content of potentially acidic residues (greater than 60 Asx and Glx residues/molecule) but significant differences in the content of Cys and Phe residues. The NH2-terminal sequence of the one-chain botrocetin was Ile-Ile/Val-Ser-Pro-Pro-Val-Cys-Gly-Asn-Glu-. Two constituent polypeptides of the two-chain botrocetin showed similar but different NH2-terminal sequences, distinct from that of the one-chain species: (alpha) Asp-Cys-Pro-Ser-Gly-Trp-Ser-Ser-Tyr-Glu- and (beta) Asp-Cys-Pro-Pro-Asp-Trp-Ser-Ser-Tyr-Glu-. The carbohydrate content of both species was less than 2% of the total mass, and the pI was 4.0-4.1 for the one-chain species, and 4.6, 5.3-5.4, and 7.7-7.8 for the two-chain species. No free sulfhydryl group was detected in each species. Both types of botrocetin were resistant to proteolysis at neutral pH. Incubation of 125I-labeled one-chain botrocetin with the crude venom solution resulted in no detectable structural change. On a weight basis, the two-chain botrocetin was 34 times more active than the one-chain form in promoting vWF binding to platelets.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of Collagen Turnover on the Accumulation of Advanced Glycation End Products (2000)

Collagen molecules in articular cartilage have an exceptionally long lifetime, which makes them susceptible to the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In fact, in comparison to other collagen-rich tissues, articular cartilage contains relatively high amounts of the AGE pentosidine. To test the hypothesis that this higher AGE accumulation is primarily the result of the slow turnover of cartilage collagen, AGE levels in cartilage and skin collagen were compared with the degree of racemization of aspartic acid (% d-Asp, a measure of the residence time of a protein). AGE (N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine, N(epsilon)-(carboxyethyl)lysine, and pentosidine) and % d-Asp concentrations increased linearly with age in both cartilage and skin collagen (p < 0.0001). The rate of increase in AGEs was greater in cartilage collagen than in skin collagen (p < 0.0001). % d-Asp was also higher in cartilage collagen than in skin collagen (p < 0.0001), indicating that cartilage collagen has a longer residence time in the tissue, and thus a slower turnover, than skin collagen. In both types of collagen, AGE concentrations increased linearly with % d-Asp (p < 0.0005). Interestingly, the slopes of the curves of AGEs versus % d-Asp, i.e. the rates of accumulation of AGEs corrected for turnover, were identical for cartilage and skin collagen. The present study thus provides the first experimental evidence that protein turnover is a major determinant in AGE accumulation in different collagen types. From the age-related increases in % d-Asp the half-life of cartilage collagen was calculated to be 117 years and that of skin collagen 15 years, thereby providing the first reasonable estimates of the half-lives of these collagens.
Nuclear magnetic resonance studies on metal complexes. Part I. Dimethylphenylphosphine complexes of platinum(II) and palladium(II) (1966)

New complexes of platinum(II) and palladium(II) with dimethylphenylphosphine are described. 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance data for these complexes, and for simple derivatives of dimethylphenylphosphine, e.g., the oxide and sulphide, are given. The phenomenon of “virtual” coupling is discussed briefly and used to study cis/trans isomerism in these complexes. trans-Di-iodobis(dimethylphenylphosphine)palladium(II) is unusual in having a red polymorph in which the palladium is co-ordinated to three iodine atoms and possibly weakly co-ordinated to β-hydrogen atoms on the phenyl rings.
.pi.-Allylmetal derivatives in organic synthesis (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.pi.-Allylmetal derivatives in organic synthesisR. BakerCite this: Chem. Rev. 1973, 73, 5, 487–530Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60285a004https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60285a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views699Altmetric-Citations146LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Crowd storage (2014)

This paper introduces the concept of crowd storage, the idea that digital files can be stored and retrieved later from the memories of people in the crowd. Similar to human memory, crowd storage is ephemeral, which means that storage is temporary and the quality of the stored information degrades over time. Crowd storage may be preferred over storing information directly in the cloud, or when it is desirable for information to degrade inline with normal human memories. To explore and validate this idea, we created WeStore, a system that stores and then later retrieves digital files in the existing memories of crowd workers. WeStore does not store information directly, but rather encrypts the files using details of the existing memories elicited from individuals within the crowd as cryptographic keys. The fidelity of the retrieved information is tied to how well the crowd remembers the details of the memories they provided. We demonstrate that crowd storage is feasible using an existing crowd marketplace (Amazon Mechanical Turk), explore design considerations important for building systems that use crowd storage, and outline ideas for future research in this area.
Single-Cell Transcriptional Analysis (2017)

Despite being a relatively recent technological development, single-cell transcriptional analysis through high-throughput sequencing has already been used in hundreds of fruitful studies to make exciting new biological discoveries that would otherwise be challenging or even impossible. Consequently, this has fueled a virtuous cycle of even greater interest in the field and compelled development of further improved technical methodologies and approaches. Thanks to the combined efforts of the research community, including the fields of biochemistry and molecular biology, technology and instrumentation, data science, computational biology, and bioinformatics, the single-cell RNA-sequencing field is advancing at a pace that is both astounding and unprecedented. In this review, we provide a broad introduction to this revolutionary technology by presenting the state-of-the-art in sample preparation methodologies, technology platforms, and computational analysis methods, while highlighting the key considerations for designing, executing, and interpreting a study using single-cell RNA sequencing.
Video navigation on tablets with multi-touch gestures (2014)

We describe a new interaction method for video navigation on touch-enabled tablet devices, which is based on previous research results and uses context-sensitive swipe gestures. We evaluate our method in a user study with known-item-search tasks in direct comparison to seeker-bar navigation that is commonly used for navigation with video players on tablets and smartphones. Our evaluation results show that users prefer the swipe-based navigation feature over a seeker-bar in terms of convenience and that users can achieve better search performance with this new way of video navigation.
Organic light-emitting diodes using open-shell molecule as emitter: the emission from doublet (2014)

We fabricate OLEDs using a stable neutral π radical, BDPA, as the emitter. There is only one electron in the singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) of this open-shell molecule. This feature makes the excited state of open-shell molecules be neither singlet nor triplet, but doublet. The key issue of how to harvest the triplet energy in an OLED is thus bypassed, due to the radiative decay of doublet is totally spin allowed. In the BDPA-based OLED, the emission was confirmed to be from the electronic transition from LUMO to SOMO, via the frontier molecular orbital analysis combined with the spectroscopy measurements. The maximum luminance of the OLEDs is 4879 cd/m2 which is comparable to the first reported Fluorescence-, Phosphorecence- and TADF-based OLEDs.
Cost Evaluation of Dried Blood Spot Home Sampling as Compared to Conventional Sampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Children (2016)

Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling for the purpose of therapeutic drug monitoring can be an attractive alternative for conventional blood sampling, especially in children. This study aimed to compare all costs involved in conventional sampling versus DBS home sampling in two pediatric populations: renal transplant patients and hemato-oncology patients. Total costs were computed from a societal perspective by adding up healthcare cost, patient related costs and costs related to loss of productivity of the caregiver. Switching to DBS home sampling was associated with a cost reduction of 43% for hemato-oncology patients (€277 to €158) and 61% for nephrology patients (€259 to €102) from a societal perspective (total costs) per blood draw. From a healthcare perspective, costs reduced with 7% for hemato-oncology patients and with 21% for nephrology patients. Total savings depend on the number of hospital visits that can be avoided by using home sampling instead of conventional sampling.
Cloning and expression of a Staphylococcus aureus gene encoding a peptidoglycan hydrolase activity (1990)

A gene of Staphylococcus aureus PS47 encoding lytic activity was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Deletion analysis of a recombinant plasmid carrying a 7.4-kilobase-pair fragment (kbp) of S. aureus DNA suggested that the gene was located within a 2.5-kbp EcoRI-XbaI fragment. Analysis of extracts of E. coli harboring recombinant plasmids on denaturing polyacrylamide gels containing purified cell walls of S. aureus showed a clearing zone by a polypeptide of apparent Mr 23,000. The release of dinitrophenylalanine but not reducing groups from purified cell walls by a cell extract of recombinant E. coli suggested that we had cloned an N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase.
Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Sonogashira Coupling of Aryl Bromides via <i>tert</i>-Butyl Isocyanide Insertion (2013)

A simple and efficient palladium-catalyzed carbonylative Sonogashira coupling via tert-butyl isocyanide insertion has been developed, which demonstrates the utility of isocyanides in intermolecular C-C bond construction. This methodology provides a novel pathway for the synthesis of alkynyl imines which can undergo simple silica gel catalyzed hydrolysis to afford alkynones. The approach is tolerant of a wide range of substrates and applicable to library synthesis.
Pyridoxine-derived bicyclic amido-, ureido-, and carbamato-pyridinols: synthesis and antiangiogenic activities (2014)

We recently developed an efficient and practical synthesis for a novel series of pyridoxine-derived 6-amido-2,4,5-trimethylpyridin-3-ols and found that this novel scaffold has outstanding activity to inhibit angiogenesis measured by the quantitative chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. As an effort to extend the scope of the amidopyridinol scaffold, we here report the synthesis and antiangiogenic activities of a series of bicyclic versions of the amidopyridinol including five- and six-membered cyclic amide-, cyclic urea-, and cyclic carbamate-fused pyridinols. The six membered bicyclic derivatives were prepared by the reported procedures, and the five-membered ring-fused ones were synthesized by new synthetic methods developed in this study. CAM assays showed that both six- and five-membered lactam-fused pyridinols have activities comparable to sunitinib malate, the positive control, in inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis. On the other hand, the urea and the carbamate derivatives showed modest to moderate antiangiogenic activities. In summary, some bicyclic aminopyridinols can provide a good platform for structural exploitation in future medicinal chemistry work.
A new approach to the design of a broadband active loop antenna 50 kHz-30 MHz (1990)

The author discusses improvements in the design of active loop receiving antennas. The improvements include segmenting a large diameter single loop into a number of equal smaller loops. This allows the source inductance to be adjusted as required. When this loop array is connected to a common base amplifier a substantial improvement in sensitivity is achieved in the frequency range 3 to 30 MHz. Loop antennas have other attributes. Directivity in the horizontal plane aids rejection of unwanted signals and the absence of a null in the vertical plane makes high angle skywave reception much better than with the vertical monopole. The loop antenna can also be effectively decoupled from local sources of interference which is not possible with monopole antennas and which have the added disadvantage that the feeder forms part of the antenna.
Polar Codes with Higher-Order Memory (2018)

We introduce a construction of a set of code sequences {Cn(m) : n ≥ 1, m ≥ 1} with memory order m and code length N(n). {Cn(m)} is a generalization of polar codes presented by Arıkan in [1], where the encoder mapping with length N(n) is obtained recursively from the encoder mappings with lengths N(n − 1) and N(n − m), and {Cn(m)} coincides with the original polar codes when m = 1. We show that {Cn(m)} achieves the symmetric capacity I(W) of an arbitrary binary-input, discrete-output memoryless channel W for any fixed m. We also obtain an upper bound on the probability of block-decoding error Pe of {Cn(m)} and show that $${P_e} = O({2^{ - {N^\beta }}})$$ is achievable for β < 1/[1+m(ϕ − 1)], where ϕ ∈ (1, 2] is the largest real root of the polynomial F(m, ρ) = ρm − ρm − 1 − 1. The encoding and decoding complexities of {Cn(m)} decrease with increasing m, which proves the existence of new polar coding schemes that have lower complexity than Arıkan’s construction.
Thermoprotection of a functional epithelium: heat stress effects on transepithelial transport by flounder renal tubule in primary monolayer culture. (1992)

Primary monolayer cultures of winter flounder renal proximal-tubule cells were used to determine whether transepithelial transport could be protected from the damaging effects of extreme temperature by previous mild heat shock. Renal tubule epithelial cells were enzymatically dispersed and reorganized as confluent monolayer sheets on native rat tail collagen. Transepithelial electrical properties (potential difference, resistance, short-circuit current, and Na(+)-dependent glucose current) and unidirectional [35S]sulfate fluxes were measured in Ussing chambers at 22 degrees C. Examination of transepithelial electrical properties following acute 1-hr elevation of temperature over a range of 22-37 degrees C provided the basis for the "mild" versus "severe" thermal stress protocols. Severe elevation from 22 degrees C to 32 degrees C for 1.5 hr followed by 1.5 hr at 22 degrees C significantly decreased glucose current (7 +/- 0.7 to 3 +/- 0.8 microA/cm2) as well as net sulfate secretion [131 +/- 11 to 33 +/- 11 nmol/(cm2.hr)]. Mild heat shock of 27 degrees C for 6 hr prior to this severe heat shock completely protected both glucose transport (6 +/- 0.7 microA/cm2) and sulfate flux (149 +/- 13 nmol/(cm2.hr)]. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the number of microvilli on the apical (luminal) surface of the epithelium was decreased after a 32 degrees C heat shock. Monolayers exposed to 27 degrees C for 6 hr prior to incubation at 32 degrees C showed no loss of microvilli. SDS/PAGE analysis of protein patterns from the cultures showed that three classes of heat shock proteins were maximally induced at 27 degrees C. Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide prevented the thermoprotective effect of mild heat shock. This suggests that certain renal transport functions can be protected from sublethal but debilitating thermal stress by prior mild heat shock and that heat shock proteins may play a role in this protection.