gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transbronchial Diagnosis of A Pulmonary Peripheral Small Lesion Using an Ultrathin Bronchoscope with Virtual Bronchoscopic Navigation (2002)

We report a patient with a pulmonary peripheral small lesion that was diagnosed using an ultrathin bronchoscope with virtual bronchoscopic (VB) navigation. In a 83-year-old man with pulmonary emphysema, chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a small lesion (18 × 14 mm) in the periphery of right segment 3. For diagnostic bronchoscopy, the area from the segmental bronchus to the lesion was examined by thin-section CT, and VB images up to the 11th bronchus as the route to the lesion were produced. Using these VB images, an ultrathin bronchoscope (external diameter, 2.8 mm) was inserted into the target bronchus. Because the VB images were in good agreement with the real bronchoscopic images, the ultrathin bronchoscope could be inserted readily at the 10th bronchus under direct vision. In addition, after confirming the positioning of the bioptome at the lesion by thin-section CT, a biopsy was acquired, and a diagnosis of pneumonia was made. This diagnostic method using an ultrathin bronchoscope with VB navigation is more accurate and can be performed in a shorter time than conventional bronchoscopy, and may be useful for evaluating pulmonary peripheral lesions.
CloudMF: Applying MDE to Tame the Complexity of Managing Multi-cloud Applications (2014)

The market of cloud computing encompasses an ever-growing number of cloud providers offering a multitude of infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) and platform-as-a-service (PaaS) solutions. The heterogeneity of these solutions hinders the proper exploitation of cloud computing since it prevents interoperability and promotes vendor lock-in, which increases the complexity of executing and managing multi-cloud applications (i.e., Applications that can be deployed across multiple cloud infrastructures and platforms). Providers of multi-cloud applications seek to exploit the peculiarities of each cloud solution and to combine the delivery models of IaaS and PaaS in order to optimise performance, availability, and cost. In this paper, we show how the Cloud Modelling Framework leverages upon model-driven engineering to tame this complexity by providing: (i) a tool-supported domain-specific language for specifying the provisioning and deployment of multi-cloud applications, and (ii) a models@run-time environment for enacting the provisioning, deployment, and adaptation of these applications.
Phase conjugation in saturable amplifiers by degenerate frequency mixing (1982)

Phase conjugation in staurable amplifiers by degenerate frequency mixing (DFM) is analyzed using numerical solutions for the appropriate equations. DFM reflectivities up to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> are predicted with pump intensities considerably less than the saturation intensity. The results are compared to those for saturable absorbers. Effects of spontaneous emission in the amplifiers are also considered.
Molecular predictors of combination targeted therapies (cetuximab, bevacizumab) in irinotecan-refractory colorectal cancer (BOND-2 study). (2010)

Intratumoral gene expression levels of EGFR, VEGFR2 and NRP as well as polymorphisms in FCGR3A, CyclinD1 and EGFR could predict clinical outcome in mCRC patients enrolled in BOND2, independent of KRAS mutation status.
17.—The Bromination of 1-Nitro-, 1-Bromo-, and 1-Acetamidofluoranthene (1973)

Synopsis 1-Nitro-, 1-bromo-, and 1-acetamidofluoranthene undergo bromination to yield 4,9-dibrominated products. 1-Acetamidofluoranthene also yields 1-acetamido-4,8,9-tribrofluoranthene and as a side product 1-acetamido-4,8,9,x-tetrabromofluoranthene, from the former of which 1,4,8,9-tetrabromofluoranthene is obtained and found to be identical with the product resulting from the interaction of 1-bromofluoranthene with three molecules of bromine.
Alkylation of Acetoacetic, Malonic and Succinic Esters (1934)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkylation of Acetoacetic, Malonic and Succinic EstersBruno Wojcik and Homer AdkinsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1934, 56, 11, 2424–2425Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1934Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1934https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01326a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01326a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views227Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Smartphone-Based System for Learning and Inferring Hearing Aid Settings (2016)

The obtained data, as well as subjective participant feedback, indicate that smartphones could become viable tools to train hearing aids. Individuals who are tech savvy and have milder HL seem well suited to take advantages of the benefits offered by training with a smartphone.
Search for New Pesticides from Higher Plants (1989)

Pest control methods of the near future will include potent, more selective, and bio-degradable pesticides discovered as the natural protectants of higher plants. A number of botanical pesticides (pyrethrins, rotenoids, nicotine, the natural isobutylamides, quassia, sabadilla, hellebore, and ryania) are enjoying expanding commercial uses. Some chemical companies are developing additional plant extracts from the Meliaceae and Rutaceae containing potent limonoids such as azadirachtin. Our laboratories have been involved in pesticidal screening programs of higher plant extracts and have already screened several hundred plant species against a battery of indicator pests. Lists of promising leads have been tabulated, and bioactivity-directed fractionations, using brine shrimp lethality as a simple in-house bioassay, are in progress. Our first product is asimicin, a novel acetogenin (polyketide) from the bark of the paw paw tree, Asimina triloba (Annonaceae); this group of very potent compounds now offers a host of chemical and biological challenges for further research and commercial exploitation.
Comparison of different methods to contact to nanowires (2006)

A comparison of four different methods to make electrical contact to both 100nm gold nanowires and 50nm multiwall carbon nanotubes is given. The techniques are compared in terms of the success yield, contact resistance, complexity of the fabrication steps, and potential for creating novel device structures and architectures. The different methods compared are (i) in situ micromanipulation of wires onto prepatterned electrodes, (ii) ion and electron beam assisted deposition, (iii) electron beam lithography, and (iv) drop casting of wires from solution onto prepatterned electrodes.
A combined action of pulmonary surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C modulates permeability and dynamics of phospholipid membranes (2011)

Proteins SP-B and SP-C are essential to promote formation of surface-active films at the respiratory interface, but their mechanism of action is still under investigation. In the present study we have analysed the effect of the proteins on the accessibility of native, quasi-native and model surfactant membranes to incorporation of the fluorescent probes Nile Red (permeable) and FM 1-43 (impermeable) into membranes. We have also analysed the effect of single or combined proteins on membrane permeation using the soluble fluorescent dye calcein. The fluorescence of FM 1-43 was always higher in membranes containing SP-B and/or SP-C than in protein-depleted membranes, in contrast with Nile Red which was very similar in all of the materials tested. SP-B and SP-C promoted probe partition with markedly different kinetics. On the other hand, physiological proportions of SP-B and SP-C caused giant oligolamellar vesicles to incorporate FM 1-43 from the external medium into apparently most of the membranes instantaneously. In contrast, oligolamellar pure lipid vesicles appeared to be mainly labelled in the outermost membrane layer. Pure lipidic vesicles were impermeable to calcein, whereas it permeated through membranes containing SP-B and/or SP-C. Vesicles containing only SP-B were stable, but prone to vesicle-vesicle interactions, whereas those containing only SP-C were extremely dynamic, undergoing frequent fluctuations and ruptures. Differential structural effects of proteins on vesicles were confirmed by electron microscopy. These results suggest that SP-B and SP-C have different contributions to inter- and intra-membrane lipid dynamics, and that their combined action could provide unique effects to modulate structure and dynamics of pulmonary surfactant membranes and films.
Spatial-temporal variability of terrestrial vegetation productivity in the Yangtze River Basin during 2000-2009 (2013)

Terrestrial net primary production (NPP), the balance of gross primary production (gPP) and autotrophic respiration (ar), is a critical measure of carbon sequestration capacity for the Earth's land surface. The aim of this study was to understand the spatio-temporal variability of NPP associated with gPP and ar in the yangtze river basin (yrb), China, from 2000 to 2009 during which the basin warmed significantly.
Efficacy of endovascular treatment and feasibility of stent-assisted coiling in the presence of severe and symptomatic vasospasm (2016)

Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms during severe and symptomatic vasospasm is safe and effective. Stent-assisted coiling in the presence of severe vasospasm is also feasible in wide-necked aneurysms with the additional benefits of mechanical vasodilation.
Rapid preliminary helmet shell design based on three-dimensional anthropometric head data (2008)

Abstract The ergonomic design of helmets is very important for those who wear them for long periods on the job; for example, construction workers and security personnel. A helmet's weight, stability, and ability to protect are especially important. According to our case study, fitting design according to head shape can significantly reduce the weight and enhance the stability of a helmet. The traditional helmet design process takes a long time, and is thus unsuitable for individually customized shape design. In this paper, a rapid preliminary design method for the helmet shell and a corresponding toolkit are introduced, taking advantage of three-dimensional (3D) anthropometric head scans. A 3D head model is first generated from the 3D head scan of the intended user or representative user of an intended population group. Then a semi-parametric surface modelling tool is applied to quickly generate the helmet shell by simply inputting several parameters related to helmet protection, size, and shape requirements and adjusting several key curves. In a case study, the new design by the proposed method and the existing design by the traditional method were compared with regard to weight, centroid, and moments of inertia to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Generating and Evaluating Choices for Fixing Inconsistencies in UML Design Models (2008)

Our objective is to provide automated support for assisting designers in fixing inconsistencies in UML models. We have previously developed techniques for efficiently detecting inconsistencies in such models and identifying where changes need to occur in order to fix problems detected by these means. This paper extends previous work by describing a technique for automatically generating a set of concrete changes for fixing inconsistencies and providing information about the impact of each change on all consistency rules. The approach is integrated with the design tool IBM Rational Rose . We demonstrate the computational scalability and usability of the approach through the empirical evaluation of 39 UML models of sizes up to 120,000 elements.
LightDB (2018)

We present the data model, architecture, and evaluation of LightDB, a database management system designed to efficiently manage virtual, augmented, and mixed reality (VAMR) video content. VAMR video differs from its two-dimensional counterpart in that it is spherical with periodic angular dimensions, is nonuniformly and continuously sampled, and applications that consume such videos often have demanding latency and throughput requirements. To address these challenges, LightDB treats VAMR video data as a logically-continuous six-dimensional light field. Furthermore, LightDB supports a rich set of operations over light fields, and automatically transforms declarative queries into executable physical plans. We have implemented a prototype of LightDB and, through experiments with VAMR applications in the literature, we find that LightDB offers up to 4× throughput improvements compared with prior work.
Intramolecular Electronic Energy Transfer between Nonconjugated Chromophores in Some Model Compounds (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular Electronic Energy Transfer between Nonconjugated Chromophores in Some Model CompoundsAngelo A. Lamola, Peter A. Leermakers, Gary W. Byers, and George S. HammondCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 11, 2322–2332Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01089a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01089a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views223Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Evolution of Flight Management Systems (2010)

In 1978, Honeywell began developing its flight management system (FMS), putting the first FMS into service as standard equipment in 1982 on the Boeing B757 and B767. Now, every major aircraft manufacturer includes a Honeywell FMS in the cockpit. In total, the Honeywell FMS has 15 distinct baselines flying on more than 14,000 aircraft. It currently totals around a million source LOC and increases by perhaps 2 percent per year. R&D is already underway for innovations and improvements to both new and existing technologies: 4D trajectories, future air navigation systems, required time of arrival, and trajectory-based optimization.
The protein encoded by the transforming gene of avian sarcoma virus (pp60src) and a homologous protein in normal cells (pp60proto-src) are associated with the plasma membrane. (1980)

Oncogenesis by avian sarcoma virus is attributable to a single viral gene (src) which encodes a phosphoprotein (pp60src) with the enzymatic activity of a protein kinase. A closely related protein, pp60proto-src, occurs in uninfected cells from a wide variety of vertebrate species and is presumed to be the product of a cellular gene that served as progenitor for src. We explored the location of these proteins within the cell by using immunoprecipitation to analyze subcellular fractions prepared from avian sarcoma virus-transformed rat and chicken cells and from uninfected rat cells. We found that both pp60src and pp60proto-src were associated with the plasma membrane as active protein kinases and could be recovered efficiently only by disrupting the membranes with nonionic detergent. Our findings, in conjunction with those of other investigators, indicate that both proteins are embedded in the membrane by means of a hydrophobic domain(s); available evidence indicates that pp60src is not exposed on the surface of the cell but is accessible at the cytoplasmic aspect of the plasma membrane. These conclusions lend credence to two current speculations. First, pp60src and pp60proto-src may have similar or even identical functions. Second, neoplastic transformation may originate from derangements in the plasma membrane or its affiliated structures.
Cylindrical chamber dimensions and the corresponding values of <i>A</i><sub>wall</sub> and <i>N</i><sub>gas</sub>/(<i>N</i><sub><i>X</i></sub><i>A</i><sub>ion</sub>) (1986)

Cylindrical ionization chamber descriptions and physical dimensions that are necessary for the calculation of Awall and Ngas are presented. Also included are the corresponding calculated values of Awall and Ngas/(NxAion).
Origin of bone marrow stromal mechanocytes in radiochimeras and heterotopic transplants. (1978)

Strain histocompatibility antigens (detected by indirect immunofluorescence reaction) and sex chromosomes were used as markers of donor and recipient cells in monolayer cultures of bone marrow from radiochimeras and from heterotopic transplants. In contrast to macrophages and hemopoietic cells all bone marrow fibroblasts precursors in radiochimeras were of recipient origin; in heterotopic transplants they were of donor origin. These data point to the decisive role of stromal mechanocytes, and not macrophages or hemopoietic cells, in creating the bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment.
Characterization of human invariant natural killer T cells expressing FoxP3 (2011)

Recently described forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) transcription factor is a key molecule in CD4+ CD25hi+ T-cell characterization. Invariant NK T (iNKT) cells are also characterized as regulatory cells modulating the immune response by rapidly producing T(h)1 and T(h)2 cytokines. We aimed to analyze cellular markers important in regulatory features of human iNKT cells and to study their role in functional assays. iNKT cells were single cell sorted from peripheral mononuclear cells of healthy individuals after immunostaining of invariant TCR α-chain. We found FoxP3 expression in human iNKT clones. Randomly selected iNKT cell clones (CD4+, double negative, CD8+) expressed FoxP3 mRNA and protein at different levels upon stimulation as supported by various approaches. FoxP3 mRNA and protein expression was detected in unstimulated iNKT cells as well. Furthermore, different stimulations changed the FoxP3 expression in iNKT cells over time and the most dramatic changes were observed upon anti-CD3 stimulation. Both the supernatant of iNKT cells and iNKT cells themselves exerted similar stimulation effects on PBMC proliferation in functional assays and these stimulations showed a negative correlation with FoxP3 expression. Our data indicate that the FoxP3 expression in iNKT cells may be a key transcriptional factor in controlling the regulatory function of the iNKT cells.
Female guests in a manly world: A picture with numerous shades (1997)

Abstract These studies on female engineers in several countries since the last century show similar processes of integration and marginalization if one considers the major lines of development. But primary and secondary education, the predominance of school culture or of shop culture, the opening of technical schools, the intervention of the state and other factors acted differently at times and across the countries, producing specific patterns concerning the choice of technical fields, as well as affecting the extent and the kind of occupational work. If we cannot discern any uniformity in respect of these dimensions, the results of the historical investigations converge nevertheless on one point: the persistence of the gendered hierarchical order at the workplace.
A Mixed-Signal Test Bus and Analog BIST with 'Unlimited' Time and Voltage Resolution (2011)

This paper describes a test bus suitable for conveying analog and digital signals to/from an unlimited number of circuit nodes with almost unlimited time or voltage resolution, in contrast to analog buses which are unlimited only in voltage resolution. A strategy is described that extends a silicon-proven approach for BIST of jitter and delays in PLLs, to BIST of 'random' analog functions. A variety of stimulus and response capture approaches is used to translate analog parameters from any number of circuit nodes, addressed by a P1687-like scheme, into digital waveforms conveyed via digitally under sampled serial bit streams or analog over sampled sigma-delta bit streams, to shared RTL-synthesized measurement circuits. Examples are presented for diverse circuit parameters.
Effects of ionizing radiation on the immune system with special emphasis on the interaction of dendritic and T cells (2012)

Dendritic cells (DCs), as professional antigen-presenting cells, are members of the innate immune system and function as key players during the induction phase of adaptive immune responses. Uptake, processing, and presentation of antigens direct the outcome toward either tolerance or immunity. The cells of the immune system are among the most highly radiosensitive cells in the body. For high doses of ionizing radiation (HD-IR) both immune-suppressive effects after whole body irradiation and possible immune activation during tumor therapy were observed. On the other hand, the effects of low doses of ionizing radiation (LD-IR) on the immune system are controversial and seem to show high variability among different individuals and species. There are reports revealing that protracted LD-IR can result in radioresistance. But immune-suppressive effects of chronic LD-IR are also reported, including the killing or sensitizing of certain cell types. This article shall review the current knowledge of radiation-induced effects on the immune system, paying special attention to the interaction of DCs and T cells.
Differential Characteristics of High-Achieving/High-Income and Low-Achieving/Low-Income Dropout Youths: Considerations for Treatment Programs (1992)

Recent literature has raised concern over the increasing number of middle-class, high-achieving youth who are dropping out of school. Growing evidence suggests that these dropouts do not fit the profile of the traditional dropout and that their needs are not being adequately addressed by existing dropout programs. This paper reports a discriminant analysis of differential characteristics of a group of low-income, low-achieving and high-income, high-achieving dropouts who attended two different alternative school programs from 1987 to 1988. The data indicate that these dropouts can be differentiated on a number of psychosocial and family variables. Implications are discussed with reference to the need for alternative dropout programs to address the academic, social, and behavioral problems of these different types of dropouts.