gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional and ultrastructural evidence for intracellular formation of major histocompatibility complex class II-peptide complexes during antigen processing. (1990)

Antigen presentation requires intracellular processing of native antigens to produce immunogenic peptides that bind to major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecules. In functional studies of antigen processing by elicited peritoneal macrophages, MHC-II-peptide complexes were formed intracellularly. Immunogenic peptides were not released to bind surface MHC-II molecules. Ultrastructural studies employing immunogold staining in ultrathin cryosections of these macrophages showed large amounts of MHC-II molecules in intracellular sac-like vacuoles in the peripheral cytoplasm; most of these were negative for the lamp 1 lysosomal/endosomal membrane protein and cathepsin D. MHC-II molecules were also present in endosomes containing cathepsin D and lamp 1 as well as previously internalized gold-transferrin. The intracellular pool of MHC-II molecules was only slightly decreased by treatment with cycloheximide for 3 hr, indicating that it consisted mainly of endocytosed, recycling molecules, as opposed to nascent ones. These ultrastructural studies support the notion that there is endocytosis of MHC-II molecules into endocytic compartments, consistent with our earlier biochemical data. Furthermore, we have defined the distinct endocytic compartments that must mediate important functions in antigen processing, including the formation of MHC-II-peptide complexes.
Accuracy of Staging Node-Negative Pancreas Cancer (2007)

Examination of 15 lymph nodes appears to be optimal to accurately stage node-negative adenocarcinoma of the pancreas after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Furthermore, evaluation of at least 15 lymph nodes of a pancreaticoduodenectomy specimen may serve as a quality measure in the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Short-length microstructured phosphate glass fiber lasers with large mode areas (2005)

We report fabrication and testing of the first phosphate glass microstructured fiber lasers with large Er-Yb-codoped cores. For an 11-cm-long cladding-pumped fiber laser, more than 3 W of continuous wave output power is demonstrated, and near single-mode beam quality is obtained for an active core area larger than 400 microm2.
Privacy-Friendly Business Models for Location-Based Mobile Services (2011)

This paper presents a theoretical model to analyze the privacy issues involved in business models for location-based mobile services. We report the results of an exploratory field experiment in Switzerland that assessed the factors driving the net payoff to users of mobile businesses. We found that (1) the personal data disclosed by users has a negative effect on user payoff; (2) the amount of personalization available has a direct and positive effect, as well as a moderating effect, on user payoff; and (3) the amount of control over a user's personal data has a direct and positive effect, as well as a moderating effect, on user payoff. The results suggest that privacy protection could be the main value proposition in the B2C mobile market. From our theoretical model, we derive a set of guidelines to design a privacy-friendly business model pattern for thirdparty services. We discuss four examples to show how the mobile platform can play a key role in the implementation of these new business models.
Aeromechanics of passive rotation in flapping flight (2010)

Flying insects and robots that mimic them flap and rotate (or ‘pitch’) their wings with large angular amplitudes. The reciprocating nature of flapping requires rotation of the wing at the end of each stroke. Insects or flapping-wing robots could achieve this by directly exerting moments about the axis of rotation using auxiliary muscles or actuators. However, completely passive rotational dynamics might be preferred for efficiency purposes, or, in the case of a robot, decreased mechanical complexity and reduced system mass. Herein, the detailed equations of motion are derived for wing rotational dynamics, and a blade-element model is used to supply aerodynamic force and moment estimates. Passive-rotation flapping experiments with insect-scale mechanically driven artificial wings are conducted to simultaneously measure aerodynamic forces and three-degree-of-freedom kinematics (flapping, rotation and out-of-plane deviation), allowing a detailed evaluation of the blade-element model and the derived equations of motion. Variations in flapping kinematics, wing-beat frequency, stroke amplitude and torsional compliance are made to test the generality of the model. All experiments showed strong agreement with predicted forces and kinematics, without variation or fitting of model parameters.
A Plant DNA Isolation Protocol Suitable for Polymerase Chain Reaction Based Marker‐Assisted Breeding (1998)

An important, but often limiting step in marker‐assisted breeding is the efficient isolation of plant DNA for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. While there are many protocols for plant DNA isolation, they tend to be time consuming or difficult to use on many samples simultaneously. We have optimized an alternative approach to plant DNA isolation that immobilizes DNA on a solid matrix, followed by processing in a 96‐well microtiter plate. A single person can isolate DNA and initiate PCR‐based analyses for 96 individuals in one day. The DNA samples are suitable for several PCR‐based procedures, including random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), microsatellite (simple sequence repeats), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analyses. Because the DNA is immobilized on a solid matrix and processed in 96‐well plates, this protocol could be modified for robotic manipulation.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOT-DECK MULTIPLE IMPUTATION AND WEIGHTED LIKELIHOOD (1997)

Hot-deck imputation is an intuitively simple and popular method of accommodating incomplete data. Users of the method will often use the usual multiple imputation variance estimator which is not appropriate in this case. However, no variance expression has yet been derived for this easily implemented method applied to missing covariates in regression models. The simple hot-deck method is in fact asymptotically equivalent to the mean-score method for the estimation of a regression model parameter, so that hot-deck can be understood in the context of likelihood methods. Both of these methods accommodate data where missingness may depend on the observed variables but not on the unobserved value of the incomplete covariate, that is, missing at random (MAR). The asymptotic properties of hot-deck are derived here for the case where the fully observed variables are categorical, though the incomplete covariate(s) may be continuous. Simulation studies indicate that the two methods compare well in small samples and for small numbers of imputations. Current users of hot-deck may now conduct their analysis using mean-score, which is a weighted likelihood method and can thus be implemented by a single pass through the data using any standard package which accommodates weighted regression models. Valid inference is now straightforward using the variance expression provided here. The equivalence of mean-score and hot-deck is illustrated using three clinical data sets where an important covariate is missing for a large number of study subjects.
Zonal distribution and regulation of adrenal renin in a transgenic model of hypertension in the rat. (1992)

The hypertensive transgenic rat [TGR (mRen-2)27] is a genetic model of hypertension in which transfection of the Ren-2 mouse renin gene into rats results in severe hypertension. These transgenic rats express a high level of renin in the adrenal gland, and the hypertension is ameliorated by treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. In this study we investigated the distribution of adrenal renin in the TGR rat and examined the regulation of adrenal renin in a monolayer culture of adrenal cells. High concentrations of active renin and prorenin were found in the adrenal capsular (glomerulosa) and decapsular (fasciculata-medullary) portions of the TGR adrenal. This is in contrast with the Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rat, in which adrenal renin is found mostly in the active form and located primarily in the glomerulosa cells. The zonal distribution of aldosterone was also different in the TGR, with substantial amounts of aldosterone in the zona fasciculata as well as in the glomerulosa, while in the S-D rat, aldosterone is limited to the zona glomerulosa. In the primary monolayer culture of glomerulosa cells, TGR cells had significantly higher levels of active renin and prorenin and showed an increased response to ACTH and high potassium in the medium. Renin activity in the medium was predominantly in the form of prorenin and significantly higher than that in the S-D rat. Cultured fasciculata cells from TGR also produce renin that is stimulated by ACTH, but not by a high potassium concentration. Renin activity in the adrenal homogenate, medium, and plasma from TGR rats was completely inhibited by the renin inhibitor (CP 71362; 1 microM), but only slightly inhibited (12.3 +/- 3%) by a monoclonal antibody that inhibits renin activity from S-D rat tissues by 79.2 +/- 2.5%, suggesting that renin in the plasma and adrenal glands from TGR appears to derive primarily from mouse renin. In conclusion, the TGR (mRen-2)27 rats have higher than normal levels of adrenal renin, and the cultured cells show an exaggerated renin response to ACTH and potassium. The distribution of the renin enzyme in the adrenal zones of the TGR is similar to the distribution of mouse adrenal renin.
BOES: Building Occupancy Estimation System using sparse ambient vibration monitoring (2014)

In this paper, we present a room-level building occupancy estimation system (BOES) utilizing low-resolution vibration sensors that are sparsely distributed. Many ubiquitous computing and building maintenance systems require fine-grained occupancy knowledge to enable occupant centric services and optimize space and energy utilization. The sensing infrastructure support for current occupancy estimation systems often requires multiple intrusive sensors per room, resulting in systems that are both costly to deploy and difficult to maintain. To address these shortcomings, we developed BOES. BOES utilizes sparse vibration sensors to track occupancy levels and activities. Our system has three major components. 1) It extracts features that distinguish occupant activities from noise prone ambient vibrations and detects human footsteps. 2) Using a sequence of footsteps, the system localizes and tracks individuals by observing changes in the sequences. It uses this tracking information to identify when an occupant leaves or enters a room. 3) The entering and leaving room information are combined with detected individual location information to update the room-level occupancy state of the building. Through validation experiments in two different buildings, our system was able to achieve 99.55% accuracy for event detection, less than three feet average error for localization, and 85% accuracy in occupancy counting.
Definitionen von Grundbegriffen mit Bezug zu niedermolekularen und polymeren Flüssigkristallen (2004)

Abstract Dieses ist das erste von der IUPAC Commission on Macromolecular Nomenclature veröffentlichte Dokument zum Thema Flüssigkristalle. Wegen der Themenbreite wurde es in Zusammenarbeit mit der International Liquid Crystal Society erarbeitet. Es enthält Definitionen von Begriffen mit Bezug zu niedermolekularen und polymeren Flüssigkristallen und stützt sich auf grundlegende Definitionen, die bei der Beschreibung von Flüssigkristallen und in den Polymerwissenschaften weit verbreitet sind. Die Begriffe sind in fünf Abschnitte zusammengefasst: allgemeine Definitionen von flüssigkristallinen und mesomorphen Zuständen der Materie, Arten von Mesophasen, optische Texturen und Defekte von Flüssigkristallen, physikalische Charakteristika (einschließlich elektrooptischer und magnetooptischer Eigenschaften) von Flüssigkristallen und schließlich flüssigkristalline Polymere. Es wurden die Begriffe ausgewählt, die in der allgemein üblichen strukturellen, thermischen und elektrooptischen Beschreibung flüssigkristalliner Materialien häufig verwendet werden.
Identification and Role of a 6‐Deoxy‐4‐Keto‐Hexosamine in the Lipopolysaccharide Outer Core of <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i> Serotype O:3 (2009)

The outer core (OC) region of Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:3 lipopolysaccharide is a hexasaccharide essential for the integrity of the outer membrane. It is involved in resistance against cationic antimicrobial peptides and plays a role in virulence during early phases of infection. We show here that the proximal residue of the OC hexasaccharide is a rarely encountered 4-keto-hexosamine, 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-D-xylo-hex-4-ulopyranose (Sugp) and that WbcP is a UDP-GlcNAc-4,6-dehydratase enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of the nucleotide-activated form of this rare sugar converting UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose (UDP-D-GlcpNAc) to UDP-2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-D-xylo-hex-4-ulopyranose (UDP- Sugp). In an aqueous environment, the 4-keto group of this sugar was present in the 4-dihydroxy form, due to hydration. Furthermore, evidence is provided that the axial 4-hydroxy group of this dihydroxy function was crucial for the biological role of the OC, that is, in the bacteriophage and enterocoliticin receptor structure and in the epitope of a monoclonal antibody.
Thienyl and Thiazolyl Acyclic Analogs of 5-Deazatetrahydrofolic Acid (1994)

Analogues of N-[4-[[3-(2,4-diamino-1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-5-pyrimidinyl)propyl]amino] benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid (5-DACTHF), in which the phenylene group is replaced by either a thienoyl or a thiazolyl group were synthesized. These compounds were prepared by reductive amination of suitably protected pyrimidinylpropionaldehyde with the aminoaroyl glutamates. These glutamates were in turn synthesized from the corresponding nitroaroyl carboxylic acids by condensation with protected glutamic acid followed by catalytic reduction. The compounds were tested as inhibitors of methotrexate uptake as a measure of binding to the reduced folate transport system, as inhibitors of glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase, as substrates for folylpolyglutamate synthetase, and as inhibitors of tumor cell growth in cell culture. The thiophene analogue was found to be equal in activity to 5-DACTHF in the MCF-7 cell growth inhibition assay while the thiazole analogue was 9-fold more active. Indeed this thiazole was over 4 times more active in the MCF-7 cell line than the clinically investigated compound 5,10-dideaza-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid (DDATHF).
Analysis of the acoustic response in water and sand of different fiber optic sensing cables (2015)

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is a highly promising technology to efficiently monitor assets for energy production and transportation, both off- and on-shore, such as boreholes, pipelines and risers. The aim of the hereby-presented measurements is to evaluate the sensitivity of the different optical fiber cables to acoustic signals in sand and water, independently from the DAS read-out unit type and manufacturer. Acoustic sensing cables specifically designed by BRUGG Cables are characterized and compared to standard telecommunication cables. The spectral response of each cable was quantified using an all-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The response was also measured with calibrated microphones in order to convert the measurements into absolute physical units (Pascal). The measurement campaign is part of an investigation program for a reliable DAS system, which comprises the sensing cable (including installation procedure), the interrogator unit and suitable software.
Integration of textile-based sensors and Shimmer for breathing rate and volume measurement (2011)

The goal of this project is to integrate flexible textile sensors with the wearable wireless Shimmer platform(Realtime Technologies). The aim will be to create an intelligent garment that is capable of monitoring the health of the wearer in an unobtrusive manner. A respiration-monitoring shirt is be
Software synthesis for dynamic data flow graph (2002)

Data flow graph is a useful computational model to describe the functionality of a digital system. To execute a data flow graph on a target system, it should be synthesized to the code to be compiled on the target system. Current research activities on software synthesis are mainly focused on Synchronous Data Flow (SDF) graph, which can not represent the control structure of the application. On the other hand, Dynamic Data Flow (DDF) graph can express the control structure, such as conditionals and data dependent iterations. This paper synthesizes a C code for a DDF graph which includes not only the functions associated with the nodes of the graph, but also the run-time scheduler and the run-time buffer manager which can execute a DDF graph without deadlock with bounded memory requirement. In addition, this paper suggests hierarchical implementation of DDF which enhances the efficiency of run-time scheduling by clustering SDF type nodes as a specific macro node.
IP multimedia subsystems in 3GPP and 3GPP2: overview and scalability issues (2008)

The Internet has experienced tremendous expansion in the past several years. Demands for IP multimedia services are emerging. The third-generation (3G) wireless networks aim to support mobile users with numerous Internet services. 3G standards organizations are developing IP multimedia subsystems (IMS) to achieve seamless integration between Internet and 3G networks. Moreover, the collaboration between IETF, 3GPP, and 3GPP2 is essential to the development of IMS for next-generation networks. This article first provides an overview of 3GPP and 3GPP2 IMS and illustrates the IMS requirements, architectures, and functional models. We then discuss potential scalability issues in IMS. This article provides guidance for constructing a robust and scalable IMS.
Mechanism of the collision-induced dissociation of polyatomic ions studied by triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of the collision-induced dissociation of polyatomic ions studied by triple quadrupole mass spectrometryD. J. DouglasCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1982, 86, 2, 185–191Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100391a011https://doi.org/10.1021/j100391a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views767Altmetric-Citations113LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Complete emissions control for highly fuel-efficient automobiles via a simulated stack of electrochemical-catalytic cells (2011)

An electrochemical-catalytic converter can allow, for the first time since the implementation of environment regulation, the combustion efficiency of the automotive engines to be pursued to the maximum. This converter does not consume any reductant and can be carefree. Complete emissions control for zero pollution of the automotive engines can be achieved.
Identification of brain isoforms of the rat calcitonin receptor. (1993)

Two rat calcitonin receptor isoforms have been identified by cDNA cloning from a hypothalamic library. The clones, C1a and C1b, specified proteins of 478 and 515 amino acids, respectively. The clones were identical, except that the C1b sequence encoded a 37-amino acid insert in the second extracellular domain, which conferred altered ligand recognition. Compared to the C1a receptor, expressed C1b receptors exhibited decreased affinity for porcine CT, relative to salmon CT, and negligible affinity for human CT. Clone C1b mRNA was predominately expressed in the brain, whereas mRNA for the C1a clone was present in both brain and peripheral tissues. Both receptors were able to couple functionally to adenylate cyclase. Thus, clone C1b represents a novel brain isoform of the CT receptor with different affinity for CT analogs resulting from an altered second extracellular domain.
Subspace-constrained SCORE algorithms (2002)

The SCORE algorithms have been shown to be capable of blindly extracting a desired signal in the presence of unknown noise and interference by exploiting the cyclostationarity of the signal of interest. An analysis of SCORE is presented which demonstrates that, for fixed collect time, the output SINR degrades as the number of sensors increases. The best performance is obtained when the number of sensors equals the number of incident signals. A solution to this problem is presented which involves solving for the SCORE weight vectors subject to the constraint that they lie in the signal subspace of the observed data correlation matrix. It is shown that incorporation of this constraint improves the convergence rate when the signal subspace exists and may be accurately estimated. The effect of rank estimation error is also considered. >
Analog CMOS Building Blocks for Custom and Semicustom Applications (1984)

Standard analog building blocks developed for use in custom and semicustom LSI and VLSI designs are described. The analog blocks are built using a digital CMOS process modified to include high-value resistors and voltage independent capacitors. Designs for operational amplifiers, programmable voltage sources, comparators, band gap voltage references, unit resistors, capacitors, and n-p-n devices are discussed. Performance characteristics including unity-gain bandwidth, output drive, output impedance, and common mode range are reviewed. MOS noise data subthreshold operation, and device matching are analyzed. Layout guidelines are proposed as well as applications and limitations of the analog building blocks.
Note—Some Equivalent Objectives for Dynamic Network Flow Problems (1982)

Many important problems can be modeled as dynamic (time-expanded) network flow problems. For example, in building evacuation we might use twenty nodes to represent a room at 3 minute intervals over an hour, and use arcs to indicate the feasible passages, over time, among the various rooms. The purpose of this note is to demonstrate that it is possible to satisfy at least three important objectives simultaneously in a maximal dynamic network flow problem. These are (1) construction of an earliest arrival schedule (i.e., a solution which maximizes flow in the first p periods, for every p), (2) minimization of the period at which the last unit of flow arrives at the sink, and (3) minimization of the average time for all flow to arrive at the sink.