gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetics and Modeling of Wet Etching of Aluminum Oxide by Warm Phosphoric Acid (1996)

Aluminum oxide has been used widely in the microelectronic industry for dielectric films. Etching kinetics of vacuum sputtered aluminum oxide films by warm phosphoric acid is studied. The etch rate is found to be constant when the concentration and temperature of the etchant are fixed and the films being etched come from the same deposition batch. Etch rates obtained at different etchant concentrations show that over the industrial range of interest, the kinetics are first order in the hydrogen ion concentration which is a limiting form of a more general site model. Experiments of varying the etching temperature lead to the conclusion that the process is reaction controlled.
Generalization of ILQ Method for the Design of Optimal Servo Systems (1988)

Recently, a new design method of optimal servo systems, called “ILQ Method”, has been developed by applying the pole placement method. This paper treats its generalization for relaxation of a restriction imposed on the system in its original version. By a natural extension of the selection method of design parameters as well as the pole placement algorithm, the restriction can be relaxed significantly. Under a relaxed condition, the design parameters can be chosen so as to specify each output response in a certain class, and in addition, the optimal gain achieving such specified output responses can be expressed explicitly in terms of the system matrices and the design parameters. Some numerical examples are also illustrated to show the validity of the design method.
Biocompatible Carbon Nanotubes Generated by Functionalization with Glycodendrimers (2008)

Protective coatings: Glycodendrimers can function as homogeneous bioactive coatings that mitigate the cytotoxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The bifunctional glycodendrimers (see picture) have peripheral carbohydrate units and a pyrene tail capable of binding SWNT surfaces through π–π interaction. Cells cultured with glycodendrimer-coated SWNTs proliferate at the same rate as untreated cells. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Review: Rho kinase as a therapeutic target in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2007)

Asthma is a complex inflammatory disease of the airways involving reversible bronchoconstriction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is typified by inflammation and airflow limitation that has an irreversible component. There is now substantial evidence that Rho kinase is involved in many of the pathways that contribute to the pathologies associated with these respiratory diseases including bronchoconstriction, airway inflammation, airway remodelling, neuromodulation and exacerbations due to respiratory tract viral infection. Indeed the Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 causes bronchodilatation and reduces pulmonary eosinophilia trafficking and airways hyperresponsiveness. Furthermore, accumulating evidence suggests that inhibition of Rho kinase could have a major beneficial impact on symptoms and disease progression in asthma and COPD by modulating several other systems and processes. Thus, the Rho kinase pathway may indeed be a worthwhile therapeutic target in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
C. P. E. 바흐 즉흥연주기법의 이론과 실제: 그의 시론서와 판타지아 총 18곡을 중심으로 (2017)

C. P. E. 바흐는 18세기 중엽부터 중·북부 독일을 중심으로 활동한 작곡가일 뿐만 아니라 유능한 건반연주가, 음악이론가, 교육가, 공연기획자 등으로 다양하게 재능을 발휘하였으며 당대에는 부친인 J. S. 바흐보다도 영향력 있는 음악가로서 큰 명성을 날렸다.
특히 당시의건반음악 연주법과 그의 음악이념을 집대성한 두 권의 저서『올바른 건반악기 연주를 위한 시론서』(Versuch uber die wahre Art das Clavier zu spielen Ⅰ&Ⅱ, 1753, 1762)의 영향은 실로 막대하다 할 수 있는데, 이 시론서의 독자성은 무엇보다도 제2권의 끝을 장식하는 ‘즉흥연주기법’ 부분에 있다. 즉흥연주는 바로크 초기부터 당대에 이르기까지 필수적인 연주요소로서 음악가로의 재능을 평가받는 매우 중요한 척도였는데도 불구하고, 당대의 소위 ‘4대 음악 논서’로 불리던 대표적인 것들 가운데 오직 C. P. E. 바흐의 시론서가 ‘즉흥연주기법’을 별도의 소제목으로 다루고있다. 뿐만 아니라 이 내용이“지금까지 존재한 위대한 건반음악 작곡가이며 감정표현에 탁월한 가장 뛰어난 연주자”로까지 극찬 받던 C. P. E. 바흐가 자신의 즉흥연주 기술을 그대로 전수하고자 한 목적으로 쓴 것이기 때문에 그 가치는 실로 엄청나다고 할 수 있다. 그는 이 ‘즉흥연주기법’의 실현을 판타지아 연주와 동일시하면서 이 부분을 전적으로 ‘프리 판타지아’(der Freien Fantasie)의 즉흥연주기법으로 채우고 있다.
이러한 이유로 C. P. E. 바흐의 즉흥연주기법을 대표하는 판타지아 연구는 그 자체로 의미가 있지만 현재 C. P. E. 바흐 판타지아 전곡을 대상으로 한 연구는 전무한 형편인 가운데 필자의 “W. F. 바흐 vs. C. P. E. 바흐의 건반 판타지아 전곡 비교분석 연구”에서 J. S. 바흐의 판타지아 전곡과 함께 두 아들의 판타지아 유형을 비교한 개괄적인 연구가 유일하다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본고는 C. P. E. 바흐 즉흥연주기법의 이론과 그 실제를 심도 있게 고찰하기 위하여 그의 저서에 제시된 판타지아의 즉흥연주기법을 개관한 후 평생에 걸쳐 쓴 18곡의 판타지아를 화음, 선율, 기타 즉흥연주기법으로 분류하여 분석하였고 그 세부진행도 상세히 살펴보았다.
Noise evaluation of Compton camera imaging for proton therapy (2015)

Compton Cameras emerged as an alternative for real-time dose monitoring techniques for Particle Therapy (PT), based on the detection of prompt-gammas. As a consequence of the Compton scattering process, the gamma origin point can be restricted onto the surface of a cone (Compton cone). Through image reconstruction techniques, the distribution of the gamma emitters can be estimated, using cone-surfaces backprojections of the Compton cones through the image space, along with more sophisticated statistical methods to improve the image quality. To calculate the Compton cone required for image reconstruction, either two interactions, the last being photoelectric absorption, or three scatter interactions are needed. Because of the high energy of the photons in PT the first option might not be adequate, as the photon is not absorbed in general. However, the second option is less efficient. That is the reason to resort to spectral reconstructions, where the incoming γ energy is considered as a variable in the reconstruction inverse problem. Jointly with prompt gamma, secondary neutrons and scattered photons, not strongly correlated with the dose map, can also reach the imaging detector and produce false events. These events deteriorate the image quality. Also, high intensity beams can produce particle accumulation in the camera, which lead to an increase of random coincidences, meaning events which gather measurements from different incoming particles. The noise scenario is expected to be different if double or triple events are used, and consequently, the reconstructed images can be affected differently by spurious data. The aim of the present work is to study the effect of false events in the reconstructed image, evaluating their impact in the determination of the beam particle ranges. A simulation study that includes misidentified events (neutrons and random coincidences) in the final image of a Compton Telescope for PT monitoring is presented. The complete chain of detection, from the beam particle entering a phantom to the event classification, is simulated using FLUKA. The range determination is later estimated from the reconstructed image obtained from a two and three-event algorithm based on Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximization. The neutron background and random coincidences due to a therapeutic-like time structure are analyzed for mono-energetic proton beams. The time structure of the beam is included in the simulations, which will affect the rate of particles entering the detector.
Rho-independent terminators without 3′ poly-U tails from the early region of actinophage øC31 (1995)

Previous work has identified three intergenic regions from the early region of actinophage øC31 where transcription was either terminated or the mRNA was processed. Here we show using in vivo and in vitro approaches that these regions contain rho-independent terminators designated eta, etb and etc. Transcripts through eta-c would be expected to form stable RNA stem-loops but would lack poly-U tails. Eta-c contained part or all of the conserved sequences 5' AGCCCC and 5' GGGGCTT. A Streptomyces 'terminator probe' vector, pUGT1, was constructed and used to assay the efficiency of termination of transcription by eta-c from the thiostrepton-inducible tipA promoter by measuring the expression of a downstream reporter gene (aphII). In pUGT1 etb was at best a minor terminator in vivo whilst eta and etc exhibited strong termination activity. In vitro termination was assayed using templates containing a synthetic promoter recognised by E.coli RNA polymerase and fragments containing eta-c inserted downstream. All three terminators stimulated the formation of 3' ends in the promoter-distal arm of the inverted repeats with efficiencies eta > etc > etb. As all three terminators either overlap with or lie close to sequences which interact with phage repressor proteins (conserved inverted repeats, CIRs) and these can potentially form stem-loop structures in RNA, the effect of CIRs on termination was also investigated. Termination at etb was unaffected by the presence or absence on the transcription template of CIR3. CIR4 forms the central 17 bp of etc and a 37 nt deletion which eliminated this stem-loop abolished termination in vivo and in vitro. Eta was investigated using an antisense oligonucleotide interference assay; an oligo designed to bind the 5' arm of eta inhibited termination whilst an oligo antisense to CIR5 was ineffective and an oligo targeted further upstream enhanced termination. Taken together these data show that eta-c are intrinsic, rho-independent terminators of varying efficiencies despite the absence of a poly-U tail.
Heat Shock Protein 60 Activates B Cells via the TLR4-MyD88 Pathway (2005)

We recently reported that soluble 60-kDa heat shock protein (HSP60) can directly activate T cells via TLR2 signaling to enhance their Th2 response. In this study we investigated whether HSP60 might also activate B cells by an innate signaling pathway. We found that human HSP60 (but not the Escherichia coli GroEL or the Mycobacterial HSP65 molecules) induced naive mouse B cells to proliferate and to secrete IL-10 and IL-6. In addition, the HSP60-treated B cells up-regulated their expression of MHC class II and accessory molecules CD69, CD40, and B7-2. We tested the functional ability of HSP60-treated B cells to activate an allogeneic T cell response and found enhanced secretion of both IL-10 and IFN-gamma by the responding T cells. The effects of HSP60 were found to be largely dependent on TLR4 and MyD88 signaling; B cells from TLR4-mutant mice or from MyD88 knockout mice showed decreased responses to HSP60. Care was taken to rule out contamination of the HSP60 with LPS as a causative factor. These findings add B cells to the complex web of interactions by which HSP60 can regulate immune responses.
Synthesis, structure, and reactivity of {.eta.3-HB(3-tert-Bupz)3}BeCH3, a terminal beryllium alkyl complex supported by tris(3-tert-butylpyrazolyl)hydroborato ligation (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, structure, and reactivity of {.eta.3-HB(3-tert-Bupz)3}BeCH3, a terminal beryllium alkyl complex supported by tris(3-tert-butylpyrazolyl)hydroborato ligationRunyu Han and Gerard ParkinCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 22, 4968–4970Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00074a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00074a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views109Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A cost-effective methodology for a run-by-run EWMA controller (2002)

In this paper, we present a cost-effective methodology for a run-by-run EWMA controller. This controller is an integrated approach that combines the advantages of statistical process control and feedback control. It adjusts the equipment settings only when the control chart detects an abnormal trend. Using simulations, we take into consideration the control sensitivity, robustness, and adjustment number required to determine an optimal weight for a minimum cost. As the simulation results demonstrate, the cost-effective run-by-run controller is able to keep drifting process outputs close to the target with only few runs of adjustment.
Synthesis and modification of thermoresponsive poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) via catalytic chain transfer polymerization and thiol–ene Michael addition (2011)

Various poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate)s (POEGMEMAs) have been prepared by Catalytic Chain Transfer Polymerization (CCTP) using a range of OEGMEMA monomers (molecular weight from 180 to 1100 g mol−1). The chain transfer constants of bis(boron difluorodimethylglyoximate) cobalt(II) (CoBF) were determined and are reported for each monomer. The copolymerization of POEGMEMA (Mn = 475 g mol−1) with diethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (DEGMEMA) yielded thermoresponsive polymers. The lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) of the polymer chains can be tuned by the copolymer composition over the range 30 °C to 95 °C. In addition, the presence of the vinylic end-group, characteristic of CCT polymerization, provided further scope for post-synthetic modification via thiol–ene click chemistry, through nucleophilic Michael addition with various functional thiol compounds such as 2-mercaptoethanol, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, benzyl mercaptan and 1-dodecanethiol. The thiol–ene reaction was rigorously tested, optimized and characterized in this study in terms of solvents and most importantly the choice of the catalyst: dimethyl phenyl phosphine, tertiary amine or hexylamine. The optimum conditions reported allow near-quantitative functionalization of these macromonomers without significant side reactions. The effect of the end-group on the LCST has also been investigated, as well as thermal stability temperature of the copolymers.
Effect of Surfactant Concentration on the Morphology and Texture of MCM-41 Materials (2008)

Using a simple route for preparing uniform spherical mesoporous MCM-41 materials based on a one-step synthesis in an all-water medium, we have investigated the effects of changes of the surfactant composition. The morphology, texture and structure of five samples with different compositions reveal that both, the external organization and internal pore structure, are governed by the silicate:surfactant ratio. The intake of fluids into the pores—an important issue for the use of this material in biotechnology such as localized drug delivery, vectorization of drugs, biosensing applications, and biochemical separations—was checked and confirmed.
<b>Initiation of Sendai virus multiplication from transfected cDNA or RNA with negative or positive sense</b> (1996)

We have established methods which greatly improve the recovery of Sendai virus from cDNA. There is essentially no absolute obstacle to recovery of the virus from the (-)RNA template. Even the complete full length RNA chain in the naked form appears to be properly encapsidated to become a functional template.
Results of a clinical trial of the holmium:YAG laser in disc decompression utilizing a side-firing fiber: A two-year follow-up (1996)

LADD appears to be a viable treatment modality for symptomatic, nonsequestered lumbar disc herniation recalcitrant to conservative treatment. LADD may represent a more cost-effective and safer alternative to traditional surgical procedures.
The Nine Songs: A Study of Shamanism in Ancient China (1957)

The Nine Songs were composed in the third century BC and have long been recognized by the Chinese as having Shamanic origins. They throw light on a form of religion widely spread throughout the Far East, as well as being of striking beauty as poetry. In this small book Arthur Waley has translated the poems with a commentary that tells of the various deities the Shamans served, and in an introduction he provides a general account of Shamanism in early China.
The human cardiac muscle ryanodine receptor-calcium release channel: identification, primary structure and topological analysis (1996)

Rapid Ca2+ efflux from intracellular stores during cardiac muscle excitation-contraction coupling is mediated by the ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel, a large homotetrameric complex present in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. We report here the identification, primary structure and topological analysis of the ryanodine receptor-calcium release channel from human cardiac muscle (hRyR-2). Consistent with sedimentation and immunoblotting studies on the hRyR-2 protein, sequence analysis of ten overlapping cDNA clones reveals an open reading frame of 14901 nucleotides encoding a protein of 4967 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 564 569 Da for hRyR-2. In-frame insertions corresponding to eight and ten amino acid residues were found in two of the ten cDNAs isolated, suggesting that novel, alternatively spliced transcripts of the hRyR-2 gene might exist. Six hydrophobic stretches, which are present within the hRyR-2 C-terminal 500 amino acids and are conserved in all RyR sequences, may be involved in forming the transmembrane domain that constitutes the Ca(2+)-conducting pathway, in agreement with competitive ELISA studies with a RyR-2-specific antibody. Sequence alignment of hRyR-2 with other RyR isoforms indicates a high level of overall identity within the RyR family, with the exception of two important regions that exhibit substantial variability. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the RyR-2 isoform diverged from a single ancestral gene before the RyR-1 and RyR-3 isoforms to form a distinct branch of the RyR family tree.
South African pilchard oil. 2. Concentrates of highly unsaturated fatty acids and alcohols derived from South African pilchard oil (1954)

Research Article| August 01 1954 South African pilchard oil. 2. Concentrates of highly unsaturated fatty acids and alcohols derived from South African pilchard oil* M. H. Silk; M. H. Silk † 1National Chemical Research Laboratory, South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H. H. Sephton; H. H. Sephton 1National Chemical Research Laboratory, South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H. H. Hahn H. H. Hahn ‡ 1National Chemical Research Laboratory, South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1954) 57 (4): 574–577. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0570574 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation M. H. Silk, H. H. Sephton, H. H. Hahn; South African pilchard oil. 2. Concentrates of highly unsaturated fatty acids and alcohols derived from South African pilchard oil. Biochem J 1 August 1954; 57 (4): 574–577. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0570574 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1954 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1954 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Sterilization by Gamma Irradiation (2012)

Sterilization is defined as any process that effectively kills or eliminates almost all microorganisms like fungi, bacteria, viruses, spore forms. There are many different sterilization methods depending on the purpose of the sterilization and the material that will be sterilized. The choice of the sterilization method alters depending on materials and devices for giving no harm. These sterilization methods are mainly: dry heat sterilization, pressured vapor sterilization, ethylene oxide (EtO) sterilization, formaldehyde sterilization, gas plasma (H2O2 ) sterilization, peracetic acid sterilization, e-beam sterilization and gamma sterilization.
A high lock-in speed digital phase-locked loop (1991)

A digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) consisting of a modified 9-gate phase detector, a frequency multiplier, and a loop filter is described. All the components are implemented in digital hardware. The Z-transform is employed to deduce the system function, and some simple properties of the DPLL are inferred by examining the mathematical model. The advantages of the proposed DPLL are: high lock-in speed, no steady-state frequency tracking error even for period ramp input signals; and ease of integration into a single chip. The use of the DPLL to realize the pitch synchronous analysis of voiced speech is reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis and Microbiological Properties of 3-Amino-3,4-dihydro-1-hydroxycarbostyril<sup>1</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Microbiological Properties of 3-Amino-3,4-dihydro-1-hydroxycarbostyril1Alvie L. Davis, Ok Hi Park Choun, Drusilla E. Cook, and Tommy J. McCordCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1964, 7, 5, 632–634Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00335a014https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00335a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts