gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
22.1: <i>Invited Paper</i> : High‐Luminance Carbon Nanotube FED (2000)

Abstract An excellent performance of carbon‐nanotubes as field‐emitters was demonstrated using a high‐voltage FED elements at SID in 1998 where a light‐source tube for outdoor large size display and diode type flat panel were presented with the screen printed nanotube cathode. After that, a triode type paper which describes an x‐y addressable high‐luminance FED panel was introduced at IDRC in 1999. The experimental panel was performed ca.7×105 cd/m 2 green light at 6kV, ca.1mA/cm 2 dc‐driving condition.[2] The results show the excellent performance of carbon nanotube FED as flat panel displays which are applicable to large size TV devices. This panel will be not only suitable for future TV display but also light‐sources for field sequential color LCDs.
Identification of the Factors Responsible for the Selective <i>in vitro</i> Cytotoxic Activity of Isoprenylated Coumarin Derivatives under Nutrient-deprived Conditions (2015)

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most devastating forms of human cancer. The lack of effective clinical treatments for pancreatic cancer has led to one of the lowest five-year survival rates among all cancers. Recently, our laboratory has developed a novel series of isoprenylated coumarin derivatives that have exhibited anti-pancreatic cancer activity exclusively under nutrient-deprived conditions. In this study, we report the effect of the various cell culture medium components on the preferential cytotoxicity of our lead isoprenylated coumarin compound against the pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line PANC-1. In particular, our findings show a clear link between observed cytotoxicity and glucose deprivation, suggesting that our compound targets a salvage pathway when glycolysis is no longer an option for cancer cell survival. The cytotoxicity of our lead compound was also examined in vitro against two other pancreatic cancer cell lines, BxPC-3 and Capan-2 under both nutrient-rich and nutrient-deprived conditions.
Prognostic Significance of Host‐ and Tumor‐Related Factors in Patients with Gastric Cancer (2009)

This model based on N/L ratio, tumor size, and clinical T grouping before treatment offers a very informative scoring system for predicting prognosis of gastric cancer.
The effect of smoking on gingival crevicular fluid levels of myeloperoxidase (2010)

GM levels were significantly higher in smokers with periodontitis compared with others. Hence, more incidence of mutagenesis and cytotoxicity were noted at sites of inflammation mediated by GM in smokers compared with non-smokers.
[Invited Paper] Development of Super Multi-View Displays (2013)

Conventional three-dimensional (3D) displays have a problem regarding human 3D perception. There is a conflict between vergence and accommodation, which are physiological factors of human 3D perception, and this conflict causes visual fatigue. Therefore, super multi-view (SMV) displays have been developed to solve this problem. In SMV displays, the interval between viewpoints is reduced such that it is smaller than the pupil diameter of the eyes. Measurements of eye responses show that the SMV displays have the effect of enlarging the depth of focus (DOF) of eyes. When 3D images are displayed in the enlarged DOF range, the vergence-accommodation conflict does not occur. However, the SMV displays must generate highdensity viewpoints. This paper describes several SMV display systems, such as the focused light array system, the multi-projection system, the flat-panel system, the hybrid system, the time-multiplexing system, and the head-mount system. Future developments are also discussed.
Design of a 5V-output boost DC-DC converter with improved protection functions for battery-operated devices (2017)

In this paper, a step-up dc-dc converter for mobile device applications is proposed. The converter is operated with 1 MHz high switching frequency. The power stage of converter includes an inductor, an output capacitor, MOS transistors and feedback resistors for control loop. The control stage consists of an error amplifier, comparator, a ramp generator for PWM block, bandgap reference and soft start block with power transistor. Also, the circuit includes protection block such as over voltage protection (OVP), under voltage lock out (UVLO) and thermal shutdown (TSD) block. The proposed step-up converter has been designed with a 0.18 um CMOS process technology. Simulation results show an output voltage of 5 V with a ripple of 40 mV at the output current of 100 mA for an input voltage of 3.3 V.
Role of hydrodynamic interactions in the migration of polyelectrolytes driven by a pressure gradient and an electric field (2010)

Experiments have shown that DNA molecules in capillary electrophoresis migrate across field lines if a pressure gradient is applied simultaneously. We suggest that this migration results from an electrically driven flow field around the polyelectrolyte, which generates additional contributions to the center-of-mass velocity if the overall polymer conformation is asymmetric. This hypothesis leads to a coarse-grained polymer model, without explicit charges, that quantitatively explains the experimentally observed migration. The simulations contradict the widely held notion that charge neutrality eliminates the effects of hydrodynamic interactions in electrically driven flows of polyelectrolytes. We predict a measurable increase in the electrophoretic velocity of a sheared polyelectrolyte that depends on chain length.
Method and means for detection of hydrogen attack by ultrasonic wave velocity measurements (1991)

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Particle Clustering and Pattern Formation during Electrophoretic Deposition:  A Hydrodynamic Model (1997)

Clustering of latex particles 4−10 μm in diameter during and after electrophoretic deposition of the particles onto flat electrodes has been reported by Böhmer (Langmuir 1996, 12, 5747). The particles interacted over length scales comparable to their size in the formative stages of the clusters. Combinations of two or more clusters already deposited approached each other to form larger agglomerates. A model based on electroosmotic flow about charged particles near surfaces is developed here to explain these observations. A charged, nonconducting particle near or on a flat conducting surface creates flow in the adjacent fluid due to electroosmosis about the particle's surface. Fluid is drawn laterally toward the particle near the electrode and pushed outward from the particle farther away from the electrode above the particle. Another particle near the electrode will be drawn toward the central particle by this convection. We first solve for the flow field about a single particle and then compute the rearrangement of neighboring particles in response to the flows. The clustering times for different initial configurations of sets of particles (e.g., regular versus irregular spacing) are calculated. The average clustering times for irregular configurations are greater than those for regular arrays. The qualitative and quantitative features of the experimental observations are captured by this model if the hindrance effect of the solid wall is taken into account. For example, the model correctly predicts the observed declustering (separation) of particles when the polarity of the electric field is reversed as well as the observed cluster-to-cluster motion.
End-user program analysis (2008)

Program analysis tools are being adopted by industry to improve the reliability and overall quality of software like never before because they can rule out entire classes of errors. Yet, today's tools are far from being as effective or as broadly applied as they could be because for the most part, they are considered expert tools. <p> Because of fundamental limitations in what can be computed automatically, all program analyzers must incorporate some amount of domain-specific knowledge. Typically, such domain-specific knowledge is either provided by expert-user specification or built directly into the analyzer. The former approach often expects a high-level of program analysis expertise, while the latter does not allow for any input from the program developer --- the person who best understands the code being analyzed. Instead, we advocate a more flexible view where we look to users to cooperate with the analyzer but without expecting them to be program analysis experts. That is, we make progress towards end-user program analysis where non-experts can interact with an analyzer to provide the domain-specific knowledge it needs in order to give users the analysis results they want. <p> In particular, this dissertation presents a new technique, based on the end-user approach, for precise program analysis in the presence of data structures. Program analyzers that reason precisely about data structures have typically required sophisticated (and thus often burdensome) logical invariant specifications from the user. Instead, we propose a novel way to involve the user in guiding the analysis by extracting both the necessary invariants and reasoning rules from executable assertions. <p> Our technique is based on data structure validation code that is often written anyway for testing purposes. From the developer's perspective, such validation code provides guidance to the analysis in a familiar style, and we show how our analysis results can be rendered graphically in a form that is comparable to what might be drawn on a whiteboard or printed in a textbook. From the analysis tool's perspective, data structure validation code provides the essential ingredients for a good abstraction that precisely represents the important facts while ignoring irrelevant details. The crucial innovations in our system are automatic methods for understanding and generalizing the developer-provided data structure validation code specifications in order to make them useful for static program analysis.
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy for psoriatic arthritis. (2003)

As erosive and deforming arthritis is present in 40% of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), early and aggressive treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) may be as effective in controlling the progression of the disease as it is for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methotrexate (MTX), sulfasalazine (SSZ), and cyclosporine (CsA) are the most widely used DMARDs in the treatment of PsA and are safe and effective in patients with active peripheral arthritis, although they do not appear to be effective on axial manifestations. No controlled study has evaluated the efficacy of these drugs on the progression of radiological damage. It has recently been demonstrated that leflunomide and anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents are effective in PsA and psoriasis. The symptomatic improvement has been important and sustained and side effects minimal. In particular, inhibitors of TNF appear to have excellent potential to treat PsA. These agents are able to slow joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis and they are effective on spinal symptoms in ankylosing spondylitis. Hopefully, these findings will prove true in PsA as well.
Unique Effects of Iron(III) Ions on Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Titanium Dioxide (1997)

Photocatalytic oxidation of water on TiO2 (rutile) powder proceeded with a fairly high efficiency (about 9%) when iron(III) ions were used as the electron acceptor. The reaction continued until all iron(III) ions added to the solution were reduced into iron(II) ions. This behavior was in marked contrast to other reversible photocatalytic reactions, whose reaction rates decelerate as the result of the back reactions of the products on the photocatalysts. The efficient oxidation of water in the presence of iron(III) ions was attributed to preferential adsorption of iron(III) ions on TiO2 over iron(II) ions, which enabled efficient oxidation of water, although this reaction was thermodynamically less favorable than oxidation of iron(II) ions. Furthermore, from the measurements of photocurrents at crystalline TiO2 electrodes, iron(III) ions were concluded to have a catalytic function for the oxidation of water on photoirradiated TiO2.
Modification of Late Membrane Permeability in Avian Reovirus-infected Cells (2002)

Infection of chicken embryo fibroblasts by avian reovirus induces an increase in the permeability of the host plasma membrane at late, but not early, infection times. The absence of permeability changes at early infection times, as well as the dependence of late membrane modification on both viral protein synthesis and an active exocytic route, suggest that a virus-encoded membrane protein is required for avian reovirus to permeabilize cells. Further studies revealed that expression of nonstructural p10 protein in bacterial cells arrested cell growth and enhanced membrane permeability. Membrane leakiness was also observed following transient expression of p10 in BSC-40 monkey cells. Both its permeabilizing effect and the fact that p10 shares several structural and physical characteristics with other membrane-active viral proteins indicate that p10 is an avian reovirus viroporin. Furthermore, the fusogenic extracellular NH(2)-terminal domain of p10 appears to be dispensable for permeabilizing activity, because its deletion entirely abolished the fusogenic activity of p10, without affecting its ability to associate with cell membranes and to enhance membrane permeability. Similar properties have reported previously for immunodeficiency virus type I transmembrane glycoprotein gp41. Thus, like gp41, p10 appears to be a multifunctional protein that plays key roles in virus-host interaction.
Relation between electric properties and water saturation for hematitic sandstone with frequency (2008)

This paper focuses on the effect of water saturation on A. C. electrical conductivity and dielectric constant of fully and partially saturated hematitic sandstone sample (Aswan area, Egypt). The saturation of the sample was changed from partial to full saturation. Complex resistivity measurements at room temperature (~16°C), were performed in the frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 100 KHz. Experimental electrical spectra indicate, generally, that the electrical conductivity and dielectric constant vary strongly with water saturations and frequency. The low frequency electrical conductivity and dielectric constant are mainly controlled by surface conduction and polarization of the electrical double layer. The behaviour of the electrical conductivity and dielectric constant, with increasing water content, were argued to the orientational polarization of bound water for very low saturations, displacement of the excess surface charges for relatively low saturations, and free exchange of excess ions in double layer with the bulk electrolyte and generation of transient diffusion potentials which lag behind the applied field for high saturations.
An Investigation into Predicting Vortex Ring State in Rotary Aircraft (2015)

Results from wind tunnel experiments and Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations have been presented which suggest it may be possible to predict when a rotary aircraft will enter Vortex Ring State (VRS). Results suggest that the formation of a small, toroidal vortex which develops approximately 2.5 blade radiuses above the rotor plane of a model helicopter develops over time as the model helicopter descends into VRS. As the toroidal vortex develops, the lift the rotor is producing decreases over time until the toroidal vortex has reached the rotor plane of the model helicopter. Repeating the experiment using the same model at different wind tunnel and rotor speeds to cause it to descend into VRS produces the same results. Repeating the experiment using a propeller also produces the same results. CFD simulations show the formation of the toroidal vortex and development into VRS.
Driving Software Defined Networks with XSP (2012)

This paper presents the eXtensible Session Protocol (XSP), which provides a control plane for driving Software Defined Networks (SDNs). The XSP model supports proactive, application-driven configuration of dynamic network resources with support for authentication and authorization, within an extensible protocol framework. We describe XSP application use cases in SDNs using OpenFlow enabled network devices as well as dynamic forwarding rule management that can be implemented on existing router platforms.
Mathematical modelling of implant in an operated hernia for estimation of the repair persistence (2013)

This paper presents mathematical modelling of an implanted surgical mesh used in the repair process of the abdominal hernia. The synthetic implant is simulated by a membrane structure. The author provides a material modelling of the implant based on the dense net model appropriate for technical fabrics. The accuracy of the proposed solution is evaluated by comparing the simulations of the dynamic behaviour of the system with the experiments carried out on physical models of implanted mesh. The model can be used to estimate the repair persistence for different mesh materials, fixing systems and different numbers of tacks to be provided during the surgery in order to resist the cough pressure and required action to avoid hernia recurrence. The persistence of the repaired hernia is assessed on the basis of the values of the forces in the tissue-implant joints because the usual form of the repair failure is due to as the joint disconnection or tissue failure.
The Modelling of Adsorption and Precipitation Scale Inhibitor Squeeze Treatments in North Sea Fields (1993)

Abstract This paper presents an analyste and design study of field scale inhibitor squeeze treatments. Simulators of varying levels of complexity have been used to model squeeze data from several wells in North Sea fields. The modelling has been carried out both for simple single sandbody squeezes and for inhibitor treatments in heterogeneous systems where there is free crossflow between strata. The appropriately matched results are then used in the design of improved inhibitor squeeze strategies for the fields studied. The main results from this study relate to the field design criteria which should be applied to both adsorption/desorption and "precipitation" scale inhibitor squeeze treatments. Using quite simple models to simulate the field results, a wide range of sensitivities in adsorption/desorption squeeze treatments has been investigated (e.g. injection concentration, overflush size, shut-in time etc). A more complex model was used to simulate an adsorption squeeze carried out in a multi-layer, near-well formation. Results show the significant effect of reservoir heterogeneity on inhibitor returns and, for such cases, that the placement strategy for inhibitor slug injection should be taken into consideration. A field "precipitation" squeeze has also been modelled which highlights the effect of local formation temperature. The results demonstrate the importance of selecting appropriate preflush and overflush volumes for creating the correct thermal conditions for in-situ inhibitor "precipitation". A number of generally applicable conclusions arise from our study and some example economic results are presented. In particular, for precipitation type processes, some field application guidelines are given for the first time in the literature.
Rapid Fabrication Tissue Engineering by Plastic Compression (2005)

Development of 3D connective tissues in vitro is heavily dependent upon remodelling of the matrix, in particular collagen by resident cells. This process is often difficult to control, slow and
The use of transformations. (1947)

1. Theoretical Discussion. The purpose of this note is to summarize the transformations which have been used on raw statistical data, with particular reference to analysis of variance. For any such analysis the usual purpose of the transformation is to change the scale of the measurements in order to make the analysis more valid. Thus the conditions required for assessing accuracy in the ordinary unweighted analysis of variance include the important one of a constant residual or error variance, and if the variance tends to change with the mean level of the measurements, the variance will only be stabilized by a suitable change of scale. If the form of the change of variance with mean level is known, this determines the type of transformation to use. Suppose we write
BIOLOGICAL RESURFACING: AN ALTERNATIVE TO TOTAL JOINT ARTHROPLASTY (1994)

These preliminary observations suggest that the functional repair of adult hyaline cartilage is controlled by the entrance and lineage progression of uncommitted MSCs into chondrocytes under the direction of specific biological and mechanical cues which represent a recapitulation of embryonic events. This concept implies that to some extent the regeneration of destroyed articular cartilage is limited by an inadequate supply of MSCs from the host and their inefficient interaction with the appropriate factors at the local site. Finally, the use of autologous cell tissue engineering could provide the basis of an important application for the repair of deficient joint surfaces as a result of trauma or osteoarthritis.
Charge transport in metal oxides: A theoretical study of hematite α-Fe2O3 (2005)

Transport of conduction electrons and holes through the lattice of alpha-Fe(2)O(3) (hematite) is modeled as a valence alternation of iron cations using ab initio electronic structure calculations and electron transfer theory. Experimental studies have shown that the conductivity along the (001) basal plane is four orders of magnitude larger than the conductivity along the [001] direction. In the context of the small polaron model, a cluster approach was used to compute quantities controlling the mobility of localized electrons and holes, i.e., the reorganization energy and the electronic coupling matrix element that enter Marcus' theory. The calculation of the electronic coupling followed the generalized Mulliken-Hush approach using the complete active space self-consistent field method. Our findings demonstrate an approximately three orders of magnitude anisotropy in both electron and hole mobility between directions perpendicular and parallel to the c axis, in good accord with experimental data. The anisotropy arises from the slowness of both electron and hole mobilities across basal oxygen planes relative to that within iron bilayers between basal oxygen planes. Interestingly, for elementary reaction steps along either of the directions considered, there is only less than one order of magnitude difference in mobility between electrons and holes, in contrast to accepted classical arguments. Our findings indicate that the most important quantity underlying mobility differences is the electronic coupling, albeit the reorganization energy contributes as well. The large values computed for the electronic coupling suggest that charge transport reactions in hematite are adiabatic in nature. The electronic coupling is found to depend on both the superexchange interaction through the bridging oxygen atoms and the d-shell electron spin coupling within the Fe-Fe donor-acceptor pair, while the reorganization energy is essentially independent of the electron spin coupling.
Two botton living Copepoda calanoida aetideidae: Bradyidius plinioi and Lutamator elegans n.sp. collected in brazilian waters (1984)

0 macho de Bradyidius plinioi Campaner, 1978, é descrito. As duas subespécies B. plinioi plinioi e B. plinio minor são consideradas sinônimas devido à observação de especimens intermediários. Foi redefinido o gênero Lutamator Bradford, 1969, registrado pela primeira vez em águas brasileiras. A fêmea de Lutamator elegans n.sp. é descrita e comparada com a espécie-tipo do gênero L. hurleyi.