gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Negative Allosteric Modulator for α5 Subunit-Containing GABA Receptors Exerts a Rapid and Persistent Antidepressant-Like Action without the Side Effects of the NMDA Receptor Antagonist Ketamine in Mice (2017)

New antidepressant pharmacotherapies that provide rapid relief of depressive symptoms are needed. The NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine exerts rapid antidepressant actions in depressed patients but also side effects that complicate its clinical utility. Ketamine promotes excitatory synaptic strength, likely by producing high<b>-</b>frequency correlated activity in mood-relevant regions of the forebrain. Negative allosteric modulators of GABA-A receptors containing α5 subunits (α5 GABA-NAMs) should also promote high<b>-</b>frequency correlated electroencephalogram <b>(</b>EEG) activity and should therefore exert rapid antidepressant responses. Because α5 subunits display a restricted expression in the forebrain, we predicted that α5 GABA-NAMs would produce activation of principle neurons but exert fewer side effects than ketamine. We tested this hypothesis in male mice and observed that the α5 GABA-NAM MRK-016 exerted an antidepressant-like response in the forced swim test at 1 and 24 h after administration and an anti-anhedonic response after chronic stress in the female urine sniffing test (FUST). Like ketamine, MRK-016 produced a transient increase in EEG γ power, and both the increase in γ power and its antidepressant effects in the forced swim test were blocked by prior administration of the AMPA-type glutamate receptor antagonist 2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[<i>f</i>]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide (NBQX). Unlike ketamine, however, MRK-016 produced no impairment of rota-rod performance, no reduction of prepulse inhibition (PPI), no conditioned<b>-</b>place preference (CPP), and no change in locomotion. α5 GABA-NAMs, thus reproduce the rapid antidepressant-like actions of ketamine, perhaps via an AMPA receptor (AMPAR)-dependent increase in coherent neuronal activity, but display fewer potential negative side effects. These compounds thus demonstrate promise as clinically useful fast-acting antidepressants.
Recent developments in the application of hidden Markov models to speaker-independent isolated word recognition (2005)

In this paper we extend previous work on isolated word recognition based on hidden Markov models by replacing the discrete symbol representation of the speech signal by a continuous Gaussian mixture density. In this manner the inherent quantization error introduced by the discrete representation is essentially eliminated. The resulting recognizer was tested on a vocabulary of the 10 digits across a wide range of talkers and test conditions, and shown to have an error rate at least comparable to that of the best template recognizers and significantly lower than that of the discrete symbol hidden Markov model system. Several issues involved in the training of the continuous density models and in the implementation of the recognizer are discussed.
Satellite antennas (1992)

Communication satellites have evolved from a radio relay in space to encompass other applications such as processing and meteorology. The demand for high capacity communication satellites has led in the past two decades to the development of multibeam antennas, a landmark in satellite antenna technology. Satellite antennas are classified into three categories according to function: communication; tracking, telemetry, and command (TT and C); and special satellite antennas. While the application of shaped beam antennas has been developed to its fullest extent as in INTELSAT VI and VII, an active monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) phased array will play an important role in future satellite antenna technology. Examples of each state-of-the-art satellite antenna technology and the process of space qualification are presented briefly.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Diacylglycerol Kinase-α Mediates Hepatocyte Growth Factor-induced Epithelial Cell Scatter by Regulating Rac Activation and Membrane Ruffling (2007)

Diacylglycerol kinases (Dgk) phosphorylate diacylglycerol (DG) to phosphatidic acid (PA), thus turning off and on, respectively, DG-mediated and PA-mediated signaling pathways. We previously showed that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), vascular endothelial growth factor, and anaplastic lymphoma kinase activate Dgkalpha in endothelial and leukemia cells through a Src-mediated mechanism and that activation of Dgkalpha is required for chemotactic, proliferative, and angiogenic signaling in vitro. Here, we investigate the downstream events and signaling pathways regulated by Dgkalpha, leading to cell scatter and migration upon HGF treatment and v-Src expression in epithelial cells. We report that specific inhibition of Dgkalpha, obtained either pharmacologically by R59949 treatment, or by expression of Dgkalpha dominant-negative mutant, or by small interfering RNA-mediated down-regulation of endogenous Dgkalpha, impairs 1) HGF- and v-Src-induced cell scatter and migration, without affecting the loss of intercellular adhesions; 2) HGF-induced cell spreading, lamellipodia formation, membrane ruffling, and focal adhesions remodeling; and 3) HGF-induced Rac activation and membrane targeting. In summary, we provide evidence that Dgkalpha, activated downstream of tyrosine kinase receptors and Src, regulates crucial steps directing Rac activation and Rac-dependent remodeling of actin cytoskeleton and focal contacts in migrating epithelial cells.
Accounting for interrupt handling costs in dynamic priority task systems (2002)

In order to apply the results of formal studies of real-time task models, a practitioner must account for the effects of phenomena present in the implementation but not present in the formal model. We study the feasibility and schedulability problems for periodic tasks that must compete for the processor with interrupt handlers - tasks that are assumed to always have priority over application tasks. The emphasis in the analysis is on deadline driven scheduling methods. We develop conditions that solve the feasibility and schedulability problems and demonstrate that our solutions are computationally feasible. Lastly, we compare our analysis with others developed for static priority task systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improved coherence of ultrafast spin-transfer-driven precessional switching with synthetic antiferromagnet perpendicular polarizer (2011)

The coherence of the precessional switching was compared in planar spin-valves comprising either an additional simple perpendicular polarizer or a synthetic antiferromagnet perpendicular polarizer. A significant improvement in the precession coherence was observed experimentally in the second type of samples. Micromagnetic simulations were performed to study the effect of the stray field from the perpendicular polarizer. They provide an explanation for the gradual loss of coherence of the precession in terms of vortex formation, which occurs much faster when a simple perpendicular polarizer is used.
An alternate proof of Aho & Ullman's LR(k) viable prefix theorem (1973)

article Free Access Share on An alternate proof of Aho & Ullman's LR(k) viable prefix theorem Author: David B. Benson Washington State University, Pullman, Washington Washington State University, Pullman, WashingtonView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGACT NewsVolume 5Issue 4October 1973 pp 11–14https://doi.org/10.1145/1008299.1008301Online:01 October 1973Publication History 0citation155DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads155Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
O6-methylguanine methyltransferase activity and sensitivity of Japanese tumor cell strains to 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)- 3-nitrosourea hydrochloride. (1987)

Using 40 tumor cell strains derived from various organs of Japanese tumor patients and also 12 normal cell strains, we have measured the activity of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MT), which can repair O6-methylguanine produced in DNA by alkylating agents. Then, the lethal sensitivities of the strains to the anti-tumor drug 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-)2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) were measured. The MT activity was assayed by measuring the 3H radioactivity transferred from the substrate DNA containing [methyl-3H]-O6-methylguanine to acceptor molecules in the cell extracts. Extracts from the majority of tumor strains and all normal cell strains contained substantial MT activity of varying degree, while the extracts of 6 tumor strains showed virtually undetectable MT activity. Hence these 6 strains were assigned as Mer-, the phenotype which is characterized by the inability to repair O6-methylguanine in DNA due to the lack of MT. The Mer- tumor strains were much more sensitive to ACNU than the rest of Mer+ strains, as measured by colony-forming ability. Furthermore, with all the tumor and normal strains tested, a good correlation was observed between MT activity and cellular resistance to ACNU. These results indicate that the frequency of Mer- strain is about 15% among Japanese tumor cell strains so far analyzed, and further suggest that MT may be the only system able to repair lethal DNA damage induced by ACNU.
Domain size distributions can predict domain boundaries (2000)

To test this possibility we enumerate putative domain boundaries and calculate their relative likelihood under a probability model that considers only the size and segment number of predicted domains. We ask, in a cross-validated test using sequences with known 3D structure, whether the most likely guesses agree with the observed domain structure. We find that domain boundary predictions are surprisingly successful for sequences up to 400 residues long and that guessing domain boundaries in this way can improve the sensitivity of threading analysis.
Medinfo 2001: Proceedings of the 10th World Congress on Medical Informatics (2001)

Bringing together scientific papers by top medical informatics researchers from around the world, this collection provides a broad overview of medical informatics for researchers and students in health related areas as well as for those in computer science, cognitive science and biomedical informatics. This book will also be of interest to clincians, nurses and other healthcare professionals, as well as to health educators and administrators. The volume is organized into 17 chapters covering topics such as human-computer interaction, information management, decision-support, hospital information systems, imaging, bioinformatics, education and training, security and confidentiality, and evaluation. The topics and issues span all practical and theoretical, as well as empirical, aspects of medical informatics in global health.
Unsupervised Feature Extraction by Time-Contrastive Learning and Nonlinear ICA (2016)

Nonlinear independent component analysis (ICA) provides an appealing framework for unsupervised feature learning, but the models proposed so far are not identifiable. Here, we first propose a new intuitive principle of unsupervised deep learning from time series which uses the nonstationary structure of the data. Our learning principle, time-contrastive learning (TCL), finds a representation which allows optimal discrimination of time segments (windows). Surprisingly, we show how TCL can be related to a nonlinear ICA model, when ICA is redefined to include temporal nonstationarities. In particular, we show that TCL combined with linear ICA estimates the nonlinear ICA model up to point-wise transformations of the sources, and this solution is unique --- thus providing the first identifiability result for nonlinear ICA which is rigorous, constructive, as well as very general.
A generalized inverse for matrices (1955)

This paper describes a generalization of the inverse of a non-singular matrix, as the unique solution of a certain set of equations. This generalized inverse exists for any (possibly rectangular) matrix whatsoever with complex elements. It is used here for solving linear matrix equations, and among other applications for finding an expression for the principal idempotent elements of a matrix. Also a new type of spectral decomposition is given.
The Sodium and Potassium Content of Sea Water (1939)

ABSTRACT The sodium and potassium content of sea water have been re-determined. The following values are suggested: K/Cl = 0·02009 ± 00002 ; Na/Cl = 0·5549 ±0·001.
Does broad-spectrum  -lactam resistance due to NDM-1 herald the end of the antibiotic era for treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria? (2011)

The NDM-1 gene, first identified in Sweden in 2008 in Klebsiella pneumoniae from a patient hospitalized in New Delhi, encodes a metallo-β-lactamase that inactivates all β-lactams except aztreonam. This bla(NDM-1) gene has been identified in hospital-acquired bacterial species, such as K. pneumoniae, but also in the typical community-acquired species, Escherichia coli. This gene has been identified in strains that possess other resistance mechanisms contributing to their multidrug resistance patterns. It has been recently extensively reported from the UK, India and Pakistan and, albeit to a lesser extent, from a number of other countries worldwide. In most of the cases a link with the Indian subcontinent has also been established. To stem the onslaught of NDM producers, early identification of cases of NDM-related infections and prevention of their spread by implementing screening, hygiene measures and the isolation of carriers is needed.
New Zero-knowledge Undeniable Signatures - Forgery of Signature Equivalent to Factorisation. (2001)

We propose a new zero-knowledge undeniable signature scheme which isbased on the intractability of computing high-order even powers modulo a composite. The new scheme has a number of desirable properties: (i) forgery of a signature (including existential forgery) is proven to be equivalent to factorisation, (ii) perfect zero-knowledge, (iii) e cient protocols for signature veri cation and nonsignature denial: both measured by O(log k) (multiplications) where 1=k bounds the probability of error. For a denial protocol, this performance is unprecedented.
Combining calibration schemes on a real-time multiuser MIMO-OFDM system with implicit feedback (2014)

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with implicit feedback utilize uplink channel state information (CSI) for downlink transmit beamforming, relying on over-the-air channel reciprocity. We develop real-time hardware for multiuser MIMO transmission with implicit feedback based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), with field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). This paper presents indoor experimental results by the real-time hardware, employing several calibration schemes for uplink CSI. In particular, we investigate performance of our proposed scheme, weighted-combining calibration (WCC), in which multiple calibration coefficients are calculated and then combined with weights based on channel gain, to improve the calibration accuracy. It is shown that WCC improves real-time throughput considerably, compared with equal gain-combining calibration (EGCC), a scheme which combines coefficients with equal weighting.
Anionic copolymerization of elemental sulfur with propylene sulfide (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnionic copolymerization of elemental sulfur with propylene sulfideAndrzej Duda and Stanislaw PenczekCite this: Macromolecules 1982, 15, 1, 36–40Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00229a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00229a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views421Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adult Cancer Related to Electrical Wires Near the Home (1982)

Like childhood cancer, adult cancer was found to be associated with high-current electrical wiring configurations (HCCs) near the patient's residence. Such wiring can expose occupants of the residence to alternating magnetic fields (AMFs) at a level which, though very low, may produce physiological effects. Several patterns in the data suggest that HCCs and cancer may be causally linked: (1) a dose-relationship was found. (2) The association did not appear to be an artefact of age, urbanicity, neighbourhood, or socioeconomic level. (3) The association was most clearly demonstrable where cancer caused by urban/industrial factors was least apt to obscure the effect. (4) A distinct pattern of latency between first exposure to the HCC and cancer diagnosis was seen, which is consistent with a hypothesis of cancer promotion produced by AMF exposure.
Long-term Survival in Elderly Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure (2006)

Among elderly patients hospitalized with heart failure, median survival is about 2.5 years. However, there is considerable heterogeneity in survival, with 25% of patients dying within 1 year and 25% surviving for more than 5 years. A simple 7-item risk score, based on data readily available at the time of admission, provides a reliable estimate of prognosis.
Über Manganoxyde. IX. Darstellung und Eigenschaften von Braunsteinen. III (Die ϵ‐, β‐ und α‐Gruppe der Braunsteine, über Ramsdellit und über die Umwandlungen der Braunsteine (1961)

Abstract Die Glieder der ϵ‐β‐ und α‐Gruppe der Braunsteine, deren Darstellung und Eigenschaften beschrieben werden, und der Ramsdellit wandeln sich beim Erhitzen auf über 450°C in α‐Mn 2 O 3 um. Die β‐Braunsteine besitzen, im Gegensatz zu den übrigen Braunsteinen, eine definierte Phasenbreite im Mn/O‐Verhältnis von MnO 1,89 MnO 2,00 . Es wird ein Gesamtüberblick über die Braunsteinarten und deren Umwandlungen gegeben. — Natürliche Braunsteine verschiedener Vorkommen werden in das Umwandlungsschema eingeordnet. Die Braunsteine werden auf Grund der Atomanordnung systematisiert.
<i>N</i>-Functionalized Benzotriazole-1-carboximidoyl Chlorides:  Synthetic Equivalents for Isocyanide Dichlorides (2001)

Readily prepared N-functionalized benzotriazole-1-carboximidoyl chlorides are proposed as stable and novel isocyanide dichloride synthetic equivalents. Subsequent condensations of these new intermediates afford polysubstituted guanidines, S-aryl isothioureas, and 2-aminoquinazolin-4-thiones.
Human apolipoprotein A-IV binds to apolipoprotein A-I/A-II receptor sites and promotes cholesterol efflux from adipose cells. (1990)

Cholesterol efflux was studied in cultured mouse adipose cells after preloading with low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Exposure to complexes containing human apolipoprotein A-IV and L-alpha-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) as well as to human lipoprotein particles containing apolipoprotein A-IV but not apolipoprotein A-I and particles containing apolipoproteins A-IV and A-I showed that both artificial and native apolipoprotein A-IV-containing particles were able to promote cholesterol efflux at 37 degrees C as a function of time and concentration. The half-maximal concentration was found to be 0.3 X 10(-6) M for apolipoprotein A-IV.DMPC complexes. Binding experiments performed in intact cells at 4 degrees C with labeled apolipoprotein A-IV.DMPC complexes showed the existence of specific binding sites, with a Kd value of 0.32 x 10(-6) M and a maximal binding capacity of 223,000 sites/cell. By cross-competition experiments with labeled and unlabeled complexes containing apolipoprotein A-IV, A-I, or A-II, it appeared that all three apolipoproteins bind to the same cell-surface recognition sites. It is suggested that apolipoprotein A-IV, which is present in the interstitial fluid surrounding adipose cells in vivo at concentrations similar to those required in vitro for the promotion of cholesterol efflux, plays a critical role in cholesterol removal from peripheral cells.
Dibenz[<i>b,f</i>]azepines, Part 7<sup>[1]</sup>: Synthesis of New, Potentially CNS Active Dibenz[<i>b,f</i>]azepine Derivatives (1996)

Reactions of 5-carboxamido-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepines (1a-1d) with glyoxylic acid methylester methyl hemiacetal (GMHA) led to 5-(carboxamido-N-alpha-hydroxy-acetic acid methyl ester)-5H- dibenz[b,f]azepines (2a-2d). The reactions with glycols yielded the oligoethylene glycol derivatives (3,4). The new compounds were screened as anticonvulsants and/or antidepressants (AD).
The rough-wall turbulent boundary layer from the hydraulically smooth to the fully rough regime (2007)

Turbulence measurements for rough-wall boundary layers are presented and compared to those for a smooth wall. The rough-wall experiments were made on a three-dimensional rough surface geometrically similar to the honed pipe roughness used by Shockling, Allen & Smits ( J. Fluid Mech. vol. 564, 2006, p. 267). The present work covers a wide Reynolds-number range ( Re θ = 2180–27 100), spanning the hydraulically smooth to the fully rough flow regimes for a single surface, while maintaining a roughness height that is a small fraction of the boundary-layer thickness. In this investigation, the root-mean-square roughness height was at least three orders of magnitude smaller than the boundary-layer thickness, and the Kármán number (δ + ), typifying the ratio of the largest to the smallest turbulent scales in the flow, was as high as 10100. The mean velocity profiles for the rough and smooth walls show remarkable similarity in the outer layer using velocity-defect scaling. The Reynolds stresses and higher-order turbulence statistics also show excellent agreement in the outer layer. The results lend strong support to the concept of outer layer similarity for rough walls in which there is a large separation between the roughness length scale and the largest turbulence scales in the flow.
Small Signal Detection in the DIMUS Array (1960)

In the DIMUS system for steering an acoustic array, the output of each element is reduced to a sequence of polarity samples and delayed by an integral multiple of the sampling period. Calculations are given to show the effect of this process on the passive detection threshold of an array beam (in isotropic Gaussian noise) both in general and numerically for several examples. In these, over all losses range from 0.5 to 1.5 db.