gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of Optimal Insertion Site in Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus (rNDV) Vector Expressing Foreign Gene to Enhance Its Anti-Tumor Effect (2016)

Recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) is tumor selective and intrinsically oncolytic, which has been developed as a vector to express exogenous genes to enhance its oncolytic efficacy. Our previous studies found that insertion sites of foreign gene in rNDV vector affected its expression and anti-tumor activities. However, the optimal insertion site for foreign genes remains unknown. In this study, we inserted the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) and IL2 genes into four different intergenic regions of the rNDV using reverse genetics technology. Recombinants rNDV-EGFPs and rNDV-IL2s were successfully rescued, which displayed the similar growth kinetics with parental virus. Both EGFP mRNA and protein levels were most abundant in HepG2 cells, when EGFP gene was inserted between the NP/P site of the rNDV. Similarly, the IL-2 expressed by HepG2 cells infected with rNDV-IL2 was highest, when IL2 was inserted into NP/P site. To test whether these rNDVs that express higher foreign genes could induce stronger anti-tumor response, we treated the H22-oxter-tumor-bearing C57BL/6J mice with rNDV-IL2s and then examined the oncolytic efficacy. The results showed that rNDV-IL2-NP/P had the strongest inhibition of murine hepatoma carcinoma tumors. The splenocytes isolated from the mice treated with rNDV-IL2-NP/P reached the highest degrees of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells. In addition, animals' survival rate in rNDV-IL2-NP/P-treated group was higher than that of other groups. Taken together, these results demonstrate that NP and P gene junction in rNDV is the optimal insertion site for foreign genes expression to enhance rNDV's anti-tumor effects.
Depth Map Upsampling via Multi-Modal Generative Adversarial Network (2019)

Autonomous robots for smart homes and smart cities mostly require depth perception in order to interact with their environments. However, depth maps are usually captured in a lower resolution as compared to RGB color images due to the inherent limitations of the sensors. Naively increasing its resolution often leads to loss of sharpness and incorrect estimates, especially in the regions with depth discontinuities or depth boundaries. In this paper, we propose a novel Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-based framework for depth map super-resolution that is able to preserve the smooth areas, as well as the sharp edges at the boundaries of the depth map. Our proposed model is trained on two different modalities, namely color images and depth maps. However, at test time, our model only requires the depth map in order to produce a higher resolution version. We evaluated our model both quantitatively and qualitatively, and our experiments show that our method performs better than existing state-of-the-art models.
Small-duct primary sclerosing cholangitis: A long-term follow-up study (2002)

Some patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have chronic cholestasis and hepatic histology compatible with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) but normal findings on cholangiography. These patients with small-duct PSC have remained largely unstudied. Our aim was to determine the prevalence and long-term outcomes of patients with small-duct PSC. Eighteen patients with small-duct PSC (7 female and 11 male patients; mean age, 39.9 +/- 15.3 years [range, 13-68 years]) seen over a 4-year period were matched blindly by age and sex to 36 patients with classic PSC and followed up for 32.5 years. Small-duct PSC represented 5.8% of patients (18 of 309) with sclerosing cholangitis. Subsequent endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) performed in 5 patients with small-duct PSC showed progression to typical PSC in 3 patients at 4, 5.5, and 21 years of follow-up. None of the patients with small-duct PSC but 4 of the patients with classic PSC developed hepatobiliary malignancy. There were 3 deaths (17%) or liver transplantations in patients with small-duct PSC (2 after progressing to classic PSC) and 15 (42%) in the classic PSC group. Survival free of liver transplantation was significantly greater in the small-duct than in the classic PSC group (P =.04). Compared with the general U.S. population, survival in patients with small-duct PSC was similar (P =.4) but significantly lower in patients with classic PSC (P <.001). In conclusion, small-duct PSC may represent an earlier stage of PSC associated with a significantly better long-term prognosis. Some patients, however, progress to classic PSC and/or end-stage liver disease with the consequent necessity of liver transplantation.
A Novel Approach for Reservoir Forecasting Under Uncertainty (2002)

Summary This paper presents a novel approach for developing statistical estimates of uncertainty in reservoir performance from a limited number of simulations. The methodology involves ranking and weighting the full suite of geostatistical models on the basis of a surrogate performance measure, then estimating the mean/variance of the desired performance measure by using a weighted average of simulation results from a few selected realizations. The streamline time-of-flight-based volumetric sweep efficiency is used as the surrogate performance measure to rank geostatistical models, and their weights are determined from a moment-matching algorithm.
Determination of biologically active LH in the serum of male rhesus monkeys ( <i>Macaca mulatta</i> ) (1979)

The in-vitro bioassay for LH, using mouse Leydig cells, has been modified for the direct measurement of serum LH in the male rhesus monkey. Validation of the assay demonstrated good reliability in terms of accuracy, precision and sensitivity (1.5 mi.u./ml). Basal LH concentrations in laboratory-maintained monkeys with and without anaesthesia were not significantly different from those in free-ranging, feral monkeys. LH-RH (50 micrograms i.v.) elicited a 30-fold increase in LH concentrations after 30 min. LH levels in castrated adult monkeys were approximately 50 times the normal levels. Intact and castrated juvenile males had only very low LH levels. LH from the serum of an adult male castrate was further characterized by Sephadex G100 column chromatography. The in-vitro bioassay provides a preferable alternative to the heterologous radioimmunoassay method for the routine determination of LH in the rhesus monkey.
Demonstration of Watt-class High-power Photonic-Crystal Lasers (2014)

We demonstrate watt class high output power (1.5 W) operation in single chip photonic crystal surface emitting lasers under room temperature continuous wave condition. The beam quality factor M2 has been found to be kept at 1.0 up to 0.5 W.
Geometric Signal Processing on Polygonal Meshes (2000)

Very large polygonal models, which are used in more and more graphics applications today, are routinely generated by a variety of methods such as surface reconstruction algorithms from 3D scanned data, isosurface construction algorithms from volumetric data, and photogrametric methods from aerial photography. In this report we provide an overview of several closely related methods developed during the last few yers, to smooth, denoise, edit, compress, transmit, and animate very large polygonal models.
Isolation of Aphidicolin as a Root Growth Inhibitor from <i>Harziella entomophilla</i> (1978)

Journal Article Isolation of Aphidicolin as a Root Growth Inhibitor from Harziella entomophilla Get access Kazushige Kawada, Kazushige Kawada Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The Universityof Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yasuo Kimura, Yasuo Kimura Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The Universityof Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kazumasa Katagiri, Kazumasa Katagiri Devision of Forest Protection, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Ushiku, Ibaraki Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Akinori Suzuki, Akinori Suzuki Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The Universityof Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Saburo Tamura Saburo Tamura Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The Universityof Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 42, Issue 8, 1 August 1978, Pages 1611–1612, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1978.10863217 Published: 01 August 1978 Article history Received: 18 April 1978 Published: 01 August 1978
The formation of synapses in reinnervated and cross‐reinnervated striated muscle during development (1974)

1. A study has been made of the formation of synapses in reinnervated and cross-reinnervated developing striated muscles which normally receive either a focal or distributed innervation, using histological, ultrastructural and electrophysiological techniques.2. The focally innervated mammalian tibialis anterior muscle, denervated soon after birth, was reinnervated at both the original end-plates as well as on the new muscle added during the period of denervation; but not on the muscle present at the time of denervation. Nearly all the synapses which had formed, other than at the original end-plates, disappeared by 6 weeks post-natal.3. The avian anterior latissimus dorsi muscle (ALD), which receives a distributed innervation, was denervated during the first week post-hatched, and became reinnervated both at the original synaptic sites as well as on the new muscle added during the period of denervation; all these synapses were spaced approximately 200 mum apart along the length of individual muscle cells.4. The myofibres of the ALD muscle cross-reinnervated at hatching with the superior brachialis nerve, which contains fast motor axons that normally form a focal innervation, were each focally innervated by a single ;en plaque' terminal; these synapses had the same electrical properties as normal synapses formed by fast motor axons.5. Many of the myofibres of the avian posterior latissimus dorsi (PLD), which normally receive a focal innervation, received a distributed innervation from ;en grappe' terminals when cross-reinnervated with the ALD nerve at hatching.6. It is suggested that during development the nerve type determines the pattern of synapses over an effector; this is achieved by the nerve, after forming the initial synaptic contact, making the rest of the muscle cell membrane refractory to further synapse formation for some distance, this distance being determined by the nerve type.
Changing Patterns of Pay System in Japan and Korea: From Seniority to Performance (1997)

The adequacy of the seniority wage system in Japan and Korea has been questioned increasingly in recent years. This article uses secondary sources to document the recent erosion of the seniority wage system in Japan and Korea, identifies forces behind this development and analyses its implications for the future of national industrial relations systems. The authors conclude that the new pay system will most likely be one emphasising individual ability and performance, and future development in pay systems in both countries depend on whether the new system successfully provides tools to stimulate employee motivation and commitment in the absence of the living guarantee principle.
Sonographic evaluation of acute intrascrotal pathology. (1996)

High-resolution, real-time sonography is commonly used for the evaluation of acute scrotal pathology. Pulsed and color Doppler techniques enhance diagnostic accuracy [1, 2]. However, extensive distortion of intrascrotal anatomy can occur with advanced inflammation, infarction, or trauma, leading to decreased specificity of the sonographic examination.
RAIM and Complementary Kalman Filtering for GNSS Reliability Enhancement (2006)

Abtract - The objective of this research is to improve reliability and positioning accuracy of a mobile, standalone GNSS receiver in personal positioning. We propose a novel algorithm that fuses carrier information with code phase measurements and uses the additional security feature of receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) and fault detection and exclusion (FDE) in order to detect and exclude erroneous measurements. The weighted least squares (WLS) method completed with RAIM/FDE is used to compute the GPS position and velocity estimates from pseudorange and delta range measurements. These estimates are combined in a complementary Kalman filter (CKF), which gives the velocity smoothed position estimate. The performance of the algorithm has been verified with pedestrian navigation tests; measurements for the tested algorithms were obtained using a SiRF Star II GPS receiver. Accuracy of the obtained position solutions was compared with a DGPS position solution, recorded using Thales MobileMappers. As the measure of accuracy, we used the horizontal distance of the standalone position solution from the DGPS track, i.e. the cross track error (CTE). The maximum and mean CTE values of 51.8 m and 6.3 m, respectively, were obtained with least squares (LS) position solution. With WLS and RAIM/FDE processed position, the maximum and mean errors were 25.2 m and 3.5 m. Applying CKF on WLS and RAIM/FDE processed position and velocity the values were 8.4 m and 3.1 m. Applying CKF on WLS and RAIM/FDE processed position and WLS velocity the values were 7.7 m and 2.8 m. Thus, adding the CKF to the WLS + RAIM/FDE processing reduces both the maximum and mean errors; the CKF has the largest effect on the maximum errors. Reports of this type of CKF for fusing GPS carrier and code phase information, with the additional security feature by RAIM/FDE, do not exist in the open literature.
A Phenomenological Model for Predicting Thermochromism of Regioregular and Nonregioregular Poly(3-alkylthiophenes) (1996)

Thermochromism of a series of cast films of poly(3-alkylthiophenes) (P3ATs, A = hexyl, octyl, dodecyl, and hexadecyl) with different head-to-tail (HT) diad content (70−100%) was studied. The thermochromic behavior is found to be controlled by the HT diad content and the side chain length. P3ATs with moderate HT diad content give rise to a clear thermochromic isosbestic point irrespective of the length of the alkyl side chain. Regioregular polymers possessing a >90% HT diad content exhibit either a continuous thermochromic blue shift or an isosbestic point, depending on the alkyl side chain length. The different thermochromic characteristics are attributed to subtle morphological differences between the polymers. DSC and X-ray diffraction studies indicate that P3AT samples with moderate HT regularity are formally amorphous with a quasi-ordered phase dispersed in continuous disordered domains. P3ATs with high HT regularity consist of crystalline, quasi-ordered, and disordered phases. For polymers with short alkyl side chains, these phases equilibrate with each other and destroy the thermochromic isosbestic point. Polymers with long alkyl side chains melt at much lower temperature and are converted directly between the crystalline and disordered phases.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY OF DI‐ AND TRIMETAL COMPLEXES WITH BRIDGING CARBENE OR CARBYNE LIGANDS. PART 20. COMPLEXATION OF CARBON‐METAL TRIPLE BONDS WITH LOW‐VALENT METAL SPECIES: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF THE BIMETAL COMPLEXES (CRW(μ‐CC6H4ME‐4)(CO)4(η‐C5H5)(η‐C6ME6)) AND (COW(μ‐CC6H4ME‐4)(CO)3(η‐C5H5)(η‐C5ME5)) (1983)

Abstract Ausgehend von den Wolfram‐carbin‐Komplexen (I) werden bei Reaktion mit Metallspezies niedriger Wertigkeit die neuen zweikernigen Komplexe (III), (V), (VII) und (IX) erhalten.
The Majority of Multipotent Epidermal Stem Cells Do Not Protect Their Genome by Asymmetrical Chromosome Segregation (2008)

The maintenance of genome integrity in stem cells (SCs) is critical for preventing cancer formation and cellular senescence. The immortal strand hypothesis postulates that SCs protect their genome by keeping the same DNA strand throughout life by asymmetrical cell divisions, thus avoiding accumulation of mutations that can arise during DNA replication. The in vivo relevance of this model remains to date a matter of intense debate. In this study, we revisited this long-standing hypothesis, by analyzing how multipotent hair follicle (HF) SCs segregate their DNA strands during morphogenesis, skin homeostasis, and SC activation. We used three different in vivo approaches to determine how HF SCs segregate their DNA strand during cell divisions. Double-labeling studies using pulse-chase experiments during morphogenesis and the first adult hair cycle showed that HF SCs incorporate two different nucleotide analogs, contradictory to the immortal strand hypothesis. The co-segregation of DNA and chromatin labeling during pulse-chase experiments demonstrated that label retention in HF SCs is rather a mark of relative quiescence. Moreover, DNA labeling of adult SCs, similar to labeling during morphogenesis, also resulted in label retention in HF SCs, indicating that chromosome segregation occurs randomly in most of these cells. Altogether, our results demonstrate that DNA strand segregation occurs randomly in the majority of HF SCs during development, tissue homeostasis, and following SC activation. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Intestinal Microbiota in Healthy U.S. Young Children and Adults—A High Throughput Microarray Analysis (2013)

We show that the establishment of an adult-like intestinal microbiota occurs at a later age than previously reported. Characterizing the microbiota and its development in the early years of life may help identify 'windows of opportunity' for interventional strategies that may promote health and prevent or mitigate disease processes.
Fast Nonlinear Control with Arbitrary Pole-Placement for Industrial Robots and Manipulators (1982)

Models of industrial robots are characterized by highly nonlinear equations with nonlinear couplings between the variables of motion. In this paper, three nonlinear methods are presented, two of which are direct design procedures for industrial robots. These direct nonlinear methods are based on a suitable partition of the dynamic equation of the industrial robot and provide directly applicable, explicit control laws for each drive. The design procedures presented greatly simplify the derivation of the algorithm for computer-controlled industrial robots. The methods are applied to two different types of industrial robots.
High temperature point sensor using tin-doped silica fiber gratings (2001)

Summary form only given. We show the enhanced thermal stability and excellent reliability of grating sensors written in tin-doped silica fibers (SS) up to a temperature of approximately 800/spl deg/C. At this temperature all the other gratings have been completely erased. Due to the improved stability above 500/spl deg/C and excellent repeatability, SS fiber is the best choice for high temperature thermometers or fiber Bragg sensors.
Prognostic significance of CD155 mRNA expression in soft tissue sarcomas (2013)

CD155 was initially identified as a receptor for poliovirus. Several studies have demonstrated that CD155 overexpression in cancer cells is significant in their migration, invasion, proliferation and metastasis. The objective of the present study was to investigate the correlation between <i>CD155</i> expression and the clinical aggressiveness of soft tissue tumors. The <i>CD155</i> expression levels in 43 surgically-resected soft tissue tumors were evaluated using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The clinicopathogical factors affecting the expression levels of <i>CD155</i> mRNA were investigated and the association between the expression levels of <i>CD155</i> and patient prognosis was identified. The <i>CD155</i> expression level was not correlated with the patient gender, site of the primary tumor, tumor depth, tumor size or presence of distant metastasis at presentation, but was correlated with patient age (Fisher's exact test). The local recurrence-free survival rate for patients with a high <i>CD155</i> expression level was observed to be significantly poorer compared with that of patients with low <i>CD155</i> expression levels (P=0.0401). Moreover, a multivariate analysis indicated that a high <i>CD155</i> expression level was an independent adverse prognostic factor for local recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio, 6.369; P=0.0328). The present study therefore suggests that the expression level of <i>CD155</i> is a useful marker for predicting the local recurrence of soft tissue tumors.
Reversal by suramin of neuromuscular block produced by pancuronium in the anaesthetized rat (1993)

1. Rats were anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone and maximal twitches of a tibialis anterior muscle were evoked by stimulation of the motor nerve. 2. Suramin, injected intravenously in a series of cumulative bolus doses, each 15 mg kg-1, completely reversed a 90% depression of twitches maintained by a continuous intravenous infusion of pancuronium. The cumulated dose necessary to restore twitches to 50% of their control amplitude was 35 mg kg-1. Suramin did not modify a similar degree of block produced by suxamethonium, nor did it affect the amplitude of control maximal twitches, even in cumulative doses up to 150 mg kg-1. 3. The effects of bolus doses of suramin (85 mg kg-1), neostigmine (0.03 mg kg-1) and 4-aminopyridine (1.2 mg kg-1), calculated to restore pancuronium-blocked twitches to 95% of control amplitude, were compared. Suramin produced the most rapid reversal (1.1 +/- 0.5 min), but its duration of action was the shortest (9.4 +/- 1.6 min). Suramin was without effect on heart rate or blood pressure in the doses used. 4. The results showed that suramin reversed neuromuscular block produced by nondepolarizing blocking drug, pancuronium, but was without effect on a block produced by the depolarizing blocking drug, suxamethonium. Its short duration of action suggests that suramin would probably not be of value clinically as a reversal agent. However, it is possible that it might serve as a starter compound for the synthesis and development of a new class of reversal agents for use in anaesthetic practice.
Monte carlo evaluation of functionals of solutions of stochastic differential equations. variance reduction and numerical examples (1988)

Variance–reducing estimators are derived for functionals of the solution of the general Ito stochastic differential equation. These estimators allow to apply variance reduction techniques known from the Monte Carlo theory. In particular, variance–reducing Euler estimators are constructed as well as variance–reducing unbiased estimators. Numerical examples are given. They show that the variance reduction techniques cause an enormous gain in efficiency, reducing the statistical error up to 50 times. They also demonstrate the effect of the unbiased estimators, which allow to evaluate the functionals without reducing the time step.
Effects of Nitroglycerin on Vasospasm and Cyclic Nucleotides in a Primate Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (1996)

The vasodilator effect of nitroglycerin in spastic MCA may not be mediated by an increase in cGMP levels, suggesting an involvement of hyperpolarization of the smooth muscle cells. Given the increase in rCBF, nitroglycerin may be therapeutic for the treatment of vasospasm.