gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Survey on Hardware-Aware Neural Architecture Search (2021)

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) methods have been growing in popularity. These techniques have been fundamental to automate and speed up the time consuming and error-prone process of synthesizing novel Deep Learning (DL) architectures. NAS has been extensively studied in the past few years. Arguably their most significant impact has been in image classification and object detection tasks where the state of the art results have been obtained. Despite the significant success achieved to date, applying NAS to real-world problems still poses significant challenges and is not widely practical. In general, the synthesized Convolution Neural Network (CNN) architectures are too complex to be deployed in resource-limited platforms, such as IoT, mobile, and embedded systems. One solution growing in popularity is to use multi-objective optimization algorithms in the NAS search strategy by taking into account execution latency, energy consumption, memory footprint, etc. This kind of NAS, called hardware-aware NAS (HW-NAS), makes searching the most efficient architecture more complicated and opens several questions. In this survey, we provide a detailed review of existing HW-NAS research and categorize them according to four key dimensions: the search space, the search strategy, the acceleration technique, and the hardware cost estimation strategies. We further discuss the challenges and limitations of existing approaches and potential future directions. This is the first survey paper focusing on hardware-aware NAS. We hope it serves as a valuable reference for the various techniques and algorithms discussed and paves the road for future research towards hardware-aware NAS.
Alkynylcyanoketenes (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkynylcyanoketenesNguyen Nghi Van, Ken Chow, and Harold W. MooreCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 7, 1315–1319Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00383a027RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (648 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A 34 dBm IP<inf>0.1dB</inf> SOI SP3T switch with an integrated negative-bias switch controller at 2.4 GHz (2011)

In this paper, a single pole triple through (SP3T) T/R switch with high input P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.1dB</sub> performance and low insertion loss is reported. The switch is designed using a 0.32 μm SOI process for 2.4 GHz operating frequencies. To increase the power capability, 10-stacked MOSFETs are used for the switching device. And the body floating techniques are also employed. The negative biasing controller for enhancing P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1dB</sub> is proposed to control the switching power cell on a single die with the switch power cell. The implemented T/R switch exhibits P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.1dB</sub> of 34 dBm at 2.4 GHz from 3 V supply voltage. The insertion losses of the switch are 0.5 dB at 2.4 GHz. The isolations are more than 25 dB at 2.4 GHz.
Micromachined electromagnetic scanning mirrors (1997)

We report a new magnetic MEMS technology that enables many electromagnetic MEMS devices. This new technology combines magnetic thin films and silicon bulk micromachining. Its use is demonstrated by two types of millimeter-sized analog scanning mirrors that are capable of delivering deflection angles exceeding 60 deg. Details include the design, fabrication, operation, as well as a complete electromechanical model of the mirrors. In addition, the use of the mirrors is further manifested in a holographic data storage system where hundreds of holograms have been successfully stored and retrieved.
Nanoparticles of carbon allotropes inhibit glioblastoma multiforme angiogenesis in ovo (2011)

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of carbon nanoparticles produced by different methods on the growth of brain tumor and the development of blood vessels. Glioblastoma multiforme cells were cultured on the chorioallantoic membrane of chicken embryo and after 7 days of incubation, were treated with carbon nanoparticles administered in ovo to the tumor. Both types of nanoparticles significantly decreased tumor mass and volume, and vessel area. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed downregulated fibroblast growth factor-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression at the messenger ribonucleic acid level. The present results demonstrate antiangiogenic activity of carbon nanoparticles, making them potential factors for anticancer therapy.
An Instrument for the Measurement of Large Alternating Currents (1944)

An arrangement of the measurement and oscillographic recording of large alternating currents, consisting of a special air-core transformer and an amplifier, is described. The air-core transformer is wound on a flexible core of small cross section, permitting its easy linkage with the current to be measured without disturbing the circuit. The underlying theory of the air-core transformer is discussed, and the modifications necessary to make it suitable for measurement purposes are described.
Hormonersatztherapie - praktische Konsequenzen aus der Gesamtevidenz (2009)

Nach forensischen Kriterien müssen die Ergebnisse aus den Studien WHI und HERS in der Patientenaufklärung berücksichtigt werden, obwohl Kollektive mit hohem kardiovaskulärem Risiko in zu hohem Alter mit nur einem Präparat geprüft wurden. Demgegenüber bleibt unverständlich, warum auch die fehlerhafte und vom Design minderwertige Million Women-Studie in den Beipackzetteln aufgeführt wird. Auf Basis der Gesamtevidenz können durch eine HRT klimakterische und urogenitale Beschwerden behandelt und osteoporotische Frakturen verhindert werden. Dies sind die derzeit zugelassenen Indikationen. Bei frühzeitigem Beginn kann eine Reduktion von Herzinfarkten erwartet werden. Für Frauen über 60 Jahre bzw. bei bereits vorliegender Arteriosklerose sind jedoch Risikoerhöhungen möglich. Das Risiko für Diabetes mellitus sowie für kolorektale Karzinome kann bereits bei kurzfristiger Therapie stark verringert werden. Da eine Prävention von M. Alzheimer nur bei frühem Beginn möglich erscheint, die Erkrankung jedoch meist erst sehr spät manifest wird, dürfte hier eher das Risiko überwiegen, dass unter der Langzeit-HRT ein bereits vorbestehendes Mammakarzinom frühzeitiger manifest wird. Darüber, sowie auch über das Risiko für venöse Thrombosen und Schlaganfall sollte aufgeklärt werden jedoch adäquat unter Vergleich mit anderen Risikofaktoren. Diese Risiken lassen sich durch keine HRT sicher ausschließen, aber durch eine differenzierte, individuell angepasste Wahl von Präparaten reduzieren.
Effects of Simvastatin on Plasma Lipoproteins and Hearing Loss in Apolipoprotein E Gene-Deficient Mice (2009)

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene knockout (KO) mice develop hearing loss, as well as hair cell damage in the inner ear. Furthermore, the hearing loss and hair cell damage may be caused and exacerbated by hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. We are therefore seeking an effective treatment to protect the inner ear in ApoE-KO mice. ApoE-KO mice fed with an atherosclerotic diet were treated with simvastatin or with Strauss Heartdrops. The auditory brainstem responses were recorded, and plasma lipid levels and inner ear histology were examined. ApoE-KO and wild-type C57BL/6J mice fed with a normal chow diet served as controls. Compared to ApoE-KO mice fed only the atherosclerotic diet, ApoE-KO mice treated with simvastatin had no significant hearing loss and less severe atherosclerosis and hair cell damage in the inner ear. However, ApoE-KO mice treated with Strauss Heartdrops developed significant hearing loss and severe atherosclerosis and hair cell damage in the inner ear. These results demonstrate that statins may prevent hearing loss and inner ear damage in ApoE-KO mice by reducing the atherosclerotic lesions and levels of glucose, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride. Statins could be used to treat hearing loss associated with hyperlipidemia.
Efficient resource placement in cloud computing and network applications (2014)

We address the problem of resource placement in general networking applications, in particular cloud computing. We consider a large-scale service faced by regionally distributed demands for various resources. The service aims at placing the resources across regions to maximize profit, accounting for demand granting revenues minus resource placement costs. Cloud computing and online services, utilizing regional datacenters and facing the problem of where and how much to place various servers, naturally fall under this paradigm. The main challenge posed by this setting is the need to deal with arbitrary multi-dimensional stochastic demands. We show that, despite the challenging stochastic combinatorial complexity, one can optimize the system operation using fairly efficient algorithms.
TERNARY PHASE EQUILIBRIA IN TRANSITION METAL-BORON-CARBON-SILICON SYSTEMS. PART 5. COMPENDIUM OF PHASE DIAGRAM DATA (1969)

This report contains a summary of phase diagram work conducted over the time period from 1 January 1964 through April 1969. Systems studied include binary transition metal systems, binary and ternary systems of refractory transition metals with carbon, boron, silicon, and nitrogen, and selected concentration-temperature sections of higher order systems involving the same elements.
Adaptive steganography-based optical color image cryptosystems (2009)

In this paper, an optical cryptosystem with adaptive steganography is proposed for color image encryption and decryption. The optical cryptosystem employs a double random phase encoding algorithm to encrypt and decrypt color images. The color image is first separated into three channels: red, green, and blue. Each channel is encrypted by two random phase masks generated from session keys. For higher security, an asymmetric method is applied to cipher these session keys. The ciphered data produced by the asymmetric method is then embedded into the encrypted color image by a content-dependent and low distortion data embedding technique. The key delivery is accomplished by hiding ciphered data into the encrypted color image with a specific hiding sequence generated by the zero-LSB sorting technique. Experimental results show that the proposed adaptive steganography-based cryptosystem has a good performance when it is applied to color images.
A Novel Reaction Mechanism for the Formation of S-Nitrosothiol in Vivo (1997)

The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of S-nitrosothiol formation under physiological conditions. A mechanism is proposed by which nitric oxide (.NO) reacts directly with reduced thiol to produce a radical intermediate, R-S-N.-O-H. This intermediate reduces an electron acceptor to produce S-nitrosothiol. Under aerobic conditions O2 acts as the electron acceptor and is reduced to produce superoxide (O-2). The following experimental evidence is provided in support of this mechanism. Cysteine accelerates the consumption of .NO by 2.5-fold under physiological conditions. The consumption of O2 in the presence of .NO and cysteine is increased by 2.4-fold. The reaction orders of .NO and cysteine are second and first order, respectively. The second order of reaction for .NO may result from interaction between .NO and O-2 to form peroxynitrite. In the presence of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase, the reaction of .NO with cysteine generates hydrogen peroxide, indicating that the reaction generates O-2. Finally, the formation of S-nitrosothiol is demonstrated in an anaerobic environment and, as predicted by the mechanism, is dependent on the presence of an electron acceptor. These results demonstrate that under physiological conditions .NO reacts directly with thiols to form S-nitrosothiol in the presence of an electron acceptor.
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs, Acetaminophen, and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events (2006)

Use of NSAIDs or acetaminophen at high frequency or dose is associated with a significantly increased risk for major cardiovascular events, although more moderate use did not confer substantial risk.
Multiplexed and data‐independent tandem mass spectrometry for global proteome profiling (2013)

One of the most important early developments in the field of proteomics was the advent of automated data acquisition routines that allowed high-throughput unattended data acquisition during HPLC introduction of peptide mixtures to a tandem mass spectrometer. Prior to this, data acquisition was orders of magnitude less efficient being based entirely on lists of predetermined ions generated in a prior HPLC-MS experiment. This process, known generically as data-dependent analysis, empowered the development of shotgun proteomics where hundreds to thousands of peptide sequences are matched per experiment. In their most popular implementation, the most abundant ionized species from every precursor ion scan at each moment in chromatographic time are successively selected for isolation, activation and tandem mass analysis. While extremely powerful, this strategy has one primary limitation in that detectable dynamic range is restricted (in a top-down manner) to the peptides that ionize the best. To circumvent the serial nature of the data-dependent process and increase detectable dynamic range, the concepts of multiplexed and data-independent acquisition (DIA) have emerged. Multiplexed-data acquisition is based on more efficient co-selection and co-dissociation of multiple precursor ions in parallel, the data from which is subsequently de-convoluted to provide polypeptide sequences for each individual precursor ion. DIA has similar goals, but there is no real-time ion selection based on prior precursor ion scans. Instead, predefined m/z ranges are interrogated either by fragmenting all ions entering the mass spectrometer at every single point in chromatographic time; or by dividing the m/z range into smaller m/z ranges for isolation and fragmentation. These approaches aim to fully utilize the capabilities of mass spectrometers to maximize tandem MS acquisition time and to address the need to expand the detectable dynamic range, lower the limit of detection, and improve the overall confidence of peptide identifications and relative protein quantification measurements. This review covers all aspects of multiplexed- and data-independent tandem mass spectrometry in proteomics, from experimental implementations to advances in software for data interpretation.
High-Performance Spin-Polarized Photocathodes Using a GaAs/GaAsP Strain-Compensated Superlattice (2013)

Optimized transmission-type photocathodes with a GaAs/GaAsP strain-compensated superlattice were developed. The strain-compensated superlattice structures were of high crystal quality, and electron beams from the photocathodes had a maximum spin polarization of 92% and a quantum efficiency of 0.4% without an antireflection coating. The strain-compensated superlattice structure effectively prevented strain relaxation, and the high spin polarization was maintained up to a superlattice layer thickness of 300 nm. Increasing the superlattice layer thickness effectively improved the quantum efficiency while keeping the super high-brightness.
Globoside-dependent Adhesion of Human Embryonal Carcinoma Cells, Based on Carbohydrate-Carbohydrate Interaction, Initiates Signal Transduction and Induces Enhanced Activity of Transcription Factors AP1 and CREB (1998)

Undifferentiated human embryonal carcinoma cells are characterized by high expression of lactoneotetraosylceramide (nLc4), globoside (Gb4), and extended globo-series glycosphingolipids (GSLs) termed "stage-specific embryonic antigens 3 and 4" (SSEA-3 and -4). Expression of these GSLs declines in association with a decline of homotypic adhesion during the differentiation process. Therefore, these GSLs may play an essential role in adhesion among these cells. As an example, human embryonal carcinoma 2102 cells display strong adhesion to plates coated with Gb4 ("Gb4-dependent cell adhesion"). This adhesion, which simulates homotypic 2102 cell aggregation, is based on interaction between Gb4 and nLc4, or between Gb4 and GalGb4 (IV3GalGb4; the major SSEA-3 epitope), as indicated by the following observations: (i) adhesion of 2102 cells or GSL-liposomes to GSL-coated plates in various combinations; (ii) inhibition of Gb4-dependent 2102 cell adhesion by preincubation of cells with anti-SSEA-3 or anti-nLc4 antibodies, or by pretreatment of Gb4-coated plates with aqueous micellar solution of nLc4 or GalGb4; (iii) decline of the cell adhesion in association with retinoic acid-induced differentiation, whereby SSEA-3 and nLc4 levels are reduced. Since cell adhesion is an essential prerequisite for induction of differentiation, as observed at each step of embryogenesis, expression of seven transcription factors following adhesion of 2102 cells to Gb4-coated plates, and to detergent-insoluble substrate adhesion matrix prepared from 2102 cells, were studied. In both types of adhesion, a strong enhancement of AP1 and CREB site binding activity was observed during the early stage (15-60 min following initial adhesion). Although 2102 cells showed strong adhesion to Gg3-coated plates, based on interaction between Gg3 and Gb4, adhesion of the cells to Gg3 did not cause changes of AP1 and CREB activity. No other transcription factors showed changes induced by Gg3- or Gb4-dependent adhesion.
Handbook on Human Nutritional Requirements. (1975)

Handbook on human nutritional requirements , Handbook on human nutritional requirements , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
A fuzzy multi-criteria algorithm for dynamic routing in FMS (2002)

Deals with real-time part routing in flexible manufacturing systems. At each production step, each part can autonomously choose its next server according to a fuzzy multiple criteria evaluation of each available destination. The influence of each criterion is graded to improve the effects of part decisions. A simulation study confirms the effectiveness of the approach.
Investigation of the bubble formation mechanism in <i>a</i>-Si:H films by Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy (1988)

The formation of bubbles and holes in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films after isochronal annealing has been investigated. The internal stress of the bubble in an a-Si:H film has been determined by the relationship between the diameter and height of a bubble. In addition, the internal stress of the bubble has also been investigated based on the difference in hydrogen concentration between the flat and bubble areas determined by Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy. Consistent results are obtained from both methods regarding the magnitude of the internal stress. These results indicate that the bubble is formed by molecular hydrogen evolving from the a-Si:H film.
In silico analysis highlights the frequency and diversity of type 1 lantibiotic gene clusters in genome sequenced bacteria (2010)

Multiple type 1 lantibiotic gene clusters were identified at a frequency that suggests that these antimicrobials are much more widespread than previously thought. These clusters represent a rich repository which can yield a large number of valuable novel antimicrobials and biosynthetic enzymes.
Elevated-Temperature Caustic/Sandstone Interaction: Implications for Improving Oil Recovery (1982)

Abstract Caustic in the form of sodium hydroxide solutions is shown to interact strongly with sandstone at elevated temperature (185°F). Such interaction has substantial influence on the success of secondary and tertiary oil-recovery sodium hydroxide floods carried out in sandstone formations of more ordinary temperatures. Caustic in the form of sodium hydroxide interacts with sandstone at elevated temperature to promote (1) significant dissolution of the more susceptible silicate minerals, predominantly clay and large-surface-area silica minerals; (2) sandstone weight loss; (3) increased porosity; (4) propagation of significant concentrations of water-soluble silicates, including sodium orthosilicate; (5) in-situ formation of new immobile aluminosilicate material; (6) changes in permeability; and (7) hydroxide ion consumption. Caustic/sandstone interaction resulting from sodium hydroxide dissolution of silicate minerals is limited by kinetics. The interaction increases with increasing temperature, increasing sodium hydroxide concentration, and increasing caustic/sandstone contact time. The rate and the amount of interaction are sensitive to sandstone mineralogy and lithology. Although not studied during this work, the presence of crude oil, along with crude-oil type, may affect the rate and the amount of interaction. Based on the laboratory study of elevated temperature caustic/sandstone interaction involving silicate-mineral dissolution by sodium hydroxide, it is concluded that, at lower temperatures, the much slower dissolution interaction has implications for field application of sodium hydroxide for improving waterflood sweep efficiency and enhancing oil recovery. Specifically, during field applications, the slow interaction could deplete the active hydroxide ions. More common low-temperature field applications are especially susceptible because of long caustic/sandstone contact times and because, in general, relatively small concentrations of sodium hydroxide have been used historically. This study points out that proper extrapolation of laboratory caustic-flooding results to field conditions should account for slow kinetic phenomena. The study also helps explain detrimental caustic/sandstone interactions and lower-than-expected oil recoveries experienced during a number of long-duration low-temperature enhanced oil recovery (EOR) field tests and floods. On the positive side, the dissolution interaction, especially at elevated temperatures, generates in-situ significant concentrations of water-soluble silicates, including sodium orthosilicate. Water-soluble silicates have been reported as candidates for improving oil recovery and for use in preflushes to condition formations for other EOR techniques. Other than noting their in-situ formation and propagation, we did not study the alkaline water-soluble silicates in detail, and they are not discussed.