gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purkinje cell protein-2 regulatory regions and transgene expression in cerebellar compartments. (1991)

The Purkinje cell protein 2 (Pcp-2) is expressed in cerebellar Purkinje cells and retinal bipolar neurons. To illuminate how Pcp-2 expression is restricted to only two neuronal types and to derive tools to express heterologous genes in these neuronal subpopulations, genomic sequences of the mouse Pcp-2 gene have been cloned and flanking sequences have been evaluated as a source of neuron-specific regulatory elements. An upstream region with homology to other genes expressed in neurons was identified and a hybrid gene containing this sequence was constructed by ligating 0.4 kb of upstream and 0.3 kb of downstream Pcp-2-flanking DNA to lacZ. Transgenic mice bearing this construct exhibited beta-galactosidase in a wide array of neuron types, suggesting that this sequence may play an important role in specifying neuronal expression. Addition of a further 3.1 kb of Pcp-2 upstream sequences restricted expression of beta-galactosidase to a small number of neuron types and most notably to Purkinje cells within parasagitally oriented cerebellar compartments. The presence of elements lying within the 3.1-kb upstream region and acting to specifically restrict Pcp-2 expression is therefore suggested. Moreover, as beta-galactosidase was not expressed in the bipolar cells of these transgenic mice, retinal expression of the endogenous Pcp-2 gene must involve elements in addition to those conferring expression within Purkinje cells.
Considerations affecting selection of thrombolytic agents. (1991)

The data reviewed above show that the ideal thrombolytic or thrombolytic plus anticoagulant regimen does not exist. Nor is it clear to me that one regimen is unequivocally better than another in regards to clinical outcome. Publication of the full results of the ISIS-3 study and completion of the TAPS study, the GUSTO study, the TIMI-4 study plus others only now in the planning phases, should help. This review will not stay current very long. These data do, however, give some guides to certain circumstances in which one regimen might be preferred over others. If economics is a compelling issue, as it may be in public hospitals on a fixed budget or in the developing world, streptokinase may be the best choice. For early application of thrombolytic therapy, such as at the site of infarct occurrence and in automotive and aerial ambulances, anistreplase may be preferred because of its ease of administration. Previous administration of streptokinase or anistreplase (within the period of 48 h to 6 months after prior use) militate against their use as does a recent streptococcal infection. Heightened concerns about bleeding risk, except intracranially, in the absence of absolute contraindication of fibrinolytic therapy, e.g. remote gastrointestinal hemorrhage or the expected imminent need for an invasive procedure, may lead to preference for alteplase over streptokinase or anistreplase. On the other hand, heightened concerns about intracranial hemorrhage may lead to preference for streptokinase over alteplase or anistreplase. Alteplase may be preferred over non-fibrin-selective agents in the treatment of patients when administration is begun more than three hours after the presumed onset of infarction. These considerations notwithstanding, it is crucial that debates over the best choice of a regimen must not be allowed to prolong the time before administration of an effective thrombolytic agent to a patient with evolving Q-wave infarction who is a good candidate for this therapy. This review may also become dated in the not-too-distant future because of expected further advances in thrombolytic regimen. Application of new antithrombotic regimens was noted above. Future thrombolytic and antithrombotic regimens may be "cocktails" of one or more thrombolytic agents plus more powerful antithrombotic and antiplatelet agents. New generations of thrombolytic agents may replace the current first and second generation agents now used. Combination thrombolytic and anti-fibrin antibody agents and mutant tissue-type plasminogen activators with lower affinity for plasminogen activator inhibitor and longer half-lives are being developed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Insights into regression testing (software testing) (2003)

A problem facing those conducting maintenance testing is to identify proper test classes. The notion of regression testability is introduced as a way to measure the ease of retesting. Both the program design and the test plan design may affect the regression testability of a program. The testing set, testing number, regression number and stable and workable metrics are developed to measure the program and the test plan and program testability is defined. The retest strategy is proposed for performing corrective regression testing. This approach involves the use of the test plan in a way that will reduce the amount of testing required. The guiding principle of the retest strategy is to view the regression testing problem as being composed of two subproblems (the test selection problem and the test plan update problem). To this end, the author's retest strategy consists of two major phases (the test classification phase and test plan update phase).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Miro: visual specification of security (1990)

Miro is a set of languages and tools that support the visual specification of file system security. Two visual languages are presented: the instance language, which allows specification of file system access, and the constraint language, which allows specification of security policies. Miro visual languages and tools are used to specify security configurations. A visual language is one whose entities are graphical, such as boxes and arrows, specifying means stating independently of any implementation the desired properties of a system. Security means file system protection: ensuring that files are protected from unauthorized access and granting privileges to some users, but not others. Tools implemented and examples of how these languages can be applied to real security specification problems are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Medical image databases and informatics (2002)

In order to make use of the overwhelming amount of clinical text and images and supporting information available for medical clinical practice and research, high level intelligence will be integrated into next-generation PACS in the following areas: computer-based decision support, in the development of intelligent user interfaces, in the federation of heterogeneous medical imaging databases, and for PACS operational improvement. Computer-based decision support will allow the knowledge and reasoning of an expert to be applied to procedure selection and diagnostic reasoning. Intelligent display interfaces will be user and context sensitive, allowing for enhanced utilization, efficiency and interpretation of findings. Integrated medical multimedia databases and the tools necessary to intelligently navigate and search through these databases will allow for improved disease detection, and patient treatment as well as generate substantial new medical knowledge. The intelligent optimization of PACS performance and reliability will allow the effective enterprise-wide management of widely distributed imaging networks.
Thermal stress analysis for an aspheric glass lens mold (2008)

In the past, precision optical glass lenses were produced through multiple processes such as grinding and polishing, but mass production of aspheric lenses requiring high accuracy and having complex profile was rather difficult. In such a background, the high-precision optical GMP processes were developed with an eye to mass production of precision optical glass parts by molding press. Generally because the forming stage in a GMP process is operated at high temperature above , thermal stresses and deformations are generated in the aspheric glass lens mold that is used in GMP process. Thermal stresses and deformations have negative influences on the quality of a glass lens and mold, especially the height of the deformed glass lens will be different from the height of designed glass lens. To prevent the problems of a glass lens mold and the glass lens, it is very important that the thermal stresses and deformations of a glass lens mold at high forming temperature are considered at the glass molds design step. In this study as a fundamental study to develop the molds used in an aspheric glass lens fabrication, a heat transfer and a thermal stress analysis were carried out for the case of one cavity glass lens mold used in progressive GMP process. Finally using analysis results, it was predicted the height of thermally deformed guide ring and calculated the height of the guide ring to be modified, . This result was referred to design the glass lens molds for GMP process in production field.
Nucleotide Sequence of the Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Anionic Peroxidase Gene (1993)

Peroxidases have been implicated in numerous physiological processes including lignification (Grisebach, 1981), wound-healing (Espelie et al., 1986), phenol oxidation (Lagrimini, 1991), pathogen defense (Ye et al., 1990), and the regulation of cell elongation through the formation of interchain covalent bonds between various cell wall polymers (Fry, 1986; Goldberg et al., 1986; Bradley et al., 1992). However, a complete description of peroxidase action in vivo is not available because of the vast number of potential substrates and the existence of multiple isoenzymes. The tobacco anionic peroxidase is one of the better-characterized isoenzymes. This enzyme has been shown to oxidize a number of significant plant secondary compounds in vitro including cinnamyl alcohols, phenolic acids, and indole-3-acetic acid (Maeder, 1980; Lagrimini, 1991). A cDNA encoding the enzyme has been obtained, and this enzyme was shown to be expressed at the highest levels in lignifying tissues (xylem and tracheary elements) and also in epidermal tissue (Lagrimini et al., 1987). It was shown at this time that there were four distinct copies of the anionic peroxidase gene in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). A tobacco genomic DNA library was constructed in the [lambda]-phase EMBL3, from which two unique peroxidase genes were sequenced. One of these clones, [lambda]POD1, more » was designated as a pseudogene when the exonic sequences were found to differ from the cDNA sequences by 1%, and several frame shifts in the coding sequences indicated a dysfunctional gene (the authors' unpublished results). The other clone, [lambda]POD3, described in this manuscript, was designated as the functional tobacco anionic peroxidase gene because of 100% homology with the cDNA. Significant structural elements include an AS-2 box indicated in shoot-specific expression (Lam and Chua, 1989), a TATA box, and two intervening sequences. 10 refs., 1 tab. « less
CD69 Association with Jak3/Stat5 Proteins Regulates Th17 Cell Differentiation (2010)

T-cell differentiation involves the early decision to commit to a particular pattern of response to an antigen. Here, we show that the leukocyte activation antigen CD69 limits differentiation into proinflammatory helper T cells (Th17 cells). Upon antigen stimulation in vitro, CD4(+) T cells from CD69-deficient mice generate an expansion of Th17 cells and the induction of greater mRNA expression of interleukin 17 (IL-17), IL 23 receptor (IL-23R), and the nuclear receptor retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt). In vivo studies with CD69-deficient mice bearing OTII T-cell receptors (TCRs) specific for OVA peptide showed a high proportion of antigen-specific Th17 subpopulation in the draining lymph nodes, as well as in CD69-deficient mice immunized with type II collagen. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that the CD69 cytoplasmic tail associates with the Jak3/Stat5 signaling pathway, which regulates the transcription of RORγt and, consequently, differentiation toward the Th17 lineage. Functional experiments in Th17 cultures demonstrated that the selective inhibition of Jak3 activation enhanced the transcription of RORγt. Moreover, the addition of exogenous IL-2 restored Stat5 phosphorylation and inhibited the enhanced Th17 differentiation in CD69-deficient cells. These results support the early activation receptor CD69 as an intrinsic modulator of the T-cell differentiation program that conditions immune inflammatory processes.
Adsorption of Strong Acid on Polyaminated Highly Porous Chitosan: Equilibria (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdsorption of Strong Acid on Polyaminated Highly Porous Chitosan: EquilibriaHiroyuki Yoshida, Noboru Kishimoto, and Takeshi KataokaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 4, 854–859Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00028a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00028a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views141Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Surface reconstruction from unorganized points (1992)

We describe and demonstrate an algorithm that takes as input an unorganized set of points {x l , . . . . x n } ⊂ R 3 on or near an unknown manifold M, and produces as output a simplicial surface that approximates M. Neither the topology, the presence of boundaries, nor the geometry of M are assumed to be known in advance - all are inferred automatically from the data. This problem naturally arises in a variety of practical situations such as range scanning an object from multiple view points, recovery of biological shapes from two-dimensional slices, and interactive surface sketching.
Preparation and in vitro characterization of mucoadhesive Norethisterone - egg albumin microspheres for nasal administration. (2013)

In this study suitable, smooth, spherical, cross-linked egg albumin microspheres in the size range of 15-40 um loaded with norethisterone were prepared by multiple emulsion (o/w/o) method by the glutarldehyde cross-linking and thermal denaturation technique. Microspheres were prepared by using different drug/polymer ratios. Egg albumin was used as a mucoadhesive polymer in the formulation to increase the residence time of the microspheres on the nasal mucosa. The albumin microspheres were characterized and evaluated with respect to the particle size, production yield, encapsulation efficiency, shape and surface properties, drug polymer interaction, mucoadhesive property and suitability for nasal drug delivery. The in vitro diffusion of NE from the prepared microspheres exhibited the extent of drug release decreased from 95 –60%. The release of the drug has been controlled by swelling control release mechanism. No initial burst release has been recorded except for NE microspheres stabilized using 25% w/v glutarldehyde as cross-linking agent. The drug release from NE microspheres obeys Higuchi diffusion controlled model.
PoPoolation2: identifying differentiation between populations using sequencing of pooled DNA samples (Pool-Seq) (2011)

Manual: http://code.google.com/p/popoolation2/wiki/Manual Test data and tutorial: http://code.google.com/p/popoolation2/wiki/Tutorial Validation: http://code.google.com/p/popoolation2/wiki/Validation.
Shear-Mediated Crystallization of Isotactic Polypropylene:  The Role of Long Chain−Long Chain Overlap (2002)

The role of long chains in shear-mediated crystallization was studied by in situ rheo-optical measurements and ex situ microscopic observations. To elucidate the effects of long chains, we prepared model blends in which fractionated isotactic polypropylene (iPP) (denoted L-PP) with high molecular weight (MW) and narrow molecular weight distribution was blended with a metallocene iPP (Base-PP) with lower molecular weight. The concentration of L-PP (c) was varied ranging from 0 to twice the concentration (c*) at which L-PP coils overlap. The crystallization of all blends after cessation of transient shearing was accelerated, while the quiescent crystallization kinetics were not affected by the addition of L-PP. A distinctive change in the development of birefringence after shearing was observed when the wall shear stress (σw) exceeded a critical value (σ*). Below σ*, irrespective of c, the birefringence after transient shearing increased gradually, reaching a small value at the end of crystallization. Above σ*, a brief interval of shear induced highly oriented growth, manifested in the birefringence after cessation of flow and growing stronger and reaching a large value as crystallization proceeded. Further, the rate of growth of the birefringence exhibited a strong, nonlinear c dependence. The morphology of the skin layer showed a shish kebab type structure observed by TEM for samples subjected to stresses above σ*. The number density and thickness of shish were affected by c and changed drastically at c near the overlap concentration of the long chains. This indicates that the role of long chains in shear-induced oriented crystallization is cooperative (rather than a single chain effect), enhanced by long chain−long chain overlap.
Printed tri‐band monopole antenna structures for wireless applications (2009)

Abstract This article proposes a novel tri‐band printed monopole antenna structure for wireless applications in GSM, DCS, and wireless local area network applications, IEEE 802.11 industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. The proposed antenna consists of a rectangular patch monopole printed antenna in which a slot is cut, and dual‐band E‐shape patch is placed. The three arms in monopole antenna generates three resonate frequencies to cover 890–960 MHz GSM band, 1710–1880 MHz DCS band, and 2.4–2.5 GHz ISM band. Slots are removed to coincide with central arm to obtain the second structure. Central arm of antenna resonate at GSM, whereas the other two side arms resonate at DCS and ISM band; therefore three bands can be optimized easily. The proposed antennas can easily be fed by using a 50 Ω probe feed. The simulated VSWR is <2 over 890–960 MHz, 1710–1880 MHz, and 2.4–2.5 GHz The radiation patterns indicate the suitability of these antennas for wireless applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1781–1785, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24440
SNPs3D: Candidate gene and SNP selection for association studies (2006)

The combination of SNP impact analysis, a knowledge based network of gene relationships and candidate genes, and access to a wide range of data and literature allow a user to quickly assimilate available information, and so develop models of gene-pathway-disease interaction.
High prevalence of the His63Asp HFE mutation in italian patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (1998)

Sporadic porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is caused by a reduced activity of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (URO-D) in the liver. Mild to moderate iron overload is common in PCT, as iron is one of the factors which trigger the clinical manifestations of the disease through the inactivation of URO-D. A role for genetic hemochromatosis in the development of iron overload in sporadic PCT has been hypothesized in the past. The aim of this work was to investigate whether mutations of HFE, which is a candidate gene for hemochromatosis, play the role of genetic susceptibility factors for PCT in Italian patients, who have a high prevalence of acquired triggering factors, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection and alcohol. We determined HFE genotypes of 68 male patients with PCT. Our data do not confirm an association of PCT with the Cys282Tyr HFE mutation, strongly associated with hemochromatosis in Northern European countries. A second mutation of HFE, His63Asp, however, had a significantly increased frequency as it was present in half of the patients. Surprisingly, the presence of the His63Asp mutation was not related to the iron status of patients, suggesting that a subtle abnormality of iron metabolism induced by this mutation could escape detection by the standard parameters of iron status. In PCT patients with liver disease, the presence of the mutation could contribute to the inactivation of URO-D, either directly or through a synergistic action with other factors that cause liver damage.
A shallow trench isolation for sub-0.13 μm CMOS technologies (2002)

The design of a shallow trench isolation (STI) for sub-0.13 /spl mu/m CMOS technologies is described in this paper. The areas addressed and key results of the STI are as follows. (a) A deep UV lithography with a surface imaging resist can define trench openings down to 0.12 /spl mu/m with good linearity. (b) A new high density plasma (HDP) CVD oxide process is able to fill 0.16 /spl mu/m wide and 0.5 /spl mu/m deep trenches without voids and to maintain good junction leakage and charge to breakdown (Q/sub bd/). (c) Optimized Nwell/Pwell implant doses and well and channel stop (CS) implant energies are described using both experimental data and tuned device simulations. Interwell (N/sup +/-to-Nwell and P/sup +/-to-Pwell) isolation of 0.15 /spl mu/m or N/sup +/-to-P/sup +/ spacing of 0.3 /spl mu/m, and intrawell (N/sup +/-to-N/sup +/ and P/sup +/-to-P/sup +/) isolation of 0.12 /spl mu/m have been achieved. Latch-up is shown to correlate well with /spl alpha//sub NPN/+/spl alpha//sub PNP/, the sum of the common base current gains of the parasitic NPN and PNP transistors. Good latch-up (holding voltage>1.5 V) has been achieved using 0.5 /spl mu/m deep trench with optimized CS and well implant conditions.
Asymmetric Interactions of Hexameric Bacteriophage T7 DNA Helicase with the 5′- and 3′-Tails of the Forked DNA Substrate (1997)

Bacteriophage T7 DNA helicase requires two noncomplementary single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) tails next to a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) region to initiate DNA unwinding. The interactions of the helicase with the DNA were investigated using a series of forked DNAs. Our results show that the helicase interacts asymmetrically with the two tails of the forked DNA. When the helicase was preassembled on the forked DNA before the start of unwinding, a DNA with 15-nucleotide (nt) 3'-tail and 35-nt 5'-tail was unwound with optimal rates close to 60 base pairs/s at 18 degrees C. When the helicase was not preassembled on the DNA, a >65-nt long 5'-tail was required for maximal unwinding rates of 12 base pairs/s. We show that the helicase interacts specifically with the ssDNA region and maintains contact with both ssDNA strands during DNA unwinding, since conversion of the two ssDNA tails to dsDNA structures greatly inhibited unwinding, and the helicase was unable to unwind past a nick in the dsDNA region. These studies have provided new insights into the mechanism of DNA unwinding. We propose an exclusion model of DNA unwinding in which T7 helicase hexamer interacts mainly with the ssDNA strands during DNA unwinding, encircling the 5'-strand and excluding the 3'-strand from the hole.