gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
건강검진 수진자의 췌장암 발견에 있어서 혈청CA 19 - 9 의 의의 (1997)

Objectives: Although prognosis for pancreatic cancer is generally poor, it is well known that the survival rate for resected pancreatic cancer is much higher than that for more conservative treatment. The importance of early detection is emphasized for resection of pancreatic cancer. Measurement of serum CA 19-9 has shown satisfactory sensitivity and predictive value in symptomatic patients, but there was no available data in healthy asymptomatic subjects. Thus, we aimed to determine the clinical usefulness of CA19-9 for screening of pancreatic cancer in asymptomatic subjects. Methods: 11,974 asymptomatic persons visiting Samsung Health Promotion Center from December 1994 to July 1996 participated in this study. All subjects underwent ultrasonography and CA19-9 as initial screening tests. We analyzed sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values in detecting pancreatic cancer of CA 19-9 using statistical methods. Results: Mass screening of 11,974 asymptomatic persons resulted in the detection of only 2 cases of pancreatic cancer. 179 subjects had CA 19-9 values above the cutoff of 37u/ml, including the 2 cases diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. The prevalence of pancreatic cancer over the age of 30 in Korea is 14.8 per 100,000 population. Therefore, sensitivity is 100% and specificity is 98.5%. However, positive predictive value of CA19-9 for detection of pancreatic cancer is only 0.98% in asymptomatic population. Conclusion: Mass screening of pancreatic cancer using CA 19-9 in asymptomatic subjects is ineffective due to low predictive value, despite high sensitivity and specificity.
The effect of varying carboxylate ligation on the electronic environment of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>x</sub>(x = 1–3) nonheme iron: A DFT analysis (2011)

Mononuclear nonheme iron oxygenase (MNO) enzymes contain a subclass of metalloproteins capable of catalyzing the O(2)-dependent hydroxylation of unactivated substrates at a ferrous ion center coordinated to a highly conserved His-His-Glu/Asp motif. These enzymes, which utilize additional reducing equivalents obtained from the decarboxylation of a coordinated α-ketoglutarate (αKG) cofactor, do not readily interact with O(2) in the absence of αKG binding. Density functional theory calculations with the B3LYP functional were performed to gain insight into the electrochemical behavior of three sets of Fe(II/III) complexes containing a core N, N, O facial binding motif in which the number of carboxylate ligands was systematically altered, to provide one, two (cis) or three (fac) labile sites. The calculated trend in Fe(II/III) reduction potentials was observed to parallel that observed in cyclic voltammetry experiments, showing a decrease in potential (stabilized oxidized state) with increasing carboxylate ligation. This trend does not appear to be the result of differential charge on the metal complex. Changes in the redox-active molecular orbital (RAMO) energy due to covalent effects dominate across the series of complexes when chloride is modeled as the labile ligand, with the π anti-bonding nature of the RAMO being an important factor. With water molecules as the labile ligands, however, a much steeper redox dependence on the number of carboxylate ligands is observed and this effect seems to be largely electrostatic in origin. Differential relaxation of the occupied molecular orbitals in the ferric complexes appears to contribute to the redox trend as well. Finally, these observations are placed in the context of MNO enzyme mechanisms.
Is warfarin a contraindication to thrombolysis in acute ST elevation myocardial infarction?: Table 1 (2006)

The use of thrombolysis to treat ST elevation myocardial infraction (MI) is well supported. Serious adverse events occur in 1–2% of patients.1 Warfarin is increasingly prescribed to patients at high cardiovascular risk and it is inevitable that these patients will present with an MI that warrants thrombolytic treatment. The British National Formulary and the American Heart Association both advise that patients on warfarin present a relative contraindication to thrombolysis, but this has resulted in uncertainty in providing patients with the optimum medical management.

Streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activators activate the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, which rapidly degrades formed thrombus. In contrast, warfarin inhibits the carboxylation of the vitamin K dependent clotting factors II, VII, IX and X (extrinsic system) rending these factors inactive.

Anecdotally physicians differ in their advice regarding thrombolysis for patients prescribed warfarin. Before the present study, all acute care physicians and cardiologists at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust were surveyed anonymously about their use of thrombolysis for such patients. Three respondents (of 38 replies received) advised thrombolysis regardless of the international normalised ratio (INR). Of the others, 24 would advise thrombolysis only if the INR was less than 3. This was irrespective of grade and specialty.

Primarily, the objective of this study was to investigate the thrombolysis complication rate among patients prescribed warfarin at the time of admission for an MI. For this purpose, we retrospectively …
Characterization of <i>P69E</i> and <i>P69F</i>, Two Differentially Regulated Genes Encoding New Members of the Subtilisin-Like Proteinase Family from Tomato Plants (2000)

Subtilisin-like proteins represent an ancient family of serine proteases that are extremely widespread in living organisms. We report here the structure and genomic organization of two new transcriptionally active genes encoding proteins that belong to the P69 family of subtilisin-like proteases from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants. The two new members, P69E and P69F, are organized in a cluster and arranged in a tandem form. mRNA expression analysis and studies of transgenic Arabidopsis plants transformed with promoter-beta-glucuronidase fusions for each of these two genes revealed that they are differentially regulated, with each showing a highly specific mRNA expression pattern. P69E mRNA is expressed only in roots, while P69F mRNA is expressed only in hydathodes. A comparison of all the P69 amino acid sequences, gene structure, expression profiles, and clustered organization suggests a working model for P69 gene family evolution.
A fast 4*4 DCT algorithm for the recursive 2-D DCT (1992)

The authors present an efficient algorithm for the computation of the 4*4 discrete cosine transform (DCT). The algorithm is based on the decomposition of the 4*4 DCT into four 4-point 1-D DCTs. Thus, only 1-D transformations and some additions are required. It is shown that the proposed algorithm requires only 16 multiplications, which is half the number needed for the conventional row-column method. Since the 2/sup m/*2/sup m/ DCT can be computed using the 4*4 DCT recursively for any m, the proposed algorithm leads to a fast algorithm for the computation of the 2-D DCT.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Quantitative analysis of regional motion and thickening by gated myocardial perfusion SPECT: normal heterogeneity and criteria for abnormality. (2001)

Normal regional myocardial contraction by gated myocardial perfusion SPECT is characterized by a substantial apex-to-base decline in thickening and by circumferential heterogeneity in endocardial motion. The assignment of segment-specific threshold values for defining motion and thickening abnormalities provided reasonably accurate identification and grading of regional myocardial dysfunction.
Induction by the guanosine analogue oxanosine of reversion toward the normal phenotype of K-ras-transformed rat kidney cells. (1989)

Oxanosine, a guanosine analogue antibiotic, altered the "transformed" morphology of rat kidney cells integrating a temperature-sensitive K-ras gene into "normal" morphology at 34 degrees C, a permissive temperature. Oxanosine also increased the cellular content of fibronectin to the normal level. The cells under these conditions had lower levels of guanine nucleotides and unstable and less palmitylated Mr 21,000 protein (K-ras gene product, referred to as p21). These changes in p21 were the same as those which occurred to p21 in the cells cultured in the absence of oxanosine at 39.5 degrees C, a nonpermissive temperature.
CTP: An Optimistic Commit Protocol for Conversational Transactions (2001)

Available from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:4335.26205(2001-20) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply Centre
Halogenierte Pyridine II. Reaktionen der 3‐Halogenmethyl‐pyridine (1976)

Halogenated pyridines II. Reactions of 3‐halogenomethyl‐pyridines . The facile syntheis of 3‐halogenomethyl‐pyridines provides an easy access to a variety of new 2, 6‐di‐ and 2, 5, 6‐trihalogented pyridines with various functional groups in the 3‐position of the pyridine ring. Substitution reactions of the 3‐halogenomethyl groups, their Friedel Crafts reactions, and nitrations of the halogenated pyridine ring are reported.
Operating system level support for resource sharing across multiple domains (2005)

On demand resources sharing is a fundamental requirement for distributed systems. However, the existence of multiple administrative domains makes it hard to share resources among these domains dynamically. We think an important reason is domain-dependent user management in traditional operating systems, and previous middleware approaches can not solve the problem thoroughly. In this paper, we propose cross-domain operating system to implement domain-independent user management at the operating system level. Following methods are adopted to achieve the goal: 1) using global user identifiers to replace traditional user identifiers; 2) implanting global user identifiers into kernel entities such as processes and files; 3) adopting an access control mechanism based on global user identifiers. The most important feature of our approach is that we implement it by introducing innovative elements into operating system kernels. Compared with middleware approaches, our method can provide better security, performance and compatibility
Performance of random medium access control, an asymptotic approach (2008)

Random Medium-Access-Control (MAC) algorithms have played an increasingly important role in the development of wired and wireless Local Area Networks (LANs) and yet the performance of even the simplest of these algorithms, such as slotted-Aloha, are still not clearly understood. In this paper we provide a general and accurate method to analyze networks where interfering users share a resource using random MAC algorithms. We show that this method is asymptotically exact when the number of users grows large, and explain why it also provides extremely accurate performance estimates even for small systems. We apply this analysis to solve two open problems: (a) We address the stability region of non-adaptive Aloha-like systems. Specifically, we consider a fixed number of buffered users receiving packets from independent exogenous processes and accessing the resource using Aloha-like algorithms. We provide an explicit expression to approximate the stability region of this system, and prove its accuracy. (b) We outline how to apply the analysis to predict the performance of adaptive MAC algorithms, such as the exponential back-off algorithm, in a system where saturated users interact through interference. In general, our analysis may be used to quantify how far from optimality the simple MAC algorithms used in LANs today are, and to determine if more complicated (e.g. queue-based) algorithms proposed in the literature could provide significant improvement in performance.
Synthesis of Isoquinolines. IV.<sup>1</sup> 4-Benzylisoquinolines (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Isoquinolines. IV.1 4-BenzylisoquinolinesJ. M. Bobbitt, D. P. Winter, and Judith M. KielyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 7, 2459–2460Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01018a507https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01018a507research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views214Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Advanced Analytical Models: Over 800 Models and 300 Applications from the Basel II Accord to Wall Street and Beyond (Wiley Finance) (2008)

An in-depth guide to advanced analytical models More practitioners are turning to financial modeling to quantitatively estimate the value of a security. Advanced Analytical Models offers a comprehensive set of 250 models that cover a wide range of industries and applications, including banking, manufacturing, military, pharmaceutical, financial services, oil and gas, operations research, risk simulation, portfolio optimization, and forecasting. The book includes a companion DVD that discusses all the models covered in the book and contains numerous informative case studies that will help readers apply the information they've learned in real-world situations.
Neocortical Synapse Density and Braak Stage in the Lewy Body Variant of Alzheimer Disease: A Comparison with Classic Alzheimer Disease and Normal Aging (1998)

Substantial numbers of cortical and subcortical Lewy bodies are seen in approximately one quarter of patients whose brains show sufficient histopathologic changes for a neuropathologic diagnosis of definite Alzheimer disease (AD). This subset of cases has been named the Lewy body variant of AD (LBV). Despite comparable dementia and the presence of neocortical senile plaques in LBV patients, the overall burden of neuropathologic changes, in particular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), is less than in classic AD. While NFT frequency correlates with dementia severity in classic AD, the cognitive impairment in patients with LBV cannot be completely explained by such changes. Since several studies have suggested a role for synapse loss in relation to dementia severity in classic AD, we decided to investigate the role of synapse loss as a candidate for the cognitive impairment of LBV. The Braak staging method is based upon the distribution and severity of neurofibrillary changes, and one therefore would expect LBV cases to be assigned to lower Braak stages. In the present study we assigned a Braak stage to 14 LBV cases, 31 classic AD cases, and a group of 10 non-demented aged controls. We compared the severity of synapse loss as determined by ELISA immunoassay for synaptophysin and Braak stage among the three diagnostic groups. When compared to normal controls, synaptophysin concentrations were statistically significantly lower in both demented groups. There was comparable synapse loss in LBV and AD despite significantly lower Braak stages in the LBV cases. These results suggest a major role for loss of synapses as the substrate of cognitive impairment in LBV.
Photophysics of <i>meso-</i>β Doubly Linked Ni(II) Porphyrin Arrays:  Large Two-Photon Absorption Cross-Section and Fast Energy Relaxation Dynamics (2007)

Two-photon absorption (TPA) properties and energy relaxation dynamics of meso-β doubly linked Ni(II) porphyrin arrays (DLNin, n = 2−5) in CHCl3 have been investigated. DLNin exhibits near-IR-extended absorption bands up to 1000 nm and enlarged TPA cross-section values without any one-photon contribution as the number of subunits increases mainly due to an elongation of effective π-conjugation length. Especially, in the case of pentamer, DLNi5 had a TPA cross-section value of 41 000 GM, which is the largest value per subunit (σ(2)/n ∼ 8000 GM) among the conjugated porphyrins ever studied. Fast energy relaxation processes within a few picoseconds were observed by femtosecond transient absorption measurements, indicating that various charge transfer and (d,d) states of the central Ni(II) ion are involved in deactivation pathways as the ladder states in DLNin.
Synthesis of 2,2-dialkyl-1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acids from .alpha.-chloro ketimines (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 2,2-dialkyl-1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acids from .alpha.-chloro ketiminesNorbert De Kimpe, Paul Sulmon, and Pascal BrunetCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 22, 5777–5784Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00309a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00309a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views492Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The incubation period of 2019-nCoV from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application (2020)

Abstract A novel human coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified in China in December, 2019. There is limited support for many of its key epidemiologic features, including the incubation period, which has important implications for surveillance and control activities. Here, we use data from public reports of 101 confirmed cases in 38 provinces, regions, and countries outside of Wuhan (Hubei province, China) with identifiable exposure windows and known dates of symptom onset to estimate the incubation period of 2019-nCoV. We estimate the median incubation period of 2019-nCoV to be 5.2 days (95% CI: 4.4, 6.0), and 97.5% of those who develop symptoms will do so within 10.5 days (95% CI: 7.3, 15.3) of infection. These estimates imply that, under conservative assumptions, 64 out of every 10,000 cases will develop symptoms after 14 days of active monitoring or quarantine. Whether this risk is acceptable depends on the underlying risk of infection and consequences of missed cases. The estimates presented here can be used to inform policy in multiple contexts based on these judgments.
Severe Fibronectin-Deposit Renal Glomerular Disease in Mice Lacking Uteroglobin (1997)

Despite myriads of biological activities ascribed to uteroglobin (UG), a steroid-inducible secreted protein, its physiological functions are unknown. Mice in which the uteroglobin gene was disrupted had severe renal disease that was associated with massive glomerular deposition of predominantly multimeric fibronectin (Fn). The molecular mechanism that normally prevents Fn deposition appears to involve high-affinity binding of UG with Fn to form Fn-UG heteromers that counteract Fn self-aggregation, which is required for abnormal tissue deposition. Thus, UG is essential for maintaining normal renal function in mice, which raises the possibility that an analogous pathogenic mechanism may underlie genetic Fn-deposit human glomerular disease.
Reaction of aromatic N-oxides with dipolarophiles. IV. Factors affecting the 1,3-cycloaddition of pyridine 1-oxide with phenyl isocyanates. (1981)

Pyridine 1-oxide was subjected to 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition with phenyl isocyanates having an ortho, meta or para substituent group. The reaction conducted at 90°C in dimethylformamide gave the 2, 3-dihydropyridine-form cycloadduct, although the reaction of pyridine 1-oxide with phenyl isocyanate directly affords 2-anilinopyridine. An increase of the reaction time led to increases in the yields of 2-anilinopyridine and 1-phenyl-carbamoyl-2-phenylimino-1, 2-dihydropyridine, while the yield of the cycloadduct tended to decrease. The reaction at 150°C resulted in an increased yield of 2-anilinopyridine. The reactions of 2-anilinopyridine and 5-methyl-2-anilinopyridine with phenyl isocyanate at room temperature afforded the corresponding 1-phenylcarbamoyl-2-phenylimino-1, 2-dihydropyridines, whereas the reactions of 3-methyl- and 3, 5-dimethyl-2-anilinopyridines with phenyl isocyanate at 90°C afforded 2-(N-phenylcarbamoylanilino) pyridine derivatives.
When machine learning meets compressive sampling for wideband spectrum sensing (2017)

This paper proposes a novel technique that exploits spectrum occupancy behaviors inherent to wideband spectrum access to enable efficient cooperative wideband spectrum sensing. Our technique requires lesser number of sensing measurements while still recovering spectrum occupancy information accurately. It does so by leveraging compressive sampling theory to exploit the block-like occupancy structure of wideband spectrum access. Our technique is also adaptive in that it accounts for the variability of spectrum occupancy over time. It exploits supervised learning to provide and use accurate realtime estimates of the spectrum occupancy. Using simulations, we show that our proposed technique outperforms existing approaches by making accurate spectrum occupancy decisions with lesser sensing communication and energy overheads.
Synthesis and reduction of 1,4‐phenylene‐bridged oligoporphyrins (1992)

The charge‐storage capability of oligoporphyrins (for example that shown in the figure) have been investigated. This has been made possible by the development of a straightforward synthesis of aryl‐substituted dipyrromethanes. magnified image
Viruses Of The Protozoa (1991)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More