gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bitmask-based control word compression for NISC architectures (2009)

Implementing a custom hardware is not always feasible due to cost and time considerations. No instruction set computer (NISC) architecture is one of the promising direction to design a custom datapath for each application using its execution characteristics. A major challenge with NISC control word is that they tend to be at least 4 to 5 times larger than regular instruction size, thereby imposing higher memory requirement. A promising approach is to compress these control words to reduce the code size of the application. This article proposes an efficient bitmask-based compression technique to drastically reduce the control word size while keeping the decompression overhead minimal. The main contributions of our approach are: i) efficient don't care resolution for maximum bitmask coverage using limited dictionary entries, ii) run length encoding to significantly reduce repetitive control words, and iii) smart encoding of constant and less frequently changing bits. Our experimental results demonstrate that our approach improves compression efficiency by an average of 20% over the best known control word compression, giving a compression ratio of 25% to 35%.
Review. Andre Suares, Critique. Savet, Gabrielle (1961)

REVIEWS Get access André Suarès, Critique. By GABRIELLE SAVET. (Essais et Critiques 2.) Paris: Didier. 1959. 188 pp. P. MANSELL JONES P. MANSELL JONES CARMARTHEN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies, Volume XV, Issue 1, January 1961, Pages 83–84, https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/XV.1.83 Published: 01 January 1961
Periodontal disease: bacterial virulence factors, host response and impact on systemic health (2000)

Teeth are coated with a biofilm that contains periodontal pathogens. Pathogens express virulence factors which enable them to invade and replicate within epithelial cells and to invade the underlying connective tissue. This stimulates production of prostaglandins and cytokines that induce tissue loss. In addition, these bacteria have the potential to modulate the course of systemic diseases such as atherosclerosis and to contribute to low birthweight and preterm labor.
A Study of Fully-Developed, Laminar, Axial Flow and Taylor Vortex Flow by Means of Shear Stress Measurements (1979)

The results of a shear stress investigation for combined axial and rotational flow, under conditions of both laminar flow and laminar flow plus Taylor vortices, are presented. These results show that two distinct régimes of shear stress dependency exist. In the primary régime, the shear stress is constant and depends only on the imposed axial flow, the flow being either laminar (Poiseuille and Couette flows) or laminar with vortices, but with the effect of the vortices being negligible. In the secondary régime, the shear stress is shown to depend only on Ta 0.735 , irrespective of the imposed axial flow. At low axial flow rates, a tertiary régime was observed, but no satisfactory explanation can be found for this phenomenon. The demarcation between the primary and secondary flow régimes differs markedly from those of other investigators. In the present study, critical conditions are determined by the point at which vortices begin to have an effect on measurements taken at the outer annular wall rather than the conditions under which vortices are initially formed. Evidence is presented for the vortices being formed within a confined layer near to the inner cylinder and thereafter growing with increasing rotational speed until the outer annular wall is approached, resulting in the much higher critical conditions found in the present study.
Cavitand−Porphyrins (2001)

The synthesis and characterization of new nanoscale container molecules 7 and 8 are described. They are covalent hybrids of deepened, self-folding cavitands and metalloporphyrins. In receptor 7, the Zn-porphyrin wall is directly built onto the cavitand skeleton. Host 8 features a large unimolecular cavity containing two cavitands attached with the Zn-porphyrin wall. Its dimensions, approximately 10 x 25 A, place it among the largest synthetic hosts prepared to date. A series of adamantyl- and pyridyl-containing guests 14-20 of various lengths were prepared and used to determine the hosts' binding abilities in solution using UV/vis and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Intramolecular hydrogen bonds at the upper rims of the cavitands resist the unfolding of the inner cavities and thereby increase the energetic barrier to guest exchange. The exchange is slow on the NMR time scale (at < or =300 K), and kinetically stable complexes result. When the cavities and metalloporphyrins participate simultaneously in the binding event, very high affinities for guests are found (-DeltaG295 up to 10 kcal x mol(-1) in toluene), to which the porphyrin fragments contribute significantly (-DeltaG295 up to 6 kcal x mol(-1)). The pairwise selection of two different guests by molecular container 8 is reported, and the termolecular complex formed raises the possibility of metal-catalyzed bimolecular reactions in these containers.
A Novel Strained Undecadiyne Cyclophane with Interesting Dienophilic Character (2001)

[reaction: see text] Copper-mediated oxidative coupling of 3 afforded the strained product 4 from intramolecular cyclization rather than the triply bridged cyclophane 5 from dimerization. X-ray analysis of the bromo derivative 15 confirmed the distorted nature of the butadiyne bridge (bond angles 164.1 degrees and 153.4 degrees). The distortion in the strained triple bond is reflected in its cycloaddition reactivity. Cyclopentadiene and 1,3-cyclohexandiene afforded the new adduct macrocycles 16 and 17, respectively.
Cardioprotective Role of Sodium Thiosulfate on Chronic Heart Failure by Modulating Endogenous H<sub>2</sub>S Generation (2008)

These results suggested that STS modulated cardiac dysfunction and the extracellular matrix, in part, by increasing ventricular H(2)S generation.
Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Decreases Expression of the Epithelial Sodium Channel αENaC and Alveolar Epithelial Vectorial Sodium and Fluid Transport via an ERK1/2-dependent Mechanism (2003)

Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by the flooding of the alveolar airspaces with protein-rich edema fluid and diffuse alveolar damage. We have previously reported that transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is a critical mediator of ALI after intratracheal administration of bleomycin or Escherichia coli endotoxin, at least in part due to effects on lung endothelial and alveolar epithelial permeability. In the present study, we hypothesized that TGF-beta1 would also decrease vectorial ion and water transport across the distal lung epithelium. Therefore, we studied the effect of active TGF-beta1 on 22Na+ uptake across monolayers of primary rat and human alveolar type II (ATII) cells. TGF-beta1 significantly reduced the amiloride-sensitive fraction of 22Na+ uptake and fluid transport across monolayers of both rat and human ATII cells. TGF-beta1 also significantly decreased alphaENaC mRNA and protein expression and inhibited expression of a luciferase reporter downstream of the alphaENaC promoter in lung epithelial cells. The inhibitory effect of TGF-beta1 on sodium uptake and alphaENaC expression in ATII cells was mediated by activation of the MAPK, ERK1/2. Consistent with the in vitro results, TGF-beta1 inhibited the amiloride-sensitive fraction of the distal airway epithelial fluid transport in an in vivo rat model at a dose that was not associated with any change in epithelial protein permeability. These data indicate that increased TGF-beta1 activity in the distal airspaces during ALI promotes alveolar edema by reducing distal airway epithelial sodium and fluid clearance. This reduction in sodium and fluid transport is attributable in large part to a reduction in apical membrane alphaENaC expression mediated through an ERK1/2-dependent inhibition of the alphaENaC promoter activity.
Photonic Systems Interconnections—Overcoming the High Speed Electronics Bottleneck (1988)

Fundamental engineering limits to very high speed electronics switching systems are employed. These limitations are caused by packaging and interconnection constraints, as well as device switching speed. From the device viewpoint, reactive parasitics caused by the packaging/interconnection scenario are discussed. From the systems level perspective, overall delay, delay variance and power consumption are explored. The important problem of clock distribution in high speed synchronous digital systems is discussed. These limitations are then revisited with photonics implementation in mind. Comparisons are made between the electrical and photonic approaches. Some engineering limits to the photonic alternative are laid out.
THE MICRODETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES IN BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS (1937)

In the method the Volhard reaction and the open Carius digestion of Laudat (1917) are used.The microvolumetric measurements are made with the precision syringe of Krogh and Keys (1931) a&l the Rehberg burette (1926).Reagents and Apparatus-Ammonium thiocyanate, NH&N& approximately 0.1 N (0.76 gm. in 100 ml.).Silver nitrate, AgN03, approximately 0.2 N (34 gm. in 1 liter).Keep in a dark bottle.Ferric alum, Fez(SO&.(NH&Sob.24H,O.Dissolve 40 gm. in 100 ml. of hot water, allow to cool, and add 5 ml. of concentrated nitric acid.Ether, chloride-free.Hydrogen peroxide, 30 per cent (superoxol or perhydrol).Sodium or potassium chloride, standard solutions 0.1, 0.8, and 0.5 N.Prepare from recrystallized, dried salts.Syringe-pipettesl(Krogh and Keys, 1931), illustrated in Fig. l,A.These greatly improve the ease and accuracy of the procedure.One, for blood, red cells, plasma, etc., should be set at about
Hemolymph Sugar Homeostasis and Starvation-Induced Hyperactivity Affected by Genetic Manipulations of the Adipokinetic Hormone-Encoding Gene in Drosophila melanogaster (2004)

Adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) are metabolic neuropeptides, mediating mobilization of energy substrates from the fat body in many insects. In delving into the roles of the Drosophila Akh (dAkh) gene, its developmental expression patterns were examined and the physiological functions of the AKH-producing neurons were investigated using animals devoid of AKH neurons and ones with ectopically expressing dAkh. The dAkh gene is expressed exclusively in the corpora cardiaca from late embryos to adult stages. Projections emanating from the AKH neurons indicated that AKH has multiple target tissues as follows: the prothoracic gland and aorta in the larva and the crop and brain in the adult. Studies using transgenic manipulations of the dAkh gene demonstrated that AKH induced both hypertrehalosemia and hyperlipemia. Starved wild-type flies displayed prolonged hyperactivity prior to death; this novel behavioral pattern could be associated with food-searching activities in response to starvation. In contrast, flies devoid of AKH neurons not only lacked this type of hyperactivity, but also displayed strong resistance to starvation-induced death. From these findings, we propose another role for AKH in the regulation of starvation-induced foraging behavior.
Myenteric plexus in Hirschsprung's disease. (1967)

ABSTRACT. In uremic patients, various uremic toxins are accumulated and exert various biologic effects on uremia. Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is one of uremic toxins that is derived from dietary protein, and serum levels of IS are markedly increased in both uremic rats and patients. It has been previously reported that the accumulation of IS promotes the progression of chronic renal failure (CRF). This study demonstrates the role of rat organic anion transporters (rOATs) in the transport of IS and the induction of its nephrotoxicity. The administration of IS to 5/6-nephrectomized rats caused a faster progression of CRF, and immunohistochemistry revealed that IS was detected in the proximal and distal tubules where rOAT1 (proximal tubules) and/or rOAT3 (proximal and distal tubules) were also shown to be localized. In <i>in vitro</i> study, the proximal tubular cells derived from mouse that stably express rOAT1 (S2 rOAT1) and rOAT3 (S2 rOAT3) were established. IS inhibited organic anion uptake by S2 rOAT1 and S2 rOAT3, and the Ki values were 34.2 and 74.4 μM, respectively. Compared with mock, S2 rOAT1 and S2 rOAT3 exhibited higher levels of IS uptake, which was inhibited by probenecid and cilastatin, organic anion transport inhibitors. The addition of IS induced a decrease in the viability of S2 rOAT1 and S2 rOAT3 as compared with the mock, which was rescued by probenecid. These results suggest that rOAT1 and rOAT3 play an important role in the transcellular transport of IS and the induction of its nephrotoxicity.
Effect of Initiators on the Kumada Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation Reaction (2009)

An investigation for the initiation of a chain-growth polymerization, Kumada catalyst-transfer polycondensation, for the synthesis of poly(3-hexylthiophene) is described. A novel method for the generation of an active catalyst/initiator complex was developed utilizing the inexpensive, air stable Ni(PPh3)2Cl2 precursor to generate the active Ni(PPh3)4 catalyst in situ. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) polymerization reactions were carried out using aryl halides with various substituents on the phenyl ring as external initiators, and it was found that the type of the functional group present on the initiator plays a crucial role in the polymerization. The new method provided a more efficient way to initiate polymerization yielding polymers with higher regioregularity, larger molecular weight, and lower polydispersity than the previously reported methods.
Pulse compression with -65 dB sidelobe level for a spaceborne meteorological radar (2002)

With a breadboard activity, funded by ESA, ALCATEL ESPACE associated with four other European companies, demonstrates the feasibility of an all digital generation and compression system, operating in real time and meeting range sidelobes of the compressed pulse lower than -65 dB despite a low pulse bandwidth x pulse duration product. The chosen pulse compression technique consists in a frequency domain processing taking into account distortions due mainly to IF filters and non linear behavior of the HPA by the implementation of an automatic compensation procedure. After a complete description of the processing technique and the breadboard, this paper presents achieved performances in particular in presence of severe non linear distortions, sinusoidal amplitude and phase ripples.
A survey of faceted search (2013)

Faceted Search is an exploratory search mechanism, which provides an iterative way to refine search results by a faceted taxonomy. With the benefit of search results diversification, no need for a priori knowledge, and never leading to zero result, it can significantly reduce information overload. Faceted Search has witnessed a booming interest in the last ten years. In this paper, we first analyze the representative facet search models. Next, we present a general faceted search framework, and survey the related methods and techniques, including facet term extraction, hierarchy construction, compound term generation and facet ranking. Then we discuss the metrics for faceted search evaluation, and also highlight the main characteristics of a number of existing faceted search systems. Some directions for future research are finally presented.
Autonomous Vehicle Obstacle Avoiding and Goal Position Reaching by Behavioral Cloning (2006)

The problem of dynamic path generation for the autonomous vehicle in environments with unmoving obstacles is presented. Generally, the problem is known in the literature as the vehicle motion planning. In this paper the behavioural cloning approach is applied to design the vehicle controller. In behavioural cloning, the system learns from control traces of a human operator. To learn from control traces the machine learning algorithm and neural network algorithms are used. The goal is to find the controller for the autonomous vehicle motion planning in situation with infinite number of obstacles
Characterization of Synthetic Human Granulocyte Chemotactic Protein 2:  Usage of Chemokine Receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 and<i>in Vivo</i>Inflammatory Properties (1997)

Human granulocyte chemotactic protein 2 (GCP-2) has originally been isolated from cytokine-stimulated osteosarcoma cells as a chemokine coproduced in minute amounts together with interleukin 8. Human GCP-2 (75 residues) was synthesized on a 0.25-mmol scale using Fmoc chemistry. After disulfide bridge formation and purification, monomeric GCP-2 was recovered as a 6-kDa protein; the pure synthetic protein showed a molecular mass of 8076 Da as determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). The exact amino acid sequence of synthetic GCP-2 was confirmed by Edman degradation. Synthetic GCP-2 was an equally active (minimal effective concentration of 1-3 nM) chemoattractant for neutrophilic granulocytes as was natural 75-residue GCP-2. At concentrations up to 30 nM, synthetic GCP-2 did not stimulate eosinophil, monocyte, or lymphocyte chemotaxis. GCP-2 induced a dose-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i in neutrophils, 1 nM being the minimal effective concentration. The GCP-2-induced [Ca2+]i increase was completely prevented by pertussis toxin. Prestimulation of neutrophils with equimolar concentrations of purified natural IL-8, GROalpha, GROgamma and ENA-78 abolished the [Ca2+]i increase in response to 1 nM GCP-2. Alternatively, the [Ca2+]i rise induced by these CXC chemokines was inhibited by pretreatment of neutrophils with GCP-2. GCP-2 stimulated [Ca2+]i increases in CXCR1- and CXCR2-transfected cells, demonstrating that GCP-2 binds to both IL-8 receptors. Intradermal injection of synthetic GCP-2 resulted in a dose-dependent neutrophil accumulation and plasma extravasation in rabbit skin. To provoke this skin reaction, GCP-2 (10 pmol/site) was nearly as effective as IL-8, indicating that it is an important complementary mediator of the inflammatory response.
Characterization of Polyubiquitin Chain Structure by Middle-down Mass Spectrometry (2008)

Ubiquitin (Ub) is a 76 amino acid polypeptide that modifies a wide range of proteins in the types of monomer or polymers, and functional consequence of ubiquitination is modulated by the length and topologies of polyUb chains. Whereas polyUb chains are usually analyzed by fully trypsin digestion and mass spectrometry (MS), we present here a middle-down strategy to characterize the structure of polyUb chains by high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS). Under optimized condition, native folded polyUb is partially trypsinized exclusively at the R74 residue, generating a large Ub fragment (1-74 residues termed UbR74) and its ubiquitinated form with a diglycine tag (UbR74-GG). The molar ratio between UbR74 and UbR74-GG reflects the length of homogeneous polyUb chains (i.e., 1:1 for the dimer, 1:2 for the trimer, 1:3 for the tetramer, and so on). Moreover, lysine residues in ubiquitin used for chain linkages are detectable by MS/MS and MS/MS/MS of large GG-tagged Ub fragments. The strategy was validated using a number of ubiquitin polymers, including K48-linked human di-Ub, K63-linked human tetra-Ub, as well as His-tagged polyUb chains purified from yeast under native condition. The potential of this strategy to analyze polyUb chains with mixed linkages (e.g., forked chains) is also discussed. Together, this middle-down MS strategy provides a novel complementary method for studying the length and linkages of complex polyUb chain structures.
Photoconductive ultraviolet sensor using Mg-doped GaN on Si(111) (1995)

This work characterizes a GaN:Mg on silicon ultraviolet photodetector with a cutoff at 3.3 eV and a responsivity of 12 A/W at 4 V bias for optical intensities on the order of 1 W/m2 and below. A weak photovoltaic response is also reported. The photocurrent is nearly linear versus optical intensity for up to 10 W/m2. The responsivity increases nearly linearly with applied voltage up to 8 V, then the increase slows toward saturation. To explain this high responsivity in a direct gap semiconductor, it is hypothesized that holes are captured at either compensated Mg deep acceptor sites or Mg-related trap/recombination centers, resulting in a greatly prolonged electron free-carrier lifetime.
‘A noble devotion to and faith in the regeneration of Italy’ (2000)

She watched the progress of the world with tireless eye and beating heart, and, anxious for the good of the whole world, scorned to take an insular view of any political question. With her a political question was a moral question as well. Mrs Browning belonged to no particular country; the world was inscribed upon the banner under which she fought. …
Electron Microscopic and X-ray Studies of Bainitic Transformation in &beta;-Brass (1971)

The structural change of the quenched β-brass (39.4∼40.5 wt%Zn) during isothermal heat-treatments over the temperature range of 180°∼260°C was investigated by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. It was observed that the crystallographic natures, i.e. the crystal structure, the crystal habit and the orientation-relationship of the transformation products, were the same as those of the martensite previously investigated. In addition to its martensitic nature, this transformation possesses a diffusion-controlled character. This was confirmed by continuous observations of the specimen on heating in an electron microscope. Peak shifts of the X-ray diffraction lines also illustrated the diffusion of zinc atoms from the product to the matrix. It is concluded that the product configurations can be called the bainites which transformed by a mechanism similar to that in the carbon steel.
Hypotensive Activity of Tetrandrine in Rats (1983)

The influence of tetrandrine on arterial pressure and heart rate of pentobarbitone-anaesthetized and conscious normotensive and hypertensive rats (SH rats, renal hypertensive rats, DOCA-salt hypertensive rats) was investigated. Tetrandrine administered intravenously (i.v.) to these animals caused an acute, long-lasting and dose-dependent decrease in mean arterial pressure. Heart rate was not significantly altered. In pithed rats, tetrandrine injected intraarterially 15 min previously impaired the increase in diastolic pressure induced by i.v. B-HT 920, a highly selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor-stimulating agent, in a dose-dependent manner. In a low dose, a parallel displacement to the right was observed, whereas for higher doses the shift was non-parallel. A high dose of tetrandrine shifted the pressor response curve of the alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist, methoxamine, only slightly to the right and did not depress the maximal response. Tetrandrine also caused a moderate rightward shift of the vasopressor effect curve of vasopressin applied i.v. Tetrandrine displayed only minor affinities for specific binding sites in rat brain membranes for [3H]-prazosin (alpha 1-adrenoceptors) and for [3H]-clonidine (alpha 2-adrenoceptors). The results obtained suggest that the hypotensive effect of tetrandrine may be related to an impairment of vasoconstrictor tone mediated by vascular postsynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors.
Latent Bioactive Peptides in Milk Proteins: Proteolytic Activation and Significance in Dairy Processing (2002)

After a brief description of the properties of bioactive peptides, the proteolytic activation of the bioactive sequences from milk protein precursors is discussed. The ability of proteolytic enzymes from various sources, especially from lactic acid bacteria, to release bioactive peptides and the physiological and biotechnological significance of these peptides in dairy products are reviewed.