gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxygen-transfer strategy and its regulation effects in serine alkaline protease production byBacillus licheniformis (2000)

The effects of oxygen transfer on the production and product distribution in serine alkaline protease (SAP) fermentation by Bacillus licheniformis and oxygen-transfer strategy in relation to the physiology of the bacilli were investigated on a defined medium with citric acid as sole carbon source in 3.5-dm(3) batch bioreactor systems. By forming a 3 x 3 matrix with the parameters air-inlet rates of Q(O)/V(R) = 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 vvm, and agitation rates of N = 150, 500, 750 min(-1), the effects of oxygen transfer were investigated at nine different conditions. The concentrations of the product SAP and by-products, i.e., neutral protease, alpha-amylase, amino acids, and organic acids, and SAP activities were determined throughout the bioprocess. Among the constant air-flow and agitation-rate fermentations, Q(O)/V(R) = 0.5 vvm, N = 750 min(-1) oxygen-transfer conditions produced maximum SAP activity that was 500 U cm(-3), at t = 37 h. With the increase in Q(O)/V(R) and/or N, Damköhler number that is the oxygen-transfer limitation decreases; and the process passes from oxygen-transfer limited conditions to biochemical-reaction limited conditions. Further increase in SAP activity, A = 680 U cm(-3) was achieved by applying an oxygen-transfer strategy based on the analysis of the data obtained with the constant oxygen-transfer condition experiments, with a step increase in air-inlet rate, from Q(O)/V(R) = 0.2 to Q(O)/V(R) = 0.5 vvm at N = 750 min(-1) constant agitation rate at t = 24 h. Organic acids and amino acids that were excreted to the fermentation medium varied depending on the oxygen-transfer conditions. With the increase in oxygen-transfer rate acetic acid concentration increased; contrarily, with the decrease in the oxygen-transfer rate the TCA-cycle organic acids alpha-ketoglutaric and succinic acids, and gluconic acid were excreted to the fermentation broth; nevertheless, the application of the oxygen-transfer strategy prevented the increase in acetic acid concentration between t = 35-38 h. Under all the oxygen-transfer conditions, the amino acid having the highest concentration and the amino acid that was not excreted to the fermentation broth were lysine and asparagine, respectively; both of which belong to the aspartic acid-group amino acids. Further, this result indicates the requirement of the genetic regulation directed to the aspartic acid-group enzymes for the progress in SAP production in B. licheniformis.
Endothelialization of Crosslinked Albumin-heparin Gels (1999)

Crosslinked gels of albumin as well as heparinized albumin gels, potential sealants of prosthetic vascular grafts, were studied with regard to in vitro stability, binding of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and cellular interactions. A small percentage of the heparin present in these gels, was released during storage in SDS solution. During storage in cell culture medium at 37 degrees C, heparin release was 21-25 percent. Release of albumin did not occur. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) rapidly adhered and subsequently spread on (heparinized) albumin gels, but proliferation was only observed if heparin was present in the gel. Binding of 125I-bFGF to heparinized albumin gel was 35 percent higher than to non-heparinized albumin gel. Growth of HUVECs occurred only on heparinized albumin gel loaded with bFGF and not on bFGF-loaded albumin gel. The number of platelets deposited under stationary conditions onto heparinized albumin gel was about twice the number found on nonheparinized albumin gel. Seeding of HUVECs on heparinized albumin gel, significantly reduced the number of platelets adhering to this surface. Moreover, no spreading of platelets was observed on substrates seeded with HUVECs. It can be concluded that crosslinked gels of albumin to which heparin is immobilized, are candidate sealants for prosthetic vascular grafts and suitable substrates for endothelial cell seeding.
Integriert optisches Michelson-Interferometer mit Quadraturdemodulation in Glas zur Messung von Verschiebewegen / Integrated optical Michelson-interferometer with quadrature phase demodulation in glass for displacement measuring (1991)

Article Integriert optisches Michelson-Interferometer mit Quadraturdemodulation in Glas zur Messung von Verschiebewegen / Integrated optical Michelson-interferometer with quadrature phase demodulation in glass for displacement measuring was published on December 1, 1991 in the journal tm - Technisches Messen (volume 58, issue JG).
The amination of 3‐bromo‐2‐ethoxy‐1,5‐naphthyridine. A reinvestigation (1980)

Abstract The reaction of 3‐bromo‐2‐ethoxy‐1,5‐naphthyridine with KNH 2 /NH 3 was reinvestigated. The procedure, described in the literature for the preparation of the title compound does not lead to this compound but to the isomeric 3‐bromo‐1‐ethyl‐1,5‐naphthyridin‐2(1 H )‐one. Reaction of this compound with KNH 2 /NH 3 yields 3‐ and 4‐amino‐1‐ethyl‐1,5‐naphthyridin‐2(1 H )‐one, the latter being the main product. The title compound was prepared on reacting 2,3‐dibromo‐1,5‐naphthyridine with sodium ethoxide. A mixture of 3‐ and 4‐amino‐2‐ethoxy‐1,5‐naphthyridine was obtained on amination of 3‐bromo‐2‐ethoxy‐1,5‐naphthyridine. In both cases the intermediacy of the respective 3,4‐didehydro compounds was proposed.
Nuclear Cardiology (1993)

Over the past two decades there has been substantial growth in the applications of nuclear cardiology to both clinical practice and research. The use of nuclear imaging techniques in the noninvasive study of cardiovascular disease is well established. Advances have been made in both radiopharmaceutical agents and instrumentation. In addition, there has been an increasing understanding of the role of nuclear cardiology in the diagnosis and management of cardiac disease1. At its inception, nuclear cardiology focused on issues of diagnostic accuracy and precision in identifying patients with coronary artery disease. In recent years, because of prompt and aggressive risk . . .
Gesture recognition using Microsoft Kinect&#x00AE; (2011)

Gesture recognition is essential for human - machine interaction. In this paper we propose a method to recognize human gestures using a Kinect <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> depth camera. The camera views the subject in the front plane and generates a depth image of the subject in the plane towards the camera. This depth image is then used for background removal, followed by generation of the depth profile of the subject. In addition to this, the difference between subsequent frames gives the motion profile of the subject and is used for recognition of gestures. These allow the efficient use of depth camera to successfully recognize multiple human gestures. The result of a case study involving 8 gestures is shown. The system was trained using a multi class Support Vector Machine.
Transforming growth factor‐beta, basic fibroblast growth factor, and platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB interact to affect proliferation of clonally derived porcine satellite cells (1993)

Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta) stimulated porcine satellite cell proliferation in basal serum-free medium by 25%, but inhibited growth in serum-containing medium by 58%. The effect of TGF-beta on cell proliferation in serum-free medium was examined in combination with the following human recombinant growth factors: platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and epidermal growth factor (EGF). TGF-beta inhibited PDGF-stimulated proliferation, enhanced FGF-stimulated proliferation, and had no effect on proliferation stimulated by IGF-I. The response of satellite cells to EGF and TGF-beta in serum-free medium was not different than TGF-beta alone. TGF-beta depressed proliferation stimulated by the following combinations of two growth factors: PDGF and IGF-I, PDGF and EGF, PDGF and FGF, and IGF-I and EGF. In combination with IGF-I and FGF, TGF-beta did not affect proliferation. TGF-beta inhibited proliferation stimulated by the combination of PDGF, EGF, and IGF-I, but had no effect on proliferation stimulated by combinations of three growth factors that included FGF. FGF stimulated proliferation in Minimum Essential Medium containing 10% porcine serum (MEM-10% PS) by 13% above control. When the combination of TGF-beta and FGF was added to MEM-10% PS, a 78% increase in proliferation was observed. Polyclonal antihuman PDGF-AB (this form neutralizes PDGF-AA, AB, and BB) reduced proliferation in MEM-10% PS by 44%. The combination of TGF-beta and anti-PDGF-AB reduced proliferation by 59%, indicating the effects were not additive. These data indicate that: (1) FGF and TGF-beta interact to increase proliferation of clonally derived porcine satellite cells, and (2) the inhibitory effect of TGF-beta on proliferation of clonally derived porcine satellite cells can be primarily attributed to a reduction in the mitogenic effects of PDGF.
Welcome to the neighbourhood: social contacts between Iraqis and natives in Arnhem, The Netherlands (2009)

Social mixing is viewed as an instrument for social justice because it is used to integrate different categories of inhabitants and improves social conditions in poor urban neighbourhoods. Social mixing as an instrument for integration assumes that some connections between natives and immigrants will be established. This article explores the dynamics of interethnic contact between Iraqis and native residents in a Dutch neighbourhood. It shows how cultural differences between the Iraqis and the Dutch influence the establishment of interethnic contacts. This study presents a more complex view of interethnic contact than is usually portrayed in the current debate on integration. It demonstrates that social mixing requires measures that enable and facilitate interethnic contact.
The Official InstallShield for Windows Installer Developer's Guide (2001)

From the Publisher:
This authoritative guide shows Windows developers how to create and deploy software applications using the Microsoft Windows Installer Service (WIS). Written by InstallShield software installation expert, Bob Baker, the guide provides a complete overview of the Windows Installer Service, guidelines governing its use, and a look into InstallShield Professional for Windows Installer, an industry-standard installation-authoring solution.
Size-Selective Deposition and Sorting of Lyophilic Colloidal Particles on Surfaces of Patterned Wettability (2005)

A highly parallelizable means of positioning or sorting particles in a size-selective manner into arrays is demonstrated based on the placement of particle suspensions on surfaces of patterned wettability and the subsequent evaporation of the suspending solvent. The method relies on creating lyophilic features of dimensions similar to or greater than those of the particles to be arrayed and smaller than those of the particles to be excluded. As the contact line recedes, it fills lyophilic features, creating discrete fluid elements that mimic the underlying lyophilic pattern. The fluid elements have aspect ratios dictated by the contact angle. By adjusting the size of the lyophilic features, the heights of the fluid elements can be adjusted to sequester or exclude particles based on their diameter. The principal interest of this work is its broad applicability. No prior understanding of the particle properties is needed except for the size of the particle and its ability to be suspended in a solvent.
Theory of wavelet transform over finite fields (1999)

We develop the theory of the wavelet transform over Galois fields. To avoid the limitations inherent in the number theoretic Fourier transform over finite fields, our wavelet transform relies on a basis decomposition in the time domain rather than in the frequency domain. First, we characterize the infinite dimensional vector spaces for which an orthonormal basis expansion of any sequence in the space can be obtained using a symmetric bilinear form. Then, by employing a symmetric, non-degenerate, canonical bilinear form we derive the necessary and sufficient condition that basis functions over finite fields must satisfy in order to construct an orthogonal wavelet transform. Finally, we give a design methodology to generate the mother wavelet and scaling function over Galois fields by relating the wavelet transform to a two channel paraunitary filter bank.
Polarization Independent GaAs/AlGaAs Electro-Optic Guided-Wave Directional Coupler Switch Using (111)-Oriented GaAs Substrate (1991)

The interest in guided-wave optical switches made of III-V semiconductor compounds for photonic switching application is growing, because of their large scale integration capability and their ability to be integrated with other semiconductor devices. Therefore, several kinds of optical switch, such as a carrier injection type switch [1] , a gain guide type switch [2] and a directional coupler type switch [3] , have been investigated. Among them, a GaAs/AlGaAs electro-optic directional coupler (EODC) is attractive, because of its low absorption loss at long wavelength region [4] , fast switching speed, low electric power consumption and wavelength independent operation capability. Therefore, a GaAs/AlGaAs EODC is promising as a cross-point element in an integrated matrix switch. Actually, 4×4 GaAs/AlGaAs matrix switches with quite uniform device characteristics have already been realized [5] by the authors. However, all of reported semiconductor directional coupler switches, so far using electro-optic effect, have been polarization sensitive. Polarization independent semiconductor EODCs, compatible with standard single-mode fibers, are desired for practical use. Although some polarization independent LiNbO 3 switches have been recently reported [6],[7] , no attempt to realize polarization independent semiconductor EODC has been made yet.
Analysis of Spatial Patterns of Phase in Neocortical Gamma EEGs in Rabbit (2000)

Arrays of 64 electrodes (8 x 8, 7 x 7 mm) were implanted epidurally on the surface of the visual, auditory or somatosensory cortex of rabbits trained to discriminate conditioned stimuli in the corresponding modality. The 64 electroencephalographic (EEG) traces at all times displayed a high degree of spatial coherence in wave form, averaging >90% of the variance in the largest principal components analysis component. The EEGs were decomposed with the fast Fourier transform (FFT) to give the spatial distributions of amplitude and phase modulation (AM and PM) in segments 128 ms in duration. Spatial (2-dimensional) and temporal (1-dimensional) filters were designed to optimize classification of the spatial AM patterns in the gamma range (20-80 Hz) with respect to discriminative conditioned stimuli. No evidence was found for stimulus-dependent classification of the spatial PM patterns. Instead some spatial PM distributions conformed to the pattern of a cone. The location and sign (maximal lead or lag) of the conic apex varied randomly with each recurrence. The slope of the phase gradient varied in a range corresponding to that of the conduction velocities reported of axons to extend parallel to the cortical surfaces. The durations and times of recurrence of the phase cones corresponded to those of the optimally classified spatial AM patterns. The interpretation is advanced that the phase cones are manifestations of state transitions in the mesoscopic dynamics of sensory cortices by which the intermittent AM patterns are formed. The phase cones show that the gamma EEG spatial coherence is not due to volume conduction from a single deep-lying dipole generator nor to activity at the site of the reference lead on monopolar recording. The random variation of the apical sign shows that gamma AM patterns are self-organized and are not imposed by thalamic pacemakers. The half-power radius of the phase gradient provides a useful measure of the soft boundary condition for the formation and read-out of cooperative cortical domains responsible for binding sensory information into the context of prior experience in the process of perception.
Columbia-UCF TRECVID2010 multimedia event detection: Combining multiple modalities, contextual concepts, and temporal matching (2010)

TRECVID Multimedia Event Detection offers an interesting but very challenging task in detecting highlevel complex events (Figure 1) in user-generated videos. In this paper, we will present an overview and comparative analysis of our results, which achieved top performance among all 45 submissions in TRECVID 2010. Our aim is to answer the following questions. What kind of feature is more effective for multimedia event detection? Are features from different feature modalities (e.g., audio and visual) complementary for event detection? Can we benefit from generic concept detection of background scenes, human actions, and audio concepts? Are sequence matching and event-specific object detectors critical? Our findings indicate that spatial-temporal feature is very effective for event detection, and it's also very complementary to other features such as static SIFT and audio features. As a result, our baseline run combining these three features already achieves very impressive results, with a mean minimal normalized cost (MNC) of 0.586. Incorporating the generic concept detectors using a graph diffusion algorithm provides marginal gains (mean MNC 0.579). Sequence matching with Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) further improves the results (mean MNC 0.565). The event-specific detector ("batter"), however, didn't prove useful from our current re-ranking tests. We conclude that it is important to combine strong complementary features from multiple modalities for multimedia event detection, and cross-frame matching is helpful in coping with temporal order variation. Leveraging contextual concept detectors and foreground activities remains a very attractive direction requiring further research.
Stem Cell and Stem Cell Techniques (2002)

Abstrast:The summary of the essay has two parts: the meaning、classification、characters and functions of stem cell,and the forming、meaning、peration、appliances and others of stem celltechniques.
Lip-Sync Editing and Mixing of Nonperforated Magnetic Tape Using the New Synchrolock Tape System (1977)

From the early years of the sound motion picture, editing and sound mixing have been accomplished by using sprocketed optical film and, later, magnetic film. Nonperforated magnetic tape has been used only for original recording, and this has then been transferred to the sprocketed medium. Now there is a good alternative: a professional system for editing and mixing magnetic tape, which for the first time permits original soundtrack to be matched frame for frame to a sprocketed work track. Using this system, the editor is freed from worrying about the original getting damaged, and he can be assured of the highest quality product at reduced cost. Because the system permits lip-sync cutting to a known footage count, one can edit music scores, sound effects, narration and even occasional dialog to the picture without having to use sprocketed film at all. It is expected that the filmmaker on a budget will now find editing and mixing equipment within his reach.
Bases of Motifs for Generating Repeated Patterns with Wild Cards (2005)

Motif inference represents one of the most important areas of research in computational biology, and one of its oldest ones. Despite this, the problem remains very much open in the sense that no existing definition is fully satisfying, either in formal terms, or in relation to the biological questions that involve finding such motifs. Two main types of motifs have been considered in the literature: matrices (of letter frequency per position in the motif) and patterns. There is no conclusive evidence in favor of either, and recent work has attempted to integrate the two types into a single model. In this paper, we address the formal issue in relation to motifs as patterns. This is essential to get at a better understanding of motifs in general. In particular, we consider a promising idea that was recently proposed, which attempted to avoid the combinatorial explosion in the number of motifs by means of a generator set for the motifs. Instead of exhibiting a complete list of motifs satisfying some input constraints, what is produced is a basis of such motifs from which all the other ones can be generated. We study the computational cost of determining such a basis of repeated motifs with wild cards in a sequence. We give new upper and lower bounds on such a cost, introducing a notion of basis that is provably contained in (and, thus, smaller) than previously defined ones. Our basis can be computed in less time and space, and is still able to generate the same set of motifs. We also prove that the number of motifs in all bases defined so far grows exponentially with the quorum, that is, with the minimal number of times a motif must appear in a sequence, something unnoticed in previous work. We show that there is no hope to efficiently compute such bases unless the quorum is fixed.
LaserPen: a new pointing device for a beam projector (2003)

We propose a new pointing device for a beam projector that we call a LaserPen system. The basic idea is to detect a laser spot on the screen and use its coordinates to control the GUI cursor so that the two may coincide. While this idea can be easily realized by using a camera and a simple image processing technique, the novel part of our implementation is to share the same optical channel among a projector and a camera so that the focusing and alignment of a camera may be done at the same time as a projector is focused and aligned. In a usability test in comparison with other pointing devices, we could confirm that, due to its directness, the LaserPen system have the potential to become a highly favorable pointing device for a beam projector.
<i>IRAV</i> ( <i>FLJ11286</i> ), an Interferon-Stimulated Gene with Antiviral Activity against Dengue Virus, Interacts with MOV10 (2017)

Dengue virus (DENV) is a member of the genus <i>Flavivirus</i> and can cause severe febrile illness. Here, we show that FLJ11286, which we refer to as IRAV, is induced by DENV in an interferon-dependent manner, displays antiviral activity against DENV, and localizes to the DENV replication complex. IRAV is an RNA binding protein and localizes to cytoplasmic processing bodies (P bodies) in uninfected cells, where it interacts with the MOV10 RISC complex RNA helicase, suggesting a role for IRAV in the processing of viral RNA. After DENV infection, IRAV, along with MOV10 and Xrn1, localizes to the DENV replication complex and associates with DENV proteins. Depletion of IRAV or MOV10 results in an increase in viral RNA. These data serve to characterize an interferon-stimulated gene with antiviral activity against DENV, as well as to propose a mechanism of activity involving the processing of viral RNA. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Dengue virus, a member of the family <i>Flaviviridae</i>, can result in a life-threatening illness and has a significant impact on global health. Dengue virus has been shown to be particularly sensitive to the effects of type I interferon; however, little is known about the mechanisms by which interferon-stimulated genes function to inhibit viral replication. A better understanding of the interferon-mediated antiviral response to dengue virus may aid in the development of novel therapeutics. Here, we examine the influence of the interferon-stimulated gene <i>IRAV</i> (<i>FLJ11286</i>) on dengue virus replication. We show that IRAV associates with P bodies in uninfected cells and with the dengue virus replication complex after infection. IRAV also interacts with MOV10, depletion of which is associated with increased viral replication. Our results provide insight into a newly identified antiviral gene, as well as broadening our understanding of the innate immune response to dengue virus infection.