gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A global analysis of following trajectories by redundant manipulators in the presence of obstacles (2002)

A global solution is given for the following problem: Given a continuous trajectory defined in a robotic site containing obstacles, and given a redundant manipulator in the site, is the manipulator's end-effector able to track the trajectory? If yes, find all possible solutions (i.e., all feasible motions of the robot's structure producing a continuous displacement of the end-effector along the trajectory) in order to further optimize the task. If not, find the feasible parts of the trajectory. Instead of considering the pre-image of the trajectory in the robot's jointspace (which would involve handling n-dimensional spaces, where n is the number of degrees-of-freedom of the manipulator), the problem is stated in a (r+1)-dimensional space, where r is the degree of redundancy of the manipulator. Application examples are shown using 3-R planar manipulators.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The effectiveness of intermittent hyperbaric oxygen in relieving drug-induced HIV-associated neuropathy. (1998)

This 3-month study evaluated the effects of hyperbaric oxygen on drug-induced neuropathies in 22 patients with human immunodeficiency virus. All patients included in the study had been taking an antiretroviral medication for at least 12 months and had subjective symptoms of numbness or tingling, lethargy, and a decrease in deep tendon reflex. Patients with an active substance abuse history or Kaposi's sarcoma were excluded. Of the 20 patients who completed the series, 17 had significant improvement, 2 had a demyelinating disorder that may have affected the outcome, and 1 had no change.
Role of the UL25 Gene Product in Packaging DNA into the Herpes Simplex Virus Capsid: Location of UL25 Product in the Capsid and Demonstration that It Binds DNA (2001)

Recent studies have suggested that the herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) UL25 gene product, a minor capsid protein, is required for encapsidation but not cleavage of replicated viral DNA. This study set out to investigate the potential interactions of UL25 protein with other virus proteins and determine what properties it has for playing a role in DNA encapsidation. The UL25 protein is found in 42 +/- 17 copies per B capsid and is present in both pentons and hexons. We introduced green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a fluorescent tag into the N terminus of UL25 protein to identify its location in HSV-1-infected cells and demonstrated the relocation of UL25 protein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus at the late stage of HSV-1 infection. To clarify the cause of this relocation, we analyzed the interactions of UL25 protein with other virus proteins. The UL25 protein associates with VP5 and VP19C of virus capsids, especially of the penton structures, and the association with VP19C causes its relocation into the nucleus. Gel mobility shift analysis shows that UL25 protein has the potential to bind DNA. Moreover, the amino-terminal one-third of the UL25 protein is particularly important in DNA binding and forms a homo-oligomer. In conclusion, the UL25 gene product forms a tight connection with the capsid being linked with VP5 and VP19C, and it may play a role in anchoring the genomic DNA.
Coping with Rising Inequality in Asia: How Effective Are Fiscal Policies? (2013)

This paper discusses the role and effectiveness of redistributive fiscal policies and provides estimates of the effects of taxation and government expenditure on income inequality in Asia. Tax systems around the world tend to be progressive, but government expenditure is generally found to be a more effective tool for redistributing income. In Asia, government spending on social protection has a distinctive differential distributive impact. Social protection spending appears to increase income inequality in Asia, whereas it reduces it in the rest of the world. Government expenditure on housing is also adversely affecting the distribution of income in Asia. Policy options for improving the redistributional effectiveness of fiscal policies in Asia are discussed.
Anonymous Credentials for Privacy-Preserving E-learning (2008)

E-learning systems have made considerable progress within the last few years. Nonetheless, the issue of learner privacy has been practically ignored. Existing E-learning standards offer some provisions for privacy and the security of E-learning systems offers some privacy protection, but remains unsatisfactory on several levels. On the other hand, privacy preserving solutions that are appropriate and used in E-commerce environments are inadequate and unsuitable to the context of E-learning. Indeed, while in most E-commerce applications different transactions between the client and the system are pretty much independent, in E-learning the interactions between the learner and system are intertwined into a developing process that depends heavily on the path the leaner is following. In this paper, we introduce the Anonymous Credentials for E-learning Systems (ACES), a set of protocols to preserve learner’s privacy in E-learning environments. In particular, the ACES allows learners to provide anonymous credentials throughout the learning process, such as when they need to prove that they possess the necessary requirements to register for a course, and/or to prove that they are the legitimate owners of an Anonymous Transcript or an Anonymous Degree. Although the concept of anonymous credentials is not novel, ACES takes into account the specificities of E-learning. Moreover, in order to prevent the misuse of privacy, ACES prevents the possibility of sharing credentials between learners.
Antiemetic Efficacy of High-Dose Metoclopramide: Randomized Trials with Placebo and Prochlorperazine in Patients with Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (1981)

In a study of the effectiveness of high intravenous doses of metoclopramide as an antiemetic, 41 patients with advanced cancer who were being treated with cisplatin were entered into two double-blind trials. In the first trial patients were randomly assigned to receive either metoclopramide or placebo, and in the second trial they received either metoclopramide or prochlorperazine. Patients given metoclopramide had significantly fewer episodes of emesis than patients given placebo (medians, 1.0 vs. 10.5; P = 0.001) or prochlorperazine (medians, 1.5 vs. 12.0; P = 0.005). Metoclopramide was superior to placebo and to prochlorperazine in reducing the volume of emesis (P = 0.001 and P = 0.022, respectively) and was more effective than placebo in shortening the duration of nausea (P = 0.042) and vomiting (P = 0.028). Side effects from metoclopramide were minor, with mild sedation frequently observed; one patient had a brief extrapyramidal reaction. We conclude that metoclopramide in high intravenous doses has greater antiemetic activity than placebo or prochlorperazine in patients receiving cisplatin chemotherapy. (N Engl J Med. 1981; 305:905–9.)
Thermal stability of epitaxial aluminum on In0.53Al0.47As Schottky diodes grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1998)

Current–voltage and capacitance–voltage techniques have been used to characterize the electrical properties of annealed epitaxial aluminum contacts to In0.53Al0.47As grown by molecular beam epitaxy. These as-deposited diodes were found to have electrical characteristics that were dominated by thermionic emission, with an ideality factor of 1.06–1.08 and a barrier height of 0.55–0.56 eV. As the anneal temperature is increased, there is a slight increase in the value of the barrier height, which is believed to be related to an increasing interfacial reaction occurring, promoting the formation of AlAs. For anneals above 400 °C, the electrical characteristics start to degrade rapidly. For comparison, conventionally evaporated Au/InAlAs diodes were also characterized. These diodes had an ideality factor of 1.14–1.18 and a barrier height of 0.63–0.67 eV. Although the electrical characteristics showed little variation in the forward direction, the reverse characteristics exhibited a significant variation between diodes. Upon annealing, the characteristics show variations between diodes, with the characteristics significantly degraded for anneals of 300 °C, showing the poor thermal stability exhibited by conventionally evaporated contacts. The observed characteristics for the epitaxial aluminum contacts to InAlAs, compared with those from conventionally evaporated gold contacts, have implications for the Schottky gate contact in the manufacture of InAlAs–InGaAs high electron mobility transistors.
Overexpression, Purification, and Properties of Escherichia coli Ribonuclease II (1996)

Ribonuclease II (RNase II) is a major exonuclease in Escherichia coli that hydrolyzes single-stranded polyribonucleotides processively in the 3' to 5' direction. To understand the role of RNase II in the decay of messenger RNA, a strain overexpressing the rnb gene was constructed. Induction resulted in a 300-fold increase in RNase II activity in crude extracts prepared from the overexpressing strain compared to that of a non-overexpressing strain. The recombinant polypeptide (Rnb) was purified to apparent homogeneity in a rapid, simple procedure using conventional chromatographic techniques and/or fast protein liquid chromatography to a final specific activity of 4,100 units/mg. Additionally, a truncated Rnb polypeptide was purified, solubilized, and successfully renatured from inclusion bodies. The recombinant Rnb polypeptide was active against both [3H]poly(A) as well as a novel (synthetic partial duplex) RNA substrate. The data show that the Rnb polypeptide can disengage from its substrate upon stalling at a region of secondary structure and reassociate with a new free 3'-end. The stalled substrate formed by the dissociation event cannot compete for the Rnb polypeptide, demonstrating that duplexed RNAs lacking 10 protruding unpaired nucleotides are not substrates for RNase II. In addition, RNA that has been previously trimmed back to a region of secondary structure with purified Rnb polypeptide is not a substrate for polynucleotide phosphorylase-like activity in crude extracts. The implications for mRNA degradation and the proposed role for RNase II as a repressor of degradation are discussed.
Evaluation of a real-time PCR assay for detection and quantification of bacterial DNA directly in blood of preterm neonates with suspected late-onset sepsis (2018)

Multiplex PCR provides a powerful assay to enhance rapid identification of the causative pathogen in late-onset sepsis. BDL measurement may be a useful indicator of severity of infection.
Odors from livestock operations : causes and possible cures (1999)

Complaints about livestock odors have increased as growth in the number of large livestock operations, especially swine operations, increases the concentration of animals in small geographical areas. Many of these large operations store manure for long periods under anaerobic conditions in open manure storages or lagoons. Migration of urban residents seeking the perceived benefits of country living, such as quiet solitude and clean air, has increased the population density surrounding many livestock operations.
High-Throughput Screening of Silver Nanoparticle Stability and Bacterial Inactivation in Aquatic Media: Influence of Specific Ions (2010)

Although silver nanoparticles are being exploited widely in antimicrobial applications, the mechanisms underlying silver nanoparticle antimicrobial properties in environmentally relevant media are not fully understood. The latter point is critical for understanding potential environmental impacts of silver nanoparticles. The aim of this study was to elucidate the influence of inorganic aquatic chemistry on silver nanoparticle stability (aggregation, dissolution, reprecipitation) and bacterial viability. A synthetic "fresh water" matrix was prepared comprising various combinations of cations and anions while maintaining a fixed ionic strength. Aggregation and dissolution of silver nanoparticles was influenced by electrolyte composition; experimentally determined ionic silver concentrations were about half that predicted from a thermodynamic model and about 1000 times lower than the maximum dispersed silver nanoparticle concentration. Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles was much lower than Ag(+) ions when compared on the basis of total mass added; however, the actual concentrations of dissolved silver were the same regardless of how silver was introduced. Bacterial inactivation also depended on bacteria cell type (Gram-positive/negative) as well as the hardness and alkalinity of the suspending media. These simple, but systematic studies--enabled by high-throughput screening--reveal the inherent complexity associated with understanding silver nanoparticle antibacterial efficacy as well as potential environmental impacts of silver nanoparticles.
Facile One-Pot Synthesis of Bifunctional Heterodimers of Nanoparticles:  A Conjugate of Quantum Dot and Magnetic Nanoparticles (2004)

Sequential addition of sulfur and Cd(acac)2 into the colloid solution of FePt nanoparticles ( approximately 2.5 nm) under a reductive environment generates heterodimers of CdS and FePt with sizes of approximately 7 nm. The heterodimers exhibit both superparamagnetism and fluorescence, indicating that the discrete properties of the individual parts of the dimers are preserved. This simple methodology may lead to the production of large quantities of various heterostructures with tailored properties on the nanoscale.
Dehydrative Fragmentation of 5-Hydroxyalkyl-1<i>H</i>-tetrazoles: A Mild Route to Alkylidenecarbenes (2012)

The development of a mild, base-free method for the generation of alkylidenecarbenes is reported. Treatment of 5-hydroxyalkyl-1H-tetrazoles with carbodiimides generates products arising from the 1,2-rearrangement or [1,5]-C-H bond insertion of a putative alkylidenecarbene. Formation of this divalent intermediate is proposed to occur by way of a tetraazafulvene, which undergoes extrusion of 2 mol of dinitrogen. Details of this methodology, its application to the synthesis of combretastatin A-4, and an improved route to 5-hydroxyalkyl-1H-tetrazoles are described.
Using advanced simulation to aid microlithography development (2001)

An early historical overview is first presented here on the use of simulation in optical microlithography, along with a description of the general physical models. This paper then turns to more recent development work in microlithography simulation, which has followed several very different tracts. Three of the most important areas are discussed here. The first involves improvements in the underlying physical models, such as advances beyond the Kirchhoff boundary condition in optical diffraction theory, as well as a deeper understanding into the chemistry and physical behavior of photoresist materials. Such work guides basic understanding both in the optics and photoresist areas. At the other extreme, phenomenological models are being advanced to enable simulation results on large scales to be placed in the hands of device and circuit designers. Finally, optimization of the large number of allowable parameters is a pervasive problem that has received much attention and interest by the engineering community.
Mechanistic and structural investigations of DDG aldolase (2000)

Carbon-Carbon bond formation is an essential reaction in organic chemistry and the use of aldolase enzymes for the stereochemical control of such reactions is an attractive alternative to conventional chemical methods. A type IIB aldolase (utilises pyruvate as a nucleophilic substrate, metal-ion requiring enzyme), 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactarate (DDG) aldolase from Escherichia coli, EC 4.1.2.20, a member of the glucarate and galactarate metabolic pathways where it is responsible for the in vitro cleavage of 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-glucarate to pyruvate and tartronic semialdehyde, was investigated for its application to such processes. This study describes the purification of the enzyme from E. coli NM522 and subsequent cloning into the pT77 RNA polymerase promoter expression system, as well as detailed analyses of both the cleavage and condensation reactions for the aldolase, under a variety of different conditions including buffer type, ionic strength, pH, substrate excess and co-solvents. Investigations into the affinity of DDG aldolase for a wide range of aldehydes have established that the enzyme only forms condensation compounds with configuration R at the new stereogenic centre and shows no selectivity towards the configuration at positions C-2 and C-3 of the substrate. DDG aldolase also displays a greater tolerance to electrophilic substrate type than that currently reported for the type 1 aldolases, notably fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate aldolase. Where applicable, a selection of novel condensation compounds have been purified and characterised and a suitable method of large scale production of said compounds presented. Crystal structures of the recombinant and seleno-methionine isoforms are also presented, establishing that DDG aldolase is a homo-hexamer of subunit molecular weight 27.4 kDa, with the promoter displaying a modified (/)8 barrel fold. Analysis of the DDG aldolase structure and kinetic investigations suggests that the enzyme displays a novel aldolase mechanism.
STEREOSELECTIVE TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF (±)-EREMOFORTIN B, A SESQUITERPENOID MYCOTOXIN OF <i>Penicillium roquefovti</i> (1981)

Abstract The stereoselective total synthesis of (±)-eremofortin B (1), a sesquiterpenoid mycotoxin of Penicillium roqueforti, from 5β,6β-dimethyl-2,7-dioxo-Δ1(10)-octalin (2) is described. Stereochemistry of eremofortin B was confirmed as shown in 1.
COP: a Crosstalk OPtimizer for gridded channel routing (1996)

The interwire spacing in a VLSI chip becomes closer as the VLSI fabrication technology rapidly evolves. Accordingly, it becomes important to consider crosstalk caused by the coupling capacitance between adjacent wires in the layout design for the fast and safe VLSI circuits. The upper bounds of the allowable crosstalk for nets, called crosstalk constraints, are usually given in the design specification. This paper proposes a crosstalk minimization technique based on segment rearrangement for gridded channel routing. The technique repeatedly rearranges horizontal wire segments and/or increase the number of tracks to satisfy the crosstalk constraints. With experiments, we observed that the presented technique is more effective than the track permutation technique.
One-step real-image reflection holograms (2007)

A holographic process is presented where the object is made of the real image produced by a two-mirror system. Single-step reflection hologram recording is achieved. Details of the process are given, optics concepts are outlined and demonstrative results are presented.
Metamaterials in the Terahertz Regime (2009)

Metamaterials are artificial composites that acquire their electromagnetic properties from embedded subwavelength metallic structures. In theory, the effective electromagnetic properties of metamaterials at any frequency can be engineered to take on arbitrary values, including those not appearing in nature. As a result, this new class of materials can dramatically add a degree of freedom to the control of electromagnetic waves. The emergence of metamaterials fortunately coincides with the intense emerging interest in terahertz radiation (T-rays), for which efficient forms of electromagnetic manipulation are sought. Considering the scarcity of naturally existing materials that can control terahertz, metamaterials become ideal substitutes that promise advances in terahertz research. Ultimately, terahertz metamaterials will lead to scientific and technological advantages in a number of areas. This article covers the principles of metamaterials and reviews the latest trends in terahertz metamaterial research from the fabrication and characterization to the implementation.
Mössbauer Spectra of Tin Dithiolates (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMössbauer Spectra of Tin DithiolatesL. M. Epstein and Darel K. StraubCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1965, 4, 11, 1551–1554Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50033a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50033a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views157Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A synchronization mechanism for an object oriented distributed system (2002)

A mechanism for synchronizing shared objects in a distributed system based on persistent, typed objects is presented. Synchronization constraints are expressed as separate control clauses and are factorized for a class of objects. The interference of this mechanism with inheritance and transactions is examined and solutions are proposed. Examples of synchronized objects are provided, and a semaphore-based implementation of the mechanism is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High-speed Temperature Sensing in Microscopic Area. Characteristics of Measured Signals on the Grinding Wheel Surface Temperature. (1994)

A new type of infrared radiation thermometer with optical fiber that has quick response time (3 μs) and microscopically measurable area (φ11O μm) was developed for thermal analysis of the grinding phenomenon. The temperature obtained depended on the heat flow rate during grinding operation and heat of oxidation of removed chips. The measured signal also indicated two parts ; the base part and the impulse part. The former seemed to indicate the average temperature of grinding wheel surface, while the latter seemed to indicate the temperature of chips. The heat energy generated by oxidation was larger than the total amount of energy released by the grinding operation. When the grinding point came above the embedded optical fiber, the measured value indicated only the temperature of grinding wheel surface.