gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SLP-65: A New Signaling Component in B Lymphocytes which Requires Expression of the Antigen Receptor for Phosphorylation (1998)

The B cell antigen receptor (BCR) consists of the membrane-bound immunoglobulin (Ig) molecule as antigen-binding subunit and the Ig-alpha/Ig-beta heterodimer as signaling subunit. BCR signal transduction involves activation of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and phosphorylation of several proteins, only some of which have been identified. The phosphorylation of these proteins can be induced by exposure of B cells either to antigen or to the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor pervanadate/H2O2. One of the earliest substrates in B cells is a 65-kD protein, which we identify here as a B cell adaptor protein. This protein, named SLP-65, is part of a signaling complex involving Grb-2 and Vav and shows homology to SLP-76, a signaling element of the T cell receptor. In pervanadate/H2O2-stimulated cells, SLP-65 becomes phosphorylated only upon expression of the BCR. These data suggest that SLP-65 is part of a BCR transducer complex.
Soluble Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Receptor Inhibits Cancer Cell Growth and Invasion by Direct Urokinase-independent Effects on Cell Signaling (2003)

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is released from human cancers and is readily detected in blood. In animal models, soluble uPAR (SuPAR) antagonizes cancer progression; however, the mechanism by which SuPAR functions in vivo remains unclear. It is generally thought that SuPAR scavenges uPA and prevents its interaction with membrane-anchored uPAR. In this study, we demonstrate a novel molecular mechanism by which SuPAR may inhibit cancer progression. We show that SuPAR has the potential to directly and in a uPA-independent manner block the signaling activity of membrane-anchored uPAR. Whether SuPAR inhibits signaling is cell type-specific, depending on the state of the endogenous uPA-uPAR signaling system. In uPAR-deficient cells that lack endogenous uPAR signaling, including uPAR-/-murine embryonic fibroblasts and human embryonal kidney 293 cells, SuPAR functions as a partial signaling agonist that activates ERK/mitogen-activated protein kinase. By contrast, in cells with potent autocrine uPA-uPAR signaling systems, including MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells and low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts, SuPAR substantially decreases ERK activation. The mechanism probably involves competitive displacement of membrane-anchored uPAR-uPA complex from signaling adaptor proteins. As a result of its effects on cell signaling, SuPAR blocks cell growth and inhibits cellular invasion of Matrigel. Cleavage of SuPAR by proteinases increases its signaling agonist activity and reverses its inhibitory effects on growth and invasion. Thus, proteolytic cleavage represents a molecular switch that neutralizes the anticancer activity of SuPAR.
Changes in Prefrontal Axons May Disrupt the Network in Autism (2010)

Neural communication is disrupted in autism by unknown mechanisms. Here, we examined whether in autism there are changes in axons, which are the conduit for neural communication. We investigated single axons and their ultrastructure in the white matter of postmortem human brain tissue below the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC), which are associated with attention, social interactions, and emotions, and have been consistently implicated in the pathology of autism. Area-specific changes below ACC (area 32) included a decrease in the largest axons that communicate over long distances. In addition, below ACC there was overexpression of the growth-associated protein 43 kDa accompanied by excessive number of thin axons that link neighboring areas. In OFC (area 11), axons had decreased myelin thickness. Axon features below LPFC (area 46) appeared to be unaffected, but the altered white matter composition below ACC and OFC changed the relationships among all prefrontal areas examined, and could indirectly affect LPFC function. These findings provide a mechanism for disconnection of long-distance pathways, excessive connections between neighboring areas, and inefficiency in pathways for emotions, and may help explain why individuals with autism do not adequately shift attention, engage in repetitive behavior, and avoid social interactions. These changes below specific prefrontal areas appear to be linked through a cascade of developmental events affecting axon growth and guidance, and suggest targeting the associated signaling pathways for therapeutic interventions in autism.
The biosynthesis of ergothioneine and histidine by <i>Claviceps purpurea</i>. 1. The incorporation of [2-14C]-acetate (1956)

Research Article| December 01 1956 The biosynthesis of ergothioneine and histidine by Claviceps purpurea. 1. The incorporation of [2-14C]-acetate H. Heath; H. Heath 1Department of Chemical Pathology, University College Hospital Medical School, London, W.C. 1 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Jennifer Wildy Jennifer Wildy 1Department of Chemical Pathology, University College Hospital Medical School, London, W.C. 1 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1956) 64 (4): 612–620. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0640612 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation H. Heath, Jennifer Wildy; The biosynthesis of ergothioneine and histidine by Claviceps purpurea. 1. The incorporation of [2-14C]-acetate. Biochem J 1 December 1956; 64 (4): 612–620. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0640612 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1956 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1956 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Immune Responses in Hookworm Infections (2001)

Hookworms infect perhaps one-fifth of the entire human population, yet little is known about their interaction with our immune system. The two major species are Necator americanus, which is adapted to tropical conditions, and Ancylostoma duodenale, which predominates in more temperate zones. While having many common features, they also differ in several key aspects of their biology. Host immune responses are triggered by larval invasion of the skin, larval migration through the circulation and lungs, and worm establishment in the intestine, where adult worms feed on blood and mucosa while injecting various molecules that facilitate feeding and modulate host protective responses. Despite repeated exposure, protective immunity does not seem to develop in humans, so that infections occur in all age groups (depending on exposure patterns) and tend to be prolonged. Responses to both larval and adult worms have a characteristic T-helper type 2 profile, with activated mast cells in the gut mucosa, elevated levels of circulating immunoglobulin E, and eosinophilia in the peripheral blood and local tissues, features also characteristic of type I hypersensitivity reactions. The longevity of adult hookworms is determined probably more by parasite genetics than by host immunity. However, many of the proteins released by the parasites seem to have immunomodulatory activity, presumably for self-protection. Advances in molecular biotechnology enable the identification and characterization of increasing numbers of these parasite molecules and should enhance our detailed understanding of the protective and pathogenetic mechanisms in hookworm infections.
Peripheral Vascular Imaging and Intervention (1992)

This reference addresses the entire clinical approach to the vascular system from the diagnosis of pathology to surgery or interventional radiological management. All diagnostic imaging modalities currently available are included with specific information on how to interpret various results. It features discussions of the latest therapeutic techniques, including laser angioplasty, intravascular stents, and transluminal embolization.
Thermal stability of Re Schottky contacts to 6H-SiC (2000)

The thermal stability of a 100-nm thick sputter-deposited Re film as contact to 6H-SiC was studied by backscattering spectrometry and by measurements of the forward current-voltage (I-V) characteristic. The initial Schottky barrier height of 0.71 eV and ideality factor of 1.6 change after 2 h of annealing in vacuum at 700/spl deg/C to 1.04 eV and 1.1, respectively. They remain stable after annealing for additional 2 h at that same temperature. The initial change is attributed to a recovery of sputter damage in the SiC. The observed stability of the Schottky barrier is attributed to the thermodynamic stability of Re with SiC, as confirmed by the unchanging backscattering depth profiles. After annealing at 900/spl deg/C, the Schottky barrier becomes unstable although no interaction between the Re film and the SiC substrate is detectable in the depth profiles.
Shotgun Annotation of Histone Modifications:  A New Approach for Streamlined Characterization of Proteins by Top Down Mass Spectrometry (2004)

Eukaryotic histones serve as prototypical examples of posttranslational complexity with diverse modifications (PTMs) on many different residues that comprise a “Histone Code”. To help crack this code more efficiently, we demonstrate a new strategy for protein characterization wherein complete PTM descriptions are obtained by database retrieval instead of manual interpretation of information-rich data from high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). A database of nearly 50 000 modified histone H4 sequences was created and queried with 91 fragment ions from electron capture dissociation of a histone form +112 Da (versus unmodified mass) selectively accumulated in a quadrupole Fourier transform hybrid mass spectrometer. The correct form atop the retrieval list indicated dimethylation at Lys20, acetylation at the N terminus, and acetylation at Lys16 (resolved from trimethylation, Δm = 0.036 Da). A statistical evaluation reveals the critical role of mass accuracy and that PTM “isomers” are retrieved as next-best matches. The applicability of shotgun annotation to forms of H4 with up to six PTMs is demonstrated, with extensibility to other histones (e.g., H2A, H2B, H3) and other protein classes projected.
Efficient online cohort selection method for speaker verification (2004)

Cohort normalization is a method for normalizing the scores in speaker verification in order to reduce undesirable variation arising from acoustically mismatched conditions. A particular form of cohort normalization, unconstrained cohort normalization (UCN) is addressed in this study. The UCN method has been shown to give excellent results but its major drawback is the huge computational load arising from the search of the cohort speakers. In this paper, we propose a fast cohort search algorithm, that quantizes the test vector sequence and uses the quantized data for both impostor and claimant scoring. Results on the NIST-1999 corpus show a speed-up factor of 23:1 compared to full search. Furthermore, the equal error rates are decreased from those of the full search.
Asymmetric multifunctional organocatalytic Michael addition of nitroalkanes to α,β-unsaturated ketones (2008)

Cinchona alkaloid derived primary amine thioureas organocatalyzed Michael addition of nitroalkanes to enones in good yield and up to 98% ee and offered a new way to construct quaternary stereocenters from enones and nitroalkanes.
MEMS-Based Electronically Steerable Antenna Array Fabricated Using PCB Technology (2008)

In this paper, a MEMS-based electronically steerable antenna array (ESA) fabricated using printed circuit processing techniques is reported. A Kapton polyimide film is used as the structural layer for fabricating MEMS varactors. The MEMS varactors have been used in the bistable mode to design loaded- line-type MEMS phase shifters. These MEMS phase shifters have been monolithically integrated with the ESA on a Duroid substrate using printed circuit processing techniques. For proof-of-concept demonstration of the proposed MEMS-based ESA, a 3-bit MEMS phase shifter has been monolithically integrated with a two- element double-folded slot-antenna array on a Duroid substrate. An X-band ESA prototype with a beam steering angle of 20deg at 9.1 GHz is presented.
Mineral Admixtures in Concrete: State of the Art and Trends (1994)

First Name is required invalid characters Last Name is required invalid characters Email Address is required Invalid Email Address Invalid Email Address
Method of Obtaining the Transfer Function of a Two-Phase Servo Motor (1968)

The paper considers the voltage-current relations of a 2-phase machine to be defined by the generalized impedance matrix. A modulation transfer function is derived which allows closed loop system performance to be predicted. An ac model suitable for use in ac servo simulations is presented, and a modified design criterion is propounded for obtaining best transient performance. A comparison of the appropriate transfer functions is made using the stalled torque as a criterion when
Iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least‐squares estimation (IDEAL) of the wrist and finger at 3T: Comparison with chemical shift selective fat suppression images (2012)

IDEAL could compensate for the effects of field inhomogeneities, providing uniform FS of the hand and finger than did the CHESS-T1-SE sequence.
Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor and Retinoic X Receptor in Alcoholic Liver Disease (2009)

A growing number of new studies demonstrate that nuclear receptors are involved in the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Ethanol metabolism and RXR/PPAR functions are tightly interconnected in the liver. Several ethanol metabolizing enzymes are potently regulated by RXR and PPARalpha after alcohol consumption. The increased ethanol metabolism, in turn, leads to alteration of the redox balance of the cells and impairment of RXR/PPAR functions by direct and indirect effects of acetaldehyde, resulting in deranged lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and release of proinflammatory cytokines. The use of animal models played a crucial role in understanding the molecular mechanisms of ALD. In this paper we summarize the reciprocal interactions between ethanol metabolism and RXR/PPAR functions. In conclusion, RXR and PPAR play a central role in the onset and perpetuation of the mechanisms underling all steps of the clinical progression in ALD.
Status of Treatment of Vascular Dementia (1998)

The therapeutic goal in treating vascular dementia has been based on its presumed association with cerebral arteriosclerosis. Therefore, it is necessary to control risk factors for arteriosclerosis. In this connection, application of platelet-aggregating substances has been used extensively. Promising results have also been observed by altering the hemorheologic profile because hemorheologically active substances may be able to ameliorate the course of vascular dementia. Further improvement could be achieved by application of the HELP system to enhance the effect of hemorheologically active drugs. Using the HELP system, LDL, cholesterol, triglycerides and fibrinogen can be lowered considerably and may result in clinical improvement or slowing of the progression of vascular dementia.
Assisted video sequences indexing: motion analysis based on interest points (2003)

This work deals with content-based video indexing. Our viewpoint is semi-automatic analysis of compressed video. We consider the possible applications of motion analysis and moving object detection: assisting moving object indexing, summarising videos, and allowing image and motion queries. We propose an approach based on interest points. As first results, we test and compare the stability of different types of interest point detectors in compressed sequences.
Laboratory Feeding Activity and Bait Preferences of Four Species of Cockroaches (Orthoptera: Blattaria) (1989)

Journal Article Laboratory Feeding Activity and Bait Preferences of Four Species of Cockroaches (Orthoptera: Blattaria) Get access Richard J. Brenner, Richard J. Brenner Insects Affecting Man and Animals Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, Florida 32604 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard S. Patterson Richard S. Patterson Insects Affecting Man and Animals Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, Florida 32604 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 82, Issue 1, 1 February 1989, Pages 159–162, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/82.1.159 Published: 01 February 1989 Article history Received: 10 February 1988 Accepted: 21 June 1988 Published: 01 February 1989
A combined Kalman filter and natural gradient algorithm approach for blind separation of binary distributed sources in time-varying channels (2002)

A combined Kalman filter (KF) and natural gradient algorithm (NGA) approach is proposed to address the problem of blind source separation (BSS) in time-varying environments, in particular for binary distributed signals. In situations where the mixing channel is nonstationary, the performance of the NGA is often poor. Typically, in such cases, an adaptive learning rate is used to help the NGA track the changes in the environment. The Kalman filter, on the other hand, is the optimal, minimum mean square error method for tracking certain non-stationarity. Experimental results are presented, and suggest that the combined approach performs significantly better than NGA in the presence of both continuous and abrupt non-stationarities.
Nanophotonic biosensors for point-of-care COVID-19 diagnostics and coronavirus surveillance (2020)

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the need of novel diagnostic technologies for rapid and accurate virus detection. In the European CONVAT project, a point-of-care nanophotonic biosensor is being developed for the direct, fast and specific identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 from both human patient samples and animal reservoirs. The technology will provide a quantitative detection of the viral load and it can be implemented in decentralized settings to improve the early diagnosis and clinical management of patients as well as coronavirus environmental monitoring to prevent future outbreaks.
Trial of d-alpha-tocopherol in Huntington's disease (1995)

Antioxidant therapy may slow the rate of motor decline early in the course of Huntington's disease.
High-power disk lasers based on dilute nitride heterostructures (2009)

We report the development of InGaAsN-based gain mirrors for high-power optically pumped semiconductor disk lasers with direct emission at wavelengths around 1180 nm. The gain mirrors were fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy. They consist of 10 dilute nitride quantum wells, which were placed within a GaAs micro-cavity on top of a GaAs/AlAs distributed Bragg reflector. We demonstrated laser operation at ∼1180 nm with record high output power (∼7 W). The differential efficiency was ∼30% for operation at 5 °C and ∼28% when operating at 15 °C. The lasers exhibited excellent tuning characteristics, delivering an output power of more than 5 W in a narrow spectrum and providing over 30 nm tuning band. These features represent significant progress towards demonstration of practical high-power lasers with frequency-doubled yellow emission required for laser guide stars, life sciences and spectroscopy. At the same time the results emphasize the importance of dilute nitride heterostructures in the development of novel optoelectronic devices.
An overview of the MPEG-7 description definition language (DDL) (2001)

This paper presents an overview of the MPEG-7 description definition language (DDL). The DDL provides the syntactic rules for creating, combining, extending and refining MPEG-7 descriptors (Ds) and description schemes (DSs). In the interests of interoperability, the W3C's XML Schema language, with the addition of certain MPEG-7-specific extensions, has been chosen as the DDL. This paper describes the background to this decision and using examples, provides an overview of the core XML Schema features used within MPEG-7 and the extensions made in order to satisfy the MPEG-7 DDL requirements.
The role of ultralarge multimers in recombinant human von Willebrand factor – a review of physico-and biochemical studies and findings in in vivo models and in humans with von Willebrand disease (2017)

Ultralarge multimers (ULM) of VWF are considered to be the most active with respect to binding to platelets and to subendothelial structures and therefore are of critical importance for the function of VWF in stabilizing the primary hemostatic plug. In contrast to plasma-derived FVIII-VWF concentrates, human rVWF obtained from mammalian cell culture retains the full-spectrum of intact multimers, including ULM, as physiologically formed in the Golgi apparatus and stored in platelet α-granules and endothelial cell Weibel-Palade bodies. In the course of physico and biochemical, functional and animal studies, rVWF exhibited superiority in structure and function compared to pdVWF. These effects seemed to correlate with the multimer size and therefore might be attributed to the presence of ULM in rVWF preparations. The pharmacokinetic (PK), safety and efficacy characteristics seen in preclinical studies were further demonstrated in clinical trials.
Coh-Metrix: Capturing Linguistic Features of Cohesion (2010)

Abstract This study addresses the need in discourse psychology for computational techniques that analyze text on multiple levels of cohesion and text difficulty. Discourse psychologists often investigate phenomena related to discourse processing using lengthy texts containing multiple paragraphs, as opposed to single word and sentence stimuli. Characterizing such texts in terms of cohesion and coherence is challenging. Some computational tools are available, but they are either fragmented over different databases or they assess single, specific features of text. Coh-Metrix is a computational linguistic tool that measures text cohesion and text difficulty on a range of word, sentence, paragraph, and discourse dimensions. This study investigated the validity of Coh-Metrix as a measure of cohesion in text using stimuli from published discourse psychology studies as a benchmark. Results showed that Coh-Metrix indexes of cohesion (individually and combined) significantly distinguished the high- versus low-cohesion versions of these texts. The results also showed that commonly used readability indexes (e.g., Flesch–Kincaid) inappropriately distinguished between low- and high-cohesion texts. These results provide a validation of Coh-Metrix, thereby paving the way for its use by researchers in cognitive science, discourse processes, and education, as well as for textbook writers, professionals in instructional design, and instructors. Notes aEfficiency refers to performance and reaction time. bSkill refers to reading skill. cCould not be computed because data provided in the article were all correlational. dInference test refers to open-ended inference questions answered while referring to the text. eQuestions are open-ended.
Controlled Trial of Naturalistic Dawn Simulation and Negative Air Ionization for Seasonal Affective Disorder (2006)

Naturalistic dawn simulation and high-density ionization are active antidepressants that do not require the effort of postawakening bright light therapy. They can be considered candidate alternatives to bright light or medication.