gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
4-Mer Hyaluronan Oligosaccharides Stimulate Inflammation Response in Synovial Fibroblasts in Part via TAK-1 and in Part via p38-MAPK (2013)

4-mer hyaluronan (HA) oligosaccharides stimulate pro-inflammatory effects in different cell types by interacting with both the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) and -2 (TLR-2). This interaction induces the activation of the transforming growth factor activated kinase-1 (TAK-1) that activates the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kB) either directly and/or through the activation of p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK). This in turn induces the transcription of proinflammatory mediators that prime inflammation. Our aim was to investigate the involvement of TAK-1 and p38-MAPK in 4-mer HA oligosaccharide-induced inflammatory response in mouse synovial fibroblasts obtained from normal DBA/J1 mice (NSF) and from mice subjected to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Treatment of NSF and rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASF) with 4-mer HA showed a marked up-regulation of TLR-4, TLR-2, TAK-1 and p38-MAPK mRNA expression and of the related proteins, as well as NF-kB activation. High levels were also detected of TNF-α, IL- 1β, MMP-13 and iNOS. Treatment of NSF and RASF, previously stimulated with 4-mer HA oligosaccharides, with TAK- 1 and/or p38-MAPK specific inhibitors significantly reduced all the parameters, although the inhibitory effect of p38- MAPK was less effective than that of TAK-1. The addition of CD44 antibody to both NSF and RASF showed that CD44 was not involved in 4-mer HA-induced inflammation.
Antiproliferative Effects of Interferons -α and -β in Combination with 5-Fluorouracil, Cisplatin, and <i>Cis</i> - and <i>Trans</i> -Retinoic Acid in Three Human Lung Carcinoma Cell Lines (1993)

We assessed the antiproliferative effect of human recombinant interferon -alpha (IFN-alpha) or -beta in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cisplatin, or cis- or trans-retinoic acid on two human nonsmall cell lung carcinoma cell lines (SK-LU-1 and SK-MES-1) and on one human small cell lung carcinoma cell line (NCI-H69). Results were obtained by direct cell count and/or by the clonigenic assay. The three cell lines differed in their sensitivities to the antiproliferative effects of the different agents. However, both NSCLC cell lines were more responsive to IFN-beta than to IFN-alpha. The SK-MES cell line was more resistant to both IFNs than the SK-LU-1. The NCI-H69 cells were resistant to all the drugs tested, except trans-retinoic acid. The dose and time of exposure were found to be important factors in the case of IFNs and cytotoxic agents, with lower surviving fractions obtained with the higher doses and longer exposures. This finding, however, did not hold true for the retinoic acids, which showed no antiproliferative effect. Within the sensitivity of our system, we did not identify any synergistic interaction in any of the cell lines with IFN-alpha or IFN-beta and 5-FU or cisplatin. A slight synergistic interaction was observed with IFN and cis- or trans-retinoic acid in the SK-LU-1 cell line which was not thought to be clinically significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of hydrogen insertion on the optical properties of PD-coated \nmagnesium lanthanides (1998)

Abstract Metallic magnesium lanthanide thin films upon insertion of hydrogen transform to a highly transparent hydride phase. With a Pd overlayer, the transformation can be produced either by electrochemical insertion of hydrogen or by exposing the film to hydrogen gas. Unlike amorphous oxide electrochromics, the transformation is accompanied by a large change in visible reflectance (about 50%). The optical switching effect in these materials is investigated in terms of changes in the complex refractive index as determined by variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometric and normal-incidence radiometric measurements over the solar spectrum. Furthermore the optical effect of converting the Pd cap-layer to Pd–H was determined. It is shown that the Pd layer limits the visible transmittance of the hydrided stack to about 35–40%. Whereas the extinction coefficient of the dehydrided LnMg-layers at 550 nm is between 2.2 and 3.1, it is as low as 10 −4 in the transparent state.
Number, length and end-rounding quality of bristles in manual child and adult toothbrushes (2010)

The variations observed in the number, length and end-rounding quality of the bristles indicate inherent shortcomings of a majority of the tested toothbrushes in plaque removal efficacy, along with the potential for irritation on the gums.
Paclitaxel, carboplatin, and oral etoposide in the treatment of small cell lung cancer. (1996)

Paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) is active in previously untreated patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We evaluated the toxicity and efficacy of a 1-hour infusion of paclitaxel added to a combination regimen of carboplatin and etoposide in a phase II trial for the treatment of patients with SCLC. Thirty-eight patients with previously untreated SCLC were treated with paclitaxel 135 mg/m2 (1-hour intravenous infusion), day 1; carboplatin at area under the concentration-time curve of 5, day 1; and oral etoposide 100 and 50 mg (alternating days), days 1 to 10. Treatment cycles were repeated every 21 days for a total of four courses. Patients with limited-stage disease received radiation therapy (4,500 cGy in 25 fractions) concurrently with the last two courses of chemotherapy. This outpatient combination was easily tolerated. Grade 3 or 4 leukopenia was experienced in only 8% of courses; grades 3 and 4 thrombocytopenia and anemia were also infrequent. Nonhematologic toxicity was uncommon, with the exception of transient esophagitis, which occurred in six of 15 patients (grade 3 in five patients, grade 4 in one) receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Of 35 evaluable patients, 29 (83%) achieved a response to treatment. The complete response rate was 29% (40% in patients with limited-stage disease). Median survival was 7 months for patients with extensive-stage disease and 17 months in limited-stage patients. Prophylactic whole brain irradiation was not used, and seven patients developed brain metastases as their initial site of relapse. The combination of 1-hour paclitaxel, carboplatin, and extended oral schedule etoposide is feasible and well tolerated at the doses administered in this phase II trial. This treatment was highly active and the results are comparable to other standard regimens. Increased doses of both paclitaxel and carboplatin could probably be tolerated and are currently being evaluated. Precise definition of the role of paclitaxel in the treatment of SCLC will require randomized studies.
Compact 12.5 MW, 55 kV solid state modulator (2002)

This paper describes the development of a very compact solid state, actively switched MOSFET modulator system, capable of switching 55 kV at 250 A, with pulse widths up to 6 /spl mu/s, at a duty cycle of 0.1%. The modulator, which measures only 12''/spl times/12''/spl times/40'' (0.3 m/spl times/0.3 m/spl times/1 m), is combined with a specially developed capacitor recharging DC supply and integrated control unit to form a system capable of driving high peak power, pulse magnetrons (up to 5 MW of peak RF output), for radar and linear accelerator applications. The novel mechanical realisation, the design concept and key features of the modulator are discussed. The paper describes the overall system performance in the context of significant potential for the improvement of tube lifetimes and concludes with a brief outline of future enhancements and developments to the modulator.
Die internationale Doppelbesteuerung bei grenzüberschreitender Tätigkeit und die Maßnahmen zu ihrer Vermeidung (1994)

Die besondere steuerliche Brisanz grenzüberschreitender Tätigkeit im allgemeinen und der hier betrachteten Unternehmensbeteiligung im besonderen besteht in der potentiellen Zugriffsmöglichkeit mehrerer staatlicher Abgabenhoheiten. Neben der deutschen kommt die Steuerhoheit des Gesellschafter-Domizilstaats, unter Umständen auch die noch weiterer Länder, zur Geltung. Wichtig ist in diesem Zusammenhang die Betonung der Internationalität möglicher Doppelbesteuerung; durch die Zuständigkeit mehrerer Staaten unterscheidet sich das betrachtete Phänomen von analog dazu denkbaren Binnensachverhalten wie nationale Doppelbesteuerungl. Nationale Doppelbesteuerung ist in Bundesstaaten wie der Schweiz vorstellbar, wo es durch den Zugriff mehrerer Kantone zu Überschneidungen kommen kann2.
CO2 capture by sub-ambient membrane operation (2013)

Air Liquide is developing a cost effective hybrid CO2 capture process based on sub-ambient temperature operation of a hollow fiber membrane in combination with cryogenic distillation. Operation of these commercial Air Liquide membranes at low temperatures provides an unprecedented combination of CO2 permeability and selectivity. Both high membrane module productivity and high selectivity are critical for cost-efficient CO2 capture. High selectivity reduces the energy cost of CO2 capture while high module productivity reduces the capital cost of the membrane system. The proposed hybrid CO2 capture process concept couples the unique high performance membrane with cryogenic processing technology to efficiently capture at least 90% of the CO2 in the flue gas from an air fired power plant. This paper describes a successful long-term (8 month) test of the enhanced CO2 separation capability of the Air Liquide membrane at low temperatures. This demonstration was carried out with commercial scale membrane modules using a synthetic CO2/N2 feed and is an important milestone in development of the cold membrane process. The membrane selectivity and permeance validated through bench scale testing was fed into with process simulation studies coupled with process equipment cost estimates. These results indicate that the cold membrane process concept is promising for CO2 removal from flue gas generated by coal power plants.
Wideband, planar, log-periodic balun (2002)

This paper presents the design and performance characteristics of a new planar balun structure. The design is based on the log-periodic antenna theory. The design guidelines, as well as simulated and measured results are presented. It is shown that the new balun has greater than one octave bandwidth. The log-periodic balun will find applications in wireless communication circuits such as mixers, amplifiers and antennas.
Ethylene polymerisation using solid catalysts based on layered double hydroxides (2015)

We report here the use of methylaluminoxane (MAO) modified aqueous miscible organic solvent treated (AMOST) layered double hydroxide, Mg<sub>6</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>16</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O (AMO-Mg<sub>3</sub>Al-CO<sub>3</sub>) as a catalyst support system for the slurry phase polymerisation of ethylene using immobilised metallocene and non-metallocene metal complexes.
Interpretable Aircraft Engine Diagnostic via Expert Indicator\n Aggregation (2015)

Detecting early signs of failures (anomalies) in complex systems is one of\nthe main goal of preventive maintenance. It allows in particular to avoid\nactual failures by (re)scheduling maintenance operations in a way that\noptimizes maintenance costs. Aircraft engine health monitoring is one\nrepresentative example of a field in which anomaly detection is crucial.\nManufacturers collect large amount of engine related data during flights which\nare used, among other applications, to detect anomalies. This article\nintroduces and studies a generic methodology that allows one to build automatic\nearly signs of anomaly detection in a way that builds upon human expertise and\nthat remains understandable by human operators who make the final maintenance\ndecision. The main idea of the method is to generate a very large number of\nbinary indicators based on parametric anomaly scores designed by experts,\ncomplemented by simple aggregations of those scores. A feature selection method\nis used to keep only the most discriminant indicators which are used as inputs\nof a Naive Bayes classifier. This give an interpretable classifier based on\ninterpretable anomaly detectors whose parameters have been optimized indirectly\nby the selection process. The proposed methodology is evaluated on simulated\ndata designed to reproduce some of the anomaly types observed in real world\nengines.\n
Metabolic relationships of the isolated fractions of the pectic substances of actively growing sycamore cells (1967)

1. d-Glucose and l-arabinose serve as precursors of the pectic polysaccharides of sycamore suspension-callus tissue. 2. The rates and characteristics of the incorporation of radioactive sucrose, glucose and mesoinositol by sycamore callus tissue have been compared and shown to be different. 3. The time-course of the incorporation of radioactive glucose into the major fractions within the cells has been determined. Approx. 7-10% of the radioactivity incorporated is present in the whole pectin of the cells. 4. A study of the continuous incorporation of radioactive glucose showed that the neutral arabinan-galactan fraction of the pectin quickly became saturated with the radioactive label. During the incorporation of radioactivity from a pulse of radioactive glucose the neutral fraction became progressively less labelled, with a corresponding increase in the radioactivity of the weakly acidic pectinic acid, which is known to contain neutral sugars. 5. When the cells were exposed to a pulse of radioactive l-arabinose, the label accumulated first in the neutral fraction and then after 4hr. it passed to the weakly acidic pectinic acid with a corresponding decrease in the radioactivity of the neutral fraction. 6. The product that was initially labelled during the first hour of exposure of the cells in the stationary phase to radioactive glucose was identified as an incompletely methylated galacturonan in which the radioactivity was present in the anhydrogalacturonide residues. This polysaccharide probably acts as the precursor of the polyuronide portions of both the strongly acidic and weakly acidic pectinic acids. 7. The observations are discussed in relation to the structure of the pectic substances and their function in cell growth and development. A tentative model for their metabolic relationship is put forward.
The development of leadership skills in clinical practice. (1996)

Leadership is often seen as the province of the manager. However, as the NHS changes and responsibility is increasingly devolved, practitioners at all levels are expected to lead change and innovation. In this paper the author describes how attending the Leadership in Nursing for the Community (LINC) programme has influenced her practice. As a result of the programme she has an increased awareness of her own leadership role and of the political and professional climate in which she works.
A Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAD52 allele expressing a C-terminal truncation protein: activities and intragenic complementation of missense mutations. (1993)

A nonsense allele of the yeast RAD52 gene, rad52-327, which expresses the N-terminal 65% of the protein was compared to two missense alleles, rad52-1 and rad52-2, and to a deletion allele. While the rad52-1 and the deletion mutants have severe defects in DNA repair, recombination and sporulation, the rad52-327 and rad52-2 mutants retain either partial or complete capabilities in repair and recombination. These two mutants behave similarly in most tests of repair and recombination during mitotic growth. One difference between these two alleles is that a homozygous rad52-2 diploid fails to sporulate, whereas the homozygous rad52-327 diploid sporulates weakly. The low level of sporulation by the rad52-327 diploid is accompanied by a low percentage of spore viability. Among these viable spores the frequency of crossing over for markers along chromosome VII is the same as that found in wild-type spores. rad52-327 complements rad52-2 for repair and sporulation. Weaker intragenic complementation occurs between rad52-327 and rad52-1.
Preparation of Nimodipine Loaded Microspheres: Evaluation of Parameters (2005)

The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize nimodipine loaded microspheres using ethyl cellulose (EC) as a carrier polymer through an emulsion solvent evaporation method. These evaluations characterized the pattern of drug release from prepared microspheres. Nimodipin loaded microspheres were prepared using an emulsification solvent evaporation method. The effect of process variables such as stirring rate, drug polymer ratio in the organic phase, the viscosity of the dispersed phase and the emulsifier concentration, on the morphology of microspheres, particle size distribution, drug content and in vitro release profile of nimodipine were investigated. The prepared microspheres were spherical with smooth surface. The mean diameter of microspheres decreased with increasing the concentration of the emulsifier in the continuous phase and stirring rate of the medium. However, increasing the viscosity of the dispersed organic phase increased the particle size of microspheres. Both the drug and polymer concentration in the organic phase increased the entrapment of nimodipine in ethyl cellulose microspheres. Drug content of the microspheres was lowered by increasing the viscosity of the dispersed phase and increasing the concentration of poly vinyl alcohol. The rate of drug release from microspheres was directly influenced by the drug to polymer ratio, as any increase in this ratio allowed the higher release rates from microspheres. The higher the polymer concentration the lower was the rate of drug release from microspheres.
The difficult choice of treatment for poorly controlled maturity onset diabetes: tablets or insulin? (1984)

Patients with maturity onset diabetes that is poorly controlled on maximal doses of oral hypoglycaemic agents are difficult to treat. A prospective randomised crossover study was performed in 58 predominantly non-obese patients on maximal doses of glibenclamide or metformin, or both, to find out if insulin would improve control or well being. The patients were given daily injections of up to 48 units of highly purified porcine lente insulin. Glycaemic control was improved by 15% or more in only 18 patients; 14 others felt better but their diabetes was no better controlled. Those whose control was improved by insulin could not be distinguished by age, duration of diabetes, body mass index, or their own treatment preference. C peptide concentrations, however, did help predict the response to insulin, the fasting C peptide to glucose ratio being considerably lower in those patients whose control was better on insulin. These findings suggest that a simple insulin regimen does not necessarily lead to better glycaemic control in maturity onset diabetes. Nevertheless, a trial of insulin is often justified since it poses few practical difficulties and makes some patients feel better even if their control is not improved. A more complex regimen might improve control in more cases, but it might also be less acceptable to older patients.
The winged helix/forkhead transcription factor <i>Foxq1</i> regulates differentiation of hair in satin mice (2001)

Satin (sa) homozygous mice have a silky coat with high sheen arising from structurally abnormal medulla cells and defects in differentiation of the hair shaft. We demonstrate that the winged helix/forkhead transcription factor, Foxq1 (Forkhead box, subclass q, member 1) is mutant in sa mice. An intragenic deletion was identified in the radiation-induced satin mutant of the SB/Le inbred strain; a second allele, identified by an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis screen, has a missense mutation in the conserved winged helix DNA-binding domain. Homozygous mutants of the two alleles are indistinguishable. We show that Foxq1 is expressed during embryogenesis and exhibits a tissue-restricted expression pattern in adult tissues. The hair defects appear to be restricted to the inner structures of the hair; consequently, Foxq1 has a unique and distinct function involved in differentiation and development of the hair shaft. Despite an otherwise healthy appearance, satin mice have been reported to exhibit suppressed NK-cell function and alloimmune cytotoxic T-cell function. We show instead that the immune defects are attributable to genetic background differences.
Application of output prediction logic to differential CMOS (2002)

We apply the output prediction logic (OPL) technique to the differential CMOS logic family. Including the effects of process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations, we show that OPL differential CMOS is more than 40% faster than the single-rail OPL-dynamic logic family, and nearly 5 times faster than optimized static CMOS. We also demonstrate an OPL-differential 64:2 compressor that is 37% faster than the OPL-dynamic version. Finally, we show that OPL-differential is nearly twice as fast as differential domino.
Texture Measurement on Materials Containing Platelets Using Stereology (1994)

A method for determining three‐dimensional (3‐D) orientation distributions of platelike grains or inclusions using stereology is described. The method involves relating an orientation distribution of platelet cross‐section normals taken from a plane of polish, with a corresponding orientation distribution of platelet normals in 3‐D. In this investigation, SiC platelet orientation distributions were measured in Al 2 O 3 –SiC, and Cu–SiC composites by both stereological analysis and X‐ray diffraction. The stereological measurements yielded two‐dimensional (2‐D) platelet cross‐section normal orientation distributions, and the X‐ray diffraction measurements yielded 3‐D platelet normal orientation distributions (in the form of pole figures). The calculation described in this paper correlates 2‐D and 3‐D platelet normal distributions. To experimentally substantiate the calculation, a comparison between measured and calculated distributions is presented. Good agreement between calculation and measurement is shown, thereby confirming this analysis as a viable technique for orientation measurements.
Phase Equilibrium at Elevated Pressures in Ternary Systems of Ethylene and Water with Organic Liquids. Salting Out with a Supercritical Gas. (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhase Equilibrium at Elevated Pressures in Ternary Systems of Ethylene and Water with Organic Liquids. Salting Out with a Supercritical Gas.J. C. Elgin and J. J. WeinstockCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1959, 4, 1, 3–12Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60001a001https://doi.org/10.1021/je60001a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views563Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts