gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interpopulation Variation Frequency of Human Inosine 5′-Monophosphate Dehydrogenase Type II ( <i>IMPDH2</i> ) Genetic Polymorphisms (2008)

Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase type II (IMPDH2) is the target for immunosuppression by mycophenolic acid and has been linked to resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy. Determining the frequency of IMPDH2 genetic polymorphisms can inform the design of clinical studies investigating the impact of IMPDH2 genetic variability on both cancer therapy and immunosuppression. Frequencies of three IMPDH2 polymorphisms (rs4974081, rs5848860, and rs11557540) in >400 DNA samples from four different racial/ethnic groups (Caucasian, African American, Hispanic, and Asian populations) were characterized by the pyrosequencing genotyping method. For rs5848860 1591 CTT/- (500 G/EG) and rs11557540 1345 A/G (418 D/G), we did not observe any variant alleles in all DNA samples from these populations, which suggests that these variants could simply be sequencing errors rather than real polymorphisms. The observed frequency of the 5'-upstream single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4974081 A/G was similar to that previously reported in the NCBI databank (dbSNP). An in silico functional analysis using FASTSNP predicts that this promoter SNP rs4974081 (-3624 A/G) could be a potential transcription factor binding site. This finding suggests that rs4974081 could be a good candidate SNP for association studies with immunosuppressive and chemotherapeutic therapy outcomes.
Solving the Generalized Eigenvalue Problem for Rational Toeplitz Matrices (1990)

The generalized eigenvalue problem ${\bf Ax} = \lambda {\bf Bx}$ for Toeplitz matrices generated by a rational function is considered from a computational point of view. Three different functions having the same zeros as the polynomial $p(\lambda ) = \det ({\bf A} - \lambda {\bf B})$ are introduced and fast methods for the evaluation at a point of these functions and their derivatives are presented. Such methods, which can be used for the numerical computation of the eigenvalues as zeros of $p(\lambda )$, generalize some results holding in the particular case of banded Toeplitz matrices.
Association of FcγRII with Low-Density Detergent-Resistant Membranes Is Important for Cross-Linking-Dependent Initiation of the Tyrosine Phosphorylation Pathway and Superoxide Generation (2001)

IgG immune complexes trigger humoral immune responses by cross-linking of FcRs for IgG (FcgammaRs). In the present study, we investigated role of lipid rafts, glycolipid- and cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains, in the FcgammaR-mediated responses. In retinoic acid-differentiated HL-60 cells, cross-linking of FcgammaRs resulted in a marked increase in the tyrosine phosphorylation of FcgammaRIIa, p58(lyn), and p120(c-cbl), which was inhibited by a specific inhibitor of Src family protein tyrosine kinases. After cross-linking, FcgammaRs and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins including p120(c-cbl) were found in the low-density detergent-resistant membrane (DRM) fractions isolated by sucrose-density gradient ultracentrifugation. The association of FcgammaRs as well as p120(c-cbl) with DRMs did not depend on the tyrosine phosphorylation. When endogenous cholesterol was reduced with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin, the cross-linking did not induce the association of FcgammaRs as well as p120(c-cbl) with DRMs. In addition, although the physical association between FcgammaRIIa and p58(lyn) was not impaired, the cross-linking did not induce the tyrosine phosphorylation. In human neutrophils, superoxide generation induced by opsonized zymosan or chemoattractant fMLP was not affected or increased, respectively, after the methyl-beta-cyclodextrin treatment, but the superoxide generation induced by the insoluble immune complex via FcgammaRII was markedly reduced. Accordingly, we conclude that the cross-linking-dependent association of FcgammaRII to lipid rafts is important for the activation of FcgammaRII-associated Src family protein tyrosine kinases to initiate the tyrosine phosphorylation cascade leading to superoxide generation.
Forward Sensitivity Approach to Dynamic Data Assimilation (2010)

The least squares fit of observations with known error covariance to a strong‐constraint dynamical model has been developed through use of the time evolution of sensitivity functions—the derivatives of model output with respect to the elements of control (initial conditions, boundary conditions, and physical/empirical parameters). Model error is assumed to stem from incorrect specification of the control elements. The optimal corrections to control are found through solution to an inverse problem. Duality between this method and the standard 4D‐Var assimilation using adjoint equations has been proved. The paper ends with an illustrative example based on a simplified version of turbulent heat transfer at the sea/air interface.
DESIGN, ANALYSIS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF GEOLOCATION BASED EMOTION DETECTION TECHNIQUE OVER TWITTER DATA (2016)

It has been a topic of utmost importance to researchers that emotions of public has a direct impact on various social science problems such as politics, online business and so on. With emotion analysis, we can bring sensitivity to analytics and stay attuned to the feelings of customers during chat sessions, track social media reactions to a press releases, or gauge the public outlook on financial news. In order to meet these need we create a system for analyzing moods of tweets on any topic trending on twitter.com. We collected 1. 3 10^3 emotional tweets, and then these were annotated for emotion, geographic location. Bayes classifier has been used for analysis.
Respiration and Ripening of Banana Fruit Slices (1969)

Transverse slices of green banana fruit (2-6 mm thick) exhibit after cutting an initial burst of respiration which largely subsides within 2 hr, and a broad peak of "induced" respiration at 15-20 hr. Respiration subsequently declines and within 4 days stabilizes at a rate two to three and a half times that of matched, intact fruits. Ripening of the slices occurs naturally within 4 weeks after cutting; it may also be induced at any time by treating with ethylene. In all attributes studied (sensitivity to ethylene, respiratory climacteric, respiratory quotient, peel colour changes, starch to sugar conversion, softening, and aroma development), the slices are comparable to whole fruit. Inhibitors or metabolites may be introduced into the slices by vacuum infiltration. The slices provide a suitable model system for studying the biochemistry of fruit ripening at the tissue level.
Early Detection and Rapid Isolation of Leukemia-Reactive Donor T Cells for Adoptive Transfer Using the IFN-γ Secretion Assay (2007)

We here show a new robust procedure for the generation and isolation of leukemia-reactive T cells for adoptive transfer.
Quantification of tissue plasma volume in the rat by contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (1993)

Magnetic resonance imaging enhanced with a macromolecular contrast medium (MMCM), albumin-Gd-DTPA, was used to estimate the plasma volume in vivo in the myocardium, lung, liver, and skeletal muscle of 10 normal rats. The plasma volumes of the same tissues in a parallel group of six rats were estimated in vitro by a conventional radioisotopic technique (111In-transferrin). Plasma volumes of myocardium, lung, liver, and skeletal muscle estimated by the MR technique (microliter plasma cc-1 of tissue) were 101, 109, 163, and 11.0, respectively, while plasma volumes measured by the 111In-transferrin radioisotope technique (mg plasma g-1 of tissue) were 78.6, 215, 143, and 11.2, respectively. Assuming a ratio of densities of aerated lung to blood of 0.45 and of other tissues to blood of 1.0, correlation between the methods was excellent (R2 = 0.99) indicating that MR imaging enhanced with MMCM permits reliable in vivo estimation of tissue plasma volume in the rat.
Synthesis of progesterone in Schwann cells: regulation by sensory neurons (2001)

In peripheral nerves, progesterone synthesized by Schwann cells has been implicated in myelination. In spite of such an important function, little is known of the regulation of progesterone biosynthesis in the nervous system. We show here that in rat Schwann cells, expression of the 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and formation of progesterone are dependent on neuronal signal. Levels of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mRNA and synthesis of [3H]progesterone from [3H]pregnenolone were low in purified Schwann cells prepared from neonatal rat sciatic nerves. However, when Schwann cells were cultured in contact with sensory neurons, both expression and activity of the 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase were induced. Regulation of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase expression by neurons was also demonstrated in vivo in the rat sciatic nerve. 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mRNA was present in the intact nerve, but could no longer be detected 3 or 6 days after cryolesion, when axons had degenerated. After 15 days, when Schwann cells made new contact with the regenerating axons, the enzyme was re-expressed. After nerve transection, which does not allow axonal regeneration, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mRNA remained undetectable. The regulation of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mRNA after lesion was similar to the regulation of myelin protein zero (P0) and peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) mRNAs, supporting an important role of locally formed progesterone in myelination.
<i>The</i>SLC 96<i>Subscriber Loop Carrier System</i>: Channel Bank (1984)

The SLC® 96 carrier system has been developed to bring digital capability to the local loop network, and ultimately it may be a component of a completely integrated digital network. It uses two unique channel banks: one located in the central office to interface to the local switching machine, and the other located remotely in the vicinity of a group of subscribers. The SLC 96 carrier can provide, through the use of different channel units, message telephone service, coin service, special services, and data services. For digital transmission, it interfaces to standard Tl lines or optical fibers. The design is patterned after the D4 channel bank, and many of D4 carrier's channel units can be used in the SLC 96 carrier system. The resultant system has the versatility to serve both rapidly growing metropolitan, as well as rural, areas. Features that provide highly reliable service and easy maintenance have been included in the design of the system.
Lithium neuroprotection: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications (2004)

Lithium has emerged as a neuroprotective agent efficacious in preventing apoptosis-dependent cellular death. Lithium neuroprotection is provided through multiple, intersecting mechanisms, although how lithium interacts with these mechanisms is still under investigation. Lithium increases cell survival by inducing brain-derived neurotrophic factor and thereby stimulating activity in anti-apoptotic pathways, including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. In addition, lithium reduces pro-apoptotic function by directly and indirectly inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3beta activity and indirectly inhibiting N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor-mediated calcium influx. Lithium-induced regulation of anti- and pro-apoptotic pathways alters a wide variety of downstream effectors, including beta-catenin, heat shock factor 1, activator protein 1, cAMP-response-element-binding protein, and the Bcl-2 protein family. Lithium neuroprotection has a wide variety of clinical implications. Beyond its present use in bipolar mood disorder, lithium's neuroprotective abilities imply that it could be used to treat or prevent brain damage following traumatic injury, such as stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's and Alzheimer's diseases.
[Sc<sub>2</sub>(μ-OH)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>](NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>: Aqueous Synthesis and Characterization (2013)

[Sc(2)(μ-OH)(2)(H(2)O)(6)(NO(3))(2)](NO(3))(2) has been synthesized from an aqueous scandium nitrate solution by using zinc powder as a reducing agent for nitric acid, which drives an increase in pH and forces the condensation of aqua scandium cations. This preparative route readily produces gram-scale samples with yields near 65%. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study reveals a structure characterized by a hydroxo-bridged Sc dimer. The FTIR spectrum of the compound has been modeled via ab initio computations, allowing the identification of signature IR peaks. Some initial observations on the thermal transformation of the compound to Sc(2)O(3) are also reported.
Roles of keratinocyte inflammation in oral cancer: regulating the prostaglandin E2, interleukin-6 and TNF-  production of oral epithelial cells by areca nut extract and arecoline (2003)

Betel quid (BQ) chewing is an etiologic factor of oral cancer and submucus fibrosis (OSF). Keratinocyte inflammation is crucial for the pathogenesis of cancer and tissue fibrosis. We found that areca nut (AN) extract (100-400 micro g/ml) induced PGE2 production by KB cells by 2.34- to 23.1-fold and also TNF-alpha production by gingival keratinocytes (GK). Arecoline (0.2-1.2 mM) elevated PGE2 production by KB cells by 2.5- to 6.1-fold. AN extract (200-400 micro g/ml) also induced IL-6 production by GK (7.5- to 8.4-fold) and KB cells. In contrast, arecoline (0.1-1.2 mM) suppressed IL-6 production by GK and KB cells, with 42-81 and 41-63% inhibition, respectively. A 48 h exposure of GK to 800-1200 micro g/ml AN extract led to 37-69% cell death. Arecoline cytotoxicity to GK was noted at concentrations of 0.8-1.2 mM, which led to 28-38% cell death. AN extract (400-800 micro g/ml) induced Cox-2 and IL-6 mRNA expression and also COX-2 protein production by KB cells. IL-6 (5-100 ng/ml) suppressed GK growth by 20-33%, but enhanced oral fibroblast (OMF) and KB cell growth. PGE2 (0.05-5 micro g/ml) and anti-IL-6 antibody (ab) (50-1000 ng/ml) showed little effect on GK and KB cell growth. Incubation of GK and KB cells with aspirin, anti-IL-6 ab and anti-TNF-alpha ab showed little effect on arecoline- and AN-induced cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Exposure to anti-TNF-alpha ab slightly affected arecoline- and AN-modulated PGE2 and IL-6 production by GK and KB cells. Arecoline- and AN-conditioned medium decreased phytohemagglutinin-mediated CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. These results indicate that BQ chewing contributes to the pathogenesis of cancer and OSF by impairing T cell activation and by induction of PGE2, TNF-alpha and IL-6 production, which affect oral mucosal inflammation and growth of OMF and oral epithelial cells.
Cell Growth Inhibition and Functioning of Human Somatostatin Receptor Type 2 Are Modulated by Receptor Heterodimerization (2008)

Somatostatin (SST) analogs have been successfully used in the medical treatment of acromegaly, caused by GH hypersecreting pituitary adenomas. Patients on SST analogs rarely develop tachyphylaxis despite years of continuous administration. It has been recently proposed that a functional association between SST receptor (SSTR) subtypes 2 and 5 exists to account for this behavior; however, a physical interaction has yet to be identified. Using both coimmunoprecipitation and photobleaching fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscopy techniques, we determined that SSTR2 and SSTR5 heterodimerize. Surprisingly, selective activation of SSTR2 and not SSTR5, or their costimulation, modulates the association. The SSTR2-selective agonist L-779,976 is more efficacious at inhibiting adenylate cyclase, activating ERK1/2, and inducing the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(Kip1) in cells expressing both SSTR2 and SSTR5 compared with SSTR2 alone. Furthermore, cell growth inhibition by L-779,976 treatment was markedly extended in coexpressing cells. Trafficking of SSTR2 is also affected upon heterodimerization, an attribute corresponding to modifications in beta-arrestin association kinetics. Activation of SSTR2 results in the recruitment and stable association of beta-arrestin, followed by receptor internalization and intracellular receptor pooling. In contrast, heterodimerization increases the recycling rate of internalized SSTR2 by destabilizing its interaction with beta-arrestin. Given that SST analogs show preferential binding to SSTR2, these data provide a mechanism for their effectiveness in controlling pituitary tumors and the absence of tolerance seen in patients undergoing long-term administration.
Fuzzy supervision in statistical process control (2002)

Concerns the design of a DSS to improve the efficiency of fuzzy supervision of SPC. SPC is widely used in industry to control manufacturing processes, and therefore to control product quality. Using control charts, two statistical parameters (mean and standard deviation) are regularly checked to maintain the process under control and to improve its performance. However, the theoretical and practical limitations of SPC have led us to propose a fuzzy-rule-based supervision system. Actually, this system models the scheme of analysis, diagnosis and decision of an expert who controls a process by means of control charts. It is divided into three modules and at present time, delivers two gradual visual alarms. The first alarm, characterizing the current centering of the process, is given by the first supervisor. The objective of the second supervisor is to alert the operator of potentially abnormal variations of the process. A third one decides whether it is necessary to recalculate upper and lower control limits when it detects a new stability state of the process; it then delivers these parameters to the other supervisors. This system has been tested in simulation with real data and seems to induce better control compared to classic charts. Indeed, the fuzzy supervisor makes it possible to have a good anticipation of the process's behavior and therefore helps the operator take decisions more easily.
Botánica para arquitectos del siglo XXI (2013)

El articulo reflexiona en torno a la capacidad y lacompetencia de los arquitectos formados en Colombiapara arborizar sus propios proyectos; la formaen que los arquitectos representas los arboles (sinnombre); el desconocimiento —por formacion— delas especies usadas en la arborizacion urbana y suscaracteristicas botanicas; y los efectos economicosde las arborizaciones no planificadas. Se incluyenalgunas de las especies introducidas que han sidoreportadas por causar danos severos a las estructurasfisicas de ciudades y municipios en Colombia.Como conclusion, se sugiere a las Facultades deArquitectura que revisen sus programas, e incluyanel estudio —botanico— de los arboles urbanos, susnombres y sus caracteristicas, para que sus egresadoscuenten con bases academicas en el momento deseleccionar y plantar arboles en las ciudades.
Simulated Annealing Based Influence Maximization in Social Networks (2011)

The problem of influence maximization, i.e., mining top-k influential nodes from a social network such that the spread of influence in the network is maximized, is NP-hard. Most of the existing algorithms for the prob- lem are based on greedy algorithm. Although greedy algorithm can achieve a good approximation, it is computational expensive. In this paper, we propose a totally different approach based on Simulated Annealing(SA) for the influence maximization problem. This is the first SA based algorithm for the problem. Additionally, we propose two heuristic methods to accelerate the con- vergence process of SA, and a new method of comput- ing influence to speed up the proposed algorithm. Experimental results on four real networks show that the proposed algorithms run faster than the state-of-the-art greedy algorithm by 2-3 orders of magnitude while being able to improve the accuracy of greedy algorithm.
Diagnostic aspects of narcolepsy (1998)

The diagnostic criteria for narcolepsy continue to evolve as more is learned about the features of this and other sleep disorders. A variety of symptoms have been said to distinguish narcolepsy from other sleep disorders, including cataplexy, character of daytime sleepiness, sleep paralysis, hypnagogic hallucinations, and automatic behavior. Other diagnostic assessments, such as determination of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype and findings of sleep laboratory assessments, also contribute to the differential diagnosis. As diagnostic and analytic techniques have become more sophisticated, however, it has become apparent that many of the characteristic features of narcolepsy--including the HLA-DR2 haplotype, sleep-onset REM sleep, and short sleep latency--may also be present in other sleep disorders. Although unambiguous cataplexy does not occur with other sleep disorders and is therefore a valuable symptom for diagnosis, it may occur with a few other neurologic disorders. Furthermore, the clinical assessment of cataplexy-like symptoms is not always straightforward. Current evidence suggests there is a fairly well-defined syndrome of narcolepsy-cataplexy that is highly associated with specific HLA markers and REM sleep abnormalities. On the other hand, there is substantial clinical overlap between narcolepsy without cataplexy and idiopathic hypersomnia. Patients with features of narcolepsy who do not have definite cataplexy and patients with features of idiopathic hypersomnia must be assessed thoroughly because of the possibility that other sleep disorders are the cause of the symptoms.
La movilización identitaria y el recurso a la memoria (Nariño, Pacífico colombiano) (2000)

Las nuevas condiciones de acceso y control de tierras y territorios en el Pacífico colombiano suscitan procesos de redefinición identitaria en los que grupos - e individuos negros, blancos, indios y mestizos tienen que situarse, frente al otro y frente a sí mismo, en una gama identitaria impuesta y unívoca. El llamado a una memoria colectiva, muchas veces referida en el territorio, es herramienta privilegiada para reconstruir la tradición y legitimar adhesiones o exclusiones, en un proceso en el que estrategias e intereses de la población rural y de los líderes se cruzan para dar paso a situaciones originales y portadoras, aveces de innovaciones, aveces de cerrazón conceptual.
A Hydrogel-Based Hybrid Theranostic Contact Lens for Fungal Keratitis (2016)

Fungal keratitis, a severe ocular disease, is one of the leading causes of ocular morbidity and blindness, yet it is often neglected, especially in developing countries. Therapeutic efficacy of traditional treatment such as eye drops is very limited due to poor bioavailability, whereas intraocular injection might cause serious side effects. Herein, we designed and fabricated a hybrid hydrogel-based contact lens which comprises quaternized chitosan (HTCC), silver nanoparticles, and graphene oxide (GO) with a combination of antibacterial and antifungal functions. The hydrogel is cross-linked through electrostatic interactions between GO and HTCC, resulting in strong mechanical properties. Voriconazole (Vor), an antifungal drug, can be loaded onto GO which retains the drug and promotes its sustained release from the hydrogel-based contact lenses. The contact lenses also exhibited good antimicrobial functions in view of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride and silver nanoparticles. The results from in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that contact lenses loaded with Vor have excellent efficacy in antifungal activity in vitro and could significantly enhance the therapeutic effects on a fungus-infected mouse model. The results indicate that this hydrogel contact lenses-based drug delivery system might be a promising therapeutic approach for a rapid and effective treatment of fungal keratitis.