gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Non-enzymic glycation of fibrous collagen: reaction products of glucose and ribose (1995)

Non-enzymic glycation of collagen involves a series of complex reactions ultimately leading to the formation of intermolecular cross-links resulting in changes in its physical properties. During analysis for the fluorescent cross-link pentosidine we identified the presence of an additional component (Cmpd K) in both glucose and ribose incubations. Cmpd K was formed more quickly than pentosidine in glucose incubations and more slowly than pentosidine in ribose incubations. Cmpd K represented 45% of the total fluorescence compared with 15% for pentosidine in glucose incubations and 25% of the total fluorescence compared with 30% for pentosidine in the ribose incubations. Cmpd K is not an artefact of in vitro incubations, as it was shown to be present in dermal tissue from diabetic patients. Subsequent high-resolution h.p.l.c. analysis of glucose-incubated collagen revealed Cmpd K comprise two components (K1 and K2). Further, a similar analysis of Cmpd K from the ribose incubations revealed two different components (K3 and K4). These differences indicate alternative mechanisms for the reactions of glucose and ribose with collagen. The amounts of these fluorescent components and the pentosidine cross-link determined for both glucose and ribose glycation were found to be far too low (about one pentosidine molecules per 200 collagen molecules after 6 months incubation with glucose) to account for the extensive cross-linking responsible for the changes in physical properties, suggesting that a further additional series of cross-links are formed. We have analysed the non-fluorescent high-molecular-mass components and identified a new component that increases with time of in vitro incubation and is present in the skin of diabetic patients. This component is present in sufficient quantities (estimated at one cross-link per two collagen molecules) to account for the changes in physical properties occurring in vitro.
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN PASSING BAWAH MELALUI METODE TUTOR SEBAYA DALAM PERMAINAN BOLA VOLI PADA SISWA KELAS VII SMPN 2 LAGE (2015)

ABSTRAK

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan passing bawah melalui metode tutor sebaya dalam permainan bola voli pada siswa kelas VII SMPN 2 Lage. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. untuk meningkatkan keterampilan passing bawah melalui metode tutor sebaya dalam permainan bola voli pada siswa kelas VII SMPN 2 Lage. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus, dimana masing masing siklus terdiri atas empat komponen, yaitu (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan tindakan, (3) observasi dan (4) refleksi. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa data kualitatif yang diperoleh dari hasil observasi kegiatan guru dan kegiatan siswa pada siklus I dan siklus II, serta data kuantitatif yang diperoleh dari hasil tes baik pada tes awal, siklus I dan siklus II. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 70% pada siklus I menjadi 90% pada siklus II dan telah melebihi indikator yang ditentukan yakni sebesar 80%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah melalui metode tutor sebaya dapat meningkatkan keterampilan passing bawah dalam permainan bola voli pada siswa kelas VII SMPN 2 Lage. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dapat disarankan bagi para guru Penjasorkes, dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran seorang guru harus mengaktifkan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran sehingga mereka terlibat langsung dalam penanaman konsep dari yang nyata ke yang abstrak. 

Kata Kunci: Keterampilan, Passing Bawah, Bola Voli, Tutor Sebaya
Empirical Research on Systems Thinking and Practice in the Engineering Enterprise (2008)

The paper discusses recent and ongoing research on engineering systems thinking and practices within the Engineering Systems Division at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. . The research seeks to impact the effectiveness of systems engineering in modern enterprises through development of new empirical-based knowledge related to systems thinking and practice in engineering. The paper will discuss research progress and outcomes to date as they apply to improving the effectiveness of systems engineering practice and competency development in industry, government and academia. The research involves highly collaborative engagement, use of grounded theory methods, and both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The challenges and lessons learned in performing research of this nature and applying non-traditional methods in systems engineering research are discussed.
Methotrexate pharmacokinetics following administration of recombinant carboxypeptidase-G2 in rhesus monkeys. (1992)

CPDG2 is capable of rapidly decreasing plasma MTX concentrations to nontoxic levels. The administration of CPDG2 seems safe, well tolerated, and it may be useful as an alternative to LV rescue.
Potential Anticancer Agents.<sup>1</sup> VII. Synthesis and Ammonolysis of Methyl 2,3-Anhydro-D-ribofuranoside (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotential Anticancer Agents.1 VII. Synthesis and Ammonolysis of Methyl 2,3-Anhydro-D-ribofuranosideCharles D. Anderson, Leon Goodman, and B. R. BakerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 19, 5247–5252Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01552a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01552a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views182Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Combined pharmacotherapy and psychological treatment for depression: a systematic review. (2004)

Psychological treatment combined with antidepressant therapy is associated with a higher improvement rate than drug treatment alone. In longer therapies, the addition of psychotherapy helps to keep patients in treatment. Further studies are needed to investigate whether the improvement in response attributable to the combination of drug treatment and psychotherapy can be achieved by a combination of pharmacotherapy and a compliance-enhancing intervention.
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of penicillin-derived HIV proteinase inhibitors containing a stereochemically unique peptide isostere (1993)

A series of HIV-1 proteinase inhibitors was synthesized based upon a single penicillin derived thiazolidine moiety. Reaction of the C-4 carboxyl group with (R)-phenylalaninol gave amide 10 which was a moderately potent inhibitor of HIV-1 proteinase (IC50 = 0.15 microM). Further modifications based on molecular modeling studies led to compound 48 which contained a stereochemically unique statine-based isostere. This was a potent competitive inhibitor (Ki = 0.25 nM) with antiviral activity against HIV-1 in vitro (5 microM). Neither modification to the benzyl group in an attempt to improve interaction with the S2' pocket, nor introduction of a hydrogen bond donating group to interact with residue Gly48' resulted in improved inhibitory or antiviral activity.
Response of alfalfa to inoculation with <i>Penicillium bilaii</i> (Provide) (1998)

Yield and phosphorus (P) uptake response of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) to inoculation with Penicillium bilaii (Provide) at varying rates of P fertilizer, was determined in small- and large-plot experiments located in the Dark Brown, Black or Gray soil climatic zones of Saskatchewan and Alberta from 1994 to 1996. Soil at the sites contained low to medium levels of available P. In the establishment year of the small-plot experiments, inoculation of alfalfa with P. bilaii increased yields and P uptake by 3 to 18%, when averaged across P fertilizer rates. The largest response to inoculation occurred early in the growing season. In the year following establishment, yield and P uptake of inoculated alfalfa averaged 3% greater than uninoculated plants. In the establishment year of the large-plot experiment in 1994 and 1995, yields and P uptake of inoculated alfalfa at 10% bloom were 7 and 26% greater than uninoculated plants, when grown without and with a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) companion crop, respectively. Unlike the small-plot experiment, alfalfa in the year following establishment did not respond to inoculation performed the previous year. The P credit (P fertilizer replacement value) of P. bilaii inoculation, based on yield response in the establishment year and in the year following establishment, averaged 4.6 kg P ha −1 in the small-plot experiments and 5.3 kg P ha −1 in the large-plot experiments. Tillage cropping practices that conserve water near the soil surface, and inclusion of a companion crop, may increase the probability of alfalfa response to P. bilaii inoculation as well as the efficacy of that response. Key words: Medicago sativa, Penicillium bilaii, Rhizobium meliloti, Triticum aestivum, phosphorus
Towards cancer cell-specific phototoxic organometallic rhenium(<scp>i</scp>) complexes (2013)

Over the recent years, several Re(I) organometallic compounds have been shown to be toxic to various cancer cell lines. However, these compounds lacked sufficient selectivity towards cancer tissues to be used as novel chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, we probe the potential of two known N,N-bis(quinolinoyl) Re(I) tricarbonyl complex derivatives, namely Re(I) tricarbonyl [N,N-bis(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)amino]-4-butane-1-amine (Re-NH₂) and Re(I) tricarbonyl [N,N-bis(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)amino]-5-valeric acid (Re-COOH), as photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizers. Re-NH₂ and Re-COOH proved to be excellent singlet oxygen generators in a lipophilic environment with quantum yields of about 75%. Furthermore, we envisaged to improve the selectivity of Re-COOH via conjugation to two types of peptides, namely a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and a derivative of the neuropeptide bombesin, to form Re-NLS and Re-Bombesin, respectively. Fluorescent microscopy on cervical cancer cells (HeLa) showed that the conjugation of Re-COOH to NLS significantly enhanced the compound's accumulation into the cell nucleus and more specifically into its nucleoli. Importantly, in view of PDT applications, the cytotoxicity of the Re complexes and their bioconjugates increased significantly upon light irradiation. In particular, Re-Bombesin was found to be at least 20-fold more toxic after light irradiation. DNA photo-cleavage studies demonstrated that all compounds damaged DNA via singlet oxygen and, to a minor extent, superoxide production.
Effect of the administration of an oral hyaluronan formulation on clinical and biochemical parameters in young horses with osteochondrosis (2009)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and biochemical effects of the administration of oral hyaluronan (Hyal-Joint [HJ]) on young horses with osteochondrosis (OC). Our hypotheses were that HJ administration is safe, would decrease the degree of synovial effusion and the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in synovial fluid, and would increase the concentration of hyaluronic acid (HA) in plasma and synovial fluid. Eleven young horses with tarsocrural OC were included in a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial. Six horses received 250 mg/day HJ for 60 days (T60) and five horses received a placebo. The initial values of the degree of synovial effusion, NO, PGE2 and HA concentrations in synovial fluid and HA concentration in plasma were obtained. The horses were evaluated in terms of the same parameters at the end of treatment (T60) and 30 days thereafter (T90). The differences between the groups for each of the parameters evaluated at T0, T60 and T90 were not significant. Nevertheless, the horses treated with HJ tended to show a lower score for synovial effusion as well as higher HA, NO and PGE2 concentrations in synovial fluid, but these differences were non-significant. At a dose of 250 mg/day, HJ did not produce any adverse clinical effects and was well tolerated by the horses.
Variability of Molecular Descriptors in Compound Databases Revealed by Shannon Entropy Calculations (2000)

A method is introduced to calculate and compare the variability of molecular descriptors in compound databases. Descriptor variability analysis is based on histograms recording the distribution of molecular descriptors and calculation of Shannon entropy (SE), a metric originally applied in digital communication. SE values reflect the variability of descriptor settings. We have calculated a total of 92 molecular descriptors in the ACD and NCI databases and ranked them according to their variability. Significant differences in entropy are observed for a number of descriptors. However, the most variable descriptors are similar in the ACD and NCI databases. Such high-entropy descriptors are preferred tools to discriminate between compounds or account for the diversity of chemical libraries.
Series-Connected Saturable Reactor with Control Source of Comparatively High Impedance (1950)

The object of this analysis is to form a clear picture of the function of the saturable reactor with resistive load, and to derive simple, and yet reasonably accurate equations. Four modes of operation are analyzed for normal and underexcitation and one mode of operation for overexcitation. The results of the mathematical derivations are condensed into graphs in normalized form. With the aid of these graphs the effect of any circuit parameter can be readily understood. A numerical example is included to demonstrate the usefulness of the normalized graphs for the quick calculation of the saturable reactor.
STUDY OF HIGH PERFORMANCE AMBA AHB RECONFIGURABLE ARBITER FOR ON-CHIP BUS ARCHITECTURE (2014)

This paper focuses on study of Reconfigurable arbiter that can interface with any common IP core of a system, using specification of AMBA bus protocol. The arbiter plays a very important role to manage the resource sharing on the SOC platform. The scheme involves the typical AMBA features of 'single clock edge transition', 'Split transaction', 'several bus masters', 'burst transfer '. The bus arbiter ensures that only one bus master at a time is allowed to initiate data transfers. The reconfigurable arbitration algorithm, such as highest priority or fair access and round robin can be implemented depending on the application requirements.
Unsupervized Video Segmentation With Low Depth of Field (2007)

In this paper, a novel segmentation algorithm based on matting model is proposed to extract the focused objects in low depth-of-field (DoF) video images. The proposed algorithm is fully automatic and can be used to partition the video image into focused objects and defocused background. This method consists of three stages. The first stage is to generate a saliency map of the input image by the reblurring model. In the second stage, bilateral and morphological filtering are employed to smooth and accentuate the salient regions. Then a trimap with three regions is calculated by an adaptive thresholding method. The third stage involves the proposed adaptive error control matting scheme to extract the boundaries of the focused objects accurately. Experimental evaluation on test sequences shows that the proposed method is capable of segmenting the focused region effectively and accurately.
Desflurane and Sevoflurane Attenuate Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation-Induced Neuronal Cell Death (2003)

Neuronal cell death may occur via two pathways: those causing necrosis or those causing apoptosis. Apoptosis can be activated during periods of stress such as oxygen and glucose deprivation. Anesthetic agents such as desflurane or sevoflurane can attenuate early neuronal necrotic death, but their effect on oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis has not been investigated. Neuronal cell cultures were prepared from neonatal rat cortex and were used between 10 and 14 days in vitro. The neuronal cell cultures were pretreated 30 minutes prior to oxygen and glucose deprivation with either desflurane or sevoflurane (N = 18). Three concentrations of each anesthetic were evaluated. The cultures were then deprived of oxygen and glucose for 30, 60, or 90 minutes. Treatment with desflurane or sevoflurane was continued during the period of oxygen and glucose deprivation. Forty-eight hours after exposure, the cells were examined for apoptosis using TUNEL and DNA gel electrophoresis. Comparisons were made to neuronal cortical cell cultures exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation alone (N = 9). This in vitro model of oxygen and glucose deprivation was successful in producing neuronal cell death during the exposure times examined. During 30-, 60-, and 90-minute periods of oxygen and glucose deprivation, both desflurane and sevoflurane significantly ( approximately 98%) attenuated neuronal cell death regardless of concentration.
Experimental comparison of 3-mode and single-mode coupling over a 1.6-km free-space link (2018)

Free-space optical communications links have the perpetual challenge of coupling light from free-space to a detector or fiber for subsequent detection. It is especially challenging to couple light from free-space into single-mode fiber (SMF) in the presence of atmospheric tilt due to its small acceptance angle; however, SMF coupling is desirable because of the availability of extremely sensitive digital coherent receivers developed by the fiber-telecom industry. In this work, we experimentally compare three-mode and single-mode coupling after propagating through 1.6 km of free-space with and without the use of a fast-steering mirror (FSM) control loop to mitigate atmospherically induced tilt. Here, the 3-mode fiber is a 3-mode photonic lantern multiplexer (PLM) that passively couples light into three SMF outputs. With the FSM control loop active, coupling into the PLM and the SMF yielded nearly identical coupling efficiencies, as expected. Experimental results with the FSM control loop off show that coupling from free-space to PLM increases the average power received, and mitigates the negative impacts of tilt-induced fading relative to coupling directly to SMF.
Attempted oral immunization with chlamydial lipopolysaccharide subunit vaccine. (1987)

The effects of oral immunization with a recombinant vaccine expressing chlamydial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on subsequent ocular challenge with Chlamydia trachomatis were studied in cynomolgus monkeys. Groups of four or five monkeys were given an oral vaccine containing 5 X 10(8) parent or recombinant Escherichia coli on days 0, 14, and 35 and were challenged with either 2 X 10(3) or 5 X 10(3) inclusion forming units of viable purified elementary bodies on day 42. On clinical and microbiologic grounds, oral immunization failed to protect monkeys against subsequent ocular challenge. Antichlamydial IgG or IgA antibodies were not induced by oral vaccination, and the antibody response following ocular challenge was similar in vaccinated and nonvaccinated animals. Paradoxically, however, while nonvaccinated control animals developed antibodies against chlamydial LPS detectable by immunoblotting after chlamydial challenge, the LPS vaccinated animals did not. This study demonstrates that the oral recombinant vaccine expressing chlamydial LPS was ineffective in protecting against chlamydial eye infection and strongly suggests that chlamydial LPS may not be an important antigen for protective immunity against chlamydia.
Production of full-length soluble Plasmodium falciparum RH5 protein vaccine using a Drosophila melanogaster Schneider 2 stable cell line system (2016)

The Plasmodium falciparum reticulocyte-binding protein homolog 5 (PfRH5) has recently emerged as a leading candidate antigen against the blood-stage human malaria parasite. However it has proved challenging to identify a heterologous expression platform that can produce a soluble protein-based vaccine in a manner compliant with current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP). Here we report the production of full-length PfRH5 protein using a cGMP-compliant platform called ExpreS(2), based on a Drosophila melanogaster Schneider 2 (S2) stable cell line system. Five sequence variants of PfRH5 were expressed that differed in terms of mutagenesis strategies to remove potential N-linked glycans. All variants bound the PfRH5 receptor basigin and were recognized by a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Analysis following immunization of rabbits identified quantitative and qualitative differences in terms of the functional IgG antibody response against the P. falciparum parasite. The antibodies induced by one protein variant were shown to be qualitatively similar to responses induced by other vaccine platforms. This work identifies Drosophila S2 cells as a clinically-relevant platform suited for the production of 'difficult-to-make' proteins from Plasmodium parasites, and identifies a PfRH5 sequence variant that can be used for clinical production of a non-glycosylated, soluble full-length protein vaccine immunogen.
Reinterpretation of electron-stimulated desorption data from chemisorption systems (1978)

A review of the electron-stimulated-desorption (ESD) literature shows that many of the features of ESD that are difficult to rationalize within the model of Menzel, Gomer, and Redhead can easily be interpreted using the Auger decay model, which has recently been developed to explain ESD from transition-metal oxide surfaces. Specifically, the Auger model helps to explain the charge state of the desorbing species, the high-energy (\ensuremath{\sim} 30-40 eV) onset behavior that is seen, the differences in thresholds for positive and neutral desorbates, ESD cross-section and isotope-effect data, and the high kinetic energies of desorbing particles. The success of the Auger picture for ionically bonded surfaces suggests a number of new applications of ESD, including the deduction of reaction paths in surface chemistry and the study of the evolution of surface oxides.