gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Up-regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C in Breast Cancer Cells by Heregulin-β1 (2003)

Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) is a critical activator of tumor lymphangiogenesis that recently has been strongly implicated in the tumor metastasis process. In this study, we identified that HRG-beta 1 stimulated up-regulation of VEGF-C mRNA and protein of human breast cancer cells in a dosage- and time-dependent manner and that this up-regulation was de novo RNA synthesis-dependent. The HRG-beta 1-induced increase in VEGF-C expression was effectively reduced by treatment with Herceptin, an antibody specifically against HER2. Also, when HER2 was overexpressed in MCF-7 cells that resulted in an evident increase in the VEGF-C level, suggesting an essential role of HER2 in mediating VEGF-C up-regulation by HRG-beta 1. NF-kappa B has been shown to be probably involved in interleukin-1 beta- or tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced VEGF-C mRNA expression in human fibroblasts. Here we found that HRG-beta 1 could stimulate NF-kappa B nuclear translocation and DNA-binding activity via the I kappa B alpha phosphorylation-degradation mechanism. Blockage of the NF-kappa B activation cascade caused a complete inhibition of the HRG-beta 1-induced elevation of VEGF-C. In promoter-reporter assay, the luciferase activities of the reporter constructs, including the putative NF-kappa B site deleted and mutated form were significantly reduced after HRG-beta 1 treatment as compared with the 1.5-kb VEGF-C promoter. Although investigating the upstream kinase pathway(s) involved in HRG-beta 1-elicited NF-kappa B activation and VEGF-C up-regulation, we found that HRG-beta1 could activate extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2, phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in MCF-7. However, only SB203580 (a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK), not PD98059 nor LY294002, blocked the up-regulation of VEGF-C by HRG-beta 1. A similar inhibition in VEGF-C expression was obtained by cell transfection with dominant-negative p38 (p38AF). Interestingly, the HRG-beta 1-induced NF-kappa B activation cascade was also effectively blocked by SB203580 treatment or p38AF transfection. Our data thus suggests that HRG-beta 1 stimulated a NF-kappa B-dependent up-regulation of VEGF-C through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in human breast cancer cells.
Polar codes for Slepian-Wolf, Wyner-Ziv, and Gelfand-Pinsker (2010)

Polar codes, combined with successive cancellation algorithms, are known to be asymptotically optimal for both the channel as well as the lossy source coding problem. The complexity of the encoding and the decoding algorithm in both cases is O(N log(N)), where N is the blocklength of the code. We show that polar codes also achieve optimum performance for the Slepian-Wolf, the Wyner-Ziv, and the Gelfand-Pinsker problem. The optimality of polar codes for these scenarios rests on the fact that polar codes are optimal for both the channel and the lossy source coding problems. Our results extend to general versions of these problems.
Blood pressure response to chronic intake of coffee and caffeine: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2005)

Regular caffeine intake increases BP. When ingested through coffee, however, the blood pressure effect of caffeine is small.
CD3/CD28 Costimulation-Induced NF-κB Activation Is Mediated by Recruitment of Protein Kinase C-θ, Bcl10, and IκB Kinase β to the Immunological Synapse through CARMA1 (2003)

CARMA1 (also known as CARD11) is a scaffold molecule and contains a caspase-recruitment domain (CARD) and a membrane-associated guanylate kinase-like (MAGUK) domain. It plays an essential role in mediating CD3/CD28 costimulation-induced NF-kappaB activation. However, the molecular mechanism by which CARMA1 mediates costimulatory signals remains to be determined. Here, we show that CARMA1 is constitutively associated with the cytoplasmic membrane. This membrane association is essential for the function of CARMA1, since a mutant of CARMA1, CARMA1(L808P), that is defective in the membrane association cannot rescue CD3/CD28 costimulation-induced NF-kappaB activation in JPM50.6 CARMA1-deficient T cells. Although CD3/CD28 costimulation effectively induces the formation of the immunological synapse in CARMA1-deficient T cells, the recruitment of protein kinase C-theta (PKC-theta), Bcl10, and IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta) into lipid rafts of the immunological synapse is defective. Moreover, expression of wild-type CARMA1, but not CARMA1(L808P), restores the recruitment of PKC-theta, Bcl10, and IKKbeta into lipid rafts in CARMA1-deficient T cells. Consistently, expression of a mutant CARMA1, CARMA1(DeltaCD), that cannot associate with Bcl10 failed to restore CD3/CD28 costimulation-induced NF-kappaB activation in JPM50.6 cells, whereas expression of Bcl10-CARMA(DeltaCD) fusion protein effectively restored this NF-kappaB activation. Together, these results indicate that CARMA1 mediates CD3/CD28 costimulation-induced NF-kappaB activation by recruiting downstream signaling components into the immunological synapse.
Training cost-sensitive neural networks with methods addressing the class imbalance problem (2006)

This paper studies empirically the effect of sampling and threshold-moving in training cost-sensitive neural networks. Both oversampling and undersampling are considered. These techniques modify the distribution of the training data such that the costs of the examples are conveyed explicitly by the appearances of the examples. Threshold-moving tries to move the output threshold toward inexpensive classes such that examples with higher costs become harder to be misclassified. Moreover, hard-ensemble and soft-ensemble, i.e., the combination of above techniques via hard or soft voting schemes, are also tested. Twenty-one UCl data sets with three types of cost matrices and a real-world cost-sensitive data set are used in the empirical study. The results suggest that cost-sensitive learning with multiclass tasks is more difficult than with two-class tasks, and a higher degree of class imbalance may increase the difficulty. It also reveals that almost all the techniques are effective on two-class tasks, while most are ineffective and even may cause negative effect on multiclass tasks. Overall, threshold-moving and soft-ensemble are relatively good choices in training cost-sensitive neural networks. The empirical study also suggests that some methods that have been believed to be effective in addressing the class imbalance problem may, in fact, only be effective on learning with imbalanced two-class data sets.
Review of Mufwene (2001): The Ecology of Language Evolution (2004)

Preview this article: Salikoko S. Mufwene. The Ecology of Language Evolution, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/lplp.28.3.09sal-1.gif
Blockchain-Based Identity Management: A Survey From the Enterprise and Ecosystem Perspective (2019)

Identity management is a core building block for the majority of software solutions and landscapes. Competing with existing identity-managing solutions, blockchain-based concepts and products have evolved in the context of verified claims and self-sovereign identities. The contribution of this paper is a systematic, criteria-driven survey of the solutions and technologies for this growing field and their comparison with the capabilities of established solutions. By including an extensive set of requirements covering ecosystem aspects, end-user functionality, mobility and overhead aspects, compliance/liability, EU regulations, standardization, and integration, this paper shows the highlights and the deficits of a wide array of solutions.
Regenerative fuel cell energy storage system for a low earth orbit space station (1988)

A study was conducted to define characteristics of a Regenerative Fuel Cell System (RFCS) for low earth orbit Space Station missions. The RFCS's were defined and characterized based on both an alkaline electrolyte fuel cell integrated with an alkaline electrolyte water electrolyzer and an alkaline electrolyte fuel cell integrated with an acid solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) water electrolyzer. The study defined the operating characteristics of the systems including system weight, volume, and efficiency. A maintenance philosophy was defined and the implications of system reliability requirements and modularization were determined. Finally, an Engineering Model System was defined and a program to develop and demonstrate the EMS and pacing technology items that should be developed in parallel with the EMS were identified. The specific weight of an optimized RFCS operating at 140 F was defined as a function of system efficiency for a range of module sizes. An EMS operating at a nominal temperature of 180 F and capable of delivery of 10 kW at an overall efficiency of 55.4 percent is described. A program to develop the EMS is described including a technology development effort for pacing technology items.
Toward an elastic service based framework for Enterprise Application Integration (2007)

Enterprise application integration (EAI) is a very complicated process of integrating multiple applications, which were independently developed, use incompatible technology, and remain independently managed. In this paper we are going to discuss about the evolution of EAI concepts and a new elastic framework for enterprise application integration (EAI). The new framework provides a service based architecture for seamless integration of enterprise applications which can develop from the bottom up, building on existing technology. The approach is demonstrated by building a real world application for EAI in the education service domain. Business drivers for and approaches to EAI are present first. We then present our implementation of the architecture and practical challenges encountered in EAI.
Development of a Pivot Bearing Supported Sealless Centrifugal Pump for Ventricular Assist (1996)

Since 1991, in our laboratory, a pivot bearing-supported, sealless, centrifugal pump has been developed as an implantable ventricular assist device (VAD). For this application, the configuration of the total pump system should be relatively small. The C1E3 pump developed for this purpose was anatomically compatible with the small-sized patient population. To evaluate an-tithrombogenicity, ex vivo 2-week screening studies were conducted instead of studies involving an intracorpore-ally implanted VADs using calves. Five paracorporeal LVAD studies were performed using calves for longer than 2 weeks. The activated clotting time (ACT) was maintained at approximately 250 s using heparin. All of the devices demonstrated trouble-free performances over 2 weeks. Among these 5 studies, 3 implantations were subjected to 1-month system validation studies. There were no device-induced thrombus formations inside the pump housing, and plasma-free hemoglobin levels in calves were within the normal range throughout the experiment (35, 34, and 31 days). There were no incidents of system malfunction. Subsequently, the mass production model was fabricated and yielded a normalized index of hemolysis of 0.0014, which was comparable to that of clinically available pumps. The wear life of the impeller bearings was estimated at longer than 8 years. In the next series of in vivo studies, an implantable model of the C1E3 pump will be fabricated for longer term implantation. The pump-actuator will be implanted inside the body; thus the design calls for substituting plastic for metallic parts.
Nondestructive Readout ofMetallic-Tape Computer Cores* (1959)

* * * 3 6 1 ~~~~~~~~STORED STORED thisinvestigation, several investigators'-' havepro- posedmethodswhereby thisresetting actionisnot HARD HARD ~~~~~~~~~HARD required because thecoreisnotdriven during reading, AXIS - ~ butmerely examined electrically todetermine itspres- R /RA entstate without destroying this state. ThesemethodsREMANENT / - - REMANENT aregenerally classified asnondestructive readout sys- FLUX
Extended Thermodynamics: a Theory of Symmetric Hyperbolic Field Equations (2008)

Extended thermodynamics is based on a set of equations of balance which are supplemented by local and instantaneous constitutive equations so that the field equations are quasi-linear first order differential equations. If the constitutive functions are subject to the requirements of the entropy principle, one may write them in symmetric hyperbolic form by a suitable choice of fields. The kinetic theory of gases, or the moment theories based on the Boltzmann equation provide an explicit example for extended thermodynamics. The theory proves its usefulness and practicality in the successful treatment of light scattering in rarefied gases. This presentation is based upon the book [1] of which the author of this paper is a co-author. For more details about the motivation and exploitation of the basic principles the interested reader is referred to that reference. It would seem that extended thermodynamics is worthy of the attention of mathematicians. It may offer them a non-trivial field of study concerning hyperbolic equations, if ever they get tired of the Burgers equation. Physicists may prefer to appreciate the success of extended thermodynamics in light scattering and to work on the open problems concerning the modification of the Navier-Stokes-Fourier theory in rarefied gases as predicted by extended thermodynamics of 13, 14, and more moments.
5-Phenyl-2,4-pentadienamides as Potential Antimalarial Agents (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT5-Phenyl-2,4-pentadienamides as Potential Antimalarial AgentsLeslie M. Werbel, Nancy. Headen, and Edward F. ElslagerCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1967, 10, 3, 366–370Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00315a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00315a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views121Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Opioids from immunocytes interact with receptors on sensory nerves to inhibit nociception in inflammation. (1990)

Exogenous opioids can produce localized opioid receptor-mediated antinociception in peripheral inflamed tissue. Previous studies show that activation of endogenous opioids by a cold water swim in rats with hind paw inflammation results in a similar local antinociceptive effect but suggest that pituitary-adrenal opioid pools are not directly involved in producing this effect. Here we show increased amounts of opioid peptides in immune cells infiltrating the inflamed tissue. Furthermore, we demonstrate immunoreactive opioid receptors on peripheral terminals of sensory neurons. The local administration of antibodies against opioid peptides or receptors or systemic pretreatment with the immunosuppressant cyclosporine blocks cold water swim-induced antinociception. These findings suggest that antinociception in inflammation can be brought about by endogenous opioids from immune cells interacting with opioid receptors on peripheral sensory nerves.
Preparation of Gold Nanoparticle/Graphene Composites with Controlled Weight Contents and Their Application in Biosensors (2010)

Positively charged gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with diameters of 2−6 nm were self-assembled onto the surfaces of 1-pyrene butyric acid functionalized graphene (PFG) sheets simply by mixing their aqueous dispersions. The amount of GNPs assembled on PFG sheets can be easily modulated by controlling the feeding weight ratio of both components. Furthermore, it was found that PFG sheets had a high loading capability of GNPs, and the maximum value was determined to be about 300 times the PFG’s own weight. Glassy carbon (GC) electrodes modified with the composite of GNPs and PFG (GNP−PFG composite) showed strong electrocatalytic activity and high electrochemical stability. A uric acid electrochemical sensor based on the composite modified electrode exhibited rapid response and high sensitivity.
Principles of Protein−Protein Interactions: What are the Preferred Ways For Proteins To Interact? (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPrinciples of Protein−Protein Interactions: What are the Preferred Ways For Proteins To Interact?Ozlem Keskin, Attila Gursoy, Buyong Ma, and Ruth NussinovView Author Information Koc University, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics and College of Engineering, Rumelifeneri Yolu, 34450 Sariyer Istanbul, Turkey; Basic Research Program, SAIC−Frederick, Inc., Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology Program, NCIFrederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702; and Sackler Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 4, 1225–1244Publication Date (Web):March 21, 2008Publication History Received13 July 2007Published online21 March 2008Published inissue 1 April 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr040409xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr040409xresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views11837Altmetric-Citations508LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Interfaces,Molecules,Peptides and proteins,Protein structure,Screening assays Get e-Alerts
H3 Histamine Receptor–Mediated Activation of Protein Kinase Cα Inhibits the Growth of Cholangiocarcinoma <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> (2009)

Histamine regulates functions via four receptors (HRH1, HRH2, HRH3, and HRH4). The d-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3))/Ca(2+)/protein kinase C (PKC)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway regulates cholangiocarcinoma growth. We evaluated the role of HRH3 in the regulation of cholangiocarcinoma growth. Expression of HRH3 in intrahepatic and extrahepatic cell lines, normal cholangiocytes, and human tissue arrays was measured. In Mz-ChA-1 cells stimulated with (R)-(alpha)-(-)-methylhistamine dihydrobromide (RAMH), we measured (a) cell growth, (b) IP(3) and cyclic AMP levels, and (c) phosphorylation of PKC and mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms. Localization of PKCalpha was visualized by immunofluorescence in cell smears and immunoblotting for PKCalpha in cytosol and membrane fractions. Following knockdown of PKCalpha, Mz-ChA-1 cells were stimulated with RAMH before evaluating cell growth and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 phosphorylation. In vivo experiments were done in BALB/c nude mice. Mice were treated with saline or RAMH for 44 days and tumor volume was measured. Tumors were excised and evaluated for proliferation, apoptosis, and expression of PKCalpha, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF-C, VEGF receptor 2, and VEGF receptor 3. HRH3 expression was found in all cells. RAMH inhibited the growth of cholangiocarcinoma cells. RAMH increased IP(3) levels and PKCalpha phosphorylation and decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation. RAMH induced a shift in the localization of PKCalpha expression from the cytosolic domain into the membrane region of Mz-ChA-1 cells. Silencing of PKCalpha prevented RAMH inhibition of Mz-ChA-1 cell growth and ablated RAMH effects on ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In vivo, RAMH decreased tumor growth and expression of VEGF and its receptors; PKCalpha expression was increased. RAMH inhibits cholangiocarcinoma growth by PKCalpha-dependent ERK1/2 dephosphorylation. Modulation of PKCalpha by histamine receptors may be important in regulating cholangiocarcinoma growth.
Best Practices for Investigating Anion Exchange Membrane Suitability for Alkaline Electrochemical Devices: Case Study Using Quaternary Ammonium Poly(2,6-dimethyl 1,4-phenylene)oxide Anion Exchange Membranes (2013)

Alkaline fuel cells containing anion exchange membrane electrolytes (i.e., solid-state alkaline fuel cells - SAFCs) promise to provide high power densities without platinum group metal catalysts. In the past decade, SAFC performance has improved substantially due to improvements in electrode binders that facilitate good membrane-electrode contact and ionic conductivity in the electrode layer. However, the alkaline (in)stability of AEMs is a long-standing challenge that currently precludes commercialization of this technology. To date, there have not been any satisfactory strategies or approaches to adequately assess an AEM's suitability for SAFC applications. Here, we report an all-encompassing "best practices" approach to evaluate a leading AEM candidate (poly(2,6-dimethyl 1,4-phenylene) oxide (PPO) with quaternary ammonium groups) for SAFCs. Additionally, this work reports an excellent peak power density of 294 mW cm−2 when the fuel cell was operated with hydrogen-oxygen. This high fuel cell performance was attained by painting the electrodes directly onto the membrane to minimize membrane-electrode contact resistance losses.
Detection of a Spinning Object Using Light’s Orbital Angular Momentum (2013)

The linear Doppler shift is widely used to infer the velocity of approaching objects, but this shift does not detect rotation. By analyzing the orbital angular momentum of the light scattered from a spinning object, we observed a frequency shift proportional to product of the rotation frequency of the object and the orbital angular momentum of the light. This rotational frequency shift was still present when the angular momentum vector was parallel to the observation direction. The multiplicative enhancement of the frequency shift may have applications for the remote detection of rotating bodies in both terrestrial and astronomical settings.