gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On Image Compression using Curve Fitting (2010)

Context: Uncompressed Images contain redundancy of image data which can be reduced by image compression in order to store or transmit image data in an economic way. There are many techniques being used for this purpose but the rapid growth in digital media requires more research to make more efficient use of resources. Objectives: In this study we implement Polynomial curve fitting using 1st and 2nd curve orders with non-overlapping 4x4 and 8x8 block sizes. We investigate a selective quantization where each parameter is assigned a priority. The 1st parameter is assigned high priority compared to the other parameters. At the end Huffman coding is applied. Three standard grayscale images of LENA, PEPPER and BOAT are used in our experiment. Methods: We did a literature review, where we selected articles from known libraries i.e. IEEE, ACM Digital Library, ScienceDirect and SpringerLink etc. We have also performed two experiments, one experiment with 1st curve order using 4x4 and 8x8 block sizes and second experiment with 2nd curve order using same block sizes. Results: A comparison using 4x4 and 8x8 block sizes at 1st and 2nd curve orders shows that there is a large difference in compression ratio for the same value of Mean Square Error. Using 4x4 block size gives better quality of an image as compare to 8x8 block size at same curve order but less compression. JPEG gives higher value of PSNR at low and high compression. Conclusions: A selective quantization is good idea to use to get better subjective quality of an image. A comparison shows that to get good compression ratio, 8x8 block size at 1st curve order should be used but for good objective and subjective quality of an image 4x4 block size at 2nd order should be used. JPEG involves a lot of research and it outperforms in PSNR and CR as compare to our proposed scheme at low and high compression ratio. Our proposed scheme gives comparable objective quality (PSNR) of an image at high compression ratio as compare to the previous curve fitting techniques implemented by Salah and Ameer but we are unable to achieve subjective quality of an image.
Sterility control and long-term eye-bank storage of cultured human limbal epithelial cells for transplantation (2009)

This study is the first to verify the sterility of HLEC cultures prior to transplantation. Although a slight decrease in viability was observed following 2 weeks of storage, the HLEC sheets remain acceptable, whereas 3 week's storage was unsatisfactory.
Visually localizing design problems with disharmony maps (2008)

Assessing the quality of software design is difficult, as "design" is expressed through guidelines and heuristics, not rigorous rules. One successful approach to assess design quality is based on detection strategies, which are metrics-based composed logical conditions, by which design fragments with specific properties are detected in the source code. Such detection strategies, when executed on large software systems usually return large sets of artifacts, which potentially exhibit one or more "design disharmonies", which are then inspected manually, a cumbersome activity.
Clinical features of influenza. (1992)

Influenza, an acute, usually self-limited, febrile illness of global importance, appears virtually every year and infects the respiratory tract either sporadically, as a local outbreak, or as a widespread epidemic. The most severe outbreak known, the 1918 to 1919 influenza A pandemic, was responsible for an estimated 20 million deaths globally. In the United States, the influenza pandemics of 1957 and 1968 were associated with an attack rate of up to 50% and an estimated 100,000 deaths. Interpandemic influenza is responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality, which exceed that associated with the introduction of the pandemic strain. Influenza B infections resemble those due to influenza A, but are associated with fewer deaths. Features of influenza include headache, myalgia, malaise, anorexia, sore throat, nonproductive cough, sneezing, and nasal discharge; these symptoms are not pathognomic for influenza, and asymptomatic infection can occur. The pulmonary complications of influenza include pneumonia (viral and bacterial), croup, asthma, and bronchitis. Myocarditis and pericarditis are occasional cardiac complications. In addition to Reye's syndrome, a range of neurologic complications have been noted, including confusion, convulsions, psychosis, neuritis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, coma, transverse myelitis, and encephalomyelitis. Influenza has also been associated with the toxic shock syndrome, myositis, myoglobinuria, and renal failure. In view of its enormous human and economic toll, influenza remains a major target for improved vaccines and vaccine delivery, and antiviral treatment and prophylaxis.
Immature Human Dendritic Cells Express Asialoglycoprotein Receptor Isoforms for Efficient Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis (2001)

In a search for genes expressed by dendritic cells (DC), we have cloned cDNAs encoding different forms of an asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR). The DC-ASGPR represents long and short isoforms of human macrophage lectin, a Ca(2+)-dependent type II transmembrane lectin displaying considerable homology with the H1 and H2 subunits of the hepatic ASGPR. Immunoprecipitation from DC using an anti-DC-ASGPR mAb yielded a major 40-kDa protein with an isoelectric point of 8.2. DC-ASGPR mRNA was observed predominantly in immune tissues. Both isoforms were detected in DC and granulocytes, but not in T, B, or NK cells, or monocytes. DC-ASGPR species were restricted to the CD14-derived DC obtained from CD34(+) progenitors, while absent from the CD1a-derived subset. Accordingly, both monocyte-derived DC and tonsillar interstitial-type DC expressed DC-ASGPR protein, while Langerhans-type cells did not. Furthermore, DC-ASGPR is a feature of immaturity, as expression was lost upon CD40 activation. In agreement with the presence of tyrosine-based and dileucine motifs in the intracytoplasmic domain, mAb against DC-ASGPR was rapidly internalized by DC at 37 degrees C. Finally, intracellular DC-ASGPR was localized to early endosomes, suggesting that the receptor recycles to the cell surface following internalization of ligand. Our findings identify DC-ASGPR/human macrophage lectin as a feature of immature DC, and as another lectin important for the specialized Ag-capture function of DC.
The structural basis of myotonic dystrophy from the crystal structure of CUG repeats (2005)

Myotonic dystrophy (DM) type 1 is associated with an expansion of (>50) CTG repeats within the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the dystrophin myotonin protein kinase gene (dmpk). In the corresponding mRNA transcript, the CUG repeats form an extended stem-loop structure. The double-stranded RNA of the stem sequesters RNA binding proteins away from their normal cellular targets resulting in aberrant transcription, alternative splicing patterns, or both, thereby leading to DM. To better understand the structural basis of DM type 1, we determined to 1.58-A resolution the x-ray crystal structure of an 18-bp RNA containing six CUG repeats. The CUG repeats form antiparallel double-stranded helices that stack end-on-end in the crystal to form infinite, pseudocontinuous helices similar to the long CUG stem loops formed by the expanded CUG repeats in DM type 1. The CUG helix is very similar in structure to A-form RNA with the exception of the unique U-U mismatches. This structure provides a high-resolution view of a toxic, trinucleotide repeat RNA.
Homeostatic control of immunity by TCR peptide–specific Tregs (2004)

Regulation of the immune response is a multifaceted process involving lymphocytes that function to maintain both self tolerance as well as homeostasis following productive immunity against microbes. There are 2 broad categories of Tregs that function in different immunological settings depending upon the context of antigen exposure and the nature of the inflammatory response. During massive inflammatory conditions such as microbial exposure in the gut or tissue transplantation, regulatory CD4+CD25+ Tregs broadly suppress priming and/or expansion of polyclonal autoreactive responses nonspecifically. In other immune settings where initially a limited repertoire of antigen-reactive T cells is activated and expanded, TCR-specific negative feedback mechanisms are able to achieve a fine homeostatic balance. Here I will describe experimental evidence for the existence of a Treg population specific for determinants that are derived from the TCR and are expressed by expanding myelin basic protein-reactive T cells mediating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal prototype for multiple sclerosis. These mechanisms ensure induction of effective but appropriately limited responses against foreign antigens while preventing autoreactivity from inflicting escalating damage. In contrast to CD25+ Tregs, which are most efficient at suppressing priming or activation, these specific Tregs are most efficient in controlling T cells following their activation.
STABILIZATION AND FACILITATED DEPOSITION OF SURFACE MONOLAYERS OF FLUOROCRBON AMPHIPHILES THROUGH POLYION COMPLEX FORMATION (1986)

Abstract Bilayer-forming ammonium amphiphiles with one, two, or three fluorocarbon chains formed surface monolayers on water, which were stabilized by polyions in the subphase and deposited on polycarbonate films as polyion complexes by the Langmuir–Blodgett technique.
IHS transform for the integration of radar imagery with other remotely sensed data (1990)

The IHS (Intensity-Hue-Saturation) color display transform is a technique for combining diverse data with radar data to provide color imagery suitable for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The integration of radar with other data types is discussed under four major themes: integration of radar with other remotely sensed data, aiborne geophysical data, thematic data, and data extracted from multiple radar images. Examples of IHS transformed images for each theme listed above are presented and discussed with a view to their application to various Earth science disciplines, particularly geology and sea ice
4D treatment planning for scanned ion beams (2007)

At Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) more than 330 patients have been treated with scanned carbon ion beams in a pilot project. To date, only stationary tumors have been treated. In the presence of motion, scanned ion beam therapy is not yet possible because of interplay effects between scanned beam and target motion which can cause severe mis-dosage. We have started a project to treat tumors that are subject to respiratory motion. A prototype beam application system for target tracking with the scanned pencil beam has been developed and commissioned. To facilitate treatment planning for tumors that are subject to organ motion, we have extended our standard treatment planning system TRiP to full 4D functionality. The 4D version of TRiP allows to calculate dose distributions in the presence of motion. Furthermore, for motion mitigation techniques tracking, gating, rescanning, and internal margins optimization of treatment parameters has been implemented. 4D calculations are based on 4D computed tomography data, deformable registration maps, organ motion traces, and beam scanning parameters.We describe the methods of our 4D treatment planning approach and demonstrate functionality of the system for phantom as well as patient data.
Transmission and Processing of IPv6 Extension Headers (2013)

Various IPv6 extension headers have been standardised since the IPv6
standard was first published. This document updates RFC 2460 to
clarify how intermediate nodes should deal with such extension headers
and with any that are defined in the future. It also specifies how
extension headers should be registered by IANA, with a corresponding
minor update to RFC 2780.
Isolation and structure of nanaomycin D, an enantiomer of the antibiotic kalafungin (1976)

The absolute configuration of nanaomycin D, the fourth antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces rosa var. notoensis which is also obtained from nanaomycin A by air oxidation in methanol, has been determined; it has been found to be the enantiomer (1) of kalafungin (2).
Initial growth and texture formation during reactive magnetron sputtering of TiN on Si(111) (2002)

The initial growth and texture formation mechanism of titanium nitride (TiN) films were investigated by depositing TiN films on (111) silicon substrates by using reactive magnetron sputtering of a Ti metallic target under a N2/Ar atmosphere, and then analyzing the films in detail by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Two power sources for the sputtering, dc and rf, were compared. At the initial growth stage, a continuous amorphous film containing randomly oriented nuclei was observed when the film thickness was about 3 nm. The nuclei grew and formed a polycrystalline layer when the film thickness was about 6 nm. As the film grew further, its orientation changed depending on the deposition conditions. For dc sputtering, the appearance of (111) or (200)-preferred orientations depended on the N2 partial pressure, and the intensity of the preferred orientation increased with increasing film thickness. For rf sputtering, however, when the film thickness was small (for instance, about 20 nm), the film showed (200) orientation, independent of the N2 partial pressure, and further growth caused the film to orient to the (111) orientation when the N2 partial pressure was low (about 0.015 Pa). The results indicated that preferred orientation of TiN films is controlled by a competition between kinetic and thermodynamic effects.
Uterine Leiomyosarcoma in a Patient with Classic Presentation of Ovarian Cancer: A Case Report (2017)

Leiomyosarcoma is a rare gynaecologic malignancy accounting for approximately 3-9 percent of all tumours derived from the uterus. Several case reports have noted elevated levels of CA-125 with leiomyosarcoma, though this is not typical. Here we report a case of a patient with leiomyosarcoma, presenting with a suspicious adnexal mass and clinical presentation suggestive of ovarian carcinoma.
Chlorhexidine - Pharmacology and Clinical Applications (2008)

Chlorhexidine is a widely used skin antisepsis preparation and is an ingredient in toothpaste and mouthwash. It is an especially effective antiseptic when combined with alcohol. Its antimicrobial effects persist because it is binds strongly to proteins in the skin and mucosa, making it an effective antiseptic ingredient for handwashing, skin preparation for surgery and the placement of intravascular access. Catheters impregnated with chlorhexidine and antimicrobial agents can reduce the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infections. Contact dermatitis related to chlorhexidine is not common in health care workers. The incidence of contact dermatitis to chlorhexidine in atopic patients is approximately 2.5 to 5.4%. Acute hypersensitivity reactions to chlorhexidine are often not recognised and therefore may be underreported. This review discusses the pharmacology, microbiology, clinical applications and adverse effects of chlorhexidine.
Characteristics of Multiple‐Shock Defibrillation (1995)

Multiple‐Shock Defibrillation. Introduction : A new method for defibrillation allows two shocks to be combined to defibrillate with reduced current by adjusting their separation according to the cycle length of the fibrillation event. We investigated various aspects of this new method to better understand its characteristics and applicability to defibrillation. Methods and Results : In 48 pentobarbital‐anesthetized dogs, we measured the current for 50% defibrillation success using the new method with sequences of rectangular shocks. Group 1 studied the role of shock total duration and found that two‐shock sequences followed a strength‐duration curve similar to, but below, that for single shocks. Group 2 studied the role of amplitude and duration balance between shocks and found that two‐shock sequences with equal shocks performed best. Group 3 studied whether the new method could be used with either biphasic waveforms or sequential shock pathways. Current reduction for the combined methods equaled the product of current reduction by each method, demonstrating that these methods can be effectively combined. Group 4 extended the method to include three‐shock and four‐shock sequences and found that a fourth shock did not further improve defibrillation. The optimum three‐shock sequence required 33% lower current (P < 0.002) and 34% greater energy (P < 0.095 = NS) than a single shock. Conclusions : The new method allows defibrillation to be distributed over several fibrillatory cycles and has an improved strength‐duration relationship. Two‐ or three‐shock sequences using equal shocks permit a substantial reduction of defibrillation current that can be combined with the reduction for biphasic and sequential methods. Thus, the method may have application in low‐current defibrillation devices.
High-efficiency temporal pulse cleaning for a 1 μm front end on a Petawatt-class laser (2006)

We demonstrate that using the nonlinear temporal filtering technique XPW on front end system we increase the pulse contrast by three orders of magnitude and decrease the pulse duration leading to an efficiency of 35%.
A low-phase-noise CMOS ring oscillator with differential control and quadrature outputs (2002)

This paper presents a two-stage 3.3V ring VCO in a 0.35/spl mu/m CMOS technology with differential control and quadrature outputs. The measured common mode noise rejection at 1MHz is 32dB better than for a single-ended control topology. It also has improved supply noise rejection which is 38dB better than conventional differential ring oscillator at 320MHz. The measured phase noise is -117dBc/Hz at a 1MHz offset from the 973MHz center frequency. Since the trend of low-voltage operation degrades oscillator phase noise, our design is particularly well suited for low voltage high performance systems.
Noncovalently Linked Zinc Porphyrin-Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub>Dyad Assembled via Axial Coordination (2003)

Noncovalently linked electron donor-acceptor dyad consisting of zinc tetratolylporphyrin and pyridine appended ruthenium trisbipyridine comlex was prepared, via axial coordination of pyridine moiety in ruthenium trisbipyridine complex on zinc tetratolylporphyrin. For the purpose of comparison, axial coordination of pyridine-appended 2,2'-bipyridine on zinc tetratolylporphyrin was also investigated. The Kvalues were detemined based on absorption of fluorescence studies. The fluorescence of zinc teratolylporphrin was efficiently quenched upon axial coordination of pyridine moiety, prbably due to the photoinduced electron transfer from zinc tetrtolylporphyrin to ruthenium trisbipyridine, supported by free enegy estimation.
<i>In vitro</i>screening for inhibitors of the human mitotic kinesin Eg5 with antimitotic and antitumor activities (2004)

Human Eg5, a member of the kinesin superfamily, plays a key role in mitosis, as it is required for the formation of a bipolar spindle. We describe here the first in vitro microtubule-activated ATPase-based assay for the identification of small-molecule inhibitors of Eg5. We screened preselected libraries obtained from the National Cancer Institute and identified S-trityl-L-cysteine as the most effective Eg5 inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.0 micromol/L for the inhibition of basal ATPase activity and 140 nmol/L for the microtubule-activated ATPase activity. Subsequent cell-based assays revealed that S-trityl-L-cysteine induced mitotic arrest in HeLa cells (IC50, 700 nmol/L) with characteristic monoastral spindles. S-trityl-L-cysteine is 36 times more potent for inducing mitotic arrest than the well-studied inhibitor, monastrol. Gossypol, flexeril, and two phenothiazine analogues were also identified as Eg5 inhibitors, and we found that they all result in monoastral spindles in HeLa cells. It is notable that all the Eg5 inhibitors identified here have been shown previously to inhibit tumor cell line growth in the NCI 60 tumor cell line screen, and we conclude that their antitumor activity may at least in part be explained by their ability to inhibit Eg5 activity.
Application of divide-and-conquer algorithm paradigm to improve the detection speed of high interaction client honeypots (2008)

We present the design and analysis of a new algorithm for high interaction client honeypots for finding malicious servers on a network. The algorithm uses the divide-and-conquer paradigm and results in a considerable performance gain over the existing sequential algorithm. The performance gain not only allows the client honeypot to inspect more servers with a given set of identical resources, but it also allows researchers to increase the classification delay to investigate false negatives incurred by the use of artificial time delays in current solutions.
Early traffic classification using support vector machines (2009)

Internet traffic classification is an essential task for managing large networks. Network design, routing optimization, quality of service management, anomaly and intrusion detection tasks can be improved with a good knowledge of the traffic.
Genomic analysis of novel Siglecs (sialic acid binding Ig-type lectins) (2002)

Conference Abstract| February 01 2002 Genomic analysis of novel Siglecs (sialic acid binding Ig-type lectins) P.R. Crocker P.R. Crocker 1Wellcome Trust Biocentre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2002) 30 (1): A3. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst030a003b Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation P.R. Crocker; Genomic analysis of novel Siglecs (sialic acid binding Ig-type lectins). Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 2002; 30 (1): A3. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst030a003b Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2002 Biochemical Society2002 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
IEEE P1149.5 to 1149.1 data and protocol conversion (2002)

The proposed IEEE P1149.5 Standard Module Test and Maintenance (MTM) Bus Protocol Standard addresses hierarchical system test using a four wire (five wire with pause option) serial bus scheme. While the standard adresses many system test and maintenance issues, it is an open ended specification that allows user-defined functionality. With the broad acceptance of IEEE Std 1149.1 Boundary Scan, it is important that P1149.5 allows access to IEEE Std 1149.1 and recommends one or more possible methods of converting IEEE P1149.5 protocol and data to IEEE Std 1149.1 protocol and data. This paper proposes one technique for protocol and data conversion between IEEE P1149.5 and IEEE Std 1149.1. This proposal is under consideration with other proposals for recommendation within the IEEE P1149.5 Specification. The IEEE Proposed Std 1149.5 and IEEE Std 1149.1 are briefly reviewed from a protocol perspective to lay the groundwork for reconciliation of their differences later in the paper. A sample IEEE P1149.5 Slave interface is also developed to introduce the concept of serial to parallel conversion within the IEEE P1149.5 Slave which is necessary for error checking on 1149.1 data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>