gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The use of VSAT to extend the company LAN to all its retail sites (1994)

Large retail sites such as department stores and supermarkets, and medium sized sites such as bank branches and motor dealerships, now commonly use telecommunications between a number of terminals and printers onsite. Companies have an increasing need to communicate operations information such as sales transactions, stock orders, POS authorisation, pricing tables and business statistics in real time, between the retail branch and the central business. Many of them also see benefit in extending administrative support services such as electronic mail, company news, and access to central databases from headquarters into the branch. The use of local area networks within both headquarters and branch environments is the natural choice, since they give ease of cabling and connection, and support all types of service without restriction in throughput or numbers of terminals. However, interconnection of the HQ to all the branch LANs presents the communications manager with some difficult problems in obtaining satisfactory data throughput and reliability, while keeping costs of transmission, equipment, and network management to a reasonable level. The paper shows how VSAT technology solves many of these problems and provides, in many cases, the best price/performance tradeoff for distributed networking requirements. >
Spatially and Temporally Regulated Expression of Rice MADS Box Genes with Similarity to Arabidopsis Class A, B and C Genes (2000)

The floral morphology of grass species is distinct from that of typical dicot plants. In order to achieve a better understanding of the molecular basis for this diversion, we isolated RAP1A, RAP1B and RAG, putative rice orthologs for the Arabidopsis class A gene APETALA1 (AP1) and class C gene AGAMOUS (AG). The expression patterns of RAP1A, RAG and OsMADS2, a rice ortholog of the class B gene, were analyzed by in situ hybridization. RAP1A mRNA was expressed in the apical region of the floral meristem at an early stage of spikelet development, and then its expression was localized in developing lemma, palea and lodicules. The OsMADS2 transcript was first observed in the region where stamen primordia are formed. Soon after, OsMADS2 mRNA appeared in the lodicule primordia as well as the stamen primordia, and this RNA accumulation pattern persisted until late stages of floral development. The expression of RAG was observed in stamens and pistils of wild-type young spikelets. These RNA accumulation patterns are mostly similar to those of Arabidopsis class A, B, C genes, supporting the notion that the ABC model may be extended to rice.
Time Series Analysis, Identification, and Adaptive Filtering (1987)

Stochastic convergence theory is reviewed in this text including 33 fundamental martingale and convergence theorems. The book unifies identification theory; adaptive filtering; control and decision, and time series analysis. Examples of practical microcomputer-based applications are included.
Ecological traps for dragonflies in a cemetery: the attraction of <i>Sympetrum</i> species (Odonata: Libellulidae) by horizontally polarizing black gravestones (2007)

Summary 1. We observed that the dragonfly species Sympetrum flaveolum , S. striolatum , S. sanguineum , S. meridionale and S. danae were attracted by polished black gravestones in a Hungarian cemetery. 2. The insects showed the same behaviour as at water: (i) they perched persistently in the immediate vicinity of the chosen gravestones and defended their perch against other dragonflies; (ii) flying individuals repeatedly touched the horizontal surface of the shiny black tombstones with the ventral side of their body; (iii) pairs in tandem position frequently circled above black gravestones. 3. Tombstones preferred by the dragonflies were in the open and had an area of at least 0.5 m 2 with an almost horizontal, polished, black surface and with at least one perch in their immediate vicinity. 4. Using imaging polarimetry, we found that the black gravestones, like smooth water surfaces, reflect highly and horizontally polarized light. 5. In double‐choice field experiments with various test surfaces, we showed that the dragonflies attracted to shiny black tombstones display positive polarotaxis and, under natural conditions, detect water by means of the horizontally polarized reflected light. This, and the reflection‐polarization characteristics of black gravestones, explain why these dragonflies are attracted to black tombstones. 6. If females attracted to the black gravestones oviposit on them, the latter constitute ecological traps for dragonflies that are not close to water.
Geometry and surface damage in micro electrical discharge machining of micro-holes (2009)

Geometry and subsurface damage of blind micro-holes produced by micro electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM) is investigated experimentally to explore the relational dependence with respect to pulse energy. For this purpose, micro-holes are machined with various pulse energies on plastic mold steel samples using a tungsten carbide tool electrode and a hydrocarbon-based dielectric liquid. Variations in the micro-hole geometry, micro-hole depth and over-cut in micro-hole diameter are measured. Then, unconventional etching agents are applied on the cross sections to examine micro structural alterations within the substrate. It is observed that the heat-damaged segment is composed of three distinctive layers, which have relatively high thicknesses and vary noticeably with respect to the drilling depth. Crack formation is identified on some sections of the micro-holes even by utilizing low pulse energies during machining. It is concluded that the cracking mechanism is different from cracks encountered on the surfaces when machining is performed by using the conventional EDM process. Moreover, an electrically conductive bridge between work material and debris particles is possible at the end tip during machining which leads to electric discharges between the piled segments of debris particles and the tool electrode during discharging.
Calibration of Fisheye Camera Using Entrance Pupil (2019)

Most conventional camera calibration algorithms assume that the imaging device has a Single Viewpoint (SVP). This is not necessarily true for special imaging device such as fisheye lenses. As a consequence, the intrinsic camera calibration result is not always reliable. In this paper, we propose a new formation model that tends to relax this assumption so that a Non-Single Viewpoint (NSVP) system is corrected to always maintain a SVP, by taking into account the variation of the Entrance Pupil (EP) using thin lens modeling. In addition, we present a calibration procedure for the image formation to estimate these EP parameters using non linear optimization procedure with bundle adjustment. From experiments, we are able to obtain slightly better re-projection error than traditional methods, and the camera parameters are better estimated. The proposed calibration procedure is simple and can easily be integrated to any other thin lens image formation model.
Graphene on insulating crystalline substrates (2009)

We show that it is possible to prepare and identify ultra-thin sheets of graphene on crystalline substrates such as SrTiO(3), TiO(2), Al(2)O(3) and CaF(2) by standard techniques (mechanical exfoliation, optical and atomic force microscopy). On the substrates under consideration we find a similar distribution of single layer, bilayer and few-layer graphene and graphite flakes as with conventional SiO(2) substrates. The optical contrast C of a single graphene layer on any of those substrates is determined by calculating the optical properties of a two-dimensional metallic sheet on the surface of a dielectric, which yields values between C = -1.5% (G/TiO(2)) and C = -8.8% (G/CaF(2)). This contrast is in reasonable agreement with experimental data and is sufficient to make identification by an optical microscope possible. The graphene layers cover the crystalline substrate in a carpet-like mode and the height of single layer graphene on any of the crystalline substrates as determined by atomic force microscopy is d(SLG) = 0.34 nm and thus much smaller than on SiO(2).
Molecular Cloning of the Varicella-Zoster Virus Genome and Derivation of Six Restriction Endonuclease Maps (1983)

KpnI and SstI fragments representing 96% of the varicella-zoster virus genome, including the termini, were cloned in plasmid vector pAT153. The clones were used to derive maps of virion DNA for SstI, KpnI, XhoI, PvuII, EcoRI and SalI by molecular hybridization and restriction endonuclease digestion.
Part of Our Culture is Born Digital - On Efforts to Preserve it for Future Generations (2001)

The Internet has already established itself as one of the key information and communication media of our time. With Internet-specific types of information representation and art evolving, and with social groups forming in cyberspace, the Internet and its content is turning into an important part of our cultural heritage. This new digital cultural heritage is deemed worth preserving by an increasing number of initiatives, aiming at providing access to our contemporary Internet for future generations. Numerous challenges have to be addressed in the creation of any such archive, concerning the acquisition of data, its long term storage and preservation, as well as access provision. In this paper we provide an overview of the most prominent challenges encountered with respect to archiving the Internet and discuss possible solutions. We furthermore present a report on AOLA, the Austrian initiative of creating an on-line archive.
Basement membrane abnormalities in human eyes with diabetic retinopathy. (1996)

Vascular and parenchymal basement membranes (BMs) are thickened in diabetes, but alterations in individual BM components in diabetic eyes, especially in diabetic retinopathy (DR), are obscure. To identify abnormalities in the distribution of specific constituents, we analyzed cryostat sections of human eyes obtained at autopsy (seven normal, five diabetic without DR, and 13 diabetic with DR) by immunofluorescence with antibodies to 30 BM and extracellular matrix components. In non-DR eyes, no qualitative changes of ocular BM components were seen. In some DR corneas, epithelial BM was stained discontinuously for laminin-1, entactin/nidogen, and alpha3-alpha4 Type IV collagen, in contrast to non-DR corneas. Major BM alterations were found in DR retinas compared to normals and non-DR diabetics. The inner limiting membrane (retinal BM) of DR eyes had accumulations of fibronectin (including cellular) and Types I, III, IV (alpha1-alpha2), and V collagen. The BM zone of new retinal blood vessels in neovascularized areas accumulated tenascin and Type XII collagen, whereas normal, diabetic, and adjacent DR retinas showed only weak and irregular staining. In preretinal membranes, perlecan, bamacan, and Types VI, VIII, XII, and XIV collagen were newly identified. Diabetic BM thickening appears to involve qualitative alterations of specific BM markers at an advanced disease stage, with the appearance of DR.
CD40-expressing carcinoma cells induce down-regulation of CD40 ligand (CD154) and impair T-cell functions. (2002)

The interaction of CD40 expressed by immunocompetent cells with its ligand CD154 on the surface of T-helper cells plays a crucial role in the immune response. Recently, the presence of CD40 was also demonstrated on a variety of carcinomas. Whereas the critical relevance of CD40 in cytotoxic T-cell priming via dendritic cells is already established, the biological role of CD40/CD154 interactions in nonhematopoetic cells is still unclear. In the present study we demonstrate that CD154 expression density is down-regulated on activated T cells on interaction with CD40+ tumor cells. Naive T cells cocultured with CD40+carcinoma showed impaired functionality as indicated by a reduced frequency of IFN-gamma secreting cells, reduced interleukin 2 secretion, impaired proliferation, and a lack of CD154 re-expression on restimulation. In distinction, T-cell effector lysing capacity was not impaired by CD40-expressing tumor cell targets. The present results suggest that in marked contrast to antigen-presenting cells, CD40 expression on carcinoma cells suppresses T-cell activation. Our findings support the statement that CD40 functions are context dependent and imply a new function for CD40 expressed on nonantigen-presenting cells.
원저 : 변증 진단 체계 개발 및 응용 연구 분석-한방 비만변증을 중심으로- (2014)

Objectives The purpose of this study is analyzing internal research trends of oriental obesity pattern identification in korean literature based on obesity pattern identification questionnaires, development and application of Pattern Identification System to help solve problems of future researches.Methods6 Korean databases were searched for articles of oriental obesity pattern iden-tification, irrespective of publication year and 13 studies were reviewed. An analytical meth-od such as descriptive statistics and an actual number and percentage was used. Results We collected 13 studies. 4 studies were published in 2012 and 2008, the highest number of studies. 7 Clinical studies were the major research method. The Studies were classified according to the characteristics and design. 5 studies were about research of analysis and improvement of oriental obesity pattern identification questionnaire, the most number of studies. 4 studies were about research of observational studies in clinical on obe-sity pattern identification. 3 studies were about research of intervention studies in clinical on obesity pattern identification and 1 study was about clinical practice recommendation. Conclusions Establishment of obesity pattern identification system and its clinical appli-cation could lead to standardizing obesity pattern identification and clinical practice guideline. Applied on other diseases, obesity pattern identification system could also lead to improving treatment rate, contributing to the development of clinical practice guidelines and academic field of research. (J Korean Med Rehab 2014;24(2):107-114)
TGFβ<sub>1</sub>–Endo180‐dependent collagen deposition is dysregulated at the tumour–stromal interface in bone metastasis (2011)

Cellular niches in adult tissue can harbour dysregulated microenvironments that become the driving force behind disease progression. The major environmental change when metastatic cells arrive in the bone is the destruction of mineralized type I collagen matrix. Once metastatic niches establish in bone, the invading tumour cells initiate a vicious cycle of osteolytic lesion formation via the dysregulation of paracrine signals and uncoupling of normal bone resorption and production. Here we report that the collagen receptor Endo180 (CD280, MRC2, uPARAP) participates in collagen deposition by primary human osteoblasts during de novo osteoid formation. This newly recognized function of Endo180 was suppressed in osteoblasts following heterotypic direct cell-cell contact in co-culture with prostate tumour cells. Reciprocal Endo180 up-regulation in osteolytic prostate tumour cells (PC3 and DU145) followed their direct contact with osteoblasts and promoted de novo collagen internalization, which is a previously characterized function of the constitutively recycling Endo180 receptor. The osteoblastic suppression and tumour cell-associated enhancement of Endo180 expression were equally sustained in these direct co-cultures. These findings are the first to demonstrate that increased tumour cell participation in collagen degradation and decreased collagen formation by osteoblasts in the osteolytic microenvironment are linked to the divergent regulation of a collagen-binding receptor. Immunohistochemical analysis of core biopsies from bone metastasis revealed higher levels of Endo180 expression in tumour cell foci than cells in the surrounding stroma. Additional experiments in prostate cell-osteoblast co-cultures indicate that divergent regulation of Endo180 is the result of dysregulated TGFβ1 signalling. The findings of this study provide a rationale for targeting collagen remodelling by Endo180 in bone metastases and other collagen matrix pathologies.
Lifelong GAN: Continual Learning for Conditional Image Generation (2019)

Lifelong learning is challenging for deep neural networks due to their susceptibility to catastrophic forgetting. Catastrophic forgetting occurs when a trained network is not able to maintain its ability to accomplish previously learned tasks when it is trained to perform new tasks. We study the problem of lifelong learning for generative models, extending a trained network to new conditional generation tasks without forgetting previous tasks, while assuming access to the training data for the current task only. In contrast to state-of-the-art memory replay based approaches which are limited to label-conditioned image generation tasks, a more generic framework for continual learning of generative models under different conditional image generation settings is proposed in this paper. Lifelong GAN employs knowledge distillation to transfer learned knowledge from previous networks to the new network. This makes it possible to perform image-conditioned generation tasks in a lifelong learning setting. We validate Lifelong GAN for both image-conditioned and label-conditioned generation tasks, and provide qualitative and quantitative results to show the generality and effectiveness of our method.
Truncating mutation of the<i>DFNB59</i>gene causes cochlear hearing impairment and central vestibular dysfunction (2007)

We have identified a consanguineous family from Morocco segregating autosomal recessive congenital progressive hearing loss (ARNSHL) and retinal degeneration. Detailed clinical investigation of the six siblings revealed combined severe cone-rod dystrophy (CORD) and severe/profound hearing impairment in two of them, while there is isolated CORD in three and nonsyndromic profound hearing loss in one. We therefore assumed a partial overlap of two nonsyndromic autosomal recessive conditions instead of a monogenic syndrome and performed genomewide linkage analysis. The disease loci were mapped to chromosome 2q31.1-2q32.1 for ARNSHL and to 2q13-2q14.1 for CORD, respectively. The retinal phenotype was shown to be due to homozygosity for a novel splice site mutation, c.2189+1G>T, in the retinitis pigmentosa gene MERTK. The ARNSHL interval comprised the DFNB59 locus. The DFNB59 gene has been identified recently, and two missense mutations (p.R183W and p.T54I) have been shown to cause auditory neuropathy in both humans and transgenic mice. Mutation screening in the DFNB59 gene in our family revealed homozygosity for a 1-bp insertion in exon 2 (c.113_114insT), predicting a truncated protein of 47 amino acids, in all three hearing impaired subjects. This is the first description of biallelic putative loss-of-function of the DFNB59 gene. Detailed audiological investigation clearly indicated hair cell dysfunction and, in contrast to cases reported previously, excluded auditory neuropathy. We show that besides otoferlin (OTOF), DFNB59 is the second known gene in which mutations can result in these two distinct forms of hearing impairment. Moreover, all patients in our family with homozygosity for the DFNB59 mutation display central vestibular dysfunction.
Two New Triterpenes of the Fungus Ganoderma lucidum (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwo New Triterpenes of the Fungus Ganoderma lucidumMing-Shi Shiao, Lee-Juian Lin, Sheau-Farn Yeh, and Cheng-Shiang ChouCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1987, 50, 5, 886–890Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50053a019https://doi.org/10.1021/np50053a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views317Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Loss-aware Weight Quantization of Deep Networks (2018)

The huge size of deep networks hinders their use in small computing devices. In this paper, we consider compressing the network by weight quantization. We extend a recently proposed loss-aware weight binarization scheme to ternarization, with possibly different scaling parameters for the positive and negative weights, and m-bit (where m > 2) quantization. Experiments on feedforward and recurrent neural networks show that the proposed scheme outperforms state-of-the-art weight quantization algorithms, and is as accurate (or even more accurate) than the full-precision network.
Defective prostaglandin synthesis by C3H/HeJ mouse macrophages stimulated with endotoxin preparations (1979)

Macrophages obtained from C3H/HeN mice produced significant amounts of prostaglandin E when exposed to phenol-extracted lipopolysaccharides (LPS), whereas macrophages from C3H/HeJ mice were unresponsive. The lipid A fraction from phenol-extracted LPS was an effective inducer or prostaglandin synthesis by macrophages from C3H/HeN mice. The polysaccharide portion of the LPS molecule had no effect. In contrast, the C3H/HeJ macrophages did not produce prostaglandin E in response to the lipid A moiety of phenol-extracted LPS. LPS prepared by butanol extraction stimulated the production of prostaglandin E by macrophages from both C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ mice. The component of butanol-extracted LPS that stimulated the C3H/HeJ macrophages was shown to be a lipid A-associated protein. Further studies demonstrated a correlation between prostaglandin production by the macrophages of these two strains of mice in response to butanol- and phenol-extracted LPS and the lethal effects of the endotoxin preparations.
Ionic/Electronic Conducting Characteristics of LiFePO[sub 4] Cathode Materials (2007)

The ion diffusion coefficient of lithium iron phosphate cathode materials should not be measured by the standard method because there is no composition variation but the movement of the interface during Li insertion/extraction. A method to measure the intrinsic electronic and ionic conductivity of mixed conductive was reported, for the first time, based on the conductivity measurements of mixed conductive solid electrolyte using blocking electrodes. The conductivities of the three materials (mixed electronic/ionic conductor, electronic conductor, and ionic conductor), were measured using the proposed method, and the electronic and ionic conductivities were linked with their electrochemical reaction kinetics and rate capabilities. These samples have the same X-ray diffraction crystal structure and similar particle size, but different rate performance due to the difference in the ionic/electronic conductivity. The rate performance of the mixed electronic/ionic conductive is much higher than that of the electronic conductive and the ionic conductive .