gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chromone: A Valid Scaffold in Medicinal Chemistry (2014)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTChromone: A Valid Scaffold in Medicinal ChemistryAlexandra Gaspar†‡, Maria João Matos†‡, Jorge Garrido†§, Eugenio Uriarte‡, and Fernanda Borges*†View Author Information† CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal‡ Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago of Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain§ Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering (ISEP), Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal*E-mail: [email protected]. Phone: +351 220 402 560. Fax: +351 220 402 009.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2014, 114, 9, 4960–4992Publication Date (Web):February 21, 2014Publication History Received14 May 2013Published online21 February 2014Published inissue 14 May 2014https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr400265zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr400265zreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2014 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views11583Altmetric-Citations564LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Cells,Inhibitors,Peptides and proteins,Reaction products,Scaffolds Get e-Alerts
Magnetoelectric interactions in bilayers of yttrium iron garnet and lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate: Evidence for strong coupling in single crystals and epitaxial films (2005)

The nature of low-frequency magnetoelectric (ME) coupling has been investigated in bilayers of single crystal lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) and yttrium iron garnet (YIG). Samples with (001) PMN-PT and polycrystalline, single crystal, or epitaxial thin films of YIG were studied. The ME coupling is the weakest in bilayers with polycrystalline YIG. A dramatic strengthening of ME interactions occurs in samples with single crystal (111) YIG. The strongest ME coupling occurs in bilayers with (110) epitaxial YIG film. The voltage coefficients show significant variation with the orientation of the bias magnetic field H; it is maximum for H‖⟨1i¯1⟩ and is minimum for H‖⟨001⟩. The transverse coefficient increases linearly with increasing thickness of YIG film. Data analysis reveals that strong magnetomechanical coupling in thin film YIG is the cause of enhancement in the ME coupling.
Quantitative morphology of the corpus callosum in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (1994)

This finding supports theories of abnormal frontal lobe development and function in ADHD.
Biobehavioral pain profile: development and psychometric properties (1994)

Although a number of self-report indices that measure intensity and psychosocial components of the pain experience are available, these measures do not assess the range of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological reactions frequently associated with pain. This paper describes the initial determination of the psychometric properties of the Biobehavioral Pain Profile (BPP) developed to measure these reactions. The BPP is a 41-item self-report scale tested in a sample of 617 subjects with chronic recurrent pain, chronic non-malignant pain or chronic malignant pain. Kaiser's measure of sampling adequacy was 0.918. Factor analysis revealed 6 theoretically meaningful factors: Environmental Influences, Loss of Control, Health Care Avoidance, Past and Current Experience, Physiological Responsivity, and Thoughts of Disease Progression. Cronbach's alpha scores for the specific subscales ranged from r = 0.77 to r = 0.94. Test-retest reliability for the scales ranged from 0.57 to 0.73. Low correlations among the BPP and general indices of fear, depression, anxiety, body consciousness and social desirability are reported. The BPP appears to provide a unique composite assessment of self-report of behavioral, physiological, and cognitive reactions to pain experienced by individuals with a wide range of pain problems.
Field Tests of Exercise Capacity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2015)

Exercise intolerance is a common symptom in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and reflects not only cardiorespiratory status, but global disease severity and prognosis. Evaluating exercise capacity allows the monitoring of disease trajectory and response to intervention. Although formal cardiopulmonary metabolic exercise testing provides a wealth of physiological information, this is impractical in some settings. Field tests, which do not require specialist equipment and expertise, are widely used as surrogates. This review examines established and emerging field tests of exercise capacity, and examines the evidence supporting the validity, reliability, and interpretation of these tests in the assessment of individuals with COPD. The 6-minute walk, incremental shuttle walk, and endurance shuttle walk tests have well-established psychometric properties in COPD. Nonetheless, issues with the time and space required to perform these tests prevent widespread implementation across all health care settings. A range of simpler and shorter functional tests are emerging in COPD, which are suited to most clinical settings including the bedside. These include the 4-meter gait speed, sit-to-stand tests, the Short Physical Performance Battery, and the Stair Climb Power Test. Data on the psychometric properties of these emerging tests are variable in COPD populations and are currently strongest for the 4-meter gait speed and 5-sit-to-stand test. In summary, exercise capacity is an important outcome measure in COPD. There are several well-established and validated field walking tests that reflect exercise capacity. Simpler tests are emerging, which will allow the routine measurement of exercise capacity at the bedside or in home settings.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Potent Benzimidazolone Derivatives (2010)

Some benzimidazolone derivatives containing piperidine ring derivatives were synthesized and characterization was done by CHN analysis, IR, Mass and 1H NMR spectral data. The benzimidazolone derivatives were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against both grampositive and gram-negative bacteria. The bacterial strengths were E. coli, B. subtilis, B. megaterium, P. fluorescens and found good results.
Plants of Current Interest (1934)

LAXTs OF CrRREXT IxTEREST.I'liE wami Weather of tlie past fort-A nioht lias luirried many plants into bloom and the Arboretum is now in the hei<i'ht of its sjirino-olory.Thouo-h that olory is this year somewhat dimmed by the ravao es of last winter, some of tlie eolleetions are in fine eondition.'Fhe lilaes ]iromise well.Tlie earlier flowered Sj/rii/ga ohiata and its hybrids with the eommon lilae are in full bloom
Fast text classification: a training-corpus pruning based approach (2003)

With the rapid growth of on-line information available, text classification is becoming more and more important. kNN is a widely used text classification method of high performance. However, this method is inefficient because it requires a large amount of computation for evaluating the similarity between a test document and each training document. In this paper, we propose a fast kNN text classification approach based on pruning the training corpus. By using this approach, the size of training corpus can be condensed sharply so that time-consuming on kNN searching can be cut off significantly, and consequently classification efficiency can be improved substantially while classification performance is preserved comparable to that of without pruning. Effective, algorithm for text corpus pruning is designed. Experiments over the Reuters corpus are carried out, which validate the practicability of the proposed approach. Our approach is especially suitable for on-line text classification applications.
Acute amphetamine abuse (1979)

A case of unsuspected acute amphetamine abuse by a 22-year-old girl which led to serious intracranial hypertension during anaesthesia for a neurosurgical procedure is described. It was difficult to maintained anaesthesia with an intermittent positive-pressure ventilation technique using muscle relaxants, N2O and O2 and supplements of fentanyl despite large doses of pancuronium and fentanyl. The differing effects of chronic and acute amphetamine dosage on anaesthetic requirements are reviewed.
Crossover from Electronic to Atomic Shell Structure in Alkali Metal Nanowires (2001)

After making a cold weld by pressing two clean metal surfaces together, upon gradually separating the two pieces a metallic nanowire is formed, which progressively thins down to a single atom before contact is lost. In previous experiments we have observed that the stability of such nanowires is influenced by electronic shell filling effects, in analogy to shell effects in metal clusters. For sodium and potassium at larger diameters there is a crossover to crystalline wires with shell closings corresponding to the completion of additional atomic layers. This observation completes the analogy between shell effects observed for clusters and nanowires.
Viscoelastic and Structural Properties of a Phenyl-Modified Polysiloxane System with a Three-Dimensional Structure (2006)

The relationships between the viscoelastic and structural properties of glass-forming materials with polysiloxane bonds, which serve as network formers, and phenyl groups, which act as network terminators, are examined based on shear viscoelasticity, (29)Si MAS NMR, and GPC measurements during the early stages of the network-forming process. The viscosities of the present samples do not depend on the frequency at temperatures up to 200 degrees C, suggesting that the origin of the viscous flow does not include intermolecular entanglement. According to the results of the strain dependence of the elastic modulus, the bridging-oxygen number, and molecular weight, the present polysiloxane system has a complex structure, or distribution of various-sized molecules composed of a polysiloxane network with various dimensionalities, and furthermore an elementary process of the viscosity is simple flow of these molecules. The structural factors that determine the viscosity and its temperature dependence are categorized into the molecular size and the intramolecular structure by using a theory based on the free-volume model. The relationship between the viscosity and the structure around the glass transition temperature is quantitatively examined and it is concluded that introducing larger numbers of Ph groups makes the viscosity less sensitive to structural factors.
Field-coupled nanomagnets for logic applications (2005)

Nanomagnets that exhibit only two stable states of magnetization can be used to store digital bits. This concept is already applied in today’s magnetic random access memories. Interacting networks of such nanomagnets with physical spacing on the order of 10 nm between them have been proposed to propagate and process binary information by means of magnetic coupling. These networks, called magnetic quantum-dot cellular automata (MQCA), offer very low power dissipation and high integration density of functional devices. In addition, MQCA can operate over a wide temperature range from sub-Kelvin to the Curie temperature of the applied ferromagnetic material. We demonstrate room temperature operation of logic gates made of NiFe alloy and fabricated by electron-beam lithography on silicon. Dipolar ordering in the nanomagnet-networks is imaged by magnetic force microscopy, and the operation is explained by means of micromagnetic simulations.
Absorption Equilibrium and Kinetics for Ethylene−Ethane Separation with a Novel Solvent (2005)

A novel solvent system consisting of CuCl/aniline/n-methyl pyrrolidone was evaluated for the reactive absorption of ethylene. Equilibrium olefin loadings significantly exceeded physical solubility values. The equilibrium ethylene−ethane selectivity was a strong function of the gas phase total pressure. Kinetic behavior was accurately described by an instantaneous reversible mechanism. The solvent exhibited acceptable chemical stability during the experimental tests.
Development of Anti-HIV Agents Targeting Dynamic Supramolecular Mechanism: Entry and Fusion Inhibitors Based on CXCR4/CCR5 Antagonists and gp41-C34-Remodeling Peptides (2005)

A molecular mechanism involved both in HIV-entry and -fusion steps has been disclosed in detail: The interaction of an HIV envelope protein, gp120, with chemokine receptors, CXCR4 and CCR5, which were identified as major co-receptors in association with CD4, triggers conformational changes in the gp120-gp41 (another envelope protein) complex, and subsequently forms the trimer-of-hairpins structure of gp41 followed by virus-cell membrane fusion. The elucidation of the above dynamic supramolecular mechanism in HIV-entry and -fusion has provided insights into new type of drugs that can block HIV infection. Based on this, we have developed not only coreceptor antagonists (1) but also fusion inhibitors (2). (1) Potent CXCR4 antagonists, T22 and T140, have been developed through the structure-activity relationship studies on tachyplesins and polyphemusins that are horseshoe crabs' antimicrobial peptides. T22, which was initially found to bind gp120 and CD4, and T140 selectively suppress T-cell line-tropic HIV-1 (X4-HIV-1) entry based on their specific binding to CXCR4. Furthermore, molecular-size reduction of T140 using cyclic pentapeptide templates brought us to find low molecular weight CXCR4 antagonists, such as FC131. (2) Artificial remodeling of a gp41 fragment, C34, has led to development of strong inhibitors of HIV-fusion into cells. These fusion inhibitors effectively block the formation of the trimer-of-hairpins structure of gp41. HIV-entry/fusion inhibitors such as CXCR4 antagonists and C34 analogs would improve the clinical chemotherapy of AIDS and HIV-infected patients. This review article focuses on our recent research on the development of the above two types of inhibitors, including comparative studies with several CXCR4 antagonists besides T22/T140-related compounds and other fusion inhibitors such as Fuzeon (T-20).
Oxidation Catalysts for Elemental Mercury in Flue Gases—A Review (2012)

The removal of mercury from flue gases in scrubbers is greatly facilitated if the mercury is present as water-soluble oxidized species. Therefore, increased mercury oxidation upstream of scrubber devices will improve overall mercury removal. For this purpose heterogeneous catalysts have recently attracted a great deal of interest. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR), noble metal and transition metal oxide based catalysts have been investigated at both the laboratory and plant scale with this objective. A review article published in 2006 covers the progress in the elemental mercury (Hgel) catalytic oxidation area. This paper brings the review in this area up to date. To this end, 110 papers including several reports and patents are reviewed. For each type of catalyst the possible mechanisms as well as the effect of flue gas components on activity and stability are examined. Advantages and main problems are analyzed. The possible future directions of catalyst development in this environmental research area are outlined.
Handwashing compliance: What works? (2001)

Antiseptic products are now preferred over handwashing with plain soap, which does not reliably prevent transmission of bacteria. Because 100% compliance may not be realistic, interventions that improve compliance, such as the use of alcohol sanitizing products when handwashing is not possible, may be the best solution. A number of barriers deter compliance, including lack of access to handwashing stations and lack of time. Gloves are not a substitute for handwashing because they are not fully protective.
Protein kinase D and keratinocyte proliferation (2004)

Keratinocytes undergo a distinct pattern of proliferation and differentiation that is essential for the function of the skin as a protective barrier. Defects in the equilibrium between proliferation and differentiation compromise the skin's barrier function and give rise to human diseases such as psoriasis and nonmelanoma skin cancer. The identification of protein kinase C (PKC) as a major cellular target for tumor-promoting phorbol esters suggested the involvement of this enzyme in the regulation of keratinocyte proliferation and tumorigenesis; however, results have demonstrated the existence in keratinocytes and other cell types of another diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-responsive protein kinase: protein kinase D (PKD) in mouse, also known as PKC micro in humans. Although numerous data suggest the importance of PKD/PKC micro in processes related to proliferation in many cell types, including keratinocytes, there are no specific inhibitors of PKD currently available. Current treatment strategies for hyperproliferative skin disorders are often suboptimal, either because of lack of efficacy or because of contraindications due to deleterious side effects or aesthetic considerations. Thus, PKD/PKC micro may represent a novel target for the development of new and more efficacious drug treatments for hyperproliferative skin disorders.
Flexible AMOLED backplane using pentacene TFT (2005)

In this paper we fabricated a panel consisting of an array of organic TFTs (OTFT) and organic LEDs (OLED) in order to demonstrate the possible application of OTFTs to flexible active matrix OLED (AMOLED). The panel was composed of 64×64 pixels on 4 inch size PET substrate in which each pixel had one OTFT integrated with one green OLED. The panel successfully demonstrated to display some letters and pictures by emitting green light with luminance of 20 cd/m<sup>2</sup> at 6 V, which was controlled by the gate voltage of OTFT. In addition we also developed fabrication processes for pentacene TFT with PVP gate on PET substrate. The OTFTs produced the maximum mobility of 1.2 cm<sup>2</sup>/V•sec and on/off current ratio of 2×106.
Stimulus locking and feature selectivity prevail in complementary frequency ranges of V1 local field potentials (2004)

The local field potential (LFP) is a population measure of neuronal activity complementary to spike trains. Whereas the response properties of the spiking activity in the visual cortex have been characterized extensively, the responses of the LFP have not been well explored. No coherent picture exists about which frequency ranges exhibit feature tuning or show stimulus locked activity. Addressing this, we recorded LFP in the primary visual cortex of alert cats and calculated the tuning indices for orientation, spatial and temporal frequency. Furthermore, we quantified the locking of the power in different LFP frequency bands to the velocity profile of artificial and natural stimuli. We found that the LFP in alert animals is well tuned with similar specificity to orientation, spatial frequency and temporal frequency. Tuning to these features is most prominent in two frequency bands (8-23 Hz and 39-109 Hz). In two complementary frequency bands (23-39 Hz and above 109 Hz) the dynamics of the LFP power is locked tightly to the temporal structure of the stimulus. This locking is furthermore independent of the spatial structure of the stimulus. Together these four frequency bands cover the whole frequency range investigated. In contrast to previous studies, which often reported correlates of visual processing only in a limited frequency range of the LFP, the present results suggest that the entire frequency range of the LFP can be assigned a role in visual processing.
Cloning of mouse ptx3, a new member of the pentraxin gene family expressed at extrahepatic sites (1996)

Pentraxins, which include C reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P component (SAP), are prototypic acute phase reactants that serve as indicators of inflammatory reactions. Here we report genomic and cDNA cloning of mouse ptx3 (mptx3), a member of the pentraxin gene family and characterize its extrahepatic expression in vitro and in vivo. mptx3 is organized into three exons on chromosome 3: the first (43 aa) and second exon (175 aa) code for the signal peptide and for a protein portion with no high similarity to known sequences the third (203 aa) for a domain related to classical pentraxins, which contains the "pentraxin family signature." Analysis of the N terminal portion predicts a predominantly alpha helical structure, while the pentraxin domain of ptx3 is accommodated comfortably in the tertiary structure fold of SAP. Normal and transformed fibroblasts, undifferentiated and differentiated myoblasts, normal endothelial cells, and mononuclear phagocytes express mptx3 mRNA and release the protein in vitro on exposure to interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha. mptx3 was induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide in vivo in a variety of organs and, most strongly, in the vascular endothelium of skeletal muscle and heart. Thus, mptx3 shows a distinct pattern of in vivo expression indicative of a significant role in cardiovascular and inflammatory pathology.
Incremental-redundancy transmission for meteor-burst communications (1991)

The performance of type-II hybrid automatic repeat request (ARQ) is compared to that of fixed-rate type-I hybrid ARQ for meteor-burst communications. Maximum throughput is obtained for meteor-burst communications by using a transmission scheme for which the information rate of the code, varies in response to the fluctuations in the power received from a meteor trail. For type-II hybrid ARQ, a variation in the code rate is inherent in the coding scheme. On the first transmission that is made for a data block, a code of relatively high rate is used, but if an additional transmission is required, only redundant symbols are sent, and this reduces the overall rate of the code. The performance measure is the throughput per trail, which is defined as the expected number of successfully received information bits for a given meteor trail. The authors also develop an approximation for the average value of the throughput, averaged over the parameters of the meteor trail. Numerical results for Reed-Solomon codes are included to illustrate the relative performance of the various schemes. It is shown that the throughput is larger for type-II hybrid ARQ than for either fixed-rate type-I hybrid ARQ or ARQ without forward-error-correction.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
… and intervention (1971)

We support all the suggestions that Mr Williamson has made in his booklet, but unfortunately it was written for a more interventionist government than we now have. The urgent problem is how to bring about some of the changes needed in spite of the government's hands-off attitude.
Rupture of the Rotator Cuff of the Shoulder:<i>Experiences of Surgical Treatment</i> (1968)

(1968). Rupture of the Rotator Cuff of the Shoulder: Experiences of Surgical Treatment. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica: Vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 477-492.