gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reaction of azoles with ethyl bromopyruvate oxime: alkylation by substitution and by elimination–addition (1987)

Ethyl bromopyruvate oxime (1a) reacts with imidazole, 1-methylimidazole, pyrazole, 3-methylpyrazole, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, and 1,2,4-triazole to give products of N-alkylation of the azoles. The rates of reaction of (1a) with imidazole, 1-methylimidazole, and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole are much faster than with the other azoles. The O-alkylated oxime (1b) reacts much more slowly than (1a) with imidazole and with 3,5-dimethylpyrazole. Imidazole is shown to be a strong enough base to eliminate HBr from the bromo oxime (1a), and the reaction of pyrazole with (1a) is greatly accelerated when an external base (sodium carbonate) is added. As a result, it is concluded that the more basic azoles, with pKa, values above 4, react with (1a) by an elimination–addition mechanism whereas the others react by direct displacement of bromide. Related reactions of imidazole and of 1,2,4-triazole with ethyl chloro(hydroxyimino)acetate have also been carried out and the N-substituted azoles (12), (13), and (14) have been isolated.
Layered Nanocomposite of Close-Packed Gold Nanoparticles and TiO<sub>2</sub> Gel Layers (1998)

Nanocomposite films of gold nanoparticles and TiO2 gel have been successfully prepared by combination of a surface sol−gel technique and layer-by-layer assembly. Thanks to surface hydroxyl groups of gold nanoperticles, gold particles were deposited as close-packed monolayers on TiO2 gel layers. The resulting nanocomposite contained ca. 50 wt % of gold. Multilayer films were successfully prepared by alternate assembly of TiO2 gel and gold nanoparticles.
Semiconductor three-dimensional and two-dimensional photonic crystals and devices (2002)

Semiconductor three-dimensional (3-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystals and their effects on the control of photons are investigated for possible applications to optical chip and functional devices. First we review our approaches creating full 3-D photonic bandgap crystals at near-infrared wavelengths, and also functional devices based on 2-D photonic crystals where the focus is on surface-emitting-type channel-drop filtering devices utilizing single defects in 2-D photonic crystal slabs. Then, we describe the recent progress on 3- and 2-D crystals. On 3-D crystals, the effect of the introduction of a light emitter into the 3-D photonic crystal is investigated, and the design of a single defect cavity is performed. On the 2-D photonic crystals, the photonic states are investigated from the perspective of their polarization properties.
Fmoc Solid-Phase Synthesis of Peptide Thioesters Using an Intramolecular<i>N</i>,<i>S</i>-Acyl Shift (2005)

[reaction: see text] We describe the Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of peptide thioesters based on the alkylation of the safety-catch sulfonamide linker with a protected 2-mercaptoethanol derivative. The thioester is generated on the solid phase after the peptide chain assembly as a consequence of an intramolecular N,S-acyl shift. Depending on the stability of the spacer separating the sulfonamide linker from the resin toward TFA, treatment of the peptidyl resin with TFA led to a soluble or supported deprotected thioester.
An IPv6 Proactive Network Defense Model Based on Multi-homing Hopping (2013)

该文利用IPv6多穴技术，借鉴跳频通信的跳变思想，提出多穴跳变的概念，将主机的地址在网络提供的多个地址域内动态变化，增大攻击者地址搜索范围，增大攻击者流量监听难度。在此基础上，建立了IPv6主动防御模型。给出了双重随机地址生成算法，保证了地址的随机性，给出了快速切换和过保留两个地址切换策略，保证了地址切换过程中通信持续有效。从地址和流量两方面对模型的安全性进行了理论分析，从功能和性能两方面对模型进行了实验测试。理论分析与实验测试结果表明所提出的模型可有效提高攻击者开销，保护网络安全。
Lateral Pupil Alignment Tolerance in Peripheral Refractometry (2011)

Tolerance to lateral pupil alignment error decreases strongly in the periphery compared with the greater tolerance in central refraction. Thus, precise alignment of the entrance pupil with the instrument axis is critical for accurate and reliable peripheral refraction.
Novelly developed three-dimensional carbon scaffold anodes from polyacrylonitrile for microbial fuel cells (2015)

Novel three-dimensional open-celled carbon scaffold anodes for microbial fuel cells were prepared by carbonizing the microcellular polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and PAN/graphite composites.
Election Law: Limitations on Independent PACs Held Unconstitutional. Federal Election Commission v. National Conservative Political Action Committee, 105 S. Ct. 1459 (1985) (1985)

committee with respect to the eligible candidates of a political party for President and Vice President in a presidential election knowingly and willfully to incur expenditures to further the election of such candidates, which would constitute qualified campaign expenses if incurred by an authorized committee of such candidates, in an aggregate amount exceeding $1,000 ... It further provides for criminal penalties in the form of fines and imprisonment for violators of this section.A political committee shall be fined up to $5,000 for violation
Evaluation of a Fingerprint Identification Algorithm with SIFT Features (2012)

In fingerprint identification, the short identification time is a crucial need. The identification time can be estimated according to the number of conducted matching processes multiplied by the consumed time by a single matching process. The Matching Score Matrix is an existing identification algorithm that reduces the number of matching processes. This paper evaluates the algorithm with the features extracted from fingerprint images by SIFT. The processing time and the accuracy are compared with those of the straightforward method based on the linear search. The evaluation results prove the applicability of the algorithm to fingerprint identification using SIFT features.
Schistosomicides. 2. Derivatives of 2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrazino[1,2-.alpha.]quinoline (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSchistosomicides. 2. Derivatives of 2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-pyrazino[1,2-.alpha.]quinolineC. A. R. Baxter and H. C. RichardsCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1972, 15, 4, 351–356Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00274a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00274a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views98Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Factors in Successful Deglutition following Supraglottic Laryngeal Surgery (1982)

Aspiration is the major problem in deglutition associated with conservation laryngeal surgery. Closure of the glottic sphincter, depression of the epiglottis over the laryngeal inlet, elevation of the thyrohyoid complex under cover of the base of the tongue and appropriate relaxation of the cricopharyngeal muscle to permit unobstructed passage of food into the esophagus are important mechanisms that prevent food from entering the trachea. Partial laryngeal surgery can interfere with one or a combination of these mechanisms. Analysis of the records of all evaluable patients who underwent horizontal supraglottic resections from January 1976 to June 1981 was undertaken. The incidence of deglutition problems is reported. In addition, the effects of resection or preservation of the hyoid, arytenoid, base of tongue and branches of the vagus and the effect of cricopharyngeal myotomy upon ultimate swallowing function are analyzed.
Low latency digital regenerator for dual polarization QAM signals (2015)

We proposed a regenerator for dual polarization QAM signals applying oeo conversion and regeneration in the digital domain without intermediate FEC. We demonstrate a 6.1 dB gain in required effective OSNR at 7 regenerations and transmission over huge distances for QPSK and 16QAM.
Chemically pumped oxygen-iodine laser (1990)

The present status of the chemical oxygen-iodine laser is discussed. The pertinent processes occurring in the chemical O2 generator, the O2(1Delta) transport region, and the nozzle are reviewed. The energy transfer kinetics, laser gain, and the performance and device efficiency are examined.
HyDA-Vista: towards optimal guided selection of k-mer size for sequence assembly (2014)

HyDA-Vista is freely available 1. The code for constructing the maximal sequence landscape and choosing the optimal value of k for each read is also separately available on the website and could be incorporated into any genome assembler.
Problem pumps: a thing of the past (2012)

Widely accepted statistics point to around 7% of a plant's process pumps consuming c. 60% of the maintenance funds allocated to its entire pump population. With repeat failures largely responsible, Heinz Bloch outlines successful failure avoidance actions that can be employed to extend the mean time between failures.
Effect of Local Anisotropy Fluctuation on the Permeability of Multilayered Co-Zr-Mo-Ni Amorphous Films (1988)

To evaluate the magnetic inhomogeneities normally represented as magnetic skew and ripple, a systematic experimental investigation was carried out using the dynamic differential susceptibility measurement proposed by H. Hoffmann for multilayered CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">79</sub> Zr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sub> Mo <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sub> Ni <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> amorphous films. The influence of the local magnetic anisotropy on the effective permeability μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> of the films is broadly discussed in connection with the magnetic skew and ripple. The magnitude of the μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> in low frequency regions less than 1 MHz is strongly dependent on the degree of the long period fluctuation of the local magnetization direction (skew) and the magnitude of the anisotropy field. To realize excellent soft magnetic properties in films at high frequencies (10 MHz), it is suggested that the alleviation of magnetic inhomogeneities due to the short-period fluctuation of the local magnetization direction is important.
Combined Matched-Filter/Serial-Search Acquisition Concept for Direct-Sequence Systems (1987)

A commonly used method for the code acquisition phase in direct-sequence spread spectrum systems is serial-search of the relative positions of received signal and locally generated reference waveform in discrete steps of a fraction of a code chip. However, if no a priori timing information is available to the receiver, uniform search over the long pseudonoise code periods generally employed in anti-jam and anti-intercept communications may lead to acquisition times that are prohibitive. The initial uncertainty can be reduced with the aid of shorter code segments, which are processed in matched filters. In order to maintain low probability of exploitation by unintended parties, these code segments should be easily variable. Thus programmable matched filtering is required, which advantageously can be performed by surface acoustic wave (SAW) convolvers. This paper analyses the performance of a combined matched-filter/serial search rapid acquisition strategy, which is based on the application of SAW convolvers to preamble processing. Correct detection of the preamble reduces the uncertainty region for the subsequent serial-search to a few chips. The measure of performance for the combined search strategy is the overall mean acquisition time, which is calculated for an example system.
Human urinary macrophage colony-stimulating factor reduces the incidence and duration of febrile neutropenia and shortens the period required to finish three courses of intensive consolidation therapy in acute myeloid leukemia: a double-blind controlled study. (1997)

M-CSF significantly reduced the incidence and duration of febrile neutropenia during the intensive consolidation therapy, and shortened the time to complete consolidation chemotherapy in AML.
Largest Weighted Delay First Scheduling: Large Deviations and Optimality (2001)

We consider a single server system with N input flows. We assume that each flow has stationary increments and satisfies a sample path large deviation principle, and that the system is stable. We introduce the largest weighted delay first (LWDF) queueing discipline associated with any given weight vector α=(α1,...,αN). We show that under the LWDF discipline the sequence of scaled stationary distributions of the delay \(\hat{w}_{i}\) of each flow satisfies a large deviation principle with the rate function given by a finite- dimensional optimization problem. We also prove that the LWDF discipline is optimal in the sense that it maximizes the quantity $$\min_{i= 1,\space ...,\space N}\left[α_i \lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{−1}{n}\log P(\hat{w}_i>n)\right],$$ within a large class of work conserving disciplines.
Environmental, developmental, and genetic factors controlling root system architecture (2014)

A better understanding of the development and architecture of roots is essential to develop strategies to increase crop yield and optimize agricultural land use. Roots control nutrient and water uptake, provide anchoring and mechanical support and can serve as important storage organs. Root growth and development is under tight genetic control and modulated by developmental cues including plant hormones and the environment. This review focuses on root architecture and its diversity and the role of environment, nutrient, and water as well as plant hormones and their interactions in shaping root architecture.
Modification of silica surfaces for CZE by adsorption of non‐ionic hydrophilic polymers or use of radial electric fields (1992)

Abstract Polyvinylalcohols (PVA) and hydroxyethylcelluloses (HEC) have been used as additives in cyclodextrin‐modified capillary zone electrophoretic chiral separations of aromatic amines such as tocainide and its analogs in unpretreated 50 μm i.d. fused silica capillaries. The additives were used at low concentrations (<0.05%) in common buffers, together with the γ‐cyclodextrin as chiral selector. They reduce the electroosmotic flow, i.e. increase the migration times of the analytes in these chiral separations, and, moreover, considerably improve both peak symmetry and the widths of the peaks relative to migration time. In terms of the chromatographic theory of efficiency, more than 200000 theoretical plates can be achieved with unpretreated fused silica capillaries. This enhancement of efficiency arises because adsorptive “dynamic” coating with the hydroxylic modifier molecules suppresses adsorption of the analyte molecules by the capillary walls. The influence of field strength and buffer composition on the separation efficiency attainable with and without modifier in the buffers has also been investigated. Alternative experiments on the influence of analyte adsorption on efficiency have been performed by superimposing radial electric fields on the capillary to modify the ζ potentials. Although the EOF could be freely adjusted, it was not possible to obtain an improvement in efficiency comparable with that furnished by coating the adsorptive surface with PVA or HEC.
Vaccination against type 1 angiotensin receptor prevents streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy (2015)

Overactivation of RAS plays a crucial role in the development of the DN. Our aim was to verify the effectiveness of ATRQβ-001 vaccine in STZ-induced DN. The ATRQβ-001 modulated two RAS axes and inhibited TGF-β1/Smad3 signal pathway. The vaccine therapy may provide a novel, safe, and promising method to treat DN.
Wavelength Defragmentation Algorithm for Transparent Multi-ring Networks with Multiple Fibers per Link (2013)

We propose a scalable and effective wavelength defragmentation algorithm that considers multiple fibers per link. The number of fibers is reduced by more than 14% in multi-ring-like networks based on numerical evaluation.
The Analysis of the Invaded Zone Characteristics and Their Influence on Wireline Log and Well-Test Interpretation (1984)

ABSTRACT This study examines the invasion of a hydrocarbon bearing formation by drilling fluid filtrate, and investigates, with the aid of a numerical model, the significance of capillary forces on the resulting displacement. It is observed that in high permeability zones, capillary imbibition can draw filtrate into the formation faster than it is lost through the filtercake, which is assumed to control the fluid loss rate. On the basis of conclusions drawn from the numerical study, the phenomena of supercharging (the difference between the water phase pressure at the sandface and the undisturbed formation pressure) has been reanalysed, and an equation recognising supercharging as a two phase problem is presented. Depending on the character of the displacement, supercharging in a hydrocarbon zone can be enhanced or reduced due to the presence of mud filtrate. A field example is used to validate the proposed theory, as well as to demonstrate how the down hole static fluid loss rate may be determined from repeat formation tester (RPT)* based measurements.
Increased structural and combinatorial diversity in an extended family of genes encoding Vlp surface proteins of Mycoplasma hyorhinis (1995)

Variable lipoproteins (Vlp) constitute the major coat protein of Mycoplasma hyorhinis. They are products of multiple, divergent, single-copy genes organized in a chromosomal cluster. Three genes, vlpA, vlpB, and vlpC, have been previously identified in clonal isolates of M. hyorhinis SK76. Each is linked to a characteristic promoter region containing a homopolymeric tract of adenine residues [poly(A) tract], subject to hypermutation, that transcriptionally controls phase variation of vlp genes and leads to combinatorial surface mosaics of distinct Vlp products. The size of the natural vlp gene repertoire is unknown but may critically determine the degree of structural and combinatorial diversity available in this species. In this study, the vlp repertoire of M. hyorhinis GDL-1 was characterized and shown to contain three additional genes, vlpD, vlpE, and vlpF, clustered with other known vlp genes in the order 5'-vlpD-vlpE-vlpF-IS-vlpA-IS-vlpB-vlpC+ ++-3', where IS represents copies of the IS1221 element of M. hyorhinis. The 5' boundary of this expanded family was identical to that of the more limited family 5'-vlpA-IS-vlpB-vlpC-3' previously described in a clonal isolate of strain SK76. A recombinant construct containing vlpD, vlpE, and vlpF expressed antigenically distinguishable products corresponding to each gene. These genes encode characteristic C-terminal repetitive regions that are subject to size variation by insertion or deletion of intragenic repeats but maintain an extended, charged structure. Each vlp gene also contained characteristic alternative open reading frames, which provide a potential reservoir of coding sequence for Vlp diversity, possibly recruited through insertion and/or deletion mutations. These findings demonstrate a vastly expanded potential for structural diversity and combinatorial display of surface mosaics on this organism and suggest that modulation of the vlp repertoire, possibly in conjunction with mobile elements, may determine the capacity for surface variation in natural populations and laboratory strains of this mycoplasma species.
Inducible protein degradation in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> using heterologous peptide tags and adaptor proteins to target substrates to the protease ClpXP (2008)

The ability to manipulate protein levels is useful for dissecting regulatory pathways, elucidating gene function and constructing synthetic biological circuits. We engineered an inducible protein degradation system for use in Bacillus subtilis based on Escherichia coli and Caulobacter crescentusssrA tags and SspB adaptors that deliver proteins to ClpXP for proteolysis. In this system, modified ssrA degradation tags are fused onto the 3' end of the genes of interest. Unlike wild-type ssrA, these modified tags require the adaptor protein SspB to target tagged proteins for proteolysis. In the absence of SspB, the tagged proteins accumulate to near physiological levels. By inducing SspB expression from a regulated promoter, the tagged substrates are rapidly delivered to the B. subtilis ClpXP protease for degradation. We used this system to degrade the reporter GFP and several native B. subtilis proteins, including, the transcription factor ComA, two sporulation kinases (KinA, KinB) and the sporulation and chromosome partitioning protein Spo0J. We also used modified E. coli and C. crescentus ssrA tags to independently control the degradation of two different proteins in the same cell. These tools will be useful for studying biological processes in B. subtilis and can potentially be modified for use in other bacteria.
Potential of Nicotiana kawakamii (Solanaceae) as a Trap Crop for Protecting Flue-Cured Tobacco from Damage by Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae (1998)

Nicotiana kawakamii Y. Ohashi is a wild relative of commercial tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L. Feeding experiments showed that tobacco budworm larvae, Heliothis virescens (F.), survive and develop as well on N. kawakamii as they do on flue-cured tobacco. Field-cage experiments demonstrated that N. kawakamii was preferred over flue-cured tobacco by ovipositing H. virescens moths. Thus, N. kawakamii was tested as a potential trap crop for protecting commercial tobacco fields from damage by H. virescens larvae. During 1992-1994 at Oxford, NC, N. kawakamii was planted in every 5th row of flue-cured tobacco fields. The percentage of plants infested with H. virescens larvae averaged 4.3 times higher in rows of N. kawakamii than in adjacent rows of flue-cured tobacco. Also, tobacco in rows adjacent to N. kawakamii often had less damage from H. virescens than did tobacco in remote control fields, suggesting that N. kawakamii has potential as a trap crop in tobacco production. There were no significant differences in the percentages of parasitism by Cardiochi/es nigriceps Viereck and Campoletis sonorensis (Cameron) for H. virescens larvae collected from N. kawakamii or tobacco. Hornworm larvae, Manduca spp., were also monitored, but N. kawakamii provided no consistent protection from infestations of this pest.
REVIEWS (1954)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access Pope' Windsor Forest 1712: A Study of the Washington University Holograph. (Washington University Studies, N. S., Language and Literature XXI). Pp. iv + 70. By ROBERT M. SCHMITZ. Saint Louis: Washington University, 1952. $4.50. HAROLD WILLIAMS HAROLD WILLIAMS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of English Studies, Volume V, Issue 18, 1954, Pages 195–197, https://doi.org/10.1093/res/V.18.195 Published: 01 April 1954