gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards Automotive Augmented Reality (2008)

Projection of virtual presentation schemes into the reality via Augmented Reality (AR) has the potential to equip novel driver assistance systems with more intuitive user interfaces. Information presentation through AR reduces the number of glances towards in-car displays, thus enabling higher degrees of attention towards the environmental events. Spatial relationships between objects in the car’s environment can directly be indicated through AR without enforcing the user to switch between different frames of reference. This thesis examines issues which arise when such assistance systems with AR are developed. The common development process of such assistance systems in driving simulators is analyzed and facilitated with new solutions, which partly incorporate AR technology. A fixed-base driving simulator is extended to serve as a rapid prototyping environment for a broad spectrum of in-car systems. To analyze spatial relationships of the surrounding of the car, a subsystem for context analysis and reasoning on spatial sensor data is implemented and incorporated with the rapid prototyping environment. An additional system enables creation of realistic traffic scenarios in virtual environments using a tracked miniature car. This thesis also develops new approaches for AR presentation schemes and evaluates them in usability studies. An AR presentation scheme showing the physical behavior of the own car minimizes the need for last second collision warnings. For time-critical collision alerts, an AR system guides the attention of a car driver towards imminent dangers. The evaluations of the concepts indicate, among other things, that the application of AR reduces reaction times and that mental workload is not increased. The thesis concludes with another system enabling the examination of AR schemes in real environments. The system also enables porting of AR assistance systems to real cars when Heap-Up Display and sensor technology are able to provide the demanded needs.
Comparison of Two Methods for Determination of Total Solids Content of Milk:Collaborative Study (1989)

Ten laboratories analyzed 9 pairs of blind duplicate raw milk samples for total solids. A direct forced air oven method (4 h at 100 degrees C) and a modification of the AOAC predry method (16.032) were used. Preliminary evaluation of the modified AOAC method indicated that blank determinations were necessary. Total solids content ranged from 12.0 to 14.6%. Average repeatability standard deviations (Sr) of the direct forced air oven and modified AOAC methods were 0.019 and 0.017, respectively. Average reproducibility standard deviations (SR) of the direct forced air oven and the modified AOAC methods were 0.042 and 0.047, respectively. Average repeatability relative standard deviations (RSDr) for the direct forced air oven and the modified AOAC methods were 0.149 and 0.136%, respectively; average reproducibility relative standard deviations (RSDR) were 0.327 and 0.370%, respectively. Mean repeatability values (r) and reproducibility values (R) were 0.054 and 0.118 for the direct forced air oven method and 0.049 and 0.133 for the modified AOAC method, respectively. The mean test result of the direct forced air oven method (12.7293%) was comparable to that for the modified AOAC method (12.7273%). The modification of AOAC method 16.032 and the direct forced air oven method have been approved interim official first action.
Simple and Accurate Prediction of the Clinical Probability of Pulmonary Embolism (2008)

The proposed model is simple and accurate, and it may aid physicians when assessing the clinical probability of pulmonary embolism.
EFFECTS OF PERFUSION PRESSURE DURING FLUSHING ON THE VIABILITY OF THE PROCURED LIVER USING NONINVASIVE FLUOROMETRY (1988)

The influence of perfusion pressure and flow rate on hepatic cellular viability was investigated in the procured liver using noninvasive pyridine nucleotide fluorometry, in relation to other metabolic indices such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) concentration, adenine nucleotides, tissue ketone bodies, and mitochondrial phosphorylative activity. Rat liver was perfused at a controlled flow rate through the portal vein with a nonrecirculating open-end-design perfusion system driven by a roller pump using cooled oxygenized Euro-Collins' solution. The maximum pressures (mean pressure in parentheses) of experimental groups were 8 (5) mmHg, 15 (9) mmHg, 40 (25) mmHg, 80 (50) mmHg, 120 (73) mmHg, 240 (152) mmHg. The amplitude between oxidation and reduction levels (RxA) in the fluorometric trace, and the gradient or velocity of the trace curve from oxidation to reduction (RxV) were determined by the measurement of fluorescence from NAD phosphate, reduced form (NADPH) using a new fluorometric device. Other metabolic indices were measured after attainment of a fully oxygenated state. RxA decreased in accordance with the increase of pressure. Similar results were obtained in the changes of NAD concentration, total adenine nucleotides, and total tissue ketone bodies, possibly due to the wash-out of these metabolites. RxV decreased in inverse proportion to the increase of pressure. There were close positive correlations between RxV and tissue ketone body ratio (acetoacetate/3-hydroxybutyrate) (r = 0.793, less than 0.01), RxV and respiratory control ratio in isolated mitochondria (r = 0.617, P less than 0.05), RxV and state 3 respiration (r = 0.792, P less than 0.01), and RxV and phosphorylation rate (r = 0.833, P less than 0.01). These results suggest that perfusion pressure and flow rate can easily deteriorate the energy metabolism of the procured liver, and that the gravity-induced hydrostatic pressure presently used in procurement perfusion should be reevaluated on the basis of energy metabolism.
Progressive Inhibition by Water Deficit of Cell Wall Extensibility and Growth along the Elongation Zone of Maize Roots Is Related to Increased Lignin Metabolism and Progressive Stelar Accumulation of Wall Phenolics (2005)

Water deficit caused by addition of polyethylene glycol 6000 at -0.5 MPa water potential to well-aerated nutrient solution for 48 h inhibited the elongation of maize (Zea mays) seedling primary roots. Segmental growth rates in the root elongation zone were maintained 0 to 3 mm behind the tip, but in comparison with well-watered control roots, progressive growth inhibition was initiated by water deficit as expanding cells crossed the region 3 to 9 mm behind the tip. The mechanical extensibility of the cell walls was also progressively inhibited. We investigated the possible involvement in root growth inhibition by water deficit of alterations in metabolism and accumulation of wall-linked phenolic substances. Water deficit increased expression in the root elongation zone of transcripts of two genes involved in lignin biosynthesis, cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1 and 2, after only 1 h, i.e. before decreases in wall extensibility. Further increases in transcript expression and increased lignin staining were detected after 48 h. Progressive stress-induced increases in wall-linked phenolics at 3 to 6 and 6 to 9 mm behind the root tip were detected by comparing Fourier transform infrared spectra and UV-fluorescence images of isolated cell walls from water deficit and control roots. Increased UV fluorescence and lignin staining colocated to vascular tissues in the stele. Longitudinal bisection of the elongation zone resulted in inward curvature, suggesting that inner, stelar tissues were also rate limiting for root growth. We suggest that spatially localized changes in wall-phenolic metabolism are involved in the progressive inhibition of wall extensibility and root growth and may facilitate root acclimation to drying environments.
Digital Simulation of Prepress Proofing Systems (1990)

During the 1930s and 1940s a number of light reflection models were proposed and validated with experimental data. Of particular note are the 2 flux model of Kubelka and Munk (1931) and the color reproduction model of Neugebauer (1937). The manual measurement and data processing capabilities available at the time these models were proposed were adequate to prove model validity. However, the time required to make the measurements and calculations for all but the simplest applications made the wide spread use of these models impractical. Most of the potential applications for these models had to wait some 30 to 50 years to be realized.
Preserving access during percutaneous catheterization using a double-guide-wire technique (1983)

Preserving access during percutaneous catheterization using a double-guide-wire techniqueS Dawson, N Papanicolaou, PR Mueller and JT Ferrucci, JrAudio Available | Share
[Consensus on asthma diagnosis and treatment in children and adults]. (2005)

Asthma is a chronic airway disease that is a growing problem of public health. The current consensus is based on the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) and other guidelines for asthma, and adapted for Lithuania. This Consensus provides physicians with recommendations for asthma management in children and adults.
Effects of C/N ratio on the content of lipids and DHA by Crypthecodinium cohnii (2000)

Culture of Crypthecodinium cohnii is a potential alternative approach to produce DHA for the demand of medical uses. The effect of the carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio of the medium on the content of lipids and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) of Crypthecodinium cohnii ATCC 30556 was investigated. At the range of 6 to 31, with the ratio of C/N increasing, both the maximal biomass and the DHA to total fatty acids ratio decreased. A C/N ratio of approximately 21 was regarded as low critical value in the culture of Crypthecodinium cohnii ATCC 30556. The optimized C/N ratio was 11; at this value, the productivity of biomass reached 11. 84 g DW/L and the yield of DHA achieved 612. 13 mg/L after 56 hours.
Studies on prodrugs. IV. Preparation and characterization of N-(5-substituted 2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methyl norfloxacin. (1985)

As a new type of norfloxacin (NFLX) prodrug, N-(5-substituted 2-oxo-1, 3-dioxol-4-yl) methyl NFLXs were designed. These N-masked NFLXs were prepared and confirmed to produce higher NFLX levels in blood than NFLX itself after oral administration to mice. N-(5-Methyl-2-oxo-1, 3-dioxol-4-yl) methyl NFLX was found to be smoothly hydrolyzed in mouse blood in vitro, and when administered orally, gave about 5-fold higher blood levels of NFLX than NFLX itself. Thus, the (5-methyl-2-oxo-1, 3-dioxol-4-yl) methyl group was confirmed to function as an amine-type promoiety.
Motion control of robot manipulators under sensor failure (2002)

In a robot control system there are dynamics and sensor faults, modeling errors, and system and measurement noises. This paper addresses several techniques to control the robot manipulator under the uncertainty model and sensor failure. First, a neural network is proposed to control the robot to follow the generated path. This network model is able to compensate the structured and unstructured dynamic uncertainties of the robot by using both online and off-line training. The PD controller, computed torque controller and adaptive controller with and without exact model are used to control the robot and compared with the proposed method. Next, a residual generator for detection and isolation of the sensor failure is designed. Assuming one fault at a time, the proposed method can detect and isolate the fault sensor. The simulation study based on a 2-DOF planar robot is included.
Killer artificial antigen-presenting cells: a novel strategy to delete specific T cells (2007)

Several cell-based immunotherapy strategies have been developed to specifically modulate T cell-mediated immune responses. These methods frequently rely on the utilization of tolerogenic cell-based antigen-presenting cells (APCs). However, APCs are highly sensitive to cytotoxic T-cell responses, thus limiting their therapeutic capacity. Here, we describe a novel bead-based approach to modulate T-cell responses in an antigen-specific fashion. We have generated killer artificial APCs (kappaaAPCs) by coupling an apoptosis-inducing alpha-Fas (CD95) IgM mAb together with HLA-A2 Ig molecules onto beads. These kappaaAPCs deplete targeted antigen-specific T cells in a Fas/Fas ligand (FasL)-dependent fashion. T-cell depletion in cocultures is rapidly initiated (30 minutes), dependent on the amount of kappaaAPCs and independent of activation-induced cell death (AICD). kappaaAPCs represent a novel technology that can control T cell-mediated immune responses, and therefore has potential for use in treatment of autoimmune diseases and allograft rejection.
Atomic Radii and Interatomic Distances in Metals (1947)

The problem of the nature of the interatomic farces in the elementary metals and in intermetallic compounds and other alloys continues to be puzzling, despite the clarification of some questions which has been provided by quantum mechanical considerations. It has been my opinion, contrary to that of other investigator that the metallic bond is very closely related to the covalent (shared-electron-pair) bond, and that each atom in a metal may be considered as forming covalent bonds with neighboring atoms, the covalent bonds resonating among the available interatomic positions. It was shown in the first paper of this series that the number of covalent bonds resonating among the available positions about an atom (the metallic valence of the atom) increases from one to nearly six (5.78) in the sequence K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr in the first long period of the periodic table, remains nearly constant from Cr to Ni, and begins to decrease with Cu. This concept, which is substantiated by the magnetic properties of the metals and their alloys, provides a qualitative explanation of many properties of the transition metals (including those of the palladium and platinum groups), such as characteristic temperature (heat capacity at low temperatures), hardness, compressibility, coefficient of thermal expansion, and the general trend of interatomic distances. It will be shown in the following pages that it also permits the formulation of a system of atomic radii which can be used for the calculation of interatomic distances in metals and intermetallic compounds and for the interpretation of observed interatomic distances in terms of the electronic structure of the crystals. These atomic radii (which may be called metallic radii) are found, as expected, to show an intimate relation to the covalent radii of the atoms-a relation which, in its general nature, permitted Goldschmidt over twenty years ago to use data taken from both metals and ordinary covalent crystals in formulating a table of atomic radii, and which has been recognized3 as providing very strong support for the concept that metallic bonds are essentially resonating covalent bonds.
Decisive Progress in Metallocene-Catalyzed Elastomer Synthesis (2008)

Within the last 2 decades a large number of metallocene/MAO copolymerization catalysts has been developed, targeting tailor-made high-quality ethylene−propylene elastomers. However, under the widely used EP(D)M solution polymerization process temperatures, conventional metallocene catalysts give only access to the lower 15% of the commercial molecular weight range, established with Ziegler−Natta catalysts, which extends to about 106 g/mol. The novel class of donor−acceptor metallocenes makes a quantum leap in enhancing in EP(D)M molecular weights by orders of magnitude. Thus, the full molecular weight range of tailor-made polyolefin elastomers up to ultra high molecular weights is now accessible. At lower temperatures the D−A metallocene catalyst systems approach 100% chain growth selectivity in living olefin homo- and copolymerizations.
Computation and communication efficient graph processing with distributed immutable view (2014)

Cyclops is a new vertex-oriented graph-parallel framework for writing distributed graph analytics. Unlike existing distributed graph computation models, Cyclops retains simplicity and computation-efficiency by synchronously computing over a distributed immutable view, which grants a vertex with read-only access to all its neighboring vertices. The view is provided via read- only replication of vertices for edges spanning machines during a graph cut. Cyclops follows a centralized computation model by assigning a master vertex to update and propagate the value to its replicas unidirectionally in each iteration, which can significantly reduce messages and avoid contention on replicas. Being aware of the pervasively available multicore-based clusters, Cyclops is further extended with a hierarchical processing model, which aggregates messages and replicas in a single multicore machine and transparently decomposes each worker into multiple threads on-demand for different stages of computation. We have implemented Cyclops based on an open-source Pregel clone called Hama. Our evaluation using a set of graph algorithms on an in-house multicore cluster shows that Cyclops outperforms Hama from 2.06X to 8.69X and 5.95X to 23.04X using hash-based and Metis partition algorithms accordingly, due to the elimination of contention on messages and hierarchical optimization for the multicore-based clusters. Cyclops (written in Java) also has comparable performance with PowerGraph (written in C++) despite the language difference, due to the significantly lower number of messages and avoided contention.
Crystal structure of AlPO4-21, a framework aluminophosphate containing tetrahedral phosphorus and both tetrahedral and trigonal-bipyramidal aluminum in 3-, 4-, 5-, and 8-rings (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal structure of AlPO4-21, a framework aluminophosphate containing tetrahedral phosphorus and both tetrahedral and trigonal-bipyramidal aluminum in 3-, 4-, 5-, and 8-ringsJ. Michael Bennett, Janet M. Cohen, Gilberto Artioli, Joseph J. Pluth, and Joseph V. SmithCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 2, 188–193Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00196a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00196a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views529Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
First- and Second-Order Methods for Learning: Between Steepest Descent and Newton's Method (1992)

On-line first-order backpropagation is sufficiently fast and effective for many large-scale classification problems but for very high precision mappings, batch processing may be the method of choice. This paper reviews first- and second-order optimization methods for learning in feedforward neural networks. The viewpoint is that of optimization: many methods can be cast in the language of optimization techniques, allowing the transfer to neural nets of detailed results about computational complexity and safety procedures to ensure convergence and to avoid numerical problems. The review is not intended to deliver detailed prescriptions for the most appropriate methods in specific applications, but to illustrate the main characteristics of the different methods and their mutual relations.
Multi-Center, Double-Blind, Vehicle-Controlled Clinical Trial of an Alpha and Beta Defensin-Containing Anti-Aging Skin Care Regimen With Clinical, Histopathologic, Immunohistochemical, Photographic, and Ultrasound Evaluation. (2018)

A 3-product skin care regimen containing alpha and beta defensins globally improves the visual appearance and structure of aging skin without irritation, dryness, or inflammation. Specifically, this regimen increases epidermal thickness, reduces appearance of pores, reduces wrinkles, and reduces melanin. This skin care regimen stimulates rejuvenation without evidence of increase of a marker of carcinogenic stimulation. This data is consistent with the hypothesis that a defensin-containing skin care regimen activates the body's own dormant stem cells to generate healthy new epidermal cells. <em>J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(4):426-441.</em> THIS ARTICLE HAD BEEN MADE AVAILABLE FREE OF CHARGE. PLEASE SCROLL DOWN TO ACCESS THE FULL TEXT OF THIS ARTICLE WITHOUT LOGGING IN. NO PURCHASE NECESSARY. PLEASE CONTACT THE PUBLISHER WITH ANY QUESTIONS.
European rational approach for the genetics of diabetic complications EURAGEDIC: patient populations and strategy (2007)

The EURAGEDIC study is designed and powered to identify and validate common alleles as genetic risk factors for diabetic nephropathy in Type 1 diabetic patients.
A novel <scp>mGluR5</scp> antagonist, <scp>MFZ</scp> 10‐7, inhibits cocaine‐taking and cocaine‐seeking behavior in rats (2013)

Pre-clinical studies suggest that negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5), including 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP), 3-[(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl]pyridine (MTEP) and fenobam are highly effective in attenuating drug-taking and drug-seeking behaviors. However, both MPEP and MTEP have no translational potential for use in humans because of their off-target effects and short half-lives. Here, we report that 3-fluoro-5-[(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)ethynyl]benzonitrile (MFZ 10-7), a novel mGluR5 NAM, is more potent and selective than MPEP, MTEP and fenobam in both in vitro binding and functional assays. Similar to MTEP, intraperitoneal administration of MFZ 10-7 inhibited intravenous cocaine self-administration, cocaine-induced reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior and cocaine-associated cue-induced cocaine-seeking behavior in rats. Although MFZ 10-7 and MTEP lowered the rate of oral sucrose self-administration, they did not alter total sucrose intake. Further, MFZ 10-7 appeared to be more potent than MTEP in inducing downward shifts in the cocaine dose-response curve, but less effective than MTEP in attenuating sucrose-induced reinstatement of sucrose-seeking behavior. MFZ 10-7 and MTEP had no effect on basal locomotor behavior. These findings not only provide additional evidence supporting an important role for mGluR5 in cocaine reward and addiction, but also introduce a new tool for both in vitro and in vivo investigations with which to further characterize this role.