gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Antimalarial Drug Activity, Accumulation, and Inhibition of Heme Polymerization in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> In Vitro (1998)

We have investigated the contribution of drug accumulation and inhibition of heme polymerization to the in vitro activities of a series of antimalarial drugs. Only those compounds exhibiting structural relatedness to the quinolines inhibited heme polymerization. We could find no direct correlation between in vitro activity against chloroquine-susceptible or chloroquine-resistant isolates and either inhibition of heme polymerization or cellular drug accumulation for the drugs studied. However, in vitro activity against a chloroquine-susceptible isolate but not a chloroquine-resistant isolate showed a significant correlation with inhibition of heme polymerization when the activity was normalized for the extent of drug accumulation. The importance of these observations to the rational design of new quinoline-type drugs and the level of agreement of these conclusions with current views on quinoline drug action and resistance are discussed.
Wireless communications using integrated antennas (2004)

The feasibility of integrating antennas and required circuits to form wireless interconnects in foundry digital CMOS technologies has been demonstrated. The key challenges including the effects of metal structures associated with integrated circuits, heat removal, packaging, and interaction between transmitted and received signals and nearby circuits appear to be manageable. This technology can potentially be applied for implementation of a true single chip radio, on-chip and inter-chip communication systems, RFID tags, and others.
Learning Gaussian processes from multiple tasks (2005)

We consider the problem of multi-task learning, that is, learning multiple related functions. Our approach is based on a hierarchical Bayesian framework, that exploits the equivalence between parametric linear models and nonparametric Gaussian processes (GPs). The resulting models can be learned easily via an EM-algorithm. Empirical studies on multi-label text categorization suggest that the presented models allow accurate solutions of these multi-task problems.
The BioMart community portal: an innovative alternative to large, centralized data repositories (2015)

The BioMart Community Portal (www.biomart.org) is a community-driven effort to provide a unified interface to biomedical databases that are distributed worldwide. The portal provides access to numerous database projects supported by 30 scientific organizations. It includes over 800 different biological datasets spanning genomics, proteomics, model organisms, cancer data, ontology information and more. All resources available through the portal are independently administered and funded by their host organizations. The BioMart data federation technology provides a unified interface to all the available data. The latest version of the portal comes with many new databases that have been created by our ever-growing community. It also comes with better support and extensibility for data analysis and visualization tools. A new addition to our toolbox, the enrichment analysis tool is now accessible through graphical and web service interface. The BioMart community portal averages over one million requests per day. Building on this level of service and the wealth of information that has become available, the BioMart Community Portal has introduced a new, more scalable and cheaper alternative to the large data stores maintained by specialized organizations.
Laser Zone Texturing on Glass and Glass-Ceramic S (1997)

A RF driven COz laser IS used to create laser bumps on glass and glass-ceramic substrates. The resulting bump height is found to be a function of laser parameters such as pulse width, spot size, and pulse energy. Composition, structure, and chemical strengthening of the substrates also afect the laser bump topography. Laser bumps on glass-ceramic, non-strengthened glass, or strengthened glass substrates, all exhibit net volume gain. Possible mechanisms for the volume increase include density change due to glass quenched to a subcooled state and/or due to phase transition ?om the crystalline phase to the glass phase. Stress release may play a role in the case of chemically strengthened glass substrates. The tribological performance of laser texture on glass and glass-ceramic substrates again shows low stiction and low piction build- UP
Urban Intersection Design Guide: Volume 1 - Guidelines (2005)

Intersections are an important part of a highway facility because the efficiency, safety, speed, cost of operation, and capacity of the facility depend on their design to a great extent. Each intersection involves through- or cross-traffic movements on one or more of the highways and may involve turning movements between these highways. Such movements may be facilitated by various geometric designs and traffic controls, depending on the type of intersection. The main objective of intersection design is to facilitate the convenience, comfort, and safety of people traversing the intersection while enhancing the efficient movement of motor vehicles, buses, trucks, bicycles, and pedestrians. In order to design intersections that are both functional and effective, designers need current information regarding intersection design that is easily accessible and in a user-friendly format. The prime objective of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Project 0-4365 is to produce this reference document, the Urban Intersection Design Guide, to provide this information. This document is presented in two volumes, of which this is Volume 1 - Guidelines. This project is designed to provide TxDOT and other interested parties with useful and practical information on operations and design for intersections.
Phenomenological model of interstitial fluid pressure in a solid tumor (2011)

Tumor interstitial fluid pressure (TIFP) has the potential to predict tumor response to nonsurgical cancer treatments, including radiation therapy. At present the only quantitative measures available are of limited use, since they are invasive and yield only point measurements. We present the mathematical framework for a quantitative, noninvasive measure of TIFP. The model describes the distribution of interstitial fluid pressure in three distinct tumor regions: vascularized tumor rim, central tumor region, and normal tissue. A relationship between the TIFP and the fluid flow velocity at the periphery of a tumor is presented. This model suggests that a measure of fluid flow rate from a tumor into normal tissue reflects TIFP. We demonstrate that the acquisition of serial images of a tumor after the injection of a contrast agent can provide a noninvasive and potentially quantitative measure of TIFP.
Quantification of SPECT and PET for Drug Development (2008)

Development of a new drug faces multi-faceted sequences in the pipeline. Once a drug candidate is identified, evaluation process can be accelerated by in vivo noninvasive imaging because there is a potential to use a smaller number of animals and human subjects. Radionuclide imaging techniques, such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are directly translatable imaging modalities that can be used in both animal models of disease and humans. In addition, SPECT and PET provide a highly sensitive means to track radiolabeled drugs, for which the imaging process less likely perturbs biological functions of animals and humans. Quantification of SPECT and PET data when used for drug development is elusive. Often times, in vivo SPECT and PET images of any drug candidate are used as ‘flash’ show-and-tell scenarios while actual data are obtained from ex vivo analyses. However, once the need and the degree of quantification are defined carefully, quantification of SPECT and PET can play an important role in drug development and evaluation processes.
Five level cross connected cell for cascaded converters (2013)

Proposed here is an alternate Five-level four-quadrant cascaded multilevel converter cell configuration that compared to the other cell configurations, for dc fault current limitation, will be more compact and avoid the external dc breaker. Loss comparison on cells with dc fault blocking capability for the cascaded converter is also presented.
Will 3G really be the next big wireless technology (2002)

It appears that wireless technology has reached a turning point, as vendors and researchers prepare to take it to the next level. Most industry observers agree that next-level wireless technology will offer more bandwidth, security, and reliability, making it more suitable for multimedia, e-commerce, videoconferencing, and other advanced applications. A key issue for wireless is what form the technology's next generation will take. Many vendors, and other industry observers contend the next level will be the much-discussed third-generation wireless approach, which is actually a set of digital, packet-based, broadband technologies. Vendors are just starting to implement 3G, but some experts in the field are already questioning its functionality and usefulness.
Global motion segmentation for mid-level representation of moving images (2002)

In the layered image representation, expected to open up a new generation of image coding, moving images are decomposed into multiple image layers, viz. Global image regions undergoing different coherent motion which is well represented with a parametric transformation model, and then each global image region is tracked in the entire image sequence. One of the most serious difficulties with the presentation is the problem how to decompose image sequences into multiple image layers, which is referred to as the global motion segmentation problem. To solve this problem, we can take up two different approaches: an approach of gradual migration from a local optical flow representation of motion to a global segmentation representation of motion, and an approach of direct global motion segmentation which operates on image sequences straightforwardly to perform both global segmentation and estimation of parameters of multiple parametric transformation models simultaneously on the assumption that moving images are composed of multiple image layers. This paper concentrates on the direct, approach, and presents an alternately iterative grid search algorithm for it. The experiments using natural image sequences demonstrate that the direct approach works as well as we expect.
Difference in inhaled aerosol deposition patterns in the lungs due to three different sized aerosols (1992)

Deposition patterns of inhaled aerosol in the lungs were studied in five normal subjects and 20 patients with lung disease by inhaling radioaerosols with three different particle size distributions. These aerosols were generated from BARC, UltraVent, and Mistogen-EN-142. Particle size distributions generated by these three nebulizers were 0.84, 1.04 and 1.93 microns in activity median aerodynamic diameter (AMAD) with its geometric standard deviation (sigma g) of 1.73, 1.71 and 1.52, respectively. Deposition patterns of inhaled aerosols were compared qualitatively and quantitatively by studying six different parameters: alveolar deposition ratio (ALDR), Xmax, Xmean, standard deviation (S.D.), skewness and kurtosis of the radioactive distribution in the lungs following inhalation. It has been found that aerosol deposition patterns varied with particle size. The unevenness of aerosol deposition, Xmax, Xmean and the number of 'hot spots' became more prominent with the increase in particle size, whereas values of ALDR and S.D. decreased as particle size increased. Knowing these deposition characteristics would facilitate a judicious application of aerosol inhalation to medical use.
Stakeholder Theory Based on Information Field Model (2018)

Stakeholder theory believes that the development of enterprises need to pay attention to the participation of stakeholders, and emphasize the influence of the differentiation ability of enterprise participants on the core competitiveness of enterprises. This theory has been fully affirmed in the practice of enterprise management, but there is not enough economic theoretical support. Stakeholder theory focuses on the social relations of all participants in the enterprise. The western economic analysis method highlights the natural attributes of human beings, and weaken the social attributes of human beings. The information field model integrates the individual rationality and sociality into the same behavior decision model. Using the information field model and the market transaction mechanism as the reference, comparative analysis of the operation mechanism of Shareholder primacy theory and stakeholder theory. The purpose of stakeholder theory and the sources of the rights needed to achieve this goal are explained. Thus, the stakeholder theory provides a feasible economic explanation. JEL classification numbers: M10Keywords: Stakeholder theory; Information economic man; Information field model; Capital vector
Species differences in susceptibilities of Proteeae spp. to six cephalosporins and three aminoglycosides (1982)

Six cephalosporins and three aminoglycosides were examined for activity against 1,693 isolates belonging to six species of Proteeae. The most notable species-specific differences included the marked susceptibility of Providencia alcalifaciens and Proteus mirabilis to cephalothin, the resistance of Proteus vulgaris to cefamandole, and the resistance of Providencia stuartii to gentamicin and tobramycin. The third-generation cephalosporins cefotaxime and moxalactam were substantially more inhibitory than were cefoperazone, cefamandole, and cefoxitin. P. stuartii, generally the most resistant species, was, however, markedly susceptible to moxalactam and cefotaxime.
Insulin Pump Therapy for Older Adults: Case Report (1986)

Pump therapy offers some people with insulin-treated diabetes a way to achieve stricter blood glucose con trol and more flexible lives. While strict control may be most important for young people, older adults may benefit from the freedom possible with pump therapy. This case presentation describes the use of an insulin pump by a 68-year-old man whose main goal was to have more flexibility in his meal frequency and timing. Some special con siderations for pump therapy in older adults in clude the use of a sim pler, less expensive in sulin pump, visual aids, and less strict blood glucose targets.
Expansion of Tumor-reactive T Cells From Patients With Pancreatic Cancer (2016)

Generation of T lymphocytes with reactivity against cancer is a prerequisite for effective adoptive cellular therapies. We established a protocol for tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Tumor samples from 17 pancreatic cancer specimens were cultured with cytokines (IL-2, IL-15, and IL-21) to expand TILs. After 10 days of culture, TILs were stimulated with an anti-CD3 antibody (OKT3) and irradiated allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Reactivity of TILs against tumor-associated antigens (mesothelin, survivin, or NY-ESO-1) was detected by intracellular cytokine production by flow cytometry. Cytotoxicity was measured using a Chromium 51 release assay, and reactivity of TILs against autologous tumor cells was detected by INF-[gamma] production (ELISA). TIL composition was tested by CD45RA, CCR7, 4-1BB, LAG-3, PD-1, TIM3, and CTLA-4 marker analysis. TCR V[beta] was determined by flow cytometry and TCR clonality was gauged measuring the CDR3 region length by PCR analysis and subsequent sequencing. We could reliably obtain TILs from 17/17 patients with a majority of CD8(+) T cells. CD3(+)CD8(+), CD3(+)CD4(+), and CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-)[double-negative (DN) T cells] resided predominantly in central (CD45RA(-)CCR7(+)) and effector (CD45RA-CCR7-) memory subsets. CD8(+) TILs tested uniformly positive for LAG-3 (about 100%), whereas CD4(+) TILs showed only up to 12% LAG-3(+) staining and PD-1 showed a broad expression pattern in TILs from different patients. TILs from individual patients recognized strongly (up to 11.9% and 8.2% in CD8(+)) NY-ESO-1, determined by ICS, or mesothelin, determined respectively by TNF-[alpha] and IFN-[gamma] production. Twelve of 17 of CD8(+) TILs showed preferential expansion of certain TCR V[beta] families (eg, 99.2% V[beta]13.2 in CD8(+) TILs, 77% in the V[beta]1, 65.9% in the V[beta]22, and 63.3% in the V[beta]14 family). TCR CDR3 analysis exhibited monoclonal or oligoclonal TCRs, some of them (eg, CD8(+) V[beta]13.2) reacting strongly against autologous tumor defined by INF-[gamma] production or by cytotoxicity. We have optimized methods for generating pancreatic cancer–specific TILs that can be used for adoptive cellular therapy of patients with pancreatic cancer.
Two new species of the genera<i>microdrosophila</i>and<i>drosophila</i>(drosophilidae) from Korea (2002)

Two new species belonging to the genera Microdrosophila and Drosophila, collected from Daegwallyeong and Mt. Halla in Korea are described with illustrations of the male genitalia. Microdros ophila (Microdros ophila) gang‐wonensis n. sp. seems close to M. (M.) purpurata Okada, 1956, but the new species has different phallic organ. Drosophila (Drosophila) taekjuni is close to D. (D.) brevitabula Zhang and Toda, 1992, in form, but differs in the shape of aedeagus. Eight species of the genus Microdrosophila and five species in the D. immigrans species‐group of genus Drosophila, including the new species are known to be distributed in Korea.
Time dependent 14MeV neutrons measurement using a polycrystalline chemical vapor deposited diamond detector at the JET tokamak (2004)

A polycrystalline chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond detector was installed on a JET tokamak in order to monitor the time dependent 14MeV neutron emission produced by D–T plasma pulses during the Trace Tritium Experiment (TTE) performed in October 2003. This was the first tentative ever attempted to use a CVD diamond detector as neutron monitor in a tokamak environment. Despite its small active volume, the detector was able to detect the 14MeV neutron emission (&gt;1.0×1015n∕shot) with good reliability and stability during the experimental campaign that lasted five weeks. The comparison with standard silicon detectors presently used at JET as 14MeV neutron monitors is reported, showing excellent correlation between the measurements. The results prove that CVD diamond detectors can be reliably used in a tokamak environment and therefore confirm the potential of this technology for next step machines like ITER.
The <i>CD6</i> Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility Allele Is Associated with Alterations in CD4+ T Cell Proliferation (2011)

Genome-wide association studies have revealed a large number of genetic associations with autoimmune diseases. Despite this progress, the mechanisms underlying the contribution of allelic variants to the onset of immune-related diseases remain mostly unknown. Our recent meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of multiple sclerosis (MS) identified a new susceptibility locus tagged by a single nucleotide polymorphism, rs17824933 (p = 3.8 × 10(-9)), that is found in a block of linkage disequilibrium containing the CD6 gene. Because CD6 plays an important role in maintenance of T cell activation and proliferation, we examined the biologic phenotypes of the risk-associated allele. In this article, we report that the MS susceptibility allele in CD6 is associated with decreased expression of full-length CD6 in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. As a consequence, proliferation is diminished during long-term activation of CD4(+) T cells from subjects with the risk allele. Selective knockdown of full-length CD6 using exon 5-specific small interfering RNA induces a similar proliferation defect of CD4(+) T cells from subjects homozygous for the protective allele. Exon 5 encodes for the extracellular binding site of the CD6 ligand ALCAM, which is required for CD6 stimulation. In CD4(+) T cells from subjects with the risk allele, exon 5 is consistently underexpressed, thereby providing a mechanism by which the allele affects proliferation of CD4(+) T cells. These findings indicate that the MS risk allele in the CD6 locus is associated with altered proliferation of CD4(+) T cells and demonstrate the influence of a disease-related allelic variant on important immunological characteristics.
Adaptive Frame Concatenation Mechanisms for QoS in Multi-Rate Wireless Ad Hoc Networks (2008)

Providing quality of service (QoS) to users in a wireless ad-hoc network is a key concern for service providers. With the availability of multiple rates in IEEE 802.11a/b/g wireless LANs, it is desirable to improve the network capacity and temporal fairness by sending multiple consecutive frames (also referred as frame concatenation mechanism) over high rate links, as proposed in opportunistic auto rate (OAR). However, OAR does not consider the effect of frame sizes and may yield unsatisfactory performance for high priority multimedia flows transmitting over low rate links. Therefore, a more appropriate frame concatenation strategy and a corresponding service differentiation scheme should be devised to provide better performance for high priority voice/video flows than low priority data flows, under various channel rate scenarios. We first analyze the effect of frame size on the performance of OAR. Then, we propose a general concatenation mechanism (GCM), a more accurate frame concatenation mechanism for multi-rate MAC with better fairness. Finally, we propose two mechanisms: adaptive weighted fair frame concatenation mechanism (AWFCM) and adaptive QoS aware frame concatenation mechanism (AQCM), for supporting service differentiation and QoS in multi-rate wireless ad hoc networks. The primary idea is to adjust the number of concatenated frames based on flow weights/priorities, frame sizes, link rates, and network traffic. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanisms achieve desirable performance on supporting multimedia applications in multi-rate wireless ad-hoc networks.
Professor R. J. G. Savage: an appreciation (1994)

Professor R. J. G. Savage: an appreciation Get access MICHAEL J. BENTON, F.L.S. MICHAEL J. BENTON, F.L.S. 1Department of Geology, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 112, Issue 1-2, September 1994, Pages 3–12, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1994.tb00309.x Published: 15 May 2008
VLSI implementation of a 200-MHz 16×16 left-to-right carry-free multiplier in 0.35 μm CMOS technology for next-generation DSPs (2002)

We describe the VLSI implementation of a 16/spl times/16 left-to-right carry-free multiplier. Left-to-right multipliers are significantly faster than conventional right-to-left multipliers because they do not require a carry-propagate adder to complete the multiplication process. The key to the high speed of left-to-right multiplication is the fact that the most significant partial product digits are available in carry-save form earlier than they are in conventional right-to-left multipliers. Two conversion schemes for converting the most significant half of the partial products from carry-save to binary form are described. The first scheme uses a variation of the Ercegovac-Lang converter, and the second scheme uses a conventional carry-select adder. Experimental measurements are presented to show the feasibility of 200-MHz operation.
Continuous Monitoring of Skin Temperature using a Liquid-Crystal Thermometer during Anesthesia (1979)

Department of Anesthesiology, Ochsner Clinic and Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Ochsner Foundation Hospital, New Orleans, Louisiana