gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Failing to deactivate: Resting functional abnormalities in autism (2006)

Several regions of the brain (including medial prefrontal cortex, rostral anterior cingulate, posterior cingulate, and precuneus) are known to have high metabolic activity during rest, which is suppressed during cognitively demanding tasks. With functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this suppression of activity is observed as "deactivations," which are thought to be indicative of an interruption of the mental activity that persists during rest. Thus, measuring deactivation provides a means by which rest-associated functional activity can be quantitatively examined. Applying this approach to autism, we found that the autism group failed to demonstrate this deactivation effect. Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between a clinical measure of social impairment and functional activity within the ventral medial prefrontal cortex. We speculate that the lack of deactivation in the autism group is indicative of abnormal internally directed processes at rest, which may be an important contribution to the social and emotional deficits of autism.
Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography (2001)

Despite advances in both prevention and treatment, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. The current gold standard for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease is the x-ray coronary angiogram, which is both costly and associated with a small risk of morbidity. More than 1 million Americans are referred for this test annually, and despite the availability of numerous noninvasive tests to identify patients with coronary artery disease, > or =35% of patients referred for this test are found not to have disease. It therefore would be beneficial to use a noninvasive test to allow the presence of coronary atherosclerosis to be determined directly. Coronary magnetic resonance angiography, a technique that is aimed at establishing a noninvasive test for the assessment of significant coronary stenoses, obviates the risks of patient exposure to radiation of x-ray angiography and therefore represents a major step forward in diagnostic cardiology.
Chemical vapor deposition of Pb<sub>1−x</sub>La<sub>x</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> (1995)

Abstract We report chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of PbLaTiO3 films for integrated pyroelectric devices. Pb(thd)2, La(thd)3 and Ti(O-Pr)2(thd)2 were introduced to the reactor via a single liquid precursor solution that is vaporized. Substrate temperatures were approximately 535°C and post deposition annealing was not used. Films were deposited on fused silica and Pt metallized Si substrates. The liquid delivery technique permitted excellent composition control and films on fused silica were predominantly [100] oriented with trace amounts of [110] and [111] present. Pyroelectricity for 0.7μm thick films deposited on Pt metallized Si was measured using a modified Byer-Roundi technique and pyroelectric coefficients as high as 90 nC/cm2·K were observed. The high crystalline quality and pyroelectric properties are attributed to the excellent composition control afforded by the liquid delivery CVD technique.
Reprint: Six-Month Continuous Intraputamenal Infusion Toxicity Study of Recombinant Methionyl Human Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (r-metHuGDNF) in Rhesus Monkeys (2007)

Recombinant human glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (r-metHuGDNF) is a potent neuronal growth and survival factor that has been considered for clinical use in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here we present results of a 6-month toxicology study in rhesus monkeys conducted to support clinical evaluation of chronic intraputamenal infusion of r-metHuGDNF for PD. Monkeys (6-9/sex/group) were treated with 0 (vehicle), 15, 30, or 100 microg/day r-metHuGDNF by continuous unilateral intraputamenal infusion (150 microl/day flow rate) for 6 months; a subset of animals (2-3/sex/group) underwent a subsequent 3-month treatment-free recovery period. Notable observations included reduced food consumption and body weight at 100 microg/day and meningeal thickening underlying the medulla oblongata and/or overlying various spinal cord segments at 30 and 100 microg/day. In addition, multifocal cerebellar Purkinje cell loss (with associated atrophy of the molecular layer and, in some cases, granule cell loss) was observed in 4 monkeys in the 100-microg/day group. This cerebellar finding has not been observed in previous nonclinical studies evaluating r-metHuGDNF. The small number of affected animals precludes definitive conclusions regarding the pathogenesis of the cerebellar lesion, but the data support an association with r-metHuGDNF treatment.
Modeling And Planning Distributed Energy Systems Online (2021)

Sustainable energy is a core concern worldwide for the foreseeable future. Technologically, its key trends are distributed and renewable energy resources and smart grid capabilities. At the same time, a global need for sustainable energy is meeting increasingly diverse energy policy and economics. To plan with such complex contexts and systems, a novel distributed energy software tool and its initial implementation is presented: the Energy Systems Evaluator Online (ESEO). Its contributions include: (1) A flexible model framework that can simulate current and expected distributed energy systems; (2) An architecture specifying the modular design needed for distributed energy planning software in general; (3) A working implementation as the first general energy planning tool deployed via the Internet with collaborative capabilities.
An Acoustic-Based Relative Positioning System for Multiple Mobile Devices (2009)

It is highly desirable for mobile device to know its relative positions of neighbor devices in many real-world mobile applications. We observed that traditional relative positioning systems are not efficient in estimating the relative position due to a large amount of processing time. In the paper, we design and implement a relative positioning system based on an acoustic signal. Especially, our system is designed for mobile applications on multiple devices. We present protocols and algorithms to minimize the processing time while still achieving reasonable accuracy. The performance evaluation demonstrates that our system can dramatically improve processing time compared to the existing method.
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION OF CERIUM OXIDE ABRASIVES FOR CHEMICAL-MECHANICAL POLISHING OF GLASS (2000)

Abstract Investigation of the nature of chemomechanical polishing (CMP) for glass requires an in-depth knowledge of the influences of abrasive physical properties and slurry chemistry. In the present work, eight cerium oxide abrasives were used to polish fused silica on a polyurethane pad. Results from pre-polished surfaces re-polished in aqueous and non-aqueous suspensions and from corrosion testing of solutions recovered from abrasive suspensions were used to discern chemical, chemomechanical, and mechanical equivalents for each abrasive. Performance indices (i.eabrasive quality values) were generated from the equivalents and related to conventional polishing of lapped surfaces. Optimally performing abrasives were found to require a balance of equivalents (i.eset ratio) as dictated by inherent chemical activities, heat treatments, and milling. From solution chemistry testing, particle/workpiece attraction via surface charge was found to increase the chemomechanical effect. The CMP mechanism is concluded to be a chemical reaction at the particle/workpiece interface promoted primarily by mechanical interactions such as abrasion, with both cerium oxide and rare-earth oxyfluoride constituents promoting the reaction.
Mucosal immunogenicity and adjuvant activity of the Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (1997)

Many pathogens invade their host via mucosal surfaces. The mucosal immune system forms a first line of defense against such pathogens, through secretion of pathogen-specific antibodies of the IgA isotype, preventing infection of the host. Current vaccination strategies, which generally involve intramuscular injection of live or inactivated pathogens, or antigens thereof, mainly induce systemic IgC antibodies, but rarely result in a mucosal immune response. ... Zie: Summarizing discussion and concluding remarks
Changes Occurring in Protein Body Structure and α‐Zein During Cornflake Processing (1998)

ABSTRACT Zeins, which comprise the majority of proteins in corn, are located in spherical organelles called protein bodies. Changes in protein body shape and release of encapsulated α‐zeins as a result of cornflake processing (conventional pressed or extrusion flaking) were investigated. Size‐exclusion chromatography, SDS‐PAGE, and protein solubility tests showed that, upon cooking, zein proteins form large, disulfide‐bound polymers, many of which were insoluble in nonreducing solvents. Transmission electron microscopy with immunogold staining revealed that cooking had no effect on protein body structure in corn, but after processing to cornflakes, protein body structure was altered. In conventional pressed cornflakes, the protein bodies were flattened, partially fused together, and α‐zeins were to some degree released, whereas in the extruded flakes, protein bodies were completely disrupted and α‐zeins dispersed. These results suggest that zeins in cornflakes, particularly extruded ones, are not confined to rigid protein bodies but can interact with each other and other components in the system. The disruption of protein bodies, zein release, and the chemical changes that proteins undergo during processing are speculated to be determinants of texture in ready‐to‐eat corn‐based breakfast cereals.
A fully configurable and scalable neural coprocessor IP for SoC implementations of machine learning applications (2017)

This paper presents a fully configurable and programmable coprocessor IP core to efficiently compute Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in heterogeneous System-on-Chips (SoC). There is an increasing interest in moving applications involving streamed data such as those arising in machine-learning systems (machine-vision, speech-recognition, etc.) to highly-integrated low-power embedded devices. In this context efficient memory utilization, which is critical to both performance and energy consumption, requires handling multiple memory resources and different address spaces. The proposed IP core cooperates with a companion interconnect IP that acts as an abstraction layer to allow seamless integration of such heterogeneous resources. Dynamic (re)allocation is supported, so that embedded memory resources (Block RAMs) and external blocks (DDR memory) can be transparently used. The coprocessor itself is a configurable vector-matrix product computer with optional non-linear filtering, thus any single layer and multilayer ANN model can be easily implemented. The applicability of the IPs is demonstrated in a Hyperspectral Image (HSI) real-time classification problem.
Exercise Through Dual-Purpose Activity in the Institutionalized Elderly (1987)

This study focused on the elderly nursing home resident's preference when presented with two kinds of exercise. Twenty-eight subjects were offered a choice between performing a single-purpose exercise or performing a dual-purpose craft-and-exercise activity. Both were designed to elicit glenohumeral joint shoulder flexion. The craft activity required the articipant to make a wall hanging using a stencil and a stencil roller. Analysis of the data failed to indicate significant differences between the number of individuals who chose the dual-purpose activity and the number who chose the single-purpose activity. Separate analysis of the data from the female participants (n = 18 with 12 choosing the dual-purpose activity) approached statistical significance despite the small sample site. Implications of these findings for the occupational therapist and possible procedural modifications for further research are discussed.
Integrity and Confidentiality in Cloud Outsourced Data (2019)

Cloud services have become an increasingly popular solution to provide different services to clients. One of the cloud services is database as a service (DBaaS), in which the service provider offers different resources such as software, hardware and network to the clients to be able to manage and administer the database. However, the data and the execution of database queries are under control of the distrustful service provider. This lack of trust opens up new security issues and serves as the chief motivation of our work. This study presents an overview of different cryptographic algorithms, based on different schemes in the outsourced database security and query authentication. We conclude the paper by proposing a new architecture that achieves the confidentiality and integrity of query results of the outsourced database.
A controlled‐oxidation synthesis of substituted aryl 1‐methyl‐4‐nitro‐5‐imidazolyl sulfones (1986)

Abstract Aryl imidazolyl sulfones bearing pendant hemisuccinamido groups for conjugation to biopolymer transport systems were synthesized from sulfide precursors. The peroxide‐effected oxidation at sulfur was invariably accompanied by some cleavage‐oxidation of the carboxamido groups to nitro functionalities, a process which could be minimized by careful control of the reaction conditions.
Induced hepatic arterial blockade by degradable starch microspheres in the rat (1987)

Degradable starch microspheres (DSM, Spherex) have been shown to cause intermittent blockage of hepatic arterial flow and to increase the concentration of regionally injected cytotoxics. The Spherex monitoring system has been developed by Pharmacia, Sweden to establish the correct dose of DSM to optimize hepatic arterial blockade. Groups of normal rats received varying dosages of DSM and co-injected methylene diphosphonate (MDP) in order to reproduce the effect of reduction of passing fraction and marker flow rate as determined by the Spherex monitoring system. A flow reduction and significant decrease in passing fraction was achieved on injection of 4 mg of DSM via the hepatic artery.
ChemInform Abstract: Orally Active β‐Lactam Inhibitors of Human Leukocyte Elastase. Part 3. Stereospecific Synthesis and Structure‐Activity Relationships for 3,3‐Dialkylazetidin‐2‐ones. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Torque Split Strategy for Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles with an Integrated Starter Generator (2014)

This paper presents a torque split strategy for parallel hybrid electric vehicles with an integrated starter generator (ISG-PHEV) by using fuzzy logic control. By combining the efficiency map and the optimum torque curve of the internal combustion engine (ICE) with the state of charge (SOC) of the batteries, the torque split strategy is designed, which manages the ICE within its peak efficiency region. Taking the quantified ICE torque, the quantified SOC of the batteries, and the quantified ICE speed as inputs, and regarding the output torque demanded on the ICE as an output, a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) with relevant fuzzy rules has been developed to determine the optimal torque distribution among the ICE, the ISG, and the electric motor/generator (EMG) effectively. The simulation results reveal that, compared with the conventional torque control strategy which uses rule-based controller (RBC) in different driving cycles, the proposed FLC improves the fuel economy of the ISG-PHEV, increases the efficiency of the ICE, and maintains batteries SOC within its operation range more availably.
Highly Stable N3-Substituted Imidazolium-Based Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes: Experimental Studies and Theoretical Calculations (2013)

Imidazolium cations with various N3-substituents (including methyl, butyl, heptyl, dodecyl, isopropyl, and diphenylmethyl groups) were synthesized and investigated in terms of their alkaline stability. The effect of the N3-substituent on the alkaline stability was studied by quantitative 1H NMR spectra and density functional theory (GGA-BLYP) calculations. The isopropyl substituted imidazolium cation ([DMIIm]+) with the highest LUMO energy value exhibited the highest alkaline stability in aqueous NaOH. The [DMIIm]+ cation also exhibited higher alkaline stability than that of a quaternary ammonium cation, benzyltrimethyl-ammonium ([BTMA]+), in CD3OD/D2O NaOH solution at elevated temperatures. This observation inspired the preparation of [DMIIm]+-based alkaline anion exchange membranes (AEMs) which showed high alkaline stability in alkaline solution.
The Relationship between Work-Family Interactions and Well-Being among Chinese Employees (2012)

This study examined the relationships between bidirectional work-family interactions and employee well-being with a sample of 233 employed working adults in China. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that work-to family conflict and work-to-family enrichment were better predictors of job satisfaction than family-to-work conflict and family-to-work enrichment respectively, and family-to-work conflict and family-to-work enrichment were better predictors of family satisfaction than work-to-family conflict and work-to family enrichment respectively. And no significant moderating effect of work centrality was found in the correlations between work-family interactions and employee well-being.
Thymosin beta 10 and thymosin beta 4 are both actin monomer sequestering proteins. (1993)

The beta-thymosins are a family of related peptides. Recently, thymosin beta 4 was identified as a significant actin monomer sequestering protein in cells. To determine if other beta-thymosins also bind actin, and how they may participate in the regulation of actin polymerization, we expressed thymosin beta 4 and its major homolog, thymosin beta 10, in bacteria and characterized their interactions with actin. Equilibrium sedimentation studies showed that thymosin beta 4 behaved as a monomeric protein in solution. Both beta-thymosins bound skeletal muscle actin and inhibited actin polymerization with similar Kd values (between 0.7-1 microM). They were not inhibited by polyphosphoinositides. Kinetic measurements showed that at high ratios of beta-thymosin to actin, beta-thymosin decreased the rate of barbed end filament growth. However, in spite of a close agreement between the kinetic and steady state Kd values, the rate of barbed end filament growth was slightly, but reproducibly, larger than expected, and this deviation was particularly noticeable at lower ratios of beta-thymosin to actin. We conclude that unlike profilin, beta-thymosins are primarily actin monomer sequestering proteins, although some aspects of their interactions with actin are still not completely understood.
Transmembrane TNF protects mutant mice against intracellular bacterial infections, chronic inflammation and autoimmunity (2006)

Using targeted mutagenesis in mice, we have blocked shedding of endogenous murine TNF by deleting its cleavage site. Mutant mice produce physiologically regulated levels of transmembrane TNF (tmTNF), which suffice to support thymocyte proliferation but cannot substitute for the hepatotoxic activities of wild-type TNF following LPS/D-galactosamine challenge in vivo and are not sufficient to support secondary lymphoid organ structure and function. Notably, however, tmTNF is capable of exerting anti-Listerial host defenses while remaining inadequate to mediate arthritogenic functions, as tested in the tristetraprolin-deficient model of TNF-dependent arthritis. Most interestingly, in the EAE model of autoimmune demyelination, tmTNF suppresses disease onset and progression and retains the autoimmune suppressive properties of wild-type TNF. Together, these results indicate that tmTNF preserves a subset of the beneficial activities of TNF while lacking detrimental effects. These data support the hypothesis that selective targeting of soluble TNF may offer several advantages over complete blockade of TNF in the treatment of chronic inflammation and autoimmunity.
A mussel-inspired polydopamine coating as a versatile platform for the in situ synthesis of graphene-based nanocomposites (2012)

A facile and universal approach to prepare graphene-based nanocomposites by in situ nucleation and growth of diverse noble metals, metal oxides and semiconducting nanoparticles on the surface of RGO is proposed.
Stimulation of macrophage Fc gamma RIIIA activates the receptor-associated protein tyrosine kinase Syk and induces phosphorylation of multiple proteins including p95Vav and p62/GAP-associated protein. (1994)

The role of tyrosine phosphorylation during signal transduction by the phagocytic macrophage (Mphi) FcR Fc gamma RIIIA was investigated. Cross-linking Fc gamma RIIIA on pulmonary Mphi or cultured monocytes used as in vitro model for differentiated Mphi induced rapid and transient phosphorylation of multiple protein substrates. The lymphocyte/mast cell 72-kDa protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) designated PTK72 or Syk, whose expression in Mphi was previously unknown, was identified as a major substrate by immunoprecipitation and phosphopeptide mapping. Activation of Fc gamma RIIIA stimulated a fourfold increase in Syk kinase activity assessed by autophosphorylation. Under mild lysis conditions several specific proteins were co-precipitated with the gamma subunit of Fc gamma RIIIA. Tyrosine kinase activity was also co-precipitated with gamma, as shown by in vitro phosphorylation of gamma. One of these kinases was identified as Syk by phosphopeptide mapping, suggesting a physical association between this PTK and the receptor. Two additional phosphoproteins induced by Fc gamma RIIIA cross-linking were identified: the hematopoietic proto-oncogene product p95Vav, previously implicated in B lymphocyte and mast cell signaling; and p62, a protein associated with p21Ras-GAP. Our results also establish that there are important functional similarities in signal transduction between a phagocytic Mphi FcR and other multi-subunit Ig gene family receptors in diverse cell lineages.
Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus: anatomical, neurophysiological, and outcome correlations with the effects of stimulation (2002)

The results highlight the role of the intraoperative recording to get a more accurate localisation of the STN in surgery for Parkinson's disease, allowing the identification of the boundaries and of the extension of the nucleus. The most effective contact of the quadripolar electrode was always in the upper part of the STN recording area or immediately above it, suggesting a role of this region in the clinical effectiveness of the STN electrical stimulation.
RETRACTED: <i>HOS10</i> encodes an R2R3-type MYB transcription factor essential for cold acclimation in plants (2005)

We report the identification and characterization of an Arabidopsis mutant, hos10-1 (for high expression of osmotically responsive genes), in which the expression of RD29A and other stress-responsive genes is activated to higher levels or more rapidly activated than in wild-type by low temperature, exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), or salt stress (NaCl). The hos10-1 plants are extremely sensitive to freezing temperatures, completely unable to acclimate to the cold, and are hypersensitive to NaCl. Induction of NCED3 (the gene that encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in ABA biosynthesis) by polyethylene glycol-mediated dehydration and ABA accumulation are reduced by this mutation. Detached shoots from the mutant plants display an increased transpiration rate compared with wild-type plants. The hos10-1 plants exhibit several developmental alterations, such as reduced size, early flowering, and reduced fertility. The HOS10 gene encodes a putative R2R3-type MYB transcription factor that is localized to the nucleus. Together, these results indicate that HOS10 is an important coordinating factor for responses to abiotic stress and for growth and development.