gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Ordered Ni-MCM-41 Mesoporous Molecular Sieves (2005)

Highly ordered Ni-MCM-41 samples with nearly atomically dispersed nickel ions were prepared reproducibly and characterized. Similar to the Co-MCM-41 samples, the pore diameter and porosity can be precisely controlled by changing the synthesis surfactant chain length. Nickel was incorporated by isomorphous substitution of silicon in the MCM-41 silica framework, which makes the Ni-MCM-41 a physically stable catalyst in harsh reaction conditions such as CO disproportionation to single wall carbon nanotubes or CO2 methanation. X-ray absorption spectroscopy results indicate that the overall local environment of nickel in Ni-MCM-41 was a tetrahedral or distorted tetrahedral coordination with surrounding oxygen anions. Hydrogen TPR revealed that our Ni-MCM-41 samples have high stability against reduction; however, compared to Co-MCM-41, the Ni-MCM-41 has a lower reduction temperature, and both the H2-TPR and in situ XANES TPR reveal that the reducibility of nickel is not clearly correlated with the pore radius of curvature, as in the case of Co-MCM-41. This is probably a result of nickel being thermodynamically more easily reduced than cobalt. The stability of the structural order of Ni-MCM-41 has been investigated under SWNT synthesis and CO2 methanation reaction conditions as both require catalyst exposure to reducing environments leading to formation of metallic Ni clusters. Nitrogen physisorption and XRD results show that structural order was maintained under both SWNT synthesis and CO2 methanation reaction conditions. EXAFS results demonstrate that the nickel particle size can be controlled by different prereduction temperatures but not by the pore radius of curvature as in the case of Co-MCM-41.
Thiazole-Containing Conjugated Polymer as a Visual and Fluorometric Sensor for Iodide and Mercury (2013)

A neutral conjugated polymer poly-p-phenylene (PPP) derivative, poly(1,4-bis-(8-(4-phenylthiazole-2-thiol)-octyloxy)-benzene) (PPT), was prepared using a simple and economical method of oxidative polymerization reaction. This newly synthesized polymer PPT was characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), and fluorescence spectroscopy. PPT displays fluorescence "turn-off/turn-on" characteristics and colorimetric responses to I(-) and Hg(2+). The UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra of the PPT showed a significant shift in λmax via the addition of iodides and mercury. A colorless PPT solution turns to deep yellow in the presence of iodide salts, which subsequently becomes colorless again on addition of Hg(2+) salts that could be easily detected visually by the naked eye. The Stern-Volmer constant (Ksv) value obtained for the detection of iodide is 0.13 × 10(5) M(-1), confirming very high sensitivity of this polymer for iodide salts. The detection limit of Hg(2+) salt using the PPT polymer was found to be 2.1 nM in water. The detection of both iodide and mercury was also possible in solid state by using a membrane film prepared by mixing 1% PPT in polystyrene. This membrane changes color in the presence of iodide as well as mercury salts. These results confirm that the PPT polymer can be applied for the colorimetric as well as fluorometric sensing of I(-) and Hg(2+) ions in a competent environment in solution, as well as in the solid state, using a membrane film rapidly.
Synthesis and spectroscopic observation of dendrimer-encapsulated gold nanoclusters (2006)

We report on the observation of the excitation/emission spectrum of a dendrimer-encapsulated gold nanocluster; the synthesis of Au-PAMAM was based on reduction of HAuCl4 x 3 H2O co-dissolved in methanol together with fourth-generation OH-terminated PAMAM.
Altered patterns of filopodia production in CHO cells heterologously expressing zebra finch CB<sub>1</sub>cannabinoid receptors (2012)

Recent findings indicate that cannabinoid-altered vocal development involves elevated densities of dendritic spines in a subset of brain regions involved in zebra finch song learning and production suggesting that cannabinoid receptor activation may regulate cell structure. Here we report that activation of zebra finch CB 1 receptors (zfCB 1, delivered by a lentivector to CHO cells) produces dose-dependent biphasic effects on the mean length of filopodia expressed: Low agonist concentrations (3 nM WIN55212-2) increase lengths while higher concentrations reduce them. In contrast, treatment of zfCB 1-expressing cells with the antagonist/inverse agonist SR141716A causes increases in both mean filopodia length and number at 30 and 100 nM. These results demonstrate that CB 1 receptor activation can differentially influence filiopodia elongation depending on dose, and demonstrate that manipulation of cannabinoid receptor activity is capable of modulating cell morphology.
Albert Harry Wheeler (1873–1950): A Case Study in the Stratification of American Mathematical Activity (1996)

Albert Harry Wheeler (1873–1950), a high school mathematics teacher in Worcester, Massachusetts, educated at the Worcester Polytechnic Institute and at Clark University, was fascinated by the challenge of constructing physical models of polyhedra. This interest brought him into contact with a wide variety of users and observers of mathematics, from the most sophisticated to the very naive. A study of the reactions to Wheeler's work sheds light on several significant issues in the history of mathematics in America in the first half of the 20th century, especially the strained relations within the hierarchy of mathematical educators, from school teachers to researchers Albert Harry Wheeler (1873–1950), professeur de mathématiques aux écoles secondaires de Worcester, Massachusetts, reçut son éducation à Worcester Polytechnic Institute et à Clark University. La construction des modèles matériaux des polyèdres le fascina. À cause de cet intérêt, Wheeler fit la connaissance de diverses personnes—des plus sophistiquées aux très naı̈ves—intéressées aux mathématiques. Une étude des réactions de ces gens à Wheeler éclaire quelques aspects importants de l'histoire des mathématiques aux États-Unis pendant la première moitié du vingtième siècle, en particulier les relations tendues entre les professeurs mathématiques aux différents niveaux de l'hiérarchie éducationelle, des professeurs aux écoles secondaires aux chercheurs universitaires. Albert Harry Wheeler (1873–1950), ein am Worcester Polytechnic Institute und an der Clark University ausgebildeter Oberschullehrer in Worcester, Massachusetts, begeisterte sich an der Konstruktion physikalischer Modelle von Polyedern. Durch diese Interesse kam er in Verbindung mit einer Vielzahl von verschiedenen Anwendern und Beobachtern der Mathematik, von den anspruchvollsten bis zu den allernaivsten. Durch die Untersuchung der Reaktionen auf das Werk Wheelers können Einsichten in mehrere wichtige Fragen der Geschichte der Mathematik in Amerika in der ersten Hälfte des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts gewonnen werden, insbesondere in die gespannten Verhältnisse innerhalb der Hierarchie der mathematischen Pädagogen, von den Schullehrern bis zu den Forschern.
Protein Kinase C-α and Arginase I Mediate Pneumolysin-Induced Pulmonary Endothelial Hyperpermeability (2012)

Antibiotics-induced release of the pore-forming virulence factor pneumolysin (PLY) in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia results in its presence days after lungs are sterile and is a major factor responsible for the induction of permeability edema. Here we sought to identify major mechanisms mediating PLY-induced endothelial dysfunction. We evaluated PLY-induced endothelial hyperpermeability in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HL-MVECs) and human lung pulmonary artery endothelial cells in vitro and in mice instilled intratracheally with PLY. PLY increases permeability in endothelial monolayers by reducing stable and dynamic microtubule content and modulating VE-cadherin expression. These events, dependent upon an increased calcium influx, are preceded by protein kinase C (PKC)-α activation, perturbation of the RhoA/Rac1 balance, and an increase in myosin light chain phosphorylation. At later time points, PLY treatment increases the expression and activity of arginase in HL-MVECs. Arginase inhibition abrogates and suppresses PLY-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction by restoring NO generation. Consequently, a specific PKC-α inhibitor and the TNF-derived tonoplast intrinsic protein peptide, which blunts PLY-induced PKC-α activation, are able to prevent activation of arginase in HL-MVECs and to reduce PLY-induced endothelial hyperpermeability in mice. Arginase I (AI)(+/-)/arginase II (AII)(-/-) C57BL/6 mice, displaying a significantly reduced arginase I expression in the lungs, are significantly less sensitive to PLY-induced capillary leak than their wild-type or AI(+/+)/AII(-/-) counterparts, indicating an important role for arginase I in PLY-induced endothelial hyperpermeability. These results identify PKC-α and arginase I as potential upstream and downstream therapeutic targets in PLY-induced pulmonary endothelial dysfunction.
<i>L<sub>p</sub></i>‐norm deconvolution (1989)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1989L p ‐norm deconvolutionAuthors: H. W. J. DebeyeP. van RielH. W. J. DebeyeJason Geosysterns BV, Netherlands and P. van RielJason Geosysterns BV, Netherlandshttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1889540 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1889540FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited bySeismic deconvolution using the mixed norm of Lp regularization along the time direction and L2 regularization along the structure directionLiang Cheng, Shangxu Wang, Sanyi Yuan, Guanchao Wang, Zizhao Yu, and Li Deng27 August 2018 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1989ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1989 Pages: 1375 publication data© 1989 Copyright © 1989 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION H. W. J. Debeye and P. van Riel, (1989), "L p ‐norm deconvolution," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1192-1194. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1889540 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Transient Effects in Raman Optical Amplifiers (2001)

Backward-pumped Raman amplifiers exhibit transient phenomena similar to Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers. Power transients lasting for 50 µsec at the output of a Raman amplifier are observed and an accurate model to understand these transient effects in Raman optical amplifiers is developed.
DNA sequences of three papA genes from uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains: evidence of structural and serological conservation (1991)

Pyelonephritis-associated pili (Pap) are important in the pathogenesis of ascending, unobstructive Escherichia coli-caused renal infections because these surface bacterial organelles mediate digalactoside-specific binding to host uroepithelial cells. Pap are composed of many different polypeptides, of which only the tip proteins mediate specific binding. The PapA moiety polymerizes to form the bulk of the pilus structure and has been employed in vaccines despite its lack of Gal alpha(1-4)Gal receptor specificity. Animal recipients of PapA pilus-based vaccines are protected against experimental pyelonephritis caused by homologous and heterologous Gal-Gal-binding uropathogenic E. coli strains. Specific PapA immunoglobulin G antibodies in urine are correlated with protection in these infection models. The nucleotide sequences of the gene encoding PapA were determined for three E. coli clones expressing F7(1), F7(2), and F9 pili and were compared with corresponding sequences for other F serotypes. Specific rabbit antisera were employed in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to study the cross-reactivity between Gal-Gal pili purified from recombinant strains expressing F7(1), F7(2), F9, or F13 pili and among 60 Gal-Gal-binding wild-type strains. We present data which corroborate the concept that papA genes are highly homologous and encode proteins which exhibit greater than 70% homology among pili of different serotypes. The differences primarily occur in the cysteine-cysteine loop and variable regions and constitute the basis for serological diversity of these pili. Although there are differences in primary structures among these pili, antisera raised against pili of one serotype cross-reacted frequently with many other Gal-Gal pili of different serotypes. Furthermore, antisera raised against pili of the F13 serotype cross-reacted strongly or moderately with 52 (86%) of 60 wild-type Gal-Gal-binding E. coli strains. These data suggest that there are common immunogenic domains among these proteins. These additional data further support the hypothesis that broadly cross-protective PapA pilus vaccines for the immunoprophylaxis of pyelonephritis might be developed.
Phyto-pharmacology of Moringa oleifera Lam.ó An overview (2007)

Moringa oleifera Lam. is a small or medium-sized tree, about 10 m high, cultivated throughout India. It is a multipurpose tree, used as vegetable, spice, a source of cooking and cosmetic oil and as a medicinal plant. It is reported to contain alkaloids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins and cinnamates. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihyperlipidaemic, antifertility, anticancer, antihepatotoxic and antiulcer activities. Further, activity guided phytochemical and phytoanalytical studies may lead to development of novel agents to be used in various disorders. An overview of chemical constituents present in the plant and their pharmacological actions are given in the present paper.
Hydrolytic Activities of Crystalline Cellulose Nanofibers (2013)

Cellulose is commonly believed to be inactive to organic substances; this inertness is an essential requirement for raw materials in industrial products. Here we demonstrate the contradictory but promising properties, which are the hydrolytic activities of crystalline cellulose nanofibers for the ester, monophosphate, and even amide bonds of small organic substrates under extremely mild conditions (neutral pH, moderate temperature, and atmospheric pressure). The hydrolytic activities were significantly extended to decompose the coat proteins of model viruses, followed by a drastic decrease in their infection capabilities to the host cells.
A lentiviral vector‐based adenovirus fiber‐pseudotyping approach for expedited functional assessment of candidate retargeted fibers (2009)

LV-based fiber-pseudotyping was established as a convenient method for testing modified fibers for functionality within Ad particles. Furthermore, a new chimeric fiber was found to be inadequate for Ad retargeting. The folding difficulties encountered for this particular fiber might be generally inherent to the use (i.e. for genetic Ad capsid incorporation) of complex, disulfide bridge-containing natural ligands.
Topical Oxygen Emulsion (2007)

The results obtained from this double-blind, control, in vivo study demonstrate that TOE can significantly enhance the rate of epithelialization of partial-thickness excisional wounds and second-degree burns. These findings could have considerable clinical implications for patients with surgical and burn wounds by providing functional skin at an earlier date to act as a barrier against environmental factors, such as bacteria invasion. Other types of wounds may also benefit from this therapy (eg, chronic wounds and surgical incisions). Additional studies, including clinical studies, are warranted.
Fullwave volumetric Maxwell solver using conduction modes (2006)

We present a gridless method for solving the interior problem for a set of conductors in an homogeneous dielectric, at sufficiently high frequencies, valid for conductor lengths that are not small compared to the minimum wavelength, and transverse dimensions that are large compared to the skin depth. For IC applications, we cover the regime 10-100 GHz and the inclusion of all relevant wire dimensions. We decompose the electromagnetic field in terms of the eigenfunctions of the Helmholtz equation for three dimensional current distributions inside the conductors. Using a relatively small number of modes per conductor we obtain results comparable to filament or mesh decompositions using a much larger dimensionality for the resulting linear problem. The method is an extension to the fullwave regime of a method introduced in (Daniel et al., 2001)
On the extraction of interface trap density in the Pt/La2O3/Ge gate stack and the determination of the charge neutrality level in Ge (2009)

The study of trap densities at the oxide-semiconductor interface of the new generation of field-effect transistors is essential for the optimization of their electrical performance. The conventional conductance method, which was efficiently applied to Si, turns out to be less appropriate on alternative substrates, such as the lower band gap germanium (Ge), because of the strong influence of minority carrier processes. Recent investigations show that these restrictions might be severe and lead to incorrect conclusions. We identify here the appearance of such processes, compare the conventional conductance method with the full conductance method of Martens et al., IEEE Electron Device Lett. 27, 405 (2006), and propose an extension of the latter. By applying a reverse bias to source and drain with respect to the substrate, it becomes possible to separate, on the same device, the contribution of electron and hole trap distributions. Our approach allows us to determine the position of the charge neutrality level at the surface of the semiconductor, which is found to be at 0.14 eV above the valence band.
Comparison of pupillary dynamics to light in the mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and normal populations (2016)

MTBI adversely affects the PLR. This suggests an impairment of the autonomic nervous system. The findings suggest the potential for quantitative pupillary dynamics to serve as an objective mTBI biomarker.
Dissecting the role of MPS1 in chromosome biorientation and the spindle checkpoint through the small molecule inhibitor reversine (2010)

The catalytic activity of the MPS1 kinase is crucial for the spindle assembly checkpoint and for chromosome biorientation on the mitotic spindle. We report that the small molecule reversine is a potent mitotic inhibitor of MPS1. Reversine inhibits the spindle assembly checkpoint in a dose-dependent manner. Its addition to mitotic HeLa cells causes the ejection of Mad1 and the ROD-ZWILCH-ZW10 complex, both of which are important for the spindle checkpoint, from unattached kinetochores. By using reversine, we also demonstrate that MPS1 is required for the correction of improper chromosome-microtubule attachments. We provide evidence that MPS1 acts downstream from the AURORA B kinase, another crucial component of the error correction pathway. Our experiments describe a very useful tool to interfere with MPS1 activity in human cells. They also shed light on the relationship between the error correction pathway and the spindle checkpoint and suggest that these processes are coregulated and are likely to share at least a subset of their catalytic machinery.
Pneumatic Pulldown 16mm Projector (1954)

An experimental model of a 16mm projector is described in which air pressure is used to effect pulldown of the film. Some results of speed tests for this type of pulldown are discussed.
Lokale LEA29Y Expression verhindert die Abstoßung porziner Inselzellcluster im humanisierten Mausmodell (2012)

Fragestellung: Die Transplantation transgener Schweineinseln, die immunmodulatorische Moleküle exprimieren, stellt eine vielversprechende Option zur Behandlung des Typ 1 Diabetes dar, mit der sowohl das Problem des Mangels an Spenderorganen gelöst als auch die Nebenwirkungen der erforderlichen immunsuppressiven Therapie reduziert werden könnte. Das therapeutische Potential von Pankreasinseln von neu generierten transgenen Schweinen, die LEA29Y (ein Derivat von CTLA4-Ig) spezifisch in den β-Zellen exprimieren, wurde in der folgenden Studie untersucht.
Cation‐selectivity of the <scp>l</scp>‐glutamate transporters of <i>Escherichia coli, Bacillus stearothermophilus</i> and <i>Bacillus caldotenax</i>: dependence on the environment in which the proteins are expressed (1995)

L-Glutamate transport by the H(+)-glutamate and Na(+)-glutamate symport proteins of Escherichia coli K-12 (GltPEc and GltSEc, respectively) and the Na(+)-H(+)-glutamate symport proteins of Bacillus stearothermophilus (GltTBs) and Bacillus caldotenax (GltTBc) was studied in membrane vesicles derived from cells in which the proteins were either homologously or heterologously expressed. Substrate and inhibitor specificity studies indicate that GltPEc, GltTBs and GltTBc fall into the same group of transporters, whereas GltSEc is distinctly different from the others. Also, the cation specificity of GltSEc is different; GltSEc transported L-glutamate with (at least) two Na+, whereas GltPEc, GltTBs and GltTBc catalysed an electrogenic symport of L-glutamate with > or = two H+, i.e. when the proteins were expressed in E. coli. Surprisingly studies in membrane vesicles of B. stearothermophilus and B. caldotenax indicated a Na(+)-H(+)-L-glutamate symport for both GltTBs and GltTBc. The Na+ dependency of the GltT transporters in the Bacillus strains increased with temperature. These observations suggest that the conformation of the transport proteins in the E. coli and the Bacillus membranes differs, which influences the coupling ion selectivity.
Preparation and Characterization of Nitrated Poly(Aryl Ether Ketone) (1995)

Abstract The controlled nitration of poly(oxy-1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenylenecarbonyl-1,4-phenylene) (PEEK) is reported. Polymers with five different levels of nitration were prepared. IR spectroscopic studies and elemental analyses were performed to determine the substitution pattern; thermal analyses determined the dependence of the glass transition temperature measured by DSC, and the degradation behavior on the level of nitration was measured by TGA, combined with other analyses. All nitration products were amorphous, with T g going up and thermal stability going down with increasing nitration. Room temperature solubility in 14 solvent, with a range of solubility parameter values, has been evaluated and reported for the nitrated PEEKs.
The Role of 5–Hydroxytryptamine (5–HT) Receptor Subtypes and Plasticity in the 5–HT Systems in the Regulation of Nociceptive Sensitivity (1993)

This review shows that the role of 5–hydroxytryptamine (5–HT) in the regulation of nociception depends on the 5–HT receptor subtypes involved and on long-term functional changes in the 5–HT receptors. Stimulation of the 5–HT 1 receptors, as well as of the 5–HT 2 and 5–HT 3 receptors, may reduce nociceptive sensitivity. In addition, activation of 5–HT 2 and 5–HT 3 receptors may also enhance nociceptive sensitivity. Up- or down-regulation of the 5–HT receptors may result in long-lasting changes, plasticity, in the 5–HT systems. Lesioning of 5–HT neurons induces denervation supersensitivity to 5–HT, and prolonged stimulation of 5–HT receptors may produce subsensitivity to 5–HT. In the spinal cord denervation supersensitivity to 5–HT may depend on reduced release of substance P (SP). An increase in the release of SP, on the other hand, may reduce the effects of 5–HT receptor activation. Long-term treatment with antidepressants which are used in clinical pain therapy appears to up-regulate the 5–HT 1 receptors and to down-regulate the 5–HT 2 receptors.