gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Terahertz Pioneers A Series of Interviews With Significant Contributors to Terahertz Science and Technology (2013)

As a tribute to individuals who have contributed significantly, and over many years, to the teraHertz community, and as a guide and inspiration for those who are just beginning their professional association with this field of study, these transactions have included, on a regular basis, a series of biographical interviews with technical researchers who have appreciably impacted the THz community in a positive manner. In order to go beyond a strict technical review and to take better advantage of the information and commentary only available through a direct discussion, these articles take on a less formal style than the research articles that can be found within the remaining pages of the transactions. The Editor-in-Chief (EiC) has taken some leeway in this regard, for the benefit of communicating more fully the character, experiences, and historic circumstances that have shaped our community and set the directions for our collective research. As a further means of assuring that the true flavor and circumstances of the contributions are expressed in the text, all of the articles are compiled after a face-to-face interview. The final text is shared with, and often helped considerably, by comments from the subject of the article. The EiC, with the support of the IEEE MTT Publications Committee, has chosen to incorporate these biographical articles within the more formal technical journal because of the diversity of disciplines that make up the THz community and the prior absence of a single unifying publication with sufficient outreach to extend across the whole of the RF and optical THz disciplines. The EiC hopes you will enjoy the short diversion of reading these articles as much as he himself enjoys the process of writing them.
Diagnostic accuracy of large-core needle biopsy for nonpalpable breast disease: a meta-analysis (2000)

For the evaluation of non-palpable lesions of the breast, image-guided large-core needle biopsies are increasingly replacing needle-localized open breast biopsies. In this study, the diagnostic accuracy of this minimally invasive technique was evaluated by reviewing the available literature. Five cohort studies were included in a meta-analysis. Sensitivity rate, histological agreement between needle biopsy and subsequent surgery or long-term mammographic follow-up and clinical consequences for different disease prevalences were assessed. The sensitivity rate of large-core needle biopsy for the diagnosis of breast cancer was high (97%). The reclassified agreement rate between core biopsy and subsequent surgical biopsy or long-term mammographic follow-up was also high (94%). In case of 20% breast cancer prevalence among women referred after screening (as in the US), the risk of breast cancer despite benign large-core needle biopsy result is less than 1%. In European countries, however, prevalence of breast cancer among referred women is 60-70%. This would result in a risk of breast cancer despite benign large-core needle biopsy result of 4-6%. The results of this meta-analysis indicate that the image guided large-core needle biopsy is a promising alternative for the needle localized breast biopsy. However, additional research is needed to explore the limiting factors of the technique. Without such detailed knowledge, a benign histological diagnosis on large-core needle biopsy in countries with high prevalence of malignancy among referred women should be interpreted with caution.
Raman-shifted eye-safe aerosol lidar (2004)

The design features of, and first observations from, a new elastic backscatter lidar system at a wavelength of 1543 nm are presented. The transmitter utilizes stimulated Raman scattering in high-pressure methane to convert fundamental Nd:YAG radiation by means of the 1st Stokes shift. The wavelength-converting gas cell features multipass operation and internal fans. Unlike previous lidar developments that used Raman scattering in methane, the pump beam is not focused in the present configuration. This feature prevents optical breakdown of the gas inside the cell. Additionally, the gas cell is injection seeded by a diode to improve conversion efficiency and beam quality. The receiver uses a 40.6-cm-diameter telescope and a 200-microm InGaAs avalanche photodiode. The system is capable of operating in a dual-wavelength mode (1064 and 1543 nm simultaneously) for comparison or in a completely eye-safe mode. The system is capable of transmitting an energy of more than 200 mJ/pulse at 10 Hz. Aerosol backscatter data from vertical and horizontal pointing periods are shown.
Hepcidin expression and iron transport in alveolar macrophages (2006)

Alveolar macrophages express many proteins important in iron homeostasis, including the iron importer divalent metal transport 1 (DMT1) and the iron exporter ferroportin 1 (FPN1) that likely participate in lung defense. We found the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin (HAMP) is also produced by alveolar macrophages. In mouse alveolar macrophages, HAMP mRNA was detected at a low level when not stimulated but at a high level when exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS also affected the mRNA levels of the iron transporters, with DMT1 being upregulated and FPN1 downregulated. However, iron had no effect on HAMP expression but was able to upregulate both DMT1 and FPN1 in alveolar macrophages. IL-1 and IL-6, which are important in HAMP augmentation in hepatocytes, also did not affect HAMP expression in alveolar macrophages. In fact, the LPS-induced alterations in the expression of HAMP as well as DMT1 and FPN1 were preserved in the alveolar macrophages isolated from IL-1 receptor or IL-6-deficient mice. When alveolar macrophages were loaded with transferrin-bound (55)Fe, the subsequent release of (55)Fe was inhibited significantly by LPS. In addition, treatment of these cells with either LPS or HAMP caused the diminishment of the surface FPN1. These findings are consistent with the current model that HAMP production leads to a decreased iron efflux. Our studies suggest that iron mobilization by alveolar macrophages can be affected by iron and LPS via several pathways, including HAMP-mediated degradation of FPN1, and that these cells may use unique regulatory mechanisms to cope with iron imbalance in the lung.
The Fourth R (1957)

What is the fourth R? According to Kimball Wiles, it is Human Relations—the most basic of all skills. Are we accepting the fourth R as one that cannot be evaded? Or are we like ostriches hiding our heads in the sand, oblivious to its existence? Recent research findings and some down-to-earth ways of weaving the fourth R into daily school life are given here.
Analysis of U-Shaped Expansion Joints (1962)

An elastic analysis of U-shaped expansion joints under axial loads and internal or external pressure is presented. The analysis employs the energy method for the toroidal sections, and the theory of symmetrical bending of circular plates augmented by thickwalled cylinder analysis for the annular plate connecting the two toroidal sections. The general solution permits the investigation of any U-shaped expansion joint falling in the range of thin shells, for any arbitrary combination of axial force and pressure loading. Different forming radii may be assigned to the inner and outer toroidal sections, and it is permissible to vary the average thicknesses of the two toroidal sections and the interconnecting annular plate independently. Expressions are given for the load-extension and load-stress characteristics of U-shaped expansion joints, and a numerical example is presented comparing the present solution with results of existing approximate analyses. The method presented here lends itself readily to programming on an electronic computer.
The viral safety of intravenous immune globulin (1996)

The viral safety of intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) preparations has been investigated since 1983 when it was discovered that non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) could be transmitted by an experimental IVIG preparation. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the virus causing NANBH is the hepatitis C virus (HCV). A number of subsequent episodes of HCV transmission by IVIG have been reported, but not all the factors that have led to this transmission are clearly understood. However, based on two episodes of HCV transmission by anti-D immune globulin (formulated for intravenous administration), it appears that cold ethanol fractionation is important in ensuring viral safety because both of the implicated anti-D immune globulin preparations were manufactured without cold ethanol fractionation. Other HCV transmission episodes have been associated with chromatography (particularly DEAE-Sephadex chromatography) as a separation step carried out to further purify IgG, after cold ethanol fractionation, and it is possible that such a procedure has only a marginal partitioning capacity for infective HCV virions. The role of anti-HCV screening in improving the viral safety of IVIG preparations remains unclear, but a recent transmission episode by a previously safe IVIG preparation suggests that the absence of anti-HCV antibodies during plasma fractionation may affect the partitioning characteristics of HCV and may also cause a loss of neutralizing antibody against HCV. All of the IVIG preparations associated with HCV transmission have been formulated as freeze-dried preparations and this may have been important in stabilizing HCV during the period prior to administration to patients. No other viruses appear to have been transmitted by IVIG preparations, but prior to seroconversion, HCV-infected plasma donors may continue to contaminate plasma pools used for the manufacture of blood products, despite anti-HCV screening, and additional viral inactivation steps such as incubation at pH4 or solvent-detergent treatment should be incorporated into the production process of all IVIG preparations.
Focus Group Assessment of Culturally Specific Cholesterol-Lowering Menus for Mexican Americans. (2004)

This study focus tested the acceptability of a set of six 1400 kcal and six 1800 kcal culturally appropriate cholesterol-lowering menus developed for low-income Mexican-Americans with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The focus group, made up of 11 low-income Mexican-American women without SLE, found the menus to be generally culturally valid, palatable, easy to prepare, affordable, and the ingredients easily available. Most 1800 kcal menus were found to be filling whereas most 1400 kcal menus were found to be non-satiating. The major suggestions made that would not adversely affect the dietary goals included providing more food in some of the breakfast and lunch menus and less in many of the dinner menus, reserving cooked breakfast for the weekends, and eating salad without oil dressing. The suggestion to include more salad with avocados and guacamole would be appropriate provided these ingredients are eaten in moderation. The subjects made a number of comments that may challenge the dietary goals. They were not willing to choose low-fat milk and drink enough milk, prepare egg dishes without egg yolk, and choose corn tortillas rather than flour tortillas. They also suggested providing some high saturated fat and high cholesterol desserts and entrees and believed that certain low-fat foods are less affordable than the high-fat counterparts. Spanish:
Clinical Challenges in Patients with Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: Canadian Expert Consensus Recommendations (2015)

Venous thromboembolism is a common complication in cancer patients, and thromboembolism is the second most common cause of death after cancer progression. A number of clinical practice guidelines provide recommendations for the management of cancer-associated thrombosis. However, the guidelines lack recommendations covering commonly encountered clinical challenges (for example, thrombocytopenia, recurrent venous thromboembolism, etc.) for which little or no evidence exists. Accordingly, recommendations were developed to provide expert guidance to medical oncologists and other health care professionals caring for patients with cancer-associated thrombosis. The current expert consensus was developed by a team of 21 clinical experts. For each identified clinical challenge, the literature in medline, embase, and Evidence Based Medicine Reviews was systematically reviewed. The quality of the evidence was assessed, summarized, and graded. Consensus statements were generated, and the experts voted anonymously using a modified Delphi process on their level of agreement with the various statements. Statements were progressively revised through separate voting iterations and were then finalized. Clinicians using these recommendations and suggestions should tailor patient management according to the risks and benefits of the treatment options, patient values and preferences, and local cost and resource allocations.
Abstracts of Communications (1974)

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Elektrische Untersuchungen an „zusatzfreien” Zinndioxydschichten hoher Elektronenkonzentration im Temperaturbereich zwischen 90 °K bis etwa 290 deg;K (1963)

Abstract Es wird über elektrische Untersuchungen an „zusatzfreien”︁ Zinndioxydschichten mit spezifischen Leitfähigkeiten zwischen 10 −1 bis etwa 3 · 10 2 Ω −1 bzw. mit Elektronenkonzentrationen zwischen 10 18 bis 2 · 10 20 cm −3 berichtet. Die Schichten wurden nach dem Gaszersetzungsverfahren hergestellt. Bei Zimmertemperatur wurde ein nichtlinearer Zusammenhang zwischen spezifischer Leitfähigkeit σ und Elektronenkonzentration N gefunden: σ ∼ N 4/3 . Unter der Voraussetzung eines parabolischen Leitungsbandes kann daraus (für hohe Elektronenkonzentrationen ist das Elektronengas weitgehend entartet) auf ein Stoßzeit‐Energie‐Gesetz der Gestalt: τ = S 1/2 E 1/2 geschlossen werden. Im Bereich der Zimmertemperatur überwiegt die Streuung an longitudinalen optischen Gitterschwingungen mit einer effektiven charakteristischen Temperatur von Θ lo ≈ 150 °K. Mit Hilfe bekannter optischer Eigenschaften des SnO 2 wurde nach der Theorie von HOWARTH und SONDHEIMER die spezifische Leitfähigkeit grob abgeschätzt und mit dem Experiment verglichen, um einen Anhaltspunkt über die effektive Masse im Leitungsband und über den Absolutwert des Vorfaktors S 1/2 des Stoßgesetzes zu erhalten. Die im Rahmen der Arbeit praktizierte Untersuchungs‐ und Auswertemethodik beansprucht allgemeines Interesse, wenn es darauf ankommt, Einblick in den Streumechanismus eines Halbleiters mit parabolischer Bandstruktur im Entartungsfall zu erhalten.
Sams Teach Yourself OpenOffice.org 2, Firefox and Thunderbird for Windows All in One (Sams Teach Yourself) (2005)

The three leading open source alternatives to Microsoft Office, Internet Explorer and Outlook are OpenOffice.org, Firefox and Thunderbird. If you are looking to make the migration to these open source applications, Sams Teach Yourself OpenOffice.org 2, Firefox and Thunderbird All in One will help you throughout your entire transition. This complete step-by-step tutorial will show you how to: Write words with Writer. Crunch numbers with Calc. Impress audiences with Impress. Find your inner artist with Draw. Enhance your work with OpenOffice.org's other features.The included CD will provide you with the complete OpenOffice.org installation for Windows, Linux and Macintosh platforms, as well as the latest versions of Firefox and Thunderbird. Make a smooth transition to open source with Sams Teach Yourself OpenOffice.org 2, Firefox and Thunderbird All in One.
DockerFinder: Multi-attribute Search of Docker Images (2017)

Docker containers run from Docker images, which can be distributed through so-called Docker registries. The currently available support for searching images in registries is however limited. Available registries (e.g., Docker Hub) only permit searching images "by name", i.e. by specifying a term occurring in the image name, in the image description or in the name of the user that created such image. In this paper we try to enhance the support for discovering Docker images by introducing DockerFinder, a microservice-based prototype that permits searching for images based on multiple attributes, e.g., image name, image size, or supported software distributions. DockerFinder crawls images from a remote Docker registry, it automatically analyses such images to produce multi-attribute descriptions to be stored in a local repository, and it permits searching for images by querying the local repository.
Surface-Plasmon Resonances in Single Metallic Nanoparticles (1998)

Using a near-field optical antenna effect, we measure the homogeneous line shape of the surface-plasmon resonance in single gold nanoparticles. The surface-plasmon dephasing times extracted from the near-field spectra of the individual particles vary around 8 fs. This mean value agrees with calculations based on Mie theory, which neglect surface effects. Deviations of individual particles from this value are interpreted as being due to variations in the local nanoenvironment. We also observe double-peaked line shapes caused by electromagnetic coupling between close-lying particles.
Information Literacy Skills among Faculty Members of Polytechnic Colleges in Karnataka: A Study (2015)

The present study is focused on members of faculty of Selected Polytechnic Colleges situated across Karnataka State. For the collection of data structured questionnaire was prepared based on ACRL standard and random survey method was used. All the respondents 100.00% are in need of information. 90.90% faculty members use basic search to search information.70% faculty members can recognize the different sources of information for their requirement. Only 23.01% faculty members can able to identify the correct keywords for a given topic. About 39.04% faculty members are facing virus problem for accessing electronic information. The output of the study shows that more than 60% of the faculty members acquire Information Literacy Skills.
Accelerating OLAP Workload on Interconnected FPGAs with Flash Storage (2014)

The data volume used in online analytical processing (OLAP) applications is rapidly increasing because of the increasing popularity of various Web services and emerging sensor technologies. Since the amount of accumulated data is frequently too large to store in an in-memory database, it is necessary to have a secondary storage to store such big data. On the basis of this premise, the most important factor to determine the performance of data-intensive applications is to reduce the number and the size of the data transfers between the secondary storage and the main memory. To achieve an energy-efficient computing environment, offloading a user-defined function (UDF) onto interconnected FPGA-boards that equip high-speed storage is effective due to FPGA's performance ratio of operations per I/O. In this paper, we focus on the aggregate operations that are popularly used UDF in OLAP, and propose an acceleration scheme utilizing interconnected FPGAs with flash storage. The scheme is by introducing an accelerator modules which apply operations to data-stream passing through the FPGA, in addition to appropriate data distribution and partitioning. We implemented an accelerator module that aggregates the data transferred from the flash storage to the DRAM in order to show availability. Through preliminary evaluations of the accelerator, we confirmed that aggregate operations supported by the active-disk mechanism outperforms a software-based database management system by more than 30 times.
Block-Based Hybrid Video Coding Using Motion-Compensated Long-Term Memory Prediction (1997)

: Our new approach extends the spatial displacement vector utilized in block-based hybrid video coding by a variable time delay permitting the use of more frames than the previously decoded one for motion compensation. The longterm memory covers the decoded frames of some seconds at the encoder&apos;s as well as the decoder&apos;s side. This scheme is well suited in cases of repetition in the sequence, e.g. a head is rotating back into its old position, or if the camera is shaking. However, transmission of the variable time delay requires additional bit-rate which may be prohibitive when the size of the long-term memory increases. Therefore, we control the bit-rate of the motion information by employing rate-constrained motion estimation. Simulation results are obtained by integrating long-term memory prediction into an H.263 codec. PSNR improvements up to 2 dB for the Foreman sequence and 1.5 dB for the Mother-Daughter sequence are demonstrated in comparison to the TMN-2.0 H.263 coder. 1. INTRO...
Expression of a CD3 epsilon transgene in CD3 epsilon(null) mice does not restore CD3 gamma and delta expression but efficiently rescues T cell development from a subpopulation of prothymocytes. (1998)

The TCR-associated CD3 complex consists of four subunits, i.e. CD3 gamma, delta, epsilon and zeta, which are expressed very early in T cell development prior to the expression of the TCR and the pre-TCR alpha chain. It is unclear whether the expression of each CD3 protein is independent of, or is influenced by, other CD3 subunits. To study whether CD3 epsilon regulates expression of CD3 gamma and delta genes, we generated a strain of CD3 epsilon-deficient mice termed CD3 epsilon(delta P/delta P) (epsilon(delta P)), in which the promoter of CD3E was disrupted, and subsequently reconstituted these mice with a CD3 epsilon transgene. In the epsilon(delta P) mice, T cell development is arrested at the double-negative stage and targeting the CD3 epsilon gene caused severe inhibition of CD3 gamma and delta gene expression. Introduction of the CD3 epsilon transgene did not restore CD3 gamma and delta expression. However, a very small fraction of prothymocytes that expressed CD3 gamma and delta was rescued upon reconstitution of the CD3 epsilon transgene. Remarkably, this rescue led to a very efficient differentiation and maturation of thymocytes, resulting in a significant T cell population in the periphery. These results demonstrate that CD3 epsilon does not regulate expression of CD3 gamma and delta genes, and underscore the capacity of each prothymocyte to give rise to a large number of mature peripheral T cells.
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Lactococcus lactis from milk and plants (2006)

The lactic acid bacteria obtained from plants in this study may be applicable for use in the dairy product industry.
Synthesis and properties of siloxane modified perylene bisimide discotic liquid crystals (2013)

A series of symmetric and asymmetric 1,6,7,12-tetrachloroperylene bisimides (PBICls) were synthesized and modified by siloxane substituents at the imide nitrogen atom. Siloxane substitutions do not apparently affect the electronic properties of PBICIs as demonstrated by CV experiments. They display both thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystalline behaviors. The effect of different siloxane substituents on their liquid crystal structures was investigated in detail. Small angle X-ray scattering indicates that PBICls adopt hexagonal columnar packing in thermotropic liquid crystals. In addition, PBICls exhibit good optical properties, good solubility and film-forming ability. Thus the oriented films of PBICl liquid crystals could be easily fabricated by mechanical shear, which show anisotropic properties in UV-vis absorption spectra.