gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Today's Revolution in Management Education (1981)

Hogarth recently identified that what was mainly missing in the evaluation of management training was a model of what was intended to be achieved in the first place. If we have no clear idea what effects are sought, the most sophisticated measurement techniques are to no avail. Foy also argued recently that more boundary crossing was needed in the 1980s between Business Schools and company training departments. If we put their two well substantiated propositions together, we have a need for a model and a programme of activities in management training which straddles both the Business School's resources and the company's learning environment. Visually, this is traditionally accomplished by a Venn diagram, and in Figure 1 this is attempted.
GPi-DBS may induce a hypokinetic gait disorder with freezing of gait in patients with dystonia (2011)

A hypokinetic gait disorder with FOG can be a complication of GPi-DBS.
Receptor cross-linking restores an insulin metabolic effect altered by mutation on tyrosine 1162 and tyrosine 1163 (1989)

The pivotal role that the tyrosine residues in positions 1162 and 1163 play in the control of the insulin action has been clearly established by substitution of these tyrosine residues for phenylalanine [Ellis, L. (1986) Cell 45, 721-732]. We have recently found that this type of mutation, which abolishes the effects of insulin on glucose metabolism, was without any effect on the mitogenic effect of the hormone [Debant, A. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (in press)]. Here, we provide evidence that a polyclonal antibody, raised against the human insulin receptor, can restore the receptor-mediated stimulation of glycogen synthesis that was abolished by the mutation. Stimulation of the biological effect by the anti-receptor antibody did not necessitate, whatsoever, the activation of the tyrosine kinase activity and/or receptor autophosphorylation. Furthermore, the antibody-induced reversal of the mutation was not observed when we used Fab fragments alone, but addition of anti-(Fab')2 IgG in a second step resulted in a similar effect as that observed with intact IgG. We propose that Tyr 1162 and Tyr 1163 exert their control on the metabolic effects of insulin through the modulation of receptor aggregation.
Antidepressant effect of quercetin 3-O-apiosyl (1→2)-[rhamnosyl(1→6)]-glucoside in mice (2000)

The antidepressant effect and possible mechanism of quercetin 3-O-apiosyl(1→2)-[rhamnosyl (1→6)]-glucoside (CTN-986), a new compound isolated from aqueous extract of detoxified cottonseeds were observed. In forced swimming test of mice, administration of CTN-986 (0.31, 1,25, 5 mg·kg~(-1), ip) reduced the duration time of immobility to 80.4%, 81.1% and 72.4% of the controls, respectively. After incubation with the PC12 cells in the presence of corticosterone (0.2 mmol·L~(-1)) for 48 h, CTN-986 (4, 13, 40 mumol·L~(-1)) protected PC12 cells from the injury by corticosterone. The results suggest that CTN-986 have antidepressant effect, and the cytoprotective effects of CTN-986 be the possible mechanism of its antidepressant effect.
Antibody response to Escherichia coli O antigens and influence of the protein moiety of the endotoxin. (1977)

Exposure of mice to different serotypes of E. coli bacteria, either O4 or O6, resulted in an enhanced indirect IgG-PFC response to the alternate bacteria. This effect seemed to be mediated by a protein connected with the endotoxin structure. This protein moiety had some weak adjuvant activities and increased the antibody response against sheep red blood cell about two-fold. This effect was not likely to be due to any contamination with the B-cell mitogen lipid A, a constituent of the endotoxin from which the protein was isolated. In addition, experiments were performed in which irradiated spleen cells (0–400 R) from mice injected with E. coli O4 bacteria were transferred to irradiated (800 R) recipients together with E. coli O6 bacteria. Decreasing numbers of antibody forming cells with increasing irradiation dose were found. The parallel experiment employing E. coli O6 bacteria for both primary and secondary antigen injections revealed an increased immune response for an irradiation dose of 50 R, showing that suppressor cells are more irradiation sensitive than the other cells involved in this immune response, but that the effect of such cells is possibly overcome by the influence of the protein residue isolated from endotoxin. A secondary response to E. coli O6 bacteria was also noted in agreement with previous results. It was found that this immune response could be reduced drastically by injecting primed thymocytes, simultaneously with the second injection.
Cardiovascular Effects of Nociceptin in Unanesthetized Mice (1999)

We evaluated the systemic hemodynamic effects induced by nociceptin (NC) and NC-related peptides, including the NC receptor antagonist [Phe1psi(CH2-NH)Gly2]NC(1-13)NH2 ([F/G]NC(1-13)NH2) in unanesthetized normotensive Swiss Morini mice. Bolus intravenous injection of NC decreased mean blood pressure and heart rate. The hypotensive response to 10 nmol/kg NC lasted <10 minutes, whereas a more prolonged hypotension was evoked by 100 nmol/kg (from 114+/-3 to 97+/-2 mm Hg at 10 minutes, P<0.01). The latter dose reduced heart rate from 542+/-43 to 479+/-31 beats/min (P<0.05) and increased aortic blood flow by 41+/-5% (P<0.05). Hypotension and bradycardia were also evoked by NC(1-17)NH2 and NC(1-13)NH2 fragments, whereas NC(1-13)OH and NC(1-9)NH2 were ineffective. Thiorphan, an inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase 24.11, enhanced the hypotension induced by NC(1-13)NH2 and revealed the ability of NC(1-13)OH to decrease mean blood pressure. [F/G]NC(1-13)NH2, a recently synthesized antagonist of the NC receptor, did not alter basal mean blood pressure or heart rate, but it prevented the hypotension, bradycardia, and increase in aortic blood flow evoked by NC. In contrast, [F/G]NC(1-13)NH2 did not alter the hypotension induced by bradykinin or endomorphin-1 (a micro-receptor agonist), and the bradycardia induced by leu-enkephalin (a delta-receptor agonist) or U504885 (a synthetic kappa-receptor agonist). In conclusion, NC and some of its fragments cause hypotension and bradycardia and increase aortic blood flow in mice, with the NC(1-13) sequence being critical for these biological effects. Our results also demonstrate that the compound [F/G]NC(1-13)NH2 is a potent and selective antagonist of the NC receptor in vivo.
Kisspeptin-54 triggers egg maturation in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (2014)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01667406.
Space shuttle program: Automatic rendezvous, proximity operations, and capture (1991)

An overview of the current NASA JSC capabilities and ongoing activities for the design, development, and demonstration of AR&C capabilities was provided. The JSC plans for ground and flight tests/demonstrations of progressive AR&C capabilities, using the Space Shuttle are described. The Space Shuttle could provide an effective 'flying test bed' for these demonstrations.
A <i>Saccharomyces</i> gene family involved in invasive growth, cell–cell adhesion, and mating (2000)

The cell wall of bakers' yeast contains a family of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked glycoproteins of domain structure similar to the adhesins of pathogenic fungi. In wild-type cells each of these proteins has a unique function in different developmental processes (mating, invasive growth, cell-cell adhesion, or filamentation). What unifies these developmental events is adhesion, either to an inert substrate or to a cell. Although they differ in their specificities, many of these proteins can substitute for each other when overexpressed. For example, Flo11p is required during vegetative growth for haploid invasion and diploid filamentation, whereas Fig2p is required for mating. When overexpressed, Flo11p and Fig2p can function in mating, invasion, filamentation, and flocculation. The ability of Flo11p to supply Fig2p function in mating depends on its intracellular localization to the mating projection, where Fig2p normally functions in the adhesion of mating cells. Our data show that even distant family members retain the ability to carry out disparate functions if localized and expressed appropriately.
Impact of Interfacial Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells (2017)

Perovskite solar cells (PCSs) are composed of organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite as the light harvester. Since the first report on a long-term-durable, 9.7 % efficient, solid-state perovskite solar cell, organic-inorganic halide perovskites have received considerable attention because of their excellent optoelectronic properties. As a result, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 22 % was certified. Controlling the grain size, grain boundary, morphology, and defects of the perovskite layer is important for achieving high efficiency. In addition, interfacial engineering is equally or more important to further improve the PCE through better charge collection and a reduction in charge recombination. In this Review, the type of interfacial layers and their impact on photovoltaic performance are investigated for both the normal and the inverted cell architectures. Four different interfaces of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)/electron-transport layer (ETL), ETL/perovskite, perovskite/hole-transport layer (HTL), and HTL/metal are classified, and their roles are investigated. The effects of interfacial engineering with organic or inorganic materials on photovoltaic performance are described in detail. Grain-boundary engineering is also included because it is related to interfacial engineering and the grain boundary in the perovskite layer plays an important role in charge conduction, recombination, and chargecarrier life time.
Horizontal Openhole Gravel Packs Boost Oil Production in Brunei (2001)

Abstract In the last three years, openhole horizontal gravel packs have been used extensively in Brunei Shell Petroleum as a sand control method in horizontal wells. Several reasons contributed to the wide application of this completion method. First, production data indicated that horizontal openhole reservoir sections completed with stand-alone screens showed productivity decline possibly caused by screen plugging. Second, gravel packing increases the inflow area and moves damage away from the screen, thus delaying or minimising screen plugging. Third, being an openhole completion a horizontal openhole gravel pack gives a lower skin than a cased-hole completion. To date, Brunei Shell Petroleum has successfully installed twenty-one horizontal openhole gravel packs with lengths ranging from 100 m to over 1000 m. The unique challenges for horizontal gravel packing in Brunei reservoirs include shallow true vertical depth, long horizontal lengths up to over 1000 m, hole sizes ranging from 6" to 9-7/8", and well paths that crossed faults and long shale sections. Current production from the wells completed with openhole gravel packs accounts for some 18% of Brunei Shell's total oil production.
Catheter‐Tissue Contact Force Determines Atrial Electrogram Characteristics Before and Lesion Efficacy After Antral Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Humans (2013)

EGM characteristics do not reliably predict either CF before the onset of RF, nor do they predict the likelihood of an effective lesion. CF parameters were superior to power, temperature, and impedance changes during RF in predicting lesion efficacy.
Extension and Upgrading of the Computer Simulation of Range Relative Doppler Processing and Invariant Mapping for MM Wave Seekers. Volume 1 (1990)

Abstract : This report extends and updates the computer simulation of Range Relative Doppler Processing (RRDP), and Invariant Mapping for MM wave seekers, which was introduced in prior reports. A major difference between standard Synthetic Aperature and RRDP is that the return signal is heterodyned with respect to a synthetic signal corresponding to a fictitious scatterer at the center of the range cell. It follows that the implementation of RRDP depends critically on an accurate simulation of the round trip delay. For this purpose the round trip delay is expressed as a four dimensional third order Taylor expansion. The footprint reflectivity versus azimuth and range is transferred to an absolute x-y map using the Invariant Mapping Technique proposed earlier, which has been greatly improved. This report is concerned with the theory, formulas, Fortran implementation, and performance of the simulation. A separate User Manual is also available in Volume 2. (Author).
Experimental investigation of pulse generation with one-pump fiber optical parametric amplification (2012)

In a recent study, the theory of pulse generation with fiber optical parametric amplification using sinusoidal (clock) intensity modulated pump was revisited. This work showed that the pulses generated through such parametric interaction exhibit a shape which depends on the signal detuning with respect to the pump position (i.e. linear phase mismatch). A near Gaussian shape can only be achieved over a small region of the gain spectrum, close to the maximum gain location. Towards the extremities of the gain spectrum, the generated pulses take a near Sinc shape which can have many potential applications such as for all-optical Nyquist limited transmitters and/or receivers. In this paper we experimentally verify the theory at repetition rates up to 40 GHz. We also discuss the impact of noise, pump saturation and walk-off on the generated pulses.
Synthesis and Fluorescence Studies of Multiple Labeled Oligonucleotides Containing Dansyl Fluorophore Covalently Attached at 2‘-Terminus of Cytidine via Carbamate Linkage (2004)

Synthesis of modified oligonucleotides in which the specific cytidine nucleoside analogues linked at 2'-OH position via a carbamate bond with an amino ethyl derivative of dansyl fluorophore is reported. For the multiple labeling of oligonucleotides, a strategy involving prelabeling at the monomeric level followed by solid phase assembly of oligonucleotides to obtain regiospecifically labeled probes has been described. The labeled monomer was phosphitylated using 2-cyanoethyl-N,N,N',N'-tetraisopropyl-phosphoramidite (Bis-reagent) and pyridiniumtrifluoro acetate (Py.TFA) as an activator. To ascertain the minimal number of labeled monomers required for a specific length of oligonucleotide for detection and also to assess the effect of carbamate linkage on hybridization, hexamer and 20-mer sequences were selected. Both were labeled with 1, 2, and 3 monomers at the 5'-end and hybridized with normal (unmodified) complementary sequences. As compared to midsequence or 3'-terminal labeling reported earlier, the 5'-terminal labeling has been found to have minimal contact-mediated quenching on duplex formation. This may be due to complementary deoxyguanosine (dG) rich oligonucleotide sequences or CG base pairs at a terminus that is known to yield stronger binding. This is one reason for selecting cytidine for labeling. The results may aid rational design of multiple fluorescent DNA probes for nonradioactive detection of nucleic acids.
N-Terminal Polypeptide of Annexin A2 Decreases Infection of Mycoplasma hyorhinis to Gastric Cancer Cells (2016)

Mycoplasma infection in human and its contamination in cell cultures are worldwide problems. The drugs currently available for preventing or treating mycoplasma infection suffer from low sensitivity, strong resistance and high toxicity. Our previous work showed that Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyorhinis) infection was mediated by the interaction between p37 of M. hyorhinis and Annexin A2 (ANXA2) of host cells, however the translational value of this mechanism was unknown. Herein, we synthesized the N-terminal of ANXA2 polypeptide (A2PP) and found that A2PP could decrease the infection of M. hyorhinis to gastric cancer cells and block M. hyorhinis infection-induced cell migration. Furthermore, we found that A2PP could reduce M. hyorhinis contamination of passage cells. Moreover, compared with the commercial antibiotics commonly used in cell culture to prevent M. hyorhinis infection, A2PP demonstrated a more effectiveness but a low toxicity on cell growth. Thus, our study for the first time revealed A2PP's potential for the treatment and prevention of M. hyorhinis infection.
Smartphone-based fluorescence detection of bisphenol A from water samples (2017)

Smartphone-based quantification of bisphenol A (BPA) from water samples using the first demonstration of BPA-induced fluorescence quenching of 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (HPTS).
Grafting of Vegetables. (1998)

The cultivation of grafted vegetable is one of the essential cultural techniques for certain vegetables in many parts of the world where intensive and successive cropping is routinely practiced. More than 95% of the watermelons and oriental melons in Japan, Korea, Taiwan are being grafted on squash and gourd rootstocks before transplanting. The number of vegetables being grafted is estimated to be 540 million seedlings per year in Korea and 750 million in Japan. The benefits of grafting are well recognized so that illustration on vegetable grafting has become the key portion of the crop production guide pamphlets published by the government. Even though several grafting robots have been introduced to Korea from Japan, none of them are used now for practical grafting, possibly because of several unexpected limitations. In addition, most of these robots are too big to be handled and too expensive to be purchased by individual growers. Reasonably priced and easy-to-handle grafting machines are also urgently needed for the individual growers. Growing highly uniform seedlings in tray is vital for efficient grafting operation, especially for grafting by robots. Research relevant to seed germination and ways to obtain fast and uniform seed germination should be conducted to maximize the efficiency of vegetable grafting.
Age and sex‐related differences in biometrics and moult of Kittiwakes (1988)

Measurements collected from a post‐breeding population of Kittiwakes showed that juvenile Kittiwakes were smaller and lighter than older birds. Second‐summer birds showed no difference in biometrics from adults but were more advanced in moult. Males were found to be less advanced in moult than females.
YC-1, Evodiamine與Moscatilin在動脈粥狀硬化過程中對於血管平滑肌細胞與巨噬細胞的作用 (2009)

根據衛生署的統計資料顯示，腦血管與心血管疾病一直盤據國人十大死因的前幾名，整體而言約略佔死亡總人數的20%，而這些疾病都和血管細胞 (內皮細胞/平滑肌細胞) 與發炎細胞 (單核球細胞/巨噬細胞) 有關。所以，若是能夠控制發炎反應或是血管血管平滑平滑肌細胞的死亡，在疾病的治療上便會有很大的幫助。因此，本論文以血管平滑肌細胞與巨噬細胞為研究對象，來探討藥物對於細胞的保護以及其抗發炎活性。

論文第一部分主要是要來探討YC-1是否可以有效增加細胞保護蛋白Hsp70的表現以及保護血管平滑肌細胞 (VSMCs)來對抗ox-LDL所造成的細胞毒殺作用。實驗結果發現，給予YC-1後的18-24小時達到最大的Hsp70誘導作用，並且可以觀察到濃度以及時間相關性。進一步的結果顯示，YC-1可以增加熱休克蛋白轉錄因子(HSF-1) 於細胞核內的表現量以及下游基因Hsp70 mRNA的表現。同時，我們也觀察到YC-1對Hsp70的誘導作用並非透過活化已知的cGMP、ROS或是PKC這些路徑而來。最後，我們也發現YC-1對於VSMCs的保護作用也會因為細胞內的殖入siHsp70後而喪失。綜合以上觀察，我們認為在血管性疾病上，YC-1應該可以當成一個Hsp70誘導劑來保護細胞免於受到進一步的傷害。

論文第二部分為evodiamine，是由中草藥吳茱萸Evodia rutaecarpa萃取出來的活性生物鹼，我們發現這一成分可以抑制缺氧 (hypoxia) 引發巨噬細胞產生的發炎反應。根據結果顯示，evodiamine在hypoxia狀態下不但可以抑制COX-2或是iNOS蛋白的表現，也可以降低PGE2的釋放。進一步我們得知evodiamine確實可以抑制hypoxia造成的轉錄因子HIF-1a 的堆積來降低COX-2 mRNA的表現。最後也發現到，evodiamine並不會影響到HIF-1a mRNA或是加速HIF-1a的分解速度，反而是透過影響到HIF-1a的轉譯過程 (translation) 來降低HIF-1a的累積。調控轉譯過程的蛋白，除了4E-BP磷酸化受到抑制外，hypoxia造成的Akt或是p70S6K的磷酸化也都被抑制下來。這些結果顯示出evodiamine對於hypoxia產生的發炎反應主要是透過抑制轉譯過程中蛋白的磷酸化而達到抑制HIF-1a的作用。所以我們認為evodiamine或許在疾病治療上可以用來抑制缺氧所產生的發炎反應。

論文第三部分為moscatilin，是由蘭科植物石斛Dendrobium nobile的莖所得到的萃取成分。我們直接利用LPS來刺激巨噬細胞誘發發炎反應的二大轉錄因子HIF-1a與NF-kB的活化，並且觀察moscatilin對LPS的作用。我們發現moscatilin可以抑制LPS造成的巨噬細胞型態的改變以及發炎蛋白COX-2與iNOS的生成。進一步分析moscatilin對這二個轉錄因子的影響時，可以看到moscatilin主要是透過抑制HIF-1a mRNA，而與蛋白質轉譯過程或是proteasome調控的蛋白分解過程並無直接的關聯性。而moscatilin對於IkBa磷酸化也具有顯著的抑制作用，並且也抑制了p65與p50細胞核的轉移以及阻斷NF-kB與DNA的結合而達到降低NF-kB活性。整體而言，moscatilin抑制COX-2與iNOS的表現主要是透過同時抑制了HIF-1a的生成與NF-kB的活化而來。

在本論文中，我們評估了YC-1、evodiamine與moscatilin 對於動脈粥狀硬化過程中抑制細胞凋亡以及抗發炎的效果。YC-1主要可藉由增加HSF-1轉移到細胞核內以及增加Hsp70的表現量來預防氧化態低密度脂蛋白造成血管平滑肌細胞死亡的現象。此外，evodiamine與moscatilin則是分別透過抑制 HIF-1a與NF-kB來達到降低缺氧環境以及lipopolysaccharide所誘發的發炎反應。其中，evodiamine主要是透過抑制HIF-1a蛋白轉譯過程，而moscatilin則是抑制HIF-1a轉錄以及NF-kB的活性來達到降低發炎蛋白生成的效用。根據我們觀察到的現象， YC-1、evodiamine與moscatilin對於動脈斑的生成具有一定的預防效果。因此，在未來可以試著評估這些藥物在動物模式中的藥效以及用於人類疾病治療的可行性。
Synergistic effect of ditrimethoprim (diaveridine) combined with several sulfa drugs on chicken coccidiosis. (2013)

选用10日龄健康雏鸡190只,随机分为19组,每组10只.试验组和阳性对照组雏鸡人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫,建立雏鸡球虫病模型.在感染后3d开始用药,以存活率、相对增重率、盲肠病变值和盲肠卵囊值为观察指标,以抗球虫指数(ACI)为判定标准,研究二甲氧苄啶(DVD)以1∶5比例与几种磺胺药联合应用的抗球虫增效作用.结果表明,0.06％磺胺二甲嘧啶(SM2)、0.05％磺胺喹恶啉(SQ)、0.05％磺胺-6-甲氧嘧啶(SMM)、0.05％ SQ+0.06％磺胺氯吡嗪(Esb3)的ACI分别为161、142、157、147.DVD与不同浓度SM2联用的ACI分别为179、166、155;与不同浓度SQ联用的ACI分别为178、168、152;与不同浓度SMM联用的ACI分别为184、174、163；与不同浓度SQ和Esb3混合组联用的抗球虫指数分别167、176、186.表明DVD与几种磺胺药联用后均产生了抗球虫增效作用.
Towards QoS-Aware and Resource-Efficient GPU Microservices Based on Spatial Multitasking GPUs In Datacenters (2020)

While prior researches focus on CPU-based microservices, they are not applicable for GPU-based microservices due to the different contention patterns. It is challenging to optimize the resource utilization while guaranteeing the QoS for GPU microservices. We find that the overhead is caused by inter microservice communication, GPU resource contention and imbalanced throughput within microservice pipeline. We propose Camelot, a runtime system that manages GPU micorservices considering the above factors. In Camelot, a global memory-based communication mechanism enables onsite data sharing that significantly reduces the end-to-end latencies of user queries. We also propose two contention aware resource allocation policies that either maximize the peak supported service load or minimize the resource usage at low load while ensuring the required QoS. The two policies consider the microservice pipeline effect and the runtime GPU resource contention when allocating resources for the microservices. Compared with state-of-the-art work, Camelot increases the supported peak load by up to 64.5% with limited GPUs, and reduces 35% resource usage at low load while achieving the desired 99%-ile latency target.
Radical-induced lipoprotein and plasma lipid oxidation in normal and apolipoprotein E gene knockout (apoE–/–) mice: apoE–/– mouse as a model for testing the role of tocopherol-mediated peroxidation in atherogenesis (1998)

Exposure of plasma from apolipoprotein E gene knockout (apoE-/-) and control (CBA or C57BL/6J) mice plasma to a constant rate of aqueous peroxyl radicals (ROO.) resulted in the depletion of ascorbate, urate and alpha-tocopherol (alpha-TOH), with substantial and little lipid peroxidation, respectively. Alpha-TOH levels were 3-times higher in plasma from apoE-/- than control mice and its addition enhanced the oxidizability of control mouse plasma. In apoE-/- mouse plasma, alpha-TOH was associated primarily with very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), whereas in plasma from control mice, the vitamin was located largely in high density lipoproteins. Oxidation of isolated lipoproteins by ROO. resulted in the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides to an extent that reflected the plasma concentration and alpha-TOH content of the different lipoprotein fractions. Oxidation of 'plasma' reconstituted from components of apoE-/- mice and/or human plasma showed that human and apoE-/- mouse lipoproteins peroxidized with similar kinetics, although the initiation of lipid peroxidation was greater in the presence of mouse than human lipoprotein-deficient plasma. Also, the chain length of lipid peroxidation in apoE-/- mouse plasma after ascorbate depletion appeared to be independent of the rate of ROO. generation. Together, these results show that the ROO. induced peroxidation of plasma lipoproteins in atherogenesis-susceptible apoE-/- mice exhibits some, though not all, features of tocopherol-mediated peroxidation (TMP). Therefore, apoE-/- mice may represent a suitable animal model to test a role for TMP in atherogenesis and the prevention of this disease by anti-TMP agents.