gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Characterization and Human T-Cell Responses to a Member of a Novel<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis mtb39</i>Gene Family (1999)

We have used expression screening of a genomic Mycobacterium tuberculosis library with tuberculosis (TB) patient sera to identify novel genes that may be used diagnostically or in the development of a TB vaccine. Using this strategy, we have cloned a novel gene, termed mtb39a, that encodes a 39-kDa protein. Molecular characterization revealed that mtb39a is a member of a family of three highly related genes that are conserved among strains of M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis BCG but not in other mycobacterial species tested. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated the presence of Mtb39A in M. tuberculosis lysate but not in culture filtrate proteins (CFP), indicating that it is not a secreted antigen. This conclusion is strengthened by the observation that a human T-cell clone specific for purified recombinant Mtb39A protein recognized autologous dendritic cells infected with TB or pulsed with purified protein derivative (PPD) but did not respond to M. tuberculosis CFP. Purified recombinant Mtb39A elicited strong T-cell proliferative and gamma interferon responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 9 of 12 PPD-positive individuals tested, and overlapping peptides were used to identify a minimum of 10 distinct T-cell epitopes. Additionally, mice immunized with mtb39a DNA have shown increased protection from M. tuberculosis challenge, as indicated by a reduction of bacterial load. The human T-cell responses and initial animal studies provide support for further evaluation of this antigen as a possible component of a subunit vaccine for M.tuberculosis.
Alternative use of 5' exons in the specification of Ly-5 isoforms distinguishing hematopoietic cell lineages. (1987)

Previous inferences that Ly-5 glycoprotein isoforms of murine hematopoietic cells are generated by alternative splicing of primary transcripts of a single Ly-5 gene are supported by the present study. A cDNA library was prepared from B cells by extension from primer representing a known T-cell cDNA sequence. Three different Ly-5 clones from this library included sequences missing in T-cell cDNA clones. From the constitution of cDNA clones and of the Ly-5 gene, and from S1 nuclease mapping, it is concluded that at least two exons, provisionally numbered Ex-6(B) and Ex-7(B), in the 5'-proximal region are mainly represented in mRNA of the B-cell lines examined but not of the T-cell lines examined. Also, exons 1 and 2 appear to be used alternatively in different species of B-cell mRNA and probably also in different species of T-cell mRNA.
Resonance ionization spectroscopy on a fast atomic ytterbium beam (1991)

Resonance ionization spectroscopy in collinear geometry has been successfully applied to a fast beam of ytterbium atoms. The atoms were excited stepwise into a Rydberg state by pulsed laser light, ionized in an electrical field and deflected onto a secondary electron detector. The efficiency was 1*10-5 detected ions per incoming atom on a background from collisional ionization of 1*10-8. The technique has been exploited for the measurement of hyperfine structures and isotope shifts of unstable ytterbium isotopes, in particular 157Yb, 159Yb and 175Yb.
El ocaso de 'La Patria de Botines': periodismo, fútbol e identidad nacional en el Mundial de 2002 (2005)

The difference in corneal astigmatism between the PCI biometer and automated keratometer may depend on the corneal topography pattern.
Lymphocytes Are Not Required for the Rapid Onset of Coronary Heart Disease in Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I/Apolipoprotein E Double Knockout Mice (2005)

B and T lymphocytes and associated immunoglobulin-mediated inflammation are not essential for the development and progression of CHD in dKO mice. Strikingly, the dKO mice bred for this study (mixed C57BL/6xSV129xBALB/c background; strain 2) compared with the previously described dKO mice (75:25 C57BL/6:SV129 background; strain 1) had a shorter mean lifespan and steeper survival curve, characteristics especially attractive for studying the effects of environmental, pharmacological, and genetic manipulations on cardiac pathophysiology.
CD99 Immunoreactivity in Ependymoma (2001)

The expression of CD99 in normal ependymal cells and ependymoma has been reported. However, only limited numbers of tumors have been studied, and the pattern of CD99 expression has not been described. The authors' purpose was to investigate CD99 immunoreactivity in ependymoma and its use for differential diagnosis. Twenty-five ependymomas were immunostained with antibody directed at CD99. The result of immunostaining of ependymomas was compared with 63 nonependymal tumors that histologically resemble ependymal neoplasms. The nonependymal tumors included 19 astrocytic tumors, 6 oligodendroglial tumors, 8 choroid plexus neoplasms, 2 central neurocytomas, 5 medulloblastomas, 10 primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET), and 13 pituitary adenomas. All ependymomas showed strong expression of CD99 in membranous pattern with intracytoplasmic or intercellular dots (ICDs). The expression pattern of CD99 was not correlated with histologic type or grade of ependymomas. Among 63 nonependymal tumors, 11 (17.5%) showed incomplete membrane staining for CD99; diffuse in 4 PNETs and focal in 5 choroid plexus neoplasms (3 papillomas and 2 carcinomas) and one each of pituitary adenoma and oligodendroglioma. The ICD was not found in nonependymal tumors except a case of choroid plexus papilloma. However, membrane staining or ICD for CD99 was not distinctive in nonependymal tumors. In conclusion, the characteristic pattern of anti-CD99 antibody, i.e., diffuse strong membranous immunostaining with ICDs, is useful in distinguishing ependymomas from the central nervous system tumors that histologically mimic ependymoma.
Characterization of chronic constriction of the saphenous nerve, a model of neuropathic pain in mice showing rapid molecular and electrophysiological changes (2006)

Neuropathic pain is one of the most inextricable problems encountered in clinics, because few facts are known about its etiology. Nerve injury often leads to allodynia and hyperalgesia, which are symptoms of neuropathic pain. The aim of this study was to understand some molecular and electrophysiological mechanisms of neuropathic pain after chronic constriction of the saphenous nerve (CCS) in mice. After surgery, CCS mice displayed significant allodynia and hyperalgesia, which were sensitive to acute systemic injection of morphine (4 mg/kg), gabapentin (50 mg/kg), amitriptyline (10 mg/kg), and the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2 (5 mg/kg). These behavioral changes were accompanied after surgery by an increase of c-Fos expression and by an overexpression of mu-opioid and cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors in the spinal cord and the dorsal hind paw skin. In combination with the skin-nerve preparation, this model showed a decrease in functional receptive fields downstream to the injury and the apparition of A-fiber ectopic discharges. In conclusion, CCS injury induced behavioral, molecular, and electrophysiological rearrangements that might help us in better understanding the peripheral mechanisms of neuropathic pain. This model takes advantage of the possible use in the future of genetically modified mice and of an exclusively sensory nerve for a comprehensive study of peripheral mechanisms of neuropathic pain.
EVALUACIÓN PRELIMINAR DE LA ESTABILIDAD FÍSICA, FÍSICO-QUÍMICA Y MICROBIOLOGÍA DE LA TINTURA DE ITAMO REAL 20 % (2008)

It was carried out a preliminary study to evaluate the quality of Itamo real´s tincture 20 %, to the 0,3 and 6 months. From September 2003 to February 2004 w...
Cervical Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections (2007)

This study demonstrates a significant risk of serious neurologic injury after cervical TF-ESIs. A growing body of evidence supports an embolic mechanism, whereby inadvertent intra-arterial injection of particulate corticosteroid causes a distal infarct. Embolism to the distal basilar artery region can cause midbrain, pons, cerebellum, thalamus, temporal and occipital lobe infarctions. Other potential mechanisms of infarction include vertebral artery perforation causing dissection/thrombosis and needle-induced vasospasm.
How human serum albumin‐selective <scp>DNA</scp> aptamer binds to bovine and canine serum albumins (2021)

Serum albumin (SA) is the most abundant carrier protein in blood. SA carries a diverse range of nutrients, drugs, and metal ions. It has wide clinical and biochemical applications. Human serum albumin (HSA) can be used as a biomarker for kidney and liver diseases. Aptasensor is one of potential HSA detection methods. HSA-specific aptamer was selected for HSA detection. In animals, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and canine serum albumins (CSA) share high sequence similarities to HSA. Thus, it is interesting to explore the possibility of using HSA-selective aptamer for BSA and CSA aptasensor. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were initially employed to investigate the binding of aptamer to BSA and CSA in comparison to HSA. Like HSA, both BSA and CSA can bind aptamer, but different binding affinities are observed. BSA shows the tighter binding to aptamer than CSA. Domain III is found to be the aptamer-binding domain although no specific aptamer conformation is captured. However, in all cases, the aptamer utilizes the 3'-end to attach on an albumin surface. Both nucleobases and phosphate backbones on a DNA aptamer are important for albumin-aptamer complexation. Our results imply the possibility of using HSA-specific aptamer for BSA detection due to tighter binding observed, but may be less effective in CSA. However, the test in actual complicated condition must be further studied.
A review of recent developments in flow control (2005)

Abstract This paper reviews and highlights recent developments of certain aspects of flow control concerned with reducing the drag of, and delaying flow separation on, wings and bodies over which the flow is turbulent. The study is restricted to devices that extend beyond the viscous sub-layer but are on a smaller scale than geometric features of the aircraft (e.g. wing chord). The review is mainly concerned with developments within the UK, although significant developments in other countries are discussed. The review discusses types of flow that need to be controlled, basic features of flow control devices and applications. It concludes with recommendations for future research.
Distinct patterns of deletion on 10p and 10q suggest involvement of multiple tumor suppressor genes in the development of astrocytic gliomas of different malignancy grades (1998)

Deletions of chromosome 10 are the most frequent genetic abnormality in glioblastomas. Several commonly deleted regions have been proposed; however, they are not coincident. We have deletion mapped chromosome 10 in 198 astrocytic gliomas using 53 microsatellite markers. Two commonly deleted regions on 10p were identified, one of which lies between D10S594 and D10S559 and the other between D10S1713 and D10S189. Most of 10q deletions were large and included a region distal to D10S554. Four glioblastomas of 122 had patterns suggestive of homozygous deletions at D10S541, a locus close and distally located to the PTEN/MMAC1 gene. Losses of alleles were found not only in glioblastomas (93%) but also in anaplastic astrocytomas (66%) and in astrocytomas (35%). Most glioblastomas lost one entire chromosome 10, while astrocytomas preferentially lost only 10p. The data suggest that a number of tumor suppressor genes on chromosome 10, in addition to PTEN/MMAC1, may be associated with astrocytic glioma development.
Reconciling Retort versus Dean Stark Measurements on Tight Shales (2012)

Abstract Due to the complexity of tight shale reservoirs, core analysis has become an increasingly important source of data for evaluating these systems. However, as there are no generally agreed upon testing protocols, there are competing methods for obtaining such primary data as fluid saturations and porosity. The two most commonly employed commercial methods are Dean Stark toluene combined thermal and solvent extraction and thermal extraction by retort. However, the impact of these protocols on the rock and its fluid phases is different, primarily due to the abundance of clays. While the Dean Stark extraction produces a total porosity and total water saturation, data suggest significantly elevated values of these parameters relative to what is measured through the retort process, resulting from significantly higher amounts of water recovered. This distinction is fundamentally important for using core analyses in shale for calibrating logs and/or determining reserves, as both methods claim to report the same parameters. To understand this effect, we have assembled a data set of compatible core analyses from various laboratories from several wells for a tight-gas shale reservoir in the United States. In addition, we conducted thermogravimetric analysis and Karl Fischer Titration with methanol extraction on splits of the same samples. The retort, thermogravimetric, and Karl Fischer data generally agree in the amount of water eluted from the samples (per gram of rock), while the Dean Stark data show significantly more water. We suggest this excess water could be a portion of the structural water in the clays, which should not contribute to porosity and saturation. Additionally, there is a relationship between this excess water and the total clay content from XRD. This correlation to XRD analyses suggests that a correction can be determined, leading to more accurate porosity and saturation values necessary for proper reserves estimations.
Analysis of the backbone dynamics of interleukin-1.beta. using two-dimensional inverse detected heteronuclear nitrogen-15-proton NMR spectroscopy (1990)

The backbone dynamics of uniformly 15N-labeled interleukin-1 beta are investigated by using two-dimensional inverse detected heteronuclear 15N-1H NMR spectroscopy. 15N T1, T2, and NOE data at a spectrometer frequency of 600 MHz are obtained for 90% of the backbone amide groups. The data provide evidence for motions on three time scales. All the residues exhibit very fast motions on a time scale of approximately less than 20-50 ps that can be characterized by a single-order parameter with an average value of 0.82 +/- 0.05. For a model comprising free diffusion within a cone, these residue-specific order parameters translate to an average cone semiangle of 20.7 +/- 3.3 degrees. Thirty-two residues also display motions on a time scale of 0.5-4 ns, slightly less than the overall rotational correlation time of the protein (8.3 ns). These additional motions must be invoked to account for the discrepancy between experiment and the simplest theoretical formulation in which the internal motions are described by only two parameters, a generalized order parameter and an effective correlation time [Lipari, G., & Szabo, A. (1982a) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 104, 4546-4559]. In particular, while the simple formulation can account for the 15N T1 and T2 data, it fails to account for the 15N-1H NOE data and yields calculated values for the NOEs that are either too small or negative, whereas the observed NOEs are positive. With the introduction of two internal motions that are faster than the rotational correlation time and differ in time scales by at least 1-2 orders of magnitude [Clore, G. M., Szabo, A., Bax, A., Kay, L. E., Driscoll, P. C., & Gronenborn, A. M. (1990) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112, 4989-4991], all the relaxation data for these 32 residues can be fitted by two order parameters and an effective correlation time for the slower of the two internal motions. A simple model for these two motions is one in which the very fast motion involves axially symmetric diffusion within a cone, while the slower motion comprises jumps between two different orientations of the NH vector. For such a model the jump angle (excluding the C-terminal residue) ranges from 15 degrees to 69 degrees with a mean value of 28.6 +/- 14.0 degrees. Another 42 residues are characterized by some sort of motion on the 30-ns-10-ms time scale, which results in 15N line broadening due to chemical exchange between different conformational substates with distinct 15N chemical shifts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Ultrasound‐Propelled Nanoporous Gold Wire for Efficient Drug Loading and Release (2014)

Ultrasound (US)-powered nanowire motors based on nanoporous gold segment are developed for increasing the drug loading capacity. The new highly porous nanomotors are characterized with a tunable pore size, high surface area, and high capacity for the drug payload. These nanowire motors are prepared by template membrane deposition of a silver-gold alloy segment followed by dealloying the silver component. The drug doxorubicin (DOX) is loaded within the nanopores via electrostatic interactions with an anionic polymeric coating. The nanoporous gold structure also facilitates the near-infrared (NIR) light controlled release of the drug through photothermal effects. Ultrasound-driven transport of the loaded drug toward cancer cells followed by NIR-light triggered release is illustrated. The incorporation of the nanoporous gold segment leads to a nearly 20-fold increase in the active surface area compared to common gold nanowire motors. It is envisioned that such US-powered nanomotors could provide a new approach to rapidly and efficiently deliver large therapeutic payloads in a target-specific manner.
Protective effect of KDZ injection on cerebral ischemia (2005)

Objective To observe the protective effect of KDZ injection on cerebral ischemia.Methods The effect of KDZ on normobaric hypoxia tolerant ability in mice was observed by decapiation and normobaric hypoxia tolerant method; the effect of KDZ on the disturbance of learning and memory ability in mice of ischemia-reperfusion was observed by step down test; the effect of KDZ on the activities of SOD and MDA in cerebral tissue of ischemia-reperfu-sion mice was observed by spectrophotometric assay.Results KDZ injection could obviously prolong the gasping time after cutting head in mice and the survival time of normobaric hypoxia tolerant in mice. KDZ injection could markedly improve the disturbance of learning and memory caused by ischemia-reperfusion,prolong the latency, reduce the error number and obviously increase the activities of SOD and MDA in cerebral tissue of ischemia-reperfusion mice. Conclusion KDZ injection has protective effects on cerebral ischemia injury.
Reliable Dissolve Detection (2001)

Automatic shot boundary detection has been an active research area for nearly a decade and has led to high performance detection algorithms for hard cuts, fades and wipes. Reliable dissolve detection, however, is still an unsolved problem. In this paper, we present the first robust and reliable dissolve detection system. A detection rate of 69% was achieved while reducing the false alarm rate to an acceptable level of 68% on a test video set for which so far the best reported detection and false alarm rate had been 57% and 185%, respectively. In addition, the temporal extent of the dissolves are estimated by a multi-resolution detection approach. The three core ideas of our novel approach are firstly the creation of a dissolve synthesizer capable of creating in principle an infinite number of dissolve examples of any duration from a video database of raw video footage, secondly two new features for capturing the characteristics of dissolves, and thirdly, the exploitation of machine lea...
New statistical approaches for anomaly detection (2009)

Abstract Computer security is a growing problem. Over the last years, the number and variety of security attacks in IP‐ based network infrastructures have increasingly grown, leading to the need of developing new security architectures. In this scenario, the use of intrusion detection systems (IDSs) has emerged as a key element, since it permits to tackle security threats by masquerader, misfeasor, and clandestine users. In this paper, we address the problem considering some new statistical techniques for detecting network anomalies. In more detail, the paper discusses the use of several statistical models to characterize the normal behavior of the network traffic running over TCP, so that anomalies can be revealed as significant deviations from such behavior. Namely, our proposal is based on the use of Markov chains, co‐ occurrence matrices, and compression algorithms, for modeling the TCP connections, in terms of statistical analysis of some of the packet header fields. The performance analysis, presented in this paper, demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Observations on the prophylaxis of experimental pulmonary anthrax in the monkey (1956)

The evidence presented supports the hypothesis that the experimental form of anthrax induced by depositing a cloud of single spores on lung epithelium is initiated in the lymphatic regions and not in lung tissue. Proportionately few of the deposited spores reach the lymph glands. The majority remain inactive in so far as induction of disease is concerned. Slowly, however, they seem to go through the first stages of germination but do not multiply and therefore die. This is probably the major factor operative in their disappearance from the lung. Effective prophylactic measures are suggested for dealing with an unimmunized host exposed to anthrax infection by the pulmonary route.
A mm-sized wirelessly powered and remotely controlled locomotive implantable device (2012)

Fully autonomous implantable systems with locomotion can revolutionize medical technology, and include applications ranging from diagnostics to minimally invasive surgery. However, the extreme power requirements of fluid locomotion impose significant design challenges. Using highly efficient and scalable electromagnetic propulsion systems, these locomotive devices become possible. Recent work shows that mm-sized antennas in tissue achieve optimal power transfer efficiency in the low-GHz range. Combining this power transfer method with the highly efficient propulsion, a fully wireless locomotive implant capable of moving at 0.53cm/s has been realized in 65nm CMOS with a 2mm × 2mm receive antenna and a 0.6×1mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> die size with a 2W 1.86GHz carrier. The design consists of an RF frontend, bandgap reference, regulator, demodulator, digital control, and configurable high-current drivers for the propulsion system.