gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Weld line morphology of injection molded polypropylene (1998)

Abstract The weakness of plastics at weld lines provides serious difficulties for the design and long term durability of injection molded parts. The goal of this work was to identify the cause of weld line weakness in polypropylene (PP) systems. The morphology of weld lines in a high molecular weight PP has been studied. It was found that the PP contains a hindered phenolic antioxidant additive that is not soluble in the polymer at the standard processing conditions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) pictures reveal the additive existing as a dispersed phase in the bulk polymer. Even though very small concentrations of this additive are normally used, (0.1–0.5%) large quantities were found at weld lines in a band approximately 100 nm wide and penetrating about 10 μm into the surface of the part, hindering strength development at the weld line. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results confirm enhanced concentrations of antioxidant on the flow front and mold wall surface of short shot samples. The mechanical properties (Izod impact, tensile strength) are measured for samples molded at various processing conditions, varying amounts of antioxidant additive and with and without weld lines. The results are consistent with the presence of the additive playing a key role in strength development at PP weld lines.
A Hierarchical Non-interactive Key-Sharing Scheme with Low Memory Size and High Resistance against Collusion Attacks (2002)

Journal Article A Hierarchical Non-interactive Key-Sharing Scheme with Low Memory Size and High Resistance against Collusion Attacks Get access Goichiro Hanaoka, Goichiro Hanaoka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tsuyoshi Nishioka, Tsuyoshi Nishioka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yuliang Zheng, Yuliang Zheng Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hideki Imai Hideki Imai Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Computer Journal, Volume 45, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 293–303, https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/45.3.293 Published: 01 January 2002
Asymptotically optimal empirical fusion of bit estimates derived from a bank of receivers (2002)

In this paper we derive an asymptotically optimal algorithm for blindly fusing bit estimates from various distributed detectors when the performance of each detector is unknown. Results show that in practical regimes, this new fusion rule outperforms the best individual detector in the bank and outperforms the standard "majority rule" fusion detector.
Latch Offset Cancellation Sense Amplifier for Deep Submicrometer STT-RAM (2015)

As technology node shrinks, spin-transfer-torque random access memory (STT-RAM) has become a promising memory solution owing to its great scalability. However, the increase in process variation and decrease in the supply voltage result in the degradation of the read yield; thus, achieving the target read yield is an important issue in a deep-submicrometer technology node. In this paper, we propose a latch offset cancellation sense amplifier (LOC-SA) that cancels the latch offset with a compact area by merging the sensing circuit, latch sense amplifier, and write driver. By virtue of the latch offset cancellation characteristic, the voltage developing time can be significantly saved, leading to sensing-speed improvement. The Monte Carlo HSPICE simulation results using industry-compatible 45-nm model parameters show that the LOC-SA satisfies a target read yield of six-sigma (96.74% for 32 Mb) with more than 2 × faster sensing speed, 1.12 × lower read energy, and 1.13 × smaller area when compared with the best value of design parameters of other sense amplifiers.
Potential application of neural networks to nuclear power plants (1991)

This paper reports on application of neural networks to the operation of nuclear power plants being investigated under a U.S. Department of Energy sponsored program at the University of Tennessee. Projects include the feasibility of using neural networks for the following tasks: diagnosing specific abnormal conditions, detection of the change of mode of operation, signal validation, monitoring of check valves, plant-wide monitoring using autoassociative neural networks, modeling of the plant thermodynamics, emulation of core reload calculations, monitoring of plant parameters, and analysis of plant vibrations. Each of these projects and its status are described briefly in this article. The objective of each of these projects is to enhance the safety and performance of nuclear plants through the use of neural networks.
Lipids, amino acids and related compounds (1985)

700 authors from 29 countries describe the methods of enzymatic analysis in a way that corresponds to the various steps undertaken in laboratory routine. Designed for use in the laboratory rather than the library, the third edition takes into account recent changes in symbolism, nomenclature, and enzyme classification. The series recognizes the fact that today many more enzymes, coenzymes, and substrates are commercially available than ten years ago and also provides information on the precision of measurement, the sensitivity and limitation of a method, and on possible alternatives, such as HPLC, GC, AA, or NMR spectroscopy. In general, the methods described concern analyses that are of importance in biochemistry, and clinical chemistry. Annotations by the authors convey their personal experience by including useful hints, remarks, and experimental tricks to make the methods truly workable. A cumulative index simplifies the search for information.
Downregulation of non-muscle myosin IIA expression inhibits migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells via the c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway (2015)

Non‑muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) has been found to be overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues. However, the roles of NMIIA in the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells have not yet been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of NMIIA knockdown on the migratory and invasive capacities of gastric cancer cells and to investigate the potential underlying mechanisms in vitro. First, the expression of NMIIA was assessed in gastric cancer tissues and non‑cancerous tissues using western blot analysis. The expression levels of NMIIA protein in 51 out of 63 gastric cancer tissue specimens were higher compared to those in their matched non‑tumoric gastric tissue specimens, and differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.001). After downregulation of NMIIA using RNA interference, the migratory and invasive abilities of the SGC‑7901 and MGC‑803 gastric cancer cell lines were observed using a wound‑healing assay and a Transwell assay, respectively. Knockdown of NMIIA significantly decreased the amount of wound closure as well as the number of cells which transgressed through the Matrigel (P<0.01). Finally, the levels of c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK), phosphorylated (p)‑JNK, c‑Jun and p‑c‑Jun were detected using western blot analysis in order to explore the association between NMIIA and the JNK signaling pathway. Knockdown of NMIIA decreased the levels of p‑JNK and p‑c‑Jun in the two gastric cancer cell lines (P<0.05). In conclusion, the present study indicated that knockdown of NMIIA inhibited the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells, which may be, at least in part, mediated via the JNK signaling pathway.
Nucleotide sequence analysis and genomic organization of the NY-RPV isolate of barley yellow dwarf virus (1991)

cDNA clones representing the ssRNA genome of the NY-RPV isolate of barley yellow dwarf luteovirus (BYDV) were sequenced and 5600 nucleotides of the genome were determined. The deduced genome organization has limited similarity to that of another BYDV isolate, Vic-PAV, but is identical to that of beet western yellows (BWYV) and potato leafroll (PLRV) luteoviruses. NY-RPV has six major positive-sense open reading frames (ORFs) and, by comparison with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and nucleic acid helicase consensus sequence motifs, it is postulated that NY-RPV ORF2 and ORF3 encode the viral replicase, which is expressed by a translational frameshift mechanism. The region of the NY-RPV genome containing the 22K coat protein ORF, the apparently associated internal apparent VPg ORF and the ORF immediately 3'-proximal (ORF6) to the coat protein ORF are organized as reported for other luteoviruses. Evidence is presented showing that ORF6 is expressed by readthrough of the coat protein gene termination codon, and that this protein is associated with the intact virus as a 65K protein. Although NY-RPV infects graminaceous rather than dicotyledonous plants, the taxonomic relationships between BYDV isolates and other luteoviruses deduced from the genome organization and sequence data strongly suggest that NY-RPV is distinct from the PAV-like isolates of BYDV and is more closely related to BWYV and PLRV.
A Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Planar Inverted-F Antennas for Wireless Applications (2000)

In recent years, the demand for compact handheld communication devices has grown significantly. Devices having internal antennas have appeared to fill this need. Antenna size is a major factor that limits device miniaturization. In the past few years, new designs based on the microstrip antennas (MSA) and planar inverted-F antennas have been used for handheld wireless devices because these antennas have low-profile geometry and can be embedded into the devices. New wireless applications requiring operation in more than one frequency band are emerging. Dual-band and tri-band phones have gained popularity because of the multiple frequency bands used for wireless applications. One prominent application is to include bluetooth, operating band at 2.4 GHz, for short-range wireless use. This thesis examines two antennas that are potential candidates for small and low-profile structures: microstrip antennas and planar inverted-F antennas. Two techniques for widening the antenna impedance bandwidth are examined by adding parasitic elements. Reducing antenna size generally degrades antenna performance. It is therefore important to also examine the fundamental limits and parameter tradeoffs involved in size reduction. In the handheld environment, antennas are mounted on a small ground plane. Ground plane size effects on antennas are investigated and the results from a thorough numerical study on the performance of a PIFA with various ground planes sizes and shapes is reported. Finally, a new wideband compact PIFA antenna (WC-PIFA) is proposed. Preliminary work is presented along with numerical and experimental results for various environments such as free space, plastic casing, and the proximity of a hand. This new antenna covers frequencies from 1700 MHz to 2500 MHz, which basically include the following operating bands: DCS-1800m PCS-1900, IMT-2000, ISM, and Bluetooth.
CASTING ALUMINUM-LITHIUM ALLOYS IN OPEN ATMOSPHERE (1990)

ABSTRACT The increasing need for lightweight and cost-effective materials for structural applications has resulted in significant improvements and development of new aluminum alloys for structural applications. Lithium addition to aluminum has the potential for providing a class of high strength alloys with exceptional properties suitable for weight-critical and stiffness-critical applications. Casting of aluminum-lithium alloys presents a variety of problems and high-quality ingots are not readily obtainable through conventional procedures. The reactive nature of lithium necessitates the need for inert gas treatments in order to ensure melts of acceptable quality. Exploitation of the properties of these alloys is possible only if the alloys could be cast in an open atmosphere using conventional casting techniques. This paper describes a method for casting binary and ternary aluminum-3% lithium ingots. The alloys were cast using conventional techniques in an open atmosphere under salt flux. The melting procedure and casting technique are highlighted and the intricate characteristics of the castings are discussed. The mechanical properties of the heat treated and aged castings are also examined so as to provide a basis for understanding the quality of the cast ingots.
Electron-transfer-induced reductive demethoxylation of anisole: evidence for cleavage of a radical anion (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron-transfer-induced reductive demethoxylation of anisole: evidence for cleavage of a radical anionUgo Azzena, Teresa Denurra, Giovanni Melloni, Emma Fenude, and Gloria RassuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 5, 1444–1448Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00031a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00031a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1517Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Configuration of 2-Hydroxyputrescine (1973)

Abstract S-(+)-2-hydroxyputrescine·2HCl and R-(-)-2-hydroxy-putrescine·2HCl were synthesized from S-(-)- and R-(+)-hydroxysuccinamide, respectively. Their specific rotations were determined to be [α]25°d = +3.21 ± 0.06° and -3.3° (c = 5%, H2O), respectively. The naturally occurring polyamine isolated from Pseudomonas (Kim) appears to be S-2-hydroxyputrescine since the specific rotation of its dihydrochloride corresponds closely to that of the synthesized S-(+)-2-hydroxyputrescine dihydrochloride.
Image guidance could aid performance of atraumatic cochlear implantation surgical techniques (2013)

It is widely believed that major factors in achieving atraumatic insertion of the electrode array into the cochlea in cochlear implant (CI) surgery include amount of tissue resection, selection of the entry point, and angle of insertion. Our group is interested in developing an image guidance (IG) system for electrode insertion if IG can improve outcomes. Thus, in this work we conducted the first study evaluating whether IG could aid atraumatic electrode insertion. To do this, we measured the performance of experienced surgeons when tasked to perform cochleostomy resection and to select CI insertion trajectories in virtual 3D surgical field-of-view simulation software. This software, which simulates views through the surgical microscope, was designed to allow a user to manually perform cochleostomy resection and to select a preferred insertion trajectory in one of two modes: (a) where the traditional approach is simulated and sub-surface anatomy is not visible; and (b) where an IG approach is simulated and the surgical view is augmented with rendering of subsurface intra-cochlear structures. We used this software to compare two surgeons’ performance in selecting insertion trajectories with and without IG. Our results show that when using virtual IG, both surgeons could choose insertion trajectories with less variability, select higher quality insertion trajectories, and create the cochleostomy with substantially less tissue resection. These results suggest that IG could indeed aid performance of atraumatic cochlear implantation techniques.
Anatomy, Head and Neck, Sternocleidomastoid Muscle (2018)

The sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) is one of more than 20 pairs of muscles that act on the neck. SCM has a dual-innervation and multiple functions. The vestibular area has a close relationship with the SCM motoneurons to improve posture and neck movements; the cervico-trigeminal reflexes put in direct contact the occlusive capacity of the temporomandibular joint and the electrical activity of the SCM, with a reciprocal influence, in particular with the masseter muscle. The inspiratory act is facilitated by the contraction of the SCM muscle.The latter is a muscle capable of adapting to external and internal influences for which it is stressed, both for physiological stressors (hypertrophy) and for pathological stressors (change in metabolism). The article describes the anatomy, its innervation and vascularization, as well as the double embryological derivation. The text will highlight the clinical, surgical, and related pathologies, with a look at the SCM's manual therapeutic approach.
Characterisation and radioimmunotherapy of L19-SIP, an anti-angiogenic antibody against the extra domain B of fibronectin, in colorectal tumour models (2007)

Angiogenesis is a characteristic feature of tumours and other disorders. The human monoclonal antibody L19- SIP targets the extra domain B of fibronectin, a marker of angiogenesis expressed in a range of tumours. The aim of this study was to investigate whole body distribution, tumour localisation and the potential of radioimmunotherapy with the L19-small immunoprotein (SIP) in colorectal tumours. Two colorectal tumour models with highly different morphologies, the SW1222 and LS174T xenografts, were used in this study. Localisation and retention of the L19-SIP antibody at tumour vessels was demonstrated using immunohistochemistry and Cy3-labelled L19-SIP. Whole body biodistribution studies in both tumour models were carried out with (125)I-labelled L19-SIP. Finally, (131)I-labelled antibody was used to investigate the potential of radioimmunotherapy in SW1222 tumours. Using immunohistochemistry, we confirmed extra domain B expression in the tumour vasculature. Immunofluorescence demonstrated localisation and retention of injected Cy3-labelled L19-SIP at the abluminal side of tumour vessels. Biodistribution studies using a (125)I-labelled antibody showed selective tumour uptake in both models. Higher recorded values for localisation were found in the SW1222 tumours than in the LS174T (7.9 vs 6.6 %ID g(-1)), with comparable blood clearance for both models. Based on these results, a radioimmunotherapy study was performed in the SW1222 xenograft using (131)I-Labelled L19-SIP (55.5 MBq), which showed selective tumour uptake, tumour growth inhibition and improved survival. Radio- and fluorescence-labelled L19-SIP showed selective localisation and retention at vessels of two colorectal xenografts. Furthermore, (131)I-L19-SIP shows potential as a novel treatment of colorectal tumours, and provides the foundation to investigate combined therapies in the same tumour models.
Radionuclides in the Life Sciences (2001)

This chapter contains sections titled: Survey Application in Ecological Studies Radioanalysis in the Life Sciences Application in Physiological and Metabolic Studies Radionuclides Used in Nuclear Medicine Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPET) Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
Isolation and Preliminary Characterization of the Cysteine-Proteinases from the Latex of<i>Carica candamarcensis</i>Hook (1993)

The cysteine-proteinase chymopapain from Carica papaya L. is used for chemonucleolysis of damaged human intervertebral spinal discs. The purification of this enzyme is difficult. To overcome these problems, we were looking for a substitute among the cysteine-proteinases of Carica candamarcensis Hook. The latex from unripe fruits was collected in an aqueous solution of methylethanethiolsulfonate to prevent proteolytic activities. The soluble fraction of the lypophilized product provided four enzymatically active peaks (CC-I-CC-IV) during chromatography on CM-Sephadex C-50 in sodium acetate buffer, pH5.0. They could be further purified by rechromatography under similar conditions. The isolated enzymes have been characterized by PAGE, analysis of the Fourier transform infrared spectra, preliminary studies of their specificities as well as a comparison of the N-terminal amino-acid sequences up to position 43. CC-III proved to be glycosylated. CC-I and CC-III from Carica candamarcensis Hook are suggested to correspond to papain and chymopapain from Carica papaya L., respectively.
NYNN: An in-memory distributed storage system for massive graph analysis (2015)

With the development of social networks, methodologies and approaches of computational intelligence are used for data mining and knowledge discovery regarding massive graphs generated by social networks. How to efficiently organize massive graphs in order to improve the performance of massive graph analysis is an important issue. The traditional graph data management systems are designed for general purpose but lack sufficient consideration on graph characteristics and access methods. As a result, the early systems are less suitable in scenarios of massive graph analysis. In order to solve the above problem, this paper proposes an in-memory organization system for graph data generated by social networks, and the system gives special consideration on update, random access and sparsity of massive graphs. Finally, experiments conducted on real-world social network data sets have shown that the proposed methods are superior to the industry's advanced graph storage methods.
Label‐Free Detection of DNA Hybridization in Presence of Intercalators Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (2008)

Abstract Actinomycin D or proflavine which are known to intercalate within the helix of double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) are used as label‐free control to unequivocally prove complementary DNA hybridization by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Based on a carefully designed interface comprising a thiol‐tethered (20mer) oligonucleotide capture probe which forms a self‐assembled monolayer on a gold electrode together with a short chain hydroxyl‐terminated alkylthiol, formation of dsDNA can be monitored by an increase of the charge‐transfer resistance of a free‐diffusing negatively charged redox species ([Fe(CN) 6 ] 3−/4− ). The increase of the charge transfer resistance due to complementary hybridization was about 10 times from the unmodified Au surface to the dsDNA modified electrode. Specific interaction of intercalators with dsDNA leads to a decrease in charge transfer resistance due to the conformational changes in the dsDNA monolayer and partial charge compensation caused by the positively charged intercalators. No shift in the charge transfer resistance was observed in case of incubation of a ssDNA surface with intercalators or when hybridization was invoked using a noncomplementary DNA sequence. Thus, hybridization can be unambiguously detected using EIS by first recording the increase in charge‐transfer resistance due to hybridization with the matching target strand followed by recording a decrease in charge transfer resistance caused by intercalation. Nonspecific adsorption can hence be doubtlessly excluded as a reason for the observed changes in the impedance spectrum.