gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Occlusion-Aware View Interpolation (2008)

View interpolation is an essential step in content preparation for multiview 3D displays, free-viewpoint video, and multiview image/video compression. It is performed by establishing a correspondence among views, followed by interpolation using the corresponding intensities. However, occlusions pose a significant challenge, especially if few input images are available. In this paper, we identify challenges related to disparity estimation and view interpolation in presence of occlusions. We then propose an occlusion-aware intermediate view interpolation algorithm that uses four input images to handle the disappearing areas. The algorithm consists of three steps. First, all pixels in view to be computed are classified in terms of their visibility in the input images. Then, disparity for each pixel is estimated from different image pairs depending on the computed visibility map. Finally, luminance/color of each pixel is adaptively interpolated from an image pair selected by its visibility label. Extensive experimental results show striking improvements in interpolated image quality over occlusion-unaware interpolation from two images and very significant gains over occlusion-aware spline-based reconstruction from four images, both on synthetic and real images. Although improvements are obvious only in the vicinity of object boundaries, this should be useful in high-quality 3D applications, such as digital 3D cinema and ultra-high resolution multiview autostereoscopic displays, where distortions at depth discontinuities are highly objectionable, especially if they vary with viewpoint change.
Polarimetry of birefringent biological tissues with arbitrary fibril orientation and variable incidence angle (2010)

Polarimetric optical techniques such as polarization microscopy or polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography normally assume that light is perpendicular to the sample surface and that fibrils of a birefringent biological tissue are arranged in a plane parallel to this surface. The approaches that describe quantitatively polarimetric data from tissues with nonparallel fibril orientation and/or off-axis incidence usually lack a rigorous theoretical analysis. We present a polarimetric model with arbitrary fibril orientation and/or variable incidence angle by means of the extended Jones matrix theory, the polar decomposition, and Poincaré equivalence theorem. The model, suitable for diagnosis or tissue structure analysis, is applied to articular cartilage.
Continuous Monitoring of Circuit Breakers Using Vibration Analysis (2005)

This paper reports the results from three years of continuous condition monitoring of high-voltage circuit breakers (CBs) using vibration analysis. More than 1000 vibration patterns from the operating mechanism of three different spring-operated SF/sub 6/ breakers in normal service are analyzed. The patterns are recorded during each opening/closing operation and compared with references to identify timing and frequency deviations. Two of the three investigated CBs were operating well, while the third suffered from several severe problems. A developing failure that caused this breaker to not open on command was identified in advance. The reproducibility of the vibration patterns is high for a faultless CB and this makes it possible to separate faulty conditions from natural variations. The vibration analysis method is, however, dependent on a well-conditioned vibration pattern without noise and with distinct events. If the instrumentation is made sufficiently robust to withstand both the electrical disturbances in a substation environment and the mechanical shocks during CB operation, vibration analysis seems to be a promising technique that can be used on a continuous basis to detect malfunctions in the operating mechanism.
Multiscale cone-beam x-ray reconstruction (1990)

We address the problem of reconstructing a three-dimensional volume from a set of two-dimensional X-ray projections. We present a time efficient solution based on a multiscale estimation technique. Estimation is first performed at a coarse resolution. Then the resolution is increased step by step and at each step a new estimation is performed, using an initial value derived from the volume estimated at the preceding level of resolution. The method is illustrated by results obtained on geometric and anatomic phantoms.
A Low Frequency Infrared and <i>ab Initio</i> Study of the Reaction of Trichlorosilane with Silica (1996)

We investigate the adsorption of trichlorosilane (HSiCl3) on silica using infrared spectroscopy and examine the subsequent reactions of the chemisorbed species with water. Ab initio frequency calculations of model compounds that closely resemble the structure of possible surface species are used to aid in the assignment of infrared bands. The frequency of the Si−H stretching and bending modes of the chemisorbed HSiCl3 is sensitive to the structure and is used in combination with the information obtained from the low frequency bands of the Si−Cl and Sis−O−Si modes (Sis refers to a surface Si atom) to obtain a clearer picture of the species formed on the silica surface.
A New Process Control for Making Polyether Urethane Foams (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Process Control for Making Polyether Urethane FoamsH. G. Scholten, J. G. Schuhmann, and R. E. TenHoorCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1960, 52, 7, 613Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50607a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50607a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views150Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Use of antibiotics as feed additives: a burning question (2014)

OPINION article Front. Microbiol., 02 July 2014Sec. Antimicrobials, Resistance and Chemotherapy https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00334
Line-of-Sight MIMO Transmission for Achieving High Capacity Fixed Point Microwave Radio Systems (2008)

Despite the lack of rich scattering which is necessary for MIMO systems in mobile environments, this paper proposes line-of-sight MIMO systems with the highest MIMO capacity in some tens of GHz microwave radios. The proposed scheme constructs spatially orthogonal MIMO channels by using geometric arrangement of antennas and can use individual local oscillator signals without feedback signals for a transmit matrix. It can also compensate for the fluctuation of the carrier phase caused by the geometric small shift of the antenna position.
X-Ray crystallography and the chemistry of the steroids. Part I (1940)

Abstract A survey has been made of the X-ray crystallography of some eighty sterol derivatives belonging mainly to the cholesterol and ergosterol series but including also calciferol and other photoderivatives of ergosterol and some higher plant and animal sterols. The measurements are recorded in four tables and include determinations of unit cell size, space group and some data on the crystal morphology and optics. In three cases, cholesteryl chloride, bromide and cholesteryl chloride hydrochloride, Patterson projections have also been derived from the intensities of the X-ray reflexions of the hOl planes. These confirm earlier deductions on the shape and size of the sterol molecules, proving that these are roughly lath-shaped, 20 x 7 x 4 A, and the details of the patterns can also to some degree be correlated with the actual arrangement of the carbon atoms in the sterol ring system and with the positions of the chlorine and bromine atoms. The arrangement of the molecules in the crystal units is closely that given by the preliminary examination from the optic orientation, and this has therefore been employed to suggest in each of the remaining sterol crystal structures the probable molecular arrangement
An <em>In-vitro</em> Preparation of Isolated Enteric Neurons and Glia from the Myenteric Plexus of the Adult Mouse (2013)

The enteric nervous system is a vast network of neurons and glia running the length of the gastrointestinal tract that functionally controls gastrointestinal motility. A procedure for the isolation and culture of a mixed population of neurons and glia from the myenteric plexus is described. The primary cultures can be maintained for over 7 days, with connections developing among the neurons and glia. The longitudinal muscle strip with the attached myenteric plexus is stripped from the underlying circular muscle of the mouse ileum or colon and subjected to enzymatic digestion. In sterile conditions, the isolated neuronal and glia population are preserved within the pellet following centrifugation and plated on coverslips. Within 24-48 hr, neurite outgrowth occurs and neurons can be identified by pan-neuronal markers. After two days in culture, isolated neurons fire action potentials as observed by patch clamp studies. Furthermore, enteric glia can also be identified by GFAP staining. A network of neurons and glia in close apposition forms within 5-7 days. Enteric neurons can be individually and directly studied using methods such as immunohistochemistry, electrophysiology, calcium imaging, and single-cell PCR. Furthermore, this procedure can be performed in genetically modified animals. This methodology is simple to perform and inexpensive. Overall, this protocol exposes the components of the enteric nervous system in an easily manipulated manner so that we may better discover the functionality of the ENS in normal and disease states.
A novel orthogonal transmission scheme for non-orthogonal multi-carrier signal (2010)

The orthogonality among sub-carriers and the minimum frequency span which satisfies the Nyquist criterion in frequency domain are foundational principles of conventional OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system. Although reducing the minimum frequency span in OFDM can improve the spectral efficiency, it is not practical previously because of large detection complexity which is derived from the non-orthogonality and considerable inter carrier interference among sub-carriers. Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure proposed in the paper can transform the non-orthogonal sub-carriers into orthogonal waveforms and the bit error rate is not deteriorated in additive white Gaussian noise channel. Meanwhile, the total signal bandwidth becomes smaller than that of conventional OFDM, i.e., the spectral efficiency can be increased. In the paper, Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure is explained by dirty paper coding in information theory and functional analysis in mathematics. Simulation results also verify the validity and correctness of this signal processing method - Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure.
Bacteriology of Bovine Hepatic Abscesses (1976)

A survey was conducted on the occurrence of hepatic abscesses among slaughtered cattle in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan, by bacteriological examination. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Of 867 animals slaughtered over a period from December, 1970 to August, 1971, 46 animals (5%) had hepatic abscesses of varying sizes. 2. 0f 66 hepatic abscesses found, 57 (86%) contained Fusobacterium necrophorum. In 21 of these specimens, the organism was isolated in pure culture. In the majority of the rest, it was detected predominantly. From 7 specimens, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Micrococcus, fungi, Enterobacteriaceae and Gram-negative rods were isolated. No organisms were found in 2 specimens. 3. The viable count of F. necrophorum in an abscess ranged from 104 to 109 per gram of hepatic tissue.
Metallothionein expression in human neoplasia (2004)

The metallothionein family is a class of low-molecular-weight, cysteine-rich proteins with high affinity for metal ions. Four major isoforms (metallothionein-1, -2, -3, and -4) have been identified in mammals, involved in many pathophysiological processes, including metal ion homeostasis and detoxification, protection against oxidative damage, cell proliferation and apoptosis, drug and radiotherapy resistance and several aspects of the carcinogenic process. In the present review we examine the expression of metallothionein in different human tumours and its correlation with histopathological variables, tumour cell proliferation or apoptosis, resistance to radiation or chemotherapy, patient survival and prognosis. A variable profile of metallothionein and its isoforms' expression has been observed in different cancer types. Although metallothionein expression has been implicated in carcinogenic evolution, its use as a marker of tumour differentiation, cell proliferation and prognosis predictor remains unclear. Detailed studies focused on the expression of metallothionein isoforms and isotypes in different tumour types could elucidate the role of this group of proteins in the carcinogenic process, delineating its possible clinical significance for the management of patients.
Nutritional Improvement of Sorghum by Fermentation (1981)

ABSTRACT A natural lactic fermentation of ground grain sorghum produced significant increases (P < 0.001) in available lysine/leucine, isoleucine, and methionine. The protein quality, expressed as relative nutritive value, increased significantly (P < 0.001) as a result of fermentation. Niacin and thiamin increased significantly (P < 0.001) and riboflavin also increased (P < 0.05) during the fermentation. Protein and carbohydrate appeared to be more available after the fermentation than before the fermentation. Although the fermentation produced increased availability of nutrients, it did not produce change in the proximate analyses.
HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY IN DERMATOLOGY (1972)

Journal Article HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY IN DERMATOLOGY Get access P.‐O. BARR, P.‐O. BARR Department of Central Anaesthesia, Karolinska Sjukhuset, and Department of Dermatology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar WERA ENFORS, WERA ENFORS Department of Central Anaesthesia, Karolinska Sjukhuset, and Department of Dermatology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar GUNNEL ERIKSSON GUNNEL ERIKSSON Department of Central Anaesthesia, Karolinska Sjukhuset, and Department of Dermatology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 86, Issue 6, 1 June 1972, Pages 631–635, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb05080.x Published: 01 June 1972 Article history Accepted: 18 January 1972 Published: 01 June 1972
2010年美国《核态势评估》之中国视角:略为进步,隐忧重重 (2010)

中国方面认为,2010年《核态势评估报告》在很多方面优于2001年报告,但依然值得批评。中方担忧新《核态势评估》将对中国及两国间战略稳定性带来深远影响。中方欢迎美方削减核武库、降低对核武器的依赖程度、承诺不再进行核试验、寻求在国会里通过《全面核禁试条约》,以及宣布继续降低其核武器在威慑非核国家方面的作用等立场;与此同时,中国评论员们更担忧那些可能对中国的威慑造成负面影响的内容,比如美国继续发展导弹防御系统和常规军事武器。中国评论员对新的《核态势评估》报告的看法,由于报告公布前几个月间中美关系的下滑而蒙上阴影,但随着总体双边关系的改善而体现出更多的积极因素。
Embedded Enzymatic Biomaterial Degradation (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTEmbedded Enzymatic Biomaterial DegradationManoj Ganesh†, Rachna N. Dave†, William L'Amoreaux‡, and Richard A. Gross*†View Author Information† NSF I/UCRC for Biocatalysis & Bioprocessing of Macromolecules, Polytechnic Institute of NYU, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York 11201‡ CUNY College of Staten Island, 2800 Victory Blvd., Staten Island, New York 10314*Corresponding author: Ph 718-260-3024, Fax 718-260-3075, e-mail [email protected]Cite this: Macromolecules 2009, 42, 18, 6836–6839Publication Date (Web):August 21, 2009Publication History Received8 July 2009Revised13 August 2009Published online21 August 2009Published inissue 22 September 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma901481hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma901481hrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1334Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Biomaterials,Degradation,Hydrolysis,Peptides and proteins,Screening assays Get e-Alerts
The challenge of ultra thin chip assembly (2004)

Because of their low height, the low assembly topography and their mechanical flexibility, ultra thin chips (about 20 /spl mu/m) offer a wide field of possible applications. During the last years, the Fraunhofer-Institute for Reliability and Microintegration has successfully investigated in production, handling and assembly processes for such thin ICs. The chip handling and assembly processes had to be adopted to the very thin material, beginning with the development of special dicing by thinning process. A new pick and place process using thermal releasable tapes has been developed. For the chip assembly and contacting various methods depending on the application are available. This includes face up or face down variations. The complete process chain from wafer processing up to the assembled ultra thin IC together with some application examples are discussed in this paper.
Third-order spherical aberration correction using multistage self-aligned quadrupole correction-lens systems (2010)

New multistage self-aligned quadrupole correction-lens systems are proposed for correcting the spherical aberration of a rotationally symmetrical lens in a probe-forming system such as electron beam lithography and focused ion beam. These multistage correction-lens systems consist of six- or eight-stage electrostatic quadrupole and aperture electrodes placed between the quadrupoles. An octupole field for the correction of aperture aberration is automatically created and aligned with a quadrupole field by supplying a voltage to the aperture electrode. The optical properties of the self-aligned quadrupole correction-lens systems are precisely simulated using the potential functions approximated from the calculated three-dimensional potential distributions. The lens components of the correction-lens systems are symmetric with respect to the mid-plane of the correction system, and the quadrupole excitations are anti-symmetric to the mid-plane. The simulated optical properties of the six- and eight-stage self-aligned quadrupole correction-lens systems are compared with a four-stage self-aligned quadrupole correction-lens system. Aperture aberration coefficients of the six- or eight-stage quadrupole system under non-excitation of the aperture electrodes become much smaller than those of the four-stage quadrupole system. It is found that the correction of spherical aberration using the six- or eight-stage self-aligned quadrupole correction-lens system can be easily achieved under the condition of considerably lower excitation of lens elements in comparison to the four-stage self-aligned quadrupole correction-lens system.
Cell Microarrays Based on Hydrogel Microstructures for the Application to Cell-Based Biosensor (2010)

Cell-based biosensors constitute a promising field that has numerous applications ranging from pharmaceutical screening to detection of pathogen and toxicant. The trends toward miniaturization of cell-based biosensor continue to spur development of cell microarray integrated into microfluidic devices. For cell-based biosensors to be useful for larger applications, several technical goals must be realized. First, the cell-patterning method used to generate multi-phenotypic array can accommodate multiple cell lines without major losses of cell viability, maintain total isolation of each cell phenotype, provide for the adequate mass transfer of dissolved gases and nutrients, and easy enough to allow for mass production. Second, cells on microarray must be cultured in three-dimensional environment as they do in real tissue to obtain accurate response of cells against target analyte. Third, physiological status of micropatterned cells must be monitored non-invasively. As one solution to satisfy these requirements, we prepare cell microarrays using microfabricated poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG) hydrogel. Arrays of hydrogel microstructures encapsulating one or more different cell phenotypes can be fabricated using photolithography or photoreaction injection molding, and can be incorporated within microfluidic network. Finally, we demonstrate the potential application of cell-containing hydrogel microarrays for toxin detection by monitoring toxin-induced change of cell viability and intercellular enzymatic reaction.
Characterisation and glucoregulatory actions of a novel acylated form of the (Pro3)GIP receptor antagonist in type 2 diabetes (2007)

In this study, we tested the biological activity of a novel acylated form of (Pro3)glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypetide [(Pro3)GIP] prepared by conjugating palmitic acid to Lys16 to enhance its efficacy in vivo by promoting binding to albumin and extending its biological actions. Like the parent molecule (Pro3)GIP, (Pro3)GIPLys16PAL was completely stable to the actions of DPP-IV and significantly (p<0.01 to p<0.001) inhibited GIP-stimulated cAMP production and cellular insulin secretion. Furthermore, acute administration of (Pro3)GIPLys16PAL also significantly (p<0.05 to p<0.001) countered the glucose-lowering and insulin-releasing actions of GIP in ob/ob mice. Daily injection of (Pro3)GIPLys16PAL (25 nmol/kg bw) in 14-18-week-old ob/ob mice over 14 days had no effect on body weight, food intake or non-fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. (Pro3)GIPLys16PAL treatment also failed to significantly alter the glycaemic response to an i.p. glucose load or test meal, but insulin concentrations were significantly reduced (1.5-fold; p<0.05) after the glucose load. Insulin sensitivity was enhanced (1.3-fold; p<0.05) and pancreatic insulin was significantly reduced (p<0.05) in the (Pro3)GIPLys16PAL-treated mice. These data demonstrate that acylation of Lys16 with palmitic acid in (Pro3)GIP does not improve its biological effectiveness as a GIP receptor antagonist.