gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-voltage High-efficiency Fast-transient Voltage regulator Module (1999)

In order to meet demands for faster and more efficient data processing, modern microprocessors are being designed with lower voltage implementations. The processor voltage supply in future generation processors will decrease to 1.1 V ~ 1.8V. More devices will be packed on a single processor chip, and processors will operate at higher frequencies, beyond 1GHz. Therefore, microprocessors need aggressive power management. Future generation processors will draw current up to 50 A ~ 100 A [2]. These demands, in turn, will require special power supplies and Voltage Regulator Modules (VRMs) to provide lower voltages with higher currents and fast transient capabilities for microprocessors. This work presents several low-voltage high-current VRM technologies for future generation data processing, communication, and portable applications. The developed advanced VRMs with these new technologies have advantages over conventional ones in power density, efficiency, transient response, reliability, and cost. The multi-module interleaved quasi-square-wave VRM topology achieves a very fast transient response and a very high power density. This topology significantly reduces the filter inductance and capacitance, while having small output and input ripples. The analysis, design, and experimental verification for this new topology are presented in this work. The current sensing and current sharing techniques are developed with simple and cost-effective implementations. With this technique, traditional current transformers and sensing resistors are not required, and the inductance value, MOSFET on resistance and other parasitics have no effect on current sharing results. The design principles are developed and experimentally verified. A generalized approach and an extension of the novel current sharing control are presented in this work. The techniques for improving VRM light load efficiency are developed in this work. By utilizing the duty cycle signal, VRMs can be implemented with advanced power management functions to reduce further the power consumption at light loads to extend the battery-operation time in portable systems or to facilitate the compliance with various "energy star" ("green" power) requirements in office systems. Four improved approaches are presented and verified with experimental results. The high-input-voltage VRM topology, push-pull forward converter, can be used in high-bus-voltage distributed power systems. This converter has a high efficiency, a high power density, a fast transient response, and can be easily packaged as a standard module. The circuit design and experimental evaluation are addressed to demonstrate the operation principles and advantages of this topology.
Some biological activities associated with the 10S form of human gamma-G-globulin. (1967)

Human γG-globulin fractions rich in the dimeric (10S) form have been isolated from Cohn (Squibb) preparations, by repeated gel-filtration on Sephadex G-200. These fractions have been shown to fix complement and to precipitate rhemutaoid factor, despite the absence of larger aggregates (e.g. 20–40S) with which such activities are normally associated. In contrast, native human 7S γG-globulin preparations exhibited neither activity.
Quality of service agents in the internet (1998)

The Internet is a multi-purpose communication network where users and applications with different service demands share network resources. To meet these demands, mechanisms for quality of service differentiation in the network are proposed. These mechanisms offer service level agreements to the clients by performing traffic scheduling and network resource reservations. This thesis is focused on scalability issues associated with resource reservations and on supporting resource reservations in advance. We present an admission control architecture where clients can make resource reservations through agents. For each domain in the network there is an agent responsible for admission control. The architecture provides scalable resource reservations for virtual leased lines. One objective of the architecture is to minimize reservation state and admission control overhead in agents. Therefore, reservations from different sources to the same destination domain are aggregated in agents as their...
Comparison of Oral Steroid and Intravenous Steroid plus Dextran Treatments on the Prognosis of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (2015)

Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is defined as a loss of greater than 30 dB in three contiguous frequencies in less than 3 days. The treatment protocols for SSHL are different for inpatients and outpatients. Even so, the effects of the effects of intravenous steroid plus dextran (IVSD) and oral steroid (OS) treatments on the recovery of SSHL remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of intravenous steroid plus dextran (IVSD) and oral steroid (OS) treatments on the prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL). Methods: We collected 254 adult patients with SSHL. All patients were divided into two groups based on the treatment protocols: IVSD group and OS group. The odds ratio of IVSD group versus OS group on the recovery of SSHL was evaluated using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: There were 119 (46.9%) patients in the OS group and 135 (53.1%) patients in the IVSD group. The OS group had older patients, longer time elapsed from onset of SSHL to initial treatment, milder initial and treated hearing loss severities, and higher prevalences of vertigo and headache than the IVSD group. However, the outcome of SSHL treatment was not significantly in either group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the treatment protocol was not significantly associated with the recovery of SSHL for all patients, after adjusting for all considered variables. Age and hypertension showed significantly inverse associations with the recovery of SSHL, especially for patients younger than 65 years. Conclusions: The prognosis of SSHL was not significantly different between the IVSD and OS groups.
RUBBER TO THE ROAD. NEW LAWS PUSH THE ADDITION OF RECYCLED TIRES TO ASPHALT (1992)

Article explaining some of the technologies for blending ground tire rubber into roadways. The two basic ones are dry processes and wet processes. In dry processes, engineers bind a mix of coarse rubber grains, stone and sand with asphalt cement. In wet processes, engineers heat the rubber and asphalt cement together first to make an asphalt rubber, a thicker goo that replaces asphalt cement as a binder material. Discusses the use of rubberized pavements in both California and Florida.
Focused wide-band array processing by spatial resampling (1990)

The authors present a novel approach for coherently focusing wideband data received by a linear array of sensors. The proposed preprocessing consists of adjusting the spatial sampling rate, or spatially resampling the array outputs as a function of temporal frequency so that broadband sources are aligned in the spatial frequency domain. Spatial resampling has the advantage that it can reduce each wideband source in multigroup multiple-source scenarios to essentially a rank-one representation without preliminary estimates or a priori knowledge of the spatial distribution of the sources. Preliminary simulations performed using a well-known digital interpolation method to implement spatial resampling with the MUSIC spectral estimator have yielded promising results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A genetic dichotomy model for the inheritance of Alzheimer’s disease and common age-related disorders (1999)

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), already one of the most serious health problems in the U.S., will carry an ever burgeoning impact as the proportion of elderly continues to increase. Clinically, AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by global cognitive decline. Neuropathologically, the brains of AD patients contain abundant amounts of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and β-amyloid in the form of senile plaques (SP) and blood vessel deposits. While the etiological events that lead to AD have not been clearly resolved, genetic factors clearly play a major role; there is an emerging consensus that AD is a complex and genetically heterogeneous disorder that is best explained by an age-dependent dichotomous model. On one hand, early-onset (<60) AD is caused by defects in any of three different genes: presenilin 1 (PSEN1) on chromosome 14 (1), presenilin 2 (PSEN2) on chromosome 1 (2), and the amyloid β protein precursor (APP) on chromosome 21 (3). On the other hand, late-onset AD is associated with genetic polymorphisms that appear to operate as risk factors and/or genetic modifiers.
Aggregating gradient distributions into intensity orders: A novel local image descriptor (2011)

A novel local image descriptor is proposed in this paper, which combines intensity orders and gradient distributions in multiple support regions. The novelty lies in three aspects: 1) The gradient is calculated in a rotation invariant way in a given support region; 2) The rotation invariant gradients are adaptively pooled spatially based on intensity orders in order to encode spatial information; 3) Multiple support regions are used for constructing descriptor which further improves its discriminative ability. Therefore, the proposed descriptor encodes not only gradient information but also information about relative relationship of intensities as well as spatial information. In addition, it is truly rotation invariant in theory without the need of computing a dominant orientation which is a major error source of most existing methods, such as SIFT. Results on the standard Oxford dataset and 3D objects have shown a significant improvement over the state-of-the-art methods under various image transformations.
The statistical dependence of oxide failure rates on V/sub dd/ and t/sub ox/ variations, with applications to process design, circuit design, and end use (2003)

We describe here a new methodology which demonstrates the power of understanding the statistical dependence of the average failure rate (AFR) from dielectric wearout on statistical variations of the oxide electric field (E/sub ox/) arising from statistical variations of the power supply voltage (V/sub dd/) and oxide thickness (t/sub ox/). It has quantitative applications to process flow design, manufacturing, circuit design, and end use. For process flow designers, it allows about 4 /spl Aring/ thinner gate oxide for the 1.8 V example technology studied here, compared to a simpler worst-case corner approach at maximum power supply voltage V/sub dd/ and minimum t/sub ox/. This reduction in oxide thickness enables improved device and circuit performance. For manufacturing, it also shows that tighter control of oxide thickness would be unwarranted for the specific example given here. For circuit designers, it allows transient overshoot voltages which can be about 10% higher than those based on a worst-case corner field. For end users pushing the performance envelope, it provides understanding of the trade-offs between reliability and power supply parameters.
Exact results for Ising models on the triangular Kagomé lattice (2005)

A two-dimensional Ising model on a particular topological structure, a ``triangles-in-triangles'' Kagom\'e structure, which is called a triangular-Kagom\'e lattice, is investigated. In this model, we consider two interaction parameters ${J}_{aa}$ and ${J}_{ab}$, corresponding to the interactions among spins on the inner sites and between spins on the inner and vertex sites of the triangular in the Kagom\'e lattice, respectively. By summing over all spins at inner sites in the partition function, we arrive at the partition function of the Kagom\'e lattice. The effective interaction of the corresponding Kagom\'e lattice is always ferromagnetic, even for antiferromagnetic ${J}_{aa}$. The critical properties of the system depend only on ${J}_{aa}∕\ensuremath{\mid}{J}_{ab}\ensuremath{\mid}$. When ${J}_{aa}∕\ensuremath{\mid}{J}_{ab}\ensuremath{\mid}>\ensuremath{-}1$, the system has long range order at low temperature. However, when ${J}_{aa}∕\ensuremath{\mid}{J}_{ab}\ensuremath{\mid}<\ensuremath{-}1$, the partition function of the triangular-Kagom\'e lattice can be related to that of the Kagom\'e lattice with effective interaction at a temperature higher than its critical temperature. Therefore, the system will be in paramagnetic phase at all temperatures for ${J}_{aa}∕\ensuremath{\mid}{J}_{ab}\ensuremath{\mid}<\ensuremath{-}1$. The phase diagram for ${J}_{aa}∕\ensuremath{\mid}{J}_{ab}\ensuremath{\mid}$ is given exactly.
Adsorption characteristics of trace volatile organic compounds in gas streams onto activated carbon fibers (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdsorption characteristics of trace volatile organic compounds in gas streams onto activated carbon fibersK. L. Foster, R. G. Fuerman, J. Economy, S. M. Larson, and M. J. RoodCite this: Chem. Mater. 1992, 4, 5, 1068–1073Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00023a026https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00023a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1347Altmetric-Citations166LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Microprocessor controlled PWM inverters for UPS applications (1988)

A Doctoral Thesis. Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy at Loughborough University.
Therapeutic effect of artemisinin on lupus nephritis mice and its mechanisms (2010)

In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of artemisinin (Art) on lupus nephritis mice and its mechanisms by comparing the differences between lupus nephritis (LN) mice given Art and control mice in molecular biology, immunohistochemistry, and histopathology. The results showed that Art could remarkably relieve the symptoms, decrease the level of urine protein/24 h, and alleviate pathological renal lesions. The differences among the four groups in the expression of the NF-κBp65 protein, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity, and the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) mRNA in renal tissue suggested that Art can lower the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and inhibit the expression of the NF-κBp65 protein and NF-κB and TGF-β1 mRNA in the renal tissues of LN mice. These results proved that it is reliable and effective to use Art to treat LN mice, and its therapeutic mechanisms should closely be related to the fact that Art can obviously decrease the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 and down-regulate the expression of the NF-κBp65 protein and NF-κB and TGF-β1 mRNA in renal tissues.
S100A9 induces differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells through TLR4 (2017)

S100A8 and S100A9 are calcium-binding proteins predominantly expressed by neutrophils and monocytes and play key roles in both normal and pathological inflammation. Recently, both proteins were found to promote tumor progression through the establishment of premetastatic niches and inhibit antitumor immune responses. Although S100A8 and S100A9 have been studied in solid cancers, their functions in hematological malignancies remain poorly understood. However, S100A8 and S100A9 are highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and S100A8 expression has been linked to poor prognosis in AML. We identified a small subpopulation of cells expressing S100A8 and S100A9 in AML mouse models and primary human AML samples. In vitro and in vivo analyses revealed that S100A9 induces AML cell differentiation, whereas S100A8 prevents differentiation induced by S100A9 activity and maintains AML immature phenotype. Treatment with recombinant S100A9 proteins increased AML cell maturation, induced growth arrest, and prolonged survival in an AML mouse model. Interestingly, anti-S100A8 antibody treatment had effects similar to those of S100A9 therapy in vivo, suggesting that high ratios of S100A9 over S100A8 are required to induce differentiation. Our in vitro studies on the mechanisms/pathways involved in leukemic cell differentiation revealed that binding of S100A9 to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) promotes activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, and Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathways, leading to myelomonocytic and monocytic AML cell differentiation. These findings indicate that S100A8 and S100A9 are regulators of myeloid differentiation in leukemia and have therapeutic potential in myelomonocytic and monocytic AMLs.
Age and gender identification in social media (2014)

This paper describes the submission of the University of Washington's Center for Data Science to the PAN 2014 author profiling task. We examine the predictive quality in terms of age and gender of several sets of features extracted from various genres of online social media. Through comparison, we establish a feature set which maximizes accuracy of gender and age prediction across all genres examined. We report accuracies obtained by two approaches to the multi-label classification problem of predicting both age and gender; a model wherein the multi-label problem is reduced to a single-label problem using powerset transformation, and a chained classier approach wherein the output of a dedicated classier for gender is used as input for a classier for age.
Full quantum treatment of charge dynamics in amorphous molecular semiconductors (2018)

We present a treatment of charge dynamics in amorphous molecular semiconductors that accounts for the coupling of charges to all intramolecular phonon modes in a fully quantum mechanical way. Based on ab initio calculations, we derive charge transfer rates that improve on the widely used semiclassical Marcus rate and obtain benchmark results for the mobility and energetic relaxation of electrons and holes in three semiconductors commonly applied in organic light-emitting diodes. Surprisingly, we find very similar results when using the simple Miller-Abrahams rate. We conclude that extracting the disorder strength from temperature-dependent charge transport studies is very possible but extracting the reorganization energy is not.
Static compaction techniques to control scan vector power dissipation (2002)

Excessive switching activity during scan testing can cause average power dissipation and peak power during test to be much higher than during normal operation. This can cause problems both with heat dissipation and with current spikes. Compacting scan vectors greatly increases the power dissipation for the vectors (generally the power becomes several times greater). The compacted scan vectors often can exceed the power constraints and hence cannot be used. It is shown here that by carefully selecting the order in which pairs of test cubes are merged during static compaction, both average power and peak power for the final test set can be greatly reduced. A static compaction procedure is presented that can be used to find a minimal set of scan vectors that satisfies constraints on both average power and peak power. The proposed approach is simple yet effective and can be easily implemented in the conventional test vector generation flow used in industry today.
Toolkits for idea competitions: a novel method to integrate users in new product development (2006)

Research has shown that many innovations originate not in the manufacturer but the user domain. Internet-based toolkits for idea competitions (TIC) are a novel way for manufacturers to access innovative ideas and solutions from users. Idea competitions build on the nature of competition as a means to encourage users to participate at an open innovation process, to inspire their creativity, and to increase the quality of the submissions. When the contest ends, submissions are evaluated by an expert panel. Users whose submissions score highest receive an award from the manufacturer, which is often granted in exchange for the right to exploit the solution in its domain. Following the idea of evolutionary prototyping, we developed a TIC in cooperation with a manufacturer of sports goods. The TIC was launched as a pilot in one of the company's markets. Submissions were evaluated using the consensual assessment technique. The evaluation of this study provides suggestions for further research, but also implications for managers willing to explore TIC in their organization.
Studies on Steroidal Ethers: Uterotrophic, Oviductotrophic and Lipid-Shifting Properties of Some 3-Ethers of Estrone1 (1962)

Journal Article Studies on Steroidal Ethers: Uterotrophic, Oviductotrophic and Lipid-Shifting Properties of Some 3-Ethers of Estrone Get access ALBERTO ERCOLI, ALBERTO ERCOLI 1Laboratori di Ricerche Vister Casatenovo (Como), Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar FERDINANDO GALLETTI, FERDINANDO GALLETTI 1Laboratori di Ricerche Vister Casatenovo (Como), Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar GIOVANNI FALCONI GIOVANNI FALCONI 1Laboratori di Ricerche Vister Casatenovo (Como), Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Endocrinology, Volume 71, Issue 4, 1 October 1962, Pages 593–597, https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-71-4-593 Published: 01 October 1962 Article history Received: 16 February 1962 Published: 01 October 1962
Limited hydrolysis of soy proteins with endo‐ and exoproteases (2004)

Abstract Changes in the native state and functional properties of soy protein achieved by limited proteolysis of soy flour were investigated. Different enzyme‐to‐substrate ratios (E/S) were used to obtain low (3–5%) and medium (5–10%) degrees of hydrolysis (DH). Six protease preparations (three with predominately exopeptidase activities and three with predominately endopeptidase activities) were evaluated, and their effects on solubility, emulsification capacity, SDS‐PAGE profiles, and denaturation enthalpies were characterized. Endoproteases (Multifect ® Neutral, Protex ™ 6L, and Multifect ® P‐3000) and exoproteases (Fungal Protease Concentrate, Experimental Fungal Protease #1, and Experimental Fungal Protease #2) yielded similar increases in soy protein solubility. The modifications to the soy peptide profile were similar for the three exoprotease mixtures at a 1% E/S ratio, whereas the extent of hydrolysis with Protex ™ 6L was more pronounced than with the two other endoproteases (Multifect ® Neutral and Multifect ® P‐3000). The emulsification capacity of protease‐modified soy flour declined regardless of DH and enzyme type (exo‐ or endoprotease). After hydrolysis to >4% DH, denaturation enthalpies of glycinin and β‐conglycinin decreased significantly, whereas hydrolysis to lower DH did not affect these values.