gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Histologic analysis of thermal effects of laser thermokeratoplasty and corneal ablation using Sirius-red polarization microscopy (1997)

Sirius red offered an improved and simple histologic method for analyzing thermal collagen changes. It may contribute to a better understanding of the working mechanisms of LTK and improve analysis of thermal effects in corneal ablation.
The role of bradykinin in mediating ischemic brain edema in rats. (1993)

These results demonstrate that bradykinin levels in plasma and tissue corresponded to cerebral edema progression and that bradykinin suppression decreased edema formation. These novel findings indicate that bradykinin activation augments the progression of ischemic brain edema.
Effective RF codebook design and channel estimation for millimeter wave communication systems (2015)

Millimeter wave (mmWave) technologies can enable current mobile communication systems to achieve higher data rates. However, wireless channels at mmWave frequencies experience higher isotropic path loss. Therefore, employing a suitable beamforming algorithm is an indispensable element of any mmWave system. Traditional multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems employ digital beamforming where each antenna element is equipped with one RF chain. In case of mmWave systems, however, the power consumption, signalling and hardware cost impose the designers to deploy analog or hybrid beamforming strategies. This paper addresses two key problems in beamforming for millimeter wave communication systems. First, an effective codebook is designed, using a genetic algorithm that achieves a near-optimal array gain in all directions. This RF codebook is shown to perform better compared to the state-of-the-art RF codebooks with fewer RF chains and lower resolution phase shifters. Secondly, a low complexity channel estimation scheme is proposed that requires less signalling overhead and is effective with low-resolution phase shifters. Finally, the performance of the proposed RF codebook and channel estimation scheme is thoroughly investigated in terms of spectral efficiency.
Speeding molecular recognition by using the folding funnel: The fly-casting mechanism (2000)

Protein folding and binding are kindred processes. Many proteins in the cell are unfolded, so folding and function are coupled. This paper investigates how binding kinetics is influenced by the folding of a protein. We find that a relatively unstructured protein molecule can have a greater capture radius for a specific binding site than the folded state with its restricted conformational freedom. In this scenario of binding, the unfolded state binds weakly at a relatively large distance followed by folding as the protein approaches the binding site: the "fly-casting mechanism." We illustrate this scenario with the hypothetical kinetics of binding a single repressor molecule to a DNA site and find that the binding rate can be significantly enhanced over the rate of binding of a fully folded protein.
Impaired Therapeutic Capacity of Autologous Stem Cells in a Model of Type 2 Diabetes (2012)

Endogenous stem cells in the bone marrow respond to environmental cues and contribute to tissue maintenance and repair. In type 2 diabetes, a multifaceted metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, major complications are seen in multiple organ systems. To evaluate the effects of this disease on the endogenous stem cell population, we used a type 2 diabetic mouse model (db/db), which recapitulates these diabetic phenotypes. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from db/db mice were characterized in vitro using flow cytometric cell population analysis, differentiation, gene expression, and proliferation assays. Diabetic MSCs were evaluated for their therapeutic potential in vivo using an excisional splint wound model in both nondiabetic wild-type and diabetic mice. Diabetic animals possessed fewer MSCs, which were proliferation and survival impaired in vitro. Examination of the recruitment response of stem and progenitor cells after wounding revealed that significantly fewer endogenous MSCs homed to the site of injury in diabetic subjects. Although direct engraftment of healthy MSCs accelerated wound closure in both healthy and diabetic subjects, diabetic MSC engraftment produced limited improvement in the diabetic subjects and could not produce the same therapeutic outcomes as in their nondiabetic counterparts in vivo. Our data reveal stem cell impairment as a major complication of type 2 diabetes in mice and suggest that the disease may stably alter endogenous MSCs. These results have implications for the efficiency of autologous therapies in diabetic patients and identify endogenous MSCs as a potential therapeutic target.
An Aberrant Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase–Proline-Glycine-Proline Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2014)

These results demonstrate a novel pathway of aberrant regulation of PGP/AcPGP, suggesting this inflammatory pathway may be intimately involved in disease progression in the absence of ongoing cigarette smoke exposure. We highlight a mechanism by which acrolein potentiates neutrophilic inflammation through selective inhibition of LTA4H aminopeptidase activity. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00292552).
Effect of Replacement of Corn by Protected Tallow in a Cattle Finishing Diet on Animal Performance and Composition (1981)

Animal acceptance of a protected tallow product (PT) and its effect on performance was evaluated with 180 steers (average weight 350 kg). Animals were assigned by weight and breed stratification to three treatment groups, each replicated twice with 30 animals per pen. Treatments consisted of: (1) a high energy flaked corn and corn silage-based control (C) diet; (2 + 3) partial replacement of flaked corn in the C diet with PT and corn silage to provide (2)5% supplemental fat (medium fat, MF) and (3) 10% supplemental fat (high fat, HF). All diets were formulated to contain equal amounts of metabolizable energy. Live animal performance of steers fed the MF diet was superior (P<.05) to that of the HF-fed steers, as evaluated by the following parameters: feed intake (C, 9.6 kg DM/day; MF, 9.8, and HF, 9.1), live weight gain (C, 1.45 kg/day; MF, 1.50, and HF, 1.38) and feed efficiency (C, 6.61 DM intake/ gain; MF, 6.49, and HF, 6.59). Steers fed the diets containing PT had a lower (P<.05) percentage retail yield based on carcass measurements (C, 50.7% retail yield; MF, 50.0, and HF, 49.9), with dietary fat influencing kidney and pelvic fat percentage the most. The percentage of carcasses that graded Choice or higher did not differ significantly among treatments. Specific gravity measurements indicated that PT-fed steers were fatter (P<.01) than C-fed steers evaluated on a constant carcass weight basis (C, 29.1% empty body fat; MF, 30.7, and HF, 30.4). Animals fed the MF diet ate the most and yielded about 6% more empty body energy (P<.01) than animals given the other treatments (C, 1,759 Meal empty body energy; MF, 1,872, and HF, 1,782). HF-fed steers ate less and were not as heavy at slaughter as C-fed steers but yielded nearly equal amounts of empty body energy.
Stereo vision-based obstacle avoidance for micro air vehicles using an egocylindrical image space representation (2016)

Micro air vehicles which operate autonomously at low altitude in cluttered environments require a method for onboard obstacle avoidance for safe operation. Previous methods deploy either purely reactive approaches, mapping low-level visual features directly to actuator inputs to maneuver the vehicle around the obstacle, or deliberative methods that use on-board 3-D sensors to create a 3-D, voxel-based world model, which is then used to generate collision free 3-D trajectories. In this paper, we use forward-looking stereo vision with a large horizontal and vertical field of view and project range from stereo into a novel robot-centered, cylindrical, inverse range map we call an egocylinder. With this implementation we reduce the complexity of our world representation from a 3D map to a 2.5D image-space representation, which supports very efficient motion planning and collision checking, and allows to implement configuration space expansion as an image processing function directly on the egocylinder. Deploying a fast reactive motion planner directly on the configuration space expanded egocylinder image, we demonstrate the effectiveness of this new approach experimentally in an indoor environment.
[Telomere and telomerase as targets for anti-cancer drugs]. (2004)

Telomerase is a hopeful molecular target of anti-cancer drugs because it is practically specific and essential for survival and growth of cancer cells. Cancer cells in vitro ceased proliferation after introduction of dominant-negative cDNA or RNAi of telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT) or anti-sense RNA of template RNA subunit (hTR) of telomerase. Some reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, compounds that stabilize G-quartet structure of telomere DNA and other natural or synthetic compounds were reported to inhibit telomerase activity and proliferation of cancer cells in vitro. Vectors carrying cDNA that produces mutant hTR partly blocked proliferation of cancer cells probably through inhibition of sequence-specific binding of telomere proteins. Telomere binding proteins are possible targets of anti-cancer drugs that modify telomere structure and block recruitment of telomerase. Combination of inhibitors with different action mechanisms accelerated telomere shortening and reduced period of time required for cancer cell killing. Repressor of hTERT expression, menin, is a possible target in future.
The role of secretory leucoprotease inhibitor in the resolution of inflammatory responses (2007)

Chronic lung disease is one of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide. This group of diseases is characterized by a protease burden, an infective process and a dominant pro-inflammatory profile. While SLPI (secretory leucoprotease inhibitor) was initially identified as a serine protease inhibitor, it has since been shown that SLPI possesses other properties distinct from those associated with its antiprotease capabilities that play an important role in protecting the host from infection and injury. In the course of this review, we will highlight the findings from a range of studies that illustrate the multiple functions of SLPI and its role in the resolution of the immune response.
Multiple model MIMO predictive control for variable speed variable pitch wind turbines (2010)

A multivariable control strategy based on model predictive control techniques for the control of variable speed variable pitch wind turbines is proposed. The proposed control strategy is described for the whole operating region of the wind turbine (both partial and full load regimes). Pitch angle and generator torque are controlled simultaneously to maximize energy capture, mitigate drive train transient loads and smooth the power generated while reducing the pitch actuator activity. This has the effect of improving the efficiency and the power quality of the electrical power generated, and of increasing the life time of the system's mechanical parts. Furthermore, safe and acceptable operation of the system is guaranteed by incorporating most of the constraints on the physical variables of the WECS in the controller design. In order to cope with nonlinearities in the WECS and continuous variations in the operating point, a multiple model predictive controller is suggested which provides near optimal performance throughout the whole operating region.
146λ × 6 × 19-Gbaud Wavelength-and Mode-Division Multiplexed Transmission Over 10 × 50-km Spans of Few-Mode Fiber With a Gain-Equalized Few-Mode EDFA (2013)

We demonstrate wavelength- and mode-division multiplexed transmission over a fiber re-circulating loop comprising 50-km of low-DMGD few-mode fiber, and an optimized few-mode EDFA with reduced wavelength-dependent gain and mode-dependent gain. We characterize the channel matrix in terms of its singular value spread, and investigate its long-term stability.
Secure Speech Communication over Public Switched Telephone Network (2006)

This paper is incorporated to explain the work to design a secure telephone prototype namely "SecurePhone", with practical and reliable encryption, easy to operate and connects to public switched telephone networks (PSTN). SecurePhone is a device terminal that is designed to operate reliably, with high speech quality. It can acts as both ordinary telephones and secure instruments over the dial-up PSTN. Secure telephone operates in full duplex over a single telephone circuit using echo cancelling modem technology.
Infants' Exploration of Scented Toys: Effects of Prior Experiences (1998)

To evaluate breastfed infants' responses to scented objects, we videotaped the facial and bodily reactions of sixty-three infants as they explored, in succession, three toys that were identical in appearance but different in their characteristic odor. Two of the toys were scented with odorants previously shown to be transmitted to human milk, one with ethanol and the other with vanilla, whereas the third toy was unscented. Each videotape was subjected to frame-by-frame analysis to measure a variety of behaviors that are considered either to be exploratory in nature in that they lead to perceptual information about the object or to reflect the infants' hedonic reaction. Analyses of these behaviors revealed that the infants looked more and vocalized less in the presence of the vanilla-scented toy and spent less time manipulating the ethanol-scented toy when compared with the unscented toy. Moreover, differential exposure to the odors of ethanol and vanilla, as indicated by differential consumption of alcohol by a parent or use of vanilla-scented product by the mother, was related to differential responses to these odors. These findings suggest that human infants are able to detect and retain information about the chemical features of their environment.
Human cysteine proteinases and their protein inhibitors stefins, cystatins and kininogens. (1986)

The cathepsins B, H and L of human origin were isolated in pure form in sufficient quantities for structural characterization. The complete amino acid sequence of human liver cathepsin B was determined. Partial amino acid sequences of the human kidney cathepsin H and L show the highly conserved region around the active site cysteine. The cysteine proteinase inhibitors stefin A, human stefin B and human cystatin C were isolated, characterized and sequenced. Their amino acid sequences are compared with sequences of other protein inhibitors of the stefin and cystatin family, showing a high degree of homology throughout both families. The stefin and cystatin family, together with newly discovered kininogen family belong to the same superfamily of cystatins. The constructed dendrogram shows that the most closely related inhibitors so far sequenced are human stefin B and rat liver TPI.
Sustained elevation of platelet counts by long-term azidothymidine treatment of immunosuppressed mice. (1993)

Azidothymidine (AZT) has been demonstrated to increase platelet counts in patients suffering from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, the ability of long-term AZT treatment to sustain increases in platelet counts is controversial. We have recently demonstrated that AZT elevates the levels of circulating platelets in both normal C57BL/6 mice and mice made immunodeficient by infection with LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (MAIDS mice). We therefore studied the effect of long-term AZT administration on platelet formation in both normal and MAIDS mice. Peripheral blood indices, levels of femoral and splenic megakaryocyte colony forming units (CFU-MK), and plasma levels of cytokines important in platelet formation-interleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)--were examined. Platelet counts remained elevated throughout a 120-day AZT treatment period. Splenic CFU-MK were not significantly changed in MAIDS mice, except at day 15 when they were elevated. Splenic CFU-MK were significantly decreased in normal mice at days 8 and 120, and increased at day 30. Bone marrow CFU-MK were increased by AZT treatment at all time points tested in both normal and MAIDS mice. Plasma levels of GM-CSF were unchanged by AZT treatment in both normal and MAIDS mice. Plasma levels of IL-6 were unchanged in AZT-treated normal mice but decreased in AZT-treated MAIDS mice. These results indicate that long-term AZT treatment maintains elevated levels of platelets in both normal and MAIDS mice and affects CFU-MK colony formation. Our studies add to a growing body of work suggesting that AZT can ameliorate thrombocytopenia associated with HIV disease.
VICTOR M. HAUGHTON: 42nd President of the American Society of Neuroradiology (2004)

On June 9, 2004 Victor Haughton was installed as the 42nd President of the American Society of Neuroradiology. In Vic, the ASNR has a leader who has devoted his professional life to maintaining excellence in clinical neuroradiology, as well as in the science of neuroimaging and its anatomic
Rates of Carriage of Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in an Outpatient Population (2003)

MRSA and MSSA colonization is common in our outpatient population. Colonization is best detected by nares cultures and most carriers of MRSA are without apparent predisposing risk factors for acquisition. Colonizing isolates of MRSA are heterogeneous and, unlike nosocomial isolates, often retain susceptibility to other non-beta-lactam antibiotics.
Bioactive proteins in breast milk (2013)

Human milk contains many proteins that have been shown to be bioactive, but it is still not known whether these activities are exerted in breast-fed infants. These bioactivities include enzyme activities, enhancement of nutrient absorption, growth stimulation, modulation of the immune system and defence against pathogens. The antimicrobial activities are very diverse, ranging from stimulation of beneficial microorganisms (i.e. prebiotic effects), killing or inhibition of growth of pathogens, to mechanisms preventing attachment or invasion of harmful microorganisms. Among the bioactive proteins are lactoferrin, lysozyme, secretory immunoglobulin A, haptocorrin, lactoperoxidase, α-lactalbumin, bile salt stimulated lipase, β- and κ-casein, and tumour growth factor β. Human milk proteins may be largely resistant against digestion in the gastrointestinal tract, be partially digested into bioactive peptides, or be more or less completely digested and utilised as a source of amino acids. These events can be studied using an in vitro digestion model, which is useful for predicting results in human infants. Some bovine milk proteins, for example, lactoferrin and tumour growth factor β, may also resist proteolysis and be capable of exerting bioactivities similar to those of human milk proteins.
An Energy Preserving Scheme For Constrained Flexible Nonlinear Multibody Systems (2004)

An energy conserving algorithm which was presented in previous works, is now being
extended to flexible problems by developing the formulation of a nonlinear large rotations beam.
Although the general formulation in previous works included flexibility, only rigid multibody
dynamics problems were tested. Flexibility is dealt with easily in energy conserving algorithms
only for finite element models with displacement degrees of freedom. However, beam models
which have rotation degrees of freedom, are more cumbersome to be handled. The beam model
which we introduce in this paper has been simplified and lead to quite compact expressions of
its different terms. The time integration algorithm proves now to be able to deal with flexible
multibody dynamics problems. This kind of algorithms have many advantages, both theoretical
and practical, because of its unconditional stability which is warranted even in the nonlinear
regime.
RIFD: Frequency, standards, adoption and innovation (2006)

This report gives an overview to RFID technology, whilst outlining the current and future uses of the technology within further and higher education. Technologies such as mobile phones and PDA's have the potential to change the nature of teaching; RFID acts as a technology that enables open, mobile learning experiences. RFID technology has been at the centre on much technological hype. The fragmentation of the industry has seen the proliferation of many different technologies and standards. The collection, organisation and dissemination of this vast array of information was a key part of the report, however, the real value of the work lies in the insights and ideas it gives around new applications and uses of RFID.
LIVING BIOSENSORS FOR THE MANAGEMENT AND MANIPULATION OF MICROBIAL CONSORTIA (1994)

The increasing interest in microbial ecology has resulted in the creation of new tools for the study of complex microbial interactions. Bioreporter genes are particularly useful because they provide a means of determining gene activity. Most bioreporter genes utilize a biochemical assay requiring destructive sampling of the microbial consortium, but lux bioreporter genes produce visible light when active. The measurement of light is rapid, sensitive, and quantifiable, and background signal is usually absent. The usefulness of lux bioreporters is shown in several examples that demonstrate the unique attributes of this bioreporter. Despite some limitations, bioluminescence has proved to be a useful bioreporter under both laboratory and field conditions. Technological developments are discussed that have the potential to increase the number of bioreporter genes.
[Work on a scientific medical article]. (2002)

Motivations to writing scientific medical articles are outlined as well as types of medical publications and requirements to a good article. Market of medical papers is analysed and algorithm of search for a journal for sending publication is presented. Correlations between medical practice and science, training of personnel and co-authorship are considered.
An impairment-aware virtual optical network composition mechanism for future Internet (2011)

In this paper, a novel Infrastructure as a Service architecture for future Internet enabled by optical network virtualization is proposed. Central to this architecture is a novel virtual optical network (VON) composition mechanism capable of taking physical layer impairments (PLIs) into account. The impact of PLIs on VON composition is investigated based on both analytical model of PLIs and industrial parameters. Furthermore, the impact of network topology on VON composition is evaluated. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
Estimation of the Process Parameter for High-Pressure (supercritical fluid) Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Natural Products (1988)

Abstract The objectives of this work were to find a useful concept for the design of hig-pressure extraction (HPE) plants and to carry out a parameter analysis of various influences on construction and design. To evaluate the influence of each parameter on the process better, the parameters were subdivided into five groups. Experiments were made to determine the solubility and mass transfer of neutral products in CO2. These results were tested with models in order to establish the possibility of a mathematical description of HPE processes.