gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Convective Nonlinearity in Non-Newtonian Fluids (2000)

In the limit of infinite yield time for stresses, the hydrodynamic equations for viscoelastic, non-Newtonian liquids such as polymer melts must reduce to that for solids. This piece of information suffices to uniquely determine the nonlinear convective derivative, an ongoing point of contention in the rheology literature.
Wake-Up Logic Optimizations Through Selective Match and Wakeup Range Limitation (2006)

This paper presents two effective wakeup designs that improve the speed, power, area, and scalability without instructions per cycle (IPC) loss for dynamic instruction schedulers. First, a wakeup design is proposed to aim at reducing the power consumption and wakeup latency. This design removes the read of the destination tags from the wakeup path by matching the source tags directly with the grant lines. Moreover, this design eliminates the redundant matches during the wakeup operations by matching the source tags with only the selected grant lines. Next, the second design explores a metric called wakeup locality to further reduce the area cost of the wakeup logic. By limiting the wakeup ranges for the instructions in the issue window, this design not only reduces the area requirement but also improves the scalability. The experimental results show that this range-limited-wakeup design saves 76%-94% of the power consumption and reduces 29%-77% in the wakeup latency compared to the conventional CAM-based scheme with only 5%-44% of the area cost in a traditional RAM-based scheme. The results also show that this design scales well with the increase of both the issue width and the window size
Two Catalytic Domains Are Required for Protein Deacetylation (2005)

Histone deacetylase (HDAC)-6 was recently identified as a dual substrate, possibly multisubstrate, deacetylase that can act both on acetylated histone tails and on alpha-tubulin acetylated on Lys40. HDAC-6 is unique among deacetylases in having two hdac domains, and we have used this enzyme as a useful model to dissect the structural requirements for the deacetylation reaction. In this report, we show that both hdac domains are required for the intact deacetylase activity of HDAC-6 in vitro and in vivo. The spatial arrangement of these two domains in HDAC-6 is essential and alteration of the linker region between the two domains severely affects the catalytic activity. Artificial chimeric HDACs, made by replacing the hdac domains in HDAC-6 with corresponding domains from other class II HDACs, show de novo deacetylase activity. Taken together, our results demonstrate for the first time that the spatial arrangement of hdac domains is critical for in vivo deacetylation reaction and may provide a useful model for the development of novel HDAC inhibitors.
Mitochondrial uncoupler exerts a synthetic lethal effect against β‐catenin mutant tumor cells (2017)

The wingless/int-1 (Wnt) signal transduction pathway plays a central role in cell proliferation, survival, differentiation and apoptosis. When β-catenin: a component of the Wnt pathway, is mutated into an active form, cell growth signaling is hyperactive and drives oncogenesis. As β-catenin is mutated in a wide variety of tumors, including up to 10% of all sporadic colon carcinomas and 20% of hepatocellular carcinomas, it has been considered a promising target for therapeutic interventions. Therefore, we screened an in-house natural product library for compounds that exhibited synthetic lethality towards β-catenin mutations and isolated nonactin, an antibiotic mitochondrial uncoupler, as a hit compound. Nonactin, as well as other mitochondrial uncouplers, induced apoptosis selectively in β-catenin mutated tumor cells. Significant tumor regression was observed in the β-catenin mutant HCT 116 xenograft model, but not in the β-catenin wild type A375 xenograft model, in response to daily administration of nonactin in vivo. Furthermore, we found that expression of an active mutant form of β-catenin induced a decrease in the glycolysis rate. Taken together, our results demonstrate that tumor cells with mutated β-catenin depend on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for survival. Therefore, they undergo apoptosis in response to mitochondrial dysfunction following the addition of mitochondrial uncouplers, such as nonactin. These results suggest that targeting mitochondria is a potential chemotherapeutic strategy for tumor cells that harbor β-catenin mutations.
Naturally Acquired Antibody Responses to<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>Merozoite Surface Protein 4 in a Population Living in an Area of Endemicity in Vietnam (2001)

Merozoite surface protein 4 (MSP4) of Plasmodium falciparum is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored integral membrane protein that is being developed as a component of a subunit vaccine against malaria. We report here the measurement of naturally acquired antibodies to MSP4 in a population of individuals living in the Khanh-Hoa region of Vietnam, an area where malaria is highly endemic. Antibodies to MSP4 were detected in 94% of the study population at titers of 1:5,000 or greater. Two forms of recombinant MSP4 produced in either Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae were compared as substrates in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. There was an excellent correlation between reactivity measured to either, although the yeast substrate was recognized by a higher percentage of sera. Four different regions of MSP4 were recognized by human antibodies, demonstrating that there are at least four distinct epitopes in this protein. In the carboxyl terminus, where the single epidermal growth factor-like domain is located, the reactive epitope(s) was shown to be conformation dependent, as disruption of the disulfide bonds almost completely abolished reactivity with human antibodies. The anti-MSP4 antibodies were mainly of the immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG3 subclasses, suggesting that such antibodies may play a role in opsonization and complement-mediated lysis of free merozoites. Individuals in the study population were drug-cured and followed up for 6 months; no significant correlation was observed between the anti-MSP4 antibodies and the absence of parasitemia during the surveillance period. As a comparison, antibodies to MSP1(19), a leading vaccine candidate, were measured, and no correlation with protection was observed in these individuals. The anti-MSP1(19) antibodies were predominantly of the IgG1 isotype, in contrast to the IgG3 predominance noted for MSP4.
Prospects for the biological control of plant-parasitic nematodes (1980)

SUMMARY Biological control is understood here in the classical sense, which is precisely defined by De Bach (1964) as ‘the action of parasites, predators or pathogens in maintaining another organism's population density at a lower average than would occur in their absence’. This account consists of a survey of the principal causes of disease in nematodes, with a summary of the efforts made to use certain pathogens in practise and a discussion of nematode pathology with reference to destruction of plant pathogenic nematodes.
Dynamic modeling and control of a brushless doubly-fed induction generator with a rotating power electronic converter (2012)

A different configuration of brushless doubly-fed induction generator is presented. The power electronic converters are mounted on the rotor rotating with it. The slip rings and carbon brushes are replaced by a rotating exciter which serves as a slip recovery device as well as a means of providing excitation to the rotor of the induction generator. The dynamic model of the brushless topology is derived and analyzed. Furthermore, feedback control of the topology is also implemented and analyzed. It is shown that the generator shows stable operation in steady state as well as in dynamic state at variable speeds.
P‐117: Electrowetting‐Based Pixelation for Light Wave Coupling Displays (2005)

Abstract A pixelation technique is reported for light wave coupling (LWC) displays. LWC is a super‐efficient and novel emissive display platform which utilizes switchable coupling of brilliant RGB fluorescent media to a violet light storage plate. Electrowetting of fluorescent liquids provides a rapid, low‐power, and simple means for modulation of pixel luminance.
A compendium of neuropsychological tests: administration, norms, and commentary (1991)

1. Psychometrics in Neuropsychological Assessment 2. Norms Selection in Neuropsychological Assessment 3. History Taking 4. Test Selection, Test Administration, and Preparation of the Patient 5. Report Writing and Feedback Sessions 6. General Cognitive Functioning, Neuropsychological Batteries, and Assessment of Premorbid Intelligence 7. Achievement Tests 8. Executive Functions 9. Attention 10. Memory 11. Language Tests 12. Tests of Visual Perception 13. Tests of Somatosensory Function, Olfactory Funcation, and Body Orientation 14. Tests of Motor Function 15. Assessment of Mood, Personality and Adaptive Functions 16. Assessment of Response Bias and Suboptimal Performance
Immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinases in photodamaged skin by photodynamic therapy (2009)

Skin remodelling induced by MAL-PDT was demonstrated in photodamaged skin. Two sessions of MAL-PDT increases immunohistochemical expression of MMP-9 in the dermis at 3 months after treatment, and also of collagen type I.
Simulation of Low Velocity Impact on Composite Plates with Compressive Preload (2008)

*** * * ** Summary: The impact behaviour of fibre-reinforced composite materials is much more complex than it is for conventional metallic structures due to a number of different failure modes on the interlaminar and intralaminar level. In most of the past research studies unloaded specimens have been used for impact tests. However, in reality it is much more likely that a composite structure is exposed to a certain stress state when it is being impacted, which can have a significant effect on the impact performance. Therefore, in this study the influence of a compressive preload on the low velocity impact behaviour of a carbon fibre-reinforced composite plate was investigated both experimentally and numerically. Besides the evaluation of the experimental findings, this paper primarily describes the finite element modelling strategy of this preloaded composite plate for impact simulations with LSDYNA. The main topics addressed in this context are the composite material and delamination modelling as well as the implementation of the preload. The assessment of different modelling approaches, the influence of various simulation parameters and a comparison of the experimental and numerical results are documented in this paper.
Toward intelligent machine-to-machine communications in smart grid (2011)

The advanced metering infrastructure of the smart grid presents the biggest growth potential in the machine-to-machine market today. Spurred by recent advances in M2M technologies, SG smart meters are expected not to require human intervention in characterizing power requirements and energy distribution. However, there are many challenges in the design of the SG communications network whereby the electrical appliances and smart meters are able to exchange information pertaining to varying power requirements. Furthermore, different types of M2M gateways are required at different points (e.g., at home, in the building, at the neighborhood, and so forth) of the SG communication network. This article surveys a number of existing communication technologies that can be adopted for M2M communication in SG. Among these, the most reliable technology to facilitate M2M communication in the SG home area network is pointed out, and its shortcoming is also noted. Furthermore, a possible solution to deal with this shortcoming to improve SG communications scalability is also presented.
Mechanism of Fermi level pinning at metal/germanium interfaces (2011)

The physical origin of Fermi level pinning (FLP) at metal/Ge interfaces has been argued over a long period. Using the Fe${}_{3}$Si/Ge(111) heterostructure developed originally, we can explore electrical transport properties through atomically matched metal/Ge junctions. Unlike the conventional metal/$p$-Ge junctions reported so far, we clearly observe rectifying current-voltage characteristics with a measurable Schottky barrier height, depending on the contact area of the Fe${}_{3}$Si/Ge(111) junction. These results indicate that one should distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms for discussing the formation of the Schottky barrier at metal/Ge interfaces. This study will be developed for understanding FLP for almost all the metal/semiconductor interfaces.
Fabrication of silicon carriers with TSV electrical interconnections and embedded thermal solutions for high power 3-D package (2008)

This paper presents micro fabrication process and wafer level integration of a silicon carrier, in which optimized liquid cooling layers are embedded. Two or more carriers can then be stacked together with a silicon interposer in between to make up of a stacked cooling module for high power heat dissipation. Wafer bonding are carried out with AuSn-solder which deposited by evaporation and the shear strength is higher than 27.2 MPa after bonding, which is high enough for application. The advantage of this 3-D stacking method is that it provides a method of simultaneous realizing electrical interconnection and fluidic path between two carriers and it can extract heat from the constraints of 3-D silicon module chips to surface without external liquid circulation.
Problems in and Suggestions on Nongovernmental Education (1996)

Abstract Editor's Note: The Resolution of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party on Certain Questions Pertaining to the Establishment of the Socialist Market Economy pointed out that we must "change the status quo of the government running all schools and form a new system whereby government-run schools are predominant combined with participation in the establishment and running of schools by all sectors of society." With the establishment of this new system, nongovernmental education will have new opportunities for development. The various democratic parties, the All-China Association of Industry and Commerce, and the China Vocational Education Society have, for many years past, shared the country's cause and engaged in education, playing a positive role in promoting Chinese education. In late October of this year, the China Vocational Education Society will hold a national nongovernmental education symposium in Beijing in conjunction with the Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang, the China Democratic League, the China Democratic National Construction Association, the China Association for Promoting Democracy, the Chiu San Society, the Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party, the China Chih Kung Tang, the Taiwan Democratic Self-government League, and the All-China Association of Industry and Commerce. The meeting will discuss and revise the "Problems in and Suggestions on Nongovernmental Education," which will then be submitted to the party's central committee and the State Council. The text of the document is presented below to solicit public opinion:
“GLABROUS” A NEW HAIR DEFICIENT MUTANT IN THE HOUSE MOUSE (1972)

Certain human skin diseases characterized by a follicular hyperkeratosis are known to be genetically controlled.There are also some mutations that affect the skin or hair in laboratory animals, which are very similar to those observed in man (Fraser 1946).Most of these mutations, however, particularly in mice, have a normal primary hair
Glycemic Variability in the Use of Point-of-Care Glucose Meters (2012)

In Brief Point-of-care (POC) glucose meters are an essential part of diabetes care, but if their results are inaccurate, patients can be harmed. This review discusses pitfalls in the use and analysis of results from POC glucose meters. It also offers guidance on when these devices should not be used.
Promoting endothelial function by S-nitrosoglutathione through the HIF-1&alpha;/VEGF pathway stimulates neurorepair and functional recovery following experimental stroke in rats (2015)

GSNO stimulates the process of neurorepair, promotes angiogenesis, and aids functional recovery through the HIF-1α-dependent pathway, showing therapeutic and translational promise for stroke.
The Three-Dimensional Signal Collection Field for Fiber Photometry in Brain Tissue (2019)

Fiber photometry is used to monitor signals from fluorescent indicators in genetically-defined neural populations in behaving animals. Recently, fiber photometry has rapidly expanded and it now provides researchers with increasingly powerful means to record neural dynamics and neuromodulatory action. However, it is not clear how to select the optimal fiber optic given the constraints and goals of a particular experiment. Here, using combined confocal/2-photon microscope, we quantitatively characterize the fluorescence collection properties of various optical fibers in brain tissue. We show that the fiber size plays a major role in defining the volume of the optically sampled brain region, whereas numerical aperture impacts the total amount of collected signal and, marginally, the shape and size of the collection volume. We show that ~80% of the effective signal arises from 10<sup>5</sup> to 10<sup>6</sup> μm<sup>3</sup> volume extending ~200 μm from the fiber facet for 200 μm core optical fibers. Together with analytical and ray tracing collection maps, our results reveal the light collection properties of different optical fibers in brain tissue, allowing for an accurate selection of the fibers for photometry and helping for a more precise interpretation of measurements in terms of sampled volume.
Tetraphenylhexaazaanthracene:  A Case for Dominance of Cyanine Ion Stabilization Overwhelming 16π Antiaromaticity (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTTetraphenylhexaazaanthracene: A Case for Dominance of Cyanine Ion Stabilization Overwhelming 16π AntiaromaticityKatherine Hutchison, Gordana Srdanov, Robin Hicks, Huinan Yu, Fred Wudl, Thomas Strassner, Maja Nendel, and K. N. HoukView Author Information Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids and Departments of Chemistry and Materials University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles, California 90095-1569 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 12, 2989–2990Publication Date (Web):March 17, 1998Publication History Received13 October 1997Published online17 March 1998Published inissue 1 April 1998https://doi.org/10.1021/ja973558oCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views995Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (115 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Dyes and pigments,Excited states,Hydrocarbons,Molecular structure,Zwitterions Get e-Alerts
Estimating Depth from Monocular Images as Classification Using Deep Fully Convolutional Residual Networks (2016)

Depth estimation from single monocular images is a key component of scene understanding and has benefited largely from deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) recently. In this article, we take advantage of the recent deep residual networks and propose a simple yet effective approach to this problem. We formulate depth estimation as a pixel-wise classification task. Specifically, we first discretize the continuous depth values into multiple bins and label the bins according to their depth range. Then we train fully convolutional deep residual networks to predict the depth label of each pixel. Performing discrete depth label classification instead of continuous depth value regression allows us to predict a confidence in the form of probability distribution. We further apply fully-connected conditional random fields (CRF) as a post processing step to enforce local smoothness interactions, which improves the results. We evaluate our approach on both indoor and outdoor datasets and achieve state-of-the-art performance.
Recent Advances in the Photorefraction of Doped Lithium Niobate Crystals (2012)

The recent advances in the photorefraction of doped lithium niobate crystals are reviewed. Materials have always been the main obstacle for commercial applications of photorefractive holographic storage. Though iron-doped LiNbO3 is the mainstay of holographic data storage efforts, several shortcomings, especially the low response speed, impede it from becoming a commercial recording medium. This paper reviews the photorefractive characteristics of different dopants, especially tetravalent ions, doped and co-doped LiNbO3 crystals, including Hf, Zr and Sn monodoped LiNbO3, Hf and Fe, Zr and Fe doubly doped LiNbO3, Zr, Fe and Mn, Zr, Cu and Ce triply doped LiNbO3, Ru doped LiNbO3, and V and Mo monodoped LiNbO3. Among them, Zr, Fe and Mn triply doped LiNbO3 shows excellent nonvolatile holographic storage properties, and V and Mo monodoped LiNbO3 has fast response and multi-wavelength storage characteristics.
Low-noise, high-speed data transmission using a ringing-canceling output buffer (1995)

The proposed ringing-canceling output buffer transmits a superimposed two-step pulse that almost completely cancels the ringing in the received waveform. Simulation showed that this circuit increases the noise margin by a factor of 2.6 compared to using a conventional circuit in a bus interface at a data rate of 200 MHz. A test circuit was designed and fabricated to experimentally verify the fundamental ringing-canceling effect. Compared with other approaches to reducing ringing, the ringing-canceling output buffer provides a bigger improvement in the noise margin with a smaller signal-delay. This output buffer is promising for improving the data transfer rate of the memory bus.
Nested codes with multiple interpretations (2006)

This paper proposes a new approach to channel code design for wireless network applications. The resulting nested codes can be decoded at different effective rates by different receivers-rates that depend on the prior knowledge possessed by each receiver; we say these codes have multiple interpretations. We have identified several applications in wireless networks where this property is useful. Specific nested code constructions as well as efficient soft and hard decision decoding algorithms are described. The concept of a nested code with multiple interpretations provides flexibility in the design of error protection schemes for multi-terminal wireless networks.
Soviet Policy in a Two-World System (1948)

rTHhe three years since the end of hostilities against the Axis •*• have seen the emergence and widening of a division between the Soviet and non-Soviet worlds, a division which now dominates all considerations of policy. How did this division arise? What can be done to overcome its effects? Can the issues in dispute be made manageable? These are the questions which are being anxiously posed, and to which every variety of answer is offered.